^ DEPARTMENT OF ' CONSERVATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT VOLUME 12 NUMBER 3 1999 DEDICATED TO RICHARD S. COWAN Western Australian Herbarium Department of Conservation and Land Management Western Australia NUYTSIA Published by the Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 1 04, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. All papers should be submitted to Dr Barbara Rye, Editor, Nuytsia. Email: Barbarar@calm.wa.gov.au SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS UNIT Coordinator: K.F. Kenneally Editor: M.R.L. Lewis Assistant Editor: J.W. Searle The journals Nuytsia and CALMScience are products of the Science Publications Unit which links the work of two CALM divisions: CALMScience and Corporate Relations. They form part of the latter's Programs and Publications section. Their purpose is to present the scientific work of CALM to a professional readership on a regular basis. NUYTSIA EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE B.L. Rye (Nuytsia Editor) J.R. Wheeler (Assistant Editor) T.D. Macfarlane N.G. Marchant J.W. Searle (Editorial Assistant/Page Preparation) ENQUIRIES Enquiries regarding distribution and subscriptions should be addressed to the Marketing Manager, Corporate Relations Division, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 29, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983. Phone: (08) 9334 0296 Fax: (08) 9334 0498 © Copyright CALM, 1999. ISSN 0085-4417 All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australia CONTENTS Page Dedication to Richard Somner Cowan. By B.R. Maslin 309 Acacia miscellany 16. The taxonomy of fifty-five species of Acacia, primarily Western Australian, in section Phyllodineae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 31 1 Acacia miscellany 17. Miscellaneous new taxa and lectotypifications in Western Australian Acacia, mostly section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 413 Acacia miscellany 18. The taxonomy of miscellaneous species with sharply pungent phyllodes in Acacia section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 453 Acacia miscellany 1 9. The taxonomy of some Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-merous flowers (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman 469 Acacia miscellany 20. Descriptions of three new Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By A.R. Chapman and B.R. Maslin 487 Short Communications Acacia amputata, a new Western Australian species in section Pulchellae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 493 Acacia hopperiana sp. nov. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 495 Index to Acacia names 497 Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora 505 Referees for Volume 12 506 Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 12 Number 2 506 Notes for Authors 507 Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Cover Nuytsiaflonhunda (Labill.) R. Br. ex Fenz.l (Loranthaccaej - the Western Australian Christmas Tree is one of the few arborescent mistletoes in the world. This endemic tree is a semi-parasite common in sandy soil from the Murchison River to Israelite Bay. The journal is named after the plant, which in turn commemorates Pieter Nuijts, an ambassador of the Dutch East India Company, who in 1627 accompanied the “Guide Zeepard" on one of the first explorations along the south coast of Australia. Cover design by Sue Marais Photograph A, S. George Nuytsia 1 2 ( 3 ): 309 - 3 1 0 ( 1 999 ) 309 DEDICATION TO RICHARD SOMNER COWAN 23 January 1921 - 17 November 1997 It is appropriate that this issue oi' Nuylsia, which is devoted entirely to Acacia, be dedicated to the memory of Richard Somner Cowan. Richard commenced work on Acacia at tlie Western Australian Herbarium (PERTH) in 1986, at a time in life when many other people would have considered retirement. He arrived in Australia after ending an illustrious career in the United States of America where, among other things, he had become a distinguished student of neotropical caesalpinoid legumes, had co-authored with Frans Staffleu the second edition of the monumental seven volume magnum opus “Taxonomic Literature”, and had assumed the Directorship of the Natural History Mu.seum of the Smithsonian Institute in Washington. During his 1 1 years at PERTH Richard worked tirelessly and diligently to complete twenty publications dealing with the taxonomy, ty pi fication and nomenclature of Australian Acacias. The majority of these papers were published in Nuytsia', his I'inal two papers, Acacia miscellany 17 and 18, are included in the present issue. These studies were directed primarily towards providing a sound scientific base for the “Flora of Australia” treatment oi' Acacia. The Flora manuscript was completed in 1 995 and the two Flora volumes containing the Acacia account are scheduled for publication in late 1999. These volumes will include around 200 species de.scnptions and 70 new taxa for which Richard is the author or co-author. 310 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Apart from his work on Acacia, Richard published a “Flora of Australia” treatment dealing with other genera of Mimosaceae in 1998. He also prepared Flora treatments for a number of the so-called “orphan genera” of Fabaceae (as yet unpublished). Richard Cowan has made a significant and lasting contribution to Australian botany. Our learned, highly disciplined and good-natured friend and colleague is commemorated in the granite rock wheatbelt species, Acacia cowaniana. Bruce Maslin, Principal Research Scientist, Western Australian Herbarium Nuytsia 12(3):3 11-411 (1999) 311 Acacia miscellany 16. The taxonomy of fifty -five species of Acacia, primarily Western Australian, in section Phyllodineae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) B.R. Maslin Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Maslin, B.R. Acacia miscellany 16. The taxonomy of fifty-five species of Acacia, primarily Western Australian, in section Phyllodineae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12(3): 311-41 1 (1999). The paper describes 43 new species, 14 new subspecies and two new varieties of Acacia Mill, in sect. Phyllodineae DC, and discusses their affinities. New names are proposed for two taxa previously recognized at varietal rank. Lectotypes are selected for A. acanthoclada F. MuelL, A. ataxiphyila Benth., A. auronitens Bindley, A. gonopliylla var. crassifolia Benth., and A. iteaphylla var. latifolia F. Muell. (here placed in synonymy under A. halliana Maslin). The following new taxa are described: A. acan/Zias’ler Maslin, A. acanthoclada subsp. glaucescens, A. acoma, A. aculeiformis, A. adinophylla, A. aristulata, A. asepala, A. ataxiphyila subsp. magna, A. barbinervis subsp. borealis, A. blaxellii, A. bracteolata, A. carnosula, A. caslanostegia, A. concolorans,A. congesta subsp. wonganensis,A. cuneifolia,A. deficiens,A. diminuta,A. ericksoniae, A. errabunda,A. euthyphylla,A. evenulosa,A. glaucissima,A. graniticola,A. hystrixmcXuAing subsp. continua,A. imitans,A. imparilis,A. improcera,A. insolita subsp. efoliolata,A. mi'o/ifa subsp. recurva, A. lanceolata, A. laricinu var. crassifolia, A. leptalea, A. lullfitziorum, A. mutabilis including subsp. angustifolia, subsp. incurva, subsp. rhynchophylla and subsp. stipulifera, A. nigripilosa subsp. latifolia, A. plautella, A. profusa, A. puncticulata, A. pusilla, A. quincpienervia, A. rhamphophylla, A. rigida, A. rostellata, A. sabulosa, A. scalena, A. sedifolia subsp. pulvinata, A. sphacelata subsp. recurva and subsp. verticillata, A. sphenophylla, A. tetraptera, A. truculenta, A. tuberculata, and A. xerophila var. brevior. Acacia pachyphylla is described, based on A. gonopliylla var. crassifolia Benth. The new combination A. congesta subsp. cliftoniana is made, based on A. cliftoniana W. Fitzg. Introduction This paper continues the series of 'Acacia miscellany ’ to validate new taxa and record lectoty pifications in advance of their inclusion in “Flora of Australia” (Maslin in press). All of the taxa included here are referable to section Phyllodineae DC. of Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). A number of the new names appear in Grieve ( 1998). 312 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Methods Most measurements arc from dried herbarium specimens which are also the prime source of data on habitat, distribution, phenology, bark morphology and flower colour. Head diameter is measured, as indicated in the descriptions, from fresh, dried or reconstituted material; it includes the stamens. As I use the term ‘pungent’ it refers to a phyllode apex that is drawn-out into a hard, spine-like tip; ‘sharply pungent’ refers to one that readily pierces the skin when touched and ‘coarsely pungent’ to one that is less sharp. My approach to ty pilication is discussed elsewhere (Maslin & Cowan 1 994b). The taxa are arranged in alphabetical order. Taxonomy Acacia acanthaster Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex densus, intricatus, 0.2— 0.5 m altus. Ramuli spinescentes, glabri vel parce strigulosi, cinereo- albicantes. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longae, plerumque caducac. Phyllodia linearia, 3-8 mm longa, 0.5—1 mm lata, glabra vel parce strigulosa; costa obscura; glans obscura, versus medium marginis inserta. Inflorescentia simplex. Pedunculi 1 vel 2 (3) per nodum, glabri; capitula globosa, floribus 18-27. Flores 5-meri,raro4-meri. Sepala libera, pilosa. Petalaglabra vel subglabra, enervia. Legumen arcuatum ad spirale, ± moniliforme, ad 35 mm longum, 2 mm latum, glabrum. Semina in legumine longitudinalia, ellipsoidea, 2 mm longa; arillus rectus, albus. Typus: 20 km south-east ot Sinclair Soak. c. 63 km north-east of Norseman, Western Australia, 9 August 1980, K. Newbey 6986 {holo: PERTH 00734950; iso: K, PERTH 00734942). Harsh, rigid, dense, intiicatc, domed j/iruii 0.2— 0.5 mtall, 1—2.5 m across, commonly ± circular in plan view. BarA light grey. Branchlets dividing near tips into a few short, straight, ± patent, rigid, naked spines that are light brown and somewhat shiny when young but age grey-white; mam axis of branchlet terete, not ribbed, glabrous or very sparsely antrorsely strigulose, usually scurfy-white below spines. 5'ti/2M/e.y triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, brittle with age, glabrous, dark brown, subpersistent or caducous. Phyllodes linear, narrowed at base, 3-8 mm long, 0.5- 1 mm wide, I: w 4-15, absent from old branches and branchlets, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved but commonly slightly recurved at the abruptly rounded, excentrically rostellate apex, Hat, glabrous or sparsely antrorsely strigulose, green, slightly shiny (tresh); midrib not prominent, slightly raised (dry), concolorous with lamina; lateral nerves absent or lew and obscure; marginal nerx’es obscure; pulvinus terete, 0.2-0.3 mm long, yellowish. Gland insignificant, on upper margin near or above middle of phyllode, eommonly absent,' cireular, c. 0. 1 mm diam. Inflorescence simple; peduncles 1 or 2 (3) per node, 6-1 1 mm long, slender, glabrous; a new shoot sometimes initiated in axil of pedunele at anthesis; basal bract solitary’ persistent, c. 1 mm long, ± widely ovate, eoncave, sessile, dark brown, glabrous but margins fimbriolate (hairs often sparse). globular, bright mid-golden, 3-3.5 mm diam., \‘&-21\^ov/QKd\bracteoles spathulate, c. 0.8 mm long; claw linear: lamina dark brown. F/oiver.v mostly 5-merous, afew4-merous in some heads; sepals 2/5- 1/2 length of petals, free, narrowly spathulate, sparsely to moderately hairy, brown: petals 1.3-1. 5 mm long, glabrous or subglabrous, nerveless. Pods strongly areuate to rather loosely and somewhat irregularly coiled, ± moniliform. to 35 mm long, 2 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, tinely rugose over seeds, glabrous, mid-brown; marginal nerves not thickened, yellow. Seeds B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 313 longitudinal, ellipsoid, narrowed at hilar end, obliquely truncate adjacent to aril, 2 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, turgid (c. 1 mm thick), periphery slightly ridged, dark brown to black except centre, slightly shiny; pleurogram obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole minute, c. 0.2 mm long and wide, dull yellowish, the lighter-coloured tissue extending slightly beyond the pleurogram; funicle straight, filiform, 0.5-1 mm long, rellexed below and abruptly expanded into a straight, + clavate, white aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Tarin Rock, opposite siding, T.E.H. Aplin 6009 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 1 km W of Newdegate, 8 Oct. 1983, E.M. Bennett s.n. (PERTH 00146900); 9.8 miles [15.7 km] E of Dumbleyung towards Lake Grace, R. Camming 2609 (PERTH); Woodline, c. 95 km ENE of Norseman, GJ. Keighery 3054 (PERTH); 45 km W of Lake King on road to Perth, F. Lullfitz551'& (PERTH); c. 5 km N of Nyabing on road to Kukerin, B.R. Maslin5M\ (MEL, PERTH); 51 km due ESE of Narembeen, intersection of Anderson Rocks Rd and The Humps Rd, B.R. Maslin 6149 (PERTH); 59 km due S of Hyden, Biddy-Buniche road, 4.5 km E of Aylemore Rd, B.R. Maslin 6358 (PERTH, Z). Distribution. Discontinuous in south-west Western Australia, most commonly collected in the southern part of the wheatbelt region bordered by Dumbleyung, Lake King and Narembeen, but also occurring north-east of Norseman near Sinclair Soak. Habitat. Grows in sand, clay and granitic loam in eucalypt woodland or mallee shrubland with Melaleuca or Allocasuarina scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Greek akantha (a thorn) and Latin aster (a star), refers to the radiating spines at the ends of the branchlets. Affinities. Superficially similar to A. pulviniformis Maiden & Blakely in its low growth habit, spinescent branchlets, small phyllodes and rather small, globular heads. Acacia pulviniformis is readily distinguished from the new species in the following ways: branchlet apices undivided, phyllodes commonly subterete with midrib superficially not visible (less commonly ± flat with obscure midrib), gland (when present) situated nearpulvinus, stipules 1-2 mm long, inflorescence a 1 -headed raceme, a single peduncle (2-6 mm long) situated on an extremely reduced axis (peduncles have a solitary basal bract, the axis is subtended by two small bracts), heads 6- or 7-flowered, flowers 4- or 5-merous, sepals united, pods somewhat tightly and irregularly coiled. Acacia acanthoclada F. Muell., Fragm. 3: 127 (1863). Type: sand ridges near Kulkyne, Victoria, August 1858,./. DaZ/ac/jy (/ecto.- MEL 26132, here designated); in the Murray desert especially near Kulkoyne [sphalm. Kulkyne, nearHattah, Victoria, December 1 853, F. Mueller s.n.] (paralecto: MEL 26130, PERTH 04340310 - fragment ex MEL); Australia felix [‘almost certainly the Kulkyne area, far N.W.Vic., leg. F.v. Mueller, Dec. 1 853’ - J.H.Willis in sched.j (probable paralecto: MEL 26134, ex herb. Sonder); Kulkyn[e] and Moornpool [Mournpall], [F. Mueller s.n.] (probable paralecto: MEL 26133); Murray Desert, F. Mueller s.n. {paralecto: K); Murray River [F. Mueller] (probable paralecto: K). 314 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Typification. I am indebted to the late J.H. Willis for his assistance in unravelling the typification problems involved. I have concluded that Mueller had in hand all the materials listed above when he described the species and, even though they all represent the same taxon and apparently were all collected in the same general area, lectotypification is advisable to fix the application of the name. I have selected the Dallachy specimen as the lectotype because it is the best of the syntypes. Key to subspecies of Acacia acanthoclada Phyllodes green or if glaucous then not wider than 1 mm, the phyllodes and branchlets glabrous or hairy; seeds 2-2.5 mm long (widespread) subsp. acanthoclada Phyllodes glaucous to subglaucous (new shoots green), 2-4 mm wide, the phyllodes and branchlets glabrous; seeds 3.5-4 mm long (Western Australia) subsp. glaucescens Acacia acanthoclada subsp. glaucescens Maslin, subsp. nov. Ab Acacia acanthoclada subsp. acanthoclada ramulis glabris, phyllodiis 2-4(5) mm latis, glaucis vel subglaucis, et seminibus majoribus (3.5-4 mm longis) differt. In Australiam Occidentalem reperta. Typus: Mt Gibson Station (between Wubin and Paynes Find), Western Australia, 29 August 1976, B.R. Maslin 4232 {holo: PERTH 00183768; iso: CANB, K, NY). Shrub 0.8-1 .5(2) m tall. Branches terete, obscurely ribbed, glabrous, dividing into many, rather short, straight, patent to erect, faintly pruinose, spinescent branchlets. Stipules partially or ± wholly united on young new shoots, caducous. Phyllodes cuneate to obtriangular with the upper apical angle obtuse and the lower angle mucronulate, 5-10(12) mm long, 2-4(5) mm wide, l:w 1.2-3, thin, erect, smooth, glabrous, glaucous to subglaucous (light green on new shoots); principal longitudinal nerve situated rather near lower margin and often obscure; minor nerves few, obscure and subparallel to main longitudinal nerve. Inflorescence an extremely reduced 1 (2 or 3)-headed raceme, the axis 0.2 (0.5) mm long, subtended by 1 or 2 minute, sessile, depressed-ovate, persistent bracts 0. 2-0.5 mm long; peduncles (5)7-14 mm long, glabrous, subtended at base by a soon-caducous, cleft, scarious brown bract c. 1 mm long, //ear/j globular, bright mid-golden, 17-25-flowered. Flowers 5-meTOus;bracteoles spathulate, 1 mm long, fimbriolate; calyx 1/3-1/2 length of corolla, gamosepalous, divided for 1/3-2/3 its length into + oblong, obtuse, ciliolate lobes; tube glabrous, nerveless; petals 1. 5-2.5 mm long, glabrous, finely 1 -nerved. Pods coiled, to c. 20 mm long (unexpanded length), 3-4 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, black (old dehisced valves). Seeds longitudinal, widely ellipsoid to ± ovoid, 3.5-4 mm long, 2 mm wide, dull, mottled with shades of brown; aril thick, subterminal. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 16.5 miles [26.5 km] from Three Springs on roadtoPerenjori,/.jS. Armitage 368 (PERTH); Evanston, 7.5. Scard 4760 (PERTH); 80 km S of Paynes Find, W.E. Blackall 3849 (PERTH); 96.5 km from Wubin towards Mount Magnet, B.R. Maslin 3547 (AD, BM, BRI, G, MEL, MO, NSW, PERTH); Mount Gibson Station, B.R. Maslin 4222 (PERTH); 5 km NNE of Mt Jackson, K. Newhey9\Q9 (PERTH); NE of Koolanooka Hills on MungadaRd, S. Patrick SP 2256 (PERTH); N of Mt Jackson on road to Diemals Station, M.H. Simmons 1237 (PERTH). Distribution. Infrequent in the south-west of Western Australia from the Koolanooka Hills (about 20 km east of Morawa) east to Evanston (about 110km north of Koolyanobbing) and near Mt Correll (about 60 km west-north-west of Koolyanobbing). B.R. Maslin, Acacia iTiiscellany 16 315 Habitat. Grows in red to red-brown, sometimes stony, clay or loam in woodland or scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. Subspecific epithet from the Latin glaucus (glaucous, covered with a fine bloom) with the suffix -escens (becoming), in reference to the phyllodes. Discussion. The combination of broad, glaucous to subglaucous phyllodes and glabrous branchlets serves to distinguish this new subspecies. Although each of these characters may occur in individuals of the typical subspecies, they do not occur in combination. In subsp. acanthoclada glaucous phyllodes arc rare, andinthese specimens thephyllodesdonotexceed 1 mm wide. In Western Australia the phyllodes of subsp. acanthoclada seldom reach 2 mm wide, but in Victoria they are reported to reach 3 mm (fide Costermans 1981: 309) and in South Australia 4 mm (/icle Whibley rev. Symon 1992: 48). The typical subspecies is widespread in southern Australia from Victoria and New South Wales west through South Australia to the semi-arid areas of south-west Western Australia, whereas subsp. glaucescens is restricted to the northern end of the species’ range in Western Australia. The two subspecies are not known to be sympatric, although their ranges abut in the Wubin area. The new subspecies resembles 4. sphenophylla (see below) which is distinguished most readily by its green, clearly 2- or 3-veined phyllodes. Acacia acoma Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex 0.5-2. 5 m altus. Cortex laevis, vel ad basin asper. Ramuli angulati, demum teretes, glabri. Stipulae 0.5-1 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodia anguste oblongo-elliptica ad oblongo-lanceolata, vel elliptica, vel obovata, acuta vel mucronata, plerumque 15-30 mm longa, 7-12 mm lata, glabra, saepe glauca; costa obscura; glans c. 1-5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus, (l)2-capitatus. Pedunculi 8-21 mm longi, glabri; capitulum floribus 30-37. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen arcuatum vel spirale, ad 15 mm longum, 2-3 mm latum, teres ad semi-teres, glabrum. Semina in legumine longitudinalia, oblongoidea vel ellipsoidea, 2.5-3 mm longa, nitentia; arillus conicus, crassus, albus. Typus: nearMtClasse, Bremer Range, Western Australia, 23 September 1983, B.R. Maslin 5428 (holo: PERTH 00174750; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Open, somewhat gangling shrub 0.5-2.5 m tall, sparingly branched at base, or in open sites (e.g. road verges) rounded to obconic, subdense and much-branched at base. Bark smooth, sometimes roughened at base of stems, grey. New shoots pale purplish. Young branchlets angled, at length terete, obscurely ribbed, glabrous, salmon-pink to orange, orange-pink or dark red, faintly to moderately pruinose; older branchlets roughened by scars of raised leaf bases after phyllodes have fallen. Stipules narrowly oblong to triangular, 0.5-1 mm long, caducous. Phyllodes variable in shape and size, commonly narrowly oblong-elliptic to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate or elliptic to obovate, rarely lanceolate, (10)15-30(40) mm long, (5)7-12(15) mm wide, l:w L5-3(4.5), infrequently continuous with branchlet but not forming cauline wings (Yorkrakine variant), often slightly twisted from base, flat to shallowly concave or slightly undulate, sometimes recurved and widely spreading, thickly coriaceous, smooth, glabrous, grey-green to glaucous, brown, sometimes pruinose; midrib not 316 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) prominent; lateral nerves submerged and not evident on surface or occasionally very few and obscure; marginal nerves rather prominent, yellow; adaxial nerve bifurcating near base of phyllode; ap<>.v acute to obtusely mucronate, sometimes shortly acuminate, the mucro indurate, coarsely pungent, 0.5-1 mm long, straight to slightly incurved and dark brown; pulvinus 1-2 mm long (Yorkrakme variant), otherwise to 0.5 mm long, drying smooth or transversely to obliquely wrinkled, or absent. Gland on adaxial margin of phyllode 1-5 mm above pulvinus, commonly in a slight indentation, oblong- elliptic, 0.4-0.8 mm long, drying brown. Inflorescence an extremely reduced ( 1 )2-headed raceme; axis 0.5-l(3) mm long, commonly with an apical dormant bud at anthesis; peduncles 8-2 1 mm long, usually ± patent, greenish yellow to pale red, brownish to almost black when dry; basal bract solitary, soon falling, cucullate, 2 mm long, glabrous, dark brown, sometimes pruinose. Heads globular, bright mid- golden. 5-6 mm diam. at anthesis, 30-37-no wered; bracteoles resembling sepals, seemingly not subtending all flowers. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/2 (or slightly more) length of petals, free, linear or narrowly spathulate, glabrous or subglabrous; petals 1. 8-2.5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless'. Pods strongly arcuate to spirally or iiTcgularly coiled, to c. 15 mm long (unexpanded), 2-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, terete to semiterete, not or scarcely constricted between seeds, glabrous, green turning purple and faintly to moderately pruinose when young, ageing dark brown to black and not or slightly pruinose, marginal nerve not thickened. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to widely ellipsoid, 2.5-3 mm ^ -5—2 mm wide, shiny, mottled black and yc\\ovj-hTown\ pleurogram with a wide opening at hilar end, areole 0.3-0. 8 x 0.5-0. 6 mm; fimicle filiform, c. I mm long, abruptly expanded into a thick, conical, terminal, white aril c. 1 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 26 km due SW of Bodallin, R.J. Cranfleld 2358 (PERTH); 24 km S of Mt Hampton, c. 84 km SSW of Southern Cross, ATD. Crisp 1 101 (PERTH); Bendering Reserve, GJ. Keigbery 6268 (PERTH); Bremer Range near Mt Glasse, B.R. Maslin 5523 (PERTH); 1 km S of Yorkrakine, B.R. Maslin 6m (PERTH); 2 km W of Kellerberrin-Yelbeni road on Yorkrakine West Rd to Yorkrakine, B.R. Maslin 6 1 34 (CANB, PERTH); 45 km due SE of Merredin, 0.5 km E of Della Rd on Antonio Rd, B.R. Maslin 6137 (PERTH); c. 52 km due ESE of Narembeen,’ 10 km S of Anderson Rocks Rd on The Humps Rd, B.R. Maslin 6 1 50 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 1 mile [1.6 kmj N of King Rocks, K. Newbey 3230 (K, PERTH); 30 km SE of Mt Glas.se’, Bremer Range, K.R. Newbey 5398 (PERTH); 33 km ESE of Sinclair Soak, K. Newbey 701 1 (PERTH); just s"^of Yorkrakine, A7. S(otwoh.s' 366 (PERTH); c. 24kmSSEofCarrabin,/\. 5'f/7)/20359(AD,K, MEL, PERTH, Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia in scattered populations extending from Yorkrakine and Bodallin in the north, south to near Hyden and east to the Bremer Range with collections from Sinclair Soak (north-east of Norseman) and near Salmon Gums. Habitat. Grows in red sand, gritty red, grey or brown loam or grey clay on roadsides, low hills, ridges or flats in Whipstick Mallee or Gimlet woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. From the Latin coma (a mane, crest) with the prefix a- (without), in reference to the lack of indumentum. Ajfimties. Similar to A. merrallii F, Muell. which has a denser habit, usually minutely puberulous and non-pruinose branchlets, apprcssed-pubcrulous phyllodes (at least when young) and seeds with a B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 317 bright yellow to orange aril . Also similar to A. glaucissima (see below) which has terete, ± ribbed, non- pruinose branchlets, phyllodes with a conspicuous midrib and marginal veins, persistent stipules, longer pods and a yellow aril. Variation. Under natural conditions the normal habit of this species is a spindly, open, somewhat gangling plant which is sparingly divided (usually into 2 main stems) near ground level. In open, disturbed sites such as road verges the species becomes a denser shrub which is rounded or obconic in outline and is much-branched near ground level. Such changes in growth habit are not uncommon in Australian species of Acacia. Plants from near Yorkrakine at the north-west extremity of the species’ geographic range differ from those elsewhere in that their phyllodes (at least when young) are continuous with the branchlets. With age a septum usually develops at the base of the pulvinus which is reduced to c. 0.5 mm long. Acacia aculeiformis Maslin, .v/i. nov. Frutex diffusus prostratus, tcgetem ad 2 m latum formans. Ramuli glabrcscentes. Surculi juveniles obscure rubri. Stipulae 2.5-4 mm longae, recurvae, pungentes, persistentes. Phyllodia valde asymmetrice elliptica usque anguste elliptica vel interdum valde assymetrice obovata ad oblanceolata, margine supcriorc quam in fcriorc semper magis con vexo, 1 0-25 mm longa, 5- 1 0 mm lata, subdistantia, glabra ad antrorsepuberuia, viridia vel subglauca,cuspidata; costa medianaexcentrica. Inflorescentiae eis A. sernicircinali Maiden et Blakely similes, c racemis valde reductis monocephalis axe 0.5-1 mm longo apice ecrescenti compositac; inflorescentiae ceterae simplices secus surculum Juvenilem evolutae. Pedunculi 6-17 mm longi. Florum capitula globularia, (20)27-39-flora. Flores 5-meri; gemmae juveniles obscure rubrae. Scpala libera, spathulata. Petala 1.5-2 mm longa, glabra. Legumen et semina non visa. Typus: 10.5 km north of Three Springs on The Midlands Rd to Mingenew, Western Australia, 22 November 1983. B.R. Ma.slin 5491 (holo: PERTH 00739367; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH 00739375). Diffuse, prostrate sliruh. intricately branched, usually mullislemmed, forming mats to 2 m across; main stems to c. 10 mm diam. Bark smooth, grey. New shoals arising from distal end of the minute raceme axis, red. Branchlets terete, rather wiry, finely but distinctly ribbed (ribs yellow to light brown, muriculate-scabridulous), slightly IlcKuose, scabridulous, glabrescent (hairs to c. 0. 1 mm long, patent to slightly antrorse, arising from excrescences), normally green on under surface and brownish on upper surface. Stipules persistent (at least the indurate basal portions remaining on mature branchlets where phyllodes have fallen), 2.5-4 mm long, spreading, slightly to obviously recurved, rigid, pungent but with maturity the apices rather delicate and brittle and often readily breaking, glabrous to sparsely puberuloLis. Phyllodes very a, symmetrically elliptic to narrowly elliptic or sometimes very asymmetrically obovate to oblanceolalc, ihe upper margin distinctly more convex than the lower margin which is straight to shallowly convex, 10-25 mm long (including the apical cusp), 5-10 mm wide, l;w 2-3, thinly coriaceous, frequently (at least when dry) absent from some nodes, subdistant, patent to ascending, straight, slightly undulate, glabrous to antrorsely puberulous (hairs normally confined to the variably muriculatc margins), pale to medium dull green or subglaucous; midrib evident on each face, situated near lower margin, somewhat raised when dry; lateral iierx’es few, obscure, sometimes sparsely anastomosing, mostly arising from adaxial side of principal nerve and sometimes intersecting the upper margin; marginal nerves slightly thickened, variably muriculate- scabridulous, indumentum as on branchlets, yellow to reddish brown; gradually or rather abruptly narrowed at into a straight, subulate, delicate (distal portion readily breaking when dry), rather pungent 318 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) cusp 1-2.5 mm long; pulvinus to 0.5 mm long, smooth to slightly wrinkled and yellowish to brown when dry. Gland obscure, on upper margin of phyllode 1-2 mm above base, circular, c. 0.2 mmdiam. Inflorescence similar to that of A. semicircinalis, not particularly showy, 1(2) per node, an extremely reduced 1-hcadcd raceme; axis 0.5-1 mm long, growing out at apex; further inflorescences normally arise along ihe new shoot but lhe.se are simple (not racemose); peduncles 6-17 mm long, slender (c. 0.6 mm diam.), glabrous to moderately antrorsely or patently hirsutellous (hairs minute, fine and white), green orred; bracton distal 1/2 of peduncle, orabsent, narrowly triangular, c. 0.5 mm long; basal peduncular bracts 2, acuminate, c. 1 mm long, absent from simple inflorescences which develop on actively growing new shools. Heads globular or slightly obloid, light to medium golden, 6-7 mm diam. when fresh, 27-39-flowered (one head 20-flowered); young buds red. F/ovver? 5-merous; bracteoles spathulate, c. I mm long, glabrous to glabrescent, lamina abruptly and minutely acuminate; sepals free, c. 1/2 length of corolla, narrowly oblong to spathulate, glabrous to glabrescent, light brown (when dry), apex not thickened; pern/.? 1 .5-2 mm long, connate fore. 1/2 their length, glabrous, scarlet at apex when young, seemingly nerveless. Gynoeciiim glabrous. Pods and seeds not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 5 miles [8 km] EofThree Springs, Oct. 1972, C. Chapman s.n. (AD, NSW, PERTH 00 1 04 1 59); W of Koorda, Jan. 1 940, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 00104183); c. 37 km S of Moora towards Perth [on Great Northern Highway], B.R. Maslin 3271 (PERTH); about 5 km dueNNE of Mogumber, B.R. Maslin 5476 (BM, BRI, CANB, MO, PERTH); about 17 km N of New Norcia towards Moora, B.R. Maslin 4349 (PERTH); 10.5 km N of Three Springs on The Midlands Rd, B.R. Maslin 7013 (PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west ot Western Australia, from Mogumber north to near Three Springs. The collection by C.A. Gardner from west of Koorda (Koorda is c. 125 km east-north-east of New Norcia) is the most easterly known locality for the species. Habitat. Grows in loam or yellow sands on laterite hills in Wandoo {Eucalyptus wandoo) woodland. Flowering period. Flowering recorded from August to January. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Latin aculeus (a prickle) and the suffix -formis (-shaped or -formed), refers to the spinescent, recurved stipules. Affinities. Acacia aculeiformis has often been confounded with the more easterly distributed A. semicircinalis Maiden & Blakely which is now known to be restricted to the Wongan Hills area. Although these two species share the same flowering period, have somewhat similar phy llodes and very similar inflorescence and calyx structures, A. aculeiformis is readily recognized by its persistent, recurved stipules and its phyllodes which are very obviously asymmetric with the principal nerve situated near the lower margin. A description of A. semicircinalis is given in Maslin (1982). Acacia aculeiformis is probably related to A. congesta which has a more erect habit, and does not have red flower buds, new shoots and peduncles. Acacia adinopliylla Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex intiicatus, ditlusus, ad 50 cm altus, vel rectus, ad 1.5 m altus. Ramuli teretes, pubescentes vel glabii. Stipulac 0.5— I mm longac, caducae practer bases. Phyllodia fasciculata, anguste cuneata B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 319 ad oblanceolata, obtusa sed oblique mucronulata, 3-7 mm longa, 1-2 mm lata, crassa, hirtella, raro glabra, costa non prominent:; glans 0.5-1. 5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia simplex. Pedunculi 6-15 mm longi, hirtelli; capitulum floribus 20-30. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, glabra. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen angustc oblongum, ad 20 mm longum, 5-7 mm latum, minute hirtellum, rai o glabrum. Semina sphaerica, c. 3 mm diam., hebeta; arillus convolutus. Typus: Helena and Aurora Ranges [pi'ecise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 3 September 1984, A. P. Brown 1 12 (/jo/o.' PERTH 0073 1250; Ao.' CANB, G, K, MEL, NY, PERTH 00731242). Dense to moderately dense shrub, intricate, multi-stemmed, sprawling and to 50 cm tall, or erect and to 1 .5 m tall, to 1 .7 m across. Branchlets terete, not spinescent, pubescent to hirtellous (hairs short, soft, patent, ± straight, arising from minute tubercles) but glabrous to subglabrous with age, the erect variant glabrous throughout; ribs scarcely evident. Stipules triangular, 0.5- 1 mm long, united at their slightly thickened peisistent bases, erect, scarious, brittle, brown. Phyllodes mostly fasciculate and crowded at mature nodes on short nodose branchlets, narrowly cuncate to oblanceolate, 3-7 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, l;w 3-7, thick but flat, hirtellous (hairs commonly shorter than on branchlets), infrequently glabrous, bright mid-gieen; solitary on new shoots, straight to shallowly incurved; midrib not prominent, submerged, when dry position indicated by a longitudinal ridge along midline; lateral nerves and adaxial marginal nerve absent; nerve on abaxial margin thin, yellowish; apex ± obtuse, obliquely mucronulate, the mucro excentric, minute, thickish; puLvinus c. 0.5 mm long, yellow-brown, smooth. Gland on adaxial maigin of phyllode 0.5-1 .5 mm above pulvinus, minute (c. 0. 1 mm diam), slightly raised, circular. Inflorescence simple, axillary; peduncles, 1-4 per nodal cluster, 6-15 mm long, hirtellous, infrequently glabrous, ebracteate at base. Heads globular to slightly obloid, dull golden, 5-6 mm diam., 20-30- flowered, infrequently a few heads to 1 2-flowered; feracteo/e.v spathulate, I mm long, minutely ciliate or glabrous, brown (dry); claw linear; lamina erect. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 3/4 length of petals, free, linear to narrowly spathulate, glabrous to subglabrous; petals 1 .6 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pods (most of those seen arc dehisced) narrowly oblong, to 20 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, firmly chartaceous, undulate or twisted upon dehiscence, not or scarcely constricted between seeds although occasional deep constrictions may occur, slightly rounded over seeds, minutely hirtellous, infrequently glabrous, purplish brown. Seeds (few seen) ± spheroid, c. 3 mm diam., 2 mm thick, dark brown, dull; p/enragra/n very obscure, open at hilar end; areo/ec. 0.4 mm long, 0.3 mm wide', funicle soon expanded into a large, fleshy, convoluted, cream (dry) aril which curves c. half way around periphery of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, near Bungalbin Hill [preci.se localities withheld for conservation reasons] ; R.J. Cranfield 8 1 30 (PERTH); R.J. Cranfield 7770 & P.J. Spencer (CANB, PERTH); G.J. Keigheiy 4432 (PERTH); B.J. Lepsclii 2005 (BRI, CANB, MEL, PERTH); B.J. Lepschi 2040 (BRI, CANb’, MEL, PERTH); F.H. & M.P. Mollemans 2893 (PERTH); F.H. & M.P. /Wo//emam- 2908 (CANB, PERTH); K. Aevv6ey5919(PERTH); K. /Vew/jey 9204 (NSW, PERTH); B.H. Smith 1433 (PERTH). Distribution. Known from several populations in the south-west of Western Australia, within 10 km of Bungalbin Hill and south-east of Mt Jackson. Future studies in this rather poorly collected area may well show the species to be more common than currently indicated. Habitat. Grows in well-drained rocky loam and loamy sand or clay, commonly over jasperlite (banded ironstone) in open Eucalyptus ebhanoensis and E. griffithsii mallee shrubland with Eremophila, Dodonaea, Scaevola and 'I'riodiu low scrub. 320 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Phenology. It would appear that this species flowers sporadically throughout the second half of the year. Flowering recorded in June and September to December, the main flush occurring in September. Specimens with mature pods are rare with one collection (Lepschi 2005, PERTH) made in September, this specimen also with mature buds and llowers. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Greek adinos (close, crowded) and phyllon (a leaf), refers to the crowded phyllodcs on short lateral branchlets. Ajfinities. Similar to A. nodiflora Benth. in its fascicled phyllodes with the peduncles arising from the fascicles, but that species has longer, linear phyllodes, spinescent stipules, sometimes bracts on the peduncles, much longer pods and oblong seeds. Variation. Typically of sprawling habit and pubescent to hirtellous on most parts. A variant, represented by Mollemans 289.3. Lepschi 2042 and Cranfield 7770, differs in the erect habit and the lack of indumentum except the minutely ciliate bracteoles. The collection Cranfield 8 1 30, described as a compact shrub 50 cm high, has hirtellous stems that become glabrous within a few years, but all other parts are glabrous except the bracteoles. Acacia aristulata Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 1 m altus et latus. Ramuli teretes, obscure costata, pilosi vel pubescentes. Stipulae 2-3 mm longae, glabrae praeter margines ciliatos. Phyllodia oblique anguste oblonga-oblanceolata vel cuneata, uncinata, 7-10 mm longa, 2-3.5 mm lata, pubescentia vel glabra; costa non prominens; glans obscura. versus medium marginis inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus (l)2-capitatus. Pedunculi 10-20 mm longi, pilosi vel pubescentes; capitulum floribus 13-17. Flores 5-meri. Sepala in dimidio inferiore unita, glabra praeter lobis ciliolatis. Petala pubescentia vel hirsutella, obscure nervosa. Legumen linearc, 1-spirale vel tortile, ad 6 cm longum, 4-5 mm latum, moniliforme, glabrum vel parce hirsutellum. Semina longitudinalia, ellipsoidca, 3.5-4 mm longa; arillus plicatus vel extensus. Typus: 14 km north of Moora, then 1 km east of The Midlands Rd, Western Australia, 1 December 1986, B.R. Maslin 6122 {holo: PERTH 00799661 ; iso: AD, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Shrub to 1 m tall and wide, erect, scrambling or diffusely spreading, domed in exposed, disturbed sites. Branches slender, terete, very obscurely ribbed, scurfy white, ageing orange-brown, shortly pilose to antrorsely pubescent. Stipules prominent, 2—3 mm long, acuminate, united at base, scarious, light brown, sparsely ciliolate, otherwise glabrous, obscurely 1 -nerved. Phyllodes obliquely narrowly oblong-oblanceolatc to cuneate, (5)7-10 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, l:w 2.5-4.5, thin, erect, sparsely to moderately pubescent (hairs commonly antrorsc) or glabrous, green; apex abruptly narrowed to an excentrically rosttiform point, ± uncinate; midrib central, not overly prominent; lateral nerves few, obscure, pulvinus 0.5—1 mm long. Gland insignilicant, commonly absent, situated c. half way along upper margin of phyllode, circular, 0. 1—0.2 mm diam. Inflorescence 1 per node, an extremely reduced l(2)-hcadcd raceme, someiimes non-racemose and then peduncle ebracteate at base; raceme axis to 0.5 mm long, subtended at base by 2 small bracts; peduncles 10-20 mm long, slender, shortly pilose to pubescent(hairs antrorsely curved), recurved from base and sometimes glabrous when in fruit. Heads globular, creamy white, 9- 1 0 mm diam. (fresh), 5-6 mm diam. (dry), 1 3- H-flowered; bracteoles long- exserted m bud. 2-3 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm wide, narrowly lanceolate to almost linear, acuminate. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 321 scarious, light brown, sparsely ciliolate, otherwise glabrous. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 1/2-3/4 length of corolla, divided for 1/2-3/4 its length into narrowly triangular, sparsely ciliolate lobes, the 2 lobes adjacent to the bracteoles sometimes shorter than the other 3;/j)eta/s- 1 .5 mm long, pubescent or sparsely hirsutellous, very obscurely penninerved; midrib obscure or rather obvious (when dry). Pod linear, moniliform, loosely once-coiled to irregularly twisted, to 6 cm long, 4-5 mm wide, one margin ± inrolled, coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, glabrous or sparsely hirsutellous, tan, ageing dark brown. Seeds longitudinal with hilum facing apex of pod, ellipsoid, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, turgid (2.5 mm thick), mid-grey except blackish areole and peripheral nerve; pleurogram open at hilar end; areole 2-2.5 mm long, 1 .3-1.5 mm wide., funic le minute, c. 0.5 mm long, expanded into a very pale yellow aril (greenish or brown near hilum) which is once or twice folded on top of seed or unfolded and extending 1/4- 1/2 way down one side of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Watheroo National Park, Jingemia Hill, 3 km from entrance, R. Cranfield 8 1 1 9 & P. Spencer (PERTH); 1 1 km N of Moora along The Midlands Rd, R. Cranfield 8 1 75 & P. Spencer (PERTH); Jingemia Hill, Watheroo National Park, P. Hussey SI (PERTH); 1 1 km N of Moora on The Midlands Rd, then 0.5 km E, B.R. Maslin 6215 (BM, PERTH); 15 km N of Moora, D.J.E. Whibley 4875 (AD, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia in the Moora area and also Jingemia Hill in the Watheroo National Park, c. 25 km to the north. Habitat. Restricted to low, chert hills, growing in loamy or clayey sand in low open shrubland. Phenology. The few specimens to hand have been collected in September, November and December. In September the plants were in bud (few heads at anthesis) and sometimes with immature pods. In November and December both buds and heads at anthesis were present, as well as pods with mature seeds. From this it seems that the main flowering period begins in October and probably extends to about January or February. It is probable that the fruits present during flowering resulted from the previous year’s fertilization events. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. From the Latin arista (a drawn-out point or awn) with the adjectival suffix -atus (indicating possession or likeness), in reference to the bracteoles. Affinities. Similar in several respects to 4. bidentata Benth. which is most readily distinguished by its obovate to obtriangular-obdeltate phyllodes, caducous or inconspicuous stipules and non- acuminate bracteoles. Superficially similar to4. ra.yre//a/a (see below) which commonly has ± pungent branchlets, obtriangular to obdeltate, ± pungently mucronate phyllodes, shorter peduncles, smaller heads lacking bracteoles and black, rugulose seeds. Acacia asepala Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex diffusus 0.5- 1 .5 m altus. Ramuli teretes, obscure costati, glabri. Stipulae c. 0.2 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodiaacicularia, crassa, patentia, 10-25 mm longa, c. I mm lata, glabra, 5-nervia; glans obscura, 2-4 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus 2-capitatus. Pedunculi 2 mm longi, glabri; capitulum floribus 10. Flores 5-meri, glabri. Sepala absentia. Petala obscure 1-nervia. Legumen anguste oblongum, 1-4 cm longum, 4.5-5 .5 mm latum, vadose sigmoideum vel arcuatum ad circinatum, glabrum. Semina obliqua, obovoid, 3 mm longa, 1 .5 mm lata; arillus clavatus. 322 Nuylsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Typus: Frank Hann National Park, 70 km by road east of Lake King store towards Peak Charles, Western Australia, 13 August 1985, B.R. Maslin 5784 {hob: PERTH 00939110; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY). Diffuse much-branched, mid-dense, single- or multi-stemmed, 0.5-1 .5 m tall, 1-1.7 m across. Bark light grey. Branches terete, very obscurely ribbed, glabrous, red-brown at extremities, soon light grey, with prominent projections where phyllodes have fallen. Stipules minute, c. 0.2 mm long, ± scarious, caducous. Phyllodes thickly acicular, terete-pentagonal but commonly slightly compressed at base, 10-25 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, rigid, patent, mostly straight, some slightly recurved, smooth, glabrous, subglaucous except nerves; nerves 5, yellow, 0.6 mm apart; lamina shallowly concave between nerves upon drying ; apex narrowed to a straight, brown cusp 1 .5-2 mm long; pulvinus ± absent, reduced to a narrow rim of yellow tissue < 0.5 mm wide. Gland inconspicuous, 0.3 mm long, on upper surface of phyllode 2-4 mm above base. Inflorescence an extremely reduced raceme with 2 heads; axis c. 0. 1 mm long; peduncles 2 mm long, glabrous, patent or recurved from base in fruit; basal peduncular bracts caducous, prominent and enclosing heads in bud, 2-3 mm long, scarious, concave, dark brown, glabrous, rounded-obtuse or acute, sometimes cleft with age. Heads globular, 4 mm diam. when fresh (3 mm diam. when dry), c. 10-flowered, bright mid-golden; bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous, glabrous; calyx absent; petals free, 1.2 mm long, membranous, obscurely 1-nerved. Pods (slightly immature) narrowly oblong, 1-4 cm long, 5-8 mm wide, flat, shallowly sigmoid or shallowly curved to circinate (i.e. curved within the plane of the suture into a full, open circle), thinly coriaceous- crustaceous, glabrous, greyish, abruptly contracted at both ends; margins thickened, not or only slightly constrieted between seeds, yellowish. Seeds (slightly immature) oblique, obovoid, 3 mm long, 1 .5 mm wide, brown U-shaped, open, areole c. 0.5 mm long, 0.25 mm wide, funicle filiform and reflexed below the long-clavate aril that extends from 1/2 to wholly down one side of the seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 5 km N of Hyden-Norseman crossroad with Eorrestania-Southern Cross road, R. Buehrig 3 (PERTH); uncertain locality, A.J. Hart 3 (PERTH); 2 km SW of Lake Cronin, K.R. Newbey 5816 (PERTH); 6 km SE of Marvel Loch, K. Newbey 5817 (PERTH); South Tetley, Forrestania, A. O’Connor 453 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia in three disjunct populations - south-east of Marvel Loch, near Forrestania, and east of Lake King in the Frank Hann National Park. Habitat. Grows in well-drained loam or sandy loam in eucalypt low woodland. The type was collected near a salt lake. Phenology. Flowering commences around early August but because of the few collections it is not known when it ends. Specimens with mature pods have been collected in early December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Greek prefix a- (without) and the Latin sepalum (a sepal), refers to the absence of sepals. Affinities. The new species is superficially very similar to A. calcarata Maiden & Blakely in so far as both possess thiekly acicular, 5-nervcd phyllodes and globular heads. Acacia ccdcarata can be readily distinguished by its spinescent stipules 1.5-3 mm long, peduncles 3.5-7 mm long, heads 16-22- flowered, bracteoles and calyx present and pods blackish and about 1 cm wide. In phyllode form A. asepala also superficially resembles A. colletioides A. Cunn. ex Benth., but in that species the B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 323 phyllodes are 8-nerved, the sepals are present and free, the pods coiled and the seeds have a conspicuous orange aril. Notes. The new species is highly unusual in that the flowers lack a calyx and are not subtended by a bracteole. Asepalous flowers are very rare in Acacia. Besides A. asepala I know of only A. huegelii Benth. and A. forrestiana E. Fritz, (closely related to each other but not to A. asepala), although in A. blaxellii Maslin (see below) the calyx is sometimes absent and in A. intricata S. Moore it is either absent or reduced to a single linear sepal. Normally in Acacia the bracteoles protect the developing flower buds. In A. asepala, however, this role is assumed by the rather large basal peduncular bract. Other species of sect. Phyllodineae in which bracts functionally replace bracteoles include A. castanostegia, A. flagellifonnis A.B. Court, A. pachypoda Maslin and A. squamata Lindley. Acacia ataxiphylla Benth., Linnaea 26: 605 (1855). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond 4:6 {lecto: K - left hand specimen on sheet stamped Herbarium Benthamianum, here selected); isolecto: BM, FI, G, K, MEL, NSW, OXF, P, PERTH 00741493, TCD). Spreading, intricate, serni-prostrate, open shrub to 0.3 m tall and 0.5 m wide. Branches slightly flexuose, terete but apically slightly to prominently flattened and acutely angled, hairy or glabrous. Stipules narrowly triangular, 2-3 mm long, not pungent although sometimes rigid. Phyllodes continuous with branch but not produced into a cauline wing, narrowly linear, 15-60 mm long, 1- 2 mm wide, predominently shallowly curved to shallowly sigmoid, occasionally straight or serpentinous, the apices pungent (sharply or coarsely) and slightly to prominently hooked or sometimes almost circi nate, compressed; nerves 5 ; midrib obvious on each face, lower margin 1 -nerved, upper margin thick, 2-nerved and 0.5-0.6 mm wide. Peduncles solitary, 4-12 mm long (rarely to 18 mm). Heads globular to slightly obloid, 15-20-fIowered; bracteoles 1-2.5 mm long, acuminate, sessile, brown. Flowers 5-merous; sepals jornsd on their lower 1/3-1/2, brown, acuminate; petals 2- 3 mm long, with or without a pronounced midrib, variably striate. Pods immature (seen only for subsp. ataxiphylla), narrowly oblong, to 20 mm long and 4 mm wide, curved, longitudinally striate, reddish brown. Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from north of Kojonup south to Albany (subsp. ataxiphylla) and near Tammin (subsp. magna). Typification. There are two sheets olA. ataxiphylla aiWcxh. Kew, one stamped Herbarium Benthamianum (and labelled: ‘Acacia 6 (4th. colln.) Swan River. Drummond’) and the other stamped Herbarium Hookerianum (and labelled: ‘6 Drummond’ and ‘Sw. riv. to K.G.S. Drummond ann. 1 848.’). Although Bentham annotated both sheets as A. ataxiphylla, the specimens show some variation in indumentum density which leads me to bel ievc that they may have been gathered from different plants. The lectotype here selected is the left hand specimen on the Herb. Bentham. sheet. The remaining Kew specimens are regarded as isotypes, as are the specimens of Drummond no. 6 which I have seen at BM, FI, G, K, MEL, NS W, OXF, P, PERTH and TCD. Discussion. Two subspecies are recognized but future studies may show that these would be better treated as distinct species. 324 Nuytsia Vol, 12, No. 3 (1999) Key to subspecies of Acacia ataxiphylla Heads c. 5 mm diam. (when dry); peduncles c. 0.4 mm diam., commonly 8-12 mm long; branchlets pubcrulous or glabrous (summer flowering) subsp. ataxiphylla Heads 7-9 mm diam. (when dry); peduncles 0.7-0. 8 mm diam., 4-7 mm long; branchlets apically tomentose (winter flowering) subsp. magna Acacia ataxiphylla Benth. subsp. ataxiphylla Branchlets glabrous or sparsely antrorsely pubcrulous (hairs sparser, straighter and coarser than in subsp. magna). Phyllodes rather slender, mostly 20-35 mm long but ranging from 15-50 mm, 1-1.7 mm wide. Peduncles commonly 8-12 mm long but ranging from 6.5-1 8 mm, slender, c. 0.4 mm diam. (when dry), antrorsely pubcrulous. Headsc. 5 mmdiam. (when dry), 15-20-flowered; bracteoles 1-1.5 mm long, acute, rusty brown. Calyx 1/3-1/2 length of corolla; petals c. 2 mm long; midrib normally thick and prominent at petal apices; lateral veins (when present) few, slightly thickened. Selected specimens examined. WE.STERN AUSTRALIA: near King George Sound [Albany], W.E. Blackall 1451 (PERTH); S side of Jingalup township, A.S. George 14988 (MEL, PERTH); 150 mile peg, Albany Highway (c. 10 km N of Kojonup], B.R. Maslin 2614 (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in south- west Western Australia with collections from an area within 30 km north and west of Kojonup. The record from the Albany area may not be precise. Habitat. Grows in clay-loam with some gravel in Eucalyptus wandoo woodland, and in white sand in Eucalyptus marginata woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from December, January and perhaps February. Immature pods have been collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Acacia ataxiphylla subsp. magna Maslin, subsp. nov. Ab Acacia subsp. ataxiphylla ramulis angulatis crassioribus tomentosis; phyllodiis crassioribus, longioribus(plerumque40-60mm longis);pedunculisbrevioribus(4-5 mm longis),crassis, tomentosis; calyce corollam acquanti vel parum breviore; petalis majoribus (2.5-3 mm longis), subtiliter striatis; differt. Typus: Tammin area [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 20 July 1980, R.J. Cranfield 1522a (holo: PERTH 00721638). Differs from the typical subspecies principally in the following ways. Branchlets coarser, more obviously acutely angled, apically moderately to den.sely tomentose (hairs .soft, curled, somewhat matted and appressed). Phyllodes rather coarse, mostly 40-60 mm long but interspersed with a few that are shorter (25-30 mm). 1.6—2 mm wide. Peduncles 4—7 mm long, ± obscured by stamens at anthesis, stout, 0.7— 0.8 mm diam. (when dry), tomentose. Heads 7—9 mm diam. (when dry), c. 20- flowered; bracteoles 2-2.5 mm long, dark brown, long-acuminate. Calyx 3/4 to fully the length of B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 325 corolla, dark brown, long-acuminatc; petals 2.5-3 mm long, extremely finely striate, lacking a central nerve. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, nearTammin [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: M.D. Crisp 6595 (CANB, PERTH, NSW); 1889, Miss [A.] Eaton s.n. (MEL, PERTH 0072 1654).P. Hu.s'.sey 12(PERTH);D. PapenfusDP666{PERTUy,R.D. /?oyce 8350 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, apparently restricted to the Tammin area. The only collection of subsp. magna possibly from outside this area is Alice Eaton’s locality, which is vaguely given as ‘between York and Southern Cross’ and encompasses the collection area for the other specimens. In the 1 890s, Alice Eaton resided at Youndegin (Erickson 1979) which is close to the collection area. Habitat. Grows in laterite, or sand over laterite, in low heath. Flowering period. Flowering recorded from June to August. Pods have not been collected. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Declared Rare. Etymology. The subspecific epithet refers to the characteristically large flower heads. Affinities. This subspecies may resemble some variants of A. stenoptera Benth. which is distinguished by its 4-merous llowers and non-acuminate bracteoles and calyx lobes. Discussion. In view of the differences noted in the diagnoses above and considering the difference in flowering periods and distributions, this new taxon may warrant specific rank. However, I have not seen it in the field, nor have I seen mature pods of cither subspecies, hence I consider subspecific rank more appropriate. Acacia aiironitens Lindley, Sketch Veg. Swan R. xv (1839). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, 1839,7. Drummond s.n. (lecto: CGE, here selected ; Ao/ecto.’ K); Swan River, Western Australia, Toward 4 1 {paralecto: CGE). This name was based on two collections, viz. Drummond s.n. (branchlets hairy) and Toward 41 (branchlets glabrous). Specimens with glabrous branchlets are infrequent in A. auronitens and current indications are that these variants do not warrant formal rank. The Drummond specimen with its hairy branchlets has therefore been selected as the lectotype because it typifies the normal condition in this species. Acacia barbinervis P>cn\.\\., London J. Bot. 1 : 326 ( 1 842). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, 1839, J. Drummond s.n. (holo: K - sheet stamped Herb. Benthamianum; iso: K - sheet stamped Herb. Hookerianum. PERTH 01 193007 - fragment ex K). Spreading, multi-stemmed shrub 0. 2-0.4 m tall. Branchlets yellow-ribbed, sometimes (subsp. barbinervis) acutely angled towards apex, glabrous or pubescent to puberulous, the hairs often minutely tubercle-based. .S?//?h/(?.v narrowly triangular to setaceous, 1.5-4. 5 mm long, inclined to erect, straight or shallowly recurved, scarious but thickened towards base, rather persi.stcnt, but commonly the distal portion breaking and only bases remaining at older nodes, reddish brown. Phyllodes linear 326 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) to narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 1 0-30 mm long, 1-2(2. 5) mm wide, l:w 6-22(28), rigid, erect to inclined, straight or shallowly incurved or shallowly recurved, flat but when very narrow appearing angular (especially in subsp. borealis) due to the pronounced, rai.sed nerves, glabrous or (especially when young) indumentum as on branchlets, green; nerves 5, prominent, 1 abaxial, 2 lateral (the midrib) - these prominently raised when dry and central (subsp. borealis) or situated near lower margin (subsp. barbinervis), 2 adaxial — extending wholly from base to apex and together forming a prominent nerve-like upper margin); minor secondary nerves usually not apparent; apex obliquely narrowed to a straight, rigid, subulate cusp 0.5-2 mm long, the cusp yellow (when young), ageing brown;/Ji!MS' present or absent. G/antf absent or (subsp. /jorea/w) situated on flattened upper margin of phyllode 2-12 mm above base, circular or sometimes oblong, 0.3-0.6 mm long; central orifice shallow; lip sometimes raised. Inflorescences simple or extremely reduced I -headed racemes; axis less than 0.5 mm long, 1 (2) per node; peduncles 5-14 mm long, glabrous or indumentum as on branchlets; basal bract persistent, solitary, 0.5- 1 mm long, oblong to triangular, very shallowly concave, gradually or abruptly acute, apically ciliolate, rather obscurely 1 -nerved. Heads globular, golden or creamy yellow, 12-22-flowered, flowers densely or subdensely arranged; bracteoles 1.5-3 .5 mm long; claw minute; lamina slightly inflexed, prominently acuminate (exserted in buds). Flowers 5-merous; unexpanded buds apiculatc or rounded-obtuse; calyx 1/4- 1/2 length of corolla, gamosepalous, dissected for 1/4-1/2 its length into triangular, non-thickened lobes; calyx tube brown, nerveless or obscurely 5-nerved when dry ; petals 2-2.5 mm long, striate but often obscurely so, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Pods terete to subterete, scarcely constricted between seeds, but occasional random, moderately deep constrictions occur, arcuate, to 7 cm long, c. 4 mm wide, coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, red- brown, glabrous or minutely puberulous, tapering towards base and rather abruptly narrowed at apex, prominently longitudinally nerved; nerves openly anastomosing; marginal nerves not thickened. Seeds (subsp. borealis) longitudinal and facing apex of pod, obloid, 5.5-6 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, turgid, medium brown, dull; pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end, bordered by a diffuse band of yellowish tissue(atlea,st when almostmature);areo/t' 3 X 1 mm;/M/t(c/e filiform, 1 mm long, light brown when dry, abruptly expanded into a thick, conical, yellowish aril. Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from near Eneabba south to Waroona. Ajfinities. Closely related to A. costata Benth. which is distinguished by its narrowly lanceolate, normally shorter phyllodes (6-15 mm long). Two subspecies are recognized. Key to subspecies of Acacia barbinervis Some or all phyllodes shallowly recurved; branchlets acutely angled towards tip; heads golden Phyllodes straight to shallowly incurved; branchlets scarcely angled; heads creamy yellow Acacia barbinervis Benth. subsp. barbinervis Branchlets acutely angled at apex; indumentum of spreading, straight to slightly crisped hairs, confined to ribs. Stipules 1 .5-3 mm long, inclined to ascending, straight or shallowly recurved. Phyllodes inclined to ascending, mostly shallowly recurved (curving uniformly throughout or only the upper 1/3), sometimes a few straight or sigmoid, flat, with a nerve-like upper margin; midrib near lower margin; cusp l-2mm long; absent. G/anr/ normally absent. Peduncles 5-9 mmlong. Heads golden. Flower buds apiculate; calyx cupular, 1/4-1/3 length of corolla, shallowly dissected for c. 1/4 its length into broadly triangular lobes. subsp. barbinervis subsp. borealis B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 327 Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: John Forrest National Park, P. Armstrong 84/318(PERTH);8kmNEorCooluponroadtoDwellingup, l6June 1980,/?./ Cranfields.n. (PERTH 00454435); Waroona, L Diels & E. Pritzel 1 54 (PERTH); 3 miles [4.8 km] E of North Bannister on road to Wandering, A. S. George 10615 (PERTH); Kalamunda plateau./?. & M. Hamilton 90 {BRl, MEL, PERTH); Lake Leschenaultia, D.P. Johnson LL017 (PERTH); Wooroloo, Darling Range, M. Koch 1894 (PERTH); E of Bullsbrook East, B.R. Maslin 4801 (CANB, K, PERTH); Julimar Rd, Toodyay, 5 Jan. 1992, P.A. Phillips s.ii. (PERTH 02116227); Helena Valley, 7. Seabrook 523 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, scattered but locally common in the Darling Range from near Bindoon and Toodyay south to Waroona. Habitat. Grows in lateritic soils in Jarrah-Marri woodland and forest. Phenology. The main IJowering flush is December-February, but specimens collected in June bear a few flowers; mature pods have been collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Acacia barbinervis subsp. borealis Maslin, sp. nov. Ab Acacia subsp. barbinerx’i ramulis ad apices vix angulatis, indumenta ubi praesenti non ad costas limitato; stipulis longioribus (2-4.5 mm longis); phyllodiis plerumque rectis, costa ± mediana, mucronebrcviore (0.5-1 mm tango), pulvino 0.5-1 mm longo.glande praesenti; pedunculis ad 14mm longis; floribus cremeis; calycis lobis anguste triangularibus, differt. Typus: near Victoria location 10212, 22 km north of Eneabba, Western Australia, 2 January 1979, E.A. Grijfin 1802 (holo: PERTH 00179515). Branchlets scarcely angled; hairs of indumentum not confined to ribs, spreading to antrorse and variably crisped. Stipules 2-4.5 mm long, ascending to erect, straight. Phyllodes 10-30 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, sometimes very shallowly recurved at apex, flat with a nerve-like upper margin but appearing angular in section when narrow due to pronounced nerves; midrib ± central; cusp 0.5-1 mm long; pulvinus not prominent, 0.5-1 mm long, yellow to light brown when dry . Gland 2- 12 mm above base. Peduncles 6-1 4 mm long. Heads creamy yellow. Flower buds rounded-obtuse; calyx narrowly turbinate, c. 1/2 length of corolla, somewhat variably dissected for c. 1/2 its length into narrowly triangular lobes. Selected specimens e.Kuinined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 1.5 miles [2.5 km] SSW of Yeal Swamp, Wanneroo Forest Re.scrve, Y. Cliadwick2521 {PERTH);7.5 kmEofRo.se Thompson RdalongCoorow- Greenhead road, Alexander Morrison National Park, R.J. Cranfield & P.J. Spencer 8008 (PERTH); Perry Rd, N of Gnangara. J. Dodd2 \ (PERTH); Moore River National Park, 7. Dodd 45 (PERTH); Hill River, Jan. 1931, C.A. Gardner s.n. (CANB, MEL, PERTH 01 79485); 8 km S of Eneabba, E.A. Griffin 796 ( K, PERTH); Clover Rd, Wanneroo-Y anchep, 7. Havel 2 1 5 (PERTH); Moore Ri ver bridge, 7. Havel 259 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia in coastal or near-coastal areas from Wanneroo (Yeal Swamp) north to the Eneabba area. 328 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in sand and sometimes gravel in open heath and low Banksia woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from November to February; mature pods collected in November and March. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The subspecific epithet, the Latin borealis (northern), refers to the distribution compared to that of the typical subspecies. Affinities. The phyllodes of subsp. borealis resemble those of A. laricina but they are not continuous with the branchlets as in the latter; also its petals are striate, whereas A. laricina has smooth petals. Superficially this subspecies resembles the variant of auronitens with quadrangular 4-nerved phyllodes, thickly crustaceous to woody pods and smaller, mottled seeds. Acacia blaxellii Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 1 .2 m altus. Ramuli teretes, obscure costati, tomentulosi vel puberuli. Stipulae caducae, c. 1 mmlongae. Phyllodiaangusteoblongaadoblongo-elliptica,obtusa,plerumque 10-20 mm longa, 3-5 mm lata, lacvia, glabra vel parum pubcscentia, costa non prominent!; glans obscura, proxime supra pulvinam inscrta. Pedunculi binali, plerumque 10-22 mm longi, glabri; capitulum floribus 17-31. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, glabra. Petala enervia. Legumen undulatum vel circinatum vel sigmoideum, ad 20 mm longum, 3.5 mm latum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia ad transverse obliqua, ovoidea, 2-2.2 mm longa, parum nitentia; arillus anguste clavatus. Typus: 106 km south of Queen Victoria Rock on the road to Hyden, Western Australia, 22 September 1983, B.R. Ma-din 5418 (/zo/o.- PERTH 00171778; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW). Spreading shrub, dense to mid-dense, rounded to obconic, 0. 3-1.2 m tall, to 1.5 m across, multi- stemmed or branchingjust above ground level, /iark slightly rough, grey. Branchletstereie, obscurely ribbed, tomentulose to densely puberulous (hairs patent to ± appressed), marked by persistent raised leaf bases where phyllodes have fallen. New shoots initiated at anthesis, arising in axil of peduncle, the stems densely puberulous to tomentulose with .silvery white hairs, the phyllodes either glabrous to subglabrous and (at least at initiation) dull purple-red and faintly pruinose, or with adense, appressed silvery white indumentum. Stipules triangular to narrowly triangular, c. 1 mm long, scarious, caducous. Phyllodes narrowly oblong to oblong-elliptic or slightly oblanceolate, 10-20 mm long, rarely a few 25-28 mm, 3-5 mm wide, l:w (3)4-6, slightly thick and lleshy, smooth, ascending to erect, straight, glabrous or (when new shoots are hairy) the terminal ones with sparse to moderate fine appressed hairs, light green to dark green when mature; stomata minute, numerous (observe at xlO mag.); midrib not prominent (not or only slightly raised when dry), central or slightly excentric; lateral nerves absent or very obscure; apex ± obtuse, with a minute, brown mucro; pulvinus terete, c. 1 mm long, densely puberulous to tomentulose with hairs sometimes restricted to adaxial surface. Gland not prominent, on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of pulvinus, narrowly oblong, sometimes circular, (0.3)0.4-0.6 mm long. Inflorescence a 2-headed raceme; axis less than 0.5 mm long; peduncles (7)10-22 mm long, glabrous, yellow to light green, light brownish when dry, recurved in fruit; basal peduncular bracts caducous, rostriform, c. 2 mm long, puberulous abaxially, dark brown. Heads globular, light- to mid-golden, 5-6 mm diam. at anthesis, 17-3 1-flowered; bracteoles few or absent, linear, c. 0.5 mm long. Flowers 5-merous; sepals free, linear to naiTOwly spathulate, 1/4-2/5 length B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 329 of petals, membranous, glabrous or subglabrous, sometimes absent; petals 1 .5-2 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pods to 20 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, variably undulate to circinate or irregularly sigmoid, thinly coriaceous, not constricted between seeds, glabrous, dark purplish brown and slightly pruinose, ageing dark brown; marginal nerve narrow. Seeds longitudinal to transversely oblique, ovoid, 2-2.2 mm long, 1 .2-1 .5 mm wide, somewhat compressed (0.8-0.9 mm thick), slightly shiny, dark grey- brown to black-, pleurog ram very obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole c. 0.3 mm long, 0.2 mm wide, funic le filiform, to c. 1 mm long; aril sublaterally attached to seed, narrowly clavate, 2/3-3/4 length of seed, white. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 159 km E of Hyden towards Norseman, D.F. S/aare//W75/48 (PERTH); 42.2 miles [67.8 km] WofKumarl towards Lake King,/?. CumminglSSl (PERTH); between Bremer Range and Lake King-Kumarl road, B.R. Maslin 543 1 (G, MO, PERTH); 1 06 km S of Queen Victoria Rock on road to Hyden, B.R. Maslin 55 1 6 (K, PERTH); c. 4 km N of Maggie Hay Hill, between Lake Johnston and Lake Hope, B.R. Maslin 55 1 8 (PERTH); 25 km ESE of Tadpole Lake, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newhey 5537 (AD, NY, PERTH); 4.8 km E of Graham Rock turnoff on Hyden-Ncwdegate road, M.H. Simmons 1327 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, largely confined to an area between Frank Hann National Park and McDermid Rock (c. 1 00 km west of Norseman). Also collected near Hyden (c. 1 50 km west of the principal collecting area) and nearNorseman (c. 90 km east of principal collecting area). Habitat. Grows in red-brown clay on flat land or in loam on low rocky hills, in mallee scrub or eucalypt woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to early October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. It is a pleasure to name this species in honour of its discoverer, Don Blaxell (formerly of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney). Don has made major contributions to Australian botany through his publications on orchids and eucalypts and his administrative role at Sydney. Affinities. Most closely allied to A. evenulosa (.see below) and A. saxatilis S. Moore. Some of the important characters shared by these three species include: phyllodes narrowly oblong to linear, short (to 4 cm), obtuse, inconspicuously mucronulate, midrib not prominent, lateral nerves absent or obscure; peduncles twinned on extremely reduced raceme axes, basal bracts rostriform, caducous; bracteoles few or absent; sepals free; aril narrowly clavate and sublaterally attached to seed. Acacia blaxellii is readily distinguished from 4. evenulosa and A. saxatilis by its densely puberulous to tomentulose branchlets (glabrous in 4. .saxatilis, hairs appressed, obscure and commonly confined to phyllode axils in 4. evenulosa) and its phyllodes which are frequently shorter with the gland situated at the distal end of the pulvinus (1-4 mm above the pulvinus in the other two species). Acacia saxatilis occurs to the north of both 4. blaxellii and 4. evenulosa. Acacia bracteolata Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus ad 0.6 m altus. Ramuli teretes, subtiliter costati, villosi ad tomentulosi, glabrescentes. Stipulac 3-4 mm longac, persistentes. Phyllodia parum asymmetrica, plerumque anguste elliptica ad 330 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) oblanceolata, obtusa vel subacuta, minute mucronata, 15-25 mm longa, 5-10 mm lata, recta, parce byssacea; costa non prominens; glans 2.5-5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Infloresccntia racemus reductus, ( 1 )2(3)-capitatu.s. Pedunculi 4-6 mm longi, pilosi; capitula floribus 19-25; bracteolae prominentes, exsertae, ovatae, acLiminatae, 1 .5-2 mm longae. parce pilosae. Flores 4-meri. Sepala unita, glabra. Petala glabra, encrvia. Legumen anguste oblongum, ad 6 cm longum, 6-7 mm latum, ± planum, chartaceum, subvelutinosum. Semina longitudinalia, oblongoideo-ellipsoidea, 3.5-4 mm longa, hebetia praeter marginem pleurogrami; arillus clavatus. Typus: Scaddan (Scaddan Rd, 1 1.2 km east of Esperance-Norseman highway). Western Australia, 2 July 1984, P. van der Moezel 373 {halo: PERTH 00345520; iso: K, MEL). Spreading shrub, moderately dense to moderately open, to 0.6 m tall and 1.2 m wide. Branchlets terete, very finely ribbed, ascending, sparingly divided, straight to slightly flexuose, villous to tomentulose, glabrous with age, dark red-brown. Stipules narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, (2)3-4(5) mm long, scarious, slightly thickened at base, hairy abaxially, glabrous with age, persistent. Phyllodes slightly asymmetric, the upper margin normally slightly more convex than the lower, usually narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, .sometimes elliptic, (13)15-25(30) mm long, (4)5-10 mm wide, l:w 2-4(5), coriaceous, slightly thickened, sometimes finely rugose when dry, mostly inclined to ascending, straight, sometimes slightly undulate or twisted, with sparse to moderate fine, weak, appressed hairs (i.e. cottony to cobwebby), sometimes glabrous with age, green; midrib ± central on each face of phyllode, not prominent (only very slightly rai.sed and the same colour as rest of lamina when dry), terminating before apical mucro, sometimes with an indistinct longitudinal nerve arising from adaxial side of midrib in region of pulvinus and terminating about middle of phyllode; lateral nerves obscure, diverging from midrib at c. 45°, anastomosing; marginal nerves not thickened, yellowish to light brown; apex obtuse or sometimes subacute, excentrically mucronulatc, the mucro minute (c. 0.5 mm long), slightly pungent, straight or occasionally slightly hooked; pulvinus 1-2 mm long, yellowish to brown, finely transversely wrinkled, glabrous to moderately tomentulose. Gland not prominent, on upper margin of phyllode 2.5-5 mm above pulvinus, circular or oblong, 0.3-0.5 mm long, yellowish to dark brown when dry, lip not raised. Inflorescence shorter than phyllodes, an extremely reduced ( 1 )2(3)-headed raceme; axis less than 0.5 mm long, sometimes growing out after ilovjQung, peduncles A-(y mm long (sometimes to 9 mm in fruit), antrorscly hairy, mostly recurved when in fruit; basal peduncular bracts solitary, ovate, acute to subacute, 2-3 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, concave, sessile, hairy abaxially, brown, persistent. Heads globular to very slightly obloid, 4. 5- 5.5 mm diam. (dry), 7 mm diam (fresh) , bright lemon-yellow, 1 9-25-flowered; hracteoles prominent, exserted in bud, minutely stipitate; lamina ovate, acuminate (point straight or slightly recurved), 1.5-2 mm long, shallowly concave, brown, sparsely hairy abaxially especially at apex, faintly 1-nerved. Flowers 4-merous; calyx gamosepalous, 1/2 length of corolla, dissected for 1/4-1/3 its length into broadly triangular, non-ihickened lobes; calyx tube nerveless, glabrous to subglabrous; petals 1.8-2 mm long, elliptic to obovate, connate for c. 1/2 their length but readily splitting to base upon dissection, glabrous, not obviously nerved, obtuse to bluntly acute. Pods narrowly oblong, to 6 cm long, 6-7 mm wide, with up to 1 0 seeds, flat but rounded over seeds, scarcely constricted although very occasional random deep constrictions occur, firmly chartaceous, distinctly arcuate, not reticulate, subvelutinous, abruptly constricted at both ends, greyish brown; stipe thick, c. 0.5 mm long; marginal nerve slightly thickened, yellow or light brown. Seeds longitudinal, facing apex ol pod. obloid-ellipsoid but oblic[uely truncate along edge adjacent to aril, 3.5-4 mm long, 2. 5- 2. 8 mm wide, somewhat compressed (1.5 mm thick), dull except a narrow band of glossy tissue bordering pleurogram, black; pleurograin U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole c. 1 .5 x 1 mm-Junicle filiform, c. 1 mm long, reflexed below and expanded into a relatively large, cream, clavate aril which extends 1/2 way down one side of seed. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 331 Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 51 miles [c. 82 km] S of Nanambinia Station, S of Balladonia, T.E.H. Aplin 25^5 (PERTH); between Mt Ragged and [Queen] Victoria Spring, 1886, MissS. Brookes. n. (PERTH 001 69897); ScaddanRd. 1 1 .2 km from Coolgardie-Esperance road turnoff, G. Craig 1473&f’. van rfer/Woeze/ (PERTH); Junana Rock, 10 km NofMt Ragged on Balladonia track. Cape Arid National Park, D. Edinger 205 (MEL, PERTH); Pine Hill, A.S. George 16110 (PERTH); Parmango Rd adjacent to Clyde Hill, B.R. Maslin 5830 (CANB, PERTH); 50 km W of Grass Patch, K. Newbey 9683 (PERTH); c. 100 km S of Balladonia, P. Wilson 2877 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, confined to an area from c. 50 km west of Grass Patch east to Pine Hill at the north end of Cape Arid National Park and c. 50 km north towards Balladonia. Habitat. Sand over clay or calcareous (infrequently granitic) loam on flat plains or in shallow depressions (sometimes near salt lakes) in mallee woodland or shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. From the Latin bracteolatus (bracteolate), in reference to the prominently exserted bracteoles of the flower head. Affinities. Problematic. Superficially resembles A. merrallii F. Muell. which is similar in phyllode shape and size but differs significantly in its 5-merous Bowers with free sepals; semi-terete, commonly coiled pods 2-3 mm wide; conspicuous, bright orange aril; smaller, usually caducous stipules; and much shorter indumentum. Acacia carnosula Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus 0.5-1. 5 m altus. Ramuli teretes, obscure costati, glabri. Stipulae inconspicuae. Phyllodia obovata ad oblanceolata, ± recta, obtusa, non mucronata, 5-10 mm longa, 1-2.5 mm lata, crassa, glabra, costa i mmersa; glans 2-4.5 mm supra pul vinam inserta. InBorescentiaracemus reductus, l(2)-capitatus. Pedunculi 4-6 mm longi, glabri; capitula Boribus 9-11. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, fimbriolata. Pctala glabra, enervia. Legumen lineare, ad 4 cm longa, 2. 5-3. 5 mm latum, chartaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia. Typus: 19.6 km south of Caiguna on Baxter Memorial track. Western Australia, 27 August 1983, M.J. Fitzgerald B68 {holo: PERTH 00199664; iso: CANB, K). Spreading shrub, domed or ± straggly, much branched, 0.5-1. 