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NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE.
KA Fournal of Zoology
IN CONNECTION WITH THE TRING MUSEUM.
EDITED BY
THe Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D.,
Dr. ERNST HARTERT, ann Dr. K. JORDAN.
Vou. X., 1903.
(WITH FIFTEEN PLATES.)
IssueD AT THE ZooLocicaL Musrum, TrinG.
PRINTED BY HAZELL, WATSON & VINEY, Lp, LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
1903,
to
bt
COM TENTS ORV OLU MEX.
GENERAL SUBJECTS.
PAGES
. Reise nach dem Rio de Oro, Juni bis August 1902. F. W. RiceEnpacu.
PPV tM te aa ee ee 2 BBO OGM
MAMMALIA.
. On a collection of Mammals from the small islands off the coast of
Western Panama, OLpriELD THomAs p p é : ‘ 0 39—42
. List of Mammals obtained by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild and the
Hon, Francis R. Henley in Egypt. W. E. pe Winton. (Plates VII,
VIII.) 5 ; F é : ‘ : : 5 . : . 279—-285
. On a small collection of Mammals from the Rio de Oro, Western Sahara.
OLDFIELD THOMAS A 7 ‘: ‘ , 5 ; : : . 3800—302
. Preliminary Diagnosis of a new genus and species of Kangaroo. WALTER
RoruscHiLp : o : F . : 0 C - ; : . 414
. Description of a new species of Gazella. Watrer Roruscurip. (Plate XV.) . 480
. Note on Dendrodorcopsis woodwardi, WaAuTerR RorTHscHILD . - : . 543
AVES.
. The Birds of the Obi group, Central Moluccas. Ernst Harterr . : 1—17
. On the Birds collected on the Tukang-Besi Islands and Buton, south-east of
Celebes, by Mr. Heinrich Kiihn. Ernsv Harrerr . c ‘ , 18—38
. The Birds of Batjan. Ernst Harrerr. : : é ; ; . 43—64
v
bo
(vi )
PAGES
. Notes on Papuan Birds. Water Rorascntp and Ernst Harrerr. (Plates
a AV.) 5 ¢ : : . . 65—116, 196—231, 435—480
On a remarkable new Oligomyodian genus and species from Ecuador. Ernst
Hartrert. : 5 : : 5 5 : : : : . 117—118
_QOn the Birds of the Key and South-East Islands, and of Ceram-laut.
Ernst Harrert . : : : : : : : : 5 . 232—254
. List of Birds collected at Rio de Oro by Mr. F. W. Riggenbach. Ernst
Harterr. - - - : : : : ; ; : . 295—297
REPTILIA.
. Description of a new species of Gigantic Land-Tortoise from Indefatigable
Island. WaAtrer RoruscHitp . : 5 : . : ; 2 » lle
. Reptiles from the Rio de Oro, Western Sahara. A pert GUNTHER. . 298—299
3. Note on Uroplates fimbriatus lichenius. Waurer RoTuscHILp . : : . 490
COLEOPTERA.
1. Some new African Anthribidae. Karu Jorpan. : : : : . 127—130
2. African Cerambycidae. Karu JorDAN : : 5 : : 3 . 131—191
3. Some new Cerambycidae from St. Thomé. Kart Jorpan. é , . 192—195
4. New Oriental Anthribidae. Kari Jorpan. : 4 4 : ; . 415—434
bo
ot
LEPIDOPTERA.
. New Moths from British New Guinea. W. Warren : ; . . 120—-126
. New Drepanulidae, Thyrididae, Uraniidae and Geometridae from the Oriental
Region. W. WARREN é ; : : : : : cs . 255—270
. New African Thyrididae and Geometridae. W. WARREN . ; ; - 271—278
. Some new Cossidae from Queensland. Waurer RoruscHinbp . j - 306—308
. Some new Butterflies and Moths. Watrer RoruscHinp . 3 ; - 309—312
. Some new species of Moths. Karu Jorpan . 5 : : : - 315—316
. A Monograph of Charawes. Waurer Roruscnitp and Kart Jorpan . 326—342
. New Uraniidae, Drepanulidae, and Geometridae, from British New Guinea.
W. Warren F % : ‘ ® 5 d : ; 343—414
. .
10,
ile
( vii )
. Some new or unfigured Lepidoptera. Watrer Roruscuitp and Karu ae
(Plates XI., XII.) . . . : : : : d : - 481—487
Some new African Papilios. Water Roruscnitp and Karn Jorpan . 488—490
Lepidoptera collected by Oscar Neumann in North-East Africa, Water
RoruscHitp and Karn Jorpan . . 5 3 : ; 5 - 491-542
SIPHONAPTERA.
. A collection of Fleas received from Baron Carlo von Erlanger and Mr.
Oscar Neumann. N. C. Roruscninp. (Plate V.) . : i aok2——olb
. Further contributions to the knowledge of the Siphonaptera. N. C.
Roruscuitp. (Plates IX., X.) . ‘ : : 5 ; ‘ . odlf—325
. Note on Pulex pallidus Tasch. N. C. Roruscwitp . ; : ; : . 542
ARACHNIDA,
. On the Scorpions, Solifugae, and a new Trapdoor Spider, collected by Rev.
Henri A. Junod, at Shilouvane, near Leydsdorp, in the Transvaal.
W. F. Purcett . : ; P i 4 i , é 3 . 303—306
New species and subspecies described in volumes I. to X. of Novitates Zoological.
A. Vertebrata . 3 5 ‘ , ; js ‘ 5 » 043—ppil
Errata. 581
LIST OF PLATES IN VOLUME X.
Plate iI. Coloured figure of Loborhamphus nobilis, (By H. Grénvold.)
$5 Il. a 5 Chalewrus inopinatus, (By J. G. Keulemans.) Co face p. GE.
ee Til. 33 S Uroplates fimbriatus lichenius. (By J. Green.)
- IV. Eye and fundus oeuli of Uroplates. (A. W. Head del., André & Sleigh
impr. )
Sy V. Pulex regis and P. isidis, (By Dr. K. Jordan.)
+ VI. Map of the Rio de Oro, N.W. Africa.
» VIL. Map of the Wadi Natroun, Lower Egypt.
» WIII. Coloured figures of Egyptian Mammals. (By J. Smit.)
is IX. |
j Pphqnaptere. (By K. Jordan.)
” X.
ASH Musy
4 APR. YE \2°4 ap }
re = :
\ WENN
ites Oy
—
INOW AEE S-a7 OOhOGICAE.
Vol. X.
APRIL, 1903. No, 1.
THE BIRDS OF THE OBI GROUP, CENTRAL MOLUCCAS.
By ERNST HARTERT,
IGHT in the middle of the Moluccan Archipelago, between the Halmahera
group or Northern Moluccas, and the Southern Moluccas (Ceram, Buru, and
Amboina), lies the little Obi group, consisting of one large island, Obi or Obi
Major, and the small islands of Bisa, Tapa, Obi-latu (Obi-latoe), Lojang, Gomomo,
and a few other very tiny, insignificant islets. All the latter are so close to the
dominating, large central island of Obi Major that it is safe to suppose that their
fauna is the same, except that many of the forms found on the large island are
absent from the outlying islets; and what we know of the birds from these small
islands bears out our supposition.
The first explorer of Obi was the well-known traveller Bernstein, who for a
number of years explored the eastern islands for the Dutch Government. His
collections are preserved in the Leyden Museum. He discovered Lycocorax obiensis
and most of the other species peculiar to Obi, but they were chiefly described by
others. No collections were then made on Obi until, in October 1883, it was visited
by the yacht Marchesa, when a fair collection was made by Dr. F. H. H. Guillemard
and his party. The species are enumerated in the P. Z. S. 1885. pp. 562-9, and in
the “Cruise of the Marchesa.’ New discoveries were, however, not made, as the
collectors stayed only a few days and did not penetrate into the interior. The
next bird collector who landed in the Obi group was the late William Doherty, who
collected a good many birds there in September 1897. In 1898, from October to
December, Mr. Lucas, of Brussels, stayed on Obi Major, and employed some native
bird-skinners to collect for him. We are obliged to him for several rare and new
species. Last, but not least, Mr. John Waterstradt made a stay of some months on
Obi Major, and his natives made large collections of bird skins. They ascended
the hills in the interior, where they obtained the new Cryptolopha everetti water-
stradti and other interesting species.
The collections made by Bernstein are, as said before, in the Leyden Museum.
Of the birds brought home by Dr. Guillemard the majority are in the Tring Museum.
Doherty’s collection is also at Tring, as well as that of Mr. Lucas and a selection
from Mr. Waterstradt’s skins.
We may safely assume that we are now acquainted with nearly all the resident
birds of Obi, and that only an ornithologist might still do valuable+ornithological
work there.
- Obi is well wooded—in fact, almost entirely clothed with forest—and the
]
4
(2)
mountains in the interior reach a height of about 5000 ft. It was for a long time
uninhabited, but within the last ten years some villages have sprung up.
Though I have in all more important cases adhered to the system of quoting the
original reference and habitat in full, I have sometimes disregarded it in order to
save time.
The systematic arrangement of the following list is that of Salvadori’s “ Ornito-
logia della Papuasia,” in order to facilitate comparison with that work,
1. Cuncuma leucogaster (Gm.).
Mr. Lucas brought with him several specimens. He quotes as native names
“ Koheba gunong” and “ Koheba laut.” Bernstein had obtained it already on Obi,
also Guillemard (P. Z. S. 1885. p. 562).
2. Haliastur indus girrenera (Vieill.).
Native name, according to Lucas, is “ Koheba.”
Guillemard (/.c.) mentions Haliastur intermedius, but I am sure the birds from
Obi must all belong to girrenera.
3. Baza subcristata rufa Schleg.
Baza rufa Schlegel, Voy. Nederl. Ind., Valkvog. pp. 41. 78 (1866 : “ groep van
Halmahera).
We have a specimen from Mr. Lucas, obtained on Obi between October and
December 1898. The native name is, according to Lucas, also ‘‘ Koheba.” The Obi
specimen agrees with others from Batjan and Halmahera. (Cf. Noy. Zoou. VIII.
1901. p. 379.)
4. Tinnunculus moluccensis Bp.
Tinnunculus moluccensis Bp., Consp. Av. i. 1850. p. 27 (ex Hombron et Jacq.,
Amboina!); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885. p. 526 (Obi).
Tinnunculus moluccensis orientalis Meyer & Wiglesw., B. Celebes i. 1898.
p- 79 (Halmahera group).
Guillemard and Lucas obtained specimens on Obi Major.
According to Meyer and Wiglesworth the form from the Halmahera group—
to which Obi belongs more or less—is to be separated from that of the Southern
Moluceas (Amboina, Buru, Ceram, Goram, Peling). The material which I have been
able to examine so far does not justify this separation. I can see two very distinct
races—namely, a darker form, with more brown cheeks and ear-coverts, darker under
wing-coverts and lighter under surface, inhabiting the Moluccas, and a lighter one,
with more greyish cheeks and ear-coverts, much whiter under wing-coverts and
lighter underside, inhabiting Celebes and the Lesser Sunda Islands to Kangean and
Java. It is true that some few specimens from the Southern Moluccas are somewhat
intermediate, but the majority before me are exactly like those from the Northern
Moluccas, and al] agree best with the latter. Moreover, some examples from the
Moluceas are variable and lighter than usual. The form from Amboina is the typical
moluccensis, and I must unquestionably unite with it the orientalis of Meyer
and Wiglesworth, while certainly recognising 7. molucc. occidentalis as distinct.
(3)
5. Astur griseogularis obiensis subsp. nov.
[Astur griseogularis G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 343 (“ Batchian, Gilolo,
Ternate.”) (Typ. loc. Batjan—ef. Cat. B. i. p. 124). ]
A. griseogularis form. typ. simillimus, sed minor. Al. ? ad. 230—233, d er.
200 mm.
Hab : In Insula Obi Major dicta.
Three 2 ? ad., March, April, June, 1902, Waterstradt coll.
3 fere ad., March 1902, Waterstradt coll.
? juv., Lucas coll., No. 91, 1898.
The specimens from Obi Major have such small dimensions, compared with a
series from Batjan (Platen, Waterstradt, Doherty, Wallace coll.), Ternate (Doherty
coll.), and Morty (Dumas coll.) that I feel perfectly justified in separating them
subspecifically under the name obiensis. While the wing of adult females of
A. griseogularis griseogularis measures 258—280, that of the females from Obi is
only 230—233 mm. long, a measure sometimes even surpassed by the males of the
typical form, which are, of course, ever so much smaller than the females. The
male of A. griseogularis griseoguiaris has the wing 215—240, while that of A. g-
obiensis has it no longer than about 200 mm. Similar differences are obvious in the
tails. The tails of adult females of the typical form from Batjan, Ternate, Halma-
hera, and Morty are always over 200 mm. long, that of obiensis about 185. Also the
metatarsus and toes are generally smaller in Obi specimens. In most of the females
the under surface is more or less distinctly barred, but the bars become often
obsolete (apparently in the oldest birds), and no trace of them is to be found in very
adult males, though I have not seen a female without a trace of light bars.
Type of A. g. obiensis: 2, Obi Major, 6. iv. 1902, No. 0.67 Waterstradt coll. in
Mus. Rothschild.
6. Accipiter erythrauchen Gray.
Accipiter erythrauchen Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 344 (Gilolo=Halmahera).
? ad, 2? juv.,Obi Major. Native name “ Koheba.”
The adult female agrees with typical specimens.
The supposed young figured by Schlegel (Vog. Nederl. Indié, Valhvog. Pl. XIII.
fig. 4. pp. 22. 60) is evidently erroneously united with this species. Accipiter
erythrauchen belongs to the same group as A. ceramensis and A. sulaensis (not to
be confounded with soloensis !). The adult A. ceramensis is greyish underneath,
while the adult su/aensis lacks the rufous collar on the upper back. The young of
all these forms are boldly striped underneath, without a trace of cross-markings. I
have described the young A. sulaensis (with an almost cinnamon upperside) in Nov,
Zoou,. 1898, p. 126, and the young of A. cerwmensis (under the name of A. rubricollis)
is described in Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 144. The young A. erythrauchen has the
upper surface very deep brown, the crown darkest, almost black. Each feather is
widely barred with white, and more or less buffy rusty colour towards the base, or
at least has a white or whitish base. There are narrow rufous fringes to the tips of
the feathers, Remiges deep brown, with deeper slaty brown bars, inner webs pale
cinnamon for the basal half. Rectrices dark brown, with deeper, somewhat. slaty-
blackish bars, inner webs with a cinnamon wash towards the base. Underside
whitish buff, with wide deep brown central stripes, but without any ecross-markings
whatever.
C29
7. Ninox rufostrigata (Gray).
Athene rufostrigata G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 844 (Gilolo=Halmahera).
One specimen, marked “ ¢,” was obtained by Waterstradt’s hunters on Obi Major
on March 26th, 1902. This specimen agrees with the type of Ninow rufostrigata
in the British Museum, except that it is perhaps a little paler underneath and
considerably smaller, The wing of NV. rufostrigata from Halmahera measures
285—295, while that of the Obi example is only about 258 mm. long. Whether
this diserepancy is due to sexual or individual variation, or is a racial character, I
am unable to say at present, the material in collections being very scanty. I know
only of the type in London, three more from Halmahera in Leyden (Bernstein coll.),
and two from Morty Island in the Tring Museum, the latter agreeing in every respect
with the type. Their wings are 285 mm. long.
8. Cacatua albus (P. L. 8. Mill.).
Psittacus albus Miil., Natursyst. Swppl. 1776. p. 76 (ex Daubenton, Pl. Ent. 263,
Moluccas).
Cacatua alba Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885. p. 562.
Dr. Guillemard recorded C. albus from the little island of Bisa in the Obi group.
Mr. Lucas sent a specimen said to come from Obi Major. He gives “‘Gatala” as the
native name.
9. Tanygnathus megalorhynchos (Bodd.).
Psittacus megalorhynchos Bodd., Tabl. Pl. Enl. p. 45 (1783: ex Daubenton,
Pl. Enl. 713: La Nouvelle Guinée).
Messrs. Doherty and Waterstradt sent some examples from Obi, where it was
also obtained by Mr. Lucas’ hunters.
10. Geoffroyus cyanicollis obiensis (Finsch).
[Psittacus cyanicollis 8. Mill, Verh. Land- en Volkenk. pp. 108. 182 (18839—
1844: Gilolo=Halmahera: p. 182).]
Pionias obiensis Finsch, Papag. ii. p. 389 (1868: Obi).
Geoffroyus cyanicollis obiensis Rothsch. & Hart., Nov. Zoou. 1901 p. 86 (Obi—
differences and variations discussed).
Bernstein, Guillemard, Waterstradt, and Doherty obtained specimens on Obi
Major.
11. Kelectus roratus (P. L. §. Miill.).
Collected by Bernstein and Doherty, as well as Waterstradt, on Obi Major.
12. Lorius garrulus fiavopalliatus Salvad.
[Psittacus garrulus Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 100 (1758: Hab. in Asia. We
must regard Halmahera as the typical locality, as this form is only known from that
island). |
Lorius flavopalliatus Salvyad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. p. 33 (1877: Obi, Batjan),
I can only look upon Lovins flavopalliatus as a subspecies of Lorius garrulus.
There seems to be no appreciable difference between the two, except that flavo-
(5 )
palliatus has a large yellow patch on the interscapulium, while the latter is wholly
red, or red with small yellow spots, in L. gorrulus garrulus.
Lorius garrulus flavopalliatus was obtained on Obi by Bernstein, Bruijn’s
hunters, Doherty, Lucas, and Waterstradt. Guillemard found it on Obi Latu and Obi
Major. It is called by the Malays “ Luri.”
13. Eos riciniatus obiensis Rothsch.
[Psittacus riciniatus Bechst., Kurze Uebers. p. 69 (1811: “ Moluckische Inseln ”
__{ substitute Ternate as the typical habitat). ]
Eos variegata obiensis Rothsch., Bull. B. O. C. x. p. xvi. (Nov. 1899 : Obi Major).
(Probably Mr. Rothschild is right in accepting the name variegatus of Gmelin
(ex Latham), for the species, but the description of the under wing-coverts as yellow
makes it rather doubtful if we can accept that name, and Mr. Rothschild now agrees
with me that it is safer to adhere to riciniatus Bechst. ).
As already pointed out by Mr. Rothschild, the adult Obi birds have the entire
head and neck uniform red, and the greater wing-coverts and scapulars much more
black, almost uniform black, while most of the wing-coverts in typical riciniatus
are mostly red. Other birds—we take them to be younger individuals—have the
head red with only a small purplish blue patch on the hinder part of the crown, and
a collar of the same colour round the neck; but the collar and the sineipital patch
are not connected, while in typical riciniata they are widely connected, seldom
almost interrupted. We have now eight Obi examples, collected by Guillemard,
Lucas, Doherty, and Waterstradt, and twenty t ypical riciniata from Batjan, Halmahera,
and Ternate for comparison, and the characters stated by Mr. Rothschild to dis-
tinguish the Obi form are very conspicuous if this series is compared, though single
younger individuals may sometimes be indistinguishable. According to Lucas these
birds are called by the natives “ Perkiet.” (Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885. p. 564.)
14. Hypocharmosyna placentis (Temm.).
One example from Lucas, who says it is called by the natives ‘‘ Burong Bandera.”
Also obtained by Waterstradt’s hunters.
15. Cuculus saturatus Blyth (Probably migrant).
Ouculus saturatus Hodgs., Blyth, Journ. A. 8. Beng. xii. p. 942 (1843);
Blanford, Fauna Brit. India, Birds iii. p. 207 (1895); Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus.
xxiii, p. 102 (1902).
3, Obi Major, September 1897, W. Doherty coll. (Probably a migrant from
the north.)
16. Cacomantis insperatus (Gould).
Cuculus insperatus Gould, P. Z. 8. 1845. p. 19 (New South Wales).
Cacomantis imsperatus Shell., Cat. B, xix. p. 273, 1891; Rothsch. & Hart.,
Noy. Zoot. 1901. p. 185, note under no. 27.
Cacomantis dumetorum Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. p. 85 (1900).
Cacomantis assimilis Salvad., Orn. Pap. i. p. 337 (1880).
Salvadori mentions Obi Major, on the authority of Bernstein. We have one
adult bird from Lueas (‘‘ Burong swangi” of the Malays), also three young ones from
Waterstradt, apparently belonging to this species,
(6)
17. Scythrops novaehollandiae Lath.
Bernstein obtained it on Obi Major.
18. Centropus goliath Bp.
Lucas sent a specimen from Obi Major. “ Burong Jackies.”
19. Centropus javanicus (Dumont).
Lucas also sent it from Obi Major. Native name “ Cuscus.”
20. Rhyticeros plicatus (Penn.).
Obi Major, fide Lucas. Native name “ Burong Tahon.”
21. Merops ornatus Lath.
Obi Major, Waterstradt, and fide Lucas. Native name: “ Radjah udang buri.”
22. Alcedo ispida hispidoides Less.
Doherty, Waterstradt, and Lucas obtained this kingfisher on Obi Major. “ Bill
black, basal half (about) dull red below” (Doherty). ‘The specimens are of a very
fine blue above. Bernstein obtained this bird already on Obi, and so did Guillemard
(P. Z. 8. 1885. p. 566). Our Obi birds are not smaller than usual.
23. Alcyone pusilla (Temm.).
“3” jun. “2” ad, Obi, May, June 1902, Waterstradt coll. A dark zone
across the breast, caused by the blackish tips to the feathers; forepart of crown and
back greenish.
24. Ceyx lepida uropygialis Gray.
[ Ceyx lepida Temm., Pl. Col. iv. Pl. 595. fig. 1 (1836: Amboina). |
Ceyx uropygialis Gray, P. Z, 8S. 1860. p. 348 (Batjan, Ternate).
Ceyx lepida wropygialis Hart., Noy. Zoou. 1901. p. 97 (Northern Moluccas).
The northern form of C. lepida, easily distinguished by its differently coloured
light blue tips to the feathers of the pileum and other characters, described by me
in 1901, is common on Obi Major, where specimens have been taken by Bernstein,
Doherty, Lucas, and Waterstradt. Native name “ tintis.” ‘Iris chestnut, feet coral
red, bill vermilion ” (Doherty). Waterstradt’s hunters met it in the hills at 2000 ft.
above the sea.
25. Halcyon diops (Temm.).
This species was already obtained on Obi Latu by Bernstein. Doherty and
Waterstradt sent specimens from Obi Major. Native name “ Radja udang.”
26. Halycon chloris (Bodd.).
Bernstein, Doherty, and Lucas met with this kingfisher on Obi Major, Guillemard
on Bisa.
27. Haleyon sanctus Vig. & Horsf.
Obtained on the Obi Islands by Bernstein, Waterstradt, and Doherty. The latter
sent it from Obi Major and Bisa,
Cr)
28. Halcyon saurophaga Gould.
Obi Major: Bernstein, Doherty. ‘Feet blackish. Bill: upper mandible, com-
missure, and tip of lower mandible black; rest white” (Doherty).
29. Tanysiptera hydrocharis obiensis Salvad.
Tanysiptera obiensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. p. 302 (1872, ex Schlegel,
Obi Major) ; Salvadori, Orn. Pap. i. p. 433 (1880); Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885. p. 567
(Obi Major and Bisa).
Tanysiptera dea obiensis Rothsch, & Hart., Nov. Zoou. 1901. p. 160.
All collectors have obtained this beautiful kingfisher. Doherty described the iris
as “deep brown, the feet brownish green, bill deep vermilion.”
30. Eurystomus orientalis australis Swains.
Obi Major: Bernstein, Lucas, and Waterstradt. Malayan name “ tjektjek.”
31. Caprimulgus macrurus Horsf.
Obi Major: Bernstein and Doherty.
32. Macropteryx mystacea (Less.).
Obi: Bernstein (Mus, Leyden) and Lucas (Mus. Tring).
33. Collocalia esculenta (1..).
« 9” ad., Obi Major, June 1902, John Waterstradt coll.
34. Monarcha diadematus Salvad.
Monarcha diadematus Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 321 (1878: Obi).
There is a series of twenty-two, collected by Doherty and Waterstradt, of this
flyeatcher before me, which is only known from Obi. It is, however, not easy to
understand the plumages of this species. What are evidently the youngest birds in
the series have the whole upper surface slate-grey, the feathers of the forehead
with rufous edges, the wings dark brown, tail black, lateral pair of rectrices
large, second pair with smaller white tips; chin pale grey, foreneck and breast
cinnamon, rest of under surface white, sides washed with cinnamon. The majority of
the specimens have the forehead black, separated from the dark ashy grey (or slate-
grey) upperside by a band of orange-rufous; chin and upper throat black, lower
throat and breast pale orange-buff (or cinnamon), abdomen white, sides of body
washed with orange-buff (or cinnamon), These birds, fully agreeing with the
description in the Catalogue of Birds (vol. iv. 1879. p. 419) of the supposed adult
male, are considered by Count Salvadori (Orn. Pup. ii. 1881. p. 19) to be younger
males. J have been inclined to be of the same opinion; but these birds are quite
frequent on Obi, and those before me show no signs of immaturity, so that now I doubt
if they will ever lose their rufous breast and band on the crown. The females
corresponding to this dress are less black on the upper throat, and perhaps a little
paler on the breast and band on the crown, and have shorter wings. Then there is
another plumage, evidently the most perfect one, and described by Salvadori (/.c.) as
that of the fully adult male, but not mentioned in the Catalogue of Birds. In this
the band separating the black forehead from the grey sinciput is white, threat and
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breast white, or more or less faintly washed with orange-buff or cinnamon, and the
white band on the crown has also sometimes a faint wash of cinnamon. It is difficult
to say if these birds, when younger, have been cinnamon on breast and crown-band.
The white tips to the rectrices vary in extent. In the lateral pair they oceupy both
webs, or almost only the inner web, trespassing only a little on to the outer web; on
the second pair they vary in extent, and the third pair is either entirely black or with
a small white patch. ‘he iris is “deep chesnut, feet bluish black, bill leaden blue,
tip black” (W. Doherty).
35. Monarcha chalybeocephalus nitens (Gray).
[Muscicapa chalybeocephalus Garn., Voy. Cog. Zool. Atlas Pl. XV. fig. 1 (?)
(1826: ex Nova Hibernia). |
Myiagra nitens Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 352 (Batchian, Wallace coll, and Ternate).
Doherty collected four males and three females on Obi Major. Waterstradt sent
an adult male. ¢: “Iris deep brown, feet black, bill leaden blue, black at tip.”
? . “ Tris deep brown, feet black, bill black, gape red.” In Nov. Zoo. 1899. p. 208
I have discussed the various local forms of Monarcha chalybeocephalus. The form
from the Northern Moluceas, M. chalybeocephalus nitens, is certainly separable from
typical chalybeocephalus, as well as from the other forms. The wing is shorter (dd wing
78—80 mm.), and the female is decidedly darker, more brownish, on the upper
surface.
36. Rhipidura tricolor (Vieill.).
Muscicapa tricolor Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. xxi. p. 430 (1818: Timor). (The
locality Timor is erroneous, and I substitute New Ireland as the typical locality.)
Doherty obtained two males on Obi Major.
37. Rhipidura obiensis Salvad.
Rhipidwra obiensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 987 (1875: Obi
Major).
Doherty and Waterstradt sent a nice series from Obi Major; Guillemard (P. Z. 8.
1885. p. 570) obtained it also on Bisa Island.
38. Rhipidura torrida Wall.
Rhipidura torrida Wallace, P. Z. 8S. 1865. p. 477. Pl. XXVIII. (Ternate).
Mr. Waterstradt sent a single specimen, marked “ 3,” of a Rhipidwra, which I
think must belong to Rh. torrida, though its wing is only 63 mm. long. Part of the
tail is missing, and there are rather wide cinnamon-rufous tips to the upper wing-
coverts, indicating, it seems, immaturity. Otherwise, however, this specimen agrees
with a series from Batjan, collected by William Doherty. Batjan is a new locality
for Rh. torrida, which is hitherto only known from Ternate. Rh. torrida is most
closely allied to Rh. rufifrons of Australia, and not easily distinguishable. Generally
the under tail-coverts are strikingly richer cinnamon, and the head and back, rump,
and base of tail. darker The tips tothe rectrices seem to be always very light,
whitish, while in Rh. rufifrons, on the other hand, they are sometimes equally white,
but more often of a very light greyish brown. ‘These forms and others are better
treated as subspecies, I think, but require more study.
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39. Myiagra galeata Gray.
Myiagra galeata, Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 352 (Batjan).
A series from Obi Major agree with Batjan specimens, and are therefore typical
Myiagra galeata.
Dr. Finsch (Notes Leyden Mus. xxii, p. 203, 1901) declares that Myiagra
goramensis Sharpe, described from a single specimen, evidently with an abnormal or
discoloured bill, is specifically valueless. It is doubtless true that the distribution
hitherto accepted for these forms—i.e., M. galeata ranging from the Northern
Moluccas to Buru and Amboina, and M. gorwmensis alone on Goram, is incorrect ;
but at the same time it is true that there are local differences between these birds.
All those before me from Batjan, Halmahera, and Obi have the crown of a glossy
greenish steel-black, in contrast to the slaty grey-blue back and rump; the lores, a
narrow line on the forehead, just above the bill, are of the deepest black, the ear-
coverts blackish. The wing (males) measures 65—70 mm.
The specimens from Goram have the crown not glossy greenish steel-black, but
metallic slate-grey, scarcely or only little darker than the back and rump. The lores
are also black; the ear-coverts are blackish. The wing measures 73—74 mm. The
examples from Buru have the head like those from Goram, or eyen still paler, not in
any marked contrast to the back and rump. The lores are less blackish, not much
deeper than the crown, like the ear-coyerts; wing 68—71 mm. Iam, therefore,
obliged to distinguish three subspecies, from the males alone, the females being not
very distinct, and our series of them rather poor.
A. Myiagra galeata galeata Gray: lores and line on forehead deep black, ear-
coverts rather blackish, crown very dark steel-green, in marked contrast to the back,
wings 65—70 mm. Northern Moluccas. (Specimens from Batjan, Halmahera, Ternate,
and Obi examined.)
B. Myiagra galeata goramensis Sharpe: similar to A, but crown less dark, less
in contrast to the back, wing rather longer, 73—74 mm. Goram and Ceramlaut
(Kiihn coll.).
C. Myiagra galeata buruensis subsp. noy.: head scarcely in contrast to the
back, lores and ear-coverts not deep black, absolutely no dark line on forehead, wing
68—71. Buru.
Type: ¢, Kayali, Buru, October, 1898, No. 2391, Dumas coll. (Everett’s label),
in Mus. Rothschild.
40. Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinh.) (Migrant).
?, Obi Major, 1. iv. 1902, Waterstradt’s hunters. (Migrant from the north.)
41. Cryptolopha everetti waterstradti subsp. nov.
Cryptolopha, C. everetti dictae typicae simillimus, sed gula maxima pro parte
flavescente, gula summa modo albida.
Hab: In montibus insularum Batjan et Obi Major dictarum. Typus ex Batjan.
Mr. John Waterstradt sent one skin from Obi Major, obtained on April 16th,
1902, and thirty-one from Batjan, shot in the mountains between 5000 and 7000 ft.
All these birds resemble the bird described by me as Acanthopneuste* everetti [Nov.
* It will doubtless appear to be very inconsistent that I placed this bird two years ago in Acantho-
pneuste, now in Cryptolopha. But on several occasions I have already remarked that there is a group
of birds neither agreeing properly with typical Cryptolopha, nor with Phylloscopus. I am, however,
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Zoo. VII. (1900) p. 239] from the mountains of Buru; but, while in the latter
the whole throat is dirty white, in C. waterstradti the uppermost portion of the
throat only is whitish, the rest yellow, or yellowish, the feathers being yellow, whitish
in the centre. These birds, therefore, closely resemble the young of C. everetti, which
have the entire throat, up to the bill, yellowish, but the underside is brighter yellow,
and it cannot for a moment be supposed that all the thirty-one specimens from Batjan
and the one from Obi, all alike, are immature—in fact, they are evidently nearly all
adult birds. The crown is not so greyish as in C, everetti everetti, nor so olive-green,
uniform with the back, as in the young of the latter, but darker, more brownish olive.
The superciliary line is mostly even more obscure. The ear-coverts are very con-
spicuously spotted, being deep olive-brown, almost blackish, with whitish centres,
much less uniform than in typical everetti. The inner edges to the inner webs of
the remiges are more yellowish, as are also the margins to the inner webs of the
middle rectrices. The abdomen seems to be, as a rule, deeper and brighter yellow,
and the greenish olive of the sides apparently more extended over the abdomen,
Wing 55—61, tail 40—42 mm. Bill (in skin) black, feet (in skin) slaty.
Type: “ 2,” Batjan, 5000—7000 ft., July 1902, No. B.81, Waterstradt coll., in
Mus. Rothschild. :
42. Stoparola panayensis (Sharpe).
Eumyias panayensis Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. 2nd series, Zool. i. p. 326
(1879: Panay, Philippine Islands).
Iam much puzzled by two flycatchers, marked as male and female, sent by
Mr. Waterstradt from Obi Major, from 2000 ft. above the sea. They agree with
S. panayensis from Panay and Negros in every way, except that the feathers of the
chin and throat are slightly brighter blue and much longer. These two specimens,
however, are freshly moulted, one showing a few spotted feathers of the juvenile
dress, and I believe that in the Philippine birds these feathers would be equally long
if we had equally freshly moulted ones. On the other hand, the occurrence of a
Philippine form of restricted habitat on Obi Major is most remarkable. It cannot
easily be supposed that an inhabitant of a tropical island like Panay migrates to the
Moluccas, but I cannot at present classify our two Obi examples with anything else
than the typical Stoparola panayensis (Sharpe).
43. Graucalus papuensis melanolora (Gray).
[Corvus papuensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 371 (1788, ex Daubenton, habitat
in Nova Guinea).]
Campephaga medanolora Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 353 (Batjan and Ternate).
Evidently not very rare on Obi Major, where Dolerty obtained a series of five
examples. Bernstein found it already on Obi. I find that—as already mentioned
by Salvadori in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 185—specimens from the Halmahera group and Obi
are smaller than typical New Guinea birds, and therefore prefer to make use of Gray’s
name melanolora for the former. The following measurements of the wings will be
of interest :—
Halmahera: 159, 159, 157, 157, 157, 155, 148 mm.
afraid they cannot be called Acanthopneuste, as the type of Acanthopneuste is borealis, a true Phylloscopus,
in my opinion. I refrain from creating a new genus for these birds, and call them now again (pro-
visionally) Cryptolepha. In Dr. Sharpe’s Handlist iii, p. 275, C. presbytis and everetti are not mentioned,
probably because recorded as Acanthopneuste,
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Obi Major: 157, 157, 155, 154 mm,
Kapaur, New Guinea: 148, 145, 143 mm.
Konstantinhofen, New Guinea: 144 mm.
Dorei, New Guinea: 143 mm.
Mysol: 152 mm.
Salwatty : 149, 150 mm.
44. Edoliisoma obiense Salvad.
Edoliosoma obiense Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 329 (1878); id., Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 151 (Obi).
Obi: Bruijn, Bernstein, Guillemard, Doherty, Lucas, Waterstradt. There is a
great variation in immature males and females. While the adult female is below
cinnamon, above cinnamon-brown or chestnut-brown, with a slaty-grey crown, some
examples have the crown of the same chestnut-brown as the back; these must be
younger birds, although they have a uniform cinnamon underside. Others, doubtless
immature, have blackish cross-markings on the underside ; another one—probably an
immature male, though we have a specimen moulting from a rich crimson plumage
to the adult bluish slate one—is underneath pale buff with blackish cross-marks,
above of a curious pale brownish grey colour, crown-feathers with narrow white tips.
Doherty describes the iris as deep brown, the bill and feet as black. Native name,
“ Burong miniak ” (Lucas).
45. Edoliisoma marginata Wall.
Campephaga marginata Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863. pp. 19. 34 (Buru).
One specimen was obtained on Obi Major by one of Mr. Waterstradt’s hunters
on April 17th, 1902. I am inclined to think that it is a straggler from Buru, and
not a native of the Obi group of islands.
46. Lalage aureus (‘Temm.).
Ceblepyris aureus Temminck, Pl. Col. 382. fig. 2 (1825) (Timor”—errore !.
I accept Ternate as the typical habitat).
Doherty and Waterstradt obtained specimens on Obi Major. Both sexes have the
“iris deep brown, feet nearly black, bill black” (W. Doherty).
47. Dicrurus dohertyi Hart.
Dicruropsis sp.? Guillemard, P. Z. S. 1885. p. 571 (Bisa).
Dicrurus dohertyi Hart., Noy. Zoou. 1902. p. 441 (Obi Major).
A series from Doherty and Waterstradt. This form is apparently nearest to
D. megalornis of the Key Islands, but has a shorter tail and a much less high
and arched beak. Specimens sent by Bruijn from Obi Major were by Salvadori
(Orn. Pap. ii. p. 174) united with D. pectoralis from Sula, but they are very
different. The Obi bird is larger, has a longer and higher bill, larger feet, longer
wing and longer tail; the iris is brown, not crimson; wing, d, 169—171, ¢, 167—
170; tail, d, 142—148, ?, 146—149; bill from forehead to tip, 88 mm.
48. Pachycephala obiensis Salvad.
Pachycephala obiensis Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 330 (1878: Obi) ;
id., op. cit. xv. p. 45 (1879) ; id., Orn. Pup. ii. p. 219.
Doherty obtained this bird on Obi Major and Bisa, Waterstradt on Obi Major.
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“Tris deep brown, feet purplish black, bill black.” This form, as well as others, is
a close ally of P. melanwra, and will in future be considered a subspecies of the
latter.
49. Pachycephala johni sp. nov.
Pachycephala corpore supra olivaceo-brunneo, remigibus secundariis pallidius
marginatis ; pileo griseo-schistaceo. Cauda brunnescente-nigra. Corpore maris subtus
toto rufo-cinnamomeo, feminae gutture pectoreque plus minusve nigro-brunneo
striolatis. Long. tot. ca. 140—150; al. d, 82—83, 2?, 78—794; caud. 60—61 ;
rostr. 12—13 ; metatars. 19 mm.
Hab. In insula Obi Major dicta.
This remarkable new Pachycephala was obtained by Doherty and Waterstradt.
Doherty sent a single adult male, shot in September 1897; Waterstradt four
examples, with uniform rufous-cinnamon underside, which must be an adult male and
three females, though one of them may be an immature male.
The back, rump, and upper tail-coverts are olive-brown, the remiges blackish
slate, primaries very narrowly, secondaries broadly margined with a paler greyish
olive-brown, the crown slaty-grey ; under surface from bill to tail rufous-cinnamon,
the supposed (females and immature males?) with narrower or wider shaft-stripes
down the centres of the feathers of the throat, breast, and upper part of abdomen.
Doherty marked the iris as “deep crimson-brown, feet. blackish, claws black, bill
black.” One of the specimens from Waterstradt has the bill light brown, and has
wider pale edges to the secondaries,
This bird is named as a compliment to Mr. John Waterstradt, who made a good
collection on Obi Major.
Pachycephala johni has no very close ally, as far as [am aware. It belongs to
the group of P. lineolata and examinata (cf. Noy. Zoou. 1900. p. 237), in which the
jemales have narrow stripes on the breast, but its bright rufous-cinnamon underside
distinguishes it at once from all others.
Type: “ $,” or rather d, Obi Major, 25. iii. 1902, No. 0.129, Waterstradt coll.
in Mus. Rothsch.
50. Cinnyris auriceps (Gray).
Nectarinia wuriceps Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860. p. 348 (Batjan and Ternate).
Obi Major: Bernstein, Lucas, Doherty, and Waterstradt colls, Native name,
“ Burong tschui” (Lucas).
51. Cinnyris frenata (S. Miill.).
Nectarinia frenata §. Miiller, Land-en-Volkenkunde p. 173 (“Door ons an de
westkust van Nieuw-Guinea ontdekt * yy.
Doherty and Waterstradt sent some examples from Obi Major which do not seem
to differ from New Guinea specimens.
52. Dicaeum schistaceiceps Gray.
Dicaewm schistaceiceps Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860. p. 349 (“Batchian and E. Gilolo ye
One female from Waterstradt, similar toa Batjan female collected by William
Doherty.
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53. Myzomela simplex rubrotincta Salvad.
[Mycomela simplex Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 349 (“ Batchian and Gilolo”). |
Myzomela rubrotincta Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 334 (1878 : Obi).
One from Doherty, two males and one female from Waterstradt. “ Iris pale
dull crimson, feet dull leaden, bill nearly black.”
The Obi form of this Myzomela is not—as said by Dr. Gadow, Cat. B. xi. p. 148—
intermediate between Myzomela simplex simplex and M. s. rubrobrunnea, but, on
the contrary, the latter is somewhat intermediate between the two others. While
M. simplex simplex has only a red tinge on the edges of the wings and tail and on
the chest, M. s. rubrobrunnea has red margins to all the feathers of the back and
underside, and M. s. rwbrotincta has the whole upperside uniform brownish red, the
abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts washed with pink. The red of the wings
and tail is also much brighter and more extended than in M. s. rubrobrunned.
54. Criniger lucasi sp. nov.
Criniger supra viridi-olivaceus, subtus flavus, olivaceo tinctus. Differt a
C. chloris dicto, cui maxime affinis est, loris flavis (necnon fuscescentibus), colore
laetiore, subtus purius flavescente, minus olivaceo tincto. Magnitudine CO. chloris
dicti.
Hab. Obi Major.
This very distinct new form of Criniger is nearest allied to C. chloris, but differs
at a glance by its yellow, not brownish, lores. Its colour is generally brighter, the
underside of a much purer yellow, less tinged with olive. With the two other species
of Molucean Criniger the Obi form has much less to do than with C. chloris,
C. mysticalis from Buru, which has also yellow lores, differs, among other peculiarities,
by its yellow eye-lid and the much darker, more olive-greenish underside, with rather
distinct pale shafts. C. affinis from Ceram and Amboina differs at once in the pure
yellow apical third of the tail.
Criniger lucasi is named in honour of Mr. Lucas, of Brussels, who made a very
useful collection of birds on Obi Major, which contained, among others, the rare
Neoscolopax rochussent.
“Tris deep brown, feet bluish grey, bill pale olive-green, culmen above darker,
chiefly at base” (W. Doherty).
We have a series of ten, collected by Doherty and others. The males are much
larger than the females in this and allied species, wings about a centimetre longer.
Doherty sent two eggs of Criniger lucasi. They are like those of C. chloris,
being of a glossless white, spotted all over with deeper and lighter red-brown and
some deeper-lying purplish mauve spots. They measure 22:1:186and 21°5: 182 mm.
Type: ¢ ad., Obi, September 1897, No. 930, W. Doherty coll., in Mus. Rothsch.
55. Pitta rufiventris (Heine).
Coloburis rufiventris Heine, Journ. f. Orn. 1859. p. 406 (Loe. incert.—I substitute
Batjan as the original locality).
Doherty and Waterstradt obtained specimens of this Pitta on Obi Major. “ Iris
deep brown, feet leaden-blue, bill black, pale at tip above.”
The specimens from Obi do not differ from those from Batjan and Halmahera.
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56. Locustella fasciolatus (Gray) (Migrant).
Acrocephalus fasciolatus Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860. p. 349 (* Batchian”).
2 ad., Obi Major, September 1897, W. Doherty coll. “Tris pale sepia, feet pale
brown, upper mandible black, lower mandible pale, gape yellow.” (Migrant from the
north.)
Though only a winter visitor to the tropical islands, this species was first
described from Batjan, where Wallace had obtained it.
57. Phylloscopus borealis (Blas.) (Migrant).
Obi Major, September 1897, Doherty, 2. iv. 1902, Waterstradt. (Migrant from
the north.)
58. Calornis metallicus (Temm.).
Lamprotornis metallicus Temm., Pl. Col. 266 (1824: Amboina).
One example from Obi Major, collected by Lucas. Native name “ idi-idi.”
59. Calornis obscura (Bp.).
Obi Major, Doherty and Waterstradt. ‘Iris deep brown, bill and feet black”
(Doherty).
60. Corvus orru Bp.
Doherty obtained examples on Obi Major and Bisa.
61. Corvus validus Bp.
Corvus validus Bp., Consp. i. p. 385 (“ Ceram, Gilolo.” The typical habitat is
Gilolo [Halmahera], “ Ceram” being an error of Bonaparte).
Corvus validus Biittik., Notes Leyden Mus. xviii. p. 185 (1897; discussion on
type and locality of type, and misuse of name).
Corvus validissimus Schleg., Notice sur le genre Corvus, in Bijdr. tot de
Dierk. 1859. p. 12. Pl. L. f. 21 (1859). (The type of C. validus is also the type of
C. validissimus, teste Biittikofer, /.c.)
Mr. Lucas sent two examples of this crow with its large and long beak, and
strongly arched upper mandible. The native name is “ Burong gaga.”
This species is only known from Halmahera, Batjan, and Obi. It is not a
representative form of Corvus orru, as both occur on Obi Major, and are easily
distinguishable from each other.
62. Lycocorax obiensis bernst.
Lycocorux obiensis Bernst., J. f. O. 1864. p. 410 (Obi).
A common bird on Obi Major, where it was discovered by Bernstein, and
afterwards obtained by Bruijn’s hunters, by Guillemard (P. Z. S. 1885. p. 573), by
Doherty, Lucas, and Waterstradt. Doherty marked the iris as crimson, bill and feet
black. Young birds seem to have a brown iris. The native name is, according to
Lucas, “ Burong andjing.” I am inclined to treat all three Lycocorax as subspecies :
L. pyrrhopterus pyrvhopterus, Halmahera; L. pyrrhopterus obiensis, Obi; L.
pyrrhoplerus morolensis, Morotai and Rau.
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63. Ptilinopus superbus (Temm.).
Only one specimen from Lucas, who says it is called “ marpati,” and a young
bird from Waterstradt.
64. Ptilinopus granulifrons Hart.
Ptilinopus granulifrons Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. vii. p. 35 (Febr. 1898: Obi
Major); id., Nov. Zoox, 1899. p. 219. Pl. IV. fig. 9.
This remarkable little green pigeon agrees in pattern and general colour entirely
with Ptilinopus hyogaster (corr. ionogaster) from Batjan and Halmahera, but it
differs strikingly by the presence of a mass of granuliform fleshy knobs on the
forehead, at the base of the bill. The grey of the head is a shade lighter and
reaches a little more down on to the occiput, its hind-margin being straight or
somewhat convex, not at all concave as is the case in P. hyogaster, when properly
skinned. The general colour is much more yellowish-green, not grass-green, especially
the breast is washed with golden-yellow. The discoverer of this most interesting
pigeon was William Doherty, who collected a nice series in September 1897. He
marked the bare parts as follows: “d: iris crimson; feet purple; bill yellow, more
olive near tip, crimson at base above, granuliform wattles orange-ochreous. : iris
orange-ochreous, feet dark purple, claws blackish ; bill olive-ochreous, crimson at base
above, granuliform wattles at base of bill orange-ochreous.” The sexes are, in skin,
perfectly alike. Mr. Lucas also sent some skins and informed us that the local name
was “marpati,” and recently Mr. Waterstradt obtained more specimens.
In my opinion Ptilinopus granuliformis is of more interest and importance
than any other of the forms peculiar to Obi. It is obviously a close ally and
representative of P. hyogaster, but with the same right that the genus Globicera is
separated from Caurpophaga, it might be distinguished generically, as it has a
remarkable “structural” difference, but I am convinced that this would in no
way help us, and only add an unnecessary new generic term to our list. On the
contrary, the consequence I draw from this case is, that the genus Globicera must
be suppressed.
65. Megaloprepia formosa Gray.
Megaloprepia formosa Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 360 (“ Gilolo”).
Waterstradt’s hunters obtained specimens on the hills, about 2000 feet high, of
Obi Major. Bernstein met with it on Obi many years ago.
66. Carpophaga perspicillata (‘Temm.).
Columba perspicillata Temm., Pl. Col. 246 (1823 : Moluccas).
Doherty and Lucas obtained this species. Native name “ kuru-kuru.”
67. Carpophaga basilica obiensis Hart.
| Ducula basilica Bonaparte, Consp. ii. p. 35 (1854: Gilolo).]
Carpophaga obiensis Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. vii. p. 35 (February 1898, Obi
Major).
Very different from (. basilica basilica, the entire head, throat, foreneck, and
breast being much deeper vinous, with a greyish wash; the hindneck darker grey,
separated from the vinous head by a rusty pateh; abdomen and under tail-coverts
deep cinnamon, instead of pale cinnamon. ‘Iris dark crimson, eyelids vermilion ;
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feet vermilion ; bill nearly black” (W. Doherty). (The bare parts of C. basilica from
Ternate are marked by Doherty as follows: ‘Iris crimson; feet pale carmine;
bill black.”) Bernstein’s specimens of C. basilica from Obi in the Leyden Museum
must, of course, belong to this form, but Doherty was its discoverer, as 1 described
it from his examples. Lucas and Waterstradt also got it.
“Kumkum boké” is the native name.
68. Myristicivora melanura (Wall.).
Carpophaga melanura Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863. p. 33 (Burn).
Bernstein and Guillemard obtained this species in the Obi group (Obi Latu) ;
Lucas and Doherty sent specimens from Obi Major. Local name “ Kumkum puti.”
69. Columba albigularis Bp.
Lucas sent a specimen from Obi Major. Name “ Kumkum.”
70. Reinwardtoena reinwardtsi (Temm.).
Columba Reinwardtsi Temminck, Pl. Col, 248 (1823: Celebes !—errore! I
substitute as the original locality Ternate).
Reinwardtoenas reimwardti obiensis Hart., Bull B. O. C. vii. p. 35 (February
1898 : Obi).
Reinwardtoena vreinwardtsi reimwardtsi Hart., Nov. Zoou. 1900. p. 241;
Rothsch. & Hart., Nov. Zoo. 1901. p. 126.
Reinwardtoenas reviwwardti Mey. & Wigl., B. Celebes ii. p. 642.
In 1898 I erroneously separated the Obi form on account of a yellowish buff
face obvious in Doherty’s specimens, but recent material has shown that this
peculiarity is of no systematic value, as it is clearly the result of the juice of some
kind of fruit.
Bernstein, Doherty, Guillemard (Obi Latu), Lucas, and Waterstradt obtained
this bird. Native name “ Ekorpandjang.”
71. Macropygia amboinensis batchianensis Wall.
(Cf. Noy. Zoo, 1901. p. 124.)
Doherty and Waterstradt, as well as Lucas, who calls it also “ Ekor pandjang,”
obtained examples on Obi.
72. Chalcophaps indica (L.).
Both sexes sent by Waterstradt from Obi Major.
73. Caloenas nicobarica (L.).
Lueas sent a specimen from Obi, where it had already been obtained by Bernstein,
Guillemard collected it on Bisa.
74. Megapodius freycinet freycinet Quoy. & Gaim.
(Cf. Nov. Zoou. 1901. p. 138).
Obi: Bernstein. Obi Bisa and Obi Major: Doherty. Obi Major: Lucas.
Native name “moleo.” Obi Major: Waterstradt.
EE
(17)
75. Neoscolopax rochussenii (Schleg.).
Scolopax rochussenii Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk:. iii. p. 254 (1866 : Obi).
This most remarkable woodcock was originally sent by Bernstein from Obi. I
am only aware of the existence of three specimens: the type from Obi in the
Leyden Museum, a specimen (now in the British Museum) obtained by Mr. Harting
from Frank in Amsterdam, said to have come from Ternate, and a third brought
home by Lucas from Obi Major in the Tring Museum. Obi is therefore the only
locality known for certain as the home of this rare bird. The specimen from Frank
is a native-made skin sent home with one of the usual North Moluccan trade-skin
lots, and there is no proof that it actually came from Ternate. Mr. Lucas says the
bird was called by the natives “ Snip utan,” which means “ wood-snipe.” The figure
in Seebohm’s Charadriidae is not well coloured. The upperside is black, with large
markings of an ochreous rufous, while on the plate the ground-colour is not black
enough, the markings too yellowish, not rufous enough. Our specimen measures as
follows : wing 205, tail 77, bill 100, metatarsus 47, middle toe 58 mm.*
76. Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scop.) (Migrant).
Collected on Obi Major by Guillemard and Waterstradt. (Migrant from the
north.)
77. Esacus magnirostris (Vieill.).
“3” ad., June 1902, John Waterstradt coll.
78. Herodias timoriensis (Less.).
One skin, Obi Major, from Lucas. Native name “ Soweko.”
79. Garzetta nigripes Bp.
One, Obi Major, from Lucas. Native name ‘“ Soweko.”
80. Butorides stagnatilis (Gould).
Also from Lucas, Obi Major. ‘“ Soweko.”
81. Tadorna radjah (Garn.).
Obi Major, Lucas. “Bebeg utan.” Already long ago obtained by Bernstein.
82. Sula sula (L.).
Obi Major, Lucas. Native name “ Bebeg laut.”
83. Sterna bergii Licht.
Obi Major, Bernstein and Lucas. Called ‘‘ Pombog tanah ” (fide Lucas).
84. Sterna dougalli Mont.
Obi Major, Bernstein coll. in Mus. Lugd.
85. Sterna anaethetus Scop.
Obi, Bernstein coll. in Mus. Lugd.
* While this article was in print we received a skin from the mountains of Batjan.
(18 )
ON THE BIRDS COLLECTED ON THE TUKANG-BESI
ISLANDS AND BUTON, SOUTH-EAST OF CELEBES, BY
MR. HEINRICH KUHN.
By ERNST HARTERT.
EING particularly interested in the ornithology of the Celebes group, whence
we had received such fine collections from Everett and Doherty, Mr. Walter
Rothschild and I have for a long time been trying to induce collectors to go to the
entirely unexplored Tukang-Besi Islands and Buton, south-east of Celebes, but in
vain. Doherty had no inclination to go there, and Everett was unable to obtain the
required permission from the Dutch authorities. The Tukang-Besi Islands belong
to the Sultan of the island of Buton, which is a free tributary state of
Holland. The Dutch have no power nor even any influence on Buton and the
Tukang-Besi, Toekan-Besi, or Token-Besi Islands, which can only be visited by white
men with the consent of the Dutch authorities at Makassar, after the Sultan of Buton
has given formal permission. Mr. Kiihn succeeded in obtaining these permissions,
started for the islands in the autumn of 1901, and collected there in November
and December 1901 and January 1902, though the permissions were apparently
given somewhat reluctantly, for a limited time only, and not without restrictions
and conditions, Mr, Kiihn had to take four men of high rank from Buton, who
travelled with him on his prau at his expense. They were a source of trouble to
him, being constantly about him and doing their best, evidently by order of the
Sultan, to keep the native population away from him. On the boat they filled the
air with the unpleasant odour of their opium pipes, which they smoked most of
the time. In addition to the four officials from Buton, a prau with thirteen men
followed him everywhere. These people were, of course, a great bother, and were
very troublesome when he was collecting, on account of their constant inquisitiveness
and obtrusiveness. From Wantjee (Wangi, Wangi-Wangi) Mr. Kihn was at first
turned back to Buton, and the return journey to Wantjee was one of nine days’
beating against the wind.
The Tukang-Besi (Toekan-Besi, Token-Besi, or Toecambaro) Islands form an
extensive but almost unknown archipelago to the eastward of Buton. They are of
moderate elevation, with numerous rocks and reefs around and among them. Mr.
Kiihn visited Wantjee, Kalidupa, Tomia, and Binongka.
Wantjee (Wangi-Wangi, Wangi, Wantyi) is the largest and nearest to Buton.
Though only eighteen miles eastward of the east point of Buton, a depth of
1070 fathoms has been found in the channel between them. The island is high,
being visible for about twenty to twenty-five miles. The natives here and on the
other islands always walk about with one or two kris in the belt, and on Wantjee they
were insolent and in no way afraid of the Butonese officials. Binongka, or Binungku,
is a geologically young, thickly populated island, which does not produce enough to feed
its population, so that every year hundreds of men are obliged to emigrate to Amboina,
Banda, and Celebes to trade or to work. There is no forest, or hardly anything that
deserves the name; wherever the rugged and sharp coral limestone admits it, the
(19 )
soil is planted with maize and other cultivated plants, which, however, yield but a
poor crop. There is no fresh water on Binongka—only a brackish, objectionable fluid
in the cavities of the coral rocks.
Tomia is a little more comfortable, there being at least some smooth and clean
sandbanks on the coast, and the coral rock is a little more covered with soil.
Nevertheless the thick population cannot obtain sufficient food from the land.
Kalidupa (Kaledoepa, Kadupa) is more fertile, being covered almost all over,
even on the mountain-tops, with fertile soil. Although forests have almost entirely
disappeared, and vast stretches are covered with the uniform long stiff alang-alang
grass (Imperata arundinacea), Mr. Kiihn believes that at the right season some
good Lepidoptera might be found; but he had to leave Kalidupa after a short stay,
the time which he was permitted to remain having elapsed.
The islands called Mattheus and Velthoen, to the east of the above-named ones,
are uninhabited, but said to be full of birds. They were not visited.
The inhabitants of the Tukang-Besi Islands are of a very light colour, probably
of Buginese origin. Most of the men and all the women had never seen a white
man in their lives, and generally ran away to a distance of over a hundred yards.
Mr. Kiihn, however, suspects that this fear was partly due to the Butonese officials,
who were overbearing and unkind to a degree, and did what they could to prevent
Mr. Kiihn’s getting into contact with the natives.
No zoological collector has ever before touched the Tukang-Besi Islands, and
all honour is due to Mr. Heinrich Kiihn for having brought together, under most
inconvenient and trying circumstances, the very interesting collection hereafter
enumerated.
From the nature of the islands, which consist apparently of geologically young
coral rock, being almost or entirely devoid of old forest, very thickly populated, and
highly cultivated, a very rich fauna cannot be expected, and, in fact, Mr. Kiihn calls
it very poor. Many otherwise ubiquitous genera of birds of the Eastern Archipelago
are indeed absent.
Buton has also remained ornithologically unknown, though it appears that
Labillardére, one of the naturalists who accompanied D’Entrecasteaux’s expedition
in search of the lost ship Za Pérouse, collected some birds on Buton or Muna.
D’Entrecasteaux passed through the Strait of Buton, between Buton and Muna;
eighteen days were spent in making the passage, and parties landed on both islands.
On either of them they must have collected a number of birds, such as Streptocitta
albicollis, Gazzola typica and others, which were partly, through some carelessness
in labelling, attributed to New Caledonia. (Cf. Meyer & Wiglesworth, B. Celebes ii.
pp. 576, 584.)
Altogether Mr. Kiihn sent from his expedition seventy-three species, mostly in
large series. Of these nine or ten are migrants from the north, the rest resident
birds. While the birds from Buton are—as far as the very small collection from
that island shows—practically the same as those of South Celebes, the birds from
the Tukang-Besi Islands show on the whole a very different aspeet. Though mainly
the same as those of Celebes, or closely allied, there is among them also a fair mixture
of Southern forms, just as we find it on Djampea, Kalao, and even, to some degree, on
Saleyer. Itis, to me, most strange that anumber of forms (Aslwr torquatus wallacei,
Baza subcristata reinwardti, Tanygnathus megalorhynchos, Carpophaga concinna)
inhabit the islands quite close, sometimes all around, north and south of Celebes,
but avoid the mainland, if we may call it so. The birds from Wantjee, Kalidupa
( 20 )
Binongka, and Tomia are entirely similar. The proportion of peculiar forms on the
Tukang-Besi Islands is, in proportion to the number of species, fairly large, being :
1. Pisorhina manadensis kalidwpae: Kalidupa.
2. Tanygnathus megalorhynchos viridipennis: Kalidupa, Binongka, Tomia.
3. Dicaewm kiidni: Kalidupa, Binongka, Tomia.
4. Cinnyris infrenata: Wantjee, Kalidupa, Tomia, Binongka.
5. Zosterops flavissima: Wantjee, Kalidupa, Tomia, Binongka.
6. Oriolus broderipi oscillans: Wantjee, Kalidupa, Tomia, Binongka.
7. Hypotaenidia kuehni: Kalidupa, Binongka.
It is quite possible, and even probable, that on account of the thick population
and the destruction of forests some interesting local forms have disappeared.
The systematical arrangement of the following list is, for the sake of con-
venience for those who wish to compare the lists, that of Meyer & Wiglesworth’s
Birds of Celebes. Though the system of giving full references to the original
description and habitat has met with universal approval, and though I should like to
adhere to it generally, at least in the more important instances, I could not carry it
through in every case, for want of time.
1. Astur torquatus wallacii Sharpe.
[Falco torquatus Temminck, Pl. Col. 43 (1821: ex Cuvier: Australia, Timor,
Java, ete.!—Australia, errore! Laccept Timor as the typical habitat, because the
plate and description agree best with the Timor form). |
Astur wallacit Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 128 Pl. V. (1874: Lombok,
Buru. Lombok is the typical locality, the Buru example being a young bird,
probably belonging to a totally different bird).
Tomia Island; ¢d ad., 20. xii. 1901. “Tris orange, feet ochreo-chromeous,
bill black, greyish at base below, about the nostrils and eyelids sulphur-yellow.”
2 juv., 23. xii. 1902.
Kalidupa: ? 2 ad., 2, 10. i. 1902. (Nos. 4403, 4404, 4608, 4609, 4611.)
I have called these birds as above not without consideration. Restricting the
habitat of typical Astur torquatus to the Timor group of islands, we have the
following forms :—
Astur torquatus torquatus: Underside white, sharply barred with a more or
less pale rufous, under tail-coverts often pure white, breast more or less washed with
pale ash-grey. Timor, Savu, Alor.*
Astur torquatus wallacii: Underside much more rufous, the ground-colour
generally much less pure white, more tinged with pale grey or rufous-grey ; the bars
generally wider, often less sharply defined ; the chest much more rufous, less greyish ;
the barring less distinct on chest and breast. Lesser Sunda islands: Lombok, Flores,
Java to Jampea, Kalao, and Tukang-Besi islands.
It is true that the Tomia and Kalidupa specimens are lighter grey on head and
cheeks, but I do not venture to separate them without more evidence.
Astur torquatus cruentus: Much like A. t. wallacii, but the under wing-coverts
much more distinctly and regularly barred. W. Australia and Southern New
Guinea.
* Everett sent an adult pair from Alor, but in my Alor list (Nov. ZooL. 1898) this species has
inadvertently been omitted. On Alor Astur sylvestris,a species which is quite different and has no
rufous collar above, also occurs (Noy. ZooL, 1898. p. 462).
( 21)
Astur torquatus swmbaénsis : Underside white with rufous-brown or greyish
rufous bars, reaching quite down over the abdomen, even the thighs being strongly
barred. Upperside rather dark, tail somewhat more distinctly barred. Sumba.
2. Astur soloensis (Lath.).
2, S.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901. “ Iris sulphureous, feet chrome-yellow, bill black,
grey at base, cere red-orange.” (No. 4139.)
3. Accipiter rhodogaster (Schleg.).
Nisus virgatus rhodogaster Schleg., Mus. P.—B., Astures p.32 (1862 : Celebes).
2, S.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901. Moulting from the juvenile kestrel-like plumage
to that of the adult bird. “Tris sulphureous, feet yellow-ochreous, bill black, cere
olive-yellowish.” (No. 4157.)
4. Haliastur indus girrenera (Vieill.).
Tomia, Binongka. One of the Tomia specimens (No. 4362) has distinetly dark
brown shafts to the pectoral feathers, the other not a trace of them. (Nos, 4276,
4277, 4362, 4614.)
5. Tinnunculus moluccensis occidentalis Mey. & Wigl.
[Tinnunculus moluccensis Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. 1850. p. 27 (ex Hombron
et Jacq., Amboina !). |
Tinnunculus moluccensis occidentalis Mey. & Wigl., Abh. Mus. Dresden 1896,
No. 2. p. 8.
A large series from Binongka, Kalidupa, Tomia. (Nos. 4612, 4613, 4278—4283,
4304—4309, Kiihn coll.).
6. Pandion haliaétus leucocephalus (ould.
3, Kalidupd, 5. i. 1902. A typical leucocephalus, in my opinion. (No. 4615.)
7. Baza subcristata reinwardti (Miill. & Schleg.).
(Cf. Noy. Zoox. 1901. p. 379.)
3 ad., Kalidupa, 4. i. 1902; ¢ jun., Wantjee Island, 3. xii. 1901. (Nos. 4446,
4610.)
8. Pisorhina manadensis kalidupae subsp. nov.
An adult pair and a young little horned owl from Kalidupa (Nos. 4486, 4487,
and 4488) appear to belong to a new subspecies of this yexed group. They differ
widely from P. manadensis manadensis of Celebes and the latter's close ally
P. manadensis albiventris (apparently only distinguishable, as a rule, when a series
is compared, by its whiter abdomen) in their much larger size. In their dimensions
they agree with P. manadensis leucospilus from the N orthern Moluceas, rather than
with P. manadensis magica from the Southern Moluccas. They are, in fact, hardly
distinguishable from P, manadensis leucospilus, but there is a remarkable difference
in the extent of the feathering on the metatarsus. In typical P. manadensis
leucospilus (and P. manadensis magica) the feathers do not reach quite down to
the toes, so that about four millimetres of the lower metatarsus remain bare. In
P. manadensis kalidwpae the feathers extend fully down the metatarsus, right on to
the beginning of the toes, The specimens from Kalidupa are also remarkable for the
(22)
finer pattern of their markings, the black median lines of the feathers, both above
and below, being narrower, less bold, the whole bird thus appearing to be more
uniform. A skin from Batjan (Platen coll.) in the Tring Museum, however,
approaches them in this respect. ‘The iris is sulphureous or ochreous yellow, feet
dirty whitish, bill blackish, base of mandible light.” Wing “3d” 170, © $ ” 169,
tail 85—89, metarsus 30, bill 23 mm.
Type in Mus. Tring No. 4486, ?, Kalidupa, 29. xii. 1901. Heinrich Kiihn coll.
It may be said that P. manadensis manadensis and P. manadensis albiventris
differ so strikingly in their smaller size, and especially smaller bills, from magica,
leucospilus and kalidupae, that one cannot help seeing a wider gulf between the
former two and the latter three forms, so that one might almost say they were two
species, each with some subspecies ; but sometimes the differences are less than usual.
9. Strix candida Tick.
@ ad., Kalidupa Island, 6. i. 1902. “Iris blackish brown; feet pale brownish
grey; bill white.” (No. 4489.)
This is the second specimen known from the Celebes region. One was obtained
by Professor Max Weber in the Luwu district in 1889, and only this one female has
been sent by Kiihn. Ornithologists agree that the “grass-owl” extends its range
from India to Australia. I have not sufficient before me to discuss the possibility of
several local forms of this bird, but I am certainly not @ priori convinced that they
are all exactly the same from the various countries.
10. Trichoglossus ornatus (L.).
Common on Kalidupa, where a good series has been collected. “The iris is
reddish orange, feet - olive-grey, bill vermilion.” Specimens from Kalidupa are
entirely similar to those from Celebes. (Nos. 4515—46521.)
11. Cacatua sulphureus (Gm.). :
Psittacus sulphureus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 3380 (1788: ex Brisson, Buffon,
Albin, Edwards, and Latham. “Habitat in ins. Moluccis”; errore: the typical
locality is Celehes.
Tomia, Binongka, and Wantjee Islands. Altogether seven specimens, four
marked “ d,” three “ 3.”
The sexing undoubtedly correct, as the males have much larger bills. The bills
of these males are exactly as large as those of specimens from Celebes, while those
of the females are not larger than those of the Djampea specimens, separated by me
(Noy. Zoo. 1896. p. 176) under the name C. sulphurea djampeana, on account of
their smaller bills. Iam therefore afraid that the Djampea form is not distinguish-
able, my djampeana having been founded on two females only. Mr. Kuhn has
marked the iris of the males as “blackish brown,” “ coffee-brown,” and “ brownish
black,” that of the females as “bright red,” ‘blood red,” and “dark vermilion.” I
do not know if this difference in the colour of the iris in the sexes is known, but
cannot find it described. (Nos. 4248, 4249, 4250, 4863, 4364, 4365, 4456.)
12. Tanygnathus megalorhynchos viridipennis subsp. nov.
Tanygnathus T. megalorhynchos dicto typico simillimus, sed remigibus extus
viridibus, minime caeruleis, rostro alisgyue minoribus.
Hab, In insulis Tukang-Besi dictis,
( 23 )
A very fine series of fourteen specimens from Kalidupa, Binongka, and Tomia
(Nos. 4184, 4185, 4186, 4187, 4345, 4346, 4347, 4527, 4528, 4529, 4530, 4531, 4532,
4533) differ strikingly from typical megalorhynchos, of which I have a large series
for comparison, in the outer aspect of the wings being green, not at all blue. The
primary coverts only have more or less of a blue .tinge, but the quills never. The
wing measures, in this fine series of fourteen skins, not more than 230 to 245 mm.,
while in typical megalorhynchos it is 240 to 266. The bill (forehead to tip with
compass) measures not more than 46 mm., but generally less, while in typical
megalorhynchos it measures from 45 to 53 mm. The iris is pale yellow of various
shades.
There are, it will be remembered, several more subspecies of 7. megalorhynchos.
T. megalorhynchos megalorhynchos has the most peculiar distribution. It
extends from N.W. New Guinea over the western Papuan Islands to the northern
Moluccas, to Flores, Djampea between Celebes and Flores, and the islands north of
Celebes—not only to Talaut, Sangi, Siao, but even to the small islands close to the
coast: Mantehage, Biarro, and Tagulandang. There is, however, no evidence that it
occurs on Celebes itself! The specimens said to have come from Manado (Musschen-
broek) and Tondano (Reinwardt) were probably brought to Celebes from one of these
islands.
The typical megalorhynchos may be described as a large bird with deep yellow
under wing-coverts, a yellowish underside, and outwardly blue wings.
Specimens from Djampea and Flores have the wings outwardly green, hardly
with any blue tinge at all, and are perhaps a shade darker greenish; but our series
is too small for us to be certain if they belong to a distinct race, or if they can be
united with viridipennis. They are, however, larger than viridipennis, and should
probably receive a special name.
T. megalorhynchos swmbensis inhabits the island of Sumba. It is of the same
size as typical megalorhynchos, and has outwardly blue quills, but the under wing-
coverts are greenish yellow, the under-surface greener and darker. This is a very
distinct race.
T. megalorhynchos viridipennis from the Tukang-Besi Islands is smaller than
typical megalorhynchos and sumbensis, and has outwardly green wings without blue.
The under wing-coverts are hardly more greenish.
T. afinis from the Southern Moluccas and 7. subaffinis from Timorlaut
(Tenimber) are also closely allied, and might be looked upon as subspecies of
megalorhynchos; but all the other forms of the genus Tanygnathus are widely
different from the group of megalorhynchos and allies.
The type of Tanygnathus megalorhynchos viridipennis is a female from Tomia
Island (No. 4346).
13. Cacomantis sepulcralis (S. Miill.).
Cuculus sepuleralis §. Miiller, Land-en Volkenkunde p. 177 (1839—1844:
Java).
Cacomantis sepulcralis Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. (1900) p. 82.
One 3, 3 2%, Tomia, Binongka, and Kalidupa. “Iris greyish brown, eyelid
yellowish ; feet ochreous yellow; bill black, mandible, except tip, yellowish grey.”
Wings 106—110 mm. (Nos, 4384, 4385, 4386, 4571.)
( 24)
14. Centropus javanicus (Dumont).
A good series from Kalidupa. The very much larger size of the females is well
shown by this series. Centropus bengalensis (from India alone) is distinguishable
by its rufous-red mantle, which is sharply separated from the blue-black neck. If
the two forms strictly represent each other geographically, they should be treated
subspecifically. (Cf. Nov. Zoou. 1900. pp. 282, 233.) Moulting specimens show of
course that the change from the juvenile plumage to that of the adult is effected by
moult, and not by “colour-change” within the feathers. (Nos. 4490—4498.)
15. Pyrrhocentor celebensis rufescens Mey. & Wigl.
Two specimens, male and female (Nos. 4164 and 4165), from $.W. Buton,
Celebes, agree with P. c. rufescens, if that is a well-marked subspecies, and not with
typical celebensis from North Celebes. (Cf. Mey. & Wigl., B. of Celebes i. p. 223;
Hart., Nov. Zoo. 1897. pp. 160. 164.)
16. Phoenicophaus calorhynchus rufiloris subsp. nov.
Ph. Ph. calorhynchus calorhynchus et Ph. calorhynchus meridionalis dictis
simillimus, sed loris cinnamomeo-rufis distinguendus.
Hab. Buton. 3, 25 xi. 1901, “Tris scarlet, feet black, bill sulphur-yellow,
tip blackish for about 1 em. with utmost point white for 2 or 3 mm., sides of base
(round nostril) and under mandible dark scarlet.” (Nos. 4162, 4163, H. Kihn coll.)
These two specimens closely resemble the northern typical Ph. calorhynchus
and its southern very close representative Ph. calorhynchus meridionalis. The
feathers of the crown are somewhat worn, and it is therefore difficult to say to which
of the two forms they are nearer in the colour of the crown. The mantle and breast,
which are generally lighter in Ph. c. meridionalis, are very rich cinnamon-chestnut-
rufous. The wings are rather short, measuring only 172—174 mm., but they are
partly moulting.
The majority of Ph. calorhynchus calorhynchus and all Ph. calorhynchus
meridionalis in the Tring Museum are larger, having wings from 180—185 mm.
and more, but several Ph. calorhynchus calorhynchus have wings only 174—178 mm.
long. Messrs. Meyer & Wiglesworth quote for the northern form wings 174—185,
for the southern (generally larger) form 174—202.
The bills of the two Buton examples are also smaller than in most wntenie of
the two other forms, but here, too, we find several specimens closely approaching and
practically equalling them. Altogether neither the meacurements nor differences of
colour (only two specimens being to hand) are of any importance, except that the
Buton birds have on the lores a large cinnamon-rufous patch, almost of the same
colour as the throat, though a shade duller. The discovery of this form, though
closely allied (but better distinguished, I think, than meridionalis), is of great
interest. .
Type: No. 4163, ¢, S.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901, H. Kiihn leg., in Mus.
Rothschild.
17. Scythrops novaehollandiae Lath.
Kalidupa, Tomia, Binongka, Wantjee. “Iris scarlet, lores and eyelid (naked
skin round eye) crimson, feet bright grey (bright plumbeous), bill dark grey, dirty
whitish towards tip, but varying.” Nos, 4348, 4349, 4457, 4470, 4471, Kiihn coll.)
EE
(25 )
18. Alcedo ispida hispidoides Less.
Alcedo hispidoides* Lesson, Compl. Buffon ix. 1837 p. 345 ( Bourou, une des
Moluques”’).
A large series from Kalidupa and Buton. (Nos. 4499—4508, 4547, 4129—
4131.) The adult male has the entire bill invariably uniform black, but the adult
female has the base of the under bill largely red. do: “black”; %: “bill black,
base below dirty red (pale vermilion, brownish red”). This kingfisher is undoubtedly
merely a form of Alcedo ispida. The four familiar races of the latter may briefly
be diagnosed as follows :—
( Ear-coverts cinnamon-rufous: 2.
1. | Ear-coverts deep blue or blackish blue, colour above very bright and very
| blue: A. ispida hispidoides.
Colours above paler, less bright and less blue: 3.
* (Colours above brighter and more blue: A. ispida floresiana.
3, [Size larger: A, ispida ispida.
: ie smaller: A. ispida bengalensis.
Within the area inhabited by A. 7. bengalensis brighter and bluer specimens
occur in certain places, as for example in Ceylon, where they have been called “ var,
tuprobana” by Kleinschmidt; such individuals closely resemble A. 7. floresiana,
but may be distinguished by their slenderer bills, which are higher and thicker
in A. 2. floresiana.
19. Haleyon coromanda (Lath.).
3 juv., North Buton, 16. i. 1902. “Tris dull dark brown, feet pale brownish
vermilion, bill bright yellowish vermilion.” (No. 4177, Kiihn coll.)
I have not adopted the name Halcyon coromanda rufa (Halcyon rufa Wallace,
P. Z. 8. 1862. p. 338, ex Celebes) for this form, as I cannot see that the Celebes
specimens differ from many others. They average rather large, but not strikingly ;
the colour is not darker than in specimens from the Malay archipelago, and not often
darker than in Indian ones. There must either be a number of local forms, or none
are clearly enough defined to be recognised by names, but the separation of only a
typical form and rufa (Celebes alone!?) seems to be most confusing and not in
accordance with facts.
20. Halcyon chloris (Bodd.).
Tomia, Kalidupa, Binongka, Wantjee and S.W. Buton. (Nos. 4132, 4244, 4245,
4246, 4247, 4353, 4354, 4356, 4357, 4444, 4445, 4540, 4541, 4542, Kiihn coll.)
21. Coracias temmincki (Vieill.).
3, Buton, S.W., 25: xi. 1901 (No. 4166, Kiihn coll.) Iris coffee-brown, bill
black.” The specimen agrees perfectly with those from Celebes.
22. Eurystomus orientalis (.).
3, Binongka, 20. xii. 1901; ?, Kalidupa 31. xii. 1901. (Nos, 4286, 4551, Kiihn
coll.)
* This is the spelling, not ispidoides or ispidiodes, as generally quoted.
( 26 )
23. Pitta vigorsi Gould.
? ad., Kalidupa, 3.i.1902. “ Ivis coffee-brown, feet pale flesh-colour, bill black.”
(No. 4586, Kiihn coll.)
The oceurrence of this bird on the Tukang-Besi Islands is most unexpected, and
I am inclined to think that it is only an accidental visitor there. If there was
a resident race, one would expect it to differ from typical vzgorsi, though the
distribution of the latter is much wider than we knew formerly.
24. Hirundo javanica Sparrm.
Common on Kalidupa and Binongka. (Nos. 4267, 4268, 4269, 4270, 4271, 4593,
4594, 4595, 4596, Kiihn coll.)
25, Monarcha inornata kisserensis A. B. Meyer.
[Muscicapa inornata Garnot, Voy. “ Coquille,” Zool. Atl. Pl. XVI. fig. 2 (1826);
i. 2. p. 591 (1828: New Guinea). ]
Monarcha inornatus var. kisserensis Meyer, Sitzwngsber, & Abh. Isis, Dresden,
1884. p. 22 (Kisser).
A series from Kalidupa and Binongka. (Nos. 4265, 4266, 4293, 4294, 4295,
4296, 4297, 4410, 4573, 4574, 4575, 4576.)
I have doubtfully applied the above name to these specimens. One thing is
certain: they differ from the (typical!) New Guinea birds as follows: the grey,
especially on the head, neck and mantle, is lighter, more whitish; the abdomen is of
a deeper chestnut colour; the bill is smaller. They seem to agree very well with
Kisser specimens (Kiihn coll.). It is, however, doubtful if the name cimerascens of
Temminck, based on Timor specimens, is not available for these forms, but I have -
no Timor specimens to compare. The subspecies of this flycatcher are difficult to
study. Dr. Finsch (Votes Leyden Mus, xxii. 1901. p. 259) denies the possibility of
distinguishing any local forms. He says that the different colorations are due, in
both sexes, to age. While freely admitting that Dr. Finsch is quite correct in
remarking that the grey of the head, hindneck and foreneck is darker in young
birds, lighter in adult ones, while the abdomen is lighter rufous in the young, deeper
and more chestnut in old ones, I have sufficient adult birds for comparison to show
that New Guinea birds are lighter rufous and darker grey (having also larger bills),
and that those from the South-West Islands, Dammer, Timorlaut, the Tukang-Besis
and other places have a lighter grey and deeper chestnut-rufous colour.
Monarcha inormmata commutata [Monarcha commutata Brigg., Abh. Ver. Bremen
1876 y. p. 68 “Manado”—errore: Siao (?Sangi)]| is evidently a darker grey form,
and well recognisable as a subspecies; nevertheless, I cannot understand why Messrs.
Meyer & Wiglesworth, who fully grasped the value of recognising subspecies, and
used trinomials frequently, allowed “commutatus” to stand as a species, with two
names, side by side with “inornatus,” while “commutatus” is no more distinct, in
my opinion, than “ /isserensis”—the exact distribution of which is not yet under-
stood, and obscured by the occurrence of young birds and probably also sometimes
by aberrant individuals.
26. Pratincola caprata (L.).
?, S.W. Buton, 25, xi. 1901. (No. 4135, Kiihn coll.)
(27 )
27. Hdoliisoma obiense Salvad. (?)
Edoliisoma obiense Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 329 (1878 : Obi).
It is with some hesitation that I call these birds L. obiense. The males do not
differ from those of E. obiense—neither in coloration nor in dimensions can I find
any differences. The question is about the females: we have no red females! If
the birds sent by Mr. Kiihn are adult females, then this bird differs (in the female
sex) appreciably from E. obiense, but Iam not quite certain about this. There are
eight males, two (Nos. 4406, 4407) from Tomia, and six from Kalidupa (Nos. 4556,
4557, 4558, 4559, 4560, 4561, Kiihn coll.). “ Iris deep brown (blackish brown, black),
bill and feet black.” Then there is a specimen from Tomia (No. 4408) marked “3.”
Its underside is creamy white, abdomen washed with buff, under tail-coverts buff,
the whole under-surface narrowly barred with brownish black, these bars becoming
obsolete on the under tail-coverts. Upperside brownish grey, with remains of a
spotted plumage. This specimen is, I think, an immature male. Then there are
two (Nos. 4409, 4563), from Tomia and Kalidupa, both marked “ ?,” both perfectly
alike, with the underside very pale buff, sparsely marked with stump arrow-shaped
cross-marks, chiefly on the sides; under tail-coverts and middle of throat uniform
pale buff. Upperside grey-brown, crown bluish grey. I think these must be adult
females. Tf this surmise is correct they cannot be called Edoliisoma obiense, because
the adult female of the latter is below uniform cinnamon, above cinnamon-brown,
with a slaty-grey or bluish grey crown. In view, however, of an immature bird
received from Obi Major, and described by me in the list of Obi birds, which is
somewhat similar to the two supposed adult females from the Tukang-Besi Islands,
though evidently immature, as shown by tie crown, which is not bluish slate, but of
the colour of the back, with white tips to the feathers, I am not absolutely certain
on this point. Another bird, marked “ ¢ ?” (No. 4562, from Kalidupa), is similar
to the supposed adult females, but moulting into bluish grey on the throat.
The question arises: Can the supposed adult females be really immature males,
and is the actual adult female cinnamon, like that of H. obiense ?
Edoliisoma obiense oceurs not only on Obi, but also on the Sula Islands, and on
Peling and Banggai, between Sula and Celebes.
28. Lalage timoriensis (8. Miill.).
234, Binongka, 10. xii. 1901 (Nos. 4299, 4300). “ Iris coffee-brown, feet blackish,
bill black.” Both these specimens agree with L. timoriensis, but the white super-
ciliary stripe is only very narrowly indicated. From our series of over twenty adult
males from various localities, I deduct that the narrowness and even absence of the
white superciliary line is not a local character, but purely individual. The absence
of this stripe may be more frequent in Celebes, but we have not such large series as
to show this, and there are Celebesian specimens with wide white superciliary stripes.
29. Artamus leucogaster (Valenc.).
Buton (Nos. 4136, 4173), Binongka (Nos. 4301, 4302), Tomia (Nos. 4387, 4388,
4389, 4390, 4391, 4392), Kalidupa (Nos. 4509, 4510, 4511, 4512, 4513, 4514,
Kiihn coll.).
( 28)
30. Dicrurus leucops Wall.
Dicrurus leucops Wallace, P. Z. S. 1865. p. 478 (Celebes).
Seventeen specimens from Tomia (Nos. 4310, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1115), Binongka
(Nos. 4272, 4273, 4274, 4275), Wantjee (No. 4454), and Kalidupa (Nos, 4522, 4523,
4524, 4525, 4526, 4534). Fourteen of these have large white tips to the axillaries
and under wing-coverts, thus showing the characters said to be peculiar to the race
from Sangi. Only two or three of these fourteen examples show the slightest trace
of immaturity. Three only (¢ Tomia, No. 4315, d ? Binongka, Nos. 4275, 4272)
show no sign of white tips to either the axillaries or the under wing-coverts. The
iris of the adults of these birds is marked as yellowish white, brownish white, or
ochreous white, that of apparently immature ones as bright reddish brown or brownish
white. Whether the iris is really less white than that of D. lewcops, which is said to
haye a “ white” or milk-white iris, is impossible to say. I cannot find any tangible
difference in size, colour, and markings.
31. Dicaeum celebicum 8. Miill.
Dicaewm celebicum S. Miill., Verh., Natwurk. Comm. 1839-44. p. 162 (Celebes).
Two males (Nos. 4133 and 4134) shot on Buton, November 24th and 25th, 1901,
are evidently indistinguishable from D, celebicum. Kiihn has marked the iris, feet,
and bill as “ black.”
32. Dicaeum kuhni spec. nov.
Dicaeum : & supra nigro-chalybaeus, nitore purpureo-cyaneo ; mento albo ; collo
antico pectoreque pulcherrime rubris; pectoris lateribus chalybaeo-nigrescentibus,
abdomine medio flavo-albido, stria mediana nigro-chalybaea ; hypochondriis cinereo-
olivaceis ; subcaudalibus albidis, vix flavidis; subalaribus axillaribusque copiosis
albis; rostro nigro; pedibus nigris. Al, 53—54, caud. 274—29, rostr. 10, metatars.
13—13}mm. feminae D. celebicwm dictae simillima, sed minor.
Hab. In insulis Tukang-Besi dictis.
Typus ex Kalidupa, 31. xii. 1901, No, 4587 Kiihn leg., in Mus. Tring.
3, Kalidupa, 31. xii. 1901 (No. 4587).
3 3d, Tomia, 21, 22. xii. 1901 (Nos. 4427, 4428, 4429).
3, Binongka, 8, 9. xii. 1901 (Nos. 4232, 4233).
“Tris dark brown (blackish brown, black), bill and feet black.”
This very pretty new Dicaewm, which I have named in honour of its discoverer,
is more similar to D. sanghirense Salvad. than to any other species I know. Its
upperside is deep steel-blue with a purplish gloss, slightly more purplish than in
D. sanghirense. The chin is whitish. The throat, foreneck, and entire breast are
scarlet, while in D. sanghirense only the throat and foreneck to the chest are scarlet.
Sides of breast, feathers bordering the red breast, and line along the middle of the
abdomen black, washed with blue; middle of the abdomen, with the exception of
the median black line, yellowish white. Flanks greyish olive, not ashy grey as in
D. sanghirense. Under tail-coverts whitish, slightly tinged with yellow, but not so
white as in D. sanghirense. Under wing-coverts, and the long silky axillaries pure
white. Size the same as that of D. sanghirense. The female is like that of
D. celebicwm, but larger.
D. kithni differs widely from D, celebicwm, It is much larger, the upperside is
( 29 )
deep steel-blue, with a purplish gloss, but not dark purple, the red extends farther
down, over the breast; the flanks are dark greyish olive, more grey, not so dingy
olive; the middle of the abdomen and under tail-coverts are much more yellowish.
33. Cinnyris infrenata sp. nov.
Cinnyris: 3 supra obscure olivaceus, capite saturatiore, brunnescentiore ; lineis
superciliaribus malaribusque nullis; jugulo purpurascente, lateribus chalybeis ;
abdomine toto flavissimo, subeaudalibus pallidioribus; lateribus pectoris fasciculo
plumarum aurantio-flavo ornatis, pectore pro usu paullo aurantiaco tincto ; alis fuscis,
anguste olivaceo marginatis; rectricibus nigris, tribus lateralibus utrinque plus
minusve albo terminatis; subalaribus albis, sulphureo tinctis; rostro pedibusque
nigris. Al. 53—55, caud. 34—37, rostr. 27—28}4, metatars. 25—26 mm. ? supra
brunneo-olivacea, subtus gastraeo toto flavo, cauda alisque ut in mari.
Hab.: In insulis Tukang-Besi dictis.
Typus ex Tomia insula, No. 4419 Kiihn leg., in Mus. Tring.
5 6d, 3 2%, Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4414, 4415, 4416, 4417, 4418,
4419, 4420, 4421).
3 3d, Wantjee, December 1901. (Nos. 4458, 4459, 4460.)
14,3 ? ?, Kalidupa, December 1901 and January 1902. (Nos. 4589, 4590, 4591,
4592.)
5 3d, 2 2%, Binongka, December 1901. (Nos. 4225, 4226, 4227, 4228, 4229,
4230, 4231.)
This very interesting new species differs from all the forms of @. frenata by the
entire absence of the yellowish superciliary and malar stripes, and from the typical
C. frenata very much in the colour of the upper surface. The colour of the upper-
side is very dark olive, deepest on the head. In this respect it differs most from
typical frenata, which has an olive-yellow upperside, and is nearest to C. frenata
plateni from the Makassar region, but still considerably darker, especially on the
head. It is larger than C. frenwta. The breast and abdomen are deep yellow, often
more or less tinged with orange on the breast. The inner webs of the remiges are
margined with dusky white. The outermost pair of rectrices have large whitish
tips, varying in extent and generally clouded with brown, the second pair have tips
of less extent, the third only a narrow margin. The femcle is very much like that
of C. f. plateni, but darker above and below, and larger.
In the absence of the yellowish superciliary and malar lines, Cinnyris jugularis
from the Philippine Islands comes very near to C. infrenata. Specimens from North
Luzon, first separated by Mr. Grant as C. obscwrior, but afterwards united with
C. jugularis, are rather dark brownish and small, but very doubtfully distinct from
C. jugularis. Our C. infrenata is easily distinguished from C. jugularis, and even
from the dark birds from North Luzon, by its much darker, more brownish olive
upperside, and the entire absence of the more or less marked orange-brown band
bordering the metallic jugulum. (C. jugulavis and C. frenata differ in many
respects.)
34. Zosterops flavissima sp. nov.
Zosterops supra ceraceo-flava; fronte et loris aureis, annulo periophthalmico
sericeo-albo, sub oculo macula parva nigrescente ; remigibus fuscis, pogoniis externis
ceraceo-flavo, internis albido marginatis; rectricibus atro-brunneis, anguste flavido
marginatis; gastraeo toto aureo-flavo, lateribus vix viridi tinctis; rostri maxilla
(30 )
fusca, mandibula pallida; iride chocolatino-brunnea., Al. 54—58, caud. 40, rostr. 10,
metatars. 16} mm.
Hab. In insulis Tukang-Besi dictis.
Typus ¢ ad. (No. 4215), ex Binongka insula, 9. xii. 1901, in Mus. Tring.
6 33,4 22, Binongka, December 1901. (Nos. 4215—4224.)
1 $ Wantjee, 2. xii. 1902. (No. 4448,)
4 $6, Kalidupa, January 1901. (Nos. 4577—4580.)
333 ¢ Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4422—4424.)
Zosterops flavissima isa very distinct form. It is probably nearest related to
Z. intermedia, though it differs from the latter in the much more yellow upperside,
brighter and more golden yellow lores and forehead, and smaller blackish spot under
the eyes. In appearance 7. sluhlmanni, from Africa, is most similar to Z. flavissima,
being about as yellow above and below; but the bill of 7. stwhlmanni is stronger
and all black above and below, and the white ring round the eyes is less wide.
M. Kiihn describes the iris of 7. flavissima as chocolate (bright chocolate, pale
chocolate), the feet as yellowish grey (bright yellowish grey, pale plumbeous), the
bill blackish above, pale below.
35. Zosterops intermedia Wall.
Zosterops intermedia Wallace, P. ZS. 1863. p. 486. (Typical locality Celebes—
typus in Mus. Brit. ex Makassar.)
3%, S.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901 (Nos. 4152, 4169, Kiihn leg.). These two
specimens are typical Z. dtermedia.
36. Trichostoma finschi Walden.
Trichostoma jinschi Walden, Ibis 1876. p. 378. Pl. XI. fig. 1. (Makassar,
S. Celebes.)
?, S.W. Buton, 24. xi.1901. “Tris chocolate, feet pale plumbeous, bill blackish,
greyish below.” (No. 4154, H. Kiihn coll.) This specimen is paler and less rufous
than a dozen examples from Makassar. A series from Buton might possibly show that
the Buton form is separable as a paler subspecies (?).
37. Cisticola cisticola (Temm.).
S.W. Buton, November 1901. (Nos. 4140, 4153, 4163.)
Kalidupa. January 1902. (Nos. 4598, 4601, 4602, 4603, 4605.)
Tomia, December 1901. (Nos 4393—4399.)
38. Cisticola exilis (Vig. & Horsf).
Malurus ewilis Vig. et Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soc. xv.. p. 223 (1827, ex Latham’s
MS., Australia).
Kalidupa, January 1902. (Nos. 4599, 4600, 4604, 4606, 4607.)
39. Locustella fasciolatus (Gray). (Migrant.)
Acrocephalus fasciolatus Gray, P. Z.S. 1860. p 349. ( Batchian.”)
Binongka, ¢ (?) ad., 12. xii. 1901. (No. 4298.)
Kalidupa, ? ad., 10. i. 1902. (No. 4583.)
Tomia, 2 ¢ ad., December 1901. (Nos. 4412, 4413.)
Wantjee, ? juv., 3. xii. 1902. (No. 4449.)
(Migrant from the north.)
a I
(31)
40. Motacilla boarula melanope Pall. (Migrant.)
[Motacilla boarwla Linn., Mantissa Plant. p. 527 (1771: “ Hab. in Europa :
Suecia ”). |
Motacilla melanope Pallas, Reise Russ. Reich. iii. App. p. 696 (1776:
“ Dauuria ”).
233,4 2%, Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4450—4435.)
3%, Kalidupa, January 1902. (Nos. 4584, 4585.)
41. Anthus gustavi Swinh. (Migrant.)
Anthus gustavi Swinhoe, P. Z. 8S. 1863. p. 90 (Amoy, China).
3 ?, Kalidupa, 3. i. 1902. (Nos. 4581, 4582.)
(Migrant from the north.)
42. Munia molucca (Linn.).
Lowia molucca Linné, Syst. Nat. ed. xii. 1. (1766) p. 302 (ex Brisson : Isles
Moluques, envoyé & M. le Comte de Bentinck, Mus. Réaumur. I accept Amboina as
the typical habitat).
?, Wantjee, December 1901. (No. 4447.)
9, Kalidupa, January 1902. (No. 4588.)
6, Tomia, December 1901. (No. 4426.)
3 35,5 2%, Binongka, December 1901. (Nos. 4236—4243.)
Some of these specimens agree perfectly with typical Molwcca, others with
M. m. propinqua. (Cf. Meyer & Wiglesw., B. Celebes ii. pp. 5495-51; Hartert,
Nov. Zoo.. ix. 1901. p. 439.)
43. Calornis minor (Bp.).
Lamprotornis minor Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 417 (1850: ex Miill, MS.
in Mus. Lugd., Timor).
4 $6, Binongka, 11. xii.1901. Nos. 4289—4292.) “Iris vermilion, bill and feet
black.” Calornis minor is known to extend to South Celebes, where it has been
obtained by Messrs. Ribbe & Kiihn, Weber, the Sarasins, and Everett. (Cf. Mey. &
Wiglesw., B. Celebes ii. p. 561.)
44, Streptocitta albicollis (Vieill.).
Pica albicollis Vieill.. ‘Nouv. Dict. d Hist. Nat. xxvi. p. 128 (1818: ex
Labillardiére, etc. Hab. “La Nouvelle Calédonie ’—errore, loc. typ. Buton vel
Muna ins. (Cf. Mey. & Wigl., B. Celebes ii. p. 576.)
3 3d, 3 22, S.W. Buton, November 1901. “Iris deep brown (eoffee-brown,
blackish), bill blackish, tip sulphur-yellow, feet black.” (Nos. 4137, 4138, 4041,
4142, 4155, 4160.)
45. Gazzola typica Bp.
Gazzola typica Bp., Comptes Rend. xxxvii. p. 828 (“Nouvelle Calédonie "—
errore! 1 accept Buton as the original locality. (Cf. Mey. & Wiglesw., B. Celebes ii.
p. 584.)
34,8.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901. “ Iris coffee-brown, bill and feet black.” (Nos.
4149, 4150.)
( 32)
This is a somewhat rare bird, but still more remarkable is perhaps Gazzola
unicolor Rothsch. & Hart. (Bull. B. O. C. xi. p 29, November 1900), which is exactly
like G. typica in form and dimensions, but uniform black, with a fine purplish blue
gloss above, while the hindneck and underside are dull slaty-black. Two skins in
the Tring Museum from a native-made collection from Banggai, containing, among
others, Basileornis galeatus and Pittu dohertyi, are apparently the only ones known
at present.
46. Corvus enca (Horsf.).
Fregilus enca Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 164 (1820: Java).
3 34,1 2%, Buton, November 1901. (Nos. 4159, 4174—4176.)
3 $d,3 2, Binongka, December 1901. (Nos. 4178—4183.)
1 3,2 $2, Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4350-—4352.)
3 36,3 22, Kalidupa, January 1902. (Nos. 4472—4477.)
“Tris dark sepia-brown (coffee-brown or blackish brown), bill and feet black.”
47. Oriolus broderipi oscillans subsp. nov.
A large series of Orioles from Kalidupa (Nos. 4461—4467, 5 3, 2 %, January
1902), Binongka (Nos. 4194—4205, 9 3, 3 ¢, December 1901), Tomia (Nos. 4377—
4383, 5 d, 2 2, December 1901), Wantjee (Nos. 4438, 4439, 4401—4403, 3 6, 2 2,
December 1901), are difficult to distinguish from Oriolus boneratensis Mey. & Wigl.,
from Bonerate, Kalao, and Djampea, while single specimens of O. broderipi are also
hardly distinguishable. Oriolus boneratensis is a large form of O. broderipi. The
three subspecies can be separated as follows :
1. O. broderipi broderipi Bp. (P. Z. S. 1850. p. 279, Pl. XVIIL, ex ins.
Sambawa): Smaller, bill comparatively more elongate, being less high and stout,
inner webs of remiges black, without whitish edges; yellow tips to secondaries wider.
Lesser Sunda Islands, from Lombok and Sumbawa to Sumba, Flores, Alor, Pantar,
and Lomblen. (Specimens from Alor, Pantar, and Lomblen are usually bigger, and
closely approach O. b. oscillans, but there are no whitish edges to the inner webs of
the remiges.)
2. O. broderipi oscillans subsp. nov.: Generally a little larger, bill stronger,
inner webs of remiges with move or less wide but always conspicuous whitish edges;
yellow tips to secondaries narrow, sometimes obsolete. Tukang-Besi Islands, $.E. of
Celebes. The iris is described as purple (dark purple, blood-red, dark blood-red),
feet as plumbeous grey, bill as pinkish flesh-colour. (The whitish edges are never
absent, though ranging in width. In O. broderipi broderipi they are entirely absent
or only very narrowly indicated.)
Type ¢, No. 4201, Binongka, 12. xii. 1901, Kiihn leg., in Mus. Tring,
3. O. broderipi boneratensis Mey. & Wigl. (Abh. Mus. Dresden, 1896, No. 1,
p- 16; Hart., Nov. Zoou. 1896. p. 169; Mey. & Wigl., B. Celebes p. 589). Like
O. b. oscillans, but with a stouter and higher bill, the distance from the cutting
edge to the top of the culmen of the upper bill being 1 to 2 mm, more; wings
generally a little longer ; whitish edges to the inner webs of the remiges and yellow
tips to secondaries as in VU. b. oscillans. Islands of Bonerate, Kalao, and Djampea,
south of Celebes.
It is of little avail to give detailed measurements, as such differences as exist
(33 )
between these subspecies can only be seen when series are compared. In general
colour there is no difference. Adult birds often (though apparently not always) are
deep orange, others yellow. The extent of black and yellow in the tail is very variable
48. Treron griseicauda wallacei (Salvad.).
[Trevon griseccauda Gray, List B. Brit. Mus. Columbae p. 10 (1856: ex
Bonaparte, Consp. Av. ii. p. 10, 1854; hab. incert. Loc. typ. Java—ex Bonaparte). |
Osmotreron wallacei Salvad., Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxi. p. 42 (1898: Celebes).
(Cf. NovitaTes ZOOLOGICAE 1902. pp. 421, 422.)
3, Wantjee, December 1901. (No. 4450).
1 d, 2 $2, Binongka, December 1901. (Nos. 4254—4256.)
1 3,1 ?, Kalidupa, January 1902. (Nos. 4564, 4565.)
6 3d,2 2%, 1 pull., Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4836—4344.)
I can see no constant differences from a series from Celebes and the Sula Islands.
“Tris (¢ ad.) ochreous (dull ochreous, dark burnt sienna), feet bright crimson,
bill yellowish white with greenish about nostrils (whitish yellow with greenish base,
yellowish white with pale green eyelids and nostrils).”
49. Ptilinopus melanocephala aurescentior subsp. nov.
A large series from the Tukang-Besi Islands differ from P. melanocephala
melanospila Salvad. of Celebes in being much more golden-yellowish on the back,
neck and chest. They are evidently more similar to P. melanocephala melanocephala
of Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands, but differ in the smaller black occipital patch
and generally slightly darker yellow gular patch. They must therefore be separated
under a special name, if all the other hitherto recognised forms are separated. They
are all subspecies of one species, and may be reviewed as follows :—
1. P. melanocephala melanocephala (Forst.) (Columba melanocephala Yorst.,
Zool. Ind., 1781, p. 16 Pl. VIL): Back, sides of neck and chest strongly washed with
golden yellow, black nuchal patch large, size smaller, yellow gular patch generally
lemon-yellow. Vent deep yellow. Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Satonda,
Flores, Djampea, Kalao and Saleyer.
2. P. melanocephala awrescentior Hart. (subsp. nov.): Back, sides of neck and
chest strongly washed with golden-yellow, black nuchal patch decidedly smaller than
in No. 1, size smaller (the same as that of No. 1), yellow gular patch generally
slightly deeper yellow, vent deep yellow. Tukang-Besi Islands, Buton (? 8. Celebes).*
Type No. 4567, d Kalidupa 7. i. 1902, Kiihn coll. in Mus. Tring.
3. P. melanocephala bangueyensis Mey. (Ptilopus bangueyensis Meyer, J. 7. O.
1891 p. 70, Banguey). Entirely similar to No. 1, the gular patch not at all larger,
this when supposed to be the case being due to preparation, but wing often about
5mm. longer. Southern Philippines and Sulu archipelago. (A very poor and hardly
separable form, much less distinct than No. 2.)
4. P. melanocephala melanospila (Salvad.) (lotreron melanospila Salvad., Ann.
Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. 1875. p. 671, Celebes). Much less tinged with yellow, otherwise
like No. 1. Celebes.
5. P. melanocephala chrysorrhoa (Salvad.) (Lotreron chrysorrhoa Salvad., Ann
Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. 1875. p. 671, Sula & Ceram). Nuchal black patch very narrow,
gular patch and vent deep orange, green with a yellow tinge, often as strong as in
* I have not been able to examine 8, Celebes birds, but as Meyer & Wiglesworth say they have
smaller black occipital patches, they may be like my awrescentior,
3
( 34 )
No. 2. Wing 115—121 mm. (The hest-marked form of all.) Sula Islands, and, it
is said, Ceram (?).
6. P. melanocephala pelingensis Hart. (Plilinopus chrysorrhous pelingensis
Hart., Nov. Zoou. 1898. p. 135, Peling and Banggai). Entirely like No. 5, but wing
only 109—114 mm. » Peling and Banggai.
7. P. melanocephala vanthorrhoa (Salvad.) (Lotreron wanthorrhoa Salvad., Ani.
Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 671, 1875, Sanghir). Black occipital patch large, gular patch
very pale lemon-yellow, vent and shorter under tail-coverts deep orange, wing very
long, 130—139 mm. Sangi Islands.
8. P. melanocephala talautensis subsp. nov. In every way like No. 7, but
smaller, wing 120—130 mm. Talaut Islands.
Type No. 4444, ¢, Lirung, Talaut Islands, May 1897, collected by John
Waterstradt’s natives.
The following specimens of P. m. awrescentior have heen sent by Mr. Kihn:
3d, 2 22, Kalidupa, January 1902. (Nos. 4567—4570.)
6 32, Tomia, December 1901. (Nos. 4209, 4214, 4358—4361.)
3 33,1 juv., 1 2 (? juv.), Binongka December 1901. (Nos, 4127, 4128, 4210,
4212, 4213.)
3 33,1 2%, Wantjee, December 1901. (Nos. 4211, 4436, 4437, 4400.)
23,1 2, Buton, November 1901. (Nos. 4158, 4161, 4170.)
50. Carpophaga concinna Wall.
Carpophaga concinna Wallace, Ibis 1865. p. 383 (“ Matabello, Sanguir Tsland,
Aru [one small island west of]; Banda Island, Ké Island (seen, but no specimens
obtained; Philippine Islands? [B. M.].” Typical locality Matabello! Cf. Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. xxi. p. 187.)
Kalidupa (Nos. 4535, 4536, 4537).
Binongka (Nos. 4188—4192),
Tomia (Nos. 4526—4331).
All these are typical light grey C. concinna, while on the Key Islands is a much
whiter form, (. concinna separata Hart. I cannot in the least see the reason why
Messrs. Meyer and Wiglesworth (B, Celebes ii. p. 617) should have taken the trouble
to warn me not to “split” C. concinna into subspecies. Iam of opinion that I had
examined a sufficiently large material to know that there was no seasonal change in
the direction of my sepurata, and that these birds did not migrate from Matabello to
the Key Islands. I haye now, in the Tring Museum alone, 50 typical C. concinna
and 8 C. concinna separate for examination, and they show at a glance the differences
of the two races. Dr. Finsch (Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. p. 295) also mentions
“Uebergiinge,” but I find my “separata” a most distinct form, though of course
ouly a subspecies ; so that there may be specimens “ fast so gran wie Exemplare von
‘andern Inseln,” confirming my view as to this subspecies.
51. Carpophaga rosacea (Temm.).
Columba rosacea Temminck, P/. Col. 578 (1835: Timor).
2 juy., Binongka, 9. xii. 1901. “Tris dark crimson, feet pale crimson, bill
slate-grey.” (No. 4193, Kiihn leg.)
(35 )
52, Myristicivora bicolor (Scop.).
Columba bicolor Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. ii. p. 94 (1786: ex
Sonnerat, “ Pigeon blanc mangeur de muscade de la Nouvelle Guinée.”
?, Wantjee, 3. xii, 1901, (No. 4451).
53. Turacoena manadensis (Quoy et Gaim.).
Columba manadensis Quoy et Gaimard, Voy. de I’ Astrolabe i. p. 248 Pl. XXX.
(Manado, Celehes).
3 2, Buton, 25. xi. 1901. “Tris pale ochreous (coffee-brown), naked space round
eye carmine, bill and feet black.” (Nos. 4143, 4144 Kuhn coll.)
Comparing our series of 7, manadensis, I cannot find that the females are
appreciably smaller than the males. I find, however, that the birds from the Sula
Islands and from Peling are much smaller. There are five from Sula in the British
Museum, two (all collected by A. R. Wallace) in the Tring Museum, and one from
Peling in the Tring collection, which shows no sign of immaturity. The wing of
Celebes examples measures 190 to 210 mm., but very seldom under 195, while that
of the Sula and Peling birds is only 180 to 185 mm. long. It is therefore opportune
to separate the form inhabiting Sula and Peling under a new subspecific title, and I
herewith call it
Turacoena manadensis sulaénsis subsp. noy.
Type of 7. m. sulaénsis No, 9307a. (ex. coll. Bartlett), Sula Islands, A. R. Wallace
coll., in Mus, Rothschild.
54. Macropygia amboinensis albicapilla Bp.
[Columba amboinensis Linné, Syst. Nat. i. (ed. xii.) p. 286 (1766, ex Brisson :
loe, typ. Amboina). |
Macropygia albicapilla Bonaparte, Consp. Av. ii. p. 57 (1854: Celebes). (Cf.
Noy. Zoo. 1901 p. 123.)
5 $d, 3 22%, Kalidupa, January 1902 (Nos. 4478—4485).
2 3d, Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4257, 4258).
1 3, Wantjee, December 1901 (No, 4452).
These specimens are averaging rather large, the wings of the adult males
measuring 158 to 164 mm. Some Celebes specimens, however, are equally large.
The Sangi race (sangirensis) is much larger. Sula examples are usually smaller,
and can probably be separated as a smaller race, but we have not a sufficient series
to allow us to conclude,
55. Turtur tigrina (Temm. & Knip).
‘ Columba tigrina Temm. & Knip, Pigeons i. Pl. XLII. p. 94 (1811: Java, Timor,
ete.—spec. described and figured evidently from Java, therefore Java must be taken
as the typical locality ).
?, 5.W. Buton, 25. xi. 1901 (No. 4148).
56. Geopelia maugeus (Temin. & Knip).
Columba Maugeus (sic!) Temm. & Knip, Pigeons i. p. 115. Pl. LIL. (1811—loc.
incert.—I accept Timor as the original habitat).
3, Tomia, 21, xii. 1901. “ Tris bright bluish grey, bare eyelids chromeous, feet
greyish violet, bill bluish ash-grey, nostrils pale greenish.”
This species is quite new to the Celebesian fauna,
( 36 )
57. Chalcophaps indica (L.).
1 6,2 22, Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4206—4208).
1 2, Wantjee, December 1901 (No. 4453).
The ¢ is perhaps not quite adult, and resembles the supposed race from Sangi,
but immature birds from other localities are very much like it.
58. Megapodius duperreyii Less & Gar.
Megapodius duperreyii Lesson & Gam., Bull. Sci. Nat. viii. (1826) p. 113
(Dorey, New Guinea).
Ih tef poe December 1901 (No, 4538).
3 3d, 2 22, Tomia, December 1901 (Nos. 4332—4335, 4539).
IO seint ts Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4252—4254),.
59. Turnix maculosus (Temm.).
Hemipodius maculosus Temm., Hist. Nat. Pig. et Gall. iii, 1815. pp. 631. 757.
(sur le continent de la Nouvelle Hollande).
3 26, Tomia, December 1901 (Nos. 4400—4402). “Tris yellowish white or
greyish white, feet pale yellowish or pale greyish-yellowish, bill black, pale yellowish
at base below.” The distribution of this bird extends from Australia to Timor,
Flores, ete., and to Celebes. Specimens from Southern Celebes were described by
Count Salvadori as 7. beccarii, but they do not seem to differ from m«aculosus.
Adult females should, however, be compared.
60. Hypotaenidia kuehni W. Rothsch.
Hypotaenidia kuehni W. Rothsch., Bull. B. O. Club xii. p. 75 (June 1902,
Tukang-Besi Islands).
dad. Upper surface deep olive-brown, with light olive-brown edges to the
feathers. Crown somewhat darker. No rufous patch on the sides of the chest or
lower neck. A broad blackish superciliary band, followed by a wide white band from
the base of the bill to the sides of the neck. Under-surface black, each feather with
three or more narrow white bars, the basal one of which is mostly interrupted and
sometimes absent ; these bars very narrow, obsolete, or absent on the throat. “ Iris
blood-red (burnt-sienna red); bill blackish brown with crimson spots at base ; feet
dull brown.”
Wing 3d 175, 2 169; tail d 75, 2? 70; metatarsus 54; middle toe without
claw 45 mm.
3, Binongka, 12. xii. 1901 (No. 4288).
i Kalidupa, 12. i. 1902 (No. 4325),
Type: 3, Binongka, 12. xii, 1901 (No. 4288) Kiihn coll., in Mus. Rothschild.
H. kuehni is evidently nearest to H. sulcirostris from the Sula Islands, but
differs in the deep olive-brown, instead of “burnt umber” (i.e. a more or less rufous
brown), and the wing is longer. H. satuwrata from New Guinea is also very much
like H. kuehni, but differs in the more uniform and lighter olive-brown upperside,
shorter wing and purer black throat. H. celebensis differs much more, being
considerably smaller, with a much shorter bill, and having a paler, more olive
upper surface,
( 37)
61. Amaurornis phoenicurus (Forst.) (? subsp.).
Rallus phoenicurus Forster, Zool. Ind. p. 19. Pl. 9 (1781: Ceylon).
1 2, S.W. Buton, November 1901 (No. 4167).
1 3g, Binongka, December 1901 (No. 4287).
3 ?, Kalidupa, January 1902 (Nos. 4564, 4555).
4 33,5 22%, Tomia, December’'1901 (Nos. 4315—4324),
None of these birds have any white across the forehead, and I am not at all sure
that it is correct to suppress lewcomelaend as a subspecies.
62. Esacus magnirostris (Vieill.).
3d 3, Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4284, 4235).
3 ?, Kalidupa, December 1901 (Nos, 4468, 4469).
63. Charadrius dominicus fulvus Gm. (Migrant).
[Charadrius dominicus P. L, S. Miill., Natursyst. Suppl. p. 116 (1776: ex
Brisson—hab. St. Domingo). ]
Charadrius fulvus Gmelin, Syst. Nat.i. 2. p. 687 (1788 : ex Latham—hab. Tahiti).
3, Buton, November 1901 (No. 4172).
32, Tomia, December 1901 (Nos, 4375, 4376).
29,1 2, Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4262, 4263, one without number).
Migrant from the north.
64. Ochthodromus geoffroyi (Wagl.) (Migrant).
Charadius geoffroyi Wagler, Syst. Av., Gen. Charadrius, No. 19 (1827: hab.
in Pondichery et frequentiss. in ins. Java. Mus, Paris., Lugd.).
1, December 1901, Tomia (No. 4376).
Migrant from the north,
65. Heteractitis brevipes (Vieill.) (Migrant).
Totanus brevipes Vieillot, Nowy. Dict. @Hist. Nat. vi. p. 410 (1816: “ Pays
inconnu ”—typus ex Timor; cf. Pucheran, Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1851. p. 370).
2 46d,1 2, Kalidupa, December 1901 (Nos. 4548—4550).
d 2, Tomia, December 1901 (Nos. 4372, 4374).
Migrant from the north,
66. Tringoides hypoleucos (L.) (Migrant).
Tringa Hypoleucos Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 149 (1758: “hab. in Europa ”—
loc. typ. Suecia: ex Fauna Suecica).
3 2, Buton, November 1901 (Nos. 4151, 4171).
1?,3 dd, 2 %%, Tomia, December 1901 (Nos. 4367—4371, 4373).
2 2%, Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4259, 4260).
2, Kalidupa, January 1902 (No, 4597).
Migrant from the north.
67. Gallinago stenura (Bp.) (Migrant).
Scolopax stenura Bonaparte (ex Kuhl MS.), Ann. Stor. Nat. Bologna iv.
fase. xiv. p. 335 (1830: Sunda Islands).
3, Binongka, 13. xii. 1901 (No. 4261).
This specimen is a typical adult G. stenura. It is new to the Celebesian fauna,
Migrant from the north.
( 38 )
68. Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scop.) (Migrant).
[Scolopac Phaeopus Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. x. (1758) p. 146 (hab. in Europa—
typ. Suecia, ex Fauna Suecica). |
Tantalus variegatus Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. ii. (1786) p. 92 (ex
Sonnerat : Luzon).
3, Buton, November 1901 (No. 4145).
?, Tomia, December 1901 (No. 4566).
2, Binongka, December 1901 (No. 4264).
3, Wantjee, December 1901 (No. 4455).
1 g,3 2 2, Kalidupa, January 1902 (Nos. 4543 —4546).
Migrant from the north.
69. Ardea sumatrana Rafi.
Ardea sumatrana Rafil., Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 1822. p. 325 (Sumatra).
2 9 2, Tomia and Binongka, December 1901 (Nos. 4620, 4621).
“Tris golden yellow (chromeous), bill black, greenish underneath (pale yellowish
underneath), feet dull black, soles yellow.”
: 70. Demiegretta sacra (Gm).
1 3d (white), 1 2 (white), 1 2 (black) Binongka, December 1901 (Nos, 4484,
4485, 4406).
71. Butorides javanica (Horsf.) (? subsp.).
Ardea javanica Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xiii. p. 190 (1821: Java).
The bill in the specimens from Celebes, the Tukang-Besi Islands and Buru is
remarkably small, being as a rule slenderer and from 5 to 10 mm. shorter than in
those from Java, Borneo, and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Iam convinced that a close
examination of a sufficient number of examples from various localities would enable
us to divide B. javanica into several local forms.
23d,1 ,8.W. Buton, November 1901 (Nos. 4146, 4147, 4156).
3 dd (1 juv.), Kalidupa, January 1902 (Nos. 4617—4619).
72. Dupetor flavicollis (Lath.) (? subsp.).
Ardea jlavicollis Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 701 (1790: “hab. in India”).
It seems that Celebesian examples are as a rule darker, less reddish, on the
foreneck than Indian ones; but our series is not sufficient to come to a definite
conclusion as to the constancy of this character.
d, Kalidupa, 7. i. 1902. “Iris bright yellowish chestnut brown, feet blackish
brown, bill black, pale brownish at base, yellowish white below.”
73. Sterna media Horsf.
Sterna media Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 198 (1820: Java).
3 %, Kalidupa, 9. i, 1902, “Tris dark coffee-brown, bill yellowish (chromo-
ochreous), feet black.”
( 39 )
ON A COLLECTION OF MAMMALS FROM THE SMALL
ISLANDS OFF THE COAST OF WESTERN PANAMA.
By OLDFIELD THOMAS.
iAS with the interesting collection from Coiba Island worked out last year,* I
owe to the kindness of the Hon. Walter Rothschild the opportunity of
examining a series of mammals obtained by the same collector, Mr. J. H. Batty, on
the smaller islands off the same coast, but of the western part of Panama.
The islands visited are all quite small, and close to the mainland, and their fauna
would appear to be practically the same as that of the latter, without any marked
insular specialisation. At the same time this collection is hardly complete enough,
especially in the smaller and more plastic forms, to enable me to make this assertion
very positively.
The only new species, the Porcupine (Coendow vrolhschildi), is a highly
interesting one, as it belongs to a group not hitherto known to occur in Central
America at all. Whether it also is found on the mainland, or is confined to the
islands on which Mr. Batty obtained it, remains to be seen.
A very important paper on the mammals of the mainland opposite these islands
has recently been published by Mr. Bangs,} and it is this paper that is meant when
his name is referred to below.
In the following list the figures following the names of the islands represent the
number of the specimens, which it has not been thought worth while to enumerate
separately.
1. Alouatta palliata Gray.
Sevilla, 5; Almijas, 1; Insoleta, 2.
Like mainland specimens, these Howlers are larger than the small insular form
of Coiba I., A. p. coibensis, Thos.
j 2. Saimiri oerstedi Reinh.
Sevilla, 3; Almijas, 3.
3. Molossus obscurus Geoff.
~ Gobernador, 1.
4, Hemiderma perspicillatum Linn.
Sevilla, 4; Jicaron, 3; Gobernador, 1; Brava, 6; Insoleta, 2 ; Cebaco, 4.
5. Glossophaga soricina Pall.
Gobernador, 4; Insoleta, 1; Jicaron, 3; Palenque, 1; Brava, 16; Parida, 2 ;
Boqueron, 1 ; Cebaco, 17.
* Noy. ZOOL. ix. p. 135.1902, Jam informed both by Mr. Batty and my Chiriqui correspondent,
Mr. H. J. Watson, that there are no small mammals on Coiba Island, a most remarkable and interesting
fact. Probably at some period of its history the island was lowered to such an extent as to drown ont
all burrowing and terrestrial animals, while leaving such species as either were arboreal (Monkeys and
Opossum), or were able to live in some slight depth of water or swampy soil (Odocoileus, Dasyprocta).
~ Bull, Mus. Harvard, xxxix, p, 17, 1902.
( 40 )
6. Artibeus bilobatus Peters. (convewus Lyon).
Brava, 4; Gobernador, 3; Insoleta, 1; Sevilla, 1; Jicaron, 1; Cebaco, 1.
Mr. Lyon has recently separated the Isthmian bilobatws under the name of
Uroderma convexum,* on the ground that the tooth row is more arcuate. But the
material available to me does not confirm the separation—at least, on this ground.
For of two specimens from Bogava, Chiriqui, collected by Mr. Watson, the tooth row
of one is strongly areuate (breadth across molars 9°8 mm.), as is one from Ecuador,
while that of the other exactly matches, in its slight areuation (breadth 9-0 mm.), an
example from Para, Brazil. As the difference between two specimens from one
place exceeds that quoted by Mr. Lyon (9°2 compared to 9:6 mm.) I prefer in the
meantime, until other characters are pointed out, to use the older name for this bat.
7. Artibeus watsoni Thos.
Sevilla, 1; Cebaco, 2.
8. Vampyrops zarhinus H. All.
Sevilla, 1.
9. Potos flavus megalotus. Mart.
Parida, 1; Sevilla, 2; Almijas, 2.
These Kinkajous vary in colour to a certain extent, some of them being almost
as pale as Guatemalan specimens of subsp. aztecus, but all show an indication of the
dark dorsal streak.
10. Sciurus melania (ray.
Sevilla, 3; Insoleta, 2; Cebaco, 1 ; Brava, 3.
11. Sciurus hoffmanni chiriquensis Bangs.
Insoleta, 1 ; Sevilla, 1; Cebaco, 5.
In the Cebaco series there is a considerable variation in the amount and degree
of the reddish or yellowish of the belly, two of the specimens being as red below as
true S. hojfmanni, from which they could hardly have been separated. The others
agree closely with topotypes from Bogava (Watson coll.).
There can be no question that, whatever other S. American forms may be allied
to it, the present Squirrel is entirely distinct from the Guianan S. aestuans Linn.
12. Mus rattus 1.
Brava, 20; Cebaco, 14.
13. Zygodontomys cherriei Allen.
Cebaco, 6.
Received from Mr. H. J. Watson from Chiriqui, whence it is also recorded by
Mr. Bangs.
The latter author places Oryzomys chrysomelas Allen under Zygodontomys, but
specimens which I refer with confidence to that animal have the typical molar
structure of Oryzomys, the cross-crochet between the true laminw being clear and
well developed.
* P. Biol. Soc. Wasl, xy. p. $3. 1901,
(4b)
But it must be confessed that though essentially Oryzomys in tooth structure,
the phoeopus-chrysomelas group are very aberrant, as compared with normal
Oryzomys, and I would suggest that a special subgenus should be formed for their
reception. This might be called Melanomys from the general dark colour of its
members, and its characteristics would be the short tail and generally Akodont
external form of the species, the strictly Oryzomyine molars, the broad-rounded
brain-case, short muzzle and well-marked supra-orbital ridges. The type would be
Oryzomys (Melanomys) phoeopus Thos. from Ecuador, to which O. (M.) chrysomelas
is nearly allied. ;
14. Reithrodontomys sp.
Cebaco, 2.
(Too young for determination.)
15. Sigmodon sp.
Cebaco, 8 (mostly young),
16. Proechimys centralis chiriquinus Thos.
Gobernador, 15; Brava, 2; Cebaco, 13.
17. Coendou rothschildi * Thos.
Sevilla, 5; Brava, 1.
Allied to C. quichuuw, Thos., of Ecuador, but more strongly white speckled, and
with various cranial differences. No relationship to the common Central American
form C. mexicaius.
Size slightly larger than in C. quichwa. .Pelage practically entirely spinous, a
few short fine hairs mixed with the spines, but these are only visible on close exami-
nation. General colour black, coarsely and numerously speckled with white; rump
black. Individual spines of back about 40—40 mm. in length, the basal three-fifths
yellowish white, the next two-fifths black or blackish brown, the tips white or (rarely)
brownish white. In skins in good condition the basal white scarcely shows through,
being hidden by the dark subterminal rings of the spines. Spines of rump shorter
than those of body, without the white tips, and with less or no basal white. Fine
hairs of muzzle black. Head grizzled black and white, like body. Ears with a small
tuft of bristles, mostly white, but some with dark bases. Under surface clothed with
spinous bristles, arranged in tufts of three or four together, white basally, brown
-mesially, and the tips white. Upper surface of hands and feet dark brown. Tail
with the upperside of its base coloured and spinous like the rump; sides of base
white, grizzled like the body generally ; rest of tail (except the tip) uniformly black,
clothed with thick coarse black bristles, tip practically naked.
Skull rather larger than that of C. quichwa, very variable in shape, as usual in
this group. Dorsal outline more inflated above the orbits than above the squamosals,
the converse being the case in C. qwichua; supra-orbital and parietal ridges well
defined. Nasal opening larger, and, especially, wider than in C. quichua. Muzzle
rather more.thrown forward, the incisors pointing less directly downwards. Palatal
foramina long and wide, but in no two specimens alike. Anterior cheek-tooth (p*)
searcely or not larger than the molars.
* Preliminary description, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7). x. p. 169, 1902.
( 42)
Dimensions of the type, measured in the flesh :—
Head and body, 410; tail, 330; hindfoot s.u. 60, c.u. 68 mm.
Skull, basilar length, 71 mm.
Skull of a larger specimen (No. 1082) female, also from Sevilla :—
Greatest length, 88; basilar length, 74; zygomatic breadth, 50; nasals, 26 x 18;
inter-orbital breadth, 30; height of frontal inflation from palate, 31°5; height of
brain-case from between bullae, 26; width of nasal opening, 17; diastema, 25;
palatal foramina, 10°5 x 5:3; length of tooth-row, 17°5 mm.
Hab. Sevilla (type) and Brava Is.
Type: Male. Original number 723. Collected January 24th, 1902, by J. H. Batty.
This animal is a most interesting discovery, for it has no connection with the
only Poreupine, the hairy C. mevicanus, hitherto known from Central America. It
is a member of the C. bicolor group, which is now shown to range from Bolivia
(C. simonsi) through Peru (C. bicolor) and Ecuador (C. quichua) northwards to the
present locality. As might be expected, it is most nearly allied to the last-named,
but is more heavily white-speckled than that animal, besides differing in various
cranial details.
To C. prehensilis there is an even stronger superficial resemblance than is the
case with the other species of the group, but all are readily distinguished from that
animal by the rump spines being differentiated from those of the body in colour
and length.
18. Sylvilagus gabbi All.
Gobernador, 6.
19. Tamanduas tetradactylus L.
Gobernador, 1 ; Cebaco, 2.
These specimens are not unlike the form described by Gray as “ var. opistho-
lewcus.” (Type from Colombia.) Mr. Bangs uses Cope’s name “ sellatu,” originally
based on a Honduras example.
20. Cholaepus hoffmanni Peters.
Espartal, 2; Sevilla, 1; Cebaco, 7.
21. Didelphis marsupialis Linn.
Sevilla, 2; Afuera, 2; Gobernador, 3; Tologa, 1; Brava, 5; Cebaco, 3.
As on the mainland, these island opossums differ much among themselves, but
none are as uniformly brown-faced as the Coiba form, D. m. battyi.
22. Metachirus (opossum) fuscogriseus Allen.
Sevilla, 2.
23. Caluromys laniger pallidus Thos.
Brava, 1; Gobernador, 1 ; Cebaco, 2.
Novirares Zooitocica Vou.X.1908.
JG Keulemans del et bth
CHALCURUS INOPINATUS Rothsch.,
b&Gad
Mintern Bros imp
( 43 )
THE BIRDS OF BATJAN.
By ERNST HARTERT.
HE beautiful, well-known island of Batjan, close to the southern peninsula of
the large island of Halmahera (or Gilolo) in the northern Moluccas, has
been rather well explored with regard to its ornithology. Mr. A. R. Wallace, the
celebrated author of the Malay Archipelago, was the first ornithologist to
collect birds on Batjan. Although birds from the Moluccas had reached Europe,
especially Holland, long ago, mostly from Ternate, or at least vz Ternate, in the
north, and from Amboina in the south, it séems that Batjan birds were unknown,
or else such a remarkable bird as Semioptera wallacei would have been known
before Wallace’s memorable visit to Batjan. Moreover, Wallace discovered not
only the Seméoptera, but a good number of other new species on Batjan. They
are mostly described by G. R. Gray in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society
of London, 1860. pp. 341—366,
About the same time Dr. Bernstein collected on Batjan, and his very extensive
collection is preserved in the Leyden Museum.
The yacht Marchesa visited Batjan in 1883, and a list of the collections made
on that island by Messrs. Powell and Guillemard is given in the Proceedings of the
Zoological Society 1885. pp. 561—576. There is also a list of the birds collected
by the naturalists of the Marchesa in Guillemard’s interesting book Cruise of the
Marchesa ; but that list is almost useless, as the islands whence the various species
came are not mentioned.
In 1882 and 1892 Dr. Platen collected on Batjan, and Mr. Nehrkorn has
presented us with a list of his birds, together with all the species known from that
island, in the Journal fir Ornithologie 1894. pp. 157—161. This list contains in
all 125 species known to have occurred on Batjan, but two or three require con-
firmation.* Recently Count Berlepsch enumerated the birds brought home from
Batjan by Prof. Kiikenthal, but they were only 35, of which only a few were of
special interest (162. Senchenb. Ges. xxv. 2. pp. 311—316).
Faunistically Batjan agrees with its larger sister island Halmahera ; but
although so near to the latter, some of the forms differ from the Halmaheran
ones, especially the Bird of Paradise, Semioptera wallace’, which is represented on
Halmahera by Semioptera wallacei halmaherae.
While neither Platen’s magnificent collections nor those of Guillemard and
Kiikenthal contained any novelties, the material sent recently to the Tring Museum
by Doherty and Waterstradt, especially the latter, has made us acquainted with
some interesting novelties, partly forms new to science, partly not hitherto known
to occur in the Moluccan archipelago. These discoveries are merely 4ne to the fact
that these collectors ascended the mountains in the interior. "oherty reached
elevations of 4000 ft., Waterstradt or his collectors those of 90 7900 ft. The
new forms found on these high mountains are (ef. Muscicup ¢ maculata wester-
manni, Muscicapula hyperythra pallidipectus, Cryptolopha eb tt waterstradti,
* In the Natuurkundig Tijdschr, voor Nederl.-Indié \ii,, Aflevering 171—252, Dr. A. G
Vorderman published an article “ Molukken-Vogels,” in which a number of | is avementioned.
(44)
Phyllergates everetti dumasi) mostly of Indo-Malayan affinities, and prove again
the existence of a formerly unknown Indo-Malayan element on the high mountains
of the Moluccas, which I mentioned as being found on Buru in Novrrares Zoo-
LocicakE VII. 1900. pp. 226, 238, 239.
The lowlands of the various Moluccan islands are now more or less well
known, but it is in the higher mountains that ornithologists can still make
interesting discoveries, and I hope to be able to record some more before long.
1. Spizaétus gurneyi (Gray).
Aquila (Heleropus ?) qurneyi G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 342. Pl. 169 (“ Batjan ”’).*
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen.
2. Cuncuma leucogaster (Gm.).
This widespread species occurs on the coasts of all the Moluccan islands, and
has been recorded from Batjan by Wallace.
3. Pandion haliaétus leucocephalus Gould.
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen.
4, Haliastur indus girrenera (Vieill.).
Batjan : Bernstein, Wallace, Kiikenthal.
(Mr. Dumas obtained it also on Morty).
5. Baza subcristata rufa Schleg.
(Cf. Noy. Zoou,. VIII. p. 379).
3, Batjan, August 1897, W. Doherty coll. Batjan: Bernstein, Wallace.
6. Tinnunculus moluccensis Bp.
Batjan: Bernstein, Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Guillemard, Vorderman,
Batjan : Doherty, Waterstradt, in Tring Museum.
“Tris yellow, feet ochreous, claws black, bill leaden-blue with black tip.”
d ad., Doherty.
(Morty : Bernstein; Dumas, in Mus. Tring.)
7. Astur henicogrammus Guay.
Astur henicogrummus Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860. p. 343 (‘Gilolo”’) (juv.).
Astur muelleri Wallace, P. Z. S. 1865. p. 475 (“ Gilolo”) (adult).
Batjan: Platen (4 juv.). Batjan: ? juv. in Mus. Tring, collected by
Waterstradt’s natives.
This species is, of course, utterly different from A. griseogularis, being much
smaller, deep bluish slate above, without a rafous collar, and having a totally
different young, barred also on the breast.
* There is in the British Mus am « specimen labelled “ Waigiu,” marked as the type of the species.
This cannot be correct. The bird vas described from Batjan, and no birds from Waigiu had at that time
reached England. he so-called types of Mr. Wallace were evidently marked as the types long after they
were described, but not at the time when described by Gray. They are not, therefore, absolutely reliable.
( 45 )
8. Astur griseogularis Gray.
Astur griseogularis G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 343 (“Batchian, Gilolo and Ternate” : typical
locality Batjan ; cf. Cat. B. i. p. 123).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal. In Mus. Tring: Platen, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
“Tris gelb, Schnabel schwarz, an der Warzel bliulich, Wachshant
gelberiin (¢) oder gelb (¢).” (Platen).
The young are barred on the abdomen, striped on the breast, thus differing
widely from those of A. henicogrammus. The adult birds are very variable, some
being heavily barred with whitish, others indistinctly barred or almost quite
uniform. From the specimens before me I conclude that the barred ones, which
have also a darker ground-colour, must be the less aged ones.
(Mr. Dumas sent several skins from Morty, where it was also obtained by
Wallace, and these—though much larger than A. g. ob/ensis—seem mostly a little
smaller.)
9, Astur soloensis (Horsf.).
Falco soloensis Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. 1821. p. 137 (Java).
Batjan: Wallace, (Morty: Bernstein, Dumas, in Mas. Tring).
10. Accipiter erythrauchen Gray.
Accipiter erythrauchen G,. R. Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860, p. 344 (“ Gilolo”’).
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen, Kitkenthal, Waterstradt.
11. Pisorhina manadensis leucospila (Gray).
Ephialtes leucospila G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 344 (“ Batjan and BH. Gilolo: original locality
Batjan ; cf. Cat. B. ii. p. 73, type in Brit. Mus.).
3 ad. and juv., Batjan: Waterstradt coll. Batjan: Platen.
12. Ninox rufostrigata (Gray).
Athene rufostrigata G. R. Gray, P. Z. 8S. 1860. p. 344 (“ Gilolo”).
Batjan: “¢” Waterstradt coll., August 1902. ‘“ ?” juv., September 1897,
W. Doherty coll.
“Tris yellow, feet whitish, claws black, bill bluish white, dark at tip” (W. D.).
13, Ninox hypogramma (Gray).
Athene hypogramma G. R. Gray, P. ZS. 1860, p. 344 (* Batjan and Gilolo”: typical locality
Batjan, being the first-mentioned one).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein. Batjan: 2 ad., August 1897, W. Doherty coll,
Batjan: 2¢d,1 ? ad., July August 1902, Waterstradt coll. The females seem to
be much larger.
14. Cacatua albus (Miill.).
Batjan: Bernstein, Wallace, Platen, Guillemard, Vorderman, Waterstradt.
15, Tanygnathus megalorhynchos (Bodd.).
Batjan : Bernstein, Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal,
( 46 )
16. Loriculus amabilis Wall.
Loriculus amabilis Wallace, Ibis 1862. p. 349 (Halmahera).
Batjan, according to Bernstein. It is strange that neither Wallace, Platen,
Kiikenthal, nor Doherty and Waterstradt have found it on Batjan !
17. Geoffroyus cyanicollis (S. Miill.).
Psittacus cyanicollis 8. Miill., Verh. Land-en Volkenk:. pp. 108. 182 (“ Gilolo””—not Celebes !).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Guillemard, Platen, Vorderman,
Kiikenthal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
18. Kelectus roratus (P. L. 8. Mill).
Batjan: Bernstein, Wallace, Guillemard, Platen, Vorderman, Kiikenthal,
Doherty, Waterstradt.
(Morty : Bernstein ; Dumas in Mus. Tring.)
19. Lorius garrulus flavopalliatus Salvad.
Lorius flavopalliatus Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. x. 1877. p. 33.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Doherty, Platen, Vorderman, Waterstradt.
(Morty : Bernstein, Wallace, Dumas.)
20, Kos riciniatus (Bechst.).
Psittacus riciniatus Bechstein, Kurze Uebers. p. 69 (1811) (“ Moluckische Inseln” ; I substitute
Ternate as the typical habitat).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Vorderman, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
21. Hypocharmosyna placentis (Temm.).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
“Tris orange-red, feet coral-red, claws grey ; bill, upper mandible vermilion,
lower mandible rose-colour.” (W. Doherty).
22. Cuculus saturatus Blyth.
Batjan : in Mus. Lugd. (Finseh, Notes Leyden Mus. xxiii. p. 103).
23. Cacomantis insperatus (Gould).
Batjan (common): Beceari, Bernstein (Mus. Leyden), Platen, Kiikenthal,
Doherty, Waterstradt. Thirteen specimens in the Tring Musenm. There is much
variation in these birds.
The underside is cinnamon-rufous, or partly suffused with grey, or almost
entirely ashy greyish ; the colour of the upperside is (in freshly moulted examples)
deeper, or (in worn specimens) paler.
The wing varies from 122—133 mm.
24. Misocalius palliolatus (Lath.).
Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. p. 92, is of opinion that the description of
n, d I 1 I
Latham’s Cuculus palliolatus is so bad that it cannot be accepted as the basis for
( 47 )
the specific name of our bird. In that case the name Misocalius osculans (Gould)
would have to be accepted).
Bernstein obtained this bird on Batjan, and the specimen is in the Leyden
Museum. Probably not resident, but only a straggler to the Moluccan Islands.
25. Surniculus musschenbroeki Mey.
Surniculus musschenbrocki A. B. Meyer, Rowley’s Orn. Miscell, iii. p. 164 (1878 : Batjan).
Dr. Meyer received this species direct from Batjan. It was also obtained
there by Platen and Kiikenthal, but neither Doherty nor Waterstradt found it.
26. Eudynamis honorata subsp. ?
Bernstein collected specimens of an Ludynamis on Batjan and Halmahera.
Salvadori refers these with some doubt to 2. orientalis ; Shelley refers a young
bird from Halmahera to 7. orientalis. Dr. Finsch (Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. p. 103)
refers the specimens from Batjan and Halmahera to 2. honorata. As this ornitho-
logist, however, does not separate /. honorata honorata, I). honorata malayana,
and FE. honorata mindanensis, and I have not been able to examine an adult
individual from the North Moluccas, I do not know to which form they belong,
but expect them to be separable as a new subspecies.
27. Scythrops novaehollandiae Lath.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Vorderman, Waterstradt.
28. Centropus goliath Bp.
Centropus goliath Bonaparte, Consp. Ar. i. p. 108 (1850: Halmahera, ex Forsten MS. in Mus.
Lugd.).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Guillemard, Vorderman, Platen,
Kiikenthal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
“Tris very deep brown (d 2), bill and feet black.” (W. Doherty.)
(Dumas obtained (. goliath also on Morty.)
29. Centropus javanicus (Dumont).
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen, Kiikenthal ; Doherty, ¢ ad., August 1897.
(Dumas obtained a young bird on Morty Island.)
30. Rhyticeros plicatus (Penn.).
Batjan: Wallace, Beccari, Guillemard, Platen, Kiikenthal, Vorderman,
Doherty.
31. Merops ornatus Lath.
Batjan: Finsch, Kiikenthal, Doherty (frequent in August 1897), Waterstradt
(Angust 1902).
In all the specimens before me from Batjan the black throat patch is largely
developed, the bills are not at all longer than in Australian specimens, nor is there
any other difference,
( 48 )
32. Alcedo ispida hispidoides Less.
Batjan: Bernstein, Waterstradt, Gnillemard, Platen.
33. Alcyone azurea affinis Gray.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Kiikenthal, Vorderman.
Dumas collected this species on Morty. (Cf. Nov. Zoor. 1901. p. 144.)
34. Alcyone pusilla (Temm.).
Batjan : Platen, one male.
35. Ceyx lepida uropygialis Gray.
[Ceyxr lepida Temm, PI, Col. 595. £. 1 (1835 : Amboina).]
Ceyx uropygialis G, R, Gray, P. Z.S. 1860. p- 348 (Batjan and es pal locality therefore
Batjan).
Ceyzx lepida uropygialis Hartert, Noy. Zoow. VIII. 1901. p. 97.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
36. Tanysiptera hydrocharis margarethae Heine.
[Tanysiplera hydrocharis Gray, P. Z. 8, 1858, pp. 172. 190 (“ Aru Islands ”).]
Tanysiptera margarethae Heine, J. f. O. 1859, p. 406 ( Angeblich von Neuguinea, wahrscheinlich aber
yon einer der benachbarten Inseln”’: I accept Batjan as the typical locality !).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard (Powell), Platen, Kiikenthal,
Doherty, Waterstradt.
“Tris very deep brown, feet pale olive-brownish, claws darker, bill scarlet.”
(W. Doherty).
(In Novirares Zootoaicar VIII. pp. 158—162 Mr. Rothschild and I gave a
review of the forms of this group of Tanysiptera. We there grouped ten forms as
subspecies of one species, calling them 7. dea dea, T. d. riedeli, T. d. ellioti,
T. d. rosseliana, T. d. margarethae, T. d. acis, T. d. obiensis, T. d. hydrocharis,
T. d. galatea, T. d. meyeri.
Authors having quoted the 12th edition of Linnaeus only, we did not compare
the 10th edition, but in doing so now I find that it is impossible to accept the
name dea. Linnaeus (ed. x. Syst. Nat. i. p. 116, 1758) names merely Edwards’
“ Swallow-tailed Kingfisher” (Pl. X.), which is no Kingfisher, but one of the
Galbulidae. In the 12th edition the diagnosis of the Galbula is repeated, but
instead of quoting Edwards, Linnaeus quotes Seba and Brisson, who, under the
name of “ Aris paradisiaca ternatana” and “ Ispida ternatana” have described
the form of Zanysiptera inhabiting Amboina and Ceram, which they wrongly
attributed to the island of Ternate, and which is now—ef. Salvadori, Orn. Pap. i.
p- 436; Sharpe, Cat. B. xvii. p. 310—known as Tanysiptera dea. It is, never-
theless, quite impossible to accept the name dea. Tirst of all we now begin our
nomenclature 1758 (10th edition of Linnaeus), and in 1758 “ Alcedo dea” refers
to Edwards’ Pl. X., which is a Galbula, Seba being quoted merely as a doubtful
synonym. In 1766 (12th edition of Linnaeus i. p. 181) the same diagnosis
“ A. rectricibus duabns longissimis medio attenuatis, corpore nigro-caerulescente,
alis virescentibus”) is repeated, with the locality Surinam, though the original,
from which the diagnosis and locality are taken—7.c. Edwards’ Pl. X.—is omitted,
( 49 )
and instead Seba’s aud Brisson’s Kingfisher is most erroneously added as a
synonym. How it was possible to identify Edwards’ and Seba’s figures as the
same bird is unexplainable; bat Linnaeus committed several similar atrocities,
and his carelessness cannot induce us to accept his name “ dea” for the Amboinese
Kingfisher. This group of Zanysiptera should have the following nomenclature :—
a. Tanysiptera hydrocharis nais Gray.
Tanysiptera nuis Gray, P. Z.S. 1860. p. 346. “ Amboyna,” type in coll. Wallace. (In the British
Museum—cf. Caf. B. xvii. p. 311—a skin from Ceram is marked as the “ type of species”
—should have been said type of 7. nuis—but this of course is an error, committed when
Wallace’s birds were labelled afterwards.)
Tanysipteru dea dea Nov. Zoo. 1901. p. 158.
Hab. Amboina, Ceram, Manawoka, Goram, Boeno, Manipa.
b. Tanysiptera hydrocharis riedeli Verr.
Tanysiptera rviedeli Verreaux, Nouv, Arch. Mus. Bull. ii. p. 11. Pl. II (Mysori).
Tanysiptera dea riedeli Noy. Zoou, 1901. p, 158.
Hab. Biak and Korrido (Schouten Islands or Misori) in Geelvink Bay.
ce. Tanysiptera hydrocharis ellioti Sharpe.
Tanysiptera ellioti Sharpe, P. Z.S. 1869. p. 630. (Locality doubtful: hitherto only known from
Koffiao.)
Tanysiptera dea ellioti Nov. Zoou, 1901. p. 159.
Hab. Koftiao, near Mysol.
d. Tanysiptera hydrocharis rosseliana Tristv.
Tanysiptera rosseliana Tristram, Ibis 1889, p. 557 (Rossel Island).
Tanysiptera dea rosseliana Noy. Zoou. 1901. p. 159.
Hah. Rossel Island, Louisiade group.
e. Tanysiptera hydrocharis margarethae Heine.
Tanysiptera Margarethae Heine, J. f. O. 1859. p. 406 (no exact locality: I substitute Batjan !).
Tanysiptera dea margarethae Noy. Zoou. 1901. p. 159.
Hab. Northern Moluccas: Batjan, Halmahera, and Morty.
f. Tanysiptera hydrocharis acis Wall.
Tanysiptera acis Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863. pp. 25. 24 (Buru).
Tanysiptera dea acis Nov. Zoo. 1901. p. 160.
Hab. Burn.
g. Tanysiptera hydrocharis obiensis Salvad.
Tanysiptera obiensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova x. p. 302 (1877 : Obi).
Tanysiptera dea obiensis Noy. Zoou, 1901. p. 160.
Hab. Obi Islands, Central Moluccas. *
h. Tanysiptera hydrocharis hydrocharis Gray.
Tanysiptera hydrocharis Gray, P. Z. 8. 1858. pp. 172. 190 (Aru Islands).
Tanysiptera dea hydrocharis Nov. Zoor. 1901. p. 160.
Hab. Aru Islands.
( 50 )
?. Tanysiptera hydrocharis galatea Gray.
Tanysiptera galatea Gray, P. Z, S. 1859. p. 154 (New Guinea).
Tanysiptera dea galatea Noy, Zoo. 1901. p. 160.
Hab. All over New Guinea (as far as explored), with the exception of the
northern coast from Takar to Astrolabe Bay, and Waigiu and Salwatty.
j. Tanysiptera hydrocharis meyeri Salvad.
Tanysiptera meyeri Salvadori, Agg. Orn. Pap. i. p. 54 (1889: hab. ia Nova Guinea, prope Kafu).
Tanysiptera dea meyeri Noy. Zoo. 1901. p. 161.
Hab. Northern New Guinea from Takar and Kafu to the Astrolabe Bay.
37. Halycon diops (Temm.).
Aleedo diops Temm., Pl. Col. 272 (1824: “Amboina, Timor et Celébes ”—errore! Typus ex
Ternate in Mus. Ludg., cf. Schleg., IJus. Pays-Bas, Alcedines p. 41,
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Guillemard, Platen, Vorderman, Kiiken-
thal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
38. Halcyon saurophaga Gould.
Halcyon saurophaga Gould, P. ZS. 1843. p. 103 (New Guinea).
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen, Doherty.
39. Halycon chloris (Bodd.).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Waterstradt.
40. Halcyon sanctus Vig. & Horsf.
Batjan : One specimen from Waterstradt in Mus. Tring.
41. Eurystomus orientalis australis Swains.
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Kiikeuthal, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
42. Eurystomus azureus Gray.
Burystomus azureus G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 346 (Batjan, type in Brit. Mus.).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, the latter’s single specimen (LP. Z. S.
1885. p. 569) now in the Tring Museum.
The bill is “bright coral red” in the adult bird; the figure on Pl. IIL,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvii., is that of a young bird, but there is a good plate of the
adult bird in Dresser’s monograph of the Coraciidae.
43. Aegotheles crinifrons (Bp.).
Batrachostomus crinifrons Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 57 (1850: no locality! Typical locality
Halmahera, the type specimen in the Leyden Museum being labelled Halmahera).
Batjan: Wallace.
3 Batjan, August 1897. “Iris deep brown, feet pale flesh-colour, bill above
brownish, below pale flesh-colour” (W. Doherty). This specimen differs very
much from the specimens described by Salvadori (Orn. Pap. i. p. 521) and by me
(Cat. B, xvi. p. 646, and Tierreich, Lief. 1. p. 10) in detail. It is above brownish
( 51 )
black, finely vermiculated with reddish brown, quills deep brown, outer webs with
pale rufons-brown spots, tail dusky with pale reddish brown and blackish cross-
bars ; the underside is salmon-buff, each feather with two or three blackish shaft-
spots, here and there vermiculated with blackish. I think this must be an adult
male, the adult, females and young being rufous-cinnamon, as described / /.c.c.
As this species was hitherto unknown in a brown phase (whether they are all
females and immature birds, or whether the adult bird is dimorphic, occurring in a
red and in a brown plumage), this specimen obtained by Doherty is of great interest.
Aegotheles crinifrons differs widely from Ae. insignis (Arfak, New Guinea),
principally in the entire absence of round whitish spots on the back, in the buff, not
whitish patches on the underside. Ae. crinifrons is only known from Halmahera
and Batjan, de. insignis from a single specimen from Arfak, New Guinea (cf. [dis
1896. p. 375. Pl. VI.). Ae. pulcher Hartert (Bull. B. O. Club viii. p. viii. October
1898) is the representative of Ae. insignis in the mountains of British New Guinea.
It is larger, and differs in some details of markings, but should probably only be
a subspecies. It would be most interesting to find a brown “ phase” of Ae. insignis
and de. pulcher, as we now know it to occur in Ae. crinifrons.
44. Macropteryx mystacea (Less.).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Guillemard, Platen, Doherty.
45. Collocalia esculenta (L.).
Batjan: Wallace.
46. Hirundo rustica gutturalis Scop. (Migrant).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen. (Doubtless as a winter visitor only.)
47. Hirundo javanica Sparrm.
Batjan : Bernstein, in Mus. Lugd.
48. Monarcha inornata (Garnot).
Muscicapa inornata, Garnot, Voy. Cog. Atl. Pl. XVI. fig. 2 (1826), text i. 2. p. 591 (1828: Dorey,
New Guinea).
Batjan- teste Finsch.
49. Monarcha bimaculata Gray.
Monarcha bimacwata G. R. Gray, P. Z. S, 1860, p. 352 (* Batchian and Gilolo”—typ. loc.
_ Batjan, types in Brit. Mus.).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty, Vorderman, Waterstradt.
The latter two gentlemen sent a large series each. Among Doherty’s specimens
many are in. the plumage of the supposed adult male, marked by Doherty as
Jemales, and with the following note: “The sex-colouring seems reversed in this
species.” It is hardly probable that such a careful naturalist as Doherty made
a mistake, as he deliberately called attention to the phenomenon; but some of the
specimens, which are exactly like those marked es females, being marked as males,
it is probable that the adult males and females are alike, those with a black throat
(formerly supposed to be females) being young.
There can be no doubt whatever that “ Piezorhynchus morotensis” * is the same
* Cat. B. Brit, Mus, iv. p. 423.
( 52 )
as bimaculata. Not only oceur both forms, #.e. the one with the orange-rusty
breast and the one with the white breast, on Morty Island, but also on Batjan and
Halmahera, and we find every intergradation between the two. Moreover, exactly
the same variation ocenrs in the allied Monarcha bernsteini on Obi.
50. Monarcha chalybeocephalus nitens (Gray).
IL have already (eide supra in the article on the Birds of Obi) described the
various races of J. chalybeocephalus. The form nitens was first described from
Batjan, where it is common: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Doherty.
Mr. Dumas obtained it also on Morty.
51. Rhipidura tricolor (Vieill.).
Muscicapa tricolor Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. d Hist. Nat. xxi. p. 430 (1878 : “ Timor ”—errore ! ex coll.
Maugé. I accept New Ireland, the typical locality for J/. melaleuca, as the typical habitat).
Batjan: Wallace, Guillemard, Platen, Doherty. (Also obtained on Morty by
Dumas.)
Though it has become customary to regard all the black and white “ Sawlo-
proctae” trom the Moluceas to Australia as belonging to one form, this is obviously
wrong, if a large series is laid out and Jooked at. It strikes at once even the casual
observer that those from Australia have smaller bills, and such is indeed the case.
While I am not able to make any divisions between those from the Solomons, New
Britain, New Ireland, and New Guinea to the Moluccas, I must separate the
Australian form, which has to bear the name
Rhipidura tricolor motacilloides Vig. & Horst.
(Rhipidura motacilloides Vig. & Horsf., Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 248. 1826: type
St. George R., Australia), as it differs constantly and strikingly by its smaller bill.
In general its dimensions are slightly less all round, but nothing is so evident and
constant as the smaller bill.
52. Muscicapa griseisticta Swinh.
Batjan: teste Finsch. (Morty : Dumas coll.)
53. Muscicapula maculata westermanni Sharpe.
Two adult males were obtained on Batjan, between 5000 and 7000 ft. high, in
June and July 1902, by Mr, Waterstradt. This species was hitherto only known to
“extend eastwards as far as Celebes. Its occurrence in the Moluccan Islands extends
its area considerably. It is doubtless only found on the high mountains.
54. Muscicapula hyperythra pallidipectus subsp. nov.
Muscicapula M.h. hyperythra dictae persimilis, 3 differt gula pectoreque palli-
dioribus, hypochondriis olivascentioribus, 2 supra obscuriore, schistaceo tincta, gula
abdomineqne pallidioribus, hypochondriis olivascentioribus.
Mr. John Waterstradt sent a large series of a Muscicapula, obtained on the
mountains of Batjan, between 5000 and 7000 ft. high. These birds at a glance
closely resemble the well-known J/. hyperythra, of which I have a large series for
comparison, but differ as follows: The made has the throat and breast paler orange-
rufous, the abdomen distinctly more whitish, the flanks darker, more olivaccous.
( 53 )
The female is similar to that of Mf hyperythra hyperythra, but the upperside is
darker, tinged with slate-colour, the throat and abdomen more whitish, flanks
darker, more olivaceous. The dimensions are the same as in MW. 4. hyperythra.
Mr. Waterstradt found also the young, just fledged. They are blackish above,
spotted with orange-buff like a young robin, below buff with blackish bases and edges
to most of the feathers. y
Type: ¢ ad., Batjan, 5000—7000 ft., July 1902, John Waterstradt coll.
No. “B. 478.”
William Doherty sent one female, obtained at an elevation of 4000 ft.
The discovery of this little Flycatcher on the mountains of Batjan is of
considerable interest. It shows again that there is an Indo-Malayan element on
the high ranges of the Moluccas.
Muscicapula luzoniensis and M. nigrorum from the Philippines (the males of
which are hardly separable from each other) differ in the absence of the black chin,
which is rather well developed in pallidipectus, and have less white above the lores.
55. Rhipidura torrida Wall.
Rhipidura torrida Wallace, P. Z. 8. 1865. p. 477. Pl. XXVIII. (Ternate).
Obtained by Doherty and Waterstradt on Batjan. This Riipidura differs
from Rh. rufifrons of Australia in the much deeper brown colour of the head and
back, and also darker cinnamon rump and base of tail, and much shorter wing.
3 ad., Batjan, 2000 ft. “Iris deep brown; feet blackish ; bill blackish,
nostrils pale, base of lower mandible whitish ” (W. Doherty).
56. Myiagra galeata Gray.
Myiagra galeata G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 352 (Batjan).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Doherty. Doherty sent six females
from Batjan. Dumas obtained it on Morty.
57. Cryptolopha everetti.waterstradti Hart.
Cryptolopha everetti waterstradti Hartert, antea p. 9 (Typ. loc. Batjan).
Mr. Waterstradt sent a good series from elevations between 5000 and 7000 ft.
I have described this form as above in my article on the Obi birds, Waterstradt
having also obtained it on Obi Major.
- 58. Graucalus magnirostris Bp.
Graucalus magnirostris Bonaparte (ex Forsten MS., Mus. Ludg.), Consp, Av. i. p, 354 (1850:
Gilolo).
Batjan : Bernstein, Kitkenthal, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
3: “Tris dark brown, bill and feet black ” (W. Doherty).
(The statement of the occurrence of G. magnirostris on Waigiu by Guillemard,
P. Z. S. 1885. p. 633, is doubtless due to a mistake in labelling. We have a skin
of Lycocorax pyrrhopterus labelled as coming from Obi !).
59. Graucalus papuensis melanolora (Gray).
Batjan : Wallace, Beccari, Platen, Vorderman, Doherty, Waterstradt. “ Iris
deep brown, bill and feet black” (W. Doherty).
( 54 )
60. Edoliisoma melanotis (Gray).
Campephaga melanotis G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 353 (Batjan and E. Gilolo, Wallace coll.
Typical locality, Batjan, this being the first-named island). (Sharpe and Salvadori—ef. Cut.
B. iv. p. 353; Salvad., Orn. Pap. ii. p. 156—have rejected the name me/anotis on account of
the existence of a Graucalus melanotis Gould, P. Z. S. 1837. p. 143, which was afterwards,
hy Gray, Gen. B. i. p. 283, placed in the genus Campephaga, This unfortunate Graucalus
melanotis being a synonym of Graucalus melunops Lath., and thus belonging to a different
genus, Gravealus, there is not the slightest reason to reject the name melanotis for the
Edoliisoma of the northern Moluccas).
Common: Wallace, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt. ¢9: “Iris deep brown,
feet black, bill black, the latter more slaty in the female” (W. Doherty).
There is a great variation in the young birds, some on the under surface
moulting from a rufous-brown, others from a pale buff colour, to the slaty dress
of the adult male. A female from Morty (Dumas coll.) has rather wide black
cross-bars.
61. Lalage aureus (Temm.).
Ceblephyris aureus Temm., Pl. Col. 382 (1825 : “Timor ”—errore! This species does not inhabit
Timor nor—cf. Miill, Land-en Volkenkunde p, 190—Celebes! Reinwardt has collected the
type, and it must have come from the Moluccas. I substitute as the original locality : Ternate).
Batjan : Wallace, Platen, Doherty (large series).
62. Artamus leucorhynchos (L.).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
(Dumas sent it from Morty.)
63. Dicrurus atrocaeruleus Gray.
Dierurus atrocaeruleus G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 354 (“ Batchian and E. Gilolo.” Typical
locality therefore : Batjan).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
Two Morty specimens, sex unknown, collected by Dumas, are considerably
smaller. If this is shown to be constant in a larger number of specimens, then the
Morty form must be separated as a new subspecies.
64. Pachycephala mentalis Wall.
Pachycephala mentalis Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863. p. 30 (Typical locality: Batjan).
Common on Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty (large series),
Waterstradt.
65, Pachycephala cinerascens Salvad.*
Pachycephala cinerascens Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. 1878. p. 332 (Typical locality :
Ternate).
This interesting little Pachycephala, described from Ternate, and also known
from Tidore and Morty, was found by Doherty plentiful on the hills of Batjan,
from 2000 to 4000 ft. elevation. The adult is darker ashy above, the upper breast
* Dr. Guillemard (P. Z, 8, 1885. p. 571) mentions as coming from Batjan a specimen of Collwricincla
megarhyncha, but himself doubts the accuracy of the locality. There can be no doubt that a wrong label
got attached to that specimen, as in the case of a Graucalus nagnirostris (vide antea No. 58), and in that
of a Lycocorax pyrrhopterus in the Tring Museum, which is erroneously labelled as having been collected
on Obi. (Cf, Salvadori, Zbis 1886, p. 154.)
( 55)
is dark grey, throat and abdomen paler, whitish grey. The female, and apparently
also the immature male, is somewhat, but not much, paler above ; the under surface
is more uniform, pale grey with a rufescent wash ; throat, breast, and sides with
narrow deep ashy shaft-lines. Doherty described the iris as deep brown, the bill
and feet as black.
Doherty sent ten specimens. Waterstradt, though the majority of his birds
were taken in the mountains, did not send this rare species.
66. Cinnyris auriceps (Gray).*
Nectarinia auriceps G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 348 (“Batchian and Ternate,”’ in British
Museum, typical locality Batjan).
Cinnyris morotensis Shelley, Mon. Nectar. p. 101. Pl. 34. fig. 2 (1877 : Morty).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty (large
series), Waterstradt.
Damas sent typical C. auriceps from Morty. Shelley’s “Cinnyris morotensis”
does not represent a local subspecies, but only an aberration. If large series of
these birds are examined, variations like Shelley’s “ C. morotensis”’ from the
ordinary type will be frequently found. We have a specimen approaching it, others
are in the Turati collection, and, though their locality is uncertain, there is no
reason to suppose that they are from Morty, since our Morty examples are not
distinguishable from those from Ternate and Batjan. Among C. proserpina and
C. christinae I find similar and almost more striking variations, and it is therefore
evident that C. morotensis is only referring to an aberrant C. auriceps.
67. Cinnyris frenata (S. Miill.).
Nectarinia frenata S. Miller, Land-en Volkenkunde p. 173 (1843: W. coast of New Guinea),
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
(Dumas sent several specimens from Morty.)
68. Dicaeum schistaceiceps Gray.
Dicaewm schistaceiceps G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 349 (“ Batchian and E. Gilolo”—typical
locality Batjan, type in British Museum).
Batjan : Wallace, Doherty, Waterstradt, low country.
(Mr. Dumas sent a pair from Morty. They are apparently duller, without so
much of a golden tinge on the rump, and also duller, less golden, on the flanks.
A larger series would probably show that the Morty birds are subspecitically
separable.)
69. Myzomela simplex Gray.
Myzomela simplee G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 349 (Batjan, Gilolo: typ. loc. Batjan).
Batjan : Wallace, Doherty, Waterstradt. No elevation is marked on Water-
stradt’s labels, but Doherty got this species only at heights of 4000 ft. The
Jemale, though apparently not different in colour from the male, is very much
smaller, Males have the wing 64—66, females only 56—58 mm. long.
Dumas sent a specimen, evidently a male, from Morty, which differs from our
series of ten M/. simplex from Batjan in having a darker, sooty-brown throat and
* The alleged occurrence on Waigiu (Nehrkorn, J. /. 0, 1885. p, 33) is due to an inadvertent mistake,
Of, Salvad., 7bis 1886, p. 152,
( 56 )
a narrow rosy-red band across the chest. In JL simplex simplex there are some-
times light reddish edges to some of the chest-feathers, but they are paler and less
conspicuous than in this Morty bird. The abdomen and back of the Morty bird are
also somewhat darker, more washed with soot-colour. Size like that of males of
M. simplex simplex : wing 63 mm. I propose to eall the Morty form
Myzomela simplex mortyana subsp. nov.
Type of Myzomela simplex mortyana : No, M. 59, Morty Island, Dumas coll.,
in Mus. Rothschild.
(Presumably an adult male, but sex not marked by the collector.)
70. Myzomela batjanensis sp. nov.
3 ad. Myzomela capite, collo, tergo medio, uropygio, supracandalibus rubris ;
loris macula nigra; alis nigris, remigum tectricumque majornm pogoniis externis
flavidis, remigum pogoniis internis albo marginatis ; pectore olivascente ; abdomine
albescente, olivaceo tincto ; subcandalibus olivaceis, flavescente marginatis; cauda
nigra ; subalaribus albis. Al. 57—58, cand. 88—40, rostr. 13} —14, tars. 14—15 mm,
3 juv. Notaco olivaceo-brunneo, uropygio subcandalibusque rubro interspersis ;
fronte, mento, regione malari rubris ; gastraeo pallide flavescente, jugulo pectoreque
cinereo tinctis.
Hab. In montibus insulae Batjan dictae.
This new form of the beautifnl genus Myzomela is above coloured like
M. chloroptera, M. sanguinolenta, M. boiei, and it will probably be best to consider
these all as subspecies of one form; but I cannot conclude about this without a
closer study than I can at present afford.
The most similar form to my MM. batjanensis is M. chloroptera of Celebes; but
the latter is easily distinguished by the greater extension of the red below, where
it covers the entire chest, and the red of MW. chloroptera is not quite so deep. From
MM. boiei the new form differs by the absence of the black antepectoral band, and
by the better development of the yellowish edges to the outer webs of the quills.
From J. sanguinolenta it likewise differs by the lesser extent of the red underneath,
only the throat being red, while I/. sanguinolenta has the whole breast overspread
with red, also the abdomen much more whitish.
Mr. Waterstradt found M. datjanensis only on the mountains between 5000 and
7000 ft. Doherty did not come across it.
Type of MW. batjanensis: 3 ad., Batjan, June 1902, 5000—7000 ft. above the
sea, No. “ B. 579” Waterstradt coll., in Mus. Rothschild.
71. ? Philemon fuscicapillus (Wall.).
According to Finsch (Newguinea p. 165) and Gray’s Handlist this species
occurs on Batjan, but as apparently no collector has yet found it there, these
statements require confirmation.
72. Melitograis gilolensis (Bp.).
Tropiderhynchus gilolensis Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 349 (1850: Gilolo = Halmahera, descriptio
pessima).
Batjan : Wallace, Guillemard, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt. Waterstradt’s
birds are partly marked “5000—7000 ft.,”’ while Doherty stated no elevation,
consequently he must have got them in the lowlands,
a
( 57 )
(We have also a specimen shot on Morty by Dumas. It agrees perfectly
with MZ. gilolensis, but is very small—wing only 97 mm. It is probably a
Female.)
73. Zosterops atriceps Gray.
Zosterops atriceps G. R. Gray, P. ZS. 1860. p. 350 (Batjan),
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty, Waterstradt, low country.
“Tris deep brown, feet pale leaden grey (flesh-colour, tinged with purplish),
bill black, basal half of lower mandible yellow ” (W. Doherty).
74. Zosterops obstinatus Hart.
Zosterops obstinatus Hartert, Nov. Zoou. 1900. p. 238 (Batjan and Ternate, type from Batjan).
This form is nearest to Z. burwensis, from which it differs in the obvionsly
more greenish, less golden olive, colour of the upper surface and edges to the
quills, by the ear-coverts being green, of the same colour as the back, not darker
and not tinged with brown, by the smaller loral black spot, and generally smaller
dimensions.
Wing 57—60, in one 62 mm. Evidently the larger examples are males.
The Buru birds have the wing from 58 (2) to 62 and 64 mm. (¢).
A larger series from Ternate must be studied to make sure that the Ternate
form is exactly the same as Z. odstinatus from Batjan. 7. obstinatus is a mountain
form. Doherty found it on Batjan 4000 ft. high, on Ternate from 3000 to 4000.
Waterstradt sent a large series from Batjan, obtained at elevations estimated to be
between 5000 and 7000 ft.
75. Criniger chloris Finsch.
Criniger chloris Finsch, J. f, O. 1867. pp. 12, 36 (“ Halmahera, typus, auch auf Batjan und Morotai’’).
Batjan: Wallace, Bruijn, Kiikenthal, Platen, Vorderman, Doherty, Water-
stradt. Specimens from Halmahera and Morty (Dumas coll.) cannot be separated.
76. Pitta rufiventris (Heine).*
Coloburis rufiventris Heine, J. f. O. 1859. p. 406 (loc. ignot. I substitute Batjan as the typical
habitat).
Batjan: Wallace, Guillemard, Kiikenthal, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
Count Berlepsch’s notion (Abi. Senchkenb. Ges. xxv. 2. p. 313) that examples
from Batjan had apparently a lighter red abdomen than Halmahera ones is not
in the least confirmed by our series, and can only haye been conceived from
somewhat faded examples.
77. Acrocephalus orientalis (Temm. & Schleg.) (Migrant !)
Batjan: Wallace.
* Dr. Vorderman (Natwurk. Tijdschr. voor Nederl. Indié Wiii. 2. p. 225. 1898) mentions having
received a specimen of Pitta maxima from Batjan. Though it is possible that a specimen may fly over
occasionally from the near Halmahera, we have been informed by various collectors that Pitta maxima,
though common on Halmahera, does not occur on Batjan, and we may therefore safely presume that
Prince Oesman, who sent some skins from Batjan to Dr. Vorderman after his departure from that island,
added this beautiful Pitta to the collection, but that it was brought over from Halmahera, and not
actually shot on Batjan,
( 58 )
7S. Locustella fasciolatus (Gray) (Migrant).
Acrocephalus fascivlatus G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 349 (Batjan !)
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Waterstradt, ¢ ad., 4. v. 1899.
Also obtained on Morty (1 ad. and 2 juv.) by Dumas. (A migrant, winter
visitor, from Northern Asia.)
79. Phylloscopus borealis (Blas.) (Migrant).
Batjan : Wallace, Platen, Doherty. (Migrant from Northern Asia.)
80. Phyllergates everetti dumasi Hart. (an subsp. nov. ?)
Phyllergates everetti dumasi Hartert, Bull. B. O. Club viii. p. 31 (1899: Buru),
Two specimens obtained by Waterstradt’s men on the mountains of Batjan,
between 5000 and 7000 ft. above the sea, seem to be the same as P. ¢. dumasi from
the mountains of Buru. The hindneck and ear-coverts appear to be rather slaty-
greyish, and the lores rather dusky, but the two specimens are not very well
prepared, and the evidence insufficient to found a new subspecies. In any case,
whether true dwmasi or not, the occurrence of the genus Phyllergates on the
mountains of a second island in the Moluccas is of considerable interest. (Cf. Nov.
Zoo. 1900, p. 238.)
81. Motacilla boarula melanope Pall. (Migrant.)
Batjan: Meyer, Platen.
82. Motacilla flava L. (Migrant).
Batjan, ay. jr., Platen. (Nehrkorn, J. /. O. 1894. p. 159.)
83. Anthus gustavi Swinh. (Migrant).
Batjan: Wallace, Guillemard.
84. Munia molucca (L.).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty.
85. Erythrura trichroa modesta Wall.
[Pringilla trichroa Kittlitz, Mém. Acad. Petersb. ii. p. 8. Pl. X (1835 : Kushai).]
Erythrura modesta Wallace, P. Z. S. 1862. p. 351 (Ternate).
Erythrura trichroa modesta Rothsch. & Hart., Nov. Zoow, 1900. p. 6.
Batjan: Finsch, native collections.
86. Sturnia violacea (Bodd.) (Migrant).
One specimen was obtained by Wallace on Batjan, but nobody else has found
it ugain in the Moluccan archipelago.
87. Calornis metallicus (Temm.)
Lamprotornis metallicus Temm., Pl. Col. 266 (1824: Amboina).
Batjan : Wallace, Waterstradt (juv.).
( 59 )
88. Calornis obscura (Bp.)
Lamprotornis obscura Bonaparte (ex Forsten MS. in Mus. Lugd.), Consp. Av. i. p. 417 (1850:
Gilolo).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Vorderman, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
89. Corvus validus Bp.
(Antea p. 14)
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Kiikenthal, Waterstradt (2).
(Dumas obtained a specimen on Morty.)
It is strange that nobody came across (. ov7u on Batjan, though on Morty
both C. orru and validus were found.
90. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus (Bp.).
Corvus pyrrhopterus Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 384 (1850: Gilolo).
The first collector to obtain this bird on Batjan was Dr. Platen. Dr.
Vorderman shot two himself on Batjan. Doherty obtained a fine series of eight
examples, and a few were shot by Waterstradt’s hunters. There is no difference
between the males and females, though some of the birds sexed “ ? ” are smaller
than those marked “ 3.” Doherty marked the iris in the male as “ deep crimson,”
in the female as “dull crimson” ; bill and feet black in both sexes.
91. Semioptera wallacii Gould.
Paradisea wallacii Gray, P. Z. S, 1859. p. 130 (deser. nulla !)
Semioplera wallacii Gould, B, Austr. Suppl. Pl. IIL. (1859) and text. (Deser. princeps.)
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Guillemard, Vorderman, Platen, Kiiken-
thal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
Doherty sent many specimens from the month of August 1897. They were then
in full plumage, though more or less worn. Some young birds had already begun
to moult into the plumage of the adults. Doherty marked the bare parts as follows :
3 ad.: “Iris deep brown, feet orange and orange-red, bill pale brownish.”
?: “Tris deep chestnut, feet bright orange-ochreous, bill purplish grey, brownish
at base.
Semioptera wallacii halmaherae Salvad. is easily distinguished by the darker
back and crown in both sexes, longer green elongated pectoral plumes, and darker
green abdomen.
3 92. Ptilinopus superba (Temm.).
3atjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Kitkenthal, Doherty, Waterstradt.
93, Ptilinopus monacha (Reinw.).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty.
(On p. 160, J. f O. 1894, Mr. Nehrkorn quotes a male of Ptilopus nanus as
haying occurred on Batjan. The author informed me (in litt.) that this is an error,
and most kindly sent the specimen for my inspection. It is a female (correctly
sexed) obtained by Platen on Waigin in January 1884. It agrees perfectly with
Jemales from New Guinea, but is much smaller. A series might show that Waigiu
has a smaller form than Papua.)
( 60 )
94. Ptilinopus hyogastra (Reinw.)
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
95. Megaloprepia formosa Gray.
Carpophapa (Megaloprepia) formosa G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 360 (E. Gilolo).
Batjan: Bernstein, Doherty, Waterstradt.
Evidently a bird of the mountains. Wallace and Platen did not come across it
on Batjan; Doherty got a single specimen, but Waterstradt sent a fine series from
the mountains between 5000 and 7000 ft.
96 Carpophaga perspicillata (Temm.).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty.
97. Carpophaga basilica (Bp.).
Ducula basilica Bonaparte, Consp, Ar. ii. p. 35 (1854, ex Temminck & Sundevall, MS., hab.
Gilolo).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Platen, Kiikenthal, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
98. Myristicivora bicolor (Scop.).
3 ad., Batjan, August 1897, W. Doherty coll.
This specimen, with outer primaries in moult, is a typical J. bicolor. In Nov.
