ALD any aha : BLEW pepe, crn ats Kali) ne ot ey mire el fl v Gta hal | a ath DH AEN HM ny ein Ne hae i} os) iS ah btt He ltit He 4 Mat 286; 12,39 Agkistrodon mokasen ...117, 16 DISCIVONUSH Ree 117, 16 Aelais, antiOpaeas.... «. 114, 11 Jaalbwmlssca soe foe eb ala THU PET Cia eee ce Dk Salil Agroperina dubitans....114, 19 lateritianean. soe se: 114, 19 JANCAOUIIENS LOM bS so on clog onee 114, 17 G=nleruimi sa ades ees ee 114, 17 SeniGulavarerysseeiee 114, 17 WEeatiA eottace e or 114, 17 WOTKCONONP Sn Son doe o 114, 17 Ua CU Aeros e 114, 17 VP SUUOMe cee one are ee 114, 17 AIXeSpPOnSas ewes 4 alae 119, 8 Alabama argillacea..... 114, 21 AI TUIS Ae eee ee eee ee 118, 33 INCANAR Re adam eee 118, 23 Alphal Ginerea..65. 2+) 113, 14 Alsophila pometaria..... 114, 24 AN ViGUIS's & Sessa oe cre ee sacks 118, 18 Alvpiaw lanetonic ss seers: 114, 16 octomaculata........ 114, 16 Amblycirtes wialis: 222. -. 114, 14 Amblycorypha oblongifolia. . 113, 48; 116, 14, 16, 18, 26, 27, 59 IAIMDNOSIAY ete ete aal 118, 28 Ambystoma microstomum... Pee eee oxoan's sain. wr 0.48 1D Pes: OD ACUI fre 5, 6 hee ore shes M5 8: EAL pOIe tm. ere lily 33 Amelanichier-s2-eshe0. 118, 24 canadensis. .115, 11; 118, 24 Ammeocoetes aepyptera...... Pp Se i hs a og TA eee 120, 8, 14 AUTEUS.. Seew ce. tor 120, 11 DIC OLOLAr eter cuter cre 129, 9 Zz POrewMasss ere. err 120, 9 CibATIUS ee tee te 120, 13 Concolor.:..5-...-2--a+- 120, 8 WDICOLOT: Gee eee eierine 120, 9 Ammophila arenaria..... 118, 4 breviligulata.* 25..4.-> 116, 10 Amphisbacnaie e-eece eee 129° @ stejnegeri: 2 :.cse-e 122, 1 Amphitornus coloradensis... Se eee oe 113, 13 Amydas mutica... .5- eee 117, 18 SPIMiteva.,.cu ....ceeier 4117, 18 Anabrus .simplex........ 113, 51 MACHIAIIS .-2 see 118, 50 Anagoga pulveraria..... 114, 26 ANAS TALDEIpeS:. sacle eee 119, 8 ANnASasarmicera. - eee 118, 18 Hm ASUS ect toss Sep 118, 18 Ancyloxypha numitor....114, 13 Anemmiuis) fiSKele s. eee 118, 19 Anisota rubicunda....... 114, 15 Anthemis cotula........ 118, 28 AnTHOCOLIS.-SD. ..2.255er 118, 26 Antrostomus vociferus yocit- TUS). ccisaenleeee ck 19 AG Apaecasia subaequaria..114, 26 Apamea nictitans americana. Apantesis parthenice.... Apateticus bracteatus....... oor: 11D Oe AS. plone 'G eynicus... 115, 6; 148) i 15 Aradus implanus........ 118, 19 TUS DRIB Steerer ts, 9 LODUSEUS- enor 115, 9s, 118, 19 Archibuteo lagopus sancti- FOMANNISEe ee eee Sate: Archilochus colubris....119, 17 AT CLia Calas -ce see cele cer 114, 16 ATELOcOnisa, SPDae ose 15, 24 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi..118, 5 Arcyptera gracilis...... 113, 20 limeata,. 2.251 - 116, 24, 25, 39 Ardea herodias herodias.119, 9 C¥PTISs ses cee 114, 10 atlantis. <-c2 cee eee 114, 10 eybele..2 Af eee 114, 10 Agyroploce bipartitana..114, 28 University of Michigan Arphia pseudonietana....... . 113, 20; 116; 1107 ay 40 sulphurea: 2252 n.s eee eee 116, 115. 12,7 SS yece: 28, 40, 63 xXanthoptera’ 2 ee eee . 116, 10, 11) 12, 17) 406s AfteDisia. .. 2.2.2 see eee 113, 10, 13,14 15, S5sn2b; . 44, 46; 118, 4 Asclepias incarnata..... 116, 14 SYTlACa- eee 116, 11; 118, 20 ASilUS “ipo ee ee 6 aStUtUS . 22h eee 121, 7 Cacopiloguss essere 12i, <6 leucopozen-_ es eee 121, 6 midas 7/05. aoc ee 121, 6 MitiGitacies see eee Nai platyceras......... PNG is, 90 Sericeus! =... per ee 121, 2, 6 Astragalinus tristis tristis.._ 1 2 te Ae TiS wal Atlanticus testaceus ........ Psi oo a 116, 18, 21, 67 Atrachelus cinereus...... 118, 8 Aulocara elliotti........ 113, 19 Aupheius impressicollis. .115, 21 Autographa bimaculata..114, 21 brassicae: seer eee ibe Real falcifera simplex....114, 21 MADDA: «see eee 114, 21 OW *\... eh ae nh AL precationis@... eee 114, 21 B Beolophus bicolor....... 133 Balsa «malanaee peer 114, 19 Banasa. dimidiataseaaseeeeee Pe > fac 115, 21; 11S, 15 Bapta isemiclardtans eee 114, 25 Barce annulipes......... 118, 24 Bartramia longicauda... Basilarchia archippus...114, 12 arthemis.\.. cee nee 114, 11 proserpinaas eee a est Bathymyzon bairdii...... 120, 9 Belostoma flumineum....... Peas 115, 202 S83 ee Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 3 Bembecia marginata....114, 28 Benacus griseus...... HSS. 38 Benzoin aestivale........... rat, IGS ie SS ee: Betula lutea. Aseise. 5 es 2. 118, 29 Bison bison bison.123, 21; 124, 1 Blarina brevicauda talpoides Blatella germanica......... Ls So 113, 10; 116, 28, 29 Blissus leucopterus......... 1 GHOSE EE hs 9 Ss. 20 Bomolocha deceptalis...114, 22 Bonasa umbellus umbellus. . MOS ER ab oj iatorevns DIS al Botaurus lentiginosus....119, 9 Branta canadensis canadensis Oe tic aerate eee 119, 9 Brenthis bellona........ 114, 10 MyNME Sy oes. eke 114, 10 Bubo virginianus virginianus Mey Sere 6 UR HES,” 5 Buenoa elegans.:....... 118, 38 ManrraritaGea. 2... . 118, 38 Burov fOwleri: =... 5.52.5. ae 4: Buteo borealis borealis. .119, 13 lineatus lineatus....119, 13 MlaiypLerus: ses eG ce - 119, 13 Butorides virescens virescens RIS he a ee 119, 9 Cc Cabera variolaria....... 114, 25 Cacoecia cerausivorana...114, 28 Caenurgia crassiuscula..114, 20 enechteasc sas ita seis 114, 20 Galkailey edentulas.. 2-2-1. 118, 4 Calamovilfa longifolia...... ages Gera GE tee I Saas = 27 Calidris leucophwa...... its seatal Calocalpe undulata...... 114, 24 Gamnula- pellucidas. os: =... Seo Sie Ose. Le: Ut, 1S. WOR 24.47. @ampaes . perlata-:2 sae. 114, 26 Camis Vatranse.s2s00 2-2. 123, 8 IVGHON:.. tose sa ee 123, 8 Cardinalis cardinalis cardin- alisas 7823345222385 119, 23 Carex. thiame See eee 116, 70 Caripeta divisata........ 114, 26 Carphophis amoena....... 18 Irae VELMIS? ooo eee Figs Carpinus caroliniana........ FALSE OM M15, 145° T1856; 23 Carpocoris: lynx.---) ee Ils, 5 HEMOUSs:.e. Se ee eee 115, 5 Carpodacus purpureus pur- DURES. Bem: 119, 21 Carterocephalus palaemon.. badd ee eee ae Lib eee ae: Caryehiinm .255 "53-02 Itoh, ils ee exiguum ..128, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 Horidanwm.. \:, 2.5 128, 6, 7 jJamaicensis........ 128, 6 mMexicanum...... 128, 6, 7 WES, seer re shoe taiks 128, 7 exilesa js: ZB iS Ae Se Ge 7 canadense...128, 4, 5, 6, 7 jamaicensis........ L285 40 MUMIA |... 2 ee 128, 4 nannodes...... 128, 4, 5, 6, 7 occidentahisss5s. 2.3 128, 4, 7 Sty Slums eee ee ee 128, 6, 7 Capsusmatene sss see 118, 28 Semiflavus!.......: 118, 28 GYRUS ayes ee 118, 28 Caspiomyvzon.. 2...) oe 130, 2) 5 Wieneris oe. eer 120, 5 Castor canadensis michigan- CNSIShaso ea ee 133, 20 Cathartes aura septentrion- Suet Re, oe 119, 12 Catocala antinympha....114, 20 DRISGIc) Nese e koa 114, 20 COCIENSET taco ce 114, 20 conteumpbens? 2 6c... 114, 20 DATLAtR A Te Stree e. 114, 20 MEClAs ee es See 114, 20 semirelictas -. 352 0-- - 114, 20 UUErOMlae we oe eels 114, 20 WMNUUSAs oo eee ee ae ee 114, 20 Catopyrrha coloraria....114, 26 Catorhintha mendica....115, 21 Celastrus scandens....... 118, 5 4 University of Michigan Celerio galli intermedia.114, 14 IthiVe lets mic og orca maroc 114, 14 Centurus carolinus...... 119, 16 Cephalanthus occidentalis... ....116, 26, 27; 118, 14, 27 Ceratocapsus modestus..118, 32 pumilus..... 115, 17; 118, 32 Ceratomia undulosa..... 114, 14 Cercyonis alope nephele..114, 9 Certhia familiaris americana sacl on eisysibaotese CER 119, 33 Cervus canadensis canaden- BIS Reacrscn caraeeeetaee: 123, 22 Ceryle alcyon alcyon....119, 15 @Centhophiluisse. .. cer Wk 733 Sra CiipeS mies cee 118, 52 latens. .116, 20, 21, 22, 68, 69 MORAG WUENAUISS 5 odo c ool ay nigricans..... 116, 21, 22, 69 SD tiie enero 1138, 52 C@habuaitay isiemata se cee 114, 18 Cheetura pelagica....... HOR ale Chamaedaphne.......... 116, 67 Charadrius semipalmatus. 119, 11 Chariesterus antennator.118, 17 Chelydra serpentina..... iA lzG. ake Chlamydatus associatus..... ee Oat 115, 19; 118, 33 SIS hens saan 119, 8 Chloealtis conspersa........ 113, 15, 16, 36; 116, 10, 12, 14, 17,-118, 1195 25, 38 @hicrochroay where ea hole fens 115, 5; 118, 12, 13 Chordeiles virginianus vir- einianuss sec. eee 119, 16 Ghortippuses asco scien IIS) 1k (EnueossanNs, “Hae ooauocdoc 113. 16; 18; 19 106. 4 als: DENS SEPA eis Chortophaga viridifasciata. . US e212 8) SUG, eel aT, 19, 25, 28, 41 Chrysemys marginata dorsal- een Nea cccee sc ile ale Chutapha periculosa v-brun- TAGUMN c's eerste @ essieerel 114, 19 Cimex calcaratus.115, 7; 118, 18 lectulaniusaeeeeeeeee 118, 26 Cingilia catenaria....... 114, 26 Circotettixts =e ee 113, 33 aZuneScenstemeneenee 113, 34 rabula.w). ssa 118, 33, 34 nigrafasciatus ....118, 33 undulatus eee 113, 33 Circus, hudsoninsseseeee 119; 12 Cirphis commoides...... 114, 18 phragmatidicola..... 114, 18 WUT pUNChae eee eee 114, 18 Citellus tridecemlineatus tri- decemlineatus ........ BS AGORS orc 123, 17; 124, 2 Cleora’ Tanvaniae eee 114, 26 Cnemidophorus sexlineatus.. PS are an bt ae 6 Cocceius pylades........ 114, 13 Coccobaphes sanguinareus.. ES a 0.0 < 118, 29 Coccyzus americanus ameri- canus......3 Soe 119, 15 erythrophthalmus ...119, 15 Coenonympha inornata.114, 5, 9 Coenus delius....115, 6; 118, 14 Colaptes auratus luteus. .119, 16 Colinus virginianus virginia- NUS Hoyo mee 119, 12 Collaria meilleuri....... 118, 26 oculatans eee eee 118, 26 Coluber constrictor constric- tor... See 1s aks = ata Colymbus auritus........ 119, 6 Compsothlypsis americana pu- Silla. c2s6e Ree 119, 26 Condylura cristata....... 123, 5 Conocephalus:. 3. see cielbsets brevipenniis) Geass sere 116, 12, 16, 18, 26, 27, 65, 66 fasciatus fasciatus...... 1138, 49, 50; 116, 12, 18, 25, 26, 2, G4eGoenoG nemoralis....116, 11, 18, 65 nigropleurus..... 116, 27, 67 saltans ....<. dT eek strictogenys..... A ess Diaphania hyalinata..... 114, Diapheromera femorata..... 9 9 27 11S) le Ga Oe eae 22, 31 Pa erase 115, 18; 118, 32 prevancheri..---s.-- 118, 32 Diasteria graphica...... 4 28 Dichromorpha viridis....... Rees itr ecd nae 116, 14, 18, 37 Dicy pus Arilis:. 2+. see 118, 31 faAMmeliClS.c. oo 118, 31 WESHIUIS She. a). cyeeeoe 115, 22 Didelphis virginiana virgin- TEN OF Ieee ia ero Oe G ards @ 123, 5 Diervilla lonicera........ 118, 6 Dirca palustris: +: eee ee in ail Dissosteira carolina......... #15, 235 116; 9, 10; 18 12, 145-07, 19) 24 25.328. 42 DIZOWMIAS Lhe seh ae ee 1271, 4, 5 NUGCABL) ce cisco Bee ee 121, 4 LrIstis eA Sa 121, 3,°4 Dolichonyx oryzivorus..119, 19 Doru aculeatum...... 116, 25, 29 Drepana areuatasecs. ee 114, 23 pikineatac.2< Sao ee 114, 23 Dryobates pubescens median- "DESPRE ok Oh Ses a ah PI als villosus villosus..... 119, 15 Dumetella carolinensis. .119, 32 Dystroma hersiliata..... 114, 24 E Ectropis crepuscularia. .114, Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta.... eT OF 117, 10 Ellipes minuta....116, 10, 24, Ellopia fiscellaria....... 114, Emblethis yicarius.......... Se eee DS ti ts; Empidonax flaviventris. .119, TMI eee eee 119, Virescens.......... |. 119, Encoptolophus costalis...... ees whines oe 113, 215 sordidus 2.00 essere Ae he 116, 10, 12, Wiese Ennomos magnarius..... 114, 26 sSubsignaris. 4.5 soe 114, 26 Enodia portlandia........ 114, 9 Entosphenus. .120, 3, 5, 6, 10, 11 appendix 2F-.en ese 2. 120, 3.°7) ieee AuVvidtiliss. se eee 120, 3 JADGNICUSa ee eee 12053; ot spadiceus! see... 120, 3, 6, 10 tridentatus.. eee 120, 10, 11 ciliatuss.. eee 120. 3, 6, 11 tridentatus.120), 3,6,10,13 wilderi. ....120, 115.425 125, 2 Epicnaptera americana..114, 23 Epipsilia littoralis....... 114, 17 Epizeuxis aemula........ 114, 22 luibricalise se) ase M45 22 Eptesicus fuscus ‘fuscus.. .128, 7 Equisetum..... 116, 24, 25, 39, 70 Erannis (tiligriaas eee 114, 26 Hrax interrupt oeeeeeee 121, 2 Erethizon dorsatum dorsatum A Bh ccs 123, 16 Ereunetes pusillus....... 1195 07 Erioptera armillaris...... 127, 2 graphi¢a.. +e eee 127, 2 indianensis........12%, 1, 2 Sparse... Se ae 127, 2 Eritettix tricarinatus....118, 12 Estigmene acraea....... 114, 16 prima ):. ...4.-eeeeeee 114, 16 Eubaphe aurantiaca brevicor- TG: ee (A eee a4, 5 ferruginosa....... 114, 15 Euchlaena johnsonaria..114, 27 Pectinariare cee eee 114, 27 Euclidia cuspidea....... 114, 20 Eudontomyzon......... 120, 2,5 dantordis. senate 120, 5, 13 Hudule mendicaeeoeeeeee 114, 25 Hulype hastatate..- ee 114, 25 Eupatorium purpureum..116, 14 Euphorbia corollata......... ...- 116, 115 TS ee Euphydryas phaeton..... 114, 10 Euphyes vestris......... 114, 14 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 7 Euphyia centrostrigaria.114, 25 Eupithecia miserulata...114, 25 Euplexia lucipara....... 114, 19 BATT eM aye Sass sae es seco aca « 114, 9 Euretagrotis peraltenta..114, 17 SULAMONES. chee ae ere 114, 17 Eurycea bislineata cirrigera. 5 NO nce a) ca eee ne TG, 25, 4 gutto-lineata......:.. 117, 4 TOMETCAN aera. .esees ee 117, 4 EKurycotis floridana...... 116, 31 Hurygaster alternatus...... : ER eT aS 5 4 1S 5) 12 Eurymus eurytheme amphi- MWS 8h.o-.cabiracss chtto Pam 114, 9 RINILSHIOn ee eee Ae 114, 9 piitlodicea ween. see. 114, 9 luteitinietas 2) 2.0.- 114, 9 Euschistus euschistoides.... 1CUCTACUIS Hs. tas, eee ee 118, 14 SOIVUS tieneer ates odes ee 115, 21 tristigmus....115, 5; 118, 14 Vem Olepritlsrns «are a 118, 10, 13 EKuthochtha galeator....118, 17 BTEXOaad etersa ees. ae a 114, 16 Everes comyntas........ 114, 13 Evergestis straminalis. ..114, F Haris eranditolias.-..<+. kd el Se 116, 22; 118, 6 Falco columbarius columbar- LIDS Eh aoe enage eRe Aa 119, 14 sparverius sparverius... BREE ci Ie csr Oe ee 119, 14 CNIS NGOULAT «,.:n.cs cc ola 123, 13 Meltiay herilis:....65.4..- 114, 16 Subsothicas a... --.06 114, 16 Venera bilisey) —snsee 114, 16 Feniseca tarquinius..... EE wale Fiber zibethicus zibethicus. . Bee tose Oe 128, 15; 124, 3 BPPARUMUS Salta eit tts 5s 118, 30 Deo mennicanan.. 44. JN ake, Be AMICON Ae sete ater: 118, 30 Fulvius imbecilis........ HIKh. Bal G Galgupha aterrima....'.. 118, 12 AULA. Eero eta 118, 12 nitiduloides. .115, 4; 118, 12 Gallinago delicata....... IWS ao) Gallinula galeata........ 119, 10 Garganus fusiformis ....118, 27 Garzaphia; tilizssease see 118, 22 Gastrophryne carolinensis. 117, 6 CangakeiiMinmnrern= «skeen 119, 7 CelastOCOnis.)..ses seme se 118, LAS [Oba bap ec PR cate 118, 11, 39 Geocoris bullatus bullatus... Pn ae 115; 10; 118; °21, 22 uliginosus limbatus..... Seca nds Seas 115, 10; 118, 21 UUM ETHOS. 35 Se pally 0: Geothlypis trichas trichas... Ochs ite nice 930 Gerniscse se... 6 eee 118, 34, 35 ANA CTIGS 8 eeeras 5 <> 118, 34 aresenticollisea eae 118, 35 buwenoi.-...: 115, 19; 118, 35 IMMENSE NEDIS) Bao aenies cae ids Cor 115, 19; 118, 11, 34 MEMS percep 115, 34, 3 rufoscutellatus.118, 8, 11,35 Glaucomys volans volans... oo PET SOT 123; 20; 124 9 Glaucopsyche hygdamus.114, 13 Gluphisia septentrionalis.114, 23 Gomphocerus clavatus...113, 17 Gonodontis duaria....... 114, 27 hypochrarian. sae oe 114, 26 Gonomyideaas .ooeoene ee Bi 2! PIAIORA EA og odacas cor 127, 4 bidentata.. . .........5. Wigs HIOMENIS sts cues osteo eesy- ii.) D Graptemys pseudogeographica pseudogeographica. 117,17 Graptolitha amanda..... 114, 18 georgii holocinerea. .114, 18 Grindelia squarrosa..118, 15, 55 Gryllotalpa hexadactyla..... Ro Eee S 116, 14, 24, 69 Gaisy UNISh 9 ei ea eatin tan aeta 116, 70 abbreviattisee eres 116, 74 8 University of Michigan ASSIMMIMIS ss sens ee ie erer 118, 34; 116, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 18, 19, 24, 26, 28, 69, 72 IMCEUOSUS ye sreelteereae Mineo 113, 55; 116, 72, 73 ner lectus... i 116, 72, 73 pennsylvanicus .......-- atl Meester 116, 72, 73, 74 scudderianus....116, 72, 73 H Habrosyne rectangulata.114, 23 SCLIPUAj-esctvacr seeders 114, 23 Hadronema picta........ 115, 22 ladroveLtix. | 4. osha 118, 29 Haematopis grataria....114, 24 Haemorrhagia diffinis...114, 14 STACIISH sees 114, 6, 14 Haliwetus leucocephalus leu- cocephalus........ 119, 14 Halisidota maculata..... 114, 15 HateicussClttilae se ciel 118, 31 intermediuss...-...- 118, 31 Hamamelis virginiana...116, 17 iiaploam COMnUSarrrart-leter 114, 16 Harmostes reflexulus....... Ade pi aa Ooi 115, 8; 118, 19 Hebrus burmeisteri..... 118, 36 Helranthus 2 een ae 113; 20; 35 Heliothis cbsoleta....... 114, 16 Hemidactylium scutatum.... BT oe ron nies yh Geel ere Hieodes= dorcaser onsite 114, 12 Epixanbhiens ripe 114, 12 elOidessnsceecyeee 114, 12 hypophlaeas ........ 114, 138 ieWeohoUboNnDIS|. 5 505.000 © 114, 12 THOC Mi Rise ates 114, 12 Heraeus plebejus........ 118, 21 Hesperotettix pratensis. .113, 35 Heterocampa manteo....i14, 22 Heterodon contortrix..... 117, 9 Hippiscus apiculatus. .113, 21, 23 Haldemaniieeees es. Iie 283 Hirundo erythrogastra...119, 24 RENIN Bs ois. 115, 4; 118, 8 bijugiss-. eee eee 115, 4, 21 Horcias dislocatus....... 118, 28 affinis..2..0% (ene 118, 28 Foniphoruss.---e eee AA ee 115, 15; 118, 28 higritay a+ eee 118, 28 Hyaloides vitripennis Hydrelia lucata......... 114, 25 Hydriomena coerulata...114, 24 Hydrometra martini..... 118, 34 ty drophiluseaseeeeeeee 118, 10 Hyla, cinerea. ee eee 117, 5 versicolor versicolor.117, 5 Hylocichla alicie alicie.119, 34 fuscescens fuscescens. MME So Sn Ait Oe oe 119, 34 futtata pallasiae. ene 119, 35 MUIStelina ss eee 119, 34 ustulata swainsoni..119, 35 Hymenarcys aequalis....115, 21 nervosa..... 115, 21; 118, 14 Hyperetis amicaria...... 114, 26 Hyphantria textor....... 114, 16 Hypeochlora alba. .118, 34, 35, 46 Hypogeocoris piceus..... 118, 21 Hypoprepia miniata..... 114, 15 Hyppa xylinoides........ 114, 19 I Ichthyomyzon...129, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 castaneus. oe sone 120, 8 concolors...e 120, 2, 4, 8, 9 LOSSONe soe . 120, 4; 125, 5 SDs. ccc gee 120, 9 unicolor <5 a3. ssa 120, 25°48 es ens (yee be 3: Icteria virens virens....119, 30 Leterus) Saliba eee 119, 20 SPULIUS s.r 119, 20 linacora malinaee sees 118, 33 Stalilee eee 115, 18; 118, 33 Impatiens biflorasusneeee 18, 29 Incisalia augustus....... 114, 12 niphon: see a Li (2 Boe he, DOHOS: ose seen 114, 6, 12 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 9 Inxiarchus crinitus..... 119, 17 Iridoprocne bicolor...... 119, 24 Ischnodemus falicus...... 115, 9 Ischnorrhynchus geminatus. OCs A ee 118, 20 Nsiameisaeliliaees cease. 114, 15 TStuneia amitariag.. a... - 114, 25 EnUNCAtATIC: vcs ss cme 114, 25 Itame brunneata........ 114, 26 J Jalysus spinosus........ 1S 19 Junco hyemalis hyemalis.... dB Sie ae eee 1 ae Junonia Goenial..-..---- 114, 11 K Kinosternon odoratum...117, 17 pennsylvanicum..... nt. 1 subrubrum subrubrum.. 5 Sane IERG ERATE Ge Li L Lampetra.120, 3, 7, 10, 14; 125, 2 Cibariaw \aw owe tee 120, 13 fluviatilis .120, 3, 7, 11, 12,13 lamotueniiis 4 120, 3, 8, 14 aasMmleaineitle Gon Goc 120, 11, 12 TMOWsT CONAN by orate aces 120, 11 TMT OTA ys dev shell arabes 120, 12 ON AVENE Geico a ero. - oA BW; 2. IRS TRS & SSVI Bos os Geom ee 120, 6 Ulery Ae ee ADS Gs tabs alk Lampracanthia anthracina.. 55 nthe Spelt Oe eee 118, 36 Lampropeltis getulus _hol- DROOKIv eres wre eae iris alah OUU EC EN Cie arte eer lee aia Lanivireo flavifrons..... 119, 24 solitarius solitarius.119, 25 Larus argentatus......... ith 7% delawarensis......... Wiha 7% philadelphiass.......- 119, 7 Lasionycteris noctivagans 123, 7 athyrus maritima........ 118, 4 Leersia oryzoides....... 116, 26 Leiolopisma laterale...... 117, 7 Leptocoris trivittatus..... 115, 8 Leptostyla clitorie...... 118, 23 Keptoy pha “mutica... os 4e. sarke eae ee 115, 11; 118, 22 Lepus americanus....... 123, 20 lethenteron.>. 220502 A BG Lethocerus americanus. .115, 20 SPN at tepetat rehatomrets 118, 11, 39 Leucania luteopallens...114, 18 Ligyrocoris diffusus Sylvestnistees nese. 115, 10 Limnoporus rufoscutellatus. . ENCES cei ct ee 115, 19 Mitaneutrias|.-ee eee. 1NB+ al borealissseen eee 106% abl Skinnerigasa.. 135 I), ali Lithacodia carneola..... 114, 20 Lithospermum egmelini...... F Reetok ss Res eas 116, 11; 118, 4 Lobophora montanata...114, Lopidea cesar — — @ = bo Go to bo oe 9 COntmuenissaceas co, 118, 32 inistabilises sie. 2. oe 115, 17 medias sede, 17, 18: 118.39 SDDS tame to lee 115, 18 Staphylesn peso. e oe 118, 32 Loxostege chortalis..... 114, 27 Lutra canadensis canadensis Sahen Penetskers tem nore ae Seales Lycaenopsis pseudargiolus.. MCE ese ee 114, 13 WWeGiae ess eee ae Pa 13 Mar eiMatas owen. ee 114, 13 nesilectace.. 7.6. ss. 114, 13 VAOlACCA RAE tee 4S 3 Lycomorpha pholus...... 114, 15 Lycophotia margaritosa..114, 17 SQUGla ee eh tree 114, 17 nigr EEA AL eer oa 114, 17 OCCUlltaRe css eee os 114, 17 yess DICrUCISs soe se 118, 20 Kalmilioeciccee te Ss 115, 9 angustomarginatus Siete lovers 55 9 Sse rechivatuseee asses 115, 2 tuTrcicussssaeee SSS) al al 10 University of Michigan Lygidea rubecula.......- 115, 15 obscura...115, 15; 118, 29 Lygris aivovathineaies |p .114, 24 testataze. ee ore 114, 24 Lygus campestris.115, 16; 118, 29 GAY 22): owt pee 118, 29 communis: 222] eee MSs. 29 dislocatuSerree eee 115, 15 CliSuSseeice te ee eee 115, 16 Hirticnluseeye ree 118, 30 inconspicuus........ 118, 29 TpaALHNSS aa ye 115; 16-198, 29 lineolaris. . . 2..c.ctx 115, 15 OMNBLVALUS: «5,27-seacrere LIS, .30 DADAMS 2.25). sere 118, 29 plagiatus....115, 16; 118, 29 DIALCN SIS -\-060 seiner ee HD ald ODLMEALIS: «:../- - sees Roc Petts i ra eeoe a ihe ek aay Stricilablis. seer 15, 15 duercalbaes. > eacees- ms, 3 TALUS oe eae 118, 29 ule See ae Bee Bs 118, 29 VANGUZEC Ws oo -ieeiee a Li. 6 Lynx canadensis: .c.5enkovs 14 TUMOTNS mise eer eee 123, 14 M Macaria granitata....... 114, 25 Malacosoma americana. .114, 23 Maria atinmis =e > ome 119, 8 Marmota monax monax...124, 2 TUTeSCenSey eee 123, 16 Mecostethus lineatus..... 118, 11 Megalocerza debilis..... 