5 m tall, to 3.5 m wide; stems 10-15 mm diam. at base. Branchlets terete, obscurely nerved, glabrous, roughened by bark breaking into irregular or ± rectangular flakes. Stipules inconspicuous. Phyllodes obovate to oblanceolate with almost straightedges, obtuse, ± without mucro, 5-10 mm long, 1-2.5 mm wide, l;w 3-6.5, flat, thick, subfleshy, finely longitudinally rugose when dry, ascending to erect, a few inclined, straight to very shallowly incurved, glabrous, green; midrib submerged, not or scarcely observable when dry (drying same colour as rest of lamina), usually slightly excentric being situated towards upper margin; nerve on abaxial margin distinct (xlO mag.), drying brownish; adaxial nerve submerged, superficially absent 332 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) except sometimes near phyllode apex where it resembles the abaxial nerve; lateral nerves superficially absent; pulvinus terete, 0.4-0.7 mm long, drying brownish and very slightly rugose. Gland situated 1/3-2/3 along upper margin of phyllode 2-4.5 mm above pulvinus, not prominent, circular to shortly oblong, 0.2-0. 3 mm long, 0. 1-0.2 mm wide. Inflorescence an extremely reduced raceme; axis c. 0. 1 mm long;/retfMHc/(?5 1 or2pernode,4-6(8)mm long, glabrous, recurved in fruit; /jractsolitary, persistent, cymbiform-cucullate(concave, slightly curved, obtuse to subacute, sometimes cleft, sessile), 0.5-1 mm long, minutely white-fimbriolate, otherwise glabrous, dark brown. Heads globular, light golden, 3-3.5 mm diam. (dry), 9-1 1 -flowered; bracteoles peltate; claw linear, 0. 1-0.2 mm long, lamina ± circular, c. 0.5 mm diam., whitc-fimbriolate, brown. Flowers 5-tnerous; sepals c. 1/3 length of petals, free, broadly spathulate; claw c. 0.2 mm long, lamina shallowly concave, c. 0.4 mm long, slightly thickened abaxially, acute to subacute, white-fimbriolate; petals 1 .5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod (only dchi,sced valves seen) linear, to 4 cm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, chartaceous, not or scarcely constricted between seeds, flat but slightly raised over seeds, dehiscing along length of one suture with the split valves commonly remaining attached along opposite suture, glabrous, dark red-brown, the seemingly vernicose marginal nerve very narrow. Seeds {very immature, one seen) longitudinal. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 19.6 km S of Caiguna on Baxter Memorial track, M.J. Fitzgerald B4 (PERTH), B26. B32, B57, B66 and B69 (all PERTH), B89 (BM, CANB, G, PERTH) and B99 (CANB, PERTH); 9 km S of Cocklcbiddy, A.S. George 1 1 838 (AD, BRI, PERTH); 36 km SE of Mt Ragged [near Israelite Bay], A.S. George 16027 (PERTH); 12 km NNW of Eyre, S.D. Hopper 3011 (K, MEL, PERTH); 25 km SSE of Cocklebiddy towards Eyre, G.J. Keighery 7570 (MO, PERTH); Twilight Cove, 9 Aug. 1982, y\. Tapper s.n. (PERTH 00704822); Cocklebiddy Bird Sanctuary, 15 Aug. 1982, /I. Tapper s.n. (PERTH 00177148). Distribution. Occurs in the south-east of Western Australia, confined to theCaiguna-Eyre-Cocklebiddy area except one collection from near Israelite Bay, c. 200 km south-west of Caiguna. Habitat. Grows in calcareous sand, loamy sand or clay-loam over limestone pavement at shallow depth, in open shrub or tree mallee. Flowering period. Flowering recorded from July to October. Fruiting period not known. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. Specific epithet trom the Latin carnosus (fleshy) with the diminutive adjectival suffix -ulus, in reference to the phyllodes. Affinities. The 3-nerved phyllodes are similar to those of A. profusa (sec below), though shorter, wider, and rounded at the apex; A. carnosula also has peduncular bracteoles and longitudinal seeds. Acacia castanostegia Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex compactus, intricatus, glaber, normaliter ad 0.5 m altus. Stipulae caducae. in surculis valde juvenilibus tan turn obviae, spathulatae, ad 5 mm longi; lamina elliptica, c. 2 mm longa; unguis linearis. Phyllodia linearia, quadrangularia (in sicco quidem), quadrinervia, 1 1-29 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, rigida, normaliter recta, pungentia, pul vino nullo. Inflorescentiaraccmus 1- vel 2-capitatus; alabastra bracteis conspicuis, imbricatis, atrobrunneis inclusa. Florum capitula globularia, cremea, 6-8-llora; B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 333 bracteolae nullae. Flores 5-meri, Sepala libera vei 2 pro I/4-1/2 longitudunis unita. Petala elliptica, 2-2.5 mm longa, 1.3-1. 5 mm lala. Legumen lineare, ad 6 cm longum, 3.5 mm latum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea ad ellipsoidea, 3-3.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata, ± nitentia, atro-brunnea Typus: 18 km north ol Mt Holland, c. 92 km south-south-east of Southern Cross, Western Australia, 23 August 1979, K. Newhey 5820 (holo: PERTH 00743631; iso: CANB, G, K, MEL, NY, PERTH 00743658, 00743666, 00743674 and 00908975). Harsh, spreading shrub, moderately dense, much-branched, intricate, glabrous, normally to 0.5 m tall and 0.6 m wide but sometimes to 1 m tall and 1 .5 m wide. Bark light grey. New shoots initiated at anthesis from distal end of raceme axis, red with age. Branchlets apically with rather obvious yellow ribs and brownish to light green interstices, covered with a variably pronounced, white, exfoliating epidermis. Stipules present only on extremely young new shoots, falling by the time the inflorescence bracts have dropped, spathulate, to 5 mm long; lamina elliptic, c. 2 mm long; claw linear. Phyllodes linear, quadrangular (at least when dry), 1 1-29 mm long, 1-1 ,5 mm wide, l:w 1 1-30, rigid, subdistant, patent to slightly inclined, normally straight but sometimes very shallowly arcuate (either incurved or recurved), light greyish green, sometimes very slightly dilated at base, with a yellowish nerve along each angle, the adaxial nerve bifurcating in the region of the gland; apical cusp 1. 5-2.5 mm long, straight, rigid, dark brown; pulvinus absent. Gland on adaxial surface of phyllode at or to 1 mm above base, not prominent, circular, 0. 3-0.4 mm diam. Inflorescence usually a 1-headed raceme, very occasionally 2-headcd; axis 1-1.5 mm long, enclosed in bud by conspicuous, dark brown, scarious, very finely striate, imbricate, glabrous (margins fimbriate) bracts that decrease in size basipetally (the largest to c. 5 mm long) and are normally shed by anthesis; peduncles 3^.5 mm long at anthesis, 8-15 mm long in fruit. Heads globular, 4-5 mm diam. when dry, cream, 6-8-flowcrcd; bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 1/3 length of petals, free or occasionally 2 united for 1/4-1/2 their length, diaphanous, narrowly oblong; petals elliptic, 2-2.5 mm long. 1.3-1. 5 mm wide, very obscurely 1 -nerved. Pod terete to compressed, not or scarcely constricted between seeds, 3-8 cm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, pendulous, ihmiy coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, ± straight to shallowly curved, not reticulate, dark greyish brown (red when very young), abruptly narrowed at both ends, acute; margins not thickened; stipe terete, c. I mm long. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to obloid-ellipsoid, obliquely truncate along edge adjacent to aril, 3-3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, ± shiny, dark brown, sparingly mottled; pleurogram open towards hilum; areole c. 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide; anYclavate, c. 1/2 as long as seed, creamy while tinged brown (when dry). Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 1 .4 km W of Hyden-Norseman crossroads with Southern Cross-Forrestania road. R.M. Bueluig 93. 1 2. 1 0.7 (PERTH); Dundas Coach Rd-Heritage Trail, 6.3 km SSE of Norseman, G.F. Craig 2465 (PERTH); 6 miles [9.6 km] NNW of Mt Holland, A.S. George 9437 (BRI, NSW. PERTH); E of North Ironcap on Forrestama-Southern Cross road, y.W. G/-e£’/i5556(PERTH);31 km Eof Vermin Proof FenceNo. 1 onNorseman-Hydenroad.P.P. A/aj/in 3943 (PERTH); Forreslania area, 25 July 1979. R.F. Maslin s.n. (PERTH 00189960); Forrestania- Hatter Hill, 27 July 1979. R.F. Maslin s.n. (PERTH 00189979); South Ironcap, K. Newbey 5226 (PERTH); 6.5 km S of Lake Seabrook, c. 38 km NE of Southern Cross, K. Newbey 5860 (PERTH); 1 km W of Lake Cronin, c. 83 km E of Hyden, K. Newbey 6262 (PERTH). Distribution. (Jeeurs in the south-west of Western Australia, restricted along the eastern margin of the south-central wheatbclt, with scattered populations at Lake Seabrook (north of Southern Cross), south of Marvel Loch, between Mt Holland and Hatter Hill, west of Lake King and a population near Norseman. 334 Nuytsia Vol. 12, 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in well-drained sand, loam or laterite in eucalypt woodland, open scrub or heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to October; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin castaneus (chestnut brown) and the Greek stege (a shelter or cover), and refers to the very conspicuous brown bracts that completely enclose the young inflorescences. Affinities. Acacia castanostegia is most closely allied to pachypoda Maslin. Both species have pungent phyllodes, reduced racemes enclosed by conspicuous bracts when in bud, cream flower heads which lack bracteoles, and similar carpological features. Additionally, both species have the same, highly unusual stipule morphology. The principal distinguishing features between the two species are given in the key below. Phyllodes prominently dilated at base, terete, nerveless; racemes mostly 2- or 3-headed; petals narrowly linear (c. 0.2 mm wide); calyx cupular A. pachypoda Phyllodes not (or only very slightly) dilated at base, quadrangular, with a rather obvious nerve along crest of each angle; racemes mostly 1 -headed; petals elliptic ( 1 .3-1.5 mm wide); calyx of ± free, narrowly oblong sepals A. castanostegia Although both species occur in the wheatbelt-goldfields region of Western Australia in an area roughly bounded by Southern Cross, Coolgardic, Salmon Gums and Lake King, A. castanostegia is the more westerly distributed of the two. The most westerly known locality for A. pachypoda is the Frank Hann National Park (27 kin south of Tadpole Lake), which is about 30 km east of Hatter Hill. It is quite possible that future work in this relatively poorly collected region will show the two species to have overlapping ranges. Acacia concolorans Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex intricatus ad 0.4 m altus, 1-2 m latus. Rami et phyllodia mediocriter ad atro- viridia et variabiliter scabridula. Stipulae c. 2 mm longae, spinosae, basi incrassatae, persistentes. Phyllodia oblonga ad anguste oblonga, compressa sed crassa, 4—10 mm longa, 1.5—2 mm lata, versus apicem ramuli decrescentia, pungent ia; nervi 5, 2 in margine adaxiali interdum secus phyllodium coalescentes. Inflorescentia normaliter racemus valde reductus binatus, axe ad 0.5 mm longo. Pedunculi 1 .5-3 mm longi, fructiferi recurvi. Florum capitula globularia. in vivo 6 mm diametro. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera. Legumen anguste oblongum. ad 5 cm longuin, 4-5 mm latum, ptyxis variabilis (sigmoidea, reclinata. curvata vel ± circinata). Semina obliqua, subirregulariter ovoideo-ellipsoidea, 2.5-3 mm longa. 2 mm lata, compressa ( I mm crassa), atrobrunnea; funiculus filiformis, 2 mm longus; arillus albus, ± curvatus et clavatus et unilateraliter dimidiam usque totam longitudinem seminis attingens. Typus: north-east end ofParker Range, 47.5 km south-south-east of Southern Cross, Western Australia, 6 August 1983, B.R. Maslin 5353 (holo: PERTH 00745243; iso: CANB. G, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Sprawling, harsh, intricate shrub to 0.4 m tall and 1—2 m wide, with many slender, medium to dark green (sometimes tinged purplish) stems arising Ironi ground level. New shoots arising at distal end of minute laceme axis Irom axils ot peduncles, initiated at anthesis. Branchlets terete, finely nerved B.R, Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 335 (the nerves yellowish or light brown), slightly llexuose, very slightly viscid, variably scabridulous. Stipules spinescent, c. 2 mm long, thick (0. 6-0.7 mm diam.) and green at base, distally brown, widely spreading, straight, smooth or variably scabridulous, persistent. Phyllodes oblong to narrowly oblong, decreasing in size towards branchlet apex, 4-10 mm long (including cusp) and 1.5-2 mm wide at maturity, l:w 2.5-5. 5. distant, falling early from some nodes, patent to very slightly reflexed, straight, very rigid, compres.sed but thickened (i.e. an orthopachyphyllode, cf. Vassal & Maslin 1979), when dry, sometimes appearing quadrangular due to the pronounced midrib on each face; apex somewhat abruptly narrowed into a rigid, normally straight, brown cusp 1-1.5 mm long; netyes 5, yellowish or light brown; midrib central on each face (or sometimes slightly excentric), prominently raised when dry; abaxial margin with a single nerve; adaxial margin with 2 nerves which normally extend wholly from phyllode base to apical cusp (interstices between adaxial nerves Hat, 0.5-0. 8 mm wide) but sometimes the.se nerves coalescing about half-way along phyllode; .secondary nerves absent; indumentum and colour as on branchlels; pidvinus not apparent. Gland not prominent, on adaxial margin of phyllode 1-2 mm above base, circular, 0.3-0.4 mm diam., with a shallow central depression. Inflorescence an extremely reduced 2( rarely 1 )-headed raceme; axis < 0.5 mm long, frequently with anew shoot arising at its distal end in axil of peduncle; Dowering confined to extremities of branchlets; peduncles 1 .5-.3 mm long, glabrous; basal peduncular bract aoUtary , c. 1.5 mm long, sessile, concave, curved, dark brown, minutely ciliolate, otherwise glabrous, usually falling early. Heads globular, 6 mm diam, when fresh, 3-4 mm diam. when dry, mid-golden, 7-8-nowered; bracteoles oblong to narrowly oblong, c. 0.5 mm long, inDexed at apex, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 1/4-I/3 length of corolla; sepals free, narrowly oblong to narrowly spathulate, brown in upper half, yellowish in lower half, minutely fimbriate, especially in upper half, apically shallowly concave-, petals 1.5- 1.7 mm long, elliptic, free, glabrous, sometimes apically brownish, very obscurely 1 -nerved but normally superficially nerveless. Gynoecium sessile. Pud narrowly oblong, compressed, very slightly raised over seeds, rarely constricted between, to 5 cm long (expanded length), 4-5 mm wide, declinate due to recurved fruiting peduncle, thinly coriaceous to somewhat crustaceous. ptyxis variable (sigmoid, reclinate, curved or ± circinatc), not reticulate, glabrous, greyish dark brown, rather abruptly narrowed at both ends, mucronulate; basal stipe minute; margins slightly thickened. Seeds oblique with aril facing adaxial margin and directed towards apex of pod, slightly irregularly ovoid-ellipsoid, obliquely narrowed at hilar end, 2.5-3 mm long, 2 mm wide, compressed (I mm thick), somewhat shiny, dark brown; pleurogram very obscure, shal lowly U-shaped, open at hilarend; areole 0.2-0. 3 mm long, 0.3 mm wide; /»n/c/e’filiform,c. 2mmlong.renexed below and expanded into a rather conspicuous, ±curved,clavate, white aril which extends Irom hall to wholly down one side ot seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 0.5 miles [0.8 km J W of Marvel Loch town centre, R.J. Gumming 2396 (BM, PERTH); Parker Range. A. 5. George94S4 (CANB, PERTH); NEend of F^arker Range, 47.5 km due SSE of Southern Cross, B.R. Maslin 5354 (AD, BRI, PERTH); about 1 km W of Marvel Loch on the road to Southern Cross. B.R. Maslin 5355 (PERTH, TLE); I km from Marvel I.och on road to Southern Cross, B.R. Maslin 5510 (PERTH); Karlgann, 16 km by road SW of Hyden, B.R. Maslin 5773 (MEXU, PER'l’H); c. 500 m SW ofParker Range Tank. 50.5 km SEof Southern Cross, F. & M. Mollemans 2864 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in tlie south-west of Western Australia, known only from a small area south of Southern Cross from near Marvel Loch to the Parker Range with a single collection from Karlgarin (c. 135 km south-west of Marvel Loch). Habitat. Grows in rocky clay or loam in eucalypt woodland or mallee shrubland. Up to half the specimens collected occur in disturbed areas such as a road verge, cleared area or an old digging. 336 Nuyt.sia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to September; mature pods collected in late December. Consen’ation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specific epithet (Latin concolorans. of uniform colour) is in allusion to the branchlets and phyllodes which are of the same green colour. Affinities. Acacia concolorans is readily recognized by a combination of its harsh, intricate, low habit, its spmescent stipules that are prominently thickened at the base, its small, patent, thick, 5-nerved, pungent phyllodes which are the same colour as the branchlets, its small heads on short peduncles, and its relatively small pods that are declinatc due to curvature of the fruiting peduncles. The new species appears to be most closely related to the more easterly distributed A. inamabilis E. Pritz. on account of its pungent stipules and its pungent, 5-nerved phyllodes which lack pulvini, but it is readily distinguished by its scabridulous branchlets, shorter phyllodes and pods, its smaller fewer-flowered heads and its free sepals. Acacia inamabilis has glabrous branchlets, phyllodes 15-45 mm long, pods to 8.5 cm long, heads with c. 25 flowers, and a gamosepalous calyx; it is distributed from near Norseman east to the Fraser Range and south-east to Peak Charles. Acacia acutata W . Fitzg. bears a superficial resemblance to A. concolorans in its striate branchlets, its small, patent, pungent, 5-nerved phyllodes and its small heads on short peduncles, but Fitzgerald’s species is readily distinguished by its caducous stipules. Acacia acutata is widespread in the Western Australian wheatbell and adjacent goldfield regions and has been recorded from about 30 km north of Parker Range (the type locality lor A. concolorans). The new species is distantly related to A. hystrix (see below for discussion). Acacia congesta Benth., London J. Hot. I: 327 (1842), Type: Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond s.n. ( holo: K - Herb. Bentham. sheet annotated ‘with [Drummond] 161’; iso: K- Herb. Hooker, sheet). Acacia collinaE. Pritz., Bot. Jalirh. Syst. 35: 291 ( 1904), sy non. nov. Type.- east of Mogumber, Western Australia, 31 August 1901, T. Diels 4043 (iso: PERTH 00745197 - fragment ex B). Intricate, spreading 0.5-2. 5 m tall. /larA' dark grey. Sraiic/z/eti glabrous or hairy, with a grey- white epidermis, fissuied with age. Stipules spinose, sometimes only the hardened bases persisting. Phyllodes variable, dimidiate, pungent, 5-30 mm long, 3-7 mm wide, glabrous or hairy, dark green; abaxial maigin ± stiaight; adaxial margin shallowly or markedly convex; wiV////; prominent, normally situated towaids lowci margin, latei al nerves obscure or pronounced. Inflorescences simple or in short terminal or axillary racemes; peduncles 5-20 mm long, glabrous or hairy, bract sometimes above middle. Heads globular to obloid, golden, 30-70-nowercd. Flowers 5-merous; sepals free; petals nerveless. Pod moniliform or submoniliform, to 6 cm long, 4-5 mm wide, thinly conaceous- crustaccous to firmly chartaceous, curved to openly once-coiled, glabrous, brown to yellow. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to ovoid or ellipsoid. 3-5 mm long, dark brown, commonly minutely rugulose at centre, arillatc. Distribution. Discontinuous in the south-west ol Western Australia from near Geraldton south to Mogumber and Wongan Hills. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 337 Affinities. A variable species, especially with respect to phyllode shape, size and indumentum, and inflorescence morphology. The circumscription of A. congesta is here amended by including A. cliftoniana as a subspecies and removing two elements as the new species A. cuneifoLia and A. puncticulata (see below). Acacia aculeiformis (see above) is seemingly related to this group and A. lullfitzioruin (see below) is sometimes confused with A. congesta. Sometimes similar to A. iclioinorpha A. Cunn. ex Benth. which has more undulate phyllodes with a convex abaxial margin, united sepals, uni-nerved petals, and densely pilose to villous undulate pods. Similar to A. paradoxa R. Br. which has innocuous phyllodes and more prominent stipules. Three subspecies are recognized. Key to subspecies of Acacia congesta 1 Phyllodes 10-30 mm long, (glabrous or margins and midrib sparsely hirsutellous; heads 35-65- flowered, on axillary peduncles or in racemes) subsp. congesta 1. Phyllodes 5-10 long 2 Phyllodes glabrous, sometimes margins sparsely hairy; heads 50-70-flowcred, racemosely arranged subsp. wonganensis 2. Phyllodes hairy (hairs not restricted to margins or midrib); heads 30— 40-nowered, not in racemes subsp. cliftoniana Acacia congesta Benth. subsp. congesta Shrub 0.5-2.5 m tall. Branchlets glabrous or sparsely ± hirsutellous, the hairs patent to retrorsely appressed. Phyllodes \0-?>0 mm long, l:w = 2-5, glabrous ormargins and midribsparsely hirsutellous, slightly shiny; adaxial margin commonly slightly angled at the gland. Peduncles 5-20 mm long, 1 per axil or in short racemes, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Heads globular or obloid, 35-65-flowered. Pod 5 mm wide. Seeds A- 5 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: WhitePeak,NofGeraldton, A.M. Ashby 25 14 (BRI, PERTH); Swan River, ./. Drummond 293 (BM, G, K, OXF, P); Mogumber townsiteO.9 km at 1 00 degrees Bridge over Moore River, E.A. Griffin 6096 (PERTH); 1 .6 km NE of Nabawa, B.R. Maslin 719 (CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 14 km N of Moorathcnl km E of The Midlands Rd, B.R. Maslin 6121 (PERTH); 1 1 km N i'rom Miling on Great Northern Highway to Pithara, B.R. Maslin 6210 (PERTH); 24.5 km E of Mingenew on road to Moora, B.R. Maslin 6243 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in disjunct populations in the south-west of Western Australia from Northampton and Geraldton south-east to Mingenew and Morawa and south to Pithara, Moora and Mogumber. Habitat. Grows in red-brown loam and gravel on rocky hills, in scrub or heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to October; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. 338 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia congesta subsp. cliftoniana (W. Fitzg.) Maslin, comb, et stat. nov. Acacia cliftoniana W. Fitzg. , J. W. ustral. Nat. Hist. Sac. 1:10(1 904 ). Type: Arrino, Western Australia, September 1903, W.V. Fitzgerald s.n. (lecto: NSW 167229, fide B.R. Maslin & R.S. Cowan (1994c: 390); Holecto: NSW 167228, PERTH 00744735, 00744743 & 00744727). Shrub 0.5-1 m tall. Branchlets usually hirsulellous or shortly pilose, the hairs patent. Phyllodes 5- 10 mm long, I: w = 1 .2-2.5, hirsutcllous to hirtellous, ihe hairs not restricted to midribs and margins; lateral nerves commonly pronounced when dry. Peduncles 1-3 per axil, 5-12 mm long, hirsute- hirsutellous. //eary^ globular to shortly obloid, 30-40-nowered. Pod 4-5 mm wide. 5'cct/x 3 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: c. 13.8 km N of Three Springs towards Mingenew, R.J. Gumming 2157 (MELU, PERTH); c. 6.4 km S of Arrino on Geraldton Highway, y?.R. Maj/irt 734 (PERTH); 1 1 km N of Three Springs on The Midlands Rd, S.y?. Aya^/m 5488 (PERTH); Yandanooka, 14 Sept. 1904, A. Morrison x./i. (NSW, PERTH); 1 1 km N of Three Springs on The Midlands Rd, D. Papenfus DP 5 14 (PERTH). DHtribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from Yandanooka south to near Three Springs. Habitat. Grows on rocky or latcritic loam in mallee woodland with open scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Acacia congesta subsp. wonganensis Maslin, subsp. nov. Frutex I —2 m altus. Ramuli hirsutelli vel scabriduli. Phyllodia5— 9 mm, glabri vel marginibusparce ciliolatis. Inflorcscentia racemiformis. Pedunculi 5-7 mm longi, glabri vel parce hirsutelli. Capitula oblongoidea, floribus 50-70. Legumen 4 mm latum. Semina 3.5-4 mm longa. Typus: ‘Fowlers Gully’ in the Wongan Hills, Western Australia, 9 September 1975, B.R. Maslin 3807 {holo: PERTH 00106909; iso: CANS). Shrub 1-2 m tall. Branchlets hirsutcllous to scabridulous, the hairs reflexed. Phyllodes 5-9 mm long, 1. w = 1.5—3, glabrous or margins sometimes sparsely ciliolate. Peduncles 5— 7 mm long, arranged in short racemes, glabrous, infrequently sparsely hirsutellous. Heads obloid, 50-70-flowered. Pods 4 mm wide. Seeds 3.5-4 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Monk’s Well Gully, 1 .5 km E of Mt Rupert, Wongan Hills, K.F. Kenneally 5831 (PERTH); 12.8 km NW of Wongan Hills towards Piawaning! B.R. Maslin 1 637 (MEL. NSW, PERTH); the Wongan Hills, c. 1 2.5 km NW of Wongan Hills townsite] B.R. Maslin 4426 (PERTH); 1 1 .3 km NW of Wongan Hills on road to Piawamng, M D Tindale 2791 (PERTH). Distribution. Known only in and around the Wongan Hills, in the south-west of Western Au.stralia. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 339 Habitat. Grows in rocky or lalcritic clay or loam in malice communities. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in January. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the name of the Wongan Hills, with the Latin suffix -ensis indicating place of origin. Acacia cuneifolia Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex rectus 1.5-3 m altus. Ramuli terctes, non vel obscure costati, glabri ad pilosi. Stipulae spinescentes, 1-3 mm longae, caducae praelcr basem induralam. Phyllodia cuneata, dimidiata, acuta ad obtusa, 8-20 mm longa, 3-6 mm lata, coriacea, interdum fasciculata, glabra, costa tenui; glans 3-13 mrn supra pulvinam inserta. Inllorescentia racemus rcductus, capitulis 1-muitis, plerumque fasciculatis. Pedunculi 5-20 mm longi, glabri vel hirsutelli; capitula floribus 23-30. Flores 5-meri. Sepala unita, plerumque glabra. Pctala glabra, obscure I -nervosa. Legumen valde curvatum, inter seminaconstriclum, ad 5 cm longum,4.5-5.5 mm latum, coriaceum vel crustaccum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidca vel ellipsoidea, 4-5 mm longa, 1 .5-2 mm lata, hebeta vel aliquantum nitentia; arillus complicatus. Typus: Pony Hill, 1 8 km due south-west of York, Western Australia, 8 September 1987, B.R. Maslin 6176 {holo: PERTH 00865850; i.s'o: CANB, K). Erect shrub 1 .5-3 m tall, 2-7-branched atground level. Bark smooth, dark grey ; transverse lenticels prominent on main trunks anti branches. Branchlets terete, ribless or very obscurely ribbed, not spinescent, glabrous or hirtellous to hirsutellous or pilose (hairs short, straight, patent, commonly slightly coarse); epidermis grey-white, longitudinally fissured with age. Stipules not prominent, ± spinescent with age but usually brittle so that only the hardened base remains, forming tooth-like projections, 1-3 mm long, glabrous, brown, straight or recurved. Phyllodes variable in shape but commonly dimidiately cuneate, the lower margin ± straight, upper margin rounded or obtusely angled, (5)8-20(25) mm long, (2)3-6(8) mm wide, l:w ( 1 )2-3(4), thinly to moderately coriaceous, sometimes fasciculate (on extremely congested branchlets) at a few nodes, erect to gently recurved, slightly undulate, glabrous, rarely margins sparsely hirtellous, dark green (young growth bright green), slightly shiny; midrib fine but evident, ± central or situated towards lower margin; lateral nerves obscure; apex acute to obtuse; mucro cxccntric, 0,5-1 ( 1 .5) mm long, pungent or almost so, straight, slender, brown; pulvinustoc. 0.5 mm long. Gland on upper margin of phyllode3-13 mmabovcpulvinus; infrequently 2 glands present. Inflorescences complex, comprising reduced, 1-many-headed racemes initiated in axils of mature phyllodes, at initiation the heads commonly appearing in clusters of up to 6 or more, with maturity the raceme axis frequently growing out and simultaneously a phyllode developing at base of each peduncle, infrequently these phyllodes failing to develop; raceme axis subtended by 2 brown bracts; peduncles 5-20 mm long, glabrous or minutely hirtellous, cbracteate at base but a small triangular bract commonly present near or above middle. Heads globular to slightly obloid, yellow, 3. 5-4. 5 mm diam., 23-26- flowered; /tractc'w/e.v 0.6-0. 7 mm long, ± spathulate, sparsely and minutely hairy; claw linear; laminalongerthanclaw. triangular to ovate, acute to subacute, not exserted in mature buds. Flowers 5-merous; calyx gamoscpalous, I/4-1/3 length of corolla, dissected for I/4-1/3 its length into broadly triangular or oblong, rounded lobes, glabrous or sparsely hairy; petals 2-2.2 mm long (reconstituted), joined lor c. 2/3 their length, very obscurely 1 -nerved, glabrous; apical margin granulate. Pod strongly curved (± circular) to loo.sciy and slightly irregularly coiled, slightly raised 340 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) over seeds, slightly to deeply constricted between seeds, to 5 cm long, 4.5-5.5 mm wide, thinly coriaceous to slightly crustaccous, glabrous, light brown to yellow-brown. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to slightly ellipsoid, 4-5 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, 1 .5-2 mm thick, dull or slightly shiny, dark brown to blackish; pleurogram obscure, continuous or open at hilar end; areole 0.7- 1(1. 4) mm long, 0. 5-0.9 mm wide\ funicle lililorm, minute (0.5 mm long), gradually expanded into a thick, cream, folded aril situated at end of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Boyagin Rock Reserve, J.S. Beard ^124 (PERTH); Tarwonga Hill, V. Crowley 2 (PERTH); Boyagin Reserve, H. Demarz 10375 (PERTH); Boyagin Reserve, SW of Brookton, A.S. George 981 1 (PERTH); Boyagin Rock, A.^. George 10903 (BRI, PERTH); Boyagin Rock, B.B. Maslin 4857 & 6164 (PERTH); c. 8 km SSE of Beverley, 7 Sep. 1998, M. Golding s.n. (K, PERTH); Pony Hill, 18 kmdue SW of York, B.R. 6 178 (MEL, PERTH); Surrey Rd, 2 km SSE of Deefer Rd, c. 4 1 km due ESE of Lesmurdie, B.R. Maslin 6188 (G, K, PERTH)- Pony Hill, L. Talbot B (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known from disjunct localities at Pony Hill (and c. 20 km south-west of Pony Hill), Boyagin Rock Reserve (south-west of Brookton), near Beverley and Tarwonga Hill (north of Arthur River). Habitat. Grows in dark brown clay and coarse sand in runoff channels on granite rocks. Phenology. Flowering recorded in September and October; mature pods collected in December and January. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Four. Etymology. From the Latin cuneatus (wedge-shaped) md folium (a leaf), in reference to the phyllode shape. Affinities. Acacia cuneifolia is most closely related to A. congesta (syn. A. collina E. Pritz.). These two species share the following significant characters: stipules spinescent; phyllodes 1-nerved, dimidiate, cuspidate; a small bract sometimes present near or above middle of peduncle; very similar inflorescence development and carpological characters. The most important character separating these two species is theircalyx:gamosepalous and 1/4-1/3 length of corollain A. c/m£>//bfe;±free, narrowly spathulate sepals c. 1/2 the length ol the petals in A. congesta. Judging from experience with a large number of Acacia species 1 would lind it impossible to include within a single species entities with such different calyces. Other characters distinguishing the more northerly distributed A. congesta include the following; phyllodes never fasciculate, inaequilaterally lanceolate to narrowly elliptic (thus broadest near or below their middle; although narrowly elliptic phyllodes occasionally occur in A. cuneifolia they arc always accompanied by ones that are obviously broadest above their middle) and heads 30-70-flowered and more obviously and consistently obloid. Acacia deflciens Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex prostratus vel effusus, picrumque ad 0.5 m altus, interdum ad 1 .7 m altus. Ramuli spinescentes, teretes, recti, laevi, glabri. Stipulaec. 0.5 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodiapaucaad basin ramulorum, supra absentia, lanceolata ad anguste oblongo-elliptica, plerumque parum asymmetrica, obtusa vel acuta, mucronulata, 1 0-20 mm longa, 1 .5-4 mm lata, coriacea, glabra, costa obscura; glans B.R. Maslin. Acacia miscellany 16 341 0.5-3.5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorcsccntia racemus redactus capitulis 1 vel 2. Pedunculi 4-9 mm longi, glabri; capiuila floribus 20-30(40). Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, glabra vel abaxialiter puberula. Pelala glabra, I -nervosa. Legumen anguste oblongum, raro lineare, ad 4 cm longum, 4—6 mm latum, rectum vel parum curvalum, chartaceum, interdum vernicosum. Semina transversa, raro longitudinalia, ovoidea vel oblongoidea, 3-4 mm longa, nitentia; arillus nullus. Typus: 36 km by Rd south of Queen Victoria Rock, Western Australia, 22 September 1 983, B.R. Maslin 5412 (holo: PERTH 00106461 ; iso: CANB, G, K, MEL, NY). Acacia nodiflora wav. ferox E. Pritz., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 35: 299 ( 1 904). Type: near Grasspatch [Grass Patch], Western Australia, November [ 1901 ], L. Diels 53 10 («.v.). Acacia nodiflora var. scoparia E. Pritz., loc. cit. Type: Tammin, Western Australia, October 1901, E. Pritzel 764 {iso: A, G, K, M, MO, PERTH 00734969 — fragment ex B, PR, Z.) Prostrate, domed or spreading .v/zra/?, dense to mid-dense, commonly to c. 0.5 m tall and 1 m across, sometimes to 1 m tall, one specimen (K.R. Newhey 6030) 1 ,7 m tall and 2 m across. Branches glabrous, light grey, sometimes tinged dull orange-pink at base. BranchletsrlgAd, spinescent, ascending to erect, ± straight, smooth, obscurely longitudinally rugose when dry, glabrous, green or subglaucous, terete, rarely angled at extremities due to narrow wings; ribs absent or very obscure. Stipules insignificant, c. 0.5 mm long, caducous. Phyllodes lew at base ol branchlels, absent from upper (inflorescence- bearing) nodes, usually lanceolate to narrowly oblong-elliptic, infrequently linear, commonly slightly asymmetric, mostly 10-20 miri long but sometimes interspersed with some shorter (to 6 mm) or longer (to 40 mm), 1 .5-4(5) mm wide, I: w 4-8( I I ), thinly coriaceous, smooth, distant, patent to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, green to subglaucous; apex obtuse to acute, mucronulate; midrib obscure; lateral nerves absent; pulvinus c. 0.5 mm long, yellowish, not or scarcely wrinkled when dry. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 0.5-3. 5 mm above pulvinus, not prominent, ± circular to oblong, 0.3-0.4 mm long, 0.15-0.25 mm wide, drying yellowish or light reddish brown. Inflorescences 1(2) per node, comprising extremely reduced l(2)-branched racemes; axis 0.5-1 mm long; base ebractcatc; pec/micfe? 4-9 mm long, recurved in fruit, glabrou.s, commonly reddish, commonly faintly pruinose; base rimmed by a row ol ininute, glandular papillae; basal bracts 1 or 2, c. 0.5 mm long. Heads globular, rarely obloid in bud. mid-golden, 10 mm diam.atanthesis (drying4-5mmdiam.), 20-30(40)- llowcred; hracteoles spalhulate, as long as sepals; claw linear or narrowly oblong, 0.2-0.5 mm long; lamina ± widely ovale, 0.4-0. 5 mm wide. Flowers 5-mcrous; sepals 215 to almost 1/2 length of petals, free, spathulate or sometimes narrowly oblong, glabrous or puberulous abaxially; petals 1.5-2 mm long, glabrous, light orange in young bud, ageing yellow, 1 -nerved but nerve not apparent when dry. Pod narrowly oblong, rarely linear, to 4 cm long, (3)4-6 mm wide, prominently raised over seeds and straight-edged or slightly constricted between them, straight or shallowly curved, thinly chartaceous and very brittle, sometimes vernicose, somelimes dull and faintly pruinose, dark brown or purplish brown; margins narrow, reddish when immature. transverse, rarely longitudinal, ovoid to obloid or slightly ellipsoid, 3-4 mm long, 2 mm wide, compressed (1-1.5 mm thick), black ordark brown, shiny or dull; pleurogram very obscure with a wide opening at hilar end; areole 0.3-0.4 mm long, 0.3-0. 5 mm wide, fnnicle filiform, non-arillalc. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bruce Rock. Sep. 1933, E.T. Bailey s.n. (PERTH 00103098); 18.8 km from Southern Cross towards Bullfinch, E.M. Canning WA/68 2510 (PERTH); 4.8 miles |7.7 km] E of Burakin towards Beacon, R. Cumming 2336 (PERTH); 5.9 miles [9.5 km] W of Biillabulling towards Southern Cross, R. Cumming 2484 (PERTH); Westonia, C.A. Cazr//icr 1850 (PERTH); 'West’ [Wof] We,stonia,F.LM///fcL3133(PERTH);0.8kmNofSaImon 342 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Gums towards Norseman, B.R. MasUn 2443 (CANB, PERTH); 10.5 km S of Lake King towards Ravensthorpc, B.R. Maslin 3439 (K, PERTH); 32 km SE of Kulin towards Lake Grace, B.R. Maslin3842 (AD, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH); 23 km N of Lake Grace towards Kulin, B.R. Maslin 4069 (PERTH); 1.5 km from Peak Charles campsite on track to Hyden-Kumarl road, B.R. Maslin 5438 (PERTH); Frank Harm National Park, D. Monk 414 (PERTH); 7 km N of Ml Andrew, c. 116 km SE of Norseman, K. Newheylllb (PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west ofWestern Australia from between Burakin in the north, south to near Lake Grace and east to near Mount Andrew (south-west of Balladonia). Habitat. Grows in various soil types including loam, clay and sand in open shrub malleeand woodland with various eucalypt species on flat or gently undulating plains. Phenology. Flowering recorded from September to November; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet (Latin, deficiens, lacking), refers to the lack of phyllodes on flowering branchlets. Affinities. Acacia deficiens is sometimes confused with the more northerly distributed A. exocarpoides W. Fitzg. on account of its ± spinescent branchlets with few small phyllodes, but that species is a larger, coarser shrub with terete phyllodes, long, submoniliform, thinly coriaceous pods and arillate seeds. Acacia erinacea Benlh. is another species with spinescent branchlets, few phyllodes and prostrate habit, but is not close to A. deficiens-, it is a more intricately branched shrub with shorter, more pungent branchlets, smaller, differently-shaped phyllodes, united sepals, usually crustaceous, narrowly to broadly oblong pods, and arillate seeds. Variation. The above description encompasses a few atypical specimens. 1. Branchlets are usually ± straight and terete but are sometimes angled due to the development of a narrow wing-like extension (e.g. Gardner 1850, Lullfitz L3133) and additionally, slightly flexuosc {Monk 4 1 4). 2. Phyllodes are usually 1 0-20 mm long but reach 30^0 mm in Bailey s.n., Cumming 2336 and Maslin 5438, 3. The most extreme variation is seen in the pods oi Maslin 3842 and 4069 (collected from the same population). These are c. 3 mm wide and have longitudinal seeds. Elsewhere the pods are 4-6 mm wide with transverse seeds. The presence of both longitudinal and transverse seeds in the same species is rare in Acacia. Acacia diminuta Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex etfusus ad 20 cm altus. Ramuli teretes, non costati, pungentes, glabri. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longae, caducac. Phyllodia vulgo reflexa, linearia vel oblonga, mucronulata, 3-5 mm longa, incurva, c. 1 mm lata, ciassa, glabia, costa obsctira, marginc adaxiali binervoso; glans versus medium marginis inserta. InRorescentia simplex. Pcdunculi 2.5-4 mm longi. glabri: capitula floribus c.l5. Flores B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 343 S-meri. Sepala libera, glabra. Petala enervia. Legumen lineare, c. 20 mm longum, 4—5 mm latum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloideo-ellipsoidea, c. 5 mm longa. Typus: west of Ravensthorpe [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 30 October 1965, A.S. George 7069 {holo: PERTH 00175188; iso: CANB, K, PERTH 00729604). Intricate, spreading, dwart shrub to 0.2 m tall. Branch lets terete, ribless, coarsely pungent, glabrous, light grey. Stipules triangular, c: 0.5 mm long, commonly caducous. Phyllodes ± linear to oblong, 3-5(6) mm long, c. 1 mm wide, flat but thick and sometimes appearing ± subterete, sometimes a few fasciculate on nodose branchlets, mostly reflexed, commonly shallowly incurved, sometimes straight, glabrous, green, finely longitudinally wrinkled (dry), the upper margin + flat and c. 0.5 mm wide, with 2 yellowish nerves, usually sparsely asperulate, other nerves obscure or absent; apex excentrically mucronulate, the mucro slightly upturned as in Acacia brunioides’, pulvinus distinct, 0.3— 0.4 mm long, terete. Gland not prominent, commonly absent, on upper margin near middle of phyllode, circular, 0. 1-0.2 mm diam. I nflorescencesimpie, peduncle 1 per node, ( 1 .5)2.5-4 mm long; basal bract solitary, triangular-ovate, c. 0.5 mm long, shallowly concave, glabrous. Heads globular, cream or yellow, 4 mm diam. (reconstituted, 2 mm diam. when dry), c. \5-i\owered',bracteolesc. 1 mm long, very sparsely hairy; claws linear, c. 0.5 mm long; lamina triangular-ovate, acute, 0.5 mm long, 0.4 mm wide, slightly inflexed. /-’/owerx 5-merous, very brittle when dry; sepals 1/2-3/4 length of petals, free, spathulate, subglabrous; petals c. 1 mm long, nerveless. Pod (immature) linear, to c. 20 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, slightly constricted between seeds and slightly rounded over them, glabrous. Seed (I seen, immature) longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 5 mm long, 3 mm wide, dull brown. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]; W ofScaddan,M./l. Rurgman 4562 (PERTH); between Esperance and Norseman, 7. W. Wrigley WA/68 5318(PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known from only a few scattered localities between Jerramungup and Scaddan. Habitat. Grows in sandy clay in shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded in October and November; mature pods not seen, but a pod with an immature seed was collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Latin diminutus (made small, diminished), refers to the small stature, phyllodes, flowers and heads. Affinities. Relationships uncertain. Acacia ericksoniae Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus 20-60 cm altus. Ramuli ± pungentes, teretes, hirsutelli, glabrescentes. Stipulae 1-1.5 mm longae, pcrsistentes. Phyllodia inacqualiter obtriangularia, mucronata, 2-5 mm longa, L5-4mmlata,hir.sutella, nervi 1 (vel 2), obscuri; glans 1-3 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus 1-capitalus. Pedunculi 2-5 mm longi, hirsutelli; capitula floribus 10-17. Flores 344 Niiytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) 5-meri. Sepala unita, glabra vel ciliolala. Pelala glabra, enervia. Legumen circinatum, ad c. 8 mm ‘diam.’, 2-2.5 mm latum, charlaceum, glabrum vel hirtellum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea vel oblongoidea, 2-3 mm longa, nitenlia; arillus crassus. Typus: 5.5 km north-west ol'Wongan Hills towards Piawaning, Western Australia, 27 August 1976, B.R. Maslin 4202 {holo: PERTH 00182826; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY). [Acacia bidcntata auct. non Benth.; E. Pritz., Bot. Jahrh. Sysl. 35: 298 (1904), as to E. Pritzel 563 - K, LY, M, MO; also L. Diels 3966, n.v.]. Much-branched siinih, somewhat spreading, 0.2-0.6 m tall, single-stemmed or few-branched at ground level, the smooth or slightly roughened light grey bark extending to upper branches, branchlet extremities green or light brown. Branchlets rather slender, ± straight, patent to erect, somewhat pungent, terete, very obscurely nerved, moderately to densely hirsutellous to hirtellous (hairs short, straight, patent or slightly renexed, sometimes seemingly stellate, usually soon glabrous). Stipules persistent on upper branches, triangularto narrowly triangular, 1-1.5 mm long,0.2-0.4 mm wide, erect, dark brown, not joined when young as in A. acanthoclada. Phyllodes unequally obtriangular with the upper margin lorming a prominent rounded angle and the lower margin shallowly convex, mucronate and sometimes pungent, 2-5 mm long, 1.5-4 mm wide, l:w 1.3-2, flat, slightly thickened, slightly wrinkled when dry, sparsely to moderately hirsutellous to hirtellous (hairs not confined to margins), green; ± obscurely I- or 2-nerved; main longitudinal nerve situated towards adaxial margin and terminating in the miicro; secondary longitudinal nerve (when developed) subparallel to main and intersecting distal margin near mticro; diverging lateral nerves few or absent; pulvinus terete, c. 0.3 mm long. G/mic/ insignificant, on upper margin of phyllode 1-3 mm above pulvinus, commonly absent,circular.<0.1-0.2nimdiam. Inflorescence 1 per node, an extremely reduced 1 -headed raceme; raceme axis 0.2-0, 3 mm long, subtended by a pair of minute lateral bracts which are depressed-ovate, c. 0.3 mm long, sessile, ciliolale, otherwise glabrous; peduncles 2-5 mm long, sparsely to moderately hirsutellous to hirtellous; basal bracts subtending abaxial side of peduncle, depressed-ovate, c. 0.5 mm long, shallowly clelt, concave, brown, ciliolate, otherwise glabrous. Heads globular, light- to mid-golden, 3-4 mm diam. (dry), 1 0-1 7- flowered; hracteoles c. 0.5 mm long, ± oblong, shallowly concave towards apex, obtuse to abruptly acute, fimbriolate at apex. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 1/4 to 1/3 length of corolla, membranous, divided for 1/3-2/3 its length into oblong or triangular glabrous or ciliolate lobes; petals 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod coiled as in Medicago, to c. 8 mm long (unexpanded), 2-2.5 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to very thinly coriaceous, slightly shiny, red- brown, glabrous or hirtellous. Seeds longitudinal, ovoid to obloid, 2-3 mm long, 1.3- 1.5 mm wide, 0.8-1 mm thick, glossy, brown mottled black; pleurogram ob,scure, open at hilar end; areole c. 0.3 mm long and 0.2 mm widc\ fiinicle filiform, abruptly expanded into a thick, sublateral aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 6.4 km S of Walebing, R. Camming 1334 (PERTH); 5.7 km W of Moora-Mogumber road at Barberton on Barberton West Rd, R. Cumming 3578 (PERTH); 5 miles [8 kmj N ol Wongan Hills, R.T. Lange 5^ (PERTH); 3 km E ofWaddington towards Piawaning, B.R. Maslin 3252 (CANB, PERTH); 11 km N of Three Springs on The Midlands Rd, B.R. Maslin 5489 (CANB, PERTH); Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve. B.R. Maslin 6386 (PERTH, Z); 2 miles [3.2 km] S ot 4 ammin, K. Newhey 1 95 1 (PERTH); 7.7 km E of Goomalling township, S along Robert Rd, P. 104 (PERTH); Wyalkatchem, S.R Rosier^5\ (PERTH); 1 mile[l.6km] SWof Manmanning, 386 (PERTH, also BRI, CANB, HO. MEL. NSW, but n.v.); 48.1 km N of New Norcia on Great Northern Highway, M.D. Tindale 2649 (PERTH, also CANB. K, NSW, but /i.v.). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 345 Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia discontinuously from near Mingenew south-east to near Three Springs and Watheroo, south-south-east to near Tammin, and at the Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve. Habitat. Grows in rocky or lateritic loam or sand, usually in low hilly country with Melaleuca heath or eucalypt woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. I have great pleasure in naming this species for Mrs Frederika (Rica) Erickson, who has made a significant contribution to our knowledge of the Western Australian flora, including books on James Drummond, orchids, carnivorous plants and triggerplants (George 1998). Ajfinities. The new species is most closely related to/\. acanthoclada on accountof its terete, ob.scurely nerved, spinescent branchlets, its very reduced, 1 -headed racemes with their axes subtended by two minute bracts and their peduncles subtended by a larger cleft bract, its gamosepalous calyx, its coiled pods and its mottled seeds with relatively large, sublatcral arils. Acacia acanthoclada is most readily distinguished by its glabrous and longer peduncles, 1 -nerved petals and its stipules which are connate when young and less persistent; also its branchlets arc more rigid and less sharply pungent, and its phyllodes are usually more elongate. These differences may not seem great, but when taken in combination justify specific rank. In Western Australia, /\. acanthoclada subsp. acanthoclada usually has glabrous, narrow, elongate phyllodes (commonly 0.6-2 mm wide, l:w 3-6) rendering the species easily distinguishable from A. ericksoniae. On a few specimens, however, particularly from Wongan Hills and some from the Cosmo Newbery area (c. 85 km north-east of Laverton ), the phyllodes oE4. acanthoclada are hairy and broader (2-3 mm wide, l:w 2-3) and in these characters it approaches the new species. Acacia ericksoniae was formerly confused with A. bidentata Benth. which has non-spinescent, scurfy-white branchlets, creamy white to pale yellow heads, arcuate to 1 l/2-coi!ed pods and non- mottled seeds. It also resembles the Western Australian variant of A. pravifolia F. Muell. which is distinguished by its prominent main longitudinal phyllodc nerve, normally glabrous peduncles, 1 -nerved petals and non-mottlcd seeds. Variation. Specimens from Wongan Hills east through Manmanning (c. 40 km east of Wongan Hills) and south to Tammin have very small phyllodes (2-3 x 1 .5-2 mm) whereas those from Goomalling, Moora and Three Springs are commonly slightly larger(2-5 x 2-4mm). Specimens from the Yerecoin- Walebing area (near New Norcia) are unusual in their seemingly stellate branchlet and phyllode indumentum (hairs simple elsewhere). Acacia errabunda Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus 1-2.5 m altus. Ramuli tcretes, subtiliter costati, interdum farinosi. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longi, pcrsislentcs vel caducac. Phy llodia oblanceolata ad angustc oblanceolata, obtusa vel acuta, mucronata, 2-5 cm longa, 3-8 mm lata, coriacca, costa excentrica, vel central!, margine adaxiali binervoso; glans 0-2 mm supra pulvinam inserta. InUorescentia simplex. Pcdunculi c. 2 mm longi. 346 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) glabri; capitulafloribus 17-22. Flores 5-meri. Sepalaunita, lobis obscure 1-nervosis. Petala obscure 1 -nervosa. Legumen lineare, levitercurvatum, ad 9 cm longum, 3.5 mm latum, chartaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, 4 mm longa; arillus conspicuus. Typus: 4 km east of Needilup, Western Australia, 27 August 1975, K. Newbey 4765 {holo: PERTH 00703834; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Dense or moderately dense shrub, spreading, sometimes rounded, 1-2.5 m tall, to 3 m wide; main stem much-branched at ground level. Bark smooth or slightly roughened, grey or blackish grey. New farinose or covered with yellowish resin. Branchletslerexe, slightly angled at extremities, finely ribbed, the ribs sometimes farinose. Stipules inconspicuous, c. 0.5 mm long, persistent or caducous. Phyllodes oblanccolate to narrowly oblanceolate, obtuse-mucronulate or ± acute, 2-5(9) cm long, 3-8 mm wide, l:w 5-12(16), thinly coriaceous, inclined to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, green or subglaucous; midrib commonly towards lower margin, sometimes ± central, the 2 adaxial nerves commonly intramarginal giving phyllodes the appearance of 2 nerves per face; nerves resinous (not viscid) or farinose; minor nerves longitudinally anastomosing and forming an open reticulum witheiongated nerve islands; p«/vi>i«.? I -2 mm long, finely transversely wrinkled, yellowish. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 0-2(4) mm above pulvinus, not prominent, c. 0.4 mm diam. Inflorescences simple, normally 2 per axil and with a dormant vegetative bud in the axil at anthesis; peduncles c. 2 mm long, ± obscured by stamens at anthesis, glabrous; basal peduncular bract solitary, persistent, widely ovate, shallowly concave, 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous, sometimes farinose. Heads globular, 4-5 mm diam. (dry). 1 7-22-flowered, light golden; bracteoles .spathulate, 1 mm long, glabrous; claw linear; lamina c. 0.5 mm wide, shallowly concave, light brown, sometimes farinose. Flowers 5-merous, glabrous; calyx 1/2-2/3 length of corolla, gamosepalous, very shallowly divided into ± widely triangular, slightly inllexed lobes that are sometimes farinose abaxially; calyx tube obscurely 5-nervcd;pera/.?c. 1 .5 mm long, obscurely l-nerved. linear, to 9 cm long, 3.5 mm wide, with up to 8 seeds, firmly chartaceous, shallowly arcuate, ± straight-edged, rounded over seeds, glabrous, light brown, slightly pruinose. Seeds longitudinal, obloid, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide, c. 1 .2 mm thick, dark brown, shiny ;/;»/c«ragram obscure, oblong, open at hilar end; arco/e 3 mm long, 1 mm wide; funicle filiform, 2 mm long; aril terminal, rather conspicuous, orange-brown and wrinkled when dry. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 1 km WofMoirRd on Quagitups northern boundary, K. Bradby KLB56 (PERTH); E of Needilup, on corner of Brown Rd, G. Craig 1565 (AD, BRI, PERTH); 8 km S of Ravensthorpe towards Hopetoun, B. R. Maslin 2565 (CANB, K. MEL, NY, PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km| SE ol Ravensthorpe, K. Newbey 940 (PERTH); II miles [ 1 7.7 km] SEof Jerramungup, K. Newbey 1299 (BRI, NSW, NY, PERTH); 1 mile [1,6 km] E of Broomehill, K. Newbey 3434 (G, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia known only from the Broomehill, Jerramungup and Ravensthorpe areas. Habitat. Grows in loam and clay, in woodland, mallee communities and Acacia shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in late November and December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 347 Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin erro (to wander) and -bundus (continuance, augmentation), in reference to the two fine adaxial nerves on the phyllodes. These nerves are located either along the upper edge of the phyllode or become displaced a few millimetres below the edge, i.e. have diverged from the normal central position. In the latter case the phyllodes appear 2-nerved per face. Affinities. It seems that A. errahunda is related to the widespread eastern Australian species A. stricta (Andr.) Willd. The more important characters shared by these two species include the following: (1) phyllodes with anastomosing minor nerves; (2) inflorescences simple (peduncles very rarely arranged on short racemes in A. .strictaf, (3) basal peduncular bract solitary, persistent; (4) calyx gamosepalous, very shortly lobed; (5) pods long, linear, firmly chartaceous; (6) seeds longitudinal, with a terminal aril. The two species are readily distinguished by their phyllodes which in A. stricta arecommonly larger (3.5-14cm long and 3- 1 5 mm wide), are only 1-nerved along their adaxial margin, and have more numerous minor nerves that diverge from the midrib at an acute angle and form a close reticulum. Other characters distinguishing A. .stricta include the following: branchlets prominently angled, basal gland rather prominent, peduncles 2-5 mm long and normally 2-4 per axil, heads creamy yellow to lemon yellow and flowers 20-38 per head. Variation. In Newbey 940 from south of Ravensthorpe the phyllodes are atypically long (to 9 cm with the gland 4 mm above the pulvinus). Other .specimens from this locality have phyllodes within the normal range of variation (i.e. 2-5 cm long, gland 0-2 mm above the pulvinus). Acacia euthyphylla Maslin, sp. nov. Frutexrotundatus vel infundibularis, l-2maltus. Ramuliteretes, subtilitercostati,glabri. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa et mucronata vel acuta, 4-9 cm longa, 2-3 mm lata, glabra, co.sta non prominenti; glans c. 10 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus capitulis (1)2(3). Pedunculi 5-8 mm longi, glabri; capitula floribus 18-21. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, sparsim puberula. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen lineare, ad 6 cm longum, 3.5 mm latum, coriaccum, glabrum. Semina (immatura) longitudinalia. Typus: Truslove Reserve (near water reserve c. 0.5 km south of northern boundary of Reserve), c. 1 1 km due north-north-east of Scaddan, Western Australia, 15 August 1985, B.R. Maslin 5804 {holo: PERTH 00758361; (.to.- CANB, K, PERTH 00758914). Dense to mid-dense shrub, rou tided to obconic, 1 -2 m tall, multi-stemmed or if single-stemmed then branching close to ground level. Bark smooth, light grey to mid-grey. Branchlets terete, slightly angled at extremities, finely ribbed, slightly flexuose, glabrous, light brown to pale reddish brown, sometimes slightly pruinose. Stipules triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, scarious. caducous. Phyllodes linear, narrowed at base, 4-9 cm long, 2-3(4) mm wide, l:w 15-30, very slightly thickened, erect, straight to shallowly incurved, flat, glabrous, dull, light green, midrib and marginal nerves not prominent, commonly drying yellowish; nerve on adaxial margin not bifurcating; lateral nerves trending longitudinally, submerged and obscure (upon drying tissue between nerves collapses to produce a very fine rugo.se effect); apex obtuse, mucronulate to acute; mucro c. 0.5 mm long, straight and erect or occasionally slightly undulate, dark brown, hard, coarsely pungent when dry , pulvinus c. 1 mm long, yellow to brown, finely transversely rugo.se when dry. Gland not prominent, on adaxial margin near or below middle of phyllode 10 mm or more above pulvinus, oblong, 0.4-0.7 mm long, usually impressed. Inflorescence a reduced raceme; axis 1-2 mm long with ( 1 )2(3) heads, commonly growing out in late anthesis, thus fruiting peduncle commonly situated at base of new shoot, g\abrouii', peduncles 5-S mm long, glabrous; 348 Nuytsia Vol, 12, No. 3 (1999) basal peduncular bract solitary, very early caducous, ± rostriform, c. 1 mm long, glabrous but minutely ciliolate towards apex, dark brown, //eat/iglobular, golden, 7-8 mm diam. (fresh), 4-5 mm diam. (dry), 1 8-2 l-flowered; bracteoles narrowly spathulate, 1 mm long, obtuse, light browm. Flowers 5-merous; sepals Ml length of petals, free, sparsely pubcrulous; claws linear, expanded into narrow, slightly inflexed, slightly thickened, obtuse to acute, brown lamina; petals 2 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod (immature pods and old dehisced valves seen), linear, to 6 cm long, 3.5 mm wide, straight to shallowly curved, slightly undulate, scarcely constricted between seeds and slightly rounded over them, seemingly thinly coriaceous, glabrous, dark brown; marginal nerve narrow, red-brown. Seeds (very immature) longitudinal. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 15 km SW of Mt Ney, 5 km NE of Burdett Rd on Mt Ney Rd, M.A. Burgman 1652 & S. McNee (PERTH); 9 km SW of Mt Ridley, 16.9 km N of Scaddan Rd on Dempster Rd. M.A. Burgman 23 10 & S. McNee (PERTH); Truslove Rd, 2.3 km E of junction with Cox Rd (near Scaddan ), C. Craig 1 459 (PERTH); E of Scaddan, on Dempster Rd (N of Norwood Rd intersection), G. Craig 1 672 (PERTH); Truslove Reserve, Cox Rd, 1 .5 km S of Truslove Rd intersection (c. 13 km due NE of Scaddan), B.R. Maslin 5805 (G, MEL, NY, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, of restricted occurrence from Truslove (north of Esperance) east to near Clyde Hill (c. 110 km east of Truslove). Habitat. Grows in sand or clay-loam in seasonal swamps or around periphery of salt lakes and marshes in tall myrtaceous shrubland and mallee woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; immature fruit collected in early November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Greek euthys (straight) and phyllon (a leaf), refers to the ± erect phyllodes. Affinities. Acacia euthyphylla closely resembles A. crassiuscula H.L. Wcndl. in phyllode shape and size, inflorescence structure and in its linear pods with longitudinal seeds. Acacia crassiuscula is distinguished Irom A. euthyphylla by its thicker, dark green phyllodes (more coarsely wrinkled when dry), with prominent midribs, gland 2-8 mm above pulvinus, cream heads, gamosepalous calyx and racemes 1—6 cm long. With the collection of mature pods and seeds, additional distinguishing features may come to light. Acacia crassiuscula is commonly a spindly open shrub and occurs in coastal and near-coastal habitats south of the known range of the new species; it is commonly associated with granite outcrops. Acacia evenulosa Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex densus 0.5- 1.7 m altus. Ramuli teretes, juvenes et axilla minute puberula, cetera glabri, Stipulae 1 .5-3 mm longae, vulgo persistentes. Phyllodia anguste oblonga ad linearia, obtusa, minute mucronata, 15—40 mm longa, 2.5— 3.5 mm lata, laevia, glabra; costa inconspicua; nervi laterales superficiares.absentes velobscurissima; glansmarginalis, 1-4 mm suprapulvinaminserta. Inflorescentia racemus rcductus capitulis ( 1 )2. Pedunculi 4- 1 0 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia, 5—6 mm diam. (viva), floribus 15—22. Flores 5-ineri. .Sepala libera, parce puberula. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen anguste oblongum, ciicinatuni, ad .30 nmi longuni, 4—4.5 mm latum, coriaceo-crustatum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea. 2.5 mm longa, nitentia; arillus lineari-clavatus. albus. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 349 Typus: 1 km north of Salmon Gums on Coolgardie-Esperance highway, Western Australia, 25 September 1 983, B.R. Maslin 5449 [holo: PERTH 00 1 997 1 0; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY) Dense, spreading shrub with rounded crown, 0.5-1. 7 m tall, 0.6-2(3) m wide, multi-stemmed, infrequently single-stemmed or sparingly branched at ground level. Bark grey, sometimes fissured at base of stems, otherwise smoolh, B ranchlets terete, very finely ribbed, glabrous or more frequently with minute, appressed, slraighl, white hairs in phyllode axils and commonly towards branchlet apices. Stipules narrowly triangular, 1.5—3 mm long; shallowly incurved, brown, glabrous, brittle but persisting at ba.se of most phyllodcs, at old nodes where phyllodes have fallen the slightly thickened stipule bases frequently forming minute, tooth-like projections. Phyllodes narrowly oblong to linear, narrowed at base, 15—40 mm long, 2— 3.5(4) mm wide, l:w 5—15, coriaceous, commonly slightly thickened, smooth (fresh), commonly faintly wrinkled when dry, dull or sometimes ± shiny, erect, straight to shallowly incurved, flat or semi-terete to shallowly rhombic in cross-section, glabrous (except pulvinus), liglit green to dark green, occasionally a few subglaucous; apex obtuse, the mucro minute (c. 0.2 mm long), hard, brown, ± straight, erect; midrib and marginal nerves usually not prominent; nerve on upper margin bifurcating near pulvinus but nerves obscure and frequently submerged; lateral nerves absent (submerged) or very obscure; pulvinus terete, 1-1 .5 mm long, finely transversely wrinkled and yellow, orange or brown when dry, glabrous or more commonly minutely hairy on upper surface. Gland not prominent, on upper margin 1-4 mm above pulvinus, occasionally absent, circular to oblong, 0.3-0. 5 mm long. Inflorescence a rudimentary raceme (axis to 1 mm long) with (1)2 heads, sometimes growing out at anthesis; peduncles (3)4-10(13) mm long, glabrous, recurved from base in fruit; basal peduncular bract solitary, caducous, ± rostriform, 1 .5-2 mm long, hairy abaxially, light brown. Wcufy.vglobular, mid-golden, 5-6 mm diam. (fresh), 4-4.5 mm diam. (dry), 1 5-22-nowcrcd; bracteoles absent or if few present then subtending flower(s), 0.6 mm long, narrowly spathulate. Flowers 5-nterous', sepals c. 1/2 length of petals, free, narrowly linear, sparsely puberulous; petals c. 1 .5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pot/ narrowly oblong, semi-circinatetocircinate, sometimes irregularly sigmoid or shallowly undulate, to 30 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide, thinly coriaceous— crustaceous, straight-edged or slightly constricted between .seeds, slightly rounded over seeds, nerveless, brown to purplish brown, glabrous; marginal nerve narrow. Seeds longitudinal, ovoid, 2.5 mm long, 1 .5 mm wide, compres,sed (0.8 mm thick), shiny, greyish brown, becoming dark brown; pleurogram very obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole 0.3 mm long, 0.2 mm wide; funicle filiform, c. I mm long; aril sublaterally attached to seed, linear-clavate, extending 3/4 to wholly down side of seed, creamy while. Selected specimens examined. WE.STERN AUSTRALIA: 30.5 km N of Mt Ney, M.A. Burgman 1 28 1 & S. McNee (PERTH); Salmon Gums, P.E. Con rick 1 702 (MO, PERTH, also AD but n. v.); 0.5 km E on Holts Rd from Esperanee-Norseman highway, G.F. Craig 2441 (PERTH); 14 km S of Mt Holland, B.R. Maslin 3949 (PERTH); between 1 0 and 40 km W of Peak Charles turn-off on Lake King-Kumarl road, B.R. Maslin 5432 (BRl, CANB, G, PERTH); 24 km ,S,SW of Mt Malcolm, Fraser Range, K. Newbey KiSl (PERTH); 37 km W of Balladonia on Eyre Highway, M.H. Simmons 1 1 63 (PERTH); 40 km E of Lake King on road to Daniell, P.C. Wil.wn 5738 (AD. PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia in an area bounded by Mt Holland. Lake King, Clyde Hill and Balladonia, with most collections from the Peak Charles-Salmon Gums-Grass Patch area (north of Esperance). Habitat. Grows in red-brown clay to sandy loam (occasionally sand), sometimes with stony inclusions on flat or gently undulating plains, m low eucalypt woodland or open to very open scrub mallee, commonly over low to dwarl scrub, occasionally in low Allocasuarina scrub. 350 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Latin ven.MtosM.v( veined) with the prefix ex- (lacking), alludes to the lateral venation which is superficially absent or very obscure. This characteristic occurs in a number of species where the nerves are submerged in a relatively thick lamina. Affinities. Closely allied to the more northerly distributed A. saxatilis S. Moore which differs most obviously in the following ways; branchlets and pulvinus consistently glabrous; phyllodes 4-7 mm wide, pruinose; heads 27-35-flowered; pods c. 3 mm wide, curved in same plane as suture (in A. evenulosa the curvature is at right angles to the plane of the suture). Also allied to A. blaxellii (see above). Acacia glaucissima Maslin, sp.nov. Frutex infundibularis, 0.6-1. 5 m altus. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Stipulae 3-4 mm longae, atro- brunneae, caducae praeter bases crassos. Phyllodia anguste elliptica ad oblongo-elliptica vel oblanceolata, obtusa vel acute mucronata, 2-4 cm longa, 5-15 mm lata, glabra, crassc coriacea, glaucissima, pulvinala; costa prominens; nervi laterales abscntes vel obscurissimi; glans marginalis, 3-7 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inllorescentiaracemus reductus, capitulis 2. Pedunculi 10-20 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia, floribus 20-35. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala libera, glabra vel parce puberula. Petalaglabra, enervia. Lcgumen irregularitercontortum vel spirale, teres, ad 6.5 mm longum, 2-3 mm latum, tenuiter coriaceum ad crustaceum, plcrumque glabrum, Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, c. 3 mm longa; arillus conspicuus, flavus. Typus: 20 km south of Salmon Gums on the Coolgardie-Esperance highway. Western Australia, 25 September 1983, B.R. Maslin 5454 [liolo: PERTH 00178039; iso: CANB, K), Obconic or somewhat rounded shrub, spreading, dense or openly branched, 0.6-1 .5 m tall and to 2 m diam., lew-6-branched at ground level. Bark light grey, smooth. New shoots glabrous, slightly shiny, dull red to red-brown (drying blackish). Branchlets terete, finely to moderately ribbed, glabrous, light brown to light red-brown or yellow-brown at extremities, sometimes greenish on undersurface. Stipules narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, (2)3— 4(5) mm long, brittle with sometimes only the tnickened bases remaining, glabrous, dark brown to blackish. Phvllodes slightly asymmetric, narrowly elliptic to oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate, infrequently elliptic or obovate, (l.5)2-4(5.5) cm long, (4)5-15 mm wide, l:w (2)3-6, thickly coriaceous, smooth, not or scarcely wrinkled when dry, ± straight, commonly very slightly undulate or twisted, glabrous, dull, very glaucous (± light blue); midrib and marginal nerves piomineni, slightly shiny, greenish yellow, sometimes drying light brown, nerve on adaxial margin bilurcating near gland; lateral nerves absent or very obscure; apex obtuse to acute, mucronate, mucro 1—2 mm long, indurate, coarsely to somewhat sharply pungent, dark brown and straight to slightly intlcxed; pw/v/nM.s I -2 mm long, dull orange, commonly drying dark brown. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 3-7(10) mm above pulvinus, not prominent, usually oblong and 0.4— 0.6 mm long, inircquenlly circular and c. 0.3 mm diam. Inflorescence an extremely reduced 2-branched raceme 1-2 mm long, the axis sometimes growing out at anthesis; peduncles 10-20 mm long, glabrous, light greenish yellow or light red-brown (fresh), usually darkening upon drying, ascending to inclined at anthesis, patent (rarely recurved) when in fruit; basal peduncular bract caducous, c. 1.5 mm long, semi-cucullate, oblong, concave especially at the slightly curved, obtuse B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 351 to subacute apex, sessile, glabrous, dark brown. Heads globular, bright light- to mid-golden, 7-8 mm diam. (reconstituted), 5-6 mm diam. when dry, to 1 1 mm diam. when fresh, 20-35 -flowered; bracteoles not subtending all flowers, narrowly spathulate or resembling sepals. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/3 to almost 1/2 length of petals, free, linear to narrowly oblong, commonly slightly thickened and inflexed at apex, sparsely puberulous to glabrous; petals c. 2 mm long, united for 1 /2 to 2/3 their length, glabrous, commonly tinged brownish to black when dry, nerveless. Pod irregularly twisted to loosely coiled, to 6.5 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous to slightly crustaceous, terete to semi-terete, scarcely constricted between seeds, glabrous or sprinkled with minute, straight, appressed hairs, black. Seeds longitudinal, obloid, 3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, somewhat shiny, dark brown to blackish, sometimes obscurely mottled; pleurogram U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole 0.6-0. 7 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide: funicle filiform, c. I mm long, abruptly expanded into a conspicuous, conical to galeate, yellow, lleshy, terminal aril 2-3 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: nearMtHeywood,7.5. //car£/6389(PERTH); 2.6 km N of Rolland Rd on Fields Rd [c. 45 km due W of Red Lake], M.A. Burgman 3010 (PERTH); 3 1 .6 km NNE of Mt Hey wood, 1 2.4 km NW of Mt Ney Rd on Clyde Rd, M.A. Burgman 3052 & C. Ijiyman (PERTH); 25 km NNE of Mt Ncy, M.A. Burgman 1 256 5. McNee (PERTH); 2.5 km S of Salmon Gums towards Esperance, B.R. Maslin 2492 (MEL, PERTH); 20 km S of Salmon Gums on Coolgardie- Esperance highway towards Esperance, B.R. Maslin 5532 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, scattered in an area from near Mt Madden (north of Ravensthorpe) east to near Mt Hey wood (north-east of Esperance). Most collections are from the area around Salmon Gums, south to Grass Patch and east to near Mt Heywood. Habitat. Grows in sand and on greyish clay flats, in open low or malice woodland with low open dwarf scrub or low heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the superlative of the Latin glaucus (blue-tinged), in reference to the characteristic colour of the phyllodes. Affinities. Acacia glaucissinia is related to/\. merrallii F. Muell. which differs in its usually puberulous branchlcts, caducous stipules and generally shorter (8-25 mm long), less glaucous phyllodes. It also resembles, and is sometimes sympatric with,/), dermatophylla Benth., which is most easily distinguished by its persistent, longer (4-8 mm) stipules, its phyllodes which arc green to subglaucous (glaucous when young), finely wrinkled when dry and lacking a clearly defined pulvinus, its peduncles surrounded at base by a tuft of hairs and its hard-bony, narrowly oblong pods 8-10 mm wide with oblique, larger seeds (c. 5 mm long, 4-4.5 mm wide). Also allied to A. acoma (see above). Acacia graniticola Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex intricatus, elTusus, 2-3 m altus. Ramuli teretes, glabri, Stipulae 1-2 mm longae, caducae sed bases induratae interdum persislcntes. Phyllodia Imearia, acuta, 9-15 cm longa, 1-3 mm lata, coriacea, glabra praeter margincs pilis minutis lubcrculatis caducis instructos; costa conspicua, elevata;glans marginalis.5-8 mm supra pulvinam inseria, interdum absens. Inllorescentiae simplices, 352 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) binatae. Pedunculi 6-20 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia vcl ellipsoidea, floribus 35-40. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera vel brevitcr unita. parce pubcrula. Pelala glabra, enervia. Leguinen late lineare, ad Scmlonguin, 3-4 mm latum, inter semi naconstrictum,chartaceum vel tenuitercoriaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, ellipsoidea, 3-3.5 mm longa; arillus crasstis, albus. Typus: 3 miles [4.8 km] north of Mukinbudin-Bencubbin road on Barbalin North Rd, Western Australia, 6 September 1982, RJ. Cumming 2365 (halo: PERTH 00168335; iso: MELU). Much-branched, intricate spreading shrub 1-3 m tall, to 4 m wide, dividing at ground level into 2-4 rather crooked main stems. Bark grey, rough or smooth, lenticellular. Branchlets terete, finely ribbed, shallowly to obviously flexuose, glabrous; lenticels obvious: young branchlets, phyllodes and peduncles invested with minute, scattered, brown, ± circular resin secretions, sometimes persisting as golden papillae on pbyllode nerves. Stipules on new shoots narrowly oblong to triangular, 1-2 mm long, scarious, with mature ba.ses sometimes hardening and persistent. Phyllodes linear, (6)9-15(20, rarely 28) cm long, 1-3 mm wide, moderately coriaceous, sessile (i.e.pH/vmw^ absent), not continuous with the branchlets but not easily separated from them, shallowly curved to sinuous, flat or (when very narrow) subquadrangular due to pronounced midrib, green, glabrous except margins and sometimes midrib with minute, scattered tubercle-based, caducous, antrorsely appressed hairs; nerves 4 or 5 (2 lateral, 1 abaxial, 1 adaxial but bifurcating near phyllode ba.se); midrib prominent on each face; margins and sometimes midrib sparsely tubcrculate; apex acute, innocuous or sometimes almost coarsely pungent. Gland not prominenl, (2)5-8 mm above base, sometimes absent. Inflorescences 7-12-branched racemes 1-5.5 cm long, the raceme axis often growing out as a ‘leafy’ shoot before llowering has finished with the subsequent pedunculate heads occurring in 2s or 3s in axils of young phyllodes; peduncles 6-25 mm long, slender, glabrous, base ebracteate; bract near or above middle of peduncle persistent or subpersistent to anlhesis, rarely caducous on all peduncles except when in fruit, ± lanceolate, shallowly concave, 1-2 mm long, scarious, light brown, glabrous except sparsely ciliolate margins. Heads globular to widely ellipsoid, golden, c. 8 mm diam. (fresh), 4.5-5 mm diam. (dry), densely 35-40-1 lowered; /;r«r tcotospathulatc, c. 1 .5 mm long, sparsely pubcrulous; claw linear; lamina ovate, c. 0.5 mm wide, acute, slightly inliexed. Flowers 5-mcrous; calyx divided to base or frequently some sepals irregularly united for usually I/4-I/3 their length, sparsely puberulous; petals I . 5-2 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod linear, shallowly raised over seeds and moderately to deeply constricted between them, shallowly undulate, 6-8(9. 5) cm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, charlaceous to thinly coriaceous, glabrous, light brown, nerveless. Seeds longitudinal, with aril facing base of pod, widely ellipsoid, 2.5-3. 5 mm long, 2.5-2. 8 mm wide, sub-glossy, tan with black mottlings (when fresh) but drying yellowish grey-brown mottled black, or uniformly yellowish brown; areole dark, surrounded by a narrow band of yellowish tissue that extends in a line to the hilum; pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end; areole 0. 2-0.4 mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm wide- funicle filiform, 0.5-1 mm long, gradually expanded into a thick, creamy white, folded aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bruce Rock, Sep. 1933, E.T. fia//ev(PERTH 00 1 6687 1 ); near summit of Mt Churchman. BJ. Conn 228()(MEL, NSW, PERTH, TL); Twine Reserve, 2 1 km ESE of Mt Walker, SO. Hopperl^S^ (PERTH): Muntadgin Rock, B,R. Maslin 1819 (AD. BRI, NSW. PERTH); Nungarin Hill. B.R. Maslin 2348 (NY, PERTH); Barbalin Rock, 12 km due SW of Mukinbudin, B.R. Maslin 6448 (BRI, CANB, PERTH); Billyacatting Hill Reserve. 17746, 1 1 km NE of Kununoppin, B.G. Mm> 97(3.7) (PERTH): Yorkrakine Rock Reserve, 23586, 24 km N of Tammin, B.G. Muir 173(3.7) (PERTH); Walyahmomng Rock, c. 60kmNW of Bullfinch, K. Newbey 955S, (MO, PERTH); White ElephantHilkP.JcRe'/jeira 176 (PERTH); Roe Dam, justNof Mt Walker (NofHyden), J. G.&M.H. Simmons 1311 (PERTH). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 353 Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia confined to the central wheatbelt from near Kalannie and Ml Churchman (north of Beacon) east to Walyahmoning Rock (north-west of Southern Cross) and south to Ml Walker (east of Narembeen). Habitat. Grows in sand, sandy-clay or loam on soil aprons on and at the base of granite outcrops, sometimes in scrub or shrubland in semi-arid areas. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin graniticus (granitic) with the ending -cola (a dweller) and reflects the species’ preference for granite rocks. Affinities. Acacia graniticola is most closely allied to A. dentifera Benth. which is distinguished by its branchlets being non-flcxuose, phyllodes distinctly pulvinate (and easily removed from tbe branchlets), generally wider (2-5 mm) and without tuberculate margins, peduncular bracts less persistent (usually absent at anthesis) and pods tending to be more terete in section. The two species are allopatric, A. dentifera being confined principally to the temperate forests and woodlands of the Darling Range and A. graniticola occurring inland in the semi-arid Transitional Rainfall Zone (Hopper 1979) of the wheatbelt; both species are associated with granite rocks. A similar distribution pattern exists for the A. oncinophylla L'md\ey-A.fauntleroyi (Maiden) Maiden & Blakely species pair in sect. Juliflorae (Benth.) C. Moore & Betche. Acacia halliana Maslin, Nuytsia 6: 36, fig. 1 (1987). Type: 10 km N of Bute on the road to Port Broughton, South Australia, 22 September 1985, B.R. Maslin 6003 {holo: PERTH; iso: AD, CANB, G,K,MEL,NSW,NY). Acacia iteaphylla var. latifolia F. Muell., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 125 (1859), synon. nov. Type: Poonindie [sphalm. ‘Ponindi’], South Australia, C. Wilhelmi{lecto: NSW 1 80828, here selected; isolecto: MEL [sphalm. ‘Ponindy’]). Typification. The NSW type sheet of the name. Acacia iteaphylla var. latifolia bears two collections, both labelled by Mueller: ( 1 ) 'Acacia iteaphylla fer Mul. 6 latifolia. Erutex altior. Ponindi. W[ilhelmi]’ ; there is a duplicate of this fruiting specimen (annotated ‘Ponindy’) at MEL. (2) ‘Acacia iteaphylla. In fruticetis .... fl. Murray baud procul a Wellington. Wuerth. 