bs , ) Ly Me Sr ae el HWA eeihe PMR) itn Oa MUP araok easel pam eh est B40 YA i M raed le be f ; ; (+ adn ADVE VO ‘ ‘ 4 sh des whee Ms +) 4 PRO ON acai it) +) ed evitrrnsat te) a cin i a 4 fe rah i iy putt ote Leta tis ‘ a wise erin 1 rhea seta Nee lhe ed ee eRe ge Bey 4s pha ite hin rahi Hit f CCceay ny . edad inl at ote vod ) | event if SES ehae } GaN t ne “i ii Wea “ se cue ween Maer veh ] t esha) na! «4 Arie " 3 sie Wher ; H ) AWWA Ke i le A ns i ie 1 ae its ni OAR RRR eet an Ved a ait 4ten i y vt tiled i} ii Leda bed aide) ah i " " t eae a6 hy SRR OR POORRRY Cx Farin aaa et H "a ’ ‘ fit ie Bast A tat OOOO U MYC IOR Can TRM RN) Hh DEN UCR YIN ot oi ae OOM IOCNICR KA HORN ; ; ‘t oy Uwe Syd MeN ‘i vil Mi A WO aan ‘iat hy id eth « N i i Wy aural MME et) ara AO) ty y Hey A , iN) A Ne ries vi hy Hee ' AS 4a VASA Die SALLI oa} Ns SANs ihe Wait ah Un ‘i ua ! uae i oir p “i Curt Lach py aid Well hvac dea say 4 > Ks NR MONT) ( ; Paty) ray mn st PULAU Oe \ ; CAO Gt ; Libs i dh edie 7 ' tn % i Nico al Sha iat SRE HUAN EE PRR NE ORC aie , i) Otte W AWE Mme a rei \ i MI 119 Mit ‘ ti ‘ inane : Wy “i ee w Ani i Che a i Paes hy ‘yt st i Watt Hee ratte! AUN = ae ; n/ 0) 7 iy icy a A ‘ 4 i hea’ L ‘ Ay aN Ae 4 ty rr iN “ , i ‘ eh ‘ ae ari tee Spas Goa elea ike ra OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY VOLO NE vi nse nian tnt BH ¥ fay" "a, TAN Ge, “ — : Se HONOLULU, H. I. BisHorp MuSEUM PRESS 1914-1918. CONTENTS. NUMBER I. Director’s Report for 1913. New Hawaiian Plants, IV, by Charles N. Forbes. NUMBER 2. Director’s Report for 1914. NUMBER 3. Director’s Report for 1915. New Hawaiian Plants, V, by Charles N. Forbes. NUMBER 4. Director’s Report for 1916. Ethnographical Notes on Accessions, by John F. G. Stokes. New Hawaiian Plants, VI, by Charles N. Forbes. NUMBER 5. Director's Report for 1917. Leptachatinee and Tornatellinide in the Bishop Museum, by C. Montague Cooke Jr. The Genus Lagenophora in the Hawaiian Islands, by Charles N. Forbes.: | BS 2! LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. | Basal pagination. } NUMBER I. PAGI 1. Clubs and ine aH rahe A Wosy INDUS, Basocgoses cows cdcogurdcne onDF an. 14 Pee Mee MAVE LIM DOINES, NIE = stars clay. cies tale «aj v-eraneis' aisbecereis Sas 15 2. TAGVARSE ONT Ektnmnion So One orn ein DEO Or DOr CCRC Scio acter 16 MEATS CAT GGCOMSs INGE. toc /s,c0ec-= sloaels on 5,0 ais ater ole ronal evans /etalons aisraimyanevatere ny eG Oleerlanwvaldnshrotitey1e we ssveckycitccotoor ole orev fale vt ote Teike one fouave: i vonener aveia tiaoners 18 ape Ol ablawallesback val Gr - srisiase Gielsiece cvsie siete, cvexclbioushel amt atoreyiacaesteia tele 18 is Sling-club (ont Ginoyiion JSR eile anita Dn OOS Cor Ha Mane geace mo sace 19 SME OLenSls OhewOO Ce blaw alice as cect ete seen cietece canciones erelveysiola io etre 20 9: DOTIDIE Troe oKl, ISkiyiblooo dee oo bos ooteoousboesonnoU mode ooo60r 21 POE SIE LAW Alls Lp PEt SULLAGE! wich cc's sis cs em scree ole cle ak) ae celeaewiera es 22 Mie Oledmbleawalt. Lowel SUrlace sts. 2 .arsev acto css icre aleve ac Seles eva cverosier 22 NUMBER 2. ie Sineer-bowll and spittoon, Hiawalt-<%-- <2. c<-m siisw~e4 spey-ynn oa leminsls 55 2, IDeA), sth, ebloo dd oo peoMoOUo ne MEAT EOD deen Udeoad coer 57 Beri Cle ees SLC Se EL cape allilis aieey olers oecael sesusis ees sccvny sere ctoucvaseiens. spapssleyelopee atnne oasiciene 59 Sa Suimo-chitibrotistome, Elawalie ofelssicis\avevlensjouees iene) sau auste,e cyehslalevels «)ucietocin 63 oy, - (Caray colteliaitsr yd tgolopety il Ike eorodnosnoocuRoncrom eon ceo oceeD none: 70 Fs (CANNONS OZ ST SS MW roloyarhs le) fo (Coro aay neem ne emo cone or A 71 ‘ei, ‘Jbyalltts Out (oid ken IN(Eh is Gubhha ering ter iocl Hames orate timo clan Men COIS ESE TS OFS oz 72 9g. Yam dish and pounder, New Hebrides..-.-.-.....---...-2-2---05 74 LO Mea pounders. INEW ElEbriCeSi: ate ems a6 vis ete aneven We le/ele «sia cis trees aise 75 ME NVOOUMEN dIShest INeEw) EIeEDEIGeES ociciecc ne cecil e « sre eleiorac oessrelseonette 76 Loe ALCISHeES wNeEwWs ELE bDIGeSi cies elicits che enis veya sis as cetciee’s nis eines signe eae See Bark troughs, Western Atistraliat-o0.5.=5 ves pee cee ona wee Womera, Queensland ............. cMicis als bette Ceremonial stones, New South Wales.......... Breast ornaments, Western Australia .......... Forehead ornaments, Bismarck Archipelago ... Labordia kaale@ Forbes .....- B4acrnoseos beds Lavorata Lyadgntert: POTS. s\cicn as osecsmee eee Flaplostachys Munroti Forbes....++++s.+ +000. Pagiostegta electra Forbes) 7% wass sa. = natelaoe coe LORRhSL 2.6.0) 18) p es CCCP eCard) Stenogyue affinis Forbes ......-- sini sy=.'st afer eieter ote eters ste reeetet tener Cyanca Juddii Forbes....-. stinhe mies See eee era sheen GQYOHEIVPLO/UE A EOLDES el scleiiemtoticlteiehsiele) ieee eye eee ies CHAINEd PALARER ROLDES oo ss 6 sce 32 vel 2 sole Balser ene Lysimachia filifolia Forbes & Lydgate..... Beaten teiste SoG AIS C NUMBER 4. shredders and scrapers) ddiawali< =e). neem aes oie me f/ shaccl iota ts Shredder, with support, model] .........:...... Beetle ornaments, New Guinea ..............-; Ringed stone mortar, Hawaii....... cece sce eeee Cross-section of mortar ....... leis sels oe een sling, hau fibre, Hawaii ..% 00's ene cceee ole « line solona fibre, modeltes-mrectererrciie ree tee Platter, of stone, for pounding poi ............ Letnaplasandra Kacemosa Orbs 2 -\-% 26 ws lo bo eho ees 5c Tetraplasandra racemosa, inflorescence..........0. sad onal NUMBER 5. Lagenophora maviensis Mann....-....++...+0--- Lagenophora maviensis forma ee oe HORDES -i-)-)) +1s1-le\ere LE ZONOBNOVA FCFICU ROEDES: ste ae 1a sient eleie aleiere etn oe af ata ge ee Lagenophora Helena Forbes & Sade UTE eee cece cc eneeceeeee eee ese recess OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY VoL. VI— No. 1 Director's Report for 1913 HONOLULU, H.I. BisHOoP MvuSEUM PRESS IQI4 BOARD OF TRUSTEES ALBERT F. Jupp - - - - bre te President EK. FAxon BISHOP - - - - - Vice-President J. M. DowsETT ~~ - - - - . - ‘Treasurer ALFRED W. CARTER - - : - - - Secretary Henry Hommes, SAMUEL M. Damon, W1LLiAM O. SMITH MUSEUM STAFF WiLLiaM T. BriGHAM, Sc.D. (Columbia) - - Director WiniiAM H. DAL, PH.D. - Honorary Curator of Mollusca Joun F.G. Stoxes - - Curator of Polynesian Ethnology C. MONTAGUE CooKE, PH.D. (Yale) - Curator of Pulmonata Orro H. Swezey - - Honorary Curator of Entomology CHARLES N. FORBES) - - . - Curator of Botany JoHN W. THOMPSON - - - - Artist and Modeler Miss. E. B. HIGGINS - . - -- ood - Eabrarian A. DEWirr ALEXANDER - - - -Director’s Assistant JoHN J. GREENE . : : - - - Printer AuGuUST PERRY - . - - - Assistant Printer ooo EXHIBITION STAFF Mrs. HELEN M. HELVIE - - - - Superintendent Joun Lunc CHUNG, THOMAS KEOLANUI; gees eae mee: - Janitors JOHN PENCHULA, OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY VoL. VI— No. 1 Director’s Report for 1913 HONOLULU, H.I. BrsHOoP MUSEUM PRESS IQI4 Report of Work in 1013. [Presented to the Trustees February 17, 1914; returned to the Director April 24, 1914, with orders to omit everything but ‘‘work accomplished’”’. | THE past year has but a commonplace history to relate. Not much has been done in publication, not much in accumulation of specimens; but the members of the staff have been far from idle. The Museum Press has been largely occupied in printing the Report of the Dire¢ctor’s Journey around the World, which for various reasons has taken more time than was spent in the jour- ney. No Memoir has been issued, but of the Occasional Papers, besides the Annual Report for 1912, Volume V, Part 4, we have published Mr. Forbes’ Notes on the Flora of Kahoolawe and Molo- kini, and An Enumeration of Niihau Plants, forming Part 3 of the same volume. Much other material has been collected for various papers not necessary to specify, and it has been no light work but is still far from accomplishment. In the Library'much work has been done and the list of acces- sions given below will show the value of its increase, while the following brief statistics will mark the form: Volumes received by exchange. --.-..--. 2. 02-0 eee oe eee eens e sec cene 196 Parts and pamphlets received by exchange..---. +--+ -+++++eeeeee eeeeee 615 Volumes received by purchase or gift -----. 6 eee ee eee eee ee eee ee eee 385 Parts and pamphlets received by purchase or gift..---. + +--+. +--+eeeeee 381 SARC HiLez1i lUromete ya sl cielo Slcnes turer shape eile ses'en sie) sist, a: ais 1 ¥ayrsuisilel aieusy erleusiicheusnsneiteyelaice)(e, siahalaney-s:lers\'eiey axietale 1580 Maps and charts..----.- 2-2-2. cece eee cece cece eee cece e cece cence 15 NiGkobIYSohose oesoe sobbed Odbeos ob eobe Ou OOUIOod ado OOO COOU cinco Or GoIdooD or 9 Concilium Bibliographicum cards. .----- sees. cere eee ee eee ee eee eee $826 Names added to the exchange list.--- +--+ esse cece ee cece cece ee ee eens Wanllimnas sonal, soos be Sco bbe mao odes One Bo CO Do- OG ba OO.0.080 ThomDIC lO OMOG CIOOIDCNO 232 This does not show the entire activity of the Library. Many translations have been made by the Librarian and by A. DeWitt Alexander, the Director’s assistant, and the same indefatigable laborers have indexed many volumes with reference cards. Visi- a 3 4 Director's Annual Report. tors to the Library have had volumes placed at their disposal for research, transcription, or illustration copying. ‘Tracings of por- tions of maps or charts have been made for curators in a very convenient and time-saving way. In the Botanical department much work has been done and I quote from Mr. C. N. Forbes’ report to me: ‘DR. Wn. T. BRIGHAM, Director of the Bishop Museum. “DEAR S1r:—The bulk of the material received during the year has been poisoned, mounted, classified, and incorporated into the herbarium. Work has been continued in poisoning the mounted portion of the herbarium with corrosive sublimate. This work takes a great deal of time, with little to show for it; but it seems absolutely necessary not to neglect any possible means of combatting the invasions of our numerous insect pests. ‘The Hawaiian section is practically finished. ‘“Most of the collecting this year was on the smaller islands, or over ground covered before; so the number of specimens ob- tained was not large, although nearly the same amount of time was spent in the field. During a portion of February and March I accompanied other members of the Museum staff on a trip to the islands of Molokini and Kahoolawe. Very few specimens were collected, but the trip was instructive in many ways. ‘The botani- cal results have already been reported on in Volume V, Number 3, of the Occasional Papers of this Museum. For courtesies ex- tended while on the island we are indebted to Mr. Eben P. Low, lessee of Kahoolawe; and also to Messrs. Arthur Waaland W. A. Gill of Lahaina for aid in obtaining a boat for the trip. ‘‘On the return from this trip a week was spent at Lahaina, Maui, for the purpose of collecting on ridges not visited in ror. ‘During the months of June and July an extended trip was made to the island of Lanai which was covered pretty thoroughly, practically every ridge and subridge being walked over at least once. ‘There are two rather extensive forest areas on this island with a diversified and interesting flora. A fairly complete set of Director's Annual Report. 5 the plants reported from here was collected, which has been con- siderably augmented by a set collected by Mr. G. C. Munro, who obtained a few not in fruit or flower during my visit. Before this year there was little or nothing from this island in our herbarium. For courtesies extended we are indebted to Messrs. Cecil Brown, George C. Munro, Charles Gay and William Dickson. “During a month’s vacation in September a few notes were made on the vegetation of Kauai. A few short trips have been made on Oahu at various times, mainly to study the ecology. ‘“The following list shows the number of specimens added to the herbarium during the year. All contributors should be thanked for their generous interest in this department. Miece menece A Jexatigeis NA ewisss «ci-6 2 mnie eel vere ee eee scm nine wim ® Y = ~ as a = = = a sy == jen) = Oo od Sy sei << & SEUINUAUIEY, oe) syeierelislels'e eves ciel svers S76 151 97 112 216 22 23 | 64.1 1,474 | InGlepm Geary Soddapoouncocacc $52 181 S7 327 179 9 20 | 81.8 | 1,635 WIEWRHN Sopjs0pD0GOdUSouCCOdOD S62 S5 63 133 170 ] 22 59.8 1,814 onl) Sonpgqosogecosnscoen DS4 80 | 60 131 167 32 21 50.2 1,054 Wai Vaetscisieieialefate eleteretaicistateterete 594 186 82 179 219 23 22 5S.4. 1,288 | JUNG se asauseew secre aacere 601 274 59 224 339) | 12) 22°) 686 1,509 DIUM Virssctose) oiclevod saveKere cst et ein/s\ateaye 6S4 65 39 67 160 4 | yA 48.1 1,019 TANS UIN ties evetefaisistals(oleisyaraieie clas 59S 82 73 140 209 13 22 | 50.1 1,115 Sous nae Hoocdesooondds 592 224 69 218 323 12 22 | 65.4 1,488 CU (eta) GICRFO POCO SUPA AIA TODS 420 78 36 131 286 32 22 | 44.7 982 NOWEMID OM «1c oc nics ce catpieieicle 430 S5 43 82 215 11 20 | 43.1 866 WOGGMIIGIS w 010s erste cl siale'el= eis 565 166 D4 89 400 17 21 | 61.5 1,291 bl N04 21 IR PU EROCOGOrS 7.658 1,657 761 1,833 2,883 18S 258 | 58.2 14,980 CbrogL‘ 1 vg 6L°gt0‘g of bgz pte) Cus pe-gzi ey Sly ECCS Cyc’ gS 'b19 Tz°€oS o$'gTI Al a th-ogS‘z 6L17P 00°000' I g1*Zgt ‘Tt oS Ze ‘o1 So'60r‘L ¢ Serre sere eee es UUIMODIR DAIOSAI 0} DOULT EG sosuadxa SulpaArs} UO doUYTed ‘Mey sug VT AV stent cece eee cece ne eetoeeseseseteress SITBAOY ++++++++SSUIP[Inq 0} SUOI}IPpe pue SUOT B19}, Y etre ee eeee reese eeeees Qanqiuing pue snyeieddy COO OO Cee Os Ont tO sees ee eee -SOSTIOGXO yuotIn,) Cece ee meee rece e cesses eseese tree ees SULTIPOT wet meee we meee rere weet eee es we seee SUOTzI pad xy 1z°¢g tresses (SQOUROITOA ) SOPI[S ULSI] 0000S ¢ svelelelie)oleie)ele/e)*ehei=rel esi TOMEI OS Sy) YOIvasay ouvs[OA 0} uodrIosqns —ASo0]0A45) OS POO CP Oa er Ci i seeee -SasmMadxa [etouor) —Auryog zblo eelefe = e)a)2)s)> 21" *\sie GOSTOO XS [PIOUOS) oo'olEg¢ ------sastedxa s,Arqsiid “VW “H 2d —ASO[007, serees-Suaumoads Jo SUIQUNOM pur aseyoing ASopouyy OO ChOOID OO GRO OIIDIO CRD Os O.ciou eu OroucHOnG suolyeoTTqud Come e tees se eecee eocceces , ALOFT $ JopurxolL Vy So'hl1 ce POO CIO CO OOOH CON Copley Ak) Gal haus ee ward CG e). ele, 6s) 8 68 © 0) e'6.0 6:6) .6) 6 6 6186-8, 6 SuIpulg 1S-otz1r¢ . 20D DDOOCOOCORO 0 CDDLC OBOONG Epi ooya( —AIviqvyT Bia) 016) 08; 8! /@/0)'0) 6) 6.6 eee) 4).6 0.8 s tee ee SOBRPM pue SOLTBLeS : SHUOLIGNHAXY WOHSOIN -+--daaydn pure ‘aouvinsur ‘saxe} ‘sasuadxa [e529] ‘suOIsstuIUIOD :sasuadxa adyjo ,saoysniy, Ag | | | CS°z6¢ ‘gt SL-ggz‘61¢ ee eee see ee sapes worzeolTqnd see eee spusplAl(d ee re | SoxVl 6) ee eles) « elels S}UIy eee ee eeee ysot1oJUyT OL, ‘E161 ‘ZI WAAOLIO DNIGNA UVAA AHL YOU AUNLIGNAdXH AGNV AWOONI AO INAWALVIS List of Accessions. ETHNOLOGICAL. BY GIFT. Miss Breckons, Honolulu. (11,096) Large wooden idol. Hawaiian Islands. Estate of A. S. Cleghorn, Honolulu. (11,132-11,135) Two grindstones, stone anchor, mortar or awa bowl. Hawaii- an Islands. R. A. Cooke, Honolulu. (1IITSE sine Poi-pounder, ulumaika. Hawaiian Ids. Dominion Museum, Wellington, N. Z. (11,089-11,093, 11,289) Food-basket of bark, casts of 2 stone idols, cast of carved bowl, colored cast of window frame. New Zealand. Cast of bone tapa-mallet. Niue. A. F. Judd, Honolulu. (11,118—11,127) Bone implement, 9 shell beads, limestone implement, shell for squid-hook, 4 stones for squid-hooks, stone hammer, konane stone. Hawaiian Ids. C. H. Maxwell, Honolulu. (11,288) Hematite implement. Hawaiian Ids. Patrick Walsh, Honolulu. Geb ony ac | Phallic stone. Hawaiian Ids. Rev. W. D. Westervelt, Honolulu. (11,128-11,130) Cast of engraved tablet. Easter Id. Two skulls. Hawaiian Ids. BY COLLECTION. Dr. C. Montague Cooke. (11,087,-11,088, 11,277—-11, 280, 10, 2e¢—1 200m Adze, 4 ulumaika, hammer, drill bit, slingstone or sinker, sinker, shell for squid-hook. Molokai. I2 Director's Annual Report. 13 SiN Morbes, (11, 194=11,275) Pearl-shell used for fish-hooks, 7 adzes, 2 grindstones, 2 pol- ishing stones, 7 knives or files, 7 files, 5 knives unground, 16 coral chips, 45 ulumaika, 2 ulumaika or hammers, shell for squid-hook. Lanai. Stokes and Forbes. (Uncatalogued.) About 150 specimens. Kahoolawe. Stokes, Perry and Jaeger. (Uncatalogued. ) About 2000 specimens. Kahoolawe. BY PURCHASE. Feather cloak, feather cape. Hawaiian Ids. (21,094), 11,095) Polishing stone, knife or file, gouge, 9 adzes, 5 slingstones, stone sinker, poi-pounder, 5 ulumaika. Oahu. (11,097-11,II7) Seven paddle clubs, 1 sword club, 4 spears, 9 javelins (Figs. 1 and 2), 3 fighting stones, hair belt, jade adze, 2 basalt adzes (Fig. 3), 2 combs (Fig. 4), 5 shell necklaces, 5 fly whisks, 3 fans (Fig. 4), 3 fringed skirts, 2 wreaths, 9 canoe models. Niué. (ir 5n26—rr oo) Spatula. New Guinea. (11,189) Flax dress. New Zealand. (11,190) Adze. Hawaii. (CRE srg) BS ip BY LOAN. G. P. Cook, Molokai. (L,599-613) Adze, stone disk, hammer, 2 squid-hook sinkers, 5 ulumaika, bait cup, adze, 2 squid-hook sinkers, fishing-stone. Molokai. George O. Cooper, Maui. (1887) Wooden idol (Figs. 5 and 6). Hawaii. Harry Gregson, Honolulu. (1.634) Stone throwing-club (Fig. 7). Hawaii. Edgar Henriques, Honolulu. (1635-886 ) Twelve ulumaika, 2 coral plummets, 6 slingstones, phallic stone, 2 stone mirrors, 5 poi-pounders (conical form), 1 poi- I. NIUE CLUBS AND FIGHTING STAVES. Director's Annual Report. I on pounder (ring form), 1 breadfruit-pounder, 5 pestles, 7 adzes, chisel, 3 polishing-stones, hammer, kapuahi kuni, 2 lamps, stone cup, 12 squid-hook sinkers, idol, 2 pieces pummice, polishing- stone made from grindstone, 20 tapa mallets (ie kuku), 2 tapa mallets (ie hohoa), 4 wooden clubs, ivory club, fishing-stick, 38 2. NIUE PIKE AND JAVELIN POINTS. tapa-liners, 27 tapa-stamps, 2 olona scrapers, adze of shell, eye gouge, 2 ukeke, boar-tusk bracelet, 3 fish-hook shanks, net- spacer, 6 tobacco pipes, ivory plummet, 2 massage sticks, 2 puili, 5 bead necklaces, 2 shell necklaces, 3 ivory and glass bead neck- laces, 2 ivory bead necklaces, 2 lei niho palaoa, 2 niho palaoa, small tooth partly worked, 3 spittoons (Fig. 8), 3 finger bowls (Fig. 8) 3 fish plates, 2 meat plates, 18 poi bowls, double poi ‘SHZGQV HQIN ‘f ‘apryq opel ‘19T‘Il ‘ON ‘Sopryq yeseq ‘Cgi‘1l pu zgr‘II ‘SON ‘SdINOD GNV SNVA HOIN ‘PL WO3SO0W doHSi8 a 8 Front. Back. 5 AND 6. HAWAIIAN IDOL. LOANED BY MR. GEO. O. COOPER. ‘NOSOHUD AUUAVH ‘UW AM GHNVO'I “ANOS AO AN’ID-ONI'IS NVIIVMVH ‘L "\seD *TRUISLIQ) ys" ‘SHNOINNHH UVOCH “UW AG GHNVO’!L *100}}1dS ‘dOOM fO STISNH IA NVIIVMVH ‘9 [Mod TasulLy ‘SHOOINNUH UVOGH “MW AM GHNVO’L ‘“NVIIVMVH “IMO 10d AIANOd “6 Upper surface. Lower surface. 10 AND II. HAWAIIAN SLED OF BREADFRUIT WOOD. LOANED BY MR. EDGAR HENRIOQUE List of Accessions. 23 bowl (Fig. 9), sled (Figs. 10 and 11), 2 baskets, fish-line con- tainer, 4 combs, 5 ivory bracelets, kukui nut bracelet, 5 shell bracelets. Hawaiian Ids. Walter D. McBryde, Kauai. (L631, 632) Two stone heads of clubs. Hawaiian Ids. D. Thaanum, Hilo. (1620-630) Two ulumaika, 3 sinkers, 2 stone lamps, adze, 2 kapuahi kuni, dish or mortar. Hawaiian Ids. William Wagener, Hawaii. (1614-619) Lei niho palaoa, 2 tobacco pipes, fish-hook, poi bowl, pestle. Hawaiian Ids. OTHER DEPARTMENTS. C.N. Forbes. Collection. (ril.276)) Lava mould. Lanai. Purchase. Criy Ome: shoe) Three jars reptiles, 3 bird eggs. Niué. ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. BY EXCHANGE. ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia: South Australian branch.— Proceedings, xii-xiv. South Australian Museum.—Report, Ig1I-1912. AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS. Amherst College Library.—Hunting extinct animals in the Patagonian pampas, by F. B. Loomis. New York, 1913. BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. Johns Hopkins University.—University Circular, 1912, 1-10; 1913, I-9. Maryland Geological Survey.—Devonian. 1913. BARCELONA, SPAIN. Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona.—Boletin, iii, 4.—Memorias, x, 13-23.—Nomina del personal Academico, IQI2-19T3. 24 Director's Annual Report. BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. University of California.—Publications: American archeology and ethnology, x, 5.—Botany, iv, 15-19; v, 3-5.—Pathology, ii, 11- 14.—Physiology, iv, 18.—Zoology, ix, index and title; x, 9, 10, index and title; xi, 3-11; xii, 1-3.—Chronicle, xiv, index and title; Xv, I-4.—Eight pamphlets on experimental biology and medicine. BERLIN, GERMANY. Anthropologische Gesellschaft.— Zeitschrift, xliv, 5, 6; xlv, 1-3. BERNE, SWITZERLAND. Berne Historisches Museum.—Jahresbericht, 1912. Boston, MASSACHUSETTS. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. — Proceedings, mlvaid, T4-o1- seh. 1-10, Boston Public Library.—Bulletin, v, 4; vi, 1-3.—Annual re- POLE, TOL2-LOrs- Boston Museum of Fine Arts.—Annual report, 1912.—Bulle- tins, Or-67. BRISBANE, QUEENSLAND. Royal Society of Queensland.—Proceedings, xxiv.—Mem- OES) i: BROOKLYN, NEw YORK. Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences.—An- nualreport, 1912:——seience Bulletin) a1; 1, 2: BuENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Museu National.—Anales, xxiii. BUITENZORG, JAVA. Jardin Botanique.—Series I, ii-xx, xxii; series II, 1x-xii. CaLcuTra, INDIA. Asiatic Society of Bengal.—Journal and Proceedings, Ixxiii, patt 1, title and index; Ixxiv, 2; 3;) lxxv, 1, 2; mew Senies) miei and index; iii, 5-10, title and index; iv, 1-4, extra number; vi, 12, extra number, title and index; vii, 4-11, extra number; vili, 1-10. —Memoirs, ii, title and index; iii, 2-7; iv, 1.—Index to numis- matic supplements i-xvi. Allahabad, 1912.—Index te rare coins, etc. Allahabad, 1912.—Asiatic sea-fishing, by Travis Jenkins. List of Accessions. 25 Indian Museum.—Annual report, 1911-1912.—Echinoderma, vii.—Records, iv, 10, title and index; vi, index; vii, 1-5; vili, 1, uv 2; ix, I, 2.—Memoirs, iii, 3. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. Harvard University Library.—Report, 1912. Museum of Comparative Zoology.—Bulletin, lili, title and eaMmbents: liv, 16, 17, 19-27, title and contents; Iv, 2; lvii,; 1— Memoirs, x | 3 3 = ual es 1914 g St ay tes 2 A z = co | es P= | E | oo = = o g ra tf a oS | = = & a a ® is | ° aS o = o > iS) 5 jen} ies S tad © = < - TAnUarys wile so Leeesoe: 6938 | 119 | 59 241 338. | 74 | 93 | 6.1) 1,519 | | Iitloiithay “aqdacancodcenoas 1278 418 204 | 257 | 392 | 88 21 | 125.6 2,637 | | MATCH cect cee cae eee 858 194 | 7 110 166 28 22 | 64.9] 1,427 | | | | Ril eee NSE ee ee | 658 | 158 | 67 | 161| 244] 42| 91 | 68.1] 1,325 MEV A ete em eriensesioet 478 96 72 98 | 583 44 21 | 63 1,321 AUTIMLGY otceGNO ence came 509 180 75 990 etn) a9 92 | 47.4] 1,042 Tiulivaterc sites sche etoccines | 847 | 92 | 55 | 122 | 1.28) 19) || 20 iG 0e2e eetezbe Irs ee | 583} 1389 | 54] 218 144| 28| 92] 53. | 1,166 | September ........0s0.0++« 610| 178| 46) 109| 146| 43) 21) of | d)182 Octobeneereneeencere ros | 604 150 89 | 81 235 37 93 | 47.7 | 1,096 | (OVI YAP SocoposoAsanoadS | 388 | 69 57 | S4 118 | 26 20 37.2 742 IME CEMIUD EI eletctelstelcieistelenereiele 452 212 | 25 91 118 5 21 43. 903 Totals .................. 7,853 | 2,005 | 874 | 1,671 | 2,727 | 448 | 258°] 60.4 | 15,573 | | | The Curator of Botany, Mr. Charles N. Forbes, reports as follows: ‘Very little field work has been done this year, and nearly the whole time has been spent in the Herbarium. ‘The whole col- lection, including the duplicates, has now been poisoned with mercuric bichloride, and I am glad to report that the Herbarium is free from all insects. Much time was spent in mounting, classi- fying and studying the specimens; some time has been spent on a card reference index to the Hawaiian Flora; several field trips have been made on Oahu in connection with ecological studies. Owing to the difhculty of preserving specimens from insects I am not keeping a large stock of duplicates of Oahu plants, as it is better to get them on demand. ‘This accounts for the smaller number of specimens added in comparison to other years when the collecting was on other islands. [46] Director's Annual Report. 7 ‘“The following specimens have been added to the Herbarium during 914: Miss J. E. Tilden, Pacific islands plants (by purchase)......-.-.-.---- 700 oe, (Ge (Ce WMitiiive. IDENT. Socoon ooGd 6 coaomoUSE odo ouEDE cocSagodc ode duonES Ioo Mr. C. K. McClelland, U. S. Experiment Station...................--. 12 Vir eA eID Ce Walston Ac © eT GL Gitrenensis eis lobe role ayo ck siiceteces wtevertel eves i Mereieve: shieue 6 eyelereretetersieve I MirseGwVieCookes Sewor Baldwins Elan alia fermaSios<-eleilielelslels oleeietale 49 OTT AO HAST CO WE CELO IS: O1ls O alla Ura rctorene sci eners)<)errevetavercyetioresueptsyapche lsieve,cveevereusrsiicialsis 287 ARG FA Milt] O11 ier cere tetewre rach oie o.laie wo ¥el ors 1s] Steisy Sues Salers yskevs Siete he vere else eee) silane 1150 Dr. C. M. Cooke, Jr., Curator of Pulmonata, reports as follows: ‘‘For the year 1914 your Curator can report progress. This has been an exceedingly profitable and busy year, and more speci- mens have been catalogued than in any previous year. “Sixty-eight thousand nine hundred and fifteen (68,915) specimens were catalogued, distributed over two thousand nine hundred and ninety-four (2994) catalogue numbers. ‘There are at present in the Museum five collections (acquired either by gift or purchase) which are uncatalogued containing between fifty and seventy-five thousand shells belonging for the greater part to the genera Achatinella and Amastra. ‘Two trips to Molokai and one to Kauai were taken during the year and a great deal of valuable material was collected. On both of these islands particular attention was paid to fossil beds. Eight new beds were discovered on Kauai, two of which were in districts from which no material had previously been reported. A portion of the large collections of fossils made by Mr. Stokes at Koloa, Kauai, and on Niihau were catalogued during the year. The fossils from Niihau were especially interesting and show a very close relationship to those on Kauai. The fossils collected on Kahoolawe by Dr. Pilsbry, Messrs. Stokes and Forbes and your Curator were also catalogued, and a number of new species found among them, especially in the genus Leptachatina. ‘There are in the Museum at present between twenty and thirty lots of material, from as many different fossil beds, which are uncatalogued. Some [47] 8 Liirector’s Annual Report. of these lots are sorted, but in a number only the larger speci- mens have been picked out. I estimate that at least two hundred thousand shells are contained in these lots. “One of the most important finds of the year was made by Mr. Thaanum in the valley of Waimano, Oahu. It was a pocket of fossil earth, and the whole amount could not have been more thana bushel. Forty-two species of shells were found in this earth and there must have been originally thousands of shells contained init. Six new species of “xdodonta alone were found in this lot. Although some of the species are still found alive in the neighbor- hood of this deposit, the bulk of the species seem to be related more closely to those found at present on the Waianae Range than to those of the Koolau Mountains. ‘““The value of working out the species of these fossil beds cannot be overestimated. Dr. Pilsbry has shown, from his study of the Amastra that there is undoubtedly a possibility that at one time these islands were joined together. It is the hope of your Curator to carry on this study with the other genera of shells. The finding of these fossil beds, some of which are close to the seashore, proves that at one time the islands were wooded to the sea. Not only this, but by correlating the species of fossil shells found in these beds with the related living species and what is known of their habitats, I feel sure at some time we shall be able to know almost the exact character of the ancient forests which at one time covered these islands. ‘“‘On December 22, Mr. W. M. Giffard kindly presented to the Museum the collection of land shells made by his late brother. This collection contains the largest specimen of an Oahuan tree shell I have ever seen, and also a sinistral specimen of dchatinella lorata which is, as far as I know, unique. ‘Those from whom gifts have been catalogued are: Mrs. H. Waterhouse; Misses H. Hatch, A. T. Cooke and C. A. Cooke; Messrs. H. A. Pilsbry, D. Thaanum, I. Spalding, J. S. Emerson, [48] Director's Annual Report. 9 Aree jimdd, GP. Wilders (Cy A. Rice, WH. Rice, Jr., .A. Rice, F. Greenwell, .H. Hitchcock, W. A. Bryan, lL. A..Thurston, R. Peake, Gor. Cooke, ©. Sorenson, 1 rleming, J.-J; Goureia and W.G. Marshall; Masters Mott-Smith, Lindley, Paris, Weedon, Emerson, von Holt, H.andC.M.CookeIII. Over fifteen thousand of the specimens catalogued during the year were collected by Messrs. Stokes and Forbes of the Museum staff. ‘‘Among the noteworthy specimens added to our collections this year are: ‘“Succinea rubida Pease. This species has been found only twice since the time of Pease, as far as I know, and only three or four specimens have been taken. In June thirty-one specimens were found back of Wahiawa, Kauai, and the Museum has nowa fine series showing the different stages from rather young to the adult specimens. This species is quite rare in its natural habitat. The young appear, in the field, to belong to different species as the animals are light colored while those of adult specimens are of a dark slate. Many trips have been undertaken to Kauai in the hopes of finding this species and the related Succinea explanata. The latter, as far as I know, has not been found since it was taken by the United States Exploring Expedition. ‘Two new species related to Succ7nea, but undoubtedly con- stituting a new genus, were found'on Kauai in fossil deposits at Hanamaulu and Haena, Kauai. ‘These are the only species of the Succineidz which are umbilicated. ‘““A new species, which may belong to a genus new to these islands, was found on the coral bluffs near Koloa, Kauai. This species is related to the Opeas, an imported genus, the species of which are common inallour gardens. Evidence from the more mod- ern of the so-called fossil beds shows that at least one of the species of Op2as was originally brought here by the early Hawaiians. ‘The finding of Leptachatina fossilis at Mana, Kauai, is also worthy of mention. The type and what was formerly the only [49] fe) Director's Annual Report. specimen of this species is in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and is without locality. ‘On Oahu the fossil pocket found by Mr. Thaanum has been mentioned. The two most remarkable species are a large un- described species of Amastra and a species of -nxdodonta of an entirely new type. The latter may be the representative of a new sub-genus. ‘““Also from Oahu, Amastra antiqua and Amastra vetusta were rediscovered. ‘The original material was found by Dr. Lyons and described by Mr. Baldwin. Neither of these species was in the collection of the Museum until your Curator found them this year. Repeated search has been made to relocate the original beds, but so far unsuccessfully. The finding of both these spe- cies in new beds is interesting. ‘On Molokai Mr. Hitchcock found the base of what appeared to be an entirely new species of dmastra. ‘Three trips were taken in the hope of finding whole specimens, all of which were un- successful. In December Mr. G. P. Cooke sent to the Museum specimens which probably belong to this species, which is the largest species of land shell from any of our islands if we except Kauai; one specimen is nearly 40 mm. in length. ‘The monograph on the Hawaiian Endodontide has received considerable attention during the year and a portion of the manu- script has been written. One hundred and four forms have been photographed by Mr. Baker, and about forty additional forms will be illustrated. More than one hundred species and varieties of this interesting family are in our collection which are distributed over several hundred catalogue numbers. Mr. Sykes, in rgor, recognized only twenty-one species, and since then about ten have been added. Only nine species of this genus were collected by Mr. Perkins. ‘The work of finishing this monograph will take con- siderable time, as hardly a month passes without the finding of some new and interesting variety or species.”’ [50] Director's Annual Report. II Mr. J. F. G. Stokes, Curator of Polynesian Ethnology, reports as follows: ‘“Of our accessions the finest gift of the year was that of Mrs. Agnes H. B. Judd, who gave us the collection of the late A. Francis Judd, chief justice of the supreme court, which had been here on loan deposit for fourteen years. ‘The most valuable specimen was the feather cape which at one time belonged to Kaumualii (described in Memoir I, p. 62). Another interesting specimen was a small to medium poi bowl of the unusual tall form, which was reputed to have belonged to Kalaimamahu, brother of Kamehameha I. ‘“‘Another generous donor was the Rev. W. D. Westervelt. For a long time past no annual list has appeared without this gentleman’s name appearing among the givers, in my department as well as in others of the Museum. During the year 1914 the Director recommended that appreciation of Mr. Westervelt’s in- terest be shown by the presentation by the Trustees of the Museum publications. This was approved and a formal presentation made in person by the Director and this Curator. The result was very surprising and unlooked for, as, in order to demonstrate his con- tinued good will towards the Museum, he stripped his house of almost all his remaining specimens and loaded up the car. ‘“The Museum has several good friends on the Molokai Ranch. The manager, Geo. P. Cooke, and assistant manager, James Munro, have both visited my room at the Museum and received what instruction I could give them in collecting. They have re- ceived further instruction in the field from the Curator of Pulmo- nata, whose investigations of the fossil beds have taken him through the regions inhabited by the old Hawaiians. These gentle- men and their friends have taken a real pleasure in gathering specimens for the Museum and have sent in large collections made independently and in company with the Curator of Pulmonata. ‘“‘Among the other gifts should be specially mentioned that of seventeen kapas from Kona, from Mrs. C. M. Cooke; piece of original hieroglyphic tablet from Easter Island, made by Mrs. [51] 12 Director's Annual Report. W. M. Giffard; and carved ceremonial paddle from Mangaia, made by Edward M. Brigham, Curator of the Public School Museum, Battle Creek, Michigan. Of the staff both the Curators of Pulmonata and of Botany have made contributions which will be mentioned later in describing the field work. ‘‘Of the purchases of the year by far the largest was the col- lection made by the brothers R. J. and Norman Etheridge of Sydney, numbering 416 specimens. This collection has been catalogued and temporarily placed in cases in the upper gallery of Hawaiian Hall. The Director will add a few notes on the more remarkable specimens. ‘‘A number of small purchases have been made of Hawaiian material. A very choice kapa of a pattern different to what we have in our colleétion, but figured on plate 37 of the Memoirs, Vol. III, was purchased from Mrs. J. H. Maby. Three hula ki’i, similar to the marionettes described by Dr. N. B. Emerson, were bought; also a lei claimed to have belonged to Kaumualii. An unusually large number of specimens of the plainer and less spectacular kind have been bought at the curiosity stores or at the door during the year, and the sellers have been encouraged to get more. By this means we have received two or three specimens absolutely new to us. ‘In the class of relics the Kapiolani Estate kindly presented us with a lot of material found in the palace at Kailua, Hawaii. Included were what was described as photographs of Kameha- meha IV and Queen Emma, which proved to be very choice por- traits in oil by Burgess in 1856. ‘“This Curator has taken but three trips into the field during the year. One, in company of the Curator of Botany, was made to a cave on Oahu which was full of loose and scattered skeletons; as the owner of the land was known to be very sensitive on the sub- ject of removing skeletons, they were examined but not disturbed. ‘‘Professor von Luschan was conducted over the sand dunes at Waimanalo, and a few fragments of skeletons found. This locality yielding poor returns, an expedition was planned to some dunes [52] Director's Annual Report. 13 on Lanai known to Mr. Wagener, and carried out with the permis- sion of the Lanaiagents. We were well satisfied with the results. ‘‘T might say here that I was in continual attendance on Pro- fessor von Luschan in the field and laboratory during the month of his visit. Coming direct from the centre of modern anthro- pological study, as he does, and being in fact the leader in the sub- ject, I received great benefit from the observation of his methods and the instruction he was ready toimpart. ‘There is one matter in which Professor von Luschan has demonstrated that we have been clearly derelict inourduty. Heexpected to find in a museum of this size and location, three thousand wel: authenticated Ha- walizn skulls. He found but fifty skulls all told, very few of which were Hawaiian. ‘These we have been content to gather as occasionally met with, expecting that at some future date the feel- ings of the present Hawaiians in regard to the gathering of their ancestors’ bones might be modified by time and education as in other countries.* The trips to Waimanalo and Lanai have fur- nished the Professor with an excellent subject on which to base his lectures for our benefit. The condition of the bones made it only too apparent that even in these dunes, composed of lime sand, each on the dry side of the respective islands (the most favorable locality for the preservation of bony material under ground), it would be only a very few years before the skeletons would be too decayed to be worth collecting. Hesays that we owe it to Science to gather as many authenticated Hawaiian skeletons as we can accommodate and store—at least five hundred—so that the record of the Hawaiian proportions will not be lost. ‘‘Considerable time has been given to the Kahoolawe collec- tion in seeking a satisfactory method of handling the subject, both in regard to cataloguing and description. ‘There have been pub- *In 1865 I was able to ship some five barrels of Hawaiian crania to Boston. Many of these were collected in the sand beyond Diamond Head; others in the sands of the isthmus of Maui. Fine specimens were in my collection and these were measured by Dr. Jeffries Wyman of Harvard University. I wish indeed I had as good a collection in this Museum.