TR-141 TECHNICAL REPORT OCEANOGRAPHIC STATIONS TAKEN IN THE INDIAN OCEAN BY USCGC EASTWIND (WAGB-279) IN 1961 WILLIS L. TRESSLER Marine Sciences Department _ U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office JULY 1963 i a 74, U.S. NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. 20390 no TR |4 | Price 75 cents ABSTRACT During late March and April 1961, the USCGC EASTWIND (WAGB-279) occupied 30 oceanographic stations in the Indian Ocean. Three sections were made, one running from off Cape Leeuwin, Australia west as far as 78° E. longitude, a second continuing north from this point to 4° N. latitude, and the third which continued west to just south of Socotra Island. Measurements were made of temperature, salinity, and dis- solved oxygen; and from these data density, sound velocity, and percentage of saturation of dissolved oxygen were de- rived. Transparency was determined by Secchi disc, and the Deep Scattering Layer was observed. Continuous recording of bottom depths by echo sounder was carried out through a region where few soundings had hitherto been reported. Northward reaching tongues of Antarctic Intermediate water are shown on the southern profile and on the south-north profile along the 78° E. meridian. In mid-Indian Ocean, these masses push up toward the surface causing a divergence which is apparent in the salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles. Also delineated are high salinity waters with very low oxygen it ummm 225. e Ocean and re- | pattern to that FOREWORD This technical report presents data collected in an area that offers a real challenge to the oceanographer - The Indian Ocean. The observations from aboard USCGC EASTWIND were made in water where few oceanographic measurements previously had been taken. These data corroborate the findings of some earlier voyages and add to the marine scientists! knowledge of the environmental conditions of this vast ocean. DEN ~» KNOLL Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy Commander ONC vy e i 3. VIIVYLSAV “AIJNGAS “GNIMLSV4 D99SN VI. lhe 2 3 4 5 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION A. Historical B. General Discussion of Oceanography of Indian Ocean DATA COLLECTION DATA COMPUTATION AND PRESENTATION A. Oceanographic Station Data B. Vertical Distribution Profiles C. Vertical Distribution Station Graphs D. Temperature-Salinity Curves DISCUSSION OF RESULTS Temperature Salinity Temperature -Salinity Relations Density Dissolved Oxygen Percentage of Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen . Sound Velocity Transparency Deep Scattering Layer 5 2 @) st bal ©) ©) &2 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES APPENDIX A FIGURES Track Chart of EASTWIND, March and April 1961 Vertical Distribution of Temperature Between Stations 1 and 5 . Vertical Distribution of Salinity Between Stations 1 and 5 Vertical Distribution of Density Between Stations 1 and 5 Vertical Distribution of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 1 and 5 Page Ooo Oo Noy (69) = SN> SS) 10 Page 6. Vertical Distribution of Percentage of Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 1 and 5 11 7. Vertical Distribution of Sound Velocity Between Stations 1 and 5 12 8. Vertical Distribution of Temperature Between Stations 5 and 27 13 9. Vertical Distribution of Salinity Between Stations 5 and 27 14 10. Vertical Distribution of Density Between Stations 5 and 27 15 11. Vertical Distribution of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 5 and 27 16 12. Vertical Distribution of Percentage of Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 5 and 27 17 13. Vertical Distribution of Sound Velocity Between Stations 5 and 27 18 14, Vertical Distribution of Temperature Between Stations 27 and 30 19 15. Vertical Distribution of Salinity Between Stations 27 and 30 20 16. Vertical Distribution of Density Between Stations 27 and 30 21 17. Vertical Distribution of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 27 and 30 22 18, Vertical Distribution of Percentage of Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen Between Stations 27 and 30 23 19, Vertical Distribution of Sound Velocity Between Stations 27 and 30 24 20. Vertical Distribution of Temperature, Salinity, Density (Sigma-t) and Dissolved Oxygen at Stations 1, 3, 5, and 8 25 21. Vertical Distribution of Temperature, Salinity, Density (Sigma-t) and Dissolved Oxygen at Stations 11, 14, 17, and 20 26 22. Vertical Distribution of Temperature, Salinity, Density (Sigma-t) and Dissolved Oxygen at Stations 23, 27, 28, and 30 27 23. Temperature-Salinity Curve at Stations 1, 3, 5, and 8 28 24. Temperature-Salinity Curve at Stations 11, 14, 17, and 20 29 25. Temperature-Salinity Curve at Stations 23, 27, 28, and 30 30 TABLE 1. Salinity Values at the Surface in the Red Sea, April 1961 37, viii OCEANOGRAPHIC STATIONS TAKEN IN THE INDIAN OCEAN BY USCGC EASTWIND (WAGB-279) IN 1961 Willis L. Tressler Marine Sciences Department U. S. Naval Oceanographic Office 1, INTRODUCTION A. Historical On her return trip from the Antarctic in late March and early April 1961, the U. S. Coast Guard icebreaker EASTWIND, Captain J. W. Naab, USCG, Commanding, took 30 oceanographic stations in the south- eastern, central, and northwestern sections of the Indian Ocean (Fig. 1). This was part of the International Indian Ocean Expedition, the EASTWIND being among the first ships to participate in this great undertaking. Three sections were made: The first, east to west from off Cape Leeuwin, Australia along the 32° S. parallel of latitude from 110° to 78° east longitude; the second, north from 32° S. latitude along the 78° E. meridian as far north as 4° N, latitude; and the third, north and west from 8° N. 70° E. to 12° N. 54° E. The east-west section comprised 5 stations, the south-north section 23 stations, and the north-west section 4 stations. Although the Indian Ocean is, perhaps, the least known oceanographically of all the major bodies of water, a fairly large number of vessels, nevertheless, have taken oceanographic stations there. Most of these observations, however, until recently, had been taken in the western and northern portions, and com- paratively little had been reported on the great central water mass. Com- mencing with voyages of the GAZELLE and CHALLENGER in the 1870's and winding up with those of the DIAMANTINA from 1959 to 1962, the list of ships which have occupied oceanographic stations in the Indian Ocean is impressive. It includes such well known names as DANA, DISCOVERY II, METEOR, PLANET, WILLEBRORD SNELLIUS, NORSEL, VALDIVIA, ORMONDE, GAUSS, VITYAZ, MOWE, CDT. CHARCOT, MABAHISS, ALBATROSS, and others. In 1935, DISCOVERY II, returning from the Antarctic, ran a section through the Mozambique Channel, and this series of stations has been the basis for much of the present knowledge of the oceanography of the western portion of the Indian Ocean. Another important section was taken by DANA from Sumatra west across the northern portion of the Indian Ocean as far as Cape Delgado, Africa. North and south sections were made along the L96L WadV GNV HOYVW ‘GNIMISWd JO LYVWHD OVAL “L JYINOIS fo) yued ViiValsnv FB; Ze = \ i FD i, (e) bret ‘ wan NO1A35 ° oe — ° ° 200 ° ° ° 00S oOV o0€ 75° E. meridian by NORSEL in 1956, on the 90° E. meridian by DISCOVERY Il in 1951, near the 86° E. meridian by ALBATROSS in 1945, and at 56° E. longitude on a line running from west of Madagascar to Cape Guardafui by NORSEL in 1955. In 1933, MABAHISS ran a section from the equator at about 63° E. longitude to the Gulf of Oman. Between the years 1959 and 1962, H.M.A.S. DIAMANTINA, operated by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organization, Division of Fisheries and Oceanography (C.S.1.R.O., 1962, and 1962a), participated in a series of cruises that covered most of the waters to the south, west, and northwest of Australia. Three of her tracks ran along the 32° S. parallel, one of which continued to 95° E. longitude. In 1960, the Lamont Geological Observatory research vessel VEMA ran a track which zig-zagged across the 32° S. parallel and which extended as far west as Mauritius Island. In 1959 and 1960, the U.S.S.R. research vessel VITYAZ covered a large portion of the Indian Ocean with her cruises, of which one leg was slightly north of the 32° S. parallel. Other VITYAZ cruises paralleled the south-north profile of EASTWIND on both eastern and western sides along the 72°, 83°, and 90° meridians. A preliminary account of the results of these cruises is reported upon in Okeanologiya (Bezrukov, 1961). The Scripps Institution of Oceanography's research vessel ARGO, in 1960, ran cruise tracks south and north of the 32° S. parallel as far west as Mauritius. By far the most comprehensive of the recent works on the Indian Ocean is that of Muromtsev on "The Basic Pattern of the Hydrology of the Indian Ocean" (Muromtsev, 1959). An extensive data compilation from all available sources, as well as vertical sections, and areal distribution charts of temperature, salinity, density, and dissolved oxygen, accompanys Muromtsev's report . The International Indian Ocean Expedition plans call for an extensive and practically complete coverage of all parts of the Indian Ocean between the years 1963 and 1965 or 1966. B. General Discussion of Oceanography of Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean has long been believed to be similar to the Atlantic, and indeed there are several striking resemblances. Both bodies of water have midridges which join south of the Cape of Good Hope. Both ridges have a rift valley and are centers of seismic activity. The continuity of the two ridges and their rift valleys was recently confirmed from crossings made by VEMA in 1959 and 1960 (Ewing and Heezen, 1960). The Mediterranean feeds water of high salinity into the Atlantic,and the Arabian and Red Seas feed high salinity water into the Indian Ocean. The more important source of high salinity intermediate water for the Indian Ocean is the Arabian Sea; the Persian Gulf is too shallow to furnish much water southward. However, in the Red Sea, a salinity as high as 409%, is caused by intensive evaporation and almost complete lack of run off from the land. This water at intermediate depths may be traced in the western portion of the Indian Ocean as far south as the 40° parallel. The Red Sea, nevertheless, is much less important in supplying the Indian Ocean with water than is the Mediterranean the Atlantic because the Red Sea supply is variable with the season and from year to year. However, unlike the Atlantic, in the Indian Ocean there is apparently no deep, northward-flowing return current, or if such exists, it is of much less importance and is sluggish. Also, the intermediate water is characterized by its low oxygen content which is lowest in the north and which increases toward the south, apparently gaining oxygen by mixture with other water (Sverdrup, Johnson, and Fleming, 1942). Much of the earlier data collected in the Indian Ocean were either inaccurate or insufficiently refined for use in determining water mass move- ments. Thus, Méller's sections based on work prior to 1929 (Moller, 1929) are not generally recognized today. The work of Clowes and Deacon (1935) and Deacon (1937) were perhaps the earliest attempts at an accurate picture of circulation in the Indian Ocean. Later, the published reports of Tchernia, Lacombe, and LeFloch (1951) and of Tchernia, Lacombe, and Guibout (1958) have made use of more recent data. Circulation of the deep water in the western Indian Ocean was reported upon in a recent paper by Le Pichon (1960) in which the "core method" together with geostrophic computations were used. Le Pichonreported a deep current setting to the north which was deflected and weakened by the complex system of ridges. Deacon's (1937) idea of the mixing of Atlantic deep water with Indian Ocean water south of Africa was also confirmed in Le Pichon's paper. Surface and near-surface currents form a rather complex pattern which varies with the season and from year to year. In general, an easterly current sets between Africa and Australia, and during the summer this bends and joins a current coming from the Pacific south of Australia. In winter this current continues on along the southern Australian Coast. The southern part of the Indian Ocean has a large anticyclonic system of currents which, again, is similar to that found in the Atlantic, but the currents in the Indian Ocean are much more variable. North of 20° S., a westerly setting, equatorial current flows. This current is strongest in winter because it is reinforced with water from the Pacific coming along north of Australia; however, in summer, the water north of Australia flows into the Pacific. The Agulhas Current, which sets south along the African coast, is reinforced by part of the South Equatorial Current which turns south. Most of this strong current returns to the Indian Ocean south of Africa, but some, apparently, turns westward and flows into the Atlantic. Probably some Antarctic Intermediate water flows northward in the southern portion of the Indian Ocean. Deep water from the Atlantic comes into the Indian Ocean around Africa. There is, evidently, some intermixing of intermediate water with deep water and bottom water. Red Sea water can be traced as far south as the Antarctic (Thomsen, 1933, 1935). The generalized pattern of circulation and hydrology given above in its broader aspects is definitely lacking in detail, but many existing questions may be answered when results are published from recent cruises and from scheduled International Indian Ocean Expedition cruises. Il. DATA COLLECTION Standard oceanographic station procedure as practiced by the U. S. Naval Oceanographic Office Oceanographers (H. O. Pub. No. 607, 1955), was carried out at each of the 30 stations occupied. A volunteer team of four Coast Guard enlisted men directed by Chief Quartermaster Davis, USN, collected the samples and assisted in some of the laboratory work. Paired reversing thermometers were attached to Nansen bottles, and bottles were placed at all intermediate standard depths. Dissolved oxygen was determined by the unmodified Winkler method on board ship. Salinity samples were sealed in citrate bottles and returned to the Oceanographic Laboratory of the U. S. Naval Oceanographic Office. Determination of salinity was made with a University of Washington type salinometer. Depths at which observations were actually made were determined by thermometric calculation from readings of protected and unprotected thermometers. Aceuracy of observations is con- sidered to be £0.02° C. for temperature, £0.05 parts per thousand (y,,) for salinity, and £0.05 milliliters per liter for dissolved oxygen. Percentage of saturation of dissolved oxygen was interpolated from Fox's Tables (Fox, 1907). When light permitted, transparency was determined with a 30 cm. white Secchi disc. Meteorological information was obtained every 3 hours by aero- graphers assigned to the icebreaker. Continuous underway soundings were made by a UQN-1B echo sounder . Ill. DATA COMPUTATION AND PRESENTATION A. Oceanographic Station Data These data were processed, coded and forwarded to the National Oceanographic Data Center for machine interpolation of values at standard depths and computation of density (Sigma-t), anomaly of dynamic depth from the surface to each level, and sound velocity! . These oceanographic station data are presented in Appendix A. B. Vertical Distribution Profiles Temperature, Salinity, Density (Sigma-t), DissolvedOxygen, percentage Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen, and Sound Velocity were plotted as vertical distribution profiles for each of the three sections of the cruise. These are presented as figures 2 through 19. Contours represent the author's interpretation and have been constructed as closely as possible to the observed values. Limitations caused by positioning of stations and determinations of sample depths make the profiles portray a general picture of conditions rather than a precise delineation of oceanographic parameters throughout the section. C. Vertical Distribution Station Graphs Vertical distribution graphs were prepared for selected stations along the cruise track. These are presented as figures 20, 21, and 22. D. Temperature-Salinity Curves Temperature-Salinity (T-S) curves were contructed for selected stations along the cruise track. These are presented as figures 23, 24, and 25. TKUWAHARA, Susumu, Velocity of sound in sea water and calculation of the velocity for use in sonic sounding, Hydr. Rev., v. 16, no. 2, pp.123-140, 1939. 6 STATION 500 1500 1500 a @) x W be Ww = 2000 2000 36 ‘a a W a) 2500 2500 iy LEGEND My, 1000 e_BOTTOM OF CAST 1000 2O0G RM RN Pr ITT oe el aoe 2000 3000 3000 4000 4000 5000 5000 6000 6000 78°E 86° 94° 102° 110° Fig 2 FIGURE 2. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 35 90 dor 35, 6035 5035.40 S30 ==— ———!_—_—————3 ——<§$<———— 300— 34:90 — eV feloj—— 500 34.70— 34.60—— 34.50 —— 34.40 — 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 LEGEND 1000 e_BOTTOM OF CAST 4 === BOOM 34-76 _ SALINITY (%o) 2000 3000 1 HMI 4000 5000 ih WAM 78°E 86° 94 102° 110 FIGURE 3. