VOLUME 12 NUMBER 2 VOLUME 12 NUMBER 19 9 8 DEDICATED TO PAUL G. WILSON Western Australian Herbarium Department of Conservation and Land Management Western Australia NUYTSIA Published by the Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 1 04, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. All papers should be submitted to Dr Barbara Rye, Editor, Nuytsia. Email: Barbarar@calm.wa.gov.au SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS UNIT Coordinator: K.F. Kenneally Editor: M.R.L. Lewis Assistant Editor: J.W. Searle The journals Nuytsia and CALMScience are products of the Science Publications Unit which links the work of two CALM divisions: CALMScience and Corporate Relations. They form part of the latter's Programs and Publications section. Their purpose is to present the scientific work of CALM to a professional readership on a regular basis. NUYTSIA EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE B.L. Rye (Nuytsia Editor) J.R. Wheeler (Assistant Editor) B.J. Lepschi T.D. Macfarlane N.G. Marchant J.W. Searle (Editorial Assistant/Page Preparation) ENQUIRIES Enquiries regarding distribution and subscriptions should be addressed to the Marketing Manager, Corporate Relations Division, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 29, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. Phone: (08) 9334 0296 Fax: (08) 9334 0498 © Copyright CALM, 1 998. ISSN 0085-44 1 7 All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia CONTENTS Page Dedication to Paul Graham Wilson. By N.G. Marchant 161 Beaufortia aestiva (Myrtaceac): a new species from the northern kwongan of the South-West Botanical Province, Australia. By K.J. Brooks, A. A. Burbidge and A.S. George 163 Sphaerolobium puhescens and Sphaerolohium rostratum (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae), new species from Western Australia. By R. Butcher 171 Brachylowa nguba (Epacridaccae), a new species from the south-west of Western Australia. By R.J. Cranlield 179 Xanthosia eichleri, a new species of Apiaceae from Western Australia. By J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood 185 Notes on the genus Lepidium (Brassicaceae) in Western Australia, including recognition of a new species, L amelum. By B.J. Lepschi 191 Three new triggerplant species in Stylidium subgenus Centridium (Stylidiaceae) from Western Australia. By A. Lowrie and K.F. Kenneally 197 A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae). By B.L. Rye and M.E. Trudgen 207 Anthotium odontophyllum (Goodeniaceae), a new species from Western Australia. By L.W. Sage 229 New subspecies of Goodenia drummondii and G. laevis (Goodeniaceae) from the south-west of Western Australia. By L.W. Sage 233 A taxonomic review of the genera Eriostemon and Philotheca (Rutaceae; Boronieae). By Paul G. Wilson 239 New species and nomenclatural changes in Phebalium and related genera (Rutaceae). By Paul G. Wilson 267 Short Communications Taxonomy of Diplopeltis huegelii (Sapindaceae). By G.J. Keighery 289 A new subspecies of Grevillea variifolia (Proteaceac). By G.J. Keighery 293 Two new synonyms in the genus Pityrodia (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae). By B.L. Rye and M.E. Trudgen 297 Status and identification of Goodenia filiformis (Goodeniaceae). By L.W. Sage and J.P. Pigott 501 The name Leplorhynchos linearis and the type of Leptorhynchos (Asteraceae). By Paul G. Wilson 303 Con.servation Codes for Western Australian Flora 307 Publication date ot' Nuytsia Volume 12 Number I 307 Notes for Authors 308 Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Cover Nuytsia floribunda (Labill.) R. Br. ex Fenzl (Loranthaceae) - the Western Australian Christmas Tree is one of the few arborescent mistletoes in the world. This endemic tree is a semi-parasite common in sandy soil from the Murchison River to Israelite Bay. The journal is named after the plant, which in turn commemorates Pieter Nuijts, an ambassadorof the Dutch East India Company, who in 1627 accompanied the “Guide Zeepard” on one of the first explorations along the south coast of Australia, Cover design by Sue Marais Photograph A. S. George Nuytsia 12(2):161(I998) 161 DEDICATION TO PAUL GRAHAM WILSON This issue of Nuytsia is dedicated to Paul Graham Wilson to recognize the enormous contribution he has made to Australian plant taxonomy and to celebrate his 70th birthday in 1998. Although Paul retired from the Western Australian Herbarium on January 2, 1 993 he has continued to maintain his high productivity, dedicating most of his time to taxonomic research on the Western Australian tJora. In addition to his systematic studies he has made a major contribution to the Herbarium effort towards maintaining a comprehensive census of the State llora, extending well beyond his expertise in Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae and Rutaceae. Paul has been the most prolific contributor to Nuytsia since the inaugural issue published on December 1, 1970 and it is fitting that this issue is dedicated to his productivity. The very first paper in TVwytx/a Volume 1 was on the systematicsofthree genera of Rutaceae. Paul has continued to publish his taxonomic revisions of genera in this family as well as in Asteraceae in the present volume. Dr Neville G. Marchant, Director, Western Australian Herbarium 162 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia 12(2):163-169(1998) 163 Beaufortia aestiva (Myrtaceae): a new species from the northern kwongan of the South-West Botanical Province, Australia K.J. Brooks', A. A. Burbidge^ and A.S. George' 'Biological Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia 6150 - Department of Conservation and Land Management, Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 51, Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065 Abstract Beaufortia aestiva (Myrtaceae), a new species from the northern kwongan of the South-West Botanical Province, Australia. Nuytsia 12 (2); 163-169 (1998). Beaufortia aestiva K.J. Brooks is described and illustrated. It is closely allied to B. squarrosa Schauer and was previously determined as this species. Extending south from Eurardy Station to Eneabba and south-east to Tammin, it prefers shallow sand on a lateritic substrate. It is cultivated in the Perth metropolitan region and flowers abundantly from October to February. Introduction The species described here as Beaufortia aestiva occurs in the northern kwongan of the South-West Botanical Province of Western Australia. The genus SeaM/orti'a R. Br. is endemic in Western Australia (Lamont etal. 1 984) and is confined to the South-West Botanical Province, except B. dampieri A. Cunn. which extends into the Eremean Botanical Province in the Shark Bay area. Brown (1812) described the genus, naming it in honour of Mary Somerset, Duchess of Beaufort and owner of two botanic gardens (Wrigley & Fagg 1993). A member of the Myrtaceae, the genus Beaufortia is in the subfamily Leptospermoideae and is placed in the Me/a/eMca suballiance within {huLeptospermum alliance. This is an informal classification proposed by Briggs & Johnson ( 1 979) which is likely to undergo revision with increasing knowledge (Johnson & Briggs 1984; Gadck et al. 1996). The genus is closely allied to Regelia Schauer. The two differ in that members of Regelia have four ovules per locule, and anthers that open outwards in longitudinal slits. Beaufortia has one ovule per locule, and there arc transverse slits at the apex of the anther (Marchant et al. 1987; Wrigley & Fagg 1993). Members of Beaufortia share the characteristics of Johnson & Briggs’s (1984) Beaufortia infra-alliance: five petals and five staminal bundles attached at the rim of a hypanthium, each staminal bundle and petal being opposite one of the five sepals; a pubescent perigynous ovary and filiform style with a small stigma; and filaments with basifixed anthers. !64 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Until now, collections of B. aestiva have been included in the species B. squarrosa Schauer, both species having ciliale anthers, petals and sepals, glabrous staminal claws and filaments, and squarrose foliage. Beaufortia squarrosa was described by Schauer in 1844. Ludwig Preiss collected the type specimen from the Canning River in 1841, recording ‘Buno’ as the aboriginal name (Schauer 1845). The species extends as far north as Encabba and south to the Whicher Range. Examination of material previously considered to be B. squarrosa has resulted in the recognition of a new species B. aestiva which is described in this paper. Andrew Burbidge first recognized B. aestiva informally as B. sp. aff. squarrosa. Methods Wherever possible, measurements were taken from fresh material or material preserved in formalin- acetic-alcohol (FAA), but some measurements were obtained from dried and detergent-softened herbarium specimens. There was no discernible difference between the measurements taken from differently treated specimens. Where length and width are recorded, these refer to the longest and widest section of the organ in question. Plants were observed in the field to determine habit and some ecological aspects. Material housed at the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH) was examined as was Andrew Burbidge’s collection currently housed at the Wildlife Research Centre, Department of Conservation and Land Management. The holotype specimen of B. squarrosa was located (at LD) and a photograph will be lodged in the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH). The distributions of both B. squarrosa and B. aestiva were mapped using latitudinal and longitudinal data provided with the collections. Collections with a general locality were not mapped but fall within the range indicated by the other collections. The Latin description was prepared using Steam (1992) as a reference. Description Beaufortia aestiva K.J. Brooks Frutex 0.7-2 m alta. Ramuli pubescentes cum maturitate glabrescentes. Folia opposita, decussata, subsessilia, ad basin introrsa, supra recurva, late obovata; lamina 4-11 mm longa, .3-7 mm lata, includcns marginem quinquenervia. Hypanthium 2.5-4 mm longum, glabrum vel sparsim puberulum. Sepala late triangularia, trinervia, ciliata, glabra. Petala anguste elliptica, 4. 3-5.5 mm longa, 1.4-2. 6 lata, membranacea, glabra, alutacea ad armcniaca. marginibus involutis, ciliatis. Fasciculus staminalis 18-33 mm longus, ad dimidium divisus staminibus 5-7, glaber, luteolus ad flammeus; filamentum longissimum 1 8-34 mm longum, brevissimum 14-16 mm longum; anthcrarum margo apicalisciliatus. Stylus ruber, 21-29 mm longus, stamina aequans vel excedens. Fructus persistens, 7-9 mm longus, 6-8 mm latus, 2-16-fasciculalus, saepe circa 8, rasilis, glaber, fuscus. Semina alata, 5-6 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata. Typits: 4 km north of Binnu on old section of highway to the west of North West Coastal Highway, Western Australia, latitude 28‘’0rS, longitude 1 14°40'E, 25 December 1996, K.J. Brooks 96004 (holo: PERTH 0495 1719; iso: CANS, K, NSW), K.J. Brooks et at., Beaufortia aestiva, new species from northern kwongan of S-W Botanical Province 165 Dense rounded or spreading shrub 0.7-2 m tall and to 2 m across. New branchlets pubescent, glabresccnt with maturity. Leaves opposite, decussate, adjacent pairs overlapping, shortly petiolate; blade introrsc at base becoming recurved, obovate to broadly obovate, 4-1 1 mm long, 3-7 mm wide, having an obtuse to slightly cuspidate apex, distinctly 5(-9)-veined including margin, glabrous; abaxial surface prominently punctate. Inflorescence terminal, subglobular, 35-45 mm across; flowers c. 12-25, all male, all bisexual, or both together. Hypanthium turbinate, 2.5-4 mm long, glabrous to sparsely puberulous with glossy colourless lo white hairs. Sepals broadly triangular, 1.25-3.3 mm long, 1-3.5 mm wide, coriaceous, 3-veined, ciliate (most pronounced towards base); external surface of the lobes glabrous, smooth, green lo pale yellowish-green, the internal surface with an indumentum of sparse, appressed, soft, glossy, simple trichomes. Petals narrowly elliptic, 4. 3-5. 5 mm long, 1.4-2. 6 mm wide, membranous, glabrous, cream to pale orange-red, deeper colouring confined to central area of petals; margins involute on fresh specimens, ciliate. Staminal bundles 1 8-34 mm long, divided halfway into slender claw and free filaments, glabrous, yellow with red band on claw to deep red throughout; bundles consisting of 5-7(10) filaments of unequal length, the longest filament (including claw) 18-34 mm long, the shortest 14-16 mm long; number of filaments per bundle variable within the same flower; apical margin of anthers ciliate. Style red, 21-29 mm long, level with or exceeding longest stamen by up to 4 mm. Fruits persistent, 7-9 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, in clusters of 2-16, frequently c. 8, smooth, glabrous, silvery brown. Seeds one per locule, winged, 5-6 mm long, 1-1 .5 mm wide. (Figure 1 ) Selected specimens examined (all at PERTH). WESTERN AUSTR.'\LIA: 7 km SSE of Junga Dam, Kalbarri Natl Park, S.D. Hopper 1260; 37 km W of North West Coastal Highway on Kalbarri road, R.J. Hnatiukl%{)?>5%\ 25 km Eof Binnu, C.A. Gardner 12314; East Yuna [Nature] Reserve, B.G. Muir 429 (3. 10); 8.8 km S on Moore Road from turnoff on Gerald ton-Mullewa road, K.F. Kenneally 1 1 132; 25kmEofYandanooka,A. Carr 165; 8 km SW of Mt Campbell (between Three Springs andMorawa), L.A. Craven 7006; 3 km W of Lake Indoon, E.A. Griffin 3029 & M. Blackwell', [Reynoldson] Reserve, SE of Kondut, A.S. George 508; Tammin, C.A. Gardner 1111. Distribution. Beaufortia aestiva is distributed throughout the north-western region of the extra-dry mediterranean bioclimatic zone (Beard 1984). Relatively small populations are found in clusters extending north from Tammin to the vicinity of Kalbarri National Park (between latitudes 27"20'S and 31°30'S). A large number of populations have been recorded between Kalbarri, Binnu, Yuna and Mullcwa. A cluster of populations has been recorded from Mingenew and another around Three Springs. Several populations occur from approximately 35 km north to 25 km south of Eneabba. Four collections have been recorded from Wongan Hills. Several collections were made near Tammin up to 1921 but only one since then, the collector noting a single plant (Livesey, W of Tammin, 8 Nov. 1 994, L. Atkins HLA 181, PERTH). The species is also known from a single col lection north of Eurardy Station (latitude 26"58'57 "S, longitude 1 13“ 5 r47''E). The discontinuity in the clusters of B. aestiva from Mingenew to 'rammin may be a result of clearing for agriculture, the localities being within the midwest whcatbell, but ecological aspects have not been studied. (Figure 2) Habitat. Beaufortia aestiva usually grows on the upper slopes or ridges of undulating sandy plains. These are commonly deep yellow or brown sands formed over a laterite substrate. The species has also been recorded growing in shallow grey sand over a limestone cap. Closed heath to low shrubland predominates on these soils and B. aestiva grows amongst species of Actinostrobus, Verticordia, Hakeu, Calotliamnus, Eremaea, Acacia, Banksia and emergent Grevillea spp. or Xylomelum angiistifolium. Phenology. The peak flowering period is between October and February; but B. aestiva flowers from July to late March, and has been collected once at Ajana Dowering in May. Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) 1 66 Figure 1 . Beauforiia uestiva. A - portion of llowcring branchlet, B - single flower, C - single leaf .showing main venation, D - seed capsule, E - seed. Drawn by Christine McCotnb from material cultivated at Kings Park and Botanic Garden. K.J. Brooks et al, Beaufortia aesliva, new species from northern kwongan of S-W Botanical Province 167 Figure 2. Distribution of Beaufortia aestiva 0 and B. squarrosa O- Conservation status. Beaufortia aestiva is not considered rare or threatened. Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin adjective aestivus (of summer), in reference to its abundant ilowering over the summer period. Biology. Much of the biology of B. ae.ttiva is unknown. The species is bradysporous, retaining its fruits for at least three years, possibly longer. Field observations have shown no dehiscence of the capsule while it is retained on the plant . Not surprisingly, the number of fruits in a cluster tends to be indicative of the ratio ol bisexual to male flowers; thus, specimens from the Eneabba area generally have fewer male flowers per inflorescence and larger clusters of fruits. However, the ratio of male to bisexual flowers is variable throughout the species distribution. Both wasps and bees (unidentified) have been observed feeding from the Bowers in the field. The plants are non-lignotuberous, being killed by fire and regenerating from seed. Cultivation. Already cultivated in the Perth metropolitan region, the species makes a good ornamental shrub due to its dense, rounded, habit and large showy Bowers throughout much of the year. 168 Nuylsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Variation. Within B. aestiva stamen colour varies from a biscuit-yellow to deep red throughout its range. The yellow form is most common in northern populations. Variation is also seen in the number of filaments per staminal bundle In some specimens collected from north of Yuna to north-north-cast of Eurardy Station {F.W. Went 54; B.G. Muir 429), the number of stamens increases from 5-7 per bundle to 7-9 per bundle, although occasionally 6 or 10 occur. This variation is most easily seen in specimens in A. A. Burbidge's collection (D.J. Mell 2, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 1 1). Specimens from the Eneabba area have a tendency towards broadly obovate and slightly larger, more recurved leaves than those found in other populations. In addition, the leaves are commonly distinctly 7-veined (C. Chapman 1975; H. Demarz D3386), including the margin, as opposed to the more usual 5 veins. In some specimens 9 veins are present on some leaves, in others there appears to be a seasonal change between 5- and 7-veined leaves {E.A. Grijfin 3029; R.J. HnatiukllQOQ%). The Eneabba populations also show a tendency towards larger fruit clusters, commonly having 13 to 16 fruits in acluster. It is possible that further work on the species would yield subspecies or at least variants of B. aestiva. Cytological studies on B. squarrosa by Rye (1979) included specimens now considered to be B. aestiva as well as true B. squarrosa. These were found to have a haploid number of 8 or a diploid number of 1 6 chromosomes- a specimen from Yuna was recorded as c. 8. However, the specimens used in the study did not cover all the variation in stamen number or venation mentioned above. The specimens of B. aestiva used by Rye ( 1 979) are databased in PERTH as B.L Powell 74075 & 74097 and B.L. Rye 76018. Affinities. Until now, collections of B. aestiva have been determined as B. squarrosa. With closer examination the new species is clearly different. Beaufortia aestiva is most readily distinguished from B. squarrosa in the following ways. Leaves lend to be more broadly obovate, brighter green and are introrse only at the base; the hypanthium is glabrous as opposed to pubescent in B. squarrosa, and the ratio of tube to sepal length is c. 2: 1 rather than 1 : 1 ; the calyx lobes arc broadly triangular rather than triangular; although the staminal bundles of both species are of similar length, the claw to free filament ratio is 1: 1 in 5. aestiva and 2: 1 in B. squarrosa and there is an increase in stamen number from 3 or 4 stamens per bundle in B. squarrosa to 5-7 stamens (occasionally to 10) per bundle; the fruit is larger at 7-9 mm long and 6-8 mm wide, whereas the fruits of B. squarrosa is 4-6 mm long and 4-5.5 mm wide; the number of fruits in a cluster is commonly greater in the new species. In the field, B. aestiva tends to have a denser habit than B. squarrosa. Acknowledgements Dr Neville Marchant, director of the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH), allowed access to the herbarium collection. We are grateful to Christine McComb for preparing the botanical illustration and to Grady Brand, of Kings Park and Botanic Garden, for providing the cultivated material used for illustrative purposes. Associate Professor Jen McComb, Murdoch University, gave enthusiastic assistance. K..I. Brooks et al., Beaufortia aestiva, new species from northern kwongan of S-W Botanical Province 169 References Beard, J.S. (1984). Biogcography of the Kwongan. /n: Pate, J.S, & Beard, J.S. (eds) “Kwongan Plant Life of the Sandplain.” (University of Western Australia Press; Nedlands.) Briggs, B.G. & Johnson, L.A.S, (1979). Evolution in the Myrtaceae - evidence from inflorescence structure. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 102; 157-256. Brown, K. (1812). Genera et species quaedam plantarum Myrtaccarum quae in Horto Kewensi coluntur. Aiton’s “Hortus Kewensis” 2nd edn. IV; 410-^19. (Longman et at.: London.) Gadek, P.A., Wilson, P.G. & Quinn. C.J. (1996). Phylogenetic reconstruction in Myrtaceae using mat K with particular reference to the position of Psiloxylon and Heteropyxis. Australian Systematic Botany 9; 283-290. Johnson, L.A..S. & Briggs. B.G. (1984). MyrUilcs and Myrtaceae - a phylogenetic analysis. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 71; 700-756. Lament, B.B., Hopkins, A.J.M. & Hnatiuk, R.J. (1984). The flora composition, diversity and origins. In: Pate, J.S. & Beard, J.S. (eds) “Kwongan Plant Life of the Sandplain." (University of Western Australia Press; Nedlands.) Marchant. N.G., Wheeler, J.R., Rye B.L., Bennett. E.M., Lander, N.S. & Macfarlane, T.D. (1987). “Flora of the Perth Region.” Part 1. (Western Australian Herbarium; Perth.) Rye, B.L. (1979). Chromosome number variation in the Myrtaceae and its taxonomic implications. Australian Journal of Botany 27: 547-573. Schauer, J.C. (1845). Dissertatio phytographica de Regelia, Beaufortia et Calothamno, generibus plantarum Myrtacearum. Nova acta Academiue Caesareae Ixtopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 21; 1-32. Steam, W.T, (1992). “Botanical Latin.” 4(h edn. (David and Charles; Newton Abbot. Devon.) Wrigley, J.W & Fagg, M. (1993). “Bottlebrushes Paperbarks and Tea Trees, and all Other Plants in the Leptospermum Alliance.” (Angus and Robertson; Sydney.) 170 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia 12(2):171-178(1998) 171 Sphaerolobium pubescens and Sphaerolobium rostratum (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae), new species from Western Australia Ryonen Butcher Department of Botany, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6907 Abstract Butcher, R. Sphaerolobium pubescens and Sphaerolobium rostratum (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae), new species from Western Australia. Nuytsia 1 2 (2): 1 7 1- 1 78 ( 1 998) . Two new species of Sphaerolobium from the south-west of Western Australia are here described and distinguished from similar species. Sphaerolobium pubescens R. Butcher is a yellow-flowered species possessing spreading white hairs on the calyx, bracts, bracteoles and pedicel and Sphaerolobium rostratum R. Butcher has a pink and cream corolla and a distinctive rostrate apex to the keel petal. Introduction As currently recognized, the genus Sphaerolobium Sm. (Leguminosae: Mirbelieae) contains 14 species, 1 1 of which are endemic to the south-west of Western Australia and occur between Kalbarri in the north and Israelite Bay in the east, wilh a marked concentration along the south coast between Margaret River and Albany. Of the three species found in the eastern states, only S. vimineum Sm. also grows in Western Australia, 5. acanthosCiKp being restricted to the Grampians in Victoria and S. minus Labill. being found in New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory (Hnatiuk 1 990; Crisp 1993, 1994). Whilst some recent work has been performed by Crisp (1993, 1994) on members of the group from the eastern states, the genus has not been reviewed in full since Bentham’s treatment in “Flora Australiensis” ( 1 864) and there are still a number of unresolved problems wilh the Western Australian taxa. This paper is presented as the first in a series which will deal with some of the more problematic areas and pressing changes required in the taxonomy of Sphaerolobium. It provides descriptions of two new south-western Australian species that were found while preparing a cladistic analysis and revision of the genus. Methods All specimens housed at PERTH were examined and photographs of type material borrowed from Dr M.D. Crisp ( ANU) were sighted for 22 of the 24 names listed in “Australian Plant Name Index” (Chapman 1991 ). 172 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Taxonomy Sphaerolobium pubescens R. Butcher, sp. nov. Species calyce viridi-griseo pilis albis patulis, corolla lutea, stipite ovarii latissimo a congeneribus diversa. Typiis: Between road and firebreak, 5. 1 km south along theChorkarup-Narrikup road from Chorkarup Rd, Western Australia, 18 November 1996, R. Butcher, J. Wege & F. Valton RB 24 {holo: PERTH 04896610; iso: CANB). Subshrub to 0.45 m, up to 0.3 m wide, erect; stems slender, terete. Stipules absent. Leaves opposite to more or less whorled, sessile, linear-subulate, c. 1 .5 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide, acute, caducous before flowering. Inflorescence a dense terminal raceme, basipetal flowering, c. 50 mm long, 20-3 1 -flowered, 2 Bowers per bract. Pedicels c. 1.5 mm long. Rractj caducous. Bracteoles ovate, c. 1.6 mm long, c. 0.7 mm wide, pubescent, caducous. Calyx grey-brown, turbinate, 2.5-4 mm long, with spreading white hairs, the tube much shorter than the upper lip; upper lip fused along c. 60% of its length, 2-2.5 mm long, broadly curved; lower lobes lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm long. Corolla yellow; standard broadly cordate, 4-6 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, including abroadly triangularclaw ofO.3-0.6 mm length, this with Bat margins and without callosities, I he blade emarginate and auriculate, the eye barely visible with a halo of red-purple; wings broadly spathulate to oblong, 4.5-5 .5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, including a claw of c. 0.5 mm length, the apex of the blade obtuse, the adaxial spur sharply angled; keel shorter than the wings, 3-4.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, including anarrow claw of c. 1 mm length, the whole not pouched, the apex truncate to obtuse, the adaxial edge straight, oblique, the spur small, the abaxial edge gently arcuate. Stamens with filaments 2-3 mm long; anthers rotund, versatile, dorsifixed, 0.35-0.45 mm long. Gynoecium 6-7 mm long including the distinct broad stipe (c. 1 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide) and the style (3-4 mm long); ovary glabrous, uniformly pale yellowish green; style geniculate, curving adaxially towards ovary, with an undulate, more or less semicircular (0.6-0.8mmlong,0.4-0.6mm wide),fringedsubapical wing; stigma shortly tufted. PoJatfirstyellow, brown at maturity, orbicular, broader than long, 2.5-3 mm long, 3 mm wide, obliquely angled towards style. Seed black at maturity, more or less oval, c. 1 .2 mm long, 1 .5 mm wide, without an aril, testa smooth. (Figure lA-H) Other specimens examined . WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 5. 1 km S along Gull Rock Rd from Lower King— Nannarup road, 10 Oct. 1997, R. Butcher & J. Chappill JC 5892 (PERTH); Nutcracker Rd, 600 m W of Denmark-Mount Barker road, 19 Nov. 1996, R. Butcher, J. Wege & F. Valton RB 30 (PERTH); 16kmNofAlbanyonHassclHwy,2l Oct. 1983, M.G. Cornc/c8879(MEL);LakeRd,NWLakeWilliam, West Cape Howe, 3 Nov. 1 990, G. 7. Keighery 1 1978 (PERTH); 6 km Eof WarriupHill, 23 Oct. 1975, K.R. Newhey 4886 (PERTH); Walpole-Nornalup National Park, Nut Rd, c. 0.5 km N of junction with Ficifolia Rd, 1 6 Oct. 1 99 \J.R- Wheeler 2786 (PERTH). Distribution. S. pubescens has been found in the Walpole-Nornalup National Park, near Mt Lindesay and Narrikup, in West Cape Howe National Park and east of Albany near Ledge Beach and Warriup Hill in the Green Range. (Figure 2A) Habitat. S. pubescens has been collected from gently undulating areas with well drained sand over clay and relatively high moisture availability, as well as seasonally wet swamp Bats. Habitats include low heath communities and sparse, mixed Casuarina! Eucalyptus woodland, sometimes with scattered Nuytsia floribunda and Banksia coccinea. Associated vegetation includes Pimelea &pp.. Xanthorrhoea preissii, X. gracilis, Dasypogon hromeliifolius, mixed sedges and myrtaceous shrubs. R. Butcher, Sphaerolobium piibescens and S. rostrutum, new species from WA 173 Figure I. Sphaerotabiiiin pubescens. A - single flower showing spreading hairs on the calyx and pedicel; B - standard petal; C - wing petal; D - keel petal; H - two huds illustrating the spreading hairs on the bracteoles, F - gynoecium indicating the short, hroad stipe and the broad, fringed stylar wing below the stigma; G - undulating stylar wing and shortly tufted sligma; II - niature seed. .Scale bar = I mm. Drawn from R. Bulcher, J. We^ijc & F. Valton UB 24. 