Zoou. 1901. p. 116, Mr. Rothschild and I recorded also a young d, collected by
Dr, Platen in Batjan, but erroneously, the specimen of Platen being a young
M. melanura.
99. Myristicivora melanura Gray.
Carpophaga (Myristicivora) melanura G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1860. p. 361 (“‘ Batchian and Gilolo,”
type in Brit. Mus. ex Batjan).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Waterstradt.
The ¢ juv., collected on Batjan 30. ii. 1893 by Dr. C. Platen, is a young
M. melanura, as quite correctly recorded by Nehrkorn, J./. O. 1894. p.160. In the
young melanura the outer rectrices are differently coloured than in the adult ; the
black is less intense, the white is less sharply separated and reaches farther towards
the tip, the black patches on the vent are less developed. ‘These peculiarities
probably caused our erroneously recording Platen’s bird as MM. bicolor.
100. Columba albertisii exsul subsp. nov.
Mr. Waterstradt sent three specimens, one marked “ 3,” the other two marked
“ 9,”* of a Pigeon most closely allied to Columba albertisi,t but evidently with
a slate-coloured instead of dark chestnut upper throat, darker slate-coloured crown
and hindneck, longer wing, and perhaps darker breast. Unfortunately all three
examples from Batjan are perhaps females or immature and more or less in moult,
* It is, however, probable that all three are females, and I believe that adult females of C. albertistt
resemble the young.
+ Gymnophaps albertisii Salyad,, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vi. p. 86 (1874: New Guinea); Gymnophaps
albertisii auct. ; Columba albertisii Rothsch, & Hart., Nov. Zoon, 1901. p, 117,
( 61 )
and the young typical aldertisi? (? and females) having a slaty throat and
being darker and clouded with grey underneath, these Batjan specimens closely
resemble young typical addertisii. The young C. albertisti albertisii, however,
haye a rufous forehead, which is only to be seen in one of the Batjan specimens.
Nevertheless, the fresh sprouting feathers on the upper throat being dark slate,
I am convinced that they are always, throughout all ages, slate-colonred. The
wings also are very long, though partly in moult, and the crown and hindneck to
the interscapulium are conspicuously darker. Wings 216—220 mm. The greater
size is the more remarkable, as we have probably no adult male yet from Batjan,
and females of typical albertisii are smaller than males.
One of the Batjan examples is marked as having been shot 3000 ft. above the
sea. The others have no elevation marked on the labels, and should therefore, if
the labelling is done with care, have come from the lowlands.
The island of Batjan is, of course, quite out of the range of Columba
(Gymnophaps) albertisii, which is only known from New Guinea (Papua) itself.
Therefore (unless we believe that it has been introduced by Malays) the entirely
new habitat alone should suggest that the Batjan race is different. In view of the
occurrence of Columba mada Hart. on Buru (cf. Bull. B. O. Club viii. p. 33 and
Noy. Zoou. 1900. p. 241), the existence of another Columba still nearer albertisti on
the Moluccas is not quite so surprising.
Type of Columba albertisti exsul: “?” Batjan, June 1902, 3000 ft., No. B. 231,
Waterstradt coll., in Mus. Rothschild, Tring.
101. Columba halmaheira (Bp.).
Jonthaenas albigularis (nomen nudum, descr. nulla!) Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. xxxix, p. 1105, 1854.
Janthaenas halmaheira Bonaparte, Consp, Av. ii. p. 44 (1854: Gilolo, Ceram. Typical locality
therefore Gilolo = Halmahera).
(It is incomprehensible to me that the name alsigularis, published without an
attempt at a description, could become generally accepted for this pigeon. In the
Consp. Av. p. 44, Bonaparte names this bird J. halmaheira, and gives a sufficient
diagnosis, mentioning that it is the Carpophaga albiqularis Temm. nec Gray (sie)
in Mus. Lugdun.)
Dr. Platen obtained this species on Batjan, where it seems to be rare (Nehrkorn,
J. f. O. 1894. p. 160).
102. Reinwardtoena reinwardtsi (Temm.).
(CE. Noy. Zoo. 1900. p. 241, 1901. p. 126).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Powell & Guillemard, Platen, Waterstradt.
103. Macropygia amboinensis batchianensis Wall.
(Cf. Noy. Zoot, 1901. p, 124),
Batjan: Wallace, Bernsteiu, Beccari, Platen, Doherty (4000 ft.), Waterstradt.
104. Chalcophaps indica (L.).
Jatjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
105. Caloenas nicobarica (L).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen.
( 62 )
106. Megapodius freycinet Quoy et Gaim.
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Guillemard, Kiikenthal, Platen, Doherty,
Waterstradt.
107. Eulipoa wallacei (Gray).
Me gapodius wallace’ G. R. Gray, P. Z. 8. 1860. p, 362 (E. Gilolo).
Batjan : Finsch, Rosenberg.
108. Rallina fasciata (Rafil.).
Batjan: Platen (Nehrkorn, J. f. O. 1894. p. 160).
109. Gymnocrex plumbeiventris (Gray).
Batjan : Platen (Nehrkorn, J. f. O. 1894. p. 160).
110. Poliolimnas cinereus (Vieill.).
Batjan : Platen (Nehrkorn, J. /. O. 1894. p. 160).
111. Amaurornis moluccana (Wall.).
Batjan: Platen, Kiikenthal. A specimen in the Genoa Museum has only a
dealer’s (Frank’s) locality, and might just as well have come from another island.
112. ?Glareola orientalis Leach.
Batjan: fide Finsch (Newguinea p. 181). Dr. Finsch states that G. ortentalis
oecurs on Ternate, Halmahera, Batjan, and Amboina, all islands where it has not
been found by any collector I know of. It is therefore probable that there is some
mistake about this statement.
113. Strepsilas interpres (L.).
Batjan: teste Finsch (/.c.). Although the occurrence on Batjan rests, I
believe, only on Dr. Finsch’s statement, it is almost sure to occur there, since it
visits nearly every island in the Eastern archipelago.
114. Charadrius fulvus Gm.
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen.
115. Aegialites geoffroyi (Wagl.).
Batjan: Bernstein, Platen.
116. Tringoides hypoleucos (L.).
Batjan: Wallace, Bernstein, Beccari, Platen, Waterstradt.
117. Heteractitis incana (Gm.).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein.
118. Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Scop.).
Batjan: Bernstein, Beccari, Platen.
119. Numenius minutus Gould.
Batjan : teste Wallace.
( 63 )
120. Neoscolopax rochussenii (Schleg.).
This most interesting woodcock (or snipe) has hitherto only been known with
certainty from Obi Major, but Mr. Waterstradt has sent a skin, marked “ ? ” on
the label, from Batjan, where it was shot in August 1902. It agrees fully with our
skin from Obi (ex Lucas), but is not such a fine skin, being much shot on the
wings, flanks, and belly. It is not stated at what altitude it was obtained, but this
bird must be a mountain bird, or it would be less rare in collections, and we know
that most of Mr. Waterstradt’s birds were taken in the mountains. (Antea, p. 17.)
121. Gallinago megala Swinh. (Migrant.)
Gallinago megala Swinhoe, [bis 1861. p. 343 (Amoy).
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein, Platen.
122. Ardea sumatrana lafil.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein.
123. Demiegretta sacra (Gm.).
Batjan : teste Finsch.
124. Bubulcus coromanda (Bodd.).
Batjan : Wallace (Mus. Brit.).
125. Butorides stagnatilis (Gould).
Ardetta stagnatilis Gould, P. Z. S. 1847. p. 221 (Port Essington).
I have no doubt that the bird mentioned as found on Batjan by Platen under
the name of Butorides javanica (Nehrkorn, J./. O. 1894. p. 161) is B. stagnatilis, this
being the form occurring on Halmahera, Obi, etc.
126. Dupetor flavicollis gouldi (Bp.) (7).
[ Ardea flavicollis Latham, Ind. Orn, ii. p, 701 (1790: India). ]
Ardetta gouldi Bonaparte, Consp. Av. ii. p. 132 (1857: Australia).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Doherty, Waterstradt.
These Dupetor (or perhaps better Xanthocnus Sharpe) are very puzzling, and
Dr. Sharpe’s treatment (Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxvi. pp. 246—251) is not quite satis-
factory. One thing is certain: D. flavicollis flavicollis (India to China, ete.) has the
upper throat always spotted with rufous (red), while the birds from Celebes, the
Moluccas, New Guinea, and Australia have it spotted with blackish, deep brown or
browm ‘Therefore at least one form must be separated from /avicollis, and the
oldest name is gouldi, based on Australian specimens. Dr. Sharpe separates further
a form which he calls nesophilus from Duke of York Island (and New Britain),
while he calls all his examples from the Moluceas “ Dupetor melas.” This is, in
my opinion, more or less incorrect. First of all, 1 am doubtful if the Australian ,
form (with pale abdomen) is separable from that inhabiting Celebes, the Moluccas,
New Guinea, and Duke of York Islands, which are doubtless all one and the same
form-—at least so far as we can make out from the material available in the
British and Tring Museums. It is said that Australian examples have a paler
abdomen, but it is, I believe, doubtful if this is not due to age or season. If
Australian specimens differ constantly, then we have:
( 64 )
Dupetor flavicollis favicollis, India to China and Malayan Islands.
Dupetor flavicollis nesophilus, Celebes, Moluccas, New Guinea and neigh-
bouring islands.
Dupetor flavicollis gouldi, Australia.
The Batjan bird would in this case not be J). /. gould, but D. f. nesophilus.
Dr. Sharpe wrongly includes Celebes in the range of typical /avicollis.
Then there is D. melaena * (Salvad.). This is possibly a melanistic aberration,
or a different species. In no case, however, can it be correct to unite all Moluccan
specimens under the name of melaena, as very few of them are all over black, while
classing the Celebes (Sanghir) form with /avicollis, because not only are the (usual)
Sanghir birds indistinguishable from those found on the Moluccas, but as the
typical locality of melaena Sanghir must be taken.
The dark form (or species), Dupetor melaena (Salvad.), is known from Sanghir
and the Moluccas. We have one collected by Dumas on Morty, and it will
probably occur on Batjan as well.
127. Nycticorax caledonica (Gm.).
Ardea caledonica Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 626 (1788 : Nova Caledonia).
Batjan: fide Finsch, Platen.
128. Dendrocygna guttulata Wall.
Dendrocygna guttulata Wallace, P. Z. S. 1863. p. 36 (Buru, Ceram, Celebes—type: Buru, in
Brit. Mus.).
Batjan : fide Finsch et Platen coll.
129. Tadorna radjah (Garn.).
Anas radjah Garnot, Voy. Cog. Zool. i. 2. p. 602. Pl. 49 (1826-28 : Buru).
Batjan: Wallace, Platen, Waterstradt.
130. Fregata ariel (Gould).
Batjan : Bernstein, Platen. (Probably the recorded occurrence of 1. aquila at
Batjan should also be referred to F. ariel ?).
131. Microcarbo sulcirostris (Brandt).
Batjan : Wallace.
132. Microcarbo melanoleucus (Vieill.).
Batjan: Wallace.
133. Sterna bergii Licht.
Batjan : Wallace, Bernstein.
134. Sterna melanauchen Tem.
Batjan : fide Finsch.
135. Podiceps tricolor Gray.
Batjan ; fide Finsch.
* Ardetta melaena Salvadori, Atti R. Acad. Sci. Torino xiii. p. 1187 (A878: Sanghir; Halmahera
Typical locality Sanghir!). ;
( 65 )
NOTES ON PAPUAN BIRDS.
By tHE Hoy. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D., anp ERNST HARTERT.
(Continued from Vol. VIIT., 1901).
VII. PARADISEIDAE.
(Plate I.)
(For the localities mentioned in this article see ‘“ Introduction,’ Noy. Zoo. 1901.
pp. 55—61, and the maps, Pls. IJ. and III., in the same volume of our Journal.)
BAe” by far the largest number of the Paradise/dae inhabit the Papuan Region,
and as they are made a speciality, and in consequence are exceptionally well
represented in the Tring Museum, we have thought it of interest to record the
whole series of this family at present in our possession. Eighty-seven forms out
of 96 recognised forms are represented in the collection by 1292 skins. It will be
seen that in a few cases we have departed slightly from the nomenclature adopted
in the Tierreich. These alterations were mostly necessitated by new knowledge
gained through the numerous accessions to the collection since 1898. They affect,
the genera Ailuroedus, Chlamydera, Manucodia, Phonygammus, and Lycocorac.
The following forms were based on uniqne specimens, and no further skins
have become known :
1, Chlamydera lauterbachi Rehw. Berlin Museum.
2. Parotia duivenbodet Rothsch. Tring -
3. Loborhamphus nobilis Rothsch. 53 7
4. Janthothorax benshachi Biitt. Leyden _,,
5. Janthothorax mirabilis (Rehw.). (ring, 5;
6. Paryphephorus duivenbodei (Mey.) Dresden ,,
7. Drepanornis albertisi geisleri(Mey.) _,, 5
8. Falcinellus astrapioides (Rothsch.) Tring _,,
9. Cicinnurus lyogyrus Currie. U.S. National Museum.
10. Paradisea maria Rehw. Berlin Museum,
With the exception of Nos. 1,5, 7, and 10, all these uniques are trade skins
received from natives, like so many other of the finest Paradiseidae, such as
Falcinellus ellioti, Loboparadisea sericea, Pteridophora albert, Parotia carolae,
Amblyornis flavifrons, Astrapia splendidissima and others; and it is therefore
evident that the main stronghold of Paradise/dae in Dutch New Guinea is yet
untrodden by Europeans.
1. Ptilonorhynchus violaceus (Vieill.)
We have one adult male and one young male from the Dandenong Range,
Victoria, November 1874, A. von Hiigel coll.; one young male without locality
which differs from the one from the Dandenong Range in having the sides of the
neck more uniform and the throat and foreneck with much smaller pale spots.
Further: five adult males and four adult females without exact localities. This
species, being restricted to Australia, does not, of course, occur in New Guinea,
5
( 66 )
2. Ailuroedus viridis (Lath.).
We have two males and two females without exact localities.
3. Ailuroedus maculosus Rams.
“3” <9” Cedar Bay, Queensland, 6. v. 1893. A. 8. Meek coll.
3, Bellenden Ker Range, 22. xi. 1899. “Tris red, feet slate-grey, bill bluish
white.” Olive coll.
32, Mt. Sapphire, Cairns district, 24. 30. x. 1899. “ Food fruit.” Olive coll.
4. Ailuroedus stonei Sharpe.
3, British New Guinea, 1879. A. Goldie coll.
3, Brown River, British New Guinea, 1898. Emil Weiske coll.
1, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1, Mt. Cameron, 5000—6000 ft. A. 8. Anthonty coll.
1, Upper Brown River, British New Guinea, purchased in London.
5. Ailuroedus buccoides buccoides (Temm.)
1, Waigiu, from Bruijn’s hunters.
1, near Dorey, Powell coll.
5 without exact locality, trade skins, probably from the Beran Peninsula, all
with rather darker more or less olive-brown crowns, and therefore typical duccotdes.
“ 9.” “Cote septentrion., long. 126° 30’—137° E.,” ex Bruijn. This is an
immature bird, with dark brown bill, an olive-brown crown with pale mesial stripe.
It agrees well with typical duccoides.
“3,” “New Guinea, long. 139° E.,” obtained by Guillemard from Bruijn’s
hunters. This specimen agrees best with duccoides.
6. Ailuroedus buccoides geislerorum Mey.
5 specimens, apparently from Bruiju’s hanters, withont definite locality,
evidently not different from typical geéslerorum.
“8” ad., Cote septentrion., long. 136° 30’—137", from Bruijn. This specimen
is not distinguishable from typical ge¢slerorum.
2 9 ad., Takar, October 1896. “Iris crimson, feet pale slate-crey, claws
darker, bill dull bluish white.” W. Doherty.
“9,” Takar, October 1896. Doherty coll. Apparently less adult, crown darker
and tinged with greeu, the feathers being quite green towards the base.
2, Konstantinhafen, German New Gninea, February 1894. Capts. Cotton &
Webster coll.
3 ad., Butaneng, German New Guinea, October 1891. Geisler coll.
32, Stephansort, German New Guinea, December 1898, January 1899. “ Iris
roth.” E. Nyman coll.
2 36d, Simbang, Hnon Gulf, August and September 1899. “Tris roth.” E.
Nyman coll.
3, Simbang, February 1894. Capts. Cotton & Webster coll.
1 3,2 2%, Collingwood Bay, June 1897 and June 1899. “Iris d bright red,
? chocolate-brown and bright red, feet pale slate-blue, bill pale slate-bluish (light
stone-colour, ivory-white with bluish tip).” A. 8, Meek coll,
( 67 )
The eastern form of A. buccoides, A. b. geislerorum Mey., is closely allied to
A. b. buccoides, differing only in its lighter, more cinnamon-brown crown, and
frequently (though not constantly) larger black spotting of the chest. No other
differences seem to be constant. Young birds of both forms, recognisable by their
blackish bills, have a darker, more olive crown, with a more or less marked, paler,
irregular mesial line. While examples from the Beran Peninsula and Waigiu
(typical Auccoides) are easily distinguishable from typical geéslerorum from Kaiser
Wilhelm’s Land and Collingwood Bay, those coming from the north coast of New
Guinea, east of Geelvink Bay, are somewhat puzzling. The specimen from Takar
(Doherty) cannot be separated from getslerorwm, while those coming from Bruijn’s
hunters, said to be from the same neighbourhood, ¢.e. from the north coast
between long. 136° and 137° H., agree partly better with duccoides, partly with
geislerorum. It is not impossible that one or the other of these has the locality
erroneously marked, but it is also possible that they all should be united with
geislerorum, as those which are more like adult dxccoides may be immature
geislerorum.
7. Ailuroedus melanotis melanotis (Gray).
3 9 ad., Maikor, Aru Islands, July 1897. Capt. Cayley Webster coll. “ Tris red,
feet and bill greyish.” ;
3?, Trangan, Aru Islands, September 1900. “Iris brownish red (coffee-
brown, feet greyish, bill horny white” Kiihn coll.
6, Kobroor, Aru, August 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
o 2, Wokan, Aru, October 1900. H. Kiihn coll,
8. Ailuroedus melanotis melanocephalus Rams.
?, Mailu district, British New Guinea, July 19, 1895. A.S. Anthony coll.
2, Mt. Cameron, 6500 ft., July 31, 1896.
” ” ”
236d, Mt. Cameron, 5000—6000 ft., August 1896. rn nt
1, Mt. Cameron, 5000—G6000 ft. ¥ ‘ 4
2, Mt. Victoria, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896. Fs .
1, Mts. British New Guinea (A. 8. Anthony coll., according to make!
4, Mts. British New Guinea. Emil Weiske coll.
9. Ailuroedus melanotis arfakianus Mey.
3 from Bruijn’s hunters, no exact locality.
1 purchased from Mr. Dunstall in London, no exact locality.
1 purchased from Mr. van Duivenbode, no exact locality.
1 purchased from Mr. van Dnivenbode, said to be from Jobi, which is most
likely erroneous. Type of A. jobiensis Rothsch.
1 “3,” Mt. Moari, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. “Tris dark brown.”
J. M. Dumas coll. This specimen differs from the other specimens by the spots on
the head and hindneck being white instead of buff, and having the throat and chest
very dark.
In the Tierreich (p. 7) one of us treated this form as specifically distinct from
A, melanotis ; but having examined so many more specimens, he is now convinced
that it can only be treated as a subspecies, though being much more distinct from
the two other forms of A. melanotis than they are from one another,
( 68 )
10. Scenopoeetes dentirostris Rams.
4, Russell River, Queensland, February 1895 and June 1891. Day coll.
(This species is only found from Cooktown to the Herbert River in Queensland),
11. Chlamydera cerviniventris Gould.
1 2, Cape York, N. Queensland, July 28th, 1898. A. §. Meek coll. “Iris
brown, bill black, feet greenish slate.”
1 3g, Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen, German New Guinea. Biro coll. January
23rd, 1896.
1, German New Guinea.
2 33,1 2, Mailu district, British New Guinea, July-August 1895. A. 8.
Anthony coll.
3 ?, Collingwood Bay, British New Guinea, Jane—July 1897. A.S. Meek coll.
3, Naiabui, British New Guinea. D’Albertis coll.
?, Milue Bay, S.E. New Guinea, 17.1. 1899. ‘Iris brown, feet light bluish
slate, bill black.” A. 8S. Meek coll.
12. Chlamydera maculata Gould.
3, New South Wales. A. von Hiigel coll., 1874.
2 fd ad., North Queensland. A. S. Meek coll.
3 3d, without locality.
3 from Zoological Gardens, London, received 26. v. 1899, died December 1899.
13. Chlamydera guttata Gould.
6 ad. without locality, received from Mr. Le Souef.
14. Chlamydera nuchalis nuchalis (Jard. & Selby).
3g ad., Brock’s Creek, Northern Territory, Australia, 2. viii. 1902. “ Iris and
feet brown, bill black.” J. F. Tunney coll.
3? ad., Burundi, Northern Territory, Australia, 28. vii. 1902. J. F. Tunney
coll.
3 9, Negri River, Kimberley district, W. Australia, 23. y. 1902. J. F. Tunney
coll.
3, Mt. Anderson, W. Australia, 31. x. 1901. J. F. Tunney coll.
3, Katherine River, North Australia. J. F. Tunney coll.
3, Broome, W. Australia, February 1899. J. F. Tunney coll.
2, Fitzroy River, Kimberley, W. Australia, August 1898. J. F. Tonney coll.
3 fd ad., 2 pull., Derby, W. Australia. Hall coll. The pullus has a dull ashy
grey head and neck, the upperside with subterminal white spots, the underside
irregularly barred with dirty white.
15. Chlamydera nuchalis orientalis Gould.
3, Port Denison, Queensland.
3 dd, Cooktown, Queensland. Olive coll., June 1899. “ Iris white, feet greenish
slate, bill black.”
2 $ ¢, without locality.
When one of us, in 1898, wrote the Paradiseidae of the Tierreich, he had seen
( 69 )
very few specimens, and relied more on the published differences between C. nuchalis
and (. orientalis than on material, of which very little was available. These
differences were then thought not to be reliable. However, as is seen above, we
have since received a fine series of both forms, which, after all, prove to be
well distinguishable subspecies. C. nuchalis orientalis differs from C. nuchalis
nuchalis by its constantly smaller size, darker ground-colour on the upper
surface, more mottled crown, total absence, in both sexes and all ages, of the dark
crossbar in the white tips to the secondaries, and the white instead of brown iris.
C. nuchalis nuchalis inhabits the western and northern parts of Australia, west of
the Gulf of Carpentaria ; while C. xwchalis orientalis is only found in Queensland.
16. Xanthomelus aurea (L.)
We have no specimen with any data, but all our 14 examples are round skins
of Malay make, and are doubtless all from Dutch New Guinea. They are as
follows :
4 ad., 5 S immat., 3 d juy., and 2 females.
17. Amblyornis inornatus (Schleg.)
It still remains a mystery why for more than twenty years the full plumaged
male remained unknown, while of A. subalaris the adult male was discovered before
the female. We have a remarkably fine series of this species, namely :
18 from the Arfak region, 2 said to be from ‘‘ Northern New Guinea” and 15
from British New Guinea. Of the 18 Arfak skins 10 are full-crested males, 1a
male without crest, 7 females ; both the birds from “ Northern New Guinea” have
full crests. The 15 from British New Guinea are as follows: 10 full-crested adult
males, Mts. Victoria and Cameron, 5000—7000 ft., and the Hafa district, 5000 -—
6000 ft., collected by Anthony, and from the Upper Aroa River, 5000 ft., Hmil
Weiske coll. ; 5 males without crests from the same localities.
18. Amblyornis subalaris Sharpe.
Only known from the mountains of British New Guinea. We have the
following specimens :
11 full-crested adult males, 6 from the Hafa district (5000—6000 ft.), 1 from
between the Laroki and Vanapa rivers, 2 from Mt. Cameron, 1 without exact
locality, 1 abnormally dark specimen from Mt. Victoria, 8 uncrested males and
females from the same localities (Anthony and Weiske colls.), and 1 from the
Moroka district, 5000 ft., November 1885, H. O. Forbes coll.
19. Amblyornis flavifrons Rothsch.
‘
The female of this species is not yet known, and our three adult mades are the
sole recorded specimens.
20. Sericulus melinus (Lath.).
1 Jd ad., Richmond River, Queensland. Cockerell coll., 1874.
4 3 ad. without exact locality.
1 fo uv., N.S.W., 1 ? without locality.
( 20: )
21. Prionodura newtoniana De Vis.
5d ad.,1 ¢ juv., 3 2 9, Mt. Bartlefrere, Queensland, September and November
1891, March and July 1896. ‘Iris greyish yellow.” Day coll.
1 ¢ juy., Bellenden-Ker Range, 5000 ft., 5. 1.1900. Olive coll. “ Iris yellowish
white, feet greenish slate, bill brown.”
22. Loboparadisea sericea Rothsch.
The type and two similar specimens in the Tring Museum are still all that are
known of this remarkable species. Its exact locality is not yet known.
23. Cnemophilus macgregori De Vis.
1 dad., 1 djuv., 5 2, Mt. Owen Stanley, 8000—7000 ft. Mostly Anthony coll.
3d ad., 2 ¢ juv., 1 2, Mt. Knutsford, 11,000 ft., August 1898. Anthony coll.
“ Bye pale grey, bill and feet brown.” : ;
1 ¢ ad., between Mts. Musgrave and Scratchley, 5000—6000 ft.
3d ad., 1 2, Mt. Seratchley, up to 8000 ft.
24. Loria loriae Salvad.
1 gad. 1 ¢ juv., Mt. Owen Stanley, 5000—7000 ft. Anthony coll.
1 d ad., Kaiari district, Owen Stanley Range. Native name “ Kunuku-Paiva.”
“Tris brown, feet dark green, bill black.” Anthony coll.
1 g ad., Moroka district, 3000—6000 ft. Anthony coll.
3d ad., Aroa River, 5000 ft. Emil Weiske coll. “Iris schwarz, Fiisse
dunkelgriin, Schnabel schwarz, Schnabelhant weiss.” (“ Schnabelhaut” is evi-
dently intended for the fold-like wattle at the gape.)
1 ¢, Eata district, 5000—6000 ft. Anthony coll.
5 gad, 1 ¢ juv.,6 $2, Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft., Anthony coll.
3 9 ad., native-made skins, evidently from Dutch New Guinea, received from
Mr. van Duivenbode.
Dr. Sharpe, in his “ Monograph of the Paradiseidae,” rather unwarrantably left
the question of the identity of Loria loriae Salvadori aud Cnemophilus mariae
De Vis open. We consider that at the time when he wrote his “ Monograph” he
had access to a quite sufficient number of specimens to decide this question.
However, we have since examined not only the 24 specimens in the Tring Museum,
but quite a number of others as well. There can be no doubt that Cremophilus
mariae is the fully adult male and female of Loria loriae. The apparent presence
or absence of the fold-like wattle at the gape is entirely due to the preparation of
the skin, though Count Salvadori’s bird, being apparently young, may have shown
it slightly more than most of the skins that came afterwards.
25. Paradigalla carunculata Less.
3d ad.,2 g juv., 2 2%, Dutch New Guinea.
26. Macgregoria pulchra De Vis.
10 specimens from Mt. Scratchley, native coll., purchased from Mcllwraith
and MeBacharn.
(71)
27. Parotia sefilata (Penun.).
3 ¢ad., Arfak Mountains, from the Guillemard collection. A label in Powell's
handwriting gives: “ Bill black, iris blue, with a narrow inuer ring of yellow.”
2 3 ad., 9 3d immat., withont exact localities.
1 d imm., 2 ? ad, Hatam, Arfak Mts., Beccari coll., June and July 1875,
specimens “m', n‘, k’.”
28. Parotia lawesi Rams.
8 full-plumaged adult ¢d, Eafa district, 5000—6000 ft. Anthony coll. ‘“ Eye
dark blue, feet and bill black.” (By “ eye” the pupil is apparently meant.)
2 males in moult, Hafa district, 5000—6000 ft. Anthony coll.
3 full-plamaged males, 1 3 in moult, 2 ¢ ad., Oriori district. Anthony coll.
1 d immat., Mt. Owen Stanley. Anthony coll.
1 2, between rivers Laroki and Vanapa. E. Weiske coll.
1 3,1 ¢, without exact locality.
3 full-pluamaged males, Mt. Seratchley. Anthony coll.
10 fall-plamaged adult males, 2 ¢ juv., 1 %, Mt. Cameron. Anthony coll.
“ Tris yellow, feet dark brown, bill black.”
29. Parotia helenae De Vis.
One adult male from Mt. Scratchley, evidently one of Anthony’s skins. It will
require a series to determine the exact position of this bird, but we are inclined to
think that it is a local aberration, only known from Mt. Scratehley.
The only difference from P. /awesi is the entirely dark forehead without any
white, and the apparently greater breadth and fulness of the nasal crest.
30. Parotia carolae Meyer.
18 adult males, 7 immature males, and two females, trom Dutch New Guinea,
from Mr. van Duivenbode.
We believe that the statement is correct that this species comes from the
mountains uear the Ambernoh River. The late Mr. Doherty certainly ascertained
that the P/eridophora came from there, and it is hardly a coincidence that Parotia
carolue and Pteridophora always came together.
31. Parotia berlepschi Kleinschm.
This species can at once be distinguished. from P. carolae by the coppery
instead of black hindneck and interscapulium, the black chin and throat, and black
edges to the front part of the crest.
We have only two immature males, which, however, show the differences
clearly. ‘The “make” of these skins differs entirely from that of all the P. carolae
we have seen. The “make” of the P. carolae agrees remarkably with that of
Amblyornis inornata, Loboparadisea sericea, and our three above-mentioned Loria
loriae, while the P. berlepschi are much better skins, like the type of P. duicenboder.
These latter are of the familiar make of Bruijn’s hunters, such as the late Ali
and others.
( 72)
32. Parotia duivenbodei Rothsch.
Parotiu duivenbodei Rothschild, Bull. B. O. Club x. p.c (May 1900: “ Dutch New Guinea”).
3 ad. Pectoral shield more extended and of a different shape, structure, and
colour to that of either Parotia sefilata, P. lawesi, or P. helenae. The shield, in
fact, consists of a much larger number of rows of small and narrow feathers, and
they are less smooth than in the other species of Parotia. The ruff on the sides of
the neck does not extend so far across the throat, and in consequence the metallic
feathers of the pectoral shield itself reach farther up on the throat, gradually
diminishing in size and number. The black central shaft-patches on the lateral
feathers of the shield are narrower and much less numerous. The colour of the
pectoral shield is glittering metallic green ; a few of the feathers on the edges of
the shield are margined with blue, whereas in the three allied species the shield is
of a brilliant coppery greenish golden colour, There is no long erect tuft on the
forehead, and the crest of feathers on the head is scarcely developed. The glittering
occipital band of the other species of Parotia is replaced by a large triangular and
somewhat wedge-shaped shield of metallic bluish green feathers, extending from
between the eyes to the occiput. The colour of the head is of the same deep glossy
purple as on the rest of the upper surface, not glossed with oily brown. The first
and second primaries are less abruptly emarginate than in the allied species.
There is in the type-specimen only one thread-like long racketed plume on each
side. We have not been able to find traces of any more, but further researches
must show whether P. duévenbodet has the usual number of three such plumes on
each side of the head, or only one. Wing 150 mm., tail 115, tarsus 38, culmen 34.
The unique specimen in the Tring Museum is a good skin, which came
somewhere from the northern part of Dutch New Guinea. It was bought from
Mr. van Renesse van Duivenbode, after whom it is named.
33. Lophorina superba (Peun.).
8 dad.,5 bd immat., 1 2, from the Arfak Mountains.
34. Lophorina minor Rams.
8 fall-plumage adult males, 1 3 in moult, 2 ¢ juv., 3 ¢, Hata district.
Anthony coll.
3 fall-plumaged adult males, 1 ¢ in moult, 1 3 juy., Oriori district. Anthony
coll.
1 ? juv. without exact locality.
8 fall-plumaged adult males, 4 ¢ juv.,4 2, Mt. Cameron. Anthony coll.
Perhaps better regarded as a subspecies of svperda.
¢
39. Loborhamphus nobilis Rothsch. (Plate L.).
Loborhamphus nobilis Rothsch., Bull. B. O. Club xii. p. 34 (December 1901).
In general appearance this remarkable bird resembles somewhat the genus
Lamprothorax, but it has a long wedge-shaped tail, of the shape of the tail of an
Astrapia, though shorter. Perhaps the most peculiar character is the presence of
two light-coloured fleshy folds on the basal third of the bill, forming two short
wattles on each side. ‘
We fiud a very similar arrangement in Loria loriae. The pectoral shield is
Novirarns Z
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Rothsch,
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(73 )
shaped as in Lamprothorax, but the pectoral tufts are longer and somewhat curved,
similar to those of Faceinellus, though smaller. Nuchal frill less developed than in
Lamprothorax.
¢ ad. Crown parple; neck, back and ramp velvety black, with a bronze gloss.
Wings and tail black, with a purple sheen on the exposed webs. Sides of head aud
neck black, with a strong coppery bronze lustre. Chin and throat deep bronzy
green. Pectoral shield shining purple, with violet reflections in certain lights ;
most of the feathers of the lateral tufts with shining metallic blue borders. Below
the pectoral shield an ill-defined bronzy green band. Abdomen black with a purple
wash. Bill and feet black. Wing 165 mm., tail 154, lateral pair of rectrices 105,
bill from gape 37, culmen 32, rostrum from nostrils 21:5, tarsus 44.
The unique specimen in the Tring Museum is a perfect, good, somewhat
flattened skin, bought from Duivenbode, who received it from Northern Dutch New
Guinea.
36. Pteridophora alberti Mey.
The female of this wonderful bird is not yet known.
10 adult and 2 immature males, received direct or indirect through Mr. van
Renesse van Duivenbode.
37. Lamprothorax wilhelminae Mey.
One adult male, without exact locality, purchased from Mr. van Renesse van
Duivenbode in February 1898.
38. Janthothorax mirabilis (Itchw.).
1 adult male (type of the species), near Friedrich Wilhelmshafen, German New
Guinea. (Cf. Bull. B. O. Club, January 1903.)
39. Ptilorhis paradisea Swains.
4d ad.,1 ¢ juv., 4 2 2, all without exact locality.
2 22, Richmond River, S. Queensland, 1874. Cockerell coll. (ex Baron von
Hiigel).
40. Ptilorhis victoriae Gould.
23 ad.,2 29, North Barnard Island, Qneensland, October 1888. “ Iris very
dark hazel, feet and bill black.” Barnard coll. (ex Meek).
‘1d ad, 1 2,1 ¢ juv., without exact locality.
1 3 ad., Mt. Bartlefrere, 1. vi. 1900. Olive coll. “Iris brown, feet and bill
black.”
1 dad., 1 2 ad., received from A. 8. Meek, marked “ Cedar Bay,” evidently
Barnard’s skins.
41. Ptilorhis magnificus (Vieillot).
1 g ad. 1 d juv., bought from natives at Waropen, Dutch New Guinea, by
W. Doherty,
1 3 ad., Sarmi, opposite the Arimao Islands, north coast of Dutch New
Guinea, bought from natives by W. Doherty.
( 74 )
1 3 ad., Triton Bay, 24. vii. 1896, Cayley Webster coll.
2 d ad., Etna Bay, August 1896. Cayley Webster coll.
1 dad, 1 ¢ juv., 1 2, Dorey, bought from natives by W. Doherty.
1 g ad. in moult, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 99, Andai, Bruijn’s hunters, 1874 (Nos. ¢’ and # Orn. Pap.).
1 3 immat., Mt. Moari, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899, Dumas coll.
3 6 ad.,5 d juv., 4 2 2, without exact locality.
1 6 ad. without locality, with one white secondary and several white upper
wing-coverts.
42. Ptilorhis intercedens Sharpe.
4¢ad,3 do imm,, 1 ?, Simbang, German New Guinea. Capts. Cotton &
Webster coll.
1 ¢ ad., Simbang, German New Guinea. Dr. E. Nyman coll.
2 6 ad, 1.3 juv., “Tinisterre Mountains,? German New Guinea. Capts.
Cotton & Webster coll.
1g ad, 1 fo juv., 2 22, Mt. Cameron, 2000—6000 ft., October 1896. A. 8,
Anthony coll.
6 ¢ ad., Mailu district, July—August 1895. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 o ad., Hafa district, 5000—6000 ft., October 1895. A. S. Anthony coll.
2 6 ad., Brown River, 1898. :Emil Weiske coll.
1 gd ad., Nicura. Lix coll.
1 3 ad., ‘ west of Port Moresby ” 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
2 3 juv., 2 2%, Milue Bay, March 1899. A. S. Meek coll. “ Iris brown, feet
slate, bill black.”
43. Ptilorhis alberti [ll.
1 fg juv., Cape York, collector unknown.
2 29, Cape York, July 1898. Hichhorn coll. (ex Meek).
1 $, Cape York. Cockerell coll., 1875 (ex von Hiigel).
1 g juy. without label.
44, Ptilorhis mantoui (Oust.).
This species varies in the amount of white on the flank plumes, under tail-
coyerts and crissum, the white colour being sometimes quite obsolete on either
of these parts. We have the following specimens :
5 ¢ ad., round (Malayan make) skins.
2 6 ad., flat (Papuan) skins.
45. Drepanornis albertisi albertisi (Scl.)
4g ad., 1 %, without indication of locality.
1 f ad., “ Artak Mts.” (Ex coll. Guillemard.) On the label : “ Iris violescent
brown, bill black, feet lead-colour.”
1 3 ad., bought at Wandammen, Dutch New Guinea, by W. Doherty.
1 g juv., “ Arfak” (? dealer’s label).
(Drepanornis albertisi geisleri Mey. is not yet represented in the Tring
Museum. It is still resting on a single specimen, from the Sattelberg in German
New Guinea, in the Dresden Museum.)
46. Drepanornis albertisi cervinicauda NScl.
63 ad., 19, Hafa district, between Mts. Alexander and Bellamy, 5000—6000 ft.,
October 1895. A.S. Anthony coll.
3 ad. in moult, d immat., Oriori district, British New Guinea, January 1896.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
?, 21. vii. 1895, Orangery Bay, British New Guinea. A. S. Anthony coll.
?, 19. vii. 1895, Mailu district, British New Guinea. A.S. Anthony coll.
23 ad.,1 d immat, 3 2 ?, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 5000 —6000 ft.,
Angust 1896. A.§8. Anthony coll.
47. Drepanornis bruijni Oust.
6 3 ad., 7 ¢ immat. in various stages, 5 dd (and ¢ juy.), purchased from Mr.
Renesse van Duivenbode and various dealers. These came, according to Mr. van
Duivenbode, all from Tana Mera, a part of the north coast east of Geelvink Bay,
towards the German frontier.
?, Wanti, Waropen, brought from natives by W. Doherty.
2 3 ad., Sarmi, opposite the Arimao Islands, bought from natives by W.
Doherty.
2 3 fere ad., Wensudu, north coast of New Guinea at 139° long., bought
from natives by Doherty.
3 ad., Witriwai River, north coast of New Guinea at 139° long., bought from
natives by W. Doherty.
2d ad.,1 3 vix ad., Humboldt’s Bay, North New Guinea, bought from natives
by W. Doherty.
Though very different from D. albertisi, we prefer to keep bruijni in the
same genus.
48. Seleucides ignota (Forst).
6 g ad, 4 2%, Port Chalmers (Riva River), British New Guinea, 60 miles
inland, June 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 3g ad, 3 2, Mt. Cameron, British New Guinea, 2000 ft. high. A. 8,
Anthony coll.
2d ad., 1 ?, Nicura, British New Guinea. Lix coll.
1 3, Dora, British New Guinea. Lix coll.
3 ad., Fly River, 4. viii. 1877. D’Albertis coll., No. 424.
3 (moulting), Fly River, 19. ix. 1877. D’Albertis coll., No. 680.
6 ad., Salwatty, ex coll. Guillemard.
2 & juv. (in female’s plumage), 1 2, Fly River, 1877. D’Albertis coll., Nos.
362, 364, GUS.
3 ad., Witriwai River, long. 139°, north coast of New Guinea, bought by
W. Doherty.
3 juy., bought by Doherty at Waropen, not far from Kuradu.
?, Takar, November 1896. “Iris scarlet, feet reddish flesh-colour, claws pale
grey, bill black.” W. Doherty coll.
11 ¢ juy. in-various stages, without localities.
4), Falcinellus astrapioides (Iothsch.).
1 J ad., the type, in the Tring Museum, is all that is known of this species.
( 76 )
50. Faleinellus striata (Bodd.)
1 go ad., “ Artak Mountains,” ex Guillemard coll. On label: “ Iris yellow,
bill and feet black.”
1 3 juv., 1 2, “ Arfak,” Bruijn coll. 1874, specimens j and x of the list in
Orn. Pap. i.
¢ ad. without exact localities.
¢ immat. in various stages, without localities.
3 juy. withont locality.
? without localities.
Hy
bs)
1
5
51. Falcinellus meyeri (Finsch).
7 dad, 2 ¢ immat., 1 d, juv., Mt. Cameron, about 7000 ft., Angust 1896.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
4 dad. 1 d juv., Mt. Owen Stanley, 1895.
1g ad., 2 f juv., Bafa district, Brit. New Guinea, 5000—6000 ft., October 1895.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 g ad., 1 ¢ immat., Kaiari district, Brit. New Guinea, 6000 ft. A. 8.
Anthony coll. “ Bye bright blue, feet grey, bill black ” (Anthony).
1 6 ad., Oriori district, Brit. New Guinea. Anthony coll.
2 29, Oriori district, Brit. New Guinea, January 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll,
“Native name : Dadai” (Anthony).
3 29, Mt. Cameron, about 7000 ft. A. S. Anthony coll.
(26 specimens in all.)
d2. Astrapia nigra (Gm.)
9 dad. 3 d immat., 2 d juv., 2 2%, without exact localities.
3 juy., 2, * Arfak,” Bruijn, specimens w and / of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii.
53. Astrapia splendidissima Rothsch.
¢ ad., type of the species (2 central rectrices shot off).
6 d ad., 2 d immat., 2 d juv., 5 2%.
We haye no clue to the locality where this magnificent bird occurs, bat it
seems not to come from the Berau Peninsula, as we receive only A. nigra
from there.
We do not accept Dr. Sharpe’s “ new genus ” for this species.
54. Astrapia stephaniae (Finsch & Meyer).
1 dad. 4 2? 9, Hafa district, Brit. New Guinea, 5000—6000 ft. A. 8. Anthony
coll., Oct.—December 1895. 32, “ Hye dark brown, feet dark grey, bill black.”
1 gd ad.,1 2, Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft. A. S. Anthony coll.
1 d ad., Kaiari district, Mts. British New Guinea.
1 d immat., Mt. Owen Stanley, Brit. New Guinea. Anthony coll.
1 dg ad.,1 3 immat., Kotoi district, Mts. Brit. New Guinea. Anthony coll.
1 dad., 1 2, Oriori district, Mts. Brit. New Guinea, January 1896. A. 8.
Anthony coll. “ Food: berries and insects.”
2 3 ad., “ east central dividing range,” Brit. New Guinea, June 1893. Messrs.
Guise and Armit coll.
55. Schlegelia wilsoni (Cass.).
o ad., Batanta, 2. ix. 1883. Powell coll. “ Iris brown, tarsus dark cobalt-blue,
bill black, naked skin on head bright cobalt-blue.”
? ad., Batanta, 23. x. 1883. Powell coll. Naked parts as in ¢.
4 3 ad.,1 ¢ immat., 3 ? ? without exact locality.
: 56. Cicinnurus regia regia (1.).
i 6 ad., Simbang, German New Gninea, February 1894. Capts. Cotton &
Webster coll.
1 3 ad. 1 2, Simbang, German New Guinea, July, September 1899, FE.
Nyman coll.
4 f ad., Stephansort, German New Guinea, July 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
1 d ad., Stephansort, German New Guinea. Capts. Cotton & Webster coll.
7 Jd ad., 2 2, Mailudistrict, Brit. New Guinea, July—August 1895. Anthony coll.
3 3 ad., Mt. Cameron, Brit. New Guinea, 1896. Anthony coll.
6 3 ad., 1 2, Brown River, Brit. New Guinea. 1898. Emil Weiske coll.
1 Jd ad.,1 ¢ juv., 2 22, Nicura, Brit. New Guinea. Lix. coll.
1d ad., 4 2, Kapanr, Dutch New Guinea, Dec. 1896. Doherty coll.
2 3 ad., Milne Bay, 26. iv. 1899 ; 10. v. 1899. A.S. Meek coll.
1 d ad., Ron Island, July 1897. Doherty coll.
2 ¢ ad., Waigamma, Mysol Island, November 1883. Guillemard coll. “ Iris
brown, bill light horn-colour, tarsus cobalt-blue. Inside of mouth bright yellowish
green.”
2 J ad., Samatii, Salwatty Island, 17. xi. 1883. Guillemard & Powell coll.
3 ¢ ad., Mikroor, Aru Islands. Webster coll.
1 g ad. Aru Islands, 6. xii. 1883. Powell coll.
2 ¢ ad., Trangan Island, Aru, September 1900. Heinrich Kiihn coll, “ Iris dark
grey, feet bright ultramarine, bill pale orange.”
2 ¢ ad., Wanambai Kabroor, Aru. Sept. 1900, H. Kiihn coll.
1 g ad., Wokan, Aru, 29. ix. 1900. H. Kithn coll.
3 ¢ immat., Papuan skins.
3 juy., Wanambai, Aru. Webster coll.
1 2, Mansinam, Berau Peninsula, 30. v. 1876. (d°, Orn. Pap. list.)
1 &, Sorong, 25. iv. 1875. (¢, Orn. Pap. list.)
1 § without locality (7°, Orn. Pap. list).
1 ?, Andai, 6. x1. 1883. Powell coll.
2 22, Waigamma, Mysol, November 1883. Guillemard coll.
“1 2, Salwatty Island, 17. xi. 1883. Powell coll.
1 , Mysol, 10,7. 1900. HH. Kiihn coll.
1 2, Wanambai, Arn, 1. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1 3, Trangan, Aru, 19. ix.1900. H. Kiihn coll.
2 9%, Milne Bay, 10. v. 1899. A.S. Meek coll.
57. Cicinnurus regia coccineifrons Rothsch.
1 J ad., Jobi Island, 11. xi. 1883. “ Length 18 em. Iris brown ; bill light
horn-colour; tarsus dark cobalt-blne,” Ex coll. H, Guillemard. (Type of sub-
species coccineifrons.)
( 78 )
2 2 ad. without locality, but perfectly similar to the type, and probably
from Jobi.
1 6 ad., Ansus, Jobi, bonght at Ansns by Doherty. (A very typical
coccinei fr Ons.)
5 6 ad. Takar, north coast, October — November 1896. “Tris dull grey-
brown, feet bright blne with grey claws, bill yellow (lemon, rosy in the middle).”
W. Doherty coll.
These specimens must certainly be placed with C. 7. coccinetfrons.
We have other instances of Jobi forms extending across the (shallow) sea of the
north-eastern part of Geelvink Bay to the north coast of New Guinea, and we
hope to diseuss this fact later on.
o juy., Ansus, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
6 juv., Marai, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
? Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
These specimens seem to be a little darker above than typical regia are on an
average.
58. Diphyllodes magnifica (Penn.).
Ornithologists are very uncertain about the various forms of Diphyllodes. Meyer,
Salvadori and Sharpe went farthest in separating them. Sharpe, in his “ Monograph
of the Paradiseidae,” ventures to recognise five different species. These he arranges
in two groups, one with the head dull brownish and a deep claret-coloured upper
back, the other with a reddish brown head and a deep crimson upper back. In the
first section (with a dull brownish head) he places :—
1. D. magnifica with clay-coloured secondaries, inhabiting the Beran Peninsula.
2. D. seleucides with ochreous-orange secondaries, actual habitat unknown, but
evidently from some parts of Dutch New Guinea.
3. D. chrysoptera with golden-orange secondaries, from Jobi.
In the second section (with reddish brown head) he places :—
4. D. «xanthoptera with golden-yellow secondaries, from the Moroka district in
the Owen Stanley Mountains.
5. D. hunsteini with golden-orange secondaries, British and German New
Guinea.
Meyer separates the German New Guinea form as septentrionalis.
We both agree, not only that Aunsteini and septentrionalis are quite the same,
but that it is quite impossible to separate five species! Rothschild is inclined to
unite all the forms under one name, provisionally, but is firmly convinced that, if
it is ever convenient to separate various forms, they can only be looked upon as
subspecies—and in this latter view we, of course, also agree. Hartert, while
admitting the variability in a series of trade-skins,* all coming on the market at
once, all of the same preparation and presumably from one place, is much impressed
by the great similarity in series from German and British New Guinea, as well as
from Jobi, and is inclined to—provisionally—recognise three distinct forms :
* Rothschild, moreover, is inclined to attribute the various shades of secondaries and the dull red back
in the Dutch New Guinea skins to the effect of the smoke-drying process of the native collectors, and in
consequence absolutely denies the validity of Sharpe’s D. scleucides, but acknowledges the possibility
that future material might prove the existence of two subspecies, one with a rufous head and one
with a more earthy-brown head,
(@aom))
A. D. m. magnifica (= seleucides) with dull brown crown, wings clay-coloured
to orange. Beran Peninsula (? etc.).
B. LD). m. chrysoptera (= jobiensis) with dull brown crown and golden orange
wings. Jobi, and probably north coast east of Geelvink Bay (? to Humboldt Bay).
C.D. im. hunsteini (= septentrionalis, xanthoptera) with reddish brown
crown and orange to golden-orange wings. British and German New Guinea.
The females of the various supposed forms seem to be quite indistingnishable.
The colour of the secondaries is certainly most variable, and generally not of
much consequence, but the Jobi, German and British New Guinea forms have always
more or less brighter orange secondaries. The colour of the crown is always more
reddish in the birds from German and British New Guinea, generally duller brown,
not reddish in those from Jobi and Dutch New Guinea, but there are also variations
in the same country. The colour of the upper back is a very variable character, but
it is generally, not always, brighter, more red, in ). m. hunsteini than in D. m.
magnifica and D. m. chrysoptera, though the latter varies also in this respect. What
we require now is a good series from the various localities in Western (Dutch) New
Guinea, well labelled and preserved, not trade-skins with uncertain localities.
We have, in the Tring Museum, the following specimens :—
A. Specimens from British and German New Guinea (¢ crown ruafous-brown,
upper back deep crimson, secondaries bright orange: PD. hunsteini anct.).
10 fd ad. in full plumage, 1 d in moult, 1 ¢ juv.,1 9, Mt. Cameron, British
New Gninea, 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3 ¢ ad. from the mountains of British New Guinea, exact place not known.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 d in moult, 2 ? ad., Hafa district, between Mts. Alexander and Bellamy,
5000—6000 ft., October 1895. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 6 ad. without exact locality.
1 ¢ ad. (with one curious spatulated elongated rectrix, one normal one), Kotoi
district, Brit. New Guinea, August 1898. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 ¢d immat. in moult, Upper Brown River, “between Astrolabe and Mt.
Owen Stanley ranges,” purchased from Mell wraith & McHacharn.
1 2 between rivers Laroki and Vanapa. E. Weiske coll.
1 2, Nicura, Brit. New Guinea. Lix coll.
2d ad., 1 2, Finisterre Mts., German New Guinea. Cotton & Webster coll.
1 3 ad., Simbang, German New Guinea, February 1894.
1g ad., 1 2, Bongu, German New Guinea, 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
1 6 ad., Sattelberg, German New Guinea, July 1892. Bruno Geisler coll.
(We cannot see any difference whatever between specimens from British and
German New Guinea.)
B. Specimens from Jobi Island and the northern coast of New Guinea, east of
Jobi: D. chrysoptera of Sharpe. Perfectly like the so-called Aunsteini, but crown
generally less rufous, more greyish brown, back often less reddish.
1 3 ad., Ansus, Jobi, ex coll. Guillemard. “ Iris yellow, bill greyish blue,
tarsus blue.”
3 8 ad., Serni, Jobi, bought from natives by W. Doherty.
1 3 ad., Sarmi, opposite Arimao Islands, long. 139°, purchased by Doherty.
1 3 immat., Waropen, purchased by Doherty.
2 8 ad., Humboldt’s Bay, bought by Doherty.
d juy., Tana Mera, October 1896. W, Doherty
( 80 )
©. Specimens from the Beran Peninsula and Kapaur (true magnifica) :
?, Mansinam, 27. v. 1875. Bruijn’s hunters. (No. «. of Orn. Pap. list.)
?, Kapaur, February 1897, W. Doherty coll.
D. Specimens without localities, but evidently all from Dutch New Guinea—
very variable, especially in the colour of the secondaries, though of the same
preparation and bought at the same time in London.
33 ¢ ad, 1 fo immat., 2 ¢ juv., 3 %, 1 od ad. with bleached whitish
secondaries, 1 ¢@- ad. with two white primaries and several white wing-coverts,
29 ad. with four elongated thread-like rectrices !
59. Diphyllodes gulielmitertii Meyer.
7 fo ad. round skins, 1 ¢ ad. flat Papuan skin, with no exact locality.
1 3 ad. shot by a native between Bongu and Stephansort in German New
Guinea, April 1899, received from E. Nyman.
60. Semioptera wallacii wallacii Gould.
¢ ad., Batjan, December 1883. Gnuillemard coll.
3 in moult, Batjan, November 1883. Powell coll.
2, Batjan, 12. x. 1883. Powell coll.
? juv., Batjan, 17. iv. 1894. W. Kiikenthal coll.
6 go ad.,4 d juv., 7 22%, Batjan, August— September 1897. W. Doherty coll.
61. Semioptera wallacii halmaherae Salvad.
5d ad., 1 d immat., 1 ¢ juv., 2 2 2, trade-skins from Halmahera.
z
3 ? trade-skins from Halmahera, cotypes of Semioptera gouldi Boue.
3 ad., Patani, Halmahera, from Doherty.
?, Pajahe, Halmahera, Bruijn coll., specimen ¢’ of the list in Orn. Pap. ii.
p. O74.
62. Paradisea apoda apoda L.
33 ad., 2 d juv., flat native skins, without labels.
2 3 ad., 2 d juv., 1 % ad., round skins, without labels.
1 2, Wanambai, Kobroor, 25. vi. 1896. Cayley Webster coll.
3d juv., 1 2, Kobroor, August—September 1900. H. Kiihn coll. “ Iris
yellow, feet plumbeons, bill greyish blue.”
1 2, Trangan, 20. ix. 1900. H. Kiibn coll. ‘
Only inhabiting the Aru Islands.
63. Paradisea apoda novaeguineae Alb. & Salvad.
1d ad., Fly River, 23. vii. 1877, collector’s no. 355, D’Albertis coll.
1 3 juy., Fly River, 18. vii. 1877, collector’s no. 885. D’Albertis coll.
64. Paradisea minor minor Shaw.
6 3 ad., Etna Bay, August 1896. Cayley Webster coll.
1 dg juv., Triton Bay, July 1896. Cayley Webster coll.
2 f juv., 1 ¢ Kapanr, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2g juv., 1 2, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 gd ad.,2 fd juv., 4 22, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll,
( 81)
1 dad. “ Iris yellow, feet lead-blue, bill pale slaty blue.”
1 3 ad. without exact locality, ex Guillemard coll.
1 dad, 9 3 immat., without locality.
1 2, Arfak, 13. v. 1875, Bruijn coll. (Specimen 7” of the list in Orn. Pap. ii.
p. 979.)
65. Paradisea minor jobiensis Rothsch.
1 ¢ ad., Jobi, 9. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll. “Iris lemon, bill lavender,
tarsus blue-grey, length 392 mm.” Type of P. m. jobiensis !
1 6 ad., Jobi, Guillemard coll.
6 ad., Jobi, 10. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll. “ Length 402 mm.”
6 ad., Jobi, 9. xi. 1883. Powell coll. “ Length 372 mm.”
3 immat., Ansus, Jobi, 7. iv. 1875. Beccari coll.
?, Ansus, Jobi, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (z”’ of the list in Orn, Pap. ii.).
3 juv., Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 22, Marai and Maraguri, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3 ad. without locality, Michigan University Museum, no. B. 226 a, ex
Beal & Steere. Type of P. minor var. albescens Mussch., artefact (cf. Tierreich,
Paradiseidae, p. 48).
1 d ad., 1 ¢ immat., without locality.
a ee |
66. Paradisea minor finschi Meyer.
3 6 ad., 1 ? ad., 1 d imm., German New Guinea, Cotton & Webster coll., 1894.
3 ¢ ad. Konstantinhafen. Kubary coll.
3g ad.,2 d juv., 2 $2, Stephansort, January 1899. E. Nyman coll.
67. Paradisea augustaevictoriae Cab.
_ 8 ad. in nuptial dress, 1 d ad. without long plumes, Simbang, German New
Guinea, February 1894. Cotton & Webster coll.
1 g ad., Meming saun, 300 m. high, German New Guinea, June 1892. “ Iris
gelb.” Bruno Geisler coll. (ex A. B. Meyer).
1 J ad., “ Huon Golf,” German New Guinea, 3. x. 1890. Purchased from G.
Schneider in Basel.
1 ¢ ad., Finschhafen, German New Guinea. C. Hunstein coll. Purchased
from G. Schneider in Basel.
1 og ad, 4 39, Simbang, German New Guinea, 1899. “Iris gelb.” 4H.
Nyman coll.
‘1 8,1 &, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, June 1899. E. Nyman coll.
68. Paradisea intermedia Vis.
1 3g ad., Coomassie River, north-east coast of British New Guinea (no. T52),
oue of the cotypes, received in exchange.
4 3 ad.,1 3 imm., 3 @ juv., 1 ?, inland of Holuicote Bay. Rohn coll.
1 3 ad.,1 3d imm., “North coast,” British New Guinea, 4000 ft. Authony
cll. “ Bye yellow, feet dark blue, bill light blue.”
4 gad.,2 3 imm.,1 3 juv., 3 ? ¢, Collingwood Bay, June 1897. A. 8. Meek
coll. “Iris bright yellow, feet light chocolate, bill milky blue.”
( 82 )
69. Paradisea raggiana Scl.
10 g ad., 1 ¢ immat., Mailu district, British New Guinea, July—August 1895.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 ¢ ad., 1 fo immat., Brown River. Emil Weiske coll.
2 6 ad., 2 fd immat., 2 22, Nicura. Lix coll.
4 ¢ ad., Milne Bay, British New Guinea, Meek coll., Oct. 1898,
3 ¢ ad., Oriori district, January 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
2g ad., Mt. Cameron. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 & ad., Owen Stanley Range, 7000 ft. Bought from Schneider in Basel.
1 2, British New Guinea, 1879. A. Goldie coll.
1 2, Hall Bay, British New Guinea, 10. vii. 1875. D’Albertis & Tomasinelli
coll. (No. 231), specimen /? of the list in Orn. Pap. ii.
We find all our specimens from the Mailu district, except one, have the yellow
colour spread over the interscapulium, as also those from Milne Bay and Nicura,
while those from Mt. Cameron and Brown River have the yellow colour sharply cut
off on the hindneck ; two of the three from Oriori are somewhat intermediate in this
respect, while the third resembles the Mt. Cameron specimens. These facts indicate
the possibility of the existence of an eastern and western subspecies. On the Fly
River, where P. raggiana occurs together with P. a. novaeguineae, Signor D’Albertis
procured a number of evident hybrids, which display an almost complete inter-
gradation of the characters of the two species. The Tring Museum has one of
these hybrids:
1 3 ad., Fly River, 25. x. 1877. D’Albertis coll. (No. 763), specimen / of the
list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 621.
70. Paradisea decora Naly. & Godm.
1 3 ad., Normanby Island, D’Entrecasteaux group, 20. viii. 1899. “ Iris bright
yellow, feet light brown (should rather be bluish slaty ?), bill blue-slate.” A. 8.
Meek coll, No. 2677.
2 3 ad., Fergusson Island, D’Entrecasteaux group, 19. 20. v.1897. “ Iris
bright yellow, feet dark slate, bill milky bluish slate.” A. 8. Meek coll., Nos.
312, 316.
1 g ad., Fergusson Island, December 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
1 fg ad., Fergusson Island, bought from the late H. Whitely. >
1 d immat., Fergusson Island, bought from the late H. Whitely. } cotypes.
3 ¢ without decorative long side-plumes, but with fully developed thread-like
central rectrices, chest lilac-grey, abdomen rusty brownish, with or without indica-
tions of bars, Fergusson Island, May 1897, Nos. 244, 315, 367, A. S. Meek coll.
1 3 in the same plumage, abdomen with some bars, Fergusson Island, 23. viil.
1899, A. S. Meek coll., No. 2681.
2 ¢ immat., with narrow spatulate central rectrices and barred chest and breast,
Fergusson Island, September and December 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
1 d immat. in the same plumage, Fergusson Island, 23. iii, 1897. A. 8.
Meek coll., No. 371.
1 3 juv. in female’s plumage, Fergusson Island, cotype, purchased from H.
Whitely.
1 ¢ juv. in female's plumage, Fergusson Island, 15. v. 1897.“ Iris bright
yellow, feet reddish slate, bill blue-slate.” A. S. Meek coll., No. 265.
( 83 )
1 ¢ without label.
3 2, Fergusson Island, May 1897 and August 1899. “Tris bright yellow
(greenish yellow), feet reddish slate (fleshy slate, light brownish), bill blue-slate
(dark brownish slate).” A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 310, 372, 2680.
71. Paradisea gulielmi Cab.
4 fd ad., German New Guinea, Cotton & Webster coll., 1894.
1 d ad., Nason, German New Guinea, ca. 1600 m., July 1892. “Iris braun.”
Bruno Geisler coll.
1 3 ad., Sattelberg, German New Guinea, July 1892. “Iris braun.” Brano
Geisler coll.
1 J ad., Sattelberg, 5. vi. 1899. EH. Nyman coll. “ Iris gelb.”
24 juv. in female’s plumage, Sattelberg, 26. vi., 9. ix. 1899. KE. Nyman coll.
“Tris gelb.”
5 $2, Sattelberg, June 1899. E. Nyman coll. “ Iris gelb.”
1 2, Simbang, 3. viii. 1899. E. Nyman coll. “ Iris gelb.”
2 22%, Sattelberg, July 1892. Bruno Geisler coll. “ Iris braun.”
72. Paradisea rudolphi (Finsch).
2d ad.,4 2%, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, August—September 1896.
-“Tris dark brown (dark blue), feet light grey (dark grey), bill whitish blue (light
bluish).” A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 6 ad. (tail in moult), 1 2 in moult, Hafa district, 5000—6000 ft., between Mts
Alexander and Bellamy, October 1895. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 g ad., Kotoi district, August 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 3,1 ? (@m moult), Oriori district, 3000—3500 ft., January 1896. “ Food,
inseets and berries.” A. 8. Anthony coll.
2G ad.,1 2, Mt. Gaivara, near Mt. Victoria, 1898, 2000—9000 ft. (Collector
unknown).
1 3 ad., “ Owen Stanley Mts.,” purchased.
73. Paradisea rubra Daud.
3 ad., Waigiu, 15. xi. 1883. “Iris red-brown, bill greenish yellow, tarsus
brownish green.” H. Guillemard coll.
1, Waigin Gulf, Waigiu, 26. x. 1883. H. Guillemard coll. (marked 6, but
apparently a female ; at least doubtless a female if the next specimen is a female.
?, Momos, Waigin, 26. x. 1883. “Length 340 mm. Iris brown, bill greenish
yellow, tarsus brownish green.” H. Guillemard coll.
3 ad., Waigiu, October 1883. Powell coll.
3 immat., Momos, Waigiu, 27. x. 1883. “ Length 350 mm.” 4H. Guillemard
coll.
3 immat., Chabrol Bay, Waigiu, 27. x. 1883. Powell coll.
%, Waigin, 25, vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 0’ of the list in Orn. Pap.
ii. p. 625.)
1 J ad., 3 B juv., trade skins without locality.
1 3 ad., Waigiu, 1897 (bought by W. Doherty).
( 84 )
74. Manucodia ater ater (Less.)
A. Specimens from Arfak (typ. loc.), Western New Guinea, and Western
Papuan Islands.
3 $d, 2 2%, Dorey, June, October, 1896, 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris pale
orange-yellow.” (Dorey is the typical locality for the species.) do, wing 170—172 ;
“9” 185, 165 mm.
1 3, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll. Wing 187 mm.
29,1 2, Takar, October, November 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris pale
orange.” 6, wing 168; 2, 160 mm.
1 3, Mansinam, 13. iv. 1897. Bruijn coll. (Specimen m of the list in Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 505.)
1 Waropen, bought by W. Doherty from natives.
2 $6, 1 2, Mysol, January 1909. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1856, 1910, 1911.
“ Tris vermilion.” do, wing 182, 188; ?, 180 mm.
1 2, Batanta, July 1897. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4” in the list in Orn,
Pap. ii. p. 506.)
4 $3,229, Waigiu, October, November 1883. Guillemard coll. “Iris dall
orange.”
B. Specimens from German New Guinea.
1, German New Guinea. Cotton & Webster coll. Wing 160 mm.
1, Konstantinhafen. Kubary coll. Wing 170 mm.
1 3, Sattelberg, June 1889. E. Nyman coll. “Iris red.” Wing 171 mm.
These specimens belong decidedly to the smaller race, the typical ater, not to
the larger south-eastern form.
75. Manucodia ater altera subsp. nov.
A. Specimens from Eastern (British) New Guinea and the Eastern Papuan
Islands.
“2” (2d), Mailu district, British New Guinea, July—August 1895. A. 8.
Anthony coll. (Wing 193.)
1 3, “ Mt. Victoria,” 1896. Purchased in London. Wing 194 mm.
13, 1%, Yule Island, October 1875. D’Albertis coll: (Nos. 670, 671.)
(Specimens g”? and 7” * of the list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 507. (fb, wing 202; 2, 186.)
3d, 3 9, Sudest Island, April 1898. A. 8. Meek coll. ‘Iris red, bill and
feet black.” (Nos. 1724, 1729, 1735, 1736, 1761, 1766.) (6, wing 195, 206, 206;
?, 194, 198, 198.)
B. Specimens from the Aru Islands.
2 ¢ ad.,1 2 imm., Trangan, Aru Islands, September 1900. H. Kiihn coll., ©
Nos. 2456, 2451, 2453. “ Tris yellowish vermilion (yellowish brown), bill and feet
black.”
1 $ ad., Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru, September 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2452.
“ Tris yellow-orange.”
1 $ ad., Vokan, Aru, October 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2455.
2g ad., Dobbo, Aru, 31. ii. 1897. “Iris vermilion.” H. Kiihn coll., Nos.
414, 415.
1 g,1 2 ad., Dobbo, Aru, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
(85)
4 ad., Dobbo, Aru, May—June 1896. Cayley Webster coll. (Nos. 150, 106, 186,
one withont no.).
(Males, wing 193, 197, 195, 200, 205 ; females, 180, 185, 180.)
Specimens from the south-eastern parts of New Guinea—namely, British New
Guinea and the Lonisiade Islands (Sudest)—are so much larger (wing in males
193—206 mm., bill about 40—44, against wing (¢) 168—183, bill 35—40 in typical
ater) that. we are obliged to separate them under a new subspecific name. The bill
is altogether stronger (less slender) and higher, and generally longer, tail and wings
longer. In adult birds the head is generally less greenish than in typical afer.
The Aru specimens are, as far as we can see, perfectly similar to those from
Sndest Island and British New Guinea, while those we have been able to examine
from German New Guinea belong decidedly to the smaller form. This is
extraordinary, and not at all what we would have expected. In Manucodia
chalybata, for example, we find that the specimens from German New Guinea go
better with the race inhabiting British New Guinea (which in this case is the smaller
one), and in the genus Phonygammus we find the form occupying the Aru Islands
to be the same as that from Dutch New Guinea, while in British New Guinea
occurs a rather different one.
Young birds of both races of I. arer are duller and much more greenish.
Type of Manucodia ater altera: & ad., Sudest Island, Louisiade Islands,
16. iv. 1898. “Iris dark red, bill and feet black.” No. 1735. A.S. Meek coll.
76. Manucodia chalybata chalybata (Penn.)
Larger race, with larger bills.
4 gd, Kapaur, December 1896, February 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris
orange ; trachea forming a single loop under the skin of the breast and abdomen.”
Wings : 171, 175, 176, 182 mm.
1 2 ad., 2 2 juv., Kapaur, December 1896, ‘(Iris deep chestnut, bill and feet
black (? juv.);” ¢ ad.: wing, 173 mm.
While we cannot recognise any constant differences in colour between J. c.
chalybata and M. c. orientalis, we find that the bills of the latter are invariably
smaller, being as a rule shorter and always much slenderer, and that the wings and
tails are generally a little shorter, though the length of the wings is not a character
to rely upon. The different structure of the feathers above the eye supposed to
exist by Count Salvadori, and the colour differences do not hold good.
Young birds have the head dull blackish, with little metallic gloss, the feathers
being smooth or little curly. The under surface, on which the purplish blue
abdomen stands out in striking contrast to the green foreneck, is more uniform
greenish, so that such birds somewhat resemble M. jobiensis.
77. Manucodia chalybata orientalis Salvad.
Manucodia orientalis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova (2) xvi. p. 103 (1896 : Owen Stanley
Mountains). .
Smaller race, with considerably smaller bills.
2 (fere adult), Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Mountains, August 1896. A. 8.
Anthony coll. Wing of one 177 mm.
1 3,1 ?(?), Oriori district, British New Guinea, January 1896. A. 8,
Anthony coll. Both with wings 170 mm., evidently both of the same sex.
( 86 )
1 ad., British New Guinea “ low country,” purchased from Mellwraith. Wing
172 mm.
1 ad., Brown River, British New Guinea, 1898. E. Weiske coll. Wing 172 mm.
1 ad., “near Port Moresby,” purchased from Mellwraith. Wing 173 mm.
2d ad., 2 2? (Lad.), Milne Bay, October 1888, Febrnary 1899. A. S. Meek
coll. “Tris red.” Wing odo 176,176; %,170 mm.
1 dimm., 1 2, Collingwood Bay, June 1897. A.S. Meek coll. 2, wing 170 mm.
2 ad., Konstantinhafen. Kubary coll. Wing 170, 180 mm.
1 ad., German New Guinea. Cotton & Webster coll. Wing 170 mm.
1 g, Stephansort, 1899. E. Nyman coll. Wing 170 mm.
78. Manucodia jobiensis jobiensis Salvad.
1 adult, sex unknown, bought from natives at Serui, Jobi, by W. Doherty.
Wing 180 mm.
1 2 ad., Serni, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll. Wing 173 mm.
M. jobiensis is hardly more than a subspecies of M. chalybata. (Cf. Noy. Zoot.
1898. p. 84; Tierreich, Paradiseidae, p. 45.)
79. Manucodia jobiensis rubiensis Meyer.
3 ad., Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. Wing 169 mm.
2, Takar, October 1896. “‘ Iris pale orange, bill and feet black.” W. Doherty
coll. Wing 159 mm.
1 juv., Wanti, Waropen, bought from natives by Doherty.
Only separable by a little smaller size and perhaps more greenish tinge, though
the latter may be more or less due to immaturity.
80. Manucodia comrii Scl.
2 ad. without locality.
3 ad. said to be from New Ireland, but this is doubtless an error. (Collected
by a missionary.)
3d ad., 2 2? ad, Fergusson Island, 1894 and 1895. A. 8. Meek coll.
1 $ ad., Fergusson Island, June 1897, A. 8. Meek coll., No. 555, (One white
secondary in the left wing.)
2 g ad., Normanby Island, D’Entrecasteanx group, August 1901. “ Iris dark
red, bill and feet black.” A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 3600, 3601.
1 ? ad., Goodenough Island, May 1899. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 2512. “ Iris
dark red.”
A good adult Manucodia comrii is a truly magnificent bird.
Tar Gexus PHONYGAMMUS.
So far we are acquainted with four different forms of the genus Phonygammus,
or Phonygama of those authors who do not preserve the original spelling of names.
Since one of us wrote the Paradiseidae, Lieferung 2. of the Tverreich, we have
accumnlated a much better material of the genus. We find that it is perfectly
correct to separate four forms, but, in view of the coloration of the young and of the
similarity of the old birds, together with the fact that they are geographical repre-
sentatives, we prefer now to treat them merely as subspecies. Of three of the
( 87 )
forms—namely, of heraudreni, jamesi, and hunsteini—we have the birds in the first
and transitional plumages, and our material shows that the first plumage of all
(presumably also that of P/. gould?) is raven-black (black with a purplish tinge).
Then follows as a rule a more or less greenish plumage, while the really old birds
alone have the (more or less) beautiful steel-hlne or purple colours, which are only
absent in P. gouldi.
We have the following specimens :—
81. Phonygammus keraudreni keraudreni (Less. & Garnier).
1 dad., 2 2 ad., Dorey, Berau Peninsula, June 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris
bright orange, bill and feet black.”
The two females may be described as steel-blue with a greenish sheen, the
wings glossed with purple, while the made is almost without a greenish sheen, more
blue and almost purplish blue.
1 g, Kapanr, January 1897. “ Iris orange, bill and feet black.” W. Doherty
coll. (Unfortunately half destroyed by Dermestes.) Apparently like the d ad.
from Dorey.
1 semi-ad. (moulting from the raven-black plumage to that of the adult birds
before us), Malayan trade-skin, probably from Arfak.
] juy., in raven-black plumage, good native-made skin, probably from the north
coast, east of Geelvink Bay, judging from its preparation.
1 ad., Triton Bay, 25. vii. 1896, Capt. Cayley Webster coll. “Iris yellow,
bill and feet black.” (No. 281.)
1 dad., Trangan, Aru Islands, 14. ix. 1900. “ Iris reddish yellow, bill and feet
black.” Upperside very strongly glossed with purple. H. Kiihn coll. (no number).
3 ¢ ad., Wanambai, Kobroor Island, Aru Islands, 4. iii., 2. ix. 1900. “ Iris
bright yellow-red (orange).” H. Kiihn coll. (Nos. 2498, 2499, 2500.)
3 imm., Wanambai, Kobroor, 3. ix, 1900. “Iris bright brown, bill and feet
black.” Not so purplish and blnish as the fully adult one; wings and tail still in
the first black plumage. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2497.
We cannot separate the Aru specimens from those of Dutch New Guinea.
82. Phonygammus keraudreni gouldi (Gray).
Altogether steel-green, and never developing any pure blue or purple colours ;
the female still more greenish, somewhat oily in appearance.
1 g,1 ¢, Cape York. (Probably coll. by Cockerell.)
1 “ 3,” Cape York (same skin), bought from H. Whitely.
lad., Australia, 1876. Ex coll. Walter Chamberlain.
1 ad., Cape York, Cockerell, 1874. Ex coll. A. yon Hiigel. (Same skin as
the others from Cape York.)
This form is easily distinguishable from typical heraudreni.
83. Phonygammus keraudreni jamesi Sharpe.
The fully adult bird is very conspicuous by its splendid shining green and very
long neck-feathers and occipital feathers, purplish blue back and reddish violet wings
and tail. The less old birds closely resemble Aeraudreni, but the neck-feathers are
much greener, while the raven-black young bird in first plumage is like that
of keraudreni,
( 88 )
We have in the Tring Museum the following specimens :—
4 ad., Mt. Cameron, 6000 ft., August 1896. Anthony coll. “Eye yellow
and black.” (Evidently it is meant that the iris is yellow, the pupil black.)
1 3,1 2 ad., Bafa district, between Mts. Alexander and Bellamy, 5000—6000
ft., October 1795. A.S. Anthony coll. “ Eye red and blue.”
2« "(21 ), Oriori district. British New Guinea, 1896. “ Eye dark yellow,
black eyeball”; “ Bye pink, light grey eyeball.” A. 8. Anthony coll.
2 ad., Owen Stanley Mountains, one evidently Anthony’s skin.
limm., Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Mountains.
1 ad., “ Richardson Range,” 2000—4000 ft. (Doubtless one of Emil Weiske’s
skins. Bought from Gerrard.)
1 imm., between Rivers Laroki and Vanapa, E. Weiske coll.
2 imm., 1 young in blackish plumage, Brown River 1898, E. Weiske coll.
84. Phonygammus keraudreni hunsteini Sharpe.
The large size (long wing) and distinctly boat-shaped tail of adult birds, the
latter not seen in any other form of the genus, easily distinguish this form from
the rest. Head and neck dark green with an oily lustre, rest of plumage deep dark
violet ; young rayen-black as in the others.
28d ad.,1 2? ad.,2 ¢ juv., 1 ¢ juv., Fergusson Island, 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
1 d ad.,1 3 juv., 1 ? juv., Fergusson Island, June 1897. “Iris red.” A. 5,
Meek coll. (Nos. 554, 568, 581).
1 ? ad., Goodenough Island, 20. xii. 1896. “Tris bright red with a yellow
inner ring.”
Only known from Fergusson and Goodenough Islands. The alleged occurrence
in New Guinea is evidently erroneous.
85. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus pyrrhopterus (Bp.).
8 ad., Halmahera, Bruijn coll., 1874. (Specimens 4, ¢, d, 0, p, t, wu, « of the list
in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 494.)
1 ad., Halmahera, Guillemard coll., erroneously labelled as coming from Obi !
1 3, Oba, Halmahera, 10. i. 1894. Kiikenthal coll.
1 3, Gani, Halmahera, November 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris very dark
brown, feet and bill black.”
233, 5 29, Batjan, August 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris deep crimson ”
in adult birds.
86. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus morotensis Schleg.
3, Morty. Dumas coll.
1, “ Morty,” bought from Gerrard.
87. Lycocorax pyrrhopterus obiensis Bernst.
1 $, Obi Major, 12. x. 1883. Guillemard coll. ‘“ Length 440 mm.”
1 2, Obi Major, 12. x. 1883. Powell coll. “ Length 440 mm.”
7 3d,6 2%, Obi Major, September 1897. W. Doherty coll,
( 89 )
The following forms are still desiderata in the Tring Museam :—
1. Chlamydera lauterbachi Rehw., German New Guinea.
Unique type in the Berlin Museum.
2. Nanthomelus aurea ardens D’ Alb. & Salvad., Fly River.
Only known from the two specimens in Genoa.
3. Janthothorax bensbachi Biitt., Datch New Guinea.
Unique in the Leyden Musenm.
4. Paryphephorus duivenbodei (Mey.), Dutch New Guinea.
Unique in the Dresden Museum.
5. Ptilorhis alberti Ell.*, N. Queensland.
Adult males wanting!
6. Drepanornis albertisi geisleri Mey., German New Guinea.
Only known from 1 2 in the Dresden Museum !
7. Falcinellus ellioti (Ward).
8. Cicinnurus lyogyrus Currie. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxii. p. 497, 1900).
Unique in the U.S. Nat. Museum in Washington.
9. Paradisea maria Rehw., German New Guinea.
Only known from the type inthe Berlin Museum. We are convinced that
this is a hybrid between Paradisea augustaevictoriae and gulielmi.
The Tring Museum alone possesses—as far as we are aware—examples of
Amblyornis flavifrons (3), Loboparadisea sericea (3), Parotia duivenbodei (1),
Loborhamphus nobilis (1), Janthothorax mirabilis (1), and Falcinellus astrapioides (1).
VILL. CORVIDAE.
1. Corvus orru orru Bp.
Corvus orrw Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 385 (1850: New Guinea, ex Miill. MS. in Mus, Ludg.).
Corvus orru has first been described by Bonaparte, /.c. The birds from
Dutch New Guinea must be taken for the “ typical ” orrw. Count Salvadori (Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 486) questions the identity of some examples from Yule Island, South
New Guinea, which he says are larger, and thinks that those from British New
Guinea are the same. While we have no examples from Yule Island, we have
several from British New Guinea and the Louisiade Islands, but we cannot detect
any differences from specimens from Dutch New Guinea. The female differs from
the male in being considerably smaller, but on our various females the iris is
marked light (or bright) blue, as well as in the males, though Powell describes
it as brown! It seems therefore that Salvadori’s statement of the females having
a blackish iris is not correct. We have the following Papuan specimens which
we believe to be typical orru :—
1 2, Mysol, 4. xii. 1883. Powell coll.
1 3, Mysol, 12. 1.1900. “Trish bluish grey.” H. Kiihn coll.
1 2, Salwatti, 19. xi. 1883. “Iris brown.”
1 2, Salwatti, 14. v. Bruijn coll.
1 3, Momos, Waigiu, 23. x. 1883. “Length 47-4 em. Iris pearl-grey.”
Guillemard coll.
1 ?, Ron Island, July 1897. “Tris pale blue.’ W. Doherty coll.
1 3 (jun.!), Dorey, 31. iii. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen w of the list in
Orn, Pap. ii.)
* P. intercedens and alberti should be treated as subspecies of magnifica.
( 90 )
1 2 ad., Neosmapi I., Dorey, 13. xi. 1883. “ Length 46-4 em. Iris sky-blue.”
H. Guillemard coll.
1 ad., “ Fly River.” Purchased from H. Whitely.
1 ad., British New Guinea. A. Goldie, 1879.
lad., Nieura. Lix coll.
229, Goodenongh Island, December 1896. “Tris bright blue, outer ring
white.’ A. S. Meek coll, Nos. 18, 19.
1 ad., Fergusson Island. A. 8S. Meek coll.
12, Woodlark I., 19. iii, 1897. “Iris pale sky-blue.” A. S, Meek coll.,
No. 139.
29,1 2%,Sudest Island, Lonisiade group, March, April 1898. “Iris, d light
blue, 2 sky-blue, with whiter outer circle.” A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 1613, 1645, 1714.
1 3 ad., St. Aignan, Lonisiade group, 20. viii. 1897. “Iris dirty white,”
A. 8S. Meek coll., No. 848.
The specimens from the Lonisiades belong distinctly to the larger form,
C. orru orru. Our specimen from Waigiu is smaller than typical orrw, wing 305,
but larger than those from New Britain.
2. Corvus orru insularis Heinroth.
Corvus insularis Heinroth, J. f. O. 1903, p. 69 (Typus: Gazelle-Halbinsel, Neu-Pommern = New
Britain).
Dr. Heinroth has quite correctly separated the birds of New Britain from
those of New Guinea. He states that they differ by their smaller size and blue
iris of females and males. We find the smaller size the only difference, as the
alleged brown iris of the females is not confirmed by our females collected by
Meek, Doherty, and Kiihn. The wings of our two examples from New Britain
measure: 292 and about 290 mm. (much worn), and the bills and wings and feet
are smaller than C. 0. orru.
Dr. Heinroth unites the crows from Waigiu and North Celebes (!) with his
insularis. It seems indeed that specimens from Waigiu are, as a rule, smaller
than typical orrw, but they have evidently larger bills and wings than zxsuaris,
and it is desirable to study more material before advancing a theory of such a
peculiar distribution as “New Britain and Waigin” for a subspecies—with the
whole of Papua between the two localities inhabited by another form. “North
Celebes” is even worse, being an absolute error. It is well known, and there is
sufficient material in many museums (Tring, Dresden, London, for example) to
show that the Celebesian crow is Corvus enca. It is true that C. enca is most
similar to the small race of C. orrw, Heinroth’s znsularis, having the same wing-
measurements, but it has generally a smaller bill and a less deep blackish, less
purplish glossy underside (breast), and both sexes have always a deep brown,
not blue, iris. (Cf. Meyer & Wiglesworth, B. of Celedves ii.)
It would perhaps be correct to treat C. orrw as a subspecies of C. enca, but
in any case they are sufficiently distinct not to be confounded. The geographical
distribution alone should have prevented Dr. Heinroth’s uniting the Celebes crow
with that from New Britain.
We have only two specimens :—
3%, New Britain, 10. vii. 1880, November 1880. Native name “ Kott Kott.”
J. Kleinschmidt coll. (No. 15,574 Museum Godeffroy, Nos. 275, 621 Kleinschm,
coll.)
( 91 )
3. Macrocorax fuscicapillus (Gray).
Corvus fuscicapillus G. R. Gray, P. ZS. 1859, p. 157 (Aru).
] juv., underside whitish with ashy-brown tips to the feathers, bill white with
dusky tips. Without locality (? Aru).
1 med., dull dark ashy all over, bill white with dusky tip. Without locality
(from Bruijn’s hunters, according to make of skin).
1 ad., ? Waiginu (from Bruijn’s hunters). Black all over, bill black.
1 ad., Dobbo, Aru, 1. vi. 1896. “Iris pale blue.” Capt. Cayley Webster coll.,
No. 116.
1 fg ad., Trangan, Arn, 21. ix. 1900. “ Iris bright ultramarine blue, feet shiny
black, bill black.” H. Kiihn coll., No. 2464.
1 ? ad., Wokan, Arn, 30. ix. 1900. Iris, ete., the same. H. Kiihn coll.,
No. 2755.
1 2 vix ad., Kobroor, Aru, 28. viii. 1900. “Iris and feet as above, bill black
with white spots.” H. Kiihn coll., No. 2253.
The wonderfully high, arched bill alone would, for us, not be sufficient to
separate this bird generically, but the curious development of the coloration from a
more or less whitish young through an intermediate bluish grey state to the adult
raven-black plumage, is some reason for separation from Corvus in which both young
and old are blackish.
Gymnocorvus shows a somewhat similar case.
4. Gymnocorvus senex (Less.).
Corvus senex Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Atlas Pl, 24 (1826); Voy. Coqu. Zool. i. p. 651 (1828) (Dorey).
1 ? immat., Dorey, 14. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen d of the list in
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 491, where it is given erroneously as from 14. iii, 1875.)
1 ? juv., Andai. Bruijn coll.
1 3 ad., Dorey Hum, 8. January. Bruijn coll.
1 2 ad., Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 2 ad., 1 ¢d juy., Ron Island, July 1897. ¢ juv.: “ Iris pale blue, feet whitish,
soles ochreous, claws partly grey, partly white ; bill nearly white with a dark mark
on upper jaw.” ? ad.: “Iris chestnut, irregularly mixed with grey ; feet nearly
white, claws partly grey ; bill pale slate-blue, tip blackish, cheeks flesh-colour.”
W. Doherty coll.
1 g ad., Takar, October 1895. “ Ivis bluish white, feet dirty whitish, marked
with grey, claws dark grey ; bill pale slaty bluish, tip brown.”
1 2 immat., Terfia Island, October 1896. “Iris bluish white, bill and upper
jaw bluish, lower flesh-colour with dark spots.” W. Doherty coll.
1 immat., Etna Bay, 8. viii. 1896. “Iris pale blue.” C. Webster coll.,
No. 329.
1 g juv., Jobi Island, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 ad., 3 immat., 2 juv., Jobi Island. Bruijn coll.
1 immat., 1 juy., with Arabic labels, ? from Jobi. Brnijn coll.
1 @ vix ad., moulting, 1 remex mostly white, 1 rectrix partially, another
entirely white. Jobi. Bruijn coll.
1 3,1 % immat., Sattelberg. HE. Nyman coll.
1 3 immat., Konstantinhafen, 1887. Kubary coll,
( 92)
1 oS juy., Stephansort, 1899. “Tris blue.” E. Nyman coll.
1 3 juv., Mt. Cameron, 5000 ft., 5. ix. 1896. A. S. Anthony coll.
1 3 juv., Fergusson Island, 27. x. 1894. “Tris blue.” A. S. Meek coll.
In the deyelopment of colours—the young whitish, then more or less dusky, the
adult fuscous, or more or less slaty—this bird agrees somewhat with Macrocorac,
but the bill is rather differently shaped, the sides of the head bare.
IX. LANITDAE.
1. Cracticus cassicus (Bodd.).
We have a large series of this very common species :-—
5 dg ad., 2 2 ad. Kapaur, December 1896, February 1897. “Iris very deep
brown, feet black, bill bluish-white, tip black.” W. Doherty coll.
1 dg ad., 1 3d immat. (most of the back black), Dorey. Bruijn coll. (Specimens
and g¢’ of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii. pp. 186, 187.)
1 3 ad., Dorey, 13. xi. 1883. Powell coll. “ Iris brown.”
4 fg ad. 1 2 ad., Dorey, October, November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 nestling, somewhere in Dutch New Guinea, bought from Duivenbode 1899.
1g ad, 2 ¢ ad. Biak, October 1896. W. Doherty. “TIris very deep
chestnut.”
1 d ad., 1 3 immat., 1 ? juv., Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
24d,1 2%, Ron Island, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 2 vix ad., Ramoi, New Guinea, 4. ii. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen ¢” of
Salvadori’s list, /.c.)
1 2 ad., Mansinam, 27. v. 1875. (Specimen s’ of Salvadori’s list, /.c.)
1 ? vix ad., “ Céte septentrion. 136° 30’—137° long. HE.” Bruijn coll.
1 2? ad., Sorong, March 1884. Brnijn coll.
1 ¢ ad. (very white back), Ausus, Jobi. Bruijn coll.
1 $, Marai, Jobi, 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 2 (back with much black), Batanta, 22. vi. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen
x” of Salvadori’s list, /.c.)
1 juy., Salwatty, ex coll. Guillemard.
2 labelled “Waigiu, Wallace,” ex coll. Bartlett, Nos. 5847 a, 6.
2 34,3 29, Mysol, January, February 1900, “ Iris very dark coffee-brown.”
H. Kiibn coll.
2 35,2 22%, Dobbo, Arn, August 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1 juv., Dobbo, Aru, 26. v. 1896. Capt. Cayley Webster coll.
1 ?,Arn. Wallace coll.
1 3,3 2%, Simbang, German New Guinea, August 1899. E. Nyman coll.
2 33,2 22%, Stephansort, German New Guinea, 1899. E. Nyman coll.
2, Fergusson Island, 1894. A. 8S. Meek coll.
1 2 ad., Goodenough Island, 17. xii. 1896. “Tris very dark brown.” A. 8.
Meek coll.
1 ? juv., Kiriwini, Trobriand Islands, 15. ii. 1895. ‘Iris hazel.” A. Ss.
Meek coll.
1 ? ad., Milne Bay, 1898. A. 8. Meek coll.
2 2 ad., Nicura, British New Guinea, Lix coll,
(93 )
2. Cracticus quoyi (Less.).
Barita quoyi Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Atlas Pl. 14 (1826) ; Lesson, in Férussac’s Bull. Se. Nat. x. p. 289
(1827) ; Lesson, Voy. Cogu. Zool. i. p. 639 (1828: typus ex Dorey, New Guinea),
1 ? ad., Mysol, 4. xi. 1883. “ Length 35:4 em.” Guillemard coll.
2 g ad., Mysol, December 1883. “ Length 361, 385 mm.” Powell coll.
1 3 ad., Mysol, 17. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 1847. “Bill black, basal half
milk- white.”
1 2 ad., Salwatti, 17. xi. 1883. H. Guillemard coll.
1 dad. 1 ? ad., Kapaur, January 1897.
lad., Anday. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4 of the list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 190.)
lad., Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimen e of the list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 190.)
1 juv., with Arabic characters on labels. Bruijn’s hunters.
1 ? ad., Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
23,1 2 ad., Takar, October—November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 ad., Dobbo, Aru, June 1896. Capt. Cayley Webster coll., Nos. 139, 161.
1 ad., Wokan, Aru, 29. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2436.
1 ? ad., Maniom (?), Aru, 19, xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., No. 331.
1 2 ad., Stephansort, 18. xii. 1898. “ Iris roth.” E. Nyman coll.
1, British New Guinea, 1879. A. Goldie coll.
1 vix ad., Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley ranges, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896.
Native coll.
1 2 ad., Nicura, August 1893. Lix coll.
3. Cracticus louisiadensis Tristr.
Cracticus louisiadensis Tristram, Ibis 1889, p. 555 (Sudest Island),
Strepera rosa-alba De Vis, in Rep. on Brit. N. Guinea 1889, Birds, p. 3. (Cf. Nov. Zoou. 1898.
p. 522.)
2d ad.,1 2 imm., Sudest I., March—April 1898. A.S. Meek coll.
4. Pomareopsis bruijni (Salvad.).
1 J ad., Mts. British New Guinea. Anthony coll.
1 6g ad., Mailu district, 19. vii. 1895. Anthony coll. “ Eye light grey, bill and
feet light blue.”
2 2 ad., Oriori district, January 1896. Anthony coll.
23d,1 2, Mt. Cameron, September 1896. Anthony coll.
We hardly think that this form should be among the Laniidae.
Tue Genus PITOHUL*
5. Pitohui uropygialis (Gray).
Rectes uropygialis G, R. Gray, P. Z, S. 1861 pp. 430, 435 (Mysol).
1 3,1 %, Mysol, November 1883. H. Guillemard coll.
1 3, Mysol, 29. xi. 1883. “ Length 285 mm.” Powell coll.
1 ?, Mysol, 13. xii. 1883. (Marchesa expedition.)
Mr. Kiihn, who made a good collection on Mysol in 1900, did not obtain
specimens of this bird.
* Pitohui Lesson, Tr, d’ Orn. p. 375, 1831—Rectes Reichenbach, Syst. Av, tab, 65, 1850—Rhectes
auctorum,
( 94)
6. Pitohui aruensis (Sharpe). *
1, Wanambai, Arn, 23. vi. 1896. Cayley Webster coll., No. 195. “ Tris red, bill
and feet black.
1 dad., Sg. Bark, Kobroor, Aru Islands, 19. viii. 1900. “Tris reddish brown.”
H. Kiihn coll., No. 2345.
4 $6, more or less adult, Sg. Bark, Kobroor, Arn, August 1900. H. Kiihn
coll., Nos. 2344, 2346, 2350, 2353.
1 ¢ ad. without any black on the breast and abdomen, Sg. Bark, Kobroor, Aru,
24. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2448.
2 %2%,S8g. Bark, Kobroor, Aru, August 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2437, 2349.
7. Pitohui meridionalis (Sharpe).
Rectes meridionalis Sharpe, /bis, 1888, p. 437 (Astrolabe Mountains).
4 96d, Chads Bay, British New Guinea, July 1899. “ Iris dark red, feet slate,
bill black.” A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 2658, 2659, 2667, 2672.
Two of Meek’s specimens have the upper tail-coverts pure black, the two
others mixed with rufous-cinnamon. The latter are probably less adult.
1, Mt. Cameron, 5000—6000 ft., which agrees well with Meek’s supposed
younger specimens, but has the wings and tail a little shorter: wing 126, tail 113.
Probably this is a female.
Pitohui meridionalis is nearest to P. arvensis h arpe, but differs in its much
larger size (wing 130—133, tail 116—120, bill 29—30 mm.), lighter under-surface and
less deep, somewhat more yellowish rufous-cinnamon upperside, also the entire
absence of black mixture on the breast and abdomen. The scapulars are rufous-
cinnamon, not black.
The exact affinities between P. arwensis, P. analogus, P. dichrous, P. wropygialis,
P. decipiens, P. rubiensis, P. doherty (see below), and P. meridionalis are not
sufficiently clear to us to warrant our grouping them into subspecies, and therefore
we prefer for the present to treat of them binomially.
8. Pitohui dichrous (Bp.).
236,2 $9, Hatam, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
2 22, Babinjai, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
24d,3 2%,2(?), Arfak. Bruijn coll. 1874, 1875, 1888. (Specimens 4, g, 4,
m,n, 8 of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 195.)
1 3, Mt. Maori, 3000 ft. (near Humboldt Bay), January 1899. J. M.
Dumas coll.
1, Mt. Maori (near Humboldt Bay). J. M. Dumas coll.
2 33,1 $, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 7, 10. vi. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 g,2 2%, Simbang, German New Guinea, 6, 15, 19. viii. 1899. “Iris gelb.”
£. Nyman coll.
1, “ Astrolabe Mountains.” Goldie coll.
* Through the kindness of Geh. Hofrath Dr. A. B. Meyer, we have been able to examine one of the
types of Ihectes analogus A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. f. Orn. i. p, 284, and there is no doubt that it belongs to
R. aruensis, Our series shows the complete intergradation between the supposed analogus and aruensis,
the former name being given to young birds and adult females, avwensis in the first instance to
adult males.
( 95 )
2 $6, Collingwood Bay, 5, 9. vi. 1899. “Iris dark red, bill and feet black.”
A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 2566, 2591.
The specimen from the Astrolabe Mountains and No. 2591 of Meek’s are slightly
paler than the rest of the specimens.
9. Pitohui dohertyi sp. nov.
Similar to P. dichrous but much larger, with breast and abdomen lighter
and more ochraceous, upperside darker chestnut-rufons in some individuals.
Hab. Rou Island in the Geelvink Bay.
Type: 3, Ron, June 1897. W. Doherty coll., No. 769.
Mr. Doherty sent 3 dd and 2 2%, June 1897. “Iris deep brown, feet and
bill black.”
73d,2 22, July 1897.
Measurements: wing 127—130, tail 115—123, bill 25—28, tarsus 36—
38 Im.
P. dichrous measures: wing 103—112, tail 103—105, bill 23—25 mm.
10. Pitohui decipiens Salvad.
6 33,4 2%, Kapaur, December 1896. “ Iris very deep chocolate, bill and feet,
blackish.” W. Doherty coll.
The head and foreneck of the females is much lighter, more grey, than that of
the males, but the tail is also black.
These birds are evidently true decipiens, not rubiensis of Meyer. Through the
kindness of the author we have been able to examine the types, male and female,
of his rubiensis. We find that the male differs from the males of decipiens
in the lighter, more cinnamon, less chestnut back, while the supposed female
is indistinguishable from P. hirhocephalus, in which the sexes are similar.
P. rubiensis is evidently a form of P. decipiens, the male having a blackish tail,
the supposed female a greyish slaty one.
11. Pitohui kirhocephalus (Less.).
Lanius kirhocephalus Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Atlas pl. 11 (1826).
Vanga kirhocephalus, Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Zool. i. 2. p. 633 (1828: Dorey).
1, Etna Bay, 3. viii. 1896. “ Iris blue, feet and bill grey.” Capt. Cayley Webster
coll., No. 297.
2 29, Dorey, 4, 5. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens j, m of Salvadori’s list
in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 199.)
1, Dorey. Brnijn coll. (Specimen 4, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 199.)
266,1 %, Anday, Aprii—May 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens @, b’, c’ of the
list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 199.)
1 ¢, Anday, April 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen ~ of the above list.)
1, Anday. Bruijn coll. (Specimen s of the above list.)
1 d, Mansinam, Arfak, May 1875. Bruijn. (Specimen /’ of the above list.)
2%9, Anday. Bruijn coll. 1879.
1 g,1 %, Wamari, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 ?, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, 3000 ft., January 1899. J. M. Dumas
coll.
2434,1 2, Dorey, October 1896, June 1897. “Iris chestnut, fect pale grey,
bill pale brown (greyish brown).” W. Doherty coll.
( 96 )
12. Pitohui brunneiceps (D’Alb. & Salvad.).
Rectes brunneiceps D’ Alb, & Salvadori, Ann. Mus, Civ. Gen. xiv. p. 70 (1879: Fiume Fly).
We have no specimens of this very distinct form, but have examined a specimen
in the British Museum. There we have also seen the type of Rhectes phaeocephalus
Rehw., which appears to be a very closely allied subspecies of P. brunneiceps.*
13. Pitohui meyeri sp. nov.
Rostro pallide olivaceo-brunnescente, capite, gula, colloque pallide olivaceo-
brunneis, interscapulio, alarum tectricibus superioribus, tergo, uropygio, subcanda-
libus rassatis, uropygio subcaudalibusque rufescentioribus. Pectore, abdomine,
subcaudalibus, subalaribus, tibiisque ochraceis. Cauda brunneo-castanea ; remigibus
fuscis, pogoniis externis cinuamomeo-brunneis. Al. 105—113, caud. 110—112, tars.
27—2s, rostr. 23—25 mm.
Hab. In Noya Guinea septentr., prope Takar, Tana Mera.
Type: & Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll., No.,1011.
This perfectly new species has apparently no very close ally. Its head, throat
and neck are pale olive-brown, or a kind of “ wood-brown,” not sharply divided
from, but rather merging into the russet upperside, where the rump and upper tail-
coverts are somewhat brighter and more rufous. In some specimens the head is
very little different from the back, in others much more different. The remiges are
blackish brown, with the outer webs ciunamon-brown, the inner webs pale
cinnamon towards the base. Tail dark chestnut-brown. Entire under surface
from the end of the fore-neck ochraceous. Under wing-coverts and thighs
ochraceous.
We have the following specimens of this species :
1 36,2 22, Takar, October—November 1896. ‘Iris dark (deep) brown, feet
steel-grey, bill pale greyish brown (pale brownish).” W. Doherty coll.
1 ¢, Tana Mera, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1, N.E. Coast (Tana Mera) of Dutch New, Guinea. Collected by J. M. Dumas,
purchased from yon Renesse van Duivenbode.
This species is named in honour of Hofrath Dr. A. B. Meyer, who has described
several forms of the genus Pitohu7, and to whom we are obliged for lending us some
material for comparison.
We have no specimens of his drwnneicauda, which is evidently a good species.
14. Pitohui cerviniventris (Gray).
Rectes cerviniventris G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1861. p, 430 ( Gagie”—errore : type from Waigiu in
British Museum).
4 without locality.
Salvadori (Orv. Pap. ii. p, 201) says that Waigiu specimens have the underside
brighter. If this is constant three of our birds would be from Batanta, one from
Waigiu, but the specimens in the British Museum (it correctly labelled) do not
bear out this statement.
*" We may here call attention to two recently described birds, which were erroneously supposed
to be new :—
Merula melanaria Madarisz (Orn, Monatsber, 1900, p. 28) is the same as Merula papuensixs De Vis,
Report Brit. New Guinea 1889, Birds p. 4 (1890).
Graucalus cornix Rehw. (Orn. Monatsber. 1900, p. 187) is the same as Graucalus longicauda De Vis,
Report Brit. New Guinea 1889, Birds p, 3 (1890).
( 97 )
15. Pitohui jobiensis (Meyer).
Id, 2 29, Ansus, Jobi, May 1875, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimens
b, h, j of the list in Orn, Pap. ii. p. 201.)
1d, Ansus, Jobi, 1897. Bruijn coll.
1 dg, Ansus, Jobi, 10. xi. 1883. Powell coll. 276 mm. “Tris brown, tarsus
greyish brown, bill horn-colour.”
1 3, Asna, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 5d,1 %, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris dark crimson,
feet dull grey, bill whitish, tinged with red.”
1 ?, Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 , Kurndu, east of Jobi, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘Tris very deep
chestnut, feet iron erey with ochraceous soles, bill pale brown.”
3 without exact locality.
16. Pitohui ferrugineus ferrugineus (Bp.).
2 ¢%, Mansinam, Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimens p, 7 of the list in Orn. Pap.
i. p. 204.)
1, Ramoi, 3. ii. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimens 4, 7 of the list in Orn. Pap. ii.
p-.204.)
1 d, Anday, 2. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen o of the list in Orn. Pap.
li. p. 204.)
293, 2 2%, Dorey, October 1896, June 1897. “ Iris pale pink, feet iron-
grey, bill black.” W. Doherty coll.
5 dd, (1 sex ?), Kapaur, December 1896, Febrnary 1897. “ Iris grey-brown,
feet pale bluish grey, bill nearly black.” W. Doherty coll.
4 33,3 9, Mysol, January 1900. “Iris bright ochreous (pale bright
brown), bill black, feet plumbeous grey.” H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1942, 1943, 1944,
1945, 1972, 1860.
2 dd, Salwatty. Bruijn coll. (Specimens ¢’, d’ of the list in Orn. Pap.
ii. p. 204.)
1 g, Sorong, 25. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen d of the list in Orn. Pap.
li. p. 204.)
17. Pitohui ferrugineus holerythrus (Salvad.).
Differs from P. /. ferrugineus in its deeper and brighter rufous coloration
above and below.
2dd,2 2%, Ansus, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris pale
salmon, feet bluish grey, bill black.”
18. Pitohui ferrugineus brevipennis (Hart).
Rhectes ferruginens brevipennis Hartert, Noy. Zoon, 1896. p. 354 (Aru).
Differs from P. f. ferrugineus principally by its smaller size, and apparently
different colour of iris. :
1, Wanambai, Aru, 25. vi. 1896. “ Iris white, bill and feet grey.” Capt.
Cayley Webster coll., No. 217. (Type of brevipennis.)
1,2 2%, Sg. Bark, Kobroor, Angust 1900. “ Tris brownish white, fect ash-
grey, bill black.” H. Kithn coll., Nos. 2207, 2208, 2209.
1, Mikroor, Aru, 10, vii. 1896, (, Webster coll., No. 254 (from spirits).
( 98 )
19. Pitohui ferrugineus clarus (Meyer).
Rhectes ferrugineus clarus A. B. Meyer, J. f. O. 1894, p. 91 (“ Nova Guinea orientata ”).
Paler than P. /. ferrugineus, especially on the underside.
1 3, Stephansort, 9. 1.1897. E. Nyman coll. “ Iris brown.”
2 34,1 (sex ?), Mt. Cameron, 2000 ft., September 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1, between rivers Laroki and Vanapa, 1897. E. Weiske coll.
3, near Port Moresby (?).
2 66, 2 2, Milne Bay, March—April 1899. “Tris pale yellow (light
yellowish grey, light grey, light brown (!)), feet pale bluish slate, bill slaty black.”
A. Meek coll., Nos. 2198, 2238, 2419, 2445.
1 ad., Muinkaira, 8.E. New Guinea. O. C. Stone coll.
1 d, Hall Bay, South New Guinea, 13. vii. 1875. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen
x of the list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 204.)
20. Pitohui leucorhynchus (Gray).
Rectes leucorhynchus G. R. Gray, P. ZS. 1861 (“ Gagie”—errore : type Waigin).*
1 2, Batanta, July 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen g of the list in Orn. Pap.
ii. p. 206.)
1 3 ad., Momos, Waigin, 25. x. 1883. “Tris light yellow, tarsus pale grey,
bill hight yellow.” Powell coll.
3 without locality.
21. Pitohui cristata (Salvad.).
Rectes cristata Salvadori, Ann, Mus. Civic. Gen. vii. p. 930 (1875: Mt. Morait, W. New Guinea).
6 Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—6000 ft., autumn 1896. A.S.
Anthony coll.
1, Mts., British New Guinea. Anthony coll.
1 (? near Port Moresby). E. Weiske coll.
1 without locality. Differs from the rest in haying the crest cinnamon-rufous,
not brown, the bill pale. Probably immature, hardly another form.
22. Pitohui nigrescens nigrescens (Schleg.).
1 6, Mori, Arfak, 1. v. 1875. Beceari coll. (Specimen 7 of the list in Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 207.)
1 g, Arfak, July 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen / of the above list.)
26,1 ?,Arfak. Bruijn coll.
2 3d, without locality.
283. Pitohui nigrescens schistaceus (Ichw.).
Rhectes nigrescens schistaceus Reichenow, Orn. Monatshr. 1900. p. 187 (Aroa-fluss, Weiske coll.).
1 2, Eafa District, 5000—G6000 ft., October 1895. Anthony coll. “Eye dark
grey, fect brown, bill black.”
* One of us has several times before called attention to some cases of uncertainty regarding localities
of birds collected by the immortal Wallace. It is evident that the birds were not all labelled in the field,
as should be done, but that they were labelled in London, probably having only numbers or preliminary
labels before, It seems that the species desciibed by Gray from “ Gagic ” were really all taken on Waigiu.
(99 )
3 3d, 2 $9, Mt. Cameron, 5000—7000 ft., August—September 1896.
Anthony coll.
1 3, Owen Stanley Mts., 5000—7000 ft., 1896.
1 3, “ British New Guinea.” E. Weiske coll.
The males of this subspecies are a little more slaty, less deep brownish black
than those of typical nigrescens.
Both subspecies of 7. w/grescens have a most peculiar musky smell, not noticed
in any true Pitohui. LP. nigrescens has some rights to be separated generically
from Pitohui.
24. Colluricincla brunnea Gould.
Colluricinela brunea Gould, P. Z. 8S. 1840. p. 164 (N.W. Australia).
We cannot see that there are any reliable differences between Anstralian and
Papuan specimens. With regard to the Australian forms we believe that
C. pallidirostris Sharpe and superciliosa Masters are synonyms of C. drunnea,
being probably based on immature examples, but, though we have a good series
from N.W. Australia (Derby) and Queensland, we do not yet venture to speak
authoritatively on this question.
We have the following Papuan specimens :
1, “ Port Moresby,” purchased from Gerrard, jun., probably one of Goldie’s
specimens (stained with black on head and throat).
236,229, Milne Bay, January, April, May 1899. “Iris dark brown, feet
blnish slate (slate), bill black, in one example (No. 2186), light blnish slate with a
violet tint.” A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 2186, 2456, 2484, 2519.
25. Pinarolestes megarhyncha megarhyncha (Quoy & Gaim.).
Muscicapa megarhyncha Quoy & Gaimard, Astrol. Zool, i. p. 172. PI. IIT. fig. 1 (1830: Dorey, New
Guinea).
1 dg, Batanta, 26. vii. 1875. Beeeari coll. (Specimen 2’ of Salvadori’s list in
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 212.)
14,2 %?, Batanta, Broijn coll. (Specimen 7’, 0’, 7’ of Salvadori’s list.)
1, Batanta, 20. x. 1883. Powell coll.
1 g,1 ¢, Batanta, 20. x. 1883. From the Marchesa’s voyages.
1 3, Warbusi, 24. iii. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen 7 of Salvadori’s list).
1, Anday. Bruijn’s hunters.
13,1 9%, Mansinam, May 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens /, 7 of Salvadori’s
list.)
1 d, Arfak, 28. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen? of Salvadori’s list.)
8 3d, 2 2%, Dorey, Arfak, October 1896, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
“Tris deep brown, feet slaty-grey (grey-brown ; slaty, ochreous below), bill (dark)
brown, under mandible whitish.”
29,2 2%, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 ?, Ron Island, Geelvink Bay, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 %, Mt. Moari, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899, 3000 ft. high.
53d,2 9%, Mysol, January 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1778—1783, 1934.
“Tris brown, bill pale brown, feet ashy greyish.”
These Mysol specimens are all somewhat paler underneath and somewhat more
olive, less rufous brownish aboye, than most megarhyncha from New Guinea, but
some specimens from the latter island agree perfectly with the Mysol specimens.
( 100 )
26. Pinarolestes megarhyncha aruensis ((ray).
Myiolestes arnensis Gray, P. Z. S, 1858. pp. 180, 193 (Aru Tslands).
2 33,1 3, Wokan, Arn Islands, September—October 1900, H. Kiihn coll.
1 3, Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru, 4. iii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1 2, Sg. Bark, Kobroor, Arn, 28. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2296.
1 6, Trangan, 13. ix. 1900. H. Kithn coll., No. 2706.
® Wanambai, 1 Dobbo, Aru Islands, from spirits. Cayley Webster coll.
Very similar to typical megarhyncha, but the under surface is more dull
cinnamon-brownish, more rufous, less yellowish.
27. Pinarolestes megarhyncha tappenbecki (Rchw.).
Colluricincla tappenbecki Reichenow, J./. 0. 1899. p. 118 (January, 1899 : Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen,
German New Guinea).
Pinayolestes dissimilis Madavisz, Reichenow’s Orn. Monatsber. 1900, p. 2 (Erima, close by Friedrich-
Wilhelmshafen).
1 2, Friedrich-Wilhelmshafen, 29. i. 1898. Tappenbeck coll., No. 66 (one of
the types).
We have also, through the courtesy of Dr. von Madarész, been able to examine
the two types of P. dissimilis, both from Erima. They are perfectly similar and in
no way distinguishable from tappenbecki. The existence of the latter name has
probably escaped Dr. v. Madardsz, because its author placed it with Colluricincla,
which is quite a distinct genus. P. m. tappenbechi is so closely allied to typical
megarhyncha, that it is quite possible that a series may show that it is not
separable, but we think its paler abdomen and maybe generally lighter throat may
justify its separation. The throat feathers are not ‘am Hnde weiss,” as described
by Reichenow, but white, crossed by a faint white bar. Professor Reichenow, in his
original description, compared his bird with ru/ogaster, but it is very much nearer
to megarhyncha. Dr. von Madarész compared it with megarhyncha, but he probably
used for comparison only or principally the darker form which we call madaraszi.
28. Pinarolestes megarhyncha madaraszi subsp. nov.
Differs from typical megarhyncha in its deeper ciunamon underside and
blackish bill.
Type: Sattelberg, 17. iv. 1899. Bird coll. (No. 2554/i in the National
Hungarian Museum, Budapest.)
The deeper under surface of these birds—we have only seen the two, a male and
a female, collected by Biro on the Sattelberg—makes them conspicuous in a series of
megarhyncha, aad the two specimens are perfectly similar to each other. The bills
appear blackish with whitish cutting-edges, while in all our thirty-four specimens of
typical megar/yncha not one has a blackish bill, they being all more or less pale
brownish. Named in honour of Dr. Julius von Madarasz.
29. Pinarolestes megarhyncha despectus subsp. nov.
Differs at a glance from 1. meg. megarhyncha by its much paler, less rufous
underside and lighter throat. The throat-feathers have narrow darker shaft-lines and
whitish, often very faint cross-bars in the middle, the feathers of the breast have
(101 )
darker brown shaft-lines. The upper surface is generally a shade more olive, less
rafous, the tail and wings distinctly more olivaceous, less rufous brown.
This form has, by Salvadori, Sharpe, Meyer, Finsch, and other authorities, becn
united with P. meg. rufogaster of Australia, but the Australian form has always a
much paler, generally more greyish upperside, lighter and more uniform light buff
throat and apparently paler bill. It resembles superficially somewhat 2. megu-
rhyncha afinis of Waigiu, but is much less olivaceous on the under surface.
Type of Pinarolestes megarhyncha despectus: & ad., Milne Bay, British New
Guinea, 14. ii. 1899. A.S. Meek coll. No. 2823. “Iris brown, feet and bill ligh
bluish slate.”
286,292, Milne Bay, February and April 1899. A. 5. Meek coll., Nos.
2227, 2323, 2434, 2465.
4, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, August—September 1896. A. 5.
Authony coll.
1 3, Mailu district, British New Guinea, 30. vii. 1895. A.S. Anthony coll.
2 ?, “low country near Port Moresby.” Weiske coll. Bought from Melwraith
& McEacharn in London. (Probably from the Brown River.)
2, Eafa district. Purchased from Mellwraith & McHacharn in London.
1, between Rivers Laroki and Vanapa. Weiske coll.
1, British New Guinea. Goldie coll.
1, Sogere, 25. xi. 1885, 2000 ft. high. H. O. Forbes coll.
30. Pinarolestes megarhyncha rufogaster (Gould).
Colluricinela rufogaster Gould, P. Z. S. 1845. p. 80 (Port Essington, Australia).
This form is restricted to Australia. We have a good series from Queensland
and N.W. Australia, but it is possible that there are also several forms in Australia.
31. Pinarolestes megarhyncha affinis (Gray).
Myjolestes affinis Gray, P. Z. S. 1861. p. 431 (“Gagi”—probably erroneous statement, as with all
birds described by Gray from Gagi. ‘Typical locality Waigiu—type in British Museum
labelled Waigiu).
This is the most distinct one of the various forms of Papuan P/narolestes,
differing from the others in its distinctly olivaceous underside. — It is only known
from Waigiu, and does not oceur on the Mysol, though one of Wallace’s specimens in
the British Museum is erroneously labelled “ Mysol.”
We have so far only three specimens :
2, Momos, Waigiu, 25—27. x. 1883. “Length 185 cm. “Iris greyish-brown,
bill horn-colour, tarsus brownish (brownish black).” H. Guillemavd coll.
1, without original label, but evidently from Bruijn’s hunters.
32. Pachycephala dahli Rchw.*
Pachycephala melanura dahli Reichenow, Orn. Monatsber, 1897. p. 178 (Credner Tnseln and Raluan).
d, outer edges of primaries grey.
Prof. Reichenow described this bird in the first instance as different, under the
notion that the birds trom New Britain (Neu Pommern) were typical melanura.
* It is hardly possible to say if P. citreogaster Rams. (1877) or P. merula Lesson (1828) refer to this
form or to finschi, as both were described from females, the former from “ New Britain and adjacent
islands,” iz. without exact locality, the latter from New Ireland, Fuither researches are necessary to
clear up these nomenclatorial questions,
( 102 )
Informed by Dr. Finsch that this was not the case, he named the latter P. jinschi,
relegating dahli to the synonyms of melanura. This, however, was also incorrect.
The males from the Credner Islands differ from typical males of P. melanura of
Australia in their larger size, stronger and longer bill, longer wing and apparently
also slightly more golden underside and more yellowish back. The females,
however, are quite different, being brownish or olive-green above and having a
deep yellow abdomen and deep yellow under tail-coverts, while those of typical
melanura are grey above, have a buffy white abdomen and pale sulphur-yellow
under tail-coverts.
Itis not certain if dali can be treated as a subspecies of melanura, but we are
inclined to think that all these yellow Thickheads must be geographical forms of
P. melanura.
We have a male, collected by Kleinschmidt on the Credner Islands near New
Britain in 1880, and we saw others from Palikurn in the British Museum. We are
further obliged to Dr. Heinroth, who most kindly lent us some specimens collected
by him in the Bismarck archipelago. He obtained dali on Vulkaninsel, Credner
Islands, N. New Ireland, and a small island near Nakung.
33. Pachycephala finschi Rchw.
Pachycephala finschi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsber, 1899. p. 8 (Ralum, New Britain).
Differs from P. m. dahli in having the outer edges of the primaries yellowish
olive-green, not grey! The upperside seems to be a shade darker, but the black
pectoral crescent 1s not wider. The female is like that of P. m. dahli, but the throat
is uniform, while it is said to be always faintly barred with grey in P. m. dahli.
New Britain (Ralum) and, according to Heinroth (J. f. O. 1903. p. 68), also
Northern New Ireland and Blanche Bay. If it is true that the two forms, dahl/
and yinsch/, occur together, they would have to be treated as two species, but probably
P. dahli strays only exceptionally into the area inhabited by finschi. The dis-
tribution, however, as it is known at present, is most strange, and wonders of
distribution seldom hold good, if more intricate explorations and studies are made.
We have three males and two females collected by Captain Cayley Webster on
New Hanover, which Dr. Finsch compared with the types of P. jinschi, sent for
his inspection to Leyden, and declared them to be perfectly similar; and we saw
the male obtained by Heinroth.
34. Pachycephala aurea lchw.
Pachycephala aurea Reichenow, Orn, Monatsber. 1899. p. 131 (Ramufluss in Kaiser-Wilhelms-Land,
Tappenbeck coll, ).
2 dad., “ Kone district,” British New Guinea, June 1898. “ Eye dark brown,
bill dark blackish grey, feet dark grey.” A. 8, Anthony coll.
This fine Pachycephala scems to be only. known from the male. The top and
sides of the head, chin, and wide pectoral crescent are black; throat white, some
of the upper feathers with narrow blackish tips. Back, rump, and scapulars golden-
yellow, irregularly tinged with olive in one of our examples. Tail and wings black,
the remiges ashy-whitish, slightly tinged with yellow, on the basal portion of the
inner webs. Upper wing-coverts black, the lesser series with yellow tips. Upper
tail-coverts black. Breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts golden-yellow. Under
wing-coverts whitish, tinged with sulphur-yellow. Wing 85—88, tail 63—67 mm.
( 103 )
35. Pachycephala soror Sel.
Pachycephala soror Sel,, P. ZS. 1873. p. 692 (Arfak).
2366,1 2%, Arfak. Bruijn coll.
2,62, Hatam, 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens m and y of Salvadori’s list in
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 223.)
1 3 ad., Hatam, 27. vi. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen / of the list, p. 222.)
1 f ad, “ Matang,” 26. vi. 1875. (Specimen / of the list on p. 222, where
given as ‘ Hatam.”)
3, 662, Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimens d, ¢, s, of the list on pp. 222, 223.)
2 2, ad., juv., Aroa River. Emil Weiske coll.
2, 32, between Rivers Laroki and Vanapa. Emil Weiske coll.
43,4 29%, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 6500 ft. A. Anthony coll.
1 3 ad., Kotoi district, 4000 ft., 13. vili. 1898. A. Anthony coll.
1 3 ad., Moroka, 1885. H. O. Forbes coll.
36. Pachycephala schlegelii schlegelii Schleg.
Pachycephala schlegelii Schlegel (ex Rosenberg, in litt.), Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk. iv. p. 43 (1871:
“de Vintérieur de la Nouvelle Guinée’’).
334,12, Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimens c, 4, /, g of Salvadori’s list in
Orn, Pap. ii: p. 224.)
1 3 ad., Arfak, e Museo H. Guillemard (probably ex Bruijn).
466,329, Arfak. Bruijn coll.
1 36,322, Hatam, June 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimens m, 7, s, 2, of
Salvadori’s list, p. 224.)
1 ? juy., Arfak. Bruijn coll. (With some cinnamon feathers on head, neck,
and chest.)
37. Pachycephala schlegelii obscurior Hart.
Pachycephala schlegeli obscurior Hartert, Noy. Zoow, 1896. p. 15 (Eafa district).
Pachycephala sororcula De Vis, [bis 1897. p. 380 (British New Guinea).
1 3 ad., Eafa district, between Mts. Alexander and Bellamy, 5000—6000 ft.,
October 1895. (Type of Pachycephala schlegelit obscurior.)
| 3d, “ Moroka district.” Purehased in London.
344,32 ad, 1 ? juv., Kotoi district, 4000 and “11000” ft., August 1893.
Authony coll.
1 g,1 %, Mt. Seratchley, Anthony coll.
3 3d,1 2, Owen Stanley Mountains. Anthony coll.
2 63,1 2, Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft. Anthony coll. “ Iris brown.”
2 juy., Aroa River. KH. Weiske coll.
2, Mts. of British New Guinea, no exact locality.
The male of this southern subspecies differs in the darker shade and greater
extent of the rufous colour of the abdomen and the slightly darker olive-green back
and mantle. The female differs in a stronger degree. The colour of the head is
darker and more slaty-grey, the green of the back is darker, more greenish, the
throat, instead of being whitish, is slate-grey with a narrow white bar across each
feather, the upper chest is darker, slaty-grey instead of whitish drab.
the young of both LP. schlegelii schlegelii and P. schlegeliit obscurior are very
( 104 )
peculiar, and appear to be never described. They differ so much from the adult
birds that several ornithologists who saw them declared them without hesitation
to belong to an unknown species. As we have five, in different stages, from the
mountains of British New Guinea, and one from Arfak, and as there are several
from Arfak in Leyden, we were always inclined to consider them the young of
some species. Some moulting specimens have now shown us that these birds are
without any doubt whatever the young females of P. s. schlegelii and P. schlegelii
obscurior. In the first plumage these birds seem to be uniform cinnamon, with the
exception of the wings and tail, which are blackish with olive-greenish or rafous-
tinged edges. The olive-green feathers of the adult birds appear first on the back,
aud the abdomen becomes (through moult) rich yellow. Only the head, chest, and
some patches on the back and upper wing-coverts are then cinnamon, and such
birds give to the casual observer the idea of a very fine unknown species of
Pachycephala. The specimens that moult into the plumage of the adult are
evidently females, the crown becoming ashy-grey, the throat greyish with white
bars, the chest olivaceous-greenish. We cannot yet tell if the young male is quite
similar to the young female or not.
38. Pachycephala rufinucha rufinucha Scl.
Pachycephala rufinucha Sclater, P. Z, 8. 1873. p. 692 (Hatam),
1 o ad., Hatam, September 1872. D’Albertis coll., No. 469. (Specimen «@ of
Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 225.)
Type of P. rufinucha!
266d, Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimens c, ¢ of Salvadori’s list, /.c.)
1 , April 1877, Karons. Laglaize coll., No. 171.
1 ¢ ad., Hatam, apparently from the Marchesa expedition.
39. Pachycephala rufinucha gamblei Rothsch-
Pachycephala gamblei Rothsch., Bull. B. O. Club vii. p. xxii, Dec. 1897 (Mt. Cameron, 5000 ft.,
Anthony coll.).
“9?” ad. (probably 3), Mt. Cameron, 5000 ft. A. 8. Anthony coll, (Type
of P. gamblei.)
“9” jun., Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft., 11. viii. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 3,1 2 ad., Kotoi district, Owen Stanley Range, 10,000—11,000 ft., August
1898. A. 8S. Anthony coll.
1 juv., “ Hafa district.” Purchased in London.
1 without exact locality. Weiske coll. Purchased in London.
2 ad., Aroa River. EH. Weiske coll.
1, Upper Brown River, between Mts. Astrolabe and Owen Stanley. Purchased
in London.
Pachycephala rufinucha gamblei is closely allied to P. ruf. rufinucha, from
which it only differs in the following characters :
The feathers of the forehead are whitish with ashy centres, while in P. 7.
rufinucha they are uniform whitish grey, and this light colour extends farther in
P. 1. rufinucha, covering a space of nearly a centimetre, while in P. 7. gambled
only extending over an area of about 6 mm. The chestnut nuchal patch is much
larger in adalt P. 7. gamblei, there is a grey chin-patch in P. 7. gamblei which is
( 105 )
not seen in P. 7. rufinucha, the back is a shade deeper olive-green. The bills of
the two subspecies are exactly of the same dimensions.
The young birds have no chestnut nape-patch and no distinct whitish patch
on the forehead, the sides and flanks are not so deep olive-green, the chest is
washed with cinnamon.
40. Pachycephala griseiceps griseiceps Gray.
Pachycephala griseiceps G. R. Gray, P. Z. 8. 1858, pp. 178. 192 (Aru).
This form was first described from the Aru Islands. The following specimens
do not differ from typical Aru birds :-—
2 $4, Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru Islands, viii., ix. 1900. “ Iris brownish black
(dark coftee-brown), feet plumbeous, bill black.” _H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2303, 2300,
1 3,1 2,S¢g. Bark, Kobroor, Aru Islands, viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos.
2301, 2304. ;
1 3,1 2, Trangan, Aru Islands, viii., ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2639, 2640.
1 2, Dobbo, Aru Islands, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
6, d 2, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
4 $8,1 ¢, Mysol, January—February 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1777,
1935, 1981, 1982, 2008.
1 2, Mt. Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 g, Sorong, New Guinea, 9. i. 1865. Dr. Bernstein coll. (xchange from
the Leyden Museum.)
2 292, Naiabui, British New Guinea. D’Albertis & Tomasinelli coll.
(Specimens 4 and ¢d of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 226.)
2, Kotoi district, August 1898. Anthony coll.
1, “Ambernoh River” (?). Dumas coll. (Received from Van Renesse van
Duivenbode.)
41. Pachycephala griseiceps jobiensis Mey.
Pachycephala var. jobiensis A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. Ak, d. Wissensch. 2u Wien \xix. p, 394
(1874).
Specimens from Jobi differ conspicuously in their brighter yellow abdomen
and under tail-coverts, and in the brownish area across the chest being quite absent
or ill-defined, never well developed, the chest being yellow with an olive tinge,
instead of pale brownish. The specimens from Takar, to the east of the Ambernoh
River, are perfectly similar to the typical Jobi form, and so is the one shot by
Dumas near Humboldt Bay. The last specimen, and those from Takar, make it
almost-certain that the specimen said to be from the Ambernoh, is not from there.
1 ad., Jobi, April 1869. Von Rosenberg coll. (Hxchange from the Leyden
Museum.)
3 34,4 2%, Marai and Ansus, Jobi, April—May 1879. W. Doherty coll.
6, 3%, Takar, October—November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 near Humboldt Bay. Dumas coll.
This last specimen belongs distinctly to typical gr/se‘ceps, having the abdomen
and under tail-coverts very pale yellowish, and a distinctly brownish chest. In
view of the fact that Takar examples belong to P. griseiceps jobiensis, we think that
this latter form should also occur on the Ambernoh River, and the explanation may
perhaps lie in the uncertainty of the locality. The birds said to come from the
(°106 )
Ambernoh River were not labelled, and Mr. van Duivenbode only told us where they
came from. It is therefore quite probable that Dumas, not being a naturalist and
probably unaware of the importance of localities, sent specimens from various places
in the same box with the Ambernoh River specimens. :
A specimen from the little island of Gagi, west of Waigiu, collected by Dr.
Bernstein, which we received in exchange from the Leyden Museum, agrees
perfectly with P. g. job/ensis in colour, but the wings are longer, measuring 90 mm.
One from Waigiu,in the British Museum, collected by A. R. Wallace, does not
differ from P. g. jobiensis in any respect. More material from Waigin and Gagi
must be studied in order to decide if it be possible to separate the birds from these
islands from jodéensis. We have no examples from Miosnom, where they agree
with jobiensis in colour, but are larger.
(Pachycephala miosnomensis Salvad.,
Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xv. p. 46, 1879.)
42. Pachycephala dubia Rams.
Pachycephalu dubia Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. iv. p. 99 (1879, River Laloki, British New
Guinea).
1 6 ad., Fergusson Island, 12. xii. 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
1 fo ad.,1 2 ad.,1 fd juv., Fergusson Island, May—June, 1897, A. 8. Meek coll.
(In adult birds the iris is dark brown, feet fleshy slate-colour, bill black. In
the young bird the iris and feet are the same, but the bill fleshy, tinged with brown.
The young birds are more rufous brown above, and the secondaries have wide rufous
cinnamon outer edges.)
1 6 ad., Goodenough Island, 10. xii. 1896. A.S. Meek coll.
2 2 ad., Sogere, Owen Stanley Mts., 1885. H. O. Forbes coll.
2 ad., said to be from Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft., Hmil
Weiske coll. (purchased from MecIlwraith and McHacharn in London).
1 gad., Collingwood Bay, 28. v. 1899. A.S. Meek coll.
2 dad., 1? ad.,1 od fere ad., Milne Bay, January—March. A. 8. Meek coll.
1 djuv., 1 ¢ juv., 1 2 vixad., Simbang, 25, 30. viii. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
43. Pachycephala phaionotus (Bp.)
1 6,2 22,1, Pulo Babi, Aru Islands, 23. ix. 1900. “Iris smoky grey, feet
pale flesh-colour, bill black.”
Doherty did not come across this species on Mafor in the Geelvink Bay, where
it has been found by former collectors. Specimens from Banda (typical locality),
Tifore, Dammer in the Moluccas, and from the South-Hast Islands and Key group
seem to be indistinguishable.
44. Pachycephala moroka sp. nov.
Supra olivaceo-brunneo, loris, pileo nuchaque cinereo-schistaceis, auricularibus
brunneis, plumarum scapis pallidioribus. Remigibus fuscis, pogoniis externis
brunneo-olivaceo, internis albido marginatis. Subtus alba, pectore brunneo tincto.
Subcaudalibus subalaribusque albis. Reetricibus fuscis, pogoniis externis olivas-
centibus, duabus mediis griseo tinctis. Rostro parvo. Long. tot. circa 140, al. 85,
cand, 69, vostr. 10, tars. 32 mm.
Typus et specimen unicum : Moroka district, British New Guinea. (No. 1204.)
This bird was bought in London from Mellwraith and McHacharn.
( 107 )
45. Pachycephala hyperythra hyperythra Salvad.
Pachycephala hyperythra Salvad., Ann. Mus. Cie. Gen. vii. p. 932 (1875) (Loc. typ. Arfak).
1 @ ad., Kapaur, December 1896. “ Iris deep chestnut, feet pale purplish,
bill black, commissure pale.
2 “ $5 adult, unsexed birds, Mt. Maori near Humboldt Bay, 3000 ft. high,
J. M. Dumas coll.
This form is evidently confined to Western, or Dutch New Guinea. The sexes
are apparently alike.
46. Pachycephala hyperythra salvadorii Rothsch.
Pachycephala sharpei Salvad. (non Meyer, 1884), Ann. Mus. Civ, xxxvi. p, 88 (1896, Moroka).
Pachycephala salvadorii Rothsch., Bull. B. O. C. vii. p. xxii, (Dec. 1897),
(The literature referring to specimens from British New Guinea pertains to this
form, which is the representative of typical Ayperythra in the eastern parts of New
Guinea.) Differs from P. 4. hyperythra as follows :
The mantle and ramp are duller, much less bright, not so yellowish, more
brownish. The ear-coverts, which are more or less ochraceous, contrasting with the
crown, are ashy-slate, like the crown, or only very slightly tinged with ochraceons,
not in sharp contrast with the crown. The breast and abdomen are much paler and
duller, not so bright ochraceous, but more brownish buff. Dimensions similar.
1 dg, Sogere, 2000 ft. H. O. Forbes coll.
1 3, 1 (sex ?), “Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft.” (Purchased
from Mellwraith and McEacharn, locality according to information received by
them ; the unmistakable preparation and a label marked “ M.” (male) in Weiske’s
writiug, proves them to be collected by Emil Weiske).
1 3, Mt. Cameron, 13. viii. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 dg, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 800 m., 3. vil. 1899. H. Nyman coll.
(This specimen is darker and richer below, though not like typical Ayperythra—
more rufous—and the ear-coverts are very blackish. A series from Kaiser
Wilhelm’s Land might show this form to belong to a third subspecies.
47. Pachycephala leucostigma Salvad.
Pachycephala leucostigima Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gren. vii. p. 933 (1875; Arfak).
?, Arfak, 13. vii, Bruijn coll.
1, Arfak, Bruijn coll.
1, Datch New Guinea, with label in Arabic characters.
48. Pachycephala hattamensis Mey.
Puchycephala hattamensis A. B. Meyer, Sitz. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien \xix. p. 391 (1874 : Hatam, Arfak).
3 3d, Arfak, June 1874, Bruijn coll. (Specimens 4, c,j of Salvadori’s list
in Orn. Pap. ii. pp. 236, 237.)
1, Arfak, ex Guillemard coll.
49. Pachycephala fortis fortis Gadow.
Pachycephala fortis Gadow, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. viii. p. 369 (1883 : “ Astrolabe Mountains ”).
3 34,1 ?, Fergusson Island, May, June 1897. “ Iris dark brown, feet slaty
(light chalky blue, dark slate, bluish slate), bill black, in adults. Iris brown, feet
( 108 )
salmon slate), bill brown sin the younger bird.” 10,
8 white; pronotum gradually narrowed towards apex, dispersely granulate-
punctate ; carina very feebly concave above, gradually curved frontad laterally, the
lateral portion very short.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
10. Gulamentus fasciatus sp. nov.
3. Black, tomentum whitish grey, that of legs rather dense. Blackish parts
of upperside and the antennal club with brown tomentum. Apical edge of
pronotum ‘narrowly, basal edge broadly reddish, and clothed with a yellow
tomentum ; a small humeral spot, a straight antemedian band—which becomes
greyish laterally, where it is forked—and the apex of the elytra as well as the
pygidium of the same reddish colour. Pygidium shaped as in cylindricus (1895).
Similar in structure to that species ; antennal segments 9 and 10 shorter ; first
tarsal segment shorter than the others together.
Length (head excl.) : 6} mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One o. 94 ADD 1093
—
MOVERATES ZOOLOGICAER.
Vol. X. AUGUST, 1903. No. 2.
AFRICAN CERAMBYCIDAE.
By Dr. KARL JORDAN.
Supramiry CERAMBYCINAE.
le 1894 I published the definition of a new genus, Saphanidus, containing at
that time one new metallic green species, S. e/ridescens, which did not fit in the
allied genera Metallyra (1864) Thoms. and Metopotylus (1882) Qued., according to
the descriptions. Since then we have received several species of this relationship,
two of which agree well with the descriptions of Metallyra stenochioides (1864)
Thoms. and Metopotylus femoratus (1882) Qued. If my identification is correct,
the genera Saphanidus, Metallyra and Metopotylus can be distinguished as follows :
Metopotylus (1882) Qued., Berl. Ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 826 (type: M. femoratus).
Upper lobes of eyes very short, very widely separated. Antennal segment
3=5. Prothorax without lateral tubercle. Intercoxal process of prosternum
narrow, but reaching nearly to mesosternum.
One species.
Metallyra (1864) Thoms., Syst. Ceramb. p. 334 (type: stenochioides).
Eyes close together above. Antennal segment 3=5. Prothorax without
lateral tubercle. Intercoxal process of prosternum short, triangular.
One species.
This genus has been omitted by Lacordaire.
Saphanidus (1894) Jord., Noy. Zoo. i. p. 145 (type: viridescens).
Third segment of antenna longer than fifth. Prothorax with lateral tubercle
or spine. Intercoxal process of prosternum short, triangular, or as long as in
Metopotylus.
Four species, inclusive of the three new ones described below.
The three genera differ from Hypoeschrus in the basally truncate pronotum.
1. Saphanidus aeneus spec. noy.
?. Elongate. Underside and antenna black-brown, first two segments of
antenna and part of legs (in type the femora and part of tibiae, in the second
specimen only part of tibiae) rafous ; head and pronotum dark blue-green, elytra
bluish green, metallic, glossy ; scutellum black. Upperside densely punctured, the
punctures becoming more dispersed posteriorly on elytra. Third segment of
antenna, which extends very little beyond end of elytra, one-third longer than
fourth. Prothorax a little longer than basally broad; slightly uneven above;
mesial line a little raised and smooth in middle and before scutellum ; sides with
10
(132 )
an acute conical spine just behind middle, and before this spine a prominent
callosity. Elytra slightly widening behind, obliquely rounded at apex, sutural
angle not produced into a spine; seven costae on each, the first close to suture,
but curving away from it at basal fourth. Prothorax beneath granulose at sides,
plicated and sparsely granulated mesially ; intercoxal process arched, narrow,
reaching nearly to hinder side of coxae. Mesosternum granulose in middle ;
intercoxal process about half the width of the coxa. Metasternum rongh with
transverse granules, except the episternum, which is nearly smooth.
Length, 15 mm. ; elytra, 11 mm.; breadth, 4 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Two ?¢.
The long thorax bearing a rounded tubercle in front of the side-spine, the
longer prosternal process and the broader mesosternal one, as well as the non-
dentate apex of the elytra, distinguish this species abundantly from wiridescens.
We received this species, and all the others from Benito as well as Batanga,
from Monsieur H. Donckier, Paris.
2. Saphanidus dubius spec. nov.
3. A connecting link between Saphanidus and Allogaster. Underside of
body, front of head, antenna and legs dark rufous brown ; occiput, pronotum and
elytra metallic green-blue, not strongly glossy. Head densely punctured ; upper
lobes of eyes nearly as widely distant from one another as in Adlogaster geniculata.
Antenna only as long as the body; scape very densely rugate-punctate ; third
segment twice the length of fourth, this a very little longer than fifth, eighth
to tenth subdentate. Prothorax with obtuse lateral tubercle as in Adlogaster
geniculata, subnodose above, very densely punctured, a small smooth mesial space
behind middle. Scutellum pitchy black, rounded. Elytra rounded together at
apex, not spined at sutural angle, costate, with the first, third and fifth costae alone
rather prominent, densely and coarsely punctate from base to apex. Prosternum
transversely plicate and punctured ; intercoxal process triangular, reaching close
to the mesosternum without tonching it. Mesosternal process also triangular.
Abdominal segments 1 to 4 with a woolly patch each, 5 truneate, 6 sinuate. Legs
deusely and rugosely punctured.
Length, 15 mm. ; elytra, 11 mm. ; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroous.
One 6.
3. Saphanidus fulvus spec. nov.
?. Tawny, clothed with a clayish yellowish pubescence; antenna, femora and
ablomen luteous, extreme tips of femora and uppersides of tibiae blackish.
Front of head punctured, occiput rugate-granulate. Hye as large as in
viridescens. Scape of antenna paler than the other segments, and less pubescent.
Prothorax flattened and rounded as in viridescens, a little longer than in that
species, with a minute lateral tubercle, minutely granulose all over. Elytra very
densely and minutely punctured all over, slightly rugose at apex, with faint traces
of two discal carinae ; apex of each elytrum obliquely rounded. Both the pro-
and midcoxae contiguous, the intercoxal processes very short, obtusely triangular.
Prosternum transversely wrinkled ; metasternum densely punctate-granulate at
oe) ling
C1aah)
sides. Femora not clavate ; posterior one reaching to base of fourth abdominal
segment.
Length, 17 mm.; elytra, 12 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. German East Africa.
One ?, without more precise locality.
Oxycaula gen. nov.
Resembling Hypomares, but anterior coxal cavity open. Scape of antenna a
little shorter than third segment, with a prominent, sharp, transverse, apical keel ;
the following segments somewhat incrassate at tip as in Paroeme ; third and fourth
compressed, thicker than the following, third half as long again as fourth, a little
shorter than fifth, all fringed beneath, especially the proximal ones. Prothorax
without side-spine, tuberculate above. Elytra flattened, tuberculose, widened just
before apex. Anterior coxal cavity not strongly angulate laterally, open behind ;
prosternal process narrow, reaching to hinder side of coxa; mesosternal process
as wide in middle as the fourth antennal segment, slightly convex, sulcate.
Femora clavate.
Type: O. verruca spec. nov.
4. Oxycaula verruca spec. nov.
Glossy ; deep chestnut; antenna, legs and abdomen very pale buff-yellow ;
a small spot ou dise of elytram in middle, a larger one at outer margin in front
of apical dilatation, rounded on discal side, and a triangular spot occupying apex,
all a little paler than legs.
Head punctate, the puncturation dense only laterally on occiput; frons
subvertical ; antennal tubercles rather prominent, a short and shallow suleus
between them ; distance between npper lobes of eyes equal to diameter of scape before
apex. Antenna one-fourth longer than the body; scape longitudinally impressed
at base, dispersedly punctured. Prothorax longer than broad, truncate at base,
slightly widened frontad above at apex, feebly dilated at sides behind apex and
more in middle, coarsely and rather densely punctured all over; dise with an
elevate mesial line from near apex to basal constriction, the line raised into an
elongate tubercle behind, at each side of mesial line before middle a high conical
tubercle (pale at tip), and an elongate callosity before basal constriction. Scutellum
longer than broad, rounded, grey. Hlytra truncate at base, densely punctured in
basal half, the punctures becoming scarce in apical half, with numerous, dispersed,
subseriate callosities ; straight in basal fourth, then widening; onter margin very
oblique behind subapical dilatation ; tip rounded. Underside rather densely and
coarsely punctured ; middle of first abdominal segment, greater portion of second,
and the entire following segments, with few or no punctures. Femora smooth.
Length, 14 mm.; elytra, 10 mm. ; breadth (shoulder), 34 mm. ; (before apex),
5 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One specimen, probably a ¢.
Paroeme (1886) Auriv.
3%. Antennal segments 3 to 5 incrassate at tip, 6 to 11 suleate, dentate at
end. Prosternal process reaching hinder side of coxae, mesosternal une broad ;
anterior coxal cavity open.
( 134 )
Paroeme semifemorata (1856) Chevr.
The elytra of this species terminate in a spine. The insect stands under
Anisogaster in the Munich Catalogue (p. 2836), and is the same as P. dispina
(1886) Auriy.
4 5. Paroeme inermis spec. nov.
9. Very close to semifemorata and annulipes; scape of antenna rather shorter
than in either; prothorax evenly convex above, somewhat flattened, with just a
trace of the callosities of the other species, sides rounded, not tubercled ; pronotum
and elytra densely and finely granulose as in semifemorata; elytra rounded
together at apex, not dentate at suture, with dispersed short hairs in apical half.
Length, 14—18 mm.
Hab. Warri, Niger, September 1897 (Dr. Roth).
Several specimens.
6. Paroeme similis spec. nov.
6. Similar to énermis. Head without sharply marked mesial sulcus between
antennae; scape of antenna longer, segments 3 and 4 less incrassate at tip,
prothorax also longer, less dilated in middle ; elytra shorter and more rounded
at shoulders, without erect hairs. Apical half of femora brown.
Length, 13 mm.
Hab, Lindi, German East Africa, December 1896 (Reimer).
One 6.
Leptoeme gen. noy.
Similar to Adlogaster and Paroeme in appearance, differing from both in the’
pro- and mesosternal processes being very short, the prosternal one not protruding
in between the coxae; nearest to Hypoeschrus. Bye as in Paroeme. Antenna
similar to those of Allogaster and Hypoeschrus; segment 3 half as long again
as, or one-third longer than, 4. Prothorax somewhat uneven aboye, not tuberculate
at sides, base slightly bisinuate. Scutellum rounded. Elytra as in Allogaster.
Femora not clubbed, posterior one reaching to base of fourth abdominal segment.
Abdomen of p not villose.
Type: L. xantha spec. nov.
7. Leptoeme xantha spec. nov.
3. Pale ochraceous, pubescent ; tip of mandible, antenna (except basal two-
thirds of scape), tibiae and apices of femora black or brown ; tarsi brown.
Head punctured, with mesial sulcus between antenna. Prothorax almost
cylindrical, a little wider at apex than at base, densely granulose ; mesial line
somewhat raised before base. . Hlytra parallel, depressed, very densely punctured,
subgranulose at base, with two feeble raised lines on disc ; apex rounded together,
sutural angle again rounded off, and seement 4 of antenna shorter than 5.
Length, 12—15 mm. ; elytra, 8—11 mm. ; breadth, 22—3} mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 3, two ? 2.
(185 )
8. Leptoeme acme spec. nov.
?. Like wantha, but the antenna (except tip of scape), base of tibiae and the
tarsi Inteons ; apex of femora also more restricted black.
Fourth segment of antenna a little longer than fifth. Prothorax very densely
granulated, rounded at sides, broader than long. Elytra densely punctured, but the
anterior edges of the punctures not elevate in basal half ; apex produced into a
short spine.
Length, 2, 12 mm.
Hab. Uolodorf, Cameroons.
One ¢.
9. Xystrocera pulchra spec. nov.
?. Head and prothorax glossy magenta-purple ; antenna black; legs and
abdomen ferruginous ; meso-metasternum black, more or less tawny at sides, clothed
with a yellowish grey silky pubescence like sides of abdomen ; scutellum and elytra
bluish green, the latter velvety at suture and outer margia. Front of head coarsely
and densely granulate. Pronotum granulose at sides and behind apical margin,
smooth in middle, at base, and laterally in apical depression. Scutellam with very
few granules. Granulation of elytra very dense at suture and sides from near base
to near apex, the granules rounded. Hindtibia slightly and quite gradually widened
from base to apex.
Length, 23 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
10. Margites sulcifrons spec. nov.
?. Pitchy black, legs and antenna rufescent ; pubescence short, grey, slightly
buffish on the elytra; palpi luteous.
A deep mesial suleus between antennal tubercles and upper lobes of eyes,
abruptly terminating. Antenna a little longer than the body; third segment nearly
twice the length of the second and as long as fifth. Prothorax rounded-dilated at
sides in middle, and again before middle ; no subbasal and subapical transverse sulci
aboye, no transverse wrinkles, the notum being densely granulate-rugulate, the thin
mesial wrinkles longitudinal ; a smooth mesial groove behind middle. Elytra with
a feebly raised mesial line and a trace of a second raised line between it and suture ;
apex rounded singly, faintly truncate. Prosternum rugulose ; intercoxal process
broad, not tuberculate behind. Mesosternal process very broad, being wider than
the coxa. Metasternum and abdomen minutely and densely punctate-rugulate.
First segment of hindtarsus longer than in Jf. humilis and lineatus.
Length, 18 mm. ; elytra, 13 mm. ; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Angola (Penrice).
One ?.
11. Derolus dilatatus (1856) Chevr.
Chevrolat described this species from the ¢ only.
?. Pitchy black, antenna and legs brick-red ; elytra pale brick-red, with a
limbal and an abbreviated sutural vitta black, the latter dilated behind ; pubescence
silky, grey below, yellow above, forming two vittae on pronotum, dense ou
occiput.
( 136 )
Head punctured at anterior margin ; mesial sulcus narrow between antennal
tubercles, not deeply impressed, no distinct sulcus on occiput ; distance between
upper lobes of eyes equalling diameter of base of third antennal segment. Antenna
a little longer than the body, third segment a very little longer than fifth.
Prothorax half as long again as broad, irregularly plicate, the wrinkles more or
less longitudinal in middle, forming anteriorly a kind of irregular double carina.
Scutellum triangular, black. Llytra rather densely punctured at base, the punctura-
tion becoming sparser behind and disappearing before apex ; the latter rounded,
subtruncate, sutural angle obtuse, not dentate. Prosternal process sulcate, arched,
apex somewhat convex, but not tuberculate. Metasternum very finely and densely
punctured, Carinae of femora distinct ; hindfemur reaching to apex of third
abdominal segment.
We have two 22 from the Johann Albrechts Hihe, North Cameroons (L.
Conradt), and a d anda $ from Benito, French Congo. In this ¢ the elytra are
not so distinctly dilated before the apex as in the type.
12. Derolus cinctus spec. nov.
2. Similar to dilatatus, but differs obviously in the following points: pubescence
grey and sparse above and below, pronotum practically naked ; antenna shorter than
the body ; prothorax nodose at sides just behind middle, here not plicate or
punctured, the nodosity limited above by a sharply marked longitudinal groove,
wrinkles of dise not prominent, obsolescent in front, two oblique discal grooves
converging behind, reminding one of arciferus; elytra shorter than in dilatatus,
with a broad, ill-defined, black postmedian band, which is produced forward at suture
and at lateral margin; process of prosternum raised into a tubercle behind ;
metasternum and abdomen smooth, glossy, with dispersed punctures, sides of
abdomen more densely punctured, first and second segments black, the others red
like breast, the black belt corresponding to the band of the elytra; legs stouter
than in dlatatus.
Length, 13 mm.; elytra, 8 mm.; breadth, 34 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 2.
13. Derolus kraatzi spec. nov.
Pitchy black, antenna, mandible and Jegs brick-red, femora brown, except base;
pubescence silky, grey, slightly yellowish, dense on scutellum and metasternal
episternum, and forming two narrow, transverse bands on elytra, the first before
middle, irregular, produced frontad at suture, the second before declivous apex.
Frons short ; interantennal sulcus narrow and not deep, extended on to occiput,
where it is very thin. Antenna a little longer than the body; third segment not
quite half as long again as fourth, and a little longer than fifth. Prothorax about
as long as broad, strongly and evenly rounded at sides from basal to apical
constriction, not plicate, except posteriorly in middle where there are traces of folds,
a sharply marked suleus on each side of dise parallel] with the lateral outline of the
thorax ; mesial line slightly raised behind. Elytra punctured from base to near
apex ; the latter rounded, sutural angle obtuse. Prosternal process narrow, sulcate,
almost horizontal, not tubercled. Metasternum and abdomen very densely and
minutely punctured. Carinae of femora distinct ; hindfemur reaching to base of
fifth abdominal segment.
( 137 )
Length, 8} mm.
Had. Johann Albrechts Héhe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One specimen, presumably a od.
Named in honour of Dr. G. Kraatz, from whom we received this and
the other new species described in this paper from the Johann Albrechts Hohe.
14. Derolus spurius spec. nov.
3. Black, legs and antenna brownish brick-red ; head and prothorax maculated
with a golden pubescence ; base of antenna also with yellow pubescence ; rest of
body pubescent grey, the pubescence silky, witha yellowish tint, changing in patches
from brown to grey according to light.
Head and antenna essentially as in femorellus, the antenna longer and a little
thinner. Prothorax longer than in that species, differently sculptured ; subapical
suleus deep, curved backwards in middle; close behind it there begins a mesial
groove which soon divides in two branches, which are connected again by the
subbasal sulcus, thus encircling an elongate ovate area ; the grooves irregular ; the
lateral portions of the thorax also divided by a deep, obliquely longitudinal, and a
transverse groove; besides these grooves there is the ordinary plication, which is
very irregular. Elytra punctured in basal half, smooth in apical half; apex
truncate, with both angles dentate, but the outer tooth broad and obtuse. Pro- and
mesosternum as in femorellus.
Length, 19 mm.; elytra, 12 mm. ; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Hohe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One o.
15. Derolus parus spec. nov.
?. Black ; pubescence of head and prothorax yellowish, sparse, of rest of body
and legs olive-grey.
Depressed anterior part of frons almost smooth, with very few punctures ; no
longitudinal sulcus between antennae, mesial line somewhat raised on occiput ;
antennal tubercles margined ; upper lobes of eyes nearly as close together as in
Jemorellus. Antenna as long as body ; scape very short, not narrowed towards
base, rugate-punctate ; segments 3 and 5 longer than in femoredlus. Prothorax
longer than in spurius, with a similar divided groove on disc, but the plication more
regularly transverse. Scutellum semicircular, shorter than in either spurius or
Jemorellus. Elytra evenly olive-grey, punctured all over, the punctures very
shallow in apical half, apices rounded together, not truncate, sutural angle not
dentate. Prosternal process truncate-tuberculate, slightly convex along middl.
Carinae of femora obsolescent.
Length, 18 mm.; elytra, 11 mm. ; breadth, 4 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
16. Derolus fulvus spec. nov.
3%. Dark brick-red, thorax blackish ; pubescence of underside silky grey, of
upperside golden-tawny, with dark reflections on elytra. Head finely punctured ;
mesial callosity of frons rounded-ovate, smooth ; suleus between antennae deep and
broad ; interspace between upper lobes of eyes narrower than the third antennal
( 138 )
segment is broad at base. Antenna a little longer than the body ; scape short,
finely and densely punctate, slightly rugate ; segment 3 as long as 4 and 5 pected
Lp about half the length of £5 Prothorax half as long again as broad in ¢, broader
in ? than in 3, heavily and irregularly plicate transversely, two longitudinal
grooves on dise uniting in front, distinct in d, indistinct in 2. Elytra with small
dispersed punctures in basal half, besides the extremely minute and dense
puncturation ; apices obliquely truncate, outer angle more projecting, acuminate
sutural angle dentate. Prosternal process arched, longitudinally grooved, with a
small tubercle behind. Carinae of femora distinct ; hindfemur reaching to base of
fifth abdominal segment.
Length, 21—27 mm. ; elytra, 13—17 mm. ; breadth, 42—6 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Two od, one 2.
17. Cordylomera vittata spec. nov.
3. Ochraceous tawny, clothed with a grey pubescence ; prosternum (except
apex) and head brownish ; legs luteous ; incrassate parts of femora (except a spot
on upperside), apices of tibiae and of antennal segments 3 to 11, antennal segments
1 and 2, a mesial and a lateral vitta on prothorax, interrupted in middle, scutellum,
lateral margin of elytra, base of suture, and a vitta from base near shoulder to apex
of suture, brown-black. Antenna twice the length of the body, spines directed
distad, segment 7 without spine, 4 a little shorter than 3, this shorter than 5.
Prothorax depressed above, widest behind middle, scarcely longer than broad at
the widest point, no distinct puncturation ; mesial line slightly raised in front and
behind. Elytra coarsely punctate all over, somewhat rugate ; apical spine short.
Length, 14 mm.
Hab. Mpuapua, German East Africa.
One 6.
Close to C. schoenherri (1871) Fahrs., but elytra different in pattern.
,Synonymical note :—
Stenomalus ocellatus (1883) Qued. is the same as Allophyton biloculare (1878)
Thoms.
Ceresida (1894) Jord. is a synonym of Adloeme (1893) Lameere, C. antennalis
being the same as A. murrayi.
Antennica (1894) Jord. is the same as Pseuderes (1893) Lameere ; but in the
two species described by me the fourth segment of the antenna is shorter than
the third, while the two are of equal length in eau/, of which the type is in the
Tring Museum (ex col]. Allnand). In exud the pronotum has a black mesial spot,
while in dutea and xigripes there is a black line extending from occiput to
scutellum.
18. Obriaccum gazella spec. nov.
Similar to O. elegans (1887) Fairm. Larger. Elytra minutely and dispersedly
punctate, the punctures subseriate; a broad antemedian polished band posteriorly
bordered by a narrow, raised buff line which is transverse at suture, curving soon
abruptly at an obtuse angle obliquely backwards towards lateral margin ; halfway
Ee
(139 )
between this line and apex a narrow, evenly curved, ill-defined white band
extending from side to side.
Length, 15 mm.
Hab. Mpuapua, German East Africa.
One 3.
19. Lygrus bicinctus spec. nov.
3. Very pale buff-yellow, glossy; head and prothorax deeper in tint, tip of
mandibles black ; antenna brown, last two segments cream-colour ; two broad bands
across the elytra brown, the first median, convex in front, joined along outer margin
to second, which stands at apical fifth and is produced laterally to tip of elytra.
Occiput very densely punctured behind. Scape of antenne, lensely rugate-punctate ;
segment 3 more than twice the length of the scape and a very little shorter than 4 ;
segments 6 to 10 gradually shortened, 11 a little longer than 10, less than half the
length of 3. Prothorax half as long again as broad in middle, subcylindrical,
slightly uneven, feebly rounded at sides, dispersedly punctured, scarcely any
punctures in mesial line. Elytra very densely and coarsely punctured, the punctures
especially large and close together in middle ; a feeble mesial carina, abbreviated
in front and behind.
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Hihe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One o.
The eye is sinuate, having a distinct but rather short upper lobe.
Idiocalla gen. nov.
32. Head broad, interspace between upper lobes of eyes about half the width
of the thorax and twice the height of the frons ; the latter more than twice as
broad as high; antennal tubercles widely separate ; a mesial sulcus between them.
Antenna a little longer (¢) or shorter (?) than the body, filiform, segments 33
almost the same length ; scape with subapical, transverse, curved carina, the half-
moon-shaped space (cicatrix) encircled by it with another carina. Prothorax broader
in middle than long, irregular above, sides obtusely nodose, not dentate. Scutellum
longer than broad, rounded at end and minutely incised. Elytra broader thar
thorax, truncate-sinuate at base, the rounded shoulders projecting a little, flat (as
in Callidium), sides parallel, apex of each rounded. Prosternal process narrow,
reaching beyond coxae, coxal cavity open ; mesosternal process triangular, obtuse.
Femora ¢lub-shaped. First abdominal segment of 3 three times, of ¢ four times,
the length of the second ; a large cavity on third to fifth in ¢, fringed with hairs.
Type : Idiocalla ferrugineus (1894) Jord., described as a Semanotus.
A cicatrix-like structure occurs also in some of the species allied to Psebiwm,
with which Jdiocalla has much in common, though the body is not long-hairy and
the elytra are not abbreviated.
20. Idiocalla postica spec. nov.
9. Similar to 0. ferrugineus (1894) Jord., deeper ferruginous ; femora with
red ring ; elytra black at apex, the black area about 2 mm. wide ; prothorax more
strongly dilated laterally in middle and less obviously nodose above, and -elytra
wider at base, than in ferrugineus.
( 140 )
Length, 16 mm.; elytra, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Nguelo, Usambara.
One @.
Callidium cupreovirens (1884) Qued. is doubtless the same as Callidium
angolense (1843) Hrichs., and belongs most likely to Zamizum.
21. Syndere leptis spec. nov.
?. Black, without gloss ; under surface with a silky white pubescence, which
is dense at the sides, the white area being on prothorax just visible in dorsal view ;
a tawny discal vitta on each Ciytrum, extending from scutellum to shoulder and
reaching to apical fourth, posteriorly approaching suture.
Frons densely shagreened, mesially suleate. Scape of antenna coarsely rugate
on upperside. Prothorax half as long again as broad, narrowest at base, a little
wider in middle than at apex, faintly raised transversely in middle, densely punctate-
reticulate above. Hlytra also densely punctate-reticulate above ; humeral angle
smooth. Metasternum densely sculptured with umbilicate punctures. Upper and
inner surface of hindleg coarsely punctate.
Length, 54 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Héhe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One ?.
Allied to dicolor (1894) Kolbe, differing in pattern and in the elytra not being
subcarinate.
22. Syndere lagria spec. nov.
3%. Head, prothorax, sterna, scutellum, antenna and legs black ; elytra tawny-
ochraceous ; abdomen ochraceous rufous.
Frons with few punctures. Occiput and pronotum grossly punctured, the
punctures less dense in middle. Scape of antenna coarsely punctate-rugate ; third
segment half as long again as fourth. Pronotum strongly convex laterally on dise.
Elytra granulate-punctate ; somewhat coriaceous. Sterna and femora coarsely
rugate-punctate ; prosternum transversely striate.
Length, 83—9 mm.
fab. Mpuapua, German Hast Africa.
Three dd, one &.
Allied to apicalis (1902) Gahan, in which the elytra are black at the apex.
23. Apiogaster collare spec. nov.
3. Glossy, covered with long whitish hairs. Prothorax and under surface of
body brick-red, much deeper in tint than the prothorax of the two following
species ; elytra blue, lateral edge brick-red basally ; edges of prothorax and the
tibiae brownish black ; head, antenna and legs metallic black.
Interantennal groove of head very deep, extending to near clypeus ; head
coarsely punctured. Prothorax widest beyond middle, transversely wrinkled at
apical margin, with widely dispersed minute punctures, almost smooth; a mesial
carina from near apical edge to basal constriction. Scutellum broad, bilobate.
Elytra punctured all over, except shoulder angle ; apex slightly truncate, sutural
angles with a very small tooth, external angles not toothed. Puncturation of
underside sparse, a little denser on the minutely wrinkled prosternum.
(141 )
Length, 104 mm.
Hab. Uitenhage, Natal.
One ¢o.
Clostrocera tricolor (1840) Guér., Rev. Zool. p. 108 (Senegal), is an Apiogaster
and closely allied to rufiventris (1855) Perr.
24. Apiogaster posticum spec. nov.
3$?. Black, glossy, with long pale hairs all over ; prothorax (except apical and
basal edges), incrassate portion of femora, foretibia and in 2 middle of midtibia,
rufous red ; elytra ochraceous, apical fifth or sixth and extreme basal edge black.
Depression between antennal tubercles deep, extending to middle of frons;
occiput reticulate behind ; frons not sulcate in middle. Prothorax much longer
than broad in middle, strongly convex aboye, especially before basal constriction ;
punctures umbilicate (with raised anterior edges), smaller than the interspaces,
sides almost impunctate. Elytra shaped as in the other species of the genus ;
coarsely punctured, the punctures, however, not very close together laterally,
shoulder and apex almost smooth ; apex of each sinuate, bidentate. Prosternum
minutely wrinkled transversely ; meso-metasternum punctate; abdomen with
widely dispersed punctures.
Length, 8$—11 mm.
Hab. Mpuapua, German East Africa.
One pair.
Differs from A. sémilis (1902) Gahan in the prothorax being black only at the
basal and apical edges, in the elytra being ochraceous for the greater part, and in
the scape of the antenna not bearing a subapical transverse carina.
25. Apiogaster opacum spec. nov.
Similar to the preceding in size and colour. Black, with very little gloss ;
covered with a short grey pubescence, which is rather dense on the under surface ;
prothorax rufous red, except basal and apical edges and two discal dots, which are
black ; incrassate portion of anterior femur rather paler than prothorax ; proximal
four-fifths of elytra ochraceous rufous ; incrassate portion of middle femur brownish
black, glossy like the corresponding portions of the other femora.
Puncturation dense all over the upperside and sterna; abdomen very densely
shagreened ; prosternum transversely wrinkled. Front of bead with an anteriorly
abbreviated mesial sulens ; antennal tubercles higher than in posticum. Pronotum
densely reticulate; very strongly convex in middle before basal constriction.
Scntellum black, more strongly bilobate than in the previous. Elytra densely
punctured to the very end; a trace of a mesial costa ; apex sinuate, bidentate.
Length, 9 mm.
Hab. Abyssinia.
Two specimens in the British Museum, one without locality in the Tring
Museum.
The African Cerambycinae allied to Clytus (auct.) and variously described as
Clytus, Clytanthus, ete., may provisionally be grouped as follows :—
( 142 )
A. Calanthemis (1864) Thoms. (type: myops).
Pedoclytus (1893) Kolbe, Stett. Ent. Zeit. p. 25 (type: conradti).
Front of head not separated from occiput, without carinae, or the carinae short
and feebly raised.
Here belong, of the species known to me, the following :
Calanthemis myops (1864) Thoms.
We have this species from Natal.
Calanthemis subcruciatus (1855) White.
A series of specimens from Delagoa Bay in the Tring Museum.
Calanthemis saltator (1893) Kolbe.
We possess a few specimens from Usambara.
Calanthemis viridipennis (1893) Lameere.
We have the type of this peculiar species, distinguished by its long prothorax
and green elytra.
Calanthemis mocquerysi (1894) Jord.
In the Tring Museum from the Kuilu River and the Cameroons.
Calanthemis x -maculatus (1894) Jord.
I believe this to be the same as Clytus gabonicus (1858) Thoms.
26, Calanthemis tenuis spec. nov.
32. Similar in markings to C. swheruciatus ; less than half the size ; underside
black, with a sparse white pubescence, apical edges of meso-metasternum and of
the two proximal abdominal segments laterally white ; front of head with trace of
a mesial carina; pronotum much longer than in swdcruciatus, much less rounded,
widest behind middle, a mesial spot and part of base denuded ; base of elytra not
Iuteous as in sudcruciatus, except at suture, anterior oblique line not recurved
laterally.
Length, 7—9 mm.
Hab. Durban, Natal.
One pair.
27. Calanthemis temera spec. nov.
3. Close to tenuds in size and colour ; femora black, tibiae and coxae brown,
tarsi luteous ; front of head narrower than in fenzis ; prothorax more globose,
grey in basal area; suture not luteous at base; proximal oblique line of elytra
not reaching scutellum, a grey transverse median band, broad at suture, gradually
narrowing laterally, concave behind ; apical angles only with traces of teeth.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Hohe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
Two dd, one ?.
28. Calanthemis spiloderes spec. nov.
?. Brown-black, clothed with a thin grey pubescence on head, base of elytra,
legs and underside of body ; a rather large transverse lateral spot behind apex of
( 143 )
prothorax, a spot at basal edge, another above forecoxa produced upwards behind, a
spot each at apex of meso- and metasternal episterna, a lateral spot at apex of meta-
thorax, three lateral apical transverse spots on three proximal segments of abdomen,
edges of scutellum, and the spots of the elytra, sulphur-yellow ; a thin sutural
stripe widening at apex, a longitudinal line beginning at suture behind base and
turning gradually towards disc, about as long as the elytrum is broad at apical third,
a spot a little farther back near lateral margin, a very short line behind middle
projecting from sutural line, halfway between tip of this projection and outer
margin another spot. Antenna, edges of elytra, bases of femora and the tibiae and
tarsi rufous.
Head with distinct carina between antennae, disappearing before reaching
clypeus. Prothorax a little longer than mesially broad, granulose. Elytra
more elongate than in saltator and subcruciatus, which are about the same size.
Legs coarsely sculptured ; hindfemur reaching end of elytra,
Length, 13 mm.
Hab. Usambara, German Hast Africa.
One ?.
Calanthemis conradti (1893) Kolbe.
We have one specimen from Tanga.
B. Gen. noy. ?
Frons not separated from occiput, with distinct mesial carina and feeble lateral
one ; the lateral carina not a prolongation of the raised edge of the antennal groove;
hindfemur short. Here belong Clytus semirufa (1882) Qued., reichenowi (1888)
Qued., and probably also thomsoni (1880) Harold.
C, Xylotrechus (1860) Chevr. (type: sartorit).
The African species are not typical Xylotrechus.
Front of head and occiput not separated, with three high carinae, the mesial
one sometimes double (oculicollis), the lateral one continuous with the raised edge
of the antennal groove. Here belong :
Xylotrechus socius (1894) Jord.
From the Knuilu River and the Cameroons in the Tring Museum.
Xylotrechus angulifer (1894) Jord.
In the Tring Museum from the Kuilu River and Benito.
Xylotrechus gahani (1891) Duviv.
From the Kuilu River in the Tring Museum.
Xylotrechus oculicollis (1887) Fairm.
From Lindi and Mpuapua in the Tring Museum.
29. Xylotrechus fragilis spec. nov.
3. Black ; pubescent grey beneath, the pubescence denser at apices of episterna
and abdominal segments ; pubescence of pronotum greenish grey, a dot at side
and an elongate mesial ring from base to beyond middle black. Scutellum
( 144 )
creamy white. Elytra with the following markings: extreme base and sides
below shoulder, thinly grey ; a sutural elongate-ovate spot from scutellam to
basal fourth, connected posteriorly with a discal line, which is directed obliquely
forward from near suture, where it is broadest, to near declivous side, an elongate
longitudinal sublateral spot outside the oblique line, and a line from suture before
middle to apical third of outer margin, widened on dise and angulate, pale buff ;
apical fourth of elytra greyish olive-buff, the area convex in front.
Lateral carinae of front of head high, mesial one disappearing between
antennae. Prothorax longer than broad, wider at apex than at base, densely
granulose,
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Héhe, North Cameroons (Li. Conradt).
One ¢.
D. Clytanthus (1864) Thoms. (type : tricolor).
Antennal tubercles elevate, separating frous from occiput. The African species
are not typical Clytanthus.
Clytanthus capensis (1841) Lap. & Gory.
In the Tring Museum from Natal and Cape Colony. The Xylothrecus cajfer
(1872) Fahrs. is apparently a similar insect.
Clytanthus deterrens (1862) Pascoe.
In the British Museum (type).
30. Clytanthus basispilus spec. nov.
2. Black, clothed with a grey pubescence ; pronotum rufous red, except basal
and apical edges ; distal segments of antenna and claw-segments brown. Scutellum,
episterna of meso-metasternum, a large transverse apical lateral patch on first and
second abdominal segments, and the following markings of the elytra creamy white :
a short line near suture bebind scutellum, a longer one near shoulder, oblique, a
triangular spot behind shoulder, and an obliquely transverse ovate-triangular spot
in middle of dise behind these basal markings ; a larger, transverse, elongate-ovate
spot behind middle, widest above, neither reaching suture nor outer margin, and an
apical spot extending from suture to outer margin.
Antenna nearly filiform. Prothorax longer than broad, regularly rounded
at sides, widest just behind middle, densely granulated above. Scutellum half as
broad again as long, strongly rounded. Legs finely shagreened, no carinae on
femora.
Length, 11 mm.
Hab. Mpuapua, German East Africa.
One ?.
Differs from deterrens (1862) Pasc. especially in the presence of basal markings
on the elytra.
31. Clytanthus ancora spec. nov.
?. Black, covered with a grey pubescence, giving the insect a slaty grey
appearance. Segments 5 to 11 of antenna brown or black. A transverse middle
band on prothorax mesially and laterally constricted, an elongate-triangular
(145 )
space on the elytra reaching from sentellum to near middle, widened behind to
lateral margin and here extending forward and backward, and a transverse, slightly
curved, band of even width at apical fourth, black ; within the black proximal area
of the elytra there is on each a yellowish white angle-shaped mark, beginning at
suture at basal fourth or fifth, slightly and gradually widening behind, and turning at
an obtuse angle towards the side before reaching the hinder edge of the black area,
the transverse branch stopping in middle of disc; before and laterally of the tip of
the transverse branch there is a linear oblique spot ; the black area itself posteriorly
edged with yellowish white ; a spot on coxae, a spot above anterior coxa, meso- and
metasternal episterna, and a transverse, apical, lateral spot on first and second
abdominal segments, creamy white. Prothorax longer than mesially broad,
reticulate as in Plagionotulus, elytra elongate; hindfemur nearly reaching apex of
elytra ; legs coarsely rugate ; no carinae on femora.
Length, 16—18 mm. ; elytra, 11—12 mm. ; breadth, 3{—4 mm.
Hab. Mpuapua, German East Africa.
Ia) SSP
E. Plagionotulus (1894) Jord. (type: lyricen).
Antennal groove large, open; frons separated from occiput. Prothorax
globular. Femora carinate.
Plagionotulus lyricen (1894) Jord.
I am not certain that Zyricen is distinct from Clytanthus dimidiatus (1882)
Qned., and from Clytus contractifrons (1890) Bates, the descriptions of which fit very
well the present species.
Plagionotulus senegalensis (1841) Lap. & Gory.
In the British Museum from Senegambia. Closely resembling the preceding.
Plagionotulus westringi (1872) Fahrs.
Syn.: Pl. cinereus (1894) Jord.
I have no longer any doubt that the two names apply to the same insect.
F. Denticerus (1894) Jord. (type: reticulatus).
Like Plagionotulus, but antennal segment 3 and following produced into an
acute tooth at apex on innerside.
It is possible judging from the description, that Clostrocera (1834) Serv. is the
same as Denticerus.
The second species described as Clostrocera, namely tricolor (1840) Guérin, is
doubtless an Apiogaster (see above, sub No. 23).
Supramiry LAMIINAE.,
32. Monochamus laevis spec. nov.
3. Resembling basalis, griseoplagiatus and gabonicus; elytra clayish grey,
except a broad brown band which extends obliquely to suture, where it is
( 146 )
somewhat produced anad, the band extending laterally from near shoulder to
apical third, and being posteriorly rather better defined than anteriorly ; base of
elytra not brown.
Frons smooth, only with a row of punctures at the eye. Scape of antenna
shorter than in the species mentioned before, without large punctures ; apices of
segments more or less brown. Eye smaller than in the species mentioned.
Prothorax longer than it is broad at base, without distinct subapical suleus,
with a very few punctures anteriorly and posteriorly on disc, and a few more on
upperside of spine; disc mesially shallowly impressed, the impression bordered
laterally by a very feeble elongate tubercle, mesial antebasal tubercle distinct,
not suleate. Elytra punctured all over, the punctures in almost regular rows
above at base, largest behind shoulder, the basal ones with slightly granuliform
anterior edges ; a series of two or three more prominent granules on the mesial basal
convexity; only four rows of punctures between this series and the suture; apex
of each elytrum obliquely rounded-truncate, the sutural angle being very obtuse.
