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GENEAL-OGY
COL.L-&CTION
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3 1833 00729 9438
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OLD PEMBROKE FAMILIES.
Old Pembroke Fantilies
IN THE ANCIENT
County Palatine of Pembroke.
(tompilcb
r//V PART FROM THE FLOYD MSS.) BY
HENRY OWEN, D.C.L. Oxon., F.S.A.
Editor of Owe7i's Pembrokeshire ;
Author of Gerald the Welshman, etc. ;
High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire.
LONDON :
PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR BY
CHAS. J. CLARK, 36, ESSEX STREET, STRAND. 1902.
I AM indebted to the University College of Wales for the perusal of the MS. books of the late Mr. William Floyd, now in the College Library at Aberystwyth, which have been of the greatest assistance in the com- pilation of these notes.
Mr. Flotd was a careful and laborious antiquary : his MS. collections, the result of his researches in the Public Record Office, contain a wealth of information as to the families of divers other cpunties.
H. O.
Poyston.
CONTENTS.
Barri of Manorbier
Tanored
Mortimer Cakew op Carew Castle
Cantinton
bonville
Meltn
ROBELTN
The Lords of Stackpole
Castlemartin The Wogans Malefant op Upton . The Perrots
Castle
JOCE
Harold
De la Roche
De Brian
Shirbtjrn of Angle . .
De Vale
Laugharne op St. Bride's
Owen op Orielton
Baret. Vadghan. Wiseman
Page. 1- 6 6
10-19 19-21 22
33-34 35-45 46-50 51 - 61 62
62-63 63-64 65-66 67-80 81-84 85-90 91-96 97-103 104-116 117-120
(^am of (TUanorBut*
The most illustrious member of this distinguished house says, in his Itinerary of Wales, that his family took their name from Barry Island in Glamorganshire, which they once owned.' The first of the race who appears in this County was Odo de Barri, who, the records tell us, was dead in 1181.^ He came with the conquerors of what was to be the County Palatine of Pembroke, and received the lands of Manorbier for his share of the spoil. His son William, who took an active part in making local history, and who died before 1166,' was twice married. By his first wife he had a son, Walter, who was killed in Wales, and by his second, Angharad, daughter of Gerald de Windsor by the famous Nesta, daughter of the Lord Ehys, three sons, Robert, Philip, and Gerald. This last alliance connected the De Barris not only with the power- ful family of the Fitz Geralds, but also with the princes of the Welsh blood. Gerald, the youngest son, was born at Manorbier about 1147. After his active and troublous life he returned in his old age to his birth-place, which he has proclaimed to be the fairest spot in all Wales.* It has of late been proposed to set up monuments to various Welsh
Barri of Manorbier.
marauders, but it has occui-red to no one to perpetuate the fame of the man who did more for Wales than anyone in mediaeval times.
Gerald's brothers were soldiers. There was in those days no alternative for the sons of noble houses, except the mail coat or the cowl. Many Pembrokeshire families took part in the conquest of Ireland in the reign of Henry II, and left their traces in such names as Carew, Prender- gast, Roche, Castlemartin, Stackpole, Stainton, Beneger, Bosher, Meyler, Canton, Poer, Harold and Wogan. The list could be prolonged.
Philip de Barri, the son and successor of William, for his services in an expedition in 1177, was granted by his uncle, Eobert Pitz Stephen (a son of Nesta by Stejjhen, Constable of Cardigan), lands in Olethan' (County Cork) and elsewhere, which long remained with his descendants, who became Lords Barry, Viscounts Buttevant, and Earls of Barrymore. Philip was a witness to Eobert Fitz Elidor's grant of TrefduauF (St. Edi-en's) to St. David's ; he married a daughter of Richard Fitz Tancred,* senes- chal of Haverf ord,' and left three sons : William, his heir ; Robert, who also warred in Ireland ; and Philip, who succeeded his famous uncle as Ai'chdeacon of Brecon. This William may have been the William de Barri who, about 1219, granted certain lands in Gower to the monks of Neath," but he was certainly the William who in 1207" obtained a confirmation from the King of the grant from Robert Fitz Stephen to his father, and who in 1213" was one of his Commissioners appointed to assess the damage done to the clergy of the diocese of St. David's during the interdict which had lasted from 1208 until that year.
* See at the end of this article.
Barri of Manorbier.
The successor of William was David, who was a wit- ness to Earl Walter Mai-shal's charter to Gilbert de Vale (1243-5)." A David de Barri in 1247 held four knight's fees at Pembroke, which, in the division of the inlieritance of the Mareschals (or Marshalls) Earls of Pembroke, were assigned to Joan de Munchensy, and a David de Barri was Judiciary of Ireland in 1267;^^ these were prob- ably father and son, and they both seem to have been lords of Olethan as well as of Manorbier. John, the son of (the last-named) David, in 1301 granted the advowson of Penally to Acornbury Priory," an Austin nunnery in Here- fordshire, and that of Manorbier to the Priory of Monk- ton. His wife's name was Beatrice, and he had two brothers, David and Richard, of whom the former died before him, leaving a son also called David. The grant to Acornbury may be accounted for by the fact that Ann de Barri, his daughter, was prioress of that nunnery.'* There are three charters by John de Barri in the car- tulary of St. David's'" with reference to his grant of St. Dogwells to Richard Simond; in two he is styled "John son-and-heir of David de Barri," and in the third "John de Barri of Manorbier". The first is without date, the second is dated at Manorbier in 1273, and the third (to which a WiUiam de Barri is a witness), is dated at Pembroke in 1299.
He granted in 1800 the manor of St. Dogmell to Richard Simond (who is described in the earlier charters as Clericus and afterwards as Miles), which manor was held by de Barri of the bishop ; John afterwards enlarged the grant with permission to alienate. Sir Richard Simond in 1329 granted the manor to St. David's on condition that two chaplains should say daily prayers before the altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, for the bodily health of himself and
Barri of Manorbier.
his wife Eleanor, while they lived, and for their souls* health cmn ab hoc seculo migraverint.^"
Eichard Siinond was a witness to the Countess Joanna's charter to Monkton in 1299, and to Earl Aymer's charter to the same in 1302, and to that Earl's confirmation to Slebech in 1323.^' In the next year he held at Kingsdown (Kingston ?) of the Earl land by a yearly rent of 6d.,^' and tliei'e was a fine between him and William Beneger, of I'embroke, for a messuage and sixty acres of land at Aylwardston (AUeston)." In 1325 he was appointed seneschal of Pembroke, removed by Eoger de Mortimer and restored on his fall. Richard and Eleanor were still holding the land at Alleston for life in IBS-i." Walter Simond was a juror at Pembroke in 1327, and William Simond in 1378, but whether they were connected with Sir Eichard does not appear.
In 1324 John de Barri was seised of five knight's fees at Manorbier of the value of 100 marks. It is probably of this John that there is the effigy in Manorbier church;^' he was a witness to the Angle charter of 1298."