—W. T. B. [53] 14 Director's Annual Report. lished many articles on kitchen middens, which most nearly re- semble the Kahoolawe find, but in no case is the procedure appli- cable. Some attention has been given to the subject of the pzzko7, the Hawaiian throwing club, anda paper prepared. It was, how- ever, withdrawn to await further expected information. Some notes were handed to the Dire¢tor describing various specimens in the Henriques and other loan colle¢ctions.* THE HENRIQUES COLLECTION. The collection received on loan from Mr. Henriques con- sisted of 250 specimens, of native origin, enumerated in the list of accessions for 1914. This was but one-third in number of his entire collection, but included all the uniques and rare specimens. When aiding Mr. Henriques to catalogue his speci- meus, it was noted with pleasure that the wooden utensils, poi bowls, meat dishes, finger bowls, etc., retained their original native polish. So many of the Hawaiian wooden dishes in private hands have been spoiled (for museum purposes) by modern var- nish. ‘There was a remarkably large series of bambu kapa stamps and rulers, nearly all received from one old maker of kapa. One of the stamps had the pattern cut out from tortoise shell. Among the pounders was found one made of wood of the same shape and average size as the conical poi pounders of stone: this was used for the breadfruit poi. Wooden pounders are seldom seen; they were also used for pounding seaweed. ‘There was a basket of zeze root, examples of which, once common, are seldom seen now. A finger bowl 8.8 inches long, 7 wide and 3.3 deep, and a spittoon 8 inches in diameter and 3.2 deep (Fig. 1) show varia- tions which are worthy of special notice. The finger bowl has four straight sides, instead of the usual circular or oval form, and none of the corners are rectangular (Fig.1,@). ‘The spittoon has two well-made grooves around the outer rim (Fig. 1, 6). Both *These important notes came to hand too late to issue with the illustrations that had been prepared for the last annual report. They are inserted here with the proper illustration. [54] ‘NOILOATION SHOOLANHH ‘NOOLLIdS GNV IMOd YAONIA NVIIVMVH ‘I gd D 16 Director's Annual Report. have been in Mrs. Henriques’ family for many years, but the name of the original owner of the spittoon only has been retained: it is believed to have belonged to Kualii, king of Oahu, who died before 1730, according to Fornander (Polynesian Race, II, 280). It should be mentioned that the nucleus of this collection consisted of specimens and family heirlooms of Mrs. Henriques and her aunt, Miss Peabody, Hawalian ladies of high rank, who had inherited from their ancestors; and the collection has been in- creased many fold through the exertions of Mr. Henriques hims¢ If. Included also is the zzho palaoa (ivory hook, an emblem of rank) which has been handed down as the identical hook which Liloa, king of Hawaii, gave Akahiakuleana as a pledge and means of identification for their son Umi. ‘The story has been often told (Fornander, II, 74; Malo, 338; Tales of a Venerable Savage, 18). The name of the specimen, ‘‘ Nalukoki,’’ written by the late Queen Emma on a label is still adhering. The original surface has been removed (by filing probably) from both sides of the inner portion of the hook and the hole for suspension, but the rest of the speci- men retains the brilliant native polish. There is also the following unique specimen: a double poi bowl, 22.3 inches long (Fig. 2), goblet-shaped each half, and con- nected by a round bar, all carved from a single piece of wood; being cut across the grain the bar had not much strength and has been broken. ‘There is no history connected with the specimen except that it has been in the family for many years. The Director and Mr. Henriques suggest that it was a relic of the kapu period, when different sexes were prohibited from eating together; husband and wife could by this device eat out of the separate compartments and so observe the restriction. However, this explanation is not very satisfactory, as the sexes were generally prohibited from eat- ing in the same place, and even their food was required to be cooked in separate ovens (Malo, 50). Another suggestion has been made that the double bowl was probably used for breadfruit and kalo poi. [56] ‘NOLLIOWTIOND SHNOINNHH “IMOd 10d HIANOG NVIIVMVH ‘2 18 Director's Annual Report. A small adze of shell, length 1.8 inches, width 1, and thick- ness .2, with a rounded cutting edge following the contour of the shell, and made from a species of Conus,* is probably unique, as I cannot find that another has been reported in known collections. I have no doubt that it is of Hawaiian origin. Mr.J.S. Emerson, well posted in Hawaiian folklore, quoted to me this passage in a Hawaiian song, which seems to explain the origin of the adze: “He alahee ka koi o uka, He olé ka koi o kai.’’ This Mr. Emerson translates for me as, ‘‘The alahee (tree) fur- nishes the material for the adze inland, the olé (shell) for the adze at the seashore.’’ Another specimen, a heavy wooden fork with two broad, taper- ing tines (length 12.9 inches, of tines 8, width at crotch 4, points 2.6 apart at centres) is believed by the owner to have been used for gouging out the eyes of the human victims offered in sacrifice. The tines are the same distance apart as the middle of the aver- age native eyes. We have never found any reference to any in- strument for this purpose, however, although the following has been recorded concerning eye gouging. Malo (Emerson trans., p. 229), describing part of the ceremony of consecrating a /uakinz, said: ‘‘on this occasion Kahoalii (title of a man representing the god) ate an eye plucked from the man whose body had been laid as an offering on the lele, together with the eyes of the pig.’’ On the same matter Fornander wrote (Polynesian Race, I, 131): ‘“‘the left eye of the victim was offered to the presiding chief, who made a semblance of eating it, but did not.’’ Since the receipt of the Henriques fork I have learned of the existence of others of wood and hope to learn more of the subject when I can interview the owners. Another specimen, a sled or toboggan, made of breadfruit wood, is illustrated in Fig. 3, 4. It was built like the bow of a native canoe, with the upward curve of the prow ending in the usual finish called the 72w. Behind the ihu is a block correspond- *The texture, color and curvature of the adze seem identical with those of a specimen of cone which Dr. C. Montague Cooke has identified for me as C. guercinus Hwass. [58] N SLED OF BREADFRUIT WOOD. HENRIQUES COLLECTION. HAWATIA 3) 4- 20 Director's Annual Report. ing in position with the ma/u or wmalu, the dasher of the canoe. The dish-like body of the toboggan is nearly flat on the bottom and curves but slightly upward towards the edges where it rises more abruptly to the rim. The rim begins at the block and con- tinues along both sides to the rear end. ‘There is no rim across the rearend. ‘The total length is 44.8 inches, width 15.5, length of body 34.5, height of rim from bottom 1.5, thickness of bottom 1.2 in middle and .5 at rear; block 7.2 long and 3.5 high and wide. Through the neck, between the ihu and the umalu, two holes have been vertically cut (not drilled). At various points along the lower edge other holes have been cut obliquely (Fig. 4), one on either side near the middle, two on the left and one on the right near the end. ‘They were skilfully made on a slant so as not to interfere with the upper surface (Fig. 3). When the specimen was found there were heavy cords of braided coconut fibre attached through the perforations. The upper surface is smooth, but the lower has been much scratched and scored, as might result from dragging a heavy load over stones or gravel. ‘Toward the rear end this surface has been nearly worn through, the thickness having been reduced more thana half. All the cutting has been done with a blunt implement, and the specimen is undoubtedly ancient. It was found in 1905 in a cave at Hookena, Hawaii, together with a small surfboard of breadfruit wood and several stone implements. When found both toboggan and surfboard were impregnated with salt. Following the discovery, it was recollected by the older natives at Hookena (according toa brief article in the Commercial Adver- tiser, Dec. 6, t905) that their parents and grandparents had told them of a certain chiefess named Kaneamuna who lived at Hoo- kena in the time of Keawenuiaumi, king of Hawaii. Her princi- pal amusements were riding the surfboard and coasting down hill. It was also said that for the latter purpose she had a course built on a hill back of Hookena and a sled made. After her death her ‘sled and surfboard disappeared, and it was common belief that those found in the cave were hers. [60 | Director's Annual Report. 21 The ouly type of’sled previously known to us, is that with long, slender runners. This Museum possesses one in complete condition and runners for two more. Our completed specimen, received from the former Government Museum, consists of a pair of slender runners 11.5 feet long, 2.3 inches deep and 1 wide, set on edge, and kept in place—1.5 inches apart in front and 3 in rear (2.5 and 4 to centres )—by cross braces lashed to the runners at intervals of about 11 inches. On the braces is placed a platform of wood, bambu and matting, 4 inches wide, covering the runners except three feet infront. The total height is 4.7 inches.* Another pair of runners in the Museum collection is two feet longer, but otherwise identical with those of the complete specimen. All the runners are made of a very hard, durable wood. The sliding was done on steep hillsides on a course made by clearing a track ten to twenty feet wide and covering this with dry grass. In some places the course was paved or built up with stone and covered in the same way. Remains of both kinds may still be found. The sport was exclusively for men of chiefly rank, who occasionally came to their death thereby. When sliding they lay full length on the sled and the skill required may be judged from its width. Women did not follow this sport, although they were very expert on the surfboard. I do not know if the all-pervading kapu system was the reason, but corpulence was a point of female beauty among the old Hawaiians, which would naturally make this sled unpopu- lar with the sex. I can find but one reference to a woman essay- ing the feat (Ellis, Tour Through Hawaii, London, 1827, p. 291), where Pele, the female Vulcan, appeared in human form and challenged a chief on Hawaiitoarace. ‘‘Pele, less acquainted with the art of balancing herself on the narrow sledge than her 25) rival, was beaten.... An expected result of such an unbecom- ing attempt on the part of a woman. *This sled was found in a burial cave in Puna, Hawaii, by the late Rufus Lyman and by him given to King Kalakaua, from whom it came to the Goy- ernment Museum. It is the most perfect specimen known. [61] NO bo Director's Annual Report Returning to the Henriques specimen, we get some light on the use of the toboggan from the fact that under the ancient system women of certain high rank were not permitted to walk—they were carried. Itseems to me that this specimen may well have been the private car of some chiefess who preferred this mode of traveling. In support of this: I would refer to the position of the side ropes placed so as not to interfere with the seating space; the number of ropes, indicating that numerous retainers were at command, and their arrangement, such that the toboggan could be perfectly con- trolled and so avoid an accident that might upset the august person- age or cause herdiscomfort. Were the toboggan intended for human couveyance the position naturally taken would be a seat, cross- legged or otherwise, with the weight of the body on the rear end of the sled and the block asa brace for the feet. The excessive wear on the under surface at this place indicates such a probability. The precautions taken and the number of men required would hardly be necessary, and the wear on the under surface would have been more evenly distributed were the sled used for the transportation of freight. The fact that the toboggan was impregnated with salt, and its resemblance to the bow of a canoe savors more of the sea than the hills; the presence of salt would be accounted for if one use of the sled was to carry Kaneamuna to and from the ocean; it was stated that surf riding was one of her amusements. The use of any sled by a woman must have been a departure from custom which was sufficiently novel to impress it on the memory of fourteen generations, but it could not have become general among women, or there would have been no comment at all. The use of a sled of this type must have been an isolated case, or infrequent, or it would hardly have escaped attention so long. I cannot but be- lieve that the tradition refers to the Henriques specimen. THE GREGSON SPECIMEN. An interesting specimen has been loaned by Mr. Harry Gregson (Fig. 5). It is of heavy, laminated basalt. The bulb- ous end is fairly evenly divided into four lobes by broad, shallow [62] ‘NHWIDHdS NOSOHUD AHL °“S 24 Director's Annual Report. grooves. On the bottom the middle of one groove seems to have been slightly deepened by a sharp implement in one or two spots, but as all cuts run in the same direction as the grain of the stone, they may only be the result of the peculiar chipping of the material. Otherwise the pittings clearly show that the specimen was shaped by pecking. ‘The smaller end is flat and wide, is perforated and has two notches on each edge for cord. The process of making the hole differed somewhat from the usual drilling through from both sides. In this specimen depressions were pecked on both sides to about one-third of the depth, and the rest drilled. The depression on one side occupies nearly the whole width of the end. Drilling a hole through stone is an advance on the pecking method, and it would seem that the specimen was completed by a different worker than the one who began it. It is 6.6 inches high, 3.9 wide, 3.3 thick, and weighs 3 pounds 14 ounces. When found by Mr. Gregson in a cave in North Kohala, Hawaii, in rg0o, it was attached to an olona cord 30 inches long and about a third of aninch thick. The cord was of four-ply twist, not braid, which after being run twice through the hole was divided into strands which passed along the grooves at the edge, level with the hole, and tightened in the channels separating the lobes. The cord was so decayed that it fell to pieces when the specimen was found, but Mr. Gregson said that the free end was finished off, not cut. ‘The short and heavy cord and the weight of the stone suggest a form of canoe breaker, such as described by Dr. Brig- ham in his essay on Hawaiian Stone Implements (Memoirs I, 341). Mr. Gregson said it was an ikoi for tripping up and striking a man. Continuing Mr. Stokes’ report with the LIST OF ETHNOLOGICAL ACCESSIONS. Bruce Cartwright, Jr., Honolulu. (B 382) Section of unusual form of stone pounder. Oahu. John F. Colburn, Honolulu. (B 144) Fish-god. Oahu. D. L. Conkling, Honolulu. (B 154) Model of Hawaiian sled. Mrs. C. M. Cooke, Honolulu. (11,716-11,832) Seventeen sheets of kapa. Hawaii. [64] List of Accessions. 25 Dr. C. Montague Cooke, Honolulu. (B 112) Human skull. Oahu. Geo. P. Cooke, Molokai. (11,750-11,818) Grindstone, lamp, tally stone, 6 stone hammers, grindstone fragment, 12 adzes, 33 ulumaika, 12 stone sinkers, slingstone, stone pestle. Molokai. Mrs. Walter M. Giffard, Honolulu. (B 444-447) Ringed stone lamp. Oahu.—Portion of hieroglyphic tablet. Rapanui.—Two bobbins. South America. Mrs. Agnes H. B. Judd, Honolulu. (B 130-142) Feather cape (described in Memoirs, I, p. 62; B. P. B. M.). Kauai.—Feather lei, 8 umeke (one of which belonged to Kalaima- mahu), finger bowl, spittoon, meat dish. Hawaiian Islands. A. F. Judd, Honolulu. (B 143) Stone knife. Hawaiian Islands. Mrs. Henry Waterhouse. (11,840) Ulumaika. Hawaiian Islands. Benjamin I,. Marx, Honolulu. (11,839) Slingstone. Oahu. James Munro, Molokai. (11,841-11,960) Nine stone hammers, pestle, pounder, 11 sinkers, 27 ulu- maika, tally stone, kapuahi kuni anaana, 2 grindstone fragments, 17 adzes, drill point, 3 shells for squid hooks, stone hammer, skull, skeleton, 14 kapa mallets, rubber or polisher, scraper or file, 22 fish hook files, artefact of coral, 9 coral chips, 2 bone fish hook chips, Echinus species. Molokai. Edward M. Brigham, Curator Public School Museum, Battle Creek, Mich. (B 305) Small carved ceremonial adze. Mangaia. Charles S. Rose, Sheriff of Honolulu. (B 205) Human skull. Honolulu. Rev. W. D. Westervelt, Honolulu. (11,707-11,714, B 418-443, B 448-454) Nine adze handles, 3 breadfruit cutters, shelladze. Marshall Islands.—Four-pronged sword, string shell and coconut money, pandanus-leaf satchel. Gilbert Islands.—Coir satchel; head, ear, neck and arm ornaments; coir sling, fish spear. Caroline Ids.— Six paddles. Micronesia.—Shell adze. Marquesas.—Fish-god [65] 26 Director's Annual Report. 4 sinkers, muller, 2 pounders, stone lamp, stones for playing konane, 2 slingstones, medicine pounder, ulumaika, olona board. Hawaiian Ids. BY COLLECTION AND GIFT. Ceo. .G, Pe-and RAS Cooke: (B 254-266) Four stone hammers, drill point, 2 adzes, 6 shells for squid hooks. Molokai. C. M. and G. P. Cooke and James Munro. (B 267-277) Stone hammer, iron head of whale lance, iron knife blade, 2 iron fish hooks, 5 sinkers, 4 nodules of iron ore. Molokai. CoM:andrG, see Cooke: (B 284-285) Adze, ulumaika. Molokai. C. M. Cooke, C. M. Cooke III and Harrison Cooke. (B 293-304) Sinker, 9 stone hammers, adze, ulumaika. Mclokai. C. Montague Cooke. (B 286-292) Two stone hammers, 4 adzes, sinker. Molokai. Cooke and Forbes. (B 246-253) Pounder, ulumaika, hammer, piece of grindstone, stopper of wiliwili wood, large sinker or anchor. Oahu. Forbes, Thompson and Gill. (B 155-156) Two human skulls. Oahu. Forbes and Stokes. (11,837-11,838) Poi bowl, ivory bead. Oahu. von Luschan, Stokes, Wagener, Perryand Penchula. (B157-204) Fifteen skeletons (more or less complete), 18 skulls, 6 mandi- bles, 2 squid hook shells, bone squid hook point, bone artefact, perforated boar’s tusk, niho palaoa of shell. Lanai. von Luschan and Stokes. (B 206-208 } Two skeletons (fragmentary), portions of skull. Oahu. John F. G. Stokes. (11,819-11,820) Stone hammer, sinker. Oahu. BY PURCHASE. Hight ulumaika, 2 polishers, 4 adzes, sinker, shell ornament, slingstone or spinning top. Oahu. (11,733-11,749) Pillow, adze. Hawaiian Islands. (11,834-11,835) [ 66 | List of Accessions. 25 Grindstone, adze, tongue for reversible adze, polishing stone, wooden pounder, ring poi pounder, 6 conical poi pounders, 4 pestles, 2 mortars, stone dish, pohaku eho, 7 stone lamps, olohu, 4 ulumaika, 8 sinkers, 3 slingstones, 2 olond scrapers, 3 kapa mallets, laau melomelo, squid hook, iron fish hook (native form), stone idol, calcite ornament, sinker, wooden dagger, wooden kapa stamp, piece of kapa. Hawaiian Islands.—Wooden drum, 2 meat hangers. Fiji. (11,961-12,020) Mystic stone. Oahu. (2-02) Fish hook file, stone knife, 2 adzes, 2 sinkers, ulumaika, stone lamp. Oahu. (B 145-153) Lei niho palaoa that belonged Kaumualii. Kauai. (B 220) Three hula ki’i (man, woman and boy). Oahu. (B 221-223) Adze, olohu, 2 pounders, 3 ulumaika. Kauai.—Pohaku ahu aina, kuula manani, kuula humuhumu, kuula nenue, pohaku aho, pohaku mou. Oahu. (B 224-236) Pohaku hana palu na Hulaaniani. Hawaii. (BY 237) Sinker, 3 stone lamps, 3 ulumaika. Hawaiian Ids. (B 238-244) Ulumaika, slingstone, massage stone, pounder. Hawaiian Islands. (B 383-386) Kapa, Hawaiian. (B 387) Broken feather lei, feather lei just begun, 3 tufts of feathers, bracelet bead. Hawaiian Ids. (B 388-393) Two ulumaika, pounder, sinker, stone pillow, polisher, squid hook shell, mat stone. Hawaiian Ids. (B 394-401 ) Wooden carved bowl, head fringe, 2 porpoise-teeth necklaces, pair of ear ornaments. Marquesas. (B 402-406 ) Two poi pounders, poi board. Hawaii. (B 410-411, 407) Ulumaika. Hawaiian. (B 409) Two poi pounders, 2 adzes, kapa mallet, mat stone. Oahu. (B 412-417) Melanesian and other collections of Norman and Robert J. Etheridge of Sydney, N.S. W.:— (11,290-11,716) Four mats, cordage, g fish hooks, shell necklet, human hair necklet. Marshall Ids. Girdle or money, basket, skirt. Gilbert Ids. Two baskets. Horne Ids. Mat. Tonga. Three stone axes. New South Wales. [67] No CO Director's Annual Report. Sixteen arrows, bow, 8 bone lime spoons, paddle, 4 head fringes, comb, 4 nose ornaments, 10 necklets, 2 gorgets, 3 armlets, 15 bangles, 2 belts, head rest, shuttle, lime pot and spatula, 4 drums, 3 coconut spoons, 7 knitted bags, 9 kapas, lime gourd, basket. British New Guinea. Ceremonial club, drum, food bowl, 2 armlets, 11 lime spatu- las, 6 stone axes, stone kapa beater, 2 lime pots, 3 saw-edged clubs, 2 flat clubs. ‘Trobriand Ids. Arm ring, obsidian knife, lime gourd. Admiralty Ids. Gourd musical instrument, 8 frontlets. New Britain. Two chalk figures. New Ireland. Shell trumpet, 3 lime boxes, 4 combs, necklace, chief’s stom- acher, 10 stone axes, 13 grass armlets, 5 shell armlets, ear orna- ment, 2 shell charms, gourd top, 2 fans, 2 combs, basket, food dish, coconut scraper, nut food, 2 tobacco pipes, fish call, 24 arrows, 2 bows, 4 spears, shield, model of warrior. Solomon Ids. Arrows, rod, ceremonial club, breast ornament, 2 armlets, woven wrapper, 2 woven bags. Santa Cruz Ids. Yam knife, 5 strings of money, 2 kava bowls, basket. Banks Islands. Six clubs, 4 yam pounders, yam dish, 2 pig-killing clubs, food ladle, 4 food dishes, 5 food platters, 7 kava platters, kava bowl, 2 turtle-shell kava dishes, 6 strings native money, 4 armlets, 4 belts, 2 hair ornaments, chief’s cap, 4 initiation disks, 3 yam knives, nautilus-shell drum, 4 pandean pipes, matted bag, hair pin, 6 spears, chief’s staff, atua, stone axe, 3 clay pots, scraper of bird bone. Espiritu Santo, N. H. Two arrows, 2 loin cloths. Aoba, N. H. Four loin cloths, 3 clubs, 2 stone dolls, stone axe, native money. Pentecost Id., N. H. Nine clubs, 4 bows, 70 arrows, ceremonial club, spear, 14 prepared heads, skull, human figure in wood, face mask, 2 coiled wooden bangles, 13 armlets, matted bag, shell adze, charm, 7 belts, . 4 loin cloths. Malekula Id., N. H. Two clubs, 2 male figures, wooden face mask, 2 masks, 2 strings of money, armlet, two skirts, sleeping mat, 3 stone axes. Ambrym Id., N. H. [68 ] List of Accessions. 29 Four armlets, 2 adzes. Paama Id., N. H. Club: Tongariki, NH. Two clubs. Eromanga Id., N. H. Eight armlets, coiled wooden bangle, 2 charms, sling, matted bag, pandean pipe. Tanna Id., N. H. Two charms. Aneiteum Id., N. H. Matted bas. ValuaId:, N. He Ceremonial head dress, 12 armlets, money, skirt, matted bag, adze, food scraper. New Hebrides. A FEW NOTES ON SOME OF THE MORE NOTEWORTHY SPECIMENS IN] DEES COLL ECON BY Wiis es BRIG EACLE. Among the drums is one much smaller than usual but of good workmanship, shown in Fig. 6, No. 11,386. The wood is a dark, rather heavy wood; the interior well bored, slightly flaring toward the base which is open. ‘The membrane is of snake or lizard skin, well worn, attached by many folds of vegetable fibre. Wings on either side seem to have been intended for attaching feathers; each is pierced by six holes drilled from each side. The handle is carved from the same block. ‘The upper and lower thirds of the drum still show the cuts of the tool that formed them, while the middle section is much smoother. In playing on the drum a not unpleasant sound is produced by striking with the back of the finger nails, and it is louder than would be expected from the small size of the drum. Of the carved spatulas (Fig. 7), the wood is the same as the drum. ‘The handle is for use evidently as well as for the display of ornament. In No. 11,398 it is formed by two human figures, one above the other in totem-pole style, the upper one being slightly smaller, but of the identical pattern. The cutting is deep under the chin separating the arms and hands, and in the same way the legs are completely separated. ‘The heads are peculiar: the eyes circular cuts without pupils; the nose long and continu- ing the line of the forehead, while the mouth is almost invisible in the lower chin; both toes and fingers are wanting. ‘The total length is 17.5 inches. Of the same style is the larger spatula, No. 11,399, which measures 24.2 inches, but the two men forming the handle are placed back to back, and there is a side ornament on the stem [69] 6. CARVED DRUM. — | 7. CARVED SPATULAS FROM THE TROBRIAND IDS. 32 Director’s Annual Report. reminding one of the closed blade of a penknife. Both this and the previous example seem too large for lime spatulas. No. 11,397, the upper middle figure has the same two men for handle, but their bodies are very attenuated; the workmanship is coarser, but the implement is better suited for a lime spatula, as it is only 8.2 inches long. No. 11,393 has a handle of very different form, simply-of four wings which can easily be grasped with four fingers; its length is 11.6 inches. These seem to be 8. BELT OF BARK, NEW GUINEA. made in the Trobriand Islands, and from there distributed largely in trade. Papuans, like many other savages, depend largely on belts, even if only of cord, to indicate whether the abdominal region is extending beyond the fashionable bounds, and the present speci- men, No. 11,356, from the Gulf region of New Guinea would seem a very sufficient compressor. It is made of bark, well incised, the pattern being emphasized by the lime background: the name is kava or kaba. ‘The width is 5.5 inches, and the circumference 1 of the belt when worn is 28 inches. [72] List of Accessions. 26 In the New Hebrides the yam is as much a staple food as the kalo of the Hawaiians, and much labor is expended on the appa- ratus for its preparation. The yam dish shown in Fig. 9 is of average size and superior workmanship. ‘The terminal handles seem to be liked by the New Hebrideans, as many of the other dishes are so provided, as seen in Fig. 11. The pounders shown in Fig. 10 are all tapering and more or less ornamented with carv- ing. ‘The dish is very heavy and the wood rather hard. It is from the Kitia district of Santo, as the residents generally call Espiritu Santo (Australia del Espiritu Santo as named by Quirds). The island is 75x40 miles and rises to a height of 4000 feet. Like most of the New Hebrideans the inhabitants were cannibals, and some are still inclined that way. We have in the Museum tro- phies of their cannibal feasts. Fig. 11 shows some types of dishes of curious form, clumsy but not easily broken, more like a scoop than a dish; the last in the row with a channel at the end as if for pouring gravy. The numbers are in order, 11,518, 11,519, 11,520. ‘The length of the longest is 21.5 inches. A very interesting set of platters is shown in Fig. 12. ‘These come to us labelled kava dishes and the patina on the wood sus- tains the name, but their form is flat so that they could hardly be called: saucers. Some, as 11,533 and 11,530, have a handle at opposite sides; one, 11,528, has a double handle at one end, and FHewLesk, Gul 527— Tis532. 11,536 and 19520, have to be content with one only. The size of these plates can be seen by the scale at the base of the group. The New Hebridean pottery has been noted through the sur- rounding islands as a desired article of barter, and the latakias are often heavily laden with the product of the Espiritu Santo kilns. We have in this Museum several pots of good form and hard material but none so elaborately decorated; the quality of strength is, however, wanting in this bowl (Fig. 13). In the Etheridge collection are several other examples, none that have apparently been tested by use. The two adzes from Paama are armed with portions of a shell, apparently a large volute, and are numbered 11,667 and 11,668. The carving is of the same design in both, but one has two masks OCCASIONAL PAPERS B.P.B.M. VOL. VI, No. 2.—3. 73] 9. YAM DISH AND POUNDER. Io. YAM POUNDERS. II. WOODEN DISHES FROM SANTO, N. H. 12. KAVA DISHES FROM ESPIRITU SANTO. 13. POTTERY BOWL FROM ESPIRITU SANTO. I4. SHELI, ADZES FROM PAAMA, N. H. Last of Accessions. 39 on the handle, the other only one; the lashings of both are volumi- nous and neatly wound, but while the second has a rounded and p2rfectly usable handle, the first and more elaborately carved one has a very angular handle that suggests usage merely ceremonial. The little island Paama in the channel between the volcanoes Ambrym and Api, with the larger Malekula not far to the west, is well adapted for a trade centre. Fig. 14. From the Kiriwina group are certain weapons perhaps cere- monial, for they hardly seem equal to a real fight; perhaps the serrate ones are reminiscent of the shark-teeth armature of Gilbert and other groups. The workmanship is rather poor, although better in the flat No. 11,413 (third in illustration). The serrate ones are numbered 11,412, 11,411 and 11,410. The longest speci- men in Fig. 15 is 26 inches. The common Ambrym or Malekula club with arm sling is in most large museums, but the present specimens (Fig. 16) are of better finish than common. No. 11,600 with the sling from Malekula, and 11,651 from Ambrym are beau- tifully made and polished. A collection from this region of the Pacific without face masks would be questionable, and we have in Fig. 17 one ot the least horrid in this collection. It is from Malekula, a district famous for cannibalism, of which the mouth gives an impression, but the high forehead and quiet eyes seem to add respectability to the diet. As the masks were generally used in religious dances they were often of flimsy construction and were destroyed at the end of the ceremonial for which they were constructed; but the present one is carved in wood, and with paint and no gum to distort the outline it would stand repeated usage. The very conspicuous two-horned head dress of the image shown in Fig. 18 makes it doubtful whether it should be classed with human or divine beings; the nose and eyes are divine in the New Hebridean idea, while the head dress and mouth are rather human. ‘The treatment of the upper arm constricted by a tight armlet is well marked; so is the belt; there are bracelets, and the fingers are indicated folded on an empty stomach. The sexual attributes have been partially amputated, and the legs are strongly suggestive of elephantiasis; the toes are long and in full number, and the heels are decidedly African. On the whole [79] 15. KIRIWINA WEAPONS. 16. CLUBS FROM AMBRYM AND MALEKULA. di tll ‘ BISHOP MUSEUM. I7. MASK FROM MALEKULA, N. H. 18. FIGURE FROM MALEKULA. 2 = ig n > = a i) x a o a fs SANTO. M ESPIRITU ATUA FRO 19. 20. ATUA FROM ESPIRITU SANTO, PROFILE. 46 Director's Annual Report. the human attributes are probably in the majority; but then, the gods of Olympus were at times very human! The extreme height is 38 inches. The last specimen in this interesting collection to which I shall call attention is a well-carved figure in such an opisthotonic pos- ture as to suggest that it was a boat figure or figure head. The closed eyes, however, militate against that theory, and except through the large ear borings (the right-hand one is broken away) there seems no means of attaching the uncomfortable figure to any support. ‘There is, however, a portion of fresh cut surface between the shoulder blades which may be the place from which a cleat has been broken or removed. ‘The buttocks are prominent, but the coccygeal process is prolonged into a rudimentary tail. The wide-spread legs (in one the thigh, in the other the lower leg is longer) would perhaps be the posture of a dance, but the closed eyes—altogether the chubby and rather attractive figure is a puzzle. The fingers are well done and the nails are very distinct; the right thumb and a portion of the adjoining forefinger have been broken off. The small determined mouth contrasts strangely with the enlarged nostrils: if the hair is intended it can only be wool, No, 11,572, from Bie Bay. xxxi1 (0B), 30. xxxii(©), 5-1ae DUNEDIN; NEw ZEALAND. Otago University Museum.—Annual Report, 1913. Given by the Curator. EDINBURG, SCOTLAND. Royal Society of Edinburgh.—Proceedings, xxxili, 4; xxxXiV, rand 2. FLORENCE, ITALY. Sociéta Italiana di Antropologia.—Archivio per 1’ Antropolo- gia e la Htnologia, xliii, 1-4; xliv, 1. [90] List of Accessions. 51 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND. Museo d'Histoire Naturelle. — Voyage scientifique dans l’Archipel Malais, ij, it. Institut Suisse d’Antropologie Générale.—Archives Suisses d’antropologie générale, i, 1, 2. Given by the Institute. GIESSEN, GERMANY. Oberhessische Gesellschaft fur Natur- und Heilkunde.—Ber- icht, i-v, 1904-1912. GoTHA, GERMANY. Petermanns Mitteilungen, current numbers. Purchased. HAMBURG, GERMANY. Museum fiir Volkerkunde.—Mitteilungen, iii, 1. Hamburg Kolonialinstitut.— Abhandlungen, x, xiv, xvii, xxvil. Given by the Hamburg Museum fur Volkerkunde. HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. National Association of Audubon Societies.—Bird Lore, xv, 6; xvi, 1-5. Given by the Association. Honolulu, HAwaltl. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry.—Divis- ion of Entomology: Bulletin, 3.—Hawaiian Forester and Agricul- finish, title and index to vols. iv;,;Vizvill; ix, 2;°5, 7; X;.X1, 1-3. From Trustees Bishop Estate, iii, 8; iv, 6, 8; vi, 3; vili, 5; 1x, title and index. Hawaiian Almanac and Annual, 1914. By purchase. Hawaiian Evangelical Association. — Annual Report, 1914. Also, 1895 in Hawaiian, given by Rev. Oramel Gulick. Hawaiian Gazette, 1882-1906, 1908, 1909. Given by Hon. W. O. Smith. Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.—Division of Agricul- ture and Chemistry: Bulletin, 42-44.—Planters Record, viii, 1913, given by Hon. S. M. Damon. Hawaiian Legislature. — Report of the Chief Justice, 1854, and of the Minister of the Interior, 1855. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. Hawaiian Territorial Government.—Governor’s Report, 1914. Given by the Government. Kamehameha Schools.—Register, 1913-1914. Mid-Pacific Magazine, vii; viil, 1-3, 5,6. 1914. [or] Director's Annual Report. On to Oahu College.—Catalogue, 1913-1914. Paradise of the Pacific, xxvii, 1914. Given by the editor. Polynesian, The: xviii-xix, Honolulu, 1861-1863. Given by Territorial Government. U. S. Agricultural Experiment Station. — Annual Report, 1913.—Bulletin, 30-35.—Press Bulletin, 45-47. U. S. Weather Bureau.—Reports: April, 1912; June, Aug.- Nov., 1913; Jan.-April, June-Nov., 1914. Given by the Bureau. KEw, ENGLAND. Kew Botanical Gardens.—Bulletin, 1910, 6; Index Kewensis, Supplementum, iv. Purchased. KILAUEA, HAWAII. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. by the Director. Bulletin, 11, 1-30. Given LANCASTER, PENN. American Anthropological Association.— American Anthro- pologist, xv, 3, 4; xvi.—Current Anthropological Literature, ii, 2, 4.) . burchased: LEIDEN, HOLLAND. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum.—Verslag van den directeur, I912-1913.—Katalog, viii, ix. Résultats de l’expédition néerlandaise a la Nouvelle-Guinée, Vin Sa Win ea VaitGs Seo ch m.. - Ietirehaceds LEIPZIG, GERMANY. Deutsche Ornithologische Gesellschaft.—Journal ftir Orni- thologie, Ixii. Purchased. Museum fur Volkerkunde.—Jahrbuch, rgr1-rg12. LISBON, PORTUGAL. Instituto de Anatomia e de Antropologia. Given by the Institution. Archivio, 1, 1912. LIVERPOOL, HNGLAND. Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.—Annals, vii, 4; viii, Isande2: LONDON, ENGLAND. Royal Anthropological Institute.—Journal, xlili, 2; xliv, 1. —Man, 1914. Purchased. [92] List of Accessions. 53 Horniman Museum and Library.—Handbook to the Library, 1912.—Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. Periodicals by purchase:— Nature, current numbers. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, current numbers. Journal of Botany, current numbers. Journal of Ecology, current numbers. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, current numbers. MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Bureau of Science.—Philippine Journal of Science: A (gen- eral science), viii, 4-6, title and index; ix, 1-3. B (medical sci- eee) viii, 6; ix, 1-4. © (botany), vill, 6; ix, 1-4: .D (general biology and ethnology), viii, 4-6; ix, I-3. Philippine Leaflets of Botany, Articles ror-112. Purchased. MELBOURNE, VICTORIA. National Museum.—Memoirs, i-v. Royal Society of Victoria.— Proceedings, xxvi, 2. MExIco, MExIco. Instituto Geologico de Mexico.—Parergones, iv, 2-10. MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. University of Minnesota.—Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, 122, 132-143.— Minnesota Botanical Studies, iv, 3.— Minnesota Plant Studies, v.—Miscellaneous, six pamphlets. NEUCHATEL, SWITZERLAND. Société Neuchateloise de Géographie.—Bulletin, vi, viii-xx1. MONACO, FRANCE. Musée Océanographique.— Guide Illustré. Given by the Museum. NEw HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. American Journal of Science, xxxiii-xxxvi, 1912-1913. Pur- chased. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.—Transactions, XVlll, pp. 209-345, title and index. NEw ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. Louisiana State Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. Given by the Museum. [93] 54 Director's Annual Report. NEw PLyMouTtTH, NEw ZEALAND. Polynesian Society.—Journal, xxii, 4, title, index; xxiii, 1-4. NEw York, NEw YORK. American Museum of Natural History.—Annual Report, 1913.—Anthropological Papers, xi, 4-6; xili, 1; xiv, 1.—Bulle- tin, xxxii; index to generic names for xxix.— Journal, xiv.— Memoirs, new series, 1, 5. American Geographical Society.—Bulletin, xlv, 4, index and title; xlvi, 1-12. _ Also, ili-vi, vill, x-xxx, 1871-1803. Columbia University. — Annual Report, 1913.— Catalogue, 1913-1914. New York Botanical Garden.—Bulletin, viii, 30. New York Zoological Society.—Zoologica, i, 12-18. Given by the Society. Science, xxxviii-xl. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. NORWICH, ENGLAND. Castle Museum.