174 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Phenology. S. puhescens i'lowers from October through November and sets fruit from November to January. Conservation status. Although recent collection of S. puhescens has expanded its known range somewhat and two populations are in national parks, a Priority Three conservation code is considered appropriate for this species pending further survey. Etymology. The specific epithet is the Latin word puhescens and refers to the hairs on the calyx, bracts, bracteoles and pedicels of this species. Affinities. S. puhescens is easily distinguished from all other Sphaerolahium species by the long, spreading hairs on its calyx, bracts, bracteoles and pedicels. Superficially, however, S. puhescens resembles the eastern Australian species S. minus, as both have small Powers in dense, basipetal, terminal racemes and both possess uniformly brown to grey calyces. S. puhescens can be differentiated from 5. minus by its slightly larger, all yellow flowers (c. 7 mm compared with 5-6 mm long), short, thick stipe and very broad, densely fringed stylar wing. In S. minus the flowers have a red area around the standard eye, at the ba.se of the wing petals and sometimes at the apex of the keel, the stipe is long and narrow (1 .2-1 .7 mm long, 0.2 mm wide compared with 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide), as is the stylar wing (0.7-1 .6 mm long, 0.25-0.4 mm wide compared with 0.6-0.8 mm long, 0.4-0.6 mm wide). An as yet undescribed taxon with affinities to the S. macranthum Meisn. complex which has been collected from near Scott River and the Albany area as well as the Stirling Ranges superficially resembles S. puhescens in its inflorescence structure and calyx and corolla colour, but can be easily distinguished by the red base to the wing petals, the prominent keel and the narrower, sparsely fringed stylar wing. The recognition of this taxon awaits a more extensive study of the S. macranthum complex to determine its rank. Sphaerolobium rostratuni R. Butcher, sp. nov. Calyx turbinatus vel campanulatus, glaber, viridus et atropunctatus. Corolla rosea et aurantiaca; Carina lata, alls et vexillio multo longior, ad apicem rostrata. Ovarium lutea cum maculis virentibus ad brunneis ornatum. Typus: 600 m west of Peaceful Bay Rd along South Coast Highway, Western Australia, 1 1 October 1 997, R. Butcher & J. Chappill RB 355 {holo: PERTH 05053234; iso: CANB, MEL, NSW). Suh-shruh to 1 .5 m, width to 0.4 m, erect to sprawling; stems slender, terete. Stipules absent Leaves opposite, sessile, linear-subulate, c. 1 mm long, c. 0.4 mm wide, acute, caducous before flowering. Inflorescence a loose terminal raceme, basipetal Powering, 150-350 mm long, 5-20-Powered, 2 Powers per bract. Pedicels 1 .6- 1 .7 mm long. Bracts caducous. Bracteoles ovate, c. 3 mm long, c. 1 .5 mm wide, caducous. Calyx dark green and darkly punctate, turbinate to campanulate, 4-6 mm long, glabrous, the tube equal to or slightly longer than the upper lip; upper lip fused along c. 80% of its length, 2-4 mm long, rounded to truncate; lower lobes lanceolate, 2-3 mm long. Corolla pink and cream; standard pink, broadly cordate to orbicular, 5-9 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, including a narrow claw of 2.5-3 mm length, this with prominent callosities at apex and inrolled margins, the blade ernarginate, auriculate, with a yellow, semicircular standard eye bordered with red; wings dark pink, oblong, 8-9.5 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, including a narrow claw of 2.5-3 mm length, adaxial spur sharply angled, the apex of the blade obtuse to truncate; keel cream, infused with pale pink, longer than R. Butcher, Sphacrolobium pubesceiix and S. nistratum, new species from WA 175 Figure 2. Distribution in the south-we.st of Western Australia. A - Sphaer<)li>hium pubescens. B - Sphaerolohium ro.stratum. 176 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) the wings and standard, 9-1 1 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, including a narrow claw of 2-3 mm length, pouched diagonally from spur towards centre, the apex obtuse with distinct acuminate to rostrate apex (c. 1 mm long), the adaxial edge straight, oblique, adaxial spur triangular, abaxial edge strongly arcuate. Stamens with filaments c. 7.5 mm long; anthers narrowly ovate, versatile, dorsifixed, 0.6-0.7 mm long. Gynoecium 13-16 mm long including the stipe (3-3.5 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm wide) and the style (6-7.5 mm long); ovary glabrous, egg-yolk yellow with di.stinctive green-brown patches from base; sty lecurvingadaxially, twistcd jmst below apex, with a flat, narrow ( 1 .5-2 mm long, 0.25-0.5 mm wide), fringed subapical wing; stigma tufted. Pod light brown with black patches from base, orbicular, compressed adaxially, c. 4 mm long, c. 3.5-4 mm wide, obliquely angled towards style, cream and darkly punctate at first, brown with merging black spots at maturity, obovate, c. 1.7 mm long, c. 2, 1 mm wide, arillate, testa smooth; aril c. 0.2 mm long. (Figure 3A-H) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Walpole-Nornalup National Park, KA 100054, PT.306, 6 Sep. 1 988, A. R. Annels 338 (PERTH); Plot 5086, NornalupRd, 24.5 km SSW of Rocky Gully, 28 Sep. 1993, A.R. Annels ARA 3943 (PERTH; MJP); 1 .7 km E of Bow Bridge on South Coast Hwy, 19Nov. 1996,/?. Butcher, J. F. ValtonRB3l (UWA);Denmarkshire,S boundary of proposed National Park, Nutcracker Rd, 0.5 km W from Denmark-Mount Barker road, 3 Oct. 1991, B.G. Hammersley 538 (PERTH); Walpole-Nornalup National Park, Isle Rd, c. 0.6 km S of South West Hwy, 15 Oct. 1991,7./?. Wheeler 2744 (PERTH); Walpole-Nornalup National Park, Isle Rd,c. 0.5 km S of South We.st Hwy, 1 Dec. 1992,7./?. Wheeler c& S.J. Patricl: 3631 (PERTH); 7 km W of Walpole, 2 Apr. 1967, P.G. Wilson 6327a (PERTH); Coalmine Beach, S of Walpole, 28 Oct. 1994, A. Worz 04. 10.28. 1 3 (PERTH). Distribution. S. rostratiim has been mostly collected from Walpole-Nornalup National Park and its surrounds but two outlying collections have been made from near Mt Lindesay to the north-east and northward towards Lake Surprise on Nornalup Rd. (Figure 2B) Habitat. S. rostratum is commonly found growing in sandy soil and clayey sand in seasonally wet sv/amps and Agonis panneeps/Bossiaea shrubland fringing creeks or other moist areas. Associated vegetation in these habitats includes Homalospermum firmum, Xanthosia rotundifolia, Kunzea ericifolia and Anarthria scabra as well as Anigozanthus flavidus and Pteridium esculentum in disturbed sites. The Annels 3943 collection, made from the valley floor, differs in its associated vegetation and includes Persoonia microcarpa, Banksia quercifolia, Cosmelia rubra, Callistemon gluuca, Sphenotoma gracile and Cephalotus follicularis, suggesting a different habitat and therefore the possibility of more dispersed collections being made for the species. Phenology. S. /•ostratMW flowers between Septemberand December and fruits from Octoberlo January. Conservation status. S. rostratum appears restricted to the Warren Botanical District with only two populations located outside the Walpole-Nornalup National Park. A Priority Three conservation code is therefore recommended. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word rostratus meaning “beaked” and refers to the distinctive apex of the keel petals. Affinities. S. rostratum is superficially similar to S. grandiflorum Benth. as both possess large (7-11 mm long) flowers and calyces that are dark green and darkly punctate with the tube approximately equal in length to the upper lobes. S. grandiflorum can be differentiated from S. rostratum, however, by a distinct black line along the margins of its calyx lobes as well as its R. Butcher, Sphaerolobium pubescens and S. rostratum, new species from WA 177 Figure 3. SphaerolDbium rosintliiin. A - single flower illustrating the length of the keel relative to the other petals and the darkly punctate calyx; B - standard petal showing the semicircular eye and the large callosities on the claw; C - wing petal; D - keel petal with rostrate apex; B - gynoecium indicating the long, narrow stipe, the ovary with dark patches from its base and the narrow, twisted stylar wing; F - flat stylar wing with tufted stigma; G - mature seed with cream anl; H - lop surface of seed showing aril surrounding hilar fissure, Scale bar = I mm. Drawn from R. Butcher & J. Chappill RB 355. 178 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) geniculate keel petal with an obtuse apex which is shorter than the standard (7. 5-8. 5 mm long compared with 9- 1 1 mm long). Additionally , 5. grundiflonim has adark green-hrown to black ovary and a sharply curved style which twists 360'’ near the broad, densely fringed slylar wing as pods develop. The green and darkly punctate calyx and prominent keel apex of 5. rostratum draws comparison with S. medium R. Br. but this latter taxon can be easily differentiated by its shorter, somewhat sprawling habit (0.4-0.8 m tall. 0.3-0. 6 m wide compared with 0.8-1 .5 m tall, c. 0.4 m wide), smaller (6-8 mm long compared with 9-1 1 mm long) yellow to pink (lowers, more dense intlorescences (20-60 compared with 5-20 (lowers) and the calyx tube shorter than the lobes. Additionally, S. medium has a more or less oblong keel with an aeuminate apex, whilst that of S. rostratum is broadly curved, rostrate and considerably longer in relation to the other petals. S. mediumcm also be differentiated by its uniformly pale yellowish green ovary and straight, naked style. Acknowledgements I wish to thank my Honours supervisor Dr Jenny Chappill at the University of Western Australia for her invaluable comments on previous drafts. Dr Michael Crisp from the Australian National University for the loan of type photographs, and the staff and volunteers at the Western Australian Herbarium for their help in this study. 1 would also like to thank Mr Paul Wilson for his considerable help with the Latin component and Judy Wheeler for having a keen eye. My thanks also to the referee Dr Jim Grimes, and Dr Barbara Rye for their comments on this manuscript. References BeiUham, G. (1864). "Flora Aiistraliensis,” Vol. 2. (Reeve & Co.: London.) Chapman, A.D. (1991). “Ausiralian Plant N,ame Index.” Australian Flora Series, No. 15. (Australian Government Publishing Service; Canberra.) Crisp, M.D. (1993). Reinstatement of Sphaerolobiiirn minus (Fabaceae: Mirbelieae). Telopea 5: 335-340. Crisp, M.D. (1994). Sphaerolobiiirn acunthos (Ftibaceae: Mirbelieae), a new species from the Grampians, Victoria. Muelleriii 8: 151-154. Hnatiuk, R..I. (1990). "Census of Australian Vascular Plants.” Australian Flora and Fauna Series, No. 11. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.) Nuytsia 12{2):179-183(1998) 179 Brachyloma nguba (Epacridaceae), a new species from the south-west of Western Australia R.J. Cranfield Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Cranfield, R.J, Brachyloma nguba (Epacridaceae), a new species from the south-west of Western Australia. Nuytsia 12 (2): 179-183(1998). A new species endemic to the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia, Brachyloma nguba Cranfield, is described, illustrated and mapped. A key to the Western Australian species of Brachyloma (Epacridaceae) is provided. Introduction A specimen of Brachyloma (Epacridaceae) collected by the author in March 1997 east of Hyden was found to be different from the two known Western Australian species, Brachyloma preissii Sond. and B. concolor F. Muell. ex Benth. Detailed examination showed the material to be a new species. A subsequent search of herbarium records (PERTH) provided evidence that this sample was a third collection of this species from the same area. Methods All the material examined in this study is held at PERTH. Two or three flowers were measured from each of the three collections of the new species and the same number of flowers from selected sheets representing the other two Western Australian species. Measurements of leaves were made to encompass a range of sizes but exclude the extremes resulting from age and growth variations. Taxonomy Diagnostic characters for Western Australian species of Brachyloma are given in Table 1. The shorter pedicels, calyx lobes and style and the truncate hypogy nous disc separate the new species from the other two species, Brachyloma concolor and Brachyloma preissii. It also appears from the table that B. nguba is distinguished by its smaller leaves and revolute leaf margins, but the table excludes a few atypically small-leaved specimens of uncertain taxonomic status 180 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) that would partially bridge this apparent gap between the new and old species. Both Brachyloma preissii and Brachyloma concolor appear to contain several entitles that require further investigation hut are currently known from very little material. These include a small-leaved variant Sonderf 1845) described as Brachyloma preissii var. brevifolium Sond. More collections are needed to further elucidate the taxonomy of this complex species group. Table 1. Characters distinguishing Western Australian species of Brachyloma. Character B. nguba B. preissi B. concolor leaf length (mm) 2.0-3.0 8.0-17.0 5.0-13.0 width (mm) 0 1 b 3.0-4.0 2.5-4.0 petiole length (mm) 0.4-0.6 1.0- 1.6 p b section revolute flat-convex Bat-concave apex acute-apiculate acute-apiculate apiculate flower pedicel length (mm) 0.2-0.3 1. 5-2.0 1.0- 1.5 sepal length (mm) O T b LO-3.5 1.0- 1.5 style length (mm) 0.2-0.25 L5-2.0 1.0- 1.5 hypogynous disc truncate shallowly 5-lobed prominently 5-lobed ovary locules 3,4 4,5 5 Key to Western Australian species oi Brachyloma 1. Leaves concave, concolorous. Style 1 .5-2.0 mm long. Disc prominently 5-lobed B. concolor 1. Leaves flat to revolute, discolorous. Style 0. 2-1.5 mm long. Disc shallowly 5-lobed to truncate 2. Leaves usually 8-17 x 3-4 mm. Style 1-1.5 mm long. Disc shallowly 5-lobed B. preissii 2. Leaves usually 2-3 x c. 0.9 mm. Style 0.2-0.25 mm long. Disc truncate B. nguba Brachyloma nguba Cranficld, sp. nov. Brachylomi preissii similis sed foliis ininoribus ad margines recurvis, stylo c. 0.25 mm (v. 1-1.5 mm) brevivore differt. Typus: 50 km east-north-east ofHyden (32‘ 24' 45", 1 19‘ 23' 29"), Western Australia, 7 April 1997, R.J. Cranfield 11181 {holo: PERTH 04671724; iso: CANB). Shrub to 40 cm high. Branchlets hispid. Leaves alternate, terminally clustered on short branchlets, erect; petiole 0.4-0. 6 x 0. 1 -0.2 mm, hispid; lamina narrowly elliptic, 2.0-3.0 x 0.9-1 .0 mm, sparsely scabrid adaxially, hispid abaxially, with numerous prominent veins; margins recurved; apex acute with a short mucro. Inflorescence of solitary axillary Powers in terminal leaf clusters. Pedicels 0.2-0. 3 mm long; bractcoles 3, sessile, imbricate, 0.5-1 mm long, margin fringed, apex acute; bracts R.J. Cranfield, Brachyloma iif’uba, a new species from south-west WA 181 2, 1. 5-2 mm long, margin ciliatc, apex obtuse. 5, imbricate, ovate, 0.5-1 x 0.5-1 .0 mm, green; margin fringed; apex obtuse. Corolla red; tube urceolate, 3-4.5 x 1 .5-2 mm, throat constricted below lobes; internal rellexed scales 0.25 x 0.4 mm, with long hairs on apex; lobes 5, spreading, broadly triangular, 1 .5-2 x c. 1 .5 mm, acute and apex rellexed. Stamens 5', anther linear, 1-1 .25 x c. 0.25 mm, longitudinally dehiscent. Hypogynous disc truncate, c. 0.25 mm wide. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, c. 1.1 X 0.9- 1.0 mm, 3- or4-locular; ovules 1 per loculus, white, c. 0.45 x 0. 15 mm, ellipsoid; style 0.20-0.25 mm long. Fruit not seen. (Figure 1) Figure 1 . Brcuhyloina A - branchlcl, B leaf, C - brad, 1) -- llower, B - anthers and lobes, F - ovary and style, G — cross-section of ovary. vScalc bars - 1 inni. Drawn from the holotype. 182 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 39kmEofPingaring,May \ 969,A.S.George 9339 (PERTH); 64 km E of Hyden, June 1966, Smith & Kessell 1 1 (PERTH). Distribution. Endemic to the Roe Botanical District in the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia. This species is known Irom three collections, two from the type area and the remaining one from Pingaring, all locations being within the eastern wheatbelt. (Figure 2) Habitat. Open mallee woodland-mallee scrub over white to brown sandy clay. Flowering time. April to May. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Code for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. This species is known from three collections, two from the type area and the third from Pingaring. Etymology. The specific epithet is from the Nyoongar aboriginal word ngiiba for blood, referring to the small bright red flowers (Bindon & Chadwick 1992). Notes. Brachyloma nguba is related to Brachyloma preissii, differing in having many leaf and floral characters greatly reduced in size, particularly style length, and in its truncate disc. Figure 2. Distribution of Brachyloma nf/uba. R.J. Cranfield, Brachyloma nguba, a new species from south-west WA 183 Acknowledgements The Lalin description was kindly prepared by Mr Paul G. Wilson along with other taxonomic advice. I also wish to thank Barbara Rye and John Hunter for their comments. References Bindon, P. & Chadwick, R. (1992). ‘A Nyoongar Wordlist from the South-West of Western Australia.” (Western Australian Museum: Perth.) Sender, O.G. (1845). Epacridaceae R. Brown, In: Lehmann, C. (ed.) “Plantae Preissianae.” Vol. 1. pp. 296-336. 184 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia 12(2); 185-1 89(1 998) 185 Xanthosia eichleri, a new species of Apiaceae from Western Australia J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood John Ray Herbarium, School of Biological Sciences, Macleay Building A12, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia Abstract J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood. Xanthosia eichleri, a new species of Apiaceae from Western Australia. Nuytsia 12 (2); 185-189 (1998). A new species in the Apiaceae, occurring in south west Western Australia, is described as Xanthosia eichleri J.M. Hart & M.J. Henwood. A key is provided to Xanthosia eichleri and its allies. Introduction As a result of a revision of Xanthosia and allied genera in the Apiaceae, a previously undescribed species from south west Western Australia is named Xanthosia eichleri. This species was first collected by S.W. Jackson at ‘Bow River’ in 1912. The specimen was deposited in the National Herbarium of NSW where it was placed within Xanthosia tridentata, a morphologically similar species from eastern Australia. No further collections of the species were made until 1 982 when it was found beside the South Coast Highway between Denmark and Walpole; all subsequent collections have been made since 1 990. Xanthosia eichleri is a member of a morphologically distinctive group comprising five of the twenty species in the genus. The group, here referred to as the X. tridentata group, is characterized by fruits which are glabrous, smooth to very minutely papillate and are surmounted by slightly raised, glabrous nectaries. The taxonomic status of this group is currently under investigation. All other species in the genus have more prominent, hirsute to villous nectaries, fruits which are hirsute at least on the summit and are never minutely papillate. Key to the Xanthosia tridentata group 1 Sepals peltate; eastern Australia Xanthosia tridentata 1 ; Sepals not peltate; Western Australia 2 2 Leaves simple 3 2: Leaves ternately compound 4 3 Umbels simple; petals shorter than the sepals; leaves cuneate, margins often tridentate Xanthosia eichleri 3; Umbels usually compound; petals equal to the sepals; leaves linear, margins usually entire Xanthosia ciliata 186 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) 4 Subshrub to 0.2 m high; umbels simple; peduncles reflexed; stamens about the same length as perianth; llowers green Xanthosia fruticulosa 4: Shrub to 1.0 m high; umbels compound; peduncles erect; stamens longer than the perianth; flowers cream Xanthosia bungei Xanthosia eichlcri J.M. Hart & M.J. Henwood, sp. nov. Xanthosia sp. Warren {A.R. Annels 1265) Xanthosiae tridentatae affinis sed folia integra ad tridentata; umbellae simplices cum 2-6 iloribus; sepala non peltata, longiora petala; fructus 5-7 nervatus. T’vpMS’.' Gladstone Falls, Deep River, Warren District, Western Australia, 31 October 1990, A.R. Annels 1265 (hob: PERTH 3129217; iso: MJP4553). Erect, procumbent or decumbent perennial subshrub to 0.25 m high, sparsely hirsute, the stem becoming flaky when aged. Leaves simple, cauline, pctiolatc; petiole sheathing, c. 0.8 mm long, ciliate; lamina cuneate, 5-12 mm long, 1-4 mm wide, tridentate or less often entire. Involucral bracts 4 or 5, obovate or lanceolate, foliaceous, green, shorter than flowers, 2. 1-2.6 mm long, 0.9-1.1 mm wide, apex acute. Inflorescence of simple umbels; umbels 2-6-flowered, leaf-opposed, often borne in pairs, pedunculate; peduncles 1. 0-3.6 mm long. Ftowr.v pedicellate, mostly bisexual, rarely male. Sepals 5, lanceolate, 1-1.6 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide, green, glabrous. Peto/s 5, .shorter than sepals, spathulate, the base clawed, 0.7-0.8 mm long, c. 0.4 mm wide, white or cream, the midrib adaxially keeled and forming abridge with the in flexed appendix. S/amfnsS.approximately equal to the perianth; filaments c. 0.5 mm long; anthers dorsally attached, c. 0.2 mm long. Nectaries!, slightly raised, c. 0.3 mm high, free from the styles, glabrous. Styles 2, upright at male anthesis, spreading at female anthesis, up to 0.5 mm long. Ovary hicarpellate, laterally llattened, glabrous. Male flowers differ from the bisexual flowers in having an undeveloped inconspicuous ovary, with the styles barely protruding above the nectaries. Pn<;Y brown, ovoid, 1 .7-1 .9 mm long, 1.3-2 mm wide, c. 0.4 mm deep. Mericarps g\abrous, minutely papillate, ovate or elliptic in transverse section, 5-7 ribbed, the ribs keeled. (Figure 1) Selected specimens ( 16 examined). WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Watershed Rd 1 .8 km N of Basin Rd, 20 km NW of Denmark, 34°45 '2 F'S, 1 1 7“08' 1 0"E, 1 9 Nov. 1 99 1 , A.P. Annels 1 977 (PERTH); Corner of Break & Nornalup roads, 34°49' 1 8"S, 1 1 6“57'52'’E, 28 Nov. 1994, A.P. Annels 5043 (MJP); Private property 2 km SSW of Mt Lindesay, 34°5r30"S, 1 17°18'00"E, 28 Oct. 1992, B.G. Hammersley 771 (PERTH);DenmarkShire-CenlreBreakroad5.5kmEfrom Denmark- Mount Barkerroad, 34°49'55"S, 1 17°27'50"E, 1 Oct. \ 994, B.G. Hammersley 1 180 (PERTH); Break Rd, 1 km Wof KentRivercrossing, 34°50' I O'S, 1 1 7T)3' 00"E, 22 Oct. 1 994, B. G. Hammersley 1234 (PERTH); Gladstone Falls, Deep River, 34‘’52'50''S, 1 16“35'l r’E,2Feb. 1997,LM. Wart 403 (CANB, PERTH, SYD); Gladstone Falls, Deep River, 7 Nov. 1 995, J.M. 7/arr95 106 (CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH, SYD); 2.6 km N of Mitchell River on Denmark-Mt Barkerroad, 9 Nov. 1995, LM. //art 951 17 (PERTH, SYD); Shannon Rock, 1,2 km by road NW of Shannon River, South Western Highway, Shannon National Park, 8 Dec, 1997, M.J. Henwood 49S (SYD): Bow River, Nov. 1912, S. VT. Jackson (NSW); Between Denmark and Walpole near takeoff lo Parry Beach along South Coast Highway, 35°0rS, 1 I7°()9’E, 9 Dec. 1982, K.H. Rechingex b0\'3 \ (PERTH). Distribution. Western Australia: Menzies and Warren Districts: from Shannon National Park east to Sheepwash Creek National Park and south to the coast. (Figure 2) J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood, Xanihosia eichleri, a new species from Western Australia 187 Figure 1 . Xanihosia eichleri. A - branchlet (scale 10 mm); B - a pair of umbels (scale 2.5 mm); C - leaf with sheathing petiole (scale 3 mm); D - flower, female phase (scale 1 mm); E - fruit, styles shed (scale 1 mm); F, G petals; F - adaxial view showing inflexion, G - side view (scale 0.4 mm). Drawn from J.M. Hurl 95106 (A-D, F, G) and J.M. Hart 403 (E). Habitat. Sand, sandy loam or granite outcrops mainly in Jarrah-Marri woodland. Most collections are from roadsides. Phenology. Flowering; October to November. Fruiting: December to February. 188 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Conservation status. 2RC- (Brigg.s & Leigh 1995). Known geographical range restricted to less than 100 km. Three collections have been made within national parks and most collections are from roadsides. The size ofthe populations within national parks is unknown. The species has no identified threats and is perhaps more common within its range than ihe current number of collections would suggest. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The specific epithet honours the late Dr Hansjoerg Eichler (1916-1992) in recognition of his contribution to the taxonomy oi Xanthosia and the Australian Apiaceac. Affinities. Xanthosia eichlcri is distinguished from Xanthosia tridentata by the former’s smaller leaves (which are not always tridentate), simple umbels, fruits with fewer ribs and non-pcltate sepals. Xanthosia eichleri is also similar to Xanthosia Jruticulosa but differs from it in having simple rather than compound leaves. Fruits oi' X. fruticulosa are smooth with Oat ribs, whereas those of X. eichleri are minutely papillate with keeled ribs. Xanthosia ciliata may be distinguished from X. eichleri by its linear leaves, which are very rarely notched. Xanthosia ciliata normally has compound umbels, but tightly contracted, simple umbels may be found on individuals with small, entire, linear leaves from the Stirling Range. J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood, Xanthosia eichleri, a new species from Western Australia 189 Notes. The simple umbels of this species may be misinterpreted as compound umbels, which are more typical of the genus. The umbels of X. eichleri are commonly in pairs subtended by a single stem- clasping bract (whereas the number of bracts is equal to the number of rays in all compound umbels in Xanthosia) and the in volucral bracts surround the flowers in the same manner as in thesimple umbels of X. fruticulosa. Xanthosia tridentata is restricted to New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania and does not occur in Western Australia as staled in the “Flora of New South Wales” (Brooks & Powell 1992). Acknowledgements We thank the directors of NSW, MJP and PERTH for access to specimens. We are grateful to Greg Keighery for comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. References Briggs, J.D. & Leigh, J.H. (1996). “Rare or Threatened Australian Plants.” 1995 Revised Edition. (CSIRO: Melbourne.) Brooks, A.K. & Powell, J.M. (1992). Xanthosia. In: Harden, G. (ed.) “Flora of New South Wales.” pp. 94-96. (University of New South Wales Press: Sydney.) 190 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia 12(2):191-195(1998) 191 Notes on the genus Lepidium (Brassicaceae) in Western Australia, including recognition of a new species, L. amelum B.J. Lepschi Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract B.J. Lepschi. Notes on ihe genus Lepidium (Brassicaceae) in Western Australia, including recognition of anew species, L. amelum. Nuytsia 12 (2): 191-195(1998). Lepidium amelum'Le.pschi, a rare taxon from the Pilbara region of Western Australia is described, illustrated and its distribution mapped. Descriptions and illustrations of the previously unknown fruit and seed of the rare species L. catapycnon Hewson and L. xylodes Hewson are also presented. Introduction Lepidium L. (Brassicaceae) is a widespread genus of some 150 species, represented in Australia by 34 indigenous and eight introduced species (Hewson 1982a, b). Thirty species have been recorded from Western Australia, three of these introduced, with 1 2 of the indigenous taxa regarded as rare or threatened (Anon. 1996). This paper presents a description of a rare, new Lepidium from the eastern Pilbara region, as well as information on the fruits and seeds of two other rare species in the genus. Materials and methods This study is based on examination of herbarium collections from AD, BRI, DNA and PERTH. “Karratha”, cited in the exsiccatae list for L. amelum and L. catapycnon, refers to the Department of Conservation and Land Management’s regional herbarium situated at Karratha, Western Australia. All measurements were made from herbarium material (reconstituted where necessary). See the end of this issue for definitions of conservation codes used in this paper. New species description Lepidium amelum Lepschi, sp. nov. A sp. L. pedicellosae F. Muell. foliorum basi sessili, auriculata differt. 192 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Typus: 300 in north-west of Bells Pit, Woodie Woodie [mine], Oakover River Catchment, north-east Pilbara, Western Australia, early August 1996, A.S. Weston 96.8.1 {holo: PERTH 04656148- iso- CANB,K,MEL,US) Erect j/rra/? 0.3- 1 m, all parts glabrous, leaves and stems glaucous. Leaves alternate, sessile, broadly elliptic to subcircular, 7.8-41 mm long, 8-36 mm wide; base auriculate; apex apicuiate; margin entire. Inflorescence an elongate raceme, inserted terminally on the branches. Sepals 4, narrowly ovate to elliptic or oblong-elliptic, more or less concave and shallowly hooded distally, 5.26 mm long, 1 .9-2.7 mm wide. Petals 4, proximal c. two-thirds pseudotubular (margins strongly to (rarely) weakly inrolled, cucullate at the base), distal c. one-third flat and ovate to rounded-triangular, entire petal more or less rhomboid when Battened out, 6.5-1. 2 mm long, 2.7-3.5 mm wide, white. Stamens 6; filaments linear, 5.7-6 mm long; anthers elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 1.7-1 .8 mm long. Style 3.2-3. 9 mm long, markedly exsert in fruit, stigma small, subcapitate. Pedicels spreading in mature fruit; straight to slightly recurved, 6.5-7.5 mm long. Silicula elliptic to broadly elliptic, 7.7-8.3 mm long, 5.5-6 mm broad, winged, the wings obtuse to more or less acute, forming a notch c. 1/8-1/10 of the length of the silicula; gynophore hardly developed. Seed more or less elliptic, 3-3.5 mm long, 1 .7-2.0 mm wide, red-brown, smooth, strongly mucose; cotyledons incumbent. (Figure lA-C) Figure l. Lepidiuin ainelum. A - branchiet; B - IVuit; C - seed. L. catapycnon. D - fruit; E - seed. L. xylodes F - fruit; G - seed. Drawn from Davis 98 (A-C), Sian & Nicholson l.S/10/85-4 (D, E) and Mitchell 811 (F, G). B.J. Lepschi, Notes on the genus Lepidium in Western Australia 193 Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: [c. 110 km ESE of Nullagine], 20-22 June 1979, G. DavA 98 (PERTH); c. 12 km SEofSkull Springs on Wandanya Station, 1 Nov. \ 996, K. A. Leighton PRP 1408 (CANB, NSW, PERTH); 14kmWofTanguinHill,c. 100 km SE of Shay Gap, 15July 1984, K.R. Newhey 10501 (CANB, MEL, PERTH); 79.7 km from Warrawagine Homestead on a bearing of 154‘’,30June \991,A.L Payne PRP 1613(AD, BRI, CANB, Karratha, PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to Ihe Oakover River Valley area, just west of Rudall River National Park in the north-eastern Pilbara region of Western Australia. (Figure 2) Habitat. Occurs on stony, calcareous, alkaline soils formed from tertiary calcretes of the Oakover Formation (A. A. Mitchell pers. comm.). Recorded from Triodia wiseana C.A. Gardner hummock grassland {LeightonPRP 1408, Paywe PRP 1613), low, open Co/^mfcia sp. woodland (Vewfcey 10501), and with Lepidium pholidogynum F. Muell on the wall of a disused settlement pond on a mine site {Weston 96.8.1). Phenology. Flowering and fruiting recorded June-August. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Code for the Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Known from a small number of populations in an active mining area. Etymology. Named from the Greek a - not, without, and melos in reference to the sessile leaves. Notes. Lepidium amelum is closely related to L. pedicellosum, with which it shares a distinctive petal morphology. It can be distinguished from this species by its .sessile, amplexicaul leaf bases, and in being consistently glabrous. Leaves in L. pedicellosum are attenuate with a petiole up to 7 mm long, Figure 2. Distribution of Lepidium amelum. 