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALINITY BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 STATION 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 LEGEND sis e_ BOTTOM OF CAST testy) fim ___ BoTTOM 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 FIGURE 4. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DENSITY (SIGMA-T) BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 500 1000 1000 1500 1500 2000 2500 2500 3000 LEGEND 3000 1000 e_BOTTOM OF CAST 1000 me _____ BOTTOM WHI | 2000 HII MATIN ‘ll A54 2000 OxYGEN YL 3000 3000 5000 5000 6000 FIGURE 5. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. 10 DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION FIGURE 6. LEGEND e_BOTTOM OF CAST ffi _ BOTTOM 59 e~ (0.4) SATURATION VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PERCENTAGE OF SATURATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 500 500 1000 1000 1500 1500 2000 -4894 2000 ee 4900— 2500 2500 2800 LEGEND SOCO 1000 e_BOTTOM OF CAST 1000 Pailin i] ___— BoTTomM 2000 2000 e@ SOUND VELOCITY 4936. ——!N FT/SEC 3000 3000 4000 4000 78°E 86° 94° 102° 110° FIGURE 7. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOUND VELOCITY BETWEEN STATIONS 1 and 5. 12 DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) to) 2000 2500 4000 STATION 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 es fo) il eee ee ees As). A 7/ —=—_F — = | SSE —Aaaee—S 26 oS ! ——_—————— 19 eS ———ae ae S 8 — —— in 5 ——— eS ae — 2. 2.09 e1.79 1.83 e 91.68 F 21.66 Ht NNT Ml Tee | AA TTT Beale | | l L 32S 30 25 20 15 10 5 FIGURE 8. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE STATIONS 5 and 27. 13 e—BOTTOM OF CAST LEGEND BETWEEN 2000 2000 3000 5000 DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) FIGURE 9. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION STATIONS 5 and 27. 14 OF SALINITY LEGEND e_ BOTTOM OF CAST, i—_—_—— BOTTOM Ge SALINITY(%o) BETWEEN FIG9 DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 5 6 FIGURE 10. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 LOR Ome tuo eS mea mee oN eOMen, e2’ 39 27.47, 927.43 a S D LEGEND e_BOTTOM OF CAST ff] ____eotrom VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DENSITY (SIGMA-T) BETWEEN STATIONS 5 and 27 15 DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 0 5) 6 tl 8 e) Ls = ea 4) DO 1000 1500 |— 8 8 2500 2500 3000 ! 4000 Ih n ih UI nh 5000 32°S 30° 255 FIGURE 11. 13 14 10 11 12 20° iss? VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 3.21 . 3.09 LEGEND e@_ BOTTOM OF CAST == BOmlOM e”?__oxyGen(™) mn (Mem rf 10° ey o° {0} 500 1000 1500 3000 (M) 1000 2500 3000 5000 FIG 11 DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 5 and 27. 16 DEPTH (METERS) lo} 500 1000 1500 DEPTH (METERS) 8 8 | 2500 4000 6000 STATION 5 6 Ss. 57 e 908 32°S 30° 25% 20° 15° 45 1000 1500 2000 2500 ei LEGEND e BOTTOM OF CAST — 5000 6000 10 By? 10) SN Fig 12 FIGURE 12. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PERCENTAGE OF SATURATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 5 and 27. NZ, DEPTH (METERS) DEPTH (METERS) STATION 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 ) Ee Es To —' p 500 500 4900 1000 4892.6 1000 — 4875 SOUND CHANNEL Wee a Ra may ene A ay ON Ne a Cel Pe ~N x ~ Co 1500 nol? See \ 1500 2000 4900 —= 2000 _— 4900 2500 2500 ee aR ei i |. 25— 4924, 5 p42, 04937 @4950. 4 4936.6 04938 OEE: pe e -e 3000 aes 3000 (M) (M) 1000 LEGEND 1000 e_ BOTTOM OF CAST 2000 (= sorrom 2000 5 SOUND VELOCITY 4937. __ IN FT/SEC 3000 3000 MANTA) 4000 | I 4000 HI I ||} i lI] Hi} IM Hii " 5000 | Menai NH] i MN] mn] HE 5000 | " : Goro aes 6000 32°S iSO 25 20 15° 10° 5° 0° 5°N Fig13 FIGURE 13. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOUND VELOCITY BETWEEN STATIONS 5 and 27. 18 DEPTH (METERS) 500 1000 1500 DEPTH (METERS) 8 8 2500 3000 (M) 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 54°E FIGURE 14. STATION 28 27 500 1000 1500 2000 DEPTH (METERS) 2500 3000 LEGEND ! (M) e__BOTTOM OF CAST ; 1000 | BOTTOM 1 —--__INTERPOLATED 1 TEMP IN:c| / \ aay J MALDIVE \ | ISLANDS 3000 4000 5000 6000 62 70 78° Fig14 VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 19 500 1000 1500 DEPTH (METERS) N 2500 2000 FIGURE 15. 2000 DEPTH (METERS) 3000 LEGEND ! (M) e__BOTTOM OF CAST ; 1000 1 ---__INTERPOLATED] J ie 034-77 SALINITY (%o) |! \ I MALDIVE 1 ISLANDS ! 3000 I 4000 5000 6000 62° 70° 78° Fig 15 VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SALINITY BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 20 500 1000 1500 2000 DEPTH (METERS) 2500 3000 (M) 1000 2000 3000 5000 54°E FIGURE 16. STATION LEGEND e_ BOTTOM OF CAST BOTTOM 1000 1500 2000 DEPTH (METERS) 2500 | I I 1 —_INTERPOLATED 1 62° VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION ! 2000 1 MALDIVE Ss 1 |SLANDS 4000 5000 6000 70 78 Fig16 OF DENSITY (SIGMA-T) BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 21 STATION 500 1000 -—- 1500 1500 2000 2000 DEPTH (METERS) 2500 L a Pane is 2500 DEPTH (METERS) 3000 3000 (M) LEGEND ! (mM) oe BOTTOM OF CAST i 1000 I BOTTOM 1 LU INTERPOLATED ! be 2000 J 1 } \ ‘if eo __ OXYGEN (™'_) MANDIVE % | | 7 ISLANDS 3000 || 3000 | | | } i) 4000 5000 5000 6000 6000 54°E 62 70° 78 Fig17 FIGURE 17. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 22 500 1000 1500 DEPTH (METERS) 8 3 2500 3000 5000 FIGURE 18. STATION 1500 NO 8 DEPTH (METERS) LEGEND e__BOTTOM OF CAST fm —— —— BOTTOM ——-__INTERPOLATED o'1_(0.%)SATURATION 2000 ! ! I i] 1 1 ? MALDIVE ~ 1 ISLANDS ! 3000 ! Fig18 VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF PERCENTAGE OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 23 STATION SOUND CHANNEL AXIS =F DEPTH (METERS) LEGEND e__BOTTOM OF CAST ———__INTERPOLATED SOUND VELOCITY ! IN FT/SEC] / MALDIVE » 1 \SLANDS I ] FIGURE 19. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOUND BETWEEN STATIONS 27 and 30. 24 DEPTH (METERS) Fig19 VELOCITY EASTWIND STA 1 31 MARCH 1961 EASTWIND STA 3 2 APRIL 1961 0,7 3.00 Cans wa 25.00 PAT) 28.00 $ 23.00 Ss S # — ai 1 28) i P y TEMPERATURE Z 1000] —f1000 h 1000 a i) 2 ia ty 1509] —j1s00 ty 1500] ef- 4 1500 i ti wu = = ac 26 E Eb ao a Ww W Q 2000 O 2000 ta % j boa 2500} 2500] -|- 4 12500 3000] 3000] fs000 1 4 1 iLL - oO z= a e 2 beeen 12 vases 147 arinn 1G = NNO rane 20) nS 22 nu 24. [men | a 20 “a SO © ° 2 a e [Pa eh ee, 16> ae 1 nn 20 an 224 28° ~«30 Fig20A Fig20B EASTWIND STA 5 5 APRIL 1961 EASTWIND STA 8 6 APRIL 1961 Oo O02 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 2.00 o} \gaca Vv arta 00 23.00 Za00 500 2600 700 == ar Ag K 4 a ara 7 - _ T s00}— 1000F—- FS 1500] © sso0}— bE i W WwW = = x z= a a Ww W Q 2000} O 2000 2500) 3000} 4 Fig20D FIGURE 20. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, DENSITY (SIGMA-T), AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN AT STATIONS 1, 3, 5 and 8. 25 EASTWIND STA 11 8 APRIL 1961 @02"V1_2.00 3.00 4.00 ic} 9° 3. W “122.00 2300 2 uv v Pens} er. 3 ‘& rs L 6 cy a0 ET. mms i p TEMPERATURE» FESALINITY a a ti al 1500 65 1500 = i o z z 3c = z= a a mi] my O 2000}— 2000 CO 2000 EASTWIND STA 17 11 APRIL 1961 foe 1,00 2.00 Oo 1 q 500 3.00 37.00 v reZK) ae A 3300 35.09 ASE aA 39 : , “ : 4st i t —+—1 EASTWIND STA 14 9 APRIL 1961 a8 EEK 10° 8 EASTWIND STA 20 12 APRIL 1961 aD a ti 2509 1500 1509} = FE W WwW = = at ak = = a a w wi O 2000) +x Q 2000 2500 2500! 3000) {3000 3000] 22 22" 24" 24 FIGURE 21. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, DENSITY (SIGMA-T), AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN AT STATIONS 11, 14, 17, and 20. 26 28" Fig21D EASTWIND STA 23 13 APRIL 1961 EASTWIND STA 27 15 APRIL 1961 2R Guat 9.09 1.00 # ) 5.00 £209 33.00 10° ASALINITY \ SIGMA-T 500) S00 1000 | 1000 cr a Ww Ww Bb K Ww W = 100 X 1500 = E z ao a Ww Ww a a 2500) 2500 3000) 3000 a | |S ee - - - o 2 a o Co 10° 12° 14° 16° 18° 20° 22° 24" 26° 28° 30" oO 2 4 oe a 10° 12° 14° 16° 18° 20° 22° 24° 26° 28" 30° Fig22A Fig228 EASTWIND STA 28 22 APRIL 1961 EASTWIND STA 30 25 APRIL 1961 ©02='4_0.00 1.09 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 ©02""1_0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 5. fo} Y, Rw 23.00 24.00 28.00 28.0 27.00 ay Va BO 24,00 poked BO 200 225= ay AS he 5.00 36, Yow 34,00 35.00 36.00 ash = = = 30 60 og ae Soe ee os Br pe RR oe a ss DEPTH (METERS) 8 DEPTH (METERS) 8 FIGURE 22. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, DENSITY (SIGMA-T), AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN AT STATIONS 23, 27, 28 and 30. 27 34.50 35.00 35.50 36,00 x SS T T 30 P Oo FE 28" 28° 26" b= 2a 24° 22 de ‘ rc 30,410 0 4 20°}- 20" ie 18° 16" sie - | 14+ a 12" iz 10" 10" LEGEND 5O-DEPTH IN METERS. 8 B 6 4 e 4 1200 =| a 2795 4 2500 . 1 1 \ ale 33.00 34.50 35,00 35.50 36,00 Fig23A SALINITY %o EASTWIND STAS5S_ 5 APRIL 1961 4,00 34.50 35,00 35.50 36.00 es TEMP. T T Ts 287+ jos: 267 a 247 loa 22 E joo at {> = 18° qe 16° 1a 14° 2 hes ab ale a e 6 e- ab ale 2b 42 9 . 34,00 os Fig23c SALINITY Yoo 34,00 EASTWIND STA 1 31 MARCH 1961 SALINITY Yoo EASTWIND STA 3 2 APRIL 1961 Be) 3450 35,00 35.50 36.00 TEMP. fo 12° EASTWIND STA 8 6 APRIL 1961 SALINITY %o 00 34.50 35,00 35.50 36.00 FIGURE 23. TEMPERATURE—SALINITY CURVE AT STATIONS 1, 3, 5, and 8. 28 SALINITY %o 34,00 30° TEMP. © 24° 12 10° SALINITY %o 34.00 EASTWIND STA 11 8 APRIL 1961 34.50 35.00 35.50 36.00 EASTWIND STA 14 9 APRIL 1961 34.50 35,00 35.50 36,00 SALINITY Zoo 00 LEGEND SO-DEPTH IN METERS Fig 24a, EASTWIND STA 17 11 APRIL 1961 34.50 35.00 35.50 36.00 EASTWIND STA 20 12 APRIL 1961 SALINITY %o 34,00 34.50 35.00 35.50 36.00 Fig2ac Fig24D FIGURE 24. TEMPERATURE—SALINITY CURVE AT STATIONS 11, 14, 17 and 20. 29 EASTWIND STA 27 15 APRIL 1961 34.50 35,00 35.50 36.00 EASTWIND’ STA 23 13 APRIL 1961 34.50 35.00 35.50 36.00 SALINITY %o SALINITY Zo 34,00 00 LEGEND SO-DEPTH IN METERS Fig 258 Fig 25B EASTWIND STA 28 22 APRIL 1961 SALINITY %o EASTWIND STA 30 25 APRIL 1961 SALINITY %o. 00 34.50 35.00 35.50 36.00 3i0 3450 35.00 35.50 36.00 Fig25D FIGURE 25. TEMPERATURE—SALINITY CURVE AT STATIONS 23, 27, 28 and 30. 30 IV. DISCUSSION OF RESULTS The area of turbulence in the Indian Ocean, in the areas examined by EASTWIND, extended from the surface to a depth of about 50 meters, and in places somewhat deeper. As in other oceans, conditions in this region were fairly stable and uniform, but below this depth sudden and pronounced changes were encountered as the thermocline was reached. Below the thermocline at depths of from 200 to 600 meters, depending upon the geographic location, conditions tapered off slowly to the deepest observations. Despite the rough and variable bottom contour along the 32°S. parallel (Figs. 2 through 7), conditions did not show any striking trends. On the south-north profiles along the 78° E. meridian (Figs. 8 through 13), salinities and dissolved oxygen pre- sented a complex pattern that indicated a divergence or upwelling between stations 11 and 16, at about 10° and 18° south latitude. The profiles constructed between stations 27 and 30 (Figs. 14 through 19), are somewhat artificial be- cause of the wide spaces between stations and because of the existence of the Maldive Islands between stations 27 and 28. For this reason, these two stations were connected by broken line isopleths. Also, station 30, off Socotra Island, was taken at a considerably shallower depth than most of the other stations; and, as a consequence, without intervening data,isopleths at the lower depths were shown as terminating at an indefinite point. A. Temperature As depicted in Figures 2 and 20, temperatures along the 32° S. parallel from 110° to 78° E. in the zone of turbulence showed only a slight increase toward the west. The comparatively shallower water between 96° and 102° E. was reflected slightly in the curves of the isotherms at depth; all isotherms below the turbulence zone remained roughly parallel to the surface. The thermocline (and here the word is used in its strictest sense, namely a sustained drop of at least 1°C. per 30 meters change in depth) was located between 30 and 50 meters down to a depth of only 100 meters as far as station 5. The 2° isotherm was found throughout this section at depths between 2200 and 2500 meters. Substan- tially the same temperatures at depth were observed by DIAMANTINA in 1959 (C.S.1.R.O., 1962) although her temperatures were somewhat lower (17° to 19°) in the zone of turbulence because of the time of year (November) at which the temperatures were taken. The most interesting profile is the one starting at 32° S. latitude and running north along the 78° E. meridian to 4° N. latitude. This profile com- prised 23 stations. (Fig. 8, 20, 21, and 22). Stations were occupied at 2° intervals as far north at 4° S. latitude and at 1° intervals from there to 4° N. latitude. In the zone of turbulence, which showed a slight increase in depth (from 30 to 75 meters) until 13° S. was reached, temperatures increased from 3] 23 .35° C. at the surface at station 5, to a maximum of 29.68° C. at the sur- face at station 27. Isotherms followed an irregular pattern which reflected no indication of the divergence between 10° and 18°S, latitude. The 2°isotherm, which started at station 5 at around 2300 meters, dropped slowly to a depth of almost 2600 meters at station 27. The thermocline (again employing the term in its strict interpretation) varied from about 30 to 50 meters (at station 27, it commenced at 75 meters) to a depth of 250 to 300 meters. Below the lower limit of the thermocline proper, temperature decreased in a more or less even curve to about 1500 to 2000 meters, below which there was only a slight de- crease to the bottom of the cast. Stations 27, 28, 29, and 30 have been connected together in a section which extends from west of Ceylon to off Socotra Island at the mouth of the Gulf of Aden. A profile along this section is shown in Figure 14, while the vertical distribution of temperature at three of the stations is given in Figure 22. The bottom, which at first is fairly even, becomes highly irregular between stations 29 and 30 and shallows greatly as Socotra Island is approached. The zone of turbulence in this section decreased in extent from station 27, where it extended from the surface to a depth of 75 meters, to 30 meters depth off Socotra Island. Isotherms to a depth of about 200 meters were roughly parallel with the surface; below that depth they tended to slope downward commencing with the 16° isotherm. The 2° isotherm was found between depths of 2600 and 2850 meters, and it dropped fairly sharply between stations 28 and 29. The thermocline was found between depths of 50 and 250 meters. Below the thermo- cline, temperatures followed a gently arched curve to 1500-2000 meters depth, a pattern similar to that observed at the other stations occupied. The maximum temperature observed at any station was noted at station 28 on 22 April 1961 at the surface (29.71° C ). The minimum temperature was noted at a depth of 2940 meters at station 5 on 5 April 1961 (1.66° C). B. Salinity Figures 3, 9, and 15 show profiles of sections giving salinity values with depth along the 32° S. parallel, the south-north track along the 78° E. merid- ian, and from station 27 to station 30 in the northern part of the Indian Ocean. Vertical distribution of salinity at selected stations is shownin Figures 20, 21, and 22. In general, salinity values followed closely those reported by Muromtsev (1959), variations from the general pattern being caused by the time of year at which observations were made. In observations made by EASTWIND, although there was clear evidence of Antarctic Intermediate water at depth, there was no indication of Antarctic Bottom water at any of EASTWIND's stations because of the fact that casts were made only to 3000 meters. 