—Annual Report, 1913. Given by the Curator. NURNBERG, GERMANY. Martini und Chemnitz.—Conchylien-Cabinet: Lieferungen, 569-574. Purchased. OBERLIN, OHIO. Oberlin College.—Wilson Bulletin, xxv, 4, title and index; SO.Ginls alice OTTAWA, CANADA. Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1912.—Guidebooks, 1-5, 8-10,— Memoirs, 18H, 20H, 22, 25, 26, 31, 32, 39-45, 40, 49; 52 54e —Museum Bulletin, 1-8.—Maps, 43A, 90B, 93A.—Miscellaneous, three papers. Royal Society of Canada.—Transactions, series III, vii. PARA, BRAZIL. Museu Goeldi.—Boletin, vil. PARIS, FRANCE. Ecole d’ Anthropologie.—Revue Anthropologique, 1914. Revue Générale de Botanique, current numbers. Purchased. Société d’ Anthropologie.—Bulletins et Mémoires, visérie, iv, 1. [94] List of Accessions. On an PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. Academy of Natural Sciences.— Proceedings, Ixv, 3; Ixvi, 1,2. —Manual of Conchology, current numbers. Purchased. American Philosophical Society.—Proceedings, liii, 213-215. Philadelphia Commercial Museum.— Report, 1913.—Hand- book to the Exhibits, 1, 2. University of Pennsylvania Museum.—Anthropological Pub- lications, ii, 2; iii, 3; vi, 1.—Journal of the Museum, iv, title and index; vy, 1-3. Wagner Free Institute.—Annual Announcement, 1914-1915. —Transactions, vii, 3. PIETERMARITZBURG, SOUTH AFRICA. Natal Government Museum.—Annals, ili, 1. PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. Carnegie Museum.—Annals, ix, 1, 2.—Memoirs, iii, 2, title and index; vi, 4-6.—Annual Report, 1914.—Founder’s Day Pro- ceedings, 1914. PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND. Marine Biological Association.—Journal, x, 2, 3. PORTIA. Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola Superiore.—Bollettino, vii, viii. PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. Roger Williams Park Museum.—Park Museum Bulletin, v, I-3, 5. Given by the Museum. RApPIp City, SouTH DAKOTA. South Dakota School of Mines.—Bulletin, ro. Given by the School. RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. L’ Instituto de Manguinhos.—Memorias, v, 3, title and index; Wier 2s RomME, ITALY. Reale Accademia dei Lincei.—Atti, xxii (2d semestre), 10-12; xxili (1st semestre), 1-12, title and index; xxiii (2d semestre), I. —-Memorie, 1x, I5-I7; X, I-5. St. GABRIEL-MODLING BEI WIEN, AUSTRIA. Atithirapos, Vill, 65 ioc, 1,2: [95] 56 Director's Annual Report ST. Louis, MissourI. Missouri Botanical Garden.—Annals, i, 1-3. Washington University.— University Studies, series IV, i, part 1,2; 4, part 11,1; 2. Civen by the University. SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA. San Diego Society of Natural History. Given by the Society. ‘Transactions, ii, 1. SAN José, Costa RICA. Museo Nacional.—Memorio de fomento, 1914. Given by the Museum. SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. California Academy of Sciences.—Proceedings, 4th series, ii, PP. 203-374; Iv, pp. 1-13. Also, 2d series, i-iv and vi by purchase. SARAWAK, BORNEO. Sarawak Museum.—Annual Report, 1913.—Journal i, 4; ii, 1. SINGAPORE, STRAITS SETTLEMENTS. Royal Asiatic Society.—Journal, 1, 65, 66. STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA. Leland Stanford Junior University.—Trustees Series, 23-25. University Bulletin, 2d series, 75.— University Series, 13-17. STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien.— Antikvarisk Tidskrift, xx, 1. Suva, Fy. Na Mata, Jan.-Oct., 1914. SYDNEY, NEw SoutH WALES. Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science.— Reports of the Meetings, i-xiv. 1887-1914. Australian Museum.—Annual Reports, 1913, 1914.—Memoirs, iv, 18.—Records, x, 7-10.—Special catalogue (Nests and eggs of birds), iv, 4. Department of Agriculture.—Agricultural Gazette, xxv.— Science Bulletin, 9, 11, 12; 3d edition of No. 2. Department of Trade and Customs. — Fisheries, i, 4; ii, 1-4. Also, ‘‘Fisheries,’’ by J. B. Trivett (ex Official Yearbook, N.S. W., 1914). [96] List of Accessions. 7) Department of Mines, Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1913.—Great Australian artesian basin, by E. T. Pittman, 1914. Linnean Society of New South Wales.—Proceedings, xxxviil. BAS KIS, Tv O Royal Society of New South Wales. — Journal and Proceed- ings, xlvii, 1-3, title and index; xlvili, 1, 2. Technological Museum.—Annual Reports, 1912, 1913. ToKyYoO, JAPAN. Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee.—Bulletin, vi, 2, 3, title; vii, 1. Given by the Committee. TRING, ENGLAND. Zoological Museum.—Novitates zoologicae, xx, 4; XX1, I-4. Purchased. Turts COLLEGE, MASSACHUSETTS. Tufts College.—Tufts College Studies, iii, 3, 4, title and index; Valen 2 UNIVERSITY, NORTH DAKOTA. University of North Dakota.—Bulletin, vi, 1. Given by the University. UPSALA, SWEDEN. University of Upsala.—Zoologiska Bidrag, i, i1. VIENNA, AUSTRIA. Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien.—Mitteilungen, xlii, mH 2.6, title and index; xliv, 1-4. K. K. Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum.—Annalen, xxvil, 3, 4, index and title. VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Provincial Museum.—Annual Reports, 1912, 1913.—Guide to the Anthropological Collection, 1g09. WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Bureau of American Ethnology.—Bulletin, 56. Carnegie Institution of Washington.—Publications: 27 (vol. ii) meorseiienoO b 149) (pattie), .1s2, 193, 187.6 LOb-201,, 205.— Yearbook, 1913.—Department of Marine Biology: Annual Report, 1913.—Geophysical Laboratory: Annual Report, 1913.—Miscel- laneous, two papers. Library of Congress.—Handbcok of Card Distribution, 1914. [97] 58 Director's Annual Report. Records of the Past Exploration Society.—-Records of the Past,. Xil, 5, title and index; xiii, 1, 2. Purchased. Smithsonian Institution.—Report of Board of Regents, 1913. Also, 1849, 1854-1869, 1873, 1874, 1877-1879, 1892,-1893, 1896 by purchase.— Miscellaneous Collections, lvii, 13, title, index; ]xi, 15, I$, 21, 22-25, title. index} Ixiiji2,°3;; bait) 1-73) lxiv, 1, 2.—Barne man Alaska Expedition, xiv (2 vols.). Also Publication 2256. U.S. Bureau of Fisheries.—Commissioner’s Report for 1913; 1914; Report and special papers for 1912.—Documents, 784-792, 795-800, 802, 803, 806. U.S. Department of Agriculture. — Bulletin, 58, 107, 128.— Farmers’ Bulletins, 583, 587, 609.—North American Fauna, 36. —Report of the Chief of the Biological Survey, 1914.—Directory of officials and organizations concerned with protection of birds, 1914.—Yearbook, 1900 (purchased). U.S. Department of Commerce and Labor.—Statistical Ab- SULacty om. U.S. Geological Survey.— Annual Report, 1913.—Bulletin, 531, 536, 538, 539, 540, 542, 543, 545-558, 561, 564, 571, 574; 575) 577-579, 580 A-K, 581 A-C, 583-586, 588, 592, 599. — Geological Atlas, 185, 187-190; reprint of 3, 5 and 11 in one. — Mineral Resources; 1912 (2 vols:)* -191%3; part I; 1-18; 1913; part Il, 1-30. —Professional Papers, 81-84, 85 B-E and title, 86, 909 A- E.— Water-Supply Papers, 295, 302, 303, 306, 309, 319-325, 327, 328, 332-334, 336, 337, 339, 340 A-C, 345 A-C, E, F; 346, 363, 364. —TList of Publications, ror. U.S. National Museum.-- Annual Report, 1913.— Bulle- tin, 1, part 6; Ixxi, 4; Ixxxiii-lxxxvii. — Proceedings, xlv, xlvi. Also, vol. 1 by purchase. ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. Naturforschende Gesellschaft.—Vierteljahrschrift, 1913, 3, 4. —Neujahrsblat, rgr4. BINGHAM COLLECTION. Micronesian Dialects. GILBERT ISLANDS’ LANGUAGE. Ana taeka napan kai ara uwea ao ara tiakamain Jesu Kristo.... Honolulu, 1860. (Gospel of Matthew, i-xi, translated by Rev. Hiram Bingham.) Anene aiabai kristian ni karaoira Jehova. Honolulu, 1860. (First hymnbook printed in the Gilbertese language. By Rev. H. Bingham.) Boki aika anoua mai nanon ye o tetemanti aika Tobi, Areru...-. Itaia. (Job to Isaiah by Rev. H. Bingham.) Honolulu, 1886. [98] List of Accesstons. 59 Bokin te tiaokurebe-.--. Honolulu, 1870. (Primary geography by Mrs. Hiram Bingham.) Also 2d and 3d editions, 1891 and 1894. Buch in drian nea wanara.--- Kusaie, 1902. (Hymnbook in Nauru. ) EKuankerio aka aua ake Mataio, Mareko; Ruka, Ioane.... Beinam. New York, 1908. (Commentary on the four gospels by Rev. H. Bingham.) Karaki aika Baibara--.. New York, 1866. Also editions 1870, 1875, 1891, 1894, 1903, 1905. (Bible stories by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Main neues testament oa berith.... (Part of the New Testament in Nauru.) Kusaie, 1902. Taeken te itoi ni naina---- n.p., n.d. (Catechism.) Te Baibara ae ana taeka te atua ae kanoana te o tetemanti ma te nu tetemanti...-. New York, 1893. (The Bible translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) Also 1896 and igor editions. Te boki n anene ma b’ana-.-- New York, 1897. (Hymn- and tunebook by Rev. H. Bingham.) Also 1898 edition. Te boki n anene ae aia boki kiritian.... Apaing, 1863. (Hymn- book.) Also editions 1868, 1875, 1878, 1885. By Rev. H. Bingham. Te boki n rei te ware b’ai. Honolulu, 1871. (Arithmetic by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Also editions 1884, 1891, 1894, 1903. Te boki n reirei te ware-boki. Honolulu, 1865. (Primer and catechism by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Also editions 1869, 1876, 1884, 1891, 1894. Te boki ni buobuoki ’a aine ni kiribati.... Honolulu, 1896. (Bible reading by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Te boki ni wareware. Honolulu, 1860. (First Gilbertese primer.) By Mrs. H. Bingham. Te euankerio are koreaki irouni Mataio. New York, 1866. (Gospel of Matthew translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) Te euankerio are koreaki irouni Ioane...- New York, 1866. (Gospel of John translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) Te euankerio are koreaki irouni Mataio ma kabaran na nona ma te Rikitianere ni Baibara--.-. Beinam. Honolulu, 1go04. (Commentary on Matthew by Rev. H. Bingham.) Te euankerio are koreaki iroun Ruka..-.. Honolulu, 1869. (Gospel of Luke translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) Te karaki ae taekan Iobi. Honolulu, 1899. (Notes on Job by Mrs. H. Bingham.) [99] 60 Director's Annual Report. Te moa n tiaokurebe ae taekan aron aonaba. Honolulu, 1902. (Primary geography by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Te Nu Tetemanti... New York, 1873. (New Testament trans- lated by Rev. H. Bingham.) Also editions 1877, 1880, 1883, 1884, 1885. Te Nu Tetemanti ae ana taeka.... Te bokiI. Honolulu, 1871. (New Testament from Matthew to Ephesians translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) ‘Te tiaokurebe ae taekan aran aonaba. Honolulu, 1886. (Higher geography by Mrs. H. Bingham.) Also edition 1902. Te titiraki n te atua ao aomata--. Honolulu, 1866. (Catechism translated by Rev. H. Bingham.) KUSAIE, CAROLINE ISLANDS. Buk lun Rut. (Book of Ruth.) Honolulu, 1876. ‘Translated probably by Rev. B. G. Snow. Kutu letu ma Jon el Sim. Ebon, 1869. (The epistles of John translated by Rev. B. G. Snow.) Ma lalafuni a ma mwuleun lun surs Kusaie. Ebon, 1866. (Kusaie church covenant. Translated or compiled by Rev. B. G. Snow.) On in mutal ke kut ali nu sel God. Honolulu, 1876. (Hymns.) Orekma lun met sap. Honolulu, 1869. (Acts of the Apostles translated by Rev. B. G. Snow.) MARSHALL ISLANDS. Buk eo mokta an Moses etan Genesis. n.p., n.d. (Genesis translated by Rev. J. F. Whitney and printed on the Mission Press, Ebon, 1877.) Also New York, 1881. Buk ina. Honolulu, 1863. (Primer.) Buk in ajiri non ro dri Marshall. San Francisco,n.d. (Reading- book and catechism. ) Buk in al kab tun no ri dri ailin in Marshall. New York, 1893. (Hymn- and tunebook.) Also New York, 1895. Buk in bwinbwin. Honolulu, 1873. (Arithmetic. ) Buk in bwinbwin mokta. San Francisco, n.d. (Primary arith- metic. ) Buk in jeokrapi. New York, 1864. (Primary geography. ) Gospel Jone ar je. Honolulu, 1869. (Gospel of John translated by Rev. B. G. Snow.) [100 | List of Accessions., 61 Letter ko en Paul dri jilik, non dri Rom, dri Korint.... New York, 1882. (Epistles of Paul to the Romans, Galatians, Ephe- sians, Philippians. Romans, i-xii, translated by Rev. B. G. Snow, the remainder by Rev. J. F. Whitney.) PONAPE, CAROLINE ISLANDS. En Pola kilijikau on Taitoj. Honolulu, 1873. (Epistle of Paul to Titus translated by Rev. Edward T. Doane.) En Pol uonporen amen a kilijikau on men Kalejia kan. Hono- lulu, 1873. (Galatians translated by Rev. E. T. Doane.) Katete kap pan atail jioua kamaur Jijoj Kraij..-. New York, 1887. (New Testament translated by Revs. Sturges, Doane and Gulick.) Monen pan Jon ronmau.--- Honolulu, 1862. (Gospel of John translated by Rev. Albert A. Sturges. ) Monin pan Mak ronamau.-.. n.p., n.d. (Gospel of Mark trans- lated*by Rev. A.A. Sturges.) Puk en kajanjal. New York, n.d. (Reading-book.) Puk en patak en Ponape. San Francisco, 1877. (Primer.) Tapi en turapa. Houolulu, 1858. (Primer.) Melanesian Dialects. NEw HEBRIDES. Kenesis. Ku netiyi ra potni. Sydney, 1868. (Genesis in the language of Kromanga. ‘Translated by Rev. James D. Gordon.) Polynesian Dialects. HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Ka Hoaloha, Bukel, helur. June,1902. (Edited by Rev. O. H. Gulick and L. K. Kakani.) Ke Kumu o kona haalele anaikainu.... n.d. (Thisis No. 1 of a series of eight tracts published by the W.C. T. U. of H. 1.) Also Nos. 3-8 of same series. Leo Hoonani. Honolulu, 1902. (Hymn- and tunebook edited by Rev. Theo. Richards.) MAROQUESAS ISLANDS. He hamani pia pa. Honolulu, 1858. (Primer.) TATTLE. C?) Te haerea o te mau tamarii o Iseraela.... (Wanderings of the children of Israel.) London, 1875. [ror ] 62 Director's Annual Report. MANUSCRIPTS IN GILBERTESE LANGUAGH. Bingham, Hiram.—Te Baibara.... (Bible.) Bound in 4 vols. Te rikitianere ni Baibara. (Bible dictionary.) Dated Hono- lulu, 1895. —‘‘Gilbertese Hymns for the new Hymn and Tune Book.’’ Dated Honolulu, 1895. Te boki n’anene. (Hymn- and tunebook, edition 1, 1896.) Bingam, Mrs. Clara M. (Mrs. Hiram).— Karaki aika Baibara, chapters xxx-xlvill.. Dated June, 1903. (Bible stories.) Karaki aika Baibara. (Bible stories.) First draft dated Apaing, 1862. Karaki aika Baibara, chapters xli-xlvil. n.d. Te boki ni buobuoki ’a aine ni kiribati... (Bible readings.) Honolulu, 1895. ‘Te tiaokurebe ao taekan... (Higher geography, ed. 2, 1902, chapters xv- end.) Also, Artificial key to genera of Hawaiian ferns, pp. 22, by Rev. H. Bingham. MISCELLANEOUS. Allen, W.—American biographical dictionary. Boston, 1857. Bingham, Hiram.—Story of the Morning Stars. Boston, 1903. British Museum.—Guide to the Babylonian and Assyrian antiqui- ties. London, 1900. Bruner, Lawrence.—Results of the Yale-Peruvian expedition of 1911: Orthoptera. Washington, 1913. Chalmers, James.—Autobiography and letters. Edited by Rich- ard Lovett. 5th ed. London, 1903. Coan, Titus. American heroes on mission fields, No. 6, by S. J. Humphrey. New York, n.d. Damon, Samuel C.—Puritan missions in the Pacific. New Haven, 1869. Datos Re H.—The Seaman’s Friend. Boston, 1865. Dictionary, French: Nouveau dictionaire Anglais- Francais et Francais- Anglais, by A. de Boyer. Paris, 1851. Dictionary, Hebrew and English lexicon of the Old Testament, translated by E. Robinson. Dictionary, Spanish: Diccionario de Bolsillo, Espanol-Ingles y Ingles- Espanol. London, n.d. Duncan, Robert Kennedy.—The new knowledge. New York, 1906. [102] List of Accesstons. 63 Dyar, Harrison G.—Results of the Yale-Peruvian expedition of 1911: Lepidoptera. Washington, 1913. Friend) The : xxix, 9; imlili; 3; 5-7» xlv;:10-12; xlvi,.1-8,.11,.12; lvl, 20a lyin, 3, Klik, Opdos I2sulxive 3, 5ar2inixv, 2, 3, 5, 6-12; Ixvi, 9; lxyii, 3, 4. . Honolulu, 1882-1909. Gregory, Herbert E.— Geologic sketch of Titicaca island.... New Haven, 1913. mule ea Paz Gorge (Bolivia): Washington, 1913. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station.—Press Bulletin, No. 6. Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society. — Annual Reports, 1900, IQOI, 1903, 1904, 1907, 1912. Herringshaw, T. W.— Encyclopedia of American biography of of the nineteenth century. Chicago, 1907. Hilprecht, H. V.— Earliest version of the Babylonian deluge story---- University of Pennsylvania Babylonian expedition. Series D, v, 1. Philadelphia, 1910. Honolulu Times, vii, 3. Dec., 1908. Houghtailing’s handbook of useful information. Albany, 1892. McDonald, Jonathan T.— ‘‘The fellow with the microscope.”’ Honolulu, 1905. National Geographic Magazine, xxili, 10; xxv, 4-6. Missionary, Herald, lix,.6212;, lx, 1, 3-7, 9-12; Ixi, 1-4, 6-12; Ixii, A@, G-1 1; ixve. xvi; ixxclxxv; lxxvil-ciit; cv,.4; 7,10. “Beston, 1863-1909. Murray, A. W.—Bible-in the Pacific. London, 1888. Paton, John G.—Autobiography.* Edited by his brother James Paton. New York, 4889-1898. 3 vols. Paton, Miggie Whitecross (Mrs. John).—Letters and sketches from the New Hebrides. New York, 1895. Richards, W.—Memoir of Keopuolani. Boston, 1825. (This is a reprint of 1825 edition with preface by Prof. Alexander. ) Romilly, Hugh Hastings.—From my veranda in New Guinea. London, 1889. Stanford University and thereabouts.. San Francisco, 1896. Steele, J. D., and Jenks, J. W.P.—Popular Zoology. (Chautauqua edition.) New York, n.d. Stejneger, Leonard.—Results of the Yale-Peruvian expedition of 1g11t: Batrachians and reptiles. Washington, 1893. (Separate. ) Student, The Oriental: vi, 4-6. Honolulu, 1906. Whos’s who in America, 1901-2; 1908-9. [103 ] 64 Director's Annual Report. Woman’s Board of Missions for Pacific Islands.—Reports rst, 1872, 1673, £675, 1970) 1o7O. Loving tribute to the memory of Mrs. Clara Brewster Bing- ham. December; 1903; Also, Marine signals printed and sold by Whitney and Robertson. (Card 10x 7 inches.) Honolulu, n.d. HAWAIIAN BOOKS RECEIVED FROM HON. W. O. SMITH. Alexander, W. D.—He buke no ke ola kino no na kamalii. New York and Chicago, 1887. (Primer of physiology and hygiene.) Translation. W. P.—He olelo no ko ke akua ano.--- Honolulu, 1848. (Treatise on God’s character and commandments to men.) Also 1861 edition. Andrews, ..—Grammar of the Hawaiian language. Honolulu, 1854. Armstrong, R., and Dibble, S.—Ka wehewehehala, oia hoi ka hulikanaka. Honolulu, n.d. (Treatise on depravity. ) Bingham, Hiram.—He ninau hoike no ka moolelo o ka palapala hemolelo. Oahu, 1864. (Scripture catechism—Questions on Bible history.) 2 copies. Buke weheweheano o ka euanelio i kaukauia e Mataio. New York, 1872. (Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew. ) Clark, KE. W.—He buke wehiwehi huaolelo Baibala. New York, 1892. (Bible dictionary. ) Gibson, Walter M.—He mau olelo ao e pili ana i ke ola kino o na kanaka Hawaii. Honolulu, 1881. (Sanitary instructions for Hawaiians.) 2 copies. Ka buke ao heluhelu i hooponoponoia no na kula Hawaii ma keia aupuni. Honolulu, 1885. (Advanced reading-book. ) Ka buke hoomana. Ka buke oka pule ana..-.. Honolulu, 1862. (Prayer-book. ) Ka buke lawe lima o ka kahuekalesia. Honolulu, 1887. (Pas- tor’s handbook. ) Ka hele malihini ana mai keia ao aku a hiki kela ao..-. Hono- lulu, 1842. (Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress translated by Rev. Artemus Bishop. ) Ka honua nei; oia ka buke mua o ka hoike honua no ka kamalii. Honolulu, 1873. First book in geography by Mary L. Hall, translated by H. R. Hitchcock.) [104 ] List of Accesstons. 65 Ka moolelo no ka ekalesia o Iesu Kristo ko kakou Haku e ola’i. Lahainaluna, 1841. (History of the church of Jesus Christ.) Also 2 copies of the 1863 edition. Ka moolelo o Heneri Opukahaia..-. New York, 1867. (Story of Obookiah. ) Ke Kauoha Hou a ko kakouw Haku e ola’i a Jesu Kristo. New York, 1859. (New Testament in English and Hawaiian, parallel.) Also 1860 edition. Ke Kauoha Hou..-.. New York, 1871. (New Testament trans- lated from the Greek.) Lira kamalii oia na himeni haipule...... New York, n.d: (Sunday school songbook. ) Lyons, L.—Ka buke himeni Hawaii. New York,1880. (Hymn- baok.) 2 copies. Ka lei alii. He buke mele no na kula sabati. Honolulu, 1893. (‘‘The Royal Crown.’’ Hymn- and tunebook for Sunday schools. ) Na himeni euanelio na one, two me three huila i unuhiia e L. Laina mamuli o Moody me Sankey. Honolulu, 1889. (Moody and Sankey hymnbooks 1-iii, arranged by Lyons.) Na himeni hoolea he mau ma ka uhane. Honolulu, 1867. (Hymns and spiritual songs. ) Na wehewehe o ka buke Hoikeana ke ki nana e uwehe 1 ka nani pohihihi o ka Baibala. Honolulu, 1889. (Commentary on the book of Revelations and explanations of obscure passages of the Bible. ) O ke kumu leomele no na himeni.... Oahu, 1834. (Hymnbook.) MISCELLANEOUS. (Purchased unless otherwise designated. ) Adams, N.—Voyage around the world. Boston, 1871. Alexander, J. M., Crater of Mokuaweoweo, on Mauna Loa, sur- veyed by, October, 1885. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. American Association of Museums.—Proceedings, villi. Charles- ton, 1914. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. Anderson, J. J.—New manual of general history. New York, 1882. Ancey, C. Felix.—Etudes sur la faune malacologique des Iles Sandwich. Paris, 1892. (Separate.) Mollusques nouveaux de l’archipel d’Hawaii. Paris, 1890. Archambault, Marius.—Note sur l’epigraphie des monuments lithiques de la Nouvelle Calédonie. Paris, 1909. Archiv ftir Religionswissenschaft, xv. Leipzig and Berlin, 1912. OCCASIONAL PAPERS B.P.B.M. VOL. VI, No. 1—5. [105 ] 66 Director's Annual Report. Art and Archaeology, i, r. Sample copy. Baker, Shirley W.—English-’Tongan and Tongan-English vocabu- lary and grammar. Auckland, 1897. Bentham, G., and Hooker, J. D.— Genera plantarum. 3 vols. London, 1862-83. Bishop, Sereno K.—Origin of the red glows. Honolulu, 1886. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. Blin, Charles.—Voyage en Océanie. Le Mans, 188r. Boelen, J.— Reize maar de...... Sandwichs en Philippinsche Hilanden...... 1826-29. Amsterdam, 1835-36. . 3 vols. Bolton, H. Carrington.—Some Hawaiian pastimes. Cambridge, 1890. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. Book Review Digest, ix, 6-11. Given by Oahu College Library. Bowen, N. L., and Anderson, Olaf.—Binary system MgO- SiQO:. New Haven, 1914. Given by Dr. Arthur L. Day. Buller, James.—Forty years in New Zealand. London, 1878. Burger, Friedrich.—Die Kusten- und Bergvolker der Gazellehal- binsel. Stuttgart, 1913. Burnett, Frank.—Through tropic seas. London, 1910. Cartailhac, Emile, et Breuil, Henri.— Ja caverne d’ Altamira. Monaco, 1906. Chapman, A. W.—Flora of the southern United States. 3d edition. New York. Clegg, James.—International directory of booksellers. Rochdale, IQI4. Collett, Henry.—Flora Simlensis. Calcutta, 1902. Congrés internationale d’anthropologie et d’archéologie préhis- torques, di- Panis, 15607. Congress of Americanists, Prospectus, 1912. Corney, Bolton G.—Voyage of Don Filipe Gonzales. Cambridge, 1908. Coulter, J. M., Barnes & Cowles. — Textbook of botany, ii. Chicago, 191 Cross, Whitman. — An occurrence of trachyte on the island of Hawaii. Chicago, 1904. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. Crozet, —.—Nouveau voyage ala Mer du Sud. Paris, 1783. Cumulative Book Index, xvi, 4,5. Given by Oahu College Library. Dauncey, H. M.—Papuan pictures. London, 1913. Day, Arthur I,., and Shepherd, E. S.— Water and volcanic activity. Rochester, 1913. Given by the authors. Day, Arthur I,., Sosman and Hostetter.—Determination of min- eral and rock densities at high temperature. New Haven, 1914. Given by the authors. [106 ] List of Accessions. 67 Decaisne, J.—Botanique du voyage dela Venus. ‘Text and folio atlas. Paris, 1964. Dietrich, —.—Les premiéres nouvelles concernant l’éruption du Krakatau en 1883. Paris, 1884. Dobel, Pierre.—Sept annees en Chime. Paris, 1838. Donne, M. A.—Sandwich Islands and their people. London, 1866(?). Dordillon, I. R.—Grammaire et dictionaire de la langue des Iles Marquises. Braine-le-Compte, 1904. Drude, Oscar.—Manuel de géographie botanique. Paris, 1897. Dumoutier, —.—Voyage au Pole Sud. .---sur les corvettes 1’ Astro- labe et la Zelée. Anthropologie. ‘Text and folio atlas of plates. Paris, 1854. Elschner, Carl.—Corallogene Phosphat-Inseln Austral-Oceaniens. Lubeck, 1913. Endlicher, Stephan.—Bemerkungen uber die Flora der Sudsee- inseln. Wien, 1835. Fedde, Frederico.—Repertorium novarum specierum regni vege- tabilis, 1-xili; Beihefte, i, 1-14. Berlin, 1905-1913. Finsch, Otto.—Neu-Guinea und seine Bewohner. Bremen, 1865. Firminger’s manual of gardening. Calcutta, 1904. Foley, A. E.—Eki, Tou Mata Ouenga. Paris, 1874. La coquette Neu-Calédonienne. Paris, 1879. Frazer, J. G.—The goiden bough, vii. 2vols. Given by Henry Holmes, Esq. Gibson, Walter M.—Prison of Weltevreden. London, 1856. Gigholi, EF. H: Wa collezione ethnografica, 1, 11. Given by the author’s executors. Citta di Castello, 1911-1912. Gill, W. Wyatt.—Zoologische Miszellen aus der Sudsee. Jena, 1888. Graeffe, EKduard.—Reisen im Innern der Insel Viti-Levu. Ztrich, 1868, Green, W. I,.— Notice of Prof. Jas. D. Dana’s ‘‘Characteristics of Volcanoes.’’ Honolulu, 1890. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. ——The southern tendency of peninsulas. Honolulu, 1877. By exchange with Dr. C. Hi: Hitchcock. Volcanic problem from the point of view of Hawaiian vol- canoes. Honolulu, 1884. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. Grey, J. Grattan.—Australasia, old and new. London, 1901. Gudgeon, Thomas Wayth.—History and doings of the Maoris, 1820-1840. Auckland, 1885. [107] 68 Director's Annual Report. Haimanava na ta oihana Katolika ma Hawaii nei, Pepa 1-19. 1827-1842. Honolulu, 1858-1859. Hartwig, Georg.—Die Inseln des grossen Oceans. Wiesbaden, 1861. The tropical world. London, 1873. Hawaiian Geographical Society, Organization of. Honolulu, 1897. By exchange with Dr. C: Hy Hitchcock: Hawaiian Islands, their resources..... - Honolulu, 1896. (Dept. For. Affairs. ) Helmreich, Theodor.—Das Geldwesen in den Deutschen Schutz- gebieten, 1. Hillebrand, W. F.— Die Vegetationsformation der Sandwich- Inseln. Leipzig, 1887. Hitchcock, C. H.—Hawaiian earthquakes of 1868. San Francisco, 1912. By exchange with the author. Hombron, J. B.—Australie et Papouasie. Paris, 1846. Hooker, W. J.—Genera filicum. lJondon, 1842. Howell, Thomas.—Flora of Northwest America,1. Portland, 1903. Hue, Fernand, and Haurigot, Georges.— Nos petites colonies. Poitiers, 1887. Hursthurse, Charles.— New Zealand. London, 1857. Johnston, John, and Adams, L,. H.—Observations on the Daubree experiment...... Chicago, 1914. Ka Hae Hawaii, Buke iii, Helu 50. Honolulu, 1859. By ex- change with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. Kahl, Erich.—Honolulu. Schweinfurt a.M., 1912. Kaulfuss, D. G.—Enumeratio filicum. Leipzig, 1824. Ke kauoha hou...... New York, 1860. (New Testament, Hawaiian and English parallel. ) Koch-Grunberg, Theodor. — Indianertypen aus dem Amazons- @ebeit. Lief iv-vi1. Berlin, mod: Krohn, Fr.—De EHilenden in de Zuidzee. Gronigen, 1836. Kroupa, B.—An artist’s tour. London, 1890. La Salle, A. de.—Voyage autour du monde. Paris, 1845-1852. 3 vols. and atlas, folio, of plates. Laws of Kamehameha V. Honolulu, 1865. (In English and Hawaiian. ) Lecointe, —.—Les iles Sandwich en 1846. Paris, 1846. Leipziger Zeitschrift, viii, 1. 1914. Sample copy. Low, Hugh.—Sarawak. London, 1848. Maiden, J. H. — Forest Flora of New South Wales, iti-v, titles and indexes. Malakozoologische Blatter, x. Cassel, 1862-3. [108] List of Accessions. 69 Mallery, Garrick.— Collection of gesture signs and signals. Washington, 1880. Mangaréva. Grammaire de la langue des Iles Gambier ou Mangareva par les Missionaires catholiques de cet Archipel. Paris, 1908. Map of Necker Island and map of Nihoa Island. 2 copies each. Given by Hawaiian Government Survey. Massee, George, and Massee, Ivy.—Mildews, rusts and smuts. London, 1913. Masson, Maurice.—Ia Question des Nouvelles Hebrides. Paris, 1900. Meek, A. S.—A naturalist in cannibal land. London, 1913. Merwin, H. E.— Optical properties of azurite and alamosite. Washington, 1914. Given by Dr. A. lL. Day. Meyer, A. B.—Album von Celebes-Typen. Dresden, 1889. Miscellaneous pamphlets given by ‘Trustees Bishop KHstate. Nine papers. Mortillet, Gabriel de.—Origines de la chasse. Paris, 1890. Mortimer, George.— Observations and remarks made during a voyage...... London, 1791. Narbrough, John.— Voyage to the South Seas. London, 1711. Nautilus, current numbers. Newcomb, Harvey.—Cyclopedia of missions. New York, 1855. Nicoll, M. J.— Three voyages of a naturalist. London, 1909. Noury, M. C.—Album polynésien. Nantes, 1861. Nuttall, Zelia.— New light on Drake. London, 1914. (Hakluyt Society.) Nutting, C. C.— Bird rookeries on the island of Laysan. New York, 1903. By exchange with Dr. C. H. Hitchcock. Omai.—Narrations d’Omai.....--- , companion de voyage du Capitame Cooke, Paris, 1790. 4 vols. Paetal, Fr.— Catalog der Conchylien-Sammlung, i-iii. Berlin, 1887-1890. Perkins, Edward T.—Na motu, or reef rovings. New York, 1854. Péron, F.—Mémoires sur ses voyages. Paris, 1824. Perret, Frank A.— Diagrammatic representation of volcanic phenomena. New Haven, 1914. Given by the author. Pfeiffer, Ludovici.._-_Nomenclator Heliceorum. Cassell, 1881. Philippine Commission, Report of, to President of the United States, iii, iv. Washington, 1gor. Pinkham, L. E.—Reclamation of the Waikiki district of the city of Honolulu. Honolulu, r9g08. Given by the Trustees Bishop Estate. [109] 70 Director's Annual Report. Porter, David.—Voyage in the South Seas. London, 1823. Prowazek, S. von.—Die Deutschen Marianen. Leipzig, 1913. Pulsford, E.— Special record of the proceedings of the Geo- graphical Society of Australasia in fitting out and starting the exploratory expedition to New Guinea. Sydney, 1885. Rambles at the antipodes. London, 1859. Range, F.—Ljiterarischer sortiments-katalog. Hildesheim, 1913. Readers’ guide to periodical literature, xiii, 9-11. Given by Oahu College. Reeve, Lowell.—Monograph of the genus Achatinella. London, 1850. Rehm, Th.—lLes Iles Hawaiiennes et le royaume d’Hawaii. Paris, 1891. Richardson, Johnu.—Zoology of the voyage of H. M.S. Herald. London, 1854. Rock, Joseph F.—List of Hawaiian names of plants. Honolulu, lots. ‘Given by Prof. Hi. Ballou. St. Johnston, Alfred.—Camping amongst cannibals. London, 1883. Sandford, K.—Manual of exotic ferns and Selaginella. London, 1894. Schimper, A. F. W.—Plant-Geography. Oxford, 1903. Smith, J. J.—Die Orchideen von Java. Heft vi. Leiden; 16142 Société préhistorique de France.— Manuel de recherches pré- historiques. Paris, 1906. Stone, Octavius C.—A few months in New Guinea. London, 188o. Tahiti. Grammar of the Tahitian dialect. Tahiti, 1823. Taylor, Charles M.—Vacation daysin Hawaiiand Japan. London, 1906. Temple, R. C.—Travels of Peter Mundy, ii. London, 1904. Tournois, M. P., and Le Brun-Renaud.—Le Royaume d’ Hawaii. le Vobiele siskelne Twain, Mark.—Roughing It. Hartford, 1872. Van Rosenburg, Van Alderwerelt.— Malayan Ferns. Batavia, 1908. Wallace, A. R.—Oceanic Islands. New York, 1887. Merlsts, vi. Werpzig, 1914. Who’s Who in America. Chicago, 1914. Zeitschrift fur Vulkanology, 1, 1. Berlin, 1914. Sample copy. Zelebor, Von Johan. — Saugethiere, Mammalia. Vienna, 1869. (Zoology of Novara voyage.) Zimmer, George F.—Engineering of antiquity. London, 1913. [110] List of Exchanges. rie Volumes received by exchange ..-------+se sees eeeeee 165 Volumes received by purchase.....-.. sees seer seer eee imeye) Volumes received by gift. .-.- +2. eee eee cee cece eee 157—512 Pamphlets received by exchange..---+---+++eseeeee++ 640 Pamphlets received by purchase «+--+ +--+ ++-+---- Jeune 5% Pamphlets received by gift ---- +--+ + esse eee eeee eee es 223—920 Photographs— 50 views of Sydney in 1893. Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. 5 large and 12 medium, framed, of Hawaiian scenes. Given by Mr R. J. Baker: 103 views of Kilauea. Given by Dr. Arthur L. Day. 2 framed views of early Honolulu. Given by Mr. W. M. Giffard. Manuscripts— Bingham Gilbertese manuscripts. Given by Prof. H. Bingham. Horace Mann’s notes on Hawaiian flora. Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. Poepoe Hawaiian papers. Purchased. Also manuscripts of Fornander’s Polynesian Race, vol. iil. Loaned by Mr. W. M. Giffard. Five names have been added to the list of exchanges. LIST OF EXCHANGES. Adelaide, South Australia.— Royal Geographical Society of South Australia. Royal Society of South Australia. South Australian Museum. Amherst, Mass.—Amherst College Library. Amsterdam, Holland.—Universiteit van Amsterdam. Auckland, N. Z.—Auckland Institute. Baltimore, Md.— Johns Hopkins University. Maryland Geological Survey. Barcelona, Spain.—Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes de Barcelona. Berkeley, Cal.—University of California. Berlin, Germany.— Anthropologische Gesellschaft. Konigl. Museum fur Volkerkunde. Berne, Switzerland.—Berne eee Museum. [111 V2 Director's Annual Report. Boston, Mass.— American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Boston Public Library. Boston Society of Natural History. Museum of Fine Arts. Museum ftir Natur-, Volker- und Handelskunde. Brisbane, Oueensland.— Oueensland Museum. Royal Society of Queensland. Brooklyn, N. Y.—Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Fine Arts and Sciences. Brussels, Belgium.— Société Royale d’Archéologie de Bruxelles. Société Royale Malacologique de Belgique. Bremen, Germany. Buda-Pest, Hungary.—Museum National Hongrois. Buenos Aires, Argentine Republic.—Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires. Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg. Buitenzorg, Java. Calcutta, India.— Asiatic Society of Bengal. Indian Museum. Cambridge, Mass.— Harvard University Library. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Peabody Museum. Capetown, South Africa.—South African Museum. Chicago, I11.—Field Museum. Christchurch, N. Z.—Canterbury Museum. Cologne, Germany.—Rautenstrauch -Joest Museum. Colombo, Ceylon.—Colombo Museum. Copenhagen, Denmark.—Société Royale des Antiquaires du Nord. Dresden, Germany.— Konigl. Zoologisches und Anthropologisch- Ethnographisches Museum. Verein fur Erdkunde. Dublin, Ireland.—Royal Irish Academy. Edinburgh, Scotland.—Royal Society of Edinburgh. Florence, Italy.—Societa Italiana di Antropologia. Frankfurt on Main, Germany.—Stadtisches Volker- Museum. Geelong, Victoria.—Gordon Technical College. Genoa, Italy.—Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genoa. Giessen, Germany. Oberhessische Gesellschaft fiir Natur- und Heilkunde. Kaiserl. Leop. Carol. Akademie der Naturforscher. Hamburg, Germany.—Museum ftir Volkerkunde. Hanover, N. H.—Dartmouth College. Hilo, Hawaii.—Hilo Public Library. Honolulu, Hawaii.— Halle, Germany. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry. Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station. Hawaiian Evangelical Association. {pu List of Exchanges. Honolulu, Hawaii.—Continued. Hawaiian Historical Society. Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association. Honolulu Library Association. Mid-Pacific Magazine. Oahu College. U. S. Experiment Station. Lawrence, Kansas.—University of Kansas. Leiden, Holland.— Rijks Ethnographisches Museum. Rijks Museum yan Natuurlijke Historie. Leipzig, Germany.—Museum fur Volkerkunde. Liverpool, England.—Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine. London, England.— Linnean Society of London. Royal Anthropological Institute. Madras, India.—Government Museum. Manila, P. I.—Bureau of Science. Melbourne, Victoria.— National Museum. Royal Society of Victoria. Mexico.—Instituto Geolégico de Mexico. Minneapolis, Minn.—University of Minnesota. Munich, Germany.—Ethnographisches Museum. Neuchatel, Switzerland.—Société Neuchateloise de Géographie. New Haven, Ct.— Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences. Yale University Library. New Plymouth, N. Z.—Polynesian Society. New York, N. Y.— American Geographical Society. American Museum of Natural History. Columbia University Library. New York Botanical Garden. Oberlin, Ohio.—Oberlin College. Ottawa, Canada.— Geological Survey of Canada. Royal Society of Canada. Para, Brazil.— Museu Goeldi. Paris, France.— Ecole d’ Anthropologie. Société d’Anthropologie. Philadelphia, Pa.— Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. American Philosophical Society. Free Museum of Science and Art. The Philadelphia Museums. [113] 73 74 Director's Annual Report. Philadelphia, Pa.—Continued. University of Pennsylvania. Wagner Free Institute of Science. Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.—Natal Government Museum. Pittsburg, Pa.—Carnegie Museum. Plymouth, England.—Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Portici, Italy.—lLaboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria. Rio de Janeiro.—I,’ Instituto de Maguinhos. Rome, Italy. Salem, Mass.—Peabody Academy of Science. San Francisco, Cal.—California Academy of Sciences. Sao Paulo, Brazil.—Museu Paulista. Sarawak, Borneo.—Sarawak Museum. Singapore, Straits Settlements.—Royal Asiatic Society (Straits Branch). St. Gabriel Modling bei Wien.—Anthropos. St. Louis, Mo.—Missouri Botanical Garden. Stanford University, Cal.—Leland Stanford Junior University. Stockholm, Sweden.—Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien. Stuttgart, Germany.—Museum ftir Lander- und Volkerkunde. Suva, Fiji.—Na Mata. Sydney, N.S. W.— Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science. Australian Museum. Department of Agriculture. Department of Fisheries. Department of Mines. Linnean Society of New South Wales. Royal Society of New South Wales. Technological Museum. Tufts College, Mass.—Tufts College. Uppsala, Sweden.—University of Uppsala. Victoria, British Columbia.—Provincial Museum. Vienna, Austria.— Anthropologisch Gesellschaft in Wien. K. K. Naturhistorisches Hofmuseum. Wanganui, N. Z.—Public Museum. Washington, D. C.— Bureau of American Ethnology. Carnegie Institution of Washington. Library of Congress. Smithsonian Institution. Accademia dei Lincei. U. S. Geological Survey. U. S. National Museum. Wellington, N. Z.— Dominion Museum. New Zealand Institute. Ziirich, Switzerland.—Naturforschende Gesellschaft. [114] ; “MEMOIRS. isigh _ (Quarto. ) i “Vol. _ nee 15. ige9-1503.. oe % Vol. ‘II.—Nos. 1-4. 1906-1909. Rie : ‘Vol. ‘IIl.—Ka Hana Kapa: the urea, of bark-cloth in Hawaii. ; cue Wai. 7. a pmue e Lae eae. volumes: Sin SEs OCCASIONAL PAPERS. TP ai We ike _ (Octavo.) Bates Vol. I Mon. 15. “1898-1902. (No. I out of print, Ke : Vol. II.—Nos. 1-5. 1903-1907. : o) 2 ¥el, III.—Nos. 1, 2. 1907-. [Volume incomplete.) oa Vol. IV.—Nos. 1-5. 1906-1911. Vol. V.—No. 1. Ne ew Hawaiian Plants, III. By Charles N. 3 ‘Forbes.—Preliminary Observations Concerning the Plant Invasion on Some Lava Flows of ‘Mauna Toa, Hawaii. By Charles N. Forbes. rorz2, No. 2. Director's ‘Seve for. rorr.— The New Laboratory. — Ass . other Curved Adze. By Wm, T, Brigham. BOIS No. 3. Notes on the ‘Flora of Kahoolawe and Molokini. By Charles” 'N. Forbes. — An arenes of Niihau Linelises By - Charles N. Forbes. r913. ; No.4. Director’s apart tae aps 1913. ok No. 5._ - Director’s Report of a Journey Around the World to Study : _ Matters Relating to Museums. Igr2. With index tovolume. | oh Vol. VI.—No. 1. ‘Director’s Report for 1913. — New Hawaiian : Be - Plants, Iv. By Charles N. Forbes. - 1913. . ; No. ae Director's conegeiie for 24: aS. Oe - Handbook for the Binion Widoenti: 1903. [Out of print.) Bishop Museum Handbook. — ~Part “i ‘The Hawaiian Collections. IQI5.— -Octavo. ; : Index to Abraham Wormeuser's vpolynesian. Race.” By fees : F. G. Stokes. tones dante te cok Cason : acme + deta ed foe with prices, will Dp mailed 0 any address on iy ; applica n to the AS ie % ss re Seng aoe ee hs be ee P S OCCASIONAL PAPERS . OF THE _ BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND oy Re oe Np a 149 Cee ga SR a oe a 5 FR EE Wt