194 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) and occasional plants of this species may also be hairy. Lepidium amelum and L pedicellosum are also allied to L, stronglophyllum F. Muell. ex Benth., from central and eastern Australia. While L. anielum, L. pedicellosum and L stronglophyllum are similar in their overall morphology, I have elected to recognize all three as distinct species. No intergradation has been observed on herbarium material, and no intermediate plants are known in the field. All three taxa also occupy discrete geographical ranges. Treating L. amelum as a subspecies of L. pedicellosum is not realistic, as the distinctions between these taxa are of the same magnitude as the differences between L. pedicellosum and L stronglophyllum. Reducing both L. anielum and L. pedicellosum to subspecies of L. stronglophyllum would also appear to serve little purpose. Lepidium pedicellosum has been treated as conspecific with L. stronglophyllum by some authors in the past (e.g. Mueller 1 883). However, as demonstrated by Carolin & Hewson (1981) and Hewson (1982a, b), the two species can readily be separated by petal morphology and width. Petals in L. pedicellosum are identical in morphology to those of L. amelum (see description above), and are 2. 5-3. 6 mm wide, while L. .stronglophyllum has more or less flat (i.e. not pseudotubular) petals (see Carolin & Hewson 1981, Hewson 1982a, b) which are 1.2-1. 7 mm wide. Note that measurements presented here arc taken from reconstituted petals Battened out to their full width, and differ slightly from those cited in earlier publications (it should also be noted that the descriptions of L. pedicellosum presented by Carolin & Hewson (1981) and Hewson (1982a, b) do not encompass any elements of L. amelum). As well as differences in petal characters, L. pedicellosum is sometimes hairy, whereas L. stronglophyllum (and L amelum) are always glabrous. Lepidium amelum has been referred to as Lepidium sp. Tanguin Hill {K.R. Newbey 1 050 1 ) at PERTH and by Anon. (1996). Fruit and seed descriptions Lepidium catapycnon and L. xylodes are two rare, poorly known taxa from the Eremaean Botanical Province (cf. Beard 1980) of Western Australia. Fruit and seed of both taxa were unknown at the time of HewsoiTs ( 1 982a, b) treatments of the genus, but mature fruiting material of both taxa has since become available, allowing descriptions of the fruits and seeds to be made. Lepidium catapycnon Hewson Style 2. 0-2. 5 mm long, markedly exsert in fruit; stigma small, subcapitate. Silicula broadly elliptic to subcircular, 5. 0-5. 5 mm long, 4. 0-4. 5 mm broad, winged, sparsely papillose, especially on the wings; wings obtuse to more or less acute, forming a notch c. 1/8 the length of the silicula; gynophore hardly developed. Seed more or less elliptic 2. 3-2. 6 mm long, 2. 0-2. 5 mm broad, red-brown, smooth, strongly mucose; cotyledons incumbent. (Figure ID, E) Specimens e.xutnined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Near Wittenoom [precise locality withheld due to conservation reasons], 15 Oct. 1985, A.N. Start & C.J. Nicholson CJN 15/10/1985-2, A.N. Start & C.J. Nicholson CJN 1 5/ 1 0/ 1 985-4 (both Karratha, PERTH); Near Newman [precise locality withheld due to conservation reasons], Jan. 1997, M. Maiers.n. (PERTH). Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for the Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. B.J. Lcpschi, Notes on the genus Lepidium in Western Australia 195 Notes. Hewson ( 1 982a) considered L. catapycnon to be related to L. pedicellosum, but L. catapycnon would appear to have greater affinity with L. platypetalum Hewson, which it superficially resembles. Lepidium catapycnon and L. platypetalum have distinctive, linear, more or less terete leaves, which are quite different from the broad, fiat, transversely linear leaves of L. pedicellosum. These taxa also share pscudotubular, cucullate petals. Lepidium catapycnon and L. platypetalum. may be separated by indumentum and silicula size. Lepidium xylodes Hewson Style 2. 5-3.0 mm long, markedly exsert in fruit; stigma small, subcapitate. Silicula elliptic to ovate, 6. 5-7.0 mm long, 4. 5-5.0 mm broad, winged, sparsely papillose, especially on the wings; wings narrow, forming a very shallow notch; gynophore developed, to 0.7 mm long. Seed 3. 3-3. 7 mm long, 1.7-2. 5 mm broad, red-brown, smooth, strongly mucose; cotyledons incumbent, tending to become biplicate. (Figure IF, G) CAflmniet/. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Yarlingulla Paddock, Belele Station, 12 Nov. 1980, A.A. Mitchell (PERTH). Consen’otion status. CALM Conservation Codes for the Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Notes. The presence of more or less biplicate cotyledons in L. xylodes suggests a possible relationship with L. genistoides Hewson, a species of uncertain affinities, which also exhibits similar cotyledon morphology. Hewson (1982a) suggested L. genistoides may be misplaced in subsect. Monoploca (of sect. Monoploca (Bunge) PrantI), given the more or less biplicate cotyledons, and could perhaps be accommodated in subsect. Diploploca Hewson. This also applies to L. xylodes, but until more fruiting material becomes available, so that this feature can be examined in more detail, both taxa are best retained in subsect. Monoploca. Acknowledgements I am grateful to Ken Leighton, Andrew Mitchell, Alan Payne and Arthur Weston for their efforts in obtaining material of L. amelurn for me, Margaret Pieroni for the illustrations and Paul Wilson for checking the Latin diagnosis. The curators of AD, BRI and DNA are thanked for allowing me to examine collections in their care. References Anon. (1996). Declared Rare and Priority Flora List. Unpublished Report, Department of Conservation and Land Management. Como. Beard, J.S. (1980). A new phytogeographic map of Western- Australia. Western Australian Herbarium Research Notes .1: 37-58. Carolin, R.C. & Hewson, H.J. (1981). Cruciferae. in: Jessop, J.P. (ed.). “Flora of Central Australia.” pp. 94-102. (Reed: Sydney.) Hewson, H.J. (1982a). The genus Lepidium L. (Brassicaceae) in Australia. Brununia 4: 217-308. Hewson, H. J. (1984b). I.epidium. in: George. A.S. (ed.). “Flora of Auslralia." Vol. 8. pp. 256-283. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.) Mueller, F. von (1883). "The Plants Indigenous Around Sharks Bay and its Vicinity." (Government Printer: Perth.) 196 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia 12(2); 1 97-206(1 998) 197 Three new triggerplant species in Stylidium subgenus Centridium (Styiidiaceae) from Western Australia Allen Lowric' and Kevin F. Kenneally^ '6 Glenn Place, Duncraig, Western Australia 6023 ’Science Publications Unit, Corporate Relations Division, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 29, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Lowrie, Allen and Kcnneally, Kevin F. Three new triggerplant species in Stylidium subgenus Centridium (Styiidiaceae) from Western Australia. Nuytsia 12(2): 197-206 (1998). Three new Western Australian species, Stylidium aceratum, S. diceratum and S. weeliwolli Lowrie & Kenneally are described and illustrated. They belong to Stylidium subgenus Centridium (Lindl.) Mildbr., bringing the total number of species known in this subgenus to ten. A key is provided for taxa. Introduction Three new species of triggerplant, belonging in Stylidium subg. Centridium (Lindl.) Mildbr. (Styiidiaceae) are described here. All members of this subgenus (Mildbraed 1908: 31)haveaglobose hypanthium, gynostemium mobility produced not by a sensitive hinged torosus but by the sensitive movement of a cunabulum from the convex set position to the concave triggered position, and a stipitate brush-like stigma. Haploid chromosome numbers of 1 1 and 13 have been recorded in this subgenus (Farrell & James 1 979; S.H. James pers. comm.). Ten species are now recognized in Stylidium subgenus Centridium in northern and western Australia, as follows: 1 . Kimberley region of Western Australia and far north of Northern Territory. Stylidium ceratophorum O. Schwarz and S. longicornu Carlquist occur in both these regions while the new species S. diceratum is restricted to the Kimberley. 2. Ashburton District of the Eremean Botanical Province of Western Australia. The new species Stylidium weeliwolli is the first record from this region. 3. South-west of Western Australia. Stylidium aceratum (a new species), S. calcaratum R. Br., S. ecorne (F. Muell. ex F.H. Erickson & J.H. Willis) P.G, Farrell & S.H. James, S. edentatum Lowrie & Carlquist, S. mimeticum Lowrie & Carlquist and S. perpusillum Hook. f. 198 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Taxonomy Key to the species of Stylidium subgenus Centridiiim 1: Appendage(s) present on gynostemium 2 1 Appendage(s) absent on gynostemium 6 2: Gynostemium with 2 appendages; corolla predominately orange on adaxial surface S.diceratum 2 Gynostemium with 1 appendage; corolla white or pink on adaxial surface 3 3: Gynostemium bearing a recurved horn-shaped appendage on the bend 4 3 Gynostemium appendage not horn-shaped 5 4: Throat appendages 2; labellum elliptic, apex not emarginate, irregularly serrate S. calcaratum 4 Throat appendages 4; labellum lageniform, apex emarginate, not serrate S. weeliwolli 5: Gynostemium appendage reniform, recurved from the bend; nectary spur prominent, cradled by the horizontal posterior sepal S. mimeticum 5 Gynostemium appendage square, recurved from the bend, apex irregularly serrate; nectary spur absent or very poorly developed and hidden behind the always vertical posterior sepal S. ecorne 6: Corolla orange; posterior corolla lobes each deeply divided into 2 (so as to appear as 4 individual lobes) S. ceratophorum 6 Corolla white to pink; posterior corolla lobes undivided 7 7; Plants mostly 1. 5-2.5 cm high; nectary spur absent S. perpusillum 7 Plants mostly 4.5-25 cm high; nectary spur present 8 8: Posterior corolla lobes cuneate, the apex obtuse and unlobed, with a distinctive blunt lateral tooth at the base S.edentatum 8 Posterior corolla lobes either cuneate with a tridentate apex or obovate with a crenatc apex, lacking basal tooth 9 9; Plants mostly 5-9 cm tall; posterior corolla lobes cuneate, apex tridentate; nectary spur shorter than the posterior sepal S. aceratum 9 Plants mostly 10-25 cm tall; posterior corolla lobes obovate, apex crenate; nectary spur longer than the posterior sepal S. longicornu Stylidium aceratum Lowrie & Kenneally, sp. nov. Stylidio calcarato R. Br. affinis sed cornu appendicis e flexo gynostemii absent!. Typus: Great Northern Highway, north of Bullsbrook [precise locality withheld]. Western Australia, 9 November 1991, /t. Lovvne 496 {holo: PERTH 04980336; Ao.' MEL). A fibrous-rooted annual herb 5-9 cm high (including inflorescence); stem translucent white, 2.5-4 mm long, 0.8-1 mm diam.; basal rosette of leaves flat, 5-12 mm diam. Leaves spathulate, 3-6 mm long, 0.7- 1.5 mm wide near apex, 0.3-0. 6 mm wide at the base, flat in section, glabrous. Inflorescence usually a simple dichasium but also the beginnings of a compound dichasium in older plants, 5-9 cm long (including peduncle), glandular. Bracts and hracteoles lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm long, A. Lowrie & K F, Kcnaeally, Three now SlylUliiiin from WA 199 0,5-0. 6 mm wide, sparsely glandular. Pedicels 10-24 mm long, glandular. Hypanthium globose, 1 .6- 2 mm diam. at anlhesis, glandular. Sepals 5, all free to the base, lanceolate, glandular; anterior pair horizontal and splayetl outwards under the anterior corolla lobes, 1 .6—2.5 mm long; middle pair erect, 1 .5—1 .9 mm long; posicrior sepal horizontal, 1 .3— 1 .5 mm long. Corolla dark pink with a white base on adaxial surface, pale pink on abaxial surface, glabrous, lobes vertically paired; anterior lobes geniculate, 6-7 mm long, 1 .4- 1 .8 mm wide, apex ± tricrenate; posterior lobes cuneatc, 5.5-7 mm long, 1 .7- 2 mm wide, apex trideiitate. Nectary spur c. 0,8 mm long, cradled by the posterior sepal. Throat white, bearing 2 smooth mounds, each positioned at the sinus of the anterior and posterior corolla lobes, with deeply and irregularly laciniate margins between the mounds, and 2 conical appendages c. 0.5 mm long at the base of the posterior corolla lobes. Labellum positioned below the the sinus of the anterior corolla lobes, purple with a white base, concave, elliptic, c. 2 mm long, c. 1.8 mm wide; apex cuspidate, c. 0.5 mm long, with shorter serrate segments either side, sparsely glandular. Gynostemium c. 3 mm long, the erect non-sensitive basal column c. 1.5 mm long, the sensitive cunabulum c. 1 .5 mm long, appendage(s) absent from the bend of the gynostemium; anthers yellow, pollen yellow; stigma stipitate between the anthers, c. 2 mm long, apex brush-like. Capsule globose, 2. 5-2. 7 mm diam. Seeds rusty brown, ± ellipsoid, 0.2-0.25 mm long, 0,1-0.15 diam., rugose. (Figure I) Other specimen examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Type location [precise locality withheld], 3 Nov. 1993, K.F. Kenneally 1 1398 (PERTH). Distribution. Known only from the type location. Habitat. Grows in sandy soils on swamp hcathland with Stylidium calcaratum, S. mimeticum, S. utricularioides Benth. and paperbarks [Melaleuca). Flowering period. October-November. Chromosome number. S.H. James (pers. comm.) has obtained a chromosome number count of n = 1 1 for Stylidium aceratum. The voucher specimen for this previously unpublished record is A. Lowrie 496. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority Two. The species is known from only one locality, which is on a nature reserve. Known only from small colonies numbering 20 to 1 00 plants and scattered individuals over the southern portions of the nature reserve. A survey to establish the total population size over the entire nature reserve is recommended. Etymology. The specific epithet aceratum is from the Greek prefix a - lacking and ceras - horn in reference to the absence of an appendage on the bend of the gynostemium. Affinities. The nearest relative to Stylidium aceratum is 5’. calcaratum. Both species have geniculate anterior corolla lobes and tridentate posterior corolla lobes and a chromosome number of n = 11, S. aceratum differs from S. calcaratum (whose contrasting characters are given in parenthesis) by having 2 conical throat appendages at (he base of the posterior corolla lobes (2 throat appendages reniform); nectary spur shorter than the posterior sepal (longer than the posterior sepal); appendage absent from the bend of the gynostemium (appendage present at the bend of the gynostemium); and labellum apex cuspidate with shorter serrate segments either side (labellum apex shortly serrate throughout). 200 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 1. StyU/liiiin aceralum. A - habit ol' llovvcniig plant; 13 - leaf, enlarged section left; C - hypanthium and sepals; U - lateral view of corolla, gynosteniiuni and hypanthium; E - corolla; F - throat appendages; G - labelluin; II - lateral view of gynosteniiuni, anthers and stipitatc stigma in the set-non-triggered position. Scale bar for all = 1 mm. Drawn from A. Lowrie 496. A. Lowrie & K.F. Kcnneally, Three new Stylidium from WA 201 Notes. Stylidium aceratum grows near populations of S. calcaratiim as well as S. mirneticum at the type location. Also populations of S. ecorne have been found about 1 km south of the type location. Extensive exploration in the area has found no hybrids between these taxa. The latter two species differ from S. aceratum in chromosome number, both having n= 13(S.H. James pers. comm.), a factor which may contribute to their reproductive isolation. Stylidium diceratiini Lowrie & Kcnneally, sp. nov. Stylidio langicorno Carlquist affinis sed pagina adaxiali corollae pro parte maxima aurantiaca, appendicibus fauce 4 et cornu-appendicibus 2 supra flexum gynostemii ornata. Typus: Along sandy creek crossing on road to Beverley Springs [precise locality withheld], Kimberley, Western Australia, 2 August 1 996, T. Lovw'/e 1526 (holo: PERTH 04980344; Ao.' MEL). A fibrous-rooted annual herb 15-35 cm high (including inflorescence); stem translucent white, 0.5-3 mm long, 0. 3-0.4 mm diam.; basal rosette of leaves flat, 10-16 mm diam. Leaves lanceolate (longer ones) or spaihulatc (shorter ones), 5-8 mm long, l-2.5mm wide near the apex, 0.2-0. 6 mm wide at the base, flat in section, glabrous. Inflorescence variable, l-llowered, 3-flowered simple dichasium, 2-4-flowered raceme (juvenile specimens) or a many-flowered compound dichasium with some of the upper branches racemose (mature specimens), 6-15 cm long, glandular. Bracts and bracteoles lanceolate orciliptic, 1 .5-3 mm long, 0.5- 1 .3 mm wide, glandular. Pedicels 15-65 mm long, glandular. Hypanthium globose, 0.9- 1.4 mm diam. at anthesis, glandular. Sepals 5, al 1 free to the base, lanceolate, glandular; anterior pair horizontal and splayed outwards under the anterior corolla lobes, 1 .3-2.3 mm long; middle pair erect, 1 .2-1.7 mm long; posterior sepal horizontal, 1 .5-2 mm long. Corolla cream on abaxial surface with broad dark pink veins, glabrous, lobes vertically paired; anterior lobes yellowish orange with dark orange veins on adaxial surface, with 2 short and 2 long yellow radial stripes from the throat as well as a band of yellow around the glandular inside margins of the lobes, cuneate- falcate, 3.5-4 .5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, apex emarginate; posterior lobes blushed salmon pink over yellowish orange on adaxial surface and bearing reddish marks at the base with outward radiating lines, obovate, 2. 5-4. 5 mm long, 1.7-2. 3 mm wide, apex irregularly crenate. Nectary spur cream, 4. 5-6. 5 mm long, cradled by posterior sepal. Throat yellow, bearing 4 (2 pairs) of appendages at base of posterior corolla lobes; appendages narrowly ovate, acute, the upper pair c. 1 .3 mm long, the others c. 0.8 mm long. Labelliim positioned below the the sinus oftheanteriorcorolla lobes, green, concave, obovate, c. 1 .5 mm long, c. I mm wide, apex irregularly serrate, glabrous. Gynostemium c. 2.2 mm long, the erect non-sensitive basal column c. 0.8 mm long, the sensitive cunabulum c. 1 .3 mm long, with 2 lateral incurved horn-like appendages on the bend of the gynostemium; stigma stipitate between the anthers, c. 1 mm long, apex brush-like. Capsule globose, 2.5-3 mm diam. Seeds rusty brown, ± compressed-ovoid, 0. 2-0.3 mm long, 0.1-0.15 diam., longitudinally finely ribbed. (Figure 2) Other specimen examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Type location [precise locality withheld], Aug. 1993, M.D. Barrett 235 (PERTH). Distribution. Known only from the type location. Habitat. Grows in sandy soils on the margins of creek with S’fy/irfiMm cerarop/iorum, S. rubriscapum W.V. Fitzg.. Drosera caduca. D. paradoxa, Byblis Urdflora and Grevillea pteridifolia. 202 Niiylsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) l•iglM■c 2. Slylitliuin diccnumn. A - liabil of llowcring plant; B leaf, enlarged section left; C - hypanihium and sepaLs; I) - corolla; h - lalielluni; B - from view of gynosteniiiim, anthers and slipitale stigma in the triggered po,sition; G - lateral view ol gynosteniiimi, anthers and stipilate stigma in the triggered position. Seale bar for all = 1 mtn Drawn Irotii M il Btinrll 2.15 & A. Lowrie 1526. A. Lowrie & K.l'- Kenncally. Three new Stylidium from WA 203 Flowering period. June-August. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Stylidium diceratum is only known from the type locality but as the region is poorly botanically explored, it is possible that it exists over a much larger area. Etymology. The specific epithet diceratum from the Greek prefix r/t- twoandeeras - horn in reference to the two appendages on the bend of the gynostemium. Affinities. The nearest relative to Stylidium diceratum is S. longicornu. S. diceratum is easily distinguished from S. longicornu by its orange corolla, 2 horn-like appendages on the bend of the gynostemium and nectary spur c. 3 times longer than the posterior sepal. Stylidium diceratum may be confused with S. ceratophoruni because both species have an orange corolla, and they coexist at the S. diceratum type location. S. ceratophorum is distinguished from S. diceratum by havinga corolla twice as large, with the posterior lobes each deeply divided to appear as 4 individual lobes and the anterior lobes ovate-falcate. It also differs in corolla orientation so that the gynostemium operates from above rather than from below. Stylidium wecliwolli Lowrie & Kenneally, .v/x now Stylidio culcarato R. Br. affinis sed corolla appendicibus fauce 4 et lobis anterioribus valde cruciformibus ornata differt. Typus: Weeli Wolli Creek, c. 90 km north-west of Newman, Western Australia, 22° 54' S, 1 19° I3'E, 28 August 1991, D.£. Miirfet 1097 [holo: PERTH 04980328; iso: MEL). A fibrous-rooted annual herb 10-25 cm high (including intJorescence); stem white, 1-4 mm long, 0. 5-0. 7 mm diam.; basal rosettcof leaves flat, 10-50(mostly 17-25) mm diam. Leaves spathulate or lanceolate. 6.5-27 (mostly 1 1-13) mm long, 3-4.5 (mostly 3-3.5) mm wide near apex, 0.3-1 (mostly 0.7-0. 8) mm wide at the base, flat in section, glabrous, apex obtu.se or acute. Inflorescence an open much branched compound dichasium, 10-25 cm long (including peduncle), glandular. Bracts and hracteoles obovate-elliptic, 2.2^.5 mm long, 1 .4-2.2 mm wide, apex acute, sparsely glandular. Pcf/mc/.v 10-20 mm long, glandular. Hypunthium globose, 1 .2-1 .7 mm diam. at anthesis, glandular. Sepals 5, all free to the base, lanceolate, glandular; anterior pair horizontal and splayed outwards under the anterior corolla lobes, 2-2.5 mm long; middle pair erect, 2-2.5 mm long; posterior sepal horizontal, 1 .8-2.5 mm long. Corolla dark pink on adaxial surface with reddish marks at the base, ghibrous, lobes vertically paired; anterior lobes geniculate, always distinctly cruciform, 7. 5-8. 5 mm long, 1.8-2 mm wide, apex cmarginate; posterior lobes cuneate, 5.5-6 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, ajiex ± tricrcnatc. Nectary spur 2-2.5 mm long, cradled by posterior sepal. Throat bearing 4 rod-shaped appendages, 2 at the base of anterior corolla lobes and 2 at the base of posterior corolla lobes; anterior appendages fused along their length, c. 1 .5 mm long; posterior appendages free to ba.se. c. 1 .7 mm long. Lahelliini positioned below the sinus of the anterior corolla lobes, concave, lageniform, c. 1 .7 mm long, c. 0.8 mm wide, apex emarginate, glabrous. Gynostemium c. 3.2 mm long, the erect non -sensitive basal column c. 1 .5 mm long, the sensitive cunabulum c. 1 .7 mm long, with a horn-like appendage t: 0.2 mm long on the bend of the gynostemium; anthers dark yellow; stigma stipitale between the anthers, c. 1 .5 mm long, apex brush-like. Capsule globose, 2-3 mm diam. Seeds dark brown, ± ellipsoid, 0.25-0.3 mm long, 0. 15-0.2 diam., rugose. (Figure 3) 204 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 3. Stylidium wndiwoUi. A - habit of llowcring plant; B - leaf, enlarged section left; C - hypanthium and sepals; D - corolla; K - labelluin; F ^ lateral view of gynosteiniuni, anthers and stipitate stigma in the triggered position; G - lateral view of gynostcniiuin, anthers and stipitate stigma in the set-non-triggered position; H - front view of horn-like appendage on the bend of the gynostemium. Scale bar for all = I mm. Drawn from D.E. Miirfel 1097. A. Lowric & K.K Kenneally, Three new StyUdium from WA 205 Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Base of Mt Augustus, Aug. 1997, K. Coate s.n. (PERTH); Weeli Wolli Springs, 22“ 45' S, 1 19° 15' E, 22 Mar. 1994, £. Holland 4200 & N. Casson (PERTH);WceliWolli Creek, near springs, 8 Sep. 1992,A/.£'. Trudgen 1 1489 (PERTH); Barlee Range Nature Reserve, 15.2 km WSW of Jarrabucluundy Bore, 18.3 km N of Mt Palgrave, 18.9 km SW of Wongajerra Well, 23° 12' 35" S, 1 15° 59' 24" E, 6 July 1995, 5. van Leeuwen 1864 (KARRATHA, PERTH); Barlee Range Nature Reserve, 1 6 km WSW of Jarrabuduundy Bore, 17.2 km N of Mt Palgrave, 20.2 km SW of Wongajerra Well, 23° 13' 08" S, 1 15° 58' 44" E, 6 July 1995, S. van Leeuwen 1873 (KARRATHA, PERTH). Distribution. Known from the type location c. 90 km north-west of Newman, c. 350 km west of the type locality in the Barlee Ranges and c. 270 km south-west of the type locality at Mt Augustus. Habitat. Gro ws i n gritty sandy soi I tilong the edge of watercourse (D.E. Murfet 1 097); in wet root mass of Melaleuca leucadendra at edge of permanent pool and in similar but drier ground in sandy clay amongst root fibres with Eleocliaris geniculata, Lobelia sp., Fimbristylis sp. and Stemodia grossa (M.E. Trudgen 1 1489); alongside pool at base of gorge, in gritty brown clay loam with lots of silt and organic material (5. van Leeuwin 1864); in damp red brown soil, gritty silty soil, low in landscape, herbfield around edge of pool (5. van Leeuwin 1873); and with Drosera indica, Edney’s Walk, Mt Augustus (photos seen by authors, vouchers not collected, pers, comm. J. Thompson 1998). Flowering period. August-September. Consen’ation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. StyUdium weeliwolli is locally abundant at its known locations and currently not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, weeliwolli is from the Australian Aboriginal words meaning “we arc water running” or simply “running water”. The type location along Weeli Wolli Creek falls within the region used by the linguistic group known as the Nyiyaparli (sometimes incorrectly speltNiapaili). This nomcnclatural information was provided by Gordon Ulinc, a senior law person in this language group and communicated to us by Dr Stephen van Leeuwin, CALM, Karratha. Affinities. The nearest relative to StyUdium weeliwolli is the south-western species S. calcaratum. S. weeliwolli differs from S. calcaratum (whose contrasting characters are given in parentheses) by having 4 rod-shaped throat appendages, 2 fused along their length and 2 subulate and free to base (throat appendages 2, reniform); anterior corolla lobes distinctly cruciform (anterior corolla lobes meeting at apex but only slightly crossed over each other); posterior corolla lobes apex ± tricrenate (apex tridentate); and labellum lageniform, apex emarginate (labellum elliptic, apex irregularly seiTate). Notes. StyUdium weeliwolli has been recorded as a perennial plant (A/.f. Trutlgen 1 1489), but this is doubtful as all other laxa in Stylidiaceae subg. Centridium are annuals. Acknowledgements We would like to thank Denzel Murfet and Malcolm Trudgen for their collections and their personal communications regarding field observations of StyUdium weeliwolli; Dr Stephen van Leeuwin for his collections, personal communications and information gathered for the meaning of Weeli Wolli; 206 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Gordon Uline for providing the interpretation of the place name Weeli Wolli; John Thompson for his photographs and data on S. weeliwolli at Mt Augustus; Gordon Graham for his companionship on expeditions to the Kimberley; MaKhew and Russell Barrett for their collection and field observations of 5. diceratum; the leaders and members of the 1 996 Landscape Expedition to the Kimberley; Dr Sid James for the chromosome counts; Paul Wilson for his assistance with the Latin diagnoses; Dr Barbara Rye for her comments, and the staff of the Western Australian Herbarium. References Farrell, P.G. & James, S.H. (1979). Stylidiiim econie (F. Muell. ex Erickson and Willis) comb, et stat. nov. (Stylidiaceae). Au.stnilian Journal of Botany 27: 39-45. Mildbraed, J. (1908). .Stylidiaceae. In: Engler, A. (ed.) “Das Pflanzenreich.” Vol. IV, 278 (35). pp. 1-98 (Engelmann: Leipzig.) Nuytsia 1 2(2):207-228( 1 998) 207 A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae) B.L. Rye and M.E. Trudgen Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Rye, B.L. & M.E. Trudgen. A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae). Nuytsia 12(2); 207-228(1998). The south-western Australian plant group Dicrastylis Drumm. ex Harv. sect. Dtcraj/y/A (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae) is revised. A key and distribution maps are given for the 1 1 taxa currently recognized in the section, of which nine have been formally named as species and two are known only by phrase names. Dicrastylis morrisonii Munir is reduced to a synonym of D. incana Munir. Two new species, Dicrastylis maritima Rye & Trudgen and D. soliparma Rye & Trudgen, are described and illustrated. Dicrastylis maritima is noteworthy in growing on the strand and coastal dunes. About half of the taxa appear to be rare and have been included on the Western Australian Priority Elora List. Introduction This paper presents a taxonomic revision ol' Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis. Dicrastylis is treated here as belonging to Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae rather than to family Chloanthaceae as in a previous paper (Rye 1996). Recent studies of anatomical and morphological characters (Cantino et al. 1992) and DNA studies (Qlmstead etal. in press) have indicated that the Chloanthaceae should not be treated as a separate family but combined with the Prostanthereae to form a subfamily of the Lamiaceae. Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Prior to 1978 only two species belonging to this section had been described. Live additional species were described by Munir (1978, 1991), who also defined the boundaries of the .section. Two further members of sect. Dicrastylis were recognized during a flora survey of the .Shark Bay area (Trudgen & Keighcry 1995) and were given Ihe phrase names Dicrastylis sp. Shark Bay (J.J. Alford 1 .5 1 8) and Dicrastylis sp. Peron Peninsul.'i [M.E. Trudgen 7373). d'hc former species is especially interesting as it is adapted to a harsh maritimeenvironment, growing on the strand and foredunes, a significant extension of the habitat range for the genus. 