32 In Figure 3, it will be noted that surface salinity values appreciably de- creased from 110° to 78° E. longitude along the 32° S. parallel. Values were higher near the Australian coast and decreased as the mid-Indian Ocean area was approached. They were all well above 35.00%, and at the easterly portion exceeded 36.00%. In November 1959, DIAMANTINA reported almost com- pletely uniform salinities at the surface of the order of magnitude of 35.86%,, along this parallel from 110° to 95° E. longitude (C.S.1.R.O., 1962). isohalines were generally parallel with the surface, and salinity values decreased with depth to the 800 to 1000 meters level. At this stratum, a region of low salinity was encountered which extended some 300 meters downward. The position of this mass of low salinity water was at a somewhat higher level at the eastern end of the profile. This mass probably represented Antarctic Intermediate water from the south. Below the layer of low salinity, values increased towards the bottom. The region of low salinity also showed up in DIAMANTINA's data for the same area. Vertical distribution of salinity is shown in Figure 20 for stations 1, 3, and 5. Here, in each case the salinity curve rather closely followed the temperature curve. The high salinity water to the east in the zone of turbulence and the intermediate layer of low salinity at 1000 meters are prominent. Figure 9 represents a profile of salinity values from station 5 to station 27, or from 32° S. to 4° N. latitude along the 78° E. meridian. The most striking feature of this figure is the large mass of Antarctic Intermediate water of low salinity which pushed its way up from the south at depth and extends as far north as 10° S . latitude. It was probably this mass of water which caused the disturb- ance between 10° and 18°S. latitude. Water with a salinity of 35.00%, or higher, which it is presumed, originated in the Arabian Sea area, can be seen to the right in the figure. This water extended in general from around 900 meters upwards to the zone of turbulence. A pocket of high salinity water was found just below the zone of turbulence between 11°S. and 2° N. Between 10°S. and 17° S. the low salinity, Antarctic Intermediate water, having a lower density, pushed the northern high salinity water closer to the surface and formed an upwelling or divergence. This upwelling is also evident in Figure 11, which shows the distribution of dissolved oxygen. There the Antarctic Intermediate water has a higher oxygen content than the Indian Ocean water. South of 19°S. somewhat higher salinities prevailed at the surface and throughout the zone of turbulence. The vertical distribution of salinity at selected stations along the 78° E. meridian is shown in Figures 20,21, and 22. As far north as station 8, (Fig.20D), salinity follows the temperature curve fairly closely, but at station 11, (Fig.21A), there is a sharp increase in salinity values below the zone of turbulence. Below 800 meters depth there was little change in salinity to the bottom of the cast. At 33 station 14 (Fig. 21B), the salinity curve sharply decreased between 100 and 300 meters, and from the latter depth showed only slight change to the bottom of the cast. At station 17, (Fig. 21C), the patch of high salinity water was encountered at 75 meters, and below the lower margin at 200 meters depth, conditions were relatively uniform to the bottom of the cast. At station 27 (Fig. 22B), the most northerly of this section, 35.00”, water extended down as far as 900 meters. There was a slight increase from this point to the zone of turbulence where the salinity dropped to 34.47%, at the surface. In Figure 15 isohalines for stations 27, 28, 29, and 30 are shown. At the surface, there is a definite increase in salinity as the mid-Arabian Sea is approached, and this is accelerated near the Red Sea outlet at the Gulf of Aden. Furthermore, high salinity water, both from the Arabian Sea and from the Red Sea, penetrated deeper in the western end of the section. Water with salinity values of 35.00%, or higher was found to a depth of 900 to 950 meters at station 27 (Fig. 22B), whereas at station 29 (Appendix A) it had descended below 1400 meters. Station 30 south of Socotra Island was considerably shal - lower than any of the other stations occupied but, nevertheless, showed the highest salinity values of any station observed because of its location in the center of the Red Sea outflow. The vertical distribution of salinity at stations 27, 28, and 30 is shown in Figure 22 (B, C, and D). The curves for stations 27 and 28 are similar below the zone of turbulence. At station 30, however, the extremely high salinity water from the Red Sea reached a depth of 150 meters, and, from this depth to the bottom, a uniform condition of somewhat lower salinity (around 35 .60m,.) prevailed, The meaning of the distribution of salinity values and their relation to the various other masses comprising the water of the Indian Ocean will be discussed in the next section under Temperature-Salinity relations. Identification of water masses can be made by salinity content. These results are further borne out by dissolved oxygen values which will be discussed in a later section. C. Temperature-Salinity Relations Figures 23, 24, and 25 depict the vertical distribution of temperature plotted against salinity. In Figure 23, (A, B, and C), T-S curves for stations 1, 3, and 5 along the 32°S. parallel are presented. The curves are very simi- lar. At station 1, warm, highly saline, and less dense water was present in the zone of turbulence down to around 30 meters depth. This station was close enough to the Australian coast to be affected by the warm water current that sets south along the coast; however, only the upper waters appear to be affected by this current. Below 30 meters to about 150 meters, the waters gradually cooled and 34 salinity decreased. This layer is known as the Subtropical Surface Water Layer. From 150 meters down to 600 meters Indian Central Water was present. Below 600 meters the effect of the Antarctic Intermediate water was beginning to be felt, while between 600 and 1000 meters the station was in the Antarctic Intermediate water proper with low salinity. Below 1000 meters salinity in- creased toward the bottom of the cast while temperature dropped. The Antarctic Intermediate water is thus represented here by a tongue of low salinity water at mid-depth. It is formed at the Antarctic Convergence; there water of compara- tively low salinity and temperature sinks, and the greater portion of it flows toward the north forming tongues of Antarctic Intermediate water at mid=depth which can be traced for long distances in all the oceans. Presence of Antarctic Intermediate water is also graphically portrayed in Figure 3, between depths of about 500 to 1300 meters. The T-S curve at station 3 shows no influence of the warm coastal current along the western coast of Australia, since this station was 8 degrees farther west. Otherwise, water masses appear about as they did at station 1. The Antarctic Intermediate water extends from about 800 to 1200 meters. At station 5, Antarctic Intermediate water is found between 1000 and 1200 meters al- though a glance at Figure 23C will show that while the core of this mass is at 1200 meters the body extends down to around 1500 meters. Following the tongue of Antarctic Intermediate water further north on the south=north profile (Fig. 3), it will be seen that the core successively rises from 1200 meters at station 5, to 1000 meters at station 8, 800 meters at stations 11, 14, and 16. The formation at the top of the T-S curve at station 8 (Fig. 23D) appears to be an anomaly. Possibly heavy local rainfall caused the fresher water layer to occur in the top 20 meters. EASTWIND had experienced rain neither at this station nor before arriving there. However, sudden, heavy rain squalls are frequent in these parts and are usually of very local extent. Between 20 meters and 150 meters there is Subtropical Surface water. Indian Central water is found between 150 and something under 1000 meters. Antarctic Intermediate water appears on the T-S curve between 1000 and 1200 meters. In Figure 24A, at station 11, surface salinity had decreased sharply because of less evaporation that resulted from the increased humidity and because of the low salinity water that was brought in by the South Equatorial Current from the Malay Archipelago. An extremely sharp salinity gradient is noted between 75 and 100 meters. Below 100 meters is a fairly thin layer of Subtropical Sur- face water. The Indian Central water begins at about 250 meters and continues to 800 meters. Antarctic Intermediate water on the curve in Figure 24A for station 11 is between 800 and 1000 meters. Station 14 shows a T-S curve which is similar to that at station 11; the low salinity water in the upper 100 meters is from the South Equatorial Current. Below this down to 250 meters is subtropical 39 Surface water, and from 250 to about 600 meters is Indian Central water. The Antarctic Intermediate water had become mixed with other water and salinity had increased; however, there are some indications of this water on the T-S curve and also on Figure 9 below 600 meters. By the time station 17 was reached, the last traces of Antarctic Intermediate Water had been left behind (Fig. 24C). The upper 50 meters contains low salinity water from the Malay Archipelago. Subtropical Surface water extends from 50 to 100 meters, and below this is the Indian Central water mass. Station 20 (Fig. 24D), shows a T-S curve similar to that at station 17. At station 23 on Figure 25A, there is an isothermal mixed surface layer. Below that, from 20 to 75 meters is Malay Archipelago water, and below that to about 500 meters Indian Central water. Station 27, shown on Figure 25B, was taken on 15 April,with the season progressing toward maximum air temperatures in May. The top, almost isothermal, mixed, surface layer shows this. Below this,to 250 meters, is the thermocline cir- culation. Indian Central water is found below 250 meters. Station 28 (Fig. 25C), occupied on 22 April shows further evidence of approaching high air tempertures in the top 50 meters. From 50 meters to 200 meters the Indian Equatorial water mass is present. From 200 meters down to about 1000 meters the effect of Red Sea water is evident, with the cooler, less saline water below this level. At station 30Qjinfluence of Red Sea water is pronounced in the top 150 meters. Below 150 meters the water mass is Indian Equatorial water. A series of 22 surface salinity samples taken from the southern entrance to the Red Sea at 12° 27' N., 44° 09' E. to the extreme end at 28° 45' N., 32° 57' E. (Table 1), showed a steady and at most times regular salinity increase. Salinity (36.279) at the first sample location was almost exactly that found at survey station 30. This was apparently normal surface salinity for the greater part of the Gulf of Aden because of the broadening out of the water area after it passes the strait of Bab el Mendab. Half way up the Red Sea proper, salinity had reached 39.00%, , and 40 .009,, was attained before entering the narrow portion near the northern end. The highest salinity observed was at the most northern collection point. It was 41.57%. 36 TABLE |. SALINITY VALUES AT THE SURFACE IN THE RED SEA, APRIL 1961 POSITION SALINITY WATER TEMPERATURE Latitude Longitude (%) (F.) 12°27'N - 44°09'E 30627, 83.0 12°48'N = 43°17'E 36 .40 Soe) 13°43'N - 42°57'E 36.41 82.6 14°27'N - 42°27'E 36 .82 82.0 15°15'N - 41°58'E A785) 81.5 16°05'N - 41°27'E 37 .50 81.9 16°55'N - 40°56'E 37 .36 82.2 18°O0'N - 40°17'E 37 .43 82.9 18°34'N = 39°56'E 38 .06 38) 67 19°2I'N - 39°26'E 38 .38 O2ny, 20°08'N = 38°50'E 39 .00 82.2 20°56'N - 38°16'E 39.11 81.0 21°44'N = 37°43'E 38 .80 80.9 22 233uNi=—sO7e lone 39 .66 TAS) of/ 23°21'N - 36°46'E 39 .84 78.8 24°09'N - 36°16'E Sh 5o5) 78 3 25°00'N - 35°43’'E 40.43 74 8 25° 50dNi= soa 13.E 40.26 TAA) 26°37'N - 34°44'E 40.42 73.4 27°19'N = 34° 16'E 40.48 73.0 27°19'N = 33°33'E 40.80 UP252) 28°45'N = 32°57'E AM oSY/ 69 .0 37 D. Density In Figure 4, the profile of density distribution with depth between stations 1 and 5 shows no startling features. In the zone of turbulence density decreased from east to west about one unit of sigma-t. At 50 meters depth, however, density remained nearly constant at around 26.00, and,as normally occurs, density in- creased with depth. The 27.00 isopleth was between 700 and 900 meters between these stations. The profile of density distribution with depth, between stations 5 and 27 (Figure 10), shows a decided drop in density at the surface and in the zone of turbulence from south to north. Rising water temperatures are responsible for the lower densities. Commencing at about 50 meters depth, the 26.00 isopleth drops to 90 meters at station 8 and to 270 meters at station 11. North of this point, this isopleth is pushed upward by the tongue of water of lower salinity (Antarctic Intermediate water). By station 18, it has reached 150 meters depth,and from this point (5° S.) north,it remains at only a few meters below this level. The 27 .00 isopleth shows considerably more of the effects of the tongue of Antarctic Intermediate water than the others. Starting at a depth of 850 meters at station 5,it is pushed up to a little under 500 meters at station 13 (16° S$.) With minor up and down variations, it follows approximately this depth to the northern end of the section. Between stations 28 and 30(Fig. 16), there was a slight increase at the surface. This was caused by increasing salinity as the Red Sea was approached. The 26.00 isopleth almost constantly remains at a depth of about 175 meters, while the 27.00 isopleth only varies from 430 to 465 meters depth. E. Dissolved Oxygen The distribution of dissolved oxygen with depth between stations | and 5 is shown in Figure 5. Vertical distribution at selected stations along the 32° S. parallel is shown in Figure 20, A, B, and C. There was no apparent trend in the upper waters, but from around 1200 to 2000 meters a tongue of water with low oxygen extended from the east and became mixed as mid-Indian Ocean areas were reached at station 5. This is the characteristic low oxygen layer underlying Antarctic Intermediate water, which is comparatively high in oxygen. There was also water containing more oxygen below the low oxygen tongue that extended to the bottom of the casts. In Figure 20, A. B. and C, vertical distribution curves for dissolved oxygen at stations 1, 3, and 5 are similar,and roughly follow the temperature curve below the zone of turbulence. The layer of low oxygen from the surface to 50 meters depth was apparently a result of the western coastal current of Australia. 38 Figure 11 shows the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen with depth between stations 5 and 27 (32° W. and 4° N. along the 78° E. meridian). The most striking feature of this profile is the large mass of low oxygen water in the north which came in from the Arabian Sea and, to a lesser extent, from the Red Sea. To the south of the profile, this water pushed the high oxygen water upwards. Mixture of the two is clearly shown. The disturbed condition between 10° and 18° S .is also shown as in the salinity profile for the same stations. In Figures 20,21, and 22, the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen at selected stations along this south-north section is shown. The effect of the large body of low oxygen water is evident from the highly irregular form of the curve. Figure 17 shows the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen between stations 27 and 30. In the zone of turbulence, oxygen values were average, but below this depth values decreased rapidly. Atstation 28, the lowest values were observ - ed. The lowest, 0.39 ml/l, occurred at 250 meters depth. Below a depth of from between 1000 and 1200 meters, where the 1.00 ml/I isopleth is shown in this profile, oxygen values increased steadily toward the bottom of the casts. In Figure 22 B, C, and D, the vertical distribution of dissolved oxygen is shown for stations 27, 28, and 30. The very low oxygen values observed at station 28 again stand out in the peculiarly shaped curve. Station 30 shows an entirely different type of oxygen curve as values decrease very rapidly below the zone of turbulence in the layer between 100 and 200 meters, and then re- main almost without change from this depth to the bottom. F. Percentage of Saturation of Dissolved Oxygen Supplementing a knowledge of the actual values of dissolved oxygen in oceanic waters, it is of interest to know just how much oxygen is dissolved in comparison with the amount the water could hold under standard pressure at the temperature observed. Percentages of saturation less than maximum (100%) invite questions as to why the water is not saturated, and these questions are not always easy to answer. Temperature is involved because cold water will hold more dis- solved gas than warm water. Currents which bring water of low or high oxygen from other regions often account for high or low saturation percentages. Abun- dance or scarcity of phytoplankton or a superabundance of oxygen consuming plankton are factors to be taken into consideration. When favorable conditions prevail such ascalm, clear weather, bright sunshine,and abundant phytoplankton, supersaturation in the upper waters may result. With a transparent, snowless ice cover, percentages of supersaturation as high as 300% have been noted in inland lakes. Figures 6, 12, and 18, show vertical distribution of percentage of saturation 39 of dissolved oxygen. It will be noted that in general the isopleths follow very closely those for actual dissolved oxygen values (Figs. 5, 12, and 17). In Figure 6, percentages along the 32° S. parallel are shown. Saturation or slight supersaturation can be observed at the surface and in the zone of turbulence where the water was well mixed by wind and waves, and where the water was in contact with the air. Below the zone of turbulence, percentages of saturation decreased; the lowest values occurred below the level of the Antarctic Intermed- iate water. Here, at between 1200 and 2000 meters depth there was only 50% saturation. Saturation percentages increased below these depths as far as the bottom of the cast. As shown in Figure 12, dissolved oxygen saturation percentages at and near the surface, which commenced at 32°S. latitude at saturation point, declined somewhat as observations reached areas farther to the north. The 100% isopleth remains well within the zone of turbulence as far north as about 16°S. Here it terminates at the surface, and