115, 13 Megalotomus quinquesnino- SUSei ks: 115; Ts 1s Melanerpes erythrocephalus. eR ee ee ae abe ale Melanoplus>po05¢202 116, 73 angustipennis ........-- 113, 40, 41; 116, 10, 11, 13, 18, 24, 25, 45, 52, 53, 55 bivitattus 113, 7, 20, 22, 37, 39, 42, 45, 46; 116, 12, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 56 femoratiis'. 2s. cee . 118, 46; 116, 17, 245 26556 blatchleyiteeeeeeeee M65" 52 borealis junius...... 113, 40 brumeri: -2:524-02 113, 36, 37 GONLUSUS: © hte ee eee 113, 44; 116, 5 12 aoe 54 conspersus....... 113, 6, 42 dawsonis aoe 113, 8, 37, 38 differentialis, --oeeeree ee . -116, 10, 16) 25; 26; 28,755 fasciatuss.2¢ 727 eee bat trae 11S, 39: 116s 08- 51 femur-rubrum femur-ru- brum.113, 39, 40; 116, 10, 12, 16, 17, 25, 28, 53 flavidus' <>.222 4 eee - ATS, 363 T16) 115 45.52) STACIISHeL eee 116, 16, 26, 49 infantalisess. lees TiS, 843. keeleri luridus::-:22254 118, 44; 196, 10; 2 eee 18; 19, 28; 5ike54 luridus: 2 3=5eeeee 116, 55 mexicanus atlanis...... ; 113, 7, 22. 37, 39, 40; 116.. 10; 105, da Se area eliGaaniee 18719, 24) 2b 78 52 ee 54, 55 occidentalis, 2): pape 113, 36 packardii. ..113, 8. 36, 41, 46 punctulatus punctulatus » EE eee 116, 56 VITIdipes .2.. 2.137 eee 116; 13, 17, U8) 19) 207 aie 49, 52 euryCercus.— sane 116, 50 Viridipes)..25 "eee 116, 50 walshii....116, 16, 17, 51, 52 Melanorhopala lurida....115, 11 Melospiza georgiana..... 119, 22 lincolni lincolni..... 119, 22 melodia melodia..... 119, 22 Menecles incertus.... 118, 10, 14 Mephitus, nigra: 22) epee PBR Alte Mergus serraton..--sseeee 119, 8 Merragata brunnea...... 118, 36 Occasional Papers of the Museum-of Zoology II Mesoleuca ruficillata....114, 25 Mesothea incertata...... 114, 24 Mesovelia mulsanti......... PRA caatetst. 2 115, 19; 118, 36 caps cee kiowa..113, 26, 27 Metanema inatomaria....114, 27 Metator perdalinum..... 118, 23 Metrobates hesperius....118, 35 Micracanthia humilis....118, 37 Microsynamma bohemanni... eee ee one ee RIGS - 38 Microtis ochrogaster...... 124, 3 pennsylvanicus pennsyl- VERON CIS aa tS See ee 123, 15 pinetorum scalopsoides.. BREN LE ora 123, 15 Microvelia americana....118, 35 DORGANISHAR Ss are oo 118, 35 DUCKOIS seer ee TiS, 36 LOMAS ee re oe WS, 35 MITISvaAMOeCMMNS.. 2.72. ok 155 22 dolobratus--.-s..... 118, 26 INStAaDUISie =. eee 115, 13 Miotiltasiwariace = 62S 119, 25 Molothrus ater ater..... 119, “i Mcrmidea lugens.115, 21; 118, Mus musculus musculus.... cchchaecnopate 13; 15; 1945-3 Mustela allegheniensis. ..123, 23 noveboracensis novebora- Gensiss. 1237 11, 233 1235 4 pennantii pennantii. .128, 11 WIS OneemMinkeesee = 5 te 123, 12 Myiochanes virens...... 119, 18 Myodochus serripes...... 118, 21 Myotis lucifugus lucifugus.. 5 NED Piya ae 123, 6 subulatus subulatus. .128, 6 N Nabissanminlatuse ss.scme- 118, 25 TOTALS Pe eee WS, 2 P18. atte 25 IMS CEEDELS ees eee Ils, 22 PRODINGINUS soe Tes ale roseipennis......... 118, 25 rufusculus. .115, 13; 118, 25 Sordidusssere eee 118, 25 subcoleoptratus ......... pgs Stet 115, 12; 118, 25 Nannus hiemalis hiemalis.119, 32 Nathalis iole......... MEA 35 Natrixicy.Glopionaee a. li eaieh erythrorasten.eas. s: 5 te fasciatacssas skeet ee Dike Thombiterac aa. eee ina ale: sipedon sipedon. .117, 12, 13 Necrophorusek: 2... ...-28 116, 68 Neides) muticus.. 2. 454s 115, 9 Nemobius abortivus.....113, 54 carolinus carolinus..... smoker vans NG 4 26.27 72 fasciatus fasciatus ..... 118, 53, 54; 116, 12, UES GR eee Tie aval palustris palustris...... RA, ans egbakon pe Bese MIG Gear SOGHUS EA ae 13, 54 Nemoria mimosaria...... 114, 24 Neoborus amcenus ameenus.. jo Ped 115, 16: 113, 30 Scutellanigng:. +22 = 118, 30 canadensise =... =. lis, 30 PAULINE ss, eee oe lik, 30 pUbeSceNnSsseee eee ee 11S, 30 Neoconocephalus ensiger.... ase 116, 12, 16, 18, 26, 60 nebrascensis....116, 18, 60 robustus crepitans...... 5 ee MOREE Bette HIG de ee Gil Neoitiglossa trilineata...1%5, 21 UiNGEhne Game 115, 6: 11S, 14 Nepa apiculata.......... Tis, 2 Nephelodes emmedonia..1!4, 18 Nepytia semiclusaria....il4, 26 Neurocolpus nubilus..... LISS 27 Nomotettix cristatus..116, 12, 52 eristabus...-.,- HIG) 35 32 Notolophus antiqua...... 1t4, 23 Notonecta borealis....... 118, 8 InsWlatase. M5222 Liss iEGORAta ee oe oe 1B hoy Mle Bi undulata....115, 20; 118, 37 Vaniapilis= =a see ae. LIST sk Notophthalmus viridescens meridionalis....... TU iep 83 Viridescensr-.: aan: M7 Nuttallornis borealis..... Ms az 12 University of Michigan Nycteris borealis borealis.123, 7 GiINGT CAs eso 123, 7; 124, 4 Nyctibora noctivaga..... 113, 10 Nymphaea advena....... 118, 34 Nymphula badiusalis..... 114, 27 Nysius angustatus........ 115, 9 Calitornicusm sce 115, 22 CTICH ees aoe 115, 9; 118, 20 TRUTHS ere eee tereee eee 115, 9 thy Wii..o Gathers eee 115, 9 Nyssay sylivaticaer seers 118, 7 0 Oceanomyzon wilsoni....120, 9 Odocoileus vVirginianus bore- BUNS Reset. ocr oregovence 123, 22 OMecanthuse eae crecrc-te 113, (55 NAISTICORNIS) cece 118, 55, 56; 116, 12, 16, 18, 2, 205 edi, 0 MU VCUISiystats ccaererotexee 116, 75 quadripunctatus ....... 118, 55, 56; 116, 12, 16, 18, 25, 26, 27, 74, 75 Oedancala dorsalis...... 118, 21 Oenéischryxus... joe 114, 5, 10 Ogdoconta cinereola..... 114, 20 OkkKelbergia........ 120, 3, 8, 14 Oncocnemis riparia...... 114, 18 Oncopeltus fasciatus. .118, 11, 19 Opeianobseumarrecasn. ee 118, 13 Oporonnis saelisey erect 119, 3 philadelphiaee. soc 119, 30 OM UNAR eic aee ieee ok: ph ale; PAM Me SOU ee 118, 6 Orchelimum concinnum..... ....113, 48, 49; 116, 26, 64 delicatiumir creer cee 116, 64 glaberrimum........ 116, 63 Pladiator Jace ee 113, 48, 49; 116, 10, 14, 16, 24, 26, 27, 63 NIGTIPECS” wets ware ele eats PG) de as 2b eG cieeos VUlgane aia. eee VIG, 21, 225 14, diss a8). 26, 62, 63, 64 Orectoderus obliquus....115, 17 Oropeza dorsaliss:-ee eee 127, 7 rogersi: 2: 2:c-eeree DP Att Orphulella pelidna....113, 14, 15 speciOsa: (2.2 4h acon nese Perey 8 Fam sic Wine Bir Orthzea ‘basaliseyeee eee 118, 22 Ortholomus longiceps...118, 20 Orthonema obstipata....114, 25 Orthotylus coagulatus..115, 18 flavosparsus.115, 18; 118, 33 fUMIatUSe eee 115, 18; 118, 33 Viridis. 124 eee 118, 33 Ostrya virginiana........ 118, 6 Otocoris alpestris praticola. . PPA Ae es 6 hoo c 119, 19 Otus..AsioaSsion=eeeeeeee 119, 14 Oxyechus vociferus...... 119, 11 P Pachysphinx modesta....114, 14 Paecilocapsus lineatus..118, 28 Palmacorixa gillettei....118, 39 Palthis) angzulalicaeseeeee 114, 22 Pamphila comma manitoba... J és dias ae eee 114, 13 Pandion haliaetus carolinen- SIS) ..0:cee Dee ee 119, 14 Papaipema cataphracta..114, 20 Papilio: slaticuss.. 4s eeenee 114, 8 polyxenes:, wie eee 114, 8 Papilo erythrophthalmus ery- throphthalmus ....119, 23 Paracalocoris adustus...118, 28 scrupeus bidens..... 118, 28 SCIUP CUS: eee 118, 28 Parallelia bistriaris rugineoides........ 114, 18 . 116, 10, 14, 20; 24, 25) 134 Parcoblatta pennsylvanica.. ~ L1G; 13, 21. 22) 2428530 Whlerianiay.. eee 116, 21, 30 VITZinica, ......2: eee » > LG; 113; 19 eee oe Paroxya clavuliger....... 118, 2 hooseri 25.03 ae eee . .116, 14, 25, 25, 48; 118, 2 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 13 Passerculus savanna savanna Wes Lata stersiahoe Bee ES | PAL Passerina cyanea....... iD), 2B Pelidna alpina sakhalina. 119, 11 Pentacora signoreti..... 115, 20 Penthestes atricapillus atri- Capillusmeer seco. 119, 33 Peribalis abbreviatus..... 115, 5 limbolarius..115, 5; 118, 13 Perigenes constrictus...118, 22 Perillus bioculatus...118, 11, 15 claudus.115, 6; 118,11, 15 CIECUMEIMGUUIS 45 ae i 115, 6 CRC OUTIS te renee a tee 115, 21 Peritrechus fraternus...115, 10 Peromyscus leucopus nove- boracensis. .128, 14; 124, 3 maniculatus bairdii..... oh eas era 128, 14; 124, 3 Petrochelidon lunifrons luni- fRONSS eek thio ee S24 REET OMNYZOMN = eae: ose h20S ee 4 americanus: =. .2.4- 120, 9, 10 appendix........ AZO 86;. 02 ASTOMIS pote 5. cathe ae 120, 10 DVRS ese acess ata 129, 12 CilvatuiSexeieciee eee 1205 dantondilptee i Aeon. 120, 2; 4 eprhexodons. soo. 4. 1A atal MiVAG USA ee oases ses 32 120, 10 IMATIMUSs ess TRADE Bee) SLi dOrSavusten. «02564 5 120, 9 MUTA CANS aca see 120, 9 WATE GA ar. cise o ap5 eerste 120, 2 DMUNUVeWS Aes ec er. 120, 12 Wide CTe ntsc orcieueysises 120, 2, 4 Phalacrocorax auritus auri- US Ae eke Snes meat 119, 8 Phalaencphana pyramusalis. SUE Co eee | 114, 22 Phasiane atrofasciata...114, 25 CLremlaraeereo tien eee 114, 26 EXCUTVAta cae mean: 114, 26 neptaria trifasciata..114, 25 Philobia aemulataria....114, 25 Philohelay minoryse <4: THA ak Phlegyas abbreviatus....118, 21 Phlibostroma quadrimaculat- AULD ar-sr cms ote an ter eater ae SS) 14 Phoetoliotes nebrascensis... 5044 ern See eee 118, 6, 46 Phyciodes nycteis....... 114, 10 tharos = se eee 114, 10 MANCIA ere 114, 10 morpheus. eee 114, 10 Phymata erosa fasciata yA ee 115, 12; 118, 24 WiOUN: Siti ct oases 118, 24 Physostegania pustularia... SR Aine iioms cae aerate 114, 25 Phytocoris conspurcatus. 118, 27 GIST Syensteee es cae 118, 27 INEUSCALIS Hee ee 118, 27 TACUMOSUStessee sere 115, 14 lasiomerus. .115, 14; 118, 8 Nerlecuuse ee eae 118, 27 Saliciss. aos. is, Ace 1195097 Pieris napi cruciferarum.114, 8 Olleracearss. 4. 44<: 114, 8 DROLOULCC Herat 114, 8 immaculata........ 114, 8 AACS te cee a a ey 114, 8 Picsma i Cinerean ss sce 118, 22 Pilophorus clavatus..... 115, 17 PINUSPStLODUSs 4 aoe 118, 5 Piranga erythromelas...119, 23 EIS ODia aD aint a SS 10 Plagiognathus albatus...118, 33 SULA CS ene ers ccs. < 115, 18 ODSCUGUS avaites <2... 115, 18 DOUMPUSAtae ce ae 118, 33 SPU ee eae he 115, 19 Planesticus migratorius mi- SHAtOPIUSe = 26.40 3. 119, 35 Plathypena scabra...... aS 22 Platybothrus brunneus...113, 18 Platytylellus circumcinctus. Beers hele gens cant, 115, 13 ANGUSTMISKS, teetek oa a 115, 14 MIS TIGOMIS Vals ee se 115, 14 Hoy Dba rhces Ca cr tues Bein 118, 27 Pileawstriolaas ase 118, 38 Plebius saepiolus........ 14, 13 Plestioden fasciatus...... A 7 14 University of Michigan Plusia aereoides......... 114, 21 Poa compressa........--- 116, 12 PLALEMSIS es ey seis 116, : 12 Poanes hobomok......... 114, 14 Podilymbus podiceps..... 119, 7 Podisus maculiventris....... Be oe een 118, 9, 11, 16 modestus....115, 21; 118, 16 Podops cinctipes........ 118, 13 Poecilocapsus lineatus..115, 15 Poeciloscytus basalis....118, 28 ne: Sph- Gtk: eee 118, 28 UMItASciallsS.. 4. sae. 115, 14 venaticus...115, 15; 118, 28 Polias adjuneta.. = =. s.-.5- 114, 18 DUC DUEISSabas- or 114, 18 TASTE LENA NB pene COG SOIC 114, 18 Polioptila czerulea cerulea.. Seni sige's ee ie ey! Polites) GCernéSs-s2. 004. - 114, 14 MIR ME Cho bin ene. nO tag O's 114, 14 ACM G6 ooo as opode 114, 14 Polygonia comma dryas. .114, 11 fAUNUSH. «ee ee sete 114, 11 LOSING meme srs 114, 11 SAV Gaeta oie ate 114, 11 Pocecetes gramineus gramin- GUSH RISE Sa shone eae 1 Aye 2a Populus deltoides 116, 10; 118, 4 Porzanuaycarolina-as...- = 119, 10 Potentilla anserina...... 118, 4 Proctacanthus brevipennis... RES SOR eines 11, 5 mystaceus.......-. 0 a TROND tenia Guha pa neers c 121, 1 Procyon lotor lotor......... Pee ee 123, 10; 124, 3 Progne subis subis...... 119, 24 Prolimacodes badia..... 114, 27 Promachuws Tutuissa-s-4-- Li, 2 Protenor belfragei.......... bss epke Sau loke 115, 6; 118, 18 Protonotaria citrea...... 119, 25 Prunus pumilar 71-1 118, 4 virginiana. 116, 21; 118, 5, 24 Psedera quinquefolia..... 118, 5 Pseudacris triseriata..... Bees) Pseudemys concinna..... aL hry alive elefwans’...: +o. fee eee AT, ely Pseudopomala bracyptera... 5 it ene 113, 12, 255936 Pseudothyatria cymatophoio- I0GS sich eee 114, 23 expultrixs. see 114, 23 Pseudotriton ruber ruber.11%, 4 Pseudoxenetus scutellatus.. Psinidia \fenestralisee oes ek ae 116, 11, 455258 Pieleastritolatas eee 118, 32 Pterophylla camellifolia ca- mellikoliap eee 116, 22, 59 Pyralisy sarin aice eee 114, 28 Pyrausta fodinalis...... 14, 27 TUNneDrist. —- eee 114, 27 ochosalis. je sneer 14, 27 Pyrrhia umbrajeeeeeee 114, 20 Q Quercus alba. -- sees 118, 6, 23 muhlenbergii..... LISS G ee velutina:.;34 5. soe 118, 5 Querquedula discors..... 119, § Quiscalus quiscula eneus... citi. et Tee M9; 20 R Rallus: elezansy sees eee 119, 9 Rana catesbeiana........ LIfe HS clamitans =e ell ifep aa) DAlUSsStriss. 4 eee 17, 6 sphenocephala....... 17, 6 Ranatra americana...118, 11, 38 kirkalldiyi eres 118, 38 Rattus norvegicus....... 193, 15 ratcus wach 123° 23 Reduvius personatus.118, 11, 24 Regulus calendula calendula. APS eee Bie 00: < 119, 34 Satrapa. satrapanseee 119, 34 Reighardina......... 120, 2, 4, 8 Renia flavipunctalis..... 114, 22 Reuteria irrorata.115, 18; 118, 33 Reuteroscopus ornatus..118, 33 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 15 Rhacognathus americanus... Bs dad eoe (oo pena TUS alabe ali Rhagovelia obesa....... 118, 36 Rheumatobates rileyi....118, 3 Rihniseelalbmam seers tts 118, 28 Sere aoa ae oe ce ae 118, 5 toxicodendron........ 11s, 4 Rhynocoris ventralis....115, 12 Rhytodolomia faceta...... 115, 5 Ribesmeynosbaitie sass 116, 21 EO aglay lp alelaleweceien oe 119, 24 TRU OWI SOR SO oy a Oe aeRO 11s, 5 Rudibeckia hirta........ 118, 20 Rumex verticillatus..... 116, 14 Rynchagrotis alternata..114, 17 anchocelioides....... 114, 17 i) Sabuledes lorata........ 114, 27 LNANSVETSALA Ss .2 ole 6 - 114, 27 Salda coriacea..115, 19; 118, 36 deplanata........... 115, 22 Saldula confluens....... 118, 36 interstitialis.115, 20; 118,37 WHOS secede 115, 22; 118, 36 ORbicilataeeie nae 118, 37 repertar seer sees 118, 37 Salsola kali tenuifolia....113, 7 Sambucus canadensis...116, 15 SDs sce fumia, eoeiee ee 118, 6 Satyrodes canthus........ 114, 9 Saumur sec ermunlse eer alee WIG. 4 265 36 Se ial. 28 Sayornis phoebe......... IG alee Scalopus aquaticus machri- TULSEs aro eens 12355; 124, 5 Sceloporus undulatus....117, 6 Scepsis fulvicollis....... 114, 15 Schistocerca alutacea aluta- CEA Ala. Veet 116, 25, 26, 46 rubiginosa. .116, 11, 17, 47 SSIIEN RICE mis Ga ca cite 116, 24, 48 pce 2 BE CORE RES 115, 5 Sciurus carolinensis leucotis. Aa to Rene fo Pal te 193, 18; 124, 2 hudsonicus loquax...... Mpa Se 123, 18; 124, niger rufiventers...... - ee aan oeuidt an 123, 19; 124, 2° Scoliopteryx libatrix....114, 21 Scolopocerusmence eases 115, 8 Scudderia curvicauda curvi- cauda.116, 12, 16, 17, 24, 26, 57 PUTGACa wen Calaels =. ssaerre MS Pare Go le WG6e dis.) Oe 24, 26, 28, 57 ~S bo DUST Atay see acess eta oes 118, 47; 116, 14, 16, 17, 24, 265 bit PSREMSISM Ee os eye cere ctusrene TUR, GO), Tal, Ge ey alr, AG 285 Sil SMES CroVCUNSine6 coogdoe 115, 4 Seiurus aurocapillus....119, 29 MNO UERCWUE 555 weaeane 119, 29 noveboracensis notabilis eRe oe ee nee 119, 29 noveboracensis....119, 29 SEMUS: ZICCUICE. coadoccbu~ 114, 19 Setophaga ruticilla..... Ts) gil Shaul, SHANE STENTING sooo ce THIS 3365 Sidema devastator...... 114, 19 Gillphass steals orem: 116, 68 Sinea diadema..115, 12; 118, 25 Sirthenia carinata........ 118, 8 SittajpicamadenSisn er scr 119, 33 carolinensis carolinensis MS Be 119, 33 Smerinthus cerisyi....114, 6, 14 jamaicensis geminatus.. he, oo MeO ee coye ae ea oge L: Smilacina racemosa...... 118, 5 Sela tate he. ooh ses cigs masucye 118, 5 Smilax hispida..116, 21; 118, 30 SDS aecies oe batons. aoe 11s, 5 Sorex personatus......... 123, 6 Spharagemon aequale. 118, 24, 25 bolli TGS VOR LAA TS, ASH LSS DAR 28 5 ton Oo 16 University of Michigan collare:,.. MISS 2 24, 25528 Gollares yocae.cas': 118, 25 wyomingianum ......... 113, 25: 16. Wo: 11, 122017, 18, 19, 24, 28, 44 Spargania magnoliata...114, 25 Sparganothis flavedana..114, 28 Spatula clypeatas--- eee 119, 8 Sphinx Chersisua-e ease 114, 14 Spherobius insignis..... 115, 10 Sphragisticus nebulosus.... Sots pastets 5 eS 22 Sphyrapicus varius varius.. ede re estan oth b- ol ck Ee AG Spizella passerina passerina. Lie pusilla “pusilla: . oe. - Hg 22 Stachiocnemus apicalis..115, 21 Staphylea trifolia....116, 15, 17 Stauroderus curtipennis.113, 17 Stenodema trispinosum..115, 13 vicinum..... 115, 13; 118, 26 Stenopelmatus fuscus...113, 51 Stenopoda culiciformis oP ppd obi han 118, 11, 24 Stenotus binotatus...... AAS. 627 Sterna iGaspia. =. 2-46. ae in GA ze PULTE Obes ee torep. eee Say, Stichopogon argentius....121, 1 Stirapleura decussata...113, 18 Stix Varia. VArias oes. se. 119, 14 Strongylocoris stygicus..... Bee ee 5 17, 10s. 2 stirymon calanus......-. 114, 12 LipAarops ss..e eee 114, 12 MOELNUS. 4 ie Aaa, CIbUSES eee EEL 114, 12 Sturnella magna magna.119, 20 Sylvilagus floridanus mearn- Silly bob bot 128, 21; 124 3 Synaptomys cooperi cooperi. SAS 123, 6: 124, 14 Synchlora aerata...:.--. 114, 24 Syneda adumbrata....... 114, 21 si Tamias striatus lysteri..... he SRR ee 123, 17; 124, 2 Tantilla coronata..2-ceer Lies Taxidea taxus taxuUs......... es 2 123, 13; 124, 4 Telea polyphemus...... 114, 15 Telmatodytes palustris palus- Lris...<27.3c cee 119, 33 Tenagogonus hesione....118, 8 Teratocoris discolor..... 118, 27 Terrapene carolina carolina. ic oie sh eldest ee hig ty Tetracis crocallata..... 114, 27 Tetrapleurodon..... 120, 3, 6, 10 Tetrix ODSCUTISE- Eee 116, 33 Tettigidea armata....116, 14, 34 lateralis parvipennis.... a ag MIG, 10s 14. ae 24: pennata-- ¢oe eee 116, 34 Teucholabis complexa....127, 5 immaculata ........ 127, 5 Thamnophis sauritus sauritus Gs tee 117, 14 Thanaos brizo...-eeeeeee 114, 13 icelus'. -.\s cee eee 114, 13 juvenalis'.; j4-eeeeeee 114, 13 Thyanta custator..--- eee ate 115, 21 2S ete punctiventris......... 115, 6 rTrugulosa-.. cone leeee 191, 5 fiebrigil..+..6 eee 19%, 5 minuta:. <0 bee oe 121, 5 Niger. : 225 ee ee 121, 5 pulcherrima..}....... 1 5 Toxostoma rufum....... 119, 32 Trachea mactatde. asses 114, 19 modica:.<.!.2.2 aeeaee 114, 19 Trichodesia albovittata..114, 24 Trichopepla semivittata.118, 13 Tridactylus apicaliss. ..ceeee besos tad 116, 10, 24, 70 Trigonotylus ruficornis...... Soa heck 115, 13; 118, 26 tarsalis:. .>.-2eeeee 115, 13 Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 13 Trimerotropis bruneri....... 2 SS OR ae 118, 28, 29 CIN Cha secretes cishesiensraes 113, 28 MPO ENO. Sao gc mene 113, 31 TMA TELIA ioc sepa se oieds st snsyone NICS 9s NOS 1d, 24, 45, 46: 118, 2 interior....116, 46; 118, 2 MAOMUUG Olde stele ae 113, 24, 28 Sallaarr ese sears ore 1B} Sal, Bee SORGIG aa eee iby By vinculata. .113, 29, 30, 31, 32 Tringa solitaria solitaria.... SEs SCE eee Ih wall Triphleps insidiosus..... 118, 26 tristicolor.115, 13; 118, 26 Triphosa affirmaria..... 114, 24 Troglodytes aedon aedon.119, 32 Avior. Mb sséscoudee 114, 15 Tropidosteptes cardinalis.118, 30 ryxviseeprevilCOrnnmisn as c Ta arate 116, 14, 25, 26, 36 Tyrannus tyrannus..... ID ate U Udeopsylla robusta...... 113, 53 Urocyon cinereoargentatus cinereoargentatus. .123, 9 Ursus americanus........ 123, 7 Wtetheisay bellaj=. 4.552. 114, 16 Vv Waccinitinme spp ose asses 118, 6 Wanlessa sallanitanes seni 114, 11 GA CUM pected here oc tes 100 Sel Wie HONEMIMNS. po osegce 114, 11 Vermivora celata celata.119, 26 ChrySopLeLanasek ae 119, 25 DELeLrinideeew eres: 119, 26 rubricapilla rubricapilla. LY ACsRA enters eee 119, 25 Vireosylva gilva gilva...119, 24 Virginia valeriae elegans 117,14 Vulpesttuliviciasercrs cece 123, 9 WwW Wilsonia canadensis canaden- SISa eee weitere DS Sti CitTina pee see eee IRA Bul pusilla, pusillas...s.- 119, 31 x Nanthiay NMteas sae «se 114, 19 Xanthorhoe designata...114, 24 fernusatacee cece 114, 24 IEVOMETENIO a5 an ooskede 114, 24 Xanthotype crocataria...114, 26 Menoborus pettiti........ 118, 3 Xylena curvimacula..... 114, 18 TUNUP SLA eee Fei 114, 18 Xylocoris cursitans...... 118, 26 Z Zalowminereay 4.25 21... 114, 21 Zamelodia ludoviciana...119, 23 Zanclognatha inconspicualis. Sie peabebaletal are stalls. chs les 5 114, 22 WAG Vie eae icy. s,0 114, 22 ac uMTaIS see s eoe, « 114, 22 heals ere ec tee se 14, 22 Zanthoxylum americanum... Mer Seera ee ate shor os cinch: 116, 15 Zapus hudsonius hudsonius. . steaalahexerateteusnay sist odd sh AB Ale Zegris olympia rosa....114, 5, 8 Zelus exsanguis......... 118, 24 SOCIIS Hayne Ped canto, 5) 115, 22 Zenaidura macroura carolin- CHSISh Se olan TH al Zeridoneus costalis...... 