1 Mai 1849’; this is a sterile specimen of the small-headed variant of A. hallianaMas.\\n,fideB.R. Maslin, loc. cit. The specimen at NSW of the former collection is selected as Icclotype as it is representative of the more common variant of the species and is better material than that on the sheet at MEL. Acacia hystrix Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex 0.3-1 (1.8) m altus. Ramuli glabri, ad apices extremos costis flavis vernicosis provisi. Stipulae inconspicuae. Phy llodia crasse acicularia, in sectione transversali pentagonalia, 2-6(6. 5) cm longa, 1-1.7 mm lata, versus apices ramorum subconferta, rigida, erecta, pungentia, articulata (subsp. hystrix), vel ramulis continua sine pulvina (subsp. continua). Inllorescentia racemus eximie reductus binatus; axis glaber, quam 0.5 mm brevior. Pcdunculi 5-15 mm longi; bracteae basales pedunculares caducae (subsp. /jyitn'x) vel persistentes (subsp. continua). Florumcapitulaglobularia, 10-13 floribus; bracteolae anguste spathulatae. Sepala libera. Petala 1 .5 mm longa. Legumen oblongum ad anguste 354 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) oblongum, ad 25(30) mm longmn, 3-5 mm latum, deflexum, compressum sed supra semina leviter convexum. Semina longitudinalia ad obliqua, obloideo-ellipsoidea, 2.2-2. 7 mm longa, 1.2-1. 5 mm lata, sublucida, atrobrunnea; arillus albus, unilateraliter dimidium usque totam seminis longitudinem attingens. Typus: 1.5 miles [2.4 km) north of Kulin, Western Australia, 3 August 1970, K. Newbey 3226 (holo: PERTH 00760552; iso: CANB, K, MEL, PERTH 00760560). Dense to mid-dense shrub, rounded to obconic, multi-stemmed, 0.3- 1 ( 1 .8) m tall, normally as broad as or broader than tall, with up to 6 main stems arising from ground level. Bark medium grey. New shoots arising at distal end of minute raceme axis from axil of peduncles. Branchlets terete, greenish to light brown; with yellow, vernicose ribs (resin commonly not present on dry specimens) at extreme apex but soon red-brown, then grey and very obscurely ribbed or ribless, glabrous, marked with slightly raised leaf bases where phyllodes have fallen. Stipules inconspicuous, 0.5-0.7 mm long, commonly slightly thickened and yellowish at base, the dark brown, rather scarious, distal portions normally soon caducous. Phyllodes pentagonal in cross section, 2-6(6.5) cm long, 1-1 .7 mm diam., rather crowded towards ends of branches, articulate and lading upon death in subsp. hystrix, continuous with branches and somewhat persistent following death in subsp. continua, erect, rigid, straight to very slightly curved, frequently slightly kinked in the region of the gland, glabrous, glaucous to subglaucous between nerves; prominently 5-nerved. the nerves raised, yellowish to yellowish green and vernicose on young phyllodes, resin commonly drying whitish on mature phyllodes; narrowed into a rigid, straight, dark brown, subulate cusp 1-2 mm long; pulvinus present (subsp. hystrix) or absent (subsp. continua), c. 1 mm long, slightly depressed, dilated at the base, broadly channelled above (when dry), not prominently wrinkled, yellowish orange but commonly drying light brown. Gland not prominent, situated on adaxial surface of the phyllode between the two adaxial nerves, about or above middle of phyllode (phyllode frequently slightly kinked in the region of the gland), circular to oblong, 0. 2-0.5 mm long, the I ip yellowish or brown and not raised, the orifice shallow, indistinct. Inflorescence an extremely reduced binate raceme; axis less than 0.5 mm long, glabrous, growing out at apex; peduncles 5-15 mm long, rather slender, glabrous; basal peduncular bracts solitary, caducous (subsp. hystrix) or persistent (subsp. continua), 1.5-3 mm long, dark brown, curved, concave, ± auriclcd on lower half, cleft at apex in subsp. continua. Heads globular, 5-6 mm diam. when fresh, 3-4 mm diam. when dry, bright light golden, 10-13-flowcred; bracteoles spathulatc, 1-1.5 mm long, variably hairy abaxially (hairs white, glistening); lamina dark brown, observable between tlowers in mature unexpanded buds, as long as or longer than the claw. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 1/2 length of petals, free to base, narrowly spathulatc, glabrescent to moderately villous abaxially, brown; petals 1.5 mm long, free, abruptly acute, glabrous, very obscurely I -nerved but nerve not apparent when dry; ovary glabrous. Pod oblong to narrowly oblong, to 25(30) mm long, 3-5 mm wide, with up to 9 seeds per pod, declinatc due to abrupt curving of the very short basal stipe, compressed but slightly raised over seeds, normally not constricted between seeds although on some pods a random deep constriction occurs, firmly chartaceous to slightly coriaceous, straight or sometimes very shallowly falcate, variably slightly curved, vety obscuiely openly reticulate, glabrous, brown and sometimes with a very faint bloom, abruptly narrowed at both ends, apically mucronulatc (mucro c. 0.5 mm long, central or excentric); margins narrow, slightly thickened, yellowish to light brown. Seeds longitudinal to oblique, the aril facing adaxial margin (when seeds oblique) or apex of pod (when seeds longitudinal), obloid-ellipsoid to obloid-obovoid, slightly narrowed at hilar end, 2. 2-2. 7 mm long. 1 .2- 1 .5 mm wide, somewhat compressed (c. 0.7 mm thick), somewhat glossy, brown ;p/eMrogra/n very obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end, ai eole 0.4— 0.5 mm long, 0.2— 0.3 mm wide; funicle filiform, 1 — 1.5 mm long, rellexed below and expanded into a ± clavate, wiiite aril which is 2—3 mm long and extends from half to wholly down one side of seed. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 355 Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia from near Kulin east to near Lake Gilmore (south- south-west of Norseman), and as far north as Mt Holland (north-east of Hyden). Etymology. The specific epithet is the Greek word for hedgehog and is in allusion to the straight, rigid, erect, pungent phyllodes which are rather crowded towards the ends of the branchlets. Affinities. Acacia hystrix is a very distinctive species on account of its pungent, rigid, prominently 5-nerved, pentagonal phyllodes, its small heads borne on extremely reduced binate racemes and its small, deflexed pods. According to Ph. Guinct (pers. comm.), the pollen characters clearly place the species in sect. Phyllodineae DC., but within this section I am unable to ascertain a definite close relative. It possibly has some affinities to A. tetanophylla Maslin which differs most obviously in having 7-nerved phyllodes and pods which are not declinate. Key to the subspecies of Acacia hystrix Phyllodes articulate at junction with branchlet; pulvinus yellowish orange (commonly drying brown), dilated at base subsp. hystrix Phyllodes not articulate on branches, decurrent; pulvinus absent subsp. continua Acacia hystrix Maslin subsp. hystrix Shrub 0.3-0. 6 m tall (Royce 6674 given as c. 1 .8 m tall). Phyllodes 2-4.5 cm long, articulate on branches and caducous upon dcaWr, pulvinus present, dilated at base, yellowish orange but commonly drying light brown. Peduncles 5-10 mm long; basal peduncular bracts falling early, not cleft. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: PingaringNature Reserve 23993, 45 km NNE of Lake Grace, K. Atkins 1583 (PERTH); 42.2 miles [67.8 km| W of Kumarl towards Lake King, /?.CM/wn(ng2558(AD,BRI,PERTH); 10.3 kmEofShedTank(32“42'S, 120“51'E),7?.//rtat(Mk 760882 (PERTH); 6.5 km S of Kulin, B.R. Ma.din 3425 (AD, BRI, NY, PERTH); Bremer Range, c. 32°3 1’S, 1 20°44'E, B. R. Ma.slin 5427 and 5427 A (BM, CANB, MEL, MO, NSW, PERTH); 8.5 km E of Rendering on Rendering East Rd. B.R. Maslin 5764 A (PERTH); 66 km S of Southern Cross on road to Hyden, B.R. Maslin 6726 (PERTH); 1 3 km S of Mt Glasse, Bremer Range, K. Newbey 5396 (PERTH); 21 km NNW of Mt Holland, c. 85 km SSE of Southern Cross, K. Newbey 5^05 (PERTH); 9 km SSE of Mt Gibbs, c. 36km ENEofLake King, K. Newbey 65^5 (CANB, K, PERTH); FrankHann National Park,f?.D. Royce 101 88 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia scattered in an area from near Kulin eastwards through the Frank Hann National Park (east-north-east of Lake King) to the area of Mt Glasse in the Bremer Range (cast of Hyden), and north to between Mt Holland and Southern Cross. Habitat. Grows in sand, clay or loam, sometimes with lateritic or quartz nodules in gently undulating country in open scrub or open low woodland with mallee eucalypts. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. 356 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia hystrix suhsp. continua Maslin subsp. nov. Frutex ad 1 m altus et ad 3 m latus. Phyllodia (2.5)3-6(6.5) cm longa, cum ramis continua, emarcida aliquantum persistentia; pulvinus nullus. Pedunculi 7-15 mm longi; bracteae pedunculares basales persistentes, fissae. Typus: north of Salmon Gums [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 24 September 1983, B.R. Maslin 5439 {holo: PERTH 00760544; iso: CANB, K). Shrub to c. 1 m tall and 3 m wide. Phyllodes (2.5)3— 6(6.5) cm long, continuous with branches, somewhat persistent following death; pulvinus absent. Peduncles 7-15 mm long; basal peducular bracts persistent, cleft. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, Nof Salmon Gums [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons] : B.R. Maslin 2462 (CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH); B.R. Maslin 5439A (MEL PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia known only from north of Salmon Gums (where it is reasonably abundant) which is about 60 km east of the closest known occurrence of subsp. hystrix. Habitat. Grows in red-brown clayey loam along a diffuse watercourse, in eucalypt woodland with a dense myrtaceous understorey. Phenology. Flowering recorded in September; mature pods collected in December but the full phonological range has not yet been determined. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority One. Etymology. The subspecitic epithet is from the Latin continuus and refers to the phyllodes which are continuous with the branches (a diagnostic character). Acacia imitans Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex semi-prostratus, 0.3-1 m altus. Ramuli divaricati, spinescentes, teretes, glabri. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodia asymmetrica, oblonga vel late clliptica, mucronulata, 3.5-7 mm longa, 1 .5-2.5 mm lata, glabra; nervi non prommentes; glans marginalis, 0.3-0.5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflore.scentia simplex. Pedunculi 3—4 mm longi, appresso-puberuli; spicabrevitercylindrica, floribus 25-30. Floies 5-meri. Sepala unita, parce puberula. Petala glabra, cnervia. Legu men arete spirale, ad c. 7 mm diam. , 3 mm latum, chartaceum, glabrum. Semina longttudinalia, obloideo- ellipsoidea vel ovoidea, c. 3 mm longa; arillus parvus. Typus: Nmghan Station [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 21 August 1985, B.H. Smith 613 (holo: PERTH 00632341). Dense, intricate, low-domed, semi-prostrate, spreading 0.3-1 m tall, to 3 m wide. Bark grey, smooth or slightly roughened. Branches terete, ribless, glabrous, dividing into numerous, divaricate! short, straight, rigid, spincscent branchlets which (especially with age) are commonly devoid of B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 357 phyllodes. Stipules united, c. 0.5 mm long, ciliolatc, otherwise glabrous, early caducous. Phyllodes asymmetric, arcuatc-oblong or widely elliptic, upper margin straight to shallowly concave, lower margin markedly convex, 3.5-7 mm long, 1 .5-2.5 mm wide, l:w 2-3, thin, not fasciculate, patent to slightly or prominently renexed, glabrous, subglaucous; midrib not prominent, excentric (slightly towards upper margin), nerve on adaxial margin bifurcating near gland; lateral nerves not prominent, ascending and anastomosing near margins; excentrically mucronulate, mucro 0.2-0. 3 mm long, brown, upturned; base unequal; pulvinus terete, 0.5 mm long, yellow, finely transversely wrinkled when dry. G/anr/ situated on adaxial margin 0.3-0.5 mm above pulvinus, circular, minute, 0. 1-0.2 mm diam. Inflorescences 1 per node, sometimes inserted with vegetative bud on a minute common axis < 0.5 mm long; peduncles 3-4 mm long, antrorsely apprcsscd-puberulous; basal bract solitary, widely ovate, c. 0.5 mm long, thickened at base. Spikes obloid to shortly cylindrical, 6-8 mm long and 4-5 mm wide at anthesis (dry), probably golden, 25-30-flowered; bracteoles peltate, those at base of spike±sessile,otherwiseclaws linear and c. 0.5 mmlong;laminacirculartoreniform,0.5-0.7 mm wide, ciliolate otherwise glabrous. Flowers 5-merous; calyx c. 1/2 length of corolla, divided to 1/4-1/2 its length into broadly triangular or oblong lobes, sparsely puberulous; /?era/i- 1-1.2 mm long, free almost to ba.se, glabrous, nerveless. Pod tightly coiled as in Medicago, to c. 7 mm long (unexpanded), 3 mm wide, firmly chartaceous; glabrous, dark red-brown. Seeds (old crop retained in pod), longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid to ovoid, 3 mm long, 2 mm wide, 1 mm thick, dull, dark brown;/Mmc/e filiform; aril 0.6-0.8 mm long, obliquely placed at end of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA [ precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: SW ofPaynesFind, //. Covenyl9 W&iB.R. Maslin (PERTH; alsoCANB, K, NSW, USbutn. v., distributed as A. kocliii): Ninghan Station, B.R. Maslin 4239 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); Mt Gibson Station, B.R. Maslin 6654 (CANB, K. MEL, PERTH); Ninghan Station, K. Newbey 2010 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia on Ninghan and Mt Gibson Stations, south of Paynes Find. The area has not been well surveyed botanically. and the species is likely to be more widely distributed than current collections indicate. Habitat. Grows on slopes in rocky red loam derived from dolerite, in tall shrubland. Flowering period. Flowering recorded in August and September. Only old pods seen. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its superficial resemblance to A. kochii. Affinities. Until now the new species has usually been confused with A. kochii W. Fitzg. ex A.J. Ewart & Jean White which is recorded from the type locality and resembles the new species superficially in its spinescent branchlets, cylindrical spikes and 1 -nerved phyllodes with fine, anastomosing lateral veins. Other characters shared by these two species include their ± ribless, commonly glabrous branchlets, their united sepals and peltate bracteoles. Acacia kochii can be distinguished easily from A. imitans in the following ways: mature phyllodes 10-20 mm long and fasciculate in groups of 2- 8, a patent thorn (modified branchlei) 10-20 mni long associated with most fascicles; peduncles 10-20 mm long; spikes 7-15 mm long (at anthesis, dry); petals c. 2 mm long; pods torulose, to 9 cm long, not tightly spirally coiled; seeds 5 x 3.5 mm; aril ± conical and conspicuous. Patrick 1 850 from NNW of Mt Gibson (PERTH) is more openly branched and has phyllodes 5-9 mm long and peduncles 3— 4 mm long, giving it some resemblance to A. kochii. 358 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia erinacea Benth. also occurs near the type localily and superficially resembles the new species in its habit, spinescent branchlets and small phyllodes. This species is readily distinguished from A. imitans by its globular heads and short, straight, flat oblong pods 7-10 mm wide. Species such as/\. imitans and /f . kachii which combine 1 -nerved phyllodes and spicate inflorescences are rare in Acacia. Such a combination of characters is known in A. dorothea Maiden (New South Wales), /I. lucasii Blakely (New South Wales, Victoria) and A. anomala Court (Western Australia) but these taxa are not closely rclaled to the new species. Notes. The stipules are minute and present only on very young new shoots. They form a subtending sheath on the abaxial side of pulvinus, as in A. leptospennoides (see Maslin 1978: Figure 4F). Acacia iinparilis Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus ad c. 0.7 m alius. Ramuli teretes, puberuli. Stipulae 2-4 mm longae, plerumque persistenles. Phyllodia inaequalitcr obovata ad angusle oblonga, obtusa, subuncinata, 6-13 mm longa, 2-4.5 mm lata, pubescentia vel puberula; costa prominens; nervi laterales absentes; glans marginalis, 2-3 mm supra pul vinam inserta. Inflorescentia simplex. Pedunculi7-10mmlongi,glabri; capitulaglobularia.cremea.floribus 12-15. Flores4-meri. Sepalalibera.ciliolata.ceteraglabra. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen (immaturum) angustum, rectum, ad 5 cm longum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, c. 5 mm longa; arillus conicus. Typus: HamillaFlill, 1 5 km dueeaslofCranbrook, Western Australia, 8 October 1989, B.R. Maslin6?>96 {holo: PERTH 01012673; iso: CANB, K, MEL, PERTH 01012681). Sprawling, spindly shrub to c. 0.7 m tall. Branchlets terete, finely ribbed, puberulous, hairs patent to slightly anlrorse. Stipules linear to narrowly triangular, 2-4 mm long, erect, brown, usually persistent. Phyllodes unequally obovalc to narrowly oblong, 6-16 mm long, 2-4.5 mm wide, l;w 2-4, inclined to erect, shallowly sigmoid, moderately pubescent to sparsely puberulous, hairs ± antrorse and tubercle-based, sparsely to densely vcrruculose; midrib rather prominent, central or situated near lower margin; lateral nerves absent; apex subuncinate, rounded or obliquely narrowed to an excentric mucro, the mucro 0.5—1 mm long, straight, rigid and pungent; pulvinus not prominent, c. 0.5 mm long. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 2-3 mm above pulvinus, inconspicuous, circular, c. 0.2 mm diam. Inflorescences simple, 1 per ax\V,pedunclesl-\Qmm long, slender, glabrous; basal peduncular bract soWinvy, persistent, oblong-triangular, concave, c. 0.5 mm long, ciliolate. otherwise glabrous or puberulous abaxially . dark brown. Heads globular, 1 2— 1 5- flowered, cream to pale yellow; bracteoles 0.7 mm long, resembling sepals. Flowers 4-mcrous; sepals c. 1/2 length of petals, free, spathulate to narrowly spathulate, ciliolate at apex, otherwise glabrous, brown at least at apex (when dry)-, petals c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod (immature) linear, to 5 cm long, 2.5 mm wide, straight to slightly curved, compre.sscd, straight-edged or shallowly constricted between seeds, appressed-puberulous, red-brown, longitudinally nerved. Seeds (immature) longitudinal, obloid, c. 5 mm \ong\funicle filiform, c. I mm long, abruptly expanded into a terminal, conical aril c. 1 .5 mm high. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mt Hamilla [Hamilla Hilll, 14.5 km from Cranbrook along Salt River Rd, E.M. Canning WA/68 6156 (PERTH, also CBG n.v.); ?Talyuberlup Peak, Stirling Range,/?./ Cumming955 (PERTH); SW slope of Talyubcriup Peak,/?./ Gumming 1015 (PERTH); Hamilla Hill, 15 km due E of Cranbrook, B.R. Maslin 6395 (PERTH). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 359 Distribution. Occurs in Ihe south-west of Western Australia, on Hamilla Hill and Talyuberlup Peak in the Stirling Range National Park. Habitat. Grows on rocky hills in open or closed mallee scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded in early October and late November; mature pods not seen. The paucity of collections makes the determination ol I lowering and fruiting phenology difficult to assess. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specilic epithet is Irom the Latin imparilis (unequal), in reference to the inaequilateral phyllode margins which produce an asymmetric phyllode shape. Affinities. The precise al linilies of this new species are unknown. Its phyllodes resemble some variants of A. /eroemr Maiden (which also occurs in the Stirling Range), a species readily distinguished from A. imparilis by its numerous spinescent branchlcts,5-merous flowers, gamosepalous calyx and strongly arcuate to lew-coiled pods, burthermore, the inllorescence structure in A. ferocior sets it apart from A. imparilis. In A. ferocior the solitary peduncles are inserted on a minute raceme axis, the axis is subtended by two small bracts and the peduncle by a larger (commonly cleft) bract. In A. imparilis no raceme axis develops. These inllorescence structures, although small, are considered taxonomically important in subg. Phyllodineae. The phyllodes of A. imparilis sometimes resemble those of A. huegelii Benth. Furthermore, both species have globular, cream heads, axillary peduncles with a solitary basal bract, long stipules, longitudinally nerved pods and longitudinal .seeds with a terminal, conical aril. However, A. huegelii differs significantly from the new species in its5-mcrous Bowers which lack a calyx (asepalous flowers arc most unusual in Acacia), ll is I urther distinguished by its 20—30 flowers per head, 1 -nerved petals and phyllodes with the midrib intersecting the upper margin below the prominent cusp (not running into the cusp as in A. imparilis). Acacia improcera Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex eflusus 15-40 cm altus. Ramuli teretes, spinescentes, striati, hirtelli. Stipulae 0.5-1 mm longae, persistentes. Phyllodia oblique ovala ad clliptica vcl obovata, acuta, apiculata, 3-6 mm longa, 1. 5-3.5 mm lata, hirtella; costa vix prominens; nervi laterales absentes vel pauci, obscuri; glans obscura, marginalis, 0.2-0.6 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus, capitulo 1 . Pedunculi 2.5-4 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia, aurea, floribus 9-1 1. Flores 5-meri. Sepala unita, lobis ciliolatis. cetera glabra. Pelala glabra, enervia. Legumen curvatum, inter semina constrictum, ad 3 cm longum, c. 4 mm latum, chartaceum ad coriaceum,glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea, c. 3 mm longa, nitentia; arillus porcatus. Typus: Fields Rd, I 1 km north of Rolland Rd, c. 50 km due east-north-east of Grass Patch, Western Australia, 14 August 1 985. B.R. Ma.siin 5794 (liolo: PERTH 00776890; iso: K). Spreading, mid-dense sliritb 15-40 cm tall, to 80 cm wide, dividing at ground level into c. 6 spreading to erect main stems. Branches terete, striate, white-waxy between the fine ribs, hirtellous dividing into numerous, short, straight, rigid, patent to inclined, spinescent branchlets. Stipules triangular, 0.5-1 mm long, very dark brown, ± persistent. Phyllodes obliquely ovate to elliptic or 360 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) obovate, 3-6 mm long, 1. 5-3.5 mm wide, l:w 1.5-2. 5, slightly thickened, hirtellous, green (purplish when young); midrib commonly scarcely prominent, central or slightly towards lower margin, extending from pulvinus to apiculum, sometimes a second, less prominent, longitudinal nerve diverging from the pulvinus; lateral nerves absent or few and obscure; apex obliquely narrowed into a short, acute, slightly recurved apiculum; pulvinus c. 0.5 mm long, terete. Gland insignificant, on upper margin of phy llode 0.2-0.6 mm above pulvinus, circular or oblong, c. 0.2 mm wide. Inflorescence 1 per node, an extremely reduced I -headed raceme; axis less than 0.5 mm long, subtended by 2 ± triangular, sessile brown bracts 0.2-0.3 mm long and 0.3-0.5 mm wide; peduncles 2.5-4 mm long, glabrous, recurved at base when in fruit; basal peuncular bract solitary, c. 1 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, concave, cleft, fimbriolatc otherwise glabrous, dark brown, persistent. Heads globular, light golden, 5-6 mm diam. (fresh), c. 4 mm diam (dry), 9-1 1 -flowered; bracteoles c. 1 mm long, concave, ciliolate, otherwise glabrous or sparsely hairy towards the ± acute apex, brown, subsessile. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 1/4-1/3 length of corolla, irregularly dissected to c. 1/2 its length into triangular, ciliolate lobes, the 2 lobes enclosed by the bracteole shorter and less deeply dissected than the 3 on opposite side; tube brown, glabrous; petals c. 1 .5 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pod curved, to 3 cm long, 4 mm wide, rounded over seeds and slightly to prominently constricted between them, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, glabrous, dark purple-brown, margins inrolled on one side. Seeds longitudinal, widely ovoid but obliquely truncate on edge adjacent to aril, 3 mm long, c. 2.5 mm wide, turgid (c. 2 mm thick), shiny, dark brown except yellow-brown tissue enveloping areole and extending to hilum; pleurogram obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole c. 0,5 mm long, c. 0.3 mm wide jimicle filiform, c. 1 .5 mm long, straight, reflexed below the flattened, medially ridged aril which extends c. 3/4 down one side of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: E of Ravensthorpe, K.L BradbyE^ (PERTH); Dempster Rd, 1 km S of Bronzewing Rd, c. 5 km SW of Mt Ridley, B.R. 58 14 (AD, MEL, MEXU, PERTH); Frank Hann National Park, D. Monk 054 (PERTH); 3 miles [4.8 km] SE of Ravensthorpe, K. Newbey 1615 (PERTH); 20 km WSW of Mt Glasse, Bremer Range, K. Newbey 5566 (PERTH); 23 km E of Grass Patch on Logan’s Rd, P. van derMoezel PGV 296 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west oi Western Austral ia in di.scontinuous areas from near Lake King, north-east through Frank Hann National Park to the Bremer Range, east to near Grass Patch and towards Sheoak Hill, and south to near Ravensthorpe. Habitat. Grows in clay, rocky loam or sand, in transition between heath and shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded in July and August; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The specific epithet is from the Latin procerus (very tall) with the prefix im- (contrary), and refers to the species’ small stature. Affinities. Inflorescence and flower characters suggest that A. improcera is related to A. bidentata Benth, and its allies, differing in its phyllode shape (phyllodes of A. bidentata are inequilaterally obovate to obtriangular-obdeltate). Other useful distinguishing characters are its striate, white-waxy branchlets, light-golden, few- flowered heads, curved legumes and bi-coloured seeds. Acacia erinacea Benth. is similar to A. improcera, especially in its spinose branchlets and phyllode shape and size, but is distinguished most readily by its gkbrous branchlets and phyllodes, 12-22-nowered heads and legume morphology. Although A. improcera superficially resembles A, brachyclada W. Fitzg. in B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 361 phyllode shape and size the two are not closely related. Acacia brachyclada differs significantly from A. improcera in its resinous branchlets, ebracteate peduncle bases, free sepals, coiled pods and black seeds with aril folded at one end. Acacia insolita E. Fritz., Hot. Jahrb. Syst. 35: 310, fig. 36 (1904). Type: Darling Range, Western Australia, August 1901, E. Pritzel 1013 (lecto: K, fide B.R. Maslin, Nuytsia 2: 362 (1979); isolecto: A, AD, E, G-DC, K, LY, M, MO, NSW, PR, US, W, Z); near Greenbushes, Western Australia, [1901], L. Diels 3835 (paralecto: n.v.)- Affinities. The taxonomic position of this dwarf species from the forest region of south-west Western Australia is somewhat obscure. It was originally placed in series Pulchellae Benth. and retained there even though it has no close relatives in the group (Maslin 1975). Subsequent work by Guinet (1986) on its pollen, seed and seedling characters suggested its retention in this series. Morphology. Acacia insolita is an unusual .species in that, except for subsp. efoliolata, the mature plants retain their juvenile bipinnate foliage. The inflorescences commonly occur singly in the axils of phyllodes towards the ends of the branchlets; only infrequently do they arise in the axils of the uppermost bipinnate leaves. Occasionally, typical axillary racemes develop, but false, terminal racemes (resulting from phyllode suppression) are more frequent. Variation. Since my 1975 revision of the Pulchellae (Maslin 1975), specimens of two new taxa from the wheatbelt region have come to my attention. One of these has foliage very similar to A. insolita as originally defined (except that its pinnules arc involute and recurved) while the other commonly lacks the basal bipinnate foliage on mature plants. Based on their phyllode, inflorescence and pod characters these two taxa are regarded as subspecies of A. insolita. Key to subspecies of Acacia insolita 1 Bipinnate leaves conspicuous, persistent on mature plants; phyllodes 1-6 cm long 2 Pinnules flat, green to grey-green subsp. insolita 2. Pinnules concave, often conduplicate when dry, recurved, ±glaucous subsp. recurva 1 . Bipinnate leaves absent or very few at base of stems on mature plants; phyllodes (2)3-9(15) cm long subsp. efoliolata Acacia insolita E. Pritz. subsp. insolita Shrub 0.3-0. 6 cm high. Stems glabrous or pilose, or sometimes the ribs minutely hairy when very young. Bipinnate leaves persistent and conspicuous on mature plants; pinna rachis 2-3 cm long; pinnules 5-12 pairs, flat, green to grey-green. Phyllodes 2-6 cm long, 0.5-2 mm wide, flat; midrib prominent. T/ower/^eat/.s’ creamy yellow to golden. Pods 6-7 mm wide, the reticulum obvious (x 10 mag.). Seeds transverse to oblique, spherical to ellipsoid or obloid. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Contine Hill, Dryandra State Forest, G.J. ATe/g/jery 9326 (PERTH); 1 1.2kmEofDonnybrookonroadtoCollie,S./?. Ma^/m615(AD,MEL, NSW, PERTH); Nannup, G.S. McCutcheon 593 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the Darling Range from Dwellingup and Marradong south to Nannup and north of Tonebridge, also in the Popanyinning-Narrogin area in the adjacent wheatbelt. 362 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No, 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in laterite, mainly in eucalypt forest or woodland. Conservation status. Nol under ihreat. Acacia insolita subsp. efoliolata Maslin, subsp. nov. Folia bipinnata absentia vcl pauca ad basin ramulorum; pinnae 5-10 mm longae; parapinnulorum 2 vel 3, subglauca. Phyllodia 3-9 cm longa, 1-4 mm lata, plana; costa prominens. Legumen 4-7 mm latum, nervatione obscura. Semina longitudinalia. Typus: Pingelly Microwave Repeater Station, Western Australia, 6 August 1981, B.R. Maslin 5044 {holo: PERTH 00168920; iso: CANS, K, NY, PERTH 00616249). Multi-stemmed subshrub 0.4-0.7 m tall with slender, green or dark reddish stems, usually erect but sometimes scrambling through associated low vegetation. Differs from subsp. insolita chiefly as follows. Stems glabrous or occasionally sparsely apprcsscd-puberulous towards base. Bipinnate leaves (on mature plants) absent or rarely a few at base of stems; pinnae 5-10 mm long; pinnules 2 or 3 pairs, subglaucous. Phyllodes (2)3-9(15) cm long, 1-4 mm wide (rarely to 9 mm); lower phyllodes usually longer than upper ones, flat with a prominent midrib, sometimes ± quadrangular when very narrow. Heads mid-golden. Pod 4-7 mm wide; reticulum obscure. Seeds longitudinal, cubical to obloid or obloid-ellipsoid. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Tuttaning Reserve, SE of Pingelly, A.S. GeorgelSl \ (PERTH); Pingelly Microwave Repeater Station, A. 5. George 1461 1 (AD, PERTH); Wandoo Conservation Park, Aug. 1 988, D. Lamont s.n. (PERTH 00921270); Horne Nature Reserve, 14 km SE of Brookton. B.7. Lepschi BJL 2873 & T.R. tally (AD, CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH); Pingelly Microwave Repeater Station. B.R. Maslin 5044A (K, PERTH) and 5044B (PERTH); Pingelly Microwave Repealer Station Reserve, D. Papenfus DP 1 04 (PERTH); Pingelly Microwave Repeater Station, N of Pingelly, 7 & 8 Aug. 1980, K. Wallace s.n. (BRI, MEL, NSW, PERTH 00168475). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, restricted to the western wheatbelt at Wandoo Reserve (c. 65 km north-west of Brookton) through Brookton and south to Tuttaning Reserve (c. 25 km south-east of Pingelly). Habitat. Grows in loam or clay on laterite hills in dense sandplain scrub or Wandoo woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded in July and August; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the CsXmfoliatus (provided with leaves) with the prefix e- (without, lacking), in reference to the typical absence of bipinnate leaves in the subspecies. Variation. One specimen from Tuttaning Reserve (J. Kelsall 45, PERTH), is atypical in having the lower phyllodes up to 9 mm wide. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 363 Notes. Because of its non-persistent bipinnate foliage this subspecies is often not readily recognized as belonging to A. insolita. It is sometimes confused with A. flagelliformis Court which has racemose inflorescences, 6-9-flowered heads, a nerveless corolla and no bracteoles. Acacia insolita subsp. recurva Maslin, subsp. nov. Foliorum bipinnatorum pinnulae vadose concavae (exsiccatae conduplicatae), recurvae, glaucae. Phyllodia 10-30 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, crassa; costa non prominens. Legumen 5-6 mm latum. Semina transversalia. Typus: East Yornaning Nature Reserve, Western Australia [precise locality witheld for conservation reasons], 4 September 1 986, K.J. Atkins 8609 1 (holo: PERTH 0077599 1 ; iso: CANB, K). Shrub 0.6-1. 2 m tall, dividing at ground level into many slender, spreading to erect branches. Differs from subsp. insolita chielfy in the following ways. Stems pubescent, glabrescent. Pinnules shallowly concave but commonly conduplicate when dry, recurved, ± glaucous. Phyllodes 1 0-30 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, flat to compressed, thick, midrib not prominent (seemingly ab.sent on very narrow phyllodes which instead have a shallow medial groove running their entire length). Heads apparently golden. Pod 5-6 mm wide. Seeds transverse, cubic to obloid. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all from East Yornaning Nature Reserve [precise localities witheld for conservation reasons]; K. Atkins 98404 (PERTH); 15 Nov. 1986, K. Atkins s.n. (CANB, PERTH 00798134); 17 Dec. 1986, K. Atkins s.n. (K, PERTH 00798126); B.R. Maslin 6322 (G, MEL, NSW, PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 160 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known only from East Yornaning Nature Reserve. Habitat. Grows in stony sandy clay on laterite ridge in low Eucalyptus wandoo woodland with tall Dryandra sessilis. Phenology. The few specimens to hand show the flowering period as ending in early September and pods with mature seeds present in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the Latin recurvus, in reference to the pinnules. Acacia lanceolata Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex aculeatus ad 1 m altus. Ramuli divaricati, teretes, spinescentes, hirtelli vel pilosi. Stipulae 1.5-2 mm longae, caducae vel persistentes. Phyllodia inaequaliter vel dimidiate lanceolata vel anguste elliptica, pungentia, 7-13 mm longa, 1 .5-4 mm lata, glabra vel parce hirsutella; costa centralis vel versus margmem abaxialem inserta; glans absens, vel marginalis, 4-7 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racenius rcductus capitulo 1 . Pedunculi 3-8 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia vel oblongoidea, aurea, floribus 20-23. Flores 5-meri. Sepala unita, lobis ciliolatis, cetera glabra. Petala glabra, lenuiter 1-nervia. Legumen spiralia, moniliformia, ad 17 mm longum. c. 10 mm latum, chartacea, glabra. Semina longitudinaha, obloideo-cllipsoidea, c. 4 mm longa; arillus clavatus. 364 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Typus: Three Springs, Western Australia, September 1940, W.E. Blackall 4881 {holo- PERTH 01167162; iso: PERTH 00 1 0694 1 ). Harsh shrub to 1 m tall, open or sub-open, craggy, spreading, single-stemmed or with 2 or 3 main stems arising from ground level, much-branched in upper 1/2 of plant; branches ending in numerous short, straight, divaricate, somewhat spinescent branchlets. Bark medium grey, smooth or slightly roughened e,xtending to branchlets. New s'/too/.y commonly initiated at anthesis, brick red when young. Branchletsterete, apically obscurely ribbed, moderately hirtcllous to densely shortly pilose (hairs soft, patent, ± straight. 0.2 -0.5 mm long, normally tubercle-based), slightly to moderately prumose at extremities (pruinosity commonly obscured when the indumentum is dense), indumentum commonly sparser and pruinosity absent on mature branchlets. Stipules caducous or persistent, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, 1,5-2 mm long, scarious, glabrous or sparsely ciliolate, dark brown, conspicuous on very young new shoots where those at (he base are connate. Phyllodes inaequilateral and commonly dimidiate, 7-15 mm long, 1 .5—4 mm wide, l;w 2—6, (upper margin slightly angled at the gland and more convex than the straight to very shallowly sigmoid or very shallowly convex lower margin), lanceolate to sometimes narrowly elliptic, acuminate, broadest at or below middle and tapering to a straight, ligid, subulate, slender, dark brown cusp which is 1 — 1,5 mm long, rigid, patent to inclined, straight to very slightly recurved-arcuate, flat, glabrous to sparsely hirsutellous (indumentum as on branchlets but hairs shorter, sparser and frequently somewhat antrorse), medium to dark green, base unequal; ner\>e central or slightly closer to lower margin, extending from pulvinus to cusp, slightly raised when dry, either pale yellow or more normally the same colour as the lamina and sometimes with a tew minor lateral nerves diverging from it. minor nerves (arising at pulvinus) obscure to very obscure and commonly slightly anastomosing, normally with 1 minor nerve on lower side of principal nerve and extending almost to the cusp, normally 2 minor nerves on upper side of principal nerve with 1 extending to the gland and the other almost to the cusp; margins not thickened; pulvinus 0.3-0.5 mm long, yellow, slightly dilated at base. Gland sometimes absent from some phyllodes, obliquely situated on upper margin (which is usually slightly angled at the gland) near middle of phyllode (4-7 mm above pulvinus), circular, 0.2— 0.3 mm diam. Inflorescence 1 per node, an extremely reduced 1-hcadcd raceme; axis less than 0.5 mm long, commonly growing out at anthesis, 2 bracts at base of axis persistent, very widely ovate, c. 0.8 mm long, concave, thickened and yellowish on lower 1/2, dark brown on upper 1 /2, minutely fimbriate otherwise glabrous; peduncles 3-8 mm long, glabrous to glabresccnt, recurved in fruit: basal peduncular bracts persistent, 2, free or occasionally joined for c. 1/4 their length, asymmetrically triangular, c. 1.5 mm long (clearly exceeding the 2 smaller inflorescence bracts), dark brown, scarious, shallowly concave, minutely fimbriate in part, otherwise glabrous, sessile, //ca*- globular to shortly obloid, 5-6 mm long (when dry), 20-23-nowered, golden; bracteoles scarious, the claw c. 0.5 mm long and wide, expanded into ovate to very widely ovate, concave, inflexed, brown, rounded or sometimes very shortly acuminate lamina 1-1.5 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, glabrous or glabresccnt except minutely fimbriate margins. Flowers 5-merous; calyx c. 1/2 length of corolla, gamosepalous, membranous, divided for I/5-1/4 its length into oblong and rounded or broadly triangular, moderately inllexed, minutely ciliolate lobes; calyx tube glabrous to glabresccnt; petals 1 .5-2 mm long, connate for c. 1/2 their length, oblanceolate, abruptly narrowed and inflexed at apex, glabrous, rather finely 1 -nerved. Pod rather tightly and a little irregularly coiled and ± moniliform, to 1 7 mm long anti 1 0 mm wide in contorted state, valves 4 mm wide across seeds, with up to 10 seeds per pod, declinate due to fruiting peduncles recurved at base, firmly chartaceous,' not reticulate, glabrous, light brown, abruptly narrowed at both ends; margins hardly thickened Seeds (spirit material) longitudinal and facing apex of pod, obloid-ellipsoid but obliquely truncate along margin adjacent to aril, c. 4 mm long and 2.5 mm wide, turgid (2 mm thick); pleurof; ram U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole c. 0.5 mm long and 0.3 mm widcjunicle c: 2 mm long and ± filiform, rellexed below and expanded into a clavate aril which is laterally positioned (facing adaxial suture) and extending c. 2/3 down one side of the seed. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 365 Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 1 5.5 miles [24.8 km] from Mingenew on road to Morawa, LB. Annitage 344 (PERTH); 6.9 miles [1 1 km| N of Three Springs towards Mingenew, R. Gumming 2158 (PERTH); 6 miles [9.6 km) N ofThrce Springs, B.R. Maslin 55 (PERTH); 1 1 km N of Three Springs on The Midlands Kd,B.R. Maslin 5487 (BRI, K, PERTH); about 24 km E of Mingenew, on ‘Ebano’ farm, B.R. Maslin 6242 (PERTH) 26.5 km E of Mingenew on road to Morawa, B.R. Maslin 6244 (PERTH); 6 km due NE of Arrino, Simpson Rd, 1.6 km E of Dudawa Rd, B.R. Maslin 6589 (PERTH); Mingencw-Morawa road at 4.9 km E of intersection with road from Yandanooka, S. Patrick SP 1916 (fe A. Brown (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs i n the south-west ol Western Australia, restricted in the northern central wheatbelt to the Three Springs-Mingencw area. Habitat. Grows in loam on low, lateritic hills in eucalypt woodland ov Allocasuarina tall shrubland with sclerophyllous understorcy. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in late November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. From the Latin lanceolatus (lance-shaped) in reference to the typical phyllode shape. Affinities. Acacia lanceolatu is member of the A. pravifolia group ffide Maslin, in press) and is closely related to A. amblygona A. Cunn. ex Benth., which has non-spinose, non-pruinose branchlets, phyllodes with the midrib near the lower margin and the gland closer to the base, and curved to openly coiled pods. Note. Judging from an un-numbered specimen collected by W.V. Fitzgerald from Arrino which is lodged at herb. NSW, it is probable that the taxon described as A. scabra Benth. by Fitzgerald (1904: 47) is in fact A. lanceolata. Acacia laricinaMeisn. in J.G.C. Lehmann, PI. Preiss. 1:6(1 844). Type: interiorof south-west Western Australia, October 1 840, L. Preiss913 (lecto: NY,/We B.R. Maslin & R.S. Cowan 1994a: 407; isolecto: C, FI, G, GOET, HBG, L, LD, M, MEL, P, PERTH 02484595 - fragment ex MEL, STR). Dense, spreading, ± domed shrub, normally to c. 0.5 m tall and 0.6-0.9 m wide, the peripheral branches prostrate or almost so. Branches sparingly divided, slender or thick, terete, apically densely amrorsely pubescent to tomentose, variably pruinose. Stipules narrowly triangular to setaceous, erect, 3-6 mm long, ultimately falling. Phyllodes continuous with branch but not forming a cauline wing, linear, 5-gonous (i.c. pentagonal with a prominent nerve along each angle but sulcate between nerves when dry), 1. 5-4(5) cm long, 0,7-1. 7 mm wide, rather rigid and crowded, ascending, straight to shallowly incurved or recurved, glabrous to sparsely puberulous, asymmetrically narrowed (either gradually or abruptly) into a rigid cusp. Inflorescence simple; peduncles solitary, (3)7-20 mm long, antrorscly pubescent. Heads globular, very pale yellow, 17-30-flowered. Flowers 5-merous; sepals united for I/3-I/2 their length; petals l-ncrvcd or nerveless. Pod terete to subterete, constricted or not between seeds, to 4.5 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, coarsely striate, red-brown. Seeds (seen only for var, laricina) longitudinal, obloid to obloid-ellipsoid, 3.5-4 mm long, 2. 3-2. 7 mm wide, brown, subshiny, pusticulate; aril ± conical. 366 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia between Dumbleyung, Frankland (c. 60 km north-west of Mount Barker) and near the Oldfield River (c. 40 km cast of Ravensthorpe). Affinities. Acacia laricina is closely related to A. cedroides Howard ex Benth. which is readily distinguished by its verticillatc phyllodes. It is also related to A. rliamphophylla, and its phyllodes sometimes resemble those of /\. barbinen’is subsp. borealis and A. ataxiphylla subsp. ataxiphylla (see under these three taxa elsewhere in this paper for discussion of differences). Varieties. Because indi vid uals from the Ravensthorpe Range area, compared to those found elsewhere, are somewhat larger and coarser in vegetative features but diminutive in certain floral and pod attributes, it seems appropriate to recognise two varieties within the species. Two specimens collected from the area between the ranges of the two varieties seem intermediate in some characters. The two specimens are: 2.5 km NNW of Pabelup Lake, Fitzgerald River National Park, K. Newbey 3882 (PERTH); between Lake Magenta and the Jerramungup-Ravensthorpe road, M.H. Simmons 660 (PERTH). Key to varieties of Acacia laricina Phyllodes smooth, shallowly recurved; peduncle 10-20 mm long; pods c. 4 mm wide var. laricina Phyllodes scabridulous, straight to shallowly incurved; peduncles mostly 3-10 mm long; pods c. 2 mm wide var. crassifolia Acacia laricina Mcisn. var. laricina Branches rathcrslender. Phyllodes rather slender, 1 5-35(50) mm long, 0.7-1 ( 1 .5) mm wide, mostly shallowly recurved, smooth, glabrous or with a sprinkling of hairs, abruptly narrowed into a slender cusp. Peduncles \G~2Q mm \Qng. //ead.s 20-30-110 wered. Pera A 1 -nerved. Pot/ to 4.5 cm long, c. 4 mm wide, normally constricted between seeds. Seeds as in species description. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Pingrup-Borden road, 130 km N of Albany, A.M. Ashby 5090 (AD, PERTH); between Dumbleyung and Lake Grace, W.E. Blackall 3161 (PERTH); 22.7 km due SE of Muckinwobert Rock, M.A. Biirgman MAB2707 & S. McNee (PERTH); 57 km from Albany towards Borden on Chester Pass Rd, E.M. Canning WA/68 6826 (CANB, PERTH); E side of Cranbrook, R.J. Cumming 1 036 (PERTH); S of Red Gum Pass, A.S. George 6473 (PERTH); 46 km S of Kojonup towards Rocky Gully, B.R. Maslin 3994 (MEL, PERTH); 13 miles [20.8 kmj NW of Ongerup, K. Newbey 3016 (PERTH); 10 miles [16 km] S of Tunney, R.D. Royce 8062 (PERTH); Cranbrook, / Slater SA (K, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia scattered throughout the south-central wheatbelt from near Dumbleyung south to Frankland and east to near Ravensthorpe including the Stirling Range and Fitzgerald River National Parks and Dunn Rock Nature Reserve. Habitat. Usually grows on gravelly sand in eucalypt woodland or low shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from September to December; mature pods collected in October and also in December when the specimen has been in flower. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 367 Conservation status. Not under threat. Variation. A variant Irom near the Oldfield River, c. 40 km east of Ravensthorpe, is characterized by rather thick phyllodes ( 1 .5 mm wide) and up to 5 cm long, e.g. 22.7 km due SE of Muckinwobert Rock, M.A.Burgman 2707 & S.McNee (PERTH). Acacia laricina var. crassifolia Maslin, var. nov. A varietate typica imprimis characteribus sequentibus differt: Rami principales crassi. Phyllodia crassa, grossa, 2. 8-4. 2 cm longa, 1-1.7 mm lata, recta ad levissime incurva, laevia vel scabridula, in cuspidem rigidam subsensim attenuata. Pedunculi 7-10 mm, raro 3 mm, longi. Capitula 17-21-flora. Petala enervia. Legumen (valvae delapsae tantum visae) ad 3 cm longum, 2 mm latum, inter semina non constrictum. Semina non visa. Typus: Mt Desmond, 9.8 km south [east] of Ravensthorpe, Western Australia, 9 October 1975, B.R. Maslin 3902 (holo: PERTH 00762121 ; iso: CANB). Differs from the typical variety principally in the following ways. Main branches thick. Phyllodes thick, coarse, 28—42 mm long, 1-1.7 mm wide, straight to very shallowly incurved, scabridulous, glabrous to sparsely puberu lous, rather gradually narrowed into a rigid cusp. Peduncles 1- 1 0 mm long, rarely 3 mm. Heads 17-21 -flowered. EetaA nerveless. Pod (only dehisced valves seen) to 3 cm long, 2 mm wide, not constricted between seeds. Seeds not seen. Selected .specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: E of Kundip, K.L Bradby 87 (PERTH); Mt Desmond, C.A. Gardner 1 3693 (PERTH); Mt Short, N of Ravensthorpe, A.S. George 57 1 3 (PERTH); Ravensthorpe Range, near Kundip, c. 18 km S of Ravensthorpe, B.R. Maslin 4783 (PERTH); Ravensthorpe Range, 2 km NE of Kundip, K. Newhey 9525A- 1 (MELU, PERTH); Kundip mine Rd,' (S of Ravensthorpe), M.H. Simmons 1 374 (PERTH). Distribution. Occuis in the south-west ol Western Australia, restricted to the Ravensthorpe Range where it occurs from Mt Short south to Kundip. Habitat. Grows in well-drained loamy sand or sand over clay on rocky ridges in open shrub mallee or very open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded from September to November; dehisced pods have been collected early December. Conservation status. CALM Consei vation Codes lor NVestern Australian Flora: Priority Two Etymology. The varietal epithet is derived from the Latin cra.WM.vfthick) and folium (a leaf), in reference to the coarse phyllodes which distinguish the variety from var. laricina. Acacia leptalea Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 2 m altus. Ramuli teretes, pilosi, Stipulac 0. Phyllodia conferta, terctia vel parum compressa, oblique oblusa sed minute mucronata, 5-8 mm longa, 0.3-0.4 mm lata, parce pilosa; nervation obscura;glan.sutvideturabsens. Inflore.scentiaraccmusreductuscapitulis 1 vel 2. Pedunculi 368 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) 3-4 mm long), pubeiuli; capitula globularia, flonbus c. 25. Flores 5-meri. Sepala unita, puberula. Petala appresso-puberula, enervia. Legumen anguste oblongum, ad 25 mm longum, 4-5 mm latum, chartaceum vel coriaceum, pilosum, parum viscidum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea, 3-3.5 mm longa, ± nitentia; arillus clavalus. Typus: Nyabing area {precise locality withheld lor conservation reasons], Western Australia, 21 July 1 989, H.R. Maslin 6349 & V. Maslin {holo: PERTH 01001 027; iso: BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW,NY,Z). Dense, rounded shrub 0.5-2 m tall, to about 2 m across, branching at ground level Bark dark grey, roughened towards base of main stems, otherwise smooth. Branchlets terete, very obscurely ribbed, shortly pilose, the raised leaf bases prominent on older parts where phyllodes have fallen. Stipules absent. Phyllodes terete or si ightly compressed, 5-8 mm long, 0.3-0.4 mm wide, rather crowded, some sub-verticillate (although commonly obliquely so), some scattered, patent (except erect on new shoots), ± straight or sometimes slightly recurved, slender, very finely wrinkled when dry, glabrous or sparsely pilose; nervature superficially not disccrnable; apex obliquely narrowed to a minute yet distinct excentric mucro; pulvinus minute {c. 0.3 mm long) yet distinct (at ' 1 0 mag.). seemingly absent. Inflorescence an extremely reduced, l(2)-headed raceme; axis 0.5-1 mm long, ebracteate at base, terminated by a vegetative bud; peduncles 3-4 mm long, densely puberulous, hairs pale yellow; basal peduncular bract solitary, persistent, scarious, c. 1 mm long, glabrous, light brown. Heads globular to very slightly obloid, 4 mm diam. (dry), 25-flowered, golden; bracteoles c. 2 mm long, acuminate and slightly exserted in mature buds; ba.se auriculate, puberulous, otherwise ± glabrous; claw c. 0.5 mm long. Flowers 5onerous; calyx 3/5 length of corolla, gamosepalous, dissected for 1/4-1/2 its length, densely puberulous; hairs pale yellow except silvery at apices of lobes; petals 1 .5-2 mm long, free, nerves not evident, appressed-puberulous on upper 1/3-1/2 with pale yellow hairs, or glabrous. Pod narrowly oblong, to 25 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, sparsely to moderately pilose with pale yellow or white hairs, slightly viscid, brown; dehisced valves curved to sigmoid. Seeds longitudinal, ovoid, 3-3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, compressed ( 1 mm thick), brown, moderately shiny; pleurogram very obscure, open at hilar end; areole c. 1 mm long, 0.5 mm \N\d&\ funicle not seen; aril subterminal, ± clavate, c. 2 mm long, extending 1/3-1/2 down one side of seed. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, Nyabing area [precise localities witheld for conservation reasons); M.S. Graham 245 (PERTH); B.R. Maslin 6350 (PERTH); K. Newbey 3399 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known only from the Nyabing area. Habitat. Grows in sand or sandy loam in open mallee woodland with a dense understorcy. Phenology. Elowering recorded for June and July, possibly extending to August. The single fruiting specimen to hand is undated. Consenmtion status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the Greek leptaleos (thin, delicate), in reference to the phyllodes. Common name. Chinocup Wattle. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 369 Affinities. Appears most closely related to A. viscifolia Maiden & Blakely, a member of the A. wilhelmiana group (see Maslin 1990), which is distinguished most readily by its sparse, appressed peduncle indumentum, small bracteoles that are not acuminate or exserted in buds and narrower, glabrous pods; A. viscifolia also normally has appressed branchlet hairs. Acacia lullfitzioruni Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus vel prostratus, 0. 2-0.7 m altus, ad 2 m latus. Ramuli divaricati, teretes, spinescentes, glabri vel minute pubescentes. Stipulae 1-2.5 mm longae, persistentes. Phyllodia interdum ± fasciculata, oblonga ad ciliptica, interdum ovata vel obovata, obtusa, minute mucronulata, 5-10 mm longa, 2-4 mm lata, tenuia; nervi obscuri; glans 1-2 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia simplex. Pedunculi 5-10 mm longi, glabri; capitula globularia vel obloidea, aurea, floribus 15-20. Flores 4- vel 5-meri. Sepala libera, membranacea. Petalaenervia. Legumen teres, curvatum, ad 30 mm longum, c. 2 mm latum, coriaceum vel crustaceum, longitudinaliter reticulatum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, 2.5-3 mm longa; arillus crassus, flavescens. Typus: near Arthur River crossing, Narrogin-Katanning road. Western Australia, 27 August 1975, B. R. Maslin 3761 {holo: PERTH 00174688; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Spreading shrub 0.2-0. 7 m tall and to 2 m wide, commonly forming low-domed, ± prostrate mats. Bark light grey. Branches terete, ribs absent or obscure, glabrous or minutely hairy (hairs spreading to subappressed, 0. 1 -0.3(0.4) mm long, usually antrorsely shallowly curved or hooked), the grey-white epidermiscommonly longitudinally fissured with age, dark red-brown beneath, dividing into numerous, short, ± straight, divaricate, rigid, spinescent branchlets which are sometimes devoid of phyllodes. Stipules nmowly triangular to linear-triangular, 1-2.5 mm long, scarious, straight, brown, persistent. Phyllodes sometimes occurring in ± nodose fascicles of 2-5, commonly oblong to elliptic, sometimes ovate or obovate, commonly some asymmetric with upper margin ± straight and lower margin convex, 5-1 0(1 3) mm long, 2-4(6.5) mm wide, l:w 2-3. 5(4.5), thin, commonly at least a few deflexed,±straight, glabrous or (especially when young) minutely appressed-hairy on margins, green; midrib not prominent; lateral nerves obscure; apex obtuse, often minutely mucronulate, mucro central or excentric; pulvinus c. 0.5 mm long. Gland insignificant, 1-2 mm above pulvinus, 0. 2-0.3 mm long. Inflorescence simple; peduncles 1 or 2 per node, (3)5-10 mm long, glabrous, infrequently with sparse, antrorsely hooked hairs; base ebracteate; bract \ 13-213 along peduncle, subpersistent, ovate to triangular, 0.5-1 mm long, erect, shallowly concave, glabrous. Heads globular to shortly obloid, golden, 3-4.5 mm diam., 15-20-nowered; bracteoles membranous, usually spathulate, c. 1 mm long, glabrous; lamina ovate, concave, acute or obtuse, longer than or equalling the narrowly oblong claws, not or scarcely evident between Bowers in young buds. Flowers 4- or 5-merous, glabrous; sepals 1/2-2/5 length of petals, free, infrequently some irregularly united, narrowly spathulate or narrowly oblong, membranous, diaphanous; petals 1 .5-1.7 mm long, nerveless. For/ terete, scarcely constricted between seeds, to 30 mm long, 2 mm wide, arcuate, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, longitudinally reticulate, glabrous, red-brown; interior of valve with a pale stripe (c. 0.7 mm wide) along midline, marginal nerves narrow, not thickened. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to slightly ellipsoid or ovoid, 2.5-3 mm long, c. 2 mm wide, c. I mm thick, dark brown to black and shiny except centre which is yellowish and dull; pleurograrn obscure, U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole 0.2-0.4 mm long and c. 0.3 mm wide; funicle filiform; aril thick, terminal, yellowish and somewhat convoluted when dry. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; nearCranbrook golf course, A.M.A5toy4609 (AD, K, PERTH); c. 14 miles [22.5 km] N of Badgingarra, A.Y George 612^ (PERTH); nearMortlock River, 9 km SW of Goomalling, A.S. George 1 5742 (PERTH); 3 km W of Kojaneerup Springs Rd from 370 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) QuarderwarderupLake, Stirling Range, G.J. Keighery ( PERTH); 12 miles [19 km] WofOngcrup, a:. A'ewijey 864 (PERTH); 4 km NE of Moir Hill, /Vew/ljej4233 (BRl, CANB, NY, PERTH); Red Gum Pass, Stirling Range, 1 7 Sep. 1 960, L. Steenbohm s.n. (PERTH 00 1 74726); Beaufort River, E. Wittwer W 1548 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west ot Western Australia, mainly from south-west of Arthur River south to near Cranbrook, and east to the eastern boundary of the Stirling Range National Park and Ongerup. Also two populations to the north from near the Mortlock River south-west of Goomalling, and north of Badgingarra. Habitat. Grows in clay, sand or gravelly loam, usually in Wandoo woodland, but also in Acacia acuminata-Allocasuarina tall shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October, one flowering specimen collected in June. The date of collection for the single fruiting specimen seen is unknown. Conser\>ation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The species is named for Fred Lullfitz ( 1 9 1 4- 1 983) and his nephew George Lullfitz, both of whom have been instrumental in popularising the cultivation of Western Australia’s native flora. Cultivation. Recently introduced [as A. congesta] into cultivation by George Lullfitz. Although the species has potential as a ground cover it does not survive well on the deep sandy soil of the Perth metropolitan area. Affinities. This species has until now often been erroneously called A. congesta Benth. This confusion seems to have arisen from the mistaken belief that the unnumbered Drummond collection cited above was the type of A. congesta. The new species is readily distinguished from A. congesta which is a taller shrub (to 2.5 m) with pungent phyllodes and 30—70 flowers per head. Variation. A number of specimens at the southern end of the geographic range of A. lullfitziorum are tentatively referred to this species, but this assemblage requires further study for its full resolution. These specimens are not encompassed by the above description; they differ most obviously from typical representatives of the species in having very few or no short, divaricate spinescent branchlets. Other differences include the following: 1. Peduncles 10-20 mm long, bracteoles slightly exserted in young buds, phyllodes sometimes obviously incurved. Specimens examined (all flowering): south-west Australia, / Drummond s.n. (K, annotated A. scahra by Bcntham) and 34 (MEL); cultivated. Turner, South Australia, W.R. Elliot 1618 (PERTH); 21 km N ol Frankland on Kojonup Rd, A.5. George 15255 (PERTH). 2. Peduncles 35-45 mm long, bracteoles slightly exserted in young buds, phyllodes 15-30 mm long. Specimen examined (in llower): Fairfield Rd, SSW of Katanning, A.5. George 1 1063 (PERTH) 3. Phyllodes 3-6 x 1.5-2 mm, pods (lew seen, slightly immature) rounded over and moderately constricted between seeds, not longitudinally reticulate. Specimens examined: 7 miles [ 1 1 km] S of Toompup, K. Newbey 930 (PERTH, in Hower); 1 1 miles [ 1 7.5 km] SE of Ongerup, K. Newbey 1508 (PERTH, in fruit) and 1794 (PERTH in flower); 25 km SE of Ongerup, K Newbey A3\9 (PERTH, in flower). & / B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 371 Acacia mutabiiis Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 2 m alius et 2.5 m latus. Ramuli teretes, parum flexuosi, glabri vel axillis incanis. Stipulae 0.5-5 mm longae, caducae vel pcrsistentes. Phyllodia plerumque linearia ad oblanceolata, interdum obovata vel anguste oblonga vel elliptica, interdum subteretia vel pentagona, acuta ad obtusa, mucronata, 1.5-6 cm longa, 1-8 mm lata, coriacea, laevia; costa prominens; glans marginalis, 1-15 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inllore-scentia racemus reductus capitulis (1)2(3). Pedunculi 3-18 mm longi, glabri, raro strigulosi; capitulaglobularia, aurea, floribus 1 6-32. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, glabra vel puberula. Pelala glabra, plerumque enervia. Legumen teres, vulgo parum moniliforme, ad 7 cm longum, 2-3 mm latum, coriaceum, glabrum vel parum strigulosum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, 3-4 mm longa; arillus conicus. Typus: eastofScaddan, Western Australia, 7 August 1970, KM. Allan 355 {holo: PERTH 05 1 685 1 1 ; iso.- CANB, K, PERTH 00162264). Shrub 0.3-2 m tall, spreading or domed and to 2. 5(4. 5) m across, single- or multi-stemmed. Bark grey to brownish grey, smooth but sometimes roughened at base of stems. Atewi'/jooti- usually glabrous to subglabrous, sometimes densely appressed-hairy when young (hairs pale yellow and white). Branchlets terete, slightly angled at extremities, obscurely ribbed, usually slightly flexuose, glabrous or more commonly hoary in phyllode axils, rarely sparsely strigulose towards branchlet apices, with short, white, straight, appressed hairs, commonly light brownish at apices but with maturity often invested with a white-grey cortex. Stipules usually triangular to narrowly triangular, 0.5-5 mm long, 0.2-0.7 mm wide, caducous or persistent. Phyllodes variable in shape and size, frequently linear to oblanceolate but ranging to obovale or narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic, (1)1 .5-5.5(6) cm long, 1-8 mm wide (larger on regrowth specimens), l;w 3-30(35), coriaceous, commonly rather thick and somewhat rigid, smooth, rather spreading to erect, straight to incurved or shallowly recurved, flat, infrequently subterete to obtusely pentagonal in T.S., glabrous (except pulvinus), dull or slightly shiny, green or grey-green, sometimes glaucescent in subsp. angustifolia-, midrib prominent when dry, very rarely 1 or 2 minor nerves arising near pulvinus and subparallel to midrib; abaxial margin 1-nerved; adaxial margin 2-ncrved but not thick as in /\. barbinervis, A. unifissilis etc., the nerves frequently coalescing above gland but in subsp. angustifolia remaining separate to apex, rarely joined; 1-nerved on each lateral face;. secondary nerves (diverging from lateral nerves i.e. midrib) absent or obscure; apex: acute to obtuse, mucronalc, the mucro short, hard (commonly coarsely pungent), straight to shallowly incurved and central orexcentric (occasionally lateral to sublateral); 0.5-1 mm long, usually appressed-hairy adaxially. Gland rarely absent, situated 1-15 mm above pulvinus on adaxial margin of phyllode between the 2 nerves and commonly not far below their coalescence, (circular) oblong- elliptic, 0.4-1 mm long, 0.2-0. 5 mm wide, margin sometimes slightly indented. Inflorescences usually extremely reduced racemes with (1)2(3) head; axis < 0.5-1 mm long, commonly terminated by a vegetative bud which occasionally grows out at anlhcsis, sometimes absent; peduncles 3-14(18) mm long, glabrous, occasionally sparsely strigulose, ± patent (sometimes ascending or reclined) in fruit; basal peduncular bract navicular, cucullale, 1-2 mm long, usually caducous, occasionally persisting to anthesis. Heads globular, bright light- to mid-golden, 5-9 mm diam. at anthesis (fresh), 4-5 mm diam. (dry), 16-32-flowcrcd; bracteoles present or absent, linear to narrowly spathulate and resembling sepals, occasionally (subsp. rhynchophylla) spathulate; lamina c. 0.5 mm wide. Flowers 5-merous; sepals free, 1/2-2/5 length of petals, linear to narrowly oblong but usually slightly expanded at apex, subglabrous to moderately puberulous; apex slightly intlexed, acute, sometimes brown; petals 1 .2-2 mm long, glabrous, margi ns sometimes granulose towards apex, nerveless or obscurely 1 -nerved. Pod (not seen for subsp. rhynchophylla) to 7 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, curved to once coiled, terete to subterete, commonly slightly constricted between seeds especially along internal suture, sometimes very ob.scurcly longitudinally nerved, glabrous or sparsely strigulose, black. 372 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) infrequently dark grey-brown, marginal nerve not thickened. Seeds (not seen for subsp. angustifolia or rhynchophylla) longitudinal in pod, obloid, inlrequently ellipsoid, 3—4(5) mm long, 1 .5—2 mm wide, black, shiny; pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end; areole 1-2(3) mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide', funic le filiform, c. 1 mm long, abruptly expanded into a conical, non-convoluted, terminal aril 1 .5-3 mm long that dries white or dull yellow. Distribution. Occurs in south-west and southern Western Australia from Gnowangerup east to the western extremity of South Australia near Eucla. Affinities. Allied most closely with 4. halliana, A. merrallii F. Muell. and 4. nitidula Benth. in the 4. sulcata group (see Cowan & Maslin 1993). Subspecies. Very variable in phyllode morphology with five subspecies recognized, based mostly on phyllode shape and proportions, stipule persistence and peduncle length. Key to subspecies of Acacia mutabilis 1 Phyllodes 1-2 mm wide, subterete to obtusely pentagonal, rarely flat subsp. angustifolia 1. Phyllodes 3-8 mm wide, flat 2 Phyllodes obtuse, excenlrically rostriform (mucro lateral to sublateral) subsp. rhynchopbylla 2. Phyllodes acute or obtuse, often excentrically narrowed at apex but mucro not lateral or sublateral 3 Phyllodes distinctly incurved; gland 1-5 mm above pulvinus; peduncles 3-6 mm long subsp. incurva 3. Phyllodes straight to shallowly recurved, or if shallowly incurved then gland further from pulvinus and/or peduncles longer 4 Stipules persistent, 2-3 mm long, 0.5-0.7 mm wide subsp. stipulifera 4. Stipules caducous or if persistent (rare), then c. 1 mm long and 0.2-0. 3 mm wide subsp. mutabilis Acacia mutabilis Maslin subsp. mutabilis Dense to mid-dense shrub, ± rounded to somewhat obconic, spreading, 0.3-1 .2(2) m tall, 0.4-2 m wide, multi-stemmed or sparingly branched near ground level, rarely single-stemmed. Stipules narrowly triangular, c. I mm long, 0.2-0.3 mm wide, caducous or rarely persistent. Phyllodes usually linear-oblanceolate but ranging to oblanceolate, obovate-oblanceolate or sometimes narrowly oblong- elliptic, acute to obtu.se, mucro straight orslightly incurved, (1)1 .5-5(5.5) cm long, (2)3-5(7) mm wide, l:w (3)5-14, straight to shallowly incurved or shallowly recurved. Gland (3)5-15 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles 5-10(15) mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Nature Reserve A24435, [near] Lake King townsite, K.J. Atkins 1534 (PERTH); 36.7 km ENE of Muckinwobert Rock, M.A. Burgman 2182 & S. McNee (PERTH); 12 km NEof Scaddan, Cox Rd, 3.5 km from junction with Truslove Rd, G. Craig 1650B (PERTH); 1.8 km N of Fisheries Rd on Point Malcolm Rd, 0.4 km N of Tooklejenna Rock, Nuytsland Nature Reserve, G.F. Cm/g 2530 (PERTH); near Scaddan, //.£. Knox 22 (PERTH); c. 20 km due SW of Scaddan, B.R. Maslin 2529 (NY, PERTH); 8 km S of Lake King towards Ravensthorpe, B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 373 B.R. Maslin 3437 (MEL, PERTH); Truslove Reserve (near water reserve c. 0.5 km S of northern boundary of Reserve), e. 1 1 km due NNE of Scaddan, B.R. Maslin 5802 (CANB, PERTH); Dempster Rd, I km S of Bronzewing Rd, c. 5 km due SW of Ml Ridley, B.R. Maslin 5815 (AD, BRI, PERTH); Frank Hann National Park, D. Monk 234 (PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] E of Pingrup, K.R. Newbey 1356D (PERTH); 2kmEofGnowangerup, K. Newhey39m (PERTH);36kmEofLakeKing, K.R. Newbey9An-\ (MELU, PERTH); 26 km NE of Ongerup, K.R. Newbey 95 1 2 (MELU, PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west of Western Australia in a large area from Kondinin and Kulin south to Gnowangerup, east to just beyond Cape Arid National Park and north to Mt Ridley (east of Grass Patch). Habitat. Grows in sand, clay or loam in heath, open shrub or tree mallee and as understorey in open eucalypt woodland, commonly close to salt lakes or marshes, mostly on flat land. Phenology. Flowering recorded From August to October, with one specimen {H.E. Knox 22) collected with flowers in December; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Variation. Phyllodes are very variable in shape and size. Normally they are straight to shallowly incurved, but specimens with shallowly recurved phyllodes occur near Truslove (c. 60 km due north of Esperance) and specimens with unusually short phyllodes occur ea.st of Ravensthorpe and in the Mt Madden-Lake King area (north of Ravensthorpe). Specimens with shallowly incurved phyllodes differ from subsp. incurvu in having longer peduncles and/or the gland farther removed from the pulvinus. Acacia mutabilis subsp. angiistifolia Maslin, subsp. nov. Frutex ad 1 .3 m altus. Stipulac plerumque caducae. Phyllodiaanguste linearia, interdum subteretia vel pentagona, 2-4.5 cm longa, 1-2 mm lata, mucrone recto vel vadose inllexo; glans 7-15 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Pedunculi 5-18 mm longi. Typus: Parmango Rd adjacent to Clyde Hill (which is c. 120 km due north-east of Esperance), Western Australia, 16 August 1985, B.R. Maslin 5824 {holo: PERTH 00756830). Spreading, open to moderately dense shrub 0.3-1 .3 m tall and to 2.5 m diam., single-stemmed or up to c. 6-branched at ground level. Stipules caducous or persistent, narrowly triangular to linear- triangular and 3-5 mm long. Pliylloclesniirrowly linear, 2-4.5(6) cm long, 1-2 mm wide, l:w 1 2-30(35), flat to subterete or obtusely pentagonal in T.S., straight to shallowly incurved, green or glaucescent; adaxial nerves free to apex, liirely coalescing; gland 7-15 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles 5-18 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: about 1 00 m inside Western Australia-South Australia border, near Eucia, N. Beattie 32 ( K, PERTH); 9 km SE of Cascades, M.A. Burgman MAB4536 (PERTH); Twilight Cove, Great Australian Bight, A.S. George 8566 (PERTH); 2.6 km N of Eyre, G.J. Keigheryl922 ( K, MEL, PERTH); c. 1 4 km E of Eucia at Western Australia-South Australia border, Eyre Highway, B.R. Maslin 4814 (PERTH); Parmango Rd adjacent to Clyde Hill, B.R. Maslin 5823 (CANB, MEL, PERTH ) and 5825 ( PERTH); 24 km NNEof Jerramungup, K. Newbey 1 8 (G, K, NSW, NY, PERTH); 3 1 km W ol Ponier Rock, r. 80 km SW of Balladonia Motel, K. Newbey 1624 (PERTH); 374 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) 1 km NofEyre(Nuytsland), Newbey 1 1 482 (PERTH); 1 1 km from Mt Ragged towards Esperance, Cape Arid National Park, / Taylor 1582 & P. Ollerenshaw (AD, MEL, PERTH). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: 3.5 km E of Western Australia-South Australia border [on the Eyre Highway], R.J. Chinnock 3346 (AD, PERTH); 4 km E of Western Australia-South Australia border on the Eyre Highway, M.H. Simmons 1 147 (AD, PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the far south-east of Western Australia and the south-west of South Australia from near Jerramungup (Western Australia) east to Eucla (at the South Australian-Western Australian border) and east into South Australia. Habitat. Grows in calcareous loam or sand with clay, sometimes with limestone nodules, in open low woodland or open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded mainly from August to October with single flowering collections also recorded for May and November; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. Subspecific epithet from the Latin angustus (narrow) and folium (a leaf), in reference to the phyllodes. Affinities. In phyllodc morphology subsp. augustifolia often resembles species such as A. binata Maslin, A. gonophylla, A. maxwelhi Maiden & Blakely , A. pachyphylla Maslin, A. poliochroa E. Pritz. and A. sulcata R. Br, The new subspecies is distinguished from these species by a combination of the following characters: mature branchlets and phyllodes glabrous or if hoary then indumentum confined to phyllode axils; phyllodes 2-4.5 cm long, 5-nerved (but the adaxial 2 sometimes coalescing near middle of phyllode); heads golden; sepals free; pods to 5 cm long, c. 2 mm wide, curved, not undulate. Acacia quinc/uenen’ia(ficc below) also has similarphyllodes (butobviously hairy, at least when young) and normally has densely hairy branchlets, simple inflorescences and mottled seeds. Acacia pinguifolia J.M. Black (South Australia) supcrlicially resembles this subspecies but is distinguished by its thick, fleshy 10-15-ncrved phyllodes that arc conspicuously wrinkled when dry. Variation. Two variants arc recognized that may, upon further study, be shown to be distinct taxa; adequate fruiting material has not been seen lor these variants. In the western part of the range most specimens have persistent stipules and heads (6)7-8 mm diam. at anthesis; this variant includes the type and is especially common around Clyde Hill, c. 110 km north-east of Esperance. Specimens from farther east have mostly caducous stipules and slightly smaller heads (5-6 mm diam. at anthesis); this variant is common neat Eucla. The specimen K.R. Newbey 48 1 8 from 24 km north-north-east of Jerramungup is unusual in that it has caducous stipules and heads 6—7 mm diam.; this locality represents the western extremity of the known range of subsp. augustifolia. Acacia mutabilis subsp. incurva Maslin, subsp. nov. Frutex ad 2 m altus. Stipulac caducac vcl interdum persistentes. Phyllodia lineari-oblanceolata, 30—55 mm longa, 3—4 mm lata, niucrone recto vel vadose inflexo; glans 1—5 mm supra pul vinam inserta. Pedunculi 3-6 mm longi. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 375 Typus: Pingrup area (precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 1 September 1 975, K. Newbey 4774 (hob: PERTH 00 1 75633; iso: CANS, K). Spreading or domed, dense to mid-dense 1.6-2 m tall, 1. 5-2.5 m wide. Stipules c. 2 mmlong and 0.3 mm wide, occasionally persistent. Phyllodes linear-oblanceolate, the mucro straight or shallowly inflexed, (25)30—55 mm long, 3—4 mm wide, l;w 8—13, subdistant, incurved, bright deep green. Gland 1-5 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles 3-6 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, Ongerup area [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: K.R. Newbey 373 (PERTH); K.R. Newbey 3010 (MEL, NSW, PERTH); K.R. Newbey 3010D (PERTH); K.R. Newbey 3803 (AD, BM, BRI, CANB, MEL, MO, NSW, P); D. Papenfus DP 682 (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 684 (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 690 & L Strahan (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 69 1 & L. Strahan (PERTH); N. Stevens KRN95 1 3- 1 (MELU, PERTH). Disti ibution. Occui sinthesouth-westol 5Vestern Australia, known only from the Pingrup to Ongerup area. Habitat. Grows on gentle undulating plain in sand, loam or clay in eucalypt low woodland or open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in early December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. From the Latin incurvus (curved inwards), in reference to the phyllodes. Note. This subspecies is the tallest member of A. mutabilis. Acacia mutabilis subsp. rhynchophylla Maslin, sub.sp. nov. Frutex ad 1 m altus. Stipulae subpersistentes. Phyllodia oblanceolata, 20-30 mm longa, 4-8 mm lata, mucrone laterali rostriforrni; glans 4-6 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Pedunculi 3-7 mm longi. Typus: 8.5 miles [14.1 km] south-east of Nyabing on the road to Pingrup, Western Australia, 29 September 1 970, B.R. Maslinl96 (hob: PERTH 001 76664; Ao.- K, MEL, NSW, PERTH 007301 30)! Spreading, moderately open shrub 0.5-1 m tall. New shoots d&ns,c\y appressed-puberulous (hairs pale yellow and white). Stipules triangular, 0.5-1 .5 mm long, c. 0.7 mm wide, subpersistent. Phyllodes oblanceolate, obtuse and excentrically rostriform (mucro lateral to sublateral), (16)20-30 mm long, 4-8 mm wide, l:w 3-7, straight to shallowly recurved, rarely 1 or 2 minor nerves subparallel to midrib. Gland 4-6 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles 3-7 mm long, glabrous or sparsely strigulose. Bracteoles spathulatc c. 0.5 mm diam. Pods and seeds not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: about 106 miles [ 1 70 km] from .Albany on Borden-Pingrup road, A.M. Ashby 4680 (AD, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH); Pingrup, W.E. Blackall3\] 1 (PERTH); E of Tainbcllup, C.A. Gardner 2078 (PERTH); near Gnowangerup', 30 Sep. 1928, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 00 176656); 10 miles [16 km] SW of Borden, K. Newbey 1442 376 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) (PERTH); 14 miles [22.5 km] NE oF Gnowangerup, K. Newbey 3436 (PERTH); Reserve No. 18803, 13 km WSW of Pingrup, 29 Aug. 1984, K.J. Wallace s.n. (PERTH 00610321). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known only from the Nyabing to Pingrup area and south to near Borden. Habitat. Grows in gravelly sand or loam in open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; fruiting period not known. Consen>ation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the Greek rhynchos (a beak) and phyllon (a leaf), in reference to the characteristic pliyllode apex which resembles a bird’s head (e.g. cuckoo-shrike) in side view. The pliyllode apex is rounded and the beak-like mucro is lateral to sublateral. Note. Subspecies rhynchophylla is most readily distinguished from other subspecies of A. mutabilis by its obtuse phyllodes with a lateral to sublatera! mucro, although Ashby 4680 is slightly atypical in that the mucro is less lateral than normal. Acacia mutabilis subsp. stipulifera Maslin, subsp. nov. Frutexad I maltus. Ramuli strigulosi vel glabri. Stipulaepersistentes, robustae. Phyllodiaanguste elliptica ad anguste oblongo-elliptica vel oblanceolata, 2-5 cm longa, 4-8 mm lata, mucrone recto; glans 5-10 mm supra pulvmam inserta. Pedunculi 4-12 mm longi. Typus: Lake Cobham area [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, ITAugust 1970,^./?. Aevv/iey 3263 (/;w/f;.