208 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Recently two more taxa that appear to be new species have been distinguished among the Dicrastylis herbarium specimens at PERTH. These have been allocated phrase names and placed on the Western Australian Priority Flora List. Dicrastylis sp. Cue {A. A. Mitchell 764) is known only from immature material and Dicrastylis sp. Denham (M. Lewis 42/92) from a single specimen. More collections are needed urgently to determine the taxonomic and conservation status of these poorly known taxa, as they may be endangered. Methods Except where otherwise indicated, all specimens cited are housed at PERTH, although duplicates may exist in other herbaria. All measurements were taken from dry pressed material. Leaf measurements were obtained from the larger leaves on each specimen. Flower length was taken only from well pressed flowers and did not include the stamens and style. Measurements of the corolla lobes for each species were taken from 5-merous llowers. Anthers were measured at the onset of dehiscence. Indumentum length was taken as the distance the hairs protrude vertically above the surface to which they are attached. The width of dendritic hairs can be considerably greater than their length especially if they have only a very short stalk and a much larger branched portion that is horizontal. Distribution maps were plotted such that each symbol indicates the recorded occurrence of a taxon in a 0.25 degree latitude by 0.25 degree longitude area. The conservation codes given in this paper are those used by the Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management. An explanation of these codes is given at the end of this Nuytsia issue. Taxonomy Dicrastylis Drumm. ex Harv. sect. Dicrastylis Type: Dicrastylis fulva Drumm. ex Harv. Pityrodia sect. Xenotheca F. Muell. (Mueller 1859: 236). Type: Dicrastylis myriantha F. Muell. [= Dicrastylis fulva Drumm. ex Harv.]. Shrubs with a dense indumentum of branched (usually dendritic) hairs on the stems, on the lower surface of leaves and bracts and on the inflorescences. Leaves opposite and decussate or rarely in whorls of three; petiole short or absent. Cymes arranged in fairly lax corymbose panicles, usually obvious but sometimes hidden by the indumentum and appearing to be condensed into heads, with decussate branches each subtended by a leaf or bract, the uppermost bracts sessile, the basal peduncle usually much shorter than the main lateral branches of the panicle; upper bracts glabrous to sparsely hairy inside or hairy only near apex. Flowers 4-6-merous. Pedicels with a dense white indumentum of dendritic hairs. Calyx densely dendritic-hairy outside, glabrous inside or rarely with a few hairs towards apex; lobes slightly shorter than to much longer than tube. Cora//a white, the indumentum also white, usually unequally 5-lobed, the abaxial lobe largest and the two adaxial lobes shortest, with long simple hairs inside concentrated at throat but glabrous or largely glabrous elsewhere, with usually appressed dendritic hairs and scattered sessile glands on outside of lobes and extending at least a short distance B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis 209 below the base of each lobe but glabrous at base of tube; lobes about as long as or longer than tube, entire (notcrcnate). Stamen.? exsertcd but often exceeded in length by the largest corolla lobe, glabrous or with a few simple hairs on the base of the filament; filament inserted shortly below summit of floral tube, white; anther with sessile glands on the abaxial surface near the junction of the two cells. Style exserted, deeply 2-branched, with large white dendritic hairs densely arranged on the basal part and often extending onto the style branches (but usually with only a few scattered hairs towards the base of each branch). Fruit globular to broadly obovoid, usually with scattered sessile glands at least on summit, largely covered by a dense white indumentum; gynophore short, glabrous, often multi-ribbed. Distribution and habitat. The section consists of at least 9 species, occurring in sandy habitats in the south-west of Western Australia. It is absent from the extreme south-west but widespread in the remainder of the South West Botanical Province, with a concentration of species in the northern part of the province and the adjacent part of the Eremean Botanical Province, and with one of the southern species extending into the South-western Interzone. These botanical regions are defined in Beard (1980). The distributions of all members of section Dicrastylis are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Phenology. There are no significant differences in flowering times between members of section Dicrastylis, with all species flowering predominantly in the last three months of the year. As in many other plant groups in south-western Australia, those species with the more northern distributions tend to commence and complete flowering earlier than those with more southern distributions. Fruiting quickly follows flowering but seed set is poor. Although each ovary contains 4 ovules, most fruits contain only aborted seeds or undeveloped ovules. A few of the fruits examined had a single mature seed but none had more than one mature seed. Notes. The main morphological characters distinguishing sect. Dicrastylis from other sections of the genus are the relatively lax corymbose panicles and the long corolla lobes in relation to the length of the corolla tube. These features are well illustrated in Figures 6-13 of Munir’s (1978) revision, with the contrasting features of the other sections illustrated in Figures 1-5 & 14-31. Other sections of Dicrastylis have cymes condensed into head-like or spike-like clusters and either have corolla lobes all distinctly shorter than the corolla tube or (in the South Australian species D. verticillataJ.M.Bl&ck) highly zygomorphic flowers with an exceptionally large abaxial corolla lobe. In sect. Dicrastylis, the abaxial corolla lobe varies from being distinctly larger than the other lobes to almost the same size, this feature tending to vary more within species than between species. Indumentum characters, particularly the type and size of the hairs on various parts of the plant, are very important in distinguishing the species. Five distinct types of branched hairs are recognized here, as illustrated in Figure 3. Two of these (A, C) are clearly dendritic and two (D, E) are modified from the dendritic form to appear more scale-like. The last type of hair (B) is very distinctive, having a single sub-basal whorl of branches, and is possibly a modified stellate hair with a long central ray. All of these branched hairs have a patent stalk, but some of the more .scale-like hairs have a very reduced stalk and the branched upper portion appressed to the stem. For simplicity, dendritic hairs that have the upper part borne perpendicular to the stem are referred to here as ‘patent’ , those with the upper part horizontal but borne on a definite short stalk as ‘peltate-dendritic’ and those largely horizontal with an extremely short stalk as ‘subsessile scale-like’. Other important characters for distinguishing the taxa are leaf shape and size, flower length and anther length. 210 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 1. Geographical distributions, A - Dicrastylis archeri H , northern variant of D. soliparma ▼ and typical vanant of D. soliparma V ; B - /D. Jiilva • and D. obovata V- B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis 21 1 Figure 2. Geographical distributions. A - Dicrastylis incana V and D. maritUm • ; B - D. linearifolia O and D. sp. Denham ■ : C - O. micranlha ▼. D. parvifolia O and D. sp. Cue ■ . 212 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 3. Stem hair types. A-C. Fatcnt branched hairs, from side view. A - glandular dendritic hair of DUrastylis mcana\ B - glandular hair of D. niicmntha with sub-basal whorl of non-glandular branches; C - non-glandular dendritic hair of D. fulva. D.E. Non-glandular modified dendritic hairs with the branched portion horizontal, from top and side view. D - peltate-dendritic hair of D. s(>lipiinna\ E - subsessile scale-like hair of D. obovalu. Drawn from C.l. Stacey 564 (A), E.M. liennett 1477 (B), M.£. Phillips 27723 (C), C.A. Gardner Nov. 1933 (D) and G.F. Craig 2910 (E). Key to species 1. Pedicel and calyx with an appressed indumentum of subsessile scale-like hairs (Figure 3E) less than 0.2 mm long 2. Leaves obovate or broadly obovate, 6-16x3-10 mm; upper surface fairly uniformly hairy. Anthers 0.4-0.5 mm long. Occurs east of Hyden. (Frank Flann National Park area.) D. obovata 2. Leaves almost linear to narrowly obovate, 13-45 x 1-6 mm; upper surface glabrous throughout or with the bullae becoming glabrous. Anthers usually 0.6-0. 7 mm long. Occurs either north of Geraldton or east of Esperance 3. Upper leaf surface shallowly bullalc, hairy between the bullae. Stamens usually 5; filament 2.5-3. 7 mm long. (Meadow Station to Binnu to Mount Magnet) D. linearifolia 3. Upper leaf surface prominently reticulate-patterned, glabrous. Stamens usually 4; filament c. 1 .5 mm long. (Mt Heywood area) D. archeri 1. Pedicel with patent dendritic hairs 0.2-3. 5 mm long; calyx with either patent dendritic (Figure 3C) or peltate-dendritic (Figure 3D) hairs 0.2-3 mm long 4. Stem indumentum including glandular hairs (the glands sometimes lost with age); largest hairs up to 3.5 mm long, if less than 2 mm long then with a sub-basal whorl of simple branches. Leaves sessile 5. Largest hairs 2-3.5 mm long, dendritic, with several of the branches terminated by a gland (Figure 3A). Calyx lobes 1.2-2. 3 mm long, with hairs 0.8-3 mm long. (Chapman River to Greenough River) D. incana 5. Largest hairs 0.5-1 .3 mm long, with a sub-basal whorl of simple non-glandular hranches and with ti single terminal gland (Figure 3B). Calyx lobes 1-1.5 mm long, with hairs 0.2-0.35 mm long. (U.seless Loop to Kulbarri National Park) D. micrantha 4. Stem indumentum of non-glandular hairs; largest hairs up to 1.5 mm long, dendritic. Leaves usually subsessile or shortly petiolate B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicmstylis sect. Dicrastylis 213 6. Calyx with hairs 0.2-0. 4 mm long 7. Corolla lobes with a dense indumentum reaching the margin. Anthers 0.4-0. 6 mm long, pale yellowish to medium brown. Occurs on the coast on strand, dunes and limestone. (Dorre Island to Salutation Island) 7. Corolla lobes with a distinct glabrous border. Anthers 0.25-0.35 mm long, purple to black. Occurs either well inland or in hummock grassland close to, but not on, the coast 8. Leaves 5-20 x 1-3. 5(5) mm. Panicles 15-75 mm across. (Wubin area to Oldfield River to Queen Victoria Springs) 8. Leaves (as far as known) 20-30 X 8-10 mm. Panicles c. 130 mm across. (Peron Peninsula) 6. Calyx with hairs 0.5-1 .5 mm long 9. Leaves mostly narrowly ovate, the larger ones 35-40 mm long; undersurface prominently reticulate, with minute hairs not covering the large lacunae. Flowers c. 3 mm long. (Cue area) 9. Leaves varying from narrowly to broadly ovale or obovate, the larger ones 10-33(37) mm long, if more than 33 mm long then narrowly obovate; undersurface with small lacunae and/or with large hairs obscuring lacunae. Flowers 4-6 mm long 10. Stem indumentum (not including inflorescence branches) of patent dendritic hairs 0.4- 1.4 mm long (Figure 3C). Leaves mostly narrowly to broadly ovate, 5-14 mm wide. (Mainly Kalbarri to Agnew) 10. Stem indumentum (not including inflorescence branches) of peltate-dendritic hairs up to 0.3 mm long (Figure 3D). Leaves mostly narrowly obovate or obovate, 3-9 mm wide. (Peron Peninsula to Jibberding Station) D. maritima . D. parvifolia D. sp. Denham D. sp. Cue D. fulva D. soliparma Dicrastylis archeri Munir (Munir 1991: 86-89). Type: North of Mt Heywood [precise locality withheld]. Western Australia, 1 December 1 990, W.R. Archer 1 12907 (holo: AD u.v., illustration seen; iso: PERTH 02504847). Illustration. The holotype is illustrated in Munir (1991: Figure 1). Shrubs l).4-\ m high, with a dense appressed indumentum on the young stems and inflorescences; indumentum of subsessile scale-like hairs. Young stems pale to medium grey at first, becoming dark grey, with white and ferruginous hairs up to 0. 1 mm long. Leave^opposite, an trorse, subsessile or shortly petiolate. Petioles up to 1.5 mm long. Leaf blades narrowly or very narrowly obovate, 13-26 x 1 .3-3.3 mm, acute or sometimes obtuse, with prominently recurved margins; lower surface pale green to whitish, closely covered by a dense short while indumentum; upper surface glabrous, medium green, prominently reticulate-patterned. Panicles 15^0 x 2(1-50 mm, many- flowered, with a dense appressed indumentum of rather scale-like white hairs on the axes, bracts, pedicels and calyx, often also with ferruginous hairs; basal peduncle up to 10 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches usually narrowly oblong-elliptic, the larger ones 2-3 mm long. Pe^/^■ce/^ upto4mm long; indumentum c. 0. 1 mm long. Flowers 4- or 5-merous or heteromerous (with 5 calyx lobes, 4 or 5 corolla lobes and 4 stamens), c. 3 mm long. Ctr/y.r with hairs c. 0.1 mm long; tube c. 0.5 mm long; lobes ovate or narrowly 214 Nuytsiu Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) ovate, c. 1 .4 mm long, usually narrowly ohiuse. Corolla-, tube c. 1 .4 mm long, the outside sparsely dendritic-hairy above the middle, with the indumentum becoming densertowards summit; lobes ovate or broadly ovate, the largest lobe c. 2 mm long and the others slightly shorter, obtuse, with a distinct glabrous border around the margin outside. Stamens: filament c. 1 .5 mm long; anther c. 0.6 mm long, pale-coloured. Style with pellale-dcndritic hairs c. 0.3 mm long; entire portion c. 1 .4 mm long; branches commonly 2-2.5 mm long. Fruit c. I.6x 1 .4 mm but not seen at maturity, fairly uniformly hairy. Seed not seen. Other specimen examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; NW of Mt Ney Rd [precise locality withheld), 21 May 1993, G.F. Craig & B. Haherley 211 S. Distribution. Occurs in the south-east of the South West Botanical Province, known from a small area near Mt Hey wood (east of Grass Patch). Habitat. Recorded in white sand in open mallee woodland. Phenology. Flowers and fruits: November to December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority One. This species is known only from two collections, probably both made from the same population. Notes. The extent of morphological variation in this species is scarcely known, as only one of the two available specimens is in (lower and there are no mature fruits. The single llowering specimen has more 4-mcrous flowers than 5-merous ones, and also many heteromerous flowers with 5 calyx lobes and 4 stamens. In all other members of sect. Dicrastylis, most of the flowers are 5-merous. Dicrastylis fulva J.R. Drumm. ex Harv. (Harvey 1855; 56). Type: Northern districts, [Western Australia], y. DrummondcoU.b, s.n. {lecto: TCD, fide Munir ( 1 978: 479); isolecto: MEL 40849, 4085 1 , 40854, 40856, 40857, 41230). Pityrodia myriantha F. Mucll. (Mueller: 1859: 236, 244). Type: Murchison River, [Western Australia, [ A. Oldfield (ho lo: MEL 40855). Illustration. Munir ( 1 978: Figure 1 I ). Shruhs().?>- \ .2( 1 . 6) m high, with a dense indumentum on the young stems, leaves and inflore.scences, the young shoots pale to medium ferruginous. Young stems pale to dark ferruginous, with patent dendritic hairs, the larger ones 0.4-1 .5 mm long. Leaves opposite or very rarely in whorls of three, widely spreading, often somewhat retrorse, subsessile or shortly petiolate, densely hairy at first. Petioles up to 1 .5 mm long. Leaf blades usually ovate to elliptic or broadly so, sometimes narrowly ovate or narrowly obovale to obovale but the uppermost leaves subtending the main branches of the panicle always more oi less ovale, (12)1 4-33 x (5 )6- 1 4 mm, narrowly to broadly obtuse, with recurved margins, medium grey-green or somewhat ferruginous at first, becoming dark green on both surfaces or somewhat paler on lower surface; lower surface becoming sparsely hairy with age and the .sessile glands within the pits then becoming visible; upper surface moderately deeply to deeply bullate, with hairs 0.3-1 .2 mm long. Panicles ( 1 5)30-1 60 x (25)70-1 90 mm, with pink or ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes, bracts and calyx lobes; basal peduncle up to 60 mm long, /fracti' subtending upper branches ovate, the larger ones 4-7.5 mm long. Pedicels up to 6.5 mm long; indumentum B.L. Rye & M B. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Diemstylis 215 0. 4-1.1 mm long. Flowers mo.stly 5-mcrous, with occa.sional 6-merous llowcrs sometimes present, 5-6 mm long. Culy.x with while and coloured (pink or ferruginous) hairs 0.7-1. 5 mm long; tube 0.4-1 mm long; lobes ovale or narrowly ovate, 0.8-1. 5 mm long, usually narrowly obtuse or aeute. Corolla: lube 1 .3-2.0 mm long, the outside glabrous or subglabrous on the ribs but hairy at base of each corolla lobe, the hairs usually becoming denser towards summit; lobes ohovate-oblong or broadly so, the largest lobe 1 .5-4.3 mm long and the others 1 .3-3.5 mm long, broadly obtuse, with a distinct glabroLis border around the margin outside. Stamens: filament I 6-3.5 mm long; anther 0.4-0.6 mm long, dark purplish black. Style with patent dendritic hairs 0.4-0. 9 mm long; entire portion 1 .0-2. 1 mm long; branches 1 .5-2.5 mm long. Fruit possibly not fully mature, the largest seen c. 1 .8 X 1 .3 mm, with the largest hairs towards the summit. Seed not seen. (Figures 3C, 4A-C) Figure 4. A-C'. Dicni.stylh fulvu. A - leal (x2); B — leal hair (x20); C - corolla (x8). D— 1. Dicrastylis solipanna. D - flowci 'iig branch (x I ); It - .stem hair (xSO); I- - leaf (x2); G - Hower (x8); tl - corolla (x8); I - fruit (xl2). Drawn from G.E. lirockway Oct. 1947 (.‘\-C). A’.,/. Cninfieict & F. Spencer 8378 (D.fi.G.H) and /•'. Lulljilz 3165 (F,l). 216 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Near Youanmi, Oct. 1931, G.E. Brockway 33; 28 miles [45 km] Nof Ajana, Oct, 1947, G.E. Brockway, 1 0 miles [ 1 6 km] along Mullewa-Morawa road, 6 Oct. 1984, A. C. fiurnj 3; Mount Magnet, 2 Oct. 1959, W.H. Butler, 158.3 km WSW of Yalgoo towards Mullewa, 3 1 Aug. 1976, R. Coven)' 794 1 cfe Mctj/m; Northampton, Nov. 1901, Diels& Pritzel, 2 1 .6 km N of Northampton Post Office on North West Coastal Highway, 2 Oct. 1 988, / M. Fox 88/107;EofCasuarinasRd,EofGeraldton,24 Oct. 1 992, E.A. 7528; Dirk Hartog Island, Mamn 32 (MEL); State Farm, Chapman River, 1 Nov. 1903, A. Morrison; East Yuna Reserve, Oct. 1976, B.G. Muir 344; 58 km W of Yalgoo, 8 Oct. 1 989, B. Nordenstam & A. Anderberg 438; 4 miles [6 km] inland from Kalbarri, 18Scp. 1968, A/.C. P/u7/i>^;c. 8 km W of Mullewa, 5 Oct. 1969,D.y.£. Whibley 3126. Distribution. Extends from Eurardy Station and Kalbarri National Park in the north of the South West Botanical Province east to near Agnew in the Eremean Botanical Province. A very isolated record 200 km further north from Dirk Hartog Island {Martin 32, MEL) may be inaccurate in its locality as no collections have been made since of the species from this island. The Dirk Hartog Island specimen has no date but must have been collected by 1883 because it was cited in Mueller (1883). Habitat. Occurs in a variety of sandy soils, probably mainly on plains, in vegetation dominated by varied shrub and tree species. Phenology. Flowers mainly August to December, also recorded July. Fruits recorded October to December, but only one specimen {G.E. Brockway 33) appears to have mature fruits. Conservation status. Dicrastylis fulva is a fairly common species, with a range of over 600 km, and is not considered to be at risk. Notes. A single specimen of D. fulva {A.C. Burns 3) is atypical in having leaves in whorls of three, all other specimens having opposite leaves. Occasionalfloralabnormalitiesarefoundinafewspecimens. For example, one specimen {R. Coveny 7941 & B.R. Maslin) has a few flowers that have eight calyx lobes and three style branches. In Dicrastylis fulva most of the leaves are elliptic to broadly ovate rather than narrowly obovate or obovate as in its closest relative D. soliparma. Dicrastylis incana Munir (Munir 1978: 484-486). Type: 35 miles [56 km] from Geraldton towards Mullewa, Western Australia, 30 September 1962, M.E. Phillips {holo: CBG 020641 n.v., photograph PERTH 03200973). Dicrastylis morrisonii Munir (Munir 1978: 485-489). Type: State Farm, upper Chapman River, north- east of Geraldton, Western Australia, 5 November 1903, A. Morrison {holo: PERTH 01 173626). Illustrations. The holotype of D. incana is illustrated in Figure 12 and the holotype of its synonym D. morrisonii in Figure 13 of Munir (1978). Shrubs 0.3-1 .5 m high, with a dense indumentum on the young stems, leaves and inflorescences, the young shoots usually pale grey-green; indumentum of long patent dendritic hairs with multiple glands each terminating a short branch. Young stems pale greyish or rarely pale brown or ferruginous, the larger hairs 2-3.5 mm long. Leaver opposite, usually antrorse, sometimes widely spreading, sessile, B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicmstylis sect. Dicrastylis 217 narrowly ovate-triangular to narrowly ovate, 1 1-25 x 2. 5-7.5 mm, narrowly to broadly obtuse, with prominently recurved margins, densely hairy at first, medium grey-green or somewhat ferruginous at first; lower surface sometimes scarcely visible between the recurved margins, pale grey-green, with a dense indumentum of long white hairs; upper surface deeply or very deeply bullate, dark green, with white hairs mainly between the bullae, the larger hairs 1 .5-3 mm long at first but generally becoming broken off towards the base in older leaves. Panicles 30-80 x 45-140 mm, many-flowered, with white and sometimes also ferruginous hairs on the axes, bracts and calyx lobes; basal peduncle up to 15 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches narrowly or very narrowly ovate to linear, the larger ones 4- 10 mm long. Pedicels up to 5(10) mm long; indumentum 0.8-2.3(3.5) mm long. Flowers mostly 5- merous with occasional 6-merous flowers sometimes present, possibly also occasionally some 4-merous Howers, 3-5 mm long. Calyx with white or rarely pale ferruginous hairs 0.8-2(3) mm long; tube 0.3-0.4 mm long; lobes narrowly triangular to narrowly ovate, 1 .2-2.3 mm long, usually narrowly obtuse or acute. Corolla: tube 1 .6-2.2 mm long, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the ribs outside; lobes obovate-oblong to ovate or broadly so, the largest lobe 2.2-3.6 mm long and the others 1. 3-2.8 mm long, broadly obtuse, with adistinct glabrous margin outside. Stamens: filament 0.8-2 mm long; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long, dark purplish. Styie with patent dendritic hairs 0.4-0.5 mm long; entire portion 0.7-2.0 mm long; branches 1 .2-2.3 mm long. Fruit c. 1.6x 1.5 mm, with the largesthairs on the summit. Seed not seen. (Figure 3A) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: East Yuna Reserve, Oct. 1976, B.G. Muir 33 1 ; 12 kmEof Greenough River crossing on Geraldton-Mullewa road, 5 Oct. 1994, S. Patrick2034; 14.8 km N along Valentine Rd from Geraldton-Mount Magnet road W of Eradu, 1 Nov. 1994, S. Patrick 2143; 0.5 mile [0.8 km] E of Greenough River at Eradu, 31 Oct. 1963, R.D. Royce 8020; 1 1 km SE of Yuna, 29 Sep. 1976, C.l. S’racey 564; Eradu, Nov. 1934,//. Steedman\c. 36kmEofYuna, 8Nov. 1990, N. & J. Tunbridge 4. Distribution. Occurs in the northern part of the South West Botanical Province, extending from the upper Chapman River south to Eradu and east to north of Pooten Crossing (Greenough River). Habitat. Occurs in sandy soils, often in low or very open woodlands, dominated by a variety of sandplain species in genera such as Actinostrobus and Grevillea. Phenology. Flowers: September to November. Fruits recorded in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Previously listed twice on the Priority Flora List, first as D. incana with Priority One and the second time as a presumed extinct species D. morrisonii. Now known from more localities including a flora reserve and consequently given a reduced priority level. Notes. This species is the only member of sect. Dicrastylis to have glandular dendritic hairs of the type illustrated in Figure 3A. These hairs have a number of short branches each terminated by a gland. The name Dicrastylis morrisonii was published at the same time as D. incana, with both taxa described from single collections, the former taxon representing an extreme of the variation found within this species. Seven additional collections are cited above, all closer to the latter type but including some intermediate states in the characters originally used to distinguish the two taxa. The type of D. morrisonii appears to be a particularly lush specimen, possibly collected close to the banks of the Chapman River. D. morrisonii is here reduced to a synonym of the more commonly used name D. incana. 218 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Although most specimens have the greyish appearance implied by the epithet incana owing to their long white or off-white indumentum, one collection (C./. Stacey 564) has pale ferruginous hairs. All specimens at PERTH have 5-merous (lowers and several (e.g. B.G. Muirh'i 1 ) have occasional 6-merous flowers. The type specimen of D. incana was reported to have occasional 4-merous flowers (Munir 1978: 485). Dicrastylis linearifolia Munir (Munir 1978: 468-470). Type: 473 mile post on North West Coastal Flighway [262 km north of Geraldton, south of Billabong Roadhouse], Western Australia, 1 2 December 1971, A.M. Ashby 4496 {hula: AD n.v., illustration seen; iso: PERTH 01082167). Illustration. The holotype of I), linearifolia is illustrated in Munir (1978: Figure 7). Shrubs 1 .5-3 m high, with a dense appressed indumentum on the young stems and inflorescences; indumentum of sub.sc.ssile scale-like hairs, the young shoots pule grey-green or pale ferruginous-green. Young steins bright orange or dark orange- brown, with mainly ferruginous hairs up to 0.2 mm long. Leave.r opposite, antror.se or sometimes fairly widely spreading, .shortly petiolate. Petioles 1-4.5 mm long. Leaf blades almost linear to narrowly obovate, 1 6-45 x .3-6 mm, acute or obtu.se, with recurved margins; lower surface pale grey-green, densely covered by an appres.sed white indumentum, with scattered sessile glands sometimes visible; upper surface medium to dark green, shallowly bullale on upper surface and becoming glabrous on the bullae but retaining very short white hairs between the bullae. Panicles usually many-flowered and 20-45 x 30-55 mm, rarely reduced to a few flowers and only c: 10 mm lung, with ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes, bracts and calyx lobes; basal peduncle up to 1 3 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches usually narrowly ovate to ovate, the larger ones I -2 mm long. /AY//cx7.vupto3.5 mm long; indumentum c. 0.05 mm long. Flowers mostly 5-merous with occasional 4-nicrou,s flowers sometimes present, 4. 5-6.5 mm long. Calyx with an indumentum c. 0,05 mm long; tube 0.5-1 .3 mm long; lobes narrowly triangular to ovate, 0.9-i .6 mm long, usually acute. Corolla: tube 1 .7-2.3 mm long, theoutsidesparsely hairy for a short distance below the middle and fairly densely hairy above the middle; lobes usually obovate or broadly obovate, the largest lobe 2.8-4 mm long and the others 2.2-3.3 mm long, broadly obtuse, with a distinct glabrous margin outside. Stamens: filament 2.5-3. 7 mm long; anther ().6-().7 mm long, pale-coloured or red- brown. Style with patent dendritic hairs c. 0.3 mm long; entire portion 1.5-3 mm long; branches I. 5-2. 5 mm long. Fruit 1.8-2. 4 x 1.6-1. 8 mm, fairly uniformly hairy. .S'eer/ not seen. Other specimens e.xamined. WE.S FERN AUSTRALIA; Iona Station, near Mount Magnet, 25 Sep, 1973, J. S. Beard 6666; Meadow turnoff, Carnarvon road, 17 Nov. 1968, H. Demarz 707; 0.5 mile N of 419 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway | 173 km N of Geraldton], 7 Dec. 1972,//, Demarz Alll', 439 mile peg on Carnarvon road |2()4 km N of Geraldton], 10 Dec. 1974, //. Demarz 553 1 ; 4 1 3 mile peg. Great Northern lligliway 1 1 63 km N of Geraldton], 2 1 Jan. 1976, II. Demarz 5991; 438 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway [203 km N of Geraldton], C.A. GardnerllSS', Cistern I, 40 km N of Murchison River, 20 Dec. 1 962, C./l. Gardner 14274; 0.75 mile N 0(415 mile peg on Carnarvon road ] 167 km N of Geraldton], 14Dec. 1 9(r4, F. VL //KW!/;/;re>'.v 6333; Binnu, 18Dec. 1962, F. Lullfitz 1954- 438 mile peg |203 km N of Geraldton |, F. Lullfitz2\^5: 435 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway [ 1 98 km N of Gerakiton], 7 Dec. 1965, F. LidlfltzASSy, 436 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway ]20() km N of Geraldton], I I Dec. 1 966, F. L/(///(rz 5956; Botra paddock, Meka Station, lODec. 1980, A./). Mitchell 842. Di.stribution. Occurs m the northern part of the South West Botanical Province from Meadow Station south to Binnu. Also known from Meka and Iona Stations (both near Mount Magnet) in the Ercmean Botanical Province. B.L. Rye & M B. Trudgen, A taxononiie revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastyiis 219 Habitat. Recorded in red sandy soils. Of the two inland records, one is given as a sand ridge and the other as “howgada [Acacia] sand plain”. The western collections give no information on associated vegetation or landl'orms except for one mention of sandheath. Phenology. Flowers recorded in November to December. Fruits recorded December to January. Consen’ation statu.s. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority Three. This species is now known from about ten localities over a range of almost 400 km, but none from conservation reserves. Notes. This species has the shortest indumentum and the most obviously petiolate leaves known for section Dicrastyiis. Although the panicles are occasionally reduced to a few flowers, some many- llowered panicles are present on all specimens. Most specimens appear to have uniformly 5-merous flowers but some of the Howers are 4-merous on F. Lullfitz 1954. Dicrastyiis maritima Rye & Trudgen, sp. nov. Dicrastyli solipannae alTinis sed floribus parvioribus et indumento calycis breviore. Typus: Peron Peninsula, Western Australia, 4 November 1989, M.E. Trudgen 7375 {holo: PERTH 01224751; /«;.■ CANB, K, MEL). Shrubs 0. 1-0.5 m high, erect or decumbent, often spreading, with a silvery appearance resulting from a dense while indumentum of patent dendritic hairs on the stems and leaves. Stems with hairs commonly 0. 2-0.4 mm long on young stems, up toO.8 mm long on older stems. Leaver opposite, widely spreading and often somewhat retror.se, subsessile or shortly petiolate. Petioles uplo 1 .3 mm long. Leaf blades narrowly ovate or narrowly oblong to elliptic, 7-24 x 3-9 mm, obtuse or acute, with recurved margins, pale green or grey-green, the indumentum in young leaves commonly 0. 1-0.2 mm long over most of blade but often 0.3-().5 nun long along the midvein, in old leaves becoming sparse and up to 1 mm or more long; lower surface with a dense indumentum and scattered sessile glands; upper surface very shallowly bullate. Panicles 10-45 x 15-85 mm, many-tlowered, with ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes, bracts and calyx lobes; basal peduncle up to 32 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches ovate, the larger ones 2-2.5 mm long. Pedicels up to 2.5 mm long; indumentum 0.2-0. 