beyond this point complete saturation was never regained. The advancing season with higher air temperatures and water temper- atures, plus low oxygen water from the Arabian Sea accounted for the decrease in saturation as one progresses northward. The large mass of low saturation water coming in from the Arabian Sea and pushing under the upper waters is clearly shown in Figure 12. Dissolved oxygen saturation reached a low at 800 meters depth at station 27 (10%). The 10% isopleth continues at a depth of 800 meters westward (as shown in Fig. 18) past station 29. At station 30, however, it rises sharply to the 200 meter level. Surface waters attained 100% saturation only at station 28, and there was a noticeable decrease westward. Red Sea water account- ed for the low saturation percentages found at station 30 where, below 150 meters, saturation was less than 10%. The lowest saturation percentages (6%) were found at station 28 at 240 meters depth and at station 30 between 400 and 600 meters. Although dissolved oxygen saturation percentages increased toward the bottom of the cast east of station 30, a high saturation value was never attained. Mix- ing of the low oxygen water originating in the Red Sea accounted for this. G. Sound Velocity Figure 7 shows vertical distribution of sound velocity between station 1 and 5. At and near the surface, sound velocity is greatest at the western or mid- Indian Ocean end of the profile. The actual value reached slightly more than 5000 feet/second. A sound channel where the velocity has decreased to 4851 to 4866 feet/second, is located at a depth of 800 meters at station 2 but drops to 1200 meters at the next station and continues at this level to the end of the pro- file at 78° E. longitude. Vertical distribution of sound velocity between station 5 and 27 is shown in Figure 13, Sound velocity at the surface increases toward the north because of 40 salinity increase. A sound channel, which starts out at 32°S. latitude in the tongue of Antarctic Intermediate water at a depth of 1200 meters, ascends to 1000 meters at station 11 (20° S. latitude) as it follows the tip of the tongue toward the surface. North of the divergence, the sound channel again drops to 1200 meters and continues at 1200 meters as far as 6° S. At the equator, the sound channel has descended to 1500 meters and with slight variation, maintains approximately this level to the end of the profile. Sound velocity between stations 27 and 30 (Fig. 19) shows almost no change at or near the surface. lIsopleths are nearly parallel with the surface until the 4925 line,which dips sharply downward west of station 29. This dip is reflected in the location of the sound channel which rises from 1500 to 1100 meters at station 28 and then drops to 1400 meters at station 27. H. Transparency Secchi disc transparency was determined whenever light conditions permitted; 18 out of the 30 stations include such observations. On the southern 32° S. sec- tion three transparency readings averaged 29.5 meters and ranged from 25 to 38.7 meters. On the south-north section 12 transparencys averaged 25 meters with a range between 22 and 30 meters. Three transparencys taken at stations 28, 29, and 30, averaged 30 meters with a range of between 27 and 38 meters. The high- est or best transparency observed was at station 4 (38.7 meters) and second highest or best was at station 28 (38 meters). Thus, an average of ali stations measured in the Indian Ocean comes to about 26 meters transparency. 1. Deep Scattering Layer The deep scattering layer was followed by observing the fathometer trace three times per day, and it remained between depths of between 100 and 300 fathoms until the evening of 1 April at about 104° E. longitude. That evening it was weak at 250 fathoms and was not observed again until 11 April at latitude 8° S.,when it reappeared on the trace at between 200 and 400 fathoms. It was evident also at that time that at least part of the DSL had come to the surface because of the abundance of lumenescent ctenophores, fish, and squid that were dashing around under the powerful winch light, when stations were taken at night. The DSL continued on into the waters off Ceylon, and it was followed a- cross the northern Indian Ocean but disappeared in the Red Sea. The disappearance of the Deep Scattering Layer in mid-Indian Ocean and its reappearance near the Indian coast duplicate its performance in the Pacific Ocean where this phenomenon has been observed several times en route to New Zealand from Panama. It is the author's belief that no DSL exists in mid-ocean because of the scarcity of plankton, hence scarcity of plankton feeders, squid, and fish. A] V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is a pleasure to acknowledge the cooperation of the U.S. Coast Guard, Captain J. W. Naab, in command of the EASTWIND, his officers and crewmen, who made possible the collection of the data discussed above. When it is con- sidered that the taking of 30 ocean stations added several days to the length of the cruise and to the lateness of arrival in Boston, EASTWIND's home port, and that the ship and crew had already been away from home many months, it is especially gratifying to recall the willingness with which each man assisted in the program to the best of his ability. The author can recall no complaints what- soever about the part the oceanographic program was playing in delaying final anchor time in Boston, and this is an unparalleled situation in his experience. 42 VI. REFERENCES Australia, C.S.1.R.O., 1962a, Oceanographical Cruise Report No. 1, Oceanographical Observations in the Indian Ocean in 1959, H.M.A.S. DIAMANTINA. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Fisheries and Oceanography, 134 p. Australia, C.S.1.R.O., 1962b, Oceanographical Cruise Report No. 2, Oceanographical Observations in the Indian Ocean in 1960, H.M.A.S. DIAMANTINA. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Fisheries and Oceanography, 128 p. Bezrukov, P.D., 1961, Issledovaniya Indiyskogo okeana v 33-m reyse e/s VITYAZYA (Investigations of the Indian Ocean During the 33rd Cruise of the RV VITYAZ). Okeanologiya, 1 (4), p. 745-753. Clowes, A. J., and Deacon, G.E.R., 1935, The Deep-Water Circulation of the Indian Ocean. Nature (London), 136 (3450), p. 936-938. Deacon, G.E.R., 1937, The Hydrology of the Southern Ocean. Discovery Repts., 15, p. 96-99. Ewing, M., and Heezen, B. C., 1960, Continuity of Mid-Oceanic Ridge and Rift Valley in Southwestern Indian Ocean Confirmed. Science, 131 (3414), p. 1677-1679. Fox, C.J.J., 1907, On the Coefficients of Absorption of the Atmospheric Gases. Pt. 1. Nitrogen and Oxygen. Table 11. No.of cc. of Oxygen Absorbed by 1000 cc. of Sea-Water from a Free Dry Atmosphere of 760 mm. Pressure. Publ. Circ. Cons. Explor. Mer., No. 41, p. 20-21. Kuwahara, $., 1939, Velocity of Sound in Sea-Water and Calculation of the Velocity for Use in Sonic Sounding. Hydro Rev., 16 (2), p. 123-140. Le Pichon, X., 1960, The Deep Water Circulation in the Southwest Indian Ocean. Jour. Geophys. Res., 65 (12), p. 4061-4074. Moller, L., 1929, Die Zirkulation des Indischen Ozeans. Berlin Univ. Veroff. Inst. f. Meereskunde, N.F., Reihe A., 21, 48 p. Muromtsev, A. M., 1959, Osnovnyye cherty gidrologii Indiyskogo okeana (Basic Pattern of the Hydrology of the Indian Ocean). /Text/ 175 p., Supp. 1. Tables of Temperature, Salinity, Density, and Oxygen Content p. 177-437. Supp. 2 Atlas of Vertical Cross Sections and Charts of Temper- ature, Salinity, Density, and Oxygen Content 112p. Hydrometeorological Press. 43 Thomsen, H., 1933, The Circulation in the Depths of the Indian Ocean. Yours, dui Gonsmyaon(l) piper o=7 oe. Thomsen, H., 1935, Enstehung und Verbreitung einiger charakteristischer Wassermassen in dem Indischen und stidlichen Pazifischen Ozean. Ann. d. Hydr. usw. 63 (8), p. 293-305. Stepanov, V. N., and Shagin, V. A., 1961, Tipy izmeneniya solenosti vody po vertikal v Mirovom okeane (Types of Vertical Salinity Variations in the World Oceans). Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 136 (4),p.927-930. Sverdrup, H. U., Johnson, M. W., and Fleming, R. H., 1942, The Oceans, Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology. Prentice-Hall, 696 p. Tchernia, P., Lacombe, H., and Le Floch, J., 1951, Contribution a |'étude de |'oc€an Indien et du secteur adjacent de |'océan Antarctique. Bull. Inform. C.O.E.C., 3 (10), p. 414-479 Tchernia, P., Lacombe, H., and Guibout, P., 1958, Sur quelques nouvelles observations hydrologiques relatives & la région €quatoriale de |'océan Indien. Bull. Inform, C.O.E.C., 10 (3), p. 115-143. U.S. Hydrographic Office, 1955, Instruction Manual for Oceanographic Observations, 2d Ed., H. O. Pub. No. 607. U.S. Hydrographic Office, 210 p. 44 APPENDIX A OCEANOGRAPHIC STATION DATA NODC REFERENCE NUMBER 00599 45 ee ree i" sh bebe i at us » va > : ou — ie Mi we _ I aw ; i. of 7 i nba yi Shy, iy yi Le Piechy 2 aie al POE SBHIN iv naDIA = eee vr a Ey SCN wal ae ites Ps My. id Capt ; if eguns t stay) PAL H.R a ays 18 4 pe a. 4 - EXPLANATION OF OCEANOGRAPHIC STATION DATA A. General Each of the items appearing on the data pages |s explained below. The vertical arrows shown in some of the column headings indicate the location of decimal points. The presence of asterisks to theright of data indicates those data are doubtful; hence, they were not used In the construction of the curve from which Interpolated values (standard depth values) were derived. Observed values which were obviously invalid were omitted entirely. B. Surface Observations 1. NODC Ref.No. This number fs arbitrarily assigned. It identifies the cruise and provides a means of sorting from the IBM files all cards pertaining to that particular cruise. A cruise number for each ship is presented on the flysheet for the tabulated oceanographic data. 2. Station Number. Stations are numbered to designate a certain station location; however, stations are presented in the chronological order in which they were occupied. 3. Date. Month and day are given In Arabic numerals. The last three figures of the year are indicated. The hour is Greenwich Mean Time and is that hour nearest to the start of the first cast. 4. Latitude and Longitude. The position of the station is given in degrees and minutes . 5. Sonic Depth. Sonic Depth is the uncorrected sounding for the station, recorded in meters. 6. Maximum Sample Depth. The maximum depth from which a water sample was . obtained at the station is given to the nearest 100 meters. 7. Wind. Wind speed ts given in meters per second. Direction from which the wind blows is coded In degrees true to the nearest ten degrees. Tie last zero Is omitted. North fs 36 on this scale and calm Is 0. See Table 1, Compass Direction Conversion Table for Wind, Sea, and Sweli Directions. 8. Anemometer Height. The height of the anemometer above the waterline is given in meters. 47 9. Barometric Pressure. Barometric pressure is coded in millibars, neglecting the 900 or 1000. Thus, 996 millibars. is coded as 96 and 1008 millibars is coded as 08. 10. Air Temperature. Dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures are entered to the nearest tenth of a degree Celsius (°C). A negative temperature is coded by drop- ping the minus sign and adding 50; thus -10° is coded as 60. 11. Humidity. The percent of humidity is coded directly, 100 percent being coded as 99. 12, Weather. Weather is coded as indicated in Table 2, Numerical Weather Codes - Present Weather. 13. Cloud. Cloud type and amount are coded as indicated in Tables 3, Cloud Type, and 4, Cloud Amount. 14. Sea. Sea direction and amount are coded as indicated in Tables 1 and 5, respectively. 15, Swell . Swell direction and amount are coded as indicated in Tables 1 and 6, respectively. 16. Visibility. Visibility is coded as indicated in Table 7, Visibility. C. Subsurface Observations 1. Sample Depth. Observed (actual) depth of each sample is given in meters. Interpolated values at standard depths are also given. The standard depths, in meters, are: 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, and thence every 1000 meters. 2. Temperature. The Celsius(°C) temperature is given in degrees and hundredths. 3. Salinity. Salinity is given in parts per thousand (by weight) to two decimal places. 4, Sigma-t. To convert to density divide by 1000 and add 1. Thus, a sigma-t value of 22.35 converts to a density of 1.02235. 5. Delta-D. The values in the columns are the anomalies of dynamic depths from the surface to each level in dynamic meters. Each entry is the cumulative sum of the anomalies of dynamic depth of the layer above. These values have been computed for the standard depths only, and serve to identify computed points. 48 6. Dissolved Oxygen. These values when given are in milliliters per liter to two decimal places. Values of 10.00 or above rarely occur and are coded as DA? 6 7. Sound Velocity! Sound velocity is given in feet per second to one decimal place, corrected for pressure at each depth. See footnote | on page 6. TABLE 1. COMPASS DIRECTION CONVERSION TABLE FOR WIND, SEA, AND SWELL DIRECTIONS Code Direction Code Direction 00 ------------ Calm 9 0 eeeneeenenn- 185° to 194° Oj] ------------ 5° to 14° 20 eennnnnnn-== 195° to 204° SSW 02 ------------ 15° to 24° NNE 21 eeeeennn---- 205° to 214° 03 ------------ 25° to 34° 22 eeerenccenna 215° to 224° 04 ------------ 35° to 44° 230 eennan------ 225° to 234° SW 05 <------------ 45° to 54° NE 24 annnnnnn=-== 235° to 244° 06 ------------ 55° to 64° 250 eecennan--=- 245° to 254° WSW 67 65° to 74° ENE 96 idaaselbieled 255° to 264° 08 ------------ 75° to 84° a 265° to 274° W 09 ------------ B5° to 94° E 28 ------------ 275° to 284° 10 ------------ 95° to 104° 29 wren nnn n= === 285° to 294° WNW 1] ------------ 105° to 114° ESE 30 ------------ 295° to 304° Tg) et See ae 115° to 124° 3] seennnnn==-- 305° to 314° 13 ------------ 125° to 134° 32 ------------ 315° to 324° NW 11/5 135° to 144° SE 33 ------------ 325° to 334° 15 ------------ 145° to 154° ee 335° to 344° NNW 16 ceeeeeeeees 155° to 164° SSE 35, sceceoecenH= 345° to 354° 17 eee et 165° to 174° 36 ---=------=- 355° to 4° N (Ke) 7 he een 175° to 184° § 99 0 wwe annnnnn== Variable or unknown 49 “UOT}eATaSGO jO Bui} 12 LON 3nQ ‘unoy ysed Buunp wsoysiapuny) hqo jo aunty ye rey 40) Paxius mous pue UIeJ JO} ‘mous Aaeay JO “pow, V6 *SUOI}eAJaSGO 40 aw} ye jOu yng ‘unoy jsed Buunp wuojssapuny) “UONPeAUasgoO 40 aul} je }iey JO paxiy Mous pue ules 40 mous $4315 €6 "uolyeasasqo jo aw) 12 LON 3NQ ‘unoy ised Buunp wsoyssapuny} “qo jO aun ye ures Aaeay 40 ajesapow AS) “uonPAlasqo ‘uOnRAeSgO] =" UORRAJASGO 4O BUI} eo 9WI} 3e MOUS JO Buy Je WIOJSpues JO}Je MOUS 40/pUe les; YONeAJaSGO jO BI} }e}J0/pue Wes YIM 4NG FO OwWIy Je [EY YIIMJuO}SYsNP YPM PIVIQ/YM INQ "ey JNOYIMI]eY YIM “WIOJSIOPUNYY "ey pNOYIMm WIOISIap, wuajsuapuny} AaeaH j-woo Wuo}suapuny) | W4OjsJapuNy) Aaeay jajesapow 410 VYUBNS |-uny, pow 4o yYyaNS 66 86 Z£6 96 S6 “paxilu MOUS pue vies JO ules yno “paxil MOUS “Uji 4O GUIM jley jets} PUB UIes JO Lied INOW) JO }j0S jO (S)saMmoys} JO YIM Hey |/eUIs 10 }0s Kaeay 10 ajesapow |)0 (s)iamous yYy8S 88 28 “J2PUNY) Yd payed "UOHVeAIaSGO 40 aWI} 12)-osse jou 'paxiw mous LON 1ng ‘inoy ysed 3u1] pue2 ules 10 UIes JNOYIIM ANP WIOSIBPUNY) © GO} jo YM Wey 4o(S)JaMoYUs Aaeay 10 ajesapow yO auiy ye ules Wyss 06 “uonesasgo 16 “uapUuNny) YIM Payeisosse yOu ‘paxil MOUS PUE UIeJ JO UIes NOYWM 3O YMA | $0 (s)4amoys YS 68 “paxiws mous pue uiei 4,0 (s)samous Aaeay 30 ajeiapow vs *(S)samoys mous Aaeay 10 3)e1apOW 98 ‘(s)sa -mOYS UIes JUBIOIA c3_ paxil MOUS pue ued yO (s)samoys 1Y43IS €8 (S)samoys ules Aaeay JO 3}esapow 18 (s)saMOYs mous 43S S8 “(S)samoys uies YRS ek=; “(Boy NMOYA JO YIM) S}eySAID MOUS @I[J2}S Pa}ejOs} S74 “UOITRAJ@SQO JO ail} “UONeAJTSGO jO JUN) | UONeAJaSQO 4O JWI) FR] UONeAIISQO ;O dust} Je “UORPAUaSGO jO awl, (30; jnoyyimlje LAeay ‘sayeymous| ye Aneay'sayeyMous | ayesmoow “sayel;MoUs|ajesa00W ‘sayeljmous }Ie JYBIiS ‘sa4e|;Mous © YIM) sajpaau 23} [jo yey snonuMuoy | joes iuaiswiaiuy Jyo jjey sMOMUIVUOD | jo Hey JuarwWsayuy [FO 11e) sNONUNYOD 9Z aeZ vl EL cL Ww “UOH}eAI@SQO 40 ati} ye 1Y3Ns ‘saxelj ous yO 2p juapiuarul OL “(uoRIUyaP 'S Nn ‘yaajs) syajjad ao) 62 “(30y ynoYM JO Yi) mous sejnueID LE UONBAIGSQO jC aus) je UONVRAaSGO 40 ati) “QO 49 aust} Ye aleQsa uoljeAsasgo yo] “UOtjerdasgo 40 aut) je Aneay “(3uiZ9as) LON) {J@ alesgoow “(Suizaasj}-pow (Buizaasy JON)| auny se juss (Burzaas| juss (3uiza944 LON) ules WUa{iWs2IUL | LON) UiersnorunueD Jures Juatiwsaju) LON) Ulessnonunuod [ules pusiyiwisaiul v9 Se) GE) US) @2 “Kaeay 40 ajese@pow ‘mous pue ajzZup 30 uey 69 *UOIRAIASGO jO awn ye Aneay ‘(Buizaa LON) ules snanunued Ss “ures Buizaaiy Aaeay 10 ayeirapow LS) Wu3is ‘mous pue ajzzZup jo uiey 89 ‘ures Buizaasy pYydyS 39 VYONersasgo jO awl} Ie yoy) “(3uIz9944 LON) 217ZIP juai Wau vS "UOYRAHSQO JO aw} 1e woud “(2u1z322) LON) *alzZZup Buizaasz WSS }ajzZiup snonuiyuoy QO }0 awn ie aye Japow (3uiz799a4) LON) ajzZiup snonunuog €S Qo JO aun} je ae uoljeasasqo 40 aw, "uONeAsasgo jo aw} sepow (Buizaas} LON)} ye 1uBus (Buizae14 JON) |e WSs (3UizZaaqy LON) @IZZUP JUs iu sajuy ajzZzZiup snonuijuoy SjZZUP Jualpwsajuj AS} 1S OS snoy jsed Buunp uonels ye LOR! 