=) g So i vate i ca Fa a 3 5 m 2 = en) o 2 S S a S = a > ° = ss By 5 5 S a < = AeMUIEIAY Goopooaeos 652 | 91 | 72 | 189 299 24 22 60.4 1,327 February ........ 937 | 184 | 162 8s 140 50 2 | 744 1,561 Mareh, 2-2 ssuccese “ee Nui} 64 | 81 164 ay || eb 54.7 1,202 omuilogapodecssnocc 628 mi) | 49 | 73 178 so | 22 49.1 1,088 Maa, aisQenestnts ate 664 144 47 Aa ennlige 4 21 | 52.8 | 1,108 Wumeioaee tesserae 562 | 100 BT 60 | 214 | 14 20 | 504 | 1,007 | | WCU Vaileteclerslelcteisisie/oiat~ 7038 340 83 104 250 2] 22 68.3 1,501 | August........-..- 729 86 | 5S 106 172 17 22 538.1 | 1,168 September ........ 531 127 51 96 264 33 21 | 652.5 1,102 | October .....-+++- 631 109 43 60 | 170 1 22 | 46.3 | 1,017 | | | | November .......- | 602 106 | 25 | 41 | 120 20 21 | 48.1 914 December.......... 712 BD 25 | 53 127 | 18 Seine sral 990 AiO) Sbodcocede 8,105 1,534 736 998 2,270 | 342 257 54.5 | 13,985 Director's Annual Report. 25 Ethnology. I quote from the report to me of Mr. J. F. G. Stokes, the Curator: ‘“The number of specimens received during the year is satis- factory and well up to the average, but not as large as in the previous year. ‘Through an anonymous friend of Mr. Henry Holmes the Museum has been presented with the Helms collections of ethno- logical and entomological material. The former portion, which concerns my department, consists of a remarkably fine series of Australian and Melanesian specimens, including a few from Micro- nesia and Polynesia. The main portion of the ethnological collection was gathered by Dr. Richard Helms in western and south Australia where he went as the naturalist of the Elder Exploring Expedition in 1892. It was described and illustrated in Dr. Helms’ report on the anthropology of the expedition, in the Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, and is a valuable acquisition on this account. ‘The majority of the other specimens are well authenticated and bear a locality label or an inscription naming the sources from which Dr. Helms received them. It isa good collection, and has been made with judgment, and the Museum is very grateful to Mr. Holmes’ anonymous friend. ‘‘Other friends, to the number of fifteen, gave tangible evi- dence of their interest, as may be seen in the lists appended. As before, when any of the curators have been in the field, they have gathered in all that they could that was of interest to the Museum, and we have all helped each other’s department in this way. The specimens received during the year have been fairly numer- ous, but do not deserve special mention. No large collections have been purchased during the year. An average number of commoner specimens have been bought at the door, but the curio stores have not offered anything worth securing. ‘‘Mr. Henriques has added forty-three specimens to his collec- tion already on loan, the most important of which is the small breadfruit-wood surf board, found in the cave at Hookena with the sled described last year. The coconut scraper mentioned in the list was made from a large cone shell, and is the first Hawalian specimen of the kind to be reported. ‘“Two trips were made in the field, and though not necessarily in connection with my department the trips yielded fruit in the [141] 26 Director's Annual Report. form of ethnological specimens. ‘The first was for the purpose of securing fresh specimens of the Hawaiian rat, which, it was generally believed, was extinct. Altogether nine were secured in the flesh, with fragments of many skeletons, and all the material on hand, except two live rats, were sent to Dr. Witmer Stone, of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, for description. Several petrels, crustaceans and lizards were secured at the same time. The second trip was mainly for the purpose of aiding Mr. T. G. Thrum in the completion of his list of Hawaiian heiau. Mr. Thrum’s work has been of great value to us in our own heiau researches. “Of other work, Dr. W. D. Alexander’s unfinished manuscript of ‘‘A Critical History of the Hawaiian People’’ was handed to me for the insertion, if possible, of the names of the authorities quoted. It is highly probable that had Dr. Alexander lived to complete his work, these authorities would have been exactly quoted as a matter of course, and no one would be better able than the doctor. Several months were spent among the books of Dr. Alexander, the Historical Society and the Museum, and the manuscript put in the best possible order for publication. I will prepare an index after the work is in type. As authorized by the Trustees, I engaged Mr. Y. E. Tseu to continue the platting of the heiau from my measurements taken some years ago, and as the platting continues I am writing out the descriptions. The work is progressing, but not so rapidly as I expected, as the lapse of time has necessarily made it difficult to recollect detail.’’ Entomology. ‘‘The Helms collection of insects, purchased from the heirs of the late Dr. Richard Helms, arrived from Aus- tralia in June, 1915, and the work of the Honorary Curator since then has been devoted exclusively to it, cleaning and repinning specimens where necessary, repairing those that were broken in transit, and getting the whole in readiness for transferring to the Museum cabinets. ‘The collection was contained in ninety-two insect boxes of several sizes, some of which are very undesirable for insect preservation, and the collection will be transferred to the new steel cabinets as soon as possible. ‘‘All the chief orders of insects are represented in this collec- tion, but by far the greater number of specimens belong to the [142] Director's Annual Report. 29 Coleoptera. An estimate of the number of specimens of this order is about 22,000, mostly Australian, but about 3000 are from New Zealand, and some also from other islands of the Pacific. Many are of bizarre forms and wonderful morphological structure, and the most beautiful colors and patterns. The families of beetles most abundantly represented are the Carabidee, Scarabzide, Buprestide, Carambycide, Tenebrionide, Chrysomelidz and Curculionidae. Many of the specimens are labelled, but there are a good many undetermined species. ““Kstimates of the other orders give about 500 specimens of Orthoptera, 1500 Hemiptera, 800 Lepidoptera, 1000 Diptera, 1300 Hymenoptera, and a few Neuroptera: altogether some 27,coo or more specimens. There is much unmounted material besides. There are many specimens of extreme interest to entomologists in all of the orders, and the collection will be of great value for reference when it is installed in the Museum cabinets and con- venient for the use of the local entomologists. The Museum is exceedingly fortunate in securing this valuable collection from the Australian region, which is noted for its very peculiar insect fauna, and from which specimens are sought by museums the world over.”’ The Director would only add that the excellent and voluntary work done by Mr. Otto H. Swezey is appreciated by Trustees and staff. Botany. Quoting from the report of the Curator, Charles N. Forbes: ‘‘In addition to the usual routine work connected with the Herbarium, which has been much the same as reported on in previous years, an attempt has been made this year to add to the botanical exhibits. This was made possible with the opening of the second gallery in Hawaiian Hall. Asa beginning a number of herbarium specimens have been mounted to illustrate the prin- cipal families and genera composing the indigenous Hawaiian flora. These have been placed in rail cases and wallframes. In most cases the commonest and most widely distributed species have been selected, but in certain instances rare species are shown to illustrate peculiar distribution or other points of interest con- nected with our flora. ‘The labels have been written for the lay- [143] 28 Director's Annual Report. man, and point out briefly some of the interesting points connected with the particular plant and its related species; and in some cases this is supplemented with drawings illustrating the flowers when inconspicuous. ‘To other specimens have been added casts of fruit made by Mr. J. W. Thompson. All of the botanical exhibits have been moved from the first to the second gallery in Hawaiian Hall. ‘‘In addition to the short trips on this island, two longer trips were made to other islands of this group. The first was a trip to the island of Molokai as the guest of Mr. G. P. Cooke, the journey being made both ways in this gentleman’s private launch. About two weeks were spent on the island, and plants collected from Keomumu to the western end. It was interesting to note the various changes which have taken place in the flora, since the previous visit in 1912. Perhaps one of the most interesting was the spread of two species of introduced A/riflex, one on the west- ern end, the other in the kiawe belt near Kaunakakai. Especial thanks are due Mr. Cooke for his many kindnesses and aid to my department. ‘The second long trip was to the island of Hawaii, primarily to continue investigations of the plant invasion on lava flows begun several years ago. For economical and other reasons these trips into regions new to me must cover all lines as much as possible; so a large number of plants were collected, and notes taken on the flora as a whole. While outfitting in Hilo, which was my base, several visits were made to surrounding regions, one especially pleasurable one being made with Mr. D. Thaanum, who very kindly explained how to collect land shells in the parti- cular region. ‘“The terminal portion of the 1880-1881 lava flow is in Hilo, and on account of the much greater rainfall the vegetation on it is much more luxuriant than on the flows of known date on the dry or Kona side of this island. However, I find that the conclu- sions arrived at after a field study of the Kona flows, hold true in all important essentials for the flows on this side of the island. At the lower elevations on the Hilo side the place of Polypodium pellucidum is taken by Nephrolepis exaltata. ‘The amount and luxuriance of vegetation is much greater, as was to be expected, plant societies already being established on the flow of 1880-1881. [144 ] Director's Annual Report. 29 So many factors have been suggested during the field and labora- tory work on these flows, that it is hoped several more trips may be made before writing a general report. Now that I am personally acquainted with this part of Hawaii, an expensive guide will not be necessary, and this can more readily be done. The only way one can find the water holes is to take a guide, but otherwise I have generally found them wasters of time, money and patience. “From Hilo my route led up through the central part of the island, the trail following the lava flow of 1855. ‘Three camps were made along this trail as follows: Olaa flume, Hale Loulu and Hale Aloha. At the last the trail leaves the flow, and the next place at which a stop was made was the Shipman ranch at Puu Oo, which is on the slopes of Mauna Kea. ‘“This place made a convenient centre for exploring a very large portion of the highlands within a day’s riding distance. From here the lava flows of 1843, 1899 and the upper portion of the 1855 flow were visited; a large portion of the Humuula Sheep Station, to as far east as territory previously covered, was visited; and through the kindness of Mr. W. A. Shipman, who lent horses especially for the trip, Mauna Kea was ascended to the summit. One night was spent at a station called Lau Maia, which is several miles north of Puu Oo. From here the source of the Wailuku River was visited. The rocky ravines had a most interesting flora, one specimen of ‘‘Ahinahina’’ Arvgyroxiphium sandwicense, or Silver Sword as it is called in Maui, measured nine feet in height; the leafy portion being three feet high, the remainder being the flowering panicle in full blossom. ‘“From Puu Oo the trail was taken across to Kilauea, stops of several days being made at Kipuka Ahiu, near the flow of 1880- 1881; Kipuka Waiakea, not far from the flow of 1852; and at Palakea, visiting the flow of 1823 some distance above Keawe Wai; and finally at the Shipman ranch near Kilauea, from which place the 1880-1881 flow on this side of Mauna Loa was visited. The return to Hilo was by the regular route over the Government road. The disappearance of the native forest and the change of landscape along this road has been so great since my only other visit, which was made with Dr. Brigham in 1908, that old land- marks like Mr. Furneaux’ house, were passed before being recognized. [145] 30 Director's Annual Report. ‘‘Of the large number of interesting plants observed or collected on this trip, perhaps the most remarkable was |l’70/a mautensis on the slopes of Mauna Loa. ‘This species is known to occur on three of the islands, but always in open bogs or in swampy places; but here it was growing under the shade of Puu Keawe, Cyathodes Tametameie@, on a dry aa flow at about 7000 feet elevation. ‘‘While the flora is very uniform, the scenery along the trail from Hilo to Puu Oo is most unusual. The river of black pahoe- hoe lava is a garden of small ohia trees, low shrubs, cyperacez and coarse ferns, dotted by hundreds of islands a few square yards to several acres in area, which bear dense woods of tall ohia, tree ferns, and other plants, and sometimes large Loulu palms, /r7¢- chardia sp., which are often heard before seen, on account of the loud rattle and rubbing of their leaves in the wind. ‘The lava river is bordered by dense virgin forest composed mostly of tall ohia and tree fern. While by no means all of these islands or kipukas could be visited in the time allowed for the trip, as far as observed their flora and fauna are very uniform. Apparently neither time nor isolation has been great enough to produce biological differ- ences in these areas isolated by the lava flow. ‘‘After the return to Hilo, Mr. L. A. Thurston very kindly took me over the Puna section of the Hilo railroad in a power car, allowing me to stop at various places along the route to see the vegetation. The lava flow of 1840 was visited, this being especially interesting as being the first aa flow of known date where higher plants are established. This is partly accounted for by the very large rainfall in this section, but this flow will need investigation in other places. This was an unusual eruption in many ways, and there is some indication that much of this slag was old lava borne on top of or mixed with the newer lava. At Kapoho we met Mr. Henry Lyman who took us over other parts of Puna in his auto- mobile, so that I saw a much greater part of this region than I had intended this year. ‘“‘As on previous excursions a great deal of kindly help has been received from people whom I have been fortunate in meeting. Especial thanks for help in various ways are due Messrs. L. A. Thurston, W. A. Shipman, Luther Severance and Miss H. Sever- ance, Messrs. C. J. Austin, R: IT. Guard, Henry Lymanien? Thaanum, H. Dent, W. S. Rycroft, A. W. Carter and Walter C. Shields. [146] Director's Annual Report. al ‘The following list shows the number of specimens received during the year. All except duplicates have been incorporated in the collection. ier, Jj WG Ipyclerius., Ieybehls Soesok cosopoebeoos obpUne coosouInD codbu addon 2 wGe, G, (Cs IMGEribRo, JOIN o5464 o506 50000000 coOGoD DDO OU DOUD AU co omeand spies Tale ite, (Ge (C, IMGiITmRS, WEIS conbocKD Gpooo DoDD D OU ODDO CO MODOC ONCOSpAIEOU 4o IDie (CWE (COORG, Jin WOOK coos Reoucanoduce cade oad500 DG00RGdc00 0000 2 IDies (Cs MW, (e@olxs, fie, Ceiuttl cocdsdo0e coudsnaucdcs oouGan JooDu0 UaDdoo Cor 3 Wiies J. 1 (Es GuokES., Oeudith Dodosscancccds dacccn snusosocnuDeyodS codo don 5 prem rine master acrid, Ovaili tice =teus'eie siereie eaiclaiss inl o)siaayaie'sepe 5, « wielsio'e aisle 6 sca 2 VeiCaG Wloyd (ot Cincinnati, Ohio); Hawai ~- 1-1. ------ ose I Cimnoe's wollle@imein, (OB MNbs cao csogndo0 500040 00D bond o6nD GoGo OnOD Go Boded Bala WriratOnss cc Ollectiony, MWlOllo kaitiereiycielta 2 crerel ela cicee sim eisfoielsts 2s c/s epee eyerst eves rey 329 (Chiaimce Ss Colleonom, JEKTEiblscos cose s0So 00005 c0CDOs HoG0D0 Doub HaK0 6000 2100 Total number of specimens. Sears aust an slcoyeispa ebisyesyorsha: ehete sepals ea) scuisvelte Sy dloseneee 2979 Pulmonata. From the report of Dr. C. M. Cooke, Jr., I quote: ‘‘For the year 1915 your Curator can report further progress. Many of the ‘lots’ of fossil shells have been catalogued and not as many new ‘lots’ have been received. In getting this material sorted and catalogued the Curator has been forced, by lack of time, to place only a small portion of each of the ‘lots’ in the collection. In some of the deposits the shells are so thickly distributed in the earth that as many as eight hundred whole specimens have been found to be the average in a cubic inch of soil. What has remained (and by far the larger portion of the ‘lots’) is carefully labeled as to date, locality, and what catalogue numbers have been entered against the ‘lot’. It is then stored in the laboratory. Additional speci- mens may be sorted out at some future date if needed for further study. Undoubtedly from six months toa year’s time might be spent in completely sorting and cataloguing all specimens in these fossil ‘lots’, but most of this time could be spent to more advan- tage in other ways. ‘‘Forty-one thousand eight hundred and eighty-eight (41,888) specimens were catalogued during the year, being distributed over 2,518 catalogue numbers. The Curator collected 33,807 speci- mens. Mr. Forbes collected 3,197, and the remainder, 4,884, were gifts from friends of the Museum. ‘Twenty-five thousand one hundred and twelve (25,112), of the specimens might properly be termed fossils. [147] 32 Director's Annual Report. ‘‘Besides short collection trips on Oahu, two visits were made to Molokai during February and March, and one to Maui. ‘Those to Molokai were especially to study the fossil beds along the north- ern shore of the island and if possible to collect representative series from each of the beds. ‘These occur along almost the whole northern coast line from Puukapele to the extreme northwestern point, a distance of about twelve miles as the crow flies. About two miles of coast line have not been visited up to the present time, and some of the localities will have to be searched over again as the recent heavy rains have undoubtedly uncovered new surfaces of the deposits. ‘The trip to Maui was very successful from the collecting standpoint. Of fresh specimens, 7,793 were collected in about three weeks, and in addition 955 fossil shells. ‘“Three large series of shells came to the Museum from Hawaii during the year, collected by Messrs. Forbes, Thurston and Gouveia. ‘‘A number of the fossil shells have to be specially prepared before they can be studied. Shells that are found in earth are boiled in a solution of Pear’s soap and syringed. ‘The result isa clean shell which in numerous instances shows the original color pattern. Specimens found in lime sand and earth deposits have to be carefully cleaned with dental tools before they are fit for study. The labor involved in preparing fit museum specimens of fossil material is usually much more than when the specimens are alive. “Of the remarkable species turned in during the year I will only mention three or four. Mr. Thurston has discovered a new species of Amastra on the island of Hawaii, which is the largest species of this genus recorded from this island. He also obtained two living typical specimens of Leptachatina tenuicostata Pse., which, so far as I know, are the only typical living examples of this species taken since it was discovered by Pease. ‘“Mr. Forbes found a remarkable new species of Sphvradtum and one of Aa/zel/la on the island of Hawaii which are entirely unlike any other species from our islands. ‘‘Mr. Thurston and Mr. Gouveia each found a fragment of a new species of dmastra. Both fragments agree rather closely and the species belongs to the group of Amastra spherica. The [148] Director's Annual Report. 2 o o>) x species of this group are only known, at present, from the island of Kauai and Maui. ‘‘A remarkable species of fossil xdodonta was found by your Curator on the Round Top road. In building the road a small pocket of fossil earth was uncovered by the workmen. ‘This /7do- donta is the only close relative of the extremely rare Andodonta stellula Gld. which is not at present represented in our collection. ‘“The manuscripts prepared by your Curator for the Manual of Conchology, dealing with Auriculella, klasmias, Tornatillina, Tornatillides and Tornatillaria, have nearly all appeared during the year. The Memoir on “xdodonta has received a good deal of at- tention during the year, and work on one of the groups has been completed. A shorter paper on new species of Amastra which have come to the Museum since Dr. Pilsbry’s final publication is in preparation, and as soon as all new species have been catalogued will be finished. ‘““Mr. W. H. Hoogs, Jr., very kindly gave his collection of Hawaiian land shells to the Museum on November oth. This collection, numbering about two thousand specimens, contains a number of interesting color forms of some of the Tantalus and near-by colonies. Gifts of shells have been catalogued from the following: Misses J. Kilbourne, A. and L. von Tempsky, A. T. Cooke and C. A Cooke; Messrs A. F. Judd, L. A. Thurston, ie Spalding, A. Govyeia, J. S. Emerson, T. C. White, D. T. Fleming, P. Spalding, C. H. Cooke and G. P. Cooke; Masters D. R. and C. Penhallow, EK. von Tempsky, M. Desnouee, H. and © M~ Cooke T1t.”” The Museum Library. ‘‘The annual reports of the Libra- rian during the five years since the removal of the Library to the new wing having been lists of accessions only, some details in regard to the nature and progress of the work in this department of the Museum may be of interest. “Library Records and Cataloguing. ‘The records of the Library consist of two accession registers in book form—one for serials, re- ceived chiefly by exchange, the other for single books and pam- phlets—and an alphabetical or dictionary card catalogue. A card catalogue is kept also of all publications sent to exchanges, and OCCASIONAL PAPERS B.P.B.M. VOL. VI, No. 3.—3. [149] 34 Director's Annual Report the returned acknowledgment cards are filed. A set of Concilium Bibliographicum cards for zoology occupies two cabinets, additions coming in from Zurich at irregular intervals. Much time has been given to the Library card catalogue. Although no attempt has been made to rewrite the whole, many new cards have been inserted to replace those which were torn or illegible; guide cards have been prepared, and new accessions as received are furnished with author and subject cards, if needed. Much cross-indexing of important works relating to the Pacific has been and is being done. Some of the subjects chosen for this work are: ‘Worship’, ‘Petroglyphs’, ‘Volcanoes, Hawaiian Islands’, ‘Birds, Hawaiian Islands’, ‘Birds, Australia’, ‘Russians in Hawaii’, ‘Burial Cus- toms’, ‘Tatu’. The value of this work has been felt already and the continuation of it will be of the greatest advantage. ‘‘Pamphlets. The classification and care of pamphlets is al- ways a source of difficulty to a librarian. In this Library ‘sepa- rates’ and other papers are classified and placed in pasteboard pamphlet cases labeled with the general subject. A list of con- tents is pasted on the outside of all boxes containing papers likely to be called for by the members of the staff. By this means a pamphlet is found as easily as a book. ‘‘Binding. Besides the repairing of torn pages or broken backs, there may be included here work on old volumes to make the material more available, such as the insertion of a table of contents, or pagination of a volume composed of several parts, each complete in itself. Our set of Pacific Voyages is being fur- nished with a list of the Pacific islands visited, inserted on the fly-leaf of the volume, and a list of illustrations is being placed in the folios of plates. The set of voyages, arranged in chronological order, has been labeled with author or commander’s name, and in some cases also the name of the ship. As many of these old vol- umes are entitled simply ‘Voyage round the World’, or have no binder’s title whatever, it is necessary to have some means of identification. Labels have been used very freely in all parts of the Library, especially on old books. ‘This work has made the Library of much more value for reference purposes, although much more of a similar nature remains to be done. [150] Director's Annual Report. 5 wy vu “Incomplete Serials. Much progress has been made in com- pleting serials published by museums and scientific societies. Ten important sets, each covering a long period of years, have been completed and large additions made to others. One of these, ‘Nature’, London, 1869 to date, has been completed in 1915; also our set of ‘Reports of the Governor of Hawaii to the Secretary of the Interior.’ Among the sets recently completed is the ‘Trans- actions of the Royal Society of Australia,’ which the Curators of ethnology and entomology have found quite indispensable in con- nection with work on the Helms collection. Sixteen serials, several of them long ones, now lack from one to five volumes each. If these missing parts are ever obtained, it will probably be one or two at a time from various sources after much search of catalogues and correspondence. ‘‘Some attention has been given to translation, chiefly detached passages from German authors, needed by members of the staff, but also business correspondence in regard to Museum matters. Some longer work, however, has been attempted including a lengthy article by Baessler on the aboriginal sacred enclosures of the Society Islands. ‘“‘A number of lists and compilations have been made for library use. For example, from the bibliographies of Jarves, Pease, Martin, Brigham, Griffin and others, of works relating to the Hawaiian Islands, a list has been made of all the Hawaiiana listed by them which it would be desirable to obtain for this Library. A German-English vocabulary of botanical terms with list of abbreviations used has been compiled, typewrttten and bound in amateur fashion for the Herbarium, the carbon copy serving for the Library. A finding list has been made to the set of Pacific Voyages, giving names of authors and commanders, names of the ships by which the voyages are generally known, the date of the voyage, and also the section and shelf where the volumes are to be found. Two lists of duplicates have been made: one of Hawaiiana, the other of general scientific pub- lications. ‘‘An effort has been made to increase the number of exchanges, which in 1910 numbered 113. In response to our letters offering exchange of publications, many appreciative replies and some [151] 36 Director's Annual Report. very valuable sets of publications have been received, including several complete sets, and several that lacked a few volumes only. Several institutions requesting exchanges have been refused on the ground that their publications were not within the field of the museum work. During 1915 the following have been added to our exchange list: American Fern Society, University of the Philippines, National Academy of Science. ‘“The total number of names now on the exchange list is 133. ‘’The total number of accessions in the five years since the removal of the Library is approximately 2000 volumes, and about three times as many pamphlets and parts. ‘There are at present on the shelves approximately 7300 volumes and several times as many pamphlets and parts. [152] 9 List of Accessions. ETHNOLOGICAL. By Gift. Anonymous friend of Henry Holmes, Esq. (B 674-1094) Basket for corals. Polynesian Islands. Three boar tusks. .South Pacific. Three shell adzes. Caroline Islands. Two necklets, three satchels, hat. Gilbert Islands. Male festival dress, mat. Ellice Islands. Kawa bowl and kawa. Samoa. Necklet of yellow shells. Niue. Basket.” Tonga. Wooden figure. Easter Island. Satchel, plaiting bark, wooden ornament, 5 adzes, grave marker. New Zealand. Six spears, 2 male dresses, 3 belts, 2 carved baobab nuts, gum cement, 2 axes, 5 wooden bowls, 2 wooden dishes, 4 clubs, 3 womera, 8 billetta womera, 4 adze womera, fire-making outfit, 3 message sticks, hank of hair thread, lumbar plume, 3 head plumes, 18 spear heads, 3 feather ornaments, 2 fur ornaments, 3 fur belts, hair cord, 3 head ornaments, 2 nose sticks, 3 hair pins, 3 etchings on bark, 2 bark troughs (Fig. 8), bark sample, 4 speci- mens of bark fibre, awl, pituri, neekar, mooler, spindle, graver, spinifex gum, 6 shields, 3 breast ornaments (Fig. 11), 13 bull- roarers, basket. Western Australia. Message stick, tooth necklet, 2 red necklets, knitted bag. Northern Territory. Hair and fur necklet. Central Australia. Twoclubs, adze club, adze womera, 2spears. South Australia. Two parrying shields, yechi, 4 clubs, 6 boomerangs, basket, axe handle, chisel, fire sticks, womera, scraper, 51 mill stones, IO ceremonial stones (Fig. 10), 34 axes. New South Wales. Sixaxes. Queensland. Three axes. Victoria. [153] 37 5. BARK TROUGHS. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. List of Accessions. 39 Five axes, pulverized bark, kitchenmidden shells. Australia. Water carrier, hat, 3 lime boxes, 2 spatulas, combs, 10 cone- shell armlets, 5 fibre armlets, 2 knitted bags, fibre dress, 26 arrows, 4 bows, 3 spears, wooden figure, basket. New Guinea. Five forehead discs (Fig. 12), basket, 35 shell arm rings. Bis- marck Archipelago. Sixty-five arrows, 5 bows, 2 nose sticks, 10 spears, axe model, canoe model, necklet, 2 armlets, fish-hook, chalk figure, 4 shell and tooth ornaments, 2 adzes, club, spear sheath. Solomon Islands. Twelve arrows, 4 dancing clubs, basket. Santa Cruz Ids. Two bows, yam knife, basket, pounder, drum. New Hebrides. Basket. Canada. Fly switch. South Africa. Four swords and daggers with carved ivory sheaths. Japan. Bruce Cartwright, Jr., Honolulu. (Barr 16) Cannon ball. Oahu. Geo. P. Cooke, Molokai. (B 520-522) Grindstone, adze, shell stop- per. Molokai. C. M. Cooke, III, Honolulu. (Bir123)) Ulumaika, polishing stone. 9. WOMERA. QUEENSLAND. Oahu. Mrs. C. N. Forbes, Honolulu. (B 1102-1105) Three coral files, ulumaika. Lanai. Abraham Haili, Hawaii. (B 524) Adze. Hawaii. F. Muir, Honolulu. (B 468) Musical instrument. Formosa. [155] ‘OI 1YHO c ‘IVINOW “SHNOWLS ‘SHTVM HLINOS MAN II. BREAST ORNAMENTS. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. I2. FOREHEAD ORNAMENTS. BISMARCK ARCHIPELAGO. 42 Director's Annual Report. Ben C. Oliviera, Honolulu. (B 1120-1122) Stone sinker, polishing stone, ulumaika. Hawaii. H. B. Penhallow, Maui. (B 661) Stone phallus. Maui. Sydney Powers, Boston. (B 669-670) Polishing stone, artefact. Hawaii. Philip Spalding, Honolulu. CB 1r25)) Shell for squid hook. Oahu. Patrick Walsh, Honolulu. (B17) Stone mortar. Oahu. Rev. W. D. Westervelt, Honolulu. (B 671) Mat. Marshall Islands. G. P. Wilder, Honolulu. (B 467) Skull. Oahu. C. Montague Cooke, Jr., Honolulu. (B 466) Ulumaika. Hawaii. August Perry, Honolulu. (B 1106) Ulumaika. Oahu. By Collection. C. Montague Cooke, Jr. (B 484-519; 523, 525-5375 002), 120) Five adzes, 3 hammers, 7 shells for squid hooks, bracelet shell, 22 shell beads, polishing stone, 2 coral files, 8 stone sinkers, 3 ulumaika, 2 shell stoppers, boat spike. Molokai. Adze, 2 hammers, 7 shells for squid hooks, splitting stone, drill point, 2 ulumaika. Molokai. Pestle. Maui. Shell for squid hook. Oahu. C. N. Forbes. (B 1095-1101) Six adzes, kitchenmidden shells. Hawaii. J.B 1G. Stokes. (B 651-658, 1107-1115, I119) Skeleton, 5 sinkers, sling-stone, 3 shells for squid hooks, 2 grindstones, 5 abrasive implements. Oahu. By Purchase. Adze chip, 2 sinkers, pounder, 3 ulumaika. Oahu. (B 459-465) Three sling-stones, noa stone, 4 ulumaika, adze, polisher, shell trumpets. Oahu. (B 472-483) [158] List of Accessions. 43 Adze, 3 ulumaika, 2 sling-stones. Oahu. (B 663-668) Two ulumaika. Oahu. (B 672-673) Adze, ulumaika. Oahu. CB EL, BETS) Poi board, poi pounder, kukuinut breaker. Hawaiian Ids. (B 469-471) By Loan. Edgar Henriques, Honolulu. (L 925-967) Shell coconut scraper, niho palaoa of limestone, olond board, Niihau mat, awa mortar, 16 koko, hau rope, kahili handle tool, 2 walrus tusks, 3 gourd bowls, Chinese shell trumpet, 4 gourd bottles, fish line gourd, gourd syringe, basket, bambu braid, olona net, coir net, surf board, shell trumpet, 2 kapa anvils. Hawaiian Islands. C. H. Dickey, Honolulu. (T, 968) Kapa dress. Hawaiian Islands. OTHER DEPARTMENTS. By Collection. John F. G. Stokes. (O 4735-4740, 4741, M 9010-9013, 9016, 9017, 9018-9023, 9024) Priofinus cuneatus, 4d, 2; Anas wyvilliana, egg; Epimys sp.,.4¢, 32; ditto skeletons; Geograpsis crinipes, ¢ and 9; Bythynis grandimanus; Palzemon debilis; Lepidodactylus lugu- bris, 2 specimens; Peropus mutilatus. Oahu. Sinclair and Stokes. Ablepharus boutonii, var. poecilopleurus, 5specimens. Oahu. eM. Cooke, Jr, and LL: Lepidodactylus lugubris; Ablepharus boutonii, var. poecilo- pleurus, 6 specimens. Oahu. August Perry. Hemidactylus garnotii. Oahu. ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. [Received by exchange unless otherwise indicated. | ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA. Royal Society of South Australia. — Transactions and Pro- ceedings, xxxviii. Also, xvi, 3 by purchase. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia (South Australian Branch ).— Proceedings, xv. [159] 44 Director's Annual Report. AUBURNDALE, MASSACHUSETTS. American Fern Society.—American Fern Journal, i-iv; v, 1-4. AUCKLAND, NEw ZEALAND. Auckland Institute and Museum.—Report, 1914-1915. BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. Johns Hopkins University. University Circular, 1915, 1-8. BARCELONA, SPAIN. Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes.— Boletin, 1ii,6.—Memorias, xi, 12-23.—Nomina del personal Academico, 1914-1915. BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. University of California. — Publications: American arche- ology and ethnology, x, title and index; xi, 3, 4.—Botany, v, 6-8; vi, 6-8.—Pathology, ii, 17.—Physiology, iv, 20, 21.—Zoology, xii, 4, II, 12; xv, 1; xvi, 1.—Chronicle, xvii, 1-4. Also 8 miscella- neous papers. BERNE, SWITZERLAND. Bern Historisches Museum.—Jahresbericht, 1914. Boston, MASSACHUSETTS. American Academy of Arts and Sciences.—Proceedings, 1, title and index; li, 1-6. Boston Society of Natural History.—Proceedings, xxxv, 2. Massachusetts Horticultural Society.—vTransactions, 1914, part ii; 1915, parti. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. Missionary Herald, xvii, xviii, xxii, xxv-xxvill, xxx-xli, xiii, xlv-xlix, li? purchased. Also xxii, xxiti, xxv, J) lvi) lame Ixxvi: given by Hawaiian Evangelical Association. Museum of Fine Arts.—Report, 1914.—Bulletin, xiii. Public Library.— Annual Report, 1914-1915.—Bulletin, viii, 1-3.—Shakespeare Tercentenary, 1616-1916. Boston, 1915. BOULDER, COLORADO. University of Colorado.— Bulletin, xiii, 4. Given by the University. BREMEN, GERMANY. Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein. —Abhandlungen, xxii, 2; xxiii, 1. Given by the Association. BRISBANE, QUEENSLAND. Queensland Museum.—Memoirs, ii. Royal Society of Queensland.—Proceedings, 1914; index to vols. 1-xxv. [160] List of Accessions. 45 BROOKLYN, NEW YORK. Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences.— Science Bulletin, 11, 5.—Brooklyn Museum Quarterly, i, 4; ii, 1, 2. BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires.—Anales, xxvi. de los tomos, i-xx, 1864-1911. Indices BUITENZORG, JAVA. Jardin Botanique. — Bulletin, xvii, xviii.—Catalogus Her- Patii-..... Batavia, ror. CALCUTTA, INDIA. Indian Museum.—Annual Report, 1913-1914.—Records, viii, 5, 6; 1x, title and index; x, 2-6.—Memoirs, iii, 4; iv, title and index.—Echinoderma, viii. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. Harvard University Library.—Annual Report, 1914.—Special Publication, v. Museum of Comparative Zoology.—Bulletin, lv, 4; lix, 1-8.— Memoirs, xxiv, 1,°3; x1, 9; xl, text and plates. Peabody Museum.—Annual Report, 1913-1914. CAPETOWN, SOUTH AFRICA. South African Museum.—Annals, ix, 4; xii, 2, 3; xiii, 4; Xiv, I; xv, 1, 2.—Annual Report, 1914. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. Field Museum.—Anthropological Series, vii, title page and index.—Report Series, iv, title page and index.—Publications, 177, 180-185. CINCINNATI, OHIO. Cincinnati Museum Association.—Annual Report, 1913, 1914. —Annual Exhibition of American Art, 1915. Given by the Association. COLOMBO, CEYLON. Colombo Museum.— Spolia Zeylanica, i-v; ix, parts xxiv- xxxvi, title. DETROIT, MICHIGAN. Detroit Museum of Art.—Bulletin, ix, 1-3; x, 1, 3, 4. Given by the Museum. DRESDEN, GERMANY. Verein fiir Erdkunde.— Mitteilungen, ii, 1-4, 6, 10, title; 1, title. [161] 46 Director's Annual Report. DUNEDIN, NEW ZEALAND. Otago University Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. Given by the Curator. EDINBURG, SCOTLAND. Royal Society of Edinburgh.—Proceedings, xxxiv, 3; xxxv, I and 2. FLORENCE, ITALY. Sociéta Italiana di Antropologia.