Shortly before that date he by two fines passed his lands in Ireland to his nephew David," who, upon his uncle's death, claimed the lordship of Manorbier against Eichard, who had married Beatrice, daughter of Nicholas de Carew. The proceedings are extant in this the earliest recorded instance of a Pembrokeshire law-suit. David's complaint was that John de Barri had granted the lordship in fee to his brother David, reserving to himself a life interest, and upon David's death, being then only a life tenant, had re- granted it to his brother Eichard. The contention was at its height in 1327. Edward II had just died, leaving the kingdom in confusion, and the Earldom of Pembroke was in the hands of the Crown owing to the minority of the
Band of Manorbier.
heir, Lawrence Hastings. David took possession of the lordship by force, in defiance of the injunction of Roger de Mortimer,t Justiciary of Wales, who then, in concert with the Queen Isabella, governed England at his pleasure, but he was expelled by Thomas de Hampton, Seneschal of Pembroke, who seized the lands on behalf of the Crown. The next step was taken by Richard, who indicted two local men of note, William Crespyng and Stephen Perrot, for conspiring with David; the jury found them both guilty (Perrot appeared in court and then departed in contempt), they were imprisoned and had to give bonds in large sums for their release." Tn 1330 Edward III took the government into his own hands, hanged Roger de Mortimer, and shut Queen Isabella up in prison. David then sent a petition to the King, in which he sets forth that he had been wrongfully accused by the deceased Roger of having been a partizan of Edmund Earl of Kent, uncle of the King, who had been executed for one of the many conspiracies of the time. An inquisition in 1331 found that the facts were as stated by David f the leaders of Richard's party, William de Carew, Owen ap Owen, and Thomas de Carew, were in their turn indicted for the share they had taken in deforcing David, and the bonds given by Crespyng and Perrot were ordered to be can- celled.'" The triumph of David was short-lived. He was supported by the family de la Roche, and the whole of the county palatine was divided into two factions ; as either got the upper hand they packed the juries with their adherents (it has been done since) and obtained verdicts at their desire.
The house of Carew, with which, as above stated, Richard was connected by marriage — and there is reason t See at tlie end of this article.
Barri of Manorbier.
to believe that Manorbier was settled upon him at the time of his marriage''— was far and away the most powerful family under the Earls, and in the result Richard remained in possession of Manorbier until his death in 1335. He was succeeded by his daughter Avice, who married Owen ap Owen. She survived her husband, and died on the 15th August 1358, seised of the lordships of Manorbier and Penally (of the value of £30) held of the Earldom, and of Begelly (of the value of £10) held of the barony of Carew.'' An inquisition in 1331 states that the two former lord- ships were of the value of £100, and that Jameston and Newton were members of Manorbier."' In 1247 and 1323 the number of knight's fees held by De Barri (five of which George Owen says when held of the Earldom of Pembroke constituted a barony and contained 3,200 acres^") is given as five, but in 1331 as three. The heir of Avice was David, the son of the litigant. David resided wholly in Ireland, and about 1377 granted his Pembrokeshire lordships to John, Lord of Carew. This grant was con- fii'med by Henry IV in the first year of his reign, which Penton wi-ongly supposes to be the original grant."
From 1377 the name of De Barri disappears from Manorbier which, after many vicissitudes, passed through the Bowens of Trefloyne to Philipps of Picton.
The arms of the De Barris were Argent, three bars
*Tanceed. — Tancred or Tankard was castellan of Haver- ford, and was probably one of the original Flemish settlers. The name survives in Tancredston, in Brawdy parish. Gerald hints that it was owing to the favour of St. Caradoc (whose body Tancred tried to detain within the lordship of Haverford) that Richard Fitz Tancred outlived his elder
Barri of Manorbier.
brothers and succeeded to the inheritance. "'" Although he resisted some of Gerald's high-handed measures, both he and his son Robert were donors to Slebech. The church of Garlandstone, given bj the former, may have been a destroyed church in Skomar Island (which was in the lord- ship), where the name is still preserved. Richard was granted two fees of the episcopal barony by bishop David Fitz Gerald. Robert, the son of Richard, does not seem to have been the villain mentioned by Gerald," for our Robert was the founder of Haverford Priory, and was em- ployed in important matters by the king. In 1195 he re- ceived from Richard I £213 6s. 8d. for the king's business;" in 1207 he obtained a confirmation of the privileges of himself and his ancestors in the Port of Milford, and of a market in Haverford f in the following year he found the Welsh mariners for the king's expedition to Ireland,^" and was given the custody of the Castle of Cardigan." In 1204 Richard Mangonel, and Walter, son of Cadivor, claimed to oust Richard from Haverford,'' but failed, as Robert con- tinued at Haverford until his death in 1213, when William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, re-claimed the lordship as held of his fee."
t MoETiMEE. — This would seem to be Roger de Mortimer, the first Earl of March, afterwards Chief Justiciar of all Wales in 1327, but his uncle, Roger de Mortimer of Chu-k, also held that office and was involved in the same disgrace; he died in the Tower of London in 1336. Roger of Chirk, as Justiciar of Wales, was a witness to the grant of Llan- rhystyd in 1309 to St. David's by Sir Gruffydd Lloyd,'" and in 1312 he held the enquiry preliminary to the consent of the king to the appropriation of Llanliowel and Llandeloy to the Wogan chantry in that cathedral." A Ralph de
Barj'i of Manorbier.
Mortimer was a witness of the confirmation to Pill Priory by Earl William Marshal, who died in 1219." Walter, the son of Earl William, in 1240 seized the lands which Cynan ap Howel held in the honour of Carmarthen ;" it is probable that it was at this time that Narberth, which was held of the prince at Carmarthen, was granted to the Mortimers, as in 1282 we find that another Roger de Mortimer held Narberth of the king in cajjite by military service to Car- marthen.** This Roger was the son of Henry, the son of Henry de Mortimer.*' The Bishop and Chapter of St. David's granted to him lands in Lysprawst (afterwards New- house and Red Castle in Newton North) and Isheglyn" (the Penglyn divides Newton North from Minwere), and he was present at the Stackpole Crespyng fine in 1268; and a little later, by a charter, wherein he is described as Sir Roger de Mortimer, son of Sir Henry de Mortimer, he granted to Thomas de la Roche lands at Pill Rodal.*" He was a witness, not then being a knight, to William de Cantinton's grant to St. Dogmael's and to Nicholas Fitz Martin's confirmation thereof. Ralph, the son of Gosselin, released to him six acres of land at Llandewi in the commot of Wilfrey (Velfrey) with the patronage of the church. Maud de Mortimer released to Roger, son of Henry, all her lands in West Wales which she had in dower from her husband, Roger de Mortimer of Wigmore, father of Roger of Chirk, and grandfather of Roger, Earl of March. This Roger of Wigmore died in 1282 ; in 1248 he had livery of the share of his wife (who held jointly with Eva, wife of William de Cantilupe, and Eleanor, wife of Humfrey de Bohun) in inter alia the castle and town of Haverford. Maud was the daughter of William de Braose and of Eva Marshall, sister and co-heiress of the last Marshall, Earl of Pembroke. Llewellin, the son of
Barri of Manorbier.
Roger de Mortimer (of Chirk?), granted to Roger de Mortimer, lord of Narberth, all his lands at Nouvelle Maison (New House) and elsewhere."
