NUYTSIA Volume 7 ♦ Number 2 1990 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT Nuytsia floribunda (Labill.) R. Br. ex Fenzl — the Western Australian Christmas Tree. The journal is named after the plant, which in turn commemorates Pieter Nuijts, an ambassador of the Dutch East India Company, who in 1627 accompanied the "Guide Zeepard" on one of the first explorations along the south coast of Australia. Cover design by Sandra Bird. NUYTSIA VOLUME 7 NUMBER 2 1990 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION AND LAND MANAGEMENT COMO, WESTERN AUSTRALIA CONTENTS Page A new species of Trianthema (Aizoaceae) from the Kimberley region and a note on T. triquetra. By Volker Biltrich 1 17 Correction and further notes to ’Studies on the Australasian Asclepiadaceae. I. Brachystelma Simms in Australia’ By P.I. Forster 123 Taxonomy of Grevillea brachystylis species complex (Proteaceae). By G J. Keighcry 125 Caesia viscida , a new species of Anthericaceae (Liliaceae s. lat.) from south-western Australia. By GJ. Keighery 133 Patersonia spirafolia (Iridaceae), a new species from south-western Australia. By G.J. Keighery 137 New species of Olearia (Astcraceae: Astereae) endemic to Western Australia. By N.S. Lander 141 Taxonomic Studies of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) in Northern Australia. ByP.K. Latz 161 Acacia Miscellany 1 . Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves ) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 183 Acacia Miscellany 2. Species related to A. deltoidea (Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 201 Acacia Miscellany 3. Some new microncurous taxa of Western Australia related to A. multilineata (Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 209 Acacia Miscellany 4. Three new Western Australian species with affinities to A. wilhelmiana (Leguminosae:Mimosoidcae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 221 Correction to ’New taxa and notes on Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)’ by A.S. George, Nuytsia 6(3): 309-317 (1988) 229 Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 7 Number 1 229 Editorial Board N.S. Lander (Editor) T.D. Macfarlane N.G. Marchant Editorial Assistant J.W. Searle Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Nuytsia 7(2): 117-122 117 A new species of Trianthema (Aizoaeeae) from the Kimberley region and a note on T. triquetra by Volker Bitlrich Institut fur AUgemeine Botanik und Bolanischer Garten der Universitat Hamburg, Ohnhorstslr. 18, D-2000 Hamburg 52, Federal Republic ol Germany Abstract Bittrich, V. A new species of Trianthema (Aizoaeeae) from the Kimberley region and a note on T. triquetra. Nuytsia 7(2): 117-122 (1990). A new species of Trianthema is described, namely T. kimberleyi Bitlrich & Jenssen, endemic to the Hall District of the Northern Botanical Province of Western Australia. Some observations on several forms of T. triquetra Willd. in Australia are provided: these differ mainly in leaf anatomy. Introduction The genus Trianthema L. (Aizoaeeae) consists of about 20 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics, mainly in the southern hemisphere. Until now, twelve species have been recorded from Australia: ten of these are endemics (Prescott 1984). The genus belongs to the subfamily Sesuvioideae (4 genera), which is characterized by circumscissile capsules, an aril completely sheathing the seed, Kranz anatomy of the leaves (with rare exceptions), and bracteate inflorescences (Bittrich & Hartmann 1988). The genus itself is defined by the monocarpellate gynoecium. Further characteristics are Lhe large-celled hypodermis of the leaves (probably functioning as a water storage organ) and the often myxospermous seeds, where the mucus is produced by the swelling of the aril after moistening, a feature also found in the closely related genus Zaleya Burm.f Jeffrey (1960) described two subgenera, Trianthema subgen. Trianthema and Trianthema subgen. Papularia (Forsk.) Jeffrey, distinguished by the number of ovules and the number of flowers per partial inflorescence. The new species described here is included in the subgen. Trianthema. T. triquetra belongs to the subgen. Papularia. However, it needs to be investigated whether the two subgencra defined by Jeffrey (I960) are also monophyleLic groups and the characters mentioned by him provide synapomorphics for one or both of these subgenera. 118 Nuylsia Vol. 7,No.2(1990) Nearly all Australian species of Trianthema are annual herbs; only T. turgidifolia F. Muell. is more or less shrubby and perennial. A number of species are conspicuously hairy on all green parts (e.g. T. pilosa F. Muell., T. rhynchocalyptra F. Muell.); others are only sparsely pubescent or completely glabrous (e.g. T. porlulacasirum L., T. triquetra). The new species belongs to the latter group and is closely related to T. compacta C. While, T. glossostigma F. Muell., and T. oxycalyptra F. Muell. Trianthema kimberleyi Bittrich & Jenssen sp. nov. (Figure 1) Flerba annua, glabra, prostata, c. 5 cm alta et 20 cm diametro; folia opposita, carnosa, inaequalia, basaliter connata, saepe apiculata, lamina late obovata vcl ovalis, c. 4-1 1 mm longa et 1.5-5 mm lata; petiolus c. 1-2 mm longus, basaliter cum vaginis membranaceis bidentatis; flores solitarii, breviter pedunculati; bracteae 2, membranaceae, apiculatae et denticulatac; tepala 5, basi connata, valvata, dorso viridia, intus albidarosea; stamina 10, 5 opposititcpala, 5 altcmitcpala; stylus 1, c. 1.2 mm longus; ovarium simplex uniloculare, placentatione marginali, ovulis biscriatis; ovula 10-12; capsulae circumscissae, cum pedicellis, operculis conicis; semina c. 1.1 mm longa, brunneanigra, glabra, cum arillis omnino vaginata; embryo hippocrepicus; chromosomatum numerus 2n = 48. Typus : c. 20 km south of the Great Northern Highway between Fitzroy Crossing and Halls Creek, 199 km west of Halls Creek, c. 2 km WSW of Christmas Creek homestead, Western Australia; near a small lake on flat hills in schistose rocks, 15 March 1989, V. Bittrich & K. Jenssen 18618 (holo: HBG; iso: CANB, K, PERTH). Much branched, prostrate, annual herb c. 20 cm in diameter and 5 cm high, glabrous. Branching in the vegetative part of the plant monopodial, in the flowering region sympodial, the branches here of unequal diameter. Leaves opposite, flat, elliptical to obovate, 4-1 1 mm long and 1.5-5 mm broad, often with a short mucro at the apex, basally shortly connate, weakly papillose, succulent due to the large water-storing cells of the epidermis and hypodermis, reddish on the abaxial surface; leaves in the flowering region anisophyllous, with the thicker sidcbranch in the axil of the larger leaf; petiole 1-2 mm long, basally expanded into a membranaceous sheath with two acuminate lobes. Flowers solitary, axillary, with an intense honey smell at anthesis; pedicels up to 2 mm long at anthesis, but elongated to up to 5 mm when fruiting, with two scarious, lanceolate, apiculate and denticulate bracts; perianth c. 7.5 mm in diameter, 5-partite; tube obconical, c. 2 mm long, with a whitish nectary disk inside at the base; lobes green outside, whitish-pink inside, valvate; stamens 10, 5 opposite and 5 alternate to the tcpals, inserted at the mouth of the perianth tube; anthers pale pink, smooth; style 1, filiform with a row of short papillae on one side; placenta marginal with 10-12 ovules in 2 rows. Capsule dehiscing by circumscissile split about the middle, operculum subovoid; seeds 6-8, broadly ovoid or pyriform, c. 1.1 x 0.9 x 0.6 mm, brownish to black, smooth, completely sheathed by an aril, which sw'clls slightly when moistened; embryo horseshoe-shaped, curved around the mealy perisperm. Chromosome number 2n = 48. Distribution. Known only from the type locality in the southern Kimberley region where it is confined to the Hall District of the Northern Botanical Province of Western Australia. Habitat. Grows on Oat hills in schistose rocks. Flowering and fruiting period. March to ?. Conservation status. Rare. V. Bittrich, Trianlhema (Aizoaceae) 119 Figure 1. Trianlhema kimberleyi al the type locality in the southern Kimberley region. Figure 2. Two different forms of Trianthema triquetra occurring sympatrically in the southern Kimberley region near Fitzroy crossing ( Bittrich & Jenssen 1 8612 (left), 18610 (right)). 120 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Affinities Trianthema kimberleyi is closely related to T. compacta, T. glossostigma, and 1. oxycalyptra. It is distinguishable from these species by the ± valvate (instead of imbricate) tepals. Additionally, it dilters from T. compacta by the mucronatc, more succulent, always petiolatc leaves, the constant number and regular arrangement of the stamens, and the aril, which does not swell alter moistening in T. compacta\ from T. glossostigma by the stamen number and the unsculptured tesla (ribbed in 7 . glossostigma ); from T. oxycalyptra by the absence of the dorsal unuacial mucro on die tepals, and the smooth aril, which is conspicuously papillate in 7 . oxycalyptra. Etymology . The specific epithet refers to the distribution of the species, which is known at present only from the type locality in the southern Kimberley region of Western Australia. Trianthema triquetra Willd. I rianthema triquetra belongs to a group of species with its centre of distribution in the arid regions of southwest Africa, east Africa and India. As mentioned above, the species of this group belong to the subgen. Papularia (Forsk.) Jeffrey (characterized by two superposed ovules and usually clustered flowers), but up to now has not been assigned formal taxonomic rank, and still awaits critical revision. Differences between species described in the published Floras of the areas H^tioned olten are restricted to form and size of leaves, tepals and the perianth tube, characters which are subject to some plasticity dependent on water supply. Some taxa (species, subspecies or varieties), however, seem to be well circumscribed, but an investigation of the group over its whole distribution is necessary, before a satisfactory classification is possible. The members of this group are characterized by smooth or papillose leaves and stems; and two-seeded circumscissile capsules, the circular operculae of which are depressed at the apex and partially enclose the upper seed. The dead tepals are generally hygrochastic and, when bending outwards after wetting, loosen the operculae which are then washed away by raindrops, thus lunctioning as dissemination units. The small, often inconspicuous flowers have only five stamens alternate to the perigon lobes. Also, form and sculpturing of the seeds are rather similar in all members of the group. 7 rianthema triquetra contains two subspecies described from Africa and a number of varieties. In the treatment for volume 4 ot the Flora of Australia ", Prescott (1984) describes two varieties only. Apparently it was assumed that only T. triquetra subsp. triquetra occurs in Australia as no other subspecies arc mentioned. Prescott (1984) notes considerable confusion in the use ’of the names of the two varieties (T. triquetra var. triquetra and T. triquetra var. clavata (J. Black) H. Eichlcr), which are mainly delimited by the different leaf form and degree of succulence. According to her, the variety with clavate, more succulent leaves is restricted to central Australia and may only be a modification under extreme arid conditions. Such different forms, however, can also be found in northwest Australia, sometimes even occurring sympatrically (Figure 2). It’ was found in comparative cultivation that the different leal' forms are genetically fixed. In Australia there occurs, however, a third lorm, which seems to be far less common than the former two and has been overlooked hitherto. The new form was recently collected by us in northwest Australia {Bittrich & Jenssen 18601, 18616, 18646; HBG, PERTH). The difference between the new form and the two other varieties lies in the leaf anatomy, which can be easily recognized in living plants, but only with difficulty in herbarium specimens. The varieties rrianthema triquetra var. triquetra and var. clavata develop a water-storing tissue adjoining the epidermis on the abaxial side of the leaf (Figures 2 & 3). Therefore, the chlorcnchymc is developed on the adaxial side of the leaves only or in more succulent leaves (hence the varietal epithet clavata") where it forms a semicircle around the water tissue. The leaves of the new form however, show a central water-storing tissue only and have a chlorcnchyme on both sides, thus being isobilateral in cross-section (Figure 3). In some leaves a very small gap in the chlorcnchyme edn be found on the abaxial side, visible ns a narrow translucent band which either stretches from the base to the top of the leaf or is present only in the basal part. This is reminiscent of the strongly V. Bittrich, Trianthema (Aizoaceae) 121 Figure 3. Leaves of two forms of Trianthema triquetra in abaxial view with different anatomy (Bittrich &Jenssen 18612 (above), 18601 (below)). Figure 4. Leaf of Trianthema turgidifolia ( Bittrich & Jenssen 18644) in abaxial view and cross-section. 122 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) succulent leaves of the closely related T. turgidifolia F. Muell., where at least part of the leaves on every plant also show a narrow translucent band on the abaxial side (Figure 4). In connection with the different position of the water-storing tissue and the chlorenchymc also the innervation of the leaves as seen in cross-section is different. In the first case, where a chlorenchymc is absent on the abaxial side of the leaves, vascular bundles arc also absent in this part. In the second case, however, the primary and secondary vascular bundles lie more or less inside the central water-storing tissue, whereas the higher order bundles are arranged circularly at the periphery of the central water-storing tissue. This difference in pattern is not surprising, as all Trianthema species arc characterized by Kranz anatomy, and the chlorenchymc and the kranzcells lie around the leaf veins (Figure 3). In both leaf types a very narrow translucent stripe in the middle of the adaxial side of the leaves often is visible, as the vascular bundles (with the chlorcnchyme around) cross only occasionally here. It is interesting that both leaf types can also be found in African members of the species group. A formal taxonomic treatment of the new form of Trianthema triquetra is still hardly possible, as long as the whole species group is insufficiently known. It is, however, probably identical with T. glaucifolia F. Muell. (type MEL 99963 from Queensland), treated as a synonym of T. triquetra by Prescott (1984), but this is difficult to decide on the basis of herbarium material. T. triquetra in Australia is variable in other characters (epidermis of leaves and stems, number of flowers per inflorescence, seed sculpture, length of the perianth tube, chromosome number), too, which need further investigation. At present it is even uncertain whether the name T. triquetra will persist in future, as the earlier described species T. salsoloides Fcnzl ex Oliver is rather similar and might be an earlier name for the same taxon. In the future, attention should be paid to the differences described above in order to obtain more information about the distribution of the different forms. Acknowledgements This research work was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, for which I am very grateful. I should like to thank Dr J. Kadcrcit for improving the English text and M. Struck for critically reading the manuscript. References Bittrich, V. & Hartmann, H.E.K. (19S8). The Aizoaceae - a new approach. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 239-254. Jeffrey, C. (1960). Notes on tropical African Aizoaceae. Kew Bull. 14: 235-238. Prescott, A. (1984). Trianthema. In George, A. S. (ed.), "Flora of Australia”, vol. 4, pp. 52-60. Nuytsia 7(2): 123-124(1990) 123 Correction and further notes to ’Studies on the Australasian Asclepiadaceae. I. Brachystelma Simms in Australia’ P.I. Forster Botany Department, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067 Abstract Forster, P.I. Correction and further notes to ‘Studies on the Australian Asclepiadaceae. I. Brachystelma Simms in Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 123-124 (1990). It is noted that the name Brachystelma glabriflorum (F. Mucll.) Schltr. has priority over B . microstemma Schltr. for the single species occurring in Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia. A corrected synonymy for this taxon is provided. The name Brachystelma Sims is now conserved over Microstemma R. Br. (Brummit 1988). The earliest available name in Brachystelma lor ihe single species that occurs in Australia, New Guinea and Indonesia is B. glabriflorum (F. Muell.) Schltr. and not B. microstemma Schltr. as earlier reported (Forster 1988). B. glabriflorum is based on Microstemma glabriflorum F. Muell. from 1858 which has priority over/?, microstemma from 1914. The type of Brachystelma papuanum Schltr. is not extant at B and was presumably destroyed in World War II. The corrected synonymy is given below. Brachystelma glabriflorum (F. Muell.) Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 161 (1914). — Microstemma glabriflorum F. Muell., Fragm. Phyt. Austral. 1: 58 (1858). Type: Seaview Range, s. dat., F. Mueller s.n. (holo: K). Microstemma tuberosum R. Br., Prodr. 459 (1810); Endl., Icon. Gen. PI. t. 60 (1838); F. Muell., Fragm. Phyt. Austral. 1: 58 (1858); Benth., FI. Austral. 4: 345 (1869); Bailey, Queensland FI. 3: 1014-1015 (1900); Bailey Compr. Cat. Queensland PI. 335, t. 312 (1913); Back & Bakhuizcn van den Brink, FI. Java 2: 257 (1965). — Brachystelma microstemma Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 160 (1914). Lectotype (here designated): Australia, Carpentaria, Turtle Island, Dec. 1802,/?. Brown s.n. sub. J.J. Bennett 2880 (lecto: BM; isolccto: K). 124 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Brachystelma papuanum Schltr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 50: 161 (1914). Type: Nordostl. New Guinea: auf grasigen Hiigeln am Fusse des Bismarck-Gebirges, October 1908, R. Schlechter 18470 (holo: B). Acknowledgements Paul G. Wilson (PERTH) brought to notice the priority of B. glabriflorum. B. Leuenberger (B) provided a listing of extant Schlecter types of Asclepiadaceae at that institution. References Brummit, R.K. (1988). Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta: 35. Taxon 37: 444-450. Forster, P.I. (1988). Studies on the Australasian Asclepiadaceae. I. Brachystelma Sims in Australia. Nuytsia 6(3): 285-294. Nuytsia 7(2): 125-131 125 Taxonomy of the Grevillea brachystylis species complex (Proteaceae) G J. Keighery Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Wildlife Research Centre, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065 Abstract Keighery, GJ. Taxonomy of the Grevillea brachystylis species complex (Proteaceae). Nuytsia 7(2): 125-131 (1990). Material formerly included in Grevillea brachystylis is shown to comprise two distinct species, one undescribed. Grevillea bronwenae is described, and illustrated. This new species is confined to the northern margin of the Blackwood Plateau, whereas Grevillea brachystylis contains two distinct subspecies occurring on the Swan and Scott coastal plains. Introduction The genus Grevillea has recently been studied by McGillivray, who has published a list of new taxa (McGillivray 1986). McGillivray has a relatively broad species concept within this large genus and he has left a series of species complexes as single units. As an example, the populations studied in this paper were considered to form a single variable species (Marriott 1986) and specimens at PERTH are annotated as such by McGillivray. Grevillea brachystylis is confined to the Swan and Scott coastal plains and the Blackwood Plateau of south-western Australia. Horticulturalists and field botanists alike have recognized the existence of distinct forms within the species. This paper presents the results of field and herbarium studies on the conservation status and variability of Grevillea brachystylis that indicate that the variation is discontinuous and that the Blackwood Plateau populations comprise a distinct species. Methods During the flowering season of 1986/87 areas of remnant bushland, state forest and conservation reserves covering the natural range of Grevillea brachystylis were surveyed for the occurrence of this species. Observations were made on the habit, habitat, vegetative and floral morphology of these populations. Comparisons are made on the basis of fresh material. 126 Nuytsia Vol 7, No. 2 (1990) Utilizing this material the populations were found to differ significantly in habitat, habit, the angle of the leaves to the stem, shape of the flower, perianth, pistil and pollen presenter. These characters are occasionally discernible on herbarium material, but form a major character sequence readily obtained by field observations. Characters of habit, leaf presentation, the form of the perianth, pistil and pollen presenter are constant and significant characters in this complex and elsewhere in the genus Grevillea (author, pers. obs.). These differences are difficult to describe but are presented in illustrations. Results Field surveys carried out in 1986/87 showed that populations occurred in three disjunct regions, namely Swan Plain, Scott Plain and Blackwood Plateau. Tabulation of a wide range of vegetative and floral characters (Table 1) clearly demonstrates that the Blackwood Plateau populations are markedly different from the other plains populations. These differences are reinforced by habitat differences (see under species descriptions) and floral characters (Figures 1 and 2). There are no intermediate populations, and populations of Grevillea brachystylis and Grevillea bronwenae, occurring within 100 metres of each other on Queen Elizabeth Road, maintain the differences. Clearly the Blackwood Plateau populations should be given specific status. The two disjunct coastal plain forms differ in minor characters (habit, colour of pollen presenter) and are thus given subspecific status. Taxonomy 1. Grevillea brachystylis Meissn. in Lehm., PI. Preiss. 1: 538 (1845); 252 loc. cit. 2: Type: Mocloy’s Plain, Sussex District, 20.12.1839, J.A.L. Preiss 714 (holo: NY, photo seen). Much branched, prostrate or decumbent to erect shrub with branches to 2 m long. Stems slender, shiny red with current years growth almost glabrous except at ends, ± 1 mm wide. Leaves erect, linear-lanceolate, 64-87 x 8-10 mm; margin recurved; upper surface smooth green; under surface densely hairy- white; apex acute or pungent with a black point 0.5-1 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, 6-7 flowered. Peduncle 4-6 mm with long, densely pubescent with short silver hairs. Basal bract of inflorescence lanceolate-ovate, brown; apex acute, ± 7 mm long, densely hairy. Bracts! bracteoles subtending flowers normally 3, imbricate, ovate; brown, 3-4 x 5 mm, pubescent, persistent; apex acute. Pedicel 3.5-4.5 mm long. Perianth red, slightly saccate, 7-8 mm long; limb 6 mm long, sparingly hirsute. Pistil 7-9 mm long; stipe 3 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm long. Pollen presenter 3-4 mm long, red or pale purple. Ovary densely hairy. Nectary yellow, c. 1 mm long, producing copious nectar. Capsule 10-11 mm long, sparsely hairy with retained style. Seed elliptic, supervolute, ± 7 mm long, brown; eliasome white, ± 2 mm long. Figure 1. The species contains two subspecies. la. G. brachystylis Meissn. subsp. brachystylis A much branched, prostrate or decumbent shrub with branches to 60 cm long. Pollen presenter red. Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Busselton, 27 Sept. 1944, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH); Yoongarillup, R.D. Royce 3806 (PERTH); Busselton area, (33° 40’ S, 115° 35’ E), A.R. Fairall 2557 (KPBG); 3 km E of Busselton, S. Paust 117 (PERTH); Ruabon, G.J. Keighery 1022 (PERTH); Fish Road Nature Reserve, G.J. Keighery 9484 (PERTH). G.J. Keighery, Crevillea brachystylis 127 Figure 1. Grevillea brachystylis Meissn. A - Habit. B - Inflorescence. C - Seed. D - Capsule. E - Inflorescence in bract showing bracteoles. F - Lateral section of flower. G - Nectary. H - Front view of flower. I - Side view of flower A, B, E-I GJ. Keighery 1022. C, D GJ. Keighery 9484. Scale bar= 10 mm, except G = 1 mm. 128 Nuytsia Vol 7, No. 2 (1990) Distribution. Confined to the southern Swan Coastal Plain, east of Busselton. Flowering period. September. lb. Grevillea brachystylis Meissn. subsp. australis Keighery, subsp. nov. Frutex prostratus vel erectus robustus ramis ad 2 m longis. Flores rubri, praebitor pollinis purpureus. Typus: Scott River Road, Scott National Park, 29 January 1988, G.J. Keighery 9711 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Scott River (34° 15’ S, 115° 15’ E) D. Young 348 (KPBG); Scott River Road, 5. Faust 263 (PERTH); Scott River, 20 Sept. 1973’ E. C. Nelson s.n. (PERTH, CANB); Scott River Road, //. Demarz 4334 (KPBG); Scott River, E. Wittwer 2205 (KPBG); intersection Courtney Road and Payne Road, G.J. Keighery 9579 (PERTH); Governor Broome Road, G.J. Keighery 10343 (PERTH). Distribution. Endemic to the Scott Coastal Plain, east of Augusta. Flowering period. September-January. Notes. The collections designated as Grevillea brachystylis subsp. australis can be distinguished from G. brachystylis subsp. brachystylis by the purple pollen presenter, the branches being up to 2 m long (instead of 40-70 cm), often erect, and much branched. No intermediate populations are known because of the disjunct nature of the species. Etymology. From the Latin australis, referring to the southern distribution of this subspecies. Habitat. Both varieties occur on winter wet fiats normally covered by heath with sand over day. 2. Grevillea bronwenae G.J. Keighery, sp. nov. Figure 2. Typus: Sabina Road, Whichcr Range, 15 km S of Busselton (33° 45’ S, 115° 27’ E), B.J. & G.J. Keighery s.n. (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL). Illustration. Marriott (1986), as Grevillea brachystylis. Frutex erectus gracilis, ad 1.5 m altus. Folia erecta, lineari-lanceolata, 104-127 mm longa. Flores rubri, praebitor pollinis purpureus. Slender erect shrub, with 1-5 main branches, to 1.6 metres tall. Stems ± 2 mm wide, dull red; current year’s growth slighdy ribbed; ribs reddish marginally, green, covered centrally by dense’ short, bifid hairs, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves erect, linear-lanceolate, 104-127 x 5-6 mm; margins recurved, scabrid on upper surface, sparsely hairy on lower surface; apex acute or pungent with a black point 0.5-1 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, 6-7 flowered. Peduncle 4-6 mm long, densely pubescent with short silver hairs. Basal bract of inflorescence lanceolate-ovate, brown, ± 5 mm long, densely hairy. Bracts/ bracteoles subtending flowers 3, ovate, 1-2 mm, caducous; apex acute. Pedicel 6-8 mm long. Perianth red, yellow under anther pockets, 11-14 x 4 mm, square in T.S., sparsely hairy. Pistil 10-11 mm long; stipe 3 mm long; ovary 0.5 mm long. Pollen presenter 3 mm long, purple or dark violet. Ovary densely hairy. Capsule 8-9 mm long, with retained style. Seed elliptic, supervolute, ± 6 mm long; eliasome white, ± 2 mm long. G .J. Keighcry, Grevillea brachystylis 129 Figure 2. Grevillea bronwenae Keighery. A - Habit. B - Leaf. C - Inflorescence. D - Top view of flower. E - Lateral section of flower. F - Fruit. G - Front view of flower. H - Pollen presenter. I - Side view of flower. J - Seed. A-E, G, H, I BJ.& GJ. Keighery s.n. (holo: PERTH). F, J GJ. Keighery 9471. Scale bar = 10 mm, except D, H, J = 1 mm. 130 Nuytsia Vol 7, No. 2 (1990) Table 1. Vegetative and Floral Characters of the Grevillea brachystylis complex TAXON G. brachystylis subsp. brachystylis G. brachystylis subsp. australis G. bronwenae HABIT Prostrate stems from lignotuber Erect and prostrate from lignotuber Erect, no lignotuber BRANCHING Many stems Many stems Few stems RESPONSE TO FIRE Resprouts Resprouts Killed LEAF Length (mm) 64-87 62-91 104-127 Colour underneath White White Green Width (mm) 8-10 9-10 4.5 Position INFLORESCENCE BRACT Erect (at 90°) Erect Spreading (at 45-60°) length (mm) 5 5 7 BRACTEOLE length (mm) Persistent, 4 Persistent, 4 Caducous, 2 PEDICEL length (mm) 6-8 6-8 3. 5-4.5 PERIANTH length (mm) 7-8 7-9 11-14 POLLEN PRESENTER colour Red Purple Purple G .J. Keighery, Grevillea brachystylis 131 Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Hill Road, Whicher Range, G.J. Keighery 3634 (KPBG); Jarrahwood, Aug. 1949, E. Salisbury s.n. (PERTH); Darling Scarp, E of Jarrahwood, 21 June 1965, C. Davies s.n. (PERTH); Whicher Road, Whicher Range, 29 Sept. 1979, TJ. Hawkeswood s.n. (PERTH); 19 km S of Busselton on Nannup Road, G .J . Keighery 9471 (PERTH). Distribution. Confined to the northern edges of the Blackwood Plateau, between Nannup and Busselton. Habitat. Grows on sand over laterite under Eucalyptus haematoxylon low woodland or E. marginata/E. calophylla low woodland. The species forms dense populations 5-8 years after fire in this area. Flowering period. June-Decembcr, peaking August-November. Mature fruits are produced No vember-February . Discussion. Grevillea bronwenae is an attractive horticultural subject, and is frequently grown under the name Grevillea brachystylis "Whicher Range Form". Etymology. The specific epithet honours Bronwcn Keighery, my wife, for her help both in field work in this and many other studies and for her assistance in maintaining our family during my numerous absences in the field over the past 15 years. Conservation Status Although highly restricted, the range of Grevillea bronwenae is entirely in State Forest, much of which lies within the proposed Whicher Range National Park. This species does not seem to be under any immediate threat. Grevillea brachystylis subsp. brachystylis was located at 20 sites on the Swan Coastal Plain. However, 17 of these are road verge populations with little protection. Three populations occur in actual or proposed nature reserves at Yoongarillup, Ruabon and Fish Road. Grevillea brachystylis subsp. australis is currently known from six sites, four of which are on road verges. Two (including the type population) are located in Scott National Park. Currently all the above taxa are located in reserves. The variety most at risk appears to be Grevillea brachystylis subsp. brachystylis for which the reserves and populations are relatively small. References Marriott, N. (1986). Newly cultivated Grevillea. Australian Plants 13:335-340. McGillivray, D.J. (1986). "New Names in Grevillea (Proteaceae)." (D.J. McGillivray: Castle Hill, New South Wales.) Nuytsia 7(2): 133-135(1990) 133 Caesia viscida, a new species of Anthericaceae (Liliaceae s. lat.) from south-western Australia G.J. Keighery Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Wildlife Research Centre, P.O. Box 51 , Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065 Abstract Keighery, G.J. Caesia viscida, a new species of Anlhericaceae (Liliaceae s. lat.) from south-western Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 133-135 (1990). Caesia viscida Keighery is described and illustrated. Introduction During the biological survey of Cape Arid, an unusual species of Caesia was located in Banksia speciosa shrublands. This species did not match any collections held in Perth, nor did it correspond to any described in the review by Henderson (1987). It is described here as a new species, Caesia viscida. Taxonomy Caesia viscida G.J. Keighery, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Planta caespitosa, radicibus tuberibus gracilis dauciformis. Foliis erectus cannaliculatus viscidus, 15-30 cm longus, laminois 5-6 mm lads. Inflorescenda brevis, 6-10 cm longis, effusus. Perianthum segmentum album internum, externum brunneolus pallidus. Typus: Tagon Bay Road, 33° 51’ S, 123° 00’ E, Cape Arid National Park, Western Australia, 23 November 1988, G.J. Keighery & J.J. Alford 2010 (holo: PERTH; iso: MEL, K). Caespitose, perennial herb to 300 x 300 mm wide, from a shortly branched rhizome, with 6-20 flowering shoots produced annually. Rhizome covered by dense brown fibres (breakdown products of the persistent leaf sheaths). Roots white, tuberous below rhizome to c. 5 mm diameter, becoming slender at depth, to 170 mm long, annually renewed. Leaves erect, glabrous, viscid; lamina 150-300 x 5-6 mm, channelled, with 6-8 prominent veins; margin entire; apex acute to long pungent. 134 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Figure 1. Caesia viscida. A - Habit. B - Inflorescence. C - Flower in bud showing bracteoles D- Anther. E - Fruit. F - Seed. Drawn from GJ. Keighery & JJ. Alford 2010. Scaie bars A = 10 cm; B = 1 cm; C, D, E, F = 1 mm. G .J. Keighery, Caesia viscida 135 Inflorescence short, 60-100 mm long, spreading, axis while, 10-15 mm enclosed in leaf sheaths, then green, branches 3-6, to 60 mm long. Lowest bract (below branches) leaflike, 60-80 mm long, viscid. Basal bracts on inflorescence branches linear-subulate, to 15 mm long, scarious, brown. Upper bracts on inflorescence branches in clusters of 1-3, subtending flowers, linear-ovate, 2-3 mm long, scarious; apex long pungent. Bracteoles scarious, linear ovate, 1 .5-2.0 mm long, 1-2 per flower. Peduncles 2-4 mm long, decurved, slender. Outer 3 perianth segments narrowly elliptic, 4-6 mm long, brown-green outside, white inside; apex acute, thickened, brown. Inner 3 perianth segments narrowly elliptic, 4-6 mm long; apex obtuse, white. Staminal filaments flattened; outer whorl 2-2.5 mm long; inner whorl c. 1 .5 mm long. Anthers yellow, dehiscing introrsely by slits. Ovary green, angular, c. 1 mm long. Style white, c. 1.5 mm long, obscurely lobed. Capsule 3-lobed, usually 1-2-celled by abortion, 4-5 mm long, green when mature. Seed c. 1.5 mm wide; testa very shiny, black; aril large, fleshy, white with a black margin. Distribution. Currently known only from the type locality. Habitat. Caesia viscida grows in Banksia speciosa shrubland on low dunes. The soils are deep aeolian sands, grey in the A horizon but white at depth. Flowering period. Plants at the type locality were in full flower in late November. Conservation status. The species is currently known only from the type locality which is within Cape Arid National Park. Similar vegetation also occurs in the adjacent Nuytsland Nature Reserve and nearby Cape Le Grande National Park. Searches of these areas may reveal further populations. Discussion The viscid leaves and abbreviated inflorescence (which presents the flowers almost at ground level) clearly separates this species from all other Caesia species. The dauciform, tuberous roots are also unique in Western Australian Caesia species. Caesia viscida shares the dense fibrous covering of the rhizome with Caesia rigidifolia F. Muell., and is probably most closely related to this species. Reference Henderson, R.J.F. (1987). Caesia R. Br. In George, A.S. (ed.) "Flora of Australia", vol. 45, pp. 281-288. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.) Nuytsia 7(2): 137-139(1990) 137 Patersonia spirafolia (Iridaceae), a new species from south-western Australia G.J. Keighery Department of Conservation and Land Management, Western Australian Wildlife Research Centre, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065 Abstract Keighery, GJ. Patersonia spirafolia, (Iridaceae) a new species from south-western Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 137-139 (1990). Patersonia spirafolia G.J. Keighery is described and illustrated. Introduction Patersonia was studied for the "Flora of Australia” by Cooke (1986). However, at that time an apparently undescribed species, represented at PERTH by a single collection bearing old capsules, was not commented upon by Cooke. Since then I have been able to collect flowering material and ascertain that these populations indeed represent a distinct, undescribed species which is described below. Patersonia spirafolia G.J. Keighery, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Herba perennis caespes ad 40 cm latitudo formans. Folia torsiva, 5-20 cm longa, margine brunnea, pilis adpressis. Scapus glaber, 15-25 cm. longus. Spathae lanceolatae, 24-26 mm vel 21-22 mm longa, brunnea, glabra. Typus: Unnamed hill, 30° 24’ S, 115° 21’ E, NW corner of Badgingarra National Park, Western Australia, 15 October 1988, G.J. Keighery 10409 (holo: PERTH; iso; CANB, K, MEL, NSW). Rootstock a spreading woody rhizome, forming a tussock to 40 cm across, producing 2-15 slender, erect, leafy, woody stems to 30 cm, covered by leaf bases. Leaves linear, spirally twisted, 50-200 x 3-5 mm, biconvex with minute grooves; margins brown, with silky, appressed hairs pointing to the middle; base brown, scarious, glabrous. Scape 150-250 x 1-2 mm, glabrous, reddish-green. Spathe lanceolate (longest 24-26 mm, shortest 21-22 mm), brown, glabrous; margins scarious, almost transparent. Involucre slightly gaping; inner bracts exposed, 7-9 mm wide. Flowers sessile, fugacious, each with a scarious bracteole, diurnal; floral tube filiform, 138 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Figure 1. Patersoniaspirafolia. A - Flowering branch. B - Inflorescence. C - Leaf detail. D - Flower. E - Anthers and style. F - Petal, A-E based on type. Scale bar A,B,D = 10 mm. Scale bar C,E,F = 1 mm. G.J. Keighery, Palersonia spirafolia 139 11-16 mm long, sparsely hairy at ovary summit, included in the bracts. Sepals free, rhomboid, spreading, 16-19 mm x 8-14 mm, blue-violet. Petals , erect, blue-violet, c. 1 mm long; apex acute. Stamens inserted at apex of floral tube; filaments 2-4 mm long, white, connate. Anthers connective triangular, basifixed, yellow; 7-8 mm long, dehiscing by slits. Style filiform, narrowed towards base, c. 10 mm long; stigmatic lobes 3, equal, flattened, free, papillose on upper surface. Ovary pubescent. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 1.5-3 cm long. Seed not seen. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: W of Ycrramullah Road on Cadda Road, 30° 24’ S, 115° 20’ E, GJ. Keighery 10450 (PERTH); 6 km E of Munbinea Road on Cadda Road, 30° 24’ S, 1 15° 18’ E, G.J. Keighery 10452 (PERTH); 5.5 km E of Munbinea Road on Bibby Road, 30° 28’ S, 115° 18’ E, GJ. Keighery 10457 (PERTH); Badgingarra National Park, April 1984, GJ. Keighery s.n. (PERTH). Notes. Occurs on low hills in and around Badgingarra National Park, along the Gardner Range. Habitat. Grows in low, species-rich heath in sand over laterite. Flowering period. October to November. Discussion. Palersonia spirafolia belongs with those Western Australian species of Palersonia which form tussocks, comprising P. inaequalis and P. drummondii. It differs from P. inaequalis in having purple flowers and brown spalhes; it differs from P. drummondii in the short appressed hairs on the leaf margins and the shorter spathes, which arc brown when flowering occurs. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the spirally twisted leaves. Conservation status. The species has a restricted range, but is relatively common within Badgingarra National Park. Acknowledgements The Banksia Woodlands Survey Group of the Western Australian Wildflower Society rediscovered this species and stimulated the author to describe it. Bronwen Keighery assisted in relocating the type locality. Reference Cooke, D.A. (1986). Iridaceae. In George, A.S. (ed.) "Flora of Australia", vol. 46, pp. 1-66. (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.) Nuytsia 7(2): 141-159(1990) 141 New species of Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) endemic to Western Australia N.S. Lander Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation & Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Abstract Lander, N.S. New species of Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) endemic to Western Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 141-159 (1990). Seven new species of Olearia are described, namely 0. eremaea Lander, 0 .fluvialis Lander, 0. incondila Lander, O. laciniifolia Lander, O.mucronata Lander, 0 . occidentissima Lander and 0 . plucheacea Lander. All are endemic to Western Australia. Five of them may be rare and/or endangered. Introduction Work in progress towards an account of Olearia Moench for the "Flora of Australia" has revealed many new taxa. It will be some years before this project is completed. This paper provides descriptions of seven distinctive new species in order to make their names available lor use in the interim. All of these taxa arc endemic to Western Australia, and five of them are considered rare and/or endangered. It is worthy of note that O. fluvialis and O.mucronata bring the number of endemic plant species recorded in the Fortescue District from 65 (Sandcll et al. 1988) to 67 and the number of these restricted to the Hamersley Range National Park to 12. Olearia eremaea Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Merismotrichum pertinens; foliis sessilibus, planis, ellipticis vel obovatis, membranaceis facile distinguitur. Typus : Beegull [Rockhole], 93 miles [150 km] NE of Cosmo Newberry [Mission], Western Australia, 25 August 1961, AS. George 2881 (holo: PERTH). 142 Nuylsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Figure 1. Olearia erermea. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar arms. F - Multicellular, uniseriate simple eglandular hair (from leaf). G - Multicellular, multiseriate capitate glandular hair (from involucral bract). Drawn from A.S. George 2881 (holo: PERTH). N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 143 Shrub to 1.5 m high. Vestilure of vegetative surfaces with minute, sessile glandular hairs and multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs. Stems erect, reddish when young, becoming brown, viscid, densely glandular and with scattered eglandular hairs. Leaves alternate, scattered, ascending, sessile; lamina flat, elliptic or somewhat obovate, 6-16 x 2-5 mm, concolorous, pale green, viscid; venation indistinct apart from midvein; vestiture uniformly densely glandular and with scattered eglandular hairs; texture membranous; base narrowly cuneatc; margin serrate, fiat; apex acute, muticous. Heads terminal, solitary, pedunculate, conspicuously radiate, 15-40 mm diameter; disc 6-15 mm diameter. Peduncle to 18 mm long, densely glandular and with scattered eglandular hairs, with several leaflike bracts grading into those of the involucre. Involucre hemispheric; bracts 4-6-seriate, 3.4-8.0 x 0.6- 1.0 mm. Outer involucral bracts linear, somewhat cymbiform; stercome green, viscid, densely glandular and with scattered eglandular hairs abaxially; margin membranous, entire; apex narrowly acute. Inner involucral bracts linear, Hat; stereome pale green, smooth, glabrous; margin membranous, fimbriate; apex acuminate, sometimes purplish, fimbriate. Receptacle flat. Ray florets 13-22, biseriate, female, 10.3-18.5 mm long; lube glabrous; limb linear or narrowly ovate, 8.2-15.3 x 2.0-2.4 mm, whiLe, glabrous, acute and minutely 2-3-lobed apically; staminodes absent; stylar arms filiform, 1. 3-3.0 mm long. Disc florets 41-46, bisexual, yellow, buccinate, 7.6-8.8 mm long, glabrous; lobes 5, 0.7- 1.4 mm long, acute; anthers 2.8-3. 3 mm long, basally acute and shorter than the filament collar, will) narrowly ovale, sterile terminal appendage; filament collar 0.5-0.7 mm long; stylar arms oblong, 1. 8-2.4 mm long, with halfconic sterile appendages bearing botuliform collecting hairs above the stigmatic lines. Achenc narrowly obovoid, somewhat flattened, 3.54.6 x 1.2-1. 6 mm, pale brown, sericeous with duplex hairs; venation indistinct; carpopodium central. Pappus biseriate, with 16-25 free, minutely barbcllate bristles more or less equal in length to the tubular florets, and an outer row of several much shorter ones c. t as long. Flowering period. July to August. Distribution. Endemic to the Eremaean Botanical Province of Western Australia, occurring at scattered localities in the Ashburton and Giles Districts between 25-29° S and 118-127° E (Figure 8). Habitat. In shallow, stony soil on laterilic breakaways amongst open Acacia shrubland. Conservation status. Although widely distributed, this species has been little collected, occurring only in small populations restricted to a specific habitat; it does not appear to be endangered or vulnerable. It thus appears to warrant the category 3R in the coding system of Leigh ct al. (1981). Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 103 miles [166 km] W ol Warburton Mission, June 1973, A. Blomberry s.n. (NSW, PERTH); Scorpion Hill, ’Carnegie’, F M. Bennett 169 (PERTH); Robinson Range, N of Mcekalharra, J. Elkington 329 (PERTH); 124 miles [200 km] SW of Warburton Mission, A.S. George 2974 (PERTH); Tugaila Rockholc [as "The Zoo"], Laverton-Warburton road, A.S. George 2984 (PERTH); Beegull [Rockholc], Warburton road, AS George 3763 (PERTH); 14 miles [22.5 km] E of Neale Junction, Great Victoria Desert, A.S. George 8420 (PERTH); ’Carnegie’, A. Salkin 12 (PERTH). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the distribution of this taxon in the Eremaean Botanical Province of Western Australia. Notes. The rigid, septate eglandular hairs and the glandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of plants of this species place it in Olearia section Merismotriche Archer ex Bcnth. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species will key variously to O. calcarea F. Muell. ex Benth. and O. muelleri (Sondcr) Bcnth. ( O . section Adenotriche Archer ex Benth.) O. eremaea can be distinguished from the latter two species by its leaves, which are membranous rather than incrassate and have serrate rather than entire, dentate or lobed margins; and by its discs, which comprise 41-46 rather than 21-30 ( O . calcarea) or 12-18 ( O . muelleri ) florets. 144 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) m m Figure 2. Olearia fluvialis. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar anns. F - Long intricate r^, U ' I m ^ C l 1 “ ar rf UnlS i na n ’ u mP s? f8 la " dular hair ( from lea 0- G - Minute, multicellular brsenate’ from T b ‘ Senale ’ SlmPl£ C8 ‘ andUlar hair (fr ° m ^ n ° rel) ' ° raWn N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Aslereae) 145 Olearia fluvialis Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Species nova ad Olearia seclionem Eriotrichum pertinens; foliis disperis, sessilibus, planis, anguste ovatis, minute bullatis, integris, et capitulis hcterochromis conspicue radiatisque facile distinguitur. Typus: Fortescue River, Western Australia, anno 1895, W. Cussock s.n. (holo: MEL 1547238). Shrub to 0.6 m high. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with long, intricate, articulate, multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and minute multicellular, biseriate, capitate glandular hairs. Stems erect, smooth, subglabrous or arachnoid, pale green, striate. Leaves alternate, scattered, ascending, sessile; lamina flat, narrowly ovate, 2.0-9.0 x 1. 0-2.0 mm, concolorous, green, minutely bullate; venation indistinctly reticulate with prominent midvein; vestiture uniformly subglabrous or weakly arachnoid; texture herbaceous; base rounded; margin entire, flat; apex narrowly acute. Heads terminal, solitary, pedunculate, conspicuously radiate, 8.8-12.5 mm diameter; disc 5-8 mm diameter. Peduncle to 76 mm long, subglabrous or arachnoid, with several lcaflike bracts grading into those of the involucre. Involucre obconic; bracts 6-7-seriate, 1. 7-9.2 x 0.9-1.3 mm. Outer involucral bracts somewhat cymbiform, narrowly triangular or linear; stereome pale green, smooth and subglabrous or weakly arachnoid abaxially; margin membranous, fimbriaie; apex narrowly acute or acute. Inner involucral bracts somewhat cymbiform, linear; stereome pale green, smooth and glabrous or subglabrous with only eglandular hairs abaxially; margin membranous, fimbriate; apex narrowly acute. Receptacle flat. Ray florets 12-14, uniseriate, female, 6.8-9.7 mm long; tube subglabrous with multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs scattered apically; limb elliptic or ovate, 3.8-4.5 x 0.9- 1.2 mm, white or mauve, glabrous, broadly acute or obtuse apically; staminodes absent; slylar arms filiform, 1.2-1. 8 mm long. Disc florets c. 12, infundibular, 5.7-6.8 mm long, yellow, glabrous; lobes 5, 0.7-0.8 mm long, acute; anthers 2.3-2.6 mm long, basally minutely sagittate and shorter than the filament collar, with narrowly ovate, sterile terminal appendage; filament collar 0.4-0.5 mm long; stylar arms oblong, 1. 5-1.7 mm long, with narrowly halfconic, sterile terminal appendage bearing botuliform collecting hairs above the stigmatic lines. Achene narrowly obovoid, 1 .5-2.9 x 0.5-1.0 mm, brown, densely sericeous with duplex hairs, distinctly 6-7 ribbed; carpopodium conspicuous, central. Pappus uniseriate, with 31-40 minutely barbellatc bristles subcqual to the tubular florets. Flowering period. April. Distribution. Known from only a single locality in the Hamersley Range National Park between 22-23° S and 1 18-1 19° E in the Fortescue District, Eremaean Botanical Province, Western Australia (Figure 8). Habitat. On iron rich alluvium. Conservation status. Since it is restricted to a single known population, this species appears to warrant the category 2V in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). Other specimen examined. Wittenoom area [precise locality withheld], J.V. Blockley 148 (KPBG, PERTH). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the riverine habitat favoured by this species. Notes. The intricate, arachnoid eglandular hairs and the glandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of plants of this species place it in Olearia section Eriotriche Archer ex Benth. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species will key (with some difficulty) to O. propinqua S. Moore (= O. pimeleoides (DC.) Benth. sens, strict.). O. fluvialis can be distinguished from the latter by its heads, which are conspicuously pedunculate rather than 146 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Figure 3. Olearia incondita. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Long, multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hair (from leaf). F - Short, uniseriate, capitate glandular hair (from leaf). G - Multicellular, biserate, simple eglandular hair (from disc floret). Drawn from A. M. Ashby 2855 (holo: PERTH). N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asleraceae: Astereae) 147 subsessile; by its involucral bracts, which arc 6-7 rather than 3-5-seriate; and by its pappus, which comprises 31-40 rather than 39-65 bristles. Olearia incondita Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 3) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Merismotrichum pertincns; foliis diminutis, dispersis, anguste ellipticis, dense pustulatis, incrassatis, integris, revolutis facile distinguitur. Typus: Near Morawa, Western Australia, 15 June 1969, A.M. Ashby 2855 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD). Shrub to 1.3 m high. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with long, multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and short, uniseriate, capitate glandular hairs. Stems erect and somewhat spreading, tomentose and brown or green when young, glabrous and dark green when older. Leaves alternate, scattered, ascending, sessile; lamina narrowly elliptic, 4-14 x 1-3 mm, concolorous, green, uniformly densely pustulate; venation obscure apart from midrib; vestiture weakly tomentose abaxially, glabrous adaxially; texture incrassate; base narrowly cuneale; margin enure, revolute; apex acute, inconspicuously mucronate. Heads terminal, solitary, subsessile with leaves grading into the involucral bracts, conspicuously radiate, 25-35 mm diameter; disc 10-20 mm diameter. Involucre hemispheric; bracts 4-seriate, 4.0-10.5 x 1. 5-2.0 mm. Outer involucral bracts linear or narrowly elliptic, more or less flat; stereome uniformly while-tomeniose abaxially; margin entire; apex acute. Inner involucral bracts linear, somewhat cymbiform; stereome green, smooth and with an apical tomentose patch abaxially; margin membranous, fimbriate; apex acuminate, purplish. Receptacle convex. Ray florets 7-10, uniseriate, female, 9.8-12.5 mm long; tube glabrous; limb linear or ovate, 2.0-2.5 x 7.8-10.0 mm, white or pink, glabrous, acute and minutely 3-lobed apically; staminodes absent; stylar arms filiform, 2. 7-3.6 mm long. Disc florets 10-24, bisexual, buccinate, 8.0-9. 5 mm long, yellow, subglabrous with multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs and glandular hairs adaxially; lobes 5, 0.8-1.6 mm long, acute; anthers 2.5-3.0 mm long, basally acute and shorter than the filament collar, with narrowly triangular, sterile terminal appendage; filament collar 0.5-0.6 mm long; stylar arms oblong, with narrowly half-ovoid, sterile terminal appendages bearing botuliform collecting hairs above the stigmatic lines. Achene narrowly obovoid, somewhat flattened, 3.0-6.6 x 0.8-1. 0 mm, pale brown, hirsute with duplex hairs and glandular hairs, conspicuously ribbed; carpopodium central or somewhat oblique. Pappus biseriate, with 74-102 minutely barbellate bristles more or less equal to the tubular florets, and several much shorter ones c. as long. Flowering period. January to April. Distribution. Endemic to the South-West Botanical Province of Western Australia occurring in the Avon and Roe Botanical Districts between 29-35° S and 1 16-120° E (Figure 8). Habitat. Found on margins of playa lakes and around granite outcrops. Conservation status. Although this species is widely distributed it has been little collected, occurring only in small populations restricted to specific habitats in areas likely to experience changes in land use which would threaten its survival. It thus appears to warrant the category 3V in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; Princess R[oyal] Harbour, May 1868, s.leg. (MEL); King George Sound, anno 1892, M. Cronin (MEL); 39 km N of Lake King, H. Demarz 8709 (KPBG, PERTH); Swan River, anno 1899, J. Lewele s.n. (MEL); King George Sound, s.dat., G. Maxwell s.n. (MEL); Golden Valley, anno 1888, E. Merral s.n. (MEL); Broomchill, April 1904, A. Morrison s.n. (K); Bromehill, Nov. 1904, A. Morrison s.n. (PERTH); N of Avon location 24133. 30° 55’ S, 117° 22’ E, B.II. Smith 577 (CBG, MEL, PERTH); 9 km W of Dukin, 30° 57’ S, 1 17 d 52’ E, P.G. Wilson 11875 (PERTH); 15 km W of Dukin, 30° 57’ S, 117° 20’ E ,P.G. Wilson 11878 (PERTH). 148 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) 1 mm 1 mm Figure 4. Olearia laciniifolia. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar arms. F - Multicellular H 1Se S ; VX? le e 8. landl ; lar halr ( f mm stem). G - Multicellular, bisenate, capitate glandular hair (from leaf)’ PERTH) 1 UU 3r ’ blSenate ’ slm P le eglandular hair (from ray floret). Drawn from A.R. Fairall 1623 (holo: N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 149 Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the rather unkempt appearance of plants of this taxon. Notes. The densely intricate, woolly eglandular hairs and the glandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of plants of this species place it in Olearia section Eriotriche Archer ex Benth. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species will key to O. pimeleoides (DC.) Benth. O. incondita can be distinguished from the latter by its outer involucral bracts, which are cymbiform rather than flat; by its disc florets, the vestiture of which includes glandular as well as eglandular hairs; and by its pappus, which comprises 74-102 rather than 39-65 long bristles. Olearia laciniifolia Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 4) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Merismotrichum pertinens; foliis oblongis, scleris, laciniatis, leviter revolutis facile distinguitur. Typus: Newdegate-Lake Grace road. Western Australia, 22 September 1964, A .R . Fairall 1623 (holo: PERTH; iso: KPBG). Shrub to c. 1 m high. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with long, multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and minute, multicellular, biseriate, capitate glandular hairs. Stems erect, pale yellow when young, becoming purplish, hirsute. Leaves alternate, scattered, ascending, sessile; lamina flat, oblong, 6-35 x 1-10 mm, concolorous, grey-green, reticulate; venation indistinct apart from the stout midvein; vestiture uniformly glandular; texture sclerous; base narrowly cuneate; margin laciniate, weakly revolute; apex lobed. Heads terminal, solitary, pedunculate, conspicuously radiate, 26-35 mm in diameter; disc 12-20 mm diameter. Peduncles to 25 mm long, hirsute, with several leaflike bracts grading into those of the involucre. Involucre hemispheric; bracts 5-seriate, 2.2-1. 5 x 0.6- 1.2 mm. Outer involucral bracts narrowly triangular, cymbiform; stereome conspicuously vesicular along midrib and glandular abaxially; margin, narrowly membranous, weakly fimbriate; apex acute. Inner involucral bracts linear, fiat; stereome conspicuously vesicular along midrib and subglabrous with glandular hairs abaxially; margin entire; apex acuminate, purplish, fimbriate. Receptacle somewhat convex. Ray florets , 35-43, 3-seriate, female, 10.5-18.0 mm long; tube with simple multicelluar, biseriate eglandular hairs scattered abaxially limb narrowly ovate, 8-14 x 1-2 mm, lilac, glabrous, emarginate apically; staminodes absent; stylar arms filiform or very narrowly half-ellipsoid, 1.4-1.6 mm long. Disc florets 53-90, bisexual, white below, yellow above, buccinate, 4. 8-6.0 mm long, subglabrous, with multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs scattered abaxially; lobes 5, 0.1 -0.8 mm long, acute; anthers 2.2-2. 3 mm long, basally acute and shorter than the filament collar, with narrowly elliptic, sterile terminal appendage; filament collar 0. 3-0.5 mm long; stylar arms oblong, with half-conic, sterile terminal appendage bearing long, clavate collecting hairs above the stigmatic lines. Achene ellipsoid, flattened, 1. 2-2.0 x 0.4-0.5 mm, pale brown, sericeous with duplex hairs; venation indistinct; carpopodium oblique. Pappus uniseriate, with c. 20 free, minutely barbellate bristles more or less equal in length to the tubular florets. Flowering period. June to November. Distribution. Endemic to the Roe District, South-West Botanical Province, Western Australia, occurring between 33-34° S and 118-124° S (Figure 8). Habitat. Occurs on white sand amongst mallee and Melaleuca shrubland around playa lakes. Conservation status. Although this species is widely distributed it has been little collected, occurring only in small populations restricted to specific habitats in an area likely to experience changes in land use which would threaten its survival. It thus appears to warrant the category 3V in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). 150 Nuylsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Figure 5. Olearia mucronata. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. D - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar arms. F - Druses (from florets). G - Multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hair (from ray floret). II - Multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandularhair (from leaf). Drawn from McGuire IB (holo: PERTH). N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Aslereae) 151 Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: W of Kukerin, AM. Ashby 5235 (AD, CHR, K, MEL, NSW, NT, PERTH); 5.5 km NE of Clyde Hill, 33° 17’ 35” S, 123° 00’ 54" E, M.A. Burgman 1792 (PERTH); Lake King, 72 miles [1 16 km] E of Lake Grace, Nov. 1980, N. Steedman s.n. (BM, PERTH); Lake King road, E. Wittwer 173 (KPBG, PERTH); Dowels-Lake King road, 32° 40’ S, 120° 30’ E, E. Wither 1435 (KPBG). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the narrowly lobed leaves characteristic of this taxon. Notes. The patent, septate eglandular hairs and the glandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of this plant place it in Olearia section Merismotriche Archer ex Benth. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species will key (with difficulty) to O. rudis (Benth.) F. Muell. ex Benth. O. laciniifolia can be distinguished from the latter by the vestiture of its vegetative surfaces, which comprises glandular as well as eglandular hairs; by its conflorescences, which are solitary-headed rather than compound corymbose; by its ray, which comprises 35-43 rather than 39-75 florets; by its disc, which comprises 53-90 rather than 86-241 florets; and by its pappus, which comprises c. 20 long brisdes only rather than 31-42 long bristles with 10-14 much shorter ones. Olearia mucronata Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 5) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Adenotrichum pertinens; foliis sessilibus, planis, linearibus vel anguste obovatis, scleris, integris, mucronatis et crystallis ("druses") characteristicis in floribus radii discique facile distinguitur. Typus: Wittenoom area [precise locality withheld]. Western Australia, January 1972, McGuire 18 (holo: PERTH). Shrub to 1 m high, strongly and unpleasantly aromatic. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and multicellular, biseriate, capitate glandular hairs. Stems erect, pale green when young, becoming reddish, subglabrous with eglandular hairs. Leaves alternate, crowded, ascending, sessile; lamina flat, linear, sometimes obovate, 13-46 x 1-5 mm, concolorous, dark green, reticulate; venation with distinct midvein only; vestiture uniformly subglabrous with eglandular hairs; texture sclerous; base attenuate; margin entire or with a few teeth; apex acute, mucronate. Heads terminal, solitary, pedunculate, conspicuously radiate, 6.4-13.7 mm diameter; disc 1.0-1. 7 mm diameter. Peduncle to 23 mm long, subglabrous with eglandular hairs, with several leaflike bracts grading into those of the involucre. Involucre campanulate; bracts 5-seriate, 3.5-5.5 x 0.7- 1.0 mm. Outer involucral bracts somewhat cymbiform, narrowly triangular; stereome yellowish, vesicular along midrib and weakly glandular abaxially; margin narrowly membranous, minutely fimbriate; apex acuminate. Inner involucral bracts narrowly ovate, flat; stereome pale yellowish, vesicular along midrib and glabrous abaxially; margin broadly membranous, fimbriate; apex acute. Receptacle weakly convex. Ray florets 9-12, uniseriate, female, 14.7-15.5 mm long; limb narrowly elliptic, 5.4-14.0 x 1.4-2.5 mm, white, glabrous or subglabrous with multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs abaxially, obtuse and entire or minutely 3-lobed apically; staminodes sometimes present; stylar arms filiform, 1. 8-2.4 mm long. Disc florets 39-45, bisexual, buccinatc, 6.8-7.0 mm long, yellow, glabrous; lobes 0.9-1. 3 mm long, narrowly acute; anthers basally acute and shorter than the filament collar, with ovate, sterile terminal appendage, obtuse apically; filament collar c. 0.7 mm long; stylar arms filiform, with narrowly half-ovoid, sterile terminal appendages 2.8-3.0 mm long bearing minute collecting hairs above the stigmatic lines. Achene narrowly obovoid, somewhat flattened, 3.0-3.4 x 0.8-1.0 mm, sericeous with duplex hairs; venation indistinct; carpopodium central. Pappus uniseriate, with 19-27 free, minutely barbellate bristles more or less equal in length to the tubular florets. Flowering period. August to January. 152 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Figure 6. Olearia occidentissima. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar arms. F - Multicellular biseriate, simple eglandular hair (from disc floret). G - Multicellular, biseriate, capitate glandular hair (from leaf). H - Duplex hair (from ray floret). I - Multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hair (from leaf). Drawn from AS. George 1 1568 (holo: PERTH). N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 153 Distribution. Known from only two localities between 21-23° S and 117-119° E in the Fortescue District, Eremaean Botanical Province, Western Australia (Figure 8). Habitat. Schistose hills. Conservation status. Since it is restricted to two populations a mere 60 km apart, this species appears to warrant the category 2V in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). Other specimens examined, [locality withheld], W.E. Blackall 435 (PERTH); [locality withheld], C.A. Gardner 2477 (BM, K, PERTH). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the mucronate leaves characteristic of this taxon. Notes. The glabrous vegetative parts of plants of this species (apart from the scattered eglandular hairs on the leaves and a few glandular hairs on the stereome of the involucral bracts) place it in Olearia section Adenotriche Archer ex Benth. In the key of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species key (with difficulty) to 0. stuartii (F. Muell.) F. Muell. ex Benth. ( Olearia section Merismotriche). O. mucronata can be distinguished from 0. stuartii sens. lat. (see Lander 1989) by its outer involucral bracts, the midribs of which are vesicular; by the ray, which comprises 9-12 rather than 21-64 florets; and by the ray florets, which are 14.7-15.5 mm long rather than 7-11.5 mm long. The ray florets of this species are remarkable for the scattered crystalline deposits in the cells of the tube and limb (Figure 5F). To date I have observed such druses elsewhere in Olearia in the tubular florets of O.ferresii (F. Muell.) F. Muell. ex Benth. which is placed in section Merismotriche , and of O. pimeleoides var. incana D.A. Cooke, which is placed in section Eriotriche Archer ex Benth. Olearia occidentissima Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 6) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Eriolrichum pertinens; habitu effuso, foliis petiolatis, planis, lanatis, flaccidis, integris, revolutis et floribus radii discique pilis duplicibus distinguitur. Typus: Dirk Hartog Island [precise locality withheld], Western Australia, 5 September 1972, A.S. George 11568 (holo: PERTH; iso: K, NSW). Shrub to 0.2 m high. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with densely intricate, long, multicellular uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs, patent, shorter, multicelluar, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and multicellular, biscriate, capitate glandular hairs. Stems prostrate (wind-pruned) or erect, white and lanate when young, becoming grey and somewhat arachnoid with waxy bark. Leaves alternate, scattered, spreading, petiolate; lamina flat, narrowly elliptic, 6-24 x 3-6 mm, discolorous, white-lanate abaxially, and grey-green adaxially, smooth; venation indistinct apart from the midrib; vestiture lanate abaxially, somewhat arachnoid adaxially; texture flaccid; base narrowly cuneate; margin entire, revolute; apex acute, + mucronate. Heads terminal, solitary, subsessile with leaves grading into the involucral bracLs, conspicuously radiate, 25-30 mm diameter; disc 15-18 mm diameter. Involucre hemispheric; bracts 4-seriate, 4.5-9.0 x 1. 5-2.0 mm. Outer involucral bracts narrowly elliptic. Oat; stereome white-lanate abaxially, apically weakly arachnoid adaxially; margin entire; apex acute. Inner involucral bracts linear or spathulate, somewhat cymbiform; stereome pale green, basally smooth and glabrous but apically densely glandular and with scattered long, eglandular hairs abaxially; margin broadly membranous, fimbriate; apex narrowly acute. Receptacle somewhat convex. Ray florets 10-12, uniseriate, female, 12-18 mm long; tube white, with duplex hairs scattered abaxially; limb obovate, 7.4-1 1.0 x 2.5-3. 5 mm, white or pink, glabrous, obtuse and minutely 3-lobed apicaJly; staminodes absent; stylar arms filiform, 2.2-2.4 mm long. Disc florets c. 25, bisexual, white (tinged violet), buccinate, 7.5-8.0 mm long, 5-lobcd, with 154 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) multicellular, biseriatc, simple eglandular hairs and duplex hairs scattered adaxially; lobes c. 1.0 mm long, acute; anthers 2.0-2.5 mm long, basally acuminate and shorter than Lhe filament collar, with narrowly triangular, sterile, terminal appendage; filament collar 0.4-0.6 mm long; stylar arms oblong, 2.6-3.0 mm long, with narrowly half-conic, sterile terminal appendages bearing long, botuliform collecting hairs above the sligmatic lines. Achene obovoid, c. 2. 5-2.8 x c. 0.8 mm, sericeous with duplex and glandular hairs; venation indistinct; carpopodium central. Pappus biseriate, with c. 75 free, minutely barbellate bristles equal to or subequal to the tubular florets. Flowering period. September. Distribution. Endemic to Dirk Hartog Island in the Carnarvon District, Eremaean Botanical Province, Western Australia, occurring between 25-26° S and 1 12-1 13° E (Figure 8). Habitat. In shallow sand above limestone amongst tall open heath (shrub steppe) on coastal cliff-top. Conservation status. This species is known only from its type locality. The ’kwongan’ vegetation in which it occurs extends over several 100 hectares. There arc no stock in the vicinity. Extensive searching on the adjacent mainland by me in 1986 failed to locate populations there. The presence of O. occidenlissima on Dirk Hartog Island reinforces recent proposals to declare the island as a National Park (Anonymous 1987). In particular, any proposal to modify vegetation at the northern end of the island should be rejected unless further, viable populations of O. occidentissima are located in areas free from interference. O. occidentissima is clearly a vulnerable species, not presently endangered but possibly at risk over a longer period. It thus appears to warrant the category IV in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Dirk Hartog Island Lprecise locality withheld], B.R. Muslin 4304 (PERTH). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the fact that this species of Olearia is that with the most westerly distribution in Australia. Notes. The dense, intricate, multicellular, uniscriatc eglandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of plants of this species place it in Olearia section Eriotriche. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species will key to O . pimeleoides (DC.) Benth., to which it is probably closely related. O. occidentissima can be distinguished from the latter by its habit, which is prostrate rather than erect; by its florets, which bear duplex hairs abaxially; and by its pappus, which comprises c. 75 rather than 39-65 bristles. The duplex hairs observed on the abaxial surfaces of both ray and disc florets are identical to those found on achenes of this and most other species of Olearia. They have not been recorded on the florets of any other species in this genus. It is no small measure of the need for continuing taxonomic research on the Australian flora that this distinctive species remained apparently uncollected until 1972 and hitherto undcscribcd in the vicinity of the first recorded landing on Australian shores by a European, namely the Dutchman Dirk Hartog in 1616 (Burbidgc & George 1978), and of the first authenticated botanical collections by Europeans in Australia, namely those made in 1699 by William Dampicr (George 1971). N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 155 Figure 7. Olearia plucheacea. A - Habit. B - Ray floret. C - Disc floret. D - Anthers. E - Stylar arms. F - Multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hair (from leaf). G - Multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs (from leaf). H - Multicellular, biseriate, capitate glandular hair (from leaf). I - Multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hair (from ray floret). Drawn from R J. Cranfield 6279 (holo: PERTH). 