- PERTH 00176 168; ko.'CANB,K, MEL, PERTH 007301 14 00908967). Dense to mid-dense, domed shrub 0.3—1 m tall and 1^.5 m diam. Branchlets white-strigulose to glabrous. Stipules stout, triangular to oblong-triangular, 2—3 mm long, 0.5— 0.7 mm wide, persistent. Phyllodes nairowly elliptic to narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate, acute to obtuse, mucro usually straight and excentric, 2-5 cm long, 4-8 mm wide (larger on regrowth specimens), l:w 4-10, rather rigid, ascending to erect, straight, dark green. Gland (3)5-10 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles variable, 4-12 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, S of Newdegate [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons] :G. Craig 1 494 (PERTH); G. Craig 1494C (PERTH); C. Craig 1553 (PERTH); G. Craig 1659 (K, PERTH); B.R. Maslin 386 1 (PERTH); K. Newbey 3263A (PERTH); M.H. Simmons 1349 (PERTH). Distribution. Localised in the south-west of Western Australia south of Newdegate near Lake Bryde and Lake Cobham. Habitat. Glows in loamy sand and clay, usually slightly saline, in salt lake systems in low woodland of Eucalyptus kondininensis and E. occidentalis. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 377 Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The subspecific epithet refers to the prominent stipules. In the other subspecies (except subsp. angustifolia) the stipules are caducous, or if persistent then smaller than in subsp. stipulifera. Subspecies angustifolia has narrower phyllodes than all other subspecies of A. mutabilis. Acacia nigripilosa Maiden. / & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 53: 172; pi. 10, figs 1-8(1920) [as nigripilosus]. Type: Cowcowing, Western Australia, August 1904, M. Koch 1030 pro parte; (holo: NSW; iso: A, P, PERTH). [Acacia inaequiloba auct. non W. Fitzg.: J.H. Maiden, J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 5 1 : 240 (1917).] Shrub 0.5-2 m high. Branchlets ash-grey, glabrous. Phyllodes usually ascending to erect, variable, linear to narrowly oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate, Hat to terete, 2-7 cm long, 1-8 mm wide, narrowed at base, ± pungent, subrigid, smooth, dull or somewhat shiny, green or glaucous, glabrous; nerves 4 in all, 1 per face when Hat; lateral nerves absent or obscure; pulvinus dilated at base. Gland 0—4 mm above pulvinus. Inflorescence a 1 - or 2-headed raceme, enclosed when young by conspicuous, brown, imbricate bracts; axis 1-3 mm long, growing out at anthesis; peduncles usually 4-10 mm long, glabrous; heads slightly obloid, 1 8-34-flowered, golden. Flowers 5-merous; sepals united at base; petals with ± sparse, brown to black, appressed hairs. Poc/^ ± moniliform, sometimes straight-edged, 4-9 cm long, 4-7 mm wide, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, obloid- ellipsoid to ovoid, c. 4 mm long, shiny, dark brown; aril thick. Distribution. Occurs from Yuna south to near Goomalling and east to Mt Holland and near Queen Victoria Rock, south-western Western Australia. Affinities. Probably related to A. maer/Mf/oftaW.Fitzg.andA. Maslin, but readily distinguished from both, and from all other species oi Acacia, by its petals having appressed, scattered, brown to black hairs. Two subspecies are recognized. Key to subspecies of Acacia nigripilosa Phyllodes 1-5 mm wide, green, somewhat shiny subsp. nigripilosa Phyllodes 5-8 mm wide, glaucous to subglaucous, dull subsp. latifolia Acacia nigripilosa Maiden subsp. nigripilosa Phyllodes flat to terete, 2.5-7 cm long, 1 -5 mm wide, 1: w = 7-50, somewhat shiny, green, normally gradually narrowed to a straight or delicately curved, pungent or subpungent point. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 34.5 km NE of Wubin on Paynes Find road, R. Coveny 1?>168 lB. R. Maslin ( C AND «. v., K n. v. , N S W, PERTH) ; 30 km E of Morawa on road through Koolanooka Hills, R.J. Cumniing 1 9 1 6 (PERTH); 7 km S of Mullewa on road to Mingenew, B.R. Maslin 5080 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 19 km SSW of Queen Victoria Rock, c. 63 km SW of Coolgardie, K. Newbey 6098 (PERTH). 378 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Distribution. Occurs throughout the species’ distribution as described above. Habitat. Grows in yellow or light brown sand in closed- or open-scrub. Variation. Very variable and may comprise more than one taxon. Typical subsp. nigripilosa occurs from Ballidu east to Mt Holland and near Queen Victoria Rock. Its phy llodes are flat (rhombic in section when very narrow) with a prominent midrib and a delicately curved, subpungent mucro, the new shoots are glabrous and the peduncles normally 4- 1 0 mm long. V ariants with ± terete phy llodes occur between Wubin and Perenjori (e.g. R. Coveny 7876 & B.R. Maslin). Their phyllodes have straight to curved, often very pungent points and often obscure midribs, the new shoots are glabrous or tomentose. On some specimens from near Wongan Hills and in the Mullewa— Yuna area, the phyllodes are broad (to 5 mm wide) and have straight, very pungent points; plants from the latter area may also have peduncles 1 0-20 mm long and occasionally hairy new shoots (e.g. B. R. Maslin50S0). Plants from the Koolanooka Hills often have atypically ± patent phyllodes (e.g. R.J. Cumming 1916). Acacia nigripilosa subsp. latifolia Maslin, subsp. nov. Ab A. nigripilosa subsp. nigripilosa phyllodiis latioribus, 20-35 mm longis, 5-8 mm latis, plerumque hebetibus, glaucis, differt. Typus: between Caron and Maya [precise locality details withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 23 August 1973, B.R. Maslin 3367 {holo: PERTH 00186120; iso: AD, BM, CANB, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW). Differs from A. nigripilosa subsp. nigripilosa in phyllodes broader and usually dull (not shiny), subglaucous to glaucous. Phyllodes slightly asymmetric, narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblanceolate, (15)20-35 mm long, (4)5-8(10) mm wide, l;w 3-6; lower margin ± straight; upper margin usually slightly convex; apex abruptly narrowing to a rigid, ± pungent point; mostly dull and subglaucous to glaucous, a few sometimes slightly shiny and dark green. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all between Caron and Maya unless otherwise indicated [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons] : W.E. Blackall 1 6 1 (PERTH); C.A. Gardner 14342 (PERTH); J. Goodwin 181 (PERTH); B.R. Maslin 742 (K, MEL, PERTH, S); B.R. Maslin 5066 (PERTH); NE of Geraldton, P.C. Ryan PCR 165 (PERTH); M.H. Simmons 423 (PERTH); M.D. Tindale 2777 (CANB, K, L, MEL, NSW, PERTH, US), Distribution. Occurs in two disjunct areas in the south-west of Western Australia, between Caron and Maya, and c. 100 km north-east of Geraldton. Habitat. Grows in stony yellow sand, sometimes in loam, in tall dense scrub and heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in mid-December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. From the Latin latus (broad) and folium (a leaf), in reference to the phyllodes. Notes. Variants of subsp. nigripilosa with terete phyllodes occur in the same general region as the new subspecies. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 379 Acacia pachyphylla Maslin, stat. et nom. nov. Based on Acacia gonophylla var. crassifolia Benth., FI. Austral. 2: 340 ( 1 864). Type: towards the Great Bight, south-western Australia, [G. Maxwell s.n.] (lecto: K- right hand specimen on Herb. Hooker, sheet, here selected; isolecto: K, MEL 27237 - see discussion below). Low, spreading, moderately open shrub with up to c. 6 main stems at ground level arising from a woody rootstock, normally to 0.3 m tall, occasionally to c. 0.5 m tall, to 0.6 m wide. Bark commonly very slightly roughened. New shoots reddish. Branchlets terete, light grey (due to an epidermal layer which commonly exfoliates longitudinally) and not evidently ribbed except at extreme apex which is normally reddish and linely nerved, glabrous. Stipules persistent on upper branchlets but caducous or only the slightly thickened basal portion remaining on old wood where phyllodes have fallen, linear to narrowly triangular, 1 .5-3 mm long, slightly thickened (especially towards base), the apical portions readily breaking off with age, rather slender and not particularly rigid, not pungent, normally erect and incurved. Phyllodes 2-6.5 cm long, dimorphic; upper phyllodes usually linear to narrowly linear, terete or subtercte to quadrangular, 1-2 mm wide, l:w 10-20(25) (sometimes compressed, narrowly to very narrowly oblanceolate and 2-3 mm wide); lower phyllodes distinctly compressed, oblanceolate to very narrowly oblanceolate, 4-6(7. 5) mm wide, I: w normally 5-10, frequently falling early; thickly coriaceous, finely longitudinally wrinkled when dry, rather crowded towards ends of branches, rather rigid, ascending to erect, straight to slightly curved, glabrous, glaucous or dull medium green; 4-nerved (one on each face and 2 marginal); midrib variably pronounced, central to very slightly exccntric, situated at apex of angles when phyllodes are ± quadrangular, usually yellowish; secondary nerves absent or very obscure; margins not thickened; abaxial marginal nerve normally superficially absent (being submerged) in the region between the gland and thepulvinus; apex abruptly and asymmetrically (rarely symmetrically) narrowed into a slender, rigid, sharply or coarsely pungent point 0.5-1 mm long and which is normally straight (not prominently inflexed as frequently occurs in A. dermatophylla); pulvinar region 0.5-1 .5 mm long, slightly dilated at base, smooth or slightly wrinkled. Gland not prominent, on upper margin of phyllode 6-7 mm above pulvinus, c. 0.4 mm long and 0.2 mm wide or smaller. Inflorescence 1 per node, an extremely reduced 1 -headed raceme; axis c. 0.5 mm long, glabrous (except a sparse tuft of hairs surrounding peduncle base), normally growing out at apex; peduncles 12-22(30) mm long, rather thick (0.8-1 mm diam. and finely longitudinally wrinkled when dry), glabrous. Heads globular, bright medium to deep golden yellow, with 36-53 (rarely 24) densely arranged Bowers; bracteoles caducous. Flowers 5-merous; calyx c. 1/2 length of corolla; sepals free, narrowly oblanceolate to ± narrowly oblong, glabrous to glabrescent, apically slightly thickened; petals 2.3-3 mm long, connate fore. I /2 their length, glabrous, obscurely 1 -nerved, apically somewhat thickened and abruptly acute. Gynoecium glabrous. Pod linear, terete to subterete, not constricted between seeds, to 8.5 cm long, 6-8 mm wide, firmly crustaccous, hard and bony when dry, normally curved butsomelimes straight, glabrous, dark purplish brown, moderately pruinose, finely longitudinally wrinkled when dry, not reticulate, basal stipe thick and c. 2 mm long, apex abruptly acute; margins not thickened, yellowish. Seeds longitudinal, facing apex of pod, embedded in spongy tissue which disappears as pods mature, obi oid, 4.5-5 mm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, c. 2 mm thick, not shiny, dark brown to black; pleurogram open at hilar end, bordered by a narrow band of yellowish tissue; areole 2-3.5 X i-2 mm\ funicle filiform, I -3 mm long abruptly expanded into a thick, terminal, yellowish, pileiform aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 52 km WSW of Israelite Bay along road to Esperance, B. Barnsley 368 (CANB, PERTH, NSW); c. 30 km NNE of Young River Crossing on Ravensthorpe-Esperance mam road, A. A. Donner3045 (AD, PERTH, Z); S of Mt Ragged towards Point Malcolm, C.A. Gardner 2908 (BM. K, PERTH); 82 km E of Esperance on Merivale Rd between 380 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) AlexanderRd& Daniels Rd,./ W. Green 5 17 1 (PERTH);9kiTi WNW of Wittenoom Hills Nature Reserve on Norwood Rd, 50 km NNE ofEspcrance, S.D. Hopper 1 944 (PERTH); c. 8 km NNW of Young River Crossing on Ravenslhorpe-Espcrance main road, E.N.S. Jackson 1461 (AD, PERTH); 18.5 km N of Gibson towards Norseman, B.R. Maslin 2533 (PERTH); 12 km SW of Buraminya, c. 38 km W of Mt Ragged, K. Newbey 8006 (PERTH); Cape Arid National Park, R.D. Royce 1 0052 (PERTH); 1 0 km due S of Clyde Hill, H. Smolinski s.n. (PERTH); Cape Arid National Park, W part, by the track S and SE of Mt Baring, A. Strid 2 1 242 (PERTH) Distribution. Occurs in coastal and near-coastal areas in the south-west of Western Australia from the vicinity of the Young River cast to Israelite Bay and extending inland to near Truslove and Mt Buraminya. If the localities given on the following two herb. MEL sheets are correct then this species has a much wider distribution than I have indicated above. One sheet is annotated by Mueller ‘Near K.G.S. [King George Sound, Albany) 1 888’; the collector is not given. Albany is about 350 km south- west of the Young River. The second sheet is annotated ‘Norseman, 1897, J.D. Batt’. This locality is c. 200 km north ofEspcrance. Habitat. Grows in sand (sometimes gravelly and commonly with clay at a shallow depth), loam or clay, in open heath or open shrub mallee over heath, in flat or gently undulating topography. Phenology. Flowering recorded from September to January; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Greek pachy- (thick-) and -phyllus (-leaved), refers to the characteristically thick phyllodes and reflects Bentham’s varietal epithet (crassifolia being already occupied at species rank). Typification. The type citation of A. gonophylla var. crassifolia Benth. is ‘Towards the Great Bight, Maxwell' . The only .sheet at herb. Kew of type significance is one stamped Herbarium Hookerianum and annotated 'Acacia gonophylla var. S.W. Australia towards the Great Bight.’ This writing is Mueller’sexceptfor‘gfwo/i/;v//avar.’ which is Bentham’s. Neither the varietal name nor the collector’s name appear on this label but the locality is almost identical to that given in the protologue. The three flowering specimens mounted on this sheet agree with Bentham’s brief description of var. crassifolia. There is a duplicate of this gathering at herb. MEL annotated by Mueller but there is no indication that Bentham saw this sheet. I regard the Kew collection as the type and assume that Bentham neglected to annotate the sheet with the varietal name. The right hand specimen on the Kew sheet has been selected as the lectolype, the other Kew specimen plus the ones at MEL are regarded as isoleclotypes. Affinities. Although Bentham described this taxon as a variety of A. gonophylla, the two are not particularly closely related. Acacia pachyphylla differs significantly from A. gonophylla in its semi- persistent (not caducous) stipules, 4(not 5)-nerved, dimorphic phyllodes, larger, golden (not creamy white) heads and much larger, harder, terete to subterete pods. Acacia pachyphvlla is closely related to A. dermatophylla Benth. on account of its thickly coriaceou.s, 1 -nerved phyllodes, its globular heads arranged in extremely reduced racemes and its general carpological characters. Acacia dermatophylla IS di.stingui.shcd from the new species in the following ways. Shrub normally single-stemmed; stipules thicker, more prominent, 4-8 mm long; phyllodes not dimorphic, although commonly decreasing in size towards the branchlet apices, never linear or terete, the basal ones reaching 23 mm in width, their apical points are thicker, commonly less pungent and frequently inflexed, the nerve on the adaxial B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 381 margin obviously bifurcating on the lower 1/3-1/2 of the phyllode which does not happen in A. pacliyphylla', racemes 2-headcd; peduncles commonly shorter (normally 5.5-15 mm long), thinner; heads genei ally fcwei -flowered (20—40); pods broader(8— 10mm wide), with oblique seeds. Although both species occur in south coastal areas (A. dennatophylla ranges from near Ravensthorpe to near Balladonia), it is not known whether they grow sympatrically. The new species is also similar superlicially to/i. maxwellii Maiden & Blakely which has uniformly shaped phyllodes, mostly 1 -.3-hcadcd reduced racemes, pale yellow to cream, smaller heads with many fewer flowers, a gamosepalous calyx and smaller, crustaceous pods enclosing ± spherical seeds. The phyllodes of A. pachyphylla arc generally similar to those of a South Australian species, A. pinguifolia J.M. Black, but in that species the phyllodes are 10-15-veined, the peduncles are shorter (mostly 4—10 mm long) and the heads are smaller and fewer-tlowered ( 1 8— 20-flowered). Acacia pachyphylla is also superficially similar to A. mutubilis subsp. angiistifolia (see above). Acacia plautella Maslin, sp. nov. FrutexO.7— 1 maltus. Ramuli teretes, subtilitercostati, glabri. Stipulae 1 — 1 .5 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodia sessilia, patentia, anguste triangularia, ad apicem angustata, cuspidata, 8-15 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, glabra; costa parum excentrica; glans marginalis, 1—3 mm supra basin inserta. Inflorescentiaraccmus rcductus capitulis 1(2). Pedunculi 5-10 mm longi, glabri; capitulaglobularia, aurea, floribus 15-20. Flores 5-meri. Sepala unita, glabra. Petala glabra, obscure nervosa. Legumen rnonililorme, ad 7.5 cm longiim, 3.5-4 mm latum, coriaccum vel crustaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea vel ellipsoidea, 3-4 mm longa; arillus conicus. Typus: 48 km north of Murchison River on North West Coastal Highway, Western Australia, 25 August 1984, B.R. Maslin 5580 (liolo: PERTH 00171387; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Spreading shrub 0.7- 1 m tall, rarely to 1 .2 m, single-stemmed or sparingly divided at ground level, main stems somewhat crooked. Bark rough and longitudinally fissured towards base of old stems, otherwise smooth, medium grey to dark grey (except branchicts). Branchlets terete, very finely ribbed, straight, somewhat coarsely pungent, glabrous, occasionally green but more commonly covered (either wholly or sometimes only on upper surface which is exposed to direct sunlight) with a white, puncticulate epidermal layer which exfoliates with age. Stipules present only on extremely young new shoots, narrowly oblong to narrowly triangular, 1-1.5 mm long, scarious, light brown, 1-nerved. Phyllodes narrowly triangular, tapering from a broad, sessile base into a straight, rigid, brown cusp 1-2 mm long, (5)8-15 mm long, 1 .5-2 mm wide, l:w (4)6-9, rigid, patent to very slightly inclined, straight to very slightly recurved, flat, glabrous, green; stomata numerous, just visible at xIO mag.; midrib slightly excentric (situated nearer upper margin), yellowish to light brown, slightly raised when dry, commonly a very fine submerged nerve parallel to midrib on its abaxial side; marginal nerves not raised, yellowish to light brown, on upper margin the nerve bifurcating at the gland and submerged between the gland and the phyllode base. Gland on upper margin of phyllode (commonly on a very slight angle) 1-3 mm above ba.se, normally shallowly recessed within margin, normally circular, 0.2-0.3 mm diam. Injlore.scence an extremely reduced l(2)-headed raceme; raceme axis 0.5-1 mm long, commonly growing out at anthesis, subtended at base by c. 4, early caducous, unequal, scarious, brown bracts to c. 1 mm long; bract scars persistent; peduncles 5-10 mm long at anthesis, to 14 mm long in Iruit, glabrous, yellow oi- pale red; basal peduncular bracts absent, as racemes grow out a secondary phyllode commonly develops at the base of the peduncles. //c«cA globular, 7-9 mm diam. (fresh), 5-6 mm diam. (dry), 1 5-2()-nowcred, golden; hracteoles absent but flowers rimmed at base by minute (c. 0. 1 mm long) brown papillae which arise from the receptacle. Flowers 5-merous, glabrous; 382 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) calyx c. 1/3 length of corolla, gamosepalous, variably dissected for 1/5 toe. 1/2 its length into oblong to broadly triangular lobes which are very slightly keeled abaxially; petals oblanceolate, 2-2.3 mm long, connate for 1/3- 1/2 their length but readily splitting upon dissection, acute, very obscurely 1 -nerved (superficially nerveless when dry). Pod ± moniliform, to 7.5 cm long, 3.5-4 mm wide, with up to 9 seeds per pod, thinly coriaceous to slightly crustaceous, normally shallowly curved, finely longitudinally reticulate, glabrous, reddish brown; marginal nerves not thickened, yellowish to light brown. Seeds longitudinal with hilum facing apex of pod, obloid or ellipsoid to obovoid, obliquely truncate along one margin at top of seed near hilum, 3-4 mm long, 2-2.7 mm wide, somewhat compressed ( 1 .4 mm thick) but areolar area very slightly raised, very slightly shiny, black with cream mottlings; pleurogram very fine, narrowly elliptic, continuous; arcole 1-1.2 mm long, 0. 3-0.4 mm w\ds; funicle filiform, appressed against and distally expanded into a narrowly conical aril which asymmetrically sheaths the top of the seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 30 miles [48 km] N of Ajana, W.E. Blackall 577 (PERTH); 60 kmN of Ajana, 28 Aug 1931, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 0017 1360); near413 mile peg. North West Coastal Highway [c. 50 km N of the Murchison River crossing], A. 5. George 11225 (PERTH); 44.5 km N of Murchison River on North West Coastal Highway, B.R. Maslin 7033 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west ol Western Australia, between Ajana and Billabong Roadhouse on the North West Coastal Highway. Habitat. Grows in yellow sand in dense mallee scrub. Associated taxa include Acacia coolgardiensis, A. longispinea, Melaleuca, and Persoonia. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August; mature pods collected in December and January. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. From the Latin plautus (Hat, broad), used for the Umbrians in the sense ‘llat-footed’, here with the diminutive suffix -ellus, alluding to the relatively broad phyllode base. Ajfinities. Similar to the more southerly distributed A. ingrata Benth. which differs most obviously in its cream to white, 5-7-nowered heads, pods 4-5.5 mm wide, seeds not mottled, gland (minute) at extreme base of phyllode, epidermis not puncticulate and stipule bases commonly thickened with age and persisting at many nodes. Members of the A. horridula Mcisn. group (see Maslin 1978) are superficially similar to A. plautella in having somewhat similar phyllode and carpological features. They are readily distinguished, however, by their 4-merous flowers, non-racemose inflorescences, obvious gland angles on upper margin of phyllodes, terete pods not constricted between seeds, and their more southerly distribution. Variation. In August 1 967, C.H. Gittms collected two flowering specimens from 66 km S of Billabong Roadhouse on North West Coastal Highway. One of these (no. 1554) is typical A. plautella, but the other (no. 1556), while resembling this species in many respects, differs most obviously in its poorly developed, non-puncticulate epidermis and its linear, much longer (4-6 cm), inclined to ascending, shortly pulvinate phyllodes. In the absence of pods it is not possible to assess the status oUGittins 1556 and it is therefore not included in A. plautella. Its general facies is reminiscent of some forms of A. prainii Maiden and A. scleroclada Maslin but it is readily distinguished from both by its gamosepalous, ± truncate calyx. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 383 Acacia profusa Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 0.9 m alius. Ramuli tcrctes, glabri, interdum resinosi. Stipulae c. 0.2 mm longae, plerumque caducae. Phyllodia confcrta, linearia, acuta, pungentia, 7-17 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, plerumque parum sulcata (in sicco), glabra, ± glauca, nervis 3 ( 1 in margine abaxiali, 1 in quoque pagina laterali); costa immersa; glans 0.2-1 .5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus rcductus capitulis 1 vel 2. Pedunculi 9-1 6 mm longi, glabri; capitula floribus 10-17. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera vel ad basin unita, sub-glabra. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen oblongum vel anguste oblongum, ad 25 mm longum, 10-12 mm latum, chartaceum, glabrum. Semina transversa, late ellipsoidea, c. 5 mm longa; arillus plicatus. Typus:1.5 km west of Grass Patch on Grass Patch Rd, Western Australia, 24 September 1983, B.R. Maslin 5442 {holo: PERTH 00 1 70364; iso: CANS, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, PERTH 00750530). Compact to moderately open, erect shrub 0. 3-0.9 m tall, multi-stemmed, or sparingly branched at ground level. Bark grey except orange-brown branchlets. Old wood somewhat roughened by .scars of raised leaf bases where phy Modes have fallen. New .dioots light purplish. Branchlets terete, ribbed immediately below raised leaf bases, glabrous, sometimes resinous and subvernicose, the resin sometimes drying while. Stipules setaceous, inconspicuous, c. 0.2 mm long, commonly falling early. Fhyllodes linear, narrowed at base, (5)7-17 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, l:w (5)7-16, crowded, erect or (with age) sometimes ascending, straight or shallowly incurved, flat, slightly thickened, usually slightly sulcate when dry, glabrous, glaucous (young) to subglaucous (mature); stomata minute, numerous; nerves 3 ( I on abaxial margin, 1 on each lateral face); abaxial nerve impressed and yellow to brown (when dry), lateral nerves (i.e. midrib) submerged and not or scarcely evident when fresh but surface usually slightly wrinkled when dry; adaxial marginal nerve absent; apex obliquely narrowed to a straight, brown, hard, acute, slightly pungent point 0.3-0.5 mm long; pulvinus terete, 0, 5-0.7 mm long. Gland inconspicuous, 0.2-1. 5 mm above pulvinus, slightly impressed, circular to oblong, 0.2 mm long, 0.1 -0.2 mm wide. Inflorescence an extremely reduced raceme, 1 per node, normally terminal; peduncles 1 (2), 9- 1 6 mm long, equalling or longer than phyllodes, glabrous, sometimes red; axis 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous, ± pruinose, usually with a dormant vegetative bud near apex; bract at base of axis c. 0.3 mm long; basal peduncular bract solitary, persistent, 0.5-1 mm long, concave, sessile. Heads globular, 8 mm diam. at anthesis when fresh (4-5 mm diam. when dry), light to mid- golden, 10-17-nowered; bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 2/5 length of petals, free or united near base, narrowly oblong, subglabrous with microscopic hairs; petals 2 mm long, free at anthesis, glabrous, nerveless. Ovary glabrous; gynophore c. 0.2 mm long. Pods oblong to narrowly oblong, to 25 mm long, 10-12 mm wide, prominently raised over the seeds alternately on each side, not constricted helween seeds, chartaceous, glabrous, pruino.se when young. Seeds (slightly immature) transverse, widely ellipsoid, e. 5 mm long and 2.5 mm wide; pleurogram U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole minute;, / m/uV /c filiform, 2-3 mm long, gradually thickened to a once-folded subterminal aril. Selected specimens e.xamined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 4 miles [6.4 km] SW of Mt Ridley, T E.H. Aplin 4003 (AD, PERTH); between Salmon Gumsand Grass Patch, W.E. Blackall 1014 (PERTH); 1 7 km due SSE of Peak Eleanora, interseclion of Rolland and Cups Rds, M.A. Burgman3S5^ (PERTH); c. 30 km E of Truslove, on iraek between Dempster and Burdett Rds, G. Craig 1575 (BRI, PERTH); 7.8 km W of Salmon Gums on Salmon Gums West Rd, G.F. Craig 2437 (PERTH); near Kumarl, Oct. 1934, C.A. Gardners.)}. (PERTH 00 1 70402); 7.5 km W of Grass Patch on Grass Patch Rd,B./?. Maslin 5442A (PERTH); 26 km NNE ol Swallow Rock, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newbey6^51 (PERTH); 4 km W along Rolland Rd from Fields Rd, c. 50 km W of Grass Patch,/. Taylor \654 & P. Ollerenshaw (CANB.K, PERTH). 384 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Distribution. Occurs in tlie south-west of Western Australia from Frank Hann National Park, east to Kumarl and south-east to Mt Ridley and Mt Burdett. Habitat. Grows in clay, sand or loam on Oats in open shrub mallee, open dwarf scrub or low heath. Phenology. Flowcri ng recorded in September and October; immature pods collected in late December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. Named from the Latin profusus (profuse), in reference to the crowded phyllodes. Affinities. The new species is distinctive on account of its crowded, 3-nerved phyllodes (midrib submerged), rudimentary racemes and short, broad pods. It is possibly related to A. carnosula (see above) which has a similar phyllode nervation, but in that species the phyllodes arc obovate to oblanceolatc and 1-2.5 mm wide, the flowers are subtended by small bracteoles, and the seeds are longitudinally arranged in the pods. Glabrous variants of /4. lachnophylla F. Muell., another possible relative, may superficially resemble the new species but are distinguished by their narrow (c. 1 .5 mm wide), coiled pods and phyllodes with a discernible midrib on each face and a gland (when present) more than 4 mm above the pulvinus. Acacia puncticulata Maslin. sp. nov. Frutex expansus, 0.6-1 .3(2) m altus. Ramuli teretes, pubescentes ad hirsutelli. Stipulae 2-4 mm longae, spinescentes, basibus persisten tibus. Phy llodia ovata ad elliptica, acuta vel obtusa, mucronata, 15-25 mm longa, 7-15 mm lata, parum undulata, glabra praeter margines et costam hirtellam; costa prominens; glans 4-13 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inllorescentia simplex, axillaris sed sub anthesi phyllodiis plerumque immaturis. Pedunculi 8-20 mm longi, hirtclli, 1-bracteati; capitula floribus 35-60. Flores 5-meri. ,Sepala libera, parce pilosa. Petala glabra, cnervia. Legumencircinatum (spira c. 1-1 .5 cmdiam.),c. 2.5 cm longum,4.5-5.5 mm latum, inter seminaconstrictum, coriaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidca vel ellipsoidea vel ovoidea, c. 3.5 mm longa; arillus curvus. Typus: about 1 km south of Murchison Ri veralong eastern boundary of Kalbarri National Park, Western Australia, 1 8 July 1 987, D. Rellairss.n. {holo: PERTH 01 129236; iso: CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Dense shrub, spreading, domed or flat-topped, much-branched, 0.6-L3(2) m tall, to c. 2 m across. Bark smooth, mid-grey, dark grey-brown, grey-black or red-grey. Branches with prominent lenticels. Branchlets terete, ribless or ribs very obscure, ± pubescent to hirsutcllous or hirtellous, the indumentum arising from epidermis which soon becomes grey-white and with age is longitudinally fissured to reveal a glabrous, reddish undersurface. Stipules 2-4 mm long, spreading, straight to shallowly recurved, sharp and rigid but somewhat brittle so that at old nodes commonly only the hardened basal portions remain. Phyllodes slightly oblique, ovate to elliptic but commonly widely so, both upper and lower margins convex, (10)15-25(30) mm long, (5)7-15(20) mm wide, l;w 1.5-2. 5, coriaceous, patent to inclined, slightly undulate, glabrous or margins and midrib hirtellous to hirsutcllous (hairs commonly sparse, usually tubercle-based but commonly wearing away with age so that only tubercles remain), dark green, puncliculate with minute, brown (ageing black) circular scales which are commonly sparse or absent on old phyllodes; midrib prominent; lateral nerves visible but not prominent; nerve on upper margin bifurcating below the gland; acute to obtuse but mucronate; mucro 1-3 mm long, straight, slender, rigid, brown; pulvinus not prominent, to c. 0.5 mm long. Gland situated on upper maigin of B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 385 phyllode 4-13 mm above pulvinus. Inflorescences initiated on developing new shoots with 1(2) peduncles in axils of immature phyllodes; subtending phyllodes may or may not be fully expanded by anthesis; peduncles 8-20(30) mm long, hirtellous to hirsutellous, basal bract absent but a solitary, narrowly triangular to lanceolate, ± caducous bract 1.5—3 mm long, frequently present near or above middle of peduncle. Heads globular to obloid, golden, densely 35-60(70)-flowered; bracteoles 1.5-2 mm long; claw linear, ± as long as lamina, sparsely hairy; lamina narrowly ovate, acuminate, slightly exserted in young buds, brown, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 3/5 length of petals, free, linear to narrowly spathulatc, sparsely hairy; petals 2(-2.5) mm long, glabrous, margins minutely papillate towards the apex, nerveless. Pods circinate in a coil c. 1-1 .5 cm diam. (curving at 90° to plane of suture), sometimes a lew irregularly sigmoid, c. 2.5 cm long (expanded length), 4. 5-5. 5 mm wide, rounded over seeds on inner lace ol curves or spirals, continuously convex on outer face, not or scarcely constricted between seeds, coriaceous, glabrous, brown to yellow-brown, sometimes with a few very obscure transverse veins most visible near the narrow, marginal nerves. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to slightly ellipsoid or ovoid, 3.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, dull to slightly shiny, dark brown to blackish, sometimes yellowish, surrounding areole and extending to hilar area; pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end; areole c. 0.5 mm long, 0.4-0. 5 mm wide; aril curved over top of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: between Coorow and Arrino, W.E. Blackall 26 1 5 (PERTH); 6 km S of Kalbarri turnoff on North West Coastal Highway, R.S. Cowan A83 1 (AD, BRI, CANB,G,K, MO, PERTH); Murchison River gorge, A. 5. George 7906 (K, PERTH); 1 6 km from North West Coastal Highway towards Kalbarri, B.R. Maslin 3330 (CANB, PERTH); 4.8 km E of Mullewa towards Yalgoo, B.R. Maslin 3627 (NY, PERTH); about 32km from Mingenewon theroad to Morawa, B.R. Maslin 6247 (PERTH); about 2 km S of Murchison River along eastern boundary of Kalbarri National Park, B.R. Maslin 6260 (K, PERTH); 1 8 miles [29 km] N of Caron, K. yVew/;ey 2090 (PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west of Western Australia from Kalbarri National Park to near Perenjori and Three Springs. Habitat. Grows normally on rocky red loam, sometimes yellow sand or red clay, commonly '\n Acacia acuminata tall shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The speci fic epithet is derived from the Latin puncticulatus (minutely dotted), in reference to the many small punctae on young phyllodes. Affinities. Until now, A. puncticulata has been included in A. congesta (see above). The two species are closely related and resemble one aiuHlier most obviously in the following ways. Stipules spinescent (although they are somewhat brittle and with age are commonly broken so that only their bases remain, forming hardened, slightly spinescent projections at the base of the phyllodes); phyllodes with a slender pungent mucro, midrib prominent, lateral veins obscure or pronounced; peduncle sometimes with a small bract near or above the middle; heads commonly slightly obloid; sepals ± free, linear or narrowly spathulatc, I /2-3/5 length of petals. Were it not for the marked differences in the pods it would be reasonable to ireal A. puncticulata as a subspecies of A. congesta which is distinguished by its narrower phyllodes (3-7 mm wide), dimidiatcly inaequilateral and not, or scarcely, puncticulate. In A. congesta, the pods curve m the plane of the suture whereas in A. puncticulata they curve at right angles to the plane of the suture. Furthermore, in A. congesta the pods are usually more obviously constricted between the seeds. 386 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia pusilla Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex decumbens vel tholiformis ad 30 cm altus. Ramuli teretes, minute pubescentes. Stipulae 1.5— 3.5 mm longae, persistences. Phyllodiaconferta, lineariaadsubteretia, incurva, oblique mucronulata, 5- lOmm longa,c. 1 mm lata, glabra vel minute pubcscentia, nervis 3 immersis (1 in margine abaxiali, 1 inquoquepaginalaterali);glans0.5-2mmsuprapulvinaminserta. Inflorescentia simplex. Pedunculi 6- 8mmlongi,glabri;capitulailoribus8-12. Flores5-meri. Sepalalibera,parceciliolata. Petalaglabra, enervia. Legumen lineare, spirale, ad c. 10 mm longum (non expansum), c. 2 mm latum, crnstaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea ad ellipsoidea, 2.4-2. 7 mm longa; arillus pileiformis. Typus: near base of east side of Ravensthorpe Range, about 1 0 km south-east of Ravensthorpe township. Western Australia, 27 September 1983, B.R. Maslin5462 {holo: PERTH 00173274; iso: CANS, G, K, MEL, NY, PERTH 00760498). Decumbent to erect, multi-stemmed shrub, forming circular, domed bushes to 20-30 cm tall and 1 m wide. Old wood roughened by scars of raised leaf bases. Stems slender, dark grey but frequently light orange towards apices. Branchlets terete, nerveless, minutely pubescent. Stipules setaceous, 1.5- 3. 5 mm long, recurved, glabrous, dark brown to black, persistent. Phyllodes linear, narrowed at base, 5-10(1 3) mm long, c. 1 mm wide, 1: w 5- 1 0( 1 2), crowded, patent to erect, incurved from near base, subterete, commonly ± flat when dry, smooth, slightly longitudinally sulcate when dry, glabrous to subglabrous, hairs minute and apprcssed, dull, green to subglaucous; nerves 3 (1 on abaxial margin, 1 on each lateral face) but submerged and not or scarcely evident; apex obliquely mucronulate, the mucro 0. 1-0.3 mm long, thick, acute, brown to black; pulvinus terete, c. 0.5 mm long, sparsely puberulous adaxially. Gland inconspicuous, 0.5-2 mm above pulvinus, occasionally at distal end of pulvinu.s, commonly slightly impressed and sometimes connected to pulvinus by a shallow groove (when dry), circular to oblong, 0. 1 -0.2 mm long. Inflorescence simple; peduncles 6-8 mm long, 1 per axil, slender, erect at anthesis, strongly recurved from base in fruit, glabrous; basal peduncular bract subpersistent, cucullate, 1-2 mm long, dark brown to black, sparsely puberulous abaxially. Heads globular, bright light golden, 3 mm diam. at anthesis (fresh), 8- 12- flowered; bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 1/3 length of petals, free, narrowly oblong, sparsely ciliolate; petals c. 1 mm long, free at anthesis, glabrous, nerveless. Ovary glabrous. Pods linear, tightly irregularly coiled, to c. 10 mm long (unexpanded), 2 mm wide, turgid, very slightly constricted between seeds, thinly crustaceous, glabrous, very slightly shiny, ± resinous, black, very finely wrinkled. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to ellipsoid, 2. 4-2. 7 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, slightly depressed (I mm thick), black, shiny; pleurogram very obscure, open at hilar end; areole c. 1 mm long, 0.5 mm wide; funicle filiform, c. 1 mm long, abruptly expanded into a lleshy, pileiform, white, terminal aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: lower slopes of Ravensthorpe Range, E. M. Bennett 2398 (PERTH); 9.8 miles [15.6 km] W of Bendalup Creek, Just E of Ravensthorpe, F. Lullfitz L5497 (PERTH); near Mt Desmond, c. 1 3 km due SE of Ravensthorpe, B.R. Maslin 3905 (AD, BRI, MO, NSW, PERTH); Ravensthorpe Range near Mt Desmond, Elverdton Rd 0.5 km from Highway No. 1, B.R. Maslin 4795 (PERTH); E side of Ravensthorpe Range about 10 km SE of Ravensthorpe township, B.R. Maslin 5548 (PERTH); 5 km E of Ravensthorpe, P.G. Wilson 5536 (AD, MEL, NSW, PERTH); Mt Desmond, E. Wittwer W 1 887 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, endemic to the Ravensthorpe Range. The label details of the collection by C.F. Davies I I I (PERTH) appear to be incorrect, with the collector querying the locality of Holt Rock, which is c. 120 km north-cast of Ravensthorpe. It is also recorded as being collected in llower in December. All other collections of A. pusilla were flowering between August and October. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 387 Habitat. Grows in rocky clay on lower slopes, favours watercourses in dense shrub mallee woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October (but see note below); mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Latin pusillus (very small), refers to the diminutive habit and phyllodes. Affinities. Acacia pusilla is allied to A. rhamphophylla, another new species endemic in the Ravensthorpe Range (see discussion below under >1. rhamphophylla). It also superficially resembles A. lachnophylla F. Muell. (syn. A. cometes C.P.R. Andrews) which also grows near Ravensthorpe but which can be distinguished in the following ways: stipules caducous, phyllodes longer (1-2 cm) and with at least the mid vein on each face normally evident, gland commonly 4- 1 2 mm above the pul vinus, heads larger with more flowers (20-32) and seeds mottled. In the Norseman-Grass Patch area there occurs a variant of lachnophylla with glabrous phyllodes 7-14 mm long whose midribs are submerged and thus superficially absent. Besides the characters already given, this variant is distinguished from 4. pusilla by its phyllodes which have a 1-nerved abaxial margin. Acacia quinquenervia Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex patens plerumque ad 1.5 m altus, interdum ad 0.5 m. Ramuli teretes, subtiliter costati, antrorsepubescentes. Stipulae 1-2 mm longae, caducae. Phyllodiaangustelinearia, interdum teretia, acuta, mucronata, 2-7 cm longa, 1-2 mm lata, antrorse pubescentia, glabrescentia, 5-nervia; glans 5-15 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus capitulis 2. Pedunculi 3-15 mm longi, glabri; capitula floribus 15-20. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera vel brevissime unita, glabra vel pubescentia. Petala glabra, enervia. Legumen lineare, ± teres, arcuatum, ad c. 5.5 cm longum, 1 .5-3 mm latum, coriaccuin-crustaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, 2.5-3 mm longa; arillus conicus. Typus: 1 9 km east of Lake King, Western Australia, 20 August 1 982, K. 9480-1 {holo: PERTH 00139386; iso: CANB, K, MEL, MELU, NY). Spreading shrub, rather dense or moderately open, commonly 0.5- 1 .5 m tall, in eastern part of range commonly 0. 2-0.5 m tall, 0.5-3 m wide. Bark grey. New shoots densely appressed-pubescent (hairs very pale yellow at initiation, soon turning white). Branchlets terete, finely ribbed, pubescent (hairs dense, soft, white, short, straight, antrorse, commonly appressed oralmost so, sparse or absent on mature branches), rarely glabrous. Stipules narrowly oblong to narrowly triangular, 1-2 mm long, c. 0.2 mm wide, scarious, brown, pubescent abaxially, caducous. Phyllodes narrowly linear, narrowed at base, rarely narrowly oblanceolate, ( 1 .5)2-7 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, 5-7 mm wide in one young regrowth specimen, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, flat to almost terete, indumentum as on branchlets but hairs sparse or absent with age, rarely glabrous when young, mid-green to glaucous, frequently greyish when dry; ner\>es 5 (i.e. 2 on adaxial margin (these nerves infrequently coalescing near or above middle of phyllodc), 1 on adaxial margin, 1 on each lateral face); minor lateral nerves absent; apex excentrically acute to subacute, straight or sometimes subuncinate, the mucro 0.5-1 mm long and coarsely or sometimes sharply pungent; pulvinus c. 1 mm long, obscurely transversely wrinkled, pubescent, yellow-brown. Gland situated on adaxial margin of phyllode between the two 388 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) nerves 5-15 mm above pulvinus, oblong, rarely circular, 0.4-0.8 mm long, 0.2-0.4 mm wide. /n/Zoreicencr? a simple or rudimentary 2-branched raceme, axis 0.3-0.5 mm long; peduncles 3-15 mm long, glabrous, commonly detlexcd from base in fruit; basal peduncular bractrostriform, c. 2 mm long, sessile, pubescent abaxially, brown, caducous. Heads globular, light golden, 6-7 mm diam. (reconstituted), 3.5-4 mm diam. (dry), 15-20-nowercd; hracteales few or absent, resembling sepals. Flowers 5-merous; sepals I/3-1/2 lenglli of petals, free or very shortly united at base, narrowly spathulate or sometimes narrowly oblong, glabrous or pubescent; petals 1.5 mm long, united for 1/4 to 1/3, nerveless, glabrous, infrequently subglabrous. Pods linear, shallowly to moderately arcuate, to 5.5 cm long, 1 .5-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, ± terete, not or scarcely constricted between seeds, glabrous to puberulous (hairs sometimes appressed), dark brown to black. Seeds longitudinal, obloid, 2.5-3 mm long, 1.2-1. 6 mm wide, mottled although sometimes obscurely so; pleurogram U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole 0.4-0. 7 mm long, 0.2-0.5 mm wide, funicle filiform, c. 1 .5 mm long, abruptly expanded into a ± conical, creamy white or light yellow-brown (dry), terminal aril 1.5-2 mm long. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 48.2 km due E of Lake King on the Rabbit ProofFence, K. firac/Z^y 38 (PERTH); 1 9 miles [30.5 kmj EofNewdegale, A.^. George5()'&9 (PERTH); 5.5 miles [8.8 km| W of Nyabing on the road to Katanning, B.R. Maslin 793 (K, MEL, PERTH); 14 km from Ravensthorpe towards Lake King, B.R. Maslin 2575 (K, PERTH); Hatters Hill, K.R. Newbey 3292 (CBG, G, PERTH); 23 km SW of Peak Charles, c. 66 km W of Salmon Gums, K. /VeM'Zjev6466(CANB, PERTH); 34 km SW of 90 Mile Tank, Frank Hann National Park, Norseman-Lake King road, K.R. Newbey 6507 (CANB. MEL, PERTH); 0.3 km N of Hatters Hill, c. 41 km NE of Lake King, K. Newbey 6563 (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west of Western Australia from near Nyabing east to Peak Charles National Park. Habitat. Grows in moderate to well-drained loam, sand or clay on plains and alluvial flats in eucalypt low woodland or open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded m August and September; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin quinque (five) and -nervis (-nerved), in reference to the phyllodes. Ajfinities. The new species appears most closely related to A. poUochroa E. Pritz. on account of its branchlet and phyllodc indumentum, very reduced binate racemes, rostriform (caducous) basal peduncular bracts, Iree sepals, ± terete pods and longitudinal seeds with terminal, ±conical arils. Acacia poUochroa is most reliably distinguished from A. quinquenenna by its 4-ncrved phyllodes, its strongly curved to oncc-coiled pods which reach c. 2 cm long {c. 1 ern diam. when coiled) and its non-mottled seeds 2 x 1.3 mm. Furthermore, A. poUochroa is a Irequently smaller shrub (0. 1—0.5 m tall) with shorter phyllodes (1—2.5 cm long). However, some specimens ol A. quinquenenha from the Frank Hann National Pai k (located 30— 1 1 0 km east-north-east ol Lake King) to Bremer Range area (about 1 00 km west-south-west of Norseman ) are low shrubs 0.2-0.5 m tall (elsewhere they are commonly 0.5-1. 5 m tall). The phyllodes of A. quinquenervia may superficially resemble those of A. mutabilis subsp. angustifolia (see above). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 389 Variation. A young regrowth specimen (viz. K. Newhey 5458, PERTH, in flower) from Hatters Hill has phyllodes 5-7 mm wide wliich is much wider than those of adult plants. The Nyabing specimen listed above is at the western extremity of the range for this species. It is atypical in having short glabrous phyllodes (c. 15 mm long) and glabrous branchlets. This variant may ultimately be shown to warrant formal rank, hut pods are required before a sound taxonomic judgement can be made (B.R. Maslin 793 is in flower). Notes. As implied by the specific epithet the phyllodes have 5 longitudinal nerves which extend from the pulvinus to the mucro. Inlrcqucntly it happens that the nerves on the adaxial margin coalesce near or above the middle of the phyllode. In these cases the phyllodc is 4-nerved distal to the coalescence and 5-nervcd below it. When the phyllodes are distinctly compres.sed (i.e. flat), the adaxial margin is 2-nerved and c. 0.5 mm wide, the abaxial margin is formed by the single nerve which runs along it, and the midrib on each face represents the remaining 2 nerves. When the phyllodes are thick and narrow they are described above as ahnost terete. In fact, they arc obtusely pentagonal in T.S. with a nerve at the apex of each angle. This type of nervation pattern is not uncommon in species of section Phyllodineae in south-western Western Australia. Acacia rhamphophylla Maslin, sp. iiov. Frutex elTusus, 0.2-0. 4 m altus. Ramuli teretes, pubescentes. Stipulae setaceae, 5-7 mm longae, persistentes. Phyllodia conferta, linearia, parum uncinata, 1 1-17 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm lata, glabra, margine abaxiali 1-nervi, adaxiali 2-nervi; costa prominens; glans ad 0.5 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inllorescentia simplex. Pedunculi 8-13 mm longi, glabri; capitula floribus 12-16. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, ciliata. Pctala glabra, enervia. Legumen subtercs, Icniter moniliforme, 10-15 mm longum, c. 2 mm latutn, crustaceum, glabrum vel parce strigillosum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidca ad ovoidea, 2—2.5 mm longa; arillus pileiformis. Typus: Ravensthorpe Range Ipreci.se locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 3 1 August 1 980, B.R. Ma.slin 4785 (Iwlo: PERTH 00174203; No: CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Spreading, openly branched slinih. 0.2-0.4 m tall, 0.4-1. 1 m wide, sparingly divided at ground level into slender, dark grey stems. Branchlets terete, very obscurely nerved, densely pubescent (hairs short, straight and solt). Stipules setaceous, 5-7 mm long, recurved, glabrous, dark red-brown but ageing blackish, persistent. Phyllodes linear, narrowed at base, 1 1-17 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, l;w 8- 1 3, crowded, patent to inci ined. sometimes ascending at ends of branchlets, straight to shallowly curved, glabrous (except pulvinus). dark green: apex excentrically rostellatc, commonly slightly uncinate; ntidrih prominently raised and situated near the 1-neived ahaxial margin, the 2-nerved adaxial margin thick and nerve-like, r. 0,5 mm wide; lateral nerves absent; /JH/ymw.v 0.5-1 mm long, adaxially pubescent, drying yellow or orange. Gland situated on adaxial margin at distal end of pulvinus or to 0.5 mm above it, sometimes absent, circular, c. 0.1 mm diam. Inflorescence simple; peduncles I per axil, 8-13 mm long, recurved in fruit, glabrous, situated on an extremely reduced raceme axis less than 0.5 mm long; basal peduncular bract somewhat persistent, c. 2 mm long, navicular, cucullale, shallowly curved, concave, puberulous abaxially, brown, //emr/v globular, bright light golden, c. 3 mm diam. (dry). 12-16-nowered; hracteales absent. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 1/3 length of petals, free, narrowly oblong to slightly spathulate, membranous, ciliatc; petals c. 1 mm long, connate in lower 1/2. nerveless, glabrous. /Wv commonly 10-15 mm long, occasionally 20 mm, c. 2.5 mm wide, thinly crustaceous, curved hut sometimes only slightly so, subterete, commonly slightly constricted between seeds, finely rugose-striate (dry), glabrous or very sparsely strigillose, blackish; marginal nerves yellow to light brown, not thickened. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid 390 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) toovoid,shapealittleirregular,2-2.5 mm long,c. 1.5 mm wide, compressed (c. 1 mm thick), dark brown to blackish, shiny; pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end; areole 0.5-1 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide; funicle filiform, c. 1 mm long, abruptly expanded into a small, white, pileiform, terminal aril. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, Ravensthorpe Range [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: G.F. Craig 1 952 (CANB, PERTH); K.R. Newbey 9523A (MELU, PERTH);W/?. A/ew/7ey9523A-l (MELU, PERTH); A"./?. 9692 (PERTH); D. PapenfusDP 157 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, endemic in the Ravensthorpe Range. Habitat. Grows in rocky clay or sand on upper slopes of lower part of the Range in open shrub mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in early December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the Greek rhamphos (a curving bill or beak) and phyllon (a leaf), in reference to the phyllode apex which is beaked. Affinities. Acacta r/iamp/zo/j/zy/Za appears most closely related to A. laricina and A. cedroides Heward ex Benth. Acacia laricina. has often longer, pungent phyllodes that are continuous on the branchlets, appressed-pubescent peduncles, cream to pale yellow heads with fewer flowers, gamosepalous calyx and larger pods and seeds. Acacia cedroideshsts finely striate-ribbed branchlets, verticillate phyllodes, shorter, linear-triangular stipules, gamosepalous calyx and much larger seeds. The new species is also allied to A. pusilla (see above), another Ravensthorpe Range endemic, which has smaller, subterete, nearly veinless phyllodes, shorter stipules, shorter peduncles bearing heads with fewer flowers and coiled pods (the pods of A. rhampophylla are curved and sometimes only slightly so). Acacia rigida Maslin, .yp. nov. Frutex ad 1 .5 m altus et 3.5 m iatus, aut compactus (in locis expositis) aut decumbens et diffusus (in fruticetis densis). Rami rubelli ad aurantiaci. Ramuli dense pubescentes pilis retrorsis. Stipulae pubescentes, 2.5-3. 5 mm longac, basi induratac, non pungentes. Phyllodia normaliter assymetrice anguste lanccolata, 9-14 mm longa, 1 .2—2 mm lata, interdum linearia usque anguste linearia et tunc 20 mm longa et 0.7-1 mm lata, palcntia, rigida, cuspidata, margine superiorc crassa et nerviformi, pulvino basi dilatato. Inflorcsccntiac in nodis plerumquc singulae. Pedunculi 5-9 mm longi (3-4 mm in forma phyllodiis linearibus), glabri ad moderate puberuli. Florum capitula globularia, 8-12-flora. Flores 4-meri. Calyx gamosepalus. 1/5- 1/4 longitudine corollae. Petala 1 .6-1 .8 mm longa, sparse ad moderate puberula. Legumen teres, ad 6 cm longum et4.5 mm diametro, modice coriaceum, indistincte longitudinaliter striatum, minute puberulum. Semina (subimmatura) in legumine longitudinalia, obloidea, 5-5.5 mm longa, 2.5-2. 8 mm lata, turgida; funiculus c. 1 mm longus, in arillum crassum conicum abrupte expansus. Typus: 7.5 km east of Corrigin towards Rendering, Western Australia, 1 3 June 1 976, B.R. Maslin 4 1 74 (holo: PERTH 00769479; iso.- CANB, K, MEL, NY). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 391 Harsh shrub, either dense, compact, intricately branched, to 1 .5 m tall and 3.5 m wide (in exposed situations) or sprawling and diltuse (in dense scrub). Bark grey at base of stems, reddish to orange on branches. Branches reddish orange. Branchlets rather sparingly divided and sometimes arching downwards, terete, very linely ribbed, not flexuose, densely puberulous (hairs white and retrorse), scars evident on older branches where phyllodcs have fallen. Stipules obvious and persistent but normally only base remaining on old wood, narrowly linear-triangular, thickened and indurate towards the base but rather scarious and brittle on distal half, 2.5-3.5 mm long, straight, somewhat rigid, not pungent, glabrcsccnt, reddish brown. P/iy/Zoc/cw normally asymmetrically lanceolate to asymmetrically narrowly lanceolate with the upper margin more curved than the lower margin, occasionally (when phyllodes very narrow) linearto narrowly linear. 9-14 mm long (to 20 mm on linear phyllodes), 1.2-2 mm wide (0.7-1 mm on linear phyllodes), l:w 5-10 (15-27 on linear phyllodes), somewhat crowded, patent, straight or sometimes (especially on linear phyllodes) very slightly recurved, rigid, compressed but not obviously so when phyllodes very narrow (appearing somewhat angular), glabrous or with a sprinkling ol hairs near the base, dark green; 5-ncrvcd, nerves prominent and yellowish; mir/nT? central or more normally near lower margin; upper margin 1 mm wide, flat to very shallowly channelled, thick, nerve-like due to 2 prominent nerves which extend from base to apex; apex narrowed into a straight, rigid, subulate, orange to red-brown cusp r. 1 .5 mm long; pulvinus to 0.5 mm long, dilated at base, ± smooth, yellow to orange when dry. Gland not prominent, situated on the ± flattened upper margin, 2.5-4 mm above the pulvinus, ± circular, 0,3 mm diam., lip yellowish and not raised, central orifice shallow and brownish. Inflorescences simple, normally 1 per node, sometimes 2 at a few nodes, normally about as long as phyllodes; peduncles 5-9 mm long (3-4 mm on linear phyllode variant), patent to inclined, glabrous to moderately puberulous (hairs short, soft, white, straight to slightly hooked, patent to slightly reflexed or antrorse); basal peduncular bracts persistent, inconspicuous, c. 0.5 mm long, solitary, subtending adaxial sideof peduncle, ± debate to shallowly triangular but apex normally rounded, scarious, puberulous abaxially, dark brown. Heads globular, light to medium golden, 8-12-tlowcred, the I lowers not densely arranged; bracteoles oblong or narrowly spathulate, c. 0.5 mm long, scarious, puberulous abaxially, dark brown. H/oH-'crj4-merou.s; ca/yr gamosepalous, I/5-1/4 length of petals, commonly drying brownish, divided for 1/3-1/2 its length into triangular to debate, non-thickened, ciliolatc lobes; calyx tube turbinate, nerveless, glabrous to glabrescent; petals 1.6- 1.8 mm long, connaie for about 1/2 their length, .sparsely to moderately puberulous, obscurely 1 -nerved but normally appearing superficially nerveless. Pods terete, hardly constricted between seeds, to 6 cm long and 4.5 mm diam., with up to 7 seeds, moderately coriaceous, shallowly curved, obscurely longitudinally striate, densely minutely puberulous, red-brown, somewhat abruptly narrowed at both ends, margins not thickened. Seeds (slightly immature) longitudinal with hilum facing apex of pod, obloid, 5-5.5 mm long, 2.5-2. 8 mm wide, turgid, minutely tuberculateat hilar end, otherwise smooth, probably dull and dark brown at maturity; pleurogram open at hilar end; areole c. 3 X 1 .5 mm-, funicle c. I mm long, abruptly expanded into a thick yellowish conical aril 2.5 mm wide, 2.3 mm high and situated on top of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: in area between Narembeen and Kondinin, A. M. Ashby 5323 (AD. PERTH); c. 1 4 km N of Kellerbcrrin, L. Atkins HLA62 (PERTH); 10 km E of Cuballing (N of Narrogin) towards Wardering Brook then 1 km S along road towards the Narrogin- Wickepin road, 4., S'. George 1 06 1 0 (AD, BRI , CANB, PERTH); 5 km NE of Jitarning, R. Hnatiukl8{){)60 (PERTH); Monkepin. 4 Mar. 1 960, /?. T. Lange s.n. (PERTH 00122424); e. 7 km due NE of Rendering, B. R. MaslinAMS (NSW, PERTH); 7.5 km EofCorrigin towards Bcndering, B.R. Maslin421 1 (PERTH); Dryandra State Forest, D.M. Rose 55 1 (PERTH); E of Mundaring on West Talbot Rd, 6 Dec. 1976, 4. Selkirk s.n. (PERTH 00 1 22386). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west ofWestern Australia from Mundaring east to near Kellerbcrrin and south to between Dryandra State Forest and Kondinin. 392 Nuytsia Vol, 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in deep sand or gravelly loam or clay in high shriibland or woodland. Phenology. Flowering concentrated in May and June, but also seems to flower sporadically throughout the year. Pods with slighlly immature seeds collected in June and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the Latin rigidus (rigid, stiff), in reference to the phyllodes. Affinities. Acacia rigida is recognized by a combination of the following characters; phyllodes pungent, 5-nervcd, upper margin thick and nerve-like; peduncles axillary; flowers 4-merous; petals 1 -nerved; pods terete, striate, red-brown. On account of its phyllode and pod morphology A. costata Benth. is related to A. rigida hut is readily distinguished by its more numerous-flowered heads ( 13-1 9-flowcrcd), 5-merous flowers and striate petals. The new species also resembles members of the A. horridula group (Maslin 1 978) in i nflorescence and carpological features but is readily distinguished by its phyllodes having a thick, vein-like upper margin. Variation. Most collections ol /\. rigida are from the Corrigin-Kondinin area in the central wheatbelt and these specimens have peduncles 5-9 mm long and phyllodes which are asymmetrically lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 9- 1 4 mm long, 1.2-2mm wide and withal; wof5-10. Two collections (George 10610 and Selkirk s. n.) from along the western margin of the range (near Narrogin and east of Mundaring Weir), differ in their shorter peduncles (3-4 mm long) and linearphyllodes ( 1 5-20 mm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, l;w 15-27). Acacia rostellata Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex effusus plerumque ad 50 cm altus. Rainuli pungentes, teretes, hirtelli ad pubescentes. Stipulae 0.7-1 .5 mm longae, persistentes vel caducae. Phyllodia inaequilariter obtriangularia, acuta, mucronata, angulo supero rotundato, 3—6 mm longa, 2-4 mm lata, hirtella; nervus principalis medianus vel ad maiginem inlcrnum posilus; glans 1—3 mm supra pulvinain inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus, capitulo 1 . Peduncuh 4-10 mm longi, hirtelli vel pubescentes, raro glabri; capitula floribus 1^—15. Flores 5-mei i, I ai o 4-ineri. Sepala unita, hirtella. Petala hirtella, raro glabra, enervia. Legumen curvatum adciicinatuin, ad 30 mm longuin, 3—3.5 mm lalum, parum moniliforme, coriaceum, glabrum, pubescens vel hirtellum, atro-brunneum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea vel ellipsoidea, 2.5-3 mm longa. Typus: 1 8 km from Lake King towards Ravenslhorpe, Western Australia, 6 October 1 975, B.R. Maslin 3868 (holo: PERTH 00 1 83288; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY). Spreading x/)r«/r, commonly domed, ± dense, 1 0-50 cm tall (50-1 00 cm, Strid 21069). Branches much divided and ending in short, commonly ± pungent, terete, obscurely ribbed green branchlets which are densely hiitellous to ptibescenl (hairs usually patent and straight to slighlly curved, infrequently prominently curved and/or antrorsely ± appressed). Stipules triangular to narrowly tiiangular, 0.7— 1.5 mm long, scaiious, dark brown, not connate when young, persistent or caducous. Phyllodes inaequilalerally oblriangular to obdeltate, the upper apical angle rounded and the lower angle acute and distinctly rnucronate (mucro 0.3— 0.8 mm long, straight or shallowly recurved, ± pungent, daik brown), upper margin below the rounded angle commonly partially or wholly parallel B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 393 to and abutting the branchlet, distal edge of upper margin with a shallow sinus near where main nerve intersects this margin, 3-6 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, l:w 1—2, inclined to ascending, slightly undulate, moderately to densely hirtellous (hairs straight and patent) or occasionally sparsely antrorsely hairy with indumentum commonly confined to margins, green; midrib almost central or clearly near lower maigin, obscuic or somewhat prominent, shortly concurrent with upper margin near the mucro, rarely a few phyllodes with a second minor nerve diverging from pulvinus; lateral nerves absent or very few and obscure; pulvinus 0. 1 -0.5 mm long, dull yellow or gold, transversely wrinkled. Gland 1-3 mm above base. Inflorescence an extremely reduced 1 -headed raceme, the axis to c. 1 mm long and supporting 3 bracts, peduncles 4— 1 0 mm long, slender, hirtellous or pubescent, occasionally glabrous, basal bracts 2 or 3, brown, larger than raceme bracts. Heads globular, lemon-yellow or golden, 8-15- flowered, 3-4 mm diam.; hracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous, a few occasionally 4-merous in some heads, calyx gamoscpalous, divided for 1/4— 1/2 its length into ± triangular lobes, hirtellous; petals 1—1.5 mm long, hiitellous to hiisutellous, infrequently glabrous, nerveless. Pods curved to openly 1 -coiled, to 30 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, prominently rounded over seeds alternately on each face, slightly to model ately constricted between seeds, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, pubescent or hirtellous, dark brown to blackish. Seeds longitudinal, ± plano-convex, ovoid to ellipsoid or obloid, 2.5-3 mm long, 1 .8-2 mm wide, rugulose, black, du\\- pleurogram obscure, open at hilar end; areole 1 .2-1.5 mm long, 0.5-0.8 mm wide; /m//vc 715 (B, BM, E, G, K, L, M, US,Z).] Harsh shrub 0.2-1 .5 m high. Burk light grey to mid-grey. Branchlets rigid, glabrous or minutely hairy. Stipules persistent or caducous, 1-2 mm long. Phy I/odes ± sessile, scattered, verticillate or subverticillate, ± patent, linear or linear-lanceolate, straight to shallowly curved, terete, quadrangular or Bat, 6-25 mm long, 0.6-2 mm wide, pungent, rigid, green, smooth, glabrous or nerves ± sparsely puberulous; neiyes 5 but the 2 adaxial nerves coalescing at the ± obscure gland, 1 -nerved per face when flat. Inflorescences simple, mostly 1 per axil; peduncles 3-13 mm long, glabrous; heads showy, globular, 13-50- flowered, bright golden. Flowers 5-merous; .sepals free, spathulate, dark brown at apex. Pods narrowly oblong to linear, to 4 cm long, 2.5-7 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to somewhat crustaceous, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, 2.5-5 mm long, dark brown to black, arillatc. Distribution. Common in south-west Western Australia from near Port Gregory south to near the Stirling Range and east to near Scaddan. Typification. The type sheet of /\. sphacelata at Kew supports two Drummond collections, one unnumbered (the holotype) and the other annotated no. 299. Comparing the photograph and notes 400 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) I made in 1975 of the hololype with the herb. PERTH isotype of/f. tamminensis, it is evident that the two specimens represent the same taxon. Although the name A. tamminensis has been m common use for this widespread Western Australian wheatbelt species, it must now be replaced by the earlier name A. sphacelata. Pritzel seems to have been confused about the identity of A. sphacelata. Although he described this species |as A. tamminensis] ba.sed on a Diels specimen collected near Tammin, he also collected it between the Moore and Murchison Rivers. This gathering, Pritzel 375, is represented in numerous herbaria ( B, BM, E, K, M, MO, P, US) where it is labelled either A. sphacelata or A. striatula. Variation. Acacia sphacelata is a variable species but can be recognized by its ± sessile, pungent, 4- or5-nerved phyllodes which are not inserted on raised leaf bases, its showy, globular flower heads, its 5-mcrous flowers and its tree. linear-spathulate sepals which are dark brown towards their apices (thus the specific epithet, sphacelata). Notes. Until now the name A. sphacelata has generally been misapplied to A. sessilis Benth. For example, the distribution given in Maslin & Pedley (1982) as A. sphacelata is that of A. sessilis', the distribution of A. tamminensis given there is that of A. sphacelata. Subspecies. Two new subspecies are recognized here, one along the north-western and one on the southern margin of the species’ range. Key to subspecies of Acacia sphacelata 1 Phyllodes all or mostly verticillate, subverticillate or in groups of 2 or 3 per node 1 . Phyllodes .scattered (rarely 2 or 3 together at a few nodes) 2 Phyllodes mostly straight, linear, terete or quadrangular; gland situated near or above middle of phyllode 3-8 mm above base 2. Phyllodes mostly shallowly recurved, compressed or sometimes quadrangular; gland situated on lower half of phyllode (l)2-3(5) mm above base Acacia sphacelata Benth. subsp. sphacelata Harsh, rigid s'/irai’ normally toe. 1 .5 m tall, firane/i/ete normally glabrous or (towards their apicies) minutely hirsutellous to antrorsely puberulous. Stipules normally soon caducous. Phyllodes mostly scattered, very rarely interspersed with some that are clustered (2 together) or whorled (2 or 3 together), terete to quadrangular, 6-25 mm long, 0.6-1 .3 mm wide, straight or sometimes shallowly incurved or recurved, normally glabrous; nerves 4 or 5, the 2 adaxial nerves coalescing at the gland. Gland near or above middle of phyllode, .3-8 mm above the base. Peduncles normally 5-10 (rarely 3-4) mm long. Flowers 22-50 per head. Pods 3-5 mm wide. Seeds 2.5-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 88miles[c. 141 km] from Albany on Borden- Pingruproad,A.M.A4i/iy4732(PERTH);23.5 kmSSEofPeakCharles,A/.A. Burgman Hm&S.McNee (PERTH); near Pithara, C.A. Gardner 2204 (PERTH); about 16 km SE of Kulin, R.J. Hnatiukll0\65 (PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] W of Quairading on road to York, B.R. Maslin 490 (CANB, K, PERTH); 13mdes [c. 21 km]Eol Karalee on Great Eastern Highway, fi./?. Maslin 1853 (AD, PERTH); Charles Gardner Flora Reserve, 1 9 km S of d’ammin, B.R. Maslin 4079 (PERTH); about 35 km due WNW of Arrino, B.R. Maslin 4800 (PERTH): Deefor Rd, c. 6 km ESE of Yarra Rd, 38 km E of Lesmurdie, subsp. verticillata subsp. sphacelata subsp. recurva B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 401 B.R.Maslin6\%9 (PERTH); 25 km WNW of Barker Lake, c. 70 km SE of Southern Cross, K. Newbey 5290 (MEL, PERTH); Ravensthorpe, 26 June 1924, (PERTH 00125601); 15 miles [24 km] S of Tammin, R.D. Royce 93 1 5 (PERTH). Distribution. Common in the wheatbelt area ol the south-west of Western Australia, from near Port Gregory, south to Ongerup and Ravensthorpe and east to near Southern Cross and Peak Charles (south- west of Norseman). Habitat. Grows on sand or laterite, sometimes with loam or clay, commonly in heath, shrubland or mallee woodland. In the Darling Range, east ot Perth, it sometimes occurs in loam on granite outcrops. Phenology. Flowering recorded from May to August, the main Bush in June and July; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Acacia sphacelata subsp. recurva Maslin, subsp. nov. Ab Acacia sphacelata subsp. sphacelata characteribus sequentibus differt: Phyllodia 10-18 mm longa, 1.2-2 mm lata, comprcssa sed crassa et in utraque facie costa mediana prominente provisa; phyllodia angusta, in sicco quadrangularia, leviter recurva, interdum autem phyllodiis nonnullis rectis interspersa, margine superiore recto ad leviter concavo, glans ( 1 )2-3(5) mm supra basin phyllodii sita. Pedunculi 3-5 mm longi. Capitula 13-23-flora. Typus: 5 miles [8 km] north of Chillinup Pool, Pallinup River, Western Australia, 19 July 1971, K. Newbey 3398 {holo: PERTH 00773670; iso: K). Distinguished from subsp. sphacelata in the following ways. Phyllodes 10-18(24) mm long, 1.2-2 mm wide, compressed but thick and with a prominent midrib on each face, narrow phyllodes quadrangular when dry, shallowly recurved but commonly interspersed with some which are straight; upper margin convex; lower margin straight to shallowly concave. Gland ( 1 )2-3(5) mm above base. Peduncles 3-5(8) mm long. Flowers 13-23(25) per head. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: YateSwamp, 2 miles [3.2 km] SWof Quoin Head Rd turnoff, T.E.H. Aplin 4749 (PERTH); c. 46 km due SE of Hyden, B.R.Maslin 6368 (PERTH, Z); Tambellup, yl. Meebold 1 1 624 (M); cultivated, Melbourne Botanic Garden, Sep. 1 868, F. Mueller j.n. (MEL 92053); I I km WofGnowangerup, A'. /Vevv/7ey 3407 (PERTH); 25km ESE of Mt Gibbs, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newbey 5422 (PERTH); East Boundary Rd, S of Chillinup, M.H. Simmons 593 (PERTH); 8 km SW of Ongerup, N. Stevens KRN9495- 1 (MELU, PERTH); Scaddan, P. van derMoezel 372 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west of Western Australia, principally from Gnowangerup and Ongerup, east to near Scaddan and north to near Hyden. Habitat. Grows in well-drained sites, on sand, sometimes loam or clay in open shrub mallee or eucalypt woodland over heath. Although subsp. recunm usually occurs as scattered, solitary plants, it does regenerate prolifically in cleared areas following summer rain. It is a fast-growing species with a single tap root and has an extensive lateral root system. Its life-span is 8-1 0 years. These data were supplied by K.R. Newbey (pers. comm.). 402 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; immature pods collected in October. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The subspecific epithet, from the Latin recurvus (curved backwards), refers to the phyllode shape. Discussion. Subspecies recun’a is generally recognized by its shallowly recurved, commonly slightly compressed phyllodes and its short peduncles. It is distinguished from the more widely distributed typical subspecies in characters given in the diagnosis above. Although the ranges of the two subspecies come together near Ongcrup they are not known to grow sympatrically. Some specimens of subsp. recurva with broad phyllodes superficially resemble the eastern Australian species A. siculifonnis A. Cunn. ex Bcnth, but the latter is readily recognized by its branchlets which have prominent Icnticels or bark breaking into ± rectangular flakes, 4-nerved phyllodes (adaxial nerve not bifurcating at the gland as in subsp. recurva), 30-40 flowers per head and its filiform, non-arillate funicles. Acacia sphacelata subsp. verticillata Maslin, subsp. nov. Frutex rigidus, ad 0.5 m altus, ab Acacia sphacelata subsp. sphacelata characteribus sequentibus diversa: Ramuli imprimis apieem versus hispiduli ad puberuli vel interdum fere glabri. Stipulae plerumque ad basin phyllodiorum plurimorum persistentes, interdum caducae. Phyllodia regulariter (vel interdum irregulariter) verticillata, in quoque verticillo ad 6-8, sed saepe nonnulla solitaria vel (in plerumque 2 vel 3) fasciculata interspersa, (4-6)8-19 mm longa, 0.8-1 .8 mm lata, normaliter secus nervos sparse antrorse puberula. Pedunculi 6- 1 3 mm longi. Capitula 22-32-flora. Legumina 5-7 mm lata. Semina 4.5-5 mm longa, 3. 2-3. 8 mm lata. Typus: 1 .5 km north of MtLesucur, north-east of Jurien, Western Australia, 20 July I979,£.A. Griffin 1965 (holo: PERTH 00773778; iso: PERTH 00773689). Harsh, rigid shrub to 0.5 m tall distinguished from subsp. .sphacelata in the following ways. Branchlets (especially towards their apices) hirsutellous to puberulous or sometimes almost glabrous. Stipules normally persistent at base of most phyllodes but sometimes falling. Phyllodes in regular (or sometimes irregular) whorls of up to 6-8 but frequently interspersed with some which are solitary or clustered (usually 2 or 3 together), normally 8- 1 9 m m long (rarely 4-6 mm), 0.8- 1 .8 mm wide, normally sparsely antrorsely puberulous along nerves. Peduncles 6- 1 3 mm long. Flowers 22-32 per head. Pods 5-7 mm wide. Seeds 4.5-5 mm long, 3.2-3. 8 mm wide. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 2 miles (c. 3.2 km] N of Regans Ford on Brand Highway, R.7. CranfleltJ 21 1 (PERTH); 2 miles [c. 3.2 km] E of Brand Highway along McNamara Rd, R.J. Cranfield 245 (PERTH); 3.3 miles [c. 5.3 km] N of Cataby Roadhou.se on Brand Highway, R. Gumming 1698 (PERTH); Moore River National Park, c. 26 km N of Gingin on Brand Highway, D.G. Fell 0240 (PERTH); Hill River, June 1943, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 00127078); 1 .5 km N of Mt Lesueur, NE of Jurien, E.A. Griffin 1 965 (PERTH); 5 km N of Cataby Roadhouse on Brand Highway, B.R. Maslin 548 1 (PERTH); 2.7 km NE Irom Brand Highway on McNamara Rd (which intersects the Highway c. 8 km S of Badgingarra, B.R. Maslin 5485 (PERTH). B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 403 Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, common from Mt Lesueur east to Badgingarra and south to the Moore River National Park. Habitat. Grows in sand or lateritic sand in low open shrubland or open heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from May to July; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. Specific epithet from the Latin verticillatus (whorled), in reference to the arrangement of the phyllodes. Acacia sphenophylla Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex intricatuseffususO-3-1 .3 m altus. Ramuli tcretes, subtilitercostati, pungentes, pubescentes ad hirsutelli vel glabri. Stipulae 1.5-2 longae, persistentes vel caducac. Phyllodia inaequilatere obtriangularia ad cuneata, mucronata, angulo supero obtuso, plerumque 3.5-8 mm longa, 1.5^ mm lata, glabra vel parce hirtclla, nervis 2 vel 3; glans obscura. Inflorescenlia racemus reductus capitulis 1 vel 2. Pedunculi 4- 8 mm longi, glabri, raro pubescentes; capitula floribus 15-30. Flores 5-meri. Sepalaunita, lobisciliatis, cetera glabra. Petala glabra, 1 -nervosa. Legumen apertecircinatum,parum moniliforme, ad 15 inm longum, 2-3 mm latum, chartaceum ad coriaceum, glabrum vel parce hirsutellum, atro-brunneum. Semina longitudinalia, ovoidea ad ellipsoidea, 2 mm longa; arillus clavatus. Typus: near 413 mile peg |48 km north of Murchison River crossing]. North West Coastal Highway, Western Australia, 2 January 1972, A.S. George 1 1226 {holo: PERTH 00705322). Intricate, ± rounded, spreading shrub 0.3-1 .3 m tall and to 2 m across, dividing at or near ground level into a few main stems, upper branches much divided. Bark light to mid-grey, smooth. Branchlets terete, finely ribbed, patent to erect, sharply or sometimes coarsely pungent, pubescent to hirsutellous (hairs short, soft or slightly coarse, straight, patent to slightly reflexed) or glabrous, commonly pruinose at extremities, the pruinosity sometimes occurring only on the upper exposed surface (green beneath). Stipules persistent or caducous, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, 1 .5-2 mm long, light brown and connate upon initiation on the very young new shoots. Phyllodes inequilateral, variable in shape and size, obtriangular to cuneate with the upper apical angle obtuse and the lower angle mucronate (mucro rigid, ± pungent, to 0.5 mm long, dark brown), distal margin (between mucroand upper angle) ± obliquely truncate and commonly shallowly concave, infrequently some sublunate, (3)3.5- 8( 1 1 ) mm long, 1 .5-4(5 ) mm wide, 1: w 1 .5-3.5, ascending to erect, glabrous or sparsely hirtellous (hairs usually restricted to margins and main nerves), dark green, slightly shiny; with 2 or 3 rather obvious (at least when dry) longitudinal nerves, the lowermost nerve situated near and ± parallel with lower margin and terminating in the mucro, this nerve commonly the most pronounced, other nerves sparingly divided and mostly running into distal margin. Gland insignificant, on adaxial margin between pulvinus and upper angle. 0. 1-0.2 mm diam. Inflorescence an extremely reduced 1 (very rarely 2)-headed raceme; raceme axis less than 0.5 mm long and subtended by 2, unequal, usually persistent, sessile, brown, glabrous or fimbriolate bracts 0.5-0. 8 mm long; a vegetative bud commonly arising from axis and growing out during anthesis; peduncles 4-8(15) mm long, glabrous, infrequently pubescent; basal peduncular bracts subpersistent, 1.5-2 mm long, deeply cleft with age, brown, obscurely striate, glabrous or fimbriolate. Heads globular or obloid, golden, 7 mm diam. at anthesis 404 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) (fresh), 15-30-flowcred; hracteoles spathulatc, c. 1 inm long, claws .shorter than the scarious lamina which is 0.5-0. 