Fenton, who mixes up the various Rogers, says that the lordship of Narberth afterwards passed to the Earls of March.^' In the Campbell Charters there is an account of the receipt by David Osmond, for Lord Roger de Mortimer, lord of Narberth (apparently the younger son of Roger fourth Earl of March), of rents at Narberth town, Cananyston, Robertson (Robeston Wathen) , Castle Durant (Castell Dwyran), Templeton, Morlaston (Molleston), Lanwkuthan (Llanycefn?), Narberth Forest, Wilfrey, St. Clears, Amgorda (?), and Nova Domus (Newhouse)." Fenton also states that the lordship was originally granted by Arnulf de Montgomery to Stephen Perrot, but it was at one time held by Henry, son of Nesta and Henry I." A William of Narberth confirmed the gift of the church of Amroth to Slebech."
Catm of Cateio CaBtU.
Op all the families who held under the Earls of Pembroke this is in many ways the most distinguished. Few in the Kingdom can be traced with so much distinctness during the whole of its long career, and the home of the race, built by its Norman founder, has remained to the present day (with one short interval) in the possession of his descendants. It is also remarkable for the number of noble families which branched off from it. From Carew Castle came (among others) the Fitz Geralds, the foremost among the conquerors of Irelaiad, the elder branch of whom became Earls of Kildare and Dukes of Leinster; tlie Fitz Maurices, Earls of Kerry and Marquises of Lans- downe ; the Graces, Barons of Courtstown, and the Gerrards, Lords Gerrard. All these settled in Ireland, and furnish an interesting example of the origin of family names. From William, the brother of Gerald, founder of the house of Carew, came the Lords Windsor and the Earls of Plymouth.
The representatives of the family who remained in this county soon adopted the territorial^ title of De Carew,
Carezv, of Carew Castle.
although thej are occasionally called in the records De Windsor, from the earlier home. From an early date they had held lands in the West of England, and their posses- sions there were, later, much increased by marriages with heiresses when they made their English home their Ijrincipal residence. From Carew Castle came many of the Carews and Careys who rose to fame and fortune in Devon, Cornwall, and Somerset, and it may be noted that the distinguished General of Pembrokeshire descent, spells his name Vole, Carew, but pronounces it Voole Carey, or rather did so until a regretable incident in 1879 made the name Carey distasteful to him. Another form of the name is Carrow, once familiar in South Pembrokeshire, and still happily represented in the county. Eichard Carew, the Elizabethan historian of Cornwall, says : —
•' Carew, of ancient, Carru was. And Carru is a plough ; Roman's the trade. Frenchmen the word, I do the name avow." '
But however this may be as to some bearers of the name, the historian himself drew his name from our Carew, which is certainly Welsh and not French, and most probably means Caerau, the camps, still presei-ved in the local pronunciation of Carey Castle. "Another learned Carew was also in error as to his origin ; George, Earl of Totness, has left in his handwriting, among the Carew MSS.,^ a pedigree tracing the family from Adam de Mont- gomery, which is recorded at the Heralds' College, but the charter of King John mentioned below shows that it is as fictitious as those of the bards, or of the late Sir Bernard Bui-ke.
There is a fable that among the numerous foreigners at the Coiu-t of Edward the Confessor was a certain Dominus
Carezv, of Carew Castle.
Other, said to have come from Florence, who had a son, Walter Fitz Other, who held the important post of Castellan of Windsor, and who had two sons by a Welsh wife, William, the progenitor of the De Windsors, as above stated, and Gerald, who came to Pembroke with the first Norman invaders under Arnulph de Montgomery, in the reign of William Eufus.
Gerald was made Castellan of Pembroke by Ai-nulph, but on the disgrace of the latter in 1102 for his rebellion in favour of the King's brother, Robert, he was replaced by one Saer. However, two years later he was reinstated by Henry I.' This was doubtless owing to his having married the mistress of that King, Nesta, the Welsh princess, who has been styled the "Helen of Wales". Nesta brought him as her dower Carew, and lands in Emlyn, and Henry granted him the lordship of Moulsford, in Berks, which long remained with the family of Carew. Gerald built a castle at Carew, but whether that is the same as the Castle of Little Cenarth, from which Owen ap Cadwgan stole Nesta and her children is not certain.^ Gerald spent his life in fighting the Welsh ; the date of his death is not known. He had three sons : William, who took the name of De Carew ; Maurice, who called himself Fitz Gerald, and was the forefather of the great Geraldine race in Ireland ; and David, who became Bishop of St. David's, and died in 1177 ; he had also a daughter, Angharad, who, as stated above,' married William de Barri, of Manorbier.
WiUiam de Carew married Katherine, a daughter of Sir Adam de Kingsley, in Cheshire, and, notwithstanding his Welsh blood, he spent most of his life in fighting the Welsh, as his father did before him. In 1135 he was defeated by them near Cardigan ;" in 1147 he took from
Careiv, of Carctv Castle.
them the Castle of Carmarthen, then held by Meredith ap Griffith, and in the year following that of Wiston, which was a place of great importance in those days, and suffered for it by being repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt. After this it is curious to read that when the Welsh, in 1152, captured Tenby Castle, they handed it over to William f so perhaps the Welsh blood counted for something after all. William confirmed the grant by Jordan de Cantinton,* a well-known man in North Pembrokeshire, of the church of Castellan in Emlyn to the Preceptory of Slebech," and died in 1173, leaving three sons: Other, who succeeded to Carew; Raymond, "the bravest and wisest of the con- querors of Ireland"; and William, who also settled in Ireland. Another son, Gerald, had been killed at Camrose by the men of Roose, upon whom his family took dire vengeance."
Other married Margaret, daughter of Richard Fitz Tancred, Castellan of Haverford.'" Fenton tells us that there were few men of rank among the Flemish settlers," but we find the son of one of these settlers allied by marriage with the two great Norman houses of Carew and Manorbier. Other, soon after his father's death, got into trouble with the Welsh, who took from him his castle of Emlyn, but he obtained from Henry II the manor of Bampton, co. Oxon., so long as the Welsh held Emlyn.'- He began the long connection of the Carews with Devon, by acquiring Brunton in that county," and he confirmed his father's gift of the vill of Redberth to Slebech. He was a witness to the grant of Trefduauk (St. Edrens) to St. David's by Robert Fitz Elidor." He died about 1204, leaving as his successor his son William, who was enf in, or accused of, rebellion against King John. * See at the end of this article.
'3
Carew, of Careiv Castle.
in 1207 William had to pay forty marks of gold for a charter from that king, confirming to him the manor of Moulsford, which charter sets out his descent as above stated ;" and in 1212 he was restored to his house at Carrio (Carew), and the other lands which he held on the day upon which the king embarked for Ireland from Pembroke two years before.'" William died soon afterwards, and after some minorities was succeeded by his son Eichard, whose wife's name was Scholastica, and whose brother and son were successively bishops of St. David's {i.e., Thomas Wallensis in 1248 and Eichard de Carew in 1256). This is evident from a charter of the last named," although it is not so stated in the history books. Besides the bishop who made his mark on the history of St. David's, Eichard had an elder son, William, lord of Carew, who in 1247 held five knight's fees in Pembroke, which in the Mareschal division were assigned, like Manorbier, to Joan de Munchensy."