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CLOUD TYPE O = OONAOUOFPWN—O Stratus or Fractostratus Cirrus Cirrostratus Cirrocumulus Altocumulus Altostratus Stratocumulus Nimbostratus Cumulus or Fractocumulus Cumulonimbus TABLE 4. CLOUD AMOUNT O fo] rom @ OONAOOFEWH— OC No clouds Less than 1/10 or 1/10 2/10 and 3/10 4/10 5/10 6/10 7/10 and 8/10 9/10 and 9/10 plus 10/10 Sky obscured 51 TABLE 5. SEA AMOUNT Mean Max. Height of Sea Waves Code in feet (Approx .) Description 0 0 Caim (glassy) 1 0- 173 Calm (rippled) 2 Veo 1 Be Smooth (wavelets) 3 12/3 - 4 Slight 4 4- 8 Moderate 5 8 - 13 Rough 6 13 - 20 Very rough 7 20 - 30 High 8 30 - 45 Very high _ 9 over 45 Phenomenal” + As might be expected in center of hurricane TABLE 6. SWELL AMOUNT Approximate Description No swell Short or Average Long = => ie) Or fe (e} z “ = we Short Average Ov = ie) = NO (eo) fel, 10) a Q =< oO rm fe) S) ice} Greater than 12 Confused 52 Short Average se (‘e} Se - ° =} bi Approximate Length (feet) 0 to 600 Above 600 0 to 300 300 to 600 Above 600 9 to 300 300 to 600 Above 600 TABLE 7. VISIBILITY Code 0 Dense fog --------------------------------- 50 yards 1 Thick fog -------------------------------- 200 yards 2 FOG wane enn nen nnn nnn nnn nen nen 400 yards 3 Moderate fog --~------------------------- 1000 yards 4 Thin fog or mist ----------------------------- 1 mile 5S Visibility poor ------------------------------ 2 miles 6 Vistbility moderate -------------------------- 5 miles 7 Visibility good ---------------------------- 10 miles 8 Visibility very good ------------------------ 30 miles 9 Visibility excellent ------------------- Over 30 miles TABLE 8. WATER COLOR Code (Percent yellow) Description 00 ----------+--==+==----------- Deep blue 10 --------- 29-222 enn ene ee-= Blue 20 ---------------------------=- Greenish-blue (or green blue) 610) oe ee ee Bluish-green (or blue green) MQ wnnn mene nnn nnn anne nnn nen Green 50) <---02ne2~~----=--- =~ === -- = Light Green 60 n-ne enn - enn nnn nee Yellowish-green 70 -------~----------~-----=---- Yellow green 80 -----~---------------------- Green yellow 90 annnnnna-------- == === Greenish-yellow Q9 qn-nwnn nna ann oe enn === Yellow 53 D, Additional information given on each station data sheet includes: (1) The number of casts taken, the wire angle observed, the number of Nansen bottles used, and the type thermometers used. (2) The number of protected thermometers considered to have functioned properly. (Indicated as accepted). (3) The number of unprotected thermometers considered to have functioned properly. (Indicated as accepted when the computed thermometric depth was within + 1%of the accepted depth betweenO and 1000 meters and + 0.5% of the accepted depth below 1000 meters .) Table 9 gives a summary of the paired protected thermometer readings for cruise 00599. Table 9. SUMMARY OF PAIRED PROTECTED THERMOMETER READINGS, CRUISE 00599. DIFFERENCE °C. BETWEEN PAIRED THERMOMETERS Accepted and Averaged 00] 01 [.02 [03 [.04 ].05 ].06 [> .06 | [ann fools fos [on or fos ve [om % of Total f0.[ 19.9 17.4fl0.5|10.5|6.6j2.8] 3.1, 19.2 + * Both readings of one pair were rejected. One Thermometer of Pair Not Accepted Total Number of Pairs Used During Cruise 54 | Consec. Sta. No. 1 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS THER, | STATION Hae Resins SO SRM ERE NO. MO DAY | YEAR | HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH | 00509 0001 | 93 3] | 1961 | 04 | 22 00'S 110 oo'E | 5029 28 ANEH OMI MEATR AIR TEMPERATURE |i CLOUD SEA | SWELL WATER | HGT. | PRESS ity |WEATHE VIS. DRY V WET Y TYPEJAMT.| DIR. aut. | DIR lan. COL, TRANS. ees (or a ee ae i SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Tac s%O ot = AD Ozm I/I DEPTH (M) v y Y y — STN 0000 ZOM 2655) By 2 OBS} 0000 20. OSs\se0 COw Wi2e eats Be 40) 4993 0% STD 0010 20 64 EB). (@)S) ors} 0010 ZOOM 64 B50 89920) | 2am SIGH Bye (oe) 4992 & oRS| 0019 ZOR MO 2a1131D5 8S 3 Do he SO 4992 9 ST) 0020 ZOOM Cieisbet- 93 23 73S) Ey» (0)} 4992 9 ORS} 0029 Ae SIE Bib 993 25) 34 EB). 1{9)) 4992 8 ST) 0030 20) Be} 35) SS) 2 35 B). - *{6)'S) 4992 7 OBS| 0048 20m 41) 1215) 394 23 39) 5 14 4992 8 STD 0050 19) S53 5) Shy 25 48 Sa 2:8 4987 5 OBS} 0072 WG) ase) lesa ess AS, Alig (6) hal 4943 8 STD 0075 150) 245 (3)5) esi5 ZG) Aa: sy.) s)al 4942 0 ORS) 0097 I IE eS 3B)©) 26 47 (s, 29) 4932 0 STD 0100 15 bal je BS) 26 48 i @al Asal 1 OBS} 0145 be). SE hay. Bis} AS eZ 5 44 4926 8 STD 0150 3a SOM BDe M36 AS 92) 5 4&4 4925 8 ORS} 0193 2 SiGe Bion eZ 2) 1 ©) 5 48 4917 3 STD 0200 I ae 5 1S Zoey Tell By. BQ) 4915 6 ORS} 0242 11 307 BS" 403 29 1S be 518 4907 5 STD 0250 lake Zab) >) Oz QS ALT Bit (10) 4906 9 OBS} 0291 Io)» “THey eG S)5) ZS 4830) By (58) 4903 8 STD 0300 Ome 65 m[3 SS 26 80 By 3) 4903 0 ORS} 0368 09 93 B4 80 26) 83 Bo 92 4898 0 STD 0409 09-76-24 77 26 84 5 54 4897 0 OBS} 0460 OS% 205 B4 w2 26) 3 8iii, Bi 23} 4895 5 STD 0500 OS ASB 69 26 88 5 41 4895 4 OBS| 0553 08 76 B4 64 ZI6N 289) 5 24 4894 1 STD 0600 08 39 B4& 58 As Sal By aby 4892 0 ORS| 0645 Or Chik jis Se) 26 94 5 06 4888 5 ORS| 0737 06 5134 45 2 O71 4 68 4875 7 STD 0800 05 60 B84 41 At Ae 4 63 4867 3 OBS} 0922 O49 20s 347 319 ZirS) 4 42 4855 5 STD 1000 03 66 B4 42 Pt eis) ela 4852 8 ORS} 1107 03 03 B4 46 27 47 Ey }0) 4850 5 STD 1200 O27 95 n3'45) 750 Bap By ah B73 4855 0 ORS} 1385 04 39*B4 57 27 42% 3 64 4886 4* STD 1500 02 68 B4 61 2 @2 Bh. St 4869 5 ORS} 1852 O22 St) aes" 7/0) AY U2 By 78) 4886 4 STD 2000 O22 22 ae al Pl es Bh 7S) 4892 9 OBS} 2321 ON SS Bas ie 27 us) iB) ts}{s) 4908 7 STD 2500 Oem Ore a TS 2 82 By Sr 4919 2 OBS) 2795 O01 95 B& 86 24) 139) 4 14 4936 7 Sta. No. | 1 | Cast | Wire THERMOMETERS | No.| Angle [Protected] | Used [Accepted | Used | Accepted JEL = | Pea eee a ee es ae 55 ConsaceiStaluNomile SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION SONIC REF. STATION DEPTH NO. MO. | DAY | YEAR HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED| DEPTH oT / u 7 00599] 0002 | 04 O01 | 1961 | 14 32 oo Ss | 102 OORE | 3383 Waite ANEMO.| AIR Sasa tp. HGT. | PRESS | 07 |27 | 20 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS BoM TEN T °c s%o ] ot | AD Ozmi/\ Vy ( v v v v v v Sind 0000 A) O2 185)" So) 25 46 0 000 BD Ai 4986 2 OBS} 0000 ZO O2 530 25 46 By 27/ 4986 2 STD 0010 7(0), {os} i 91 25. 4 Oh O25 5 33 4987 0 OBS} 0010 0) (0)z} By eal 7s) CST) 5 33 4987 0 OBS} 0019 20). Of hs) - Sal Qe) Gir B) — alS) 4987 4 STD 0020 20) OF \82)° Sal ey Cx7f || 0) (0) yal By 20) 4987 5 OBS| 0029 20m 02 bs 90 25 46 5 27 4988 0 STD 0030 ZOOM 0/2 5 90 25 46 0 076 5 26 4988 0 OBS] 0048 Zo). Oo) jessy S2 25 48 5 20 4989 0 STD 0050 Ie G2 \8by, Sal 25) V49N0F 12/6 Sie 22. 4988 3 OBS| 0072 We} IS) 5 8! 25 77 5 44 4976 5 STD 0075 18 17 9 25 85 10 185 By L7/ 4973 0 ORS| 0097 15). 9s} by 7 Zor 730) By (oy) 4951 6 SID) 0100 15). BO 1a Ge 26 32 0 234 by 2k 4950 5 OBS! 0145 14 32 By al 26 53 5 42 4937 1 STD 0150 14 26 Bs 51 26 54 10 316 By = is72 4936 8 OBS} 0193 13 58 B5 44 26 63 a 3) 4931 7 STD 0200 13 4a By sil 26 64 0 391 5 44 4930 2 ORS| 0242 12 45 By 25) 2S,» tal 5 52 4921 4 Sie) 0250 WA B21) 22 26 72 10 463 5 57 4920 3 OBS} 0290 Wak BQ" ls @)r/ As iS By 8) 4913 0 STD 0300 Waly abe) |e)S) — Xo)ah Pe WH |e) Boz 5 66 4909 6 OBS| 0335 Owe Ze sae 184 26 80 By BiG) 4900 2 STD 0400 OS) 56n 84 75 26 85 (0 664 5 58 4895 2 OBS| 0400 09 56 B4 75 Psy 33) Se 5i8 4895 2 OBS} 0465 09 O02 B4 66 26 87 By Oe 4892 1 STD 0500 08 87 B4 64 26 88 j0 793 5 51 4892 3 OBS| 0535 08 58 B4 62 AS» Sal By Bo 4890 7 STD 0600 OW Ser Be 54 tf (0)72 110); Sates 4 99 4879 2 OBS} 0670 OCR Za 4 67 STD 0800 04 38 B4 38 2 2s |ph sal 7/ fs oe 4850 7 OBS} 0805 OC BQ: xs ois} Oth | 23 4 31 4850 2 STD 1000 03° 97 B4 . 37 Ay Syat\ In 2ehal Sae9) 4856 9 OBS) 1010 O55) T4#34- 37 By akalss 4881 5” STD 1200 03 61/134 45 27 41 |1 454 B/D 4864 1 OBS) 1350 03 33 34 52 2h 49: Ey (8) 4869 4 STD 1500 03 02 B4 62 Th (a(0), phe kexexo) 3 64 4874 3 ORS) 1680 OZ TONS 69. 2 8) BE 92 4880 8 STD 2000 Op PENI 1 || Or veh Gas les Bil | CDS 2 OBS) 2015 OW 3 BES ExGe 5 7X0) Pt. 3 3 82 4894 1 Sta. No. [Cast] Wire ] Nansen [THERMOMETERS ; Bottles Lee re a ee ae a eo) malin ns eee Tod Mien a Par Sara) 56 Consec. Sta. No. 3 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS DATE Tl POSITION SONIC MAX. DEPTH SAMPLE DAY | YEAR | HOUR | LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED} DEPTH Gallic ere taal ai anook slltooah mlaoMeNnl Mraantaml nae AIR TEMPERATURE | CLOUD SEA SWELL WATER ITY WEATHER = VIS. DRY W WET VW TYPE/AMT.| DIR. AMT. DIR. AMT. COL.| TRANS. 18 1 | 15 6 | | SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS ae aa T a s%0O ot SAD O2mi/l L Ve v v v MZ v STD 0000 NO} TON BSe TT, 25 42 10 000 5 28 4983 6 oRS| 0000 19 79 BS 77 25, 42 5 28 4983 6 STD 0010 1S 71S 7s) 25 44 10 026 5 26 4984 2 OBS| 0010 TOS 7788135 nu7.9 25 44 5 26 4984 2 STD 0020 19h (S.0n BIS» | wz 25 ADE |). Sal 5 24 | 4984 9 ORS| 0020 WG) LYON ey 770 DE) th 5 24 | 4984 9 OBS] 0029 WS) Wells VE 25 42 5 24 4985 2 STD 0030 VO) We 18 = Ay 25 43 10 O77 By 2G) 4985 3 ORS) 0049 Le) BE lS) sha. 25) 52 5 35 4984 5 STD 0050 19 26 B5 79 215s SSS Ome ur, 5 39 4981 8 ORS| 0074 14 40 B5 41 26 44 By» Gir 4933 4 STD 0075 14 35 B5 41 26 45 0 178 5 686 4932 9 OBS! 0098 13. 43 BS 37 26 61 5 66 4924 2 STD 0100 13 38 B5 36 26 6110 216 5 65 4923 7 OBS} 0147 ize SemiBse 25 26 69 5 49 4917 0 STD 0150 12) 155) 185, 25 26 69 10 288 5 54 | 4917 1 ORS| 0197 2 Bey IG. 22 DO 72 5 70 4916 7 STD 0200 12 AG |S) - 22 26 73 (0 357 5 55 4916 7 ORS) 0246 ae) Ps. a7 26 76 4 45 4914 9 STD 0250 La BAG QS US|) A2G 2 ls SE 4914 7 OBS) 0295 i aah B5 08 26 78 5 61 4912 4 STD 0300 sin: -CAAL ey5). Oy 26 77 10 493 5 60 | 4912 3 OBS| 0373 10 98 B4 99 26 79 5 56 4911 4 STD 0400 10 79 B4 96 26 80 |0 628 5 59 | 4910 6 ORS| 0467 10 35 B4& 89 26 82 5 60 4909 2 STD 0500 10 17 B4 86 26 83 |0 762 5 56 4908 9 OBS| 0561 09 #79 B84 81 26 86 5 49 4907 7 STD 0600 COP Sasa avi, 26 87 |0 894 5 47 4906 5 ORS| 0654 09 06 B4 71 26 90 5 38 4904 0 OBS| 0748 / 08 09 B4 60 26 97 5 03 4897 2 STD 0800 07 26 B4& 53 ah Oe} (pl. aba 4 93 4889 5 ORS| 0936 05 47 - 43 Dit, 9 4 63 4873 7 STD 1000 04 82 B4 46 27 29 |1 347 4 43 4868 9 oOpS| 1124 03 93 B84 50 Di Ae 4 09 4864 3 STD 1200 03 9034 52 ay hes ih Bie) 3 90 | 4868 4 OBS| 1408 03 80 34 57 27 49 3a 518 4879 6 STD 1500 03 5084 60 Dap Gah. TA, Ne G2 4881 0 ORS| 1882 02 56 84 69 2 0 Ey circa lh CHIEN). 7/ STD 2000 02 43 (34 72 DT SIZ ONG 4 03 4896 0 OBS| 2361 02 08 34 78 Th 4 38 4912 6 STD 2500 01 9634 77 De B12 2318 4 46 4919 0 OBS| 2847 01 69 134 76 27 83 4 54 | 4935 5 Sta. No. 57 WIND Consec. Sta. No. ia DATE POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. MO. HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH ANEMO. SPEED] DIR. Het: h SURFACE OBSERVATIONS os |31 59’s|085 35’'E 3795 PRE 27 AIR AIR TEMPERATURE MID- J SS ; DRY ¥ | WETY : : AMT. DIR. SAMPLE DEPTH (M) 0000 2 15 Str , Ozmif v ¥ v 20) 3195|3 5 169 24 95/0 000 4 48 4997 0 21 31/35 69 24 95 4 48 4997 0 21 07/35 68 25 0110 030 5 04 4995 5 21 07/35 68 25). 01 5 04 4995 5 an OT |e Ta) | 25 “GE ©ser lee Oe 4996 1 at (Ont sii 7a) |) 2G Ge [5 08 4996 1 20, OAS 5 tS as 2 OD OMOEA 5 03 4996 8 22 074/356 23 25 105 5 03 4996 8 1S 28135 8 53 25 63/0 142 |6 O05 4971 5 ey 27 Nei Beh | Be GE 6 05 4971 5 15 34/35 47 | 26 28|0 194 6 a6 4943 5 15 34/35 47 26NEZ8h| 6 16 4943 5 14 23|35 44 26 50/0 236 5) 161 4933 2 14 23|35 44 26.) 50)| 5 61 4933 2 jeje. i ei Bie 26 64/0 311 |5 33 4923 7 T3253 55 33, 26 64) 5ms3 4923 7 12 49/35 26 26 71/0 382 5 40 4919 4 12 49/35 55*| 26 94% 5 40 4920 5*| D2 e335 wag 26 73/0 452 5 - 39 4918 0 12 13/35 19 26) Sir 5 39 4918 0 ah aie vale 26 74/0 521 Bsa) Ne 93cre Tal) Gal ey lz 26 74 5 34 | 4917 1 11 66/35 08 26 73 5 43 4917 0 TIS 2413 5 03 26- 76/0 660 5 40 4917 1 194237135. 102 216) 0 ital [5 40 4916 8 10 60/34 93 26 81} 5 45 4914 1 10 58/34 93 26 82/0 798 5 45 4914 0 09 92/34 84 26 86 5 32 4910 7 09 80/34 82 26 87/0 931 5 30 4910 2 09 22/34 74 26 90 7 4907 0 | OF 62/34 58 27 02/1 181 fs TfG3 4894 2 O07 04/34 53 27 06 & 66 4889 4 04 94/34 41 27 24/1 395 4 59 4870 3 | 04 69/34 40 Ze a26 4 55 4868 4 | 03 86|34 48 ay at iy SS 3. 89 4867 7 03 50/34 52 | 27 48 3 65 4868 4 OFS LOWUSE 1608 S27 e858) aang 36 168 4875 4 02 67/34 68 il (ae ey Yall 4885 1 02 37/34 75 27 76/2 048 32 89 4895 3 02 13/34 79 Port thal 4 05 4905 7 01 90/34 79 27 83/2 257 E23 4918 2 01 76/34 75 Dit 1S 4 37 4929 0 Protected cot: | asad [toot | Watac ti rade ea 7 Bea 1 5 SA | |e 58 | Consec. Sta. No. 5 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS ner |r = a eT set aaalleneee . MO. DAY YEAR HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH | 00599 0005 | 04 | 05 | 1961 Hs 32° 00's| 078 00'& | 3109 | 29 ANEMO. AIR HGT. PRESS DRY W WET W COL.| TRANS. [one he seol) Foren tet ta SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE THO: s%O ot = AD Ozmi/I Ve DEPTH (M) v v v y y y stp. | 0000 | 22 35/35 82 | 24 76|0 000 |5 06 | 5006 5 opgy 0000 | 22 35/35 82 | 24 76 5 06 | 5006 5 STON || COO | | 22) 4171859 83 Pose" 75 |o032™ 5) 15) |e500m 7, ops-0010 | 22 41/35 83 | 24 75 5 15 | 5007 7 stp | 0020 | 22 29|35 79 | 24 76|0 064 |5 og | 5007 1 ops 0020 | 22 29/35 79 | 24 76 5 08 | 5007 1 stp | 0030 |22 07|35 82 | 24 84/0 096 |5 08 | 5005 9 ons 0030 | 22 07/35 82 | 24 84 5 08 | 5005 9 stp | 0050 |17 34/35 67 | 25 96|0 148 |5 04 | 4963 0 ons 0050 | 17 34/35 67 | 25 96 5 04 | 4963 0 ops 0074 | 15 57/35 52 | 26 26 5 63 | 4946 0 stp. | 0075 | 15 50/35 51 | 26 27/0196 |5 62 | 4945 3 opg 0099 | 14 22/35 39 | 26 46 5 51 | 4932 8 stp | 0100 | 14 20/35 39 | 26 46/0 238 |5 51 | 4932 7 opg 0149 | 13 41/35 36 | 26 61 5 56 | 4926 9 stp | 0150 | 13 40|35 36 | 26 61/0 315 |5 56 | 4926 9 oss 0199 | 12 82|35 25 | 26 64 5 45 | 4923 0 sto | 0200 | 12 81|35 25 | 26 64/0 389 |5 45 | 4922 9 OBg 0248 120 Ge 35. lie |e2em oS 5 38 | 4921 3 stp | 0250 | 12 42/35 17 | 26 66|0 462 |5 38 | 4921 2 ops 0298 | 12 11/35 14 | 26 70 5 41 | 4920 5 stp | 0300 | 12 10|35 14 | 26 70/0 534 |5 41 | 4920 5 opg 0385 | 11 81|35 og | 26 71 5 47 | 4922 0 stp | 0400 | 11 75 (35 o7 | 26 71/0 677 |5 47 | 4922 2 opg 0482 | 11 29/35 01 | 26 75 5 47 | 4921 5 stp | 0500 | 11 16/34 99 | 26 76|0 820 |5 44 | 4921 0 ops 0579 | 10 50|34 88 | 26 79 5 42 | 4917 5 STD 0600 | 10 31/34 86 | 26 81/0 960 |5 53 | 4916 4 ops 0677 | 09 52/34 76 | 26 87 A Ge || Gest 2 oB4 0774 | 08 28|34 58 | 26 92 5 02 | 4901 0 stp. | 0800 | 08 00|34 55 | 26 94/1 224 |4 98 | 4898 9 opg 0970 | 06 12/34 40 | 27 08 4 73 | 4884 2 stp | 1000 | 05 70/34 38 | 27 12|1 458 |4 69 | 4880 4 ong 1166 | 03 89|34 34 | 27 29 4 49 | 4865 5 stp | 1200 | 03 75|34 36 | 27 32/1 651 |4 43 | 4865 7 opg 1461 | 02 92|34 51 | 27 52 4 09 | 4870 1 stp | 1500 | o2 87|34 53 | 27 54/1 876 |4 10 | 4871 8 opg 1952 | 02 35/34 69 | 27 72 4 17 | 4891 9 stp. | 2000 | 02 28|34 71 | 27 742 156 |4 21 | 4893 8 opg 2445 | 01 83/34 79 | 27 84 4 46 | 4914 0 stp. | 2800 | 01 79/34 79 | 27 84|2 365 |4 48 | 4916 6 ops 2940 | 01 66|34 76 | 27 83 4 48 | 4940 6 Sta. No. ire [Nansen [THERMOMETERS 5 Bottles || Protected | __Unprotected_ ca 59 Consec. Sta. No. 6 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. | wo. | vay [ year | Hour | LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED| DEPTH 00599 0006 | 04 | 06 | 1961| 02 ANEMO. AIR HGT. | PRESS ; Ri ; ; ; AMT. TRANS. 28 [7 [eg 30) SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE vi Se s%oO ot ZAD Ozmi/ Ve DEPTH (M) Vv vy vy y y y STD 0000 23 64/36 04 24 55/10 000 5 47 5018 1 OBS 0000 23 64/36 O04 24 55 Dip 477, yoyabte} a STD 0010 2305 1635/3678 108 24 5910 034 4 88 5018 8 OBS 0010 238 Os n|si6nn108 24 59 4 88 5018 8 STD 0020 23) 64 Si6rs 3 24 6210 067 4 86 5019 6 OBS 0020 235 O45 |36r = 13 24 62 4 86 5019 6 STD 0030 23) (623685106 24 58 Oe Lor 4 90 5019 8 OBS 0030 230 202436506 24 58 4 90 5019 8 OBg 0049 Ss 0) WBS 7/3) Boy byl BB fy 4984 0 STD 0050 19 42/35 79 25) Sy Oet59 SV 4983 3 OBS 0074 Wy) BSigsy Ge} Bey Sil 6 04 4966 9 STD 0075 Wy WB eS) Oe} 23) OS | Zal7/ 6 03 4966 3 OBS 0099 ike {oye} ety 9G) 7/ 26 20 ee 4952 4 STD 0100 WS) SEY }S) Sxe) 26 20/0 266 By il 4951 9 OBS 0149 a) VON! 625 26 36 5 40 4934 9 STD 0150 14 16/35 25 26 36/0 356 5 40 4934 7 OBS 0198 zh 2s) leisy) 2s) 26; “54 5 41 4927 4 STD 0200 Ney Ae Is) as) 26 54/0 437 5) 20 4927 4 OBS 0248 2) R453 .5 5a A )7/ 3) SE) 4925 8 STD 0250 1 2 ei} MAX) 26% Sil |OwoS 4 04 4925 6 OBS 0298 2 s'5 5 41 STD 0300 The SMA ESGY = als) 26) 697) (0 59.0) 5 G3)! 4923 3 OBS 0391 Ay TY eiG) ake Ae Tal 5 a2 4924 3 STD 0400 sk, Loe kal AD TAO). = 732) 5 42 4924 1 OBS 0489 NAL 3124/3195 104 2) 1 5a 35 4922 4 STD 0500 ME 2433503 26 wate | OM Silat 55 3:0 4922 1 OBS 0587 10 59/34 95 20m 8'5) 5y 0 4919 3 STD 0600 10) 50)\3 48) 93 Aly shila ONS) aly 4919 0 OBS 0685 09 81/34 82 26 86 By St 4915 4 OBS 0782 08 78 |34 69 Zoi 93 Gy ab 4908 1 STD 0800 08 56/34 67 Ae SE al 2777 Cy (0) 7/ 4906 4 oBs 0978 05 88 |34 47 ae ae 4 63 4881 8 Sta. No. [N THERMOMETERS 6 Protected | Used [Accepted | Used | Accepted | 60 \Geneee. Sta. No. 7 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC REF. STATION NO. DATE POSITION SONIC MO. DEPTH MAX. SAMPLE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH 00599 0007 | 04 | DAY YEAR | HOUR | 06 1961 | 13 | LATITUDE LONGITUDE Fe is S| Ove Oks 4755 09 AIR TEMPERATURE * CLOUD SEA SWELL WATER se Et pee us ‘ DRY W WET ¥ TYPE/AMT.| DIR. AMT DIR AMT COL.| TRANS. 