156 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Figure 8. Distribution of Olearia eremaea (+), O.fluvialis (O), 0. incondita ( 0. laciniifolia ( □ ), O. mucronata (#), 0 . occidentissima (A) and 0 . plucheacea (A), indicating occurrence in 1° x 1° squares. N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 157 Olearia plucheacea Lander, sp. nov. (Figure 7) Species nova ad Oleariam sectionem Merisnwlrichum pertinens; foliis longis, fdiformibus vel anguste linearibus, flaccidis, integris vel irregularitcr serrulatis vel serratis, revolutis, conflorescentiis dense paniculatis et capitulis anguste obconicis distinguitur. Typus: 16.5 km N of ’Meka’, 27° 17’ S, 116° 50’ E, Western Australia, 22 September 1987, R..J. Cranfield 6279 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD, K, NSW) Shrub to 1.5 m high. Vestiture of vegetative surfaces with minute, multicelluar, biseriate, capitate glandular hairs, scattered, long, spreading, multicellular, uniseriate, simple eglandular hairs and patent, short, multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs. Stems yellowish and somewhat viscid when young, pale brown and dry when older, glandular and with scattered long eglandular hairs. Leaves alternate, scattered, ascending, sessile; lamina incurved, flat or recurved, filiform to narrowly linear, 12-45 x 1-5 mm, concolorous, pale green, weakly to strongly viscid; venation obscure apart from the prominent midvein, sulcate above, raised below; vestiture uniformly weakly to densely hirsute on lx)th surfaces with short, eglandular hairs and also with glandular and long eglandular hairs scattered abaxially; texture flaccid; base narrowly attenuate; margin entire or irregularly serrulate to serrate, revolute; apex acute to acuminate, mulicous. Heads many in dense, terminal, paniculate conflorescences, pedunculate, conspicuously radiate, 9.5-13.5 mm diameter; disc 2.5-4.5 mm diameter. Peduncles to 35 mm long, glandular and with long eglandular hairs, with several minute leaflike bracts grading into those of the involucre. Involucre narrowly obconic; bracts 4-seriate, 1. 7-4.5 x 1.0- 1.7 mm. Outer involucral bracts obovate, cymbiform; stereome green, glandular and with a few short and long eglandular hairs scattered abaxially; margin narrowly membranous, fimbriate; apex broadly acute. Inner involucral bracts elliptic, cymbiform; stereome pale green, subglabrous with glandular and short and long eglandular hairs abaxially; margin broadly membranous, almost entire; apex broadly acute to obtuse. Receptacle somewhat convex. Ray florets 5-7, uniseriate, female, 5.2-7 .0 m long; tube subglabrous with multicellular, biseriate, simple eglandular hairs abaxially; limb narrowly ovate, 1.0-1. 2 x 3. 5-4.5 mm, white, glabrous, acute and minutely 3-lobed apically; staminodes absent; stylar arms filiform, 1.1-1. 7 mm long, yellow, spreading supinatc. Disc florets 3-5, bisexual, buccinate, 4. 8-7.0 mm long, yellow, glabrous, 5-lobed; lobes 1.2-1. 3 mm long, narrowly acute; anthers 2.6-2.9 mm long, basally acute and shorter than the filament collar, with narrowly elliptic, sterile terminal appendage; filament collar 0.3-0.4 mm long; stylar arms ligulate, 1. 3-1.6 with broadly half-conic, sterile terminal appendages bearing long botuliform collecting hairs above the sligmatic lines. Achene narrowly ellipsoid or obovoid, 1. 7-2.4 x 0.5-0.8 mm, pale brown, villous with duplex hairs; carpopodium somewhat oblique. Pappus of 25-38 uniseriate, free, minutely barbellatc bristles somewhat shorter than the tubular florets. Chromosome number , n = 9 (P.S. Short, pers. comm.). Flowering period. August to October. Distribution. Endemic to the Eremaean Botanical Province of Western Australia, occurring in the Ashburton and Austin Districts, between 23-28° S and 115-1 17° E (Figure 8). Habitat. In stony soil on sandstone breakaways amongst open low Eucalyptus/Acacia woodland or high shrubland. Conservation status. This species is widely distributed and has been collected in recent years at four sites. At Mt Augustus K.R. Newbey (pers. comm.) reported 10 or so plants; at his Kennedy Range site he encountered a single plant. P.S. Short & N.S. Lander observed scattered plants at the summit of the Kennedy Range. At ’Meka’, R.J. Cranfield noted occasional plants. Although this species is not currently considered endangered it may be at risk over a longer period through continued depletion due to grazing. It thus appears to warrant the category 3V in the coding system of Leigh et al. (1981). 158 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No.2 (1990) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Sources of the Minilya River [as "Minilyalya"], anno 1882, J. Forrest s.n. (NSW); Mt Augustus, J.R. Cannon 122 (PERTH); Williambury Trig, Minilya River, C.A. Gardner 6157 (PERTH); Mt Augustus, 24° 20’ S, 116° 51’ E, S.D. Hopper 3171 (K, PERTH); Mt Augustus, K.R. Newbey 1 1696 (K, NSW, PERTH); 17.5 km W of ’Lyons River’, Kennedy Range, K.R. Newbey 11576 (AD, DNA, PERTH); Kennedy Range, 24° 10’ S, 1 18° 13’ E, PS. Short 2535 & NS. Lander (MEL, PERTH). Etymology. The specific epithet draws attention to the fact that this taxon bears a superficial resemblance to species of Pluchea from which it can easily be distinguished by the presence of distinedy radiate rather than filiform tubular marginal florets. Notes. The patent, simple, septate eglandular hairs and the glandular hairs found on the vegetative parts of plants of this species place it in Olearia section Merismotriche. In the handbook of Grieve & Blackall (1975) specimens of this species key to O. rudis. O plucheacea can be distinguished from the latter by its leaves, which are narrowly linear rather than ovate, obovate or elliptic and 1-5 rather than 6-40 mm wide; by its ray which comprises 5-7 rather than 39-75 florets; by its disc, which comprises 3-5 rather than 86-241 florets; by its achene, which is villous rather than glabrous; and by its pappus, which lacks an outer series of short bristles. Although the J. Forrest specimen cited above is from F. Mueller’s herbarium, I have not encountered a duplicate at MEL. Further, this species is not amongst Mueller’s account of plant specimens collected by Forrest during his 1882 trigonometric survey of the Gascoyne region, many of which bear the locality "Minilyalya" (Mueller 1883). Acknowledgements I thank Mr J.J. Rainbird for research assistance and for preparing the illustrations, and Mr M.I.H. Brooker for providing the Latin diagnoses. Much vital background work towards my ongoing revision of Australian Olearia was carried out during my assignment as Australian Botanical Liaison Officer at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London, during 1984-5 and during subsequent visits to the National Herbarium of Victoria, Melbourne, in 1986 and 1987. This work has been further supported by Australian Biological Resources Study Grants in 1988 and 1989. References Anonymous (1987). "Shark Bay Region Plan." (State Planning Commission & Department of Conservation and Land Management: Perth.) Bentham, G. (1867). "Flora Australiensis.", vol. 3. (Lovell Reeve & Co.: London.) Burbidge, A. A. & George, A.S. (1978). The flora and fauna of Dirk Hartog Island, Western Australia. J. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 60:71-90. George, A.S. (1971). The plants seen and collected in North-Western Australia by Williatn Dampicr. W. Austral. Naturalist 11: 173-178. Grieve, B.J. & Blackall, W.E. (1975). "How to Know Western Australian Wildflowers." Part IV. (University of Western Australia Press: Nedlands.) Lander, N.S. (1989). Taxonomy of Olearia sluarlii (Asteraceae: Astereae) and allied species. Nuytsia 7: 25-35. N.S. Lander, Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) 159 Leigh, J., Briggs, J. & Hartley, W. (1981). "Rare or Threatened Australian Plants.” Special Publication 7. (Australian National Parks & Wildlife Service: Canberra.) Mueller, F.[J.H.] (1883). The plants indigenous to Shark Bay and its vicinity. Parliamentary Papers 26. (Government Printer: Perth.) Sandell, P. et al. (1988). "Draft Management Plan, Hamersley Range National Park." (Department of Conservation & Land Management: Perth.) Turner, B.L. (1970). Chromosome numbers in the Compositae. XII. Australian species. Amer. J. Bot. 57: 382-389. Nuytsia 7(2): 161-182(1990) 161 Taxonomic Studies of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) in Northern Australia P.K. Latz Conservation Commission of the Northern Territory, P.O. Box 1046, Alice Springs, N.T. 0871 Abstract Latz, P.K. Taxonomic studies of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) in northern Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 161-182 (1990). Die following new species are described: Fimbristylis arnhemensis, F. blakei, F. caloptera, F. carolinii, F. composila, F. dunlopii, F. laxiglumis, F . rupestris and F. simulans. F. alien 'd Turrill, F. oligocephala W. Fitzg. and F. stellata S. 1 . Blake are relegated to synonymy under F.furva R. Br., F. cephalophora F. Muell and F. schultzii Boeck, respectively. Problems with several other species are discussed. A key to Australian species is presented. Introduction Fimbristylis Vahl is a large world-wide genus of predominantly iropical distribution. In Australia it is more or less restricted to northern tropical and sub-tropical areas. S.T. Blake contributed much to our understanding of the Queensland species, so in this paper I concentrate mostly on the more westerly members of the genus. Much more research is required on this poorly collected but large and difficult group, especially in regard to the species occurring in Western Australia and also in regard to its generic limits. Description of New Species 1. Fimbristylis arnhemensis Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Fimbristylis subaristatae Benth. affinis sed nuce sine costis prominentibus, stylo glabro absque base bulbosa, bracteis involucralibus brevioribus, et absentia spicularum disticharum basalium differt. Typus: Deaf Adder Gorge (13° 02’ S, 132° 57’ E), Northern Territory, 21 February 1977, C.R. Dunlop 4333, (holo: DNA; iso: BRI, CANB n.v., NT). Sandy soil on rocky ledge on sandstone escarpment. 162 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) Annual with fibrous roofs. Stems densely lufted, setaceous, angular, smooth or hispidulous-scabrid just below the inflorescence, 2.5-16 cm x 0.25-0.4 mm. Leaves basal, c. half the length of die stems or shorter, erect, flattened or with margin inrolled, glabrous, abruptly terminating in an acute point, 0.4-0.7 mm wide; ligulc absent, sheaths stramineous, glabrous or with minute fringe of hairs on the upper margin. Inflorescence simple to decompound, consisting of (l-)2-9 spikelets; the rays up to 2 cm long. Involucral bracts 1-4, glume-like, mucronate or filiform, to 13 mm long. Spikelets solitary, lanceolate, subterete, acute, 6-20-flowered, 4. 5-8.0 x 1.0-1. 5 mm, rachilla broadly winged. Glumes spirally arranged, thinly membranous, erect, ovate-lanceolate, acute, glabrous; lower glumes shortly mucronate, the mucro often slightly recurved; upper glumes muticous, keeled, with 1 or 2 nerves on either side of central nerve, reddish brown except for the broad hyaline margins, 2. 0-3.0 x 1 .0-1.5 mm. Stamens 2-3; anthers linear, 0.5- 1.3 mm long. Style slender, glabrous, slightly thickened at base, 1.0-2. 5 mm long; stigmas 3, shorter than style. Nut obtusely trigonous, obovoid, obscurely tricostulate, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, tuberculate, stramineous, 0.5-0.8 x 0.3-0.4 mm; epidermal cells obscure. Other specimens examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: ESE of Mudginbcrry (12° 36’ S, 132° 58’ E), 19 Feb. 1973, C.R. Dunlop 3290 (BRI, CANB n.v., DNA, NT); Magela Creek (12° 40’ S, 133° 03’ E), 25 Feb. 1973, C.R. Dunlop 3362 (BRI, DNA, NSW n.v., NT); Deaf Adder Gorge (13° 02’ S, 132° 57’ E), 21 Feb. 1977, C.R. Dunlop 4466 (BRI, DNA, NT); Mt Brockman (12° 45’ S, 132° 53’ E), Feb. 1978, C.R. Dunlop 4680 (BRI, DNA, K n.v., NT); Arnhem Land (12° 55’ S, 135° 23’ E), 17 June 1972, P.K. Latz 3546 (BRI, DNA). Distribution. This species appears to be restricted to the sandstone escarpments in western Arnhem Land, Northern Territory. Habitat. Restricted to well-watered sandy soils on upper areas of sandstone escarpments. Affinities. Fimbristylis arnhemensis is closely related to F. subaristata but can be distinguished by its smaller, less prominently ribbed, pale nuts, glabrous style lacking a bulbous base, shorter involucral bracts and the absence of distichous basal spikelets. Conservation status. Although having a restricted distribution, this species does not appear to be rare or threatened. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the localised distribution of this taxa in the Arnhem Land region. 2. Fimbristylis blakei Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Fimbristylis denudatae R. Br. affinis spicul is grandioribus multioribus squarrosis, nuce rotundiore, glumis glandibus rubris dispersis differt; a spcciebus affinibus foliis rcductis ct glumis valde carinatis rcccdit. Typus: Davenport Ranges, Northern Territory, 23 Sept. 1983, P.K. Latz 9767 (holo: DNA; iso: BRI, NSW, PERTH). Spreading perennial. Restricted to area of springs at base of quartzite cliff. Precise locality withheld. Glabrous perennial with short rhizome. Stems erect or spreading, densely tufted, somewhat flattened above, striate, 8-50 cm x 0.6-1.2 mm. Cauline leaves reduced to 1-2(3) bladclcss, tubular, obliquely truncate, cinnamomcous-margined sheaths, the uppermost up to 10 cm long; juvenile plants with several subterete (up to 2.5 cm long) leaves which are soon lost; ligule absent. Inflorescence simple, rarely subcompound, with (1) 3-4 (9) spikelets, up to 3 cm long. Involucral bracts 1-2, glume-like, c. 3 mm long. Primary rays 0-6, generally erect, compressed, striate, up to 3 cm long; secondary rays when present 1-2, up to 1 cm long, rachilla broadly winged. Spikelets solitary, narrowly ovoid, angular, acute, many-flowered, pale reddish-brown, 8-18 x 2-3 mm. 163 P.K. Lalz, Fimbristylis Glumes spirally arranged, erect, ovate-lanceolate, densely reddish gland-dotted with minutely ciliolate margins, prominently keeled by the thickened mid-nerve which continues to a 0.3-0. 8 mm long recurved mucro; otherwise nerveless and thinly membranous, 3-4 x 1.3-1. 8 mm. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 1.4- 1.5 mm, connective apically produced, bristly at the top. Style flat (rarely triquetrous) swollen at the base, ciliate for whole length, sparsely below, 1.0- 1.6 mm long; stigmas 2(3), longer than style. Nut biconvex to trigonous, obovatc, shortly stipitatc, umbonulate, vcrruculose, stramineous, 1.1-1. 2 x 0. 9-1.0 mm; epidermal cells inconspicuously quadrangular or transversely oblong. Other specimens examined (precise locality withheld). NORTHERN TERRITORY: Calvert River 30 Sept. 1986, P.K. Latz 10375 (BRI, DNA, NT). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Ord River, 25 Oct. 1971, D. Kitchener 64 (DNA, PERTH); Hamersley Range, 15 May 1980, M.E. Trudgen 2594 (PERTH). Distribution. This species is only known from four widely separated locations in the Northern Territory and Western Australia between 16° and 21° S. Habitat. F. blakei appears to be restricted to permanently moist areas in rocky sandstone or quartzite hills. Affinities. This species has closest affinities with F. denudata R. Br. but it differs by the larger, squarrosc and more numerous spikelcts, more rounded nut and red gland-dotted glumes. It can be separated from other related species by its prominently keeled glumes and the absence of leaves. Conservation status. Although widespread, F . blakei appears to be quite rare. Using the Leigh, Briggs & Hartley (1981) convention, its status should be 3RC. Trampling by stock watering at the springs at which it grows may have already reduced its numbers. Etymology. The specific epithet honours the late Dr S.T. Blake who contributed so much towards the taxonomy of this genus. 3. Fimbristylis caloptera Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Ex Fimbrystylis cardiocarpa F. Mucll. et speciebus affinibus nuce manifeste alata; tantum F. pterygosperma R. Br. nuce alata affinis sed specierum australiensium proprietibus ceteris, differt. Typus: East Alligator River (12° 32’ S, 133° 09’ E), Northern Territory, 16 February 1973 C.R Dunlop 3269 (holo: DNA; iso: AD, BRI, CANB, K, L, MEL, NT, NSW, PERTH). Lateritic soil [on] edge [of] E[ ucalyptus] miniala forest. Annual. Stems tufted, terete or somewhat angular, deeply grooved, scabrid, 5-26(40) cm x 0.4-0.7 mm. Leaves basal, much shorter than the stems, erect or spreading, subtercte, ciliate on margins, 0.3-0.7 mm wide; ligule absent, sheaths with broad hyaline margins about 1 mm wide, white above, somewhat red gland-dotted below. Inflorescence a single terminal spikelct. Spikelet erect, lancelolate to ovoid, terete to somewhat flattened, acute, many-flowered, reddish-brown, 7-20 x 2-4 mm, rachilla narrowly winged. Glumes spiral, subchartaceous, ovale to oblong, obtuse to somewhat acute, muticous, with single nerve slightly thickened and keeled near apex, densely red gland-dotted and minutely appresscd-puberulous in the apical part, rarely sub-glabrous, 4. 5-6.5 x 2.0-3. 5 mm: lower 2-5 glumes shorter, empty, shortly mucronatc. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 1.5-2. 5 mm long, connective apically produced, ciliate at apex, 0.3-0. 3 mm. Style slender, compressed triquetrous, slightly thickened and somewhat rounded at base, ciliolate in upper half but sometimes almost glabrous, 2.8-5.0 mm long; stigmas 3, shorter than the style. Nut broadly winged, wings deeply invaginated with ciliate, hyaline margins, 5-7 lobes on cither side, sometimes also similarly winged on the third angle; body of nut compressed trigonous, obovoid, stipitate, not or hardly 164 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) umbonulate, stramineous or whitish, 3. 0-4. 5 x 2. 5-4.0 mm (including wings); epidermal cells isodiametric in vertical rows. Other specimens examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: 16 miles [24 km] NE of Katherine (14° 18’ S, 132° 05’ E), 25 March 1974, N. Forrester 69 (DNA); Gunn Point (12° 09’ S, 130° 58’ E), 7 May 1973,7. McKean 1101 (CANB n.v„ DNA); 0.5 miles [0.8 km] NW of Edith River Siding (14° 1 1 ’ S, 132° 01 ’ E), 30 Jan. 1965, 1.B. Wilson 211 (CANB n.v., DNA). Distribution. This species appears to be restricted to an area east and south-east of Darwin, Northern Territory. Habitat. Either occurring in lateritic or granitic, gravelly soils. Affinities. The only other Australian species which has similarly winged nuts is F. pterygosperma R. Br. but it is quite different in other parts. F. caloptera is related to F . cardiocarpa F. Muell. and its allies, all of which have wingless nuts. Conservation status. Unknown, but probably not particularly rare. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the attractive wings bordering the nut. 4. Fimbristylis carolinii Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Species nova spiculis grandibus multifloribus notabilis; Fimbristylis pterygosperma R. Br. aemulans nuce exalata, foliis cquitantibus, basi styli incrassata pyramidali et partibus omnibus grandioribus differt. Typus: N of Maggieville on Myravale road , Queensland, 20 April 1974, R.C. Carolin 8773, (holo: DNA; iso: NSW). Box woodland. Sandy loam. Precise locality withheld. Glabrous annual. Stems densely tufted, erect, somewhat Battened below, becoming terete above, sulcate, 30-55 cm x 1.0-1. 8 mm, the base clothed with laterally compressed, acuminate or shortly laminate, up to 11 cm long sheaths. Leaves much shorter than the stems, strongly laterally compressed, equitant, striate, without prominant mid-nerve, about 1-2 mm wide; ligule absent. Inflorescence consisting of a single terminal spikelet. Spikelet erect, cbractcate, broadly ovoid to obovoid, obtuse, very densely many-flowered, stramineous 10-25 x 6-8 mm; rhachilla winged. Glumes spiral, closely imbricate, membranous, oblong-ovate or oblong, obtuse with rounded apex, muticous, concave, 3-nerved, 4.0-4. 5 x 3 mm. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 2-3 mm long. Style triquetrous, pyramidally thickened at base, long hyaline-fimbriate on upper 1/4 otherwise glabrous, 3-4 mm long; stigmas 3, shorter than the style. Nut trigonous, turbinate, abruptly narrowed in lower half, with 3 ridges just above the small stipe, rugulose, umbonulate, greyish-white or greyish-brown, 1 .3-1.5 x 1.0-1. 3 mm, epidermal cells hexagonal. Distribution. F. carolinii is presently only known from the type location near the Gulf of Carpentaria, Queensland. Habitat. See Typus above. Affinities. This species is similar to F. pterygosperma R. Br. but it lacks the winged nut (although this is also sometimes absent in depauperate F. pterygosperma specimens), is larger in all parts, has equitant leaves and a different style. The large, many-flowered spikelets are unique in Australian species of Fimbristylis. P.K. Latz, Fimbrislylis 165 Conservation status. Not known, but probably rare, so under the Leigh, Briggs & Hartley (1981) convention its status should be IK. Etymology. The specific epithet honours Prof R.C. Carolin, who collected the only known specimen and who has contributed much towards our knowledge of the Australian Flora. 5. Fimbristylis composita Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Affinis arte Fimbrislylis arthrostyloides W. Fitzg. sed partibus omnibus parvioribus et spiculis plus differt, F. thouarsii (Kunth) Merr. aemulans sed glumis spiralibus, nucibus grandioribus, stylo longiorc et bracteis involucralibus latioribus recedit. Typus: Radon Creek area, 12 km S of Jabiru (12° 45’ S, 132° 54’ E), Northern Territory, 10 June 1978, P.K. Latz 7686 (holo: DNA; iso: NT). Erect perennial. Often dominant, in sand with Eriachne triseta. Leafless perennial with short rhizome, roots woolly-tomcntose. Stems densely tufted, terete but deeply grooved, densely scabrid to smooLh, (10) 77-155 cm x (0.35) 0.5-1.5 mm; at first erect then drooping. Leaves reduced to 2-3 bladelcss sheaths, the lower ones terminating in a short mucro, the upper with hyaline margins for c. 1 cm before terminating in a short mucro c. 0.2 mm long, often several short, broad stramineous bracts present at base. Inflorescence capitate, depressed globular or hemispherical with (6) 20-50 spikelels, up to 1 cm in diameter but sometimes much reduced (rarely to a single fully developed spikeiel). Involucral bracts numerous, 10-40, up to 8mm long, scabrid, the outer 2 flattened (0.2-0.3 mm broad), the inner ones becoming setaceous. Spikelets sessile, eventually falling off as a whole, somewhat compressed, acute, apparently consistently 1 -flowered, 4. 5- 5. 5 mm long, c. 1 mm wide. Glumes 5(6), spirally arranged, lanceolate, with 3-nerved keel and nerveless hyaline margin, at first green on the keel and white on the margin; eventually stramineous or light-brown, the lowest 3 awned, scabrid above, the 2 uppermost acute and mostly glabrous. Glume 1 (the lowest); 2.5-3.6 mm long, c. 0.5 mm wide, tapering into a 1.0- 1.6 mm long awn, scabrid on upper half. Glume 2; 3.0-3.6 mm long, c. 1.0 mm wide, tapering into a 1.2 mm long awn, scabrid on upper 1/3. Glume 3\ 3.5-4. 5 mm long, c. 1.5 mm broad, with a 1 mm long awn, scabrid on upper half. Glume 4\ 4-5 mm x 1.5-2.2 mm, acute. Glume 5 (fertile glume); 3.5-4.5 x 1 .5- 2.0 mm, acute; this and glume 4 with minutely ciliolate margins or glabrous. Stamens 3, anthers linear with 0.5-0.7 mm long glabrous terminal point, 3.0-3. 5 mm long and c. 0.3 mm wide. Style triquetrous, thickened at base, shortly ciliatc on upper half, 4-6 mm long, stigmas 3, ciliolate, about half the length of the style. Nut obtusely trigonous or almost rounded, ellipsoid or obovoid, conspicuously stipitate, scarcely umbonulatc, rugulosc, pale-brown to silvery-grey, 1.8-3. 0 by 1.0- 1.2 mm including the 0.5-0.7 mm long stipe, which is brown to yellow-brown. Selected specimens from 21 collections examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Katherine Gorge (14" 19’ S, 132 u 25’ E), 13 Oct. 1946, S.T. Blake 17212 (BRI, DNA); Adelaide River (13° 20’ S, 131 05’ E), 26 Jan. 1972, N. Byrnes 2476 (CANB n.v., DNA, NT); 44 km SE of Ocnpclli (12 ff 34’ S, 133 u 23’ E), 15 June 1978, P.K. Latz 7797 (DNA, NT); Edith Falls (14 ff 11’ S, 132° 11’ E) 18 June 1978, P.K. Latz 7814 (DNA, NSW); U.D.P. Falls (13 7) 30’ S, 123° 30’ E), 18 Sept. 1984, P.K. Latz 9950 (DNA, NSW); Nourlangic Rock (12° 57’ S, 132° 50’ E), 3 May 1972, R. Schodde AE 33 (CANB n.v., DNA, NT). Distribution and habitat. F. composita is restricted to sandstone ranges east and south-east of Darwin, Northern Territory. Affinities. This species is similar to F. thouarsii (Kunth) Merr. but differs by its spiral glumes, larger nuts, longer style and broader involucral bracts. It is probably more closely related to F. arthrostyloides W. Fitz. which is bigger in all parts and has fewer spikelets in the inflorescence. (All three species may be better placed in Aclinoschoenus Bcnth). 166 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) Conservation status. Although F. composita is restricted in distribution, it appears not to be rare or threatened. Etymology. The specific eptihet refers to the composite inflorescence. 6. Fimbristylis dunlopii Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Fimbristylis rectae F. Bail, affinis sed plerumque spiculis numerosioribus, glumis parvioribus, nuc pyiformi,basi slyli bulbosa differt; a F. neilsonii F. Muell. spiculis paucioribus, vaginis foliorum sine marginbus latis hyalinis dislinguitur. Typus: Tabletop Range, Northern Territory, 19 May 1985, C.R. Dunlop 6782 (holo: DNA; iso: NSW). Annual in white sand in seasonally wet area. Precise locality withheld. Annual. Stems erect, somewhat flattened, sulcate, minutely and densely scabrid above, becoming glabrous below, 7-57 cm x 0.5- 1.0 mm. Leaves shorter than the stems, rather rigid, flat, 8-12-nerved, abruptly terminating into a blunt apex, glabrous but scabrid on margins, up to 23 cm long and (1-) 2-4 mm wide, sheaths with somewhat hyaline margins, gradually narrowing onto the leaf blade, hairy on margins above; upper sheaths up to 12.5 cm long, lower sometimes reduced to bracts; ligule absent. Inflorescence consisting of (1-) 2-3 spikclcts, the rays when present 1.8-2. 5 mm long. Involucral bracts glume-like, c. 8 mm long. Spikelets solitary, erect, ovoid, somewhat acute, many-flowered, pale-brown, 8-12 x 3. 5-5.0 mm; rachilla winged. Glumes spiral, membranous, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, with long-ciliate margins, reddish gland-dotted in upper half, 9-1 1 -nerved, 5.0-5.5 x 2.5-3.0 mm, central nerve thickened, greenish, terminating below upper margin, bordered on both sides by a yellowish stripe. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 2.5-3.0 mm long. Style triquetrous, slender but abruptly thickened into the bulbous base, glabrous, becoming twisted, 3.5-4.0 mm long, stigmas 3, about as long as the style. Nut trigonous, pyriform, truncate, abruptly narrowed in lower half, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, tuberculate in upper half, white, 1.5-1. 8 x 1.3-1. 5 mm; epidermal cells obscure. Other specimens examined (precise localities withcld). NORTHERN TERRITORY: Darwin area, 11 Feb. 1961, H.S. McKee 8383 (CANB n.v., DNA); near Daly River road, 4 Jan. 1964, C.S. RobinsonRIOl (DNA); Cox’s Peninsula, 27 March 1948, R.L. Specht 62 (BRI, DNA). Distribution. This species is only known from four collections in the Darwin region of the Northern Territory. Habitat. Either occurring in moist sandy or skeletal lateritic soils, in Eucalyptus open-forest. Affinities. F. dunlopii has affinities with F. recta F. Bail, but can be readily separated by the fact that it rarely has solitary spikelets, and by its smaller glumes, pyriform nut (unequally trigonous in F. recta ) and bulbous style base. F. dunlopii also has some affinities to F. neilsoni F. Muell. but can be easily separated by the fewer spikelets and the absence of wide hyaline margins on the leaf sheaths. Conservation status. Unknown, but probably rare. Etymology. The specific epithet honours Mr Clyde R. Dunlop, whose collections have contributed much to further our understanding of this difficult genus. P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 167 7. Fimbristylis laxiglumis Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Ab affinibus Fimbristylis solidifolia F. Muell. et F. clavata S.T. Blake sed partibus omnibus gradioribus, foliis pubescentioribus, glumis marginibus ciliatis distinguenda; a F. corynocarya F. Muell. glumis obtusis, nuce laevi, folius eligulatis distinguenda. Typus: Near Dunmarra Roadhouse, Northern Territory, 20 June 1974, P.K. Latz 5484 (holo: DNA; iso: BR1, L, NT, PERTFI). Erect annual. Quite rare in grey cracking clay, Eucalyptus microtheca grassland. Precise locality withheld. Annual. Stems densely tufted, erect, deeply grooved, 4-5-angular, with numerous short fine hairs (especially above), 10-80 cm x 1-4 mm; the base cloLhcd with broad, papery leaf-sheaths. Leaves less than half the length of the stems, somewhat rigid, flat or incurved, striate, acuminate, densely hairy below, less so above, c. 3.0-3.5 mm wide; no ligule. Inflorescence compound or decompound, rather dense with (2) 5-numerous spikclets, about 6 cm long and wide. Involucral bracts 3-5, the lowest shorter than the inflorescence. Primary rays several, erecto-patent, grooved, densely hairy, up to 5.5 cm long. Spikelets solitary, broadly ovoid, ragged below, obtuse, many-flowered, 9-25 x 5-7 mm; rachilla winged. Glumes spiral, chartaceous, becoming reflexed before falling and giving the spikclcl a ragged appearance, oblong-ovate, obtuse, muticous or shortly and bluntly mucronulate, 3.6-4.0 x 2.0-3.0 mm, with strong mid-nerve bordered on both sides by a yellowish stripe, ferrugineous or brownish sides and densely ciliate margins. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 2.0-2.5 mm long. Style triquetrous, slightly thickened at base, sparsely ciliolate, 2. 0-2. 5 mm long; stigmas 3, about as long as the style. Nut obtusely trigonous, narrowly clavate, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, smooth or sparsely vcrruculose, usually white, 1.0-1. 3 x 0.4-0.6 mm; epidermal cells transversely linear. Other specimens examined (precise localities withheld). NORTHERN TERRITORY: NE of Roper River Mission, May 1921, MS. Tindale s.n. (DNA, NSW n.v.). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Kimberley Research Station, 13 April 1963, P.J. Rijn s.n. (DNA). Distribution. F. laxiglumis apparently occurs occasionally in the Northern Territory and Western Australia between 14° 30’ S and 17° S. Habitat. This species appear to grow only in cracking grey clays, near water. Affinities. F. laxiglumis is related to both F. solidifolia F. Muell. and F. clavata S.T. Blake but is larger in all parts, has more hairs on its leaves and ciliate glume fringes. It differs from F. corynocarya by its obtuse glumes, smooth nut and absence of a ligule. Conservation status. Although widespread, F . laxiglumis appears to be rare. Trampling by stock watering at the water bodies on the edge of which it occurs may be affecting its continued existence. Using the Leigh, Briggs & Hartley (1981) convention its status should be 3R. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the ragged appearance of the mature spikelets caused by the reflexed glumes. 8. Fimbristylis rupestris Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Ex Fimbristylis trachycarya F. Muell. et specierum affinium, habitu parvo annuo, ligula deficienti, inflorescentia simplici, glumis emarginatis, marginibus distalibus ciliatis glumarum, stylo glabro, nuc subglobosa cellulis epidermidis quinquangularis isodiametris distinguenda. Typus : Mitchell River (14° 50’ S, 125° 42’ E), Western Australia, 23 Feb. 1980, C.R. Dunlop 5265, (holo: DNA; iso: NT, PERTH). In shallow, sandy seepage on sandstone pavement. 168 Nuytsia Vol.7,No.2 (1990) Erect annual. Stems rigid, somewhat flattened, deeply grooved, glabrous, 8-17 cm x 0. 3-0.7 mm. Leaves basal, about half the length of the stems, somewhat recurved, flattened or with margins inrollcd, ciliatc on margins or glabrous, 5-7-nerved above, gradually narrowing to an acute apex, 3-8 cm x 0.6-1.5 mm; ligule absent; sheaths glabrous, many-nerved with wide hyaline margins, up to 3.5 cm long, rarely reduced to bracts. Inflorescence simple with (1) 2-5 spikclets, 2-5 cm long. Involucral bracts 1-5 with narrow hyaline margins, ciliate on upper margins or glabrous, up to 1.5 cm long; rays spreading, similar to stems. Spikelets solitary, erect, narrowly ovoid, angular, acute, 5-25-flowered, reddish-brown, 5-10 x 2.-5 mm; rachilla winged. Glumes spirally arranged, erect, broadly ovate, shortly cmarginate, margins membranous, red gland-dotted, forming 2 apical lobes, ciliatc in the upper half; 1.8-2. 5 x 1.5- 1.8 mm, reddish-brown except for greenish central nerve, which is thickened above to continue into a short recurved muero and is bordered on both sides by a yellowish snipe; lower 2 glumes long mucronate. Stamens (2)3; anthers linear, 0.7- 1.0 mm long. Style trigonous, distinctly swollen at the base, glabrous, 0. 9-1.2 mm long; stigmas 3, about as long as the style. Nut trigonous, obovate, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, sparsely verruculosc, dark brown, 0.8-1. 2 x 0.8-1. 0 mm, epidermal cells isodiametrically pentagonal. Other specimens examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Cox River Station, Tanumbirini Creek (16° OH S 134° 47’ E), 11 July 1977, P.K. Latz 7855 (DNA); Echo Gorge area, Wollogorang Station (17° 12’ S, 137° 42’ E), 9 June 1987, P.K. Latz 10500 (BRI, DNA, NSW, PERTH). Distribution. F. rupestris is presently only known from three locations in the drier tropical areas of Western Australia and the Northern Territory between 14° 30’ S and 17° 30’ S. Habitat. This species appears to be restricted to skeletal soil on quartzite or sandstone ranges. Affinities. F. rupestris is closely related to F. trachycarya F. Muell. and its allies, but it can be separated by the combination of certain characters; namely being a small annual with eligulate leaves, and having a simple inflorescence and cmarginate glumes which arc ciliate on the upper margins. It has a glabrous style and a subglobular nut with isodiametrically pentagonal epidermal cells. Conservation status. There is no reason to suspect that F. rupestris is either rare or threatened; the lack of collections is probably due to the paucity of botanical collections in the area in which it occurs and its resemblance to other, more common, members of this genus. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the preference of this species for a rocky habitat. 9. Fimbristylis simulans Latz, sp. nov. (Figure 2) Ex Fimbristylis cardiocarpa F. Muell. et specierum affinium marginibus lads hyalinis foliorum vaginarum, foliis glabris, nervo centrali glumarum fertilium mucroni procurrenti, nuce obovoidea distinguenda. Typus: Coodna Waterhole (19° 18’ S, 134° 14’ E), Phillip Creek Station, Northern Territory, 1 June 1975, P.K. Latz 6015 (holo: DNA; iso: BRI, L, NT). Erect annual. Infrequent in skeletal soil, recently burnt outcrop; Triodia pungens and Eucalyptus leucophloia open-woodland. Annual. Stems weak, densely tufted, terete, sulcate, glabrous (rarely sparsely scabrid), few-leaved at the base, 17-30 cm by 0.3-0.6 mm but often reduced and as little as 1 cm tall. Leaves the length of the stems or less, at first somewhat flattened by soon becoming inrollcd and terete, scabrid on rmtrgins (rarely glabrous), strongly nerved, 0. 3-0.6 mm wide; sheaths with wide hyaline margins, wider than central portion of sheath in upper part, abruptly terminated; ligule absent. Inflorescence a single terminal spikelet. Spikelets erect, lanceolate, obovoid, terete, acute, densely many-flowered, pale reddish-brown, 7-27 x 2-4 mm; rachilla winged. Glumes spirally arranged, thinly membranous, erect, ovate-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, not or indistinctly keeled, with single P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 169 central nerve and microscopically ciliolate margins at the apex, densely reddish gland-dotted, 4. 5-6.0 x 1.7-2. 2 mm. Stamens 3; anthers linear 2. 5-3.0 mm long. Style slender, glabrous 2. 5-4.0 mm; base bulbous; stigmas 3, much shorter than the style, sparsely ciliolate. Nut trigonous, tricostate, with somewhat convex sides, obovoid to turbinate, shortly stipitate, umbonulate, tuberculate on upper halt, shining black at maturity, 1.2-1. 5 x 1.2-1. 4 mm; epidermal cells obscure, oblong to hexagonal in vertical rows. Selected specimens from 15 collections examined. NORTHERN TERRITORY: Negri River area (17° 10’ S, 129° 15’ E), 4 May 1974, C.R. Dunlop 41 10 (DNA, NT); Tanami Desert (20° 1 1’ S, 129° 43’ E), 3 July 1980, P.K. Latz 8399 (AD, CANB, DNA, MEL, NSW, PERTH); Frankema Rise, 9 km W of Rabbit Flat (20° 10’ S 129° 53’ E), 5 July 1983, P.K. Latz 9570 (BRI, DNA, K, NSW). WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 33 miles [53 km] S of Sturt Creek Homstead (19° 39’ S, 128° 12’ E), 20 July 1973, P.K. Latz 4032 (BRI, CANB, DNA, PERTH); above Dales Gorge, Hamersley Ranges National Park (22° 20’ S, 118° 35’ E), 8 Aug. 1974, A.C. Beauglehole 48607 (DNA, PERTH); 6.5 km NE of Mary River Crossing, Great Northern Highway (18° 41 ’ S, 126° 42’ E), 19 June 1976, A.C. Beauglehole 43249 (DNA, PERTH); White Mountain Hills, near Ord River Station, East Kimberley (17° 16’ S, 128° 58’ E), 20 April 1977, R. Pullen n.v. (CANB n.v., DNA). Distribution. F. simulans occurs over a wide area of the semi-arid zone of the Northern Territory and Western Australia between 17° and 22° S. Habitat. This species mostly occurs on gravelly slopes dominated by Triodia spp. and Eucalyptus brevifolia or E. leucophloia. It appears to be most common the first year after fire. Affinities. F. simulans is closely related to F. cardiocarpa F. Muell. and its allies but it is characterized by its wide, hyaline, leaf-sheath margins, its glabrous leaves (± scabrid on the margins), its fertile glumes with a single central nerve which is produced into a distinct mucro, and its dark obovoid nut. Conservation status. Not considered rare or endangered. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its similarity to the other plants in this difficult group of species with solitary, gland-dotted spikelets. Comments on other Species Fimbristylis cephalophora F. Muell., Fragm. 1: 196 (1859). Type : Upper Victoria River, Northern Territory,/ 7 . Mueller s.n. (holo: MEL n.v.; iso: BRI, KEW n.v.). F. oligocephala Fitzg., Roy. Soc. Western Australia 3: 120 (1918). Type : Packhorse Range, Western Australia, W.V. Fitzgerald s.n. (holo: PERTH). Blake (1969, 7-10) clarified the confusion that occurs between F.furva R. Br., F. capitata R. Br. and F. cephalophora in Bentham (1878). In his description of F. oligocephala , Fitzgerald did not provide features that distinguish it from other species. Having examined type material of both of the above species, I am of the opinion that F. oligocephala should be considered conspecific with F . cephalophora. Fimbristylis furva R. Br., Prodr. 228 (1810) Type : Booby Island and Endeavour River, Queensland, J. Banks & D. Solander s.n. (holo: BM, fragment n.v. and photo BRI; iso: BRI, MEL n.v.). 170 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) Figure 1 . A - B F imbristylis arnhemensis (drawn from C.R. Dunlop 4333). A - Glume. B - Style. C - Nut. D-GF. blakei (drawn from PK Latz 9767). D - Glume. E - Style. F - Nut. H - J F. caloptera (drawn from CR. Dunlop 3269). H - Glume. I - Style. J - Nut. K - M F. carolinii (drawn from R C. Carolin 8773). K - Glume. L - Style. M - Nut. N - P F. composita (drawn from P.K. Latz 7686). N - Glume-4. O - Style. P - Nut. Q - S F. dunlopii (drawn from R.L. Specht 62). Q - Glume. R - Style. S - Nut. P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 171 F. allenii Turrill, Kew Royal Bot. Gdns. Bull. Misc. Inf. (1915) 1 17. Type : near Darwin, Northern Territory, C.E.F. Allen 170 (holo: K; iso: NSW). F.furva is a variable species (Blake 1969). After examination of the type material of both of these species, I consider that F. allenii falls well within the range of variation and should be considered conspecific with F.furva. Fimbristylis schulzii Boeck. Linnaea 38 (1874) 391. F. stellata S.T. Blake, Proc. Roy. Soc. Qld. 58(2): 46 (1947). Type', c. 50 miles NW of Munyana, Queensland, S.T. Blake 17241 (holo: BRI). In his description of F. stellata Blake (1947) gave what appears to be valid differences between it and F. schultzii (but see also Kern 1974: 559-10). On close examination of a large number of collections I have, however, found numerous intermediates and must therefore consider these two species to be conspecific. Figure 2. A - C Fimbristylis laxiglwnis (drawn from P.K. Latz 5484). A - Glume. B - Style. C - Nut. D - F. rupestris (drawn from CJt. Dunlop 5265). D - Glume. E - Style. F-Nut. G - 1 F. simulans (drawn from P.K. Latz 6015) 172 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) Key to Fimbristylis in Australia A draft key to all the Australian species of Fimbristylis has been prepared and is now presented. Twelve taxa of uncertain affinities arc included in the key. Several of these may be better placed in Actinoschoenus Benth. or Trachystylis S.T. Blake (or even a new genus) but arc placed in Fimbristylis for convenience, at this stage. Further collections and research arc required to clarify the situation. I have excluded Fimbristylis rhyticarya F. Muell. in the key as I agree with Kern (1974) dial it should be relegated to synonymy under F. acuminata Vahl. la. Glumes spirally arranged 2 b. Glumes (at least in young spikelets) distichous; sometimes becoming twisted with age. Spikelets strongly laterally compressed, similar to those in Cyperus 1 14 2a. Nut sub-cylindrical, oblong-linear in outline 3 b. Nut not oblong-linear in outline 4 3a. Inflorescence a single terminal spikelet, glumes obtuse, 3-5 mm long F. tetragona b. Inflorescence compound, glumes mucronatc, 1-2 mm long F. dipsacea 4a. Stigmas 3, nut trigonous or triquetrous 5 b. Stigmas 2, nut biconvex 82 5a. Spikelets solitary on the stem 6 b. Spikelets more than one on each stem 28 6a. Nut winged 7 b. Nut not winged (sometimes with an apical ridge) 8 7a. Wing rounded, glumes obovate F pterygosperma b. Wing divided, glumes lanceolate 3. F. caloptera 8a. Nut with transverse wavy ridges (sometimes obscure in F. punctata) 9 b. Nut smooth or tuberculate, wavy ridges absent, or restricted to lower third of nut 1 1 9a. Spikelets 1-2 flowered, nut 2.5-3 mm long F. sp. A b. Spikelets many flowered, nut less than 2.5 mm long 10 10a. Style glabrous 1 mm long, glumes glabrous, 2. 5-3. 5 mm long F. ammobia b. Style hairy 2 mm long or more, glumes softly hairy above, 5-6 mm long .... F. punctata 1 la. Spikelets oblique or at right angles to the stem 12 b. Spikelets exactly terminal (except F. trigastrocarya where the spikelet is sometimes pushed to one side by the involucral bract) 14 12a. Glume with two terminal wings, glabrous F. costiglumis b. Glume apices rounded, with ciliate margins 13 Nuytsia 7(2): 161-182(1990) 173 13a. Glumes less than 3 mm long, leaves glabrous, (except for ciliate margins), nut less than 1.2 mm long; in sandy soils F. densa b. Glumes greater than 3 mm long, leaves hairy (often sparsely), nut greater than 1.2 mm long; in gravelly soils F. xyridis 14a. Glumes with ciliate margins (sometimes obscure), conspicuously red gland-dotted, leafy plants with glabrous styles 15 b. Glumes glabrous, not or inconspicuously gland-dotted, leafy or leafless, styles glabrous or hairy 23 15a. Leaves flat, 2-4 mm wide, glumes greater than 4.5 mm long with thickened raised mid-nerve, nut pale 16 b. Leaves incurved or terete, less than 2 mm wide, other characters not combined 17 16a. Nut pyriform, style with large bulbous base 6. F. dunlopii b. Nut unequally trigonous, style with tapering base F. recta 17a. Mature nuts white or pale brown, glumes obtuse with a conspicuous yellowish stripe on either side of the central nerve 18 b. Mature nuts brown or black, glumes acute, central nerve only conspicuous 20 18a. Glumes greater than 3 mm long, stems with fine stiff hairs, nut 0.9- 1.4 mm long, somewhat flattened on back F. sp. B b. Glumes less than 3 mm long, stem scabrid, nut less than 0.9 mm long, somewhat rounded on back 19 19a. Nut sub-globular, glumes densely overlapping, spikelels obtuse, style only slightly twisted at maturity F. sphaecocephala b. Nut obovoid, constricted just below middle, glumes less dense, spikclct acute, style strongly twisted at maturity F . trigastrocarya 20a. Fertile glumes mucronate, nerve tip extending well past glume margin, leaf sheaths with wide conspicuous hyaline margins, leaves scabrid on margins or smooth 9. F. simulans b. Fertile glumes acute, nerve tip not extending past glume margin, if leaf sheaths with wide conspicuous hyaline margins then leaves hairy 21 21a. Nut 3-lobed, sub-globular, foliage densely scabrid F. leucocolea b. Nut not 3-lobed, flattened on back, foliage sparsely scabrid 22 22a. Glumes greater than 4.7 mm long, nut broadly ovate to cuneate, usually tuberculate, epidermal cells hexagon^ or isodiamctric F. cardiocarpa b. Glumes less than 4.7 mm long, nut obovate, smooth, epidermal cells conspicuously transversely oblong in vertical rows on each face F. sp. C 23a. Nut abruptly constricted above base, style either with hyaline margin or dense tuft of hairs in upper portion, spikclets generally greater than 5 mm wide 24 b. Nut gradually narrowed below, style glabrous or sparsely ciliate, spikelets less than 5 mm wide 25 174 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) 24a. Nut about as wide as broad, style greater than 2.7 mm long, leaves equitant 4. F. carolinii b. Nut flattened, style less than 2.7 mm long, leaves not equitant F. pterygosperma 25a. Glumes acute, usually greater than 3 mm long, lowest (empty) glume more than half as long as spikelet 26 b. Glumes obtuse, usually less than 3 mm long, lowest glume less than half the length of the spikelet 27 26a. Style 3-5 mm long, leaf sheaths disintegrating into fine reticulate (herring bone) fibres, glumes 1 nerved F . dictyocolea b. Style 1 .5-3 mm long, leaf sheaths not as above, glumes obscurely several nerved F. pauciflora 27a. Stamens 3, glumes greater than 2 mm long, perennial F. simplex b. Stamens 1 (-2), glumes less than 2 mm long, annual F. modesta 28a. Spikelets all, or majority, solitary 29 b. Spikelets all, or majority, clustered (in a composite head, or heads) 71 29a. Mature spikelets greater than 3.8 mm wide 30 b. Mature spikelets less than 3.8 mm wide 37 30a. Style glabrous, upper stems scabrid 31 b. Style hairy, upper stems glabrous or clothed with fine dense hairs 33 31a. Style less than 2.5 mm long, nut not tuberculate (its cells transversely lineolate), glumes less than 3.5 mm long F. clavata b. Style greater than 2.5 mm long, mature nut tuberculate, glumes greater than 3.5 mm long 32 32a. Glume fringes long-ciliolate, spikelets generally less than 4 per head, leaves smooth, sheaths without wide hyaline margins 6. F. dunlopii b. Glumes fringes shordy ciliolate or glabrous, spikelets generally more than 4 per head, leaves scabrid with wide hyaline margins F. neilsonii 33a. Glume fringes ciliolate whole length, involucral bracts hairy 34 b. Glume fringes glabrous or ciliolate on upper margins, involucral bracts glabrous or with ciliate margins 35 34a. Glume with nerve continuing past lip which is usually reflexed, mature nut tuberculate, distinct ligule present F. corynocarpa b. Glume not mucronate, mature nut smooth or sparsely verruculose, distinct ligule absent 7. F. laxiglumis 35a. Style greater than 3 mm long, winged above, glumes sharply acute F. insignis b. Style less than 3 mm long, not winged above, glumes obtuse 36 36a. Nut clavate, style less than 1.3 mm long, glumes glabrous F. solidifolia P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 175 b. Nut rounded, style generally greater than 1 .3 mm long, glumes minutely ciliolate on upper margins F. rara 37a. Style glabrous 38 b. Style hairy (sometimes only at base) 57 38a. Style either less than 1 mm long or glumes less than 1.9 mm long, or both (F. cymosa, F. littoralis and F. rupeslris are often intermediate and key both ways) 39 b. Style greater than 1 mm long, glumes greater than 1.9 mm long 46 39a. Perennial with stiff leaves F. cymosa b. Annuals with soft leaves 40 40a. Spikelets sub-globular, leaves equitant or spongy 4 1 b. Spikelets acute and ragged, leaves flat or absent 42 41a. Stamens 3, nut obovate, glume fringes ciliolate at apex F.rara b. Stamens 1-2, nut clavate, glume fringes glabrous F. littoralis 42a. Inflorescence simple with less than 7 spikelets, nut epidermal cells isodiametric 8. F. rupestris b. Inflorescence compound with more than 7 spikelets, nut epidermal cells transversely linear 43 43a. Ligule present, nerves on leaves several, not raised or thickened F. microcarya b. Ligule absent, leaves with prominenL mid-rib and rib-like margins 44 44a. Underside of leaves ciliate (especially in lower part), glume fringes ciliolate at apex 45 b. Underside of leaves glabrous, glumes glabrous F . miliacea 45a. Fertile glumes mucronate with narrow hyaline margin, stems less than 1 mm wide F. elegans b. Fertile glumes obtuse with wide hyaline margins, stems more than 1 mm wide F. trachycarya 46a. Perennials with stiff leaves 47 b. Annuals with soft leaves 50 47a. Ligule present, stems flattened 2-3 mm wide F. complanata b. Ligule absent, stems rounded or angled 48 48a. Glumes greater than 2.8 mm long, spikelets sub-distichous, greater than 2 mm wide F . eragrostis b. Glumes less than 2.8 mm long, spikelets spirally arranged, less than 2 mm wide 49 49a. Glumes with 0.4 mm long awn f . sp. D b. Glumes obtuse f. cymosa 176 Nuyisia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) 50a. Stems flattened, nut smooth but with deeply sculptured cells F. micans b. Stems terete or angled, mature nuts tuberculate or ridged 5 1 51a. Nut with 7-10 coarse transverse ridges F. ammobia b. Nut without transverse ridges 52 52a. Style 3-4 mm long, glumes 4-5 mm long F. sp. F b. Style less than 3 mm long, glumes less than 3.5 mm long 53 53a. Fertile glumes sharply acute or awned, 2-3 mm long 54 b. Fertile glumes obtuse, muticate, generally less than 2.6 mm long 56 54a. Glumes ciliate on upper margin, nut epidermal cells transversely lineolate F. sp. F b. Glumes glabrous, nut cells not transversely lineolate 55 55a. Mature nut white or stramineous, less than 0.5 mm wide 1. F. arnhemenis b. Mature nut dark brown, greater than 0.5 mm wide F. subaristata 56a. Glumes and spikelets obtuse, stems nerved F. rara b. Glumes and spikelets acute, stems deeply grooved F. phaeoleuca 57a. Plants less than 20 cm tall, inflorescence simple (spikelets less than 10) 8. F . rupestris b. Plants greater than 20 cm tall, inflorescence compound (spikelets more than 10) 58 58a. Glumes less than 2.6 mm long, style less than 2 mm long 59 b. Glumes greater than 2.6 mm long, style generally greater than 2 mm long (if less then glume awned) 66 59a. Nut maturing purplish-black, glume margins hairy, style base hairy 60 b. Mature nuts white or dark brown, other characters not combined 61 60a. Glumes acute, style twisted at maturity, glumes subdistichous F.furva b. Glumes with 2 obtuse lobes, style not twisted, glumes spiral F. macassarcnsis 61a. Glumes and spikelets obtuse, spikelets 2.5 mm wide F. rara b. Glumes and spikelets acute, spikelets generally less than 2.5 mm wide 62 62a. Small annual, stamens 1 (2), glumes less than 1.6 mm long F. milacea b. Perrcnials, stamens 3 (2), glumes generally greater than 1.6 mm long 63 63a. Rhizomatous or stoloniferous perennials, leaves narrow (subterete) with long hairs on lower margins 64 b. Tufted perennials, leaves flattened or inrolled, shortly scabrid on lower margins 65 P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 177 64a. Style ciliate at base, glumes sub-distichous, rhizotomous plant F. cinnomometorum b. Style base glabrous, glumes spiral, stoloniferous plant F. vagans 65a. Style with relatively long conspicuous hairs for most of its length, nut maturing white; desert plant F. eremophila b. Style shortly hairy above, nut maturing dark brown; coastal plant F. cymosa 66a. Fertile glumes with 1-1.5 mm long scabrid awns, leafy annuals F. signata b. Fertile glumes not awned, perennials or leafy annuals 67 67a. Small annual with distichous basal spikelets, apical spikelets 1-5, glumes glabrous F. spiralis b. Perennials without basal spikelts, apical spikelets generally numerous, glumes glabrous or hairy 68 68a. Glumes ciliate on margins, nuts maturing black 69 b. Glumes glabrous or minutely ciliolate on margins (then style base glabrous), mature nuts stramineous or brown 70 69a. Style ciliate whole length, glumes less than 3.5 mm long, spikelets less than 1 cm long F.furva b. Style ciliate at base only, glumes greater than 3.5 mm long, spikelets generally greater than 1 cm long F. lanceolata 70a. Leaves flat, glabrous, style winged or ciliate above, tufted plant F.insignis b. Leaves subterete, hairy on lower margins, style ciliate at base, glabrous above, rhizotomous plant F. cinnamometorum 71a. Spikelets capitate 70 b. Spikelets not capitate (sometimes stunted F. neilsonii appearing capitate) 79 72a. Fertile spikelets 1 (-2) flowered, style greater than 2.8 mm long, nut with spongy attachment on stipe 73 b. Fertile spikelets 2-many flowered, style less than 2.3 mm long, nut without attachment on stipe 76 73a. Spikelets 4-many per head, fertile glumes less than 5 mm long 74 b. Spikelets 3 or less per head, fertile glumes greater than 5 mm long 75 74a. Glumes spiral, style 4 mm long or more, spikelets all erect or suberect 5. F. composiia b. Glumes sub-distichous, style less than 4 mm long, outer spikelets becoming reflexcd at maturity F. sp. G 75a. Glumes sub-distichous, lowest glume subequal to spikelets, stems hairy F. arthrostyloides b. Glumes spiral, lowest glume about one third of length of spikclet, stems cilitate or glabrous F. sp. H 178 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) 76a. Underside of leaves and involucral bracts silky-hairy F. sericea b. Underside of leaves and bracts glabrous or ciliate on margins, or absent 77 77a. Fertile glumes sparsely gland-dotted, distinctly awned, nut pyriform to obovoid F. schultzii b. Fertile glumes densely gland-dotted, central nerv e protruding only slightly past tip, nut sub-globular 78 78a. Style glabrous or sparsely and shordy ciliate at base, glumes lobed but somewhat acute, lowest glumes glabrous on central nerve F. cephalophora b. Style densely long ciliate at base, glume with 2 broad lobes at apex, ciliate on central nerve F. compacta 79a. Leaves densely silky pubescent beneath, glumes pubescent F. sericea b. Leaves not densely silky pubescent beneath, glumes ciliate on margins only or glabrous 80 80a. Glumes greater than 2.2 mm long, ciliate on upper margins, mature nuts usually tuberculate 81 b. Glumes less than 2.2 mm long, glabrous, mature nut smooth or sparsely verruculose F. cymosa 81a. Glumes greater than 3.5 mm long, style glabrous, leaves with wide hyaline margins F. neilsonii b. Glumes less than 3.5 mm long, style hairy, leaves (if present) without wide hyaline margins F.furva 82a. Nut with transverse, wavy ridges, one spikclel per stem 83 b. Nut longitudinally striate, finely reticulate, smooth or tuberculate, spikelets usually more than one per stem 91 83a. Glumes hairy, or if glabrous, then rest of plant densely hairy 84 b. Plants glabrous 85 84a. Leaves hairy, nut broadly ellipsoid, upper glumes glabrous F. pilifera b. Leaves scabrid on margins, otherwise glabrous, nut obovate, upper glumes with short fine hairs above F . punctata 85a. Majority of spikelets nodding 86 b. Majority of spikelets erect 87 86a. Leafless perennial, style greater than 2.6 mm long, usually greater than 0.4 mm wide, glumes greater than 3.3 mm long F. nutans b. Annuals, usually leafy, style less than 2.6 mm long, usually less than 0.4 mm wide, glumes less than 3.3 mm long F. sp. I 87a. Glumes less than 2 mm long, rich red, nut ridges generally 3-4, style base ciliate F. nuda b. Glumes greater than 2 mm long, pale, nut ridges 4 or more, style base glabrous or ciliate 88 P.K. Latz, Fimbrislylis 179 88a. Fertile glumes and spikelets broadly obtuse, nut narrowly and deeply furrowed, furrows generally 5, leaves conspicuous F. pallida b. Fertile glumes acute to somewhat obtuse, nut furrows broad and shallow, generally more than 5, leafless or leaves inconspicuous 89 89a. Fertile glumes less than 3.5 mm long F . sp. J b. Fertile glumes greater than 3.5 mm long 90 90a. Mature nut with distinct pale rounded rim at base, the remainder usually dark brown, lowest glume broadly obtuse, much shorter than the fertile glumes F. acuminata b. Mature nut without distinct white rounded rim at base, usually pale, lowest glume obtuse or acute only slightly shorter than the fertile glume F. acicularis 91a. Leaves ligulate (sheaths and blades separated by a distinct fringe of short hairs or membranous projections) 92 b. Leave eligulate or plant leafless (irregularly spaced hairs may be present on upper leaf surface) 101 92a. Glumes hairy on back at least in apical part 93 b. Upper glumes glabrous on back (several lower glumes may have stiff white hairs on or near central nerve) 95 93a. Glumes less than 2.6 mm long, style less than 1.5 mm long, stamens 2 F. pubisquama b. Glumes greater than 2.6 mm long, style greater than 1.5 mm long, stamens usually three 94 94a. Glumes nearly as broad as long, style about 0.4 mm wide, involucral bracts usually longer than the inflorescence, nuts shortly stipitate F . sleberiana b. Glumes considerably longer than broad, style about 0.25 mm wide, involucral bracts shorter than the inflorescence, nut distinctly stipitate F.ferruginea 95a. Nut distinctly longitudinally striate and transversely cancellate (lattice-like) 96 b. Nut smooth, finely reticulate or vcrrucose 98 96a. Spikelets less than 2 mm wide, glumes less than 2 mm long F. bisumbellata b. Spikelets greater than 2 mm wide, glumes greater than 2 mm long 97 97a. Perennial, style slender, longer than nut, leaves almost distichous F . dichotoma b. Annual, style equal or shorter than nut (including stipe), leaves spiral .... F. depauperata 98a. Glumes greater than 2 mm long, spikelets greater than 3 mm wide 99 b. Glumes less than 2 mm long, spikelets less than 3 mm wide 100 99a. Glumes greater than 4 mm long, style greater than 2 mm long, anthers greater than 1 mm long F. tristachya Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) b. Glumes less than 4 mm long, style less than 2 mm long, anthers less than 1 mm long F . schoenoides 100a. S pikelets 1-4 per inflorescence, leaves setaceous, glabrous F . polytrichoides b. Spikelets 5 or more per inflorescence, leaves flat with scabrid margins F. sp. K 101a. Small annuals, style less than 1 mm long, glumes less than 2 mm long, stamen 1 (if style and/or glume longer, then style base with long hairs covering nut) 102 b. Perennials or large annuals, style either greater than 1 mm long or glumes greater than 2 mm long, stamens 1-3 106 102a. Fertile glumes obtuse, involucral bracts much shorter than inflorescence 103 b. Fertile glumes acute or mucronate, bracts longer than inflorescence 104 103a. Inflorescence a single terminal spikelct, upper glume fringes ciliate, style glabrous F. distincta b. Inflorescence with 1-12 spikelets, glumes glabrous, style minutely ciliate F. stenostachya 104a. Style glabrous, nut ornamented with a row of clavate appendages F. dipsacea b. Style hairy at least at base, nut smooth 105 105a. Base of style with long hairs encompassing nut F. velata b. Base of style with short hairs F. aestivalis 106a. Annual 25 cm or more tall, with broad spongy stems (1) 2.5 mm wide, style glabrous F. dolera b. Perennials or annuals less than 25 cm tall, stems stiff, style usually hairy 107 107a. Annual with single terminal spikelct, fertile glumes with an awn about 0.5 mm long F. adjuncia b. Perennials with 1- numerous spikelets, fertile glumes not awned 108 108a. Style base and glume surface ciliate, leaves silky hairy on underside F. sericea b. Style base and glume surface glabrous, leaves (if present) glabrous or nearly so 109 109a. Nut less than 0.5 mm long, black, style narrow, ciliate whole length, spikelets numerous F. caespitosa b. Nut greater than 0.5 mm long, white or brown, other characters not united 1 10 1 10a. Plants with numerous generally Hat leaves, glumes less than twice as long as broad, spikelets predominately greater than 6 per inflorescence 1 1 1 b. Plants leafless or with few setaceous leaves, glumes generally twice as long as broad, spikelets predominately 1-6 per inflorescence 1 12 111a. Nut trabeculate (lattice-like), base of stem clothed with fibrous remains of old leaf sheaths; desert plant F. dichotoma (desert form) P.K. Latz, Fimbristylis 181 b. Nut not trabeculate, base of stem not clothed with old leaf sheaths; coastal plant F. cymosa 1 12a. Spikelets squarrose, fertile glumes 3 mm long or more with mucro greater than 0.3 mm long, red gland-dotted 2. F. blakei b. Spikelets rounded, fertile glumes up to 3 mm long, obtuse or muticate, not red gland-dotted 113 1 13a. Stems distinctly flattened, nuts white, less than 0.6 mm broad, involucral bracts much shorter than spikelets; in non-saline soils F. denudata b. Stems rounded or somewhat flattened, nut pinkish brown or greyish, greater than 0.6 mm broad, bracks as long or slightly shorter than spikelets; in saline soils F. polytrichoides 1 14a. Majority of inflorescences terminated by a single spikelet (occasional inflorescence with 2 or 3) 115 b. Inflorescences with 3 or more spikelets 122 115a. Nut distinctly winged, leaf sheaths with broad scarious margins which continue onto the lamina F. pachyptera b. Nut not winged (sometimes with 3 apical lobes), leaf sheath margins (if present) abruptly terminated 116 116a. Style greater than 8 mm long, fertile glume greater than 8 mm long 117 b. Style less than 8 mm long, fertile glume less than 8 mm long 118 117a. Nut (including stipe) 2-2.6 mm long with 1 mm long non-angular stipe F. odonlocarpa b. Nut greater than 2.6 mm long, stipe short or ridged or absent F. squarrulosa 1 1 8a. Leaves reduced to loose scarious scales, spikelets often more than one per inflorescence F. sp. L ( brownii ) b. Leaves with distinct lamina, 2 cm or more long, spikelets solitary 119 1 19a. Style less than 3 mm long, glume less than 4.5 mm long, basal spikelets present F. spiralis b. Style greater than 3 mm long, glumes greater than 4.5 mm long, basal spikelets absent 120 120a. Annual, leaves contributing less than a third of the bulk of the plant F. oxystachya b. Perennial, leaves contributing more than a third of the bulk of the plant 121 121a. Nut less than 2.5 mm long, glumes less than 6 mm long F.ovata b. Nut greater than 2.5 mm long, glumes greater than 6 mm long F. macrantha 122a. Leaves reduced to loose scarious scales 123 b. Leafy plants 125 123a. Spikelets capitate, ferule florets l-(2) 124 b. Spikelets generally solitary, fertile florets numerous F. sp. L ( brownii ) 182 Nuytsia Vol.7, No.2 (1990) 124a. Stems scabrid, spikelcts 3-6 per inflorescence, 6 mm long F. arthrostyloid.es b. Stems smooth, spikelets generally more than 6 per inflorescence, less than 6 mm long F. sp G 125a. Glumes hairy on back, style 4-6 mm long F.fusca b. Glumes glabrous, style less than 3.5 mm long 126 126a. Leaves with ligule, style hairy at base F. cinnamometorum b. Leaves without ligule, style glabrous at base 127 127a. Annual, leaves strongly falcate, nut abruptly truncate, conspicuously broader than the short but distinct stipe F .fimbristyloides b. Perennial, leaves subfalcate, nut not truncate at base F. eragrostis Acknowledgements I thank the heads of the herbaria BRI, DNA, NSW and PERTH for assisting me with access to their collections. I especially thank G. Leach and C.R. Dunlop for help with the Latin descriptions and for checking the manuscript. K.L. Wilson provided very helpful comments on the key. The efforts of M. Andrews, who executed the line drawings and J. McKinley who capably typed the manuscript, are greatly appreciated. References Bentham, G. (1878). Fimbristylis. In "Flora Australiensis". Vol. 7, pp 298-322. (Reeve: London.) Blake, S.T. (1947). Notes on Australian Cyperaceae VII. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland 58(2): 46-7. Blake, S.T. (1969). Studies in Cyperaceae. Contributions of the Queensland Herbarium 8: x-xxx. Kern, J.H. (1974). Cyperaceae. "Flora Malesiana." Ser. I, vol. 7(3). (Noordhoff: Leyden.) Leigh, J., Briggs, J. & Hartley, W. (1981). "Rare or Threatened Australian Plants." Special Publication 7. (Australian National Parks & Wildlife Service: Canberra.) Nuytsia 7(2): 183-199(1990) 183 Acacia Miscellany 1. Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Abstract Cowan, R.S. & B.R. Maslin. Acacia Miscellany — 1. Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae; Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. Nuylsia7(2): 183-199 (1990). A key is presented to seven new Western Australian species of plurtncrved wattles (A. awesloniana, A. cassicula, A. consobrina, A. lanei, A. lobulala, A. spongolitica and A. verricula), one new variety (A. flavipila var. ovalis ) and to several other related and previously described species. The need for a new name (A. lanuginophylla) for A. lanuginosa C. Gardner is discussed and the identity of A. glulinosa F. Muell. is considered. Introduction The taxa of the Acacia verricula and A. flavipila alliances, some of which are treated herein, have few characteristics in common other than that many have resinous vegetative and/or flower parts and the flower-heads are borne in axillary racemes, although these are often very short. In addition, both groups of taxa have oligoneurous phyllode-ncrvaturc (lor definition, sec Maslin & Pedley (1988). Pedley (1987) used the term oligoneurous in a much more restricted sense than we are: we use it to refer informally to taxa characterized by phyllodes having only a few, distant longitudinal nerves with or without anastomosing minor nerves between them). These alliances are informal groupings, intended merely as mnemonic devices for ourselves and for potential users; however, the species in each grouping, or alliance, are probably genuinely related to one another. They are all treated in the following key but descriptions are provided only for the new taxa; these are numbered in the key and arranged alphabetically in the text. This is the first of a series of papers, by one or more of the "Wattle Team" at PERTH; this and those following arc intended to validate the names of new taxa and to present extended notes, new names, new combinations and redescriptions of previously described taxa, prior to the synoptic treatment of them in the "Flora of Australia". Measurements in the following descriptions are taken from dry material unless otherwise noted. 184 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Key to taxa 1 . Phyllodes four times or more longer than wide 2. Phyllodes terete 7. A. lobulata 2. Phyllodes flat 3. Flowers 4-merous 8. A. spongolitica 3. Flowers 5-merous 4. Phyllodes obviously soft-pubescent 5. Phyllodes and branchlets densely lanate, nervation of phyllodes ± obscured by pubescence 6. A. lanuginophylla 5. Phyllodes and branchlets villose but phyllode nervation not obscured 6. Phyllodes more than 2.5 cm long and 3 mm wide; legumes 6-8 mm wide, strongly plicate 3. A. consobrina 6. Phyllodes less than 2.5 cm long and 3 mm wide; legumes 3-4 mm wide, straight, undulate or ± coiled, not at all plicate 7. Phyllodes linear-oblanceolate; flower heads not borne in racemes. .A. chrysopoda 7. Phyllodes elliptic; flower heads in 1 - or 2-headed racemes 4a. A.flavipila vai.flavipila 4. Phyllodes glabrous or, especially when young, inconspicuously sub-glabrous 8. Phyllodes 12-15 times as long as wide; at least base of peduncles and phyllode axils with hoary patch of resin-matted hairlets 5. A.lanei 8. Phyllodes less than 8 times as long as wide; base of peduncles and phyllode-axils not hoary 9. Phyllodes with gland at blade/pulvinus junction; pubescence on young branchlets and phyllodes simple and stellate (l(X)x); legumes constricted between seeds A. ixiophylla 9. Phyllodes with gland 2-12 mm above pulvinus; all pubescence simple 10. Racemes 2-headcd; phyllodes narrowly elliptic; secondary-nerve reticulum fine, regular 9. A.verricula 10. Racemes 1-headed or flower heads solitary, borne on an inflorescence axis or not; phyllodes of other shapes, the secondary-nerve reticulum coarse, indistinct, or poorly developed 11. Flower heads solitary, inflorescence axis absent; phyllodes oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, secondary nerves impressed, coarsely reticulate 2. A. cassicula 1 1 . Flower heads solitary on an axis; phyllodes of other shapes, secondary nerves more or less raised, not obviously reticulate 12. Phyllodes arcuate-oblong narrowly; peduncles with crisped white pubescence; branchlets and phyllodes not resinous A. kingiana R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 185 12. Phyllodcs oval, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, straight; peduncles with short, golden pubescence; branchlels and sometimes phyllodcs resinous 13. Secondary nerves forming a regular, line, but not always distinct, reticulum; racemes mostly 2-headed, rarely with one head 9. A. verricula 13. Secondary nerves scarcely visible, not obviously reticulate A. loxophylla 1. Phyllodcs less than four times as long as wide 14. Phyllodes undulate, rounded, obviously mucronate abruptly 15. Phyllodes usually 2 cm long or longer; peduncles mostly 12-20 mm long; calyx lobes 3/4-united... 