115, 10 Zonotrichia albicollis....119, 21 leucophrys leucophrys... PES eur RA oe eke 119, 211 NUMBER I13 JULY 1, 1922 OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN Arspor, MICHIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY NOTES ON THE ORTHOPTERA OF NORTH DAKOTA By THropore H. HuBBEL, During the summers of 1919 and 1920 field studies of the Orthoptera of North Dakota were made by Miss Ada Olson and the writer in a number of localities representative of some of the principal faunal conditions found in the state. This work was undertaken as a part of a biological survey of the state which is being carried on by the North Dakota Bio- logical Station in codperation with the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan, under the direction of Crystal Thompson, Curator of the Station Museum. It was made possible through the efforts and cooperation of Dr. R. T. Young, Director of the State Biological Station. Comparatively little has been known regarding the Orthop- tera of the state. Records from North Dakota are few and for the most part scattered, although in the adjacent regions of Minnesota, Manitoba, and Montana there has been a fair amount of investigation of this group. In the present paper 2 University of Michigan no attempt has been made to gather together these scattered records; this is in no sense a list of the Orthoptera of the state, but is intended merely as a contribution to the knowl- edge of its fauna. It makes no pretense to completeness ; indeed, another season’s work in the northeastern, southeast- ern, and western parts of the state, where it is most urgently needed, might easily add 15 or 20 species to the 78 here listed. With the addition of previously published records, the num- ber of species definitely known from the state must be in the neighborhood of 85 or go. The fact that the earlier authors seldom gave a more specific locality than “Dakota” makes the placing of many of their records difficult or impossible. All of the collections of the season of 1919 were made by Miss Olson with the assistance of Miss Thompson, those of 1920 in large part by the writer. A number of the specimens which have been included in this report were taken by other collectors, whose names are noted in the annotated list of species. In this paper there is recorded a total of 4,805 speci- mens from North Dakota and 39 from other localities, repre- senting a total of 78 species. The entire collection is pre- served in the Museum of Zoology of the University of Mich- igan, with the exception of a synoptic series deposited in the Biological Station at Devils Lake, and of a number of speci- mens of species determined by Rehn and Hebard, which are in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. The writer wishes here to acknowledge his indebtedness to Miss Crystal Thompson, under whose direction the work was carried on; to Dr. R. T. Young; and to Messrs. James A. G. Rehn, Morgan Hebard, and Dr. A. P. Morse, by whom a num- ber of species were determined and many of the author's deter- minations verified. Acknowledgments are also due in particular Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 3 to Mr. A. H. Eastgate, of Bottineau, and to Mr. Charles East- gate, County Agent of Slope County, whose hospitality and generosity in the matter of furnishing transportation and information concerning local conditions made possible a greater degree of success in the field work than would other- wise have been attained. NOTES ON THE MAjOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS In order that the environmental conditions governing the distribution of the Orthoptera within the state may be better appreciated, the following brief sketch of the physiographic conditions found within its boundaries is given. It is taken chiefly from the detailed reports of Simpson' and Leonard.* The surface of the state of North Dakota consists of three well-marked plains which rise successively from east to west by distinct escarpments, these being the Red River Valley, the Drift Prairie Plain, and the Great Plains Plateau. ‘The first two of these physiographic regions are placed by Fenneman* under the Western Lake Section of the Central Lowland Province; the westernmost and highest as a part of the Mis- sour! Plateau Section of the Great Plains Province. The Red River Valley occupies a comparatively narrow strip running north and south along the eastern edge of the state, with an elevation above sea-level of from 800 to 975 feet. It is bounded on the west by an escarpment 300 to 500 feet high, known in the northern part of the state as the Pembina Mountains, and in South Dakota as the Coteau des 1 Simpson, H. E., 1912, The Physiography of the Devils-Stump Lake Region, North Dakota. Sixth Biennial Report, State Geological Sur- -vey of North Dakota, pp. 103-157. 2 Leonard, A. G., 1908, The Geology of Southwestern North Dakota, . etc. Fifth Biennial Report, State Geological Survey of North Dakota, pp. 27-114. 3 Fenneman, N. M., 1916, Physiographic Divisions of the United “States. Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geogr., vi, pp. 19-98 (32, 61). 4 University of Michigan Prairies. This marks the eastern boundary of the Drift Prairie Plain, which has a general elevation of from 1,500 to 1,800 feet, rising gradually toward the west. It is bounded in that direction by an abrupt escarpment 600 to 700 feet high, mark- ing. the eastern boundary of the Great Plains, and known as the Coteau du Missouri; this runs from near the northwest corner of the state in a general southeasterly direction to the southern border. Within the boundaries of the broader por- tion of the Drift Prairie Plain are two minor physiographic features, the Mouse River Valley and the Turtle Mountains, which depart somewhat from the general character of this region. That entire portion of the state, constituting approx- imately half of its area, which lies to the southwest of the - Coteau du Missouri is occupied by the Missouri Plateau sec- tion of the Great Plains province. Its surface varies from 1,800 to considerably more than 2,700 feet elevation, increas- ing in height toward the southwest. Subordinate but striking topographic features are the valleys of the Missouri River and its tributaries, and the “Little Bad Lands” of the Little Missouri River near the western edge of the state. The humidity decreases as one goes from east to west across the state; the Red River Valley is comparatively moist, the Drift Prairie Plain semi-arid, and the Great Plains section an arid, semi-desert steppe. The vegetation corresponds rather closely to this change in humidity; in the eastern part of the state the streams and lakes are bordered by heavy forest, and the prairie is covered with a fairly thick and sometimes tall growth of grasses and other herbaceous plants; as one pro- ceeds westward the trees rapidly disappear, the vegetation becomes scantier and more stunted, and the characteristic plants of semi-desert regions, such as sage-brush and cacti, become more numerous. These changes are gradual, corre- Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 5 sponding to the gradual nature of the westward increase in aridity. There is as yet too little data available on the distribution of the Orthoptera within the state to make generalizations pos- sible, but this fauna will probably be found to resemble the flora in being characterized by comparative uniformity from north to south across the state, but by marked changes from east to west. Most of the species, in common with the vascu- lar plants,* could probably be placed in three broad categories according to their distribution in North Dakota—(1) gener- ally distributed, (2) eastern, and (3) western. Comparatively few could be designated as forms of northern or southern dis- tribution within the state. NOTES ON COLLECTING LOCALITIES Red River Valley—Only a small amount of collecting was done in this part of the state. A few days’ collecting in the fields and groves bordering the Bois-de-Sioux River at Fargo, and a few specimens from Grand Forks and Pembina give an altogether inadequate idea of the fauna of the valley. Drift Prairie Plain—A, Devils-Stump Lake Region (Devils Lake, Ramsey and Benson counties; Stump Lake, Nelson County; Sheyenne River, Eddy and Nelson counties ).—The region about Devils Lake is typical rolling drift prairie, but little dissected, with glacial lakes occupying many of the depressions. Devils Lake is the largest of these, with Stump Lake next in size; within a few miles are a considerable num- ber of small lakes and ponds. All of these lakes at a not far distant time occupied a much larger area than they do at present ; the rapid recession of the water in the lakes has left *Stevens, O. A., 1920, The Geographical Distribution of North Dakota Plants. Amer. Journ. Bot., vii, pp. 231-242, 1 fig. 6 University of Michigan large areas of mud and sand flats and stony beach exposed, which are among the striking features of the region. The neighborhood is largely under cultivation, and almost no areas of untouched prairie of any size remain. The only natural wooded areas occurring in this part of the state are found about the margins of the lakes and streams; these forests are largely of oak, mingled with elm, aspen, and other trees, and are of considerable extent, being from a quarter to one-half mile in depth in places around the margins of Devils and Stump lakes. There are, however, large numbers of planted groves everywhere on the prairies, usually of poplars or other swift-growing trees, which are probably exercising a consider- able influence on the fauna. From among the woods on the south side of Devils Lake there rises a dry, grassy elevation of considerable height, known as Sully’s Hill, where were found Melanoplus conspersus and Phoetaliotes nebrascensis, not taken elsewhere in the eastern part of the state. The cul- tivated fields, grassy prairie, exposed sandy and gravelly flats around the lakes, woodland, the grassy swales in the moist depressions and the marshes about the margins of the lakes and ponds constitute the principal Orthopteran habitats in this region, Although collections were made at a large number of localities in the vicinity of Devils Lake, in this paper no attempt has been made to mention them in detail; instead they have been grouped under the general name of Devils Lake. B. Turtle Mountains (Lake Upsilon, Rolette County ; Lake Metagoshe, Bottineau County).—The Turtle Mountains lie midway across the Canadian boundary, occupying portions of Rolette and Bottineau counties in North Dakota, and project- ing north into Manitoba; they have an area of from 600 to 800 square miles. They consist of a group of low, drift- covered hills forming a rough table-land, which rises abruptly Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 7 on all sides from the surrounding prairie; their surface lies from 400 to 800 feet above the plain, with a maximum eleva- tion of 2,860 feet. They are covered with forests of aspen, balsam poplar, oak, paper birch, and alder, in most places with dense undergrowth; most of the trees are small on account of the destructive fires which have swept this region in the past. Some farming is carried on, and grassy or shrubby clearings surround the farmhouses scattered through the hills; abandoned clearings are also found in different stages of rever- sion to natural conditions. The region is well watered and poorly drained; many of the valleys are occupied by small glacial lakes, bordered by marshes or by sandy or gravelly beaches, and in the moist depressions there are numerous meadows and swales of tall grass and herbage. C. Mouse River Valley (Bottineau, Bottineau County ).— The only collecting done in this area was at Bottineau, near the southwestern foot of the Turtle Mountains. The region is an old lake plain, almost unbelievably level and monotonous ; so far as vegetation and insect fauna are concerned it seems to be practically the same as the prairie in the vicinity of Devils Lake, Very little of the original prairie vegetation remains in this vicinity; most of the land is under cultivation, and much of the remainder is overrun with dense mats of Russian thistle.” During the summers of 1919 and 1920 crops in this vicinity were almost completely destroyed by plagues of grass- hoppers, and for some years previous they had been very troublesome. An examination of the fields in the neighbor- hood during both summers showed that Melanoplus me-vicanus atlanis, Melanoplus bivittatus and Camnula pellucida were the most abundant species in the swarms of grasshoppers which covered the plants and the ground beneath; other common &.Salsola kali L., var. tenuifolia G. F. W. Mey. 8 University of Michigan species which were present in numbers were Melanoplus infan- tilis, Melanoplus packardu, and Melanoplus dawsoni. Missouri Plateau Section of the Great Plains Province — A. Northern Portion (Buford and Williston, Williams County )—During the latter part of July, 1920, Miss Thompson and Miss Olson spent a few days in this vicinity. Collecting was done chiefly on the flats of the Missouri River Valley and on the slopes and crests of the bluffs overlooking them. Orthoptera were abundant in the cultivated fields and among the xerophytic vegetation along the bluffs, but there were comparatively few on the clay bottom lands. These localities are the only ones where any collecting was done in the north- western part of the state. B. Southwestern Portion (Medora, Billings County ; Ami- don, Slope County ).—Four general topographic types are rep- resented in this region: uplands, lowlands along the stream valleys, bad lands, and river terraces. The upland areas occupy most of the region; their surface is a rolling plain, the eleva- tion of which varies from 2,700 to nearly 3,200 feet above sea level. The surface of the plain is studded with high buttes, standing 400 to 600 feet above the level of the surrounding plain, and forming a conspicuous feature of the landscape. The upland is well drained, being covered with a network of small watercourses, the majority of them dry throughout the year ; lakes and ponds are of rare occurrence. The most prom- inent topographic feature of the region is the valley of the Little Missouri River and its bordering strip of Bad Lands. The river at Medora lies over 400 feet below the plains. Its valley at the bottom is one-half to one mile wide, and stretch- ing away on each side are broad terraces several miles in width, intermediate in height between the lower valley and the plains above. The Bad Lands border the valley on each Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 9 sidé, and between Medora and Amidon average 15 to 20 miles across. Medora is situated in the valley of the Little Missouri where the Northern Pacific Railroad crosses the river. The eleva- tion of the town is approximately 2,250 feet. Miss Thompson and Miss Olson spent a few days here during July and August, 1920. Orthoptera were found in abundance on the dry, sandy flood-plain and the arid clay and sand slopes of the buttes and terraces, among the rather scanty growth of sage-brush, clumps of grasses, low cacti, and other xerophytic vegetation found in these situations ; they were also abundant in cultivated fields on the terraces. Conditions at Amidon are more typical of the region as a whole. The town is situated on the uplands, near the edge of the Bad Lands bordering the big bend of the Little Mis- souri River, to the southeast of Medora. The uplands in general are covered with thick, tough sod, but the vegetation of short grasses and low herbaceous plants is scanty and during the ereater part of the season appears parched and brown. Rank growths of tall grasses and herbage are scarce, and are confined to small areas in the bottoms of the watercourses. The steep, sandy clay slopes in the Bad Lands are usually ‘nearly bare, but the Bad Lands as a whole are covered with vegetation. The summits of the ridges and the broader level areas are covered with scanty growths of grasses, cacti, etc., and along the “breaks” (where the upland drops away into Bad Lands) there are often quite dense patches of low shrub- bery and small groves or clumps of aspens. Some of the buttes rising above the plain support a growth of shrubs and small trees on their steep, rough slopes; the vegetation of their flat- topped summits is similar to that of the plain below. Near the “breaks” along the watercourses there are occasional scattered 10 University of Michigan groves of willows and aspens, but on the uplands themselves there is not a sign of tree or shrub to relieve the monotony. Much of the region is now being dry-farmed, and the areas of untouched upland are continually being encroached upon. All of the collecting in this region was done during the last week in August. Orthoptera were common on the upland areas, but somewhat less so among the Bad Lands. List OF SPECIES® BLATTIDAE Blattella germanica (Linneus).—Fargo, Sept. 2, 1920, 5 females. This species was common in one of the hotels. Nyctibora noctivaga Rehn.“—-Grand Forks, Grand Forks. County, Sept. 6, 1891 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male. Collected under a street light. Adventive. MANTIDAE Litaneutria skinneri Rehn?—Amidon, Aug. 24, 1920, I male ; Medora, July 31, 1920, I juvenile. The specimen from Amidon was taken in the edge of the Bad Lands, on a dry, sun-scorched hillside covered with a scanty growth of short grasses and other low plants. It was so colored as to be almost invisible when motionless on the ground among the brown grass tufts, and when it ran swiftly about among the low, scattered plants one could scarcely fol- low the shadow-like form with the eye. The nymph from Medora was taken in a similar situation on the side of a butte in the Bad Lands, among dry grasses and clumps of Artemisia. The specimens are both males. The adult from Amidon 6 All determinations and systematic notes in the following list are to be charged to the writer, unless otherwise noted. 7 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology VI has tegmina and wings abbreviate, and agrees well with Rehn’s description’ of skinneri, described from southern Arizona, and since reported from ‘Texas, New Mexico, California, Colo- rado, and Nebraska. However, as Caudell® has suggested, it is possible that males of other species of Litaneutria may sometimes be brachypterous, and that of L. borealis Scudder (described*® very briefly from Nebraska and also known from Colorado) is unknown, so that there is some doubt about the correct determination of these specimens. PHASMIDAE Diapheromera femorata (Say )—Grand Forks, Grand Forks County, summer 1892 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male. Taken on shrubbery growing on the bank of the Red River. ACRIDIDAE ACRYDIINAE Acrydium granulatum Kirby.—Stump Lake, July 24, 1929, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, Aug. 4, 1920, 2 juveniles; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 1 juvenile. A single female was taken at Stump Lake near the edge of a spring on a wet, mucky hillside among clumps of bushes and tall shrubbery; several nymphs were swept from the grassy borders of the small stream flowing away from the spring. Nymphs of several instars of this species were very common on the gravelly beach of Lake Upsilon, among the thin growth of grasses and low herbaceous plants, and espe- cially among the patches of moss which cover parts of the upper beach in places. At Fargo a single nymph was taken on a mass of dead, matted grass near the muddy margin of the Bois-de-Sioux River. 8 Proc. Acad, Nat. Sct. Phil., lix, 1907, pp. 26-28, fig. I. » Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, 1913, pp. 606-607. 10 Canad. Ent., xxviii, 1806, p. 200. ae University of Michigan Acrydium hancocki (Morse).—Lake Upsilon, Turtle Moun- tains, Aug. 4, 1920, I male. A single male was found in a small opening among the wil- lows and aspens growing along the upper margin of the beach of Lake Upsilon, on a patch of nearly bare earth scattered with dead leaves and twigs and with occasional small patches of moss. An hour’s search in the vicinity revealed no other specimens. TRYXALINAE Pseudopomala brachyptera (Scudder).—Medora, July 31, 1920, I juvenile male; Amidon, Aug. 25, 1920, I male. The immature male from Medora was taken among scanty vegetation on the flood-plain of the Little Missouri River. The Amidon specimen was beaten from a thicket of herbaceous plants and bushes (among which wild roses were conspicuous) forming a growth about four feet tall, in the head of a gully in the “breaks” of the Bad Lands. It was the only one found, in spite of a considerable amount of collecting in this vicinity. Acrolophitus hirtipes ( Say).—Buford, July 23, “x926; 4 males; Amidon, Aug. 25, 1920, I male. At Buford this species occurred in small numbers on a dry hillside among a scanty growth of xerophytic vegetation. The single specimen taken at Amidon was found on the edge of the Bad Lands among scattered clumps and patches of grass and sage-brush on the nearly bare, dry clay soil. When in flight it has considerable resemblance to Spharagemon collare, with which it was associated both at Buford and at Amidon. Eritettix tricarindtus (Thomas).—Devils Lake, Aug. 26, 1919, I juvenile male. A single nymph of this species was taken by Miss Olson on the dry, grassy slopes of Sully’s Hill. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 13. Amphitornus coloradus (Thomas).—Medora, July 30, 1920, 3 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 8 males, 5 females. At Medora this species was found among sparse, dry vege- tation on the sides of a clay butte. At Amidon it was fairly common on the upland plains among the characteristic vege- tation of dry grasses, clumps of Artemisia, etc. Specimens were taken on the top of Black Butte, on the plains at the base of Chalky or White Butte, among the “breaks’’ of the Bad Lands, and in pastures and fields near town. While quite numerous, on account of their great agility specimens were seldom taken except by sweeping, or in the case of the males by tracing them down by means of their stridulation. This consists of a series of rather slow notes—zzzzz—zzzzz —ZZ2Zz2zZ—zzzzz—tepeated at the rate of approximately three in two seconds. The sound is apparently produced as follows: during each separate note the closed femur and tibia make one complete movement across the tegmina from the highest to the lowest position which they occupy in stridulation, and back to the highest, but this is not accomplished in a single uniform motion. During this movement through a compara- tively large angle the leg is vibrated very rapidly back and. forth over a much smaller arc at the estimated rate of 15 to 20 vibrations per second. The resulting note 1s rather faint. Opeia obscura (Scudder).—Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 male, 2 juveniles; Medora, July 30-Aug. 3, 1920, 26 males, 12 females, 1 juvenile; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 23 males, 54. females. At Buford this species was scarce among dry grass and Artemisia patches on the sides of a barren hill; at Medora it was common in similar situations. In the vicinity of Amidon it was common and in places abundant on dry grassland; on the plains in the vicinity of town, on the slopes and summits 14 University of Michigan of the buttes, and on the patches of grass, Artemisia, Opuntia, etc., growing on the ridges and gentler slopes in the Bad Lands this species was one of those most constant in occurrence. Alpha cimerea (Bruner).—Medora, July 29-30, 1920, 19 males, 21 females. Found in considerable numbers on the dry, sparsely vege- tated flood-plain of the Little Missouri River, and on the slopes and river terraces above the inner valley. It was taken among clumps of dry grass and sage-brush. Phlibostroma quadrimaculatum (Thomas ).—Bismark, Bur- leigh Co., Aug. 9, 1885, 1 male, 1 female (collection Mich. Agr. Coll.) ; Buford, July 23, 1920, 25 males, 8 females, 1 juvenile male; Medora, July 30-Aug. 3, 1920, 20 males, 19 females, 3 juveniles; Amidon, Aug. 25-27, 1920, I male, 4 females. Common on the top and sides of a dry hill at Buford, among clumps of grass and sage-brush. At Medora it was common in similar situations, on the flood-plain and terraces. A single female was taken at Amidon on a dry, grassy hillside in the “breaks,” and three specimens in a dry pasture near the town; two of the latter were in copula. Orphulella pelidna (Burmeister) —Devils Lake, July 20- Aug. 16, 1920, 24 males, 8 females ; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 8 males, 9 females; Bottineau, Aug. 1, 1920, 1 female; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, I male. This species was fairly common throughout the eastern part of the state. It was taken in considerable numbers among the sparse vegetation of grasses, liquorice, and other plants on the dry sandy or stony fiats around the margins of Devils Lake and Stump Lake, and was also common in the short grass of dry pastures and the taller and denser grass of road- sides and waste fields in the vicinity. The single specimen Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 15 from Bottineau was swept from the tall grass and herbage filling a small, dry watercourse where it ran through a bare pasture. One male was taken at Fargo with O. speciosa in a low, moist area among clumps of tall grass and occasional sedges. O. pelidna makes a sharp, buzzing noise while in flight; the sound is short, a second or less in duration, and while distinct is not loud. It usually comes near the end of the flight, just before the insect dives into the grass. The species is very quick and agile, as well as being inconspicuously colored, which makes it rather hard to collect where it is not numerous. Orphulella speciosa (Scudder ).—Devils Lake, Aug. 7, 1920, 1 female; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 15 males, 10 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 male, 4 females; Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 9 males, 5 females; Medora, July 31, 1920, I male; Amidon, Aug. 24, 1920, 6 males. Common on sandy and loamy soils throughout the state. It was frequently taken in company with Orphulella pelidna in the eastern part of the state, but the latter species was not found in any of the western localities. In the Devils-Stump Lake region O. speciosa was common in dry fields and pas- tures, usually where the sandy or gravelly soil was rather sparsely covered with dry grass, with occasional clumps of such plants as goldenrod, Grindelia squarrosa, and Arte- misia. At Fargo it was taken in similar situations, and also with O. pelidna in a low, moist area of mucky soil, among clumps of tall grasses and sedges. In the western part of the state it was found among dry grasses and clumps of Artemisia in the valley of the Little Missouri at Medora, and on dry, sandy clay soil covered with low, sparse vegetation among the “breaks” of the Bad Lands at Amidon. Chloealtis conspersa Harris.—Devils Lake, July 18-28, 1920, 16 University of Michigan 4 males, 2 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 15, 1919, July 30-Aug. 4, 1920, 5 males, 5 females. This species was found only in the vicinity of areas of nat- ural woodland of some size. In the Devils-Stump Lake region it was rather common in brushy fields and along paths and roads through the woods and through patches of tall shrub- bery bordering them. In the Turtle Mountains specimens were taken in the grassy margins of groves of aspen and bal- sam poplar, among scattered clumps of beaked hazel, rasp- berry bushes, and other shrubbery. Others were found along the.edges of roads running through the woods and on the dry, gravelly beach of Lake Upsilon, near the edge of the willow- aspen thicket which bordered it. Chloealtis conspersa is probably common throughout the Red River Valley and the Drift Prairie Plain regions, along the streams and around the lakes where they are bordered with natural forest. Neither this nor any of the other species of Orthoptera typically associated with woodland conditions were found in any of the small groves planted around farms on the originally treeless prairie, but it is probable that in time the distribution of these forms will be considerably modi- fied by this artificial extension of forest habitats into the prairie region. Chortippus curtipennis (Harris) —Devils Lake, July 9, 1919, 1 male; July 18-Aug. 16, 1920, 26 males, 13 females; Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, 5 males, 4 females; Sheyenne River, Nelson Co., July 25, 1919, 1 male; Gravel Lake, Turtle Moun- tains, July 15, 1919, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 23 males, 29 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, II males, 6 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-26, 1920, 3 males, 2 females. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 17 This species was one of the most abundant and ubiquitous of the grass-land inhabiting forms found in the eastern part of the state. It occurred in both wet and dry situations on all types of soil. Though commonest in rather tall vegetation in moist places, it was found in considerable numbers among sparse growths of grass and other herbaceous plants on dry soil. It was abundant in the marshes around the lakes in the Devils Lake and Turtle Mountain regions. This species seemed to be somewhat less common in the western than in the eastern part of North Dakota; it was not found at Buford, Williston, or Medora, and was not common at Amidon. Gomphocerus clavatus Thomas.—Devils Lake, Aug. 7, 1919, 1 female; July 15-Aug. 7, 1920, 13 males, 23 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 8 males, 4 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 female; Buford, July 23, 1920, 4 males, 1 female; Williston, July 24, 1920, 4 males, 2 females ; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 2 males, 4 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 12 males, 23 females. This species was common in dry, grassy fields and pastures in the Devils-Stump Lake region; it probably occurs in simi- lar situations throughout the eastern part of the state, although for some reason none were taken in the Turtle Mountains, at Bottineau, or at Fargo. It was one of the commonest species in the more arid western portion of North Dakota, where it occurred abundantly on the dry, grassy uplands and on the grassy slopes and ridges in the Bad Lands. The males of this species are very agile and difficult to cap- ture, much more so than the larger and more clumsy females. - Their stridulation has been described by Rehn and Hebard** as “. . . -sik-sik-sik-sik—a sound louder but similar to that produced by Stauroderus [Chortippus] curtipennis.’ While 11 Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., \viii, 1906, p. 371. 18 University of Michigan the stridulation of a species is known to vary with changing conditions of temperature, humidity, etc., on none of the occa- sions on which notes were made on the stridulation of this species did it resemble that of Chortippus curtipennis. The closed caudal. femur and tibia are held at a rather high angle with the body and vibrated back and forth very rapidly through a small arc, the resultant sound being a buzzing trill, reminiscent of the notes of some species of Conocephalus ; some of the individuals observed prefaced each trill with a series of two to four brief clicks, still further increasing the resemblance. The notes of some of the specimens observed were approximately four seconds in length, separated by inter- vals of from three to six seconds; in other cases the notes were only one or two seconds long, separated by variable intervals up to five seconds in length. ‘The coloration of this species is nearly as variable as that of Chortippus curtipennis. Platybothrus brunneus (Thomas).—Amidon, Aug. 21, 1920, 2 males, 2 females. Four specimens were taken in the course of an hour’s col- lecting on the flat mesa top of Black Butte, south of Amidon, among the thin, very dry growth of grasses and other low herbaceous plants. It occurred in company with Ageneotetiix deorum, but was very much less common than that species. Stirapleura decussata Scudder.—Devils Lake, July 8, 1919, 1 female. A single specimen of this species was collected by Miss Olson. It was taken by sweeping the rather sparse growth — of grasses, liquorice, and other vegetation on the gravelly flats on the north shore of Devils Lake. In spite of careful col- lecting in the same vicinity for a period of several weeks the following season, no more specimens were found. Ageneotettix deorum (Scudder)—Devils Lake, Aug. 12, Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology Ig 1920, 1 male; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30, 1920, 1 female; Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 male, 2 females; Medora, July 30-31, 1920, 4 males, 1 female; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 13 males, 13 females. One specimen was taken in each of two localities in eastern North Dakota; in the west it was common at Buford and Medora, and very common in the vicinity of Amidon. In all cases this species was found among dry grasses, frequently where a considerable amount of bare soil was exposed among the scanty vegetation. At Amidon it was most numerous on the dry, grassy uplands, but also occurred among the xero- phytic vegetation on the barren slopes in the Bad Lands. It seemed to be more abundant in the late summer and fall than in the earlier part of the season. The fact that most of the collecting in the eastern part of the state was done in July may account for its apparent scarcity in that region; although no nymphs were found, it may possibly become more numer- ous in August and September. Ageneotettix deorum stridulates in somewhat the same man- ner as Chortippus curtipennis. Each series of notes consists usually of four or five rapid but distinct strokes, the whole occupying approximately one second; the periods of stridu- lation are separated by intervals of approximately the same length. It may be represented as follows: sik-sik-sik-sik — sik-sik-sik-sik———sik-sik-sik-sik Aulocara elliotti (Thomas).—Buford, July 23, 1920, I male; Amidon, Aug. 23-26, 1920, 2 females. The specimen taken at Buford was found in dry grass at the side of a road on the bluffs above the flood-plain. At Ami- don one female was found on the hard, sun-cracked clay margins of a small, shallow alkali lake on the uplands east _of town, among scattered tufts of grass and chenopodious 20 University of Michigan plants ; the other among short grass and occasional clumps of Artemisia in a dry upland pasture. It was one of the least common of the Acrididae in this region. Arcyptera gracilis Scudder—Lake Upsilon, Turtle Moun- tains, July 15, 1919, 1 male; Aug. 6, 1920, 10 males, 5 females. This species was fairly common in some of the low, moist meadows and grassy marshes bordering the ponds and occu- pying the depressions in the Turtle Mountains. Specimens were also taken in low fields in growths of tall herbaceous plants, such as goldenrod, fireweed, Helianthus, nettles, and others; in this rank herbage it was especially numerous, but very difficult to capture on account of its habit of dropping to the ground and burrowing into the thickest parts of the tangled mass of vegetation when alarmed. No females would have been taken had it not happened that a low meadow of tall grass was being cut for wild hay, and a large number of specimens of this and other species were crowded into the small patch of uncut grass, sedges, and cat-tails bordering a small pond in the center of the field. In the field the females present considerable superficial resemblance in actions and appearance to large, lubberly females of Melanopflus bivittatus, the light coloring of the dorsal margins of the closed tegmina adding to the likeness. OEDIPODIN AE Arphia pseudonietana (Thomas).—Devils Lake, Aug. 7-26, 1919, 3 males, 1 female; July 20-Aug. 13, 1920, 8 males, 2 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 8 males, 7 females; Bottineau, Aug. I, 1920, 1 male; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, I male; Medora, July 31-Aug. 3, 1920, 6 males, 2 juvenile females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 16 males, 7 females. This species was common throughout the state on dry grass- Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 21 Jand and sparsely vegetated soils during the latter part of the season, Chortophaga viridifasciata (DeGeer).—Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, 3 males, 1 female; Devils Lake, May 7-11, 1921 (N. A. Wood), 3 females. A few specimens were taken on the sparsely vegetated flats on the south shore of Stump Lake in the latter part of July, but by this date the species seemed for the most part to have disappeared. Mr. Wood found it common in similar situa- tions on the shores of Devils Lake in May, in company with Hippiscus apiculatus. Encoptolophus costalis (Scudder) .1?—Devils Lake, Aug. 26, 1919, I male, 1 female; July 22-Aug. 16, 1920, 22 males, 12 females, 3 juveniles; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 2 males, 8 females; Aug. 8, 1920, 2 males, 8 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 6 males, 4 females, 2 juveniles ; Bottineau, Aue. 1, 1920, 1 female; Sept. 12, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 female; Fargo, Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 6 males, 3 females; Medora, July 29, 1920, 2 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 16 males, 14 females, 2 juveniles. This species apparently matures in the eastern part of the state in the latter part of July. On July 22 nymphs were very abundant at Devils Lake, but the only adults seen were three teneral specimens; a week later adults were common, though many were still found in the teneral condition. The species was quite generally distributed in North Dakota on dry, sparsely vegetated soils; it was common in dry pastures, waste lands, and on the flats around the lake shores in the east, while in the southwest it was abundant on the uplands and on grassy slopes and ridges among the Bad Lands. One 12 Determined by J. A. G. Rehn. 22 University of Michigan specimen was attracted to a lighted sheet set up at night on the shore of Devils Lake near the edge of the woods. Camnula pellucida (Scudder )—Devils Lake, July 9-Aug. 26, 1919, 6 males, 4 females; July 15-Aug. 17, 1920, 58 males, 25 females ; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919, 1 male; July 24-25, 1920, 6 males; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., July 25, 1919, 1 female; Aug. 8, 1920, I male, 2 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Moun- tains, July 14-18, 1919, 12 males, 5 females ; July 30-Aug. 4, 1920, It males, 8 females ; Lake. Metagoshe, Turtle Mountains, July 16, 1910, 1 male; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 2 males; July 31-Aug. I, 1920, 3 males, 4 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 2 males, 1 female; Pembina, Pembina Co., July 12, 1921 (C. Thompson), 1 female; Buford, July 23, 1920, 11 males, 15 females; Williston, July 24-25, 1920, 3 males, 5 females; Medora, July 30-Aug. 3, 1920, 1 male, 6 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-27, 1920, 7 males, 2 females. This was one of the most abundant and generally distributed of the campestral species inhabiting the region. It was found in almost as many situations as Melanoplus mexicanus atlanis, and frequently in as great or greater abundance; but in com- mon with that species its normal habitat is dry grassland. In the grassy fields and pastures of the eastern part of the state it frequently outnumbered all other species. Observations made by Miss Olson in the vicinity of Bottineau show that Camnula pellucida ranked about third in abundance—and probably also in destructiveness—in the grain fields of that region. It was surpassed only by Melanoplus m. atlanis and Melanoplus bivittatus. In the western part of the state it seemed in general to be somewhat less abundant than in the east; it was common on the grassy uplands and on grass- covered slopes and tops of buttes in the Bad Lands. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 23 Hippiscus haldemanit (Scudder) .4*—Amidon, Aug. 23, 1920, i female; ? Aug. 25, 1920, 1 juvenile. A single female was taken on the grassy uplands near Ami- don. A nymph taken two days later is placed here merely because it resembles this species more than it does Meiator pardalinum, these being the only two species of this group which were found in the region. Hippiscus apiculatus (Harris) —Devils Lake, May 11-18, 1921 (N. A. Wood), 1 male, 1 female. Taken on the sparsely vegetated, sandy flats around the shore of Devils Lake. By the middle of July this species had entirely disappeared. Metator pardalinum (Saussure ).—Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 male, 4 females; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 2 females; Amidon, Aug. 22-28, 1920, 7 males, 3 females. At Buford this species was found among sage-brush and scattered xerophytic vegetation on dry hillsides, and in dry, grassy situations on the bluffs above the valley; at Medora it was taken in similar habitats. It was only moderately com- mon at Amidon, where it occurred on the grassy uplands, always where there was a considerable amount of bare soil exposed among the scanty vegetation. Dissosteira carolina (Linneus)—Devils Lake, Aug. 8-26, 1919, 3 females; July 19-Aug. 16, 1920, 14 males, 5 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919, 1 female; July 24-25, 1920, 4 males; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 3 males, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 8 males ; Bottineau, Sept. 12, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 female; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, I male; Buford, July 23, 1920, 8 males, 6 females; Williston, July 24, 1920, 18 males, 13 females; 13 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. 24 University of Michigan Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 3 males, 3 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-23, 1920, 2 females. Common along roads and in cultivated fields and sparsely vegetated areas throughout the state. Spharagemon aequale (Say).4*—Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 35 males, 17 females. Common on the grassy uplands in the vicinity of Amidon, but rather local in distribution. Specimens were taken around the sparsely vegetated rocky edges of the mesa top of Black Butte and in bare, dry pastures near the town. It seemed to frequent drier and more sparsely vegetated areas than those preferred by S. collare, and was much less generally distrib- uted than that species. In this region S. collare was frequently entirely absent from areas inhabited by S. aequale, and where the two species were found together the latter in most cases considerably outnumbered the former. Spharagemon collare (Scudder).—Devils Lake, Aug. 7-26, 1919, 3 females; July 19-Aug. 15, 1920, 33 males, 22 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 12 males, 3 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 15 males, 11 females; Bot- tineau, July 31-Aug. I, 1920, 9 males, 12 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, I male; Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 male; Medora, July 29-30, 1920, I male, 1 female; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 23 males, 17 females. Common throughout the state in dry, grassy fields and sim- ilar situations. In the Turtle Mountains it was common in brushy fields and pastures. At Amidon it was very common on the grassy uplands, but no specimens were taken in the Bad Lands. Trimerotropis monticola frequently occurs with 14 Determination verified by A. P. Morse and J. A. G. Rehn; accord- ing to the former, these specimens are “not typical.” Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 25 this species, and bears considerable resemblance to the form with the light pronotum; in the southwest S. collare is quite often found with S. aequale, though it seems to prefer less barren habitats than that species. A series of 60 specimens, representing all of the above local- ities, was sent for determination to Dr. A. P. Morse. All but three of these specimens were determined by him as Spharage- mon collare (Scudder); the remaining three specimens, two males from Devils Lake and one male from Bottineau, were named Spharagemon collaré wyomingianum (Thomas). A series of 35 specimens sent to Mr. J. A. G. Rehn was deter- mined by him as Spharagemon collare collare (Scudder). On examining the entire series of 167 specimens I was unable to separate them into racial groups, although great differences of size and amount of development of the pronotal crest are evident. A number of the males from the eastern part of the state are similar to Michigan specimens of S. c. wyomungianum determined by Rehn and Morse, but the females seem too robust for that race, with more rounded head and less prom- inent eyes. This eastern material may represent a transitional group of the species with average intermediate characters, although there is great individual variation shown. The west- ern material is much less variable, all of the specimens being typical collare, and averaging larger than the eastern material, though a number of the females from the eastern part of the state are fully as large as any of the western specimens. Derotmema haydenu haydeni (Thomas).—Buford, July 23, 1920, I male; Medora, July 29, 1920, 1 male, 1 female; Ami- don, Aug. 23, 1920, 11 males, 14 females. At Buford and Medora this species was taken among sparse vegetation on arid hillsides. At Amidon a rather numerous colony was discovered on the dry, sparsely vegetated margins 26 University of Michigan of a small alkali lake on the grassy upland near the town; here they were common on the alkali-crusted flats among scat- tered tufts of grass and other low plants. Both red and yel- low-winged forms occurred together in about equal numbers; of the 25 specimens captured, 15 have red and 10 yellow wings. The species was evidently local in occurrence in this region, as it was not found elsewhere in a week's collecting in the vicinity. Mestobregma kiowa (Thomas).."°—Devils Lake, July 8-15, 1919, 3 males, 1 female; July 19-Aug. 16, 1920, 22 males, 15 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 6 males, S females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 2 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 7 males, 3 females; Bottineau, July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 5 males, 10 females; Buford, July 23, 1920, 5 males, 5 females; Williston, July 24, 1920, 4 males, 1 female; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 155 males, 128 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-27, 1920, 27 males, 24 females. This species occurred throughout the state; it was extremely abundant on the western plains, but somewhat less numerous in the east. It was fairly common in grassy fields and pas- tures, roadsides, cultivated fields, and on the stony and sandy flats around the margins of the lakes in the Devils-Stump Lake region. On the western side of the state it was the most abundant of the bare-ground Oedipodinae in all of the locali- ties where collecting was done. Its favorite habitat appears to be the dry uplands, where a considerable amount of bare soil is exposed among the scanty vegetation of grasses and xerophytic plants. Great variability of color and color pattern exists in this 15 Determined by J. A. G. Rehn. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 27 species. The ground color of the majority of individuals is dull brownish or grayish, without conspicuous markings of any kind, but a number of individuals with variegated and more or less conspicuous color patterns may be found in any large series. On August 28 the following types were observed ina barren pasture near Amidon: (1) uniform brownish gray, with rather indistinct fuscous markings (a common type) ; (2) dark brownish fuscous, markings obscured; (3) brownish gray, metazona of pronotum light brick red, light yellowish stripes along the dorsal angulations of the closed tegmina, ground-color light, markings distinct; (4) same general pat- tern as last, but metazona of pronotum brownish fuscous, and tegminal stripes reddish brown; (5) ground-color uniform gray or brown, markings distinct, closed tegmina with the overlapping anal fields forming a conspicuous light stripe, sometimes divided at base by a median dark stripe; (6) light brownish gray ground-color, markings distinct, posterior edge of pronotum narrowly edged with yellowish white, tegminal stripes faintly indicated; (7) ground-color light green, dark markings very strongly defined; (8) ground-color light gray or yellowish white, dark markings faintly visible. These are only a few of the many variations found in Mestobregma kiowa, This would seem to be a promising form for investi- gation from the genetical standpoint, the principal objection being that it is probably only single-brooded. A single one of the entire series of 431 specimens has the wings slightly tinged with yellow near the base; this was the only individual among the thousands of specimens seen in the field in which any color was noticeable during flight. All of the other specimens have the wings either entirely hyaline or with very slight fuscous shadings, usually near the apex. 28 University of Michigan Trimerotropis cincta (Thomas).1°—Amidon, Aug. 24, 1920, I male. A single specimen of this species was taken in the road between a bare pasture and a wheat field on the uplands near Amidon. It is a swift flier, and was captured with difficulty. While in flight this species stridulates with a rapid buzz sim- ilar to that made by Chortophaga viridtfasciata or Encoptolo- phus costalis, Trimerotropis monticola Saussure.7—Devils Lake, July 19, 1920, I male; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 4, 1920, 5 males, 2 females; Bottineau, July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 15 males, 9 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 17 males, 8 females; Ft. Buford, Williams Co., 1883, 1 female (collection Mich. Agr. Coll.). This species was fairly common in the prairie and plains regions, in semi-arid situations. A single specimen was taken on the dry, grassy slopes of Sully’s Hill on the south shore of Devils Lake. It was common in dry, grassy fields and pastures in the vicinity of Bottineau, and specimens were taken in brushy clearings in the Turtle Mountains among tall, dry grass. In the eastern part of the state it seemed to be more local in occurrence and not so abundant as farther west. At Amidon it was found in dry upland pastures, on the rock- strewn slopes and the grassy mesa top of Black Butte, and among the scanty vegetation on ridges and slopes in the “breaks” of the Bad Lands. It is everywhere accompanied by Spharagemon collare, to the collared form of which T. monticola bears a striking superficial resemblance. Trimerotropis bruneri McNeill—Devils Lake, Aug. 11-17, 1920, 37 males, 37 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-26, 1920, 4 females. 16 Determination verified by J. A. G. Reha. 17 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 29: At Devils Lake this species was found in a restricted area on the flats bordering the lake at the Narrows, intermediate between the beach zone and the zone of tall herbage and low shrubbery on the upper part of the flats. In this area the vegetation was scanty and occurred in patches separated by nearly bare spaces of sandy or pebbly soil, in many places incrusted with a thin deposit of alkali; the conditions were distinctly xerophytic. This was the favorite habitat of Trimerotropis vinculata, which was found with 7. bruneri, though present in much greater numbers. In the southwest IT. brunert was taken on the sparsely vegetated, rocky edges of the mesa top of Black Butte, and in dry fields and pastures in the vicinity of Amidon. Though scarce, the conditions under which it was found make it probable that it is of gen- eral occurrence in this region. In the field this species has much the appearance of a miniature Hadrotettix. In flight it stridulates with a rapid, crackling noise; it may stridulate dur- ing the entire flight or for only a brief portion of it at the start or near the end. In this series of 78 specimens the following deviations from McNeill’s description’® can be noted: Pronotwm with crest of prozona in nearly all specimens slightly or distinctly bilobed ; no distinct light markings on lateral lobes in majority of specimens ; posterior angle of metazona varying from slightly more to slightly less than a right angle. Tegmina with the basal band always distinct, solid; the area between the base of the tegmen and the basal band varies from light reddish brown, with the basal band standing out prominently as a narrow, dark bar at the basal third, to dark fuscous, fusing with the basal band to form a broad infuscation of the entire basal third of the tegmen; median band in most cases solid 18 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxiii, 1901, pp. 423-425. 30 University of Michigan and distinct, but in a few specimens reduced to a faint trans- verse shading and in others to an aggregation of fuscous spots ; in several of the most intensively colored specimens a faint but easily distinguishable apical band present, but this is rep- resented in most cases by scattered fuscous punctations. Wings with the wing-band varying in breadth from one-quarter to one-third the length of the wing from base to apex; taenia of the wing-band reaching from one-third to one-half the distance to the base. Hind femora yellow within, with a red- dish suffusion strongest basally; the inner surface crossed by a distinct distal black band, a continuation of that on the outer face, but the two proximal bands described by McNeill represented in most of the specimens by a diffused infuscation of the basal half, strongest distally ; the outer face crossed by a distinct subapical band, often with an infuscation extending from it proximad; a few specimens with indications of a sec- ond, median band on the upper surface and upper half of the pagina. Trimerotropis vinculata Scudder ?—Devils Lake, Aug. 8, 1919, I male, 1 female; July 20-Aug. 17, 1920, 62 males, 56 females, 2 juveniles; Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, 6 males, 9 females; Williston, July 24, 1920, 3 males, 5 females; Ami- don, Aug. 23, 1920, 9 males, 7 females. This species was found in great abundance on the dry flats bordering the lakes in the Devils-Stump Lake region. It was most numerous among the sparse vegetation of the middle flats, between the bare sandy or gravelly beach and the taller vegetation of the upper portion of the flats. Though most common in this type of habitat, it was also found in smaller numbers in dry pastures in the vicinity of the lakes, especially in the areas of more scanty vegetation. At Williston a num- ber of specimens were collected on dry clay slopes sparsely Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology ai covered with xerophytic vegetation, and the Amidon speci- mens were all taken on the nearly bare clay flats around the margins of a small, shallow alkali lake on the uplands near the town, with the exception of a single male which was taken on a bare area of sun-baked clay soil in a dry upland pasture. Trimerotropis vinculata evidently matures soon after the middle of July in the eastern part of the state, since many of the specimens taken between the 20th and the 25th of that month were in a teneral condition, and since many last stage nymphs were still present at that time. In this region this species is not very active nor a very swift flier; it seems to rely largely on its inconspicuous coloration for protection, and is rather hard ‘to flush. When an individual is alarmed it starts up with a peculiar butterfly-like fluttering, which soon steadies into a direct, slightly undulating flight. They are usually silent in the air, but on a number of occasions their stridulation was heard; it reminds one somewhat of that of Trimerotropis huroniana in certain respects. The sound is a short buzz, repeated at brief intervals during the flight ; ina flight of ten feet an individual may stridulate two or three times. Att every repetition it appears to fall a little, recovering during the intervals of silence. The end of the flight is usu- ally abrupt, the insect dropping suddenly to the ground in a way that is often bewildering. What this form should be called is not clear. With regard to material determined as Trimerotropis salina McNeill by the author which was sent to Mr. J. A. G. Rehn for verifica- tion, he wrote as follows: “Regarding Trimerotropis salina— I wish we knew more about it. We have topotypes which came in the Bruner Collection, but the types are gone, like all the McNeill types, destroyed during a lengthy illness of his. . . . What salina will prove to be remains to be seen. 32 University of Michigan Width of wing-band per se is a dangerous feature in this genus. Salina may be distinct, it may be a geographic race of vinculata, or it may be valueless. I have been very con- servative with regard to uncertain forms of this type, and used vinculata until I know more definitely about the status. of salina.’ Later the specimens were returned with the fol- lowing notes: “Trimerotropis vinculata group. Apparently two species, but at this writing (July, 1921) do not care to apply names, as it is too hazardous before intensive study.” The specimens agree fairly well with McNeill’s descriptions of salina, and are superficially very different in appearance from typical vinculata by reason of the very broad and heavy wing-band. Trimerotropis sordida E. M. Walker.°?—Stump Lake, Nel- son Co., July 24, 1920, 1 male. This specimen was included with a lot of the preceding species which was taken on the gravelly beach of Stump Lake, among occasional clumps of grass and other herbaceous plants, and in an area about 100 yards from the shore, on sandy soil covered with a thin growth of short, dry grass. Aerochoreutes carlinianus carlinianus (Thomas ).—Buford, July 23, 1920, 11 males, 5 females ; Williston, July 24, 1920, 1 female; Amidon, Aug. 23-28, 1920, 10 males, 3 females. Common along the roads and in bare fields near Buford. At Williston one specimen was taken on a sparsely vegetated clay hillside. In the southwestern part of the state it was common on the sparsely vegetated clay flats around the mar- gins of a small alkali lake on the uplands near Amidon, on” nearly bare clay slopes among the “breaks” of the Bad Lands, 19 Determined with some doubt by J. A. G. Rehn. Regarding it he writes: “I have never recognized this species before, and the specimen may not be it. As the condition is teneral, certain discrepancies from the description may thus be accounted for.” Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 33 and in dry, grassy pastures where there were considerable areas of bare soil exposed. Although fairly common in this vicinity, it was much less numerous and more local in occur- rence than Circotettix rabula, with which it was usually found in company. A. carlinianus stridulates on the wing in a somewhat similar manner to the species of Circotettix. The sound produced is a loud, whirring noise, very different and very much less start- ling than the crackling of its companion C. rabula, While the sound is being produced the insects will hover in the air, often practically motionless, or moving slowly along, and rising and falling gently. They sometimes remain in the air stridulating for periods of a minute or more. This species is extremely alert and wary on bright, sunny days, but specimens are rather easily captured in cloudy weather. Circotettix rabula Rehn and Hebard (showing tendencies toward race nigrafasciatus Beamer ).*°—Medora, July 30-Aug. 3, 1920, 4 males, 9 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-25, 1920, 14 males, 10 females. This species was common in the southwestern part of North Dakota wherever exposures of bare, dry soil were found. It was common in the more sparsely vegetated areas on the dry, grassy uplands, in company with Aerochoreutes carlinianus, but more numerous than that species. In the region about Amidon it was found in large numbers on the rocky slopes and top of Black Butte and on the nearly bare clay slopes in the ‘breaks’ of the Bad Lands. This species was by far the noisiest grasshopper found in the state, its loud, crackling stridulation being audible for a quarter of a mile or more on a still day. 20 Circottettix rabula Rehn and Hebard (= Cicotettix undulatus of most authors). 34 University of Michigan Circotettix agurescens (Bruner).—Medora, July 30, 1920, 2 females; Amidon, Aug. 24-25, 1920, 27 males, 8 females. Taken only in the valley of the Little Missouri River and its bordering Bad Lands in the southwestern part of the state. It was found on bare clay slopes among the Bad Lands, and was taken on a dry butte covered with a scattered growth of bunch-grasses and sage-brush in the river valley at Medora. It is apparently a much more characteristically xerophilous form ‘than either A. carlinianus or C. rabula. The coloration of this species is light, corresponding in a remarkable way with that of the whitish or grayish clay sur- faces upon which it is normally found. When motionless against such a background it is almost impossible to distin- guish individuals from their surroundings, even when the spot where they are resting has been marked down within a few inches. The disinclination of this form to take flight 1s prob- ably connected with this fact. It seems to be a remarkably unwary species for a member of this genus; while alert and ready to take flight, it will allow a close approach before actually taking alarm, and then instead of flying a long dis- tance it usually goes only a few yards, often circling around so as to alight a short distance from where it started. It will continue to do this even after several unsuccessful attempts to capture it have been made. ‘The flight is usually low and direct. The stridulation of Circotettix azurescens is not loud; it consists of a rapid series of notes—zzzt-zzzt-zzzt-zzzt— uttered at the rate of one and a half or two per second for short periods while in flight. LOCUSTINAE Hypochlora alba (Dodge).—Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, II males, 3 females. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 35 In the vicinity of Amidon this species was fairly common on the dry, grassy uplands, on the slopes of the buttes, and among the “breaks” of the Bad Lands, always in close asso- ciation with the white sage (Artemisia spp.). Most of the specimens were taken by sweeping patches and clumps of Artemisia with the net. A few individuals were found on other types of vegetation, but always in the immediate vicinity of patches of sage-brush. The color of Hypochlora alba abso- lutely reproduces that of its food-plant, and the grasshoppers are invisible when clinging to the Artemisia stems so long as they remain motionless. Hesperotettix pratensis Scudder.*!—Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, Aug. 6, 1920, 1 female; Williston, July 24, 1920, 1 male; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 5 males, 8 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 5 females. A single specimen of this species was taken near Lake Upsilon in a thick growth of tall weeds—goldenrod, fireweed, nettles, Helianthus, and many others—standing three to four feet high on the higher ground around the borders of a grassy marsh. In the Great Plains region it is fairly common, though it was not abundant in any of the localities visited. In this region it was found in dry, grassy fields and pastures on the uplands, and among sparse vegetation on barren clay and sandy soils in the Bad Lands and on the flood-plain of the Little Missouri River. Aeoloplus bruneri Caudell—Buford, July 23, 1920, 3 males, 3 females ; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 21 males, 16 females ; Amidon, Aug. 21-24, 1920, 15 males, 15 females. Abundant on the uplands near Amidon, on the dry, sparsely vegetated flats and sloping banks around the margins of a ‘small alkali lake. The insects are very active, and leap and 21 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. 36 University of Michigan fly well, though only for short distances. Elsewhere in this neighborhood the species was found in small numbers, but was quite generally distributed; it was usually taken among sparse vegetation, seldom in bare areas. At Medora and Buford it was found on sage-brush-covered slopes and in dry, grassy situations. Melanoplus occidentalis (Thomas).”»—Amidon, Aug. 26-27, 1920, 2 males. The only specimens of this species were found in a dry pasture on the uplands near Amidon, among a low growth of parched grasses and other plants interspersed with occasional clumps of Artemisia and Russian thistle. Melanoplus flavidus Scudder.