No large punctures on femora.
Length, 18 mm. ; elytra, 11} mm. ; breadth, 5} mm.
Hab. Benito (type) and Kuilu, French Congo.
Two dd.
33. Monochamus borussus spec. noy.
3. Exactly like farinosa (1884) Bates, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxi. p. 16 (Gabun)
(Melanopolia), except in the third segment of the antenna not being clubbed, in
segments 3 to 11 being conspicuously white at base, and in the apex of the elytrum
being slightly sinuate.
Hab. Congo.
One o.
We have four specimens of farinosa three 3d, one ¢ from Lolodorf,
Cameroons, and from Benito, French Congo. In all four specimens the suture of
the elytra is more or less white. The antennal segments 5 to 11 are brown,
not ringed with grey. The figure of farinosa in Waterhouse, Azd t. 170. f. 5,
is not very good, the base of the elytra and the scutellum erroneously being
represented as quite black and the two vittae of the pronotum as almost
parallel.
34. Monochamus omias spec. nov.
32. Brown-black ; pubescence of underside and legs olive-grey, with a silky
yellow gloss in side-light ; upperside variegated with clayish olive and black ; an
ill-defined patch on occiput at each side, an elongate patch or abbreviated vitta at
each side of pronotum, extending from base to beyond middle, a rounded basal
patch on each elytrum close to scutellum, a large mesial area not reaching lateral
margin, rounded in front on each elytrum, concave or straight behind, touching
suture, and a large ovate discal ante-apical spot, velvety black ; elytra, moreover,
dotted and marmorated with black and olive. Antenna brown, thrice (d) or (2)
not quite twice the length, of the body, segments 3 to 7 grey at base, especially in ?.
Seutellum bordered with bright buff. Head with large punctures all over ; smooth
mesial line extremely fine. Scape long, regularly conical, smooth in appearance,
with a few punctures. Lower lobe of eye small, diameter two-thirds that of
cheek. Prothorax as long as it is broad at base, with very long and acute side-spine ;
rather densely punctured in front; depressed before middle, without distinct
e147)
transverse subapical sulcus; globosities ill defined, except the mesial one. Scutellam
rounded. Elytra quite straight at base, with the shoulders acute, prominent, but not
projecting forward; almost gradually narrowing from shonlders to near apex,
punctured from base to near apex, shoulders granulose ; an inconspicuous short basal
submesial carina ending in a tooth-like tubercle ; apex rounded. Femora without
large punctures. Hairs at end of abdomen and at apices of tibiae ochraceous.
Length, 19 mm. ; elytra, 13 mm. ; breadth, 8} mm.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons (type), and Benito, French Congo.
One pair.
35. Monochamus melaleuca spec. noy.
3. Closely allied to oméas, but very different in pattern and in the structure of
the head and prothorax.
Black. Frons, cheek, a mesial vitta on occiput, a broader one on pronotum, sides
of thorax (excepting spine and a patch below it), scutellum, numerous more or less
confluent spots on elytra, and sides of under surface, white; legs and scape of
antenna grey, being thinly pubescent.
Head and pronotum scarcely with any punctures. Frons slightly convex,
mesial line thin but distinct ; lower lobe of eye little over half the width of the
cheek. Antenna three times the length of the body ; scape thicker than in omias,
rather finely punctured. Pronotum without distinct dorsal tubercles and grooves ;
lateral spine very broad at base, but short. Scutellum rounded. LElytra as in
omias, the punctures more regularly seriate near suture. Femora without
punctures.
Length, 15 mm. ; elytra, 10 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Two 3d.
The hind femora reach to near end of abdomen in omias and melaleuca, and
the apices of the elytra are almost rounded together.
36. Monochamus distigma spec. nov.
3?. Brown-black, tibiae, abdomen and antenna rufescent in some specimens ;
underside evenly pubescent, clayish olive ; upperside tawny-olive, indistinctly
irrorated with brown, the tawny-olive pubescence interrupted by the large punctures.
Scutellam buff. A velvety black discal postmedian spot on each elytrum,
irregularly transverse or ovate, seldom only vest'gial.
Head punctured all over, the punctures large and deep, but not very close
together ; frons with faintly raised mesial line. Lower lobe of eye not so wide as
cheek. Antenna of d three times the length of the body, of ? half as long again
as the body ; scape short, with small punctures ; segments 3 to 11 grey at bases in
?. Prothorax with large punctures all over the upperside, except the feeble discal
callosities, and also on the underside beneath the side-spine ; as long as basally
broad ; no distinct subapical sulcus above, no distinctly limited mesial impression ;
antebasal mesial callosity feebly impressed. Elytra with rectangular, very slightly
receding shoulders, coarsely punctured from base to apex, conspicuously granulate
at base, the granules highest on the somewhat raised mesial part of base ; apex
truncate, with the angles rounded. Mesosternal episternum with some large
punctures. Femora not punctured.
11
( 148 )
Length, 13—15 mm.; elytra, 9—11 mm.; breadth, 4—5 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Two od, four ? 2.
37. Monochamus isochrous spec. nov.
$2. Brown, covered with a very dense tomentum of an olivaceons raw-umber
colour, which is rather paler below and at sides of prothorax than above ; longer
pubescence of tibiae and the soles silky ochraceous ; a thin basal mesial line on
pronotum and the seutellum cream-colour ; the scutellum especially conspicuous ;
no other markings.
Head with a very deep mesial suleus from eclypens to pronotum; frons
irregular, bearing an additional longitudinal groove between middle and eye, no
puceturation; antennal tubercles large, somewhat rugose, with a longitudinal groove
at base on inner surface, the interantennal depression not appearing triangular but
qnadrangular, which is especially obvious in a view from behind; on occiput an
oblique submesial groove behind upper lobe of eye, no punctures except a few on
the fold limited by this groove. Antenna of ¢ half as long again as, of 2 a little
longer than, the body ; third segment as long as, or shorter than, prothorax. The
latter broader than long ; side-spine large and acute; subapical transverse groove
deep, curving backwards in middle ; immediately behind it a trapezoidal depression,
bordered laterally by a flat tubercle, which is sharply limited behind by a groove
that extends indistinctly to basal constriction ; a few small punctures on side-spine
and posteriorly at sides of disc. Scutellum evenly rounded. Elytra irregularly
depressed in several places, each rounded at apex, minutely and dispersedly punctured
from base to beyond middle, then smooth, feebly but distinctly granulose behind
shoulders. Underside not punctured except at apices of tibiae; short flat grey
hairs, which are longer than the hairs composing the bright umber-brown pubes-
cence, dispersed over legs aud underside of body; intercoxal processes of pro- and
mesosternum suleate.
Length, 28 mm.; elytra, 19 mm. ; breadth, 9 mm.
Hah. Abetifi, Ashanti (type), and Portuguese Congo.
One 6, two ? ¢.
The structure of the frons and antennal tubercles distinguishes this species
from all the other African Monochamus.
38. Monochamus homoeus spec. noy.
3%. Close to the preceding, but head normal. Pubescence slightly brighter,
especially at sides of prothorax and on underside ; bristles at apices of tibiae more
or less tawny; scutellum centrally of the ground-colour, marginally ochraceous.
Frons with thin mesial groove, no lateral grooves, antennal tubercles normal,
smooth, but the basal grooves found in ¢sochrous indicated behind in homoeus.
Third antennal segment slightly longer, and subapical sulcus of pronotum not so
deep mesially ; elytra more even, less undulate, dispersedly punctured from base to
apex, the punctures minute behind, larger than in ¢sochrous at base, their anterior
edges not raised to distinct granules laterally behind shoulder.
Antenna one-fifth (¢) or very little (2) longer than the body. Prosternal
process very feebly sulcate.
Length, 23—27 mm. ; elytra, 16—19 mm. ; breadth, 7
9 mm.
( 149 )
Hab. Benito, French Congo (type), Leopoldville and Upoto, Congo.
Two 3d, three 2 ?.
The evenly coloured body, the smooth frons of the head, the non-granulose and
apically rounded elytra, and the yellow-margined scutellum, will be sufficiently
trenchant characters by which to recognise the species.
39. Monochamus cribellum spec. nov.
3. Rufous brown, covered with a clayish buff tomentum, which is greyish
beneath. Head, prothorax above and below, elytra and sides of meso-metasternum
very densely and very coarsely punctured all over, the punctures black and brown,
giving the body an irrorated appearance. Lower lobe of eye vertical, small, not so
wide as cheek. Antenna not quite twice the length of the body, distal sezments
black, scape very short, twice as long as broad (measured from basal constriction to
apex), third segment twice the length of the scape and a third-longer than fourth.
Prothorax without sharply marked subapical suleus above; side-spine before
middle, acute ; a rather high mesial postmedian tubercle. Scutellam buff, rounded.
Elytra parallel, rather strongly convex before apex, somewhat granulated at base,
obliquely rounded at apex, non-truncate, punctures large and close together from
the base to the very apex, each bearing a very short stiff hair. Femora smooth.
Mesosternal process narrow, declivous.
Length, 7 mm.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons.
One o.
More coarsely punctured than cribrosus (1893) Lameere, of which the type
is in the Tring Museum. J. cribeldum is a much slenderer insect than cribrosus,
and can easily be distinguished by the small eye, the punctured sides of the
mesometasternum, the non-seriated punctures of the elytra, etc.
40. Monochamus aurigutta spec. nov.
3%. Brown-black, tibiae and antenna (scape excepted) more rufous brown ;
uniformly covered with a very short slaty-grey pubescence. Pronotum with a
conspicuous golden-yellow spot at each side of base. Elytra marked each with
a single, postmedian, discal, transversely rounded, velvety-black spot. Bases of
antennal segments grey.
Head and pronotum deusely punctured, excepting the three dorsal thoraciecal
callosities, which are feebly raised. Mesial line of frons feebly impressed ; eye
about as wide as cheek. Autenna two and a half times (¢) or twice (?) as
long as the body ; scape long, finely punctured. Prothorax as long as broad ;
mesial callosity grooved behind; side-spine large. Elytra truncate at base, not
rounded at shoulder, somewhat impressed behind base, gradually narrowed from
shoulder to near apex, strongly convex behind, punctured from base to apex, the
punetures large in basal half, gradually becoming smaller behind, but remaining
distinct to the very end, subseriate, especially at base ; four series of punctures
between suture and basal callosity, which bears granules that are as prominent
as those on aud behind the shoulder ; the anterior edges of all the punctures of
basal half more or less elevate ; apices of elytra rounded together, the sutural
angles distinct. Femora smooth, without punctures.
Length, 12—14 mm. ; elytra, 8—10 mm.; breadth, 4—5 mm.
( 150 )
Hab. Lolodorf, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One 6, two 2¢.
The species can easily be recognised by the yellow basal spots of the pronotum.
41. Oxyhammus derolius spec. nov.
3. Brown-black, covered with a very short clayish olive tomentum, which gives
the insect a dark slaty-grey appearance; antennal segments 4 to 11 grey at base ;
scutellum cream-colour, conspicuous;. a thin basal mesial line on pronotum also
creamy ; no other markings. Frons paler pubescent at sides than in middle.
Head and thorax without any punctures, except three or four at prothoracical
spine. Lower lobe of eye vertical, a little wider vertically than cheek, Antenna three
times the length of the body ; scape smooth, three times as long as apically broad
(apart from the narrow basal portion) ; third segment a little more than twice as
long as scape, a third longer than segment 4. Prothorax a little longer than
basally broad ; apical and subapical transverse sulci distinct and regular, but obsolete
above in middle ; no tubercles on disc ; side-spine conical, rather short. Scutellum
rounded. Elytra depressed, truncate at base and apex, with the shoulders and
sutural angles rounded, and the outer angle produced into a short spine ; coarsely
punctate-striate, the punctures distinct to apex, but here much smaller than at
base and not seriated ; base granulose. Mesosternal process slightly convex, not
tuberculate, but also not grooved.
Length, 12 mm. ; elytra, 74 mm. ; breadth, 33 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Two dc.
In appearance similar to Oxyhammus scutellaris (1893) Kolbe, but with a
simple mesosternum, and a shorter apical spine and no basal tubercle to the elytra.
Besides, the scape of derolius is shorter, the elytra are more coarsely punctured, and
the subapical sulens of the pronotum is obsolete above in middle. In the shape of
the mesosternal process derolius stands intermediate between ordinary Monochamus
and the species described by me as M. fulvaster (1894), Nov. Zoon. i. p. 194, n. 152
(Kuilu). This fulvaster has a strongly convex, anteriorly vertical mesosternal
process, and truncate and externally acuminate elytra, and belongs to Oxyhammus.
Since the relationship of derolius and scutellaris cannot be doubted, the only
character by which to distinguish Monochamus and Oxyhammus would be the
tooth at the end of the elytra.
42. Oxyhammus (?) cinctus spec. nov.
3. Black; underside, head, antenna and legs greyish white, the pubescence
short and not very dense, on prothorax extending upwards to disc, forming in
dorsal view a sinuous lateral vitta. A thin interrupted mesial line on pronotum,
scutellum, a large humeral patch on elytra extending obliquely towards suture,
a transverse, slightly sinuous band across the elytra just behind middle, broadest
at lateral margin, where it is connected with the humeral patch, produced frontad at
suture, an apical band, and the tips and extreme bases of the antennal segments,
white ; the postmedian band of the elytra slightly buftish.
Head, thorax and femora impunctate, excepting a few punctures at the base of
the prothoracical spine. Lower lobe of eye not wider than cheek. Antennal
tubercles short, the depression between them more obtuse than in the previous
species. Antenna of da little longer, of $ a little shorter than the body ; scape
——
a eee ee ae a
Ats
(151 )
smooth, reaching to middle of prothorax ; segment 3 half as long again as 4, a little
longer than scape, 10 little over twice (2) or not quite thrice (d) as long as broad,
5 to 10 gradually shortening, 11 as long as segment 6 or 7. Prothorax as broad
at base as long ; side-spine acute, curving backwards ; apical and subapical sulci as
strongly and sharply impressed as the basal ones, the subapical one imperceptibly
curved backwards in middle. Scutellum rounded-triangular. Elytra truncate at
base, with the shoulder-angles rounded, but the shoulders not receding ; punctate-
striate, the punctures large everywhere, not seriate at the apex ; the edges of the
most basal punctures of the four or five rows nearest to scutellum raised to granules ;
no granules behind shoulder ; apex sinuate as in Tomolamia irrorata, with both
angles acuminate, but the exterior tooth longer than the sutural one. Tntercoxal
process of prosternum evenly arched, sulcate ; that of mesosternum vertical in front,
compressed, tuberculate.
Length, 12 mm.; elytra, 8$ mm.; breadth, 4 mm.
Hab. Victoria, Cameroons (Voss), type, and Benito, French Congo.
One pair.
The species does not fit well in either Oxyhammus, Tomolamia, or Prodomitia.
Melanopolia (1884) Bates, Hnt. Mo. Mag. xxi. p. 15 (type: /renata).
Syn.: Griphammus (1894) Jord., Noy. Zoot. i. p. 195 (type : ligatus = frenata).
This genus resembles Vragocephala and Sternotomis in the lobate bases of the
prothorax and of the elytra, in the broad, square mesosternal process, and in the
horizontal apex of the scutellum; but the cicatrix is as in Monochamus. The
species described by Bates, l.c., as Melanopolia farinosa and convexa belong to
Monochamus, though they resemble Melanopolia very much in colour, and have
even the clubbed third antennal segment found in the species described below,
They are close to Monochamus griphus (1894) Jord., lc, and to melaleuca and
omias described above.
Melanopolia frenata (1884) Bates, lc. (3, not ?.)
Syn. : Griphammus ligatus (1894) Jord., l.c. (¢ ¢ )-
Bates described as frenata the sexes of two species, his ? being the insect
characterised hereafter.
We have both sexes of each.
43. Melanopolia cincta spec. noy.
3%. Closely resembling frenata, but differing in the third antennal segment
being clubbed and the incrassate part hairy, in the antennal segments 5 to 11 not
being white at bases (being here only greyish, or being all brown), and in the
oblique vitta extending from shoulder to suture of elytrum being separated into
more or less confluent spots and therefore being much less conspicuous. :
Hab. Benito, French Congo, type, and N’Doro, Upper Ogowé River.
Five dd, six 2.
It is a most curious fact that Melanopolia cincta and frenata differ in the same
way as Monochamus borussus and farinosa ; and that among the likewise white and
black species of Acridocephala there are two species which differ also essentially in
the one haying segments 5 to 11 of the antenna white-ringed and the other having
them simply brown.
(152 )
44. Melanopolia catori spec. noy.
?. Black and white like the others. Third segment of antenna not clubbed,
seements 4 to 10 slightly grey at base, not distinctly white as in frenata. Vittae
of pronotum parallel, not continuous with the belt of the head. Elytra sparsely
marked with white; a few spots at and behind shoulder, on dise at basal fourth,
along suture, and at apex, a larger patch at apical third touching lateral margin.
Scape of antenna much longer than in the other species, reaching beyond
middle of prothorax, asi long as the third segment. Elytra more minutely
punctured behind, ronnded tegether at apex, each being very feebly and obliquely
truncate.
Length, 18 mm.; elytra, 12 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Sierra Leone (D. Cator).
One ?.
45.5 Bixadus aparus spec. nov.
2. Black ;:pubescence clayish grey on frons and underside, whitish grey above;
a mesial patchion frons, a divided spot between antennal tubercles, middle of scape
and apices of the other antennal segments, pronotal callosities, and the greater part
of the legs, fuscous ; scutellum ochraceous ; bristles at apices and incisions of tibiae
also yellowish; a lateral spot on occiput. a C-shaped mark at base of each elytrum,
a patch before each?apex including dots of grey pubescence, and numerous dots
dispersed over the’ elytra, black ; tarsi black above, thinly grey pubescent.
Frons breader than high, with a few punctures in centre and at eyes, a patch of
punctures between antennal tubercles ; these tubercles shorter and more oblique
than in serricola. Lower lobe of eye transverse ; cheek very narrow ; upper lobes
wider apart than in-szerricola. Scape of antenna short, two and a half times as long
as apically broad ; third segment halfas long again as fourth. Prothorax shorter
than in séerricola, irregularly punctured all over, the punctures seriate here and
there, none in and near middle line; subapical suleus not sharply impressed ; a
mesial depression bordered at each side by a transverse callosity; mesially impressed
at basal constriction, the impression black ; side-spine larger than in sierricola and
a little more frontal in position. Elytra parallel from shoulder to apical declivity,
each rounded at apex, a little less flattened at suture than in séerricola ; rather
finely punctured from base to near apex ; base granulated from scutellum to
shoulder. Metasternum and abdomen with black punctures at sides.
Length, 22 mm. ; elytra, 16 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.
Hab. Victoria, Cameroons (Voss).
One .
Pascoe (Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1868. p. 12) separated Bixadus sierricola from
Monochamus on account of the short legs, the incrassate femora, the declivous pro-
and mesosternum, the large eye, and on account of the third and fourth antennal
segments being equal in length. The new species agrees with Pascoe’s diagnosis
except in the third segment of the antenna being much longer than the fourth.
Acridocephala (1855) Chevr.
I know five species of this genus. They are all closely allied except the last,
but can easily be distinguished as follows :—
( 153 )
Acridocephala nicoleti (1858) Thoms.
3%. Vittae of upper- and underside cream-colour ; that of elytra uninterrupted
from base to apex. Puncturation of elytra fine. Antenna black ; first, second, and
base of third segment grey.
We have this species from Benito and Bata, Congo.
46. Acridocephala seriata spec. nov.
3. Close to the previous ; markings white. Elytra with four series of spots,
the first and fourth consisting of small and dispersed ones, while the spots of the
two median rows are larger, with small ones in between. Antenna black ; first,
second, and base of fourth segment grey. Elytra slightly stronger punctured than
in nicoleti.
Hab. Batanga and Lolodorf, Cameroons.
Two pairs.
Acridocephala bistriata (1855) Chevr.
32. Pronotal (grey) vittae broader and less sharply defined than in the
previous ; subapical transverse suleus strongly marked above. Hlytra much more
strongly punctured and dotted all over with grey. Antenna black or brown; scape
greyish.
We have this species from Old Calabar and Mt. Cameroon.
Acridocephala spec.
3¢. Like the preceding one in the pattern of the elytra. Antennal segments 4
to 11 conspicuously ringed with white at bases. Vittae of pronotum less sharply
defined, sides of disc more obviously punctured.
We possess a series from the Kuilu River and Loanda. I identified it in 1594
as variegata (1886) Auriv., but have now doubts about the correctness of the
identification.
47. Acridocephala pardalis spec. nov.
3%. This is not a typical Acridocephala. The frons is not trapezoidal, except
in upper third, and is without the oblique naked stripes of the other species ; the
antennal tubercles are farther apart ; the prothorax is as broad at apex as at base,
has a basally broad but short postmedian side-spine, and is not transversely wrinkled
on dise.
Black, densely pubescent greyish white; antenna black-brown, not ringed
with white ; a mesial and a lateral vitta on pronotum, both abbreviated in front and
behind, and numerous confluent, ill-defined spots on elytra naked, black.
Head and thorax impunctate, apart from a very few lateral punctures on
pronotum. Frons convex. Antenna of ¢ half as long again as body, of $ a little
longer than body. Scape and third segment comparatively shorter than in the other
species ; scape with very few large punctures. Prothorax a little shorter than
basally broad ; subapical and subbasal sulci curving discad above ; disc slightly
flattened, not impressed, convex laterally. Scutellum rounded, white. Elytra
truncate at end, with the external angle more strongly dentate than the inner one ;
shoulder much more prominent than in the other spevies, the middle of the base
less projecting forward ; punctured all over, the punctures subseriate near suture.
( 154 )
Prosternal process evenly arched. Tubercle of mesosternum more obtuse than in
the other species.
Length, 114—13 mm.; elytra, 8—9 mm. ; breadth, 34—4 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo. :
One 6, four $ 2.
Resembling in appearance Humimetes jaguarita (1855) Chevr.
Cnemolia gen. nov.
3?. Near Lasiopezus. Eye sinuate, lower lobe large, its vertical diameter
much longer than that of cheek. Antenna fringed beneath; scape elongate,
slenderer than in Lasiopezus and longer, coarsely punctate-rugate at end; third
segment longer than fourth. Metasternum distinctly elevate sublaterally at apex,
carinate in ¢. Midtibia without incision ; foretarsus as in Lasiopezus.
Typus : Cnemolia mima spec. nov.
The absence of an incision from the midtibia would remove this genus to the
neighbourhood of MJesosa according to Lacordaire’s classification. But it is
undoubtedly a close ally of Lasiopezus. In Idactus the midtibial groove is either
small or also absent. Jdactus can be distinguished from Cnemolia by the smaller
eye and the strongly tuberculated or crested pronotum and elytra. The antennae of
Cnemolia are twice the length of the body in d, as long as the body in ¢.
48. Cnemolia mima spec. nov.
d. Black, covered with a grey pubescence, irregularly variegated with tawny
and, on the elytra, dotted witn black ; all the markings indistinct ; middle of sides
of elytra somewhat whitish ; a line above lateral spine of pronotum grey, a mesial
one tawny, a line on elytrum extending obliquely from shoulder to dise tawny,
dotted with black ; these lines quite indistinct. Bases of antennal segments grey.
Legs variegated with grey, clay, and brown.
Frons granulose. Vertical diameter of lower lobe of eye more than three times
as long as that of cheek. Prothorax broader than long, side-spine conical, broad at
base ; notum granulose, with two feeble convexities behind the subapical transverse
sulcus. Elytra flattened, much less convex before apex than in Lasiopezxus, less
narrowing posticad than in Latisternum ; dispersedly punctured, more coarsely at
base, granulose at shoulders, irregularly depressed, the pubescence slightly raised on
the feeble wrinkles ; a basal, mesial, elongate, broad but not high tubercle ; between
it and shoulder a depression which extends obliquely to disc.
Length, 12 mm. ; elytra, 8} mm.; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Leopoldyille, Congo.
One oC.
In appearance somewhat similar to Lastopezus variegator (1792) Fabr.
49. Cnemolia guttata spec. nov.
?. Black ; densely covered with a buffish grey pubescence; dotted with black,
especially on the elytra ; variegated with ochreous on occiput, above pronotal side-
spine, at base and in and beyond middle of elytrum. Apices of antennal segments
3 and 4, and apical two-thirds of the following segments, a large apical patch on
upperside of tibiae, apices of tarsal segments and the whole third segment, black.
Frons broader than long, with dispersed granules laterally. Lower lobe of eye
(155 )
about twice as wide vertically as cheek ; upper lobes widely separate, the distance
of eye from mesial suleus being equal to the diameter of the scape before middle.
Side-spine of the broad prothorax large ; two black, rounded, very obtuse tubercles
on dise behind subapical suleus ; dispersed punctures and some granules above and
below, no punctures or granules between the two dorsal tubercles. Scutellum
truncate-rotundate. Elytra flattened, shaped as in the preceding species, granulose
at base, especially at the prominent shoulders and the basal, crest-like tubercle ;
puncturation very coarse in basal half behind shoulder, finer towards suture
and apex
Length, 17 mm. ; elytra, 12 mm.: breadth, 7 mm.
Hab. Cameroons.
One ?.
Latisternum (1894) Jord., Nov. Zoot. i. p. 231 (type: pulehrum).
I proposed this generie naine for a species of which I knew at that time only a
mutilated $, erroneously considering it to be a close ally of Acmocera. On receipt
of perfect specimens (from Mons. H. Donckier) I became at once aware of the close
relationship of Latisternum with Lasiopezus and Ancylonotus. The essential
distinguishing characters of Latisternum are as follows :—
Head yery broad. -Eye small, divided. Antennal tubercles very short, widely
separate ; scape elongate, slender ; segments 3 to 5 or 6 incrassate at tip, more or
less curved. Pronotal side-spine large, horizontal. Hlytra narrowing apicad.
Mesosternal process broad. Legs long, hindfemur reaching at least to end of
elytra.
Here belong, besides the type species and the insect described below, Lasiopezus
onca (1882) Qued., Berl. Ent. Zeit. p. 240, and Lasiopezus aabiguus (1900) Kolbe,
ibid. p. 306.
Latisternum pulchrum (184) Jord., /.c. (Loanda).
We have from Benito, French Congo, two pairs of this species, which agree
well with the type specimen. The antennal segment 3 is much longer than 4, and
this much longer than 5; 3 to 5 are incrassate at tip, 4 and 5 strongly (¢) or
moderately (?) curved. The legs are much prolonged in the 4, the anterior femur
of our larger ¢ being longer than the elytra; the first segment of the foretarsus has
no long fringe, and is as long as the other segments together in this specimen,
rather shorter in the other 6.
50. Latisternum macropus spec. nov.
3. Similar to LZ. onca (1852) Qued., larger, the markings of the upperside
olive, not black, much larger, those of the elytra occupying a larger proportion of
the surface than the grey interspaces. Legs very long, the hindfemur reaching far
beyond the apex of the body ; the first segment of the foretarsus longer than 2 to
4 together, curved, without long fringe. Antennal segments 3 to 6 incrassate at
the very end, curved, 6 strongly hooked and provided with a tuft at the apex on the
innerside ; in onca segment 6 is normal, only 3 to 5 being clubbed.
Length, 15—18 mm.; elytra, 11—12 mm. ; breadth, 7—8 mm.
Hab. Leopoldville, Congo.
Three dd.
( 156 )
Oeax (1864) Pase., Journ. Ent. ii. p. 273 (type : triangularis).
Syn. : Trachytus (1893) Kolbe, Steté. Ent. Zeit. p. 64 (type: denticulatus=lichenea).
Differs from Zdactus especially in the third segment of the antenna not being
obviously longer than the fourth, in the lateral spine of the pronotum being small, the
elytra being shorter and more obviously narrowed apicad, and in the metasternum
being mesially much depressed.
I know five species, namely :—
Oeax lichenea.
Ocax lichenea (1891) Duviv., C. R. Soc. Ent. Belg. p. 420.
Syn.: Trachytus denticulatus (1893) Kolbe, lc.
Pronotum green, brown in middle, with three distinct tubercles, besides traces
of two smaller ones. The height of the tubercules variable. We have this species
from the Gold Coast (Kumassi), Cameroons, Benito and Kuilu.
Oeax pygmaeus (1893) Kolbe, lc. p. 263.
Pronotum @ buff: mesial tubercle very high, the others vestigial. We have
one specimen from German Hast Africa.
Oeax triangularis (1858) White.
Similar to pygmaeus, but perhaps distinct. More material is necessary to
decide the question.
51. Oeax collaris spec. nov.
32. Similar to O. pygmaeus; differs in the scape of the antenna being shorter,
in the prothorax having no black lateral vitta,and in having a very short obtuse
side-tubercle, and in the scutellum being uniformly grey or clay.
The black occipital M of pygmaeus replaced in collaris by an olive spot.
Hab. Leopoldville, Congo, type ; Johann Albrechts Héhe, N. Cameroons (L.
Conradt).
One pair.
This is perhaps the West African form of pygmaeus.
52. Oeax lateralis spec. nov.
?. Narrower than the other species, more uniform in colour, wood-brown ;
antenna, legs, underside of body, an indistinct oblique area on elytrum extending
from shoulder to middle of suture, grey, dise of pronotum also marked with grey,
the wood-brown and grey colour contrasting but little. Apices of tibiae, tarsi, and
broad infero-lateral vitta from eye to shoulder, continued as a thin lateral stripe
to near middle of elytra, a postmedian, oblique, subsutural dash, and an interrupted
lateral anteapical line, black.
Eye less deeply sinuate than in collaris and pygmaeus. Pronotum punctured ;
mesial tubercle black, smaller than in the other species, the two other discal
tubercles vestigial ; sides of thorax strongly rounded between anterior and posterior
constriction, with a short spine. Scutellum unicolorous, grey. Hlytra less coarsely
punctured than in the other species, not obviously granulose at shoulders ; apex
( 157 )
acuminate, being obliquely truncate at suture ; basal mesial crest blackish, con-
sisting of a small and three large tubercles ; the carina between it and shoulder
also blackish at base.
Length, 11 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
Paroeax gen. nov.
32. Similar to Oeaxr. Eye divided, lower lobe half the width of the cheek.
Scape about three times as long as broad, grossly punctured above, with a
short cicatrix ; third antennal segment twice as long as fourth. d with horn at
anterior edge of frons, and prolonged foreleg.
Type: nasicornis (1871) Pasc.
We have a series of Paroeax nasicornis from Cameroons and Benito.
Phloeus gen. nov.
9. In appearance similar to Oeax. Short. Eye small, divided, upper lobes
very widely separate (as in Latisternum), the distance from one to the other equalling
nearly the length of the scape. Frons broader than long. Antennal tubercles short,
widely distant. Antenna a little longer than the body ; scape rough with punctures
above, a little longer than the fourth segment, this longer than third; fringe
vestigial, consisting of short stiff hairs. Prothorax with two dorsal tubercles ;
side-spine very small. Prosternum arched, almost truncate behind ; mesosternum
nearly vertical, with rounded, compressed tubercle. Incision of midtibia small.
Type: Phloeus brevis spec. nov.
Differs from all the allies of Ancylonotus and Lasiopezus in the tuberculated
mesosternum.
53. Phloeus brevis spec. nov.
?. Black, densely clothed with a greenish grey pubescence ; upper part of
frons, middle of occiput and pronotum, a large rounded-triangular basal area on
elytra (common to both), interrupted at outerside of basal carina, and on each
elytrum another large area, beginning laterally before middle and extending to apex,
but not reaching suture, irregular behind, oblique in front, dark clay-colour, these
areas more or less edged with black. Apex of proximal segments of antennae, and
more than the apical half of the distal ones, a patch at each side of base of
pronotum, and a spot or irregular ring before apex of tibiae black.
Occiput impressed in front, punctured laterally, with a slight tubercle at each
side of middle line. Pronotum broader than long, side-spine vestigial ; no subapical
transverse groove above ; two large compressed tubercies close to apex ; mesial line
between them slightly impressed ; disc with large punctures at the sides and
behind the tubercles. Elytra truncate at base, coarsely punctured all over ;
shoulder prominent, somewhat granulated; a high crest in middle of base; a
trace of a mesial carina behind middle; declivous part of elytram somewhat
impressed ; suture dotted with brown in and behind middle. Femora and tibiae
subcarinate, with single large punctures.
Length, 13 mm.; elytra, 8} mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Sierra Leone ; two 39.
Tn colour similar to Ocax lichenea.
(158 )
54. Prosopocera fulva spec. nov.
3%. Similar to P. punctulata (1894) Jord., Nov. Zoo. i. p. 198, but differs
conspicuously in the following details : tomentum of body entirely tawny ; frons more
densely granulate ; antenna of ¢ very long, scape of both sexes very densely granulose,
at least half as long again as in punctulata, reaching somewhat beyond the antemedian
sulcus of the pronotum ; cicatrix yery prominent ; disc of pronotum more smooth ;
black dots of elytra more dispersed and larger, sutural angle rounded off in both
sexes; metasternum with two, each abdominal segment with one small black
lateral spot.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One pair.
55. Prosopocera cretacea spec. noy.
? Apparently closely allied to P. nivosus (1897) Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.
p- 152 (Galactesthes), and like this entirely white, excepting a few black dots ;
skeleton of antenna and legs black ; scape of antenna shorter than third segment,
while it is longer than the second and third togetlier in x¢vosus, according to Fairmaire
(error?) ; prothoracical tubercle, a few punctures behind it, granules on shoulder
and a small lateral dot behind shoulder, as well as a small lateral spot on each
abdominal segment, black.
Cicatrix very strong, almost closed; the scape widening apicad, appearing
angulate at end, the following segments thin.
Length, 24 mm. ; elytra, 18 mm.; breadth, 8 mm.
Hab. Fort Johnstone, Nyassaland (Dr. Perey Rendall).
One ?.
Since the division of the species of Prosopocera into two genera according to the
presence or absence of a frontal armature in the dd is quite unnatural, I do not see
any reason for separating generically the present insect and nivosus from the species
of Prosopocera. The carina of the cicatrix is certainly heavier in cretacea than in
the allies of myops, but several South African species have the carina nearly as
prominent.
Prosopocera lameeri (1892) Duviv.
This species has been described by Duvivier from a d as Anybostetha lameeri.
2. Frons, antenna, legs and underside of body buffish clay-colour, sides of
metasternal sternum and the whole upper surface of a beautiful whitish green.
Scape of antenna reaching antemedian groove of prothorax, more than half the
length of the third segment and scarcely shorter than the fourth; antemedian
groove of pronotum slightly bent backwards in the middle; dise smooth, not
tuberculate, slightly raised mesially before base, with a few punctures ou each side
in front of the basal constriction ; lateral spine small, black at tip. Scutellum
yellowish.
Elytra as long as broad at the shoulders, somewhat narrowing apicad, punctured
from base to near apex, the punctures becoming finer behind, largest at and near
the shoulders, where the anterior edges are raised to granules, densest laterally in
middle ; a trace of a brown posthumeral lateral spot and of an antemedian discal
one ; apex rounded ; extreme lateral and apical edges like underside.
Hab. Kamassi, Gold Coast (Newberry).
Se er ee
US Say
( 159 )
One &.
This species together with P. aliena and “ Sternotomis” bicolor are distin-
guished from the other species of Prosopocera by the peculiar whitish green
tomentum of the upperside. In both aléena and bicolor the head and thorax have
the clayish colour of the under surface, while in Zameeri the occiput and pronotum are
coloured like the elytra. P. aliena differs, besides, in having the sutural angle of
the elytra dentate and possessing very small prothoracical spines, which are barely
traceable in our d from Lolodorf, Cameroons ; whereas dicolor can be distinguished
from the other two species by the scape of the antenna just reaching the prothorax.
56. Prosopocera insignis spec. nov.
32. Variegated with a brown, black, and greenish white tomentum ; a double
spot on occiput, a spot behind the side-spine of the prothorax, another, transverse,
on each side of the dise before middle, and a less distinct one in front of the
scutellum, the usnal lateral posthumeral spot of the elytra and the discal ante-
median one, velvety black, more or less encircled with greenish white ; this latter
tomentum especially conspicuous on the prothorax in front of and below the
spine, on the elytra round the black spots and behind middle, on the sterna and
abdomen as spots and patches, and on the legs as rings ; the punctures of the
prothorax and elytra black.
Frons unarmed in d, with dispersed punctures near eye, an anterior mesial
patch greenish white. Antenna three to four times the length of the body in 3,
one-fourth longer than the body in 2 ; scape reaching just beyond the antemedian
sulcus of the pronotum, with dispersed coarse punctures ; third segment at least
half as long again as the scape, reaching in ¢ to black posthumeral spot
of elytra. Disc of pronotum punctured in front and at the sides; antemedian
transverse groove deep, bent backwards in middle; mesial callosity in front of
basal constriction and lateral discal callosities distinct but not prominent ;
side-spine very prominent, broad at base. lytra gradually narrowing behind,
dispersedly punctured all over, the punctures rather denser near the shoulders
on upperside, and their anterior edges here raised to granules.
Length, 23—30 mm.; elytra, 16—20 mm. ; breadth, 9—12 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
Three dd, four ? ?.
Anoplostetha (1850) Reiche.
There does not seem to be anything constant in structure which separates
Anoplostetha lactator from Prosopocera. Two of the geographical forms of
lactator have indeed been described as Prosopocera. There are at least four
or five subspecies of this species, connected by intergradations, namely :—
(a) P. lactator meridionalis subsp. noy.
3 %. White frontal patch generally large; head white behind eye; dorsal
patches of prothorax reaching to antemedian groove; basal patch of elytrum
triangular; granulation of base extended to near suture in both sexes; breast
white, excepting between and in front of coxae, the white tomentum covering the
metasternum anteriorly ; abdomen in ¢ with a single white mesial stripe or this
stripe divided, in ¢ entirely white or with small brown mesial and lateral marginal
( 160 )
spots asa ryle. Mesosternum almost evenly rounded in d, obtusely tuberculate
Oe Fy
Hab. Cape Colony to Delagoa Bay and Transvaal.
Type from Transvaal.
(+) P. lactator plagiatrix (1893) Kolbe, Stett. Ent. Zeit. p. 264 (Usambara).
3 2. Frontal patch reduced ; no large white patch behind eye ; granulation
of elytra more restricted than in the preceding, especially in ¢, lateral posthumeral
puncturation heavier ; underside with a white lateral stripe which remains lateral
on abdomen and is in ¢ abbreviated ; the greater part of the metasternum brown;
mesosternum strongly tuberculate in both sexes.
Hab. German and British East Africa.
A & specimen from Lauderdale, Nyassaland, is rather more elongate, reminding
one of the form pogge?.
(c) P. lactator mashuna (1899) Péring., Ann. S. Afr. Mus. i. p. 324. t. 7. f. 5.
(Zambesia).
Similar to pogge?, but frons with white quadrate area. Not known to me.
Hab. “* Zambesia.”
(d) P. lactator poggei (1878) Harold, Mitth. Miinch. Ent. Ver. p. 110 (Interior
of Angola).
3 ?. Elongate ; frons without spot ; pronotal patches small or absent; basal
and subapical patches of elytra reduced, granulation restricted ; underside with
white side-stripe from head to end of metasternum in both sexes ; mesosternum
evenly rounded or-obtusely tuberculate. Scutellum slightly sinuate.
Hab. Angola.
(e) P. lactator lactator (1802) Fabr., Syst. Eleuth. p. 283 (Guinea).
Syn.: Lamia radiata (1835) Gory, Ann. Soc. Ent. France p. 141. t. 2. a. f. 2 (Abyssinia).
3 %. Scape of antenna not shorter than third segment in ¢. Frontal patch
square or absent; patch behind eye large; pronotal patches abbreviated; basal
patch of elytra also abbreviated, middle and subapical patches reduced, granu-
lation restricted to shoulder; white stripe of underside remaining lateral on
abdomen and reaching last segment (¢ o r stopping at apex of metasternum ;
mesosternum slightly tuberculated.
Hab. West Africa and Abyssinia.
57. Alphitopola lutea spec. nov.
3. Of the same pale colour as pallida, differing like this obviously from
bipunctata in the pale rufous antenna and legs. Hye obviously smaller than in
either species, the cheek being higher at the narrowest point than the scape of the
antenna is broad at end. Frons armed with horn, which is almost as long as the
scape ; the hor is horizontal, curving slightly upwards, concave on upperside,
roundedly and deeply sinuate at end, with the two lobes pointed. Antenna about
three times the length of the body ; third segment nearly thrice as long as the
seape, and not quite twice the length of the fourth. Prothorax as in dipunetata,
anterior groove almost straight above; lateral tubercle vestigial, black ; base
not darker than disc. Scutellum very short, truncate, angles rounded. Elytra:
Se
( 161 )
puncturation denser than in dipunctata, especially near suture, apex without distinct
punctures, shoulder withont granules ; a lateral and a discal black spot as in
hipunctata, besides a basal elongate spot which is situated in the depression near the
shoulder. Underside uniformly pubescent as in pallida ; process of mesosternum
as in dipunctata.
Length, 14 mm. ; elytra, 10 mm. ; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One o.
The o of dipunctata possesses a short, divided frontal horn. The fourth and
fifth antennal segments appear slightly incrassate, especially in a lateral view,
reminding me of Prosopocera frey?, in which the incrassation takes place, however,
in the third and fourth segments. In dipunctata there is an inconspicuous naked
dorsal line on the fourth segment running from near the base to near the apex,
turning laterad apically ; a similar but shorter line appears on the fifth segment.
58. Alphitopola clara spec. nov.
3. Similar to A. dactea, but much larger. Tomentum of head and underside
clayish, of pronotum and elytra yellowish white ; chitin of breast slightly blackish.
Eye smaller than in dactea. Prothorax with small but distinct lateral tubercle ;
antebasal groove somewhat angulate in middle ; a few granules on disc, and some
punctures lateral before basal constriction. Elytra with dispersed conspicuous
black granules at base, and with large black naked punctures, which are very
sparse near suture and outer margin and rather denser on disc, besides numerous
inconspicuous fine punctures, covered by the tomentum. Mesosternum with small
tubercle.
Length, 18 mm.; elytra, 13 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab, Limbe, Cameroons.
One d.
Alphitopola sulphurea (1897) Auriy., Ent. Tidskr. p. 248. t. 3. f. 8 (Gabun) is
the same as A. fava (1894) Jord., Noy. Zoon. i. p. 201 (Kuilu).
59. Alphitopola pylodes spec. nov.
3. Deep brown, antenna and legs almost black; densely covered with a
yellowish clay pubescence, except antenna and legs, of which the pubescence is grey
and not dense ; no markings. Cheek strongly narrowing frontad ; frons as broad
as in the ? of A. bipunctata. Antenna little longer than the body ; cicatrix almost
closed ; scape nearly as long as the third segment, this about a quarter longer than
fourth. Prothorax not much broader than long, anterior groove shallow above,
lateral tubercle barely vestigial. Scutellum longer than broad, rounded, Hlytra as
in bipunctata, but apex of each rounded; punctures coarse. Prosternal process very
narrow in middle ; mesosternal process as in pallida.
Length, 15 mm. : elytra, 11 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Warri, Niger (Dr. Felix Roth).
One o.
I do not know where Alphitopola begins and Prosopocera ends ; the two
supposed genera seem to me to intergrale completely. It would perhaps be wisest
for the present to keep the small species, in which the diameter of the lower lobe
of the eye does not exceed the height of the cheek, separate under a new generic
term, and unite all the others under Prosopocera.
( 162 )
60. Alphitopola pylas spec. nov.
?. Black ; antenna, legs and underside of body covered with a thin bluish
grey pubescence; rest of body clothed with a dense pubescence of a yellowish
clay-colonr as in pylodes. Cheek frontally little wider than the scape of the
antenna is broad at the apex. Third antennal segment half as long again as fourth.
Prothorax with a minute black tubercle at the side; anterior transverse groove
distinct but shallow; no punctures visible; basal edge and seutellum blackish.
Elytra essentially as in pylodes, but there are three black markings—an elongate
spot at base close to shoulder, a round dot at lateral margin behind shoulder, and
a similar dot on disc at basal fourth. Mesosternal tubercle conical, strongly
projecting ventrad, almost vertical, with the tip obtuse.
Length, 16mm.; elytra, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. German East Africa (no special locality given).
One 2, received from Messrs. Staudinger and Bang-Haas.
Bangalaia quedenfeldti (1892) Duviv.
3%. Described as an Anybostetha. In appearance nearly exactly the same
as B. variegata ; pronotum with greenish grey mesial vitta, and elytra with large
greenish grey basal area, which is posteriorly rather well defined, except at suture.
Lower lobe of eye much smaller than in variegata, its vertical diameter being
shorter than the distance of the eye from the genal edge. Scape of antenna
shorter than in variegata. Side-spine of prothorax vestigial, while it is prominent
in variegata.
We have a series of this species from Benito, French Congo.
61. Bangalaia soror spec. noy.
2. Eye and scape of antenna as in variegata; prothoracical side-spine
vestigial. Sides of prothorax, a sharply marked antemedian patch on each elytrum
including a brown spot, and a very few widely separated dots in apical fourth,
greenish white ; sides of prosternum covered with the same tomentum, marked with
a brown dot; rest of underside much more sparsely pubescent than in variegata and
quedenfeldti.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
62. Bangalaia molitor spec. noy.
?. Black, densely covered with a white tomentum, which assumes a bluish
grey tint where it is not dense, namely on frons, antenna and legs. rons as broad
as high, anterior edge white. Hye coarsely granulate, lower lobe large, its vertical
diameter longer than the brown cheek is high ; occiput with an anteriorly divided
blackish brown mesial triangular patch. Scape of antenna about twice as long
as broad ; cicatrix very prominent. Thorax without spine at side, the subapical
and the two basal transverse grooves strongly impressed, a black dot in place of
the spine, and a few black punctures laterally on dise before basal constriction.
Scutellam large. Elytra distinctly broader than the prothorax, shoulders
prominent, the base being impressed close to the shoulders ; two black bands, both
irregular in outline, being partly composed of confluent black dots, neither reaching
the suture, one at basal fourth, laterally curving to base, including the shoulder
se
=
a ee
en ee
( 163 )
angle, connected by black dots near the suture with a small, irregular basal patch
surrounding the scutellum ; the second band postmedian, somewhat oblique ;
numerous black dots along the suture, aud several between second band and apex ;
of these, some merged together to a subapical lateral patch.
Prosternal process evenly curved, not as high as the coxae ; mesosternum
very obtusely tuberculate. Tibiae not carinate.
Length, 24 mm.; elytra, 17 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.
Hab. Western side of Lake Nyassa.
One ¢.
In colour almost the same as Rhaphidopsis melaleuca, from which it is
separated by the granulose frons, short and granulose scape, large cicatrix, and the
8-shaped hairy groove on the fifth abdominal segment, in which characters it agrees
with the species of Bangalaia. The non-carinate tibiae remove molitor from the
other species of Bangalaia, with which it may, however, be left associated for the
present on account of the close agreement in the other characters.
63. Bangalaia chaerila spec. nov.
3%. Frons, cheek, three belts round prothorax, scutellum, an oblique post-
basal discal spot on each elytrum, and underside, pale green; tarsi pale blue; elytra
vermiculated with pale green; a transverse belt on occiput behind interantennal
groove, a transverse dorso-lateral spot on the pronotum situated in the middle belt,
three spots on each elytrum, the first basal, transverse, the second of about the
same size, median, also transverse, slightly oblique, the third at apical fifth, smaller,
all pale pinkish buff; a large lateral spot on meso-, another on metasternum,
ochraceous buff.
Head and proximal segments of antenna densely granulose; mesial line of
frons not conspicuous. ye finely granulose, lower lobe somewhat transverse, its
vertical diameter shorter than that of the cheek; occiput smooth behind. Scape
of antenna barely half as long again as broad. Antenna without fringe. Prothorax
a little broader than long, smooth, with a very few punctures laterally before the
basal constriction. Disc transversely impressed laterally in middle, this impression
occupied by the buftish spot; side-spine very short ; base of pronotum somewhat
dilated above and sinuate at the sides. Blytra evenly convex, obliquely rounded at
apex, punctured all over, the punctures smallest behind and near suture, coarsest
laterally behind shoulder; this projecting, the base being excised. Prosternum
truncate in front, but not vertical, more or less obviously bituberculate ; mesosternal
process vertical in front, not projecting, the angle rounded off.
Length, 17 mm.; elytra, 11 mm.; breadth, 5} mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 3 and two ¢ ¢.
64. Bangalaia compta spec. nov.
3%. In facies like chaerila; eye, and bases of prothorax and elytra the same
in structure. Impressed mesial line of frons distinct; occiput and pronotum
punctured all over. Prothorax much shorter than in chaerila, with stronger lateral
spine. Hlytra more densely and coarsely punctured, and longer. Prosternal
process subvertical in front, with one transverse prominent tubercle. Antenna
without fringe, very long in 3.
Tomentum more greyish green than in chaerila. Frons ochraceous buff at
12
( 164 )
anterior edge; cheeks, partly, and subapical and basal belts of pronotum the same
colour. Greyish green tomentum of elytra here and there dotted with ochraceous
buff; three conspicuous spots of this colour on each elytrum—one at basal fifth, the
second larger, median, obliquely transverse, the third at apical fifth, longitudinal
and generally accompanied laterally by a fourth spot, with which it is often fused
together ; the third spot constricted in middle. Sides of sterna and large lateral
spots of abdominal segments 1 to 4 ochraceous buff.
Length, 1S—22 mm.; elytra, 12—15 mm.; breadth, 5s—8 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo (type), and Lolodorf, Cameroons.
Four do and three ? ¢.
65. Bangalaia vittata spec. nov.
3. Black, tomentum greyish white, slightly yellow on underside. Cheek,
a broad mesial vitta on oceiput and pronotum, scutellum, a broad discal vitta on
each elytrnm extending from base to apex, ill-defined, and the under surface, except
middle, greyish or yellowish white; frons and legs covered with a thin grey
pubescence. Hye as in the two preceding species, but lower lobe more rounded.
Seape of antenna less than half as long again as broad, fourth segment little
shorter than third, segments 3 to 5 rather strongly fringed beneath. Occiput
smooth, except some granules near interantennal groove. Pronotum without trace
of side-spine, as long as broad, widest before basal constriction, smooth, with very
few punctures laterally, sides almost straight, base mesially widened and laterally
sinuate. Elytra narrow, convex, parallel from base to apical fourth, almost evenly
punctured all over; shoulder peculiar, not projecting, but on the contrary slanting
backwards, the angle being very obtuse ; apex of elytrum rounded. Prosternal
process curved, not tuberculate. Carinae of tibiae not so distinct as in the other
species.
Length, 15—17 mm.; elytra, 10—11 mm.; breadth, 4—5 mm.
fab, Benito, French Congo.
Two dc.
In appearance similar to Acridocephala nicolet?.
66. Pinacosterna mimica spec. nov.
3%. In colour and markings almost exactly the same as green specimens of
Sternotomis regalis. Narrower than this species, agreeing in shape and structure
with the other three species of Pinacosterna (mechowi, nachtigali, weymanni),
elytra less densely and more finely punctured. Pronotum with indistinct green
transverse belts on the disc, and with a rather feeble but distinct transverse groove
before middle; an ochraceous orange transverse ovate spot in front of the lateral
tubercle. Elytra with three spots of the same colour placed as in Sternotomis
regalis, but the shoulder spot smaller, rounded.
Length, 17 mm.; elytra, 12 mm.; breadth, 64 mm.
fab, Lolodorf, Cameroons.
One pair.
67. Pinacosterna smithi spec. noy.
3. Like mimica, but prothorax without antemedian transverse groove, lateral
spot much larger, extending to apical margin, not sharply defined; no humeral
(165 )
basal spot on elytrum, antemedian spot of elytra and spot of metasternum larger.—
Perhaps only a variety of the preceding.
Hab. Bopoto, Upper Congo.
One 2, collected by Mr. Kenred Smith.
Sternotomis amoena (1841) Westw.
We have three d¢ and two $? from Benito, which differ from the first-
described form of amoena in the antemedian discal patch and the posthumeral
lateral spot being confluent, and the linear spot situated in apical fourth being also
more or less completely merged together with the long side-patch.
68. Sternotomis leucospila spec. nov.
3 2. Differs from St. amoena in the following details : postbasal sutural pair
of spots of elytra and humeral spot comparatively larger ; the discal antemedian
spot small, ovate, little Jarger than the posthumeral lateral spot ; the postmedian
linear spot situated near suture standing a little farther back ; no linear spot along
the long side-mark; the latter beginning before middle, rectangularly widened
when on a level with the linear sutural spot, then gently concave.
Hab. Ogowé R. (LL. Gazengel), type, and Benito, French Congo.
One pair.
Mons. René Oberthiir sent me the d of this insect marked “spec. nov.” I
agree with him that it is neither amoena nor murrayi.
69. Sternotomis polyspila grandis subsp. nov.
o. Larger than polyspila from West Africa, the spots nearly all shaded with
tawny, the mesial vitta of the pronotum narrow ; the dorsal humeral spot of the
elytra as well as the antemedian discal patch narrow, elongate, the lateral spots
smaller than in the West African form, and the apical patch more regularly
triangular, not extending so close to the outer margin. Pubescence of under
surface buffish, ochraceous orange spots of breast large, abdominal side-patches
shaded with ochraceous.
Hab. Ukami Mts., German E. Africa.
One 2, received from Messrs. Staudinger and Bang-Haas.
70. Sternotomis rex spec. nov.
3. Similar to S¢. picta (1886) Waterh. and Sf. coronata (1895) Jord.; shorter,
the antenna thinner, the prosternal process broader at end, deeply sinuate, the front
of the head and the lower lobe of the eye longer, the scutellum long, triangular,
pointed. Colour of tomentum as in the two species mentioned, namely bright
tawny-orange above, on frons and on sides of sterna, green on underside of antennal
seape, behind eye, laterally at base of prothorax, on abdomen, except side-spots,
and on legs. Prothorax as in coronata, subapical suleus not very distinct in middle
and here curved backwards, some oblique wrinkles laterally on dise and a slightly
raised mesial carina ; two black discal lines converging frontally and uniting near
apical margin, extending posteriorly to subbasal suleus and sending ont laterad
a branch at subapical suleus and another at subbasal one. Elytra with the
following bright tawny-orange markings separated by narrow black interspaces :
( 166 )
an elongate-ovate patch obliquely from shoulder to near suture, a rounded-
triangular patch behind shoulder from outer margin to disc; an irregular band
just before middle widest on disc, convex behind, sinuate near suture behind
and in front, with a rounded lobe projecting forward situated outside the sutural
depression; an elongate-ovate postmedian spot near suture; an apical area extending
laterally from behind middle of margin to apex, irregular and oblique above, with
two incisions above which unite and thus separate a spot from the area ; lateral
edge entirely tawny-orange, uniting the patches. In picta the basal patch reaches
suture and is produced frontad at suture, while in covonata the patch stands
farther back than in rex, there being a dark basal triangular area in that species.
Length, 23 mm.; elytra, 16 mm.; breadth, 9 mm,
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One o.
71. Tragocephala grandis spec. nov.
Similar in size to J. ochreata (1894) Fairm., Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxxviii. |
p- 153, head rather wider at frontal margin, and pronotum without a distinct
antemedian transverse groove above. Pubescence of upper- and underside clay-
colour. Antenna black, the grey basal and apical rings of the segments not marked
on the upperside, and visible below only on the proximal segments ; the first and
second segments all clayish grey beneath. Genae, pronotal side-spine, and a large
discal pronotal area, divided by a mesial clayish vitta, black. Elytra with a large
black antemedian band as in vochreata, but this band angulate laterally in
front ; humeral angle, a posthumeral marginal mark and an irregular one between
scutellam and humeral angle also black ; posterior two-fifths clay-colour, except a
large, transverse, comma-shaped, subapical spot, a short sutural stripe, a longer stripe
on the costa corresponding to the third interspace of other Cerambycidae, a sublateral
Z-shaped spot and a smaller subrotundate one behind it, which are all black.
Mesosternal intercoxal process projecting ; a small lateral spot on the pro-
sternum, an elongate one on the mesosternal episternum, a streak on the epimerum,
a shorter but broad lateral spot on the metasternum, and a transversai basal band
on the abdominal segments black; the abdominal bands are widened at the sides
and in the middle, the first and fifth excepted, the first being distinct only laterally,
and the fifth being mesially divided.
Length, 35 mm. ; breadth, 12 mm.
Hab, Diego Suarez, N. Madagascar.
Received from Mons. H. Donckier.
72. Tragocephala crassicornis spec, nov.
3. Black, pubescence creamy white. Antenna somewhat longer than the
elytra, heavy, annulated with greyish white, first segment beneath obviously
pubescent only at the base. Base of mandibles, lower part of genae, frons (except
a triangular mesial spot), a spot behind eye and another above it, as well as a thin
mesial vitta on occiput, creamy white. Dise of pronotum black, except a transverse
spot ai basal margin, which spot is triangularly produced frontad; this projection
preceded by two mesial dots, one subapical, the other nearly median ; side-spine
black. Scutellum creamy white. The creamy white patches and spots of the elytra
are arranged as follows : a transverse subbasal area continued to the base and side-
i
eu
( 167 )
margin laterally, surrounding the black humeral angle and a large black basal
patch, which surrounds the scutellum and is trilobate, the sutural lobe being very
short and acute, the side-lobes broad and rounded; the hinder edge of the area is
straight at the suture and then sends out a short acute process. A median area
extending to the lateral edge, and joined here to the subbasal one, projects backwards
to the suture, and sends frontad a spur curving at the end towards the suture, and
a shorter spur closer to the suture, the black sinus between the two spurs being
almost evenly rounded; a lateral spot between the subbasal and median areas. A
comma-shaped subapical spot pointing frontad with the subsutural narrow end, and
often joining the median area ; between this spot and the median area there are two
spots, one lateral, the other discal. Apical edge also creamy white.
Underside all creamy white, except the following markings : a minute dot at
the upper edge of the mesosternal episternum, a linear one on the epimerum, a small
ovate spot posteriorly on the metasternum, and three rows of spots on the abdomen,
one mesial and one on each side. The mesial spots of the abdomen are more or less
covered with a pale pubescence, while the side-spots are very sharply defined and
small ; last segment black at apex. Tibiae, tarsi, and upper lip somewhat greenish
grey.
9. Differs from the ¢ in the thinner and shorter antenna, which reaches
just beyond the middle of the elytra, in the creamy white lateral areas of the
pronotum joining one another apically, and in the abdominal segments 2 to 9
possessing at each side of the middle a sharply marked, oblique, small spot.
Length, 28—32 mm. ; breadth, 9—10 mm.
Hab. S.W. Madagascar (Last).
The antenna being very heavy in the 3 and short in the ?, the postantennal
part of the head being black, with two creamy white spots on each side, the black-
spotted abdomen, etc., distinguish this species from oculicollis, variegata, etc.
73. Tragocephala morio spec. nov.
9. Head and thorax entirely black, without markings. EHlytra with a patch
behind shoulder, widest below, narrowing above, its upper end about 24 mm. distant,
from suture ; a transverse median band, extending to sutural carina, where it is
truncate, the band slightly widening laterad, its anterior edge shallowly uni-,
posterior edge biconcave ; a large longitudinal apical patch, triangular, its outer
edge parallel with and close to outer margin of elytram, its sutural edge slightly
biconcave; these markings dull cinnamon-rufous, thinly edged with buff. Under
surface and legs clothed with a thin grey pubescence ; abdominal segments 3 and 4
with a rather large round cinnamon-rufous lateral spot, segments 2 and 5 with a
smaller spot.
Structure very different from that of all other species of Tragocephala known
to me. Head and prothorax with dispersed, very thin, long white hairs. Head
broad, deeply concave between the antennal tubercles. Vertical diameter of lower
lobe of eye scarcely surpassing the height of the cheek. Prothorax deeply
constricted in front of the lateral spine, the groove extending also over the disc,
though it is here shallow ; upperside depressed and very roughly vermiculate.
Mesosternal process longer than broad (ventral surface), obviously narrowing to end,
which is rounded-truncate and slightly sinuate.
Length, 30 mm. ; breadth, 9} mm.
Hab. Manow, German E. Africa.
( 168 )
One ¢, received from Messrs. Staudinger and Bang-Haas.
I thonght at first that the peculiar structure of the pronotum was due to
malformation ; but as the thorax is symmetrical and the insect deviates from the
other Vragocephala also in possessing a comparatively very narrow mesosternal
process, I believe the structure of the pronotum to be normal for this species,
though abnormal for a Vragocephala.
The only other species without markings on head and prothorax is 7. cardonaria
(1892) Lameere.
74. Tragocephala suturalis spec. nov.
é. Differs from all the species of Tragocephala in the elytra being ornamented
with a sutural vitta. A large patch on frons not reaching anterior edge, rounded
above, a spot behind eye, sides of prothorax, an elongate, mesial, basal, pronotal
spot ; on elytra: an elongate marginal spot below shoulder, a small median lateral
spot, a subapical rounded dot, a sutural vitta including scutellum, narrowing from
base to middle, just reaching an oblong postmedian sutural patch, of which the two
halves are separated by the black suture, yellow ; breast and sides of abdomen pale
yellow, anterior part of frons, cheek, and legs with a thin yellowish grey pubescence,
femora partly pale yellow.
Frons finely punctured. Lower lobe of eye higher than broad, cheek less wide
at narrowest point than is the scape of the antenna at the base. Antenna reaching
beyond end of elytra. Prothorax rather short, coarsely rugate-punctate above,
basal lobe sinuate.
Length, 20 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 3.
Poimenesperus (1875) Thoms., Arch. Ent. i. p. 35 (type: voluptuosus).
To this genus belong Nyctopais thomsoni (1869) Pascoe, and Phryneta?
velutina (1858) White.
75. Poimenesperus callimus spec. nov.
?. Similar to P. daetus. A thin mesial line on frons and a small ill-defined
spot anteriorly on cheek yellowish grey. Antenna entirely black. Markings of upper-
side of thorax and elytra vinaceous cinnamon, namely: sides of thorax including
spine, excepting a black spot occupying the underside and (above) the tip of the
spine, the vinaceous cinuamon area widest at base and apex; but the black area
remaining both at base and apex at least half as wide as the thorax is there broad ;
a transverse basal band on elytra, abbreviated at shoulder, a marginal spot beneath
shoulder, an entire, straight band before middle connected with the basal one at
suture, an apical patch, almost longitudinal, extending obliquely from outer margin
to sutural angle, halfmoon-shaped, convex discally. Sides of breast a little paler
than bands of elytra, middle of breast less densely (and more greyish) pubescent ; a
black lateral spot on metasternal sternite. Abdomen yellowish grey, a series of
large rounded lateral spots black, these confluent basally with a submedian spot on
segments 8 and 4, fifth segment brownish black, with a yellowish grey triangular
side-spot and a thin grey mesial line. Mid- and hindlegs irregularly and broadly
annulated or spotted with black and yellowish grey. Mesosternal process very
strongly projecting ventrad, compressed, conical.
( 169 )
Length, 17 mm. ; elytra, 12 mm. ; breadth, 6} mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
The species of Poimenesperus, which are all West African, can be distin-
guished from one another as follows :
a. Antenna pale tawny, except proximal segments. ; 5 te
55 black or olive-brown . ; : hd:
6. Dise of prothorax strongly rugate aril Eunene
prosternal process conical, long : . LP. phrynetoides (1894)
Tail, Noy. Zoot. i. p. 211 (Kuiln).
Disc of the prothorax not rugate . > : 5 &
é.
. Third segment of antenna not obviously ae fran
fourth. Elytra densely marmorated with blue-
grey; two transverse black bands, the first
interrupted 3 : : é ; ; . P. marmoratus (1894)
Jord., lc. (Kuiln).
Third segment of antenna much longer than fourth,
buff at base and top. Side-spine of pronotum
longer than in marmoratus. Elytra with five
undulating blue-grey bands, the second and
third connected at suture, the last produced to
apex at suture. Prosternal process higher than
in marmoratus, upper edge straight ; meso-
sternal process very high, arched, somewhat
beak-like : : . P. dobraei (1886)
W tenis Moat ee Iso J&h a vii. p. 409 (Gabun).
. Upperside black and vinaceous pinearien) or black
and olive hazel-brown ; : 3 . : 40:
Upperside black and white or Beene : ; 5 » hs
Elytra irregularly marmorated : : : ‘ : a il
» With three sharply defined bands . : : ¢ > Oh
. Pronotum with a transverse line at base and at
apex. Process of prosternum not obviously
higher than coxae, transversely cariniform,
mesosternal process broad and projecting, edge
rounded in view from anal side. Underside
black and buff : : ; . P. fulcomarmoratus
(1894) Jord. Lc. i. p. 210 (Congo).
Dise of prothorax marked with olive hazel-brown
uud black ; underside of body black-brown,
spotted with white. Prosternal process higher
than coxae ; mesosternal one very high, almost
vertical, conical, pointed . j - ; . P.velutina (1858)
White, Ann. Mag. N. H. (3). ii. p. 271 (Congo).
. Abdomen with sharply defined black side-patches,
frons with narrow yellowish grey mesial line ;
elytra with almost longitudinal apical half-moon-
shaped patch; mesosternal process high, conical P. callimus spec. nov.
(170 )
Abdomen without sharply marked black spots ;
frons yellowish buff; elytra with irregular
anteapical transverse band ; process of meso-
sternum short, broad : : . P. laetus (1858)
ites Lent. ps liste eo t..2\(Gabun)).
h. A line from head across prothoracical spine to
suture of elytra white ; a white curved line on
elytra from outer margin to apex, interrupted
before end. Prosternal process (¢) pointed,
short, longitudinally grooved on hinder surface ;
mesosternal one horizontal, compressed, much
projecting forward. ; . LP. thomsoni (1869)
Pascon ae ap NV. H. (4). iv. p. 209 (Gabun).
A white line on thorax and elytra as before, but
elytra with transverse line at apical fourth ;
antenna ringed with white, segments 8 to 11
(except tip of last) white ; prosternal process
uni-tuberculate (d) ; mesosternal one pie
conical P. taeniatus (1894)
Jord., Nov. Zoou. i. p. 209. t. 10. f. 5 (Kuilu ; Peo
Thorax with white belt at a ie and at base, suture of
elytra white in basal half, two oblique fearmyerte
lines in apical half, the first beginning laterally
before middle, the second often abbreviated ; two
white rings on antenna occupying the apex and
base respectively of the third and fourth and
of the fifth and sixth segments. Prosternal
process unituberculate in 3, bituberculate in 2 ;
mesosternal process conical in ¢, broad and
anteriorly concave in 2 F j ‘ . P. ligatus (1894) id.,
Lc. p. 209. t. 10. f. 6 CXuilu).
Upperside irregularly marmorated with greyish blue.
Process of prosternum transversely carini-
form, that of mesosternum projecting ventrad,
conical. Tip of third and basal two-thirds of
fourth antennal segment white ; ; . P.voluptuosus (1857)
Thoms., Arch. Ent. i. p. 36. t. 6. f. 6 (“ Natal” ex errore ?)
We have this species from Benito, French Congo.
I believe P. incubus (1858) Thoms., lc. ii. p. 173 to be based on
specimens of the same species.
76. Nyctopais tripuncta spec. nov.
?. Structurally the same as mysteriosus. Frons and cheek bluish white.
Antennal segments 3, 4,8 and 9 in basal half, 10 almost entirely, aud the whole of 11
bluish white, 6 and 7 with small bluish white basal spots. Prothorax with broad
bluish white lateral vitta, which includes the pointed side-spine, the tip of which is
black ; a basal and an apical transverse bluish white belt above, and on disc three
spots of the same colour, one mesial before middle, the others discal, standing farther
. ans
Cima»
back, oblique, comma-shaped. Scutellum bluish white. Elytra with the following
bluish white markings: a subbasal transverse band as in mysteriosus, but even
broader than in fasciatus, widest at the suture, and here produced backwards to
middle, where it joins a narrow transverse band composed of dots ; suture behind
this band also (but very narrowly) bluish white ; apical half of elytra dotted with
bluish white.
Hab. Victoria, Cameroons (Voss).
One ?.
Nyctopais is easily distinguished from Potimenesperus by the strongly convex
pronotum, which has no dorsal subapical suleus. The cicatrix is very short, and
stands close to the apex of the segment. Segments 3 to 7 of the antenna are thicker
than 3 is in middle. The mesosternal process is broad, truncate, not projecting,
with the edge obtuse.
77. Plagiomus spilosus spec. nov.
?. Very similar to multinotatus ; prothorax and elytra proportionally shorter.
Frons almost entirely white. Lateral vitta of prothorax much broader, continued
across the shoulder obliquely to the middle of the elytrum, fusing with the
antemedian sutural and the median subsutural discal spot ; no basal spot near
scutellum, but suture and scutellam somewhat whitish; postmedian lateral curved
spot (originating from two spots having become confluent) less oblique ; anteapical
spot more prcximal, strongly angle-shaped; apex with larger spot than in
multinotatus.
Hab. Limbe, Cameroons.
One ?.
78. Plagiomus leptis spec. nov.
3%. Structurally the same as multinotatus, antennae shorter, prothorax and
elytra proportionally narrower, the latter especially narrower at base, the former
less rounded laterally before base.
Glossy black, with the following white markings: a mesial line on frons,
anteriorly dilated to a transverse band, a thin frontal border to eye, a vitta beginning
at lower edge of eye, running obliquely across cheek, and being continued over the
sterna ; another vitta commencing subdorsally behind eye, extending straight over
the side of the prothorax to the shoulder, and then running dorsally of the shoulder-
angle to the suture, which it reaches just before middle, being slightly bent
outwards at extreme end; elytra, besides, with small sublateral median dot, a
narrow transverse band at apical third, straight from lateral margin to middle
of disc, then turning almost at a right angle backwards to the suture; another
narrow, transverse, slightly curved band before apex; large lateral spots on
abdomen. Femora near base and apex, tibiae near base, with greyish white spot ;
tarsi slightly whitish above. Extreme base of third and basal half of fourth
antennal segment white.
Length, 12—15 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 3, two ? 2.
( 172) )
Anatragus (1897) Kolbe, Avifer D. O. Afrikas p. 312 (type: ornatus).
According to the definition of this genus, there belong to it the West African
species described as :—
Lamia (Tragocephala) pulchella (1845) Westw., Arc. Ent. ii. p. 85. n. 4. t. 69.
f. 4 (Sierra Leone) ; and
Rhaphidopsis virens (1894) Jord., Nov. Zoot. i. p. 215 (Kuilu).
79. Tragiscoschema venus spec. nov.
?. Black, clothed with a grey tomentum ; antenna greenish in certain lights.
Head orange, except a round spot in centre of frons, a mesial vitta on occiput, which
does not reach frontad to the interantennal groove, and two lateral vittae, one
behind antenna, the other behind eye, black. Prothorax shorter and more convex
on dise and at sides than in wahlbergi and amadilis ; side-spine short ; basal lobe
rounded ; an oblique orange vitta at each side on disc as prolongation of the orange
occipital vitta of head, narrowing in front, bordered with black. Scutelluam brown
atapex. Elytra rather short, less elongate than in amabdilis, more distinctly narrowing
apicad, with the shoulders more prominent; an oblique orange streak beginning at
the base close to the scutellum and ending behind the shoulder, its end being on a
level with the humeral angle, the vitta not reaching to the declivous side of the
elytrum ; it is bordered with black ; an oblique orange transverse band beginning
at lateral margin behind middle, where it is widest, and curving obliquely to suture,
reaching this at apical third ; the band has a narrow black anterior border and is
rather suddenly dilated basad at outer margin; area from this band to apex black,
including a white transverse anteapical spot. Prosternum with orange lateral vitta,
intercoxal process subvertical in front, not transversely cariniform ; mesosternum
with small orange spot close to coxal groove ; process as in amabilis and wahlberg: ;
a broad orange lateral stripe on metasternum ; segments 1 to 4 of abdomen marked
each with a sharply defined, apical, anteriorly rounded, lateral spot, which is orange
and white.
Length, 9 mm.; breadth, 3 mm.
Hab. Luitpold Mts., near Skutha, British East Africa.
One ?.
Tragiscoschema (1857) Thoms., Arch. Lint. i. p. 67 (type: dertoloniz).
I unite under this generic term those species placed under Rhaphidopsis in the
Munich Catalogue, p. 3052, in which the eye is completely divided, the connecting
bar of the upper and lower lobes not being facetted as it is in Rhaphidopsis
melaleuca and allies, and in which the pronotum is lobate at the base, the prosternal
process truncate in front, the mesosternal one broad, horizontal and also truncate,
and in which, further, the antennae have no cicatrix.
Here belong welwitschi, nigropicta, wahlbergi, amabilis, bertolonii, and some
others.
Some of the species which have been described as Rhaphidopsis and
Tragiscoschema differ obviously in the head, prothorax and mesosternum. For
these I propose a new genus :—
(173 )
Spilotragus gen. nov.
3%. Head less retractile than in Tragiscoschema, wider, more strongly
narrowing at neck. Pronotum without distinct basal lobe ; prosternum simply
arched, not truncate in front, not so high as the coxae, very narrow in middle.
Mesosternal process not projecting, declivous.
Type: S. canthus.
Here belong, besides the type, the species described as :—
Rhaphidopsis guttata (1897) Jord., in Donaldson Smith, Through Unkn.
Countr. Afr. p. 453 (Somaliland) ;
Tragiscoschema ornata (1898) Gahan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (7). ii. p. 52 (HE. Afr.);
and probably —
Tragiscoschema laetula (1899) Péring., Ann. S. Afr. Mus. i. p. 825 (Zambesi).
80. Spilotragus xanthus spec. nov.
3%. Black; pubescence of antenna, of legs and middle of underside grey.
Frons and cheek sulphur-yellow, this pubescence extending beyond the interantennal
groove, from where a sulphur-yellow vitta runs obliquely along the eye over the
occiput, not reaching prothorax, antennal tubercle also yellow at upper edge of lower
lobe of eye. Underside of antenna yellowish pubescent. Prothorax pale yellow ;
a rather ill-defined vitta below the short side-tubercle, an apical and a median
Jateral discal dot, a mesial apical dot and a mesial discal rounded patch covered with
blackish brown pubescence. Elytra long, rather flattened above, the apex of each
strongly rounded; rufous brown from base to beyond middle, this area gradually
narrowing behind and extending at suture at least to apical fifth, covered with
a brownish grey pubescence; a broad, very ill-defined short basal mesial vitta, the
lateral margin below shoulder, a postmedian, elongate-triangular, posteriorly
truncate, anteriorly pointed patch, which extends posteriorly from outer margin to
the shallow sutural impression, and a narrow, straight, transverse, anteapical band,
which nearly reaches suture, sulphur-yellow ; apical area from triangular patch
backwards black. Sterna with sulphur-yellow lateral stripe, continued to the apex
of the fourth abdominal segment, but being yellowish grey on abdomen ; the stripe
dilated at the apices and narrowed at the bases of the abdominal segments, apical
fringes of these yellowish grey.
Length, 10—14 mm.
Hab. Loma, Nyassaland, x.—xii. 1895 (Dr. Perey Rendall).
A series.
81. Chariesthes affinis spec. nov.
9. Close to Ch. antennata, with the same triangular mesial groove in front of
the basal constriction of the pronotum, Brown bands of prothorax rather wider ;
elytra differently spotted: basal discal spot as in antennata ; a large sublateral spot
just behind humeral angle, no median sutural spot, a kidney-shaped mesial spot
a little before middle, no antemedian lateral spot, anterior part of C-shaped ante-
apical spot not curving so far laterad as in antennata, scarcely reaching middle of
disc, within the black space limited at the sutural side by this greyish green C
(which is pointed behind) there is a greyish green lateral spot.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One #.
We have antennata also from Benito.
( 174 )
Chariesthes nobilis (1894) Jord., Nov. Zoot. i. p. 219. t. 10. f. 7 (Kuilu).
We have from Benito three specimens agreeing with the type, and two others
in which the cream-colour of the elytra is very much reduced, the elytra being black
with the following markings: a narrow irregular basal band, produced backwards at
the suture, four sublateral dots at equal distances between shoulder and apex, first
and fourth minute, a cordiform postmedian sutural spot, and a round dot near suture
before apex.
82. Graciella plena spec. nov.
2. Resembling frivittata. Differing from all the species of Graciela in the
elytra being rounded at apex, not distinctly truncate. Entirely testaceous, spotted
with white, only the segments 3 to 11 of the antenna being brownish, and the apex
of the mandibles blackish. A mesial vitta on frons and a small mesial spot on
occiput testaceous. Pronotum with three testaceous vittae, one mesial, the others
lateral. Scutellum white. Hlytra with a round white sutural antemedian spot
common to both; besides, each with the following white spots: a large basal one,
extending at basal edge from scutellum to shoulder, triangular, not reaching suture,
with the apex rounded, an elongate one behind middle near the suture, followed by
a similar one, which is joined to a small apical spot. On disc there are a small spot
behind shoulder, a larger rounded one before and another behind middle, besides
a small subapical lateral elongate spot.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons.
One $.
The scape of the antenna is rough, as in the other species of Graciela.
83. Graciella moea spec. nov.
32. Close to G. compacta, of which it may be only a geographical form.
Differs as follows: slenderer, occipital spot not bilobate; basal patch of elytra
broader basally, not circular, but triangular, truncate at sutural side, convex at
outer side ; sutural patch situated in middle, not behind, and there is no small
sutural spot between it and scutellum ; antemedian lateral spot small, one subapical
spot near suture, no lateral one.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Hébe, Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One pair.
The insect described by Fairmaire as Chariasthes apicalis in Ann. Soc. Ent.
Belg. 1894. p. 677 is a Hapheniastus. We have it from Lolodorf, Cameroons,
and Benito. It is easily recognised by the two black dorsal vittae of the prothorax.
The ochraceous and black species of Hapheniastus bear a close colour-resemblance
to Nupserha.
84. Hapheniastus donovani spec. nov.
9. Large, robust. Testaceous and black, the pale parts with an orange
pubescence. Head with a black patch behind eye, an orange interantennal patch
dividing on occiput, and cheek and anterior edge of frons likewise pubescent orange.
Antenna black, not longer than the body, third and fourth segments testaceous in
basal half or two-thirds, the following two or three segments brownish basally.
Prothorax as in H. apicalis in shape, with a broad brownish black infra-lateral
(175 )
vitta. Shoulder-angle more slanting backwards than in the allied species ; apical
third of elytra black, this colour extending thinly along the suture. Pronotum with
three pubescent orange vittae which are continued on the elytra, which have,
besides, a lateral vitta. These vittae do not strongly contrast with the testaceous
ground-colonur.
Underside black, with black pubescence ; prosternum with pale yellow lateral
vitta; no markings on meso-metasternum and abdomen; middle of pro- and
mesosternum testaceous; anterior femur except apex, and about basal two-thirds
of middle femur also testaceous. Prosternum obliquely truncate in front.
Length, 16 mm.; elytra, 12 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Ashanti, March 1896 (Major Donovan).
One ?. Another ?, with rather more black on the antenna, elytra and femora,
from Benito, French Congo.
85. Hapheniastus discodes spec. nov.
3%. Scape of antenna quite smooth, without trace of cicatrice or granules ;
process of prosternum arched, not so high as coxa, of mesosternum convex, but
declivous in front, not distinctly tuberculate.
Black ; proximal segments of antenna and the femora (apices of these excepted)
testaceous. Antenna very long in both sexes. Upperside and sides of breast
covered by a pale Naples-yellow pubescence. Prothorax with three round black
spots, one on each side behind middle, and one in middle of disc ; antemedian
transverse groove distinct, nearer middle than in the other species of this genus.
Secutellum subtrancate. Elytra elongate, parallel at sides except in apical fifth ;
pale Naples-yellow, a large area common to both extending from base to apical
fourth, with nearly parallel sides, slightly narrowing frontad, rounded behind,
testaceous brown, with a brownish pubescence ; an ill-defined lateral stripe from
shoulder backwards black or brown; apex of elytra black. Pubescence of abdomen
greyish white.
Length, 64—8 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One pair.
This pretty species agrees structurally very well with Hapheniastus, but has
quite a different “ habitus.”
86. Phryneta crassa spec. nov.
%. Similar to macularis (1879) Harold, larger, more robust, being of the shape
of spinator. The two mesial tubercles of the pronotum higher than in macularis,
the posterior, submesial, oblique ridge angle-shaped, sending out a short but
prominent spur from its hinder part forward along the sulcate mesial ridge ; the
anterior portion of the large anterior lateral discal prominence more distinctly
separated from the larger hinder portion of this prominence and less elevate than
in macularis. Wlytra much more strongly grooved at base, the grooves standing
also closer together, there being near base five rows of large punctures between
suture and basal discal ridge of tubercles, while there are only three or four in
macularis ; the black postmedian patch is 3 mm. distant from the suture and
somewhat narrowed laterally ; there is a black discal dot before middle and two
anteapical ones, which are absent from macularis. A black patch at apex of
episternum of metathorax and laterally on first abdominal segment.
(176 )
Length, 31 mm. ; elytra, 21 mm. ; breadth, 13 mm.
Hab. Tambo, Congo.
One &.
The upperside is clothed with long black hairs. The same covering is found
in nigrosignata and nigropilosa, but since the hairs break off rather easily, one meets
with individuals which are covered with very short hairs only.
Macrochia gen. nov.
32. Allied to Synhomelix and Coniesthes, the midtibia being excised beyond
middle as in these genera. Prosternum with a high conical tubercle ; mesosternum
declivous, with an obtuse tubercle, or not tuberculate.
Typus: texata (1858) Chevr.
Here belong, besides ¢evata and the new species, decussata and ligata.
87. Macrochia lutosa spec. nov.
2. Close to I. teaata, but the elytra decidedly longer, the scutellum short and
truncate, and the pale pubescence deeper clay-colour and more extended. The black
occipital patch of texata represented in lutosa by a small spot at eye and an
irregular spot before pronotum. Scutellum all clay-colour. The black areas of
the elytra reduced, the oblique band-like patch uarrower and the basal black area
obviously smaller than in tevata.
Length, 26 mm.; elytra, 18 mm. ; breadth, 8 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
Coniesthes (1893) Kolbe.
Here belong Pachystola minica (1890) Bates, and P. tibéalis (1894) Jord.
Coniesthes nigrofasciata (1893) Kolbe is the same as Pachystola fallax (1894)
Lameere, of which the type is in the Tring Museum (ex coll. Alluand), and also the
same as Tragocephala (?) signaticornis (1855) Chevr., which is left in Tragocephala
in the Munich Catalogue, and of which the type is in the British Museum.
Cyclotaenia gen. nov.:
9. Allied to Synhomelix and Macrochia. Frons broader than long. Antennal
tubercles short and widely separate. Lower lobe of eye smaller than in the allied
genera, not higher than broad. Distance of upper lobe from the mesial suleus of
the head twice the width of the upper lobe. Mandible smooth, punctured proximally,
but not rugate. Labrom large, strongly rounded at sides and apex, sinuate in
middle. Antenna as in the allies, scape shorter, stouter, and granulose at end.
Prothorax with slender, acute, median side-tubercle ; two apical transverse sulci,
the first not reaching upperside, the second indistinct only in middle ; no tubercles
on disc. Elytra broad, evenly convex, coarsely granulate-foveolate at base. Pro-
sternum evenly rounded, with a short conical tubercle in middle ; mesosternum
decliyous, with a higher conical tubercle. Midtibia grooved.
Typus: C. discus spec. nov.
88. Cyclotaenia discus spec. nov.
2. Brown, covered with a clayish vinaceous buff pubescence. The following
brownish black markings are present: a broad vitta on occiput behind eye; on
(ai)
prothorax a mesial yitta, dilated in front, a lateral one including the side-spine and
being abbreviated in front and behind, and a line dorsally of this vitta ; on elytra a
broad semicircular band common to both elytra, widest at suture, shonlder-angle, a
subcireular, sutural patch just behind middle, divided at the suture, including
anteriorly a vinaceous buff dot on each elytrum, an evenly curved band from side to
side, crossing suture 3 mm. before apex, being convex behind; on underside, a lateral
vitta on prothorax, a large lateral patch on metasternum, and a series of lateral
patches on abdomen. A large lateral patch from middle of prosternum to apical
edge of metasternum, and another, sublateral, bordered with brown, on third and
fourth abdominal segments, chalky white.
Frons not punctured. A number of punctures on antennal tubercle above
lower lobe of eye, and on occiput near eye. Dise of pronotum convex, about ten
punctures posteriorly on each side. Scutellum rounded. Elytra very slightly
narrowed behind, apex of each very feebly truncate ; basal fourth of disc coarsely
foveolate, the grooves extending laterally to middle, becoming gradually smaller,
almost regularly seriate ; puncturation extending to apex.
Length, 26 mm.; elytra, 18 mm. ; breadth, 9 mm.
Hab. Gabun.
One ¢.
Hypsideres gen. noy.
2, Close to Cyclotaenia : lower lobe of eye higher than broad. Scape of
antenna smooth, not granuluse. Prothorax compressed, withont lateral tubercles,
strongly convex above. Prosternum with a vestige of a tubercle; mesosternal
tubercle prominent. Incision of midtibia small.
Typus: H. curvinucha.
89. Hypsideres curvinucha spec. nov.
2. Blackish brown ; pubescence vinaceous buff, marked with black and white.
A frontal vitta at eye, a lateral vitta on prothorax beneath, a large lateral patch
extending from angle of coxal cavity of prosternum to end of metasternum, including
a large, olive, irregular patch on metasternum, a lateral spot on first abdominal
segment, a smaller one on second, a sharply defined sublateral patch on third and
fourth segments, chalky white; middle of sterna cinnamon; middle of first and
second abdominal segments and a band along apical edge of fifth grey. Frons
cinnamon, excepting a triangular vinaceous mesial space which extends over
occiput ; a narrow mesial yitta and oblique broad lateral one on occiput cinnamon,
bordered with black. These lateral black border-lines continued over the pronotum,
meeting before the base of the latter; two black lateral lines above the white vitta,
curved like this. Elytra: a semicircular band of two black lines from side to side,
crossing suture behind scutellum, narrowest at lateral margin where the lines are
confluent ; a subcircular, somewhat transverse cinnamon area, the centre of which
lies behind middle of suture, encircled by a black line ; within this area another
black ring, somewhat longitudinal; this second line bordered with vinaceous grey
in front, while the first line is bordered with grey laterally and, slightly, behind ;
a continuous cinnamon and black transyerse band before apex, concave anteriorly,
reaching from side to side ; shoulder black beneath; the vinaceous buff apical and
posthumeral areas shaded with grey. Antenna brown, scape and second segment
vinaceous buff above.
C782)
Antennal tubercle and occiput punctured near eye. Prothorax with a few
punctures laterally before basal constriction; apical sulci absent from middle.
Seutellum rounded, impressed. Elytra somewhat flattened, with parallel sides
and slightly truncate apex ; base foveolate, especially at sides ; apical third with
scarcely any punctures.
Length, 19 mm. ; elytra, 13 mm.; breadth, 64 mm.
Hab. Abetifi, Ashanti.
One ¢.
90. Frea cincta spec. nov.
?. Black, clothed with an ashy grey, slightly clayish, pubescence. Two large
triangular spots on occiput black. Antenna ringed with grey, segment 3 nearly =4+5,
and = 9 + 10+ 11, 4 = 5 + 6, distal segments short. Pronotum with a sharply
defined black band at apex and at base, a few punctures laterally on disc before basal
groove ; side-spine rather narrow, similar to that of Frea sparsilis. Scutellam
black like base of elytra. These long, reticulated with grey (except base), strongly
rounded at apex, longitudinally impressed laterally on disc ; puncturation similar
to that of sparsilis. Pubescence of underside (except middle) and of legs dense ;
no spots.
Length, 17 mm.; elytra, 13 mm.; breadth, 64 mm.
Hab. Ndoro, Upper Ogowé R.
One &.
91. Acmocera authriboides picta subsp. nov.
¢¢. The Hast African form. Upperside variegated with white and tawny-olive,
the colours contrasting much more than in the West African subspecies ; a sutural,
antemedian dark patch on elytra and subapical transverse zigzag band conspicuous,
seldom the elytra all grey, excepting shoulders and apex. Underside, legs and
bases of antennal segments whitish grey. Pronotum deeper impressed mesially,
the mesial antebasal tubercle higher than in anthr. anthriboides.
Hab. Dar-es-Salaam, German Hast Africa.
A series.
92. Acridoschema atricollis spec. nov.
3¢. Allied to A. apicalis (1894) Jord., but differs in the following points :
head, pronotum and underside very thinly pubescent, glossy black ; elytra
less sharply carinate on shoulders, the sutural angle not rounded, and the pattern
different ; grey ; shoulder, a sutural spot near scutellum, two small spots behind
shoulder, varying in size, in our ? divided up into dots, a mesial patch on each
elytrum, transversely ovate, a broad irregular band before the apical declivity, and
a more or less indistinct irregular subapical spot, black; tuft of third antennal
segment vestigial. ap
Hab. Congo, no special locality given.
Two 3d, one $.
A. apicalis has a sharply defined black postmedian band on the elytra, no
median patch and no subbasal and sutural spots, and the tuft of the third segment
of the antenna is large. We have now specimens of apicalis from the Congo and
Cameroons.
(179 )
Acmocera and Acridoschema.
These two genera of Thompson’s are put together in the Munich Catalogue,
They are perfectly distinct, differing in all the species known to me (all that are
described) as follows.
I. Acmocera. End-segment of antenna modified, short, glossy, curved, pointed.
Spine of pronotum submedian. Femora clubbed, anterior femur angulate or dentate
in d. Here belong :—
Aemocera olympiana (1858) Thoms.
Acmocera anthriboides (1858) Chevr.
Acmocera compressa (1782) Fabr.
Acmocera undulata (1882) Qued.
Acmocera inermis (1858) Thoms.
Acmocera bifasciata (1878) id.
I am not convinced of the distinctness of compressa and anthriboides.
Il. Acridoschema. End-segment of antenna long. Spine of prothorax snbbasal.
Femora not obviously compressed, slenderer than in Acmocera, anterior femur of 3
not angulate or dentate above. ‘Third segment of antenna mostly tufted at end.
Here belong :—
Acridoschema isidori (1858) Chevr.
Acridoschema capricornis (1858) Thoms.
Acridoschema convexa (1894) Jord.
Acridoschema apicalis (1894) id.
Acridoschema atricollis spec. nov.
Acridoschema unifasciata (1858) Thoms.
Acridoschema varians (1894) Jord.
Acridoschema aberrans (1894) id.
Acridoschema varians is so variable in the pattern of the elytra that it seems
to me probable that wnzfasciata is also only a form of the same species (of which
the name would be in this case wnifasciata).
Acridoschema aberrans differs remarkably from the other species in the antenna
not being tufted, in the spine of the prothorax being truncate, and in the carinae of
the tibiae being vestigial.
93. Discoceps griseus spec. noy.
3%. Very close to D. fasciatus, differing only in the elytra being devoid of the
clayish band and having instead a few minate white spots before middle. Anterior
femur of d angulate above before middle as in fasciatus.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
A series.
94. Discoceps spilotus spec. nov.
3%. Structurally the same as the other two species, puncturation of elytra
coarser. Upperside glossy black, spotted with greyish white, the spots very
irregular and more or less confluent on the elytra ; those of the pronotum confluent,
less distinct, olivaceous grey.
Length, 8—10 mm.
13
( 180 )
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One 6, two ¢ ?.
The proportional length and the colour of the antennal segments is the same
in all three species.
Acridocera gen. nov.
?. Head as in Discoceps. Third segment of antenna three times as long as
fourth, with large tuft at apex; end-segment acute, short and curved as in
Aecmocera. Pronotal spine large, situated just behind middle. Femora strongly
incrassate.
Typus: A. ziexae spec. nov.
Differs from Discoceps in the spinelike end-segment of the antenna, the tufted
third segment, and the submedian spine of the prothorax ; from Acmocera in the
tufted antenna and the strongly rounded head (frontal aspect) ; from Acridoschema
also in the shape of the head, in the antennal end-segment, and in the submedian
pronotal spine ; and from all three in the very long third antennal segment.
95. Acridocera ziczac spec. nov.
2. Brownish black. Palpi, the light-pubescent parts of the elytra, the
trochanters, an apical patch on the upperside of the femora, the tibiae except apices,
the tarsi, pygidium and a lateral apical spot on the fifth ventral segment rufous.
Pubescence of frons, a spot behind eye, two short vittae on occiput, and four
irregular ones on pronotum, clay-colour. Scutellum clayish grey. Elytra with
irregular confluent spots in basal fifth, and two irregular, zigzag, transverse bands in
apical third, besides an apical spot, rufous tawny ; a broad area extending from side
to side over both elytra situated in and before middle, black, with traces of grey
markings. Pubescence of underside clayish grey.
Frons minutely granulate. Eye compressed. Antenna rufous brown ; scape
darker, granulose, shorter than in the species of Discoceps ; segments 4, 6 and 8 on
innerside (except apex), and 3 on underside before tuft distinctly pubescent white,
the pubescence thinner on the other segments; tuft of third segment black.
Prothorax as broad at apex as at base, smooth, subapical transverse groove very
sharply impressed above. Elytra coarsely punctured, subgranulate at base, slightly
uarrowing behind ; apex subtruncate.
Length, 7 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
Cubilia (1897) Jord., in Donaldson Smith, Trough Unkn. African, Countr. p. 453.
I described this genus from a single male specimen of a species which has (in
the ¢ only ?) a very peculiarly distorted frons, the anterior mesial portion of which
is abruptly and deeply excavated, the cavity thus formed being partly covered by
the lateral edges, which protrude downwards as long lobes. I now add three more
species, each based on a single specimen. None of these specimens show a trace
of the frontal cavity of Cubilia smithi ; but have like this a short, robust, hairy body,
a finely granulated and deeply sinuate eye, a short antenna which is distally
incrassate, segments 4 to 11 being compressed, and of which the scape is short and
the third segment is about as long as 4 + 5, while the distal segments are short,
Gi" Mt" ap4s * ome
Wa €
may
(181 )
a strong lateral spine close to the base of the prothorax, the sides of the latter
gradually slanting from the tip of the spine to the apex, a very narrow prosternal
process, the coxae touching each other, and also a narrow declivous mesosternal
process, and apically horizontally sinuate mandibles. However, while the claws are
divergent in three species, they are divaricate in the fourth. This difference is very
remarkable, since it would separate the species widely according to Lacordaire’s
classification. The agreement in all other features is, however, so close that I do
not believe the difference in the claws to be of much importance in this case. It is
possibly sexual.
96. Cubilia heathi spec. noy.
3d. Upperside bluish green, metallic, elytra with purple reflections ; underside,
legs and antenna, as well as frons, black ; hairs grey; anal segment yellowish clay-
colour. Head and thorax with large deep punctures. Third segment of antenna
a little longer than 4 + 5, slightly curved. THlytra very densely covered with
large punctures, appearing reticulate, the punctures smaller at apex ; sutural angle
not rounded, slightly obtuse. Prothorax distinctly tuberculate at anterior edge
laterally above the sternum.
Length, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Nengia, British Central Africa.
One d, named in honour of Dr. E. A.)Heath, from whom we have received the
specimen.
97. Cubilia fulva spec. nov.
3. Head, antenna, legs and underside of body brownish black ; pronotum
and elytra fulvons, the former darker in middle; pubescence clayish grey.
Puneturation more dispersed and less coarse than in the preceding; base of
pronotum more distinctly bisinuate ; elytra longer; prothorax also tuberculate
beneath at sides.
Length, 13 mm. ; breadth, 54 mm.
Hab. Nyassaland.
One @, in the British Museum.
98. Cubilia rubra spec. nov.
2. Lower lobe of eye higher than the cheek is frontally wide. Last segmeut
of palpi somewhat incrassate. Prothorax not tuberculate at apex beneath, but the
red tergite projecting farther frontad than the sternite. Antenna reaching basal third
of elytra, scape short, third segment as long as 4 + 5 + 6 + 7, segments 4 to 11
forming an elongate club, 6 to 11 each shorter than broad. Hlytrum strongly
rounded at apex, sutural angle very obtuse. Claws divaricate. Fifth abdominal
segment with very large and deep cavity. Brownish red, covered with a beautiful
vermilion pubescence. Antenna black, third and base of fourth segment grey
pubescent. Cheek whitish. Sterna brownish at sides, except metasternal
episternom. Prothoracical tubercle white. Legs black, tibiae slightly whitish
above at base. Middle of sterna also with thin white pubescence.
Puneturation of pronotum regular, dense; the punctures of the elytra also
evenly distributed, much smaller than their interspaces, becoming minute towards
apex.
Length, 12 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.
( 182 )
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons.
One ¢.
The divaricate claw, and the large fovea at the end of the abdomen, would bring
this species near Belodera in Lacordaire’s classification.
99. Mallonia pauper spec. nov.
3. Head as in australis (1886) Péring. Tuft of third and fourth antennal
segments occupying about two-thirds of the underside, segments 5 and 6 also
rather densely fringed beneath, segment 4 = 5 + 6, segment 3 half as long again
as 4. Prothorax with scattered punctures above, subapical transverse groove
distinct as a linear channel, no tubercles on disc; an uninterrupted greyish white
vitta above lateral spine, almost straight above, slightly rounded-dilated at base
of spine, less white centrally, bordered above and below by blackish vittae ; a brown,
double, rather indistinct central vitta. Elytra almost evenly punctured from base
to apex, subgranulate at base, with the following brownish black lines: one upon
suture at base, two parallel ones beginning at base between scutellum and shoulder,
the inner one abbreviated, the outer one curving towards suture, which it reaches in
middle ; another line, longitudinal, between suture and hinder part of inner basal
line ; a broad line below shoulder, including here two small pale spots and curving
towards disc, becoming feeble above ; interspace between this line and the outer
basal one grey on disc; some more dark lines or linear spots in apical half. The
chalky white markings of the other species are represented by the following greyish
white spots: a trace of a spot near suture in middle, two very small linear spots
laterally before middle, and two small subapical discal ones, of which the outer one
is linear and the upper one arrowhead-shaped. Underside with dispersed large
punctures. A greyish white lateral vitta on prosternum, continued as a faint stripe
over the meso- to the metasternum. Abdomen with a series of white side-spots, the
proximal spots minute, fifth triangular.
Length, 22 mm.; elytra, 15 mm. ; breadth, 64 mm.
Hab. Portuguese Congo.
One ?.
Tetraulax gen. nov.
2. No cicatrice ; middle coxal cavity open ; claws divaricate ; midtibia excised
before apex.
Mandible simple at end. Frons flat, broader than long. Antennal tubercles
widely separate, not prominent ; two short longitudinal sulci between them, united
at beginning of occiput by a transverse depression and then continued along eyes.
Hye sinuate, coarsely granulated, lower lobe higher than wide, vertical diameter
surpassing that of cheek. Antenna as long as body; scape equalling segment
3 in length, this very little longer than 4, the following decreasing, 10 the
shortest ; short dispersed hairs beneath. Prothorax characteristic, cylindrical,
without side-spine, the two pairs of transverse sulci (near base and apex) very sharply
impressed, dise with a fifth sulcus consisting of two arched grooves which unite in
middle of disc or remain separate. Elytra convex, subconical, narrowing rather
strongly anad; apex of each obliquely rounded-truncate. Prosternal process
evenly curved, remaining much below the level of the coxae ; mesosternal process
narrow, decliyous ; fifth abdominal segment as long as 2 to 4 together, depressed
at apex, mesially canaliculate at base. Legs short, hindfemur reaching base
of fourth abdominal segment ; first tarsal segment about as long as third.
( 183 )
Type: TZ. lateralis spec. nov.
In this genus belongs also Prosopocera pictiventris (1857) Chevr.
The two insects belong to the ‘ Omacanthides” according to Lacordaire’s
definition ; but I think they are more nearly related to Mycerinicus.
100. Tetraulax lateralis spec. nov.
2. Similar to A. pictiventris, sides of meso-metasternom and abdomen
chalky white, and the sides of the elytra washed with the same colour, the species
resembling pictiventrisin this respect almost exactly. The eye of the new species
is much larger, the lower lobe being very little higher than broad, and four times
as high as the cheek ; the two halves of the discal sulcus of the pronotum unite
in middle of disc, and are far less strongly curved than in pictiventris, each
representing in the latter species a semicircle. Head clay-colour like prothorax,
the front of the head not being white as in pictiventris. Distal segments of
antenna white at base, these white rings widest on the last segments.
Length, 17 mm. ; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
Planodema (1860) Thoms.
This genus is based on P. scorta (1868). The two species known to me
differ from Theocris, besides the rectangular frons, in the less slender body, much
more convex elytra, and in the anterior transverse groove of the pronotum being
very shallow above.
101. Planodema unicolor spec. nov.
?. Olive-black, brownish beneath, covered with a short greyish pubescence
which does not conceal the structure of the skeleton. No markings, except a thin
line laterally behind the eye extended on to the pronotum, and a tiny grey lateral
dot on the first four abdominal segments; hairs of anal groove ochreous ;
pubescence of tibiae yellowish ; antennal segments 3 to 11 grey at base. Lateral
tubercle of pronotum larger than in scorta, the side of the pronotum slanting from
this spine to the anterior constriction. Elytra rather denser punctured at base, and
more granulate than in scorta.
Length, 19 mm. ; elytra, 14 mm. ; breadth, 6} mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One $.
Theocris (1858) Thoms.
The two species described below agree with the type-species (sagra) in the
trapeziform frons, but they differ markedly in the prothorax. This has a small
obtuse side-tubercle in sagra, the sides of the prothorax appearing almost parallel,
while the two new species have a large side-spine, which stands less close
to the basal constriction, the sides of the thorax converging from this tubercle
to the subapical groove. ,
The abdomen of the ? of Theocris sagra has a hairy anal cavity like the ? ¢
of Planodema and Docus, but it is smaller. The 3d of the two new species have
the last (visible) abdominal tergite (7th segment) hairy and bilobate.
( 184 )
102. Theocris haltica spec. noy.
é. Olive-black; tibiae and antennae slightly rufous ; pubescence whitish grey,
that of dark parts brown. Antennal segments 4 to 11 brown, except at base.
Apex of tibiae also brown. Pronotum with traces of four brown spots on disc and
two at base, separated by whitish grey pubescence. Elytra dotted with blackish
brown, each with three brown patches: namely, one subbasal, oblique, extending
from lateral margin to near suture, from which it remains about 1 mm. distant ;
the second postmedian, of about the same width as the first, strongly narrowed near
suture, which it does not reach ; the third subapical, more strongly constricted than
the others, consisting of a large lateral and a small discal portion.
Eye large, lower lobe strongly rounded, larger than in sagra; cheek very
short. Frons without punctures, except a few along eyes. Antenna one-fourth
longer than the body ; scape shorter than in sagra, being one-third shorter than
segment 3. Disc of prothorax raised and, in middle, flattened again, with
indication of a nodosity at each side of the mesial line behind the subapical
groove; a few brown setiferous granules posteriorly on each side of the disc.
Sentellum longer than broad, rounded. Elytra truncate at base, gradually
narrowing from the rectangular shoulders backwards, strongly granulose at base,
then punctured, the punctures becoming small behind; apex of each elytrum
evenly rounded. Femora incrassate, posterior one reaching to end of abdomen.
Length, 20 mm. ; elytra, 14 mm. ; breadth, 7 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One o.
103. Theocris obliqua spec. nov.
6. Olive-black, pubescence ashy grey. Antenna brown, scape and bases of
segments 3 to 11 grey. Apex of tibiae black. Elytra indistinctly dotted and
marmorated with Iuteous, two greyish white narrow bands: the first beginning
at basal fourth behind shoulder and running obliquely towards the suture, which
it nearly reaches before middle, the second at apical third, transverse, neither
reaching suture nor outer margin ; the first band includes laterally a patch of the
ground-colour.
Lower lobe of eye transverse, not larger than in sagra, in which it is vertical.
Frons as in /altica, narrower before the antennal tubercles than in sagra. Third
segment of antenna almost half as long again as scape. Prothorax as in haltica,
but dise much more evenly convex. Scutellum about as long as it is broad at base.
Elytra truncate at base, gradually narrowed to end, rectangular at shoulders
(tip of angle rounded), coarsely and densely punctured, the punctures very large
before middle, finer towards apex, base granulose, especially at shoulder ; apex
of each elytrum nearly evenly rounded, scarcely with an indication of a sutural
angle. Femora less incrassate than in /altica ; posterior one reaching end of
fifth abdominal sternite.
Length, 16 mm.; elytra, 11 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
Ischnia gen. nov.
3. Frons rectangular. Hye coarsely granulose, sinuate, lower lobe very large,
transverse, wider than frons. Mandible sinuate below tip. Antennal tubercles
( 185 )
prominent, as in Temnoscelis. Antenna not quite twice the length of the body,
proximal segments ciliate beneath, scape slightly but distinctly constricted before
end, not reaching to middle of thorax ; segment 3 shorter than 4, all the segments
elongate, 11 longer than 10 and about one-third shorter than 4, Prothorax with
long lateral spine in middle ; apical groove obsolete above, subapical one distinct ;
disc tubereulate. Scutellam impressed, sides elevate, apex slightly sinuate.
Elytra long, slightly convex above, truncate at base, with the shoulder subangulate ;
apex truncate-sinuate, outer angle produced into a tooth. Pro- and mesosternal
processes as in Temnoscelis. Fifth abdominal sternite emarginate. Legs long and
slender ; tarsi little dilated; first segment linear, almost twice the length of the
second. Antecoxal part of prosternum equalling half the length of the sternum.
Typus: J. picta spec. nov.
Allied to Temnoscelis (1872) Lacord.
104. Ischnia picta spec. nov.
3. Brownish black ; antenna and legs more or Jess rufous brown ; pubescence
grey beneath, more clayish buff above. Pronotum with two not very distinct
blackish vittae from base to discal tubercles, one at each side of middle line, the
vittae diverging frontally. Scutellum creamy buff. Elytra with a number of pale
creamy buff lines bordering brown patches: one curves in a semicircle from shoulder
to shoulder; another longitudinal, begins in middle of base, is slightly raised, curves
towards scutellum at base, and extends just beyond the semicircle; a third line,
longitudinal, begins at shoulder, being first confluent with the semicircle, runs
towards suture, reaching this at basal two-fifths, and extends along the sutural
impressed stripe to apical fifth, turning there towards the disc; with this line are
connected two basal ones situated below the shoulder, the three including between
themselves an elongate lateral and a shorter subdorsal brown spot; the longitudinal
line sends out in middle a branch which joins a transverse line which is very strongly
zigzag ; two parallel, obliquely longitudinal lines before apex, the upper reaching
suture behind, the two confluent anteriorly and then dividing into three indistinct
lines, of which the two lateral ones are almost completely fused together ; apical
and lateral edges of elytrum also creamy.
Frons coarsely punctured. Pronotum with some granules behind lateral spine
and a very few punctures on disc; a divided mesial tubercle before basal con-
striction, and a higher tubercle behind the subapical groove on each side, situate
rather closer to the mesial line than to the lateral spine, the space between these
tubercles slightly impressed ; minute transverse striations behind the antemedian
tubercles. Elytra very slightly convex before apex, punctured, the punctures
partly in rows, rather coarse at base, minute behind, apex smooth ; sides abrupt,
subcarinate from shoulder to middle, a regular line of punctures above this ‘carina.
Underside smooth,
Length, 18 mm. ; elytra, 13 mm.; breadth, 44 mm.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons.
One o.
Abaraeus gen. nov.
3. Near Temnoscelis and Baraeus. Frons and tibiae simple. Third segment
of antenna half as long again as fourth. Pro- and mesosternum with small tubercle.
First segment of hindtarsus little widening apically.
Typus: A. cuneatus spec. nov.
( 186 )
105. Abaraeus cuneatus spec. nov.
$. Blackish brown ; pubescence of antenna, legs and underside of body olive-
chocolate, tarsi and tip of tibiae clay-colour in certain lights, upperside greyish,
mottled with brown and clay-colour ; a brown lateral marginal patch on elytrum
beyond middle, its anterior border blackish, oblique, forming a hook-shaped mark ;
a brownish subapical patch at suture. Proximal segments of antenna, legs and
underside of body with dispersed short white hairs. Abdominal segments 1 to 4
with a creamy sublateral apical dot.
Frons with dispersed punctures. Antennal tubercles widely apart. Antennal
segment 4 shorter than 546. Prothorax above without transverse sharply
impressed sulci, with large dispersed punctures and two large tubercles above ;
these tubercles, one on each side of disc, are antemedian, pyramidal ; a small,
subdivided, mesial tubercle before basal constriction. Scutellum brown. Elytra
flattened, rectangular at shoulders, gradually narrowing apicad, cuneiform, truncate-
bisinuate at end, with the sutural and lateral angles very strongly rounded; a
tubercle in middle of base, some large granules from shoulder to near middle ;
puncturation consisting of large and small punctures, densest at base, large
punctures from base to apex. Underside smooth.
Length, 18 mm.; elytra, 13 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Batanga, Cameroons.
One o.
106. Eunidia mimica spec. nov.
3. Similar to 2. divisa (1864) Pasc. from Natal, described as Syessita. Head,
prothorax, scutellum, basal three-fifths of elytra and midcoxa ochraceous, base of
fourth segment of antenna and tip of eleventh and trochanters Inteous. Antennal
tubercles, an angle-shaped band connecting them, a lateral patch behind eye continued
to base of prothorax, two vittae on occiput, uniting behind and continued as one to
beyond middle of pronotum, antenna, apical two-fifths of elytra, legs and remainder
of underside of body, black ; femora brownish towards base.
Frons flat. Antenna one-third longer than the body; third segment shorter
than in divisa. Elytra coarsely punctured, each with two distinct and two feeble
raised lines ; apex sharply truncate.
Length, 10 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ¢.
107. Hippopsicon pleuricum spec. nov.
?. Robust, brownish black, pubescence of head yellowish, of antenna, legs and
sterna olivaceous, of pronotum and elytra greyish white ; a chalky white lateral
vitta from apex of prosternum to base of fifth abdominal segment, gradually and
slightly narrowing anad, sharply defined beneath, situated close along the edge of
the elytra, which are nearly white laterally ; anterior side of foreleg grey. No
vittae on upperside. Frons granulose. Antenna one-third to one-half longer than
the elytra ; third segment half as long again as fourth. Prothorax transversely
wrinkled above, with a few small setiferous punctures at the vertical sides and before
base on dise. Elytra finely punctured, the punctures largest at base, but remaining
also here smaller than the interspaces, somewhat seriated on disc in middle ; apex
obliquely truncate, outer angle not acute.
ee
( 187 )
Length, 14—19 mm.; breadth, 44—6 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
A series.
The absence of longitudinal lines from the upperside distinguishes this robust
species at a glance from the others.
Hippopsicon virgatum (1871) Gerst. belongs to Hyllisia.
108. Hyllisia loloa spec. nov.
3. Brownish black ; pubescence clay-colour, forming the usual lines on
pronotum and elytra, the five pronotal lines not very distinct on account of the
clay pubescence covering the interspaces. Puncturation of head, pronotum, and
elytra very coarse. Antenna blackish brown, distal segments not obviously more
rufous than scape, third segment half as long again as fourth. Lower lobe of eye
large, its vertical diameter surpassing that of cheek. Prothorax about one-fifth
longer than broad, somewhat rugate in middle. Apex of elytra transversely
truncate, very faintly sinuate.
Length, 10 mm.; breadth, 24 mm.
Hab. Lolodorf, Cameroons.
One o.
Hyllisia imitans.
Hippopsis imitans (1892) Duviv., Ann, Soc. Ent. Belg, xxxvi. p. 364 (Congo).
We have two d¢ of this species, one from Assaba, Niger (Dr. Crosse), the
other from the Ogowé R. The species differs from all the others known to me
especially in the fine puncturation of the pronotum, the punctures being larger
than the interspaces, in the acuminate elytra, the impunctate underside (apart from
some large punctures situated behind the anterior coxa) and in the broad and
sharply defined yellow infero-lateral vitta of the prothorax.
The lower lobe of the eye is vertical, its vertical diameter being longer than
that of the cheek. This seems to be a male character in this genus, as is also the
long antenna, of which the third and fourth segments are almost equal in length.
The female antenna is much shorter, has a shorter end-segment, and the third
about half as long again as the fourth.
109. Polyrrhaphis africanus spec. nov.
3%. Structurally very close to the species of this American genus, differing
only in the elytra not being spinose at the truncate apex. Black, clothed with a
whitish tomentum ; a broad antemedian area on elytra, widest and most distinct
laterally, and head fuscous ; acute tubercles of elytra and a transverse band at apical
fourth from disc to disc, interrupted at the suture, black.
Lower lobe of eye a little broader than high. Pronotum with large punctures
in the depressions, a high discal tubercle on each side, a small one mesially before
base ; side-spine very loug and acute. Elytra raised at suture, in middle of base
and from humeral angle to black transverse band, armed with acute tubercles on
these raised parts.
Length, 19—22 mm. ; elytra, 11-15 mm. ; breadth, 8—10} mm.
Hab, Benito, French Congo.
One 2, three $ 2.
( 188)
110. Leiopus catops spec. nov.
3 2. Brown ; frons, except upper third, the basal halves of antennal segments
3 to 6, the extreme bases of segments 8 to 11, and the entire first and second seg-
ments, the thin (proximal) part of the femora, the basal two-thirds of the tibiae, the
tarsi and the underside of the body, luteous. Markings of upperside of a luteous
grey pubescence, namely, on prothorax : apical and basal margins, a mesial vitta
and a broader lateral one ending at spine, and between the two a spot or an
abbreviated vitta ; on elytra : longitudinal lines connected with one another, forming
a network of longitudinal meshes, which is interrupted behind the middle by a broad
transverse brown space, which is concave and sharply defined in front, irregular
behind, and reaches across both elytra, but does not reach the lateral margins ;
the basal portion of the net-like pattern is formed by a sutural line and four others,
including between themselves two elongate basal spaces, followed by two smaller
ones, an anteriorly forked humeral space, and a small infra-humeral space ; a sub-
lateral line extends from the posterior connecting bar of the basal network almost
parallel to outer margin—which is also luteous grey—to suture before apex, being
widened behind, and forming there the posterior border of the subapical network.
Pronotum and elytra flattened, coarsely punctured ; pronotal spine small ;
scutellum sinuate ; elytra obliquely truncate, sutural angle more obtuse than outer
one. Anal segment of d narrow, conical, almost twice the length of the fourth ;
of 2 prolonged, nearly as long as segments 1 to 4 are long laterally.
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Hohe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One d, two ? ¢.
111. Leiopus fenestrella spec. nov.
3 ¢. Similar to catops, smaller; frons brown, except a luteous spot between
antennal tubercles; pronotal spine very much larger, lnteous grey; this grey
pubescence contiguous with a discal, lateral, anteriorly abbreviated, irregular vitta ;
a short apical vitta, also not straight, lower down than the spine ; the netlike
pattern of the elytra continuous from base to apex, being only laterally interrupted
by a brown mesial patch ; apex of elytra sinuate-trancate, both angles being slightly
produced, the outer one more than the sutural one. Anal segment shorter than in
catops ; that of a little shorter than the three preceding segments together.
Length, 7 mm.
Hab, Johann Albrechts Héhe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One pair.
112. Leiopus paraphelis spec. nov.
?. Brownish black ; pubescent grey. Head uniformly grey, without punctures,
except a few on cheek. Antenna brown, bases of segments 3 to 7 luteous, the
luteous part very restricted on seventh and just indicated on eighth segment.
Pronotum convex, grey, a broad brown space at each side on disc, including two
more or less isolated grey spots ; large punctures at base, none or very few on disc ;
lateral spine long, acute. Scutellum grey. Hlytra convex, coarsely punctured, with
feeble indications of two raised lines in middle of disc, grey, base and a broad
transverse postmedian band, narrowed on each elytrum at the lateral margin, brown;
the grey parts dotted with brown, the dots situated before apex more or less
(189 )
confluent ; short stiff bristles situated in large punctures dispersed all over the
elytra; the flattened lateral apical portion of the elytrum separated from the convex
part by an oblique groove; apex truncate. Underside and legs grey ; apex of
tibiae brown. Anal segment conical, shorter than segments 2 to 4 together, tergite
pointed.
Length, 74 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo (type), and Johann Albrechts Hohe, North
Cameroons (L. Conradt).
Two ??.
Resembles the European Leopus nebulosus.
113. Exocentrus nitens spec. noy.
%. Shining black ; head, antenna and legs rufous brown; bases of third and
fourth antennal segments, apices of abdominal segments, and scutellum, white ;
elytra with two irregular transverse white bands consisting of scale-like hairs, one
close to base, the other at basal third, curving backwards near suture, the hairs
composing them not close together anywhere.
Pronotum densely punctured, suddenly constricted at apex, the sides being
dilated ; this dilated part bears posteriorly the side-spine, which is long, pointed,
and directed obliquely backwards ; in front of the spine there are four stout,
spine-like hairs, one behind the other. Elytra with similar stout hairs all over ;
seriate-punctate, the puncturation disappearing before apex, seven rows between
scutellum and shoulder.
Length, 3 mm.
Hab. Lolodorf, S.E. Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One $.
114. Exocentrus seriatus spec. nov.
?. Dark brown; antenna, tibiae, tarsi and trochanters rufescent. Bases of
antennal segments, a thin mesial line on pronotum as well as a large triangular
discal spot and a smaller one above lateral spine, suture of elytra and numerous
short lines, grey; head, underside and Jegs also pubescent grey; some of the linear
spots of the elytra confluent before the apex near the suture ; sides of elytra with
smaller spots than disc. HElytra regularly punctate-striate from base to beyond
middle, the puncturation becoming sparser farther back and disappearing altogether
before end ; there are only four stripes of punctures between suture and shoulder,
and these stripes remain quite regular to the very base.
Length, 43 mm.
Hab. Johann Albrechts Héhe, North Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One ¢.
115, Exocentrus strigosus spec. nov.
3. Dark brown, tibiae and tarsi rather paler. Stiff hairs longer and thinner
than in the other African species known to me. Antennal segments grey at base.
Elytra regularly punctate-striate from base to apex, the stripes close together, seven
between scutellum and shoulder; four grey transverse bands, all ill-defined, the first
behind shoulder, the second a little farther back, reduced to a spot which stands
close to the suture, the third before middle, widened at sides and at suture, including
some black spots, the fourth at apical third.
( 190 )
Length, 4 mm.
Hab. Lolodorf, 8.E. Cameroons (L. Conradt).
One ¢.
The sides of the prothorax are in this and the last species not: straight from the
tip of the spine to the apical constriction, but appear, in a dorsal view, suddenly
narrowed before middle, the basal portion of the spine forming a kind of lateral
carina to the prothorax.
116. Glenea baia spec. nov.
¢. Black; basal two-thirds of elytra, palpi, and anterior and median femora
and tibiae cinnamon-rufous. A vitta at each side of frons, continued over the
occiput, where it is more mesial, a spot behind eye and a large patch on the cheek
clayish. Prothorax above with three clay-coloured vittae, the lateral ones appearing as
prolongations of the postocular spots of the head. Punctures of head and prothorax
large. Elytra regularly punctate-striate ; external apical spine long.
Underside with a clayish grey lateral vitta on pro- and mesosternum, widened
and less distinctly defined on metasternum, where it includes a large, long, black,
halfmoon-shaped patch. Apices of abdominal segments grey, these bands more or
less interrupted in middle, sinuated laterally, reduced on fifth segment to two spots.
Length, 13 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
One ?.
116. Glenea leucopsila spec. nov.
3?. Similar to gabonica and quinquelineata ; markings of head, prothorax,
and underside, and the :subapical transverse spot of the elytra white, not clayish ;
antemedian black patch of elytra not reaching laterally beyond the carina ;
pancturation similar to that of guinquelineata.
Hab. Sierra Leone=(type); Ashanti.
A series.
117. Glenea mira spec. nov.
3 ¢. Black ; palpi, femora and tibiae rufous; tarsi brown. Two vittae on head,
the occipital portions thinner and closer together, a subdorsal spot behind eye, a patch
on cheek, a thin mesial and a broader dorso-lateral vitta on prothorax, scutellum
(except base), and the following markings on the elytra, buff: an oblique, straight
vitta from base to basal fourth, approaching suture behind, a short streak behind
shoulder along the carina, an indistinct posthumeral streak below the carina,
a transverse, somewhat curved median spot between suture and carina, and a
smaller transverse subapical spot. Suture greyish. Underside with a broad white
vitta, this pubescence occupying nearly the whole metasternum and abdomen, except
middle ; abdomen with black lateral spots, which are separate or form a continuous
streak.
Length, 14—18 mm.
Hab. Benito, French Congo.
A series. Closest to arcuata.
118. Glenea leptis spec. nov.
%. Blackish brown, legs, antenna and elytra chocolate. Head densely
pubescent buff, a frontal, double, mesial vitta brown, diverging, reaching to end of
eS)
antennal tubercles, a spot behind eye and three vittae on occiput black. Prothorax
also buff, with six black vittae, two on each side and two above, these much wider than
the lateral ones. Scutellum sinuate. Elytra proportionately longer than in other
African species ; two very distinct lateral carinae ; disc obviously impressed along
suture and carina; punctures rather fine in apical half, larger nearer base, no regular
series on disc besides the row along the carina and another situated in basal fourth
between carina and suture, but nearer the former; a sutural vitta and four others
(two above and two laterally between the upper carina and the lateral margin) grey,
the discal one thinnest, obsolete from basal third to apex, bat dilated in middle of
elytrum to an elongate-ovate spot, which extends to the sutural vitta; apex more
or less grey ; outer spine prominent, sutural one short. Underside clayish grey,
the pubescence rather denser laterally.
Length, 13 mm.; elytra, 11 mm.; breadth, 4 mm.
Hab, Kikuyu Escarpment, British Hast Africa (W. Doherty).
Two ??.
119. Nitocris morio spec. nov.
?. Black, shining ; head, apex of pronotum, prosternum except lateral posterior
part, anterior and median femora, ochraceous ; a sutural spot before apex of elytra,
a lateral spot at apex of second abdominal segment, and a larger one on fourth
segment golden-pubescent ; antennal segments 4 to 11 and scutellum grey; first
abdominal segment and hindcoxa silky white laterally ; last abdominal segment
brownish. Large punctures of frons dispersed. Scape of antenna with cicatrix,
which is limited by an incomplete carina. Mesial, antebasal nodosity of pronotum
prominent. Scutellum elongate-triangular. Elytra long and very narrow; a carina
from near shoulder to dilated apical part very prominent and quite smooth, glossy ;
apex excised, both angles strongly dentate.
Length, 28 mm.*; elytra, 20 mm. ; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Sierra Leone, October 27th, 1895.
One ?.
120. Nitocris peplus spec. nov.
?. Pale orange ; head as far down as lower margin of eyes, antenna, elytra,
a transverse, halfmoon-shaped, basal patch on third abdominal segment, and
tip of mandible, black; base of elytra for 1 to 2 mm. of the colour of the
pronotum, this reddish area sharply defined, produced backwards at snture and
here covered with a golden pubescence ; disc of elytra with a greyish brown tint.
Frons with numerous large punctures ; depression between antennal tubercles
deep; occiput almost impunctate, except near eyes. Prothorax very strongly
constricted behind apex, trinodose above, glossy, with a few punctures laterally on
disc. Scutellum sinuate, pubescent. Elytra similar in shape to those of pascoei,
but longer and rather more dilated behind, rounded together at apex, not sinuate,
not dentate.
Length, 20 mm. ; elytra, 15 mm.; breadth, 5 mm.
Hab. Nyassaland.
One ?.
* From front of head to tip of abdomen,
(192 )
SOME NEW CERAMBYCIDAE COLLECTED BY ALBERT
MOCQUERYS ON THE ISLAND OF ST. THOME, GULF
OF GUINEA, WEST AFRICA.
By Dr. KARL JORDAN.
Supramity CERAMBYCINAR.
Diaspila gen. nov.
3%. Differs from the allied African genera Hypomares and Paroeme in the
fourth segment of the antenna being only one-fourth the length of the third, from
the American Jéidion especially in the tibiae not being distinctly carinate.
End-segments of palpi rather broad. Eyes coarsely granulose, distant above.
Antenna of ¢ one-third or half longer, of 2 little longer, than the body, with long
dispersed hairs underneath and at the apices of the segments, the hairs rather
denser on the proximal segments ; scape roughly punctured, little longer than the
distance between the upper lobes of the eyes ; third segment one-third or one-half
longer than the scape ; fourth very short ; fifth and sixth little shorter than third.
Pronotum longer than broad, sides rounded in middle. Elytra parallel, rather
flat above, truncate at base, shoulders somewhat rounded. Fore- and midcoxae
separate. Femora clubbed, especially in d, hind ones reaching to end of elytra
in d, a little shorter.in $. Cavity of anterior coxa open behind.
Type: Diaspila bipunctatus.
This species stands as Cyrtomerus bipunctatus in the Munich Catalogue ix.
p- 2886. We have both sexes from Sierra Leone.
1. Diaspila periscelis spec. nov.
Differs from dépunctatus in the following points: antennal segments 2 to 6
black at extreme base ; pronotum much less roughly punctured, more deeply
impressed in middle, the conyexities on disc therefore more prominent, mesial line
somewhat raised behind ; elytra more densely granulate-punctate at base, black spot
larger, apex truncate-sinuate, with the outer angle acuminate. Knees black.
Length, 13 mm.
One ?.
2. Xystrocera interrupta spec. nov.
3. Allied to senegalensis, but differing in structure and in the pattern of the
elytra. Prothorax broader than long, widest before basal constriction, sides almost
straight in middle, here not anneal but rather concave in dorsal aspect ; discal
vere very narrow, horseshoe- Senne the space encircled by it wider than in
senegalensis and marginalis. Hlytra slightly dilated beyond middle, and then
slightly sinuate ; with three glabrous carinae, the first fading away behind, the
second nearly reaching tip of wing, the third beginning below shoulder, shorter
than the second, but longer than a third ; each “elygeatn, besides the blue edge,
with a longitudinal vite | between first and second carina, beginning at basal fifth
(193 )
and ending at apical fourth, curving anteriorly towards the second carina and
joining here a short, but rather broad, oblique streak which extends from the
shoulder backwards ; this streak is the anterior remnant of a second vitta, of which
an elongate postmedian spot is the posterior remnant; this latter is either
contiguous with the first vitta or separate from it.
Length, 22 mm.
Two dc.
3. Callichroma rhodoscelis spec. nov.
3. A small species. Bluish green, purplish on occiput, at the base of the
pronotum, and the lateral edge and apex of the elytra; pubescence golden; basal half
of all femora, and the greater part of the fore- and midtibiae rufous. Head coarsely
punctured, frons rather long and somewhat rugate, not regularly plicate. Scape of
antenna rather dispersedly punctured. Prothorax as long as the elytra are broad
at base, transversely plicate from apex to beyond middle, farther back the plicatioa
becoming feeble and disappearing at the sides; the ridges are concentrical on disc
before middle in two places, as in C. afrum; lateral spine prominent, conical.
Scutellum and suture of elytra more densely pubescent. Elytra rugosely punctured ;
shoulders prominent, smooth, with single small punctures. :
Underside of head irregularly plicate, transversely and densely punctured.
Pubescence of breast and abdomen dense. Prosternum minutely and very densely
shagreened, not distinctly plicate. Punctures of fore- and midfemora dispersed, very
few large punctures on upperside ; carina of fore- and midtibiae prominent.
Length, 16 mm.
One 6.
4. Xylotrechus aedon spec. nov.
3. Rufous brown, legs paler ; pubescence pale golden, silky. Frons tricarinate.
Prothorax rather wider than the elytra, granulose, longer than broad, widest before
the basal constriction, on disc a mesial line and a broader lateral irregular vitta
pubescent, indistinct. Elytra obviously narrowing behind, extreme base (incl. of
sentellam) and suture yellow pubescent, the sutural vitta dilated in middle and at
apex, indistinct ; apex obliquely truncate, external angle strongly, sutural angle
slightly, dentate.
Underside thinly pubescent, sides of meso- and metasternum rather more
densely. Hindfemur reaching barely 1 mm. beyond the end of the elytra.
Length, 11 mm.
One ¢.
Supramity LAMIINAE.
5: Monochamus thomensis spec. noy.
3%. Similar to M. fulvisparsus (1888) Gahan, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6). ii. p. 894
(Congo), but occiput and pronotum more densely punctured, the puncturation of
the oceiput being very conspicuous. Mesosternal process not raised into a tubercle.
Anterior tibia of ¢ with tooth, which is represented by a carina in small dd ;
segments 1 and 2 of anterior tarsus of d asymmetrical.
(194 )
The clayish pubescence varies in density in the individuals ; it is densest on
the scutellum and the sides of the sterna, and on the upperside denser in the ? ?
than in the dd.
Length, 17—31 mm.
Six dd, four ? ?.
6. Pachystola trituberculata thomensis spec. nov.
9. Differs from the Hast African form in the following points: pubescence of
occiput contiguous with eye, not forming a separate oblique line on each side ;
scutellum entirely ochraceous except a blackish brown line along the side-edges ;
basal carina of elytrum less elevate ; the four postmedian and median spots of the
elytra of the same fulvous colour as the proximal ones, the last of these four spots
of the same size as the first, the two lateral ones smaller.
One ?.
7. Frea puncticollis spec. nov.
3%. Black ; tomentum of upperside thin, grey, forming small dots on the
elytra; tomentum of frons, cheek, dise of pronotum above lateral spines, and
of underside, clay-colour and dense’; frons dispersedly but coarsely punctured
Vertical diameter of eye little shorter than cheek. Antenna of 3 a little longer, of
? a little shorter than the body, third seement longer than, fourth as long as the
scape, fourth with a distinct subapical groove ; tomentum sparse, not forming white
rings. Pronotum coarsely punctured; side-spine prominent, curving backwards.
Seutellum clay-colour. Elytra very densely and coarsely punctured, almost rugate
at the base and shoulders; the latter elevate, obliquely truncate, tuberculiform
posteriorly.
Prosternal process arched behind, vertical in front, transversely carinate.
Legs uniformly clothed with a sparse grey pubescence.
Length, 15 mm.; breadth (at shoulders), 7 mm.
One 6, two ¢ ?.
8. Plectonarthron microps spec. nov.
?. Black ; tomentum greyish brown, markings of body ochraceous tawny.
Occiput with two large black patches. Eye smaller than in the same sex of
diabolicum and subfasciatum. Third segment of antenna longer than fourth, densely
hairy beneath, like apical half of fourth. Pronotum broader than long, shorter
than in subfasciatum ; three ill-defined, almost straight, ochraceous tawny vittae ;
puncturation as in subfasciatum. Scutellum trapeziform. LElytra more convex
before declivous end than in the other species, coarsely punctured; sparse
ockraceous tawny ill-defined spots—one basal, longitudinal, dorsally of the
shoulder, an irregular transverse median band, and on each elytram a large
apical ring; at the sides and on disc there are traces of some more spots. Sides
of sterna ochraceous tawny, with brown spots.
Length, 10 mm.
One ?.
(195 )
9. Acmocera lutosa spec. nov.
3. Similar in shape and stracture to A. anthriboides, occiput and elytra
more densely punctured. Tomentum clay-colour, forming a broad mesial vitta on
the pronotum, and several markings on the elytra: namely, a narrow band from
seutellum obliquely behind shoulder towards outer margin, a pentagonal sutural
patch just before middle, an M-shaped auteapical band common to both elytra,
and an angle-shaped marginal spot at the tip of each elytram. Smaller than
A. anthriboides, aud the elytra rather more flat. End-sezment of antenna tawny-
brown,
Five ? 2, one d.
Type: %.
10. Acridoschema thomensis spec. nov.
3%. In structure nearest to A. aberrans (1894) Jord., Nov. Zoo. i. p. 230.
Head and thorax finely shagreened, frons dispersedly punctured ; a few punctures
on occiput near eyes. Pronotum short, almost twice as broad as long (side-spine
excl.), smooth, except a very few punctures at the base of the spine ; transverse
subapical groove deep and sharply impressed. Elytra conical ; shoulders prominent,
subcarinate ; puncturation dense and coarse, except at apex, which is almost
smooth, ‘Tibiae not distinctly carinate. Antenna: in ¢ more than twice the
length of, in ? one-third longer than, the body ; scape long, slender, end-segment
as long as third in d, gradually tapering, but not pointed, clothed with single long
hairs, which are denser at apex ; in ? half the length of the third or less, not
awl-shaped.
Tomentum luteous grey, somewhat maculate, condensed beneath the eye and at
the base of the pronotal spine. Pronotum with a clayish, irregular line on each side
of disc, the lines merged together behind. Elytra marked with two transverse
blackish bands, one subbasal, situated at the highest point of the elytra, bordered
in front by condensed Iuteous tomentum, the other postmedian, irregular, zigzag,
followed by a clayish apical area, which includes a brown N on each elytrov.
Length, 9—13 mm.
One 6, two $ ?.
14
(196 )
NOTES ON PAPUAN BIRDS.
By tae Hox. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D., anv ERNST HARTERT.
(Continued from Page 116.)
[For the localities mentioned in this article see ‘ Introduction,” Noy. Zoox. 1901.
pp. 55—61, and the maps, Pls. II. and III., in the same volume of this Journal. The
former portions of this series of articles on Papuan Birds are: Vol. VIII. pp. 55—88
(“ Introduction,” Pittidae, Psittaci), and pp. 102—162 (Colwmbae, Megapodiidae, Rallidae,
Limicolae, Alcedinidae) ; antedi, pp. 65—116 (Paradiseidae, Corvidae, Laniidae, Dicruridue,
Oriolidae, Artamidae, Sturnidae’. We hope to continue the subject shortly. ]
XIV. MEROPIDAE.
1, Merops ornatus Lath.
3, Mansinam, 1879. Bruijn coll.
?, Mansinam, 7. vi. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen g of Salvadori’s list).
2 3d, Sorong, 19. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens c’ and /’ of Salvadori’s
list). ;
1
1
1 dg, 4 $$, Dorey, 1874, 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens d, e, f, ld, % of
Salvadori’s list).
1 $, Ansus, Jobi, 10. iv. 1875. Beceari coll. (Specimen m? of Salvadori’s
list).
ve
33,1 %, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
?, Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
36, 2 3%, 1 sex?, Ron, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, 1 $, “ Cote septentrion., 136° 80'—137° long.” 1879. Bruijn coll.
3, 1 ¢, Simbang, German New Guinea, 28. vii., 14. ix. 1899. E. Nyman
te WD
coll.
1 3, Blanche Bay, New Britain, 9. vii. 1879. IE. Richards coll.
5 $6, Woodlark Island, 2. 16. 26. iv. 1897, 27. iii. 1897. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 170, 174, 182, 222, 223.
4 $66, 1 2, Sudest Island, Louisiades, 30. iii, 19. 14. 14. 20. iv. 1898.
A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 1630, 1717, 1726, 1727, 1769.
2 66,1 ¢, St. Aignan, Louisiades, 30. 30. viii., 10. ix. 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 980, 931, 1019.
1 ?, Milne Bay, 19. iv. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., No. 2481.
3, Nicura, British New Guinea. Lix coll.
1 g, 1 %, Trangan, Aru Islands, 17. ix. 1900. “Iris bright blood-red, feet
plumbeous, bill black.” HH. Kiithn coll., Nos. 2579, 2585.
We have in addition sixty-two specimens from Australia, Alor, Sumba,
Sumbawa, Timor, Savu, Lombok, Lomblen, Celebes, Batjau, Ternate, Obi.
XV. CORACIIDAE.
1. Eurystomus orientalis australis Swaius.
1d, 1 %, Salwatty, 16.28. vy. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens g’ and 7’ of
Salvadori’s list).
et
(197 )
?, Batanta, July 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen x’ of Salvadori’s list).
3, 1 , Ansus, Jobi, 1879. Bruijn coll.
3, Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, Marai, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
?, Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
?, Sorong, 20. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen z of Salvadori’s list).
3, Kafu, May 1884. Bruijn coll.
2, Dorey, 4. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen / of Salvadori’s list).
?, Andai, 1879. Bruijn coll.
6, Andai. From Bruijn’s hunters.
, N.W. New Guinea. From Bruijn’s hunters, ex coll. Guillemard.
?. Konstantinhafen, May 1887. Kubary coll.
3,1 2, Simbang, 14. ix. 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
, Wanambai, Aru Islands, June 1896. C. Webster coll.
, Dobbo, Aru Islands, May, June 1896. C. Webster coll.
1 do, Fergusson Island, October 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
1 ¢ juv., Fergusson Island, 14. v. 1897. A.S. Meek coll., No. 251. “ Iris dark
brown, bill black with a red streak on under mandible.”
We have further 54 skins from Tenimber, Banda, Batjan, Halmahera, Ternate,
Sumba, the Key Islands, Teoor, Goram and Tidore, Dammer, Kangean, Sumbawa,
Lombok, Flores, Satonda Island, Alor, Australia, and New Zealand.
There can be no doubt that /. australis is only a subspecies of L. orientalis, to
which it is indeed very closely allied, and /. laetior and FH. calonyx must also be
treated as subspecies of orientalis. It is quite certain, however, that, although they
are very similar to orientalis, these forms should not “ be relegated to the limbo of
synonyms,” as Mr. Dresser wishes to persnade us. We have adopted Swainson’s
name because we cannot accept a name which is diagnosed as belonging to a bird
with a chestnut head and neck, and a black throat with white borders, for a species
without any chestnut at all and with a blue throat without white borders. Mr.
Dresser maintains that it would be pedantry to reject the name pacificus because
the description was bad, the locality being one where the only Roller found is
our present species. This is a very unsound argument, for in Latham’s time the
localities of zoological specimens were not considered of such importance as in our
days, and even now it frequently happens that labels are lost or reversed, and this
probably happened much more frequently a century ago. We therefore consider it
always essential to reject names if the locality alone is supposed to indicate the
identification, while the diagnosis is utterly inapplicable.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
2
2. Eurystomus crassirostris crassirostris Scl.
Eurystomus crassirostris Sclater, P. Z. S. 1869. p. 121 (“Solomon Islands”—errore! We accept
New Britain as the typical habitat! There are several species described and mentioned by
Sclater as coming from the Solomons, which apparently never came from there, such as
Nasiterna pusio, Dicranostreptus megarhynchus, Lorius hypoenochrous. Unfortunately we have
not been able to see the type, but it appears to have had a black tip to the bill, although we
have searched in vain for Count Salvadori’s remark to that effect, quoted by Dr. Sharpe
P. Z. 8. 1890, p. 552).
1 3, Mysol, 11. ii. 1900. H. Kiithn coll. “Iris warm brown, feet bright
vermilion mixed with black, bill bright vermilion tipped black.” No. 2050.
1 ?, Mysol, 6. xii. 1883. Powell coll.
( 198 )
2, Bruijn coll. Marked “bought from a hunter who had collected in Waigiu
and Salwatty.”
1 2, Aimasi, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3, Arfak, 6. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (No. of Salvadori’s list).
1 2, Stephansort, December 1899, HE. Nyman coll.
3 30, Nicura, August 1893. Lix coll.
1 3g, 1 2, Mt. Cameron, 19. 20. ix. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 3d, Goodenough Island, 14. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll.
2, Fergusson Island, 28. x. 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
3 $3, 2 36, St. Aignan, Louisiades, 13. 18. 27. 27. 29. viii. 1897. A. S.
Meek coll., Nos. 787, 801, 901, 902, 924.
1 3, Sudest Island, Lonisiades, 7. iv. 1898. A.S. Meek coll., No. 1685.
3 bd, 1 2, Rossel Island, Lonisiades, 26. 27.1, 3.4. iii, 1898. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 1292, 1304, 1527, 1534.
3. Eurystomus crassirostris solomonensis Sharpe.
Eurystomus solomonensis Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1890. p. 552 (Solomon Islands: Type Ugi, Brenchley
coll.),
This form is very closely allied to /. c. crassirostris, but the bill, which in the
latter has nearly always a very distinct black tip, is quite red, and the blackish
brown colour of the crown extends further on to the interscapulium.
1 3,3 29, Isabel Island. A. S. Meek coll.
1, Alu. Woodford coll.
1, Fanro. Wahnes and Ribbe coll.
2, Guadaleanar. Woodford coll.
1 6,1 2, Guadaleanar. A. S. Meek coll.
2 $8, 1 2, Floridalsland. A. 8. Meek coll.
4. Eurystomus crassirostris neohanoveranus Hart.
Eurystomus neohanoveranus Hartert, Noy. Zoou, 1901. p. 185, footnote (Expedition Bay, New
Hanover, 22. iii. 1897).
1 (type), Expedition Bay, 22. iii. 1897. Capt. Webster coll., No. 511.
1, Expedition Bay, 26. ii. 1897. Capt. Webster coll., No. 446.
XVI. PODARGIDAE.
Podargus papuensis Quoy & Gaim.
1 3,2 92%, Mysol, 16.i, 4.4. ii, 1900. H. Kiihn coll. “Iris dark blood-red,
feet and bill pale greyish brown.” Nos. 1896, 2045, 2046.
1 2 ad., Momos, Waigiu, 23. x. 1883. Powell coll.
1 2 pull., Waigiu. From Bruijn’s hunters.
1 36,1 2, Marai, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll. (The ? very dark, but
with some rufous on if).
1 3,1 $, Jobi. Bruijn coll.
1 3, same preparation and exactly like the former, probably from Jobi.
The specimens from Jobi, as well as those from Aru, are rather small, but we do
not consider our series sufficient to justify their separation.
1 6, 1 %, Ron Island, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
(199 )
1 3, Andai, August 1872. D’Albertis coll. (Extremely dark and mixed with
rufous ; ? wrongly sexed.) (Specimen ¢ of Salvadori’s list, in Orn. Pap. i. p. 515).
1 ad., 1 pull., Datch New Guinea preparation.
1 ad. (probably 2), (said to be from Goldie’s collection, but probably from
Arfak).
2 ¢ ad., Konstantinhafen. Knubary coll.
1 pullus, inland from Holnicote Bay. Rohu coll.
1 3, 2 22, Collingwood Bay, 26. vi. 1897, 31. v., 14. vi. 1899. A.S. Meek
coll., Nos. 648, 2539, 2601.
2 $3, Milne Bay, 15. xi. 1898, 19. i. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 2150,
2189.
1 ?, Hall Bay, S. New Guinea, 12. vii. 1875. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen /
of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. i. p. 516).
1 3 pull., Hall Bay, 1. v. 1875. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen g of the list).
1, South-East New Guinea. Goldie coll.
1 melanistic variety, almost quite black, cage-bird, said to have been caught in
New Guinea.
2, Cape York.
2, Cooktown.
2. Podargus intermedius Hart.
Podargus intermedius Hartert, Bull. B.O.C (December 1895: Kiriwina, Trobriand, type, and
Fergusson I.).
1 ¢ ad., Kiriwina, Trobriand, May 18, 1895. “Iris hazel.” A. S. Meek coll.
(Type !)
2 2%, Kiriwina, Trobriand, 5. iv., 18. v. 1895.
4 3d, 3 2%, Fergusson Island, 18. ix., 25. xi. 1894, 10. ix. 1895, 1. 1.2. 5. vi.
1897. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 482, 493, 498, 544, and three without numbers.
2 29, Goodenough Island, 2. 9. xii. 1896. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 1, 23.
All the females are strongly rufous, the males greyish. There is, of course, a
good deal of variation in the females, but the males are much more uniform.
5. Podargus meeki Hart.
Podargus meeki Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. (October 1898: Sudest Island).
1 ¢ ad., Sudest Island, Louisiades, 9. iv. 1898. A.S. Meek coll. “ Iris light
hazel, feet yellowish horn, bill dark brown.” No. 1701. (Type/).
2 3d, 2 3%, Sudest Island, 5. 5. 9. 9. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 1666,
1667, 1700, 1702.
In this curious species the sexes are less different than in the others. The
JSemale is lacking most of the rufous colour, but they are very much darker, more
blotched with blackish brown.
4. Podargus ocellatus ocellatus Q. & G.
236,27 ad.,2 S pull., Mysol, 19. 20. 20. 24. 24. 26. i. 1900. H. Kuhn
coll. “ Iris chocolate-red, feet and bill pale, yellowish brown.” Nos. 1918, 1919,
1920, 1921, 1922, 1923.
3 without locality, but evidently Dutch New Guinea.
1 3g, Arfak. Bruijn coll.
( 200 )
6, Arfak. Guillemard coll.
pullus, Andai, 7. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll.
?, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 ad., Jobi Island, Bruijn coll.
?, Ansus, Jobi Island, 12. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll.
3, Ansus, Jobi Island, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
?, Konstantinhafen. Kubary coll.
6, Finschhafen. Capts. Cotton & Webster coll.
3, Simbang, 25. vii. 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
3,1 2, Collingwood Bay, 9. 25. vi. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 2587,
ee ee
2646.
?, Milne Bay, 27. x. 1898. A.S. Meek coll., No. 2117.
3, Chads Bay, 17. ix. 1901. A. S. Meek coll., No. 3607.
?, “ Between Rivers Laroki and Vanapa, 1897.” Emil Weiske coll. (Pur-
chased in London).
1 g, 8. New Guinea. Goldie coll.
1 3g, Wanambai, Aru Islands, 26. vi. 1896. C. Webster coll.
1 2, Wanambai, Aru Islands, 4. viii. 1900. H. Kithn coll., No. 2492.
1 3,8. Bark, Kobroor, Aru Islands, 24. v. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2266.
bt ft ed
5. Aegotheles salvadorii Hart.
Aegotheles salvadorii Hartert, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvi. p. 649 (1892: Moroka district, Brit, New
Guinea).
Aegotheles rufescens Salvadori, Annu. Mus. Gen. xxxvi. p. 71 (1896: Moroka district, Brit. New
Guinea).
1 3, 2 $2, Mt. Cameron, 6000—7000 ft., August 1896. A. S. Anthony coll.
(The 3 and one of the supposed females in the brown, 1 2 in the rufous plumage).
1, Mt. Victoria 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896. (Rufous plumage, sex ?)
3, Mts. of British New Guinea, (1 dark brown, 1 rufous, 1 intermediate.)
1, said to have been shot between the rivers Laroki and Vanapa. (Brown
plumage).
1, Mt. Gaivara 2000—9000 ft., 1898. (Very rufous plumage).
1, Moroka district, 3000—6000 ft. (Dark brown plumage).
1 3,1 sex ?, Aroa River, 4000 ft., August 1899. E. Weiske coll. (Both dark
brown).
We are perfectly sure that the rufescent specimens (Ae. rufescens Salvadori)
belong to the same species—7.c. Ae. salvadorii Hart. One of our specimens is actually
intermediate between the salvadorii and rufescens plumages ; they occur together, and
have exactly the same dimensions ; the light patches on the forehead vary in extent
and shade of colonr in the rufous as well as in the grey specimens. Probably the
reddish examples are females and immature birds.
6. Aegotheles bennetti Salvad. et d’Alb.
Aegotheles bennetti Salvadori et d’Albertis, Ayn. Mus. Gen. vii. p. 917 (1875: S.E. New Guinea).
1, inland from Holnicote Bay. Rohu coll.
1 ?, Collingwood Bay, 20. vi. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2635.
2 dd, 2 22, Milne Bay, 12. 24. xi. 1898, 2. 21. ii. 1899. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2142, 2157, 2240, 2856. r
( 201 )
1, “Sogeri district,” 2000—3500 ft., 1896. E. Weiske coll.
1, Brown River, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
1 3, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft., 1898. EH. Weiske ecsll,
3, British New Guinea. E. Weiske coll.
7. Aegotheles bennetti subsp. nov. ?
3, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 800 m., 4. vi. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
?, Simbang, German New Guinea, 4. ix. 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
These two specimens are either Ae. bennctti or a closely allied subspecies. The
male does not differ materially from larger specimens of Ae. bennetti. The forehead
and broad streaks above the eyes are somewhat rufescent brown, but in a few
4ennetti they are not much less so. The throat and chest is strongly washed with
rufescent-brownish, but it looks as if this was partially soiled. The crescent on the
hindneck is white. The female is larger than any of our Jennett?, wing 138 mm.
The streaks from the furehead over the eyes are rufous brown, the collar on the
hindneck washed with pale rofous, throat and chest also with a ruafescent brown
wash. It seems thus, that the form from Kaiser-Wilhelm-land is larger (the
Jemale being larger than the made!) and more inclined to rufous on the head and
throat and chest, but we would like to examine move specimens before separating it
from dennett?. This doubtful form is evidently closely allied to Ae. affinis, but
more undulated and vermiculated, not barred, above.
8. Aegotheles plumifera Rams.
Aegotheles plumifera Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales v. viii. p. 21 (1883 : S.E. New Guinea,
exact place not given in particular).
1 3, Goodenough Island, 17. xii. 1896. “Iris light chocolate-brown, feet
flesh-colour, washed with yellow, bill dark brown.” A.S. Meek coll., No. 78.
1 pullus, Goodenough Island, 4. xii. 1898. A. S. Meek coll., No. 15.
22%, Fergusson Island, 19. v. 1897. “Iris light chocolate-brown, feet light
brownish flesh (light yellowish, tinged with pink), bill light fleshy brown, or
brownish flesh-colour.” A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 307, 308.
These birds are evidently Ramsay’s A. plumifera, which has hitherto remained
anknown in Europe. They have the upperside like dennetti, without the large
light spots on wing-coverts and scapulars, but the light portions of the forehead
are rufous, the middle of the throat is uniform pale rufescent, the underside tinged
with rufous, the chest not so finely vermiculated with black. The pullus is above
and below blackish brown, vermiculated with buffy white. It is quite possible that
the type of Ae. plumifera came from Fergusson Island, where Hunstein and Goldie
have collected. Their specimens were generally badly labelled, and the localities
vaguely stated.
9. Aegotheles wallacei Gray.
Aegotheles wallace’ G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1859, p, 154 (Dorey, Arfak).
1 3, Wanambai, Kabroor, Arn Islands, 2. ix. 1900. ‘ Iris coffee-brown, feet
pale brownish flesh-colour, bill blackish, gape brownish.” H. Kiihn coll.,
No. 2432.
( 202 )
10. Aegotheles albertisii Scl.
Aegotheles albertisii Sclater, P. Z. S. 1873. p. 696 (Hatam, Arfak).
1 $, Arfak. Bruijn coll., No. 7. (Specimen described in Cat. B. xvi. p. 648.)
11. Aegotheles pulcher Hart.
Aegotheles pulcher Hartert, Bull. B. O. C. for Oct. 1898.
1 (without sex), the type, Mts. of British New Guinea. E. Weiske coll.
12, Aroa River, 4000 ft., January 1900. KE. Weiske coll. “Iris braun.
Fiisse weiss. Schnabel braun.”
Like the type, but with fewer whitish spots on the larger wing-coverts and
scapulars.
XVII. CAPRIMULGIDAE.
1. Caprimulgus macrurus macrurus Horsf.
1 3 (moulting), Andai, Dutch New Guinea, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 2, Korrido, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 (immat.), Mt. Moari, near Humboldt Bay, 3000 ft. J. M. Dumas coll.
3 $d, 1 ?, Milne Bay, October 1898—January 1899. A. 8. Meek coll.
Nos. 2098, 2164, 2219, 2222.
1 3, Samarai, 12. vii. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., No. 712.
1¢ ad., British New Guinea. Goldie coll., No. 124.
12 ad. “Mt. Gayata, 2000—4000 ft.” Purchased from Mellwraith &
McKacharn in London. (Doubtless coll. by Weiske, ace. to preparation.)
26d, 2 22, Sudest Island, Lonisiades, April 1898. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 1650, 1786, 1787, 1793.
Of the typical macrurus we have further: 12 from the Moluccas, Key,
Tenimber and Ceram-laut Islands ; 2 from Cape York, Queensland ; and 21 from
Palawan and the Sunda Islands.
2. Kurostopodus argus Hart.
1 2 ad., Babi Island, Aru Islands, 23. ix. 1900. “Tris dark coftee-brown,
feet pale brownish, bill blackish.” H. Kiihn coll., No. 2493. (7 specimens from
Australia).
XVIII. CYPSELIDAE.
1. Collocalia fuciphaga fuciphaga (Thunb.).
22%, Woodlark Island, 23. iii., 3. iv. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 157, 185.
1 3,1 2, Goodenough Island, 12. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 47, 48.
2, Trobriand Islands, 10. 26. iv. 1895. A. S. Meek coll.
1, Fergusson Island, 18, x. 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
434,229, St. Aignan, Louisiades, 1. ix., 2. 4. xii. 1897. A. S. Meek coll.
Nos. 938, 1080, 1097, 1103, 1109, 1111.
266, 22%, Sudest Island, 28. iii, 5. 22. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 1618, 1619, 1663, 1780.
39 from Java, Kangean, Borneo, Sumatra, Luzon, Palawan, Cebu, Savu, Banda,
Solomon Islands, Kilsoein, Key Islands, Guam and New Hebrides.
( 203 )
2. Collocalia esculenta (L.).
338,222, Woodlark Island, August 11. 1895, Apr. 4. 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., No. 186 ; four without numbers.
2 2 9, Kiriwina, Trobriand group, 5. iii., 10. iv. 1895, A. S. Meek coll.
4 gd, 1%, St. Aignan, 11. viii, 1. ix. 4. xii, 1897. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 942, 943, 944, 989, 1098.
1, British New Guinea. HE. Weiske coll.
1 2, Efbee, Mysol, 27. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll.
27 from Isabel (Solomon Islands), New Hebrides, Obi, Kilsoein in the Koer
group, Amboina, Buru, ? New Ireland, Bonthain Peak on Celebes, Indrulaman near
the Bonthain Peak, Kalao.
3. Macropteryx mystaceus mystaceus (Less.).
13,229, Mysol, 8. 11. ii. 1900. H. Kithn coll. “Iris coffee-brown, bill
and feet black.” Nos. 2047, 2048, 2049.
1 2, Wokan, Arn Is., 4. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2560.
1 2, Trangan, Aru Is., 20. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2559.
3, Wanambai, Aru Is., June 1896. Capt. C. Webster coll.
1 3, Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1d, Andai, 1897. Bruijn coll.
14, Arfak. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4 of Salvadori’s list).
292, Mansinam, 3. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen @ of Salvadori’s list).
1 ?, Kafu, May 1884. Bruijn coll.
13, Waigiu. Bruijn coll. (Specimen / of Salvadori’s list).
1“3”, Ansus, Jobi, 1879. Bruijn coll. (Is a female !)
13,322, Takar, November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
3, Expedition Bay, New Hanover. C. Webster coll.
236,222, Milne Bay, 24. x., 4. 5. xi. 1898, 9. iv. 1899. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2103, 2126, 2129, 2547.
1 3, 2 2%, Mailu district, British New Guinea. A. S. Anthony. July,
August 1895.
1, “ Fly River” (?), purchased from the late H. Whitely.
13 from Burn, Amboina, Batjan, Halmahera, and Obi.
XIX. CAMPEPHAGIDAE.
1. Graucalus caeruleogrisea (Gray).
Campephaga caeruleogrisea G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858. pp. 179. 193 (Aru).
28 ad., Wanambai, Arn Is., 26. 27. vi. 1896. Capt. C. Webster coll.
13, Hatam, Arfak, 28. vi. 1875. Beeeari coll. (Specimen e¢ of the list)
1 3, Arfak, Bruijn coll. (Specimen @ of Salvadori’s list).
1 ?, Dorey. Powell coll.
1 2, Mansinam, November 1883. Gnuillemard coll.
1 3, Arfak. Bruijn coll.
1 dg, Papuan preparation.
234, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, 3000 ft, January 1899. J. M.
Dumas coll.
18, 1 9, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 9. 25. vi. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
( 204 )
1 3, “Sogeri district, 2000—3000 ft.,” bought from MeIlwraith.
1 2, Kotoi district, 29. viii. 1898. Anthony coli.
1 3 ad., Mt. Cameron, 5000 ft., 7. ix. 1896. Anthony coll.
1 3, Brit. New Guinea, no exact locality.
1 3g, between rivers Laroki and Vanapa, 1897. KH. Weiske coll.
1 $, Milne Bay, 28. iii. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2417.
2. Graucalus boyeri boyeri (Gray).
Campephaga boyeri G. R. Gray, Gen. B. I. p. 283 (1846: ex Hombron et Jacqu., W. coast
N. Guinea).
1 2, Mysol, November 1883. Guillemard coll.
14,12, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris deep brown, bill
and feet black.”
1 2, Konstantinbafen, German New Guinea. Knubary coll.
3. Graucalus boyeri subalaris Sharpe.
Graucalus subalaris Sharpe, Mitth. Zool. Mus. Dresden i. 3. pp. 364, 366 (1878 : Fly River)
1d ad., 1 ¢ jun., Mullen’s Harbour, S. coast Brit. New Guinea, 8. 10. ii.
1900. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 3574, 3585.
2g ad., Milne Bay, 3. xi. 1898, 29.1. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 2123, 2207.
1 2 Collingwood Bay, 5. vi. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2565.
This can hardly even rank as a subspecies, the only difference being a very
slightly larger bill and a lighter shade of the cinnamon-rufous axillaries and under
wing-coyerts.
4. Graucalus melanops (Lath.).
Corvus melanops Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. ii. p. xxiv. (1801: “hab. in Nova Hollandia.”)
1 2 jun., “ Efbee,” Mysol, 27. xi. 1883. Guillemard coll..
1 ad., Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru, 4. vii. 1896. Capt. C. Webster coll.,
No. 249.
2 2 ad., Wanambai, Kobroor, Arn, 1. 3. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2501,
2502.
2 2 ad., Wokan, Aru, 26. ix., 1. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2508, 2504.
1? ad. 4 od jnv., St. Aignan, August 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 736,
785, two without numbers.
1 3, 2 2 ad. Fergusson Island, 31. v., 14. vi. 1897. A. 8. Meek coll.,
Nos. 479, 612, 616.
1 3, Nicura. Lix coll.
Besides these we have 4 specimens from the Key Islands, 1 from Sula Besi,
2 from Timor, 1 from New Zealand, and 14 from various parts of Australia.
5. Graucalus longicauda De Vis.
Graucalus longicauda De Vis, Report New Guinea for 1889. p. 59 (1890: Musgrave Range).
Graucalus cornix Reichenow, Orn. Monatsber. 1900. p. 187 (Aroa River, British New Guinea).
1 d ad., Aroa River, 5000 ft., December 1899. E. Weiske coll.
1 3,1 2 ad., Mt. Victoria, 11,000 ft., 23. viii. 1898. Anthony coll.
1 ad., Mt. Victoria, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896. Purchased from
Mell wraith.
( 205 )
6. Graucalus papuensis hypoleucus Gould.
Graucalus hypoleucus Gould, P. Z, S. 1848. p. 38 (Port Essington, Australia).
1 from the Godeffroy Museum, perhaps Bowen, Australia ( ?).
1 2, Cooktown, 30. vi. 1899. Olive coll.
1 dg, Cape York, 21. vi. 1898. Hichhorn coll. (Meek.)
1, Thursday Island. Purchased from Gerrard.
1, Port Moresby. Purchased from Gerrard.
1, Nicura, British New Guinea. Lix coll.
| 1, inland from Holnicote Bay. Robhu coll.
1 3, Dobbo (Wammer), Arn, 28. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll.
1 8, Dobbo, Aru, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1, Dobbo, Aru, 10. vi. 1896. ©. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
Inhabits Australia, Aru, and 8.E. New Guinea.
7. Graucalus papuensis elegans Rams.
Graucalus elegans Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vii. p. 22 (1882: Guadaleanar).
17 specimens from Guadalcanar, Florida, Isabel, Alu, Munia, and Rubiana
Islands.
Inhabits the Solomon archipelago.
8. Graucalus papuensis louisiadensis Hart.
Graucalus papuensis louisiadensis Hartert, Noy. Zoo. 1898. p. 524 (Sudest Island).
6 specimens from Sudest Island.
Inhabits the Louisiades, only known from Sudest.
9. Graucalus papuensis papuensis (Gm.).
Corvus papuensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 371 (ex Daubenton & Latham; “hab. in Nova
Guinea”),
7 from Halmahera, \including specimens m, 7, p of Salvadori’s list in Orn.
Pap. ii.
5 Obi, 5 Batjan, 2 Morty.
2, Salwatty, 1861. A. R. Wallace coll.
1 3, Mysol, November 1883. Guillemard coll.
4 $4, Mysol, January—February 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1, Dorey, Bruijn coll. (Specimen d of Salvadori’s list.)
1 3, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Andai, 1879. Bruijn coll.
2, Kapaur, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
Having carefully examined all this material, we have come to the conclusion
that it is impossible to separate the Moluccan birds, which have been called
melanolora by Gray, from the (typical) New Guinea form.
10. Graucalus papuensis stephani Mey.
Graucalus stephani A.B. Meyer, Abh. Ber, i. Zool. Mus. Dresden 1890-91. No. 4. p. 9 (1892 :
Stephansort).
1 ad. skin, Konstantinhafen, German New Guinea. Kubary coll.
This form agrees with G. p. papuensis in coloration, but is much smaller,
having the same dimensions as (. p. hypoleucus, from which it differs in the grey
throat and breast. The chin and throat are not at all whiter than in G. p. papuensis.
( 206 )
11. Graucalus papuensis sclateri Salvad.
Graucalus sclateri Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 325 (1878 : New Ireland).
- Lad., New Britain. Th. Kleinschmidt coll., No. 16845, Mus. Godeff.
6 specimens, said to be from New Ireland. Purchased in London.
1 g,1 ?, Expedition Bay, New Hanover, August 1897. C. Webster coll.
This may briefly be described as a gigantic papuensis, with somewhat whiter
underside.
12. Graucalus maforensis (Mey.).
Campephaga maforensis A. B. Meyer, Sitzber. k. Ak. Wiss. Wien Ixix, p. 386 (1874: Mafor).
1 3 ad., Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris bright yellow, feet and
bill black.”
13. Graucalus axillaris Salvad.
Graucalus axillaris Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 925 (1875 : “ Mansema”).
1 ¢, said to be from the Ambernob River. J. M. Dumas coll.
1 $, Mt. Maori, 3000 ft., January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
2, d¥% ad., Aroa River, 3000—7000 ft., August—September 1899. E. Weiske
coll.
1 dad. 1 ¢ juv., without exact locality. E. Weiske coll.
14. Edoliisoma melas melas (Less.).
Lanius melas Lesson, Man. d’Orn. i. p. 128 (1828: “ La Nouvelle-Guinée, au havre du Doréry”’
= Dorey). (There is no reason whatever for rejecting Lesson’s name.)
5 $3,422, Kapaur, December 1896—February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3%: “Iris deep brown, bill and feet black.”
3 dd, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Andai, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 6 of Salvadori’s list in
Orn. Pap. ii.)
1 ?, Dorey, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen » of the list.)
3 3d, Sorong, July 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens 4, #, & of the list.)
1 ?. ex Bartlett coll., said to have been taken in N. Guinea by Wallace.
1 &, Kobroor, Aru, 23. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2285.
1 $, Trangan, Aru, 21. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2572.
1 ¢, Chabrol Bay, Waigiu, 25. x. 1883. Powell coll.
The female from Trangan differs from the rest of our series, being very dark and
somewhat small, but it would require a series to decide whether these differences are
constant or not.
Onur three Takar males (females rot available) have remarkably small bills.
15. Edoliisoma melas tommasonis subsp. nov.
The females of this form are at once recognisable by their uniformly bright
rufous coloration above, as opposed to the darker and much more brownish upper-
side of the Western New Guinean melas. The males are apparently perfectly
similar to those of typical melas, except that the bill is generally a little wider.
G207)
Habitat : Jobi Island, in the Geelvink Bay ; type: ?, Ansus, Jobi, 12. xi. 1883.
Powell coll., No. J. 965.
We have the following specimens in addition to the type :—
1 dad., Ansus, Bruijn coll. (Specimen m of Salvadori’s list on p. 145 in
Orn. Pap. ii.)
3d ad., 2 5 imm., 1 ?, Marai, Ansus, Marayari, Jobi, April—May 1897.
W. Doherty coll.
This form is named in honour of the Conte Tommaso Salvadori, the celebrated
authority on Papuan birds.
16. Edoliisoma melas meeki subsp. nov.
The females of this new form differ from those of /. m. melas by their paler
upper surface and much lighter cinnamon-buff instead of pale rufous brown,
underside. The males are quite similar, except that the bill is smaller than in most.
of the typical melas.
Habitat: British New Guinea and the Fly River. Type: ad., Milne Bay,
11. iv. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., No. 2458.
We have, in addition to the type, the following specimens : —
2d ad.,1 3 juv., Milne Bay, February and April 1899. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2350, 2301, 2472.
1 3 ad., Fly River, 11. ix. 1877. D’Albertis coll., No. 615. (Specimen g of
Salvadori’s list.)
1 dad., 1 d imm.,1 , said to be from the Fly River, bought of Whitely.
(Appear to be D’Albertis skins.)
1 dg ad. 1 d imm., 3 2. E. Weiske coll., no exact locality.
1 d imm., Eafa district, 1000—3000 ft. Anthony coll.
1 o ad., Oriori district, 4. i. 1896. Anthony coll.
1 g ad., Mt. Cameron, 8. ix. 1896. Anthony coll.
17. Edoliisoma montana (Meyer).
Campephaga montana A. B. Meyer, Sitzber. ik. Ak, Wiss, Wien xix. p. 386 (1874: Arfak).
1 3, Arfak, June 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen a of Salvadori’s list in Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 147).
1 g, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
2 without localities.
1 3, Matahitang in the Mts. of British New Guinea. H. O. Forbes coll., No. 10.
2 3d, Matahitang, Mts. of British New Guinea, purchased from Mellwraith and
McKacharn.
1 J juy. (moulting), said to be from the Moroka district, purchased from
Mellwraith and McEHacharn.
333,22 ad., Mt. Cameron. Owen Stanley Range, July and August 1896.
A. 8. Anthony coll.
Specimens from British New Guinea have as a rule shorter wings and shorter
bills than those from the typical locality (Arfak), but there is much variation, and
we require more material for naming the 8.H. New Guinea form.
( 208 )
18. Edoliisoma schisticeps schisticeps (Gray).
Campephaga schisticeps G. R. Gray, Gen. B.i. p. 283 (1846: ex Hombron & Jacq. Voy. Péle Sud,
Atlas, Pl. X. fig. 1. Typical loc., W. coast of New Guinea),
2, 2, Mysol, June 1867. Hoedt coll., Nos. 187, 188. (Exchanged from the
Leyden Museum.)
286, 4 22, Mysol, January 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1814, 1819, 1820,
1883, 1885, 1915. “Tris deep brown (black), bill and feet black.”
1 $, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
19. Edoliisoma schisticeps poliopse Sharpe.
Edoliisoma poliopse Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc, London, Zool. xvi, p. 318 (1882: “ Morocco” in
Astrolabe Mts.).
1 2, Matahitang, Mts. Brit. N. Guinea. H. O. Forbes coll., No. 11.
19,1 6 juv., Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft. Purchased
from Mellwraith and McHacharn. (Apparently E. Weiske’s skins.)
20. Edoliisoma spec. nov. ?
We have one specimen, marked “ female,” collected by Mr. A. 8. Meek on
Fergusson Island, D’Hntrecasteaux Group, May 16th, 1897, which agrees above
with the females of E. s. schisticeps and FE. s. poliopse, except that it is less
bright rufous cinnamon, more brownish, but the underside is much paler and
barred with black, each feather having two narrow black cross-bars, the lower
abdomen only being uniform. This bird belongs most likely to an undescribed
species ; but it is desirable to have more material before describing it. The bird
can hardly be the young of L. s. poliopse, because some sprouting feathers are
also barred ; moreover, we have a young male of LZ. s. poliopse from Mt. Gayata
which is totally unbarred below, though evidently young, a few greyish-blue feathers
(of the adult plumage) beginning to appear.
21. Edoliisoma remotum Sharpe.
Edoliisoma remotum Sharpe, Mittheil. Zool. Mus. Dresden i. 3. p. 369 (1878).
1 3, 2 2%, Expedition Bay, New Hanover, March 1897. Capt. Cayley
Webster coll.
22. Edoliisoma amboinensis miilleri Salvad.
3d ad., 1 o vix ad., 2 3 ad., Woodlark Island, January, March, April, May
1897. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 163, 169, 179, 180, 282, 234.
29¢4,1 2, Fergusson Island, September, October 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
3 d ad., Fergusson Island, May and June 1897. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 324,
563, 483.
1 3 ad., Milne Bay, 3. iv. 1899. “Iris dark brown, feet slaty black, bill
black.” A. 8S. Meek coll., No. 2439.
1 3d immat., Collingwood Bay, 5. vi. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., No. 2571.
2 3d, Sattelberg, Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land, 3. vi. 1899. HE. Nyman eoll.
1 3 ad.,1 ¢ juv., 1 2 juv., Simbang, Angust 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
4
a ee
( 209 )
23. Edoliisoma amboinensis aruensis Sharpe.
Edoliisoma aruensis Sharpe, Mitth. Zool. Mus. Dresden i. 3. p. 369 (1878 : Lutor, Aru).
2, $2, Dobbo, Aru Islands, 1896. Capt. Cayley Webster coll.
1 2, Dobbo, Aru Islands, 11. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2417.
1 3, 1 2, Sg. Wanambai, Kobroor, September 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos. 2416, 2566.
1 2, Wokan, Aru Islands, 17. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2414.
1 ?, Trangan, Aru Islands, 13. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2565.
Sharpe and Salvadori quote both milleri and aruensis for the Aru Islands,
but we are convinced that all Aru birds belong to aruensis. E. a. aruensis is
merely the Aru form of muiller?, and differs only in its smaller size, especially
smaller bill. The alleged differences of the browner back, more rufous underside,
and less grey pileum, do not exist. Salvadori appears to have examined only
females of the supposed milleri from Aru, Sharpe none at all.
24, Edoliisoma neglectum Salvad.
Edoliisoma neglectum Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xv. p. 36 (1879 : Mafor, Beczari coll.).
5 dad. 1 6 fere ad., 3 d juv., 3 2%, Mafor, May—June 1897. W. Doherty
coll. “Iris dark brown.”
A very interesting form, the male being very much like that of miilleri, the
female much like that of meyert, but larger.
25. Edoliisoma meyeri meyeri Salvad.
Edoliisoma meyeri Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 327 (1878: Misori).
1“ 3” (juv.), Korido 1879. Bruijn coll.
1“ 9,” Korido 1879. Bruijn coll.
26. Edoliisoma meyeri sharpei subsp. nov.
One adult male, collected by J. M. Dumas on the north coast of Dutch New
Guinea, in 1900, differs from KE. m. moyeri by its smaller size, more bluish grey
colour, wider black line from the eyes to the forehead, blacker throat, and less
extended greyish white inner wing-linings.
Wing 115, tail 89, tarsus 22, bill 17-5 mm.
(Lype: No. 975, Mus. Tring.)
27. Campochaera sloetii flaviceps Salvad.
[Campephaga sloetii Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk. iii. p. 253 (1866: typ. loc. Seleh, New Guinea). |
Campochaera flaviceps Salvad., Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xv. p. 38 (1879: Fly River, g, and Mt. Epa, 2).
1 d ad., British New Guinea, 1898.
1 f ad. (from spirits), Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—T000 ft.,
April—June 1596.
1 2 ad., Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—7000 ft.
( 210 )
28. Lalage leucoptera (Schleg.)
Campephaga leucoptera Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk. iv. p. 45 (1871: Misori).
3 34,1 2, Korido, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3 ad., Korido, October 1896. “Iris deep brown, feet grey with white soles,
bill black.” W. Doherty coll.
1 fo ad., Biak, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
29. Lalage atrovirens Gray.
Campephaga (Lalage) atrovirens Gray, P. Z. S. 1861. p. 430 (typ. loc. Mysol).
1 3, 1 2, Mysol, July 1867. Hoedt coll. (Exchanged from the Leyden
Museum), Nos. 212, 214.
4 63,3 22, Mysol, January 1900. “Iris very dark brown, bill and feet
b'ack.” H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1806, 1807, 1808, 1809, 1810, 1811, 1812.
~ 33,2 2%, Ron Island, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
30. Lalage karu karu (Less.)
Lanius karu Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Ois. Atlas Pl. XII. (1826: New Ireland).
1 3, New Britain, 8. vii. 1886. Kubary coll., No. 88.
1 2, New Britain, 23. v. 1886. Kubary coll., No. 42.
1 3, New Britain, 18. viii. 1880. Th. Kleinschmidt coll., No. 452.
1 3, Duke of York Island, 4. xi. 1880. Th. Kleinschmidt coll., No. 496.
1 2, Duke of York Island, October 1880. Th. Kleinschmidt coll., No. 487.
3 66,3 2%, Sudest Island, Lonisiades, March—April 1898. A.S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 1607, 1696, 1632, 1637, 1707, 1787.
4 $6, 2 2%, St. Aignan, Louisiades, August 1897. A. 8S. Meek coll.
Nos. 734, 782, 788, 803, 806, 807.
31. Lalage karu polygrammica (Gray).
Campephaga polygrammica G. R. Gray. P. Z. S. 1858. p. 179 (Aru).