1. A. awestoniana 15. Phyllodes less than 2 cm long; peduncles less than 12 mm long; calyx lobes free A. dictyoneura 14. Phyllodcs not at all undulate, acute, obtuse or rounded-truncate, if mucronulale obscurely so 16. Racemes mostly 2-headed 17. Phyllodes elliptic to oblong-elliptic, usually obviously lomentulose, about 2-3 times longer than wide, not strongly resinous; bracteoles exserted in bud 4a. A.flavipila var .flavipila 17. Phyllodes oval to elliptic, glabrous or at least obscurely subglabrous, mostly less than twice as long as wide, base as well as oficn veins strongly resinous- viscid; bracteoles not exserted 4b. A.flavipila var. ovalis 16. Racemes 1 -headed or heads solitary in phyllode axils 18. Flower heads solitary, inflorescence axis absent 19. Nervature of phyllodes ± obscured by dense, lanatc pubescence ... A. lanuginophylla 19. Nervature of phyllodes clearly evident, secondary nerves impressed, reticulate 2 .A.cassicula 18. Flower heads solitary on an axis 20. Phyllodes less than three times longer than wide, oval, elliptic, or oblong-elliptic, straight; peduncles with short, golden pubescence; branchlets and sometimes phyllodes, densely resinous A. loxophylla. 20. Phyllodes three or more limes longer than wide, narrowly arcuate-oblong; peduncles with crisped white pubescence; branchlets and phyllodes not resinous A. kingiana Descriptions 1. Acacia awestoniana Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov (Figure 1, A-C) Frutex effusus 2.5-3 m altus, ad 4 m diametro, cortice truncorum propc basin cinerco, longitudinalitcr fissurata, ramulis teretibus, glabris, plcrumquc ad nodos apicesque valde resinosis. Stipulae persistentes, plus minusve foliaccae, obliquo-ovaiae, 2-2.5 mm longae, 1-1.5 mm latae, glabrae. Phyllodia obliquo-ovalia ad elliptica, complanata, ad aptcem obtusa ad truncata et brevi-acuminata, ad basem rotundata sed inaequilatcraliter attenuata, pulvino 1-2 mm longo, lamina 15-30 mm longa, 11-22 mm lata, coriacea, patentia, undulata, glabra, atro-viridia, 3-nervata per 186 Nuylsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Figure 1. Flowering branchlet, enlarged portion of phyllode to show nervature and fruit of new taxa of Acacia. A-C - A. awesloniana. D-F - A. cassicula. G-I - A. consobrina. J - A.flavipila var .flavipila. K-M - A. flavipila var. ovalis. A-C drawn from B.R. Maslin 3745 (flowering branchlet) and II. Steedman s.n. (fruit); D-F from K.R.Newbey 488 (flowering branchlet) and J. Kitchen 5853 (fruit); G-I from K.R. Newbey 2441 (flowering branchlet) and N. Stevens KRN9511 1-1 (fruit); J from RJ. Hnatiuk 70397; K-M from P . Roberts 28 (flowering branchlet) and B .R Maslin 522 (fruit). R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 1 187 superficiem, nervis salienlibus, glande parva, basali. Racemorum axis 2-7 mm longus, resinosus, puberulus, 1-3-capitulatus, bracteis basalibus circa scmicircularibus, plus minusvc foliaccis, 1.5-2. 5 mm longis, 1.5-2 mm latis, glabris. Pedunculi (6-) 12-20 mm longi, glabri. Capitula globularia, aurea, 5-6 mm diametro, 54-60-floribus, bracteolis peltalis, lamina ovala, acuminata, breviore quam gracili stipite. Flores 5-meri. Sepala petalis 1/2-3/4 brcviora, 3/4-connata, pubcrula. Petala oblanceolato-linearia, discreta, glabra. Legumen anguste oblongum, 10-22 mm longum, 3-5 mm latum, rectum, villosum, marginibus valde incrassatis. Semina obliqua, oblongo-ellipiica, c. 4 mm longa, 3 mm lata, nitido-brunnea, pleurogramma magna, conspicua, arillo subapicali. Typus: West side of Chester Pass Road at northern boundary of Stirling Range National Park, Western Australia, 15 Oct. 1974, A. S. Weston 9708 ( holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, CANB, K). Spreading shrubs 2.5-3 m tall, to 4 m diam. Bark longitudinally fissured at base of irunks, grey, red-brown on branchlets. Branchlets terete, glabrous, usually heavily resinous apically and at nodes. Stipules persistent, more or less foliaccous, obliquely ovate, 2-2.5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, glabrous. Phyllodes obliquely oval to elliptic, apex obtuse to truncate and with a distinct, short-acuminate tip, base rounded but inequilalerally attenuate to 1-2 mm long pulvinus, blades 15-30 mm long, 11-22 mm wide, coriaceous, patent, often becoming deflexed in drying, undulate, glabrous, dark green, 3 or 4 distant, longitudinal, raised, main nerves on each face, openly anastomosing with salient secondary nerves. Gland small, situated on upper margin just above pulvinus. Raceme axes 2-7 mm long, resinous, puberulous, 1-3-headcd. Peduncles (6-) 12-20 mm long, glabrous; basal peduncular bract encircling base of peduncle, more or less foliaceous, 1.5-2. 5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, glabrous. Flower-heads globular, golden, 5-6 mm diam., 54-60-flowered. Bracleoles peltate, blade ovate, acuminate, shorter than slender claw. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals 1/2-3/4 length of petals, 3/4-united, puberulous externally. Petals oblanceolate-1 inear, free, glabrous. Legumes narrowly oblong, 10-22 mm long, 35 mm wide, straight, villose, margins strongly thickened. Seeds oblique (?), oblong-elliptic, c. 4 mm long, 3 mm wide, glossy brown; pleurogram large, conspicuous; aril subapical. Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Eyre Botanical District (1:250,000 map 150-11). Endemic in Stirling Range National Park and apparently rare and confined to the northern boundary area. Habitat. In Wandoo woodland or along watercourses. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering October — November. A few valves with mature seeds collected in March and April. Affinities. Most closely related to A. dictyoneura but easily distinguished by the much larger phyllodes with cuspidate apex, the larger stipules and bracts, longer peduncles, peltate bracleoles and connate sepals of A. awestoniana which is apparently a very rare species and is presently known in nature from only a few plants. Both species are in cultivation in Tasmania. Conservation status. 2RC, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The new species is named in honor of Arthur S. Weston, collector of most of the material known of the species and a most enthusiastic and knowledgeable field botanist in Western Australia. 2. Acacia cassicula Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1, D-F) Frutex effusus 1-2.5 m altus, 1.5-4 m diametro, cortice aspri, cinerea, ramulis pace ad sparse puberulis vel pilosulosis, saepe ad apicem rcsinosis. Stipulae persistentes, subulatae ad subulato-triangulares, ad 1 mm longae, ciliolatac. Phyllodia oblonga ad clliptica, plus minusvc inaequilateralia, ad apicem rotundata ad subtruncata el rctusa, mucronulaia ad rostrato-mucronulata. 188 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) ad basem acuta, pulvino 0.5-1 mm longo, glabro, lamina (12-)15-20(-22) mm longa, (4-)5-7(-8) mm lata, tenuc coriacea, inclinata, recta, glabra vcl rare ad marginem aliquot micro-pilis, 2-ncrvata per superficiem, nervis secondariis impresses, apertc reticulatis, glandc conspicuo, annulari, latiore quam phyllodiorum crassitudine, 2-3 mm supra pulvinum. Pedunculi 3-5 mm longi, solitarii, glabri, bracteis basalibus persistentibus, late ovatis, 1.5 mm longis, glabris ciliolatis exceptis. Capitula globularia, 4 mm diametro, 22-30-floribus, bractcolis spathulatis, lamina late ovala, acuminata vel acuta. Flores 5-meri. Sepala petalis minus quam dimidia breviora, 1/2-3/4-connata, sericea. Petala anguste elliptica, discreta, glabra. Ovarium granulosum vel papillosum, aliquando ad apicem puberulum vel sericeum. Legumen linearis, inter semina depressum, 4-7 cm longum, 3-4 mm latum, charlaceum, plus minusvc circinatum, glabrum, plerumquc valdc rcsinosum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, 4-5 mm longa, 2.5-3 mm lata, nitide atro-brunnca, pleurogramma angusta, c. 3 mm longa, arillo apicali. Typus: 8 mi. [12.8 km] E of Gnowangerup, Western Australia, 23 Aug. 1964, K.R. Newbey 1302 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL, PERTH). Spreading shrubs 1-2.5 m tall, 1.5-4 m diam. Bark rough, grey. Branchlets sparingly to sparsely puberulous or pilosulosc, often resinous apically. Stipules persistent, subulate to subulate-triangular, to 1 mm long, ciliolate. Phyllodes oblong to elliptic, more or less asymmetric, apex rounded to subtruncate and retuse, mucronulate to rostrate-mucronulatc, base acute, pulvinus 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous, blades (12-)15-20(-22) mm long, (4-)5-7(-8) mm wide, thin-coriaceous, inclined, straight, glabrous or rarely few micro-hairs on margins, two longitudinal main nerves on each face distant, salient, secondary nerves impressed and openly reticulate. Gland conspicuous, annular, w'ider than phyllode thickness, situated on upper margin of phyllode 2-3 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles 3-5 mm long, solitary, glabrous; basal peduncular bracts persistent, broadly ovate, 1.5 mm long, glabrous except ciliolate. Flower-heads globular, 4 mm diam., 22-30-flowered. Bracteoles spalhulate, blade broadly ovate, acuminate or acute. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals less than 1/2 length of petals, 1/2-3/4-united, sericeous externally. Petals narrow-elliptic, free, glabrous. Ovary granulose or papillose, sometimes puberulous or sericeous apically. Legumes linear, depressed between seeds, 4-7 cm long, 3-4 mm wide, chartaceous, in one or two coils, glabrous, usually strongly resinous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 4-5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, glossy dark-brown; pleurogram narrowly U-shaped, c. 3 mm long; aril apical. Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Wagin, 10 Sept. 1955, J . Graffin s.n. (PERTH 00697192); 2 miles [3.2 km] E of Jerramungup, K.R. Newbey 488 (PERTH) and 488D (MEL, PERTH); 8 miles [12.8 km] E of Gnowangerup, K.R. Newbey 1302D (PERTH); 7 miles [1 1.2 km] NE of Ongcrup, K.R. Newbey 3686 (PERTH); 4 km ENE of Jerramungup, K.R. Newbey 9535-1 (MELU, PERTH); 2.4 miles [3.8 km] E of Jerramungup on road to Ravcnsthorpe, M.D. Tindale 248 & B.R. Maslin (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in southern Avon and Roe Botanical Districts (1:250, OCX) maps 150-7, 8). Infrequent but locally common from Wagin ESE to Jerramungup. Habitat. Found predominantly in Eucalyptus occidentalis woodland on sandy or granitic loam. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers August — September; legumes with mature seeds collected in December. Affinities. Related to A. lanuginophylla which is very distinct because of its densely lanale branchlets, phyllodes, peduncles, bracts, bracteoles and legumes. Both species have the same sort of annular phyllode-gland, stipules, solitary flower-heads, ovale bracteoles and broadly ovate bracts. Conservation status. 3R, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 189 Etymology. The name is intended to call attention to the distinct secondary nerve reticulum in A. cassicula (a little net). 3. Acacia consobrina Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1, G-I) Frutex humilis 0.5- 1.3 m altus, 2-3.5 m patens, ramulis plus minusve compressis, villosis, interdum appresso-pilosis, pilosis vel uncinalo-pilosis. Slipulae persistentes, 1.5-4 mm longae, triangulares ad subulatac, villosae vel solum ciliolatae. Phyllodia anguste oblanccolata vel oblongo-oblanceolata, complanata, plcrumque rotundalo-oblusa el excentrice mucronulala, pulvino 0.5-1. 5 mm Iongo, villoso, lamina 27-38 mm longa, 4-9 mm lata, coriacca, inclinala ad palenti, parce falcata vel recta, plcrumque villosa sed aliquando uncinato-pilosa vel suberectc villosa, 3- vel 4-nervata per superficiem, nervis secondariis plus minusve parallclis, anastomosantibus, glandc inconspicua, usque 5 mm supra pulvinam. Racemorum axes ad 4.5 mm sub anthesi, rare apparenter deficiens, pilosulosi, bractcis basalibus ovatis, aculis ad acuminatis, 1.5-4 mm longis, plus minusve villosulosis. Pedunculi binati, 2-6 mm longi, rare ad 10 mm longi, puberuli ad pilosi, interdum pilis appressis. Capitula globularia, 4-6 mm diametro, (27)-36-47-lloribus, bracteolis ovatis ad lanceolatis, aculis ad acuminatis, stipitatis, ciliatis. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala petalis plus minusve 1/4- 1/2 breviora, discreta ad 1/3-connata, ligulata vel oblanceolalo-ligulata. Petala angusto-elliptica, discreta. Ovarium granulosum vel ad apieem papillatum ad appresso-puberulum saltern. Legumen oblongum, supra semincs valdc elevatum, 12-30 mm longum, 6-8 mm latum, inter semines valde plicalum, tenuitcr coriaccum, villosum vel pilosum. Semina obliqua, lato-ovata vel rotundato ad oblongo-ovalia, 2.5-3 mm longa, 2-2.5 mm lata, nitide atro-brunnea, pleurogramma distincta, circa 1.5 mm longa, arillo subapicali. Typus: 15 miles [24 km] N of Ongcrup, Western Australia, 21 June 1964, K.R. Newbey 395 D (holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, CANB, K, NSW, NY). Low, spreading shrubs 0.5-1. 3 m tall, spreading 2-3.5 m. Branchleis ± compressed, villose, occasionally appressed-pilosc, pilose or uncinate-pilose. Stipules persistent, 1.5-4 mm long, triangular to subulate, villose or at least ciliolatc. Phyllodes narrowly oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, apex generally rounded and cxccntrically mucronulaie, pulvinus 0.5-1. 5 mm long, villose, blades 27-38 mm long, 4-9 mm wide, coriaceous, inclined to patent, slightly falcate or straight, usually villose but sometimes uncinate-pilose or subappressed pilose, each face with 3 or 4 distant, longitudinal main nerves, secondary nerves nearly as prominent, forming many anastomoses more or less parallel to main nerves. Gland inconspicuous, situated on upper margin of phyllode to 5 mm above pulvinus. Racemes axillary, (l-)2-hcaded, axes to 4.5 mm long at anthesis, rarely apparently lacking, pilosulosc; basal peduncular bract ovate, acute to acuminate, 1.5-4 mm long, more or less villosulosc. Peduncles 2-6 mm long, rarely to 10 mm, puberulous to pilose, occasionally hairs appressed. Flower-heads globular, 4-6 mm diam., (27-)36-47-flowered. Bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, acute to acuminate, stipitatc, cilialc. Flowers 5-mcrous. Sepals 1/2-3/4 length of petals, free to 1/3-united, ligulate or oblanccolate-ligulatc. Petals narrowly elliptic, free. Ovary granulose, papillate or appressed puberulous, at least apically. Legumes oblong, 12-30 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, sLrongly plicate, folded between seeds, thin-coriaceous, villose or pilose. Seeds oblique, broadly ovate or round to oblong-oval, 2.5-3 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, glossy dark brown, plcurogram U-shaped, c. 1.5 mm long; aril subapical. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: on Borden water-catchment just S of Borden townsite, 34° 05’ S, 1 1 8° 1 5’ E, K. Bradby 44 (PERTH); Swan River Colony, ./. Drummond 5:13 (PERTH); 12 km S of Highway 1 on Monkey Rock Road, E of Jcrramungup, G. Crait> 1671 (CANB, K, PERTH); 6 miles [9.6 kmj N of Nyabing, V.F. McDougall 1 (PERTH); 15 miles [24 km] N of Ongerup, K.R. Newbey 395 (PERTH) and 395D (l'rt) (CANB, PERTH); 1 mile [ 1 .6 kmj E of Lake Grace, K.R. Newbey 1760 (B, BM, G, MO, PERTH); 29 miles [46.6 km[ SE of Ongerup, K.R. Newbey 3382 (AD, BRI, PERTH, W); 1.6 km N of Chillilup Pool, Pallinup River K.R. Newbey 3389 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); Kalgarin [Karlgarin], April 1968, II G Rue sn’ (PERTH 00185752); Nembudding district, E.M. Williams (PERTH 931829). 190 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Distribution. South-west Western Australia, predominantly in Roe Botanical District but extending into adjacent Avon and Eyre Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps H50-15; 150-4, 7, 8, 11, 12). Most collections arc from the Gnowangcrup-Jerramungup-Chillilup Pool area with a few occurrences as far north as Karlgarin near Hyden. Although we do not have a representative collection from Gnowangcrup, K.R. Newbey (pers. comm., 31 Aug. 1987) reports iL as growing there. There is an outlying population, represented by E.M. Williams (PERTH 931829), in the Nembudding area about 200 km NNW of the main distribution. Habitat. Growing in Eucalyptus loxophleba or E. occidentalis low woodland or E. redunca open shrub mallee in clayey sand to red clay-loam. It is to be expected on lower valley slopes, colluvial flats on sandplain or dolcrite dikes in red crumbly soils (pers. comm., K.R. Newbey 31 Aug. 1987). Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers late May to September. Legumes with mature seeds collected November and December. Affinities. Acacia consobrina is rather similar to A. flavipila, differing in proportions of the phyllodes and their nervature in particular, but also in the number of flowers per head, and in the fruit size and shape. At least superficially, it also resembles A. ixiophylla which has both stellate and simple hairs on many parts, basal phyllodc-glands, and linear, undulate fruits. The oblique orientation of the seeds in the pods is unlike any of the related species which all have longitudinally oriented seeds. A. consobrina appears to be relatively long-lived, perhaps up to 20-25 years according to K.R. Newbey (pers. comm., 31 Aug. 1987). Conservation status. 2R, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The name has been chosen to indicate rclatcdness but distantly, i.e., cousins rather than siblings. 4. Acacia flavipila A.S. George, Western Austral. Naturalist 10(2): 32 (1966) (as "Acacia flavopila"). Based on A. aurea C. Gardner, J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. Western Australia 27: 174 (1942). Type: Stirling district, near Gnarming, Aug. 1925, W.E. Blackall (holo: PERTH 00741523); non Noronha ex Hoevcn & dc Vriese, Tijdschr. Natuurk. Gesch. 11: 128 (1939). Spreading shrubs 0.5-2 m tall. Branchlets crispate-villose to puberulous or appresscd-puberulous. Stipules persistent, elongate-triangular, c. 1 mm long, glabrous. Phyllodes elliptic to oval, mostly somewhat inequilateral, rounded to obtuse, micro-mucronulate, sometimes emarginate, pulvinus 0.25-0.5 mm long, crispate-pubcrulous, blades 10-22 mm long, 5-9 mm wide, rigid-coriaceous, patent, straight, crispate-villosulosc to glabrous, dull green, 2- or 3-ncrved on each face, main longitudinal nerves scarcely distinguishable from smaller nerves, forming an impressed reticulum. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllode 1-5 mm above pulvinus. Raceme axes 2-7 mm long, (l-)2-headed, golden pilosulose to sericeous; basal peduncular bracts ovate, 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous. Peduncles 3-6 mm long, golden pilosulose to sericeous. Flower-heads globular, golden, 28-35-flowered; bracteoles quadrate-ovate, ovate or lanceolate, exserted or not in bud. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals free, lincar-oblanccolate, externally golden puberulous. Petals free, oblanccolatc, apically golden puberulous externally. Legumes linear, 15-30 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, undulate, villose. Seeds not seen. Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Avon and Roc Botanical Districts (1:250, (XX) maps H50-11, 15, 16; 150-3, 4; 151-5). Scattered from near Cadoux SE to near Dunn Swamp (c. 80 km NE of Ravcnsthorpe) but mostly found between Quairading and Hyden. Affinities. This species and A. chrysopoda are similar in their habit, globular llowcr-hcads, the number of flowers per head, and in floral details. They differ strongly in lorm of the phyllodia. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 191 inflorescence form, and flower-head size. A.flavipila is also related, less closely, to A. consobrina, A. cassicula, A. lanuginophylla , A. kingiana and A. loxophylla. The two varieties differ in the relative proportions of the phyllodcs, presence or absence of resin on the phyllodcs and in details of the bracteoles. Orthography. The original spelling of the specific epithet (” flavopila ") has been corrected in accordance with Art. 73.8 and Rec. 73G of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (1988). 4a. A. flavipila var. flavipila (Figure 1 , J) Shrubs, not obviously resinous. Phyllodcs elliptic to oblong-elliptic, mostly (1 ()-) 1 5-22 mm long, (4-)5-8 mm wide, 2-3 times as long as wide. Bracteoles ovate to lanceolate, long-stipitate, exserted in buds. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Wcstonia, 15 Feb. 1953, S.C. Bennett s.n. (PERTH 00698490); 37.75 km SW of Peak Eleanora, 33° 1 1 ’ 27" S, 120° 52’ 29" E, M.A. Burgman 1931 & S. McNee (PERTH); 2 km E of Kulin, 32° 40’ S, 118° 10’ E, R.J. Hnatiuk 770397 (PERTH); Holt Rock, May 1963,7.5. Lamonl s.n. (PERTH 00661902); Emu Rock, £.7?. Maslin 560 (MEL, NY, PERTH); Reserve 27584, 14 km NE of Mcrrcdin, B.G. Muir 817 (PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] SW of Kulin, K.R. Newbey 2608 (MO, PERTH); 5 miles [8 km] E of Kulin, K.R. Newbey 3222 (CANB, K, NY, PERTH); 15 km E of Dunn Swamp, c. 80 km NE of Ravcnsthorpe, K.R. Newbey 8131 (PERTH); Kulin, 12 May 1953,. LB. Wilson s.n. (PERTH 00698594). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Avon and Roc Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps H50-15, 16; 150-3, 4; 151-5). Infrequent and known only from near Merredin, Kulin, Dunn Swamp, Holt Rock and Emu Rock, but locally common in the Kulin area. Habitat. On poorly to well-drained clay-loam or brown sand. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering July — August. Only one attached fruit-valve seen, on a February collection. Conservation status. 3RC, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). 5b. A. flavipila var. ovalis Cowan & Maslin, var. nov. (Figure 1, K-M) A. var .flavipila phyllodiis brevioribus ad basem phyllodiorum et raccmorum distincte resinosis, bracteolis quadrato-ovatis brevi-stipitatis in alabastro non exsertis dilTcrt. Typus: c. 20 miles [32 km.] NW of Kondinin, Western Australia, 29 June 1970, A.S. George 9873 (holo: PERTH 00741523; iso: MEL, TLF). Shrubs with phyllode bases, branchlct apices and inflorescences obviously resinous. Phyllodcs oval to elliptic, mostly 10-14 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, less than twice as long as wide. Bracteoles quadrate-ovate with short stipe, not exserted in bud. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 2.5 miles [4 km] from Cadoux towards Kalannie, R.J. Camming 1867 (CANB, PERTH); ± 23 miles [37 km] NW of Kondinin, A.S. George 9872 (CNRS -Montpellier, K, MEL, PERTH, TLF); Sorenson’ Nature Reserve, 9 km W of Babakin on S side of Bee’s Road, S.D. Hopper 5864 (MEL, PERTH); 3 miles [4.8 km] E of Corrigin on road to Bendering, B.R. Maslin 506 (K, PERTH); 2 miles [3.2 km] S of Gnarming on road to Kulin, B. R. Maslin 522 (BRI, PERTH); 15 miles [24 km] N of Bulyee, K.R. Newbey 3425 (PERTH); 64 km SSW of Marvel Loch, K.R. Newbey 8431 (PERTH); 62 km SSW of Marvel Loch, K.R. Newbey 192 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) 8432 (PERTH); between Kokardine and Cadoux on roadside, P. Roberts 28 (PERTH); roadside halfway between Cadoux and Kokardine, B./l. Smith 218 (PERTH); 1 53(243] mile peg on Hydcn Road [13 km SE of Corrigin on main road to Kondinin], D. Young 109 (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Avon and Roe Botanical Districts (1:250, 000 maps H50-11, 16; 150-3, 4). Confined to an area bounded by Quairading E to near Gibb Rock and S to Kulin. One population occurs between Cadoux and Kokardine, c. 150 km N of Quairading, outside the main distribution. Habitat. Well-drained sand or more often clay-loam on open undulating terrain. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers May — September; only old fruit- valves seen. Conservation status. 3RC, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh(1988). 5. Acacia lanei Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 2, D-F) Frutex effusus 2 m altus, ramulis tcrctibus, rcsinoso-coslatis, albo-sericeis. Stipulae caducae vcl per resinam albam obscurae, triangulares, c. 1 mm longae, glabrae. Phyllodia ligulala, complanata, obtuse-acuta, pulvino 1-1.5 mm longo, 43-60 mm longa, 3-5 mm lata, coriacea, asccndentia, recta vel lcviter curvata, glabra albo-scricca ct rcsinosa ad basem cxcepta, 3-ncrvata per superficiem, nervis secondariis paucis, glande parve, prope basem. Racemorum axis 1-3 mm longus, rare ad 7 mm longus, saepc nullus, 1- vcl 2-capitulatus, albo-scriccus, rcsinosus ad basem; bracLcis basalibus ovatis ad lanceolaiis, c. 1 mm longis. Pedunculi 3-5 mm longi, micro-puberuli, pilis rubris ct albo-sericeis sed versus apicem pilis per resinam obscuris. Capitula globularia, 4-6 mm diametro, 34-38-floribus. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala c. dimidia quam longa petala, lincaria, discreta, micro-pubcrula ad apicem. Petala oblanccolato-elliptica, discreta, glabra. Legumen arcuato-lincarc, 8.5-12 cm longum, 2-3 mm latum, supra semina elevatum, glabrum, viscidum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, 3.5-4.5 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, nitido-brunnea, pleurogramma 2.5-3 mm longa, arillo apicali. Typus: 3.6 miles [5.7 km] E of Hydcn on road to Holt Rock, Western Australia, 14 July 1970, B.R. Maslin 566 (holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, K). Spreading shrubs 2 m tall. Branchlels terete with several resinous ridges, white sericeous but pubescence ± obscured by resin. Stipules caducous or obscured by whitc(dry) resin, triangular, about 1 mm long, glabrous. Phyllodes ligulate, bluntly acute, with a pulvinus 1-1.5 mm long, the blades 43-60 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, coriaceous, ascending, straight or weakly curved, glabrous except whitc-scriccous and resinous at base, with 2 or 3 distant, longitudinal main nerves on each face, secondary nerves numerous, finer than main nerves and parallel to them, anastomoses few, nearly longitudinal. Gland small, situated on the upper margin of phyllode just above pulvinus. Raceme axes 1-3 mm long, rarely to 7 mm, frequently absent, 1- or 2-hcadcd, white-sericeous and resinous basally; basal peduncular bracts ovate to lanceolate, c. 1 mm long. Peduncles 3-5 mm long, with many red micro-hairs and white-sericeous basally, upper portion sericeous but hairs ± obscured by resin. Flower-heads globular, 4-6 mm diam., 34-38-fiowcrcd. Bracteoles spalhulate, blade rounded, much shorter than filiform stipe. Flowers 5-mcrous. Sepals half as long as petals, linear, free, micro-pubcrulous apically. Petals oblanccolatc -elliptic, free, glabrous. Legumes arcuate-linear, 8.5-12 cm long, 2-3 mm wide, raised over seeds, glabrous, viscid. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 3. 5-4. 5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, shining, brown; plcurogram 2.5-3 mm long; aril apical. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: R.J. Lane’s property, Kulin, 22 km S of Hydcn, 21 Aug. 1985, K. Atkins s.n. (CANB, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH 00336971); Hydcn, July 1979, RJ. Lane s.n. (PERTH 00336963); approx. 12 km S of Hydcn, 27 July 1982, R.J. Lane s.n. R. S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -• 1 193 Figure 2. Flowering branchlet, enlarged portion of phyllode to show nervature and fruit of new species of Acacia. A-C - A.lobulala. D-F - A. lanei. G— I - A. spongolitica. J-L - A. verricula. A-C drawn from S.D. Hopper 6402 (flowering branchlet) and J. Brown 59 (fruit); D-F from R J. Lane s.n.; G-I from N. Stevens KRN 9507-1- and J-L from P. Pullen 10050 (fruit) and B.R. Maslin 1771 (flowering branchlet). 194 Nuytsia Vol.7, No. 2(1990) (PERTH 00336947); Hyden, 1979, RJ. Lane s.n. (PERTH 00336955); near Hyden, 18 July 1988, RJ. Lane s.n. (AD, G, K, MO, PERTH 00884847). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Roe Botanical District (1:250,000 map 150-2, 4). Restricted to area south and cast of Hyden within a 25 km radius. Habitat. Growing in associauon with Salmon Gum ( Eucalyptus salmonophloia ) or York Gum (E. loxophleba ) along creek and drainage lines at lower elevations on red or brown clay, clay-loam or gravelly loam (R.J. Lane, pers. comm., 28 Aug. 1987). Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering mainly in July — August, sometimes September or as early as mid-July (RJ. Lane, pers. comm., 28 Aug. 1987 and 18 July 1988). Fruiting mid-November to mid-December (R.J. Lane, pers. comm., 28 Aug. 1987). Affinities. Closely allied to several species in the A. ixiophylla alliance; it differs lrom A. ixiophylla in having longer, strap-like phyllodcs, all simple pubescence, and longer, glabrous legumes. A. lanei can be distinguished most readily from all related species (ol which A. spongolitica is perhaps the closest) by the white patch at each node, at the base of the phyllodcs, in the axils and at the base of the peduncles. Conservation status. 2ELK], using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. Named for Richard J. Lane, the Western Australian farmer who called our attention to the plant in July 1986 as an excellent windbreak because it is vigorous in growth and is not browsed by livestock. 6. Acacia lanuginophylla Cowan & Maslin, nom. nov. Based on A. lanuginosa C. Gardner, Hooker’s Icon. PI., pi. 3379 (1939) non Hort. ex Regel, Gartenflora3: 155 (1854). Type: Mount Holland, between Southern Cross and Ravcnsthorpc, Western Australia, Sept. 1929, C.A. Gardner 2046a (holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW). Illustration. C. Gardner, loc. cit. Affinities. A very distinctive Western Australian species related to A.flavipila and to A. cassicula, characterized by woolly vegetative parts, bracts, bractcolcs and legumes. Conservation status. 3E, using the criteria ol Briggs & Leigh (1988). 7. Acacia lobulata Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 2, A-C) Frutex apertus erectus 1-2 m altus, cortice laevi, ramulis lcviter angulatis, plus minusve tuberculatis, glabris, resinosis. Phyllodia tcrctia, apice valdc excentrice curvato, acuto, (15-)25-30(-35) mm longa, 0.7-0.8 mm diametro, incurvata, glabra, grisco-viridia, dictyophlebia, areolis salientibus, nervis atratis, impressis, resinosis, glande circulari, 0.5-2 mm supra pulvinum. Fedunculi (2.5-)3-4.5(-6) mm longi, solilarii, rare binati, puberuli; capitula globularia, 3. 5-4. 5 mm diametro, 15-17-floribus, bracteolis spathulaiis, lamina ovata ad lanccolata. Flores 5-meri. Sepala petalis plus minusve dimidia breviora, 1/3-1/2-connata, oblonga. Petala angustc clliplica, c. 2-plo longiora quam sepala, discrela. Ovarium dense albo-pilosum. Legutnen lineare, 4-0-60 mm longum, 3-4 mm latum, tenuiter chartaceum, valde curvatum, glabrum, resinosum. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga, compressa, 4-5.5 mm longa, 1.8-2. 3 mm lata, hebetate atro-brunnea, arillo apicali. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 195 Typus: Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, Western Australia, 23 July 1989, B.R. Maslin 6385 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY, US, Z). Erect, open, often spindly shrubs 1-2 m tall. Bark smooth. Branchlets slightly angled, ± tubcrculatc, glabrous, resinous. Stipules not seen, apparently absent. Phyllodes terete with strongly, excentrically curved, acute tips and a 0.5 mm long pulvinus, (l-5)25-30(-35) mm long, 0.7-0. 8 mm diam., ascending, incurved, glabrous, dull, grey-green; nerves resinous, impressed, forming a coarse, regular reticulum, arcolcs raised markedly. Gland circular, brownish, depressed in centre, situated on upper surface of phyllode 0.5-2 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles (2.5-)3-4.5(-6) mm long, solitary, occasionally in pairs, pubcrulous; basal peduncular bracts ovate, slightly concave, acute. Flower-heads globular, 3.5-4.5 mm diam., 15-17-flowered. Bracieoles spalhulate to obovate-spathulatc, blade ovale to lanceolate, pubcrulous, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals less than half to about half as long as petals, 1/3-1/2-umtcd, oblong, ciliolate. Petals narrowly elliptic, acute, free, glabrous. Ovary densely white pilose. Legumes linear, raised over but not constricted between seeds, 40-60 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, thin-chartaceous, strongly curved, smooth, glabrous, resinous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, compressed, 4-5.5 mm long, 1.8-2. 3 mm wide, dull dark-brown; plcurogram narrowly oblong, 2/3 seed length; aril membranous, apical, more than half as long as seed. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, J. Brown JBr59 & A. Williams (CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH), S.D. Hopper 6395, 6396, 6397, 6398, 6399, 6400, 6401, 6402, 6403, 6404 and 6417 (all PERTH), AS. Weston 14262 (AD, BRI, PERTH), 14547 (AD, BRI, PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in the north eastern part of the Avon Botanical District (1: 250 000 map H50-12). Known only from Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve. Habitat. Common on gritty loam and sand on gradual slopes in woodland and low scrub in association with Eucalyptus spp., Melaleuca spp. and Oxylobium parviflorum. Also occurs occasionally in clayey soils in woodland dominated by E. wandoo. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering specimens have been collected in July; specimens with mature legumes have been collected in November. Affinities. Acacia lobulata is the only species of Acacia in Australia which has terete phyllodes with reticulate nervalure. It is most closely related to A. verricula which has flat, rcticulatc-nerved phyllodes. From it the new species differs, in addition to phyllode form, in having solitary flower heads without any evidence of a reliclual axis, fewer flowers per head, and partially united calyx but quite similar fruits, seeds and basal peduncular bracts. Morphology. The most notable characteristic of 4. lobulata is the impressed nel-nervature of die phyllodes with the arcolcs raised, giving the phyllodes a regular cobblestone appearance or, perhaps better, the appearance of a slender sausage in a loo-small net. The nerves arc all of about the same degree of distinctness and there are no midnerves or laterals as is often seen in the Plurinerves. Conservation status. 2RC[K] using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The name is chosen to call attention to the most striking feature of the new species, the surface of the phyllodes. 8. Acacia spongolitica Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 2, G-I) Frutex 1-2 m altus, cortice cinerco, ramulis versus apieem compressis, resinosis, saepe plus minusve minute glanduloso-puberulis. Stipulae caducac, anguste triangulares, circa 0.25 mm longae. Phyllodia lineari- ad oblongo-elliptica, complanala, obtusa ad acuta, apiculata, pulvino 196 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) 1- 1.5 mm longo, lamina 28-70(-80) mm longa, 4-7(- 11) mm lata, coriacea, patentia, recta, glabra, hebetato-viridia, 2-nervaia principalia per supcrf'iciem, nervis marginalibus inierdum rcsinosis projecturis ornatis, glandc usque ad 2 mm supra pulvinum, latiora quam phyllodiorum crassitudinc. Racemorum axis 1-7 mm longus, 1- vcl 2-capitulalus, bractcis basalibus c. ovaiis, aculis, usque ad 1 mm longa. Pedunculi 5-9(-14) mm longi, glabri vel disperse glanduloso-micro-pilis, graciles. Capitula globularia vel brcvi-oblongoidea, vivide atro-aurca, 4(-5) mm diametro, (24-)28-32-floribus, bracteolis lincari-oblanceolatis. Flores 4-mcri. Sepala petal is dimidia breviora, 1/3-3/4-connata, glanduloso-ciliolata. Peiala elliptica vel elliptico-oblanceolaia, discreta. Ovarium granulosum. Legumen (submaturum) lincare, plus minusve inter semina constrictum, 50-65 mm longum, 2.5 mm latum, arcuatum, glabrum, resinosum. Typus: Near West River Crossing, Western Australia, 11 Sept. 1966, K.R. Newbey 2472 (holo: PERTH; iso: BRI, CANB, K, MEL, PERTH). Shrubs 1-2 m tall, spreading 1. 