—Devils Lake, July 24, 19109, 1 male; Aug. I1-17, 1920, 4 males, 10 females; Buford, July 23, 1920, 2 males, 2 females; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 18 males, 25 females. This species was fairly common on the sandy and stony flats around the shores of Devils Lake, in bare areas and among scanty vegetation of grasses, liquorice, Grindelia squarrosa, and many other plants. Here it was found with M. packardii, to which it bears considerable resemblance in the field. It was found in great abundance at Medora on the arid, sandy flood-plain and the sides of the valley of the Little Missouri River, among the dry grasses and sage-brush which compose the greater part of the scanty vegetation. At Buford it was scarce, occurring in similar situations. Melanoplus bruneri Scudder.—Lake Upsilon, Turtle Moun- tains, Aug. 2, 1920, 3 males, 3 females. Quite common in a dry clearing covered with low bushes and shrubs of various kinds (Corylus rostrata, young aspens, willows, birches, etc.) and tall herbaceous plants such as fires 22 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn, Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 37 weed and goldenrod, interspersed with small, grassy areas. This species and M. m. atlanis occurred together here in about equal numbers. M. brunerit was not taken elsewhere in the state, though some of the larger, heavier-bodied females of M. m. atlanis taken in the grain fields at Bottineau were mis- taken for this species in the field. Melanoplus mexicanus atlantis (Riley )—Devils Lake, July 25-Aug. 8, 1919, 4 males, 2 females; July 19-Aug. 17, 1920, 24 males, 17 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 1 male: Sheyenne River, Nelson Co., July 25, 1919, 1 male; Lake Metagoshe, Turtle Mountains, July 16, 1919, I male, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 29 males, 18 females; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 35 males, 17 females; July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 20 males, 23 females; August, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male; Buford, July 23, 1920, 24 males, 24 females ; Williston, July 24-25, 18 males, 14 females; Medora, July 29-Aug. 3, 1920, 34 males, 47 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 59 males, 45 females. This species was probably the most abundant grasshopper occurring in the state. It was found in greatest numbers in dry fields of tall grass and on cultivated Jand, being especially abundant in grain fields. It occurred, however, in a consider- able variety of habitats. In point of view of destructiveness this species surpasses all others in North Dakota. At Botti- neal an examination of some of the devastated grain fields in the vicinity showed that this species outnumbered all others, although it was accompanied by great numbers of Melanoplus bwittatus and Camnula pellucida. Melanoplus dawsont (Scudder).—Devils Lake, July 23- Euce 2O108O, 4 males, 12 females; July 19-Aug: 15," 1920; 37 males, 37 females; Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, I male, 3 females ; Sheyenne River, Nelson Co., July 25, 1919, I male, 38 University of Michigan 1 female; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 5 males, 10 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 10 males, 8 females; Bottineau, July 31-Aug. I, 1920, 7 males, 5 females; Fargo, Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 21 males, 14 females; Williston, July 24, 1920, 1 male; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 7 males, 7 females. One of the most common of the campestral Orthoptera occurring in the eastern part of the state. In the eastern local- ities it was found in nearly all grassland habitats and was common and in many places abundant in dry pastures and— stubble-fields and on the sandy flats around the lakes. In the Turtle Mountains it was very numerous in brushy clearings, and was also taken in a tall growth of rank herbage in a low, moist meadow. In the grain fields and on the waste lands covered with Russian thistle in the vicinity of Bottineau it was abundant; it is probably of considerable economic impor- tance, in spite of its diminutive size. In the western part of the state Melanoplus dawsoni seemed to be less common; at Amidon it was rather scarce on the dry, grassy plains, on the slopes of the buttes, and on grassy ridges among the Bad Lands, while Miss Olson took only a single specimen at Wil- liston, and did not find it at all at Buford or Medora. That this scarcity was not due to the lateness of the season is shown by the fact that after leaving Amidon I found it to be com- mon at Fargo in similar situations to those in which it was taken at Devils Lake. A number of macropterous specimens were taken in various parts of the state, as follows: Devils Lake, 1 male, 5 females; Sheyenne River, I male. 1 female; Turtle Mountains, 1 female ; Fargo, 2 males, 1 female; Amidon, 1 female; in all a total of 4 males and g females. Most of these were taken by sweep- ing. The macropterous form is very rare in this part of the Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 39 range of the species, and seems to be unknown farther east. Melanoplus fasciatus (F. Walker)—Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 18, 1919 (Crystal Thompson), 1 male; July 30-Aug. 4, 1920, 11 males, 11 females; Pembina, Pembina Co., July 15, 1921 (Crystal Thompson), 1 male, 1 female. This northern species has been taken in North Dakota only along the Canadian boundary. In the Turtle Mountains i1- was common in suitable habitats. Specimens were taken in brushy clearings among woods of aspen, balsam poplar, paper birch, and other trees; along roads through shrubbery and forest; and in open, grassy groves of birches and poplars. On August 2 a pair was taken in copula among the branches of a tall clump of willows on the edge of a grassy marsh. Other specimens were taken on the gravelly beach of Lake Upsilon, near the marginal thicket of willows and_ birches. The .Pembina specimens were found in the margins of the woods along the Tongue River. Melanoplus femur-rubrum femur-rubrum (DeGeer ).—Dev- ils Lake, July 9-Aug. 8, 1919, 4 males, 2 females; July 15- Aug. 17, 1920, 35 males, 42 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919, I female; July 24-25, 1920, 9 males, 4 females; Turtle Mountains, July 15-16, 1919, 3 males, 3 females; Lake Upsi- lon, Turtle Mountains, July 15, 1919, 3 males, 3 females; July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 10 males, 7 females; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 5 males, 3 females; July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 23 males, 16 females ; Buford, July 23, 1920, 2 males, 1 female; Williston, July 24, 1920, 6 males, 2 females; Medora, July 31, 1920, I male;. Amidon, Aug. 21-27, 1920, II males, 8 females; Fargo, Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 8 males, 7 females. Very common on the eastern side of the state, though less abundant than M. m. atlanis, M. bivittatus, and Camnula pel- lucida, except locally. On the gravelly and sandy flats around 4o University of Michigan the margins of the lakes in the Devils-Stump Lake region it was the most abundant species of the genus, with the exception of M. angustipennis. It is more frequent in moist habitats, or those characterized by thick growths of herbaceous plants, than in dry and sparsely vegetated ones, in this respect showing a nearly opposite type of habitat preference to that of M. m. atlanis. On the western side of the state M. femur-rubrum seems to be less common than in the east, presumably on account of the more arid conditions. This species appears to be of secondary importance in this region from the economic standpoint. Observations made in the vicinity of Bottineau showed that while M. femur-rubrum was very abundant in the waste fields overrun with Russian thistle and other weeds, it was only fourth or fifth in relative abundance in the grain fields. | Melanoplus borealis junius (Dodge).—Devils Lake, Aug. 8, 1919, I male; July 23, 1920, 2 males, 3 females, 1 juvenile; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., July 25, 1919, 1 male; Lake Upsi- lon, Turtle Mountains, July 15, 1919, 1 female; Aug. 6, 1920, 2 males, 4 females. A few specimens were taken by sweeping the growth of sedges, grasses and tall herbage around the margins of a small pond on the flats between Devils Lake and East Bay; search of over an hour in this locality revealed only five adults, although nymphs which may have belonged to this species were fairly common. In the Turtle Mountains a single female was taken among a thick growth of tall herbaceous plants com- posed largely of goldenrod, fireweed, nettles, and Helianthus, bordering a low, marshy area, and others in a similar but somewhat drier situation on a hillside. One specimen was found among a clump of cat-tails bordering a small pond in the center of a marsh. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 41 Melanoplus angustipennis (Dodge).—Devils Lake, July 9-25, 1919, 7 males, 11 females; July 19-Aug. 17, 1920, 41 males, 42 females; Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, I male, 2 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 male, I female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 3 males, 2 females; Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 female; Medora, July 23-Aug. 3, 1920, 7 males, 4 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 6 males, 8 females. This species occurred in great abundance on the flats around the shores of the lakes in the Drift Prairie region. It was common among sparse vegetation on dry soils throughout the state. Although in the eastern part of its range, in Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan, M. angustipennis is quite characteristic of light, sandy soils, in North Dakota there seemed to be no such correlation; the species was found to be almost as com- mon on the grass-covered clay slopes in the Bad Lands of the southwest as on the sandy flats around the shores of Devils Lake. The hind tibiae of this species are usually either red or blue; in the vicinity of Devils Lake the population seemed to be about equally divided between these two types, while at Amidon specimens with blue tibiae seemed to be about twice as numer- ous as those with red. A number of the specimens in this large series have the tibiae some shade of yellow, brown, or dull green. Melanoplus packardii Scudder—Devils Lake, July 9-Aug. 26, 1919, 2 females; July 19-Aug. 17, 1920, 3 males, 8 females ; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 1 female; Sheyenne River, Nelson Co., July 25, 1919, 1 male; Lake Metagoshe, Turtle Mountains, July 16, 1919, 2 males; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 4 males, 2 females; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 10 males. 15 females; July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 2 males, 7 females ; 42 University of Michigan August, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 female; Buford, July 23, 1920, 4 females; Williston, July 24, 1920, 3 males, 2 females ; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 14 males, 16 females. Moderately common throughout the state, locally abundant, on dry, usually sparsely vegetated soils. Specimens were taken on the flats around Devils and Stump Lakes, in dry pastures and grain fields at Bottineau and Devils Lake, and in brushy clearings and roadside vegetation in the Turtle Mountains. The species was common in the grain fields and waste lands at Bottineau, but was surpassed in numbers by several others ; elsewhere in the eastern part of the state it was of regular occurrence, but not numerous. In the more arid western part of North Dakota M. packardii seems to be considerably more abundant, to some extent taking the place occupied in the east by M. bivittatus. It was very common on the grassy uplands in the vicinity of Amidon, as well as on the rocky slopes and summit of Black Butte, on the sparsely vegetated clay slopes and ridges in the “breaks” of the Bad Lands, and in the thick- ets of tall herbage growing in the gullies and depressions on the uplands and in the edges of the Bad Lands. In a series of 80 specimens the coloration of the hind tibiae is as follows: various hues of blue, 69; part blue and part yellow or pink, 2; pale yellowish white, 2; dark violaceous, nearly black, 1; red or pink, 5. Melanoplus conspersus Scudder.?>—Devils Lake, Aug. 26. 1919, 2 males, 1 female; Amidon, Aug. 23-28, 5 males, 4 females. Apparently a rather scarce species. The only specimens from the eastern part of the state were taken by Miss Olson on the grassy slopes of Sully’s Hill on the south shore of Devils Lake. Visits to this locality earlier in the season were 23 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 43 made both in 1919 and 1920, but no specimens were then found; it may be more common than is supposed, having been overlooked on account of maturing late in the season. | At Amidon specimens were taken in dry pastures and among roadside herbage on the uplands in the vicinity of the town; it was one of the less common of the Acrididae in this region. Two of the males, taken the 23d and 24th of August, were teneral. In the field the light markings on the pronotum and the striped hind femora make it quite conspicuous and easily distinguishable from its congeners. Melanoplus infantilis Scudder.—Devils Lake, July 26, 1919, 1 female; July 15-Aug. 13, 1920, 28 males, 23 females; Stump Lake, July 24-25, 1920, 7 males, 5 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 4 males, 3 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 18 males, 2 females; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 2 males; July 31-Aug. I, 1920, 2 males, 6 females; Buford, July 23, 1920, 2 males, 4 females ; Williston, July 24, 1920, 6 males, 2 females; Medora, July 29-31, 1920, 23 males, 18 females; Amidon, Aug. 21-28, 1920, 10 males, 15 females. This diminutive locust was abundant in most part of the state on dry grassland areas on sandy, gravelly, or clay soils. It was not taken at Fargo (where only a small amount of collecting was done, however), and is probably less common in the Red River Valley than in the other parts of the state, since this is near the border of its range; east of the Red River it is known only from Detroit and Fergus Falls, Minne- sota.2* In the dry pastures and stubble-fields at Devils Lake and Bottineau this species fairly swarms during July and August. On account of its small size and inconspicuous col- 24 Somes, M. P., 1914, The Acridiidae of Minnesota. Univ. Minn. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull., No. 141, Technical, pp. 1-100, pls. i-iv (p. 90). 44 University of Michigan oration it attracts but little attention among the crowds of larger Melanopli, but it is probably responsible for a consid- erable amount of damage to crops in the central and western parts of the state. Melanoflus confusus Scudder.—Devils Lake, July 23, 1919, 1 female; July 19-22, 1920, 6 males, 2 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 1 female; Williston, July 24, 1920, 3 males; Medora, July 29-31, 1920, 2 males, 1 female; Amidon, Aug. 21-25, 1920, 6 males, 2 females. Though nowhere found in numbers, this species seemed to be rather generally distributed through the state in dry grass- land habitats. In the east it was taken in dry pastures, stubble- fields, and on the flats around the lake shores. At Williston. it was taken on the grassy railroad right-of-way on the flats of the Missouri River. At Medora it was found among scat- tered vegetation of dry grasses and Artemisia on dry, sandy soil on the slopes of the buttes. It was rather scarce at Ami- don; specimens were collected on the sparsely vegetated mesa top of Black Butte, on the plains near town, and on the sparsely vegetated slopes where the uplands “break” into the Bad Lands. Melanoplus keeleri luridus (Dodge).—Devils Lake, Aug. 26, 1919, 2 males, 2 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 15 males, 9 females. This species is probably of common occurrence in the east- ern part of the state, but owing probably to its late appearance in the adult stage it was taken in only two localities. At Devils Lake it was found on the grassy slopes of Sully’s Hill; at Fargo, in a dry field among a sparse growth of low grass and weeds intermingled with patches of bare soil. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 45 Melanoplus bivittatus (Say).?°—Devils Lake, July 9-Aug. 26, 1919, 13 males, 13 females; July 18-Aug. 15, 1920, 21 males, 11 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919, 8 males, Io females; July 25, 1920, 3 males, 1 female; Sheyenne River, Nelson Co., July 25, 1919, 8 males, 5 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., July 25, 1919, 6 males, 1 female, 1 juvenile; Aug. 8, 1920, 3 males, 2 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 15-16, 1919, 9 males, 13 females; July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 13 males, 7 females; Bottineau, July 16, 1919, 9 males, 13 females; July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 4 males, 2 females; Aug. 9, 1920 (N. A. Wood), 1 female; Pembina, Pembina Co., July 12, 1921 (C. Thompson), 1 male; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, female’, Buford, July 23, 1920, 9 males, 7 females; Williston, July 24-25, 1920, 4 males, 4 females; Medora, July 30-Aug. 3, 1920, 3 males, 2 females; Amidon, Aug. 22-25, 1920, I male, 6 females. In the eastern part of the state this was one of the most abundant and omnipresent of the Acrididae. It occurred in greater or less numbers in every habitat of the region, with the exception of the denser types of forest, but was less com- mon in sparsely vegetated, arid situations than in more humid, thickly vegetated ones. In the grain fields and cultivated lands of this region it was often extremely abundant, and a consid- -erable proportion of the locust injuries are undoubtedly due to the ravages of this species. Melanoplus bivittatus was common on the flats of the Missouri River at Buford and Williston, in grassland and cultivated fields. It was taken among xerophytic vegetation on the barren hillsides in the valley of the Little Missouri River at Medora, and occurred in rather small numbers on the plains in the vicinity of Ami- °° Determined as Melanoplus bivittatus bivittatus (Say) by Morgan Hebard. 46 University of Michigan don, in patches of tall vegetation along the roadsides and in depressions on the uplands, and in cultivated fields. It seemed to be somewhat less common in the southwest than in other parts of North Dakota. All of the specimens of the very large series collected are of the typical bivittatus type, and not a single example of the red-legged femoratus was seen among the thousands of speci- mens observed in the field. However, it seems more likely that this difference in tibial coloration is in the nature of a response to local environmental conditions, such as food, humidity, etc., than that it is a genetic character of racial or varietal significance. The tibiae of these North Dakota speci- mens are usually at least in part yellow, and are almost always infuscated to a greater or less degree; but many of the speci- mens have bluish, brownish, purplish, or black tibiae, and in several specimens at hand they are dark yellow or brown, with the outer face faintly flushed with deep red. Phoetaliotes nebrascensis (Thomas):—Devils Lake, Aug. 26, 1919, I male, 1 female; Amidon, Aus. 22-20) mgeom males, 7 females. Although this species was taken in only two localities, it is probably widely distributed and fairly common within the state. A single pair was taken on the grassy slopes of Sully’s. Hill on the south shore of Devils Lake. At Amidon it was found on a number of occasions in patches of tall weeds or clumps of low bushes in depressions on the uplands and in the “breaks”? of the Bad Lands, sometimes on Artemisia in company with Hypochlora alba. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 47 TErTIGONUDAE PHANEROPTERINAE Scudderia pistillata Brunner—Devils Lake, July 19-Aug. 16 bo 1920, 6 males, 2 females, 1 juvenile; Stump Lake, July 25, 1920, 7 males, 17 females ; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., July 25, 1919, I female; Aug. 8, 1920, 3 males, 1 female; Lake Upsi- lon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 12 males, 7 females ; Bottineau, Aug. 1, 1920, 1 female; Aug. 9, 1920 (N. A. Wood), 1 female; Buford, July 23, 1920, 1 female; Ami- don, Aug. 25, 1920, I male. In the eastern part of the state this species seemed to be quite common. It was numerous on the upper part of the flats around Devils and Stump lakes, among bushes and tall herbaceous vegetation; also in the margins of the woods bor- dering the lakes and streams of this region. In the Turtle Mountains the species was very common in similar habitats ; specimens were taken in brushy clearings, roadside thickets, and meadows of tall herbage. At Bottineau specimens were found in a thick growth of low bushes—silverleaf, honeysuckle, and roses—mingl-d with tall Compositae and other plants, in a small depression on the prairie. Scuddcria pistillata was less common in the drier western portion of the state; a single female was taken in tall grass along the side of a road on the flats of the Missouri River at Buford, and at Amidon a male was beaten from a thick tangle of low bushes and tall weeds in the head of a gully in the Bad Lands. Scudderia furcata furcata Brunner.