1 3 ad., 1 2, Wokan, Aru, 29. 30. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 23, 26.
“Tris dark brown, feet plumbeous, bill black.”
1 d juv., Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru, 1. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2374.
1 3g, Trangan, Aru, 18. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 256.
2 $d, Milne Bay, Brit. N. Guinea, February 1899. A. 8. Meck coll.,
Nos. 2228, 2346.
1 ?, Nicura, Brit. N. Guinea. Lix coll.
1 ¢, Matahitang, Brit. N. Guinea. H. O. Forbes coll.
1 2, Kotoi district, Brit. N. Guinea. A. 8. Anthony coll.
2 $3, Moroka district, Brit. N. Guinea. A.§. Anthony coll.
1 3,1 2, Fergusson Island, 20. ix. 1894. A. 8S. Meek coll.
1 d ad., Goodenough Island, 17. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll., No. 71.
( 212)
XX. NECTARINIIDAE.
1. Cinnyris aspasia maforensis (A. B. Meyer).
Chalcostetha aspasia var. maforensis Meyer, Sitzber. K. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Ixx. p. 123 (1874:
Mafor).
10 d ad., 4 2ad.,4 ¢ juv., Mafor Island, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
Crown brilliant golden, throat purple-blue.
2. Cinnyris aspasia mysorensis (A. B. Meyer).
Chalcostetha aspasia var. mysorensis Meyer, Sitzber. K. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien Ixx. p. 124 (1874:
Misori.)
2 36, “Kordo,” 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3,2 2 ¢, Korrido, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 ¢ juv., Biak, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
Crown bronzy steel-green ; throat purple.
3. Cinnyris aspasia aspasia Less.
Cnnyris aspasia Lesson, Voy. Coqu. Zool. i. p. 576.° No. 100. Pl. XXX. fig. 4 (1826-28 : type
from Dorey !).
1 6, Dorey, 3. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4 of Salvadori’s list).
1 3, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, Sorong, 28. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen / of Salvadori’s list).
3 juv., Takar, October—November 1896, W. Doherty coll.
36, Mansinam, 30. iii. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen f of Salvadori’s list).
6, Fly River, 18. vii. 1877. D’Albertis coll.
6, Kafu, May 1884. Bruijn coll.
fg ad,5 2 ad.,2 d juv. Ron Island, Geelvink Bay, November 1896, June—
July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
29¢4,1 %, Ansus, Jobi Island, Aprii—May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 ¢ Asua, Jobi Island, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Marai, Jobi Island, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
The Jobi form has been separated by Meyer as a subspecies, under the name of
jobiensis. We have carefully compared our examples with a large series of true
aspasia from New Guinea, and cannot possibly confirm the alleged differences of
the Jobi form.
14 ad., Terfia Island, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
4 fad. 1d juv., 2 2? ad., Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2d ad.,1 d juv., 1 ? ad., said to be from the mouth of the Ambernoh River.
J. Dumas coll.
1d ad., 2 & juv., Mysol, 1. 6. 8. ii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1984, 2017,
2020.
The adult male appears to have the throat very blue, and a series may prove
the Mysol form to be a distinct subspecies.
1 dad.,2 22, Stephansort, January 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
6d ad., 3d juv.,5 2%. Friedrichwilhelmshafen, October 1899, E. Nyman
1
2
1
1
1
6
coll.
3d ad., Mt. Cameron 3000—4000 ft., August 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3 3 ad., Kotoi district, 4000 ft., August 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
15
( 212 )
« Cinnyris aspasia chlorocephala (Salvad.)
Chalcostetha chlorocephala Salvadori, Ann. Mus, Civ. Gen, vi. p. 78 (1874: Wokan, Aru).
1 3 ad., Trangan Island, Aru, 14. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1 2, Dobbo, Aru, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
This form differs from C. a. aspasia by the more steely-bluish gloss of the
crown, and is somewhat large.
5. Cinnyris aspasia cornelia (Salvad.).
Hermotimia cornelia Salvadori, Atti R. Acc. Sc. Torino xiii. p. 319 (1878: Taraway, D’Urville
Islands).
1 3 ad., Taraway, May 1884. Bruijn coll., ‘‘ No. 11.”
2 withont localities.
This form seems to differ by its somewhat larger size and more uniform
splendid reddish purple throat. The two specimens without labels agree fully with
the Taraway male except that they are still larger !
6. Cinnyris aspasia corinna (Salvad.).
Hermotimia corinna Salvadori, Atti R. Acc, Soc. Torino xiii. p. 532 (1878 : Duke of York Islands).
1 3 ad., Duke of York Islands, January 1881. Th. Kleinschmidt coll.
1 ¢ ad., Duke of York Islands. F. Hiibner coll.
2 29, New Britain, 25. iv., 9. vil. 1886. Kubary coll.
4 dad.,2 d juv.,2 29, New Ireland. Coll. by a missionary.
7. Cinnyris apasia christianae Tristr.
Cinnyris christianae Tristram, Ibis 1839. p. 555 (St. Aignan).
3¢ ad.,12ad,1d juv., 1 ? juv., St. Aignan, Angust, September 1897.
A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 617, 687, 774, 778, 954, 1017, 1018.
3 dad., Sndest Island, March, April 1898. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 1624,
1625, 1743.
6 dad., 2d juv.,, 42%, Fergusson Island, September 1894—March 1895.
A. 8. Meek coll.
1 3 ad., Fergusson Island, 27. vi. 1897. A.S. Meek coll., No. 456.
5 6 ad., 1 2, Woodlark Island, 16. 22. 24. 26. iii., 4. 9. iv. 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 116, 147, 157, 171, 189, 206.
7 dad.,4 3 juv.,3 22%, Simbang, Huon Gulf, German New Guinea, August,
September 1899. E. Nyman coll.
C. a. christianae is very closely allied to C. a. corinna of the Bismarek
archipelago, and differs only in its more steely blue throat and rather larger size.
It is most remarkable that two forms of C. aspasia occur in German New Guinea,
in view of the enormous area inhabited by C. a. aspasia, which occupies nearly
the whole of Papua, but it is still more extraordinary that the form from the
D’Entrecasteaux and Louisiades reoccurs on the Huon Gulf, and yet is different
from the Bismarck archipelago form. We have not received any Cinnyris of this
group from the coast-line stretching from the Huon Golf to the D’Entrecasteaux
group, although we had collections from Milne Bay and Collingwood Bay.
(213 )
8. Cinnyris frenata frenata (S. Miill.)
Nectarinia frenata S. Miller, Verh. Nat. Gesch., Land-en Volkenkunde p. 173 (1843 Lobo,
New Guinea).
2 g juv., Mysol, 11. 1.1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1822, 1825.
3. 33,1 2, Salwatty, May—June 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens ¢, w, 2, 7’;
of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii. pp. 266, 267.)
1 3 ad., Sorong, May 1872. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen j’ of Salvadori’s list).
2 gad. 1 %, Dorey, March 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimens p’, 9’, of
Salvadori’s list.)
3 ¢ ad.,1 9, Mansinam, 1876, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3 ad., Mansinam, 30. iii. 1875. Beecari coll. (Specimen «’ of Salvadori’s list).
1 3d ad. 1 o juv.,1 2, Anns, North Coast of New Gninea, long. 139° 30’.
October, 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1d ad., 1 @ ad., Ron Island, Jane—July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 3 ad., 1 %, Kapaur, December 1896, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 dad., 1 2 ad., Yamna Island, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 dad, Terfia, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 2 ad., Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
Sad., 2 2 ad., Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3 ad., 1 ? ad., 1d juv., Ansus, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3 ad., Etna Bay, 1. viii. 1896. OC. Webster coll.
3 ad., 1 2 ad., New Ireland. Missionary coll.
3 ad., New Britain, 11. xi. 1880. Dr. O. Finsch coll., No. 417.
$ ad.,1 2 ad., Goodenongh Island, 18. 19. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 74, 85.
2 3 ad.,2 2 ad., Fergusson Island. September—October 1896, January 1895,
A. 8. Meek coll.
2 3 ad., Friedrichwilhelmshafen. 16. 17. x. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 d ad., Simbang, Huon Golf, 19. viii. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 dg ad., Stephansort, 13.i. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 fg jnv., Yule Island, 9. iv. 1875. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen e” of
Salvadori’s list).
1 3 ad, Naiabui, September 1872. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen x” of
Salvadori’s list).
1 dg ad., Manieri Island, Aru Islands, 19. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., No. 350.
1 3 ad., Meriri Island, Aru Islands, 23. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., No. 353.
1 dad. 1 2, Dobbo, Aru Island, 16. xi., 12. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos. 354, 354A.
1 d ad.,1 ? ad, Trangan Island, Aru Islands, 13. 19. ix. 1900. H. Kithn coll.
1 d ad., Wokan Island, Ara Islands, 29. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
Dr. Heinroth (J. f. O. 1903. p. 85) has separated the birds from New
Britain, under the name of C. frenata flava, asserting that the upperside was
more yellow than in New Guinea specimens. He has kindly lent us his types
for comparison. Unfortunately, we are, after a careful comparison of our large
material, unable to confirm his statement. His birds certainly were much
yellower than the majority of our New Guinea skins, but three specimens from
Auus which are in fresher plumage than the rest are as yellow, and even yellower,
than Solomon Islands specimens, which agree exactly with Dr. Heinroth’s types,
2
1
]
2
]
1
( 214 )
and an adult male collected on New Britain by Dr. Finsch is duller and less
yellowish than in any of our New Guinea birds. Therefore we can only come to
the conclusion that the greater or lesser brightness, and yellower or less yellow
coloration of the upperside, is due to freshness or abrasion of the plumage.
In addition to the specimens enumerated above from the Papuan region we
have :
23 3d, 9 2%, from Obi, Batjan, and Morty in the Molnccas, and Isabel,
Kulambangra, Munia, and Guadaleanar in the Solomons, which we cannot separate
from C. f. frenata, so that we have now 90 specimens before us.
The Morty birds are somewhat pale on the underside, but only having two
adult males we cannot tell if this is constant. Molucean birds are sometimes rather
dark on the upperside, but this is not at all constant, and we cannot, therefore,
separate the Moluccan birds either. The forms from the Celebesian subregion are all
distinct subspecies.
XXI. DICAKIDAE.
1. Dicaeum pectorale Mill.
Dicaeum pectorale S. Miiller, Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind., Land-en Volkenkunde p. 162 (1839-44 :
Lobo, W. New Guinea).
1 3, Arfak, 9. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen g of Salvadori’s list).
1 3, Arfak, June 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen d of Salvadori’s list).
1 3, Arfak. Guillemard coll.
1 3, Hatam, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 2, Sorong, 1. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen z of Salvadori’s list).
1 3, with label in Arabic, from Bruijn’s hunters.
1 2, Salwatty, 8. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen s of Salvadori’s list).
5 63,4 22, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘“Ivis very dark
brown, feet and bill blackish.”
1 2, Kurudu, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 gd, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3 $4, Ron Island, Geelvink Bay, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 ¢, Ambernoh River (?). J. Dumas coll, (Ex Duivenbode.)
2. Dicaeum geelvinkianum maforense Salvad.
Diecaeum qeelvinkianum A. B, Meyer, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wien xx. p. 120 (1874: “ Jobi, Mysore
{ y f Pp , Mysore,
and Mafoor.” We restrict the name geelvinkianum to the Jobi form, Jobi being the island
mentioned first.).]
Dicaeum maforense Salvadori, Ann, Mus. Civ. Gen, vii. p. 944 (1875 : Mafor).
9 Sad. 6 d juv.,7 2 ad., Mafor, May and June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3. Dicaeum geelvinkianum mysoriense Salvad.
Dicaeum mysoriense Salvadori, Ann. Mus, Civ. Gen. vii. p. 945 (1875: Mysori).
3 36, Korrido (Mysori), 19. 20. 21. v. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimens d, e, g,
of Salvadori’s list, all three marked “ Typus” by the author).
3 33,2 22%, Korrido, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Biak, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
————
(215 )
4. Dicaeum geelvinkianum nitidum Tristr.
Dicaeum nitidum Tristram, Jbis 1889. p. 555 (Sudest Island).
4 6 ad., 1 o juv., 1 $, Sudest Island, Lonisiades, 30. ii1., 2. 6.21. 24. iv. 1898.
A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos. 1628, 1629, 1648, 1776, 1678, 1789.
7 fg ad., Rossel Island, Lonisiades, 23. 28. 31. i., 3. 6. i1., 7. 177. 1898. A. 8.
Meek coll., Nos. 1270, 1321, 1343, 1362, 1389, 1554, 1556.
4 fg ad.,2 22,St. Aignan, Louisiades, 7. viii. 1897. A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos.
1Or, O85 000, TEL tie, tts
’ ? b) ’ ?
5. Dicaeum geelvinkianum rubrocoronatum Sharpe.
Dicaeum rubrocoronatum Sharpe, Nature 1876. p. 339 (Type: ‘‘ Port Moresby ” ? ).
3 46d,2 2%, Fergusson Island, September 1894. A. 8S. Meek coll.
1 dg, 1 ¢, Fergusson Island, 16. v., 1. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos.
274, 491.
1 3, Goodenough Island, 2. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll., No. 6.
4$96,2 2, Kotoi district, Brit. New Guinea, August 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
236,1 , Kone district, Brit. New Guinea, June 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 ?, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 {t. EE. Weiske coll.
1 3, Mt. Cameron, 6000 ft., 26. viii. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 3g, North Coast of British New Guinea. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 2, inland of Holnicote Bay. Rohn coll.
1 juy., without exact locality.
We are convinced from the above series that Dicaeuwm pulchrius Sharpe is
founded on a younger male of D. g. rubrocoronatum. Our specimens from
Fergusson and Goodenough are slightly larger than those from New Guinea,
but not sufficient to warrant a separation.
6. Dicaeum geelvinkianum diversum subsp. nov.
Nearest to ). g. rubrocoronatum, but differs by the somewhat lighter, more —
scarlet crown and upper tail-coverts, and the more steel-blue, not purple, upper
surface, which is also more tinged with olive.
Hab. North Coast of Dutch New Guinea.
1 ¢ ad., Ambernoh River, Dutch New Guinea. J. M. Dumas coll., No. 117.
(Type of D. g. diversum.)
1 dg, Humboldt Bay. J. M. Damas coll.
1 9, Takar, November 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris dull brown ; feet dark
brownish ; bill black, base horn-colour.”
7. Dicaeum ignicolle Gray.
Dicaeum ignicolle G. R. Gray, P. Z. 8.1858. p. 173 (Aru).
2 ad, 1 $ ad, 1 f juv., 2 2 juv., Wokan, Aru Island, 26. 29. 30. ix., 3. 3. 9.
x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll. “Iris brownish black, bill and feet blackish.”
4 J ad., 1 %, Dobbo, Aru Island, 11. 12. 14. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
=a
( 216 )
8. Dicaeum eximium Scl.
Dicaeum ceimium Sclater, P. Z. S. 1877. p. 102 (New Ireland).
1 2,‘ New Ireland.” Missionary coll.
2964, 1 2, Expedition Bay, New Hanover, February and March 1897. (From
spirits.) Capt. C. Webster coll.
. Melanocharis bicolor Rams.
Melanocharis bicolor Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S, W. iii. p. 277 (1879 : Goldie R., British New
Guinea).
4943, 3 2%, Takar, east of the Geelvyink Bay, October—November 1896.
W. Doherty coll. “Tris light chestnut, feet dark grey, bill blackish.”
23,1 %, Ambernoh River. J. M. Dumas coll. (Bx Duivenbode.)
1 d, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 27. vi. 1899. EE. Nyman coll.
?, Simbang, Huon Gulf, 4. ix. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
3,1 ¢, Milne Bay, 12. iv., 21. ii. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 2355, 2461.
3, Oriori district, 14.71.1895. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3, Kone district. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3, Mt. Cameron, 5000 ft., 15. viii. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
3, Mailu district, Jnly 1895. A.S. Anthony coll.
3,1 ¥, Kotoi district. 4000 ft., 13. viii. 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3,2 2%, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft. E. Weiske coll.
2 without exact locality, 1898. Emil Weiske coll.
10. Melanocharis niger niger Less.
Dicaeum niger Lesson, Voy. Coqu. Zool. i, p. 673 (1828 : Dorey).
1 dg. Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 6, Arfak,£12. vii. Bruijn coll.
1 ?,1 3, New Guinea, 26. vii. Bruijn coll.
1 ?, Arfak, 1. vii. Bruijn coll.
IG oeartalk. «ONO 78.2
2 $4, with label in Arabic. Ex Bruijn coll.
1 d, Sorong, 24. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen of Salvadori’s list).
25d,2 22, Kapaur, December 1896, January—February 1897. W. Doherty
coll. “ Iris red-brown, bill and feet black.”
1 ¢, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 g, Mt. Maori, Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. M. Damas coll.
1 3, Hafa district, 1000—3000 ft. Anthony coll.
1, Kotoi district, 4000 ft., 13. viii. 1898. Anthony coll.
1, Mt. Gayata, 2000—4000 ft. E. Weiske coll.
1 without exact locality. E. Weiske coll.-
11. Melanocharis niger chloroptera Salvad.
Melanocharis chloroptera Salvadori, Ann, Mus, Civ. Gen. viii. p. 987 (1875: Aru).
1d, 1 ?, Dobbo, Aru Island, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 g juv., Wokan, Aru Island, 1. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2629.
(217 )
1 g, Wanambai, Kobroor, 1. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2322. “ Tris coffee-
brown, bill and feet black.”
1 2, Sg. Bark, Kobroor, 26. vii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2324.
1 dg, “ Aru,” bought of Gerrard in London.
12. Pristorhamphus versteri Finsch.
Pristorhamphus versteri Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1875. p. 642 (Arfak).
1 ¢ ad., without locality.
2 d ad., 1 $, Kotoi district, Mts. British New Guinea, “11,000 ft.” August
1898. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 o ad., “ Eafa district, Mts. British New Guinea, 1000—3000 ft.” Purchased
from Mellwraith and McHacharn in London.
1 g,“ Ambernoh River.” J. M. Dumas coll. (Ex Duivenbode.)
1 fg ad., Mt. Knutsford, “ 11,000 ft.,” 20. viii. 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
It is most remarkable that the ? has a thicker bill and longer wing. Wing
in 3 63, in 2 70 mm. The same is the case in the British Museum specimens.
Dr. Sharpe measures the wing of the ¢ 2°45 in., that of the ? 2°65 in.
XXII. Toe Genus MYZOMELA.
1. Myzomela rubrater (Less.).
Cinnyris rubrater Lesson, Voy. Coqu. Zool. i. p. 678 (1826 :; Mariannes).
11 dd, 5 ? 2, Ruck Island, 1895—1896. A. Owston’s Jap. coll.
13 3,6 22, Guam Island, 1894—1895. A. Owston’s Jap. coll.
3 36, Saipan Island, 1895. A. Owston’s Jap. coll.
1 dg, Kushai, 29. i. 1899.
2 $6, Yap Island, 2. ix. 1870. Kubary coll. (Ex Mus. Godeffroy, No.
4059—both.)
1, Pelew Islands, evidently Kubary coll. (Purchased from Gerrard.)
1 3d, Agrigan Island, Mariannes, December 1888. Marche coll., No. 5717.
2. Myzomela rubrater pulcherrima Rams.
Myzomela pulcherrima Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. vi. p. 179 (1881: Ugi).
1 gd ad., Ugi, 5. ix. 1896. ©. M. Woodford coll.“ Iris brown ” (No. 134).
1g, Ugi. Lieut. Richards coll.
This form, in spite of its widely different geographical range, only differs from
M. r. rubrater in its lighter red, and therefore we can only treat it as a subspecies.
3. Myzomela cardinalis cardinalis ((Gm.).
Certhia cardinalis Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 472 (1788 : ex Latham, Tanna ins.).
1 ¢ ad., Aneiteum, New Hebrides, 1881. HE. L. Layard coll. “Iris dark
brown.”
2 (probably ? ?), ‘“ New Hebrides.”
( 218 )
4. Myzomela cardinalis nigriventris Peale.
Myzomela nigriventris Peale, U.S. Expl. Exp. p. 150. Pl, 41. fig. 2 (1848 : Samoa).
1 3, Upolu, Samoa, 7. xii. 1886. John Young coll.
2 3d, 1 ¥, 1 juv., Apia, Samoa, 7. 18. i. 1895. O. M. Woodford coll.,
Nos. 43, 47.
1 juv., 2 $2, Upolu, Samoa. Krause coll. (Ex Mus. Godeffroy.)
The only difference between this form and typical cardinalis is the shorter
wing of nigriventris. The alleged difference in the colour of the abdomen men-
tioned by Dr. Gadow in the Cat. B. ix. does not hold good.
5. Myzomela sanguinolenta sanguinolenta (Lath.).
Certhia sanguinolenta Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. xxxvii. (1801: Australia).
1 g, Brisbane, 1873. Cockerell coll. (Ex von Hiigel.)
1 3, Richmond R., 8. Queensland, 1874. Cockerell coll. (Ex von Hiigel.)
1 3, Cooktown, 12. v. 1900. Olive coll., No. A 93. “Iris brown, feet brown,
bill black.”
8 od, 2 22, without exact localities.
6. Myzomela sanguinolenta caledonica Forbes.
Myzo mela caledonica Forbes, P. Z. S. 1879. p. 260 (New Caledonia).
1 fg ad., Moindu, New Caledonia, 7. x. 1881. E. I. Layard coll. “ Iris brown,
legs bronze-green, bill black.”
1 3 juv., Noumea, New Caledonia, 27. v. 1879. E. L. Layard coll.
This form differs from typical sanguinolenta in its much darker red and the
absence of the light edges to the scapulars and wing-coverts.
7. Myzomela chloroptera Walden.
Myzomela chloroptera Walden, Ann. & Mag. N. H. 1872, ix. p. 399 (Minahassa, Celebes).
3 ¢ ad. 1 2, Indrulaman, Bonthain Peak, 2500 ft., October 1895. Hverett
coll. “Iris brown, bill very dark brown, feet bright olive-brown.”
1 ¢ ad., Bonthain Peak, 6000 ft. Native coll. October 1895 (Everett).
4 6 ad., Bonthain Peak, 4000—6000 ft., August 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 Jo ad., 1 d juv., Saleyer, November 1895. s =
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( 287 )
Dampfer lings der Kiiste, die einen trostlosen Eindruck macht: eine einférmige,
etwa 10 Meter hohe Kiiste aus abgestiirzten Felsblicken, nur an einer Stelle durch
ein etwa 30 Meter hohes Cap (Arciprés grande) unterbrochen, dahinter eine gelbe,
einténige Sandbank ohne jegliche Vegetation.
Bei meiner Ankunft in der Zarga war die See ziemlich bewegt und es ging
daher das Entladen der Wasserfiisser und der Ladung nur langsam von Statten; die
beiden Leichter, die das Lischen besorgten, fuhren mehrere Mal zu dem Segelschiff
“San Luis,’ wo sie die Waaren deponierten, um sie dann in den folgenden Tagen in
die Factorei zu bringen ; endlich um 9 Uhr Nachts war das letzte Collo gelischt
ARCIPRES GRANDE.
und fahren wir an Bord des “San Luis,” um da die Nacht iiber zu bleiben;
ich hatte mich an Bord des “Larache” dem Factor und Chef der Factorei Herrn
Gregorio Zarate vorgestellt, der mir dann auch sofort, nachdem er den Zweck
meines Herkommens erfahren hatte, seine Dienste zur Verfiigung stellte und mich
einlnd, bei ihm in der Factorei zu wohnen; Don Gregorio ist ein liebenswiirdiger,
zuvorkommender Mann, ein richtiger Hidalgo, stets bemiiht gefiillig zu sein, und
ich bin ihm zu vielem Dank verpflichtet. Auch der Priester der Factorei, ein alter
Catalane, war an Bord gekommen. Am folgenden Morgen friih fuhren wir in
einem der gedeckten Leichter, der ein enormes Segel anfgesetzt hatte, bei heftigem
Gegenwind und stiirmischer See in die Bucht hinein und gelangten nach unziihligen
( 288 )
Kreuzungen und nachdem wir etwa 10 Minuten auf einer Sandbank festgesessen
hatten nach 24 Stunden zur Factorei.
Die ganze spanische Colonie in Rio de Oro besteht aus: 1 Gouverneur (Capitin
der Marine-Infanterie), 1 Leutnant (Chef des Destacaments), 1 Militérarzt,
1 Feldwebel, 2 Korporiilen, 1 Lazaretgehiilfen, 28 Soldaten, siimmtlich im Fort
wohnend; 1 Chef der Factorei, 1 Priester der Factorei, 1 Koch der Factorei.
In der Factorei angestellt sind 6 bis 8 Araber und im Fort etwa 4, wovon 2
Dolmetscher. Siimmtliche Araber sprechen gut spanisch. Neben dem Fort wohnen
in ihren Beduinenzelten etwa 80 bis 100 Eingeborene; an der Zarga deren 6,
die den canarischen Fischern Handlangerdienste leisten, und weiter landeinwiirts,
gegentiber der Insel Herne, ist ein Dorf von etwa 100 Einwohnern, die sich
A ee ee
Boss thee a ey
Lee eee =
Bo
Fort UND FACTOREI, Rio DE ORO,
kiimmerlich von Fischfang und Gazellenjagd erniihren—das ist die ganze Bevél-
kerung der Halbinsel. Die Nahrung dieser Leute besteht aus in Salzwasser
gesottenem Fisch und Gofio (geréstetes Maismehl), das sie in der Factorei gegen
Corbinas, Felle und Gazellen eintauschen. Weiter landeinwiirts (nach Osten) ist
3 bis 4 Tagreisen weit nur unbewohnte Sandwiiste, dann aber sollen zahlreiche
viehzuchttreibende Beduinenstimme vorkommen und die Gegend viele Tiefbrunnen
besitzen.
Diese Leute bringen ab und zu Wolle, Schafe, Ziegen, Esel und Pferde nach
der Factorie. Die Pferde sind klein und nicht viel werth, dagegen sind die Hsel und
Ziegen sehr schéne Thiere, von bedeutend bessern Rassen als die Marokkanischen.
Die erste Person, die ich traf, nachdem ich wieder festen Boden unter den
Fiissen hatte, war der Gouverneur. Ich stellte mich ihm vor und sagte ihm, dass
ich ein Empfehlungsschreiben seiner Hxcellenz des Herzogs Almodovar (del Rio,
Ministro de Estado, fiir ihn habe, worauf er glaubte, ich wiire der neue Leutnant.
( 289 )
Der erste Hindruck, den der Gouverneur auf mich machte, war nicht sehr
eiinstig,—seine defekten Hosen und die Klatschsucht, mit der er mir sofort haarklein
Alles erziihlte, was der Factor, der Priester, der Leutnant ete. etc. thiiten und wer
sie seien, machten mir den Mann unsympathisch und das ist er mir auch geblieben.
Sein Hauptvergniigen besteht darin, die 3 oder 4 bessern Leute hintereinander zu
hetzen und die Eingeborenen zu priigeln. Den gréssten Theil des Tages sitzt
er bei seiner arabischen Concubine ; im iibrigen ist er feige.
Der erste Hindruck dieser trostlosen Sandwiiste wurde jetzt noch verstirkt
durch den herrschenden heftigen Nordwestwind ; jahraus und jahrein immerfort bliist
dieser Wind iiber die Ebene in einer Mittel-Stiirke von 1 Kilometer per 2 bis
3 Minuten, manchmal wird er zum Orkan, wie z. B. vom 22 bis 27 Juni und ganz
besonders am 14 Juli. An solchen Tagen ist es unméglich, vor die Thiire zu gehen,
eine gelbe Sandwolke hiillt Alles ein—man kénnte sich in einem gelben Nebel
ARABISCHE FRAUEN UND KINDER.
glauben, in welechem einem von unsichtbarer Gewalt Sandkérner ins Gesicht
geschlendert werden, die nadelstichiihnliche Schmerzen verursachen.
In 75 Tagen, die ich in Rio de Oro zubrachte, waren nur 2 Tage mit schwachem
Winde, der 29. Juli mit 1 km. per 7 Minuten und der 30. Juli mit 1 km. per
6 Minuten. Windstille gab es wihrend meines ganzen dortigen Anfenthaltes nicht.
Der Wind hat iibrigens das Gute, dass er vom Meere kommend kiihlend wirkt und
somit das Klima ganz ertriiglich macht; vom 1. bis zum 15. August war die
mittlere Temperatur an der Sonne nur 35° Celsius (der 3‘ August wies mit 41° die
héchste Temperatur auf, an einem andern Tage war die héchste Temperatur 30° an
der Sonne), im gleichen Zeitraume schwankte die Temperatur im Schatten zwischen
21 bis 25° Celsius. Barometerstand 755 bis 760 mm., Mittel 756 mm. Regen
giebt es beinahe nie ; in 2 Jahren hat es einmal geregnet und zwar am 1 Januar
d. h. aber nur eine ganz kleine Menge (einige Millimeter). Das Klima ist sehr
gesund; Typhus, Tuberkulose, ete., sind giinzlich unbekannt ; die einzigen
Krankheiten, mit welchen die Araber behaftet sind, haben ihre Ursachen im
( 290 )
Schmutz und dem schlechten Wasser (Ausschliige, etc.), auch giebt es Augenent-
ziindungen (Ophthalmie), die wohl durch den feinen Wiistensand verursacht
werden.
Die meiner Ankunft folgenden Tage beniitzte ich zu Hxkursionen in der
Umeebung der Niederlassung, wobei ich zu meinem grossen Leidwesen bemerkte,
dass beinahe gar keine Landvégel vorhanden waren, von Schmetterlingen gar nicht
zu sprechen ; Heteroceren gab es nur an den 2 Tagen (29/30 Juli), an welchen bei-
nahe kein Wind wehte. Meine ganze Ausbeute an Landvégeln bestand desshalb
nur in 22 Exemplaren, die 10 Arten repriisentieren, gesehen habe ich noch, aber
ohne darauf zum Schuss zu kommen: einige Raben, 2 Mandelkriihen und 1 Weih.
Wasser- und Strandvigel giebt es in Folge des grossen Fischreichthums in grosser
Menge, hauptsiichlich Strandliiufer, Brachvégel, Méwen, Seeschwalben, Reiher,
Flamingos, und Kormorane. Dieselben halten sich hauptsiichlich auf den Sand-
biinken im Rio auf und es ist beinahe unméglich ihnen beizukommen; auch
HAIMA (BEDUINENZELT).
die wenigen vorhandenen kleinen Landyégel sind furchtbar schen, trotzdem kein
Mensch ihnen nachstellt. Das beinahe giinzliche Fehlen der Landvyégel erkliire
ich mir aus verschiedenen Griinden; Kornerfresser finden iiberhaupt keine Nahrung,
Insekten giebt es auch nur wenig, héchstens Fliegen in Menge; dann ist kein
Siisswasser da, die feuchten Niederschliige Nachts sind salzig und werden sofort
vom Winde anfgetrocknet, Biiume und Striincher zum Nisten und Schutz vor dem
Raubzeug fehlen und es werden die Végel, die Nachts am Boden schlafen, mit
Leichtigkeit eine Beute der massenhaft herumstreichenden Schakale.
Reptilien sind auch nicht so zahlreich, wie ich gehofft hatte.
Siiugethiere sind schon zahlreicher, es giebt Gazellen, Hasen, Schakale,
Hyiinen, Miiuse, Springmiiuse (Dipus), Mellivora (Stinkthier), Antilopen, Miihnen-
schafe, Leoparden, die letztern 4 Thiere jedoch nur im Innern, ihre Felle aber
werden ab und zu yon den Arabern in die Factorei gebracht. Gazellen bringen die
arabischen Jiiger oft in die Factorei, wo sie gegessen werden. Leider konnte ich
es nicht dahin bringen, dass man mir die Gazellen ohne durchschnittenen Hals und
( 291 )
durchschnittene Sprunggelenke brachte, nur ein einziges Thier erhielt ich ganz,
weil es nicht weit von der Factorei erlegt wurde (beim Pozzo Taorta). 1 Hasen
schoss ich selbst beim Arciprés grande, ebenso erlegte ich zwei Schakale ; hiitte
ich Tellereisen bei mir gehabt, wiirde ich Schakale wahrscheinlich in grosser
Menge haben fangen kénnen, denn oft hérte ich sie Nachts am Strande heulen.
Hyiinen bekam ich nicht, dagegen hérte ich sie in 2 Niichten weinen. Weisse
Miiuse mit rothen Augen soll es auch geben, ich konnte aber keine bekommen,
ebenso wenig wie einen Dipus, trotzdem ich mir die grésste Miihe gab. Hine
Mellivora brachte man mir lebendig ; ich erschoss sie sofort, weil sie einen kleinen
Araber ins Bein gebissen hatte. Die Gazellen und Hasen haben ein sehr fein
schmeckendes Fleisch, was mir unerkliirlich ist, da ihre Nahrung einzig aus einer
Salzpflanze besteht; diese Pflanze mit kleinen ovalen dicken wiissrigen Blattern
und eine Cactusart bilden die einzige Vegetation der Halbinsel.
Am 8. Juni machte ich einen kleinen Ausflug landeinwiirts, d. h. in
der Richtung des Brunnens Taorta. Ich mochte nahezn eine Stunde drauf los
marschirt sein, ohne einen Vogel noch irgend ein anderes lebendes Wesen
gesehen zu haben, als ich plotzlich am Horizonte ein Wiildchen auftanchen sah ;
ich war einigermassen erstaunt, da solches gar nicht mit dem stimmte, was ich
beziiglich der Vegetation der Halbinsel im Fort gehért hatte; tapfer ging
ich auf das Wiildchen los, aber je mehr ich lief, desto weiter entfernte sich das
Gehélz, bis ich einsah, dass ich das Opfer einer Fata morgana sei. Nunmehr
fasste ich einen besonders grossen Strauch ins Auge, direct ging ich auf ihn zu,
wobei derselbe immer kleiner und kleiner wurde, bis ich endlich bei ihm anlangte;
der aus der Ferne 3 Meter hoch erschienene Busch entpuppte sich als ein
kleiner Sandhiigel von etwa 50 em. Hohe, bewachsen mit einem etwa 10 cm. hohem
Cactus. Nunmehr machte ich mich auf den Riiekweg, ich war ziemlich weit
entfernt von der Factorei, dieselbe erschien mir in der Grésse eines 5 cm. hohen
weissen Niirnberger Holzspielzeuges ; stramm marschirte ich darauf zu, allmiilig
wurde das Gebiiude grésser und grésser und nach etwa einer halben Stunde sah ich
die Niederlassung inmitten einer wunderyollen blauen Lagune voll kleiner griiner
Inselechen yor mir stehen. Diese Tauschung dauerte bis ich dem Fort auf etwa
2 km. nahe war, um sich allmiilig wie ein Nebelbild aufzulosen. Solche Tragbilder
sah ich in der Folge noch oft, aber nie am Morgen, sondern stets nur Nachmittags,
jedoch hat mir keines solch einen unausléschlichen Eindruck gemacht, wie das
erste, auf welches ich nicht vorbereitet gewesen war.
Ich wiire nun gar zu gerne fiir etwa 10 Tage ins Innere gegangen, es war
aber ein Ding der Unméglichkeit. Nicht nur konnte ich die néthigen Kameele
nicht erhalten, sondern es war auch Niemand da mich zu begleiten. Die in der
Factorei angestellten Araber diirfen es nicht wagen, ins Innere zu gehen, da sie
yon den Hingeborenen dort als Abtriinnige angesehen und unfehlbar von ihnen
getétet werden wiirden, und ich konnte mich nicht allein den im schlechtesten Rufe
stehenden Beduinen anyertrauen. Ich hatte einem derselben vorgeschlagen, er
méchte seinen Bruder gegen entsprechende Bezahlung als Geissel bis zu meiner
Riickkehr im Fort lassen, worauf er aber nicht eingehen wollte.
Schliesslich beniitzte ich die Gelegenheit, als am 4 Juli die Araber der Factorei
an der gegeniiberliegenden Kiiste fischen gingen, zu einem Besuche des Festlandes ;
die Kiiste desselben ist zerkliiftet, steil und 50 bis 60 Meter hoch ; nachdem ich
nach 2 stiindiger Fahrt im Segelboot mit vieler Miihe an’s Land gekommen
war, machte ich mich sofort an’s Erklettern der Felswand. Sie bestand aus
20
( 292 )
verwittertem Sandstein und man rutschte bei jedem Schritt wieder um die
Hiilfte zuriick, schliesslich aber kam ich bis auf etwa 4 Meter zum obern iiber-
hiingenden Rand. Bei jeder Bewegung die ich machte rollten Steine ab und
ratschte der Sand unter meinen Fiissen in die Tiefe. Zoll fiir Zoll, Hiinde und
Fiisse in den Sand eingrabend, kroch ich aufwiirts, mein Jagdgewehr yon mir
herschiebend ; endlich nach etwa + Stunde, die mir Stunden gedanert zu haben
schien, war ich oben. Nun kam auch mein Araber, der mich begleiten sollte,
und ganz miihelos durch eine Schlucht hinaufgekommen war. Vorerst durchsuchte
ich einige Schluchten in der Niihe, fand aber nichts Lebendes, sondern nur eine
Strohmatte und darunter einen Sack aus Ziegenfellen, gefiillt mit allerlei Beduinen-
Hausrath, wie Kamelshaare, Muscheln, rothe Steine, mit denen die Frauen sich
das Gesicht fiirben, einige Beutelchen Droguen, die die Araber als Medizin
anwenden, einige Lappen blauen Baumwollstoff, 2 Strohteller und ein Stiick von
1 Antilopenhorn. lLandeinwiirts am Horizonte lief parallel mit der Kiiste eine
Hiigelkette, die Ebene bis dahin war die richtige Wiiste ohne jegliche Vegetation ;
im Sande gab es unziihlige Gazellen-
spuren, die alle in der Richtung der
Hiigelkette liefen, so entschloss ich mich
denn bis zu den Hiigeln zu gehen, hoffend
daselbst einige Vogel, oder vielleicht
Gazellen in der Mittagsruhe anzutreffen.
Also marschirten wir auf unser Ziel los,
und nach einer Stunde ungefiihr traf ich
auf frische Kamelsspuren, die in der
Richtung von Nord nach Siid gingen,
mein Begleiter kam mir nach und sagte
mir in seiner lakonischen Art: “frische
Kamelsspuren, von heute, 7 Kameele,
woyon eines stérisch”—ich antwortete ihm
auf dieselbe Art: “Wenn 7 Kameele,
7 schlechte Miinner, so habe ich Mauser
t| 5 Schuss, Jagdgewehr, 2 Schuss!”’—und
En Sonn per Wosre. damit war die Sache abgethan, still-
schweigend marschierten wir weiter; bei
den Hiigeln angekommen fand ich auch Nichts zu schiessen und machte desshalb
wieder kehrt. Die Hiigel sind aus demselben Material wie die Kiiste: Sand
und Muscheln. Den Abstieg zum Rio machte ich diesmal durch eine Schlucht
und schoss dabei einen schwarzen Steinschmiitzer mit weissem Biirzel, einen
zweiten, den ich sah, erbeutete ich nicht.
Da ich am 18. Juli zuriickreisen wollte, nahm ich mir vor, doch noch vorher
per Kamel bis an den Anfang der Halbinsel (gegeniiber der Insel Herne) zu reiten.
Ich verstiindigte mich desshalb mit einem Gazellenjiiger auf den 14. Juli, leider
herrschte aber an diesem Tage ein derartiger Orkan, dass es nicht méglich war,
auch nur vor die Thiire zu gehen ; wie es dann kam, dass ich am 18. Juli noch
nicht abreiste, werde ich nachstehend erziihlen.
Am 17. Jali morgens kam mit dem Interinsulardampfer ein Priester, Don
Norberto Font aus Barcelona, in Rio de Oro an. Er war vom Marquis de Comillas,
Priisidenten der Compania transatlantica, gesandt worden, um die geologischen und
Wasser-Verhiiltnisse zu studiren. Don Norberto, ein noch junger Mann, ist in
( 293 )
Catalonien als Geologe riihmlich bekannt und geschiitzt. Gleich nachdem wir
einander vorgestellt waren, sagte er mir, ich solle meine Abreise doch noch einen
Monat verzégern, wihrend welcher Zeit wir zusammen Exkursionen machen
kénnten, was fiir uns Beide angenehm und von Nutzen sein wiirde. Ich itberlegte
mir denn die Sache nicht lange und entschloss mich, noch einen Monat linger zu
bleiben, was ich dann auch nicht zu bereuen hatte ; an diesen mit Don Norberto in
grésster Harmonie zusammen verlebten Monat werde ich stets mit grosser Freude
zuriickdenken. Beinahe tiiglich machten wir zusammen Ausfliige, darunter
5 gréssere Exkursionen: eine nach dem Pozzo Taorta, wo ich eine schine, sandgelbe,
grosse Wiistenlerche—die einzige dieser Art, die mir zu Gesicht gekommen—
erbeutete; dann 2 im Segelboot und 1 eine im Fischerkutter nach der gegeniiber-
liegenden Kiiste des Festlandes und schliesslich eine von fiinf Tagen in dem
Bergantin (Segelschiff) “San Luis” bis ans Ende der Bucht von Rio de Oro.
Bei einer der Hxkursionen nach dem siidlichsten Boste war ich, wiihrend
Don Norberto den Brunnen untersuchte, auf eigene Faust herumstreichen
DER AUTOR AUF EINEM AUSFLUGE.
.
respective jagen gegangen, wobei mir die enorm vielen Spuren yon Gazellen,
Schakalen und Hasen auffielen. Auch die Spur eines gréssern Raubthieres—die
Pfote mochte etwa 8 cm. Durchmesser haben—fand ich, und folgte derselben bis
in eine Schlucht hinein, wo ich sie verlor; es wird wahrscheinlich eine Hyiine
gewesen sein. Auch 3 schwarze Steinschmiitzer erbeutete ich noch.
Der Name Rio de Oro hatte in mir die Vermuthung aufkommen lassen, dass in
friihern Zeiten irgendwo, aber sehr wahrscheinlich am Ende der Bucht, ein Fluss
in die Bucht gemiindet haben werde, wodurch solcher der Name Rio (Fluss)
beigelezt wurde. In Algerien giebt es solche Fliisse, die im Sande versiegen
und unterirdisch dem Meere zufliessen, man brancht da nur im ehemaligen noch
deutlich erkennbaren Flussbette einige Meter zu graben, um auf siisses Wasser
zu stossen. Ich theilte diese Idee Don Norberto mit, welcher selbst schon das
Gleiche gedacht hatte. Von Cadix hatte er eine Maschine zum Bohren von
artesischen Brunnen mitgebracht, aber er kam nicht in die Lage solche zu
beniitzen, da er bei der Untersuchung des Endes der Bucht die Nntdecknng
( 294 )
machte, dass der vermeintliche ausgetrocknete Fluss weiter nichts ist, als die
Fortsetzung der Bucht, durch welche solche vor noch gar nicht langer Zeit mit
dem offenen Meere zusammengehangen hat ; die heutige Halbinsel ist also ehemals
eine Insel gewesen und selbst heute noch kann man deutlich erkennen, dass bei
grossen Fluthen das Meer und die Bucht beinahe zusammenfliessen. Meine
Erwartung, dass es daselbst Siisswasser und Vegetation und demznfolge anch
eine grissere Manigfaltigkeit in der Thierwelt, besonders der gefiederten, gebe,
erfiillte sich also nicht. Auch auf der Insel Herne fand ich nichts Besonderes.
Von dem gegeniiber liegenden Festlande brachten mir die Araber eine hellgelbe
Schlange, leider mit abgetrenntem Kopfe. Auf unserer Riickreise nach der
Factorei erlebten wir auch noch das Vergniigen mit dem “San Luis” anf einer
Sandbank aufzulaufen—der Rio hat niimlich nur einen sehr schmalen Kanal mit
Tiefen von 6 bis 70 Meter. Durch diesen waren wir denn auch gliicklich aufwiirts
gekreutzt ; beim Zuriickfahren wollte der ‘‘ Patron” (Capitiin) einen schmiilern,
aber niihern Canal beniitzen und blieb dabei im Sande stecken; wir blieben noch
etwa 4 Stunden an Bord, wiihrend welcher tiichtig gearbeitet wurde, um das Schiff
flott zu machen, was aber nicht gelang. Am folgenden Tage wurde der “San Luis ”
um 200 Sicke Salz erleichtert und kam dann am 3 Tage morgens bei Fluth frei.
An Bord yom “San Luis” hatte ich mit der Angel 2 Haifische gefangen. Auch
grosse Sonnenfische giebt es im Rio, die Fischer erbeuten sie einzig der Leber
wegen, die ein werthvolles Oel enthiilt.
In die Factorei zuriickgekehrt fanden wir 15 Esel vor, deren Spuren wir auf
dem Festlande am Ende der Bucht schon gesehen hatten ; es waren Prachtthiere,
aschgrau, gelb und weiss mit schwarzer kreuzformiger Riickenzeichnung. Schade,
dass sie nicht vorher gekommen waren, wir hiitten sie zu unsern Exkursionen gut
beniitzen kénnen.
Don Norberto hatte mir auch die Lust am Sammeln von Fossilien und
dergleichen beigebracht ; ich sammelte z. B. eine Anzahl fossiler Fischzihne
und Knochen von Fischen, dann Achate in allen Farben und schliesslich sehr
schéne Pfeilspitzen, Lanzenspitzen, Kratzer, Messer, Nadeln, etc., aus Feuerstein
oder Achat, wie sie die friihern Bewohner der Halbinsel angefertigt und beniitat
haben. Einige der gefundenen Pfeilspitzen und Nadeln sind so fein gearbeitet,
dass ich mich mit Staunen fragen muss, mit welchen Instrumenten diese Wilden
aus so harten Steinen solch feine Gegenstiinde anfertigen konnten. Diese Sachen
hatte Don Norberto zuerst in einem Hiigel alter Kiichenabfiille entdeckt; der
Hiigel bestand aus Asche, Muscheln u. s. w. und dient heute als Begriibnissplatz
fiir die Araber, und auch ein Steinbeil hat er daselbst gefunden.
Endlich war der Tag unserer Abreise, der 18. August, da. Begleitet von der
ganzen europiischen und einheimischen Bevélkerung schifften wir uns am Molo ein.
Um 10 Uhr lichtete der Dampfer die Anker und hinaus dampften wir aus dem
“ Goldflusse,” der kein Fluss ist und wo von Gold keine Spur vorhanden. Don
Gregorio begleitete uns noch bis zur Zarga, der Dampfer stoppt, ein Hiindedruck,
und dann hinunter in’s Boot. Ein Winken mit den Taschentiichern, die Schiffs-
maschine arbeitet und bald ist das Boot unsern Blicken entschwunden. Hine
wehmiithige Stimmung ergreift mich, denn auch die Wiiste ist schén, wenn wir
dort nette Menschen kennen gelernt und zuriickgelassen haben,
( 295 )
LIST OF BIRDS COLLECTED AT RIO DE ORO BY
MR. F. W. RIGGENBACH.
By ERNST HARTERT.
HE bird-collection from Rio de Oro is as unsatisfactory as it can be. The
barren nature of the place necessitates a very poor avifauna, but we should
have expected more than this. We hoped that Riggenbach would be able to
penetrate farther inland, where no doubt much bird-life exists. Moreover, he paid
his visit to the Rio de Oro at the wrong time of the year. It is true that I did not
want him to go in winter, fearing that he might find so many migrants that the
collecting of them would prevent him from thoroughly investigating the resident
species ; but he certainly started too late. April would probably have been the
best time. As it is, the collection, besides being extremely poor in species,
contains mostly very worn birds—so much worn that the coloration can only be
seen roughly.
1. Aédon luscinia (L.).
1 3 ad., 13. viii. 1902. (No. 38.)
In good, fresh plumage. Evidently not a resident bird, but a bird of passage.
2. Hypolais polyglotta Vieill.
32, 27. 31. vii; dd, 11. 13. viii. 1902.
All in worn plumage, evidently after breeding. (Nos. 29, 31, 33, 37.) “ Iris
black-blue with orange ring, feet bistre, bill above coffee-brown with yellow edges,
lower mandible flesh-colour.”
Probably a bird breeding at Rio de Oro.
3. Saxicola leucurus (Gm.).
3 ad., 4. vii. 1902; ¢ 2, 23. vii. 1902. °
Both birds of the year, but one is still in its first plumage, while the other has
its full fine plumage like an adult bird, the belly only still showing feathers of the
first plumage.
1 S juv., 31. vii. 1902. (Nos. 21, 27, 28, 30.)
These birds doubtless breed at the Rio de Oro.
4. Otocorys bilopha (Temm.) (? subsp.).
2 22 ad., 10. vi. 1902.
“ Tris dark blue with orange circle, feet lead-grey, bill lead-grey, under mandible
bluish-grey with darker tip.” (Nos. 7, 8.)
In very worn plumage, moult beginning. The wings and tails are so worn
that they cannot be measured; but apparently these Rio de Oro specimens are
smaller than Egyptian (Hon. N. ©. Rothschild coll.) and Tunisian specimens.
Males and specimens in better plumage are necessary to show if the Rio de Oro
race is separable or not.
( 296 )
5. Galerida theklae subsp.
1 ? ad., Rio de Oro, 9. vi. 1902. (No. 5.)
One single specimen in terribly worn plumage. It is impossible to say to
which form it belongs, if not to a new one. It appears to be very near to G. ¢.
superflua Hart. and G. t. deichleri Erl., especially the former.
6. Alaemon alaudipes (Desf.).
1 o juv., 21. vii. 1902.
Moulting from the first juvenile plumage to that of the adult bird. (No. 26.)
7. Hirundo rustica (L.).
2 6 ad., 9. 11. vi. 1902. (Nos. 6, 9.)
In fine spring plumage, not different from European examples. Probably
breeding as far south as Rio de Oro, although Mr. Riggenbach gives no information
on this point. As the swallow nests as far south as Mogador in Morocco, I see
nothing extraordinary in their breeding here in the middle of the Saharan desert-belt.
8. Motacilla campestris rayi (Bp.).
3 ad., 29. vi. 1902. (No. 20.)
In terribly worn plumage, but evidently belonging to the English race. I
fancy it must be a migrant which for some reason did not return to its home in
England for the summer, and was unfortunate enough to be met with by Riggenbach.
9. Apus apus apus (L.).
2 3 ad., 1 juv., 11. viii. 1902. (Nos. 34, 35, 36.)
These birds are typical dark European apus, and must already have been on
their way south, as early as August 11th.
10. Upupa epops L.
.1 3,2 2? (one erroneously sexed “ d ”), 7. 31. vii. 1902. (Nos. 22, 23, 32.)
I suppose these birds breed at Rio de Oro.
11. Oidemia nigra (L.).
2 3 ad., 20. vi. 1902 (one erroneously marked “ 2”). (Nos. 16, 19.)
It is strange to understand why these birds are spending the summer here.
They are in their black plumage, but very strongly worn.
12. Aegialitis hiaticula (1.).
299,” 7.16. vi. 1902. (Nos. 2, 11.)
One in very good plumage.
13. Aegialitis alexandrinus (L.).
36 ad: 1 2 ad, 7. 8.17. vi. 1902. (Nos. 1, 3, 4, 10.)
In worn breeding plumage.
( 297 )
14. Tringa canutus L.
23 ad.,1 3,17. 18. vi. 1902. (Nos. 12, 18, 14.)
One of these is in a somewhat peculiar plumage. There are white feathers
with blackish brown markings rather worn ; besides them, feathers for their greater
part chestnut cinnamon, and not at all worn, looking like fresh feathers, while
white and brown ones are also sprouting.
15. Numenius phaeopus (L.).
6 ad., 10. vii. 1902. (No. 25.)
16. Sterna maxima Bodd.
2, 8. vii. 1902. (No. 24.)
17. Sterna cantiaca Gw.
3, 20. vi. 1902. (No. 17.)
This, as well as the former, are not in breeding plumage ; the forehead white,
the nape and hindneck black and white.
18. Sterna fluviatilis Naum.
9 juv., 19. 20. vi. 1902. (Nos. 15, 18.)
That is all we have received from the “ Rio de Oro.” Though it is a miserable
list, it seems to show :—
1. That Rio de Oro is not a place for any collector to go, unless he manages to
travel inland for at least a day or two, where he finds vegetation and doubtless
some interesting birds as well.
2, That the faunal character of these latitudes, thongh being practically the
tropic of Cancer and thus the middle of the Sahara, is quite palaearctic, not tropical.
Cf. Hypolais polyglotta, Saxicola leucurus, Upupa epops, Otocorys bilopha, Hirundo
rustica, Alaemon alaudipes, which are with more or less certainty breeding here.
3. That the Rio de Oro, probably on account of its abundance of fishes and
sheltered position, is a welcome home for tired and invalid migrants which ure not
inclined to undertake the voyage to their breeding-places. Cf. Oidemia nigra,
Motacilla campestris rayi, and Tringa canutus, the presence of adult individuals of
which in this latitude is otherwise strange to understand in the month of June.
( 298 )
REPTILES FROM RIO DE ORO, WESTERN SAHARA.
By DR. A. GUNTHER, FBS.
HE Tring Museum has received last year a small collection of reptiles made by
Mr. Riggenbach in the littoral district of the Rio de Oro. The physical
features of this district are more fully described by Mr. Riggenbach, and therefore
it may suffice to mention here that the “ Riode Oro” is a marine channel separating
a peninsula bearing the same name from the mainland, which for some distance
inland is a barren, sandy desert, without any vegetation. It was here where the
following eight species were collected.
1. Geckonia chazaliae.
Mocquard, Bull. Mus. d’ Hist. Nat. Paris i. 1895. p. 311.
This singular Gecko seems to be one of the most characteristic forms of the
Reptilian Fauna of this part of Africa. It is a true desert form, reminding us of
Phrynosoma by its form and coloration, and particularly by the row of enlarged
tubercles which borders the back of the head. It was described in 1895 by
M. Mocquard from a specimen obtained 20 kilometers inland of Cape Blanco—
that is, somewhat more to the north than our specimens, in typical desert country.
To M. Mocquard’s description I have only to add that in our specimens the median
lower labial scute is conspicuously longer than broad, without separating the pair
of small chin-shields. The largest of several individuals is 82 mm. long, of
which the tail takes 30mm. In the perfect state the tail is tapering, slightly
depressed at the base, annulated, covered with very small scales, and armed with
two longitudinal series of pointed projecting tubercles along the side, the upper
series being composed of the largest. Hach annulus is armed with one pair of
tubercles.
2. Stenodactylus sthenodactylus Licht.
3. Tropiocolotes tripolitanus Ptrs.
4. Varanus griseus Daud.
5. Acanthodactylus scutellatus aureus subsp. nov.
A considerable number of this species were collected, and therefore it seems to
be the most common Lizard in this district. Specimens of this widely distributed
species differ greatly in the form of the snout. Although the snout is generally
conspicuously narrower than in the allied A. pardalis, individuals do occur,
especially in the eastern localities, in which the snout is almost as wide as, and
not much longer than, in typical A. pardalis. The greatest degree of attenuation
has been attained by the snout of specimens from the westernmost limit of the
( 299 )
range of the species. In Morocco and Western Algeria no individuals are found
with a broad snout. Sometimes the snout is so much compressed that the canthi
rostrales are slightly concave, instead of straight lines.
In all the specimens which I have examined from localities from Syria to
Algeria, the series of upper labials (to below the centre of the orbit) is composed
of five, and exceptionally six, scutes ; whilst in the specimens from the western
limits of the range of the species, this number is reduced to four by the coalescence
of the two posterior scutes, one very long scute bordering the lip below the anterior
A, s. aureus, Typical form.
half of the eye. Coalescence or division of labial shields is in Lizards of such
common occurrence that taxonomic value is scarcely ever attached to it. Yet it
seems to be worthy of notice that of more than thirty specimens from the Rio
de Oro, and of several from Southern Algeria (Lataste coll.), every one has an
undivided fourth labial; whilst in all from more western localities I have found
that shield divided into two subequal halves. To draw attention to this peculiarity
I have named the western form aureus.
6. Macroprotodon cucullatus.
Three specimens, agreeing in having 19 rows of scales, and in being nearly
uniformly coloured, with very small spots on the back, and unspotted abdomen.
7. Psammophis schokari Forsk.
8. Coelopeltis monspessulana Herm.
( 300 )
ON A SMALL COLLECTION OF MAMMALS FROM THE RIO
DE ORO, WESTERN SAHARA.
By OLDFIELD THOMAS.
Y the kindness of the authorities of the Tring Museum, I have been entrusted
with the examination of a small collection of mammals obtained by Herr
Riggenbach at Rio de Oro, a most interesting locality situated just on the
Tropic of Cancer, on the western coast of the Sahara.
With the exception of the four species recorded * by Martinez in 1886 from the
same district, no mammals have ever been described from within many hundred
miles of this place, and it is therefore not surprising that I have had to give new
names to all three of the determinable small species in the collection.
1. Canis anthus F. Cuy.
36, July 10th and 24th, 1902.
These specimens are valuable as being more nearly typical of the Senegal
jackal described by F, Cuvier than the North African examples which have usually
had to do duty as ‘such.
2. Mellivora spec.
3, August 3rd, 1902.
Young. May be JL. leuconota, Sclater.
3. Eliomys lerotinus occidentalis subsp. nov.
2, July 29th, 1902. Type.
A pallid form, with a black, white-tipped tail.
Size about as in lerotinus. General body-colour above pale grey, with but
slight suffusion of fulvous, which disappears altogether on the sides. Cheeks
and undersurface creamy white, well defined laterally. Face-markings normal,
strong, and well defined, but somewhat restricted in area. Forehead whitish grey,
as pale as in LZ. melanurus. Wands and feet pure white. Tail slender, little bushy ;
greyish for its basal half-inch only, then quite black above and below until the end,
where there is a short, pure white tip.
Skull as usual; palatal foramina smaller, bullae shorter but rather more
inflated than in true lerotinus. ,
Dimensions of the type, measured in skin :—
Head and body, 112 mm. ; tail, 91; hindfoot, s.u., 28; ear (dry), 20.
Skull, greatest length, 33 mm.; basilar length, 25 ; zygomatic breadth, 18° ;
palatal foramina, 4 x 2°5 ; length of bulla, 10; length of upper molar series, 5°1.
* Ann. Soc, Esp. xv. p. 522, 1886,
( 301 )
This dormouse, curiously enough, has more resemblance to the /. lerotinus
tunetae Thos., of Tunis, than to the typical 2. lerotinus from the intermediate
locality of Mzab, Saharan Algeria, for it has an even more completely black tail
than the former; but its body-colour is more as in the pale Saharan form.
The “ Bifa lerotina” recorded by Martinez is no doubt the present animal.
4. Gerbillus riggenbachi spec. noy.
5 36, July 12th to August Ist, 1902.
1 ?, July 15th, 1902.
A representative of G. pyramidum, but smaller, and with a whiter and less
pencilled tail.
General colour above as usual, light sandy buffy, rather paler even than in
G. pyramidum tarabuli Thos., and nearly matching the clearest examples of
G. gerbillus. Belly snowy white, extending fairly high up on sides, where the
buff-tipped flank hairs are also white at base. Sides of muzzle, cheeks, orbital
rings and ear-patches, white, less sharply defined, owing to the general pallor, than
usual. Hands and feet white and hairy below, as usual, a small portion only of
the posterior soles naked. Tail apparently rather short for the group, but, as no
measurements have been taken, the exact length cannot be given. In colour it is
whitish buffy above, lightening terminally, and pure white below; hairs of pencil
little developed, and with scarcely a trace of the usual darkening on the upperside.
Skull distinctly of the more elongate, rat-like proportions of that of
G. pyramidum, not as in G. gerbillus. Compared with the former it is, however,
smaller, with narrower molars (7 1:6 mm. broad) and decidedly smaller bullae.
Dimensions of the type, measured in skin, and merely approximate :—
Head and body, 101 mm. ; tail, 132 ; hindfoot, s.u., 30; ear, 13.
Skull, greatest length, 31 mm. ; basilar length, 33 ; zygomatic breadth, 16-2 ;
length of nasals, 12; interorbital breadth, 65 ; breadth of braincase, 14 ; diastema,
8-5; length of upper molar series, 4; bulla, 10°2 x 5:3.
Type: old male, “ Mouse No. 6,” collected July 29th, 1902.
The species of this group are all very nearly allied, and present few tangible
characters, but G. riggenbachi, while most closely allied to G. pyramidum, seems to
be readily distinguishable by its smaller size, paler and less tufted tail, and smaller
bullae.
». Dipodillus spec.
3, June 17th, 1902.
Too young for determination. Allied to D. dodsoni Thos.
6. Lepus harterti spec. nov.
%, July 29th, 1902. Type.
Allied to L. tunetae de Wint.,” but lighter coloured throughout.
Size and proportions about as in L. tunetae, though the ears are rather shorter.
General colour of back very pale, something between “cream-buff” and “ pinkish
y pale, g
buff” of Ridgway. Sides scarcely paler and without any fulvous band along the
gway y g
* Ann, Mag. N. H. (7) i. p. 157. 1898.
( 302 )
edges of the belly, which is pure white throughout. Chin white; throat-band
greyish cream-buff. Crown of head like back, therefore much lighter than in
L. tunetae; sides of muzzle, orbital rings and a patch between eye and ear, white.
Nape-patch a delicate buffy vinaceous, rather paler than in ¢unetae. Front surface
of back of ear cream-bnuff, edged with white, or cream-white to the tip, the narrow
black terminal edging only beginning beyond the tip, where on the hind surface of
the ear-back there is a small blackish patch. In L. tunetae, about an inch at the
end of the front margin is black-edged. Hairs of inner surface of ear creamy white.
Limbs pale pinkish buff, very different to the fulvous of the forearms and lower
legs of tunetae; hands and feet cream-buff, the longer hairs under the fingers and
toes deep ochraceous-buff. Tail black above, white below and on the sides.
Dimensions of the type, measured in skin :—
Head and body 410 mm. ; tail, 70 ; hindfoot, s.u., 93; ear, from notch 101,
from base at back, 115.
This hare is a desert species of the L. twnetae type, and may be distinguished
from that animal by its paler colour, especially its paler head, and the absence of
the fulvous tones on the limbs and sides of the belly.
I have named it in honour of my friend Ernst Hartert, who induced Mr.
Riggenbach to make a trip to the Rio de Oro for the Tring Museum, and to whom
I have been so often indebted for introductions to possible mammal-collectors,
and for many other kindly services.
7. Gazella dorcas L.
3, (Skull).
9, July 2nd, 1902.
( 303 )
ON THE SCORPIONS, SOLIFUGAE, AND A TRAPDOOR
SPIDER, COLLECTED BY REV. HENRI A. JUNOD,
AT SHILOUVANE, NEAR LEYDSDORP,* IN
THE TRANSVAAL.
By W. F. PURCELL, Pu.D.,
First Assistant in the South African Museum, Capetown.
N interesting collection of Transvaal Arachnida was recently submitted to me
for examination by Mr. H. Junod. The collection contained specimens of
Scorpions, Pseudoscorpions, Opiliones, Solifugae, and Araneae, and of these the
Scorpions, Solifugae, and Trapdoor Spiders are here enumerated, and the new species
described.
Orper SCORPIONES.
The scorpions found belong to five different species, one of them not previously
recorded from the Transvaal.
1. Uroplectes triangulifer Thor.
29 %and1juv. These specimens closely resemble the Johannesburg form of
the species (described in Ann. S. Afr. Mus. vy. 2. p. 187. 1901), but differ slightly in
the coloration, the tibia of the pedipalps being infuscated in the distal two-fifths
only, while the femora of the legs are entirely yellow. Ex. in the South African
Museum.
2. Uroplectes formosus Poc.
1 ex. This species has not hitherto been recorded from the Transvaal.
3. Opisthhopthalmus glabrifrons Peters.
283,2 29%, and 2juv. ?¢. These specimens, which are of a large size, have
the eyes placed far forward, and closely resemble those described by me in a previous
paper (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v. 1. p. 161, under @). Ex. in the South African Museum.
4. Cheloctonus jonesi Poc.
33,2 ?9%,and4juy. In the South African Museum.
5. Opisthacanthus validus Thor.
tae
* The Station of Shilouvane, belonging to the Swiss Evangelical Mission, is at the foot of the Drakens.
berg Range, near Kranzkop, in the low country of St. Pietersburg, about 2000 feet high, on a little hill not
far from the Selati River.—H. A. Junod.
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Orver SOLIFUGAE.
Four species of this order were found, all belonging to the genus Solpuga
Licht. Of these, one is new to the Transvaal, two are undescribed, and the fourth
is too young to be identified.
1. Solpuga sericea Poc.
1 3S. This species was hitherto known only from Rhodesia.
2. Solpuga spiralicornis spec. nov.
Several specimens (dd, ? and juy.) Type in the South African Museum.
3%. Very closely allied to S. serraticornis Pure. (Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v. 1
p. 409. fig. 16 and 16a, 1899), but distinguishable as follows :—
Flagellum of g, when seen from the side, resembling that of serraticornis, but
differing, when viewed from above, in being much more strongly ontcurved posteriorly,
and in having the distal sinus in the form of a half-spiral curve, instead of lying in a
vertical plane ; moreover the bluntly serrated edge is very short or quite obsolete,
A
Fig, 1.—Svlpuga spiralicornis spec. nov. Right chelicera of @ scen from outer side (A), and from
dorsal side (B).
being confined, when distinguishable, to the outer side of the distal part of the spiral
sinus, and not continued distally along the dorsal edge.
Colour much as in serraticornis, but the abdominal tergites are more or less
yellowish, except along the median line and all round the edges, where they are
blackened. The soft skin at the sides of the abdomen is narrowly blackened above
in the gd, but broadly in the 2. The under surface is pale yellowish.
Length (including chelicerae) of ¢ 37—41 mm.,? 14 mm. ; width of carapace
in largest ¢ 10} mm., ? 9 mm. ; length of pedipalps (excluding coxa), ¢ 48 mm.,
? 274 mm.
3. Solpuga junodi spec. nov.
Several specimens (dd and ? 2). Type in the South African Museum,
S. Colour of head and limbs yellowish; tarsus and apex of metatarsus of
pedipalps black, the rest of the metatarsus sometimes brown above ; legs blackened
distally, the fourth pair reddish and (although much rubbed) evidently provided with
a mane of long pale yellowish hairs; six anterior tergites of abdomen brownish
yellow, blackened laterally, the posterior tergites quite black ; soft skin on sides
pale yellowish, covered with creamy white silky hairs, only the extreme upper edges
being blackened ; sternites of abdomen pale yellowish, broadly blackened at the
sides.
Upper finger of chelicerae short and straight, curved only at the apex, the
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terminal fang long and strong, the two distal teeth large, strongly laterally com-
pressed and sublaminate, appearing broadly conical when seen from the side, and
placed about midway between the apex and the large basal tooth of the single
series ; the latter tooth with a tiny (sometimes obsolete) tooth in front at base ; inner
part of dorsal surface deeply grooved, the groove bordered on the inner side by
a high keel, the greater or distal part of the groove free, the flagellum occupying
only the basal part.
Lower finger of chelicerae with three upright teeth close together near the base ;
the outer side provided in the middle with a strong tubercular crest, as in S. hostilis
(White).
Basal enlargement of flagellum large, rounded above posteriorly, with high
dorsal keel ; procurrent portion of flagellum short, recurving
between the two distal teeth; recurrent portion curving es S)
slightly and ending just behind the basal enlargement, its ZF
upper surface flattened, grooved posteriorly, its apex slender Zo
and pointed.
Pedipalps stout, the three distal segments with numerous
truncated cylinder-bristles below.
?. Upper finger of chelicerae with only one inter- fre, 2,—Solpuga junodi
mediate tooth. First abdominal sternite strongly produced — spec. noy. Right cheli-
at the median hinder angles into a pair of broadly rounded — & 3" tie Seton outer
lobes. Underside of tibia of pedipalps with very few ;
truncated bristles, the upperside of this segment, like that of the metatarsus,
thickly covered with short, dark brown, cylindrical bristles.
Total length, d 26 mm., ? 27 mm.; width of carapace, d 6 mm., 2 6} mm.;
length of tibia of pedipalp, d 7 mm., ? 54 mm.
The dentition is peculiar on account of the absence ot a large gap in the single
series of the upper finger, although the species is evidently related to S. hostilis
(White), which it resembles in the general coloration, the presence of a mane on the
hindlegs and particularly the presence of the strong outer crest on the lower finger
of the chelicerae.
Orprr ARANDAE.
Amongst the Araneae was one Trapdoor Spider of the family Ctenizidae, and
belonging to a genus not previously recorded from the Transvaal. This species is
described here, but the rest of the spiders have not been identified.
Heligmomerus caffer spec. nov.
1 2 (somewhat damaged).
Colour of carapace and limbs reddish brown, the underside more yellowish.
Length of carapace (measured across posterior lateral eyes) equal to that of
the tibia, metatarsus and two-thirds of the tarsus of fourth leg. Ocular area nearly
one-half wider than long, its width considerably less than the length of the first
metatarsus ; frontal eyes the largest of the eight, transversely oval, placed on
separate tubercles and looking slightly outwards and downwards, their distance
apart about three-quarters of their own diameter ; anterior median eyes of the
second group much smaller than the frontal eyes and less than a diameter apart,
( 306 )
the quadrangle formed by these four eyes abont as long as its anterior width, which
greatly exceeds the posterior width ; posterior row of eyes straight, the median
eyes almost round, their distance apart at least double their distance from the lateral
eyes, which are obliquely oval and a little smaller than the anterior laterals.
Tibia of third lez much shorter than the patella and provided on each side
above with a group of stout spinules, that on the posterior side broadly triangular
and occupying more than the distal third of the segment. Patella with five to six
stout distal spinules above on posterior side; the anterior side with a row of
them, expanding into a rastellum at distal end.
Labium with five distal teeth.
Abdomen too shrivelled for description.
Length of carapace, 94 mm. ; width of ocular area, 2 mm.
SOME NEW COSSIDAE FROM QUEENSLAND, BRED BY
MR. F. P. DODD.
By tHe Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D.
1. Xyleutes doddi spec. nov.
3 ?. Body above and forewing olive grey. Antenna wood-brown, pectinations
nearly black on the upperside. Mesonotum of ¢ with two narrow black lines
converging in front. Abdominal tergites (except distal ones) with ill-defined,
broad, hair-brown bands, which in ? occupy nearly the whole tergites. Underside
of body olivaceous grey. Tarsi brown, segments tipped with white.
Wings, upperside. Forewing : very densely irrorated with a network of
mouse-grey lines all over; a conical spot before SM?, about 5 mm. long, situated
beyond the middle of SM?; an indistinct spot or patch in front of the conical spot,
but a little more proximal, contiguous with it; a third spot at lower angle of cell;
an indication of a postdiscal series of spots ; blackish mouse-grey marginal dots
distinct ; the lines in proximal half of wing partly more prominent and longer than
those in outer half—Hindwing: white in d, dark drab-grey in $ ; fringe with
indistinct brown dots, longer scales of fringe white.
Underside. Forewing: ground-colour rather darker than above; conical
spot absent. Hindwing of 3 as above, but costal edge grey; fringe white,
with distinct dots; of 2 similar to forewing, irrorated with mouse-grey in outer
half.
Neuration: BR} of forewing close to cellule; R? and R* from a point. D1 of
hindwing one-half (or less) longer than D?; D* less than half the length of D*.
Length of forewing: ¢,33 mm.; ?, 55 mm.
Hab. Townsville, Queensland, September and October.
One pair.
Type: d, October.
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2. Xyleutes striga spec. nov.
3%. Body above and forewing olivaceous white-grey. Antenna wood-brown
beneath, pectinations nearly black above. Mesonotum of both sexes with two
black lines, anteriorly converging. Abdominal tergites shaded with mouse-grey
in g. Midtibia and midtarsal segments black, slightly tipped with grey, the other
tarsi rather paler and more extended grey. Breast shaded with brown, darker
than nota.
Wings, upperside. Forewing: basal two-fifths of costal margin shaded
with black in d, marked with six to eight black bars, which partly extend into cell ;
apical half of costal margin with five or six black dots ; a conspicuous black streak
in front of SM’, curved forward to M? or M!, and continued costad by a nebulous
band ; the streak narrows slightly proximally and does not reach the base of the
wing ; the area between this streak and M rather paler than the rest of the wing,
especially in d ; there are traces of a postdiscal series of spots, but there is no
network of lines in the outer half of the wing ; black marginal dots conspicuous.
Hindwing: creamy-grey in d, more olivaceous grey in $, without markings in
either sex, excepting the black marginal dots.
Underside of both wings olivaceous grey—Forewing : costal spots black,
conspicuous, small, restricted to the edge of wing.
Neuration: R' of forewing from the cellule, R? and R? close together. D* of
hindwing about half the length of D'.
Length of forewing: ¢, 30—33 mm.; ¢, 31—41 mm.
Hab. Townsville, Queensland, September and October.
Two pairs.
Type: &, October.
3. Kyleutes molitor spec. nov.
3. Body and wings greyish white, distinctly creamy. Palpus blackish or
brown at the sides. Antenna buff, scaling white. Mesothorax of ¢ marked on the
back with two narrow black lines, which converge in front. Abdominal tergites
and metanotum with very faint traces of interrupted black bands in ¢. Tarsi
slightly ringed with brown.
Wings, upperside. Forewing : markings mouse-grey, far less conspicuous
than in pulchra and lichenea, appearing washed out; there are about sixteen costal
dots between base and apex, the distal ones more widely apart than the proximal
ones, especially in ? ; a subbasal patch situated between C and SM? monse-grey,
connected in front and at M with an irregular patch which expands between the
same veins and which is distally produced costad and apicad to near the subcostal
veins ; these mouse-grey patches include between themselves a creamy grey patch
devoid of dark markings situated between M and SM? a little proximally of the -
middle of SM?, and one or two similar but less conspicuous patches in the cell ;
a mouse-erey postdiscal spot or a macular band from SC? obliquely backwards ;
outer half of wing with a faint network of lines, scarcely noticeable in ¢ ; a stripe
of more distinct network before hinder margin from near base beyond middle ;
dark mouse-grey fringe-dots distinct. Hindwing: nearly pure white in d, grey
in 2; there are no markings, except a series of mouse-grey or blackish fringe-spots,
which extend a little along the veins.
21
( 308 )
Underside paler than upper; the markings of the forewing much less distinct
than above.
Neuration: R} of forewing well separated from cellule. D* of hindwing nearly
as long as D‘.
Length of forewing: ¢, 25—27 mm.; $, 30—35 mm.
Hab. Townsville, Queensland, September and October.
Four pairs.
Type: 6, October.
4. Xyleutes eluta spec. nov.
&. Similar to X. molitor. Upperside of body white-grey, slightly cinereous,
not creamy. Antenna dark wood-brown. Black lines of mesonotum distinct.
Markings of forewing greyish black, deeper in tint than in molitor, but less deep
than in pulchra; four costal bars in basal two-fifths, followed in distal half of
costal margin by a number of small dots ; an angulate transverse spot between
M? and SM? conspicuous, deeper black than the other markings ; in front of this
spot there is an elongate spot M'—M?’, preceded by some indistinct spots situated
between R! and R°, and by an indistinct elongate patch in the cell; a postdiseal
nebulous band extends from near apex to discal spots; marginal dots distinet.—
Hindwing olivaceous white-grey, with vestigial marginal dots.
Underside pale olivaceous grey, without markings, except in faint costal dots
on forewing, and the marginal dots.
Neuration: Ri of forewing close to cellule; R? and R* shortly stalked
together. D! of hindwing less than one-third of D?; D® less than one-fourth of D*.
Length of forewing: ?, 36 mm.
Hab. Brisbane district.
One ¢.
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SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS.
By rue Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D.
NYMPHALIDAE.
1. Hypocysta leucomelas spec. nov.
3. Body olive-black, shaded with grey. Antenna ochraceous beneath, Wings
sooty black above and below.
Upperside.——Forewing without markings, shorter and more rounded than in
HT. osyris ; SC? stalked with SC***; cell broad, D* less than half the length of
partition M'—M? of M, more oblique than in osyr?s——Hindwing : a broad white
band from SC? to abdominal margin, gradually and slightly widening behind, its
proximal edge straight, crossing M midway between base and M’, its outer edge
evenly convex, not at all angulate, crossing R* near base ; the wing more rounded
than in osyris, the abdominal margin decidedly shorter.
Underside. Forewing as above. Hindwing : white band a little narrower
than above ; distal area with two metallic plumbeous lines, one proximal, the other
distal, connected behind M?, interrupted anteriorly ; between these lines the wing
is dark clay-colour, and.there are four blue dots in this area, besides one large
circular eye-spot, which is situated in cellule R*—M’, but extends beyond both
these veins; the eye-spot black, encircled by a pale ochraceous line and centred
with a tiny white dot.
Length of forewing, 16 mm.
Hab. Aroa R., British New Guinea (Weiske).
One o.
2. Hypanartia splendida spec. nov.
3. Frons and sides ef sterna tawny ; upperside of thorax black, clothed with
green hairs, abdomen olive-black ; tibiae and tarsi luteous ; palpi grey.
Wings, upperside, rufous orange.——Forewing: a bar at apical third of cell,
a discal band outside cell, including vitreous spots, a postdiscal curved band of bars
from costal margin to R*, and a submarginal line parallel to distal margin, black ;
costal edge from cell to apex of wing shaded with black ; cross-veins thinly black ;
vitreous spots four in number, the upper three close together, the second the largest
of them, spot 4 between M! and M2, the largest of all; base of wing shaded with
olive-black like base and abdominal area of hindwing; distal margin angulate
between SC’ and R}, strongly and evenly rounded from M! backwards. Hindwing :
upper angle shallowly sinuate, distal margin rounded from SC? down to R’*, posterior ,
area from R* backwards strongly produced distad, the tail 13 mm. long measured
at anterior edge, only 9 mm, measured behind; a discal band, as prolongation of
( 310 )
that of forewing, running from costal margin towards anal angle, narrowing behind ;
a postdiscal band of heavy bars from SC? to R* and again from R* to (SM°), this
posterior half of the band situated farther distad, touching with its upper end the
submarginal line ; this line parallel to distal margin and extending into tail, which
is nearly entirely brown-black ; the bands and line black; fringe of both wings
brown-black ; anal angle with some bluish scaling.
Underside : basal half of forewing and a marginal band from apex to angle
R1—R?, and a triangular basal costal area on hindwing extending to discal line and
to middle of cell, orange-ochraceous ; rest of wings chestnut, marked with grey —
Forewing : vitreous spots as above ; cell with a subbasal and a median double bar,
each more or less composed of rings, and a simple subapical bar ; upon cross-veins
there is also an irregular double bar, and the vitreous spots are edged respectively with
black and brown ; the bars vestigial behind cell; in outer half of wing there is a
postdisca] line corresponding to that of upperside, but continued to near hinder margin
and less distinct ; submarginal line thin, irregularly dentate between the veins.
Hindwing ; a double bar in cell composed of rings, continued costad, but less
distinct before cell ; traces of other bars in the ochraceous orange area; a black
double line straight across the wing, beginning at costal margin close to apex of C
and ending close to anal angle, where it meets longitudinal abdominal bars ;
postdiscal band in position as above, less distinct; upper portion of submarginal
line not distinct, followed by traces of an admarginal line, posterior portion of
submarginal line broad ; the interspaces between the lines more or less filled up
by pinkish grey lines or shades.
Length of forewing, 28 mm.
flab. Peru; no more precise locality given.
Two ocd.
3. Charaxes harmodius infernus subsp. noy.
3. Upperside similar to that of Ch. harmodius martinus from Sumatra ; the
black submarginal patch (SM')—SM? of the forewing smaller, the brown postdiscal
lunules SC’—R? very thin.
Underside intermediate in colour between that of Ch. harmodius martinus and
Ch. harmodius harpagon, paler than in the former and deeper in tint than in the
latter ; the white edges of the bars a little more distinct than in harm. harpagon,
but much less prominent than in harm. martinus and harm. harmodius.
Hab. Borneo: region of the sources of the Mahakam R.
One 6, received from Herr Fruhstorfer.
4. Charaxes castor comoranus subsp. nov.
?. Diseal band of fore- and hindwing and postdiscal spots of forewing, on
upperside, as deep ochraceous as in dark West African males; submarginal spot
C—SC? of hindwing obsolete.
On underside, the interspace between the bars of basal half of fore- and
hindwing olive-black; median bars D’—M? of forewing narrow, strongly anguli-
form; discal spot R!—R? only one-third the size of spot M'—M’; ochraceous
postdiscal spots separated from the olive-black ones and from one another, patch
(311 )
M’—SM? quite as distinct as in West African specimens. Chestnut band of hind-
wing separated into patches, area between these patches and black submarginal
bars almost entirely grey, the zigzag line being widened and not sharply defined ;
pale ochreous admarginal spots larger than in the two Continental subspecies.
Hab. Great Comoro I.
One ?.
5. Eulepis pyrrhus watubela subsp. nov.
3. Similar to E. pyrrhus heianus, but differs as follows : creamy cell-spot of
upperside of forewing separate from patch R'—M!'; blue discal scaling of hindwing
more extended ; black discal bar R*—M! of underside of forewing not continuous
with and not in the same direction as the bar upon the cross-veins ; ochreous
admarginal spots of hindwing larger.
Hab. Kissoei, Watubela, March 1901 (H. Kiihn).
One o.
SATURNIIDAR.
6. Antheraea jana platessa subsp. noy.
3. Forewing broader than in the insular forms, the discal crenate line very
distinct and separate from the brown median shadowy band; yellow line of eye-
spot obsolete. Costal angle and distal margin of hindwing much more strongly
rounded than in the other forms. On the underside, the white line of the eye-
spots conspicuous, the antemedian line sharply marked, especially on the hindwing,
and the postdiscal spots of the hindwing obsolete, excepting spot C—SC’, which
is conspicuous, being black.
Hab. Bassein, Burma.
One oc.
7. Antheraea jana fusca subsp. nov.
?. Fuscous, darker in tint than the Javanese and Burmese forms. Crenulate
discal line of forewing nearly completely merged together with the shadowy median
band, the line being dilated to large patches which are separated from the band
only by a slightly paler interspace; the line situated at the distal side of tne
crenulated one strongly marked, straight, being very slightly undulate in upper
half. On the hindwing both these lines distinct (?). Eye-spots large, vitreous
centre large on forewing, small on hindwing ; rings composing the spots of the
same colour as inthe dd of the other forms of jana. On the underside, the median
band narrow, the postdiscal series of spots distinct on both wings. Anterior legs
rofescent.
Hab. Kuching, North Borneo,
Two ? ¢.
( 312 )
ARCTIIDAE.
8. Zygaenopsis rubiana spec. noy.
Body black, underside of abdomen ochreous ; legs black, or part of underside
of hindleg ochreous. Wings as in sa/omonis, forewing a little more elongate and the
veins slightly more black.
Hab. Kulambangra, New Georgia, Solomon Is., March (Messrs. Meek &
Hichhorn).
Two 3d, one ¢.
9. Clerckia fulvia trigona subsp. noy.
é. Forewing, above, with extremely narrow black border, which widens a little
at and near hinder angle; black border of hindwing 4 mm. wide at SC’, strongly
narrowing anad, extended along abdominal margin to base.
Hab. Aroa R., British New Guinea (Weiske).
Two dd.
A COLLECTION OF FLEAS RECEIVED FROM BARON
CARLO VON ERLANGER AND MR. OSCAR NEUMANN.
(late V.)
By tHe Hon. N. CHARLES ROTHSCHILD, M.A., F.L.S.
ESSRS. Ernancer and Nevumany, on their joint expedition to Arabia,
Somaliland, and Ethiopia, secured one hundred and fifty fleas of at least
five species. A detailed list of the collection is appended to this article. Of these
five species, two are undoubtedly new, and are here described for the first time.
Forty-nine of the specimens have been provisionally identified as Pulew felis,
though they may eventually prove to be distinct from that insect. The single
representative of the genus Sarcopsylla has not been specifically determined, owing
toa lack of suitable material for comparison, which other collectors, it is hoped,
will supply in the near future.
i. * Pulex regis spec. nov.
(PLY. figs. 1.8. 4,,7.9;)
This species is allied to P. cleopatrae,t but is somewhat larger, and has longer
hairs on the abdomen. The palpi and rostrum reach to the end of the forecoxa, the
former being longer than in cleopatrae. The proximal series of hairs on the epimernam
of the metathorax is irregular, two or three of the hairs being more proximal than
the others (fig. 1, epmt). The first tergite of the abdomen is clothed with a number
* The type specimen, a ¢@, is dated December 26th, 1899, and was taken from Meriones rex in
Southern Arabia.
t Znt. Mo. Mag. (2). xiv. p. 84 (1903).
( 313 )
of hairs, in addition to those of the postmedian row (fig. 1, ab’). The seventh tergite
bears one long and two very short hairs. The abdominal sternites of the male bear
two bristles, while those of the female have three or four. The longest apical
bristle of the foretibia on the ventral surface reaches beyond the base of the third
tarsal segment; that on the dorsal surface, however, reaches to the apex of the
segment. The first segment of the midtarsus is fully twice as long as it is broad.
The anterior part of the hindcoxa bears numerous long hairs, the comb on it
consisting of seven spines. The hindfemur is completely rounded ventrally near
the base, and not angulate. It bears two subventral bristles near the apex on the
outer surface, and a subyentral series of five or six bristles on the inner surface.
The hindtibia (fig. 3) bears four pairs of bristles. The longer bristle of the fourth
pair, situated at the hinder edge of the tibia, reaches far beyond the apex of the
tibia. Of the subterminal pair, the longer bristle is as long as the tibia is broad
at the end, being much longer than in cleopatrae. The longer dorsal terminal
bristle reaches far beyond the tip of the first tarsal segment. The first segment
of the hindtarsus (fig. 3) is distinctly longer than the second. The fourth
segment is short, being scarcely double its own breadth. The longest terminal
bristle of the first segment of the hindtarsus reaches to the centre of the third
segment, while the longest terminal bristle of the second segment reaches beyond
the claw (fig. 3). The eighth sternite of the male bears one bristle situated beyond
the middle,-and another before the apex. The movable finger is rather large,
obtuse, and bears a number of bristles on its dorsal edge near the apex, and several
very long ones on its ventral edge (fig. 7, #). The ninth sternite (fig. 7, st)
is similar to that of P. cleopatrae. The internal plate of the penis (fig. 4) is broad,
straight above, somewhat rounded at the end. The eighth tergite of the female
(fig. 9) bears three long proximal bristles, which are about equidistant from one
another and the stigma. The eighth tergite also bears a series of five bristles
a very short distance from the apical edge, and six or seven bristles at the edge.
The subapical series is continued ventrally by three more bristles. In addition
to these three bristles, and on a level with the first of them, there are two more
proximal hairs.
Length: gd, 1:42 mm.; ?, 1°85 mm.
Messrs. Erlanger and Neumann secured nineteen specimens (nine dd and
ten $$?) of this species in South Arabia from Meriones rex on December 26th,
1899.
2. *Pulex isidis spec. nov.
(Pl. V. figs. 2. 5. 6. 8.)
The head of the male is horizontal above, but very strongly rounded in front.
That of the female, however, is almost evenly rounded from the mouth to the
hinder edge. The palpi are shorter than the rostrum, which reaches to the end
of the forecoxa, The epimerum of the mesosternum (fig. 2, eyms) bears four
bristles, one at the anterior edge below the middle, the second placed posteriorly
near the upper edge, and two very close together at the oblique hinder edge.
Of these last, the upper one is long, while the lower one is short. The epimeram
of the metathorax (fig. 2, eymf) bears four bristles near its hinder edge, the most
* The type specimen, a 4’, is dated November Ist, 1900, and was taken from Procavia erlangert at
Harar,
( 314 )
ventral of which is the longest. Besides these there is a fifth bristle placed
anteriorly of the fourth. The solitary bristle of the metasternum (fig. 2, més?) is
short. The first abdominal tergite has one row of bristles, there being no additional
bristles in front of it (fig. 2, ad’). The seventh tergite bears a stout apical bristle,
which is not longer than the most ventral bristle of the same tergite. This stout
bristle has on each side a minute hair. The mid- and hindcoxae are much longer
than they are broad. The hindcoxa is pear-shaped (fig. 2), the hinder (or meral)
part becoming gradually (not suddenly) narrower towards the apex. The comb
on the hindcoxa consists of from five to seven spines. Posteriorly at the apex
of the coxa there are two stout bristles of equal length. The hindfemur is not
angulate beneath near the base. It bears on the outer side two subventral bristles
near the apex, and on the inside a series of six or seven sublateral hairs. The
bristles of the tibiae and tarsi are short. The second segment of the midtarsus
is nearly twice the length of the first. The first segment of the hindtarsus is a
little over half the length of the hindtibia, and the third segment is longer than
the second. The longest apical spine of the second segment does not quite reach
to the apex of the third. The fourth segment is short and cup-shaped, being
broader than it is long, if the narrow basal portion be neglected. The eighth sternite
of the male bears three bristles, placed one behind the other in the apical half.
The clasper (fig. 6) consists of two slender processes, bearing hairs at their apices.
The upper process (a) is decidedly longer than the lower one (}). The ninth
sternite (fig. 6, s¢) is similar in shape to that of P. chephrinis. The internal plate
of the penis is broad from the base to the apex, the latter being obliquely rounded.
The eighth tergite of the female (fig. 8) bears two proximal bristles and a series
of about ten short hairs close to the edge and another series of smaller ones
at the edge.
Length, 1°85 mm.
Messrs. Erlanger and Neumann found sixty-seven specimens (twenty-three dd
and forty-four ¢) of this species in 1900 and 1901 near Harar. They were
collected from Procavia erlangeri, and probably also from Procavia brucei.
Deraitep List or THIS CoLLECTION OF FLEAS.
1. Pulex regis spec. nov.
Locality. Date. Host.
9 33 South Arabia. December 26th, 1899. Meriones rex.
10 ? ? ” ” » ” ” ” ”
2. Pulex isidis spec. nov.
19 9% Havrar November 1900. Procavia erlanger?.
15 od ” ” ” ” ”
29°F 5 March 12th, 1900. a .
Sichuan April 14th, 1901. s -
IB WEE ” ” ” ” ” ”
3. Pulex irritans.
4? 2 Berber. 1900. Canis familiaris.
Novitates Zoonocic# Vou. X.1903. PL.V.
3 LithAnsty.KWeaserJano
4. Pulex felis.
5 2? Harar. Mareh 11th, 1900. Canis familiaris.
5) 3 3 ” ” ” 7 ” ”
12 29? Daroli. February 22nd to March 13th, 1900. Ff :
12 ? ? ” ” ” ” ” ” ” ”
7 3 3 » ” ” ” ” ” ” ”
7 2? Wante May 19th, 1900. Canis mesomelas.
il 3 ? ? ” ”
5. Sarcopsylla ?
1 2 Wante May 19th, 1900 Canis mesomelas.
SOME NEW SPECIES OF MOTHS.
By DR. KARL JORDAN.
The following species were discovered by Mr. A. 8S. Meek in British New
Guinea, at and near the Upper Aroa River, from January to April 1903.
AGARISTIDAE.
1. Argyrolepidia aurea spec. nov.
3 ?. Head, thorax and wings black, with a couspicuous dark blue gloss in
side-light. A line on head along eye white, widest on frons, connected below frontal
tubercle with the line of the other side. Second segment of palpus with a white
line above and below. First segment of palpus and coxae buftish grey, the hairs
of the coxae long. Abdominal tergites and anal sternite cadmium-yellow, first
tergite and the sides of the sternites black, apical edges and middle of sternites
buffish grey.
Wings, upperside. Forewing with an orange band from middle of costa to
anal angle, the band just entering cell ; no metallic scales. Hindwing : a large
cadmium-yellow area from near costal to abdominal margin, widest behind, the
blue-black distal marginal band being only 2 mm. wide at (SM’).
Underside similar to upper, the patch of the hindwing smaller, and both the
band of the fore- and the patch of the hindwing pale cadmium-yellow.
Length of forewing, 20 mm.
A series.
GEOMETRIDAE.
2. Milionia macrospila spec. nov.
d. Head, thorax and upperside of wings black, without metallic gloss ; breast,
legs and underside olivaceous black.——Forewing, above, with a large white patch
in middle, ovate, narrowest in front, extending from SC to SM®* or beyond, and
99
“a
( 316 )
expanding from base of M® to a little beyond base of M’; another patch midway
between cell and apex of wing, extending from SC’ to R*, about one-third the size
of the median patch; a slaty transverse spot before anal angle, separated into
two spots ; a buff-yellow spot at hinder margin at basal fourth.—— Hindwing: a
very large chrome-yellow area from abdominal margin forward to SC* or beyond,
reaching base behind ; black distal marginal band 4 mm. wide at M’, attenuating
to a point beyond SM’.
Underside similar to upper.
9. Like ¢, but abdomen and yellow area of hindwing as well as spot at hinder
margin of forewing far less bright in tint, more buftish ochre-yellow ; hindwing with
a small black stigma.
Length of forewing, 38 mm.
A series.
3. Milionia paradisea spec. nov.
3 2. Bodyand basal third of wings greenish blue, very strongly glossy ; outer
two-thirds of wings blue-black. Forewing: an orange band from middle of
costal to hinder margin, slightly curved, crossing SM’ about 38 mm. from end; width
of band about 24 mm. in middle, not quite constant. Hindwing : a rose-red band
just outside cell, extending from R* to beyond SM’.
Underside like upper, outer two-thirds less blue and bands slightly paler.
Length of forewing, 25 mm.
A series.
NOVI ARLHS FOObhOGICA BR.
Vol. X. DECEMBER, 1903. No. 3.
FURTHER CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF
THE SIPHONAPTERA.
By tHE HON. N. C. ROTHSCHILD, M.A., F.L.S.
(Plates IX. X.).
1. Ceratophyllus terribilis spec. nov. (Pl. IX. fig. 1. 2. 3).
Head.— The head (fig. 1. d) is somewhat longer than it is broad, and bears a
row of short stout spine-like hairs between the upper end of the antennal groove
and the ventral corner of the frons. The frons is much more strongly curved in the
male than in the female. The hinder portion of the head is hairy above. It bears
also numerous short hairs at the sides above the antennal groove. A hair above the
hinder ventral corner, another in the middle above the antennal groove, and four
others situated in front of the eye are long and stout. The palpus is considerably
shorter than the rostrum.
Thorax.—The pronotal comb (fig. 1) consists of twenty-two teeth. The
mesonotum is densely clothed with numerons short hairs, in addition to the ordinary
row of bristles. The epimerum of the metathorax bears one bristle on its hinder
edge, and a row of three or four more situated immediately below the stigma. In
addition to these the epimerum bears a few scattered hairs on the proximal portion
of its surface.
Abdomen,—The first three abdominal tergites bear a small spine on each side.
The seventh tergite has on each side three apical bristles, two long and one short,
the latter being the most ventral of the three.
The abdominal sternites 2 to 7 have three hairs on each side.
Legs.—The anterior femur bears numerous fine hairs scattered over its outer
surface. The foretibia is short, and ventrally and dorsally rounded (in optical
section), the bristles on the dorsal edge being very numerous, but not long. The
first segment of the tarsus is about half as long as the tibia, with seven pairs of long
thin bristles on its dorsal edge.
The midtibia bears ten pairs of long thin bristles on its dorsal edge, and two
subdorsal rows of hairs on the outer surface and a number of ventral bristles as well.
The first segment of the midtarsus is half as long as the tibia and very densely
covered with hairs.
The posterior tibia bears on its outer side two subdorsal series of hairs and
numerous ventral bristles; on the inner side only one row of hairs is present,
The tibia, moreoyer, bears thirteen or fourteen pairs of bristles on the dorsal edge.
The first segment of the hindtarsus is about three-quarters the length of the tibia,
23
( 318 )
and is densely covered with fine hairs, as are all the tarsal segments. The second
segment is only half the length of the first segment, its longest apical bristle
not quite reaching the middle of the fourth segment. The fifth segment (exclusive
of claw) is a little longer than the third.
Modified Segments.*—In the male the eighth tergite bears at its hinder
edge twelve to fourteen long bristles, placed quite close together. The eighth
sternite is rounded and truncate at the end, with its upper corner produced into
a lobe, which is densely beset with long bristles at its edge (fig. 2). The ninth
tergite is very characteristic. The process of the clasper is acuminate, the
manubrium being strongly curved and obtuse at the end. The movable finger is a
little shorter than the process of the clasper, and somewhat shaped like a half-
crescent, being convex on the hinder and concave on the anterior or “ upper” side.
In the female the apical edge of the eighth tergite (fig. 3) is sinuate. The
number of bristles is not quite constant. There is one long solitary bristle beneath
the stigma. The three upper bristles situated near the apical edge are short and
stout. The eighth sternite bears one very small hair at the apex.
Length, 3°3 mm.
We received ten specimens of this interesting species from Mr. G. F. Dippie,
taken from Lagomys princeps :—
4 56, Canadian National Park, Alberta, Canada, July 26, 1899.
5 ¢ ?, ” ” ” ”
1 ?, Banff, Alberta, Canada, July 26, 1899.
” ” ”
2. Stephanocircus thomasi spec. nov.f (Pl. IX. fig. 4. 5).
Head.—The frontal portion of the head (fig. 4) is very long. It is again
separated into an upper part (H) corresponding to the “ helmet” of the other species
of Stephanocircus and into a lower or genal part (G). The upper part bears at its
ventral and posterior edges a series of heavy spiues (fig. 4). Night of these are
situated at the ventral edge. Of these spines, the first is situated apart from the
rest, the one spine at the angle being about twice as long as any of the other
spines. The three spines at the hinder edge are short, gradually decreasing in
length. There are no genal spines. The palpi are shorter than the rostrum, the
latter reaching beyond the apex of the forecoxa.
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of twenty-seven teeth. The epimeram of
the metathorax bears two vertical rows of hairs, consisting of three hairs each, and
in addition a single ventral hair.
Abdomen.—The first four tergites bear a comb consisting of 26, 22, 21 and
12 teeth respectively, the teeth standing close together. The seventh tergite has at
its apical edge on each side three or four long bristles, of which the second is the
longest and the most dorsal one the shortest. ;
The first abdominal sternite bears a curved row of about seven bristles on each
side, and a number of shorter hairs situated immediately in front of this row. The
third, fourth and fifth sternites have three or four bristles.
Legs.—The bristles of the legs are slender, those of the very slender tarsi being
also extremely short (fig. 5).
* The more posterior segments, that is to say, segments 8 to 10, of the majority of the
Siphonaptera, are considerably modified for sexual purposes, and are throughout the present article
described separately from the rest.
+ This species is named in honour of Mr. Oldfield Thomas, F'.R.8., the British Museum.
(319 )
The curved apical bristle of the hindfemur is shorter than the bristle similarly
placed on the anterior legs. The outer side of the hindtibia is very hairy (fig. 5).
The first and third dorsal pairs of bristles situated on the tibia (counting from the
apex) are more than half the length of the tibia. The first segment of the
hindtarsus is only one-fourth shorter than the tibia. The stont apical bristle of this
segment does not reach to the middle of the second segment. The fourth tarsal
segment is short, measuring scarcely twice its own breadth.
Modified Segments.—The eighth tergite (?) is angulate, bearing an irregular
series of apical bristles, and a further series of somewhat longer ones close to its
edge, besides two or three slender proximal bristles.
Length, 3-4 mm.
The type, a female, is uniqne, and was taken from Mus ferculinus Thos. on
Barrow Island, North-West Australia, in 1901, by J. Tunney, who was then
collecting for the Perth (West Australia) Museum.
3. Stephanocircus minerva spec. nov. (PI. IX. fig. 6. 7.).
The present species is closely allied to S. mars,* but is abundantly distinct from
it, differing in the following characters.
Head.—The posterior edge of the helmet-like portion of the head is densely
clothed with very short hairs. There are only five genal spines (fig. 6).
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of twenty—five teeth.
Abdomen.—The short triangular spines situated at the apical edges of the
first fonr abdominal tergites are much more numerous than in S. mars. The first
segment bears 11 such spines on the two sides taken together; the second, 12 ; the
third and fourth, 9 each; the fifth, 3; and the sixth, 2.
Legs.—The femur of the present species lacks the row of lateral bristles on its
inner side. There are a number of bristles, however, situated near its apex. These
subapical bristles are fewer in number than those similarly placed in S. mars. In
S. mars the longest dorsal apical bristle of the hindtibia reaches to the apex of the
first tarsal segment ; in the present species this bristle is quite a third shorter
(fig. 7). The corresponding bristle of the fore- and midtibiae are also much shorter
in the present species than in S. mars. The hindeoxa bears both in S. mars and in
this species a comb similar to that present in the genus Pulex. It may possibly be
of interest to note that in the Australian species t just described (8. thomas?) this
comb is absent. The coxae too are more elongate in S. thomasi.
Modified Segments.—The eighth tergite (?) of the present species is more
rounded at the apex, and bears many more bristles than that of S. mars.
Length, 3°2 mm.
We received two female specimens of this species from Mr. William Foster
taken from Didelphysazarae, near Sapucay, Paraguay, in 1901.
4. Ceratopsylla insignis spec. nov. (PI. IX. fig. $—12).
Head.—The flaps of the head are not narrowed at their apices. There is
a very long bristle situated on the hinder part of the head, immediately above
the antennal groove. Three short bristles, with a few more situated in front of
* Nov. Zoo, vy. p. 544. t. 14.f. 11 (3 ) (1898).
+ In the Australian Stephanocireus dasywrae Skuse, this comb is also absent. We have one 9? of
S. dasywrae found at Williams, West Australia, on Bettongia penicillata,
( 320 )
them, are placed at the ventral angle of the hinder portion of the head immediately
behind the antennal groove. The bristles on the posterior portion of the head
are numerous.
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of thirty-six teeth. The mesonotum
bears on each side, before the apex, two slender teeth. On the metathorax
there is a “comb” (fig. 8, C), which is not homologous to the combs found
on other species of Siphonaptera, being a development from the subapical row
of long bristles found in these insects. This is clearly demonstrated by the
thoracic and abdominal combs of the present species gradually merging into the
ordinary bristles of that series, as is shown in the figure. The lateral teeth of
this “false” comb do not stand at the edges of the segments; the shorter and
more central teeth, however, have acquired this position in consequence of the
apical margins of the segments being dorsally sinuate. The teeth of the meta-
thoracic comb are much less modified than those composing the combs of the
first four abdominal tergites. The epimerum of the metathorax bears a number
of bristles. One of these is situated behind the stigma. Three more are placed
at the hinder edge, of which the upper two are nearly of the same length, while
the third is shorter and thinner. In addition to these, there are seven or eight
more bristles, as shown in the figure.
Abdomen.—On the first seven tergites, combs similar to that on the meta-
thorax. are present. The modification of the bristles into a comb-like structure is
least advanced on the sixth and seventh tergites, where only two to four bristles
have become shortened and thickened. ‘These bristles do not stand exactly at the
edge of the segments, the small sinus not being sufficiently deep. The number
of teeth in the abdominal false combs varies considerably in individuals. The
comb on the first tergite consists of from ten to twelve teeth. The number of
teeth present in the abdominal combs gradually decreases. The first three tergites
bear two irregular series of hairs, in addition to the posterior row of long bristles ;
the remaining tergites, however, bear only one row of short hairs, besides the
long ones of the posterior row. The seventh tergite in both sexes bears one long
apical bristle on each side, sitnated on a cone.
The third, fourth, fifth and sixth sternites of the male bear from three to four
bristles on each side, while the seventh segment bears a row of from seven to
nine. In the female these hairs are considerably longer, and occasionally more
numerous.
Legs.—The posterior femur bears four subapical bristles, two of which are
lateral and two subventral. There are three pairs of bristles on the ventral side
near the base. The hindtibia is clothed on the outer side with two rows of hairs,
and bears, in addition, a number of shorter ones situated more ventrally.
Modified Segments.—The eighth tergite of the male is sinuate below the
stigma, and produced upwards behind this sinus into a broad lobe (fig. 9). This
lobe bears three long bristles, and there are in addition a number of marginal
hairs above these bristles. The ventral distal edge of the segment is minutely
serrate. The eighth sternite (fig. 11) is somewhat sole-shaped, and bears numerous
short hairs. On the inner side there are brushes of long hairs similar to the brushes
found in the following insect. Of the clasping organs the broad process P (fig. 10)
is very conspicuous on account of the six or seven long bristles situated in a row
at its apex. The finger (I) is square, and its upper proximal corner is produced
into a short conical process, bearing a short spine near the tip.
( 321 )
The eighth tergite of the female, as seen in the mounted specimen, is
represented by fig. 12. The hairs are numerous.
Length 2°9 mm.
We received twelve specimens, 3 male and 9 female, of this interesting species
from Mr. G. F. Dippie. They were taken from Myodes lucifugus on July 2nd,
1900, near Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
5. Ceratopsylla wolffsohni spec. nov. (Pl. IX. fig. 13; Pl. X. fig. 14—16).
Head.—The anterior part of the head is shorter, and the second frontal flap
slenderer, than in C. znstgnis. The head in other respects is similar to the head
of that species. .
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of from twenty-seven to twenty-nine
teeth. The mesonotum has two slender bristle-like teeth on each side before
the apex. On the metanotum there are laterally at the edge two short strongly
chitinised teeth. Above these the seement is sinuate, so that the bristles of the
subapical series become apical (fig. 13), resembling a comb as in insignis. The
epimerum of the metathorax has two or three proximal hairs, a longer hair
behind the stigma, another still longer placed farther down, and two more at
the hinder edge (fig. 13).
Abdomen.—The first abdominal tergite resembles the metanotum in structure.
The dorsal apical bristles, however, are still more tooth-like. On the other tergites
the long bristles remain normal in position and length. The fourth, fifth and
sixth tergites have only two small hairs in front of the row of bristles. The
seventh tergite bears on each side one long apical bristle, which is situated on
a cone, and has on each side of it a very small hair.
The sternites of the fourth, fifth and sixth segments have in the male one
hair and in the female four hairs on each side; the sternite of the seventh
segment, however, bears a few more hairs in addition to these in both sexes.
Legs.—The legs of this insect resemble those of C. insignis.
Modified Segments.—The eighth tergite of the male is strongly rounded-
dilated anad, and bears a patch of bristles at the apex. At the upper edge of
‘the dilated portion of the tergite (fig. 14) there is a row of short hairs, while the
oblique ventral edge is minutely serrate. The eighth sternite (fig. 15) is small and
gradually widened anad, bearing at the apical edge a row of bristles placed closely
together. Above this sternite there are two pieces of chitin, densely clothed with
long fine hairs, being brush-like in appearance. These brushes represent appa-
rently the ninth sternite. The clasper (fig. 16) is produced into a somewhat
elliptical process (P), which bears at the end two long bristles. The movable
finger (F) is not longer than this process, but much broader, being triangular,
with the ventral edge shortest and the hinder edge longest. The finger has no
long hairs, and is, in optical section, dorsal of the process of the clasper.
The eighth tergite of the female is similar to that of C. insignis, but some
of the hairs are absent.
Length 2°1 mm.
We have received a very large series of this flea from Mr. William Foster,
taken near Sapucay, Paraguay (type), from various hosts—Myotis nigricans, M.
albescens, etc., etc. Mr, J. A. Wolffsohn, in whose honour this species is named,
also forwarded us two female specimens taken from Vespertilio nigricans at
Valparaiso, Chili.
( 322 )
6. Ceratopsylla martialis spec. nov. (Pl. X. fig. 17—20).
Head.—Both flaps of the head are long, the first being rounded at the end, the
second acuminate. A regular series of hairs extends from the base of the first flap
to the insertion of the antenna, the hairs composing it being rather stout. The
posterior part of the head in the ¢ is longer than in the 2. There is a regular
series of short but stout hairs placed along the antennal groove. The hinder part
of the head bears, besides, four or five transverse series of bristles, of which the
lateral ones are somewhat long. Ventrally at the hinder edge of the posterior
portion of the head there is a series of from five to seven bristles, which stand close
together, are spinelike, and gradually decrease in length, the uppermost being the
longest (fig. 17).
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of twenty-two teeth. All three thoracic
segments are densely clothed with hairs on the back. The pronotum is longer than
it is posteriorly broad, and the metanotum is twice as long as it is posteriorly broad
(when viewed in optical section). The metanotum bears three teeth on each side at
the apical edge. The mesonotum has the two usual pointed teeth at the side, and
a third close to the ventral edge. The epimerum of the metathorax bears fifteen
bristles, of which two stand near the hinder edge.
Abdomen.—The basal edges of the abdominal tergites are incrassate. The first
and second tergites bear an apical tooth on each side. The first tergite, moreover,
bears three, and the second two rows of hairs besides the ordinary row of long
bristles. There are also a few additional hairs on the back.
The third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh abdominal sternites bear in the d
two or three, in the ? four, bristles on each side.
Legs.—The first segment, of the foretarsus is one-third shorter than the second
segment.
The first segment of the midtarsus is one-fifth longer than the second.
Along the ventral side of the hindfemur there are from base to apex about
twelve bristles. On the outer side of the hindtibia there are three rows of hairs, of
which only the posterior one is regular; on the hinder edge of the tibia there are,
besides numerous short bristles, a subbasal pair, a single median one, a shorter
subapical one, and an apical pair of prolonged setae. The first segment of the hind-
tarsus is half as long again as the second. The fourth segment of the hindtarsus
is elongate, while the third segment is half the length of the first. The hairs of
the tarsi are short and numerons, the first hindtarsal segment bearing laterally a
series of ten pairs.
Modified Segments.—The sternite of the cighth abdominal segment of the made
is prolonged, and bears at its apical edge a row of six bristles (fig. 18). The process
of the clasper (fig. 19, P) is large, truncate, with the upper inner angle rounded ;
it bears at the upper outer angle two bristles. The movable finger (fig. 19, F) is
gradually widened at the apex, being somewhat club-shaped. It has at the anal
edge four bristles, namely, a long one at the upper angle, and three thinner ones
farther down. There are, besides, five short hairs near the upper angles.
The eighth abdominal tergite of the female (fig. 20) bears near the apical
edge a series of five short and stout spines placed close together, and a number
of longer bristles, as shown in the figure. These bristles are placed as follows :
two between the stigma and the series of five spines, and six arranged in two
groups of three at the apical edge. There are also six or seven more bristles
—
( 323 )
situated more ventrally and proximally. The eighth sternite (s¢), however, lacks
any bristles whatever.
Length: 2:9 mm.
Ten specimens (five males and five females) of this species were received from
Mr. Sikora. They were taken at Plaine des Palmes, in the Island of Réunion, on
Nyctinomus acetabulosus.
7. Ceratopsylla caminae spec. nov. (Pl. X. fig. 21. 22).
Head.— Both flaps of the head are acuminate, the second being twice the length
of the first. Some very short and fine hairs are scattered irregularly over the
surface of the anterior part of the head. The posterior portion of the head is nearly
twice as long (measured laterally) as the anterior part in the d, while the two
portions are of nearly equal length in the ?.
Thorax.—The comb of the pronotum consists of twenty-four teeth. The
mesonotum (when viewed in optical section) is more than twice as long as it is
broad (excluding epimerum and episternum). It bears, besides the two slender
lateral and subapical teeth, two series of hairs and a few single bristles. The
epimerum of the metathorax (fig. 21, emt) has one hair below the stigma. In
addition to this there are four hairs more ventral in position, two being proximal
and two subapical, and one hair at the apical corner. The metathoracical comb
consists of twenty-three teeth.
Abdomen.—The comb of the first abdominal tergite is vestigial, having only
four short teeth (fig. 21, ¢). The number of teeth of the other five abdominal
combs is in the d 24, 21, 18, 17, 18 respectively, and there are a few teeth more
in the combs of the ?.
The sternites of the fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments have three
hairs on each side in both sexes.
Legs.—The coxae are elliptical. The hindfemur has two subapical hairs, the
one placed subventrally, the other laterally. The hindtibia bears one series of
lateral hairs on the outer side. The bristles of the legs are short, the longest apical
bristle of the hindtibia being little more than one-third the length of the first
hindtarsal segment.
Modified Segments.—The eighth sternite of the male is somewhat bottle-
shaped, being rather strongly narrowed from the apical third to the end (in
lateral view). The narrow apical portion is beset with a number of long and short
bristles. The clasper (fig. 22) is elongate-ovate, the process P and the finger F
taken together. The finger is very narrow and curved. It bears a few thin and
short hairs, of which the one situated at the upper third of the convex edge is the
most conspicuous.
The eighth tergite of the female is truncate sinnate distally, and bears very
numerous hairs.
Length: 2:1 mm.
We have received three specimens of this interesting species: one male and
two females, from Bannertel, West Australia, taken by Mr. B. Woodward of the
Perth (West Australia) Museum, on August 20th, 1900, from a bat.
8. Ceratopsylla reductus spec. nov.
This insect is very closely allied to C. caminae. It is probably the Hastern
Australian representative of the latter. It differs from caminae in the reduced
( 324 )
numbers of spines in the combs, the numbers being in the male 23, 2, 20, 16, 16,
13, 13, and in the female 15, —, 13,11, 10, 10,10. It will be noticed from these
figures that, in contradistinction to C. caminae, the male has more spines than
the female. The metathoracical epimerum of the female has a few more proximal
hairs in reductus, while the eighth tergite of reductus has a few less than caminae.
The eighth sternite of the male bears fewer hairs at the apex than in caminae,
and the narrowed apical portion is shorter than in that species. There are
apparently no differences in the clasping organs of the two species.
We received one pair from Mr. Le Sonéf, taken in Melbourne, Victoria, on
Vespertilio macropus.
9. Ceratopsylla fosteri spec. nov. (PI. X. fig. 23—26).
Head.—The head and thorax are long. The anterior portion of the head is
about as long as the posterior, being covered at the sides with numerous spines
(fig. 23). Those near the antennal groove are strongly chitinised. The spinose
area covers the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the head. There is a
series of about ten short and stout bristles on the hinder part of the head along
the antennal groove. The hinder part of the head (like the three tergites of
the thorax) shows several incrassations internally, which appear in optical section
as dark brown bands. The two flaps of the head are neither acuminate nor
curved. The anterior one is broad, being about twice as long as it is basally
wide.
Thorax.—The pronotum is shorter than it is apically broad (teeth excepted),
and bears a comb of twenty-four teeth (fig. 23). The mesonotum and metanotum
are about equal in length, their bristles being stout like those of the prothorax.
The comb of the metanotum consists of twelve teeth. The epimerum of the
metathorax is longer than it is broad, acuminate, and bears three bristles below
the stigma, standing in a triangle, the posterior of them being the longest. In
addition there is one bristle behind the stigma and one at the apical angle.
Abdomen.—The bases of the tergites are incrassate internally. The four
combs on the abdominal tergites consist of 21, 16, 17 and 16 teeth respectively.
The abdominal sternites are also incrassate internally near the base. Those
of segments 5 and 6 have three bristles on each side. The sternite of the
seventh segment of the female is irregularly triangular in lateral view, and bears
nine or ten hairs on each side. The eighth sternite of the male is elongate, and
bears ventrally before the apex a number of short hairs (fig. 24, o727. s#.).
Legs.—The first segment of the foretarsus is as long as the second,
The first segment of the midtarsus is one-fourth longer than the second.
The midcoxa is as broad as it is long. The mid- and hindfemur have some hairs
ventrally near the base, but none on their lateral surfaces. The tibiae are short
when compared with the tarsi.
The hindtibia has on the outer surface one row of rather long hairs and
several hairs on the inner surface. At the hinder edge of the hindtibia there
are six pairs of bristles. The hindtarsus is two and a half times as long as
the hindtibia ; its fourth segment is only slightly over half as long again as it is
apically broad.
Modified Segments.—The process P (fig. 25) of the clasping organ of the
male is large, triangular, and bears on the lateral surface a number of stout
bristles. The finger F (of which the exact outline cannot be very clearly made
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EXPLANATION OF PLATES IX. AND X.
PLATE IX.
. Head and pronotum of Ceratophyllus terribilis 3 . p. 317
. Eighth abdominal sternite of ¢ of the same . p- 318
x it tergite of ? of the same p. 318
. Head and pronotum of Stephanocircus thomasi 2 . p: 318
. Hindtibia and first tarsal segment of the same p- 319
. Head and pronotum of nadie minerva 2 . p- 319
. Hindtibia of the same p- 319
. Thorax of Ceratopsylla insignis cy : p. 3820
. Highth abdominal tergite of the same (¢) p. 320
. Clasper of the same p- 320
. Eighth abdominal sternite of me same (3 ) p- 320
> segment of 9 of the same . p- 821
: Metetor of Ceratopsylla wolffsohni 3 p. 321
PLATE X.
. Eighth abdominal tergite of Ceratopsylla wolfsohni 3 . p. 321
is sternite of ny 5 ine p. 322
: Glagper of the same : p. 322
. Hinder lower edge of head at Cer oe git mar ald 3. p. 322
. Eighth Boden sternite of the same s ) p. 322
. Clasper of the same p: 322
. Eighth abdominal segment a g of ihe sane . p. 822
. Thorax of Ceratopsylla caminae 3 p. 323
. Clasper of the same p- 323
3. Head and prothorax of Cer atopa vie ose 3 p. 324
. Seventh and eighth sternites of the same o p. 824
. Clasper of the same p- 324
. Highth abdominal segment of g of tex same p. 825
i 3 cf of 2 of Ceratopsylla iain p. 325
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( 325 )
out in the specimen) is strongly curved. The ninth sternite is somewhat bone-
shaped (fig. 24, zw. 1.).
The eighth tergite of the female is rounded at the apex (fig. 26). It bears
an oblique series of three bristles below the stigma, fonr long and six smaller
ones at the oblique upper apical edge, two to four laterally near the apex, and
a row of three at the oblique ventral apical margin.
Length, ¢, 221 mm.; ?,2°4 mm.
We have received from Mr. William Foster (in whose honour this species
is named) of Sapucay, Paraguay, one male and two females taken from Molossus
bonariensis on August 6th, 1900, and another female from the same locality from
Nyctinomus laticaudatus.
10. Ceratopsylla distinctus spec. nov. (PI. X. fig. 27.)
Head.—Both flaps of the head, the posterior portion of which is longer than
the anterior part, are long, acuminate, and somewhat curved. The hairs and
bristles of the head are long and stout.
Thorax.—The pronotal comb consists of twenty long teeth. The mesonotum
bears numerous hairs extending from the base to the posterior row of long
bristles. There are two long slender teeth in front of its apex. The metanotum,
which is much longer than it is apically broad (when viewed in optical section),
is rather hairy on the back, and bears one short strongly chitinised tooth laterally
at the apical margin. The metathoracic epimernm is much higher than it is
long, its stigma-hearing edge being nearly vertical. It bears three hairs proximally
of the stigma, two below the stigma, two more farther back, and one at the
apical angle.
Abdomen.—The anterior edges of the abdominal tergites are incrassate,
appearing deep brown in optical section. The first three tergites have one apical
tooth laterally, and bear (besides the posterior row of bristles) two rows of hairs,
and on the back some additional hairs. The first tergite is especially hairy. The
apical bristle of the seventh tergite is very long.
The sternites of the fourth, fifth and sixth abdominal segments have six or
seven bristles on each side. The seventh sternite, moreover, bears numerous
smaller hairs in addition.
Legs.—The anterior femur bears four or five lateral bristles. The foretibia
has, on the outer side, two irregular and one regular rows of hairs. The first
segment of the foretarsus is five times as long as it is broad.
The longest apical bristle of the hindtibia is only one-third the length of the
first. tarsal segment. The tarsi are very long, and bear numerous stout and very
short hairs. On the mid- and hindtarsus along the edge of the first segment
there are about fifteen pairs of very short stout bristles. The first segment of
the hindtarsus is as long as the hindtibia, being longer than the head.
Modified Segments.—The eighth tergite of the female is rounded at the apex ;
it bears a number of hairs which are distributed as shown in the figure (fig. 27).
The conical process of the anal tergite is only a little longer than it is broad.
Length, 2°8 mm.
A single female specimen of this species was taken at Villa Rica, Paraguay,
on October 31st, 1900, by Mr. William Foster. The host unfortunately is not
stated.
( 326 )
A MONOGRAPH OF CHARAXES AND THE ALLIED
PRIONOPTEROUS GENERA.
By tHe Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD anv Dr. K. JORDAN.
(Concluded from Noy. Zoou. VII. p. 524.)
Genus PALLA.
Papilio Eques Achivus, Cramer, Pap, E-ot. ii, p. 148 (1777).
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus, Drury, Illust. Exot. Ins. iii. Index (1782).
Papilio Nymphalis, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iti. i. p. 67 (1793).
Palla Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schm. p. 47 (1816-27) (type: decius); Schatz, Exot. Tagf. p. 176
(1888) (partim).
Nymphalis, Godart, Enc Méth, ix. p. 363 (1823) (partim).
Papilio, Donovan (non Linné, 1758), Natural. Repos. iv. f. 109 (1826).
Philognoma Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 310 (1850) (partim ; type : decius).
Chavaxes, Aurivillius (non Ochsenheimer, 1816), Ent. Tidskr. xv. p. 312 (1894) ; Butl., Journ. Linn.
Soc. Lond. xxv. p. 348 (1896); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 221 (1899)
(partim).
3%. Basal patch of modified scales at hinder margin of forewing, on under-
side, limited in front by SM’, not extending costad beyond this vein as in Ev/epis,
Charaxes, and Euxcanthe. Stalk SC’ of forewing longer than in Charaxes. D*
of hindwing very thin, reaching M between M'! and M?, being much closer to M?
than to M*. Mid- and hindtibia not spinose on upperside. Foretibia with apical
spines.
3. Tenth abdominal tergite produced into a simple, long, curved, pointed
hook ; tenth sternite long and slender. Ninth segment larger than in Charames,
covering ventrally the bases of the claspers. The latter with ventral apical hook.
Penis-funnel absent. Apex of penis-sheath more or less densely dentate.
?. Seventh abdominal segment with a divided mesial tubercle at apical margin.
Karly stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Sierra Leone to Angola, eastwards to Uganda.
Four species, which are all closely allied in pattern and in shape. However,
while decius, violinitens, and ussheri are sexually strongly dichromatic, the sexes of
publius are nearly the same in colour. There is no black line on vein D* of the
hindwing (which closes the cell), and on the forewing bar D* is seldom indicated.
The outer half of the underside of the forewing, the distal margin excepted, is
densely irrorated with short transverse bars, which are not homologous to the
regular series of bars found in Charaxes. This irrorated area is limited distally
by a series of more or less indistinct bars, which correspond to the submarginal
series of Charaxes. On the hindwing the irroration is repeated, but here we find
distinct submarginal spots.
The hindwing is in outline similar to that of Charaxes varanes, having one
obtuse tail.
Key to the species :
( 327 )
I. Males.
a. White median band of forewing below sharply
limited distally by a brown-black band . 1. P. pudblius.
This band not sharply limited distally. 3 b.
4. White median band of upperside of hindwing
more or less shaded and margined with
blue, the blue scaling extending beyond
Re : : : 3 . : : C.
White band of hindwing not reaching
beyond R*, not edged and shaded with
blue . : . 2 P. usshert.
ce. Band of hindwing above noe eerendine fey ond
JR : - : : c : a Go JAG AZAR
Band of hindwing above extending beyond
he aes : : ° : : : . 4. P. violinitens.
Il. Females.
d. Median band of forewing below sharply limited
distally by a brown-black band. ; 2 LEP epublas.
This band not sharply limited distally. : e.
e. Postdiscal spots of upperside of forewing con-
tiguous with one another, orange :
These spots more or less widely separated : ie
jf. Band of forewing above measuring less than
10 mm. at M?, generally shaded with
i)
. P. ussheri.
orange anteriorly . . He Be lea CIEL
The band measuring more than v3 mm. a M?,
all white . 5 : " : 2 . 4. P. violinitens.
1. Palla publius.
Palla ussheri, Aurivillius (non Butler, 1870), Ofv. Vet. Ak. Férh. xxxxiv. p. 312. n. 18 (1887)
(Congo).
Palla publius Staudinger, [ris v. p. 267 (1892) (¢ 2, S. Leone).
Palla rectifascia Weymer, Stett. Ent. Zeit. liii. p. 91. n. 9 (1892) (¢, W. Afr.).
Charaxes publius Aurivillius, Tidskr. Ent. xv. p. 312. sub. n. 203 (1894) (Congo) ; Butl., Jown.
Linn, Soc. Lond. xxv. p. 403. n. 158 (1896) (partim) ; Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi, 5.
p. 242. n. 57 (1899) (S. Leone; Sklavenkiiste ; Old Calabar ; Kuilu ; Congo ; ‘‘ Angola”
alia spec.).
3. Body above olive-black, shaded with mummy-brown, below mummy-
brown ; underside of abdomen not paler than breast; femora black, speckled with
white ; head and pronotum partly shaded with cinnamon-rufous.
Wings, upperside, black, slightly purplish. Forewing : a straight white
band from costal to inner margin, slightly widening behind, touching apex of cell,
bordered with blue or violet at inner side, this border not reaching costal margin,
often vestigial, a similar border at outer side, but shorter and narrower, often
absent. Hindwing : the white band of the forewing continued to R* or R’,
pointed behind or truncate, generally slightly edged with blue or violet proximally ;
the band continuous with an orange area, which widens behind, extending at distal
margin from tail to anal angle, tail inclusive ; four or five submarginal dots: the
( 328 )
first black, white-pupilled, encircled with orange, between R* and R*, spot R'—M!?
black, vestigial, mostly absent, spot M'—M? black, distinct, mostly with white or
bluish centre, two dots M?’—SM? bluish white, often absent ; tail narrowly tipped
with buff ; fringe behind tail brown, not orange ; a small white patch at abdominal
margin near anal angle ; abdominal area olivaceous.
Underside of both wings olivaceous walnut-brown in basal area, olivaceous
mummy-brown in distal area. Forewing: four black lines in cell, first and third
externally, second and fourth internally bordered with glossy plumbaginous white,
a costal dot representing a prolongation of the second line is situated between first
and second or nearer first ; a straight white band from costal to inner margin
as above, bordered proximally by a white line, and distally sharply limited by a
broad brown-black band, which is ill-defined distally ; between white band and
olive distal marginal area the wing is densely striated with black ; from R! back-
wards there is a row of black submarginal transverse bars, often indistinct, bar
R?—R*® anguliform. Hindwing similar to forewing, the black striation occupying
also the greater part of the abdominal area ; an anterior series of three bars from
tip of praecostal spur to M, bordered with plumbaginous white proximally ; white
band shaded with cream-colour, narrowing posteriorly, reaching abdominal margin,
but including posteriorly black striae, proximally bordered by a black line, which
itself is more or less plumbaginous at distal side, the band not sharply limited
distally, the brown-black band of the forewing being at the highest vestigial between
SC? and R'; a complete row of orange submarginal spots, all pupilled with bluish
white, except spot R*—M!, the pupil encircled with black (or partly), the black
ae
ring conspicuous in spot M'—M?; the submarginal spots proximally bordered by ;
plumbaginous halfmoons, which, between R? and anal angle, are connected with 4
a plumbaginous marginal line, aud there are traces of white halfmoons underneath :
the plumbaginous ones, the white halfmoon M'—M? alone being distinct ; tail F
olivaceous orange, tipped with buff; striated areas of both wings shaded with |
glossy plumbaginous.
9. Similar to the ¢, duller in colour, the underside paler, the wings
somewhat wider.
Wings, upperside: forewing with more or less faint traces of pale postdiscal
spots, corresponding to the postdiscal macular band of this sex of the other species
of Palla ; hindwing with a larger abdominal subanal white patch than in ¢, and
a much longer white median band, the black submarginal spots R°—M? also larger,
and there are traces of three submarginal orange spots between C and R?.
Underside again as in 3, but the black submarginal spots larger, and the
white halfmoons proximally of them nearly all distinct.
Early stages not known.
Hab. Sierra Leone to the Congo.
In the Tring Museum 9 6d, 3 2? ? from: Sierra Leone (Mitford) ; Old Calabar;
Cameroons; Stanley Pool to Lokolele (Harrison); Lokolele, Congo; Kassai Country.
2. Palla ussheri.
Nymphalis decius, Godart (non Cramer, 1777), Enc. Méth. ix. p. 363. n, 46 (1823) (partim, ¢) ;
Lucas, Lép. Exot. p. 122. t. 64. £. 2 (g) (1835) (Guinea) ; id., in Chenu, Exc. Hist. Nat., Pap.
i. t. 26. f. 4. (@) (1852).
Philognoma decius, Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn, Lep, ii. p. 311, n. 1 (1850) (partim).
Philognoma ussheri Butler, Trans. Ent, Soc. Lond. p. 124 (1870) (Ashanti) ; id., Lep. Exot. p. 52.
t. 21. £. 3 (g) (1871) ; Sharpe, Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 341, n. 48 (1894) (Uganda, 4000 ft.).
( 329 )
Palla decius, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 273. n. 1 (1871) (partim)
Palla ussheri, id., l.c, p. 273. n. 2 (1871) (Gold Coast).
Palla decius var., Staudinger, Exot. Taqf. t. 60 (¢) (1886) (Sierra Leone).
Palla ussheri, id., lec. p. 173 (1886) (g ; 2 =violinitens) ; id., Iris v. p. 265 (1892) (Sierra Leone ;
3S, 2? 2); Schaus & Clem. Sierra Leone Lep. p. 9 (1893).
Palla usheri (!), Weymer, Stett. Ent. Zeit. liii. p. 93 (1892).
Charaxes ussheri Butler, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xxv. p. 404. n. 159 (1896) (Sierra Leone ;
Ashanti ; Old Calabar ; Cameroons ; Congo); Auriy., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak, Handl. xxxi. 5, p. 242.
n. 58 (1898) (partim).
3d. Body above olivaceous black, underside somewhat paler, tibiae and tarsi
clayish, underside of abdomen pale buff, with blackish mesial vitta; head and
pronotum partly shaded with cinnamon-rufous ; femora black, speckled with white.
Wings, upperside, black, slightly purplish in side-light. Forewing : no
markings, except a straight white band from costal to inner margin, touching apex
of cell, gradually widening behind, feebly purplish at the edges, often shaded with
orange at inner margin of wing. Hindwing : white band of forewing here
continued only to SC’, or just indicated at costal margin, this white patch being the
anterior portion of a large orange area which extends backwards to outer margin,
expanding there between R? and anal angle, the area similar to that of pudbléus, but
on the whole a little wider ; black, white-pupilled, submarginal spots R?—R* and
M!—M? distinct, dot R’—M!? very small or absent, white dots M’—SM? distinct,
orange patch R?—R:, in which is situated the black submarginal spot, more or less
completely merged together with the orange area, a small submarginal orange spot
R!—_R?, and sometimes traces of similar spots between C and R! ; tail tipped with
baff ; fringe brown between tail and anal angle.
Underside somewhat paler than in puddius, the tail brighter orange, the white
band not sharply limited externally on either wing, the interspaces between the
black striae being white near the band both on fore- and hindwing ; the striated
areas less extended glossy than in pudlius, especially on the forewing.
%. Very different from the male in pattern, wings wider, tail longer and
broader. Variable. Body paler than in ¢; underside of palpus pale clayish buff
like the tibiae and tarsi. Wings, upperside: basal area extending on forewing
just beyond apex of cell, on hindwing beyond base of M’, brown-black, shaded with
olive, its outer edge straight or denticulate ; a broad median band from costal edge
of forewing to abdominal margin of hindwing, narrowed at both ends, of 10 to
15 mm. width at inner margin of forewing, and of about the same width at R? of
hindwing, not so sharply defined distally as proximally, on the forewing more or
less incised at the upper veins and dentate at the lower ones, of a pale orange colour
distally, shading into whitish buff-yellow proximally and behind, and on hindwing
becoming nearly white at proximal edge ; the long hairs white at the proximal edge
of the band on hindwing ; upon this band follows a black one, which is vestigial on
the forewing in one of our 2 2; the black band incompletely separated into spots on
the forewing and oblique in position, approaching hinder angle, 6 to 10 mm. wide,
on hindwing parallel to outer margin, strongly narrowed between M! and abdominal
margin ; outside this band there is on the forewing a narrower orange band, sub-
divided into spots, spot R!1—R? more distal than the two next to it, the spots more
or less produced distad along the veins, spot R’—-R* deeply sinuate distally ; on the
hindwing there is a corresponding submarginal band, which is separate from the
edge of the wing by a narrow marginal black or brown-black line between © and
tail, and by a plumbaginous line (often indistinct) between tail and anal angle ; this
( 330 )
submarginal band variable in width, much wider behind tail than in front, some-
times reduced to rather small isolated spots between C and R*; within it there
are black, white-pupilled dots, of which spot M'—M? is rather large, dot R’—R®’
coming next in size, while the others are indistinct as a rule; distal margin of
forewing generally shaded with orange-brown.
Underside similar to that of the d, but paler, the median band wider and, like
discal striated area, shaded with creamy buff; the creamy white submarginal lunules
of the hindwing nearly all distinct.
Early stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Sierra Leone to the Upper Congo and Uganda.
In the Tring Museum 22 dd, 12 2% from: Sierra Leone ; Kumassi to Cape
Coast Castle, April 1899 (Captain Giffard) ; Kumassi to Kuitampo, and Kumassi
to Mansu, April 1899 (Col. Northcott) ; Kumassi (Wolseley) ; Begoro, Ashanti
(McDonald) ; Warri, Lower Niger, March 1896 (Dr. F. Roth) ; Cameroons ; Stanley
Pool to Lokolele, Cougo (Harrison) ; eighteen days’ march from Fort Beni, Arawimi
Forest, May 22nd, 1899 (Dr. Ansorge).
3. Palla decius.
Papilio Eques Achivus decius Cramer, Pap. Exot, ii. pp. 26. &148. t,114. f. A. B ( 2 ) (1777) (Guinea) ;
Fabr., Spec. Jus. ii. p. 18. n, 71 (1781) ; id., Mant. Ins. ii. p. 10, n, 81 (1787) ; Jabl. & Herbst,
Naturs. Schm. iv. p. 20. n. 132. t. 56. f. 1. 2 (2) (1790).
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus decius, Drury, Illustr. Exot. Ins. iii. p. 6. t. 6. £. 1. 2 & Index (2)
(1782) (Sierra Leone).
Papilio Nymphalis decius, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. i. p. 67. n. 210 (1793).
Palla decia, Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schm. p. 47. n. 441 (1816-27).
Nymphalis decius, Godart, Enc, Méth. ix, p. 363. n. 46 (1823) (partim).
Papilio decius, Donovan, Natural. Repos. iv. t. 109 (¢) (1826) (Gold Coast).
Philognoma decius, Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. ii. p. 311. n. 1 (1850) (partim) ;
Butl., Cat. Diurn. Lep. descr. by Fabr. p. 49. n. 2 (1869) (Ashanti) ; Capronn., C. R. Soe.
Ent. Belg. xxxiii. p, 125. n. 64 (1889) (Kassai).
Palla decius, Staudinger, Exot. Tagf. p. 174 (1886) (partim); Auriv., Tidskr. Ent. xii. p. 216.
n. 147 (1891) (Cameroons) ; Staud., /ris v. p. 264 (1892).
Charawes decius, Aurivillius, Tidskr. Ent. xv. p. 312. n. 203 (1894) (Cameroons) ; Butl., Journ.
Linn. Soe. Lond. xxv. p. 403. n. 157 (1896) (S. Leone; Accra; Ashanti) ; Auriv., Kongl. Sv.
Vet, Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 242. n. 60 (1899).
Charazes publius, Butler (non Staudinger, 1892), Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xxv. p. 403. n. 158 (1896)
(partim ; 2 ¢ ).
3. Body as in wssher’, but the pale stripes on the underside of the abdomen
only vestigial.
Wings, upperside. Forewing as in ussheri, the white band a little more
irregular in outline, with a rather broad pale blue proximal border, which does not
reach costal margin, and a narrower and violet distal border—Hindwing : the
white band continued to R? or (proximally) to M, bordered and shaded with blue
on both sides, followed by an orange patch, which is widest at external margin,
expanding here between tail (inclusive) and anal angle, and which extends anteriorly
always beyond R*; three submarginal orange spots C—R? often indicated, orange
spot R?—R® distinct, isolated, or merged together with the orange area, including
a black, bluish-white-pupilled dot, black spot M'—M® larger, also with bluish
white centre, submarginal dots M’—SM? bluish white; proximally of the sub-
marginal spot M'—M? there is, within the orange area, a blackish halfmoon, either
distinct or vestigial, indications of similar halfmoons also between R* and M’, and
(BF y
M? and SM?; sometimes the whole orange area shaded with brown ; fringe blackish
between tail and anal angle ; tail tipped with buff.
Underside as in ussheri, the interspaces between the striae near the band of
the hindwing less white.
?. Similar to the of wssheri, but differs as follows: Band of forewing
strongly narrowing costad, narrower than in wssher7, more or less buft-yellow in
costal two-thirds, slightly edged externally with orange, milky white in posterior
third, edged with pale blue proximally ; a series of seven widely separated post-
discal spots, buff-yellow, seldom almost white, spots 1, 2 and 4 much smaller and
more proximal than 3. Hindwing: band white, shaded and edged with pale
blue (proximally) and violet (distally), narrower than in wssher? ; submarginal spots
C—R? nearly white proximally, orange or butf-yellow distally, isolated, the second
and third, or only the third, externally with a black dot with bluish white centre,
submarginal spot R?—R* orange, with creamy white halfmoon proximally and
black central dot which has bluish pupil, the spot isolated or connected behind
with the following orange spots, which extend more or less to edge of wing,
orange spots R?—M? with creamy white proximal lunules, black centre of spot
M'— MW? large.
Underside as in ussher?, submarginal spots of hindwing and tail less orange.
Early stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Sierra Leone to Angola.
In the Tring Museum 19 ¢d,3 2 ¢ from: Sierra Leone ; Accra, Gold Coast.
4. Palla violinitens.
Palla ussheri, Staudinger (non Butler, 1870), Exot. Tagf. p. 174 (1886) (2, non 3B).
Palla decius, id. (non Cramer, 1777), /.c, (1886) (¢, partim).
Philognoma violinitens Crowley, Trans. Ent. Soc, Lond. p. 554. t. 18. f. 1 (¢). 2 (2) (1890)
(Ashanti).
Palla violinitens, Staudinger, Iris v. p. 266 (1892).
Charazes violinitens, Butler, Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. xxv. p. 402. n. 155 (1896) (Accra ; Cameroons ;
Old Calabar); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 242. n. 59 (1899) (Ashanti ;
Sklavenkiiste ; Old Calabar ; Kamerun).
Charazes coniger Butler, l.c. xxv. p. 403. n. 156 (1896) (Old Calabar ; Congo ; Angola).
Charazes decius var. coniger, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 242. sub n. 60 (1898) (Old Calabar ; Kamerun ;
Congo ; Angola).
3. Very close to decius, but the blue borders of the band broader both on
fore- and hindwing, the blue and white scaling of the hindwing, above, extending
beyond R*, the orange area consequently reduced ; the white band as well as the
blue borders variable in width and, on hindwing, in length.
?. Band of wings, upperside, white throughout, edged with pale blue
proximally and, especially on hindwing, with violet distally, broader than in
decius, being at least as wide as in ussheri 2 ; postdiscal spots of forewing either
separate as in decius, milky white, seldom shaded with black or assuming a faint
yellow tint, or more or less contiguous and tawny-orange ; submarginal spots of
hindwing similar to those of deciws, the white lunules on the whole purer
white ; the median band broader also on underside and purer white, and the white
submarginal lunules larger.
Early stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Gold Coast to Angola.
In the Tring Museum 5 dd, 5 %% from: Accra, Gold Coast; Kumassi to
( 332 )
Kuitampo, April 1899 (Col. Northcott); Warri, Lower Niger, March 1896, April
1895 (Dr. F. Roth); Stanley Pool to Lokolele, Congo (Harrison).
Though violinitens comes very close to decius, the two insects are apparently
always distingnishable in the male sex. Some of the females, however, present a
combination of characters which seems to indicate that there is no constant line
of division between what is called decius and violinitens. Female specimens
with broad white band and buff-yellow postdiscal spots to the forewing, and others
with a narrow white band which has scarcely a trace of orange, and with almost
purely white postdiscal spots, make the specific distinctness of deciws and violinitens
at least doubtful. More material of the female sex is required to decide the
question.
Genus HUXANTHE.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus, Cramer, Pap. Exot. i. Index (1775).
Papilio Festivus, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. i, p. 57 (1793).
Papilio, Donovan, Ins. India t. 34 (1800).
Euxanthe Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schm. p. 39 (1816-27) ae eurinome) ; Schatz. Exot. Tagf. ii. p. 180
(1888) ; Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak, Handl. xxxi. . 219 (1899).
Nymphalis, Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 398 (1823).
Godartia Lucas, Ann. Soc. Ent. France p. 297 (1842) (type : madagascariensis) ; Snell., Tijdschr. Ent.
xxxy, p. 7 (1892).
Anthora Doubleday, List Lep. Ins. B.M. i. p. 99 (1846) (nom. nud.).
Hypomelaena Aurivillius, /.c. p. 220 (1899) (type : trajanus).
3%. All the tibiae spinose above and below. Spines of upperside of tarsi
long. Claw-segment with ten apical bristles as a rule. Basal patch of modified
seales of underside of forewing extending beyond SM? (as in Charazes) ; stalk of
SC#4-5 short ; upper angle of cell obtuse. Hindwing rounded, no indication of tail,
anal angle not produced ; PC not forked. Palpi, breast and legs dotted with white.
No such black bars on wings as are found in Lwlepis, Charaxes, and Palla.
Cell of hindwing open or closed.
3. Foretarsus very short, not scaled below from middle to apex ; foretibia
with numerous slender bristles. Sexual apparatus as in Charaxes.
Karly stages similar to those of Charaxes.
Hab. Aethiopian Region inclusive of Madagascar.
The neuration is different in nearly all species. ‘The subcostals differ often on
the right and left forewing of the same individual. The copulatory apparatus (d ?)
is the same in the various species.
Key to the species :
1. Cell of hindwing closed ; basal area of fore-
wing above orange : 2.
Cell of hindwing open (somietinins clesed i
a black bar, but never by a complete
vein, the cross-vein D® being only ves-
tigial or quite absent) . : ; ; 3.
2. SC! of forewing free . : = ‘ . 1. £. tiberius.
sc! , % anastomosed with C . . 2. EB. trajanus.
3. Pale ietiar streak C—SC? of hindwing
above long, extending to near base
ofiCi as : - ; ‘ F : 4,
This streak reduced . é . A ; 5.
( 333 )
4, PalepatchesJarge . . » «. » 6. E. crossleyi.
Pale patches reduced . c : : . 1. EH. ansorgei.
5. SC! of forewing absent. Underside of hind-
wing bright rufous chestnut . é . 3. EL. madagascariensis.
SC! of forewing present : é :
6. SC? of forewing free. Patch R*'—M! of
forewing close to cell . F : . 4. EB. wakefieldi.
SC’ of forewing anastomosed with C. Patch
R—M! of forewing widely separate from
cell (as a rule)
6.
. Oo. EH. eurinome.
1. Euxanthe tiberius.
Euczanthe tiberius Smith, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6). iii. p. 129 (1889) (Mombasa, 1 ?); id. & Kirby,
hop. Exot. i., Eucanthe, p. 2. t. i. f£. 2.3 (4). 4 (2) (1890); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak.
Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 221. n. 6 (1899) (Mombasa),
3. Body olivaceous black ; abdomen beneath with three lines of white dots ;
upperside of abdomen, metanotum and posterior half of mesonotum clothed with
long olive hairs, like basal area of hindwing.
Wings, wpperside, black, slightly bluish when viewed obliquely. Forewing :
basal area dark orange, sharply defined, separated by a black interspace from the
band of pale patches, produced distad at costal margin and extended behind M,
filling in the basal angle of cellule R’—M!; median and discal spots greenish, sub-
marginal ones milky white; cell-spot triangular, situated in upper corner, with the
point directed backwards ; it is the first spot of an oblique band ; the second spot
of this band, between R? and R’, is larger, also triangular, with the point directed
distad ; the third, R’—M?!, does not quite extend to the base of the cellule ; the
fourth is the largest, elongate, obliquely rounded at both ends, not extending farther
proximad than the third, remaining 2 to 3 mm. outside the base of M'; the fifth
and sixth spots are also elongate, partly merged together, the last being the smallest
of all; the veins between the first five spots black; a row of four discal spots
from SC* to R’, the second the smallest ; a complete series of nine submarginal
spots, the series broken at R*, spots R*—M? being rather more proximal than those
before and behind them; these two spots rounded, about the same size as the first
two, which are, however, more triangular or ovate, spots R’—R* and (SM!)—SM?
minute ; fringe with small white spots between the veins, distal margin even,
slightly sinuate between R* and M!; apex rounded. Hindwing: no pale discal
area ; an incomplete postdiscal series of small rounded spots, of which the second
is the largest ; a submarginal series of minute dots, two in each cellule, and close
to these dots small transverse dashes, all white, shaded at the edges with blue ;
fringe with white spots between the veins ; distal margin nearly even, not being
distinctly scalloped.
Underside——Forewing: apical area down to upper angle of cell bright
russet mummy-brown, this colour extending along outer margin to near M’; a
large patch in cell, not reaching base, but extending beyond M, filling in the base
of cellule M'—M?’, dark orange; rest of wing black, with practically the same
white respectively greenish white markings as above, besides the basal costal and
subbasal cellular white dots. Hindwing: olivaceous chestnut, brightest at
costal and abdominal margins ; veins and streaks between the veins black; white
basal dots encircled with black, submarginal dots with olive-black.
24
( 384 )
9. Forewing more triangular than in the d, the costal margin being pro-
portionally longer. Abdomen rather paler than in the d, the ventri-lateral dots
merged together to a streak. The median and discal spots of the forewing, on
upperside, pure white like the submarginal ones, and the median spots R’—SM?
larger ; there is a trace of a white patch near middle of hinder margin. The hind-
wing has a complete series of white postdiscal spots and a large white median
area, which reaches from SC? to abdominal margin, and from near base of R* to
beyond curvature of R%, the width of the area measured along M and R® surpassing
a little the width of the black distal area measured at R*.
The underside differs from that of the d like the upper.
Neuration: SC and SC? of forewing free, not anastomosed with C; D? = D',
transverse, D’ deeply concave, transverse ; D‘ not longer than D*; D* of hindwing
reaching M proximally of M‘, being more proximal in ? than in d.
Barly stages not known.
Hab. British and German East Africa.
In the Tring Museum 1 d, 1 ¢, from Nguelo, German East Africa.
2. Euxanthe trajanus.
Godartia trajanus Ward, Ent. Mo. Mag. viii. p. 36 (1871) (Cameroons, ¢)) ; id., Afr. Lep. p. 10. t. 8-
£. 3.4 (4) (1874); Druce, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 410. n. 2 (1875) (Angola); Snell., Tijdschr.
Ent, xxxv. p. 8 (1892) (cell of hindwing closed),
Euaanthe trajanus, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 740. n. 4 (1877); Dew., Nova Acta K. Leop. Carol.
Ak. Naturf. xli. 2. 2. p. 7 (1879) (Chinchoxo) ; Staud., Mxot. Tagf. p. 140 (1886) (Congo) ;
Auriv., Ent. Tidskr. xv. p. 309. n. 183 (1894) (Bonge, Oct., 9); id., Kongl, Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl-
xxxi, 5. p. 221. n.5 (1899) (Cameroons ; Chinchoxo ; Congo).
Euxanthe schatzi Staudinger, lc. t. 48 (¢ (1885).
Similar to ¢iderivs, but easily distinguished by the first subcostal vein of the
forewing being anastomosed with the costal, by the median patches R*—(SM") of
the forewing not being separated from one another, and by patch R’—M? extending
to the very base of the cellule R'—M?’, by the hindwing of the d bearing a large
creamy area on the upperside, and the white basi-distal area of the hindwing of
the ? being much larger than in that sex of ¢éberius, etc., ete.
3. Body brown-black ; abdomen beneath marked with three rows of dirty
white dots, the lateral dots being more or less confluent.
Wings, upperside, black. Forewing : orange basal area rather smaller than
in ¢iderius, shaded with brown at costal margin, reaching the cell-spot and the
median spot M!—M?, being separated from the former only in costal half by a
narrow black interspace, cell-spot creamy, like the median ones, transverse,
subrectangular, extending from SC to M, its upper outer angle obliquely
truncate; the median band consisting of four spots, besides the one in cell ; spot
R*—R? the first, small, triangular, the second entirely covering the base of cellule
R'—M}, the third long, reaching at M halfway from M! to M?, obliquely rounded or
truncate distally, the fourth spot shorter, the fifth small, elongate, almost or quite
separate, the veins not black between these spots, except D* and (SM*); an
ill-defined creamy streak along hinder margin from near base to beyond middle ;
four postdiseal spots white, the series a little more regular than in ¢zderius,
continued by the submarginal spots R*—SM?; submarginal spots R!— R*
absent or vestigial, spots SC‘—R! present, but smaller than in ¢éderius ; fringe
with vestiges of white internervular spots; distal margin a little more strongly
( 335 )
rounded than in téberius. Hindwing: a large area extending from near base to
beyond the curvature of R* and reaching (about) from R! to (SM') creamy ; in this
area the scales of the upper layer are creamy, while nearly all the scales of the
under layer are black, giving the patch a powdery appearance; no postdiscal
spots ; a series of white submarginal dots from SC? to SM’, two in each cellule;
white fringe-spots traceable only here and there ; shape of wing as in ¢éberius.
Underside olive-black, hindwing shaded with orange in basal area.——
Forewing: markings essentially as above, but the submarginal spots SC*—R?
absent. Hindwing : black streaks rather wider than in ¢éserius ; submarginal
dots absent, vestigial, or minute.
?. Body paler than in the ¢ ; abdomen from the stigmata downwards dirty
cream-colour, with a sharply defined brown-black ventral vitta, which includes
a row of small white dots.
Wings, upperside. Forewing longer than in d, the sexual difference,
however, not being so obvious in ftiberius and trajanus as in ewrynome and
allies ; median band white ; cell-patch divided, spot R?—IR* small, more or less
shaded with black ; patches R*—(SM?') larger than in ¢; a long white streak at
hinder margin ; submarginal spot R’—R absent, the others all present ; postdiscal
spots R'—R much larger than the first two.—Hindwing : white area slightly
creamy, rounded distally, extended nearly to base of cell and reaching beyond ©,
the veins not black within the area, except SC?; the brown-black distal area
of the wing only 10 mm. wide at R*; two small white postdiscal dots SC’-—R’,
and a series of submarginal ones from SC? to (SM!) ; white fringe-spots of both
wings small but distinct.
Underside much paler than in 3, dark bistre-brown, disc of forewing deeper in
tint ; markings essentially as above, except the white area of the hindwing, which
is much smaller, scarcely reaching SC? and not extending much beyond the
curvature of R*.
Neuration: SC! of forewing (seldom SC! and SC?) anastomosed with C, D?
very short, almost reduced to a point, D? oblique, D* also oblique, little curved,
posteriorly more distal than in téberivs, therefore D! longer than in that species ;
D* of hindwing distal of point of origin of M’.
Harly stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Niger to Angola.
In the Tring Museum 9 3d, 1 ? from: Oviogie, Niger 14. i. 1900 (Dr.
Ansorge) ; Mongoma-Lobah (Thomson).
In a 2 in the British Museum from Barombi, Cameroons, the subcostals and
the upper radial of the forewing form a kind of areole by being anastomosed; the
areoles of the right and left wings are different.
3. Euxanthe madagascariensis.
Godartia madagascariensis Lucas, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (i.) xi. p. 299. t. 12. £.1. 2.3 (g)) (1842)
(Madagascar) ; id., in Chenu, Enc. Hist. Nat., Pup. i. p. 137. t. 34. £1 (gd) (1852) ; Doubl.,
Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn, Lep. ii. p. 282. n. 2 (1850) ; Mabille, in Grandid., Hist. Madag.,
Lép. p. 167. t. 19. £. 1. 2. (f), 3. 4 (2) (1887).
Anthora amakosa Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., /.c. (sub syn. with ?).
Eucanthe madagascariensis, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep, p. 228. n. 2 (1871) ; Staud., Mzot, Tag/. p. 140
t. 48 (¢) (1886); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 220, n, 1 (1899)
(Madagascar),
Godartia madagascarensis (1), Ward, Ent. Mo. Mag. x, p. 152 (1873).
( 386 )
3. Body black, upperside of abdomen, meta- and posterior part of mesonotum
with olivaceous hairs ; underside of abdomen tawny for the greater part, marked
with black, especially the proximal segments, and dotted with white in middle.
White spot on second segment of palpus large.
Wings, upperside, black, purplish in certain lights. Forewing: markings
greenish, except the submarginal dots, which are white ; a transverse subapical bar
in cell, separated in two or more spots; a band of seven patches from SC* to
SM?, all separated from one another, the last two sometimes partly confluent, the
four upper ones of about the same length, the second triangular, the fourth more
distal than the previous, not reaching base of cellule ; a thin streak behind SM? ;
discal dots SC!—R* absent from most specimens ; the series of submarginal dots
complete or incomplete, the upper three the largest, dots M’—SM? mostly absent ;
distal margin scalloped, strongly convex, subsinuate below apex, the latter obtuse,
but a little produced ; fringe with a very few white scales midway between the
veins; distances from base to M to tip of SC! and M! the same.——-Hindwing: a
white subbasal costal spot ; anal area more or less orange-tawny; a greenish white
central patch, consisting of three confluent patches : a small one before R’, a larger
one between R! and R2, and the largest in cell; a series of five or six postdiscal
spots, greenish white, the first and second the largest, the others gradually
decreasing in size, spot R3 to M* abont one-fourth the size of the first, or less, being
often a mere dot; admarginal dots vestigial or absent ; distal margin scalloped ;
fringe with just a trace of white spots.
Underside bright rufous chestnut ; markings paler than above. Forewing :
a large area from inner margin to R? black, extending from base to hinder angle ;
markings essentially as above, but the cell-bar and the submarginal spots, as well
as the posterior discal patches rather larger—Hindwing : brighter than the
forewing ; subbasal triangular costal spot conspicuous ; discal spot SC*—R!
vestigial, patch R'—R? and the cell-patch rather smaller than above; between the
proximal half of the cell-patch and the abdominal margin there are several more or
or less distinct white patches ; postdiscal spots as above, the second the largest ; a
complete series of submarginal dots, two in each cellule, followed by a simple series
of admarginal dots standing upon the internervular folds.
?. Abdomen paler than in d, and beneath more extended ochraceous.
Wings, upperside. Forewing : almost normal in shape, triangular ;
markings white; cell-bar larger than in ¢ ; discal patches also larger, especially
patch R*—M?, which nearly reaches base of cellule, patch R?—R* narrowing
distally ; streak before inner margin distinct ; postdiscal spots absent (always ?);
submarginal spots larger than in d,, especially the upper ones ; distal margin nearly
straight taken as a whole, scalloped; fringe-spots small.—Hindwing: white
central area extended from SC? to abdominal margin, widest at SM’, reaching base
behind; a white submedian dot behind C; postdiscal spots C—R! large, spots
R'—M? gradually decreasing, no postdiscal spots beyond M?; submarginal dots
present only in posterior cellules ; a complete series of transverse admarginal dots ;
fringe-spots distinct; distal margin scalloped.
Underside: ground-colour as in d, rather less bright; white markings
essentially as above, but white central area of hindwing smaller and the submarginal
series complete on both wings. Forewing sometimes with a white dot proximally
of middle behind SC.
Neuration : SC' of forewing absent, SC? free, D' longer than D*, both oblique,
Cr)
D® incomplete, its upper half or third not developed, the cell therefore partly open ;
D$ of hindwing absent.
Early stages not known.
Hab. Madagascar.
In the Tring Museum 7 3d, 4 2 2.
4. Euxanthe wakefieldi.
Godartia eurinome, Hopffer (non Cramer, 1775), in Peters, Reise Mozamb. p. 386 (1862) (Querimba).
Godartia wakefieldi Ward, Ent. Mo. Mag. x. p. 152 (1873) (Ribé, Brit. E. Afr.) ; Oberth., Etud.
Ent. Wi. p. 28. t. 2. £. 5 (f) (1878) (“Zanzibar ””=Continent. E. Afr.); Trim. & Bowk.,
S. Afr. Butt. i. p. 300. n. 98 (1887) (Delagoa B.) ; Junod, Bull. Soc. Neuchat. Se. Nat. xxii.
p. 26 (1892) (deser. of larva) ; id., /.c. xxvii. p. 204 (1900) (Delagoa B.).
Euxanthe wakefieldi, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep, p. 740, n, 5 (1877) ; Staud., Exot. Tagf. p. 140 (1886) ;
Smith & Kirby, Rhop. Exot. i., Euranthe p.i. t. 11. £.1 (9) (1890) (B. Afr.) ; Lanz, Zris ix.
p. 140 (1896) (Parumbira, E, Sept., Beg. Oct. ; Tanganyika) ; Butl., Proc, Zool. Soc. Lond.
p. 399. n, 23 (1898) (Mgana, Aug.); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi, 5. p. 221. n. 2
(1899) (Delagoa; Querimba; Parumbira ; Tanganyika; Bagamoyo ; Usambara ; Ribé ;
-Mgana),
?. Body black, long hairs of meso-metanotum and abdomen somewhat
olivaceous ; abdomen tawny-ochraceous, more tawny above, middle of first tergites
black, the area narrowing behind, base of underside of abdomen also black.
Wings, upperside, deep black, slightly bluish in side-light. Forewing :
costa occasionally tawny near base; markings greenish white, except the sub-
marginal ones, which are white ; a large patch at apex of cell, transverse, oblique
(in accordance with the oblique position of the cross-veins), variable in width, but
never separated into spots ; discal spots SC**—SM? all separate, or spots M?—SM?
partly fused, the first three spots the smallest, the second being a mere line or dot
or being altogether absent, spot R?—R®* reaching base or close to base of cellule,
sinuate distally, spot R'—M? longer than spot R’—R*, reaching farther proximad
as well as distad, spot M'—M7? the longest of all, but not so broad as spot R&’—M?,
reaching proximally beyond the middle of spot R*—M’; a conspicuous isolated
streak behind spot (SM')—SM?; three or four postdiscal spots SC*—R%, the first
often absent, the other three more or less rhombiform, the first of them the largest ;
submarginal dots small, variable in number, seldom all present, dots R°—M? always
marked ; distal margin rounded, very feebly scalloped, white fringe-spots absent,
apex obtuse. Hindwing : a greenish white central area extending from SC? to
(SM), externally to near curvature of R’, and proximally to near base of M, incised
at the veins ; a trace of a white subbasal costal spot ; a series of postdiscal spots
from © to SM?, greenish white, the upper one ovate, the others more or less circular,
the fourth smaller than the third and fifth, the seventh and eighth the smallest ;
the submarginal series of dots incomplete, the upper cellules being generally
without dots, the admarginal series of dots mostly complete, but the dots very
small, especially the anterior ones; distal margin rounded, feebly scalloped ; no
white fringe-spots; anal angle occasionally with tawny spot.
Underside tawny russet. Forewing black from hinder margin to R', the
black area occupying the greater part of the wing ; markings slightly larger than
above and a little less green ; a white dot in cell behind SC. Hindwing : white
central area larger than above, extended to abdominal margin ; postdiscal spot
SM*—SM? present ; submarginal and admarginal rows of dots complete.
¢. Abdomen generally more extended olive-black above than in g, and on
( 338 )
underside marked with some white mesial dots. Markings of wings all white,
slightly bluish, especially on the veins of the hindwing. Forewing triangular, costal
margin much ices than hinder one, distal margin convex in front, then concave,
straight bebind, Bealloped, the feeuel difference in the shape of the wing much
greater than in the previous insects.
Wings, upperside. Forewing : a large patch at apex of cell, variable in size ;
jn most specimens, besides, a small proximal cell-spot, often joined to the patch ; a
discal band as in d, but spots R*—M? larger: spots SC'*—R® small, well separated
from one another, all three more or less acutely triangular, spot R’—M! completely
filling in the base of the cellule, spot M'—M? also extended to the very base of the
cellule in most individuals, longer than, or as long as, the following spot, which is
only 3 to 6 mm. short of the distal margin ; three large postdiscal spots SC°—R?*
always present, often also a smaller spot SC*—SC’, which is more proximal than
the others ; two submarginal dots R’—M?, seldom a submarginal dot R’—R? ; white
fringe-spots present. Hindwing : an elongate spot betore! and another pena C,
the former subbasal, the latter submedian; a large central area from SC? to
abdominal margin, reaching base behind and extending beyond curvature of R’,
somewhat produced along the veins; postdiscal spots as in ¢; postdiscal area
occasionally tawny chestnut ; submarginal series of dots incomplete as in ¢, seldom
complete, the upper dots the smallest ; admarginal series mostly complete, but the
dots very small; distal margin scalloped ; white fringe-spots distinct.
Underside slightly more olivaceous than in ¢ ; markings essentially as above,
but forewing with four or three submarginal dots R'—SM2?, the central area of the
hindwing rather smaller, especially behind, and the series of submarginal and
admarginal ee complete.
3. BO ation : SC! of forewing anastomosed with C, seldom abbreviated and
not reaching C, SC? free ; cross-veins D!, D? and D* very oblique, D! and D? about
equal in length, D'in 3d meenly equal to Ds, but in ? shorter than D*, D® very thin
in upper half, but not obliterated as in madagascariensis, D® of hindwing absent.
Early stages described by Junod, J.c.
Hab. Bast Africa: Delagoa Bay to British East Africa.
In the Trmg Museum 37 3d, 12 2? from: Delagoa Bay ; Parambira, Nyassa,
6. xi. 1893 (Dr. Ansorge); Bandawe, Nyassa ; Tanganyika ; Dar-es-Salaam ; Lindi ;
Melindi; Mombasa; Kikuyu Escarpment, British Hast Africa, ix. x. 1900
(W. Doherty).
5. Euxanthe eurinome.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus eurinome Oramer, Pap, Evot. i. p. 109. t. 70.f, A. (9) & Index
(1775) (Ind, or.” !) ; Fabr., Spec. Js. ii. p. 101. n. 443 (1782) ; id., Mant. Ins. ii. p, 54. n, 538
(1787) ; Jabl. & Herbst, Naturs. Schm. vi. p. 26. n. t. 123. £, 1 (9) (1793).
Papilio Festivus eurinome, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. 1. p. 57. n. 178 (1793) (“ India orient.” !).
Papilio euronimene (!), Hianacait Ins. India t. 34. £. 3 (@) (1800).
Papilio ewrinome, id., 1.c. (text).
Euxanthe eurinome, Hitbnen Verz. bek, Schm. p. 339. n. 39 (1816-27); Staud., Livot. Tagf. p. 140
(1886) (Gold Coast ; old Calabar ; Gabun); Auriv., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handi: xxxi. 5. p. 221.
n. 4 (1899).
Nymphalis ewrinome, Godart, Ent. Méth, ix. p. 398. n. 163 (1823) (9, “Ind. or.” ! ).
Anthora eurinome, Doubleday, List Lep. Ins. B.M. i. p. 99 (1846) (Sierra Leone ; Ashanti ; Congo).
Godartia ewrinome, Butler, Cat. Diurn. Lep. descr. by Fabr. p. 100. n. 1 (1869) (Ashanti).
3. Head and thorax black; posterior part of mesonotum, metanotum and first
abdominal tergite russet mummy-brown, with the long hairs partly grey ; abdomen
( 339 )
tawny-ochraceons, sternites basally black, especially the proximal ones, and marked
with white in middle.
Wings similar to those of wakefieldi in outline, rather more brownish in basal
region, the basal area of the forewing being often distinctly dark chocolate.
Forewing : cell with two markings, a proximal dot and a longitudinal oblique patch
extending from middle to near lower angle, the two markings for the greater part
white, often confluent, but the subbasal spot also often absent, and the larger spot,
which is mostly tridentate, not rarely reduced to a small streak or dot; discal
patches widely separated from one another, all elongate, the fourth spot, R°—M?,
much more distal than in wakefieldi, the distance from the base of M' equalling
or surpassing the length of the spot, spots R*—SM? shorter and narrower than in
wakejieldi, spot M!'—M? rounded off proximally, pointed distally, situated with the
proximal end behind (or nearly behind) point of origin of M1, spots M’—SM? always
separate ; streak before hinder margin prominent, seldom minute ; four postdiscal
spots SC*—R°, smaller than in wakefieldi, the first apparently always present, but
often small ; these spots greenish like the discal ones ; a complete series of eight
white submarginal spots, of which spot M'—M? is the largest, being generally
triangular or arrowhead-shaped ; white fringe-spots vestigial. Hindwing : central
area greenish, in size similar to that of wakefield’, consisting of five or six patches,
patches SC?—R? separated from one another and from the large cell-patch, the veins
being black, patch R°—M? small or absent, patch M!—M? mostly larger than in
wakefieldi, also separate, patch M—(SM?’) covered by white hairs ; cross-vein D*
often partly or entirely indicated by a black line ; postdiscal spots greenish, on the
whole larger than in wakejieldi, somewhat variable in size individually, spots R’—M?
often approaching in size spots C—R', spots M’—SM? small; a few submarginal
dots in the posterior cellules ; a complete series of rather large white admarginal
dots ; white fringe-spots vestigial.
Underside dark olivaceous bistre- or Vandyke-brown, basal costal areas of
both wings more or less tawny-russet ; posterior half of forewing black ; maculation
similar to that of upperside, but cell-patch of forewing and central area of hindwing
larger, the latter extending to abdominal margin, and the submarginal row of spots
of the hindwing complete.
?. The sexes differ in the same way as in wakefieldi. :
Wings, upperside. Forewing: cell-patch very large, completely merged
together with the proximal cell-spot, therefore appearing triangularly produced
basad ; discal patches Jarger than in 3, but similar in position, spot R’—R®* standing
far away from the base of M', while spot R‘°—M"’ reaches M, only in one of our
specimens (Gold Coast) spot R'—M! fills in entirely the base of cellule R°—M’,
most of the underscales of the proximal portion of the patch remaining, however,
also in this case black, all the patches separate ; four postdiscal spots as in d, but
larger ; a complete series of eight submarginal dots ; these small in the Gold Coast
specimen just mentioned, and the first, seventh and eighth shaded with black.
Hindwing : central area less extended distad than in this sex of wakefieldi, the
distal portions of the veins more distinctly black within the white area ; postdiscal
spots smaller than in the d, but larger than in wakefieldi 2; submarginal series
of dots complete or incomplete ; admarginal dots larger than the submarginal ones,
seldom smaller, the series complete ; white fringe-spots of both wings distinct.
Underside with similar markings as upper, submarginal spots of hindwing
larger.
( 340 )
3%. Neuration: SC' and SC? of forewing always anastomosed with C; D! and
D* oblique, D* longer than D*, equalling about D‘, D3 as in wakefieldi nearly
obliterated in upper half; cell of hindwing open, D* being absent, or rarely indicated
by a spur projecting from D*.
Early stages not known.
Hab. West Africa.
There are two subspecies :
a. I, eurynome eurynome.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus ewrinome Cramer, l.c,
Godartia eurinome, Butler, /.c. (Ashanti).
Euxanthe eurinome, Méschler, Abh. Senk. Nat. Ges. xv. p, 57, n. 59 (1887) (Aburi) ; Lathy, Zrans.
Ent. Soc. Lond. p, 193. n, 109 (1903) (Niger).
Godartia ansellica, Biittikofer, Reisebild, Liberia ii. p. 482. n, 61 (1890).
3. Central patch of hindwing white, becoming green in a disto-lateral aspect.
?. Markings of wings milky white, distal portions of veins within the
central area of hindwing thinly black on upperside, the white area reachirg beyond
curvature of R, patch R3—M? large, triangular, not isolated.
Hab. Sierra Leone to the Niger.
In the Tring Museum 12 dd, 12 22 from: Sierra Leone; Gold Coast ;
Warri, Niger, June 1897 (Dr. Roth).
6. BE. eurynome ansellica.
Anthora eurinome, Doubleday, List Lep. Ins. B. M. i. p. 99 (1840) (partim ; Congo),
Godartia eurinome, Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. i. p. 282. n. 1 (1850) (partim ;
Congo),
Godartia ansellica Butler, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 525, n. 21 (1870) (Kinsembo) ; id., Lep. Exot.
p. 51. t. 20. f. 1 (4) (1870) ; Druce, Proc. Zool, Soc, Lond. p, 410. n. 1 (1875) (Angola); Dewitz,
Nova Acta Leop. Car. Ak. Nat. L. 4. p. 369 (1887) (Mukenge; ¢ Oct., 2 March) ; Snellen,
Tijdschr. Ent. xxxv. p. 8 (1892) (= slight var. of eurinome).
Euxanthe ansellica, Dewitz, Nova Acta Lep. Car, Ak. Naturf. xii, 2. 2. p. 7 (1879) (Chinchoxo) ;
Staud., Exot. Tagf. p. 140 (1886); Smith, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 469. n. 60 (1890)
(Aruwimi).
Eucanthe eurinome, Aurivillius, Hxt. Tidskr. xv. p. 309. n. 181 (1894) (Kitta, Lova, Kamerun,
April, May, 2); id., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Mandl. xxxi. 5. p. 221. n. 4 (1899) (partim ;
Kamerun, Gabun),
Eucanthe eurinome var. ansellica, id,, l.c.
On the whole somewhat larger than the previous.
d. Discal and postdiscal spots of forewing and central area and postdiseal
spots of hindwing, above, more obviously yellowish green than in eur. ewrynome ;
underside duller olivaceons. The central area of the hindwing sometimes much
reduced, but as a rule not essentially smaller than in the more northern form.
?. Markings slightly but obviously greenish, rather smaller than in eur.
eurinome, especially the central area of the hindwing; this area not reaching
curvature of R*, the veins broadly black distally within the area, spot R'—M! small,
isolated. Abdomen more extended blackish brown above.
Hab. Cameroons to Angola and Unyoro.
In the Tring Museum 19 dd, 229 from: Bipindi, Cameroons ; Carnot-
ville; Bopoto, Congo; Kassai R.; Yanga, Ituri R., 29. v. 1899 (Dr. Ansorge) ;
Aruwimi Forest, three days’ march from Fort Beni, Congo Free State, 7. vy. 1899
(Dr. Ansorge) ; Kitanwa, Unyoro, 10, viii. 1897 (Dr. Ansorge),
Adore
op Saag
( 341 )
6. Euxanthe crossleyi.
Godartia crossleyi Ward, Ent. Mo, Mag. viii. p. 36 (1871) (Cameroons) ; id., Afr. Lep. p. 11. t. 8.
£. 1.2 () (1874) ; Oberth, Ht. Ent. xvii. p. 31. t. 1. £.7 (2) (1893) (Ogowé).
Euxanthe crossleyi, Kirby, Cat. Diurn. Lep. p. 740. n. 3 (1877) ; Staud., Exot. Tagf. p. 140 (1886) ;
Butl., Ann. Mag. N. H. (6). vii. p. 43. n. 19 (1891) (Kandera) ; Auriv., Ent. Tidskr. xv. p. 309.
n. 182 (1894) (N’Dian, Cameroons, Mai, 3); id., Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 221.
n, 3 (1899) (Cameroons ; ? Kandera).
3. Body as in eurynome ; forewing more stumpy than in that species, the
apex being more obtuse and the distal margin more rounded.
Wings, upperside, deep black, bluish in side-light; markings (except sub-
and admarginal dots) pale yellowish green.—Forewing: a basal costal streak of
variable length of the colour of the discal spots or ochraceous; cell with two spots,
one subbasal or in middle of cell behind SC, small, mostly merged together with
the other, which is large, occupying the greater part of the apical half of the
cell ; discal spots resembling in position somewhat those of ewrynome, all separate,
except sometimes spots M’—SM?, the last three and the streak before hinder
margin longer than in the other species, spot R*—M!' separated into two, the
smaller portion situated near the base of the cellule, often absent, the distal portion
placed as the respective spot of ewrynome, but is smaller, spot M'—M? filling in
base of cellule, pointed at both ends, streak M’—(SM*) reaching proximally at least
to middle of patch M1—M?, its distal end as near the distal margin as in eurynome,
streak (SM!)—SM? a little more distal than the one before it and mostly of the
same length, sometimes longer, sometimes shorter; streak at inner margin also
long ; one to four minute postdiscal dots SC‘—R? ; a complete series of submarginal
dots, of which dot M'—M? is the largest; fringe-spots vestigial. Hindwing :
costal edge white ; a large central area from C to (SM!) coloured like discal patches
of forewing, composed of seven patches, which in most specimens reach or approach
the postdiscal spots, postcellular patch covered with white hairs, the patches
separated by the black veins; postdiscal spots in size about the same as in
wakefieldi, being smaller than in ewrynome ; a complete series of yellowish sub-
marginal dots, and another of white admarginal ones ; white fringe-spots traceable
here and there.