11 oo | 25 | 23 9| 21 0| | orf e]3|o4] 4 | 7 . SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE u oe $%O or = AD Oem I/I Vp DEPTH (M) y / v v STD 0000 24 88 1|35 82 | 24 02 |0 000 5027 4 OBS 0000 24 88 |35 82 | 24 02 5027 4 OBS 0008 24 94/35 82 | 24 00 5028 3 STD 0010 24 93/35 82 | 24 00,0 039 5028 4 OB 0017 24 92/35 81 | 24 00 5028 7 STD | 0020 24 92/35 81 | 24 000 078 5028 9 ORS 0026 24 92/35 80 | 23 99 5029 2 STD 0030 23, 96350 79) Poe “27 |O; 16 5021 7 OBg 0043 21 45 135) a6) 2a.) Oi 5001 1 STD 0050 2) TSS, 7S 25 Wee aca 4994 9 OBS 0064 19 42/35 73 | 25 49 4983 9 STD 0075 18 64|35 73 | 25 69]|0 246 4977 2 OB 0086 iy GikSs ve | 2o0 ‘a7 4971 0 STD 0100 17 09/35 69 | 26 04/0 300 4963 5 OBg 0129 15 73/35 60 | 26 29 4951 2 STD 0150 15 18/35 54 | 26 37/0 393 4946 6 OBS 0173 14 58/35 48 | 26 45 4941 4 STD 0200 13 85/35 40 | 26 55/0 475 4934 9 OBg 0217 13 46/35 35 | 26 59 4931 5 STD 0250 ie) NAG) DP 126) GOO: S52 4929 4 OBS 0262 13 56435 25 | 26 49% 4934 87 STD 0300 12 64/35 23 | 26 66/0 627 4926 9 OBS 0332 12 35/35 20 | 26 70 4925 & STD 0400 MII 12 |. 26 70 7xe 4922 6 OBS 0416 Mirmebaee 10) | 26. * 773 4922 1 STD 0500 Ti VONSS) Ol) 26) | aen|ono 10 4920 4 ORS 0503 11 08/35 O1 | 26 79 4920 3 OB§ 0591 10 30/34 90 | 26 84 4915 9 STD 0600 10 22|34 89 | 26 85]|1 047 4915 5 OBS 0682 09 43/34 78 | 26 90 4910 4 STD 0800 On Oia 66s 1-27 OR SOx 4898 9 OBS 0873 06 89/34 53 | 27 08 4889 0 Sta. No. | THERMOMETERS | Cast Wire | Nansen | No -| Angle | Bottles [ Used [Accepted | Pz le | a fo | 61 Protected ees eS) i ee (ae a ee -—— Consec. Sta. No. 8 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION SONIC REF. STATION DEPTH NO. MO. | DAY | YEAR | HOUR | LATITUDE LONGITUDE 00599 0008 | 04 | 06 | 1961 WIND UNCORRECTED) DEPTH MAX. SAMPLE COL.| TRANS ANEMO.| AIR SPEED| DIR. BE) GSS iar 09 | 08 23 24 2 Ef SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE $% 0 ot ZAD DEPTH (M) y v y STD 0000 25, 2035" (64 23 75 |0 000 4 81 ee 1 OBg 0000 25)" BO ie ot 23 3) 4 81 5030 1 OBg 0009 25; 92:93) N64 26) A 4 72 5030 5 STD 0010 25) 4290 35h 168 23 79 )0 041 Gy Wak 5030 7 OBg 0019 25), AS) ier (3) Dein “Ele 4 68 MOe}ik &) STD 0020 25) 129835 8D) 23 92 )0 082 4 69 DOT 9) OBS 0028 25) 25:39) ans 23) Bil 4 76 0} ae) STD 0030 ry US) Bey Wt 2 |e) wae 4 77 5iO3n 55 ORS 0047 24 69/35 71 23) 9S) 4 92 5028 3 STD 0050 24 24/35 69 Aa) el |OR 200 5 102 5024 8 OBs 0070 2 88/41/35 64 QE Tt 5 44 5005 6 STD 0075 215, VS0n BS SR6S 24 87/0 288 5s “42 5003 0 OBS 0093 20 41/35 68 25) iS) 3 BO 4994 5 STD 0100 20) als} 19.) 7 25 28)|0 361 a Be 4992 4 OBS 0140 WE C645 3:5) eral a U2 Bake 4981 2 STD 0150 WEE SGM Soran 25 79/0 486 5e08 4979 2 OBS 0188 UW? akal ee! eS) AS {0)'3} 4 99 4969 2 STD 0200 16) 955)|3'557 (68 A Ue |. Boal 57 010 4964 1 OBS 0235 Ta) aks lieley | BZ 26 36 503 4951 1 STD 0250 14 66/35 47 26 43 )0 681 5} (0}f5} 4946 8 OBS 0282 il) hil Bey", Shy Aly 23} By alts} 4939 2 STD 0300 ey (as) ae Ses 26 57/0 763 , 23S 4937 1 OBS 0340 U2 Cal leisy. ZY 26 64 Dip 32. 4932 4 STD 0400 1G 38)55|3'50 9 ler, 25) A OM SAO yy 38) 4923 7 OBS: 0423 ay Bye) ey) ale Ae, 119) By sKo) 4922 0 STD 0500 Waly 3S) [Si) 0S) 26 76]1 050 De 38 4923 9 OBS 0509 Le 9343/35) 04 26) Sii6 oes 4923 8 OBS 0595 10) BGAN 345/495 Aisi. 3s) 5 46 4920 0 STD 0600 LO) V5ra34)) 195 ZO 8B 8S 5 46 4919 9 OBS 0681 OS) 934 si 26) 7910 5 44 4915 0 STD 0800 08 48/34 67 AS NS ph 0) a we 4905 4 OBS 0851 O07 81/34 60 2 On as OY) 4899 7 STD 1000 05 39/34 45 uy 22 \i 33} 4 04 4876 6 OBS 1022 05 #%12/34 44 27 24 3°94 4874 2 STD 1200 04 02/34 52 27 42/1 848 Spe Sa 4870 1 OBS 1282 O35 6.64/34e) 2515 27 48 3 45 4870 1 STD 1500 03 58/34 63 2-2 2" Oo 3 44 4882 2 OBS 1718 035 321347) 70 27 64 B42 4891 8 STD 2000 02 54/34 77 27 76 )2 343 By Be) 4897 8 ops 2168 02 21/34 80 2h 82 3.) 4903 1 STD 2500 O1 83/34 80 2 8527550 4 28 4917 3 OBS 2631 jal 7/S) eek GX) 2) 33) 4 37 4924 4 THERMOMETERS 62 OO 22 Consec. Sta. No. 9 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE POSITION SONIC REF. STATION DEPTH MO. | DAY YEAR | HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED 0009 | 04 | 07 1961 | 11 24° 00'S] 078° 05/E | 4023 | 09 MAX. SAMPLE DEPTH 00599 WIND ANEMO. AIR Ir AIR TEMPERATURE CLOUD SEA | SWELL WATER = er HGi) | FRESS: lnee inv) ) WEATHE VIS u Vv WET Vv TYPE|AMT.| DIR. AMT. | DIR. jamr. COL.}| TRANS. [ 10 09 18 | 24 8 | Zhe | 03 | 8 | 6 | 09 4] | | Tall 2 25 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS Reonele ap Oe} sho ot ZAD O2mt/I VE v v v v v v STD 0000 25 05 4 43 OBS 0000 25 05/36 OO*| 24 10% 4 43 | 5029 4° 088 0009 25; 031135) 82 ls23) 97 4 80 | 5029 | STD 0010 25 03/35 82 | 23 97 4 80 | 5029 2 OBg 0018 25 03/35 82 | 23 97 4 80 | 5029 7 STD 0020 25 03/35 83 | 23 98 4 80 | 5029 8 OBS 0027 2S On |S A || Ba wn Lusi eS Os0n2 STD 0030 24 72/35 86 | 24) 10 4 82 | 5028 1 OBS 0045 35 84 4 85 STD 0050 22 90/35 80 | 24 59 5 02 | 5014 1 OBY 0068 Di 2 3G) 7/2) || BA GIS 5 43 | 5002 2 STD 0075 20 83/35 75 | 25 13 5 43 | 4997 4 OBS 0092 19 68/35 78 | 25 46 5 44 | 4988 1 STD 0100 19 56/35 79 | 25 50 5 44 | 4987 5 OBS 0140 18 55/35 81 | 25 77 5 40 | 4980 5 STD 0150 18 10/35 80 | 25 88 5 37 | 4976 8 OBS 0188 16s 47/135) 74 2G; 72 5 27 | 4962 8 STD 0200 15 90/35 67 | 26 30 5 24 | 4957 4 OBS 0238 14 46/35 74*| 26 68# 5 21 | 4945 0% STD 0250 14 16|35 45 | 26 52 5 24 | 4941 4 OBS 0287 13 37/35 33 | 26 59 5 29 | 4934 6 STD 0300 lg Sea et DG | Ge 5 29 | 4933 1 OBS 0340 12 60/35 24 | 26 68 5 31 | 4928 8 STD 0400 1185/35 14 | 26 75 5 40 | 4923 6 OBS 0426 Te PSSESS alo) lezen vicar 5 42 | 4921 5 STD 0500 10) 75:\352 001 226). .84 5 45 | 4916 2 OBS 0513 10 61/34 98 | 26 85 5 45 | 4915 3 STD 0600 09 73/34 82 | 26 88 5 46 | 4909 4 OBS 0603 09 70/34 81 | 26 87 5 46 | 4909 1 OBS 0694 08 86|34 75 | 26 96 5 36 | 4904 1 STD 0800 On Oy ts GQ oy OF 5 09 | 4892 5 OBS 0884 06 06/34 48 | 27 16 POUSAR \Osarey a Sta. No. i Nansen 9 Bottles Used [Used | ee eee 63 Consec. Sta. No. 10 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS DATE POSITION 00599 0010 STATION OUR 21 ANEMO. AIR HGT. PRESS | 18 (ae SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS DEPTH (M) Vv vy vy v y y STD 0000 26 1:33) 3:5) 109 23 08 |0 000 5034 6 OBg 0000 a6; 1'3)1/3'5) 09 23) 10)8 5034 6 STD 0010 26) 45/35) 108 23 07/0 048 5035 3 OBS 0010 26 14/35 08 22) (0)i/ 5035 3 OBS 0019 AS} SLB} NEMS). (0) 230 50/8 5035 8 STD 0020 26) 153))/3:50 1109. 23 08/0 096 5035 8 OBS 0029 2G ley es) al) 23) 08 5036 5 STD 0030 26y 513} elkO 23 08 |0 144 5036 6 OBS 0048 AC ails ~als) Ae} NS} 5037 6 STD 0050 267 On| 315) 25 ach 7231 |(0) Behe) 5037 9 OBS 0072 pay ES Nes Sy Sa), 23) 918 5034 9 STD 0075 24 89/35 86 24 04 |0 347 5032 1 OBg 0096 RBA ~ Wiss. Sil 24 48 5015 0 STD 0100 Dee Corp less) ys} 24 58/0 438 5012 8 OBS 0143 20 04/35 75 200 aie 4994 4 STD 0150 US) ish BE) 77S) 25 3910 589 4993 3 OBg 0192 Wey Tal iessy 7/8) 2S 2 4985 0 STD 0200 SF 145201359 Za USA). 1/3ke) 4982 8 OBS 0240 16 94/35 74 Ao. alal 4970 5 STD 0250 Her 7457) 113'5) 70) 26) “USO RS NG, 4966 3 “OBS 0289 US e On| 359058 26 43 4953 2 STD 0300 We 7/S) eiSy Bis) 26 471/0 907 4951 4 OBS 0340 Wey 7 ey AS Zo 257, 4944 7 STD 0400 We S|) Si) 2 2 sk. OZ 4933 0 OBS 0420 Wa Ay iby 25) 26) aie 4929 9 STD 0500 Wak Aes SiS} » (0S) 26) “S2ae2io72 4922 2 OBS 0500 Wb Astor toys) Z6y 82 4922 2 OBS 0590 10 25/34 95 AS 36) 4915 5 OBS 0680 19 96%35 69%} 25 32% 5025 24 OBg 0850 15 00435 80*| 26 61% 4987 0” Sta. No. Nansen THERMOMETERS 10 Bottles | Protected weodl| Peon Ti See Epa ee) aes ee es | | i] 64 | | Consec. Sta. No. 11 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. MO. | DAY | YEAR HOUR | LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH 00594 0011| 04 | o8| 1961| 08 | 20. 00’s| 078 2 & | 4755 | 29 AIR TEMPERATURE SEA AIR HUMID. bites CLOUD | SWELL Gis. WATER | DRY Vv WETY TYPE/AMT.| DIR. | AMT. | DIR, jAMT. COL. my 26 9] 22 2 | O2 a eu 09 | 3 | | 7 25 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS poate Tec $%O ot = AD Ozmi/l VE Vv v v v v v STD 0000 27 36 20 | 21 96/0 000 |4 45 | 5042 3 OBg 0000 27 56/34 20 | 21 96 4 45 | 5042 3 STD j 0010 27 54/34 20 | 21 96/0 059 |4 48 | 5042 8 OB 0010 27 54/34 20 | 21 96 4 48 | 5042 8 STD 0020 27 S3e34 12 on 98/o die Janae Ns oass OBg 0020 Oy Binh, 20 | pi SG) 4 44 | 5043 3 STD 0030 27 55|34 20 | 21 96/0 176 |4 51 -| 5044 1 OBg 0030 27 55/34 20 | 21 96 4 51 | 5044 1 STD 0050 an 52/34 20) |N2l Omlon 2946 140 48) 55045. 0 OBS 0050 Ay BQIs AC) || Bi C7 4 48 | 5045 0 STD 0075 23) 72) 34s lin 23) Wes lOnea ar Gn Telia an SOl6r6 OBg 0075 De W2\|Ga ay las)" 1p 4 68 | 5016 6 OBS 0099 22 81/35 30 | 24 24 5 09 | 5014 5 STD 0100 22) da |35) 9S |eoes 25 )(0Nss3e Ibs Osan lesola.c OBS 0149 20 92/35 54 | 24 95 4 69 | 5001 9 STD 0150 20 88/35 54 | 24 96/0 703 |4 68 | 5001 6 OBS 0199 19 30/35 65 | 25 46 4 37 | 4990 5 STD 0200 19 29|35 65 | 25 46/0 844 |4 38 | 4990 5 OBg 0249 Te, 14/135) 7 los) a 4 60 | 4982 9 STD 0250 18 09/35 77 | 25 86/0 965 |4 60 | 4982 5 OBS 0299 16) 081/35) “70! |26) 268 4 75 | 4965 2 STD 0300 16 05/35 70 | 26 29/1 067 |4 75 | 4965 0 OBS 0380 13 65/35 43 | 26 61 5 03 | 4943 5 STD 0400 13 =13535 37 | 26 67/1 233 |5 13 |) 4938 8 OBS 0477 Te 240135 9 a5) |e ala 5 37 | 4923 0 STD 0500 Tae O21 (352008) Na6o SS) te sinse) 150) 3a) aeaot9, 6 OBg 0572 09 89/34 88 | 26 90 5 34 | 4909 9 STD 0600 OS!) 57 13140 83) 26r Sal ASOsie Sasi leans OBS 0667 Oe Ors wt Al Be SG 5 25 | 4900 0 OBS 0763 G2) OAs Sr i 27 Oo 4 54 | 4884 9 STD 0800 06 51/34 57 | 27 17/1 733 |4 81 | 4880 0 OBS 0955 04 83/35 28%] 27 94% 4 92 | 4869 97 STD 1000 Oe OIA “SC, Or A OW 1 NWA eae ACY 2 OB§ 1150 OA MIs eA) Be LS) 2 76 | 4868 8 STD 1200 04 00/34 64 | 27 52|/2 060 |2 76 | 4870 3 OBS 1435 O4) 52434. etly apo esos Dr 7e seed 7% STD 1500 Ge “SHE Wea) ee Bala Baye la Ba | Fave 6 OBS 1920 C2. 654134 75 i) 20 we 3 27 | 4894 5 STD 2000 Oe | Berieya 7/5, i Pr 7S) 2 Soy EN ae) Ase GB OBS 2404 O2 Op ise ‘Te || (27 BO a) ell aoe. 2 STD 2500 Ol Giger “WSs || By Sil 2! ee. S| BE) ||) ASE OBS 2892 On Cie We i er Bs 4 08 | 4938 1 Sta. No. i 1 THERMOMETERS uw Protected Ee eg ara aia Se | T ° 65 | Consec. Sta. No. 12 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS | NODC REF. STATION -—— DATE | POSITION SONIC MAX. DEPTH SAMPLE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH HOUR | LATITUDE NO. MO. DAY | YEAR 00599 0012 | 04 08 | 1961 to) ale) loots! Momennlto7 Mell MNasT>mnl Room WIND ANENOM MAIR AIR TEMPERATURE nUMID” ‘| CLOUD | SEA SWELL WATER SPEED] DIR. eyes il pe DIR. [ awe DIR. amt,| Ye COL.] TRANS. 10 | 06 | 14 | 02 | 8.) 2.1) OF 3 7| 0 [ SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE TC s%O ot = AD OzmI/l Vp DEPTH (M) v y y y y y STD 0000 2 25) By oal oBg 0000 Pi BADE et) 22 ess 2), (oal 5041 9% on 0009 Dit \ ls) use) (0) 22 {0)3) 455 5040 6 STD 0010 26 26) 13145 120 22 105) 4 54 5040 7 OBS 0019 2th 2 NBA V9 22 04 4 53 5041 3 STD 0020 2 2y oe 19 22 04 4 54 5041 3 OBS 0028 2 2oqs4s 20 22, 10'5 4 58 5041 9 STD 0030 2, V28\34 ~-20 Ze) 105 4 56 5042 0 OB 0047 ile ec eS 42:3, 22 08 4 47 5043 0 STD 0050 AY Ae BGs 22) 22) O8 4053 5043 1 OBg 0070 All 25) BGs 22 22 7 (he ENT 5044 3 STD 0075 25 99 |34 44 22 64 4 40 5035 8 OBS 0093 22 29 135 06 24 20 3 87 5008 8 STD 0100 Dak sys) |[s}6) 10 24 41 3 es) 5003 8 OBS 0140 Le VA BS = 2S 25 30 3 25 4980 4 STD 0150 Ie} y PBS BL) 28 2 be ei 4977 3 OBS 0188 UE O2 WBS- S2 25m aia 1 SY 4966 7 STD 0200 NES sO ise” Be 25 87 3} Be) 4963 3 OBS 0235 LE O29 Bz 26 10 3 60 4955 3 STD 0250 15 48 |35 43 26 21 zy OS 4955 2 OBS 0285 A TAS iy AS) 26 42 4 45 4950 0 STD 0300 14 18/35 40 26 48 4 44 4944 3 OBS 0322 1S a 2R3 5 28 26 54 4 42 4937 0 STD 0400 11 69 |35 anal AS 5 14 4921 6 OBS 0416 realy Ze} Neh) 0)7/ 28 fe By 2s) 4918 9 Sip) 0500 09 95/34 86 AS AST 5 34 4906 2 OBS 0502 09 92 |34 85 26: 37 5 34 4906 0 aed 0590 08 65/34 69 A $3) 5. - @) 4895 1 STD 0600 08 43/34 67 ZOn OH, 4 92 4892 9 OBS 0677 Ome (O02 (34> Sif, PAT 10 s} 1) )G} 4879 3 STD 0800 05) Wen 3429 59 ZY 23 a Ss} 4870 2 OBS 0852 05 59|34 66 QU “SO 2 19 4871 3 Sta. No. | THERMOMETERS 122 66 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS Consec. Sta. No. 13 POSITION ke LONGITUDE SONIC DATE | DEPTH REF. STATION DAY | YEAR HOUR | LATITUDE UNCORRECTED MAX. SAMPLE DEPTH 00599 0013 | 04 09 | 1961} 06 16 03.5 078 Qe) [5 | 4938 | 10 WIND apetosl pm || SR TET, || pea cLoup | _SEA | SWELL | | |__ WATER sPeeD| vir. | “ST | PRESS | opyw | wery | TY AMT. | DIR. jam. cou.| TRANS. |10| 08 14 | 27 3| 23 7| 3 | Mis 25 fF; SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE TCC s%0 ot ZAD Om i/l Mi DEPTH (M) v v v v v STD 0000 QU Bria 29 22 05)|0 000 5042 0 OBS 0000 27 47 |34 29 22 WS 5042 0 STD 0010 27 46 |34 25 22 03/0 058 5042 4 OBg 0010 27 46 |34 25 22 @3 5042 4 oBg 0019 Ar Coy ees 2s) 22° Wal 5042 9 STD 0020 27 47|34 23 22 {oil |) akalis) 5043 0 OBS 0029 27 48/34 23 22 al 5043 6 STD 0030 27 48/34 23 22 01/0 174 5043 6 OBS 0048 27 G1 34 72:3 22 03 5044 2 STD 0050 2 So. 94s 2} 22 08/0 291 5044 1 OBS 0072 26 86 STD 0075 AD, Wey (Ga 177/ 22 83/0 426 5038 4 OBS 0097 AR W135) Os} 24 25 5008 2 STD 0100 A HS 99 © io) 24 32/0 535 5006 5 OBS 0145 WW Boiss BY 235 | 23 4986 8 STD 0150 Sys Sie) he), C5) 25 29/0 695 4987 4 OBS 0193 Wis OS ISS 7/0) 2) {a1 4978 8 STD 0200 Le seo Ws » Si 25 90/0 818 4971 0 OBS 0241 i P2953 Of 26 28 4936 8 STD 0250 aes DSS) | 07 25 35) \\0) Silo 4934 4 OBS 0290 12 65) I 8) 26) 5/0 4925 6 STD 0300 T2SE SON SOO 26 53/)1 000 4925 5 OBS 0392 il BS) (95 Os 2 iB 4917 6 STD 0400 Nal meee SS — O7/ 26 82)1 147 4915 1 OBS 0490 09 04/34 92 27 OY 4894 9 STD 0500 08 96 |34 89 2U O68 |i} 269 4894 4 OBS 0588 08 16|34 69 2¢ 8 4888 9 STD 0600 08 01/34 68 27 04/1 381 4887 7 OBS 0686 O07 14|324 67 2Y Ue 4881 7 OBS 0785 06 51 |34 72 2Y 29 4879 7 STD 0800 06 43 |34 73 27 30/1 584 4879 6 OBS 0982 05 86/34 78 27 42 4883 1 Sta. No. | THERMOMETERS Unprotected 13 67 Consec. Sta. No. ly SURFACE OBSERVATIONS | NODC DATE | POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. MO. DAY | YEAR HOUR : LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED} DEPTH 00599 0014 | 04 09 | 1961 | Y/ 14 00. S| 078 03 £ | 5303 | 28 WIND BNENOU MAIR AIR TEMPERATURE | f= CLOUD | SEA WATER HGT. PRESS ITY EATHE : DRYW WETY TYPE ae DIR. AMT. 5 COL.| TRANS. [33 | 27 alee 4] | 8 hol SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS lamer TAC s%o ot = AD Ozmi/l Ve DEPTH (M) y vy Vv v Vv v STD 0000 27 35/34 38 | 22 16|0 000 |4 54 | 5041 4 OBg 0000 27 35 |34 38 | 22 16 4 54 | 5041 4 STD 0010 27 36134 42 | 22 19/0 057 |4 53 | 5042 2 OBg 0010 By So BA G2 |) 22 ie 4 53 | 5042 2 STD 0020 AY SA Ba @@ | 22 AV Ws iA» S2 | Gora 7 OBS 0020 27 BA |e @@ || 22 2 4 52 | 5042 7 STD 0030 27 36/34 40 | 22 17/0170 |4 48 | 5043 3 OBS 0030 27 Baba CG) | 22 7 4 48 | 5043 3 OBS 0049 Oy 3584 22 || 22 2 4 56 | 5044 3 STD 0050 Din ZON|S as wae i|ai2n) 21280) 263i Gee OOn mS O4Gun OBS 0074 25 92/34 61 | 22 79 4 71 | 5035 8 STD 0075 25 81/34 63 | 22 83/0 417 |4 64 | 5035 0 OBg 0099 23 49/35 01 | 23 82 3 NG || SONG) 2 STD 0100 23 41/35 o1 | 23 84/0 532 |3 15 | 5018 5 OBS 0148 20 05/35 03 | 24 79 4992 1 STD 0150 19 95/35 03 | 24 82|0 714 |2 70 | 4991 3 OBg 0198 17 58/35 06 | 25 44 2 25) Oe Sere STD 0200 17 48/35 09 | 25 49/0 858 |2 33 | 4971 1 OBS 0247 15 32/35 31 | 26 16 3 67 | 4952 9 STD 0250 15 17/35 26 | 26 15/0 9717 |3 72 | 4952 3 OBS 0297 a TY 4 03 STD 0300 12 94/34 78 | 26 25/1 066 |3 95 | 4928 5 OBg 0370 10 78/34 85 | 26 72 2 89 | 4908 3 STD 0400 10 40/134 83 || 26) Tall 2218) 13) 30) 4905) 5 OBS 0462 09 63/34 80 | 26 88 3 64 | 4899 9 STD 0500 09 11/34 77 | 26 94]|1 357 |3 29 | 4895 8 OBg 0555 08 50/34 74 | 27 O1 2 84 | 4891 4 STD 0600 08 11/34 71 | 27 05/1 475 |2 51 | 4889 1 OBS 0648 07 84/34 69 | 27 O07 2 24 | 4888 5 OBS 0740 07 76|34 69 | 27 09 1 97 | 4892 9 STD 0800 Or CQIDA 70 27 Tal GOA | oO” || Adon 2 ORG 0927 06 63/34 71 | 27 26 1 96 | 4889 6 STD 1000 06 04/34 70 | 27 33/1 889 |1 97 | 4886 2 ops 1114 05 29/34 69 | 27 42 1 98 | 4883 0 STD 1200 05 01/34 70 | 27 46|2 054 |2 04 | 4884 4 oBg 1395 oF Sve TW | 27 Sa 2 25 | 4887 3 STD 1500 03 98/34 75 | 27 61/|2 264 |2 47 | 4888 3 OBS 1866 O2 GOSS G2 || 27 Vy 3 10 | 4895 2 STD 2000 02 66/34 79 | 27 77/2 535 |3 26 | 4899 6 OBg§ 2350 O2 Wise we | 27 7 3 60 | 4913 2 STD 2500 Mm. OHlss 72 | ar Wil ws Is v2 |) Goro 6 OBS 2846 Ol BS /Sa 72 | 27 Ve 3 92 | 4937 3 Sta. No. | 14 | THERMOMETERS [Used | Accepted] Used | Accepted, SS | Angle | Bottles ers a oes 68 Consec. Sta. No. 15 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS i pay | YEAR HOUR FaeeeE ere 10 [1961] 04 | 11° 58's DATE POSITION SONIC DEPTH LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED MAX. SAMPLE DEPTH 077. 448’E | 5304 06 AIR TEMPERATURE CLOUD | SEA | SWELL COL.| TRANS. HUMID- VIS. iu TYPE an, DIR. | AMT. | DIR. [amr] a|7|o8| 2| ae SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE L&C s%O ot = AD O2mi/ | Ve DEPTH (M) v y v y y STD 0000 2Y il (Ba . 