—Sheyenne River south of Warwick, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 male, 3 females, I juvenile male; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920,:1 male, 2 females. Although only taken in two localities, this species is prob- ably quite commcn in the eastern part of the state in suitable 48 University of Michigan habitats. In Eddy County it was found on shrubbery and young trees‘in the margins of the woods bordering the Shey- enne River; nymphs were more common here than adults. At Fargo specimens were taken in company with Amblycorypha oblongifolia in a clump of shrubbery and tall nettles, in the margins of an open grove near the banks of the Bois-de-Sioux River. Amblycorypha oblongifolia (DeGeer).—Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 2 females. Found with the preceding. Probably occurs at least through- out the southeastern part of the state. CoNOCEPHALINAE Orchelimum gladiator Bruner.—Devils Lake, July 18-Aug. 8, 1919, 3 males; July 19-Aug. 15, 1920, 33 males, 24 females ; Stump Lake, July 25, 1920, 11 males, 9 females; Lake Upsi- lon, Turtle Mountains, Aug. 2-6, 1920, 2 males; Bottineau, Aug. I, 1920, 2 males; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, I male. Common in the Red River Valley and the Drift Prairie Plains region in a variety of grassland habitats, especially during the earlier part of the season. It occurred in large numbers on the flats around the margins of Devils and Stump lakes, and was extremely abundant in patches of pigweed growing on a rocky island in Devils Lake; in these habitats it was found in company with the next species. O. gladiator was also common in tall herbaceous vegetation on dry soil and in grassy and sedgy marshes in this region. Orchelimum concinnum Scudder.—Devils Lake, Aug. 8, 1919, 1 male; July 21-Aug. 15, 1920, 32 males, 17 females. Although not taken elsewhere in the state, this species proved to be very abundant in many places on the flats around Devils Lake, where it occurred in company with the less Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 49 graceful O. gladiator; the comparative numbers of the species varied from place to place, but in general they seemed to be about equally common. O. concinnuwm was usually the only one found in the thick patches of sedges which grow in places on the shores of the lake. Two specimens were taken in other habitats, one in a clump of honeysuckle in a bare pasture near the edge of the woods, the other in tall, dry grass in a dry coulee half a mile south of the lake. Conocephalus fasciatus fasciatus (DeGeer).—Devils Lake, July 23, 1919, 1 male; July 19-Aug. 13, 1920, 32 males, 27 females; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919 (C. Thompson), 1 male; July 24-25, 1920, 2 males; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 3 males, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, Aug. 4-6, 1920, 9 males, 7 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 8 males, 6 females. Common in all grassland habitats in eastern North Dakota, where it was the most common Tettigoniid. It seems to pre- fer slightly more humid conditions than C. viridifrons, but the two species are very frequently found together. Specimens were taken on the dry flats around the lake shores, in grass and sedge marshes, in moist meadows, in brushy fields and pastures, in dry grassland, and in cultivated fields. C. fasci- atus was not taken in the western part of the state. Conocephalus viridifrons Blatchley.?*—Devils Lake, July 23, 1919, I male, 2 females; July 18-Aug. 16, 1920, 40 males, 2 females, 1 juvenile female; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 female; Stump Lake, July 24, 1920, 1 female; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, Aug. 2, 1920, 1 female; Bottineau, Aug. I, 1920, 2 males, 2 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 4 26 Rehn, in letter, seems to doubt the distinctness of this species from saltans Sc. 50 University of Michigan males, 3 females; Amidon, Aug. 22-26, 1920, 7 males, 6 females. Common in company with the last in nearly all the campes- tral habitats in the eastern part of North Dakota; while fairly common in moist situations such as marshes, grassy meadows, etc., it seemed to be more typical of dry grassland habitats. In the dry fields and pastures of the eastern part of the state it was usually more numerous than C. fasciatus, and in the western areas was common on the dry plains and in the Bad Lands in the vicinity of Amidon, where fasciatus was not found at all. C. viridifrons was found in the greatest abun- dance on the upper portions of the dry flats around the shores of Devils Lake, where the sandy soil was covered with a sparse growth of tall grasses, liquorice plants, and low shrubbery. DECTICINAE Anabrus simplex Haldeman, var. maculatus Caudell—Stump Lake, July 25, 1920, 1 male; Bottineau, July 31-Aug. 1, 1920, 5 males; Sept. 12, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male. This species seemed to be fairly coramon on the dry prairies in the eastern part of the state. None were taken in the Red River Valley in North Dakota, but a male is at hand which was taken at Donaldson, in the valley on the Minnesota side of the river ;*" it is said to be quite common in that vicinity. The specimen taken at Stump Lake was found among a thick growth of dry grasses, clumps of Artemisia and goldenrod, and other herbaceous plants on the dry flats north of the lake. Attention was attracted to it by its very loud stridulation, audible at a distance of over one hundred yards. This con- sisted of sharp staccato notes, repeated in rapid succession at 27 Minnesota: 5 miles west of Donaldson, Kittson Co., July 4, 1920 (O. B. Olson), 1 male. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 51 the rate of three or four per second for an indefinite length of time. Before starting its song the insect usually assumes a position six to twelve inches above the ground on a stout weed stem; at the first sign of danger it drops to the ground and hides among the bases of the plants. Its characteristic notes were heard on several occasions near Devils Lake, coming from the vegetation of roadsides and dry pastures but at times when it was impossible to stop to search for their source. In the vicinity of Bottineau Anabrus simplex was common in the waste lands and stubble-fields; the thick, tan- gled growth of Russian thistles covering much of the uncul- tivated land in the neighborhood seemed to be a favorite hab- itat for the species. No specimens were taken in the western part of the state, although it almost certainly occurs there. STENOPELMATINAE Stenopelmatus fuscus Haldeman.**—Marmarth, Slope Co., Sept. 12, 1920 (Chas. A. Kinnie), 1 male. In a letter dated September 25, 1920, Mr. Kinnie gives the following information: ‘Since this was taken two more have been found. It is called by the Mexicans mma (nina?) or childus. They say that it is found on the west coast of Mex- ico, and that the bite is deadly, ‘worse than a rattlesnake’— also that it is slow in biting; when approached it rears back with its legs in the air, and when it bites one it does not let go until all the poison is injected. There is no cure for the bite, and persons bitten will die in an hour. It is a close rel- ative of the ‘Vinegar Roan’; both bugs bore in the ground and come out at night. The three taken were all found after sun- down.” The belief concerning the poisonous nature of this insect seems to be widespread. The specimen is fully adult and of the extreme megacephalic type. ~ 28 Determination verified by J. A. G. Rehn. 52 University of Michigan RHAPHIDOPHORINAE Ceuthophilus sp.—Bottineau, Aug. 9-20, 1920 (A. H. East- gate and N. A. Wood), 2 males, 3 females. These specimens were collected in an outside covered stair- case leading to the cellar of a house in Bottineau. Five other adults captured on the 1oth of August were placed by Mr. Fastgate in a tin can, from which they escaped during the night by chewing their way through the cloth cover. It has been impossible to get this species determined. Speci- mens sent to Mr. Rehn were returned with the statement that the western forms of this genus were in too much con- fusion to make it possible to say what this species was. The coloration, male genitalia, armature of the posterior femora, and female ovipositor are all distinctive, but the descriptions in Scudder’s monograph” are so unsatisfactory that it has been impossible to place the species by their means. Ceuthophilus sp—Grand Forks, Grand Forks Co. (H. A, Shaw), 1 female. A single specimen taken many years ago by Mr. Shaw was received from Mr. Eastgate. The remarks made concerning the last species apply also to this. It seems to be fairly close to C. gracilipes Haldeman (as used by Blatchley), but differs notably in the lighter coloration, less distinct dorsal stripe, larger size, and considerably smaller ovipositor. Ceuthophilus maculatus (Harris)—Devils Lake, July 9, 1919, 2 males; (?) May 7-11, 1921 (N. A. Wood), 3 juve- niles; Grand Forks, Grand Forks Co., July 20-21, 1921 (C. Thompson), 2 males, 5 females; Pembina, Pembina Co., July 15, 1921 (C. Thompson), 1 male, 2 females. This species was taken in the woods bordering the lakes “9 Scudder, S. H., 1804, The North American Ceuthophili. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci., xxx, 17-111. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 53 and streams in the eastern part of the state. The specimens from Devils Lake were all taken under logs in the woods on the north shore or among tall shrubbery on the upper portion of the flats around the lake. The other specimens were taken in the woods bordering the Red River at Grand Forks and in the Tongue River woods near Pembina. It seems to be the most common of the forms occuring in this part of the country. Udeapsylla robusta Haldeman.—Stump Lake, summer 1904 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male; Elm Township schoolhouse, 5 miles southeast of Lansford, Bottineau Co., July 28, 1920 (A. C. Burrill), 1 male; Bottineau, Aug. 20, 1920 (A. H. Eastgate), 1 male: The Stump Lake specimen was taken in an outhouse near the edge of the woods bordering the lake. According to Mr. Eastgate this species is common at times in the Turtle Moun- tains, in moist, shady situations along the shores of the lakes. All three specimens are of the typical form. GRYLLIDAE GRYLLINAE Nemobius fasciatus fasciatus (DeGeer).*°—Devils Lake, Aug. 7-15, 1920, 12 males, 1r females; Stump Lake, July 24- 25, 1920, 3 females; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 7 males, 20 females; Lake Upsilon, Turtle Mountains, July 30-Aug. 6, 1920, 7 males, 13 females; Fargo, Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 6 males, 19 females. A very common species in the eastern part of the state, both on the dry, grassy uplands and in moist meadows and marshes on lower ground. Nymphs were very common every- where during July, but it was not until the 24th of that month that the first adult specimens were seen; from then until the end of the collecting season they became increasingly abun- 54 University of Michigan dant. For some reason this species was not found in any of the western localities where collections were made. These specimens belong to the typical race, fasciatus fasci- atus, but they average somewhat smaller and darker than a similar series of Michigan specimens. No specimens of the northwestern race, N. fasciatus abortivus Caudell, were taken in any of the localities studied, but Caudell has reported abor- tivus from Portal, Burke County, in the northwestern part of the state close to the Canadian boundary, and just within the Drift Prairie region.*! It may be of interest to note that the caudal femur-ovipos- itor ratios of 24 female specimens, 12 from Devils Lake and 12 from the Turtle Mountains, when plotted according to the scheme devised by Hebard,** are distributed as follows: With few exceptions the plotted ratios lie close to the point of junction of the areas designated as typical of the three races, fasciatus, abortivus, and socius; a total of 16 fall within the abortivus area, 5 just over the line separating abortivus from socius, and 3 well within the fasciatus area. Hebard has emphasized the fact that no single character can be relied upon to distinguish these races, but that it 1s necessary to consider the sum of all of them in order to arrive at correct conclusions. Gryllus assimilis (Fabricius ).—Devils Lake, July 9, 1919, I juvenile female; July 19-Aug. 15, 1920, 26 males, 30 females ; Stump Lake, July 24, 1919, 4 juveniles; Sheyenne River, Nel- son Co., July 25, 1919, 1 juvenile female; Pembina, Pembina Co., July 12, 1921 (C. Thompson), 1 juvenile female; Botti- neau, Aug. I, 1920, 1 juvenile female; Aug. 9, 1920 (A. H. aoletecmined by Morgan Hebard. 31 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxxiv, 1908, p. 81. 32 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., \xv, 1913, p. 413. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 55 Eastgate), 1 male; Fargo, Aug. 31-Sept. 2, 1920, 4 males, 7 females; Amidon, Aug. 23, 1920, I male, 2 females. This species is common in the same situations as the last; it is apparently more numerous in the eastern portion of the state than in the west. The series exhibits considerable varia- tion, but the majority of the specimens are of the Juctwosus type. OECANTHINAE Occanthus quadripunctatus Beutenmuller—Devils Lake, July 20-Aug. 14, 1920, 48 males, 35 females, 10 juveniles; Sheyenne River, Eddy Co., Aug. 8, 1920, 1 male, 4 females; Fargo, Aug. 31, 1920, 3 males, 7 females; Buford, July 23, 1920, I juvenile; Amidon, Aug. 21-27, 1920, 26 males, 17 females. This species was common throughout the state in grassy fields, roadside vegetation, patches of tall herbage, and in the brushy margins of woods in the eastern part of the state. Although nymphs were very abundant during the earlier part of July, the first adult was not taken until the 28th of that month; adults were common by the end of the first week in August. This species was common on the upper flats around Devils Lake, among the tall herbaceous growth and low bushes; it seemed to be especially fond of the sticky flowers of Grindelia squarrosa, and in a patch of these plants almost every other blossom would have an Oecanthus stretched out across its disc. Nymphs were seen at Bottineau, but no adults were taken there. All of the specimens in this large series (78 males, 63 females, 11 juveniles) are very light in coloration, without or with only the faintest traces of the fuscous markings char- acteristic of Oecanthus nigricornis, They undoubtedly all belong to the same species. Nevertheless, the antennal mark- 56 University of Michigan ings in this series vary from the rather light, narrow, and distinctly separated parallel marks characteristic of most east- ern specimens of quadripunctatus to marks of a much broader, heavily infuscated, and frequently confluent type. The infus- cation is usually confined to the markings themselves, the mar- gins of which are sharply delimited; it does not tend to shade out over the remaining portions of the basal antennal seg- ments, as is so frequently the case in nigricornis. In series at hand from Fort Sill, Oklahoma,** and Lawrence, Kansas,** all of the specimens are of this same type with the heavy anten- nal markings. In a series from Colorado Springs, Colorado,** one specimen is of the heavily marked type, the rest similar to eastern specimens, as are the other Colorado specimens examined. None of the eastern material of this species which I have examined shows this heavily infuscated type of anten- nal markings. It may be material of this type that Blatchley regards as intermediate between nigricornis and quadripunc- tatus. 33 Fort Sill, Comanche Co., Oklahoma, Sept. 27-Nov. 10, 1918 (T. H. Hubbell), 5 males, 3 females. 34 Lawrence, Douglas Co., Kansas, Sept. 18-24, 1921 (Carl Brown), 3 males, 9 females. %5 Colorado Springs, El Paso Co., Colorado (H. B. Baker), 15 males, 4 females. NUMBER 114 juny Fr1e22 OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN Arbor, MICHIGAN PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY A LIST OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN LEPIDOPTERA By SHERMAN MOORE The list of Lepidoptera herein presented represents the results of five seasons of collecting, 1917 to 1921 inclusive, along the shores of the north end of Lake Michigan and of the Straits of Mackinac, covering parts of the counties of Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Emmet, and Cheboygan. Collecting usually has been continuous from some time in May until about the first of November, and an average of two to three days per week has been devoted to the work. While some of the earliest forms may have been missed, the collecting period has covered the greater part of the insect season. Collecting has been confined largely to the immediate vicin- ity of the lake shores, and at no point have specimens been taken more than three miles inland. The collection therefore does not represent fairly the lepidopterous fauna of the vari- ous counties, but only that of a narrow strip along the shores 2 University of Michigan of the lake. Certain habitats have been entirely missing, notably low grassy meads and open upland woods. Such hab- itats are found, however, farther inland. As a matter of fact, the whole of the northern shores of Lake Michigan are of a singularly monotonous character. Collecting was done in Schoolcraft County in 1917, from Pt. aux Barques, about twelve miles south of Manistique, to the eastern boundary of the county at Hughes Point. The shore over this stretch is generally sandy, the sandy beach being broken at intervals by rocky points. Back of the beach there are ridges of sand dunes, rising at some places to con- siderable heights, covered largely with a scattering growth of scrubby birch and poplar. At Pt. aux Barques a hardwood ridge approaches closely to the shore, and along the Manis- tique River there are some patches of hardwoods. Collecting in Mackinac County has covered the entire shore from Hughes Point to Les Cheneaux Islands, and the years 1918 to 1921, inclusive. There is much less sand beach along this portion of the shore, the beach being rather flat and rocky with short stretches of sand. Back of the beach the country is low and flat, covered with a dense growth of balsam, spruce, and cedar, intermixed with some scattering birch and poplar. The greater part of the collecting was done near Naubinway, around St. Ignace, and in St. Martin Bay. In Cheboygan County only two or three days were spent along the beach in the immediate vicinity of Cheboygan. In Emmet County the collecting was confined to the beach from Mackinaw City to Waugoshance Island. The beach here is generally sandy, followed by ridges of sand, between which are wet swamps. The only collecting in Charlevoix County was on the islands known as the Beaver Island group. These islands, lying in the northern end of Lake Michigan, twelve to twenty miles Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 3 from the mainland, are geographically a part of Emmet County, being a continuation of Waugoshance Point, but for political reasons they are attached to Charlevoix County. Beaver Island, the largest of the group, was scarcely touched, a little collecting having been done near St. James only. Gar- den Island, the second in size, about five miles long by two miles wide, was thoroughly covered in 1919. The beaches of this island are for the most part rocky, and behind them is the usual growth of conifers. The interior of the island, however, is high, and covered with a heavy growth of maple, beech, and birch. There are several old clearings and some small lakes. This island affords the most diversified habitat of any territory along this portion of the lake, and is an excel- lent collecting ground. Hog Island, somewhat smaller than Garden Island, is low and flat, and covered with a dense growth of mixed timber. There are a few sand ridges near the northern end and a black ash swamp of considerable size in the interior. It was thoroughly covered during the season of 1920, but offers little to the collector. The other islands of the group, Squaw, Whiskey, and Hat, are all small, low, and rocky, with a scanty growth of mixed trees. Hat Island, the smallest of the three, is a breeding place of the herring gull and the great blue heron. . Combined in this list with the results of the writer’s collect- ing along the Straits of Mackinac are two small lists of Lepi- doptera from different localities. In July, 1919, T. H. Hub- bell was sent to Gogebic County to collect Orthoptera for the Museum of Zoology of the University of Michigan. In the course of his work there he took 13 species of Lepidoptera. Ten of these species were butterflies