3 mm long. Flowers 4-6-merous but mostly 5-merous, 3-4 mm long. Calyx with white and ferruginous hairs 0.2-0. 3 mm long; tube 1 .0-1.4 mm long; lobes ovate or broadly ovate, 1 .0-1 .4 mm long, narrowly obtuse or acute. Corolla: lube 1 .4-1.8 mm long, the outside hairy above the middle, the indumentum becoming denser towards summit; lobes ovate or broadly ovate, the largest lobe 1.6-2 4 mm long and the others 1. 3-2.0 mm long, broadly obtuse, with a very dense indumentum throughout the outer surface. Stamens: filament 1.8-3 mm long; anther 0.5-0. 6 mm long, pale yellowish to medium brown. Style with patent dendritic hairs 0.4-0. 6 mm long; entire portion 1 .0- 1 .8 mm long; branches 1 .5-2 mm long. Fruit 2.0-2. 5 x 1 .9-2.2 mm, fairly uniformly hairy or with some longer hairs on summit. Seed c. 1 .5 x 0.9 mm, soft, white, with an inconspicuous extremely fine reticulate pattern on the surface. (Figures 3D, 5) 220 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 5. Dicrastylis marituna. A - llowering stem (xl), B - lower and upper surfaces of leaf (x3), C - flower (x7), D - stamen (x 13), E - style (xlO), F - dendritic hair from a style branch (x60), G - fruit (xlO), H - seed (x8.5). Drawn from M.E. Trudgen 737.3 (A-C), H. Deiiuirz .3508 (C-F) and P.G. Wilson 8238 (G,H). Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA (all PERTH); Salutation Island, Frcycinet Estuary, 12Sep, 1989, J.T AZ/orr/; Salutation Island, Freycinet Estuary, 14Sep. ]9^9,J../. Alford 1318; 2 km N of Eagle Bluff, Peion Station, 1 1 Nov. 1982, R.J. Cranfield 2560; Eagle Bluff, 6 Dec. 1974, H. Demarz 5508; Behind White Beach, Done Island, 1 1 Nov. 1973, T. Evans', By Homestead, Dirk Hartog Island, 7 Sep. 1972, A. 5. George 11617; Dorre Island, 16 Dec. 1973, K.F. Kenneally 12; Sandy Point, Dirk Hartog Island, 6 Sep. 1 967, M.H. Near southern part of Useless Inlet, 29 Sep. 1989, M.E. Trudgen 7374; South Transect, Dorre Island, 16 Aug. 1977, A.S. Weston 10527; S of South Transect, Dorre Island, 18 Aug. 1977, A. 5. Weston 10545;NofGouletBluff,Peron Peninsula, 22 Mar. 1969, P.G. Wilson 8238. Distribution. Restricted to the Shark Bay region, extending from Dorre Island south to Useless Loop in the Eremean Botanical Province and also recorded from Salutation Island in the far north of the South West Botanical Province. Habitat. Occurs on off-shore islands and along the coast on the mainland, growing in deep sand on the upper strand and coastal dunes, also in sand over limestone on coastal cliffs. Recorded in low coastal shrublands and Spinifex hummock grasslands. Sometimes Dicrastylis maritima is the dominant shrub species. Like many other coastal plants, the species sometimes has long, more or less horizontal main stems buried in the shifting sands. Phenology. Flowers recorded August to December. Fruits recorded December to March. B.L. Rye & M E. Tradgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis 221 Consen'ation status. Although of fairly restricted distribution and habitat, this species is not considered to be at risk at present. Known from at least ten locations including three nature reserves or national parks. Etymology. From the Latin maritimus - by the sea, referring to the coastal distribution of the species. Notes. The phrase name Dicrastylis sp. Shark Bay (J.J. Alford 1318) has been applied to this species at PERTH. Dicrastylis maritima can be distinguished from the other members of sect. Dicrastylis by the more extensive indumentum on the outside of its corolla lobes, which reaches and protrudes slightly beyond the margin, the other species having a distinct glabrous border to the corolla lobes. It shows greatest similarity to D. soliparma, differing vegetatively in its usually shorter and broader leaves, which arc more often patent to retrorse than in the other species, and its more erect branches on the stem hairs. It also differs from D. soliparma in its usually smaller panicles, smaller flowers, shorter calyx indumentum and paler anthers. Dicrastylis maritima is the only member of its genus recorded from coastal dunes, and certainly the only one known from the strand. It occurs north or north-west of the known ranges of other members of sect. Dicrastylis, overlapping slightly with D. micrantha and possibly also overlapping with D.fulva. One odd specimen collected from Peron Peninsula appears to be intermediate in morphology between D. maritima and D. micrantha. This might possibly be a hybrid or a new variant of one of the two species but is currently treated as a distinct species under the phrase name Dicrastylis sp. Denham (M. Lewis Aim). Two vegetative specimens (M.H. Manning 6/9/1967 and A. 5. Weston 10545) of D. maritima differ from the flowering and fruiting specimens in having larger mature leaves with a longer sparser indumentum. Occasional 6-merous flowers or heteromerous flowers (e.g. with six calyx lobes but only five corolla lobes) have been observed on a number of specimens and occasional 4-merous flowers observed on other specimens such as the type. The description given above for the fruit and seed is based on a few fruits from P.G. Wilson 8238 and H. Demarz 5508, the only known fruiting specimens. Dicrastylis micrantha Munir (Munir 1978: 475-478). Type: About 175 km north of Geraldton, Western Australia, 2 October 1966, E.A. Shaw 610 (holo: AD n.v., illustrations seen). Illustrations. The holotype of D. micrantha is illustrated in Munir (1978: Figures 9,10). Shrubs 0.4- 1 rn high, with a dense indumentum on the young stems, leaves and inflorescences, the young shoots pale grey-green or pale ferruginous, the vegetative indumentum of minute and much larger patent branched hairs; large hairs with a sub-basal whorl of non-glandular branches and a thick main axis terminated by a gland. Young stems dark red-brown to pale ferruginous, the glandular hairs 0.5-1. 3 mm long. Leaves opposite, usually antrorse, sometimes widely spreading, sessile, usually narrowly obovate, sometimes narrowly oblong-elliptic or narrowly ovate, 17-38 x 3-9.5 mm, acute to broadly obtuse, with recurved margins; lower surface usually somewhat paler than upper surface, the indumentum mainly of short star-like hairs but also some long glandular hairs especially on the midvem, with sessile glands visible within the pits; upper surface moderately deeply to deeply bullate, medium to dark green, with a mixture of short star-like and long glandular hairs, the glandular hairs up to 1 mm long. Panicles (25)40-160 x (30)60-200 mm, many-Bowered, with deep pink or ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes, bracts and calyx lobes; basal peduncle up to 50 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, the larger ones 222 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) 2.5-4 mm long. Pedicels up to 3 mm long; indumentum 0.2-0.4 mm long. Flowers A-6-memus but mostly 5-mcrous, 2-3 mm long. Calyx with hairs 0.2-0.35 mm long; lubeO.3-0.5 mm long; lobes ovate or narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 mm long, usually narrowly obtuse or acute. Corolla: tube 1 .2-1 .7 mm long, the outside hairy near base of each corolla lobe and glabrous or subglabrous on the ribs; lobes obovate to broadly ovate, the largest lobe 1 .4-2 mm long and the others 0.9-1 .6 mm long, broadly obtuse, with a distinct glabrous margin outside. Stamens: filament 1.4-2. 5 mm long; anther 0. 3-0.4 mm long, dark purple to black. Style with patent dendritic hairs 0.3-0.4 mm long; entire portion 0.6- 1 .3 mm long; branches 0.5- 1 .5 mm long. Fruit c. 1 .3 x 0.7 mm but possibly not fully mature, with the largest hairs on the summit. not seen. (Figure 3B) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Carnarvon-Geraldton road nearer Geraldton, Sep. 1968, K. Baird’, Between Hamelin and Tamala, 10 Oct. l973,/5. Beard 619C, 436 miles along North West Coastal Highway 1200 km N of Geraldton 1, 2 Oct. 1 966, E.M. Bennett 1 477; Tamala Station, 1 2 Oct. 1973, J.S. Beard 68 1 6; Useless Loop-Tamala road, 27 Oct. 1 974, J.R. Cannon 331, 0.5 mile N of 44 1 mile peg on Carnarvon road 1 209 km N of Geraldton], 17 Nov. 1 968, /7. Demarz 7 1 1 ; 23 km NofNerren Ncrren, 3 Oct. 1985, H. Demarz 10802; Murchison area, 1 1 Dec. 1985,//. Demarz 11187; 16 miles [26 km| S of Wannoo Roadhouse, North West Coa.stal Highway, 9 Sep. 1970, A.S'. George 10368; Carnarvon District, Oct. 1966, /.A. Hutchinson’, mW&p&gon North We.st Coastal Highway [158kmNofGeraldton|,20Dec. 1962, F. Liillfitz 1962; 426 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway [184 km N of Geraldton], 20 Oct. 1965, F. LullfitzA29A’, c. 14.5 miles [23 km] S of Wannoo, 17 Sep. 1968, M.E. Phillips. Distribution. Extends from Useless Loop in the Eremean Botanical Province south-east to between Nerren Nerren Station and Kalbarri National Park in the north of the South West Botanical Province, a range of c. 170 km. Habitat. Recorded from red sand or sandplain, one record from “intermediate sandplain (Acacia- Hakea-Melaleuca)" . Phenology. Flowers: September to December. Fruits recorded in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Known from a fairly restricted distribution ( 150 km) and not known from any conservation reserves. Notes. This species can be readily identified by the very distinctive indumentum on its stems. The larger hairs are comprised of a thick patent axis of c. 5 elongate cells and a whorl of short spreading non-glandular branches located at the Junction of the two basal cells, the axis terminated by a gland (Figure 3B). All other species in sect. Dicrastylis have the hairs branched towards the summit or for most of their length, not just near the base and not forming a simple whorl. The largest leaves of the PERTH specimens are all in the range 3-9.5 mm wide, but according to the original de.scription the leaves are occasionally as large as 10-15 mm wide. Although the flowers are small, they are arranged in a very large inflorescence with long branches. Flowers are mostly 5-merou.s, with occasional 4-merous (lowers observed on a number of specimens, while 6-merous (lowers were observed only on .I.S. Beard 68 1 6. Two specimens collected from areas that are far outside the known range of this species were previously included under it but are excluded here. Thc.sehave now been redetermined as D. parvifolia and are discussed under that species. B.L. Rye & M.K. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis 223 Dicrastylis obovata Munir (Munir 1978:465-468). Type; Frank Hann National Park, west of 90 Mile Tank, Western Australia, 10 December \ 97 \,R.D. Royce 10231 {holo: PERTH 01603574). Illustration. The holotype of D. obovata is illustrated in Munir (1978: Figure 6). 5/2rM/«().4-1.7 m high, with a dense appressed indumentum on the young stems and inflorescences, the young shoots pale grey-green; indumentum of subsessile scale-like hairs. Young stems yellowish to orange-brown at first, becoming dark ferruginous with age, with white and ferruginous hairs up to 0.2 mm long. Leaves opposite or rarely in whorls of three, antrorse, subsessile or shortly petiolate. Petioles up to 1 ,3 mm long. Leaf blades ohovate or broadly obovate, 6-16x3-10 mm, broadly obtuse, with recurved margins, usually moderately densely hairy at first, with scattered sessile glands often visible; lower surface usually appearing slightly paler then upper surface and more distinctly reticulate-patterned, the pits densely white-hairy, the ridges tending to become glabrous and medium green; upper surlace very shallowly bullale to rugose, medium green, with hairs c. 0.1 mm long. Panicles 15-50 x 1 5-65 mm, many-flowered, with ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes and bracts; basal peduncle up to 4 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches usually narrowly ovate, the larger ones commonly 2-4 mm long. Pedicels up to 4 mm long; indumentum c. 0.1 mm long. Flowers mostly 5-merous, with occasional 4-merous flowers sometimes present, 4-6 mm long. Calyx often with deep pink and/or ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs c. 0. 1 mm long; tube c. 0.5 mm long; lobes ovate or narrowly ovate, commonly 1.5-2 mm long, usually narrowly obtuse, with a distinct glabrous margin outside. Corolla: tube commonly 1 .7-2.5 mm long, largely glabrous outside but hairy below each corolla lobe; lobes broadly or very broadly ovate, the largest lobe 2.4-3 mm long and the others 1.3-2 mm long, broadly obtuse. Stamens: filament 2-2.5 mm long; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long, pale-coloured. Style with pcllate-dcndritic hairs 0.2-0.3 mm long; entire portion 1. 5-2.3 mm long; branches 1 .5—2.5 mm long. Fruit c. 1 .5 x 1 .4 mm but not seen at maturity, fairly uniformly hairy. Seed not seen. (Figure 3F) Other. specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 36.9 km E of Vermin Proof Fence along Lake King-Norseman road, Frank Hann National Park, 1 9 Sep. 1 993, G.F. Craig 29 1 0; Lake King-Norseman road, 30 Oct. 1988, £.7. Croxfbrd 6244; 25 miles [40 kmj Wof 90 Mile Tank, 170ct. \914,H. Demarz 5366; Between Forrestania and Lake King, 25 Nov. 1 964, CA. Gardner; 46.2 miles [74 kml E of Lake King crossroads, 14 Nov. 1965, F.W. Himphrey.s; 46.3 miles [75 km] E of Lake King crossroads, 14Nov. \965, F.W. Humphreys; 45 km SW of 90 Mile Tank, Frank Hann National Park, 1 3 Nov. 1979,’ K.R. Newbey 6505; 28 miles [45 km[ W of 90 Mile Tank, 17 Oct. 1974, E. Wittwer 1446; 23 miles [37 km[ E of vermin fence. Lake King to Daniel, 28 Nov. 1974, E. Wittwer 1487. Distribution. Recorded from west of Lake Hope and from Frank Hann National Park in the South West Botanical Province. Habitat. Recorded mainly growing in yellow sand on ridges or low dunes, with Grevillea excelsior or other shrub or malice species. Phenology. Flowers: October to November. Fruits: November to December, judging from the only Iruiting specimen (E. Wittwer 1487), which bore immature fruits in late November. Comservation .status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Although the species occurs in a large national park, it is known from only a few localities in a small area and a recent survey ol this area (Diana Papenfus pers. comm.) has failed to relocate the species. 224 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Notes. Readily distinguished from other members of section Dicrastylis by its rather short and broad obovate leaves. Dicrastylis parvifolia F. Muell. (Mueller 1861: 160). Type: East River, near Stokes Inlet, [Western Australia], G. Maxwell {lecto: MEL 40917, fide Munir (1978: 470); isolecto: MEL n.v.). Dicrastylis 1 rosinarinifoliaTutcz. (Turczaninow 1 863: 226). Type: [Western Australia],/ Drummond coll. 4, 236 (holo: KW n.v., photograph PERTH; iso: PERTH 01603582). Illustration. (Munir 1978: Figure 8). Shrubs 0. 15-0.6 m high with a dense semi-appressed indumentum of peltate-dendritic hairs on the young stems and inflorescences, the young shoots pale grey-green to almost white. Stems pale grey- brown to ferruginous or white at first, with white or ferruginous hairs, the larger ones 0. 1-0.2 mm long. Leaves opposite, antrorsc or sometimes widely spreading, usually subsessile. Petioles up to 0.7 mm long. Leaf blades usually almost linear or narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, rarely ovate to obovate, 5-20 X 1-3. 5(5) mm, narrowly to broadly obtuse, with recurved margins, usually concolorous; lower surface with a dense white indumentum and scattered sessile glands; upper surface shallowly bullate, with hairs up to 0.2 mm long. Panicles 12-1 15 x 15-65 mm, many-flowered, with ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes and sometimes on the bracts and apex of each calyx lobe; basal peduncle up to 30 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches ovate or narrowly ovate, the larger ones 1. 7-2.5 mm long. Pedicels upio 1 mm long; indumentum 0..3-0.6 mm long. F/ovver^ 4-6-merous but mostly 5-merous, 2-3 mm long. Calyx with hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long; tube 0.4-0.6 mm long; lobes ovate or narrowly ovate, 0,5-1. 0 mm long, usually obtuse. Corolla: tube 0.9-1. 5 mm long, glabrous or subglabrous on the ribs outside, often only sparsely hairy near base of each corolla lobe; lobes obovate- oblong or broadly so, the largest lobe 1 .5-2.3 mm long and the others 0.8-1 .7 mm long, broadly obtuse, with adistinct glabrous margin outside. Stamens: filament 2. 1-2.7 mm long; anther 0.25-0.3 mm long, pale to medium brown. Style with patent dendritic hairs 0.3-0.5 mm long; entire portion 0.4-1 .3 mm long; branches 2.0-3. 3 mm long. Fruit 0.6-\ .3 x 0.6-0. 7 mm, fairly uniformly hairy. Seed not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Burra Rock Nature Reserve, 60 km SE of Coolgardie, 14Nov. 1988,/!. Chapman!^', 16kmESEofBiljahnieRockonverminfence, 3Dcc. 1997, R.J. Cranfield 1 1747;3 kmNofLakeKurrenkutten, 22Nov. 1995,/?. DavA 363; 32.5 km NofHyden, 22 Nov. \ 985, D.B. Foreman 1 165; Water Reserve 1 , Kulin, 15 Dec. 1994,5. Murray 158;StennetRock, c. 50 km SSW of Norseman, 27 Sep. 1980, K.R. Newbeyl674\ N of Gabbin,27 Oct. 1963, S.B. Rosier 385; Goddard Creek, N of Zanthus, 27 Jan. 1956, R.D. Royce 5344; 58 km N of Salmon Gums, 9 Nov. 1982, A. Strid 2\299. Distribution. Occurs in the South West Botanical Province and South-western Interzone, extending from Whitewells Station (north-east of Wubin) and Wubin, south-east to Oldfield River and east to Queen Victoria Springs. Habitat. Occurs in sandy soils, commonly on sandplains, dominated by a wide variety of shrub and tree species. Phenology. Flowers: mainly late October to January. Fruits recorded December to January. Conservation status. The most common and widely distributed member of sect. Dicrastylis. B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen, A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis seel. Dicrastylis 225 Notes. This widespread species is extremely variable. A specimen from north of Zanthus {R.D. Royce 5344), which was included by Munir (1978) in D. micrantha, is actually a particularly large-leaved variant of D. paiyifolia with lush growth, presumably due to its growing near a watercourse in very favourable conditions. A second specimen (S.B. Rosier 385) previously included in D. micrantha is quite typical of D. parvifolia. Dicrastylis parvifoliacsm produce an interrupted seriesoferectstemsalongahorizontal underground stem as in A.S. George 5956, although the single-stemmed shrub habit is far more common. Most specimens of D. parvifolia can be readily distinguished from other members of section Dicrastylis by their very small narrow leaves. The species generally has more deeply divided styles than other species, the entire portion only 0.4-1 .2 mm long and the two branches up to seven times longer. Where the style is not more deeply branched than in other species, it differs instead in having the dendritic hairs restricted to the base of the entire portion rather than extending up to the branches of the style. Dicrastylis soliparma Rye & Trudgen, sp. nov. Dicrastylis fiilva f. angustifolia Munir (Munir 1978: 484). Type: 300 mile peg on Mullewa-Morawa road. Western Australia, 22 September 1968, A.C. Burns 74 (holo: PERTH 01603108). Dicrastyli fulvae arete affine sed pilis supra caulem brevioribus et magis lepidoideis, foliis praecipue anguste obovatis vel obovatis differt. Typus: Canna Siding, Western Australia, November 1 933, C.A. Gardner s.n. {holo: PERTH 03666697 ; Ao.CANB.K). Shrubs 0.3-1 ( 1 .5) m high, with a dense white and/or ferruginous indumentum on the young stems, leaves and intlorescences, the young shoots white to pale green or pale ferruginous. Young stems pale to dark ferruginous, with peltate-dendritic to subsessile hairs, the larger hairs 0.05-0.2(0.3) mm long, often with somewhat longer hairs occurring on the innore,scence axes. Leaves opposite, usually antrorse to patent, rarely retrorse, subsessile or shortly petiolate, densely covered at first by an indumentum of somewhat scalc-like hairs. Petioles up to 1 mm long. Leaf blades mostly narrowly obovate to obovatc, 10-27(39) x 3-9 mm, narrowly to broadly obtuse, with recurved margins; lower surface usually distinctly paler than upper surface at maturity, becoming sparsely hairy with age and the se.ssile glands within the pits becoming visible; upper surface usually pale to medium green at first and becoming dark green, shallowly to moderately deeply bullate, with hairs c. 0.1 mm long. Panicles 20-65 x (25)35- 1 1 0( 1 45) mm, with ferruginous hairs as well as white hairs on the axes and bracts; basal peduncle up to 60 mm long. Bracts subtending upper branches ovate or narrowly ovate, the larger ones 2.5-5 mm long. Pedicels up to 4 mm long; indumentum 0.3-0.8 mm long. Flowers mostly 5-merous with occasional 6-merous tlowers sometimes present, 4—6 mm long. Calyx with hairs 0.5- 1 .3 mm long, either with all the hairs white or with ferruginous or pink hairs in distal half; tube 0.5-1 mm long; lobes ovate or narrowly ovate, 0.9-1. 4(2.3) mm long, usually narrowly obtuse. Corolla: tube 1.3-2. 2 mm long, the outside uniformly dendritic-hairy above the middle or hairy between the ribs, with hairs sometimes becoming denser towards summit; lobes obovate-oblong or broadly so, the largest lobe 2. 2-3. 4 mm long and the others 1. 1-2.0 mm long, broadly obtuse, with a distinct glabrous border around the margin outside. Stamens: filament 1 .3-3 mm long; anther 0.4-0.5 mm long, dark purplish black. Style with patent dendritic hairs 0.4- 1.1 mm long; entire portion 0.8-2. 3 mm long; branches 226 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) I. 3-3 mm long. Fruit \ .5-2.2 x 1 .4-1 .8 mm, with the longest hairs towards summit. Seedc. 1.3 x 0.65 mm, soft, pale yellow-brown or whitish, with an inconspicuous fine reticulate pattern on the surface. (Figures 3E, 4D-I) Selected specimens examined (typical variant). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Wilroy, 4 Dec. 1962, J. Beard & F. SE of Coolcalalaya Station. 13 Oct. 1988, A.//. 4433; 2 miles [3 km] Nof Perenjori, 8 Dec. 1955, MT. finr/jir/ge 4695; 22.5 km NE of Yandanooka, 24 Oct. 1994, A. Carr 3 1 1 ; 25.8 km N of Perenjori on Morawa road, Oct. 1982, J. Coleby-Williams 248; 1 9 km SSW of Mt Gibson, 21 Nov. 1992,/?../. Crany/e/t/ 85 1 0; Latham, 1945, C.A. Gart//ier; 6 miles [10km] W of Pindar, 10 Oct. 1945, C.A. Gardner 7780; Along the road between Wubin and Paynes Find, 30 Nov. 1994, E.D. Kabay 1 189; N of East Yuna Reserve on Wandin Rd, 7.6 km E of the junction with Bindoo Rd, 1 Nov. 1994, S, P«fr(c/:2149; 10 miles ] 1 6 km] S of Tardun, 1 Oct. 1962, M.F. P/i/////w 1698; 5 1 .5 km W of Yalgoo, 14 Oct. 1983, C.I. Stacey 742. Specimens examined (noahern variant). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 13 km SofWannoo, 24 Nov. 1996, T.F. Houston 900-5; Peron Peninsula, 20 Nov. 1989, M.E. Trudgen 7313. Distribution. Occurs mainly in the north of the South West Botanical Province, extending from Peron Peninsula south-east to near Jibberding Station (north-east of Wubin), with one record from the Eremean Botanical Province near Wydgee (north of Paynes Find). The typical variant extends from west of Lake Nerramyne south-east to Jibberding and Wydgee. An atypical northern variant has been recorded from Peron Peninsula and near Wannoo, the disjunction between these specimens and the remainder of the known range of the species being about 1 15 km. Habitat. Occurs in a variety of sandy soils, often on sandplains. Phenology. Flowers October to December. Fruits November to January. Conservation status. The typical variant is known from numerous populations and is not considered to be at risk. However, the northern variant is known from only two collections and needs further study to determine its taxonomic status and conservation status. Etymology. From the Latin sol - sun and parma - small shield, referring to the parasol-like nature of the hairs, with the much-branched summit forming a covering perpendicular to the stalk. Notes. The phrase name Dicrastylis sp. Peron Peninsula {M. E. Trudgen 7373) has been used at PERTH for the poorly known northern variant of this species. This differs from the typical variant in its more silvery appearance and usually shorter calyx indumentum. It does not appear to be sufficiently distinct to treat as a separate species but may warrant recognition at the subspecific level and may need to be added to the Priority Flora List. One of the northernmost collections (S. Patrick 2149) of the typical variant has rather silvery leaves and shows the closest approach to the northern variant. The typical variant ol Dicrastylis solipanna was included within Dicrastylis fulva by Munir ( 1 979). The latter species can be distinguished by its longer indumentum on the sterns, with patent dendritic hairs rather than peltate-dendritic ones, and by its mostly elliptic to broadly ovate leaf blades, D. fulva also tends to have more ferruginous young leaves, longer bracts that are subsessile rather than sessile, more commonly reddish-haired llowerbuds, and a longer corolla that is usually less hairy on the outside of the tube, but the two species show some overlap m all of the.se characters. B.L. Rye & M.E. Trudgen. A laxononiic revision of Dicrastylix sect. Dicmstylis 111 Included within the typical \aTmnloi' Dicrastytis soliparma areafew specimens with relatively long narrow leaves and a more distinctly crenate margin than usual that have been called DicrasTylis fulva f, angustifolia. These specimens intergrade fully with other specimens, some of which have long narrow leaves with the margin not very distinctly crenate and some of which have shorter broader leaves with a distinctly crenate margin. Consequently the form is not recognized here. Probable new taxa The specimens discussed below cannot be placed in the taxa described above and appear to represent new species, but could be abnormal specimens or hybrids. There is also a possible new infraspecilic taxon noted under D. solipanna (sec above). Dicrastylix sp. Cue (A. A. Mitchell 764). This taxon is known from two immature specimens, both collected in the Cue area by A. A. Mitchell and possibly both from the same granite outcrop on Coodardy Station (Andrew Mitchell pers. comm.). Dicrastylix sp. Cue is a large shrub 1-3 m high and has very large leaves, perhaps in response to its preference for the runoff zone of granite outcrops. Its indumentum and other characters seem to place it closest to D. fulva and D. solipanna, but it tends to be more glandular, having numerous sessile glands on the undersurface of the leaves. The two specimens of Dicrastylis sp. Cue are in bud in September and mid October respectively, but the one collected in October has a few flowers just opened, which appear to be smaller than the flowers of D. fulva and D. solipanna. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority One. Dicrastylis sp. Denham (M. Lewis 42/92). The only known collection of this taxon was made on 26 September 1 992 from south of Denham on the Peron Peninsula, in grey sand with hummock grassland. Dicrastylis sp. Denham is similar to D. micrantha in its habit, inflorescence form and floral characters, such as its black anthers c. 0.3 mm long, but is more like D. maritima in its indumentum on the vegetative parts and in its shortly pctiolate leaves. More material is needed to determine its taxonomic status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One, Acknowledgements We would like to thank Paul Wilson for translating the diagnoses into Latin and for advice on nomenclature, and Barry Conn for his comments as referee. The illustrations were expertly drawn by Margaret Pieroni, References Beard, .I„S. (1980), A new phylogeographic map of W'estern Australia. We.xtern Australian Herbarium Research Notes 3: 37-,S8. Cantino, P,D„ Harley, R.M. & Wagstaff, S..!, (1992). Genera of Labiatae: status and classification, tn: Harley, R.M. & Reynolds, T. (cds) "Advances in Labiate Science.” (Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew, London.) Harvey, W.H. (1855). Lxiracts from .'Xuslralian letters of Dr. Harvey. Hooker’s Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany 7: 47-58. Mueller, F. (1859). Verbenaccae in: “Fraginenta Phytographiae Australiae.” Vol. 1. pp. 233-237. (J, Ferres: Melbourne. I Mueller, F. (1861). Verbenaccae. In: “Fragmcnta Phytographiae Australiae,” Vol. 2. p. 160. (J. Ferres: Melbourne.) Mueller, F. (1883). “The plants indigenous around Shark's Bay and its Vicinity.” (Government Printer: Perth.) 228 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Munir, A.A. (1978). Taxonomic revision of Chloanthaceae trib. Physopsideae. Brunonia 1: 407-692. Munir, A.A. (1991), Two new species of Dicrastylis .1. Drutnm. ex Harvey (Chloanthaceae) from Western Australia. Journal of Ike Adelaide Botanic Gardens 14: 85-92. Olmstead, R.G., Reeves, P.A. & Lepschi, B.J. (in press). Confirmation of a inonophyletic Chloanthoideae (Lamiaceae) comprising tribes Chloantheac and Prostanthereae. Uimiales Newsletter. Rye, B.L. (1996). A taxonomic review of the genera Lucknostachys, Newcastelia and Physopsis (Chloanthaceae) in Western Australia. Nuytsia II: 79-107. Trudgen, M.E. & Kcighery, G.J. (1995). Flora of the Shark Bay World Heritage Area and environs. Unpublished Report for the Australian Heritage Commission. Turczaninow, N. (1863). Verbenaceae et Myoporaceae nonnullae hucusque indescriptae. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale de.s Naluralistes de Moscnu 36(3): 193-227. Nuytsia I2(2):229-231(1998) 229 Anthotium odontophyllum (Goodeniaceae), a new species from Western Australia L.W. Sage Cl- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Sage, L.W. Anthotium odontophyllum (Goodeniaceae), a new species from Western Australia. Nuytsia 12 (2): 229-231 (1998). Anthotium odontophyllum Sage is described. It is endemic to the Western Australian wheatbelt, specifically the Dale and Avon Districts of the South West Botanic Province. Amendments to the key to Anthotium in the “Flora of Australia” are provided. Introduction In the course of exatnining collections at the Western Australian Herbarium, material belonging to an undescribed species of Anthotium R. Br. (Goodeniaceae) was recognized amongst material placed in A. humile R. Br. Morrison ( 1 992) included this taxon within his concept of A. humile, but detailed examination showed it to be a distinct species. The new species is related to Anthotium humile and A. rubriflorum F. Muell. ex Benth. Taxonomy Anthotium odontophyllum Sage, sp. nov. A Anthotio Immili indusio cl pctalis infcrioribus pilis glandularibus ornatis, a A. rubrifloro petalis cremeis el pedunculis brevioribus reccdit. Typus: Junction of Dumbcrning Rd and Forestry West Rd, Highbury State Forest (33'’04' S, 1 1 7'’06' E), Western Australia, 6 December 1 996, G.S. Durell 1 32 (holo: PERTH 04552679; iso: CANB, K, NSW). Tufted clonal herb, v.y, glabrous or with simple or stellate hairs. Branches smooth. Leaver, alternate, simple, sessile or shortly petiolate, glandular-punctate, smooth. Flowers terminal or axillary, cymose or solitary, pentamerous. Pedicels slender, medially bibracteolate. Sepals free. Petals free or united, valvate, elliptic, usually glabrous; apex in flexed. Stamens 10; filaments terete, glabrous; anthers versatile, loculi deeply separated at base, apex deeply refuse, terminal gland or apiculum absent. Disc usually present and forming a short gynophore. Carpels 5. glabrous or stellate-hairy, apex sterile. Ovules 2 per carpel. Style solitary, slender, glabrous, affixed to adaxial medial surface of carpels; stigma minutely lobed. Seed sub-reniform. c. 3 mm long, adaxial margin ± straight; outer testa thin, smooth; sclerotesta smooth; hilum linear to narrowly elliptic; raphe fleshy basal or sub-basal with a thin coriaceous to crustaceous glossy covering; chalazal opening basal or sub-basal, obscured by raphe; placental endocarp thick, persistent. (Figure 2) Chromosome number. n=I6 (Smith- White 1954). A genus of 22 species, 2 1 in the eastern States of Australia and one in New Zealand. Paul G. Wilson, Phebtiliuin - new species and noinenclatural changes 271 Figure 2. Leionemn luiHpropliyltiiin seed (xlO). A - lateral view; B - adaxial surface; C - longitudinal radial section with enlarged .section through testa; c - chalazal aperture; h - hilum; tn - micropyle; ot - outer testa; r - raphe; s - scicrotcsta. Drawn from F. Mueller s.n. (MKL 4318) Notes. The relationship of this genus to others in the tribe Boronieae is not clear, however, it appears to show no close alTinity to Phehalium s. str., to Rhadinothamnus , or to Nematolepis. Leionema elliptica differs from the other members of the genus in leaf form, in having minutely apiculate anthers, and in having a divided disc. It is probably wrongly placed in this genus, but until fruit and seed are available its correct classification may not be apparent. Leionema ambiens (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon ambiens F. Muell., Fragm. 6: 166 (1868). - Phebalium ambiens (F. Muell.) Maiden & E.Betche, Census New South Wales PI. 1 16(1916). Type.- near Timbarra, New South Wales, C. Stuart 570 (lecto: MEL 4552)/(c/c Wilson (1970). Distribution. Occurs in the Guyra district in the extreme north-east New South Wales and near Wallangarra in south-east Queensland. Leionema bilobum (Lindl.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium bilobum Lindl. in T. Mitch., Three Exped. Australia 2; 177 (1838). - Eriostemon hillebrandiiF. Muell. no/n. illeg., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1 : 10(1 854) including P. bilobum. Type: Mt William, Victoria, 15 July 1836, T. Mitchell 249 (holo: CGE; iso: K, MEL). E. hillebrandii var. longifoliusF. Muell., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1 : 10 (1 854). Type: Mt William, Victoria, November 1 853. F. Mueller (.syn: MEL 4608, 4616, 4617). P. truncutum Hook.f., FI. Tasm. 1: 64 t. 9 (1855). Type: Flinders Island, Tasmania, R. Gunn 1947 (syn: H(3). E. serrulatus F. Muell., Fragm. 1:4 (1 858). Type: Bunip-Bunip Creek, Victoria, F. Mueller (holo: MEL 4620; Lw: K). 272 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No, 2 (1998) Distribution. Occurs in Victoria in The Grampians, Central Highlands, and west Gippsland; in Tasmania on the mainland and on islands in Bass Strait. Leionema carruthersii (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon carruthersii F. Muell., Victorian Nat. 7: 46 ( 1 890). - Phebalium carruthersii (F. Muell.) Maiden & E. Betche, Census New South Wales PI. 1 16 (1916). Type: Moruya, New South Wales, W. Bauerlen 564 {lecto: MEL 4638; isolecto: MEL 4639)/(Je Wilson (1970). Distribution. Occurs in the Batemans Bay to Bega district of New South Wales. Leionema coxii (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon coxiiF.Muc]\.,Australas. Chem. Druggist!: 64 (Dec. - Phebaliumcoxii(F. MueW.) Maiden & E. Betche, Census New South Wales PI. 116(1916). Type: Braidwood district. New South Wales, W. Baeuerlen 199 (holo: MEL 4649; iso: NSW 70184). Distribution. Occurs chiefly in the Budawang Range in south-eastern New South Wales. Leionema dentatum (Sm.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium dentatum Sm. in Rees, Cyclop. 27: ( 1 814). Type: “Brought by Gen. Grose from some part of New Holland, and communicated to us by A.B. Lambert Esq” (holo: LINN). P. salicifolium A. Juss., Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 4: 472 (1 825). Type: Port Jackson, New South Wales, anon. [n.v.). Eriostemon umbellatusTurcz., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 22/2; 15 (1849).-P. umbellatum (Turcz.) Turcz., op. cit. 25/2: 1 60 ( 1 852). Type: 1 25 miles [c. 200 km] from Sydney, New South Wales, W. Stephenson (holo: KW photo seen). Distribution. Occurs in New South Wales chiefly near the coast from Illawarra north to Port Stephens, and also in the Gibraltar Range. Leionema diosmeum (A. Juss.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium diosmeum A. Juss., /)/(«. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 4: 472 ( 1 825). - P. phylicoides Sieber ex Spreng. nom. illeg., Syst. Veg. 4 pt 2; 1 640 ( 1 827), superlluous name based on above.- Eriostemon phylicoides F. Muell. nom. illeg., Fragm. 1; 107 (1859). Type: Port Jackson, New South Wales, comm. J. Gay (iso: K). Chorilaena angustifolia F. Muell., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 10 (1854) [as angustifolio]. Type: Argyle County [i.e. Goulburn district], New South Wales, anon. 826 (holo: MEL 4680; iso: K, MEL 4812). Distribution. Occurs near the south-east coast of New South Wales. Paul G. Wilson, Phebalium - new species and nomenclatural changes 273 Leionema elatius (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon elatiorF. Muell., Fragm. 1:181(1 859). - Phebalium elatius (F. Muell.) Benth., FI. Austral. 1 : 340 ( 1 863). Type: Near Tcnterfield, New South Wales, C. Stuart 153 {holo: MEL 4700). Distribution. Occurs in north-cast New South Wales and extreme south-east Queensland. Notes. Two subspecies are recognized. a. Leionema elatius (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson subsp. elatius Distribution. Occurs in ranges in norlh-east New South Wales north of Bulahdelah, and in the extreme south-east of Queensland. b. Leionema elatius subsp. bcckleri (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon beckleriF.Mud\.,Friigm. 9: 109(1875).-P. ijec/:/eri(F. Muell.)Engler mEngler&Prantl, Nat. Pfianzenfam. Ill 4: 141 (1890); Phebalium elatius subsp. beckleri (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1: 105 (1970). Type: McLcnnan’s Creek, Clarence River, New South Wales, H. Beckler {holo: MEL 4589; iso: NSW 69929). Distribution. Known from a small area in the McPherson Range, Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales. Notes. A plant from Hungry way Creek, Colo, New South Wales, referred to as 'Phebalium species A’ by Weston & Porteners (1991), may be a hybrid since it has deformed flowers and apparently sterile anthers. Although it most closely resembles L. elatius the latter species has not been recorded from the Colo area. Leionema ellipticum Paul G. Wilson, sp. nov. Ramuli laeves, nitidi, glabri. Folia glabra, chartacea, elliptica, ad 5 cm longa, 2 cm lata, Integra, obtusa, in petiolem 5 mm longa ad basim attenuata. Intlorescentia terminalis, cymosa, multiflora, c. 2 cm longa, sparse puberula pilis simplicibus vel fasciculatis tectis; bracteolae caducae; pedicelli 1-2 mm longi. Flores glabri; sc.pala prope basim breviter connata, carnosa, deltata, c. 0.8 mm longa; petala valvata, crassa, anguste oblonga, c. 4.5 mm longa, 1.3 mm lata, manifeste carinata, alba, ad apicem incrassata et leviler inllexa; stamina petala breviter superantia, filamentis gracilibus, teretibus, antheris cordatis, c. 1 .2 mm longis, obtuso mucronatis; ovarium glabrum; stylus teres petalis leviter brevior. Typus: Mountain in north-east Queensland [precise locality withheld], 25 December 1991, K.R. McDonald {holo: BRI 520388). Shrub to 2 m high. Branclilets smooth, glossy, glabrous, somewhat angular when dry due to ribs decurrent from leaf bases. Leaves glabrous; lamina chartaceous, pinnately veined, pellucid-dotted, elliptic, to 5 cm long, 2 cm wide, entire, obtuse, narrowed at base into a petiole to 5 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, cymose, multillowered, c. 2 cm long, sparsely puberulous with simple and 274 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) fasciculate lulirs; pedicels 1-2 mm long; bracleoles caducous. F/rnver.s' glabrous. 5e/7«/.v5, very shortly united at base, tleshy, deltate, c. 0.8 mm long. Petals valvate, thick, firm, narrowly oblong, c. 4.5 mm long, 1..3 mm wide, strongly keeled, white; apex thickened and slightly inflcxed. Stamens glabrous; filaments slender, terete, shortly exceeding petals; anthers cordate, c. 1 .2 mm long, bluntly mucronulate. Gynophore c. 0.5 mm high, deeply 1 0-grooved. Ovary barrel-shaped, c. 1 .3 mm high, glabrous or with a few minute hairs, terminal 1/3 solid; style fixed to near base of carpels, terete, slightly shorter than petals. Fruit not seen. Specimens examined. Known only from the type collection. Distribution. North-east Queensland. Habitat. Windswept shrubland on top of mountain. Etymology. Theepithctisderived from IheLatin e//(/7((CMS- and refers to theelliptical shape of the leaves. Notes. This species is only known from the type collection. The flowers arc similar to those of other species of Leionema except for the anthers which are bluntly mucronulate (not retuse) and for the gynophore which is deeply grooved. These anomalous characters suggest that it is incorrectly placed in this genus although neither T, Hartley (CANB pers. comm.), nor I can suggest a more appropriate one. I consider that it would be inadvisable for it to be described as a new monotypic genus while fruiting material is lacking. Leionema equestre (D.A. Cooke) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. PhebaliumequestreD.A.CookcJ. Adelaide Hot. Card. 10:241 (1987). Type.- Kangaroo Island, South Australia, B.M. Overton 435 (iso: PERTH). Distribution. Endemic to Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Leionema gracile (C.T. White) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium gracile C.T. White, Proc. Ray. Soc. Queensland 50: 69 (1939). Type: Mt Greville, Queensland, C.T. White 99A1 {halo: BRI 011387). Distribution. Occurs in extreme south-east Queensland where it is apparently restricted to the summits of Mt Moon and Mt Greville. Leionema hillehrandii (J.H. Willis) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium liillcbramlii J .H. Willis, Victorian Nat. 73 : 1 95 ( 1 957). - Based on Eriostemon hillebrandii var. brevifoliits F. Muell. no/// illeg., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1:10(1 854). Type: Mt Lofty Ranges, South Australia, F. Mueller (leeto: MEL 4590) fide J.H. Willis loc. cit. Distribution. Occurs in the Mt Lofty Ranges of South Australia. Paul G. Wilson, Phebalium - new species and nomenclalural changes 275 Leionema lachnaeoicles (A. Cunn.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. PhebaUum lachnaeoidea A. Cunn. in Field, Geog. Mem. New South Wales 332 (\825). -Eriostemon phylicifoliu.s var. lachnaeoides (A. Cunn.J F. Muell. ex C. Moore nom. illeg., Handb. FI. New South Wales 43 (1893). Type: Blackhcath, Blue Mountains, New South Wales, 1822, A. Cunningham 56 {liolo: K; iso: BRI, MEL). Distribution. A rare species occurring on rocky outcrops in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales. Notes. This species is similar to some variants ofL. phylicifolium but it can be distinguished from them principally by the presence of only one flower in the axillary cymes. Leionema lainprophyllum (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon kunprophylliis F. Muell., Quart. J. Pharm. Soc. Victoria 2: 43 (1859). - Phebalium lamprophyIlum{V. Muell.) Benth., FI. Austral. 1 ; 340(1 863). Type: mountains on the Macalister River, Victoria, January 1 859, F. Mueller (holo: MEL 4784; iso: AD, K, NSW). Distribution . Occurs in the Dividing Range of eastern New South Wales, from Rylstonc southwards, and in eastern Victoria. Leionema micropliyllum (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon microphyUusV . Muell., Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1; 99 (1855). Type citation: On the low coast ranges of Spencer’s and St. Vincent’s Gulf. Type: Encounter Bay, South Australia, 27 September, E. Mueller [lecto: MEL 4628) lectotype here chosen. Phebalium brachyphyllum Benth., FI. Austral. 1; 341 (1863). - Eriostemon hrachyphyllus (Benth.) Tate, Handb. FI. Extralr. S. Austral. 24 ( 1890). Type: Encounter Bay and near Coffin Bay, South Australia, F. Mueller (syn: K, MEL 4628). Distribution. Occurs in southern Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, east to far western Victoria. Leionema montanum (Hook.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium montanuin Hook., 7. Hot. ( Hooker) 1 : 255 (1 834). -Eriostemon montanus (liook.)F . Muell., PI. Indig. Col. Victoria I: 129 (1862). Type: Western Mountains, Tasmania, R. Gunn 283 & R. Lawrence 321 (.syn: K). Distribution. Occurs in the mountains of north-east Tasmania. Leionema nudum (Hook.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium nudum Hook., Icon. PI. 6: t. 568 ( 1 843). -Eriostemon nudus (Hook.) F. Muell., Fragm. 1:181 ( 1 859). Type citation: New Zealand; Owae, on the east coast of the northern Island, A/r. Colenso, 1 838 (n. 56). Hokeanga, Edgerley. Type: Owae, New Zealand, Colenso 56 (svn: K). 276 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Distribution. North Island, New Zealand. Note. This is the only member of the genus that is found outside of Australia. Leionema obtusifoHiini (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium obtusifolium Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1 : 1 07 ( 1 970). Type; Upper reaches of Alice Creek, about 8 miles [c. 13 km] north of Helidon, Queensland, August 1963, F.D. Hackings {holo: BRI 042851), Distribution. Occurs in the Helidon and Ravensbourne areas of south-east Queensland. Leionema oldfieldii (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon oldfieldii F. Muell., Fragm. 1 : 3 (1858). - Phebalium oldfieldii (F. Muell.) F. Muell. ex Benth., FI. Austral. 1: 340 (1863). Type: Mount La Perouse, 27 February 1857, T, Oldfield & C. Stuart 1875 (holo: MEL 4822; iso: K). DLstrihution. Endemic to mountains near the west coast of Tasmania. Leionema phylicifoliiiin (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium phylicifolium F. Muell., Trans. & Proc. Victorian Inst. Advancem. Sci. 1; 32 (1855). - Eriostemon phylicifolius (F. Muell.) F, Muell., Fragm. 1: 105 (1859). Type: Munyang Mountains [Snowy Mountains], also on the Snowy River, New South Wales, January 1855, F. Mueller (lecto: MEL 4888; isulecto: K) fide Paul G. Wilson ( 1970). Distribution. Occurs in the mounlains of eastern Victoria and of the extreme south-east of New South Wales. Notes. See notes under L lachnaeoides. Leionema ralstonii (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon ralstonii F. Muell., Fragm. 2; 1 0 1 . t. 14(1 860). - Phebalium ralstonii (F. Muell.) Benth., FI. Austral. 1: 339 (1863). Type: Twofold Bay, New South Wales, F. Mueller (holo: MEL 4945; i.so: K, MEL 4946), DLstrihution. Occurs in the Bega to Eden district of New South Wales. Leionema rotimdifoliuni (Endl.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon rotundifolius Endl. in Endl. ef «/., Enum, PI. Huegel 15(1 837). - Phebalium rotundifolium (Endl.) Benth., FI. Austral. 1;341 (1863). Type.- Mount Dangar, Hunters River, New South Wales, A. Cunningham 55 (iso: K, MEL 4954). Paul G. Wilson, Phebaliurn - new species and nomenclatural changes 277 Distribution. Occurs in Ihe Howell and Torrington districts of north-east New South Wales and in the extreme south-east of Queensland. Leionema synipetalum (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebaliurn sympetalumPaul G.'Wihon, Nuytsia 1: 1 16(1970). Ty/re.'NearOlinda, New South Wales, 2 September \ 95\, LA.S. Johnson (holo: AD 96434202; Lw: NSW, PERTH 01617079). Distribution. Occurs in the ranges near Rylstone, New South Wales. Leionema viridiflorum (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebaliurn viridiflorum Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1: 117 (1970). Type: Belougery Mountain, Warrumbungle Range, New South Wales, 28 May 1948, E.F. Constable {holo: NSW 6277; Lso: MEL 4949). Distribution. Occurs in Mt Kaputar and Warrumbungle Range National Parks, New South Wales. Nematolepis Nematolepis Turez., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 25(2): 158 (1852). Type: N. phebalioides Turez. Phebaliurn sect. Eriostenioides Endl., Gen. PI. 1156 (1840). Type: Eriostemon squameus Labill. [= Nematolepis squamea (Labill.) Paul G. Wilson]. Symphyopetalon J. Drumm. ex Harv., Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Card. Misc. 1: 54 (1855). Type: S. corraeoides Harv. [= Nematolepis phebalioides Turez.]. Lepidote shrubs or small trees. Branchlets smooth or verrucose. Leaves alternate, simple, ± flat, shortly petiolate, glandular-punctate, smooth. Flowers axillary, cymose or solitary, pentamerous. Bracteoles two, near middle of pedicel or apical and immediately subtending the fleshy floral receptacle. Sepals free, imbricate. Petals imbricate (united in N. phebalioides), lepidote or glabrous. Stamens 1 0, free; filaments tlattcned terete, glabrous or basally stellate-hairy; anthers versatile, loculi deeply separated at base, apex slightly rctuse, not glandular. DHc prominent. Carpels 5, with a short, sterile apex. Ovules 2 per carpel. Style solitary, terete, affixed to adaxial medial surface of carpels. Srigma scarcely lobed. Seer/ broadly ellipsoid to sub-reniform, 2-2.5 mrn long, adaxial margin straight; outer tesla thin, coriaceous, smooth, satin-like; sclerotesta smooth; hilum superficial, narrowly elliptic; raphe small, somewhat cartilaginous, situated between base of hilum and chalazal aperture, covered by thin coriaceous layer that is continuous with outer testa; chalazal aperture on lower adaxial face; aril linear; placental endocarp membranous, deciduous. (Figure 3) Chromosome number. n=16 (Smith-White 1954, Stace & Armstrong 1992). A genus of seven species endemic to Australia. 278 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 3. Neimitolepis sqiuunea seed (x25). A - lateral view; B - adaxial surface; C - transverse section with enlarged section through testa; c - chalazal aperture; h - hiluiii; ni - uiicropyle; ot - outer testa; r - raphe; s - sclcrotesta. Drawn from F.A. Rodway 1179 (NSW). Nematolepis elliptica (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium ellipticum Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1 : 34 1 (1 974). Type: Big Badja Mountain, New South Wales, J.P. Baker901 (halo: NSW; iso: CANB, K, MEL, PERTH 01616587). Distribution. Occurs in the ranges east ol'Cooiua, New South Wales. Nematolepis frondosa (N.G. Walsh & Alb.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium frondo.sum N.G. Walsh & Alb., Miielleria 6; 405 (1988). Type: Eastern Victoria [precise locality withheld], D.E. Albrecht 2875 Uiolo: MEL). Distribution. Known only from the upper slopes of a mountain in eastern Victoria. Nematolepis ovatifolia (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium ovatifolium F. Muell, Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1 : 99 ( 1 855). - Eriostemon ovatifolius (F. Muell.) F. Muell. Fragm. 1 : 1 03 ( 1 859). Type: In the alpine parts of the Munyang Mountains, New South Wales, F. Mueller (lecto: MEL 4828) fide Wilson (1970). Distribution. Occurs in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales. Nematolepis phebalioidesTurc/,., Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou25{2): 158 ( 1 852). Type: Swan River Colony, Western Australia, J. Drummond 5lh coll. n. 194 (holo: KW, photo seen; iso: K, TCD). Symphynpetalon corraeoides J. Drumm. ex Harv., Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Card. Misc. 7; 54 (1855). Type: Near Middle Mt Barren, J. Drummond 194 {holo: TCD; iso: K). Paul G. Wilson, Pliehalium - new species and noincnclatural changes 279 Distribution. Occurs towards the south coast ol Western Australia from Dumbleyung east to Israelite Bay. Nematolepis rhytidophylla (Alb. & N.G. Walsh) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebaliiun liiyticlopliylliiinAWs. & N.G. Walsh. Afue’/ZeWa 6: 402 { 1 988). Type: Wog Wog Mount, New South Wales, D.E. Albrecht 2333 (halo: MEL 1553279; iso: PERTH 1617044). Distribution. Occurs on tlic plateau between Wog Wog and White Rock Mountains in far south-east New South Wales. Nematolepis scpiamea (Labill.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon squameus Labill., Nov. Holl. PI. Sp. 1: 111, t.l41 (1806). - Phebalium argenteum Smith nom. illeg., in Rees, Cyclop. 27: n.3 ( 1 8 14) as to name only. - Phebalium billardieri A. Juss. noni. illeg., Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 2: 134 ( 1825). - Phebalium squameum (Labill.) Engl., Nat. Pllanzenfam. Ill 4: 141 (1896). Ty/pe.' “Habitat in capite Van-Diemen”, Tasmania (?«o.' MEL 5025, 5026). Distribution. Widespread in eastern Australia. Notes. Three subspecies arc recognized. a. Nematolepis squamea (Labill.) Paul G. Wilson subsp. squamea Phebalium elatum Cunn. in B. Field, Geog. Mem. New South Wales 33 1 ( 1 825). Type: in the vicinity of Spring Wood, New South Wales, A. Cunningham {holo: K). Distribution. Occurs in south-eastern Queensland, coastal New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania. b. Nematolepis squamea subsp. coriacea (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium squameum subsp. coriaceum Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1; 94 (1970). Type: Between Haidinger Range and Mt Wellington, Victoria, March 1861, F. Mueller (holo: MEL 4833; iso: K). Distribution. Only known from eastern Victoria in the mountains near the head of the Macallister River and from near Wulgulinerang. c. Nematolepis squamea subsp. retusa (Hook.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium retusum Hook.,./. Hot. ( Hooker) I ; 254 ( 1 834). -/2 billardierivM. rctiwu/n (Hook.) Hook. f., FI. Tasm. I .• 63 ( 1 855). ~ Phebalium squameum subsp. retusum (Hook.) Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1 ; 94 ( 1 970). Type: Tasmania, 1831, /’. Scott & R. W. Lawrence (syn: K photo seen). Distribution. Occurs in north-eastern fasmama. 280 Nuytsia Vol. 12. No. 2 (1998) Notes. This subspecies grades into the variant of the typical subspecies that is found in north-east Tasmania. It is evidently closely related to the subsp. coriacea from Victoria. Superficially it is similar to N. ovatifolia but it differs in having a glabrous (not lepidote) ovary and in not having sub-floral bracteoles. Nematolepis wilsonii (N.G. Walsh & Alb.) Paul G, Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium wilsonii N.G. Walsh & Alb., Muelleria 6: 399 (1988). Type: Near Mt Grant, Victoria, N.G. Walsh 1494 (bolo: MEL 1540265; iso: PERTH 009055069). Distribution. Known only from the type locality in the Central Highlands of Victoria. Phebalium Phebaliumy cat, iaxd. Malm. 2: 102( 1 %Q5).-Eriostemon sect Phebalium (Ysnt.)F. Muell., PI. Victoria 1 : \ 29 (1^62).- Phebalium sect. Euphebaliurn Benth. nom. inval.,¥\. Austral. 1 : 337 (1 863). -Crowa sect. Phebalium (Vent.) Baillon, Diet. Bot. 1 1 : 277 (1886). Type: P. squamulosum Vent. Shrubs ± covered when young with a lepidote indumentum. Branches often glandular verrucose. Leaves alternate, simple, sessile or shortly petiolate, glandular-punctate, often glandular-verrucose. Flowers terminal to branches, solitary or umbellate, pentamerous. Bracteoles basal to pedicels and insignificant. Calyx 5-lobed, lepidote outside. Petals free, imbricate, elliptic, white, yellow, or pink, lepidote outside, apex not inllexed. Stamens 10; filaments slender-terete; anthers basifixed, loculi totally united, apex rounded with a spherical terminal gland. Disc not apparent. Carpels 5, lepidote, apical portions solid. Ovules 2 per carpel. Style terete, affixed to adaxial medial surface of carpels; stigma small with shortly spreading lobes. Seed oblong-reniform; surface longitudinally striate or corrugate due to the fine corrugations of the sclerotesla; outer testa membranous, black; hilum linear; raphe small, ileshy and .shrivelled, situated in lower half of adaxial face, covered by membranous layer that is continous with outer testa; chalazal aperture on lower adaxial face; aril linear; placental endocarp thin, caducous. (Figure 4) Chromosome number. n=16, 32 (Smith-White 1954). A genus of 25 species endemic to Australia. Notes. This genus, as circumscribed in this paper, is closely related to Microcybe Turez. which is distinguished by its sessile flowers, small free or united sepals, and bicarpellary ovary. The seeds of the two genera are similar. Phebalium appressum Paul G. Wilson, sp. nov. Ramuli sparse glanduloso tuberculati. Folia densa, sessiles, erecta, ad ramulum adpressa, cordato ovata, c. 2 mm longa, 1 .5 mm lata, crassa, arete revoluta, supra aliquantum applanata, infra rotundata, laeves, virides, glabra vel sparse argenteo lepidota. Flores terminales, solitarii vel binati; pedicellus brevis, crassus, c. 1 mm longus. Calyx c. 1 .5 mm altus, profunde dcltato lobatus, extra ferrugineo lepidotus. Paul G. Wilson, Phebaliuin - new species and nomenclatural changes 281 Figure 4, Phebaliuin nottii seed (xI5). A - lateral view; B - view of adaxial surface; C - longitudinal radial section; c - chalazal aperture; h - hiluni; in ~ niicropyle; r - raphe; s - sclerotesta. Drawn from Lazarides & Story 113 (CANB), Typus: North of Coolgardie [precise locality withheld], Western Australia, 16 July 1991, Shreeve & Spencer s.n. (/to/o; PERTH 4150120). Rounded to I m high. Rra/ic/t/erj silvery-lepidote, sparsely glandular-tuberculate. Leaves sessile, dense, erect and appressed to branch, cordate-ovate, c. 2 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, thick, closely revolute, somewhat flat above, rounded below, smooth, green, glabrous or sparsely silvery-lepidote. Flowers terminal, solitary or paired; pedicel short and thick, c. 1 mm long, densely ferruginous- lepidotc, subtended by several narrowly cuneate bracteoles c. 0.5 mm long. Calyx c. 1 .5 mm long, deeply deltate-lobed, ferruginous-lepidotc outside. Fruit not seen. Distribution. Known only from the type locality which is in the Coolgardie Botanical District (Beard 1980). Habitat. Yellow sand plain. Growing in an area that had been refilled with local soil after mining. Conservation status. The solitary collection is from an area subject to a mining lease which suggests that the species may be in need of protection. CALM Conservation Code for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the leaf position. Notes. This species differs from the other eleven members of the Phebalium microphyllum complex in leaf shape and in the usually solitary flowers which have very short and thick pedicels. Phebalium brevifolium Paul G. Wilson, nom. et stat. nov. Phebalium tuberculosum subsp. brachyphyllum Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1: 72 (1970). Type: Great Victoria Desert, camp 59, near Queen Victoria Spring, Western Australia, 22 September 1891,/?. Helms (holo: AD 96350150; HO.- MEL 481 1, NSW 69582). 282 Nuytsiu Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Notes. This species is only found in an area around Queen Victoria Spring in the Great Victoria Desert of Western Australia. It is here isolated from other species of Pliebalium and shows no evidence of intergradation. Phebaliuni elegaiis Paul G. Wilson, sp. nov. Ramuli Icpidoti, glanduloso tuberciilati. Folia divaricata. atro-viridia, cuneata, retusa, crassa, c. 5mm longa, 2-3 mm lata, glanduloso tuberculata, marginis recurva, glanduloso undulata, supra glabra, infra argenteo- vel ferrugineo-iepidota. Inflorescentia 2-5-noris; pedicelli graciles, 5-10 mm longi. Calyx c. 1.5 mm altus. Pelala lale elliptica, 4-5 mm longa, alba. Typus: 9 km WSW of Point Pleasant, Fraser Range, Western Australia, 20 September 1 980, K. Newbey 7536 {holo: PERTH 00909726), Spreading shrub to 90 cm high. Branchlets spreading, lepidote, glandular-tuberculate. Leaves spreading, shortly petiolate, dark green; lamina cuneate, retuse, thick, c. 5 mm long, 2-3 inni wide, glandular-luberculalc (at least when dry), margins recurved and glandular-undulate, upper surface glabrous, lower surface si 1 very- or ferruginous-lepidote. Inflorescence a terminal umbel of 2-5 flowers; pedicels .slender, 5-10 mm long, lepidote. Calyx c. 1.5 mm high, silvery- to ferruginous-lepidote outside, divided two-thirds into debate lobes. Petals broadly elliptic, 4-5 mm long, white, silvery- to ferruginous-lepidote outside. Fruiting cocci broadly oblong, c. 3 mm high, rounded at apex with a small spreading apiculum on outer angle. Distribution. Southern Western Australia from Mt Day (120 km west of Norseman) east to the Fraser Range, Coolgardie Botanical District (Beard 1980). Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 96 km E of Norseman, D.E. Albrecht 4032 (PERTH); 98 km E of Norseman, R.J. Cranfleld 10065 (PERTH); 9 km E of Norseman, C.A. Gardner 14222 (PERTH); Ml Day, K.R. Newbey 5273 (PERTH). Habitat. In well-drained sandy or granitic loam on rocky slopes. Flowering period. July to September. Conservation .status. This species is not recorded from a reserve, however, it is found over a wide area of pastural land and vacant crown land and is not in need of protection. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the elegant appearance of the shrub as has been noted by collectors. Affinities. This species corresponds most closely to the polymorphic Phebaliurn tuberculosum but it differs in having long slender pedicels, a cuneate leal (not linear-terete), and a small calyx. Notes. None of the eleven species in what may be considered the Phebaliurn microphyllum - P. tuherculosuni group can be satislactorily discriminated since each exhibits a dillerent variant aleach different locality and each appears to hybruli/.e with those of the group it comes into contact. A similar situation occurs in /*. elcgans which at its eastern extreme is silvery lepidote and at its western extreme lerrugmous Icpidiile. The western variant may grade to the south and east into P. obovatuni. Paul G. Wilson, Phebaliuin - new species and nomcnclatural changes 283 Phebalium festiviim Paul G. Wilson, sp. nov. Folia coriacea, oblonga vel late ciliptica, 2-3 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, ad apicem rotundata, supra convexa fere laevia, ad margines recurva ct leviler crcnulata, infra argenteo lepidota. Umbellae parvac, sessilcs; pcdicelli c. 1 ,5 mm longi. Calyx breviler hemisphericus, 1-1.5 mm altus, laevis, argenteo vel ferruginco Icpidotus, ad marginem undulatus vel truncatus. Pctala alba, extra ferrugineo lepidota. Typus: Flagstaff Hi II, 5.5 milesfc. 8.8 km)northofEaglehawk, Victoria, 30 September 1952,/?. Me/v;Y/e 1254 (halo: MEL 520053; Lw: K, n.v.). Shrub c. 0.6 m high. Branchlets s\cndcr, smooth. Lea vca’ coriaceous, oblong to broadly elliptic, 2-3 mm long. 1-1.5 mm wide; apex rounded; upper surface convex and almost smooth; margins recurved and slightly crenulate; lower surface silvery-lepidote. Flowers m small sessile umbels terminal to branchlets; pedicels r. 1.5 mm long. Ca/yx shortly hemispherical, 1-1 .5 mm high, smooth, silvery- to ferruginous-lepidote, margin undulate to truncate. Petals elliptic, 2.5 x 1.5 mm, white, ferruginous-lepidote outside. Selected specimens examined. VICTORIA: Gobarup Flora Reserve, A. C. Beauglehole 6S93\ (MEL); Painswick, near Dunolly, M.E. Phillips, 1 8 Mar. 1961 (AD); Tarnagulla State Forest, 28 Aug. 1979, P.G. Smith (MEL). Distribution. Found near Bendigo in western Victoria. Habitat. Usually found growing in open eucalypt forest. Etymology. The epithet /evr/v/au, refers to the pleasant aspect of the plant when in flower. Notes. Phebalium fe.stivum differs from P. obcordatum Benth., to which species the collections had previously been referred, principally in the shape of the leaves and in their smooth slightly convex upper surface which lacks a medial groove, while in addition, the petals of P.festivum are white within, whereas in P. obcordatum they arc yellow. Phebaliumglandulo.siiniHook.aiT. Mitch., J.Exped.Trop. Australia 199(1848). Typetc. II miles [17 km] south of Mt Owen near head of Maranoa River, Queensland, 16 June 1846, T.L. Mitchell 331 (holo: K; iso: MEL 475 1 ). Notes. This is a widespread and variable species. Three subspecies were recognized by Wilson ( 1 970) who noted that large-leaved variants ofsubsp. glandulosum occurred in the Warrumbungle Range and at Mulgowcn vStation south of Bourke. Both of these variants probably warrant recognition, however, recent collections show that the plants from the Mulgowen locality arc morphologically similar to a variant ofsubsp. glandulosum found in central and northern Queensland which approaches the type in leaf-size. On the other hand the variant found in the Warrumbungle Range is geographically and morphologically di.sjunct from other populations of the species and can be readily circumscribed, it is described below as subsp. nitidum. 284 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) a. Phebaliuni glandulosum subsp. nitidum Paul G, Wilson, subsp. nov. Phehalio glanduloso subsp. glanduloso similis sed foliis grandioribus plerumque 2-3 cm longis, 3-5 mm latis, apicc truncatis parum retusis, supra convexis secus costam leviter dcpressis nec canaliculatis differt. Typus: Warrumbungle Mountains, New South Wales, 25 May 1 948,£’.F. Constable {holo:'HS'H 6462). Branchlets sparsely glandular-verrucose. Leaves shortly (2-3 mm) petiolate; lamina narrowly oblong or narrowly oblong-elliptic, mostly 2-3 cm long, 3-5 mm wide; margin crenate and glandular- verrucose; base cuneate; apex truncate and slightly retuse; upper surface convex with shallow depression over midrib, glabrous, glossy, smooth or sparsely glandular-verrucose; lower surface smooth apart from the sparsely verrucose prominent midrib, fawn lepidote. Pedicels slender, 5-7 mm long. Calyx hemispherical, glandular-verrucose, c. 2 mm high including the broadly triangular lobes c. 0.7 mm long. Specimens examined. NEW SOUTH WALES: Head of Tooraweenah Creek, Warrumbungle Mountains, L.A.S. Johnson & E.F. Constable (NSW 20490); Mt Naman, 34 km SW of Coonabarabran, H. Streimann76 \ (PERTH). Distribution. Endemic to the Warrumbungle Range in north-eastern New South Wales. Habitat. Evidently confined to rocky basalt slopes. Etymology. The epithet is derived from the Latin word nitidus which means shining and refers to the upper surface of the leaves. Notes. This subspecies has much larger leaves than typical subsp. glandulosum but it is similar to the large-leaved variant of that subspecies which grows in the Gunderbooka Range south of Bourke in central New South Wales. The two subspecies may be readily distinguished by the appearance of the upper surface of the leaves; in subsp. glandulosum there is a sharp depressed line over the midrib whereas in subsp. nitidum there is a gentle depression. In addition, the leaves of subsp. nitidum are glossy above when mature whereas in the Gunderbooka Range variant the mature leaves are dull and often retain a sparse lepidote cover. Phebalium laevigatum Paul G. Wilson, sp. nov. Lamina folio anguste oblonga, 12-15 mm longa, 1.5-2. 0 mm lata, obtusa, Integra, supra convexa, glabrescens, nitida, laevis vel leviter canaliculata, infra lepidota et manifeste costata. Inflorescentia c. 7-nora; pedicelli gracilcs, c. 4 mm longi. Calyx c. 1 .5 mm altus, ad dimidium in lobis deltatis divisus. Petala late elliptica, 4-5 mm longa, tlava vel alba, extra ferrugineo-lepidota. Typus: 48 km ESE of Merredin, Western Australia, N.N. Donner A6QQ (holo: PERTH 896632). Erect slender shrub to I m high. Branchlets glandular-tubcrculate. Leaves ascending; petiole 2 mm long; lamina narrowly oblong, 12-15 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, obtuse, margin entire; upper Paul G. Wilson, FhehciUiiin - new species and nonienclatural changes 285 surface convex, glabrescent, sparsely silvcry-lepidote, glossy when mature, glandular-punctate, smooth or faintly channelled; lower surface silvery-lepidote with prominent midnerve. Umbels of c. 1 flowers; pedicels slender, c. 4 mm long. Calyx c. 1 .5 mm long, ferruginous-lepidote, divided half way into deltate lobes. Petals broadly elliptic, 4-5 mm long, yellow to white, ferruginous-lepidote outside. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 30 miles [48 km] E of Merredin, P.R. Jefferies 631004 (PERTH); 8.5 km NW ol Wialki, F. M. Mollemans ?>369 (PERTH); Chandler near Campion, R.D. Royce 2060 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the Mcrrcdin-Bullfinch area of southern Western Australia. Habitat. Grows principally in sand heath with Acacia. Conservation status. This species is widespread, and evidently not under threat. Etymology. The epithet is from the Latin word laevigatas, which means smooth and polished, and here refers to the appearance of the leaves. Notes. This species had been assumed (Wilson 1 970) to represent a stage in the introgression between P. microphyllum and P. tubercidosum, but it is now evident that it is a distinct taxon which is found in areas where neither of the other two species occurs. Phebalium megaphyllum (Ewart) Paul G. Wilson, stat. etcomb. nov. Eriostemon tuberculosus var. megaphyllus Ewart, Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria ser. 2, 19: 39 (1907). - Phebalium tubercidosum subsp. megaphyllmn (Ewart) Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1: 72 (1970). Type: Cowcowing, Western Australia, September 1904, M. Koch 1330 {holo: MEL 4545). Notes. This taxon is found in the Wubin to Southern Cross area of Western Australia; it was earlier (Wilson 1970) considered to be sufficiently similar to the Icctotype of Pebalium tiiberculosum as to warrant only infraspecific status. However, further study has shown that the two are consistently different in leaf and Rower characters; I’urthermore, the areas of distribution ofP. tiiberculosum and P. megaphyllum do not overlap and therefore they do not hybridize in nature with each other, although each hybridizes with some other species of Phebalium. Phebalium obovatuni (Paul G. Wilson) Paul G. Wilson, stat. nov. Phebalium lepidotiim var. obovutum Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1: 74 (1970). Type; Between Israelite Bay and Point Culver, Western Ausiralia, C. Maxwell (holo: MEL 4801 ). Notes. This taxon is found in the far south-east corner of Western Australia. When first described the few collections seen were insulTicient to clearly establish its status. Field studies over the past thirty years suggest that it warrants recognition as a distinct species. 286 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Rliadinothamnus RhadinothamniLsPau\G.\W'\hon.Nuytsia 1 ; 1 97 ( 197 1 ). Type: R. euphemiae (P . Muell.) Paul G. Wilson. Phebalium seel. Gonioclados Paul G. Wilson, Nuytsia 1 : 96 ( 1 970). Type: Rliadinothamnus anceps (DC.) Paul G. Wilson. Silvery-lepidotc shrubs. Branches smooth. Leaves alternate, simple, shortly petiolate. Flowers cymose or solitary and axillary. Pedicel medially bibracteolate. Calyx patclliform or hemispherical, undulately lobed. Petals free, elliptic, valvate, slightly intlexed at tip, lepidote outside, white. Staminal filaments llatiened in lower part, terete above, glabrous; anthers versatile, base cordate, apex obtuse, with a non-glandular apiculum, white. Disc short. Carpels 5, glabrous or lepidote, with or without a short sterile apex. Ovules 2 per carpel. Style solitary, terete, attached to adaxial medial surfaces of carpels; stigma not or scarcely lobed. Seed narrowly reniform or bluntly ellipsoid; outer testa membranous, dark brown, smooth; sclerolesta smooth; hilum superficial, narrowly elliptic, bordered by cartilaginous strands (hilar strands); raphe similar to hilar strands in texture, sub-basal, covered by membranous layer that is continuous with outer testa; aril linear, fleshy, situated between hilar strands, readily detached. A genus of three species endemic to Western Australia. Notes. The genus Rliadinothamnus was established to accommodate the species Nematolepis euphemiae (sy n. Phebalium euphemiae) that appeared to be anomalous in both of the genera into which it had been placed. When the genus was first described, comment was made on its close relationship to the species in Phebalium sect. Gonioclados. but the species in this .section were not concurrently transferred to the new genus. This action is now taken. Someofthccharactersthatservetodiscriminate W;ad/«ot/iamn(Marcfoundinthe.seed, inparticular the manner in which cartilaginoid strands surround the hilum. These characters are described and discussed above. RefertoFigure \ .ihcsccdoi'Chorilaena, which is the same as that for R/iac/mor/iamnM^. Rliadinothamnus anceps (DC.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phebalium anceps DC., Prodr. 1:719 (1 824). - Eriostemon anceps (DC.) Sprung., Syst. Veg. 2: 322 (1825). Type.- “NouvelleHollande, cote orientale (Port duRoi Georges)” [King George Sound, Western Australia], /iV/c Jussieu. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 2: 1 34 ( 1 825) (holo: G-DC). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west ol Western Australia. Rhadinothainnus euphemiae (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson. Nuytsia I: 198 (1971). — Nematolepis euphemiaeF. Mud\.,Frdgm. 3: 149 t. 25 (Apr. liiCS).- Phebalium euphemiae (F.Muq\\.)C. A. Gardner, Enum. PI. Austral. Occ. 70 ( 1 93 I ). Type: Near Cape Arid, Western Australia, G. Maxwell {iso: K). Phebalium ba.xteri Benlh., FI. Austral. 1 ; 345 (30 May 1863). - Nematolepis baxteri (Benth.) Engler wEngler&Pranll, Nat. PlJanzenfam. Ill 4: 145(1896). Ty/^e.- South coast, Western Australia, W. Baxter {holo: K). Distribution. Occurs near the south coast of Western Australia from the Eyre Range east to Mt Ragged. Paul G. Wilson, I’hehaliuin - new species and noinenclaUiral changes 287 Rhadinothammis riidis (Barll.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phehalium rude Bartl. in Lchm., PI. Preiss. 1 : 172(1 845). Type: Baldhead, Western Australia, L. Prei.ss 2038 (iso: MEL 4981,4960). Distribution. Occurs near ihe south coast of Western Australia from Albany east to near Esperance. Notes. 'I’liree subspecies are recognized, a. Rhadinothammis riidis (Barll.) Paul G. Wilson subsp. rudis P. hilohum Barll. noin. illet^., loc: cit., non Lindl. ( 1 838). - Eriosleinon hiloltum F. Muell., Fragm. 1 : 102(1859). Type: Konkoberuphills|MlMelville|.Weslern Australia, L PreDs 2().Pd (i.w: MELA919). Distribution. Occurs near the south coast of Western Australia between Point Irwin and Cape Arid, but also recorded m 1898 from Mount Barker. h. Rhadinothamims rudis subsp. amblycarpus (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Eriostemon amblycarpus F. Muell., Fragm. I: 102 (1859). - PhebuUum amblycarpum (F. Muell.) Benth., FI. Austral. 1 : 345 ( 1 863). - Phehaliuin rude subsp. amblycarpum (F. Muell.) Paul G. Wilson, Nuyisia 1 : 98 (1970). Tyjte: Fitzgerald River, Western Australia, G. Ma.ywell 935 (liolo: MEL 4556). Di.s'tribution. Occurs near the south coast of Western Australia, and somewhat inland, frtitn Nyabing east to near Esperance. Notes. The subspecies rudis and amblycarpus are distinguished by their leal shape and ovary type (lepidotc in subsp. rudis and glabrous in subsp. amblycarpus). They usually have separate though at times adjacent areas of distribution, however, in the Fitzgerald River area are found plants with the foliage of subsp. amblycarpus but with a lepidote ovary; these plants may represent an intergrade between the two subspecies. c. Rhadinothammis rudis subsp. linearis (C.A. Gardner) Paul G. Wilson, comb. nov. Phehaliuin lineare C.A. Gardner, 7. Roy. Soc. Western Aii.stralia 27 : 1 80 ( 1 942). - P. rude subsp. lineare (C.A. Gardner) Paul G. Wilson, Nuyt.sia 1 : 98 ( 1 970). Type: Ml Ragged, Western Australia, C.A. Gardner 2864 (iiolo: PERTH 01617052). Distribution. Known from the Russell Range of south-eastern Western Australia. Conservation status, 'fliis subspecies is evidently local in its distribution which is, however, totally within a National Park. CALM Conscrvtition Cotie for Western Australian Flora: Priority Four. Acknowledgement The illuslrtUions were picpared by Annemaric Wilson. 288 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) References Beard, J.S. (1980). A new phytogeographic map of Western Australia. Western Australian Herbarium Research Notes 3: 37-58. Bentham, G. (1863). Rutaceae. “Flora Australiensis." Vol. 1. pp. 301-372. (L. Reeve & Co.: London.) Mueller, F. von (1873). Rutaceae. “Fragmcnta Phytographiae Australiae." Vol. 6. pp. 166-167. (Government Printers: Melbourne.) Smith-White, S. (1954). Chromosome numbers in the Boronieae (Rutaceae) and their bearing on the evolutionary development of the tribe in the .Australian flora. Australian Journal of Botany 2: 287-303. Stace, H.M. & Armstrong, J.W. (1992). New chromosome numbers for Rutaceae. Australian Systematic Botany 5: 501-505. Weston, P. & Portcners, M. (1991). In: Flarden. G.J. “Flora of New South Wales.” Vol. 2. (New South Wales University Press.- Kensington.) Wilson, P.G. (1970). A taxonomic revision of the genera Crowea, Eriostemon and Phebalium (Rutaceae). Nuytsia I: 5-155. Nuytsia i2(2):289 292(1998) 289 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS Taxonomy of Diplopeltis huegelii (Sapindaceae) During the tloristic survey of the Swan Coastal Plain (Gibson etal. 1994) it became apparent that species from a wide range of genera and families have variants occurring on the Tamala Limestones near the west coast, which are distinct from those occurring on the granites and laterites of the Darling Range. These variants are disjunct as there are no populations occurring in between on the Bassendean sands and alluvial soils of the central and eastern parts of the coastal plain. Preliminary studies indicate that many of these disjunct variants appear to be morphologically distinct at the subspecific level from each other. One of the species which has a distinctive limestone race is Diplopeltis huegelii. The taxonomy of the genus Diplopeltis Endl. (Sapindaceae) was revised by George & Erdtman (1970) who divided D. huegelii into a northern (D. huegelii var. subintegra) and southern (D. huegelii var. huegelii) race, based on differences in the lobing and pubescence of the leaves, but did not recognize the Darling Range race. This taxonomy was followed by West ( 1 985). The coastal and Darling Range races of Diplopeltis huegelii differ in the degree of lobing of the leaves and in the inOorescence size (Figure I). They also occur on different soils, calcareous versus loams and clays. All three variants deserve equal recognition. Since they are geographically and ecologically separated, with no apparent intergradation in morphology, they are best treated as subspecies, not varieties. New combinations are required. A key, modified from that of West (1985), to the three subspecies is presented below: 1 Leaves divided or deeply lobed, usually pubescent 2 Leaf lobes deep and almost reaching midrib along entire length of leaf lamina. Inflorescence compact subsp. huegelii 2. Leaf lobes mostly shallow, only the basal ones deep. Inflorescence branches loose subsp. lehmannii 1 . Leaves entire or shortly lobed near apex, pubescent only on margins and midrib, sometimes glabrous subsp. subintegra Diplopeltis huegelii Endl. subsp. huegelii Leaves divided or deeply lobed, the lobes almost reaching to midrib along entire length of lamina, usually sparsely pubescent on all surfaces. Inflorescence compact, few-branched, usually 10-15(25) cm long. (Figure 1 A, B) Distribution and habitat. Occurs on near-coastal limestone soils between Dongara and Mandurah. 290 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Diplopeltis hiiegelii subsp. lehmannii (Miq.) Keighery, comb, et stat. nov. Diplopeltis lehmannii Miq. (Miqucl 1845; 224). Type: Darling Range, Western Australia, 9 August 1839, L. Preiss 1282 (holo: W n.v., photograph seen; iso: MEL). Leaves distinctly lobed hut the lobes mostly shallow, only deeply divided at base, usually pubescenlonly along margins of the leaves. //;//ore.?ceHceloose, open,uplo30crnlong. (Figure IC,D) Specimens e.xamined (all PERTH). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Red Hill, T.E.H. Aplin 285, 3 1 6, 323; Badgingarra, J.S. Heard 1864; Forrestfield, R.J. Cranfield 176, 896; Karalee, C.F. Davies 748; Serpentine National Park, B. Evans 87; Bullsbrook, Nov. 1961, C.A. Gardner s.n.. New Noreia, C.A. Gardner%b'&A\ SW of Eneabba, A. 5. 9623; Serpentine Falls, I Nov. 197(1, A. S. George .v.n.; Darling Range, 21 Oct. 1897, R. //c/m.v.v./t.; Arrowsmith River, Drummonds Crossing, R. Johnson 3339; 37 km E of Fitzgerald River crossing on Ravensthorpe to Esperancc Road, 29 Oct. 1972, G.J. Keighery s.n.: 60 mile peg on Toodyay to Goomalling road, K.F. Kenneally 201; Wooroloo, M. Koch 1448; Maddington, l5Sep. 1909, A. Afom'.von i.n.; Wongan Hills, R. Ro/jcr/j 682; Cut Hill, York, 15 (Jet. 1922, (J. S’urgc/ir.v.//.; Swan View, 25 (Jet. 1900, A Morrison s.n. \Re.dW\\\, R. Spiijit 6965, 7179. Distribution and habitat. This subspecies extends from the Arrowsmith River, inland to York and south to Serpentine on granite, clay or lateritic soils. Apparently isolated populations occur at Karalee near Southern Cross (C. F. Davies 748) and east of Ravensthorpe {G.J. Keighery s.n. ). These are remarkably disjunct from all other populations and require re-collecting to determine their pre.scnce and/or status. Notes. Several northern collections of this subspecies {R. Johnson 3339 and A.S. George 9623) were previously listed as intermediates between subsp. huegelii and subsp. subintegra. A large number of collections held in PERTH of this subspecies are cited, to enable duplicates of these collections elsewhere to be rletermined. Diplopeltis huegelii subsp. subintegra (A.S. George) Keighery, stat. nov. Diplopeltis huegelii var. subintegra A.S. George (George & Erdtman 1 970: 102). Type: 2 miles [3 km] westof Eradu on Geraldton to Mullewaroad, Western Australia, E. M. Scymgeour 1446 {holo: PERTH 01598287). Leaves entire or shortly lobed near apex, pubescent only on margins and midrib or sometimes glabrous. Inflorescence compact, usually less than 5 cm long. Distribution and habitat. Occurs on sands between the Murchison River and Geraldton. Acknowledgements The curators of MEf. and W allowed the author to examine or borrow photographs of type collections of Diplopeltis GJ. Keighcry, Taxonomy of Diplopellis huegetii 291 Figure 1. A,B. Diplopellis huegelii siibsp. huegelii. A - flowering branch. B - leaf.; C,D. D. huegelii subsp. lehmemnii. C - flowering branch. D - leaf .Scale bar = 10 nun. Drawn from GJ. Keighery 15324 (A.B) and T.E.H. Aplin 316 (C.D). 292 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) References Gibson, N., Keighery, B.J., Keighory, G.J., Burbidge, A H. & Lyons, M.N. (1994). A Floristic Survey of the Southern Swan Coastal Plain. Unpublished Report for the Australian Heritage Commission prepared by Department of Conservation and Land Management and the Conservation Council of Western Australia (Inc.). George, A.S. & Erdiman, G, (1970). A revision of the genus Diplopeltis Endl. (Sapindaceae). Grana PalynoUif’ica 9: 92-109. Miquel, F.A.G. (1845). Sapindaceae Juss. In: Lehmann, “Plantae Preissianae.” Vol. 1. pp. 223-224. (Meissner: Hamburg.) West, J.G, (1985). Diplnpelti.s. In: “Flora of Australia." Vol. 25. pp. 101-109. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.) G.J. Keighery Department oF Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 5 1 , Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065. Nuytsia 12 ( 2 ): 293 - 295 ( 1998 ) 293 A new subspecies of Grevillea variifolia (Proteaceae) During a floristic survey of the limestone hills and outcrops forming Cape Range peninsula in Western Australia (Keighery & Gibson 1993), it became apparent that Grevillea variifolia contains two distinct leaf variants that are geographically separated. The type form occurs on the massive Tertiary limestones of Cape Range. The other occurs south and cast of the Range on the Pleistocene limestones of the Rough Range and the Quaternary calcarenitc ridges between Coral Bay and Cape Cuvier, where the climate is more arid (Keighery and Gibson 1993). Plants from these low outcrops have smaller, harder leaves with pungent triangular points rather than broad shallow lobing between the more numerous points of leaves from Cape Range. These variants areconsidered to be morphologically and geographically distinct and are worthy of taxonomic recognition. In their comprehensive treatment of the genus Grevillea, Olde & Marriott (1995a, b) foreshadowed the taxonomic recognition of geographic leaf variants in Grevillea acuaria F. Muell. ex Benth., G. nudiflora Mcisn., G. oiicogyiie Diels and G. pectinata R. Br., without noting rank. They did recognize geographic leaf variants in Grevillea apiciloba F. Muell., G. hiformis Meisn., G. ciirviloba McGill , 6’. dUlymobotrya, G. diversifaliuMcisn., G. mcinglesii (Gralvdm) Planch., G. naiiaC.A. Gardner, G. patentiloba F. Muell., G. pauciflora R.Br., G. rigida Olde & Marriott, G. sarisa S. Moore, G. shultleworthiana Meisn. and G. thyrsoidesMcisn. at the subspecies level. In only one case, did they treat a leaf form as a separate species, distinguishing Grevillea evanescens Olde & Marriott from G. obtusifolia Meisn. They saw only limited material of Grevillea variifolia and commented (Olde & Marriott 1995b: 217) that the species showed "some variation in leaf size, shape, degree of division and colour”. Therefore, since geographic variation in leaf characters appears widespread in the genus and is usually accorded subspecies rank, this rank is adopted here. Taxonomy Grevillea variifolia C. A. Gardner & A. S. George, J. Roy. Soc. VP. Australia 46: 1 29-130 ( 1 963). Type: Cape Range, near number 3 well, 2 June 1961 , A.S. George 2477 (holo: PERTH 1 137859). Grevillea variifolia C. A. Gardner & A.S. George subsp. variifolia Mature leaves with a petiole 3-6 mm long; lamina usually oblanceolate to narrowly cuneate, 17-43 mm long (usually greater than 25 mm), 15-22 mm wide; apex usually obtuse, rarely acute or pungent with 3-7 subsidiary points. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Cape Range, 1 8 Aug. 1 956, K. MeWhae s.n. (PERTH); Charles Knife Rd, Cape Range, A.S. George 1 340 (PERTH); Charles Knife Rd, Cape Range, Hj.Eichler225ii \ (AD.PERTH); VlamingHead,/!.^. George 1369 (PERTH); Cape Range, W.Rogerson 424, 297 (PERTH); I mile| 1 .6kml S ofVlamingHead, A.S. George 2577 (PERTH); Walk trail between Shothole Canyon and Charles Knife Rd, S. Moore 217 (PERTH); Cape Range, H. Deinarz 5789 (PERTH); Sandy Bay, Learmonth track, T. Tapper 1 0 (PERTH); 200 m N of Milyering Visitors Centre, Cape Range, R. Karniewicz 007 (PERTH); Mandu Mandu Gorge, G.J. Keighery 12858 (PERTH). Distribution and habitat. North-west Western Australia in the Carnarvon Botanical District. Confined to the massive Tertiary limestones of the Cape Range. 294 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Conservation status. Many populations in Cape Range National Park. Flowering period. June to September. Grevillea variifolia subsp. bundera G.J. Keighery, suhsp. nov. A Grevillea variifolia affinis dilTcrt a foliis duris, lobis triangularibus, lobis pungentibus. Typus: 15.6 km north of Coral Bay turnoff on Exmouth Road, Western Australia, 25 August 1992, G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 323 (PERTH 040552 17). Mature leaves with a petiole c. 2 mm long; lamina normally triangular, I 1-15 mm long, to 8 mm wide, rigid, with up to 5 lobes, each lobe with a pungent rnucrone 2-4 mm long. (Figure 1) Figure 1. Grevillea variifoHu subsp. bundera. A - llowcring branch, B - leaf, C - flower. Scale bar = 10 mm. Drawn from the type population, voucher G.J. Keifiheiy & N. Gih.son .^2.3. G.J. Keighery, A new subspecies of Grevillea variifoUa 295 Other specimens examined . WESTERN AUSTRALIA: WarrooraTrack, //. Demarz 1 1758 (Kings Park, PERTH); 79 miles 1 127 km] S ofLcarmonlh, George 2404 (PERTH); Learmonth Road, 22 miles [35 km] N orWaiTooratiirnol l', A .S'. George 3286 (PERTH); Gnaraloo, G ready 4 (PERTH)-, 60 kin N of North West Coastal Highway on Exmoulh Road, E. Wittwer 1756 (KPBG, PERTH); 15 miles [24 km] N of Warroora I urnoff, J. S. Beard 2530 ( KPBG, PERTH); Rough Range, G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 300 (PERTH). Distribution and habitat. North-west Western Australia in the Carnarvon Botanical District. Confined to Quaternary Bundera calcarenites and Pleistocene limestones (Rough Range), usually overlain by recent red sand between Cape Cuvier and Rough Range. Conservation .status. Widespread and probably not in danger, but is not known from any conservation reserve. Flowering period. May to September, with one collection in April. When surveyed in April 1996 no plants were flowering; Howering may depend on cyclonic rain. Etymology. Named after the Quaternary Bundera calcarenites to which this taxon is a common and distinctive component of the shrub llora. References Gardner, C.A. & George, A.,S. ( 1 963). liight new plants front Western Australia. Journal of the Royal Society of We.'tlern Australia 46: 129-138. Keighery, G..1. & Gibson. N. (1993). Biogeograpliy and composition of the llora of Cape Range Peninsula, Western Atistralia. In. Hurnphries, W.K. (ed.). The Biogeography of Cape Range, Western Australia, Records of the Western Australian Museum. Suppleincnt 4-S. pp. .S1-8.S. Olde, P. & MamoU, N, (199.Sa). "The Grevillea Book.” Vol. 2. (Kangaroo Press: Kenthurst, New South Wales.) Okie, P. & Marriott. N. (199.66). “The Grevillea Book.” Vol. 3. (Kangaroo Press: Kenthurst, New South Wales.) G.J. Keighery Department of Conservation and Land Management, Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 5 1 , Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065. 296 Nuytsia Vol. 12. No. 2 (1998) Nuytsia i2(2):297-300(1998) 297 Two new synonyms in the genus Pityrodia (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae) In a revision of the genus Pityrodia R. Br. (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae) by Munir ( 1 979), the following five new names were published for taxa that occur in Western Australia: Pityrodia augustensis Munir, P. chorisepala, P. glabra, P. glutinosa and P. ovata. All of Munir’s descriptions of these new taxa were based on very limited material. Subsequent collections have increased the number of specimens available for study , providing a much better basis for assessing the morphological variation and taxonomic status of these taxa. Since they are still known from relatively few collections, all of these taxa currently have conservation priority. During identification of material fora llora survey of the Shark Bay area (Trudgen & Keighery 1 995), it was discovered that Pityrodia glabra and P. glutinosa are synonymous. A recent examination of herbarium material from the northern arid zone of Western Australia has shown thatP. chorisepala and P. ovata are also synonymous. In each case the two names were published simultaneously, so neither has priority. This paper reduces P. glabra and P. ovata to synonymy. Recent collections of Pityrodia augustensis have confirmed that it is a very morphologically distinct species with an extremely restricted range. This species has been adequately surveyed and is now classed as Declared Rare. Taxonomy Pityrodia chorisepala Munir (Munir 1979:63-65). Type: South of Mongrel Downs Station, Northern Territory, 4 August 1976, P.K. Latz 6543 (holo: AD, n.v., illustration seen; iso: see notes below, n.v.). Pityrodia ovataMun'u'iMun'n 1919: 1 18-120). Type: 10 miles [16 km] west of McLarty Hill oil camp. Western Australia, 4 July 1968, J.S. Beard 5686 {halo: PERTH 00999733; iso: PERTH 00999741). Illustrations. The holotype of Pityrodia chorisepala is illustrated in Figure 19 and the holotype of its synonym P. ovata in Figure 37 of Munir (1979). Other specimens examined (■dW'P'EKYYi). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Site2 (18" 55' S, 123"14'E), near Edgar Range, 9 Aug. 1976, K.F. Kenneally 5560; Site 1 (18" 53' S, 123" 43' E), near Edgar Range, 12 Aug. 1976, K.F. Kenneally 5606. NORTHERN TERRITORY : 12 miles [ 19 km] W of Sandy Blight Junction, 26 July 1967,^.5. George 8921. Distribution. Occurs in the far south of the Northern Botanical Province and in the north of theEremean Botanical Province of Western Australia, extending c. 600 km from near Edgar Range east to the Western Australian border, and also extending slightly into Northern Territory. Habitat. Recorded in red sand, on dunes or spinifex plains, with one record {J.S. Beard 5686) of the habitat as ‘tree steppe’. 