5-2.5 m. Branchless compressed apically, resinous, often more or less micro-glandular-puberulous. Stipules caducous, narrow-triangular, c. 0.25 mm long. Phy (lodes linear- to oblong-elliptic, obtuse to acute, apiculalc, pulvinus 1-1.5 mm long, blades 28-70(-80) mm long, 4-7(- 11) mm wide, coriaceous, patent, straight, glabrous, dully dark-green, each face with 2 or 3 distant, longitudinal main nerves from pulvinus, secondary nerves nearly as distinct, parallel to main nerves, anastomoses infrequent, marginal nerves sometimes with small resinous projections. Gland situated on the upper margin of phyilodc to 2 mm above pulvinus, broader than thickness of phyllode. Raceme axes 1-7 mm long, or much longer after apical vegetative growth, 1- or 2- headcd, heads axillary, more numerous on elongated shoots; basal peduncular bracts c. ovate, acute, 1 mm long or shorter. Peduncles 5-9(-14) mm long, glabrous or wilh scattered glandular micro-hairs, slender. Flower-heads globular to short-oblongoid, bright deep-golden, 4(-5) mm diam., (24-)28-32-flowcred. Bracteoles lincar-oblanccolatc. Flowers 4-mcrous. Sepals half as long as petals, 1/3-3/4-unilcd, glandular-ciliolate. Petals elliptic or clliptic-oblanceolate, free. Ovary granulose. Legumes (submature) linear, 50-65 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, curved, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong-elliptic, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide, glossy, brown; areolc 2.5 mm long, oblong; aril apical. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Hamcrslcy River, Fitzgerald River National Park, 33° 45’ S, 119° 40’ E, K. Bradby KLB13 (PERTH); Fitzgerald River area, c. 70 miles [112.7 kmj ESE of Ongcrup, R.G. Coveny 3199, T.E.IL Aplin & I. L. Lethbridge s.n. (PERTH); junction of Fitzgerald and Susctta Rivers, Reserve No. 24048, 34° 01’ S, 1 19° if E, 12 July 1970’ A.S. George s.n. (PERTH 00190489); 30 miles [48 kmj W of Ravcnsthorpe, F Lullfitz L3520 (PERTH); Boat Harbour, K.R. Newbey 3258 (PERTH); 32 km SE of Ongcrup, K.R. Newbey 4316 (PERTH); 22 km NNE of Ongcrup, K.R. Newbey 4767 (AD, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH); 1 1 km NE of Coompcrtup, c. 52 km WSW of Ravcnsthorpe, K.R. Newbey 5053 (PERTH); 32 km SE of Ongerup, N. Stevens KRN9507-1 (PERTH); Roc’s Rocks, R.D. Royce 8996 (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in the Roe and Eyre Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps 150-8, 12). Ranging from near Ongerup and Boat Harbour E to the West River (c. 30 km W of Ravcnsthorpe) with numerous collections within the Fitzgerald River National Park. Habitat. Common in Eucalyptus platypus or E. astringens low woodland in skeletal to shallow soils (loam, sandy or loamy clay) on spongolitc breakaways. Rare in E. transcontinental is open shrub malice in sand on plain. It is frequent and locally common throughout its range, often the dominant plant form; its presence may be detected by the strongly aromatic odour of its resinous foliage well before it is visible (K.R. Newbey, pers. comm., 31 Aug. 1987). (It is presumably the resin of, especially, the branchlets that is the substrate for a sooty mould frequently seen on slightly older branchlets). Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering collections in July — September. Mature legumes not seen; submature ones collected in early December. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 197 Affinities. A. spongolitica is superficially very similar to several species in the A. ixiophylla complex but it is instantly separable by its ictramerous flowers, compressed branchlets, and connate, glandular-ciliolatc sepals; it is perhaps most closely related to A . lanei and A. ixiophylla. Conservation status. Not considered either rare or endangered. Etymology. The specific epithet, proposed by the collector of the type material, refers to the substrate common for the species, very often soil derived from spongolite, a sedimentary rock rich in sponge spicules. 9. Acacia verricula Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 2, J-L) Frutex multicaulis 0.5-3 m altus, late coronalus, caulium prope basin cortice fissurata, supra laevi, ramulis rufis, resinosis, parce pubcrulis, pilis simplicibus, antrorse curvatis, saepe aureis. Stipulae persistentes, triangulares, minores quam 0.5 mm longac. Phyllodia complanata, lenticularia ad anguslc elliplica vel lincari-elliplica, obtusa ad acuta, aliquando brevi-mucronulato, pulvino minore quam 1 mm longo, lamina (1 1-)15-30(-38) mm longa, (2-)3-5(-6) mm lata, tenui-coriacea, leviter curvata, glabra vel ad marginem pilis antrorse curvatis, pall ido-viridi, resinosa, nervis secondariis in reticulo junctis, glande ( 1 -)2-6(- 12) mm supra pulvinum. Racemorum axis 1-6 mm longus, plcrumque bicapilulatus, puberulus, saepe resinosus, aliquando nullus, bracteis basalibus ovatis, persistcnlibus, glabris. Pedunculi (2-)3-6(-8) mm longi, puberuli, pilis praecipue antrorse declinatis. Capitula globularia, aurea, (3-)4-5 mm diametro, 25-35-floribus. Flores 5meri. Sepala petala plus quam dimidia longiora, discreta, linearia. Petala anguste elliptica, plus minusve discreta, glabra. Ovarium glabrum vel subglabrum. Legumen lineare, arcuatum, eomplanatum, 2.5-5 cm longum, 2-4 mm latum, saepe undulalum, glabrum vel subglabrum, valde nitido-resinosum. Semina longitudinalia, elliptica, 3-3.5 mm longa, 2 mm lata, nitido-brunnea, pleurogramma dislincta, elongata, arillo apicali vel subapicali. Typus: about halfway between Peak Charles and Peak Eleanora, Western Australia, 14 Aug. 1985, B.R. Maslin 5796 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW). ? A. glutinosa F. Muell. (pro parte); nom. ambiguum. Sec Discussion below. [A. ixiophylla auct., non Benth. (1842); W.E. Blackall & B.J. Grieve, How to Know Western Austral. Wildfl. 1: 194 (1954)] Multiple-stemmed, spreading shrubs 0.5-3 m tall with crown 1-6 m diam., rarely a spindly 2 m tree. Bark grey, finely fissured at base of stems, smooth above. Branchlets reddish, resinous, sparingly puberulous with simple, antrorsely curved, often golden, hairs. Stipules persistent, triangular, less than 0.5 mm long. Phyllodes Oat, lenticular to narrow- or linear-elliptic, somewhat inequilateral, obtuse to acute, mucro (when present) centric or excentric, very short, pulvinus less than 1 mm long, blades (1 1-)15-30(-38) mm long, (2-)3-5(-6) mm wide, thin-coriaceous, slightly curved, glabrous or with few antrorsely curved hairs marginally, pale green, resinous; main nerves and secondary nerves scarcely distinguishable from one another, anastomoses usually impressed and forming a fine, regular-meshed reticulum. Gland situated on the upper margin of phyllode (l-)2-6(-12) mm above pulvinus. Raceme axes 1-6 mm long, usually 2-hcadcd, puberulous, often resinous, sometimes absent; basal peduncular bracts ovale, persistent, glabrous. Peduncles (2-)3-6(-8) mm long, puberulous, hairs mainly antrorsely declinate and golden. Flower-heads globular, golden, (3-)4-5 mm diam., 25-35-llowcrcd. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals more than half as long as petals, free, linear. Petals narrowly elliptic, all free or some partly connate, glabrous. Ovary glabrous or with few papillae-like micro-hairs apically. Legumes linear, 2.5-5 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, mostly undulate, sometimes only arcuate, not constricted between seeds, glabrous or few marginal antrorsely curved micro-hairs, markedly nitid-resinous, especially when young. Seeds longitudinal, elliptic, 3-3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, glossy brown; pleurogram distinct, elongate, narrowly U-shaped, c. 1.2- 1.8 mm long; aril apical to subapical. 198 Nuylsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Selected specimens examined. Top of scarp, Madura, T.E. H. Aplin & M.E. Trudgen 5829 (AD, BM, BRI, G, PERTH); Muntadgin, E.T. Bailey 629 (PERTH); 5.8 km SSE of Mt Beaumont, M.A. Burgman 1751 and S. McNee (PERTH); 6.25 km SE of Mickinwobcrt Rock, M.A. Burgman 2089 and S. McNee (PERTH); Frank Hann National Park, D. Butcher 313 (MEL, PERTH); near Carracarrup Creek, 17 km S of Ravensthorpc, G. Craig 1523 (PERTH); 9 miles [14.5 km] NE of Kondinin, A.S. George 9876 (PERTH, TLF); Yale Swamp, 47 miles [75.5 km] W of Espcrance, I. L. Lethbridge 34 (PERTH); c. 12 miles [19 km] SE of Kulin, B.R. Maslin 528 (NSW, PERTH); Nalyering Wells, 13 miles [21 kmj N of Kcllerberrin on road to Yclbeni, B.R. Maslin 595 (NSW, PERTH); c. 10 miles [16 km] NNW of Bruce Rock towards Doodlakine, B.R. Maslin 1785 (PERTH); 1 mile [1.6 km] W of Yellowdine on Great Eastern Highway, B.R. Maslin 1838 (PERTH) and 2395 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); 4.8 km E of Ravcnsthorpe towards Espcrance, B.R. Maslin 3449 (BRI, MO, NSW, PERTH); near Hamcrslcy River crossing in Fitzgerald River National Park, B.R. Maslin 4061 (PERTH); Lake Grace Golf Club, R.F. Maslin s.n. (PERTH 00699500); 1 km W or Lake Cronin, K.R. Newbey 5204 (PERTH); 29 km S of Tadpole Lake, Frank Hann National Park, K.R. Newbey 5501 (CBG, PERTH); 6 km S ol Peak Charles, Peak Charles National Park, K.R. Newbey 6461 (PERTH); 3 km NW of Heartbreak Ridge microwave lower, K.R. Newbey 7053 (PERTH); 24 km SSW of Ml Malcolm, Fraser Range, K.R. Newbey 7638 (PERTH); 32 km SW of Buningonia Spring, c. 70 km SSW of Zanihus, K.R. Newbey 8255 (PERTH); c. 3 km NE of Howick Hill, A.E. Orchard 1135 (PERTH); 1 1 miles [17.6 km] N of Lake Grace towards Kulin, S. Paust 884 (PERTH); central west side of Chiddarcooping Hill Nature Reserve, A.S. Weston 14261 (CANB, K, PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia mainly in the Avon, Roe and Eyre Botanical Districts but with a few collections from the eastern part of the Coolgardic Botanical District and one outlier at Madura in the Nullabor Botanical District (1:250,000 maps H50-12, 15, 16; H51-15; H52-13; 150-3, 4, 7, 8, 12; 151-1, 2, 5, 6). Mainly scattered throughout an area bounded by Chiddarcooping Hill Nature Reserve and Trayning, south to the Fitzgerald River, cast to near Sparkle Hill (c. 100 km NE of Espcrance) and north to the Fraser Range and north-east to near Buningonia Spring; the Madura collection is from along the Eyre Highway within 175 km of the border with South Australia, if the collection data are correct. Habitat. In open shrub mallec or low mallee woodland often in association with Eucalyptus spp. (E. wandoo , E. platypus, E. salubris, E. transcontinentalis, E. longicornis, E. salmonophloia, E. redunca), rarely in open savanna or along creek course, on soils of clay, sandy or gravelly loam or brown, red or white sand. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers collected in late May to September; mature fruits with seeds collected in December and January. Affinities. Material of the new species has usually been referred to the eastern A. ixiophylla which differs by its stellate hairs intermixed with simple ones on many parts, by its relatively well-marked main nerves, by the position of the phyllode-gland at the distal end ol' the pulvinus, pubescent ovary, and semiconstricled legumes which are dull and villose, at least marginally. A. verricula is also the nearest relative of A. lobulata. Synonomy. Acacia glutinosa F. Mucll. was published in Fragm. 4: 6 (1863) with the type indicated only as having been collected in Western Australia by G. Maxwell. Two sheets at Herb. MEL which we and others consider to comprise Mueller’s type, each bears a flowering branchlct and a packet of fruits and seeds. We have checked the protologue, point by point, with the MEL sheets (1553911 and 1553912) and it is clear that Mueller had this material before him when he described the species. There is also a sheet at K, bearing only a flowering branchlct, annotated by Mueller as A. glutinosa, which is surely a part of the type collection. The flowering material at both K and MEL is labelled in Mueller’s hand as being from the Melbourne botanical garden but one of the MEL sheets (1553911) is annotated by Mueller as " Acacia ixiophylla Bcnth.", the other (MEL 1553912) as "Acacia glutinosa F. M./ A. ixiophylla var. Bcnth.", also in Mueller’s hand. Both MEL sheets bear packets containing mature pods and seeds, but only sheet 1553911 is annotated to suggest the contents were collected by Maxwell, the collector cited in the protologue. This packet R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 1 199 also has been annotated by Mueller as both A. ixiophylla and as A. glutinosa. Bentham (1864) synonymized A glutinosa under A. ixiophylla, explaining he could see no real differences between the two, one from the west, the other from the cast. Certainly the flowering material on the type sheets is not A. ixiophylla nor does it have anything to do with A. montana as suggested by Maiden (1916) in his analysis of the confusion surrounding A. glutinosa, A. ixiophylla, A. montana and A.fuliginea. Assuming that the flowers and fruits comprising the type of A. glutinosa represent the same taxon, we are at a loss to suggest what it might be. The fruits could be those of 4. verricula, although the seeds of this species arc smaller than those in the packets, and its phyllodes shorter, differently shaped and with totally different venation from the type of A. glutinosa. The phyllode-nerves of the A. glutinosa Lypc are numerous, immersed and rarely with anastomoses, while A. verricula phyllodes have a fine, regular reticulum of secondary nerves. In view of well-documented instances of Mueller’s rather lax curatorial practices, we consider seriously the possibility that the MEL sheets bear material of two different taxa, the Maxwell seed collection from Western Australia (possibly A. verricula or close relative) and the cultivated flowering specimens from the botanical garden, representing a species we are unable to identify. Because of the uncertainties involved, we are not prepared to lectotypify the name and conclude that A. glutinosa must be considered a nomen dubium. Conservation status. Not considered as cither rare or endangered. Etymology. A. verricula is so-named in allusion to the net-like appearance of the secondary nervature of the phyllodes. Acknowledgements In preparing this paper, we have had the experienced assistance of Suzanne Curry, technical assistant employed on ABRS grant funds, and we are greatly indebted to her for her patience and diligence. To John J. Rainbird we are particularly grateful for the high quality illustrations he prepared. References Bentham, G. (1864). "Flora Auslraliensis", vol. 2. (Lovell Reeve & Co.: London.) Briggs, J.D. & Leigh J.H. (1988). "Rare or 'llireatened Australian plants." Revised edn. (Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra.) Greuter, W. et al (1988). "International Code of Botanical Nomenclature." Rcgnum Vegetabile, vol. 118. (Koeltz Scientific Books: Konigslein, F.D.R. Germany.) Maiden, J.H. (1916). Notes on Acacia, (with description of new species), No. 1. J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 49: 502-513. Maslin, B.R. & Pedley L. (1988). Patterns of distribution of Acacia in Australia. Austral. J. Bot. 36: 385-393. Pedley, L. (1987). Notes on Racosperma Marlius (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae), 1. Austrobaileya 2(4): 321 -327. Nuytsia 7(2): 201-208 (1990) 201 Acacia Miscellany 2. Species related to A. deltoidea (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Abstract Cowan, R.S. & B.R. Maslin. Acacia Miscellany — 2. Species related to A. deltoidea (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 201-208 (1990). In addition to a key to distinguish the taxa, two of which are new (A. vincentii and A. deltoidea subsp. ampla), a new combination under Acacia of Racosperma adenogonia Pedley is effected . Introduction This group of species was treated by Pedley (1987) in a well-illustrated and well-documented review, so a further publication on the alliance so soon after Pedley’s might appear redundant. The purpose of this paper, however, is to provide names for two new taxa in the group and to make available one of Pedley’s names under Acacia; he treated the group as taxa of Racosperma, a course we arc not yet prepared to follow. Because full, detailed descriptions are available in his paper, it is principally the new taxa that are described below; A. deltoidea is described in full because we have extracted from typical A. deltoidea a new species and a new subspecies whose character states alter Pedley’s circumscription to some extent. Acacia adenogonia is described fully in order to take into account several additional collections beyond those cited by Pedley. The taxa of this group are a close-knit assemblage with the possible exception of A. sublanata which differs in several respects from the other taxa comprising the group. All are from the north tropical and subtropical zones in the Kimberley region of Western Australia and in the Northern Territory. There is a superficial resemblance of this group of taxa to A. adnata F. Muell. and A. comans W. Fitzg. in the A. latipes alliance, which differs from the A. deltoidea group by the presence of basal peduncular bracts, separate lateral stipules, and by the lack of a bract on the peduncle above the base. In form of the phyllodes there is also a superficial similarity to the uninerved, triangular phyllodes of some Phyllodineae, such as those of Maslin’s "A. biflora group" (1978). Pedley 202 Nuylsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) (1978) included A. pravifolia F. Muell. and A. amblygona Cunn. ex Benth. with the A. deltoidea group as "the Triangulares group of Acacia section Plurinerves" and there is more than a passing resemblance between these species and the A. deltoidea group. Both species, however, have separate, lateral stipules, a bract subtending the base of the peduncles which are otherwise ebracteate, the heads are few-flowered and the bracteoles are of very different structure and texture than those of the present group. The A. deltoidea group is characterized by (1) small, inequilateral, pungent, sessile or sub-sessile phyllodes; (2) upwardly curving pairs of often partly connate (except A. sublanata and A. froggattii), persistent, subulate or acicular stipules located on the abaxial side of the phyllode base (except A. sublanata and A. froggattii), rather than laterally as in most species of Acacia; (3) all but A. sublanata have at least some of the hairs gland-tipped; (4) the peduncles are solitary, lacking a bract at their base but occasionally bearing one above their middle; (5) sepals and/or petals are partly united among themselves; and (6), most strikingly, some of the species have the staminal filaments united, up to one-fifth their length in A. stipulosa and basally in irregular fascicles in .4. adengonia. Such union of filaments is known in the 4. lycopodifolia group of species, which Pedley (1987) suggested as possible relatives, e.g., A. lycopodifolia Cunn. ex Hook, and A. hippuroides Howard ex Benth., as well as in other unrelated tropical species All measurements are from herbarium specimens unless otherwise indicated. The un-numbered taxa in the following key are not treated herein and are included only to indicate relationships. Key to taxa of A. deltoidea group 1. Most phyllodes broadest below the middle, ovate to ovate-elliptic 2. Phyllodes mostly 5-10 mm long, inequilaterally ovate, acuminate, pungent, gland often extending beyond phyllode margin in tooth-like projection; seeds longitudinal in pods 1-4. adenogonia 2. Phyllodes 15-16 mm long, inequilaterally elliptic to elliptic-ovate, acute, not pungent, gland not extending beyond phyllode margin; seeds transverse 2b. 4. deltoidea subsp. ampla 1 . Most phyllodes broadest at or above the middle 3. Branchlets villose, hairs crisped, none gland-tipped; phyllodes broadly obdeltale 4. sublanata 3. Branchlets other than villose, gland-tipped hairs always present; phyllodes of other shapes 4. Calyx and corolla regularly 5-merous 5. Branchlets with long, gland-tipped hairs and shorter, anLrorsely curved hairs A. froggattii 5. Branchlets glandular-puberulous, hairs very short and patent sometimes with longer hairs intermixed 6. Phyllodes 4-6 mm wide, inequilaterally elliptic or obdeltatc 2a. 4. deltoidea subsp. deltoidea 6. Phyllodes 1.5-2 mm wide, inequilaterally oblong-oblanceolate, the margin between gland and apex strongly rounded 3.4. vincentii 4. Calyx with up to 1 1 acuminate lobes, corolla 7- or 8-lobed 4. stipulosa R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 2 203 1. Acacia adenogonia (Pedley) Cowan & Maslin, comb. nov. (Figure 1, 0-S) Basionym: Racosperma adenogonium Pedley, Austrobaileya 2(4): 316 (1987), based on the following. A. deltoidea Cunn. ex Don var.? pungens Bcnth., London J. Bot. 1: 333 (1842). Type: Greville Island, Western Australia, A. Cunningham s.n. (holo: K; iso: BM (probably), PERTH — fragment ex K). Illustration. L. Pedley, loc. cit., p. 317, Figure 1, E-I (1987). Erect to sprawling shrubs 1-2 m tall, spreading to 3 m. Bark smooth, dark red-brown with many pale lenticels. Branchlets terete, canescent-villose, scattered shorter gland-tipped hairs sometimes intermixed. Stipules persistent, subulate, 2.5-6.5 mm long, united to 1/3 length, curving upwardly, rigid, ciliolate, small subulate lobes sometimes present between primary ones. Phyllodes inequilaterally ovate to lanceolate, acuminate-pungent, sessile to subsessile, (3-)5-10(-15) mm long, 1.54.5 mm wide, coriaceous, crowded-imbricate, patent to inclined, subglabrous to villose, Figure 1. Some variation in phyllodes of taxa comprising the A. deltoidea alliance. A-B - A. stipulosa; C-D - A.froggattii; E-G - A. sublanala; H-M - A. deltoidea subsp. deltoidea; N - A. deltoidea subsp. ampla; O-P - Gibb River form of A. adenogonia; Q-S - coastal, typical form of A. adenogonia; T - A. vincentii. Phyllodes in most cases from several collections to illustrate intra- and inter-taxon variation in size and form; phyllode of A. vincentii from the type. All drawn at about 2x 204 Nuyisia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) scattered, short gland-tipped hairs sometimes present; nerves 3 or 4 on each phyllode face; gland 1, situated on upper margin of phyllodcs, often projecting in short tube beyond phyllode-margin. Peduncles 7.5-14 mm long, solitary, villose, basally ebracteate, occasionally bracleale above middle; heads globular, 4-6 mm diam., 60-92-flowcred; bractcoles cxscrted in bud, linear to narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals less than 1/2 corolla-length, 1/2-united, ciliolale, lobes linear from ciliolate basal cup. Petals 3/4-united, lobes ovate, puberulous. Filaments united irregularly in fascicles at the base. Legumes linear, raised over and irregularly slightly constricted between seeds, 35-85 mm long, 5-6.5 mm wide, thin-coriaceous, curved, canescent-puberulous with intermixed longer, gland-tipped hairs. Seeds longitudinal, elliptic-oblong, 6-6.5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, compressed, dull brown-black; pleurogram oblong, closed; aril apical. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Gibb River Road, 1.5 km W of Lennard River Gorge turn-off, G.W. Carr 41 15 & A.C. Beauglehole 47893 (BRI, CANB, K, MEL, PERTH); Napier Broome Bay, 7 km S of West Bay, EA. Chesterfield 313 with S.J. Forbes & .1.11. Willis (PERTH); Pirn Hill, E.A. Chesterfield 385 (PERTH); [Prince] Regent River, Voyage of Bathhurst in 1821-2, A. Cunningham 323 (PERTH, photograph of Herb. BM specimen); "Naturalist Island" in Prince Frederick Harbour at mouth of Hunter River, M. Evans 9 (PERTH); 0.5 km N of Pirn Hill between Napier Broome Bay and Vansittart Bay, 17 km NNW of Kalumburu Mission, S.J. Forbes 2176 with J.H. Willis (PERTH); Plain Creek near Beverley Springs Homestead, NE of Derby, K.F. Kenneally 1988 (PERTH); "Naturalist Island" in Prince Frederick Harbour, W of entrance to Hunter River, K.F. Kenneally 9926 (PERTH); Gibb River Road, c. 17 miles [27.4 km] N from turnoff to Ml House Homestead, 24 July 1974, J.H. Willis & A.C. Beauglehole s.n. NSW, PERTH 00709255); Augustus Island, Bonaparte Archipelago, P.G. Wilson 10702 (PERTH) and 18 May 1972, P.G. Wilson s.n. (PERTH 00709263); Uwins Island, Brunswick Bay, P.G. Wilson 1 1445 (PERTH). Distribution. Northern Western Australia in north-west and southern extremity of Gardner Botanical District and north central Fitzgerald Botanical District (1:250,000 maps D51-16, D52-9 and E51-4, 8). Occurs in scattered populations in West Kimberley, in the Bonaparte Archipelago and Napier Broome Bay areas and inland at Kimberley Downs Station, Beverley Springs Station and Phillips Range. The available material appears to indicate two populations comprising the species, one along the north coast of Western Australia and the nearby offshore islands, the other along the Gibb River road in the area of Beverley Springs Homestead, about 150 km southward. Habitat. Grows on sandy soil usually on sandstone in woodland. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering specimens have been collected between May and August, and legumes with mature seeds have been collected in July and August from plants still in flower. Conservation status. The wide distribution of this species suggests that it is probably neither rare nor endangered. Affinities. Superficially, A. adenogonia appears very similar to 4. deltoidea and they arc clearly related but A. adenogonia has phyllodes that arc widest below their middle, different branchlct pubescence (hairs shorter and mostly gland-tipped in A. deltoidea ; villose with only scattered gland-tipped hairs in A. adenogonia ), often cxscrted phyllode glands and narrower legumes with longitudinally oriented seeds. It is closer to A. froggaltii and A. sublanala with respect to orientation of the seeds in the pods. Bentham described it as a variety of A. deltoidea questionably, saying it might represent a distinct species. Variation. The southern population has somewhat larger phyllodes which arc villose, rather than obscurely puberulous as in the coastal form. We have not recognized infraspecific laxa largely because collections from the region between the two populations are inlrequent and we expect future collecting to show that these are extremes in a north to south cline, unworthy of lormal recognition. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 2 205 2. Acacia deltoidea Cunn. ex Don, Gen. Hist. 2: 401 (1832). Type : Montague Sound, Western Australia, 1820, A. Cunningham 293 (lecto: BM, fide L. Pedley, Austrobaileya 2(4): 315 (1987); iso: K, US). Racosperma deltoideum (Cunn. ex Don) Pedley, Austrobaileya 2(4): 315 (1987). Illustrations. F. Mueller, Iconogr. Austral. Acacia, dec. 7, pi. [1] (1887), as A. stipulosa ; J.H. Maiden, J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 53, pi. 13, figs. 7-17 (1920); L. Pedley, loc. cit., p. 319, Figure 2, J-N (1987). Shrubs 1.5-3 m tall. Bark grey to dark brown, fissured. Branchlets glandular puberulous with intermixed longer hairs, sometimes ± resinous. Stipules persistent, subulate, partly united, 1 .5-4 mm long, upwardly curving, ciliolate or glandular ciliolate. Phyllodes subsessile, inequilaterally cuneate, elliptic, ovate or broadly obdeltate, with a gland-bearing angle on die upper margin, ± mucronate-pungent, 6-16 mm long, 4-7 mm wide, thinly coriaceous to coriaceous, congested, imbricate, patent to ascending, glabrous or ± glandular puberulous on faces, and generally on margins, bright green; 3 or 4 longitudinal main nerves on each phyllodc face inconspicuous to prominulous; gland 1, situated on upper margin of phyllode, rarely projecting beyond margin. Peduncles (6-)10-25 mm long, solitary, glandular puberulous, basally ebracteate, rarely with a median peduncular bract; heads globular, dark golden, 5-6 mm diam., (30-)56-73-flowered, compact; bracteoles ± exserted in bud, spathulate with blade lanceolate and long-acuminate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals 1/2-2/3 corolla length, 1/3-1/2-united, lobes linear, glandular-puberulous apically. Petals 2/3-3/4-united, lobes ovate. Stamens free. Legumes oblong, slightly raised over but not constricted between seeds, 28-42 mm long, 9-12 mm wide, thinly coriaceous, straight, obliquely reticulate-ncrvcd, base rounded, apex roslriform. Seeds obliquely oriented, 5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, compressed, dull dark-brown; pleurogram closed; aril apical. 2a. Acacia deltoidea Cunn. ex Don subsp. deltoidea. (Figure 1 , H-M). Phyllodes coriaceous, inequilaterally cuneate, elliptic or triangular, excentrically mucronate-pungent, 6-8.5 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, glandular-puberulous, often obscurely. Peduncles 10-12 mm long, glandular-puberulous, rarely with a bract about the middle; bracteoles ± exserted in bud. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; 3.7 km NW of Mt Daglish, J.J. Alford 558 (PERTH); near Manning Gorge, Ml Barnett Station, /. Cowie 330 (PERTH); Fitzroy River, 1879, A. Forrest s.n. (NSW, PERTH 00698172); creek entering inlet of Talbot Bay, 23 km SE of Cockatoo Island, P.A. Fryxell & L.A. Craven 3893 (CANB, PERTH); Plain Creek, c. 10 km W of Beverley Springs Homestead, A.S. George 12228 (PERTH); Manning Gorge, A.S. George 15176 (PERTH); above the headwaters of the Helby River, T.G. Hartley 14819 (PERTH); Prince Regent River Reserve, K.F. Kenneally 2081 (K, MEL, PERTH); Euro Gorge, Drysdale River National Park, K.F. Kenneally 4363 (BRI, PERTH, TLF); Steep Island off Raft Point at entrance to Doubtful Bay, K.F. Kenneally 9681 (BRI, K, PERTH); 5.7 km NW of Gibb Rivcr-Kalumburu Road intersection, travelling along old Mitchell River Station Road, B.L. Koch 568 (CANB, K, PERTH); Boomerang Bay, Bigge Island, N.G. Marchani 72/116 (PERTH); High Cliffy Islands, E of Montgomery Island, 24 May 1987, L.M. Marsh s. n. (PERTH 00870021); Galvans Gorge, 14.8 km 5 of Barnett River on Gibb River - Derby road, J.G. & M.H. Simmons 1901 (PERTH); Stewart River valley, c. 82 km NNE of Derby, 13 km NNW of "Kimbollon" Homestead, I.R. Telford 6310 6 G. Butler (PERTH). Distribution. Northern Western Australia through most of the Gardner Botanical District and adjoining north-west part of the Fitzgerald Botanical District (1:250,000 maps D51-12, 15, 16; D52-10, 13; and E51-3, 4, 8). Occurs in scattered populations in the Kimberley in Buccaneer and Bonaparte Archipelago areas and near Cambridge Gulf extending inland to Mt Barnett and Drysdale River National Park. The A. Forrest collection cited above extends the range southward; 206 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) the precise locality is not known but from his journal we deduce the collection was made in grid-cell E51-8, not actually on the Fitzroy River but in its general area. Habitat. Grows in sandy soil usually on sandstone in open scrub and, where the soil is deeper, in woodland. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering specimens have been collected in March and between May and August; legumes with mature seeds have been collected in May, June and August from plants still in flower. Conservation status. Not considered rare or endangered. 2b. Acacia deltoidea Cunn. ex Don subsp. ampla Cowan & Maslin, subsp. nov. (Figure 1, N). Phyllodia firme charlacea, inaequilateraliter elliptica ad clliplico-ovata, contracto-acuta, mucronata, 15-16 mm longa, 5.5-7 mm lata. Pedunculi 18-25 mm longi, glandulan-puberuh, plerumque supra medium bracteam ferenti, bracleolis non exsertis in alabastro maturo. Typus- Lawley R. gorge, Western Australia, 29 July 1921, C.A. Gardner 996 (holo: PERTH; iso: NSW, PERTH - C.A. Gardner "1496”). Phyllodes thinly coriaceous, inequilaterally elliptic to elliptic-ovate, acute, mucronate, 15-16 mm long, 5.5-7 mm wide. Peduncles 18-25 mm long, glandular-puberulous, usually with a narrowly lanceolate bract above its middle; bracteoles not exserted in bud. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: base ot Bougainville Peninsula on E shore of Admiralty Gulf, P.A. Fryxell, L.A. Craven & ./. McD. Stewart 4782 (CANB, PERTH). Distribution. Northern Western Australia in northern part of the Gardner Botanical District (1:250,00 maps D51-12 and D52-9). Known only from two localities separated by 60 km in the Admiralty Gulf area. Habitat. Grows in woodland on sandstone. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering specimens have been collected in June (with legumes with sub-mature seeds) and in July. Conservation status. 2K, following the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). This is a poorly known taxon that may be rare, but the area is very poorly collected and dilticuli ot access. Discussion. The differences separating subsp. ampla from the typical subspecies arc mostly quantitative but they combine to produce quite a different appearing plant. Pcdlcy (1987) considered it to be only a large-phyllode form of this species but it is so different, especially in phyllode form and size, that we prefer recognizing it as a subspecies, thereby calling it to the attention of future monographers. Note Gardner’s collection numbers 1496 and 996 do refer to the same collection, as Pedley (1987) presumed; the first is the Western Australian Forest Deparunent number, the second Gardner’s own herbarium number. Etymology. The subspecies name refers to the size of the phyllodes which are much larger than those of the typical subspecies. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany -- 2 207 3. Acacia vincentii Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1 , T). Frulex 3 m altus, ramis longis, arcuatis. Stipulae persistentes, setaceae, connatae basaliter, 2-2.5 mm longae, glandulari-puberuli sursum. Phyllodia inaequilateraliter oblongo-oblanceolata, apicc mucronato-pungenti, circa lateralibus ad axcm longum, 4.5-5 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, ascendentia ad erecta, parce puberula. Pedunculi 9-9.5 mm longi, solitarii; capilulae oblongoideae, circa 5.5 mm diametro, 41-floribus, bractcolis longo-exscrtisin alabaslris maturis. Flores pentamcri, sepalis petalis 3/4 longioribus quam 1/2-connata corolla, connatis, lobis linearibus, ciliolalis. Legumen anguste oblongum, marginibus crenatis, 25-55 mm longum, 5-10 mm latum, arcuatum, dense glandulo-pubcrulum. Typus: 6 miles NE of F. B./33 [c. 10 km WSW of Mt Blythe], Edkins Range, West Kimberley Region, Western Australia, Aug. 1905, W. V. Fitzgerald 1421 (holo: NSW 104428; iso: NSW, PERTH). Illustration: L. Pedley, Austrobaileya 2(4): 317, Figure 1 , J, K (1987). Shrubs 3 m tall with long, arching branches. Branchlets terete, glandular-puberulous, slender. Stipules persistent, setaceous, united basally, often a setaceous lobe on each stipule between primary lobes, 2-2.5 mm long, curved upwardly, not rigid, sparingly glandular-puberulous to glabrous. Phyllodes inequilaterally oblong-oblanccolale, upper margin conspicuously rounded between apex and gland, apex mucronate-pungent and ± perpendicular to long axis of phyllode, pulvinus 0.3-0.4 mm long, blades 4.5-5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, coriaceous, ascending to erect, sparingly pubcrulous; 2 or 3 nerves on each phyllode face prominulous; gland 1, minute, situated on upper margin above middle of phyllode. Peduncles 9-9.5 mm long, solitary, ebracteate throughout, puberulous with many hairs gland-tipped; heads oblongoid, c. 5.5 mm diam., 41-flowered; bracteoles long-exserled in bud, spathulate with blade lanceolate, acuminate, puberulous and ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals 3/4 length of petals, 1/2-unitcd, linear lobes and margin of basal cup ciliolate. Petals 1/2-united, lobes puberulous. Stamen filaments free. Legumes narrowly oblong, not constricted between seeds, one or both margins crcnate, 25-55 mm long, 5-10 mm wide, curved, obliquely reticulate transversely, densely glandular puberulous. Seeds (immature) oblique, black, shiny; pleurogram U-shaped, 1/2 as long as seed; aril small, apical. Distribution. Northern Western Australia in the south-west of the Gardner Botanical District (1:250,000 map E51-4). Known only by the type collection from the Edkins Range, West Kimberley. Habitat. Collected from a sandstone plateau. No other data available. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering specimens were collected in August along with immature legumes. Conservation status. IX, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988) but its status cannot be reliably determined until more information is available. Affinities. The type collection of A. vincentii has been variously treated: Fitzgerald himself called it A. stipulosa on his labels; then Maiden (1920) treated it as A. deltoidea (incorrectly and inexplicably, citing April 1905 as the collecting date, although Fitzgerald gave August as the date in his field diary), at least partly because he considered A. stipulosa to be conspecific with A. deltoidea', finally, Pedley (1987) viewed the material of the new species as an "aberrant individual" of A. deltoidea. While related to A. deltoidea, A. adenogonia and A.froggatlii, the new species is really quite distinct. Its obliquely transverse seeds and glandular-puberulous vegetative parts relate it most closely to A. deltoidea subsp. deltoidea. From all elements of the "A. deltoidea group", A. vincentii differs in its setose stipules, the shape and size of the phyllodes, its 208 Nuyisia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) long-exserted bracteoles in bud, oblongoid flower heads and in its legume having one or both margins crenate. The new species is described, admittedly on less than the sort of complete data one hopes to have at hand when describing new taxa, because it is very distinct and a name is needed for it in the account of the Kimberley flora being prepared at PERTH, as well as for the Flora of Australia. Note. The type locality data have been augumented beyond those on the label itself, by notes from Fitzgerald’s diary/field book of the Kimberley Trigonometric Expedition of 1905. Etymology. This species is named for the collector of the only known material, William Vincent Fitzgerald, to perpetuate the memory of a keen field observer and one of Western Australia’s most respected early taxonomists. Acknowledgements We are most grateful to Diana Corbyn, technical assistant employed with ABRS grant lunds, lor her assistance generally but especially in bringing together ecologic, phonologic and geographic data involved in this study. John Rainbird prepared the illustrations and we are pleased to acknowledge his contribution. References Briggs, J.D. and J.H. Leigh (1988). "Rare or threatened Australian plants." Revised edition. (National Parks and Wildlife Service, Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra.) Maiden, J.H. (1920). Notes on Acacia, No. IV, (with descriptions of new species). J. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 53: 172-233. Maslin, B.R. (1978). Studies in the genus Acacia (Mimosaceae) - 8: A revision of the Uninerves-Triangulares, in part (the tetramerous species). Nuytsia 2(5): 266-333. Pedley, L. (1978). A revision of Acacia Mill, in Queenland. Austrobaileya 1: 75-234. Pedley, L. (1987). Racosperma deltoideum (Cunn. ex G. Don) Pedley (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) and related species in northern Australia. Austrobaileya 2(4): 314-320. Nuytsia 7(2): 209-219 (1990) 209 Acacia Miscellany 3. Some new microneurous taxa of Western Australia related to A. multilineata ( Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Abstract Cowan, R.S. & B.R. Maslin. Acacia Miscellany — 3. Some new microneurous taxa of Western Australia related to A. multilineata (LeguminosaerMimosoideae: Section Plurinerves, from Western Australia. Nuytsia 7(2): 209-219 (1990). Five new species and one new variety are described (A. caesariala, A. mimica, A. mimica var. angusta, A. palagiala, A. torticarpa and A. unguicula) and A. multilineata W. Fitzg. is re-described. A key is included to enable users to distinguish the taxa. Introduction Acacia multilineata W. Fitzg. is a species of Western Australia with "microneurous" phyllode nervature (cf. Maslin & Pedley 1988 for definition). We use this term to refer informally to groups characterized by phyllodes with numerous, fine, closely parallel, longitudinal nerves, lacking anastomoses between them. Members of the 'Acacia multilineata group’ have persistent stipules and the main longitudinal nerves, as well as usually the lesser nerves, are clearly defined and raised, often strongly so. The closest relative of this group of species is A. lineolata and the taxa related to it; the ’A. lineolata alliance’ differs in having phyllode nervature that is less strongly raised, sometimes scarcely visible, and most of the taxa in the group have more or less linear phyllodes. Both groups are native to the south-western region of Western Australia. In the following key, A. ancistrophylla and A. lineolata arc included because of their close relationship to A. multilineata, but not described. This is the third in a series of papers by one or more of the PERTH Wattle Team. The series is designed to give full descriptions and/or notes concerning new or previously described taxa, to present new combinations, lcctotypifications, etc. in advance of their more abbreviated treatment in the Flora of Australia. Measurements arc from dried material unless otherwise stated. In the text, taxa that are described are arranged alphabetically. 210 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Key to the taxa 1. Stipules spinescent 6. A. unguicula 1. Stipules not spinescent 2. Phyllodes with yellow marginal nerves 3. Heads pedunculate; flowers 4-merous; phyllode blade c. equally thick at centre of phyllode and at marginal nerve 4. A. patagiata 3. Heads sessile; flowers 5-merous; phyllode blades about twice as thick as marginal nerves (2. A. mimicd) 4. Phyllodes (18-)20-30(-35) mm long, 3-8 times longer than wide. Seeds mottled, usually light grey-brown on dark tan 2a. A. mimica var. mimica 4. Phyllodes (25-)40-80(-105) mm long, 12-45 times longer than wide, ± compressed. Seeds molded, usually dark tan on light grey-brown 2b. A. mimica var. angusla 2. Phyllodes lacking yellow marginal nerves 5. Stipules subulate or caudate-subulate, 24 mm long 6. Flower heads sessile, bracteate basal ly; sepals and petals ± 2/3 united 5. A. torticarpa 6. Flower heads shortly pedunculate, non-bracteate, sepals and petals free 1. A. caesariata 5. Stipules not subulate, much shorter 7. Phyllodes 1.5-2 cm long with stomata obscure or at least not obviously raised; stipules caducous A. ancistrophylla 7. Phyllodes about 3 cm long with raised stomata between the nerves (xlO magnification) 8. Apex of phyllodes recurved, not at all ± pungent, phyllodes straight or shallowly curved A. lineolata 8. Apex of phyllodes straight, pungent, phyllodes mostly strongly incurved 3. A. multilineata 1. Acacia caesariata Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Frutices densi rotundato-triangulari vel plano-coronati 0.6-1. 3 m aid, ramulis tomentosis. Slipulae persistentes, subulatae, 2-4 mm longae, pilosae. Phyllodia anguste oblongo-oblanccolata, rotundato-obtusa et mucronata, versus basim attenuata, 20-45 mm longa, 3-10 mm lata, erecta, recta ad leviter incurvala, tomentosa, tandem glabrcscentia, 1-3 nervis primariis in quoque superficie et nervis secondariis numerosis, salientibus, glande plus minusve 2 mm super pulvino. Pedunculi (1.5-)3-4 mm longi, 2 in quoque axilla, lomentosi. Capitula globularia, 4 mm diametro, 18-20- floribus. Flores 5-meri. Sepala pctalis plus minusve dimidia breviora, linearia, discreta. Petala discrela, glabra. Legumina anguste oblonga, 12-25 mm longa, 2.5-3 mm lata, chartacea, arcuata ad irregulariter flexuosa, pilosa. Semina longitudinalia, ovalia, elliptica vel oblonga, 2.5-3 mm longa, 1.2-1. 8 mm lata, nitida, nigra; pleurogramma arcuata, 0.3-0.5 mm long; arillo apicali, galeato. Figure 1. Flowering branchlet, englarged portion of phyllode to show nervature and fruit of new taxa of Acacia. A-B - A. caesar iata. C-D - A. torticarpa. E-F - A. mimica var. mimica. G-H A. mimica var. angusta. I-J - A. patiagiata, K-N - A. unguicula. A-B drawn from M.D. Tindale 3720; C-D from C.A. Gardner 7621; E-F from S. Paust 677 (flowering) and B R . Maslin 4065 (fruiting); G-H from P.G. Wilson 5417 (flowering) and K.R.Newbey 1614 (fruiting); I-J from BK. Maslin 3460 (flowering) and G. Craig 1675 (fruiting); K-N from H R. Maslin 4240. 212 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Typus: 30.5 km W of Kununoppin towards Wyalkatchem, Western Australia, 26 August 1973, B.R. Maslin 3405 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Dense, rounded-triangular- or flat-crowned shrubs 0.6-1. 3 m tall, spreading 2-3 in diam. Bark grey, rough at stem bases, smooth on branches. Branchlels ± terete, slightly ribbed, lomentose. New growth white-tomentosc. Stipules persistent, subulate, 2-4 mm long, straight, chartaceous, pilose or pubcrulous. Phyllodes narrowly oblong-oblanccolalc, rounded-obtuse, mucronate, mucro short, straight or slightly curved, brown, hard, ± coarsely pungent, base attenuate, pulvinus 0.5-1 mm long, blades 20-45 mm long, 3-10 mm wide, coriaceous, ascending to erect, straight to slightly incurved, lomentose, tardily glabrescent, dark green or grey-green; 1-3 main nerves on each face strongly salient, light-coloured, distant, the inter-nerve spaces 5 or more times wider than width of main nerves, occasionally a few anastomoses evident, stomata not visible, numerous secondary nerves less raised or all nerves about equally raised. Gland one, situated on upper margin of phyllode ± 2 mm above pulvinus. Peduncles (1.5-)3-4 mm long, 2 per axil, tomentose; basal peduncular bracts ovate, acute, scarious, c. 2 mm long, brown, glabrous except sometimes lightly appressed pubcrulous on abaxial surface along midnerve. Flower-heads globular, dark lemon- yellow, 4 mm diam., 18-20-flowered. Bracleoles linear-fusiform to narrowly oblong. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals c. 1/2 petal length, linear, slightly expanded at apex, free. Petals free, glabrous. Legumes narrowly oblong, 12-25 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, scarcely raised over and not constricted between seeds, chartaceous, arcuate to irregularly flexuose (old valves coiled), pilose, light brown. Seeds longitudinal, oval, elliptic or oblong, 2.5-3 mm long, 1.2- 1.8 mm wide, compressed, glossy black; pleurogram arcuate, 0. 3-0.5 mm long; aril apical, 1/2 as long as seed, galeate, white. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 16.5 km E ol Korrelocking on road to Kununoppin, R.S. Cowan A738 & B.R. Maslin (PERTH); N of Bungulla towards Wyalkatchem, B.R. Maslin 3399 (AD, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); E of Korrelocking, B.R Maslin 4453 (PERTH); W of Kununoppin towards Wyalkatchem, M.D. Tindale 100 and E.M. Bennett (PERTH); 3.2 km SW of Yelbini on Wyalkalchem-Kununoppin road, M.D. Tindale 3720 (AD, B, BRI, CANB, L, MEL, MO, NSW, PERTH, US). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Avon Botanical District (1:250,000 map H50-15). Geographically restricted and poorly collected species of the Bungulla-Kununoppin area. Habitat. In mallee scrub and eucalypt woodland on hard gritty loam or clay. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers in August— September; mature legumes with seed collected in January. Affinities. Most closely allied to A. torticarpa which has partly united sepals and pubescent petals, sessile flower heads, spathulate bracteoles, and usually narrower, differently shaped phyllodes; the different shape may well be only a function of the width. Superficially, A. caesariata resembles A. multilineata but the tomentose branchlcts and phyllodes of the new species readily separate the two taxa. There is a very superficial similarity to A. consobrina but phyllodes of the latter have conspicuous anastomoses between the primary nerves, in addition to other differences. Conservation status. 2E [K], using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The specific name refers to the general "hairiness” of the plant (from caesariatus , Latin for covered with hair or long-haired). 2. Acacia mimica Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. Frutices 0.3-2.5 m alti, 0.6-3 m diametro extendentia, ramulis appresso-pubcrulis, glabrcscentibus, saepe nodosis. Phyllodia anguste elliptica usque ad oblanceolaio-oblonga vcl lincaria usque ad oblanceolato-linearia, acuta, obtusa vel rotundato-obtusa, plerumque mucronulata. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia MisceLlany — 3 213 mucrone atro-brunneo crasso et obtuso, ad basem acuta, pul vino 1-1.5 mm longo, puberulo, lamina 2-10 cm longa, 2-7 mm lata, coriacca vcl rigido-coriacea, patentia usque ad erecta, levitcr ad valdc incurvata, plus minusve glauca, subtiliter et uniformitcr multincrvia, nervis salientibus, leviter pravis, lucidis, nervo marginali luteo, promincnti, glande basali. Capitula sessilia, globularia vel subglobularia, 7-8 mm diametro in vivo, pedunculi bractea basalis ovata ad triangulari-ovata, abaxialiter puberula, (9-)15-20(-27)-floribus, bracteolis unilaterale peltatis, abaxialiter pubcrulis, cum pilis glandularibus rubris. Flores 5-meri. Sepala pelalis 1/2-2/3 breviora, saltern 3/4-connata, lobis rotundatis vel truncatis, rubro-ciliolatis. Petala discreta, glabra. Legumina lincaria, 25-65 mm longa, 2-4 mm lata, recta usque ad valde curvala, glabra. Semina longitudinalia, ovalia, clliplica vel oblongo-elliptica, 2-3.5 mm longa, 1.5-2 mm lata, nitida, maculata, plcurogramma oblonga, 0.5 mm longa; areola cinerca; arillus apicalis. Typus: 11.2 km SW of Dowerin towards Goomalling, Western Australia, 13 August 1971, B.R. Maslin 2015 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW, NY). Dense, rounded, obconic, erect or semi-prostrate shrubs 0.3-2. 5 m tall, spreading 0.6-3 m diam. Branches often gnarled, peripheral ones horizontal, central ones erect. Bark on young branchlets red-brown, becoming light-grey, smooth except lightly fissured or fibrous from main branches to base. Branchlets appressed puberulous, glabresccnt. Phyllodes flat but blades thicker than at the marginal nerve, narrowly elliptic to oblanccolate-oblong, or linear to oblanceolate-linear, acute to obtuse to rounded-obtuse, mucronulate, mucro dark-brown, thick and blunt, base acute, pulvinus 1-1.5 mm long, blades 2-10 cm long, 2-7 mm wide, coriaceous to rigid-coriaceous, patent to erect, glabrous except puberulous at least on upper surface of pulvinus, slightly to strongly incurved, usually subglaucous to glaucous, or only green, finely and uniformly mullinerved, nerves salient, not straight, occasionally anastomosing, ± shiny on surface, inter-nerve spaces about 3 limes as wide as nerves, marginal nerve narrow, prominent, yellow, especially towards apex. Gland one, situated on upper margin of phyllode at distal end of pulvinus. Flower-heads sessile, globular to subglobular, light- to mid-golden, 8 mm long, 7 mm diam. (fresh), subtended by a scries of bract-like bracteoles and the larger basal peduncular bract, this ovate to triangular-ovate, puberulous abaxially, ciliolate with at least some glandular, red micro-hairs, (9-)15-20(-27)-flowercd. Bracteoles unilaterally peltate, stipilalc, biadc oblate, ciliolate, puberulous abaxially with glandular, red micro-hairs. Flowers 5-mcrous. Sepals 1/3-2/3 petal length, 3/4 to completely united, lobes rounded or truncate, often puberulous on central nerve, ciliolate, mostly with red micro-hairs. Petals free, glabrous. Ovary papillale-puberulous. Legumes linear, only slightly raised over and weakly constricted between seeds, 25-65 mm long, 2-4 mm wide, subercct, crustosc, straight to weakly curved, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, sometimes somewhat obliquely, oval to elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 2-3.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 1.5 mm thick, glossy, mottled with small, paler markings on dark-tan, or darker markings on lighter background; plcurogram U-shaped, 0.5 mm long; areole grey; funicle/aril in two loose loops over apex of seed. Affinities. This wide-ranging species (Avon, Roe and Eyre Botanical Districts) has yellow marginal nerves on the phyllodes, a character shared with the closely related A. patagiata which has impressed nerves and tetramerous Bowers. Variation. The two varieties comprising A. mimica are most obviously different in their phyllode proportions. The northern, broad-phyllode form (var. mimica ) extends south and actually into the range of var. angusta which follows an east/west line just N of Albany to Mt Burdett, east of Esperance. The seed difference noted is interesting but may not be sustained by additional fruiting collections. Etymology. The specific name refers to the considerable similarity in phyllode morphology of this species and A. patagiata. i.e., A. mimica mimics its relative in respect to several morphological character states (from mimicus, latinized form of Greek mimikos , for imitative). 214 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) 2a. Acacia mimica var. mimica (Figure 1) Phyllodes narrowly elliptic to oblanceolaie-oblong, usually obtuse to rounded-obtuse, (18-)20-30(-35) mm long, (3-)4-6(-7) mm wide, 3-8 times longer than wide. Seeds oval to elliptic, 2-3 mm long, mottled light grey-brown on dark tan. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bruce Rock, Sept. 1933, E.T. Bailey s.n. (PERTH 00188093); North Bungalla Reserve, 11 km N of Bungalla on road to Yorkrakine, R.S. Cowan A743 & B.R. Maslin (PERTH); Kukcrin, Sept. 1934, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH 00188107); about 29 km due NW of Bruce Rock, B.R. Maslin 2365 (K, PERTH); 4 mi [6.4 km] E of Nyabing, K. Newbey 414 (PERTH); 10 mi [16 km] E of Jerramungup, /C Newbey 783 (CANB, PERTH); 1 mi [1.6 km] N of Bendering, K. Newbey 3224 (BM, PERTH); between Lake Grace and Lake Biddy near Buniche, N. Perry 539 (PERTH); 7.7 km E of Goomalling, P. Roberts 1 I2A (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Avon, Roe and Eyre Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps H50-14, 15; 150-3, 7, 8). Occurs sporadically from near Goomalling SSE to near Jerramungup. Habitat. Yellow to brown sand and sandy loam, gravel or pale brown clay on hillsides and sand plains. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers in August — September. The only mature legumes with seeds collected in December. Conservation status. 3C, using criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). 2n3b. Acacia mimica var. angusta Cowan & Maslin, var. nov. (Figure 1) A var. mimica phyllodiis linearibus ad oblanccolato-lincaribus, (25-)40-80(-105) mm longis, 2-3.5(-4.5) mm latis, 12-45-plo longioribus quam latioribus, seminibus oblong-ellipticis, 3-3.5 mm longis differt. Typus: 8 km S of Ravensthorpe on road to Hopctoun, Western Australia, 13 August 1968, P.G. Wilson 7060 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, NSW, NY). Phyllodes linear to oblanceolate-linear, usually acute, (25-)40-80(-105) mm long, 2-3.5(-4.5) mm wide, 12-45 times longer than wide. Seeds oblong-elliptic, 3-3.5 mm long, mottled dark-tan on pale grey-brown. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 28 mi [45 km] NW of Fitzgerald River Inlet, K.M. Allan 329 (BM, BRI, PERTH); 31.25 km SE of Ml Burdett, M.A. Burgman 1690 and S.McNee (K, PERTH); 5 km S of Borden, P.E. Conrick 1661 (PERTH); 0.4 km E of Ravensthorpe-Hopetoun road on Elvcrtdon Rd., R.S. Cowan A758 & B.R. Maslin (PERTH); Susetta River above junction with Fitzgerald River, 34° 00’ S, 119° 21' E, A. 5. George 10007 (K, PERTH); Esperance Location 1762 near Scaddan, H.E. Knox 13 (PERTH); 4 km S of Ravensthorpe towards Hopetoun, B.R. Maslin 2562 (AD, BRI, CANB, NY, PERTH); near West River crossing, 37 km W of Ravensthorpe towards Jerramungup, B.R. Maslin 2579A (PERTH); 21 km W of Ravensthorpe towards Jerramungup, B.R. Maslin 3468 (AD, BRI, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH); 12 mi [19 km] SE of Ongerup, K. Newbey 1295 (CANB, PERTH); 16 km SW of Ravensthorpe, K. Newbey 9458 (B, G, MELU, MO, PERTH, Z). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Roe and Eyre Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps 150-8, 11, 12; 151-5, 6). Variety angusta occurs to the south of the typical variety (except for one population of var. mimica from near Jerramungup). Most of the collections are lrom the Borden-Ravensthorpe area but there are two from farther east, near Scaddan and near Mt Burdett (c. 100 km and 140 km east of Ravens tliorpe respectively). R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 3 215 Habitat. Often on clay, sandy clay or gravelly clay but also on sandy or stony loam, in open areas in low shrub malice or tall shrubland. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering July — September (early October); legumes with mature seeds collected in December. Conservation status. 3C, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). 3. Acacia multilineata W. Fitzg., J. Western Australian Nat. Hist. Soc. 1:13 (1904). Type: Arrino, Western Australia, September 1903, W.V. Fitzgerald s.n. (holo: NSW 216915; iso: PERTH). Dense, rounded or obconic shrubs 1-1.7 m tall. Branchlets appresscd puberulous. New shoots silvery grey sericeous, arising within axil of paired peduncles at anthesis. Stipules persistent, minute, triangular. Phyllodes narrowly to broadly oblong-oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, acute, mucronate, the mucro hard and sub-pungent or pungent, base attenuate, pulvinus 1-2.5 mm long and appressed puberulous adaxially, blades 30-65 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, rigid-coriaceous, ascending, usually ± incurved to nearly straight, appressed puberulous, glabrcsceni, olive-green; nerves numerous, yellowish, strongly salient, inter-nerve spaces about twice as wide as nerves and with raised sLomata clearly evident. Gland 1-3, situated on upper margin of phyllode, the lowest in the basal 1/3 of phyllode. Peduncles 5-6.5 mm long, rarely to 11 mm long, 2 per axil, glabrous to appressed puberulous; basal peduncular bract cuculiate, caducous, appressed-pubcrulous. Flower-heads globular to slightly oblongoid, 4.5-6 mm diam., 25-35-flowered, rarely fewer. Bracteoles linear, ciliolate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals c. 1/2 petal length, free, linear, ciliolate. Petals free, glabrous. Legumes linear, raised over and slightly constricted between seeds, 55-80 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, thin-coriaceous, straight to slightly curved, appressed puberulous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong-elliptic, 3-3.5 mm long, 1.7-2 mm wide, glossy brown; pleurogram small, c. 0.8 mm long, U-shapcd, somewhat raised, paler coloured than rest of seed; aril and funicle yellow, apical, 2/3 as long as seed. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: On Mullewa road, l.B. Armitage 276 (PERTH); half-way between Pindar and Mullewa, AM. Ashby 1571 (PERTH); east ot Yuna on Tenindewa road, AM. Ashby45\5 (PERTH), 4516 (CANB, PERTH) and 4645 (PERTH); 4 mi [6.4 km] W of Mullewa, AM. Ashby 4646 (PERTH); Dartmoor turnoff on road from Yuna to Tenindewa, G. Phillips GP42 (PERTH); 12.8 km E of Mullewa towards Yalgoo, B.R. Maslin 3637 (K, MEL, PERTH); 13 km E of Mullewa towards Yalgoo, B.R. Maslin 5077 (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Irwin and Avon Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps H50-l,2,6). Known only from a few localities between Yuna and Arrino.; the type collection was made in the vicinity of Arrino which is considerably south and west ol most of the other collection localities. Habitat. On sandplains or on rocky clay. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering June— August; mature legumes with seeds in November and December. Affinities. Related to the widespread, variable A. lineolala , the taxonomy of which is currently under review; A. multilineata is most readily distinguished by the straight, rather than recurved, apex of its strongly incurved phyllodes. It is not inconceivable that the two species will in the final analysis prove to be best treated as infraspecific taxa of one species. Conservation status. 2K, using criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). 216 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) 4. Acacia patagiata Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Frutices 0.5-2.5 m aiti, corticc cinerea, laevi versus basim aspri excepia, ramulis glabris vcl subglabris, rubro-brunneis. Phyllodia angustc clliptica ad anguste oblongo-oblanceolata, acuta vel obtusa et oblique mucronata, versus basim attenuata, pulvino 1-1.5 mm longo, glabro, lamina 25-55 mm longa, 3-8 mm lata, plus minusve valde incurvaia, glabra, subglauca ad glauca, nervis tons pariter distinctis vel 1-3 elevatioribus in quoque supcrficie, venulis pravis, tenuibus, incompletis, nervo marginale valido, luteo, glandibus 2 vel 3 phyllodiorum juxta basem, medium el apicem. Pedunculi (2-)3-6(-7) mm longi, plerumque glabri et glauci, 2-4 in quoque axilla. Capitula globularia, 3-5 mm diametro, 16-24-floribus. Flores tetrameri. Sepal a petal is minus quam dimidia breviora, 1/4-3/4-connata, lobis plus minusve ovalibus. Petala discreta, glabra. Ovarium dense appresso-puberulum. Legurnina lincaria, 40-95 mm longa, 2-3.5 mm lata, pendentia, subrecta ad valde curvata, saepe glauca, suluris anguste incrassatis, lutcis ad diluto-brunneis. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga ad clliptico-oblonga, 3. 5-4. 5 mm longa, 2-2.5 mm lala, nitide atro-brunnea ad nigra; pleurogramma 2-2.5 mm longa, peranguste; arillo pallido, apicali, galeato. Typus: 7 km S of Mount Madden towards Ravcnsthorpe, Western Australia, 28 August 1973, B.R. Maslin 3446 (holo: PERTH; iso; AD, B, BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, W). Rounded shrubs 0. 5-2.5 m tall, spreading 1-2 m diam. Bark grey, smooth, except more or less roughened at extreme base of main trunks. Branchlets slightly angled at tips, soon terete, glabrous or sparingly appresscd-puberulous, glabresccnt, red-brown. Stipules caducous. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, acute to obtuse, more or less excentrically mucronate, the mucro straight or curved, dark brown, hard, coarsely pungent, tapering to pulvinus 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous, blades 25-55 mm long, 3-8 mm wide, rigid-coriaceous, ascending to erect, rather strongly incurved, glabrous, subglaucous to glaucous; all nerves equally distinct but most often one mid-nerve or 3 main longitudinal nerves more strongly raised, yellowish, numerous finer venules appearing as irregularly parallel, commonly incomplete, dark lines in the blade, inter-nerve spaces many times wider than the main nerves, strong marginal nerves yellow, about equally thick as the blade. Glands 2 or 3, situated near base, middle and apex on upper margin of phyllode. Peduncles (2-)3-6(-7) mm long, 2(-4) per axil, glabrous or occasionally with few appressed hairs, sometimes more or less glaucous; basal peduncular bract caducous, cucullate, broadly ovate, glabrous except ciliolate. Flower-heads globular, golden, (3-)4-5 mm diam., 16-24-flowered. Bracteoles spathulate-obovate, ciliolate. Flowers 4-mcrous. Sepals less than 1/2 length of petals, 1/4-3/4-united, lobes ± oval, ciliolate. Petals free, glabrous. Ovary densely appressed puberulous. Legumes linear, somewhat raised over and constricted between seeds, 40-95 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, pendent, cruslose, nearly straight to curved (old valves coiled and twisted), glabrous, sometimes slightly glaucous, dark-brown with narrow, yellow to light brown marginal nerves. Seeds longitudinal, oblong to elliptic-oblong, 3. 5-4. 5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, compressed, glossy, dark brown to black; pleurogram 2-2.5 mm long, very narrowly U-shapcd; arcole more or less depressed; aril apical, about 1/3 as long as seed, galcatc. Selected specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Jerramungup, 40.3 km E of Ongcrup, r.E.II. Aplin, 1. Lethbridge and R. Coveny 3330 (PERTH); Pingrup, W.E. Blackall 3082 (PERTH); 37.5 km NNW of Mt Ncy, M.A. Burgman 1848 and S. McNee (PERTH); 19.5 km due SE of Muckinwobert Rock, M.A. Burgman 4030 (PERTH); near Carracarrup Creek, 15 km S of Ravensthorpe, G. Craig 1526C (MEL, PERTH); approx. 9 km E of Scaddan on Scaddan Road, G. Craig 1675 (PERTH); 31.6 mi [50.6 km] E of Lake King towards Norseman, R. Camming 2588 (AD, BRI, PERTH); Phillips River crossing, 17 km W of Ravensthorpe towards Jerramungup, B.R. Maslin 3460 (AD, B, BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); Mungltnup area, east of Ravensthorpe, B.R. Maslin 4480 (MEL, PERTH); 6 km NW of Boxwood Hill, K. Newbey 4261 (PERTH); 25 km ESE of Mt Gibbs, Frank Hann National Park, K. Newbey 5421 (PERTH); gate at rabbit-proof fence, Mt Madden, R.A. Saffrey 316 (BM, NSW, NY, PERTH, W); Phillips River Crossing, Ravcnsthorpc-Jerramungup road, M.D. Tindale 3820 (BRI, CANB, K, MEL, MO, US). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Roc and Eyre Botanical Districts (1:250,000 maps 150-8, 12; 151-1, 5, 6). Common throughout its range, from Pingrup E to near Mt Ney with a northern limit in the Frank Hann National Park, 60 km N of Ravensthorpe. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 3 217 Habitat. Usually along salt creeks and rivers, as well as at margin of salt pans and salt lakes, often on small rises above HolosarciajArihrocnemum zone, on soils of fine or coarse sands to clay and loam. (Much of the habitat information is based on Gill Craig’s study of salt-tolerant plants and we are indeed grateful for this use of her data.) Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering in July-Scplcmbcr; fruiting November to January. Affinities. The new species resembles A. multilineata especially and to a lesser extent A. unguicula but it is very distinct from both by virtue of its tclramerous flowers and by features of the phyllode nervature: the main nerves (when they arc identifiable as such) are continuous from base to apex, yellowish and broader than the irregularly parallel venules; and the marginal nerves are strongly developed and yellow. In addition, the phyllodcs are subglaucous to strongly glaucous and lack obvious stomata. Acacia mimica is also a close relative but it has 5-mcrous Cowers, uniformly distinct nerves in the phyllodes, sessile flower heads and mottled seeds. Conservation status. 3C, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the yellow border of the phyllodes (a patagium was the golden border around the hem of the robe of Roman ladies, hence, patagiatus or bordered). 5. Acacia torticarpa C. Gardner ex Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Arbuscula (?). Ramuli villoso-tomentosi, valde sulcati. Stipulae persistentes, caudato-subulatae, 3-4 mm longac, tomentosae. Phyllodia angusie linearia, oblanceolato-linearia vel elliptico-linearia, obtuso-mucronulata, pulvino 1 mm longo, tomentoso, lamina 37-55 mm longa, 2-3.5 mm lata, incurvata, villoso-tomcntosa, nervis principalibus 3 vel 4 in quoque superficic, valde salientibus, nervis sccondariis 3 vc! 4, fere quam salientibus. Pedunculi deficientes vel perbreves, 2 in quoque axilla. Capitulae involucratae, pedunculari bractea basali ovata usque ad elliptica, globulares, circa 5 mm diametro, 17- vel 18-floribus; bracteolae plus minusve spathulatae, laminis ellipticis vel ovatis. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala pctalaque 1/2-2/3-connata, puberula ciliolataque, sepala petalis dimidia breviora. Legurnina flcxuoso-linearia, plus minusve 20 mm longa, 2 mm lata, villoso-tomentosa. Semina longitudinalia, ovalia vel elliptica, 1.5-2 mm longa, 1.2 mm lata; pleurogramma parva, arco-formata, arillo apicali, clongato. Typus: Yorkrakine, Western Australia, 19 July 1946, C.A. Gardner 8043 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD, BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, NSW, NY, PERTH, W, Z). Shrubs (?). Branchlels villose-tomentose, strongly sulcate. New growth pale golden at tips, becoming grey. Stipules persistent, caudate-subulate, 3-4 mm long, tomentose. Phyllodes narrowly linear to oblanceolate-linear or elliptic-linear, acute, mucronate, often bluntly mucronulate later by loss of mucro apex, mucro brown, straight, hard, ± coarsely pungent, base attenuate, blades 37-55 mm long, 2-3.5 mm wide, coriaceous, patent to inclined, slightly to moderately incurved, villose-tomentose at first, somewhat glabrescenl; 3 or 4 main nerves per face strongly salient, 3 or 4 secondary nerves nearly as raised, inlcr-ncrve spaces much wider than nerves, stomata not evident. Gland one, slightly raised, situated on upper margin of phyllode 1-3.5 mm above the very short (1 mm) pulvinus. Peduncles absent or very short, 2 per axil, tomentose; basal peduncular bract narrowly ovate, acute, puberulous, cilialc, this and 4 bract-like bracteolcs encircling base of head. Flower-heads globular, ± 5 mm diam., 17- or 18-flowered. Bracteoles ± spathulate, the blade elliptic to ovate, acute, puberulous, ciliate, exserted in bud. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals half as long as petals, both sepals and petals 1/2-2/3-uniled, puberulous, ciliolate. Ovary densely villose, principally on margins, hairs directed antrorscly. Legumes flexuose-lincar, c. 20 mm long, 2 mm wide, coriaceous, villose-tomentose. Seeds longitudinal in the legumes, oval to elliptic, 1.5-2 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, glossy tan, compressed; plcurogram a small arc, c. 0.5 mm long and wide; areolc in shallow depression, pale brown; aril apical, extending down one side more than half seed length. 218 NuylsiaVol. 7, No. 2(1990) Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: N of Yorkrakine, C.A. Gardner 7621 (PERTH); E of South Kumminin, C.A. Gardner 9485 (PERTH). Distribution. Soulh-west Western Australia in Avon Botanical District (1:250,000 maps H50-15; 150-3). Only three collections arc known of this species, all from near Yorkrakine and South Kumminin. Numerous attempts to re-collect the species in any of the localities have been in vain. Habitat. No details available. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowers collected in July; legumes with mature seeds collected in September. Affinities. The new species is part of the ’A. multilineata group’ and is most similar to A caesariata , differing in having sessile flower heads with a subtending row of bract-like bracteoles, partly connate perianth parts, sulcate branchlets and flexuose legumes. Conservation status. 