Eichard's son, Sir Nicholas de Carew, was a man of mark ; of his local influence we have had evidence at p. 5 above. In 1298 he was a witness to the charter of Philip of Angle to William de la Eoche.'' In 1301 he signed the famous letter of the parliament of Lincoln to the Pope, asserting the feudal dependence of Scotland on the English crown, not as lord of Carew, where he was a tenant of the Earl of Pembroke, but as lord of Moulsford,"" and in the same year was summoned by Edward I to the host against the Scots." He bore as arms the famous black lions passant of the Carews, and he died in 1311, having in his lifetime granted his lands in Carlow, Ireland, to his son John,'-'' who in 1317 was ordered by writ of military summons to go to Ireland to defend those lands from Edward Bruce, the brother of the more famous Eobert,
Caretv, of Caretv Castle.
who, after Bannockburn, liacl ovei--ruii nearly the whole of that country. Beatrice, the sister of John, had, as stated p. 4 above, married Eichard de Barri, and brought him Begelly as her dowry. John de Carew died in 1324" and — his son Nicholas dying a few months afterwards — was succeeded by his brother Thomas, of whom the only fact recorded is that when in 1332 he was indicted for taking away from Manorbier the goods of David de Barri during the great law-suit, he refused to appear on the ground that the writ against him was not sealed with the proper seal.^* Unhappily, we are not told whether this defence was admitted, apparently it was.
It is not quite clear whether Sir John de Carew, the next lord, was the son of Thomas or his nephew, probably the latter. He was lord deputy of Ireland in the reign of Edward III, and had large possessions in Devon which had devolved upon him through the marriages of his ancestors with the heiresses of the Peverels and the Mohuns. He held at Carew in 1348 five knight's fees worth 100 marks, and among his advowsons, that of St. Bride's, taxed at 16 marks. He also held a canonry in the Collegiate Church of Llanddewi Brefi, with the prebend of Dihewid, of the value of 10 marks. Good Bishop Beck had founded this church in 1287, as a place of spiritual joy, with advowsons of Cardigan churches, which Edward I had confiscated and given to him, but the prebends soon got into lay hands, and were treated as sinecures. Sir John died in 1362, leaving a widow Elizabeth (apparently his second wife), who had the manor of Lawrenny as part of her dower."'
His son Leonard survived his father seven years, and died in Gascony in the suite of the Earl of Pembroke, leaving a son Thomas, then aged two years. This Thomas
Carew, of Carew Castle.
lived to what was in those days a ripe old age, and died in 1431. Like his father he was a warrior; in 1416 he was serving in France, and in the next year was ordered by the Privy Council to prosecute the war at sea. He married Elizabeth, ^"^ daughter of Sir John Bonville,t a west country family, who held lands in Pembrokeshire and gave their name to Bonville's Court. In 1404 the sum of £200 was ordered by the Council to be paid to him for the wages of men at arms to guard the castles of Carmarthen and Emlyn, and his account for the custody of Narberth castle is extant, shewing that he paid £90 10s. IQd. as wages to ten men at arms and fifty archers, from the 1st November 1402, to the 24th April 1404."
Nicholas, the son of Thomas, married Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir Hugh Courtenay, of Haccombe, co. Devon. He died in 1447, leaving four sons : Thomas ; Nicholas of Haccombe, the ancestor of the Carew baronets ; Alexander of Anthony, from whom came Richard Carew, the antiquary, and the family of Pole-Carew ; and William, the ancestor of the present owner of Carew.
Notwithstanding their vast possessions and their judi- cious marriages, the Carews soon after this time fell, through improvidence, upon evil days. Edmund, the grandson of the last mentioned Thomas, mortgaged Carew castle to Sir Rhys ap Thomas," who held there the famous Tom-nament of St. George in 1607. On the attainder in 1531 of Rhys ap Griffith, the grandson and heir of Sir Rhys, who had foreclosed the mortgage, it was forfeited to the Crown. Edmund Carew went to the wars, and was killed in France. He left two sons : William, the father of Sir Peter Carew (frequently called Carrow in the State Papers), who tried to retrieve the fallen fortunes of the
t See at the end of this article.
Carew, of Carezv Castle.
house by recovering the ancient possessions of the Carews in Ireland, which had passed from them for two centuries, and died there in 1575 ;"' and Geoi'ge, the father of George, Lord Carew and Earl of Totness, who succeeded to his cousin's unlawful heritage. He was a friend and con- temporary of George Owen,"" and was himself a considerable antiquary, as his collection, which is notv at Lambeth Palace, most amply testifies.
Carew castle was granted by Queen Mary to Sir John Perrot, and it is to him and to Sir Rhys ap Thomas, the mortgagee of Carew, that we owe much of the beautiful buildings whose ruins are so well-known to us. After Perrot's attainder, Carew was granted to different persons on different tenures until, in the reign of James I, the old family came back. Thomas Carew, the great-grandson of William, the son of Nicholas, had married Elizabeth the daughter and heiress of Hugh Biccombe of Crowcombe, in Somerset, and their son, Sir John, was able to buy up certain outstanding interests and to obtain a grant in fee from the Crown. Sir John Carew died in 1637. During his lifetime he erected a magnificent monument to himself, his wife, and family, in Carew church. J He does not seem to have lived at Carew much, for it appears by the churchwardens' accounts of the parish, which date from 1619, that at that date, and during Sir John's life, the castle and demesnes were in the occupation of Sir John Phillipps of Picton, and of his son Sir Richard ; but from 1667 to 1676 they were held by his son George. Sir John Carew held in his own hands Siimmerton, Cotchland, Rickeston and Radford ; he was sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1623.
X See at the end of this article. I?
Carew, of Carew Castle.
His son George was sheriff in 1640, and was the last Carew who lived there, for in 1643 the castle, which was held for the king in the Civil Wars, and was even then a place of great strength, was surrendered "upon quarter" and dismantled." John, the son of George, died without issue, and Carew went to the descendants of his (George's) elder brother, Thomas Carew, of Crowcombe, in whom it remained until Mary Carew, in 1794, married George Henry Warrington, who took the name of Carew. His grandson. Colonel Carew, who died in 1874, left a son, who died without issue, and a daughter, Ethel Mary Carew, the present owner, and the lineal descendant of Gerald Fitz Walter ; she married the Hon. R. C. TroUope.