7 mm wide, concave, acute to sub-acute, brown, fimbriolate. Flowers 5-merous; calyx c. 1/2 length of corolla, gamosepalous, irregularly lobed, the 2 lobes enclo.sed by the bracteole smaller than the 3 on opposite side, the lobes ciliale, otherwise glabrous; petals 1.5-2 mm long, glabrous, 1-nerved, the nerve commonly slightly thickened. Pods openly 1-1 1/2 coiled, rounded over seeds and moderately constricted between them, to 15 mm long (unexpanded), 2-3 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to very thinly coriaccou.s-cru.staceous, glabrous or sparsely hirsutellous, slightly shiny, dark brown to black. Seeds longitudinal, ovoid or ellipsoid but obliquely truncate along edge adjacent to aril, 2 mm long, c. 1 .5 mm wide, turgid ( 1 .3 mm thick), brown to almost black, not mottled, shiny; pleurogram very obscure, open at hilar end, bordered by an obscure rim of yellowish tissue; areole 0.5 mm long, 0.2 mm w\dc\ fimicle filiform, c. 1 .5 mm long, reflexed below the ± clavate aril which is ridged adaxially, extends wholly or more down one side of seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Ajana plains, N ofGeraldton, W.E. Blackall 612 (PERTH); Wandalong Rd. [N of] Y una, A. C. Burns 84 (PERTH); 24. 1 km from Kalbarri Coast Rd towards Ajana, R.S. Cowan 813 (PERTH); 13 km N of Murchison River bridge, H. Demarz D7645 (PERTH); 30.5 km from Kalbarri towards Ajana, B.R. Maslin 3327 (PERTH); 48 km N of Murchison River on North West Coastal Highway, B.R. Maslin 3343 (AD, BM, BRI, CANB, G, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 21 km from Nabawa towards Yuna, B.R. Maslin 335 1 (K, MO, NY, PERTH); 21 .2 km SW of Nabawa, M.D. HWn/c 2756 (CANB, K, NSW, PERTH, US);c. 20kmNof JungaDam,P.G. Wilson6691 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from near Geraldton north to the 100 Mile Tank, c. 50 km north of the Murchison River crossing on the North West Coastal Highway. Habitat. Grows in sand or loam, sometimes over laterite, in mixed open scrub, tall shrubland or open heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from late June to September; mature pods collected in late October and December to January. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. From the Greek sphenos (a wedge) and phyllon (a leaf), in reference to the phyllode shape. Affinities. Acacia sphenopliylla is a member of the A. pravifolia group (see Maslin, in press), and is closely related to A. pravifolia F. Muell. itself, a species with a wide, discontinuous distribution in Australia, i.e. south-east Queensland, the western slopes and plains of New South Wales between Cobar, Narrabri and Temora, the Flinders and Lofty Ranges, South Australia and in Western Australia from Israelite Bay west to Boxwood Hill and north to near Wubin. These two species have the same basic inflorescence structure and somewhat similarphy I lodes and seeds. Besides normally being distinguished by differences in phyllode shape and size (A. pravifolia usually has obtriangularto obdeltate phyllodes with l;w not above 2), the two species arc distinguished by their pods. In A. pravifolia the pods are rather tightly coiled and irregularly twisted and the aril is 1/2-2/3 the length of the seed. Furthermore, except for the Western Australian representatives of the species (which occur further south than A. sphenophylla). A. pravifolia has broader pods [c. 5 mm wide) with larger seeds (3-4.5 mm long and c. 3 mm wide). In Western Australia the pods of A. pravifolia arc c. 3 mm wide with seeds 2-2.5 mm long but, in addition to the characters given above, these plants are readily distinguished from A. sphenophylla by their very short peduncles! 1-3 mm long), smaller heads, and small (2-4 mm long), obtriangular to obdeltate phyllodes which are about as long as wide. B.R. MasHn, Acacia miscellany 16 405 Acacia sphenophyllu is also related to A. acanthoclada F. Muell. on account of its spinescent branchlcts, connate stipules (when young), and phyllode shape and size. Individual character differences between the two species are not great but, when taken in combination, the attributes discussed below justify specilic rank for the new taxon. The geographical ranges of the two species do not overlap, yf . sphenophylla being distributed to the north-west of A. acanthoclada. The pods are the most obvious character distinguishing the two species. In /I. acanthoclada they are tightly many- coiled with the valves scarcely constricted between the obscurely mottled seeds. In A. sphenophylla the pods arc loosely coiled once to II /2 times and moderately constricted between the non-mottled seeds. Additionally/), acanthocladalvds innocuous, I -nerved phyllodes (although the nerves are often obscure) which are sometimes glaucous. Acacia tetraptera Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex clTusus 0.2-0. 7 m altus. Ramuli divaricati, teretes, puberuli, glabrescentes. Stipulae c. 0.5 mm longac, caducae. Phyllodia conferta, asymmetrice ovata ad depresso-ovata vel oblata, abruptc vel gradatim in apieem grosse pungentem contracta, 2.5-4 mm longa, 2.2-4 mm lata, costa in porca prominenti paginae utracque posita, et marginibus ctiam nervosis; glans obscura, 1-2 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inriorescentia racemus reductus capitulis 1 vel 2. Pcdunculi 4-8 mm longi, glabri; capitula floribtis 20-50. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala libera, glabra vel parcc puberula. Petala glabra, obscure I -nervosa. Legumen subtcrcs, curvatum ad subcireinatum, ad 20 mm longum, c, 2 mm latum, coriaceum ad crustaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloidca, c. 2 mm longa; arillus conicus, flavus. Typus: Fields Rd, 1 1 km north of Rolland Rd, c. 50 km due east-north-east of Grass Patch, Western Australta, 14 August 1985. B.R. Afn.v/m 5793 (/m/o.- PERTH 00729167; wo.- CANB, G, K, MEL, NY). Spreading to low-spreading shrub, open to moderately open, divaricately branched, 0.2-0. 7 m tall and the same or wider across, single-stemmed or up to 6-branched at ground level, stems and branches slender. Bark grey, finely roughened. New shoots dull red, initiated at anthesis and arising at distal end of raceme axes within axil of peduncle. Branchlcts terete, finely nerved towards apex (nerves yellow or light brown and most evident immedititely below insertion of phyllodes), moderately to densely puberulous to somewhat tomentulosc (hairs patent to antronse); mature branchlets glabresccnt and with a longitudinally fissured, light grey epidermal layer which exfoliates to reveal a finely roughened undersurface (this surface breaking into ± irregular rectangular plates). Stipules linear- triangular, 0.5 mm long, rather spread! ng.scarious, dark brown, l ulling with age. P/tv/Zodev asymmetric, widely ovate to widely depressed-ovate or oblate, 2.5-4 mm long, 2.2-4 mm wide, l:w 0.7-1 .2, thick, smooth and turgid when fresh, prominently ridged on each face when dry (ridge central or excentric, very shallowly sinuous, extending from base to apex), rather crowded towards ends of branchlets but falling with age, patent toslightly inclined orrarely slightly reclined, glabrous. green;/?cn’er5, 1 along adaxial margin. 1 on each face along crest ofthe prominent ridge, and 2 very fine and obscure on adaxial margin which coalesce above the gland and extend to the apex as a single, broad, yellow or brown nerve; lateral nen>es submerged and not readily apparent; ape.x abruptly or ± gradually naiTowcd into a short (c. 0.5 mm long) thick, indurate, subulate, coarsely pungent, straight to uncinate point which is dark brown at its tip; pidviniis O.l-O.A mm long, yellowish brown and finely transversely wrinkled when dry, glabrous or adaxially puberulous. Gland inconspicuous, on upper margin of phyllode (between the 2 fine adaxial nerves) I -2 mm above pul vinus, normally circular and c. 0.2mmdiam., lip not raised, brown when dry. Inflorescences showy, usually concentrated towards ends of branches, extremely reduced 2( I )-headed racemes with axes less than 0.5 mm long; new shoots sometimes initiated at anthesis from distal end ofaxis; peduncle A-'A mm long, glabrous; ba.'ial peduncular bracts caducous. 406 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) solitary, broadest at base and narrowed towards apex, 1 — 1.5 mm long, curved, concave, sessile, puberulous abaxially, dark brown. Heads prolific, globular, bright light- to mid-golden, 7 mm diam. at anthesis (fresh), 4-5 mm diam. (dry), 20-3()-nowered; young buds pale orange, ageing yellow; ftracteo/e^ insignificant, linear, c. 0.7 mm long. Flowers 5-mcrou&\ sepals c. 1/2 the length of the petals, free, either linear spathulate or oblong but slightly dilated at the apex, glabrous or sparsely puberulous abaxially; petals 1 .5 mm long, oblanceolate, free at anthesis, glabrous, very obscurely 1 -nerved. Pods strongly arcuate to subcoiled, subterete, barely constricted between seeds, to 20 mm long, c. 2 mm wide, slightly coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, not reticulate, glabrous, black when dry, abruptly constricted at base; marginal nerve not thickened, light brown. Seeds longitudinal with hilum facing apex of pod, obloid, abruptly narrowed at hilar end. rounded at base, c. 2 mm long and 1 .5 mm wide, turgid (c. 1 mm thick), shiny, grey with black mottlings, marked with anon-raised, black peripheral nerve; pleurogram obscure, slightly excentric, open at hilar end; areole 0. 3-0.4 mm long, 0.2 mm w\de.',funicle filiform, c. I mm long, expanded into a yellow conical aril situated on top of the seed. Selected specimens examined, WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 10.2-10.5 km N of Rolland Rd on Fields Rd, G.F. Craig 2109 (PERTH); 6 1 .8 km along Lake King-Norseman road from Vermin Proof Fence, G.F. Craig 3300A (PERTH); 7 km S of Mt Holland, H. Demarz 1 1 663 (PERTH); Peak Charles turnoff on LakeKing-Kumarl road, B.R. Masim 5792 (AD, BRI, CANB, G,MEL, MO, NSW, PERTH); 20 km NE of Peak Charles, c, 4 1 km NW of Salmon Gums, K. Newbey 6484 (K, PERTH); 22 km WNW of Roberts Swamp, c. 53 km W of Grass Patch. K. Newbey 8 1 38 (PERTH); Frank Hann National Park, R.D. Royce 10219 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, extending from Mt Holland in the north and The Pimple (c. 40 km east of Hyden) in the west, south to Muckinwobert Rock (north-east of Ravensthorpe) and east to near Grass Patch. Most collections are from and near the Frank Hann and Peak Charles National Parks. Habitat. Grows in well-drained loam or shallow sand over clayey loam on almost flat to gently undulating plains or low granite rises in open shrub mallee or low woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. Named from the Greek letra- (four-) and -pterus (-winged), in reference to the phyllodes which appear so in transverse section. Hybrids. One collection ( W of Peak Eleanora, M.A. Burgman & S. McNee 223 1 , PERTH) appears to represent a possible hybrid with A. merrallii F. Muell. Discussion. Acacia tetraptera has very characteristic phyllodes. Apart from being among the smallest in the genus they are thick, smooth and turgid when fresh, however, upon drying the tissue on either side of the midrib collapses to produced a prominently raised ridge on each face of the phyllodes. Other characters useful in recognising this new species include its small, thick, rather crowded, apiculate phyllodes (apiculum straight or recurved), its small heads on short peduncles and its circinate pods. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 407 Acacia truculenta Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex echinatus, elTusus, 0.7-2. 2 m altus. Ramuli teretes, rigidi, costati, glabri. Stipulae 2-4 mm longae, rigidae, persistentes. Phyllodia parum inaequaliter lanceolata ad anguste triangularia, interdum ovata, altenuata, cuspidata, 7-13 mm longa, 1.8-3. 6 mm lata, glabra; costa mediana vel parum excentrica; glans 1-3.5 mm supra pul vinam inserta. Inllorescentia simplex. Pedunculi6-8 mm longi, glabri, bractcis 2 lateralibus basalibus; capitula floribus c. 23, sine bracteolis. Flores 5-meri. Sepala libera, glabra vel lamina parcc pubescenli. Petala glabra, obscure 1-nervosa. Legumen teres, curvatum, 3-5 cm longum, 2-4 mm latum, coriaccum ad crustaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, obloideo-ellipsoidea, 3-3.5 mm longa; arillus terminalia. Typus: Frank Hann National Park, 68 km by road east of Lake King store towards Peak Charles, Western Australia, 1 3 August 1 985. B.R. Maslin 5783 (holo: PERTH 00758469; iso; CANB, G, K, MEL, NY). Harsh shrub, spreading to spreading to erect, moderately open, 0.7-2. 2 m tall, 0.8-1 .5 m diam. Bark rough, dark grey to black. Branchlets rather sparingly divided, ± straight, rigid, when young terete and green but marked with rather obvious yellow ribs, glabrous, later splitting to reveal rough dark bark. Stipules 2-4 mm long, slender (0. 3-0.4 mm diain. at base), widely spreading, straight, rigid, pungent, glabrous, light brown but sometimes yellowish at base, persistent. Phyllodes slightly asymmetric, sessile, lanceolate to narrowly triangular, sometimes ovate, broadest below middle, the upper margin obviously more convex than the lower and frequently narrowed to intersect the midrib 1/2-2/3 along the phyllode, 7-13 mm long (including cusp), 1.8-3. 6 mm wide, l;w 2-6, somewhat crowded (and frequently smaller) at base of branchlet but terminally rather distant, patent to very slightly reclined, straight, rigid, compressed, glabrous, dull medium to darkish green; midrib central or sometimes slightly excentric, frequently prominently raised when dry, green to yellow; lateral nerves not evident; marginal nerves yellowish, neither thickened nor prominent, adaxial marginal nerve bifurcating 1-4.5 mm above base of phyllode; apex gradually tapered to a straight, rigid, light brown cusp 1- 2 mm long. Gland no\ prominent, sometimes absent, situated 1-3.5 mm above the base of phyllode below thebifurcation of the adaxial nerve, circular or oblong, 0.3-0.5 mm long, brown. Inflorescences simple, 1 per axil', peduncles 6-8 mm long, rather slender, glabrous, commonly reddish brown when dry; ba.sal peduncular bracts 2, persistent, laterally positioned, scarious, brown, glabrous, sessile, concave, c. 1 mmlong, of unequal width, the narrower 0.0.5 mm wide, the broader c. 1 mm wide. Heads globular, c. 5 mm diam. when dry. deep golden yellow, c. 23-nowered; bracteoles absent. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. I /2 length of petals, free to base, very narrowly lincar-spathulate, claws yellow and glabrous; lamina .slightly expanded, light brown, glabrous or with a sprinkling of hairs; petals to 2 mm long, connate for c. 1/2 their length, very obscurely 1-ncrved but superficially appearing nerveless, glabrous, the apex acute, slightly thickened. Gynnecium glabrous. Pods ± terete, 3-5 cm long, 2- 4 mm wide, coriaceous-crustaceous, curved, red-brown, not striate, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 3-3.5 mm long, mottled; aril terminal. Selected specimens examined. WE.STERN AUSTRALIA: 35.4 km Eof Vermin Proof Fence along Lake King-Norseman road, Frank Hann National Park, G.F. Craig 29()9B (CANB, PERTH); 35 kmWofMt Glasse, Bremer Range, K. Newbey 5574 (PERTH); 20 km NNE of Swallow Rock, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newbey 6858 ( PERTH); 1 9 km NNEof Swallow Rock, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newbey 7223 (PERTH); 35.6 km NE of Ninety Mile Tank (which is between Lake King and Salmon Gums), M. Trudgen 17 16 (PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to a small area in the south-west of Western Australia, from between Swallow Rock (east of Lake King) and Mt Glasse in the Bremer Range including the Frank Hann National Park. 408 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows on sand or loam in low woodland or open mallee scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; mature pods collected in January. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. Named from the Latin truculentus (savage, harsh), in reference to the prickly nature of the plant due to its pungent phyllodes and stipules. Affinities. Uncertain. This is a harsh, glabrous species, recognized by its pungent stipules, its widely spreading, ovate to lanceolate, rigid, sessile, pungent phyllodes, its solitary peduncles with two laterally positioned bracts at their base, its lack of bracteoles and its 5-merous flowers with free sepals. Acacia tuberculata Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex diffusus 0.5-2 0 altus, ramulis phyllodiis et pedunculis resino-papillosis. Ramuli teretes, subtiliter costati, puheruli. .Slipulae 1-2 mm longae, basibus persistentibus. Phyllodia anguste elliptica ad oblongo-elliplica, obtusa vel acuta, inucronulata, 10-30 mm longa, 2-5 mm lata, costa marginibusque puberulis pilis tubercularibus, pilis demum cadentibus praeter bases tuberculiformes; costa prominens; glans 3-6 mm supra pulvinam inserta. Inflorescentia racemus, capitulis 2-5 sphaericis ad obloideis. Pedunculi 6-20 mm longi, glabri vel parce puberuli; capitula floribus 30-60. Flores 5-meri. Scpala ± libera, subglabra. Pctala glabra, enervia. Legumen non visum. Typiis: base of Ml Vernon, southern side. Western Australia, 10 September 1988, B.R. Maslin 6317 {holo: PERTH 00862274; iso: CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH 00862827). Diffuse shrub 0.5-2 m tall. Bark smooth, dark grey. New shoots light green, phyllode margins red. Branchlets terete, ± straight, lenticels scattered, finely ribbed, light grey cuticle persisting in region of ribs, inter-rib area red-brown where cuticle has exfoliated, puberulous with the commonly tubercule- based hairs mostly confined to ribs. Young branchlets, phyllodes and commonly the peduncles puncticulate with minute, brown to black, ± circular, flat, resin papillae. Stipules narrowly triangular, 1-2 mm long, at mature nodes normally only the hardened bases persisting as blunt tooth-like projections by loss of stipule apex. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 10-30 mm long, occasionally a few to 4.5 cm, 2-5 mm wide, l;w 4-10(13), moderately coriaceous, subsessile, not easily separated from stem, ± straight, flat or margins slightly to prominently undulate, dark green, slightly shiny, margins and midribs antrorsely puberulous, hairs tubercle-based and wearing away with age leaving prominent, yellow tubercles; midrib prominent, slightly curved towards adaxial margin at base of phyllode, adaxial margin 2-nerved below gland and ± flat, 1 -nerved above; lateral nerves few, very obscure; apex obtuse to acute, mucronulate; pulvinus reduced to a very narrow, dilated rim of yellow-brown tissue. Gland 3-6 mm above base, sometimes absent, 0. 2-0.4 mm long, circular to oblong. Inflorescences arising at base of axillary new shoots, the lowermost peduncle inserted at extreme base of shoot and subtended by a broadly oblong-ovate, slightly concave bract c. 0.5 mm long, subsequent peduncles usually with a phyllode arising at base and flanked by a pair of stipules. Inflorescence a 2-5-headed raceme, the axis 4-7 mm long and sometimes growing out, the subsequent inflorescences produced as single axillary heads; peduncles 6-20 mm long, slender, glabrous to sparsely puberulous; bract near or above middle of peduncle; semi-persistent, oblong to ovate, 1 mm long, erect, subglabrous. Heads globular to obloid, interspersed with a few shortly cylindrical spikes in occasional specimens, mid-golden, 5.5-7 mm long, 4-5.5 mm diam.. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 409 30-60-flowered; hracteoles narrowly spathulate, c. I mm long; claws linear, subglabrous; laminae ± ovate, shallowly incurved, acute, subglabrous. Flowers 5-merous; sepals c. 1>IA length of petals, membranous, mostly divided to base, rarely a few irregularly united, spathulate, occasionally linear, subglabrous; petals 1 .1-2 mm long, glabrous, nerveless. Pods and seeds not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 300 m W from Wave Rock turnoff to Hyden, R. SMe/jrig 385 (PERTH); Ml Vernon, M. Grahams.n. (CANB, PERTH 00866822); base of Mt Vernon, southern side, /!./?. 63 i7A (PERTH); 1 1 miles [ 17.7 km] NE of Hyden, /(.Aew/bey 1081 (CANB, MEL, PERTH); E of Hyden near turnoff to Wave Rock, M. Simmons 354 (PERTH); c. 6 km N of Hyden on the road to The Humps, M.7/. Simmons 1317 (PERTH); Camel Peaks, due N of Hyden, A". Wallace 18 19 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, known only from Mt Vernon (c. 50 km south-east of Hyden) and localities close to Hyden (i.e.nearWave Rock, The Humps and Camel Peaks). Habitat. Seemingly confined to soils associated with large granite outcrops. Phenology. Flowering recorded from late August to early October. Fruiting not known. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. From the Latin tuberculatus (covered with small swellings), in reference to the tubercles at the base of the hairs on the phyllode margins and midrib. After the hairs have dropped, the margins and midrib are obviously warty. Affinities. This new species is most closely allied to A. dentifera Benth. and A. granilicola (see above). These three .species common ly share the fol lowing important characters: ( 1 ) mature stipules commonly thick and hardened at base and persisting as small, blunt, tooth-like projections by loss of stipule apex (this character is infrequent in A. graniticola)\ (2) peduncles with a solitary, persistent orcaducous bract near or above their middle; (3) inflorescences arising towards base of new shoots; (4) heads varying from globular to obloid (or sometimes, in A. tuberculata, shortly cylindrical); (5) sepals ± free; (6) phyllodes, branchlels and peduncles (at least when young) possessing minute, scattered resin secretions which are ± circular, flat and brown. In the absence of pods the most reliable characters for distinguishing A. dentifera and A. graniticola from A. tuberculata are their longer (commonly 7-15 cm), non-undulatc phyllodes and peduncles which occur in twos or threes in the phyllode axils or along the raceme axes. As discussed under A. graniticola above, this is also a granite rock, wheatbelt species, but is distributed to the north of A. tuberculata. Acacia dentifera occurs further west, mainly in the temperate forests and woodlands of the Darling Range (where it commonly occurs around granite rocks). Variation. Heads vary in shape from globular to shortly cylindrical, but commonly they are obloid. All three shapes may occur on a single plant. Phy llodc undulation is also a variable character. On plants from around Hyden the margins are not, or only slightly, undulate. However, at Mt Vernon (the type locality) the margins are very undulate; the.se plants were collected from a regrowth population (following fire). 1 have not inspected plants in the field from the Hyden area. 410 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia xerophila W. Fitzg. var. brevior (E. Fritz.) Maslin, comb. nov. Acacia fitzgeraldii var. brevior E. Fritz., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 35: 291 (1904). Type: near Coolgardie, Western Australia, 1898, C.L. Webster s.n. {iso: Z). Discussion. Fritzel {loc. cit.) and Fitzgerald (1904) independently described the taxon known today as A. xerophila in 1904, basing their respective names on different specimens of the same collection (see Cowan & Maslin 1994). I am here following Fritzel (1904) in recognizing two varieties within A. xerophila (which was treated by him under the name A. fitzgeraldii E. Fritz.). However, because of the paucity of collections and especially the lack of adequate carpological material for var. xerophila, it is not possible to accurately assess the range of morphological variation and consequently the degree of character overlap between the two varieties. The principal distinguishing features of the varieties are given in the key below. Variety xerophila occurs north and east of Kalgoorlie (from Bardoc east to Kanandah) while var. brevior has a more restricted range, between Kalgoorlie and Widgiemooltha. Key to varieties of Acacia xerophila Branchlets and phyllodes glabrous; phyllodes 20-30 mm long; sepals 1/4- 1/2 united var. xerophila Branchlets and phyllodes usually puberulous; phyllodes 10-20 mm; sepals free var. brevior Acknowledgements I am grateful to Alex George for checking the Latin and providing editorial assistance and Terena Lally for valuable technical assistance during the preparation of the manuscript. Support for them and for the project generally was given by the Australian Biological Resources Study, to whom I am indebted. References Costermans, L. (1981). “Native Trees and Shrubs of South-Eastern Australia.” (Rigby; Adelaide.) Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. (1993). Acacia miscellany 7. Acacia sulcata and related taxa (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Western Australia. Nuytsia 9: 69-78. Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. (1994). William Vincent Fitzgerald’s species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 387-398. Fitzgerald, W.V. (1904). Notes on some West Australian species of Acacia. Journal of the West Australian Natural History Society I: 44-52. George, A S. (1998). A tiibtite to Rica Erickson. The Western Word 22 (9): 3, 14. Grieve. B.J. (1998). "How lo Know Western Australian Wildtlowers.” Part 2. 2nd edn. (University of Western Australia Press.) Guinet, P. (1986). Geographic patterns of the main pollen characters in the genus Acacia (Legumino.sae), with particular reference to subgenus Pltyliodineae. In: Blackmore, S. & Ferguson, l.K. (eds) “Pollen and Spores: Form and Functions,” Linnean Society Symposium Series, Vol. 12, (Academic Press: London.) Hopper, S.D. (1979). Biogeographical aspects of speciation in the south-western Australian flora. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 10: 399^22. Maslin, B.R. (1975). Studies in the genus Acacia (Mimosaceae) - 4. A revision of the series Pulchellae. Nuytsia I: 388-494. B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 16 411 Maslin, B.R, (1978). Studies in the genus Acacia (Mimosaceae) - 7. The taxonomy of some diaphyllodinous species. Nuytsia 2: 200-219. Maslin, B.R. (1980). Acacia (Leguininosac-Mimosoideae): A contribution to the Flora of Central Australia. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 2; 301-321. Maslin, B.R. (1982). Studies in the genus Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) - 10. Acacia species of the Wongan Hills, Western Australia. Nuytsia 4: 29-46. Maslin, B.R. (1990). Acacia miscellany 4. Three new Western Australian species with affinities to A. wilhelmiana (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: section Blurinerves) from Western Australia. Nuytsia 7: 221-228. Maslin. B.R. (in press). Acacia p.p. In: “Flora of Australia." Vol. II. (Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra, and CSIRO Australia: Collingwood.) Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994a). What type of type? Australian Systematic Botany Society Newsletter 81: 2-1. Maslin, B.R & Cowan, R S. (1994b). C.F. Meissner's species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 399^14. Maslin, B.R. & Pedley, L. (1982). The distribution of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Australia. Part 1. Species distribution maps. We.steni Australian Herbarium Research Notes 6: 1-128. Pritzel, E. (1904). .Acacia, in: Diels, L. & Pritzel, E, "Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae Occidentalis.” pp. 276-314. (Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig.) Vassal, J. & Maslin. B.R. (1979). Phyllodes et phyllodisation dans le genre Acacia. Bulletin de la Societe d’Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse 115, fasc. 3-4: 393-401. Whibley, D.J.E., revised by D.E. Symon (1992). "Acacias of South Australia.” 2nd edn. (Handbooks Committee of South Australia: Adelaide.) 412 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Nuytsia 12(3):413-452(1999) 413 Acacia miscellany 17. Miscellaneous new taxa and lectotypifications in Western Australian Acacta, mostly section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) R.S. Cowan^ and B.R. Maslin' 'Deceased 17 November 1997 'Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Cowan, R.S. and Maslin, B.R. Acac/a miscellany 17. Miscellaneous new taxaand lectotypifications in Western Australian Acacia, mostly section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12(3): 413-452 (1999). Fourteen new species of Acacia are described. Acacia diaphana R.S. Cowan & Maslin is in sect. Phyllodineae. The remainder belong to sect. Plurinerves: A. auratiflora R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. auripila R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. balsamea R.S. Cowan &. Maslin, A. crenulata R.S. Cowan & Maslin. A. gemina R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. pelophila R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. pinguiculosa R.S. Cowan Maslin (including subsp. teretifolia R.S. Cowan & Maslin), A. recurvata R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. trinalis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. resinosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. trulliformis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. vittata R.S. Cowan & Maslin and A. wilsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin. Three species containing new infraspecd'ic taxa are re described - A. heteroclita Mcisner (including subsp. valida R.S. Cowan & Maslin), A. sclerophylla Lindley (including var. pilosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin) and A. suhflexuosa Maiden (including subsp. capillata R.S. Cowan & Maslin). Notes on the morphology and on typil'ication of A. cyclops A. Cunn. ex Don, A. leptoneura Benth. and A. rigens A. Cunn. ex Don are presented, as well as lectotypifications of A. oswaldii F. Muell. and A. triptycha F. Muell. ex Benth. Acacia sessiliceps F. Muell. is treated as conspecific with A. oswaldii. Introduction Thispapercontinues the series of ‘Acacia miscellany’ to validate new taxa andrecord lectotypifications in advance of their publication in the treatment of Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in “Flora of Australia”. In reviewing for the “Flora” any sizeable Australian plant group, it is inevitable that one accumulates a number of novelties us well as notes on earlier described taxa. Those included in this paper are truly a miscellany, for they have their affinities with a wide range of species-groups; most are in section Plurinerves (Benth.) C. Moore & Betche, but one - A. diaphana - is in section Phyllodineae DC. Most of the new taxa arc from the wattle-rich south-western region of Western Australia; some others are transcontinental in distribution. 414 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Methods Most measurements are from dried herbarium specimens which are also the prime source of data on habitat, distribution and phenology, as well as bark morphology and flower colour. Head diameter is measured, as indicated in the descriptions, from fresh, dried or reconstituted material; it includes the stamens. As we use the term ‘pungent’ it refers to a phyllode apex that is drawn-out into a hard, spine- like tip; ‘sharply pungent’ refers to one that readily pierces the skin when touched and ‘coarsely pungent’ to one that is less sharp. Our approach to typification is discussed elsewhere (Maslin & Cowan 1 994b). The taxa are arranged in alphabetical order. Descriptions Acacia auratiflora R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. iwv. Frutex densus 0.3-1 m altus. Ramuli teretes, resinosi, antrorse et minute appresso-puberuli. Stipulae l-2mmlongae, persistentes. Phy I lodiaangusteoblongo-elliptica, acuta ad obtuse mucronata, 20-40 mm longa, 3-7 mm lata, coriacea, glabra vel interdum marginibus appresso-hirsutis; nervi longitudinales plerumque 3, nervis secondariis anastomosantibus; glans in margine adaxiali 2^ mm supra pulvinum inserta. Inflorescentia racemus reductus l-capitatus; axis c. 1 mm longa; pedunculi 1-2 mm longi, aurco-puberuli. Capitula globularia, floribus 30-42. Flores 5-meri; sepala unita, pilosulosa; petala appresso-hirsuta. Leguinen (juvene) pilosum vel villosum. Semina non visa. Typus: between Lake Grace and Newdegate [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 28 August 1973,M.D. FfWa/c 3759 (/lo/o.- PERTH 00192902; Ao.-K,CANB, NSW, US). Dense, spreading 0.3- 1 m tall, 0.6-2 mdiam. resinous. Branc/i/eti terete except slightly angular extremities, resinous but not vi.scid, sparsely to moderately antrorsely appressed- puberulous, the hairs minute (sometimes difficult to see) and white or pale golden. Stipules 1-2 mm long, narrowly triangular to lanceolate-triangular, glabrous, persistent. Phyllodes narrowly oblong- elliptic, 20-40 mm long, 3-7 mm wide, coriaceous, patent to ascending, straight but often slightly up- curved at the narrowed base, pale green, glabrous or sometimes sparsely appressed-hairy on margins; main longitudinal nerx’es about 3, generally obscured by the secondary nerves which anastomose longitudinally to form an open reticulum, the veins often meally-resinous; apex acute to obtuse- mucronate;/?M/vniH3’ indistinct, 0.5-1 min long. Gland 1, on upper margin of phyllode ( l)2-4(5) mm above pulvinus, not prominent but sometimes with an obvious rim. Inflorescence a rudimentary 1 -headed raceme; axis c. 1 mm long, terminated by a resin-coated vegetative bud at anthesis; peduncles 1-2 mm long, often obscured by the anthers at anthesis, densely golden-puberulous; basal peduncular bracts persistent, ovate, acute, thick, 1 .5-2 mm long, glabrous. Heads globular, golden, 5-7 mm diam. at anthesis, 30-42-nowercd;/7rflc?eo/e5spathulate, subapprcssedgolden-pilosuloseadaxially. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 2/3 as long as petals, united to below middle or almost to apex, oblong to oblancolate- oblong, subappressed golden-pilosulose; petals oblanceolate, free but coherent in midsection, subappressed golden-hairy. Ovary papillose-puberulous. Pods (young) densely pilose/villous, the hairs light golden. not seen. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 415 Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all between Lake Grace and Newdegate [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: B. Dell 164 (PERTH); B.R. Maslin 3430 (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 125 (PERTH); M.D. Tindale 3758 (CANS, NSW, PERTH); P.G. Wilson! 169 (NY, PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to the Lake Grace-Nevvdegate area, south-west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in sand, clay or loamy clay in open scrub in depressions. Phenology. Most collections made in mid- to late-August when the flowering season was well advanced, but old flowers with very young fruits have been found as late as October; mature fruits not seen. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The name is chosen to draw attention to the golden flowers - the colour of both the flower parts and the indumentum on them - from the Latin uiiratus (golden), wndflos (a flower). Ajfinities. Acacia auratiflora is part of the 'A. flavipila alliance’ (Cowan & Maslin 1990), closely related to A. cassicula R.S. Cowan &Maslin which can bedistinguished by its shorterphyllodes (mostly 15-20 mm long), 20-30-flowered heads on glabrous peduncles 3-5 mm long, and glabrous petals and pods. It is also related to A. lanei R.S. Cowan & Maslin which is recognized by its essentially non- anastomosing phyllodc nerves, longer peduncles (3-5 mm), free sepals and glabrous pods. Acacia auripila R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex rotundatus vcl arbor fruticosa ad 3 m alta, cortice griseo, fissurato, ramulis glabrescentibus. Phyllodia teretia ad subteretia, acuta ad obtusa, 8-12(15) cm longa, 1-1.5 mm diam., erecta, leviter curvata, initio scriceased glabrescens, nervis numerosis, arete parallelis, leviterelevatis. Inflorescentia racema 1-4-capitata; axis c. 0.5-8 mm longus, puberulus; pedunculi 4-8 mm longi, appresso-puberuli; capitulaglobularia, 4.5-5 mm diametro, 35-40- lloribus. Flores pentameri. Sepalapetalis3/4breviora, discreta, lincari-spathulata, aureo-puberula. Legumen lineare, valde constrictum inter semina et elevatum supra semina, c. 6.5 cm longum, 5— 5.5 mm latum, rectum, appresso-puberulum. Semina non visa. Typus: Rudall River district, c. 500 km south of Broome, Western Australia, 17 August 1971, P.G. Wilson 10614 (holo: PERTH 00148466; Do: CANB, K, NY). Rounded shrubby tree c. 3 m tall; crown dense, silvery green. Bark grey, fissured on trunks, smooth on branches. Branchlets terete, linely ribbed, silvery sericeous towards apices, glabrous with age. Stipules early caducous. Phyllodes terete to subterete, 8-1 2( 1 5) cm long, 1-1.5 mm diam., coriaceous, erect, straight to shallowly incurved, sericeous when young, glabrous or some hairs persisting between nerves, silvery-green; longitudinal nerves numerous, fine, close together, apex obtuse to acute, innocuous to coarsely pungent; pulvinus c. I mm long. Gland small, slit-like, situated on upper surface of phyllode 1 —2 mm above pulvinus. hijlorescence a 1 -4- headed raceme, raceme axis 0.5S mm long, white or pale yellow appressed-puberulous, sometimes terminated by vegetative bud, peduncles 4—8 mm long, while or pale yellow appressed-puberulous; basal peduncular biacts cucullate, caducous, //ear/i-globular, 4.5-5 mm diam., 35-40-flowered;/5ractf’ofe5spathulate,golden-puberulous, 416 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) the blade widely elliptic or elliptic and acute. Flowers S-memus; sepals 3/4 petal length, free, narrowly spathulate, golden appressed-puberulous, especially apically; petals narrowly oblanceolate, apically golden-puberulous. Ovary densely appressed-puberulous, the hairs silvery to golden. Pod (old valves) ± moniJiform, c. 6.5 cm long, 5-5.5 mm wide, straight, firmly chartaceous, glabrous throughout or sericeous at constrictions. Seeds nol seen. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Rudall River region, 22°32’S, 122°09’E, /?.P.//c7rf562(PERTH);RudallRiverRegion,22°32’S, 122°09’E,/?.P. (PERTHOl 107801); upper Rudall River area, 22°30’ S, 1 22° 1 5 ’E, B.R. Maslin 2 1 0 1 (BRl, NSW, NT, PERTH); upper Rudall River area, 22°30’S, 122°I5’E, B.R. Maslin 2174 (PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to a small area in the Rudall River National Park (c. 200-300 km east-north- east of Newman), north-western Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in dry quartzitic gravel on slopes and in gullies in Triodia communities. Phenology. Very few collections from a remote region, so the data are incomplete. Elowering collections have been made in June and August; by early September most flowers have given way to very small, developing pods. The fruiting period is unknown. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specific name, from the Latin aureus (golden) and pilus (hair), refers to the golden indumentum on the perianth. Common name. Rudall River Myall. Affinities. Acacia auripila is one of a group of species commonly referred to informally as the myalls, which are arid zone acacias characterized by their bushy shrub or tree habit, globular heads arranged in short axillary racemes and finely mullistriate phyllodes. Although many myalls grow in calcareous substrates, A. auripila grows m dry, quartzitic, rocky soil. Maslin & Hopper (1982) illustrated their discussion of the phytogeography of arid zone acacias, and their Figure 6c includes A. auripila [as Acacia sp. ( 1 )] and its relatives. Acacia sibilansMaslin [as Acacia sp. (3)], an undescribed and perhaps not distinct pair of populations related to A. papyrocarpa [as Acacia sp. (2)], A. papyrocarpa Benth. and A. loderi Maiden. Acacia auripila is distinguished from these more southerly near-relatives by a combination of its 35-40-flowered heads (20-30- flowered in the other species), ± inoniliform, narrow pods and its terete to subterete phyllodes. The new species appears most closely related to A. sihilans which has wider and seemingly much longer pods (to 20 cm long, 7-10 mm wide), fewer-flowered heads, white or very pale yellow, appressed-puberulous petals, and more sinuous phyllodes which arc commonly longer (10-18 cm). While these may not seem very convincing differences, species in the myall group are finely graded, as pointed out by Pedley ( 1 986) in his paper on A. maconochieana. Many species in this group can be difficult to recognise from herbarium material but have distinctive facies in the field. The inadequacy of collections (especially fruiting material) makes it difficult to assess accurately the taxonomic status of A. auripila. Maslin (1981) treated the collections of A. auripila as A. aff. rigens. While it possibly has some relationships with A. rigens A. Cunn. ex Don, that species is readily distinguished by its yellow-ribbed R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 417 branchlets, non-raccmosc inflorescences, partly united sepals, glabrous petals and much narrowerpods (2-3 mm wide). Acacia balsamea R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex rotundatus vel infundibuliformis, 1-2.5 m altus. Cortex pallide vel fuscate griseus, versus basem subtiliter fissuratus. Ramuli terctcs, versus apicem c. 4 costis resinosis, inter costas appresso- puberuli. Stipulae triangulares, minutae, persistentes. Phyllodia terctia ad compressa, raro linearia, ad apicem curvata ad subuncinata; lamina 8- 1 3 cm longa, 1-1.2 mm diam. (forma teretia) ad 3 mm lata (forma linearia), ± rigida, erecta, recta vel leviter incurvata, resinosa, nervis c. 1 6, leviter elevatis, inter nervos appresso-puberula; glans minuta, 0.5-1 mm supra pulvinum inserta. Pedunculi 9-10 mm longi, 1 vel 2 in quoque axilla, appresso-puberuli, pedunculorum bracteis basalibus ovatis, concavis, ciliolatis. Capitula obloidea, 5-8 mm longa et 4 mm diam., 21-floribus, bracteolis subpeltatis. Flores 5-meri. Sepala discreta, spathulata, pubcrula, ciliolata. Petala 1/3-connata. Legumen (immature) moniliforme, 6-12 cm longuin, 3-4 mm diametro, pendulum, rectum, crassum, lignosum, glabrum, nervis numerosis elevatis parallclis ornatum. Semina (subrnatura) longitudinalia, ellipsoideo- linearia, 5 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata, obscure brunnea, arillo terminal!. Typus: Mount William Lambert, east from Wiluna on Gunbarrel Highway, Gibson Desert, Western Australia, 8 September 1984, B.R. Maslin 5646 (halo: PERTH 00166650; iso: CANB, K). Bushy, rounded or obconic .shrub 1-2.5 m tall, c. 4-branched at ground level, the phyllodes concentrated towards ends ol branchlets. Bark medium- to dark-grey and longitudinally fissured toward base of main trunks, smooth and often a lighter grey on upper branches and branchlets. Branchlets terete, with yellow resinous ribs at extremities, sericeous between ribs, glabrous with age. Stipules triangular, minute, persistent Phyllodes terete, occasionally flat and linear, 8-13 cm long, 1-1.2 mm diam. when terete, to 3 mm wide when Hat, erect, not rigid, straight to shallowly incurved or sometimes shallowly sinuous, mid-green when fresh, drying ± khaki green, aromatic (smelling of Friars Balsam, especially when crushed), sparsely appressed-hairy between nerves (superficially appearing ± glabrous); longitudinal nerves c. 16, ± close, slightly raised (just visible to unaided eye) and resinous; ape.x curved to subuncinatc; pulvinus 1 mm or less long, yellow. Gland not prominent, on upper surface ol phyllode 0.5—1 inm above pulvinus, small. Inflorescences simple, 1 or 2 per axil, peduncles 5-10 mm long, glabrous or sericeous; basal peduncular bracts ovate, concave, ciliolate. Heads subglobular to obloid, 5—8 mm long, 4 mm diam., c. 21-flowered, hracteoles subpeltate, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals less than half petal length, tree or slightly united at base, spathlulate, puberulous, ciUolsile, petals 1/3-united. Pod (submature) ±moniliform, 6—12(16) cm long, 3-4 mm diam., pendulous, thick, coriaceous to sub-woody, straight to shallowly curved, striate with longitudinal nerves (nerves most evident when dry), glabrous, resinous. Seeds (immature) longitudinal, ellipsoid— cylindrical. 5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, dull brown, pleurograni linear— U-shaped, ateole small; aril terminal, more than hall as long as seed. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Paterson Range area, \919,E.M. Gohle-Garratt s.n. (MEL. PERTH 00153672); NE end of Clutterbuck Hills, Gibson Desert, S.D. Hopper 2833 (PERTH); 40 km SSE of eastern end olCIutterbuck Hills, Gibson Desert, S.D. Hopper 2898 (PERTH); Leinster Downs Station, 3 km N ofPerseverence Well ( Agnew MineCampNo. 1 site), B.R. Maslin5402 (NSW, PERTH); near Billy goat Bore, Noreena Downs Stn, SEol Nullagineandc. 1 50 km N of Newman, A.A. Mitchell PRP 1434 (PERTH). 418 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Distribution. Widely scattered in arid central Western Australia, from nearNullagine and the Paterson Range (south-east region of the Great Sandy Desert), south to Leinster Downs and east to the Clutterbuck Hills in the Gibson Desert. Habitat. Grows on rocky (commonly weathered granite) hills in tall open shrubland, often with Acacia aneura and frequently locally common in these habitats. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September with old flowers persisting in June: young pods present in August and September, often together with flowers. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The odour of the foliage in fresh condition, reminiscent of Balsam Fir, suggests the specific epithet, from balsameus, an adjectival form of a Latin word for a fragrant gum. Common name. Balsam Wattle. Affinities. This little-collected species of the arid interior of Western Australia is at once recognizable in the field by the resinous odour of its phyllodes resembling that of the Northern Hemisphere Balsam Fir. Its precise affinities are unknown at present. It has some of the general appearance of the mulga group of species (i.e. A. aneura F. Muell. ex Benth. and its allies, see Randell 1992) but its subglobular to obloid heads and glabrous, ± moniliform pods distinguish it. Variation. One collection (//opper 2833, in very young bud) has flat phyllodes but otherwise appears to agree with the apparently more normal variants of the species with terete phyllodes. Acacia crenulata R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor effusa, rotundata, resinosa, 1-3 m alta, ramulis ad apicem cornplanatis, resinoso- costatis, demum teretibus, glabrcscentibus. Stipulae c. 0.75 mm longae, triangulares, persistentes. Phyllodia anguste elliptica ad lineari-elliptica, apicc curvato ad ± uncinato, pulvmo 1-2 mm longo, resinoso, lamina (20)30-60 mm longa, (2)3-6 mm lata, coriacca, glabra vel minutis rubris resinoso- pilis ornata, glabre.scentia, ad marginem resinosa, saepe crenulato- resinosa, nervis secondariis nurnerosis arete parallelis indistinctis. Pedunculi .solitarii vel binati, 1-2 mm longi, glabri praeter juvenales minute puberuli pilis nurnerosis rubris resinosis, bractea basali caduca. Capitula globulana, aurea, c. 4 mm diametro, 20-25-noribus, bracteolis unilateraliter peltatis. Flores 5-meri. Sepala in cupula connata, 1/3 pctala breviona. Legumen lineare, 20-45 mm longum, 3-3.5 mm latum, tenuiter coriaceo-crustaceum, rectum ad Icviter curvatum, ± quadrangulare, minute resinoso-puberulum. Semina longitudinalia, obloideo-ovoidea, 2. 3-2. 7 mm longa, c. 1.5 mm lata, subnitida, maculata, arillo terminali luteo. Typus: 5.5 km east of Carrabin. 61 .3 km west of Southern Cross, on Great Eastern Highway, Western Australia, 30 March 1 992, B.R. Maslinl{)4?> (holo: PERTH 05 1 60863: iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH 01994859). Obconic or rounded shrub 1 -3 m tall, single-stemmed or more commonly sparingly to moderately branched at ground level, in habit often resembling Melaleuca uncinata. Bar/: rather dark grey, finely longitudinally fissured on main .stems, smooth on branches. New shoots ?,\\g\\\\y resinous (not viscid), R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin. Acacia miscellany 17 419 the phyllodes green with brownish margins. Branchlets flattened-angular at their extremities but soon becoming terete, crenulate resin-ribbed, the ribs yellow but ageing whitish as the resin dries, normally scurfy between ribs. Stipules c. 0.75 mm long, triangular, persistent. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic to linear-elliptic, (20)30-60 mm long, (2)3-6 mm wide, coriaceous, patent to inclined or erect, straight or sometimes very shallowly recurved, glabrous, or with many minute, red, resin-hairs, especially on nerves, glabrescent, dull and rather glaucous when young but ageing sub-shiny and green; apex acute, shallowly recurved to subuncinate, innocuous; pulvinus 1-2 mm long, resinous; longitudinal nerves numerous, closely parallel, indistinct (view with transmitted light when fresh) except the central nerve somewhat evident; margins resinous, often crenulately so, sometimes translucent-red when fresh (based on few observations), most commonly yellow or yellow-brown when dry. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 0-2 mm above pulvinus, rounded. Inflorescences simple, solitary at base of vegetative bud, or paired with a vegetative bud that grows out; peduncles 1-2 mm long, glabrous except minute, reddish resin-papillae especially when young; basal peduncular bract caducous, concave- triangular, c. 0.8 mm long. Heads globular, golden, c. 4 mm diam., 20-25-flowered; bracteoles unilaterally peltate, 0.5 mm long, the blade oblate with many minute, red resin-hairs. Flowers 5-merous; sepals united in a minutely puberulous, slightly lobed cup 1/3 as long as the basally united petals, c. 1 .8 mm long. Poc/.v linear, straight-edged or slightly constricted between seeds, scarcely raised over seeds, 20-45 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, glabrous, straight to shallowly curved, resinous but not viscid; valve margins slightly raised vertically to valve face so that pods appear slightly quadrangular. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ovoid, 2. 3-2. 7 mm long, c. 1.5 mm wide, subglossy, molded', fiinicle/aril terminal and (at least when dry) yellow. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: c. 30 km W of Southern Cross, R. Gumming 1439 (PERTH); Sanford Rock. Nature Reserve, J.E.D. Fox 7302 (PERTH); 3.5 miles [5.6 km] NW of Bullabulling towards Caenyic Rock, B.R. Maslin 1887 (PERTH); 17.5 km SE of Mukinbudin on road to Bullfinch, B.R. Maslin 6699 (MEL, PERTH); 0.3 km E of Walyahmoning Rock, c. 60 km NW of Bullfinch, K. Newbey 9553 (PERTH); near N boundary of Chiddarcooping Hill Nature Reserve, c. 70 km NE of Merrcdin, A.S. Weston 14180 (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the south-west of Western Australia in an area bound by Mukinbudin in the west, east to Walyahmoning Rock (north-west of Bullfinch) and from Carrabin to Bullabulling in the south. Habitat. Occurs mostly on rocky outcrops in heavy soil and sandy clay-loam, in open eucalypt woodland. Phenology. Elowering recorded in September and October; immature pods collected in early November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The name is given in allusion to the crcnulate-resinous margins of the phyllodes (from crenulatus, Latin for crenulate. a term commonly applied to leaf margins with rounded teeth). Affinities. The precise relalionsh ips of this new species are unknown at present. It perhaps has affinities to A. duriuscula W. Filzg. which is distinguished by its grey-green, commonly obtuse to subacute phyllodes with essentially uniform, fine nerves (the central nerve not or scarcely more pronounced than the rest) and non-resinous margins, longer peduncles (2-5 mm, or up to 8 mm when in fruit), longer 420 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) calyx relative to the corolla, papery pods lacking the raised margins of A. crenulata, and white seed arils. Acacia cyclops A. Cunn. ex Don, Gen. Syst. 2: 404 (1832). Type: King George Sound, [Western Australia], January l818,/\. Cunningham I04(j-}’rt.' K); same location, December 1821, A. Cunningham 328 {syn: BM, K). Acacia cyclopis Mackay ex Loudon, nom. nud., Hort. Brit. 407 (1830). lAcacia eglandulosa DC., Prodr. 2: 450 (1825); Mem. Legum. 445 (1827). 7y/7e.- Australia, Herb. B. Delessert 1816 (holo: G-DC). TAcacia mirbelii De,hnh. [as Mirbeli], Rivista Napol. 1: 168 (1839). Type.- not designated. (Judging from the protologue and from specimens at FI, NAP, RO and W, itseems that Dehnhardt’s A. mirbelii is the same as A. cyclops.) Notes. It would be unfortunate if such a well-known, easily recognized, widespread species should require a change of name, especially when the present name is so descriptive. It is possible, however, that de Candolle’s species A. eglandulosa is conspecific with what has been known for over 150 years as A. cyclops, and his name is older by just seven years. There is no indication of the collector of de Candolle’s type, only that the sheet was from the herbarium of Benjamin Delessert. We leave to a future monographer the resolution of the correct name to apply to this taxon; in the meantime we will continue to use the well-known epithet in preference to adopting an unknown one without unequivocal evidence of the necessity to do so. Should they prove conspeci fic, a case for conservation of the name A. cyclops should be prepared. When G. Don published Cunningham’ s manuscript name Mi'moracyc/o/jA as an Acacm, he omitted the ‘i’ , making it A. cyclops but as publishing author such an emendation, intentionally or accidentally, does not affcet the name or the authorship. The name was treated by Loudon in “Hortus Britannicus” in its original form but he attributed the binomial to Mackay who apparently used it in a catalogue of plants growing at his nursery at Clapton in England. In any case, A. cyc/o/j A Mackay is a nomen nudum. The remaining epithet in the above synonymy, A. mirbelii, surely refers to this species; although no certain type material of it has been located, Maslin studied two sheets in the Cesati Herbarium at RO which are labelled ‘A. mirbeli' but with no further data. Acacia diaphana R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex fruticosus, effusus, resinosus, 1 .5-3 m altus, ad 2.5 m latus. Phyllodia linearia, obtusa vel obtusa et minute cxcentrice mucronulata; lamina (32)40-65(70) mm longa, 2.5-4 mm lata, tenuiter coriacea, leviter incurvata, glabra, in quoque pagina uninervata, costo et marginibus valde resinosis, rare aliquot penninervis evidentibus; glans basalis. Racemi ( 1 )2-6-capitulis, axe 2-8 mm longo, resinoso, minute appresso-puberulo pilis albis; pedunculi 2-5 mm longi; pedunculorum bracteae basales c. 0.3 mm longac, triangulares, persistentes; capitula globularia, 3.5-4.5 mm diametro, aurea, resinosa, 15-20-floribus; bractcolac spathulatae, lamina cras.sa et viscida, stipite diaphano. Flores 5-meri, perianthiodiaphano. Sepala longitudine2/3 petali partes aequantia, libera, lineari-oblanceolata, glabra. Petala libera, reflexa, glabra. Legurnen et semina non visa. Typus: north-west of Mt Ragged [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 15 September 1990, VP, Archer 1509901 1 (holo: PERTH 01166417; iso: CANB, K). R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acncia miscellany 17 421 Bushy, spreading-erect, resinous shrub 1 .5-3 m tall, branching just above ground level, the crown 2- 2.5 m across, firanc /t/ets angular-llattcncd at extremities with resinous ribs, ageing terete and ribless or very obscurely ribbed, glabrous or minutely white appressed-puberulous. Branches dull light brownish grey. Stipules absent or obscured by resin and indumentum. Phyllodes linear, attenuate basally, (30)40-65(70) mm long. 2.5^ mm wide, thinly coriaceous, smooth, ascending, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, bright green (colour taken from collectors’ field notes, but upon drying some specimens appear glaucous); apex obtuse with a minute, blunt, centric or excentric mucro; piilvinus I mm long, glabrous or minutely appressed-puberulous on upper surface; midrib and marginal nerves prominent and strongly resinous, the resin often in obvious droplets, rarely a few, scattered penninerves arising from midnerve evident. Gland on upper margin of phyllodc at or near distal end of pulvinus, notprominent. Inflorescences { 1 )2-6-headed racemes2-8 mm long; raceme axis resinous, minutely white appressed-puberulous (very pale yellow when young; hairs often ob,scured by resin); peduncles 2-5 mm long, resinous, hairy as on raceme axis; basal peduncular bracts c. 0.3 mm long, triangular, persistent. /Vear/.v globular, 3. 5-4. 5 mm diam., golden, resinous, 15-20- flowered; i>racteo/ej spathulate, the blade thick and viscid, the stipe diaphanous. Flowers 5-merous; perianth diaphanous; sepals free, lincar-oblanccolatc, 2/3 length of petals, glabrous; petals free, reflexed, glabrous. Pod and seeds not seen. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all NW of Mt Ragged [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: IT. Archer 22099023 (NY, PERTH); K. Newbey 8276 (PERTH); K. Newbey 9726 (PERTH); 19 Sep. 1984, H. Smolinski s.n. (PERTH 00609862). Distribution. Localized in an area north-west of Mt Ragged, c. 130 km north-east of Esperance, south- east Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in clay or sandy loam m small to large depressions that are wet to waterlogged at least seasonally, commonly with Eucalyptus occidentalis. Phenology. Flowering recorded in September; pods not yet collected. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the translucent character of the perianth, from the Latin diaphanus (more or less transparent). Affinities. Acacia diaplianu belongs to the group of sect. Phyllodineae with racemose heads but its relatives are unknown at pre.sent. It is a distinctive species characterized by long, linear phyllodes with prominently resinous midribs and margins, and short racemes of heads and peduncles that are resinous and hairy (the indumentum often obscured by the resin). Acacia gemina R.,S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Ab d. defle.m Maiden & Blakely ramulis, phyllodiis pedunculisque appresso-puberulis sed glabrcscentibus; phyllodiis 10-25(30) mm longis, excentricc mucronulatis, patentibus ad inclinatis, rare leviter deflexis; glande 1-3 mm super pulvmum inserta; et pedunculorum bracteis basalibus 3- nervatis, differt. 422 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Typus: Tunnell Rd, 0.2 km south-ca.sl ol'Forty Hollo w Rd, Mt Saddleback, Western Australia, 29 August 1980, A.A Weston 12667 (hoh: PERTH 00695610; iso: K). Spreading, much-branched shrub 0.4-1 m tall. Bark smooth, medium grey. Branchlets terete, insignificantly ribbed, apprcssed-pubcrulous. Stipules subulate, c. 1 .5 mm long, appressed-puberulous, caducous to persistent. Phyllodes narrowly oblong to oblong-oblanceolate or widely elliptic, 10-25(30) mm long, 3-4. 5(6) mm wide, thick, coriaceous, patent to inclined, rarely slightly deflexed, straight or sometimes recurved, glabrous or more commonly ± sparsely appressed puberulous on margins and nerves; longitudinal nerves 3 on each face, raised and widely separated; intervening secondary nerves absent or few and obscure; apex rounded-obtuse and excentrically mucronulate; pulvinus 1 mm long, smooth, yellow-brown, appressed puberulous, dilated at base. Gland situated between two branches of adaxial marginal nerve on upper margin of phyllode 1-3 mm above pulvinus, plane, circular. Inflorescences simple, 1 or 2 per -mW; peduncles 2-4 mm long, appressed-puberulous; basal peduncular bracts cucullate. oblate, appressed-puberulous, 1-3-nerved, caducous. Heads globular, golden, 3-4 mm diam., (9)12-18-nowered; bracteoles fusiform to elliptic or oblanceolate, ciliate. f/owerjS-merous; sepals about half as long as petals, free, spathulate-linear to linear, ciliolate; petals oblanceolate, free. 0\'ary appressed-puberulous. Pods linear, raised over and slightly constricted between seeds. 20-50 mm long, 2 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to thinly crustaceous, strongly curved to openly once-coiled, subglabrous, tan, the margins paler. Seeds longitudinal, ovoid- ellipsoid, 2 mm long, 1 .3 mm wide, I mm thick, dull, black; pleurogram in paler area; areole minute, umbonate, grey; aril subterminal, white. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: near Narrogin, March 1 938, W.E. Blackall s.n. (PERTH 00695580); 0.6 km from Boyagin Rock Reserve boundary on WSW side of road, R.S. Cowan A.l'&'S (PERTH); W side of Boyagin Rock Reserve, SW of Brookton, A.5. George 10895 (PERTH, TLF); near junclion of Forty Hollow Rd and Tunnell Rd, Saddleback State Forest, 32°56’S, 1 16°27’E, D. Halford 808217 (CANB, PERTH); Boyagin Rock Reserve, R.D. Royce 8 1 85 (PERTH); 21 miles [35 km] E of Billericay (near Hyden], K. Newbey 3236 (MEL, PERTH). Distribution. All but two collections are from either within or near the Boyagin Rock Nature Reserve (c. 15 km south-west of Brookton) or the Saddleback Timber Reserve (which encompasses the Worsley mining area, c. 1 0 km south ofBoddington). The two collections outside this area are from near Narrogin (c. 70 km east ofBoddington) and near Hyden (c. 200 km east of Brookton). Habitat. In open heath dominated by Dryandra squarrosa or in Eucalyptus drummondii low woodland, in both situations in lateritic gravel; the outlying population near Hyden {Newbey 3236) occurs in deep sand. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October (Blackall collection from near Narrogin recorded as flowering in March); mature pods in late December and early January. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The close affinity with its nearest relative suggested the name, from geminus, Latin for twin- born or paired. Affinities. Acacia geinina is most closely related to A. deflexa Maiden & Blakely which is most readily distinguished by its puberulous branchlets and peduncles (the hairs patent) and the phyllode gland situated at the distal end of the pulvinus; also, its basal peduncular bracts are ± nerveless and its R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 423 phyllodes are often prominently dellexcd. Both species are probably related to the ‘A. sulcata group’ (Cowan & Maslin 1993), particularly to A. nitidiila Benth, and A. dura Benth. Acacia heteroclita Meisn. in J.G.C. Lehmann, PL Preiss. 1:18 (1844). Type: Cape Riche, Western Australia, 1 9 November 1 840, L. Preiss 938 (lecto: 406: VLDJide Maslin & Cowan ( 1 994b); isolecto: G, NY, PERTH - fragments ex G and NY). Acacia trissoneura F. Muell., Fragm. 4: 6 (1 863). Type: Gairdncr Range, Fitzgerald River, Western Australia, G. Maxwell s.n. (holo: MEL; liso: K, MEL). Shrub or small tree 1-4 m tall. 2-5 m wide, the trunk to 12 cm diam. New growth sericeous (hairs usually yellow). Bark grey or grey-brown, smooth throughout or fissured at base of trunk. Branchlets compressed to terete, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous, light brown to red-brown. Stipules minute, caducous. Phyllodes linear to linear-oblanceolatc or naiTOwly oblong-elliptic, (3)5-1 1 cm long, (2)3-9 mm wide, coriaceous, patent to a.scending. somewhat curved, sometimes .sigmoidally, appressed-puberulous at first, tardily glabresccnt with apical portion often remaining ± appressed puberulous, dark or bright green; apex arcuatcly long-acuminate, the tip somewhat curved; pulvinus distinct ( 1 )2-3.5 mm long; nerves 3 per face, rarely fewer, strongly raised, the midnerve on each face often stronger than lateral nerves; anastomoses absent or occasional. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 1-10 mm above pulvinus. distinct, large, round or widely elliptic. Inflorescences simple, 1 or 2 per axil; peduncles (4)6-10(12) mm long, sparsely appressed-puberulous to glabrous; basal peduncular bract caducous, broadly ovate, ciliolate. Heads globular or subglobular, bright to pale medium-yellow, 4-6 mm diam., 25-60-flowered, congested; ()rac teo/« spathulate, the lamina circular to elliptic, puberulous, ciliolate, the stipe several timesas long as the lamina, narrow to filiform. Flowers 5-merous; sepals less to more than half length of petals, free, spathulate, ciliolate; petals 1/2-3/4-united, the lobes triangular, acute, often with a prominent nerve. Ovary ± appressed- puberulous. Pods narrowly oblong to linear, slightly raised over but not constricted between seeds, 50-80 mm long, 2.5-9 mm wide, thinly coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, straight, sometimes ± undulate, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous. Seeds longitudinal, ellipsoid-obloid, 2.5-6 mm long, 1 .5-3 mm wide, compressed, dull, indistinctly mottled lighter brown on brown-black; pleurograin indistinct and U-shaped or narrower; areole small, or large and narrow and more than half seed-length; aril subterminal, small. Notes. Acacia heteroclita is characterized by the linear to linear-oblanceolate phyllodes (3.5)5- 1 1 cm long, (2)3-9 mm wide, with 3 evident nerves on each face and curved, long-acuminate tips, normally yellow-sericeous new shoots, globular flower heads and free sepals. The species is most closely related to A. triptxcha F. Muell. ex Benth. and A. trinalis R.S. Cowan & Maslin; a key to these three species is presented below under A. trinalis. Acacia heteroclita comprises two subspecies - a wide-ranging typical subspecies and subsp. valida, here described as new and restricted to the Porongurup Range north of Albany. Subspecies valida is a robust form of the species; it is larger in its phyllodes, pod and seeas than the typical subspecies. Key to subspecies oS Acacia heteroclita Phyllodes (2)3-4 mm wide (occasionally to 6 mm m coastal habitats); pods 2.5-5 mm wide; seeds 2. 5-3. 5 mm long, 1 .5 mm wide, areole small subsp, heteroclita Phyllodes 4-9( I I ) mm wide; pods 7-9 mm wide; seeds 5.5-6 mm long. 3 mm wide, areole large subsp. valida 424 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia heteroclita Meisn. subsp heteroclita Phyllodes (3)5-9(l 1) cm long, (2)3-4(6) mm wide, linear to linear-oblanceolatc, with no minor nerve anastomoses evident. Heads A-5 mm diam., 25-4 1 -flowered. Pods 50-55 mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide. Seeds 2. 5-3. 5 mm long, 1 .5 mm wide; areale small. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: North Twin Peak Island, Recherche Archipelago, M.I.H Brooker 3682 (PERTH); Bremer Bay, C.A. Gardner 7503 (PERTH); West Mt Barren, A. 5’. George 6965 (PERTH); Sandy Hook Island, 22 km SSE ofEsperance, S.D. Hopper 2240 (PERTH); 21 km SEoi'Kulin towards Lake Grace, B.R. Maslin3?,3?, (AD, G, NSW, PERTH); Gordon Inlet, K. Newhey 1736 (PERTH); 12.6 km W of Mt Drummond, Fitzgerald River National Park, K. Newbey 3872 (CANB, MEL, NFLD, PERTH); Bremer Bay, K. Newbey4216 (PERTH); North Twin Peakisland, Recherche Archipelago, /LD. Royce 6258 (PERTH); Triple Peak, Cape Le Grand National Park, A. A \Ve.stonl533 (PERTH). Distribution. Discontinuous in south-west Western Ausiralia extending from Kulin south to the Fitzgerald River National Park and east to Cape Le Grand National Park, including the nearby islands of the Recherche Archipelago. Most collections arc from the Kulin-Dumbleyung-Lake Grace area, the Fitzgerald River National Park and in the vicinity of Cape Le Grand. Phenology. Most flowering recorded in October, others between August and December; mature pods collected in January. Variation. The phyllodes of subsp. heteroclita are normally 5~9( 1 1 ) cm long and 3-4 mm wide; in coastal habitats at Bremer Bay and on islands of the Recherche Archipelago they tend to be slightly shorter (normally 3-7 cm long) and occasionally may reach 6 mm wide; furthermore, sometimes the new growth is silvery instead of the otherwise characteristic golden sericeous (e.g. C.A. Gardnerl503, K. Newbey 4276 and R.D. Royce 6258). A variant from the Kulin area (e.g. B.R. Maslin 3838) has an unusual phyllode nervation for A. heteroclita, to which the collections must surely be referred: the midnerve is uniformly well developed but the major nerve on each side of it may fail to develop at all, at least not evidently, or only near the base or apex. Otherwise it is typical of the subspecies. Discussion. Some duplicates of 7. Driimmond5: 8 were distributed as 7. Drummond'4: 8’,butaccording to Bcntham (1864) this number is properly assigned to Acacia nodiflora. Acacia heteroclita subsp. valida R.S. Cowan & Maslin, subsp. nov. Phyllodia (3. 5)5-8 cm longa, 4-9( 1 1 ) mm lata, laminae nervis saepe anastomosantibus. Capitula 5-6 mm diametro, 40-60-floribus. Legumen 75-80 mm longum, 7-9 mm latum. Semina 5.5-6 mm longa, 3 mm lata, pleurogramma angusta, plus quam dimidio longitudine seminis. Typus: Porongurup Range. Western Australia, 26 May 1964, A.S. George 6236 (liolo: PERTH 00701033). Phyllodes (3. 5)5-8 cm long, 4-9( 1 1 ) mm wide, narrowly oblong-elliptic to almost linear, minor nerves often forming sparse anastomoses. Heads 5-6 mm diam., 40-60-flowered. Pods75-^0 mm long, 7-9 mm wide. Seeds 5.5-6 mm long, 3 mm wide; areole large, narrow, more than half the seed length. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 425 Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Devils Slide, Porongurup Range, 7.5. Beard 7638 (PERTH); Porongurup Range, Jan. 1941, F.M. Bennett s.n. (PERTH 00701 041); western end of Porongurup Range, R.H. Kuchel 1976 (PERTH); below Gibraltar Rock, Porongurup National Park, C.J. Robinson 1083 (PERTH); Porongurup Range, R.D. /Joyce 61 17 (PERTH). Distribution. Endemic in the Porongurup Range, c. 40 km north of Albany, south-west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in loamy soil on or near granite in heath or woodland. Phenology. Flowers sporadically through the year, recorded in January, April, May and October; mature pods collected in January at which time mature flowers were also present. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The robust nature of the material of this subspecies is highlighted by the choice of the name, from validus, Latin for strong, powerful. Ajfinities. Subspecies valida is a robust form of the species, apparently restricted to the Porongurup Range. It is larger in its phyllodes, pod and seeds than the typical subspecies and was referred to as such by Bentham (1864). Discussion. Some duplicates of./. Drummond 5: 1 1 were distributed as J. Drummond ‘4: 11’ but according to Bentham (1864) this number is properly assigned to A. leptospermoides. Acacia leptoneura Benth., London J. Bot. 1: 341 (1842). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond s.n. (holo: K; iso: K, MEL, PERTH - fragment ex MEL). Illustration. Bot. Mag. 74: pi. 4350 (1848). Notes. This species is known only from the type and a few historical collections. In all respects it is very similar to A. subflexuosa Maiden (see below), from which it differs in its 16-nerved phyllodes and glabrous ovary; in A. subflexuosa the phyllodes are 8-nerved and the ovary appressed-puberulous. The type sheet of A. leptoneura at Herb. Kew is stamped ‘Herbarium Hookerianum 1867’ and bears two collections: 1 . The left-hand specimen is probably part of Gilbert 1 87 (see below) and represents a narrow phyllode variantof A. lineolata subsp. lineolata\ this specimen was probably not used by Bentham when preparing his original description of A. leptoneura. 2. Themiddleandright-handspecimensarethesamecollection,labelledsimply ‘SwanR.,Drttmmoni/’ and with deptoneura’ pencilled on the sheet in Bentham’s hand between the two branchlets. This collection accords well with the protologue and is regarded as the holotype of A. leptoneura. A second sheet at K, presented in 1915 by the Linnean Society, has what may be the same two collections, Gilbert I 87 from the Wongan Hills, labelled ‘a’, and a Drummond collection numbered 303, and labelled ‘b’. There arc duplicates of Drummond 303 (or 3: 303) at BM, K, MEL, NY, OXF, P and PERTH; certainly all are conspecific with the Drummond type, if not the same gathering, which 426 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) may possibly be the case; however. Bentham did nol cile the number 303 in the protologue of A. leptoneura. A third sheet at Kcw, clearly annotated by Benlham as A. leptoneura, is from a plant grown presumably at Kew and used as the basis For the illustration in the Botanical Magazine. There are no precise locality or habitat data with the Drummond collection on which to base a search for the species and it is unlikely to be found henceforth, except perhaps accidentally. Acacia leptoneura var. pungens Meisner was based on a sterile specimen and certain identification is impossible, but it has some of the appearance of /4. ucellerata Maiden & Blakely. It was referred by Bentham (1864), dubiously, to A. aciphylla. Acacia oswaldiiF. Muell. [as O.fiva/r//], Fragm. 4:5(1 ^63).-Racospermaoswaldii (F. Muell.) Pedley, Austrobaileya 2: 353 (1987). Type: Morundec on Murray River, South Australia, February 1851, F. Mueller s.n. (Iccto: MEL 1 17104, upper branchlet, here selected; ?isolecto: K). Acacia oswaldii F. Muell., noin. mid.. Linnaea 26: 609 ( 1 855), pro syn. sub A. lanigera. Acacia oswaldii F. Muell., noin. inval.. PI. Victoria 2: 27 ( 1 863), not effectively published; see Court etal. (1994) for discussion. lAcacia. oswaldii var. abbreviate! Benth. (as Oswaldi], FI. Austral. 2: 384 (1864). Type: S. Coast, R. Brown s.n. («.v.). Acacia sessiliceps F. Muell., Chem. Druggist Australas. Suppl. 5 (51): 26 (1882), synon. nov. Type: nearFinke River, Northern Territory, 1 880, H. Kempe (holo: MEL, flowering specimens on lower half of sheet, see discussion below; iso: PERTH 00770566, fragment ex MEL). Acacia arnaliae Domin, Bibliolh. Bot. 89: 249 (1926). Type: without specific locality, Queensland, A. Dietrich s.n. [Domin no. ‘5403’ | (holo: PR). Synonymy /i'r/e Pedley (1978). Acacia arnaliae var. orthophylla Domin, loc. cit. Type: Dividing Range near Jericho, Queensland, March 1910, K. Domin ‘5402’, ‘5404’ (.‘iyn: PR, n.v.). Synonymy fide Pedley (1978). Bushy shrub or tree 2-6 m (all. Bark dark grey, fibrous, stringy on trunks, smooth on branches. Branchlets terete, glabrous, appressed-puberulous or tomentulose-scriccous, usually with many red or brown resin hairs. New growth with .scatlered clusters of appressed, red or brown resin hairs, sometimes golden- or silvery-sericeous without resin hairs. Phyllodes terete to compressed or flat, linear, narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong-elliptic, (10)35-73(105) mm long, (1)3-7(15) mm wide, coriaceous to rigid, spreading to erect, straight to recurved, usually glabrous or early glabrescent except for often somewhat appressed-puberulous pulvinus, green or grey-green, occasionally somewhat glaucous; longitudinal neiTes 3-6 per lace, normally raised, with many secondary nerves that are nearly as prominent, anastomoses absent or occasional; apex generally acute to acuminate or obtuse with straight to uncinate mucro, sharply to coarsely pungent or innocuous ; pulvinus 0.5-3 mm at often inequilaterally tapering base, especially in broader phyllodes. Gland prominent, basal, elongate- lenticular, rimmed, 2-4 mm long, impressed, infrequently round or widely elliptic and 1-1.5 mm long. Inflorescences usually simple, 2 per axil; peduncles 0(2) mm long, sericeous and with many red or brown resin hairs; bracts including basal peduncular bract, oblong-ovate to broadly ovate, ciliolate, appressed-puberulous to sericeous, slightly concave. 7/eat/j' depressed-globular, 5-bracteolate at base, pale yellow, 4.5-5 mm diam., 4-15-llc)wered; bracteoles obovate to spathulate, the blade flabellate. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 427 ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals more than 1/2 petal length, 1/4-2/3-connate, oblong to linear or oblanceolate; petals oblanceolate to elliptic, free, acute, lips reflexed, glabrous or appressed- puberulous. Pods persistent after dehiscence, linear, strongly raised over and slightly constricted between seeds, 9-3 1 cm long. 6- 1 2 mm wide, strongly curved to openly coiled or twisted, coriaceous to woody, appressed-puberuloLis and (when young) with many clumps of red micro-hairs. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 6-8 mm long, 4-7 mm wide, c. 3-3,5 mm thick, glos.sy, dark brown; pleurogram narrowly oblong; aril large and fleshy, orange. Common names. Umbrella Wattle, Miljee, Nelia, Middia, Curly Yarran, Whyacka, and more. Typification. In the protologue of oswaldii, Mueller cited several localities but no collections. We have selected a lectotype from among his collections at herb. MEL in order to fix the application of the name. The sheet bearing the lectotype has a label in the author’s hand and consists of two branchlets, both of which are referable to /\. oswaldii ; it is the upper branchlet with flower heads and old pod valves that we have designated as the lectotype The second branchlet is sterile with differently shaped phyllodes and is probably another collection. The lectotype sheet also has a label added by J.H. Willis and is the sheet referred to by Pedley (1978). Collections from the other geographic areas given in the protologue cannot be located with certainly. The type of A. sessiliceps is a flowering collection mounted on a herb. MEL sheet with a later collection by the same collector; the later collection is in fruit and several pods are to be found in the packet with the type along with flowers and phyllodes, probably from both collections. Synonymy. Although we have not seen Domin’ s type of /\. amaliae var. orthopliylla we have followed Pedley (1978) in treating this name as synonymous with A. oswaldii. Bentham’s A. oswaldii var. ahbreviata is probably not distinct from the typical variant but we have not seen the type or any other authentic material representing this variant. Variation. This is a transcontinental species with many variations but seemingly none of sufficient significance and discontinuity to warrant formal recognition, not even to accommodate/!, sessiliceps which occurs principally in the Northern Territory and south-central Western Australia. Specimens formerly referred to A. ses.siliceps are characterized by their very narrow ( 1 -2 mm wide), terete to flat phyllodes; however, these appear to be the end of a dine in phyllode width. It is true that when one compares these variants with narrow phyllodes with typical A. oswaldii (phyllodes 3 mm or more wide) their facies are very dilTerent. but following an examination of herbarium material we think that it is not appropriate, at present at least, to recognize two taxa formally; Pedley (1978) suggested that A. sessiliceps ’may be no more than a narrow-phylloded variant ol A. oswaldii’ . Other variations within A. oswaldii. also not given any formal status, may in fact represent distinguishable entities but again further work is needed to assess the significance of the differences thathave been observed in herbarium material. The variants that wehave been able torecognizeinclude the following. 1. Some specimens which occur scattered throughout the range of the species have densely golden- or silvery-sericeous new shoots which lack resin. The flowers and fruits on these plants appear to be identical to those of typical A. oswaldii (which has new shoots with a sparse silvery appressed indumentum intermixed with many reddish resin hairs; the latter impart a rusty brown colour to the new growth). Unfortunately too few specimens arc with new growth for us to meaningfully assess the significance and extern of the sericeous variant. Examples of the sericeous variant include 428 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Koodnanie Creek, Birdsville Track, South Australia, R. Filson 33 16 (MEL, PERTH) and c. 62 miles [99.2 km] SSE of Milparinka, New South Wales, E.F. Constable 4621 (NSW, PERTH). 