—Archivio per 1’ Antropo- logia e la Etnologia, xliv, 2-4.—Rendiconti delle adunanze, rg14. GoTHA, GERMANY. Petermanns Mitteilungen, current numbers. Purchased. HAMBURG, GERMANY. Hamburg Kolonialinstitut.—Abhandlungen, xx. Received from the Hamburg Museum fur Volkerkunde. HONOLULU, HAWAII. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry. Gen- eral Circular, 1.—Annual Report, 1911-1912; 1913-1914. Crossroads of the Pacific, 0, 36,39. “Given by Dr. Warde Brigham. Hawaiian Almanac and Annual, 1915, 1916. Given by Mr. Thos. G. Thrum. Hawaiian Entomological Society.—Proceedings, iii, I, 2. Given by the Society. Hawaiian Evangelical Association.— Annual Report, 1915. Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society.—Annual Report, 1915. Given by Albert F. Judd, Esq. Mid-Pacific Magazine, ix; x; x1, I. Oahu College.—Annual Report, 1914-1915. Paradise of the Pacific, xxvili, 1915. Given by the Editor. U. S. Agricultural Experiment Station. — Bulletin, 36 (two copies), 37-40.—Press Bulletin, 48-50. U. S. Weather Bureau.—Climatological Data, Dec., 1913; Dec., 1914; Jan.-Oct., 1915.— Annual Summary, 1913, I914. Given by the Bureau. Woman’s Board of Missions.—Annual Report, 1913. LAWRENCE, KANSAS. University of Kansas.—Science Bulletin, ix. LANCASTER, PENN. American Anthropological Association.—American Anthro- pologist, xvii, 1-3.—Memoirs, 11, 6. Purchased. [ 162} List of Accessions. 47 LEIDEN, HOLLAND. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum.—Verslag van den Directeur, 1913-1914. Internationales Archiv fur Ethnographie, General-Register zu Band i-xx (1888-1912). Purchased. Résultats de l’expédition néerlandaise ala Nouvelle-Guinée.— Nova Guinea, vii, 2; viii, 6; xiii, 1. Purchased. LEIPZIG, GERMANY. Deutsche Ornithologische Gesellschaft.—Journal fiir Orni- thologie, current numbers. Purchased. Museum ftir Volkerkunde.—Veroffentlichungen, Heft 5. LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND. Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.—Annals, viii, 3, 4, title 1x, 1=3: LONDON, ENGLAND. Hakluyt Society.—Publications, 2d series, xiv, xv, xxxii, smi. Purchased. Royal Anthropological Institute.—Journal, xliv, 2. Also Index to Publications, 1843-1891; and Translations, 1 and 5. Given by the Institute.—Tranlations, 3. Purchased.— Man, cur- rent numbers. Purchased. Royal Colonial Institute.—Proceedings, xii-xxx, 1880-1893. Purchased. Royal Geographical Society.—Proceedings, ii, 111, 1858-1859. Purchased. Periodicals by purchase :— Journal of Botany, current numbers. Journal of Ecology, current numbers. Nature, current numbers. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, current numbers. MADRAS, INDIA. Madras Government Museum.—Annual Report, 1914-1915. MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Bureau of Science.—Philippine Journal of Science: A (gen- eral science), ix, 4-6; x, 1-5. B (medical science), ix, 5, 6; x, 1-4. C (botany), ix, 4-6; x, 1-3. D (general biology and ethnology), eA Oy ex. 1-3. MELBOURNE, VICTORIA. National Museum.—Memoirs, vi. Royal Society of Victoria.—Proceedings, xxvili. Also x, 1874, by purchase. Victorian Review, Nos. 44-46, 1883. Purchased. [163] 48 Director's Annual Report. MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. Book Review Digest, x, 1-5, 7-11. Given by Oahu College Library. University of Minnesota.—Minnesota Geological Survey Bulle- tin, 11, 12.—Miscellaneous papers, 8. NEUCHATEL, SWITZERLAND. Société Neuchateloise de Géographie.—Bulletin, xxiii, 1914. NEw HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. American Journal of Science, 1914, 1915. Purchased. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.—Memoirs, iv.— Transactions, xix, pp. I-110; xx, pp. 1-160. NEw PLyMourH, NEw ZEALAND. Polynesian Society.—Journal, xxiii, title, index; xxiv, 1, 2. NEw York, NEw York. American Geographical Society.—Bulletin, title, xlvi, index; xlvii.—Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.— Annual Report, 1913, 1914. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. American Museum of Natural History.— Annual Report, LOr4.— Anthropological Papers, xi, 7-10; xii, “2-35 -xitle 2 ye Xvil, 1.—Bulletin, xxiii.mGuide Leaflets, 4o-43.—Journal, xv, 1-7. New York Botanical Garden.—Bulletin, 32. New York Zoological Society.—Zoologica, i, 19, 20; 1, I, 2. Science, xli, xlii. Given by Dr. Wm. T. Brigham. NORWICH, ENGLAND. Castle Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. Given by the Museum. OBERLIN, OHIO. Wilson Ornithological Club.—Wilson Bulletin, xxvi, 4; title, index; xxvii, 1-3. Given by Oberlin College. OTTAWA, CANADA. Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1913.—Annual Report, Anthropological Division, 1913.—Memoirs, 30, 34, 36, 38 (3 vols.), 46, 56, 57, 59, 61-65, 67-71, 74, 75, 78, 79.—Museum Bulletin, 6, 9-19. Royal Society of Canada.—Transactions, viii; ix, 1. PARIS, FRANCE. Ecole d’Anthropologie.—Revue Anthropologique, xxv, 1-6, g-Il. Revue Générale de Botanique, current numbers. Purchased. Société d’ Anthropologie.—Bulletins et Mémoires, vi série, iv, 2-6, title, index; v, 1-3. [164] List of Accessions. 49 PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. Academy of Natural Sciences.—Proceedings, Ixvi, 3; lxvii, I, 2.—Journal, xvi, 2.—Manual of Conchology, current numbers. Purchased. American Philosophical Society.— Proceedings, 216-219.— ‘Lransactions, nl. S., xxii, 3. Philadelphia Museums.—Annual Report, 1914. University of Pennsylvania Museum.—Anthropological Pub- lications, vi, 2.—Babylonian Section, iv, 1, 2; vii; viii, 1; ix, 1; x, 1.—Journal of the Museum, v, 4, title, index; vi, 1-3. Wagner Free Institute.—Annual Announcement, 1915-1916. PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. Carnegie Museum.—Annals, ix, 3, 4.—Memoirs, vi, 7.—An- nual Report, 1914-1915.—Founder’s Day Proceedings, 1915. PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. Roger Williams Park Museum.—Bulletin, v, 4-6; vii, 1-2. RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. L Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.—-Memorias, vi, 3, title, index. Museu Nacional.—Archivos, xvi, 1911. ROME, ITALY. Instituto di Geografia fisica e Vulcanologia della R. Univer- sita de Catania.—Four papers by Gaetano Platania. Given by the Institute. St. Louis, MISsouRI. Missouri Botanical Garden.—Annals, i, 4, title, index; ii, 1-3. Washington University.—Studies, series ii, part 11, no. Ir. Given by the University. SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. California Academy of Sciences.—Proceedings, 3d series.— Geology, ii, title, index.—Mathematics, i, title, index.—Zoology, iv, 4, 5, title, index.—Proceedings, 4th series, i, title, index; iii, title; index; iy, pp. 15-1605, v, pp. 1-110: SAOLEAUEO;, BRAZIT,. Museu Paulista.—Revista, ix. SARAWAK, BORNEO. Sarawak Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA. Leland Stanford Junior University.—Trustees Series, 26.— University Bulletin, 81.—University Series, 18-20. OCCASIONAL PAPERS B.P.B.M. VOL. VI, No. 3—4. [165 ] 50 Director's Annual Report. STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. Kongl. Vitterhets Historie och Antiqvitets Akademien.— Fornvannen, 1914.—Antikvarisk Tidskrift, xxi, 1. SuvA, Fiji. Fijian Society.— Transactions, 1914. Given by the Society. Na Mata, Nov., 1914—Nov., 1915. SYDNEY, NEw SouTH WALES. Australian Museum.—Annual Report, 1915.—Special cata- logue: Nests and eggs of birds, iv, 5, title, index. Department of Agriculture.—Agricultural Gazette, xxvi.— Science Bulletin, 10, 13. Department of Mines, Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1914.—Mineral Resources, 18, 19. Department of Trade and Customs.—Fisheries, ii, 5; iii, 1-6, and special number. Linnean Society of New South Wales.—Proceedings, xxxix, BAC, Te, Royal Society of New South Wales.—Journal and Proceed- ings, xlvaAit, 3 4, title, index; sclix, m2. Technological Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. TRING, ENGLAND. Zoological Museum.—Novitates Zoologicee, current numbers. Purchased. UNIVERSITY, NoRTH DAKOTA. University of North Dakota.—-Bulletin, vii. Given by the Unversity. UPSALA, SWEDEN. University of Upsala.—Zoologiska Bidrag, 111, 1914. VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Provincial Museum.—Annual Report, 1914. WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Archeological Institute of America.—Art and Archeology, current numbers. Purchased. Bureau of American Ethnology.—Bulletin, 46, 57. Carnegie Institution of Washington.—Publications: 159, part iii; 175, 11; 203-205,,207, 200-212, 216, 218,221, 222; 223, iyo, 230, 235.— Yearbook, 1914.— List of Publications. — Carnegie Institution, Scope and Organization, 1915. National Academy of Sciences.—Proceedings, i, I-11. [ 166 | List of Accessions. 51 Smithsonian Institution.—Annual Report of the Board of Regents, 1913, 1914.—Miscellaneous Collections, Ixiii, 8-10, title; Dey, 1-8, 10-13. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries.—Commissioner’s Report for 1913, with appendices.—Bulletin, xxxii, xxxiii.—Economic Circular, 14, 15.—Bulletin vi and two separates by purchase. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.—Annual Report, 1892-1893, 1902. Purchased.—Coast Pilot Notes on the Hawaiian Islands, Washington, 1912: Results of observations made at the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey’s observatory near Honolulu, r1g911- 1912. Given by the Survey. U. S. Commissioner of Labor.—Report on Hawaii, 1901, 1902. U. S. Congress.— Hawaiian Investigation, iii, 1903.— Decrees of the Supreme Court of Hawaii, 1899.—Act to provide a govern- ment for the Territory of Hawaii, 1900.—Report amending the Organic Act.—Report of Committee on Foreign Relations, ii. Washington, 1894.—U. S. President’s messages relating to the Hawaiian Islands, 1893-1894 (7 papers).—Instructions to diplo- matic and naval officers relating to Hawaiian affairs, 1893. Purchased. U. S. Department of Agriculture.—Bulletins, 171, 185, 187, 205, 217, 280, 292, 301.—Farmers’ Bulletins, 630, 670, 692.—North American Fauna, 37-39. Given by the Department. — North American Fauna, 14, 17, 18, 24, 26.—Bureau of Entomology Bul- letins: 60; 75, part 5; 109, part 1; 93.—Bureau of Plant Industry Bulletin, 264.—Office of Experiment Stations Bulletin, 90. Pur- chased. U.S. Department of Commerce and Labor.—Statistical Ab- stract for 1914. Given by the Department.—-Statistics for Hawaii, 1O10., Purchased: U.S. Department of the Interior.—Report of the Governor of Hawaii, 1901, 1903, 1906, 1907, 1908. Purchased. U. S. Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1914.—Annual Report of the Director of the Geophysical Laboratory.—Bulletins 541, 544, 559-563, 565-570, 572, 573, 576, 580 L-M, 581 C-H, 582, 587, 589-591, 593-596, 598, 600-605, 607, 608, 611-615, 617-620 A-I, 621 A-H, G.—Mineral Resources, 1913, part 1, 19-26, title, index; 1913, part il, 31-36; 1914, i, 1-13; ii, I-19, 21-30.—Monographs, liii, liv. Professional Papers, 90 F-L, title; 95 A-I.—Water- [167] 52 Director's Annual Report. Supply Papers, 312, 326, 329-331, 335, 338, 340 D-L, 344, 345 G-I, 347-350, 352-358, 365, 367, 369-371, 373, 375 A-F, 376-388. U.S. National Museum.—Annual Report, 1914.—Bulletin 71, part 5; 88-91, 92 (2 vols.); 82, vol. i, part 1.—Proceedings, xlvii, xlviii.—Special Bulletins: American Hydroids, iii. WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND. Dominion Museum.—Annual Report, 1915.—Natural Histor publications, 1873-1881. Given by the Library of Hawaii. New Zealand Institute.—Transactions and Proceedings, xlvii. ZURICH, SWITZERLAND Naturforschende Gesellschaft.—Neujahrsblatt, 1915, 1, 2.— Vierteljahrsschrift, 1914. MISCELLANEOUS. Agassiz, Louis.—Bibliographia zoologiz et geologiz. 4 vols. London, 1848-1854. Given by the Library of Hawaii. Allen, Joel Asaph.—History of North American Pinnipeds. Wash- ington, 1880. Anrep-Elmpt, Reinhold.—Australien. Leipzig, 1886. Anson’s Voyage. History of Commodore Anson’s voyage by a midshipman on board the Centurion. London, 1767. Baillon, H.—Histoire des plantes. 13 vols. Paris, 1867-1894. Bateson, W.—Mendel’s principles of heredity. Cambridge, 1913. Beddard, Frank E.—Structure and classification of birds. London, 1898. Bowen, N. L,.—Crystallization of Haplobasaltic.... New Haven, ro15. (Separate.) (Given by Dr- Arthur Day. Broca, Paul.—On the phenomena of hybridity in the genus homo. London, 1864. Brosses, de.—Histoire des navigations aux terres australes. 2 vols. Paris, 1756. Chapman, A. W.—Flora of the southern United States. 3d ed. New York, n. d. Cheeseman, T. F. and Hemsley, W. B.—IUllustrations of the New Zealand flora. 2vols. Wellington, 1914. Given by the New Zealand Government. [168] List of Accesstons. 53 Coke, Henry J.—A ride over the Rocky Mountains....with a glance at some of the tropical islands. London, 1852. Conference of Governors.—Proceedings of a conference of gover- nors inthe White House, Washington, D.C. Washington, 1909. D’Albertis, L. M.—New Guinea: What I did and what I saw. 2 vols. London, 1880. Daly, R. A.—Some chemical conditions in the pre-Cambrian ocean. (Separate.) Stockholm, rgr2. Bennett, R. E.—At the back of the black man’s mind. London, 1906. D’ Ewes, J.—China, Australia and the Pacific Islands in the years 1855-1856. London, 1857. Dilke, C. W.—Greater Britain. 2 vols. London, 1868. Douglas, David.—Journal kept by David Douglas....1823-1827. London, 1914. Elschner, Carl.—Leeward islands of the Hawaiian group. Hono- lulu, 1915. Given by the author. Festetics, Rodolphe (de Tolna).—Chez les cannibales. Paris, 1903. Fountain, Paul.—Rambles of an Australian naturalist. London, 1907. Fritz, Georg.—Die Zentralkarolinische Sprache. Berlin, rg11. Frobenius, Leo.— Childhood of man. Tr. by A. H. Keane. London, 1909. Funk & Wagnall’s Standard Dictionary. New York, 1914. Golder, F. A.—Russian expansion on the Pacific, 1641-1850. Cleveland, 1914. Gray, Asa.—Gray’s school and field book of botany. New York, 1872. Given by the heirs of the Stangenwald Estate. Griffin, A. P. C.—List of books on Samoa and Guam. Washing- ton, I9OI. Guam Survey.—Report of the Guam Survey Board to the Secre- tary of the Navy. Washington, 1902. Guillemard, Arthur C.—Over land and seas. London, 1875. Gulick, Sydney L.—Hawaii’s American-Japanese problem. Hono- lulu, 1915. Given by the author. Gunther, Albert.—Account of the zoological collection made dur- ing the visit of H. M. S. Petrel to the Galapagos Islands. London, 1877. (Separate.) [169] 54 Director's Annual Report. Hawaiian Phrase Book.—Na huaolilo a me na olelo kikeke ma ka olelo Beretania a me ka olelo Hawaii. Honolulu, 1906. (Copyright by J. H. Soper.) Henslow, George.—Origin of plant structures. London, 1895. Hussey, H.—Australian Colonies; together with notes of a voy- age...-in 1854. London, n. d. Jaggar, T. A., Jr.—Cross of Hawaii: A discussion of the age of Kilauea. Honolulu, 1912. Given by the author. (Jay, John C.).—Catalogue of shells contained in the collection of John C. Jay. New York, 1839. Kew, H. W.—Dispersal of shells. London, 1893. Koebel, W. H.—In the Maoriland bush. London, n. d. Lafond (de Lurcy), Gabriel.—Quinze ans de voyages autour du monde, 1818-1833. Vols. i, ii. Paris, 1840. Lubbock, John.—Ants, bees, and wasps. London, 1882. Marjoribanks, Alexander.—Travels in New Zealand. London, 1846. Martin, Rudolf.—Lehrbuch der Anthropologie. Jena, 1914. Milne, John.—Seismology. 2d edition. London, 1908. Moseley, H. N.—Notes by a naturalist on the ‘‘Challenger’’. London, 1879. Newell, F. H.—Hawaii: its natural resources and opportunities for home-making. Washington, 1909. Nicol, John.—Life and adventures of John Nicol, mariner. Lon- don and Edinburgh, 1822. (Nicol visited the Hawaiian Islands with Portlock and Dixon.) Pease, Wm. Harper,—Synonymy of marine gasteropode inhabit- ing Polynesia. Philadelphia, 1868. (Separate. ) Penrose, John.—Lives of Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Penrose and Captain James Trevenen. London, 1850. (Trevenen accom- panied Cooke on his last voyage.) Pffeiffer, Louis.—Novitates conchologice. Series prima. 5 vols. Cassel, 1854-1879. Pfeil, Joachim.—Studien und Beobachtungen aus der Sudsee. Braunschweig, 1899. Pinkerton, John.—Collection of voyages, vol. xi. (Asiatic islands, Australasia and Polynesia). London, 1812. Poe, Edgar A.—Conchologist’s first book. Philadelphia, 1840. Given by the heirs of the Stangenwald Estate. [170] List of Accessions. 55 Rabone, 5.—Vocabulary of the Tonga language. Vavau, 1845. Ribbe, Carl.—Zwei Jahre unter den Kannibalen der Salomo- Inseln. Dresden-Blasewitz, 1903. Rivers, W. H. R.—Kinship and social organization. London, 1914. Roquefeuil, Camille de.—Voyage round the world, 1816-1819. London, 1823. Rouhaud, Hippolyte.—Les régions nouvelles. Paris, 1868. Schaffrath, K. J.—Sudseebilder. Berlin, 1909. Schauinsland, H.—Ein Besuch auf Molokai. Bremen, 1900. Schmeltz, J. D. E.—Schnecken und Muscheln im Leben der Vol- ker Indonesiens und Oceaniens. Leiden, 1894. Schulenburg, A. Graf von der.—Grammatik....der Sprache von Murray Island. Leipzig, n. d. Senfft, A.—Worterverzeichniss der Sprache der Marshall-Insu- laner. Berlin, 1900. Sievers, Wilhelm.—Australien und Ozeanien. Leipzig und Wien, 1895. Smythe, W. J. (Mrs.)—Ten months in the Fiji Islands. Oxford and London, 1864. Steele, Joshua.—Account of a musical instrument which was brought by Captain Fourneaux from the Isle of Amsterdam in 1774. London, 1775. (Separate.) Strzelecki, P. EK. de.—Physical description of New South Wales and Van Diemen’s Land. London, 1845. Also supplement. London, 1856. Sykes, E. R.—Twelve papers on mollusca. 1903-1905. Taranaki oil wells.—Reports and analysis of oil. New Plymouth, IgI2. Thalheimer, August.—Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Pronomina per- sonalia und possessiva der Sprache Mikronesiens. Stuttgart, 1908. Thomas, Pascoe.—Journal of a voyage to the South Seas under the command of Commodore George Anson. London, 1745. Vincendon.—Dumoulin and Desgraz, C.—Iles Marquises. Paris, 1843. Virchow, Rudolph.—The origin of man. (Separate, n. p., n. d.) Voyage through the islands of the Pacific ocean. Dublin, 1824. (Anon. ) [171] 56 Director's Annual Report. Washington, H.S.,and Day, Arthur L,.—Present condition of the volcanoes of Southern Italy. New York, 1915. (Separate.) Wawn, W. T.—South Sea islanders and the Queensland labour trade. London, 1893. Westropp, Hodder, M.—Primitive symbolism. London, 1885. Prehistoric phases. London, 1872. Westropp, Hodder M. & Wake, C. Staniland. Ancient symbol worship. New York, 1875. Wilkinson, Hugh.—Sunny lands and seas. London, 1883. Williamson, Robert W.—Ways of the South Sea savage. Lon- don, 1914. Wood, Harry O.—On the earthquakes of 1868 in Hawaii. San Francisco, 1914. (Separate.) SUMMARY OF LIBRARY ACCESSIONS FOR I9QI5. Volumes received by exchange. ....-.--sseeee eee cece ee cece ee ceee to8 Volumes received by purchase elie Sia alaatetoyetelel eves wvoletoreyetoverele’ tsiskevouetsrate 131 Volumes received by gift ...--. 2... eee cece cece ee cece e cece ee eees 15—254 Parts and pamphlets received by exchange -.----.+++++.++e++++5- 474 Parts and pamphlets received by purchase--++++++++++-e creer eee 137 Parts and pamphlets received by gift. +--+ +--+ ++ee-e cece ee ee ee eee IoI—712 MIKO tad lhe enehevateuaisisvey one voioheveicheveselcichesuoleve tele mehsistenciteltet ota esisltey clos enevenelolcdedsia lay etehelioke 966 Engravings: View of Honolulu about 1858, purchased. Portrait of Kamehameha II (colored lithograph), purchased. Portrait of Kamamalu (colored lithograph), purchased. Drawing. Maps: Five purchased, 1 (map of Fiji) given by the Fiji Lands Department. Photograph: Portrait of Alexander II of Russia. Given by C. Hedeman, Esq. [172] News Elawanan Plants. —V . CHARLES N. FORBES. APRIL, 1916. 58 Director's Annual Report. Labordia kaale, sp. nov. Arbuscula 36 dm. alta; foliis ellipticis vel elliptico-oblongis, basi trunca- tis, emarginatis vel sub-cordatis, apice acutis, subtus tomentosis, 8.2-12.2 cm. longis, 4.3-5.8 cm. latis, cum petiolis, 1.1-1.5 cm. longis; floribus viridis, paniculato-cymosis, bracteis subulatis; calyce pubescente, lobis lanceolatis, 2-4 mm. longis; corolla glabra, tuba gracili, g-ro mm. longa, lobulis triangu- laris, 2-3 mm. longis, ovario pubescenti. Capsula ignota. Type locality, ridges of Kaala at the head of Mokuleia valley, Oahu. ©: N. Forbes, No. 1790,0.- “Aipstizo i912: A slender tree 36 dm. high, with dark bark. Leaves ellipti- cal to elliptic-oblong in outline, with the base slightly truncate and emarginate or sub-cordate, apex acute, glabrous above, pale below with fine tomentum, 8.2-12.2 cm. long, 4.3-5.8 cm. wide, with petioles 1.1-1.5 cm. long. Flowers greenish, many, 9 to 25, on a distinctly peduncled, pubescent, paniculate cyme, the bract- lets subulate. Calyx divided to near the base, the lobes lanceo- late, pubescent, 2-4 mm. long. Corolla with a slender tube of about 9-10 mm. in length and triangular lobes of about 2-3 mm. long, glabrous. Anthers projecting beyond the tube. Ovary pubescent. Capsule not seen. This is most probably closest related to L. membranacea Mann, the inflorescence resembling that of Z. ¢¢mzfolia Gray. [174] Flora Hawaiiensis. Collected by ©. N. Forbes on Ohatm Rabo NeRen xl ee Grrobton [bpp of [fort 7 te oe Ata WheNICe BARA Bison Sow LABORDIA KAALA® FORBES. 60 Director's Annual Report. Labordia Lydgateii, sp. nov. Frutex vel arbuscula, ramulis pubescentibus; foliis ellipticis vel obovatis, supra glabris, subtus hirsutis, 5.9-7.4 cm. longis, 2.1-2.9 cm. latis, cum petio- lis o-3 mm. longis; cymis 6-21 floris, pilosis, bracteis subulatis; floribus par- vis, flavis; calyce lobis lanceolatis, 2 mm. longis, corolla glabra, tuba gracili, 5 mm. longa, lobulis lanceolatis, 2.5—3 mm. longis. Capsula globosa, 4 mm. lata, 2-valvis. Type locality, Wahiawa drainage basin, Kauai; ridges near the swamp. Rev. J. M. Lydgate, flowering and fruiting speci- mens, nodate. C.N.Forbes, No. 179, K. August, 1909, flower- ing specimens. Shrub or small tree with pubescent branchlets. Leaves ellip- tical to obovate in outline, glabrous above, hirsute below, 5.9-7.4 cm. long, 2.1-2.9 cm. wide, with petiole not over 3 mm. long. The cyme open, slender and pilose, 6—-21-flowered. Flowers small, pale yellow. Calyx parted to near the base, the lobes lanceolate, 2mm. long, a little less than half the length of the corolla tube. Corolla glabrous without, pilose within, the slender tube about 5 mm. long; the slender spreading, lanceolate lobes, about one half that length or slightly longer. Capsule globose, smooth, not winged, 2-valved, 4 mm. in diameter. This species has smaller fruits than any other species known to me. In general appearance the plant might suggest L. hzrtella Mann, but the floral characters are essentially different. [176] Flora Hawaiiensis. cvetin Auydacti nn. ato tp pheomnre RA fF orm tad WV. Fintro funn SOF LABORDIA LYDGATEII FORBES. 62 Director's Annual Report. Haplostachys Munroii, sp. nov. Pilosa; foliis oblongo-cordatis, acutis, crenatis, villosis, 7.7-14 cm. longis, 3.7-9.7 cm. latis, cum petiolis, 4.2-9.3 cm. longis; racemis terminalibus, sim- pliciis, 2-2.5 dm. longis, floribus oppositis, pedicellis 2 mm. longis; calyce grandi, 1.7 cm. longa, lobis acutis, 3 mm. longis, pubescenti; corolla alba, grandi, pubescenti, tubo 2.2 cm. longo. Type locality, Paomai, Lanai. G.C. Munro, No. 350. June 16, 1914. Also Koa, Lanai. G.C. Munro, No. 486. February 23. 19165 Sub-erect, the squarish branches pilose. Leaves oblong-cor- date in outline, apex acute, rather coarsely crenate, villose on both faces, rather thin in texture, 7.7-14 cm. long, 3.7-9.7 cm. wide, with villose petioles 4.2-9.3 cm. long. Inflorescence a simple terminal raceme, 2-2.5 dm. long, the flowers opposite on pedicels 2 mm. long, the bracts lanceolate 7 mm. long. Calyx large, obconical or obconic-cylindrical, softly pubescent, with a few scattering longer hairs, 1.7 cm. long, the very short acute teeth 3 mm. long. Corolla large, pure white, the tube slightly curved, 2.2 cm. long; the lower lip 1.6 cm. long, upper lip 8 mm. long, pubescent. Nucules large, slightly glandular at the top, 7 mm. long. The flowers have a strong aroma, according to Munro. The species is somewhat intermediate between /7. Grayana Hbd. and ff. truncata (Gray) Hbd., coming closest to the latter. From /7/. truncata it differs in the acute calycine teeth, and in the larger cordate leaves. The genus has not been reported from Lanai. [178] Flora Hawaiiensis Cntlested by GCs Mune in fon aay HAPLOSTACHYS MUNROII FORBES. 64 Director's Annual Report. Phyllostegia electra, sp. nov. Holoseriacea; foliis elleptico-lanceolatis, serratis, acuminatis, basi acutis vel subrotundatis, subtus hispidulis, 6.7-9 cm. longis, 2.5-4.4 cm. latis, cum petiolis 1.3-3.5 em. longis; racemis terminalibus, simpliciis vel paniculatis, 2 dm. longis, pedicellis 0.6-1 cm. longis; floribus parvis, calyce holoseriacei, tuba 5 mm. longa, lobis lanceolato-linearibus, 2 mm. longis, corolla alba, pubescenti, 9 mm. longa, labiis subeequalibus. Type locality, Power line trail between Kapaka and Kualapa, Kauai. C. N. Forbes, No. 143, K. August 6-9, 1909. Sub-erect with holoseriaceous branches. Leaves elliptic-lan- ceolate, serrate, acuminate, the base acute or slightly rounded, hispidulous or nearly glabrate above, very shortly hispid below, 6.7-9 cm. long, 2.5-4.4 cm. wide, with petiole 1.3—-3.5 cm. long. Inflorescence a simple terminal raceme, or with a pair of lateral racemes from the larger foliaceous bracts below. ‘The lanceolate foliaceous bracts decrease in size upward, generally shorter than the pedicels. Flowers in whorls of 4-6 on pedicels 0.6—-1 cm. long. Calyx holoseriaceous, the tube 5 mm. long, the teeth linear lance- olate, 2mm. long. Corolla white, the tube nearly straight pubes- cent, 9 mm. long, the lips nearly equal, one third the length of the tube. Separated from other species of Phyllostegia by the combina- tion of its characters. The right hand branch of the figured specimens is teratological. ‘The branch is contorted, bent like a knee and thickened on the outside at the flowering node, the inner or opposite pedicels being absent. [180] PHYLLOSTEGIA ELECTRA FORBES, 66 Director's Annual Report. Stenogyne affinis, sp. nov. Pubescens; foliis ellipticiis vel elleptico-oblongis, obtusis, basi obtusis vel subrotundatis, pubescentibus, crenatis, 1.4-2.4 cm. longis, 0.9-1.2 em. latis, cum petiolis pubescentibus 0.6-1.1 cm. longis; verticillastris bifloris, pedicellis pubescentibus 3 mm. longis; calyce pubescente, lobis inaequalis 2mm. longis, tuba 6 mm. longa; corolla pubescente, subviride, annulo integer- rimo, lobis superiore falcato longe producto; staminibus exsertis; nucellis 5 mm. longis. Type locality, Puu Huluhulu, Hawaii. C.N. Forbes, No. S24; HS Jdned2. 1915: Diffuse, with sharply angular, finely pubescent branches. Leaves elliptical to elliptic-oblong in outline, obtuse or slightly rounded at the base, crenate, pubescent on both faces, 1.4-2.4 cm. long, 0.g-1.2 cm. wide, with pubescent petioles 0.6—-1.1 cm. long. Flowers in whorls of two, on pubescent pedicels 3 mm. long. Calyx pubescent, sub-bilabiate, the obtuse teeth slightly unequal in length, hardly 2 mm. long, the tube 6 mm. long, veins quite distinct. Corolla greenish, tomentose, shaped asin S, mzcrophylla Benth., annulus complete or nearly so. Filaments and style long exerted, slightly hairy to glabrous. Nucules 5 mm. long. This species has about the same relationship to S. mzcrophylla Benth., that S. vagans Hbd. does to S. crenata Gray. From S. microphylla it differs most strikingly in its much larger pubescent leaves and laxer habit. Puu Huluhulu isa cinder cone of Mauna Kea which has become isolated by lava flows from the north side of Mauna Loa. [182] Flora Hawaiiensis. Collected by C. N. Forbes on Hawalt. Veet yy Fie No pp—L~ Qinre I -4 745— rRpamney Beanie VAUAI Hieuor Moeceot 1 STENOGYNE AFFINIS FORBES. 68 Director's Annual Report. Cyanea Juddii sp. nov. Caule simplici, 12 dm. altus; foliis lato-lanceolatis, membranaceis, integer- rimis, subter pubescentibus, 6 dm. longis, 18 cm. latis, cum petiolis aculeis, 2.5 dm. longis; pedunculis 6-9 cm. longis, cum bracteis linearis ab base ad apicem, pedicellis bi-bracteis; floribus magnis, calyce puberulente vel gla- brata, lobis linearibus, obtusis, fimbriatis, 9-10 mm. longis, corolla falciformi, extus pubescente 3.2-3.8 cm. longa. Bacca ignota. Type locality, Pali at the head of Waiahole Valley, Oahu. Only one specimen was seen during a trip in the comany of Messrs. Albert. Judd, Dr. '(C. .M. Cooke and others. ‘C. IN. Forbes, No: 1744, O.. February 651912: Stem 12 dm. high, without branches. Leaves widely lanceo- late, entire, glabrous above, finely pubescent below, especially along the nerves and mid-vein which is also sparingly aculeate, 6 dm. long, 18 cm. wide, with a petiole 2.5 dm. long, sparingly armed with short, stout, yellowish prickles. Peduncles 6-9 cm. long, clothed from the base with linear oblong, obtuse bracts, which are finely fimbriate, 9-16 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, the 5-10 flowers near the apex, the pedicels bi-bracteate near the middle. Calyx sparingly puberulent or glabrous, the tube obconical, 6 mm. long, the lobes linear oblong, obtuse, with the edges finely serrate. Corolla falciform, striped with dark purple and white, densely puberulent but appearing glabrous in dried specimens, glabrous on the inside, with a deep dorsal slit, 3.2-3.8cm. long. Staminal column glabrous, free. Berry not seen. I have hesitated for some time in deciding that this is really distinct from C. ¢rv7tomantha Gray, a species only known from the island of Hawaii. It differs in smaller flowers combined with minor characteristics. Both are readily separated from most other Cyanea by the densely bracted peduncle, but the Oahu species might be confused with the genus Rollandia. It may prove to be closely related to #. truncata Rock. [184] Flora Hawaiiensis. | Collected by CN. Forbes on Oahu Cayo ne edhe aye ele | PAL ile: CYANEA JTUDDII FORBES. 70 Director's Annual Report. Cyanea profuga, sp. nov. Caule simplici, 18-24 dm. altus; foliis late-ellipticiis, acuminatis, basi acutis, undulatis, glabris, 23.4 cm. longis, 9.8 cm. latis, cum petiolis 12.2 cm. longis; pedunculis glabris, 2.8-4.1 cm. longis, pedicellis, 9-10 mm. longis; floribus albis, calyce glabris, tubis cylindricis, 7 mm. longis, lobis oblongis, 5 mm. longis; corollis sub-erectis, glabris, 3.4 cm. longis, columnis stamineis glabris. Bacca ignota. Type locality, Mapulehu Valley, Molokai. C. N. Forbes, No. 313, Mo. July, 1912. The upper part of Mapulehu Valley was used as a place of refuge in times of war. Stem simple, 18-24 dm. high. Leaves broadly elliptical, acu- minate, acute at the base, undulate, somewhat irregularly so, glabrous, pale whitish below, the petioles rather long, 23.4 cm. long, 9.8 cm. wide, with petiole 12.2 cm. long. Peduncle naked below, glabrous, 9-12- flowered, 2.8-4.1 cm. long, the pedicels g-10 mm. long. Calyx cylindric-obconical, glabrous, the tube 7mm. long, the lobes oblong with rounded apex, 5 mm. long. Corolla white, slender, sub-erect, glabrous, with dorsal slit nearly to the base, 3.4cm. long. Staminal column and anthers glabrous. Berry not seen. The habit of the plant and the leaves bear a striking resem- blance to C. acuminata (Cham.) Hbd., but otherwise the plant is very different. Another plant, Forbes, No. 240, Mo., collected on the Pelekunu trail on the same island, is probably the same species; but not having flowers or fruit this cannot be definitely decided at present. [186 | Flora Hawalicnsis. atiehed ey EM, Keerten, on wae. Qed ia. «ae er Pi, mgors dans beF%y 1712 CYANEA PROFUGA FORBES. a | N Director's Annual Report. Cyanea palakea, sp. nov. Caule fruticosa; foliis spathulato-lanceolatis, sinuatis, acutis, aculeatis, subtus pubescentibus, 23.8-28.1 cm. longis, 3.7-5.1 cm. latis, cum petiolis 2-2.9 cm. longis; pedunculis 1.2-1.5 cm. longis, pedicellis 7-8 mm. longis; calyce glabra, tubo 5-6 mm. longo, lobis acutis 3-3.5 mm. longis; corolla alba, faleiforma, glabra, 3.6 cm. longa; columna staminea glabra; bacca glo- bosa, luteola, seminibus rubris. Type locality, dense forest east of Palakea, about 1o miles north of Kilauea, Hawaii. C. N. Forbes, No. 1003, H. June 29, IQI5. Stem 6-9 dm. high, sparingly branching, armed with stout yellow or orange-colored spines, epiphyte ontrees. Leaves spathu- late-lanceolate in outline, sinuate, acute, contracting toward the base, glabrous above but more or less armed with stout yellow spines, pubescent below, especially along the rather prominent veins, and spiney, 23.8-28.1 cm. long, 3.7-5.1 cm. wide, with petiole 2-2.9 cm. long. Peduncle short, smooth, rather stout, I.5-1.2 cm. long, the pedicels 7-8 mm. long. Calyx obconical, glabrous, the tube 5-6 mm. long, the teeth narrow acute, 3-3.5 mm. long. Corolla white, nearly glabrous, sparcely puberulent under a lens, falciform, 3.6 cm. long. Staminal column and anthers glabrous. Berry globose, orange-colored, rather flat-topped. Seeds crustaceous, smooth, reddish. This species seems to be most closely related to C. platyphyvlla Hbd., from which it differs in habit and leaves. While only seen in this locality, it may be expected in other places in these dense woods which have not been thoroughly botanized. [188] CYANEA PALAKEA FORBES. Flora Hawailiensis 74 Director's Annual Report. Lysimachia filifolia Forbes & Lydgate, sp. nov. Fruticosa, glabrata, ramosa; foliis filiformis, 2.5-4.3 cm. longis, glabris; pedunculis unifloris, glabris, 1.8 cm. longis; floribus 5-meris; sepalis lanceo- latis, 5 mm. longis, corolla sub-rotata, lobis late obovatis, purpureis, I cm. longis, filamentis basi dilatis; capsula crustacea, ovata, 5 mm. longa, 3.5 mm. lata, 5 valvis dehiscens, Type locality, upper portion of Olokele Valley, Kauai. Rev. J. M. Lydgate. January, 1912. Small glabrous shrub with reddish stems. Leaves filiform, glabrous, 1-nerved, 3-4.3 cm. long. Peduncles one-flowered, gla- brous, 1.8 cm. long in the flowering stage, 4.3-5.4 cm. long in the fruiting stage, inclined to droop. Flowers 5-merous. Sepals narrow lanceolate,5mm.long. Corolla sub-rotate, reddish purple, the lobes widely obovate, 1 cm. high. Stamens a little shorter than the corolla, filaments dilated at the base. Capsule ovoid, crustaceous, smooth, shiny within, 5-valved, 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide. Seeds minute, numerous. This species belongs to the group of L. //illebrandit Hook. and of Z. Remyz Hbd., two species which run into each other with a number of connecting forms. ‘The present species differs essentially in the extreme form of the leaves. The sepals are much narrower than in these species, and the capsule is smaller. We have seen no specimens with leaves intermediate between this and LZ. Remy. [190] Flora Hawaiiensis. Flora Hawaiiensis. Collected by J. M. Lydgate on Kausl. oli g Rare 4 Wyoba apn ak abe Gude. vy LYSIMACHIA FILIFOLIA FORBES & LYDGATE. pM sted oe peli a Kz ape eee £B rke-cloth in » Hawai eae : , Complete vi ime es bits ee! es Toe . sith Ne oe 1m, ae Charles nN, Concerning the Plant Invasion — Toa, Hawaii. ae Charles Ne -IQIX _ ‘the - New Laboratory. — —An- ee Vm. T. Brigham. AQTA. 6 jae ne ey . gee of Kahoolawe and Molokini. By. siroueier spb ‘Nithaw See Seok Pe Toaence Aeekia the World to Side: - 912. Withindextovolume. oe tor’ ; Report for 1913. — NEO: Hawaiian SN . oa pats 5083 ie on Mids VO. Index to. mi es py MUSEUM OF BOARD OF TRUSTEES ALBERT F. JUDD.) 26 ee ee pee oe ce » President fi \PAXON: BISHOP Soe tari ULE ee Vite iad CAV ICE Rese tE TOME DOWSH ED miarcriel oe RL ei ae alates PP aa i OBIT em ALFRED W. CARTER «+ ++ ee os oes ee. Secretary HENRY HOLMES, Wit11AM O. SurrH eee: WILLIAMSON > MUSEUM STAFF WILLIAM T. BRIGHAM, Sc.D. (Columbia) .. «. +. Director Wii.uiAM H. DALL, PH.D. -- Honorary Curator of Mollusca Joun F.G. Strokes -- -+ Curator of Polynesian Ethnology C. MontTaGusE Cooke, PH.D. (Yale) .. Curator of Pulmonata CHARLES N. FoRBES «- ++ ++ ++ «+ Curator of Botany Orro H. Swezey .. ++ Honorary Curator of Entomology Joun W. THOMPSON «+ «+ «e «e + Artist and Modeler Miss BeB. HiGGinse ssa ee ee Coe aaa nas ate ee els Miss M. C. STEINBRING «+ ++ +. «++ Assistant Librarian RICHARD ERNEST LAMBERT «+ «+ «+ Director’s Assistant J.C. BRIDWELL «+ ++ «+ «+ «+ Assistant in Entomology JOHN. GREENE 2% 2 eer ea Ceo ae ee ela, ela wen Ee RESen AvCGUST PERRY (1050 46a RU OS OA. Assistant Printer M. lL. HoRACE REYNOLDS «+ «+ «+. «+ +e Cabinet Maker EXHIBITION STAFF Mrs. HELEN M. HELVIE ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ Superintendent Joun LUNG CHUNG «+ ++ ee (ee oe ee oe e+ Janitor THOMAS KEOLANUI ++ ++ (a0) ee we 40 oe ae Janitor JOHN! PENCHULA si) 245 aw PY ca Wy RU 0 Shane onl aa ant tem) el kre ¥ % = gees Tene he Seashore OSCE SIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY VoL. VI— No. 4 Director’s Report for 1916 A sonian inst) eS “eS m JUN181917 4, “onal Muse? HONOLULU, H. I. BrsHorp MuSEUM PRESS 1Q17 Report presented February ro, 1917. Returned approved April 20, 1917. Director's Report for 1916 In beginning his Report of the activities of this Museum for the year 1916 the Director, with no little pleasure, notes an event which was, he believes, intended to have taken place in the previous year as a recognition of the twenty-fifth year of the Museum’s con- crete existence, 1890-1915. Various accidents delayed the kind intention and hence its place in the present Report. The event is explained in the following letter from the Trustees’ Records: ‘On motion of Mr. W. O. Smith, it was unanimously resolved that the offer to the Museum by the persons who are at present Trustees, of the portrait in oils of Dr. William T. Brigham by Wilton Lockwood, be accepted and that the Secretary be instructed to send to the donors the letter of which the following is a copy: ‘“*The Bernice P. Bishop Museum accepts the gift made to it by you of the portrait of Dr. Brigham painted by the late Wilton Lockwood, and will be pleased to give it a place in the Picture Gallery of the Museum. ‘““Dr, Brigham, asthe first Curator and Director of the Museum, is one who might be said to have been present at its birth, who had performed a very large share of the work of directing its course from the stage when it was the treasure house of two private col- lections of ancient Hawaiian handicraft to the Bernice P. Bishop Museum of today. Dr. Brigham and his work can never be dis- sociated from the Museum, its humble beginnings, its early diffi- culties and struggles, its progress and development, and the work it has already accomplished in the cause of science. ‘« “By this action of the Trustees a work of Art has been added to the rich collections which are stored in the Museum, and so long as the impressive monument of love known as the Bernice P. [195] 4 Director's Report for r9r6. Bishop Museum endures, can be seen the well-drawn lineaments of the man whose scholarship, learning, knowledge, rare taste, judgment, and love of science largely furnished the ideas, directed the work and guided its destinies. ‘Gentlemen, the Museum thanks you for your timely and appropriate gift, and assures you that it will be prized and cher- ished.’ ’’ PORTRAIT BY WILTON LOCKWOOD OF WILLIAM T. BRIGHAM, A.M., SC.D. FIRST CURATOR (1890) AND FIRST DIRECTOR (1596) OF THIS MUSEUM GIVEN TO THE MUSEUM BY HON. SAMUEL M. DAMON HENRY HOLMES WILLIAM O, SMITH ALBERT F. JUDD E. FAXON BISHOP ALFRED W. CARTER J. M. DOWSETT TRUSTEES OF THE MUSEUM, 1916 [Label on the Portrait| Ethnology. Continuing the agreeable subject of gifts to the Museum I call attention to the report of the Curator of Eth- nology, Mr. John F. G. Stokes. He says: ‘“‘Mr. Holmes’ anonymous friend has again given evidence of his generosity in purchasing and presenting two collections to the Museum. ‘The larger one, made by J. F. Connellyin Australia, is mainly of interest through its painted bark baskets, memorial stones, and zardoo grinders which supplement the more extensive Helms collection given by the same benefactor in 1915. The second, of Maori implements sent by L,. Simmons on approval, was small but very choice, as it included a mere, t7kt and fish-hook, all in jade. ‘‘Another gift was the feather cape of the Parker family, which came to the Museum without suggestion by members of the staff. It was a family heirloom and its presentation caused a feeling of satisfaction that the usefulness of the Museum was being more widely appreciated. The gift was from the five living heirs of Har- riet Panana Hianaloli, first wife of Col. Samuel K. Parker, and the presentation was made through Mr. Ernest Napela Parker." ‘An illustration of this interesting cape, of which the ownership is recorded for several generations, will be given in another supplement to Hawaiian Feather Work which is in preparation. [196] Director's Report for 1916. 5 “It is worth while noting the occasional advantage to the Museum of helping outsiders when possible. Captain Fritz Hell- hoff, of the S. S. Longmoon and Mr. Max Frech, first officer of the S. S. Prinz Waldemar, both now in port, wished to have a con- signment of bird of paradise skins inspected for condition before shipment to China for sale. Compliance with their wishes led to the presentation to the Museum by Mr. Frech of necklaces of beetles’ prothoraces, elytra and femora from Kaiserin Augusta River, New Guinea, specimens not before heard of. Shown in Fig. 3. Promises were also made by the two officers to send specimens to the Museum when they regained their freedom. The bird of paradise skins were intended only for millinery pur- poses, and were unsuitable for the Museum collections. “Messrs. A. F. Judd, J. A. Wilder, G. P. Cooke and C. M. Cooke Jr., added many specimens from Molokai, among which were three shell spoons not previously reported. Fig. 1. ‘“‘Mr. J. K. Farley sent us a petroglyph which he had had cut from the beach at Keoneloa, Kauai, with the permission of the Koloa Sugar Company, on whose property the specimen was. ‘“‘Among the other gifts might be mentioned two rare pounders from Mr. H. Digby Sloggett, a papa kui pot pohaku or stone platter on which poi was pounded (unique so far), from Mr. A. Gross (Fig. 8), and a ringed stone mortar from Mr. Robert S. Thurston (Fig. 4). The gifts of other friends of the Museum appear in the accompanying lists. It will be noticed that there is an increase in the number of donors.”’ The field work of the department has been not only interest- ing but productive. The expedition to Kauai was the third in the past six years with the object of photograpaing the interesting petroglyphs on Keoneloa beach. ‘The first two were comparative failures for the sand which usually covers the cuttings which are uncovered during a Kona storm, in both cases were mostly covered by the time one could get word of the storm and arrive from Oahu at the beach. In January of this year there was a long spell of Kona weather and the sands left the petroglyphs uncovered for an unusual time, so that Mr. Stokes with Mr. Dean H. Lake and a specially constructed staging to place in the water where the camera could catch the bare ledge as the wave receded were able to secure [197] 6 Director's Report for 1916. a good series of photographs from which the figures have been traced on a large sheet of paper in their relative position for later publication. A few ethnological specimens were gathered from the neighboring sand dunes. Certainly the Museum is much indebted to Mr. J. K. Farley of Koloa for his valuable assistance in this matter, and for his hospitality, as it is through his watchfulness of the beach and weather conditions that the success of the work was made possible. In an unusual way this department went afield, and from Mr. Stokes’ report the visit to the Maui County Fair was a wise departure from the usual Museum routine. The report was pre- sented to the Trustees December 20th, but for purpose of record and for its intrinsic interest is repeated here :— Dr. W. T. BRIGHAM, Director Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Str:—I beg to submit a brief report on the subject of Mr. Lambert’s and my recent visit to Maui. In response to the invi- tation to you, from the Maui County Committee, to judge the Hawaiian Arts and Crafts section, you deputed me to take your place and Mr. R. EK. Lambert to lend his assistance. Mr. George P. Cooke, who was interested in the Fair had suggested that we exhibit a collection of our ethnological casts, and forty-six of our rarest specimens were represented at the Fair in this manner. There being present at the exhibition abundance of the commoner specimens, our exhibit had the effect of adding leaven to the whole. A set of the Museum Memoirs was made available to the visitors at the Fair, and they appeared to appreciate the opportunity of looking through the same. There were over 500 local specimens on display, and the attendance at the Arts and Crafts section was estimated at 2400. I believe that 1800 would be a conservative estimate. The interest of the visitors in what they saw was very great, and many ques- tions were asked by them. A large portion of the visitors were Hawaiians, and it was remarkable to observe that many of them had forgotten the commoner implements of their ancestors. ‘This became apparent from the questions they were overheard asking one another. So great was the interest created by the Hawaiian Arts and Crafts section, that its Committee was requested to con- [198] Director's, Report for ror6. 7 tinue its exhibition for two days after the rest of the Fair was closed, which was done. Before closing the exhibition, I was invited to make a short address on the subject of the Bishop Museum, and endeavored to satisfy the visitors.' On account of the interest shown by the Maui people and their visitors in this section of the Fair, I was greatly impressed with the desirability of the Museum again cooperating in a similar but more extensive manner with other exhibitions of the kind. There are many people who cannot visit the Bishop Museum. By having on hand a large series of casts of our suitable rare stone and wooden specimens packed in, perhaps half a dozen, padded compartments shipping cases, each compartment numbered for its particular specimen, we will be equipped to do this work at a day’s notice. The use of such cases, inexpensive for our carpenter to prepare, will obviate any ordinary risk of breaking and losing casts, and enable them to be used with a minimum loss of time in packing and unpacking. The more delicate specimens, such as feathers, tapa, etc., can be shown through the Memoirs to be in- cluded in this traveling exhibition set.’ Of the three weeks spent on Maui, nine days of my time were taken up by the Fair, which occupied the whole of Mr. Lambert’s five days there. As the committee for the section was totally un- familiar with the handling and exhibition of specimens, I thought it might be within my province to outline a simple system to aid them. It was pleasant to observe the readiness with which my suggestions were adopted, and some satisfaction to learn at the close that not one of the exhibitors had lost a specimen. Mr. Lambert worked hard and continuously, and by his efforts contributed very materially to the success of the exhibition. He also helped in interviewing owners of specimens, and in furthering a kindly feeling towards the Museum...... The Arts and Crafts Committee agreed to my suggestion that casts of specimens be allowed in future competitions, in cases where owners formerly possessed the originalspecimen. This plan permits a museum to permanently preserve a rare form, while the original owner retains the same privilege of exhibition as he exercised before. Without such an understanding, people who gave specimens to the Museum would be thereby handicapped in later competitions. ‘That this was admirably done I have sufficient testimony from several of those present.—Note by Director. ? The Trustees have since voted to have this excellent suggestion carried out. [199] 8 Director's Report for ror. In the days following the Fair, the Memoirs of the Museum were placed at the disposal of the public in the Maui Hotel lobby, and at the office of the Rev. R. B. Dodge, Chairman of the Arts and Crafts Committee. The rest of my time was used up in gathering informa- tion concerning the heiau and introducing the Bishop Museum to many Hawaiians who had not heard of it. For the latter purpose I carried a copy of the handbook in my pocket, and keen interest was displayed by the Hawaiians who looked it through. In the heiau work, using Wailuku as a base, I covered the coast as far as Kahakuloa on the N. W., Keanae on the N. E., La Pérouse Bay on S. EK. and Olowalu on S. W. For the Lahaina and Kaanapali sections, Lahaina may be used asa base later. The heiau work was disappointing. I had hoped to get a better understanding of the heiau terms used by the late S. M. Kamakau in his writings from the natives of the Wailuku section, where Kamakau lived many years. ‘The terms, however, were unknown to these people, as were most of the commoner heiau terms. Over twenty-five heiau sites were seen and fifteen more heard of. Of the few where stones remained, not one was in condition to afford an original ground plan such as I required. These little journeys, however, were the means of securing twelve good specimens, of which two were given, one purchased, aud four found by my wife whoaccompanied me. Deserted house lots were the best source of supply. Expenses have been kept at a mini- mum through the use of my own machine which I had with me. Respectfully submitted, JouN F. G. STOKES, Curator of Polynesian Ethnology. To Mr. Stokes’ interesting account of his Maui visit I am pleased to add the following communication from the well-known Chairman of the Arts and Crafts division of the Fair: Wailuku, December 25, 1916. Dr. WILLIAM T. BRIGHAM, Director Bishop Museum, Honolulu. DEAR Dr. BRIGHAM:—The Committee in charge of the Hawai- ian Arts and Crafts Department of the County Fair wish me in their behalf to most heartily express the thanks of the Committee and the entire Board of the County Fair for the most generous assist- [ 200 ] Director's Report for roto. 9 ance given us by the Museum in the loan of the valuable collection of casts and the most generous and helpful assistance of Mr. Stokes and Mr. Lambert. ‘These gentlemen who represented you, and Mrs. Stokes who gave so freely of her time, inspired the best pos- sible work on the part of our Committee, and brought to Maui’s careful attention the excellent work of your most valuable Museum. I feel that your enthusiastic support of the project on Maui, which you know is our first attempt, will materially assist in subsequent fairs whether held here or on the otherislands. ‘The Museum can- not be thanked enough, and you, kind sir, for the pains taken to so materially assist in Maui’s First County Fair. In behalf of the Committee of Hawaiian Arts and Crafts, I remain most gratefully yours, ROWLAND B. DopvGE, Chairman. Botany. From the Report of the Curator of Botany, Mr. Charles N. Forbes, I quote from his field work : ‘During the latter part of May I made an excursion to Hawaii to observe the effects of a lava flow on vegetation. In order to obtain quick transportation from Hilo to the source of the flow I accepted the invitation of Dr. C. D. Barnes to join his automobile party. While an unforeseen illness prevented a thorough explora- tion I was enabled to see much which helps to explain conditions observed on many old flows. I was able to visit a branch of the flow in Kahuku while it was still hot, although movement had ceased, and to see the actual source of the flow which was in great activity. ‘““The effect of heat on the lee side of the aa flow visited was most interesting. Where the lava overhung dry grass, as it did in many places along the flow, the grass was only scorched the amount of the overhang away from the flow, which was only six inches in many places. Detached pieces of lava which fell off and away from the flow simply burned a small circle about themselves. Branches of trees actually overhanging the flow were usually but not always withered ; while otherwise the tree remained unharmed. In one place an ohia (J/etrosideros polymorpha) tree in full bloom was nearly surrounded by a wall of lava without its foliage being even wilted. Near the end of this flow a large prostrated koa tree (Acacia koa) had been carried a short distance without its foliage [201 | 10 Director's Report for 1916. being completely scorched. Looking across the flow the scorching of foliage on the lee side did not appear to be very much greater than on the windward side. Practically all vegetation on the windward side of the flow at a distance of two feet and often less survived. Minor effects on vegetation were the plowing up of sods by great angular blocks of rock pushed forward by the flow; and the effect of either steam or gases escaping through underground passages along the edge of the flow, which in one case observed caused the destruction of a large koa tree at a considerable distance away from the lava stream. It is hardly necessary to mention that all vege- tation in the course of flowing lava was annihilated. I observed nothing which suggested the effect of poisonous gases, withering being caused by heat, as was indicated by the relative position of scorched and green foliage. Weather conditions during the period of the flow were not particularly favorable for the development of forest fires, and I was not able to ascertain if any took place. ‘“‘“Along a crack extending from the source of the eruption, which is above Puu 0 Keokeo, toward the summit of Mauna Loa, I observed blighting of vegetation which I believe was caused by the emission of poisonous gases. While not impossible that this was caused by frost, the relative appearance of the damage done to different bushes bore a decided relation to the distance from the crack. At an estimated distance of three hundred feet on the lee side of this crack bushes of Vodone@a viscosa had blighted leaves; while closer in leaves of Vaccinium penduliflorum and Coprosma ernodeoides were blighted. ‘The foliage of Cyathodes Tameitameiae which is needle-like was not affected, but buds of plants rather close to the crack were blighted. In all cases the blighting was slight and the plants probably quickly recovered. ‘‘At the source of the eruption there is a small area of pahoe- hoe lava; many of the characteristic cracks of this fresh lava had a whitish discoloration or an otherwise different appearance in color from the rest of the lava, due to the action of escaping gases on the rock surface. ‘This fact is especially mentioned here be- cause it probably bears an important relation to the future invasion of plants. ‘The chemical nature of the surface of the cracks must be somewhat different from the surface rock of either fahochoe or aa. I have noticed this surface discoloration in the cracks of all old pahoehoe flows, but was never quite sure whether it was purely [ 202 ] Director's Report for 1916. II a primitive condition or partly an after effect or weathering, per- haps due to rain falling on the cooling lava. “On the south point of Hawaii there are now four flows of known date in close proximity, even overlapping in places, namely 1868, 1887, 1907 and 1916. ‘The invasion of plants on these areas of brand new earth are of immense interest to a botanist; there being few places in the world where such phenomena can be readily observed. “During October and a part of November a collecting trip was made to Kauai. With Lihue as a base, camping trips were taken to Kilauea, Nonou Mountains, Hii Mountains, and day trips to the Haupu Range, Wailua Falls and other places in the immedi- ate vicinity. In spite of rainy weather a fair collection of plants was made. ‘‘T was enabled to confirm certain statements made to me by Rev. J. M. Lydgate concerning Arighamia insignis as it occurs on Kauai. The Kauai plant has different colored flowers from the plant occuring on the central islands of the group, but otherwise there seems to be no constant or striking differences of specific or varietal rank, although it may be safe to give the Kauai plant the form name of c7/v7na.' ‘‘Probably Remy’s Niihau specimens cited by both Gray and Hillebrand belong to this form. I have observed 4righamia along the Kalalau trail on Kauai but notin flower. So far the genus has not been reported from either Oahu or Hawaii, but it would not be safe to say that it does not occur. A difference between the plant of the central islands of the group and that of Kauai is of rather more than passing interest. “During the year Mr. A. S. Hitchcock of the Bureau of Plant Industry, Washington, D. C., an expert on grasses, visited our Herbariam and looked through the specimens. Both his friend- ship and identifications in this difficult group were a welcome help. An exchange has been arranged with Mr. Hitchcock. 'Brighamtia insignis forma citrina forma nova, Forbes and Lydgate. Differs in the lemon yellow corolla, brighter yellow on the inner side of the expanded lobes; in contrast to the creamy or white corolla of the type. The expanded lobes are acute rather than acuminate, and the calyx teeth are shorter, but these are not constant differential characters. Leaves as in the species. Type locality, Haupu Range near Nawiliwili Bay, Kauai. Forbes, No. 706, K., Oct. 31, 1916. [203 | [2 Director's Report for roro. ‘During the year the following persons have aided us in vari- ous ways: Messrs. T. C. White, Allan Wall, Robt. McWayne, G. C. Munto, J. R. Myers and Rev. J. M. Lydgate.’ ADDITIONS TO THE HERBARIUM. Dr. IT. F. Cheeseman, New Zealand. (Exchange)..................... 145 Re S. Wallvams, NEw Works Oar rcre oe ere viele oie eketelie ee =fal uae) or-tomele relation 2 Mary Strong Clemens, Philippine Ids -----. +--+ 0. sees eee ee ee eee eee 40 (EN (CS Wi Ghtotide, Weebaits Nutollolit ewan boo Ooo baer ede sca eno es eae se g2 Wise Ge. Kelly, PLAN ATIG Ale Sava score Wore teu, vows faye ee oe eyaieter suse wifes cise Pe eLanek Duper I Ta ke Ge Sivolkdesy kuahor zhaval Wen Sodoonbodsdbo sac cossa0 dnb OAU OO aHoc OD at 8 Dr: ©. M. Cookces Jirsy Oar = riers. oiaya 20. reek oe repel oie) enol nvatonselw)ote pate yereustalarelis 9 J. C. Bridwell, Oahu....-2-. 2s eee ee eee eee cee eee eee cee eee I Craton: Ss Collec tomes ©allaitterscneotetelsisloteverstaitelatetaialed Raleioters ke) wie iene taib re lelet eens iste ts 359 (Chiao CoMllleuvonr, IGEN UL pooo o665 Acamo muro nln oogoo OOo son be aboo owe oe 6 (inion ccolbleratonnly AK Ab ocooodondanodocne sdoboomOnOnD Bono ognecc goo ‘ifs @: Le CE COR CMOS E ROE OO OO TAOOIOAdBe OOD OOo TOS ONS. GlGocgMaboA 6 1563 Pulmonata. From the Report of the Curator of Pulmonata, Dr. C. Montague Cooke, Jr., we find: “Twenty thousand two hundred and ten (20,210) specimens have been catalogued during the year. ‘These were distributed over 1760 catalogue numbers, with an average of slightly over eleven specimens to each catalogue number. Besides the shells catalogued, several thousand specimens were either collected or given to the Museum during the year which your Curator was unable to catalogue. ‘‘Not as much has been done in the field this year as in previous years, but more time has been spent in the laboratory on the collec- tions. One important trip was taken with Messrs. Judd and Wilder to Molokai and collections made on the different ridges between eae. Waikolu and Kawela. Previous to this trip, very few specimens were in our collection from this region and the results were very satisfactory, as 2444 specimens were added to our collection. ‘“‘A paper dealing with some new species and varieties of Amastra is in the hands of the Trustees, and it is to be hoped that it will be issued early in 1917.'. A number of very interesting spe- cies have been dealt with in this paper. Most of the forms de- scribed were acquired by the Museum since Dr. Pilsbry’s visit here in 1913. Work has already been begun in arranging the ma- terial for study for another paper. ‘This paper has been issued as Part 3 of Vol. III, Occasional Papers. [204 ] Director's Report for rgr6. 13 “Your Curator wishes to thank the following persons for their gifts during the past year: Dr. H. A. Pilsbry, Messrs. L. A. Thurs- fon D. Chaanum,- ly Spalding, J. M. Ostergaard, A.’ F. Judd, A- and J. Gouviea, R. and W. Mist, F. Girdler, Master Charles M. Cooke, III, and Miss Caroline A. Cooke.”’ Entomology. Inthe Entomological Department Mr. J. C. Bridwell somewhat late in the autumn was appointed Assistant to Mr. O. H. Swezey, Honorary Curator of the department, to aid in the arrangement of the Helms collection, but unfortunately an accident disabled him so that little was accomplished except the ordering of necessary implements and supplies: with the new year it is hoped that much good work will be done. REPORT OF THE HONORARY CURATOR. THE DIRECTOR, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. DEAR S1trR:—The work in Entomology at the Museum for the calendar yearr 916 was chiefly with the extensive Helms collection of Australian insects acquired the previous year. ‘The work of cleaning, repinning, and repairing specimens, preliminary to tran- sfering them to the Museum cabinets, was continued as rapidly as possible in the limited time at the disposal of your Honorary Curator. At length it was found that this would be too great a task and would be prolonged indefinitely and prevent any progress in work with the collection of Hawaiian insects for quite a time unless assistance was arranged for. The Museum was fortunate enough to secure the services of J. C. Bridwell for this purpose, he having gained a considerable familiarity with the Australian insect fauna by several months in Queensland and New South Wales, both in studying collections in museums and in collecting in the field. Unfortunately his ap- pointment began so late as September 1, and yet more unfortu- nately he was soon laid up in the hospital for several weeks with blood poisoning in one leg, from a wound by a date-thorn in the knee. Further delay was occasioned by the tardy arrival of ma- terial for lining the insect cabinet drawers, but eventually the work was gotten well under way and substantial progress made in the transference of the collection to the Museum cabinets. It is ex- [205 ] 14 Director's Report for 1916. pected that this will be finished during 1917, though there will yet remain a great deal to be done before the systematic arrangement of the collection is completed and all specimens determined and labeled. ‘The undetermined and unlabeled material in the collec- tion is a greater proportion than was apparent at the beginning, and will provide opportunities for a great deal of further work, but it is not urgent that it be done at once. The Hawaiian collection has partly been installed in the cabi- nets, and more will be done with this during 1917. Collecting of new material will also be done at opportune times to augment this collection, special efforts being made to secure specimens of the numerous species now lacking. Your Honorary Curator has deposited in the Museum his set of ‘‘types’’ of forty-one (41) species of Lepidoptera. These are all of species described by him in recent years, and not hitherto represented in the Museum collection. Herewith is a list of the species together with references to their descriptions. Those marked with an asterisk (*) have ‘‘paratypes’’ in the author’s col- lection; those marked with a double asterisk (**) have ‘“‘paratypes’”’ in the cabinets at the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association Ex- periment Station. Nesamiptis newelli, Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Soctery, (lls sp. 270) Ton. Nesamiptis laysanensts. Op. cit., III, 1, p. 18, 1914. Piista eijara:.**" (Op: cit.,. 1; 552-270, ,890 3. Flydriomena giffardi. Op. cit., I], 5, p. 271, 1913. iiyariomena roscata.** \Opecits; Is, ps 27iesone. Genophantis leaht.* Op. city) Ii, Bi Ps nhOs, LOU: Cryptoblabes aliena.** Bull. Ent. Experiment Sta., H.S. P.A., Ope 24. 1909. Omiodes meyrickt.™ Op. cit., 5p. 24.1907. Omiodes musicola.* Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc., II, 2, p. 40, 1909: Omiodes mata” Ope cit.; Il, 2, 'p. 745.1999: Omiodes anastreptoides.* ‘Ops cit., 11,5, -p. 272,29 83- Omiodes fullawayz. Op. cit., II, 5, p. 272, 1913. Omitodes laysanensts. Op. cit., III, 1, p. 19, 1914. Pyraustathermmantoidis.** -Op: (cit. .i1h,.5;, ps 273, 890s. Scoparia lycopodie.* Op. cit., II, 3, p. 104, rg10. scoparia -nectartoudes.** Op; cit, 11)-5,.p- 273, 2Ors: [ 206 | Director's Report for rgro. 15 Aristotelia gigantea. Op. cit., II, 5, p. 274, 1913. Thyrocopa sapindiella.* Op. cit., II, 5, p. 274, 1913. Archips fuscocinereus. Op. cit, II, 5, p. 275, 1913. Archips sublichenoides.** Op. cit., II, 5, p. 276, 1913. Torivi=n semicmnerana. Op. cit.; TI, 5, p: 276, 1913: Pracoze urcrana.* Op, cit, Ill; 2, p..93, 1915. CaAua cossia.* (Op. cit., 11, 4, p. 183, 1912: Capua senialata* Op. cit:, II, 5. p- 276, 1913. Euhyposmocoma ekaha.* Op. cit., II, 3, p. 105, 1910. Euhyposmocoma trivitella. Op. cit., II, 5, p. 278, 1913. Semnoprepia fuscopurpurea. Op. cit., III, 2, p. 94, 1915. Semnoprepia ferruginea.* Op. cit., III, 2, p. 294, 1915. Peirochvoa trijasciata, Op. eit., III, 2, p. 97, 1915- Opogona purpuriella.* Op. cit., II, 5, p. 280, 1913. Opogona apicalis.* Bull. Ent. Exp. Sta.,H.S.P.A., 6, p.17, 1909. Eveunetis penicllata.** Op. cit,, 6, p. 13, 1909, Gracilaria mabaella.* Proc. Haw. Ent. Soc., II, 3, p. 89, 1910. Gracilaria hauicola.* Op. cit., II, 3, p. 106, rgro. Gracilaria dubautiella.* Op. cit., II, 5, p. 278, 1913. Gracilaria hibiscella.* Op. cit., II, 5, p. 279, 1913. Gracilaria urerella.* Op. cit., II, 2, p. 94, 1915. Gracilaria uxerana.* Op. cit., Ill, 2, p..95, 1915. Philodoria pipturicola.* Op. cit., III, 2, p. 96, 1915. Bedellia oplismeniella.* Op. cit., II, 4, p. 184, 1912. Bedellia behmeriella.* Op. cit., II, 4, p. 185, 1912. Respectfully submitted, Oro EH SWEZEY, Honorary Curator of Entomology. Ichthyology. ‘To our collection of Sharks has been added a complete cast of the Thresher Shark of eastern waters, a cast of the head of an unusually large Hammer Head Shark from our waters, and several fine skulls. Mr. Thompson has also added many fine specimens to our large collection of native fish (several as yet undescribed), and a number of fruits. For the purpose of exhibiting at the Maui County Fair he made a large series of casts of stone or wooden implements, which proved a great attraction in the Arts and Crafts Section of the Fair. [207 ] 16 Director's Report for ror6. Library. In the Library it is surprising to see how much work can be done in very unsuitable quarters; I quote from the report of the Librarian, Miss E. B. Higgins :— ‘“The most important Library event for 1916 was certainly the appointment of a regular Library Assistant. ‘The aid thus given is tending to the development of the Museum’s literary workshop and the increase of its usefulness to an extent not heretofore possible. ‘In August of this year the work of binding was taken up vigorously. Our assistant, Miss M. Claire Steinbring, has shown great care and good judgment in preparing serials for the bindery. The number of books bound is 264. The care and distribution of publications has been turnedover almost entirely to the Library assistant, who is doing well with this work also. “‘As regards accessions, the number is much larger than for 1915, although many of our European exchanges were cut off. Among gifts may be mentioned: Fifteen early Smithsonian publi- cations, Dr. Cooke’s gift of 130 separates, Hawaiian newspapers from Father R. Yzendoorn. ‘“We have been fortunate in the purchase of a set of the Reports of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, from 1843-1914. These reports arrived very opportunely during the visit of one of the scientists from the Kilauea Observatory, who particularly needed the set in his work. Dr. Cooke’s gift of separ- ates includes some very rare and valuable papers, especially those on Hawaiian Botany and Mollusca. ‘The newspapers from Father Reginald are particularly valuable on account of the Hawaiian histories by S. M. Kamakau that they contain. ‘‘A record of the use of the Library by outsiders, begun in in September, shows that from that date to the end of December, thirteen visits were made for the purpose of study, and that one visitor came every day during a period of three weeks, spending from two to six hours on each occasion. Mr. Joseph S. Emerson in connection with the classification of his collection of shells has also made frequent use of the Library. ‘The indexing of Cook’s last voyage is progressing as rapidly as opportunity offers. The advantage and convenience of the in- dex when complete becomes more apparent as the work progresses. ‘‘A bibliography of Professor W. D. Alexander’s writings, including articles in periodicals, has been under way for some time { 208 ] Director's Report for r9r6. v7 past. This list of more than a hundred titles is now as nearly complete as we have been able to make it. ‘“The search for missing parts to complete our files is going on steadily, various important items having been secured during the year, and there is good prospect that several long series may be available soon. ‘The card catalogue reference work in connec- tion with old works on Hawaii is also kept up in addition to the regular accession work, with the result that the availability of the Library is more than keeping pace with its numerical increase.’’ SUMMARY OF LIBRARY ACCESSIONS FOR I9Q1I5. Volumes received by exchange... --+. +2 eee cee ee cree eee ee ce enee I20 Volumes received by purchase CSc0 LO at WecoOS 26 ObdO Soom cunmua.as 195 Volumes received by Gift .------. esse cee ee cece ee eee ee eee eee 36— 351 Parts and pamphlets received by exchange.-..--...---.-++++++++-- 673 Parts and pamphlets received by purchase -.---. +--+ +--+++++ ++: 49 Parts and pamphlets received by gift----. +--+. +e ee cece ee eens 792—1514 Mais Gacéacind Oren BOBO DOO AEOO> OD GOO Dito GORE cia Eicmo OD OPRaChon PEO OI 1865 Exhibition Halls. The appointment of the Exhibition Superintendent has proved a very important step in advance in the administration of the Museum. Not only has the staff been increased in efficiency, but the scientific members have been re- lieved from the many undesirable interruptions of their regular work, and the Exhibition Halls and the surrounding grounds have been kept in far better order than was possible when all that was added to the other duties of the Director. Mrs. Helvie has also found exercise for her faculties (including patience) in guiding many visitors through the halls. I quote from her report: ‘During the year the usual work on the Exhibition Halls, in the Laboratory Building and on the grounds has gone on with but slight interruptions, and the work accomplished by the three jani- tors has been most satisfactory. Everything has been kept up to standard as far as possible. ‘The increase in the regular Museum staff has necessarily meant additional work to the Superintendent and her assistants. ‘The new vacuum cleaner has been in use fre- quently and is especially efficient in cleaning the tops of cases, and many of the larger exhibits that have heretofore been out of reach. ‘“The number of visitors to the Museum has kept up very well all through the year, the smallest attendance being in the months of October and November. Many classes from the different schools O. P. B.P.B.M. Vor. VI, No. 4.—2. [ 209 | 18 Director's Report for 1916. in Honolulu have visited the Museum accompanied by their teach- ers. The pupils were bright, alert and well-behaved, and seemed to be interested in all they saw. “During August and September, after five years service, the Exhibition Superintendent was granted two months vacation. Meantime Mrs. J. KE. Higgins carried on the work very acceptably.”’ The table of attendance appended shows the proportion of the nationalities (except in those in which there were few representa- tives, as Koreans, Formosans, Hindus, negroes, Philippinos, Porto Ricans, etc., which are in small numbers); it also shows that the total attendance, which, owing to the less number of steamers, fell in 1915, has nearly regained the total of 1914, our largest record. TABLE OF ATTENDANCE. | = = e . | ca + | 4 i=} | a iS | vo 2 * - & Fie Lee 2 . = ar : 1916 Ea =I of 2 eel ek L ° ! a = Blake ph hse 2B 2 z = a Se Se Alf a hecetcn atl meet 5 a | = 6 = Es area sen 5 S) aye eS ~ SH pte ee Cea aoe | PCa oie so) January .......... 917 | 352 | 155 | 148 176 17 22 | 80.3 | 1,765 MGDTWAT a raterterecine 1493 | 184 89 165 179 66 22 a9 2,176 | | Mancha seen neers 1005 |» 136 | 48 | 5b 130 8 92) | 629 1,382 | | Miprilec deme eee 710 77 36 90 | 166 | 16 21 52.2 1,095 Mays Ssieceett aoe 625 112 106 61 117 15 21 50.4 1,036 | | Writ Sosrscsoocda0d 698 | 186 68 118 233 it 22 59.4 1,305 Uke “sSpdtesanand ee 786 | 127 66 85 138 4 21 57.9 1,206 AU SUB ES acme 811 159 BD 84 205 SGC 1h. O2ellametey 1,340 September ........ 534 | 163 | 84 | 135 307 | 20 22° | 56: 1,250 Octobe muvee 539 | 85 42 102) 44) 9 22 | 40.2 891 November ........ Bail) 88a] | 79 38 195 SOnn eee 48.2 962 | } | | December.......... | 696 91 63 | 52 189 | 30 21 53.2 AP Mortals) «coeseeeee | 9,351 | 1,755 | so1 | 1,128-| 2,149 255 258 60.2 | 15,529 Among the distinguished scientific visitors may be named Sr. Giovanni Podenzana, Conservatore del Museo Civico di Spezzia, Italy; Charles Peabody, Curator of European Archeology, Peabody [210] Director's Report for 1916. 19 Museum, Cambridge, Mass.; Professor William Lyon Phelps of Yale; Chaplain Jos. Clemons and wife, Kinabalu explorers; Mr. and Mrs. Scoresby Routlege, after exploring Easter Id.; Prof. H. E. Gregory of Yale; Prof. Arthur IL. Day of the Carnegie Institu- tion, and Sir Rider Haggard. Photography. In the Photographic Department we have greatly missed Mr. Dean H. Lake, and certainly much less work has been done, but the Director has managed to make the neces- sary photographs for illustration and filing, as well as for exchange. Museum Press. The Printery has by no means been idle. The first part of the Fornander Papers promised in the last Report has been issued and has drawn forth much favorable comment; more than enough to form the second part has been printed, but it has been thought best to issue a larger part later in order to divide the subject matter better. A well-illustrated paper on Hawaiian Amastra, by Dr. Cooke has been distributed, as has the Director’s Annual Report. Mr. Reynolds has been busy in various ways, especially in placing the linings in the steel trays of the entomological cases, a delicate and tedious job which will extend into the next year. A large number of carefully made packing cases have been required for specimens sent to Philadelphia for identification, and for vari- ous other needs. His good work has been well sustained during the year. [211] List of Accessions. ETHNOLOGICAL. By Gift. Anonymous friend of Mr. Henry Holmes, Honolulu: L,. Simmons collection from New Zealand: (B 1222-1229) ‘Three mere, 1 fern beater, 2 tiki, 2 fish-hooks. J. F. Connelly collection from Australia: (B 1231-1279) Stone dish, 4 upper grinding-stones, 4 husking-stones, 4 husking pounders, 1 skin-dressing stone, 2 boolyer stones, I axe-grinding stone, 1 stone adze, 6 stone axes, 2 stone axes or surgical instruments, 1 skull, 4 gravestones, 1 bas- ket ‘‘booka’’, 1 basket, 4 knitted bags, 1 male pubic cover, 1 badge worn by old men, 2 neck- or waistbands, 1 necklet of quandong seeds, 1 vial nardoo, seeds, 8 fire drills, 1 stone sinker for fish line. R. J. Borden, Honolulu. (B 1135-1136) Two skulls. Oahu. CG. M~ Cooke, rz, HMonelniu; (B 1204-1214) Two hammers, 2 adzes, 1 grindstone, 1 polisher, 3 ulumaika, 1 ball, 1 file. Hawaiian Islands. CaM. Cooke, 111; Honolulu: (B 1212-1203, 1304-1308) Three adzes, 1 grindstone. Oahu. George Cooper, Maui. (B 1201) Mortar. Maui. Theo. Dranga, Honolulu. (B 1303) Adzée. Kawai: Jk, Parley,- Kanai. (Bizgae) Petroglyph. Kauai. Alexander Hume Ford, Honolulu. (B 1314) Nose flute. Fiji. Max Frech, first officer, S. S. ‘‘Prinz Waldemar’’. (B 1218-1221) Shell money, 3 necklaces, one each of beetles’ prothoraces, elytra and femora. New Guinea. Fig. 3. Frank Girdler, Honolulu. (B 1309-1310) Adze (broken), dish. A. Gross, Maui. (B 1318) Stone poi-pounder. Maui. Fig. 8. 