Of the extent of the Carew possessions in the county we can form some idea from the list of the places in which they held lands, given in the inquisitions held on the deaths of Sir John Carew in 1362,'" and of Sir Nicholas Carew in 1447." In each case it is stated that the barony of Carew was held by the service of five knight's fees of the Earl of Pembroke, and that twelve fees were held of the barony by military service. The places mentioned in the first inquisition are Carru (Carew), Knyghteston (Knightston), Begelly, Louelleston (Loveston), Jeffryston, Wydoloc (Wedlock), Coetkellas (Coedcanlas), Martheltewy (Marteltwy), Milton and Oketon (Upton), Church ton and Lantegonet (Llandigwynnet), Pistanernaw (Poyerston), Sageston, Williamston Harvill (West Williamston), Gold- smith's Angle, and Gonnfreiston (Gumf reston) . In the latter inquisition we find possessions at Pembroke, Tenby, Walwyn's Castle, Grove by Pembroke, Williamston Eluard (East Williamston), and Angle, where William de Carew, a younger brother of the last-mentioned Sir John, had held lands of the Shirburnes, which afterwards reverted to
Carcw, of Carew Castle.
the main branch ; we also learn that Sir Nicholas paid twenty-eight shillings yearly for the ward of the tower in the north-east part of the town of Pembroke, called Carew's Tower, and that John Holland, Earl of Hunt- ingdon (afterwards Duke of Exeter), lord of Manorbier, held three fees of him in Loveston, Begelly and Carew.
The arms of the Carews were — Or, three lions passant sahle.
* Cantinton. — The name, spelt in various ways, from Cantinton to Caunton, survives in the Pembrokeshire family name of Canton ; the family held largely in the north of the present county. In 1131, Jordan the son of Aylwin (presumably a Fleming) owed two marks for the land of his grandfather." This may have been the Jordan de Cantinton who some twenty years later granted, with the consent of William Fitz Gerald, the church of Castellan in Emlyn to Slebech. Raymond de Cantington was one of the companions of Strongbow, and died in 1185 ;'' he had grants of land in Cork and Wexford, and founded yet another Pembrokeshii-e family in Ireland. Griffith, Lord Canton, and Cecilia de Barri, his wife (with the assistance of other Pembrokeshire settlers in Ireland) , founded at the end of the 14th century the priory of Glascarrig in co. Wexford, as a daughter house to St. Dogmael's:^" the Irish Cantons afterwards, like some of the other degenerate settlers, took an Ii-ish name, and called themselves Mac Medock, afterwards corrupted into Maddock." The Golden Grove Booh gives a pedigree of the Cantintons, beginning with Sir William Cantington, Lord of Eglwyswrw, "a Norman born", who married Gladys, a daughter of the Lord Rhys, and died at Trewilym in Eglwyswrw in 1166, it also states that Griffith Cantington, sixth in descent from
Caretv, of Carew Castle.
Sir William, sold the lordship of Bglwyswrw to Eobert Martin, whom the writer in the Archceologia Camhrensis" calls lord of Kemes ; but the only Eobert Martin, Lord of Kemes, was a contemporary of Sir William Cantington. There was a William de Cantington, but of a much later date, as we find from some interesting legal proceedings. Cyneurig, the son of Madoc, had obtained a charter from Adam de la Roche of a carucate of land at Ffenongey (Ff ynnongay) ; he pledged the land and the charter to Richard Goodwyn, a burgess of Haverford, for eight marks, and went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. William de Cantington bought Goodwyn's rights, took possession of the land, and wac succeeded therein by his son Jordan de Can- tington; but in 1246 Eva and Amabilia, the daughters of Cyneurig, who was then dead, sued Jordan for the land, and he, after a short contest, gave it up to them.^' This Jordan was a witness to two charters of Nicholas Pitz Martin, Lord of Kemes,'" and the agreement for an interchange of land between him and Nicholas is extant.'" Fenton says that Fishguard was granted by Martin de Tours to Jordan de Cantington, and by him, after his ill government thereof, to St. Dogmael's Abbey." There is no trace of any Jordan de Cantington contemporary with Martin, and the donation to St. Dogmael was by William the son of Jordan.*' The grant states that William de Cantington, son and heir of Jordan de Cantington, gives to the monastery of St. Mary and St. Dogmael in Kemes all his lands at Fisgard on both sides of the water of Gwayn ; the charter is not dated, but two of the witnesses are William de Boleville, seneschal, and Tankard de Hospital, sheriff, of Pembroke ; they held these offices in 1268." In 1355 Griffith de Cantington was archdeacon of Cardigan, and was succeeded by a Philip and a Richard de Canting-
Caretv, of Carew Castle.
ton. Griffith de Cautington was also appointed arch- deacon of Carmarthen a few years earlier. He is the Griffith who, the Golden Grove Book says, sold Eglwyswrw to Robert Martin.
In 1337, he appointed Jordan ap Griffith his attorney, to give Eobert Martin, lord of Eglwyswrw, seisin of 14 acres of land in Clunperveth ; he is called in the document archdeacon of Carmarthen, and it was signed at Trewilym, the family seat.** Griffith was a great benefactor to holy church. In 1332 there was an enquuy whether it would be to the damage of the king or any other person if Griffith granted to Bishop Gower, to enable him to pay £10 yearly to his chaplains to perform divine service in his hospital of St. David at Swansea, the manors of Clement- ston (Treglemais) , Nantgone, and Lettardiston (Letterston) , and other tenements ; it was found that it would not, and that the lands in question were held of the bishop and were of the yearly value of £11 ; it was also found that there remained with Griffith and William, his co-parcener, the manor of Trefnogh in Pebediog, held of the bishop, and of Nantgwyn, in Kemes, held of James Lord Audley, and that these manors were worth 100s. yearly.*' The Golden Grove Book makes Griffith to have had a son, John Cantington, which was not appropriate to an archdeacon of those days, and this John had a son Howell, who held in Bayvill in 1370.^° Howell, according to the Golden Grove Book, had a son Philip, who married Elizabeth Broughton, of Llangwarren. and had a daughter and heiress Elizabeth, who married Thomas Eees David. Lewys Dwnn" speaks of a Gwenllian as sole heiress of Su- William Cantington, but the pedigree which he gives is impossible.
Carew, of Carew Castle.
t BoNviLLE. — The de Bonvilles held large possessions in the West Country.^" The first we hear of in Pembroke- shire was William de Bonville, who had obtained a grant of a Carmarthenshire manor from Edward I when Prince of Wales ; he was seneschal of Pembroke in 1272.*" In 1274 there was a fine between him (therein called Sir William de Bolville, whence BuUwell, in Pwllcrochan) and Thomas de la Eoche, of lands at Westfield, in Rose- market;" and in 1275 he had to accotint for the lordship of Haverford, which was entrusted to his care upon its surren- der by Humphrey de Bohun to Queen Eleanor." He was succeeded by a son and grandson of the name of Nicholas. The latter held in 1315 half a fee of the Earl at Merian (Merrion), and in 1324 one-tenth of a fee in Coedrath ; in 1362 Joanna, his widow, held half a fee at Gumfreston, of John de Carew."" William, the son of Nicholas, by his settlement, gave the manor of Jeffreyston to his son Hugh, until he was provided with a suitable ecclesiastical bene- fice, and then to another son, Richard ;'' his eldest son was the John Bonville mentioned above. Whether the Bon- ville property in the county passed to the Carews by that marriage is not known, but there is no further trace of the Bonville name here afterwards.