298 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Phenology. Flowers and fruits recorded July to August. Consen’ution .status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Known from three localities in Western Australia and two in Northern Territory. This species has a fairly wide range of over 600 km in a remote area where there is little botanical collecting, so may occur at many more locations than are presently known. It was reported to be rare at one of the Northern Territory locations but there is no indication of population size for any of the Western Australian specimens. Notes. Isotypes of Piiyrodia cliorisepala are cited (Munir 1979: 63) for AD, CANB, NT and PERTH but no specimen has been lodged in the type collection at PERTH to date. Munir based his description of Pityrodia chorisepula on two specimens from Northern Territory and that of P. ovata on a single collection from Western Australia. Two additional specimens collected from west and east of Edgar Range were seen later by Munir, who annotated the western one as P. cliorisepala and the eastern one as P. ovata in 1980. It was evident from these extra collections that both taxa occurred in Western Australia and that their geographic ranges overlapped. Munir (1979: 120) indicated that Pityrodia ovata was very similar to P. cliorisepala but differed in “its leaves being honey-combed underneath, not contracted at the base, covered all over with short gland-tipped hairs; leaves and inflorescence lax, not crowded towards the apex; pedicel short, ± 1 mm long; calyx-lobes obtuse with rounded lip”. The only consistent difference found in the current study was that all the leaves of specimens annotated by Munir as P. ovata have an indumentum predominantly of short simple glandular hairs, with non-glandular dendritic hairs restricted to the veins and margins, whereas in specimens annotated as P. cliorisepala only the upper ‘floral’ leaves have this type of indumentum and the lower leaves are densely covered throughout by non-glandular dendritic hairs. Consequently the leaves of P. ovata specimens lend to show the veins more clearly on the undersurface. Both groups of specimens have leaves contracted at the base into a very short petiole, both have the calyx lobes varying from obtuse to acute, and there is no difference between them in the degree of laxity of the leaves and innorescences. The single character difference of leaf indumentum is not sufficient to maintain the two taxa as distinct species. Pityrodia cliorisepala is chosen here, in preference to P. ovata as the name for this species, partly because it has been more widely used and partly because it appears to be a more suitable name. One of the specimens (K.F. Kenneally 5560) has the leaves mostly obovate rather than ovate, so use of the epithet ovata could be misleading. Although the corolla appears glabrous outside, all specimens have a few minute simple glandular hairson the lobes. Flower colour isrecorded for one of the specimens (WF. 5560) as “white with red spots in throat”, while two other records only mention the white colour. Pityrodia gliitinosa Munir (Munir 1979: 84-86). Type: About 175 km north of Geraldton, Western Australia, 2 October 1966, E.A. Shaw 608 {holo: AD, n.v., illustration seen; iso: PERTH 01608320). P(r)’rwfm);/a/?n(Munir(Munir 1979:51-54). Ty/re.' 7 miles [ 1 1 kmlalongTamalaroadfromHamelin- Denham road. Western Australia, 26 August 1969, A.S. George 9561 (holo: PERTH 00999725; iso: AD, n.v.). B.L. Rye &, M.E. Trudgen, New synonyms in the genus Pityrodia 299 Illustrations. The hololypc oF Pityrodia glutinosa is illustrated in Figure 26 and a specimen of its synonym P. glabra in Figure 15 of Munir (1979). Otlierspecimcns e.xainined (MPERTH). WESTERN AUSTRALIA:200muptracktoN of Useless Loop road, 8.7 km W of Dcnham-IIamelin road, 22 Aug. 1991, A.H. Burbidge 4636; SE of Coolcalalaya Station, beside Slate Barrier Fence, 1 8,5 km SE of gas pipeline, 28 Aug. 1 990, A.H. Burbidge 4791; c. 50 miles [ 80 km | N of Mary Springs Home.stead, North West Coastal Highway, 14 Sep. 1 960, S. Davies-, 8 km on Tamala road, 28 Aug. 1985. H. Demarz 10685; 39 km N of Murchison bridge, 7 Aug. 1987, H. Demarz 1 1754; 135 km N of Northampton, 14 July 1964,7). W. Gondall 1 195;c. 30 km NW of Tamala homestead, 20 July 1 988, G.J. Keighery & J.J. Alford 2007; 8.8 km W along Useless Loop road from Denhain-Hamclin road, 23 Aug. 1 994, G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1 273; 425 mile peg on North West Coastal Highway [ I 82 km N of Gcraldton], 3 Nov. 1965, F. Lullfitz 4331 ; 436 miles on North West Coastal Highway [200 km N of Geraldton], 2 Oct. 1966, E.M. Sciymgeour 1476. Distribution. Occurs in the far north of the South West Botanical Province of Western Australia, extending from Nanga Station south-east to west of Lake Nerramyne Station, Habitat. Pityrodia glutinosa occurs in a shrub layer often dominated by txEiicalyptus mallee woodland or sometimes by Calothamiuis. The northern populations, from Nanga Station, are from red sandy soil over limestone, in a habitat known as the Tamala System (Beard 1976), while the southernmost population near Lake Nerramyne Station is recorded on a slightly elevated flat with orange sand. No habitat details are recorded for the intermediate populations except for one specimen collected from a sand dune. Phenology. Flowers and fruits recorded July to November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes For Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Known from at least eight localities over a range of c. 190 km, but not from any conservation reserves. Notes. Although Pityrodia glabra and P. glutinosa were named in the same publication, no direct comparison was made between them except in the key, where they were separated at couplet 28 on the basis of leaf characters, the leaves described as “sessile, entire, slightly recurved along the distal margins” for P. glutinosa and ‘ subsessilc, distally dentate, Hat” for P. glabra (Munir 1 979: 9). In the illustration (Figure 26) provided Ibi P. glutinosa, the leaves appear to be subsessile and dentate, although not as prominently dentate as some of the leaves illustrated (Figure 15) for P. glabra. An examination of the herbarium specimens has revealed that the mature leaves are shortly petiolate and dentate in both taxa and the degree to which the margins arc recurved depends partly on how well the specimens have been pressed. Pityrodia glutinosa is chosen here as the name to use for this species, rather than P. glabra, because it has been applied to the majority of the specimens and because the epithet glutinosa is more accurately descriptive for the taxon than is the epithet glabra. 300 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) References Beard, J.S. (1976). “The Vegetation of the Shark Bay and Edel Area." (Vegmap Publications: Perth.) Munir, A, A. (1979). A taxonomic revision of the genus Pitymdia (Chloanthaceae). Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 2: 1-138. Trudgen, M.E. & Keigliery, G.J. (1995). Flora of the Shark Bay World Fleritage Area and environs. Unpublished Report for the Australian fleritage Commission. B.L. Rye Western Australian Herbarium, Department ol Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 M.E. Trudgen C/- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Nuylsia 1 2(2):301-302(1998) 301 Status and identification of Goodenia filiformis (Goodeniaceae) Goode nia filiform is R.Br. (Goodeniaceae), a small erect to ascending herb from the south-west of Western Austral ia, has for a nu mber of years been confused with G. pulchella Benth This communication highlights information useful in distinguishing between the two taxa, alleviating confusion in previous treatments. Carolin’s (1992) treatment of Goodenia in the “Flora of Australia” has G. filiformis as known only from the type collection, collected by Robert Brown in 1801 “between Princess Royal Harbour and [West] Cape Howe, near King George Sound”. After receiving the type collection from the British Museum (BM), the authors have determined that seven specimens housed under the name G. pulchella at the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH) are in fact G. filiformis ‘.All of the specimens originate from the vicinity of Albany, the same area as where the type was collected. Goodenia filiformis and G. pulchella seem to both commonly occur in winter- wet depressions, but G. pulchella has amuch wider range (Figure 1). OfthescvcnspecimensofC. /i/ifbmiAcun cntly in the Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH) only one is from a nature reserve (Millbrook Nature Reserve north of Albany). This means that the species should be considered for Priority Three listing, as Poorly Known Taxa. Further fieldwork will be required to determine the exact range of G. filiformis. o 0 \ o3 0 X Goodenia filiformis 0 Goodenia pulchella 0 PERTH 0 ° 0 0 o -.0 . ■ ' ^'ALBANY 60 0 60 120 180 Kilometers t=zd 1 — -3—=) Figure I. Distribution of G. Jilifonms anti G. pulchella in the south-west of Western Australia. R.C. Carolin (1992) did not examine the material the authors have determined as Goodenia filiformis. 302 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Table I shows (he principal morphological differences distinguishing G. filiformis and G. pulchella. Key indicators, which are height, leaf and sepal shape combined with geographic restriction, separate the taxa. Table 1. Principal morphological features distinguishing Goodenia filiformis and G. pulchella. G. filiformis G. pulchella Height to 25 cm to 35 cm Leaves shape linear-terete narrowly ovate margin entire entire to crenate-dentate width c. 1 mm greater than 1 mm Sepals shape ovate narrowly oblong length 1 .5-2 mm 2-3 mm Indusium c. 0.7 mm long 0.8-1 mm long The “Flora of the Perth Region”, pre dating Carolin’s ( 1992) treatment, contains an illustration (Marchant et al. 1 987) of a plant under the name G. filiformis. Unfortunately the illustration does not include the basal leaves, making identification difficult. As most illustrations for the flora were drawn from fresh material collected in the region, and the sepals are narrowly oblong, the specimen used is mast likely G. pulchella. References Carotin, R.C. (1992). Gmidenia. In: “Hora of Au.stialia.” Vol. 35. pp. 147-281. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canbeira.) Marchant, N.G.. Wheeler. J.R., Rye, B.L., Bennett, Fi.M., Lander. N.S. & MacFarlane, T.D. (1987). “Flora of the Perth Region.” Part 2. (Western Australian Herbariinn: South Perth.) L.W. Sage C/- Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. J.P. Pigott Western Australian Herbarium, Dcparlinent of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. Nuytsiu 12 ( 2 ): 303 - 305 ( 1998 ) 303 The name Leptorhynchos linearis and the type of Leptorhynchos (Asteraceae) The generic name Leptorhynchos Less. (Asteraceae) was based on two species names, L. squamatus (Labill.) Less, and L. linearis Less. These two names as currently circumscribed have been applied to species that are sufficiently different as to question their being congeneric. Since both names have, at different times, been proposed as type of the genus their correct application is of particular importance. History When Christian Lessing (1832) described the genus Leptorhynchos he included two taxa, L. squamatus and L. linearis. The former name was based on Chrysocoma squamata Labill. (Labillardicre 1 805) [incorrectly cited as Conyza squamata], a species found by Labillardiere on the south coast of Tasmania; there is no doubt about the application of this name since it was adequately described and illustrated and an isotype is pre.senl in Australia (MEL 1543432). The latter name was based on a specimen present in the herbarium of C.S. Kunth that had been collected by C. Gaudichaud- Beaupre at Port Jackson, Sydney, New South Wales. Lessing’s description of L. linearis was very brief and due to a typographical error indicated that the leaves were only 1 Vi" [lines] long (c. 3 mm) an error repeated by de Candolle (1838) while it was evidently intended to state that they were IV 2 ' [inches] long (c. 36 mm). Kunth died in 1850 and his herbarium passed to the state herbarium in Berlin (Staflcu & Cowan 1979). Here the type of L. linearis was seen by O.W. Sonder who considered that it was conspecific with L. squamatus and who published the new combination L. squamatus var. linearis (Less.) Sond. (Sonder 1 853: 500). He stated that he had seen the specimen of L. linearis in the Berlin herbarium that had been earlier examined by Lessing (“Coinpar. spec. Lessingian. in herb. Berol.”). George Bentham (1867), in writing up the genus Leptorhynchos for the “Flora Australiensis”, overlooked Sender’s comment and synonymy and applied the name L linearis in the sense of L. niticlulus DC. (de Candolle 1838) while the latter name he incorrectly placed in synonymy under L. squamatus. Ferdinand Mueller evidently had doubts about Bentham’s treatment of these species for he appears to have written to Prof. A.W. Eichler in Berlin requesting information on the type of L. linearis. Eichler passed the request to Paul Ascherson who was professor of botany in the University of Berlin. A copy of Ascherson’s reply to Mueller (dated 3 May 1 880) isatlached to asheet of L. squamatus in the National Herbarium, Melbourne (sheet MEL 248910). The essence of Ascherson’s letter is that the only specimen of L. linearis in the Berlin herbarium is that of the type of the name and that it was identical to a specimen of L. squamatus collected by Ferdinand Mueller at Port Phillip in 1876. Ascherson returned to Mueller a portion of this Port Phillip collection and also sent several achenes that were extracted from the the type of L. linearis in Berlin. These achenes are in a packet labelled “Achanen vonOriginalexpl. [Exemplar] von L. ///if'c/mLc.ss,” which is also mounted on sheet MEL 248910; they have the same morphology as those found in the type of L. squamatus and are di fferent from those found in L. niticlulus. in particular in the size, shape, and den.sity of the teeth towards the ba.se of the pappus bristles (see Figure 1 ). .Since the Berlin Herbarium was largely de.stroyed in the war of 1939-1945, the loose achenes on sheet MEL 2489 1 0 are presumably all that remain of the type of L. linearis. 304 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) Figure 1. A-C. Lcptorhynchos squainatus. A - achene wilh pappus. B - achene with enlargement of papilla. C - pappus bristle. D-F’. Leplorhyncitos nitiduliis. D - achene with pappus. E - achene with enlargement of papilla. F - pappus bristle. A-C from E. Gtiuba (CANB 015420); D-F from R. Melville 2854 (MEL). This information, and his own recognition of the correct application of the name L. nitiduliis, evidently led Mueller to adopt the name L. nitiduliis in place of L linearis in his “Systematic Census of Australian Plants” ( 1 882), but without an explanation. This name change was accepted by Moore ( 1 893), Rodway ( 1 903), and Maiden & Betche (1916), all of whom assumed that both L. linearis and L. nitidulus applied to the same species and that Ihc latter should be used (even though the former was the first to be published), although none of these authors indicated the reasons for their actions. This lack of documentation presumably led Ewart (1931), Curtis ( 1 963), and Willis ( 1 973) to continue with the misapplication of the nameL. linearis, while Jacobs & Pickard ( 1981 ) and Everett (1992) followed Maiden & Bctchc in using the name L. nitidulus, but again without an explanation. Leptorhynchos squamatus is widespread and somewhat variable. The taxonomy of this variation is currently being investigated by Christina Flann (MEL) and until this study has been completed a formal recognition of infraspecific taxa would be premature. Lectotypil'ication of Leptorhynchos Since it is now established that the names Leptorhynchos squamatus and L. linearis apply to the same species, lectotypification of the genus is not of such importance. However, the suggestion by Farr et al. ( 1 979) that Pfeiffer ( 1 874) may have lectotypified it on L. squamatus can possibly not be Paul G. Wilson, The name Leptorhynchos linearis and the type of Leptorhynchos 305 substantiated since all Pfeiffer did was to list the one species [as ‘Conyzasquamata’] under the generic name. The first undoubted lectotypification appears to have been made by Anderberg (1991) who chose L. linearis [= L sc/uamatus] as the type and it is this lectotypification that I am following, as did Greutercta/. (1993). Acknowledgement The illustration was kindly prepared by Annemarie Wilson. References Anderberg, A. A. (1991). Taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribe Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Opera Botanica 104: 1-195. Bentham, G. (1867). “Flora Australiensis.” Vol. 3. (L. Reeve & Co.: London.) Curtis, W.M. (1963). “The Student's Flora of Tasmania." Part 2. (Government Printer: Hobart.) de Candolle, A.P. (1838). "Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis.” Vol. 6. (Treuttel & Wiirtz: Paris.) Ewart, A.J. (1931). "Flora of Victoria.” (Government Printer: Melbourne.) Everett, .1. (1992). In: tlarden, G.J. (ed.) “Flora of New South Wales.” Vol. 3. (University Press: Kensington.) Farr, E.R., Leussink. J.A. & Stafleu, F.A. (1979). “Index Nominum Genericorum." Vol. 2. (Bohn, Scheltema & Holkcma: Utrecht.) Greuter, W. et al. (1993). "Names in Cunent Use for Extant Plant Genera.” (Koeltz: Konigstein.) Jacobs, S-W.L. & Pickard, J. (1981). "Plants of New South Wales.” (Government Printer: Sydney.) Labillardicre. J..I.H, dc (1805). "Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen.” (Huzard: Paris.) Lessing, C.F. (1832). “Synopsis Generum Compositarum ” (Duncker & Humbolt: Berlin.) Maiden, J.H. & Belche, E. (1916). “A Census of New South Wales Plants.” (Government Printer: Sydney.) Moore, C. (1893). "A Handbook of the Flora of New South Wales." (Government Printer: Sydney.) Mueller, F.J.H, (1882). “Systematic Census of Australian Plants." (Government Printer: Melbourne.) Pfeiffer, L.K.G (1874). “Nomendator Botanicus.” Vol. 2. (Fischer: Cassel.) Rodway. L. (1903). “The Tasmanian Flora.” (Government Printer: Hobart.) Sender, O.W. (1853;. Leptorhynchos. Linmieo 25: 500-503. Stafleu, F.A, & Cowan, R.S. (1979). "Taxonomic Literature.” 2nd edn. Vol. 2. (Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema: Utrecht.) Willis, J.H, (1973). “A Handbook lo Plants of Victoria." Vol. 2. (Melbourne University Press: Carlton.) Paul G. Wilson Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 1 04, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. 306 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) CONSERVATION CODES FOR WESTERN AUSTRALIAN FLORA R: Declared Rare Flora - Extant Taxa (= Threatened Flora = Endangered + Vulnerable) Taxa which have been adequately .searched for, and arc deemed to be in the wild either rare, in danger of extinction, or otherwise in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for the Environment, after recommendation by the State's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee. X: Declared Rare Flora - Presumed Extinct Taxa Taxa which have not been collected, or otherwise verified, over the past 50 years despite thorough searching, or of which all known wild populations have been destroyed more recently, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for the Environment, after recommendation by the State's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee. 1: Priority One - Poorly Known Taxa Taxa which are known from one ora few (generally <5) populations which are under threat, either due to small population size, or being on lands under immediate threat, c.g. road verges, urban areas, farmland, active mineral leases, etc., or the plants are under threat, e.g. from disease, grazing by feral animals, etc. May include taxa with threatened populations on protected lands. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but arc in urgent need of further survey. 2; Priority Two - Poorly Known Taxa 'I'axa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare llora', but are in urgent need of further survey. 3: Priority Three - Poorly Known Taxa Taxa which are known from several populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa arc under consideration for declaration as 'rare flora', but are in need of further survey. 4: Priority Four - Rare Taxa Taxa w'h.ich are considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare (in Australia), are not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every 5- 1 0 years. Publication date for Nuytsia Volume 12 Number 1: 17 February 1998 Nuytsia 12(2):307(1998) 307 Notes for Authors The aim of Nuytsia is to publish original papers on syslcmalic botany with preference given to papers relating to the flora of Western Australia, All papers arc refereed and the Editorial Advisory Committee reserves the right to reject papers. Opinions expressed by authors are their own and do not necessarily represent the policies or views of the Department of Conservation and Land Management. After final acceptance of papers, authors are requested to provide discs readable directly by IBM computer or internet attachments. Wherever possible, the MS-WORD software should be used. Original figures should not be lettered but accompanied by copies indicating lettering. Page proofs will be forwarded to authors for checking. Twenty reprints of each paper will be provided free of charge; no additional copies may be ordered. Sty le and layout should follow recent numbers ol Nuytsia. Within a paragraph two spaces are required between sentences; after colons, semicolons, commas and dashes a single space is required. Italics should be used for formal taxonomic names, from the genus level down to the lowest infraspecific categories, and for collectors’ names when citing specimens. Incidental Latin words in the text should be italicized but not the Latin diagnosis. Title. Should include the family name ofthc genera or .species treated, but not authorities. New taxashould be named if not too numerous. The type ol paper (e.g. revision, synopsis) and geographic areaof study should be given where appropriate. Structure of papers. Authors arc encouraged to use the conventional structure of scientific papers, especially when a complete study, such as a revision, is being reported. ( \) Abstract. Should he indented and commence with bibliographic information. New taxa, combinations and names should be listed with their authorities. The major contents of the paper should be concisely summarized but no additional material given. (2) Introduction. Should give some background information and state the purpose of the paper. (3) Methods a\ Male rials and methods. May include the method ofdrawing up the description from specimens, extent of search for types and discussion ofconcepts of taxonomic categories. (4) /A'.TO//i- or TracJ/ir^nv or rfawnev/KL-tm/r/ne/?/ or various alternative headings as appropriate to Ihedatabeing presented in the paper. (3) Discussion. A discussion section should be considered, which would include some or all of the following; a summary of the fi ndings emphasizing the most significant; interpretation ofthc results in the light of otherrelevant work; statetnent of new problems which have arisen; advising of aspects which are to be followed up; suggestion of topics which others might usefully pursue; prediction and speculation. Short Communications. These are short concise contributions, usually with few or no main headings. They lack an abstract and authors’ names and addresses are placed at the end. Headings. All headings should be mainly in lower case, major headings centred and bold, secondary headings (where required) left-justified and hold, and minor headings left-justified and italicized. Keys. May be either indented (e.g. Nuytsia 1 1 : 94) orhracketcd (e.g. Nuytsia I 1:55-56). Indented keys involving more than nine levels of indentation should be avoided. Where a key is indented, tabs should be used and not space bars. Species treatments. Use of certain named paragraphs, or sets of paragraphs, for matter following the descriptions is encouraged. The desired sequence and examples of commonly used headings are shown below. Italicized headings should be followed by text on the same line. ( I )Taxon name (in bold) and authority. For previously published taxa this should be followed by the reference, nomenclatural .synonyms (if any) and Type: heading with full type details. (2) Other synonyms with their type details, significant manuscript or phrase names. Recent papers should be consulted for examples of an appropriate format for citing synonyms. (3) Latin diagnoses (tor new taxa - not indented). 308 Nuytsiu Vol. 12, No. 2 (1998) (4) Typus: (I’or new taxa - not indented). (5) Engli.sh description (indented). (6) Other specimens examined or Selected specimens examined as appropriate. The number of specimens cited for each taxon should not exceed 20, Western Australian specimens should be cited first followed by any from other states in the order: Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania. Within each region, the specimens cited should be placed in alphabetical orderaccording to the collectors’ surnames. For each specimen the order of the details given should be as follows: locality, date, collector’s name (in italics) and number, herbarium (in brackets). (7) Distribution. (8) Habitat. (9) Phenology or Flowering period. ( 1 0) Consen'ation status. Department of Conservation and Land Management Conservation Codes for Declared Rare and Priority Flora should be cited for any endangered or rare Western Australian plants. (11) Etymology. ( 1 2) Typificatlon. (13) Affinities. (14) Notes or Discussion or Comments. Thrcatetied species. The Department ofConscrvation and Limd Management has a policy not to publish precise locality data for threatened species. When describing threatened taxa authors are therefore requested to use generalized localities accompanied by the bracketed statement | precise locality withheld]. Standard abbreviations. When abbreviations arc used, the following standards should be followed. ( 1 ) Author abbreviations, F'ollow Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E. (1992). “Authors of Plant Names.” (Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew.). (2) Book titles. These should not be abbreviated in the references but any literature citations in the text should follow Green, J.W. (1985). "Censusof the Vascular Plants of Western Australia.” 2nd edn. pp, 20-24. (Department of Agriculture: Penh.). A more complete list of book title abbreviations is given in Stalfeu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1976-83). ■'Taxonomic Literature. ’’2nd edn. (Bohn.Scheltema&Holkema: Utrecht.), butcapital initial letters need to be used in Niiytsia. (3) Journal titles. FollowLawrence.G.II.M.etfl/. (1968). “B-P-H. Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum.”(Hunt Botanical Library: Pittsburgh.) (4) Dates and directions. Generally should not be abbreviated except under the Specimens examined section. In that section, dates should be written in full only if they have less than five letters (e.g. July), otherwise should be shortened to the fi rst three letters and astop (e.g. Oct.), while compass directions should be abbreviated to capital letters with no slops (e.g. N and SSW). (5) Ollier abbreviations. Standard abbreviations fur measurements (e.g. mm), Latin abbreviations (e.g. c’., nom. illeg.). mountains and roads (e.g. Mt Koscuisko, Brooke Rd) are used in Nuytsia. Other abbreviations, especially ones that arc ambiguous (e.g. Pt), should be avoided. Figures. Numbers should follow a single sequence including maps. References. Citation of references in the texl should give the author's surname and date (e.g. Smith 1 963) and full details should be given in the reference section. This format is also recommended to replace the traditional abbreviations for references listed under taxonomic names, forexampleusing Benth. (Bentham 1878: 234) rather than Benth., FI. Austral. 7: 234 ( 1878). New species and nomenclatural changes in Pbebalium and related genera (Rutaceae). By Paul G. Wilson 267 Short Communications Taxonomy of Diplopeltis huegelii (Sapindaceae). By GJ. Keighery 289 A new subspecies of Grevillea variifolia (Proteaceae). By GJ. Keighery 293 Two new synonyms in the genus Pityrodia (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae). By B.L. Rye and M.E. Trudgen 297 Status and identification of Coodenia filiformis (Goodeniaceae). By L.W. Sage and J.P. Pigott 301 The name Leptorhynchos linearis and the type of Leptorhynchos (Asteraceae). By Paul G. Wilson 303 Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora 307 Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 1 2 Number 1 307 Notes for Authors 308 4346 - 0198-600 Dedication to Paul Graham Wilson. By N.G. Marchant 161 Beaufortia aestiva (Myrtaceae): a new species from the northern kwongan of the South-West Botanical Province, Australia. By K.J. Brooks, A.A. Burbidge and A.S. George 163 Sphaerolobium pubescens and Sphaerolobium rostratum (Leguminosae: MIrbelieae), new species from Western Australia. By R. Butcher 171 Brachyloma nguba (Epacridaceae), a new species from the south-west of Western Australia. By R.J. Cranfield 179 Xantbosia eichleri, a new species of Apiaceae from Western Australia. By J.M. Hart and M.J. Henwood 185 Notes on the genus Lepidium (Brassicaceae) in Western Australia, Including recognition of a new species, L. amelum. By B.J. Lepschi 191 Three new triggerplant species in Stylidium subgenus Centridium (Stylidiaceae) from Western Australia. By A. Lowrie and K.F. Kenneally 197 A taxonomic revision of Dicrastylis sect. Dicrastylis (Lamiaceae subfamily Chloanthoideae). By B.L. Rye and M.E. Trudgen 207 Anthofium odontophyllum (Goodeniaceae), a new species from Western Australia. By L.W. Sage 229 New subspecies of Goodenia drummondii and G. laevis (Goodeniaceae) from the south-west of Western Australia. By L.W. Sage 233 A taxonomic review of the genera Eriostemon and Philotheca (Rutaceae; Boronieae). By Paul G. Wilson 239 (Contents continued inside back cover) ISSN 0085-4417 Print Post Approved PP665C)02/00003