3E[K], using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. C.A. Gardner coined the specific epithet in allusion to the strongly flexuose fruits, but never published it. We have adopted his herbarium name, rather than another, to avoid any possible confusion with duplicates the collector may have distributed bearing this name. 6. Acacia unguicula Cowan & Maslin, sp. nov. (Figure 1) Frutices 1-2 m alti vel arbores usque ad 3 m altae, cortice cinereo, fibroso cl truncorum versus basem plus minusve Fissurato, ramulis angularibus, glabris appresso-puberulis in phyllodiorum axillas exceptis. Stipulae persistentes, spinescemes, recurvatae, 0.7- 1.2 mm longac. Phyllodia anguste oblonga ad oblongo-oblanceolata vel clliptica, abrupte el breve angusto-cuspidata, attenuata versus basem, (14-)20-40 mm longa, 3-4 mm lata, rigida, recta vel levilcr curvata, glabra, 14-16 nervis principalibus valdissime salientibus; glande 1 vel 2. Fedunculi 7-1 1 mm longi, binati, glabri; pedunculi bractea basalis cucullata, rostrata. Capilulae globulares, aLro-aureae, 5-6 mm diametro, 24-34-floribus; bracteolis linearibus vel lineari-spathulatis. Flores 5-mcri. Sepala petala minus quam 1/2 breviora, discreta, linearia ad lineari-spalhulata. Petala discreta, glabra. Legumen lineare, ad 60 mm longum, 2 mm latum, parce appresso-pubcrulum. Semina non vidi. Typus: Mount Singleton, Ninghan Station, Western Australia, 6 August 1969, R.A. Saffrey 829 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NY). Openly branched shrubs 1-2 m or tree (?) to 3 m tall. Bark grey, fibrous and somewhat fissured at base of trunks, smooth on branches. New shoots sparsely appressed puberulous, hairs white, shoots arising from within axil of paired peduncles at anthesis. Branchlets with several low ridges, glabrous except appressed puberulous in axils of phyllodcs. Stipules persistent, spinescent, more or less recurved, 0.7-1. 2 mm long. Phyllodes narrowly oblong to oblong-oblanceolate or elliptic, abruptly and often cxcentrically short-cuspidate, pungent, (14-)20-40 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, rigid, erect, straight or slightly curved, glabrous except appressed puberulous basally on adaxial surface, olive-green; 14-16 main nerves strongly salient, few strong anastomoses evident, stomata distinct, not strongly raised. Glands 1 or 2 on upper margin of phyllode, lowest one in basal hall ol phyllode, upper one (when present) near apex. Peduncles 7-1 1 mm long, 2 per axil, glabrous; basal peduncular bract caducous, cucullate, rostrate. Flower-heads globular, deep golden, 5-6 mm diam., 24-34-flowered. Bracteoles linear or linear-spalhulate. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals less than 1/2 petal length, free, linear-spathulate. Petals free, glabrous. Legumes (immature) linear, to 60 mm long, 2 mm wide, slightly raised over and scarcely constricted between seeds, old valves coiled, sparsely appressed puberulous. Seeds not seen. R.S. Cowan & B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 3 219 Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mt Singleton, J.S. Beard 6454 (PERTH), C.A. Gardner 12012 (PERTH), B.R. Maslin 4240 (CANB, K, MEL, PERTH), and 5 /7. Smith 614 (BRI, MEL, PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in Austin Botanical District (1:250,000 map H50-7). Known only from Mt Singleton between Wubin and Paynes Find. Habitat. Rocky clay or loam in open scrub on upper slopes and summit of mountain. Flowering and fruiting periods. Flowering August — September; no mature legumes seen. Affinities. Related to A. multilineata but differing most obviously in its persistent, more or less recurved, spinescent stipules and very strongly salient nerves; its peduncles are also longer. The new species is restricted to Mt Singleton, W.A. Conservation status. 2V, using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The specific epithet, refers to the stipules as small claws (the diminutive of unguis, Latin for nail, claw or talon). Acknowledgements Suzanne Curry, technical assistant employed with ABRS grant funds, provided invaluable support in the preparation of this account, without which we would have been severely handicapped. The illustrations prepared by John Rainbird are especially helpful to complement the text. We are very grateful to both our collaborators. References Briggs, D. & J.H. Leigh (1988). "Rare or Ihreatencd Australian plants." Revised edn. (National Parks and Wildlife Service, Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra). Maslin, B.R. & L. Pedley (1988). Patterns of distribution of Acacia in Australia. Austral. J. Bol. 36: 385-393. Nuytsia 7(2); 221-228(1990) 221 Acacia Miscellany 4. Three new Western Australian species with affinities to A. wilhelmiana (Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves ) from Western Australia. B.R. Maslin Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Conservation and Land Management, P.O. Box 104, Como, Western Australia 6152 Abstract B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 4. Three new Western Australian species with affinities to A. wilhelmiana (Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia.. Nuytsia 7(2): 221-228 (1990). Descriptions are provided for three new Western Australian species of Acacia, namely, A. ascendens, A. brachypoda and A. cowaniana. These species, together with seven close relatives, are referred to the informal " A . wilhelmiana group". A key is presented to the ten species of this group. Introduction The main purpose of this paper is to describe three new Western Australian species for inclusion in the forthcoming Acacia volume of Flora of Australia. These species, together with seven close relatives, are here referred to informally as the "Acacia wilhelmiana group'. The 10 species assigned to this group are: A. abrupta Maiden & Blakely, A. ascendens Maslin sp. nov., A barattensis J. Black, A. brachypoda Maslin sp. nov., A. cowaniana Maslin sp. nov., A. gracilifolia Maiden & Blakely, A. helmsiana Maiden, A. menzelii J. Black, A. viscifolia Maiden & Blakely and A. wilhelmiana F. Muell. Most species of the "A. wilhelmiana group" occur in the semi-arid areas of south-west Western Australia and south-east South Australia. However, A. wilhelmiana ranges from South Australia into Victoria and New South Wales. Also, A. abrupta and A. helmsiana occur in the Arid Zone of Western Australia and Northern Territory, with the latter species extending to South Australia. Distributions for the above species, except the three new ones, are shown in Maslin & Pedley (1982). Species of the "A. wilhelmiana group" are shrubs or small trees which share most or all of the following characters: (1) plants resinous and/or viscid to some degree; (2) phyllodes excentrically mucronulate, often incurved, longitudinal nerves distant and commonly obscure, lateral nerves 222 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) absent; (3) peduncles 1 or 2 per axil and often inserted on very short racemes (axes 1-5 mm long); (4) basal peduncular bracts solitary and persistent or (in A. abrupta and sometimes in A. ascendens and A. helmsiana) absent; (5) flower-heads globular or almost so; (6) flowers 5-merous (4-merous in A. barattensis)', (7) calyx gamosepalous (although deeply dissected in A. ascendens, A. helmsiana and A. menzelii)', (8) legumes usually firmly chartaceous; (9) seeds longitudinal. The "A. wilhelmiana group" is not readily accommodated in either Bentham’s (1864) or Pedley’s (1978) classifications of Acacia. This is because for phyllodinous species with globular flower-heads, these systems rely on the number of nerves per phyllode to ascribe species to either section Phyllodineae or Plurinerves. In the "A. wilhelmiana group" this is a variable character with the number of nerves varying from two to more than seven per phyllode, i.e. 2 nerves per phyllode; A. helmsiana 4 nerves per phyllode: A. abrupta, A. ascendens, A. brachypoda 3 to 7 nerves per phyllode: A. cowaniana 5 or more nerves per phyllode: A. wilhelmiana 5 or 7 nerves per phyllode: A. viscifolia 6 nerves per phyllode: A. menzelii 8 nerves per phyllode: A. barattensis This is but one of many examples that demonstrates the need to reassess the classification of Acacia subgenus Phyllodineae in order to produce a scheme which better reflects natural groupings of taxa. Key to species of "A. wilhelmiana group" 1 . At least some phy llodes 5 - 1 0 cm long 2. Flowers 4-merous; phyllodes compressed, obscurely 3-nerved per face (S.A.) A. barattensis 2. Flowers 5-merous 3. Peduncles glabrous; phyllodes terete, 4-nerved (W.A., N.T.) 4. Gland at base of phyllode 0-2 mm above the pulvinus; sepals united; legumes 2.5-3 mm wide (W.A., N.T.) A. abrupta 4. Gland absent from base of phyllode; sepals ± free; legumes 5 mm wide (W.A.) A. ascendens 3. Peduncles puberulous; phyllodes ± compressed, >4-nerved in all (including marginal nerves) 5. Peduncle indumentum not prominent, hairs white; some or all phyllodes >6.5 cm long, phyllodes longitudinally grooved on each face (S.A.) gracilifolia 5. Peduncle indumentum prominent, hairs light golden; few phyllodes to 6.5 cm long, the remainder shorter (S.A.) A. wilhelmiana (Flinders Range variant) 1. All phyllodes 1-5 cm long 6. Phyllodes flat (although often somewhat thick) B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 4 223 7. Phyllodes 2-nerved or more per face 8. Heads ± cream; peduncle indumentum obscure; phyllodes (2)3-5 cm long, 1-2.5 mm wide. (W.A.) A. cowaniana 8. Heads golden (S.A., Vic., N.S.W.) 9. Peduncles with a conspicuous, dense, light golden pubescence; phyllodes 1-3 cm long, 1-4(6) mm wide A. wilhelmiana 9. Peduncles glabrous; phyllodes 1.5-4 cm long, 0.5-1 mm wide A. menzelii 7. Phyllodes 1 -nerved per face 10. Peduncles 2-3 mm long; flowers 8 or 9 per head; phyllodes 2-5 cm long (W.A.) A. brachypoda 10. Peduncles 5-15 mm long; flowers 20-30 per head; phyllodes 0.5-2 cm long (W.A., N.T., S.A.) A. helmsiana 6. Phyllodes terete to sub-terete 11. Flowers 8 or 9 per head; peduncles 2-3 mm long; phyllode apices eglandulose (W.A., rare) A. brachypoda 1 1. Flowers >10 per head; peduncles usually >3 mm long 12. Flowering peduncles glabrous 13 Phyllodes 6-nerved, apices eglandulose; branchlet apices sparsely puberulous (S.A.) A. menzelii 13. Phyllodes (obscurely) 2- or 4-nerved, with a small gland adjacent to mucro (observe at xlO mag); branchlets glabrous 14. Phyllodes 0.5-2 cm long, 2-nerved, base eglandulose. (W.A., N.T., S.A.) A. helmsiana 14. Phyllodes 2-5 cm long, 4-nerved 15. Gland at base of phyllode 0-2 mm above the pulvinus; sepals united; legumes 2.5-3 mm wide (W.A., N.T.) A. abrupta 15. Gland absent from base of phyllode; sepals ± free; legumes 5 mm wide (W.A.) A. ascendens 12. Flowering peduncles and branchlet apices puberulous (indumentum sometimes minute, sparse and imbedded in resin) 16. Peduncles with a prominent, dense, light golden pubescence; branchlets commonly with prominent yellow ribs at extremities (S.A.,Vic., N.S.W.) A. wilhelmiana 16. Peduncles sparsely pubescent, hairs white and/or golden; branchlets not obviously ribbed (W.A.) A. viscifolia Taxonomy Acacia ascendens Maslin, sp. nov. 224 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Frutices glabri ad 2(3) m alti, apicibus vegetativis novis resinosis et leviter viscidis. Phyllodia teretia, 2-4 cm longa, 1 mm diametro, incurvata vel solum ad basem incurvata et abler recta, saepe truncata vel obliquo-truncata, excentrice mucronulata, inclinata ad ascenderts, viridia, 4-nervata, nervis brunneolis, leviter impressis viscidisque, exsudata saepe cristam angustam translucidam formanti; glande juxta mucronem. Pedunculi 5-14 mm longi, plerumque 1 vel 2 in racemis axillaribus vel terminalibus ad 5(10) mm longis dispositis; capitula globularia, dense 20-25-floribus, aurea, resinosa. Flores pentamcri, sepalis ad basem connatis. Legutnina (submatura) angusto-oblonga, ad 7 cm longa, 5 mm lata, plana, leviter undulata, resinosa. Semina (submatura) longitudinalia, oblongo-elliptica, arillo clavato. Typus: Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, Western Australia, 23 July 1989, B.R. Maslin 6382 (holo: PERTH; iso: AD, B, BM, BRI, CANB, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, PERTH, Z). Moderately dense, ± obconic shrubs to 1.5-2 m tall, sometimes 3 m, single-stemmed or several-branchcd at ground level. Bark mid-grey, smooth except furrowed at base of old stems. New shoots resinous, slightly viscid, pale green or light bronze. Branchlets terete, obscurely ribbed, glabrous, resinous and brown at extremities. Stipules semi-persistent, narrowly triangular, inconspicuous, c. 0.5 mm long, 0.1-0.2 mm wide, dark brown. Phyllodes ± terete, (1)2-4 cm long, a few to 6 cm long, c. 1 mm wide, inclined to ascending, erect when young, incurved or + straight but incurved at base, occasionally ± sigmoid, glabrous, green, stomata numerous (observe at xlO mag.); 4-nerved, nerves brownish and slightly impressed, resinous, the exudate commonly forming a narrow translucent ridge; apices often uncinate to subuncinate, excentricallly mucronulatc, often obliquely truncate; pulvinus obscure, < 0.5 mm long, ± smooth, yellow to pale orange. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllode adjacent to the mucro, circular, 0.3-0.4 mm diameter, base eglandulose. Inflorescences situated at ends of branchlets, comprising short terminal and/or axillary racemes or axillary peduncles. Terminal racemes growing out at anthesis, the peduncles subtended abaxially by a terete, acute prophyll which is c. 1 mm long and Banked by a pair of stipules. Axillary racemes to 5(10) mm long, 1- or 2-hcadcd, terminated by a vegetative bud which occasionally grows out during anthesis, base of raceme axis ebracteatc, the peduncles subtended abaxially by a minute persistent, triangular, brown bract c. 0.5 mm long or with prophyll and stipules as on terminal racemes. Peduncles 5-14 mm long, glabrous; basal peduncular bracts absent (w'hen inflorescences are non-racemose) or solitary (on axillary racemes) or replaced by a prophyll (on terminal and axillary racemes). Flower-heads globular, 12 mm diam. (fresh), 6 mm diam (dry), golden, resinous, densely 20-25-flowcrcd. Bracleoles ± spathulatc, 1 mm long, glabrous. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals united at base, narrowdy oblong to broadly spathulate, claws translucent, laminae yellow, + concave and slightly thickened abaxially. Petals 1.7 mm long, glabrous, very obscurely nerved. Legumes (slightly immature) narrowly oblong, to 7 cm long, 5 mm wide, straight, flat, slightly undulate, not reticulate, resinous, glabrous. Seeds (slightly immature) longitudinal in the legume, oblong-elliptic; areole open towards hilum;/uwc/e 12 mm long, expanded into a clavate aril. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, S.D. Hopper 6405, 6407, 6408-6412, 6414 (all PERTH) and A.S. Weston 14029 (BM, G, NT, PERTH), 14103 (AD, BRI, CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH), 14170 (PERTH), 14263 (PERTH, MO, NY), 14263 A (PERTH), 14546 (PERTH). Distribution. South-west Western Australia in the Avon Botanical District (1:250,000 map H50-12). Known only from the Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, about 70 km NE of Merredin. Habitat. Scree slopes of granitic breakaways in woodland or low scrub. Flowering and fruiting. Flowers June — September. Legumes with slightly immature seeds occur in early November. Affinities. On account of its short, terete, 4-nerved phyllodes with an apical gland and its overall inflorescence characters, A. ascendens is most closely related to the widespread southern Arid Zone B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 4 225 species A. abrupta. Both species are glabrous, resinous shrubs. Acacia abrupta is readily distinguished from the new species in the following ways: phyllode nerves lacking ridges of translucent, viscid material; gland present at base of phyllode as well as the apex; sepals united for c. 2/3 their length; legumes 2.5-3 mm wide, arcuate, biconvex, shallowly constricted between seeds, longitudinally reticulate. Conservation status. 2RC using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). The species is locally abundant in suitable habitats within the Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the characteristic phyllode orientation. Acacia brachypoda Maslin, sp. nov. Frutic.es densi leviter resinosi-aromatici ad 2 m alti. Ramuli glabri, nervis latis, lulcis vel viridibus. Phyllodia teretia ad plana, 2-5 cm longa, 1 mm lata, oblique truncata et excentrice mucronulata, viridia, glabra, obscure 4-ncrvata, 1-ncrvata ubi plana, pulvino minuto sed distincta, glandc obscura, circa 0.5 mm supra pulvinum, phyllodiorum apicibus eglandulosis. Pedunculi 2-3 mm longi, 2 in quoque axilla, aliquando in racemo ad 1 mm longo, appresso-puberuli, bractea basali lutea, capitulis globularibus, aureis, 8- vel 9-floribus. Flores pentameri, calycc gamoscpalo, petalis uninervalis. Legumina arcuata et undulata ad irregulariter circinnata vel non arcuata, ad 8 cm longa, 7-8 mm lata, tenuiter coriaceo-crustacea. Semina longitudinalia, oblonga ad oblongo-ovata, 4 mm longa, arillo crasso. Typus. 13.5 km N of Brookton on the road to Beverley, Western Australia, 26 May 1976, B.R. Maslin 4088 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, NY). Dense, round, slightly aromatic shrubs to 2 m tall, dividing near ground level into many spreading to erect stems. Bark fissured at base of old stems otherwise smooth and grey except upper branches which are often brownish. New shoots resinous, slightly viscid, pale green. Branchlels glabrous, terete except angled at extremities, roughened by raised stem-projections where phyllodes have fallen, marked with broad (0.3-0.4 mm wide) flat, shiny nerves, at branchlet apices the nerves green (drying yellow) and close together, with age turning brown, widely spaced and more prominent. Stipules caducous, triangular, minute, 0.3-0.5 mm long, thick. Phyllodes terete, sub-terete or flat, 2-5 cm long, 0.7-1 mm wide, finely longitudinally sulcate when dry, patent to inclined or ascending to erect, straight to shallowly incurved, slightly shiny, glabrous, green; 4-nerved, 1 -nerved per face when flat, nerves impressed and obscure, brownish when dry, sometimes overlaid by an irregular narrow ridge of translucent resin; apices not uncinate, obliquely truncate, ending in a very short, acute, excentric mucro; pulvinus very reduced, 0.2-0.5 mm long, narrower than phyllode width, yellowish. Gland not prominent, situated on a slight, rounded angle c. 0.5 mm above pulvinus, apices eglandulose. Inflorescence parts resinous, not viscid. Peduncles 2-3 mm long, 2 per node with a vegetative bud (enveloped by resin) arising from within their angle, sometimes inserted on an extremely short raceme to 1 mm long, antrorscly appressed puberulous, hairs while and partially or wholly enveloped by resin; basal peduncular bract solitary, persistent, triangular, c. 0.5 mm long, somewhat thickened, yellow. Flower-heads prolific, globular, resinous, mid-golden, 8- or 9-flowered. Bracteoles sub-sessile; laminae triangular-ovate, c. 0.5 mm long and the same across, resinous, slightly auriculate at base, sparsely appressed puberulous abaxially, hairs light golden. Flowers slightly resinous, 5-merous. Calyx c. half length of corolla, gamosepalous, turbinate, shortly divided into broadly triangular lobes; calyx tube ± obscurely 5-nerved, antrorsely appresscd-puberulous, hairs white on lower half, light golden on upper half. Petals c. 2.5 mm long, free, sparsely appressed-puberulous (hairs obscured by resin), midribs rather prominent. Legumes (mostly dehisced) to c. 8 cm long (expanded length), 7-8 mm wide, narrowly oblong, curved and/or undulate to irregularly circinnate, valves commonly irregularly coiled and twisted following dehiscence, not or scarcely constricted between seeds and somewhat raised over them, firmly chartaceous to thinly coriaceous-crustaceous, resinous, glabrous, mid-brown. Seeds (few seen) longitudinal in the legume, oblong to oblong-ovate, 4 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, compressed (1-1.5 mm thick), dark brown, moderately shiny, pleurogram obscure; areole elongated "U"-shaped, open 226 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) towards the hilum, 2-2.5 mm long, c. 0.8 mm wide, funic le filiform c. 1 mm long, expanded into a thick terminal yellow-brown (when dry) aril c. 2 mm long. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Darkin Swamp, J.S. Beard 8 1 30 (PERTH), RJ. Edmiston 2 (PERTH) and B.R. Maslin 6331 (PERTH); between Beverley and Brookton, B.R. Maslin 6342 (AD, BRI, CANB, CBG, G, K, MEL, MO, NSW, NY, PERTH, Z) Distribution. South-west Western Australia on the border of the Darling and Avon Botanical Districts (1:250,000 map 150-2). Known only from two populations between Brookton and the headwaters of the Darkin River. Habitat. Low-lying seasonal swampy areas on sandy clay or loam in Open Scrub (Darkin Swamp), or low sandy loam rises in Open Woodland adjacent to slightly saline flats (near Brookton). Flowering and fruiting period. Flowering commences in late May near Brookton but about a month later at Darkin Swamp. Because of the paucity of collections it is not known when flowering ends. Neither is it known when seed first matures, however, some legumes (a few with seeds remaining) can be found on the plants during at least May and June. Judging from the large quantity of dehisced legume valves on the ground under the plants, this species has a high fecundity. Affinities. The new species is readily distinguished from other members of the "A. wilhelmiana group" by its very short peduncles and few-flowered heads. Other characters useful in recognizing A. brachypoda include the following: branchlet nerves broad and Hat, phyllodes (obscurely) 4-nerved, pulvinus narrower than the width of phyllode, calyx turbinate and very shortly dissected, petals rather prominently 1 -nerved, legumes broad. Conservation status. 2V using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the characteristic short peduncles. Acacia cowaniana Maslin, sp. nov. Frutices vel arbores ad 5(8) m alta, ramulis glabris vel subglabris. Phyllodia linearia, attenuata versus basem, uncinata ad subuncinata et cxcentrice rostcllata, (2)3-5 cm longa, 1-2.5 mm lata, 1: w = 10-46, patens ad inclinata, leviter incurvata, plana nervis aliquibus apprcsso-puberula vel laminis omnino glabris, viridia, in quoque supcrficic obscure 3-7 nervata, glande basali. Racemi 2-3 mm longi, pcdunculis (1)2 in quoque axilla 5-7 mm longis, sparse ad parce appresso-puberulis; capitula globularia, crernea ad diluto-cilrina, 20-floribus. Flores pentameri; calycc gamosepalo. Legumina linearia, ad 8 cm longa, 4.5-6 mm lata, firme chartacea, leviter undulata, villosa vel pubcrula, maturitate pilis decrescentibus. Semina longitudinalia, oblongo-clliplica ad oblongo-ovata, c. 3.5 mm longa, interdum ad 5 mm longa, arillo clavato. Typus. Mount Caroline (eastern slopes), 21 km due SSW of Kcllcrbcrrin, Western Australia, 10 April 1986, B.R. Maslin 6015 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, NY). Shrubs or small trees to 5 m tall, occasionally to 8 m, dividing at or near ground level into a few main trunks. Bark grey, fibrous and longitudinally fissured on main trunks (at least at their bases), smooth and grey-red or reddish brown on upper branches. Branchlets terete, angled at extremities, obscurely ribbed, glabrous or sparsely antrorsely puberulous, hairs white or golden and mainly confined to the ribs, ribs commonly Hanked by an irregular, slightly raised line of yellowish sub-epidermal material (? resin) which is ± continuous at first but breaking into irregular tubercles with age. Stipules caducous, inconspicuous, triangular, c. 0.3 mm long. Phyllodes narrowly linear, narrowed at base, (2)3-5 cm long, 1-2.5 mm wide, l:w = 10-46, Hat, patent to inclined, mostly shallowly incurved, a few straight or shallowly sigmoid, resinous, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous, hairs white or golden and confined to some nerves, green; obscurely B.R. Maslin, Acacia Miscellany — 4 227 3-7-nerved per face, nerves distant, brownish and slighdy impressed when dry, uniformly obscure (scarsely visible when fresh) or 2 per face yellowish and more pronounced than the rest, lateral nerves absent; apices sub-uncinate, rounded or occasionally obliquely truncate, excentrically rostellatc; pulvinus c. 0.5 mm long, yellow or orange-brown and slighdy transversely rugose when dry. Gland situated on upper margin of phyllodc at distal end of pulvinus, circular or elliptic, c. 0.5 mm long, apices eglandulose. Racemes resinous, (l-)2-headcd; raceme axes 2-3 mm long, compressed, shallowly channelled above, sparsely apprcssed-puberulous, hairs white or golden, base ebracteate, terminated by a vegetative bud. Peduncles 5-7 mm long, sparsely to moderately appressed-puberulous, hairs white or pale golden and commonly enveloped in resin; basal peduncular bract persistent, triangular-ovate, c. 0.5 mm long, light brown. Flower-heads globular, cream to very pale lemon yellow, 10 mm diam. (fresh), 4.5-7 mm diam. (dry), 20-flowered, resinous. Bracteoles spathulatc, 1 mm long; claws linear, glabrous; laminae ± ovate, acute, indexed, slighdy thickened, sparsely appressed-puberulous. Flowers 5-merous, resinous. Calyx membranous, c. half length of corolla, gamoscpalous, variably dissected to c. half its length into oblong or triangular, sparsely appressed-puberulous lobes, calyx tube glabrous. Petals 1.5-2 mm long, joined for 1/2-2/3 their length, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous, obscurely 1-ncrved. Legumes linear, to 8 cm long, 4.5-6 mm wide, firmly chartaceous, ± straight to slightly curved, slightly undulate, rounded on opposite sides over alternate seeds, slightly resinous, light brown to mid-brown, villous or puberulous, hairs rather sparse with age. Seeds (few seen) longitudinal to longitudinally oblique in the legume, oblong-elliptic to oblong-ovate, mostly c. 3.5 mm long and 2 mm wide (perhaps slightly immature) but one measuring 5 mm long and 3 mm wide, tan, dull (small seeds) or sub-shiny (large seeds); pleurogram obscure; areole open towards the hilum, 1 mm long (small seeds) or 2 mm long (large seeds), 0.4-0.5 mm wide ;funicle filiform, c. 1 mm long, expanded rather abruptly into a clavatc, presumably white (commonly yellowish-brown when dry) aril extending c. 1/3 seed lengLh. Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Jilakin Rock, 2 May 1986, K.J. Atkins s.n. (PERTH); Mt Caroline, 15 May 1961, W.H. Butler s.n. (PERTH); Kellerberrin Hill, 2 July 1936, C.A. Gardner s.n. (PERTH); Mooranoppin Rock, C.A. Gardner 13887 (PERTH); Mt Caroline 5 April 1986, J. Kinnear s.n. (PERTH); Kellerberrin, September 1897, R.B. Leake , (PERTH); Jilakin Rock, 24 October 1959 and 10 August 1960, C.V. Malcolm s.n. (both PERTH); 8 km NE of Kellerberrin on "Shark Mouth" Rd, B.R. Maslin 589 (BRI, PERTH) and B.R. Maslin 589A (MEL, NSW, PERTH); Mt Caroline (eastern slope), B.R. Maslin 601 5A (PERTH). Distribution and habitat. South-west Western Australia in the Avon Botanical District (1:250,000 maps H50-15 and 150-03). Restricted to a few granite outcrops around Kellerberrin and Kulin. Besides the localities listed above, the species is also known from Nangeen Hill, south-east of Mt Caroline (B. Bromilow, pers. comm.). Flowering and fruiting period. Flowers April — July. Legumes (slightly immature) in October. Affinities. Related to the eastern Australian species A. wilhelmiana which is most readily distinguished by its flower heads goldencolourcd, peduncle indumentum denser and more conspicuous, phyllodes usually shorter (1-3 cm long, rarely a few to 6.5 cm), gland 1-2 mm above pulvinus and legumes 2-3 mm wide and glabrous. Conservation status. 3R using the criteria of Briggs & Leigh (1988). Etymology. Named in honour of Richard Cowan in recognition of his major contribution to botanical bibliography through co-authorship (with F. Stafleu) of "Taxonomic Literature II" and in appreciation of the enjoyable collaboration since 1987 on the study of Australian acacias. 228 Nuytsia Vol. 7, No. 2 (1990) Acknowledgements Richard Cowan is thanked for providing the Latin descriptions. Diana Corbyn and Barbara Jones are thanked for their competent technical assistance. The work was conducted at the Western Australian Herbarium under a grant provided through the Australian Biological Resources Study. References Bentham, G. (1864). "Flora Australiensis", vol. 2. (Lovell Reeve: London.) Briggs, J.D. & Leigh, J.H. (1988). "Rare or Threatened Australian Plants." Revised edn. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra.) Maslin, B.R. & Pedley, L. (1982). The distribution of Acacia (Lcguminosae: Mimosoideae) in Australia. Part 1. Species distribution maps. W. Austral. Herb. Research Notes 6: 1-128. Pedley, L. (1978). A revision of Acacia Mill, in Queensland. Auslrobaileya 1: 75-234. Nuytsia 7(2): 229 (1990) 229 Correction to ‘New taxa and notes on Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)’ by A.S. George, Nuytsia 6(3): 309-317 (1988) In the above paper a new variety of Banksia leptophylla was described. In a heading on p. 314, the spelling ‘var. mellitica’ was printed, but this was a typographical error and should have read ‘var. melletica’ . The latter spelling was used elsewhere in the paper (map caption, abstract). Article 75.2 of the "International Code of Botanical Nomenclature" allows for correction where orthographic variants appear in the original publication. The spelling 'Banksia leptophylla var. melletica’ is here designated as correct and the spelling ‘var. mellitica’, rejected. A.S. George, Bureau of Flora and Fauna, G.P.O. 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Text is not to be right-justified. Where manuscripts are compiled with software other than MS-WORD all headings and paragraphs are to be left -justified. Within a paragraph two spaces are required between sentences; after colons, semicolons, commas and dashes a single space is required. Where MS-WORD is used, text should be italicized or emboldened where appropriate. Original figures should not be lettered but instead accompanied by copies indicating lettering. Galley proofs will be forwarded to authors for checking. Twenty reprints of each paper will be provided to authors free of charge; no additional copies may be ordered. Style and layout should follow recent numbers of Nuytsia. Note particularly the following. Title. Should include the family name of genera or species treated. New taxa should be named if not numerous. The geographic area of study should be given. Abstract. The paragraph (or paragraphs) should be indented and commence with bibliographic information. New taxa, combinations and names should be listed. The major contents of the paper should be summarised but no additional material given. Key words indicating all ideas and topics covered by the paper must be included to facilitate computerised abstract searching. Headings. All headings should be in capitals and lower case, major headings being centred and minor ones left-justified. Keys. May be either indented (e.g. Nuytsia 5: 277) or bracketed (e.g. Nuytsia 5: 84). Indented keys involving more than nine levels of indentation should be avoided. Note that use of the MS-WORD style sheet (see above) considerably facilitates the layout of both indented and bracketed keys. Species treatments. Use of certain named paragraphs, or sets of paragraphs, for matter following the descriptions is encouraged. The desired sequence and examples of commonly used headings are shown below. Recommended headings which are italicised below, should be left-justified, followed by text on the same line. (1) Taxon name, synonymy (if any) and type details (for previously published taxa). (2) Latin (for new taxa - indented). (3) Typtts ; (for new taxa - not indented). (4) English description (indented). (5) Other specimens examined or Selected specimens examined, as appropriate, preferably including number of collections examined. (6) Distribution. (7) Habitat. (8) Flowering period. (9) Fruiting period. (10) Typification (discussion). (11) Affinities or Relationships. (12) Discussion or Comments or Notes. (13) Conservation status (14) Etymology. Synonymy. The desired formal is that used by P.G. Wilson, Nuytsia 4: 135-262. Standard abbreviations. It is suggested that where possible the following standards be adhered to. (1) Author abbreviations — Anon. (1980). Draft index of Author Abbreviations Compiled at the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kcw. (HMSO: London.) (2) Book titles in literature citations — Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1976-83). Taxonomic Literature. Edn 2. (I.A.P.T.: Utrecht.) (But with Capital initial letters.) — Green, J.W. (1985). Census of the Vascular Plants of Western Australia. Edn 2. Pp. 20-24. (Department of Agriculture: Perth.) (3) Journal titles in literature citations and reference lists — Lawrence, G.H.M. el al. (1968). "B-P-H (Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum)." — Green loc. cit. Figures. Numbers should follow a single sequence including maps. Structure of papers. Authors are encouraged to use the conventional structure of scientific papers when a complete study is being reported (e.g. a revision). A methods section should include the method of drawing up the descriptions from specimens, extent of search for types, and discussion of concepts for choice of taxonomic categories. A discussion section should be considered, which would include some or all of the following: a summary of the findings, emphasising the most significant; interpretation of the results in the light of other relevant work; statement of new problems which have arisen; advising of aspects which are to be followed up; suggestion of topics which others might usefully pursue; prediction and speculation. ♦ CONTENTS ♦ A new species of Trianthema (Aizoaceae) from the Kimberley region and a note on T. triquetra. By Volker Bittrich 117 Correction and further notes to ’Studies on the Australasian Asclepiadaceae. I. Brachystelma Simms in Australia’ By P.l. Forster 123 Taxonomy of Grevillea brachystylis species complex (Proteaceae). By GJ. Keighery - 125 Caesia viscida, a new species of Anthericaceae (Liliaceae s. lat.) from south-western Australia. By GJ. Keighery 133 Patersonia spirafolia (Iridaceae), a new species from south-western Australia. By GJ. Keighery 137 New species of Olearia (Asteraceae: Astereae) endemic to Western Australia. By N.S. Lander 141 Taxonomic Studies of Fimbristylis (Cyperaceae) in Northern Australia. By P.K. Latz 161 Acacia Miscellany 1 . Some oligoneurous species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves ) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 183 Acacia Miscellany 2. Species related to A. delloidea (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 201 Acacia Miscellany 3. Some new microneurous taxa of Western Australia related to A. multilineata (Leguminosae:Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin... 209 Acacia Miscellany 4. Three new Western Australian species with affinities to A. wilhelmiana (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae: Section Plurinerves) from Western Australia. By R.S. Cowan and B.R. Maslin 221 Correction to ’New taxa and notes on Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)’ by A.S. George, Nuytsia 6(3): 309-317 (1988) 229 Publication date of Nuytsia V olume 7 Number 1 229 ISSN 0085-4417