X Melyn. — Fenton attributes one of the efiigies in Carew Church to a Melyn,°' but it may be of a Carew. In 1324 a John Melyn held of Aymer de Valence, with John de Porta and Alexander Probelyn, one fee and a half at Hambroth in the lordship of Haverford" (Honey- borough in Llanstadwell ?), and in 1326, one stang of land at Lamphey of the bishop."'' In 1362 John Melyn
Carew, of Carew Castle.
held one fee at (Carew) Churchton and Lanteg (Lanteague) of John de Carew, worth lOOs. In 1447 John, son of John Miln, granted to Sir Thomas Perrot a burgage in Rosemarket. Fenton also mentions a Roger Melyn. The family of Miles of Meline, mentioned by Lewys Dwnn, does not appear to have any connection with these Melyns.
RoBELTN. — The Robelyns gave their name to Roblinston in Camrose parish. The Alexander mentioned in the Melyn note above, held also in the same year certain parts of a fee at Robelingston. He seems to have died in that year ; for in the next we have an account of his lands at Roblinston, and at Great and Little Hamborth, his heir being a minor." Joan, the heiress of the house, married John ap Owen, whence came the Bowens of Camrose." An Adam Robelyn (mis-called, in Jones and Freeman's History of St. David's, Rokelyn) was archdeacon of St. David's in 1366. According to Lewys Dwnn," William Robelyn of Kestington (Keeston) married Eleanor, daughter of Sir Walter Malefant. Another branch of the Robelyns held lands at Cosheston. We first hear of them in 1246. William Robelyn, who died in 1349, held at Cosheston of the Earl by military service and suit at the court of the Castle gate at Pembroke ;"' also of Sir John de Carew three bovates of land at Le Thorn, in Cosheston ; the marriage of his heir, Robert, then aged thirteen years, was worth £20, which means that the possessions of the Robelyns were of importance. Robert died in 1362, holding at Maynowiston (Cosheston ?) of the Earl, at Oggeston (Hodgeston) of Walter de la Roche, at Jameston of the Lord of Manorbier, at Williamston and Redbard
Carew, of Carew Castle.
(Redbertli) of the Master of Slebech and of Thomas de Northwode, and at Jorbardeston (Yerbeston) of John de Carew ;" his heir was his brother David, of whom John de la Roche held at Snelston (Snailston) in 1376. The last we find of the Cosheston family was Henry, who was dead in 1447.
t^t BotH of ^(ac^poit.
The earliest lords of Stackpole of whom we find any mention came of a Norman family who had styled them- selves de Stackpole, but the records are so scanty that it is not possible to say with any certainty what relationship they bore to each other. The first of whom we hear is Elidor de Stackpole, who had for his seneschal, according to Gerald, an evil spirit who spent his mghts in the pool at Stackpole mill.' Elidor founded the church of Stack- pole Elidor or Cheriton (so-called to distinguish it from Stackpole Bosher or Bosherston), and, like other founders, was afterwards held to be the patron saint ; there is no authority for Fenton's statement that he went on Arch- bishop Baldwin's crusade, or that the tomb in Stackpole church is his;'' he lived in the earlier part of the 12th century.
The successor of Elidor was his son Robert, who, between 1180 and 1190, gave to Slebech two messuages and two bovates of land in Stackpole,' and to St. Davids, for the repose of his own soul and that of Milo de Cogan, the church of Trefduant (St. Edryn's).* The de Stackpoles
25
The Lords of Stackpole.
e\ddently held lands in the episcopal lordship of St. David's, for Bishop Peter de Leia acknowledged by charter the rights of Elidor, brother of Robert, at Hen- drewen, which charter was confirmed by King John in 1206/ William, presumably another brother, granted to Slebech a carucate of land at Alleston, and it is worthy of note that the knights of Slebech retained their grants in a way which the Bishops of St. David's would have done well to follow. For example, Gerald accuses Bishop Peter afore- said with having sold lands of the see at Burton to Philip, another brother of Robert, for " Irish gold"." It was this Philip who joined in the Pembrokeshire invasion of Ireland in the time of Heniy II, to which reference has been made in the previous papers, and founded the well- known famOy of Stackpole in County Clare.
There is in the wi-iter's possession a print of one " Sir Richard Stackpole of Pembrokeshire," stated (although his looks belie it) to have been "highly respected in the year 1091". There is beneath the print a long and entirely inaccurate account of Sir Richard and of his descendants. Sir Richard had no existence. The print, and that of a priest of the same family, together with the genealogical details, were invented for a certain Count Stackpole, of the Irish family, who lived at Paris at the close of the 18th century.
After Elidor and his four sons we find nothing recorded of the de Stackpoles until 1247, when a Philip de Stack- pole held four knight's fees of the Earl of Pembroke, and in 1268 this Phihp (or a son of the same name) passed by a fine to Robert de Crespjoig* and Matilda his wife, for thirty marks of silver, a carucate of land in Merlynchf
* t See at the end of this article.
26
The Lords of Stackpole.
(Marledge) .'' In those days it was the custom to obtain the authority of the great men of the neighbourhood as wit- nesses to charters, which were the conveyances of the period : we find the name of Richard de Stackpole, knight, the son of Philip, a witness to three charters between 1272 and 1308. One of them was that of the Earl Aymer de Valence to Monkton Priory, and the two others were the Angle charters of 1273 and 1298; his arms were said to have been — Argent, a lion rampant gules, collared or" (these are given in the Golden Grove Book as — Argent, three mullets sable). In 1314 another Richard (his son) held a fee at Mirian Lony (the Merrion by Linney), and ten years later five fees of the Earl of the yearly value of 100 marks." In 1336 the heirs of Richard de Stackpole held of the bishop at Lamphey and Llawhaden.'" In 1336 John de Stackpole, chaplain (probably a trustee), granted to William de la Roche the yearly sum of £400, a large sum in those days, out of the manors of Bm-ton and Hodgeston, with a right of entry in default of pay- ment ; we are not told the reason of this grant, but it seems to have been some family settlement. In 1349 we find Richard de Stackpole (son of the Richard of 1314) holding the fee at Mirian Lony; he married about that year Margaret, sister of Richard Turbervill, of Coyty, in Glamorgan, and was the last of the male line of the Stack- poles of Stackpole ; for two hundred years the barony was held by the non-resident family of Vernon.
We have no particulars of the barony ; that it was extensive may be gathered from the places mentioned above. Marteltwy was held of the barony by the Carews and Frey strop by the de la Roches.
By what descent Stackpole passed to the Vernons, the pedigree books differ; but the more plausible account is
27
The Lords of Stackpole.
that Eichard de Stackpole and Margaret above mentioned had two daughters : Isabella, who married Ehys ab Gruffydd, of Llangathen, co. Carmarthen, and died with- out issue; and Johanna,'^ who then became sole heiress and brought Stackpole to the family of her husband, Sir Eichard de Vernon of Harlaston (not Hodnet, as Fentou says), CO. Stafford." Sir Eichard lived at any rate for a time at Stackpole, and in 1400 was on a commission to enquire as to the King's debtors at Pembroke," but we find no further trace of the Vernons in the local records. They had large possessions and great offices in England, and confided the management of their Pembrokeshire estates to the stewards and bailiffs. Sir Eichard's son, another Eichard, was Speaker of the Parliament at Leicester, known in history as the Bats Parliament; and this Eichard's son, William, was the last constable of England for Hfe. Henry, the son of William, was governor to Prince Arthur, son of Henry VII, and built Haddon Hall, which then became the principal seat of the Vernons.