20 [212] List of Accesstons. ZT E. Henriques, Honolulu. (B 1280) Model of sling. Hawaii. Fig. 7. A.F.Judd, J. A. Wilder, G. P. Cooke and C. M. Cooke, Jr., Honolulu. (B 1159-1200) Adze, 4 artefacts, 2 hammers, sinker, head of unfinished poi- pounder, awa mortar (?) of wood, shell beads, fish-hook frag- ment, 2 file points, file, 3 polishers, 3 spoons or scrapers (Fig. 1), 4 leho lu hee, 2 pohaku lu hee, 4 sinkers, 2 hammers, supposed artefact. Molokai. J. Kauwakane, Maui. (B 1319-1320) Shank of pa hiaku, pohaku lu hee. Maui. Sam K. Parker, Jr., Mrs. Helen P. Widemann, Ernest N. Parker, James K. Parker and Mrs. Eva Parker Woods. (B 1230) Ahuula of Kuahaliulani. C. EK. Pemberton, Honolulu. (Bi 1205-1302) Sinker, poi-pounder. Hawaii. Fred Pierce, Honolulu. (Gehaeein)) Skull and thigh bone. Oahu. H. D. Sloggett, Maui. (B 1315-1316) Poi-pounder (stirrup form), grinder. Kauai. Robert S. Thurston, Honolulu. (B13 12) Ringed mortar. Oahu. Fig. 4. Joseph Welch, Maui. GB7 rea 7) Poi-pounder (stirrup form). Kauai. W.D. Westervelt, Honolulu. (B 1281-1282) Tree mould, lava bomb. Hawaii. By Collection. C. M. Cooke, Jr., Honolulu. (Birréo-1195, 1311) Lamp, poi-pounder, grindstone (?), ulumaika, stopper. Molo- kai. Grindstone. Oahu. J. FG. Stokes, Honolulw. (B 1128-1134) Two hundred and thirty-one shell beads, perforated shells for necklaces, glass beads, skull. Kauai. Stokes, Reynolds and Tseu, Honolulu. (Beren6) Petroglyph. Oahu. A. M. and J. F. G. Stokes, Honolulu. (B 1321-1329) Pohaku lu hee, 2 pakaa, grindstone, broken poi-pounder, lamp, file, noa, ulumaika. Maui. By Purchase. Two skulls, 20 masks. New Guinea. (B 1137-1158) Necklace, shells and coconut. Caroline Ids. (Ber255)) [213] 2 Director’s Report for 1916. to Six pa hi aku and line, 8 pa hi aku (shank only), piece of pearl shell for shanks. Hawaiian Ids. (B 1283-1297) Two ulumaika, hohoa or washing-stick. Hawaiian Ids. (B 1298-1300) Hinai. Maul. (B 1330) Pestle in phallic form. Oahu. (B 1331) By Loan. A. L. C. Atkinson, Honolulu. (L, 969-970) Two coconut-scrapers. Maui. Fig. 1. G. P. Cooke, Molokai. (L, 971-990, 1042-1046) Three stone sinkers, 2 poi pounders, 5 pohaku lu hee, 4 leho lu hee, 5 ulumaika, 4 hammers, adze, natural stones, stone club- head or sinker, head of poi-pounder, noa stone. Molokai. Bruce Carwright, Jr., Honolulu. (L, 993-1014) Small adze of shell, Sling-stone, 8 adzes, 2 sinkers, 7 polish- ing-stones, hammer, 2 files. Oahu. Bruce Cartwright, Jr., Trustee, Estate of Grace W. Kahoalii, dec., Honolulu. (L, 991-992) Lei, ivory beads and niho, Niihau mat. Hawaiian Ids. Mrs. Beke Ihihi, Honolulu. (I, 1015-1029) Twenty-five coconut spoons, 4 gourd plates, 19 pu niu on stand, 3 puniu, 6 umeke, coconut basket, 3 lei kukui, 10 shells, small canoe model, glass case. Hawaiian Ids. Mrs. Rosalia T. K. Tripp. Honolulu. (L, 1041) Mamo lei, green silk cord. Hawatian Ids. ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. [Received by exchange unless otherwise indicated. | ADELAIDE, SouTH AUSTRALIA. Royal Geographical Society of Australasia (South Australian Branch ).—Proceedings, xvi. Royal Society of South Australia.— Transactions and Pro- ceedings, XXxXix. AVALON, SANTA CATALINA. The Islander, 4 numbers, 1916. Gift. AMSTERDAM, HOLLAND. Universiteit van Amsterdam.—Catalogus van de Schenkling- Quack, 1915. AUBURNDALE, MASSACHUSETTS. American Fern ERE sec vi, 1-3. [214 List of Accessions. No iS>) AUCKLAND, NEw ZEALAND. Auckland Institute.—Annual Report, 1915-1916. BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. Johns Hopkins University.—-University Circular, 1915, nos. O,alO2 T9116; 1OS..1-7:: Maryland Geological Survey.—Upper Cretaceous, 2 vols. BARCELONA, SPAIN. Real Academia de Ciencias y Artes.—Boletin, iii, 7—Mem- Orias Xi, 24-30; Xil; xiii, r-3-—-Nomena del Personal Academico, 1915-1916.—Fiestas del CL, Aniversario de su fundacion, 1764-1914. BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA. University of California.—Publications: American Arche- ology and Ethnology, xi, 5-7; xii, 1-5.—Botany, v, 9-10; vi, 9-12; vil, 1-2.—Pathology, 11, 18-19. Also 5 miscellaneous pamphlets (ieprimts).—Physiology, v, 2.—-Zoology, xil) 13-17; xiii, 11-12; Xvi, 2-8; 10-17; xvii, 1-6.—Chronicle, xvii, title, index; xviii, 1-4. BERLIN, GERMANY. Anthropologische Gesellschaft.—Zeitschrift, 4-5. BERN, SWITZERLAND. Bern Historisches Museum.—Jahresbericht, 1915. Boston, MASSACHUSETTS. American Academy of Arts and Sciences.—Proceedings, li, 7-13; lil, 1-6. Boston Public Library.—Annual Report, 1915-1916.—Bulle- fit vite ix, 1-3) Boston Society of Natural History.—Proceedings, xxxv, 3. Also x-xiv, 1864-1871. Purchased. Boston Museum of Fine Arts.—Annual Report, 1915.—Bul- letin, xiv, 81-85.—General index to Vols. i-xili, 1903-1915. Massachusetts Horticultural Society.— Transactions, 1915, part ii; 1916, parti. Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. BRISBANE, QUEENSLAND. Royal Society of Queensland.— Proceedings, xxvii, 1915. BROOKLYN, NEw YORK. Museum of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences.— Annual Report, 1915.—Brooklyn Museum Quarterly, 11, 3-4; iu, I-4.—Science Bulletin, ii, 6; iii, r. BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires.—Anales, xxvii. BUITENZORG, JAVA. Jardin Botanique.—Bulletin, ae SAK oxen RS KOI, [215 24 Director's Report for 1916. CaLcurTTra, INDIA. Indian Museum.—Annual Report, 1914-1915.—Memoirs, lii, title and index; v, 1-3; vi, 1.—Records, viii, 7-8; x, title and in- dex: x1: xii, -28- CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. Cambridge University Museum of Zoology.—Annual Report, 1914-1915. CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. Harvard University Library.— Annual Report, 1915. Museum of Comparative Zoology.—Bulletin, lvi, 3-4 and title; lvii, 4; lIx.—Memoirs, xxv, 4, title page and contents.—Annual Report, 1914-1915. Peabody Museum.—Annual Report, 1914-1915. CAPETOWN, SouTH AFRICA. South African Museum.—Annals, xiv, 2-3; xv, 3.—Annual Report, 1915. CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA. American Association of Museums.—Proceedings, 1915-1916. Purchased. Field Museum.—Botanical Series, i1, 11, title page and con- tents.—Geological Series, iii, 10, title page and contents.—Orni- thological Series, i, 1o.—Report Series, v, 1.—Zoological Series, x, 04. Journal of Geology, xix, part 4, 1911. Purchased. CoLUMBUS, OHIO. Ohio State University.—Biological Survey Bulletin, 1-8.— Ohio Naturalist, i-xv.—Ohio Journal of Science, xvi, 1-3; xvii, I. —University Bulletin, xx, 16. CINCINNATI, OHIO. Cincinnati Museum Association.—Annual Report, 1915.— Annual Exhibition of American Art, 1916.—Special Exhibition, 3. Given by the Association. Lloyd Library.—Bibliographical Contributions, i; 11, 1-11.— Bulletin, 1-19.—Mycological Notes, 1-12; 15-18; 20-43.—18 mis- cellaneous papers. DETROIT, MICHIGAN. Detroit Museum of Art.—Bulletin, x, 5-9; xi, 1. Given by the Museum. DUBLIN, IRELAND. Royal Irish Academy.—Proceedings, xxxi, 54; xxxii (B), 7-12 and title; xxxii (C), 14-21 and title; xxxili (B), 1-3; xxxii CO)R eae [216] List of Accessions. 25 EDINBURG, SCOTLAND. Royal Society of Edinburg.—Proceedings, xxxv, 3; Xxxvi, I, 2. FLORENCE, ITALY. Societa Italiana di Antropologia.—Archivio per 1 Antropo- logia e la Etnologia, xlv, 1, 2. GoTHA, GERMANY. Petermann’s Mitteilungen, Ixi, 12; Ixii, 3. Purchased. HONOLULU, OAHU. Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry.—Bulle- bin, Li: Hawaiian Almanac and Annual, 1917. Given by Mr. T. G. Thrum. Hawaiian Agricultural Experiment Station.—Annual Report, IQI4-1915. Hawaiian Entomological Society.—Proceedings, iii, 3. Hawaiian Evangelical Association.—Annual Report, 1916. Hawaiian Historical Society.—Annual Report, 1913, 1915.— Genealogical Series, 2. Also number 1. Given by Dr. C. M. Cooke, Jr.—Reprints, extracts from Meares’ Voyage. Hawaiian Mission Children’s Society.—Annual Report, 1916. Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.—Division of Entomo- logy, Bulletin, 13. Hawaiian Forester and Agriculturist, i, 5-12; ii, title and in- dex; viii, 12; xi, 4-12, title and index; xii. Received from Prof. Illingworth. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.—Weekly Bulletin, ii, 31, 32; 8 Ka Au Okea, 142 numbers, April 24, 1865—-Dec. 12, 1872 (broken file). Given by Father Reginald Yzendoorn. Ka Nupepa Kuokoa, 308 numbers, Jan. 18, 1862-Oct. 22, 1870 (broken file). Given by Father Reginald Yzendoorn. Mid-Pacific Magazine, xi, 2-6; xii; xiii, 1. Oahu College. —Catalogue, 1915-1916.—Directory, 1916.— Punahou 75th Anniversary Pageant and 2 pamphlets. Paradise of the Pacific, xxix, 1916. Given by the Editor. The Hawaiian, i, 2, 1895 (Julian Hayne, editor). Gift. U. S. Weather Bureau.—Climatological Data, Jan.-Oct., 1916. —Annual Summary, 1915. Given by the Bureau. KILAUEA, HAWAII. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.—Weekly Reports, Jan.-Dec., 1916. (Typewritten. ) LANCASTER, PENN. American Anthropological Association. — American Anthro- pologist, xvii, 4, title and index; xviii, 1-3.—Memoirs, ii, title and fudex: ii, i, 2. “Purchased. [217] 26 Director's Report for ror6. Science, xxxviti-xliv. Given by Dr..W. T. Brigham. American Folk-lore Society.—Journal, xxix, 1916. Given by the Society. LAWRENCE, KANSAS. University of Kansas.—Science Bulletin, vi, and title page. LEIDEN, HOLLAND. Archiv fur Ethnographie, xxi-xxiii. Purchased. Rijks Ethnographisch Museum.—Verslag van den Directeur, 1914-1915.—Katalog, x, x1. LEIPZIG, GERMANY. Deutsche Ornithologische Gesellschaft.—Journal fur Orni- thologie, Ixiv, 1. Purchased. LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND. Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.—Annals, ix, 4; x, I, 2. LONDON, ENGLAND. British Association for the Advancement of Science.—Reports, 1843-1914. Purchased. British Ecological Society.—Journal of Ecology, current num- bers. Purchased. British Museum.—Catalogue of Auriculide.... (Pfeiffer), 1857.—Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalzenz...- (Hampson), iv-v, 1903-1905.—Catalogue of Orthoptera---- (Kirby), 3 volumes, 1904-1910.—Flora of Jamaica.-.- (Fawcett and Rendle), 1 and iii, 1910-1914.—Guide to Mollusca (Gray), part i, 1857.—Report on the collections of natural history.... voyage of the Southern Cross, 1902. All purchased. Hakluyt Society.—Publications, 2d series, xxxvili; xxxix; xl. Purchased.—Linnean Society of London.—Journal of Zoology, xxxi, 1907-1915. Purchased.—Proceedings, 125th-127th Session, Oct., 1913-Oct., 1915. Purchased.—Transactions, Zoology, xvi. Purchased. Malacological Society of London.—Proceedings,iv. Purchased. Royal Anthropological Institute.—Journal, xlv; xlvi, 1.—Man, current numbers. Purchased.—L ist of publications. Royal Geographical Society.—Geographical Journal. xliii- xlvii. Purchased. Zoological Society of London.— Proceedings, 1913, I-11; 1914, I-11. Purchased. Periodicals by Purchase: Journal of Botany, current numbers. Journal of Malacology, xi. Nature, current numbers. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, current numbers. [218} List of Accessions. 2 MADRAS, INDIA. Government Museum.— Annual Report, 1915-1916. Also three archzeological publications. MANILA, PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Bureau of Science.—Philippine Journal of Science: A (gen- EGalccience)).. <0. x1, 1-3-5 b (medical science), x, 5, 6; Xi; 1-3. C (botany), x, 6; x1, 1-3. D (general biology and ethnology), x, 4-6; xi, 1-4. Philippine Leaflets of Botany, Articles 117-118. Purchased. MELBOURNE, VICTORIA. Royal Society of Victoria.—Proceedings, xxviii. Also first Serieseix: xix; xxiii. -Ptrchased. Mexico, MEXICO. Instituto Geologico de Mexico.— Boletin, 31, 32.—Parergones, v, 1-10.—Departamento de Minas.—Boletin Minero, i, I-3, 7-12; ii, 9. Given by the Department. MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. University of Minnesota.—Agriculture Experiment Station Bulletin, 151-159.—Current Problems, 8.—Miscellaneous, Minne- sota Geological and Natural History Survey, Zoological Division, Occasional Paper, 1.—Social Sciences, 6. NEUCHATEL, SWITZERLAND. S=ciété Neuchateloise de Géographie.—Bulletin, xxiii (fin); XXiV, 1915 (in one). NEw HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. American Journal of Science, curreut numbers; index to vol- umes, xxxi-xl; 12 volumes and 1g parts from Series 1-111. Pur- chased. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.—Memoires, v.— Transactions, xix, pp. I10-445; xx, pp. 161-399.—Manual of the writings in Middle English by J. E. Wells. American Oriental Society.—Journal, xxxvi, I. NEw ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. Louisiana State Museum.—Biennial Report, 5th, 1914-1915. Given by the Museum. NeEw PiymMoutTH, NEw ZEALAND. Polynesian Society.—Journal, xxiv, 3, 4, title, index; xxv, 1-3.—Memoirs, ii; iv. New York, NEw YORK. American Geographical Society. Bulletins, xlvii, index.— Geographical Review, i, 1-6; ii, a [219 28 Director's Report for ror. American Museum of Natural History.—Annual Report, 1915. Anthropological Papers, X, 4; Xl, 11, 12; Xiii, 3; xvii, 2-4; XViii, 1; xix, 1.—Bulletin, xxxiv.— Guide Leatler 44. — Handbook series, 5.—Journal, xv, 8, title and index; xvi, 1-7.—Memoirs, N.S. i, 6.—Monograph Series, 2.—Cicindelinze of North America, by Messrs. Harris and Leng. Columbia University.—-Bulletin of Information, 16th series, 2-6, 8, 10, 12, 16-20, 22, 23.—Contributions from the Department of Botany, 251-264. Museum of the American Indian (Heye Foundation).—Con- tributions, i-ili; iv, 1. Given by the Museum. New York Botanical Garden.—Bulletin, 33, 34. New York Entomological Society.—Journal, xxii, 4. Given by Dr. Hiram Bingham. New York Zoological Society.—Zoologica, ii, 3-5. Given by the Society. United Engineering Society.—-Annual Report of Library Board for 1915. Given by the Society. NorwIicH, ENGLAND Castle Museum.—Annual Report, 1915. Given by the Museum. OBERLIN, OHIO. Oberlin College.—Wilson Bulletin, xxvii, 4, title and index; xxviii, 1-3.—Laboratory Bulletin, 16. OTTAWA, CANADA. Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1915.—Anthropological pie Report, 1975.—Memoirs, 50, 51). 55,058. 00,972 yO mae 79, 81, 85, 86, 90.—Museum Bulletin, 20-24. ee Society of Canada. — Transactions, sD bene PARIS, FRANCE. Ecole d’Anthropologie.—Revue Anthropologique, xxv, 7, 8, 123 REVI, 1-5: Revue Générale de Botanique, current numbers. Purchased. Société d’ Anthropologie, Bulletins et Mémoires, vi, série, v, 4. PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. Academy of Natural Sciences.—Journal, xvi, 3.—Proceedings, Ixvii, 3; Ixviii, 1.—Manual of Conchology, 92. Purchased. American Philosophical Society.—Proceedings, 220-227. American Mineralogist, 1, 4, 1916. Gift. Philadelphia Commercial Museum.—Annual Report, 1915. University of Pennsylvania Museum.— Anthropological Pub- lication, vi, 3.—Museum Journal, vi, 4, title, index; vii, 1-3. Wagner Free Institute.—Annual Announcement, 1916-1917. PIETERMARITZBURG, SOUTH AFRICA. Natal Government Museum.—Annals, ili, 2. [220 | List of Accessions. 29 PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA. Carnegie Museum.—Annals, x, 1-4.—Annual Report, 1916.— Memotirs, viii, 1. Carnegie Institute.—Founder’s Day, 1916. PLYMOUTH, ENGLAND. Marine Biological Association.—Journal, ii; New Series, i, 1, Aeamiiee i e211. m= Ge Lys AS eH, PORTICI. TPALY. Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola Superiore.—Bolletino, ix; x. PorT MoRESBY, TERRITORY OF PAPUA. Papua Annual Report, I912-1913; 1913-1914. (Lieutenant Governor of Papua to the Australian Parliament). Given by the Government. PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND. Roger Williams Park Museum.—Park Museum Bulletin, vi; vil, 1-6. QUADIAN, INDIA. Review of Religions, xv, 3-5. Samples. RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL. Museu Nacional de Rio de Janeiro.—Archivos, xviii; xix. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.—Memorias, vii, 1, 2, and title, index; Vile 1: Sr. Louis, MISsourRI. Missouri Botanical Garden.—Annals, ii, 4, title, index; ii, extra title and index; ili, 1-3. Washington University.— Washington University Studies, iii, patt 1, 1-2; iii, part ii, 2; iv, parti, 1.- Given by the University. SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS. Peabody Museum.—Frederick Ward Putnam: An apprecia- tion by Edward S. Morse.—One-hundredth Anniversary Exhibi- tion of the building of Cleopatra’s Barge, Salem, July 17-Sept. 16, 1916. SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA. San Diego Society of Natural History. Transactions, ii, 2-3. SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. California Academy of Sciences.—Proceedings, 4th series, v, 5-8; vi, I-7. SARAWAK, BORNEO. Sarawak Museum.—Journal, ii, 2. [221 } 30 Director's Report for rgro. SINGAPORE, STRAITS SETTLEMENT. Royal Asiatic Society.—Journal, 67-69, 71-73. SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS. Illinois State Museum.—General Guide, 1914. Given by the Museum. STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA. Leland Stanford Junior University.—Trustees series, 29, 30. —University Series, 22, 23.—University Bulletin, 88-90. STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. Kongl. Vitterhets Histoire och Antiquitets Akademien.— For- vannen, xX, I9I5. SuvA, Fuji. Fijian Society.—Transactions, I9II-I915. Na Mata, Dec., 1915-Nov., 1916. SYDNEY, NEw SouTH WALES. Australian Museum.—Records, xi, 1-5.—List of Publications, 1916. Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Gazette, xxvi, title index; xxvii, 1-11.—Science Bulletin, 16. Department of Mines, Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1915.—Fisheries, Annual Report, 1915.—Mineral Resources, 20- 23.—Memoirs, Ethnological Series, 2.—Composition and porosity of the intake beds of the great Australian artesian basin, by E. F. Pittman. Sydney, 1915. Department of Trade and Customs.—Fisheries, iii, 7; iv, I. Linnean Society of New South Wales.—Proceedings, xl, 3, we emlde trot Royal Society of New South Wales.—Journal and Proceed- ings, xlix, 3, 4, title, index. TOKYO, JAPAN. Imperial Earthquake Investigation Committee. — Bulletin, Valine. TRING, ENGLAND. Zoological Museum.—Novitates Zoologice, current num- bers. Purchased. Turts COLLEGE, MASSACHUSETTS. Tufts College.—Tufts College Studies, iv, 3, 4. UPPSALA, SWEDEN. University of Upsala.—Bulletin of the Geological Institution, >. I VICTORIA, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Provincial Museum.—Annual Report, 1915. [222] List of Accessions. 31 WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. Archaeological Institute of America.—Art and Archaeology, current numbers. Purchased. Bureau of American Ethnology.—Annual Report, 1907-1908; 1908-1909.—Bulletin, 55, 62. Carnegie Institution of Washington.—-Classics of International Law: Rachael, 2 volumes; Vattel, 3 volumes. — Geophysical Laboratory: Annual Report, 1915; Miscellaneous, 3 papers by Hostetter and Sosman.—L ist of publications, March, 1916.—Pub- Meations 56,4051, 189,202. 200, 215 A-B, 217, 229; 232, 233, 236, 225,74 mdex- +34 (Vol. Il), 240-243.—Yearbook, 1915. National Academy of Sciences.— Proceedings, i, 12, title and contents; ii, I-I1. National Geographic Society.—National Geographic Maga- tie wx 2-0. (Given by Dr. W. 1. Brigham. Smithsonian Institution.—Annual Report of the Board of Reseite sO.) JAlSOw L653, LS7h, 1872, 1876, 1880, 1881, 1894. Given by the Institution. Contributions to Knowledge, i; xxiii-xxvi; xxviii. Given by the Institution.—Miscellaneous Collections, lxii, 4, 5; Ixiv, SouxyO ras xvi J-12, 15. Also, xxxi> xivi, 2. Given by the Institution.—Publications, 2409; 2421. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries.—Commissioners’ Report, 1915.— Documents, 823-825; 829-831; 835. Given by the Bureau. U. S. Department of Agriculture.—Biological Survey An- nouncements, 1916.—Bulletins, 333 (Purchased), 326, 396.— Experiment Station Record, xxxiv, current numbers; xxxv cur- rent numbers. Purchased.—Farmers Bulletins, 702, 706, 712, 760, 774, 783.—North American Fauna, 40.—Report of the Bio- logical Survey, 1916. Given by the Department. U. S. Department of Commerce.—Statistical Abstract, 1915. U.S. Geological Survey.—Annual Report, 1915.—Bulletins, 222-0065 GEO* O16), 6137 619; 6204, K-P: 621 1 K-P> 623; °626- 630; 632-636; 638; 640 B-E; 641 A-E; 645; 649.— Geological Atlas, 191-198.—Mineral Resources, 1914, part 1, A, 14-24; I915, part i, A, 1-5, 7, 25, 26; 1915, part ii, 1-14, 16-20.—Professional Papers, 89, 91, 98 A-K, M, N.—Water Supply Papers, 332, 351, 359, 360, 368, 372-375 G, 383-385, 387, 395, 397-399, 400 A. U. S. National Museum.—Annual Report, 1915.—Bulletins, 50, part 7; 93, 94.—Contributions from the National Herbarium, xvi, 14, title and index; xvii, 6-8; xviii, 3-5; xix.—Proceedings, xhix-, 1, U.S. Senate Document, 498. Washington Academy of Sciences.—Journal, vi, 15. Given by the Carnegie Institution. [223] 32 Director's Report for 1916. WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND. Dominion Museum.—Annual Report, 1925-1916. New Zealand Institute.—Transactions and Proceedings, xlviii. WHITE PLAINS, NEw YORK. Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature, xv, 9, II; Xvi, 2. Given by Oahu College Library. ZURICH, SWITZERLAND. Naturforschende Gesellschaft.—Vierteljahrsschrift, Ix, 3-4.— Neujahrsblatt, 1916. MISCELLANEOUS. [Purchased unless otherwise designated. ] Banks, Eleanora.—Putnam’s correspondence handbook. New Work, 17d; Bishop, Charles Reed. Engrossed copy of resolution passed by the Bank of California on the death of Charles Reed Bishop, June 7, 1915. Given by the Bank of California. Bishop, Charles Reed.—Engrossed copy of resolution passed by the California Pacific Title Insurance Company on the death of Charles Reed Bishop, June 7, 1915. Given by the Insurance Company. Bishop, Sereno Edwards.—Reminiscences of old Hawaii. Hono- lulu, 1916. Bishop, William Warner.—Practical handbook of modern library cataloging. Baltimore, 1914. Blatchley, W. S.—Coleoptera of beetles known to occur in Indi- ana. Indianapolis, 1910. Blatchley, W. S. and Leng, C. W.—Rhynchophora or weevils of North Eastern America. Indianapolis, 1910. Brigham, W. T.—Guatemala: the land of the Quetzal. New York, 1887. Given by the author. Catalogue of charts, etc., U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1899. Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. Clark, Kate M.—Maori tales and legends. London, 1895. Conchological Papers.—Vol. I (a collection of separates). n.p., n.d. Cruise, Richard A.—Journal of a ten months’ residence in New Zealand. London, 1824. Cutter, Charles A.—Rules for a dictionary catalog. Washington, 1904. Daly, Reginald A.—Magmatic differentiation in Hawaii, Chicago, TOMr: [224] List of Accessions. a8 Day, Arthur L., and Shepherd, E. S.—Geophysics: water and the magmatic gases. Washington, 1913. (Separate. ) Dewar, Thomas R.—Ramble round the globe. London, 1894. Given by Mr. J. W. Waldron. Dillon, P.—Voyage in the South Seas. London, 1829. 2 vols. Edwards, Edward, and Hamilton, George.— Voyage of H. M. S. Pandora. London, 1915. Erdland, P. A.—Die Marshall-Insulaner: Leben und Sitte...... Munster, rgr4. Forbes, Kate M.—Volcano Kilauea.—Honolulu, rors. Francis, G. W.—Analysis of the British ferns.—London, 1858. Received from the Missouri Botanical Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Fréville, de.—Histoire des nouvelles découvertes...... Paris, 1874. Fyson, P. F.—Flora of the Nilgiri and Pulney Hill-tops. 2 vols. Madras, 1915. Groneman, J.—Tyandi-Barabudur in Central Java. Semarang- Soerabaia, 1901. Gift. Groneman, J.—Hindu ruins in the plain of Parambanan. Sema- rang-Soerabaia, rgo1. Gift. Haddon, Alfred C.—Papuan dances (typewritten). n.p.,n.d. Hall, Ivan C.—Testicular infusion agar...... From Journal of Bacteriology, 1916. Given by the author. Hallowell, Edward. —Report upon the reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition. Philadelphia, 1860. (Separate.) Hedley, Charles.—Ethnology of Funafuti. Sydney, 1896-1go0o. (Separate.) Gift. Helms, Richard.—Report of a collecting trip to Mount Kosciusko. Sydney, n.d. (Separate.) Given by Miss E. Helms. Herndon, William L,.—Exploration of the valley of the Amazon. Parti. Washington, 1853. Received from the Missouri Botani- cil Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Hill, T. G.—Essentials of illustration. London, 1915. Hocken, Thomas M.—Early history of New Zealand. Welling- ton, 1914. Hooker, Joseph D.—Illustrations of Himalayan plants..... Lon- don, 1915. Received from the Missouri Botanical Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Howitt, A. W.—On the organization of Australian tribes. Ade- jaide, 1389. “(separate.) Gift. OCCASIONAL PAPERS B.P.B.M. VOL. VI. No. 4—3. [225] 34 Director's Report for 1916. Jaggar, T. A., Jr.—Activity of Mauna Loa. Hawaii, 1915. (Separate.) Gift. Jardin, Edélestant.—Essai sur l’histoire naturelle de 1l’archipel des Marquises...-.. Paris and Cherbourg, 1862. Johnson, Duncan §., and York, Harlan H.—Relation of plants to tide levels. Washington, 1915. Johnston, J. C.—Maoria. London, 1874. Judd, G. P.—Notes made by G. P. Judd in 1834 on his tour of Oahu. (Typewritten copy.) Given by Hon. A. F. Judd. Kakaako Korrespondence.—Honolulu, 1916. Given by Mr. Bruce Cartwright, Jr. Keith, Arthur.—Antiquity of man. London, 1g15. Kirk, Thomas.—The student’s flora of New Zealand...... Well- ington, 1899. Linneus, Carolus.—Systema Nature. Lugduni, 1756. Systema Nature. Gmelin ed. 3 vols. bound as 9g. Lipsiz, 1788-1793. Systema Nature. 3 vols. bound in 4. Vindobone, 1767- 1770. The above editions of Linneus received from the Missouri Botanical Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Lister, Arthur.—Monograph of the mycetozoa. London, 1894. Received from the Missouri Botanical Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Also second edition, London, rg11._ Pur- chased. Lowe, EK. J.—A natural history of new and rare ferns. London, 1865. Received from the Missouri Botanical Garden in exchange for botanical specimens. Mackay, Thomas.—A manual of the grasses and forage plants use- ful to New Zealand. Wellington, 1887. Macleod, Fiona. — Gael and his heritage. Edinburgh, 1900. (Separate.) Gift. Maver, Alfred G.—A history of Tahiti...... New York, 1916. (Separate. ) Meyen, F. J. F.—Beitrage zur Zoologie Gesammelt auf einer reise um die Erde...... Breslau & Bonn, 1834. Moerenhout, J. A.—Voyages aux iles du Grand Ocean.--- Paris, 1937. Morrill, G. L.—South Sea silhouettes..... Chicago, 1915. Given by Hon. A. F. Judd. Miller, Carolus.—Synopsis muscorum frondosorum.--- 2 parts. Berolini, 1849-1851. Received from the Missouri Botanical Gar- den in exchange for botanical specimens. National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Fourteen volumes. New York, 1898-1910. [226] List of Accessions. a5 Nature and Science on the Pacific Coast. San Francisco, 1915. Nautical Magazine.—Vol. II. London, 1833. Newman, Alfred K.—Who are the Maoris. Christchurch, n.d. Noiré, Ludwig.—On the origin of language and the logos theory. Ghticago,, 1895... (Separate.) - Cult. Petrunkevitch, Alexander.—Attide of the Yale Dominica Expe- dition. New York, 1914. (Separate.) Given by Dr. Hiram Bingham. Piper, Charles V., and Beattie, R. Kent.—-Flora of the Northwest Coast---++-- Lancaster, 1915. Given by the authors. Polo (Ser), Marco.—Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian, concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the east. London, 1871. Rawlinson, George.—Five great monarchies. 4 vols. London, 1862. Rea, Paul Marshall.—Educational work of American museums. Washington, 1915. (Separate.) Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. Ridgway, Robert.— Color standards and color nomenclature. Washington, 1912. Scrope, G. Poulett.—-Geology and extinct volcanos of central France. London, 1858. Shortland, Edward.—Southern districts of New Zealand. London. 1851. Sittig, Otto.— Compulsory migrations in the Pacific Ocean. Gotha, 1890. Snyder, J. F.—Primitive urn burial. Washington, 1891. (Separ- Abeer Galt Stack, James W.—Soutb Island Maoris. Christchurch, 1898. Staley, Thomas.—Geography and recent volcanic eruption of the Sandwich Islands. London, 1868. (Separate. ) Stevenson, Robert Louis.—In the South Seas. London, 1900. Stimpson, William.—Prodromus descriptionis animalium everte- bratorum quze in Expeditione ad Oceanum Pacificum Septen- trionalem. Philadelphia, 1857-1860. (Separate. ) Suter, Henry.—Manual of the New Zealand mollusca. Welling- ton, 1913-1915. Tashiro, Shiro.—Nine papers on carbon dioxide.—Given by Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry. Tavera, T. H. Pardo de.—Medicinal plants of the Philippines. Philadelphia, rgor. Taylor, Griffith.—Geography of Australasia. Oxford, rgrq. Thompson, Uldrick.— Eugenics for young people. Honolulu, 1913. Given by the author. [227] 36 Director's Report for r9r6. Tregear, Edward, and Smith, S. Percy.—A vocabulary and grammar of the Niue dialect of the Polynesian language. Wellington, 1907. Tregear, E.—Polynesian bow. New Plymouth, 1892. (Separate. ) Gift. Van Hyning, T.—Building a museum. Cedar Rapids, 1911. (Sep- arate.) Given by Dr. W. T. Brigham. Walker, Robert.—Five threes, 33,333 miles by land and sea. London, 1884. Westervelt, W. D.—Legends of gods and ghosts. Boston, 1915. Given by the author. Westervelt, W. D.—Legends of old Honolulu. Boston, 1915. Given by the author. Who’s Who in America.—Chicago, 1916-1917. Williams, S. Wells.—Journal of S. Wells Williams. Shanghai, 1911. Given by Prof. F. W. Williams. (Separate.) Wood, Harry O.—On a possible causal mechanism for heave-fault slipping in the California coast range region. Berkeley, 1915. (Separate.) Given by the author. Wood, Harry O.—On the earthquakes of 1868 in Hawaii. Berke- ley, 1914. (Separate.) Given by the author. Wood, Harry O.—Effects in Mokuaweoweo of the eruption of 1914. New Haven, 1916. (Separate.) Gift of the author. Wood, J. G.—Insects abroad. London, 1892. Yale Peruvian expedition of 1911, results of-...-. (5 separates. ) Given by Dr. Hiram Bingham. Collection of separates given by Dr. C. M. Cooke, Jr.: Botanical papers. ..--.-----. ee cee cece cece cece ee cece cece eens 28 Geological and Paleontological papers BOpOIOaooUCMADe ouoDI0D SGU" 7 Zoological papers: PBA GL Saver spots. cca ate oueinie ea lla Setastel aNerars leifevacelel ief.s fovake tei araverekexerelialer sinreloneratobs 6 Ibi atoicy «Qu ose Go Gdn Motbiad Domo ernicntO Cocco cm omc Sooo 58 c 17 IN TOIDKICYCAR AS Saas oo SOtorceiiceatiotemicen mois cd CoS mimobo Oneonta t's old 25 Whiseralllenayoulisng oodoo ao omoooo bane Slocouun ona Gono noouden endo. 30—78 Carbon dioxide papers by Tashiro Shiro.-++-+ +--+ +eeeee sees 9 General miscellany..-..-.--.s. cece ee cece ee cece ee eee ee cnee 8 SI feeaill forcbote te cuelot ae cele wioinetelever cioMlodele cloge ives Sheke eVfeseverslap alletlclel al suelbatel a¥arstatel tame 130 Engraving: Small portrait of Captain Cook. Purchased. Maps: Map of Java. Gift.—Pocket map of Honolulu. Purchased. Map of New South Wales, 1914. Given by the New South Wales Geological Survey. Manuscripts: Kepelino Manuscript. Received on loan from the Catholic Mission at Honolulu.—Eleven manuscripts, received on loan from the Liliuokalani Trust. [228 ] Notes on Ethnographical Accessions. By JOHN F. G. STOKEs. SOME HAWATIAN SHREDDERS AND SCRAPERS. WHEN we view the apparently complete Hawaiian collections in the Bishop Museum, it may be difficult for us to realize that some of the implements, which must have been most common, are now among the rarest. This remark would apply more particu- larly to specimens of less permanent nature than stone. As examples, might be quoted, the bambu knife and the file of coral; neither of them was in our collections until found on Kahoolawe in 1913. Such tools, simple in their structure though effective enough for their purpose in the hands of their users, were from the nature of their material the first to give way before the imported metal implements, and, not being of interest as curios, have been easily forgotten. Another such implement was the early form of the wa’u niu, coconut-shredder, used for preparing £u/olo (the Hawaiian dessert made by cooking together shredded taro and coconut meat, sweet- ened with milk from the unripe coconut). The first example of this early form, to come to our knowledge, was one ploughed up in 1915 at Hauula, Oahu, 1000 feet from the sea, by an employee of Mr. Edgar Henriques, and loaned to the Museum for casting. L925, Fig. 1. It was a wedge-shaped section of a cone shell (probably Conus quercinus) serrated on the interior apical margin. In 1916, Mr. A. L. C. Atkinson found two more, of the same ma- terial, on the beach at Kihei, Maui. L, 969 and L, 970, Fig. 1. The specimens found were shown to several middle-aged or elderly Hawaiians at various times, and it is interesting to note that all but one of them failed to recognize the shredders until the indented edges were pointed out, and then the use was at once described. The one referred to was John Penchula, from Kau, Hawaii, now a janitor in the Museum, who remembered seeing his father using such an implement. For use the shredder was bound, teeth upward, to a straight stick which rested on a stone and the ground, with the shredder projecting over a dish, and was [229] (37) 38 Director's Report for 1916. I. HAWAIIAN SHREDDERS AND SCRAPERS. held by the foot. The material to be shredded was taken in both hands and pressed downward against the teeth. In Fig. 2 is a shredder (I, 969) mounted on the ascending prong of a branched stick, by Penchula, after the fashion of one used by his father. It is very similar to a Micronesian pattern. The method of mounting and applying the shredders would no doubt follow individual taste to a large extent. Kulolo is a deli- [230] Director's Report for 1916. 39 cacy still in’demand, although a pudding made of arrowroot is rapidly replacing it on account of the simpler preparation of the latter. The implement now used for kulolo is a long piece of iron (often a flat file) serrated at one end, sometimes set in a wooden handle. The operator either stands or sitsonit. Inthe Hawaiian Group we have not come across anything similar to the convenient contrivance used for the purpose in the Marquesas Islands, con- 2. SHREDDER, WITH SUPPORT. sisting of a wooden stool with a projecting arm and a grater of coral bound to the outer end." There is some variation in the design of the shredders illus- trated. Fig.1. To the right of the arrows in the cross sections are shown the portions which were shaped (by grinding). Nos. L 925 and L, 970 are of a similar and effective pattern, the cutting angle in each being directed upward, and a sharp edge obtained. No. L970 has apparently seen more use and undergone sharpening by further grinding on the upper edge of the shell section. A comparison of these two specimens will demonstrate this proba- bility. The serrations in both are regular. No. L, 969 has not been so evenly serrated, nor does it appear of such good design, since the cutting edge is rounded. It has been much worn. *B. P. Bishop Museum Memoirs, II, 377, Fig. 178. [231] 40 Director's Report for roro. According to Penchula, sections of the Cass7s and other large shells were used, in addition to the Conus, as was also the hard wood kauila (Alphitonia excelsa) indented as usual. From a Kauai native it was learned that the naturally serrated edge of the op7hz (Patella spp.) served the same purpose. It was held in the hand, not mounted. ‘The opihi was also used as a spoon, and as a scraper for gourds similarly to the specimens now to be described. Among deserted house foundations on the south coast of Molokai, Mr. A. F. Judd and Dr. C. Montague Cooke found, in 1916, three dorsal sections of large cowries, which had been arti- ficially broken out, apparently, and further modified by grinding atoneend. ‘They are illustrated in Fig. 1, B 1162, Cyprea inter- media, B1179 and Biu180 C. mauritiana. One, B 1179, was in very good condition and furthermore was perforated at the end opposite the sharpened part. As shown in the cross section, it had been ground toa very sharp edge, the face of the grinding being parallel to its short axis. The others are much worn, (B 1179 is also broken) and do not now show a sharpened edge. These shells, in addition to being used as coconut-scrapers, were used for cleaning out the pith from the interior of the gourd vessels.' In the part of Molokai where found, the latter was prob- ably the principal use for these particular specimens. In operation the shells were held in the hand. In the gourds in the Museum, the pith has been very cleanly scraped away, and the sharp cutting edge of No. B 1179 would have been well adapted for the purpose. By experiment, this scraper was found to accurately engage the interior surfaces of coconuts and gourds. The Hawaiian name applied to these scrapers would be vari- ously wa’u 7pu or wa’u niu (gourd-scraper or coconut-shredder), accordingly as the implements were used. BEETLE NECKLACES FROM NEW GUINEA. Necklaces of beetles’ parts from New Guinea, a form of orna- mentation unusual in the Pacific, have recently come to our atten- tion. ‘They were brought to Honolulu by Mr. Max Frech, first officer of S. S. Prinz Waldemar, who generously divided his treas- ures with the Museum. He obtained them from an engineer, of another steamer, who had secured them on an expedition many Lae gourd vessels were described by Dr, Brigham, B. P. B. M. Memoirs, ps2 [232] 3. BEETLE ORNAMENTS. KAISERIN AUGUSTA RIVER, NEW GUINEA. 42 Director's Report for ror6. miles inland on the Kaiserin Augusta River, N. W. German New Guinea. Mr. Frech, who has traded for many years on the New Guinea coast, says that he has not seen them in the possession of the coast natives. 4. RINGED STONE MORTAR. According to Mr. J. C. Bridwell, they are the prothoraces, elytra and femora of two species of Buprestid beetles, probably of the genus Chalcophora. In Fig. 3 are shown: B 1220, a complete string of the elytra; B 1221, half a string of the femora; and B 1219, part of a string of the prothoraces. Their beautiful iridescence, the dominant brilliant green changing to old gold, was the cause of the levy on the insects for their glittering coverings. In Nos. 1219 [234] Director's Report for 1916. 