2. Plants around Lake Moore, Western Australia, are c. 2 m tall with unusually short phyllodes (1-2.5 cm long), e.g. Mouroubra Station, B.R. Maslin 6669 (CANB, PERTH). 3. The inflorescences of A. oswaldii normally comprise closely sessile, axillary heads, but occasionally the heads are in rudimentary racemes (1- or 2-branched with axes 2-3 mm long) with peduncles 1-2 mm long, e.g. Gibson Desert, Western Australia, T. Vercoe and M McDonaldTKV 534 (PERTH). 4. The phyllodes of A. oswaldii are commonly coarsely to sharply pungent and sub-acute to acute or shortly acuminate, but sometimes they are not at all pungent and obtusely mucronulate, e.g. 45 km due SW of Yalgoo, Western Australia, B.R. Maslin 5378 (PERTH), Lake Amadeus, Northern Teritory, P.K. Latz 57 1 8 (BRI, DNA, PERTH). Acacia pelophila R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex densus, rotundatus, glaber, 1-2 m altus, aJ 2 m latus. Phyllodia lineari-oblanceolata, latissima ad medium et versus basem contracta, obtusa et apiculata, interdum oblique, 35-75 mm longa, 3-6 mm lata, coriacea, recta ad leviter curvata, glabra, nervis principalibus 6-10, distantis et elevatis, nervis secondariis fere quam distinctis, cum nervis primariis parallelis, aliquando anastomosantibus. Pedunculi 5-10 mm longi, 2 in quoque axilla, glabri, pedunculorum bracteis caducis, ovatis, 1 .5- 2.5 mm longis. Capitula + obloidea, aurea, 5.5-6 mm longa, 4.5 mm diametro, 33-45-floribus, bracteolis oblanceolato-spathulatis, longo-ciliatis. Flores 5-meri. Sepala petalis dimidia breviora, discreta, spathulato-linearia, ± ciliata. Petala anguste elliptica ad oblanceolata, discreta, glabra, patentia. Ovarium papillosum. Legumen lineare, supra semina elevatum et inter semina constrictum, 2-5 cm longum, 1.5 mm latum, tenuiter coriaceum, leviter curvatum, appresso-puberulum. Semina longitudinalia, obloideo-ellipsoidea, 3 mm longa, 1.2 mm lata, 0.8 mm crassitie, subnitida, nigra; arillus terminalis, albus. Typus: north-west of Northampton [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 6 October 1972, B.R. Maslin3[25 {holo: PERTH 00193453; iso: CANB, K). Dense, rounded shrub 1-2 m tall, to 2 m wide. New growth pale green, resinous and shiny. Branchlets glabrous, somewhat angled when young, soon terete. Stipules narrowly triangular, 0.5-0.8 mm long, glabrous, persistent. Phyllodes linear-oblanceolate, 35-75 mm long, 3-6 mm wide, coriaceous, ascending to erect, straight to very shallowly incurved, glabrous; longitudinal nerves 6—10 per face, distant (inter-nerve distance much wider than width of nerves), impressed or slightly raised, anastomoses absent or very few; apex obtuse, apiculate;pM/vmMj l-2mmlong. G/anrf on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of pulvinus or up to 1 mm above it, small. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles 5-10 mm long, glabrous or occasionally sparsely puberulous; basal peduncular foracfJcaducous,cucullate, ovate, 1. 5-2.5 mm long, glabrous or ciliolate. T/eadxsubglobulartoobloid, 5.5- 6 mm long, 4.5 mm diam., 33-45-tlowered; bracteoles oblanceolate-spathulate, long-ciliate, the lamina widely elliptic to elliptic, acute. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/2 the petal length, free, spathulate- linear, ± ciliate; petals narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, free, glabrous, spreading. Ovary papillose. Pod linear, raised over and ± slightly constricted between seeds, 2-5 cm long, 1.5 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, straight to slightly curved, resinous, appressed puberulous. Seeds R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 429 longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 3 mm long, 1 .2 mm wide, 0.8 mm thick, semi-glossy, black; pleurogram U-shaped; areole small, slightly raised; aril terminal, 1/4-1/3 as long as seed, white. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all NW of Northampton [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons] ; W.E. Blackall 4539 (PERTH); N. Perry 252 (PERTH); P. C. Ryan 34 (CANB, K, PERTH); D. Wilcox 22 (PERTH). Distribution. Known from only a few localities north-west of Northampton, Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in white to grey-brown clay sometimes with an overburden of red or brown silt, commonly along saline creek lines with Eucalyptus sp. and Acacia brumalis. Phenology. Flowering recorded in July, August and October; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The name refers to the fact that all the present collections of A. pelophila are from plants growing on clayey substrates, from two Latinized Greek words, pelos (clay), and the suffix -phila (loving, having an affinity for). Affinities. Acacia pelophila is most closely related to the widespread species A. sclerophylla (see below) from which it is most readily distinguished by its generally larger phyllodes, obloid to sub- globular heads containing more numerous flowers and its narrower, straighter pods. The new species may superficially resemble/!, lanei R.S. Cowan & Maslin which is readily distinguished by its white- sericeous, resinous branchlets and peduncles, globular heads commonly arranged in rudimentary racemes, and glabrous pods 2-3 mm wide. Acacia lanei is restricted to a small area around Hyden. Acacia pinguiculosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ramosissimus (0.1)0.3-1(1.5) m altus. Phyllodia linearia, obovata- ad oblanceolato- oblonga vel teretia, 1 0-30 mm longa, 1-7.5 mm lata, carnosa, ± recta vel leviterincurvata, glabra, nervis principalibus in quoque pagina I -3 (laminis applanatis) vel 6-8 (laminis teretibus), nervis secondariis plerumque imperfectis vel destitutis. Pedunculi 1 vel 2 in quoque axilla, (5)7-10(13) mm longi, pedunculorum bracteis basalibus ± ovatis, 0.5 mm longis latisque. Capitula globularia, 3-6 mm diametro, 10-17-floribus. Flores 5-meri. Sepala 2/3-3/4 connata. Legumen lineare, biconvexum vel planum, leviter curvatum, 1-4 cm longum, 2-5 mm latum, coriaceum vel crasso-crustaceum, glabrum. Semina longitudinalia, lato-ellipsoidea ad ellipsoidea, 2.5-3.5 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, maculata, arillo terminal!. Typus: Ravensthorpe Range near Kundip, c. 1 8 km south of Ravensthorpe township. Western Australia, 31 August 1980, B.R. Maslin 4784 (holo: PERTH 00170917; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY). Rounded or sometimes ± obconic shrub, spreading, compact to moderately open, (0. 1)0.3- 1(1.5) m tall and 0.7-2 m across, 2-many-branched at ground-level. Branchlets glabrous or occasionally sparsely appressed-puberulous at the resinous (not viscid) and sometimes scurfy extremities. Bark grey, finely fissured at base of main stems, otherwise smooth. New shoots resinous. Stipules triangular, 0.2-0.5 mm long, glabrous, caducous. Phyllodes terete to flat, linear or obovate to oblong- 430 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) oblanceolate, 10-30 mm long, 1-7.5 mm wide, ±fleshy, smooth when fresh butdryingfinely to coarsely longitudinally wrinkled, ascending to erect, sub-straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, green to yellowish-green; longitudinal nerves 1-3(5) per face (when flat) or 6-8 (when terete), on dry, terete phyllodes the nerves sometimes difficult to distinguish from the longitudinal wrinkles; rounded- obtuse; pulvinus 1-2 mm long, appressed-puberulous adaxially or glabrous. Gland obscure or sometimes absent, on upper margin of phyllode 0-4 mm above pulvinus. Inflorescences simple, 1 or 2 per axil; peduncles (5)7-10(13) mm long, glabrous or occasionally sparsely appressed-puberulous and sometimes with minute, reddish resin-hairs; basal peduncular bract often persistent, ± ovate, 0.5 mm long and wide. Heads globular, bright light- to medium-golden, 7-9 mm diam. (fresh), 3-6 mm diam. (dry), sub-densely 10-17-flowered; buds sub-acute to apiculate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/4-1/2 length of petals, 2/3-3/4 connate, ciliolate; petals free, narrowly elliptic, acute, glabrous, prominently 1 -nerved. Ovary granu lose to appressed-puberulous. PoJ narrowly oblong to linear, biconvex to flat, straight to shallowly curved, 1-4 cm long, 2-5 mm wide, coriaceous to crustaceous, smooth or longitudinally wrinkled, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, widely ellipsoid to ellipsoid, 2.5-3.5 mm long, 1 .5-2 mm wide, mottled grey or yellowish and brown; aril terminal. Distribution. Extends from the vicinity of Frank Hann National Park south to near Ravensthorpe and east to Mt Burdelt and Cape Le Grand, southern Western Australia. Etymology. The name for the species is from the diminutive of pinguis, Latin for fat, rich, in allusion to the thick, fleshy phyllodes. Affinities. Perhaps related to the ‘T. sulcata group’ but most of the taxa of that alliance have different phyllode nervature, cucullate basal peduncular bracts and undulate pods (see Cowan & Maslin 1993). Subspecies. This species comprises two subspecies: the typical subspecies is geographically restricted to a small area south and east of Ravensthorpe and is recognized by its broad, flat phyllodes, and the widespread subsp. teretifolia normally has ± terete phyllodes 1-1.5 mm wide. However, some plants from about 15 km due north-east of Ravensthorpe (e.g. B.R. Maslin 4774, MEL, NY, PERTH) are unusual in having flat phyllodes 2-2.5 mm wide; these are probably variants of subsp. teretifolia (which occurs in the area) but further work is needed to confidently determine their taxonomic status. Future study may require recognition of the two subspecies as distinct species but our present knowledge of the group does not justify that course. Key to subspecies of Acacia pinguiculosa Phyllodes flat, (3)4-7 mm wide, obovatc to oblong-oblanceolate; pods smooth, coriaceous Phyllodes ± terete, 1-1.5 mm wide; pods longitudinally wrinkled when dry, crustaceous Acacia pinguiculosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin subsp. pinguiculosa Phyllodes obovate to oblong-oblanceolate, Hat, 1 0-30 mm long, (3)4-7.5 mm wide, 1 or 3 (rarely 5) main nerves on each phyllode face. Pod smooth, coriaceous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: NW of No Tree Hill on John Forrest track [c. 20 km due SSW ol Ravensthorpe], K. Hradby 40 (PERTH); 7.4 km S of Ravensthorpe towards subsp. pinguiculosa .... subsp. teretifolia R.S. Cowan and B,R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 431 Hopetoun, B.R. Maslin 3896 (BM, BRI, G, K, NSW, PERTH); 33.5 km E of Ravensthorpe towards Esperance, B.R. Maslin 39 1 3 (PERTH); 15 kin S of Ravensthorpe on road to Hopetoun, B.R. Maslin 4780 (AD, MO, PERTH); Ravensthorpe Range, 3 km NE of Kundip, K. Newbey 9691 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs to the south and east of the Ravensthorpe area, including the Ravensthorpe Range, south west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in loam, clay or laterite on low hills with Eucalyptus tetraptera or Allocasuarina humilis in dense scrub, commonly in association with granite. Phenology. Flowering recorded from late June to September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Acacia pinguiculosa subsp. teretifolia R.S. Cowan & Maslin, subsp. nov. Asubsp.p(>igw(CM/o,japhyllodiisteretibus, I2-20mmlongis, 1-1 .5mmdiametro,6- vel8-nervatis, glandeminutaindistincta, legumine 15-35 mm longo, 2-3.5 mm lato, in siccolongitudinaliterrugoso, differt. Typus: Cape Le Grand, c. 25 km south-eastofEspcrance, Western Australia, 7 October 1966, F.G. Wilson 5557 {holo: PERTH 00664650; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Phyllodes terete or nearly so, 1 2-20 mm long, 1-1.5 mm diam., 6-nerved or uncommonly 8-nerved; gland minute, indistinct. Pods 15-35 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, wrinkled longitudinally when dry, crustaceous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: on Hatters track, 1.3 km NofMt Gibbs turnoff, K. Bradby 30 (PERTH); 38 km SE of Coujinup Hill, M.A. Burgman 1354 & S. McNee (PERTH); Mt Burdett, M.A. Burgman 3280 & C. Layman (PERTH); c. 17 km NNW of Young River crossing on Ravensthorpe— Esperance road, A.M Dw!/?er2806(PERTH);NsideofMtLeGrand,A.5. George 1 1012 (PERTH); c. 65 miles (c. 104 km] E of Lake King, R.H. Kiichel 1 827 (PERTH); Frank Hann National Park, D. Monk 322 (PERTH); c. 1 8 km NE of Ravensthorpe, near Woodenup Creek, B.R. Maslin 4775 (NSW, NY, PERTH); 16 miles [25.7 km| E of Lake King, K. Newbey 3276 (B, MO, PERTH); 13 km S of Ml Glasse, Bremer Ra., K. Newbey 5389 (BM, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia, extending from Frank Hann National Park and nearby (nearMt Gibbs, east of Lake King and south of Mt Glasse) south to near Ravensthorpe and east to Mt Burdett in the Wittcnoom Hills and Cape Le Grand. Habitat. Grows in .sand, gravel, loam or clay, commonly on lower slopes of hills or around their base, on or in association with granite, in open mallee shrubland, heath and dwarf scrub. Phenology. Most flowering recorded from July to September (single flowering collections recorded for May and October); mature pods collected in December. Conservation .status. Not under threat. 432 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the Latin teres (rounded or cylindrical in section) and folium (a leaf), in reference to the terete form of the phyllodes. Acacia recurvata R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex tholiformis, densus, 0. 5-2.5 m altus. Cortex levis, griseus. Ramuli initio angulares resinosique. Stipulae 0.5-1 .5 mm longae, persistentcs. Phyllodia inaequilateraliter anguste elliptica, acuta, apiculata, 2.5-4 cm longa, 4-8 mm lata, coriacea, ± recurvata, glabra, nervis resinosis, in quoque pagina 5-10 nervis pnmariis Icviter elevatis, nervis secondaris aliquando anastomosantibus; glans basalis. Racemi axis 0.5-1 mm longus, valde resinosus, post anthesin crescens. Pedunculi 5-8 mm longi, glabri vel hirsutelli, resinosi. Capitula globularia, aurea, 4.5-5 mm diametro, 1 8-25-floribus. Flores pen tameri. Sepala 1/2-3/4-connata, resinosa. Petala in medio cohaerentia. Legumen lineare, 3-6 cm longum et 3.5^ mm latum, resinosum, tenuiter crustaceum. Semina obloidea, 3.5-4 mm longa. Typus: near Coorow [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 20 June 1977, C. Chapman s.n. (holo: PERTH 00193437; iso: CANB). Dense, domed, much-branched shrub 0.5-2. 5 m tall and 1-3 m across, branching at ground level. BarA: smooth, grey or reddish grey. New shoots resinous, slightly viscid, shiny, green (drying brownish). Branchlets angular and strongly resinous at first, becoming terete, glabrous or sparsely and minutely, sub-appressed hirsutellous with antrorse pale yellowish or white hairs. Stipules triangular, 0.5-1 .5 mm long, persistent. Phyllodes inequilaterally narrowly elliptic with the adaxial margin normally more curved than abaxial, 2.5-4 cm long, 4-8 mm wide, coriaceous, ascending, mostly shallowly to moderately recurved, sometimes straight and dimidiate, glabrous or rarely hirsutellous on nerves, dull grey-green or dark green with a silvery sheen; longitudinal nerves 5-10 per face, resinous (resin sometimes dryig whitish), anastomoses few; apex acute to sub-acute, ± apiculate; pulvinus 1-1.5 mm long. Gland on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of pulvinus, not prominent. Inflorescences simple in axillary pairs or 1- or 2-headed rudimentary racemes; axis 0.5-1 mm long, growing out at anthesis; peduncles 5-8 min long, glabrous or sparsely hirsutellous with pale golden or white, spreading to ± appressed hairs, resinous; basal peduncular bract persistent through anthesis, ovate, acute, 0.8- 1.5 mm long. Heads globular, golden, 4.5-5 mm diam., 18-25-flowered; bracteoles spathulate, the blade ovate, acute, apiculate, minutely puberulous, resinous. E/ower5'5-merous; sepals c. 2/3 length of petals, 1/2-3/4-united, resinous; lobes rounded; petals reflexed, free but coherent in mid-section, resinous. Ovary papillose. Pods linear, slightly raised over seeds and not constricted between them, 3-6 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, curved, glabrous, resinous, viscid when young. Seeds longitudinal, obloid, 3.5-4 mm long, 2 mm wide, dark brown, slightly shiny; aril terminal. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: all near Coorow [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons], 25 July 1977, C. Chapman s.n. (PERTH); B.R. Maslin 6580 (K, MEL, PERTH); D. Papenfus DP452(MEL, NSW, PERTH); 5. Patrick SP 1 367 & A. Brown (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to the Coorow-Three Springs area, south-west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in sandy clay and hard granitic clay-loam, on or near breakaways in Melaleuca uncinata shrubland, and in Eucalyptus wandoo open woodland along watercourses. Phenology. Flowering recorded in June and July; mature pods collected in October. R.S. Cowan and B.R, Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 433 Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The specific epithet is based on the Latin recurvatus (recurved), in reference to the phyllodcs. Affinities. Superficially similar to A. vittata (see below). Acacia resinosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex aroniaticus, rotundatus, 1-3 m altus. Ramuliresinosi, luteo-porcati. Phyllodia teretia, acuta, brevi ter curvata usque ad uncinata, (25)30-80(90) mm longa, 0.5-1 mm diam., rectaad levitercurvata, nervis c. 16, planis, pulvino cylindrico, 2-3.5 mm longo, resinoso, abrupte separate. Gians basalis. Pedunculi (2)4-8(9) rnm longi, binati, resinosi, obscure puberuli, pilis minutis, rubris, glandulosis. Capitulaglobularia, 3.5-4 mm diametro, 1 8-37-noribus;bracteolaepeltatae, laminadenseglanduloso- puberula pilis rubris minutis. Flores 5-mcri. Calyx cupulatus, 5-angulatus, lobis subnullis usque ad breviter rotundatis, marginaliter rubro-glanduloso-puberulis. Corolla 1/2-3/4-connata. Legumen lineare, 40-70 mm longum, 2-3.5 mm latum, chartaceum, rectum, resinosum. Semina longitudinalia, ellipsoidea, 2.5-3.5 mm longa, c. 1 .5 mm lata,maculataatro-brunneaetdiluto-grisea;arillusterminalis. 7y/5M5.- Vermin Proof FenceNo. 1 ,5 kmdueSEofEmuRock,EofFlyden, Western Australia, 1 1 October 1 975, 8. R. Maslin 3939 (halo: PERTH 00 1 50800; iso: AD, BM, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, W,Z). Somewhat aromatic shrub, generally resinous (but not viscid), dense, rounded or sometimes obconical, 1-3 m tall, 1 .5-4 m wide, normally much-branched basally, rarely single-stemmed with age; crown extending to ground level or occupying about 40% of plant height. Bark dark grey, fibrous or rough at base, smooth above. Hranchlets glabrous, yellow-resinous, the resin encrusting the entire surface or confined to ridges. triangular, caducous or occasionally persistent. P/iy/Wej terete to subterete, (25)30-80(90) mm long, 0.5-1 mm diam., sub-rigid, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, light green; apex straight or very shallowly curved to uncinate, innocuous; longitudinal nerves c. 16, plane, flat-topped and very close together; pulvinus 2-3.5 mm long, cylindrical, resinous, orange, abruptly separated from phyllode blade. Gland small, immersed in swollen base of phyllode blade. Inflorescences simple, 1 or2peraxil;pec/«nc/£’^(2)4-8(9)mmlong, glabrous or someiimes minutely appressed-puberulous, resinous; basal peduncular bract ovate, ± concave, resinous. Heads globular, golden, 5 mm diam. when fresh (3.5-4 mm when dry), densely 18-37-nowcred; hractcoles peltate, stipe slender, blade rounded, densely glandular-puberulous with red micro hairs. Flowers 5-merous; calyx I/2-3/4 length of corolla; sepals united, with 5 marginal irregularities or with definite, rounded lobes, puberulous on nerves, margins puberulous with glandular, red micro hairs; petals oblanccolate, 1/2-3/4-unitcd, glabrous, each lobe uninerved. Ovary papillatc-pubcrulous. Pods linear, slightly constricted between and slightly raised over seeds, slightly undulate, 40-70 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, straight, resinous, glabrous, greyish yellow; margins paler. Seeds longitudinal, ellipsoid, 2. 5-3. 5 mm long, c. 1.5 mm wide, glossy, mottled dark brown on dull yellow, mid-brown or grey; pleurogram obscure, U-shaped; areole small; aril white. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSl RALI A: 4 1 .7 km ENE ol Sheoak Hill, M.A. Burgman 2439 & S. McNee (PERTH); 12. 1 miles ( 19.5 km| W of Kumarl towards Lake King, R. Cumming 2546 (PERTH); 3.6 km NNW of Wongan HilLs-Ballidu road on Craig Road, turnoff 4.3 km N of Wongan Hills, R. Camming 3627 (PERTH); 51 km from Wubin towards Mount Magnet, B.R. Maslin 3534 434 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) (CANS, PERTH, Z); 16 km SEof Kulin towards Lake Grace, R.R. Muslin 4015 (CANB,MO, PERTH); 34 km due NNE of Kalannie, B.R. Muslin 7529 (PERTH); 7 km SW of Ponier Rock, c. 72 km S of Balladonia Motel, Eyre Hwy, K. Newbey 7356 (PERTH); 3 km NE of Clear Streak Well, c. 73 km SE of Norseman, K. Newbey 7568 (PERTH); 23 km SE of Karonie, K. Newbey 8497 (PERTH); c. 6.5 km by road N ofWongan Hills, Wongan Hills Experimental Farm, Reserve 1 8672, Craig Road, C.M. Parker 210(AD,CANB, PERTH); 14 km NEofWubin on road to Mount Magnet, P.G. VFiAon6476(AD,CANB, K, MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, widespread but discontinuous from near Gutha, south to near Wongan Hills, north of Koolyanobbing at Diemals, east to Karonie and in scattered localities from near Kulin east to near Ponier Rock (south of Balladonia). Habitat. Grows on clay loam and sandy flats; occasional to locally abundant in low open woodland, thickets, open scrub and heath in association with Acacia, Allocasuarina, Eucalyptus, Grevillea, Hakea and Melaleuca spp. Phenology. Flowering recorded in March and from June to December, but it is likely that sporadic flowering occurs most of the year; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin resinosus (resinous), in allusion to the more or less obvious resinous nature of most parts of the plant. In the case of flower parts, there are many red micro hairs which are apparently glandular, to the extent that bracteoles and calyx margins are coherent with one another. Common name. Summer Wattle. Affinities. In the Kalannie region (in the north-central wheatbelt region of Western Australia) there is a rare taxon of uncertain taxonomic status that appears to be closely related to A. resinosw, in places thetwotaxaaresympatric. This taxon is referred to as/\. alT. re.vmoja and is mostreadily distinguished from A. resinosa its smaller statue (0.3-1 m tall), generally shorter phyllodes (2-5 cm long), sessile heads and yellow arils. Other close relatives for A. resinosa arc unknown, although it does have a superficial resemblence to A. coolgardiensis Maiden subsp. coolgardiensis\ these two taxa grow close to one another in places and care is needed to ensure that they are not confused on account of their similar growth habit and phyllodes. From a distance the crown of subsp. coolgardiensis has an overall greyish hue, whereas that of A. resinosa is light green; upon closer inspection subsp. coolgardiensis is distinguished by its lluted trunk, sessile, commonly obloid heads, and terete pods containing non- mottled seeds. Acacia rigens A. Cunn. ex Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 403 ( 1832); Benth., London J. Bot. 1; 342 (1842). - Racosperma rigens (A. Cunn. ex Don) Pcdlcy, Aiistrobaileya 2: 355 (1987). ?Type: Lachlan River, New South Wales, 1817, A. Cunningham 400 and 401 (both BM, K); see discussion below under Typification. Acacia rigens A. Cunn. ex Loudon, nom. subnud., Hort. Brit. 2: 406 ( 1 830). Acacia chordophylla F. Muell. ex Benth., Linnaea 26: 612 (1855). Type: Murray River, [Victoria], October 1848, F. Mueller s.n. (lecio: MEL 500636, /i'r/e Pedley 1978: 186; isolecto: A, BM, K). R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acaciei iiiiscellany 17 435 Spreading shrub 2-3 m tall, occasionally a small tree to 6 m. Bark smooth, thin, exfoliating in narrow, elongate strips, dark grey Branchlets slrongly yellow-ribbed, sericeous between glabrous ribs, with many red resin hairs intermixed with shining white ones. Phyllodes linear, terete, rarely flat, 3- 1 4 cm long, 0.8- 1 mm diam. (terete form) to 2.5 mm wide (flat form), coriaceous to sub-rigid, patent to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, grey-green, glabrous or sericeous between nerves; longitudinal nerves numerous, some more prominent than others, yellowish; apex innocuous to ± coarsely pungent by a straight or curved point; pulvinus short, thick, appressed-puberulous, c. 1 mm long. Gland basal, small, depressed. Injlorescences simple, ( 1 )2(4) per axil; peduncles normally 2-6 mm long, sericeous with many red resin hairs intermixed; basal peduncular bracts persistent, broadly ovate, concave, acute, sericeous. Heads globular, golden, 4-8 mm diam., 20-33-flowcred; bracteoles spathulate with slender stipe and flabellate lamina, puberulous apically with many red, viscid resin hairs, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals I/2-2/3 length of petals, free to 1/2-united, oblong to oblong-spathulate, glabrous or lobes apically .sericeous or puberulous, ciliolate; petals narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate- elliptic, free, glabrous. Ovary papillate puberulous. Pod sub-moniliform, raised over and constricted between seeds, 3.5-10 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous, straight to slightly curved, twisted and loosely coiled after dehiscence, somewhat appressed-puberulous. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid to narrowly ellip.soid, 3-4.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, pale brown, glossy; areole half or more as long as seed, surrounded by paler brown area; aril conical, terminal, covering only seed apex. Selected specimens examined. WE.STERN AUSTRALIA; Ponton Creek, N of Zanthus, A.S'. George 5979 (PERTH); 100 km E of Cosmo Newbery on Warburton road, A. 5. George 12191 (PERTH, TLF); 1 ,4 miles [2.3 km] W of Hines Hill, B.R. Maslin 1733 (CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH); c. 21 km due NE of Nungann, B.R. Muslin 1967 (CANB, K, MEL, NSW); 3.2 km E of Boorabbin on Great Eastern Highway, B.R. Maslin 2407 (BRI, CANB, NY, PERTH, S); 25 km SW of Balladoma Motel, Dundas Nature Reserve, K. Newbey 1 1740 (PERTH); about 88 km from Southern Cross towards Coolgardie, M.E. Phillips'^ 703 (PERTH). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Hundred of Ramsay, c. 15 km ESE of Minlaton, southern Yorke Peninsula, B.J. Blaylock 1 699 (PERTH); about 1 2 km NE of Arno Bay along Lincoln Highway, Hj. Eichler 19172 (PERTH); 22.8 km SE of water tower in Tailem Bend on Dukes Highway, N. Hall H80/85 (PERTH); 1 8 km N of Mount Lindsay, 25 .luly 1 980, D. Hewetts.n. (PERTH 00682004); Murray River, between Renmark and Chowilla Station, 2 Sep. 1982, B.R. Maslin s.n. (MEL, PERTH 00682020); Gawler Range area, M.H. Simmons 1720 (PERTH); about 14 km E of Cummins on Cummins-Tumby Bay road, D.J.E. Whibley 1939 (PERTH). QUEENSLAND: Dingwall, 97 miles [155 km] SSEofCharlevilIc, S.L. £:verisr75()8(BRI);45 kmEof Cunnamulla, August 1971, F.D. Hackings s.n. (BRI); c. 14 miles [22.4 km] NNW of Tara along upper Humbug road, L.S. Smith 14154 (BRI). I NEW SOUTH WALES; 6 miles ]9.6 km] by road E of Rankin Springs, E.F. Constablel256 (PERTH); !' 3 miles ]4.8 km] NE of West Wyalong, R. Coveny TMl (PERTH); 12 km N of Condobolin, R. Perry 1 10 (PERTH). VICTORIA: Stewart Flora and Fauna Reserve, Redcliffs area, M.G. Corrickl3^1 (PERTH); 22.3 km 1 ' N of Speed on Sunraysia Highway. N. Hull H80/38 (PERI H). Distribution. Widespread ihroughoul soulhcrn Australia, occurring in all mainland states except the Northern Territory. The principal range is from the Gawler Ranges, South Australia, east through north- western Victoria to near Dubbo in New South Wales but with a few scattered occurrences in western •' South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. ' Habitat. Common in drier red, sandy soils, mostly in malice communities but also adjoining woodland ' (pine, box) communities. 436 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to November, with the main period from August to September; mature pods collected from November to January. Conserx’ation status. Not considered to be under threat. Typification. In his revision of Acacia in Queensland, Pedley ( 1 978) typified /I. rigens by Cunningham 400, indicating the lower left-hand specimen on a sheet at K as the holotype. The typification of this species, however, cannot be solved so easily, for it is rife with problems and uncertainties, compounded by the collector and by the author of the taxon. Two Cunningham numbers arc involved, 400 and 401, both of which were apparently only in flower; at least the collector in his field notes described only llowers. We have determined from lists of seeds collected in later years that Cunningham used the epithet ‘rigens' for 401, even though in the original field notes he wrote ‘Acacia calainistrifolia’ for that number. His collection number 400 with old fruits and young inflorescences may well have been collected as late as 1823 when Cunningham re-collected in the type locality and presumably gave the same collection number to the new material. Since neither Cunningham nor Don mentioned fruits it seems appropriate here to review all the material of both collections before considering further what course to adopt with respect to typification. Two sheets at Herb. BM bear type material, one with a flowering branchlet of Cunningham 400, the other with a flowering branchlet of Cunningham 401 , as well as a branchlet of /\. havilandiorum Maiden on each of the two sheets. At Herb. K there are three sheets bearing type material, as well as various bits of other collections. Sheet one with a pinned label for Cunningham 400 has a single flowering branchlet which is probably a duplicate of that same collection represented at BM; there is also a small packet on this sheet, enclosing flower heads, presumably from the branchlet on this sheet, and old pod valves from a branchlet on a second sheet in young bud and old fruit. The second sheet al K also bears, in the centre, set off by pencilled lines and stamped Herb. Hookerianum, a branchlet with the notation on a slip-on label ‘Acacia .sulcata/ low flat country on L. R.’; in Cunningham's diary his notes for No. 400 read ‘A. sulcata. This appears to be A. sulcata of Mr Brown, agreeing with that plant in its persistent bractea ... a twiggy shrub in sterile scrubby tract in the low flat Country on theLachlan River 3 1 May-20 June’. This is perhaps the firstof the collections numbered 400 referred to above, and the fruiting one may well have been collected later. The lower left-hand specimen on this sheet is ex Herb. Cunningham and has flower buds and dehisced pods. It is labelled Acacia rigens, Lachlan River, NSW, June 1817, Cunningham 400 and is the one nominated by Pedley as the holotype. The third specimen on this second sheet is not labelled but it and the centre one were incon’eclly assigned to A. elungata Sieberex DC. by Pedley (1978). The third K sheet has three branchlets: the one on the right is A. havilandiorum and of no further interest here; the one on the left is a Fraser collection with a largely indecipherable label which was also wrongly allocated to A. elongata by Pedley; and the central specimen in young bud and old fruit is labelled, with a slip-on label. 'Acacia calumislrifolia L. R.’, the name used by Cunningham in his diary for his number 40 1 , ‘A. calainistrifolia: ... It differs from preceding in having dccid. bractae & from A. acicularis in its geminate capitula/ with preceding 20 June’. This branchlet would appear to be a duplicate of the left-hand specimen with young buds and old pods labelled ‘400’ on the second K sheet. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 437 To complicate matters lurlher, there is no evidence on either the K or BM sheets to indicate that the material was seen by Don. and the only authentic Cunningham script (that we can recognize at least) on any ol the sheets involved is represented by the collection numbers on the BM sheets which were cut from a field label or something similar and glued onto the sheets. The Code (Greuter et al. 1 994) stipulates that a Icctotype must be chosen from the original material seen or used by the author prior to publication of the name of the taxon, but in this instance we cannot be certain even what constitutes original material. Don may have seen specimens of both 400 and 401 , or neither, for it is entirely possible that Don's description was based on cultivated material, perhaps grown from seed taken from the K specimen of Cunningham 400, named as holotype by Pedley . Since there is so much uncertainly regarding what conslilutes original material of A. rigens, resolution of the typification of the name must await further investigation. Several important discrepancies between A. rigens as understood today and Don’s protologue should be recorded. ( I ) He described the phyllodcs as ‘3-nerved at the base’ but those of A. rigens are multinerved (c. 16-ncrvcd); (2) the phyllodcs are said to have ‘a gland-bearing tooth on the upper margin at the base’, but in A. rigens the gland is minute, scarcely noticeable, certainly not borne on a ‘tooth’; and (3) the heads are described as ‘solitary’ on peduncles ‘clothed with rufous scales’, but heads in A. rigens are preponderantly geminate, rarely one or as many as four in an axil, and the peduncles are generally sericeous with appressed. shiny white hairs and varying numbers of red resin hairs. Notwithstanding the above discussion, Bentham’s description in “Flora Australiensis” (1864) is essentially of A. rigens as understood today, and it is in this sense that we apply the name here. Synonomy. Acacia rigens var. hiiinilis was described by Bentham ( 1 842) based on a Fraser collection but with a question mark to indicate that he was not certain of the rank. This specimen is in the Herbarium Hookerianum at K and annotated 'rigens Inunilis’ by Bentham; however, it is not A. rigens but A. johnsonii. The label in Fraser's hand reads: 'Acacia. Native of Bowen, bushes in S.W. Interior, flowers in Septr-a dwarf shrub' . On a K sheet labelled A. ekingata there are a number of branchlets; two of these, set off by pencil lines, have a Cunningham label for his number 44 collected April 1 824 but this label appears to apply only to the left-hand specimen (in bud), for the other branchict has a slip-on, indecipherable label and is in open flower. Bentham wrote 'rigens B hnrnilis' l\1 the base of the left-hand specimen but it is clear that the specimen is of A. elongata. Bentham ( 1 864) described A. rigens var. langifolia based on a Leichhardt collection of unknown provenance with very long phyllodcs. "We have not seen this specimen and cannot be sure of the identity of this taxon. Bentham (1864) published Mueller' s manuscript name A. chordophylla but reduced it to synonomy under A. rigens; the two names apply to the same taxon. Affinities. Often compared with A. Iiavilundioruin which is not very closely related: A. havilandiorum has phyllodes with more numerous, fine, inconspicuous nerves and the gland is situated in the middle third of the blade; its peduncles are glabrous, its flowers mostly 4-mcrou,s, and its aril galeate, subterminal. Acacia rigens has some similarity to the Western Australian endemics A. masliniana R.S. Cowan and A. roycei Maslin. both of which are readily distinguished by their subulate-pungent phyllode apex. 438 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Variation. The hoary phyllodes and young branchlets, hoary between the nerves, taken with partly united sepals, appressed-puherulous pods and conical aril, serve to distinguish this species. Many collections from the Kellerbcrrin and Southern Cross areas in south-west Western Australia have phyllodes that are glabrous at maturity (rather ilitin sericeous between the nerves which is the typical condition) and the occurrence ol' free sepals is more common in these collections which are mostly from margins of saline habitats. There is a gradual transition from terete phyllodes to broader, Hat ones; although the broader phyllode form appears to occur more often in South Australia, there appears to be no real geographical disjunction. Specimens from New South Wales and Western Australia arc more similar to each other than to those from South Australia; typically, phyllodes are elongate, slender, straight to somewhat curved. Material from Victoria and ad)acent South Australia usually has the shortest phyllodes of the species and these are distinctly grey-green; in addition, in the southern Eyre Peninsula a variant with the most compressed, broadest phyllodes is found sy mpatrically with populations of the short phyllode variant. The species obviously should be investigated further throughout its range, especially populations around salt lakes ;uid salt Hats, for they may be potentially useful for reducing soil salinity in agricultural areas. Acacia sclerophylla Lindlcy in T. Mitcbell, Three Exped. Australia, 1st edn, 2: 139 (1838). Type: interior of New Holland [along the Murray River near junction with Loddon River at Swan Hill, Victoria], 20 June 1836, T. Mitchell ’182’ (holo: CGE; iso: K (left-hand specimen), MEL, PERTH- fragment ex K). Dense shrub, rounded or I'lat-topped, much-branched, 0.5-2 m tall, often wider than tall. Bark grey, smooth orslightly fissured. New Vioor.s'± glabrous and resinous or sometimes hairy. Branchlets ±iexe\.e, glabrous to hairy. Stipules (best observed on new shoots), triangular and c. 0.5 mm long, or linear- triangular and 1 .5-2.5 mm long, sub- persistent to caducous. Phyllodes narrowly oblong-oblanceolate to linear-oblanceolaie or linear, flat to sub-tcrete, rarely terete, (10)20-45(60) mm long, 1-4(5) mm wide, thick, coriaceous, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous or hairy, green or grey-green; longitudinal nerves 8 or more, 3-7(10) per face when flat, the nerves often of unequal prominence (3 commonly more prominent than the rest), sometimes mcally and often raised when dry, inter-nerve distance wider than nerve diameter, anastomoses absent; obtuse, straight- or excentrically curved-mucronate. Gland on uiipcr margin of phyllode 0-1 mm above pulvinus, not prominent. Inflorescences simple, 1 or 2(4) per axil; peduncles (l)2-4(5) mm long, glabrous or hairy; basal peduncular bract caducous or sub-persistent, cucullate. Heads globular, light-golden, 5-6 mm (3-4 mm dry) diam., 1 2-20-flowercd; hracteoles oblanceolate to obovate-oblong or narrowly elliptic. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/4- 1/3 petal length, free, linear to oblong or narrowly spathulate, obtuse. P ods linear, raised over and slightly constricted between seeds, 30-60 mm long, 2—3 mm wide, curved to openly and somewhat irregularly coiled or twisted, glabrous or hairy. Seeds longitudinal, obloid to obloid-ovoid; aril terminal. Distribution. Eastern Australia in south-east South Australia, north-west Victoria and south-west New South Wales; less common in south-west Western Australia. Type locality. No details were given in the protologue for the precise place, date or number of the type collection; the data given above are taken from the holotype (collection number and date) and from Mitchell’s map and journal of the expedition on which the species was found. Affinities. Most closely related to 4. pelophila (see above); see also under varieties below. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 439 Variation. There is considerable variation in the phyllode nervature of the typical variety. Sometimes there are clearly three raised main nerves that arc distinctly resinous but with the secondary nerves only slightly raised; this is also the normal condition in var. teretiuscula. In var. sclerophylla and vas.pilosa, however, the number of phyllode nerves varies from three to seven, depending on the relative prominence ol the secondary nerves, but olten the main nerves may be distinguished, even when more numerous, by their greater prominence and by the fact that they are resinous. Infraspecific taxa. Acacia scierophylla occurs as three varieties. The typical variety has glabrous phyllodes which arc usually broader than the other varieties (except a few atypical specimens from South Australia: see below). Variety pilosa differs from the other elements of y4. .scierophylla by the nature of its branchlet and phyllode indumentum as well as by its longer stipules. Variety teretiuscula is closely related to the typical variety, differing primarily in its narrower phyllodes and uncinate- puberulous branchlets. Key to varieties of Acacia scierophylla 1 Branchlet apices, new shoots and phyllodes (at least when young) pubescent to pilose with tolerably long, weak, spreading or appressed hairs; stipules 1.5-2. 5 mm long. (Western Australia.) var. pilosa 1. Branchlet apices, new shoots and phyllodes glabrous or sparsely uncinate-puberulous (hairs very short, ± appressed and abruptly curved upwards from base); stipules c. 0.5 mm long 2 Phyllodes 1-1.5 mm wide, linear; branchlets sparsely uncinate- puberulous (sometimes almost glabrous). (Western Australia.) var. teretiuscula 2. Phyllodes ( 1 .5)2-4(5) mm wide, linear-oblanccolate to narrowly oblong-oblanceolatc, rarely linear; branchlets glabrous (rarely very sparsely uncinate-puberulous). (Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria.) var. scierophylla Acacia scierophylla Bindley var. scierophylla Brandi/etr glabrous or occasionally very sparsely uncinate-puberulous as in \ar. teretiuscula. New shoots glabrous, resinous. Phyllodes linear-oblanccolate to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate and flat, rarely linear and compressed to sublerele (in South Austaralian variant), (10)20-45 mm long, 2-4(5) mm wide, I mm wide in .S.A. variant, glabrous, with 5-7(10) longitudinal nerves. Peduncles glabrous. Pod curved to twisted, glabrous. Selected specimens examined. WE.STERN AUSTRALIA: 6.9 miles [ 1 1 km] SofCadoux,/?./ Gumming 1859 (PERTH); 10 km S ofTammin on road to Gardner Reserve, B.R. Maslin 6301 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH);0.6kmNofWiLsonsDownturnoffonthcCundcrdin-Wyalkatchemroad,M//. 5Hnwjo«.y 1279 (PERTH). SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Bute. B. Copley 3858 (PERTH); 31.9 km from Kimba on Eyre Highway to Ceduna, N. Hall H80/6() (PERTH); near Hartley. D. Hunt 2689 (PERTH); Hambridge National Park, T.R.N. Lothian s.n. (AD, PERTH); c. 24 km due E of Kadina, B.R. Maslin 4526 (PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] S of Port Wakefield. M.D. Tindale 403 (PERTH); c. 54.5 km N of Cowell, M.D. Tindale 438 (PERTH); western side of Murray River on road to Mannum, 1 0 km N of Murray Bridge, D.J.G. Whitley 4207 (PERTH); f. 1 6 km WSW of Waikerie, ./.R. Wheeler46[ (PERTH). VICTORIA: beside Ouycn-Pmnaroo road just E of Tutye, .L/.G. Corrick 6236 & B.A. Fuhrer {MEL, PERTH); Big Desert, 8 km S of Murrayville on Nhill road, M.G. Corrick 6388 (MEL, PERTH); 440 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) c. 1 1,7 km along road running WorSun,set Tank-Merrinee road, 5. Short 1 195&M.C. Corrick(MEL, PERTH). NEW SOUTH WALES: Slurt Highway, 3 km W ol'Balranald, IT, Bishop 290 (NSW); Loch Lily, S of Broken Hill, W.E. Miilham W-1005 (NSW); 30 km W ofEuston, W.E. Miilham 1349 (NSW). Distribution. Restricted to a few localities in south-west Western Australia, between Cadoux and Tammin; common in south-east South Australia from Streaky Bay on the west coast of Eyre Peninsula, east to north-west Victoria where it is confined to an area from the Murray River south to near Nhill and as far east as Swan Hill, and then to south-west New South Wales where it is uncommon. Habitat. Grows in a wide range of soil typos, mostly in sandy soil and in some places overlying limestone (South Australia), but also in loam (Western Australia), red-gravel or clay, sometimes on dunes (New South Wales), in mallee eucalypt scrub or woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to November; mature pods collected from January to March and July to December. Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Variation. Typically this variety has flat, linear-oblanceolate phyllodes 2-4 cm long and 2-4 mm wide, but in S.A. two unusual variants occur: one from the Murray region with linear phyllodes 4-6 cm long (e.g. W.R. Barker 4393, AD, PERTH), the other from the Eyre Peninsula with subterete phyllodes c. 1 mm wide (e.g. B. Copley 2965, AD, PERTH). Affinities. Sometimes confused with A. wilhebniana F. Muell, which is readily distinguished by its normally very reduced racemes and peduncles that are densely yellow hairy. Acacia sclerophylla var. pilosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin, var. nov. A var. sclerophylla ramulis et phy llodiorum nervis pilosis vel pubescentibus, saepe glabrescentibus, stipulis persistentibus, linearibus, 1.5-2, 5 mm longis, differt. Typus: Reserve 24282, Dumbleyung, Western Australia, 25 October 1977, J.S. Beard 8181 {holo: PERTH 00193402). Branchlets pubescent to pilose at tips (hairs tolerably long, weak and spreading to appressed), often soon becoming glabrous. New shoots moderately to densely hairy. Stipules linear-triangular, 1 .5-2.5 mm long. Phyllodes linear to linear-oblanceolate, 20-35 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, flat, hairy when young (indumentum similar to branchlets except hairs sometimes shorter), glabrous with age, with 3-5(7) longitudinal nerves. Old pod valves coiled, sparsely to densely hairy. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: ‘Ryans Property’ , Doodlakine-Kununoppin road, 26 August 1 987, L. Atkins s.n. (CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH 00823368); North Bungal la Reserve, 1 1 km N of Bungalla on road to Yorkrakine, R.S. Cowan A742 & B.R. Maslin (BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 20 km from Lake Grace towards Kulin, N. Perry 5 1 8 (PERTH). Distribution. A little-collected variety known from only a few localities in the central wheatbelt between Kununoppin and Dumbleyung, south-west Western Australia. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 441 Habitat. Grows in sandy loam or clay in malice, sometimes at margins of salt flats. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; pods not seen. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The name of the new variety is founded on the pilose character of the branchlets and main nerves of the phyllodes, from pilosus, Latin for pilose. Acacia sclerophyllavar.teretiuscula Maiden & Blakely, 7. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 13:22(1928). Type: Bruce Rock, Merredin district. Western Australia, August 1917, F. Stoward 171 (holo: NSW; Ao. K, PERTH 0077 1678). Branchlets uncinate-puberulous (hairs very short, appressed to sub-appressed, abruptly curved upwards from base), sometimes almost glabrous. glabrous or very sparsely hairy, resinous. Sfipw/ei' triangular, c. 0.5 mmlong. P/!y/We^lincar,flat to sub-terete, 20-45 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, glabrous or very sparsely uncinate-puberulous as on branchlets, with 3(5) longitudinal nerves occasionally whitish. Pods glabrous or sparsely appressed-hairy. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, between Bruce Rock and Lake Grace [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons] : R.S. Cowan A75 1 &B.R. Maslin (BM, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); K. Newbey 1 359 (CANB, K, MEL, MO, PERTH). Distribution: A little-collected variety known from only a few scattered localities in the central wheatbelt between Bruce Rock and Lake Grace, south west Western Australia. Habitat. In scattered small populations on well-drained, light grey sand or brown clay-loam, in open mallee shrubland or woodland. A variant noted below occurs around salt lakes. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Variation. A variant not included in the above description is recognized by its completely glabrous, resinous branchlets and terete to subterete, resinous, erect phyllodes. It occurs in saline habitats in scattered localities at Mt Kokeby (between Beverley and Brookton), Corrigin and Hines Hill, e.g. B.R. Maslin 6339 (PERTH). Further study may show this variant to warrant formal recognition. Acacia subflexuosa Maiden, 7. &Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 52: 178, pi. 10, fig. 23, pi. 11, figs 1-6 (1920). Type: south-western area of Western Australia, 1849, 7. Drummond 5: 5 {holo: NSW; iso: BM, CGE, K, MEL, P, PERTH 00772186, W). [Acacia triptycha auct., non F.Muell. ex Benth.: FI. Austral. 2: 337 (1864), not as to lectotype but as to 7. Drummond 4: 1 32 and 5: 5 (see below).] Spreading, rounded shrub 0.3-1 m tall and 0.4-1 .8 m across. Bark dark grey-brown, exfoliating in narrow recurving strips at stem bases. Branchlets terete, ribs absent or scarcely evident, puberulous 442 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) (hairs patent) or appressed-puberulous at first, often becoming glabrous with age, grey but red-brown with loss of epidermis, older branchlets sometimes roughened. Stipules lanceolate-oblong to subulate, broadly based, 1-2.2 mm long, acute, 1 -nerved, ± persistent. Phyllodes terete to almost flat, (20)35- 70(80) mm long, 1 -2 mm diam., sub- rigid, commonly wide-spreading, ± irregularly curved to shallowly sigmoid, puberulous or glabrous except pul vinus and base of blades appressed-puberulous, dark green; longitudinal nerves 8, 3 per face when ± Hat, strongly raised (furrowed between when dry) and widely separated; apex curved-mucronate to subuncinate; pulvinus short, ± smooth, slightly flared at base. Gland on upper suface of phyllode 0-4 mm above pulvinus between 2 adaxial nerves that join above gland, small, plane, circular. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles 2-6 mm long, puberulous or appressed-puberulous or glabrous; basal peduncular bracts cucullate, rounded, puberulous or appressed-puberulous, 3-ncrved. Heads globular, bright yellow, 3.5-4 mm diam., 15— 22-flowered; bracteoles slightly exserted in bud, obovale to oblanceolate, acute, curved, slightly puberulous, ciliate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals more than half as long as petals, free, linear-spathulate; petals oblanceolate, free or c. 1/2-connate, occasionally weakly puberulous in apical portion. Ovary glabrous, puberulous or appressed-puberulous. Pods sub-moniliform, raised over seeds and shallowly to rather prominently constricted between them, often slightly undulate, 25-80 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, pendent, thinly crustaceous, curved, subnitid, sparsely puberulous or glabrous, margins distinctly thickened. Seeds longitudinal, widely ellipsoid, unilaterally constricted terminally, 2.5 mm long, 1.7 mm wide, 1.5 mm thick, dull, uniformly brown or mottled dark and light brown; pleurogram U-shaped; areole tiny; aril subtcrminal, crested. Typification. The holotype is indicated as being at NSW because the protologue (p. 176) makes it clear that the source of Maiden’ s material was the British Museum herbarium and theNSW sheet bears a label to this effect. The sheet is annotated in Blakely’s hand. Affinities. Acacia subflexuosa is closely related to both A. consanguinea R.S. Cowan & Maslin and A. leptoneura. Acacia consanguinea differs most obviously from A. subflexuosa in having ascending to erect phyllodes which are generally straighter (normally they are uniformly very shallowly incurved), consistently terete and with (eight) rather obscure, scarcely raised longitudinal nerves that are shallowly and irregularly furrowed between; furthermore, the (obscure) gland is usually 6-10 mm above the pulvinus. Acacia consanguinea occurs from Muntadgin to Coolgardie, with outlying populations near Wialki and Kalannie. The differences between A. subflexuosa and A. leptoneura are found principally in the number of nerves in the phyllodes, eight in A. subflexuosa and about sixteen in A. leptoneura', the bracteoles are more obviously exserted in A. subflexuosa but otherwise the two species are extremely similar and deserve thorough field studies to resolve the question of whether or not the two taxa are really distinct, especially in view of the fact that A. leptoneura is known only by the (flowering) type collection. The latter statement will be surprising to many who have assigned collections to this species for years but all the sheets we have seen so determined are identifiable with other taxa. Notes. As pointed out by Maiden (1920), the type of A. subflexuosa was included by Bentham (1864) in his A. triptycha, and was the source of his description of the phyllode of A. triptycha as ‘flexuose’. Acacia subflexuosa comprises two geographically disjunct subspecies. Key to subspecies of Acacia subflexuosa Branchlets and peduncles with minute, appressed hairs; phyllodes glabrous except appressed-puberulous at base subsp. subflexuosa Branchlets and peduncles with dense, spreading hairs; phyllodes with sparse to moderately dense spreading hairs subsp. capillata R.S. Cowan and B,R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 443 Acacia subflexuosa Maiden subsp. subflexuosa Branchlets minutely appressed-puberulous at first, normally glabrescent with age. Phyllodes glabrous except minutely appressed-puberulous base of blade and pulvinus. Peduncles 2-5 mm long, glabrous or minutely appressed-puberulous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Dryandra State Forest, 24 June 1986, K. Atkins s.n. (K, PERTH 00756628); St Fergus Farm Road, c. 2-3 km N of turnoff to Avon Valley National Park along Toodyay Road, H. Demarz 6 1 62 (PERTH); Jarrahdale, vicinity of Travellers Arms [hotel], Jan. 1968, R.J. Edmiston s.n. (PERTH 00700983); BaangaHill, 16 km due SE of Lake King, on Hatters Hill Road, 1 km N of Baanga Hill Road, B.R. Maslin 6320 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 1 8 km EofLake King, 9478-1 (CANB,MELU,PERTH);DryandraStateForest,D.Ro^e 190 (CANB, PERTH); Goonaring Springs, [c. 20 km due SW of Toodyay], late Nov. 1986, B. Rowley s.n. (PERTH 00799726); Baanga Hill, c. 16 km SE of Lake King townsite, P.G. Wilson 7017 (PERTH). Distribution. Scattered localities between Wundowie and Dryandra State Forest with a disjunct occurrence near Lake King, south-west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in gravelly loam and gravel, usually on laterite hills and ridges in scrub and shrubland. I Sometimes associated with granite outcrops. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to November, and a single collection in January; mature . pods collected in November. I Conservation status. Not under threat. I Acacia subflexuosa subsp. capillata R.S. Cowan & Maslin, subsp. nov. A subsp. subflexuosa ramulis, phyllodiis, pedunculis, bracteis basalibus, ovario et leguminibus puberulis, et petalis 1/2-connatis, differt. f' Typus: south of Cunderdin [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, ' 13 September 1982, B.H. Smith 101 (holo: PERTH 00866857; iso: MEL). Branchlets densely pubcrulous with patent hairs. Phyllodes sparsely to moderately puberulous with patent hairs. Peduncles 4-6 mm long, densely puberulous with patent hairs. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: S of Cunderdin [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]; 27 Sepl. 1994, Anonymous s.n. (PERTH 04105648); D. Papenfus DP 668 (PERTH); Nov. 1 982, B.H. Smith s.n. (PERTH 00702218). Distribution. Known from only a single population south ofCunderdin, south-west Western Australia, east and north of the typical subspecies, ■' Habitat. Grows in laterite and grey sand in scrubland. ' Phenology. Flowers (past peak anlhesis) collected in September; pods with seeds have not been seen. i. 444 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the indumentum on many parts of the plant, from the Latin capillatus (hairy). Acacia trinalis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex densus, rotundatus, vel arbuscula fruticosa, 1 .5^ m alta. Ramuli glabri, ± resinoso-costati. Phyllodia linearia, acuta, ad apicem curvata ad subuncinata, 4.5-9 cm longa, 2-3 mm lata, recta ad leviter incurvata, 3-nervata, costa valde elevata et resinosa. Pedunculi (3)4-6(9) mm longi, 2 in quoque axilla, glabri, capitulis globularibus, 4-4.5 mm diametro, 22-28-floribus. Flores pentameri; sepalis 1/4-1/2-connatis et anguste oblongis; petalis discretis. Legumen et semina non visa. Typus: between Wongan Hills and Piawaning [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 10 September 1975, B.R. Maslin 3812 (holo: PERTH 00193933; iso: BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY). [Acacia cochlearis auct. non (Labill.) H.L. Wendl.; G. Bentham, FI. Austral. 2: 324 (1864), as to J. Drummond 2: 139.] Dense shrub or bushy small tree, rounded or obconic, multi-stemmed, 1 .5-4 m tall; crown to 4 m across; trunk to 12 cm diam. SarA: smooth, grey. New' glabrous, strongly resinous. Branchlets somewhat angular and resin-ribbed at extremities, soon terete, glabrous, orange to light brown. Stipules minute, triangular, caducous. Phyllodes linear, 4.5-9 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, not rigid, patent to ascending, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous, mid- to dark-green; longitudinal nerves 3 per face and widely spaced, somewhat raised (when dry) with the mid-nerve the most prominent, all nerves resinous (ageing meally) or only the mid-nerve, anastomoses absent or few and longitudinally oriented; apex shortly acuminate, delicately recurved to sub-uncinate; pulvinus 1-3 mm long. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 1-2 mm above pulvinus, inconspicuous. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles (3)4-6(9) mm long, glabrous; basal peduncular bracts caducous. Heads globular to obloid, bright mid-golden, 7 mm diam. when fresh (4-4.5 mm diam. when dry), 22-28-flowered; bracteoles fusiform, elliptic or oblanceolate, acute, ciliate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals Ml as long as petals, free to 1/2-united, linear-spathulate, glabrous except ciliolate at apex; petals free. Ovary glabrous to papillose or minutely appressed-puberulous. Pod and seeds not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: near Goomalling, R.S. Cowan A734 & B.R. Maslin (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); near Goomalling, R.S. & R.A. Cowan A87 1 (CANB, K, MEL, NY, PERTH, US); near Goomalling, G.F. Craig 1612(PERTH);nearCoorow,/4. Doley I (PERTH); nearGoomalling,Z?./?.MaA/m4 199 (PERTH); near Miling, B.R. Maslin 621 1 (BRI, NSW, PERTH). Distribution. A little-collected species, restricted to an area from near Marchagee (which is c. 65 km due north of Moora) south-east to the Mortlock River near Goomalling. Habitat. Grows in brown sand and clay-loam associated with saline situations in ± swampy areas with saltbush scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; pods not seen. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 445 Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific epithet is chosen with reference to the 3-nerved phyllodes, from trinalis, a Latin word for three. Typification. At both K and BM, material of the Drummond 2: 139, cited above, is mounted on the same sheet with type material of /4. benthamii Meisner. Bentham (1864) cited it incorrectly under A. cochlearis (Labill.) H.L. Wendl. Affinities. The new species is so similar in general appearance to A. heteroclita Meisner and A. triptycha F. Muell. ex Benth. that a key may assist the user to distinguish them: 1 New shoots glabrous, resinous; phyllodes 2-3 mm wide; branchlets resin-ribbed at extremities A. trinalis 1. New shoots sericeous (hairs golden, rarely white), not resinous; branchlets not resin-ribbed at extremities 2 Phyllodes 1-2 mm wide, flat to ± terete A. triptycha 2. Phyllodes normally 3-9 mm wide, flat A. heteroclita Acacia trinalis has often been mistaken for a disjunct variant of A. heteroclita, the nearest relative, which has sericeous new shoots (hairs golden, occasionally white), non-resinous branchlet apices and phyllode nerves, large, conspicuous phyllode glands, free spathulate sepals and partly united petals. Geographically, A. heteroclita is also well-separated, occurring from Kulin south to Fitzgerald River National Park and east of Espcrance. Acacia triptycha F. Muell. ex Benth., FI. Austral. 2: 337 (1 864). Type: KalganRiver, Western Australia, A.F. Oldfield (lecto: MEL, here selected; isolecto: K, PERTFl- fragments ex K and MEL; Termination Rock, Western Australia, G. Maxwell {paralecto: K. MEL, PERTH - fragment ex MEL). Bushy, spreading shrub to small tree 1-4 m tall and to 3 m across. New growth appressed- puberulous, hairs golden (ageing white). Branchlets subterete to terete, glabrous or very sparsely appressed-puberulous. Stipules caducous. Phyllodes flat to ± terete, linear, (30)70-100( 130) mm long, 1-2 mm wide, coriaceous to thinly so. ascending to erect, straight or more often shallowly incurved, glabrous except at tip, dark green; longitudinal nerves 3 per face when Bat, 8 in all when ± terete, distant, raised (at least when dry); apex arcuately long-acuminate, the tip sericeous at least at first, commonly glabrous with age; pulvinus distinct, c. 2 mm long, transversely wrinkled. Gland on upper edge of phyllode 1-11(15) mm above pulvinus. not prominent. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles (4)6-9(10) mm long, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous; basal peduncular bract cucullate, broadly ovate, glabrous except ciliate margins. Heads globular, pale to bright yellow, 4(6) mm diam., 26-40(70)- flowered; bracteoles spathulate, the blade rounded, ± geniculate at junction with stipe, cucullate, ciliate, the stipe slender. Flowe rs 5-memus-, jc/ja/jhalf or more as long as petals, free, linear- spathulate with a long, very slender stipe; petals 2/3-3/4-unitcd. Ova/y micro-puberulous or glabrous. Pod linear, slightly raised over seeds and straight-edged or shallowly constricted between seeds, 50-60 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, thinly crustaceous. straight, glabrous or sparingly appressed- puberulous. Seeds longitudinal, ellipsoid to obloid-ellipsoid, compressed, unilaterally constricted terminally, 2. 8-3. 3 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, glossy, mottled darker and lighter brown; pleurogram U-shaped; areole minute; aril subterminal, crested. 446 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: slope of Mt Ragged, T.E.H.Aplin433l (AD, BRI, CANB,K, PERTH); Ml Barker! hill), J.5. BeardnO \ (PERTH); 20 miles [32km] NEofWittenoom Hills, J.S. Beard 6384 (PERTH); opposite Kamballup Roadhouse, Soulh Stirling, R.J. Gumming 1002 (PERTH); Jacup Creek, Fitzgerald River, 12 Oct. 1935, C.A. Gardner s.n. (BM, PERTH 00686794); c. 15 km due SW of Scaddan, /l./s’. 253 1 (PERTH); c. 1 0 km from Ravensthorpe towards Lake King, B.R. Maslin3%13 (CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH); 35 kmSEofOngerup, N. Stevens KRN 9519-1 (MELU, PERTH); Ravensthorpe Range, c. 8 km N of Ravensthorpe, P.C. Wr/j'ow 7973 (MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs sporadically in southern Western Australia from MtFrankland east to Cape Arid National Park and near Ponier Rock. Many collections are from Cape Arid National Park, mostly from Mt Ragged. Habitat. Usually associated with granite or quartzite on granitic sand or reddish-brown clayey sand over quartz, in open scrub or heath on hills, thus the sporadic distribution. Phenology. Most flowering recorded from September to December; a few, however, collected in the April to June period suggest perhaps two flowering periods; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Typification. Although the lectotype at MEL is labelled ‘Oldfield 473’, this is the only specimen of the lectotype collection with a number. Moreover, the number does not appear elsewhere in literature or on the material seen by Bentham. Consequently we have omitted the number in citing the lectotype collection. The selection of the lectotype and its location are based on the journal article by Maiden (1920) in which he indicated (p. 176) that his conclusion is based on material of Oldfield from the Kalgan River along with the material of the other three collections which Ewart had sent him for study, only two of which he considered to be this species. Because lectotypification is not, at the moment, retroactive, we validate here what Maiden apparently intended and which is necessary in any case. The two Drummond collections cited as this species by Bentham (1864) were used by Maiden to typify A. subflexiiosa (see above). Affinities. Acacia triptycha is very closely related to A. heteroclita (see key under A. trinalis above) and further studies may show that these taxa are only infraspecifically distinct. Acacia triptycha and its allies are taxonomically close to the 'A. fragilis group’ (see Cowan & Maslin 1995: 237). Acacia trulliformis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex ad 3 m altus, 1-2 in latus, ramulis angulatis, antrorse puberulis, pilis aureis. Stipulae triangulares ad ovatae, crassac, glabrae, persistentes. Phyllodia clliptica ad oblongo-elliptica, obtusa, apiculata, pulvino 0.8-2 mm longo, glabro, lamina 15-45 mm longa, 8-16 mm lata, tenuiter coriacea, nervisprimariis 3 vcl 4, nervis secondariis irrcgulariter anastomosantibus. Racemorum axes 2-8 mm longi, puberuli atque ramuli, bicapitulati; pedunculi 8-15 mm longi, puberuli et rcsinosi, 1- vel 2-capitati, bracteis basalibus persistentibus, 1.5-2 mm longis, ovatis ad oblongo-ovatis, glabris, crassis. Capitula globularia vel breviter obloidea, atro-aurea, 5-6 mm diametro, 62-75-floribus, bracteolis trulliformibus, longo-acuminatis. Flores 5-meri. Sepala 1/2-3/4-connata, anguste oblonga, parce puberula. Petaladiscreta, anguste oblanceolata, glabra. Ovarium minute papillatum. Legumen anguste oblongum, 3-3.5 cm longum, 5-6 mm latum, coriaccum, rectum ad ± sigmoideo-curvatum. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 447 pilosum, resinosum, brunneuin, marginibus incrassatis. Semina longitudinalia, obloideo-ellipsoidea, 3.5- 4 mm longa, 2.5 mm lata, atro-brunnea, arillo subterminali, albo. Typus: south-east oi Ongerup [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 12 September 1974, K.R. Newbey 4360 (holo: PERTH 00697176). [Acacia ixiophylla auct. non Benth.; G. Bentham, FI. Austral. 2:.387 (1864), as to the G. Maxwell, collection.] Spreading, open j/iru/? l-3mtall, l-2macross. firanc/z/eA angled at extremities but ageing terete and ± finely ribbed, resinous, ± appressed-puberulous, the hairs antrorsely curved and golden (ageing white). Stipules triangular to ovate, acute, thick, glabrous, minutely verruculose by raised stomata, persistent. Phyllodes cWi'pixc to oblong-elliptic, slightly a.symmetric, 15-45 mm long, 8-16 mm wide, l:w c. 1.5-3, thinly coriztccous, ascending to erect, straight, resinous, appressed-puberulous (with antrorsely curved hairs) when young on margins and main nerves, the hairs golden but often ageing white, sometimes becoming glabrous, dull to glossy, darkish green, glabrous; with 3 or4 main, slightly raised, resinous longitudinal nerves per face, the secondary nerves anastomosing to form an open reticulum; apex obtuse-mucronatc; piilvinus 0.8-2 mm long. Gland on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of pulvinus or to 1 mm above it. inflorescence a ( 1 )2-headed raceme; raceme axes 2-8 mm long, resinous, sparsely to densely golden appressed-puberulous, growing out; peduncles 8-15 mm (to 20 mm in fruit) long, resinous, indumentum as on raceme axes; basal peduncular bracts persistent, 1 .5- 2 mm long, ovate to oblong-ovate, acute, glabrous, thick, minutely verruculose by raised stomata; heads globular to obloid, golden, 5 -6 mm diam., 62-75-flowered; buds resinous; bracteoles spathulate, the stipe sparingly puberulous, slender, the blade trullate, acuminate, often strongly uninerved, somewhat puberulous basally, minutely ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/2-2/3 petal length, 1/2-3/4-united, narrowly oblong, apex rounded-obtuse, sparingly puberulous; petals free, narrowly oblanceolale, glabrous. Ovary minutely papillate. Pods narrowly oblong, raised over but not constricted between seeds. 3-3.5 cm long, 5-6 mm wide, coriaceous to thinly coriaceous, straight to sigmoidally curved, shortly pilose with glistening white hairs, resinous, brown, the margins thickened. longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, unilaterally constricted terminally, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 1.2 mm thick, semi-glossy, dark-brown; pleurogram U-shaped; areole 1/3-1/2 as long as seed; aril subterminal, white. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: SE of Ongerup [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons], K, Newbey 1628D (PERTFI); K. Newbey 3254 (PERTH); K. Newbey 1 1825 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); D. Papenfiis DP 500 & E. Hickman (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 686 & L. Strahan (PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to an area south-east of Ongerup with an early collection from ‘Gordon Range’ (which is probably near Gordon Inlet at the south-east corner of the Fitzgerald River National Park, about 90 km south-east of Ongerup). There are several mountains in that area (WestMt Barren, Mt Bland and, farther inland, Mt Maxwell) which might have been the basis for the collecting locality given. Habitat. Grows on loamy sand creek Hats in Eucalyptus occidentalis woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in December and January. 448 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The specific name is given in allusion to the shape of the bracteoles which are trowel- shaped, from the Latin fru/Za, the diminutive of frMa (a skimmer or stirring spoon), and the suffix-/or/nA (having the form of). Affinities. Acacia trulliformis is a member of the A. flavipila group (see Cowan & Maslin 1990 and Maslin in press) and seems closest to A. loxophylla Benth. which is most readily distinguished by its smaller phyllodes (3-8 mm long, 2-5 mm wide) with resin masses in their axils, shorter peduncles (2-3 mm long) and fewer-flowered heads (20-40-flowered). There is also a relationship, less closely, with another member of the A. flavipila group - A. cassicula R.S. Cowan & Maslin - which has two main nerves on each phyllode face and a much more regular, impressed reticulum; it also has glabrous, shorter peduncles (3-5 mm long in flower, to 10 mm when in fruit), smaller, fewer-flowered heads (22-30-flowered) and glabrous, narrower pods (3-4 mm wide). Discussion. This is the plant that Bentham labelled "Acacia ixiophylla Benth. var. latifolia’ on a sheet at Kew but never formally published. The specimen was collected by G. Maxwell in the ‘Gordon Range’ and was cited by Bentham (1864) under A. ixiophylla. Acacia vittata R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex densus, rotundatus, multicaulis, 1^ m altus, 1-3 m latus. Cortex levis, manifeste lenticellatus, brunneolo-cinereus. Ramuli teretes, longitudinale vittati, lemniscis alternatim glabris et non-resinosis vel puberulis et resinosis, pilis antrorse curvatis. Phy llodia anguste elliptica ad anguste oblongo-elliptica, leviter inaequilateralia, acuta ad obtusa et excentrice apiculata, 3-5.5 cm longa, 3-7 mm lata, ratione horum 7.5- 1 0.5 , subrigide coriacea, leviter recurva, glabra vel nervis pilis antrorse curvatis, cinereo-viridia, nervis numerosis, leviter elevatis, aliquando anastomosantibus, resinosis, glandebasali, inconspicua. Racemorumaxisnullusvelad 1 mmlongus, bicapitatus, inresinainclusus; pedunculi 4-6 mm longi, appresso-puberuli, pedunculorum bracteae basales persistens, ovatae, acutae,c. 1 mmlongae. Capitulaglobularia, medio-aurea, 4.5 mm diametro, 29-31 -floribus,bracteolis peltatis, lamina rotundata, minute viscido-puberula. Flores pentameri. Sepala longitudine 2/3 petal! partes aequantia, 1/2-2/3-connata, oblonga, parce puberula, lobis obtusis ad rotundato-obtusis, viscido-ciUolatis. Petala elliptica ad oblanceolata, acuta, discreta, glabra. Ovarium appresso- puberulum. Legumen lineare, 1-3 cm longum et 4-5 mm latum, coriaceum, undulatum ad plicatum, subtiliter reticulatum, ± resinosum, villosum, lateribus villosis minoribus et interdum pilis a resina obscuris, diluto-brunneum. Semina longitudinalia, lato ellipsoidea ad obloideo-ellipsoidea, 3-4 mm longa, 2-2.5 mm lata, c. 1.5 mm crassitie, subnitida, atro-brunnea vel brunneo-nigra, pleurogramma U-formati, arillo cremeo, subterminaii. Typus: nearEneabba [precise locality withheld forconservation reasons]. Western Australia, 25 August 1988, B.R. Maslin 6269 (tiolo: PERTH 00879940; iso: CANB). Multi-stemmed, dense, rounded s'/zrw/? 1-4 m tall, 1-3 m wide. 6ar/:smooth,lenticellular,brownish grey. New shoots pale green, resinous. Branchlets terete, resinous, longitudinally striped with glabrous, light green or yellowish epidermis and brownish, ± appressed-puberulous bands (the hairs antrorsely curved). Stipules minute, triangular, persistent. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong-elliptic, slightly inequilateral (the adaxial margin more rounded than the abaxial one), 3-5.5 cm long, 3-7 mm wide, l:w = 7.5-10.5, coriaceous, ascending to erect, straight or shallowly incurved or shallowly recurved, glabrous or with scattered, antrorsely curved hairlets on nerves and R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 17 449 margins, grey-green; longitudinal nerves numerous (8-12 on each face), impressed or slightly raised, resinous, the intcr-nerve distance much wider than nerve diameter, anastomoses between nerves absent or few; apex acute to obtuse and apiculate; pulvinus to 0.5 mm long. Gland basal, inconspicuous. Inflorescences simple (2 or 3 per axil) or sometimes a few in very short, 2-headed racemes, the axis 0.5-1 mm long; peduncles 4-6 mm long, densely appressed-pubcrulous, resinous; basal peduncular bract persistent, ovate, acute, c. I mm long. Heads globular to slightly obloid, medium-golden, 4.5 mm diam. (8 mm fresh), 29-3 1 -Howered; /7raf?eo/f.? peltate, the blade rounded, viscid-puberulous. Flowers 5-merou.s: sepals 2/3 us long as petals, 1/2-2/3-united, oblong, sparingly puberulous, lobes obtuse to rounded-obtuse, viscid-ciliolate; petals elliptic to oblanceolate, acute, free, glabrous. Ovary appressed-puberulous. Pod prominently undulate, not constricted between seeds, 1-3 cm long (unexpanded length), 4-5 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, finely reticulate, resinous, villous, light brown. Seeds longitudinal, widely ell ipsoid to obloid-el lipsoid, 3-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, c. 1 .5 mm thick, somewhat shiny, dark brown to brown-black; pleurogrum U-shaped; ureole c. Ml as long as seed, slightly raised; aril creamy while, sub-terminal. Selected specimens examined . WESTERN AUSTRALIA, nearEneabba [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]; A.R. Chapman 615 (K, NY, PERTH); B.R. Maslin 6409 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 5. Patrick SP 1 1 93 cY A. Brown (BRI, NSW, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, occasional to common in arestricted area near Encabba. Habitat. Grows in sand and slightly saline clay-loam on margins of seasonal lakes, in low open forest and low woodland ai' Eucalyptus camaldidensis, Casuarina ohesa and Melaleuca sp. Phenology. Flowering recorded in July and August; mature pods collected in November, December and February. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specific name alludes to the distinctive striping of the branchlets, from vittatus, Latin for striped. Affinities. Acacia vittata is part of the A. flavipila group (Cowan & Maslin 1990, Maslin in press), perhaps with affinities to A. verricula R.S. Cowan & Maslin which has clearly reticulate phyllodes, free sepals and curved to loosely undulate pods, and non-striped branchlets. Acacia recun’ata (see above) resembles A. vittata in its phyllode and inHorescence characters but is distinguished by its non-striped branchlets and linear, non-undulate, glabrous pods. Furthermore, the phyllodes on A. recurvata tend to be more commonly recurved and more inaequilateral than those of A. vittata. Acacia wilsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex elTusus. ().2-(),3 m altus, 0.3 m latus. Ramuli initio Icviter angulati, ± pilosi et pilis minutis resinosis nigris ornatis, demum teretes et glabri. Stipulae rigidae, anguste triangulari-lanceolatae, caudato-acuminatae. 1.5-3 mm longae, persistentes. Phyllodia sessilia, cum ramulis continua, teretia vel subterelia, innocua. ad apicem acuta et ± curvata ad uncinata, lamina 6.5-22.5 cm longa, 1-1.5 mm diam., coriacca ad suhngRia, ascendens ad erecta, gradatim ± curvata, glabra, nervis 8 valde elevatis, glande destituta. Alabastra late ellipsoidea, bracteolis conspicue exsertis; pedunculi 4-10 mm longi. 450 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) ad 14 mm in fructu, solitarii vel raro binati, villosi et cum pilis minutis resinosis; pedunculorum bracteae basales, persistentes, lanceolatae, caudato-acuminatae, 2.5 mm longae, ciliolatae; capitulaglobularia, 24-37-noribus. Flores 5-meri; sepala longitudine I/2-3/4 petali partes aequantia, 1/2-3/4-connata; petala 1/2-connata, elliptica, glabra. Legumen lincarc, subteres, inter semina non constrictum, 3-5.5 cm longum, 3-3.5 mm latum, tenuitercrustaceum, levitercurvatum, pilis minutis nigris resinosis, marginibus lads pallidioribus. Semina longitudinalia, obloidea, 2-3 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata et crassa, hebetato-brunnea, tuberculata, areola levi et pallidiore, pleurogramma fere semicircular!, arillo terminal!, luteo. Typus: 10 km north of Badgingarra, Western Australia, 2 November 1965, P.G. Wilson 3850 {holo: PERTH 00723754; iso: K, PERTH 01 160060). Prostrate shrub, normally 0.2-0. 3 m tall, to c. 0.3 m wide, the branches spreading horizontally. Branchlets at first slightly angled, densely villous to pubescent with minute black resin hairs intermixed, soon terete and glabrous except resin hairs sometimes persistent. Stipules triangular, acuminate, 1.5-3 mm long, persistent. Phyllodes sessile, continuous on branchlets and not easily detached from them, terete to subterete, 6.5-22.5 cm long, 1-1 .5 mm diam., coriaceous to semi-rigid, ascending to erect, shallowly incurved to shallowly sigmoid or sinuous, glabrous, green (ageing yellow-green), stomata evident at xlO mag.; apex acute, commonly slightly curved to uncinate, innocuous; longitudinal nerves 8, strongly raised when dry (nerves separated by well-defined, longitudinal furrows). G/ant/ absent. Inflorescences aimple, 1 or2 per axil;pet/M/!c/e^ 4-1 0 mm long, sometimes to 14 mm long in fruit, densely villous and with minute resin hairs intermixed; basal peduncular bract lanceolate, 2.5 mm long, persistent. Heads globular, golden, 8 mm diam., densely 24-37-flowered; hracteoles ex.sertcd in young bud. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/2-3/4 as long as petals, narrowly elliptic, 1/2-3/4 -united, ciliolate; petals 1/2-united, elliptic, glabrous. Pods linear, subterete, not constricted between seeds, 3-5.5 cm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, thinly crustaceous, slightly curved, dotted with minute, black resin hairs, greenish grey with yellowish, non-thickened margins. Seeds longitudinal, obloid, 2-3 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, 1.5 mm thick, dull, brown, tuberculate, tubercles irregular in form, the arcole area smooth, paler, sometimes raised; pleurogram U-shaped to nearly semicircular; aril terminal, yellow, scalloped. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Alexander Morrison National Park, J. Coleby -Williams 352 (PERTH); corner of Rose Thompson Rd and Eneabba-Carnamah road, J.A. Cochrane JAC 20 1 9 (PERTH); c. 1 2 km E of Eneabba, E.A. Griffin 8143 (PERTH); E of Eneabba, M. Simmons 5 1 0 (PERTH). Distribution. A rare but very distinctive species restricted to between Eneabba and Badgingarra, south- west Western Australia. Habitat. Grows in white or grey sand in heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from September to November; mature pods also collected from September to October with both flower buds and mature pods present on most specimens. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The new species is named for Paul G. Wilson, collector of the type material but, more importantly, our respected colleague at PERTH who, for more than 30 years, has given us and many R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin. Acacia miscellany 17 451 others the benefit of his vast knowledge of plant systematics, of Latin and of the “International Code of Botanical Nomenclature”. We welcome this opportunity to express our gratitude by naming this very interesting wattle in his honour. Affinities. Close relatives of this distinctive new species are not readily apparent, but its pod characters suggest some alfinities to A. ridleyana W, Fitzg. which occurs within the geographic range of A. wilsonii. Acacia ridleyana is readily recognized by its pulvinate, flat, much shorter phyllodes which have a clear articulation between the pulvinus and the branchlet. Discussion. In this part of the genus, the occurrence of phyllodes that are epulvinate and continuous on the branchlets is rare. Among the plurinerved species, A. campylophylla Benth. and A. chapmanii R.S. Cowan & Maslin ( 1999) have such phyllodes hut they are much shorter than those of A. wilsonii, their petals and sepals are free and their pods are vey different. Acknowledgements Alex George is thanked for checking the Latin diagnoses and for editorial assistance. We are grateful to Terena Lally, Suzanne Curry and Diana Corbyn who provided valuable assistance during the preparation of the manuscript. Support for them and for the project generally was given by the Australian Biological Resources Study, to whom we are indebted. References Bentham. G. (1842). Notes on Miiiioscae, with a Synopsis of Species. London Journal of Botany 1: 318-528. Bentham, G. (1864). “Flora Aiistralien.sis.” Vol. 2. (Lovell Reeve: London.) Court, A.B., Cowan, R.S. & Ma.slin, B.R. (1604). Mueller’s “The Plants Indigenous to the Colony of Victoria” - Is volume 2 effectively published? Niiyt.sia 9: .315-.? 18. Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. (1990). Acacia inisccllany 1. Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Legumino.sae: Mimosoideae: Section Blurinervcs) frotu Western Australia, Nuytsia 1: 183-199. Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. (1993). Acacia miscellany 7. Acacia sulcata and related taxa (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Western Australia. Nuytsia 9: 69-78. Cowan, R.S. & Maslin. B.R, (199.5). Acacia miscellany 15. Five groups of microneurous species of Acacia, mostly from Western Au.slralia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: section Phirinerves). Nuytsia 10: 20.5-254. Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. (1999). Acacia miscellany 18. The taxonomy of miscellaneous species with sharply pungent phyllodes in Acacia section Phirinerves (Legutninosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12: 453-^67. Greuter, W. et al. (1994). “International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo Code),” (Koeltz Scientific Books: Konigstein, Germany.) Maiden, .I.H. (1920). Notes on Acacia. No. IV, (with descriptions of new species). Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Nevv South Wales 5.3: 171-238, pis X-XVIl. Maslin, B.R, (1981 ). Acacia. /».- .lessop, .1. (ed.) “Flora of Central Australia.” pp. 115-142. (A. H. & A.W. Reed: Sydney.) Maslin. B.R. (in press). Acacia. In: "Flora of Australia.” Vol. II. (Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, and CSIRO Australia, Collingwood.) Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994a). What type of type'.' Australian Systematic Botany Society Newsletter 81: 2-7. Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S, (I994h), C.F. Meissner’s species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 399-414. Maslin, B.R. & Flopper, S.D. (1982). Phytogcography of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Central Australia, pp. 301-316. In: Barker, W.R. & Orcensladc, P..I.M. (eds) “Hvolution of the Flora and Fauna of Arid Australia.” (Peacock Publications: Adelaide.) 452 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Pedley, L. (1978). A revision of Acacia Mill, in Queensland, Austrobaileya 1: 75-234. Pedley, L. (1986). Acacia maconochieana (Mimosaceae), a new species from semi-arid Australia. Austrobaileya 2: 235-237. Randell, B.R. (1992). Mulga, a revision of the major species. Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 14: 105-132. Nuytsia 12(3):453-467(1999) 453 Acacia miscellany 18. The taxonomy of miscellaneous species with sharply pungent phyllodes in Acacia section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) R.S. Cowan' and B.R. Maslin' 'Deceased 17 November 1997 'Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Cowan, R.S. and Maslin, B.R. Acacia miscellany 18. The taxonomy of miscellaneous species with sharply pungent phyllodes in Acacia section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12 (3): 453-467 (1999). Several new taxa are proposed in this paper: A. cavealis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. chapmanii R.S. Cowan & Maslin with two subspecies (sub.sp. chapmanii and subsp. australis R.S. Cowan & Maslin), A. donaldsunii R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. formidabilis C.A. Gardner ex R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. /cm'/tc.v subsp. licina R.S. Cowan & Maslin and A. 377£'c^(7 R.S. Cowan & Maslin. Acacia havilandianim Maiden and A. nyssophylla F. Muell. are lectotypified and the typification of A. colletioides Bcnth. is discussed. Notes on A. latipes Benth. and its very close relative, A. cochlearis (Labill.) H. Wendf, arc presented along with a key to these two species and another closely related species-pair, A. adnata F. Muell. and A. comuns W. Fitzg. These four species comprise the informal ‘A. latipes group’ . Introduction This paper continues the series of contributions to publish notes on various matters that have arisen in the course of our preparation of the account of Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for the “Flora of Australia”. Here we describe as new seven miscellaneous taxa with sharply pungent phyllodes of the section Plurinen’es (Benth.) C. Moore & Bctche from southern and central Western Australia. The typification of several names of southern Australian taxa is discussed and two arc newly lectotypified. .Methods Most measurements are from dried herbarium specimens which are also the prime source of data on habitat, distribution and phenology, as well as bark morphology and Bower colour. Head diameter is measured, as indicated in the descriptions, from either fresh or dried material; it includes the stamens. As we use the term ‘pungent’ it refers to a phyllodc apex that is drawn-out into a hard, spine-like tip; 454 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) ‘sharply pungenl’ refers lo one thal readily pierces the skin when touched and ‘coarsely pungent’ to one that is less sharp. Our approach to typification is discussed elsewhere (Maslin& Cowan 1994b). The taxa are arranged in alphabetical order. Taxonomy Acacia cavealis R.S. Cowan & Maslin. sp. nov. Frutex humilis, ± viscidus. 0.3-().7( I ) m alius, 0.5-1 .3 m expansus. Cortex cinereus, levis praeter basini exasperates. Ramuli arachnoideo-lomentulosi sed pubibus implicitis. Stipulae persistentes, anguste triangulares ad subulatae, 0.75-2.2 mm longae. Phyllodia linearia, plana ad subteretia, abrupte obtusa et mucronato-pungentia, 10-35 mm longa, 1-1.8 mm lata, ratione horum 14-23, subrigida, patentia ad ascendentia praeter aliquando ± reclinala, inter nervos initio arachnoideo-tomentulosa sed ± glabrescentia, nervis principalibus 8 parallelis valde elevatis, glande inconspicua, 1 .5-2.5 mm super basem. Fedunculi 7-12 mm longi, 2 in quoque axilla, glabri vel sparse minuto puberuli. Capitula globularia, aurea, 3.5-5 mm diam.. Iloribus (9)12-18. Flores pentameri. Sepala longitudine 1/3-2/3 petal! partes aequantia, discrcta, spathulata ad spathulato-lincaria, ciliata. Petala I/2-3/4- connata, glabra, Legumen lineare, biconvexum sed non constrictum, 10-45 mm longum, 3-3.5 mm latum, lignosum, arcuatum, minute puberulurn vel glabrum, secus suturasresinosum, cinereo-brunneum, Semina longitudinalia, late cilipsoidca, 2.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata, maculata, arillo subterminali, galeato. Typus: Arrowsmith Lake, Western Australia, 9 December 1974, A.S. George 12933 {holo: PERTH 00197734; iso: CANS). Sprawling, prostrate or low-domed shrub 0.3-0.7(l) m tall, 0.4- 1.3 m across, sparingly branched at ground level. Bark light grey, smooth except roughened at base of stems. Branchlets terete, very obscurely ribbed, straight, arachnoid-tomentulose with the hairs embedded in resin and thus superficially appearing glabrous. Stipules narrowly triangular to subulate, 0.75-2,2 mm long, straight, acuminate, persistent. Phyllodes solitary or clustered in groups of 2 or 3(4), linear, Oat to almost terete, 10-35 mm long, 1—1.8 mm wide, l:w 14-23, slender, rigid to subrigid, patent to ascending, some somewhat reclined, straight or rarely shallowly incurved, arachnoid-tomentulose between nerves at first but hairs obscured by resin, becoming glabrous (or apparently so) with age, green or sometimes grey-green; longitudinal nerves 8, not overly prominent, 3 per face when phyllode is Hat; abruptly narrowed to a short, rigid, slender, pungent point; pulvinus 0.3-1 mm long, yellow to light orange but ageing brown. Gland inconspicuous, on upper margin of phyllode 1 ,5-2.5 mm above pulvinus, widely elliptic or circular with the rim raised. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles 7—12 mm long, glabrous; basal peduncular bracts similar to stipules but slightly smaller. Heads globular, pale yellow to light golden, 3.5-5 mm diam., (9)1 2 1 8-llowcred; bracteoles ± fusiform, ciliate. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/3-2/3 as long as petals, free, spathulaie to narrowly spathulatc, ciliate; petals widely elliptic, 1/2-3/4-united, glabrous, usually distinctly uninerved. Ovary villous, appressed-puberulous or glabrous. Pods linear, biconvex, not constricted between seeds, 10-45 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, coriaceous to subwoody, shallowly to moderately curved, very finely longitudinally nerved, minutely puberulous or glabrous, resinous, red-brown to dark brown, the marginal nerves thick, paler, the valves often persisting on plants into next season. Seeds longitudinal, widely ellipsoid, 2.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, 1.5-2. 5 mm thick, dull, mottled brown on pale brownish grey; pleurogram U-shaped; areole small, c. 1/5 as long as seed, strongly raised; aril clavate, (?)whitc or cream. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 455 Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Watheroo, L. /J/efe 2129 (PERTH); 16km S of Carnamah on Eneabba No. I Road, S.J. Forbes Mil (MEL, PERTH); 23 miles [36.8 km] N of Mingencw, A.5. George 9212 (PERTH); Reserve 29073, 5 km N of Lake Indoon, W of Eneabba, E.A. Griffin2^52&MJ. Blackwell (K. PERTH); MudgeRd,Nof LauncrRd, W of Coorow, E.A. Griffin 8176 (PERTH); 8 miles [12.8 km] W of Mullewa towards Geraldton, B.R. Maslin 69 (PERTH); Brand Hwy, 39.5 km S ol intersection with The Midlands Rd (between Eneabba and Dongara), B.R. Maslin 5157 (CANB, NY, PERTH); 2 km Irom Ajana-Kalbarri road on track to Hawks Head Lookout, Murchison River, B.R. Maslin 5159 (PERTH); Indarra Springs reserve, SW of Mullewa, B.R. Maslin 7039 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from the Emu Proof Eence (north of the lower Murchison River) south to Watheroo. Habitat. Grows in sand in heath, shrubland, low open woodland in sand or on lower slopes of sand ridges, especially with Banksia prionotes or scattered Eucalyptus todtiana. Phenology. Flowering recorded from October to February and April to June; mature pods eollectcd from September to December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The seeds of A. cavealis are borne in discrete, elliptic-oblong chambers in the pods and it is this characteristic that gives the species its name, an adjectival form of cavus, Latin for hollow or hole, with the meaning ‘kept in a cave or cellar’. Affinities. The new species appears to be related most closely to Acacia ridleyana W. Fitzg. which differs most obviously in its broader (2-3.5 mm wide), normally shallowly sigmoid and hirsutellous to pubescent phyllodes (occasional glabrous or straight-phyllode variants occur in A. ridleyana). It also superficially resembles A. auronitens Lindl. and A. quadrisulcata F. Muell. The first of these has phyllodes 4-ncrved in all ( 1 -nerved per face when Hat), frequently spinose stipules and crustaceous to woody pods with transverse seeds. The quadrangular, 4-nerved phyllodes and longitudinal to transversely oriented seeds of A. quadrisulcata readily separate this species from A. cavealis. Notes. The indumentum of the branchlets especially is not at once obvious because it is covered and obscured by a layer of a water-imbibing resin. If a branchlet is soaked in water, the resin swells into a slimy, gelatinous coating so that the stem appears several times its true diameter; much the same sort of reaction occurs on the phyllodes but less obviously so. We have no explanation for the condition and cannot even advance an hypothesis to explain the purpose of such an evolutionary innovation. Acacia chaprnaiiii R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. iiav. Frutex compactus, 0.5-2 m alius. Ramuli teretes. glabri, saepe pruinosi. Slipulac indurato-spinosae vel tenues et subulutae, 0.8-3 mm longae. Phyllodia subulata, sessilia, saepe continua, pungentia, (17)20-30(48 ) mm longa, 0.7- 1 mm diam., rigida, glabra, saepe pruinosa, nervis 8, elevatis, distantibus. Pedunculi .solitarii, plerumque 10-15 mm longi, filiformes, glabri; bracteae basales2, semicirculares, cucullatae, c. 1 .5 mm longae, glabrae, aliquando pruinosae. Capitula globosa, aurea, 4-5 mm diam., floribus 14-27. Flores 5-mcri. Scpala discreta, spathulata vel anguste spathulata, ± puberula. Petala discreta, glabra. Legumen (subsp. cluipiiumii) lineare. torsivum, 20-40 mm longum, 2.5-3 mm latum. 456 Nuylsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) aliquando pruinosiim. Semina longitudinalia, late ellipsoidea, 2.5-3 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, nitida, maculosa. Typus: near Three Springs [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 1 September 1976, B./?. MasUnAlll (/lo/o.- PERTH 00197238; wo.- BRI, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY). Harsh, dense, intricately branched shrub 0.5-2 m tall, 1-3 m wide, compact and ± rounded in open, exposed sites, somewhat spindly in dense scrub, few-many-branched at ground level. Bark grey, fibrous and fissured on main stems, smooth on branches. Branchlets terete, glabrous, often lightly pruinose at ribbed tips. New shoots purple-red and pruinose. Stipules rigid and spinose or thin and subulate, 0.8-3 mm long, straight, glabrous, pungent or not, persistent. Phyllodes acicular, normally continuous with branchlets but not forming eauline wings, sessile, terete to Hat, (17)20-30(50) mm long, 0.7-1 mm diam., rigid, patent to strongly retlexed or ascending, straight or shallowly recurved, glabrous, green to subglaucous (conspicuously glaucous when young); longitudinal nerves 8, 3 per face when Hat, prominent, raised (at least when dry), narrow and with a distant inter-space between each nerve; apex narrowed to a straight, rigid, sharply pungent brown point; pulvinus ab.sent. Gland not prominent, on upper surface of phyllodc either near base or around middle and located below junction of 2 adaxial nerves, sometimes absent. Inflorescence simple, 1 per axil; peduncles (8)10-15(20) mm long, glabrous; basal bracts 2, persistent, semicircular, cucullate, c. 1.5 mm long, glabrous, dark, sometimes pruinose, one larger bract subtending peduncle, the other smaller one subtending a vegetative bud. Heads globular, prolific, bright light golden, 4-5 mm diam. (dry), 14-27-flowered; bracteoles spathulale, acute or obtuse, about same size and shape as sepals or much broader, exserted or not in mature buds. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1/2 length of petals, free, spathulate or narrowly spathulate, ± puberulous; petals narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, free, glabrous. Ovary glabrous. Pods (typical subspecies only) narrowly oblong to linear, rounded over seeds but not or scarcely constricted between, 20-40 mm long. 2.5-3 mm wide, strongly curved to openly once-coiled, glabrous, brown (purplish when very young), lightly pruino.se. firmly chartaceous. Seeds longitudinal, widely ellipsoid, 2.5-3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, shiny, mottled dark brown and yellowish brown; areole minute; funicle filiform and short, the thickened aril ± clavale, not folded, extending 1/2-2/3 down one side of seed. Etymology. The species is named for Charles Chapman (1904-1988), a farmer who lived near Winchester, Western Australia, and became interested in the local flora, especially those he did not recognize. He collected extensively in the Coorow area and across to Green Head and made the first collections of this and other new species. Affinities. Acacia chapmanii is allied most closely to A. campylophylla Bcnth. which is distinguished by its generally shorter ( 10-20 mm long), strongly recurved phyllodes and by its straight, broader pods (4-7.5 mm wide) containing transverse seeds (but note that mature pods are unknown for A. chapmanii subsp. australis.) Acacia campylophylla has a scattered distribution from Bolgart (within the range of A. chapmanii subsp. australis) and Wyalkalchem south to near Corrigin. Acacia chapmanii has a superficial resemblance to A. subsessilis A.R. Chapman & Maslin (Chapman & Maslin 1999) and A. wilsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin (Cowan & Maslin 1999). Subspecies. There are two geographically disjunct subspecies - subsp. chapmanii and subsp. australis. It is possible that future studies may show that these suhspecies would be better treated as distinct species, but because pods are not known for the latter an informed decision on this matter cannot be made now. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 457 Key to subspecies of Acacia chapmanii Phyllodes terete, patent to retlexed, straight; stipules spinose (Marchagee to Three Springs) subsp. chapmanii Phyllodes subterete to Hat, ascending, shallowly recurved; stipules not spinose (Calingiri to Bolgart) subsp. australis Acacia chapmanii R.S. Cowan & Maslin subsp. chapmauii Stipules 1.5-3 mm long, rigid and spinose. Phyllodes terete, straight, patent to reflexed. Gland 0.5-3 mm above phyllode base, commonly absent. Heads 14-19-flowered; bracteoles insignificant, the small lamina about same width as the sepals. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: near Three Springs, 17 June 1977, C. Chapmans. n. (CANB, PERTH 00 1 9731 9), W of Three Springs, B.R. Maslin 3062 (CANB, MEL, PERTH); near Marchagee, B.R. Maslin 5305 (K, PERTH); SW of Three Springs, B.R. Maslin 6413 (PERTH); Marchagee Track, D. Papenfus DP 539 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from near Three Springs south to near Marchagee. Habitat. Grows in laterite or gravel over clay-loam or yellow sand, sometimes on saline flats, in scrub or heath with Banksiu, Allocasiiarina, Xylomelum and Verticordia. Phenology. Flowers in September-October; mature pods collected in late November and December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Acacia chapmanii subsp. australis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, subsp. nov. Ab Acacia subsp. chapmanii phyllodiis ascendentibus, leviter recurvatis, glande 4-9 mm supra basin inserta; stipulis c. I mm longis suhulatis sed not rigidis; pedunculis 12-19 mm longis; capitulis 5 mm diam., floribus 24-27; bracteolis quam sepalis latioribus, ad 0.75 mm latis, laminis acutis in alabastro ± exsertis, differt. Typus: near Bolgart [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 15 September 1972, H. Demarz. D.3920 (holo: PERTH 00197289; iso: CANB, K). Stipules c. I mm long, not at all rigid, subulate. Phyllodes subterete to flat, ascending, shallowly recurved; gland 4-9 mm above base. Peduncles l2-l9mmlong. /JeatA 5 mm diam., 24-27-flowered; bracteoles evident in mature buds, the comparatively large lamina much broader than the sepals, to 0.75 mm wide. Mature pods and seeds not seen. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all near Bolgart [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: R.J. Cranfield 8364 & P. Spencer (PERTH); P. Hu.ssey 6 (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 1 1 9 (PERTH); S. Puust 1 005 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia near Bolgart. 458 Nuylsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in brown, grey or white sand or gravel in winter-wet low heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded in August and September; mature pods not collected, but specimens with immature pods have been collected in October and November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The subspecific name australis (southern) refers to the more southerly distribution of this taxon relative to the typical subspecies. Ajfinities. Subsp. australis has a superficial resemblance to the more southerly distributed A. acellerata Maiden & Blakely which occurs between Cranbrook and Ravensthorpe and is most readily distinguished by its 16-nerved phyllodes that are not continuous with the branchlets, paired peduncles and undulate pods. Acacia colletioidesBenth., London y. Bot. 1:336(1842). Type: Harrington plains, New South Wales, [June 1817], A. Cunningham [405/1817] (holo: K; iso: BM, K). Acacia nyssophylla F. Muell., not as to lectotype, as to Lake Gairdner, South Australia, B.H. Babbage (paralecto: MEL, PERTH - fragment ex MEL). Typification. At the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, there are two sheets with type material of the name A. colletioides. One bears a single branchlet and a label in neither Bentham’s nor Cunningham’s hand, giving the type locality, June 1 817 as the collection date, and 405 as Cunningham’s collection number. The other sheet bears three branchlets: one (upper left) has a field label ‘405/1817’; the second (lower left) has no label and may be a second piece of the one above; the third is separated by a pencil line and has a field label in Cunningham’s hand but with neither date nor collection number. In December 1966, A.B. Court studied these materials and labelled the third specimen (just cited) as the holotype and all the others on both sheets as isotypes. We accept his determination. Acacia donaldsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor 1 .5-5 m alta. Ramuli teretes, dense puberuli, demum resinosi. Stipulae persistentes, anguste triangulares, c. 0.5 mm longae. Phyllodia teretia, pungentia, pul vino indistincto, versus basem expanso, 1-2 mm longo, dense puberulo et albo-resmoso, lamina 6-14.5 cm longa, 1 .5-2.5 mm diam., rigida, ascendenti ad erecta, parce appresso-puberula sed glabrescenti, nervis 4-8, ± distinctis, immersis vel leviter elevatis; glandulae 2, minutae. Pedunculi 5-7 mm longi, in quoque axilla vulgo binati, appresso-puberuli. Capitula globularia, aurea, 4-5 mm diam., floribus 30-56, bracteolis spathulatis. Flores 5-meri. Scpalapctalisdimidiobreviora,2/3-3/4-connata,±puberula. Petalaglabra. Ovarium dense albo-puberulum. Legumencompresso-moniliforme vel anguste oblongum,biconvexum, 7.5-14 cm longum, 7-10 mm latum, rigido-coriaceum, arcuatum. Semina longitudinalia, ellipsoidea ad obloideo-ellipsoidea, 6.5-9 mm longa, 4. 5-5. 5 mm lata, hebetato-brunnea, distincte alveolata, pleurogramma 4-5 mm longa, impressa, arillo carnoso, terminali. Typus: 3 km north-east of No. I Well, Weebo Station, Western Australia, 9 June 1988, R.J. Cranfield 6938 {holo: PERTH 01060635; iso: CANB, K, NY). R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 459 Bushy or compact shrub to ± gnarled tree 1 .5-3(5) m tall, 1-4 m across, with several trunks to 10 cm diam. Bark smooth or ± tessellated, grey. Branchlets terete, very obscurely ribbed, densely minutely puberulous at first, resinous (but not viscid), scarred by raised projections where phyllodes have fallen. Sr/pu/ei narrowly triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, persistent. P/jy/Zodej terete, 6- 14.5 cm long, 1.5-2. 5 mm diam., rigid, ascending to erect, straight to gently incurved, sparingly appressed- puberulous at first, glabrcscent except pulvinus, the surface often microscopically pitted, light green; apex tapered to a straight, rigid, dark, pungent tip; pulvinus indistinct, expanded towards base, 1-2 mm long, densely puberulous, white-resinous; longitudinal nerves 4-8, rather obscure, immersed to very slightly raised with distinct inter-nerve spaces between. Glands 2 on upper surface of phyllode, minute, the lower 1-14 mm above phyllode base, the upper 4^0 mm below apex. Inflorescences simple, 2 or more per node; peduncles 5-15 mm long, appressed-puberulous; basal bracts broadly ovate, appressed-puberulous. Heads globular, golden, 4-5 mm diam., 30-56-flowered; bracteoles spathulate, somewhat puberulous, the widely elliptic lamina ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous, rarely 6- or 7-merous; sepals 1/2 petal length, 2/3-3/4-united, puberulous, obtuse to acute, ciliolate; petals free, glabrous. Ovary den.sely white-puberulous. Pods moniliform to linear, slightly to prominently raised over seeds and scarcely to markedly constricted between, 7.5-25 cm long, 6-10 mm wide, coriaceous, the crustaceous exocarp fragmenting and falling away after dehiscence, curved, the valves twisted after dehiscence, glabrous, dark brown to red-brown, ageing blackish. Seeds longitudinal, ellipsoid to obloid-ellipsoid, 6.5-9 mm long, 4. 5-5. 5 mm wide, 2.5-3 mm thick, dull, brown, minutely rugulose; pleurogram open at hilar end; ureole 4-5 mm long, 2 mm wide; aril fleshy, clavate to sub- hemispherical, relatively small. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; LakeLefroy , Af. Donaldson K50(b) (CANB, PERTEI); Hogans Lagoon on E end of Lake Lefroy, M. Donaldson K50(c) (PERTH); NE end of Lake Cowan nearBinneringieHomcstcad,M. £)o«aWTOnK50(d) (AD, NSW, PERTH); Jubilee [Lake], 1 Aug. 1966,7. Lowry s.n. (PERTH); Goddard Dam, just below SW extremity ofLake Yindarlgooda, c. 40 km due ESE of Kalgoorlie, B.R. Maslin 6018 (MEL, PERTH); 75 km ENE of Paynes Find on road to Sandstone, c. 1 .75 km N of turn off to Narndee Station, N of Road Bore (Well), F.H. Mollemans A27>% (PERTH); near Red Bluff, Narndee Station, A.L. Payne 3468 (PERTH); 22.5 km NW of Queen Victoria Spring, D.J. Pearson DIP 3116 (CANB, PERTH); I km SW of Errol’s Brook, Cogla Downs [Station], H. Pringle 3640 (PERTH). Distribution. Scattered in the goldfields of Western Australia from between Paynes Find and Cue east to Jubilee and Carlisle Lakes in the Great Victoria Desert and south to Kalgoorlie and Norseman. Habitat. Grows in pale brown or orange sand, clay or loam with quartzite gravel on saline flats or breakaways in malice shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from April to September; mature pods collected in November, December, March and April. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. The new species is named for Michael Donaldson, who was a mining engineer working near Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, when he first brought the plant to our attention in early 1988; since then he has made several additional collections over a wide range. His efforts have made this description possible and we are pleased to recognize and applaud his interest. 460 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No, 3 (1999) Affinities. Acacia donaldsunii is superficially very similar to, and could easily be confused with, A. gilesiana F. Muell. but these two species may not be particularly closely related. Acacia gilesiana occurs mainly in the Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts and is easily recognized by its glabrous branchlets and peduncles, well-developed racemes, innocuous to coarsely pungent phyllodes, peltate bracteoles, glabrous ovary and non-arillate seeds. Acaciadonaldsnnii also has a superficial resemblance to A. kalgoorliensisR.S. Cowan & Maslin which has smaller phyllodes (2.5-7 cm long,c. 1.5 mmdiam.) with more numerous, more obvious nerves (stomata evident at xIO magnification in the inter-nerve spaces); it also has free sepals. In Ihe same general area that A. donaldsonii occurs, there is another species with rigid, ascending, pungent phyllodes -A. masliniana R.S. Cowan which has much more slender phyllodes (1-1.5 mm diam.) with numerous, fine, closely spaced longitudinal nerves, shorter peduncles (0.5-3 mm long) and narrower pods (3-4.5 mm wide). Acacia formidabilis C.A. Gardner ex R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex diffuses 0.25-0.6 m altus. Ramuli pilosi ad appresso-pilosi. Stipulae persistentes, recurvo- spinosae, 1.5-3 mm longae. Phyllodia plana, ± inaequilateraliter anguste elliptica vel oblongo- lanceolata, longo-acuminata, pungenlia, pulvino c. 0.5 mm longo, lamina 13-25 mm longa, 2.5-4 mm lata, rigido-coriacea. patent! ad ascendenti, rccurvata, glabra, glauca, multinervata, nervis arete parallelis prominulis. solum levitcr elevatis, glandulis 2. Pedunculi binati, 4-10 mm longi, parce pilosi ad glabri, interdum glauci, bractcis basalibus persistentibus, crassis, late ovatis, acutis, cucullatis appresso-puberulis, interdum glaucis. Capilula globularia, pallido-aurea vel atro-aurea, 4-5.5 mm diam., floribus 31-52; bractcolac spathulatac, ± puberulae ciliataeque, acutae ad acuminatae, in alabastro exsertae, atro-brunneae. Flores 5-meri. Sepala petalis 1/2-2/3 breviora, di.screta ad 1/2-connata, lineariaad anguste spathulata. Petala 2/3-connata, glabra. Ovarium glabrum. Legumen planum, orbiculare ad late oblongo-ellipticum, supra semina elevatum, 12-18 mm longum, 12 mm latum, chartaceum, subtiliter reticulatum, glabrum, interdum resinosum, nervis marginalibus crassis cum rcticulo interconjugatis. Semina transversa, ovoidea, c. 2.5 mm longa, 1 .8-2 mm lata, maculata cum luteo-brunnea ct atro-brunnea; areola minula, umbonata, exarillata. Typus: 6 miles [9.6 km] north-west of Southern Cross towards Bullfinch, Western Australia, 1 2 August 1971, B.R. Maslin 1956 (hob: PERTH 00196819: iso: CANB, K, NY), Diffuse sub-shrub 0.25-0.6 m tall, 0. 3-0.5 m wide. Branchlets terete, densely pubescent (hairs spreading to appressed). SripM/e.v persistent, recurved-spinose, 1 .5-3 mm long,±appressed-puberulous, glabrescent, arising from two sides of stem projections bearing phyllodes. Phyllodes ± unequally narrowly elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, commonly the upper margin ± shallowly convex and the lower margin straight to shallowly concave, 13-25 mm long, 2.5-4 mm wide, rigid, coriaceous, patent to ascending, often shallowly recurved, glabrous, glaucous or pale green; apex long-acuminate, ending in a straight, rigid, brown, pungent point; pulvinusc. 0.5 mm long; longitudinal nerves numerous, fine, close together, not anastomosing. Glands!, on upper margin of phyllode about 1/3 and 2/3 of phyllode length above pulvinus, small, inconspicuous. Inflorescences simple, 2 per axil; peduncles 4-10 mm long, sparingly pubcrulous or glabrous, sometimes pruinose; basal bracts persistent through anthesis, thick, broadly ovate, acute, cucullate, appressed-puberulous, sometimes pruinose. Heads globular, pale golden to deep golden, 4-5.5 mm diam., 3 l-52-flowered; bracteoles spathulate, ± puberulous, ciliate, exserted in buds, dark brown, the lamina widely elliptic, ovate or lanceolate, concave, acute to acuminate. F/ovve«' 5-merous; sepals. I/2-2/3 length of petals, free to 1 /2-uni ted, linear to narrowly spathulate, ± puberulous and ciliate; petals ± oblanceolatc, acute, recurved or the tip incurved, 2/3-unitcd, glabrous. Ovary glabrous. Pods Bat, orbicular to oblong-elliptic, raised over seeds along midline, 12-18 mm long, 12 mm wide, papery, straight, glabrous, sometimes resinous, light brown. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 461 obscurely transversely reticulate; marginal nerves slightly thickened. Seeds transverse, ovoid, c. 2.5 mm long, 1 .8-2 mm wide, 1 .2-1 .4 mm thick, dull, mottled dark brown on pale brown; p/eurogram U-shaped, open at hilar end; areole minute, 0.2-0. 3 mm long, pale; aril absent. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 3 miles [4.8 km] S of Paynes Find on Great Northern Highway, LB. Annitage 4 \ I (PERTH); 10 miles [16,6km] N ofWarralakin, NEof Mcrredin, J.S. Beard 4742 (PERTH); Whitewclls near Ninghan, C.A. Gardner 12500 (PERTH); 4 km WSW of Paynes Find on Great Northern Highway, A, 5. George 14276 (PERTH); 16 km NE of Bungalbin Hill, c. 62 km NNE of Koolyanobbing, K. Newhey 1 0832 (PERTH); 3 miles [4,8 km] W of Paynes Find on [Great Northcrn[ Highway, R.A. Suffrey 849 (G, MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, scattered from near Perenjori and Paynes Find, south-east to Southern Cross. Habitat. Grows in sand on plains and hillsides in tall open shrubland, sometimes associated with Banksia elderiana. Eucalyptus leptopoda or Triodia sp. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The specific epithet, from the Latin fonnidabilis (causing fear, terrible), was chosen by the late Charles Gardner for his collection 12500 but not published by him; it refers to the spinescent stipules and long-cuspidate, pungent phyllodes. Affinities. Phyllodes oi’ A. fonnidabilis closely resemble those of A. resinistipulea W. Fitzg. which is a taller shrub (1.5-3 m high) with non-,spinose stipules, shorter peduncles (3-4 mm long) and fewer- flowered heads (23-25-n()wered). Acacia resinEtipulea occurs sporadically from Ycllowdine (just east of Southern Cross) and Coolgardie south-east to near Balladonia; until pods are collected from this species it is not possible to determine how closely related it is to A. fonnidabilis. The new species is sometimes superficially similar to A. iinguicula R.S. Cowan & Maslin which is a taller plant (1-3 m) with nearly glabrous branchlets, more prominent, yellowish phyllode nerves with stomata on the green, inter-nerve region, and linear pods c. 2 mm wide. Acacia unguicula is known only from Ninghan Station, between Wubin and Paynes Find. Acacia havilandiorum Maiden, 7. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 53: 1 82 ( 1 920), as A, havilandi. Type: ‘Wong Suey’s [Suie’s] Paddock’, Cobar, New South Wales, September 1917, E. Havilands.n. (/ecto.- NSW, llowering specimen, here .selected; /,5o/ecto,-K, NSW, PERTH 00954977); ‘Wong Suie’s Paddock’, Cobar, New South Wales, November 1917, E. Haviland (paralecto: K, NSW, PERTH 00954969). Typification. Two collections, one tlowering (September), the other fruiting (November), were cited by Maiden in his protologue. Although both represent the same taxon, in order to avoid possible later complications the 1 lowering specimen at NSW is chosen as the lectotype; a duplicate of each collection is at PERTH through the generosity of NSW. The type locality was spelled ‘Wong Suey' s’ in Maiden’s publication but on the labels it is spelled ’Wong Suie’s’. The original spelling of the epithet was ‘havilandi’: the change to ■havilandiorum’ recognizes the author’s stated intention to honour both the Rev. Haviland and his son, both of whom were avid plant collectors (Hall & Johnson 1992). 462 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Acacia latipes Benth., London J. Bot. I: 334 (1842). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond s.n. (holo: K). Acacia striatula Benth., London J. Bot. 1: 336 (1842). Type: Swan River, Western Australia, J. Drummond s.n. (holo: K). Acacia latipes Benth. var. pubescens Meisn. in J.G.C. Lehmann, PI. Preiss. 1 : 10 (1844), synon. nov. Type: Qm.nge.n [near Wongamine, EofToodyay, c. 3I°29’S, 1 16°37’E], Western Australia, 20 March 1840, L. Preiss 989 (lecto: NY, /We Maslin & Cowan (1994a); isolecto: LD). Ajfinities. Acacia latipes is most closely related to A. cochlearis (Labill.) H. Wendl. Together with another closely related species-pair - A. comans W. Fitzg. and A. adnata F. Muell.- they comprise the informal Acacia latipes group. These four species arc characterized by having flat, sessile, pungent phyllodes with 3 or 4 longitudinal nerves on each face, free sepals, united petals and linear pods. In the past there has been much confusion between the species of each pair and this has led to difficulties in applying the names. Key to species of the Acacia latipes group 1 Stipules persistent, more or less spinose 2 Branchlets and pods with spreading hairs A. comans 2. Branchlets and pods with appressed hairs (or pods glabrous) A. adnata 1. Stipules caducous, not at all spinose 3 Phyllodes thinly coriaceous to subrigid, the nerves plane or slightly to moderately raised, the base narrowed (base normally much naiTower than mid-section of phyllode); plant mainly of coastal sand A. cochlearis 3. Phyllodes rigid to thick-rigid, the nerves moderately to strongly raised, the base not or ± scarcely narrowed (base more than half as wide as mid-section of phyllode); plant of near-coastal and inland areas A. latipes Affinities. Although the above differences between A. latipes and A. cochlearis are relatively subtle, each species tends to have its own distinctive facies and specimens can generally be assigned to one or the other. Because the flowers and fruits of A. latipes tind A. coc/t/eamare very similar, it is the highly variable phyllodes that are the main source of characters for distinguishing the two species. Even so, particular problems occur with plants having very narrow phyllodes (1 1-26 times longer than wide) which occur scattered along the south coast between Albany and Madura and adjacent inland areas in places. Some of these plants show enough of the characteristics of A. cochlearis to be assignable with confidence to that species: others approach A. Wf/pei soclo.sely that to assign them to either species is difficult. It is conceivable that, in at lea.st some instances, the collections are from hybrid populations but we have no firm data to support such an hypothesis. Future in-depth studies will have to determine, more precisely than wc have time to do, whether A. cochlearis and A. latipes are, in fact, infraspecific peU'ts of a single taxon. We lea\ c our preliminary studies of the two species with the distinct impression that we may have been trying to dissect a variation continuum. The typical variant of A. cochlearis has a discontinuous distribution along the coast of south-west Western Australia from Lancclin (north of Perth) to the mouth of the Donnelly River, from Albany to Hopetoun, and from Espcrance to south-east of Madura; this variant extends inland only at the Porongurup Range, north of Albany. Variants of A. cochlearis with narrow phyllodes occur scattered R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 463 along the south coast ol'Weslern Australia between Albany and Israelite Bay, extending inland to near Katanning, the Newdegate-Lake King area, and near Clyde Hill, north-east of Esperance. Acacia latipes has a generally more northerly or more inland distribution compared to that of A. cochlearis (see below). Variation. Acacia latipes exhibits a perplexing range of variation, particularly in regard to phyllode morphology. Of the many variants that can be recognized from an examination of herbarium material we consider it prudent at this stage to formally recognize only one, subsp. licina, characterized by its exceedingly long phyllodes. The typical subspecies therefore remains broadly circumscribed and it has not been possible within the scope of the present study to undertake the considerable field and laboratory work needed to elucidate these patterns of variation. At least ten variants can be recognized within this subspecies. The principal impression gained by our study of the available material attributed to A. latipes is variability in all respects, but a few tentative observations are worth recording. 1. Indumentum alone is not correlated with any other characteristic. Northern populations have puberulous branchlcts and/or phyllode nerves more often than do those to the south. The type of A. latipes var. puhescens Meisn. was collected by Preiss in the Victoria district of Western Australia, east of Toodyay; this variant is not worthy of formal recognition. 2. We have not been able to identify any modern collection that precisely corresponds to the type of A. striatula Bcnth., although some arc fairly close to it. It is characterized by unusually small, straight or recurved, linear phyllodes and appressed-puberulousbranchlets. These characters seem hardly to justify its separation at any level and accordingly for the present we treat A. striatula as conspecific with A. latipes. 3 . Plants with the longest peduncles and heads with the largest number of flowers occur in the northern part of the range. 4. We cannot over-emphasize the importance of extensive, intensive field studies from Shark Bay to Esperance ior the further refinement of our, admittedly, broad treatment of A. latipes. Key to subspecies of Acacia latipes Phyllodes straight to shallowly recurved, narrowly oblong-elliptic to widely elliptic, subtriangular, linear or subulate, mostly 3.5-8 times longer than wide, often glaucous or subglaucous subsp. latipes Phyllodes normally curved upwardly, rarely straight, elongate-linear, 23-40 times longer than wide, not glaucous subsp. licina Acacia latipes Benth. subsp. latipes Phyllodes straight to very shallowly recurved, narrowly oblong-elliptic, elliptic, widely elliptic, subtriangular, linear or subulate, (7)11 -25(40) mm long, (0.8) 1 .5-4(7) mm wide, ( 1 .5)3.5-8(20) times as long as wide, commonly glaucous or sub-glaucous, occasionally pruinose. 464 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 40.7 miles [65.5 km] from [ENEof] Geraldton (WofIndarra),A.MA.v/;/;):3795(AD,CANB.K,L, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 16 km N of Watheroo towards Three Springs, B.R. Maslin 3298 (CANB, PERTH); Lawnswood, between Toodyay and Clackline, B.R. Maslin 3387 (PERTH); c. 11 km due NEofEsperance, Parmango Rd, 16.5 km NE of Fisheries Road, B.R. Ma.s'/m 5833 (PERTH); f. 25 km WSWofYork, Talbot Road West, 12.5 kmSEofYork-Perthroad, B.R. Maslin 6171 (PERTH); c. 8 miles [12.9 km] N of Bulyee, K. Newbey 3424 (PERTH); 6.6 miles [10.6 km] S of Callex garage, Coorow on Geraldton Highway , M.D. Tindale 2670 (PERTH); Hill River Spring, between Badgingarra and Jurien Bay, 8 Oct. 1 96 1 , 7.//. Willis s.n. (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from Hamelin Pool to Quairading with scattered populations from near Lake King to east of Scaddan. Habitat. Grows in sand, sandy loam, loam and lateritic soil in heath (especially near the coast), shrubland, scrub and woodland of banksias, York Gum and Wandoo. Phenology. Flowering recorded from May to October; mature pods collected from late November to January. Conservation status. Not under threat. Acacia latipes subsp. licina R.S. Cowan & Maslin, suhsp. nov. Ab A. latipes subsp. latipes phyllodiis rectis vel plerumque incurvatis, elongato-linearibus, 24-52 mm longis, 1-2 mm latis, ratione horum 23-40, differt. Typus: 14.1 miles [22.6 km] south of Mullewa-Geraldton rail crossing on Erangy Springs road. Western Australia, 30 July 1972, A.M. Ashby 4622 (holo: PERTH 00714550; iso: CANB, K, NSW, NY, PERTH 00853372). Phyllodes straight or more oi'ten incurved, elongate-linear, 24-52 mm long, 1-2 mm wide, 23-40 times as long as wide. Selected specimens examined . WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 8 miles [12.9 km] along Casuarina Road, SE of Geraldton, A.C. Burns 5 (PERTH); 5 miles [8 km] N of Port Gregory-Northampton road towards Kalbarri, R. Cumming 1 746 (PERTH); N of Eneabba,E of Brand Highway and 1.6kmW of intersection of Beekeepers Reserve Rd and railway line, E.D. Kabay 225 (PERTH); South Hutt River, A. Oldfield s.n. (PERTH 00714542); Erangy Springs road, 14 miles [22.5 km] S of 42 mile peg on Geraldton- Mullewa road, G. Phillips GP54 (DNA, PERTH); 8.5 miles [13.7 km] S of Geraldton-Mullewa rail crossing on Erangy Springs road G. Phillips ior A.M. Ashby AMA4627 (MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia from Port Gregory to north of Three Springs. A collection from Esperance {C.A. Gardner 1690) appears to have incorrect label data and it has not been possible to clarify the locality from his field books. Habitat. Grows in sand and limestone in heath and low shrubland. Flowering period. Flowering recorded in June and July. No mature pods seen. R.S, Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 465 Conservation' status . CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Discussion. Bentham ( 1 864) referred an Oldfield collection from the ‘South Hutt’ [River], near Port Gregory, to his A. striatula', this collection represents the northern limit of A. latipes subsp. licina. Etymology. Named from the Latin licinus (bent or turned upwards), in reference to the typical phyllode shape. Acacia nyssophylla F. Muell., nom. invai, Fragm. 4: 4 ( 1 863); PL Victoria!: 9 (1863) , not effectively published, see Court et al. ( 1 994). - Acacia colletioides var. nyssophylla (F. Muell.) Benth., FI. Austral. 2: 326 (1 864). Type: in the Desert on the River Murray, Victoria, F. Mueller s.n. {lecto: MEL 500592, here selected); isolecto: K, PERTH- fragment ex MEL); Lake Gairdner, South Australia, B.H. Babbage (paralecto: MEL, PERTH - fragment ex MEL [this collection is A. colletioides Benth.]). Acacia periculosa S. Moore,/ Linn. Soc. Bot. 45: 171 [1920), synon. nov. Type.' Nungarin, Western Australia, 1917, F. Stoward 153 {holo: BM). Typification. When Mueller described A. nyssophylla he cited two collections in his protologue but one of them, B.H. Babbage s.n. from South Australia, is A. colletioides. As a consequence, we have chosen as the lectotype Mueller’s own collection, which also agrees more closely with his protologue. This binomial and others' are to be found in the broadsheets distributed by Mueller to a few friends of the first part of Volume 2 of his "The Plants Indigenous to the Colony of Victoria”; because only forty pages of the second volume were printed, apparently for economic reasons, and never properly distributed. Court et al. (1994) concluded that the work was not effectively published and the new names in it therefore invalid. In this instance the binomial dates from his slightly later publication in the second reference cited above. Acacia speckii R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex fruticosus vel arbor parva 2-3 m alta. Phyllodia teretia, pungentia, (70)80-120 mm longa, 1-1.5 mm diam., recta ad leviter incurvata, glabra, subglauca, nerviis 8, distantibus, valde elevatis, glande 2-4.5 mm supra pulvinum, punctiformi, depressa, pul vino perbrevi. Pedunculi 5-10 mm longi (infructo), 1 vel 2 in quoque axilla, glabri. Capitula probabiliter lato-ellipsoidalia ad obloidea. Flores 4-meri. Sepala et petala 1/4 connata, scpalis anguste oblongis. Legumen moniliforme, (30)70-135 mm longum, 4-6 mm latum, leviter curvatum, glabrum, valvis chartaceis. Semina longitudinalia, globosa, ad apicem umbonata, c. 5 mm diam., obscure brunnea, arillo minuto. Typus: 16 miles [25.6 km] south-west of Nannine, Western Australia, 8 September 1957, N.H. Speck 718 (holo: PERTH 00196746; iso: CANB, K, NSW). Bushy, multi-stemmed, obconic (crown rounded) shrub to c. 2 m tall, maturing to ± gnarled tree c. 3 m tall, single-stemmed or sparingly branched at ground level. Bark grey, fissured on main stems. Branchlets terete, finely ribbed, glabrous, grey. New shoots pale green. Stipules early caducous. Phyllodes terete, (70)80-120 mm long, 1-1.5 mm diam., rigid, erect, straight to shallowly incurved, often somewhat bent at the gland, glabrous, pale subglaucous to light green; longitudinal nerves 8, prominent, raised, widely spaced with well-defined inter-nerve spaces; apex narrowed to a straight, rigid, brown, ± pungent point; piilvinus very short, yellow. Gland on upper surface of phyllode 466 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) 2-4.5 mm above pulvinus, minute, punctiform, depressed. Inflorescences (judging from very young buds) simple, 1 or 2 per axil; peduncles 5- 1 0 mm long (in fruit), glabrous, the receptacle (at fruiting) elongate, to c. 5 mm long; basal bracts cucullate, glabrous. Heads (judging from fruiting receptacles) broadly ellipsoid to obloid. Flowers 4-merous. Pod moniliform with rounded segments, (30)70-135 mm long, 4-6 mm wide; valves chartaceous, shallowly curved, light brown, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, globose, ± equatorially ridged, umbonate at apex, c. 5 mm diam., dull, brown; pleurogram not evident; aril minute. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 43.5 km W of Yalgoo towards Mullewa, B.R. Maslin 3621 (PERTH); 27 km W of Yalgoo towards Mullewa, B.R. Maslin 4259 (CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 17 km due N of Mount Magnet, c. 5 km due NW of ‘Baxter’s Welcome’ mine pit, B.R. Maslin 7340 (PERTH); None Station, A./l. Mitchell 979 (AD, BRI, G, PERTH); 10 km W of Coodardy Station homestead, A. A. Mitchell 1337 (PERTH); Gabanintha road, S of Meekatharra, N.H.Speck%9\ (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in Western Australia, scattered from north-west of Meekatharra to Mount Magnet and south-west of Yalgoo, and towards Mullewa and Morawa. Habitat. Grows in rocky granitic soil on slopes of low hills with underlying basalt, granite ordolerite, in shrubland or open scrub with Acacia aneura. Fruiting period. Flowering season not known but mature pods collected in September. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The epithet acknowledges Nathaniel H. Speck (1906-1970) who discovered and first collected the species in 1957. See Hall (1984) for biographical notes. Affinities. The relationship of this species to others is not clear but it may be related to Acacia obtecta Maiden & Blakely which is readily distjnguished by its flat, innocuous phyllodes that are 4-6 mm wide and its exarillate seeds. Acacia obtecta occurs in the Paynes Find-Wubin-Kununoppin area. Acknowledgements Alex George checked the Latin descriptions and provided editorial assistance. Terena Lally, Suzanne Curry and Diana Corbyn provided valuable assistance during the preparation of the manuscript. Support for them and for the project generally was given by the Australian Biological Resources Study, to whom we are indebted. References Bentham, G. (1864). “Flora Auslralicnsis”. Vol. 2. (Lovell Reeve & Co.: London.) Chapman, A.R. & Maslin, B R. (1999) Acacia miscellany 20. Description of three new Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorue (Leguniinosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12: 487^91. Court, A.B., Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R (1994). Mueller’s “The Plants Indigenous to the Colony of Victoria” - Is Volume 2 effectively published? Nuytsia 9: 3LS-318. R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 18 467 Cowan, R.S, & Maslin. B.R. (1999) Acacia miscellany 17. Miscellaneous new taxa and lectotypifications in Western Australian Acacia, mostly section Phirinetves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12: 413-452. Hall, N.H. (1984). “Botanists of Australian Acacias”. (CSIRO: Melbourne.) Hall, N.H. & Johnson, L.A.S. (1992). "The names of Acacias of New South Wales”. (Royal Botanic Gardens: Sydney.) Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994a). C.F. Meissner’s species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 399-414. Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994b). What type of type.' Australian Systematic Botany Society Newsletter 81: 2-7. 468 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Nuytsia 12(3);469-486(1999) 469 Acacia miscellany 19. The taxonomy of some Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-merous flowers (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman 1 . Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Maslin, B.R. and Chapman, A.R. Acacia miscellany 19. Thetaxonomy of some Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-rnerous flowers (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 1 2(3): 469-486 (1999). Nine new Western Australian taxa of Acacia are described, namely, A. aprica Maslin & A.R. Chapman, A. arcuatilis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa Maslin & A.R. Chapman (a description is also provided for A. cochlocarpa W. Fitzg. subsp. cochlocarpa), A. cracentis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, A. isonetira Maslin & A.R. Chapman (comprising subsp. isoneura and subsp. nimia Maslin & A.R. Chapman). A. lirellata Maslin & A.R. Chapman (comprising subsp. lirellata and subsp. compressa Maslin & A.R. Chapman) and A. tetraneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman. The differences between the closely related species pair A. filifolia Benth. and A. tratmanianaW .Fitzg. are elucidated and a description of each species is provided. All these species are characterized by having 4-merous flowers arranged in ± sessile heads or spikes and most have terete to quadrangular phyllodes (Bat in A. cochlocarpa and A. lirellata subsp. compressa, and sometimes in A. tetraneura). A key to the species described in this paper is provided. Introduction This paper deals with a number of Western Australian species of Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) that have 4-merous flowers arranged in more or less sessile heads or spikes. Many of the species also have slender, terete or quadrangular phyllodes with 4 or 8 longitudinal nerves. In the past, some plants with this combination of characters were called A. filifolia which is shown here to be a relatively uncommon species. Not all species with the above-mentioned floral attributes are included in this paper. Indeed, the taxa presented here are grouped largely for convenience in order that the new names can be made available for use in the forthcoming “Flora of Australia” Volume 1 1 . Plurinerved phyllodinous acacias are classified as belonging to section Juliflorae (Benth.) C. Moore &Betche when the flowers arc arranged in cylindrical spikes, and section P/nn/rerve.r (Benth.) C. Moore & Betche when the flowers are in globular heads (Pedley 1978). As discussed by Maslin & Stirton (1998), in many ways this distinction is largely artificial. Some species included in the present paper have globular heads, others cylindrical spikes, and yet others are intermediate with obloid heads. A similar range of variation in head shape occurs in other groups of closely related species in the Australian Acacia Bora. e.g. the A. stiginarophylla group (Tindale 1980). 470 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Independently of the present study, Cowan and Maslin had prepared descriptions of two new species, A. arcuatilis and A. cracentis. These species are published here because they are clearly related to others included in this paper. Key to taxa described in this paper 1 Phyllodes flat, 1.5-6 mm wide 2 Phyllodes 1 -nerved on each face, straight to shallowly incurved, (2-3 mm wide) A. tetraneura 2. Phyllodes 3-7-nerved on each face, shallowly to strongly incurved 3 Phyllodes 1. 5-2(3) mm wide; pods + straight (branchlets glabrous) A. lirellata subsp. compressa 3. Phyllodes 3-6 mm wide; pods tightly spirally or ± irregularly coiled 4 Branchlets, pods and phyllodes glabrous A. cochlocarpa subsp. cochlocarpa 4. Branchlets, pods and normally phyllode nerves hairy .... A. cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa 1. Phyllodes terete to quadrangular, 0.5-1. 5 mm wide 5 Phyllodes decurrent on branchlets A. lirellata subsp. lirellata 5. Phyllodes not decurrent on branchlets 6 Flowers 30-55 in sub-globular to obloid heads or cylindrical spikes; phyllodes 5-20(25) cm long 7 Flowers in cylindrical spikes or sometimes obloid heads 4-5 mm wide (when dry); phyllodes straight to shallowly incurved, (7-12(14) cm long) 8 Phyllodes slender (0.5-0.6 mm diam.), soft and flexible, with nerves 0.2 mm wide; spikes mostly paired in axil of phyllode A. isoneura subsp. isoneura 8. Phyllodes thick (0.8-1 .2 mm diam.), rigid, with nerves 0.3 mm wide; spikes single in axil of phyllode A. isoneura subsp. nimia 7. Flowers in sub-globular to obloid heads 5-8 mm wide (when dry); phyllodes shallowly to strongly incurved or sometimes irregularly sigmoid or serpentinous 9 Phyllodes mostly 5-1 1 cm long; diffuse shrub 1.5-2 m tall; upper branches commonly spreading ± horizontally A. aprica 9. Phyllodes mostly 12-20 cm long; wispy, erect shrub 1.5-3 m tall; terminal branchlets sometimes subpcndulous A. filifolia 6. Flowers less than 30 in globular to obloid heads; phyllodes 2.5-8(-l I) cm long 10 Phyllodes quadrangular with a broad. Oat nerve along each angle A. tratmaniana 10. Phyllodes terete (occasionally slightly quadrangular) with 4 or 8 equal, broad nerves 1 1 Phyllodes 4-nerved, deeply furrowed between nerves A. tetraneura 11. Phyllodes 8-nerved, very shallowly furrowed between nerves 12 Phyllodes shallowly to strongly incurved (sometimes into a circle), grey-green to subglaucous (ignore new growth); heads normally twinned in axil of phyllode A. arcuatilis 12. Phyllodes straight to very shallowly incurved, dark green to milky green; heads normally single in axil of phyllode A. cracentis B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 471 Descriptions Acacia aprica Maslin & A.R. Chapman, sp. nov. Frutex diffusus, apertus, ad 2 m altus. Ramuli leniter flexuosi, inter costas dense argenteo-sericei. Phy llodia teretia ad subquadrangularia, ± sessilia, 5- 1 1 cm longa, 1- 1 .5 m lata, parce ad valde incurva, 8-nervia, nervis latis, applanatis, sulcis vadosis fuscis segregatis. Inflorescentia simplex; capitula sessilia ad subsessilia (pedunculo ad 2 mm longo), subglobosa ad oblongoidea. Flores 4-meri. Sepala c. dimidio unita. Legumcn lincare, ad 6 cm longum, c. 2 mm latum, sericeum, marginibus latis, glabris. Semina longitudinalia; arillus parvus. Typus: near Coorow [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 2 June 1976, B.R. Maslin 4\26 [halo: PERTH 00156086; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW). Diffuse, open shrub 1 .5-2 m tall, dividing near ground level into 2 to many spreading main stems, the upper branches often spreading ± horizontally. Bark dark grey, smooth except fine fissures towards base of stems, Branchlets slightly llexuose, not or scarcely pendulous, red-brown, densely silvery sericeous between the often-resinous ribs. Stipules not seen. Phyllodes terete to sub-quadrangular, 5-1 1 cm long, rarely very few to 14 cm, 1-1.5 inrndiam., rather stout and sparse, moderately to strongly incurved or sometimes shallowly serpentinous, silvery sericeous when young (especially between nerves), commonly glabrous at maturity except appressed hairs at base, dull, green to grey-green; longitudinal ner\>es 8, broad (0.2-0. 3 mm wide), ± flat-topped, not or scarcely raised and separated by an equal number of shallow and narrow yet distinct, dark longitudinal furrows, the nerves of ± uniform width and prominence; apex acute with a dark brown point; pulvinus very indistinct. Gland situated on upper surface of phyllode 1-3 mm above base, obscure, slightly swollen. Inflorescence simple, single or paired in axil of phyllode. Heads subglobular to obloid, sessile to subsessile (peduncle to 2mm long, densely hairy), 7-10 mm long and 7-8 mm wide when dry, densely 40-55-flowered, golden; bracteoles persistent, spathulatc, c. I mm long, with a narrow stipe and arhomboid, acute, dark lamina. Flowers 4-merous; sepals I /2 to 2/3 length of petals, c. Ml united, the lobes narrow, thickened at apex, dark and puberulent along midrib; petals 1 .5-2 mm long, viscid, without an obvious midrib. Ovary sessile, puberulous; style sub-lateral. Pods linear, shallowly to moderately constricted between seeds, flat, 2.5-6 cm long, c. 2 mm wide, thinly crustaceous, straight to shallowly curved, red-brown, silvery sericeous on faces; margins broad, glabrous, yellow or red-brown. Seeds longitudinal, obloid- ellipsoid, 2.5-3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, I mm thick, glossy, pale brown mottled yellow (pale yellowish prior to maturity ); /i/mc/t' liliform, expanded into a small, terminal, cream (dry) aril measuring I/4-1/3 length o I' seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, all near Coorow [precise localities withheld forconservationreasons|: 1 July 1962.C. Chapmans. n. (BRI,PERTH);fi.R. 4/0^/(716406 (NY,PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 45 I (PERTH); D. Papenfus DP 456 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia where it is restricted to a small area near Coorow. Habitat. Grows in gravelly or clayey sand or loam in scrub and low woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to August; mature pods collected in mid-December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. 472 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Etymology. The specific epithel is derived from the Latin apricus (lying open, exposed to the sun) and alludes to the open, diffuse habit of Ihc shrubs. Affinities. Related to A. arcuatilis (which is distinguished by generally shorter, more slender phyllodes, fewer- flowered heads and normally a lower stature) and A. Hrellata subsp. lirellata (which is most readily distinguished by its decurrent, deeply furrowed phyllodes and obtuse bracteoles). Also closely related to A. filifolia which can be distinguished by its wispy, taller habit and longer, generally thinner phyllodes. Acacia aprica, A. filifolia and d. lirellata subsp. lirellata all occur in the Coorow area. Acacia arcuatilis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex elTusus 0.4-0. 8 m altus. Ramuli versus apices sericei inter costas resinosas rubescentes. Phyllodiateretia, plerumque3-6cm longa,0.6-l .2 mm lata, parum ad valdeincurva(interdumomnino in circulo), nervis 8, latis, applanatis, non vel parum elevatis, sulcis vadosis angustis adpresso- pubcrulis,. Inllorescentia simplex; capitula sessilia, ± globosa. Flores 4-meri. Sepala pro 2/3 vel 3/4 unita. Legumen lineare, ad 6 cm longum, 1.5-2 mm latum, in quoque pagina minute adpresso- puberulum, margmibus latis. Semina longitudinalia, maculata. Typus: 6.5 km south of Kulin, Western Australia, 27 August 1973, B.R. Maslin 3424 {holo: PERTH 00158461 ; iso: AD, CANS, K. MEL, NSW, NY). Low, spreading, sometimes ± ilat-toppcd shrub, usually 0.4-0. 8 m tall and 0.4-1. 3 m across, occasionally 1-2 m tall. New shoots resinous. Bark dark grey or grey-brown, longitudinally fissured (sometimes only at base of stems) exposing light brown underlayer. Branchlets silvery sericeous between the red-brown or yellow-brown resin-ribs at extremities, the new shoots resinous. Stipules minute (0.5-1 mm long), triangular, persistent. Phyllodes terete, (2.5)3-6(7) cm long, 0.6-1. 2 mm diam., sometimes quite stout, shallowly to strongly incurved (sometimes into a complete circle) or sometimes shallowly sigmoid, resinous, minutely appressed- or sub-appressed-puberulous between nerves (hairs sometimes sparse and difficult to see, observe at magnification), grey-green to sub- glaucous (light green on new growth); longitudinal nen’es 8, broad (0.2-0. 3 mm wide), of uniform width and prominence, ± flat-topped, not or scarcely raised, separated by very narrow, shallow, longitudinal furrows; apex acute or obtusely mucronate with a straight or sometimes oblique, dark brown point; pulvinus indistinct, t . 0.5 mm long. Gland situated on surface of phyllode at its base, small, not always evident. Inflorescence simple, paired (occasionally 3) in axil of phyllode, very rarely a specimen with all heads solitary; peduncles 0.5—1 mm long, hairy. Pleads globular to very shortly obloid or widely ellipsoid, 4-6 mm long and 4-5 mm diam. when dry, 10-22-flowered, golden; buds resinous; bracteoles 0,5-1 mm long, dark, obtuse to shortly acuminate. Flowers 4-merous; sepals 1/2 or more ol petal length, 2/3-3/4-united; lobes triangular, glabrous; /reto/x glabrous. Ovary densely hairy. Pods linear, si ighlly raised over and constricted between seeds, 2.5-6 cm long, 1 .5-2 mm wide, very thinly coriaceous, straight to very shallowly curved, resinous, minutely appressed-puberulous on lateral faces; margins broad (but not thickened), glabrous. Seeds longitudinal in pod, ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm long, 1-1.3 inm wide, glossy, mottled dark brown on grey and with a dark brown peripheral nerve; pleurogram U-shaped; areole small, pale; aril terminal, bluntly conical, about as long as seed, drying a pale waxy yellow. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Swan Rivercolony,/ Drummond5.2(N[EL, PERTH); 3 miles [4.8 km] W of Corrigin on road to Brookton, B.R. Maslin 500 (NY, PERTH); 7 km SofKulin towards Kukerin, //./?. Y/ax/Z/i 4376 (PERTH); 9 km WofPiawaning on road to Great Northern B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 473 Highway, fi./?. Maslin A961 (CANB, K,MEL, PERTH) ; about 2 km due W of Camel Peaks, B.R. Maslin 5770 (BRI, G, MEL, PERTH); about 12 km due SE of Quairading, B.R. Maslin 7675 (PERTH); 20 km NW of Ongerup, N. Stephens KRN9492-1 (MELU, PERTH); intersection off Kulin-Wickepin road, 30 miles [48 km] to Pingaring and 30 miles [48 km] to Harrismith, M.D. Tindale 3746 (BRI, CANB, K,MEL, NSW, PERTH); Reserve No. 2638 1 , lOkm NNW of Nyabing, 4 Sep. 1984, A"./ Wallace s.n. (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia in three disjunct areas, between Bindi Bindi and Piawaning in the north, Ongerup and Nyabing in the south, and from Quairading and Wickepin east to just north of Hyden. Habitat. Grows in sand and loam, sometimes with gravel or quartzite, in mallee scrub or low heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The specific epithet is chosen because of the curvature of the phyllodes, from the Latin arcuatilis (curved like a bow). Affinities. Acacia arcuatilis is very closely related to A. cracentis and the two could perhaps be treated as subspecies of a single species, as they share the same basic phyllode nervature, inflorescence structure and carpological features. Normally A. cracentis is distinguished by its more slender, straighter, greener phyllodes with only a single head in the axil. However, when the phyllodes of A. arcuatilis are only shallowly curved, this species can be difficult to distinguish from A. cracentis. Apart from the number of heads per axil, other characters helpful in recognizing A. cracentis include its commonly glabrous phyllodes and taller growth habit. Acacia arcuatilis is also related to A. aprica and A. lirellata subsp. lirellata (see discussion under these taxa). Specimens of A. arcuatilis with particularly thick phyllodes may .superficially resemble A. obesa R.S. Cowan & Maslin which is readily distingui.shed by its striate, 12-16-nerved phyllodes, 5-merous flowers and strongly curved pods. A general similarity between A. arcuatilis and A. pinguiculosa subsp. teretifolia R.S. Cowan & Maslin may be noted but that subspecies is readily recognized by its longer peduncles (5- 1 0 mm), 5-merous tlowers and glabrous, thickly textured pods. Variation. Most specimens have distinctive, markedly curved phyllodes, but a few have shallowly curved phyllodes and then resemble A. cramirA (see above). Judging from the relatively few field data, it appears that A. arcuatilis is normally a low, spreading shrub 0.4-0.8 m tall; however, specimen label information on Stevens KRN9492-I and Muslin 500 suggest that under some circumstances plants can reach 1-2 ni in height. Acacia cochlocarpa Meisner, Bot. Zeitiing (Berlin) 13:10(1 855). Type: “Drumm. Coll. VI n. 6: Nov. Holl. Australi - occid. inter Hum, Moore et Murchison” (between Moore River and Murchison River, Western Australia], J. Drummond coW. 6:6, comm. Shuttleworth 1854 {holo: NY; iso: BM, CGE, LD (sphalm. “coll. 3”), OXF, P, PERTH 00745162- fragment of unknown origin). See Maslin & Cowan (1994) for details of typification. 474 Nuytski Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Sprawling low 5'/7r«/5() 3-0.7 mhigh, 1 .5-3 m across. /?ar/:smoothorslightly stringy, reddish-grey. Branchlets straight to shallowly llexuose, ribbed and yellow-brown at extremities, glabrous or pubescent (with short, ± straight, patent, soft hairs). Stipules early caducous (scars only seen) or persistent. Phyllodes naiTOwly oblong-elliptic, 2. 5-7. 5 cm long, 3-6 mm wide, coriaceous, flat, shallowly to strongly incurved, erect, hairy on nerves or glabrous, green; longitudinal nerves prominent, 3-7 per face, the midrib broader and more evident than the rest, the nerves rather widely spaced (distinct inter-nerve spaces between) and commonly a few not extending full length of phyllode; apex acute or obtuse, mucronate; pulvinus 1-3 mm long, yellow-brown, ± smooth. Gland on upper margin of phyllode 0-1 mm above pulvinus, often obscured by hairs in subsp. velutinosa, elliptic, 0.5-0. 6 mm long, 0. 3-0.4 mm wide, yellow-brown. Inflorescences simple, paired in axil of phyllode. Heads sub-globular to shortly cylindrical, 5-10 mm long and 5-6 mm diam. (dry), sub- densely flowered, golden; iiracreo/e^ persistent, ovate or obovate, 0.7-1 .8 mm long, 0.5-0. 8 mm wide, red-brown, obtuse or acute to acuminate. Flowers 4-merous; sepals 0.8-1. 2 mm long c. 1/2 length of petals, lobed to 1/2 their length. Petals 1.6-2. 2 mm long, ± free, yellow; nerves not evident. Ovary sessile, puberulous, style ± central. Pods tightly spirally or ± irregularly coiled; valves 3-4 mm wide, chartaceous, smooth, brown, glabrous or± velutinous (the hairs dense, moderately long, sub-straight, patent and soft); margins broad, yellow, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal in pod, spherical to obloid, 1.5-2. 5 mm long, 1.5-2. 5 mm wide, c. 1 mm thick, glossy, grey with brown speckling and a dark peripheral nerve; pleurogram fine, circular, open 0.2 mm at hilar end; areole c. 0.2 mm long, 0.2 mm wide; funlcle short, filiform, straight, expanded into a terminal, cream (dry) aril. Distribution. Occurs in the north-central whcatbelt region of south-west Western Australia near Watheroo and Manmanning with an early collection from west of Moora and possibly also from near York. Affinities. Acacia coclilocarpa. appears to be most closely related to /I. lirellata and A. tetraneura but is sharply distinguished from both these taxa by its tightly coiled pods. The two taxa that superficially mo,st closely resemble one another are A. cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa and A. lirellata subsp. compressa on account of both having flat, curved, strongly multi-nerved phyllodes, sessile, sub- globular to shortly obloid beads and acute to acuminate, dark bracteoles. Apart from its ± straight, moniliform pods, subsp. compressa is most readily recognized by its glabrous brancblets and by its phyllodes that are narrower (normally 1-2 mm wide) and glabrous. Until recent years the name A. neurophylla W. Fitzg. was commonly but erroneously applied to plants of A. cochlocarpa. The two species are not particularly closely related. Subspecies. Two subspecies, subsp. cochlocarpa and subsp. velutinosa, are recognized within A. cochlocarpa and these can be readily distinguished by their branchlet and pod indumentum and other characters (see subspecies descriptions below and key above). Both subspecies have restricted geographic ranges and their distributions do not overlap. Acacia cochlocarpa Meisner subsp. cochlocarpa Branchlets glabrous. Stipules early caducous. Phyllodes (3)4-7. 5 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, glabrous, 5-7-nerved with the central nerve equidistant from margins; apex acute. Heads obloid to shortly cylindrical, 7-10 mm long (dry); bracteoles obovate, 0.7-0. 8 mm long, obtuse. Pods glabrous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, near Watheroo [precise localities withheld forconservation reasons]: July-Aug. 1973, C. Chapmans. n. (AD, CANB,K,L, PERTH); 18Nov. 1973, B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 475 C. Chapman s.n. (B, BFT, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH); C. Chapman 4 (AD, PERTH); B. R. Maslin 4492 (MENU , PERTH) ; D. Papenfus 462 (CANB , PERTH); westward from Moora, L. Diels 3096 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, restricted to near Watheroo and an early collection west of Moora. Habitat. Grows on clayey sand in open shrubland or scrub with Allocasuarina campestris. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to August; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Declared Rare. Acacia cochlocarpa subsp. velutinosa Maslin & A.R. Chapman, subsp. nov. Ramuli pubescenies. Phyllodia 2.5-4 cm longa, 3-5 m lata, nervis 3-5(7); stipulae persistentes. Capitula subglobosa; bracteolae acuminatae. Legumen ± velutinum. Typus: Manmanning area [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 30 November 1974, A.Y George 12926 (//o/o.- PERTH 00455644; Ao.- CANB, K, NSW). Branchleis pubescent. Stipules persistent, triangular, 1 .5-2 mm long, 0.5-0.7 mm wide, scarious, acute, red-brown, sparsely hairy abaxially. Phyllodes 2.5-4 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, 3-5(7)-nerved, normally hairy on nerves, the central nerve slightly excentric (slightly closer to adaxial margin), apex obtuse or occasionally acute. /f6W.v sub-globular, 5-7 mm long (dry). Bracteoles ovat&, L2-L8mm long, acute to acuminate. Pods ± velutinous. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: York district, L. Preiss 937 (G, NY, LUND, PERTH - photograph); near Manmanning, B. & M. Smith 352 (PERTH); 2 May 1974; B. & M. Smith s.n. (CANB, PERTH); 20 June 1974, B. M. Smith s.n. (MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, restricted to near Manmanning with an early collection of dubious locality from near York (sec Notes below). Habitat. Grows in sandy clay in heath and on sandy laterite in mallee. Phenology. Flowering recorded from May to July; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymoiogy. The subspecific epithet, from the Latin velutinus (velvety) and the suffix -osus (indicating full development), alludes to the indumentum on the branchlets, phyllodes and especially the pods. Affinities. Similar to A. lirellata subsp. compressa (sec discussion under other subspecies). 476 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Notes. The first gathering of this taxon appears to have been Preiss 937 which is a specimen bearing the following annotation: “Frutex 3 pedalis. In planitiearenosissylvae inter praediarusticaDD. Barker et Lennard. April 12. [18]4()”. Based on information provided in Marchant (1990) this locality is somewhere between E.P.B. Lennard’s property on the Swan River near Guildford and S.A. Barker’s property near York. There are no modern collections of subsp. velutinosa from this region and it is unlikely to occur there because of an absence of suitable habitats; it is therefore probable that the locality given by Preiss is an error. Acacia cracentis R.S. Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex 0.5-2 m altus. Ramuli versus apices sericei inter costas resinosas. Phyllodia teretia, gracilia, 2.5-6 cm longa, 0.5-0. 7 m lata, recta ad parum incurva, nervis 8, latis, applanatis. Inflorescentia simplex; capitula sessilia, globosa ad subglobosa, floribus 12-20. Flores 4-meri. Sepala 3/4 unita. Legumen lineare, ad 5 cm longum, 1-2 mm latum, rectum. Semina longitudinalia, maculata; arillus semen fere aequans. Typus: Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, Morrison Road, 9 km east of Echo Road, Western Australia, 23 July 1989, B.R. Maslin 6383 (kola: PERTH 01014366; iso: CANB, K, Z). Bushy, multistemmed, rounded or obconic shrub 0.5-2 m tall. Bark dark grey, smooth or furrowed. New shoots resinous. Branchlets with yellow-brown or red-brown resin-ribs at tips, sparsely to densely sericeous between ribs (hairs sometimes difficull to see, lost with age). Stipules minute, triangular, persistent. Phyllodes terete or sometimes slightly quadrangular, 2.5-5(6) cm long, 0.5-0.7 mm diam., slender, patent to ascending, straight to very shallowly incurved, resinous at least when young, glabrous or sparsely appressed-hairy between nerves (hairs normally difficult to see, observe at magnification), dark green to milky green; longitudinal nerves 8, broad (0.2 mm wide), of uniform width and prominence, ± IJat-topped, not or scarcely raised, separated by very narrow, shallow, dark longitudinal furrows; pulvinus indistinct; apex acute with an normally oblique, dark brown point. Gland situated on upper surface of phyllode at its base, indistinct. Inflorescence simple, solitary in axil of phyllode, very rarely a specimens with all heads paired. Heads sessile (peduncle sometimes to 0.5 mm long, hairy), globular to subglobular, golden, 4-6 mm diam. when dry, 7-8 mm diam. when fresh, 12-20-flowered; /jrac/eo/e.v c. I mm long, dark coloured, acute or obtuse. Flowers A-merous, commonly resinous; sepals about half as long as petals, 3/4-united; lobes triangular, ± puberulous; petals free, elliptic, acute, glabrous, 1 -nerved. Ovary den.sely hairy. Pods linear, slightly raised over and slightly constricted between seeds, 2.5-5 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, mostly erect, very thinly coriaceous, straight to shallowly curved (valves curving more upon dehiscence), minutely appressed- puberulous on lateral faces, resinous especially when young, resembling the phyllodes when green, red-brown at maturity; margins broad but not thickened (in immature pods the margins appear to overgrow the lateral faces), commonly glabrous. Seeds longitudinal in pod, ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm long, 1-1.3 mm wide, I mm thick, glossy, moilletl dark brown on yellow-brown or brown-grey and with a dark brown peripheral nerve; pleurograin semicircular to U-shaped; areole small, pale; aril terminal, bluntly conic, as long or nearly as long as seed, white when fresh (drying a pale waxy yellow). Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 5.4 miles [8.6 km] E of East (Wheat) Bin, Hyden,M. Barrow M2'& (PERTH); 40 miles [64 km] E of Hyden, 7.5. Beard 3925 (PERTH); E of Gibb Rock, 7.5. Beard 5926 (PERTH); Lake Hurlstonc Nature Reserve, 9 km NW of Holt Rock on road to Hyden, B.R. Maslin 6373 A (G, PERTH, Z); Lake Hurlstone Nature Reserve, 9 km NW of Holt Rock on road to Hyden, B.R. Maslin 6485 (CANB, K, PERTH); NW corner of Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, J.G. & M.Il. Simmons2469 (PERTH). B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 477 Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia in two discontinuous areas — the Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve north-east ol Merrcdin; and (rom Gibb Rock to near Hyden and south-east to Lake Hurlstone. Habitat. Grows in gravelly loam in association with granite outcrops or along watercourses, in Melaleuca scrub, low heath or Eucalyptus stowardii and Alloca.marina campestris shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to September; mature pods collected from November to January. Conservation status. Although there are few collections, this species occurs in two nature reserves and is considered not under threat. Etymology. The name is derived from cracens, Latin for slender, graceful, in allusion to the very slender phyllodes. Ajfinities. Very closely related to /t. urcuatilis (see discussion under this species above). Forms of A. tratmanianu with short phyllodes could easily be confused with A. cracentis. Acacia filifolia Benth., London J. Hot. 1: 369 (1842). Type citation: Swan River, Drummond. Type: Western Australia, J. Drummond 156 (.syn: K); Swan River to King George Sound [Albany], Western Australia. J. Drurninond 302 (.syn: K, OXF, P). [A. ephedroides auct. non Meisn.: G. Bcntham, FI. Austral. 2: 400(1 %6A), pro parte, as to 7. Drummond 156.] Open, wispy shrub 1 .5-3 m tall, single-stemmed orsparingly branched at base. B ranchlets straight or slightly flexuose, silvery sericeous between the red-brown or yellowish resin-ribs at the sometimes sub-pendulous tips. Phyllodes quadrangular to subquadrangular, occasionally terete, sessile, (10)12-20(25) cm long. 0.7-1 mm wide, rather slender, ascending, shallowly to strongly incurved, sometimes irregularly sigmoid, glabrous (except appressed hairs at base), stmtetimes sparsely appressed- hairy between nerves; longitudinal nerves of uni form width and prominence (when phyllodes terete) or the nerve at each of the 4 angles more raised than the rest (when phyllodes quadrangular), broad, ± flat-topped and resinous, separaied by narrow, shallow, dark longitudinal furrows. Gland on upper surface of phyllode 1-6 mm above base. Inflorescence single or paired (rarely 4) in axil of phyllode. Heads sessile or on densely hairy peduncle to I mm long, sub-globular to obloid, densely 30-40-flowered. 6-12 mm long and 5-8 mm diam. when dry, golden; bracteoles acute. Flowers 4-merou.s; sepals I/2-3/4 length of petals, dissected for 1/2-3/4 their length; petals 1.5-2 mm long. Ovary tomentose. Pods linear, shtil lowly constricted between seeds and very slightly raised over them, 7-12 cm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, firmly chartaccous, straight to shallowly curved, densely appressed- hairy on faces; margins wide, glabrous, yellowish. Seed longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 3 mm long, shiny, grey-brown with brown mottling and a dark peripheral nerve; aril as long as seed, drying yellowish. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 5 km N of Wongan Hills on the road to Ballidu, B.R. Ma.slin 4970 ( BRI. CANB, K. MEL, MO, NY, PERTH); 6.9 km E of The Midlands Rd on South Waddy Rd, SE ofCoorow. I). Papenfiis DP454 (PERTH); 600 m S of Buntine-Marchagee Rd on Teasedale Rd, SE ofCoorow, D. Papenfus DP459 (PERTH); Wongan [Hills] township road to 478 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) airstrip, B.H. Smith 667 (PERTH); Reynoldsoivs Reserve (N of Wongan Hills), A.S. Weston 7386 (PERTH). Distribution. Scaltered and disconlinuous in south-west Western Australia from Coorow eastwards through Wongan Hills to near Burracoppin and Southern Cross. Habitat. Grows in yellow or brown sand over laterite mostly in scrub or heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded from May to September; mature pods collected in November. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora; Priority Three. Affinities. Closely related to A. aprica and /I. tratmaniana (see these species for discussion of differences). Also related to/t. merinthophura E. Pritz. which is readily recognized by its prominently flexuose branchlcts. Acacia isoneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman, sp. nov. Frutex ad 3 m altus. Ramuli versus apices sericei inter costas. Phyllodia teretia, grosse pungentia, 7-12(14) cm longa, 0.5-1. 2 mm lata; nervi 8, lati, aequales, costis vadosis angustis separati. Inflorescentia simplex, 1 vel 2 per axillam; capitula ± scssilia, obloidea ad breviter cylindrica. Flores 4-meri. Sepala l/2ad3/4unita. Legumen lineare ad submoniliforme, 3-6 cm longum, 2-2.5 mm latum. Semina longitudinalia, maculata. Typus: near Mingenew [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons]. Western Australia, 9 August 1970, B.R. Maslin 728 (hola: PERTH 00667919; iso: CANB, K, NY). Rounded or obconic shrub, dense or openly branched, 0.5-3 m tall, few-branched or multistemmed at base. Bark smooth except fissured on main stems (sometimes only at base) of mature plants, dark grey except stems of young plants and upper branches of mature plants red-grey. Branchlets silvery sericeous betw'een the rather fine yellow, light brown or red ribs towards apices, ageing glabrous. inconspicuous. terete. 7-1 2( 1 4) cm long, 0.5- 1.2 mmdiam., soft, flexible or rigid, ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, glabrous or sub-glabrous except appressed- puberulous when young and on upper surface at base of mature phyllodes, green to grey-green; longitudinal neives 8, of uniform width and prominence, broad (0. 2-0.3 mm wide), flat-topped or shallowly convex, not or .scarcely raised, separated by shallow, narrow yet distinct, dark longitudinal furrows; apex acute with a coarsely pungent or innocuous dark brown, straight or slightly curved point; pulvinus indistinct, yellowish Gland on upper surface of phyllode 0-3 mm above pulvinus, very indistinct, often obscured by hairs; phyllode sometimes slightly swollen about the gland Inflorescences simple, single or paired in axil of phyllode. Spikes obloid to shortly cylindrical, 8-15 mm long, 4-5 mm wide when dry, ± sessile (peduncle sometimes to 2 mm long, sericeous), 30— 40-flowered, golden; bracteoles spathulale, mostly c. 0.5 mm long, dark brown, ± puberulous abaxially, obtuse or acute. Flowers 4-merous; sepals 1/3-I/2 the length of the petals, dissected for 1/4-1/2 their length into triangular, normally ciholate lobes; calyx tube glabrous or sparsely puberulous; petals glabrous, nerveless or almost so. Ovary tomentose. Pods linear to sub-moniliform, moderately constricted between seeds, ± flat or shallowly raised over the seeds, straight to very shallowly curved, pendulous, 3-6 cm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, firmly chartaccous, reddish brown, minutely appressed-puberulous; margins somewhat broad (not thickened), glabrous. Seeds longitudinal in pod, ellipsoid to obloid- B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 479 ellipsoid, 2-3 min long, 1 .5 mm wide, shiny, grey-brown with few dark brown speckles or light brown mottled yellow; pleurogram U- or V-shapcd, open towards hilum, sometimes bordered by a narrow band of dark tissue; areole very small, 0,3-0, 5 x 0.2 mm; I’unicle filiform, short, expanded into a ± conical, folded, white (drying pale yellow) aril which is 1/2 or fully the seed length. Distribution. Occurs in the south-west o I Western Australia in the Mingenew and Three Springs areas (subsp, isoneura) and from near Wubin to Perenjori (subsp. nimia), about 60 km to the south-east. Affinities. Closely allied to /f. hopperiana MasVm which is most readily distinguished by its 10-nerved phyllodes and discoid seeds. Subspecies. Two allopatric subspecies are recognized, distinguished primarily by phyllode characters (see key above). The typical subspecies occurs further to the north-west than subsp. nimia. Acacia isoneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman subsp. isoneura Shrub 0.5-2 m tall. Pliyllocies soft and flexible, slender and filiform (0.5-0. 6 mm diam.); nerves 0.2 mm wide; apex innocuous to coarsely pungent. Spikes paired in axil of phyllode, rarely single. Seeds (few seen) light brown mottled yellow; pleurogram not bordered by dark tissue. Selected specimens examined . W'ESTERN AU.STRALIA [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons); near Mingenew, A.M. Ashby 4880 (AD. PERTH); near Three Springs, 28 Aug. 1972, C. Chapmans. n. (PERTH); near Mingenew, R. Cuveny 3079 (NSW, PERTH); B.R. MaslinM\l (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Restricted to the Mingenew and Three Springs areas. Habitat. Yellow, white or brown sand on slopesand tops oflow rises, in shrubland or roadside remnant. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Affinities. As discussed above, A. isoneura is closely related to A. hopperiana Maslin. In its slender, terete, multinerved phyllodes and sessile spikes, the new subspecies bears a superficial resemblance to A. coolgardiensis Maiden subsp. coolgardiensis which is most readily distinguished by its shorter spikes, 5-merous Rowers and terete pods. Acacia isoneura subsp. nimia Maslin & A.R. Chapman, subsp. nov. Phyllodia rigida, crassa (0.8- 1 .2 mm diam.); nervi 0.3 mm lati. InRorcscentiaspiciformis, solitaria, axillaris. Typus: 3 miles [4.8 km) south of Bunjil on the road to Latham, Western Australia, 9 August 1970, B.R. Maslin 740 (holo: PERTH 00657867: i.w: CANB, K). 480 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Shrub 1.5-3 m tall. Fhyllodes rigid, liiick (0.8-1 .2 mm diam.), coarsely pungent; nerves 0.3 mm wide. Spikes single in axil ol phyllodes. Seeds (one collection seen) grey-brown bespeckled dark brown; pleurogram bordered by a narrow band of dark-coloured tissue. Selected specimens examined. WHSTERN AUSTRALIA; 6.5 miles [ 1 0.5 km] from Perenjori on Three Springs road, I.B. Annitage 372 (PERTH); 1 .6 km S of Caron towards Wubin, B.R. Maslin 3177 (BM, BRI, MO, P, PERTH); 9 km S of Latham on road to Wubin, fi.R. Maslin 6434 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); E of Caron, F.W. Went 157 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs between Wubin and Perenjori. Habitat. Yellow sand in heath, scrub or tall shrubland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from August to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Etymology. The subspecific epithet is derived from the Latin riiniiiis (excessive or over-abundant), alluding to the broader phyllodes with wider nerves that help distinguish this subspecies from subsp. isoneura. Affinities. As discussed above, A. isoneura is closely related to A. hopperiana. In its rigid, terete, multinerved phyllodes and sessile spikes the new subspecies bears a superficial resemblance to A. cylindrica R.S. Cowan & Maslin which is most readily distinguished by its 16-nerved phyllodes (the nerves narrower, often of unequal width). Acacia lirellata Maslin & A.R. Chapman, sp. nov. Frutex ad 1 .5 m altus. Ramuli ± recti vel Ilexuosi, glabri vel minute adpresso-puberuli. Phyllodia teretia vel anguste linearia, 3- 1 3 cm longa, 0. 8-2.5 m lata, curvata ad circinata vel serpentina, glabra; nervi 8 (3 in quoque pagina phyllodiorum applunatorum), sulcis profundis longitudinalibus separati; pulvinus c. 1 mm longus, vel absens et itaque phy llodium dccurrens. Inflorcscentia simplex; capitula sessilia, subglobtilaris ad obloidea, raro cylindrica. Flores 4-meri. Calyx vadosc lobatus. Legumen moniliformis vel submoniliformis, ad 7 cm longum, 2-3 mm latum. Semina longitudinalia; arillus flavidus. Typus: 2 km east of Quairading towards Bruce Rock, Western Australia, 12 June 1976, B.R. Maslin 4163 {holo: PERTH 00156140; iso: CANB, K, NY). Dense, low, spreading, intricate, sometimes procumbent .v/iru/;, 0.3-1 ( 1 .5) m high, 1-3(4) m wide. Bark smooth, lissured at base, reddish-grey; branvhlets sub-straight to llexiiose, spreading to erect, ribbed, yellow-brown, glabrous or minutely appressed-puberulous. Stipules triangular, c. 1 mm long, red-brown, persistent. Phyllodes sometimes continuous with the branchlets but not forming cauline wings (subsp. lirellata), terete to quadrangular (subsp. lirellata) or Hat (subsp. compressa), 3-13 cm long, 0.8— 2(3) mm wide, thick, erect, curved to circinate or serpentinous, green or glaucous between nerves, glabrous; longitudinal neiyes^. prominent, 3-nervcd per face when phyllodes are flat, resinous and commonly of unequal width; on terete phyllodes the nerves separated by a deep longitudinal furrow (at least when dry); on flat phyllodes the midrib broader and more prominently raised than each B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 481 of the flanking nerves; apex innocuous to coarsely pungent, mucronate with a short dark brown point; pulvinusc. I mm long, yellow, wrinkled, or absent. G/and on upper margin of phyllodec. 1 mm above pulvinus, obscure. Inflorescences simple, 2(3) in axil of phyllode. Heads sessile, sub-globular to shortly obloid, rarely cylindrical, 5-7(15) mm long, 4-6 mm diam. when dry, sub-dense, golden. Bracteoles persistent, acute to acuminate or obtuse, very dark brown. Flowers 4-merous. Sepals 0.6-0. 8 mm long, c. 1/2 length ol petals, shallowly lobed, sparsely strigulose. Petals 1.5-2 mm long; nerves not evident. Ovary sessile, puberulous or hispidulous; style ± sub-lateral. Pods moniliform or sub-moniliform,4-8cm long, 2-3 mm wide, straight or loosely coiled, flat, firmly crustaceous or thinly coriaceous, brown, glabi ous or densely antrorsely strigulose; margins broad, yellow, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, obloid-ellipsoid, 2.5-3 mm long, 1 ,5—2 mm wide, c. I mm thick, dark brown , pleurogram fine, open towards hilum; areole oblong, t . 0,5 mm long. 0.2 mm widc;/Hmc/e short, filiform, straight, expanded into a terminal, yellowish (dry) aril. Distribution. Of scattered occurrence in the wheatbelt region of south-west Western Australia from between Coorow and Ballidu, south to Bruce Rock and Waterbidden Rock. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin diminutive of lira (a furrow), in allusion to the prominent longitudinal grooves that occur between the nerves on the phyllodes of this species. Affinities. Seemingly most closely related to A. coclilocarpa and A. tetraneura (see A. cochlocarpa for discussion). Subspecies. Two subspecies, subsp. lirellata and subsp. compressa, are recognized within A. lirellata and these can normally be readily distinguished by their phyllode and bracteole characters (see subspecies descriptions below and key above). Two specimens from the York-Quairading area, (I.B. Annitage 45 1 and J. Seubrook s.n., both PERTH), are atypical and appear to combine characters of both subspecies. Although subsp. lirellata is recorded for this area, subsp. compressa is currently not recorded there. Acacia lirellata Maslin & A.R. Chapman subsp. lirellata Phyllodes decurrent along branchlets but not forming cauline wings, epulvinate, not easily detatched and commonly persisting on lower branchlets after phyllodes have died, terete to quadrangular, or occasionally sub-flat (but then with a prominently raised central nerve which renders the phyllodes flattened-quadrangular in t.s.), often filiform. (5)6-13 cm long, 0.8-1 .5 mm wide, strongly curved to circinate or serpentinous. Bracteoles obtuse. Pods sub-moniliform. Selected .specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 5 km W of Quairading, P. Armstrong 84/90 (MO, PERTH); c. 152 mile peg Geraldton Highway [c. 19 km S of Coorow on The Midlands Rd], C. C/zfl/9mfl/)3(BRLCANB,MEL,NSW,PERTH);Tammin, I Sep. 1936, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] W of Quairading on road to York, B.R. Muslin 489 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 8 miles [13 km[ E of Norlham, K. Newhey 1937 (PERTH); private property, Edenvalc, D. Papenfus DP447 (PERTH); 5.2 km S along Old Telegraph Rd from Winchester East Rd, NE of Coorow, D. Papenfus DP458 (PERTH); 5 miles |8 km| S on Meckcring-York road, R.D. Royce 85 14 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia, in two discontinuous regions in the wheatbelt, the Coorow-Wathcroo area and c. 1 80 km to the south-east between Northam and Beverley and east to Tammin and Quairading. 482 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Red or brown sandy loam, clayey sand and gravel in heath or woodland. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to September; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Three. Ajfinities. Closely related to T. tetraneura whose terete phyllode forms could be confused with subsp. lirellata. Acacia tetraneura is most readily distinguished, however, by its 4-nerved, non-decurrent phyllodes and its conspicuous bracteoles. Subsp. lirellata is also related to A. aprica and A. arcuatilis but is easily distinguished from both by its decurrent, deeply furrowed phyllodes. Variation. The specimen Newbey 1937 is atypical in having flowers arranged in distinctly cylindrical spikes (all other specimens examined have sub-globular to obloid heads). Acacia lirellata subsp. compressa Maslin & A. R. Chapman, subsp. nov. Phyllodia non decurrentia, breviter pulvinata, anguste linearia, plana, raro compressa, 3-7 cm longa, 1. 5-2(3) mm lata, nervis 3 in quoque pagina. Typus: about 3 miles [5 km] north of Bruce Rock towards Merredin, Western Australia, 4 August 1971, B.R. Maslin 1773 (holo: PERTH 00156604; iso: CANB, G, K, NY). Phyllodes not decurrent, shortly pulvinate, flat, occasionally compressed, narrowly linear, 3-5(7) cm long, 1. 5-2(3) mm wide, shallowly to strongly incurved, 3-nerved per face with the midrib broader and more prominently raised than the flanking nerves. Bracteoles acute to acuminate. Pods moniliform. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Holleton Nature Reserve, c. 50 km ENE of Narembeen, K. Atkins 860901 (PERTH); Muntadgin, E.T. Bailey 54 (PERTH); 43.5 km from Wubin towards Wongan Hills, E.W. Canning WA/68 2902 (PERTH); c. 3 miles [5 km] N of Bruce Rock towards Merredin, B.R. Maslin 1776 (CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 1 km due S of Ballidu, P. Roberts 323 (PERTH); Hindmarsh rifle range, B.H. Smith 365 (AD, BRI, CBG, MEL, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in two discontinuous areas in the wheatbelt area of the south-west of Western Australia, near Ballidu and c. 1 80 km to the south-east between Wyalkatchem and Cunderdin and east to Bruce Rock and Waterbidden Rock. Habitat. In yellow, brown or white sand, loam or clay in open low scrub and heath. Phenology. Flowering recorded in May, June, August and September; mature pods collected in September. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The subspecific name is taken from the Latin compressus (flattened) and refers to the flattened phyllodes, a character which distinguishes this taxon from the typical subspecies. B.R. Maslin and A.R, Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 483 Ajfinities. Superficially resemblesA. cochlocarpasuhsp. ve/u/wo^a (as discussed under A. cochlocarpd). Acacia tetraneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman, sp. nov. Frutex 0. 3-0.4 m altus. Rainuli glabri vel versus apices parcc adpresso-puberuli. Phyllodia teretia vel plana, (2)3-7 cm longa, 1 ,5-3 m lata, rigida, recta, plerumque leviter incurva; nervi 4, prominentes, applanati, lati, resinosi. InHorescentia simplex; capitula ± sessilia, globosa ad breviter oblongoidea; bracteolae acLiminatac. Flores 4-meri. Scpala 1/2-2/3 unita. Legumen lineare. Semina non visa. Typus: south-east of Hyden [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 22 July 1989, B.R. Maslin 6372 (hoto: PERTH 0 1 00 1 442; iso: AD, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, Z). Low, spreading, shrub 0. 3-0.4 m tall, to 1 m across, ± flat-topped, circular in plane view, dividing at ground level into a number of main stems. Bark dark grey, finely longitudinally fissured at base of main stems, otherwise smooth. Branchlets glabrous or very sparsely spreading- or appressed- puberulous at the light brown, resin-ribbed (viscid when fresh) tips, glabrous and ribs absent or scarcely evident on mature branchlets. Stipules inconspicuous, triangular to deltate, c. 1 mm long, erect, dark brown to black, glabrous. Phyllodes narrowly linear (when terete) or linear to narrowly oblong (when flat), (2)3-7 cm long, 1 .5-3 mm wide, rigid, erect, mostly shallowly incurved although some straight, smooth, glabrous except for pulvinar region, ± glaucous (commonly drying green) between the greenish (drying yellow-green) nerves; longitudinal nerves 4, prominent, the nerves flat-topped, broad (0.5-1 mm wide) and resinous (viscid when fresh), on terete phyllodes the nerves alternating with 4 equally prominent (but commonly narrower) longitudinal furrows, on flat phyllodes the nerves forming a prominent raised midrib on each face and prominent upper and lower margins; lateral nerves absent or obscure; apical niiicro central or excentric, acute, hard, dark brown (colouring sometimes extending to lamina); pulvinus indistinct. 0.5—1 mm long, sub-smooth or obscurely transversely wrinkled, normally apprcssed-puberulous at least adaxially . Gland on upper margin of phyllode at or near distal end of pulvinus, very obscure. Inflorescence simple. Heads (1)2 per axil, sessile or on sparsely to densely puberulous peduncle to 1 mm long, globular to shortly obloid, 9 mm diam. when fresh, c. 5mm diam. when dry, 1 3-20- flowered, lightgolden; /;racreo/eA exserted in buds, 2 mm long; claw very short; lamina ± narrowly trullate, acuminate, shallowly concave towards base, sparsely ciliolate, sometimes puberulous abaxially at base, dark brown to blackish. Flowers 4-merous, sepals c. 2/3 length of petals, dissected for 1/3-1 /2 their length into triangular, sparsely ciliolate lobes which are commonly brown at their tips; calyx tube broadly obconic, truncate at base, yellow, glabrous to sub-glabrous, petals c. 2 mm long, glabrous, obscurely 1 -nerved. B ods (immatui e and dehisced valves) linear, 2—5 cm long, 3 mm wide, coriaceous-crustaccous, curved and slightly twisted, raised over seeds and shallowly constricted between them, glabrous, dark brown, sub- winged due to prominent, broad (1 mm wide), yellow to light brown margins. Seeds (immature) longitudinal in pod. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA (precise localities withheld for conservation reasons]: E of Pingaring, A. S. George 9338 (CBG, MO, PERTH); Bruce Rock area, B.R. Maslin 1801 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); Ironcaps area, R.M. Buehrig 93. 1 1 .4. 1 5 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in south-west Western Australia from the three disjunct areas cited above which occur in the central and south-eastern wheatbelt region over a distance of about 150 km. Habitat. Grows in brown sandy loam, grey loam or yellowish-brown clay over or with laterite on the slopes of low rises in heath. 484 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Flowering period. Flowering recorded in late May, July and August. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes Tor Western Australian Flora; Priority One. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Greek tetra (four) and neuron (nerve) and refers to the characteristic 4-nerved phyllodes. Ajfinities. Acacia tetraneura is a very distinctive species on account of its low-spreading, ± flat-topped growth habit, ± sessile heads with 4-merous ITowers, dark brown , acuminate bracteoles that are exserted in the buds, and linear pods with broad margins. Furthermore, the new species has a very distinctive phyllode nervation which alone distinguishes it from relatives such as A. cochlocarpa and A. lirellata. The phyllode nerves (but not the phyllode form) are remarkably similar to those of A. sciophanes Maslin, a species readily distinguished by its taller, wispy habit, pendulous, flexuose branchlets, pedunculate heads of 5-merous flowers and longer, terete pods (Maslin 1977: 153). Variation. There is variation both within and between populations in the phyllode length and cross sectional shape; however, current evidence suggests that the recognition of infraspecific taxa is not warranted. For example, plants from south-east of Hyden (the type population) have terete to slightly compressed phyllodes about 1 .5 mm wide and mostly 4-5 cm long, although a few phllodes may reach 7 cm. Plants from the Bruce Rock population, on the other hand, have clearly Battened phyllodes 2-3 mm wide and 2-4 cm long. This degree of variation can occur m a single population; for example, Buehrig 93.1 1.4.10 has specimens with both terete and sub-flattened phyllodes. Acacia tratmanianaW.Filzg., 7. West Australian Nat. Hist. Soc. 1 : 8 (1904). Type: Cunderdin, Western Australia, August 1 903, W. V. Fitzgerald s.n. {hob: PERTH 00774200; iso: K, PERTH 00774 197): see Maslin & Cowan (1994a) for discussion of types. Dense shrub, rounded or obconic, multi-stemmed, 0. 6-3(4) m tall. Bark smooth except fissured at base of main stems (rarely the branches) on oldest plants, commonly grey on main stems and red- brown on upper branches. New shoots resinous. Branchlets erect, straight, silvery sericeous between the red-brown or yellow resin-ribs. Stipules not seen. Phyllodes quadrangular, (2.5)4-8(l l)cm long, 0. 5-0.7 mm wide, slender, ascending to erect, shallowly to moderately incurved, ± sparsely appressed- puberulous (especially when young) becoming glabrous, often resinous (but not vi.scid), green to grey- green; with a ± flat-topped, equally broad, raised longitudinal nen’e along each angle; nerve on each intervening four faces often not evident (represented by a broad, shallow longitudinal furrow) but when evident these are less raised and commonly narrower than those on angles (all 8 nerves then separated by narrow, shallow, dark longitudinal furrows); a/icx acute to shortly acuminate, innocuous to coarsely pungent, dark, incurved, shortly pungent; pulvinus indistinct, c. I mm long, yellow-brown. Gland on upper surface of phyllode 1 (-2) mm above base, obscure. Inflorescences simple, single or paired in axil of phyllode. Heads sessile, globular to sub-globular or sometimes obloid, 13-24(28)-flowered, 4-7 mm long, 4-7 mm wide, sub-dense, bright golden: buds resinous; bracteoles c. 1 mm long, dark brown, obtuse to acute. Flowers 4-merous; sepals 1/3- 1/2 length of petals, dissected for c. 1/2 their length into triangular lohes; petals 1 .2-1.8 mm long. Ovary tomentose; style sub-lateral. Pods linear, 4-8 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, moderately constricted between seeds, flat but very slightly raised over seeds, thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, straight to shallowly curved, glabrous or minutely antrorsely strigulose, brown; margins yellowish; often rather broad (but not thickened). Seeds longitudinal in pod, obloid-ellipsoid. 2.5-3 mm long, 1 .5-2 mrn wide, 1-1 .5 mm thick, shiny, light brown or greyish with dark brown motthngs; pleurograni fine, open at hilar end; areole very small, 0.3 mm long. B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman, Acacia miscellany 19 485 0.2-0. 3 mm w\de-',fiiiiicie lililorm, expanded into a folded, terminal, white (drying dull yellowish) aril which is almost as long as the seed. Selected specimens examined. W'BSTRRN AUSTRALIA: E of Ogilvie which is 1 5 miles [24 km] N of Northampton, /\.C. Burns 2 \ (NSW, PERTH); Great Eastern Highway, 5 miles [8 km] W of Hines Hill, A.S. George 2662 (PERTH); 28 miles [45 km] SE of Quairading on the road to Corrigin, B.R. Maslin 499 (CANB, PERTH); 0.8 km E of Kununoppin towards Nungarin, B.R. Maslin 3409 (DNA, NSW, PERTH); about 1 km S of Hotham River crossing towards Katanning, B.R. Maslin 3760 (BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 2. 1 km E of Kununoppin on the road to Nungarin, 5. A7aj/(>;.5318 (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in the south-west of Western Australia in an area from near Wongan Hills south to Pingelly and east to Mukinbudin and Hyden with disjunct populations in the Geraldton area in the north and Boyup Brook in the south. Habitat. Grows on yellow or brown sand, lateritic gravel, clay or brown loam on flats, sides of hills or granite outcrops in scrub, shrubland or roadside regrowth. Phenology. Flowering recorded from July to October; mature pods collected in December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Affinities. Until recently, /I. tratmaniana was placed under A. filifolia (see above) which is readily distinguished by its larger heads with more numerous flowers and longer, stouter phyllodes that are more widely spaced along the branchlets. The short-phyllode variant of A. tratmaniana can easily be confused with A. cracentis. Variation. A few flowering specimens with unusually short phyllodes (2.5-4 cm long) have been collected from near Hines Hill, Muntadgin, Hyden and Corrigin (e.g. B.R. Maslin 499, M.H. Simmons 1318, both PERTH). These closely resemble A, cracentis but arc distinguished most readily by their quadrangular phyllodes with a broad nerve along each angle. Further studies are needed to determine the status of this short phyllode variant of A. tratmaniana and to re-examine its relationship with A. cracentis. .Acknowledgements Alex George prepared the Latin diagnoses and provided editorial assistance. TerenaLally provided competent technical assistance. Financial support for this project was provided by the Australian Biological Resources .Study, Canberra. The work was conducted at the Western Australian Herbarium, Perth. References Marchant, N.G. (1990). The Wcslcni Auslralian collecting localities ot .I.A.L. Preiss. In: .Short, P.S. (ed.) “History of systematic botany in Australasia”, pp. 191 '1.9.5 (Australian .Systematic Botany Society: Melbourne). Maslin, B.R. (1977), Studies in the genus Acacia (Miniosaccae) 6. Miscellany. Nuytsia 2: 14.5-161. 486 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994). C.F. Meissner’s species of Acacia (Lxguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 399-414. Maslin, B.R. & Cowan, R.S. (1994a). William Vincent Fitzgerald’s species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): typification of the names. Nuytsia 9: 387-398. Maslin, B.R. & Stirton, C.H. (1998 [1997 in publication]). Generic and infrageneric classification in Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae): a list of cntical species on which to build a comparative data set. Bulletin of the International Group for the Study of Mimosoideae 20: 22-44. Pedley, L. (1978). A revision of Acacia Mill, in Queensland. Austrobaileya 1: 75-234. Tindale, M.D. (1980). Notes on Australian taxa of Acacia No. 7. Telopea 2: 113-125, Nuytsia 12(3):487-491(1999) 487 Acacia miscellany 20. Descriptions of three new Western Australian species oi Acacia section Juliflorae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) A.R. Chapman and B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Chapman A.R. and Maslin, B.R. Acacia miscellany 20. Descriptions of three new Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12(3): 487-491 (1999). Descriptions are provided for A. g/oeofne/za A.R. Chapman & Maslin, A. incanicarpa A.R. Chapman & Maslin and A. subsessilis A.R. Chapman & Maslin. Introduction Three new Western Australian species ol'Acac/a Mill. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)-A.g/oeotnc/ta, A. incanicarpa &nd A. subsessilis -arc described . All are referable to Acada section iM/iyZorae(Benth.) C. Moore & Betche. This is the final paper in a series commenced eight years ago (Cowan (&. Maslin 1990), dealing with the taxonomy of Australian species of Acacia prior to their presentation in “Flora of Australia” Volumes 1 1 A and I I B. New species Acacia gloeotricha A.R. Chapman & Maslin, sp.nov. Ramuli hispiduli, praccipue pilis glandiferis. Phyllodia anguste elliptica, asymmetrica, 5-9 cm longa, 8-18 mm lata, glanduloso-hispidula; venae longitudinales multae, 3-5 quam aliae prominentiores, vents minoribus approximatis, parce anastomo.santibus; stipulae persistentes; glans basalis. Inflorescentiae simplices, plerumque 2 per axillum. Pedunculi 7-15 mm longi, glanduloso- hispiduli. Spicae c. 4 cm longae. Flores 5-meri. Sepala ad basin unita. Petala hispidula. Legumen lineare, 3-5 mm latum, glanduloso-hispidulum, marginibus crassis, pallidis. Semina longitudinalia, late ellipsoidea, 4.5 mm longa. Typus: King Leopold Range [precise locality withheld for conservation reasons], Western Australia, 26 June 1976, A. C. Beauglelwle 539\2 (holo: PERTH 00512168; iso: BRI, PERTH 00938653). 488 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Openly branched shrub to 4 m tall. Branchlets finely ribbed, densely glandular-hispidulous (hairs very short, straight, patent and gland-lipped), yellow-brown ageing grey. Stipules triangular, 1.5-1. 7 mm long, 0.8-1 mm wide, ± scarious, sparsely fimbriolate, dark red-brown, persistent. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic, somewhat asymmetric (lower margin ± straight, upper margin convex), 5-9 cm long, 8-18 mm wide, l:w = 4-9, thinly coriaceous, erect, densely glandular-hispidulous (hairs very short, straight, patent and gland-tipped), grey-green; longitudinal nerves numerous, with 3-5 raised and more prominent than the rest (the central nerve the most pronounced), minornerves close together and ± sparingly anastomosing, all free to base or sometimes the lowermost (including the central nerve) concurrent with lower margin for a short distance above pulvinus; apex acute with a darker, llaltened mucro; pulvinus c. 2 mm long, finely wrinkled, yellow'. Gland normally not prominent, situated on upper margin of phy llode at distal end of pulvinus or to I mm above it. Inflorescence simple, initiated on actively expanding new' shoot, ( 1 )2(3) per phyllode axil but sometimes phyllodes failing to develop at the terminal nodes (in which case the conflorescence appears falsely racemose);perfimc/ej 7-15 mm long, densely glandular-hispidulous (hairs very short, straight, patent and gland-tipped). S/rite bright golden, c. 4 cm long, 4-6 mm wide when dry, the llowers sub-densely airanged; persistent, spathulate, 0.8-1 mm long, c. 0.2 mm wide, incurved at apex, puberulous, light-brown. Flowers 5-meroLis; sepals united at base, c. 1 mm long, c. 2/3 length of petals, narrowly linear, incurved at apex, hispidulous; petals c. 1 .5 mm long, united for c. 1/2 their length, hispidulous. Ovary sessile, densely appressed- hairy ; style sub-lateral. Pods linear, prominently raised over seeds on both sides and shallowly constricted between them, 5-9 cm long, 3-5 mm wide, crustaceous, straight to shallowly curved, glandular-hispidulous, viscid; margins thickened, pale. Seeds longitudinal in pod, widely ellipsoid, c. 4.5 mm long, c. 3.5 mm wide, turgid, somewhat shiny, black; pleurogram continuous; areole elliptic, c. 1.5 mm long, shallowly raised, pale yellow-brown, bordered by a distinctly raised rim; funicle/aril broad, fleshy, terminal, white. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA, King Leopold Range [precise localities withheld for conservation reasons): A.C. Beauglehole 53862 (BRI, K, PERTH); A.C. Beauglehole 53926 (BRI, PERTH); T. Willing 464 (CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in northern Western Australia where it is known only from the King Leopold Range. Habitat. Sand over sandstone in hummock grassland. Phenology. Flowering recorded in June; mature pods collected in August. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Greek gloeo- (a sticky substance) and trichos (hair), in reference to the conspicuous glandular hairs on the branchlets, phyllodes, peduncles and pods. Affinities. Acacia gloeotricha superficially resembles the widespread northern Au.stralian species A. stipuligera F. Mucll. in phyllode shape and size, the persistent stipules, spicate inflorescences and long, linear pods. A. stipuligera is readily distinguished by its non-glandular indumentum, shorter peduncles (1-5 mm long), densely pubescent pods, brown seeds, and by the minor nerves of its phyllodes forming a more obvious reticulum. Seed characters suggest that A. gloeotricha has some affinities to northern Australian species such as A. lysiphloia F. Muell. and A. trachycarpa E. Pritz. which are characterized by their ‘minni ritchi' bark. Although the latter two species are viscid plants, neither has a glandular-hispidulous indumentum. Bark characters are unknown for A. gloeotricha. A.R. Chapman and B.R. Maslin, Acacia miscellany 20 489 Acacia incanicarpa A.R. Chapman & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex 1-2.5 ni alius. Ramuli incani, sacpc furf'uracei. Phyllodia oblanceolata ad anguste oblonga vel elliptica, obtusa, 4-9 cm longa, 7-14 mm lata, coriacea, inter venassericea,argenteo-viridia, venis multis, subtilibus, arete parallelis, non-anastomosantibus, venis marginalibus flavis (juvenilibus rufo- resinosis). Inflorcscentia simplex, uniceps. Pedunculi 2-3 mm longi. Spicaeoblongoideaeadbreviter cylindraceae. Flores 5-meri. Sepala per2/3-3/4 longitudinis unita, lobis late triangularibus. Legumen lineare, ad 10 cm longum. 4-5 mm latum, rectum, incanum. Semina longitudinalia. Typus: Frenchman Peak (ea.st ol Esperancc), Western Australia, 30 December 1 983, B.R. Maslin 5545 {holo: PERTH 00161845; iso: CANS, G, K, MEL, NY). Rounded orobconic bushy shrub 1-2.5 m tall, 2. 5-3(6) m wide. Bark grey, longitudinally fissured at base of main trunks, smooth on branches. Branchlets ribbed, hoary (the hairs straight, closely appressed and silvery white), red-brown but often scurfy at tips, becoming glabrous and grey with age. Stipules not seen, no obvious scars apparent. Phyllodes oblanceolate to narrowly oblong or narrowly elliptic, 4-7. 5(9) cm long, 7-14( 16) mm wide, I ;w = 4-7, coriaceous, ascending to erect, sericeous (hairs confined to between the nerves with age), silvery grey green; longitudinal nerves numerous, parallel (not anastomosing), fine and close together, resinous on young phyllodes, the central nerve and occasional ly I or 2 olhers slightly more evideni than the rest; marginal nerves yellow, often white- scurfy, reddish and resinous on young phyllodes; apex ± obtuse, commonly with a very small, blunt, red-brown mucro; pulvinus c. 2 mm long, sericeous. Gland obscure or absent. Inflorescence simple, commonly solitary in axil of phyllode, sometimes an immature bud present with the head at anthesis (2 heads in I axil at anthesis have not been observed); peduncles 2-3 mm long, sericeous but indumentum often obscured by resin; basal peduncular bract single, ovate, 1—1 .4 mm long, 0.6-1 mm wide. Spikes oblongoid to shortly cylindrical, 7-10 mm long and 4-5 mm wide (dry), to 10 mm long and 7 mm wide (fresh), interrupted, c. 20-flowered, light golden; young buds resinous; receptacle sericeous, the indumentum often obscured by resin; hracteoles persistent, ovate, 0. 6-0.8 mm long, 0.4-0. 6 mm wide, sericeous, light-brown. F/ovvcnv5-merous;i'epa/.v0.8-l.l mm long, 1/3-1/2 length of petals, dissected for 1/4- 1/3 their length into broadly triangular lobes, sericeous; petals 2-2.2 mm long, united for 1 /3-1/2 their length, nerveless, the lobes recurved. Ovary’ sessile, sericeous; style sub- lateral. Pods linear, 5-9( 1 0) cm long, 4-5 mm wide, with up to 8 seeds per pod, firmly crustaceous, erect to patent, straight, smooth, hoary with minute, appressed, silvery hairs, dark brown. Seeds longitudinal in pod, obloid-ellipsoid, 3-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, 1-2 mm thick, glossy, dark brown with a lighter grey-brown patch on each face larger than the areole; pleurogram fine, grey-brown, oblong-elliptic, open 0.5 mm at hilar end: areole 1.5 mm long, 0.5-0. 8 mm wide;/Mm'c(e laterally compressed, expanding into a terminal, creamy-yellow (dry) or white (fresh) aril. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Hill 49, Cape Le Grand National Park, R.J. Cranfield 1374 (PERTH); Frenchman Peak, Cape Le Grand National Park, R. Gumming 1157 (PERTH); Mt Le Grand, T. 5. George 222 \ (PERTH); just N ofThistle Cove, Cape Le Grand National Park, A.S. George 7488 (CANB. PERTH); 3 km N of Ml Le Grand, Cape Le Grand National Park, K. Newbey 8201 (PERTH); Cape Le Grand National Park, 4. Strid2\ 174 (AD, CANB, MEL, NSW, PERTH); Cape Le Grand National Park, A.S. Weston 7169 (PERTH); Cape Le Grand National Park, A.A We.ston 7233 (CANB, PERTH); Ml Le Grand, c, 25 km SEofEsperance, P.G. Wilson55>i2 (PERTH). Distribution. Occursinsouth-westofWesiern Australia where it is endemic in Cape Le Grand National Park, south-east of Esperancc. 490 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. Grows in pockets of loamy sand on granitic slopes and ridges in thicket dominated by Melaleuca globifera, heath and scrub. Phenology. Flowering recorded in January, April, November and December; mature pods collected in November and December. Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority One. Etymology. Thespeciesnameisderivedfrom the Latin wcarutf (quite grey, hoary) and the Greek (fruit) and refers to the obvious hoary indumentum of the pods. Affinities. Acacia tarculensis J. Black in South Australia resembles A. incanicarpa with respect to phyllode shape and texture, indumentum, and inlloresccnce structure, but differs in having shorter phyllodes (2.5-5. 5 cm long) with red, resinous margins, longer spikes (1.5-2. 5 cm long), free sepals, and larger, strongly curved pods c. 1 cm wide with larger, oblique seeds (7.5 x c. 5 mm). Acacia subsessilis A.R. Chapman & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutex 1-2 m altus. Ramuli lenticellularcs, glabri. Phyllodia anguste linearia vel lineari- triangularia vel angustissime elliptica, 1-3 cm longa, 0.8-1. 5 mm lata, pungentia, glabra, nervis 8, 3inquoquepagina; glansO-1 mm supra pulvinum inserta. Inflorcsccntia simplex, 1 vel2peraxillum. Spicae oblongoidae vel cylindricae, 7-15 mm longae. Flores 5-meri. Sepalaper 1/4-1/5 longitudinis unita. Legumcn submonili forme, 5-8 cm longum, 5-6 mm latum, tenuitercoriaceum vel crustaceum. Semina longitudinalia, 3.5-4 mm longa. Typus: 0.5 km north of Fields Find road sign at Fields Find, Western Australia, 21-23 July 1982, R.J. Gumming 2018 (/lo/o.- PERTH 00154709; iso: CANB, G, K, MEL). Rounded or obconic, straggly, spreading shrub 1 -2 m tall, sparsely branched at ground level. Bark grey, fibrous at base of trunks, smooth and grey-brown on branches. Branchlets marked with raised scars where phyllodes have fallen. Icnlicellular, glabrous, red-brown. Stipules normally caducous. Phyllodes narrowly linear or (broadest phyllodes) linear-triangular or very narrowly elliptic, flat or (when very narrow) almost terete. 1-3 cm long, 0.8-1 .5 mm wide, rigid, patent to slightly reclined, glabrous, light-green or subglaucous; nerves 8 in all, 3 per face when phyllodes flat, raised, yellow- green; apex narrowed to a fine, pungent, needle-like, dark brown Up; pulvinus much-reduced, 0.5-1 mm long, represented by a narrow band of yellowish tissue at base of lamina. Gland not prominent, 0-1(2) mm above pulvinus, elliptic-ovate, 0.3-0. 4 mm long, 0.2 mm wide, dark. Inflorescence simple, I or 2 in axil of phyllode; spikes oblongoid to cylindrical, 7-15 mm long, 4-6 mm wide when dry, golden, sub-densely tlowered; peduncles (2)3-5(6) mm long, glabrous or sparsely puberulous; basal peduncular bract often persistent, broadly ovate, 0.6-0.7 mm long and wide, glabrous except for minutely fimhriolate margin, dark brown, firaefeo/e^ sub-persistent, peltate; claw narrowly linear; lamina broadly ovate, c. I mm long, 0.6— 0.7 mm diam., brown, glabrous except for minutely fimbriolate margin. Flowers 5-merous; sepals 1-1.3 mm long, 1/2-2/3 length of petals, divided for 1/4-I/5 their length into broad lobes; calyx tube sparsely puberulous; petals 1 .6-1 .9 mm long, united for c. 2/3 their length, with a fine central nerve. Ovary ses.sile, glabrous; style sub-lateral. Pods sub-moniliform, ± shallowly raised over seeds, shallowly to moderately constricted between them, 5-8 cm long, 5-6 mm wide, thinly coriaceous to thinly crustaceous, sub-straight to shallowly curved, glabrous, dark reddish brown, lightly pruinose. Seeds (very few seen, slightly immature) A.R. Chapman and B.R. Maslin, Acacia niisccllany 20 491 longitudinal in pod, ellipsoid, 3.5-4 mm long, c. 2,5 mm wide, ± shiny, black; aril small, terminal, ± conical, cream. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Yalgoo, W.E. Blackall 490 (PERTH - 2 sheets); Fields Find, W.M.B. Carr UWA 1 033 (BRI, MO, PERTH); 2.6 miles [4.2 km] E of Yalgoo, R.J. Cumining 1978 (CANB, NSW, PERTH); N of Fields Find, NW of Paynes Find, 12 July 1966, D. Hardy s.n. (PER'l’H); between Ninghan Station and Fields Find, fi.R.Mai/m 4246 (CANB, PERTH); 14 km E of Yalgoo and 1.5 km N of the Yalgoo-Mount Magnet road on track into quarry, 5. Pam'cL SP 2266 (PERTH); Ninghan Station, 9.2 km N of Great Northern Highway on Warriedar Rd, E side of road, S. Patrick & A. Brown SP 236 1 ( PERTH); W side of Yalgoo-Jingamarraroad, c. 9 km N of turnoff to Noongal Station, S. Patrick & M. Meinema SP 2895A (PERTH). Distribution. Occurs in thesouth-westofWcstern Australia from the Yalgoo area to just south of Fields Find, with a further population near Mt Farmer. Habitat. Grows in shallow red loam or clay, often on rocky slopes, in open low scrub. Associated species include Acacia grasbyi, A. tetragonophylla, A. c/uadrimarginea and A. ramulosa. Phenology. Flowering recorded from June to August; mature pods (mostly dehisced but with a very few near-mature seeds remaining) collected in February, Conservation status. CALM Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora: Priority Two. Etymology. The species name is taken from the Latin sessilis (destitute of a stalk) with the prefix sub- (somewhat, less than), in reference to the very poorly developed pulvinus, the phyllodes appearing subsessilc. Affinities. Close relatives of this new species are not readily apparent, but in the pungent, ± sessile, 8-nerved phyllodes it has a superficial resemblance to A. colletioides Benth. and A. chapmanii R.S. Cowan & Maslin subsp. chapmanii. These two taxa are readily distinguished from A. subsessilis by their globular to sub-globular heads, consistently terete phyllodes and strongly curved to openly coiled pods. Acacia colletioides is further distinguished by its phyllodes being positioned on discrete, raised stem projections and its bright yellow seed aril, and A. chapmanii subsp. chapmanii by its persistent, ± spinose stipules and narrower pods (2.5-3 mm wide). Acknowledgements Alex George provided the Latin descriptions and editorial assistance. Terena Lally provided competent technical assistance. Financial support for this project was provided by the Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. The work was conducted at the Western Australian Herbarium, Perth. Reference Cowan, R.S. & Maslin, B.R. ( 1990 ). Acacia niiscellaiiy I. Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Leguminosae; Mimosoi(Jeae: Section Pliirinervcs) from Western Australia. Nuyt.iia 7: 183-199. 492 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Nuytsia 12(3):493(1999) 493 SHORT COMMUNICATIONS Acacia amputata, a new Western Australian species in section Pulchellae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) Acacia pulchella R. Br., as defined by Maslin (1975), was excessively polymorphic, and even though A. fagonioides Benih. was subsequently removed (Maslin 1979) it remained a broadly circumscribed taxon. The status of A. pulchella was re-assessed during the preparation of an account of Acacia Mill. (Leguminosae; Mimosoideae) for “Flora of Australia”. The acquisition of much new material, especially fruiting specimens, greatly aided this task. It is now seen that A. pulchella var. subsessilis differs significantly from the other varieties in its carpological features, as well as in inflorescence and vegetative characters. For these reasons it is now considered best to treat it at specific rank. The new species belongs to sect. Pulchellae (Benth.) Taub. Acacia amputata Maslin, nom. et stat. nov. Based on Acacia pulchella var. subsessilis Maslin, Nuytsia 1 : 406, figs 4P-S & map 2 (1975). Type: Kukerin, Western Australia, 2 September 1 934, C.A. Gardner s.n. {holo: PERTH 00768987 ; iso: CANB, K). Conservation status. Widespread, not under threat. Etymology. The epithet is from the Latin amputo (to cut away, lop off, shorten), in allusion to the characteristically short peduncles. Affinities. The carpological features that clearly distinguish A. amputata from A. pulchella include the following: pods to 15 mm long and undulate to circinate; seeds transverse to oblique and mottled. In A. pulchella the pods are 1.5-5 cm long and flat or only slightly undulate; seeds longitudinal and not mottled. Inflorescence characters which generally distinguish the new species from A. pulchella include its very short peduncles and heads of 10-20 Bowers. An uncommon variant of A. pulchella var. pulchella from the Busselton-Albany area (to the west of the range of A. amputata) has similar inflorescences but it isrecognized by its green pinnules, longerglands (1-2 mm), slender spines, aristate bracteoles, longitudinal and non-mottlcd seeds, and usually longer pods (> 15 mm). Vegetatively A. amputata is similar to the inland variant of A. pulchella var. glaberrima Meisn. (fide Maslin 1975: 403) which has a similar distribution, at least for part of its range. These two taxa have numerous, prominent axillary spines and particularly small leaves, however, the new species is distinguished, in addition to the characters given above, by its hairy branchlets and acute to shortly acuminate, dark brown bracteoles. There is a suggestion that these taxa may hybridize in the Lake Grace district (e.g. K. Newbey 9485-1 , PERTH). References Maslin, B.R. (1975). .Studies in the genus Acacia (Miinosaceae) - 4. A revision of the series Pulchellae. Nuytsia 1: 388-492. Maslin, B.R. (1979). Studies in the genus Acacia (Mimosoideae) - 9. Additional notes on the series Pulchellae Benth. Nuytsia 2: 354-367. B.R. Maslin Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 494 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Nuytsia 12(3):495-496(1999) 495 Acacia hopperiana sp. nov. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) Ab Acacia isoneura Maslin et A.R. Chapman phyllodiis 10-ncrvibus, glande 10-60 mm supra pulvinum posita, legumine griseo-brunneo, et seminibus obloideo-cilipsoidalibus vel discoideo, differt. Typus: 44 km north of Murchison River on North West Coastal Highway, Western Australia, 3 August 1974, B.R. Maslin 3650 {holo: PERTH 00658340; iso: CANB, K, MEL -all distributed as A. isoneura subsp. nimia). Dense, domed or obconic shrub I -3 m tall and 1 -4 m across, occasionally a tree to 4 m tall, single- or multi-stemmed at ground level; crown rounded. Bark longitudinally fissured, fibrous and dark grey at base of main stems on oldest plants otherwise smooth and dark grey or reddish grey. Branchletscreci, straight, red-brown (yellow-orange at extremities), terete but marked with fine, yellow or reddish ribs, silvery sericeous between ribs (hairs short, straight, closely appressed) but normally soon glabrous. Stipules inconspicuous, 0.5-1 mm long, scarious, red-brown. Phyllodes terete, 6-14 cm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, sub-rigid, straight to shallowly incurved, ascending to erect, light green, appressed- puberulous when young, glabrous or with hairs confined to furrows between nerves when mature; longitudinal neives 1 0, of uniform width (0. 2-0.3 mm wide) and prominence, llat-topped or shallowly convex, each separated by a very narrow, shallow, dark longitudinal furrow; apex acute, innocuous to coarsely pungent, dark brown; pulvinus 1-2 mm long, often indistinct being encrusted with resin, yellow to light orange, densely appressed-hairy on upper surface. Gland inconspicuous, sometimes absent, on upper surface of phyllode 10-60 mm above pulvinus. Inflorescence simple, 1 or 2 per axil; peduncles 1 -2 mm long, often obscured by stamens at anthesis so that spike appears sessile, appressed- hairy; basal peduncular bracts caducous, c. 1 mm long. Spikes 10-20(25) mm long, 4-7 mm wide, sub-denscly Oowered, golden; hracteoles persistent, spathulate, 0.6-0. 8 mm long. F lowers 4-memus- calyx gamoscpalous, 1/4- 1/2 length of corolla, dark brown, sub-glabrous to moderately puberulous, dissected for 1/4-1/2 its length into triangular lobes; corolla 1.4-2 mm long, glabrous; petals obscurely I -nerved. Pot/.? 5-9 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, pendulous, Hat, moderately to deeply constricted between seeds and scarcely raised over them, thinly coriaccous-crustaceous to firmly chartaceous, straight to shallowly curved, greyish brown, glabrous or minutely antrorsely strigulose; margins narrow, thickened, yellow to light brown. Seeds longitudinal m pod, obloid/ellipsoid or discoid, 2-3 mm long, 1 .5-2 mm wide, compressed (c. 1 mm thick), glossy, light brown or grey-brown mottled pale yellow, or greyish mottled dark brown; pleurogram fine, U- or V-shaped with a wide opening towards hilar end; arcolc small, ().3-0.5 mm long, c. 0.2 mm wide; funicle filiform expanded into an obvious, ± conical, folded, white aril which commonly readily detaches from seed. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 22.8 km S ol Billabong Roadhouse, North West Coastal Highway, .W,E. Ballingall 1 894 (PERTH); Winchester area, 19 Aug. 1972, C Chapman s.n. (PERTH 00656836); 70 km N of Northajnpton, R. Hnutiuk 760473 (PERTH); Coorow, late Nov. 1 979, B. Jack s.n. (PERTH 00657255); 45 km N of Murchison River, North West Coastal Highway, B.R. Maslin3345 (CANB.G, K, NY, PERTH); BuntineRock.NNW ofWubin, fi./?. Maslinl605 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH) and S.D. Hopper 8337 (BRI, NSW). Distribution. South-west Western Australia where it occurs between Carnamah and Watheroo, at Buntine Rock (about20 km north of Wubin), and north of Geraldton from Nerren Nerren Station south to about 10 km north of the Murchison River. 496 Nuyt.sia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Habitat. North of the Murchison River /4. hopperiana grows in yellow or reddish sand on plains or in the swales between sanddunes; around Coorow it occurs in yellow sand, and at Buntine Rock it grows in gritty loam on the soil apron that fringes the rock. Phenology. Flowering specimens have been collected from late July to September. Pods with mature seeds have been collected from mid-November to mid-December. Conservation status. Not under threat. Etymology. This attractive new species is named for Stephen D. Hopper, Chief Executive Officer of Kings Park and Botanic Garden and, more importantly, my respected colleague whose scientific research over the past more than 20 years has contributed so much to the understanding of the Western Australia flora. Affinities. Acacia hopperiana is a member of Acacia section Juliflorae. It is closely related to A. isoneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman (Maslin & Chapman 1 999) and care is needed not to confuse the two. Characters shared by these two species include their sericeous, finely ribbed branchlets; long, terete, multi-nerved phyllodes (nerves ± broad and of uniform width and prominence); axillary spikes on very short peduncles; 4-mcrous llowers with agamosepalous calyx; and long, narrow, thin-textured pods with ± obscurely mottled seeds. Acacia isoneura is most reliably distinguished from A. hopperiana by its 8-ncrvcd phyllodes with the (obscure) gland situated 0-3 mm above the pulvinus, reddish brown pods and ellipsoid to obloid-ellipsoid seeds (never discoid). The most reliable way of counting nerve numbers accurately is to section the phyllode and observe the cut ends at xlO mag. or higher. In both species the glands are very obscure but their position is generally indicated by a slight swelling of the phyllode lamina about the gland. Both A. hopperiana and A. isoneura subsp. nimia occur near Buntine, but they appear not to be sympatric; in addition to the characters noted above subsp. nimia is distinguished from A. hopperiana by its essentially epulvinate phyllodes. Variation. On plants occurring north of Geraldton the seeds are clearly discoid with the aril readily detaching from the seed. On plants south of Geraldton, however, the seeds are obloid-ellipsoid and the aril does not so readily detach. Note. Most duplicates of this species were dispatched by PERTH some years ago, identified as A. isoneura subsp. nimia Maslin & A.R. Chapman. Acknowledgement Alex George is thanked for providing the Latin diagnosis and for editorial assistance in preparing this description. Reference Maslin, B.R. & Chapman, A.R. (1999). Acacia miscellany 19. The taxonomy of some Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-merous llowers (Legiiminosae: Mimosoideae). Nuytsia 12: 469^86. B.R. Maslin Department of Conservation and Land Management, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Nuytsia 12(3):497-503(1999) 497 Index to Acacia names New names and combinations are in bold; other accepted names in roman; synonyms etc. in italic. Page number for the main entry is in bold. Acacia Mill. sect. Juliflorae (Benth.) C. Moore & Betche 353,469,487 sect. Phyllodineae DC 31 1,413 sect. Plurinervcs (Benth.) C. Moore & Betche 413, 453, 469 sect. Pulchellae (Benth.) Taub 361 acanthaster Maslin 312 acanthoclada F. Muell 313, 405 subsp. acanthoclada 314 subsp. glaucescens Maslin 314 acellerata Maiden & Blakely 426, 458 aciphylla Benth 426 acoma Maslin 315, 351 aculeiformis Maslin 317, 337 acutata W. Fitzg 336 adinophylla Maslin 318 adnata F. Muell 462 amaliae Domin 426 var. orthophylla Domin 426, 427 amblygona A. Cunn. ex Benth 365, 397 amputata Maslin 493 aneuraF. Muell. ex Benth 418 anomala Court 358 aprica Maslin & A.R. Chapman 471, 473, 478, 482 arcuatilis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 470, 472, 477, 482 aristulata Maslin 320, 393 ascpala Maslin 321 ashbyac Maslin 377 ataxiphylla Benth 323 subsp. ataxiophylla 323, 324, 366 subsp. niagna Maslin 323, 324 auratiflora R.S. Cowan & Maslin 414 auripila R.S. Cowan & Maslin 415 auronitcns Lindl 325, 455 balsamea R.S. Cowan & Maslin 417 barbinervis Benth 325, 371 subsp. barbinervis 326 subsp. borealis Maslin 327, 366 benthamii Meisn 445 bidentata Benth 321, 345, 360 bidentata auct. non Benth 344 binata Maslin 374 blaxellii Maslin 323, 328, 350 brachyclada W. Fitzg 360 bracteolata Maslin 329 calamlnrifoUa A. Cunn. in sched 436 498 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) calcarata Maiden & Blakely 322 campylophylla Bcnth 451, 455 carnosiiia Maslin 331, 384 cassicula R.S. Cowan & Maslin 415, 448 castanostegia Maslin 323, 332 cavealis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 454 cedroides Heward ex Bcnth 366, 390 chapmanii R.S. Cowan & Maslin 451, 455 subsp. australis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 456, 457 subsp. chapmanii 456,457,491 chordophylla F. Mucll. ex Benth 434, 437 cUftoniana W. Fitzg 337, 338 cochlearis (Labill.) H. Wcndl 445, 462 cochlocaqDa Meisn 473, 481, 484 subsp. cochlocarpa 474 subsp. velutinosa Maslin & A.R. Chapman 474, 475, 483 colletioides Benlh 322, 458, 465, 491 var. nyssophylla (F. Muell.) Benth 465 collina E. Fritz 336, 340 comans W. Fitzg 462 cometesC.?.K. Andrews 387 concolorans Maslin 334 congesta Benth 318, 336, 340, 370, 385 subsp. cliftoniana (W. Fitzg.) Maslin 337, 338 subsp. congesta 337 subsp. wonganensis Maslin 337, 338 consanguinea R.S. Cowan & Maslin 442 coolgardiensis Maiden subsp. coolgardiensis 434, 479 costata Benth 326, 392 cowaniana Maslin 310 cracentis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 470, 473, 476, 485 crassiusculall.L. Wendl 348 crenulata R.S. Cowan & Maslin 418 cuncifolia Maslin 337, 339 cyclopis Mackay ex Loudon 420 Cyclops A. Cunn. ex Don 420 cylindrica R.S. Cowan & Maslin 480 deflciens Maslin 340 dellexa Maiden & Blakely 422 dentifera Benth 353, 409 dermatophyila Benth 351, 380 diaphana R.S. Cowan & Maslin 413, 420 dictyophleba F. Muell 395 diminuta Maslin 342 donaldsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin 458 dorothea .Maiden 358 dura Benth 423 duriuscula W. Fitzg 419 eglandulosa DC 420 Index to Acacia names 499 elongata Sieber ex DC 436, 437 ephedroides luict. non Meisn 477 ericksoiiiae Maslin 343 erinacea Benth 342, 358, 360 errabunda Maslin 345 euthyphylla Maslin 347 evenulosa Maslin 329, 348 exocarpoidcs W. Fitzg 342 fagonioides Benth 493 fauntleroyi (Maiden) Maiden & Blakely 353 ferocior Maiden 359 filifolia Benth 469, 472, 477 fitzgefaldii var. breviorE. Fritz 410 flahellifolia W. Fitzg 397 flagelliformis Court 323 flavipila alliance 415, 448, 449 formidabilis C.A. Gardner ex R.S. Cowan & Maslin 460 forrestiana E. Fritz 323 fragilis group 446 gemina R.S. Cowan & Maslin 421 gilesiana F. Muell 460 glaucissima Maslin 317, 350 gloeotricha A.R. Chapman & Maslin 487 gonophylla Benth 374, 380 var. crassifolia Benth 379 graniticola Maslin 351, 409 halliana Maslin 353, 372 handonis Fedley 398 havilandiorum Maiden 436, 437, 461 heteroclita Meisn 423, 445, 446 subsp. heteroclita 424 subsp. valida R.S. Cowan & Maslin 423, 424 hockingsii Fcdlcy 395 hopperiana Maslin 479, 480, 495 horridula Meisn 382, 392 huegelii Benth 323, 359 hystrix Maslin 336, 353 .subsp. continua Maslin 355, 356 subsp. hystrix 355 idiomorpha A. Cunn. ex Benth 337 imitans Maslin 356 iniparilis Maslin 358 improcera Maslin 359 inacqudoba W. Fitzg 377 inaequilohu auct. nun W. Fitzg 377 inamabilis C. Fritz 336 ineaniearpa A.R. Chapman & Maslin 489 ingrata Benth 382 500 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) insolita E. Fritz 361 subsp. efoliolata Maslin 361, 362 subsp. insolita 361 subsp. recurva Maslin 361, 363 intricata S. Moore 323 isoneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman 478, 496 subsp. isoneura 479 subsp. nimia Maslin & A.R. Chapman 479, 496 iteaphylla van latifolia F. Muell 353 ixiophylla Benth 448 ixiophylla auct. non Benlh 447 jensenii Maiden 395 johnsonii Pedley 437 kalgoorliensis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 460 kochii W. Fitzg. ex A.J. Ewart & Jean White 357 lachnopylla F. Muell 384, 387 lanceolata Maslin 363, 397 lanei R.S. Cowan & Maslin 415, 429 lanigera A. Cunn 426 laricina Meisn 328, 365, 390 var. crassifolia Maslin 366, 367 var. laricina 366 latipes Benth 462 subsp. latipes 463 subsp. licina R.S. Cowan & Maslin 463, 464 var. piibescens Meisn 462 latipes group 453 leptaica Maslin 367 Icptoneura Benlh 425, 442 var. pungens Meisn 426 leptospermoides Benth 358, 425 lineolata Benth. subsp. lineolata 425 lirellata Maslin & A.R. Chapman 474, 480, 484 subsp. conipressa Maslin & A.R. Chapman 474, 475, 482 subsp. lirellata 472,473,481 loderi Maiden 416 loxophylla Benth 448 lucasii Blakely 358 lullfitziorum Maslin 337, 369 lysiphloia F. Muell 488 maconochieana Pedley 416 masliniana R.S. Cowan 437, 460 maxwellii Maiden & Blakely 374, 381 merinlhophora E. Pritz 478 mcrrallii F. Muell 316, 331, 351, 372 rnirbelii Dehnh 420 Index to Acacia names 501 mutabilis Maslin 371 subsp. angustifolia Maslin 372, 373, 381, 388 subsp. incurva Maslin 372, 373, 374 subsp. mutabilis Maslin 372 subsp. rbynchophylla Maslin 372, 375 subsp. stipulifera Maslin 372, 376 neurophylla W. Fitzg 474 nigripilosa Maiden 377 subsp. nigripilosa 377 subsp. latifolia Maslin 377, 378 nitidula Bcnth 372, 423 nodiflora Benth 320, 424 war.ferox E. Fritz 341 var. scoparia E. Fritz 341 nyssophylla F. Muell 458, 465 obesa R.S. Cowan & Maslin 473 obtecta Maiden & Blakely 466 oncinophylla Lindl 353 oswaldii F. Muell 426 var. abbreviata Benth 426, 427 pachyphylla Maslin 374, 379 pachypoda Maslin 323, 334 papyrocarpa Benth 416 paradoxa R. Br 337 pelophila R.S. Cowan & Maslin 428, 438 periculosa S. Moore 465 pinguiculosa R. S. Cowan & Maslin 429 subsp. pinguiculosa 430 subsp. teretifolia R.S. Cowan & Maslin 430, 431, 473 pinguifolia .l.M. Black 374, 381 plautella Maslin 381 poliochroa E. Fritz 374, 388 prainii Maiden 382 pravifolia F. Muell 345, 397, 404 pravilolia group 365, 404 profusa Maslin 332, 383 pulchella R. Br. var. glaberrima Meisn 493 var. pulchella 493 var. subsessilis Maslin 493 pulviniformis Maiden & Blakely 313 puncticulata Maslin 337, 384 pusilla Maslin 386, 390 quadrisulcata F. Muell 455 quinquenervia Maslin 374, 387 recurvata R.S. Cowan & Maslin 432, 449 rendlei Maiden 397 502 Nuylsiu Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) resinistipulea W. Fitzg 461 resinosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin 433 rhamphophylla Maslin 366, 387, 389 ridleyana W. Fitzg 451, 455 rigens A. Cunn. ex Don 416, 434 var. humilis Benth 437 var. longifolia Benth 437 rigens A. Cunn. ex Loudon 434 rigida Maslin 390 rostellata Maslin 321, 392 roycei Maslin 437 sabulosa Maslin 393 saxatilis S. Moore 329, 350 scabra Benth 365, 370 scalena Maslin 396 sciophanes Maslin 484 scleroclada Maslin 382 sclerophylla Lindl 429, 438 var. pilosa R.S. Cowan & Maslin 439, 440 var. sclerophylla 439 var. teretiuscula Maiden & Blakely 439, 441 sedifolia Maiden & Blakely 398 subsp. pulvinata Maslin 398 subsp. sedifolia 398 semicircinalis Maiden & Blakely 318 sessiliceps F. Much 426, 427 sessilis Benth 400 sibilans Maslin 416 siculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth 402 speckii R.S. Cowan & Maslin 465 sphacelata Benth 399 subsp. recurva Maslin 400, 401 subsp. sphacelata 400,402 subsp. verticillata Maslin 400, 402 sphenophylla Maslin 315, 397, 403 spinosissima Benth 393 squamata Lindl 323 stenoptera Benth 325 stigmatophylla group 469 stipuligera F. Muell 488 striatula Benth 462 strialula auct. non Benth 399, 400 stricta (Andr.) Willd 347 subflexuosa Maiden 425, 441, 446 subsp. capillata R.S. Cowan & Maslin 442, 443 subsp. subflexuosa 442,443 subsessilis A.R. Chapman & Maslin 456, 490 Index to Acacia names 503 sulcata R, Br 374 sulcata group 372, 423, 430 tamminensisE. Fritz 399, 400 tarculensis J. Black 490 tetanophylla Maslin 355 tetraneura Maslin & A.R. Chapman 474, 481, 482, 483 tetraptera Maslin 405 trachycarpaE. Fritz 488 tratmaniana W. Fitzg 477, 478, 484 trinalis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 423, 444 triptycha F. Muell. ex Benth 423, 445 triptycha aiict. non F. Muell. ex Benth 441, 442 trissoneura F. Muell 423 truculenta Maslin 407 trulliformis R.S. Cowan & Maslin 446 tuberculata Maslin 408 unguicula R.S. Cowan & Maslin 46 1 verricula R.S. Cowan & Maslin 449 viscifolia Maiden & Blakely 369 vittata R.S. Cowan & Maslin 433, 448 wilhelmiana F. Muell 440 wilhelmiana group 369 wilsonii R.S. Cowan & Maslin 449, 456 xcrophila W. Fitzg 410 var. brevior (E. Fritz.) Maslin 410 var. xerophila 410 Racosperma (DC.) Mart. oswaldii (F. Muell.) Fedley 426 rigens (A. Cunn. ex Don) Fedley 434 504 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Nuytsia 12(3):505(1999) 505 CONSERVATION CODES FOR WESTERN AUSTRALIAN FLORA R: Declared Rare Flora - Extant Taxa (= Threatened Flora = Endangered + Vulnerable) Taxa which have been adequately searched for, and are deemed to be in the wild either rare, in danger of extinction, or otherwise in need of special protection, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for the Environment, after recommendation by the State's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee. X: Declared Rare Flora - Presumed Extinct Taxa Taxa which have not been collected, or otherwise verified, over the past 50 years despite thorough searching, or of which all known wild populations have been destroyed more recently, and have been gazetted as such, following approval by the Minister for the Environment, after recommendation by the Slate's Endangered Flora Consultative Committee, 1: Priority One - Poorly Known Taxa Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5 ) populations which are under threat, either due to small population size, or being on lands under immediate threat, e.g. road verges, urban areas, farmland, active mineral leases, etc., or the plants arc under threat, e.g. from disease, grazing by feral animals, etc. May include taxa with threatened populations on protected lands. Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare llora', but are in urgent need of further survey. 2: Priority Two - Poorly Known Taxa Taxa which are known from one or a few (generally <5) populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare llora', but are in urgent need of further survey. 3: Priority Three - Poorly Known Taxa Taxa which are known from several populations, at least some of which are not believed to be under immediate threat (i.e. not currently endangered). Such taxa are under consideration for declaration as 'rare llora', but are in need of further survey. 4: Priority Four — Rare Taxa Taxa which are considered to have been adequately surveyed and which, whilst being rare (in Australia), are not currently threatened by any identifiable factors. These taxa require monitoring every 5-10 years. 506 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) Referees for Volume 12 The assistance of referees in providing expert review of papers submitted to Nuytsia is gratefully acknowledged. The external referees consulted for Volume 12 are listed below. Each paper was also refereed internally by Nuytsia Committee members or other staff members of the Department of Conservation and Land Management. Bean, A.R. Conn, B.J. Craven, L. A. Dodd, J. Duretto, M.F. Everett, J. George, A. S. Grimes, J.W. Hartley, T.G. HewsonH.J. Hunter, J.T. Pedley, L. Reynolds, S.T. Ross, J.H. Walsh, N.G. Wege, J.A. Wilson, K.L. Publication date for NuytsiaN olume 12 Number 2: 16 September 1998 Nuytsia 12(3):507-508{1999) 507 Notes for Authors The aim o{ Nuytsia is lo publish original papers on systematic botany with preference given to papers relating to the flora of Western Australia. All papers are refereed and the Editorial Advisory Committee reserves the right to reject papers. Opinions expressed by authors arc their own and do not necessarily represent the policies or views of the Department of Conservation and Land Management. After final acceptance of papers, authors are requested to provide discs readable directly by IBM computer or internet attachments. Wherever possible, the MS-WORD software should be used. Original figures should not be lettered but accompanied by copies indicating lettering. Page proofs will be forwarded to authors for checking. Twenty reprints of each paper will be provided free of charge; no additional copies may be ordered. Style and layout should follow recent numbers of Nuytsia. Within a paragraph two spaces are required between sentences; after colons, semicolons, commas and dashes a single space is required. Italics should be used for formal taxonomic names, from the genus level down to the lowest infraspecific categories, and for col lectors’ names when citing specimens. Incidental Latin words in the text should be italicized but not the Latin diagnosis. Title. Shouldincludethefamily name of the generaor species treated, but not authorities. New taxa should be named ifnot too numerous. The type of paper (e.g. re vision, synopsis) and geographic area of study should be given where appropriate. Structure of papers. Authors are encouraged to use the conventional structure of scientific papers, especially when a complete study, such as a revision, is being reported. ( 1 ) Abstract. Should be indented and commence with bibliographic information. New taxa, combinations and names should be listed with their authorities. The major contents of the paper should be concisely summarized but no additional material given. (2) Introduction. Should give some background information and state the purpose of the paper. (3) Methods or Materials and methods. May include the method ofdrawing up the description from specimens, extent of search for types and discussion of concepts of taxonomic categories. (4) Re.sults or Taxonomy or Taxonomic treatment orvtaioui alternative headings as appropriate to Ihedata being presented in the paper. (5 ) Discussion. A discussion section should be considered, which would include some or all of the following; asummary of the findings emphasizing the most significant; interpretation of the results in the light of other relevant work; statement of new problems which have arisen; advising of aspects which are to be followed up; suggestion of topics which others might usefully punsue; prediction and speculation. Short Communications. These arc short concise contributions, usually with few or no main headings. They lack an abstract and authors’ names and addresses arc placed at the end. Headings. All headings should be mainly in lower case, major headings centred and bold, secondary headings (where required) left-justified and bold, and minorheadings left-justified and italicized. Keys. May be either indented (e.g. Nuytsia I 1 ; 94) or bracketed (e.g. Nuytsia 1 1 : 55-56). Indented keys involving more ihan nine levels of indentation should be avoided. Where a key is indented, tabs should be used and not space bars. Species treatments. Use of certain named paragraphs, or sets of paragraphs, for matter following the descriptions is encouraged. The desired sequence and examples of commonly used headings are shovm below. Italicized headings should be followed by text on the same line. (1 ITaxon name (in bold) and authority, Forpreviously published taxa this should be followed by the reference, nomenclatural synonyms (if any) and Type: heading with full type details. (2) Other synonyms with their type details, significant manuscript or phrase names. Recent papers should be consulted for examples of an appropriate format for citing synonyms. (3) Latin diagnoses (for new taxa - not indented). 508 Nuytsia Vol. 12, No. 3 (1999) (4) Typus: (for new taxa - not indented). (5) English description (indented). (6) Other specimens examined or Selected specimens examined as appropriate. The number of specimens cited for each taxon should not exceed 20. Western Australian specimens should be cited first followed by any from other states in the order: Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania. Within each region, the specimens cited should be placed in alphabetical order according to the collectors’ surnames. For each specimen the order of the details given should be as follows: locality, date, collector’s name (in italics) and number, herbarium (in brackets). (7) Distribution. (8) Habitat. (9) Phenology or Flowering period. ( 1 0) Conservation status. Department of Conservati on and Land M anagement Conservation Codes for Declared Rare and Priority Flora should be cited for any endangered or rare Western Australian plants. (11) Etymology. (12) Typification. (13) Ajfinities. (14) Notes or Discussion or Comments. Threatened species. TTie Department ofConservation and Land Management has apolicy notto publish precise locality data for threatened species. When describing threatened taxa authors are therefore requested to use generalized localities accompanied by the bracketed statement [precise locality withheld]. Standard abbreviations. When abbreviations are u.sed, the following standards should be followed. (1) Author abbreviations. Follow BrummitI, R.K. & Powell, C.E. (1992). “Authorsof Plant Names.” (Royal Botanic Gardens: Kew.). (2) Book titles. These should not be abbreviated in the references but any literature citations in the text should follow Green, J.W. (1985). “Census ofthc Vascular Plants ofWcstcrn Australia.” 2nd edn. pp. 20-24. (Department of Agriculture: Perth. ). A more complete list of book title abbreviations is given in Statleu, F. A. & Cowan, R.S. ( 1 976-83). “Taxonomic Literature.” 2nd edn. (Bohn. Scheltema& Molkema: Utrecht.), butcapital initial letters need to be used in Nuytsia. (3) Journal titles. Follow Lawrence, G.H.M. eta/. (1968). “B-P-H.Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum.”(Hunt Botanical Library: Pillsburgh.) (4) Dates and directions. Generally should not be abbreviated except under the Specimens examined section. In that section, dates should be written in full only if they have less than five letters (e.g. July), otherwise should be shortened to the first three letters and a stop (e.g. Oct. ), while compass directions should be abbreviated to capital letters with no stops (e.g. N and SSW). (5) Other abbreviations. Standard abbreviations for measurements (e.g. mm), Latin abbreviations (e.g. c., nom. illeg.), mountains and roads (e.g. Ml Koscuisko, Brooke Rd) are used in Nuytsia. Other abbreviations, especially ones that are ambiguous (e.g. Pt), should be avoided. Figures. Numbers should follow a single sequence including maps. References. Citation of references in the text should give the author's surname and date (e.g. Smith 1 963) and full details should be given in the reference section. This format is also recommended to replace the traditional abbreviations for references listed under taxonomic names, for example using Benth. (Bentham 1878: 234) rather than Benth., FI. Austral. 7: 234 (1878). CONTENTS DEDICATED TO RICHARD S. COWAN Dedication to Richard Somner Cowan. By B.R. Maslin 309 Acacia miscellany 16. The taxonomy of fifty-five species of Acacia, primarily Western Australian, in section Phyllodineae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 311 Acacia miscellany 1 7. Miscellaneous new taxa and lectotypifications in Western Australian Acacia, mostly section Plurinerves (Leguminosae; Mimosoideae). By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 413 Acacia miscellany 1 8. The taxonomy of miscellaneous species with sharply pungent phyllodes in Acacia section Plurinerves (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 453 Acacia miscellany 1 9. The taxonomy of some Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae with 4-merous flowers (Leguminosae; Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin and A.R. Chapman 469 Acacia miscellany 20. Descriptions of three new Western Australian species of Acacia section Juliflorae (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By. A.R. Chapman and B.R. Maslin 487 Short Communications Acacia amputata, a new Western Australian species in section Pulchellae (Leguminosoe: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 493 Acacia bopperiana sp. nov. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). By B.R. Maslin 495 Index to Acacia names 497 Conservation Codes for Western Australian Flora 505 Referees for Volume 1 2 506 Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 1 2 Number 2 506 Notes for Authors 507 r ISSN 0085-4417 Print Post Approved PP665002/00003