This Henry Vernon, who trimmed with success in the Wars of the Eoses, was summoned, as lord of Stackpole, to bring troops with all speed to Eichard III to meet Henry of Eichmond, who had "landed at Nangle on Sunday last passed"." There is a letter from Jasper, Duke of Bedford and Earl of Pembroke, to Henry Vernon, which, after stating that his (Bedford's) interest in Stackpole had been examined by his counsel at Kermerdyn (Carmarthen) in the presence of Vernon, and that it had been found by an inquisition that Eichard Benet, who held Stackpole by knight's service, had died, leaving a son and heir under age, grants that Henry Vernon might take possession of Stackpole as if the said office had never been found, and
28
The Lords of Stackpole.
directs Heniy Ogan (Wogan of Wiston ?) , " steward of our said county," to give him possession." The reason alleged by Jasper for setting aside the heir was " the good and acceptable service by you done unto the king now our sovereigne lord," but there was probably a further reason that Richard Benet had been intruded into Stackpole in the changes and chances of the time.
George, the grandson of Henry, the well-known "king of the Peak", who died in 1567, was the last male of the main branch of the Vernons, lords of Haddon and of Stackpole. It was during the minority of this George that the King presented to the living of Stackpole Elidor William Latimer, the friend of Erasmus." Sir George Vernon had two daughters : Dorothy, who married Sir John Manners, from whom were descended the dukes of Rutland; and Margaret, who brought Stackpole as her dowry to Sir Thomas Stanley, second son of Edward, third Earl of Derby.
Margaret Stanley was, like her forbears, non-resident; her resident stewai-d was one George Lort, the representative of a family who had been for some time established at Knowle End, in StafEordshire. During the lifetime of Lady Stanley he changed his position at Stackpole from steward to proprietor, presumably by purchase, as he was not of kin to the Vernons. It is said that a later lord of Stackpole, when his steward complained to him that he could get nothing to grow in a certain part of the domain, suggested that he should plant a few agents, as they readily took root in Pembrokeshire soil. It is not in evidence how George Lort acquii-ed Stackpole, but he took root and his posterity remained there for generations ; in 1607 his son Roger Lort was High Sheriff of Pembrokeshire.
The Lorts reigned at Stackpole for the whole of the
29
The Lords of Stackpole.
17th century, and toot an active part in the Civil War; in Mr. Egerton Allen's valuable work on the Sheriffs of Pem- hroheshire will be found particulars of seven persons of their name and lineage who served the office of sheriff. Henry, the son of the above mentioned Roger Lort, left three sons : Roger, Sampson and John. John, the young- est son, founded the family of Lorts of Prikeston; his great grandson John Lort, sheriff in 1775, and the last of the male Kne in the county, married Dorothy Barlow of Lawrenny, and from the marriage of their daughter Eliza- beth with Dr. George Phillips of H averf ordwest came the well-known Pembrokeshire family of Loi-t Phillips. This last John Lort had a cousin Michael Lort (the son of Major Roger Lort, of the Welsh Pusiliers, killed at the battle of Fontenoy in 1745), who was a distinguished author, and be- came regius professor of Greek at Cambridge." Sampson, the second son of Henry Lort, settled at East Moor in Manorbier, and was retm-ned for the Pembroke boroughs in 1659, but never took his seat; the eldest son Roger inherited Stackpole.
Roger Lort was a remarkable man; he was the author of a book of elegant Latin epigrams which have been much commended, and in the stormy weather of the time he trimmed his sails with the skiU of the famous Vicar of Bray." In 1644 he was a royalist, and Stackpole, which was then still a castle and garrisoned by sixty men, surrendered to the Parliament. It is suggested by the learned author of Little England beyond Wales, that Roger escaped and hid himself in the cave which is still known as Lort's Hole.'' However, he thought Stackpole more to his liking than the cave, and to get back his barony he joined the Parliament ; at the Restoration he became once more a Royalist, and in 1662 was rewarded by a baronetcy. His
The Lords of Stackpole.
grandson, Sir Gilbert Lort, the third and last baronet, died without issue in 1698 ; a monument was erected to his memory in Westminster Abbey by his sister and heiress, Dame Elizabeth Campbell, but was destroyed some twenty years ago by a vandalic Dean and Chapter.
Dame Elizabeth had married Sir Alexander Campbell of Calder, otherwise Cawdor, in Nairnshire, of a junior branch of the house of Argyll, whence sprung the family of Campbell of Stackpole, afterwards Earls Cawdor and Viscounts Emlyn. Dame Elizabeth died in 1714. The present house was built round part of the old castle by her son, John Campbell, perhaps the ablest representative of an able race : he sat in Parliament for Pembrokeshire from 1727 to 1747, and was a Lord of the Admiralty and afterwards of the Treasury. He died in 1777, having sur- vived his eldest son Pryse Campbell, who was returned for Cardigan borough and made a lord of the Treasury in 1768, but died late in that year, leaving a son and heir, another John Campbell. This John Campbell was a D.C.L. of Oxford, and a Fellow of the Society of Anti- quaries ; he sat for Cardigan borough from 1780 until 1796, when he was created Baron Cawdor. He is best known to Pembrokeshire men for his able conduct in the command of the local forces, to whom a superior body of French, who had landed near Fishguard in 1797, surrendered ; the command had devolved on Lord Cawdor owing to the indis- position of Lord Milford, the Lord Lieutenant of the County. Lord Cawdor died in 1821, and was succeeded by his eldest son John Frederick, who sat for Carmarthen borough from 1813 until his succession to the title; he was a Fellow of the Eoyal Society, and was created Earl Cawdor and Viscount Emlyn in 1827. He did good service to "Wales by the active part he took in the aboli-
31
The Lords of Stackpole.
tion of the Court of Great Sessions, the evils of which are fully set out in his letter to Lord Lyndhurst in 1828. Earl Cawdor died in 1860 ; up to which date his son and successor, another John Frederick, had sat for Pembroke- shire from 1841. The second Earl died in 1898, and was succeeded by his son, Earl Frederick Archibald, Lord Lieutenant of Pembrokeshire, and Chaii-man of the Great Western Eailway Company, who represented the county of Carmai-then from 1874 up to its division in 1885. Besides this Pembrokeshire property, the Campbells of Stackpole hold large estates in Carmarthenshire, Car- diganshire and Scotland.
The Campbells still bear on their arms the golden cross of the Lorts.
* Crespyng. — In 1387 there was another suit for this land, when it was adjudged to Thomas Crespyng, son of Richard of South hill, and descendant of Matilda above named. The proceedings in these suits are fully set out in the inspescimus of records in the treasury at Pem- broke, by Sir William Beauchamp, guardian of the earldom during the minority of John Hastings, dated at Pembroke 1387." There are several traces of members of this family, later called Crepping, chiefly as jurors at Pembroke, but also as witnesses to charters. Sir Robert de Crespyng was one of the four knights sent in 1286 with the record from William de Valence's court at Pembroke to the court of the king's justice at Haverford ;■' he was a witness, as constable of Pembroke, to William de Cantin- ton's charter to St. Dogmael. In 1327, William de Crespyng was indicted and found guilty of conspiracy, as stated above."