2il 21 92 |0 000 4 52 5043 5 OBS 0000 Qu wal NexXS 9 Qal Ai Se a 52 5043 5 OBS 0008 PY VO (G2 il 21 92 4 50 5043 9 STD 0010 QU VO Ia Zab 2 9200 OD)9 4 49 5044 0 OBS 0017 2 695134 72 Zit 2 4 47 5044 3 STD 0020 2 OP ses Bil 2 92 Ko) Wale) 4 48 5044 5 OBS 0025 27 70/34 21 2. YA fy Gat 5044 9 STD 0030 2 Eyl iets Bz) 2 NES | OS 4 54 5042 7 OBS 0042 26 24134 54 22 fs) 4 60 5036 1 STD 0050 Diy 27 Nes (S(0) 22 9810 283 4 iS) 5029 2 oBs 0063 23 94/134 68 232 44 5) &3) 5019 5 STD 0075 239 067/340 23) Val IO. 397 4 @2 CNa)akc) (0) OBS 0084 22 Ais 7/8) 22 2 BB 5008 1 STD 0100 An Sal eyes) SI) 24 3510 495 2 Tf) 5000 1 OBS 0126 ie) GWA es) 0) 24 94 2 Xo) 4985 1 STD 0150 hy Ms} CS fS}) 25 30/0 654 2 19 4967 2 OBS 0169 Te aL se 777/ DS DE 25728 4954 3 STD 0200 RA Or |aes 79) 2a Ms 0) 77/3 PA Bhi/ 4934 9 OB 0215 13 43/134 80 26 7 2 42 4928 9 OBS 0236 2 Goji Ce 26 34 2 B2 4924 6 STD 0250 2 BES 37/ 26 40)|0 866 2 C6) 4921 5 OBS 0259 2 se} oes BS 26 44 2 50 4919 6 STD 0300 14 ORS 4 SiG 26 61/0 947 2 ie 4911 4 eee 0300 11-4034 86 | 26 61 A iA || Bonn Ze OBS 0365 10 08 |34 80 26 80 2 sY 4899 6 STD 0400 09 50/34 76 Zoe Bn ||eO8'6 3 40 4894 5 OBS 0432 09 03 (34 73 Ze) 32 Seo 4890 6 STD 0500 OB 2 (BA 67/ 2 OC) al 2Or 2 4884 3 OBS 0506 08 16/34 67 CY al 2 3 4884 0 STD 0600 O7 821/34 68 2 OY Nab B2o ZO) 4885 3 OBS 0627 07 72 |34 70 2U. ilo) 2 Or 4885 7 Sta. No. | Cast] Wire | Nansen | 15 No.| Angle | Bottles See [ Used [Accepted | Used | fee lbee oa) rae [ie ae a Peel Ie 69 | Consec. Sta. No. 16 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC REF. ST, NO. ATION DATE POSITION MO 5 ; | DAY | YEAR | HOUR LATITUDE | LONGITUDE 3 r = i | 00599 0016 | 04 | LOMAS AS 10 00 s | O77 56me WIND rrane.|| ana || AUR VERSUS | ary CLOUD SEA WATER HGT. | PRESS ITY PATHE SPEED] DIR. DRY W TYPE|AMT.| DIR. COL.| TRANS. Lia | 06 Paes: 8101 (Ne |/el| Nato) 0 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS RSA Tagc s%O ot zap | Ozmi/I Ve ) v Y v v i: oe HY, STD 0000 2 6 |B4& 27 21 98 |0 000 5043 3 OBS 0000 2Y ©06 |B& 27 21 98 5043 3 OBS 0009 2 @5 |B2. 27 Au Oe 5043 8 STD 0010 2a (65) |S Ve 2e 21 98/0 059 5043 8 OBS 0018 27 Oo 84 2e 2 Sys) 5044 4 STD 0020 2 ©9 be >. 2E Ai OE |) aiky/ 5044 5 OBS 0027 2Y Cf&\/3B4& 28 Bi 99 5044 8 STD 0030 27 6341314 40 2A ie} i) 7/5) 5043 2 OBS 0046 25 49 |324 84 23) 109) 5031 5 STD 0050 Oh Oil" i) 22} Ais} \(o) 2G DOA 2 OBg 0069 22 UGE 7 24 09 5005 8 STD 0075 Pik As) |B fie) 24 34/0 381 4998 0 OBS 0092 19 00|34 84 24 92 4978 4 STD 0100 ity 7 QE Weis (3372 25 09 ]|0 463 4971 5 OBS 0138 Gy HO) 34 GIO) 25 3 4946 4 STD 0150 15 NBN S4a 89) 25) 7 0) BOO 4944 1 OBS 0184 14 1016835) On! 26 20 4934 7 STD 0200 13) 24314 95 26 32/1/10 689 4926 5 OBS 0230 2 oil ses | Bi7/ Pe Bit 4914 3 STD 0250 Me 40 134 85) 26 60/0 770 4908 4 OBS 0276 10 90/34 84 26 69 4904 1 STD 0300 10 79 |34 86 26 72/0 843 4904 3 OBS 0305 10 75/34 87 De 1s 4904 2 OBS 0386 OS 317134 75 As) {339} 4891 4 STD 0400 09 14/34 74 26 91/0 974 4890 1 OBS 0470 Os Ss Nev 7/3 2 @al 4884 3 STD 0500 Os} 9 O22 1s 7/0) 20 ©O© jal O8al 4882 0 OBS 0554 Ov Owiph CE ZU. 12 4878 7 ‘Sm 0600 O77 UA Wes Be 2 23 ik 17 4876 6 OBS 0646 06 79134 65 2y- tS) 4874 8 STD 0800 (0) NT Ao [o)L- o(o) Ot Bes iil Bie 4870 5 OBS 0836 OS 555/345 5166 Dy BMS 4869 8 Sta. No. THERMOMETERS = [“Prstected | Unprotected Rea ee es es al, 70 Consec. Sta. No. 17 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS ST. POSITION ATION YEAR HOUR | LATITUDE | LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED 53/5 | 078 SONIC DEPTH 1D (2 5303 AN H EMO. GT. AIR PRESS CLOUD | SEA | SWELL WATER | VIS. coL| TRANS. | TYPE aut] DIR. AMT. | DIR. AMT. | 08 toro ea ira on ie 7 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS | SAMPLE T OG s%O ot = AD Ozmi/ | Ve DEPTH (M) v Vv Vv Vv STD | 0000 28 50/34 38 | 21 79/0 000 |4 48 | 5049 8 OBS 0000 2 BO laa 38 | 2 Ao 4 48 | 5049 8 OB 0009 2) AB | LO || Bike Gil 4 45 | 5050 3 STD 0010 28 47134 4o | 21 81/0 060 |4 46 | 5050 3 OBS 0018 2G AEs Ao || 21 Bg 4 51 | 5050 3 STD 0020 28 40/34 40 | 21 83]0 120 |4 51 | 5050 4 OBS 0027 we Silas Ao) || 2 BA 4 48 | 5050 6 STD 0030 D7 Gols Sy | 22 A2Glo ive | AS || SOAS o OBS 0046 23 67/35 18 | 23 90 4 28 | 5018 1 STD 0050 me OVS 20 | 2 O9lo 2S Ih G2 || SONS & OBS 0069 20 56/35 24 | 24 81 2 64 | 4992 8 STD 0075 19 87|35 23 | 24 99]0 359 |2 46 | 4986 9 OBS 0092 18 23|35 20 | 25 39 2 06 | 4972 4 STD 0100 17 92/35 20 | 25 46|0 428 |2 06 | 4969 8 OBS 0138 16 26|35 16 | 25 83 1 94 | 4955 5 STD 0150 15 57/35 09 | 25 93]0 545 |1 77 | 4948 9 OBg 0184 13 87/34 96 | 26 20 1 AP || Age G STD 0200 1 IAs G5 | 24 B20 G2 Ik Ay || Ao25 6 OBS 0230 12 iD iA So |) 2a. Si 1 48 | 4915 7 STD 0250 11 74/34 91 | 26 59/0 724 |1 49 | 4912 5 oBs 0276 11 29/34 92 | 26 68 1 51 | 4908 9 STD 0300 i Os 2 126 710 Vy Ih 86 || A007 6 OBs 0372 10, U7 iv OO) || BA Be 2 49 | 4901 4 STD 0400 09-8434 88 | 26 91/0 929 |2 48 | 4899 1 OBS 0465 09 20/34 85 | 26 99 2 35 | 4895 1 STD 0500 09 00/34 84 | 27 01/1 049 |2 18 | 4894 7 OBS 0557 08 59/34 82 | 27 06 1 95 | 4893 0 STD 0600 08 11/34 81 | 27 13/1 159 |1 81 | 4889 5 08g 0650 07 66|34 80 | 27 19 1 69 | 4886 8 OBS 0744 Oy IGS Of | 2 27 1 60 | 4885 9 STD 0800 06 85/34 80 | 27 30|1 355 |1 61 | 4885 3 OBS 0930 06 14/34 78 | 27 38 1 63 | 4883 7 STD 1000 OS Gols WS | 27 22 Same Nl 7S |) AG OBg 1117 OS OA/0% TA | 27 a9 1 93 | 4880 0 STD 1200 04 73/34 75 | 27 53/1 674 |2 oO | 4880 8 OBS 1397 Os WSIS 75 || 27 Gil 2 19 | 4883 3 STD 1500 03 80/34 76 | 27 64/1 867 |2 34 | 4885 8 OBS 1967 O2 TE\s% Wr | 2v 73 2 98 | 4899 0 STD 2000 02 GOlOa WW | 27 WGl2 1938 IS 90s || GESo s OBS 2340 2 Ole WS | ar 79 3 AS) || ASas ca STD 2500 34 75 ) BY OBS 2818 O2) ages 6740 oii wale 3 75 | 4950 07 Sta. No. Nansen [THERMOMETERS 17 Bottles Protected 71 0 22 Consec. Sta. No. 18 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC REF. STATION NO. POSITION SONIC DEPTH UNCORRECTED MO. LATITUDE LONGITUDE MAX. SAMPLE DEPTH 10 3 7 5 00599 0018 | 04 11 | 1961 | 14 | OSB SE MOMs ost e | 5121 WIND ANEMO. AIR AIR TEMPERATURE | HUMID- WATER SPEED| DIR. Bete PRRESS —- | i ‘|coL.| TRANS. | 02 | 14 08 | 28 9 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE TEIC) Sho ot = AD Ozmi/t Ve ! DEPTH (M) v v v y ? y y STD 0000 29 38134 80 | 21 81/0 000 |4 O08 | 5057 5 OBg 0000 29 38/34 80 | 21 81 4 08 | 5057 5 STD 0010 29 15/34 78 | 21 87/0 060 |4 33 | 5056 4 OBg 0010 De) AGIs 73 || Bil By 4 33 | 5056 4 STD j 0020 29 051/134 79 | 21 91/0119 |4 05 | 5056 3 OBg 0020 DS) O5\b4 7 || 2 oi 4 05 | 5056 3 STD 0030 29 50/35 13 | 22 01/0178 |4 68 | 5061 3 OBS 0030 A) Boi Ws) |) 22 Oil 4 68 | 5061 3 STD 0050 AD AD\ING D2 | Bs ABI) 2 |S TO || S008 7 OBS 0050 22. wi2) Zs a2 24 45 2, 10 5005 7 STD 0075 19 30/35 23 | 25 14/0 351 |2 73 | 4981 6 OBg 0075 19) 30135923) | 250 ale 2 73 | 4981 6 STD 0100 17 83/35 19 | 25 48/0 419 |1 88 | 4968 9 OBg 0100 iy GSS 1 ||) 25 Ag 1 88 | 4968 9 STD 0150 14 89/35 00 | 26 01/0 533 |1 46 | 4941 5 OBg 0150 Ws GOSS Co |) 2a Oi 1 46 | 4941 5 STD 0200 12 66/34 96 | 26 45/0 626 |1 66 | 4920 1 OBS 0200 12 66|34 96 | 26 45 1 66 | 4920 1 STD 0250 i, GHIA G2 || 26° B20 7Os it Be |) Aon 2 OB 0250 Ul G2 IS O29) 25 Gz 1 82 || Gon 2 STD 0300 10 96/34 89 | 26 72|/0 776 |1 93 | 4906 4 OBS 0300 lo GIS Ge || 26. 172 1 93 | 4906 4 OBS 0378 10 04/34 85 | 26 85 1 95 | 4900 1 STD 0400 09 87/34 84 | 26 87/0 911 |2 08 | 4899 3 OBS 0473 09 32/34 83 | 26 95 2D Ny || SOV STD 0500 09 13/34 84 | 26 99/1 033 |1 89 | 4896 3 OBS 0568 08 64/34 86 | 27 09 1 45 | 4894 4 STD 0600 oO B7I9e 86 | er Tall WAS I AA || Boop © og 0664 Or SOl8G @7 | 27 2a 1 43 | 4890 9 OBS 0760 Oy D584 VW || 2? 20 1 50 | 4888 9 STD 0800 07 10|34 76 | 27 24/1 347 |1 53 | 4888 4 OBS 0956 06. 26340 7 lho 36 1 65 | 4886 8 Sta. No. | | )N THERMOMETERS 58 Protected | Used [Accepted | Used | Accepted, 72 | Consec. Sta. No. 19 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS POSITION SONIC MAX. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE YEAR LATITUDE | LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED} DEPTH 1961 | 02 | 04 03’s|o7s 15’ | 4663 | 08 | SUN ANEMO.| AIR Ben | SWELL ee SPEED] DIR. Be Tom ERS aur. | DIR. [amr. ‘\cot.| TRANS. een an ics ta SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Tjmcc $%O ot ZAD Oami/l Ve DEPTH (M) v v v Vv STD 0000 2S) i3ibS 1S | 22 TAI OOO Im 19 || SOor 2 OBSg 0000 29) le |35)- 15) |) 22 Fe 4 15 | 5057 3 OBS 0008 29 28/55 ©0 || 22-02 4 20 | 5057 2 STD 0010 25 GIS OO || 22 O20 O88 4 20 | Soar % OBg 0017 29 18/35 O1 | 22 '03 Gem 22) sSIO5i708 STD 0020 2) IG |, G8 | 22 Ono 116 |% 2 || S@S7 9 OBS 0026 39 17/34 94 | 21 98 4 34 | 5058 1 STD 0030 29° 00134 94 | 22) Of lo 174. 14535 S057 1 OBS 0044 28 35|34 94 | 22 26 4 42 | 5053 3 STD 0050 253 23/55 19 || 22 GAO 2G IB Si || Goble & OBg 0065 27 26/35 43 | 22 98 4 63 | 5048 3 STD 0075 25 80/35 41 | 23 43/0 410 |4 60 | 5037 7 OBg 0087 24 15/35 38 | 23 90 4 56 | 5025 2 STD 0100 22 35/35 38 | 24 43/0 511 |3 87 | 5010 9 OBg§ 0131 18 94/35 32 | 25 30 2 58 | 4981 9 STD 0150 17 81/35 19 | 25 48/0 664 |2 04 | 4971 7 OBS 0176 16 1955 O89 | 25 ze 1 63 | 4956 7 STD 0200 iW AIDE O7 | 26 Uv7iO 7S ih va || Goso fg OBg 0220 13 25/35 05 | 26 40 1 79 | 4928 2 STD 0250 12 00/34 98 | 26 59]0 861 |1 90 | 4915 8 OBS 0265 ll BPI GA || 26 6 1 95 | 4911 7 OBS 0295 i, li ies of | 26 7s 2 03 | 4908 2 STD 0300 11 05/34 96 | 26 75/0 933 |2 10 | 4907 8 OBSg 0370 10 3275134 68) | 26. 82 2 61 | 4903 0 STD 0400 10 19/34 93 | 26 88]1 065 |2 46 | 4903 5 OBS 0446 09 76/34 96 | 26 98 2 25 | 4901 2 STD 0500 08 76/34 88 | 27 08|1 183 |2 06 | 4891 9 OBS 0526 Of Sie O85 | ar is 1 96 | 4887 8 STD 0600 Or IDs BL | 2@r 2ril 22. I 66 | 4a a OBS 0606 Or O6I8% oO | 27 26 1 64 | 4876 6 OBS 0776 Os OH lss TS | 27 2e 1 44 | 4885 7 Sta. No. | Cast] Wire | Nansen THERMOMETERS | No.| Angle 19 73 Consec. Sta. No. 20 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS r NODC | DATE | POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. | Mo. | DAY | YEAR | HOUR | LATITUDE | LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED| DEPTH 00594 0020| 04 | 12| 1961| 11 | 02 57’s| 078 12’£ | 4864 | 29 | WIND RUE NGMIERATE SEA SWELL WATER IS. SPEED] DIR. Re al ee DIR. | AMT. | DIR |anT. ae COL.| TRANS 04 | 32 | 76 | 30 0| 26 1 o2/1]e6| oil] 2] [ellos 2e SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Ta C) S%O ot ZAD OzmI/I Pre DEPTH (M) v y y Y Y y STD 0000 As) Gy) ts SN) 21 86/0 000 4 14 5058 3 OBS 0000 29 45 |34 90 21 86 4 14 Ee 3 STD 0010 29) 25 OG Be Ze AS ONO ay 28) 2037/2) OBg 0010 29 26/34 88 2k Sit 4 23 5057 5 OBg 0019 297 NG6)|345 9, 22 100 4 22 DOD Taw STD 0020 ay toe 7 22 (3 Ifo) ahah) 4 21 5057 7 OBS 0029 29 2) 2) Oil 22 08 4 18 5057 6 STD 0030 29 @il 1S 0 22 il |) ve 4 20 ROA OBS 0048 23 IS \sa BY 22 oe 4 47 BOR 1 STD 0050 2Y BBS Bi 22 70/0 285 4 46 5052 5 OBS 0072 20) Gy |e) 2S) 23 ie 4 30 5041 8 STD 0075 29° G2132) 26) 2 2 (0) Cito) 3 94 5041 9 OBg 0096 25 74/35 28 2s) 3}%) 2 Wp) 5038 0 STD 0100 Ae) 2s) 2) 28) 23 30) |@ 325 2 Of 5034 3 OBS 0145 LD g2 132) Ze) Zo) 6 10)2 21018 4990 6 STD 0150 1 wee 9 22) Zoe ZO OKO 2010 4984 4 OBS 0194 T4 5)2)/3:5) 26 Oe 29) i Gil 4941 2 STD 0200 Tas Ze Per 9 2s 20 330 BA ey ye) 4938 6 OBS 0243 2 UBD) Ov A Bil 1 94 4924 3 STD 0250 V2 OB 9S Or 26 54/0 905 i OY 4923 4 OBS 0293 Hil GS i9o Oy 26 68 2 iS) 4917 9 STD 0300 IAS 801/355 206 26 69/0 980 2 B22 4916 8 OBS 0391 10 43/34 99 26 89 Q Yah 4906 0 STD 0400 ON 3 45 Bi4e99 Aly Go) a ac 2 TO 4905 5 OBS 0488 09 59/34 97 2 @2 2 42 4901 7 STD 0500 09 52/34 98 2m 104))1723)3 2 29 4901 6 OBS 0584 Oe) @al (Bus OY) 2 3B I ©3 4900 4 STD 0600 O18) 9107/34 98 27 14 {1 343 Ho By 4900 0 OBS 0680 08 36/34 92 2y ons 1 42 4897 8 OBS 0775 O77 Gal 1 47 STD 0800 O7 64 |34 88 27 25)|1 544 1 48 4895 7 OBS 0965 06 59 |34 84 2 Si if Gal 4891 9 STD 1000 06 39/34 83 Ar BO ras i BZ 4891 3 OBS 1154 OF BRN - So) 27 47 1 64 4889 3 STD 1200 05 32/34 80 27 Bo) Gee i- 7) 4888 9 OBS 1439 05 97434 79 27 41% QZ KE 4911 6% STD 1500 04 00/34 79 27 64/2 084 2 @2Y 4888 7 oe 1915 02 74/34 76 27 74 2 QO 4895 6 STD 2000 02 60/34 76 2 TRN2 B22 A Oe) 4898 6 OBS 2391 OZ Ie S45 2y vB a Ae 4914 7 STD 2500 O22 Ol BG" 7/e 20° O92 Sv 3 BB) 4919 7 OBS 2868 ON SO |/345 e738 Qt U® 3 54 4938 2 Sta. No. | Cast| Wire | Nansen 20 Bottles |__ Protected | ee ees Ben aibog baer ee fra ea ier ad Ea es sa es a) Fa 2k ata ee WIE | 74 Consec. Sta. No. 21 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS | NODC DATE POSITION SONIC, MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE No. MO. DAY YEAR HOUR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH 00599 0021 | 04 | 12 || 1POil || 2O 02 OS O77. 53/ E 4846 09 | ANEMO. AIR AIR TEMPERATURE HUMID. penetie CLOUD SWELL Be WATER : ra DIR. | AMT. DIR. [amr. COL. TRANS. | 05 | 27 [Tea ee sors] ele | SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE ToC S%O ot = AD O2zmI/I Ve DEPTH (M) vy v v vy Vv Vv STD eas 29 33 (34 95 21 9410 000 i 22 5057 6 OBS 0000 29 33 (34 95 21 94 Bb D2 5057 6 OBS 0009 29 35/34 96 Di. OL fy 37 5058 4 STD 0010 29 35/34 96 21 94/1/0 059 Ls 5058 4 OB 0018 29 32/34 97 21 96 4 28 5058 7 STD 0020 Ds) 2 A os) Dil OT Ko) 116) 30 5058 9 OBG 0027 29 24 |35 03 22 03 th Bk, 5058 9 STD 0030 2 1618S Oi 22 OAI0 76 he oyh 5058 5 OBS 0046 28 681/35 00 D2 ke) 4 34 5056 9 STD 0050 28 67/35 06 22 24/0 290 Gi Be 5056 4 OBS 0069 a7 @2195 26 | 22 67 4 45 | 5052 1 STD 0075 27 Ov |S 26 22 91/0 423 LON 5046 9 OBg 0092 25 02/99 27 23 56 2) Di 5032 1 STD 0100 2A AOIS 2 23 84/0 537 2). 2 BO25 2p OBS 0138 19 98/35 26 24 98 2 56 4991 7 STD 0150 18 66/35 19 25 270 7OS) 2 AT 4979 9 OBS 0184 15 49/35 07 25 94 iL Gi, 4950 © STD 0200 14 26/35 o7 26 20/0 825 L 8 4938 0 OBS 0230 12 56/35 06 26 55 1B 4921 2 STD 0250 12 05135 05 26 64/0 908 2 03 4916 6 OBg 0276 Te 53) 1315) soe 26 73 1 96 4912 2 STD 0300 Ui AO 19S 02 26 74/0 980 2 12 4912 0 OBg 0350 Im OO185 C6 26 72 D Bil 4910 3 STD 0400 10-3434 99 26 GO|, 12 2A 16) 4905 5 OBS 0437 09 93/34 98 26 97 D VA || 202 8 STD 0500 Oo Ala Gp | 27 On ial 232 2 NF 4900 2 OBS 0525 09 26/34 91 2Y Os) 2 ~ if) 4899 6 STD 0600 08 88/34 90 27 081]1 346 eK) 4899 4 OBS 0616 08 78/34 90 27 9 1 81 4899 1 OBS 0709 08 08/34 88 2Y 19 1 59 4895 9 STD 0800 07 57/34 89 27 ATW Sox 1 40 4894 9 OBJ 0907 07 19/34 95 ay Si 1 20) 4896 6 | | Sta. No. Wi Nansen on Bottles I abeecreca| | oi] Rafael |izoml ae ia eo | Ee nee Se 75 Consec. Sta. No. 22 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION MAX. REF. | STATION SAMPLE NO. | MO. DAY YEAR | HOUR | LATITUDE Is LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH | 00594 0022| 04 | 13| 1961| 03 | 01 00’s| 077 53'£ | 4755 | 08 | WIND ANEMO! | ain) | OMRTEMPERATORED| yin. |p even | SEA | SWELL Sa oon Se Gaal) TYPE AMT, DIR [ amr. | arene anc a coL.| TRANS. | eee [oo | 29 4| 26 7| o2|8|6| 32] 2| SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Tac s%O ot = AD O2zmi/I Me DEPTH (M) y v v y v v STD 0000 2) B32 1984 69 Al 12 0) Wfoxo) 4° 25 5056 5 OBS 0000 2) ase \84% 62 Qi U2 425 5056 5 OBS 0009 29 Bil (B& ©0) ZA G8, Gis 5056 9 STD 0010 2 Bik igs SO) 21 68/0 061 4 36 5056 9 OBS 0018 29 29 |34 60 21 69 4 39 BNosy7/ 3) STD 0020 29 29 |34 60 Aik (8) |) as) he ST 5057 4 OBS 0027 29° 2934 61 Ai 7/0) 4 33 5057 8 STD 0030 2) 2r |Bes © Al 1) Kor ees 4 35 5058 0 OBS 0044 Qs) abe) Bus 2 Zi ~ SiO) 4 41 5058 6 STD 0050 29 04/34 91 22) 0109/0303 4 41 5058 5 OBS 0066 Ay Bail sss) abil 22 DO 4 42 DOS N33 STD 0075 25 WZ |e) alg} 23 18/0 435 2 63) 5038 6 OBS 0088 a3 ES |B 26 220189) 3 Bil 5022 7 STD 0100 253 iy \ja B32 24 15/0 542 3 iY 5017 6 OBS 0131 20) Ve Be sie 24 87 2) ()7/ 4998 7 STD 0150 iG) Goes 92 25 4210 703 2 (3) 4978 4 OBS 0174 le Oa ies 2h 23 9% 2 20) 4955 4 STD 0200 12) “VOSS 29 3710 Biz 2 kY 4933 3 OBS 0219 12) 729 ail 7X3) 13)53) 2 alal 4922 5 STD 0250 12 27 |S2 . Wil 26 64/0 892 i 9) 4919 3 OBS 0265 12 OFF |B iLO 28 ©1/ 96 4918 1 STD 0300 tal 89 3a OF 26 68/0 964 2 Oi 4917 8 OBS 0326 li 67 25 @8 2 ail 2 03 4916 8 STD 0400 Toy 92 |S2 O2 26 88/1 100 1 94 4908 9 OBS 0410 NO Bo (Bs 2 25 0) t os 4908 1 OBS 0493 OS 7 BS 97 2S YY 2 04 4904 1 STD 0500 QD oj Ory AY 0) ik 228) 2 (oak 4903 7 OBS 0579 09 02 (34 94 2 O&) it 7 4900 0 STD 0600 08 89 |34 95 AU 2 ja Bos) 1 75 4899 7 OBS 0665 08 47/34 97 AU 20) 6) 4898 5 STD 0800 O07 61/34 99 2y. Bes iit BBO Ly 38 4895 8 OBS 0848 Or Bil ea OY 2Y 39 2 4894 8 Sta. No. | Cast} Wire | Nansen | ROME oo 22 No.] Angle] Bottles {| Protected | =| | 39° ia er ie 76 Lael Tage) Gre om ok a [eonseen Sta, No. 23 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. MO. | DAY | YEAR HOUR | LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH | 00599 0023 | 04 | 13] 1961] 18 | 00 00'N| 078 00'& | 4663 | 24 = WIND AIR TEMPERATURE SEA SWELL WATER Net | ettls Ml: fear : ie DRY W WET v AMT. | DIR. jan. COL.| TRANS. 10) || 28 3 || 267 | 02 2 | mi = SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS Goan TAG sh%o ot = AD OzmI/I Ve v v v v v v STD 0000 29 13/34 69 | 21 81/0 000 |4 06 | 5055 3 OBS 0000 DS) iia | GO | 2a “A 4 06 | 5055 3 OBS 0009 De) TA IBA 67 || Dil 7S 4 22 | 5055 9 STD 0010 29 14/134 68 | 21 80/0 060 14 22 | 5056 0 OBg 0018 aS A|a 7 || 2 85 4 23 | 5056 4 STD 0020 29 10/34 73 | 21 85/0120 |4 25 | 5056 5 OBS 0027 AR SAA 72 | ail Bs 4 28 | 5055 9 STD 0030 2 Frias Ve || 2 27 |@ 1@O |& 27 || BOBA OBG 0045 AT 81 1B& @2 | 22 Az 4 15 | 5049 4 STD 0050 of GLiIBS Of | 22 GOlO 292 WA OS) | SOes 7 OBS 0068 26 24/35 40 | 23 28 3. 