Underside black or olive, in the latter case the forewing black from inner
margin to R?, a costal spot near base of forewing and basal costal patch on
hindwing ochraceous. Markings larger than above, the pale area of the hindwing
extending from costal to abdominal margin, the veins all black, and the submarginal
spots of the same wing white; forewing often with a black dot in the pale cell-
patch, and the spots R°—M! occasionally joined together.
?. Body paler than in d, meso-metanotum with white hairs laterally. Fore-
wing a little less triangular than in eurynome.
Wings, upperside, with the light marking very much enlarged, the markings
yellowish cream-colour— Forewing : cell-patch occupying five-sixths of the cell,
extended close to the veins, which remain black ; a long costal streak, a short one
behind SC*, three long streaks SC*°—R%, extending from cross-veins to near the
postdiscal spots, which they do not reach, four large patches R*—SM*, reaching
from cell to submarginal spots, only partly separated, the veins being partly cream-
colour, a long streak at inner margin, streak (SM')—SM? almost completely merged
together with streak M’—(SM°), forming one large streak which is incised distally
and triangnlarly sinuate proximally ; four postdiscal spots SC'—R*, more or less
( 342 )
triangular, at least as large as in ewrynome ; eight yellowish submarginal spots ——
Hindwing: pale area extended from costal to abdominal margin and from near
base to round postdiscal spots, veins within the area black at least distally; a
complete series of yellowish submarginal spots, which are somewhat larger than in
eurynome ; and an also complete row of white marginal dots ; white fringe-spots
present on both wings.
Underside: markings as large as above or larger ; the dark costal and distal
parts of the forewing and the distal area of the hindwing shaded over with grey,
only the basal patch of the forewing remaining deep black ; ochraceous basal
markings similar to those of ¢, paler; submarginal spots of hindwing white.
32. Neuration : essentially as in eurynome.
Early stages not known.
Hab. West Africa: Cameroons to Angola and the Aruwimi Forest.
In the Tring Museum, 6 dd, 2 2? from: Bipindi, Cameroons (Zenker) ;
Carnotyille ; Lukolele, Congo ; Cubal R., Angola, April 1899 (Penrice); 4 days’
march from Fort Beni, Vongo Free State, 8. v. 1899 (Dr. Ansorge).
7. Euxanthe ansorgei spec. nov.
d. Similar to Z. crossleyi, but the markings in the middle of the wings
much reduced. Most likely only the eastern subspecies of cross/ley?.
Wings, upperside. Forewing less stuampy than in crossleyi ; basal area
obseure chestnut, a pale basal costal streak creamy buff and ochraceous ; anterior
cell-spot minute, posterior one ovate, much narrower than the interspace between it
and median patch M'—M?’; median streaks SC*°—M' thin and much shorter than
in crossleyi, streak R'—M* midway between cell and submarginal dot, streaks
M'—SM? also reduced, being more like those of ewrinome than those of crossley?,
streak along internal margin shorter than in crossleyi and longer than in eurinome ;
four minute postdiseal dots ; white snbmarginal spots as in cross/ey’.—Hindwing :
median area extended to near base as in cross/ey?, and of the same pale yellowish
green colour, a streak behind cell and one each in front of and behind SM? white ;
the median area smaller than in crossley?, the streaks being shorter, not extending
beyond the bent of R’, streak R'—M! very small.
Underside representing similar differences from crossleyi as upper. Bases of
wings brighter ochraceous; greenish cell-patch of forewing occupying less than
one-third of the cell ; distal areas of both wings paler than in crossley?.
Neuration : as in crossley?, but SC? of forewing free.*
?. Not known.
Hab. Patsho, Nandi country, Uganda Protectorate. One ¢ caught by Dr.
Ansorge on February 22nd, 1899.
This species stands in a somewhat similar relation to crossleyi as does wakefieldi
to eurinome.*
* We have lately examined two specimens from the Hope Department, University Museum, Oxford.
These specimens have the spots slightly less reduced and SC? of the forewing anastomosed to C. We
have no longer any doubt that the form described above is a subspecies of erossleyi. Its name is
EL. crossleyt ansorgei.
( 343 )
NEW URANIIDAB, DREPANULIDAE AND GEOMETRIDAE
FROM BRITISH NEW GUINEA.
By W. WARREN, M.A., F.E.S.
oe species described in this paper were all obtained by Mr. A. S. Meek at the
Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, from the end of January to the
beginning of April 1903, at an altitude of 4000 feet and upwards.
Famuiy URANIIDAE.
Supramity EPIPLEMINAB.
Cirrhura gen. nov.
' Forewing : costa straight, becoming convex before the rounded apex ; hind-
margin straight, oblique ; anal angle well marked ; inner margin straight.
Hindwing : kite-shaped ; apex rectangular ; anal angle obtuse ; hindmargin
at vein 4 with a fine slightly depressed tooth, the margin above it straight, below it
to anal angle sinuous.
Antennae (%) lamellate, formed of short clavate teeth, but these not well
separated till towards apex ; palpi short, narrow, porrect slightly upward ; tongue
present.
Neuration : forewing, cell hardly one-third of wing ; discocellular fine, slightly
concave outwards ; first median nervule at two-thirds, second and third from lower
end of cell ; vein 5 from upper end of cell, whence also the stalk of 6, 7; 8, the
stalk of 9, 10 and vein 11, all three near together from about one-half of cell ;
9 anastomosing near cell with 8 and not separating till near costa : hindwing,
cell two-fifths of wing; discocellular very fine, oblique, angled outwards in
middle; 6, 7 and 3, 4 from angle of cell; 5 from the angle of discocellular ;
2 at three-fourths.
Type: Cirrhura cometifera spec. nov.
Nearest to Orudiza Wlk., but abundantly distinct.
1. Cirrhura cometifera spec. nov.
Forewing: purplish grey, thickly and regularly striated with darker grey ;
costal edge whitish, with short blackish marks ; lines brownish fuscous ; first from
one-fourth of costa to two-fifths of inner margin, straight ; second from just beyond
middle of costa to three-fourths of inner margin, nearly parallel to first line, but
slightly nearer on inner margin than on costa ; the first preceded, the second
followed, by a narrowly paler space ; cell-spot brown, indistinct ; submarginal line
waved, very indistinct, indicated by 3 brown scarcely conjoined spots obliquely
below one another in a line pointing towards apex below veins 7, 6, 5, with another
nearer margin below vein 4; hindmargin darker tinged ; fringe pale grey, with
darker middle line.
Hindwing : with a double brown outer line with pale centre, from two-thirds
of costa to four-fifths of inner margin, forming a bluntly-rounded projection towards
hindmargin between veins 4 and 3, then sinuous ; on discocellular an oblique brown
( 344 )
mark thickening downwards, below vein 5 trailing off into a double tail of black
and white scales running into the projection of outer line ; outer line edged by a
space of lilac grey scales, broader on costa and inner margin, followed by more
distinct blackish striae ; hindmargin from apex to tail narrowly white preceded by
a deep black line which curves out above the tail ; below it a white dash, running
out and fringing the tail below ; below the base of tail a roundish drop of purplish
and dark brown scales, with a shallow lunule nearer anal angle, both finely edged
with white and dark scales ; fringe grey, with base darker than the tips.
Underside dull cinereons, indistinctly striated.
Face and palpi black ; vertex and base of antennae snow-white ; thorax and
abdomen pale grey ; legs paler ; all the tarsi and fore- and midtibiae brownish.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
ib 2.
In outward appearance this species bears a very marked resemblance to several
South American species.
2. Epiplema inguinata spec. nov.
Forewing : white, with exceedingly fine and delicate black dots and striae, and
with three curved stains of greyish brown, all very faint and narrow towards costa,
but broader along inner margin, emphasised by fine black dots, especially on inner
margin ; the first at about one-fourth, the second just beyond middle, the third at
five-sixths ; the last two are curved outwards above, and the last ends in a black
blotch before anal angle ; a minute spot of black scales beneath apex ; an extremely
fine ochreous marginal line; fringe white.
Hindwing: with the two outer stains and an additional slight marginal one
below middle ; a black dot in cell near base and a more minute one below base of
lower tooth ; marginal line very fine ; fringe whitish.
Underside all white.
Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; tips of palpi and inside of foretibiae and
tarsi alone fuscous.
Expanse of wings: 24 mm.
3 es.
Allied to 2. denigrata Warr. from the Trobriand Islands.
Hindmargin of forewing entire ; of hindwing with fine tails at veins 4 and 7 ;
inner margin of forewing sinuate.
3. Monobolodes ustimacula spec. noy.
Forewing : ochreous tinged with fawn-colour, minutely grey-speckled ; costa
slightly darker ; an interrupted black-brown erect shade from inner margin just
before middle, not plainly reaching the costa, but apparently curved inwards
towards it ; a thick black erect line from three-fourths of inner margin reaching
vein 6, followed by first a narrow rust-coloured line and then another blackish one,
the anal angle occupied by a purplish black blotch ; a submarginal series of small
black dots from apex to anal angle; the marginal stripe darker and ferruginous-
tinged ; fringe with a pale shining base, and chequered along the tips with black.
Hindwing : Vlack-brown, except a narrow ochreous streak from base through
cell widening to hindmargin between veins 4 and 6 ; crossed by two parallel curved
black rusty-edged lines, antemedian and postmedian ; a row of small black marginal
Innnles on a paler ground ; fringe black-brown,
( 345 )
Underside yellowish ochreous, dark leaden grey towards the hindmargins.
Face and palpi, tips of patagia, metathorax and abdomen black-brown; shoulders
and patagia rufous ochreous ; vertex and antennae snow-white ; abdomen beneath
and legs ochreous ; forelegs in front brown-black.
Expanse of wings: 19 mm.
i 2.
The whole surface of the wings is somewhat glossy, and the dark shades in
certain lights have a plumbeous reflection.
4, Phazaca erosioides Wk.
In Nov. Zoot. iii. p. 278, I described an Epiplema undulata from Fergusson
Island, the specimen being a ?, remarking that it was much like Walker’s Bornean
species Phazaca erosioides, except that this had an almost white hindwing. Among
the Epipleminae lately received from A. S. Meek collected on the Upper Aroa
River, British New Guinea, I find 2 22 of ZH. undulata and 1 & of Phazaca
erosioides, the latter a very strongly marked dark example ; and there can be small
doubt that, different as the sexes appear, they yet belong to one and the same
species. In neuration Phazaca agrees with Epiplema, vein 5 of the forewing
rising from the upper end of the cell at the same point as the stalk of 6 and 7, and
veins 10 and 11 both rising from the cell; but the d to a certain extent simulates
the dd of Dirades, the hindwing being rounded, with a small insignificant tooth
at vein 7 only, and the space between veins 1 and 2 devoid of colour and pattern,
though without any pencil of hairs; the- 2 2 likewise have only a slight projection
at veins 4 and 7. In both sexes the apex of forewing is rounded, and the
hindmargin nearly straight, while their style and pattern of markings is strongly
suggestive of Dirades. The d antennae have closely placed clavate teeth. The
?¢ have been redescribed by Swinhoe as Hpiplema kohistaria from Port Blair,
Andaman Islands, cf. Ann. Mag. N. H. (7). ii. p. 807 (1900), though by a misprint
they are recorded as dd. The full synonymy will be as follows :—
Phazaca erosioides W\k., xxvii. p. 21 (3) (1863).
Epiplema undulata Warr., Noy. Zoot. iii. p. 278 (2) (1896).
Spiplema hohistaria Swinh., l.c. (1900).
Pterotosoma gen. noy.
The @ is like Epiplema in the neuration and general shape of forewing ; the
hindmargin quite as long as the inner margin, slightly protuberant in middle and
faintly indented beyond cell; but the hindwings agree with the 3d of Déirades in
neuration and in the possession of an inner marginal fold and pencil of hairs ; the
inner margin is shortened, and the hindmargin irregularly crenulate throughout, with
a more prominent tooth at vein 7, as in Monobolodes. The pencil of hairs rises
from the extreme base of wing, and is as long and conspicuous as in the 3 of D. onusta
Warr. The main characteristic is an appendage of rough scales enveloping the
basal segments of the abdomen beneath, and produced on each side in the form of
a tuft of hairs reaching nearly to apex; the costa of hindwing is evenly curved
throughout, and the inner margin of forewing straight.
Type: Pterotosoma bilineata spec. nov.
( 346 )
5. Pterotosoma bilineata spec. nov.
Forewing: Vilac-grey, slightly dark-speckled ; the lines rusty-brown ; the
first from one-third, and the outer nearly from two-thirds, of the costa, below
which they are somewhat curved, then vertical and parallel to each other to
a little beyond one-third and two-thirds of inner margin respectively, the outer with
a short projection below vein 4; a bilunate brown blotch before margin between
veins 4 and 6, with a dark spot or two above and below.
Hindwing :; with similar lines, but the outer one plainly edged with ochreous .
and bent on vein 5, both stopping short at vein 2; a black-edged yellowish sub- q
marginal Iunule on each side of vein 4 ; fringe rather darker ; the fold whitish, the '
tuft of hair yellowish and glossy. .
Underside paler, without any markings. a
Face and palpi black ; vertex and base of antennae cream-coloured ; thorax .
and abdomen like wings ; the tips of the lateral tufts pale. g
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
Iie ‘|
Superficially the insect is not at all unlike 1. simplex Warr. from India. k .
_
e
Famiry DREPANULIDAE. z
6. Oreta subvinosa Warr.
Along with a ¢ example, agreeing exactly with the type lately described in :
Noy. Zoot. x. p. 255, from Etna Bay, New Guinea, there has come another from the a
Upper Aroa River, differing in that the dark tints of both wings are all dull rufous :
brown, and the oblique line thin, inconspicuous, and curved, not straight and dark.
On the underside and in all other points this example agrees with the type.
The two specimens, both dd, were taken in March 1903.
7. Tridrepana fulvata Snell., ab. fasciata nov. and olivacea nov.
This species, described in the first instance from Java by Snellen, afterwards
under the names albonotata Moore and ochrea Butler from India, and lunulata
Butler from the Solomon Islands, is widely spread. In the British Museum there 4
are examples from Hong Kong, and in the Tring Museum from Japan, Penang,
Sumatra, Bali and New Guinea. In the last locality it appears to be subject to
aberrational forms not met with, except in one solitary instance, elsewhere. The
form I call fasciata consists merely in the area between first and second lines of the |
forewings being filled up with fulvous, generally without any alteration in the rest
of the wing, thongh in one instance the deeper shade is diffused over the whole
wing and the markings become thickened and blurred. Only in one example, from
Gunong Ijau, has a similar development been noticed, as far as I know, out of
New Guinea. The other form, olivacea, has not presented itself before. Out of
9 examples just received from the Upper Aroa River, 3 (2 dd, 1 #) are of the
typical form, 3 (2 dd, 1 2) belong to ab. /asciata, the remaining 3, all 3d, are on
the upperside dull olive-brown without a vestige of yellow, with the markings
precisely as in the type, but the central fascia deeper, as in the ab. fasciata.
Underneath the coloration is of the typical yellow, the only difference being that
the cell-spot, the costal portion of the outer line, and the fringes are olive-brown ;
( 347 )
the thorax, patagia, and abdomen are, like the wings, olive-fuscous ; abdomen
beneath and legs yellow, as in the type; in the brown upper half of face, the
yellow vertex and antennae, and the white front of the shoulders, they agree
with the type-form also.
All the examples were taken from February to April 1903.
Urogonodes gen. noy.
Forewing : costa convex towards apex, which is bluntly produced and sub-
falcate in the ?, blunt and rectangular in the ¢; hindmargin bluntly elbowed at
vein 3, faintly concave above and below.
Hindwing: apical and anal angles rounded ; hindmargin straight to a blunt
depressed tooth between veins 3 and 4, thence concave to anal angle; the inner
margin not shortened.
Antennae with close clavate teeth in both sexes; palpi extremely short ;
tongue and frenulum absent; hindtibia with terminal spurs only.
Nenration : forewing, cell more than half the length of wing; discocellular
strongly inangulate in middle, shortly vertical at lower end; first median nervule
at one-half, second at three-fourths; lower radial from the lower outward angle
of discocellular; vein 6 stalked with 7: 8 from upper end of cell, 10 and 11 long-
stalked from close before it, 9 absent ; hindwing, 7 long-stalked with 8, the stalk
touching the subcostal at a point at middle of cell; discocellular vertical above,
oblique below; first median nervule at two-thirds, second at eight-ninths, third
stalked with the radial.
Type: Urogonodes scintillans Warr. ( Oreta ?).
8. Urogonodes scintillans Warr.
Oreta? scintillans Warr., Noy. Zoou, iii. p. 273 (2) (1896)( Ferguson).
Cyclura inconspicua Warr., id. vi. p. 3 (2) (1899) (St. Aignan).
The type of scintil/ans was in very poor condition. In referring znconspicua to
Cyclura I remarked that the neuration did not agree: besides which, the inner
margin of hindwing is not shortened nor the hindmargin excised, as I have been
enabled to determine from the examination of specimens in good condition from the
Upper Aroa River. The description given of ‘nconspicua is good as far as it goes;
but there is an outer diffuse dark line, starting from costa at two-thirds, oblique
outwards to vein 7 near apex, then oblique inwards to two-thirds of inner margin.
This and the median shade together form an ill-defined broad central fascia, continued
across hindwing. The underside is better described as yellow ochreous. The
3 is smaller and darker, with a purplish tinge ; the two shades darker, marked by
black costal spots nearer together, the outer shade, when visible, approaching the
inner on submedian fold ; the dark marginal markings are developed into a deep
purple-brown blotch below middle, with some pale lilac-grey scales on it; there are
also sometimes traces of an innerline nearer base ; hindwings without distinct
markings, either purplish or reddish.
Underside of forewing of ¢ bright red, the inner margin and a large costal
blotch before apex yellow; the dark oblique line of the ? generally not so well
developed ; hindwings wholly bright red, flushed with yellow along costal and inner
margins, and in one example tinged with dark ; the line hardly shown.
( 348 )
Face and forelegs of ¢ bright red; thorax and abdomen sometimes dark
fuscous ; the shoulders always pale grey.
The discal spot of forewing is inconspicuons, especially in the dd.
These New Guinea specimens expand 30 mm. in the ?, and 22 mm. to 24 mm.
in the 3d.
43¢d,1 ?.
Famity GEOMETRIDAE.
Supramity ORTHOSTIXINAE.
9. Celerena hirtipes spec. nov.
Forewing : pale yellow ; the costa black to middle; the outer three-fifths of
wing black, containing a large oblong yellow blotch from costa beyond middle
towards anal angle, its sides generally parallel, but sometimes swollen below ;
the inner edge of the dark portion diffuse ; the yellow triangular basal area nearly
always more or less suffused with slaty grey, in the extreme cases with only the
base of cell yellow.
Hindwing : yellow, with a broad black border from before apex to above anal
angle.
Underside like upper; the basal area unsuffused, but always more restricted
than above, the transverse black bar being broader.
Face, palpi, thorax and abdomen yellow ; the tips of palpi blackish. Fore- and
midlegs and hindtarsus dark ; hindtibia with a large tuft of dark hairs at extremity.
Expanse of wings: 68 mm.
635,628.
The furrow in forewing of ¢ lies in the cell, as in vulgaris Butler and proxima
Meyr. In one ¢ example the slaty grey suffusion embraces not only the basal area
of forewing but the marginal areas of both wings, as in C. griscofusa Warr., but in
that species the shape of the yellow blotch is quite different. Both species have a
dark tuft of hair at the end of the hindtibia.
10. Celerena nigriceps spec. nov.
Forewing: deep yellow, the costa broadly black to middle, before which
an oblique black bar runs to anal angle and joins the marginal black area 3 the
yellow postmedian blotch bluntly pointed towards anal angle.
Hindwing : deep yellow, with a nearly uniformly broad black border from
before apex to anal angle.
Underside the same, but the transverse black bar broader.
Face, palpi, vertex, and shoulders all black; patagia, thorax, and abdomen
yellow. Fore- and midlegs and last four segments of bindtarsus dark ; hindtibia
and first segment of tarsus yellow; both slightly swollen, but without excrescences
or tufts of hair.
Expanse of wings: ¢ 44mm; % 44—48 mm.
6333 FE.
In this species the furrow in forewing of ¢ is short, and runs below the cell,
not through it ; both wings are shorter and broader by comparison, the hindwing
especially ; antennae of the d simply ciliated.
( 349 )
11. Celerena vulgaris Butler.
Along with the above-mentioned examples of C. hirtipes and nigriceps came
also 7 dd and 14 $ ? of another species, agreeing with /7zrtipes in the position and
length of the farrow in the d¢ forewing, but withont any tufts of hair on the
hindtibiae, though these are armed with an apical projection, and the first joint
of hindtarsi is swollen and triangular. In these the face remains yellow, while
the vertex and shoulders are dark. The width of the transverse black band
of forewing varies much. In four examples (3 ?¢ 1 ¢) it is very broad, and the
black suffusion extends along inner margin towards base. The 3 agrees exactly
with the description of provima Meyr. The rest, in which the basal yellow area
remains triangular and unsuffused, I refer to Butler’s vulgaris, of which proxima
Meyr. must be considered as an extreme aberration.
12. Rambara strigicosta spec. nov.
Forewing : white ; the costa freckled and striated with grey ; the lines formed
of ochreous spots ; first, basal, formed of three spots lying in a curve from one-fourth
of costa to one-fifth of inner margin ; the second, postmedian, from three-fourths of
costa to middle of inner margin ; the first five spots vertical to vein 4, except that
the spot on the radial is displaced basewards, the last two vertical beneath the
discocellular spot, the sixth obliquely half-way between the fifth and seventh ; sub-
marginal line continuous ; a row of rather large round marginal spots; cell-spot
large and black, irregularly triangular ; fringe white.
Hindwing : with cell-spot ochreous, moderate ; postmedian line strongly out-
curved at middle ; the rest as in forewings.
Underside white ; the costa of forewings striated with grey, and the cell-spot
blackish.
Head, thorax, and abdomen white; palpi externally dark fuscous ; second
segment of abdomen with black spots.
Expanse of wings: 25 mm.
igs
Supramity DYSPHANIINAR.
Microschema nom. nov.
I propose to substitute the above name for the genus called by me Dysschema
(Novy. Zoot. y. p. 10), which name has been already used by Hiibner.
Of the type species goniata 2 ? ? were received from the Upper Aroa River.
SupramMity PSHUDOTERPNINAE.
13. Actenochroma albifusaria.
Boarmia albifusaria Wik. xxxv. p. 1589 (2) (1866).
Pseudoterpna albifusaria Swinh, Cat. Lep. Het. O.M. ii. p. 385. t. 5. fig. 7 (1900).
The ¢ only has been hitherto recognised. In the fine collection made by
A.§. Meek in the spring of 1903 on the Upper Aroa River, there are 4 dd and
1%; the dd have simple antennae, and the species must be transferred to
Actenochroma. A comparison of the sexes also shows that it is only in the ? that
25
( 350 )
the white subcostal blotches are developed—one at base of cell, the other beyond
it ; in the 9? these remain green. In the hindwing the discal spot is followed
in the 2 by a square suow-white patch ; this is green or whitish green only in
the dd. In both sexes a noticeable feature, visible in fresh examples, is a
reddish patch on inner margin beyond the subterminal line.
14. Hypochroma modesta spec. nov.
Forewing : deep green, speckled with blackish ; the costal edge marked white
in places and striated with blackish ; the lines blackish, forming spots on costa ;
first quite close to base, obscurely marked; inner line at one-fourth, curved,
slightly prominent above and below median vein, and well marked with black and
some reddish scales following it on inner margin; outer line from nearly three-
fourths of costa to middle of inner margin, concave outward to vein 6, then lunulate-
dentate, and from vein 4 strongly incurved, marked like the inner line with black on
inner margin and preceded there by reddish scales ; cell-spot linear, oblique, very
obscure ; the inner line is preceded and the outer followed by a slight whitish or
bluish-white tinge, which is developed into a patch towards hindmargin, between
veins 3 and 4, and along submedian interval ; a few reddish scales before outer line
above vein 4 ; a row of black marginal lunules ; fringe blackish with paler base,
with a white fleck below vein 4.
Hindwing : similar ; the cell-mark accompanied by a pale spot ; submarginal
line faintly paler.
Underside of forewing greenish grey, freckled with blackish, and tinged with
olive towards hindmargin, which has a bluish-white patch below middle ; base of
cell yellow ; costa yellowish; cell-spot black ; hindwing in basal half like fore-
wing, the outer half black, with a broad whitish fascia along its inner edge and a
white patch on margin below vein 4.
Palpi and face dark brown, the face with a white bar at top and bottom ;
vertex green, brown in front; shoulders green, tipped with brown; thorax and
abdomen green, the latter becoming greyish ochreous in anal half and paler
beneath ; dorsal crests very inconspicuous.
Expanse of wings: 39 mm.
Ms
The hindmargin of forewing is slightly elbowed at vein 4. Hindwing with
6 and 7 separate ; forewing with 11 free.
15. Hypochroma saturataria.
Hypochroma saturataria W1k., xxv, p. 1593 (@) (1866).
Actenochroma ? caesia Warr., Noy, Zoou, iii. p. 282 (3) (1896).
Hypochroma perfulcata Warr., Noy. Zoot. vi. p. 326 (@) (1899).
Pseudoterpna saturataria Swinh., Cat. Lep. Het, O.M. ii. p. 384. t. 5. fig. 6 (L900),
The examination of a series of 9 dd and 9 ? ? of saturataria from the Upper
Aroa River, British New Guinea, enables me to make this correction. Hight dd,
6 2%, are all typically marked on the uppersides, but the ¢¢ are all orange-yellow
below, and the ?? bluish slate-colour, in one example pale blue; the black
marginal border is narrower and more broken in the ? , the apex and marginal
blotches bluish grey, instead of whitish ochreous. The remaining 3 ?? have
lost the bright green coloration of the upperside altogether, the slaty hue of
the underside predominating and suffusing the whole surface of both wings, while
( 351 )
the black markings remain the same as in the type-form. In one example, the
darkest of the three, the whole underside is a rich purple-blue. These three
?? are identical with the 2 described by me as Actenochroma? caesia from
Fergusson Island, and of which I have also seen a 2 from Ron Island. This
must now stand as an aberration of saturataria Wlk. 2. The redescription of
the d under the name of per/ulvata was due to the erroneous idea that Walker’s
types of saturataria and albifusaria, both given from Mysol, referred to one and
the same species. The ninth 3 of the series received differs from the type-form
on the upperside almost as much as the caesa form of the 2, and I describe it as
ab. perviriduta nov.
Forewing : pale green, slightly deeper green towards hindmargin ; all the
darker green mottlings and black lines and shades of the type-form wanting except
the costal speckling ; the inner and outer lines are marked only at inner margin
with black and red scales, the outer also with dark green beyond the cell;
submarginal line represented by a small patch of reddish scales on vein 5;
hindwings with the outer line faintly marked in black and red, some black and red
seales also on the upper half of discocellular and along subcostal vein towards
base ; the basal two-thirds of both wings and the veins throughout are con-
spicuously spotted and mottled with white. Head, thorax, and abdomen of the
same pale green as the wings, the bar at base of face and across the middle
of shoulders paler red than in the type. Underside like typical ¢¢ in all
respects.
The example is slightly larger than those of the ordinary form.
16. Hypochroma subrubella spec. noy.
Forewing : moss-green, varied with brown and fuscous, and striated with
blackish ; central area darker, its inner edge at one-third, vertical, slightly
indented below median, the outer from three-fourths of costa to two-thirds of inner
margin, slightly bent at vein 6 and concave to 4, then dentate-lunulate and
incurved, the teeth well marked on the veins ; cell-spot blackish, followed by a
paler patch ; basal third green, traversed by a band of reddish brown and fuscous
striae, broad and triangular at costa and fading out before inner margin ; a narrow
reddish and fuscous basal patch; submarginal line dentate, pale green, the teeth
whitish, filled up with reddish and fuscous, beyond a greenish band; marginal area
paler at middle, the veins marked broadly with brown, the intervals with green ;
indistinct marginal blackish lunules ; fringe greenish, darker beyond veins.
Hindwing : similar ; the outer line acutely dentate; generally the brown tints
predominate in the basal, the green in the marginal area.
Underside of both wings dull brick-red ; costa of forewing yellowish, speckled
with red ; an angulated blackish median line on both wings ; a submarginal row of
pale spots on veins preceded by a darker tinge ; fringe of both wings greenish
ochreous, mottled with reddish in forewing, tipped only with reddish in the
hindwing.
Face and palpi reddish above, ochreous below ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen
green varied with reddish ; the base of shoulders and patagia and the basal segments
of abdomen marked with reddish and fuscous scales; dorsal crests of abdomen
metallic, prominent, curled; antennae reddish.
( 362 )
Expanse of wings: ¢,35mm.; %, 40 mm.
3 64,1 2; the 2 wasted, the dd quite fresh.
Veins 6, 7 of hindwing separate; in forewing vein 11 anastomoses with 12,
10 with il, and again with 8, 9.
17. Pingasa acutangula spec. nov.
Forewing : white, dusted with pale greenish or reddish scales ; costa with fine
reddish-grey striations ; lines exceedingly slender, blackish with reddish scales in
part; first line from one-third of costa, preceded there by a small reddish-grey
cloud, acutely angled inwards below subcostal vein, then running outwards beneath
and parallel to subcostal to upper end of the discal mark, which is a long narrow
oval edged with black and red scales, and with the central scales raised ; then back
again parallel to its former course to below its first baseward angulation, acutely
angled on the median, again running outwards and forming a double blunt angle on
the submedian fold mixed with red scales, then oblique inwards to inner margin at
one-fifth, marked there by bright red scales. Outer line at two-thirds of costa,
forming three uniform outwardly wedge-shaped markings on veins 5, 6,7, and three
acutely angled teeth inwards in the intervals, the tooth above vein 4 sometimes
prolonged linearly to touch the cell-mark ; from vein 4 to 2 running in the direction
of the anal angle, thence oblique inwards, concave from 2 to 1, then straight to
before middle of inner margin, marked there, like the inner line, with red scales ;
marginal area beyond outer line straight to anal angle violet-grey, the submarginal
line paler and zigzag ; a slightly paler, somewhat greenish blotch on margin below
vein 4 ; marginal line festooned, black ; fringe violet-grey chequered with white.
Hindwing : with basal two-thirds white, dusted with greenish ; outer line
forming a curve from costa to below vein 5, concave inwards, another to vein 2,
marked with reddish teeth on the veins ; blackish lines between the veins denoting
the teeth of the submarginal line ; marginal area paler than in forewing, broken up
by patches of greeniskr white ; fringe white, marked with violet-grey beyond cell
and on submedian fold.
Underside white, with very deep black marginal band in each wing, its inner
edge running from two-thirds of costa to anal angle, leaving in forewing a square
apical spot and an oblong marginal spot below middle white; the spots in
hindwing longer and narrower ; a fine linear cell-mark on forewing.
Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish, dusted with reddish grey ; a fine double
reddish line along dorsum on each side of the crests, the segments sometimes
banded with reddish.
Expanse of wings: 48 mm.
236,4 ?%.
A remarkable species, distinguished by its acutely angled lines.
18. Pingasa rufilunata spec. nov.
Forewing : pal ewhitish green, in central area whitish dusted with pale green ;
inner line dark green, shaped much as in angulifera, but nearer the base, the
sharper angle on submedian fold marked with reddish scales ; outer line blackish
green, distinctly dentate-lunulate throughout, oblique outwards to vein 6, vertical to
vein 3, then oblique inwards, followed by four brown lunules below vein 3 and by
a brown lunulate cloud from vein 5 to costa, the slightly paler submarginal line
ee ee en ee ee
a a) aaiieall ira yews. r ® Ettore
( 353 )
forming the edge of the brown markings ; black marginal spots between the veins ;
fringe pale greyish green ; cell-spot linear, blackish green, with traces of a small
dot above it.
Hindwing : without first line; some dark scales at base; cell-spot green.
Underside whitish, with a greenish tinge; a blackish marginal border to
forewing, paling towards hindmargin and apex, but leaving no distinct spots, its
inner edge sinuous; cell-spot large, with a small dot above it; hindwing with
slight cell-spot, the black border narrower, its inner edge curved and subcrenulate,
its outer more broadly pale.
Face deep black ; palpi pale greenish ochreous ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen
green, the last with the basal segments dusted with blackish laterally, the anal
segments and underside ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 40 mm.
Ine:
Akin to P. angulifera Warr., but smaller and more neatly marked; the
underside quite different.
Supraminy GHOMETRINAE.
19. Agathia conjunctiva spec. nov.
Forewing : deep green, without any yellow tint ; the markings brownish liver-
coloured ; all much broader and more ample than those of A. pisina Butl., which
to a great extent they resemble ; the central fascia is more oblique, less constricted
above and below the middle, and instead of ending vertically at middle of inner
margin, curves obliquely outwards and coalesces below vein 1 with the dark outer
area; the inner edge of this area is oblique and indented once only, at vein 4 ;
within its inner edge is a lustrous violet dentate line, well marked; the subapical
green blotch is bilobed and never reaches below vein 4 ; below it are two isolated
yellow-green spots; the marginal area becomes paler brown with dark slender
strigae ; fringe red-brown.
Hindwing: with the marginal two-fifths dark, the inner edge merely bent,
without any sinus, or at least with only a slight indentation at vein 4; the grcen
submarginal oval blotch, the tooth and pale spot below it, as in pésina; but the
fringe red, darker beyond veins.
Underside like pisina, but the bands broader.
Shoulders, base of patagia, and a spot on metathorax green; all the rest
violet-brown ; face and palpi below ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 44 mm.
639:
This is nearest to the ? of A. subcarnea Warr., from which it is at once
separable. Unfortunately, as in the case of A. obnubilata, no 3d have been
secured,
20. Agathia obnubilata spec. nov.
Forewing : bright pale green; the basal patch, a thick sinuous antemedian
fascia, and the whole outer half of wing smoky olive-grey-green ; the costa grey-
speckled; the edge of basal patch curved; the fascia bluntly rounded outwards
above the median vein, and inwards below it, coalescing with the marginal dark area
above the submedian vein; this area inwardly projecting at vein 3 and more bluntly
( 354 )
below 6, with an outward sinus between; a pale green oblong subapical patch
between veins 5 and 7, crossed by a row of pale green submarginal blotches of
varying intensity, sometimes absent ; fringe olive-grey.
Hindwing : with very small basal patch and no fascia ; the pale green colour
forming a square projection in cell into the dark outer area; a narrow elongated
pale green blotch before margin from vein 7 to 5, and a small red-brown blotch on
margin below vein 4, preceded by a pinkish ochreous dash; fringe olive-grey ;
a small pale green spot above anal angle between veins | and 2.
Underside cream-colour, faintly green-tinged in the forewing; the fascia very
pale pinkish above median vein ; a broad dull vinous submarginal fascia, pinkish
inwardly, then crossed by a thick black zigzag cloud, and externally striated and
blotched with blackish; small patches of reddish and black striae at apex and
middle of hindmargin ; hindwing with the broad internal pink-tinged area of the
submarginal fascia very faint, the dark portion narrower; the tooth blackish grey,
and the fringe darker than in forewings.
Abdomen beneath, legs, antennae, and palpi cream-colour ; palpi above, upper
part of face and fillet grey-green ; vertex, shoulders, metathorax, and dorsal
patches on the segments of abdomen bright green ; patagia and rest of abdomen
olive-green.
Exxpanse of wings: 44 mm.
522.
Allied in markings and coloration, but not in outline, to A. diversiformis
Warr.
21. Anisogamia coerulea spec. nov.
Forewing : bluish green, more thickly scaled than in chionoplaca Lower and
its allies, the veins not darker nor marked with white dots ; costa narrowly dotted
with white and fuscous ; lines white ; first from one-sixth of costa to one-third of
inner margin, minutely biangulated outwards in cell and on submedian fold ;
cell-spot dark green ; outer line strongly zigzag at five-sixths, bisinuate inwards on
submedian fold, at each side of vein 4 more broadly white ; marginal white spots
at end of veins, that at vein 4 enlarged into a blotch ; fringe pale greenish.
Hindwing : the same, but without inner line. ;
Underside whitish ; costal area of forewing greener, costal edge yellowish. —
Face and palpi white below, olive-green above; fillet and antennae white;
vertex, thorax, and abdomen of the same bluish green as the wings ; dorsum with
white spots, abdomen beneath and legs white.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
one Pe
22. Anisogamia rufipunctata spec. nov.
Forewing: semidiaphanous, deep green; the veins finely deeper green,
speckled with white ; costa brown, dotted with white; the lines starting from deep
yellow spots; the first, very fine and wavy from one-fourth of costa to one-third of
inner margin ; the outer from three-fourths of costa to three-fourths of inner margin,
Iunulate-dentate, vertical and distinct to vein 4, then oblique and obsolescent ;
marginal line crenulate, deep green, with large pink spots at the teeth ; fringe pale
green, pink beyond the spots ; a slight reddish tinge in certain lights below end of
cell between veins 2 and 3,
( 355 )
Hindwing : similar ; the apex with a shallow reddish smear from vein 8 to 6.
Underside pale iridescent green ; costa of forewing brown-speckled, with a spot
at the origin of outer line.
Palpi white below, rather bright red above and externally ; face green, whitish
below ; antennae red, white-dotted ; vertex, shoulders, patagia, and basal segments
of abdomen deep green; thorax and rest of abdomen pink with thick black
speckling ; anal segment of abdomen and underside whitish ; laterally with a green
stripe ; legs pinkish, forelegs red.
Expanse of wings: 35 mm.
2 22.
Allied to metaspila Wlk., saturataria Wik., and goniota Lower.
In this species from the base of forewing beneath there depends a fan-like tuft
of long green hairs. A similar tuft is present in several (probably all) of the allied
species ; in goniota Lower, chionoplaca Lower, lithocrossa Meyr., and subvenusta
Warr., the tuft is green ; in fascinans Lucas, nigrimaculata Wartr., insperata W1k.,
and muscosa Warr., white. The hairs composing the tuft probably soon get worn
off, as they are always most conspicuous and perfect in the freshest specimens.
23. Chlorochroma gigas spec. nov. and ab. minor nov.
Forewing : pale green; costa reddish grey, costal edge white, except at base ;
two fine white lines ; the first obscure, from one-sixth of base to one-third of inner
margin, bent on the median; the second from two-thirds of costa straight to
two-thirds of inner margin, very fine or obsolete above, thickening downwards ;
cell-spot dark green ; fringe yellow beyond a fine red basal line, which is sometimes
marked by red dots at the vein-ends.
Hindwing : similar ; the first line curved at submedian fold, the second bent
at vein 3.
Underside whitish green, the outer line showing through; costa of forewing
reddish.
Face green; palpi white below, sometimes tinged with reddish externally,
the terminal segment reddish fuscons ; vertex and antennae white ; collar crimson ;
thorax and abdomen deep green with a yellow dorsal line; anal segment and
underside white.
Expanse of wings: 44 mm.
DG 5-L. 9
The hindmargin of the hindwing is bluntly bent at vein 4.
The form which I call ab. minor differs first in its smaller size, 34—40 mm.,
and in the direction of the outer line of hindwing. This, instead of being bent
at vein 3 and so running, as in ,the type-form, parallel throughout to the hind-
margin, runs nearly straight across the wing, with a slight curve, if any, below the
submedian fold.
Of this form there were 3 dd and 2 2 ? taken along with the type specimens.
24. Chlorochroma indistincta spec. nov.
Forewing : dull dark sage-green, with a slight bluish tinge in certain lights
when fresh ; costa narrowly white ; fringe green ; cell-spot deeper green ; the two
transverse lines very obscure, sometimes hardly distinguishable, and then marked
only by the deeper tint accompanying them ; first curved from one-fourth of costa
( 356 )
to one-third of inner margin, second from two-thirds of costa to three-fourths of
inner margin, lunulate-dentate, oblique outwards to vein 4, then somewhat sinuate
inwards.
Hindwing : the same.
Underside white, in forewings slightly greenish beneath the white costa.
Palpi below white: above and externally green; face, vertex, thorax, and
abdomen deep green; fillet and antennal shaft snow-white; the pectinations
greenish ; abdomen beneath and legs white; forelegs greenish.
Expanse of wings: ¢, 30—32 mm. ; ?, 33—36 mm.
Poet gts eh EMIEY,
25. Chlorochroma marginepunctata spec. noy.
Forewing: pale green, somewhat transparent ; costa broadly white; lines
whitish, indistinct ; first from costa near base to one-third of inner margin, out-
curved above and below the median ; outer from three-fourths of costa to two-thirds
of inner margin, regularly lunulate-dentate, but only the teeth marked distinctly
white on the veins ; the inner line is followed, as the outer is preceded, by a slightly
deeper shade of green ; cell-spot rusty ; fringe whitish-yellowish, with ferrnginous
spots at base between the veins.
Hindwing : without first line, the outer curved.
Underside whitish green.
Face and palpi green above ; fillet and antennae snow-white; vertex. thorax,
and abdomen green, the last with white dorsal spots; legs whitish, the forelegs
tinged with greenish.
Expanse of wings: 38 mm.
Catt.
Hindwings elbowed at vein 4.
26. Chlorochroma minutipuncta spec. nov.
Forewing: deep green, paling towards hindmargin ; costa narrowly fuscous ;
two darker green transverse lines near together: the first waved, from one-fourth
of costa to quite one-third of inner margin, oblique from costa; second from just
beyond middle of costa to beyond middle of inner margin, vertical, lunulate-dentate ;
a black cell-speck of raised scales; fringe pale green, with minute dark specks at
the base beyond veins, that at apex large.
Hindwing: similar; the outer line parallel to hindmargin, which is hent at
vein 4; the spot at vein 4 larger.
Underside whitish green, greener in forewing ; the hindmargins always paler.
Face and palpi green, the palpi ochreous below; fillet and antennal shaft snow-
white, the pectinations rufous ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green, the last with
white dorsal spots ; anal segment and underside of abdomen, and the legs whitish ;
forelegs green-tinged.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
3366,1 $.
27. Chlorochroma polluta spec. nov.
Forewing: bright apple-green ; costal edge yellowish white, narrowly under-
lined with pinkish grey; the lines whitish, fairly distinct, obscurely lunulate-dentate ;
first from one-fourth of costa to one-third of inner margin, curved ; the second from
i
——»
( 357
two-thirds of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, outcurved above median vein ;
cell-spot black accompanied by some fuscous scaling, which is sometimes confined
to the discocellular and at others is diffused in parts over nearly the whole of
the space between the lines and along their course; marginal red spots beyond
the veins ; fringe deep yellow.
Hindwing : with the outer line strongly curved in the middle and bent in to
three-fifths of inner margin ; cell-spot black, without any fuscous scaling; fringe
deep yellow, sometimes reddish-tinged.
Underside whitish green; forewing dark green in costal half; the costa
coloured as above.
Face green; palpi white below, the terminal segment fuscous ; vertex and
antennae white; collar crimson, yellow behind the eyes; thorax and abdomen
green, with a yellow dorsal line; anal tuft and underside white.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
26,2 22.
The hindwing bluntly elbowed at vein 4.
28. Chlorochroma punctulata spec. nov.
Forewing : blue-green ; costal edge ochreous; the lines slightly paler ; first,
waved, oblique, from near base of costa to one-third of inner margin ; the outer
lunulate-dentate, from two-thirds of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, slightly
projecting on veins 3 and 4; space between the lines a little darker; purple
marginal dots at ends of veins ; fringe yellow ; cell-spot minute, dark green.
Hindwing : like forewings.
Underside very pale green, deeper on forewing below the yellow costal streak ;
marginal dark dots conspicuous.
Palpi red above, whitish below; face red; fillet and shaft of antennae snow-
white, the pectinations green; vertex, thorax, and abdomen blue-green ; anal
segment and underside of abdomen whitish ; legs whitish, forelegs reddish fuscous.
Expanse of wings: ¢,34mm.; ?, 40 mm.
633,429.
Endemia gen. nov.
Forewing : with costa straight; apex bluntly rounded ; hindmargin slightly
curved.
Hindwing : with apex rounded; anal angle rectangular; hindmargin faintly
bent at middle.
Antennae of 3 with straight even pectinations to three-fourths, these ciliated ;
of ? annulate, pubescent. Palpi upturned in front of face, short, terminal segment,
short, pointed ; tongue and frenulum present, the latter very fine ; hindtibia thick,
with four spurs and a projection at end ; tarsi quite short.
Neuration: forewing, cell less than half the length of wing ; discocellular
concave ; first median nervule at two-thirds, second and third from the lower end
of cell ; lower radial from upper two-thirds of discocellular, upper from top end
of cell ; 10, 7, 8, 9 stalked from the end, 11 just before them, anastomosing with
12, 10 with 11; hindwing with 3, 4 and 6, 7 stalked,
Type: Lndemia tenera spec. nov.
( 308 )
29, Endemia tenera spec. noy.
Forewing: smooth grass-green, slightly diaphanous ; costa reddish fuscous ;
lines neatly marked, darker green ; first from costa close to base to one-third of
inner margin, outcurved above and below median; outer, lunulate-dentate from
two-thirds of costa to three-fifths of inner margin, projecting at veins 3 and 4;
discocellular darker green, with a point in its lower half of raised black scales ;
fringe green, darker along base.
FHindwing : the same, but without first line.
Underside silky white ; upper half of cell of forewing and the parts beyond
greenish.
Face and palpi dull red above, white below; antennae red, the apical fourth
white ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green, the last with white dorsal spots ; anal
segment, underside, and legs whitish; forelegs tinged with green.
Expanse of wings : 26 mm,
16,3 22.
30. Hemistola? punctifimbria spec. nov.
Forewing: dark bluish green ; costa dark brown with fine ochreous dots ; the
lines whitish, the first generally interrupted and obscure above the median, out-
curved on both sides and with the teeth marked whiter on the veins ; outer line
from below three-fourths of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, the teeth forming
broad wedge-shaped marks on the veins, interrupted between; the central area
deeper green, especially along the lines ; cell-spot dark green ; fringe green, with
paler outer half, sometimes obscurely chequered with darker.
Hindwing : without first line ; the fringe distinctly chequered with brown, the
spot at vein 4 prominent.
Underside bluish white, glossy ; the forewing mainly suffused with deeper
green; the costa as above ; fringes of both wings olive-green with distinct brown
chequering.
Palpi, face, and vertex deep green; thorax and abdomen bluer green; the
latter with white segmental rings sometimes forming dorsal spots; the metathorax
with a large white spot; towards the anus and beneath the abdomen is white ;
pectus and femora green ; tibiae and tarsi dark fuscous with ochreous rings.
Expanse of wings : 42—46 mm,
429.
Placed in Hemistola provisionally in the absence of the ¢.
31. Iodis costipicta spec. nov.
Forewing : bluish green, speckled with dark green ; the costa orange striped
with green ; markings green ; an undefined cloud near base, and a curved diffuse
band from below two-thirds of costa to beyond middle of inner margin, touching on
the inner side a green cell-mark ; hindmargin darker green ; fringe green,
Hindwing : like forewings.
Underside pale bluish green with the fringes deep green; costal half of
forewing yellowish green ; costa itself yellow.
Face and palpi above olive-green ; fillet and shaft of antennae white, the
pectinations olive-green ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green ; abdomen beneath
and legs white; the fore- and middle-legs green-tinged.
( 359 )
Expanse of wings : 22 mm.
1.
Near J. centrophylla Meyr. from Australia and viridaurea Warr. from Ron
Island.
32. Iodis fragilis spec. nov.
Forewing : delicate pale green, with a bluish gloss, caused by a sprinkling of
fine whitish scales ; costa from near base pinkish grey, in one case pinkish ochreous ;
the lines whitish, dentate-lunulate; the first from near base to one-third of inner
margin, the outer from two-thirds of costa to nearly three-fourths of inner margin,
the first followed and the outer preceded by deeper green ; cell-spot green. In
some cases both lines are very faint and indicated mainly by the dark green shades ;
in others quite distinct and the outer marked by white points on veins, while the
cell-spot is followed by a white spot ; fringe green.
Hindwing : like forewing, similarly varying.
_Underside whitish green ; the costal half of forewing delicate pale green ; the
costal edge as above.
Face and palpi green above, white below; fillet and shaft of antennae white ;
the pectinations olive-green or yellowish; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green ;
segmental rings white; anal tuft and underside of abdomen white; legs white, the
forelegs greenish-tinged.
Expanse of wings: 24 mm.
99d,2 22.
33. Loxochila? meeki spec. nov.
Forewing: dark green, thinly scaled ; costa ochreous spotted with purple ;
the lines white, very strongly waved ; first, more or less interrupted, from one-fifth
of costa to one-fourth of inner margin, bent outwards above and more strongly below
the median, marked with white on the veins and at the ends of the projections ;
outer line from five-sixths of costa to,two-thirds of inner margin, marked by
three white spots placed obliquely on veins 7, 6, and 5, and below 5 lunulate-dentate,
the outer teeth and the Iunule on submedian fold more broadly white, an acute
white tooth running inwards along vein 1 ; cell-spot dark green ; marginal line
finely white; fringe purple at base, with whitish tips and chequered with white
between the veins.
Hindwing : similar, without first line.
Underside whitish green, the lines showing through; fringes and costa of
forewing as above.
Face and palpi wholly dark green ; fillet and antennae white ; vertex, thorax,
and abdomen green; metathorax with white crest; dorsum with white spots ;
pectus and sides of abdomen green; femora green ; tibiae and tarsi purple-brown
spotted with ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 60 mm.
1s.
Pauresthes gen. nov.
Among the Geometrinae from New Guinea lately received from A. 8. Meek
there are a few which cannot be satisfactorily referred to any existing genus, and
which, as not apparently occurring in the neighbouring islands, are probably
( 360 )
endemic developments. The four species before me, while all characterised by
enlargement and coloration of the discal stigma, are separable into two quite distinct
groups. That for which I propose the name Pauresthes seems most nearly related
to Anisogamia metaspila and its allies. As in those species, the margins of both
wings are crenulate and the wings themselves semitransparent, though not to the
same extent. In P. caniola, which I make the type, the cells are shorter than
half the wing and vein 6 of forewing is stalked with 7; in the other the cells are
longer.
34. Pauresthes caniola spec. nov.
Forewing: dark green, thinly scaled, dusted with very fine bluish white
scales ; costal edge yellow throughout ; the two transverse lines dentate-lunulate,
only marked by the shade of deeper green following the first and preceding the
second ; the first from costa near base to one-third of inner margin, obliquely
curved, and slightly indented on submedian fold; outer line from three-fourths
of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, strongly dentate, and as deeply insinuate
between the teeth, especially on submedian fold, the teeth on veins 3 and 4 equally
produced and forming a squarish projection ; fringe green; cell-spot black, set in a
dise of hoary rufous grey scales, somewhat diffusely edged with a ring of olive-green
and blackish scales.
Hindwing : without first line; the black cell-spot large and placed in a
pyriform disc of reddish-brown scales speckled with black.
Underside whitish green, the markings only showing through ; costa of fore-
wing yellow; fringes dark green.
Palpi white below, greenish-tinged externally, the terminal segment greenish
fuscous, sometimes reddish-tinged ; face yellow-green above, whitish below ; fillet
and base of antennae white; rest of antennae reddish; vertex blue-green ; collar
whitish ; thorax and abdomen dark green, the latter with white dorsal spots ;
abdomen beneath and legs whitish ; forelegs in front and internally reddish.
Expanse of wings: 40 mm.
22%.
Cell less than half of wing; vein 6 of forewing stalked with 7; veins 6, 7
and 3, 4 of hindwing stalked.
35. Pauresthes signifera spec. nov.
Forewing : sea-green, semidiaphanous ; the space between the two transverse
lines deeper green ; costal edge fuscous; the lines faintly whitish; first from
one-sixth of costa to one-third of inner margin, outcurved above and below
median vein; second from three-fourths of costa to two-thirds of inner margin,
dentate-lunulate, outeurved from costa to submedian fold, the teeth whiter on the
veins ; fringe green ; cell-spot irregularly lunate, brownish ochreous speckled with
black scales, the whole surrounded with white scales.
Hindwing : similar, but the cell-mark much larger, ear-shaped and constricted
in the middle ; the outer line bent parallel to hindmargin.
Underside whitish green, the spots showing through.
Face and palpi green above, white below ; fillet and antennae white ; vertex,
thorax, and abdomen dark green. Abdomen beneath and legs white,
Expanse of wings: 29 mm,
1°.
( 361 )
In forewing vein 6 from upper angle of cell, which is half the length of wing ;
cell of hindwing more than half as long as wing ; 6, 7 short-stalked.
Poecilostigma gen. nov.
Forewing: elongate; costa straight, curved only at base and before apex ;
hindmargin curved, not crenulate.
Hindwing: with anal angle well marked, apical angle rounded ; hindmargin
slightly elbowed at vein 4, sinnous above.
Frenulum present, but obscure. Structure and neuration as in Chlorochroma.
Coloration whitish green, with rust-coloured markings.
Type: Poecilostigma vagabunda spec. nov.
36. Poecilostigma periculosa spec. nov.
Forewing : whitish green, the dark green scaling on a bluish-white ground ;
costa grey-brown speckled with dark fuscous ; the lines darker green, mixed with
rufous and brown scales ; first from one-fourth of costa to one-third of inner margin,
outcurved above and below median vein, the teeth marked with brown on the veins ;
outer line from two-thirds of costa to just beyond middle of inner margin, lunulate-
dentate, strongly outeurved in midwing, the teeth brown and acute ; a row of black
marginal spots at the vein-ends; fringe yellow. Cell-spot a large blotch of
irregular shape, jasper-red edged with black, containing a patch of hoary-grey scales
in middle and at top, angled outwards on vein 5.
Hindwing: Vike forewing ; the cell-mark smaller, triangular, with acute
teeth and whitish centre; the marginal spot at vein 4 large.
Underside bluish white, the cell-marks showing through; marginal spots
black-red.
Palpi beneath, lower half of face, vertex and base of antennae snow-white ;
palpi above, upper half of face, tips of antennae, back of crown, and the collar
deep red-brown ; thorax and abdomen green, the latter with a rust-red dorsal stripe
forking on metathorax.
Underside of abdomen and lees white ; forelegs fuscous reddish.
Expanse of wings: 36 mm.
12:
In hindwings 6, 7 from end of cell ; 3, 4 short-stalked.
37. Poecilostigma vagabunda spec. nov.
Forewing : whitish green ; costa brown, broadest at middle; a dark spot near
base of median vein; lines dull rust-colour; first from costa close to base to
one-fourth of inner margin, strongly outcurved on each side of the median vein ;
outer line from three-fourths of costa, oblique outwards to vein 6, vertieal to vein 5,
then incurved and oblique to two-thirds of inner margin, dentate outwards on veins;
the inner margin with a rust-coloured streak ; the angulated discocellular marked
in rust-colour ; marginal spots rust-colour ; fringe pale green.
Hindwing : similar ; the inner line simply curved, and the discal mark dark
green; marginal spots at veins 1, 4, and 6 larger.
Underside bluish white without markings ; the spots at ends of veins 4 and 6
of hindwing alone marked.
( 362 )
Face and palpi whitish below, dark brown above; vertex, thorax, and
abdomen blue green; metathorax with a large brown blotch; middle segments
of abdomen with two pairs of brown spots; antennae of ¢ with the shaft
greenish, the pectinations brown ; of ? green at base, then reddish; legs white ;
forelegs with femora reddish, tibiae olive-green, in the d with a reddish pencil
of hairs beneath.
Expanse of wings: ¢, 38 mm.; ¢, 40 mm.
ees,
Veins 6, 7, and 3, 4 of hindwing stalked.
Pyrrhaspis gen. nov.
Forewing: triangular, costa straight; hindmargin faintly curved, nearly
vertical.
Hindwing: with inner margin prolonged, hindmargin curved, anal angle
prominent.
Antennae of & bipectinate, apical half or third simple; of ? simple; palpi
obliquely porrect upwards; third segment longer in ¢ than 6; tongue and
frenulum present; hindtibiae of ¢ with four spurs and a process.
Neuration: as in Thalassodes Guen.
Type: Pyrrhaspis coerulea spec. nov.
38. Pyrrhaspis coerulea spec. nov.
Forewing : pale blue-green; costa ochreous yellow; lines marked by white
spots on the veins; first close to base, with spots on median and submedian only ;
outer from four-fifths of costa to three-fifths of inner margin, sinuous, the spot on
vein 4 being displaced outwards ; fringe blue-green ; cell-spot slightly darker.
Hindwing : without inner line of spots.
Underside uniform bluish white ; fringe unspotted.
Face and palpi red-brown above, snow-white in lower half; the brown and
white of the face divided by a green line; fillet and antennal shaft white ;
pectinations bronzy yellow; vertex, thorax, and abdomen blue-green; dorsum
with silvery white spots, that on second segment large, the upper half pink ; legs
ochreous white ; forelegs fuscous-tinged.
Expanse of wings: 40 mm.
1¢.
The ¢ antennae have only the apical third simple.
39. Pyrrhaspis punctifimbria spec. nov.
Forewing: apple-green, with the costa and lines almost the same as in
coerulea, both lines with the white spot on vein | continued as a blotch to inner
margin; the spots of the outer line less strongly sinuous, that on vein 4 being
scarcely displaced ; fringe spotted with dark at the vein-ends below apex, sometimes
almost obsoletely.
Hindwing: like forewings, without basal line, the marginal spots more
distinct.
Underside whitish green; the fringe of both wings strongly chequered with
purplish beyond the dark marginal spots.
Palpi red above, white below ; face bright green with a red bar at top ; fillet
( 363 )
and antennal shaft white ; pectinations rafous; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green ;
dorsal spots as in coerulea.
Expanse of wings: 37 mm.
2 ein dh
The ¢ antennae have the apical Aa// simple.
40. Pyrrhorachis viridula spec. nov.
Forewing: delicate green; costa reddish, black-speckled, the inner edge
yellow; hindmargin with a row of contiguous black-speckled purple-red Junules,
preceded by a yellow line with silvery white specks between the lunules, and
followed by an orange marginal line, with specks of black scales at the vein-ends ;
fringe orange and black.
Hindwing: with similar marginal border, the silvery spots between lunules
larger.
Underside paler, with the fringes and costa of forewing reddish.
‘Face and palpi bright red above, pale below ; vertex bright red; fillet and
antennae white ; shoulders and patagia green; thorax and abdomen deep red with
black speckles ; a pale line on first two dorsal segments ; abdomen at sides and
beneath ochreous ; forelegs reddish.
Expanse of wings : 16 mm.
lo.
Distinguished from P. deliciosa Warr., which it otherwise closely resembles, by
the green, not blue, ground-colour.
41. Rhomborista inquinata spec. nov.
Forewing: apple-green, rather thinly scaled ; costa with fine short dark brown
striae on an ochreous ground ; lines dark purplish brown, more or less interrupted
and indistinct ; first from one-fourth of costa to one-third of inner margin, lunulate-
dentate, forming deep lunules outwards, two above and two below the median vein,
the teeth running far in towards base and marked with a brown and white dash on
the three veins, the line really being double with a pale ochreous centre ; cell-spot
dark brown, often with another brown spot above it ; outer line at three-fourths,
also double, the lunules pointing inwards and the teeth, marked light aud dark,
much nearer margin, forming a submarginal row of dashes, the top three beneath
costa often becoming. large spots ; towards costa and between the two lines a lot
of brown transverse striae ; a row of marginal brown spots at end of veins ; fringe
green with reddish mottlings.
Hindwing : with the inner line single, the outer shown only by the submarginal
line of points, the Iunules being dark green and obscure, and marked by a dark spot
on inner margin and a reddish one below vein 5; marginal dots as in forewings,
that at vein 4 large ; an oblong dark blotch at anal angle ; extreme base of wing
white.
Underside pearly whitish green ; costal region of forewing tinged with pale
green, the costal edge white with brown flecks.
Palpi whitish, tinged above with red-brown ; face green, brown above, some-
times wholly brown; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green, the last with white dorsal
spots; a spot on basal segment and another on metathorax brown ; antennae
( 364 )
speckled fuscous and ochreous ; abdomen beneath and legs cream-colour ; forelegs
in front fuscous with pale rings.
Expanse of wings : 39 mm.
3 d6d,4 22.
42. Tanaorhinus unipuncta Warr.
The 2 of this New Guinea species is a most beautiful insect. Instead of dark
green, the wings are deep chocolate, with the central fascia of forewing white
thickly dusted with chocolate atoms, the only green parts being a tinge at base,
along inner margin at the bottom of the central fascia, and along the hindmargin ;
the edge of the basal patch and the submarginal line are whitish, tinged with green.
In the hindwing the central and submarginal lines are also whitish. Underneath,
the forewing resembles that of the ¢, but the red tints are deeper, less vivid; the
hindwing is wholly different, being almost the same as the forewing, instead of
bright yellow and red as in the ¢. Face and front of thorax green ; rest of thorax
and abdomen deep chocolate, each segment behind with white dorsal points ; palpi
dark chocolate with the tips black.
Expanse of wings: ?, 78 mm.
2 22%, accompanied by two typical dd.
43. Thalassodes dorsilinea spec. noy.
Forewing: pale green, semitransparent, with slight whitish vermiculations ;
costa deep yellow; fringe bright yellow; two whitish transverse lines ; first near
base oblique outwards and. straight, often obscure ; the second from just beyond
middle of costa to three-fifths of inner margin, also straight.
Hindwing : with outer line only, nearly straight to vein 4, then bent and
waved ; fringe yellow.
Underside pale yellowish green, the white lines showing through.
Face and palpi green above, ochreous below ; fillet white; vertex, thorax,
and abdomen green, the last with a fine white dorsal line; underside of abdomen
and legs yellowish ochreous; fore- and midtibiae and tarsi reddish-tinged.
Expanse of wings: 30—34 mm.
244,32.
Distinguished by the pale line of dorsum, as in many Chlorochroma.
T. chloropis Meyr. is described as having one also; but in that species the
face is ochreous and the insect is larger.
44. Thalassodes dorsipunctata spec. nov. and ab. minor nov.
Forewing: sea-green, semitransparent ; thickly covered with short white
ripplings ; costa finely ochreous yellow ; an obscurely marked oblique white line
near base ; outer line from beyond middle of costa to three-fifths of inner margin,
straight, but distinctly lunulate-dentate, the teeth marked whiter on the veins ;
fringe grey-green, with the tips paler, and minute dark dots at base at the vein-ends.
Hindwing: similar, the marginal dots more prominent; the outer line
distinctly dentate, and parallel to hindmargin throughout.
Underside whitish green.
Face and palpi brown above, ochreous below; fillet and antennal shaft white ;
vertex, thorax, and abdomen green, the last with a row of white dorsal spots.
( 365 )
Expanse of wings: ¢,44mm.; $, 48 mm.
I ig BOG
Together with these came 6 ¢d, dated January and February, all in better
condition than the others, agreeing with the type-form in the white spots of the
dorsum and in all other points, but only 40 mm. in expanse, and withont the dark
marginal spots at the base of the fringe. For the present I consider them as an
aberration merely, which I name ab. minor.
45. Thalassodes nivestrota spec. nov.
Forewing : dark green, crossed by numerous outwardly oblique white striae,
which in places coalesce and form oblique white bands, which are themselves
traversed by green strigae; these bands are four in number, one near base, the
second before the middle, the third postmedian, forking towards anal angle, and a
fourth, smaller, towards apex ; costa mainly white, with green striae ; a dark green
marginal line ; fringe green and white.
Hindwing : with two white bands, one from base to outer margin above anal
angle, the other towards apex.
Underside white, with the green of the upperside showing through.
Face and palpi green above, white beneath, the terminal segment of palpi dark ;
vertex and collar white ; shoulders and patagia green, edged with white; thorax
and abdomen green, with a central white stripe ; anal segment, sides, and underneath
white; pectinations of the ¢ antennae rufous.
Expanse of wings : 50 mm.
tee 33 2 2.
46. Thalassodes umbrimedia spec. nov.
Forewing : dark sea-green, semitransparent ; covered with short bluish green
vermiculations, which, being fewer in the central area, give it the appearance of a
darker fascia; the lines marked only by this difference of tint; the first outwardly
oblique and slightly curved from costa close to base to one-fourth of inner margin ;
the outer denticulate from two-thirds of costa to three-fifths of inner margin,
projecting slightly at vein 6 and below middle; fringe green; costa narrowly
yellow ochreous.
Hindwing: similar, but the dark green area less defined and visible only
before outer line, which is bent below middle, as usual in the genus, and retracted
to two-thirds of inner margin ; a darker green shade on the discocellular.
Underside whitish green ; costa of forewing yellowish.
Face and palpi green above, ochreous below ; fillet and antennal shaft white ;
the pectinations of the d antennae and the apical half of the ? shaft yellowish ;
vertex, thorax, and abdomen green ; abdomen beneath and legs ochreous ; fore- and
midtibiae and tarsi reddish.
Expanse of wings: 36 mm.
Gp e.
Susramiry STERRHINAE.
47. Chrysocraspeda lilacina spec. noy.
Forewing : yellow, speckled and striated with bright red; costal area, the
space between veins 3 and 4, and a blotch at anal angle lilac; a dull purple-red
blotch at base below subcostal vein, followed by a small space of pure yellow below
26
( 366 )
a slightly curved reddish mark from costa; cell-spot obscure, red, followed by a
small yellow spot ; a curved deep-red band at two-thirds from subcostal vein to
vein 4 and between 2 and 3; the lilac space between 3 and 4 edged above with
reddish scales running out into the yellow fringe.
Hindwing : with two or three red spots at base; cell-spot large, yellowish
white ; a faintly deeper red postmedian line parallel to hindmargin ; a blotch at
anal angle, the space between veins 3 and 4 and a smaller blotch towards apex
lilac ; fringe pale yellow, beyond a reddish marginal shade, interrupted by red at
the middle angle.
Underside pale yellow; all the lilac patches and the costa and cell of
forewing rosy.
Face, palpi, and forelegs bright red; vertex, patagia, and antennae dark
purple-red ; thorax and abdomen yellow, speckled with blood-red.
Expanse of wings : 22 mm.
IkS25
Both wings bluntly angled in middle of hindmargin.
48. Chrysocraspeda rothschildi spec. nov.
Forewing: yellow, shaded with pale brownish striae; costal region grey-
brown ; a few red and brown scales mark the cell-spot ; a dark mark below costa
at three-fourths and a black spot surrounded with crimson between veins 3 and 4
indicate an outer line; base of wing black followed by a crimson stain; a small
black spot on inner margin at one-third, also surrounded with crimson; this seems
to indicate the end of a basal line, as a slight dark mark on costa at one-fifth
suggests its beginning ; a row of small dark dots on margin at end of veins ; fringe
pure yellow.
Hindwing : with the outer half and fringe as in forewing; the inner half
from one-third of costa to two-thirds of inner margin intense black, edged by a
broad curved crimson band and containing near base a triangular spot of pure
white also edged with crimson ; cell-spot minute, oval, white, lying in the black
basal area.
Underside whitish yellow, the fringe deeper; costal area of forewing and the
spot below vein 4 rosy ; base of hindwing dull vinous with a white patch.
Palpi red; face yellow; vertex dark grey; antennae, thorax, and abdomen
dark red-brown ; anal segment of abdomen, the underside, and legs dull yellow;
forelegs reddish.
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
get
The collocation of colours is remarkable. Both wings with rounded hind-
margin, that of hindwing slightly protuberant at middle.
49. Chrysolene aurora spec. nov.
Forewing : bright rosy, with a dull olive-yellow band from costa just before
apex to two-thirds of inner margin ; fringe rosy.
Hindwing : with the band central.
Underside rather duller ; the inner margins whitish.
Face and palpi deep red ; vertex and antennae snow-white ; thorax and basal
half of abdomen like wings; the anal segments above, the undersurface, and the
sides pale ochreous ; forelegs reddish,
( 367 )
Expanse of wings: 33 mm.
1
In the absence of the ¢ I leave this specics in Chrysolene, with which it agrees
in neuration; but the palpi are longer than in that genus, the scaling much
smoother, and the shape of the wings different. Superficially it might easily be
taken for an Ennomid.
Eremocentra gen. nov.
I find on examination of two good dd of the species I called Brachycola
flavareata from Penang (Noy. Zoot. iv. p. 215) that its reference to Brachycola
is erroneous, the structure of the hindlegs being quite different from that and all
others of the allied genera. The femora are not shortened, but slightly larger than
the tibiae, and the first segment of the tarsus is as long as the tibia itself; the tibia
has no spurs properly so called, but from the end a long slightly curved projection,
rough-scaled beneath. In the better preserved specimen, from Sudest Island, the
hindfemora and -tibiae are clothed with rosy hairs ; the second, lately received from
A. S. Meek, comes from the Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, so that the
species appears widely distributed. I propose the above generic name for its
reception.
50. Mesotrophe? rufiplaga spec. nov.
Forewing : dull straw-colour, with very slight dark dusting ; a curved line
near base, marked by dark dots on the veins; an outer line at three-fourths,
similarly marked; a thin dentate-lunulate grey median shade at two-thirds; cell-spot
round, brown; fringe straw-colour, with black dots at base between the veins ;
beyond the outer line a large pale brick-red blotch on inner margin touching vein 3,
and a smaller one beyond the cell, both traversed by the pale submarginal line.
Hindwing : the same ; but the cell-spot with a white centre.
Underside speckled with dark; cell-spots in both wings, and in forewing
traces of the median shade, outer line, and blotch beyond cell.
Face and palpi pale below, red-brown above ; thorax and abdomen like wings ;
vertex paler.
Expanse of wings: 44 mm.
i?
Probably a Mesotrophe ; the d must be waited for.
51. Perixera? glomerata spec. noy. and ab. condensata nov.
Forewing : putty-coloured, very thickly irrorated with greyish purple atoms,
the narrow space immediately beyond outer line alone without speckles ; inner line
close to base and outer line at five-sixths marked by dark vein-dots; the inner
also marked by a very faint grey cloud, forming a rounded projection above and
below median vein ; the outer with the dots connected by a slight lunulate grey
shade ; a faint sinuous grey median band ; cell-spot linear, blackish ; marginal dots
black ; fringe pale ochreous.
Hindwing : with cell-spot thicker, the line joining dots of outer line and the
dots themselves more conspicuous ; slight dots at the vein-ends as well as between
them.
Underside pale ochreous ; forewing thickly washed and speckled with dull rosy,
hindwing along costa only ; outer and submarginal lines marked towards costa.
( 368 )
Face and palpi deep red above, ochreous below ; vertex and antennae cream-
colour ; thorax and abdomen like wings, the latter with slight dark dorsal spots.
Expanse of wings : 30 mm.
1%.
ab. condensata nov.
Forewing : ochreous, coarsely and irregularly dusted with reddish ; lines very
obscure, marked by reddish vein-dots; first near base, outer strongly curved at
five-sixths ; marginal spots red, distinct; cell-spot linear, blackish, touching a broad
sinuous diffuse fascia of dull vinous red atoms.
Hindwing: similar; the cell-spot lying in the fascia, which projects on
veins 3 and 4.
Underside pale straw-colour, with the fascia and outer line marked.
Face and palpi pale beneath, reddish above ; vertex and antennae whitish ;
thorax and abdomen like wings ; forelegs reddish in front.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
ee. .
Somewhat like Brachycola mediusta superficially.
This example is somewhat wasted, and in consequence the grey dusting of the
type is worn off; but it is evidently an aberration merely.
52. Perixera? plumbeodisca spec. nov.
Forewing: dingy yellowish ochreous, speckled with purple and reddish atoms ;
two or three dark dots close to base; first line fuscous from costa close to base to
one-fourth of inner margin, excurved in middle of wing and marked by dark dots
on the veins, touching above the median a brownish spot in cell; cell-spot large
and round, plumbeous, with a dark central line and edged with purple, lying in the
sinus of the fuscous median shade, which curves in beneath it to the origin of vein 1,
then runs oblique outwards and straight to middle of inner margin ; outer line fine
at three-fourths, starting from a fuscous cloudy costal blotch, excurved in middle and
marked by blackish dots on veins, dentate-lunulate below vein 4, followed by a
grey cloud beyond cell and above inner margin; submarginal line wavy, indistinct ;
purple-red marginal spots between veins and dots beyond them ; fringe ochreous.
Hindwing : with the discal spot large and oval; outer line more dentate,
followed by a grey blotch beyond cell.
Underside yellowish straw-colour with the markings rosy and purplish.
Palpi very long, red above ; face white, red above; thorax and abdomen like
wings ; vertex paler ; fore- and midlegs glossy reddish.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
222.
53. Perixera subalbescens spec. nov.
Forewing : whitish stone-colour, thickly and minutely grey-speckled ; markings
very indistinct; first and outer line marked only by blackish dots on veins; the
first near base, marked by three dots in a line; a fourth in cell before the small
blackish cell-dot ; outer line at five-sixths, the dot on vein 5 displaced basewards,
the ground on each side of it purer, not speckled ; marginal spots and dots black ;
fringe whitish ; faint traces of a grey median shade beyond the middle.
Hindwing : towards base and costa whiter ; three dark dots on submedian and
( 369 )
median veins and the cell-fold indicate an inner line ; cell-spot distinct, black with
a small pale centre ; the rest as in forewings.
Underside of hindwing and inner margin of forewing white, rest of forewing
suffused and speckled with grey, the costa at base broadly dark grey ; both wings
with cell-spots, outer, and marginal lines of spots.
Face and palpi with lower half whitish, upper deep red; legs externally
reddish ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen like wings; abdomen with a reddish stripe
on sides of anal segments.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
1 3.
Nearest to P. dapidata Warr. from St. Aignan.
54. Perixera sublanuginosa spec. nov.
Forewing: bone-colour, dusted with fine reddish atoms; costa tinged with
grey; the cross-lines grey; first near base, marked also by reddish black dots
on veins, and by additional dots on costa and subcostal vein nearer base, and on
the folds; a distinct dot at base of wing; cell-dot small, blackish ; median shade
grey, zigzag ; outer line grey, lunulate-dentate, the teeth distinctly marked with
red-black vein-dots ; submarginal line pale, rather wide, between two macular grey
shades, the inner interrupted ; black marginal dots between veins, and minute red
points at their ends ; fringe bone-coloured.
Hindwing : similar, but the cell-spot round, pale, with dark ring.
Underside pale ochreous, in forewings flushed with pale rosy; the outer line
of points and the marginal dots reddish ; base of both wings with a bed of furry
hairs to middle, larger in forewings and deeper ochraceous.
Face and palpi ochreous below, dull red above ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen
pale ochreous, speckled with reddish and black; abdomen with row of dark
dorsal spots.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
236.
Exactly like P. anulifera Hmpsn. from Ceylon; and also agreeing with
examples examined from Penang.
The type of anulifera being a ¢, it is probable that the hairy clothing of the
underside would not be present, or at all events not conspicuous. I have seen
one ¢ from Ceylon apparently belonging to anulifera which presented no hairy
appearance, as far as I remember; but as my attention was not particularly directed
to this point, I may have passed it over.
55. Pisoraca simplex spec. nov.
Forewing: bone-colour, greyish along costa, very thickly dappled with pale
purplish atoms arranged in striae; the lines purplish grey, the basal outcurved
above and below the median vein, the teeth faintly marked with purplish dots ; a
sinuous dentate-lunulate purplish grey median shade at two-thirds ; a lunulate-
dentate grey outer line at five-sixths, thickened between the veins internally and
marked with dull purplish dots on the teeth; a marginal line of distinct purple
dots between the veins and minute ones beyond them ; fringe paler, ochreous-tinged ;
cell-spot grey, very obscure.
Hindwing : with inner line marked from cell to inner margin ; the rest as in
forewing ; the lines and markings clearer.
( 370 )
Underside of forewing, except along inner margin, deep rosy, of hindwing
whitish ; outer and marginal lines of spots distinct, the latter especially so in
forewing, where they are deep red and triangular.
Face and palpi pale below, deep red above; vertex, thorax, and abdomen like
wings, the last stained with reddish.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
Hixcie
Apex of forewing slightly prominent.
56. Problepsis craspediata Warr. and ab. longimacula nov.
The description in Noy. Zoou. iv. p. 222 was made from a single ¢ from
Simbang. The comparison of a good series (9 dd, 6 2 $) collected by A. S. Meek
on the Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, shows that the aggregation of
black scales, which follows the discocellular of the forewing, normally takes the
shape of a black spot followed by a black half-cirele. In two of the 3d, however,
these scales form a large oblong black blotch stretching towards, and in one of
them touching the outer line, and in this latter case the hindwing also has
a black blotch beyond the slender discal mark. They may be distinguished as
ab. longimacula.
57. Problepsis transposita spec. nov.
Forewing: greyish cream-colour; the costal edge brownish ; first line very
faint, erect from one-third of inner margin, not reaching costa; from inner margin
shortly before anal angle a brown band rises, at first parallel to hindmargin, then
evenly curved inwards to subcostal vein at two-thirds, where it turns and descends
parallel to its outer course, bending inwards at vein 2, to inner margin at three-
fifths ; the whole surface of the wing from base below subcostal vein as far as this
inner line is spangled with metallic scales, which are thicker and almost hide the
brown on the inner line and form a lustrous edge on the inner side of the outer line;
between veins 2 and 4 the ground-colour between the brown shades is pale buff,
containing a velvety black roundish centre crossed by vein 3, which is also buff;
this buff space, like the black disc, is flattened above and surrounded by a slight
ring of brownish scales ; a submarginal grey line retracted to costa before apex ;
extreme hindmargin grey-tinged ; fringe concolorous.
fTindwing: with a central and submarginal curved band, the latter with a
lustrous sinuous line along its inner edge, the bands incompletely meeting below
vein 7; the rest as in forewing.
Underside dull cream-coloured, with the dark markings showing through.
Palpi ochreous, externally dark fuscous; face brown above, dusted with
pale below; vertex and antennae brown; thorax, shoulders, and patagia shining
white ; abdomen grey-tinged ; underside and legs cream-coloured ; forelegs fuscous
in front.
Expanse of wings: 3,35 mm.; ?, 40 mm.
iltehy USP
Easily recognised by the difference in the position of the ocelloid spot.
Prostenodes gen. noy.
A development of Perixera.
Forewing: in & narrowed, only slightly widening outwards; in ? of normal
( 3871 )
shape ; costa hardly curved ; apex rounded in d, pointed in ?; hindmargin nearly
vertical ; inner margin rather convex in 4, straight in &.
Hindwing: one-third broader than forewings in ¢ ; anal angle squared ;
hindmargin subcrenulate, and nearly straight in d from anal angle to vein 6 ; apex
rounded.
Palpi of 3 shorter than in Perivera and the allied genera, of ? quite as long ;
antennae of ¢ bipectinate for two-thirds ; hindtibiae in both sexes with four spurs ;
forewings of d in basal half below subcostal vein clothed with rough furry scales.
Neuration as in Perixera ; forewing without areole.
Type: Prostenodes comosa spec. nov.
In appearance the type species resembles Pachythalia rotundata Warr. from
Penang, but that, like Pisoraca, has only three spurs on the ¢ hindtibia.
58. Prostenodes comosa spec. nov.
Forewing : pale wood-brown, in the d more reddish-tinged, thickly dusted
with fuscous atoms; costal area in ¢ broadly pale grey with blackish speckling ; in
? concolorous with rest of wing ; a blackish, somewhat linear, cell-spot ; followed
by a dentate grey median fascia, narrower in the d and more deeply insinuate below
middle; an outcurved lunulate-dentate outer line, the teeth darker on the veins ;
submarginal line paler, more distinct in the ? 2, preceded and followed by grey
bands ; cell-spots black ; fringe paler ; in the ? there are traces of a twice-curved
inner line, which is hidden in the ¢ by the rufous furry scaling.
Hindwing: like forewing ; the cell-spot blacker ; the markings clear in both
sexes.
Underside of ¢ deep rosy in both wings, the hindwing only becoming paler
towards inner margin ; the cell-spots and all the outer lines deeper ; in ? only the
forewing are washed with rosy and the hindwing remain ochreous, with the lines
reddish.
Palpi pale beneath, reddish above; face whitish beneath, brown-red above ;
vertex and antennae whitish ; thorax and abdomen like wings; but in the d the
shoulders and base of patagia are grey, dark-speckled, like the costal streak ;
dorsum red-spotted.
Expanse of wings: 30 mm.
14,3 22.
59. Ptychopoda lividula spec. nov.
9. Forewing: pale lilac-grey, speckled with darker ; costa yellowish ochreous
with lilac-grey striae ; three pale dull olive-yellowish bands ; first, rather obscure,
at one-fourth, outeurved from costa to submedian fold; second median, slightly
insinuate beyond cell, bent outwards below median vein ; third from three-fourths
of costa to inner margin before anal angle, more wavy, insinuate beyond cell ;
some small pale patches along hindmargin; marginal line dark lilac-grey ; fringe
olive-yellowish, slightly grey-chequered.
Hindwing : without basal line, otherwise similar.
Underside much paler, the markings showing through.
Face and palpi dark brown ; vertex and shoulders pale ochreous ; thorax and
abdomen like wings.
2 dark livid grey, the lines narrower but more distinct owing to the darker
ground-colour ; fringe dark grey Underside uniform dark grey.
( 372 )
Tn both sexes the hind and inner margin of forewing are of equal length, but
the forewing in the ¢ is narrower, the apex more prolonged, the outer margin
more oblique. The hindwing has the inner margin somewhat concave in both
sexes; but while the hindmargin in the ? is fully rounded, in the d it is nearly
straight and the anal angle prominent, clothed beneath with a bed of rongh coarse
scales.
Expanse of wings: 17 mm.
DFP, 2d0:
The ? greatly resembles P. scintillans Warr. from Australia, the type of
which, however, is a d, and both are manifestly related to awricruda Butler, which
Meyrick also records from Australia.
60. Stibarostoma furcata.
Perixera furcata, Warr., Noy. Zoot. iii. p. 375 (1896).
I have hitherto only seen 2 2 ? of this species, the type from Moroka, British
New Guinea, and a second from Isabel Island. The 3, an example of which has
just come from Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, collected by Meek in
February 1903, has the palpi of Stibarostoma, the hairs above on the thick second
joint erect and as it were brushed back.
Supramiry HYDRIOMENINAE.
Aeschrostoma gen. noy.
Distinguished from all other genera of the Hydriomeninae by the structure of
the palpi; all three segments are clothed with a brash of long hairs porrect and
slightly drooping, that on the basal segment not reaching so far as the others, the
segments themselves being quite concealed ; the frontal tuft is similarly though
more shortly clothed ; the antennae (¢) are lamellate; the hindmargin of the
forewing is slightly, of the hindwing distinctly, crenulate. The genus is related
to Coenocalpe.
Type: Aeschrostoma marmorata spec. noy.
61. Aeschrostoma marmorata spec. noy.
Forewing: whitish, tinged and dusted with reddish ; a reddish brown central
fascia occupies the middle third of the wing, its outer edge angled outwards below
vein 4 and insinuate on the submedian fold, its inner edge indented in cell; it is
crossed by three darker lines edged and dusted with whitish scales, and margined on
both sides by a pale band with dark centre; basal patch reddish, crossed by a pale
line in middle ; marginal area whitish; submarginal line waved, indistinct except
where preceded, at costa, beyond cell, and on submedian fold, by blackish lunules,
and followed in each case by a reddish fuscous shade ; a dark festooned marginal
line ; fringe reddish with pale base and chequered with dark beyond veins.
Hindwing: very similar, with a single thick basal line; the dark marginal
border broadly interrupted at middle by the pale ground-colour.
Underside suffused, except along inner margin, with vinous red ; the cell-spots,
the three inner lines, and the subterminal blotches velvety black ; the veins dotted
alternately with dark and light.
Face, palpi, shoulders, and patagia mixed reddish and grey; the thorax and
A 2 esl
( 873°)
basal segments of abdomen paler; abdomen with pale and dark rings, corresponding
to the bands of hindwings.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm,
15
62. Anapalta aurifera spec. noy.
Forewing : olive-green, the markings deeper green; basal patch dark green,
crossed by a pale green line, its outer edge curved between the veins; band
following it similarly curved, pale green with dark middle line; central fascia with
two dark green lines, the first broader; the middle space narrow, blackish green,
forming an annulus on inner margin ; this is followed by five lunulate-dentate green
lines, the teeth pointing inwards and marked paler on the veins, the two innermost
forming the outer edge of central fascia, the next two the usual pale band following
it, which is tinged with yellowish beyond cell ; submarginal line distinctly Innulate-
dentate, whitish or yellowish green, preceded by darker shades at costa, beyond cell,
and above inner margin; a slight oblique pale apical dash; marginal lunules black
between the veins ; fringe dark green.
Hindwing: bright orange ; the inner margin broadly, the apex narrowly, and
the whole fringe dark olive-green ; marginal line black, waved ; traces of dark lines
and a pale submarginal along the dark inner margin.
Underside of forewing olive-fuscous, the cell and a large blotch below costa
beyond outer line orange ; costa with pale streaks; hindwing orange with the inner
margin, the hindmargin narrowly, and the fringe, dark olive-green.
Head and thorax olive-green mixed with black ; the metathoracic boss sub-
metallic ; abdomen dark cinereous above and below; legs blackish with pale rings.
Expanse of wings: 40 mm.
i Bs
Palpi upeurved in front of face.
63. Anticlea subcaesia spec. nov.
Forewing : ochreous, tinged with grey, or reddish grey ; the basal and inner
marginal areas generally suffused with slate-colour; the markings black; basal
area limited by a curved dentated black band and crossed by another, the space
between them slate-colour, and the extreme base rufous ; central fascia with both
edges dentate, the inner from before middle of costa to middle of inner margin, the
outer from two-thirds of costa to three-fourths of inner margin, rather sharply
projecting at veins 6 and 4, inbent between; the two bands forking above the
median and enclosing a pale ochreous space containing the black linear cell-spot on
its inner edge and forming annuli below ; pale bands on either side of fascia distinctly
dentate, with a darker waved middle line ; submarginal line pale, dentate, preceded
by two dark dentate lines and only distinct above the median; pairs of black
marginal dashes at ends of veins with a small pale spot between them and a large
pale spot between the veins, those on each side of vein 3 lengthened into dashes ;
fringe light and dark slate-colour.
Hindwing : slaty blue, with white dots at the vein-ends, and the fringe deeper.
Underside of both wings uniform dark slaty blue, exactly like the underside
of some species of Arycanda from New Guinea.
Head and abdomen dark fuscous, varied with paler scales and sometimes slaty-
tinted; thorax, patagia, and metathoracic tuft olive-ochreous or rufous. Underside
of abdomen cinereous ; legs blackish with ochreous joints ; pectus black and white.
Expanse of wings : 35 mm.
ah SNS
Easily distinguished by the slaty blue hindwing and underside. The abdomen
is stout and heavy ; the palpi prolonged, but not so much as in the South American
species of the genus ; the discocellular of hindwing is biangulate, the radial from
the lower angulation.
Crasilogia gen. noy.
Forewing of the ¢ and fore- and hindwing of 2 as in Epirrhod ; hindwing of
3 abnormal; the apex rounded, hindmargin straight to end of vein 4, then excised
and rounded, the inner margin short ; the upper surface clothed with thick layers of
silky hair, which towards the ends of the three median nervules are semi-erect and
curled over a blotch of black scales ; the inner margin furrowed beneath ; anal tufts
of d enormously developed, expanded and containing a lot of fine woolly down.
Palpi porrect upwards, second segment long, third short and decumbent ; antennae
simple in both sexes.
Neuration of forewing alike in both sexes ; cell half as long as wing ; disco-
cellular vertical, oblique below; vein 2 at four-fifths, 3 close before 4; radials
normal ; 7, 8, 9 stalked, 10 anastomosing with 11 and again with 8, 9 ; hindwing of
? normal ; 6, 7 short-stalked ; the discocellular vertical in upper third, oblique in
lower two-thirds ; radial from the angle, above the middle; cell less than half
of wing ; in the ¢ the cell is longer than half the wing, broad and prolonged below,
the discocellular biangulated, the radial from the lower, outward angulation, and
therefore below the middle ; veins 2, 3 and 4 shortened.
Type: Crasilogia dispar spec. nov.
64. Crasilogia dispar spec. nov.
Forewing: dark olive-fuscous ; basal patch edged by a fine outwardly oblique
white line angled basewards on submedian vein ; central fascia edged inwardly by
a similarly oblique white line, parallel to the other and irregularly waved ; space
between the white lines yellowish traversed by three fuscous lines ; central fascia
much broader on costa than on inner margin, its outer edge running from three-
fourths of costa to two-thirds of inner margin, with traces of paler and darker lines
in it; cell-spot large, irregularly rounded, black, ringed with white ; the fascia is
followed first by a fine white line, irregularly waved and acutely dentate basewards
on vein 7, then by a brown line followed by a yellow one edged by two dark lines;
submarginal line white, zigzag, distinct in the dark fuscous marginal area, which
grows paler immediately before the margin; the veins beyond submarginal line
concisely pale, with a pair of large square black spots along the margin at their
ends; fringe pale, chequered with olive-fuscous.
Hindwing of 3 silky white, the fringes white, except beyond the patch of black
scales, where they are also blackish ; of ? dull greyish orange with the cell-spot and
three waved grey lines of the underside showing through; hindmargin darker,
with the veins yellow ; fringe yellowish ochreous, chequered with fuscous.
Underside of $ dull ochraceous, the costa of forewing spotted with fuscous,
and all the markings dull fuscous ; inner margin paler ; hindwing with cell-spot, a
median line, three postmedian waved lines, and the border brownish fuscous; fringes
ochraceous with fuscous chequering ; underside of 3 much paler ochreous, mixed
( 375 )
with whitish in the hindwings, with the markings as in the ?, and a dall smoky
patch below the black-scaled patch above.
Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish mixed with olive-fuscous in the ¢,
whitish and olive-fuscous in the ¢; the abdomen with pairs of dark white-spotted
marks on each segment; face and vertex darker fuscous ; palpi ochraceous ; legs
olive-fuscous, spotted with yellowish in 9, with whitish in d; anal tufts of ¢
ochreous, the woolly down white.
BExpanse of wings : 3) mm.
146,222.
65. Gonanticlea sublustris spec. nov.
Forewing : violet-grey with velvety brown-black markings, these all finely
edged with yellow scales ; edge of basal patch narrowly dark, oblique from one-sixth
of costa to one-fourth of inner margin ; central fascia with inner area pale violet-grey,
the costal area broadly, the inner marginal narrowly, triangular, limited by two
bands of velvety blackish ; inner band with its inner edge indented strongly above
median, slightly below, its outer nearly straight; outer band sinuous, nearly
touching inner band below middle, its outer edge projecting tooth-like at vein 6,
bent at vein 4, interrupted by a rufous brown shade between 4 and 6 ; followed by
a band of violet-grey with darker lunulate outer edge, and this by a broader fascia
of pale stone-colour, with a similar darker lunulate outer edge, containing above
vein 6 two black lunules, the upper running into apex ; marginal area brownish
grey ; marginal line formed of concise thin black lines, separated by the pale
veins ; fringe with basal half brown, apical half ochreous, chequered with brown
beyond the veins ; cell-spot black, close to the inner band of central fascia.
Hindwing : purplish fuscous, with black cell-spot, a small oblique black mark
on inner margin at two-thirds, and some slight ochreous scales at anal angle ;
marginal lines thicker ; base of fringe yellowish.
Underside purplish fuscous ; the basal two-thirds of forewing thickly clothed
with hair, which viewed from base is lustrous; fringe brown, mottled at the veins,
with base and tips yellowish ; hindwing without hairs, more purplish, dusted with
ochreous, with velvety black cell-spot and sinnous postmedian line of spots on veins.
Palpi below ochreous, above and externally purplish fuscous, edged with
ochreous ; face ochreous, speckled with purplish ; vertex, collar, shoulders, patagia,
and thoracic tufts purplish, edged with ochreous scales ; thorax and abdomen
purplish grey ; dorsal segments with pairs of purplish fuscous spots edged with
ochreous ; antennae spotted with ochreous ; legs purplish fuscous, speckled with
ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 35 mm.
ila
Tripteridia gen. nov.
3. Forewing: triangular ; costa strongly arched at base and hardly convex
before apex ; hindmargin deeply cleft below vein 3, vein 2 abbreviated, running to
end of cleft, which is fringed throughout, vein 1 running into the anal lobe, which
reaches only half-way up the cleft.
Hindwing : aborted ; costa bent and curved downwards to a sharp point, this
broad part of the wing traversed by the costal and two subcostals, which are curved
downwards and distorted; the hindmargin below these veins deeply cleft and
( 376 )
forming a fringed and rough-haired long middle lobe ; inner margin occupied by a
convoluted, thickened, long spatulate lobe separated from the middle lobe by a cleft
which runs up to base of wing; the whole wing rough-haired and the lobes
fringed.
Thorax and abdomen crested. Palpi long, much as in Rdinoprora Warr.
Antennae lamellate, finely pubescent. Hindtibiae with four spurs. Neuration of
forewing as in Tephroclystia, 10 and 11 stalked, 10 anastomosing with 8,9, As
the specimen is unique, it is inadvisable to denude the hindwing; as far as can
be seen without denudation, the median veinlets traverse the middle lobe, and the
submedian the inner lobe.
Type: Tripteridia novella spec. nov.
Although the hindwing is trilobed and contorted, the genus appears to be an
independent development of Tephroclystia, and not connected with Lobophora and
its allies.
66. Tripteridia novella spec. nov.
Forewing: pale green; the markings brown-black ; basal patch limited by
a broadish dark band, angled below costa, and crossed by a fine green band with
dark centre ; central fascia with its inner half consisting of a broad band also angled
below costa, its outer of two irregular dark lines ; the pale bands on each side of it
green with a darker middle line ; a dark triangular costal spot before apex, a second
on hindmargin beyond cell and a smaller blotch below above the cleft ; all these
markings are plain only above the median vein ; below it they are obscured and
partially interrupted by a chocolate-brown shading, which includes the outer edge
of the basal patch and the inner half of the central fascia, the outer half of the
latter below vein 3 being interrupted by a patch of bluish scales ; a row of black
marginal dashes between the veins ; fringe pale green, chequered with fuscous.
Hindwing: greyish ochreous, the hairs darker grey, the inner lobe purplish
fuscous.
Underside of forewing pale green, the markings purple, a large purplish
blotch filling basal half of wing and running to the cleft, leaving inner margin
pale; hindwing pale greyish ochreous.
Face, palpi, and collar green; vertex, thorax, and abdomen a medley of green
and purplish scales ; legs ochreous ; forelegs purple, tinged with ochreous ; pectus
and forecoxae greenish-tinged.
Expanse of wings : 22 mm.
ibersse
67. Xanthorhoé lucirivata spec. nov.
Forewing: dark fuscous to outer line; the basal patch dark, with a small
patch of glossy grey scales at extreme base; followed by a broad slightly paler
band, of which the outer edge is formed by two grey lines separated by a darker
one, the inner grey line faintly reddish-tinged ; central fascia broad, with blackish
cell-spot and central sinuous blackish line, its outer half very dark fuscous, the edge
projecting below vein 4 towards hindmargin, then dentate-sinuate inwards to four-
fifths of inner margin ; edged by first a silvery white line, plainest on costal half,
and then by a vinous red band containing two dark lines, all parallel to outer edge
of fascia ; submarginal line regularly lunulate-dentate, finely white, preceded above
middle by a broad dark fuscous shade, narrowed below middle to thin dark lunules ;
(Gait)
marginal area paler between veins 3 and 4; a faint reddish streak from the red
outer band towards apex above vein 6 ; marginal line waved, black; fringe shining
blackish, with base interruptedly paler and a pale patch below vein 4.
Hindwing : similar ; the central fascia with two dark bands across it ; the
lines beyond it wider and clearer.
Underside dull dark greyish fuscous, the lines darker; the outer and
submarginal lines forming white spots on the veins, the outer marked by a large
pale costal spot ; fringe pale between veins 3 and 4.
Head, thorax, and abdomen dark fuscous.
Expanse of wings : 35 mm.
IL gejqallh E22
When fresh the wings are somewhat glossy.
Susramity THPHROCLYSTIINAE.
Adeta gen. nov.
This genus differs from all others of the Tephroclystiinae that I have met with
by the absence of any areole ; the cell of the forewing, which is broad, is only one-
third the length of the wing, the discocellular inangulate ; vein 2 from just beyond
middle of cell, 3 close before 4 ; radials normal; 7, 11, 10, 9, 8 all stalked from the
end of cell ; 12 curved downwards and closely approximated for a short distance
just after the separation of 7, but not touching. Hindwine rather small, narrow,
the hindmargin well rounded, with normal neuration. Palpi upturned in front of
face, all three segment thick and squarely cut off at the ends ; the forehead with a
projecting tuft; hindtibiae with three spurs, two terminal, one median, as in
Megatheca Warr.
Type: Adeta semifascia spec. nov.
68. Adeta semifascia spec. nov.
Forewing: dark fuscous on an ochreous ground-colour ; basal patch small,
dark fuscous, crossed by two or three lines ; the markings all more or less vertical ;
a pale band beyond basal patch narrow, with a waved central line ; central fascia
very broad, consisting of first a broad dark fuscous band, then two curved lines on a
pale ground, followed by a slightly curved lunate-edged dark band ; beyond this
a narrow pale band with a waved line down it ; marginal area dark fuscous with a
regularly lunate pale submarginal line through it very near margin; a thin dark
marginal line interrupted by large pale spots at the vein-ends ; fringe dark fuscous
with pale basal line ; cell-spot black, in the inner dark band of central fascia.
Hindwing : pale at base ; the central fascia with a simple thick dark inner
edge, the outer edge well curved.
Underside with all the markings, dark and light, extremely concise and distinct.
Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous; legs ochreous, the forelegs fuscous-tinged.
Expanse of wings : 22 mm.
3 22. j
In connection with the unusual neuration of this species it may be well
to remark that Giymnoscelis cristata Warr., which in shape of wings and stoutness
much resembles the present insect, at first sight appears to agree with it in
neuration, 7, 11, 10,9, 8 all being stalked together ; but here 11 anastomoses with 12,
( 378 )
Of cristata, described originally from the Jaintia Hills, I have seen examples from
Penang and Port Blair, Andamans, and now again five examples; but all of these,
like the three examples of semifascia just recorded, are ? ?.
Aniserpetes gen. noy.
Intermediate between Chloroclystis and Gymnoscelis, the hindtibia in both
sexes having only one middle spur. The neuration is that of Chloroclystis, 10 and
11 stalked and 11 becoming coincident with 12. Adeta, which also has three spurs
only, has all five subcostals stalked together.
Type: Aniserpetes purpureoviridis spec. nov.
69. Aniserpetes purpureoviridis spec. nov.
Forewing: deep green, the lines purplish, minutely crenulate; the first at
two-fifths, curved ; second at two-thirds, also curved outwards, bluntly bent on
vein 6, and more sharply at vein 4; the green ground-colour is deepened towards
each line, and pales off basewards ; traces of crenulate cross-lines are visible before
each line, one before first line purplish-tinged ; the first line is followed by a fine
whitish lime, touching the cell-spot ; submarginal line whitish, reeularly dentate,
interrupted, like the purplish shade preceding it, between veins 6 and 7 and between
3 and 4; below the median vein a purplish tinge is evident, especially towards
anal angle; marginal line fine, interrupted by the pale veins; fringe greenish,
tinged with rufous.
Hindwing : green ; the outer line and cell-spot black and conspicuous.
Underside dull orange-green, purplish-tinged, with traces of the lines.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-green, varied with purplish.
Expanse of wings: 17 mm.
429,
70. Aniserpetes sordida spec. nov.
Forewing: dull brownish grey, with very fine black atoms; lines obscure;
first curved at one-third, second at three-fifths, projecting on veins 4 and 6, insinuate
between ; both lines brown and swollen on costa; outer line followed by a pale
band with dark centre ; submarginal line regularly dentate ; all the veins finely
sprinkled with black scales ; a fine dark marginal line interrupted by pale dashes
at the vein-ends ; fringe brown, the outer half paler.
Hindwing : similar, the pale band beyond outer line broader ; the submarginal
line not dentate ; a pale marginal spot between veins 3 and 4; the hindmargin is
protuberant at middle, and incised below apex and before anal angle.
Underside shining brownish grey.
Head, thorax, and abdomen concolorous ; the vertex whitish.
Expanse of wings: 12 mm.
Alig de
71. Chloroclystis pallidivirens spec. nov.
Forewing: whitish green, with darker green shades, and tinged in parts with
reddish ; a dark line close to base; first line at one-fourth, outeurved in middle ;
second at three-fifths, crenulate, bluntly bent on vein 6 and more sharply at vein 4,
dark green mixed with reddish scales ; the basal and central areas showing traces
of some waved green lines; a pale band with darker centre follows the central
( 379 )
fascia; submarginal line dentate, whitish, the teeth between 7 and 8, 4 and 6,
1 and 3 filled up with purplish ; a purplish marginal line interrupted at the veins ;
fringe pale green.
Hindwing : with the outer line median, projecting in middle; the basal area
within it tinged sparsely with reddish; the rest as in forewing; hindmargin
projecting in middle with a sinus on each side.
Underside whitish, tinged with olive-green, especially towards apex of
forewings.
Head, thorax, and abdomen dull greenish.
Expanse of wings: 17 mm.
lean
72. Chloroclystis semirasata spec. nov.
ihe pale grey-green, with all the transverse lines oblique outwards to
middle, then reversed; first line at two-fifths, second at three-fifths, the space
before them reddish fuscous crossed by narrow green lines; submarginal line
preceded by reddish-tinged lunules between 7 and 8, opposite the cell, and between
2 and 3, all the lower part of the wing from base to margin below median and vein 2
greenish, the darker markings being erased.
Hindwing: with the outer line strongly marked, blackish, nearly straight ;
basal area slightly reddish ; rest of wing with alternate whitish and pale green lines.
Underside whitish, the forewing tinged with olive-green.
Head, thorax, and abdomen greenish; the anal segment marked above with red.
Expanse of wings: 14 mm.
2a
73. Kucymatoge falsidica spec. nov.
Forewing: pale green, crossed by bands of darker green, tinged with purplish
scales ; the dark bands are four in number: two narrow, near base, separated by a
pale line, and forming the basal patch, the extreme base being pale green; the
third represents the usual central fascia, broader on costa than at inner margin, its
outer edge projecting on veins 6 and 4 with a sinus between beyond cell; the fourth
forms the inner edge of the submarginal line; the central fascia is edged by two
glossy white bands centred by a pale green waved line; the submarginal line is
shining whitish, obscurely waved, the marginal area beyond it green, containing
a short dark streak below costa; marginal line dark purplish, waved; fringe
whitish green, chequered with darker ; cell-spot dark, in the central fascia ; in the
3 the central fascia is wider than in the ?, and its edges form dark costal spots.
Hindwing : dull greyish fascous, the outer margins broadly darker, with pale
spots at the vein-ends ; fringe pale.
Underside dirty ochreous, in the forewing suffused with cinereous ; both wings
with three curved dark central lines and broad dark grey hindmargin.
Head, thorax, and abdomen green; the collar, tips of palpi, patagia, and thoracic
tuft purplish ; anal segment in d ochreous ; forelegs fuscous ; pectus green.
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
Gy Les.
The neuration is peculiar. Vein 11 is connected with 12 by a rather long bar ;
vein 10 is likewise connected with 11 by a short bar, and afterwards by another short
bar with 7, 8, 9.
( 380 )
74. Gymnoscelis festiva spec. nov.
Forewing: greyish green first line at one-third, projecting above median, then
oblique, preceded above median by a purplish shade, and crossed by two or three
whitish lines, the base sometimes darker; outer line at three-fifths, curved to
vein 5, then forming a blunt projection to vein 2, and a smaller one below, preceded
by a purplish suffusion which pales off into greenish towards first line ; both lines
finely edged externally with whitish ; submarginal line dentate, whitish, preceded
by reddish lunules at costa, beyond cell, and above inner margin, and followed by
reddish suffusion beyond cell and at anal angle ; marginal line fine ; fringe pale.
Iindwing: with outer line dark and projecting below median ; a dark cell-
spot; the rest as in forewing; inner margin and the fringes thereof thickly
black-dusted ; the submedian interspace pale without markings.
Underside whitish, tinged with greenish on forewing, with the outer line and
cell-spots shown.
Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish green.
Expanse of wings : 20 mm.
2s ee
Mimics Chloroclystis rufifascia Hmpsn.
75. Rhinoprora lineola spec. nov.
Forewing: purplish brown and grey; the basal patch and central fascia
wholly, the band before submarginal line interruptedly, purplish brown ; marginal
area beyond outer line purplish grey; basal patch and central fascia edged by a very
fine white dark-margined line, which on each side of the fascia is followed by an
olive-yellow band; in the space beyond basal fascia this band is preceded by a
thicker band of mixed brown-grey and whitish scales broadening to costa, and in the
outer space is followed by a thick waved brown line ; all the dark markings and lines
are finely mixed with vinous scales, especially along costa, where the paler markings
become red ; a line of black marginal lunules; fringe deep, dark purplish, the basal
half darker, followed by a darker line in the paler outer half; the whole darker-
chequered beyond veins.
Hindwing: vosy ochreous, grey-tinged towards hindmargin, with dark cell-
spot and curved central line ; marginal lunules and fringe as in forewing.
Underside rufous, suffused with purplish grey, most thickly along hindmargins,
and sprinkled with white scales ; the lines more or less indicated on costal half of
forewing, the cell-spot and central line of hindwing black; submarginal line a
row of white spots.
Vertex, face, and palpi internally ochreous mixed with reddish; palpi and
frontal cone externally black; thorax and abdomen a mixture of purplish fuscous
and reddish scales, the segmental rings purplish with reddish tips; abdomen
beneath and all the legs black, mottled with ochreous scales; antennae black,
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
43d,2 22.
In this species the basal segment of palpi forms a beak below like the second
segment above; and the neuration is that of Mucymatoge, 10 anastomosing with 11
and 8,9; the antennae have thickened angular segments, pubescent in the 2, in
the 3d with two pairs of fine fascicles from each segment; the anal tuft of ¢
is palpably bifid.
( 381 )
76. Tephroclystia miranda spec. nov.
Forewing: pale mauve, without speckling ; crossed by three pale green
waved bands, edged with darker mauve ; first curved near base; second at one-
third, bent below costa; third, wider, at two-thirds outcurved in midwing; the
ground-colour is deeper from base to second band and in a shade beyond third band,
which is widened at costa ; cell-spot dark, rather large; fringe glossy mauve.
Hindwing : uniform pear]-grey, darker towards hindmargin.
Underside pearl-grey, darker in the forewing, the markings showing through.
Palpi green ; head, thorax, and abdomen mauve. The body of this unique and
beautiful specimen has unfortunately become mould-covered, and the colour of head
and thorax are not accurately visible.
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
Ihe
Thamnocausta gen. noy.
3. Forewing: broad; hindmargin somewhat protuberant below middle and
indented above anal angle; inner margin distinctly convex.
Hindwing : narrow, almond-shaped ; inner margin short ; hindmargin from
anal angle to vein 2 straight, thence rounded. Costal half above uncoloured, with
an oval patch of mealy scales beyond upper end of cell, corresponding with a similar
area on underside of forewing, as in Ardonzs, but all the scaling dull, not glossy
and nacreous. On veins 1 and 2 a thick clump of hairs before anal angle, that on
vein 2 doubled, containing in the hollow between them a bed of mealy scales ;
? with normal hindwing.
Palpi large, porrected upwards, second segment rough-haired beneath, third
small, pointed, decumbent. Antennae simple in both sexes.
Neuration as in Chloroclystis ; but the cell of hindwing of ¢ broad, triangular ;
the discocellular biangulate, the radial from the lower outward angulation ; the
wing beyond the cell and at anal angle below with roughened hairs ; in the ? the
discocellular is straight, and the radial from the centre.
Type: Thamnocausta malachitis spec. nov.
77. Thamnocausta malachitis spec. nov.
Forewing : green; markings black ; a black blotch on costa at base and an
erect spot on inner margin represent the basal patch ; central fascia represented
hy two waved bands, each consisting of two black lines, the first two forming a
large black costal blotch, the second a smaller one, the bands ending at one-third
and two-thirds of inner margin ; submarginal line pale, waved, preceded on costa
by a black blotch and beyond cell by two black lunules; marginal line black,
interrupted, most distinct at the indentation above anal angle; fringe green,
chequered with darker beyond veins ; costa ochreous between the black spots.
Hindwing : with two curved dark lines forming central fascia, the outer
double and projecting at middle ; submarginal line obscure, indicated by two green
shades ; a black marginal lunule before anal angle; in d the lines are wanting ;
the costal half is ochreous, with the oval patch brown; the tufts ochreous and
rufous, the mealy scales between brown and black.
Underside green, shaded with grey in places ; the lines black. In the d tlie
oval patch of scales beneath forewing is ochreous ; in the hindwing the veins are
27
( 382 )
black-marked and clothed with rough scales, and there is a patch of rough black-
and-white scales at anal angle.
Head, thorax, and abdomen green; second segment of abdomen sometimes
with a blackish ring, or black scales; sometimes the tips of palpi, collar, and
abdomen fade to ochreous. :
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
IGG 3) She
The markings are variable in intensity; in one of the ? ? the central fascia
is reduced to the two black costal marks, its edges only being shown by black dots ;
the submarginal line is white and distinct throughout, followed by dark patches at
apex, anal angle, und beyond cell.
The species described by me as Chloroclystis seminotata (Nov. Zoot. v. p. 245)
from Mailu, British New Guinea, is very near, and will very likely, when its ¢ is
discovered, be found to belong to this genus.
Supramity TRICHOPTERYGINARE.
78. Anisocolpia aroensis spec. nov.
Forewing: greenish ochreous, almost wholly suffused with fuscous tinged in
parts with olive and in parts with rafous; the lines darker fuscous, or blackish ;
basal patch small, greenish ochreous, edged by a blackish line, with an inner black
line below median vein; inner edge of central fascia from one-fourth of costa,
strongly excurved and forming two blunt projections outwards on subcostal and
median veins, sharply angled basewards on submedian fold, then oblique outwards
to middle of inner margin; space preceding it crossed by four fuscous bands, the
first contiguous above median to basal patch, the second broad, the outer two
narrow and parallel to inner edge of fascia; outer edge of central fascia from
two-thirds of costa to shortly before anal angle, irregularly oblique outwards to
below vein 6, then sharply dentate inwards and outcurved towards inner margin ;
within each edge are two darker lines ; the centre of the fascia above median is
pale ochreous and contains the oblique black linear cell-mark on its lower edge ;
across the fascia between the submedian fold and vein is a streak of black scales ;
beyond the fascia are four dentate sinuate lines, the first two forming the usual pale
band; submarginal line pale, interrupted, followed by a thick dark crenulate line ;
large broad black marginal spots, the margin between them linearly whitish ;
fringe chequered light and dark; the space between veins 3 and 4 is greenish
ochreous, obscuring but not interrupting the transverse lines; an apical spot
slightly paler ; the whole quadrate apical space between the pale costal half of
central fascia and above vein 4 darker than rest of wing.
Hindwing : dull grey, darkening towards hindmargin ; the fringe paler.
Underside dull cinereous, somewhat greenish-tinged ; cell-spot and outer
line darker; the costa with three pale spaces, at middle, beyond onter line, and
at apex.
Palpi speckled, dark fuscous, the tips of all the segments ochreous ; face,
vertex, thorax, and abdomen olive-green mixed with grey ; base of patagia laterally
white ; basal, middle, and anal segmeuts of dorsum with dark rings ; foretibiae and
tarsi dark fuscous with pale rings ; antennae annulate, olive-green and paler.
Expanse of wings : 37 mm.
begr
( 383 )
79. Holorista seminigra spec. nov.
Forewing: pale shining green, crossed by a succession of olive-green irregu-
larly sinuate and dentated lines ; three close to base, five forming a central fascia,
the inner two and outer three coalescing on costa into blotches ; four beyond, of
which the second is thickest, the fourth not dentate and submarginal ; a row of
large black spots at the vein-ends ; fringe pale green; the lines beyond the middle
are more strongly dentate and sinuous.
Hindwing : with the costal half whitish, the lower half blackish, the limiting
line straight ; basal lobe small and semi-erect, the margin below it distorted, the
usual three outer lobes ill-defined, the clefts being short, and the lobes overlapping ;
fringe pale towards costa, blackish below ; a curved black pencil of hairs from
base of lobe as in fasciata Moore ; palpi very long, green, the terminal segment
darker ; antennae blackish; vertex, thorax, and abdomen green. In the ? the
central fascia is purplish, the third line from base and the second thicker line
beyond central fascia purplish-tinged, as is the marginal area.
Underside greenish cinereous, darker in forewing ; the lower half of hindwing
of 3 deep black.
Expanse of wings: d, 26 mm.; 2, 29 mm.
Hes 1,
Supramity DEILINIINAE.
80. Aplochlora subflava Warr.
This species was described from a 2 only (ef. Nov. Zoou. iii. p. 392) from
Humboldt Bay, Dutch New Guinea. It was distinguished from A. ¢iévilaca WIk.
by the deep yellow underside. In his paper in Trans. Ent. Soc. 1902. p. 608. 604.
Col. Swinhoe sinks it to vizé/aca, on the ground of its being faded. I have just seen
a 3 from the Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, taken by Meek in February
1903, which effectually disproves the correctness of this opinion. The insect in
question, except that it has lost the abdomen and hindlegs, is in good condition.
Both wings are dull olive-green with rather large purplish cell-spots ; the costa
of forewing thickly striated with purplish; the hindmargin with three purplish
marginal spots below costa; both wings with traces of a postmedian line of
purplish striae, incomplete in forewing, curyed and entire in hindwing. The
underside of both wings is deep dull yellow, becoming red-tinged towards hind-
margins. But what separates this ¢ at once is the size and structure of the
hindwing: this is disproportionately large for the size of the forewing, and the
inner margin is developed into a large flap with a kink on its edge at one-third from
base, into which the shortened and contorted submedian veins run; this flap, though
coloured green above, like the rest of wing, is hollowed out beneath, whitish, not
yellow, in colour, and clothed with pale hairs. The insect is probably peculiar to
New Guinea. Besides the original ? type from Humboldt Bay I have seen only
one other, taken, also by Meek in February, in 1899 at Milne Bay, British New
Guinea,
81. Eugnesia decolorata spec. nov.
Forewing : cream-colour, dotted with dull reddish fuscous ; the two lines grey ;
the first at one-fourth, vertical, but outcurved above and below median ; the second,
nearly straight, at two-thirds ; both with black dots on the veins and on costa and
( 384 )
inner margin, in the first on the inner edge, in the second on the outer ; submarginal
line preceded by spots between the veins, the two above and below vein 6 blotched
together, that below vein 4 preceded by a grey cloud; the speckling beyond the
submarginal sometimes also massed into slight spots on the veins, of which that
on vein 6 is always larger and greyer; a black spot at base on median vein, a black
diseal spot, and black marginal spots; fringe like wings.
Hindwing : similar ; the inner line grey without spots ; no grey blotch below
vein 4.
Underside without speckling, and with the markings grey.
Head, thorax, and abdomen concolorous ; the shoulders, the patagia, and each
dorsal segment with a pair of black spots ; palpi externally blackish ; the foretibia
and first tarsal segment dark.
Expanse of wings: ¢, 26 mm.; ?, 30 mm.
Vg 219 2.
These are identical with the straw-coloured fourth form of varians alluded
to below. i
82. Eugnesia lineata Warr.
Like the last species 2. decolorata, but with darker speckling ; the costa
of forewings black ; the lines all black and concise; the shades before and beyond
submarginal line darker, subdentate, and more or less entire ; the blotch on vein
6 black; a straight black streak from outer line to hindmargin between veins
3 and 4, and a less marked one along vein 6; all the rest as in decolorata, but with
the black markings intensified.
Expanse of wings: 34 mm.
ei, Bx
This is the form described by me as Syntaracta varians ab. lineata.
Swinhoe was probably right (ef. Tr. #. S. 1902. p. 606) in considering it a
distinct species, although his sinking the other two forms to camptogrammaria
proves to have been premature.
83. Eugnesia varians Warr.
In Noy. Zoot. i. p. 409 (1894), I described 5 22 from Gunong Tjau, four
of which varied somewhat from one another, as Syntaracta varians, differentiating
the most marked form as ab. lineata. I have not met with another example
of any of these forms till now, when the three most variant have turned up
among the insects caught by A. 8. Meek on the Upper Aroa River, British New
Guinea ; two of these are represented by dd as well as ? $ ; and these dd having
perfectly simple antennae, it follows that the species must be transferred to the
genus Hugnesia. With them came also three examples, all ??, of Hugnesia
correspondens Warr. described from Luzon, and, except for a single example from
Nias Island, only received hitherto from that locality.
Of the form first described, to which must be restricted the original name
varians, there are three gd and thirteen ?9, the latter very close indeed to
Syntaracta camptogrammaria Guen., the gd distinguishable at once by the
antennae, the much darker costa, and the more bulging hindwings ; they are also
more brightly coloured than the ? $.
They are all dated February and March, 1903, and measure 32 to 34 mm. in
expause on the average, though small ? 2 occur of 28 mm.
———
( 385 )
84. Ingena lucifera spec. nov.
Forewing : pearl-grey, iridescent in certain aspects ; the ground-colour being
of whitish scales thickly dusted with grey, the darker shades lavender-grey ; costa
deep brown ; inner shade obscure, from costa at one-third, bent on median vein and
vertical to one-third of inner margin ; outer shade thick and diffuse, its outer edge
obscurely dentate, from five-sixths of costa to two-thirds of inner margin ; cell-spot
dark grey ; a dentate submarginal line close to margin; the area beyond it dark
grey ; fringe like the margin.
Hindwing: \asal shade absent; cell-spot diffuse; basal area to outer line
darker tinted ; the space between outer and submarginal lines, as in forewing, paler
than the rest.
Underside smooth pearly grey, with a lilac tinge; fringe darker.
Face and palpi dark brown, like costal edge; vertex, thorax, and abdomen
pearl-grey, speckled with dark. Underside of abdomen, pectus, and femora white ;
tibiae and tarsi fuscous.
Expanse of wings : 32 mm.
12 6d, 6 28.
The ¢¢ have a distinct fovea at the base of hindwing as in Leucetaera, but
though all the subcostals are stalked together as in that genus, there is no anasto-
mosis with 12, 11 only approximating at a point ; I refer it temporarily to Zngena
with which it agrees in style of marking.
85. Plectoneura subrubida spec. nov.
Like P. albida Warr., differing from that species in the following points : the
costa of forewing is smoky purplish black till just before apex ; the whole hind-
margiu is purplish black, broad at apex, where it is limited by an oblique pale
streak, and narrowing to a point at anal angle ; in a/dida the costa is ochreous yellow,
and the hindmarginal shade is slight, reaching to middle of wing only. Under-
neath, a/dida is white, tinged with reddish, with no dark shades ; in subrubida the
whole underside is deep rosy ; the costa narrowly, and the hindmargin broadly, black
in the forewing. Further the fringe of forewing is purplish black except just at anal
avgle ; in aldida it is rufous throughout. ;
Expause of wings : 34 mm.
43d.
Along with these came 1 ¢, 6 2, of P. albida, showing that the difference
between the species is not sexual only.
Supramity BRACCINAE.
86. Arycanda alternata spec. nov.»
Forewings : dull slate-colour, crossed by fine sinuous lines and series of spots,
alternately dark slate-colour and blackish ; two curved basal lines, the inner dark
slate, the outer marked by black spots on veins ; the middle line, curved outwards
above round the small black cell-spot or sometimes touching it, slate-colour ;
the line following consists of small black spots; the next two of somewhat more
elongated spots, slate-colour and black; the submarginal of wedge-shaped spots
elongated and almost touching the black marginal dots,
Hindwing : similar ; without the two basal lines.
( 386 )
Underside bluish slate-colour with a broad darker marginal border; the cell-
spots round and black.
Head, thorax, and abdomen slate-colonr.
Expanse of wings: d, 388mm. ; ?, 44mm.
iid, 0 RP.
87. Arycanda concussa spec. nov.
Very much like A. /leailinea Warr., differing as follows: the third and fourth
lines on forewing are quite straight, the third oblique outwards, the fourth oblique
inwards. The distance between them on inner margin twice as great as in /lewilinea,
the fourth passing just outside of the cell-spot, or sometimes through it, and then
forming with the third an actual isosceles triangle ; the three outer shades all more
oblique outwards. The hindwing differs only in having all the inner lines
straighter.
Expanse of wings: ¢, 44mm; 2,50 mm.
Pa eich sh ec
88. Arycanda fasciata spec. nov.
Forewing: slaty blue, of the same tint as flevilinea Warr. and concussa Warr.,
all the lines or shades sinuous, parallel to each other and to hindmargin ; the outer
of the two basal lines and the fourth darker than the rest and enclosing a darker
blue central fascia containing the cell-spot and third line ; the penultimate shade,
which in /exilinea and concussa is macular, is continuous and merged in the deeper
tinted hindmargin.
Hindwing :- similar.
Underside with basal half of wings deeper bluish slate-colour than the outer.
Head, thorax, and abdomen concolorous.
Expanse of wings: 50 mm.
1 2.
89. Arycanda fritillaria spec. nov. and ab. interfusa nov.
Forewing : pale slate-colour at base and broadly along costa and hindmargin ;
the inner triangular area pale chocolate-brown ; three basal curved lines of large
black spots: the first close to base consisting of three spots, the second of four,
all these between the veins; the third of three spots, on the veins ; a large black
cell-spot, just beyond which is a series of seven spots on the veins, the first three
oblique outwards and contiguous ; in the marginal area are four series of spots,
oblique outwards to vein 6, then slanting inwards, the innermost of eight spots on
the veins, the other three of spots between the veins, those of the outer two
separated only by the yeins; a marginal series of black lozenge-shaped marks ;
fringe slate-colour.
Hindwing: with basal two-thirds chocolate-brown; the outer lines as in
forewing ; before the black cell-spot only three small black spots on veins,
representing third line of forewings.
Underside dull slate-colour, with round black cell-spots on each wing ; inner
margin and fringe of hindwings pale ochreous.
Head, thorax, shoulders, patagia, and basal segments of abdomen slate-colour,
all spotted with black; palpi externally black ; abdomen yellow, with black blotches
on third and fourth segments and on anal segment of d.
( 387 )
Expanse of wings: ¢,52mm.; ?, 60 mm.
8dd,6 PF.
In the 3 for which I propose the name ab. interfusa there are only three outer
lines ; the innermost of the usual four being shifted inwards and forming elongate
black blotches on the veins touching the spots of the central line, the topmost. spots
of the third series, the central and the outer one coalescing to form a large black
costal blotch above the cell-mark. In the hindwing the shifted series appears as
a series of thin lines on the veins immediately beyond the cell-spot. In all other
respects, the aberration agrees with the type-form.
1d.
90. Craspedosis casta spec. noy.
Forewing: white, costal region above subcostal vein black ; outer half of
wing black, its inner edge curved from below middle of costa to four-fifths of inner
margin.
Hindwing : white, with broad black hindmargin; the abdominal margin
broadly yellow-tinged ; fringes of both wings black.
Underside like upper.
Head, palpi, shoulders, and base of patagia black ; legs blackish ; thorax and
rest of patagia white ; abdomen yellow both above and below.
Expanse of wings: 48 mm.
1 ?.
91. Craspedosis flavicollis spec. nov.
Forewing : velvety black ; a paler broadish fascia near base and an outwardly
curved narrow band from four-fifths of costa to two-thirds of inner margin ;
a large oval hoary grey spot on discocellular ; fringe black.
Hindwing: deep black, with an irregularly pentagonal white blotch in the
centre.
Underside of forewing dull black with the discal blotch white ; of hindwings
with the white space more nearly round.
Palpi beneath, lower part of face, shoulders, and base of patagia orange ; the
rest of the body black ; legs and abdomen beneath black.
Expanse of wings: 39 mm.
222.
92. Craspedosis laticlava spec. nov.
Forewing : purplish black, with a broad white band from subcostal vein just
before middle of wing to vein 1 before anal angle, its edges parallel.
Hindwing : without markings.
Underside the same ; a slightly paler patch at anal angle of hindwing.
Head, thorax, abdomen, and legs concolorous ; anal tuft of ¢ ochreous.
Expanse of wings: ¢,48 mm.; ?, 54 mm.
Lid 2 9 2.
Except for the broad white fascia of forewing this species is identical with
three others (2 dd, 19), taken at the same time and place, which I refer to C. funebris
Warr., the type from Fergusson Island.
( 388 )
93. Craspedosis nigerrima spec. nov.
Forewing: deep velvety black ; a narrow oblique white streak, at three-fifths
from base, from vein 6 to 3; fringe black.
Hindwing: with broad velvety black marginal border, narrowly produced
along costal and inner margins to base, which is shortly black ; centre of wing
shining white.
Underside like upper, but the white markings larger, their edges diffuse ; the
streak of forewing broader, and running from subcostal vein to vein 2.
Head, thorax, abdomen and legs black ; front of forefemora grey.
Expanse of wings: 38 mm.
ihat
The abdomen of this ¢ is slender and elongate, as in Stenocharta Warr., but
in other respects it agrees with Craspedosis, except that the fovea is absent.
Distinguished from C. ovalis Warr. by the wholly black abdomen and, absence
of fovea.
Supeamity ASCOTINAKE.
94, Alcis flaccida spec. nov.
3. Forewing: dull whitish, dusted with fawn-colour ; the lines and markings
darker ; costa paler, with short fine striae and brownish spots at one-fourth and
before one-half ; first line at one-fourth, curved outwards above median, darker
marked on veins, preceded by a diffuse shade ; median shade irregularly dentate-
Iunulate, outeurved above and nearly touching outer line above inner margin ; outer
line from two-thirds of costa, vertical to vein 6 with slight dentations on veins 7
and 8, forming a-deep outward sinus to vein 4, then oblique inwards to beyond middle
of inner margin, forming another larger outward sinus from vein 3 to submedian fold,
followed by a cloudy shade ; submarginal line dentate-lunulate, pale, the lunules
filled in with darker fawn-colour, except between veins 3 and 4; marginal dark spots
between veins ; fringe concolorous.
Hindwing : without first line ; a slight ocelloid cell-spot between inner and
outer lines, otherwise as in forewing.
Underside pale stone-colonr, with slight greyish submarginal shade in forewing.
Face and palpi pale below, brownish above ; vertex, thorax, and abdomen like
wings ; second segment of abdomen brown with black edges.
? with the lines black, the speckling fuscous, and the basal and marginal areas
dark fawn, underneath greyer ; the submarginal band complete and continued on
hindwing ; the cell-spots and outer line marked. The smaller and paler 2 has
a broad smoky brown band crossing both wings above, between the inner and
median lines.
Expanse of wings: ¢d, 44 mm.; ?, 46—52 mm.
is, eae
Ovipositor of ? long, exserted.
95. Alcis papuensis spec. noy. and ab. decolor nov., ab. maculata nov.,
and ab. ocellata nov.
3. Forewing: pale ochreous, suffused and sometimes speckled with tawny and
grey ; costa with fine short black striae; base with a small tawny blotch ; first line
at nearly one-third, black-brown, angled on subcostal, then curved to near base of
inner margin preceded by a diffuse tawny and grey shade; outer line from nearly
( 389 )
two-thirds, angled inwards above and outwards below vein 6, then oblique inwards
and straight, but forming a sinus across submedian interval; this is followed by a
parallel tawny and grey shade ; median line passing inside or touching the black
cell-spot and approximated to outer line at inner margin; submarginal line wavy,
lunulate, whitish, the lunules above vein 7, between 6 and 4, and below vein 3 filled
in with black, interrupted between by pale ochreous ; marginal spots black ; fringe
ochreous, sometimes chequered with darker. Sometimes the pale areas along the
submedian interspace become whitish ; sometimes a tawny shade runs longitudinally
above median and along vein 6,
Hindwing : without first line ; the antemedian slightly sinuous, tawny, the
postmedian sinuous, dentated, and blackish ; the rest as in forewing.
Underside pale ochreous ; the forewings tinged with grey ; cell-spots and outer
lines slightly shown.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous ; head and thorax often darker,
olive-ochreous ; abdomen with basal sezments often marked with black-brown.
? with wings much longer in proportion, suffused throughout with rufous, and
marked with hoary grey along cell and submedian interspace and in the submarginal
lunules ; the only pale ochreous tint remaining being the submarginal line ; all
the markings as in the d, but the shades accompanying the inner and outer lines
less conspicuous ; the fringe greyer ; ovipositor long, exserted.
The form of the ¢ above described was made typical as being nearest to that of
the ?. A second, apparently equally common with the type, may be known as
ab. decolor ; in this all tawny and dark grey shades disappear; the pale ochreous
ground-colour is dusted with olivaceous ochreous ; the two lines are marked only by
dark vein-spots, and the shades accompanying them and the submarginal line are
inconspicuous. Of this paler form two less common developments occur: in one,
ab. maculata, the space between outer and submarginal line below vein 4 and the
marginal space beyond, except between 3 and 4, is chestnut-brown ; and the shade
before first line of forewings and that beyond second line of hindwings on inner
margin is of the same colour; the other, ab. ocellata, is suffused with rufous, and
the cell-spots in both wings have pale centres within brown rings.
Expanse of wings: ¢, 35—40 mm.; ?, 44—46 mm.
21 33 of the type-form ; 18 do of ab. decolor; 2 5S of ab. ocellata, and
1¢ of ab. maculata ; and 4 ¢ 2 only.
96. Blepharoctenucha albescens Warr., Nov. Zoo. iil. p. 400.
The description was made from a ¢ and two ?¢ from S. Java, from
Fruhstorfer’s collection, taken in 1891, at an altitude of 1500 metres.
In Trans. Ent. Soc. 1902. p. 619, Colonel Swinhoe says: ‘‘ These are South
American insects with wrong locality labels on them. There is a ? in the B.M.
registered San Pedro, Honduras (Fruhstorfer), which is probably the correct
locality ; they have not the appearance of Hastern insects.”
Why the three labels in Coll. Rothschild should be wrong and the one label in
the B.M. right, is not stated.
Among the insects lately received from New Gninea, from the Upper Aroa
River, is a pair of B. albescens Warr., corresponding exactly with the types from
Java ; and as all the insects of this collection were sent home ready set, there can
be no question about their Eastern origin, or erroneous labels. My friend Colonel
Swinhoe must request the authorities at the British Museum to correct theirs.
( 390 )
97. Elphos exalbata spec. nov.
Forewing: white with a few grey striae ; the basal third, a large square
apical space, and a shallow blotch along inner margin at anal angle grey-tinted and
speckled and mixed with yellow ; first line at one-fourth, black, vertical, forming
strong curves above and below the median vein ; outer line commencing at two-
thirds, dentate outwards and not reaching beyond vein 6, the lower part below
vein 2 forming a deep sinus to vein 1 and an oblique line inwards to before middle
of inner margin ; submarginal line pale grey, only visible through the apical blotch,
the white ground-colour invading the central fascia above middle and reaching
hindmargin between veins 1 and 3, and the inner margin partially beyond
middle.
Hindwing: with costal and hindmargins broadly grey-brown, the bluish-
white lunnlate submarginal line, the lunules filled up with dark, being uninter-
rupted, and the commencement of the outer line shown as far as vein 6, the whole
interior of the wing being white, sparsely speckled with fuscous grey ; on the inner
margin the outer line is shown by a grey lunule, and three vein-spots mark the
inner line.
Underside with basal two-fifths, apical third, and anal blotch smoky fuscons,
the area between them, except along costa, white, without speckling, but with
the veins across it black ; hindwing white, with broad smoky black marginal
border to near middle of costa.
Head and thorax grey ; abdomen with basal segments pale grey, becoming
yellow towards end ; its underside yellow ; legs fuscous ; pectus ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 82 mm.
ileyess
98. Gasterocome subdivisa spec. noy.
Forewing: bright pale ochreous, the speckling and markings olive-brown ;
costa with close striations ; a small blotch at base ; a broad antemedian fascia with
its outer edge curved, formed by a dark line rising from a costal spot ; central
fascia above middle formed of two blotches, one median, the other postmedian, of
which the median is itself often subdivided from below ; beiow middle of one curved
triangular blotch, also subdivided on inner margin by a pale line; the outer edge
of median patch and inner edge of postmedian formed by the usual median and
outer lines ; marginal area formed of two patches, through which the pale wavy
submarginal line is conspicuous ; a broad streak of pale ground-colour runs from
base below median vein to hindmargin separating all these markings, the pale
ground appearing as a short band near base, an inwardly oblique antemedian band,
and a similar band from apex to two-thirds of inner margin, joined at middle by
another from beyond middle of costa, forming a Y ; the pale spaces are more or less
speckled with fuscous and in the $? tinged with tawny; a row of marginal
triangular spots between veins; fringe fuscous, with a dark middle line, and
interrupted by ochreous at apex and between veins 3 and 4.
FHindwing : with basal half pale, coarsely fuscous-speckled, with an obscure
antemedian and distinct sinuous postmedian dark line with a large ocelloid cell-spot
between them ; the outer line followed by a broad brown fascia, a pale band of
ground-colour, and a marginal brown border containing the whitish submarginal
line, which is preceded by black blotches.
( 391 )
Underside duller, with all markings reproduced.
Palpi ochreous, externally brown; face, vertex, thorax, and abdomen pale
ochreous, deeper tinged in the 2 ; sometimes even in the d the face and vertex are
also brownish; middle of shoulders, middle and tips of patagia fuscous ; a pair of
brown lateral spots on the two basal seements of abdomen, which are paler than
the rest ; legs ochreous, fuscous-speckled ; fore- and midtibiac and tarsi blackish,
with yellow rings at the joints ; subanal tufts dull ochreous.
Expanse of wings: ¢,46 mm.; ¢, 44 mm.
83d, 422.
99. Myrioblephara callichlora spec. nov.
Forewing: bright pale green, finely dusted with olive atoms ; costa ochreous
with short grey streaks ; a short line close to base ; inner, median, and outer lines
double, marked with rather large black spots on the veins ; the inner more or less
filled up with olive scales between the arms ; the median distinct only at costa ;
the outer tinged with olive above vein 6, and between veins 3 and 4, this blotch
extending to submarginal line, which is preceded by wedge-shaped marks filled up
with olive and black scales below costa and beyond cell, and outlined ouly with
olive below middle, followed also by a slight dark lunulate line with a blotch
beyond cell; marginal spots large, black ; fringe pale green, chequered with black
beyond veins ; cell-spot small, brownish.
Hindwing: whitish grey, tinged with pale green along inner- and hind-
margins ; the lines strongest on inner margin, the antemedian line there being
black and double; the postmedian punctate on veins, its outer arm faint; the
rest as in forewing.
Underside greenish white, tinged with grey in forewing ; all the lines dark
grey.
Palpi fuscous; head and thorax green, with a few olive scales ; abdomen
green at base, dark grey in middle, pale ochreous at anal end ; underside ochreous ;
forelegs dark fuscons.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
536.
Near M. picta Warr. from 8. Java.
100. Myrioblephara confusa spec. nov.
This species agrees with M. flevilinea iu the main; in particular the outer
line of hindwing projects, as in that species, below middle, having a distinctly
sinuous course, not parallel to inner line, and the three lines of forewing are at
equal distances ; it differs in the following points: it is altogether much darker
and clouded grey, and is without any ochreous tinge whatever, the shades accom-
panying the inner and outer lines being dark grey and thick ; secondly, the outer
line of forewing is evenly curved from the costa without forming the prominent
rounded elbow at vein 5 which characterises /ewilinea. The lines generally are
less interrupted, and the inner and outer lines, owing to the grey shade accompanying
them, more distinctly double.
DOIG BES te
( 392 )
101. Myrioblephara flexilinea spec. nov. and ab. albidata nov. and
ab. fasciata nov.
Forewing: greyish white, dusted with grey or ochreous grey; the lines
blackish or dark grey from dark costal spots, outbent above and incurved on
submedian fold, then again oblique outwards ; all three at equal distances apart,
the inner at one-third, the outer at two-thirds, both accompanied by a parallel
shade which is always more or less ochreous ; submarginal line pale, wavy, between
darker grey clouds ; a slightly paler patch below middle of margin ; marginal spots
large, blackish; fringe pale grey.
Hindwing: with diffuse double antemedian and postmedian dark grey lines,
the latter insinuate in cell and projecting on veins 3 and 4, not parallel to inner
lines ; the rest as in forewing ; cell-spots of both wings dark grey.
Underside dull dirty grey, with the lines, cell-spots, and outer margin darker.
Head, thorax, and abdomen like wings ; palpi externally darker.
Expause of wings: 26 mm.
13 29, 493.
Distinguished by the sinuous outeurved second line of hindwing.
One form of the 3, ab. albida, has the ground-colour quite white, and the
markings consequently much clearer; the lines at costa black. Another, ab. fasciata,
has the space between inner and median lines throughout and between inner and
outer lines below middle filled up with smoky black on forewing ; also the inner
half of central space on the hindwing; and the ochreous tints beyond are more
widely spread.
102. Myrioblephara ligdiodes spec. nov.
Forewing : whitish, speckled with grey and rufous, and towards hindmargin
slightly tinged with rufous ; first and second lines blackish, curved, parallel and
near to each other, and both nearer than usual to the base of wing, the space
between them filled up with purplish grey, forming a distinct fascia ; outer line
marked by a dark costal spot, curved outwards to vein 4 and only slightly oblique
inwards below to beyond middle of inner margin, very faintly traceable by rufous
scales ; the rufous shade following it diffuse and well separated from it ; submarginal
line wavy, pale, preceded from costa to vein 5 by a curved black shade of lunules
and followed by a dark shade between 6 and 4, the apex being left pale like the
rest of the marginal area, except for a rufous cloud between veins 2 and 3; marginal
spots slender ; fringe white, with dark scales below vein 6 ; cell-spot wanting.
Hindwing : with a double black line near base, continuing the dark fascia of
forewings ; the two arms of the outer line scarcely traceable ; hindmargin tinged
with rufous and grey, with a darker waved shade before the indistinct submarginal
line.
Underside whitish, suffused in forewing with rufous brown, with a dark line
and cloud near base, a slender dark outer line, and a broad smoky black marginal
border, which leaves the apex broadly and the hindmargin narrowly pale ; hindwing
grey-tinged, with broad curved inner and narrow outer line; the dark margin
narrower; extreme margin and fringe white.
Face and palpi ochreous grey ; collar white ; thorax, shoulders, and patagia
purplish fuscous ; abdomen marked with purplish fuscous on basal half, becoming
dull whitish towards end.
( 393 )
Expanse of wings: 29 mm.
Los
Superficially like the species of the genus Ligdia.
103. Myrioblephara minima spec. nov.
Forewing: whitish grey, darker speckled, and slightly tinged with fawn-
colour ; the lines very fine; basal line double, close to base, slightly outeurved above
median vein : median line indistinct, except near inner margin, where it is waved
and approaches outer line; outer line from two-thirds, nearly vertical, faintly
curved from costa to submedian fold, where it is indented, thence vertical, marked
on veins with small inwardly projecting black teeth, followed by a slight grey
shade ; submarginal line whitish, lunulate, between two dark shades, the inner
one filling up the Junules and connected with the shade beyond outer line along
costa and inner margin and beyond cell ; a row of black marginal spots ; fringe
grey, with slight dark marks beyond veins.
Hindwing : with a black speck at base, thence to the straight antemedian
line white, with a few black speckles ; the rest of wing grey, and like forewing.
Underside dull fawn-tinged grey, with the lines, cell-spots, and marginal shade
darker.
Head, thorax, and abdomen cinereous; first two segments of abdomen above
white, with black speckles, like base of hindwing, third and fourth segments
blackish, with white rings.
Expanse of wings: 22 mm.
Le
104. Myrioblephara muscosa spec. uoy. and ab. impleta nov.
Forewing : white, washed with pale olive-ochreons, and covered with dense
and short black striae; the lines black; a black spot at base of costa, and a curved
black line just beyond running round the fovea, often obscure or obsolete ; inner
line at about one-third, curved ; outer line at two-thirds, outcurved round cell,
then sinuous to middle of inner margin; median line, sometimes obscure, strongly
curved outwards round the black cell-spot, approaching outer line below middle ;
space within the bend of outer line nearly always white and generally without
speckling ; submarginal line, interrupted like the marginal area between veins 3
and 4, indicated by the darker preceding shade, which sometimes fills the lunules
up with black, and by the darker marginal striae which follow it, the tips of the
lunules showing white; some slight dark marginal marks ; fringe chequered ochreous
and dark.
Hindwing : generally paler, with two thick dark lines enclosing the dark
cell-spot, the outer one sinuous, and an interrapted macular submarginal shade
before sabmarginal line.
Underside like upper, but duller.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-ochreous, varied with black ; palpi blackish
externally ; legs dark, ringed and spotted with ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 26—30 mm.
123d, 2 2%.
In vine ont of the twelve dd the central and marginal areas, often the basal,
are whully suffused with dark olive and black, leaving only the large fovea and the
( 394 )
white spot within the bend of outer line whitish, the pale band beyond middle with
its arm to outer margin being sometimes conspicuously olive-ochreous: this form,
which is probably not confined to the d¢ only, may be distinguished as ab. émpleta.
105. Myrioblephara palumbina spec. nov.
3. Forewing: pale dull olive-green, speckled with dark; the markings
brown and black ; a small blotch at base ; first line before one-third, angled in cell,
then vertical, preceded by a similar line, the space between brown ; outer line at
three-fifths, sigmoid, bent ontwards beyond cell, then concave to two-thirds of inner
margin, followed by a deep brown parallel shade ; median line parallel to outer and
generally nearer it than to inner, outbent round the small cell-spot ; submarginal
line waved, preceded by a narrow brown shade only distinct at costa and inner margin ;
marginal area beyond it deep brown, interrupted at apex and between veins 3 and 4;
black marginal spots united by a thin marginal line ; fringe olive and brown.
In the ¢ the ground is pale dove-colour, tinged with olive, or grey, or brown ;
the striations and lines all clearer and more defined.
Findwing : pale towards base, with a faint greenish tinge ; outer line brown,
sinuous, sometimes a faint straight antemedian line before the dark cell-spot ; outer
half suffused with rosy brown ; the whole thickly striated with dark; a dark waved
submarginal cloud.
Underside grey, tinged with ochreous, olive-green, or grey, and thickly dark-
speckled, with the markings irregularly represented; marginal area in ? darker,
broadly smoky brown.
Head, thorax, and abdomen corresponding to ground-colour of forewing : in
the darker ¢ the head and thorax are dark olive-fuscous, the abdomen above
cinereous, with a broad black band on second segment ; in the other ¢ only the
abdomen is fuscous from the third segment to the end; in the ? all are pale
except a brown spot on metathorax and mark on second dorsal segment.
Expanse of wings : 35 mm.
2 Ona te
The large unscaled fovea and the markings agree with Myrioblephara, though
the cilia are shorter than in typical species.
106. Myrioblephara pergrisea spec. noy.
This species agrees with J. sudtrita in having the two lines of hindwing
parallel to each other, and the upper half of hindwing above median with the
markings blurred ; it differs in being wholly suffused with dull grey, especially the
basal half of forewing, aud in the absence of ochreous shades, the general
appearance being thus quite different; also the middle line of forewing is not
nearer the inner, more often, on the contrary, it is approximated to the outer line,
especially below middle, where, in fact, all the markings are confused and difficult
to follow. It stands in much the same relation to sudtrita as the dark grey confusa
does to flexilinea.
3 06,1 %, the ? rather smaller.
107. Myrioblephara subtrita spec. nov.
Forewing : white, speckled and tinged in places with dark grey ; the lines
blackish ; the median line nearer the inner than the outer, the greyish or ochreous
grey shade that precedes the inner extended to the median, forming a dark fascia ;
( 395 )
the costal half of wing between median line and outer prominently white ; sub-
marginal line wavy, white between two blackish shades ; the ochreous or grey
shade following outer line darkened into a blotch at middle, especially in the ¢ ¢,
before the clear pale spot on the dark margin; cell-spot and marginal spots black ;
fringe white, with dark chequering.
Hindwing: white; with double antemedian and postmedian dark lines
sinuous and parallel to each other ; rest of wing as in forewing ; all the markings
above the median vein less clear than those below, as if blurred.
Underside pearly whitish, in forewing suffused with grey; the lines and
cell-spots dark grey ; a broad blackish marginal border, containing a small pale
marginal spot at middle of both wings and at apex of forewing.
Head and thorax pale or dark grey, in the females blackish ; abdomen white,
with two middle segments dark grey.
Expanse of wings : 26 mm.
733,72; the 2? slighter smaller than the dd.
108. Myrioblephara vivida spec. nov. and ab. brunnea nov.
Forewing : whitish, slightly speckled with pale grey, the costa darker grey ;
first line at one-third, dark grey, slightly outbent at median, preceded by a very thick
diffuse dark shade; outer line at two-thirds, outcurved to vein 2, where it is
indented, thence vertical, followed by a thick grey shade ; median line strongly
outbeut round the dark cell-spot and dentate below, as in albipunctata ; sub-
marginal line white, wavy between two dark grey shades ; a distinct whitish patch
on margin below middle ; slight dark marginal spots ; fringe mottled whitish
and pale grey.
Hindwing : with the two arms of antemediau line thick and well separated,
the outer arm nearly at middle and touching the cell-spot, both stopping short at
the cell; outer line waved, thick and double, approaching submarginal shades,
which with the line itself are distinct.
Underside dull cinereous, with the markings distinct ; marginal band broad,
showing the four dark shades.
Head and thorax dark grey; abdomen grey with white rings; the basal
segments whiter, with a black ring beyond metathorax.
Expanse of wings : 26 mm.
2384,2%%. Of these 1 d must be separated as ab. drunnea; all the
marking dark olive-brown on a creamy white ground.
109. Paradromulia anomala Warr.
A long series, including both sexes of this species, from the Upper Aroa River,
British New Guinea, proves it to be extraordinarily variable. I doubt if it can be
kept distinct from the type species ambigua Warr. from Fergusson Island ; while
nigrocellata from Suer, Mefor, and lignifascia from Guadaleanar and Ron Island,
probably also rufibrunnea from Queensland, will have to be merged in it. Of the
66 specimens received 29 (17 dd, 12 ?) may be referred to the type-form ;
3, all dd, represent the ab. rufigrisea ; while the rest form 7 new aberrations,
quite distinct from any previously met with. It is worthy of note that, on the
average, the %% are smaller than the dd in all the forms, and that they have
a white apical spot on the underside of forewings.
( 396.)
Of the ab. rufigrisea there are three typical examples, all dd. Of this form
ab. albigrisea nov.
is a development ; the brown tints of the basal and maginal areas are darker ; while
the blue-grey of rufigrisea gives place to white or bluish white, densely black-
speckled, which hue, instead of being restricted to the central area only, is extended
below vein 4 to the hindmargin; the cell-mark is a thick brown ring with
pale centre.
53d,1?.
ab. lacteata noy.
is a further development ; the black speckling is either quite absent or very scanty,
and except the basal and apical patch of forewing and a slight anal shade the
whole wing is bluish white, with the brown cell-mark conspicuous ; in the hind-
wing the whole basal half is white, and sometimes the marginal area below
middle ; abdomen white, peppered with grey.
1d,2 39.
ab. complicata nov.
stands somewhat by itself. Here the three black lines and the inner black edge of
the submarginal line stand out conspicuously from the ground-colour, which is
reddish fawn in the ¢ and whitish, tinged with rufous, in the $, and these are
crossed in both wings by black streaks from the cell-spot to hindmargin along
vein 4.
sie! GA
ab. variegata nov.
In this the dark and light shades are most mixed up together. The forewing
has the large black cell-mark followed by a whitish blotch before the dark blotch
following the outer line below costa ; before the submarginal line in both wings
there is a broader pale sinuous line from inner margins. The underside is much
darker, and in this and other respects it approaches the ab. xigrocellata from
Suer, Mefor.
All the examples, 5 in number, are ? ?.
ab. nigrosticta nov.
This has the whole surface of both wings dark grey-brown, thickly dark-
speckled, with no light markings except a fine submarginal line, the usual cross-
lines indistinct, and marked only by black spots on veins; but the large round
cell-spots and the lunules preceding the submarginal line, with a subapical streak
beyond it, are all conspicuously velvety black ; the basal segment of abdomen with
a broad velvety black ring.
iPrsyn Ih eae
ab. albimaculata nov.
This form corresponds to the aberration from Fergusson Island called maculata,
in which the anal blotches in both wings and an apical blotch in forewing are pale
ochreous ; in the New Guinea form these blotches are white, and other white
blotches are developed : one before first line near base, one below costa in the bend
of the outer line, a curved fascia beyond first line, and the whole base of hindwing
sometimes all in the same example. On the other hand, in two of the dark examples
the white blotches at anal angles and apex, though present, are masked and obscured
( 397 )
by dark and partially confluent striae. In the darkest marked specimens the cell-spot
is obscured ; where visible it appears as a large ocellus with pale centre ; but in two
examples the discal mark is round and black, and these appear to form the transition
to ab. variegata.
9 33, 4 2%,of which 2 d¢ have the white markings masked, and 2 the
cell-spots black and large.
ab. uniformis noy.
Forewing: dull grey-brown, without dark or light shades; costa with yellowish
striae, lines marked by black spots on veins; submarginal line waved, whitish,
forming a broader, elongate mark at anal angle; anal region with a few yellow
striae ; fringe concolorous; discal mark obsolete ; veins slightly dotted with
yellow.
Hindwing : the same ; lines visible along inner margin.
Underside either wholly dull grey-brown, or with the basal half paler and large
dull black cell-spots.
In one example the forewing is marked with a dull yellowish erect blotch on
inner margin before submarginal line and a marginal yellowish blotch between
veins 3 and 4, the lower part of submarginal line being plainer on both wings.
33d.
110. Paradromulia fuscimedia spec. nov.
Forewing: whitish, tinged with pale sepia-brown and striated with fuscons ;
the central area dark fuscous-brown ; the lines blackish ; first from one-third of
costa, curved to near base of inner margin, generally interrupted below median ;
outer line from three-fourths of costa, sinuous, to middle of inner margin, bluntly
bent outwards at vein 4, sharply inwards at vein 2, thence vertical, approximated
there to a median line which is slightly bent at middle ; all three lines from black
costal spots ; outer line followed by a broad, dentate-edged, parallel dark sepia-brown
fascia, the dark tint extending inwards as far as the median line, becoming diluted
towards costa, where it generally reaches the inner line, and sometimes extends
beyond it; along the outer edge of this shade the white ground-colour stands out
clear ; submarginal line whitish, obscure, the preceding lunular spaces partially
filled up with pale brown, the two subcostal ones with dark fuscous ; marginal area
deeper brown above vein 4, topped by an oblique black dash across vein 6; slight
black marginal spots; fringe pale brownish, chequered with paler, and darker
tinged above vein 6 ; cell-spot obscured.
Hindwing : without first line; a dark brown shade before submarginal line,
becoming, like the central area, paler before costa ; cell-spot indistinctly ocelloid.
Underside dull whitish ochreous, shaded with pale brownish along costa and
more broadly towards hindmargin, leaving the apex of forewing squarely pale ; the
dark marks faintly shown ; cell-spots of both wings large, fascous-brown with
the discocellular pale ; fringes of hairs along veins of inner margin of hindwings
all ochreous. ;
Face and palpi brown; vertex, shoulders, and patagia ochreous, variously
stained with darker; the patagia with a brown middle bar; abdomen cinereous
ochreous, darker along dorsum ; tuft of hindtibia woolly, blackish grey.
Expanse of wings: 52 mm,
53d.
28
( 398 )
111. Paradromulia purpurea spec. nov.
Forewing: brown with a purplish gloss, finely striated with darker ; first line
at one-fourth, angled on subcostal vein, then straight, nearly vertical, to inner
margin, not curved inwards towards base, as in ambigua Warr., preceded by a dark,
more diffuse, shade ; outer line from three-fifths of costa, dentate-lanulate, marked
darker on the veins, slightly bent outwards at vein 4, but not angled, nor sinuate
below middle ; middle line from costa near first line, passing through the black
elongated cell-spot, below the middle parallel to outer line ; between the cell-spot
and onter line is a square deep fulyous spot ; the shade following outer line is
developed beneath costa into a triangular dark blotch stretching towards apex ;
submarginal line preceded by a dark shade, whitish and more conspicuous above
inner margin; a square white apical blotch; a dark marginal festoon; fringe
dark brown.
Hindwing : dull tawuy ; antemedian line straight, postmedian slightly curved,
punctulate on veins, the shade beyond it stronger ; a dark shade before submarginal
line, the area beyond it more purplish ; cell-spot annular.
Underside deep purplish grey, towards hindmargin darker, becoming purplish
black on forewing before the snow-white apical spot, which is narrowed to vein 6 ;
cell-spot of forewing very large, round, deep black, followed by a whitish space ; of
hindwing much smaller, oval.
Face brown aboye, ochreous below; palpi externally brown ; vertex ochreous ;
antennae tawny, spotted with dark ; thorax purplish cinereous ; abdomen cinereous,
purplish-tinged on basal segments.
Expanse of wings: 44 mm.
4 3¢.
112. Paralcis laeta spec. nov.
Forewing: bright yellowish ochreous ; striae and markings black ; a small
black blotch at base of costa hardly reaching inner margin ; a broad oblique curved
fascia just beyond ; a blotch at middle of costa, containing a pale linear mark on
discocellular ; a longer, more broken costal bloteh at two-thirds, edged inwardly by a
black line, and sinuate inwards below middle, accompanied by black striae and spots,
to a larger blotch near middle of inner margin ; submarginal line lunular, interrupted,
preceded by a dark shade inwardly suffused with tawny, and forming at costa two
black lunules; marginal area blackish, broadly interrupted at apex and between
yeins 3 and 4; black marginal lunules ; fringe dark, except at apex and between
veins 3 and 4.
Hindwing: basal half ochreous, with coarse black speckling and a black
ocelloid cell-spot ; an indistinctly double black postmedian line; the rest as in
forewing.
Underside duller, with the markings reproduced.
Palpi ochreous, externally blackish ; head, thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous,
yellower in the d ; the shoulders, patagia, and basal segments of abdomen speckled
with black ; foretibiae and -tarsi blackish with ochreous joints.
Expanse of wings: d, 39 mm.; %, 36 mm.
eee ee
113. Paralcis lithina spec. noy.
Forewing: pale olive-ochreous, tinged with darker olive, along inner and
hindmargin with slight dark speckling ; first line black from one-fourth of costa,
( 399 )
sharply angled outwards on subcostal vein, then oblique and below median slightly
wavy to inner margin at nearly one-third; preceded by a similarly angled shade
within the angle of which is a spot of pale scales, semitransparent; outer line from
four-fifths of costa to three-fifths of inner margin, slightly dentate on veins and
parallel to hindmargin ; the space between the lines in costal half paler ; the median
line marked by three black longitudinal streaks, one on costa, one on subcostal
vein, and the third along vein 6, the last touching a second spot of pale scales also
-semitransparent, beneath this a round black spot between veins 2 and 3; outer
line followed by a dark-edged olive fascia; submarginal line pale, lunulate-dentate
and interrupted above vein 4, simple, broad, and uninterrupted below, the upper
lunules filled up and followed by darker, the lower half followed by a dark
line; a row of contiguous black marginal lunules ; fringe olive, crenulate, with
darker middle line.
Hindwing : tinged with pinkish; the base pale, followed by a diffuse black
band, preceding the black cell-spot ; outer line finely dentate, regularly curved ; the
submarginal preceded by a broad black shade from anal angle to vein 5, followed at
anal angle by a short white line.
Underside pale ochreous, speckled with black, the veins yellowish ; cell of
forewing with a black spot at each end and a long velvety black streak between
them touching the two semitransparent spots ; traces of a diffuse brown median
line towards inner margin of forewing and across basal area of hindwing, followed
here by a round black cell-spot ; marginal area of both wings beyond the dark
crenulate outer line dark chocolate-brown, with the submarginal line showing
whitish above inner margin and white-spotted towards costa; fringe brown.
Head and palpi black ; collar brown ; shoulders, patagia, and thorax pale
ochreous, the shoulders in front velvety black, the patagia tinged with olive ;
abdomen reddish grey, marked with darker on segmental divisions.
Expanse of wings : 44 mm.
BEGG 81h te
The ¢ is wholly dull olive, speckled with fuscous ; the inner and outer lines
very obscure, marked with black, and the submarginal pale ; the costal, basal, and
median are as of both wings sometimes slightly paler ; the black band near base of
hindwing distinct. Underside like the d, but without any black marks in cell.
114. Paralcis ocellata spec. nov.
Forewing: whitish, tinged with olive-grey or olive-ochreous, thickly striated
with darker; the lines fine, blackish, rising from dark costal spots; first from
nearly one-third of costa oblique to near base of inner margin, angled below costa ;
outer line from two-thirds of costa to middle of inner margin, angled on vein 6, and
irregularly dentate; median line more obscure, mostly parallel to outer; cell-spot
white with greyish ochreous ring; the outer line is followed, as the inner is
preceded, by a diffuse shade starting also from a dark costal spot ; submarginal line
wavy, whitish, the lunules partially filled up with dark; the marginal area with
darker marks beyond cell, and interrupted by paler between veins 3 and 4; a fine
black marginal festoon ; fringe ochreous grey, with the base white between the veins,
darker beyond them.
Hindwing : witb a dark spot at base ; the rest as in forewing, the ocelloid cell-
spot placed on the edge of a darker shade and followed by a tawny streak towards
margin. Inthe d the whiter areas of the are all lost in the darker suffusion.
( 400 )
Underside whitish, tinged and striated with ochreous grey, without markings.
Head, thorax, and abdomen in ? whitish, in d greyer, spotted with dark grey ;
palpi externally, a bar across middle of face, and the basal segment of abdomen
darker ; tufts of ¢ abdomen ochreous.
Expanse of wings; 30 mm.
it regaled
115. Paralcis pallidistriga spec. nov.
Forewing: bright ochraceous, the ground-colour almost wholly obscured by
deep purplish grey suffusion ; the specklings and markings black ; costa marked
with close black striae and black spots at the origin of the lines ; a short black
mark close to base ; inner line at one-fourth, rectangularly bent on subcostal, then
vertical, twice curved, preceded by a similar but more diffuse shade; outer line
dentate and sinuate at three-fifths; median line strongly outcurved towards outer
line, and often united with it in a black blotch below middle, touching on the
outside a large velvety black cell-spot, the space beyond it fulvous or ochreous,
sometimes bright ochreous ; a broad oblique band of ground-colour from apex to
inner margin before anal angle, preceded on costa by a black blotch and followed
below by obscure black contiguous lunules edged by the submarginal wavy line,
which is sometimes ochraceous ; marginal black spots; fringe, like the marginal
area, purplish grey.
Hindwing : tinged with brownish or reddish ; of the three lines the first is
straight, distinct ; the median diffuse, slightly sinuous, touching a pale-centred
dark-edged cell-spot; the third marked by vein-spots; the rest as in forewing ;
inner margin and fringe ochreous.
Underside dull smoky grey, with faint indications of the paler and darker areas.
Head, thorax, and abdomen dark purplish grey, the abdomen becoming
cinereous beyond middle; legs and abdomen beneath like underside of wings.
Expanse of wings: 42 mm.
21 dd.
116. Paralcis umbrilinea spec. nov.
Forewing : olive-drab, darker speckled, in the ? with the underlying ground-
colour whitish; the lines black, oblique, the shades also oblique, dark fuscous; first
line from one-third of costa, projecting in cell, then obliquely curving inward to near
base of inner margin, preceded by a broad dark grey cloud ; outer line from two-
thirds of costa irregularly oblique to middle of inner margin, dentate-lunulate, both
teeth and lunules small; median line from a dark costal spot curved and obscure
below costa, becoming plainer below middle, where it is followed by a fuscous
shade; outer line followed by a broader, more developed dark shade, parallel with it,
and with dentate edges ; submarginal line pale, somewhat interrupted, preceded by
dark lunules between veins 4 and 6 and followed by an oblique dark streak above 6 ;
cell-spot indistinctly annular; a slight longitudinal streak of dark scales from
below it to the submarginal line; black marginal spots between veins united by a
fine black festooned line; fringe with a dark middle line.
Hindwing : similar, without basal line and shade ; submarginal line and shade
uninterrupted.
Underside of ¢ paler, with all the markings as above, but duller; of & quite
different : whitish with a faint olive tinge and speckled with dark; the lines fine
and threadlike, very faint; a large round black cell-spot in forewing and an oval
a =
( 401 )
one in hindwing; marginal area of forewing blackish towards apex, leaving the
apex itself white ; of hindwing smoky fuscous.
Head, thorax, and abdomen like wings; face and palpi marked with brown;
tips of shoulders and patagia fuscous ; a black ring at base of abdomen ; the dorsal
segments darker.
Expanse of wings: 48—52 mm.
494,22.
In one of the dd vein 6 of both forewings is symmetrically forked from
halfway to margin.
117. Poecilalcis nigriscripta spec. nov.
Forewing : snow-white ; lines and markings velvety black ; central fascia and
hindmargin tinged with chocolate-brown ; basal area formed of small blotches of
black scales, its edge projecting on submedian fold ; central fascia edged inwardly
by an outwardly curved black line from one-fourth of costa to one-third of inner
margin, outwardly by a sinuous black line from three-fifths of costa to three-fifths
of inner margin, sinuate inwards towards inner edge on submedian fold ; its centre
partially filled up with chocolate-brown, and with an obscure curved median shade ;
the central space is preceded and followed by a broad pure white band ; the outer one
is succeeded by a band of irregular black oblong blotches, joined to a black band
consisting of a dependent costal blotch, a round one beyond cell, and an erect blotch
from vein 3 to inner margin ; submarginal line white, broad towards costa, narrower
and wavy below ; marginal area chocolate-brown, with a black blotch above middle ;
a row of black marginal lunules between veins; fringe chequered black and white.
Hindwing: pure white, sparsely dark-speckled along costa and hindmargin,
with blackish cell-spot, traces of a cloudy submarginal line, containing a dark mark
beyond cell, and marginal black spots ; fringe pure white.
Underside white; forewing with costal spots and speckling black ; marginal
area tinged towards apex with chocolate ; cell-spot and outer line at costa marked
in black, the other markings showing through ; hindwing with cell-spots, marginal
spots, and speckling black.
Palpi white, externally black; face and vertex white ; antennae speckled black
and white ; shoulders, patagia, and thorax white, blotched with black ; abdomen
white ; legs black and white mottled ; pectus white ; forecoxae black at base.
Expanse of wings : 37 mm.
ie
Almost certainly a Poecilalcis.
118. Zygoctenia albisparsa Warr.
Of this species, described originally from Fergusson Island, a good series has
been sent from New Guinea. Zygoctenia singularis Swinh., Tr. E. S. 1902. p. 620,
also described from Fergusson Island, is a synonym.
Supramity SELIDOSEMINAE.
119. Casbia albinotata spec. noy. and ab. profusa nov.
Forewing : dark fawn-colour, covered with fine darker striae; costa dark
fuscous; three outwardly oblique parallel brownish cross-lines; the first at one-
fourth, the second before the middle, the third at two-thirds; the first quite straight,
( 402 ) ip:
the second, nearer first than third, slightly waved, the third sinuous; a small black
cell-spot. between second and third; submarginal line interrupted, represented by
a brown curve from subcostal before apex to hindmargin at end of vein 6, and by a
parallel curve below, across veins 4 and 3, slightly edged with white in the ?, and
more strongly in the type d, which also has a white apical streak ; in the other 3,
ab. profusa, the apical blotch is enlarged and the lower curve followed by a large
square white blotch reaching hindmargin, with smaller white spots above and
below it ; marginal black spots before fringe marked with white scales, especially
in the aberration; in both dd the lower edge of the dark costal streak is dusted
with white scales.
Hindwing : with two obscure curved lines, antemedian and median; the cell-
spot white ; submarginal marked along the curves by spots of white scales, in the
aberration by a square white blotch as well, as in forewing.
Underside pale flesb-colour, the margins with a narrow dark grey shade and
distinct black triangular marginal spots; costa and apex of forewing black-
speckled ; the cell-spot black.
Palpi ochreous ; face black-brown ; vertex greyer, as is the face in ? ; thorax
and abdomen like wings; the shoulders darker in front; anal segments of d pale
ochreous.
Expanse of wings: 28 mm.
266,12.
Very much like Casbia rectaria Wik. from Australia, but certainly distinct ; the
fovea in forewing is not immediately below the cell, as Mr. Meyrick describes it in
rectaria, but below the submedian vein, which is upbent round it, and I can see no
fovea in the hindwing ; the face is smoothly sealed; vein 11 free, not anastomosing
with 12.
120. Oenoptila flavirupta spec. nov.
Forewing : dull brown-red, black-speckled ; costa narrowly pale in basal half;
an irregular deep yellow patch beyond middle stretching from above vein 4 to below
vein 2, containing brown-red striae and crossed by the lunulations of the outer line ;
the lines marked by vein-dots; the first at one-fourth, the dots with pale ends
basewards ; the outer at two-thirds, the pale ends outwards ; across the yellow
patch these white dashes are prolonged ; cell-spot black ; fringe concolorous.
Hindwing : without first line ; the yellow patch small, at the base of veins 3
and 4, hardly reaching the spots of the outer line. :
Underside deep yellow with dull brown-red margins, speckled and in forewing
suffused with the same colour ; cell-spots black.
Face and palpi deep brown; thorax and abdomen like wings; fillet and
basal third of antennae white ; underside of abdomen and legs yellow-ochreous ;
forelegs brown.
Expanse of wings: 42 mm.
1?
As in vulpina Warr. from the Solomon Islands, vein 11 anastomoses with 12
and 10 with 11 and 8, 9, and the species must be referred to the South American
genus Oenoptila. The apex of forewing is subfalcate.
Taxilepis gen. noy.
Forewing: elongate ; costa curved throughout ; apex rectangular ; hindmargin
vertical to vein 5, protuberant from 5 to 3, then obliquely concave to vein 1.
——e
( 403 )
Hindwing : hindmargin rounded, with an indentation beyond cell.
Abdomen of 3 with anal tuft and a pair of lateral tufts beneath on penultimate
segment ; metathorax tufted ? antennae simple, lamellate ; forehead protuberant ;
palpi rough-scaled, erect. in front of face, the second segment long, the third short,
pointed, thrown forward ; tongue and frenulum present; hindtibiae swollen, with
a pencil of hairs and four spurs ; no fovea in forewing.
Neuration : forewing, cell quite half of wing; discocellular vertically concave ;
first median from before middle, second shortly before third ; radials normal ;
7,8, 9 stalked from well before end of cell; 10 and 11 long-stalked : hindwing
with costal and subcostal approximated for one-half of cell ; 7 well before end of
cell; medians as in forewing ; no radial.
Wing-scales arranged throughout in long level lines ; scales of the body broad
and coarse. .
Type: Tasxilepis regularis spec. nov.
121. Taxilepis regularis spec. nov.
Forewing : pinkish ochreous, closely and regularly striated with fascous ; all
the veins pale; the lines indicated by paler, unstriated bands of ground-colour ;
the basal and marginal areas darker than the median ; basal area edged by two or
three dark spots followed by paler striae forming a slight curve at one-third ; outer
line beyond two-thirds, the paler ground-colour projecting as teeth on the veins
into the dark marginal area; a dark transverse cell-spot ; margin slightly darker
before the fringe, which is pinkish ochreous at base, pinkish fuscous beyond, with
dark marks beyond veins.
Hindwing : similar, but the lines less distinct.
Underside white, suffused throughout with pink, with darker speckling ; outer
line dark, crenulate, with paler edge ; cell-spots and marginal spots black ; hind-
wing at base white, with the cell-spot and a broad antemedian band across wing
of coarse black scales.
Palpi, face, vertex, and shoulders cream-colour, with a few dark scales inter-
mixed ; the palpi externally fuscous ; patagia fuscous ; abdomen pinkish ochreous,
with brown speckling ; traces of a red metathoracic tuft ; antennae yellowish, with
white basal segment.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
Il he
A species and genus without any near allies.
Tolmera gen. nov.
Forewing : narrow, elongate ; costa nearly straight, convex before the rounded
apex ; hindmargin oblique, slightly curved.
Hindwing : narrow, both angles and hindmargin rounded ; the anal angle
hardly marked.
Antennae of ¢ bipectinate, apical fifth simple, the pectinations diminishing
gradually ; forehead prominent; palpi large, obliquely porrect upwards, rough-
haired, the basal segment distinct with pointed tip below, second segment rounded,
third smooth, shortly spatulate; tongue and frenulam’ well developed ; hindtibia
swollen, with a large pencil of hairs and four spurs; abdomen of d elongate ;
metathorax with a bifid tuft; forewing with large round bladdery fovea above
submedian vein.
( 404 )
Neuration : forewing, cell longer than half of wing ; discocellular vertically
bi-concave ; first median just beyond one-half, second close before third; radials
normal; 7, 8, 9 stalked from a little before end of cell; 10,11 free ; hindwing,
costal and subcostal approximated for one-half of cell; veins 3 and 7 from before
ends of cell.
Type: Yolmera albibasalis spec. nov.
The genus is related to Scionomia and Arctoscelia ; in the large round fovea it
agrees with the former, but is separated from both by the pectinated antennae of
the ¢.
122. Tolmera albibasalis spec. nov.
Forewing : yellowish ochreous, speckled and suffused with fuscous, sometimes
so thickly that only the veins and cross-markings remain pale; costa with pale
striae ; the two cross-lines white ; first at one-fourth, outeurved, and bent on sub-
median fold, passing just outside the fovea ; outer line sinuous, from two-thirds of
costa to three-fourths of inner margin, strongly incurved on submedian fold towards
first line ; this is followed shortly by a parallel, less distinct, ochreous yellowish
line before a broad fuscous fascia formed of contiguous oblong blotches edged
outwardly by an irregularly Iunulate pale submarginal line; all the veins yellowish;
vein 6 broadly so across the fuscous fascia, joining a pale oblique apical blotch,
below which the marginal area is darker; cell-spot large, blackish, round; marginal
spots large, black, triangular ; fringe yellowish, mottled with darker beyond the
veins ; at base of wing below the costa is a crescentic silvery white spot running
into the cell.
Hindwing: shining ochreous, mottled and tinged with grey; a dark curved
postmedian line edged with paler; hindmargin darker, with traces of a waved
submarginal line ; cell-spot dull grey ; fringe ochreous grey, mottled with fuscous.
Underside ochreous, thickly and coarsely mottled with dark fuscons; the
cell-spots, outer lines, and submarginal shades blackish fuscous.
Head, antennae, and thorax yellowish ochreous, mixed and mottled with olive-
fascous, the patagia and metathoracic tuft darker; abdomen ochreous, unspotted ;
abdomen beneath and legs thickly and coarsely spotted with fuscous.
Expanse of wings : 42 mm.
43d.
123. Trochistis carnecostata spec. nov.
Forewing: pale fawn-colour, slightly pinkish-tinged, with very fine and
sparse black atoms; costa in the ¢ broadly flesh-colour; in the ? simply the costal
edge, and not always that, is flesh-colour; three slightly darker, outwardly sloping,
cross-lines, more or less parallel to one another; the first at one-fourth, the second
median touching the black cell-spot, the third at two-thirds; this is followed by
two superimposed spots on veins 3 and 4, yellow with red edges (in two of the 2 9
these are almost wholly black), and obliquely above them on vein 6 a slight dark
mark ; marginal spot small, black ; fringe concolorous.
Hindwing : with two lines only, both curved and parallel ; cell-spot black
between them.
Underside cream-colour, black-speckled, and with black marginal spots; costa
of 3 ochreous flesh-colour,
Head, antennae, and collar brown; in the % the collar is paler; thorax and
( 405 )
abdomen like wings; shoulders paler pink; anal segment of ¢ abdomen ochreous ;
pectus and femora slightly woolly.
Expanse of wings: 6, 37 mm.; ?, 35 mm.
266,38 79.
The forewing of the ¢ is narrower than that of the ¢.
124. Trochistis fulviplaga spec. nov.
Forewing: brownish grey, with a slight reddish tinge and finely speckled with
black ; the costa pale grey, black-speckled, without any brown or reddish tinge ; the
inner and outer lines dark fuscous ; the first close to base from one-sixth of costa to
one-fourth of inner margin, bent on subcostal vein, then straight ; outer from two-
thirds of costa, below which it is inbent, straight and oblique to close before anal
angle ; median shade brown, sometimes bent in middle, generally nearer inner than
outer line, followed by a narrow oval white cell-spot ; outer line followed by two
irregular fulvous orange patches one on each side of the median vein, sometimes
bright and clear and edged with dark scales, sometimes indistinct and coalescent ;
often a similarly coloured patch on inner margin at base before first line; small black
marginal dots ; fringe rufous grey.
Hindwing : with only two lines, indistinct, and both irregularly waved ; cell-
spot white ; fulvous patches as in forewings sometimes extended to anal angle.
Underside whitish ochreous, grey-speckled, with grey outer borders ; outer line
and costa of forewing also grey ; marginal spots black.
Face brown ; palpi, vertex, and antennae fuscous: thorax and abdomen rufous
grey, like wings ; anal segment whitish ochreous, blotched with dark grey.
Expanse of wings: 6,35 mm.; 2, 30 mm.
1296d,7 22.