and included one speci- men of Nathalis iole Bdv., which is a record for the state. All of the other species have been taken along the Straits. Of 4 University of Michigan the three species of moths, two were not found in the vicinity of the Straits. The other list is from Huron Mountains, Marquette County. In 1919 A. W. Andrews collected some Lepidoptera there early in July, and Bryant Walker added some specimens later in the season. In 1921 T. H. Hubbell collected some speci- mens. The compiled list contains 19 species of Rhopalocera and 22 species of Heterocera. Five species of moths in this list have not been taken in the vicinity of the Straits. Considerable care has been taken in the determination of the specimens. For much valuable assistance in this work I am deeply indebted to Dr. W. W. Newcomb, of Detroit. He has checked practically all of the determinations and has devoted considerable time and the use of his extensive library to the work. Where there exists any doubt in regard to the identity of a species, it has either been omitted from the list or a note of explanation has been made. The list includes but 20 species of the super-family Tineoidea. A number of other species have been taken, but the literature and the time necessary for their determination has been lacking. In addi- tion to 32 undetermined species of this group, the collection contains 10 species of Noctuidae and 7 species of Geometridae which have not been determined satisfactorily. The nomenclature of the Check List by Barnes and McDun- nough, published in 1917, has been followed in the list, with one or two changes in conformity with later publications by the same authors. The list indicates the counties in which specimens of each species have been taken and gives the earliest and latest dates on which each species has been taken in any of the counties. A comparison of this list with others previously published may be of interest. In the Fourteenth Report of the Michigan Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 5 Academy of Science, 1912, Dr. W. W. Newcomb published a list of the butterflies of Michigan, based on all earlier lists and upon the results of his own collecting. This list contains the names of 101 species. In Entomological News, March, 1915, Paul S. Welch published a list of Lepidoptera taken in the vicinity of Douglas Lake, Cheboygan County. This list includes but 26 species of butterflies, and adds no new species to Dr. Newcomb’s list. In May, 1918, the University of Mich- igan published a list of Lepidoptera from Whitefish Point, by W. S. McAlpine, the results of the Shiras Expedition of 1914. (Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, No. 54.) This list includes 42 species of butterflies and adds two species to Dr. Newcomb’s list. In the present list there are 68 species of butterflies, seven of which are not included in any previ- ously published list. Two additional species have been taken during the past season by Dr. Newcomb at Detroit. This makes the total number of species of Rhopalocera known to occur in Michigan 112. Of the total number of species recorded from the state, 67, or about 60 per cent, occur in the territory bordering the Straits of Mackinac. The species in the present list which have been included in no previously published list are as follows : Zegris olympia rosa Edw. The onlyaspecimens known to have been taken in Michigan were secured by N. A. Wood, in Berrien County, in the spring of 1920. Coenonympha inornata Edw. Probably taken in Schoolcraft County in 1915 by W. S. McAlpine, although I have not seen his specimens. Nathalis iole Bdv. One female was taken by T. H. Hub- bell in Gogebic County. The occurrence of this southern form in the Northern Peninsula is remarkable. Oeneis chryxus Dbldy. & Hew. Taken in only one locality 6 University of Michigan in Schoolcraft County in 1917 by the writer. It appeared to be quite common. Strymon melinus Hbn. The writer took one specimen on Squaw Island, Charlevoix County, in 1919. Incisalia polios C. & W. Taken in Schoolcraft and Mackinac counties. This butterfly has been taken near the Michigan boundary in Indiana, but its discovery in the Northern Penin- sula was a surprise. Carterocephalus palaemon Pall. Found in considerable abundance in Mackinac County. In addition to the published records for Douglas Lake by Welch and for Whitefish Point by McAlpine, the only other list of Michigan Heterocera known to the writer is of Sphingi- dae by W. W. Newcomb in the Report of the Michigan Acad- emy of Science, 1913, which includes 29 species. Only three species are noted by Welch from Douglas Lake, and five by McAlpine from Whitefish Point, all of which occur in Dr. Newcomb’s report. The present list includes eight species of Sphingidae, two of which, Smerinthus cerisyi Kirby and Haemorrhagia gracilis G. & R., represent records for Michigan. In comparing the present list of moths with those for Douglas Lake and Whitefish Point, surprise is occasioned by the comparatively few species that are common to the three regions. From Douglas Lake there are 127 species, of which 35 belong to the Tineoidea. From Whitefish Point there are 129 species, of which 32 are Tineoidea. In the present list are 211 species, of which 21 are Tineoidea. Combining the three lists, there are 357 species, of which 72 are Tineoidea. Because of the great difficulty in the determination of spe- cies of the Tineoidea for the average student, the number of species of this group included in any list is a relatively small percentage of the species collected, unless it is possible to Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 7 have them determined by a specialist. In the present list somewhat less than 40 per cent of the species collected have been determined, and largely because of the difficulty of deter- mination no particular effort has been made to collect mem- bers of this group. It would appear to be proper, therefore, to omit them in the comparison of lists by different collectors. Of the 285 species of moths, exclusive of the Tineoidea, in the three lists, 38 have been taken only at Douglas Lake, 52 only at Whitefish Point, one only in Gogebic County, one only in Marquette County, and 117 only in the vicinity of the Straits. Out of 283 species, only 74 have been taken in more than one of the three localities for which there are extended lists, and only 18 have been taken in all of the three. The list for the Straits of Mackinac includes 49 species that were recorded from Douglas Lake and 4o species that were noted from Whitefish Point. Only five species are listed from both Douglas Lake and Whitefish Point that were not taken at the Straits. The same phenomenon will be noted if the distribution of species from the different counties included in the Straits list is studied, although not to quite such a degree. The majority of the species have been taken in but one county. A further fact bearing on the subject is to be found in the great number of species that are represented by only one or two individuals. Furthermore, each year of collecting adds twenty to thirty new species from the same localities. In view of these facts, any further comparison between lists of this nature would lead only to what probably would be erroneous conclusions. Two explanations are possible. First, that the distribution of the species of Heterocera is not at all uniform, species being confined to certain localities with very narrow limits, although such localities may be rather widely scattered over 8 University of Michigan a given region. Second, that none of these collections is fully representative of the Heterocerous fauna of its locality. The latter appears to be the more reasonable assumption. In the check list are given 661 species of Rhopalocera. Of these, 73 are known to occur in the region under consideration. Using the same proportion, there should be about 450 species of Heterocera in the same region, excluding the Tineoidea, whereas there are but 285. One thing at least is apparent: a great deal of field work remains to be done before a repre- sentative list of Michigan Heterocera can be compiled. PAPILIONIDAE 1. Papilio polyxenes Fabr.—Schoolcraft; June 12. One male. Rare. 2. Papilio glaucus Linn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix; May 20-July 16. Abundant. 4 PIERIDAE “3. Pieris protodice Bdv. & Lec—Mackinac; August 21- October 14. Rare. All specimens taken have been females. 4. Pieris napi Linn., form oleracea Harris——Mackinac, Charlevoix, Emmet, Cheboygan; May 26-July 5. Common, especially in heavy woods. Form cruciferarum Bdy.—Mackinac, Charlevoix, Emmet; June 26-September 8. Common in open fields. 5. Pieris rapae Linn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Marquette; May 20-September 3. Two specimens of the form immaculata Ckll. were taken at St. Ignace, June 1. 6. Nathalis iole Bdv.—Gogebic; July 29. One female, taken by sweeping roadside bushes. 7. Zegris olympia rosa Edw.—Cheboygan; May 12. Two specimens, a male and a female, taken near Cheboygan, and a second male seen. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 9 School- 8. Eurymus eurytheme Bdv., form amphidusa Bdv. scraft, Mackinac; July 4-October 15. Not common. 9. Eurymus philodice Godt—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Emmet; May 29-October 14. Form luteitincta Wolle.—Schoolecraft, Mackinac; August 21-September 22. This form appears to be not uncommon, as six or seven specimens have been taken. 10. Eurymus interior Scud.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Emmet, Marquette; May 28-August 5. Fairly common. 11. Eurema lisa Bdv.—Mackinac, Charlevoix, Emmet, Mar- quette ; June 18-September 14. Rather rare until 1921, during which season it was quite abundant, even as far north as the Huron Mountains. DANAIDAE 12. Danaus archippus Fabr—Schooleraft, Mackinac, Emmet, Charlevoix; May 20-September 26. Very abundant in 1917 and 1918, migrating by thousands. During 1919 and 1920 it was very scarce, only a few individuals having been seen. During 1921 it appeared to be increasing in numbers again. SATYRIDAE 13. Enodia portlandia Faqb—Mackinac; June 30, July 8. Only two specimens taken. 14. Satyrodes canthus Linn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix; June 30-August 15. Common. 15. Coenonympha inornata Edw.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac ; June 18-August 2. Quite common among low bushes along rocky shores. 16. Cercyonis alope Fabr., form nephele Kirby.—School- craft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Marquette, Gogebic; July 8- August 20. Abundant. 10 University of Michigan Schevicetth 17. Oeneis chryxus Dbldy. & Hew.—;Maekimac; May 27- June 12. Occurs in considerable numbers on the sand dunes near Manistique in early spring. NYMPHALIDAE 18. Argynnis cybele Fabr.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet, Charlevoix, Marquette; June 24-August 11. Common. The females show great variation in color, running from very dark specimens to those as light as the specimens taken in the Por- cupine Mountains. 19. Argynnis aphrodite Fabr.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet, Charlevoix, Marquette; July 8-August 11. Normally not quite so common as cybele, but in 1921 it was almost the only Argynnid seen. All of the specimens approach the form cypris Edw. 20. Argynnis atlantis EKdw.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Mar- quette, Gogebic; June 20-September 10. Common, at times very abundant. I have seen bushes actually bending beneath the weight of thousands of these butterflies. 21. Brenthis myrina Cram.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Cheboygan, Gogebic; May 28-August 20. Common. 22. Brenthis bellona Fabr.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix, Gogebic; May 28-August 20. Not so common as myrina. 23. Euphydryas phaeton Dru——Mackinac; June 20-30. Taken only in one locality, where four specimens were found in each of two years. 24. Phyciodes nycteis Dbldy. & Hew.—Schoolcraft, Mack- inac ; June 8-July 16. Common. 25. Phyciodes tharos Dru.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet, Charlevoix; June 7-September 8. Abundant. Both the form morpheus Fabr. and the form marcia Edw. occur, apparently simultaneously, and every gradation between these forms may be found. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 11 26. Polygonia comma Harris, form dryas Edw.—Charle- voix, Marquette; July 8-13. Not at all common. 27. Polygoma satyrus Edw.—Mackinac, Schoolcraft, Mar- uette ; July 6-September 18. Rather uncommon. 28. Polygonia faunus Edw.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Marquette; July 10-September 12. Common, 29. Polygonia progne Cram.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Emmet, Marquette, Gogebic; May 12-October 3. Common. 30. Aglais j-album Bdyv. & Lec—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Marquette; July 13-October 21. Common. In 1919 the most plentiful butterfly in this region. 31. Aglais milbertt Godt—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix, Marquette, Gogebic; June 26-October 2. Common, but in rather restricted localities. 32. Aglais antiopa Linn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix, Emmet, Marquette, Gogebic; May 26-October 13. 33. Vanessa atalanta Linn.—Mackinac, Charlevoix, Mar- quette; May 25-October 13. Normally rather scarce, but in 1919 it was very abundant. 34. Vanessa virginiensis Dru.—Schootcraft, Mackinac, Mar- quette ; June 2-October 12. Common. 35. Vanessa cardui Linn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix; August 20-September 17. Only four specimens taken. 36. Junonia coena Hbn.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Mar- quette; June 10-September 7. Not common. One specimen was taken at Manistique in 1917, and no other specimens were ‘seen until September, 1921, when for a few days they appeared to be quite numerous. 37. Basilarchia arthenis Dru.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Marquette, Gogebic; June 15-August 15. F OFM, ; . ine proserpina Edw.—This form was not at all uncommon A 12 University of Michigan in 1919. All of the specimens seen were of the form in which the white bands on the wings are entirely suppressed. 38. Basilarchia archippus Cram.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet; June 26-September 2. Fairly common. LYCAENIDAE 39. Strymon melinus Hbn.—Charlevoix; July 29. One specimen taken on Squaw Island. 40. Strymon titus Fabr.—Mackinac; August 1-15. Two specimens only. 41. Strymon calanus Hbn.—Charlevoix, Marquette; July 10-12. Two specimens. 42. Strymon liparops Bdv. & Lec.—Mackinac; August 5. Only one specimen, 43. Incisalia augustus Kirby.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix, Cheboygan; May 19-July 16. Common on dry, sandy upper beaches. 44. Incisalia polios C. & W.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac; May 27-30. Rather rare. Appears somewhat earlier than augustus in the same localities. 45. Incisalia niphon Hbn.—Mackinac; May 18-30. Twe specimens. 46. Feniseca tarquinius Fabr—Mackinac; June 18-23. Appears to be rare. 47. Illeodes thoe Bdvy.—Schoolcraft; August 1-September 16. Two specimens only. 48. Heodes helloides Bdy.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac; June 17-September 16. Not common. 49. Hceodes dorcas Kirby—Mackinac; July 2-August 18 Common. 50. Heodes epixanthe Bdyv. & Lec.—Schoolcraft; August 21. One pair taken near Manistique. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology E3 51. Heodes hypophlaeas Bdy.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac; June 4-October 1. Quite common. 52. Everes comyntas Godt.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac; May 31-October 2. The specimens vary greatly in size and color. A very small, dark form was common at Manistique in Sep- tember, 1917. 53. Plebeius saepiolus Bdv.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix ; June 5-July 24. Common. | 54. Glaucopsyche lygdamus Dbldy—Mackinac; May 25- June 28. Not nearly so common as saeptolus, and is more closely restricted to certain localities. 55. Liycaenopsis pseudargiolus Bdv. & Lec.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Emmet; May 23-July 1. The common form is marginata Edw. Form lucia Kirby is somewhat less common, and form violacea Edw. still less so. The butterfly appears to be single brooded in this region, but one specimen of the summer form neglecta Edw. having been taken, August 16, near St. Ignace. HESPERIIDAE 56. Cocceius pylades Scud.—Mackinac; May 29-June 206. Common. 57. Thanaos icelus Lint—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix; May 18-July 4. Common. 58. Thanaos brizgo Bdv. & Lec——Mackinac; July 4. One specimen only. 59. Thanaos juvenalis Fabr—Schoolcraft; June 21. One only. 60. Carterocephalus palaemon Pall—Mackinac ; June 4-28. Quite common. 62. Pamphila comma Linn., var. manitoba Scud.—School- ¢ f. amy Ie ku pha. mhumitor. Fabr.__-—~Mae hinac Chavdevory Ripgion: ©292 cue 8). So) August23. Co heck ne soe ) 14 University of Michigan craft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Emmet, Gogebic; July 19-August 23. Very common. : 63. Polites cernes Bdv. & Lec.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix, Marquette; June 8-August 2. Common. 64. Polites mystic Scud—Schoolcraft, Mackinac ; June 15- July 24. Common. 65. Polites peckius Kirby Mackinac; June 30-July 7. Not common. 66. Poanes hobomok Harris——Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix; June 1-July 13. Common. 67. Euphyes vestris Bdv.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charle- voix; June 30-August 3. Quite common. 68. Amblycirtes vialis Edw.—Mackinac, Charlevoix; May 30-July 27. Very common. SPHINGIDAE 69. Ceratomia undulosa W\k.—Charlevoix ; June 22-August 3. Two specimens. 70. Sphinx chersis Hbn.—Mackinac, Charlevoix ; July 2-21. Two specimens. 71. Smerinthus jamaicensis Dru., normal form gé&mnimatus Say.—Mackinac; June 21. A single specimen. 72. Smerinthus cerisyi Kirby—Mackinac; June 20-July 4. Only two specimens. '73. Pachysphinx modesta Harris —Mackinac; July 3-10. Four specimens, one taken in each of four years. 74. Haemorrhagia gracilis G. & R.—Mackinac; June 5. A single specimen. 75. Haemorrhagia diffinis Bdvy.—Mackinac, Cheboygan; May 26-July 1. Common. 76. Celerio gallii Rott., var. intermedia Kirby —Mackinac ; June 1-30. Not uncommon, 77. Celerio lineata Fabr—Gogebic; August 21. One only. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 15 SATURNIIDAE 78. Tropaea luna Linn.—Mackinac; June 6. One specimen taken at night at St. Ignace. 79. Telea polyphemus Cram.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac; July 12. One specimen taken at Seul Choix Lighthouse, and one reared from larva. CERATOCAMPIDAE 80. Anisota rubicunda Fabr.—Charlevoix; July 29. One specimen taken on Squaw Island. SYNTOMIDAE 81. Scepsis fulvicollis Hbn.—Mackinac, Charlevoix; June 30-September 24. Common. Dae 82. Lycomorpha pholus Dru.—Mackinac, Marquette; July 10-20. ‘Two specimens. ae: 83. Ctenucha virginica Charp.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Charlevoix; June 11-July 20. Common. ARCTIIDAE 84. Hypoprepia miniata Kirby —Charlevoix ; July 26. One taken on Hog Island. 85. Halisidota maculata Harr—Schooleraft, Mackinac; June 7-July 26. Several specimens. v : 86. Eubaphe aurantiaca Hbn., form, ferruginosa Wik.— Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet; June 20-September 9. Sve : : Form, brevicornis Wk. Two specimens. Mackinac, Emmet; July 14-30. 87. Diacrisia virginica Fabr.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix; June 17-July 26. Common. 88. Isia isabella A. & S—Mackinac; June 18-30. Two specimens. 16 University of Michigan 89. Hyphantria textor Harr—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix ; June 7-August 10. Four specimens. 90. Estigmene acraea Dru——Mackinac; July 4. One speci- men, taken at light. g1. Estigmene prima Slosson—Mackinac; June 22. One specimen. 92. Apantesis parthenice Kirby—Mackinac, Emmet; July 16-August 18. Four specimens. 93. Arctia caja Linn.—Marquette; July. One large yellow female. 94. Utetheisa bella Linn.—Mackinac, Charlevoix; July 27- September 6. Quite common. 95. Haploa confusa Lyman.—Mackinac; June 20-July = Three specimens taken at the same locality. AGARISTIDAE 96. Alypia octomaculata Fabr.—Schoolcraft, Charlevoix ; June 11-July 16. One specimen from Manistique. Quite common on Garden Island, the only locality in this region where the wild grape grows. 97. Alypia langtoni Couper.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Char- levoix; June 23-August 1. Quite common. | NocTuIDAE 98. Heliothis obsoleta Fabr—Mackinac; July 16-October 13. Abundant. 99. Euxoa detersa Wik.—Schoolcraft, Mackinac, Emmet, Charlevoix ; September 8-18. Common at light. 100. Feltia venerabilis Wik—Mackinac; August 29-Sep- tember 7. Common at light. 1o1. Feltia subgothica Haw.—Mackinac; August 6-22. Quite common, especially at light. 102. Feltia herilis Grt—Mackinac; August 9-10. Several specimens at light. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 17 103. Agrotis geniculata G. & R.—Mackinac; August 8. One specimen at light. 104. Agrotis ypsilon Rott-——Mackinac; July 7-23. Several at sugar. 105.