72 | 5040 6 STD 0075 253 Pl isSs 39 | 2) S9/O All 9 AB || SOs) O OBS 0091 23 O1lS ge | 2&4 22 2 87 | 5015 9 STD 0100 at S| Si | 2a Gao Se 2 4G | SO07 3 OBg 0137 i COB IS || aS Az, i 8 | A772 B STD 0150 164 9A 19353 16 | 25 @8\0 652, | 32 | 42o57 7 OBS 0183 13 GAG 18 | 26 a6 1 68 | 4928 6 STD 0200 i OF /85 15 || 26 SliO 74a i 7S || Aone 6 OBG 0230 12 BAIS 1 || 26 G9 i @2 || 2921 2 STD 0250 i? (17 |S I@ | 26 E65 /0 82a In “GO |) Aone 2 OBS 0277 ii | GO is5 Of || 26° 76 1 VU || BORG S STD 0300 Ae 188N|FISs OS eZAOmNGON OME ima alec oMerane OBS 0304 il EGISS ©8 || 26 69 1 7s) || ASIG © OBS 0380 11=715)35 06 2G Al 1 84 | 4920 5 stp | 0400 i 26199). O23 | 26 772 O87 | OL || BONG A OBS 0456 10 28/34 99 | 26 92 1 92 || 4908 4 STD 0500 09 84/35 00 | 27 OO]1 165 |1 63 | 4905 5 OBg 0530 09 60/35 O01 | 27 O05 1 49 | 4904 4 STD 0600 OS 27195 ©5 | 2’ iil avr it 36 |) 4904 7 OBS 0605 OS 2195 @©8 || 27 We 1 35 | 4904 7 OBS 0757 O83 BOIBS Oil || 27 2a 1 O07 | 4903 1 STD 0800 Or GSS Oo | 2y BOI 27S i Ws) |) Bowe a OBg 0909 OP IAIBA Di | Br &O 1 00 | 4896 2 STD 1000 OF IISA GA | a7 SHIM GSA ial WA |) Ao © ops 1138 06 78)34 91 | 27 40 1 35 | 4904 9 STD 1200 06 26/34 90 | 27 46]1 821 |1 47 | 4901 8 STD 1500 04 26/34 85 | 27 66/2 030 /1 99 | 4892 6 OBS 1531 04 10/34 85 | 27 68 2102) ||) 489292 OBS 1934 O2 ATisa 82 | 27 TE 2 48 | 4898 8 STD 2000 2 TIBs 8 | 27 W220 |2 Sy | A900 3 OBS 2354 02 20a 77 | 27 7o 3 09 | 4913 8 Sta. No. | Cast] Wire | Nansen ] THERMOMETERS 33) | No. | Anole [Bottles Used 77 Consec. Sta. No. 2h SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE POSITION MAX. REF. STATION SAMPLE NO. MO. | DAY | YEAR HOUR LATITUDE | LONGITUPE 00594 0024| 04 | 14|1961| 06 | 00 56 .N| 078 O1€ WN) | AIR SPEED| DIR. HGT. PRESS | 08 | 32 | 10 SAMPLE Tac ShO ot ZAD Ozmi/I Vp DEPTH (M) vy y Vv Vv y stp | 0000 | 29 42|34 65 | 21 68/0 000 |4 14 | 5057 2 oBg 0000 | 29 42/34 65 | 21 68 4 14 | 5057 2 stp | 0010 | 29 41 (34 64 | 21 68/0 061 |4 21 | 5057 8 opg 0010 +| 29 41/34 64 | 21 68 4 21 | 5057 8 S10 | Ono | 20 Sie GB | an Palo tas | iA | SoSr 7 opg 0020 | 29 31/34 65 | 21 72 4 14 | 5057 7 Sm 0230 | Be Be pe Ge Baily | ONG aun |e ON SOS aur opg 0030 | 29 23/34 64 | 21 74 4 28 | 5057 7 stp | 0050 | 28 16|34 92 | 22 30|0 300 |4 30 | 5052 2 oBg 0050 =| 28 16/34 92 | 22 30 4 30 | 5052 2 stp | 0075 | 25 99/35 04 | 23 09/0 430 |3 58 | 5037 9 0Bg 0075 | 25 99|35 04 | 23 09 3.58 | 5037 9 Si | Olea | 25 C5185 25 | 2% Wolo See |P 52 || bole & opg 0100 | 23 06|35 25 | 24 13 2 52 | 5016 5 stp | 0150 | 18 63/35 15 | 25 25|0 704 |1 38 | 4979 4 0Bg 0150 | 18 63/35 15 | 25 25 1 38 | 4979 4 Si | eho jis S25 13 26 Allo eas Il 5a || 20c0 3 ops 0200 | 13 52/35 13 | 26 41 1) 56) 493015 STD, | 0250 || 12 35135 10 |) 26 e2|o 895) \y 64 | eo20e2 oBg 0250 | 12 35/35 10 | 26 62 1 64 | 4920 2 stp | 0300 | 11 96/35 08 | 26 68|0 968 |1 76 | 4918 7 oB§ 0300 | 11 96/35 08 | 26 68 1 76 | 4918 7 opg 0398 | 11 06/35 06 | 26 83 1 64 | 4914 1 So | OX | il OSI OS | 26 Salt Wor | Ge || Gone 9 OBg 0497 | 11 25%35 01 | 26 76% 1 59 | 4921 94 Si OBO) | WO AaB Gh | 2a OAln Baa I Se | ZnO 2 opg 0597 +| 09 53/35 o2 | 27 07 1 34 | 4907 6 stp | 0600 | 09 51/35 o2 | 27 o7|1 352 |1 33 | 4907 5 oBg 0697 | 08 90/35 03 | 27 18 1 15 | 4905 9 oBg 0797 | 08 07/35 o2 | 27 30 1 06 | 4901 5 stp | 0800 | 08 05/35 o2 | 27 30/1 557 |1 06 | 4901 4 0Bg§ 0996 =| 06 67/34 98 | 27 47 1 20 | 4895 3 Sta. No. | 2h 78 Consec. Sta. No. 25 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE POSITION REF. STATION NO. MO, | pay YEAR | Hour LATITUDE LONGITUDE 00599 0025 | 04 14] 1961 | 18 02 k 00'N 077. 57° £ AIR TEMPERATURE CLOUD ~ SEA SWELL WATER | MYND: ari | Ie DRY W WETYW TYPE/AMT.| DIR. AMT. | DIR. [amr.| COL.| TRANS. | 10 | 29 8| 25 6 o2|8|3|26| 2| fre SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE TEC S%O ot ZAD Ozmi/I Ve DEPTH (M) Vv v Vv Vv Vv vy STD 0000 | 29 63 4 03 OBg 0000 29 63/35 O08* | 21 93 4 03 | 5060 2% STD 0010 29 63 |34 89 | 21 79 4 15 | 5060 1 OBS 0010 29 63/34 89 | 21 79 4 15 | 5060 1 STD 0020 2. BRAD 22. -| 2 BS 4 20 | 5060 1 OBS 0020 Zo) 82 pa 92 al gS Be 20: || SOGO 3 STD 0030 2 Bris YS [22 Ox 4 25 | 5053 5 OBS 0030 25 Sv iIBa 7) | 22° Ox 4 25 | 5053 5 STD 0050 Aj P2IB GG | 22 25 4 25 | 5052 5 OBS 0050 28) 22134 se8> | 22 25 4 25 | 5052 5 STD 0075 26 76|34 92 | 22 76 3 76 | 5043 3 OBg 0075 AS Wolo 92 || 22 7G 3 76 | 5043 3 STD 0100 23 21/34 96 | 23 86 2 38 | 5016 7 OBg 0100 23 21/34 96 | 23 86 2 38 | 5016 7 STD 0150 17 10/34 98 | 25 49 0 68 | 4963 9 OBg 0150 17 10/34 98 | 25 49 0 68 | 4963 9 STD 0200 13 41/35 08 | 26 39 1 19 | 4928 9 OBg 0200 13 41/35 08 | 26 39 1 19 | 4928 9 STD 0250 12 24/35 00 | 26 56 1 79 | 4918 5 OBS 0250 12 24|35 00 | 26 56 1 79 | 4918 5 STD 0300 11 36/35 04 | 26 76 1 92 | Gone OBg 0300 i BAIS OA || 26 7 1 92 | 4911 6 0B 0398 iW Shes 2. | 26° 7 1 93 | 4914 5 STD 0400 1109135 02 | 26 79 1 90 | 4914 4 OBS 0496 10 38/35 05 | 26 94 0 96 | 4911 9 STD 0500 10 37|35 05 | 26 95 Q OY | 4o22 © OBg 0596 09 79/35 02 | 27 02 1 05 | 4910 7 STD 0600 09 74/35 02 | 27 03 1 03 | 4910 3 OBS 0695 Oe GIBB O2 | Av 2O 0 78 | 4903 2 OBS 0794 On EVIE 92 | av Bil 0 95 | 4898 7 STD 0800 Ov GEIS 85° | ay sil 0 96 | 4898 6 OBg 0993 06 67/34 93 | 27 43 1 08 | 4895 0 Sta. No. | Cast] Wire | Nansen | THERMOMETERS Angle | Bottles eet as ik ee 79 | Consec. Sta. No. 26 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC [ | DATE POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE NO. | MO. “| pay YEAR HOUR LATITUDE | LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH | 00594 0026| 04 | 15| 1961| 02 | 03° ‘oo'N| 077 53/E | 3292 | 29 | WIND ANEMO. AIR AIR TEMPERATURE HUMID- CLOUD | SEA | SWELL WATER SPEED DIR. WSUs ERE SS ne oh DIR. AMT. | DIR. a COL.| TRANS. 04 | 32 o9 | 30 0| 26 1| 01] 9| 8] 32] 2] SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE T°c $%0O ot ZAD Orin | Mr DEPTH (M) Vv _|| vy vy vy v y STD d 0000 | 29 50/34 92 | 21 86/0 000 |4 15 | 5058 7 opg 0000 | 29 50|34 92 | 21 86 4 15 | 5058 7 stp | 0010 | 29 48|34 91 | 21 86/0 060 |4 26 | 5059 2 ops 0010 | 29 48|34 91 | 21 86 4 26 | 5059 2 stp | 0020 | 29 48/34 91 | 21 86/0 119 |4 21 | 5059 8 opg 0020 | 29 48 |34 91 | 21 86 4 21 | 5059 8 stp | 0030 | 29 41/34 93 | 21 89/0 179 4 30 | 5060 0 ops 0030 | 29 41/34 93 | 21 89 4 30 | 5060 0 stp | 0050 | 28 49/35 03 | 22 28|0 294 |4 38 | 5055 0 0Bg§ 0050 | 28 49/35 03 | 22 28 4 38 | 5055 0 stp | 0075 | 26 50/35 22 | 23 06/0 425 |4 16 | 5042 4 oBg 0075 | 26 50|35 22 | 23 06 4 16 | 5042 4 stp | 0100 | 25 64|35 27 | 23 37]0 542 |3 32 | 5037 5 Ops 0100 | 25 64/35 27 | 23 37 3432 || 5037 5 stp |0150 | 15 21|35 o2 | 25 96/0 709 |0 83 | 4944 9 OBg 0150 | 15 21/35 o2 | 25 96 0 83 | 4944 9 stp | 0200 |13 41 (35 06 | 26 37/0 804 |0 80 | 4928 8 oBg§ 0200 | 13 41/35 06 | 26 37 0 80 | 4928 8 stp | 0250 |12 76/35 10 | 26 54/0 886 |1 44 | 4924 8 opg 0250 | 12 76/35 10 | 26 54 1 44 | 4924 8 stD | 0300 |11 67|35 09 | 26 74/0 960 |1 34 | 4915 4 opg 0300 | 11 67/35 09 | 26 74 1 34 | 4915 4 OBS 0391 | 11 02/35 o7 | 26 85 1 34 | 4913 2 STD) | 0400 «| 10) 97/35 O77) || 26 85.\1 O95se in e29) sens) 2 opg 0488 | 10 43/35 09 | 26 97 Opmcounlmaoiinn stD | 0500 | 10 35/35 09 | 26 98/1 219 |0 96 | 4911 9 OBS 0586 | 09 67/35 06 | 27 07 0 89 | 4908 8 stp | 0600 | 09 50|35 06 | 27 10]1 334 |0 84 | 4907 6 oBg 0684 | 08 67/35 03 | 27 21 0 67 | 4902 3 og 0782 | 08 19/35 00 | 27 27 0 75 | 4902 0 stp | 0800 | 08 06|34 99 | 27 28/1 538 jo 78 | 4901 5 OB§ 0978 ~| 06 85/34 94 | 27 41 1 12 | 4896 4 So Oe | OS IBA oe 27 4oiR me | iy | 4005 © 0B§ 1173. | 05 69/34 91 | 27 54 1 49 | 4892 7 Sup || 2oo | OS Srviee So || ay Sein. ces |m 52 | Gene 7 OBS 1467 | 04 43|34 86 | 27 65 1 88 | 4893 0 std | 1500 | 04 29|34 85 | 27 66|2 059 |1 93 | 4893 0 ong 1956 | 02 82|34 80 | 27 76 2 63 | 4899 3 stp | 2000 | 02 74|34 80 | 27 77|2 323 |2 74 | 4900 8 OBS 2446 | 02 08/34 78 | 27 81 3.38 | 4917 6 stp | 2500 | 02 02/34 78 | 27 82\2 541 |3 34 | 4919 9 op§ 2936 | 01 76|34 75 | 27 81 3. 00 | 4941 8 Nansen | THERMOMETERS Bottles (ue eae Td 80 Consec. Sta. No. 27 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS | NODC DATE POSITION REF. STATION No. MO. | DAY | YEAR | HOUR LATITUDE | LONGITUDE 00599 0027| 04 | 15] 1961/14 | 03 50’N| 078 o1’e | 3127 | 28 SONIC DEPTH UNCORRECTED MAX. SAMPLE DEPTH ANEMO. AIR AIR TEMPERATURE HUMID- ‘| CLOUD | SEA | SWELL WATER or PSS DRYW WET YW Ly byeilels TyPE|AMT.| sul AMT. DIR. [amr. es COL.| TRANS. os | 30 6| 26 1| 02 | 8 [2 | AQ | 2 | Tall o | SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE 7 26 s%o ot = AD Ozmi/ Ve DEPTH (M) Vv v vy v Vv STD 0000 29 68/34 47 | 21 46/0 000 |4 06 | 5058 4 OBS 0000 2 O83 Ba a7 | a1 a6 4 06 | 5058 4 OBg 0009 AS) 66 ba 27 || 2h. Ay 4 15 | 5058 9 STD 0010 29) 651\34 54 | 21> Salo-o63 14 16 | 5059) 1 oBg 0018 me) BAIA oi |) Al BA 4 23 | 5060 1 STD 0020 DS) AA Ol || Bl Elo 125 WA “as) | Gone ec OBS 0027 29 32134 91 2 OT 4 23 5059 1 STD 0030 2) Sia OL || DL ORO 1A lA 2 |) GOBe 2 OBS 0045 A ADA ©O2 | 21 OG 4 23 | 5059 5 STD 0050 mm) WAlbA oe || 21 99/0 502 IA 2A |) Bones OBS 0068 2D BAIA Of |) 22 ai 4 26 | 5058 5 STD 0075 28 42/35 05 | 22 32/0 445 |4 19 | 5056 1 OBg 0091 26 97|35 18 | 22 88 3 83 | 5046 8 STD 0100 25 30135 15 | 23 38/0 571 |3 13 | 5034 4 OBg 0136 i Geis Oa | 2a os 1 pS || Zona 5 STD 0150 i” S215 ©8 | 25 S7lo vo ih @6 | tom & OBS 0181 19 OL1S @ || 26 6 0 91 | 4944 9 STD 0200 Ws WSIS 5, | 2G AGlo BGA hl 5) |) Aco? © OBS 0226 1 AHS 19 | 26 ae 1 99 || Aone) 5 STD 0250 1 B6S 1 | 26 Golo say ih 52 || 2onn G OBS 0271 12 IOS 12 | 26° 68 1 Gn || 2008 STD 0300 i OVi8S 00 || 26 Tilt O20 Ih AQ | Boing OBS 0372 11 06/35 08 | 26 85 1 IG, || Goin @ STD 0400 10 =50-135 o8 | 26 95/1 152 |1 06 | 4907 7 OBS 0465 Oo HBAS 9a | By ai 0 86 | 4900 0 STD 0500 OS 46155! 68 | av asin 265 lo 63 || acon B oBg 0558 09 74435 07 | 27 O7% 0 80 | 4908 0% STD 0600 oO Alias Or | 27 wih Be lO Wi || AoOs G OBS 0651 Oo iPS” OS | ar Lé 0 65 | 2906 6 OBS 0745 Oh C2 1BS. OA || D2 BE 0 58 | 4903 0 STD 0800 On 97135 | Os | ei Sell Se] lo 67 acoo 5 OBS 0934 OG O77 be OS | ay AA 0 89 | 4895 6 STD 1000 OG Srilas or | ar Grit 736 It On || AIA 2 OBS 1122 05 86/34 94 | 27 54 1, 22 || GQOD A STD 1200 05 40/34 92 | 27 59/1 879 |1 36 | 4890 5 OBS 1406 04 35/34 88 | 27 68 1 72 | 4888 4 STD 1500 04 01/34 87 | 27 70/|2 059 |1 90 | 4889 2 OBS 1880 Of GAs 82 || QR Wy 2 45 | 4896 6 STD 2000 0 Waloz Gi | Sr Wale Boe 2 BA |) Age a OBS 2358 02 BORG 7S | 27 BO 2 80 | 4915 5 STD 2500 O02 I2194 79 | 27 Bile B29. 2 on || agan & OBS 2836 Ol wise ve | ar es J AP |) 2B 3 Sta. No. 27 81 | Consec. Sta. No. 28 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE | POSITION REF. STATION r MAX. SAMPLE DAY YEAR HOUR | LATITUDE LONGITUDE DEPTH 28 22| 1961] 02 | 08 00’N| 069 46’E MO. NO 00599 0028 | 04 | | = WIND ANEMO. AIR AIR TEMPERATURE HUMID- er CLOUD SEA SWELL ee WATER SPEED DIR. | HT. pee ee | DRYW WET Y ON TYPL)AMT a AMT. DIR aut,| osalem| o9 | 29 4| 25 2| | o2[s[ 4] 2a] 2] iz SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Teac) s%O ot = AD Ozmi/ Ve DEPTH (M) Vv v vy vy Vv v STD 0000 29 71|35 04 | 21 88/0 000 |4 17 | 5060 6 OBg 0000 2) UL iS OA || 2i Be 4 17 | 5060 6 STD 0010 me) W2\83 OF | 21 Gio O60 jh il || Boe 2) Ops 0010 2 Y2\93 O% | ail wy hp Bh || BOO1 3 opg 0019 a 7 \pS tS |) 2h 92 i, pe || BOG2 3 STD 0020 a) wale iy |) 2 GSO il] IA 26 || S002 8 OBS 0029 2) B3109 G6 || 22 Bi 4 50 || 5061.3 STD 0030 OA BB /85 30 || 22 28/0 lve I S2 || SoeL 2 OBg 0049 aa SYS Ov | 22 Be 4 56 | 5058 4 STD 0050 2.65173 G2 2208 4a OleZO)l nn Geena OBS 0074 AS 87 |S tO || 22 86 3 82 | 5044 1 STD 0075 26 50|35 11 | 22 98/0 406 |3 68 | 5042 0 OBg 0098 ma Debs Sl || Bs oS lye 25) 50020 STD 0100 A AB\29 20 | 2% Gri Soy jk AB | BOOR L OBg 0148 18 28/35 09 | 25 29 0 80 | 4975 7 STD 0150 18) 101/35 109) || 25 33)|0 659 9 jo 78 \4or74 2 OBg 0197 14 73) 35) 06m (2615 10 0 41 | 4942 8 STD 0200 14 61/35 o7 | 26 13/0 775 |0 41 | 4941 7 OBS 0246 1) “AOS Bl | 26 83 0 38 | 4929 8 STD 0250 I) HEIs Al | Be BAO Ges 0 39 || 2929 & OBS 0296 12 7S ss 29 |) 26 60 0 43 | 4927 7 STD 0300 i Ths 1 || 2G GIO SQ io 23 | Soar @ OBS 0363 1 LIS 2h | 26 7s Q 25 | 2023 6 STD 0400 Ti) 030/35) Pilee 25 -93)|1 OS Op SO aoa ORS 0453 OO OG 23° || 27 oS) 0 68 | 4905 1 STD 0500 Oo) GHIs9 13 | Pr NOln wos | GO | 4007 2 OBS 0544 09 88|35 14 | 27 10 0 55 | 4909 1 STD 0600 OO AIS W2 |) 27 AS 209 |O 64 | S9o7 6 OBS 0635 0) 25\95 ak | 27 26 0 53 | 4906 8 OBS 0725 OF TLIBS 20 | 22 26 0 55 | 4905 5 STD 0800 08 36/35 06 | 27 29|1 499 |0 68 | 4905 5 OBg 0912 Oy Wiss Ol | av Ss 0 85 | 4903 8 STD 1000 06 93/34 99 | 27 44]1 674 |0 95 | 4899 0 OBg 1104 O61) 2en/34) 196" 2) 51 1 07 | 4896 3 STD 1200 OG 2 'DA OF | ay SO Gon jm 2 |) Bool B OBg 1388 OB BSA OR | Ay G2 1 46 | 4907 8 STD 1500 OS) CAIDA Gy | a7 Sole 083 Ik 17S | S0Qs x OBS 1870 03 04|34 79 | 27 74 2 45 | 4897 3 STD 2000 O02 SOA 72 27 VEl2 858 2 Ol | Soo GC OBg 2350 O2 29 Be VE || 27 79 2 94 | 4914 9 STD 2500 op IDA Gy | Se BO\2 564 |B OG || 492an SB OBG 2832 Ol “OTIS 7S | ev VS 3.19 | 4937 1 Sta. No. | 28 i Accepted 82 Consec. Sta. No. 29: SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC DATE POSITION SONIC MAX. REF. STATION DEPTH SAMPLE + -NO. MO. DAY YEAR LATITUDE LONGITUDE UNCORRECTED] DEPTH 00594 0029 | 04 00/N | 057 + 08/E | 4023 SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE TAC, s%O ot = AD O2mi/ VE DEPTH (M) Vv Vv Vv Vv vy vy stp | 0000 29 57135 00 | 21 89/0 000 |4 12 | 5059 5 ops 0000 29 57/35 00 | 21 89 4 12 | 5059 5 stp | 0010 29 56134 99 | 21 8910 059 |4 25 | 5060 0 ops 0010 29 56/34 99 | 21 89 4 25 | 5060 0 oBg 0019 29 49/135 a1 | 21 93 4 26 | 5060 1 stp | 0020 29 491/135 02 | 21 9410119 |4 26 | 5060 2 aps 0028 a9) 451135 11a loo 4 4 29 | 5060 8 stp | 0030 29 33/35 17 | 22 1010 177 |4 32 | 5060 2 OBS 0047 28 42/135 38 | 22 56 i 45 5055 5 stp. | 0050 | 28 39/35 42 | 22 60|0 287 |4 44 | 5055 6 oBg 0072 27 42135 66 | 23 10 4 35 | 5050 7 stp | 0075 27 10135 68 | 23 2210 412 |4 13 | 5048 5 ops 0095 25) 06135 74 | 23 90 2 86 | 5034 2 stp | 0100 24 67135 72 | 24. o1l0 520 |2 62 | 5031 4 OBS 0143 20 90135 55 | 24 96 1 28 | 5001 4 stp | 0150 19 94/35 50 | 25 18|0 690 |1 30 | 4992 9 ops 0191 15 87135 29 | 26 0o2 1 41 | 4955 2 stp | 0200 15 62|35 28 | 26 o7\o 812 |1 45 | 4953 1 OBg 0238 i 25185 25 | 26 36 % BS |2ond stp | 0250 13 94|35 24 | 26 4olo 904 |1 54 | 4938 2] OBS 0286 12 71|35 23 | 26 65 1 49 | 4926 8 stp | 0300 12 51/35 23 | 26 69\0 983 |1 46 | 4925 4 OBS 0385 11 52|35 23 | 26 88 1 23 | 4919 3 stp | 0400 11.41/35 24 | 26 91\1 118 |1 18 | 4918 9 OBS 0480 10 92/35 28 | 27 03 0 91 | 4918 2 stp | 0500 10 84|35 28 | 27 o4|1 238 |o 82 | 4918 4 oBg 0575 10 50135 27 | 27 09 0 62 | 4918 8 stp | 0600 10 37|35 28 | 27 13|1 349 |o 65 | 4918 8 OBS 0670 10 00135 29 | 27 20 0 68 | 4918 6 OBg 0766 09 50/35 29 | 27 28 0 63 | 4918 3 stp | 0800 Oo Ibs a7 | an snl Gt © 65 | tone 6 opg 0957 | 07 98/35 19 | 27 45 Gus ilagnione sip || om lon Gala ar lar col goa” ilo 7a! |) Goede © oBs 1148 0G GAIBS 20 | a7 Bz 0 94 | 4904 5 stp | 1200 | 06 32135 o7 | 27 59/1 870 |1 03 | 4903 3 OBS 1436 OG TOS 68 | ar Bact > | 2G | done & sip | isoo |os Galea of lav Gale oan Ih Go. |) aaa a oBg 1916 03 12|/34 83 | 27 76 D (ap | Och 3 stp | 2000 | 02 94134 83 | 27 78\2 323 |2 53 | 4903 7 OBS 2402 02 29|/34 82 | 27 83 2 61 | 4918 2 stp. | 2500 | o2 18/34 81 | 27 83/2 541 |2 87 | 4922 4 opg 2892 01 92/34 77 | 27 82 3 11 | 4941 6 Sta. No. | Cast} Wire | N THERMOMETERS 99 _| No. | Angle | Bottles Used 1s Pemiets 83 | Consec. Sta. No. 30 SURFACE OBSERVATIONS NODC REF. ST NO. POSITION SONIC ATION MO. DEPTH 005949 0030| 04 WIND AN H EMO. GT. AIR PRESS ee | SUBSURFACE OBSERVATIONS SAMPLE Tac s%o ot ZAD Ozmi/I Ve IL. DEPTH (M) y y vy vy vy y STD 0000 29 57/36 24 22 82/0 000 2) 70 5063 7 oBg 0000 29 57|36 24 22 (32 3 7/@ 5063 7 STD 0010 28 96/36 29 23 07/0 049 4 16 5060 2 OBg 0010 28 96 |36 29 DS) OF hy 1G 5060 2 STD 0020 28 72/36 28 23 14/0 097 4 14 5059 1 OBg 0020 28 72/36 28 23 14 fy ade 5059 1 STD 0030 28 26/36 33 23 33/0 144 4 28 5056 6 OBS 0030 28 26/36 33 23 33 4 28 5056 6 STD 0050 27 82|36 29 23 44/0 234 4 30 5054 4 OBS 0050 27 05436 29 23 69% 4 30 5048 8* STD 0075 DY 27 IGG is) 23 50/0 345 3 38 5051 4 oBg 0075 20 2mI36 9 13 23 50 3 38 5051 4 STD 0100 24 20/35 99 24 35/0 446 2 93 5028 5 oBg 0100 24 20/35 99 24 35 2 93 5028 5 STD 0150 19 15/35 59 25 45 |0 601 1 7 4986 0 OBg 0150 19 15/35 59 25 45 1 Ov 4986 0 STD 0200 16 B7\/35 56 26 06/0 717 0 52 4963 8 OBS 0200 16 57/35 56 26 06 0 52 4963 8 STD 0250 15 03/35 57 26 4210 809 0 45 4951 0 OBg 0250 15 03/35 57 26 42 0 45 4951 0 STD 0300 14 53/35 60 26 55/0 891 0 42 4948 8 OBS 0300 14 53/35 60 26 55 0 42 4948 8 OBS 0399 13) AZ SS By 26 83 0 36 4939 5 STD 0400 1) IIS 7 26 8311 037 0 36 4939 4 OBg 0498 12 09/35 58 27 04 0 35 4933 8 STD 0500 12 08/35 58 27 04/1 162 0 35 4933 8 OBS 0598 In) AY sG- G7 Dy 15 0 36 4932 6 STD 0600 11 46/35 57 27 US|. 2vS 0 36 4932 6 a 0698 10 89/35 55 | 27 24 0 35 | 4931 8 OBS 0736 10 63/35 54 2 2 0 43 4931 0 Sta. No. [ Cast] Wire | Nansen 30 No. ental Bottles Protected Unprotected einen ia ari a 84 UNCORRECTED *SUO!}DJs OE au4 4o} DYDP 214doiB0unas0 JO UOLJD|NGD4 D suIDjUOD y Xipuaddy *painspaw aiamsaAn) Bulsayyoos daap jo yidap puo Adueindsud1| * pajuasaid asp saaind Aytuy}ps ainyoiadway pud ‘sydoi6 UOL{NGIAYSIP |DIIYIBA peyoeajas tA44120|8A punos pud ‘uaBAxo panjossip jo uolyDinjos aBpjuadsiad ‘uaBAxo panjossip *(4-DwB 1s) Ajisuap *Asut|Ds ‘ainjosadwiay jo sajtjoid Uoljngiiysip [P2149 * passnosip si UDG UDIPU] Jo AydDiBo -UD39O) *pepnjoul 31D SalfUl|DS puo sounyosadwo4 BODJINS DBS PPY *JoVS Nol °F Jo0Z No Wy puo ‘udipiiew 3,84 ays “|9||40d SoZE ays Buo| =D UarxDy 318M $U01 404s ‘DI|DaysNy JO 4saQQ Bulyinys “196| Ul 2424DjUW Wo1y aBDAOA UsN4a4 D Bulinp GNIMLSV3 DDDSN 4q 42920 UO!pU] aYy4 Uy UA>D4 suoljpys 914douBouna20 QE 4O S4jNSe4 SUID}UO> Lyl-¥l ONVIDOAVN * 4ajssaiy “7s M oun * “1961 U! 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