The ? $ are rather paler than the gd; the fulvous patches are sometimes very
obscure; in one of the best preserved $d the white cell-mark of forewing is
represented by a black line.
125. Trochistis scardamiata Warr.
Of this species, described by me as a Casbia (Nov. Zoou. v. p. 431), I have
hitherto seen only ? $, the type specimen from Kei Island, and another from Milne
Bay, New Guinea. 5 3d and 4 2 2 are now in the Tring Museum from the Upper
Aroa River, British New Guinea, taken between January and April 1903, by
A.S. Meek. The 3d are on the average slightly larger than the ??, with the
markings somewhat more distinct, the main difference being in the discal spot of
forewing, which is’ large and silvery white, with a small black dot on its lower
edge; in the hindwing it remains as in the ?,a small black dot in a silvery ring.
The purplish marginal fascia of the underside is usually much less developed than
inthe ?. Farther, on the submedian fold of forewing near base there appears a
small pale metallic dot, which is not visible in the ? ?.
Scardamia fasciata Warr., Nov. Zoou. iii. p. 296, described from Fergusson
Island, and which also occurs in New Guinea, must be transferred to Trochistes.
Susramity SEMIOTHISINAE.
Euippe inferna spec. nov.
Forewing: dull greyish slate-colour, striated with darker; the lines slightly
darker, but obscure; the first, near base, marked only by spots on veins ; the outer,
( 406 )
dentate-lunulate, from two-thirds of costa to three-fifths of inner margin, the tooth
on vein 6 blacker and more sharply defined than the rest; submarginal line pale,
wavy ; slight traces of a median line ; all the lines marked by black dashes on costa,
which is spotted with pale ochreous ; fringe whitish, mottled with grey beyond veins ;
cell-spot invisible.
Hindwing : like forewing, but without basal line ; a distinct blackish cell-
spot near base, preceding antemedian line.
Underside black, the basal half of hindwing purplish grey ; the dark lines and
cell-spot distinct on hindwing, just traceable on forewing; submarginal line
marked with white below costa of forewing and towards costa and at middle of
hindwing ; fringe white.
Vertex, thorax, and abdomen like wings, the underside and legs also grey;
face and palpi black.
Expanse of wings: 35 mm.
236.
127. Hypephyra plenimargo spec. nov.
Forewing: pinkish ochreous in central field, the basal and marginal thirds
covered with dark purple and olive fuscous scales, the lighter middle third with
fuscous striae ; the whole dark and light alike lustrous and scintillating ; the edges
of the dark portions are ragged and undefined, but near the inner edge of the
marginal border can be traced a broad olive-brown line; costal edge with yellow
spots in the dark portions, and dark in the light ; cell-spot crescentic, deep yellow;
fringe dark, beyond black marginal spots.
Hindwing: ochreous, clouded with smoky grey and with darker striae in basal
half ; the marginal half as in forewing, but without any distinct limiting shade ;
extreme base blackish ; extreme hindmargin slightly paler; the whole spangled
with lustrous scales.
Underside deep yellow to beyond middle ; marginal area smoky black, the
apex of forewing and hindmargin of hindwing slightly yellow ; forewing below
median vein with a cloud of grey striae from base to near middle; a dark spot
on submedian vein and costa of hindwing just before middle.
Face and palpi black ; collar grey-brown; thorax purplish black; abdomen
cinereous: all with lustrous scales.
Expanse of wings: 42 mm.
18.3
128. Petrodava gibbosa spec. noy. and ab. rubra noy. and ab. intensa nov.
3. Forewing: pale olive, speckled with black, the lines and shades olive-
rufous ; first line at one-fourth, angled in cell, and again on vein 1; median line
from beyond middle, angled on vein 6, then waved, to middle of inner margin;
both these lines preceded by a shade of varying size and intensity ; cell-spot small,
blackish; outer line from three-fourths, bent above 6, to three-fourths of inner
margin, slightly wavy, followed by a shade dentate outwardly, the teeth sometimes
black-marked ; fringe rufous, with pale tips.
Hindwing : without first line ; the antemedian sinuous before the conspicuous
black cell-spot ; the postmedian curyed, followed by a dentate-edged shade.
4
:
7
( 407 )
This is the palest and simplest form; a second, ab. rvdra, is wholly rufous
instead of olive : in both there is sometimes a black blotch from costa to vein 6 in
the postmedian shade of hindwing. Each of these paler forms is liable to intensifi-
cation by the lines and shades darkening to deep fuscous or blackish, ab. *ntensa.
Underside of pale form yellow, tinged with reddish fulvous, and with the lines
red ; of the dark form intensified by various shades of rich brown, red, and yellow.
The ? is always darker and more strongly marked than the 3.
Head, thorax, and abdomen in the pale form pale olive-ochreous, but varying
according to the coloration of the wings; sides of shoulders, base of costa, palpi,
and pectus always bright red.
Expanse of wings : 40—44 mm.
al idid, 9 29,
Forewing with apex produced, subfalcate; hindmargin strongly bowed at
middle, especially in the ?, where the apex is more produced and the hindmargin
more deeply sinuate beneath; hindwing truncate at apex; hindmargin produced
at vein 7, and crenulate, slightly in d, deeply in $; costal and subcostal veins
of hindwing swollen at base into a kind of fovea; cell of hindwing half the
length of wing.
Supramity HKNNOMINAE.
Antarchia gen. nov.
Forewing: elongate ; costa curved throughout; apex slightly produced ;
hindmargin sinuate.
Hindwing : triangular; anal angle rectangular; apex rounded ; hindmargin
nearly straight.
Antennae simple, lamellate ; palpi upeurved, second segment thick, rough-
haired, third short, pointed, deflexed. Tongue and frenulum present.
Neuration : forewing, cell one-third of wing ; discocellular vertically concave ;
first median at two-thirds, second and third from end of cell; radials normal ;
7, 8, 9 stalked from close before end, 10 just before them; 11 out of 12, 10 an-
astomosing shortly with 11: hindwing, costal shortly approximated to subcostal,
veins 3 and 7 just before angles of cell; no radial; all the veins straight. Scaling
fine and close.
Type: Antarchia subrubescens spec. nov.
129. Antarchia subrubescens spec. nov.
Forewing): straw-colour, with a faint flesh-coloured tint along inner margin
and a flesh-coloured submarginal shade distinct only towards anal angle; fringe
flesh-colour.
Hindwing: with the submarginal band complete and distinct throughout ;
a slight flesh-coloured tinge towards hindmargin ; fringe deeper.
Underside flushed with pale rosy; costa and apical area of forewing with
sparse brown dots.
Palpi below red; apex of second segment and the third blackish ; face
black ; vertex and antennae brown ; thorax and abdomen like wings, abdomen pink
tinged towards anal segments ; pectus and forefemora dull rosy ; (legs broken).
Expanse of wings : 48 mm.
ise
( 408 )
130. Capasa bifurcata spec. nov.
Forewing : deep purple, with two brown lines becoming blackish on costa, as
in incensata W1k., but the outer line different; first line from near middle of costa,
below which it is curved, to before middle of inner margin; the second from
three-fourths of costa, at first ronning outwards, but bent and oblique to inner
margin much sooner than in izcensata, in which the outer line points direct to the
apex, while here it is much more nearly parallel to hindmargin ; the lines are wider
apart on inner margin, and the green interval therefore broader ; this green colour
runs up along first line to middle of cell, ending in a sinuate tongue, the outer edge
ending on vein 2; before the first line the cell is dull fulvous and the costa above it
purplish.
Hindwing : with the central green band broad and sinnons, the costal and
inner margin from it to base bright yellow.
Underside as in 2 of incensata, but the purplish grey marginal border of
forewing is uninterrupted ; while in the hindwing it is restricted to a small blotch
at apex and streak at anal angle.
Palpi, abdomen beneath, and all legs orange; face, thorax, and dorsum deep
purple ; vertex, collar, and antennae grey.
Expanse of wings: 39 mm.
il 5
This 2 came witha long series of the ordinary ‘ncensata ; in size it corresponds
with the 3d of that species, the ? $ being in all cases larger ; the six examples
of 2 incensata were all more or less worn, whereas the present specimen is quite
fresh. Whether rightly a distinct species or an abnormal development of ‘ncensata
must be left to future determination.
131. Gonophaga straminea spec. nov. and ab. abrupta nov. and brunneata nov.
Forewing: straw-colour, either quite pale, or washed with fulvous brown, and
more or less speckled with fulvous ; first line from one-third of costa, right-angled
on the subcostal vein, vertical to submedian, then oblique inwards, marked by
dark vein-spots, and often preceded by a brown shade ; cell-spot annular; a
slightly outcurved median shade below the cell-spot, rarely visible above it; an
outer sinuous shade from two-thirds of costa, its lower half generally obscured,
but, where visible, parallel to median shade ; from three-fourths of costa a brown
line obliquely curved outwards to vein 6, there sharply angled and oblique inwards
to before middle of inner margin, becoming irregularly double below the angle,
and widening, often ending in an oblong black-brown blotch, and crossing the
lower parts of the median and outer lines; submarginal line waved, generally
indistinct, but mostly ending at anal angle in an upright blackish blotch ; marginal
area always paler at the middle; a row of black spots between the veins before
the margin.
Hindwing : with a brown straight basal line and another antemedian, passing
inside the discal annulus, which is sometimes prominent ; a dentate-lunulate curyed
postmedian line, and a brown pale-edged submarginal line running straight from
anal angle to margin between veins 4 and 6, there bent to the end of vein 8, and
generally interrupted into spots.
Underside pale straw-colour in basal half, heavily and coarsely speckled with
brown ; outer half grey-brown, with a bluish grey apical blotch, preceded by a pale
( 409 )
fulvous patch ; the lines very variable in intensity ; the cell-spots always distinct,
ringed with brown-black.
Head, thorax, and abdomen straw-colour, speckled with brown ; the shoulders
always more or less brownish.
In some instances the marginal space beyond the oblique line of forewing,
except at middle of hindmargin, and the space between basal and antemedian lines
of hindwing, are overlaid with grey-brown or black-brown, and the middle segments
of the abdomen are banded with the same colour; this form, ab. abrupta, occurs in
both:sexes ; in the other form of the ?, ab. drunneata, the whole of both wings is
suffused with fulyous brown, the oblique line is very obscure, being represented only
by dark spots on the veins, and the marginal area beyond the outer sinuous line is
dark brown ; in these cases, as in most of the 9%, the submarginal line is more
plainly marked.
Expanse of wings : 50 mm.
Hed, IL 39.
This and the following species differ from G. albipuncta and subpulchra Warr.
in having the submarginal line of hindwing bent at the margin above vein 4,
whereas in those species the same line runs straight from above anal angle to the end
of vein 8. The od of the present species are, moreover, structurally differentiated
by the possession of a prominent lobe at the base of the inner margin of hindwing
beyond a double semidiaphanous furrow.
In markings, coloration, and contrast between the sexes in the ordinary form
they bear a great resemblance to Anisographe dissimilis Warr., from which the
outline of the hindwing will at once separate them.
132. Gonophaga subgriseata spec. nov.
Forewing : greyish fawn-colour, speckled with blackish ; the costa with fine
and short black striae ; a dark spot at base of cell ; first line strongly curved from
one-fifth of costa to near base of inner margin, marked by black spots on veins and
on the two folds ; outer line from quite four-fifths of costa, oblique outwards but
very indistinct to vein 7, there bluntly angled, and sinuous inwards to before middle
of inner margin, red-brown and double, the outer arm subdentate on veins, and
followed by a grey parallel shade which is broadened to margin above vein 4 ;
submarginal line much interrupted, represented by blackish wedge-shaped marks,
plainest beyond cell and at submedian fold ; some black dots along margin between
the veins ; cell-spot white, ringed with brown.
Hindwing : with a thick straight red-brown antemedian line, finely and semi-
circularly curved inwards round the black-ringed white cell-spot ; a postmedian
nearly straight, crenulated line followed by a grey shade; a thick brown sub-
marginal double line with paler centre from anal angle to hindmargin above vein 4,
where there is a white spot in it, there bent and interrupted to apex at vein 8, the
dark inner arm running straight to the tooth at vein 7.
Underside of both wings white, heavily speckled and striated with black to
beyond middle, with a white dark-ringed cell-spot and thick red-brown median line
not reaching either margin ; marginal area with a greyish fawn submarginal band
preceded by a curved series of dark brown vein-spots and externally edged with
darker ; the extreme margin, as well as apex and costal area, dove-grey.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale grey ; base of shoulders darker ; a pair of
dark spots on second dorsal segment ; legs pale grey, speckled with fuscous.
( 410 )
Expanse of wings : 52 mm.
i 2
Distinguished from all the other species by the antennae of the ? being shortly
bipectinate, the pectinations with an apical bristle.
133. Gonophaga subpulchra Warr., Nov. Zoot. iv. p. 400.
The type, described from Mackay, Queensland, was a ?, and till lately I had
only seen one other example of the species, a d from Sudest Island. Now, in the
collection from the Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea, made by A. 8. Meek,
there come 6 22 and1 ¢. The do differs from the ? on the underside in having
the whole outer area fawn-colour instead of dark brown, and in wanting the large
white apical patch. Of the 2° three are typical, the other three represent two
distinct forms of aberration.
ab. innotata nov.
This form is without markings except the submarginal line of hindwing ; the
other lines being replaced by obscure dots on veins.
es
ab. nigromaculata nov.
This form develops a large velvety black blotch on inner margin of forewing
at the base of the outer line.
2 2%, one of which combines the characteristics of the two aberrations.
In the ¢ original description the upper half of hindmargin of forewing is said
to be subcrenulate: it should be noted that the crenulation is very slight and
confined to the end of vein 6. The antennae of the ¢ are shortly and evenly
pectinated, with simple apex.
134. Heterodisca ignea spec. nov.
Forewing: fiery coppery, with blackish striae; the lines exactly as in
H. scardamiata, the first from one-fourth of costa to before middle of inner margin,
the outer from five-sixths of costa to beyond middle of inner margin ; but, instead
of the lustrous line, marked by black and white dashes on the veins, the white ends
pointing inwards in the first and outwards in the second line ; cell-spot dark with a
few pale scales inside ; no continuous marginal line, but slight marks of black
white-dusted scales between the veins: fringe concolorous, with conspicuous white
chequering beyond veins.
Hindwing : similar ; the line central, marked with dashes only.
Underside smoky ochreous, washed with brown and freckled with grey ; the
lines showing through ; the curved lines of dark spots, which are obscure above,
here marked in black ; a streak of whitish scales to apex above vein 7 and the base
of fringes white-scaled ; the white chequering more distinct.
Head, thorax, base of abdomen, pectus, and forefemora fiery red; rest of
abdomen violet with paler segmental rings; hindlegs drab ; fore- and midtibiae
and tarsi dark fuscous.
Expanse of wings : 40 mm.
1dr.
oP de reek
( 411 )
135. Heteromiza robusta spec. nov.
3. Forewing: deep brick-red, slightly glossy, thickly speckled with dark
atoms; the costa pale to middle; first line at one-fourth, indistinct, bent on
subcostal, marked by small black and white dots on veins ; outer line oblique from
close before apex to three-fifths of inner margin, very deep red, outwardly edged
with lustrous white ; submarginal line dull lustrous, zigzag ; fringe glossy pink ;
cell-spot black.
Hindwing : similar, without basal line, the oblique line central. In both wings
the space preceding the oblique line is deeper red than the outer.
Underside uniform deep red; forewing with dark oblique line and a faint
lustrous marginal shade ; hindwing with the latter only; both wings with black
cell-spots.
Face, palpi,.and shoulders dull crimson ; thorax and abdomen brown-red ;
anal segments paler, somewhat glossy ; pectus, legs, and abdomen beneath crimson.
? with the red duller and browner ; towards the costa and beyond the oblique
line mixed with whitish and much more glossy. Underside of forewing with both
lines marked, the oblique line narrowly double and the apex grey-black ; hindwing
with the line shown, and a curved crenulate line beyond it. Thorax and abdomen
glossy pinkish grey.
Expanse of wings : 35 mm.
lip Kes
136. Therapis pallidilinea spec. nov.
Forewing : pale olive-grey, with slight dark dusting ; the base of wing tinged
with pinky brown ; basal and median lines starting from costa as brown outwardly
oblique streaks ; the first from one-fourth of costa to one-fourth of inner margin,
bent in cell and continued to inner margin as a whitish line, marked on the outside
by blackish dots on the veins ; median line very indistinct below the bend ; outer
line from three-fourths of costa to just beyond middle of inner margin, whitish, with
dark dots on veins internally, bent below costa and above inner margin ; marginal
area beyond it and below vein 6 suffused with pinkish fulvous, or, in one instance,
with dark brown and fuscons scales ; submarginal line indicated below costa by two
or three white lunules, preceded by fulvous blotches, indistinct below vein 6;
fringe dark.
Hindwing: violet-grey, with a pink tinge; a dark straight antemedian line,
continuing the median of forewing; a crenulate, paler edged, dark grey postmedian
line ; fringe dark brown; inner margin paler, with dark speckles and the lines
dark.
Underside of forewing duller ; the oblique outer line showing through only,
but with a curved dark outer line parallel to the median, of which traces are
apparent in the lower half of upperside ; hindwing doye-grey, whiter towards
inner margin and base, in one instance yellowish, speckled with brown, with the
antemedian line to vein 6, the cell-spot, the postmedian line, and a shade beyond
it, and a macular sabmarginal shade, all reddish, brown.
Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-grey ; the tops of shoulders, vertex of head,
and face tinged with yellowish.
Expanse of wings : 39—42 mm.
344.
( 412 )
Agrees in neuration with the type-species Therapis evonymaria Schiff. in
wanting vein 10 of the forewing.
Along with the above 3 ? % came a fourth, much smaller (30 mm. only) and
very different in appearance, which at first sight seemed distinct, but which I
prefer to describe as
ab. notata nov.
Forewing: pale bluish grey ; the basal and median lines both distinct, brown
and wavy ; no distinct pale outer line, but its course can be traced, much more
strongly sinuous than in the type-forms, by the series of brown vein-spots along its
inner edge; before the white submarginal lunules is a thick chocolate-brown
oblique streak from costa to vein 6, and the whole outer margin below it is filled
with a roundish diffuse chocolate-brown patch ; two marginal chocolate-brown
lunules before the fringe in the subapical excision.
Hindwing : bluish grey, with the two lines somewhat obscure, the postmedian
much nearer the hindmargin than in the typical form.
Underside of forewing dull, with only the costal and marginal areas blue-grey,
and the three white subapical lunules distinct: hindwing blue-grey throughout,
with all the usual markings chocolate-brown ; some chocolate-brown marks on the
middle segments of abdomen above.
Susramity PROSOPOLOPHINAE.
Anosiodes gen. noy.
Forewing: costa convex at base and before apex, faintly inflexed between ;
apex rounded ; hindmargin nearly straight and vertical.
Hindwing : with both augles rounded ; the hindmargin only slightly curved.
Antennae (?) simple; palpi with second segment rough-haired, obliquely
porrect upwards in front of face, third as long as second, smooth and slender, bent
at an angle; tongue and frenulum present.
Neuration: forewing, cell half as long as wing; discocellular, vertical, faintly
inangulated ; first median nervule at two-thirds, second shortly before third ; radials
normal ; 10, 7, 8, 9 stalked from before angle of cell, 11 from cell, anastomosing
strongly with 12, 10 with 11, and again with 8,9: hindwing, costal and subcostal
approximated for one-half of cell, both swollen at base; 7 before end of cell;
medians as in forewing ; no radial.
Type: Anosiodes hybrida spec. noy.
137. Anosiodes hybrida spec. nov.
Forewing: pale green, with purplish fuscous markings; those before the
middle oblique outwards, those beyond oblique inwards; an oblique straggling
streak from base of costa along submedian vein ; a black streak along inner margin
beneath submedian ; a black sinuous lunulate line from near base retracted to one-
third of inner margin ; a broad bayd from costa before one-third to middle of inner
margin, interrupted, except along its inner edge, below vein 2; beyond middle a
broader band, narrowed and sinuous below median, linearly uniting with the inner
edge of the preceding band on vein 2 and joining outer edge of the blotch on inner
margin ; the inwardly oblique pale band following is edged externally by a strongly
( 413 )
zigzag line, internally solid ; sabmarginal line slightly sinuous, interrupted between
3 and 4, preceded and followed by dark shades, the hindmargin becoming irregularly
green ; fringe dark.
Hindwing: blackish, with six irregular fulvous yellow blotches, three on
veins 6 and 7, the first at their origin, the third marginal, the second half-way
between ; the other three similarly placed on veins 2, 3, and 4, the marginal one
long and narrow.
Underside blackish ; forewing with a yellowish V-shaped mark af middle of
costa, some yellow marks along hindmargin, and a Q-shaped yellow mark at apex,
with black centre; hindwing as above.
Palpi beneath yellow, apex of second segment and the third dark; face
yellow ; vertex fuscous ; collar greenish; shoulders purplish in middle, edged with
greenish ; patagia greenish in middle, edged with purplish; thorax green ; abdomen
cinereous ; legs fuscous, mottled with yellowish.
Expanse of wings : 39 mm.
Ss
A species without apparent affinities, strongly suggestive of the Noctuidae.
Phrudophleps gen. now
Forewing : costa strongly curved at base, slightly at apex ; hindmargin deeply
crenulate, somewhat prominent at vein 4, more oblique below ; inner margin fringed
with broad-tipped hairs in basal half.
Hindwing: with rounded apex and hindmargin, the latter insinuate before
anal angle, which is shortly squared.
Forehead rough-haired, with projecting tuft ; palpi with second segment rough-
haired, obliquely upturned before face, terminal segment, long, smooth-scaled,
porrect ; antennae (?) thick, lamellate; metathorax tufted ; tongue and frenulum
present.
Neuration : forewing, cell half the length of wing; discocellular vertically
concaye ; first median nervule just beyond one-half, second close before third ; lower
radial absent, scarcely even represented by a fold, upper radial from upper end of
cell; 7, 8,9 stalked from before end; 10 and 11 long-stalked : hindwing, costal
and subcostal shortly approximated near base, 6, 7 long-stalked ; discocellular and
medians as in forewing ; no radial.
Type : Phrudophleps viridis spec. nov.
138. Phrudophleps viridis spec. nov.
Forewing : white, covered with bright green confluent striae which mostly
obliterate the ground-colour; costa with short dark green specks; central fascia
with the edges dentate-lunulate, darker, being mixed with blackish green, the
lunules externally filled in with white; inner edge at one-fourth, marked by a white
costal spot, one between median and submedian veins, and a smaller one below ;
outer edge at two-thirds, sinuate inwards below middle; a large white spot on
costa, beyond cell, and in submedian interval, with smaller dots between ; marginal
area darkened at middle by a deep green shade, containing two white submarginal
lunules below costa, above and below vein 7, and two marginal lunules above and
below vein 3; dark green marginal lunules between veins; fringe pale green,
chequered with dark green beyond veins; tips of the hair-scales of fringe along
inuer margin dark green; cell-spot large and white.
29
( 414 )
Hindwing : whitish, washed with green; a broad light and dark green shade
along hindmargin, the fringe being pale green; inner margin with a yellowish green
tinge.
Underside whitish, green-tinged, with the markings showing through; mar-
ginal area greener, blackish green towards apex of forewing; hindwing more
plainly mottled with green, and with a large blackish cell-spot and dark marginal
spots preceded by whitish ones.
Head and thorax green, speckled with pale; terminal segment of palpi
dark green; abdomen above ochreous, covered with olive-green scales, below deep
green; all the legs green, pale-spotted; fore- and midtibiae and tarsi dark fuscous ;
antennae fuscons.
Expanse of wings: 26 mm.
ae
This is another species standing quite by itself.
PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF A NEW GENUS AND
SPECIES OF KANGAROO.
BY THE HON. W. ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D.
Dendrodorcopsis gen. nov.
This genus is closely allied to both Dorcopsis and Dendrolagus, and in many
respects stands intermediate. It differs from both in its much more hairy rhinariam
and very short claw to middle toe of hind-foot, which is concealed by the hair of the
foot above and only exceeds the pad of the toe in length by 6 millimeters. The
naked pad of hind-foot large, strongly rugose and extending up the back of hind-
legs as in Dendrolagus. Hind-leg much longer than fore-leg, as in Dorcopsis.
Tail considerably shorter than body, covered with short, flat, and straight hair as in
Macropus. Mr. Oldfield Thomas has examined the skull of this curious new
kangaroo, and finds that its essential generic characters (especially the absence of
canine teeth) do not differ from those of true Macropus. This makes the genus
much more interesting, as the external generic characters show almost conclusively
that it is arboreal as well as rock-haunting in its habits, which facts would account
for its modified outward resemblance to the Philanders and Tree-kangaroos, while
it nevertheless retains the essential macropine cranial characters.
Dendrodorcopsis woodwardi spec. nov.
Size larger than Dendrolagus bennetti, ears long and very hairy. Colour
above and below sooty brownish black, fore-lezs and lower half of hind-limbs and
tail deep black. Total length 1530 mm. Tail 700 mm ; head and body 830 mm. ;
hind-foot 250 mm. ; ear 80 mm.
Hab. Granite Ranges, Head of South Alligator River (Type No. 170—1046,
17, v. 1903).
Collected by J. T. Tunney.
( 415 >
NEW ORIENTAL ANTHRIBIDAE.
By DR, K, JORDAN.
1. Mecotropis spilosa spec. nov.
d. Eye sinuate, frons suleate. Structurally the same as marmoreus (1894)
Jord., but conspicuously different in colour. Black and clayish grey above, the two
colours strongly contrasting, forming sharply marked confluent spots, the black
colour prevalent ; head and rostrum with a broad mesial vitta, divided behind by
a black elongate mesial spot. Pronotum, inside the space encircled by the carina,
with twelve spots, three mesial ones merged together to a forked spot, the lateral
ones irregularly angulate, the mesial one situated in front of the carina elongate-
triangular. Underside bluish grey and black, the colours as sharply contrasting as
above ; abdominal segments 1 to 4 spotted with black and grey, the grey spots
merged together at the apices of the segments and the black ones at the bases.
Hab. Palawan, Jannary 1898 (W. Doherty).
One ¢.
The insect reminds one of coelestis (1898) Jord., and pantherinus (1857) Thoms.,
bat differs from both in the structure of the rostrum and the shape of the eye.
2. Mecotropis crassicollis spec. nov.
3. Black ; body covered with a dense ochraceous clay tomentum, chequered
with black (or brown) and grey ; tips of antennal segments 3 to 8, bases of tarsal
ones and underside of tibiae white.
Rostrum half as long again as apically broad, deeply sulcate in middle, the
sulcus being prolonged to occiput ; two grooves before eye and a third one starting
from lower edge of eye ; the carina bordering the upper groove continued to apex
of rostrum. Hye entire. Prothorax wider than in all the other species, obviously
rounded-dilated ; notam with broad mesial depression from near apical edge to
base, the depression divided by a mesial elevation, which reaches neither apex
nor carina; the carina strongly rounded laterally. Elytra short, depressed along
the suture ; the interspaces of the stripes of punctures slightly convex. Transverse
eroove in front of forecoxae deep, widest in middle. Intercoxal process of meso-
sternum rounded, about as broad as long. Anal sternite bidentate.
Length, 16 mm.*; elytra, 104 mm.; breadth, 6 mm.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra, one ¢ (type); another d from Pontianak, Borneo.
In the structure of the rostrum it agrees best with coelestis (1898) Jord.
3. Sintor dicyrtus spec. nov.
?. Black, entirely clothed with a slaty pubescence ; club of antenna and on
each elytram a large basal tubercle and three small postmedian spots (one dorsal
and two sublateral, these last minute) black, a subapical patch on each elytram and
two series of lateral dots on the abdomen brown, but very indistinct. Rostram
rugosely punctured, less than twice as long as broad, dorsally with a prominent
mesial carina which terminates on occiput and does not quite reach the apical
* Head and rostrum is in all cases excluded,
( 416 )
margin, and with an indication of a raised line laterally; ventrally with three
carinae, which converge behind. Prothorax shorter than in dicallosus, densely
punctured ; carina evenly and slightly concave above. Elytra similar to those of
bicallosus, but shorter, less depressed behind and less narrowing apicad, the
basal tubercle larger and the humeral prominence more acute, the punctured
stripes less deep.
Length, 10 mm.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
Two 2%.
4. Sintor orthus spec. nov.
9. Similar to guadrilineatus, smaller, antenna and femora rufous, tibiae and
tarsi rufescent, rostrum shorter and broader, with the mesial depression less sharply
marked and the carinae indistinct, the prothorax shorter and less depressed behind,
elytra less conical, more convex, the two dorsal vittae of the elytra entirely
separate from one another, beginning at the side of the scutellum ; anal segment
simple.
Length, 6 mm.
Hab. Malacca (Ribbe).
One ¢.
5. Sintor quadrimaculatus javanus subsp. nov.
Differs from quadr. quadrimaculatus in the elytra bearing, instead of the
postmedian dorsal spot, a larger black lateral patch, which réaches up to. stripe
3 or 4 and is widest at lateral margin.
Hab. Malang, Java (type), and Mt. Tengger, 4000 ft. (Fruhstorfer).
One pair.
6. Sintor infernus spec. nov.
9g. Similar to quadrilineatus (1839) Fahrs.; dorsal carina of pronotum
less evenly concave, being slightly angulate in middle; vitta situated in third
interspace of elytrum reaching suture close to scutellum, not at basal fifth as in
quadrilineatus, lateral line extended right to the tip of the elytrum, no double dot
at apex; anal segment simple ; underside of body more densely pubescent white.
Hab. Nias (type), and Borneo.
One pair.
7. Sintor biplaga spec. nov.
?. Black ; a lateral vitta on head and pronotum, a thin mesial line on the
latter, the unpair interspaces of the elytra, the tibiae (except black tips), and the
greater part of the underside of the body buff-pink ; interspaces 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8
of the elytra more greyish, shoulder-angle, an oblique band running from base
jaterad, ending behind shoulder at stripe 6 or 7, a large, transverse, rounded spot,
extending from stripe 2 to lateral edge, black, like head, prothorax, club of antenna
and tarsi.
Rostrum broad, not obviously dilated at apex, longitudinally impressed,
mesial line cariniform from middle to near apex. Antennal segments | to 5 brown,
6 to 8 rufous, 8 little longer than broad. Eye small, long. Prothorax broader
( 417 )
than long, carina rather widely separate from basal edge. Hlytra strongly convex,
short, not cuneiform. Sterna and abdomen coarsely punctured. First segment of
foretarsus not larger than second and third together.
Length, 6 mm.
Hab. Khasia Hills, Assam.
One ?.
8. Sintor fasciatus spec. nov.
3%. Black, densely pubescent clayish grey, clab of antenna and a broad post-
median band across the elytra brown-black ; the edges of the band irregular,
Rostrum short, halfas long again as broad, stout, not impressed, mesially obtusely
carinate, beneath without mesial carina. Prothorax little longer than broad, convex,
somewhat rounded at sides, punctured, carina nearly straight above, abruptly
terminating laterally behind middle, close to subbasal carina above. Elytra short,
strongly convex, cylindrical, punctate-striate. Prosternum coarsely punctured.
First protarsal segment little longer than the second and third together.
Length, 64 mm.
Hab. Taipeh, Formosa.
Four specimens.
9. Apatenia clavicornis spec. nov.
?. Black ; antenna (except club) rufous; a subbasal grey pubescent ring of
tibiae and the tarsi rufescent ; femora, meso-metasternum and abdomen spotted with
brown-black ; rostrum and head black-brown, a mesial line on frous and occiput,
interrupted by a black dot, and a spot behind eye clayish grey ; pronotum
variegated with black and clayish grey nearly as in foliana (1898) Jord. ; the
alternate interspaces of elytra tesselated with black and clayish grey; pygidium
clayish grey, with brown mesial vitta.
Rostrum twice as broad as long, densely rngate-punctate like head, somewhat
depressed at base, without distinct carina above, bicarinate below. Antenna short,
club broad, peculiar, segment 9 semicircular, 10 still shorter and broader than 9,
somewhat sinuate distally, 11 subcircular, rounded-truncate. Prothorax punctate ;
angle of carina completely rounded, the lateral carina very faintly sinuate in dorsal
aspect, the thorax widest close behind end of lateral carina. Elytra little broader
than prothorax, nearly cylindrical, slightly depressed at suture, subbasal callosity
rather prominent.
Length, 7 mm.
Hab. Toli-Toli, North Celebes, 11. xii. 1895 (Fruhstorfer).
One ?.
In toliana the prothorax is widest before the base at the curvature of the
carina.
10. Apatenia milnei spec. nov.
?. A large species. Blackish brown, legs rufous, except a postmedian ring
and the base of the femora, which are black; pubescence of underside buffish grey,
long pile of legs and pubescence of upperside more yellow ; pronotum and alternate
interstices of elytra chequered with brown, a lateral median patch and a lateral
posthumeral dot black; abdomen marked on each side with two rows of black-
brown spots.
( 418 )
Rostrum twice as broad as long, densely pubescent, with trace of a short
mesial carina, mesially impressed beneath. Antennal segments with a few apical
bristles, segment 8 half the length of 3,9 = 10 = 11 = twice 8 and about twice
as long as broad, 9 and 10 pear-shaped, 11 ovate. Prothorax obviously punctured
like head, carina nearly straight above, strongly rounded at sides, not forming
an angle, side of thorax simply rounded before base in dorsal aspect. Elytra
broader than prothorax, planate from suture to fourth stripe, interstices 3 and 4
raised into a prominent rounded tubercle before declivous apex; middle of base
convex, but not tuberculate. Pygidium a little longer than broad. Intercoxal
process of mesosternum rounded.
Length, 11 mm.
Hab. Milne Bay, Brit. New Guinea.
One 2, received from Messrs. Standinger and Bang-Haas.
11. Apatenia phaeura spec. nov.
6. Similar to A. pallidiceps (1895) Jord. from British New Guinea. Eyes
rather closer together. Sides of prothorax less extended grey. Elytra without
tubercles in apical half ; basal convexity less prominent, and declivous apex and
pygidium uniformly clayish grey. Antenna and legs rufescent.
Length, 6 mm.
Hab. Kapaur, Dutch New Guinea (W. Doherty).
A. phaeura, pallidiceps, insignis, and the following pustulata are PErBAES all
geographical forms of one species.
12. Apatenia pustulata spec. nov.
?. Also close to A. pallidiceps. Antenna and legs rufous, the latter annulated
with black-brown. Carina of rostrum practically absent, being vestigial only in
apical half. Occiput coarsely rugate-punctate. Pronotum different in pattern ;
antescutellar buff spot continued to near middle, bordered with black, a transverse
oblique spot at each side of middle line and several lateral spots also black, more or
less obviously edged with grey. Elytra nearly as in insignis (1895) Jord., marked
with a large apical sutural black spot and with fewer “black dots in sutural inter-
space; the two dorsal anteapical tubercles as in ‘/msignis, different in position
from pallidiceps ; the inner one situated in third interspace, as high as the median
tubercle which stands in the same interspace ; the outer tubercle smaller, situated
in the fifth interspace, more frontal in position than the inner one. Abdomen with
three rows of partly confluent black-brown spots on each side.
Antennal segments 6 to 8 very short.
Hab. Dammer I., Banda Sea, xii. 98 (H. Kiihn).
One ¢.
13. Apatenia olivacea spec. nov.
3. Black, uniformly covered with a greyish olive pubescence, a subapical spot
on tibiae black ; antenna rufescent ; no long pile on legs and underside. Rostrum
more than twice as broad as long, with a trace of a mesial carina at base. Antennal
segments 9 and 10 pear-shaped, truncate at apex, 9 longer than 3 and than 7 +8.
Prothorax punctured like head, slightly uneven on disc, little wider at angle of
carina than in middle, angle of carina 90°, not rounded, lateral carina nearly
( 419 )
straight in dorsal as well as lateral view, dorsal carina also straight ; sides of
pronotum with traces of black dots. Elytra also with vestigial dots, besides three
black tufted tubercles on each elytrum, situated in the third interspace, the first
behind base, the second in middle, the third before the nearly vertical apex.
Length, 4 to 5 mm.
Hab. Woodlark I., 3. iv. 1897 (A. 8. Meek).
One ¢.
14. Apatenia tenuis spec. nov.
od. Similar in appearance to small specimens of A. xzduata (1859) Pasc., but
much narrower. Rostrum more than twice as broad as long, without carina. Frons
anteriorly narrower than in viduata, and eye more prominent. Eleventh seyment
of antenna elliptical, pointed. Prothorax longer than in »dwata, more uneven
above, deeper depressed in middle of disc, with four discal globosities ; lateral angle
of carina less than 90°, with the tip rounded, projecting laterad in dorsal view, the
thorax in front of this angle less sinuate than in eduata; dorsal carina convex,
mesially distinctly angulate; apex of prothorax comparatively broader than in
viduata ; basal mesial spot grey. Hlytra variegated with black, the spots not
distinct in certain lights, no large black postmedian discal patch ; stripes deep ;
subbasal callosity prominent; a small median tubercle in third interspace and
several raised dots before declivous apex black. Underside pubescent grey, the
pubescence denser laterally on mesosternum and proximally on metasternal epi-
sternum ; sides of breast and abdomen spotted with brown.
Length, 54 mm.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
One od.
In viduata the rostrum is longer than broad and mesially carinate.
15. Apatenia gracilis spec. nov.
3. Black-brown ; antenna, base of femora, a subbasal ring of tibiae, apex
of femora and of tibiae, and all tarsi more or less pale rufous, clothed with a
luteous grey pubescence. Rostrum more than fwice as long as broad, with a short
slight basal carina. Frons narrow, being only one-fourth the width of the
rostrum, pubescent grey like rostrum, the grey area trisinuate behind, the occiput
being brown, except a short anterior mesial line and a curved spot at eye. Highth
antenual segment not quite twice as long as broad, segment 11 as long as 9,
broadest in middle ; first and second segments paler than the others. Prothorax
one-third broader than long, laterally shallowly sinuate before the angle of the
carina, coarsely punctate, slightly depressed on dise before middle, a mesial vitta
from base to middle and a lateral discal median dot Inteous, anterior half of disc
and sides Inteous grey, with brown spaces, a subapical brown arch (convex in front)
interrupted by an apical mesial luteous grey line ; dorsal carina straight, lateral
carina extended beyond middle, angle a little more than 90°. Scutellum grey.
Elytra very little wider than prothorax, very slightly depressed at suture, gradually
narrowing from base to near apex, the latter evenly rounded ; alternate interspaces
luteous grey, tesselated with black, apical half of third interspace with three black
prominent subtuberculiform dots. Pygidium longer than broad, with two luteous
grey vittae separated from one another by a thin brown mesial line. Underside
( 420 )
grey, spotted with brown laterally. Abdomen flattened mesially ; anal segment
sinnate.
Length, 44 mm. i
Hab. Fergusson, Entrecasteaux Is. (A. 8. Meek).
One ¢.
16. Habrissus indicus spec. nov.
3?. Differs from H. tibialis in the following particulars: rostrum longer,
much more deeply concave laterally before the eye; end-segment of antenna
luteous ; pronotum blackish-brown, with grey markings ; brown postmedian band
of elytra narrower than in H. tibialis; pygidium longer; anal sternite of ¢
less impressed ; metasternal patch of combs of ¢ larger; tooth at end of mid-
tibia of ¢ shorter; first tarsal segment entirely Iuteous, pubescent grey, fourth
segment entirely brown-black.
Hab. Khasia Hills, Assam.
Two od, two ??.
The metasternal ¢-mark consists in this species and ¢idéal’s of transverse rows
of flat spines which lie close upon the metasternum, each row resembling a comb.
While in ¢idialis there is a small patch of combs on each half of the sternite,
indicus possesses one large undivided mesial patch of combs.
17. Habrissus rugiceps spec. nov.
?. Blackish brown, pubescence of upperside dark olive-brown ; alternate inter-
spaces of elytra tesselated black and grey ; underside pubescent grey; tibiae black
with whitish ring ; third and fourth tarsal segments rufous.
Rostrum twice as broad as long, rugate, without carina. Occiput longitudinally
rugate, with mesial carina, which is suddenly abbreviated anteriorly between the
eyes. These widely separate, the frons being half as broad as the rostrum. Pro-
thorax rugate-punctate, carina gradually curved laterally, but not becoming
longitudinal. Hlytra almost gradually declivous from base to apex, subbasal
convexity prominent.
Length, 6 mm.
Hab. Perak.
One ?.
18. Acorynus rhodius spec. nov.
?. Closely resembling in colour Litocerus picturatus, but differing as follows :
the three carinae of rostrum heavier, the lateral ones obliquely continued to apical
angles of rostrum. Antenna much shorter, sezment 10 less than half as long again
as broad, but half the length of 9. Prothorax broader than in L. picturatus, dorsal
carina angulate in middle, slightly biconvex, lateral carina longer, discal vitta
broad, not interrupted. Elytra also broader than in L. picturatus, somewhat
differently marked : a subbasal ovate spot, a spot occupying humeral angle, a lateral
ring behind shoulder, an elongate submedian spot on interstice 4, occupying only
half of 3 and of 5, two dots in frout of this spot, a sutural spot behind middle,
a transverse anteapical band extending from margin to margin, narrow, convex on
each elytrum, produced backwards at snture, not forwards, a sublateral median
( 421 )
spot and a tiny external apical dot black-brown. Pygidium truncate like the anal
sternite, brown in middle.
Length, 94 mm.
Hab. Pontianak, Borneo.
One ¢.
19. Acorynus tolianus spec. nov.
3. Rostrum, head and prothorax brown-black, apex of pronotum and elytra,
and underside rufescent. Antenna brown, rufous towards base. Legs entirely pale
rufous. Underside, rostrum and head, sentellum, pygidiam, and markings of
pronotum and elytra pubescent yellow. Pronotum with three straight vittae, the
lateral ones broad, incompletely separated from the pubescence of the underside.
A broad basal marginal band to elytra, dilated below shoulder and near suture,
joined to a subbasal spot which stands between stripes 1 and 4; behind this spot
a small dot and larger rounded spot; at basal third of suture a transverse spot, not
interrupted at suture, between interspaces 3 of the two elytra, produced backwards
on third stripe, joining a square median spot which expands between second and
sixth interspace; an elongate sutural spot before declivous apex, isolated ; a sutural
and a lateral apical spot, joined together; two nearly square lateral spots, one
before, the other behind middle, the second produced along margin to near apical
spot. Pygidium slightly brown in middle.
Rostrum with three abbreviated sharp dorsal carinae, the lateral ones slightly
converging at end. Hyes longer than broad, close together in front, but not
touching each other. Segment 10 of antenna half as long again as broad,
9 shorter than 3 and only one-third longer than 8. Prothorax broad, rounded-
angulate before base, no coarse puncturation, antemedian sulcus present, but not
sharply impressed, dorsal carina feebly biconvex. Elytra convex, depressed at
suture, basal callosity feeble, sides somewhat rounded. Prosternum impunetate.
Metasternum with brown lateral spot on sternite. Abdomen and tibiae unarmed.
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Toli-Toli, N. Celebes, xi. xii. 1895 (Fruhstorfer).
One o.
20. Acorynus ligatus spec. nov.
3. Blackish-brown, somewhat rnfescent ; pubescence of underside grey, not very
dense. Upperside marked with clay-colour: rostrum, cheek and a dorsal stripe
along eye; three straight vittae on pronotum, the lateral ones broad ; a sntural
vitta on elytra, occupying basal third, then dividing into two broader stripes, one
on each elytrum, these stripes running obliquely backwards and laterad to outer
apical angle of elytrum, the sutural vitta connected at basal edge with an irregular
humeral vitta which extends to middle of elytram, a few dots between the two vitta,
and one on second stripe at apical fifth ; suture edged with clay from near oblique
band to near apex. Antenna and legs rufescent. Pygidium clay, with brown
mesial vitta.
Rostrum short; carinae feebly marked, abbreviated. Segments 9 to 11 of
antenna nearly as long as the others together, 8 conical, shorter than 10, this
one-third of 9, the latter nearly equalling 5 to 8 together. Eyes well separated, a
little longer than broad. Prothorax conical, with almost straight sides, not
distinctly punctured ; dorsal carina straight; pubescence as dense as on elytra,
( 422 )
concealing the structure more or less. Punetures of prosternum fine. Tibiae
unarmed.
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Samar, Philippines, 6. vii. 1896 (J. Whitehead).
One 6.
Near obliquus (1897) Jord. from Sumatra ; club of antenna much longer, eyes
much wider separate, and pattern of elytra different.
21. Acorynus leptis spec. nov.
3. Similar to melanopus, but a little longer and narrower; markings clayish.
The three dorsal carinae of rostrum interrupted beyond middle and then continued to
apex, the lateral ones slightly diverging. Eye more prominent than in melanopus,
a little longer than broad, subemarginate above, with the adjacent anterior portion
of the occiput depressed. Base of antenna rufescent. Prothorax similar in shape to
that of sporadis ; puncturation less obvious ; dorsal carina evenly but very slightly
concave ; three mesial spots and a discal dot as in melanopus, a broad lateral vitta
which is separated from the pubescence of the underside by a posteriorly furcate
subapical brown spot. Seutellum clayish grey. Blytra dispersedly striped with
short clayish lines nearly all situated in the punctured stripes; three rather larger
spots on each elytrum: one lateral just behind shoulder, the second discal, median,
oblique, from interstice 3 to 5, and the third lateral postmedian. Pygidium clayish-
grey, with brown mesial vitta. Underside clayish* grey ; apex and a median patch
on femora black ; tibiae black, with broad antemedian rufous ring which is clayish
grey pubescent ; first segment of tarsi also rufous, with large apical grey patch ;
midtibia of d with slightly curved apical tooth ; prosternum nearly smooth.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
Two oc.
22. Acorynus sporadis spec. nov.
3%, Black, greater portion of antenna and of tibiae and tarsi rufous.
Upperside with a black-brown tomentum, and spotted with luteous grey. Rostrum
and cheek Iuteous grey; occiput with or without small lateral spot. Three
interrupted vittae on pronotum and three basal spots as continuation of these
vittae, besides a lateral spot at lateral carina, or the lateral vittae not interrapted
and broader than the mesial one. Scutellum black-brown. Elytra without spots
upon suture, all the spots very small, 13 to 16 on each elytrum, the basi-limbal one
the largest; a dot behind middle on fourth interspace rather larger than those
nearest to it. Underside grey or clayish ; abdomen with a series of oblique brown
lateral lines, which are not always distinct.
Rostrum with three prominent dorsal carinae, the middle one prolonged to apex.
Hyes nearly contiguous in g, prominent in both sexes. Occiput coarsely punctate
like pronotum, with fine mesial carina anteriorly. Antennal segment 10 one-third
the length of segment 9. Prothorax conical, with straight sides ; no antemedian
transverse sulcus; dorsal carina very slightly concave, lateral angle very strongly
rounded. Prosternum coarsely punctured, abdomen densely but rather finely
punctured. Anal sternite of subsinuate, with small mesial apical tubercle.
Midtibia of ¢ with apical tooth.
Length, 8 to 9 mm.
Hab. Sumatra and Borneo,
( 423 )
Two subspecies :
a. A. sporadis sporadis.
3%. Lateral vitta of pronotum interrupted ; the lateral plates of the meso- and
metasternum more or less obviously edged with brown-black, and the brown-black
oblique streaks of the abdomen distinct.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
SsOnerc: four 2.
b. A. sporadis luteus subsp. noy.
?. Dots of upperside and pubescence of underside deeper clay-colour ; lateral
vitta of pronotum not interrupted; dots of elytra rather more numerous than in
the preceding ; brown markings of underside indistinct.
Hab. Borneo : Pontianak (type), and Kuching (October).
Five 2 ¢.
23. Acorynus melanopus spec. nov.
3%. In appearance like sporadis but smaller, deeper black, with the antenna
slightly rufescent, and the pubescence of the underside and the dots of the upperside
grey. Carinae of rostrum as prominent as in sporadis, but the mesial ones less
distinct in apical half and the lateral ones converging distally and again slightly
curving laterad at end. Eye almost circular. Prothorax shorter than in sporadis,
more rounded laterally in middle, with an antemedian discal dot ; lateral markings as
in sporadis sporadis. Dots of elytra more numerous. Legs black ; femera pubescent
grey, apex and a middle patch black ; tibiae with narrow grey antemedian ring ;
first tarsal segment with large grey apical patch; tooth at end of midtibia (d)
straight ; anal sternite of 2 rounded, without tubercle.
Length, 64 mm.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
Four dd, one ¢.
24. Acorynus cordiger spec. nov.
?. Similar to apicalis ; apical fourth of elytra and pygidium densely pubescent
buff, this patch somewhat heart-shaped. Larger than apicalis ; rostrum somewhat
longer, the apical portion of the mesial carina more distinct and longer. Segment
10 of antenna over half the length of segment 9, while it is only one-third the length
of 9 in apicalis. Dorsal carina of prothorax more straight and the lateral carina
longer. Rostrum and head densely pubescent buff, except a brown spot on occiput.
Pronotum and basal half of elytra greyish brown, area in front of buff anal patch
broadly brown ; about ten indistinct spots on pronotum and six in basal half of each
elytrum also brown; a few minute dots in and behind middie of elytrum buff;
elytra deeper depressed at suture than in apicalis. Underside olivaceous, without
the buff spots of zpicalis ; first segment of tarsi all greyish buff; segments 2 to 4
brown-black.
Length, 104 mm.
Hab, Java.
One?.
25. Acorynus lewisi spec. nov.
3%. Rufous brown, antenna (except brown club) and legs (except tarsal
segments 2 to 4, which are brown) pale rufous. Rostrum, cheek and underside of
( 424 )
body densely pubescent yellow-buff; markings of upperside the same colour : occipital
border to eyes ; three straight vittae on pronotum: scutellum; on each elytram
a line from base to beyond middle, beginning at scutellum and ending in second
interstice, a kind of band composed of single short lines situated between shoulder
and middle of subsutural line, a line running from lateral margin before middle
obliquely to second interstice, continued in this interstice backwards to near apex of
wing and joining here a lateral line which extends forward as far as apex of second
abdominal segment, being curved upwards at frontal end, the whole line resembling
the figure 6 ; basal and lateral humeral edge of wing also yellow-buff.
Rostrum with three dorsal carinae, which are heavy in basal half, the lateral
ones vanishing in apical half of rostrnm, the mesial one obsolescent from middle
to apex. Hye slightly longer than broad. Frons in ¢ anteriorly about the width
of the first antennal segment, in ? half as broad again. Prothorax conical,
broader than long, minutely punctured above, practically smooth, with a trans-
verse antemedian sulcus ; dorsal carina slightly biconvex, being concave in middle,
lateral angle completely rounded. Elytra short, gradually narrowed from shoulder,
suture rather strongly depressed. Anal sternite rounded.
Length, 10 mm.
Hab. Kuching, N. Borneo, xi. 1900.
Two 3d, one ?, received from the Sarawak Museum. Named in honour of
Mr. J. E, A. Lewis, who has collected most of the Anthribidae contained in the
Sarawak Museum.
26. Litocerus anna spec. nov.
?. Similar to small specimens of paviei (1891) Lesne; rostrum without
dorsal carina, coarsely punctured. Eyes separate. Pronotum finely granulose, with
dispersed large punctures laterally ; no distinct transverse antemedian suleus ;
a mesial vitta narrowed in front and again before carina clayish, a small discal dot
and traces of lateral spots grey ; elytra less coarsely punctate in the stripes than
they are in pavve/, an indistinct basal patch behind scutellum and a more distinet
and larger one behind middle buffish grey, common to both elytra, behind the second
patch there is a dot situated in the third interspace.
Hab. Kina Balu, N. Borneo.
Two ? ?.
27. Litocerus cryptus spec. nov.
3%. Similar to L. sellatus (1859) Pasc., but differs in the following characters :
transverse sulcus of pronotum much less impressed, the lateral angle of the pro-
notal carina less rounded, the lateral dots minute, while the mesial spot before the
scutellum and the one before the carina are conspicuous ; subbasal patch of elytra
grey like the thoracical dots, not clayish as in sed/atus, wider behind and extended
frontad at the suture, reaching scutellum, the transverse portion interrupted or
constricted ; tibiae with grey antemedian ring; first segment of abdomen of &
armed with a tubercle.
Hab. Perak.
Two dd, one 2.
28. Litocerus khasianus spec. nov.
3%. Black, pubescence of underside clayish olive, upperside spotted with
clayish buff; side of rostrum, cheek, frons, upper edge of eye, a mesial line on
( 425 )
pronotum, narrowed at suleus, two minute discal dots one behind the other, three
lateral spots, namely one elongate, apical, the second behind it, also elongate, but
shorter, the third broader, situated at lateral carina, three basal spots, the mesial
one large, the lateral one minute ; spots of elytra small, dispersed, the median one
situated between stripes 2 and 5 or 6 the largest, subquadrangular, four double
spots at suture : one square behind scntellum, the second before middle, the third
minute, behind middle, the fourth before apex; on a level with these sutural
spots are four limbal ones, and on the interspaces stand several discal dots; a
basal adhumeral spot is forked; a triangular lateral spot on pygidium; and an
antemedian ring on tibiae, all clayish buff ; tarsi not ringed with buff.
The three dorsal carinae of rostrum abbreviated in middle. Frons very narrow
in both sexes. Eye elongate, oblique. Pronotum with transverse sulcus, strongly
punctured laterally ; angle of carina rounded, lateral carina straight, oblique. Elytra
coarsely punctate-striate. First segment of tarsi long. Abdomen of g with
tubercle on first segment. Antennal segments 5, 6 and 7 of d¢ compressed,
resembling segment 8, but being narrower.
Length, 7 to 8} mm.
Hab. Khasia Hills, Assam.
A series.
29. Litocerus leucopsilus spec. nov.
?. Black, pubescence of underside greyish white. Rostrum, cheek and a thin
mesial line on occiput and the following markings on pronotum and elytra white.
Pronotum : three spots behind carina ; three mesial ones, the first linear, the other
two mere dots; two discal ones before middle and behind each another, which stands
at the carina, two linear lateral ones, almost joined together ; dorsally of the hinder
end of the anterior lateral line a dot ; a minute dot also in front of the first discal
spot. Each elytram with about thirty dots which are nearly evenly distributed, the
median lateral ones more or less linear, two postmedian dots in stripes 2 and 3
confluent. Tibiae with two white rings; apical half of first tarsal segment also
white.
Rostrum with three abbreviated carinae. Eyes subcircular, not close together,
very little oblique. Pronotum densely punctured, except in middle ; with transverse
antemedian sulcus ; angle of carina completely rounded. Pygidium short, almost
semicircular.
Length, 7 mm.
Hab, Khasia Hills.
One &.
Similar to Ahasianus, easily differentiated by the numerous white dots of the
upperside, the two white rings of the tibiae, the white apical half of the first tarsal
segment, the completely rounded lateral angle of the provotal carinae and the short
pygidium.
30. Litocerus kuehni spec. nov.
3. Brown-black, slightly rufescent here and there ; underside of body spotted
with grey laterally. Head, a broad mesial vitta on pronotum, constricted in middle,
followed by a separate basal spot, a large basal area on elytra, extending from
shoulder to shoulder, occupying at suture the basal fourth, a conspicuous postmedian
spot between punctured stripes 1 and 6, a number of minute spots before apex and
most of the punctures of stripes 7 to 9, the pygidium, except middle, a sabbasal and
( 426 )
a subapical spot on the femora, a ring before middle of tibiae, and the base of tarsal
segments 1 and 2 luteous, covered with a clayish buff pubescence.
The three dorsal carinae of rostrum stopping in middle. Frons parallel. Eye
nearly circular. Pronotum minutely, but visibly punctured, with a very few incon-
spicuous clayish dots, besides the mesial vitta ; on each side of the vitta there is a
transverse arched sulcus, convex in front, the two sulci separate ; lateral angle
of carina rounded. Stripes of elytra deep. Abdomen (¢) mesially depressed,
without tubercle.
Length, 8 mm.
Hab. Dammer I., Banda Sea, December 1898 (‘T. Kiihn).
One 3.
Similar to zxermés (1895) Jord., from North Luzon, but easily distinguished by
the interrupted transverse pronotal sulcus, of which the two halves are arched, by
the absence of large confluent lateral markings from the pronotum, the depressed
middle of the abdomen, ete.
31. Hucus striatus spec. nov.
3%. Brown, femora and tibiae more or less rufous, antennal segments 1 to 8 of
? also rafescent. Rostrum vertical, somewhat bent backwards, finely granulate-
punctate, with two slightly marked carinae on each side between eye and dilated
apical part. ye circular, feebly truncate beneath, encircled with a luteous pubes-
cence, which forms a spot on frons and extends a little along the mesial line of the
rostrum; cheek grey. Antenna of d more than twice the length of the body,
black, segment 9 grey, except apex ; segment 1 prolonged, clubbed, a little shorter
than 3, this not quite so long as 4,4 = 5 = 6 =7, 8 = 3, 9 about half the length of
4 and four times as loug as 10, this twice as long as broad, 11 shorter than 9, about
twice as long as 10 ; antenna of $ reaching basal third of elytra, segment 1 about
one-fourth shorter than 8, this a very little longer than 4,5 =6=7<4and > 8.
Prothorax very short, conical, finely granulate-punctate above, with three straight
dorsal Inteous grey lines, the lateral ones parallel with the sides, a further line
at each side not separated from the grey pubescence of the under surface ; carina
forming a lateral angle of 90°, the tip of the angle rounded off. Elytra convex,
more strongly so than in lateralis (1895) Jord., finely striated, the alternate inter-
stices with thin luteous grey line, the three discal lines of each elytrum very
distinct ; the lines connected basally by a nebulous grey pubescence and in
middle by a transverse grey band which reaches laterally to the fourth line ; suture
grey at base ; interstices dark brown in front of and behind the transverse band.
Pygidinm luteous grey. Underside all grey. Second and third tarsal segments
black beneath.
Length, 34 to 4 mm.
Hab. Tambora, Sambawa, April—May 1896 (W. Doherty), type, g ; Sapit,
Lombok, April 1896 (Fruhstorfer), ?.
One pair.
32. Hucus persimilis spec. nov.
3%. Similar to the preceding, but the carinae of the rostram more prominent,
the mesial line of the pronotum thinner, and the lateral ones broader and less
sharply marked. All the dorsal interstices of the elytra with short luteous grey
lines behind the base and before the apex, the postbasal streaks forming a distinet
( 427 )
transverse band, none of the lines complete from base to apex, except that situated
in third interspace, the posterior transverse band, broader than in sériatus, and
farther backwards in position, continued laterad by some short streaks.
Hab. Queensland.
One 6, four $ ¢.
33. Mecocerina guttata spec. nov.
3. Brown-black, densely covered with a grey pubescence. Two broad dorsal
vittae on prothorax, and a small lateral antemedian dot; eight spots on each
elytrum, a dorsal row of four larger ones, the first postbasal, and a limbal row
of four smaller ones, the first hnmeral ; tip of tibiae and of first tarsal segment
and the whole second to fourth tarsal segments brown-black.
Rostrum somewhat Cedus-like, mesially grooved, apically flattened, the two
dorsal carinae (one on each side) somewhat converging in middle, then strongly
diverging, obsolescent towards apex. [rons as in «enoceroides. Antenna nearly
three times the length of the body, thin, second segment short, tenth longer,
more than twice the length of eleventh, its extreme base and the apical half
of ninth white. Prothorax short, transversely suleate before middle, carina
slightly convex dorsally, semicircularly curved frontad laterally. Elytra similar
in shape to those of xenoceroides. Process of mesosternum and the abdomen as
in xenoceroides ; prosternum rather obviously convex in middle.
Length, 64 mm.
Hab. Toli-Toli, North Celebes, 11. xii. 1896 (Fruhstorfer).
One o.
34. Mecocerina amabilis salomonis spec. nov.
3 ¢?. In structure the same as M. amab. amabilis (1859) Pascoe. Prothorax
with broad lateral black-brown vitta which is abbreviated behind, besides the two
dorsal vittae. Elytra marked with black-brown as follows : a large subbasal dorsal
spot connected with an elongate lateral humeral patch by means of a small subbasal
spot; a transverse median band, nearly interrupted in third interstice, laterally
not reaching margin of wing, the sutural spot further backwards than the discal
portion of the band, a large subapical rounded area on each elytrum, including
two or three elongate spots of the ground-coloar, and either touching suture or
separate from it.
Hab. Solomon Is.: Florida, January 1901 (Meek and Hichhorn), type, and
Tulagi (Woodford).
Three dd, one ?.
In the ? the antenna (club excepted) is rufous.
35. Mucronianus (?) khasianus spec. nov.
9. Differs from Mucronianus rufipes in the structure of the rostrum and the
pygidium. Black; segments 6 to 8 of antenna grey ; rostrum, cheek, upper edge
of eye and a mesial occipital triangular vitta greyish clay. A mesial vitta on
pronotum, with which is connected at carina a small pointed oblique spot, a discal
dot, and a broad lateral vitta indistinctly centred with brown, clay-colour; basal
half of elytra clay, including many black spots, which are more or less confluent ;
( 428 )
then follows a transverse black band ; and finally a clay area occupying apical
fourth of elytra. Pygidium uniformly clay-colour. Underside slightly paler
pubescent than markings of upper; a spot on metasternal episternum, apex of
tibia and of first tarsal segment, and tarsal segments 2 to 4 brown-black.
Rostrum coarsely punctured ; with indication of mesial carina; a heavy
dorso-lateral carina from eye to middle, then curving laterad and becoming
obsolescent; laterally of this carina the rostram is grooved. Antennal groove
large, rounded. Eye subtruncate beneath, a little more convex than in rujipes.
Frons caualiculate, slightly wider than in rufpes. Antennal segments much
broader than in that species, club elongate-ovate. Prothorax rather longer than
in rufipes, conspicuously punctured. Pygidium rounded, not mucronate.
Length, 8 to 9 mm.
Hab. Khasia Hills, Assam.
Two ?.
36. Kenocerus basilanus spec. noy.
3. Black, slightly olivaceous above; bases of antennal segments 4 and 5,
underside of body, and legs grey, sides of sterna clayish buff; a lateral vitta
over head and pronotum, a broad oblique band behind shoulder from base to
outer margin of elytrum, a short vitta on suture, beginning at basal fourth and
dividing in middle on each elytrum into an obliquely transverse band, and a
short sutural apical streak clayish buff ; pygidium paler buff, black in middle. In
stracture similar to 7w/us (1894) Jord., prothorax broader, elytra more depressed
at suture.
Hab. Basilan, Philippines, February—March 1898 (W. Doherty).
One 3d.
37. Xenocerus rufus vidua subsp. nov.
?. Differs from X. rufus rufus (Borneo) in the antenna being for the greater
part grey (club excepted), in the elytra being marked by a transverse line before
the apex, and in the skeleton of the legs not being rufescent.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra.
One ¢.
38. Xenocerus dohertyi mortiensis subsp. nov.
3?. Differs from doh. dohertyi (Batjan) in the two discal streaks of the
elytrum being each reduced to a short linear spot situated halfway between base
and transverse band, and in the apical line being replaced by a triangular spot.
Hab. Morty (Wallace).
A series.
39. Kenocerus kuehni spec. nov.
3. Allied to X. cinctus (1894) Jord., narrower ; thorax longer ; vittae much
broader ; lateral vitta of thorax and elytra of a beautiful red except here and
there at the edges; the transverse band of the elytra united to the lateral vitta.
Hab. Kendani, 8.8. Celebes (H. Kiihn).
One ¢.
( 429)
40. Kenocerus henricus spec. nov.
d?. Allied to X. puneticollis (1894) Jord., but the dorsal carina of the pro-
notum laterally much more sinuate and the pattern of the elytra very different ; a
transverse postmedian band expanded between the fourth stripes, sharply truncate
laterally, produced into a short tooth behind on the suture and into a long pointed
sutural projection in front, this projection not extending farther frontad than the
basal third of the suture; each elytrum with a vitta from base to near middle,
the vitta widened near its basal end, not curving towards scutellam at the basal
margin of the elytrum. As in puncticollis, there is no lateral vitta on the elytrum.
Hab. Kalidupa, Toekan Bessi Is. (H. Kiihn).
A long series.
41. Xenocerus aluensis atratus subsp. nov.
3%. Black above, not clayish; lines as in al. aluensis, but discal one of
elytrum interrupted, the broader and shorter adhumeral portion being separate
from the discal portion.
Hab. Florida 1., Solomon Is., January 1901 (Messrs. Meek & Hichhorn).
Two dd, one ?.
42. Xenocerus aluensis rubianus subsp. nov.
?. Colour of upperside olivaceous clay as in al. alwensis ; sutural vitta much
broader than in the Aln form, especially behind, more extended backwards, not so
deeply divided ; transverse band short ; basal discal line connected in its middle
by a bar with the sutural vitta, as in X. conjunctus (1895) Jord.; sublateral line
absent.
Hab. Kulambangra, Rubiana, Solomon Is., March 1901 (Messrs. Meek &
Hichhorn).
One ?.
43. Kenocerus speracerus sudestensis subsp. nov.
d. Differs from the Woodlark form in the following points: sutural vitta
much broader, extending beyond the first stripe of punctures, incised 3 mm. from
scutellum, suture slightly edged with grey between vitta and apex, no lateral line
on eighth row of punctures, no transverse apical line, but a limbal mark before
middle ; a broad, irregular ring encircling humeral angle and joined to the basi-
discal line, which itself is connected with the sutural vitta in the type-specimen.
Hab. Sudest 1., Louisiade Archipelago, April 1898 (A. 8. Meek).
Two 3d.
44. Xenocerus birmanicus spec. nov.
?. Close to X. saperdoides from Java, the two being perhaps subspecies of
one species. Markings of upperside more yellow. Antennal segments 1 to 6 quite
black. Discal basal vitta of elytra not connected with sutural one at basal margin,
posteriorly not obliquely prolonged to the lateral margin and not connected with
the transverse band, a short isolated line (or a trace of a line) before middle on
stripe 9; sutaral vitta not reaching apex. ‘Tips of tibiae, of first and fourth tarsal
segments, and nearly the whole second segments black.
Hab, Barma.
Three %¢.
3U
( 430 )
45. Xenocerus lateralis annulifer subsp. nov.
32. Fourth segment of antenna of % twice the length of the fifth, both
strongly compressed, eighth and upperside of seventh white ; antenna of black.
Mesial vitta of pronotum broad, lateral one vestigial. A white ring on each
elytram from suture to shoulder, open in front, a transverse band behind middle,
oblique on each elytram, produced forward upon suture, reaching short basal sutural
vitta or not; no lateral vitta or only a vestige of it. Pygidiam with two minute
white basal dots. Underside and legs black.
Hab. Kapala Madang, Burn (H. Kiihn).
Two pairs.
The half-ring at the base of each elytrum distinguishes this subspecies
abundantly from the Amboina form X. dat. lateralis (1894) Jord., of which we
have now two dd and one $.
46. Xenocerus spilotus spec. nov.
g. Antenna as in variadilis (1860) Pase. Prothorax slenderer than in that,
species, with three narrow white vittae, which are prolonged over the occiput ; spots
of elytra grey, nearly all isolated : one at base above shoulder, an indistinct one
below shoulder, a larger one occupying basal fourth of suture, its basal half nearly
confined to the sutural interspace, its distal half expanded to the third line of
punctures, another sutural spot behind middle, also narrow in front and wide behind,
but almost completely separated at the suture ; a halfmoon-shaped spot at lateral
margin at basal fourth, a subquadrangular one on disc before middle, a smaller spot
in the same interspace close to hinder edge of second sutural spot, triangular spot
just before the second discal one, but more lateral, and a small spot before apex
between lines 6 and 7. Pubescence of pygidium and underside grey ; pygidium
with narrow black mesial vitta.
Hab. Malang, Java.
One 3.
47. Xenocerus russatus spec. nov.
2. Similar to medium-sized and small specimens of X. everett? (1894) Jord. ;
slenderer, the dark parts of the tomentum of the upperside more russet ; the lateral
carina of the prothorax distinctly curved upwards in middle of thorax : segments
2 to 5 of antenna of ¢ with a dense fringe of short fine ciliae beneath.
Hab. Borneo: Kuching, iy. 1902 (type), Kina Balu, Baram R., and Dutch
Borneo. ;
A series.
The small ovate groove present in the ¢ of everetti at the apex of the second
antennal segment is found also in russatus 3.
48. Xenocerus mamillatus spec. nov.
¢. Rufesecent; tomentum of upperside brown, of underside buff. Three vittae
on head and pronotum, and the following markings on the elytra buff: a broad
sutural vitta extending to apex, but restricted to the sntural interspace in apical
fourth, the sntural edge itself remaining of the ground-colour from near scutellam
to near declivous apex ; from this vitta branches off a broad and short streak which
ends at the tip of a rather prominent anteapical tubercle, and close to the vitta at
( 431 )
basal fifth stands a triangular spot, a mesial line from base to middle, situated
on line 4, curving near base to line 5, a sublateral line from shoulder to apex,
composed of four parts, the second partition a little nearer the edge than the first
and third, and the apical partition widened to a spot, a line at the lateral edge from
base to apex. Pygidinm buff, except a triangular mesial vitta. A lateral spot
on metasternnm and a continuous lateral series of spots on abdominal segments 1
to 4 brown. Legs rufous, not spotted. Antennal segments 1 to 8 buff, fringe of
underside of segments 2 to 6 black, segments 9 to 11 rufescent.
Structure of antenna as in swperdoides. Rostrum suleate in middle, the suleus
bordered at each side by a high carina, Pronotum not punctured. Hlytra flattened
above, with a horizontal tubercle before declivous apical portion.
Hab. Pontianak, Borneo.
One ¢.
Differs from all the species of Xenocerus in the presence of a tubercle on the
elytrum before the apex.
49. Basitropis armata spec. noy.
36. Brown-black, tibiae and tarsi rufous ; pronotum and elytra densely mar-
morated with clay colour, some patches of the ground-colour bare of luteous
pubescence—namely, one laterally near apex of pronotum, another before middle
of elytrum at side-margin, a third behind middle near suture, and a fourth before
apex ; underside clay-colour, a patch on upperside of hindfemur, base of tibiae,
and a small subapical spot on mid- and hindtibae brown. Antenna brown-black,
except the last two segments and the lower angle of the ninth.
Rostrum as long as broad, with prominent mesial carina, which vanishes on
frons ; upper edge of antennal groove strongly curved upwards ; puneturation of
head feeble. Antenna gradually widening from segment 5, segment 8 nearly three
times as broad as long. Prothorax about as long as broad, dispersedly punctured ;
sides shallowly sinuate before base. Elytrum coarsely punctate-striate in basal
half, more finely in apical half. Metasternum mesially impressed, with a tubercle
at each side of the impression. Abdominal segments 1 to 3 impressed mesially,
anal segment truncate-rounded. Anterior tibia dilated at apex into a large
triangular tooth and a second smaller one, separated from one another by a
longitudinal groove. Midtibia similarly armed, but the teeth much smaller.
Length, 14 mm.
Hab. Malang, Java.
One ¢.
This is the only species known to me in which the metasternum and the
midtibia (¢) are provided with an armature.
50. Basitropis platypus spec. nov.
?. Brown-black, very densely dotted and marmorated with a dark luteous
pubescence; no large brown patches; abdomen with small brown side-spots.
Rostrum longer than basally broad, widest before middle, transversely depressed
at base, mesially carinate in apical two-fifths, longitudinally punctate-rugate like
frons. (Antenna broken, segments 1 to 6 only preserved.) Prothorax widest at
base, a little broader than long ; puncturation feeble. Elytram much shorter than
in armatus ; punctared stripes distinct. Prosternum smooth anteriorly in middle.
( 432 )
Anal sternite truncate-sinuate. Second and third segments of all tarsi broader
than in the other species of Basitropis, being dilated somewhat as in Rawasia.
Length, 12 mm.
Hab. Penang.
One ¢.
Easily recognised by the rostrum and tarsi.
51. Basitropis hamata spec. nov.
32. In colour similar to Jutosus (1895) Jord., the luteons pubescence
rather more restricted. Shorter than dutosws, agreeing in proportions better with
nitidicutis. Rostrum densely punctured, with a distinct mesial carina. Antenna
of 3 dilated from segment 7, segment 8 half as wide again as long ; club of ?
consisting only of three segments, segment 8 being only a little broader than 7.
Prothorax widest behind middle, feebly sinuate before base, puncturation rather
dense and coarse. Elytrum punctate-striate, lateral stripes distinct. Prosternum
punctured all over, abdominal segments 1-3 impressed in d, anal sternite convex
in 6, the apical margin rounded in both sexes. Foretibia dilated at apex into
a single large tooth in ¢, slightly dilated in ¢.
Length, 8 to 11 mm.
Hab, Calcutta,
Three dd, two ? &.
52. Basitropis affinis spec. nov.
3%. In shape and colour similar to Zwtosus, the luteous pubescence denser and
the brown median space on the elytrum larger. Rostrum as in dutosus, mesially
grooved in basal half. Antenna of ¢ dilated from segment 7, segment 8 twice as
broad as long, segments 9 to 11 broader and shorter than in dutosws, in which the
club consists of only three segments ; antenna of ? with a club of three segments,
but segment 8 also dilated, being decidedly broader than in dwtosus, as are segments
9 and 10. Prothorax and elytram similar in stracture to those of dutosus, but
shorter; puncturation much feebler than in /amata, being obsolescent laterally
on the elytram. Prosternum smooth anteriorly in middle. Abdomen mesially
impressed in 6, last segment sinuate, the sinus also distinct in 2. Tibiae of 3
not long-hairy as they are in /ztosus ; anterior tibia curved, slightly but distinctly
dilated at apex on inner side, the dilatation much feebler than in hamata.
Length, 8 to 12 mm.
Hab, Andaman Is., a series ; also from Sumatra and Celebes.
The ¢ is easily distinguished from dutosus by the tibiae and antenna; but
the $ 2 of the two species come so close that it requires careful comparison to find
the differences in the antenna. We have /utosus from Luzon and Sambawa.
53. Basitropis ingratus (1859) Pascoe.
3%. Short and stout. Brown-black, sparsely spotted with a luteous grey
pubescence, which forms « subbasal and a subapical band on the elytra, both bands
being much broken and the proximal one generally separated into dots; tibiae
grey, with a large brown patch at the base. Rostrum and head densely and very
coarsely punctured ; the former very short, with a mesial groove at the base.
Antenna short, rufescent, segment 8 wider than 7 in both sexes, especially in 3,
( 433 )
but much narrower than 9. Prothorax broader than long, widest in or before
middle ; puncturation finer and less dense than that of head. Hlytra very
strongly punctate-striate from base to apex. Legs peculiar in both sexes, the
fore- and hindtibiae being dilated at end on the upperside into a triangular
projection ; first segment of tarsi very short.
Length, 6 to 7 mm.
Hab. Queensland, from various places ; West Australia.
54. Basitropis maculata spec. nov.
?. Black-brown ; a superciliary stripe on head, prolonged to apex of rostrum,
a thin mesial spot on occiput, a widely interrupted mesial vitta and several dots
on pronotum, a spot behind shoulder of elytram, a short basal dash in third
interspace, a transverse spot behind middle, a discal spot before apex and a
sutural spot before middle, besides a number of minute dots, on underside a lateral
spot on prosternum, another at apex of metasternum, a lateral spot on segments
1 to 4 of abdomen, and apex of fifth segment luteous grey. Legs also Inteous
grey, upperside of femora, and a large ring between middle and apex of tibiae
brown. Club of antenna Inteous grey.
Rostrum and head coarsely punctured ; the former not quite twice as broad
as long, with a very thin interrupted mesial carina. Club of antenna consisting
of three segments, but segment 8 also somewhat dilated (?). Prothorax very
coarsely and densely punctured, broadest at base, as long as broad, slightly sinuate
before base. Punctate stripes of elytrum distinct. Prosternum with large
punctures all over, except at meral suture, which extends from coxal cavity
upwards.
Length, 9 mm.
Hab. Pengalengan, West Java, 4000 ft. (Fruhstorfer, 1893).
One ?.
Resembles pardalis (1895) Jord., of which I know only a d, but is very
different in pattern.
55. Basitropis humeralis spec. nov.
?. Brown-black ; antenna, tibiae and tarsi rufescent. Upperside with the
following luteous grey markings : a stripe along eye, a short mesial line on occiput,
another at apex of pronotum, three lateral dots on pronotum, namely one apical and
two median, an irregular subbasal patch near shoulder of elytrum, three small
marginal dots from basal fourth to middle, a narrow band of confluent dots before
apical declivity, some confluent dots before apex, and a few tiny dots dispersed over
the elytrum. On the underside, the pubescence of the middle of the sterna is
Intescent ; abdominal segments 1 to 3 with a grey lateral spot ; episternum of
metasterum also partly grey. Pubescence of legs Inteous grey, thinnest on basal
two-thirds of femora.
Rostrum twice as broad as long, densely and coarsely punctured like head,
with mesial groove at base. Antennal club consisting of three segments. Pro-
thorax half as broad again as long, very densely punctured. Stripes of elytrum not
strongly impressed, except the sutural one, the punctures small.
Length, 9 mm.
Hab. Tulagi, Solomon Is. (Woodford).
Three $ ?.
( 434 )
56. Basitropis diluta spec. nov.
3%. Brown-black ; legs and antenna rufons, middle of femora black. Upper-
and underside densely pubescent grey, the pubescence of the pronotum and of a
median area on the elytrum clay-colour, brown ground-colour almost completely
concealed, an ill-defined spot in middle of elytrum, situated within the clay area,
and shoulder-angle brown. Rostrum less than twice as broad as long, being
obviously longer than in B. peregrinus (1859) Pascoe; sides parallel; a narrow
mesial groove at base. Antenna of ¢ gradually widened from segment 7,
segments 7 and 8 distinctly asymmetrical, especially 8; club of ? with three
segments. Prothorax a little longer than broad, sides nearly parallel from base
to middle, punecturation rather fine and dispersed. Stripes of elytrum feebly
impressed, except the sutural one. Punctures of prosternum sparser anteriorly in
middle than towards the coxae. Foretibiae without distinct apical tooth. Abdomen
of d not impressed, anal segment rounded.
Length, 9 mm.
Hab. Mailu, July 1895, and Moroka, October 1895, British New Guinea
(Anthony).
One 6, two ? 2.
57. Basitropis rotundata spec. nov.
3%. Similar in colour to B. affinis. Short, upperside strongly convex.
Rostrum short ; prothorax rather strongly rounded at the sides, especially in 3 ;
tibiae simple. Antenna of ¢ gradually dilated from sezment, 7.
Length, 6 to 8 mm.
Hab. Palembang, Sumatra, type ; North Borneo, Palawan.
Nine specimens.
Easily distinguished from nitidicutis by the unicolorous tibiae.
Nore. Basitropis nitidicutis (1855) Jekel = mucidus (1859) Pascoe = dispar
(1891) Sharpe=drevis (1897) Jord.
Novirates ZooLocic#.VouL.X.19038. PI. XIII
J.G Keulemans del et lith Mintern Bros.imp
1.PYRRHOPLECTES EPAULETTA 6. 2.PACHYCEPHALA MO ROKA R.& H
8. HETEROMYIAS ARMIT'I deVis
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ir A hd
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Pl. XIV
Novirates Zootocics Vou.X. 1903.
JIG Kevlemans del et lth Nintern Bros .imp
1 EAFA MACULATA.R.&H.2.MYZOMELA BATJANENSIS Hart
8.MYZOMELA KUHNI Rothsch. 4.B1LL,from above of EAFA MACULATA
( 435 )
NOTES ON PAPUAN BIRDS.
By tHe Hoy. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D., ano ERNST HARTERT.
(Continued from Page 231.)
{For the localities mentioned in this article see the ‘“‘ Introduction ” to this series of Notes
in Nov, Zoo, 1901 pp. 55—61, and the maps, Pls. II. and III., in the same volume of this
Journal. The former portions of this series are to be found as follows: Vol. VIII. pp. 55—88
(Introduction, Pittidae, Psittaci), and pp. 102—162 (Columbae, Megapodiidae, fRallidae,
Limicolae, Alcedinidae);-anted, pp. 65—116 (Paradiseidae, Corvidae, Laniidae, Dicruridae,
Oriolidae, Artamidae, Sturnidae), and pp. 196—231 (JMeropidae, Coraciidae, Podargidae,
Caprimulgidae, Cypselidae, Campephagidae, Nectariniidae, Dicaeidae, the genus Myzomela,
Motacillidae, Sylviidae, Timeliidae). We hope to continue the subject shortly. }
(Plates XIII & XIV.)
Since the appearance of the last portion of these notes we have received one
more collection from New Guinea, 7.e. a number of skins from Avera, on the
Aroa River, to the north of Redscar Bay, north-west from Port Moresby, made by
the indefatigable collector Albert S. Meek and his brother-in-law Mr. Eichhorn.
The specimens are mentioned hereafter in their places; species of the families
formerly dealt with will be discussed in future, if they call for special remarks.
We are obliged to Dr. Julius von Madarasz, of Budapest, for the loan of some
interesting Meliphagidae, mostly from German New Guinea.
XXVI. MELIPHAGIDAE.
1. Gliciphila modesta Gray.
Glyciphila modesta G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858. pp. 174, 190 (Aru).
3%, Cedar Bay, Queensland, 16. i. 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
32, Cape York, Queensland, 18, 20..vii. 1898. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 1961,
1982.
1 2, “Australia,” 1876. Walter Chamberlain coll.
3 3d, Fergusson Island, D’Entrecasteaux group, 3, 16, 17. vi. 1897. A. 8.
Meek coll., Nos. 525, 630, 631. No. 525 : “Iris hazel, feet flesh-colour, bill brown.”
Nos. 630, 631: “ Iris dark brown, feet and bill light brown.”
1, British New Guinea, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
2 $63, Wokan, Aru Is., 4, 5. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2654, 2655.
1 3, Trangan, Aru Is., 18. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll, No. 2653. “Iris reddish
brown, feet pinkish grey, bill pale brown.”
2. Glycichaera fallax Salvad.
Glycichaera fallax Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen, xii. p. 335 (1878).
Sericornis sylvia Reichenow, J. f. 0., 1899.* p. 118 (Friedrich Wilhelmshafen).
1 2,1 sex? Dorey, October 1896, June 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris dull
white, feet slaty blue, bill brown.”
1 3,2 22%, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 34,1 ?, Takar, October, November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. Dumas coll.
* « Sericornis sylvia” is nothing but Glycichaera fallaw,
-
( 436 )
36d, 3 29%, Mysol, 11, 27, 30.i., 1, 5, 8. ii. 1900. H. Kiithn coll. (Kiihn
describes the iris as ash-grey, yellowish grey, greyish brown, black, vermilion !!)
Nos. 1821, 1988, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2022.
3.36, Sungey Bark,-Kobroor, Aru Is., 22, 26. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos. 2326, 2335. “Iris yellowish white, white, dark red.”
1 3, Wokan, Aru Is., 30. ix. 1900. H. Kithn coll., No. 2698. “Iris white.”
1 6, Friedrich Wilhelmshafen, Kaiser Wilhelmsland, 19. i. 1898. Tappenbeck
coll.
3. Glycichaera poliocephala Salvad. (?).
Glycichaera poliocephala Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 336 (1878 : Andai).
1 ¢, Milne Bay, British New Guinea, 2. 11.1899. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 2238.
“Tris light brown, feet slate-blne, bill ight brown.”
This specimen differs from our series of G. fallax in its more greyish, less olive
upper surface and more distinctly greyish chin and upper throat. The sides of
the head are lighter and more greyish.
4. Oedistoma pygmaeum Salvad.
Ocdistoma pygmacum Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 952 (1875: Arfak).
3 36d,1 2, Kapaur, December 1896, February 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris
dark brown, feet blackish grey, bill black, pale below, gape orange.”
236,1 2%, Mysol, 29, 30.1., 4.11 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2000, 2001, 2002.
“Tris brown, feet dark grey, bill black.”
1, Mt. Cameron, 8. ix. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 feet. Purchased from
Mecllwraith, 1898.
1 6, Avera, Aroa River, 25. 1.1908. A.S. Meek coll., No. A. 89. “ Tris light
brown, bill and feet slate.”
5. Oedistoma meeki (Hartert).
Anthreptes mecki Hartert, Noy. Zoot. iii. p. 239 (1896 : Fergusson Island).
Differs at a glance from Oedistoma pygmaeum by its larger size (bill and
wing), clear ash-grey head and hindneck and whitish grey throat and foreneck.
3, Fergusson Island, 6. x. 1894. A. 8. Meek coll. (type).
234,2 22, Fergusson Island, 4, 5, 22. x. 1884, ix. 1894. A.S. Meek coll.
1 3,3 29, Fergusson Island, 21. v., 2. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 334,
473, 502, 503. “Iris light brown, feet dark blue, bill black, base of mandible
light.”
1 3, Goodenough Island, 11. xii. 1896. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 40.
6. Melilestes megarhynchus (Gray).
Ptilotis megarhynchus G. R. Gray, P. Z. S. 1858. p. 174 (Aru Islands).
13,1 2,1 ?, Mysol, 4, 6, 10. ii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2004, 2010, 2041.
“ Tris orange, feet ash-grey, bill black.”
3, Momos, Waigiu, 28. x. 1883. “Length 250 mm. Iris red, tarsus blue-
grey, bill black. Ex coll Guillemard.
3, 2, Waigiu, 28. xi. 1902, 6.1. 1908. Waterstradt coll.
43d, 1 2%, Kapaur, October, December 1896, January, February 1897.
W. Doherty coll. “ Iris orange, feet blue-grey, bill black.”
( 437 )
1, Andai. (Ex Bruijn.)
266, Mt. Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3, Terfia, October, 1896. W. Doherty coll.
3466,1 ?, Takar, October, November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Mt. Maori, January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
1 2, Stephansort, 15. xii. 1898. E. Nyman coll.
1 3, Milne Bay, 18. ili. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2389. “ Iris reddish
brown, feet slate-blue, bill black.”
1, British New Guinea, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
3 ad. 1 jun., Upper Aroa River, 3000—7000 feet, August, September 1899.
KE. Weiske coll.
1 juv., Mt. Victoria, 5000—7000 feet, April—June 1896. Native coll.
3, Wokan, Aru Island, 7. x. 1900. H. Kiibn coll. ‘“TIvis orange-red, feet
greyish blue, bill black.”
1, Wokan, Aru Is., 2. vi., 1896. C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
1 3, Sungey Bark, Kobroor, 27. viii. 1900. H. Kithn coll.
1 6, Wanambai, Kobroor, 2. ix. 1900. H. Kiibn coll.
1, Wanambai, Kobroor, 1. vii. 1896. C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
1 6,2 $2, Avera, Aroa River, 21. i., 2. ii, 21. iti. 1903. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. A 33, 178, 444. “Iris reddish yellow, feet slate-blue, bill vandyke-brown.”
7. Melilestes novaeguineae (Less.)
Cinnyris novaeguineae Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Zool. i. p. 677 (1828: Dorey).
4$64,2 2%, Mysol, 17, 18, 29.i., 4. ii, 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1823, 1826,
1985, 1987, 1990, 1992. “ Iris coffee-brown, feet ashy, bill black.”
1, Waigiu. Guillemard coll.
1“ 9,” Waigiu, 1. xii. 1902. Waterstradt coll.
3 3d,1 2, Ansus, Jobi, April—May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 g,1 ¢, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 ?, Keboi, Jobi, November 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘Iris chestnut, feet
greyish blue, bill blackish.”
7 33,6 2%, Kapaur, December 1896, January, February 1897. W. Doherty
coll.
3 3d,2 2%, Dorey, October 1896, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
236, Arfak, April 1875, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 3g, Tana Mera, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1, Mt. Maori, January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
1 6, Fly River, 10. vii. 1877. D’Alberti’s coll., No- 288.
3 3d, Sungey Bark, Kobroor, 24, 26, 27. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2375,
2378, 2380.
2 33,1 2, Wokan, Aru Is., 26, 27. ix., 1. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos.
2660, 2661, 2663.
1 ?, Wokan, Aru Is., 2. vi. 1896. ©. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
1 3, Trongan, Aru Is., 14. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2662.
8. Melilestes polioptera Sharpe.
Melilestes polioptera Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. xvi. pp. 318, 438 (1882; “ Astrolabe Mts.”).
3 ad., 1 juv., Hafa district, 1898, British New Guinea, “ 1000—3000 ft.” A. S.
Anthony coll.
( 438 )
1 d,1 2, Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft. A.S. Anthony coll. “Tris brown, feet light
brown, bill black.”
1, Upper Aroa River, 3000—7000 ft., August—September 1899. EH. Weiske
coll,
@ ad., 1 2 juv., Avera, Aroa River, 24, 25. i. 1903. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos.
A 73, 88. “Iris brown, feet and bill black.”
9. Melilestes iliolophus iliolophus Salvad.
Melilestes iliolophus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii, p. 951 (1875: Miosnom).
Melilestes affinis, l.c. p. 952 (1875 : Arfak).
On comparison of our specimens, of six specimens from Dutch New Guinea,
ten from British New Guinea and two from Jobi, it appears to us impossible
to corroborate Count Salvadori’s alleged differences between J. tliolophus and
affinis. We have, however, no specimens from Miosnom.
1 6, 1 9%, Ansus, Jobi, April—May 1897. W. Doherty coll. ‘Iris deep
chestnut, feet slaty blue, bill black, gape lemon-yellow.”
24646,1 2,1 2 ?, Arfak. Bruijn coll. 1879.
2, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
3 od, 1 %, Avera, Aroa River, Brit. New Guinea, 17, 23, 28. i. 1903.
A. S. Meek coll., Nos. A 66, 241, 277, 326. “Tris light brown, feet slate-
blue, bill black.”
2, British New Guinea, 1898. Emil Weiske coll.
1 2, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft. E. Weiske coll.
2 $3,1 2, Mt. Cameron, 7000 ft., August—September 1896. A. 8. Anthony
coll. “Iris brown, feet pale blue, bill black.”
10: Melilestes iliolophus fergussonis Hart.
Melilestes fergussonis Hartert, Nov. Zoot. iii, p. 237 (1896 : Fergusson Island).
1 3g, Fergusson Island, October 1894. A.S. Meek coll., No. 15. (7ype.)
235,299, Fergusson Island, October 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
?, Fergusson Island, 6. vi. 1897. A.S. Meek coll., No. 560.
3, Goodenough Island, 4. xii. 1897. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 72.
11. Melilestes spec. ?
1 3, Mafor, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
This female is immature, but differs considerably from J. novaeguineae, to
which it may belong. It is, however, in such bad condition that it is impossible
to identify it satisfactorily.
12. Melipotes gymnops gymnops Scl.
Melipotes gymnops Sclater, P. Z. S, 1873. p. 695. Pl, 56 (Hatam, Arfak).
6 63,1 9, Arfak, 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens #4, m, v, y, 2, g, & of
Salvadori’s list on p. 318 of vol. ii. Orn. Pap. ete.
3 29, Hatam, Arfak, 23. 26. vi., 4. vii, 1875. Beecari coll. (Specimens
tf’, p'; & of Salvadori’s list, p. 318, ¢.c.)
2 99, Hatam, 1879. Bruijn coll,
- ( 439 )
2 d juv., without exact locality. (? Arfak.)
1 ad., 1 juv., without exact locality. (? Arfak.)
1 3, without exact locality. (? Arfak.)
3, Arfak. Burke coll.
13. Melipotes gymnops fumigatus Mey.
Melipotes fumigatus Meyer, Zeitschr. f. ges. Orn. iii, p. 22 (1886 : « Hufeisengebirge ”).
Melipotes atriceps Grant, Bull, B. O, Club v. p. 15 (December 1895: Owen Stanley Mts.). (Very
poor description, more a hindrance than an aid to science.)
6 ad., 1 jav., Owen Stanley Mts., 3000—7000 ft., 1896—1897. Native coll.
3 3d, 2 2%, 2 sex?, Mt. Cameron, 5000—7000 ft., 1896. A. S. Anthony
coll. “Iris dark red, feet pale blue, bill black.”
1 ad., Mt. Scratchley. A.S. Anthony coll.
1 ¢, Avera, Aroa River, 7. iii. 1903. A. S. Meek coll., No. A 380.
“Tris dark reddish brown, feet pale chalky blue, bill black.”
14. Melidectes torquatus torquatus Scl.
Melidectes torquatus Sclater, P. Z. S. 1873. p. 694. Pl. 55 (Arfak).
1 “9,” Arfak. From Bruijn’s hunters. ‘ No. 14.”
1 without locality, but evidently from Bruijn’s hunters.
15. Melidectes torquatus emilii Mey.
Melidectes emilii Meyer, Zeitschr. yes. Orn. iti, p. 22 (1886 : “ Hufeisengebirge ").
1, Hunstein coll. (marked “ Typus ” in the author’s own handwriting).
1, “ No. 130,” Goldie coll.
1 without label.
3,1 3, British New Guinea.
2 $d, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—7000 ft, August 1896.
A. 8. Anthony coll. “Iris brown, feet pale blue, bill blue.”
3 36, 3 2%, Avera, Aroa River, 23, 30, 31. i. 1908, 4, 17. i. 1903.
A. S. Meek coll., Nos. A 54, 55, 159, 160, 355, 428. “Iris dark brown, feet
slaty blue, bill chalky blue.”
16. Melirrhophetes leucostephes Mey.
Melirrhophetes leucostephes A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. Ak. Wissensch. Wien xx. p. 110 (Arfak).
7, without locality. Bruijn’s preparation.
1 ¢, Hatam, Arfak, 6. vii. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4% of Salvadori’s
list in Orn. Pap. i. p. 320).
13,4 2?, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
17. Melirrhophetes ochromelas ochromelas Mey.
Melirrhophetes ochromelas Meyer, l.c. p. 111 (Arfak).
1, Arfak. From Bruijn’s hunters.
1, without label, seems to approach M. 0. batesi in the colour of the supra-ocular
stripe and tips of the ear-coverts.
1, Ambernch River. J. M. Dumas coll, Also approaching M. o. batesi.
( 440 )
18. Melirrhophetes ochromelas batesi Sharpe.
Melirrhophetes batesi Sharpe, Nature vol. 34, p. 340 (1886: British New Guinea) ; Sharpe in
Gould’s B. N. Guinea pt. xxii. Pl. X. (1886).
1 6,2 22, Avera, Aroa River, 1, 27. ii. 1908. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. A 118,
170, 312; No. A 170 (2). Has the supra-ocular stripe as pale as in MW. 0. ochromelas.
A bigger series might prove J. o. batesi to be imaginary.
3, Mt. Owen Stanley, 3000—7000 ft., 18941895.
1, “ Mt. Cameron, 5000 —6000 ft.”
13,1 ¢, Aroa River, 4000 ft., August 1899. HE. Weiske coll. “ Iris black,
feet white, bill pale blue.” ;
19. Melirrhophetes belfordi De Vis.
Melirrhophetes belfordi De Vis, Ann. Rep. Brit New Guinea 1889 (Birds) p. 3 (1890 : Mt. Knutsford)
(cf, Noy. Zoou. 1897. p. 369).
1 3, Hafa district, 5000—6000 ft., October 1895, A. 8S. Anthony coll. “ Iris
brown, feet grey, bill dark brown.”
1 6, Oriori district. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3, between Mts. Musgrave and Scratchley, 5000—6000 ft. A. S. Anthony coll.
1 3, Mt. Cameron, 6500 ft., 2. viii, 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 ?, Mt. Cameron. Native coll.
13, 12%, Mt. Owen Stanley, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896. A. S.
Anthony coll.
4 $d, Mt. Owen Stanley, 3000—5000 ft. Native coll. 1897.
20. Melirrhophetes fusca (De Vis).
Acanthochoera fusca De Vis, Ann, Rep. Brit. New Guinea for July 1896—1897 (Birds) p. 86
(1898; Mt. Seratchley) (cf. Nov. Zoou. 1897. p. 369).
2, Mt. Scratchley. A. 8S. Anthony coll.
2, between Mts. Musgrave and Scratchley. A. 8. Anthony coll.
269, Mt. Knutsford, 11,000 ft., August 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll. “ Eye,
bill and feet black.
1, Mt. Knutsford, 11,000 ft.
5, Mt. Owen Stanley, 3000—5000 ft. Native coll. 1897.
21. Stigmatops argentauris (Finsch).
Piilotis argentauris Finsch, Abh, Nat. Ver. Bremen ii. p. 364 (1870 ; locality uncertain !)
Our examples from the Arn Islands are certainly quite different from
S. ocularis, which also occurs on the Aru Islands, as shown by the specimens
in the British Museum. The specimens from Aru before us seem to agree perfectly
with Dr. Finsch’s diagnosis.
3 ad., Manien, Aru Is., 19. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., No. 347. “Iris
coffee-brown, feet plumbeous, bill black.”
3? jun., Afara, Barkai I., Aru §.E., 25. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., Nos.
351, 352.
& jun., Wokan, 7. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2729.
3% jun., Dobbo, Aru, Febraary 1897. W. Doherty coll.
(441)
22, Ptilotis analoga analoga Rchb.
Ptilotis analoga Reichenbach, Handb, Spee. Orn. “Meropinae,” p. 103. tab. 467 (1852. Ex
Hombron & Jacq. “ Ptilotis analogue.” Voy. Pole Sud, Pl, XVII).
39%, Ramoi, New Guinea, 5, 9. ii. 1875. Beceari coll. (Specimens ¢, w of
the list of specimens in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 329.)
3, May 1877, Amberbaki. Laglaize coll. (Ex Bruijn.)
1, Dutch New Guinea. From Bruijn’s hunters.
@, ‘ Cote septentr., 136° 30’—137° long.” Bruijn coll.
233,329, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris deep brown, feet
slaty-blue, claws black, bill blackish.”
2 33,3 2%, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
3 66,1 %, Kapaur, November—December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
9, Batanta, July 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 7’ of the list in Orn. Pap. il.
p. 329.)
3, Tana Mera, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 34,1 %, Ron I., November 1896, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, Terfia L., October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
336,4 2%, Mysol, Jannary 1900, H. Kithn coll., Nos. 1827—1882, 1931.
2 99, Simbang, German New Guinea, 6. viii. 1899. E. Nyman coll. “ Iris
weiss” (!) (Both marked “ No. 37.”)
9, Ansus, Jobi, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen »’ of the list in Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 329.)
3 63,4 2%, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, Hall Bay, British New Guinea, 10. vii. 1875. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen
o” in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 330.)
3, Nicnra, Lix coll., 22. vii. 1897.
3, Kotoi district, British New Guinea, August 1898. A.S. Anthony coll.
2, Dobbo, Aru, June 1896. C. Webster coll.
3, Giabu lengan, Aru Is., 22. vi. 1873. Beecari coll.
296, Sungey Bark, Arn Is., 21, 24. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2061,
2399.
1 3, Dobbo, Aru Is., 14. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2356.
2 $3, Wanambai, Aru Is., 31. viti. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2357, 2359.
1d, 229%, Wokan, Aru Is., September, October 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos, 2642, 2643, 2644.
2 $4, Trangan, Aru Is., 13, 19, ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2640, 4647.
1, Cedar Bay, 1, Bartle Frere Mts., 4, Cape York, 6, Sudest I.
1 dg, Kapaur, February 1897, W. Doherty coll. Aberration with white
auricular patch.
23. Ptilotis analoga orientalis A. B. Mey.
Plilotis orientalis A, B. Meyer, J. f. O. 1894, p. 92 (S.E. New Guinea, exact locality not known).
2, Mt. Cameron, 6500—-7000 ft., July—August 1896, A. 8. Anthony coll.
4, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range. B. Weiske coll.
“2 83,3 99,” Avera, Aroa River, January—March 1903. A. 8. Meek coll.,
Nos. A 27, 71, 72, 200, 392. ‘Iris light grey (dark brown), feet blue slate (pale
slate), bill black.”
Ptilotis analoga orientalis is clearly a subspecies of Pt. analoga analoga,
though differing conspicuously by its spotted undersurface.
( 442 )
Sharpe (Zool. Coll. H.M.S. Alert, p. 19) hasfirst differentiated between what
he ealled P. analoga and P. notata, and one of us (Noy. Zoor. 1898. p. 527,
1899. p. 426) found them quite confirmed in the Tring Museum. It was, however,
a mistake (as suggested by one of us in Noy. Zoon. 1898. p. 527) to accept the
uames analoga and notata for them, because the “ Ptilotis analogue” of Hombron
& Jacquinot on which Ptilotis analoga of Reichenbach and Ptilotis similis
Jacquinot & Pneheran are based, is doubtless the form with slenderer bill, unspotted
rump, and square yellow anricular patch, xotata thus becoming a synonym of the
same. The bird formerly called analoga by Sharpe (and by one of us in Noy.
Zoot. 1898) has no name. It is, however, closely allied to P. aruensis Sharpe,
with which it agrees in the short, wide bill, black-spotted romp and general
appearance, only the auricular patch is strongly elongated. We believe it to be a
subspecies of azwensis, and we will therefore call it P. aruensis sharpe?.
24. Ptilotis aruensis aruensis Sharpe.
Ptilotis aruensis Sharpe in Zool, Coll, Aert p. 19 (1884: Aru).
3%, Sungey Bark, Kabroor, Aru Is., 22. viii, 20. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
“Tris brownish grey (greyish brown), feet dark ash-grey (steel-grey), bill black.”
Bill short and wide at base. Rump with dusky spots. Auricular patch
square.
25. Ptilotis aruensis sharpei subsp. nov.
Ptilotis analoga Sharpe in Zool. Coll, Aert p. 19 (1884); Hartert, Noy. Zoon. 1898. p. 527, but
not P. analoga Rchb, !
6, Arfak, from Bruijn’s hunters.
3, Batanta, June 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen c’ of the list of specimens
of Prilotis analoga in Orn. Pap. ete. ii. p. 329.)
?, Batanta, 30. vi. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen @’ of the list of specimens
of Ptilotis analoga in Orn. Pap. ete. ii. p. 329.)
3, Waigiu, 13. i., 18. ii. 19038. Waterstradt coll.
1, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris deep brown, feet slaty blue,
claws blackish. Bill blackish, gape ochreous.”
3, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. (Type of P. a. sharpei.)
3, Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
5 6%, Fergusson I., D’Entrecasteaux group, September—November 1894.
A. S. Meek coll.
do, Fergusson I., 5. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., No. 540.
2 22, Goodenough I., D’Entrecasteaux group, li, 12. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 38, 49.
The Budapest Museum has it from Erima in German New Guinea.
Differs from P. analoga analoga (= notata) in its shorter and wider bill,
elongated instead of square auricular yellow patch, the ramp being varied with
dusky, lateral rump-feathers tipped with white. Differs from P. aruensis aruensis
in the elongated auricular yellow tuft !
26. Ptilotis montana Salvad.
Ptilotis montana Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ, Gen, xvi. p. 77 (1880—Arfak mountains).
2, from unknown locality. Bruiju’s skins.
1 3, Kapaur, January 1897. W. Doherty coll.
There can be no doubt, in our opinion, that Ptilotis albonotata Salvadori is
( 443 )
merely an aberration of P. analoga analoga with white instead of yellow auricular
patch. Not only is there no other difference between the two supposed species,
but they occur together, and we have several examples with a yellowish white or
whitish yellow auricular patch, and have a specimen with yellow auricular feathers
tipped with white.
The case is different with P. montana. Its distribution is not quite clear,
as Doherty obtained it at Kapaur, where also the so-called P. albonotata, an
aberration of P. analoga, was collected. Salvadori, however, mentions P. montana
only from the Arfak mountains, while azaloga was the form he had from the
Arfak coast. As it is we must recognise P. montana as distinct, differing from
P.analoga analoga in its deeper and more olive upperside and wings and white
or very pale whitish sulphur yellow, not bright yellow, auricular patch.
27. Ptilotis versicolor versicolor Gould.
Ptilotis versicolor Gould, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1842. p. 136 (Australia).
2 ad., “ Torres Straits.”
28. Ptilotis versicolor sonoroides Gray.
Ptilotis sonoroides G. R. Gray, P. ZS, 1861. p. 428 (Waigiu).
3? ad. d jun., Yamna I., October 1886. W. Doherty coll. “Iris dark
brown, feet iron-grey, bill black, gape yellowish.”
?, Karanton I. (near Sorong), 27. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen g of
Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ete. ii. 335).
3, “ Mysol” (bought from Whitely).
5 withont locality, but evidently from Bruijn’s hunters.
1 without label, preparation unknown.
29. Ptilotis flavescens germana Rams.
Ptilotis germana Ramsay, Proc. Linn, Soc. N.S. Wales iii. pp. 2, 39 (1878).
1 ad., Laroki R., 8.E. New Guinea. O.C. Stone coll.
30. Ptilotis salvadorii Hart.
Ptilotis salvadorii Hartert, Noy. Zoov. iii. p. 531 (1896—Owen Stanley Mts.).
Ptilotis lacrimans De Vis, [bis 1897. p. 352 (Mt. Seratchley and Wharton Range).
1 ad., Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896.
(Type.)
3, Mountains of the Kotoi district, 11,000 ft., August 1898. A. S. Anthony
coll.
1 ad., Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range, 5000-—7000 ft.
3, Aroa River, 4000 ft., August 1899. KH. Weiske coll. “Iris brown, feet
yellow, bill black.”
2, between Mts. Musgrave and Sceratchley, 5000—6000 ft. British New
Guinea.
31. Ptilotis praecipua Hart.
Ptilotis praecipua Hartert, Nov. Zoot, iv. p. 370 (1897—between Mts. Musgrave and Scratchley).
(?) Ptilotis perstriata De Vis, Rep. Brit. N, Guinea for 1896-7. p. 86 (1898: Wharton Range),
3 ad., between Mts. Musgrave and Scratchley, 5000—6000 ft. A. S. Anthony
coll. (Lype).
( 444 )
1, Upper Aroa River, 8000—7000 ft., August—September 1899. KE. Weiske
coll,
2, probably from Mt. Goyata, certainly Weiske’s prepar.
3, Avera, Aroa River, 27. iii. 1903. A. 8. Meek coll., No. A 308). ‘Iris
cloudy-yellow, feet chalky-blue, bill black.”
2, Mt. Knutsford, “11,000 ft.,” 18. viii. 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1, Moroka district, 83000—6000 ft.
1, Mt. Owen Stanley, 1897, 83000—5000 ft.
2 32, between Mts. Musgrave and Seratehley, 5000—6000 ft. A. 8.
Anthony coll.
32. Ptilotis cinerea Scl.
Ptilotis cinerea Sclater, P, Z. S. 1873. p. 693 (Arfak : typ. loc. Hatam).
Piilotis marmorata Sharpe, Journ. Linn, Soe. London xvi. p. 438 (1882: Astrolabe Mts., Goldie
coll.).
Ptilotis marmorata is the same as P. cinerea. The specimens with unspotted
undersurface are immature. This is distinctly shown by one of our specimens,
which has a uniform underside, while a fresh-growing feather shows the broad
whitish tip. The figure on Pl. IV. Cat. B. Brit. Mus, ix. is shocking, as it
represents blackish instead of whitish feather-tips on the breast.
2 2 imm., Arfak. Bruijn coll.
limm., Arfak. Bruijn coll.
1 ad. without label, but evidently Bruijn’s coll., probably Arfak.
2 ad., Mountains of British New Guinea. Purchased from Mellwraith in
London. Weiske’s skins.
1 nearly ad., “Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000. ft.” Purchased
from Mellwraith in London.
1 ad., “ Upper Brown River.” Purchased from Mellwraith in London.
? ad., Kotoi district, 4000 ft., 16. viii. 1898. A. 8S. Anthony coll.
1 ad., Moroka district, 3000—6000 ft. Purchased from MelIlwraith in London.
436,299, Avera, Aroa River, January 1903. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. A 16,
17, 61, 93, 119, 143. “Iris bluish grey (dirty ivory, ashy), bill black, feet light
blue-slate (bluish slate).”
33. Ptilotis plumbea Salvad.
Ptilotis plumbea Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ, Gen. (2) xiv. p. 151 (1894).
4, Aroa River. Emil Weiske coll.
2, probably from Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range. E. Weiske coll.
(preparation ).
34. Ptilotis chrysotis chrysotis (Less.).
Philedon chrysotis Lesson, Voy. Coqu. Zool, i, p. 645. Pl. 21 bis (Dorey) (1826—1828).
9, Dorey, March 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 4 of Salvadori’s list, Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 347.)
4 3d, Dorey, October 1896, June 1897. W. Doherty coll. “ Tris sepia,
feet bluish grey, bill black.”
9, Arfak, 1. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen w in Salvadori’s list, Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 347.)
( 445 )
%, Andai, 7. iv. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen 7 of Salvadori’s list, Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 347.)
d (?), Andai, 1872. D’Albertis coll. From spirits! (Specimen ; of
Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 347.)
1, Andai. From Bruijn’s hunters.
2 dd, Mansinam, May 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens l, m of Salvadori’s
list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 347.)
?, Wa Samson, 26. ii. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen d@’ of Salvadori’s list,
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 348.)
3 ¢, Mysol, 23. i.,11. ii. 1900. H. Kihn coll., Nos. 1932, 2040.
73,2 %%, Kapaur, December 1896, January—February 1897, W. Doherty
coll.
1, not quite ad., shows wide rufous edges to the wing-coverts.
1, quite young, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899.
39. Ptilotis chrysotis fusciventris (Salvad.).
Xantholis fusciventris Salvadori, Amn. Mus. Civ. vii. p. 947 (1875 : Batanta),
%, Momos, Waigin, 27. x. 1883. H. Guillemard coll. “Iris brown, bill
black, tarsus greyish blue.”
3, Waigiu, November—December 1902, J. Waterstradt coll.
36. Ptilotis chrysotis filigera Gould.
Ptilotis filigera Gould, P. Z. S. 1850. p. 278. Pl. 34 (N. Australia),
3, “ Cape York.”
3%, Cape York, 21, 28. vii. 1898. A. S. Meek coll. “Iris brown, feet
slate, vill black.”
We know typical filigera only from North Queensland.
37. Ptilotis chrysotis saturatior subsp. nov.
Exactly like P. c. filigera from Cape York, but the upperside, especially the
crown, of a deeper tint, the abdomen slightly browner and less distinetly spotted,
with pale buffy tips to the feathers, and generally a deeper blackish line under
the eyes.
3%, Wanambai, Kobroor, 1, 2. ix. 1900. H. Kihn coll., d, No. 2425 (type
of P. f. saturatior !); ?%, No. 2426.
%, Sungey Bark, Kobroor, Aru Islands, 26. viii, 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
No. 2428.
3%, Wokan, 26. ix. 4. x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 200, 201. “ Tris
blackish brown, feet bright bluish ash-grey, bill black.”
3, Trangan, Aru Is., 16. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 260.
1, Wanambai, 22. vi, 1896. Capt. Webster coll., 193. (From spirits !)
2, Wokan, Aru Is. Beccari coll. (Nos. /’, g of Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ii.
p- 346.) (From spirits !)
38. Ptilotis chrysotis visi Hartert.
Ptilotis visi Hartert, Noy. Zoox. iii. p. 15 (1896: Mailu district).
1“ 4,” Mailu district, Brit. New Guinea, July—August 1895. “Bye dark
brown, feet grey, beak black.” A. S. Authony coll. (Type!)
31
( 446 )
, Mailu district, Jaly—August 1895. A. 8. Anthony coll.
2 2%, Oriori district, British New Guinea, 10.1, 2. ii. 1896. A. S. Anthony
es)
vo
3d, 2 22, Milne Bay, January--Febrnary 1899. A. 8. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2192, 2276, 2294, 2320.
2 36, Fly River, June 1876. D’Albertis coll.
3%, Hall Bay, 8S. New Guinea, 10, 11. v. 1875. D’Albertis & Tomasinelli
coll. (Specimens g, 7 of Salvadori’s list of “ Xanthotis filigera,” Orn. Pap. ii.
p- 346.)
3 od, Naiabui, August—September, 1877. D’Albertis and Tomasinelli
coll. (Specimens w, v, « of Salvadori’s list of “ Xanthotis filigera” in Orn. Pap. ii.
p. 346.
?, Nicura, 21. vii. 1893. Lix coll.
1, “Pt. Moresby.” Goldie coll., Gerrard’s label.
1, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft. Purchased from Mellwraith
in London.
1 go, 2 29, Avera, Aroa River, 28. i., 28. ii., 9. iii, 1908. A. S. Meek
coll. “Iris brown, bill black, feet blue-slate.”
The specimens from the Fly River, from Hall Bay, Naiabui, Nicura,
Mt. Gayata and from the Aroa River have darker heads, darker moustaches
and a much less rufous tinge on the upperside and wings. All the rufous
specimens, however, show by their wide cinnamon edges to the remiges and
rectrices that they are more or less immature. In several of our specimens,
where these edges are wide and conspicuous, fresh feathers appearing are dark
brown without cinnamon outer edges, exactly as in the birds from the Fly
River, Hall Bay, Naiabui, Nicura and Mt. Gayata.
39. Ptilotis chrysotis madaraszi subsp. nov.
Differs from the adult P. c¢. visi by the conspicuous black line running
from the base of the lower jaw under the eyes to the ear-coverts, a generally
larger bill and wing.
It inhabits the coast of the Huon Gulf in Southern Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land.
é ad., Simbang, 7. ix. 1899. EH. Nyman coll. (Zype.)
2964,1 %,Simbang, August 1899. KE. Nyman coll.
The Hungarian National Museum in Budapest has a specimen from Simbang,
collected by Biro.
40. Ptilotis chrysotis meyeri (Salvad.).
Ptilotis meyeri Salvadori, Ann, Mus. Civ. vii. p. 947 (1875 : Jobi).
1 3, Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
8 3d, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll,
3 33,2 22, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
It reaches as far as Friedrich Wilhelmshafen and Hrima in German New
Guinea. Biro coll., Mus. Budapest.
J ad., Stephansort, 20. xii. 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
The bills of the Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land examples are partly, but not all,
rather larger.
( 447 )
Our new P. ¢. madaraszi is so near to meyeri, and connects the latter so
stupendously with P. ¢. visi, that we must put meyer? as a subspecies of
filigera. P. c. meyer? differs from P. ¢. madaraszi (adult) by the more greyish
underside, inconspicuous blackish line under the eyes and somewhat less powerful
bill. The young of P. c. meyeri (?and P. c. madaraszi) are like the adult, only
with broad rufous edges to wings and tail, but not all over rufous.
41. Ptilotis spilogaster Grant.
Ptilotis spilogaster Grant, Ibis 1896. p. 251 (“ Port Moresby ” ? errore).
3 2, Fergusson Island, October 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
3$?, Fergusson Island, 10, 13. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 588, 601.
“Tris brown, feet pale blue-slate (light chalky blue), bill black.”
3, Goodenough Island, D’Entrecasteaux group, 12. xii. 1896. A. 8. Meek
coll., No. 46.
Mr. Grant described P. spélogaster from two specimens collected by Mr. A.
Goldie, said to be from Port Moresby and the Astrolabe Mountains. Considering
the numerous errors in the localities indicated on the specimens collected by
Mr. Goldie, and that the only certain localities known for P. spilogaster are
Fergusson and Goodenough, we are convinced that this form is entirely confined
to the D’Entrecasteanx Is.
The very wide stripe beyond the eye and spotted abdomen make P. spilogaster
a very conspicuous form.
42. Ptilotis polygramma Gray.
Ptilotis polygrommu Gray, P.Z.S. 1861. p. 429 (Waigiu).
2 33,1 2%, December 1902. J. Waterstradt coll.
2 $d, 3 2? (all more or less immature), January 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos. 1795, 1805, 1890, 1891, 2018.
1 Mt. Victoria, Owen Stanley Range, 5000—7000 ft., April—June 1896
(Nat. coll).
1 3, Suku, British New Guinea, 31. viii. 1898. A. S. Anthony coll.
1 2, Oriori, British New Guinea, 15. i. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 ?, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 3000 ft., 16. viii, 1896. A. S
Anthony coll.
5, Mt. Gayata, Richardson Range, 2000—4000 ft. E. Weiske coll.
236d, 2 2%, 2 juv., Avera, Aroa River, 17, 21, 23. i. 1903. A. 8.
Meek coll., Nos. A 21, 22, 24, 29, 65, 242.
1, Ambernoh River. J. Damas coll.
1, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. Damas coll.
The Budapest Museum received it from the Sattelberg, in German New
Guinea,
This pretty little bird differs in style of coloration from all other forms of
the genus Ptilotis. We have not, however, attempted to separate it, because
there do not seem to be important structural differences. We have also not
separated Xanthotis from Ptilotis, because if this is done some more splitting
becomes necessary, as the species with fully feathered sides of the head (cinerea,
plumbea, praecipua, finschi, and others) would have to be separated with even
more reason from Ptilotis or Nanthotis than these two latter genera from each
other.
( 448 )
43. Ptilotis finschi spec. nov.
Above warm brown with the feathers darker in the middle, ramp somewhat
brighter and more uniform, feathers of crown very dark in the centre, edged
with olive-brown. Rectrices brown with rufous-olive borders, inner webs below
with cinnamon edges. Wings warm brown, outwardly edged with yellowish
olive, inwardly very widely bordered with bright cinnamon. Under wing-coverts
bright cinnamon. Under surface brown, throat and middle of underside paler,
more yellowish brown. Wing 933, tail 76, tarsus 23:1, bill only 16 mm. The
small bill, entirely feathered sides of head, and absence of any yellow spots
behind the ear-coverts and any elongated feathers there, make this bird very
conspicuous. In its general build and these characters it agrees with P.
Sulvocinerea and proxima (which may be the same?), which we do not possess,
but the colour is quite different.
One specimen from the mountains of British New Guinea, Weiske’s
preparation, purchased from Mellwraith and MeHacharn in London. (Type.)
A skin from Milne Bay in the Leyden Museum seems to belong to this
same species, which is named in honour of Dr. Otto Finsch.
44. Kafa maculata gen. et spec. nov. (PI. XIV., fig. 1.)
Eafa gen. nov.
Differs from P¢élotis and allied genera by the form of its bill, which is
not longer than the head and very wide, not ranning into a sharp point, but
rounded off, just before the tip, with a small indentation on each side (see figure
on Pl. XIV.) Nostrils in a long groove reaching nearly to the middle of the
bill, protected by a soft operculum. The culmen is nearly straight for its basal
half, well curved at its distal half. First primary tapering, not quite half
the length of the second, which is 1 em. shorter than the third; the fourth
and fifth are about 2 mm. longer than the third, about equal, and form the
tip of the wing. Tail very slightly rounded off, about two-sevenths of the length
of the wing. Feet strong, tarsus long. Coloration peculiar.
Eafa maculata spec. nov.
Bill Gn skin) brown. Upperside deep olive-brown, -with brownish white
fringes to the feathers of the head aud neck, and somewhat triangular whitish
tips to those of the back, rump and tail-coverts; the rump is slightly more
greenish and more uniform, the whitish tips being less distinct, the upper
tail-coverts much more greenish. Wing-coverts dark brown with greenish edges
and faint whitish tips. Quills dark brown with yellowish green outer edges
and whitish inner borders. Rectrices deep brown with greenish outer borders,
the outermost pair with a large white patch, about 12 mm. long, on the inner
web, and a small white tip, the next three pairs with white tips, decreasing in
extent from 6 to 2 mm. Underside dark olive-brown with large, more or
less roundish, white tips to the feathers, under tail-feathers dark olive-brown
with wide whitish borders and tips. Under wing-coverts and axillaries white
with dark brown shaft-streaks. Feet (in skin) blackish brown. Wing 75, tail
53, tarsus 19°5, bill from end of feathering 16, just before indentation near tip
fully 2 mm. wide.
( 449 )
One specimen, collected in the Eafa district in British New Guinea (Owen
Stanley Range) between 1000 and 3000 ft. elevation by A. S. Anthony, purchased
from Messrs. MelIlwraith and McHacharn in London. Type (No. E 61) in
Mus. Tring.
45. Philemon novaeguineae novaeguineae (8. Miill.).
Tropidorhynchus Novae Guineac 8. Miiller, Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind., Land- en Volhkenkunde,
p. 153 (W. coast New Guinea).
2d? ad., Ron Island, November 1896, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
] jun. without label, but evidently from Bruijn’s hunters.
1 ? ad., Batanta, July 1875. Bruijn coll. Specimen g? of Salvadori’s
list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 359).
1 bought by Bruijn from a hunter coming from Salwatti and Waigiu.
2, D2, Salwatti, May—June 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens a’ and w? of
Salvadori’s list, Zc. p. 359.)
1 “9,” 16? Mysol, January 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1912, 1913.
“Tris bright red. feet plumbeous (blackish plumbeous), bill black.”
1 ? juv., Mysol, 31. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 1971. “Iris coffee-
brown.”
2, “S32,” Waigiu, 4, 11. i. 1903. J. Waterstradt coll.
2 2%, Dorey, 1. iv., 4. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens z, c! of Salvadori’s
list, Z.c. p. 359).
2 33d, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
4 22, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris chestnut, outwardly
greyish, bill and feet black, naked skin on head black.”
1 2, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 said to be from the Ambernoh River (?). Collected by J. Dumas.
1 said to be from Mt. Maori. Collected by J. Dumas. (Both these latter
are somewhat small. They were bought from Mr. van Duivenbode, they have
no original labels, and their localities were given by word.)
2 66d, Hall Bay, 17. iv., 9. vii. 1875. D’Albertis and Tomasinelli coll.
(Specimens f* g* of Salvadori’s list, l.c. p. 360.)
1 3, Collingwood Bay, 28. vi. 1897. A. 8S. Meek coll., No. 670. “Tris
very dark red.” i
2 2%, Giabu-lengan, Aru Is., 8, 15. v. 1873. Beccari coll., Nos. s* ¢ of
Salvadori’s list, Zc. p. 360.
1 $, Lutor, Aru Is., 20. vi. 1873. Beecari coll. (No. uw of Salvadori’s list,
l.c. p. 360.)
1 ? juv., Dobbo, Aru Is., 17. xii. 1883. Guillemard coll.
1 8, Wokan, Aru Is., 5. xii. 1883. Powell coll.
4-ad., Dobbo, Aru Is., 6. vi. 1896. ©. Webster coll.
2 8, Dobbo, Aru Is., 28. xi. 1897. HH. Kiihn coll., Nos. 332, 333,
“Tris chocolate-brown.”
1 g, Wokan, Aru Is., 26. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2586.
2 22%, Wanambai, Kobroor, Aru Is., 1, 2. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos.
2433, 2434. “Iris dirty coffee-brown.”
Dr. A. B. Meyer has separated the Aru form under the name of “ Tropido-
rhynchus aruensis,” but we are not able to separate it. None of the characters
( 450 )
given by its describer hold good. The lighter colour of the crown (and body)
is due to the age of the feathers, freshly moulted specimens being dark, worn
ones light. This is illustrated by moulting specimens before us. The bill is
not longer, the hump generally not larger. It is true that some individuals
have exceptionally large humps at the base of the Dill, but they are reached
by some examples from Ron and Dorey.
46. Philemon novaeguineae subtuberosus Hart.
Philemon novaeguineae subtuberosus Hartert, Nov. Zoou. 1896. p. 238 (Fergusson, Meek coll.).
1 3 ad., Fergusson Island, 9. x. 1894. A. 8. Meek coll.
2 gd, 1 %, Fergusson Island, October 1894. A. 8. Meek coll.
2, oY, Fergusson Island, 20. v., 10. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., ‘Nos.
317, 580. “Iris brown (dark brown), feet pale bluish slate (dark bluish grey),
bill black.”
1 2, Goodenough Island, December 1896. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 26.
47. Philemon novaeguineae jobiensis Mey.
Philemon jobiensis A. B. Meyer, Sitzber. Ak, Wiss. Wien Ixx. p. 113 (1874: Jobi).
3 66,1 2, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3 36. Ansus, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 ad., Konstantinhafen. Rehn coll. (Received in exchange from Berlepsch.)
1 3, Stephansort, 22. i. 1899. E, Nyman coll.
1 2, Kafu, May 1884. Bruijn coll. (Wing moulting, size doubtful.)
6 33," 1% 2,” Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘Iris grey-brown,
feet dark grey, bill, bare skin on head black.”
1 said to be from the Ambernoh River. J. Dumas coll. (Purchased from
Mr. van Duivenbode.)
The Takar specimens are very small, but some are not quite adult, others
apparently wrongly sexed (?). We therefore refrain for the present from
separating them from jodiensis.
We believe that we are perfectly justified in considering jodiensis to be a
subspecies of xovaeguineae. The specimens of P. n. novaeguineae said to be
from the Ambernoh River and Mt. Maori have no original labels and their
locality is therefore doubtful. So far we have no proof of Ph. jobiensis and
typical novaeguineae coming from the same place.
48. Philemon meyeri Salvad.
Philemon meyeri Salvadori Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xii. p. 339 (1878 : Rubi).
1, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, Angust—September 1896. A. 8.
Anthony coll.
1 juv., “Fly River,” purchased from H. Whitely.
1, “ N.E. coast of Dutch New Guinea.” J. Damas coll.
1 ad., 1 juy., “ Ambernoh River.” J. Dumas coll.
1 ? ad., Konstantinhafen, 8. i. 1895. Kubary coll.
( 451 )
49. Pycnopygius stictocephalus (Salvad.).
Pycnonotus ? stictocephalus Salvadori, Ann, Mus, Civ. Gen, ix. p, 34 (1876: Naiabui, British
New Guinea).
One specimen obtained at Wanambai, Aru, by Capt. C. Webster, 23. vi
1896, skinned from spirits, agrees in every way with the description of P.
stictocephalus. The upper throat is blackish brown with whitish shaft-streaks to
the feathers.
50. Kuthyrhynchus flavigula Schleg.
Euthyrhynchus flavigula Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr, Dierk. iv. p. 40 (1871: W. of Geelvink Bay).
1 dg, Andai, 3. xi. 1888. Guillemard coll. “Iris gamboge, bill horn-colour,
tarsus slate-blue.”
1 3, Takar, November 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Tris pale creamy, feet pale
purplish, bill blackish above, pale corneous below, commissure ochreous.”
These two birds agree well with the description and figure of EL. flavigula.
We have no material to prove the identity or otherwise of EZ. flavigula and
E. griseigula.
51. Euthyrhynchus fulviventris (Rams.).
Plectorhyncha fulviventris Ramsay, ‘Proc, Linn. Soc, N.S.W. 1882. p. 718 (Mts. S.E. New
Guinea).
1 3, Mt. Cameron, 13. viii. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll. “ Iris deep brown,
feet whitish, bill grey.”
3 ?, Milne Bay, 20. ii. 1899. “Iris brown, feet light lavender, bill light
brown, base dark brown.”
E. fulviventris can only be a subspecies of one of the northern forms, but
the nomenclature of the latter is not clear to us.
52. Euthyrhynchus fulvigula meyeri Salvad.
Euthyrhynchus meyeri Salvadori, Anu. Mus. Civ. Gen. xxxvi. p. 97 (1896: Moroka).
13,3 29, Mt. Cameron, 6000 ft. 20, 26. vill, 1896. A. 8S. Anthony coll.
3 Bafa district, 1OO0—3000 ft. Purchased from Mellwraith & Co.
1 3 Avera, Aroa River, 12. iii. 1903. A. S. Meek coll., No. A 405.
“Tris kid-fawn, feet pale chocolate, bill dark brown and slate.”
XXVII. ZOSTEROPS.
1. Zosterops novaeguineae Salvad.
Zosterops novaeguineae Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen, xii. p. 341 (Arfak).
3 93,1 2, Hatam Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1g, Wokan, Aru Is., 26. ix. 1900. H. Kithn coll.“ Iris greyish brown,
feet ash-grey, bill black.”
( 452 )
2. Zosterops minor Mey.
Zosterops albiventer minor A. B. Meyer, Sitzber. Ak, Wiss. Wien Ixx. p. 115 (1874: Jobi).
Zosterops aureigula Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen, xii. p. 340 (1878: Jobi).
2 $d, Ansus, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 368,1 2%, Marai, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris red-brown, feet
bluish-grey, bill blackish.”
The white ring round the eyes is only indicated in this species.
3. Zosterops crissalis Sharpe.
Zosterops crissalis Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit, Mus. ix. p. 165 (1884: Astrolabe Mts.).
2, Mt. Cameron, 31. vii., 8. viii. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
2 $6, Kotoi district, Brit. New Guinea, 4000 ft., 12. viii. 1898. A.S. Anthony
coll.
1, Moroka district, Brit. New Guinea, 3000—6000 ft. (Native coll.?). Purchased
from Mellwralth and McBacharn.
2, Mountains of British New Guinea. E. Weiske coll.
3 36,3 3%, Avera, Aroa River, 21, 28, 31. i, 1. ii, 4, 14. iii. 1908. A. 8S.
Meek coll., Nos. A 25, 140, 166, 175, 358, 416.
4. Zosterops chrysolaema Salvad.
Zosterops chrysolaema Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 954 (1880 : Arfak),
2 dd ad., Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris red-brown.”
Resembles Z. minor, but has a wide white ring round the eyes, black lores,
darker crown and altogether darker and more brownish green upperside.
5. Zosterops delicatula Sharpe.
Zosterops delicatula Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 318 (Astrolabe Mts., Goldie coll.).
1, Kotoi district, 1898. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1, Moroka district, 3000—6000 ft.
2, between rivers Laroki and Vanapa, British New Guinea. E. Weiske coll.
1899.
1, Mt. Gayata, 2000—4000 ft. E. Weiske coll.
1 3, Milne Bay, 9. ii. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., No. 2284. “Iris brown, feet
slate, bill black.”
4 33,3 2%, Fergusson Island, 29, 31. v., 2, 3. vi. 1897. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 449, 471, 508, 509, 512, 517, 519.
6. Zosterops meeki Hart.
Zosterops mecki Hartert, Noy. Zoou. v. p 528 (1898: Sudest I.).
1 3 ad., Sndest Island, Lonisiades, 18. iv. 1898. (No. 1753.) Type. A. S.
Meek coll.
1 ? ad., Sudest Island, 18. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll., No. 1754.
Differs from Z. delicatula chiefly in the entirely white underside.
gas
( 453 )
7. Zosterops hypoxantha Salvad.
Zosterops hypoxantha Salvadori, Atti. Acc. Tor. xvi. p. 623 (New Britain).
1, New Ireland. Missionary coll.
2, New Hanover, February 1897. Capt. C. Webster coll. (Ex spirits !)
8. Zosterops fuscicapilla Salvad.
Zosterops fuscicapilla Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Gen. vii. p. 955 (Arfak).
34d,3 $$, Hatam, Arfak Mts., 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 without label, Bruijn’s preparation.
9. Zosterops chloris Bp.
Zosterops chloris Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 398 (1850: Banda). See anted, pp. 249, 250.
6 36, 2 2%, Pulu Babi, Aru Is., 23. ix. 1900. H. Kin coll. “Iris
chocolate (deep coffee-brown, greyish coffee-brown), feet bluish ash-grey (ash-grey,
bright ash-grey), bill black, base of mandible grey.”
10. Zosterops pallidipes De Vis.
Zosterops pallidipes De Vis, Rep. Brit. New Guinea 1888-89 p. 60 (1890: Rossel I.).
6 $3, 3 2%, Rossel I., Louisiade group, January, February, March 1898.
Nos. 1245, 1374, 1470, 1503, 1505, 1507, 1539, 1547, 1549.
11. Zosterops aignani Hart.
Zosterops aignani Hartert, Nov. Zoou. vi. p. 210 (Aignan I.).
1 g ad., St. Aignan I., Lonisiades 7. xii. 1897. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 1132.
(Type !)
363,429, St. Aignan, September, November, December 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 723, 968, 969, 971, 972, 1057, 1197.
XXVIII. HIRUNDINIDAE.
1, Hirundo rustica gutturalis Scop.
3 Pegan (Pigen) in the St. Davids, Mapia, or Freewill group, October 1896.
“Tris deep brown, bill and feet black.”
(72 skins from other localities.)
2. Hirundo javanica Sparrm.
4 3$4,1 ?, Kapanr, January 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 %, Mysol, 8, 12. ii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2011, 2024.
1 3, Collingwood Bay, 26. vi. 1897. A.S. Meek coll., No. 650.
1 3,1 %, Fergusson Island, 30. v. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 498, 460.
1 ?, Mariri, Aru Is., 23. xi. 1897. H. Kithn coll., No. 348. (89 from other
localities.)
3. Hirundo tahitica Gm.
1, N. coast of New Britain (Neu Pommern). Kubary coll. (7 from other
localities.)
( 454 )
XXIX. MUSCICAPIDAR.
1. Peltops blainvillii (Less. & Garn.).
Eurylamus blainvillii Lesson et Garnier, Ferussae Bull. Se. Nat, xi. p. 302 (1827: Dorey).
1 3, Mysol, 21. xi. 1888. R. F. Powell coll.
2 dd, Mysol, 25. i., 7. ii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1930, 2019. “ Iris dark
vermilion, bill and feet black.”
2 3d,1 2, Kapaur, 3000 ft., December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Sorong, June 1872. D’Albertis coll., No. 239. (Specimen 4 of Salvadori’s
list, Orn. Pap. li. p. 9.)
2, 0%, Arfak, June 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimens 4, J of Salvadori’s list,
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 9.)
236, Arfak, 24. iv., 8. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens x, q of Salvadori’s
list, Zc.)
2, 6%, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
1, Humboldt Bay. J. M. Dumas coll.
1, German New Guinea. Cotton & Webster coll.
1 ?,2 dd (2), Stephansort, German New Guinea, December 1898, December
1899. Nyman coll.
4 $d, 2 $$, Milne Bay, 1, 9, 17. ii, 8. iv. 1899. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2223, 2224, 2288, 23849, 2447, 2448.
23d, 1 %, Sogere, Owen Stanley Mts., October—November 1885 (1750—
2000 ft.). H. O. Forbes coll., Nos. 6, 41, 185.
1, West of Port Moresby, April 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
1 3,1 , Oriori district, 2. ii. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1, Mt. Cameron, 8. ix. 1896. A.§. Anthony coll.
3d6d,1 2, Avera, Aroa River, 21, 30. i, 9, 27. ii. 1903. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. A 28, 152, 224, 311.
Peltops minor de Vis, Rep. New Guinea for 1893, p. 2, is doubtless based
on a young and apparently partially aberrant specimen. Our specimens from
British New Guinea average in no way smaller, and the largest of all, with a
wing measuring 115 min., is among them.
2. Monarcha inornata inornata (Garn.).
Museicapa nornata Garn., Voy, Coqu. Zool. Atlas PI, xvi. fig. 2 (1826: Dorey.) (This is the oldest
name, not cinerascens Temm.)
1 3,3 29, Mysol, 9—21. i. 1900. H. Kithn coll., Nos. 1790, 1790, 1879,
2012.
1, Tifore, August 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen ~ of Salvadori’s list in Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 15.)
1, Amboina, November 1873.
4 9d4,1 %, Yamna Island, October—November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 , Credner I., 22. xi. 1880. Th. Kleinschmidt coll., No. 586.
1 2? ?, Nanuha(?) L., near New Britain. Th. Kleinschmidt coll.
2, “ New Jreland.” Missionary coll.
2 3d, Sudest I, 6, 19. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 1683, 1764.
294, 3 29, St. Aignan L., September, November, December 1897. A. 8.
Meek coll., Nos. 1000, 1006, 1009, 1059, 1195.
ed
( 455 )
433,229, Rossel L, January, February, March 1898. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 1253, 1259, 1385, 1388, 1461, 1581.
The Yamna birds are indistinguishable. Meyer’s fuscescens (type from
Yamna) undoubtedly based on immature birds.
3. Monarcha inornata geelwinkianus Mey.
Monarcha geelwinkianus A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber & Abh., Ges. Isis 1884, Abb. i. p. 23 (Misori
Jobi).
3 4364,1 2,3 unsexed, Mayfor, May—June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
The deeper chestnut-brown abdomen and lighter grey distinguish this form
well from typical ‘nornata. It rather resembles another form, 7.e. ML. 7. hisserensis,
from the South-East and South-West Islands.
4. Monarcha melanopsis (Vieill.).
Muscicapa melanopsis Vieillot, Nouv. Dict, xxi, p. 450 (1818), nine from Australia.
1 ?, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 2000 ft., 19. viii. 1896. Anthony coll.
1, Nicura. Lix coll.
1, British New Guinea. Goldie coll.
2466,2 2%, Milne Bay, February, April 1899, November 1898. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 2147, 2338, 2476, 2486.
3 64,1 %, Fergusson Island, September 1894, May—June 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 236, 600.
2 33, Sudest Island, April 1898. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 1697, 1783.
1 ¢ juv., Trobriand Island, 13. iii. 1895. A. 8S. Meek coll.
This specimen has (Nov. Zoon. 1896, p. 241) been recorded as Monarcha
inornata, but we believe now that it is a young specimen of M. melanopsis, though
it is hardly possible to say for certain which it may be, the young J. ¢nornata aud
melanopsis being apparently indistinguishable.
2 63,1 ? ?, Goodenough Island, December 1896. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 68,
69, 73.
16,2 22, Simbang, German New Guinea., Angust—September 1899.
Nyman coll.
5. Monarcha periophthalmicus Sharpe.
Monarcha periophthalmicus Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, Zool. xvi. pp. 318, 430 (1882: 8S. E.
New Guinea).
Probably only a subspecies of I. frater.
1 (apparently not quite adult, with black spots all over the pileam). Mountains
ot British New Guinea, 1894. Anthony coll.
1 “?,” Oriori district, 19. i. 1895. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3 3d,3 ? , Avera, Aroa River, 19, 20, 21. i., 26. ii., 19. iii. 1903. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. A 8, 15, 23, 307, 424, 435. “Iris light brown, bill and feet dark
slate-blue.”
6. Monarcha frater Scl.
Monarcha frater Sclater, P. Z. 8, 1873. p. 691 (Arfak, Hatam).
1, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. Dumas coll.
( 456 )
7. Monarcha melanoptera Gray.
Monarcha melanoptera Gray, P. ZS. 1858 p. 178 (Louisiades Is.).
7, St. Aignan, 2, Rossel I., Louisiades. A. S. Meek coll.
8. Monarcha guttula (Garn.).
Muscicapa guttula Garn., Voy. Coqu., Zool. i, 2 p. 591 Pl. 16 f. 2 (1828 : Dorey).
1 g, Mysol, 8. 17.1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2015.
1, Andai, 1872. D’Albertis coll. (Specimen 4 of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap.
ii. p. 22.)
1 2. Andai, June 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen ¢ of the above list.)
I eee ey es 3 os 3 (Specimen e of the above list.)
3 66,1 2, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 2, Ansus, Jobi, April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen ¢ of the above list.)
26,1 2%, Ansus, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1, Mariati, Sorong, 24. vi. 1875. Beecari coll. (Specimen Z of the above list.)
1 3, Sattelberg, German New Guinea, 29. vi. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 3, Simbang, 30. viii. 1899. EH. Nyman coll.
1 g jun., Collingwood Bay, 10. vi. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2594. “ Iris
dark brown, bill and feet slaty-blue.”
1 J ad., Milne Bay, 18. iv. 1899. A.S. Meek coll., No, 2477.
1 3, Kone district, British New Guinea, June 1898. A.8. Anthony coll.
1, British New Guinea. E. Weiske coll.
1, Fly River (fide Whitely.)
16,1 2%, Sudest I., Louisiades, 23. iii, 2. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll,
Nos. 1593, 1649.
13,2 22,2 6 juv., Fergusson L., 4, 10, x., 18, 22. xii. 1894, 18. vi. 1897.
A. S. Meek coll., No. 640.
1 3,1 2, Goodenough I., 2, 9. xii, 1896. A. S. Meek coll.
3 36, St. Aignan L., 31. vii, 5. viii, 5. ix. 1897. A. 8. Meek coll., Nos. 727,
758, 965.
1 3, Trangan, 16. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2621.
1 2, Dobbo, Aru, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1, ss 5 28. v. 1896. C. Webster coll.
2 34,1 2 juv. Sg. Bark; Kobroor, Aru Is., 20, 21, 22. viii. 1900. H. Kiithn
coll., No. 2267, 2282.
1 ¢, Wokan, Arn, 28. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2623.
13,1 2, Waigiu, 16, 17. xii. 1902. J. Waterstradt coll.
1 3, Batanta, July 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen g of Salvadori’s list, Orn.
Pap, ii. p. 22.)
1, “ Ambernoh River.” J. Dumas coll.
9. Monarcha leucotis Gould.
Monarcha leucotis Gould, P. Z. S. 1850. p. 201 (Australia.)
6 specimens from Australia.
We have not received this species from the Louisiades. Possibly the occur-
rence there is erroneously recorded.
( 457 )
10. Monarcha chalybeocephalus chalybeocephalus ((Garn.).
Muscicapa chalybeocephalus Garn., Voy. Coqu., Zool., Atlas Pl. XV. fig, 1 (9) (1826: New
Treland !).
5 fo ad., 2 2 juv., New Ireland. Missionary coll.
1d ad., 1 ? juv., New Britain 1886. Kubary coll.
1 ¢ ad., Mountains of British New Guinea. A. S. Anthony coll.
1 ?, Brown River 1898. KE. Weiske coll.
1 3 juv., Port Moresby (fide Gerrard).
1 d ad., Milne Bay, 19. iv. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2483. “ Iris dark
brown, feet black, bill slate-blue.”
1 3 ad., Sariba I., 17. vii. 1900. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2701.
2d ad, 1 d juv., Simbang, German New Guinea, 19, 23. viii. 1899.
E. Nyman coll.
1 dad. 1 d juv., Stephansort, December 1899. E. Nyman coll.
1 3,1 ? ad., Takar, October—November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 ¢%, Ramoi, 4, 5. ii. 1875. Beceari coll. (Specimens 7 and 7 of
Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 33.)
1g ad., Andai, 2. vi. 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen % of the above list.)
4 3 ad., Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 %, Dorey, 16. iv. 1875, August 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimens a’, 6
of Salvadori’s list.)
1 3,1 ? ad. Kapaur, November 1896, January 1897. W. Doherty coll.
“Tris deep brown, bill pale blue, tip and commissure narrowly black, feet dull
blue.”
1 3 ad., Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 g, Asna, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 g, 1 $, Ansus, Jobi, April and May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
4 $d, 2 ? ad., Ron L., June—July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 $, “Kordo” 1879. Bruijn coll.
1 g, Yamna I., 1879. Bruijn coll.
8d ad, 6 % ad. 1 g juv., Mafor, October 1896, May—June 1897.
W. Doherty coll.
3 3d, 2 9%, Mysol, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1813,
1815, 1816, 1817, 1818. “ Iris dark coffee-brown, feet dark ash-grey, bill ash-grey
with black tip.”
1 3, Mysol, November 1883. H. Guillémard coll. (“ Length, 180 mm.”)
1 3,1 ?, Waigin, 30. xi., 15. xii. 1902. J. Waterstradt coll.
11. Monarcha chalybeocephalus subsp.
245d,1 ¢, Fergusson Island, September, October 1894. A. S. Meek coll.
1 3d, 1 ¢ ad., Goodenough Island, 19. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll., Nos.
87, 88).
2g ad., 1 ?, Trobriand Is. (one with large black chin-spot), 18. iii, 15. v. 1895.
A. 8. Meek coll.
1 3 ad., Woodlark Island, 3. viii. 1895. A.S. Meek coll.
3 36d,3 2%, Woodlark Island, 19, 24. iii., 16, 26, 28, 29. iv. 1897. A.S.
Meek coll., Nos. 136, 155, 221, 229, 233, 236.
These specimens were recorded by Hartert as M. chalybeocephala, with
the remark that some had a larger bill. Ltothschild considers the size of the
( 458 )
beak so much larger that he would rather unite them to MW. chalybeocephalus
lucidus, but as our specimens of true dwcidus from the Louisiades have on an
average still larger bills, we have agreed to leave the actual status of these birds
undecided.
12. Monarcha chalybeocephalus lucida (G. R. Gray).
Myiagra lucida Gray, P. Z. 8, 1858, pp. 176, 192 (Louisiade Is, ).
6 364,3 22, St. Aignan, 4, 21, 23, 31, 24. viii., 3. ix. 1897. A.S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 750, 751, 752, 870, 875, 935—937, 956,
336d, 3 2? 2, Sudest Island, 23. iii., 1, 6, 9, 14, 17. iv. 1898. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 1592, 1638, 1682, 1698, 1728, 1751.
This subspecies is only known from the Lonisiades. It differs only by its
larger bill.
13. Monarcha chalybeocephalus rufolateralis (Gray).
Piegorhynchus rufolateralis Gray, P. Z, 8, 1858. pp. 177. 192 (Aru Is.).
3 ody 22 Wokan, Aru Is: 175 vis, co. ix. 19005) JH.) Kuhmecotls
Nos. 2608, 2270, 2272, 2274, 2275. “Iris blackish brown, feet greyish black, bill
dark bluish grey with black tip, gape ‘mennigroth.’”
1 3 ad., Sg. Barkai, 20. ii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll, No. 2271.
1 3g juv., Wanambai, Kobroor, 31. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2273.
14. Monarcha verticalis Scl.
Monarcha verticalis Scl., P. Z. S. 1877. p. 99. Pl. XTX. (“ Duke of York Is,”),
2, New Ireland. (Missionary coll.)
15. Monarcha menadensis (Quoy & Gaim.).
Muscicapa menadensis Quoy et Gaimard, Voy. Astrol. p. 176. Pl. II. fig. 3 (1833).
Monarcha dichrous auctorum,
1, New Guinea(?) Beccari coll. (Specimen ¢ of Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap.
ii, p. 29.)
1, “ Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
1 $, Simbang, German New Guinea, 31. viii, 1899. EH. Nyman coll.
1 2, Collingwood Bay, 17. vi. 1899. A. S. Meek coll., No. 2623. “ Iris dark
brown, bill and feet slate-blue.”
1, Mt. Cameron, 8. ix. 1896. A. 8. Anthony coll.
23d, 1 2, Kapaur, December 1896, January, February 1897. W. Doherty
coll.
16. Monarcha axillaris Salvad.
Monarcha avillaris Salvadori, Ann. Mus, Civ. Gen, vil. p, 921 (Arfak).
3 fo ad., Avera, Aroa River, 2, 5, 16. ii. 1908. A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos, A 181,
206, 239. “Iris dark brown, bill chalky blue, feet dark slaty blue.”
1 % (or immature), Moroka district, British New Guinea, 3000—6000 ft.
17. Monarcha chrysomela chrysomela (Less.)
Musvicapa chrysomela Lesson, Voy. Coqu., Zool. i, p, 344 (New Ireland).
2 g ad., New Ireland. (Missionary coll.)
( 459 )
18. Monarcha chrysomela kordensis Mey.
Monarcha kordensis Meyer, Sitzungsber. k, Akad. Wiss. Wien \xix. p. 202 (1874: Mysori).
1 6 ad., Kordo, 1879. Bruijn coll.
19. Monarcha chrysomela aurantiacus Mey.
Monarcha melanonotus aurantiacus A. B. Meyer, Abh, & Ber. Mus. Dresden 1890-91, Art. 4. p. 9
(1892 : Kafu and Stephansort).
1 d ad., Wensudu, N. coast, 139°, November 1896. W. Doherty, purchased
from native.
26,2 22%, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘“Ivis very deep brown,
feet blue-black, bill slaty-blue, culmen and commissure black.”
1 ¢ ad., Stephansort, 3.1. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
This form differs from JL. c. melanonotus in its slightly smaller size and
deeper yellow colour. This is also noticeable in the females, which have a
brighter abdomen and somewhat less of the olive tint on the breast. In size
this subspecies is somewhat intermediate between melanonotus and aruensis.
20. Monarcha chrysomela melanonotus Scl.
Monarcha melanonotus Sclater, P. Z. S. 1877. p. 100 (New Guinea).
4 o ad., Andai, June 1874, 7. iv., 19, 29. v. 1875.
b, d, e, 7 of Salvadori’s list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 39.)
1 6, Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
4 dad. 2 o juv., 1 $, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
6 33, 1 3? Mysol, 10, 13, 14, 15, 20, 22, 25. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
Nos. 1785—1789, 1882, 1929.
1 3, Mysol. H. Guillemard coll. November 1883. Length 158 mm.
293,322, Waigiu, December 1892. J. Waterstradt coll.
1 ?, Salwatti I., 1879. Bruijn coll.
Bruijn coll. (Specimens
21. Monarcha chrysomela aruensis Salvad.
Monarcha aruensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ, Gen. vi. p. 309 (1874 : Aru).
1 3, Sg. Bark., Kobroor, 22. viii. 1900, H. Kithn coll.
2 $d, Wanambai, Kobroor, 4. iii., 1. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 2429, 2431.
1 3,1 2, Wokan, Arn, 26, 30. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
5 od, Avera, Aroa River, 24. i., 23, 28. ii, 1,7. ii, 1903. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. A 75, 278, 327, 332, 382.
2 $3, Brown River, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
3 33, Mailu district, July 1895. A.S, Anthony coll.
1 ¢, Kotoi district, August 1898. A. 8S, Anthony coll.
1 6d, Oriori district, 19. i. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1d, Nieura. Lix coll.
3 g ad, 1 od juv., Milne Bay, 19. i, 4, 14. ii, 1899. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. 2190, 2252, 2257, 2322.
3 ¢ ad., 3 22, Fergusson I., September—October 1894. A. 8. Meek coll.
1 d, Fergusson I., 14. v. 1897, ALS. Meek coll., No. 249.
1 g,1 3 jav., Goodenough L., 11, 14. xii. 1896. A. S. Meek coll., Nos. 48, 81.
2 88,1 %,1 g juv., Simbang, Huon Gulf, August 1599. HE. Nyman coll.
1 3 ad., Sattelberg, 11. vii. 1899. BH. Nyman coll.
( 460 )
22. Monarcha rubiensis (Mey.)
Tchitrea rubiensis A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien Ixix, p. 494 (1874: Rubi),
Bathmisyrma (!) rufum Reichenow, Orn. Monatsber, 1897. p. 161 (Oberlauf des Gogol, Kaiser-
wilhelmsland).
1 fg ad., near Humboldt Bay. J. Dumas coll.
1 ?, Bismarck Gebirge, 4. vii. 1899. (Ramu Expedition 1414.)
Professor Reichenow states that his specimen was in full moult, and yet
founds a new genus principally on the strongly graduated tail, describing the
outer rectrices as half as long as the centre ones. In all the other known
specimens, however, the outer tail-feathers are only a few millimetres shorter,
certainly not more so than in the females of M. chalybeocephala, therefore the
supposed generic character was entirely due to moult. Although the vibrissae
on the gape are actually longer and thicker than in most of the other
Monarchae, they are in proportion to the size of the species not larger than in
M. chrysomela.
23. Arses telescophthalmus telescophthalmus (Garn.).
Muscicapa telescophthalmus Garn., Voy. Coqu., Zool. i. p. 593. pl. 18 (1828: Dorey).
1g, Dorey, 14. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen a@ of Salvadori’s list,
Orn. Pap. ii. p. 44.)
3 66,1 ¢%, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Arfak, July, from Bruijn’s hunters.
1 3, 1%, Andai, 18, 21. vy. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimens e and g of
Salvadori’s list.)
1 ¢, Andai, 1872. D’Albertis coll. (From spirits! Specimen a@ of
Salvadori’s list.)
1 2, Sorong, 23. vi. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen w of Salvadori's list.)
1 2, Warbusi, 24. iii, 1875. Beccari coll. (Specimen ¢ of Salvadori’s
list.)
vw
62, “ Ambernoh River.” J. Dumas coll.
3d, 4 2%, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
3, Triton Bay, 25. vii. 1900. Capt. C. Webster coll. (From spirits !)
$d, 1 %, Mysol, 16, 18, 22. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll, Nos. 1769, 1770,
1893. ‘d, Iris darkest brown (black), eyelid ultamarine-blue, feet dark bluish
grey, bill ash-grey.”
1 6, New Guinea (probably Arfak peninsula). (Hx Coll. Elwes. Small
white patch on nape, aberration.)
The specimens from Mysol, as shown by their size, are this form, not
batantae. The ? has the breast also dark, not as pale as in datantae, the crown,
however, is rather pale, maybe due to immaturity.
toe 22
24. Arses telescophthalmus batantae Sharpe.
Arses batantae Sharpe, Notes Leyden Mus. i. no. 5. p. 20 (Batanta).
2 33,2 2%, Batanta, 23. x. 1883 (2 without dates). From the Marchesa
Expedition.)
1 3,1 2, Batanta, 20, 22. x. 1883. Guillemard coll.
2 63,2 2%, Waigiu, December 1902, January 1903. J. Waterstradt coll.
( 461 )
This subspecies differs from A. ¢. telescophthalmus in being considerably
larger, the female in having a lighter breast and lighter slaty-grey crown. Dr.
Finsch (Notes Leyden Mus. xxii. p. 56) unites the two forms erroneously. It
is true that Dr. Sharpe’s alleged difference of the colour of the eyelids is apparently
not constant, but the other differences remain. Dr. Finsch denies the larger
size, but gives the measurements of batantae as: ¢ wing 84—92, ? 84—87;
of telescophthalmus 3 80—86, 2 76—82 mm. This clearly confirms a difference
in size in our opinion !
25. Arses telescophthalmus aruensis Sharpe.
Arses aruensis Sharpe, Notes Leyden Mus. i. no, 5, p. 21 (Aru), A very distinct subspecies.
2 dd,1 2, Sungei Bark, Kobroor, Aru Is., 24, 26. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn
coll., Nos. 2367, 2382, 2389. “Iris coffee-brown, eyelids ultamarine, feet steel-
grey (dark bluish grey).”
1 2, Wanambai, Kobroor Island, Ara Is., 4. iii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.,
No. 2370.
1 6, 2 22, Sungei Bark, Kobroor, 20. viii. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos,
2366, 2369, 2387.
2, 6%, Wanambai, Kobroor, 23. vi. 1896. C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
26. Arses telescophthalmus henkei Mey.
Arses Henkei A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. Ges. Orn. iii. p. 16 (1886: Astrolabe Mts.).
1 dad. 1 2,1 ¢ juy., Mountains of the Kotoi district, British New Guinea
4000 ft., August 1898. Anthony coll.
?, Oriori district, January 1898. Anthony coll.
3d, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, August—September 1896. Anthony
a
coll.
3d, Mt. Victoria, 1894. A. 8. Anthony coll.
3, 1 ¢?, between rivers Laroki and Vanapa, 1897. E. Weiske coll.
36,1 9, Brown River, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
?, Nicura. Lix coll.
1 3, Sogeri, Owen Stanley Mts., 14. xii. 1885. H. O. Forbes coll.
1 3, Hall Bay, 14. v. 1875. D’Albertis. (Specimen p of Salvadori’s
list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 46.)
3 63, 3 2%, Avera, Aroa River, January, Febraary, March 1903.
A. S. Meek coll., Nos. A 9, 322, 390, 400, 417, 459.
3 dd, Milne Bay, October, November 1898, February 1899. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 2113, 2127, 2322. “Tris brown, feet slate, bill bluish slate.”
2 $d, 1 2, Collingwood Bay, 29. vi. 1897. A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos.
680, 681, 682. The ? has the whole abdomen pale cinnamon.
1 3,3 22, Simbang, August 1899. EH. Nyman coll.
1 2, Sattelberg, 3. vii. 1899. HE. Nyman coll.
All specimens from British New Guinea and the Huon Gulf district appear
to belong to A. ¢. henkei. This form differs in the ¢ by having a black
chin-spot of very variable size, but always smaller than in A. ¢. arwensis, in
the % by a more rufous-cinnamon upperside, when adult. The abdomen is
generally white, but sometimes it is tinged with buff or cinnamon, and in our ¢
from Collingwood Bay it is quite pale cinnamon. This would be Salvadori’s
32
( 462 )
A, orientalis (Ann. Mus. Gen. (2) ix. p. 566, 1890), but we cannot possibly consider
this as being a different species, the characters assigned to it not being
constant, no male being known to belong to it, no separate geographical dis-
tribution being recognisable. A. fenicheli Madarasz (Aquila i. p. 92, 1894) from
German New Guinea, described from a single female, seems also to belong to
henkei, the paler crown probably being due to nonage. We cannot either make
out how A. lauterbachi Reichenow (Orn. Monatsber. vy. p. 161, 1897, described
from one female) should differ from the aberration described by Salvadori as
A. orientalis in 1890. The back of A. ¢. henket & is rather brighter rufous-
cinnamon than in A. ¢. aruensis %, the bird described and figured by Meyer
being immature, as shown by monlting specimens in our collection.
27. Arses insularis (Mey.).
Monarcha insularis A, B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. bk. Akad, Wien \xix. p. 395 (1874: Jobi).
4 od, 2 9, Marai, Jobi I, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 ¢, Ansus, Jobi L., April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
5 36d, 4 $9, Takar, October—November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
2 33,2 2%, near Humboldt Bay. J. M. Damas coll.
2 3d, Constantinhafen. Kubary coll.
1 3, Stephansort. E. Nyman coll.
28. Rhipidura tricolor (Vieill.).
Muscicapa tricolor Vieillot, Now. Dict. xxi. p. 430 (1818: Timor, errore !).
1 $, Momos, Waigiu, 25. x. 1883. H. Guillemard coll. “Iris brown, bill
and feet black.”
1 $, Batanta, 20. x. 1883. H. Guillemard coll.” “ Length 220 mm.”
1, Mysol. Wallace coll. (Hx Bartlett coll.)
1 dg, 1 2, Mysol, 11, 28. i. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1768, 1914.
1 ¢ juv., Mansinam, 16. vii. 1875. Beceari coll. (Specimen / of Salvadori’s
list, Orn. Pap. ii. p. 51.)
1 Manaswari I., off Dorey, 12. xi. 1883. H. Guillemard coll. ‘“ Length
215 mm.”
1 3, Mafor I., May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
? 9. Korrido, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
%, Ansus, Jobi, May 1897. W. Doherty coll.
do, Hast Kuradu (east of Jobi), October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
do, 1 ¢, Kapaur, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
3, 1 ¢, Friedrich Wilhelm’s Hafen, 14. x. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
3, Simbang, 13. viii. 1899. E. Nyman coll.
?, Duke of York Island. F. Hiibner coll. (Native name “ Napali.”)
2 363, New Britain. (Purchased from the “ Linnaea.”)
1 3, New Britain, 6. v. 1886, Kubary coll. (Native name “ Anarir.”)
1 3, 1 $, Fergusson Island, 8. vi. 1897. A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos. 572, 573.
2 63, 1 2, Dobbo, Ara Is., February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1
]
1
— ee 0D
Dobbo, Aru Is., 28. v. 1896. C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
3, Maniem I., Aru Is., 19. xi. 1897. H. Kiihn coll., No. 346.
?, Trangan, Aru Is., 19. 1x. 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2590.
45 from other localities.
( 463 )
29. Rhipidura threnothorax 8. Miill.
Rhipidura threnothorax 8, Miller, Verh. Land- en Volk. p. 185 (1844: Lobo).
1 ¢, Kapanr, December 1896. W. Doherty coll. “ Iris very dark brown,
bill and feet black, lower mandible pale horn-colour.
1 3, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, 3000 ft., January 1899. J. M. Damas coll.
1, Humboldt Bay. J. M. Dumas coll.
1, British New Guinea, 1898. E. Weiske coll.
30. Rhipidura maculipectus Gray.
Rhipidura maculipectus Gray, P. Z. S. 1858, pp. 176, 192 (Aru Is.).
3 36, Wokan, Aru Is., 24. ix. 6. x. 1900. H. Kihn coll., Nos. 2731,
2733. “Iris blackish brown, bill and feet black.”
1 35,1 $, Trangan I., Aru Is., 13, 19. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
1 2, Wanambai, Kobroor, 4. iii, 1900. H. Kiihn coll., No. 2284.
1 3, Dobbo, Aru Is., February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
31. Rhipidura leucothorax Salvad.
Rhipidura leucothorax Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vi. p. 311 (1874: Hatam, Arfak).
1 3, Kapaur, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 3d, 2 2%, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
5 3d, 1 2, Takar, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Tris dark brown,
feet blackish with white soles, bill black, mandible pale horn-colour.”
3 63,1 $, “Ambernoh River.” J. M. Dumas coll.
1 %, Stephansort, 21. xii. 1898. EH. Nyman coll.
1 3, Fly River, 24. viii. 1877. D’Albertis coll., No. 521.(Specimen g
of Salvadori’s list in Orn. Pap. ii. p. 59.)
1, Kotoi district, August 1898. A. S. Anthony coll.
The ¢ from Stephansort is distinctly paler above. A series might reveal
its distinctness as a subspecies (?).
32. Rhipidura kordensis Meyer.
Rhipidwra kordensis A, B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien \xx, p. 201 (1874: Mysori).
3, “Kordo,” 1879. Brnijn coll.
3, Biak, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. ‘Iris brown, bill and feet
black.”
33. Rhipidura setosa setosa (Q. & (.)
Muscipeta setosa Quoy et Gaimard, Voy. Astrolabe i, p. 181 pl. 4 fig. 4 (1830: New Ireland),
(Cf. Nov. Zoox. 1898. p. 525.)
1, New Ireland. Collected by a missionary.
1, Raloam, New Britain, 9. i. 1894. Capt.C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
13,3 %%, Duke of York Is., May, September, October, 1880. Th. Klein-
schmidt coll.
1 3, Mioko, 7. v. 1880. Th. Kleinschmidt coll.
( 464 )
34. Rhipidura setosa gularis Miill.
Rhipidura gularis S. Miiller, Verh. Land- en Volkenkunde p. 185 (1839-44 : Lobo, Utanata).
(Cf. Nov. Zoot, 1898. p. 525.)
236,422, Mysol, January 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1804, 1926, 1927, 1928,
1933, 1989. “Iris dark brown (dark coffee-brown), feet dark plumbeous (blackish),
bill black.”
1 3d, Waigin, 12. xii. 1902. J. Waterstradt coll.
1 3, Dorey, 16. iv. 1875, Bruijn coll. (Specimen m of Salvadori’s list, Orn.
Pap. ii. p. 62. Salvadori confounded setosa and gularis. They are, however,
easily distinguished.)
1 3, Dorey, June 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3,1 2, Dorey, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris deep chestnut, bill
and feet black.”
1 ?, Sorong, 24. iv. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen w of Salvadori’s list, 1.c.)
1 ?, Arfak, 10. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen 7 of Salvadori’s list, I.c.)
1 3, Mansema (Arfak), 27. v. 1875. Bruijn coll. (Specimen o of Salvadori’s
list, 1.c.)
1 6, Hatam, Mt. Arfak, 1879. Bruijn coll.
2 63,12, Ron Island, July 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Takar, North New Guinea, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
3 3d,22%, Kapaur, December 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1 3, Kapaur, February 1897. W. Doherty coll.
1 Triton Bay, 24. vii. 1896. Capt. C. Webster coll., No. 270.
1 2, Ansus, Jobi Is. April 1874. Bruijn coll. (Specimen z of Salvadori’s
list l.c.)
3 39d,2 22, Ansus and Marai, Jobi Island, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
2 36, Simbang, German New Guinea, August 1899. EH. Nyman coll.
1 3,1 ?, Fergusson Island, 2. x., 29. xii. 1894. A. 8. Meek coll.
1 2, Goodenough Island, 4. xii, 1899. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 12.
1g, Naiabui, 12. viii, 1875. D’Alberti’s coll. (Specimen g of Salvadori’s
list, I.c.)
35. Rhipidura setosa nigromentalis Hart.
Rhipidura setosa nigromentalis Hartert, Nov. Zoou, 1898. pp. 525, 526 (Sudest Island).
1 fo ad., Sudest Island, Louisiades, 13. iv. 1898. A. 8. Meek coll., No. 1721.
(Type of PR. s. nigromentalis.)
3 6d, Sudest Island, March, April 1898. A. 8S. Meek coll., Nos. 1610, 1673,
1720.
363, 322%, St. Aignan Island, Louisiades, August—September 1897. A. 5.
Meek coll., Nos. 756, 757, 878, 909, 966, 967.
36. Rhipidura hyperythra Gray.
Rhipidura hyperythra Gray, P. Z. 8. 1858. pp. 176, 192 (Aru).
366,2 2%, Sungey Bark., Kobroor, Aru Is., 22, 23, 25. viii. 1900. Heinr.
Kiihn coll. “Ivis and feet brownish black, bill black, mandible pale ochreous.”
Nos. 2270, 2271, 2276, 2277, 2280.
1 ?, Tana Mera, October 1896. W. Doherty coll. “Iris dark brown, feet
pale brown, bill above black, below yellowish horn.”
SREY 6 ae page
( 465 )
1, near Humboldt Bay. J. M. Dumas coll.
3, Mt. Maori, near Humboldt Bay, January 1899. J. M. Dumas coll.
1, Kotoi district, British New Guinea, August 1898. A.S. Anthony coll.
1, British New Guinea. HE. Weiske coll.
4 $d,1 22%, Avera, Aroa River, January, February, March 1903. A. 8. Meek
coll., Nos. A 108, 309, 393, 419, 420. % Iris dark brown (light brown), feet
smoky brown (dark brown), bill above dark brown (black), below amber (light
brown, horn-colour).”
37. Rhipidura rufidorsa Mey.
Rhipidura rufidorsa A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien \xx. p. 200 (1874: Rubi,
Jobi).
2 $6, Ansns, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll.
28,1 2, Marai, Jobi, April 1897. W. Doherty coll. “Iris deep brown,
feet dull brownish, bill dull sepia.”
1 3, Keboi, near Jobi, November 1896. W. Doherty coll.
1, Mt. Maori, January 189). J. M. Dumas coll.
2 $d, 12%, 2 unsexed, Kapaur, December 1896, January 1897. W. Doherty
coll.
2968,12%, Mysol, January, February 1900. H. Kiihn coll., Nos. 1788, 1993,
1994. “Tris dark brown (blackish), feet dark plumbeous, bill brown, mandible
pale yellowish.”
1“ juy.,” Collingwood Bay, 13. vi, 1899. No. 2600. “Iris dark brown,
feet dark brown, bill dark brown, light brown underneath.”
38. Rhipidura squamata Mill.
Rhipidura squamata 8. Miiller, Verh. Nat. Gesch. Ned. Ind., Land- en Volkenkunde p. 184 (1839-44 :
Banda !)
3 og, Pulo Babi (Pig Island), Aru Is., 23. ix. 1900. H. Kiihn coll.
These specimens seem inseparable from the typical Banda birds. We have
been able to compare 24 examples from Banda, Soa, Little Key, Kilsoein,
Manggoer, Taam and Maar Islands.
39. Bhipidura auricularis De Vis.
Rhipidura auricularis De Vis, Report New Guinea for 1889 (Birds), p. 2 (1890: Musgrave
Range).
2, Aroa River. EH. Weiske coll.
1 3g, Aroa River, 5000 feet, Jannary 1900. E. Weiske coll.
40. Rhipidura atra Salvad.
Rhipidura atra Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. viii. p. 922 (1875 : Hatam, Arfak).
Rhipidura fallax Ramsay, 2. Z. S. 1884. p. 580 (Astrolabe Range).
Rhapidura cinnamomea A. B. Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1886. p. 17 (Hufeisengebirge).
Rhipidura meyert Biittikofer, Notes Leyden Mus, xv. pp- 81, 82, 113-15 (1892).
While fully agreeing with Biittikofer that RAipidura brachyrhyncha 18
different from the red females of Rh. atra (einnamomea and meyeri), We cannot
distinguish two races of cinnamon females, those from Dutch New Guinea
being like those from the British colony. Nor can we share Biittikofer’s doubts
that the red birds are really the females of the black ones, but we fully agree
( 466 )
with Salvadori’s conclusions as put forth Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xxxvi. pp. 24—27.
Not only the adult females, but also the young birds are cinnamon.
1 3 ad., Hatam, Arfak, 28. vi. 1875. Brnijn coll. (Specimen e of Salvadori’s
list, Orn. Pap. ii. p.72. Type of Rh. atra marked “ Typus !” by the author.)
1 2,“ Ambernoh River.” J. M. Dumas coll.
1 $, Mt. Cameron, Owen Stanley Range, 12. viii. 1896. Anthony coll.
1 3, Moroka district, British New Guinea, 3000—6000 ft. Purchased from
Mellwraith & MéeHacharn.
1 dg ad., 1 d juy., moulting from the cinnamon to the slate-coloured plumage,
Aroa River. E. Weiske coll. (Not sexed by the collector.)
2 dd, 1 ¢, Avera, Aroa River, 21. ii., 10. 14. iii. 1908. A. S. Meek coll.,
Nos. A 264, 394, 418. ¢ & ¢: “Tris dark brown, feet smoky brown, bill
above black, below light horn-colour.” One of the males shows three cinnamon
feathers, evidently remains from the javenile plumage, on the ramp.
All our examples, except the two unsexed ones from Weiske and the unsexed
one from Dumas, are correctly sexed, the black ones as males, the cinnamon
ones as females.
41. Myiagra atra Mey.
Myiagra atra A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsber. k. k, Akad. Wiss. Wien Ixix. p. 498 (1874: Mafor).
11 dad, 1d jun.,7 22, Mafor, May and June 1897. W. Doherty coll. “dé,
Iris very deep brown, bill pale blue, nostrils, tip and commissure slenderly black,
feet black.” “9, Iris very deep brown, bill pale blue, tip and commissure,
and outer half of culmen slenderly black, feet black.”
1 3, Korrido, 1879. Bruijn coll.
42. Myiagra nitida Gould.
Uyiagra nitida Gould, P. Z. 8. 1837. p. 142 (Australia).
Myiagra nupta Hartert, Nov. Zoou. 1898. p. 526 (Sudest Island).
2, d%, Sudest Island, Lonisiades, 16. iv. 1898. A.S. Meek coll., Nos. 1738.
1739. (No. 17388 3 type of I nupta.)
2d¢d,1 2, St. Aignan, Louisiades, August and December 1897. A.S. Meek
coll., Nos. 686, 754, 1153.
1 3, Woodlark Island, 9, iv. 1897. A. S. Meek coll., No. 207.
1 ¢ juv., 1 2, Goodenough L., D’Entrecasteaux Is., 14, 21. xii. 1896.
3 ¢ ad, 1 of juv., 1 ¢, Fergusson Island, May, June 1897. A. S. Meek
coll., Nos. 247, 295, 424, 450, 532.
We cannot separate specimens from the Louisiades and D’Entrecasteanx
group from those of Australia, whence we have two adult males, one young male
and two females.
43. Myiagra latirostris Gould.
Myiagra latirostris Gould, P. Z. S. 1840. p. 172 (N. Australia).
1, Dobbo, Ara Is., 8. vi. 1896. Capt. C. Webster coll. (From spirits.)
2 36d, Wokan, Aru Is., 7. x. 1900. H. Kiithn coll., Nos. 2727, 2728.
“Tris dark coffee-brown, feet black, bill dark steel-grey with black tip.”
( 467 )
44. Muscicapa griseisticta (Swinh_).
2 $6, Pigen Island in St. David’s or Mafia group, north of Dutch New
Guinea, October 1896. W. Doherty coll.
45. Megalestes albonotatus Salvad.
Megalestes albonotatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vii. p. 770 (1875 : Mt. Arfak).
2, Arfak. From Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, collected by Bourke.
(Purchased from Gerrard.)
2463,1 2, Mt. Cameron, 6000—7000 ft., 10, 22. viii. 1896. A.S. Anthony
coll. “ Iris, bill and feet black.”
1 3, Aroa River, 5000 ft., January 1900. E. Weiske coll.
1, Upper Brown River. KE. Weiske coll.
1 o ad., Avera, Aroa River, 28. i. 1903. A. S. Meek coll., No. A 131.
“Tris light brown, bill and feet black.”
1 3 juv., Avera, Aroa River, 24. ii, 1903. A. 8. Meek coll., No. A 284.
“Tris iron-grey, bill and feet black.”
This young bird has its plumage above and below mixed with pale cinnamon
feathers, evidently showing that the young in first plumage is pale cinnamon all
over. The genus Megalestes should be kept separate from Poecilodryas, chiefly
on account of its broader and flatter bill.
46. Heteromyias armiti (De Vis).
(Pl. XIII., fig. 3.)
Poecilodryas armiti De Vis, Report Brit. New Guinea (Birds) p. 3 (spec. 33) (1894: Mt. Maneao).
1, Mt. Cameron, 8. ix. 1896. A.S. Anthony coll.
1, Upper Brown River. Emil Weiske coll.
24 6,2 2% ¢, Avera, Aroa River, May, June 1903. A. S. Meek coll., Nos.
A 488, 515, 540, 594. “Iris brown, feet (light) horn-colour, bill black (with
light tip aud gonys).”
47. Petroica bivittata De Vis.
Petroica bivittata De Vis, [bis 1897. p. 97 (Mt. Seratchley : one @ ).
234 (one marked ¢ erroneously), 1%, Mt. Knutsford, 11,000 ft, 20. viii.
1898. A.S. Anthony coll. “ Iris brown-black, bill black, feet black.”
The males have the upperside, throat and chest black, with a slight gloss.
The wings agree with De Vis’ description, except that the primary coverts have
no white bar, The tail, of which no mention is made in De Vis’ description,
is black, the outer pairof rectrices with a huge wedge-shaped white mark oceupying
the greater part of the distal half, the following two with small white tips.