43 and 1220, the string is of native manufacture, and in 1221, of cotton thread. Thecord of No. 1220 is knotted between each wing sheath. In this specimen, a somewhat musical tone results from the rat- tling of the necklace. ORNAMENTED MORTAR OF STONE. In Fig. 4 is illustrated a cylindrical stone mortar found on the uplands of Helemano, Oahu, and presented to the Museum by Mr. Robert S. Thurston. Hawaiian mortars were not unknown to the & INCHES 5. SECTION OF STONE MORTAR, Museum,‘ but this specimen is worthy of special notice on account of the presence of many grooves encircling the exterior. There are Six on the exterior wall, two on the upper rim and one on the bottom. ‘Their presence in the latter two places would indicate that the motive was ornamentation, not utility. Considering the necessarily bulky requirements of such an implement, the Hawaiian cylindrical mortar had been developed into a form which was not inelegant, as may be seen in those pre- ‘They were used for obtaining oil by crushing kukui nut kernels, as already described by Dr. W. T. Brigham, B. P. B. M. Memoirs, I, 364-366. [235] 44 Director's Report for ror6. viously illustrated.' The rings would thus add a slightly greater degree of refinement. They have apparently been made by peck- ing, and have not been subsequently smoothed, as was the origi- nal surface of the exterior. The stone is a basalt, of a degree of fineness similar to that in the other cylindrical mortars. The speci- men is 200 mm. high, 223 in diameter at the base. The cavity is 143 mm. deep, 123 in diameter at the mouth, and 127 a quarter of the way down, and converges at the bottom. A cross section is shown in Fig. 5. AN HAWAIIAN SLING. The sling was always considered an effective arm in Hawaiian warfare, and the great care with which the sling-stones were made? would seem to bear this out. Yet the only Hawaiian sling in our collections heretofore, No. 4812, has been a somewhat crude contrivance of loosely braided bast fibre of the hau (Paritium tili- aceum) with the braiding broadened (like matting) in the middle fora pocket. Fig. 6. On the handles, the braiding is three-ply, each fold consisting of two or more flat, overlying strands of the fibre, rounded and not twisted over the turn (thereby avoiding an entirely flat braid). Toward the pocket, other strands were in- serted, thickening the cord, but not increasing the number of folds, until the pocket was reached. Here the technique changed from cord-braiding to mat-plaiting, but the latter was less regular than usual with matting. It has the appearance of a hasty and untidy job, and is in strong contrast to the neat corded work in which the Polynesians in general, and the Hawaiians in particu- lar, were soadept. One of the handles is short, apparently broken. King’s description’ might have been applied to similar speci- men: ‘‘The slings have nothing singular about them; and in no re- spect differ from our common slings, except that the stone is lodged on a piece of matting instead of leather.’’ Cook saw sling-stones on Kauai, as clearly shown by his refer- ence to ‘‘some oval pieces of whetstone well polished, but some- what pointed towards each end,’’+ but apparently not the slings. His description, immediately preceding the above, of the pieces of 1Op. cit., Fig. 28. A spherical form, from Hawaii, was illustrated in Occa- sional Papers, V, 43, Fig. 6. 2W. T. Brigham, B. P. B. M. Memoirs, I, 344-346. 3Cook’s Third Voyage, London, 1784, III, 152, relating to the island of Hawaii. 4Op. cit., II, 248. [236] 6. HAWAIIAN SLING, HAU FIBRE. 46 Director's Report for ro16. hematite ‘‘artificially made of an oval shape divided longitudinally, with a narrow groove in the middle of the convex part...---it weighed a pound’’ undoubtedly applied to the pohaku lu hee, or stone sinker' for the octopus trap. ‘To this stone, he said, ‘‘was applied a cord of no great thickness.’’ It is questionable if this cord was a sling as Cook inferred; more than probably it was the cord for fastening to the stone the appliances of the trap.’ Rev. Wm. Ellis noted on the island of Hawaii that ‘‘....they employed the sling, and their stones were very destructive. The slings were made of human hair, plaited, or the elastic fibres of the cocoa-nut husk-.... ’’3 Human hair for cord was not uncommon in these islands, although its principal use was in ornamentation. Since he made no special mention of the pattern, it is to be assumed that the Hawaiian sling of his description resembled in form those he had seen in Southern Polynesia. Of the latter, he gives the following details, intended to apply to the southern groups in gen- eral: ‘‘The most dangerous missile was the w77/z or stone, from the ma or sling. The latter was prepared with great care, and made with finely braided fibres of the cocoa-nut husk, or filaments of the native flax, having a loop to fasten it to the hand at one end, and a wide receptacle for the stone in the centre.’’+ The de- scription of the shape would probably answer for the Hawaiian specimen in Fig. 6, if the latter were undamaged. A model of a very neat appearing sling (Fig. 7) has been given to the Museum by Mr. Edgar Henriques. It was made to his order by S. W. Kahikina, of Kiilae, Kona, Hawaii, and, ac- cording to the maker, represents the form once used in this group. Its principal characteristic is the replacement of the pocket by two loops, which are well adapted to hold the double conical sling- stone. ‘The material is the Hawaiians’ most durable fibre, o/ona ( Touchardia latifolia). It will be noticed that, in this example, as in No. 4812, the technique changes; but from twisted cords to braided loops. One character not present in the older specimen is the arrangement of the handles. ‘The held cord of this sling ends in a running loop for the wrist, while the freed cord termi- nates in a large knot. 1B. P. B. M. Memoirs, I, 351, 352, Fig. 14, and Pl. XXXVI-XXXIX. *Opy cit. Hig. 14: > Ellis, Tour through Hawaii, London, 1828, p. 141. 4Ellis, Polynesian Researches, London, 1830, II, 4go. [235] Director's Report for 1916, 47 There are in the Museum no slings from Southern Polynesia to compare with Ellis’ account, but there are some from the Caro- line Islands, of thickly braided coir, which are provided with a large plain loop for the wrist, and not the running loop. 7. MODEI, OF SLING MADE OF OLONA FIBRE, WITH SLING-STONE. Going farther afield were found slings from the west coast of New Britain, and the neighboring Siassi Islands, in which the pocket is a fold, of palm leaf-sheath fibre, attached to twisted or braided cords of other material. ‘The held cord in each of the [239] 48 Director's Report for rgr6. two slings did not terminate in a loop, but a large tassel of the sheath fibre. These islands are, of course, outside the Polyne- sian area. Ellis’ other notes on the Southern Polynesian weapon are in- teresting. ‘‘The sling was held in the right hand, and, armed with the stone, was hung over the right shoulder, and caught by the left hand on the left side of the back. When thrown, the sling, after being stretched across the back, was whirled around over the head, and the stone discharged with great force.’’' ‘They were, he said, powerful and expert marksmen, and the stones when (as was general) thrown horizontally four or five feet from the ground, were seen with difficulty, and often did much execution.? He noted further that the Hawaiians slung their stones with great force and precision, and were supposed to have been able to strike a small stick at fifty yards’ distance, four times out of five.3 The latter were very expert in avoiding a stone, if they saw it thrown.+ The stones seen by Ellis, in the South, were water-worn peb- bles, and some ‘‘sharp, angular and rugged.’’ ‘The latter may have been the double conical form, artificially shaped, found through Polynesia, Micronesia and Melanesia. He failed to see the latter type (outlined in Fig. 7) in these islands, as he men- tioned only those which were stream- and beach-worn. In Dr. Brigham’s descriptions of various Oceanic sling-stones, he seems to infer that the pointed oval stone was so shaped that it could be made to revolve on its axis by the skill of the slinger and thereby attain directness of aim. I would be more inclined to at- tribute a simpler motive in the manufacture and to suppose that the development of a longer axis was a requirement necessary to prevent the stone from rolling out of the pocket of the sling. A POI-POUNDER PLATTER OF STONE. The wooden platters or troughs, on which poi was pounded, have been described and figured by Dr. W. T. Brigham.® The ordi- nary form was a long, wide and thick platter, slightly concave on the upper surface, with straight parallel sides and rounded ends, and was generally large enough to accommodate a worker at each ‘Polynesian Researches, II, 490. 4Tour, p. 141. ?Polynesian Researches, II, 491. Bs 2s Be Mee Miemoiss lee Se “MOUt Eps k33< °B. P. B. M. Memoirs, II, 316-318. [240] Lirector’s Report for gro. 49 8. PAPA KUI POI POHAKU. MAUI. end.'! Another and shorter form for a single worker was of rarer oc- currence.* So far, all the poi-pounding platters seen were of wood. An interesting variant of the material for this utensil was found in the possession of Mr. A. Gross, of Wailuku, Maui, and kindly presented to the Museum by that gentleman. It was of stone (Fig. 8), and its size would indicate that it was intended for a single worker. While its outside periphery is only approxi- mately circular, the pounding surface is quite so. The measure- *B. P. B. M. Memoirs, II, 316-318, Fig. 109. Op cit, Kise 110; [241 ] OCCASIONAL PAPERS, B.P.B.M., VOL. VI, No. 4.—4. 50 Director's Report for 1916. ments are: Two greatest chords, 702 and 652 mm. (27% and 25% inches); total height, r91 mm. (7% inches); diameter of con- cavity (pounding surface), 545 mm. (21% inches); depth of con- cavity, 83 mm. (3% inches). It was found upon enquiry among Hawaiians on the north coast of Maui that poi-pounding platters of stone were not un- known, and that the poi-making was done more quickly on stone than on wood. However, they were not much in favor for the reason that the stone poi-pounders or pestles were frequently broken by such use. No other such stone platter has come under our observation. [242 | 9 \ New Hawaiian Plants.—V I. CHARLES N. FORBES. JANUARY, I9I7. Tetraplasandra racemosa, sp. noy. Arbor 6-7 dm. alta; foliis pinnato 5, 7, 9, foliolatis, rachis 18-26 cm. longis; foliolis cordatis, cordato-oblongis ad ellipticis, incanis, 5.5-10.4 cm. longis, 4.3-5.5 cm. Jatis. Inflorescentia racemosa, incana, 2.5-6dm. longa; pedicellis 4-5 mm. longis. Calyx cylindriatum, truncatum, incanum, 7 mm. altum. Corolla 16-20 venosa; 5-6 petalis, recurvis, intus 2-5 venosis, glabris, luteis, extus incanis, 9 mm. longis. Stamina 16-20, uniserata. Ovarium 12-locu- lare, stylopodio conico, stigma indivisum, obsolete 12-14-radiatum. Drupa ovoida, I cm. alta, 9 mm. lata. Type locality, Nonou mountains, Kauai. C.N. Forbes, No. 595, K. October 16-17, 1916. Also occurs on the Haupu range near Nawiliwili Bay, Kauai. Forbes, No. 709, K. October 31, 1916. A tree with straight trunk 6-7 dm. high, clothed with smooth gray bark, and crowned with spreading branches. Leavescrowded, with clasping petioles, odd pinnate with 5, 7 or 9 leaflets, all parts mealy tomentose, the rachis 18-26 cm. long. ‘The leaflets mostly cordate to cordate-oblong, the terminal and often the upper pair elliptical, bright green sprinkled with mealy tomentum above, pure white mealy tomentose below, the middle pair of leaflets often longer than the others, all on short petiolules, 5.5-10.4 cm. long, 4.3-5.5 cm. wide. Inflorescence a stout pendulous raceme, mealy tomentose in all parts, 2.5-6 dm. long; the pedicels continuous with the calyx, 4-5 mm. long. Calyx cylindrical, with truncate border, smooth but becoming strongly ribbed when dry, white mealy tomentose, 7 mm. high. Corolla 16-20-ribbed on the in- side, breaking into 5-6 petals, never more, which are strongly 2-5-ribbed on the inner side, white mealy tomentose on the out- side, glabrous and yellowish-colored on the inside, acute, strongly reflexed, 9 mm. long. Stamens 16-20 in a single circle, recurved. Ovary 12-celled, crowned by a conical stylopodium bearing a [237] (51) “AON ‘dS ‘VSONHOVU VUAGNVSVIdVULAL “6 10, TETRAPLASANDRA RACEMOSA INFLORESCENCE. 54 Director's Report for rgr6. depressed, undivided, obscurely 12-14-rayed stigma. Summit of ovary and stigma deep red. Fruit ovoid, 1 cm. high, 9 mm. wide. This species differs from all other known Hawaiian Avaliacee in its inflorescence; a character which excludes it from the generic limits of Zetraplasandra as hitherto known. It does not appear to be very closely related to the other species, certainly not to the two known Kauai species, and only bears a superficial resemblance to 7. hawatiensis Gray in the pubescence. About a dozen trees were seen at the type locality, usually occuring as individuals in separated localities. Only one tree was seen at the Haupu Station, although probably others occur. All were uniform. The panicle is strictly pendulous, even when very young, those in the illustra- tion being bent in order to mount them on the herbarium sheet. Since writing the above, Mr. G. C. Munro has informed me that he has seen this tree on ridges, somewhere between Makaweli and Hanapepe on Kauai. L240} ya A CT % PUBLICATIONS . OF THE Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A. MEMOIRS. (Quarto.) Vol. I.—Nos. 1-5. 1899-1903. Vol. II.—Nos. 1-4. 1906-1909. Vol. I1l.—_Ka Hana Kapa: The Making of Bark-cloth in Hawaii. By Wm. T. Brigham. rorr. Complete volume. Vol. IV.— Fornander Collection of Hawaiian Antiquities and Folk-lore. Gathered by Abraham Fornander. With Transla- tions Revised and Illustrated with Notes by Thomas G. Thrum., PartI, 1916. PartII,1917. [Part III, completing volume, in press. ] OES EES Ee ee Te Pepe fen, ee a ea OCCASIONAL PAPERS. (Octavo.) Vol. I.—Nos. 1-5. 1898-1902. [No. 1 out of print. ] Vol. II.—Nos. 1-5. 1903-1907. Vol. III.—Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4. 1907-. [Volume incomplete. ] Vol. IV.—Nos. 1-5. 1906-1911. Vol. V.—Nos. 1-5. 1912-1913. Vol. VI.—No. x. Director’s Report for 1913. — New Hawaiian Plants, IV. By Charles N. Forbes. ror4. © No. 2. Director’s Report for 1914. 1915. No. 3. Director’s Report for 1915. New Hawaiian Plants, V. By Charles N. Forbes. rorx6. No. 4. Director’s Report for r916.—Notes on Ethnographical Ac- cessions. By John F. G. Stokes. New Hawaiian Plants, VI. By Charles N. Forbes. 1917. PE ee ae Be ten Ce ate Pe eee ae : is ia Le Sel = A Handbook for the Bishop Museum. 1903. [Out of print.] Bishop Museum Handbook.— Part 1: The Hawaiian Collections. 1915. Octavo.—Part II: Hawaiian Fishes. (In preparation. ) Index to Abraham Fornander’s ‘‘An Account of the Polynesian Race.”? By John F. G. Stokes. 1909. Octavo. A detailed list, with prices, will be mailed to any address on application to the Librarian. OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM OF - POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY VoL. VI—No. 5 Dire¢ctor’s Report for 1917 cansenian Inge oe up» ax ? ile 211919 y, “Zona! Musev™ HONOLULU, H. I. BisHop MuskuUM PRESS 1918 BOARD OF TRUSTEES ALBERT Fi JUD DE as, see hid ages heh eee ates wee ee TE EK. BARON BISHOP ee Se Ue Pa Vide resident FANE OWS in 55 can ae ata ang Ot ao arg ee WILLIAM WILLIAMSON .:- sate Pa rant a gy Ss Secretary HENRY HOLMES, WILLIAM O. SMITH RICHARD H. TRENT MUSEUM STAFF WILLIAM T. BRIGHAM, Sc.D. (Columbia) .. .. .- Director WiitiAM H. Daut, PoH.D. -- Honorary Curator of Mollusca Joun F. G. SToKEsS eu tes Curator of Polynesian Ethnology C. MONTAGUE CooxEk, PH.D. (Yale) -- Curator of Pulmonata CHARLES NUCHORBES | sas Ae oe eee Curator of Botany, Orro H. Swezey -- +: Honorary Curator of Entomology Joun W. THOMPSON -- +: «++ ++ ++ Artist and Modeler Ma65 hy Be BIGGING ceo. 5 se Sena nh he eae ee Miss. E. LivincsTon «- -- ++ ++ Assistant Librarian Joum 7: GRWENR Gao oo Se cae te ta M. L. HORACE REYNOLDS SOG SN eae, VOM aNainial r: | Gb Y= ae" 8 ae EXHIBITION STAFF Mrs. HELEN M. HELVIE -+ ++ ++ ++ ++ Superintendent Joun Lune CHuNG gS Wade Rg. ony ale ores, Gey, en THOMAS K-ROGANUS 20s Seite vate On etd yee ay el eS Oe JOHN PENCHULA ++ ++ ++ ++ e+ ee 4+ 4s 4+ Janitor = eaten ay fae ae Pera ee Oe IY we omtN Sats Gy ala AI sb eels OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE BERNICE PAUAHI ‘BISHOP MUSEUM OF POLYNESIAN ETHNOLOGY AND NATURAL HISTORY Wor k-— ING. Director's Report for 1017 HONOLULU, H. I. BisHOor MvuSEUM PRESS 1918 Report presented February 18, 1918. Returned approved March 1, 1918. Director's Report for 1917. IN presenting his last report of the activities of the Bishop Museum the present Director may avail himself of the last official opportunity of presenting his thanks to the Board of Trustees for allowing him, as a parting gift, a year’s vacation, and also the title of Director Emeritus. Such courtesy makes easier the ending of twenty-eight years of work in this Museum. Sad feeling that is merely personal becomes infinitely small in presence of the world-wide sorrow often coming home to those less able to bear crosses. I do not propose here to review the work of those years so full of hope for ideals now ended; when the two small rooms originally allotted to the Museum have grown almost to the number desired, even longed for, both by Mr. Bishop and myself; I dismiss the growth of the body of the Museum as a matter in which I can have no part. The first official issue of the Museum Press was my Annual Report in 1898, one half of which I put in type before we had a printer, and it remained as I left it, when our printer put the finished report to press. At that time the Board of Trustees consisted of: Sanford B. Dole, LL.D. - - - - President William O. Smith - - - - Vice-President Rey. Charles M. Hyde, D.D. - - - Secretary Henry Holmes - - - - - Treasurer Samuel M. Damon, Joseph O. Carter, William F. Allen The Museum Staff was: William T. Brigham, A.M., A.A.S., ete. - - Director Acland Wansey - - - - - - Curator John J. Greene - - - - - - Printer . - - - - - Taxidermist ee id This report has been long out of print, but the important parts of it were reprinted in the Report of a Journey Around the World [249] (3) 4 Director’s Report for 1917. issued in 1913. ‘Two of the above Trustees have resigned; three are dead. Of the Staff all survive, although Mr. Wansey has re- turned to his home in Australia. Before the establishment of the Museum Press our only audi- ence was the small company of visitors who found their way to the exhibition halls which were open at first only one day in the week. Our publications at once carried the Museum, as it were, over the world for our ever increasing list of exchanges now numbers 146, and it may be seen from the printed list how widely they are dis- tributed. Our Annual Reports help to bind together the director- ates of the various museums in a very agreeable system of mutual exchange of professional information, and in leaving this distin- guished and learned company I desire to acknowledge the number- less instances of assistance and information I have received from my confréres in many countries. If I have been able in some in- stance to be of use to my colleagues it has been but little in propor- tion to the greater knowledge and far more extensive collections of the older museums that I have laid under contribution always - most kindly rendered. During the past year this Museum has lost from its staff a greater number than in any previous year. Y. En Tseu, our Chinese draughtsman, left us to continue his studies in the Univer- sity of Louisiana, and his skill is greatly missed. August Perry, assistant printer for some years, and J. C. Bridwell, temporary as- sistant in Entomology have both left the Museum; Miss M. Claire Steinbring and her successor as Library assistant, Miss Lucile Lucas, have both been called away from the Islands; Lieutenant Richard Ernest Lambert who so satisfactorily filled the position of Director’s assistant, has returned at the call of his Country to his former position in the Navy and has sailed as Paymaster on the Schurz. Of all these only Miss Lucas’s place has been filled. An assistant in the Printery is greatly needed with the work on the two volumes of Fornander papers to be printed. But the new Director [250] Director's Report for rgr7. 5 may have different plans for the needed assistants, and his hand should be free. The Staff at the end of 1917 was as follows: William T. Brigham, Sc.D. (Columbia) - - Director William H. Dall, Ph.D. - Honorary Curator of Mollusca John F. G. Stokes - Curator of Polynesian Ethnology C. Montague Cooke, Ph.D. ( Yale) - Curator of Pulmonata Charles N. Forbes - - - Curator of Botany Otto H. Swezey - - Honorary Curator of Entomology John W. Thompson - - - Artist and Modeler Miss Elizabeth B. Higgins . - . Librarian John J. Greene - - - - - - Printer M. L.. Horace Reynolds - - - Cabinet Maker Mrs. Helen M. Helvie - Superintendent of Exhibitions John Lung Chung, Thomas Keolanui and John Pen- chula-s - - - - ~ - - - Janitors To all of these the Director tenders his heartfelt thanks for most ready and unfailing assistance and cooperation which has made his labor pleasant among many difficulties and disappoint- ments, and without which the Museum could not have held its creditable position. During the year Hon. Samuel M. Damon and Alfred W. Carter have resigned from the Board of Trustees and Mr. William William- son and Mr. Richard H. Trent have been appointed in their place. Ethnology.—Mr. Stokes reports as follows: ‘“ACCESSIONS.—These are listed in the following pages. The number and total value show a great falling off from the average of the few preceding years, which can be explained, though only partly, by the Curator’s activity in other branches of Museum work. Some of the gifts and loans, however, are worthy of especial notice. Among the former may be mentioned the body part of a canoe dug up ina peat bog on Washington Island and presented by the Greig brothers, and two wooden idols given by the Pacific Mill Co. through the kindness of Mr. J. W. Waldron. ‘Of the loans there should be mentioned a large general collec- tion from Mr. A. L. C. Atkinson, which represented well the tools of the Hawaiians; it also included a drum, and a damaged speci- men of the very rare Necker Island images. Mrs. E. K. Mehrten [251] 6 Director's Report for 1977. loaned good specimens of a kapa and a mat, which had been used by certain chiefs, and a Fijian club, said to have been the favorite weapon of Kaumualii, King of Kauai. Mr. EK. A. Knudsen loaned two wooden idols of unusual form, which were cast and returned. From Mr. G. C. Munro were borrowed three uncommon specimens, selected from his collection, and from Mrs. James Munro, part ofa pestle on the handle of which an animal face had been carved. “FIELD WorkK.—Although the Curator himself undertook no expeditions during the year, the offer of Mr. Charles S. Dole of Lihue, Kauai, to make additional measurements of the site of the ancient structure crowning Mauna Kahili, was accepted. His notes on the trip, measurements of the site and report of interviews with residents have been received and filed for future reference, and will without doubt prove of much value. ‘“Notes on ethnographical specimens were prepared and pub- lished in the Annual Report for 1916. ‘““HEIAU AND SUBSIDIARY WORK TO HAWAIIAN WORSHIP.— My draughtsman, Y. En Tseu, left in the middle of the year to continue his studies in the Louisiana University. Before he left he completed the platting of the heiau sites from the Curator’s survey notes, and calculated the positions of most of them. In ad- dition he copied on the typewriter a large amount of material from native manuscripts and newspapers concerning heiau, together with translations by the Curator. His services were of great as- sistance. ‘In connection with this work, the Curator has through the kindness of Father Reginald Yzendoorn of the Catholic Mission, and others, secured for the use of the Museum a number of manu- script and published accounts of Hawaiian worship and the heiau by writers in the native language. Combined with the Museum’s collections, there are now available the native accounts of Malo, S. M. Kamakau, Kamakau of Kaawaloa, Haleole, Kepelino, Pogue, anonymous native writers and others, and all the portions germane to the subject have been translated or retranslated by the Curator, except a few chapters of Malo. In this work assistance has been received from Messrs. T. G. Thrum, W. H. Rice, J. S. Emerson, John Wise and others. ‘The most important section, Malo’s chap- ter on heiau, has been submitted with full notes to Rev. Henry H. [252] Director's Report for rgrz7. 9 Parker for comment, but not yet returned. As mentioned in the previous Report, an understanding of the heiau subject was ob- tained from these accounts not possible by other means today. ‘‘Being requested by the Director to report on the remains of the ancient feather sash belonging to the Museum, the same was studied and the pattern worked out. A study of its technique, however, required a minute examination of other specimens of feather work which is proceeding and will, it is hoped, result in a paper on the technique of Hawaiian feather work. “TRAVELING EXHIBIT.— Five of the padded compartment cases to hold the casts for this exhibit have been prepared by the carpenter. However, all of the specimens selected have not been cast, as Mr. Thompson must give his first attention to the perish- able fish and fruit as they are found. ‘“MouLp IN CASES.—This was brought up in my report for 1915 and suggestions made for a remedy. However, an experi- ment of continually burning electric lights in the cases was tried and while the mould was reduced, it was not eliminated. At the beginning of this year the lights were turned off for a month, and the mould returned more abundantly than ever. It would now be well to take up the matter of damp-proofing the cases. “WorK OUTSIDE THE DEPARTMENT.— Zhe Hawaiian Rat. Living specimens of the supposedly extinct native rat were sent to Dr. Witmer Stone of Philadelphia in 1915 for description. His manuscript was not received until the last week of 1916, and was published in 1917, with additional notes by the Curator.’ ‘“This year specimens of the Fanning Island rat were received from Mr. W. H. C. Greig, and appear distinct from the Hawalian species. Dr. Stone was asked if he would care to examine them for description if necessary, but since he has not replied, it may be presumed that he will be unable to do so. In one of his letters he expressed the fear that his increasing office and editorial work would compel him to abandon his systematic work. ““LEGISLATION.—While studying the haunts of the native rat the attention of the Curator was drawn to the wanton destruction by human beings of the native bird life on the coastal islands of ? Occasional Papers, Vol. Ill, No. as 5 [253] 8 Director's Report for r9r7. Oahu. Owing to the lack of a curator of ornithology in the museum, or an active member of the Audubon Society in the Ter- ritory, the Curator felt impelled to interest local people in the pro- tection of birds and other land forms of native life in places where government protection had not been afforded. ‘The Legislature of this year passed a law authorizing the Board of Agriculture and Forestry to draw up regulations to control the unfortunate situa- tion, and the Board has the matter wellin hand. ‘The Curator has further cooperated with Chief Forester C. S. Judd in placing warn- ing signs on some of the islands.”’ Botany.— Owing to the unfortunate illness of the Curator, no full account can be given of what has been a very busy year in this department. The Curator spent some months on Lanai, Kauai, and Maui and collected many plants, how many must appear in a subsequent report. Exchanges have also been numerous and important. He was engaged in poisoning his late accessions at the time he was seized with his illness, and attributed it, in part at least, to this disagreeable work. No doubt when his report ap- pears it will show a decided increase in not only the number of specimens, but in the value of the herbarium as a whole. The most important addition to the herbarium during the year was due to the fortunate discovery by Rev. J. M. Lydgate, of Lihue, Kauai, in his former home at Laupahoehoe, Hawaii, of an almost forgotten collection of Hawaiian plants collected or named by Dr. Hillebrand numbering some four hundred and fifty speci- mens. ‘This was examined by the Curator and found in excellent condition and the Trustees at once purchased it. It is fortunate that so much of Dr. Hillebrand’s collection should be here in Hawaii; the rest of the material he used in writing his //ova of the Hawatitan Islands is elsewhere. Ornithology.—As the Museum has had no curator of orni- thology, it has fallen to the lot of the Director to remove the entire stored collection from the strawboard boxes in which they were [254] Director's Report for rorz7. 9 carefully packed to the steel trays in the steel cases provided for their safe storage. This has been done with care and the collec- tion was found generally in good order. Labels designating family, genus and species were printed and placed upon cases and trays, and the specimens were arranged in the cases, systematically in regard to the Hawaiian portion, and the balance of the collection geographically. This work has taken part of the last two years, and I have been assisted by Messrs. H. Leon Ebersole, Woods Peters, in their vacation time, and by my Secretary Richard Ern- est Lambert, until the catalogue is complete, so far as there is room in the cases, and each species can readily be found. Before under- taking the task, I did not imagine that the Museum presented so many species not only indigenous to these islands, but also from the other groups of the Pacific and the coast of California, and Australia and the East Indies. They are in such excellent cases, that with occasional airing the specimens should last many years, even if the Museum has no regular curator of ornithology. Pulmonata.— The Curator of Pulmonata, Dr. C. Montague Cooke, reports: ‘In the year 1917 your Curator can report that more work has been accomplished than in any previous year. Practically all the material that has come in during the year has been catalogued except the specimens collected on Molokai during the early part of December. In addition numerous odd lots of shells were cata- logued, some of which had been acquired by collection or gift as fer back as 1913. ‘There still remain six different collections wait- ing to be catalogued (estimated between 50,000 and 75,000), made up for the most part of the genus Achatinella. As these shells ought to be numbered individually, your Curator does not feel like undertaking the work at present as the amount of time necessary to do this can be more advantageously employed. ‘““COLLECTION.—The type and cotype material belonging to the genus Auziculella has been catalogued and arranged in the collec- tion. Also the entire collection of this genus, made before 1905, was entered into the catalogue. This contained more than 14,000 [255] 10 Director’s Report for ror7. specimens distributed over 490 catalogue numbers. During the year 62,661 new specimens were catalogued and added to the col- lection. Of these 21,492 were acquired by gift, 9602 in return for preparing and naming specimens of other collectors, 5455 by collec- tion of other members of the staff, 25,499 by collection of the Curator, and 613 types, cotypes and paratypes of duriculella. These 62,661 specimens were distributed over 3467 catalogue numbers. Alto- gether (including Auriculella) 76,689 specimens were catalogued during the year, which exceeds the largest year’s addition (1914) by nearly eight thousand specimens. ‘“The George Munro collection of the genus Partulina from Lanai was purchased during the year. This collection though not large is a valuable one to the Museum as the exact locality and date of collection is placed with each lot of shells and the col- lection is accompanied by a map showing each of the localities. “FIELD WorRK.—No extended collecting trip was undertaken during the year, single day trips being the rule. The shells which were collected by the Curator and catalogued represent forty-two days of field work, not all of which were taken during the vear, as, as stated above one or two of the lots were collected as far back as. 1913. The bulk of catalogued specimens was collected during the latter part of 1916 and 1917. PUBLICATION.—A short paper dealing with some new species and varieties of the genus 4dmastra appeared during the early part of the year. Girrs.—Your Curator wishes to thank the following persons for their gifts catalogued during the past year: Dr. H. A. Pilsbry, Messrs. A. F. and J. Gouveia, I. Spalding, P. H. Timberlake, R. Mist, D.. Thaanim, F. P. Pierce, B.C. Oliveira, JOS: Bee son, D. Fleming, G. P. Cooke, C. N. Forbes and J. C. Bridwell; Parker Ranch; Mrs. G. W. Bryan; Miss Carolene Cooke; Masters Girdler, Desnouée, Lorimer and C. M. Cooke III.”’ Dr. Cooke’s list of Leptachatina, Pauahia, Auriculella, Gulickia, Elasmias, Tornatellina, Tornatellides and Tornatellaria will be found later in this report. It will not only show the richness of the Museum collection but be of no little use in arranging exchanges. [256] Lirector’s Report for rgr7. Til Modeling.—Mr. J. W. Thompson, our Artist and Modeler, has been fully occupied during the year. He reports as cast and painted twenty-six ethnological specimens, some for the traveling collection, others of loans, among the latter remarkable copies of wooden idols; also sixteen casts of fish, five of fruit, two of mollusks, two of Hippocampus, a total of fifty-one finished models. In addition to these, fifteen unfinished casts. He has also prepared two bird skins and two crabs. Among the fish was one born without a tail, apparently a new species of Cheetodontidee. The collection of fish casts in this Museum now far surpasses any similar collection and surely deserves a handbook, but before this can be written the many species in the collection unnamed and undescribed should be studied by an expert, and the Museum has no curator of marine zoology. Entomology.—Quoting from the report of the Honorary Curator Mr. Otto H. Swezey, where he speaks of the Helms collec- tion: ‘‘This large collection will furnish an inexhaustible source of entomological work in the future, as a great deal of it consists of unnamed specimens, and it will always be of great value for refer- ence by the entomologists of Honolulu, as well as of interest to the casual visitor, as it contains so many beautiful and queer forms, as well as many of immense size and peculiar structures.” While the orders Orthoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Lepidop- tera, Hymenoptera and Neuroptera were transferred from the old boxes in which they came to the Museum to the new cabinet drawers without any special study, of the Coleoptera the large families Cicindelidze, Carabidee, Scarabeide, Buprestide, Tene- brionidze, Cerambycidz and Chrysomelide were specially studied to determine their proper arrangement in the cabinets. There yet remain to be transferred part of the Chrysomelide, the Curculi- onidze and several minor families, and the New Zealand Coleoptera. In referring to the work on the Hawaiian collections Mr. Swezey continues: ‘‘The Coleoptera, Neuroptera, Diptera and part [257] T2 Director's Report for 1917. of the Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera have been trans- fered to the new cabinets from the drawers in Hawaiian Hall where they have been for the past several years. They are thus put ina more convenient location for reference and study by any of the local entomologists. ‘During the year Mr. Bridwell has added to the collection of Hawaiian insects the following specimens collected by him in the mountains and other parts of Oahu: Hymenoptera, 570 specimens; Diptera, 158; Coleoptera, 975; Orthoptera, 44; Hemiptera, 933; Neuroptera, 17; Odonata, 10; Lepidoptera, 543. A total of 3250 specimens which is more than one-fifth the number of the speci- mens already in the collection of Hawaiian insects. This new material has not been worked up, but it is readily seen that there are many species among them not hitherto in the collection, and there are also some new species among them.’’ It should be noted that hitherto the Museum has had but sixty-four per cent of the number of species listed in the -auna Hawatiensis. ‘This is an indication of the importance of having a working curator under Mr. Swezey in this department. The number of insects if not of species certainly seems to be increasing on these Islands. Exhibitions.—Quoting from the report of Mrs. Helen M. Helvie, Superintendent of Exhibition Halls, in regard to the rela- tion of the Museum to the public: ‘‘The attendance has kept up very well in spite of the changes in steamer schedules, and the withdrawal of many of the passenger boats between Honolulu and the Coast. More local people have visited the Museum, and soldiers from the neighboring forts frequently spend an hour or two of their spare time in going through the Museum, and enjoying the ex- hibits. ‘The attendance of school children has been steadily in- creasing. ‘This year we have had forty-five classes with 1290 pupils from different schools, public and private; and very genuine inter- ’ est in the specimens is always shown.’’ I might add to the report my Own impressions of some of our soldier visitors, whom I have [258] Director's Report for 19177. 3 accidentally met in the galleries and have conversed with. In ex- plaining or directing their attention to particular objects I have found a much greater interest and intelligence than in the average visitor. I have seldom conducted a party of these young men from case to case without feeling myself refreshed instead of wearied: if all the American soldiers could prove as bright, clean, vigorous and receptive as those I have met by chance in the Museum halls, there would be a bright augury for the triumph of the American troops. TABLE OF ATTENDANCE. “ e R FI 5 os 5 - a = D 1917 £ = a Zz = z£ © Et ae = z Se = = = z 5 $ Jee iy spoeoepsaac 1116 228 BH) 99 169 18 WP) (8:2 1,719 MODruary, see enc 1523 199 122 193 288 20 21 112 2,352 MIG IED coscogoo0ene 1394 61 51 53 203 31 23 78. 1,793 orient et | 643 71 iw |: 63 | ws 36 21 44.9 | 940 IPS ceo Neidintelessiayere 391 94 27 120 240 38 PPI eee: ihe! 910 PUIRURE Ct fatarare) Se ayais(e'a/=