Abdomen, under tail-coverts, under wing-coverts and axillaries white, the bases
of the feathers white. The female is not black, but slate-colour, the outer
rectrices have the outer web and tip only white, otherwise like the made.
We presume that this is De Vis’ P. bivittata, as no other Petroica from
New Guinea is known to us, althongh he describes the primary coverts as
having a white bar, and makes no mention of the tail!
( 468 )
48. Pratincola caprata caprata L.
1 g juv., Avera, Oroa River, 24. ii. 1908. A. 8S. Meek coll., No. A 287. “Tris
dark brown, feet black, bill vandyke-brown.”
This bird belongs evidently to the small race, which reaches along the Sunda
Islands to the Moluceas, but is new to New Guinea.
49. Pratincola caprata atrata Kelaart.
Pratincola atrata Kelaart apud Blyth, Jowrn. As. Soc. Bengal xx. p. 177 (Ceylon). (About the
correct name of this form see Oates, B. India ii. p. 61.)
Poecilodryas aethiops Scl,, P. Z. S. 1880. p. 66. Pl. VII. fig. 1 (New Britain, Brown coll.).
We have one example obtained on Mt. Scratchley. Neither we nor Dr. Sharpe,
whom we showed the bird, are able to separate it from the South Indian and
Ceylonese large form of P. caprata, the P. c. atrata, or from the type of
“ Poecilodryas aethiops.” There is also a female in the British Museum (or
young bird) agreeing with the 2 of the Pratincola! We cannot understand why
this bird has been placed in the genus Poectlodryas, neither can we understand
its most remarkable, incredible distribution : Ceylon and South India on the one,
New Britain and New Guinea on the other hand. It is possible that a series may
show that the South Indian and Papuan birds differ slightly from each other, but
so far we have found no difference whatever.
50. Poecilodryas bimaculatus (Salvad.).
Myiolestes (?) bimaculatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. vi. p. 84 (1874: Putat, New Guinea).
2366, 1 2, 1. sex not marked, Mt. Cameron, 3000 ft., August—September
1896. ; striga 3
» molitor b
si CLUE 1 ;
Nylophanes rhodochlorau 3 .
”
” .
. Dorcatopterya xanthomelas +
Puate XII.
Milionia pumilio ¢
» assimilis
» distorta 3
Bordeta furcata ?
Argyrolepidia aurea 3
Heterusia ligata 3
» regina 3
Immetalia diversa 3
” ” coe
Milionia mediofasciata 3
” ” $
» macrospila 3
5 websteri 3
» dysphanioides 3
» obiensis &
» etchhorni 3
» paradisea d .
Fs dulitana $
» Jlaviventris
53 websteri 5
Phalaenoides resplendens 3
Immetalia eichhorni 3
Hydrothauma ada ada
iy » jucunda .
sos
Seep ye PP pe ey
482
481
481
481
481
482
482
481
482
482
. 483
. 483
483.
. 483
. 482
. 482
p- 484
SPPUP PP PPP PP PSP PP PP PP PP
. 484
485
485
486
487
483
484
486
486
485
485
485
485
485
485
486
485
485
485
485
487
486
483
483
VOVITATES ZoOLoGic&. Vor. X. 1903 Pred
XII
NOVITATES
ae
( 487 )
not known from Dutch New Guinea, while the band of both wings is orange in the
36 from the Northern Moluccas (4ernstein?), and from the sonth-eastern parts of
New Guinea (meeki). We have elsewhere suggested that bernstein?, longipalpis,
huonis aid meeki are geographical races of the same insect. The present insect
confirms this belief. 7. diversa, described above, is possibly a mountain form of
the same species. We have as yet not found any structural differences between
the insects mentioned.
37. Phalaenoides resplendens spec. nov. (PI. XII. f. 37. 3.)
3. Head black, a spot at each side of frons, and a line behind eye continued to
antenna, white ; first segment of palpus, breast, a lateral spot on prothorax, hairs
of femora and tip of abdomen orange ; second segment of palpus black at sides,
edged with yellow above, clothed with a mixture of black, white and yellow scales
beneath. Thorax above and abdomen blue-black, the latter ringed with bluish
white ; underside of abdomen bluish grey-white.
Wings blue-black. Upperside. Forewing : a white band beyond cell, from
costal margin to M?, straight, continued beyond M? by a small dash, which is
parallel with the distal margin of the wing; some glaucous blue scales near the
band, veins distally streaked with glaucous blue. Hindwing very strongly
glossy ; a large white area, rounded anteriorly and distally.
Underside of both wings glossy blue, but much less glossy than the upperside
of the hindwing ; bases streaked with glaucous blue. Forewing: no blue lines
on veins in distal area of wing ; white band broader than above.——Hindwing :
white area slightly edged with glaucous blue.
Length of forewing: 25 mm.
Hab. Upper Aroa River, British New Guinea (A. 8S. Meek and Eichhorn).
One o.
38. Burgena reducta spec. nov.
3. Similar to splendens. White spots of frons and the yellow colour of
pronotum, breast and abdomen, and the band of the hindwing much reduced.
Upperside of both wings strongly glossy ; white cell-spot of forewing larger than
in splendens, the discal patch situated near lower angle of cell also larger, consisting
of three streaks ; the yellow band of the hindwing either reduced to an ill-defined
spot situated at abdominal margin (¢), or to a narrow ill-defined band (?) which
extends from abdominal margin to apex of cell. On the underside the yellow band
is rather broader and longer than above.
Hab. Kulambangra, Rubiana, Solomon Islands, February 27th, 1902 (Meek
and Eichhorn).
One pair.
39. Argyrolepidia aurea Jordan, Nov. Zoot. x. p. 312. n. 1 (1903 (Aroa River).
i (Pipes 25 Ss)
40. Scrobigera vacillans taeniata subsp. nov.
3%. Markings of forewing white, the three mesial spots of vac. racillans
(South Celebes) merged together into a complete band, which is very slightly
curved. Band of hindwing of 3 deeper orange and wider than in vac. vacillans ;
fringe of % white ouly at apex.
Hah. Sawangan, North Celebes.
Four 3d, one %.
( 488 )
SOME NEW AFRICAN PAPILIOS.
BY THE HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D., AND KARL JORDAN, Pu.D.
1. Papilio dardanus polytrophus subsp. nov.
VERY variable and small form, which in the ¢ is distinguished by the
black band of the upperside of the hindwing being similar to that of
West African dardanus, by the posterior portion of this band (situated at abdominal
margin) including a spot of the ground-colour, which spot is either isolated or
is connected with the pale marginal anal spot; further by the black spot at
anal angle being reduced, and by the clasper bearing a prominent tooth above
the sawblade-like harpe, as is the case in the East and South African forms,
the tooth being absent from the West African dard. dardanus and also from
the form inhabiting the Comoro Islands. In Kaviroudo dardanus polytrophus
intergrades with dardanus dardanus in colour and structure. We shall more
fully enter into this question at another place. The female sex of polytrophus
is more variable than that of any other form of dardanus. The specimens agree
partly very closely with individuals from the lowland districts of British and
German East Africa (P. d. tibullus). The three submarginal spots R'—SM? of the
forewing are generally prominent and often rounded, and the submarginal spots
of the hindwing are also well marked. A comparison of the various ?-forms
with such from other localities will be given elsewhere. The most interesting,
form is that in which the markings of the forewing are pale straw-colour (paler
than the ground-colour in the male), and are enlarged and merged together,
occupying the greater proportion of the wing, a curved costal patch and the
outer marginal area remaining black, the wing thus somewhat resembling that
of the 2? 2 of P. dardanus meriones (Madagascar) and P. d. antinorii (Abyssinia).
Hab. Kikuyu Escarpment, British East Africa (W. Doherty).
A long series.
2. Papilio sosia spec. nov.
3. Intermediate between P. bromius and nireus. The band of the upperside
of the wings varying much in width individually, narrow-banded specimens
resembling P. nireus nireus, and broad-banded ones P. bromius bromius. The
narrow-banded individuals can be distinguished from P. mir. nireus by the band
of the hindwing being proportionally wider behind cell, extending close to base of
vein M?, the portion M'—(SM!') of the blue-green band being longer than in x/reuws,
reaching farther basad, further by the presence of a more or less complete series
of blue-green submarginal dots on the upperside of the forewing, and by the
rounded claspers and bipartite harpe. The broad-banded specimens differ from
P. bromius bromius in the longer tail, the shorter blue-green streak M’—(SM?) of
the upperside of the hindwing and in the harpe. There are no white postdiscal
patches on the underside of the forewing, or only traces of such patches.
Clasper rounded as in 4romins, not triangular as in wirews. Harpe with
two pointed processes, the one horizontal, slender, long, carved at end, more or
less sparsely dentate at apex ; the other projecting horizontally from the edge of
( 489 )
the first, proximal, triangular, resembling a large tooth. The harpe is individually
variable, there being often several small acute teeth at the edges of the processes.
Hab. Sierra Leone to Uganda.
In the Tring Museum 24 dd from: Sierra Leone (type); Accra, Gold Coast ;
Akassa, Niger; Kassai R., Congo Free State; Bumba, Congo Free State,
June 10th, 1899 (Dr. Ansorge); Upoto, Congo; Fajao, Unyoro, July 1897 (Dr.
Ansorge); Msarosaro, Uganda, December 28th, 1896 (Dr. Ansorge).
This species is mixed up in collections with dromius and nireus. We have
as yet no female.
3. Papilio bromius cyclopis subsp. nov.
Papilio pseudonireus, var.?, Butler (non Felder, 1865), Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond. p. 633. n. 15
(1895) (Kasungu Mt.).
Papilio pseudonireus, id., l.c. p. 839. n. 104 (1896) ; id., Ann. Mag. N. H. (6). xviii. p. 75. n. 28
(1896).
3. This insect has nothing to do with P. xireus pseudonireus, which is
confined to Somaliland and Abyssinia, but it resembles it a little in the band
of the forewing being reduced. P. bromius cyclopis differs from brom. brontes
in the blue band of the upperside being much narrower, the reduction being
most pronounced in the costal region of the forewing. The blue spots at the
upper angle of the cell of the forewing reduced to dots ; spot in cell near lower
angle short and narrow ; no dot in angle of cellule R1—R*; patch M'—M? only
4 mm. long. Extreme base of cellule M'—M? of hindwing black, blue streak
M2—(SM?) not reaching cell; blue spots R'—R* very small, not touching one
another; blue postdiscal spots R’—R* and M'—M? not completely divided.
Postdiscal spots of underside of hindwing white, not divided at the internervular
folds.
Clasping organs as in P. bromius brontes and brom. bromius.
?. Not known to us.
Hab. Kasungu Mt., Nyika, Nyassaland, 7450 ft. (R. Crawshay).
4. Papilio phorcas nyikanus subsp. nov.
Papilio phoreas, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1896. p. 839. n. 105 (1897).
3. Similar to P. phorcas ansorgei from British East Africa, the green spot
SC4°—R! of the upperside of the forewing much smaller, this spot being smaller
than the triangular spot SC’—SC** (in both sexes according to Butler), spot
R1—R? present but small; no submarginal spots on the forewing above, except
the subapical one, but a series of prominent submarginal spots on the hindwing.
Distal marginal area of the underside deeper brown than in ansorged and the
internervular black discal streaks of the hindwing heavier. Harpe similar to
that of ansorgeé, but with less teeth.
Hab. Kasunga Mts., Nyika, Nyassaland, March 1896 (Crawshay).
The four subspecies of P. phorcas fall into two groups according to the
development of the sexual armature. The subspecies P. ph. phorcas inhabiting
the North-Western district, from Sierra Leone to the Niger, has a harpe which
is produced at the apex into an acute spinelike process. ‘There is, moreover,
generally one spinelike tooth farther proximal, rarely several teeth. In the
other three subspecies—P. ph. congoanus from Kameran, Congo, Uganda, P. ph.
( 490 )
ansorgei from British East Africa, and P. ph. nyikanus from Nyassaland—the
harpe remains distally a low ridge which is nearly parallel to the edge of the
clasper and bears uumerous teeth at and near the point of curvature. The ridge
is raised into a slight lobe before curving dorsad. It is very remarkable that
the individuals from the Congo to Kameron contrast so strongly in the harpe
with those found farther north and agree with the eastern ones.
The two forms of the dimorphic female of P. phorcas have the same sexual
armature: see Noy. Zook. ili. p. 592 (1896).
NOTE ON UROPLATES FIMBRIATUS -LICHENIUS
SUBSPEC. NOV.
BY THE HON. W. ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D.
(Plates IIL., IV.)
N October 25th, 1902, I received alive an extraordinary Gecko from
Madagascar, which turned out to be a form of Uroplates fimbriatus. It lived
till July 1903, and shed its skin several times. The very beautiful eye is shown
on the plates. The most remarkable observations we were able to make were
that it used the fringe round the lower jaw, legs and tail, to cling to the glass
or branches in its cage in the same manner as all Geckos use the toe membranes.
The tail is also prehensile, and the animal can hang free suspended by the tail
by folding the sides of the tail round a branch. As the first specimen received
differed markedly from the description in the “ Catalogue of Lizards in the British
Museum,” which describes the colour as reddish brown, closely covered with black
spots, while this specimen is in addition, as the figure shows, variegated with large
lichen-like patches of white, I propose to call this form Uroplates fimbriatus
lichenius. Y must, however, do this with a reservation, as I have received another
specimen in August 1903, which is intermediate between my U. /. lichenius and
true U. fimbriatus ; therefore, although I treat the white spotted form for the
present as a subspecies, it remains very uncertain, till we get properly dated and
localised material, whether it is really a subspecies or only an aberration.
I append Mr. A. W. Head’s note on the fandus oculi, figured on Plate LV.
“The fundus oculi of the right eye is magnified 18 diameters. The colour
of the retina is a bright orange-red, stippled all over with a darker tint, giving it
a granular but very translucent appearance. Standing out at right angles to the
retina, and entirely covering the disc, is a well developed cone-shaped pecten, but
without plications, of a dark chocolate-brown colour, its base spreading out, and
fringed all round with irregular tufts of lighter brown pigment, embedded in small
patches of light orange, which has the appearance of the orange red of the fundus
having been brushed off. The process extends well towards the lens, and gradually
becomes darker and more sharply defined towards the apex, which is curved. L
have been unable to trace any opaque nerve fibres in this species.”
« —
to ded i
al dali
ave
dun soag wre pry
“SNINHHDIT
SOLVIHENIA SALVTAIOUN
Yaq 32 Isp User Ts
I Id
*
1907.
Eyes of Uroplates fimbriatus lichenius.
Left eye, double size, open (night) and closed
Fundus oculi, erect image, magnif, 18 diam
( 491 )
LEPIDOPTERA COLLECTED BY OSCAR NEUMANN IN
NORTH-EAST AFRICA.
By tar Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pu.D., ano KARL JORDAN, Pu.D.
| i more important portion of the Lepidoptera of which we publish here
the first instalment of a report has been collected by Herr Oscar Neumann
during his expedition through Schoa, the Arussi country, etc., southward to Lake
Abbaja, and thence westward to the Sobat River, an affluent of the Nile. Herr
O. Neumann travelled in company of Baron Carlo von Erlanger from Zeyla to
Harar, and thence west- and northwards to Adis-Abeba. Then the two explorers
separated. The Lepidoptera obtained during this joint expedition being also in
the Tring Museum, we have deemed it advisable to enumerate them together with
those collected by O. Neumann farther west. It must therefore be understood
that the specimens dated from February to August 1900 were collected during
the expedition of “von Erlanger and Neumann,” and those of a later date by
O. Neumann alone. Since the material is carefully dated, it forms a valuable
addition to our knowledge of the Lepidopterous fauna of the countries traversed,
having enabled us to compare minutely a good proportion of the forms inhabiting
these North-Hastern districts of tropical Africa with specimens from other parts
of the Aethiopian Region and from India. A summary of the results of our
research on these Lepidoptera will be given at the end of the report on the
collection.
As a list of species and varieties from a certain district is of value for the
student of geographical distribution and for the systematist only, if the names
under which the forms are recorded are really those which apply to the species
and yarieties of that particular country, we have endeavoured to avoid mistakes
in identification as far as possible by a more detailed study of the North-East
African Lepidoptera and their allies from other countries than is generally the
case in works of this kind. The consequence is that we have been able to
characterise a number of new forms hitherto unknown or misidentified, and to
correct mistakes committed by previous authors. Sometimes we have had to work
right through a genus in order to find the correct names for the Abyssinian forms.
In such cases we have given a kind of preliminary revision of the respective
genus. We have also added some new non-Abyssinian forms of such genera as
we had to deal with in this paper. Only the forms collected by O. Neumann,
either alone or together with Baron von Erlanger, are enumerated under consecutive
numbers.
In order to understand the relationship of one faunistic region with another,
in our case of the “ Abyssinian” fauna with the faunae of Kast and of West Africa
and of India, it is necessary to study the geographical distinctions presented by
the individuals from the various countries. We know from experience how very
puzzling lists of names of Lepidoptera with localities of capture can become to
the student, if the compiler of the list has neglected the geographical distinctions
and identified the insects carelessly. Such lists obscure the composition of the
( 492 )
fanna, and therefore, instead of being a contribution to our knowledge of the
insects and their distribution, hamper the student in understanding the facts of
distribution, variation and evolution, which stand all in very close connection.
We have shown in various places that geographical variation is very different
from non-geographical (seasonal, individual) variation. The geographical variation
is the beginning of the ramification of one species into more. From it has
resulted the enormous variety of existing species, each breeding true. The result
of individual and seasonal variation is di- or polymorphism within a species,
each form reproducing itself and the others, or the result may be modification
of one species into one other. Geographical varieties differ in various degrees.
They represent various steps in the evolution of daughter-species. Whoever
studies the distinctions of geographical varieties closely and extensively will smile
at the conception of the origin of species per saltum. For he will find that in
the large majority of cases the geographical distinctions are minute, and he will
see further that there is a complete gradation from geographically separate varieties
of a species which are very distinct from one another in colour, pattern and
structure in all individuals, to geographically separate portions of a species which
do not exhibit any distinctions. It is just this prevalence of minuteness in the
geographical distinguishing characters which gives us the best insight into the
working of evolution. Hence it is of the highest importance to demonstrate
wherever one can the prevalence of minute distinctions in geographically separate
portions of a species—a demonstration which depends entirely on the intensity
and minuteness of the research of the specialist in the systematics of the respective
group of animals.
The quantitatively small difference between geographical varieties does not
suffer in interest from its smallness. For the minuteness of the distinction
demonstrates directly that the variety is not the result of selection (by enemies)
in the ordinary sense. The differences between the Abyssinian variety of Argynnis
hyperbius and the North Indian variety become perceptible only on close com-
parison, and cannot possibly be of direct selection-value. The more such
geographical races (= subspecies) characterised by minute distinctions are pointed
out, the more direct selection is eliminated from the initiatory factors of evolution.
As variation is the basis of evolution, the intimate knowledge of the products of
variation within the species is the only safe substructure for theories on evolution.
Therefore we claim the detailed study of the variation of the species to be
one of the main objects of the modern systematist, who will look upon the varieties
always as indicating change, the change in characters taking (or having taken)
place either in connection with a change of the environment or without it. Having
this in mind, the student of insects will a priori be an unbeliever in the occurrence
of species over wide areas without the species being split up in the physio-
graphically different and separated districts into geographical varieties, and he will
require a special explanation if a wide distribution without corresponding change
in characters is observed. When we saw that the Oriental Argynnis hyperbius
was recorded from Abyssinia, we were convinced, without having seen specimens
from that country, that the Abyssinian individuals differed from Oriental ones.
Why? Because we knew Abyssinia to be a faunistic district inhabited by many
specialities, and because we knew Argynnis hyperbius having developed in the
Oriental Region into a number of easily recognised subspecies (= geographical
varieties). It would be anomalous if the Abyssinian individuals were not different.
( 493 )
On receiving O. Neumann’s material we saw at once that our supposition was
correct.
This being our standpoint, nobody can wonder that we are true to it also in
the present memoir. If there are geographical distinctions known to us, we record
them ; and in order to prevent the record from being forgotten or overlooked, and
hence lost to science, we give a name to the geographical variety, however minute
the distinction may be.
We have been blamed severely for occupying this standpoint, and acting in
accordance with it, by Dr. Pagenstecher in his paper on the butterflies collected
during Baron von Erlanger’s expedition after von Erlanger and O. Neumann had
separated.* Though we hold Dr. Pagenstecher in too high esteem to answer him
by a mere personal counter-attack, we judge it ill-advised to be again entirely
silent, as we were when Professor Aurivillius, in his great work on African
Rhopalocera, misrepresented our views on the nomenclature of varieties.t We
take the opportunity given to us by Dr. Pagenstecher, not of repudiating a blame
by blaming, but of answering the criticism by contrasting the aims, methods and
results of two schools of entomologists—if we may employ the term “school” in
this connection—leaving it to the reader to decide whether Dr. Pagenstecher is
right or wrong in his appeal for “ simplification.”
First let us consider for 2 moment the nomenclature of geographical forms.
Aurivillius and Pagenstecher disapprove strongly of the method we follow in
naming such varieties. The former says that he agrees with Staudinger in
designating geographical varieties in contradistinction to other varieties as var.
We maintain that. the term car. has been used and is in use for different kinds
of varieties, and that therefore its restriction to one single kind, namely, the
geographical variety—leads to éonfusion. Aurivillias himself, in Rhopalocera Aethio-
pica, furnishes a great many instances which justify our contention entirely. He
gives on p. 39 Amauris echeria as occurring, besides in Kameran and Fernando Po,
from Cape Colony northwards to British Hast Africa; and A. echeria var. albi-
maculata as inhabiting practically the same Hast African countries. On p. 54
we find Mycalesis dorothea recorded from Sierra Leone and its var. medusina from
the same place ; on p. 55 Mycalesis golo from Kamerun and the Congo, and var.
violascens from the Congo. And similarly the “ species” and their “ vars.” occur
together, according to Aurivillius, in the case of Mycalesis vulgaris and var.
angulosa and var. tolosa ; Mycalesis nebulosa and var. agraphis ; Henotesia strigula
and yar. subsimilis ; Acraea acrita and var. charibula ; Acraea braesia and var.
regalis: Charawes tiridates and var. mixtus ; Appias isokani and var. dubia (both
from Mombasa only !); Teracolus tone and var. phlegyas ; etc., ete.
These “ vars.” can surely not be geographical varieties. Sometimes Aurivillius
employs the term “ var. geogr.,” thus showing that “var.” is not even for himself
sufficiently precise. In fact, the term “ var.” is, as contended by ourselves,
used by Anrivillius and others for all kinds of varieties (individual, seasonal,
and geographical). This is the reason why we have dropped it altogether. We
thonght at first to replace “var.” by “subsp.” as a term for the geographical
variety = subspecies, but felt convinced that the application of “subsp.” would
soon become as indiscriminate as that of “ var.,” and therefore decided otherwise.
To emphasize also nomenclatorially the great distinction between the geographical
* Jahrb, Nass. Ver. Nat. \v. p. 121 (1902).
+ Rhopalocera Aethiopica p. 25; in Kongl, Sv. Nat. Ak. Handl, xxxi. 5 (1898) (issued 1899),
34
( 494 )
and the non-geographical variety, we have adopted the convenient method of
adding the name of the geographical variety to that of the species without
putting “var.” or “var. geogr.,” or “subsp.” between the two names, exactly
as in the case of genus and species. The formula for a species is Papilio
dardanus. We are accustomed to this formula, knowing at once when seeing
a similar formula (Precis octavia, Amauris echeria) that Papilio means a genus,
and dardanus a species of this genus. Nobody will insist on Papilio spec.
dardanus. The corresponding formula for the Abyssinian variety of dardanus
is dardanus antinorii, the formula telling us at a glance that dardanus is a
species and antinorii one of its geographical varieties. Why do some authors
insist on the longer formula, dardanus var. antinorii or dardanus var. geogr.
antinorii? There is no reason underlying the objection to dardanus antinorii—
it is only habit. Some older writers on vertebrates object to “ trinomials,” and
we see that Dr. Pagenstecher does the same. We can very well understand Orni-
thologists like Saunders, Dresser, Sharpe, etv., finding “ trinomials ’’ cumbersome,
these authors having been accustomed only to names for genera and _ species.
Habit is stronger than reason. However, that Sclater, one of the fathers of
the science of geographical distribution, writes disparagingly of the study of
geographical variation is a fact which is beyond our understanding. But we are
yet more astonished that Entomologists, and above all Lepidopterists, make three
names the basis of an objection. There are thousands and thonsands of forms
of insects with three names, and neither Pagenstecher nor Aurivillins have
really any objection to these “trinomials,” for they employ them, The formulae
Papilio dardanus var. antinorii and Papilio dardanus antinorii are surely both
trinominal. The second formula has, however, the great advantage of contrasting
much more conspicuously with the formulae for non-geographical varieties,
and it is the shorter of the two. If people will not see that, we cannot
help them.
However, differences of opinion in nomenclatorial matters are, as such, of
little importance. The names are not part of the natural history of the animals.
But if the objection to progressive innovations in nomenclature tends to affect
adversely the progress of science, it becomes dangerous. The danger to science
is obvious enough in the following sentences of Dr. Pagenstecher, l.c.: ‘I am
inclined to carry this simplification still further than it has been done by Aurivillius.
For it is possible, without the confusing introduction of new and independent
species-names (s/c /), to fix the interesting varieties produced by soil and season. . . .
The German scientific world appears indeed to intend remaining true to the
old Linnean nomenclature. ... It is to be hoped that the mania for erecting
‘new’ forms with new names will soon return into its proper limitations.”
If German science is anything, it is thorough. If the German Lepidopterists
really content themselves with the Linnean standpoint, as Dr. Pagenstecher says
they appear to do, the German scientists will hardly be willing to recognise
them as members of their fraternity. We well know that a good many collections
of insects are brought together only for the sake of the pleasure it gives the
owners to look over the beautiful or bizarre creations of Nature. We sympathise
with these collectors, because we experience the same pleasure. We also know
that there are still Entomologists who hate the “ugly ” pieces of paper under-
neath the insects bearing the name of the locality and of the collector, and the
date of capture, and who do not want to have the beauty of their specimens
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( 495 )
spoiled in this way, leaving them, in the good old fashion of Linnean times,
without indication of the special locality, ete., on which the modern stickler
for accuracy lays so much stress. And we are again well aware that a great,
many species have been and are being baptised for the sake of the pleasure
the anthors derive from the baptism. We do not grudge them either the honour
or the enjoyment; they are legitimate. But an author must not claim that to
be the ultimate aim of systematic work, though it may remain, with honour,
the Ultima Thule for many a deseriber of species. Every author may restrict
his work as he likes, but he must not put this restriction on science. The
extraneous barriers to the progress of science have fallen long ago. Members of
the scientific world ought not to erect barriers again ; they should not try to push
their own branch of science back into such narrow limits of thought and method
of research as science could be content with in the second half of the eighteenth
and the first half of the nineteenth century. Water and air are no longer
“elements” in physics and chemistry. Describing conspicuously different species
and putting them somehow together is no longer the sole object of systematists.
Ask the scientist to leave off searching minutely and laboriously for all the
components of the air; tell him that it is quite sufficient to know that the air
is composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and some carbonic acid. Perhaps he will
answer that the knowledge which satisfied him when he was a schoolboy does
not satisfy him now; perhaps he will only laugh; perhaps he will not even
do that.
A systematist may narrow down fis work to the standpoint of the older
writers on classification and not go beyond describing and classifying what is
different enough to be easily distinguished. We readily concede that. But we
also see that this “conspicuist” is very much mistaken if he believes himself
to be out of all difficnlties. As soon as he attempts to be critical, he will get
into a rare muddle. The non-recognition of non-conspicnous geographical varieties
—these varieties being the thorn in the eyes of the conspicuists—carries with
it the necessity of sinking as synonyms the names of all those non-conspicuous
geographical varieties (= subspecies) which have been recognised by other
authors, and consequently also the necessity of distinguishing between what
is conspicuously different and what is not. Now, it is a matter of common
knowledge that it is impossible to agree about what is and what is not
conspicuous. If only one or a few specimens of two forms are at our disposal,
the difference may appear slight, while it impresses itself more strongly on
the eye if a long series is compared side by side. Differences in bright colours
are more easily noticed than differences in sombre colours. To a trained eye
a distinction will appear conspicuous for which au untrained eye looks in vain.
An author who employs only the naked eye or at the highest a weak lens, and
consequently sees many characters only very dimly, naturally does not perceive
the distinctions hidden under the surface in the same bright light as the author
who employs a stronger magnifying power. After swimming on the surface
one should learn diving. A differential character grows in conspicuousness
the longer an author works at the respective group of species—that is to say,
the more familiar the author becomes with it. A small distinction, which is
apparently quite insignificant, grows at once in the mind of the scientist to
a conspicuous distinction, when discovered to be of high significance as a
diagnostic character. A doctor who has little experience in ophthalmic matters
( 496 )
may pass over a quantitatively insignificant affection of an eye as being trifling ;
while a good ophthalmist will at a glance pronounce this trifling affection to be
the beginning of a very serious disease of the eye. In short, it does not require
any special power of thought to perceive that the answer to the question “ whether
a difference is conspicuous enough” depends on each individual author. The
answer is dependent on the person—é.e., it is arbitrary ; and arbitrariness in
scientific research is a vice not to be suffered. It is a degradation of systematic
work against which we earnestly protest.
We can demonstrate a difference, and can show that it exists in all individuals
from the respective district which are known to science. If we do so, we record
only a fact in nature. Be the distinction easy or difficult to perceive, it is there.
We are not the authors of the distinction. We have only demonstrated its
existence, and we cannot accept any reproach for its demonstration, its occurrence,
or its smallness ; the demonstration being our duty as scientists and the character
having come into existence without our influence. The answer to the question
“ whether there is a difference” is always possible to be proved to be in the
positive or in the negative. There is nothing arbitrary here.
Since the conspicuist can only arbitrarily decide which forms he will recognise
and which not, it is obvions that one conspicuist will treat as synonymous what
another will consider worthy of recognition, and that an author who trusts too
implicitly the correctness of the synonymy as given by such conspicuists will re-
describe as new the very same form which his guides have put down as synonymous.
More frequent and of greater consequence is another danger to which the work
of conspicuists is exposed. Being accustomed to putting together as identical
what is not very distinct-looking, and to treating conspicuously different forms
as specifically distinct, he will naturally constantly be deceived by similarities
in species and dissimilarities in varieties. He will not be able to come by himself
to a correct result in the case of distinct species which are difficult to distinguish
in the ordinary way, and he will not find out for himself from the specimens
which conspicuously different forms are specifically distinct, which are geographical
races, and which are seasonal (or individual) varieties. Dr. Pagenstecher
maintains that the interesting varieties produced by soil and season can be fixed
without giving names to them. We maintain that they cannot, and that the
“ simplification” advocated by Dr. Pagenstecher tends to prevent an author
from eyen perceiving the geographical differences and from distinguishing betweeu
conspicuous specific characters and non-specific characters in many cases.
Let us illustrate what we have here said by looking at the result of the
“simplified” treatment of the Lepidoptera of Baron von Erlanger’s expedition
enumerated in the list quoted above.* There are three species of Amauris
mentioned in that list :—
1. Amauris niavius.—* The form dominicanus, differing from the West African
form niavius in the greater expanse of the white area of the hindwings, is severally
represented; from Gerwidscha, 14. xii. 00. and especially from Mombasa
29. vii. 01.”
We have not seen a Gerwidscha specimen, but knowing this place to be in
the North-East African subregion we are practically certain that the Gerwidscha
* We are very sorry that we have to mention Dr, Pagenstecher’s name so often; but we do not
see how we can present the case clearly to the reader without doing so, and without taking illustrations
from Dr. Pagenstecher’s paper in which we are personally blamed for our standpoint.
( 497 )
specimens do not differ from West African n/avius in “the greater expanse of the
white area of the hindwing,” and that they are the same (new) form which is
described in the present paper, differing conspicuously from dominicanus from
Mombasa (and other places of Hast Africa).
2. Amauris egialea.—* Only one specimen from Gotala, 18. i. 01.”
The butterflies and some moths collected during Baron yon Erlanger’s
expedition are now in the Tring Museum, except the specimens which Dr.
Pagenstecher kept for his collection. Among this material there is an Amauris
dated 18.1. 01. and labelled by Dr. Pagenstecher Amauris egialea. This specimed
is a geographical race of Amauris hecate, described by us below, and has nothing
to do with egzalea.
3. Amauris echeria.—‘ Some specimens from Galata, 13. xii. 00.”
This is a very distinct North-Hast African subspecies described long ago as
Amauris streckert. It will be found in our list as A. echeria streckeri.
We mention further that the specimens identified by Dr. Pagenstecher as
Ipthima asterope belong to several species, as could easily have been ascertained
by referring to the Revision of the genus Ipthima by Elwes and Edwards ; that the
North-East African specimens of Precis terea are not the “ var. elgiva,” but a
special geographical variety (described in this paper); that Precis trimeni from
Balta—we have not seen a specimen—is doubtless not trimeni but siméa, namely
the “wet phase” of antilope, which latter Pagenstecher enumerates as distinct
species after Precis trimeni; that Precis cuama, put down as a synonym of
antilope in the list, is a distinct species ; that the specimens recorded as Precis
milonia have nothing to do with that species; that the specimens recorded of
Precis octavia do not belong to the East African but to the West African
geographical variety ; that Salamis anacardii and parhassus are distinct species ;
that Neptis saclava from Madagascar and Neptis marpessa from Hast Africa
‘are not identical ; that the specimen of Papilio from Mombasa recorded as
leonidas is the very different P. philonoé ; etc., ete.
Butler made the suggestion that Atella phalantha and columbina are forms
of one species ; without however giving any reasons for that assumption. Dr.
Pagenstecher has accepted the suggestion as being founded on fact, and brings
accordingly columbina as a synonym of phalantha. Now, A. columbina does
not occur in the Oriental region, while phalantha does. When searching for
characters possibly distinguishing the African from the Oriental phalantha we
found at once that columbing had nothing to do with phalantha. The “mania”
for separation had “enabled us to disprove Butler’s suggestion, while the
“mania” for simplification has prevented Dr. Pagenstecher from recognising
that columbina is distinct from phalantha, as well as from noticing that
Aethiopian phalantha are different from Oriental phalantha.
A systematist who searches for minute distinctions is in a far safer position
than the “lumper.” Search for small differences means intensity and latitude of
research. Being sceptical in regard to the apparent identity of individuals from
zoogeographically different countries, he naturally turns from organ to organ
in order to find the expected evidence for the individuals having been born
under different skies. This latitude of study will enable the systematist very
often to show that individuals which appear superficially to be practically
identical are members of different species (as in Jpthima), and that specimens
which appear to represent conspicuously different species are only varietal forms
( 498 )
of one (as in Precis). He will be able to come to a correct conclusion where
the systematist of the old school is quite helpless.
This helplessness has very aptly been characterised by Prof. EH. B. Poulton,
when speaking of the seasonal phases of Precis* : “The results [p. 458] which
have been described and illustrated in this section of the present memoir are so
startling that they may well shake the confidence of naturalists in the whole fabric
of insect systematics. If such forms as [Precis] natalensis and sesamus, as simia
and antilope, as pelasgis and archesia, are nothing but the generations of two
alternating phases of a single species, approximately synchronised with the heat,
and cold or humidity and dryness of the alternating seasons, naturalists may feel
driven to ask, ‘ What becomes of the validity of specific distinctions?” .. . Under
the shock of Mr. Marshall’s discovery that sesamus and natalensis are two forms
of the same species, the systematist may well feel doubts about the foundations
upon which his science has been erected.” ... [p. 490] “There is, however,
nothing revolutionary or subversive in any of these interesting facts. The
conventional marks of specific distinction remain just as they were, convenient
indications to the systematist, enabling him provisionally to separate groups of
individuals into assemblages we call species. When his work is done carefully
subsequent breeding experiments will, we may be sure, confirm his conclusions
in the majority of cases. But here and there startling exceptions will be found,
when it is to the advantage of a species to appear in two or more very different
forms.” ... [p. 460]: “There is nothing subversive in the thought that certain
species exposed to different organic environments in two seasons of the year may
appear as cryptic generations at one of these, aposematic or pseudaposematic at
the other. The explanation is at any rate sufficiently probable to enable us to
contemplate Mr. Marshall’s wonderful discovery with equanimity and with an
interest undisturbed by the thought that he has laid in ruins the whole edifice
of insect systematics.”
That is a low estimate of the results of systematic work, but a just one if
applied to those Lepidopterists who are guided by the rule: “ conspicuous external
differences, two species ; no conspicuous external differences, one species.” But if
the estimate is meant to imply that the results of research in systematics must
always remain as poor as those characterised, it is erroneous. The scope of
systematic work is not so limited as there represented. Certainly, we read
every now and again in works on Lepidoptera that the “ species” of a certain
genus cau only be ascertained by breeding. We see that intergraduate
specimens between “ species” are got rid of by putting them down as hybrids,
and that numerous forms are described as “var.?” “ab.?” “spec. dist.?”
That this is so, is not the consequence of an inherent futility of systematics
as such, but is to a large extent the fault of the respective systematists
who did not employ the means at their disposal. If the authors interested
in African Butterflies had worked on them in the same way as, for instance,
Messrs. Godman and Salvin have done in the case of the Central American
Butterflies, and Messrs. Elwes and Edwards in the case of various groups of
Oriental and Holaretic Butterflies, the connection between the various supposed
“species ” of Precis would not have remained a secret for so long. Seasonal and
non-seasonal dimorphism can easily be recognised by the examination of the
genital armature of the Butterflies—at least in all those cases where the species
* Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond, 1902.
( 499 )
have something characteristical in these organs—a fact which is not difficult to
ascertain by comparison with those allied species which have been proved to be
distinct by their life-history. In the case of Precis there were the Vanessa and
the seasonally dimorphic Araschnia, which could have served as guides. We said
in 1896*: “... Most probably the artificially produced colour-varieties will be
normal in the genital armature. To this conclusion we are led by the experience
gained from the examination of seasonally dimorphic species. We paid special
attention to the copulatory apparatus of such species, with the hope of finding in
one or the other Papilio differences in the apparatus of the spring and summer
brood (or broods), but completely failed to come across a species which, both in the
wing-markings and in the sexual organs, showed seasonal dimorphism. . .. In
the case of winter and summer forms it is therefore evident that the influences
which bring about a change in the wings have no apparent effect on the sexual
armature.” .. . [p. 502] “If we apply this conclusion to the species of Papilio
externally polymorphic, it is evident that the genital armature of male and female
is an excellent criterion of specific identity. The various varieties of the male of
P. aegeus ormenus from New Guinea, of Troides priamus poseidon from the same
country, of P. memnon, and so on, many of which have been described as new
species, are thus easily demonstrated to be specifically the same. Still more
important is the application to the female sex. The numerous species with
polymorphic females, which so often are quite unlike each other, as in the case
of P. memnon, P. aegeus ormenus, P. polytes, and the African P. phorcas and
merope, and some American species an examination of the genital apparatus
of a number of specimens will at once make it clear whether the forms in question
belong certainly to one species, or whether they eventually can belong to more
species.”
Since then we have kept this subject in view during all our researches, and
have in various places drawn attention to the fact that seasonal and individual
dimorphism is not accompanied by differences in the sexual armature, while
geographical varieties are in numerous cases distinguished by a more or less
obvious peculiarity in the copulatory organs. We do not think that systematists
who examine these structures will very often be deceived by polymorphism. On
the contrary, the danger for them lies just in the opposite direction. They will
be inclined to regard as varietal members of one species all those forms which do
not exhibit distinctions in those organs. However, they will be wary if they know,
as we know vow, that there are many distinct species which are identical in the
copulatory armature. The systematist need not stop at the examination of those
structures. What prevents him from improving his methods of research in
accordance with modern requirements, just as the methods in other branches of
zoology have been improved? If the Lepidopterist cannot come to a satisfactory
conclusion from the examination of the pattern, colour and shape of the wings, the
neuration, the structure of the legs, mouth-parts, sexual armature, etc., he must
learn to extend his research still further. The dry cabinet-specimens of insects do
not present the complete organisation of the live individuals. But the Entomologist
is at least in a better position than the student of bird- and mammal-skins, his
specimens being more complete. He is even able to anticipate the observations on
the early stages to a certain extent. The eggs are always at his disposal in the
body of the females—lack of material, of course, puts a stop to all research, as does
* Mechanical Selection p, 499; in Nov. Zoot. iii,
( 500 }
lack of time—and he may, moreover, find the young caterpillar, or at least its head,
in those eges which are situated in the oviduct. We cannot advise the Lepidopterist
in the way Professor Poulton seems to do—namely, to go on separating species
and varieties in the old way, and leave it to the observer of the life-history to
correct the mistakes. The systematist can do more, althongh (as a matter of
course) the observation of the life-history will always remain the w/tima ratio also
in systematic work. We must not forget that the sexes of many or most insects
do not recognise one another by the distinguishing characters by which we are
able to separate the species. There are specific characters beyond those, characters
which are no more of a spiritual kind than the distinctions in pattern, organs of
copulation, colour, ete. Are we debarred from hunting for them and discovering
them? We must remember that the Helminthologist would scarcely look with
satisfaction on worms preserved in the way of Lepidoptera ; a papered specimen
would hardly be of much good to him. The Entomologist need not absolutely
stick to dried-up specimens.
The ideal here presented may be too lofty for many ; but that is no reason
why an admirer of the frail and beautiful children of Nature should not try to
advance from the position of a distant amateur to that af an intimate amant.
The great drawback in systematic research is the frequent lack of adequate
material. When working through the African species of Precis for the purposes
of this paper, we had no difficulty in ascertainiug that Precis cuama is the same
species as trimeni, pelarga the same as leodice, that pelargoides is the “ wet phase”
of sinuata, that antilope (= simia) is distinct from cuama (= trimeni), that milonia
is distinct from sézwata and the other forms which Aurivillius has treated as
varieties of mélonia, etc. But we have not been able to come to a definite con-
clusion about Precis tugela, aurorina, and pyriformis, from lack of material. If
one wants to find out the extent of variation in a species, it is obviously necessary
to possess the material which exhibits the variation. It is no more possible to
determine the limits of variation of a species from a few specimens, than it is
to study the characters of an individual from a piece of a wing. It was M. Charles
Oberthiir who more than twenty years ago remonstrated with Hntomologists
against the habit of restricting themselves to a small number of individuals of
each species and variety, and who addressed to them an appeal for correct labelling
with exact locality and date of capture. A large and well-labelled material is a
necessary premiss for good systematic work ; without it the systematist is con-
stantly hampered in his labours. Judging from the materials offered to the Tring
Museum from various sources on the; Continent, there are still Entomologists,
dealers, and their collectors in the Tropics who are unaware of the great importance
of correct labelling. Frequent admonitions administered from various sides to this
kind of suppliers has done much to improve this state of things, and it is to be
hoped that also all the smaller collections will by-and-by come up in labelling
to the standard of the more recent parts of the Hope Department of the Oxford
Museum, and of the collection of M. Charles Oberthiir, so that, when those
small private collections ultimately come into some public institute, the material
there accumulating will be worth preserving. We are specially pleased that
Herr Oscar Neumann and Baron von Erlanger have been so careful in dating
the Lepidoptera ; indeed, we could hardly expect from such ardent students of
geographical variation that they would be negligent in this point.
( 501 )
NYMPHALIDAE.
DANAINAE.
1. Danaida chrysippus.
Papilio Danaus chrysippus Linné, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 471, n. 81 (1758) (partim) (Egypt).
Euploea dorippus Klug, in Hempr. & Ehrenb., Symb. Phys. Ins. t. 48. f. 1-5 (1845).
Danaida chrysippus, Aurivillius, Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xzxi. 5. p. 32. n. 1 (1899).
Danaida dorippus, id., l.c. 0, 2 (1899).
As D. chrysippus and dorippus are connected by intermediate specimens
(which are rare), and do not differ in structure, we consider them to be forms
of the same species. However, it is very remarkable that dorippus is confined
to Fatern Africa, S. Arabia, and Western India, while chrysippus is much
more widely distributed. So far the two forms have not been bred from one
another.
There are four forms, ali contained in the Neumann collection.
(a). f. chrysippus.
Hindwing without white area.
In a 2? from Madali the apex of the forewing, on the upperside, bears a
large tawny patch outside the white band. Another specimen, a ¢ from the
Bassijo R., Gindeberat, 24. ix. 00; Madali, Abai R., 1. x. 00; Lake Zuai, 24. xi. 00;
north of Galana R., Lake Abbaia, 27. xii. 00 ; Lake Abbaia to Lake Gandjule,
4. i. 01; Mole R., 22.71.01; Senti R., Gofa, 29.1. 01; Banka, Mala, 17. 1. 01;
Alesa, Koteha, 24. ii. 01; Uma R., Konta, 1. ii. 01; Anderatscha, Kaffa,
9—19. iii. 01: Gelo R. to Akobo R., v. O01.
(4). f. alcippus.
Papilio Danaus Festivus alcippus Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 45. t. 127. £. E. F. (1777) (Sierra Leone).
Danaida chrysippus var. et. ab, aleippus, Aurivillius, /.c.
Hindwing with white area, which varies in extent.
The form with the hindwing more or less extended white is much rarer in
East Africa than the previous form, while it is the ordinary form of West
Africa. The Bast African alcippus are, on the whole, less extended white than
west coast specimens.
43, 2%, from: Wabbi, Abuleassim, 14. vii. 00; Upper Urga, Kollu,
Schoa, 23. ix. 00 ; Upper Bassijo, Gindeberat, 24. ix. 00 ; Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00 ;
Detscha to Schubba, Konta, 18. iv. 01 ; Gelov R. to Akobo R., v. 01.
(c). f. dorippus.
Euploea dorippus Klug, 1.c. text (1845).
Euploea dorippus vav., id., Lc. f. 5 (1845).
Limnas klugi Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 758. n. 2 (1885) (Somaliland).
Danaida dorippus ab. infumata Aurivillius, /.c. p. 33 (1899).
Hindwing without white area.
Klug’s name dorippus is based in the text on specimens with tawny hindwings,
while on the plate the specimens with the hindwings partially white are named
( 502 )
dorippus. Since we must give the text preference to the plate, the name
dorippus must be applied to the form without white.
26 dh, 19 22%, from: Bio Caboba, near Harar, 18. ii. 00; Artu, north of
Harar, 22. ii. 00 ; Djildessa, north of Harar, 3. iii. 00; Harar, 3.—30. iv. 00 ;
Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 14. v. 00; Rufa, Nalloje, 31. v. 00; Mojo R.,
Atschubo, 2. vi. 00; Kumbi, 6. vi. 00; near Luku, 13. vi. 00; Odamuda to
Djugi, Djidda, 20. vi. 00; Lake Zuai, 24. xi. 00; Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00;
Lake Abbaia to Lake Gandjule, 4. i. 01; Antote R., Male, 19. i. 01; Mole R.,
22. i. 01; Banka to Omo, 18. ii. 01; Alesa, Kotscha, 23. 24. & 26. ii. 01;
Uma R., Konta, 1. ii. 01.
(d). f. albinus.
Euploea dorippus var., Klug, Ic. text (1847).
Euploea dorippus, id., l.c. £. 1-4 (1847).
Danais dorippus ab. albinus Lanz, Iris ix. p. 130 (1896) (Tanganyika).
Danaida dorippus var. et ab. albinus, Aurivillius, /.c.
Hindwing with white area, which is variable in extent.
Some of the specimens (4d and 2) possess a white subapical macular band
on the forewing, which is especially distinct on the underside. These spots
occur also in f. Alugi (see Poulton, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1902. t. 15. f. 1. 1a),
being in some of our individuals quite plainly visible also above.
10 3,4 22, from: Gara Mulata, near Harar, 21. iii. 00 ; Harar, 12. iv. 00;
Atschabo to Kumbi, 4. vi. 00; Kumbi, 6. vi. 00; Jabolo, 14. vi. 00 ; Gololota,
18. vi. 00; Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00 ; Wabbi, Abulcassim, 14. vii 00;
Lake Zuai, 24. xi. 00; Abera, Djamdjam, 16. xii. 00; Alesa, Kotscha, 24. 11. 01;
Alesa to Schetie, Kotscha, 25. ii. 01; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 26. iii. 01.
Danaida chrysippus cannot be generically separated from the American gilippus
and derenice, Limnas being a synonym pure and simple of Tasitia.
2. Danaida limniace petiverana.
Danais limniace var. petiverana Doubleday, Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. i. p. 93. sub n. 31
(1847) (Africa).
Danaida limniace var. petiverana, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 33. n. 3 (1899); Pagenst., Jahrb. Nass.
Ver. Nat. lv. p, 130. n. 3 (1902).
Aurivillius, /.c., queries the validity of the name pefiverana, considering it
to be a nondescript. Though there is indeed no description given by Doubleday
and Westwood, /.c., the name must nevertheless stand, since the authors refer
to their plate 12. fig. 1 as representing the “var. petiverana” from “ Africa.”
13 63 from: Mojo R., Atschubo, 2. vi. 00; Gololota, 18. vi. 00; Webbi,
8. vii. 00 ; Gardulla, 13. i. 01; Senti R., Gofa, 29. i. 01 ; Gamitscha to Anderatscha,
Kaffa, 6. iii. 01; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 11.—19. iii. 01; Scheko, 25. iv. 01.
3. Danaida formosa neumanni.
Danaus formosa neumanni Rothschild, Nov. Zoou, ix. p. 596, n. 4 (1902).
18 63,1 9%, from: Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00 (¢); Koritscha to
Tomata, Dara R., 24. xii. 00; Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01; Anderatscha,
Kaffa, 7.—19. iii. 01.
( 503 )
4. Amauris niavius aethiops subsp. nov.
(2?) Amauris niavius var. dominicanus, Pagenstecher (non Trimen, 1879), U.c. p. 131. n. 1 (1902)
(partim ; Gerwidscha).
39. Similar to A. niavins niavius, but the white subapical band of the
forewing distinctly narrower, the last patch of the band especially being shorter,
leaving room for one or two separate white dots near the distal margin of the
wing; the black (respectively brown-black) apical marginal band of the hindwing
decidedly wider on the underside, the difference in width not being so obvious
on the upperside.
Type: Auderatscha.
23 $d, 1 2, from: Alata, Sidamo, 13. xii. 00; Uma R., Konta, 1. iii. O1 ;
Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. ii. 01; Gamitscha to Anderatscha, Kaffa, 6. iii. O1;
Anderatscha, Kaffa, 11.—19. iii. 01 ; Detscha to Schubba, Kaffa, 11. iv. 01; Scheko,
Bits tye Wile
5. Amauris ochleides darius subsp. nov.
3. Differs from ochl. ochleides in the submarginal and admarginal white
dots being less numerous, especially on the upperside, and in the posteriorly
less extended white area of the hindwing. From ochl. bumilleri it is distinguished,
inter alia, by the cell-patch and the patch M'—M? of the forewing being
contiguous.
Type: Anderatscha.
31 $d, from: Koritscha to Tomata, Dara R., Gudji, 24. xii. 00; Wori to
Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01; Gamitscha to Anderatscha, Kaffa, 6. iii. O01;
Anderatscha, Kaffa, 12.—19. iii. 01; Upper Gelo R., 4. v. OL.
The number of white admarginal and submarginal dots is very variable ;
some specimens have as many such dots on the underside of the hindwing as
are present in ochleides ochleides, and in one individual all the white dots found -
on the upperside of the hindwing of ochl. ochleides are at least indicated. The
two subapical dots of the forewing are absent from the upperside in many
individuals, sometimes also from the underside. The forewing is a little less
elongate than in ochl. bumilleri.
We have a long series of ochl. bumilleri, obtained by Dr. Ansorge at the
north end of Lake Nyassa. In one of these specimens the cell-patch and the
patch _M'—M? of the forewing are contiguous, approaching in size the patches of
A. ochlea. From this specimen A. ochl. darius differs by the median and the
subapical bands of the forewing being narrower and the white area of the
hindwing being smaller.
The “brand” is the same in A. ochleides and A. ochlea, the position of the
spots and patches is also the same, and the sexual armature does not exhibit
any difference. Possibly A. ochlea and ochleides ave forms of the same species,
ochlea being the insect inhabiting the coast districts, occurring inland as far as
the north end of Lake Nyassa, bumilleri occupying the Tanganyika plateau,
darius the southern districts of the Aethiopian Kmpire, and ochleides Erytrea and
probably Abyssinia proper.
( 504 )
6. Amauris hecate stictica subspec. nov.
Amauris egialea, Pagenstecher, l.c. p. 131. n. 2 (1902) (Gotala, 18. i. 01).
g. Much smaller than hec. hecate, the forewing less elongate, its outer
margin less sinuate, the hindwing much more rotundate; the white patch in
the cell of the forewing and patch M!—M? smaller, the discal spots R!—R?
reduced to dots, the second often absent; the hindwing with more submarginal
dots. On the underside the hindwing bears two series of dots near the margin,
the outer series being mostly incomplete, consisting of tiny dots, while the
inner series extends from SC? to SM® or to M%, and is farther away from
the margin than in hec. hecate ; the white median costal spot of the hindwing
is generally not followed by a second spot, but the base of cellule SC2—R? is
white in most specimens.
Length of forewing : 33 to 37 mm.
Type: Anderatscha.
31 3 from: Habela to Alata, Sidamo, 11. xii. 00; Koritscha to Tomata,
Gudji, 24, xii, 00; Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01; Gamitscha to Anderatscha,
Kaffa, 6. iii. 01; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 9—19. iii. 01; Anderatscha to Godjeb,
Kaffa, 24. iii. 01; Sobeko, 28. iv. 01.
Among Baron yv. Erlanger’s material there is a specimen of this insect
(Gotala, 18. i. 01) labelled by Pagenstecher as egialea. This identification
is rather wild.
7. Amauris echeria streckeri.
Amauris streckeri Kheil; Berl. Ent. Zeitschr, xxiii. p, 393. fig. (1889) (Abyssinia).
Amauris echeria var. (ab. ?) streckeri, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 39, sub n. 15 (1899).
Amauris echeria, Pagenstecher, U.c. p. 131. n. 3 (1902) (Galata),
Apparently a common insect in the Aethiopian Empire. It is easily differen-
tiated from ech. jacksoni and ech. echeria by the narrowness of the band of the
hindwing, which is occasionally interrupted, and the more numerous admarginal
and submarginal spots in both fore- and hindwing. The spots of the forewing
are of the same colour as the band of the hindwing, not being white as apparently
in all individuals of echeria from British East Africa and Uganda.
32 dd from: Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00; Alata, Sidamo, 13, xii. 00; Koritscha
to Tomata, 24. xii. 00; Wori to Gawitscha, Kaffa, 5. ili. 01; Gamitscha to
Anderatscha, 6. iii. 01 ; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 9.—19. iii. 01.
Amauris albimaculata Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (4). xvi. p. 394 (1875), which
Aurivillius (l.c.) treats as a geographical (szc/) variety of echeria, though both
are widely distributed over Eastern Africa, is decidedly distinct from echeria.
We doubt, however, that the insects commonly referred to as albimaculata are
always this species, the true distinguishing characters apparently never having
been pointed out. Aurivillius has already mentioned that the “brand” of the 3
of albimaculata is much longer than that of echeria. This differential character
holds good right through our very long series of echeria (and varieties) and of
albimaculata. This distinction is accompanied by the following differences: in
echeria the tenth tergite of the abdomen of the 3 is slightly or not at all sinuate,
while it is bilobate in albimaculata; the clasper of the 3 of echeria is ventrally
much more emarginate than in alb/maculata, and the distal edge is more rounded.
The underside of the abdomen is in both sexes of albimaculata as pale as the
( 505 )
median band of the hindwing or paler, becoming white at the base, while the
underside of the abdomen of echeria is about as dark olive-black as the marginal
area of the hindwing. The white spot on the second segment of the palpus
is always long in both sexes of albimuculata, and always short in echeria. The
spots of the forewing are white, but that is also the case in nearly all echeria
jacksoni and the greater proportion of echeria echeria.
The specimens described by Butler as Amauris harringtoni belong to
albimaculata.
NYMPHALINAKE.
8. Atella phalantha aethiopica subspec. nov.
Trimen, in S. Afr. Butt. i. p. 192 (1887), points out some differences
between the Oriental and African specimens of phalantha. He says: “In the
Asiatic Region . . . the butterfly appears constantly to present on the upper side
of the forewings the middle discal row of black spots, which in South African
individuals is only completely shown on the underside ; and in the same way
they possess on the upper side of the hindwings two lines of disconnected short
thin black lines before the discal row of spots corresponding in position to the
streaks present on the under side.” We have very long series of specimens from
the Aethiopian and Oriental Regions, and are able to confirm Trimen’s statemeut.
We add to the distinctions given another which also holds good in all individuals :
the bars in the basal half of the hindwing below are deep brown or biack in
the Oriental specimens and pale brown or ochraceous in African ones, the difference
in colour being especially noticeable in the double bar situated at the end of the
cell, if individuals of the same sex are compared. Specimens from the Malagasic
Subregion, especially females, approach a little the Oriental individuals. The
clasping organs of the male are practically alike in African and Indian
examples, the sinus of the clasper being perhaps a little deeper and the
lower lobe of the clasper slightly more spatulate in the Oriental specimens.
Type of aethiopica from the Gillet Mts., Somaliland, 1. July 1900 (Erlanger
and Neumann).
West African specimens are on the whole heavier spotted than Hast African
ones, the bars in the middle of the wings being more accentuated and therefore
appearing more numerous.
Baron von Erlanger and O. Neumann found five dd, three 9 ? at: Harar,
30. iv. 00; Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 11., 14. & 15. v. 00; Gillet Mts.,
1900—2200 m., 29. vi. & 1. vii. 00; Wallenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 9. vii. U0;
Boko-Kore, Hauash River, 5. viii. 00.
O. Neumann captured only one ¢ of this common insect at the Mole River,
Lt. 00,
The individuals of Ated/a phalantha from the island of Sokotra captured by
Messrs. Forbes and Grant, and recorded as phalantha by Mr. W. K. Ogilvie-
Grant in Forbes, Nat. Hist. Sokotra p. 302 (1903), represent a very remarkable
subspecies, being similar to dark Indian specimens on the upper- and pale
African ones on the underside. We name it
Atella phalantha granti subspec. nov.
Black markings of the upperside heavy on both wings, the discal row of bars
continued to SM? of hindwing, the median bars SC’—R? of the same wing
( 506 )
distinct ; the submarginal, crenate line heavy, slightly interrupted on the hind-
wing at R°, Underside rather uniform in colour, purplish and ochraceous, the
admarginal line obsolete on both wings, the submarginal one faint; bars of
hindwing all ochraceous, not brown or black, postdiscal spots without black or
brown centres; ochraceous discal line heavy, continuous ; no whitish patches
outside this line.
Hab.: Sokotra; 2 32 in the Tring Museum, a series of specimens in the
British Museum.
Atella columbina.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus columbina Cramer, Pap. Ev. iii. p. 76. t. 238. £.4.B, (1779) (“ China,
Coromandel,” error loci).
Atella eurytis Doubleday, in Doubl., Westw. & Hew., Gen. Diurn. Lep. I. p. 167. t. 22. f. 3 (1848)
(W. Africa).
Atellu phalanta var., Trimen, S. Afr, Butt, ed. 1. p. 115 (1862) ; id., Kirby, Cat. Diurn, Lep. p. 154
n. 1, 1871 (partim) ; id., Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 53 (1898) (wet form = columbina, dry
form = phalantha ! !) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 137. n, 1 (1902) (partim).
Atella columbina, Trimen & Bowk., S. Afr. Butt. i. p. 193. n, 58 (1887).
Butler was quite wrong in maintaining that A. phalantha and columbina are
forms of one species. The fact that columbina does not occur in the Oriental
Region should have made him hesitate to publish a statement which was
supported by no evidence whatever. The two insects are constantly different in
structure and pattern. Some distinctions in colour were well pointed out by Trimen
in 1887, Zc. We add that the median spots just behind the cell on the
underside of the forewing are (as a rule) obsolete in columbina and distinct in
phalantha, that the hindwing is more obviously produced at R* in columbina, and
that in phalantha the cross-vein D* of the hindwing is just opposite M*, while it is
more proximal in columbina. The copulatory organs are very different in phalantha
and columbina.
In the males of both species the clasper bears at the dorsal margin, close to the
tenth (supra-anal) tergite, a very long, thin, tapering process, beset with bristles
and tubercles. This process, which is doubtless of % sensory nature, being very
thinly chitinised at the tip, is strongly elbowed in phalantha, and feebly and
gradually curved in columbina. The apical margin of the clasper is obliquely
and very shallowly sinuate below the filamentous process in columbina, and deeply
sinuate in phalantha. Above the sinus the clasper of phalantha is produced
into a short obtuse lobe, and below the sinus into another, much longer, lobe.
In columbina the upper lobe is barely indicated, and the portion of the clasper
below the sinus is only a little produced, being broad, obtuse, and slightly truncate.
This broad, short lobe is armed at the lower corner with an acute tooth. The penis
has a special armature within the sheath. The armature consists in columbina
of an elongate swelling on each side, beset with short teeth-like tubercles. In
phalantha the two swellings are enlarged, projecting from the sheath. The two
together resemble somewhat a pair of feet of an armadillo with the backs
turned towards each other, and beset all over the convex surface with long,
strong, curved, claw-like teeth.
While the West African specimens of columbina are- generally large, and bear
large black postdiscal spots on the underside of the hindwing, the individuals from
South and East Africa are small and have the postdiscal spots reduced in size.
The specimens from Somaliland and the western districts of the Abyssinian Empire,
for which we propose the name
( 507 )
9. Atella columbina microps subspec. nov.,
agree with the East and South African examples except in having the basal area
of the upperside of the wings distinctly shaded over with olive. In the female
this olive shade extends on the forewing from the base to the median series of
spots, situated just outside the cell.
Type: 3, from Walenso, Gillet Mts., 9. July 1900 (Erlanger & Neumann).
eid d) 9 Sy from: Guillet Mts., 1. vii. 00; Walenso, Gillet Mts.,
2000 m., 8. & 9. vii. 00 ; Gara-Daig, Abunas, 2500 m., 10. vil. 00; Tscheratscha to
Goscho, Metscha, 17. ix. 00 ; Habela to Alata, Sidamo, 11. xii. 00.
10. Argynnis hyperbius neumanni.
Argynnis niphe, Oberthiir (won Linné, 1767), Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova xv. p. 155. n. 23 (1879) ; id.,
Le. xviii. p. 718. n. 26 (1883) (Shoa).
Argynnis hyperbius, Aurivillius (zon Linné, 1763), Kongl. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. xxxi. 5. p. 127.
(1899) (Abyssinia) ; Pagenst., Jc. p. 137 (1902) (Aethiopia; not different from Oriental
specimens).
Argynnis hyperbius neumanni Rothschild, Noy. Zoot. ix. p. 596 n. 5 (1903) (Kaffa ; Schoa).
Mr. Moore removed Argynnis hyperbius (= niphe) from the other Argynnis,
Lep. Indica iv. p. 230 (1900), keeping it in a separate genus, Acidalia, especially
on account of the presence in hyperbius of androconial scales on the median and
submedian veins of the forewing, and some differences in the outline of the wing.
He quotes Nicéville’s statement that the androconia are absent from the Ceylon
form of hyperbius, but does not reject it, though he includes this Ceylon form as
a distinct species in Acidalia. Our material shows that the presence of raised
androconial scaling on the veins of the forewing is in this case decidedly not a
character of generic value. The males from Continental (North and South) India
have a distinct fold on the lower median vein, M2, while this fold is absent from
the specimens occurring in China, Formosa, Japan, Java, etc., the males from these
countries being either practically without androconia on the veins or possessing
only a limited number of. such scales, which are, moreover, not raised. In the
Abyssinian subspecies the streaks of androconia are just vestigial, the difference in
this respect from South and North Indian specimens being very marked.
There is another structural character distinguishing newmanni from the Indian.
as well as the other Oriental forms of hyperbius. The dorsal portion of the clasper
of hyperbius is produced into a horizontal process. The process is club-shaped,
naked, and beset with small pointed tubercles. In neumanni this process is
decidedly shorter than in the Oriental subspecies, being in the former a little
shorter and in the latter longer than the lobe of the clasper lying beneath it. The
rest of the clasper is divided by an apical sinus into a long and narrow upper and
a short and broad ventral lobe. In newmanne the upper lobe is narrower and the
lower one Jess denticulate than in the Oriental forms.
15 33,6 2%, from: Badattino to Abnje, Schoa, 28. ix. 00; Kollu to Kilbe,
Schoa, 6. x. 00 ; Abela to Halata, Sidamo, 12. xii. 00 ; Abera, Djamdjam, 18.—23.
xii. 00 ; Gamfa, Doko, 13. ii. 01 ; Naja to Banka, Malo, 14. ii. 01; Banka, Malo,
17. ii. 01; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 11. iit. 01; Detscha to Schubba, Kaffa, 11. iv. 01.
The species apparently does not occur in the mountainous districts of North
Somaliland (Gillet Mts.), where a good many collections have come from.
The names of hyperbius, niphe, argyrius, and tigris apply all to Chinese
specimens, and ftephnia was proposed by Godart for Chinese and Indian males.
( 508 )
The first name given to a North Indian specimen alone is arwna, based upon
an aberrant, melanistic individnal by Moore in Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. E. I. Co. 1.
p. 156. t. 3a. f. 4 (1857). The North Indian subspecies, distinguished in the 3
from A. hyperbius hyperbius by the presence of a conspicuous androconial fold on
M? of the forewing, has therefore to be referred to as :
A. hyperbius aruna.
Antanartia gen. nov.
Typus: Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus delius Drury, Illustr, Ex. Ins, iii, p. 18. t. 14. £. 5. 6 (1782)
(Sierra Leone).
The classification of the hairy-eyed Nymphalids allied to Vanessa is in an
unsatisfactory state, the genera being largely based on one of the most unreliable
characters—namely, the outline of the wings. As we know from Precis that the
outline of the wings varies considerably within the limits of some of the species
of that genus, one may @ priori conclude that a difference in the shape of the
wings in the allied Nymphalids can hardly be considered to be by itself of generic
value. This is neither the place to give a revision of the genera allied to Vanessa,
nor have we at present the time to compare all the known species thoroughly,
as would be necessary for a satisfactory arrangement of these insects. But having
here to enumerate three species of this relationship, we had either to accept
as valid the general belief that two of them belonged to the American genus
Hypanartia, and that the third, though similar in colour, was a member of the
cosmopolitan genus Pyrameis, or to investigate ourselves the question of the generic
position of abyssinica, hippomene, and schaeneia. The association of the last two
species with a number of American Nymphalids in one genus Hypanartia has been
brought forward again and again in memoirs on geographical distribution as
evidence for a connection between the Aethiopian and Neotropical faunae, and
hence as evidence for a former direct connection between the respective continents.
A comparison of the Neotropical and African species of Hypanartia, however,
proved to us at once not only that the supposed generic identity of these American
and African insects was illusory, but also that the so-called African Hypanartia
are less nearly related to the American ones than to the African “ Pyrameis”
abyssinica.
The American Hypanartia stand, in one very curious character, in contra-
distinction to all (?) Nymphatinae, being in this character sharply separated at
least from all allies of Vanessa. The ninth and tenth abdominal tergites of the
male of Lepidoptera, as is well known, are not sharply separated from one another.
They are generally strongly chitinised, and mesially produced into the supra-anal
hook (which is either mesially divided or simple). The eighth tergite is normally
truncate, not differing essentially from the preceding segments. In all the
American Hypanartia, and here only, the eighth tergite is produced into a mesial
hook. This hook lies above the supra-anal one (tenth tergite), concealing it from
view. The peculiar structure has not been noticed before, as far as we know.
Messrs. Godman & Salvin, in Biol. Centr. Amer., Rhop. i., simply state that the
tegumen (i.e. the tenth tergite) of the males of Hypanartia is strongly developed.
The series of American species included in Hyparnartia fall in two natural
groups, which may have the rank of genera, dethe and allies being characterised by
( 509 )
an open cell to the hindwing, and differing also in other respects from dione and
allies, which have the cell closed.
In the African species, which we separate generically as Antanartia, no trace
of the hook of the eighth abdominal segment is to be found. In fact, the copulatory
organs are not of the same type as in Hypanartia. The third subcostal branch of
the forewing stands, moreover, much farther from the cell than in Hypanartia,
The cell of the hindwing is closed, the cross-vein standing distally of the point of
origin of M', while it is placed opposite M! or proximally of it in Hypanartia
dione, kefersteini, lindigi, ete.
11. Antanartia hippomene. ©
Hypanartia hippomene Hiibner, Sammi. Ex. Schm. ii. t. 25 (1816-24) (S. Afr.) ; Butler, Proc.
Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 918. n.17 (1900) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 137 (1902).
Butler, /.c. p. 917. n. 16, remarks that /Acppomene and schaeneia have been
said to be seasonal phases of one species. We do not know who besides Butler
himself, Zc. 1895. p. 727, has put forward such a suggestion; but it was
certainly done without a careful examination of the insects. The two species,
of which Pagenstecher (/.c.) has again pointed out the differences in colour and
pattern, are very different in structure. The patch of modified scales situated
on the underside of the forewing near the base along the hinder margin is
in schaeneia restricted to the area behind the submedian vein SM?, while in
hippomene it extends beyond this vein. The club of the antenna is decidedly
broader in /ippomene than in schaeneia. The hindtibia is spinose on the back
from middle to end in Aippomene, while the tibia of schaeneia has no distinct
dorsal spines. The sexual armature differs also conspicuously in the two
insects. The clasper of Aippomene is produced at the apex just above the
middle into a long, sharply pointed, curved, strongly chitinised process, and is
shallowly sinuate below this process ; on the inner surface there is a large oblique
fold, which is widest towards the base of the process, and is here armed with
several acute teeth ; along the ventral edge of the clasper, and partly covered by
the fold just mentioned, there is the harpe, represented by a strongly chitinised,
nearly straight process, which is armed at the end with conical, pointed, claw-like
teeth. In the other species, schaeneia, the clasper is more complicated ; it is
deeply sinuate at the end in the middle ; the upper lobe, which corresponds to the
process of 4ippomene, is much shorter than this process, broader and less chitinised ;
the lower portion of the clasper is again sinuate, a slender process below the middle
being separated by a deep sinus from the most ventral, obtuse lobe ; on the inner
surface the clasper bears a feebly chitinised, setiferous, slender process instead of
the dentate fold of hippomene, and the harpe is much longer, projecting beyond the |
apex of the clasper, being produced into a long slender point. ‘The vaginal aperture
of schaeneia is situated on a conical projection of the apical margin of the seventh
sternite; this cone is smooth, and is separated from the seventh sternite by a
transverse groove. In dippomene the projection is very short, and bears on the
surface a horseshoe-shaped impression. ‘The egg of schaeneia is much shorter
than that of hippomene, and bears 10 carinac, while that of A¢ppomene has only 9.
_ The Abyssinian specimens of Aippomene are all short-tailed, but do not present
any constant difference from Hast and South African ones.
9 33,1 %, from: Kollu, Schoa, 21. ix. 00; Badattino, Gindeberat, 4. x. 00;
Abera, Djamdjam, 16—18. xii. 00; Dereta Mts., Kafta, 2. in. OL.
35
( 510 )
12. Antanartia schaeneia diluta subsp. noy.
Vanessa schoeneia, Oberthiir (non Trimen, 1879), Aun. Mus. Civ. Gen. xviii. p. 723. n. 46. t. 9.
£. 1. 3, 2. 2 (1883) (Schoa).
Hypanartia schaeneia, Aurivillins, /.c. p. 129. n. 2 (1899).
Hypanartia schoeneia, Pagenstecher, /.c. p. 138, n. 2 (1902).
3. The orange band of the forewing on the upper- and underside obviously
paler than in Hast and South African specimens ; the orange border to the hindwing
also paler and narrower, and including more or less conspicuous black or brown
admarginal bars.
?. The band of the forewing dirty white, faintly washed with yellow,
especially behind, narrower than in schaen. schaeneia. The marginal band to the
hindwing obscured in front and behind by brown scaling, narrow, buftish yellow,
with heavy brown bars.
Type from Kaffa, 6. iii. 01.
796d, 1 ? from: Badattino to Abuje, Schoa, 28. ix. 00; Alata, Sidamo,
13. xii. 00; Dereta Mts., Kaffa, 2. iii. 01; Gamitscha to Anderatscha, Kaffa,
6. iii. 01; Kankati to Djibbe, Djimma, 26. iii. 01. ;
The ? in Baron von Erlanger’s material from Djamdjam and the one figured
by Oberthiir have also a whitish band. This distinction holds, doubtless, good
in all 2? from Abyssinia.
13. Antanartia abyssinica.
Pyrameis abyssinica Felder, Reise Novara. Lep. p. 397. n. 589 (1867) (Abyssinia).
Vanessa abyssinica, Oberthiir, Ann. Mus. Civ, Gen. xviii. p. 722. n. 45. t. 9. £. 5 (1883).
486, 3 ?? from: Gara Daij, Abunass, 2500—2800 m., 10. vii. 00;
Djaffa Mts., 2750 m., 21. viii. 00; Badattino, Schoa, 27. ix. 00; Lake Zuai,
21. xi. 00; Habela to Alata, Sidamo, 12. xii. 00; Abera, Djamdjam, 21. xii. 00.
The cross-vein D* of the hindwing is more distal than in the other species.
The patch of modified scales on the underside of the forewing extends beyond
SM?, as it does in Aippomene, while it is limited by that vein in delivs and
schaeneia. The mid- and hindtibiae are spinose on the back. The paronychium
of the claw-segment leads over to that of Pyrameis (?) cardui, the lower lobe
being reduced in length. The clasper of the ¢ is divided by an apical sinus
into a broad upper and a narrow and pointed lower lobe. The harpe is as
strongly chitinised as in the previous species; it is forked at the end. The fifth
tarsal segment bears in this species and the previous ones only two rows of
spines beneath, the lateral ventral rows being represented by hairs; in delius
(which is West African) the lateral spines are partly well developed. A. delius
differs, moreover, from its congeners in the hairs of the lower and hinder parts
of the eye being shorter.
14. Pyrameis (?) cardui.
Papilio Nymphalis cardui Linné, Syst. Nat. ed. x, p. 475. n. 107 (1758) (Europe ; Africa).
The type of Pyrameis is atalanta. The present species differs from atalanta,
indica, ete., especially in the structure of the claw-segment of the mid- and
hindtarsi. The paronychium has on each side only one lobe, which is very long
and slender, and is devoid of a distinct fringe; the ventral lobe is completely
obliterated. The claw itself is slenderer and far less curved than in atalanta
(511 )
and allies, Vanessa, Antanartia, ete. The pulvillus is reduced. In P. carye
and virginiensis the claw-segment is similar in stracture, but the paronychiam
is distinctly fringed and the claw is a little more curved, the pulvillus being,
moreover, less reduced. The tenth abdominal tergite of the d is simple in
cardui and allies, deeply sinuate in atalanta. The cell of the hindwing is
closed (Schatz erroneously represents that of Vanessa polychloros as open, in
Fam. §° Gatt. Tagf. t. 16).
63d, 22% from: Harar, 28 & 30. iv. 00; Ganda Amuma to Ganda
Koro, Argobba, 19. v. 00; Djidda to Oborussa, 2800 m., 21. vii. 00; Managascha,
Schoa, 15. ix. 00; Tschalleba, Schoa, 16. xi. 00; Tuksuki River, 28. xi. 00;
Habela to Alata, Sidamo, 12. xii. 00. :
Many of the species of the genus Precis have been nuts too hard to crack
for the systematists of the old school. Since we have had to work through it
in order to identify the species contained among Oscar Neumann’s material, we
have thought it advisable to publish the result of this research here. The genus
is well worth a monograph.
15. Precis orithya madagascariensis.
Junonia orythia var. madagascariensis Guenée, in Vins., Voy. Madag., Ins. p. 37 (1865) (Madagascar).
Precis orithya var. madagascariensis, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 135. n. 1 (1899); Pagenst., lc. p. 139,
n, 1. (1902).
5 $¢ from: Harar, 3. & 28. iv. 00; Luku, Sheikh Hussein, 21. vi. 00; Akaki,
Schoa, 12. viii. 00; Schoa, 17. xi. 00.
In one of the Harar specimens the upper ocellus of the hindwing is absent,
and the posterior one reduced to a small black spot; in the Luku example the
upper ocellus of the right hindwing is small and black, while that of the left
hindwing has developed to a large black patch. A ¢ from Bogos (Hansal) in the
Felder collection is distinguished by the absence of orange spots in the cell of
the forewing on the upperside, and by the enlargement of the upper ocellus of
the hindwing, this ocellus being almost twice the size of the posterior one on
both hindwings and nearly quite black. The individuals from Abyssinia and
Somaliland have less extended orange markings in the basal half of the under-
side of the forewing than the specimens from other places of Africa.
16. Precis clelia clelia.
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus clelia Cramer, Pap. Ex. i, p. 33. t. 21, £, br, (1775) (W. Africa).
Precis clelia, Aurivillius, /.c. n. 2 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c. n. 2 (1902).
7366,2 2% from: Harar, 3. & 28. iv. 00; Ganda Amuma to Ganda Koro,
Argobba, 19. v. 00; Ganda Koro, Argobba, 20. v. 00; Zuai Lake, 24. xi. 00;
Banka to Omo, 18. ii. 01; Dalba to Umu R., Konte, 28. ii. 01; Gelo R. to
Akobo R., y. 01.
The specimens do not differ from other African ones. The ocelli of the
upperside of the hindwing are sometimes obliterated.
The blue patch on the upperside of the hindwing is in the % of clelia of
a more purplish tint than in the d, and disappears sometimes almost completely.
This happens not only in Madagascar specimens, but also in continental African
ones. The individuals from Madagascar (P. clelia epiclelia) have in both sexes
( 512 )
larger orange markings in the basal half of the underside of the forewing than
the continental specimens. A ? from Aburi, Gold Coast, in the Tring Museum,
is albinistic, being grey shaded with brown.
17. Precis oenone crebrene.
Junonia erebrene Trimen, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 353 (1870) (S. Afr.).
Precis oenone var. crebrene, Aurivillius, l.c, p. 135, n, 3 (1899) ; Pagenst., l.c. p. 140, n. 3 (1902).
3 36,6 22 from: Jeldabel to Daba-ass, 20. ii. 00; Ardu, north of Harar,
2. iii. 00 ; Lake Haramaya, north of Harar, 17. iii. 00; Harar, 3. & 17. iv. 00;
Mole R., 21. i. 01.
This insect is an inhabitant of South and Hast Africa, occurring in West
Africa only in the more open parts of the Hinterland of Sierra Leone, Gold Coast,
ete., not in the West African Forest Region proper.
The blue patch on the hindwing is vestigial in some of our $$ (Bogos,
Abyssinia ; and Hast Africa).
18. Precis westermanni.
Junonia westermanni, Westwood, Ent. Mo, Mag. vi. p. 278 (1870) (W. Afr.).
Precis westermanni, Aurivillius, le. p. 136. n. 5 (1899).
An essentially West African insect, occurring from the Gold Coast to Angola,
eastwards to the western districts of the Abyssinian Empire, and to British East
Africa, being apparently absent from Somaliland, Abyssinia proper, and the coast
regions of Hast Africa. The individuals obtained by O. Newmann—Baron von
Erlanger did not meet with the species—agree best with specimens from British
East Africa. We can distinguish three subspecies, a West African one, an Hast
African one, and a north-eastern one, connected in characters by the individuals
known to us from the regions between the Congo Free State and the Hldoma
Ravine.
In the West African 3d, the orange patch on the upperside of the forewing
does not extend to the base of M! and stops anteriorly at R! in nearly every
individual ; there is only one vestigial subapical spot, seldom two, often none ;
the black markings in the middle of the underside of the hindwing are heavy
and the black submarginal dots comparatively large. In the ?9 the light
(indistinct) markings in the apical third or half of the upperside of the forewing
are much paler than the reddish spaces of the proximal area, being whitish ;
the underside of the same wing is also whitish in the distal half; the black
submarginal dots of the hindwing are large.
The specimens of our series from Unyoro and Uganda (Dr. Ansorge) are on an
average smaller than the West African ones ; most of them possess two subapical
spots on the forewing, some three or even four; the orange patch of the same
wing is slightly wider at M', reaching the base of this vein (or close to it) ; the
patch is sinuate proximally at the apex of the cell and extends beyond R’; the
underside is either as heavily marked as in West African specimens, or the black
bars and spots have become reduced and partly obliterated. The females agree
rather closely with West African ones, or the upperside is nearly entirely
orange-red, the black colour being reduced and the pale spaces in the distal
half of the forewing being of the same colour as the basal and posterior areas
of the wing. In these latter specimens the underside is also more uniform
in colour than in the tricolorous ones.
( 513 )
The specimens from the Nandi country, collected by Dr. Ansorge at Ran,
agree with smaller individuals from Uganda, and come also very close to the
individuals from British East Africa, east of the Ravine.
The subspecies from British East Africa, which we name
P. westermanni suffusa subspec. nov.,
type from the Kikuyu Escarpment, is distinguished by the following characters :
3. Size small; orange patch of forewing, above, broader and longer than
in west. westermanni, reaching to SC’ and close to the base of M!; two or three
buffish subapical dots ; markings of underside of hindwing obsolescent, the sub-
marginal dots very small, or partly absent, the wing much dusted over with
brown, appearing freckled.
?. Decidedly paler than the individuals from the countries lying farther west.
Two forms, one buffish, the other orange, in both the pale spaces of the apical
half of the forewing above essentially of the same colour as the dise of the
hindwing. Underside of hindwing nearly uniform in colour, freckled, the markings
absent or obsolescent. j
ll od, 7 2? from: Kikuyu Escarpment, ix. x. 1900 (dry season),
i. O1, iii. iv. 01 (wet season) (W. Doherty) ; Kikuyn, iv. 1894 (Dr. Ansorge).
The six individuals from Western Abyssinia, collected by O. Neumann, differ
again from svffusa in some details. We abstain from naming this north-eastern
subspecies, since we have no ? ? from that region.
These do have the fringe of both wings more or less extended pale, as is
the case in some of our specimens from the Nandi country. The subapical dots
of the forewing, one or two in number, are nearly white. The markings on the
underside of the hindwing are rather more distinct than in szfusa from Kikuyn,
but are widened and washed out, and the pale discal area which extends from
the abdominal margin to R? contrasts strongly with the median and costal areas ;
the submarginal dots are on the whole better marked than in true su/f/usa.
6 3 from: Koritscha to Tomata, ,Dara R., Godji, 24. xii. 00 ; Kankati to
Djibbe, Djimma, 26. iii. 01 ; Godjeb to Bongo, Kaffa, 4. iv. 01 ; Scheko, 25. iv. 01.
19. Precis sophia infracta.
Junonia infracta Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 63. n. 33 (1888) (Tobbo g ; Taveta ¢ ).
Precis sophia var. infracta, Auvivillius, l.c, p. 136. n, 6 (1899) ; Pagenst., Uc. p. 140. n. 4 (1902).
The black line extending in sophia sophia from the lower angle of the cell
of the forewing obliquely backwards is said to be absent from sophia infracta.
This distinction, however, does not hold good in all specimens, the line being as
heavily marked in some of the East African examples as in West African ones.
P. sophia sophia oceurs from Sierra Leone to Angola and the Arawimi Forest.
Specimens from Toru and the neighbouring districts of the Congo Free State
are intermediate between infracta and sophia, possessing the oblique discal line
on the forewing as in sophia sophia, while the pale admarginal linear interspace
on the underside of the hindwing is as narrow as in sophia infracta.
In sophia sophia the sexes are similar in colour, the ground of the wing
being as a rule of an orange colour. White specimens are decidedly rare in West
Africa. We possess only one 3, from Bopoto, Upper Congo, of which the ground-
( 514 )
colour can be said to be white ; some other dd, from Warri, Niger, are also paler
than usual, but not white.
In ‘nfracta the proportion between white and orange specimens is quite
different. We have infracta from Unyoro, Uganda, Nandi country, Eldoma
Ravine, Abyssinia, Kondeland (north of Lake Nyassa), and Natal. Doherty did
not find the species at the Kikuyu Escarpment, nor did Dr. Ansorge meet with
it in Kikuyu and the eastern parts of British East Africa; it occurs, however,
in Usambara, according to Baumann, and at the Kilimandjaro. Of 38 $3 and
17 $2, no less than 21 dg and 8 $Y are white or nearly so—that is to say,
about half the number of specimens of ?”/fracta belong to the white form. In
this form which is not seasonal, occurring with the orange form during the
rainy and the dry seasons, the brown and black colours are intensified. This is
especially noticeable in the 29, the white ? ? resembling the dd rather closely,
while in the orange ? 2 the orange colour is, as a rule, much more extended than
in the orange dd.
The Abyssinian specimeus are not different from the variable infracta.
Q. Neumann found 6 dd and 4 3 2 at: Tschoratscha, Goscho, Metscha, 17. ix. 00;
Abuje, Schoa, 29. ix. 00 ; Lake Abassi, 7. & 9. xii. 00; Alata, Sidamo, 13. xii. 00 ;
Djala, Gofa, 31.1. 01; Kankati to Djibbe, Djimma, 26. iii. 01.
20. Precis octavia octavia.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus octavia Cramer, Pap, Ex. ii. p, 60, t. 135. f. B,C. (1777) (Sierra
Leone).
Precis octavia, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 136. n. 7 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 140 n, 5 (1902) (syn. partim).
The Abyssinian and Somaliland specimens agree with the West African
subspecies, not with the South and Hast African one. Angola is inhabited by
the latter, while in the Congo basin the West African subspecies occurs. The
blue and the orange-red forms occur both in the dry and wet seasons. The two
forms are structurally identical, while they differ considerably from their allies
in both sexes not only in the sexual armature but also in other organs, the last
segment of the mid- and hindtarsi, for instance, bearing four ventral rows of
spines instead of two, the ventro-lateral spines not being all reduced to hairs, as
is the case in most other Precis.
5 dd, 3 2? trom: Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 15. v.00; Odamuda
to Djugi, Dyjidda, 20. vi. 00; Suksuki R., 28. xi. 00; Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00;
Anderatscha, Kaffa, 12.—19. iii. 01.
Our specimens from Angola (Rivers Bolombo, Calweha aud Cubal) belong
to the South and East African subspecies P. octavia sesamus. As sesamus is the
first name giveu to specimens of the South and East African geographical variety,
it is the name for it, not natalensis, which is of a much later date.
21. Precis ceryne ceryne.
Salamis ceryne Boisduval, in Deleg., Voy. Afr. Austr, p. 592. n, 68 (1847) (Zululand).
Salamis tukuoa Wallengren, K. Sv. Vet. Ak, Handi, (2). ii. 4, p. 25. n. 6 (1857) (Natal).
“ Precis ceryne, Boisd, = P. tukuoa, Wallg.,” Marshall, 7’rans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 559 (1896).
Precis tukuoa, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 138. n. 11 (1899) (= ceryne ?).
Precis ceryne, Pagenstecher, /.c. p. 141. n. 8 (1902).
Since ceryne and tukuoa agree perfectly in structure, there can be no doubt
that they are forms of the same species.
( 515 )
The two Abyssinian specimens collected by O. Neumann, and the two which
are among the duplicates of Baron von Erlanger’s material, belong to the form
tukuoa. They agree fairly well with certain Angola individuals in approaching, on
the upperside, a little the form ceryne, the discal band of the forewing being
proximally paler than distally. We have both f. tvkvoa and f. ceryne from various
places in Hastern Africa and Angola, and f. ceryne from Uganda.
The individuals of this species from the Niger (and probably also those recorded
from Kamerun (see Aurivillius, Zc.) are different from the southern and eastern
specimens, belonging to a distinct subspecies, for which we propose the name
P. ceryne ceruana subsp. nov.
3%. Similar to ceryne f. ceryne, but the distal border to the underside of the
wings much darker. The proximal black lunules of this border continuous, and
the bars situated between this black line and the black edge of the wings also
black or deep brown.—The form corresponding to f. ¢ukwoa is not known to us.
Hab. Niger: Lokoja, March to May 1896 (Dr. Cook), type; Akassa to
Onitscha (Dr. Cook).
73d, 2 Ff.
22. Precis antilope.
Salamis antilope Feisthamel, Ann. Soc, Ent. France p. 250. n. 4 (1850) (Cazamance),
Salamis simia Wallengren, /.c. p. 26 (1857) (Natal).
Precis simia, Aurivillius, l.c, p. 137, n. 8 (1899).
Precis antilope, id., lc. p. 138. n, 10 (1899) (partim); Pagenst., 7c. p. 141. n. 7 (1902) (syn.
partim).
Precis antilope, Marshall, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 418 (1902) (antilope = dry phase, simia =
wet phase).
We have dissected a series of specimens of both forms siméia and antilope.
They agree perfectly. Marshall has proved the specific identity by breeding one
from the other.
The species does not occur in the West African Forest Region proper; but it
is found in the Hinterland of the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone and in Senegambia, .
and in the south again in Angola. These western individuals do not present any
constant differences from Hastern ones.
Four od of f. antilope from: Gurgura to Gololota, 17. vi. 00 ; Madali, Abai
R., 1. x. 00; Uba R., 27. i. 01.
The f. simia was not met with, but we have a specimen of it from Sheikh
Hussein, 1. x. 94 (Donaldson Smith). Pagenstecher, /.c., records triment from
Balta. This “ trimeni” may be f. simia.
Anrivillins, /.c., regards cuama as a form of antilope, gives simia as a distinct
species, and puts trimeni down as doubtfully distinct from siméa. Marshall, /c-
p- 419, is of opinion that tr/meni and cuama are not distinct from antilope
(= simia). Our own research shows that ¢rimeni is structurally the same as
cuama, and that both are constantly different in both sexes from antilope (= simia).
They are together a species distinct from antilope (= simia), triment being the
“wet phase” and cvama the “dry phase.” The differences in colour and pattern
between the corresponding forms of P. antilope and P. cuama are not very con-
spicuous, but nevertheless easily perceived if specimens of both species are compared
side by side. The copulatory apparatus of the ¢ of P. cuama is recognisable at a
( 516 )
glance, the lower lobe of the clasper being produced upwards into a broad black
triangular tooth, while the corresponding lobe of antilope is very short and obtuse ;
the upper process of the clasper as well as the other parts of the copulatory
appendages are also different in the two insects. In the $ of cwama (= triment)
the eighth abdominal sternite is smooth and bears at the base a large vaginal
tubercle, which is slightly sinuate at the apex. The eighth sternite of the ? of
antilope (= simia) is densely scaled, subcarinate mesially, and has only the
rudiment of a vaginal tubercle at the base. P. cwama appears to be confined to
the eastern side of the Continent ; we have it from Nyassaland, German and British
Hast Africa.
23. Precis pelarga.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus pelarga Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 512. n, 292 (1775) (“ Brasilia;
Mus. Banks”).
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus leodice Cramer, Pap. Ev. ii. p. 64, t. 138. f. 8. 11 (1797)
(W. Africa).
Precis pelarga, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 138. n, 13 (1899).
Precis leodice, id., l.c, n. 14 (1899).
In this species again there are two conspicuously different forms, hitherto
considered to be distinct species, except by some of the old writers. Cramer’s
leodice is the cryptic form and pelarga the “wet phase” of the same species.
The ? of f. leodice has the band of the upperside of the wings more or less
extendedly shaded with blue. In the f. pelarga the sexes are nearly similar to
each other in colour, the band of the ¢ being as a rule paler than that of the 2.
P. pelarga occurs from the Senegal to Angola, its range extending eastwards to
Uganda and Abyssinia.
O. Neumann procured two 3 of f. leodice at Kollu-Kilbe, Schoa, 6. x. 00.
In one of them the band of the forewing is narrow and is interrupted behind R? ;
on the underside the basal half of the wings and the distal marginal area are shaded
with bluish white, contrasting strongly with a tawny olive elongate-triangular
discal space.
Closely allied with P. pelarga is an essentially East African insect which we
possess from British and German East Africa, Nyassaland, and Angola in two
forms corresponding to f. pelarga and f. leodice of P. pelarga. This is
; . ff. actia = “dry phase” ;
Precis actia »
f. furcata nov. = “ wet phase.
In P. actia f. actia both sexes have the band on the upperside of the wings
more or less shaded with blue. The “wet” form has apparently escaped being
named, being generally considered to be pelarga. This “ wet” form, for which we
propose the name
furcata (type: ¢ from Dar-es-Salaam),
is distinguished by the postdiscal costal branch of the band of the upperside of the
forewing being better expressed than in P. pelarga f. pelarga, this postdiscal
branch being, especially in the % of fwrcata, clearly marked. Moreover, the black
dots within the band are less close to the distal edge of the band, the bluish-white
bars near the distal margin on the upperside of the wings are longer, and the
distal marginal area of the underside is deeper black. In the 2 the band of
( 517 )
the upperside is blnish white proximally, while in P. pelarga f. pelarga the band
is rather deeper orange in the 2 than in the d.
In both forms of Precis actia the upper lobe of the clasper of the d is armed
at the end with several spikelike teeth ; in P. pelarga the lobe is divided at the
end only into two long teeth.
24. Precis pyriformis.
Junonia pyriformis Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond, 1895, p. 726. n, 20, t. 42. f. 5. 6(¢) (1896)
(Ruwenzori).
Precis milonia var, ? (ab. ?) pyriformis, Aurivillius, /.c. p, 139, sub n. 16 (1899).
Precis milonia, Pagenstecher, /.c, p. 141. n, 9 (1902),
We have a long series of a Precis from British Hast Africa which in the 3
agrees with pyriformis. The ¢? have a much paler band to the upperside of
the wings than the ? described by Butler, /.c., agreeing in colour with the 2 ?
of aurorina of the same author. We think it quite possible that pyriformis
is only the tropical subspecies of P. tugela. We have unfortunately only a few
specimens of ftugela, and therefore do not know how far the differences
distinguishing it from pyriformis hold good. The difference in the sexnal
armature is minute and perhaps not constant. The length of the hook of the
forewing is variable in tugela as well as pyriformis.
P. aurorina Butler, .c. 1893. p. 651. n. 35. t. 60. f. 3. (¢) 1894) (Nyassa-
land) may be the ‘‘wet phase” of tugela. We have no adequate material for
entering into the question.
The specimens obtained by Oscar Neumann agree with our Hast African ones.
There are 14 dd, 2 22 from: Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00; Naja to Banka, Malo,
14. i. 01; Banka, Malo, 17. ii. 01; Dereta Mts., Kaffa, 2. ii, 01; Wari to
Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01; Kankati to Djibbe, Djimma, 26. i. 01; Detscha
to Schubba, Kaffa, 11. iv. 01.
Aurivillius, /.c., unites under Precis milonia, besides pyriformis at least four
more species: namely, (1) milonia; (2) aurorina = ? tuyela; (8) rauana; (4)
sinuata = pelargoides.
Precis milonia.
Precis milonia Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. p. 403. n. 603 (1867) (Old Calabar).
Junonia kowara Ward, Ent. Mo. Mag. viii. p. 82 (1871) (Old Calabar ; Kamerun).
This species is one of the rarer ones. We have 5 dd and2 ?% from: Old
Calabar ; Bipindi, Kamerun, December 1899; Gaboon ; Aruwimi Forest, three and
four days’ march from Fort Beni, Congo Free State, 7. & 8. v. 1899 (Dr. Ansorge).
Both sexes are broad-winged, resembling the 2 of P. sinuata f. sinuata, but
the band on the upperside of the wings is deeper in tint. The pale lines in the
black border to the upperside of the hindwing are rather broad, especially in the ?.
The sexual armature is very distinct. Inthe ¢ the tenth tergite of the abdomen
is long, triangular, compressed distally, almost pointed, the apical sinus not being
distinct in a dorsal view. The structure of the clasper is peculiar. The dorsal lobe
is long, conical, slightly curved inwards and downwards, and is armed at the apex
with two sharp conical teeth curved towards each other ; the middle process of the
clasper, which in other species is bent towards the penis forming a kind of sheath
from which the penis projects, is in milonia feebly chitinised, being pale throughout,
( 518 )
and is straight, subeylindrical, thin, at the end obtuse. The ventral lobe is curved
upwards and inwards; it is long and pointed, forming a strong hook, of which the
point is about on a level with the penis. In consequence of the feeble development
of the middle lobe the penis is not concealed in a ventral view. The strongly
developed ventral lobe replaces to a certain extent the feeble middle lobe.
In the ? the eighth sternite is naked (always?) and mesially subcarinate, the
carina being forked basally. There is no free process.
Precis sinuata.
Precis sinuata Plotz, Stett. Ent. Zeit. xli. p. 477. n. 38 (1881) (Mungo, Kamerun).
Precis serena Weymer, ibid. Liii. p. 86 (1892) (Sierra Leone).
Precis milonia var. (temp ?) sinuata, Aurivillius, /.c, p. 140. sub n. 16 (1899).
This species replaces in West Africa Precis tugela, pyriformis, or aurorind,
which are perhaps one species.
The insect described by Aurivillius, Z.c., p. 139, from Kamerun as Precis
milonia ab. (hybr.?) pelargoides, and which he suggests to be possibly a hybrid
“between Precis sinuata and pelarga, is the “ wet phase” of P. sinuata :—
Pouinann { f. pelargoides = wet phase.
f. sinuata = dry phase.
Now, it is very curious that this “wet phase” pelargoides is apparently much
rarer than the “dry phase.” One would expect that the opposite obtained in the
West African Forest Region. The explanation probably is that the two phases are
not truly seasonal. The difference in colour and shape between the two forms is
not very conspicuous.
The 3 of P. sinuata ( = pelargoides) is easily recognised by the tenth
abdominal tergite being short, broad and truncate, the dorsal process of the clasper
ending in two short teeth, and the ventral lobe of the clasper being sinuate. In
the % there is a short free vaginal process which is rather deeply sinuate. The
vaginal process of Precis pyriformis is much longer and pointed ; in tugela it is also
long, but somewhat sinuate. The ventral lobe of the clasper of the do of tugela
and pyriformis is truncate, not sinuate, and the dorsal process is also different from
that of sénwata, being wider at the end, and bearing a much longer ventral apical
tooth. Moreover, the tenth tergite of pyriformis is longer.
Precis sinuata occurs from Sierra Leone to the Congo, its range extending
eastwards to Nyassaland and Uganda. Our ¢¢ from Zomba (December) and
from near Bandawe (only one labelled, April) have the band of the wings mostly
deeper in tint than the West African specimens, while the ? from near Bandawe
have it rather paler than Western ones.
OF
25. Precis terea fumata subspec. nov.
Precis terea var. elgiva, Pagenstecher (non Hewitson, 1864), l.c. p. 142. n. 11 (1902).
3%. Intermediate between the East African subspecies edg¢va and the West
African ¢terea. The interspace between the basal area of the wings, on the upperside,
and the black line which in terea terea is situated in the middle of the yellow band,
is in /umata suffused with black to a more or less great extent, some specimens
approaching ¢erea elgiva, others terea terea.
Type: 3, from the Gillet Mountains,
( 519 )
13 3d, 1 $, from: Gillet Mts., Somaliland, 1990—2200 m., 22. vi. &
1. vii. 00; Abulcassim, 2400—2600 m., 16. vii. 00; Upper Bussijo R., Gindeberat,
25. ix. 00 ; Badattino, Gindeberat, 4. x. 00 ; Kankati Forest, Djimma, 3. iv. 01.
26. Precis coelestina.
Precis coelestina Dewitz, Nova Acta Ac. Nat. Cur, xli. 2, 2. p. 21 (Separ.) t, i. f. 13 (1879) (Angola),
236 from Banka, Mole, 17. ii. 01 ; Dalba to Uma R., Konta, 28. ii. OL.
In the “ wet phase ” of this species the edge of the wing is scalloped and the
fringe distinctly spotted with white. In the “dry phase,” which is rather larger,
the distal margins of the wings are nearly even, the fringe is unicolorous, and the
undersurface of the wings is more uniform in colour than in the “ wet phase.”
The two d¢ collected by O. Neumann are intermediate.
We have coelestina also from Unyoro and the Nandi country, Uganda.
27. Precis limnoria taveta.
Precis tareta Rogenhofer, Ann. K. K. Hofmus. Wien vi. p. 460. n. 31, t. 15 £. 7 (1891) (‘Taveta).
Precis limnoria var, taveta, Aurivillius, lc. p. 140. n. 21 (1899) ; Pagenst., lc. p. 141. n. 10 (1902).
We have (in coll. Felder) a series of specimens from Bogos, obtained in
October by Hansal. These individuals all agree with Guérin’s figure of naib. The
specimens collected by O. Neumann and Baron Erlanger, as well as those which
we possess from British and German East Africa, belong to the form described and
figured by Rogenhofer as a distinct species, taveta. It is probable that the two
forms are seasonal. They agree in structure. Against their being seasonal (not
geographical) forms of one species speaks, however, the fact that the cryptic form
naib is smaller than the brighter-coloured form faveta.
6 33,2 22 from: Harar, 30. iv. 00; Abd-el-Kadr, 14. & 15. v. 00; Ganda
Kore, Argobba, 20. v. 00 ; Bubassa, near Harar, 22. v.00; Djabdjabdu, 24. v. 00;
Gobele R. to Ganda Ali, 28. v, 00.
28. Precis chorimene.
Vanessa chorimene Guérin, Icon. Réegne Anim., Ins. p. 475 (1844) (Senegal).
Precis chorimene, Aurivillius, l.c. p, 142. n. 27 (1899); Pagenst., l.c. p. 142. n. 13 (1902).
A West African species, extending from the Senegal to the Congo, and
eastwards to Uganda, Abyssinia, the Harar Highlands, and Arabia, not found in
British and German Hast Africa, and farther south on the east coast of the
Continent.
12 33,4 2? from: Harar, 12. & 20. iv. 00; Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m,
9. vii. 00; Abuleassim, 2400—2600 m., 16. vii. 00 ; Motscho, Hauasch R., 6. vill. 00 ;
Bis-Bali, Schoa, 8. viii.00; Sekuala, Schoa, 17. & 18. xi. 00 ; Alesa, Kotscha, 23. &
24. ii. 01; Alesa to Schetie, Kotscha, 25. ii. 01 ; Dalbe to Uma R., Konta, 28, ti. 01 ;
Uma R., Konta, 1. iii. 01.
Specimens bearing a white costal spot on the underside of the hindwing occur
everywhere in the range of the species. Some specimens are much more uniformly
coloured beneath than others, and haye a more strongly angulated hindwing.
Precis nachtigalli is structurally the same as artaxia, it being the “ wet phase”
and artaxia the “dry phase”: see Marshall & Poulton, Trans. Hut. Soc. Lond.
p. 414 (1902). In Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. xviii. p. 187. t. 2. f. 11 (1903) Herr Thurau
’
( 520 )
describes and figures a new species, Precis nobilitata. This is nothing else but
f. nachtigalli, only a little more “wet” in character, the forewing being less
angulate below the apex.
Precis arehesia = staudingeri = semitypica = pelasgis = chapunga are all the
same in structure, being forms of the same species.
29. Catacroptera cloanthe.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus cloanthe Stoll, in Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 93. t. 338. f. a, B (1781)
(Cap. b. sp.).
Catacroptera cloanthe, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 143. n. 1 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 142. n. 1 (1902).
The genus Catucroptera differs from all the species of Precis in the patch
of modified scales on the underside of the forewing near the base being much
larger, extending beyond SM?.
C. cloanthe, the only species of the genus, consists of a West African
subspecies, and an Kast and South African one, each of which appears again in
one form with dark underside and another with brighter underside, the two
forms corresponding to the “wet and dry phases” of Precis. In the form
with dark underside, the “dry phase,” the distal marginal area of the wings, on
the upperside, is more or less conspicuously shaded with tawny brown. The
subspecies inhabiting South and Hast Africa is
f. cloanthe=“ wet phase.”
{
C. cloanthe cloanthe | f. obscurior=“ dry phase.”
The individuals from Somaliland and Abyssinia belong to this subspecies,
and Neumann obtained three dd and two $? at: Lake Zuai, 24. xi. 00; Lake
Abassi, 4. & 6. xii. 00; Alata, Sidamo, 13. xii. 00 ; Djiren, Djimma, 27. iii. 01.
Of these specimens one from L. Abassi belongs to the “dry phase,” the
others being intermediate.
The individuals from West Africa differ from cloanthe cloanthe in the marginal
and admarginal black lines of the forewing, above, being heavier, not obsolescent,
and in the series of eye-spots of the hindwing, on the. upperside, being proximally
and distally accompanied by a crenate black line, which is heavier than in the
corresponding “ phases” and sexes of el. cloanthe. We name the West African
subspecies
f. ligata nov.=“ wet phase.”
C. cloanthe ligata { f. fuscata nov.=“ dry phase.”
Type of ligata a 3 from Sierra Leone.
» juscata a ? from the R. Gambia.
Our specimens from Warri, Niger, of f. ligata were caught by Dr. Felix
Roth during the wet season in June and July.
30. Salamis cacta.
Papiiio Nymphalis cacta Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. 1. p. 116. n. 356 (1793 : ‘‘ India’’).
Salamis cacta, Aurivillius, lc. p. 145. n. 7 (1899).
A West African species with which O. Neumann met only at Scheko, on
April 25th, 26th, and 27th, 1901. There are in the collection no less than
38 specimens from that place, The individuals are as variable beneath as those
from other localities.
( 521 )
31. Salamis temora.
Salamis temora Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. p. 404. n. 605 (1867) (O. Calabar).
4 3S from Scheko, 25. & 26. iy. 01.
32. Salamis parhassus.
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus parhassus Drury, Illustr. Ex. Ins. iii. p. 4. t. 4. £.1.2 & Index
(1782) (W. Afr.).
Salamis anacardii, Aurivillius (non Linné, 1758), lc. p. 145. n, 3 (1899) (partim); Pagenst., /.c.
p. 143. n. 1 (1902) (partim).
There are two white continental species of Salamis, anacardii and parhassus,
Aurivillius and Pagenstecher, //.cc., treated them as one, but they were decidedly
in error. The two insects are quite distinct from one another. However, each
varies to such an extent in structure, as well as in colour and pattern, that we
do not wonder at these authors having fallen victims to a deception.
S. parhassus is the species with glossy underside. The individuals are, on
the whole, larger than those of S. anacardii, and all of them have the eye-spot
M'—M? on the underside of the forewing well developed. The specimens fall
into two subspecies, one inhabiting the greater part of Africa, occurring from
the Cape Colony to Abyssinia and on the West Coast northward to the Niger,
the other being restricted to the rest of the West Coast.
The names parhassus, aethiops (=aethiopa), aglatonice and viridescens are
given to this species, parhassus and aglatonice being referable to the darker
north-western subspecies, and aethiops and viridescens to the southern and eastern
subspecies, which is more restricted black. The synonymy and distinctions are
as follows :—
Salamis parhassus aethiops.
Papilio aethiops Palisot, Ins. Afr. Amér. p. 22 (1805) (Benin).
Papilio aethiopa id., l.c. Lép. t. 3 (1805).
Salamis aglatonice, auct. (partim).
Salamis anacardii, auct. (partim).
Salamis parhassus, auct. (partim).
Salamis anacardii ab. parhassus, Aurivillius, /.c. (partim).
Salamis anacardii ab, viridescens Thurau, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. xlviii. p. 138 (1903) (E. Africa).
The black submarginal spot R'—R? of the forewing, on the upperside,
stands separate from the distal marginal band, which is narrower than in the
north-western subspecies, the spot being seldom connected with this band, while
it is rather often joined to the costal portion of the black apical area. The
marginal area of the hindwing is also, on the whole, more restricted black.
The black marks at and beyond the apex of the cell on the upperside of the
forewing are in aethioys also more reduced, and the marginal projection below
the apex is longer. All these distinctions vary a good deal. Tar more reliable
as a means of recognition for the classifier is the difference in the copulatory
organs of the gd. ‘The harpe of the clasper is in park. aethiops produced
distad into a more or less club-shaped process, which is beset with short, brown,
conical teeth, the organ resembling the mediaeval weapon called ‘ Morgenstern.”
In park. parhassus the harpe is proximally denticulate, but the distal process
is simply forked at the end, the prongs of the fork being long, slender, and
sharply pointed. There are seldom some small teeth on the prongs, but in one
( 522 )
of our specimens from Sierra Leone the additional projections are numerous, this
harpe forming a kind of transition towards the harpe of parh. aethiops. Though
we have dissected several dozens of specimens from various localities, we have
only come across this one instance of a marked deviation from the normal forked
harpe of parh. parhassus. Harpes intermediate between those of parhassus and
aethiops will doubtless be found among the individuals from Old Calabar and
Kamerun if a sufficiently large number be examined ; we have no dd from these
places. The individuals from Cape Colony and Natal are, on the whole, purer
white than those from the tropical countries. Our dissections seem to us to
indicate that there is a slight distinction between the Congo specimens (and
presumably those from Gabun to the Niger) on the one hand and those from the
more eastern and southern districts on the other.
O. Neumann and Baron yon Erlanger obtained a series of specimens in
North Somaliland, and the former met with the species again farther west.
10 6d, 1 2, from: Harar, 20. iv. 00; Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 29. vi.
& 1. vii. 00 ; Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01 ; Upper Gelo R., 1. v. 01.
Salamis parhassus parhassus.
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus parhassus Drury, l.c. (Sierra Leone).
Vanessa aglatonice Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 299. n. 8 (1819) (hab.?) ; Lucas, Lép. Ex. p, 110.
t. 57. £. 2 (1835).
Salamis anacardii, auct. (partim).
Salamis anacardii ab. parhassus, Aurivillius, /.c, (partim).
We have this subspecies from Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast, and Warri,
Niger Coast Protectorate. In all of them the black submarginal spot R!—R?*
of the forewing is connected with the black distal marginal band, and also
with the costal portion of the black apical area,
The second white species of Salamis, S. anacardii, has a chalky white
underside, and the ocellus M'—M2? ou the underside of the forewing is obsolescent
or vestigial. It is not among O. Neumann’s material, but we have it from
Salomona, Hrytrea.
Salamis anacardii.
Papilio Danaus anacardii Linné, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 467. n. 56 (1758) (synon, exclusa ; America !) ;
Cletck, Jcon. t. 28. f. 3 (1764).
This species consists of three well-defined subspecies :—
anacardii from West Africa.
S. anacardii / nebulosa ,, South and Hast Africa.
duprei » Madagascar.
Comparing the differences between the two subspecies of S. parhassus with
those separating the two continental subspecies of S. anacardii, one very remark-
able point is observed, which, if it had been noticed or carefully taken into
consideration, would have made the adyocates of the specific identity of axacardit
and parhassus suspicious of the correctness of their conclusion. For, while in
parhassus the north-western subspecies is more extended black than the southern
and eastern one, in anxacardii just the opposite distinction obtains, anac. nebulosa
( 523 )
being more extended black than anac. anacardii. Auvivillius, /.c., did not know
the true anacardii from North-West Africa. We have not seen a specimen of
anacardii trom the Congo Free State northward to the Niger; the species does
not seem to occur there.
Salamis anacardii anacardii.
Papilio Danaus anacardii Linné, L.c.
Salamis nebulosa Trimen & Bowker, S. Afr, Butt. i. p. 248 (1887) (partim ; Gold Coast).
Clerck’s figure agrees with specimens from the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone.
The black apical area of the forewing, on the upperside, does not extend backwards
beyond R* in the submarginal region. The dentate process of the harpe of the d
resembles somewhat that found in S. parhassus aethiops, being club-shaped and
dentate. However, in some individuals the process is divided into two dentate
clubs, approaching the structure found in S. anacardii nebulosa. The upper
lobe of the clasper is denticulate at the apical edge in the three subspecies
of anucardii; in parhassus it is not denticulate or the teeth are very few
in number (Congo specimens). We have S. anac. anacardii only from Sierra
Leone and the Gold Coast (11 dd, 4 ¢ ?).
Salamis anacardii nebulosa.
Salamis nebulosa Trimen, Trans. Ent, Soc. Lond. p. 441 (1881) (Zululand ; Natal; Delagoa Bay);
id. and Bowk., S Afr. Butt. i. p. 246. n, 79 (1887) (“Cape Coast Castle” excepted).
Salamis nebulosus iid., l.c. p. 247 (1887).
Salamis definita Butler (non id., 1875), Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 653. n. 48 (1893).
Protogoniomorpha aglantonice, id, (non Godart, 1819), lc. p. 564, n. 34 (1894) (Brit. RB. Afr.).
Mistaking S. parhassus for the Linnaean anacardii, Trimen described the
East African subspecies of anacardii as a new species. Had he been aware that
the name anacardii applied to the species with the opaque underside, and that
the species with the glossy underside was parhassus, Trimen would have abstained
from giving the Eastern anacardii a name. For in 1887, d.c., he says of nebulosa
(quite correctly as regards the distinction) that three examples which he has
“seen from the Gold Coast, one of which is in the collection of the South
African Museum, differ slightly from those above mentioned in haying the black
markings of the upperside less developed, although much more so than in
anacardii.” These examples of “ nebulosa” are the true anacardii, the anacardit
with which they are compared at the end of the sentence being parhassus.
Dr. Butler erroneously applied the names of aglantonice and definita to this
insect. The former name refers to the North-West African subspecies of
parhassus, as a glance at Lucas’s figure will prove, and definita, being a name
originally given to Madagascar individuals of the Malagasic S. anacardii dupret,
cannot possibly again be applied to Continental African specimens which are quite
different from the Malagasic ones, notwithstanding Butler says that aglatonice,
definita, and nebulosa are “mere sports of one variable form.”
The & of nebulosa is much more extended black than the 3, the difference
in the sexes being far more obvious than in the North-West African subspecies
of anacardii, and than in the sexes of the two subspecies of S. parhassus. The
process of the harpe of the male is forked, each half of the fork being club-shaped.
Jt is worthy of note that we find here again the same kind of contradistinction
( 524 ) ,
between the subspecies of S. parhassus and S. anacardit which obtains in their
pattern, the North-Western parhassus and Eastern anacardii having a forked
harpe, while the North-Western azacardii and Eastern (and Southern) parhassus
have the process of the harpe not forked. In both species the more extended-
black subspecies has the forked harpe, but the geographical position of the
respective subspecies is reversed. This is of importance, since it throws light on
the origin of the two species. The original species had doubtless a more extended
black pattern than the present ones, and most likely a forked harpe. It separated
into a North-Western and an Eastern subspecies (the ancestral anacardii oceupying
the East and the ancestral parhassus the North-West of the Continent), the
North-Western subspecies then going south and east and developing here into a paler
form again (S. park. aethiops), while the range of the Hastern subspecies became
extended to Sierra Leone and the Gold Coast, segregation modifying these latter
North-Western arrivals also into a paler form, with reduced pattern and reduced
copulatory organs (S. anac. anacardit).
We have S. anac. nebulosa from: Erytrea, Unyora, British and German
East Africa, and Nyassaland.
The Malagasic subspecies S. anacardii duprei (= definita) can easily be
recognised by the absence or reduction of the black submarginal patch R*—M"
on the forewing and the more produced anal angle of the hindwing.
33. Hypolimnas misippus.
Papilio Danaus Festivus missippus Linné, Mus, Lud. Ulr, p. 264, n, 83 (1764) (America),
Hypolimnas misippus, Aurivillius, l.c. p, 147. n. 1 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c, p. 143. n. 1 (1902),
There are only two forms of 2? among the material from Somaliland and
Abyssinia, namely $-f. mésippus and ¢-f. dorippoides. See Aurivillius, d.c.
23 od, 10 2F from: Abd-el-Kadr, 5., 11. & 16. v. 00; Bubassa, near
Harar, 22. y. 00; Bio Woraba to Dika, near Harar, 23. v. 00; Djabdjabda,
24. y. 00; Harro Rufa to Mojo River, 1. vi. 00; Kumbi, 6. vi. 00 ; Odamnda to
Djugi, Djidda, 20. vi. 00; north of Galana R., Lake Abbaia, 27. xii. 00 ; Galana
R., Lake Abbaia, 31. xii. 00; Lake Gandjule, 5. i. 01 ; Mole River, 22.1. 01 ; Djala,
Gofa, 31. i. 01 ; Senti River, Gofa, 29.1. 01; Alesa to Schetie, Kotscha, 25. ii, 01 ;
Dolba to Uma R., Konta, 28. ii. 01.
34. Hypolimnas salmacis platydema subsp. noy.
3%. Underside of body deeper brown than in salm. salmacis ; the white
oblique band of the forewing broader and the patches composing it sharper defined ;
the white band of the hindwing also broader, both above and below. In the
? the forewing below bears two small white spots at the apical fifth of the cell,
one behind SC, the other on the third fold.
Three ¢o from: Scheko, 26. iv. 01 (O. Neumann), type ; one d,one ¢ from
Port Alice, Unyoro, 30. vii. 1894 and 9. iii. 1897 (Dr. Ansorge).
The Unyoro ¢ is larger than those from Scheko, and the ¢ is a very large
insect, its forewing measuring 61 mm.
This subspecies stands in the width of the white bands intermediate between
H. s. salmacis and H. monteironis. The latter species is treated by Aurivillins,
Lc. p. 148, as LH. salmacis var. monteironis. If the term “var.” is meant to have
the definite meaning given to it in the introduction to that greatest work on
( 525 )
African Butterflies, namely signifying geographical form, montecronis can on
no account be a “var.” of salmacis, as the range of salmacis embraces that
of monteironis entirely, the two insects being found together in the Congo
Region, including Unyoro, and the country west of Lake Victoria. Apart
from the constancy of the distinguishing characters, the specific distinctness of
the two insects becomes at once evident, if we compare Congo specimens of both
species with specimens from Unyoro, the individuals of sal/macis of these countries
being very different, while the specimens of monteironis are not different. The
distinctions in structure between the two species are very slight. We have a long
series of specimens both of monteironis and salmacis.
35. Eurytela hiarbas abyssinica subspec. nov.
Eurytela hiarbas, Pagenstecher, l.c. p. 144. n. 1 (1902).
3%. Wings shaped as in EZ. hiarbas hiarbas. White band of upperside
slightly wider than in E. Aiarbas angustata, not longer on the forewing than in
that subspecies and less tapering, narrower than in 4. Aéarbas ; distal margin of
forewing distinctly tawny brown, as it is in angustata from South Africa. Under-
side similar to that of angustata, differing from that of Aéarbas obviously in the
reduction of the bluish white bars, and in the narrow white band of the hindwing
being shaded over with chocolate brown at the costal margin ; olivaceous costal
space situated on the forewing midway between cell and apex bordered distally by
a thin white line, corresponding to the bluish white dots of 4. hiarbas ; white
band of forewing broader than in 4. angustata, sharply defined from hinder
margin of wing to M', suddenly tapering from M’, appearing obliquely truncate,
the band concave on the outer, convex (subangulate) on the proximal side ; the
white costal subapical dot of the forewing usually absent, never marked on the
upperside either in d or ¢.
Type from Banka.
9 dd, 3 %? from: Habela to Alata, Sidamo, 11. xii, 00; Alata,
Sidamo, 13. xii. 00; Koritscha to Tomata, Dara R., Gudji, 24. xii. 00; Banka,
Malo, 17. ii. 01; Dareta Mts., Kaffa, 2. iii, 01; Wori to Gamitscha, Kafta,
5. iii. O01; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 24. iii. 01; Kankati to Djibbe, Djimma,
26. iii. O1.
The individuals of EZ. Aéarbas from British Hast Africa (Kikuyu Escarpment
and Nandi country) as well as from Nyassaland—most likely all the specimens from
tropical East Africa—differ from the specimens occurring in Natal and Cape
Colony (2. hiarbas angustata) in the distal margin of the forewing being less
angulate at R' and not being tawny brown, in the white band of the forewing being
as narrow as in angustata, while the band of the hindwing is rather broader, in
the latter band being on the underside very little shaded with brown at the
costal margin, in that of the forewing below being longer, and in the anal area
of the hindwing below being much less extended chestnut. The bluish white
bars bordering the chestnut markings on the underside are also better expressed.
We name this tropical narrow-banded subspecies—
E. hiarbas lita subsp. noy.
Type from the Kikuyu Escarpment.
36
( 526 )
36. Eurytela dryope angulata.
Eurytela dryope var. angulata Aurivillius, /.c. p. 154. sub n. 2 (1899) (Natal, ete.) ; Pagenst., /.c,
p- 145. n. 2 (1902).
333,6 29 from: Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 16. v. 00; Gillet Mts.,
1900—2200 m., 1. & 4. vii. 00; Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 9. vii. 00;
Abuleassim, Gillet Mts., 2400—2600 m., 16. vii. 00; Motscho, Hauasch R., 6. viii. 00;
Zuai Lake, 24. xi. 00; Alesa, Kotscha, 22. ii. O01.
All nine specimens, as well as several others from North Somaliland and
Brytrea, have, on the underside of the hindwing, a conspicuous pale costal spot
like the specimens from Hast and South Africa, and the forewing is strongly
angulate at Ri.
37. Neptidopsis ophione velleda.
Eurytela velleda Mabille, Ann. Soe, Ent. France p, 19 note (1890) (BE. Afr.).
Neptidopsis ophione var. velleda, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 156. sub n. 1 (1899) ; Pagenst., Uc. p. 144. n. 1
(1902).
Hight do from: Alata, Sidamo, 13, xii. 00; Naja to Banka, Malo, 14. ii. 01;
Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01.
The specimens are not different from Hast African ones.
The Continental individuals of Neptidopsis fulgurata, which have hitherto
been treated as being identical with Malagasic ones (see Aurivillius, /.c. p. 156. n. 2)
are distinguished by several characters. The wings are less angulated, the three
proximal patches of the posterior white area of the forewing are smaller, while
the white spot R'—M! which stands outside the respective white patch is larger ;
the inner one of the two spots situated between the anterior and posterior white
areas is obsolete, and the outer one distinct ; distally of the white patch R!—R?,
which is sinuate in Continental specimens, there is one distinct white dot in
Malagasic individuals and three white marks in Continental ones, the third mark
being the largest. Of the two white patches situated on the hindwing between
the white band and the costal angle the proximal one is reduced in the Continental
form. On the underside the brown lines and patches are much more extended
than in Malagasie fulgurata, the white scaling in the basal and distal regions
being reduced to well-defined lines and patches, the distal area differing especially
from that of fulg. fulgurata in being sharply marked with brown and white.
We name this subspecies
N. fulgurata platyptera subsp. nov.
Type from Mikindani, German Hast Africa (Reimer).
38. Byblia ilithyia.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus lithyia Drury, Illustr. Ex, Ins. ii. p. 29, t. 17. £. 1. 2 (1773) (Senegal),
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus polinice Cramer, Pap. Ex. iv. p. 169. t. 375. £. a H. (1782)
(Coromandel).
Papilio goetzius Herbst, Naturs. Schm. ix. p. 193. n. 16. t. 258, £. 1. 2 (1798) (partim ; nom. nov,
loco polinice).
Hypanis cora Feisthamel, Ann, Soc. Ent. France p. 249 (1850) (Senegal).
Byblia ilithyia, Aurivillius, lc. p. 158. n. 1 (1899) ; Pagenst., Lc. p. 145. n, 1 (1902).
The two individual forms of this species, f. ‘dithyia and f. polinice, which differ
on the upper and under surface, are connected with one another by all inter-
gradations. B. ilithyia f. polinice is more extended black, especially in the ?, than
—-s +,
( 627 )
B. ilithyia f. ilithyia,—Aurivillius says that the black markings are smaller in
polinice.—and has a pale underside to the hindwing. The African and Indian
specimens are identical, taken as a whole.
8 63,9 %¢ belonging to:
f. polinice from: Lake Haramaja, north of Harar, 16. & 17. ili. 00; Alesa,
Kotscha, 24. ii. 01.
f. ilithyia (or being intermediate) from : Bio Caboba, north of Harar, 18. ii. 00;
Lake Haramaja, 16. iii. 00; Gara Mulata, near Harar, 27. & 29. iti. 00; Harar, 2. &
20. iv. 00; Abd-el-Kadr, 11. & 14. v. 00 ; Djabdjabdu, 24. v. 00 ; Alesa, Kotscha,
24.1. Ol.
39. Byblia anvatara.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus ilithya (!), Cramer (non Drury, 1773), Pap. Ex. iii. p. 35, 37. t. 213,
f. a. B; t, 214. f. c. p (1779) (Sierra Leone).
Papilio goetzius Herbst, /.c. p. 193. t. 258. f. 3. 4 (1798) (partim).
Hypanis cora, Lucas (non Feisthamel, 1850), in Chenu, Enc, Hist. Nat., Pap. i. £. 516 (1853).
Hypanis anwatara Boisduval, Faune Madag. Bourb. p. 56, t. 7. £, 5 (1833) (Madag.).
Byblia goetzius, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 158. n. 2 (1899).
Butler and Aurivillins apply the name goetzius (= gétzius) to this species.
That is surely incorrect. Herbst, l.c., proposed the name goetzius merely to
supplant the name polinice, which was preoccupied in Papilio. Therefore goetzius
cannot be applied to another species than polinice. Further, Herbst says that the
? (f. 3. 4) appears to him to belong rather to goetzius than to ¢lithyia, proceeds
to point out differences between this ? and the d, and finally gives as habitat
Coromandel, where there occurs only the insect to which his figures 1 and 2
belong, figures 3 and 4 representing the African species. It is quite plain that
this 2 would not be the type of the name goetzius, even if Herbst had not
expressly stated that he renamed Cramer’s polinice (or polenice as Herbst spells
the name). Since anvatara is the name next in priority applied to a portion of the
present species, it is to be adopted as the name for the entire species.
There are four subspecies, three of which occur in a form with a dark underside
to the hindwing and another form with a light underside.
a. B. anvatara anvatara.
Hypanis anvatara Boisduvyal, 1.c.
Hypanis ilithyia var. anvatara, Mabille, in Grand., Hist. Nat. Mad., Lép. t. 17. £. 11. 12 (1885-87).
Byblia goetzius var. anvatara, Aurivillius, /,c. p. 159 (1899).
The two forms of this subspecies are :
B. anv. anv. f. anvatara, with a light underside to the hindwing ; and
B. anv. anv. f. seriata nov., with the underside of the hindwing tawny chestnut,
marked with three rows of creamy-white spots. In this form the apex of the
forewing below bears also a row of creamy-white spots.
Type from Morondawa, Madagascar.
6. B. anvatara boydi.
Byblia cora, Butler (non Feisthamel, 1850), Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 177. t. 18. f£. 4 (1881)
(Sokotra).
Byblia boydi Dixey, ibid. p. 375. t. 30, f. 1, 2 (1898) (Sokotra).
Only the form with the dark underside to the hindwing is known.
( 528 )
c. B. anvatara acheloia.
Hypanis acheloia Wallengren, Lep. Rhop. Caffr. p. 29 (1857).
Hypanis ilithyia, Trimen, S. Afr. Butt. p. 214, n. 124 (1862-66) (partim).
Hypanis castanea Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond. p. 759 (1886).
Hypanis ilithyia var. vulgaris Staudinger, Exot. Sch, i. p. 106 (1886) (E, Afr.).
Byblia goetzius var, (et ab. ?) vulgaris, Aurivillius, lc. p, 159 (1898).
Byblia goetzius var, temp. acheloia, id., l.c,
This subspecies occurs from South Africa to the Harar Highlands and Hrytrea.
The specimens are generally easily recognised by the black markings being less
extended than in B. anvatara crameri from West Africa. The “dry phase” is
f. acheloia = castanea, while the “ wet phase ” is f. vulgaris. ,
The specimens brought home by O. Neumann and Baron von Erlanger belong
to this subspecies.
I (eiitcig W/E SOLE
f. acheloia from: Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 11. v. 00; Luku, Sheikh-
Hussein, 25. vi. 00; Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00.
f. vulgaris from: Harar, 9. & 12.iv. 00; Abd-el-Kadr, 11. & 14. vy. 00; Atschabo
to Kumbi, 4. vi. 00; Kumbi, 6. vi. 00; Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00;
Djidda, 2700—2800 m., 24. vii. 00; Hauasch R., 2, viii. 00; Boko to Kore,
Hauasch R., 5. vii. 00; Dalba to Uma R., Konta, 28. ii. 01.
d. B. anvatara crameri.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus ilithya, Cramer (non Drury, 1773), Pap. Ex. iii. p. 35. 37, t. 213.
A.B; t. 214. f. c. D. (1779).
Papilio goetzius Herbst., l.c. (partim).
Hypanis cora, Lucas (non Feisthamel, 1850), Jc.
Byblia ilithyia Drury var. crameri Aurivillius, Tidskr. Ent. xv. p. 279 (1894) (Kamerun).
This subspecies occurs from Sierra Leone (Senegal ?) to the Congo basin,
extending eastwards to Uganda. The form with the dark underside to the hind-
wing, which we name
B. anv. crameri f. fasciata nov.,
is undoubtedly much rarer than B. anv. cram. f. crameri. We have a long series
of B. anv. crameri with dates, the specimens being obtained during the dry as well
as the wet seasons. There are very few f. fasciata among them, f. crameri being
prevalent all the year round.
Type of f. fusciata from Accra, Gold Coast.
Genus ASTEROPE.
Asterope Hiibner, Verz. bel, Schm. p. 66 (1816-23) (type: amulia Cram,, 180. c. D.).
Crenis Boisduval, Faune Madag. Bourb. p. 48 (1833) (type: madagascariensis) ; Auriv., lc, p. 158
(1899).
Metacrenis Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc, Lond. p, 259 (1895) (partim; syn. of Crenidomimas, type
concordia).
The species of this genus are exceptionally difficult to deal with—at least,
most of them. That is shown by the numerous mistakes made by the authors
who since 1860 have tried to characterise new species and varieties. In order
to find out the correct names for the three species of Asterope obtained by
O. Neumann, we have compared all the original descriptions with the material
( 529 )
of Asterope contained in the Tring Museum. We believe that we have correctly
identified all the known species with the exception of one, A. garega. This
species is described by Karsch from Kamerun in Ent. Nachr. p. 173 (1892)
from a single d. The learned Professor compares it with A. natalensis, from
which it is said to differ in the following points: the dark brown border to the
anterior edge of the forewing, which border includes paler spots, is narrower,
and is almost straight behind at R® (=Karsch’s M*); the eye-spots on the
underside of the hindwing are more proximal; the apex of the forewing is
more obviously truncate, and the outer margin rounded, not undulate.
> Aurivillius, who had doubtless compared the type of garega, puts it down
as a synonym of howensis of Staudinger, lc. p. 161. n. 4 (1899). This howensis,
as conceived by Aurivillins and Staudinger, is a mixture of different species.
However, as Aurivillius refers to Mabille’s Plate XVII. f. 5. 6, adding f. 3. 4.
with ?, it is obvious that Aurivillius believed howensis to be a species somewhat
similar in colonr to the 2 of zatalensis. Therefore, garega being considered
identical with Aowensis by Anrivillius, we must conclude that garega is similar
to the ? of natalensis, not to the d. However, we can scarcely believe that
Prof. Karsch compared the ¢ of a supposed new species with the ? of a known
one without saying so. We have no specimen from Kamerun, Gabun, or the
Lower Congo, which agrees with the short description of garega, and must for
the present treat the name garega as of dubious application.
40. Asterope occidentalium.
Crenis occidentalium Mabille, Bull. Soc. Zool. France i. p. 275 (1876) (Gabon).
The range of this species extends from Sierra Leone to Angola, and eastwards
to Western Abyssinia.
There are two subspecies :—
a. Asterope occidentalium occidentalium.
C. 0. Mabille, /.c. ; Aurivillius, /.c. p. 160, n. 1 (1899).
Crenis vadimonis Druce, Ent. Mo, Mag. xiv. p. 226 (1878).
Crenis ribbei Dewitz, N. Acta. Leop. Carol. Ak, Naturf, xli, 2. p. 196. t. 26. £. 3 (1879) (Northern
Angola). 5;
10 3S from: Scheko, 25., 26., 27. iv. 01 ; Upper Gelo R., 1. v. 01.
These specimens do not differ from West Coast examples.
b. Asterope occidentalium penricei subsp. nov.
3. Upperside paler than in the preceding, but darker than in moranti, about
midway between the two in tint.
Underside: Forewing not quite so pale ochraceous as in morante, much
paler than in occ. occidentalium; the black patch situated proximally of the
greyish apical area rather deeper in tint than in moranti and a little larger,
being much smaller and better defined than in oce. occidentalium; the smaller
patch just outside the apex of the cell is less distinct than the larger patch,
being in one of the specimens vestigial ; the black dots in the apical area are
less distinct than in the previous. On the hindwing the basal half and the
eye-spots are flushed with pale violet, as in morantz, the inner violet-grey ring
of the €ye-spots contrasting in some specimens rather strongly with the olivaceous
( 530 )
The clasper of occ. occidentalium is produced into a very long and slender
process, which is curved, and is beset at the ventral edge with sharp teeth pro-
jecting basad, and the harpe, which is broad and obtuse, bears at the upper
edge near the base a long, pointed, conical, slightly curved tooth. In oce. penricet
the process of the harpe is shorter and broader, bearing also more teeth, some
of which are placed on the outer surface of the clasper, and the dorsal tooth of
the harpe is thinner and shorter.
Hab. Calweha River, Angola, April and May, 1898 (G. W. Penrice).
43d.
Asterope moranti.
Crenis morantit Trimen, Trans, Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 439 (1881) (Natal) ; id. & Bowk., S. Afr, Butt,
i. p, 253, n, 82. t, 5, £.3 (9) (1887); Auriv., Zc. n, 2 (1899).
We have 2 dd and 1 ¢ of this insect, namely, a pair from Natal, the
being caught May 2nd 1892, at the Valmert River, and a second ¢ from Zomba,
Nyassaland, obtained in December 1895 by Dr. Perey Rendall.
As will be seen from the above description of A. oce. penricei, the present
species and occidentalium come rather close in characters, the gap being partly
bridged over by oce. penrice’. However, the long tooth projecting from the
upper edge of the harpe in both subspecies of occidentalium is absent from our
244 of moranti. The process of the clasper is rather shorter than in oce. penricet,
and rough with small tooth-like tubercles all over the outer surface, the dentition
of the lower edge (=distal edge, as the clasper is turned upwards) being much
less distinct than in either form of occidentalium. Notwithstanding these differ-
ences, it is quite possible that moranti is nothing else but the eastern subspecies.
of occidentalium. A sufliciently large series of specimens from Southern Angola
and the Upper Zambesi may eventually prove the insects to completely inter-
grade.
41. Asterope boisduvali.
Crenis boisduvali Wallengren, Rhop, Caffr. p. 30. n. 2 (1857) (Natal) ; Trim. & Bowk., Jc. i. p. 252.
n, 81. t. 5. f. 2 (gf). 2a (2) (1887) ; Auriv., lc. n, 3 (1899).
Crenis natalensis, Trimen (non Boisduval, 1847), Rhop. Afr, Austr, p. 144. n. 86 (1862).
The individual variability in size and colour is not inconsiderable. There
are in both sexes paler and darker individuals. The difference is especially
noticeable in the ?¢. In the pale specimens the rings of the eye-spots on the
underside of the hindwing are often rather bright ochraceous. The clasping
organs of the d are characteristic for this species: the clasper is produced upwards
into a club-shaped, densely tuberculated process, and the long harpe, which is
also curved upwards, ends in a long smooth point.
A. boisduvali consists of two subspecies :—
a. Asterope boisduvali kaffana subsp. nov.
3. Differs from A. 4. boisduvali on the underside. The forewing is deeper
in tint, approaching that of A. 0. occidentalium, the subapical dots are less
distinct, the hindwing is more uniform in colour, olivaceous, and the eye-spots
not so prominent, resembling in distinctness those of A. 0. occidentalium.
8 33 from: Godjeb to Bonga, Kaffa, 4. iv. 01, type ; Scheko, 25. & 26. iv. 01;
Upper Gelo R., 4. v. 01.
( 531 )
6. Asterope boisduvali boisduvali.
Crenis boisduvali Wallengren, /.c.
We have a very long series from Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, Congo, Angola,
Cape Colony, Natal, Delagoa Bay, British East Africa, Uganda, and Unyoro.
Asterope howensis.
Crenis howensis Staudinger, Exot. Schm. i. p. 108 (1886) (Madagascar ; “ Natal” error loci vel alia
species) ; Auriv., le. p. 161. n, 4 (1899) (partim ; Madagascar; nec Kamerun, Natal, Delagoa
Bay, Querimbe).
Crenis natalensis, Mabille (non Boisduval, 1847), in Grandid., Hist, Nat. Madag., Lép. p. 152. t. 17.
£.3&4(f). 5 & 6 (Y) (1885-87),
The representative of boisduvali ; perhaps only a subspecies, a question which
is better left for a future monographer of the genus to decide. The underside
of the hindwing is as strongly variegated as in A. 4. doisduvali. There are
here, as in the previous species, darker and paler specimens in both sexes. The
incrassate apical portien of the process of the clasper is rather longer than in
A. boisduvali, and the harpe is much shorter and obtuse, not being produced into
a long point.
The species occurs only on Madagascar (or, at least, only in the Malagasie
subregion), not on the Continent. The Natal specimens which Standinger
identified as howensis when publishing this name had either a wrong locality
attached to them, or belonged to natalensis or moranti, or were large individuals
of boisduvali. :
We have 12 dd and 8 2? & of howensis.
Asterope natalensis.
Crenis natalensis Boisduval, in Deleg., Voy. Afr. Austr. ii. p. 592 (1847) (Natal) ; Auriv., /.c. p. 161,
n. 6 (1899) (partim ; Natal, Transvaal ; nee Madagascar ; nec var. trimeni).
Crenis boisduvali Staudinger, Exot. Schm. t. 40 (1885).
Crenis wallengreni id., l.c. p, 108 (1886) (Natal).
The sexes of this species are more different than they are in all the preceding
ones, the ? being much paler on the upperside and having a purer black apical
area to the forewing, with larger, more sharply defined and brighter-coloured spots
in it than the d.
The clasper of the d is prolonged into a tapering, but not pointed, process,
which is denticulate ; the harpe is obtuse, irregularly spatulate, being dilated
ventrally before the apex. °
We have 5 dd and 6 $? from: Cape Colony; Natal; Delagoa Bay;
Mikindani, German East Africa (Reimer).
Asterope madagascariensis.
Crenis madagascariensis Boisduval, Faune Madag. Bourb. p. 48 (1833) (Madag.) ; Mabille, in
Grandid., Hist. Nat. Madag., Lép.i. p. 151, t. 17. f. 1. 2 (¢ ) (1885-7).
The sharply defined large black apical area to the forewing above distinguishes
this species from all the others. On the underside the apex of the forewing and
the whole hindwing are as light grey as in natalensis; the markings are obsolescent.
The elasper of the ¢ is prolonged into a very slender, very long, and almost
straight process, which is beset with pointed tubercles on the innerside and all
round at the apex ; the harpe is very short and obtuse, bearing bristles at the apex.
We have 11 dd and 10 ? ? from various places in Madagascar.
( 532 )
Asterope amazoula.
Crenis amazoula Mabille, Bull. Soc. Ent. Belg. xxiii. p. 16 (1880) (Madag. ; “Natal” loci error vel
alia spec.).
Crenis amazula (!) id., in Grandid., Hist. Nat. Madag., Lép. i. p. 153. t, 17. £. 7-10 (8 2) (1885-7)
(Madag.).
Crenis natalensis, Aurivillius (non Boisduval, 1847), lc. p. 161. p. 6 (1899) (partim).
It is to be regretted that Mabille gave the name amazoula to an insect which
is confined to the Malagasic subregion. The Boisduvalian specimens from Natal,
to which Mabille refers in his original description as being the same as the
Malagasic ones, had either a wrong locality attached to them or belonged to
Asterope trimenit.
In colour amazoula is widely different from madagascariensis, while the
sexual armature of the two insects is apparently identical. That is very remark-
able; for the astonishingly great similarity or (according to our research) identity
in these organs is directly injurious to the existence of the insects as separate
entities. The markings of the underside are prominent, in contradistinction to
madagascariensis. The outer rings of the eye-spots of the hindwings are ochraceous
and merged together to two lines.
In the Tring Museum 3 ¢¢ and 5 ? 2, mostly from Morondawa, S.W. Mada-
gascar (Last).
Asterope trimeni.
Crenis natalensis var., Trimen, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. p. 76. n. 25. t. 9. £. 12(f) (1891) (Omrora
and Okavanga R., S.W. Afr., xi. xii.).
Crenis natalensis var, triment Aurivillius, l.c. p. 161. sub n. 6 (1899).
We have 14 dd and 5 2? of this insect from between Stanley Pool and
Lukolele (Congo), various places in Angola (October and November), Cape Colony
and Delagoa Bay.
As the differences in colour between this series and that of natalensis in the
Tring Museum are accompanied by differences in the sexual apparatus, we have
no doubt that ¢rémeni is a distinct species. The species is easily recognised by the
underside of the hindwing being of a peculiar blue-grey colour, and by the outer
rings of the eye-spots being bright ochraceous and merged together to two lines.
The d is paler than the ?. The brown-black apical area of the upperside of the
forewing of the ? is nearly as large as in natalensis 2, but the pale ochraceous
spots within it are larger. The d differs from that of natalensis in the much paler
upperside and the larger and more clearly marked pale ochraceous spots in the
apical half of the upperside of the forewing, and in the presence of a black-brown
patch just outside the cell on the underside of the forewing, the patch resembling
that of the 2. The clasper is much shorter and more obtuse than in natalensis ;
the harpe is spatulate. A. trimeni reminds one of the Malagasic amazoula ; the
latter agrees, however, in structure with madagascariensis, differing widely from
triment and natalensis.
Asterope consors spec. noy.
A series of both sexes of an Asterope from Angola and the Upper Zambesi,
though apparently identical with ¢rimeni in structure, seems to us to represent
. another species. We thought at first that consors and trimeni (and madagas-
cariensis and amazoula) were seasonal forms of one species. However, our
specimens of consors and trimeni from Angola were all caught at the end of the
( 533 )
dry and beginning of the (short) rainy season during the end of September,
October and November, except three worn specimens of consors which were
obtained in July. Compare Asterope amulia.
3. Resembling on the upperside the ? (!) of natalensis ; the black apical area
of the forewing rather less extended, the patch beyond the apex of the cell and at
the base of cellule R°—M! being smaller ; the patches within the black area of the
same ochraceous tone as the outer portion of the disc, being less pale than in
natalensis ¢ ; the proximal subcostal ochraceous patch larger than in natalensis ¢,
approaching that of trimeni ?, well separated from the submarginal patch R3—M?',
which is about the same size as in natalensis ?, being smaller than in trimeni ? ;
this patch R’—M! is separated from the dise by a black streak on vein M!;
the ochraceous subapical spots larger than in natalensis ?, but smaller than in
triment ?; the distal marginal band deeper black than in either species, as is also
the marginal band of the hindwing ; the black submarginal spot M?—SM? of the
forewing larger than in ¢riment and natalensis 2, and sharper marked ; ground-
colour of both wings rather paler than in natalensis 2, but more olivaceous than
in triment 9.
Underside: Forewing much brighter ochraceous than in natalensis 9, hindwing
and apex of forewing conspicuously washed with a darker bluish grey tint than in
triment ; black subapical dots of forewing as small as in nxatalensis; a broad black
subapical band as in natalensis ?, continued along outer margin to hinder angle ;
connected with this band is another which is situated outside the cell as in
natalensis ¢ and trimeni $; a large brown-black submarginal patch between
M? and SM?. Hindwing: black bars and dots not so heavy as in ¢rimeni, the
black submarginal dots especially much smaller; the two crenate lines forming
the outer rings of the eye-spots nearer together than in ¢rimeni, but not forming
complete rings ; the inner one of these crenate lines more or less ochraceous tawny,
the outer one black-brown.
2. Similar to d; the black parts of the forewing deeper in tone and somewhat
more extended, the light parts of the apical half of the forewing paler. On the
underside, the eye-spots shaded over with black, excepting the second and the
posterior ones (the second and the last being the palest also in ¢) ; basal half of
hindwing also shaded with black, especially at the median series of bars. ;
Hab. Longa R., Angola, November 1899 (G. W. Penrice), type ; Libollo, Angola,
July 1901 (H. Pemberton); Gowlu-pan, between Lialui and Gazunguli, Upper
Zambesi, March 1898 (R. T. Coryndon) ; 8 dd, 5 $8.
Asterope umbrina.
Crenis wumbrina Karsch, Entom. Nachr. xviii. p. 114 n. 8 (1892) (2, Togo) ; id., Berl. Ent. Zeitschr.
xxxviii, p. 179. n. 22. t. 5. £. 2 (2) (1893) (9, ¢); Auriv., lic, p. 161. n. 5 (1899).
We know only the ¢ of wmbrina. This species is the palest of all on the
upperside, being almost buff or clayish buff (Ridgway, Nomencl. Colours t. v.n. 8
and 13), shaded with olive basally. The apical area of the forewing is nearly
marked as in natalensis % (1), but the dark portions are very much paler, being bistre-
brown, not black ; the pale submarginal patch R°—M! is sharply defined owing to
the base of cellule R*—M! being filled in with bistre-brown. On the underside the
forewing bears a brown-black band outside the apex of the cell. The clasper is
dilated at the end and incrassate, club-shaped in side-view ; the dilated part
( 534 )
denticulated; the harpe tapers slightly in ventral view, rather strongly in side-view,
being sabre-shaped in this aspect.
There are in the Tring Museum 7 ¢¢ of this species collected by Dr. Ansorge
at Lugula, Usoga, 21. xii. 96; Mondo, Uganda, 24. xii. 96; Banda, Uganda,
27. xii. 96 ; Kikoyero, Unyoro, 31. iii. 97 ; Kaligire, Unyoro, 5. i. 98.
42. Asterope ansorgei spec. nov.
3. Upperside of wings ochraceous, mach brighter than in all the other
species.—— Forewing : costal and apical area brown-black, this colour varying much
in intensity and extent; the brown-black patch at the apex of the cell gradually
shading off basally, the blackish shade filling in nearly the whole cell; the
oblique brown subapical band either blackish brown, obsolescent, or black and
extended to the distal margin; in the former case (type) the ochraceous subapical
spots, which are of the colour of the disc, not separated from it; the brown
patch situated at the base of cellule R*—M' obsolete, practically absent, or
obsolescent at M'; black-brown submarginal spot M’—SM? small. Hindwing :
black dots smaller than in trimen?, natalensis, umbrina, and consors.
Underside.——-Forewing rather brighter yellow than in consors and trimeni ;
subapical band brown or black, not extended to distal margin; oblique band
beyond apex of cell broad, separated from the subapical one or connected with
it; apex of wing dirty grey, proximal submarginal series of dots within this area
obsolescent ; submarginal spot M?—SM? vestigial. Hindwing similar to that
of natalensis, the bars and rings more or less obviously clayish ochraceous ; black
centres of eye-spots small.
Sexual armature essentially as in natalensis.
?. Not known to as.
Hab.: Rau, Nandi country, 14. iii. 99: Patsho, Nandi country, 11. xii. 96;
Kabras, Uganda Protectorate, 13. xii. 96 (type) ; Kiwalogoma, Uganda, 26. xii. 96 ;
Banda, Uganda, 27. xii. 96; Kampala, Uganda, i. 97; Port Alice, Uganda, 1. &
2. i, 97, and 10.—13. ii. 97; Msarosaro, Uganda, 14. iii. 99; three days’ march
from Fort Beni, Aruwimi Forest, 7. v. 99 ; 50 dd, all caught by Dr. Ansorge,
in whose honour the species is named.
O. Neumann found 4 dd between Godjeb and Bonga, Kaffa, 4. iv. 01.
Asterope amulia.
Papilio Nymphalis Gemmatus amulia Cramer, Pap, Ex. ii. p. 128. t. 189, £. C. (1777) (Sierra
Leone).
Papilio Nymphalis amalia, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. iii. 1. p. 129. n. 398 (1793) (Sierra Leone).
Crenis amulia, Aurivillius, J.c. p. 161. n. 8 (1899).
This and the two following species agree almost exactly in the genital
armature of the dd, a fact of importance, if we have to weigh the bearing
of the similarity in these organs between Asterope madagascariensis and amazoula,
natalensis and ansorgei, consors and trimeni, upon the relation of the insects
towards each other. It is evident that, since nobody can doubt the distinctness
at least of amulia from benguelae or rosa, the similarity in the sexual organs
of the before-named insects is also not an indication of specific identity of the
insects. The clasper of amulia, rosa and benguelae is truncate and at the
upper corner produced into a very long and very slender process, which is
denticulate at the end and more or less curved, the apex being sometimes almost
( 535 )
bent into a hook. The harpe of all three species is hook-shaped, the apical half
being directed basad and upwards and sharply pointed.
In the Tring Mnseum 70-odd dd and 17 2? from: Gold Coast; Warri,
Niger ; Cameroons ; Gaboon ; Angola.
Asterope rosa.
Crenis rosa Hewitson, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 82 (1877) (Delagoa Bay, 9); Auriv., /.c. p. 161. n. 10
(1899: partim).
Crenis mafiae Staudinger, Jris x. p. 358 (1898) (Mafia I., Germ E. Afr.) ; Auriv., /.c. n. 9 (1899).
When describing his mafiae, Staudinger started from the erroneous proposition
that rosa (described from Delagoa Bay) was the same as pechueli (described from
Angola), and then proceeded to point out the differences between mafiae and what
he called rosa.
Standinger had evidently not read Hewitson’s description of rosa, nor
compared Mrs. Monteiro’s figure of it (in Monteiro, Delagoa Bay, 1891), else
he would at once have seen that his mafiae was nothing else but rosa, and that
rosa aud pechueli were different.
The 12 6d and 5 22 in the Tring Museum are from: Mombasa; Rubuhu
R., Magwaneware, Germ. East Africa, 5. i. 94 (Dr. Ansorge), Dar-es-Salaam ;
Chipaika Estate, Bandawe, Nyassaland, 5. v. 00 (Watkinson); Deep Bay,
Lake Nyassa, 17. x. 95 (Crawshay); Mongu, Barotse, Upper Zambesi, ii. 98
(Coryndon); Lumbi and Gowlu-pan, between Lialui and Gazungula, Upper
Zambesi, March 98 (Coryndon) ; Bolombo R., Angola, 10. v. 95 (Penrice).
Asterope pechueli.
Crenis pechueli Dewitz, N. Acta Leop. Car. Ak. Naturf. xli.2 p. 195, t. 26. f. 1 (¢) (1887) (Angola) ;
id., lc. p. 368, t. 17. £. 2 () (1887)
Crenis rosa, Staudinger (non Hewitson, 1877), Jris x. p. 358 (1898) ; Auriv., /.c. p. 161. n. 10 (1899)
(partim).
The distribution of pechueli and rosa speaks against their being geographical
races (= subspecies) of the same insect. The series of black submarginal spots
appears to be always complete on the underside of the forewing in pechuel7, while
in rosa there are only four spots, the fourth moreover being much enlarged.
We have only od of this species, seventeen from the Congo and one from
the Cambe Vley, between Lialui and Gazungula, Upper Zambesi (Coryndon).
Marpesia camillus.
Papilio Eques Achivus camillus Fabricius, Spec. Ins. ii. p. 11. n. 42 (1781) (Afr. aequin.).
Cyrestis camillus, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 163. n. 1 (1899).
As the type of Hiibner’s Marpesia is thyonneus Cram. 220. BE. F., we must
employ that name for the present species instead of Cyrestis. The author of
Cyrestis did not treat Hiibner’s names as valid, merely quoting them as
synonyms.
Aurivillius, d.c., suggested that the Malagasie elegans was a variety of
camillus. As our series of Hast African specimens of camiéllus contains individuals
which approach elegans rather closely, and as further there is no structural difference
between elegans and camillus, there can be no doubt that elegans and camillus are
geographical forms (= subspecies) of the same inseét. The eastern Continental
individuals (from British East Africa to Nyassalaud) differ slightly from the
western and northern ones as pointed out by Lathy, who described and figured
( 536 )
the eastern form as a distinct species (sublineata), in Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 25.
n. 69. t. tii. f.1(1901). There are therefore three subspecies of camillus. The
specimens obtained by Herr Oscar Neumann belong to :—
43. Marpesia camillus camillus.
Papilio Eques Achivus camillus Fabricius, l.c.
Cyrestis camillus nigrescens Martin, Iris p. 162 (1903).
Bands broad and black as a rule, variable, the discal one (second outside cell)
olivaceous or ochraceous. The specimens from Somaliland and Abyssinia belong to
this subspecies. The distinctions between cam. camillus and cam. sublineatus are not
constant. In some of our specimens of swblineatus the bands are partly obliterated.
The dd have on the whole darker bands than the ? 2.
Six dod from: Kankati Forest, Djimma, 3. iv. 01; Detscha to Schubba, Kaffa,
11. iv. 01 ; Upper Gelo River, 1. v. 01.
44. Neptis saclava marpessa.
Nepiis marpessa Hopffer, Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Berlin p. 640 (1855) ; id., in Peters, Reise Mozambique,
Ins. p. 383. t. 24, f. 9. 10 (1862).
Neptis nemetes var. pasteuri Snellen, Tijdschr. Ent. xxv. p. 221 (1882) (Quanza R.).
Neptis saclava, Aurivillius (nox Boisduval, 1833), /.c. p. 166. n. 6 (1899) (partim) ; Pagenst., /.c.
p. 146. n. 1 (1902) (synon, partim),
The Continental specimens differ from Malagasic ones in the white patches
of the forewing and the white band of the hindwing being decidedly more
restricted, and the black submarginal spots of the hindwing being larger.
8 dd, 6 2? from: Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00; Walenso, Gillet
Mts., 9. vii. 00; Gara-Daij, Abunass, 2500—2700 m., 10. vii. 00; Abulcassim,
2400—2600 m., 16. vii. 00 ; Djala, Gofa, 31. i. 01.
The description of Snellen’s nemetes var. pasteuri, l.c., fits exactly the present
insect.
45. Neptis nemetes obtusa subsp. nov.
3. Costal margin of forewing comparatively shorter than in nem. nemetes, the
wing appearing more obtuse. The white band of fore- and hindwing much
narrower than in xem. nemetes, the inner edge of the band of the hindwing crossing
vein M just at the point of origin of M'.
Length of forewing: 21 mm,
Two dé from: Scheko, 27. iv. 01.
46. Neptis agatha.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus agatha Stoll, in Cram., Pap. Ex. iv. p. 76. t. 327. £. A. B. (1782)
(Sierra Leone).
Neptis agatha, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 167. n. 9 (1899) ; Pagenst., d.c. p. 146. n. 2 (1902).
The species occurs all over Africa south of the Sahara. It has not developed
into subspecies, but it is individually variable. The South African specimens have
the white band on the whole narrower than tropical ones.
A long series from: Odamuda to Djugi, Djidda, 20. vi. 00 ; Luku, Scheikh-
Hussein, 20. & 21. vi. 00; Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 8. vii. 00 ; Gara-Daij,
Abunass, 1900—2200 m., 10. vii. 00; Djaffa, 19. vii. 00 ; Gindeberat, 25. ix. 00 ;
Badattino, Schoa, 27. ix. 00; Lake Abassi, 4. xii. 00; Alata, Sidamo, 138. xii. 00 ;
Koritscha to Tomata, Dara R., Gudji, 24. xii. 00 ; Alesa, Kotscha, 22. & 28. ii. OL;
Alesa to Schetie, Kotscha, 25. ii. 01; Anderatscha to Godjeb, Kaffa, 24. iii. 01 ;
Kankati to Djibbe, Djimma, 26. iii. 01.
( 537 )
47. Neptis melicerta melicerta.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus melicerta Drury, Illust. Ex. Ins, ii. p. 34. t. 19 f. 3, 4. and Index
(1773) (Sierra Leone),
Neptis melicerta, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 169. n. 24 (1899).
Only two oo from Scheko, 27. iv. 01, which agree fairly well with West
African examples, differing from the Hast African melicerta goochi in the white
elongate spot in the cell of the forewing being complete.
Pseudacraea lucretia.
Papilio Nymphalis Phaleratus lucretia Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 71. t. 45. f, c. D. (1775) (Guinea).
The insects described as apaturoides, comorana, walensensis, lucretia, protracta,
ete., ete., belong all to the same species. We distinguish six subspecies :
a. Pseudacraea lucretia apaturoides from Madagascar.
b.
5 33 comorana ,, the Comoro Islands.
Gs oF » walensensis ,, Somaliland and Abyssinia.
d. ” ” lucretia » West Africa.
é. » ” tarquinia ,, South Africa.
‘f: rf 9 expanse » Hast Africa.
The name /eliogenes refers to orange specimens of expansa, and protracta to
partly ochraceous ones of /ucretia. The female sex is dichromatic (everywhere ?),
one form being white as the ¢ usually is, and the other having the markings of
the upperside partly or all ochreous. Sometimes the hindwing is pale ochraceous
and the forewing white (d and ?).
48. Pseudacraea lucretia walensensis.
Panopea walensensis Sharpe, Proc. Zool, Soc. Lond. p. 532. n. 31 (1896) (Walenso).
Pseudacraea apaturoides var, walensensis, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 174. n. 2 (1899).
Pseudacraea lucretia, Pagenstecher, l.c. p, 146. n. 1 (1902) (Gorobube, 20. iii. 1901).
A variable subspecies, coming nearest to Uganda specimens. In some indi-
viduals the white band of the forewing is widely interrupted behind M’ as in ordinary
West Coast specimens; in others it is complete, as described by Miss Sharpe.
The white subapical spots of the forewing are said by the authoress to be more
square than in apaturoides; in all our specimens they are longer. The submarginal
dots of the hindwing, above, are in most specimens small but sharply marked.
The band of the hindwing is in the Somaliland individuals on the whole broader
than in those found farther west by O. Neumann. In some of the latter specimens
the band is distinctly shortened behind. One ¢ from Scheko is yellowish on
fore- and hindwing. The forewing of the ? is rather more elongate than that of
the ¢ in all subspecies of ducretia.
13 dd, 6 2? from: Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4, vii. 00 ; Walenso,
Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 9. vii. 00; Gara-Daij, Abunass, 1900—2000 m., 10. vii. 00 ;
Madali, Abai R., 1. x. 00; Anderatscha, Kaffa, 12—19. iii. 01 ; Scheko, 27. iv. U1.
49. Aterica galena incisa subsp. nov.
3. Upperside of wings: spots of forewing smaller than in West African
galene ; the patch of the hindwing rather more rounded distally and somewhat
edged with tawny ; the inner side of the patch straight, but deeply incised at the
cross-vein, the incision extending from R* halfway to R§, On the underside the
spots of the forewing as small as above ; hindwing rather more buflish than in
( 538 )
gal. galene (West African subspecies), agreeing better with gal. theophane (East
African subspecies), a brown A-mark outside the double cell-spot.
One 3 from between Kankati and Djibbe, Djimma, 26. iii. 01.
In A. galene theophane the patch of the hindwing of the ¢ is always bordered
with ochreous rufous, and is of a deeper yellowish tint than in gad. galene, as are
the spots of the forewing; the discal spots of the latter are larger than in West
Coast examples ; tlie two pointed processes of the tenth tergite are rather more
curved sideways. The ? of theophane has the spots of the forewing white and the
patch of the hindwing orange, differing from West Coast ? ¢ with orange hindwing
in the spots of the forewing being purer white and the discal ones larger, con-
tiguous, and in the abdominal fold of the hindwing not being white-hairy.
The do of A. galene galene occur in two forms, one having the spots of the
forewing the same colour as the patch of the hindwing, the other having them
almost white. The ? occur in three forms: (1) spots of forewing and patch of
hindwing white ; (2) as before, but hindwing with cinnamon-rufous patch posteriorly
outside the white area ; (3) spots of forewing pale buff, patch of hindwing pale
orange.
Leucosticha nom. nov.
Hamamunida Hiibner, Verz. bek. Schm. p. 18 (1816-26) (partim ; type: veronica Cram, 325. c. D) ;
Auriy., /.c. p. 181 (1899).
Canopus Felder (non Fabricius, 1803), N. Acta Leop. Car. Acad. Naturf. xxviii, 3. p. 33 (1861)
(type : daedalus).
50. Leucosticha daedalus.
Papilio Danaus Festivus daedalus Fabricius, Syst. Ent. p. 482. n. 174 (1775) (Guinea).
Papilio Danaus Festivus meleagris Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 102. t. 66. f. a. B (1775) (‘ West
Indies ’’ !).
13,2 992 of f. meleagris from: Upper Busijo, Gindeberat, 25. ix. 00; Gelo R.
to Akobo R., v. O01.
6363, 5 2? of f. daedalus from: Artu, north of Harar, 2. iti. 00; Abd-el-
Kadr, southfof Harar, 11. & 14. v. 00; Gurgura to Gololota, 17. vi. 00 ; Sekuata
to Hanasch R., Schoa, 18. xi. 00; Alesa, Kotscha, 23. ii. 01; Dalba to Uma R.,
Konta, 28. ii. 01.
51. Euphaedra preussi neumanni.
Euphaedva neumanni Rothschild, Noy. Zoou. ix. p. 596, n. 7 (1902).
A comparison of this insect with a long series of preuss? has convinced us
that the differences between newmanni and preussi are only of subspecific value.
1 3,2 2? from: Scheko, 27. iv. 01; Upper Gelo R., 1. v. 01.
The ? from the latter place has the pale middle area of the upperside of
fore- and hindwing much more reduced than the Scheko ?, and the black cell-
spots of the underside are larger, there being, moreover, a distinct black bar
on the cross-veins of both wings.
52. Euphaedra sarita abyssinica.
Euphaedra sarita abyssinica Rothschild, l.c. n. 6 (1902).
233, 3 29 from: Banka, Mole, 17. ii. 01; Kankati Forest, Djimma,
3. iv. O1.
( 539 )
The specific distinctness from one another of F. sarita, eberti, inanum and
ceres is not beyond doubt. It is scarcely possible to decide where to draw
the line of distinction between them.
53. Euphaedra medon.
Papilio medon Johanssen, in Linné, Amoen. vi. p. 402. n. 53 (1763) (“in Indiis” !).
Euphaedra medon, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 190. n. 20 (1899).
1 ¢ from the Upper Gelo River, 8. v. 01.
The specimen has a yellow subapical band on the upperside of the forewing,
an entirely blue-green upperside to the hindwing, a narrow, abbreviated, white
subapical band on the underside of the forewing, and a white discal band on
the hindwing, The black cell-spots of the underside are small.
The genus Huphaedra requires a thorough revision. Some species are
amazingly variable. We have studied the genus to some extent, but not sufficiently
to publish the results. We can only say this much—that it is a very hard nut
to crack. The sexual armature is of little help, being obviously different only
in a small number of species.
54. Charaxes varanes vologeses.
Charaxes vologeses Mabille, Bull. Soe. Zool. France i. p. 280 (1876) (Congo).
Charaxes varanes vologes, Rothschild & Jordan, Noy. Zoot. vii. p. 358 (1900).
Charaxes varanes, Pagenstecher, /.c, p. 150. n. 6 (1902).
4863,3 22% from: Harar, 17. iv. 00; Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar,
14. & 16. v. 00; Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 8. vii. 00; Abulcassim,
2100—2600 m., 16. vii. 00.
The white area of the upperside of the wings is on an average less extended
than in ordinary tropical individuals. In two of the specimens from Abd-el-Kadr
the underside is strongly irrorated with black-brown, while in the 2 from Harar
the underside is green-olive, resembling the leaf-like form occurring commonly
in South-East Africa. The ? from Abulcassim has the underside irrorated,
but less strongly than those d¢ from Abd-el-Kadr.
55. Charaxes candiope candiope.
Nymphalis candiope Godart, Enc. Méth. ix. p. 353. n 10 (1823) (hab.?).
Charaxes candiope candiope, Rothschild & Jord., l.c. p. 366. n. 26a (1900).
Charaxes candiope, Aurivillius, l.c, p. 240. n. 51 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 150. n. 5 (1902),
83d, 42% from: Abd-el-Kadr, 14., 15. & 16. v. 00; Habela to Alata,
Sidamo, 12. xii. 00; Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. 01; Scheko, 26. iv. 01.
56. Charaxes numenes neumanni.
Charaxes numenes neumanni Rothschild, Nov. Zoot. ix. p. 597. n. 8 (1902).
1 gfrom Wori to Gamitscha, Kaffa, 5. iii. OL.
57. Charaxes tiridates marginatus subsp. nov.
d. Differs from Ch. tir. tiridates in the ochraceous marginal (respectively
admarginal) spots of both wings being larger, forming a band which is interrupted
only at the narrowly black veins, the upperside resembling that of Ch. numenes
neumannt.
1 d from Scheko, 25. iv. 01.
( 540 )
58. Charaxes boueti rectans subsp. nov.
3. Wings, upperside: Forewing: the upper admarginal orpiment-orange
spots larger than in 4. dowet? and b. lasti, the spots all being of nearly equal
size, excepting the last one, which is larger; the series of postdiscal orpiment-
orange spots straight, the uppermost spot not being more proximal than the ones
behind ir, the spots being, moreover, smaller than in the other two races.
Hindwing: the orpiment-orange admarginal band narrower than in Ch. 6. boueti
and 4, lasti.
Underside conspicuously different from that of the other subspecies of
boueti. Forewing: cell-bar 3 heavy, cell-bar 4 abbreviated, short, situated
close to bar 3 (individual character ?); median bars * SC°—R? straight, olivaceous 3
a silvery white straight postdiscal band, tapering behind, extending from SC* to
beyond M?, proximally slightly incised at the veins, bordered proximally by a
narrow olive discal band which shades off proximally, and distally by a broader
postdiscal band which ends in a large square patch M?—SM?. Hindwing :
a subbasal and a median olive band, the latter resembling that of 6. doueti in
its proximal edge being more straight than in 4. dasti?; submedian interspace
C—M silvery white ; discal bars ill-defined, broad, merged together to form a
narrow olivaceous band; submarginal interstitial band olive, paler than the olive-
black postdiscal bars, which are ill-defined; the discal bars edged with silvery
white distally, especially the upper ones; a series of silvery admarginal spots;
olive marginal line rather heavier than in the West and the Hast African
subspecies.
1 3 from the Upper Urga, Kollu, Schoa, 23. ix. 00.
59. Charaxes phoebus.
Charaxes phoebus Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1865, p. 625, n. 8, t. 36, £. 2 (3) (1866) (Abyssinia) ;
Rothsch, & Jord., /.c. p. 424. n, 54 (1900).
This species is rare in collections, as nearly all the truly Abyssinian forms.
1 3,1 ? from: Djaffa, 19. vii. 00 ; Kafissa, Lake Abassi, 10. xii. 00.
60. Charaxes brutus junius.
Charaxes brutus var. junius Oberthiir, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xv. p. 166, n. 47(1879) (Abyssinia) ;
Auriy., lec. p, 231, sub n, 1 (1899),
Charazes brutus junius, Rothschild & Jord., l.c. p. 431, n. 57a (1900).
1 ¢ from Kollu-Kollu, Schoa, 7. x. 00.
The band of the upperside is rather narrower than in the specimens described
by us dc.
61. Charaxes brutus somalicus.
Charaxes brutus somalicus Rothschild, Noy. Zoo. vii. p. 432. n. 57) (1900) (Harar Highlands).
232 from: Gara Mulata, near Harar, 29. iii. 00; Kankati forest, Djimma,
3. iv. O1.
The admarginal spots of the upperside of the hindwing are obviously smaller
than in junius. The band of the forewing of the Kankati specimen is more straight
than in the Gara Mulata individual, and also than in our specimens of junius. It
is possible that a long series will show junius and somalicus to be the same.
* See Noy. Zoon. y. p. 549. fig. 2 (1898).
( 541 )
62. Charaxes castor castor.
Papilio Eques Achivus castor Cramer, Pap. Ex. i. p. 61. t. 37. fig. c. p. & Index (1775) (Guinea).
Characes castor, Aurivillius, /.c. p. 232. n. 4 (1899).
Charaxes castor var. et ab. godarti id., l.c.
Charaxes castor castor f, godarti, Rothschild & Jord., J.c. p. 440 n. 58.c' (1900).
1 3 from Gadschin R., Jambo, 9, v. 01.
This individual resembles certain Congo specimens very closely, differing
however from all our examples of castor castor in the proximal patches SC*—R? of
the band on the upperside of the forewing being rather larger. The specimen
belongs to the form godart/, in which the interspaces in the basal half of the
underside of the wings are black.
63. Charaxes hansali.
Charaxes hansali Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. p. 446. n. 728. t. 59. £. 3. 4 (1867) (Bogos) ; Auriv.,
Le. p. 233. n. 6 (1899); Rothsch. & Jord., /.c. p. 440. n. 59 (1900).
1 3,1 % from: Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 16. y. 00 ; Wabbi, 10. vii. 00.
64. Charaxes epijasius.
Charaxes epijasius Reiche, in Ferr. & Gal., Voy. Abyss., Ent. p. 469. t. 32. f. 1. 2 (1849) ; Auriv.,
Le. p. 232. n. 3 (1899) ; Rothsch. & Jord., /.c. p. 450. n. 62 (1900).
3 36¢ from: Uma R., Konta, 1. iti. 01 ; Uanji Hill, Jambo, 13. v. 01.
65. Charaxes etesipe abyssinicus.
Charaxes etesipe abyssinicus Rothschild, Noy. Zoot. vii. p. 458. n. 64¢ (1900) (Schoa).
1 3, agreeing with the tye in the essential distinctions from etesipe etesipe
and etesipe tavetensis. From Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 3. vi. 00.
66. Charaxes achaemenes.
Charaxes achaemenes Felder, Reise Novara, Lep. p. 446. n, 729. t. 59. £. 6. 7 (1867) (Natal) ; Auriv.,
Le, p. 234. n. 16 (1899) ; Rothsch. & Jord., lc. p. 460. n. 66. t. 12. f. 1. 9 (1900); Pagenst.,
Lc. p. 149. n. 2. (1902).
Charazxes jocaste Butler, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. p. 274 (1869) (achaemenes = jocuste).
18 36 from; Abd-el-Kadr, south of Harar, 14. v. 00; Bio Woraba to Dika,
23. v.00; Djabdjabdu, 24. v.00; Moyo R., Atschubo, 2. vi. 00 ; Scheikh-Hussein,
26. vi. 00; Wabbi, Abulcassim, 15. vii. 00; Gadschin R., Jambo, 9. v. 01; Uanji
Hill, Jambo, 13. v. 01.
67. Charaxes etheocles etheocles.
Papilio Eques Achivus etheocles Cramer, Pap. Ex. ii. p. 34. t. 119 fig. p. . & Index (1777).
Charaxes etheocles, Aurivillius, lc. p. 236. n. 34 (1859); Pagnest., lc. p. 149. n. 3 (1902) (syn.
partim). Rothsch. & Jord., l.c. vi. t. 8. f. 6. J, 7. 9 (1899) ; iid., l.c. vii. p. 479. n. 74, t. 12. f,
5. 7.8. 9 % (1900).
Charaes etheocles etheocles Rothschild & Jord.
15 63, 22% from: Gobele R., 26. v. 00; Jabalo to Gurgura, 15. vi. 00;
Gurgura to Gololota, 17. vi. 00; Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 29. vi., 1. & 4. vil. 00;
Walenso, Gillet Mts., 2000 m., 8. vii. 00; Uanji Hill, Jambo, 13. v. 01.
The specimens (6d) have on the upperside of the forewing one or two
subapical spots, and some bear indications of one or two more dots; there are
two or three discal costal dots, and most specimens have also a spot in the
37
( 542 )
cell. The marginal spots of the forewing are sometimes rather distinct. The
anterior admarginal spots of the hindwing, upperside, are centred with orange or
are unicolorous. The two dd from the Uanji Hill are rather smaller than the
specimens from the other places.
The two ? 2? differ from the forms of this sex known to us. The band of the
wings, upperside, is similar in shape to that of ? f. ethalion, but is entirely white ;
on the forewing it is posteriorly slightly edged with blue, while it is broadly
bordered with that colour proximally and distally on the hindwing. This form,
which bears a rather close likeness to Ch. achaemenes, we name
Ch. etheocles etheocles °-f. daria nov.
Type from between Jabalo and Gurgura; the second specimen from the
Gillet Mts.
68. Charaxes zoolina zoolina.
Nymphalis zoolina Westwood, in Doubl., Westw. & Hew., Gren. Diurn. Lep. ii. t. 53. £. 1. 9 (1850).
Charaxes zoolina, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 243. n. 64 (1899; partim).
Charaxes zoolina zoolina Rothschild & Jord., /.c. p. 517. n. 89a. t. 9. f. 4.5. J, 6. 2 (1900).
14 33, 2 22 from: Bubassa, 22. v. 00; Bio Woraba to Dika, 23. v. 00;
Djabdjabdu, 24. v. 00; Atschabo to Kumbi, 4. vi. 00.; Luku, Scheikh-Hussein,
25. vi. 00; Scheikh-Hussein, 26. vi. 00.; Scheko, 26. iv. 01.
69. Charaxes neanthes neanthes.
Nymphalis neanthes Hewitson, Ex Butt. i. Nymphalis t. i. £. 2. 3. 9 (1854) (Natal).
Charaxes neanthes, Aurivillius, l.c. p. 244. n. 68 (1899) ; Pagenst., /.c. p. 150. n. 7 (1902).
Charazxes neanthes neanthes, Rothschild & Jord., J.c. p. 523. n, 93a (1900).
10 dd, 3 22% from: Ganda Kore, Argobba, 20. v. 00; Atschabo to Kumbi,
4, vi. 00; Gurgura to Gololota, 17. vi. 00; Lukn, Scheikh-Hussein, 25, vi. 00;
Gillet Mts., 1900—2200 m., 4. vii. 00; Djaffa, 19. vii. 00; Darro, 18. vii. 00.
(To be continued.)
NOTE ON PULEX PALLIDUS Tascu.
By THE HON, N. C. ROTHSCHILD, M.A., F.LS.
HROUGH the kindness of the Director of the Berlin Museum for Natural
History we have received two (d and ?) of the specimens from which
Taschenberg drew up the description of Plex pallidus. In this description it
is stated that pallidus is so closely related to ¢rrétans that the author doubted
the two species being specifically distinct. Pulea pallidus proves now to be
identical with my Pulex witherbyi, described in Ent. Mon. Mag. (2). xiv.
p. 86 (1903).
s
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE.
Vol. X. (InpEx Number). No, 4.
NOTE ON DENDRODORCOPSIS WOODWARDI.
RY THE HON. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Ps.D.
HEN I published (anted, p. 414) a preliminary description of the above very
distinct Kangaroo I stated that the cranial characters were identical with
Macropus. Mr. Oldfield Thomas, when writing a paper on the collections made by
Mr. Tunny on the Alligator River, has pointed out to me that my new genus cannot
stand, as even the external characters are more Macropine than I at first thought.
I therefore, as there is already a Macropus woodwardi, propose for this new species
the name of Macropus bernardus, instead of Dendrodorcopsis woodwardi.
——
NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES
DESCRIBED IN
VOLUMES I. TO X. OF NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAL.
A. VERTEBRATA.
I. MAMMALIA.
1, Acomys hunteri De Winton . c sie . vol. viii. (1901), p. 401 (footnote)
2, Acomys witherbyi De Winton : : : . 5) Vili. (1901), p. 400
3. Alouatta palliata coibensis Thomas ; ; . 4 ix. (1902), p. 135
4, Capra sibirica lydekkeri Rothsch. . . ’ | 5) vii. (1900), p. 277, pl. TI.
5. Carponycteris crassa Thomas . : : : 5) a (U89b) pales
6. Cercocebus chrysogaster Lydekker . a - . 4, vii, (1900), p. 279, pl. TIT.
7. Cercocebus hagenbecki Lydekker . _ vol. vii. (1900), p. 594; vol. viii., pl. ig frp
8. Cervicapra chanleri Rothsch. . : ; ; . vol, ii, (1895), p. 53
9, Chirogale melanotis Forsyth Major : - _ 4, i (1894), p. 25, pl. IT. fig. 10
10, Chiruromys pulcher Thomas . : ; : . gy ai. (1895), p. 164
11, Cobus penricei Rothsch. . : : ; : . yt (1895), /p. 52
12, Dama rothschildi Thomas ; : ; 3 . » ix. (1902), p. 136
13. Dasyprocta coibae Thomas. 5 : ; . 9 ax. (1902)))p. 136
14, Dendrolagus maximus Rothsch. , : ) ceeerval(1898)5 pale
15. Dendrodorcopsis woodwardi Rothsch. (vide suprt) . » ™* (1903), p. 414
16, Didelphis marsupialis battyi Thomas. : ED es, bis (902) pase
17. Dipodillus henleyi De Winton , : _ vol, x. (1903), p. 284, pl. VITL., fig. |
18, Dorcopsis? aurantiacus Rothseh. . ; - _ vol. vv. (1898), p. 513
38
‘
( 544 ) e
>
19. Doreopsis rufolateralis Rothsch. —. ; : . vol. v. (1898), p. 512 5
20. Eliomys lerotinus occidentalis Thomas . : » & =x. (1903) epN300
21. Emballonura meeki Thomas . 5 3 ; oy) fou, i896) sips 527
22. Gazella albonotata Rothsch. . 4 Paar x. (1903), p. 480
23. Gerbillus (Dipodillus) watersi De W aie . 59) Will. (1901),-p..399
24. Gerbillus riggenbachi Thomas é c : oe oh ot (L903) 5". SO
25. Lepus harterti Thomas . : ; : : Seb eal CL903) ype oOR
26. Lepus innesi De Winton ; 4 ; F . 3, 1x, (1902), p. 445
27. Lepus nigronuchalis Hartert . : ” : Seas: i. (1894), p. 40
28. Lepus rothschildi De Winton . ; : ; . 3, ix. (1902), p. 444
29. Macropus robustus woodwardi Thomas . : Se eavin (901) Spd b
30. Mallomys rothschildi Thomas . ‘ 5 ; Pe Gs ea paver (LOS) npr
31. Miniopterus fuscus Bonhote . : : : ea. 2k (1902) pode
32. Mus caroli Bonhote ; F : ‘ oe oy tx (1902)5%p, 626
33. Opolemur thomasi Forsyth Major : é ; 5 SOURED Ros RRS aE testis il
34. Pachyuromys dupresi natronensis De Winton. vol. x. (1903), p. 285, pl. VIIT., fig. 3
35. Papio lydekkeri Rothsch. Fi ; : 5 . vol, ix, (1902), p. 140 (footnote)
36. Perameles barrowensis Thomas s ; : - 37 Vili. (1901), p. 396
57. Petaurista nitidula Thomas . ; ; ; » » vi (1900); p. 592
38. Phalanger lullulae Thomas. 5 : : . a a (1896); p28
39, Phalanger melanotis Thomas . : : » v. (1898), p. 2
40. Phalanger orientalis intercastellanus Thomas ; SP aa (W895) phos,
41. Phalanger orientalis kiriwinae Thomas . : » >» ti, (1896), p. 528
42. Phalanger orientalis meeki Thomas : ‘ . 9, ve (1898), p. 434
43, Phalanger rothschildi Thomas é : : . Ye (1898), p. 433
44, Propithecus majori Rothsch. . : 5 ; ene 3s i, (1894), p. 666, pl. XTV.
45. Proteles cristatus harrisoni Rothsch. : 5 . 5, ix. (1902), p. 443
46. Proteles cristatus septentrionalis Rothsch. . . 5, ix, (1902), p. 443
47. Sciuropterus everetti Thomas . A eel SURE) eros 2
48, Sciurus bicolor bunguranensis Thomas & fae tert ake vip i, (1894), p. 659
49, Sciurus bicolor nanogigas Thomas & Hartert . a DIL Ob) pal )
50. Sciurus lowi natunensis Thomas. ; . 9, ii. (1895), p. 26 |
51. Semnocebus albigena johnstoni Tiydekees ; » Vii. (1900), p. 595
52, Semnocebus albigena rothschildi Lydekker vol, vii. “(1900), P. 595; vol. viii, pl. L., fig. 2 |
53, Semnopithecus natunae Thomas & Hartert . . vol, i. (1894), p. 652
54, Sminthopsis hirtipes Thomas . . : : 5 gn > We (1898); pe
55, Tragelaphus selousi Rothsch. . é © pe ¥..(1898)5p9206
56. Tupaia splendidula lucida Thomas & Pamtert). t;) (89D) fpao0
Il. AVES,
—
BIS Oe oo to
= jr
ros
—
to
. Acanthis cannabina meadewaldoi Hartert (= Acanthis cannabina nana Tsch. 1901)
vol. viii. (1901), p. 323
. Acanthopneuste floris Hartert : : . vol. v, (1898), p. 114
. Amblyornis flavifrons Rothsch, : nal ii, (1895), p. 480; vol. iii. pl. I. figs, 3 & 4
. Ammomanes saturatus Grant . c ° . vol. vii, (1900), p. 249
. Andropadus gracilirostris liberiensis Reisheriow & 5p MEGL895) spel'60
. Androphilus disturbans Hartert F : » 9) Vii, (1900), p. 238
. Androphilus everetti Hartert . . corn (1896)) paGe
. Anthreptes meeki [artert (= Oedistoma meeki vol. x., p. 436), vol, iii, (1896), p, 239
. Apus unicolor alexandri Hartert . j : . vol. viii, (1901), p. 328
. Arachnothera longirostris prillwitzi Hartert . + 5) evi (L901), p..51
. Artamus leucorhynchus parvirostris Hartert . +) Gy Vi, (1899), p. 424
. Astrapia splendidissima Rothsch, . ; : ~ Tesh O14 (L895) p: BY pl Ws
bo bo
S bo bt
oS
bo
io?)
ww oo co Oo to
Dreos
anak Pe PPR Pe ww wo ww
WDeEooOMAaAaTEHNH ODD
or or ot
om Co
on
aon
DAAAaAAS
an Fr wh
> Ol Re OF bo
“1S Ste
( 545 )
. Astur griseogularis obiensis Hartert
. Aulia tertia Hartert
. Automolus pallidigularis albidior acter!
. Basileuterus nigrivertex Salvin
. Bathilda ruficauda clarescens Hartert
. Bathmocercus murinus Reichenow .
. Bathmocerecus vulpinus Reichenow .
. Brachypteryx floris Hartert
. Buarremon baroni Salvin
2. Buarremon rufigenis Salvin
. Cacatua parvula occidentalis Il: ee
. Cacomantis addendus Hartert .
Cacomantis meeki Rothsch. & Hartert
. Calliste mexicana media Berlepsch & Hartert .
. Capito auritus intermedius Berlepsch & Hartert
. Capsiempis flaveola magnirostris Hartert
. Carpophaga sasakensis Hartert
. Carpophaga williami Hartert .
. Casuarius loriae Rothsch
. Casuarius philipi Rothsch.
. Cataponera turdoides Hartert .
Certhia familiaris japonica Hartert
. Certhidea olivacea ridgwayi Rothsch. & H: stort
. Cettia everetti Hartert
. Chaetura andrei Berlepsch & Har tet
8. Chalcostigma ruficeps aureofastigatum Hartert
. Chalybura intermedia Ernst & Cl. Hartert
. Chibia carbonaria dejecta Hartert .
. Chlorocharis squamiceps Hartert
2. Chloropsis viridis viriditectus Hartert
. Chlorura intermedia Hartert .
. Chrysococcyx rufomerus Hartert
. Cinnyris bittikoferi Hartert
. Cinnyris frenata dissentiens Hartert
. Cinnyris frenata meyeri Hartert
. Cinnyris frenata saleyerensis Hartert
. Cinnyris infrenata Hartert
. Clorostilbon caribaeus nanus Ber eee 5 Harte rt
. Columba albertisii exsul Hartert
. Columba oenops Salvin
. Columba subvinacea berlepschi Har “ni a
. Corvus corax canariensis Hartert & Kleinschmidt
. Corvus corax clarionensis Rothsch. & Hartert .
56.
. Coturniculus savannarum caribaeus Hartert
. Creciscus sharpei Rothsch. & Hartert
59:
60.
. Cryptolopha montis floris Hartert
. Culicicapa ceylonensis sejuncta Hartert . -
. Cyanerpes caerulea cherriei Berlepsch & Hartert .
. Cyanops rubescens Baker
. Cyclopsittacus virago Hartert. -
. Dendrocincla phaeochroa Berlepsch & Hartert,
Corvus corax hispanus Hartert & Kleinschmidt
Criniger lucasi Hartert .
Cryptolopha everetti waterstradti I: tent
(1903), p. ¢
ix, (1902), p.
ii, (1901), p. :
i. (1895), p. ¢
i, (1899), p.
i. (1895),
i. (1895), p.
iv. (1897), p.
i, (1895), p. 5
ii, (1895), p. 5
_ (1898), p.
ii, (1901),
. (1902), p.
ix, (1902), p.
ix, (1902), p.
. (1898), p
iii, (1896), p.
iii, (1896), p.
. (1898), p.
7. (1898), p.
iii, (1896), p.
. (1897), p.
i. (1899), p.
(1898), p.
ix, (1902), p
i, (1899), p.
i. (1894), p.
7. (1898), p.
iii, (1896), p
ix, (1902), p.
iii, (1896), p.
ii, (1900), p.
ili, (1896), p
iii, (1896), p
iv. (1897), p.
iv. (1897), p
. (1903), p
ix, (1902), p.
. (1903), p
ii, (1895), p
; fee p
ii, (1901), p
(1902), p.
ii. (1901), p.
. (1902), p.
i. (1899), p.
(1903), p.
(1903), ps §
iv. (1897), p.
iv. (1897), p. 5
. (1902), p. 16
i, (1896), p. 2
i, (1895), p.
. (1902), p.
427
p. 160
160
a0
Dy ipl ah tig.
5, pl. I., fig.
120
p. 185
586
1
°
a
( 546 )
67. Dendrocopus major anglicus Hartert —. vol. vii. (1900), p. 528
68. Dendrornis rostripallens sororia Berlepsch & Hi bastante » 1x. (1902), p. 63
69. Dicaeum geelvinkianum diversum Rothsch. & Hartert ,, x. (1903), p. 215
70. Dicaeum kihni Hartert . ‘ F : - everest eeSy(1903); pas
71. Dicaeum neglectum Hartert . c c . ) 9 pp eedveu( 189%) gy 264
72. Dicaeum sollicitans Hartert . : : F » 9) viii. (1901), p. 52
73. Dicrurus dohertyi Hartert . ‘ : : = 9. 1X,,(1902), p. 441
74. Dicrurus kiihni Hartert . ; 5 : . 5, Vili, (1901), p. 170
75. Dicrurus meeki Rothsch. & Hartert : : Sp (903) Ap LO
76. Dicrurus suluensis Hartert . : s é . 95 ix, (1902), p. 441
77. Dysithamnus tucuyensis Hartert . ; ; vol. i. (1894), p. 674, pl. XV. fig. 1
78. Eafa maculata Rothsch. & Hartert : “ vol, x. (1903) p. 448, pl. XIV. fig, 1
79. Eclectus pectoralis solomonensis Rothsch. & Hartert vol. viii. (1901), p. 82
89, Edoliisoma amboinense tagulanum Hartert . » 9, V. (1898), p. 524
81. Edoliisoma dohertyi Hartert . ; : 3 . 9) iii. (1896), p. 584
82. Edoliisoma emancipata Hartert 5) duis (896) ps iO
83, Edoliisoma erythropygium saturatius Bothee h. & Eiariene vol. ix. (1902), p. 582
84, Edoliisoma melas meeki Rothsch. & Hartert . . vol, x. (1903), p. 207
85. Edoliisoma melas tommasonis Rothsch. & Hartert . ,, x. (1903), p. 206
86, Edoliisoma meyeri sharpei Rothsch. & Hartert > 4,0 en (1908) 4p: 4209
87. Eos ktthni Rothsch, (= Eos bornea juv. vide vol. v. p. 509)
vol, v. (1898) p. 110, pl. XVIII. fig. 1
88. Eriocnemis berlepschi Hartert ‘ : : . vol. iv. (1897), p. 531
89. Eriocnemis derbyi longirostris Hartert . 5 » i. (1895)} ps 69
90. Eriocnemis evelinae Ernst & Cl. Hartert (= E. vestita ssnaragd ite oie cf. Hartert,
Tierreich 9,p.145) . : : C . vol. i. (1894), p. 59
91. Erithacus rubecula melophilus Hartert ‘ » Vili, (1901), p. 317
92. Erythrura trichroa papuana Hartert . : +), tin wili.((1900) sping
93. Erythrura trichroa woodfordi Hartert ; “gy 2 vHA(1900) sped
94, Eudynamis cyanocephala everetti Hartert . Da mtpe vin (1900) gpaol
95, Euphonia fulvicrissa purpurascens Hartert . + 4, vii, (1901), p. 370
96. Eupsychortyx mocquerysi Hartert . ‘ : vol. i. (1894), p. 675, pl. XV. fig. 2
97. Eurystomus neohanoveranus Hartert . : . vol. viii. (1901), p. 185 (footnote)
98, Eutoxeres baroni Ernst & Cl. Hartert <5 i, (1894), p. 54
99. Formicarius analis destructus Hartert » Vv. (1898), p. 493
100, Galerida cristata deltae Hartert . : . 5, Iv. (1897), p. 144
101. Galerida cristata superflua Hartert nom. noy. (for @. cristata pallida Whitaker,
Ibis, 1895, p. 100). ‘ . vol, iv. (1897), p. 144
102, Galerida ellioti Hartert nom. nov. aie G. pallida Elliot, Field Columbian Museum
Publications, 17 p. 38) : ; 4 . vol. iv. (1897), p. 144
103. Gecinus rodgeri Hartert & Badeee ; F » 9 ¥. (1898), p. 508
104. Geocichla dohertyi Hartert . 3 ; P vol. iii. (1896), p. 555, pl. IX., fig. 3
105, Geoffroyus arvensis cyanicarpus Hartert . . vol. vi. (1899), p. 81
106. Geospiza darwini Rothsch. & Hartert . : . vol. vi. (1899), p. 158
107. Geospiza dubia simillima Rothsch. & Hartert » Vi. (1899), p. 161
108. Geospiza fuliginosa minor Rothsch. & Hartert 2) aye evaei(899) fp el62
109. Geospiza scandens septentrionalis Rothsch. & Hartert ,, vi. (1899), p. 165
110, Geotrygon veraguensis cachaviensis Hartert. » v. (1898), p. 504
111. Gerygone everetti Hartert . ‘ 2 : oy ay) tv (E90) pp 267i
112. Gerygone kiihni Hartert See wae 900) piped:
113. Gerygone neglecta dohertyi Bathach: & Gime hae @ (>) een (1908); pasts
114. Gerygone rosseliana Hartert 5 eo! a a feemasele (L899) Sips a9
115. Gerygone rosseliana onerosa Hartert . . » Vi. (1899), p. 209
116, Goura cinerea Hartert (= Goura coronata aberr., P vol. viii. p. 134), vol. ii, p. 67
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
154.
155.
136,
137
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144,
145.
146.
147,
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153,
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163,
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
( 547 )
Gracupica tertia Hartert : : : ; . vol. iii, (1896), p. 547
Graucalus bungurensis Hartert . ; : sn (1894); p. 407
Graucalus floris alfredianus Hartert . F ee ay ve (L898); ps 458
Graucalus hypoleucus louisiadensis Hartert . - 4, v. (1898), p. 524
Graucalus sumatrensis difficilis Hartert ; Be pede (S95) ssp. 14:70
Habrura pectoralis brevipennis Berlepsch & Hartert ,, ix. (1902), p. 40
Haemophila laeta Salvin : : ‘ : Cy th (ELD) jones
Haemophila personata Salvin ‘ 6 © he ELSI); 0p: 8
Halcyon australasiae dammeriana H: Suter : 2) ee wale OO) ep ails
Halcyon sordidus colonus Hartert . : : - 5, iii, (1896), p. 244
. Heliangelus claudia Hartert . ; , ; - 59) ii, (1895), p. 484
Heliangelus dubius Hartert . : ; ; > Gn) AvRCLSON) pyos2
Heteropelma rosenbergi Hartert . : . 4, Vv. (1898), p. 489
Houbara fuertaventurae Rothsch. & H: ee a i. (1894), p. 689
Hypochaera wilsoni Hartert . ; » vii, (1901), p. 342
Hypocharmosyna meeki Rothsch, & Hz yd rol viii. i. (1901), p. 187; vol. ix., pl. VIT., fig. 3
Hylocharis ruficollis maxwelli Hartert . i Lae v. (1898), p. 519
Hylophilus thoracicus griseiventris Berlepsch & Hartert vol. ix. (1902), p. 11
Lophornis verreauxi klagesi Berlepsch & Hartert. x
Lophozosterops dohertyi Hartert .
Lophozosterops subcristatus Hartert
(1902), p. 558 (footnote)
Hypotaenidia owstoni Rothsch. . : : . vol. ii. (1895), p. 481
Hypothymis puella blasii Hartert . é é ee sva(l89s8) eps
. Iole holti binghami Hartert . fF s : 6 Alea:
Tole tickelli peracensis Hartert . ; ; . » V. (1898), p. 506
Iyngipicus grandis excelsior Hartert . : . 5) V. (1898), p. 461
Iyngipicus obsoletus ingens Hartert . ; . 9, Vii, (1900), p. 33
Kittacincla macrurus omissa Hartert . : 5 ey x90 2) py aie:
Lagonosticta senegala rendalli Hartert . : 3) By) ave CUBSS) ips az
Lanius algeriensis koenigi Hartert 5 ; . 5) viii, (1901), p. 309
Lathria unirufus castaneotinctus Hartert . 5 3, 1x2((1902)5 ps 610
Leptoptila decolor Salvin. : 5 Es is (L895) pn
Limnaétus limnaétus floris Finrbart : ‘ x AB v. (1898), p. 46
Lophoceros granti Hartert . ; » ii, (1895), p. 55
ix, (1902), p. 89
vol. iii, (1896), p. 568; vol. iv., pl.
vol. iv, (1897), p. 171
IL., fig. 1
vol. vii. (1900), p. 35
Loriculus aurantiifrons meeki Hartert . : 5 I (TBS5) prez,
Lorius lory major Rothsch, & Hartert . : . 5, Vili, (1901), p. 66
Macropteryx comata major Hartert . 5, Wi, (1895), p. 473
Macropteryx mystacea woodfordiana Hartert 275 Was (896) Nps 9
Macropygia doreya cunctata Hartert . : 5 en vi (1899) peed:
Macropygia ruficeps orientalis Hartert . : . 5) ‘dit, (1896) p. 573
Malacopterum cinereum bungurense Hartert err i. (1894), p. 470
Manucodia ater altera Rothsch. & Hartert . 2) xe (1903) Fpr se
Melilestes fergussonis Hartert » iii, (1896), p. 237
Melittophagus sharpei Hartert (= M. cyanostictus vide Bull. B.O.C.)
Melopyrrha taylori Hartert . vol. iii. (1896), p. 257
Metallura smaragdinicollis septentrionalis Har tert Sy vin (L899) pe fe
Metallura theresiae Simon . F : ‘ 5) eis (1902) spas
Microeca addita Hartert » vii, (1900), p. 234
Microeca griseiceps occidentalis Rothsch, & Hi artert » x. (1903), p. 471
Microeca oscillans Hartert . : ; Pe aveseT)y prave
Microcerculus caurensis Berlepsch & Hlartert, . OF eaxi(902)}ipro
Micropus willsi Hartert j : : : . 9) _~*dii, (1896), p. 231
Miro dannefaerdi Rothsch. . : F : . yy der(1894); pe 688
( 548 ) :
. Mirafra africana athi Hartert . P 5 . vol. vii. (1900), p. 46 ; |
. Mirafra africana transvaalensis Hartert 5 - 4) Vil. (1900), p. 45
. Mirafra africana tropicalis Hartert » vil. (1900), p. 45
. Mitrephanes berlepschi Hartert . 2 : » » ix. (1902), p. 608
. Mixornis everetti Hartert . i537 9 894), ps 472
. Monachaleyon monachus intermedins Hlantert » iv. (1897), p. 163 °
. Monarcha brodiei floridana Hartert . ; + 5) ~Viii. (1901), p. 182
. Monarcha everetti Hartert . : : : oe eee Lun (LSB) wpewlias
. Monarcha kulambangrae Hartert . ; © 9, Vili. (1901), p. 183
. Motacilla boarula canariensis Hartert . » 49 vill. (1901), p. 322
. Munia subcastanea Hartert . A ‘ i + baa ivan (189), soya
$1. Muscicapa toruensis Hartert. 3 © SpeeL90D) psi
2. Muscicapula hyperythra pallidipectus Hartert ya een L903) Spade
. Myiagra nupta Hartert (= M. nitida Gould, ¢f. vol x., p. 466) vol. vy. (1898), p. 526.
84. Myiagra rufigula colonus Hartert . : : . vol, iv, (1897), p, 266
35, Myrmeciza swainsoni griseipectus Berlepsch & Hartert vol. ix. (1902), p. 76
6. Myrmotherula cerviniventris pallida Berlepsch & Hartert vol, ix. (1902), p. 74
. Myrmotherula cherriei Berlepsch & Hartert . . vol, ix, (1902), p. 72
88. Myrmotherula viduata Hartert 3 ; ~ ‘gv. (1898), p..492
. Myzomela batjanensis Hartert . yf oeees (1905) epapG
. Myzomela eichhorni Rothsch, & Hartert vol $ viii, (1901), p. 181; vol. ix., pl. VIL, fig. 1,2
. Myzomela nigrita louisiadensis Hartert ; . vol, v. (1898), p. 527
2. Myzomela simplex mortyana Hartert . ‘ 2 Win) eee (1903) p56
3. Nasiterna salvadorii Rothsch. & Hartert + 4) Vili. (1901), p. 80
. Nasiterna tristrami Rothsch. & Hartert ‘ > 65) 1 1x41(1902), p.589
. Neocrex uniformis Hartert . : é : » 99 vill. (1901), p. 369
5. Neopsittacus pullicauda Hartert . F
. Nesopelia galapagoensis exsul Rothsch. & Harta! » vi. (1899), p. 184
. Nucifraga caryocatactes japonica Hartert 5 wave (L890) Sp. ee
9, Onycognathus intermedius Hartert ; 37 e895) pao
» iii, (1896), p. 17
00. Oreotrochilus stolzmanni Salvin (= 0. NeGeieas Bone! ., of. Tierreich ix., p. 110)
221. Phyllergates cucullatus philippinus Hartert .
22. Phyllergates everetti Hartert
vol. ii. (1895), p. 17
. Oriolus broderipi oscillans Hartert ; : . vol, x, (1903), p. 32
. Orthnocichla everetti Hartert 4 5 ; &, Sapuive(L89) sp: 20
. Osmotreron everetti Rothsch. : : : sb | (1894) p40.
. Osmotreron wallacei pallidior Hartert . " +) gp alie(1896); palliZs
5. Pachycephala everetti Hartert . : oo S35 eet (896): wosa0)
. Pachycephala fortis trobriandi Biaxtaet, : ; 37 iii. (1896), p. 236 |
. Pachycephala johni Hartert . : pps (1903) epsel2 |
. Pachycephala melanura dammeriana Eiaepert syn evita (900); palit |
. Pachycephala moroka Rothsch. & Hartert . . ,, x, (1903), p, 106 |
. Pachycephala nudigula Hartert . 5 . vol, iv, (1897), p. 171, and pl. ITT, fig. 3 |
. Pachyrhamphus similis Salvin. 3 : . vol, ii, (1895), p. 13
212. Parus caeruleus degener Hartert . 7 : +) Vili. (1901), p. 309
. Passer hispaniolensis maltae Hartert : » ix. (1902), p. 332
. Pelargopsis melanorhyncha eutreptorhyncha H: event » v. (1898), p. 128
. Phacelodomus dorsalis Salvin ‘ : oe wef ee 89D) pid:
. Phaethornis berlepschi Ernst & Cl. Hartert : sf isan ein (L894) tno
. Philemon novaeguineae subtuberosus Hartert . 5) iii, (1896), p. 238
. Philentoma dubium Hartert . : No ete (L894), pA 0e
. Phoenicophaes calorhynchus rufiloris Hartert «pes 2 (1908) up. 028:
. Phoenicophaes microrhinus Berlepsch . : ots 57 etn (1895) hp e7.0
» _ iv. (1897), p. 517
» iv, (1897), p. 517
( 549 )
. Picumnus stellae Berlepsch & Hartert . : . vol. ix. (1902), p. 96
. Pinarolestes megarhyncha despectus Rothsch. & Hartert vol. x. (1903), p. 100
25. Pinarolestes megarhyncha madaraszi Rothsch. & Hartert vol. x. (1903), p. 100
. Pipra mentalis minor Hartert .. 5 : . vol. v. (1898), p. 489
bo bo WD LO bo
27. Pisorhina alfredi Hartert
bo bo bo bo
iv)
Hm OF be Oo ©
bo bo bo bo bo
or Ol Sr Ot Str Gr Ot Ore HE HE EE RR to Go Oo Oo Oo WO Oo Oo WD OD WD
DO
bo bo b bo LO LS bo Ob tS bt PO
AAD Oem DR SO SO O =I
bo pp lS bo bt bh bd OW bo bo to
WSCONWrH OO OANAOOFE WW OO
Daa o or
St bo bo tf bw
iv. (1897), p. 527
. Pisorhina manadensis kalidupae Hee tere b so as (GIBKOE) as ea
. Pisorhina sulaensis Hartert . ; i ; » op wh (URES es aD
. Pitohui dohertyi Rothsch. & Hartert Se) aseexe (903) p95
. Pitohui meyeri Rothsch. & Hartert . . Sas) exe (L908) pdb
. Pitta irena virginalis Hartert . 4 Se tt (IES) ae tee
. Pitta mackloti aruensis Rothsch. & eer » gy wi (SON) p68
. Pitta concinna everetti Hartert
. Pittasoma rufopileatum Hartert . ‘ vol. viii. (1901), p. 370 ;
. Ploceus passerina infortunatus . : ; . vol.
. Pnoepyga everetti Rothsch. . ; : ; 6 =
. Polioptila berlepschi Hellmayr . : : ey ans
v. (1898), p. 459
ix, (1902), p. 577
iv. (1897), p. 168
viii, (1901), p. 356
. Polioptila buffoni innotata Hellmayr . F . 4) Vili, (1901), p. 359
. Polioptila nigriceps major Hellmayr . 3 - 3, vii. (1900), p. 538
. Pomarea ribbei Hartert 3 : : , . 3, ii, (1895), p. 485
. Poospiza alticola Salvin ‘ F ; . se tts (L895) "pail
. Poospiza rubecula Salvin. ; c . 5 on 0 (895).p..8
. Prioniturus mada Hartert vii, (1900), p. 230
38, Rhamphastos haemotatorhynchus Berlepsch & Hartert
. Prioniturus platurus talautensis Hartert : . 3 Y. (1898), p. 88
. Prionochilus inexpectatus Hartert : ; «57. Ue (1895); p. 64
. Psittacula xanthops Salvin . ; : : Sea 5y) 0 (L890) Spey ol:
. Pterocles exustus orientalis Hartert . : . » vii, (1900), p. 28
. Pterocles exustus somalicus Hartert . ene) va (1900) pa28
. Pterocles gutturalis saturatior Hartert . : . », vii, (1900), p. 29
. Pteruthius tahanensis Hartert . : > a 1x (1902) p. bm
. Ptilinopus albocinctus baliensis ieeetert : Sy ae (UBER) toa
. Ptilinopus chrysorrhous pelingensis Hartert . . » v. (1898), p. 135
. Ptilinopus gestroi kaporensis Rothsch. & Hartert. ,, viii. (1901), p. 105
_ Ptilinopus melanocephala aurescentior Hartert . ,, x. (1903), p. 33
. Ptilopus lewisii vicinus Hartert . é Fy e899) ps oz
. Ptilotis aruensis sharpei Rothsch. & H¢ artext, 5 ee (GUE) yi, ee
. Ptilotis chrysotis madaraszi Rothsch. & Hartert . ,, x. (1903), p. 446
_ Ptilotis chrysotis saturatior Rothsch. & Hartert . ,, x. (1903), p. 449
. Ptilotis praecipua Hartert . : ; : . 5, Iv, (1897). p. 370
. Ptilotis salvadorii Hartert . i 5 ; Ben tui (LE96) poo
. Ptilotis visi Hartert . , : 5 : 2 as au. (1696) spa lo
. Pycnonotus prillwitzi Hartert . » ix, (1902), p. 561
. Pyrocephalus rubinus saturatus Berlepecs & Hartert » ix, (1902), p. 34
. Rallina tricolor victa Hartert ; : : . > Vili, (1901), p. 175
. Reinwardtoena reinwardtsi albida Hartert . . 4) Vii. (1900), p. 240
. Reinwardtoenas reinwardti griseotincta Hartert . ,, _ iii, (1896), p. 18
vol. ix. (1902), p. 99
39. Rhamphocoelus dunstalli Rothsch. : . . vol, ii, (1895), p. 481
. Rhectes ferrugineus brevipennis Hartert . . 4) i, (1896), p. 534
. Rhinomyias colonus Hartert . 3 ; = va (legs) nipeon
2. Rhinomyias pectoralis baliensis Har tert : meme
. Bhipidura albina Hartert . ‘ : oeaery
4, Rhipidura celebensis sumbensis Hartert : Gs
. Rhipidura louisiadensis Hartert . : : nt
. Rhipidura saipanensis Hartert . ; : cr aaah
viii, (1901), p. 183
iii, (1896), p. 585
vi. (1899), p. 78
v. (1898), p. 54
)
iii, (1896), p. 549
)yT
)
yo). ix. pl. VII.
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bo bo
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D
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OMNIA OF WwW S
300.
. Sitta frontalis saturatior Hartert .
. Siva strigula malayana Hartert
. Spathura underwoodi bricenoi Hartert .
. Speotyto cunicularia becki Rothsch, & Hartert .
. Spilornis salvadorii Berl. . : : Hg) eHER(ESOD) ny,
( 550 )
. Rhynchocyclus megacephala flavotectus Hartert . vol. ix. (1902), p.
. Salvadorina waigiuensis Rothsch. .
sy eax. (1902) 8p
» ix. (1902), p
3 Wi. (1899) ip.
»» ix. (1902), p
. Uratelornis chimaera Rothsch. . ; 6 vol, ii. (1895), p. 479;
608
vol. i. (1894), p. 683; vol. ii., pl. IIT.
. Sapayoa aenigma Hartert . ; : : . vol. x. (1903), p. 117
Sasia abnormis magnirostris . c oo SP vai! (1901), p- 51
. Saucerottea erythronotos caurensis Beslepeat & Hartert vol. ix. (1902), p. 84
. Sclerurus mexicanus obscurior Hartert . : . vol. viii. (1901), p. 370
. Scytalopus unicolor Galvin . : : : 5 (SOD) Spal
. Sericornis pusilla Rothsch. & Hartert . : - ¥y a(L903) p28
. Serpophaga orenocensis Berlepsch & Hartert > jp (1902) ypet0
. Siphia bonthaina Hartert . é p 3 . 5) ~~. (1896); p. Lor
. Siphia djampeana Hartert . : ; : = 53 Ut (1896) pr are
. Siphia kalaoensis Hartert : : ~ yy at (S96) ssp. 272
. Siphia omissa Hartert . : : 5 : ~ 93 tH. (1896) perl
. Siptornis baroni Salvin . : ; : a gy in (BSD) pale
. Siptornis hypochondriacus Salvin . : + 5, di, (1895), p. 14
. Siptornis marayniocensis Salvin . Salis . 5, wi, (1895), p. 14
. Sitta europaea britannica Hartert ; - 5)__ Vii. (1900), p. 526
73
. Spilospizias trinotatus haesitandus Har toe : », iii, (1896), p. 162
Stachyris natunensis Hartert mn i, (1894), p. 470
. Stasiasticus montis Hartert . ie es » 3 it. (1896);p. 540
. Strix cayeli Hartert . é of es » 4, vii. (1900), p. 228
. Strix flammea contempta Biartert . : y - 3, V. (1898), p. 500
_ Strix flammea schmitzi Hartert . a : ". 4, vii. (1900), p. 534
_ Suya waterstradti Hartert 5 » _ ix, (1902), p. 568
. Syma torotoro meeki Rothsch. & Elartart . 5, Viti, (1901), p. 147
. Syma torotoro tentelare)Hartert . : : » 4, iii. (1896), p. 534
. Syma torotoro ochracea Rothsch. & Hartert . . 5, Vili, (1901), p. 148
. Synoicus raalteni pallidior Hartert j : o> lve (18ST) pee ml
. Taeniotriccus andrei Berlepsch & Hartert . » ix. (1902), p. 38
. Tanygnathus megalorhynchos viridipennis Hartert » x. (1908), p. 22
. Thalurania balzani Simon . . 53 ii. (1896), p. 259
. Thalurania furcata fissilis Berlepech & Hartert Ses © es (ILD) Ate
. Thamnophilus doliatus fraterculus Berlepsch & Hartert vol. ix. (1902), p. 70
. Thripophaga cherriei Berlepsch & Hartert . vol. ix, (1902), p. 60, pl. XII. fig. 2
. Thryothorus griseipectus caurensis Berlepsch & Hartert vol. ix. ae . 7
. Tiga javanensis exsul Hartert . . . vol, viii. (1901), p.
. Todopsis cyanocephalus dohertyi Rothéch, & Hartert vol. x. (1903), p. + ih
. Trichoglossus forsteni djampeanus Hartert . . vol, iv. (1897), p. 172
. Trichoglossus haematodus fortis Hartert 5 si ve (UGOS) pipe lau,
. Trichoglossus haematodus intermedius Rothsch. & Hartert vol. viii. (1901), p. 70
. Troglodytes musculus clarus Berlepsch & Hartert. vol. ix. (1902), p. 8
. Turdinulus humei Hartert . ‘ . > 1x, (1902), p. 564
. Turdus ignobilis goodfellowi Hetkanyoe 5 » 9y__-Viii, (1901), p. 492
. Turdus merula cabrerae Hartert . ; é » 5) _ Vili. (1901), p. 313
. Turdus merula mauritanicus Hartert . ; a a 2X (L002) pone
. Turdus obsoletus Hellmayr : . . 5, Vili, (1901), p. 492
. Turnix everetti Hartert : ; 5 : » , v. (1898), p. 476
. Turtur turtur arenicola Hartert . . é » 1, (1894), p. 42
vol, iii., pl. IT.
=
( 551 )
331. Veniliornis orenocensis Berlepsch & Hartert . . vol. ix, (1902), p. 93
332. Xanthornus icterus ridgwayi Hartert . ; > » 2x, (1902), p. 299
333. Xenocichla harterti Reichenow . es eat (1895)p: 60
334. Xiphocolaptes orenocensis Berlepsch & H: eee Ps xen (L902) 5 6D
335. Zosterops aignani Hartert . : : : . » vi. (1899), p. 210
336. Zosterops crassirostris Hartert . ‘ we voluive (189%). ps ia pl. IIL., fig. 2
337. Zosterops floridana Hartert . : : : . vol. viii, (1901), p. 180
338. Zosterops flavissima Hartert . ! : ees (L903) spr 29
339. Zosterops kulambangrae Hartert . ‘ ; . 5) viii. (1901), p. 180
340. Zosterops meeki Hartert : ; ‘ eae ¥ (1898), p . 528
341. Zosterops obstinatus Hartert ’ F » 4, Vii, (1900), z 238
342. Zosterops semperi owstoni Hartert ; » vii. (1900),
343. Zosterops superciliaris Hartert . P fat iv. (1897), p. 172, ne “4 IIL, tig 1
344. Zosterops unica Hartert . : : ek ane (1897), p. 520
345. Zosterops westernensis vegeta Heart : aay aie (899) sp: 425:
III. REPTILIA AND AMPHIBIA.
1, Acanthodachylus scutellatus aureus Giinther. . vol. x. (1903), p. 298
2. Carphodactylus laevis Giinther .. » lv. (1897), p. 403, pl. XT.
3. Conolophus subcristatus pictus Rothach: & Hae tert (= Conolophus subcristatus fide
Snodgrass) : ; : 4 . vol. vi. (1899), p. 133 (footnote)
4. Diplopelma bunguranum Giinther ; ; : - 9 it (1895), p: 501
5. Egernia frerei Giinther . P 4 : 2 - 5) __ iv. (1897), p. 405
6. Hyla dayi Giinther : ; ‘ : . 5, lv. (1897), p. 406
7. Leptobrachium natunae Ginther : : ‘ » i. (1895), p. 501
8. Phyllurus lichenosus Giinther : : : vol, iv. (1897), p. 404, pl. XII, fig. B
9. Testudo becki Rothsch. . : ; ; ; vol. viii. (1901), p. 372
10, Testudo galapagoensis Giinther : 6 soy) ere (1902)" pp: Wee
11. Testudo porteri Rothsch. : : : 5 Pay L903) spe lad)
12, Testudo wallacei Rothsch. : a 2x (11902) pr 69,
13. Uroplates fimbriatus lichenius Rothsch, é Bes ee Xa CL 903) ptoO
14. Xenorhina atra Giinther : : : : Speedin (1896) ip lS
IV. PISCES.
1. Barbus harterti Giinther . : : : : . vol. viii, (1901), p. 367
2. Barbus riggenbachi Giinther . : : ; > 47 2x. (1902) p, 447
3. Barbus rothschildi Giinther . : ‘ : . 4) Vili, (1901), p. 368
4. Pterooapoéta maroccana Giinther . é - » 9, ix, (1902), p. 446
Abaraeus, 185, 186.
aberrans (Acridoschema), 179.
abingdoni (Testudo), 119.
Abraxas, 264, 269.
Abrornis, 475,
abrupta (Gonophaga), 408, 409.
abyssinica (Antanartia), 508, 510.
— (Euphaedra), 538.
— (Eurytela), 525.
— (Pyrameis), 508, 510.
— (Vanessa), 510.
abyssinicus (Charaxes), 541.
Acanthochoera, 440.
Acanthodactylus, 298, 299.
Acanthopneuste, 9, 10.
Accipiter, 3, 21, 45, 233.
Accipitres, 232.
acetabulosus (Nyctinomus), 323.
achaemenes (Charaxes), 541, 542.
acheloia (Byblia), 528.
— (Hypanis), 528.
Achivus, 326.
Acidalia, 507.
acis (Tanysiptera), 48, 49.
acme (Leptoeme), 135.
Acmocera, 155, 178, 179, 180, 195.
Acorynus, 420—423.
Acraea, 493.
Acridocephala, 151, 152, 153, 164.
Acridocera, 180.
Acridoschema, 178, 179, 180, 195.
acrita (Acraea), 493,
Acrocephalus, 14, 30, 57, 58, 251.
Acrortha, 263.
Actenochroma, 349, 350, 351.
actia (Precis), 516, 517.
acutangula (Pingasa), 352.
acutipennis (Brixia), 257.
ada (Mydrothauma), 483.
Adeta, 377, 378.
admirabilis (Prorocorys), 267.
adolphinae (Myzomela), 219.
Aéden, 295.
aédon (Xylotrechus), 193.
aegeus (Papilio), 499.
Aegialites, 62, 296.
Aegotheles, 50, 51, 200—202.
aeneus (Saphanidus), 131.
aenigma (Sapayoa), 117.
( 552 )
INDEX.
Aeschrostoma, 372.
aethiopa (Papilio), 521.
aethiopica (Atella), 505.
aethiops (Amauris), 503.
— (Papilio), 521.
— (Poecilodryas), 468.
— (Pratincola), 468.
— (Salamis), 521, 522, 523, 524.
Aethomyias, 475.
affinis (Aegotheles), 201.
— (Alcyone), 48.
— (Basitropis), 432, 434.
— (Chariesthes), 173.
— (Criniger), 13.
— (Melilestes), 438.
— (Myiolestes), 101.
— (Pinarolestes), 101.
— (Tangynathus), 23.
africanus (Polyrrhaphis), 187.
afrum (Callichroma), 193.
agatha (Neptis), 536.
— (Nymphalis), 536.
— (Papilio), 536.
— (Phaleratus), 536.
Agathia, 353, 354.
aglatonice (Protogoniomorpha), 523.
— (Salamis), 521.
— (Vanessa), 522.
agraphis (Mycalesis), 43.
aignani (Zosterops), 453,
Ailuroedus, 65, 66, 67.
ajax (Cinclosoma), 229.
— (Eupetes), 229.
alabastraria (Epiplema), 259.
Alaemon, 296, 297.
alaudipes (Alaemon), 296, 297.
alba (Cacatua), 4.
— (Herodias), 253.
alberti (Pteridophora), 65, 73.
— (Ptilorhis), 74, 89.
albertisi (Drepanornis), 65, 74, 75, 89.
albertisii (Aegotheles), 202.
— (Columba), 60, 61.
— (Gymnophaps), 60, 61.
albescens (Blepharoctenucha), 389.
— (Myotis), 321.
— (Paradisea), 81.
albibasalis (Tolmera), 404.
albicapilla (Macropygia), 35.
albicollis (Pica), 31.
— (Streptocitta), 19, 31.
albida (Myrioblephara), 392.
— (Plectoneura), 385.
albidata (Myrioblephara), 392.
albifacies (Poecilodryas), 469.
albiferalis (Brixia), 257.
albifimbria (Anisogamia), 262.
albifrons (Machaerirhynchus), 476.
albifusaria (Actenochroma), 349.
— (Boarmia), 349.
— (Hypochroma), 351.
— (Pseudoterpna), 349.
albigrisea (Paradromulia), 396.
albigula (Myzomela), 224.
albigularis (Astur), 233.
— (Carpophaga), 61.
— (Columba), 16.
— (Janthaenas), 61.
albimaculata (Amauris), 493, 504, 505.
— (Paradromulia), 396.
— (Scotopterix), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
albimedia (Xylopteryx), 275.
albinotata (Casbia), 401.
albinus (Danaida), 502.
— (Danais), 502.
albipuncta (Gonophaga), 409.
albipunctata (Myrioblephara), 395.
albisigillata (Capnodes), 123.
albisparsa (Zygoctenia), 401.
albiventer (Zosterops), 452.
albiventris (Astur), 233.
— (Pisorhina), 21, 22.
— (Urospizias), 233.
albonotata (Gazella), 480.
— (Ptilotis), 442, 443.
— (Tridrepana), 346.
albonotatus (Megalestes), 467.
alboscapulatus (Malurus), 478.
albus (Cacatua), 4, 45.
— (Psittacus), 4.
Alcedo, 6, 25, 48, 50.
Alcippe, 227.
alcippus (Danaida), 501.
— (Papilio), 501.
Alcis, 388, 389.
Aleyone, 6, 48.
alexandrinus (Aegialitis), 296.
aliena (Prosopocena), 159,
Alloeme, 138.
Allogaster, 132, 134.
Allophyton, 138.
Alouatta, 39.
Alphitopola, 160, 161, 162.
altera (Manucodia), 84, 85.
alternans (Avitta), 124.
alternata (Arycanda), 385.
aluensis (Xenocerus), 429.
amabilis (Loriculus), 46,
( 553 )
amabilis (Mecocerina), 427.
— (Tragiscoschema), 172.
amakosa (Anthora), 335.
Amalocichla, 226.
Amauris, 493, 494, 496, 497, 503—505.
Amaurornis, 37, 62.
amazoula (Asterope), 532, 534.
— (Crenis), 532.
amazula (Crenis), 532.
ambigua (Paradromulia), 395, 398.
ambiguus (Lasiopezus), 155.
Amblyornis, 65, 69, 71, 89.
amboinensis (Campephaga), 245.
— (Columba), 35.
— (Edoliisoma), 208, 209, 245.
— (Macropygia), 16, 35, 61.
amoena (Sternotomis), 165.
amoenus (Dipodillus), 284.
amulia (Asterope), 528, 533, 534.
— (Crenis), 534.
— (Gemmatus), 534.
— (Nympbhalis), 534.
— (Papilio), 534.
amurensis (Butorides), 253.
anacardii (Danaus), 522, 523.
— (Papilio), 523.
— (Salamis), 497, 521—524.
anaethetus (Sterna), 17.
anais (Gracula), 113.
— (Melanopyrrhus), 112, 113.
— (Sericulus), 112, 113.
analoga (Ptilotis), 441, 442, 443.
analogus (Pitohui), 94,
— (Rectes), 94.
Anapalta, 373.
Anas, 64, 254.
Anatragus, 172.
Anaulodes, 128.
ancora (Clytanthus), 144.
Ancylonotus, 155, 157.
andersoni (Gerbillus), 28+.
angolense (Callidium), 140.
angulata (Eurytela), 526.
angulifera (Pingasa), 352, 353.
angulifer (Xylotrechus), 143.
angulosa (Mycalesis), 493.
angustata (Eurytela), 525.
Aniserpetes, 378.
Anisocolpia, 382.
Anisogamia, 262, 354, 355, 360.
Anisogaster, 134.
Anisographe, 409.
anna (Litocerus), 424.
annabellae (Myzomela), 219.
annulifer (Xenocerus), 430.
annulipes (Paroeme), 134.
— (Rawasia), 129. °
anomala (Paradromulia), 395.
anomalus (Plegapteryx), 278.
Anoplostetha, 159.
Anosiodes, 412.
ansellica (Huxanthe), 340.
— (Godartia), 340.
ansorgeata (Pareclipsis), 278.
ansorgei (Asterope), 534.
— (Calletaera), 275.
— (Euxanthe), 333, 341, 342.
— (Papilio), 489, 490.
Antanartia, 508—511.
Antarchia, 407.
antennalis (Ceresida), 138.
antennata (Chariesthes), 173.
Antennica, 138.
Antheraea, 311.
anthodes (Asthena), 266.
Anthora, 332, 335, 338, 340.
Anthreptes, 436.
anthriboides (Acmocera), 178, 179, 195.
Anthus, 31, 58, 225.
anthus (Canis), 300.
Anticlea, 375.
antilope (Precis), 497, 498, 500, 515, 516.
— (Salamis), 515.
antinorii (Papilio), 488, 494.
anulifera (Perixera), 369.
anvatara (Byblia), 527, 528.
— (Hypanis), 527.
Anybostetha, 158, 162.
aparus (Bixadus), 152.
Apatenia, 417—419.
apaturoides (Pseudacraea), 537.
apicalis (Acorynus), 423.
— (Acridoschema), 178, 179.
— (Graciella), 174.
— (Hapheniastus), 174.
— (Syndere), 140.
Apiogaster, 140, 141, 145.
Aplochlora, 268, 383.
apoda (Paradisea), 80.
Appias, 493.
Apus, 296.
apus apus (Apus), 296,
Aquila, 44.
aquilus (Fregata), 254.
Araschnia, 499.
archesia (Precis), 498, 520.
arciferus (Derolus), 136.
arctitorquis (Pachycephala), 248.
Arctoscelia, 404,
arcuata (Glenea), 190.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
Ardea, 38, 63, 64, 252, 253.
ardens (Xanthomelus), 89.
Ardetta, 63, 64, 253.
Ardonis, 381.
arfaki (Oreocharis), 479.
— (Parus), 479.
arfakiana (Sericornis), 228.
arfakianus (Ailuroedus), 67.
argentauris (Ptilotis), 440.
( 554 )
argentauris (Stigmatops), 440.
argus (Eurostopodus), 202.
Argynnis, 492, 507, 508.
argyrius (Argynnis), 507.
Argyrolepidia, 315, 487.
ariel (Fregata), 64, 254.
armata (Basitropis), 431.
armiti (Heteromyias), 467.
— (Poecilodryas), 467.
aroensis (Anisocolpia), 382.
Arses, 460—462.
Artamus, 27, 54, 112, 246.
artaxia (Precis), 519.
Artibeus, 40.
aruensis (Arses), 461, 462.
— (Edoliisoma), 209.
— (Monarcha), 459.
— (Myiolestes), 100.
— (Notophoyx), 253.
— (Pinarolestes), 100.
— (Pitohui), 94.
— (Ptilotis), 442.
— (Rectes), 94.
— (Tropidorhynchus), 449.
aruna (Argynnis), 508.
arundinacea (Imperata), 19.
Arycanda, 373, 385—387.
aspasia (Chalcostetha), 211.
— (Cinnyris), 211, 212, 250, 251.
aspasioides (Cinnyris), 250.
— (Nectarinia), 250.
assimilis (Cacomantis), 5, 239.
— (Dicrurus), 110.
— (Milionia), 485.
— (Rhipidura), 242.
Asterope, 528—535.
asterope (Ipthima), 497.
Asthena, 266.
Astrapia, 65, 72, 76.
astrapioides (Falcinellus), 65, 75, 89.
Astur, 3, 19, 20, 21, 44, 233, 247.
atalanta (Pyrameis), 510, 511.
Atella, 497, 505—507.
ater (Manucodia), 84, 85.
Aterica, 537.
Athene, 4, 45.
atra (Myiagra), 466.
— (Bhipidura), 465.
atrata (Pratincola), 468.
atratus (Xenocerus), 429.
atriceps (Melipotes), 439.
— (Zosterops), 57.
atricollis (Acridoschema), 178, 179.
atripunctalis (Brixia), 256.
atrocaeruleus (Dicrurus), 54.
atrovirens (Campephaga), 210.
— (Lalage), 210.
augustaevictoriae (Paradisea), 81, 89.
Aulodes, 128.
Aulodina, 128.
as
aurantiacus (Monarcha), 459.
aurea (Argyrolepidia), 315, 487.
— (Pachycephala), 102.
— (Xantbhomelus), 69, 89.
aureigula (Zosterops), 452.
aurescentior (Ptilinopus), 33, 34.
aureus (Acanthodactylus), 298, 299.
— (Ceblepyris); 11, 54.
— (Lalage), 11, 54.
auriceps (Cinnyris), 12, 55, 251.
— (Nectarinia), 12, 55.
auricruda (Ptychopoda), 372.
auricularis (Rhipidura), 465.
aurifera (Anapalta), 373.
aurigutta (Monochamus), 149.
aurora (Chrysolene), 366.
aurorina (Precis), 500, 517, 518
australis (Burystomus), 7, 50, 196, 197, 240.
— (Mallonia), 182.
Auzea, 258.
Avitta, 124.
axillaris (Graucalus), 206.
o= (Monarcha), 458.
aztecus (Potos), 40.
azurea (Alcyone), 48.
azureus (Burystomus), 50.
pbaia (Glenea); 190.
Bangalaia, 4162—164.
pangueyensis (Ptilinopus), 33.
Bapta, 120.
Baraeus, 185.
Barita, 93.
basalis (Monochamus), 145.
pasilanus (Xenocerus), 428,
Basileornis, 32.
basilica (Carpophaga), 15, 16, 60.
— pasilica (Ducula), 15, 60.
pasispilus (Clytanthus), 144.
Basitropis, 431—434.
patantae (Arses), 460, 461.
pbatchianensis (Macropygia), 16, 61.
batesi (Melirrhophetes), 439, 440.
Bathmisyrma, 460.
pbatjanensis (Myzomela), 56, 218.
Batrachostomus, 50.
battyi (Didelphis), 42.
Baza, 2, 19, 21, 44, 233.
beccaril (Drymoedus), 229.
_ (Sericornis), 227. -
pbecki (Testudo), 119.
belfordi (Melirrhophetes), 440.
Belodera, 182.
bengalensis (Alcedo), 25.
— (Centropus), 24.
benguelae (Asterope), 534.
benitensis (Litocerus), 130.
bennetti (Aegotheles), 200, 201.
— (Dendrolagus), 4l4,
( 555 )
pbensbachi (J anthothorax), 65, 89.
berenice (Danaida), 502.
bergil (Sterna), 17, 64.
pberlepschi (Parotia), 71.
bernsteini (Immetalia), 486, 487.
a (Monarcha), 52.
bertolonii (Tragiscoschema), 172.
Bettongia, 319.
picallosus (Sintor), 416.
picinctus (Lygrus), 139.
bicolor (Coendou), 42.
— (Columba), 35.
= (Epiplema), 260.
— (Melanocharis), 216.
— (Myristicivora), 35, 60.
— (Prosopocera), 159.
_ (Sternotomis), 159.
— (Syndere), 140.
Bifa, 301.
bifasciata (Acmocera), 179.
pifureata (Capasa), 408.
pilineata (Pterotosoma), 345, 346.
pilobatus (Artibeus), 40.
piloculare (Allophyton), 138.
bilopha (Otocorys), 295, 297.
bimaculata (Monarcha), 51, 52.
pimaculatus (Myiolestes), 468.
— (Poecilodryas), 468.
biplaga (Sintor), 416.
bipuncta (Brixia), 256.
bipunctata (Alphitopola), 160, 161.
bipunctatus (Cyrtomerus), 192.
— (Diaspila), 192.
birmanicus (Xenocerus), 429.
pispina (Paroeme), 134.
pistriata (Acridocephala), 153.
bivittata (Petroica), 467.
Bixadus, 152.
plainvillit (Burylaemus), 454.
— (Peltops), 454.
Blepharoctenucha, 389.
Boarmia, 275, 349.
boarula (Motacilla), 31, 58, 225, 252.
boiel (Myzomela), 56, 218, 219.
poisduyali (Asterope), 530, 531.
— (Crenis), 530, 531.
ponapartil (Todopsis), 477.
ponariensis (Molossus), 325.
poneratensis (Oriolus), 32.
Bordeta, 269, 486.
borealis (Phyllopneuste), 251.
— (Phylloscopus), 14, 58, 251.
borussus (Monochamus), 146, 151.
boueti (Charaxes), 540.
boydi (Byblia), 527.
boyeri (Campephag®), 204,
— (Graucalus), 204.
Brachycola, 367, 368.
Brachyptery*, 926, 227.
prachyrhyncha (Rhipidura), 465,
brachyurus (Leucophantes), 469.
— (Poecilodryas), 469.
bracteata (Chibia), 109.
braesia (Acraea), 493.
brevicauda (Amalocichla), 226.
— (Drymoedus), 226.
brevipennis (Pitohui), 97.
— (Rhectes), 97.
brevipes (Heteractitis), 37.
— (Totanus), 37.
brevis (Basitropis), 434.
— (Phloeus), 157.
Brixia, 256, 257.
broderipi (Oriolus), 20, 32.
bromius (Papilio), 488, 489.
brontes (Papilio), 489.
brucei (Procavia), 314.
bruijni (Drepanornis), 75.
— (Pomareopsis), 93.
brunnea (Colluricincla), 99.
— (Myrioblephara), 395.
brunneata (Gonophaga), 408, 409.
brunneicauda (Pitohui), 96.
— (Zosterops), 249.
brunneiceps (Pitohui), 96.
— (Rectes), 96.
brunneipectus (Gerygone), 474.
— (Pseudogerygone), 474.
brunneiventris (Brachypteryx), 227.
brutus (Charaxes), 540.
bryophilaria (Tephroclystia), 274.
buccoides (Ailuroedus), 66, 67.
bumilleri (Amauris), 503.
Burgena, 487.
buruensis (Monarcha), 242.
— (Myiagra), 9.
— (Zosterops), 57.
Butorides, 17, 38, 63, 253.
Byblia, 526—528.
Cacatua, 4, 22, 45.
Cacomantis, 5, 23, 46, 239.
cacta (Nymphalis), 520.
— (Papilio), 520.
— (Salamis), 520.
caeruleogrisea (Campephaga), 203.
— (Graucalus), 203.
caerulescens (Hupetes), 229, 230,
caesia (Actenochroma), 350, 351.
caffer (Heligmomerus), 305,
— (Xylothrecus), 144,
Calamodes, 275.
Calanthemis, 142, 143.
caledonica (Ardea), 64, 252.
— (Myzomela), 218.
— (Nycticorax), 64, 252.
Calletaera, 275.
Calleulype, 264, :
callichlora (Myrioblephara), 391.
(5563)
Callichroma, 193.
Callidium, 139, 140,
callimus (Poimenesperus), 168, 169.
Calluga, 266.
Calocalpe, 265.
Caloenas, 16, 61, 247.
calonyx (Eurystomus), 197.
ealorhynchus (Phoenicophaus), 24.
Calornis, 14, 31, 58,59, 114, 115, 246.
Caluromys, 42.
camillus (Cyrestis), 535, 536
— (Marpesia), 535, 536.
— (Papilio), 535, 536.
caminae (Ceratopsylla), 323, 324.
Campephaga, 10, 11, 54, 203, 204, 206, 207—210,
245,
campestris (Motacilla), 296, 297.
Campochaera, 209,
camptogrammaria (Syntaracta), 384.
candida (Strix), 22.
candiope (Charaxes), 539.
— (Nymphalis), 539.
caniola (Pauresthes), 360.
Canis, 300, 314.
Canopus, 538.
cantoroides (Calornis), 115
canutus (Tringa), 297.
Capasa, 408.
capensis (Clytanthus), 144.
Capnodes, 123, 124.
caprata (Pratincola), 26, 468
capricornis (Acridoschema), 179.
Caprimulgus, 7, 202, 240.
carbonaria (Chibia), 109.
— (Tragocephala), 168.
carbonarius (Dicrurus), 109, 110.
cardinalis (Certhia), 217.
— (Myzomela), 217, 218.
cardui (Nymphalis), 510.
— (Papilio), 510.
— (Pyrameis), 510, 511.
carnecostata (Trochistis), 404.
carolae (Parotia), 65, 71.
Carpophaga, 15, 16, 19, 31, 34, 60, 61.
carunculata (Paradigilla), 70.
carye (Pyrameis), 511.
Casbia, 401, 402, 405.
cassicus (Cracticus), 92.
casta (Craspedosis), 387.
castanea (Hypanis), 528.
castaneiventris (Cacomantis), 239.
castanonotus (Eupetes), 229.
castor (Charaxes), 310, 541.
— (Papilio), 541.
castus (Monarcha), 242.
Catacroptera, 520,
catastreptes (Gullaca), 266.
— (Phrissogonus), 266.
catops (Leiopus), 188.
catori (Melanopolia), 152.
ntiaaph
( 587 )
Ceblepyris, 11, 54, 245.
celebensis (Hypotaenidia), 36.
— (Pyrrhocentor), 24.
celebicum (Dicaeum), 28.
celebraria (Craspedia), 272.
Celerena, 348, 349.
centralis (Proechimys), 41.
centrophylla (Iodis), 359.
Centropus, 6, 24, 47, 234.
Cerambycidae, 166.
Cerambycinae, 141.
ceramensis (Accipiter), 3.
Ceratopbyllus, 317, 319, 321—825.
Cerchneis, 234.
ceres (Euphaedra), 539.
Ceresida, 138,
Certhia, 217.
ceruana (Precis), 515.
cervinicauda (Drepanornis), 75.
cerviniventris (Chlamydera), 68.
— (Pitohui), 96.
— (Rectes), 96.
ceryne (Precis), 514, 515.
— (Salamis), 514.
ceylusalis (Labanda), 125.
Ceyx, 6, 48.
chaerila (Bangalaia), 163,
Chaetorhynchus, 110.
Chaleococcyx, 239, 240.
Chalcophaps, 16, 36, 61.
Chalcostetha, 211, 212.
chalybata (Manucodia), 85, 86.
chalybeocephala (Monarcha), 460.
chalybeocephalus (Monarcha), 8, 52, 457, 458.
— (Muscicapa). 8, 457.
chapunga (Precis), 520.
Charadrius, 37, 62.
Charaxes, 310, 326, 327, 329332, 493, 539—542.
charibula (Acraea), 493.
Chariesthes, 173, 174.
chazaliae (Geckonia), 298.
Cheloctonus, 303.
Chenorhamphus, 476.
chephrinis (Pulex), 314.
cherriei (Zygodontomys), 40.
Chibia, 109.
chionoplaca (Anisogamia), 354, 355.
chiriquensis (Sciurus), 40.
chiriquinus (Proechimys), 41.
Chlamydera, 65, 68, 69, 88, 89.
chloris (Criniger), 13, 57.
— (Halcyon), 6, 25, 50.
— (Zosterops), 249, 453,
chlorocephala (Chalcostetha), 212.
— (Cinnyris), 212, 250.
Chlorochroma, 355—357, 364.
Chloroclystis, 266, 378, 379, 381, 382.
chloromela (Labanda), 125.
chloropis (Thalassodes), 364.
chloroptera (Melanocharis), 216.
chloroptera (Myzomela), 56, 218.
Choaspes, 481, 482.
Cholaepus, 42.
chorimene (Precis), 519.
— (Vanessa), 519.
christinae (Cinnyris), 55, 212, 250.
chrysippus (Danaida), 501.
— (Danaus), 501.
— (Papilio), 501.
Chrysococeyx, 240.
Chrysochloroma, 262.
Chrysocraspeda, 365, 366.
chrysogaster (Gerygone), 472.
chrysolaema (Zosterops), 452.
Chrysolene, 366, 367.
chrysomela (Monarcha), 458, 459, 460.
— (Muscicapa), 458.
chrysomelas (Oryzomys), 49, 41.
— (Melanomys), 41.
chrysoptera (Diphyllodes), 78, 79.
chrysorrhoa (Iotreron), 33.
— (Ptilinopus), 33.
chrysorrhous (Ptilinopus), 34.
chrysotis (Philedon), 444.
— (Ptilotis), 444—446.
Cicinnurus, 65, 77, 78, 89.
Cidaria, 275.
Cinclosoma, 229.
cincta (Frea), 178.
— (Melanopolia), 151.
cinctus (Derolus), 136.
— (Oxyhammus), 150.
— (Xenocerus), 428.
cineracea (Myzomela), 224.
cinerascens (Muscicapa), 454.
— (Pachycephala), 54, 247, 248.
cinerea (Gerygone), 474.
— (Ptilotis), 444, 447.
cinereiceps (Gerygone), 473.
— (Pseudogerygone), 473.
cinereus (Plagionotulus), 145,
— (Poliolimnas), 62.
cinnamomea (Rhipidura), 465.
Cinnyris, 12, 20, 29, 55, 911—214, 217, 219, 222,
250, 251, 437.
circumscripta (Lamprotornis), 114.
Cirrhura, 343.
Cisticola, 30, 225.
cisticola (Cisticola), 30.
citreogaster (Pachycephala), 101.
citrinata (Epiphryne), 265.
clara (Alphitopola), 161.
clarus (Pitohui), 98.
— (Rhectes), 98.
clathratus (Mecocerus), 127.
clavicornis (Apatenia), 417.
clelia (Gemmatus), 511.
— (Nymphalis), 511.
— (Papilio), 511.
— (Precis), 511.
cleopatrae (Pulex), 312, 313.
Clerckia, 312, 482.
cloanthe (Catacroptera), 520.
— (Nymphalis), 520.
— (Papilio), 520.
— (Phaleratus), 520.
Clostrocera, 141, 145.
Clytanthus, 141, 144, 145.
Clytus, 141, 142, 143.
Cnemolia, 154.
Cnemophilus, 70.
coccinea (Myzomela), 222.
coccineifrons (Cicinnurus), 77, 78.
coelestina (Precis), 519,
coelestis (Mecotropis), 415,
Coelopeltis, 299.
Coendou, 39, 41, 42.
Coenocalpe, 372.
coerulea (Anisogamia), 354.
— (Pyrrhaspis), 362.
coibensis (Alouatta), 39.
collare (Apiogaster), 140.
collaris (Oeax), 156.
Collocalia, 7, 51, 202, 203, 240, 241.
Colluricincla, 54, 99, 100, 101, 108.
Coloburis, 13, 57.
Columba, 15, 16, 33—35, 61.
columbina (Atella), 497, 506, 507.
— (Nymphalis), 506.
— (Papilio), 506.
— (Phaleratus), 506.
cometifera (Cirrhura), 343.
commutata (Monarcha), 26.
comorana (Pseudacraea), 537.
comoranus (Charaxes), 310.
comosa (Prostenodes), 371.
compacta (Graciella), 174.
complicata (Paradromulia), 396.
compressa (Acmocera), 179,
compta (Bangalaia), 163,
comrii (Manucodia), 86.
concinna (Carpophaga), 19, 34.
concordia (Crenidomimas), 528.
concussa (Arycanda), 386.
condensata (Perixera), 367, 368,
confusa (Myrioblephara), 391, 394.
congoanus (Papilio), 489.
Coniesthes, 176.
coniger (Charaxes), 331.
conjunctiva (Agathia), 353.
conjunctus (Xenocerus), 429.
conradti (Calanthemis), 143.
— (Pedoclytus), 142.
consobrina (Gullaca), 266.
— (Phrissogonus), 266.
consors (Asterope), 532, 533, 534.
conspicillata (Gerygone), 473, 474.
— (Microeca), 473.
continuata (Abraxas), 269.
contractifrons (Clytus), 145.
( 558 )
conyexa (Acridoschema), 179.
— (Melanopolia), 151.
convexum (Uroderma), 40.
convexus (Artibeus), 40.
cora (Byblia), 527.
— (Hypanis), 526, 527, 528.
Coracias, 25.
cordiger (Acorynus), 423.
Cordylomera, 138.
corinna (Cinnyris), 212, 250.
— (Hermotimia), 212.
cornelia (Cinnyris), 212, 250.
— (Hermotimia), 212. ;
cornix (Graucalus), 96, 204.
coromanda (Halcyon), 25.
coronata (Ifrita), 226,
— (Sternotomis), 165, 166.
correspondens (Eugnesia), 384.
corticina (Brixia), 257.
Corvus, 10, 14, 32, 59, 89—91, 204, 205, 244.
costipicta (Iodis), 358.
Cotingidae, 117, 118.
Cracticus, 92, 93, 245.
crameri (Byblia), 528.
Crasilogia, 374.
Craspedia, 264, 272.
craspediata (Problepsis), 370.
Craspedosis, 387, 388.
crassa (Phryneta), 175.
crassicollis (Mecotropis), 415,
crassicornis (Tragocephala), 166.
crassirostris (Chalcococeyx), 239, 240.
— (Eurystomus), 197, 198.
— (Lamprococeyx), 239.
crassus (Meriones), 284.
Crateroscelis, 226, 227.
crebrene (Junonia), 512.
— (Precis), 512.
Crenidomimas, 528.
Crenis, 528—535.
cretacea (Prosopocera), 158.
cribellum (Monochamus), 149.
cribrosus (Monochamus), 149.
crinifrons (Aegotheles), 50, 51.
— (Batrachostomus), 50.
Criniger, 13, 57.
crissalis (Zosterops), 452.
cristata (Gymnoscelis), 377.
— (Pitohui), 98.
— (Rectes), 98.
crossleyi (Euxanthe), 333, 341, 342.
— (Godartia), 341.
cruentata (Myzomela), 222.
cruentus (Astur), 20.
Cryptolopha, 1, 9, 10, 43, 53, 473, 475.
cryptus (Litocerus), 424.
cuama (Precis), 479, 500, 515, 516.
Cubilia, 180, 181.
Cuculi, 234.
cucullatus (Macroprotodon), 299.
Cuculus, 5, 23, 46, 286—239.
Cuncuma, 2, 44.
cuneatus (Abaraeus), 185, 186.
cupreovirens (Callidium), 140.
curvinucha (Hypsideres), 177.
cyanicollis (Geoffroyus), 4, 46.
— (Psittacus), 4, 46.
cyanocephala (Eudynamis), 234—237.
eyanocephalus (Cuculus), 237.
— (Todopsis), 477.
— (Todus), 477.
cyanopsis (Poecilodryas), 470.
cyanus (Monticola), 251.
— (Myiolestes), 469.
— (Poecilodryas), 469, 470.
eylindricus (Gulamentus), 130.
cyclopis (Papilio), 489.
Cyclotaenia, 176, 177.
Cyclura, 347,
Cyrestis, 535, 536.
Cyrtomerus, 192.
daedalus (Canopus), 538.
— (Leucosticha), 538.
— (Papilio), 538.
dahli (Pachycephala), 101, 102.
Danaida, 501, 502.
Danais, 502.
Danaus, 501, 502, 522—524.
dardanus (Papilio), 488, 494.
daria (Charaxes), 542.
darius (Amauris), 503.
dasyurae (Stephanocircus), 319.
dea (Alcedo), 48.
— (Tanysiptera), 7, 48, 49, 50.
Decataphanes, 127.
Decetia, 258.
decipiens (Pitohui), 94, 95.
decius (Charaxes), 330, 331.
— (Nymphalis), 328, 330.
— (Palla), 326—332.
— (Papilio), 330.
— (Philognoma), 326, 328, 330.
decolor (Alcis), 388, 389.
decolorata (Hugnesia), 383, 384.
decora (Paradisea), 82.
decussata (Macrochia), 176.
definita (Salamis), 523, 524.
deichleri (Galerida), 296.
delicatula (Zosterops), 452.
deliciosa (Pyrrhorachis), 363.
delius (Antanartia), 510.
— (Nymphalis), 508.
— (Papilio), 508.
— (Phaleratus), 508.
Demiegretta, 38, 63, 253.
Dendrocygna, 64, 254.
Dendrodorcopsis, 414.
Dendrolagus, 414.
( 559 )
denigrata (Epiplema), 344.
Denticerus, 145.
denticulatus (Trachytus), 156.
dentirostris (Scenopoeetes), 68.
Derographium, 129.
derolius (Oxyhammus), 150.
Derolus, 135—137.
derufata (Sarcinodes), 121.
despectus (Pinarolestes), 100, 101.
deterrens (Clytanthus), 144.
diabolicum (Plectonarthron), 194.
diadematus (Monarcha), 7.
Diaspila, 192.
Dicaeum, 12, 20, 28, 55, 214, 216, 251.
dichrous (Monarcha), 458.
— (Pitohui), 94, 95.
Dicranostreptus, 110, 197.
Dicrourus, 109.
Dicruropsis, 11.
Dicrurus, 11, 28, 54, 109, 110, 246.
dicyrtus (Sintor), 415.
Didelphis, 42.
Didelphysazarae, 319.
dilatatus (Derolus), 135, 136.
diluta (Antanartia), 510.
— (Basitropis), 434.
dilutaria (Hypographa), 260.
dimidiatus (Clytanthus), 145.
dione (Hypanartia), 509.
diops (Alcedo), 50.
— (Halcyon), 6, 50.
Diphyllodes, 73—80.
Diplodesma, 263.
Dipodillus, 284, 301.
Dirades, 345.
Discoceps, 179, 180.
discodes (Hapheniastus), 175.
discolor (Colluricinela), 108.
— (Pachycephala), 108.
discus (Cyclotaenia), 176.
dispar (Basitropis), 434.
— (Crasilogia) 374,
— (Edoliisoma), 244.
disparalis (Brixia), 256.
dissimilis (Anisographe), 409.
.— (Pinarolestes), 100.
distigma (Monochamus), 147.
distinctus (Ceratopsylla), $25.
distorta (Milionia), 485
— (Zethes), 126.
diversa (Immetalia), 486, 487.
diversiformis (Agathia), 354.
diversum (Dicaeum), 215.
divisa (Eunidia), 186.
djampeana (Cacatua), 22.
dobraei (Poimenesperus), 169.
Docus, 183.
doddi (Xyleutes), 306, 483.
dodsoni (Dipodillus), 301.
dobertyi (Dicrurus) 11.
39
dohertyi (Gerygone), 473.
— (Pitohui), 94, 95.
— (Pitta), 32.
— (Prasinocyma), 271.
— (Todopsis), 477.
— (Xenocerus), 428.
dominicanus (Amauris), 46, 497, 503.
dominicus (Charadrius), 37.
donavani (Haplheniastus), 174,
Doratopteryx, 484.
doreas (Gazella), 302.
Dorcopsis, +14.
dorilusalis (Brixia), 257.
dorippoides (Hypolimnas), 524.
dorippus (Danaida), 501, 502.
— (Danais), 502.
— (Euploea), 501, 502.
dorothea (Mycalesis), 493.
dorsilinea (Thalassodes), 364.
dorsipunctata (‘Thalassodes), 364.
dougalli (Sterna), 17.
Drepanornis, 65, 74, 75, 8).
Drymoedus, 226, 229.
dryope (Eurytela), 526.
dubia (Appias), 493.
— (Cinnyris), 219.
— (Myzomela), 21).
— (Pachycephala), 106.
dubiosa (Milionia), 485.
dubius (Saphanidus), 152.
Ducula, 15, 60.
duivenbodei (Parotia), 65, 71, 72, 89.
— (Paryphephorus), 65, 89.
dulitana (Milionia), 485,
dumasi (Phyllergates), 44, 58.
dumetorum (Cacomantis), 5, 239.
dumontii (Mino), 113.
duperreyei (Megapodius), 36.
Dupetor, 38, 63, 64.
duplicifimbria (Striglina), 257.
duprei (Salamis), 522, 523, 524.
dupresi (Pachyuromys), 285.
Dysphania, 261, 262.
dysphanioides (Milionia), 485.
Dysschema, 349.
Bafa, 448.
eberti (Euphaedra), 539.
echeria (Amauris), 493, 494, 497, 504, 505.
Eclectus, 4, 46.
Edoliisoma, 11, 27, 54, 206—209, 244, 245.
edwardsi (Euproctis), 120.
egialea (Amauris), 497, 504.
eichhorni (Immetalia), 486.
— (Milionia), 486.
— (Myzomela), 220.
elegans (Graucalus), 205.
— (Marpesia), 535.
— (Obriaccum), 138,
( 560 )
elephantopus (Testudo), 119.
elgiva (Precis), 497, 518.
Eliomys, 300, 301. ;
ellioti (Tanysiptera), 48, 49.
— (Falcinellus), 65, 89.
elongata (Brixia), 257.
Elphos, 390.
eluta (Xyleutes), 308, 483.
emilii (Melidectes), 439.
emunctaria (Scotopterix), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
enca (Corvus), 32, 90.
— (Fregilus), 32.
Endemia, 357, 358.
Entomophila, 475.
Eopsaltria, 470.
Kos, 5, 46.
Ephialtes, 45.
ephippium (Testudo), 119.
epiclelia (Precis), 511.
epijasius (Charaxes), 541.
Epiplema, 259, 260, 344, 345.
Epiphryne, 265.
Epirrhoé, 273, 274, 374.
epops (Upupa), 296, 207.
Eques, 326.
eques (Cinnyris), 222.
— (Myzomela), 222, 223.
erebata (Remodes), 267.
Eremocentra, 367.
erlangeri (Procavia), 313, 314.
erosioides (Phazaca), 345.
erythrauchen (Accipiter), 3, 45.
erythrina (Myzomela), 222.
erythrocephala (Myzomela), 219.
erythromelas (Myzomela), 219.
Erythrura, 58.
Esacus, 17, 37.
esculenta (Collocalia), 7, 1 203, 241.
etesipe (Charaxes), 541.
ethalion (Charaxes), 542.
etheocles (Charaxes), 541, 54
— (Papilio), 541.
Eucymatoge, 379, 380,
Eudynamis, 47, 234—238.
Eugerygone, 474, 475.
Hugnesia, 383, 384.
Euippe, 405.
Eulepis, 311, 526, 332.
Eulipoa, 62.
Eulype, 264, 265.
Eumimetes, 154.
Eumyias, 10.
Eunidia, 186.
Eupetes, 229—231.
Euphaedra, 538, 539.
Euploea, 501, 502.
Euproctis, 120.
eurinome (Anthora), 338, 340.
— (Euxanthe), 332, 333, 338, 340, 342,
be SP ae"
eurinome (Festivus), 338.
— (Godartia), 337, 338, 340.
— (Nymphalis), 338.
— (Papilio), 338.
— (Phaleratus), 338, 340.
Eurostopodus, 202.
Eurylamus, 454.
eurynome (Euxanthe), 335, 340, 341, 342.
Eurypteryx, 482.
Eurystomus, 7, 25, 50, 196—198, 240.
Eurytela, 525, 526.
Eurythecodes, 277.
eurytis (Atella), 506.
Euthyrhynchus, 451.
Euxanthe, 326, 332—342.
everetti (Acanthopneuste), 9.
— (Cryptolopha), 1, 9, 10, 43, 53.
— (Eudynamis), 234, 235—237.
— (Phyllergates), 44, 58.
— (Xenocerus), 430.
evonymaria (Therapis), 412.
exalbata (Elphos), 390.
examinata (Pachycephala), 12.
exilis (Cisticola), 30, 225.
— (Malurus), 30.
eximium (Dicaeum), 216.
Exocentrus, 189,
expansa (Pseudacraea), 537.
exsul (Columba), 60, 61.
facialis (Eudynamis), 238.
Falcinellus, 65, 73, 75, 76, 89.
Falco, 20, 45, 234.
fallax (Aplochlora), 268.
— (Glycichaera), 435, 436.
— (Pachystola), 176.
— (Rhipidura), 465.
falsidica (Eucymatoge), 379.
famelica (Vulpes), 283.
familiaris (Canis), 314, 315.
farinosa (Melanopolia), 151.
— (Monochamus), 146, 151.
fasciata (Arycanda), 386.
— (Byblia), 528.
— (Holorista), 383.
— (Myrioblephara), 392. -
— (Rallina), 62.
— (Scardamia), 405.
— (Tridrepana), 346.
fasciatus (Discoceps), 179.
— (Gulamentus), 130.
— (Nyctopais), 171.
— (Sintor), 417.
fascinans (Anisogamia), 355.
fasciolata (Locustella), 255.
fasciolatus (Acrocephalus), 14, 30, 58, 251,
— (Locustella), 14, 30, 58, 251,
fasciosa (Meteugoa), 482,
( 561 )
felis (Pulex), 312, 315.
Felis, 282.
femoratus (Metopotylus), 131.
femorellus (Derolus), 137.
fenestrella (Leiopus), 188.
fenicheli (Arses), 462.
ferculinus (Mus), 319.
fergussonis (Melilestes), 438.
ferrugineus (Idiocalla), 139.
— (Pitohui), 97, 98.
— (Rhectes), 97, 98.
festivata (Gullaca), 266.
Festivus, 332, 338, 524.
filigera (Ptilotis), 445, 447.
— (Xanthotis), 446.
fimbriatus (Uroplates), 490.
finipalpis (Capnodes), 124.
finschi (Pachycephala), 101, 102.
-— (Paradisea), 81.
— (Ptilotis), 447, 448.
— (Trichostoma), 30.
flaccida (Alcis), 388.
flava (Alphitopola), 161.
— (Cinnyris), 213.
— (Motacilla), 58, 252.
flavareata (Brachycola), 307.
flavescens (Ptilotis), 443.
flaviceps (Campochaera), 209.
flavicincta (Poecilodryas), 470.
flavicollis (Ardea), 38.
— (Craspedosis), 387.
— (Dupetor), 38, 63, 64.
flavifrons (Amblyornis). 65, 69, 89,
flavigaster (Microeca), 471.
flavigula (Eutbyrhynchus), 451.
flaviguttata (Neostega), 276.
flavirupta (Oenoptila), 402.
flavissima (Zosterops), 20, 29, 30.
flaviventris (Microeca), 471.
— (Milionia), 485.
— (Sphecotheres), 245.
flavocinctus (Mimetes), 111.
— (Oriolus), 111.
flavogrisea (Pachycare), 108.
— (Pachycephala), 108.
flavopalliatus (Lorius), 4, 5, 46.
flayovirescens (Microeca), 471.
flavus (Potos), 40.
flexilinea (Arycanda), 386.
— (Myrioblephara), 391, 392, 394.
floresiana (Alcedo), 25.
floridata (Bordeta), 26%.
forbesi (Myzomela), 221.
formosa (Carpophaga), 60.
— (Danaida), 502.
— (Danaus), 502.
_— (Megaloprepia), 15, 60.
formosus (Uroplectes), 303.
fortis (Pachycephala), 107, 108.
fosteri (Ceratopsylla), 324.
fragilis (Iodis), 359.
— (Lycauges), 272.
— (Xylotrechus), 143.
frater (Monarcha), 455,
Frea, 178, 194.
Fregata, 64, 254.
Fregilus, 32.
frenata (Cinnyris), 12, 29, 55, 213, 214.
— (Griphammus), 151.
— (Melanopolia), 151, 152.
— (Nectarinia), 12, 55, 213.
freycinet (Megapodius), 16, 62.
freyi (Prosopocera), 161.
Fringilla, 58.
fritillaria (Arycanda), 386.
fuciphaga (Collocalia), 202, 240.
fulgurata (Neptidopsis), 526.
fuliginosus (Decataphanes), 127.
fulva (Cubilia), 181.
— (Prosopocera), 158.
fulvaster (Monochamus), 150.
fulvata (Tridrepana), 346.
fulvescens (Rawasia), 129.
fulvia (Clerckia), 312.
fulvigula (Euthyrhynchus), 451.
fulviplaga (Trochistis), 405.
fulvisparsus (Monochamus), 193.
fulvitaenia (Heterormista), 121.
fulviventris (Euthyrhynchus), 451.
— (Plectorhyncha), 451.
fulvocinerea (Ptilotis), 448.
fulyomarmoratus (Poimenesperus), 169.
fulvum (Derographium), 129.
fulvus (Charadrius), 37, 62.
— (Derolus), 137,
— (Saphanidus), 132.
fumata (Myzomela), 224.
— (Precis), 518.
— (Ptilotis), 224.
fumigatus (Melipotes), 439.
fumilinea (Ptychopoda), 272.
fumitacta (Tephroclystia), 274.
funebris (Craspedosis), 387.
turcata (Bordeta), 486.
— (Perixera), 372.
— (Precis), 516.
— (Stibarostoma), 372.
fusca (Acanthochoera), 440,
— (Antheraea), 311.
— (Melirrhophetes), 440.
fuscata (Catacroptera), 520,
fuscescens (Monarcha), 455.
fuscicapilla (Zosterops), 453.
fuscicapillus (Corvus), 91.
— (Macrocorax), 91.
— (Philemon), 56,
fuscimedia (Paradromulia), 397.
fusciventris (Ptilotis), 445,
— (Xanthotis), 445,
fuscogriseus (Metachirus), 42,
( 562 )
gabbi (Sylvilagus), 42.
gabonica (Glenea), 190.
gabonicus (Clytus), 142.
— (Monochamus), 145.
gahani (Xylotrechus), 143.
Galactesthes, 158.
galapagoensis (Testudo), 119.
galatea (Tanysiptera), 48, 50.
galeata (Myiagra), 9, 53, 243.
galeatus (Basileornis), 32.
galene (Aterica), 537, 538.
Galerida, 296.
Gallinago, 37, 63.
gamblei (Pachycephala), 104.
garega (Asterope), 529.
garrulus (Lorius), 4, 5, 46.
— (Psittacus), 4.
Garzetta, 17, 253.
garzetta (Garzetta), 253.
Gasterocome, 390,
Gazella, 302, 480.
gazella (Obriaccum), 138.
Gazzola, 19, 31, 32.
Geckonia, 298.
geelvinkianum (Dicaeum), 214, 215,
geelwinkianus (Monarcha), 455.
geisleri (Drepanornis), 65, 74, 89.
geislerorum (Ailuroedus), 66, 67.
— (Kupetes), 230.
gemmata (Prorocorys), 267.
Gemmatus, 511, 521, 522, 526, 534.
geniculata (Allogaster), 132.
geoffroyi (Aegialites), 62.
— (Charadrius), 37.
— (Ochthodromus), 37.
Geoffroyus, 4, 46.
Geopelia, 35.
Gerbillus, 283, 284, 301.
gerbillus (Gerbillus), 283, 301.
germana (Ptilotis), 443.
Gerygone, 244, 472474.
gibberifrons (Anas), 254.
gibbosa (Petrodaya), 406.
gigas (Chlorochroma), 355.
— (Phloeotragus), 127.
gilippus (Danaida), 502.
gilolensis (Melitograis), 56, 57.
— (Tropidorhynchus), 56.
girrenera (Haliastur), 2, 21, 44, 232.
giulianettii (Gerygone), 473, 475.
glabrifrons (Opisthophthalmus), 303.
Glareola, 62.
Glenea, 190.
Gliciphila, 435.
Globicera, 15.
glomerata (Perixera), 367.
Glossophaga, 39.
Glycichaera, 435, 436.
godarti (Charaxes), 541.
Godartia, 332, 334, 337, 338, 340, 341.
goetzius (Byblia), 527, 528.
— (Papilio), 526, 527, 528.
goliath (Centropus), 6, 47.
golo (Mycalesis), 493.
Gonanticlea, 375.
goniata (Microschema), 34,
goniota (Anisogamia), 355.
Gonophaga, 408—410.
goochi (Neptis), 537.
goramensis (Myiagra), 9, 243.
gotzius (Byblia), 527.
gouldi (Ardetta), 63.
— (Dupetor), 63, 64.
— (Phonygammus), 87.
— (Semioptera), 80.
Graciella, 174.
gracilis (Apatenia), 419.
Grallina, 246,
grandis (Sternotomis), 165.
— (Tragocepbala), 166.
granti (Atella), 505.
granulatus (Litocerus), 130.
granulifrons (Ptilinopus), 15.
Graucala, 113, 114.
Graucalus, 10, 53, 54, 96, 203—206, 244.
grayi (Chenorhamphus), 476.
— (Todopsis), 476.
— (Zosterops), 250.
Griphammus, 151.
griphus (Monochamus), 151.
griseicauda (Rhipidura), 243.
— (Treron), 33.
griseiceps (Microeca), 471.
— (Pachycephala), 105.
griseigula (Euthyrhynchus), 451.
griseisticta (Muscicapa), 9, 52, 243, 467.
griseofusa (Celerena), 348.
griseogularis (Astur), 3, 44, 45.
griseoplagiatus (Monochamus), 145.
grisescens (Rawasia), 128, 129.
griseus (Discoceps), 179.
— (Varanus), 298.
Gulamentus, 130.
gularis (Lamprotornis), 114.
— (Rhipidura), 464.
gulielmi (Paradisea), 83, 89.
gulielmitertii (Diphyllodes), 80.
Gullaca, 266. ;
gurneyi (Aquila), 44.
— (Heteropus), 44.
— (Spizaétus), 44.
gustavi (Anthus), 31, 58.
guttata (Aethomyias), 475.
— (Chlamydera), 68.
— (Cnemolia), 154.
— (Dendrocygna), 254,
— (Mecocerina), 427.
— (Rhaphidopsis), 173.
guttilinea (Oenochroma), 260.
guttula (Monarcha), 456.
( 563 )
guttula (Muscicapa), 456.
guttulata (Dendrocygna), 64.
gutturalis (Anthus), 225.
— (Hirundo), 51, 241, 453.
Gymnocorvus, 91.
Gymnocrex, 62.
Gymnophaps, 60, 61.
gymnops (Melipotes), 438, 439.
Gymnoscelis, 266, 377, 378.
Gynandrocerus, 129,
Habrissus, 420.
Halcyon, 6, 7, 25, 50.
Haliaétus, 232.
— (Pandion), 21, 44, 232.
Haliastur, 2, 21, 44, 232.
halmaheira (Columba), 61.
— (Janthaenas), 61.
halmaherae (Semioptera), 59, 80.
Halterophora, 263.
haltica (Theocris), 184.
Hamamunida, 538.
hamata (Basitropis), 482.
hansali (Charaxes), 541.
Hapheniastus, 174, 175.
harmodius (Charaxes), 310.
harpagon (Charaxes), 310.
harringtoni (Amauris), 505.
harterti (Lepus), 301.
hastata (Eulype), 265.
hattamensis (Pachycephala), 107.
heathi (Cubilia), 181.
hecate (Amauris), 497, 504.
helenae (Parotia), 71, 72.
Heligmomerus, 305.
heliogenes (Pseudacraea), 537.
Hemiderma, 39.
Hemipodius, 36.
Hemistola, 358.
2
henicogrammus (Astur), 44, 45.
henkei (Arses), 461, 462.
henleyi (Dipodillus), 284.
Henotesia, 493.
henricus (Xenocerus), 429.
Hermotimia, 212, 250.
Herodias, 17, 253.
heros (Phloeotragus), 127.
Heteractitis, 37, 62.
Heterodisca, 410.
Heteromiza, 411.
Heteromyias, 467.
Heteropelma, 117.
Heteropus, 44.
Heterormista, 121.
Heteroschista, 271.
Heterusia, 483, 484.
hiarbas (Eurytela), 625.
hiaticula (Aegialitis), 296.
hippomene (Antanartia), 508, 510.
— (Hypanartia), 509.
Hippopsicon, 186, 187.
hirtipes (Celerena), 348, 349.
Hirundo, 26, 51, 241, 296, 297, 453.
hispidoides (Alcedo), 6, 25, 48.
hoffmanni (Cholaepus), 42.
— (Sciurus), 40.
holerythrus (Pitohui), 7.
Holorista, 383.
homoeus (Monochamus), 148.
honorata (Eudynamis), 47, 235.
honoratus (Cuculus), 236.
— (Budynamis), 236, 238.
hostilis (Solpuga), 305.
howensis (Asterope), 529, 531.
— (Crenis), 531.
Huceus, 426.
humeralis (Basitropis), 433.
humilis (Margites), 135,
hunsteini (Diphyllodes), 78, 79.
— (Phonygammus), 87, 88.
huntei (Euproctis), 120.
— (Iridobapta), 121.
— (Labanda), 125.
— (Pterocyclophora), 122.
— (Thyrsoscelis), 123.
buonis (Immetalia), 486, 487.
hyalodisea (Spectroreta), 256.
hybrida (Anosiodes), 412.
hydrocharis (‘Tanysiptera), 7, 48, 49, 50,
Hyllisia, 187.
hyogaster (Ptilinopus), 15, 60.
Hypanartia, 209, 481, 508—510.
Hypanis, 526, 527, 528.
Hypephyva, 406.
hyperbius (Argynnis), 492, 507, 508.
hyperythra (Muscicapula), 43, 52, 53.
— (Pachycephala), 107.
— (Rhipidura), 464.
Hypocharmosyna, 5, 46.
Hypochroma, 350, 351.
Hypocysta, 309.
hypoenochrous (Lorius), 197.
Hypoeschrus, 131, 134.
hypogramma (A thene), 45.
— (Ninox), 45.
Hypographa, 260.
Hypolais, 295, 297.
hypoleuca (Petroica), 468.
— (Poecilodryas), 468, 470,
hypoleucos (Tringa), 37.
— (Tringoides), 37, 62.
hypoleucus (Graucalus), 205.
Hypolimnas, 524, 525.
Hypomares, 133, 192.
Hypomelaena, 332.
Hypotaenidia, 20, 36.
hypoxantha (Zosterops), 453.
Hypsideres, 177.
( 564 )
Thidion, 192.
Ietonyx, 283.
Tdactus, 154, 156.
Tdiocalla, 139.
Tfrita, 226.
ignea (Heterodisca), 410.
ignicolle (Dicaeum), 215.
ignota (Seleucides), 75.
iliolophus (Melilestes), 438.
ilithyia (Byblia), 526, 527, 528.
— (Hypanis), 527, 528.
— (Nymphalis), 526, 527, 528.
— (Papilio), 526, 527, 528.
— (Phaleratus), 526, 527, 528.
illuensis (Choaspes), 481.
imbutalis (Brixia), 257.
imitans (Hippopsis), 187.
— (Hyllisia), 187.
immaculata (Eurythecodes), 277.
Immetalia, 486, 487.
Imperata, 19.
imperatrix (Dysphania), 261.
impleta (Myrioblephara), 393, 394.
inanum (Euphaedra), 539.
incana (Heteractitis), 62.
incensata (Capasa), 408.
incisa (Aterica), 537.
inconspicua (Cyclura), 347.
— (Teldenia), 256.
incubus (Poimenesperus), 170.
indica (Chaleophaps), 16, 36, 61.
— (Pyrameis), 510.
indicus (Habrissus), 420.
indistincta (Chlorochroma), 355.
indus (Haliastur), 2, 21, 44, 232.
inermis (Acmocera), 179.
— (Litocerus), 426,
— (Paroeme), 134.
infaustus (Cacomantis), 239.
inferna (Euippe), 405.
infernus (Charaxes), 310.
— (Sintor), 416.
infracta (Junonia), 515.
— (Precis), 513, 514.
infrenata (Cinnyris), 20, 29.
infumata (Danaida), 501.
Ingena, 385.
ingratus (Basitropis), 432.
innotata (Gonophaga), 410.
inornata (Amblyornis), 71.
— (Calornis), 115.
— (Monarcha), 26, 51, 454, 455.
== (Muscicapa), 26, 51, 454.
inornatus (Amblyornis), 69.
— (Mecocerus), 127, 128.
— (Monarcha), 26, 242.
inquinata (Epiplema), 344.
— (Rhomborista), 363.
insignis (Aegotheles), 51.
— (Apatenia), 418.
insignis (Ceratopsylla), 319, 321.
— (Prosopocera), 159.
insperata (Anisogamia), 355.
insperatus (Cacomantis), 5, 46, 239.
— (Cuculus), 5.
insularis (Arses), 462.
— (Corvus), 90.
— (Monarcha), 462.
intensa (Petrodava), 406.
interalbicans (Brixia), 257.
intercedens (Ptilorhis), 74.
interfusa (Arycanda), 386, 3
intermedia (Paradisea), 81.
— (Zosterops), 30.
intermedius (Haliastur), 2.
— (Podargus), 199.
interposita (Scotopterix), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
interpres (Strepsilas), 62.
interrupta (Xystrocera), 192
interscapularis (Megalurus), 225.
Todis, 358, 359.
ione (Teracolus), 493.
ionogaster (Ptilinopus), 15.
Totreron, 33, 34.
Tpthima, 497.
Tridobapta, 120, 121.
irritans (Pulex), 314, 542.
irrorata (Tomolamia), 151.
Ischnia, 184.
isidis (Pulex), 313, 314.
isidori (Acridoschema), 179.
— (Pomatorhinus), 231.
isochrous (Monochamus), 148.
isokani (Appias), 493.
isosceles (Trigonodes), 123.
Ispida, 48.
ispida (Alcedo), 6, 25, 48.
87.
o
jacksoni (Amauris), 504, 505.
Jaculus, 285.
jaculus (Jaculus), 28).
jaguarita (Eumimetes), 154.
jamesi (Phonygammus), 87.
jana (Antheraea), 311.
Janthaenas, 61.
Janthothorax, 65, 73, 89.
javana (Mydrothauma), 483.
javanica (Ardea), 38.
— (Batorides), 38, 63, 253.
— (Hirundo), 26, 51, 453.
javanicus (Centropus), 6, 24, 47.
javanus (Sintor), 416.
jobiensis (Ailuroedus), 67.
— (Cinnyris), 211, 251.
-— (Diphyllodes), 79.
— (Manucodia), 85, 86.
— (Pachycephala), 105, 106.
— (Paradisea), 81.
( 565 )
jobiensis (Philemon), 450.
— (Pitohui), 97.
jocaste (Charaxes), 541.
johni (Pachycephala), 12.
jonesi (Cheloctonus), 303.
jucunda (Mydrothauma), 483.
jugularis (Cinnyris), 2.
— (Myzomela), 220,
junius (Charaxes), 540.
junodi (Solpuga), 304, 305,
Junonia, 511, 512, 513, 517.
kaffana (Asterope), 530.
kalidupae (Pisorhina), 20, 21, 22.
karu (Ceblepyris), 245.
— (Lalage), 210, 245.
— (Lanius), 210.
kefersteini (Hypanartia), 509.
keiana (Immetalia), 486.
keianus (Eulepis), 311.
keiense (Dicaeum), 251.
keraudreni (Phonygammus), 87, 88.
keyensis (Gerygone), 244.
khasianus (Litocerus), 424, 425,
— (Mucronianus), 427.
kinabaluensis (Cryptolopha), 473.
kirhocephalus (Lanius), 95.
— (Pitohui), 95.
— (Vanga), 95.
kisserensis (Monarcha), 26, 242, 455.
kleinschmidti (Myzomela), 222.
klugi (Danaida), 502.
— (Limnas), 501.
kohistaria (Epiplema), 545.
kordensis (Monarcha), 459.
— (Rhipidura), 463.
kowara (Junonia), 517.
kraatzi (Derolus), 136.
kreffti (Graucala), 114.
— (Mino), 114.
kuehni (Hypotaeuidia), 20, 36.
— (Litocerus), 425.
— (Myzomela), 219.
— (Pachycephala), 247, 248.
— (Xenocerus), 428.
kiihni (Dicaeum), 20, 28.
Labanda, 125.
lacrimans (Ptilotis), 443.
lactator (Anoplostetha), 159.
— (Prosopocera), 160.
lactea (Alphitopola), 161.
lacteata (Paradromulia), 396.
laemostictus (Dicrurus), 110.
laeta (Paralcis), 308.
laetior (Hurystomus), 197.
laetula (Tragiscoschema), 173.
laetus (Poimenesperus), 168, 170.
laevis (Monochamus), 145.
lafargei (Myzomela), 219.
Lagomys, 318.
lagria (Syndere), 140.
Lalage, 11, 27, 54, 210, 245.
lameeri (Anybostetha), 158.
— (Prosopocera), 158, 159.
Lamia, 160, 172.
Lamprococeyx, 239.
Lamprothorax, 72, 73.
Lamprotornis, 14, 31, 58, 59, 114, 116.
laniger (Caluromys), 42.
Lanius, 95, 206, 210.
lapidata (Perixera), 369.
Larentia, 275.
Lasiopezus, 154, 155, 157.
lasti (Charaxes), 540.
lateralis (Oeax), 156.
— (Tetraulax), 183.
— (Xenocerus), 430.
laticaudatus (Nyctinomus), 325.
laticinctata (Cidaria), 275.
laticlava (Craspedosis), 387.
latifasciaria (Melanthia), 265.
latirostris (Myiagra), 466.
Latisternum, 154, 155, 157.
lauterbachi (Arses), 462.
— (Chlamydera), 65, 89.
lawesi (Parotia), 71, 72.
Leiopus, 188, 189.
leodice (Nymphalis), 516.
— (Papilio), 516.
— (Phaleratus), 516.
— (Precis), 500, 516.
leonidas (Papilio), 497.
lepida (Ceyx), 6, 48.
leptis (Acorynus), 422.
— (Glenea), 190.
— (Plagiomus), 171.
— (Syndere), 140.
Leptoeme, 134, 135.
Lepus, 285, 301, 302.
lerotina (Bifa), 301.
lerotinus (Eliomys), 300, 301.
lethe (Antanartia), 508
Leucetaera, 121, 385.
leucocephalus (Pandion), 21, 44, 232.
leucogaster (Artamus), 27.
— (Cuncuma), 2, 44.
— (Haliaétus), 232.
— (Pachycephala), 248
leucomelaena (Amaurornis), 37.
leucomelas (Hypocysta), 309,
leuconota (Mellivora), 300.
Leucophantes, 469.
leucops (Dicrurus), 28.
— (Poecilodryas), 469.
leucopsila (Glenea), 190.
lencopsilus (Litocerus), 425,
eucoptera (Campephaga), 210.
( 566 )
leucoptera (Lalage), 210.
leucopygialis (Artamus), 112.
leucorhynchos (Artamus), 54.
leucorhynchus (Artamus), 112, 246.
— (Pitohui), 98.
— (Rectes), 98.
leucospila (Ephialtes), 45.
— (Pisorhina), 45.
— (Sternotomis), 165.
leucospilus (Pisorhina), 21, 22.
leucostephes (Melirrhophetes), 439.
Leucosticha, 538.
leucostictus (Eupetes), 230, 231.
leucostigma (Pachycephala), 107.
leucothorax (Rhipidura), 463.
leucotis (Monarcha), 456.
leucura (Monarcha), 241.
leucurus (Saxicola), 295, 297.
lewisi (Acorynus), 423.
libyea (Ictonyx), 283,
lichenea (Oeax), 156, 157.
— (Trachytus), 156.
— (Xyleutes), 307.
lichenius (Uroplates), 490.
ligata (Catacroptera), 520.
— (Heterusia), 483.
— (Macrochia), 176.
ligatus (Acorynus), 421.
— (Griphammus), 151.
— (Poimenesperus), 170.
Ligdia, 393.
ligdiodes (Myrioblephara), 392.
lignaria (Calamodes), 275.
lignifascia (Paradromulia), 395.
lilacina (Chrysocraspeda), 365.
Limnas, 501, 502.
limniace (Danaida), 502.
— (Danais), 502.
limnoria (Precis), 519.
lindigi (Hypanartia), 509.
lineata (Syntaracta), 384.
lineatus (Margites), 135.
lineola (Rhinoprora), 380.
lineolata (Pachycephala), 12.
lita (Eurytela), 525.
lithina (Paralcis), 398.
lithocrossa (Anisogamia), 355.
Litocerus, 130, 420, 424—426.
lividula (Ptychopoda), 371.
Loboparadisea, 65, 70, 71, 89.
Lobophora, 576.
Loborhamphus, 65, 72, 89.
Locustella, 14, 30, 58, 225, 251.
loloa (Hyllisia), 187.
longicauda (Graucalus), 96, 204.
longicollis (Phloeotragus), 127.
longimacula (Problepsis), 370.
longipalpis (Immetalia), 486, 487.
Lophorina, 72.
Loria, 70, 71, 72.
loriae (Eupetes), 230.
— (Loria), 70, 71, 72.
Loriculus, 46.
Lorius, 4, 5, 46, 197.
louisiadensis (Cracticus), 93.
— (Graucalus), 205.
— (Myzomela), 221.
Loxia, 31, 252.
Loxochila, 359.
lucasi (Criniger), 13.
lucida (Monarcha), 458.
— (Myiagra), 458.
lucidiscata (Scotosia), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
lucidus (Monarcha), 458.
lucifera (Ingena), 385.
lucifugus (Myodes), 321.
lucirivata (Xanthorhoé), 376.
lucretia (Nymphalis), 537.
— (Papilio), 537.
— (Phaleratus), 537.
— (Psendacraea), 537.
lunulata (Tridrepana), 346.
lunulatus (Falco), 234.
luscinia (Aédon), 295.
lutea (Alphitopola), 160.
luteus (Acorynus), 423.
lutosa (Acmocera), 194.
— (Macrochia), 176.
lutosus (Basitropis), 452.
luzoniensis (Muscicapula), 53.
lybica (Felis), 282.
Lycauges, 272.
Lycocorax, 1, 14, 53, 54, 59, 65, 88.
Lygrus, 139.
lyogyrus (Cicinnurus), 65, 89.
lyricen (Plagionotulus), 145.
macgregori (Cuemophilus), 70.
Macgregoria, 70.
Machaerirhynchus, 476,
Macrochia, 176.
Macrocorax, 91, 92.
Macroprotodon, 299,
Macropteryx, 7, 51, 203.
Macropus, 414.
macropus (Latisternum), 155.
— (Vespertilio), 324.
Macropygia, 16, 35, 61.
macrospila (Milionia), 315, 485.
Macruropsar, 116.
macrurus (Caprimulgus), 7, 202, 240.
— (Megalurus), 225.
— (Sphenoeacus), 225.
macularis (Phryneta), 175.
maculata (Alcis), 388, 389.
— (Basitropis), 433.
— (Chlamydera), 68.
— (Eafa), 448.
( 567 )
maculata (Museicapula), 43, 52.
— (Paradromulia), 396.
maculatus (Calanthemis), 142.
maculicosta (Capnodes), 124.
maculipectus (Rhipidura), 463.
maculosus (Ailuroedus), 66.
— (Hemipodius), 36.
— (Turnix), 36.
madagascariensis (Asterope), 531, 532, 534.
— (Crenis), 528, 531.
— (Euxanthe), 333, 335, 338.
— (Godartia), 332, 335.
— (Junonia), 511.
— (Precis), 511.
madaraszi (Pinarolestes), 100.
— (Ptilotis), 446, 447.
mafize (Asterope), 535.
— (Crenis), 535.
maforense (Dicaeum), 214.
maforensis (Campephaga), 26.
— (Chaleostetha), 211.
— (Cinnyris), 211, 250.
— (Cryptolopha), 475.
— (Gerygone), 473, 475.
— (Graucalns), 206.
magica (Pisorhina), 21, 22.
magnifica (Diphyllodes), 78—80.
magnificus (Ptilorhis), 73.
magnirostris (Esacus), 17, 37.
— (Grauealus), 53, 54.
magnus (Macruropsar), 116.
malachitis (Ardonis), 381.
malayana (Eudynamis), 47, 235, 236.
Mallonia, 182.
Malurus, 30, 478.
mamillatus (Xenocerus), 430.
manadensis (Columba), 39.
— (Pisorhina), 20, 21, 22, 45.
— (Turacoena), 35.
mantoui (Ptilorhis), 74.
Manucodia, 65, 84, 85, 86.
margarethae (Tanysiptera), 48, 49.
marginalis (Xystrocera), 192.
marginata (Campephaga), ll.
— (doliisoma), 11.
marginatus (Charaxes), 539.
marginepunctata (Chlorochroma), 356.
Margites, 135.
maria (Paradisea), 65, 89.
mariae (Cnemophilus), 70.
marmorata (Coenocalpe), 372.
— (Ptilotis), 444.
marmoratus (Poimenesperus), 169.
marmoreus (Mecotropis), 415.
Marpesia, 535, 536.
marpessa (Neptis), 497, 536.
mars (Stephanocireus), 319.
marsupialis (Didelphis), 42.
martialis (Ceratopsylla), 322.
martinus (Charaxes), 310.
mashuna (Prosopocera), 160.
maugeus (Columba), 35.
— (Geopelia), 35.
maxima (Pitta), 57.
— (Sterna), 297.
maximus (Artamus), 112.
mechowi (Pinacosterna), 164.
Mecocerina, 427.
Mecocerus, 127.
Mecotropis, 415.
media (Sterna), 38.
mediofasciata (Milionia),
medon (Euphaedra), 539.
— (Papilio), 539.
meeki (Anthreptes), 436,
— (Dicrurus), 110.
— (Edoliisoma), 207.
— (Immetalia), 486, 487.
— (Loxochila), 35%.
— (Milionia), 486,
— (Oedistoma), 436.
— (Pachycephala), 248.
— (Podargus), 199.
— (Zosterops), 452.
megala (Gallinago), 63.
Megalestes, 467.
Megaloprepia, 15, 60.
megalorhynchos (Psittacus), 4.
cs
85.
— (Tanygnathus), 4, 19, 20, 22, 23, 45, 247.
megalornis (Dicrurus), 11, 246.
megalotus (Potos), 40. —
Megalurus, 225.
Megapodius, 16, 36, 62.
megarhyncha (Colluricinela), 54.
— (Muscieapa), 99.
— (Pinarolestes), 99—101,
megarhynchus (Dicranostreptus), 110, 197.
— (Melilestes), 436.
— (Ptilotis), 436.
megaspila (Zethes), 125.
Megatheca, 377.
melaena (Ardetta), 64.
— (Dupetor), 64.
melaleuca (Monochamus), 147, 151.
— (Muscicapa), 52.
— (Rhaphidopsis), 163, 172.
melanaria (Merula), 96.
melanauchen (Sterna), 64.
melania (Sciurus), 40.
Melanippe, 265.
melanocephala (Columba), 33.
— (Ptilinopus), 33.
melanocephalus (Ailuroedus), 67.
Melanocharis, 216.
melanogenys (Poecilodryas), 469.
melanoleucus (Microcarbo), 64.
melanoleucos (Phalacrocorax), 254.
melanolora (Campephaga), 10.
— (Graucalus), 10, 53, 205,
Melanomys, 41,
( 568 )
melanonotus (Monarcha), 459.
melanope (Motacilla), 31, 58, 225, 252.
Melanopolia, 146, 151, 152.
melanops (Corvus), 204, 244.
— (Graucalus), 204, 244.
melanopsis (Monarcha), 455.
— (Muscicapa), 455.
melanoptera (Monarcha), 456.
melanopus (Acorynus), 422, 423.
Melanopyrrhus, 112, 113.
melanorhyncha (Hudynamis), 238.
melanospila (Iotreron), 33.
— (Ptilinopus), 33.
melanotis (Ailuroedus), 67.
— (Campephaga), 54.
— (Edoliisoma), 54.
— (Graucalus), 54.
melanotus ( Porphyrio), 252.
Melanthia, 265.
melanura (Carpophaga), 16, 60.
— (Mpristicivora), 16, 60.
— (Pachycephala), 12, 101, 102.
melanurus (Eliomys), 300.
melas (Dupetor), 63.
— (Edoliisoma), 206, 207.
— (Lanius), 206.
meleagris (Leucosticha), 538.
— (Papilio), 538.
melica (Thalassodes), 263.
melicerta (Neptis), 537.
— (Nymphalis), 537.
— (Papilio), 537.
— (Phaleratus), 537.
Melidectes, 439.
Melilestes, 436—438.
melinus (Sericulus), 69.
Melipotes, 438, 439.
Melirrhophetes, 459, 440.
Melitograis, 56, 57.
Mellivora, 300.
melusina (Mycalesis), 493.
memnon (Papilio), 499.
menadensis (Monarcha), 458.
— (Muscicapa), 458.
mentalis (Pachycephala), 54.
meridionalis (Phoenicophaus), 24.
— (Pitohni), 94.
— (Prosopocera), 159.
— (Rectes), 94.
Meriones, 284, 285, 312—314.
meriones (Papilio), 488.
merope (Papilio), 499.
Merops, 6, 47, 196.
Merula, 96.
merula (Pachycephala), 101.
mesomelas (Canis), 315.
Mesosa, 154,
Mesotrophe, 367,
Metachirus, 42.
Metacrenis, 528.
metallica (Calornis), 246.
metallicus (Calornis), 14, 58, 114, 115.
— (Lamprotornis), 14, 58, 59, 114.
Metallyra, 131.
metaspila (Anisogamia), 355, 360.
Meteugoa, 482.
Metopotylus, 131.
mexicanus (Coendou), 41, 42.
meyeri (Edoliisoma), 209.
— (Buthyrhynchus), 451.
— (Falcinellus), 76.
— (Philemon), 450.
— (Pitohni), 96.
— (Ptilotis), 446, 447.
— (Bhipidura), 465.
— (Tanysiptera), 48, 50.
meyerianus (Astur), 233.
Microcarbo, 64.
Microeca, 470, 471, 473.
microphyes (Testudo), 119.
microps (Atella), 507.
— (Plectonarthron), 194.
Microschema, 349.
Milionia, 315, 316, 484—486.
milnei (Apatenia), 417.
milonia (Precis), 497, 500, 517, 518.
mima (Cnemolia), 154.
Mimetes, 111.
mimica (Eunidia), 186.
— (Pachystola), 176.
— (Pinacosterna), 164.
mindanensis (Cuculus), 236.
— (Eudynamis), 47, 235, 236.
minerva (Stephanocireus), 319.
minima (Myrioblephara), 393.
Mino, 113, 114.
minor (Calornis), 31.
— (Chlorochroma), 355.
— (Lamprotornis), 31.
— (Lophorina), 72.
— (Paradisea), 80, 81.
— (Peltops), 454.
— (Poecilodryas), 468, 470.
— (Thalassades), 364, 365.
— (Zosterops), 452.
minutipuncta (Chlorochroma), 356.
minutus (Numenius), 62.
miosnomensis (Pachycephala), 106.
mira (Glenea), 190.
mirabilis (Janthothorax), 65, 73, 89.
miranda (‘Tephroclystia), 381.
misippus (Hypolimnas), 524.
Misocalius, 46, 47, 239.
misorensis (Todopsis), 477.
missippus (Danaus), 524.
— (Festivus), 524.
— (Papilio), 524.
mixtus (Charaxes), 493.
mocquerysi (Calanthemis), 142.
modesta (Erythrura), 58.
( 569 )
modesta (Fringilla), 58.
— (Gliciphila), 435.
— (Gullaca), 266.
— (Hypochroma), 350.
moea (Graciella), 174.
molitor (Bangalaia), 162, 163.
— (Xyleutes), 307, 308, 483.
Molossus, 39, 325.
molucea (Loxia), 31, 252.
— (Munia), 31, 58, 252.
molueeana (Amaurornis), 62.
moluccensis (Cerchneis), 234.
— (Philemon), 249.
— (Tinnunculus), 2, 21, 44.
monacha (Alcippe), 227.
— (Crateroscelis), 227.
— (Ptilinopus), 59.
Monachella, 479.
Monarcha, 7, 8, 26, 51, 52, 241, 242, 455—459,
462, 469.
Monobolodes, 344, 345.
Monochamus, 145—152, 193.
monspessulana (Coelopeltis), 299.
montana (Campephaga), 207.
— (Edoliisoma), 207.
— (Ptilotis), 442, 443.
monteironis (Hypolimnas), 524, 525.
Monticola, 251.
moranti (Asterope), 529, 530, 531.
— (Crenis), 530.
morio (Nitocris), 191.
—- (Tragocephala), 167.
moroka (Pachycephala), 106.
morotensis (Cinnyris), 55.
— (Lycocorax), 14, 88.
— (Piezorhynchus), 51.
mortiensis (Xenocerus), 428.
mortyana (Myzomela), 56, 223.
Motacilla, 31, 58, 225, 252, 296, 297.
motacilloides (Rhipidura), 52.
mucidus (Basitropis), 434.
Mucronianus, 427.
muelleri (Astur), 44.
miilleri (Edoliisoma), 208, 209.
— (Mimetes), 111.
— (Oriolus), 111.
miilleriana (Monachella), 479.
— (Muscicapa), 479.
multinotatus (Plagiomus), 171.
Munia, 31, 58, 252.
munitata (Xanthorhoé), 265.
murinus (Brachypteryx), 227.
— (Crateroscelis), 226.
murrayi (Alloeme), 138.
— (Sternotomis), 165.
Mus, 40, 283, 319.
Muscicapa, 8, 9, 26, 51, 99, 242, 243, 454— 458,
460, 462, 467, 479.
Muscicapula, 43, 52.
Muscipeta, 463.
muscosa (Anisogamia), 355.
— (Myrioblephara), 393.
musculus (Mus), 283.
musschenbroeki (Surniculus), 47.
mutabilis (Eurythecodes), 277.
Mycalesis, 493.
Myecerinicus, 183.
Mydrothauma, 483.
Myiagra, 8, 9, 53, 243, 458, 466.
Myiolestes, 100, 101, 247, 468, 469.
Myodes, 321.
myops (Calanthemis), 142.
— (Prosopocera), 158.
Myotis, 321.
Myrioblephara, 391, 292—395.
Myristicivora, 16, 35, 60.
mysorensis (Chalcostetha), 211.
— (Cinnyris), 211, 250.
mysoriense (Dicaeum), 214.
mystacea (Macropteryx), 7, 51.
mystaceus (Macropteryx), 203.
mysteriosus (Nyctopais), 170, 171.
mysticalis (Criniger), 13.
Myzomela, 13, 55, 56, 217—224.
nachtigali (Pinacosterna), 164.
nachtigalli (Precis), 519, 520.
naias (Craspedia), 272.
naib (Precis), 519.
naimii (Malurus), 478. ~
nais (Tanysiptera), 49.
nanus (Ptilinopus), 59.
nasicornis (Paroeax), 157.
Nasiterna, 197.
natalensis (Asterope), 529, 531—534.
— (Crenis), 530, 531, 532.
— (Precis), 498, 514.
natronensis (Pachyuromys), 285.
neanthes (Charaxes), 542.
— (Nymphalis), 542,
nebulosa (Mycalesis), 493.
— (Salamis), 522, 523, 524.
nebulosus (Leiopus), 189.
— (Salamis), 523.
Nectarinia, 12, 55, 213, 219, 250.
neglecta (Gerygone), 473.
neglectum (Edoliisoma), 209.
nemetes (Neptis), 536.
nemopteridia (Doratopteryx), 484.
neohanoyeranus (Eurystomus), 198.
Neopelma, 117.
Neoreta, 255.
Neoscolopax, 13, 17, 63.
Neostega, 276.
Neptidopsis, 526.
Neptis, 497, 536, 537.
nesophilus (Dupetor), 63, 64.
neumanni (Argynnis), 507.
— (Charaxes), 539,
( 570 )
neumanni (Danaida), 502.
— (Danaus), 502.
— (Euphaedra), 538.
newtoniana (Prionodura), 70.
niavius (Amauris), 496, 497, 503.
nicobarica (Caloenas), 16, 61, 247.
nicoleti (Acridocephala), 153, 164.
niger (Dicaeum), 216,
— (Melanocharis), 216.
nigerrima (Craspedosis), 388.
nigra (Astrapia), 76.
— (Myzomela), 220.
— (Oidemia), 296, 297.
nigranalis (Heteroschista), 271.
nigrescens (Cyrestis), 536.
— (Pitohui), 98, 99.
— (Rhectes), 98.
nigricans (Hirundo), 241.
— (Myotis), 321.
— (Petrochelidon), 241,
— (Vespertilio), 321.
nigriceps (Celerena), 348, 349.
nigricrissus (Eupetes), 230.
nigrimaculata (Anisogamia), 3595.
nigrimentum (Monarcha), 241.
nigripectus (Machaerirhynchus), 476.
nigripes (Ardea), 253.
— (Garzetta), 17, 253.
nigriscapularis (Cinnyris), 251.
nigriscripta (Poecilalcis), 401.
nigrita (Myzomela), 221.
— (Testudo), 119.
nigriventris (Myzomela), 218.
nigrocellata (Paradromulia), 395, 396.
nigrofasciata (Coniesthes), 176.
nigromaculata (Gonophaga), 410.
nigromentalis (Rhipidura), 464.
nigropicta (Tragiscoschema), 172.
nigropilosa (Phryneta), 176.
nigrorufa (Sericornis), 228.
nigrorum (Muscicapula), 53.
nigrosignata (Phryneta), 176.
nigrosticta (Paradromulia), 396.
Ninox, 4, 45.
niphe (Argynnis), 507.
nireus (Papilio), 488, 489.
Nisus, 21.
nisus (Accipiter), 233.
nitens (Exocentrus), 189.
— (Monarcha), 8, 52.
— (Myiagra), 8.
nitida (Myiagra), 466.
nitidicutis (Basitropis), 434.
nitidum (Dicaeum), 215.
Nitocris, 191.
nivestrota (Thalassodes), 365.
nivisparsa (Anisogamia), 262.
nivosus (Prosopocera), 158.
nobilis (Chariesthes), 174.
— (Loborhamphus), 65, 72, 89.
(fk 3)
nobilitata (Precis), 520. oceidentalium (Crenis), 529.
notata (Gerygone), 473. ocellata (Alcis), 388.
— (Ptilotis), 442. — (Paralcis), 399.
— (Therapis), 412. ocellatus (Podargus), 199.
Notophoyx, 253. — (Stenomalus), 138.
novaeguineae (Cinnyris), 437. ochlea (Amauris), 503.
— (Melilestes), 437, 438. ochleides (Amauris), 503.
— (Orthonyx), 231. ochrea (Tridrepana), 346.
— (Paradisea), 80, 82. ochreata (Tragocephala), 166.
— (Philemon), 449, 450. ochromelas (Melirrhophetes), 439, 440.
— (Zosterops), 250, 451. Ochthodromus, 37.
novaehollandiae (Ardea), 253. octavia (Nymphalis), 514.
— (Notophoyx), 253. — (Papilio), 514.
— (Scythrops), 6, 24, 47, 238. — (Phaleratus), 514.
novella (Tripteridia), 576. — (Precis), 494, 497, 514.
nuchalis (Chlamydera), 68, 69. ocularis (Stigmatops), 440.
numenes (Charaxes), 539. oculicollis (Tragocephala), 167.
Numenius, 17, 38, 62, 297. — (Xylotrechus), 143.
Nupserha, 174. Oeax, 156, 157.
nupta (Myiagra), 466. Oedistoma, 436.
Nycticorax, 64, 252. Oenochroma, 260, 261.
Nyctinomus, 323, 325. oenone (Precis), 512.
Nyctopais, 168, 170, 171. Oenoptila, 402.
nyikanus (Papilio), 489, 490. oerstedi (Saimiri), 39.
nymani (Myzomela), 223. Oidemia, 296, 297.
Nymphalis, 326, 328, 330, 332, 338, 340, 506, olivacea (Apatenia), 418.
508, 510, 511, 514, 516, 520—522, 526528, — (Sericornis), 228, 480.
534, 536, 537, 539, 542. — (Tridrepana), 346.
olivaceus (Litocerus), 130.
olympiana (Acmocera), 179.
obiense (Edoliisoma), 11, 27. omias (Monochamus), 146, 147, 151.
obiensis (Astur), 3, 45. omissa (Clerkia), 482.
— (Carpophaga), 15. onca (Lasiopezus), 155.
— (Eos), 5. — (Latisternum), 155.
— (Geoffroyus), 4. onerosa (Gerygone), 474.
— (Lycocorax), 1, 14, 88. onusta (Dirades), 345.
— (Milionia), 485. opacum (Apiogaster), 141.
— (Pachycephala), 11. ophione (Neptidopsis), 526.
— (Pionias), 4. Opisthacanthus, 303.
— (Reinwardtoenas), 16. opistholeucus (Tamanduas), 42.
— (Rhipidura), 8. Opisthophthalmus, 303.
— (Tanysiptera), 7, 48, 49. opossum (Metachirus), 42.
obliqua (Theoceris), 184. Oreocharis, 479.
obliquus (Acorynus), 422. , Oreta, 255, 256, 346, 347.
obnubilata (Agathia), 353. orientalis (Acrocephalus), 57.
obnupta (Thalassodes), 263. — (Arses), 462.
Obriaccum, 138. — (Chlamydera), 68, 69.
obscura (Calornis), 14, 58, 59. — (Eudynamis), 47, 234—238.
— (Myzomela), 224. — (Eurystomus), 7, 25, 50, 196, 197, 240.
obscurior (Catacroptera), 520. — (Glareola), 62
— (Cinnyris), 29. — (Graucala), 113.
— (Pachycephala), 103, 104. — (Manucodia), 85.
obscurus (Molossus), 39. — (Melanopyrrhus), 113.
obsoleta (Teldenia), 256. — (Mus), 283.
obstinatus (Zosterops), 57. — (Ptilotis), 441.
obtusa (Neptis), 536. — (Tinnunculus), 2.
occidentalis (Eliomys), 300. Oriolus, 20, 32, 111.
— (Microeca), 471. orithya (Precis), 511.
— (Tinnunculus), 2, 21. ormenus (Papilio), 49.
occidentalium (Asterope), 529, 530. ornata (Tragiscoschema), 173
( 572 )
ornatifimbria (Chrysochloroma), 262.
ornatus (Anatragus), 172.
—- (Choaspes), 481.
— (Merops), 6, 47, 196.
— (Trichoglossus), 22.
orru (Corvus), 14, 59, 89, 90.
Orthonyx, 231.
Orthosia, 258.
orthus (Sintor), 416.
Orudiza, 343.
orythia (Junonia), 511.
Oryzomys, 40, 41.
oscillans (Oriolus), 20, 32.
osculans (Misocalius), 47, 239.
Osmotreron, 33.
osyris (Hypocysta), 309.
Otocorys, 295, 297.
ovalis (Craspedosis), 388.
Oxycaula, 133.
Oxyhammus, 150, 151.
Pachycare, 108.
Pachycephala, 11, 12, 54, 101—108, 247, 248,
479,
Pachycephalopsis, 479.
Pachystola, 176, 194.
Pachythalia, 371.
Pachyuromys, 283, 285.
pacificus (Eurystomus), 197.
Palla, 326—332. 7
palliata (Alouatta), 39.
pallida (Alphitopola), 160, 161.
— (Eurythecodes), 277.
pallidiceps (Apatenia), 418.
pallidicosta (Peratostega), 269.
pallidilinea (Therapis), 411.
pallidior (Myzomela), 224.
pallidipectus (Muscicapula), 43, 52.
pallidipes (Zosterops), 453.
pallidirostris (Colluricincla), 99.
pallidistriga (Paralcis), 400.
pallidivirens (Chloroclystis), 378.
pallidus (Caluromys), 42.
— (Pulex), 542.
palliolatus (Cuculus), 46.
— (Misocalius), 46, 239.
palpebrosa (Gerygone), 472.
palumbina (Myrioblephara), 394.
panayensis (Eumyias), 10.
— (Stoparola), 10.
Pandion, 21, 44, 232.
Panopea, 537.
Papilio, 326, 330, 332, 338, 340, 481, 488—490,
494, 497, 499, 501, 506, 508, 510, 511, 514,
516, 520—524, 526—528, 534—541.
papuana (Microeca), 470.
papuensis (Alcis), 388.
-— (Corvus), 10, 205.
— (Chaetorhynchus), 110.
papuensis (Graucalus), 10, 53, 205, 206.
— (Merula), 96.
— (Podargus), 198.
Paradigilla, 70.
paradisea, 59, 65, 80—83, 89.
— (Milionia), 316, 485.
— (Ptilorhis), 73.
Paradromulia, 395—398.
Paralcis, 398—400.
paraphelis (Leiopus), 188.
pardalis (Acanthodactylus), 298.
— (Acridocephala), 153.
— (Basitropis), 433.
Pareclipsis, 278.
parhassus (Gemmatus), 521, 522
— (Nymphalis), 521, 522.
— (Papilio), 521, 522.
— (Salamis), 497, 521—524.
Paroeax, 157.
Paroeme, 133, 134, 192.
Parotia, 65, 71, 72, 89.
particolor (Brixia), 256.
Parus, 479.
parus (Derolus), 137.
Paryphephorus, 65, 89.
pasteuri (Neptis), 536.
Pauresthes, 359, 360.
pauper (Mallonia), 182.
parviei (Litocerus), 424.
pechueli (Asterope), 535.
— (Crenis), 535.
pectorale (Dicaeum), 214.
pectoralis (Crateroscelis), 227.
— (Dicrurus), 11.
— (Myzomela), 220.
Pedoclytes, 142.
pelarga (Papilio), 516.
— (Phaleratus), 516.
— (Precis), 500, 516, 517, 518.
pelargoides (Precis), 500, 517, 518.
pelasgis (Precis), 498, 520.
pelingensis (Ptilinopus), 34.
Peltops, 454.
penicillata (Bettongia), 319.
penricei (Asterope), 529, 530.
penumbrata (Iridobapta), 121.
peplus (Nitocris), 191.
Peratostega, 269.
peregrinus (Basitropis), 434.
perfulvata (Hypochroma), 350, 351.
pergrisea (Myrioblephara), 394.
periculosa (Poecilostigma), 361.
periophthalmicus (Monarcha), 455.
periscelis (Diaspila), 192.
Perixera, 367—369, 870—372.
persimilis (Hucus), 426.
perspicillata (Carpophaga), 15, 60.
— (Columba), 15.
— (Sericornis), 228.
perspicillatum (Hemiderma), 39.
perstriata (Ptilotis), 445.
perviridata (Hypochroma), 351.
petiverana (Danaida), 502.
— (Danais), 502.
Petrochelidon, 241.
Petrodava, 406.
Petroica, 467, 468.
phaeocephalus (Rhectes), 96.
phaeopus (Numenius), 17, 38, 62, 207.
— (Scolopax), 38.
phaeura (Apatenia), 418.
phaionotus (Myiolestes), 247.
— (Pachycephala), 106, 247.
Phalacrocorax, 254.
Phalaenoides, 487.
phalantha (Atella), 497, 505, 506.
Phaleratus, 332, 338, 340, 506, 508, 514, 516,
520, 526 —528, 536, 537.
Phazaca, 345.
Phibalapteryx, 264.
Philedon, 444.
Philemon, 56, 249, 449, 450.
Philognoma, 326, 328, 330, 331.
philonoé (Papilio), 497.
phlegyas (Teracolus), 493.
Phloeobius, 128.
Phloeotragus, 127.
Phloeus, 157.
phoebus (Charaxes), 540.
Phoenicocereus, 117.
Phoenicophaus, 24.
phoenicurus (Amaurornis), 37.
— (Rallus), 37.
phoeopus (Melanomys), 41
— (Oryzomys), 41.
Phonygama, 86.
Phonygammus, 65, 85—88.
phoreas (Papilio), 489, 490, 499.
Phrissogonus, 266,
Phrudophleps, 413.
Phryneta, 168, 175, 176.
phrynetoides (Poimenesperus), 169.
Phrynosoma, 298.
Phyllergates, 44, 58.
Phyllopneuste, 251.
Phylloscopus, 9, 10, 14, 251,
Pica, 31.
picata (Grallina), 246.
picta (Acmocera), 178.
— (Myrioblephara), 391.
— (Sternotomis), 165, 166.
— (Temnoscelis), 185.
pictiventris (Prosopocera), 18°.
picturatus (Litocerus), 420,
pictus (Decataphanes), 127.
Piezorhynchus, 51, 458.
pileatus (Monarcha), 242.
Pinacosterna, 164.
Pinarolestes, 99—101.
Pingasa, 352, 353.
Pionias, 4.
Pipridae, 117.
pisina (Agathia), 353.
Pisoraca, 369, 371.
Pisorhina, 20, 21, 22, 45
Pitohui, 93—99.
Pitta, 13, 26, 32, 57.
placens (Eopsaltria), 470
— (Poecilodryas), 470.
placentis (Hypocharmosyna), 5, 46.
plagiatrix (Prosopocera), 160.
Plagiomus, 171.
Plagionotulus, 145.
Planodema, 183.
plateni (Cinnyris), 29.
platessa (Antheraea), 311.
platydema (Hypolimnas), 524.
platyptera (Neptidopsis), 526.
platypus (Basitropis), 431.
Plectonarthron, 194.
Plectoneura, 385.
Plectorhyncha, 451.
Plegapteryx, 278.
plena (Graciella), 174.
plenimargo (Hypephyra), 406.
pleuricum (Hippopsicon), 186.
plicatus (Rhyticeros), 6, 47.
plumbea (Ptilotis), 444, 447.
plumbeiventris (Gymnocrex), 62.
plumbeodisca (Perixera), 368.
plumifera (Aegotheles), 201.
plumigenis (Philemon), 249.
— (Tropidorhynchus), 249.
pluto (Myzomela), 221.
Podargus, 198, 199.
Podiceps, 64.
Poecilalcis, 401.
Poecilodryas, 467—470.
Poecilostigma, 361.
poecilurus (Chalcococeyx), 240.
— (Chrysococcyx), 240.
poggei (Prosopocera), 160.
Poimenesperus, 168—171.
polinice (Byblia), 526, 527
— (Nymphalis), 526.
— (Papilio), 526.
— (Phaleratus), 526
poliocephala (Cryptolopha), 475.
— (Gerygone), 473, 475.
— (Glycichaera), 436.
Poliolimnas, 62.
polionotus (Astur), 233.
poliopse (Edoliisoma), 205.
polioptera (Melilestes), 437.
poliosoma (Pachycephala), 479.
— (Pachycephalopsis), 479.
pollens (Graucalus), 244.
polluta (Chlorochroma), 356.
polychloros (Vanessa), 511.
polyglotta (Hypolais), 25, 297.
polygramma (Ptilotis), 447.
polygrammica (Campephaga), 210, 245,
— (Lalage), 210, 245.
polyogenys (Abrornis), 475.
— (Cryptolopha), 475.
Polyrrhaphis, 187.
polyspila (Sternotomis), 165.
polytes (Papilio), 499.
polytrophus (Papilio), 488.
Pomareopsis, 93.
Pomatorhinus, 231.
Porphyrio, 252.
porteri (Testudo), 119.
poseidon (Troides), 499.
postica (Idiocalla), 139.
posticatus (Decataphanes), 127.
posticum (Apiogaster), 141,
Potos, 40.
praecipua (Ptilotis), 443, 447.
prasinaria (Epirrhoé), 273, 274.
Prasinocyma, 271.
Pratincola, 26, 468,
Precis, 494, 497—500, 508, 511—520.
prehensilis (Coerdon), 42.
presbytis (Cryptolopha), 10.
preussi (Euphaedra), 538.
priamus (Troides), 499.
princeps (Lagomys), 318.
Prionodura, 70.
Pristorhamphus, 217.
Problepsis, 370.
Procavia, 313, 314.
Prodomitia, 151.
Proechimys, 41.
profusa (Casbia), 401.
propinqua (Munia), 31.
Prorocorys, 267.
proserpina (Cinnyris), 55.
Prosopocera, 158—161, 183.
Prostenodes, 370.
protearia (Scotopteryx), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
Protogoniomorpha, 523.
protracta (Pseudacraea), 537.
proxima (Celerena), 348, 349.
— (Ptilotis), 448.
Psammophis, 299.
Psebium, 139.
Pseudacraea, 537.
Pseuderes, 138,
Pseudogerygone, 472, 473, 474.
pseudonireus (Papilio), 489,
Pseudoterpna, 349, 350.
Psittacus, 4, 5, 22, 46.
Pteridophora, 65, 71, 73.
Pterocyclophora, 122.
Pterotosoma, 345, 346.
Ptilinopus, 15, 33, 34, 59, 60.
Ptilinorhynchus, 65.
Ptilorhis, 73, 74, 89.
( 574 )
Ptilotis, 224, 436, 440—448.
Ptychopoda, 272, 371, 372.
publius (Charaxes), 327, 330.
— (Palla), 326, 327, 329.
pulchella (Lamia), 172.
— (Tragiscoschema), 172.
pulcher (Aegotheles), 51, 202. :
— (Eupetes), 229. 5
pulcherrima (Myzomela), 217.
pulchra (Macgregoria), 70.
— (Xyleutes), 307, 308.
— (Xystrocera), 135.
pulchrius (Dicaeum), 215.
pulcbrum (Latisternum), 155.
Pulex, 312—315, 319, 542. >
pumilio (Milionia), 484.
punctata (Eurythecodes), 277.
— (Microeca), 471.
puncticollis (Frea), 194.
— (Xenocerus), 429.
punctifimbria (Hemistola), 358.
— (Pyrrhaspis), 362.
punctimarginaria (Scotosia), 264.
punctulata (Chlorochroma), 357.
— (Prosopocera), 158.
purpurea (Paradromulia), 398.
purpureoviridis (Aniserpetes), 378.
pusilla (Alcyone), 6, 48.
— (Sericornis), 228, 480.
pusio (Nasiterna), 197.
pustulata (Apatenia), 418.
Pycnonotus, 451.
Pyenopygius, 451.
pygmaeus (Oeax), 156.
pygmaeum (Oedistoma), 436.
pylas (Alphitopola), 162.
pylodes (Alphitopola), 161, 162.
Pyrameis, 508, 510, 511.
pyramidum (Gerbillus), 254, 301.
pyriformis (Junonia), 517.
— (Precis), 500, 517, 518.
Pyrrhaspis, 362.
Pyrrhocentor, 24.
pyrrhopterus (Corvus), 59.
— (Lycocorax), 14, 53, 54, 59, 88.
Pyrrhorachis, 363.
pyrrhus (Eulepis), 311.
quadrilineatus (Sintor), 416.
quedenfeldti (Bangalaia), 162.
quichua (Coendou), 41, 42.
quinquelineata (Glenea), 190.
quoyi (Barita), 93.
— (Cracticus), 93.
radiata (Lamia), 160.
radjah (Anas), 64, 254. |
—- (Tadorna), 17, 64, 254,
raggiana (Paradisea), 82.
Rallina, 62.
Rallus, 37.
Rambara, 349.
ramuensis (Gerygone), 474.
rattus (Mus), 40.
rauana (Precis), 517.
rawakensis (Milionia), 486.
Rawasia, 128, 129, 452.
rayi (Motacilla), 296, 297.
rectans (Charaxes), 540.
rectaria (Casbia), 402.
Rectes, 93, 94, 96, 98.
rectifascia (Palla), 327.
reducta (Burgena), 487.
reductus (Ceratopsylla), 323, 324.
regalis (Acraea), 493.
— (Sternotomis), 164.
regia (Cicinnurus), 77.
regina (Heterusia), 484.
regis (Pulex), 312, 314.
regnatrix (Dysphania), 262.
regularis (Taxilepis), 403.
reichenowi (Clytus), 143.
reinwardti (Baza), 19, 21, 233
— (Reinwardtoenas), 16.
Reinwardtoena, 16, 61.
Reinwardtoenas, 16.
reinwardtsi (Columba), 16.
— (Reinwardtoena), 16, 61.
Reithrodontomys, 41.
Remodes, 267,
remotum (Edoliisoma), 208.
resplendens (Phalaenoides), 487.
reticulata (Striglina), 257.
reticulatus (Denticerus), 145.
rex (Meriones), 312, 313, 314.
— (Sternotomis), 165.
Rhaphidopsis, 163, 172, 173.
Rhectes, 96, 97, 98.
Rhinoprora, 266, 267, 376, 380.
Rhipidura, 8, 52, 53, 242, 243, 462 —455.
thodius (Acorynus), 420.
rhodochlora (Xylophanes), 482.
rhodogaster (Accipiter), 21.
— (Nisus), 21.
rhodoscelis (Callichroma), 195.
Rhomborista, 363.
Rbyticeros, 6, 47.
ribbei (Crenis), 520.
riciniata (Hos), 5.
riciniatus (Hos), 5, 46.
— (Psittacus), 5, 46.
riedeli (‘Tanysiptera), 48, 49.
riggenbachi (Gerbillus), 301.
ritsemae (Rawasia), 129.
robusta (Heteromiza), 411.
rochusseni (Neoscolopax), 13, 17, 63.
rochussenii (Scolopax), 17.
roratus (Eclectus), 4, 45.
(
75 )
rosa (Asterope), 534, 530.
— (Crenis), 535.
rosa-alba (Strepera), 5.
rosacea (Carpophaga), 34.
— (Columba), 34.
rosenbergi (Myzomela), 220.
roseopicta (Xanthorhoé), 265.
rosseliana (Gerygone), 474.
— (Tanysiptera), 45, 49.
rothschildi (Chrysocraspeda), 366.
— (Coendou), 39, 41.
— (Lepus), 285.
rotundata (Basitropis), 434.
— (Pachythalia), 371.
rubiana (Zygaenopsis), 312.
rubianus (Xenocerus), 420.
rubiensis (Manucodia), 56.
— (Monarcha), 460.
— (Pitohui), 94, 95.
— (Tchitrea), 460.
subra (Cubilia), 181.
— (Eugerygone), 474, 475.
— (Paradisea), 83.
— (Petrodava), 406.
— (Pseudogerygone), 47+.
rubrata (Tessarotis), 270.
rubrater (Cinnyris), 217.
— (Myzomela), 217.
rubricollis (Accipiter), 3.
rubrobrunnea (Myzomela), 13, 224.
rubrocoronatum (Dicaeum), 215.
rubrotineta (Myzomela), 13, 223, 224.
rudolphi (Paradisea), 83.
rugiceps (Habrissus), 420.
rufa (Baza), 2, 44.
— (Halcyon), 25.
rufescens (Aegotheles), 200.
— (Pyrrhocentor), 24.
rufibrunnea (Paradromulia), 395.
rufidorsa (Rhipidura), 465.
rufifascia (Chloroclystis), 350.
rufifrons (Gazella), 480.
— (Rhipidura), 8, 53.
— (Zosterops), 249, 250.
rufigrisea (Paradromulia), 395, 396.
rufiloris (Phoenicophaus), 24.
rufilunata (Pingasa), 352.
rufinucha (Pachycephala), 104, 100.
rufipennis (Pachycephala), 247.
rufipes (Mucronianus), 427, 428.
rufiplaga (Mesotrophe), 367.
rufipunctata (Anisogamia), 354,
rufiventer (Cuculus), 238.
— (Budynamis) , 235—238.
rufiventris (Apiogaster), 141.
— (Clostrocera), 141.
— (Coloburis), 13, 57.
— (Lalage), 245.
— (Pitta), 13, 57.
rufobrunnea (Crateroscelis), 227.
40
rufogaster (Colluricincla), 101.
— (Pinarolestes), 100, 101.
rufolateralis (Monarcha), 458.
— (Piezorhynchus), 458,
rufostrigata (Athene), 4, 45.
— (Ninox), 4, 45.
rufum (Bathmisyrma), 460.
rufus (Xenocerus), 428.
ruptiscripta (Rhinoprora), 267.
russatus (Xenocerus), 430.
rustica (Hirundo), 51, 241, 296, 297, 453.
saclava (Neptis), 497, 536.
sacra (Ardea), 253.
— (Demiegretta), 38, 63, 253.
sagra (Theocris), 183, 184.
Saimiri, 39.
Salamis, 497, 514, 515, 520—524.
salmacis (Hypolimnas), 524, 525.
salomonis (Mecocerina), +27.
— (Zygaenopsis), 312.
saltator (Calanthemis), 142, 145.
salvadorii (Aegotheles), 200.
— (Cinnyris), 251.
— (Budynamis), 235, 238.
— (Pachycephala), 107.
— (Poecilodryas), 469, 470.
— (Ptilotis), 443.
— (Sericornis), 227.
— (Stigmatops), 249.
sanctus (Haleyon), 6, 50,
sanghirense (Dicaeum), 28.
sangirensis (Macropygia), 35.
sanguinolenta (Certhia), 218.
—(Myzomela), 56, 218.
Sapayoa, 117.
saperdoides (Xenocerus), 429, 431.
Saphanidus, 131, 132.
Sarcinodes, 121.
Sarcopsylla, 312, 315.
sarita (Euphaedra), 538, 539.
sartorii (Xylotrechus), 143.
saturata (Hypotaenidia), 36.
saturataria (Anisogamia), 355.
— (Hypochroma), 350, 351.
— (Pseudoterpna), 350.
saturatior (Ptilotis), 445.
saturatus (Cuculus), 5, 46, 238.
saurophaga (Halcyon), 7, 50.
Saxicola, 295, 297.
scalata (Striglina), 257.
Scardamia, 405.
scardamiata (Heterodisca), 410.
— (Trochistis), 405.
Scenopoeetes, 68.
schaeneia (Antanartia), 508, 509, 510.
— (Hypanartia), 510.
schatzi (Buxanthe), 334.
chistaceiceps (Dicaeum), 12, 55.
( 576 )
schistaceus (Pitohui), 98.
— (Rhectes), 98.
schisticeps (Campephaga), 208.
— (Edoliisoma), 208.
Schlegelia, 77.
schlegelii (Pachycephala), 103, 104.
schoeneia (Hypanartia), 510.
— (Vanessa), 510.
schoenherri (Cordylomera), 138,
schokari (Psammophis), 299.
schousboei (Meriones), 285.
schwaneri (Cryptolopha), 473
scintillans (Oreta), 347.
— (Ptychopoda), 372.
— (Urogonodes), 347.
Scionomia, 404,
Sciurus, 40.
selateri (Graucalus), 206.
— (Myzomela), 222.
sclateriana (Amalocichla), 226,
Scolopax, 17, 37, 38.
scorta (Planodema), 183.
Scotopteryx, 275.
Scotosia, 264, 265, 275.
Scotothorus, 117, 118.
Scrobigera, 487.
scutellaris (Oxyhammus), 150.
scutellatus (Acanthodactylus), 298.
Scythrops, 6, 24, 47, 238.
sefilata (Parotia), 71, 72.
segmentata (Plegapteryx), 278.
— (Syndetodes), 278.
Seleucides, 75.
seleucides (Diphyllodes), 78, 79.
sellata (Tamanduas), 42.
sellatus (Litocerus), 424.
sellysii (Meriones), 284.
Semanotus, 139.
semifascia (Adeta), 377, 380.
semifemorata (Paroeme), 154.
seminigra (Holorista), 383.
seminotata (Chloroclystis), 382.
Semioptera, 43, 59, 80.
semirasata (Chloroclystis), 379.
semirufa (Clytus), 143.
semitypica (Precis), 520.
senegalensis (Plagionotulus), 145.
— (Xystrocera), 192.
senex (Corvus), 91.
— (Gymnocorvus), 91.
separata (Carpophaga), 34.
septentrionalis (Diphyllodes), 78, 79.
sepuleralis (Cacomantis), 23.
— (Cuculus), 23.
serena (Precis), 518.
seriata (Acridocephala), 153.
seriatus (Exocentrus), 18.
sericea (Loboparadisea), 65, 70, 71, 89.
— (Solpuga), 304.
Sericornis, 227, 228, 435, 480.
Sericulus, 69, 112, 113.
serraticornis (Solpuga), 304.
sesamus (Precis), 498, 514.
setosa (Muscipeta), 463.
— (Rhipidura), 242, 243, 463, 464.
sharpei (Edoliisoma), 209.
— (Pachycephala), 107.
— (Ptilotis), 442.
shelfordi (Eurypteryx), 482.
sierricola (Bixadus), 152.
sigillata (Poecilodryas), 470.
Sigmodon, 41.
signaticornis (Tragocephala), 176.
signifera (Pauresthes), 360.
simia (Precis), 497, 498, 500, 515, 516.
— (Salamis), 515.
similis (Apiogaster), 141.
— (Paroeme), 134.
— (Ptilotis), 442.
simonsi (Coendou), 42.
simplex (Myzomela), 13, 55, 56, 223, 224.
— (Oenochroma), 261.
— (Pisoraca), 369.
sinensis (Ardea), 253.
— (Ardetta), 253.
singularis (Zygoctenia), 401.
Sintor, 415, 416.
sinuata (Precis), 500, 517, 518.
Siphonaptera, 318.
siriella (Bordeta), 269.
sloetii (Campephaga), 209.
— (Campochaera), 209.
smithi (Cubilia), 180.
— (Pinacosterna), 164.
socius (Xylotrechus), 143.
solitarius (Monticola), 251.
— (Turdus), 251.
soloensis (Astur), 21, 45.
— (Falco), 45.
solomonensis (Eurystomus), 198.
Solpuga, 304, 305.
somalicus (Charaxes), 540,
sonoroides (Ptilotis), 443.
sophia (Precis), 513.
sordida (Aniserpetes), 378.
— (Striglina), 257.
soricina (Glossophaga), 39.
soror (Bangalaia), 162.
— (Pachycephala), 103.
sororcula (Pachycephala), 103.
sosia (Papilio), 488.
sparsilis (Frea), 178.
sparsipunctata (Epiplema), 259.
Spectroreta, 255, 256.
speracerus (Xenocerus), 42.
Sphecotheres, 245.
Sphenoeacus, 225.
spilodera (Aethomyias), 475.
— (Entomolphila), 475.
spiloderes (Calanthemis), 142.
( 577)
spilogaster (Ptilotis), 447.
spilopterus (Centropus), 234,
spilosa (Mecotropis), 415.
spilosus (Plagiomus), 171.
Spilotragus, 173.
spilotus (Discoceps), 179.
— (Xenocerus), 430.
spinator (Phryneta) ,-175.
spiralicornis (Solpuga), 304.
Spizaétus, 44.
splendida (Hypanartia), 309, 481.
splendidissima (Astrapia), 65, 76.
spodiogaster (Butorides), 253.
sporadis (Acorynus), 422, 423.
spurius (Derolus), 137.
squamata (Rhipidura), 243, 465.
— (Stigmatops), 249.
stagnatilis (Ardetta), 63.
--- (Butorides), 17, 63, 253.
staudingeri (Precis), 520.
Steirophora, 268.
Stenocharta, 388.
stenochioides (Metallyra), 131.
Stenodactylus, 298.
Stenomalus, 138.
stenura (Gallinago), 37.
— (Scolopax), 37.
stephani (Graucalus), 205.
stephaniae (Astrapia), 76.
Stephanocireus, 318, 319.
Sterna, 17, 38, 64, 297.
Sternotomis, 151, 159, 164-—166.
sthenodactylus (Stenodactylus), 298.
Stibarostoma, 372.
stictica (Amauris), 504.
stictocephalus (Pyenonotus), 451.
— (Pyenopygius), 451.
stigmatalis (Epiplema), 259.
Stigmatops, 249, 440.
stonei (Ailuroedus), 66.
Stoparola, 10.
straminea (Gonophaga), 418.
— (Striglina), 257.
streckeri (Amauris), 417, 504.
Strepera, 93.
Strepsilas, 62.
Streptocitta, 19, 31.
striata (Falcinellus), 76.
striatus (Hucus), 426.
— (Oriolus), 111.
striga (Xyleutes), 307, 483.
strigicosta (Rambara), 340.
Striglina, 257, 271.
strigosa (Teldenia), 256.
strigosus (Exocentrus), 189.
strigula (Henotesia), 493.
Strix, 22.
stuhlmanni (Zosterops), 50.
Sturnia, 58.
subaffinis (Tanygnathus), ai
subalaris (Amblyornis), 69.
— (Graucalus), 204.
subalbescens (Perixera), 368.
subapicata (Zethes), 125.
subearnea (Agathia), 353.
— (Turnaca), 120.
subcassia (Anticlea), 373.
subcristata (Baza), 2, 19, 21, 44, 233.
subcruciatus (Calanthemis), 142, 143.
subeyanea (Poecilodryas), 470.
subdivisa (Gasterocome), 390.
subfasciatum (Plectonarthron), 194.
subflava (Aplochlora), 383.
subfulvida (Sarcinodes), 121.
subfuscata (Leucetaera), 121.
subgriseata (Gonophaga), 410.
sublanuginosa (Perixera), 36%.
sublectata (Xylopteryx), 275
sublineata (Marpesia), 536.
sublineatus (Marpesia), 536.
sublustris (Gonanticlea), 375.
subpulchra (Gonophaga), 409, 410.
subrubella (Hypochroma), 351.
subrubescens (Antarchia), 407.
subrubida (Plectoneura), 385.
subrufaria (Epirrhoé), 273, 274.
subsimilis (Henotesia), 493.
subtrita (Myrioblephara), 394.
subtuberosus (Philemon), 450.
subvenusta (Anisogamia), 355.
subvinosa (Oreta), 255, 346.
sudestensis (Xenocerus), 429.
suffusa (Abraxas), 269.
— (Precis), 513.
Sula, 17, 254.
sula (Sula), 17, 254.
sulaénsis (Turacoena), 35.
sulaensis (Accipiter), 3.
sulcifrons (Margites), 135.
sulcirostris (Hypotaenidia), 36.
— (Microcarbo), 64.
— (Phalacrocorax), 254.
sulphurea (Alphit onal); 161.
sulphureus (Cassin ye 22.
— (Psittacus), 22.
sumatrana (Ardea), 38, 63.
sumbaénsis (Astur), 21.
sumbensis (Tanygnathus), 23.
superba (Lophorina), 72.
— (Ptilinopus), 59.
superbus (Ptilinopus), 15.
superciliaris (Cryptolopha), 473.
superciliosa (Colluricincla), 99.
superflua (Galerida), 296.
Surniculus, 47.
suturalis (Tragocephala), 168.
Syessita, 186.
sylvata (Abraxas), 269.
sylvestris (Astur), 20. :
sylvia (Sericornis), 439,
( 578 )
Sylvilagus, 42.
Syndere, 140.
Syndetodes, 278.
Synhomelix, 176.
Syntaracta, 384.
Tadorna, 17, 64, 254.
taeniata (Serobigera), 487.
taeniatus (Poimenesperus), 170.
tahitica (Hirundo), 453.
talautensis (Ptilinopus), 34.
Tamanduas, 42.
Tanaorhinus, 364.
Tantalus, 38.
Tanygnathus, 4, 19, 20, 22, 23, 45, 247.
Tanysiptera, 7, 48, 49, 50.
tappenbecki (Colluricinela), 100.
—- (Pinarolestes), 100)
taprobana (Alcedo), 25.
tarabuli (Gerbillus), 283, 301.
tarquinia (Pseudacraea), 537.
Tasitia, 502.
taveta (Precis), 519.
tavetensis (Charaxes), 541.
Taxilepis, 402, 403,
Tchitrea, 460.
Telenomeuta, 264.
Teldenia, 256.
telescophthalmus (Arses), 460, 461.
— (Muscicapa), 460.
temera (Calanthemis), 142.
temmincki (Coracias), 25.
Temnoscelis, 185.
temora (Salamis), 521.
tenera (Endemia), 357, 358.
tenuis (Apatenia), 419.
— (Calanthemis), 142.
tephnia (Argynnis), 507.
Tephroclystia, 376, 381, 274.
Teracolus, 493.
terea (Precis), 497, 518. |
terribilis (Ceratophyllus), 317. |
Tessarotis, 269, 270.
Testudo, 119.
tetradactylus (Tamanduas), 42.
Tetraulax, 182,183.
texata (Macrochia), 176.
thalassias (Halterophora), 253.
Thalagsodes, 263, 362, 364, 365.
Thamnocausta, 381.
theklae (Galerida), 296.
Theocris, 183.
theophane (Aterica), 538.
Therapis, 411, 412.
theresia (Cinnyris), 250, 251.
— (Hermotimia), 250.
thomasi (Stephanocireus), 318, 319.
thomensis (Acridoschema), 195,
— (Monochamus), 193,
ee
—*
thomensis (Pachystola), 194.
thomsoni (Clytus), 143.
— (Nyctopais), 168.
— (Poimenesperus), 170.
thoracica (Clerckia), 482.
threnothorax (Rhipidura), 463.
thyonneus (Marpesia), 535.
Thyrsoscelis, 123.
Thysanotricha, 264,
tianduana (Pachycephala), 248.
tiberius (Euxanthe), 332—335.
tibialis (Habrissus), 420,
— (Pachystola), 176.
tibullus (Papilio), 488.
tigrina (Columba), 35.
— (Turtur), 35.
tigris (Argynnis), 507.
timoriensis (Ardea), 253.
— (Herodias), 17, 253.
— (Lalage), 27.
Tinnunculus, 2, 21, 44.
tiridates (Charaxes), 493, 539.
Todopsis, 476, 477.
Todus, 477.
toliana (Apatenia), 417.
tolianus (Acorynus), 421.
Tolmera, 403, 404.
tolosa (Mycalesis), 493.
tommasonis (Edoliisoma), 206,
Tomolamia, 151.
Tophoderes, 129.
topotypes (Sciurus), 40.
torquatus (Astur), 19, 20, 21, 247.
— (Falco), 20.
— (Melidectes), 439.
torrida (Rhipidura), 8, 53.
torridaria (Auzea), 258.
— (Decetia), 258.
torta (Doratopteryx), 484.
Totanus, 37.
Trachytus, 156,
Tragiscoschema, 172.
Tragocephala, 151, 166—168, 176.
trajanus (Euxanthe), 332, 334, 335.
— (Godartia), 334.
— (Hypomelaena), 332.
transposita (Problepsis), 370.
Treron, 33.
triangularis (Brixia), 256.
— (Oeax), 156,
triangulifer (Uroplectes), 303.
Trichoglossus, 22.
Trichostoma, 30,
trichroa (Erythrura), 58,
— (Fringilla), 58.
tricolor (Apiogaster), 141.
— (Clostrocera), 141, 145.
— (Clytanthus), 144.
— (Muscicapa), 8, 52, 242, 462.
— (Podiceps), 64,
( 579 )
tricolor (Rhipidura), 8, 52, 242. 42
Tridrepana, 346.
trifascialis (Brixia), 257.
trigona (Clerckia), 312,
Trigonodes, 123.
trimaculata (Capnodes), 124.
trimeni (Asterope), 532, 533, 534.
— (Crenis), 532,
— (Precis), 497, 500, 515, 516,
Tringa, 37, 297.
Tringoides, 37, 62.
Triphosa, 265.
tripolitanus (Tropiocolotes), 298.
Tripteridia, 375, 376.
tripuncta (Nyctopais), 170.
Tristrophis, 268.
tritropha (Brixia), 257.
tritubereulata (Pachystoia), 194.
trivirgata (Cryptolopha), 473.
trivittata (Graciela), 174.
trobriandi (Pachycephala), 108,
Trochistis, 404, 405.
Troides, 499.
Tropidorhynchus, 56, 249, 449.
Tropiocolotes, 298.
tugela (Precis), 500, 517, 518.
tukuoa (Precis), 514, 515.
— (Salamis), 514.
tunetae (Eliomys), 301.
— (Lepus), 301, 302.
Turacoena, 35.
Turdus, 251.
Turnaca, 120.
Turnix, 26.
Turtur, 35.
tymbonomus (Cuculus), 239.
typica (Gazzola), 19, 31, 32.
Tyrannidae, 118.
umbrilinea (Paralecis), 400.
umbrimedia (Thalassodes), 365.
umbrina (Asterope), 553, 534,
— (Crenis), 533.
undulata (Acmocera), 179.
— (Epiplema), 345.
unicolor (Aulodina), 128.
— (Gazzola), 32.
— (Planodema), 183.
unifasciata (Acridoschema), 179.
uniformis (Paradromulia), 397.
unipuncta (Tanaorhinus), 364,
unistriga (Tristrophis), 268,
Upupa, 296, 297,
Uroderma, 40.
Urogonodes, 347,
Uroplates, 490.
Uroplectes, 303,
uropygialis (Ceyx), 6, 48.
— (Pitohui), 93, 94,
uropygialis (Rectes), 93.
— (Zosterops). 250.
Urospizias, 233.
ussheri (Charaxes), 320).
— (Palla), 326—331.)
— (Philognoma), 328.
ustimacula (Monobolodes), 344.
vacillans (Scrobigera), 487.
vadimonis (Crenis), 529.
vagabunda (Poecilostigma), 361.
validissimus (Corvus), 14.
validus (Corvus), 14, 59.
— (Opisthacanthus), 303.
Vampyrops, 40.
Vanessa, 499, 508, 510, 511, 519, 522.
Vanga, 95,
Varanus, 298.
varanes (Charaxes), 326, 539
yariabilis (Xenocerus), 430.
varians (Acridoschema), 179.
— (Hugnesia), 384.
— (Syntaracta), 384.
yariegata (Acridocephala), 153,
— (Bangalaia), 162.
— (Eos), 5.
— (Paradromulia), 396, 397.
— (Tragocephala), 167.
variegator (Lasiopezus), 154.
variegatus (Eos), 5.
— (Numenius), 17, 38, 62.
— (Tantalus), 38.
variolosus (Cacomantis), 239.
— (Cuculus), 239.
velleda (Eurytela), 526.
— (Neptidopsis), 526.
velutina (Phryneta), 168.
— (Poimenesperus), 169.
yeneris (Tristrophis), 268.
venus (Tragiscoschema), 172.
veronica (Hamanumida), 538.
verruca (Oxycaula), 133.
versicolor (Ptilotis), 443.
— (Scotopterix), 275.
— (Xylopteryx), 275.
yersteri (Pristorhamphus), 217.
verticalis (Monarcha), 458.
Vespertilio, 321, 324.
vicina (Testudo), 119.
victoriae (Ptilorhis), 73.
vidua (Xenocerus), 428.
viduata (Apatenia), 419.
vigorsi (Pitta), 26.
violacea (Sturnia), 58.
violaceus (Ptilinorhynchus), 65.
violascens (Mycalesis), 493.
violinitens (Charaxes), 331.
— (Palla), 326, 327, 329, 331, 332.
— (Philognoma), 331,
( 580 )
virens (Rhaphidopsis), 172.
virgatum (Hippopsicon), 187.
virgatus (Nisus), 21.
virginiensis (Pyrameis), 511.
viridaurea (Iodis), 359.
viridescens (Salamis), 521.
— (Saphanidus), 131, 132.
viridiflava (Microeca), 470, 471.
viridipennis (Calanthemis), 142.
— (Tanygnathus), 20, 22, 23.
viridis (Ailuroedus), 66.
— (Monarcha), 469.
— (Phrudophleps), 413.
viridula (Pyrrhorachis), 363.
visi (Ptilotis), 445, 446.
vittata (Bangalaia), 164.
— (Cordylomera), 138.
vivida (Myrioblephara), 395.
vivilaca (Aplochlora), 383.
vologes (Charaxes), 539.
vologeses (Charaxes), 539.
voluptuosus (Poimenesperus), 168, 170.
vulgaris (Byblia), 528.
— (Celerena), 348, 349.
— (Hypanis), 528.
— (Mycalesis), 493.
vulnerata (Nectarina), 219.
— (Myzomela), 219.
vulneratum (Dicaeum), 251.
Vulpes, 285.
vulpina (Oenoptila), 402.
wahlbergi (Tragiscoschema), 172.
wahnesi (Gerygone), 472.
— (Pseudogerygone), 472.
waigiuensis (Cryptolopha), 473.
wakefieldi (Euxanthe), 333, 337, 359—342.
wakolensis (Myzomela), 222.
walensensis (Panopea), 537.
— (Pseudacraea), 537.
wallacei (Aegotheles), 201,
— (Astur), 19, 20.
— (Hulipoa), 62.
— (Megapodius), 62.
— (Osmotreron), 33.
— (Semioptera), 43.
— (Testudo), 119.
— (Treron), 33.
wallacii (Paradisea), 59.
— (Semioptera), 59, 80.
— (Todopsis), 477.
wallengreni (Crenis), 531.
watersi (Dipodillus), 284.
waterstradti (Cryptolopha), 1, 9, 10, 43, 53
watsoni (Artibeus), 40.
watubela (Eulepis), 311.
websteri (Milionia), 485.
weiskei (Papilio), 481.
welwitschi (Tragiscoschema), 172,
westermanni (Muscicapula), 43, 52.
— (Precis), 512.
westringi (Plagionotulus), 145.
weymanni (Pinacosterna), 164.
whitelyi (Abraxas), 264.
wilhelminae (Lamprothorax), 7:3.
wilsoni (Schlegelia), 77.
witherbyi (Pulex), 542.
wolffsohni (Ceratopsylla), 321.
woodfordii (Bordeta), 269.
woodwardi (Dendrodorcopsis), 414.
Xantha (Leptoeme), 134, 135.
xanthogenys (Machaerivhynchus), 476.
xanthomelas (Doratopteryx), 484.
Xanthomelus, 69, 89.
xanthoptera (Diphyllodes), 78, 79.
Xanthorhoé, 265, 376.
xanthorrhoa (Iotreron), 34.
— (Ptilinopus), 54.
xanthoscia (Striglina), 257.
Xanthotis, 445, 446, 447.
xanthus (Spilotragus), 173.
( 581 )
xenoceroides (Mecocerina), 427.
Xenocerus, 428—431.
Xenospora, 265.
Xyleutes, 506—308, 482, 483.
Xylophanes, 482.
Xylopteryx, 275.
Xylothrecus, 144.
Xylotrechus, 143, 193.
Xystrocera, 135, 192.
Zamium, 140.
zarhinus (Vampyrops), 40.
zerda (Vulpes), 283.
Zethes, 125, 126.
ziczac (Acridocera), 180.
ziczacata (Thysanotricha), 264.
zonea (Milionia), 486.
zoolina (Charaxes), 542.
— (Nymphalis), 542.
zophoplecta (Xyleutes), 482.
Zosterops, 20, 29, 30, 57, 249, 250, 451—453.
Zygaenopsis, 312.
Zygoctenia, 401.
Zygodontomys, 40.
ERRATA.
P. 138, line 3 from above, read: 4 about half the length of 5.
» 483 , 16 ,,
? ”
Mydrothauma.
” ” ”
END OF VOL, X.
Printed by Hasell, Watson & Viney, Ld., London and Aylesbury.
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAR
HW Fournal of Zoology.
EDITED BY
Tue Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pa.D.,
ERNST HARTERT, anp Dr. K. JORDAN.
Issuep, Aprit 207TH, at THE ZooLocicaL Musnum, Trine.
Paces | —130.
PRINTED BY HAZELL, WAUSON & VINEY, Lo,, LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
1903,
ee ne EnnnEnnnnemenens=nsssmneed
bo
VOU; 7x:
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE
EDITED BY
WALTER ROTHSCHILD, ERNST HARTERT, and KARL JORDAN.
CONTENTS OF NO.
THE BIRDS OF THE OBI GROUP, CENTRAL
MOLUCCAS
ON THE BIRDS COLLECTED ‘on THE
TUKANG-BESI ISLANDS AND BUTON,
S.E. OF CELEBES, BY MR. HEINRICH
KUHN
ON A COLLECTION OF MAMMALS FROM
THE SMALL ISLANDS OFF THE COAST
OF WESTERN PANAMA , :
THE BIRDS OF BATJAN
NOTES ON PAPUAN BIRDS
ON A REMARKABLE NEW OLIGOMYODIAN
GENUS AND SPECIES FROM ECUADOR .
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF
GIGANTIC LAND TORTOISE FROM
INDEFATIGABLE ISLAND .
NEW MOTHS FROM BRITISH NEW GUINEA
SOME NEW AFRICAN ANVTHRIBIDAL
Eynst Hartert
Ernst Haviert
Oldfield Thomas
Kynst Hartert
W. Rothschild and
E. Hartert
Binst Haurtert
Walter Rothschild:
. 120—126
Vi 127-=)a0
W. Warven
K. Jordan
PAGES
1—17
18—58
39—42
43—64
65—116
. 117—118
119
ee
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAL.
HK Fournal of Zoology.
EDITED BY
THe Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pa.D.,
ERNST HARTERT, anp Dr. K. JORDAN.
IssuEp, Aucusr 25TH, AT THE ZooLocican Museum, TRIN@,
Paces 131—316. Prares I.—VIIT.
PRINTED BY HAZELL, WATSON & VINEY, Lv., LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
1903.
bo
10.
1
16,
: Vou. X.
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE
EDITED BY
WALTER ROTHSCHILD, ERNST HARTERT, and KARL JORDAN.
CONTENTS, OF NO. II.
AFRICAN CERAMBYCIDAL.
SOME NEW CERAMBYCIDAE COLLECTED BY
ALBERT MOCQUERYS ON THE ISLAND
OF ST. THOME, GULF OF GUINEA, WEST
AFRICA 2
NOTES ON PAPUAN SUES
ON THE BIRDS OF THE KEY AND SOUTH-
EAST ISLANDS, AND OF CERAM-LAUT .
NEW DREPANULIDAE, THY RIDIDAE, URANTII-
DAB, AND GHOMETRIDAE FROM THE
ORIENTAL REGION
NEW AFRICAN 7THYRIDIDAE AND GEOME-
TRIDAE IN THE TRING MUSEUM
LIST OF MAMMALS OBTAINED BY THE
HON. N. CHARLES ROTHSCHILD AND
THE HON. FRANCIS R. HENLEY IN
EGYPT (Puares VII. & VIII.)
REISE NACH DEM RIO DE ORO, JUNI BIS
AUGUST 1902 (Prare VI.) ;
LIST OF BIRDS COLLECTED AT RIO DE
ORO BY MR. F. W. RIGGENBACH
REPTILES FROM RIO DE ORO, WESTERN
SAHARA . ;
ON A SMALL COLLECTION OF MAMMALS
FROM THE RIO DE ORO, WESTERN
SAHARA . c
ON THE SCORPIONS, SOLIFUGAR, AND A
TRAPDOOR SPIDER, COLLECTED BY REV.
HENRI A. JUNOD, AT SHILOUVANE,
NEAR LEYDSDORP, IN THE TRANSVAAL
SOME NEW COSSIDAZ FROM QUEENSLAND,
BRED BY MR. F. P. DODD . ‘
SOME NEW BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS.
A COLLECTION OF FLEAS RECEIVED FROM
BARON CARLO VON ERLANGER AND
MR. OSCAR NEUMANN (Prats V.)
SOME NEW SPECIES OF MOTHS
Karl Jordan
Karl Jordan
W. Rothschild and
£. Hartert
Ernst Hartert
W. Warren .
W. Warren .
W. #, de Winton
FE. W. Riggenbach
Eynst Hartert
A, Giinther .
Oldfield Thomas .
W. F. Purcell
Walter Rothschild
Walter Rothschild
N. CO. Rothschild
Karl Jordan
PAGES
131—191
199—195
196—231
232—254
255—270
271—278
279—285
286—294
295—297
298—299.
300—302.
303—306
306—308
309—s12
312—315
315—316
Fo the ie
nT Se ee ee
-
»
g
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAR,
HM Fournal of Zoology.
EDITED BY
Tse Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pa.D.,
ERNST HARTERT, anv Dr. K. JORDAN.
No: 3.
Issuep, December 20TH, at THE ZooLocicaL Museum, Trina.
Paces 317—542. Puares [X.—XV.
PRINTED BY HAZELL, WATSON & VINEY, Lp., LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
1903,
bo
10.
11.
12.
Vou. X.
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE.
EDITED BY
WALTER ROTHSCHILD, ERNST HARTERT, and KARL JORDAN.
CONTENTS
FURTHER CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOW-
LEDGE OF THE S/PHONAPTERA
TX, GR SRN oe SNORE we
A MONOGRAPH OF CHARAXES AND THE
ALLIED PRIONOPTEROUS GENERA
(Concluded).
NEW URANIIDAE, DREPANULIDAE AND
{BOMETRIDAE FROM BRITISH NEW
GUINEA ;
PRELIMINARY DIAGNOSIS OF A NEW
GENUS AND SPECIES OF KANGAROO
NEW ORIENTAL ANTHRIBIDAE
NOTES ON PAPUAN BIRDS (Ptares XIII.
& XIV.) elie dre hati
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW _ SPECIES OF
GAZELLA (Prate XV.)
SOME NEW OR UNFIGURED LEPIDOPTERA
(Prares XI. & XII.) .
SOME NEW AFRICAN PAPILIOS
(PLATES
NOTE ON UROPLATES FIMBRIATUS
LICHENIUS Supsp. nov. . é . y
LEPIDOPTERA COLLECTED BY OSCAR
NEUMANN IN NORTH-EAST AFRICA
NOTE ON PULEX PALLIDUS Tason. .
OF. NO: TTI.
WV. O. Rothschild
W. Rothschild and
K. Jordan
W. Warren .
Walter Rothschild
Karl Jordan
W. Rothschild and
E.. Hartert
Walter Rothschild
W. Rothschild and
K.. Jordan
W. Rothschild and
K. Jordan
‘ Walter Rothschild
W. Rothschild and
K, Jordan
N.C. Rothschild
PAGES
317—325-
326—342
343—414
414
415—434
435—480:
480
aks
488—490-
490
491—542
542
uv
v
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE.
HM Journal of Zoology.
EDITED BY
Toe Hon. WALTER ROTHSCHILD, Pa.D.,
Dr. ERNST HARTERT, anp Dr. K. JORDAN.
Paces 543—581. Pratt XIV.
PRINTED BY HAZELL, WATSON & VINHY, Lp., LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
1903,
1.
2.
3.
Vou. X.
NOVITATES ZOOLOGICAE.
EDITED BY
WALTER ROTHSCHILD, ERNST HARTERT, and KARL JORDAN.
CONTENTS OF NO. IP.
NOTE ON DENDRODORCOPSIS WOODWARDI . Walter Rothschild .
NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES DESCRIBED
IN VOLUMES I. TO X. OF NOVATATES
ZOOLOGICAH, A, VERTEBRATA
INDEX TO VOLUME X.. ‘ 4 : ; : , ; °
(TITLE-PAGE AND CONTENTS OF VOLUME X.)
PAGE
543
543
552
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