The Lords of Stackpole.
t Castlemartin. — At this fine was present Sir John cle Castro Martini ; about the same date he was a witness to Wilham de Cantinton's charter of St. Dogmael, and after- wards to Nicholas Fitz Martin's confirmation thereof, also as seneschal of Pembroke to Roger Mortimer's charter to Thomas de la Roche."' This ofiice had been held by his father, another John, who in 1244 joined with the other notables in the letter to John of Monmouth as to the attack on Cardigan, and who, as SherifP of Pembroke, was a witness to Earl Walter Marshall's charter to Monkton Priory. In 1324 another John de Castro Martini held of the Earl on the death of Aymer de Valence, at Mineyerdown (Miner- ton), Blancultoyt (Blaencilgoed), and Hethhavelok or Keth- havelok (Gellyheulog ?) . There are few further traces of the family, but in 1405 John Castlemartin was appointed, with Stephen Perrot of Haroldston, to receive the black mail for Owen Glyndwr.'"
Fenton" says that Castlemartin Castle (where Leland"" found the "vestigia of Martine Castel") was the baronial residence of the lords of Castlemartin. But the manor of Castlemartin was always part of the demesne of the Earl, and the most valuable part thereof. On the death of Aymer de Valence the value of the whole lordship was £175 16s. 4idl., and of this sum Castlemartin manor was worth £102 Os. 2CZ. No doubt Castlemartin Castle was held by the Earls themselves. It is probable that this was the reason why Castlemartin gave its name to the hundred. But of the Martin who gave his name to the Castle there is no trace, and for the statement that he was descended from Martin, the conqueror of Kemes, there is no evidence.
Besides the Martins, lords of Kemes, we have occasional traces in the county of others of the same name who may or may not have been connected with them. Raymond
The Lords of Stackpole.
Fitz Martin gave to Slebech, with the consent of his wife Sanana (who may have been the heiress or merely joined to bar her dower), the land of Benegerdon by Landshipping" and also the church of Marthertwy''* (Marteltwy) ; but this is attributed in some MSS. to John the son of Eaymond.'" Eaymond Fitz Martin was alive in 1214.^° Eobert Martin was a witness to Adam Baret's charter to Thomas de la Roche in the early I4th century; he may have been the son of Sir Robert Martin who witnessed Nicholas Fitz Martin's confirmation of William de Cantinton's grant of Fishguard to St. Dogmael's, which is also attested by a Robert Martin of Kernes; this last was probably the Eobert Martin who held of the lordship of Kernes in 1326." In 1324 and 1327, Thomas Martin was a jiu-or at Pembroke, and in 1362 a Thomas Martin held of John de Carew one third of a fee at Sageston.^^ There was a Dorset family of the name. Nicholas Martin died in 1326, leaving a son Robert." Lewys Dwnn" gives a short pedigree of the Martins of Tre Richart (Rickeston), who Fen ton" says were of the Henllys stock.
€^t D^oo^ane,
^2GGl
The great name of Wogan was for many centuries of para- mount importance in what is now called Pembrokeshire. The family made settlements at Wiston, Picton, Boulston, Milton, Stonehall, Llanstinan and elsewhere, and also in Ireland, England and France. Some of them made the name famous in various walks of life. They held vast possessions ; ten of them served as sheriff and six as mem- ber of pai-liament, and in all the records of the county they constantly appear. There was in later times a fanciful derivation of the name from one Ugus, a Eoman patrician, who was sent by Augustus Csesar to found the city of Flor- ence, and other interpretations have been offered; but there is no doubt that the name was derived from Gwgan ap Bleddyn (of whom we shall hear later on), whose de- scendant is called in the pedigree books Walter ap Gwgan, otherwise Wogan. The famous cave under Pembroke Castle is now held to be a corruption (similar to those which occur elsewhere) of guocoh, the old form of the Welsh gogof, a cave.' Nor does it appear that Wogan Stake, mentioned by Gerald,^ had any connection with the family.
It is difficult to trace the earlier generations of the
The Wogans.
Wogans. Welsh pedigrees have no dates, and they were often compiled from a varying tradition ; as has been pointed out in these papers, the only authentic evidence is that of the Inquisitio post mortem, or the enquiry after the death of a man who held of the King, or of the Earl of Pembroke, who ruled as king in his earldom.
The cradle of the race was Wiston. Early in the reign of Heni-y I, Wyzo or Wys the Fleming (who gave his name to Wiston) had conquered the present hundred of Daug- leddy (except the episcopal lordship of Llawhaden), which was held as a barony under the earl by the service of two and a half knight's fees. Wys, or his son Walter, gave the advowsons of the churches in the barony to the Hospitallers of Slebech,^ whereon there was afterwards a pretty quai-rel between the authorities of Slebech and of St. Peter's, Gloucester, and St. Mary's, Worcester." This same Walter, after William Fitzgerald had battered his new castle of Wiston in 1148,' married the daughter of William's brother, David Fitzgerald, Bishop of St. David's, and received from his father-in-law certain lands near Llawhaden, for the seizure of which Wys had been excom- municated.*
Walter left two sons, Walter and Philip, who succeeded in turn, the latter of whom was, in 1193, captured in Wis- ton Castle, with his wife and two sons, by Howel ap Rhys ap GrufPydd.' One of these sons, Henry, succeeded his father, and was a benefactor to Slebech."* And here the Welsh pedigrees, which have been followed without examination, lead us astray, for they allege that Gwgan ap Bleddyn above mentioned married the daughter of Philip Gwys ; but it is obvious that as Bleddyn was alive in 1093, his son could not have married the daughter of a man who was living one hundred years later. In 1220 the barony was
36
The Wogans.
in the liaiTcIs of the Earl of Pembroke' as guardian for tlie infant heiress who was the daughter or sister of Henry Gwys, and who married Sir Walter de Herford, who held the barony in 1247.
This Sir Walter came of a family said to have been settled in West Wales in the time of Eufus. He held lands in Ireland which, with Wiston, passed to his daughters, who married representatives of the family of Wogan and of Stainton. He was a witness to Earl Walter Marshal's charter to Gilbert de Vale (1241-5), and was one of the Pembroke magnates who sent to John of Monmouth in 1244 the account of their attack on Cardigan. He held, on the partition of the Marshal inheritance, three knight's fees, a holding exceeded only by the Martins of Kemes, the De Barris, Carews and Stackpoles. It may be that part of his holding was of the lands conquered by the Marshals in Cardigan.
We find an Adam de Herford, his son Stephen, his nephew Eoger, and Geoffrey de Herford (grantee of Stephen), holding lands at Cloncurry, co. Kildare; but whether they were of kin to our Walter does not appear." The arms of the Herfords — three eagles displayed — remained the arms of the barony of Wiston or Daugleddy."
The home of the Staintons was the Pembrokeshire parish of that name ; the size of the parish was frequently determined by the extent of the holding of the original lord ; the large area of the old parish of Stainton was a memorial of the power and importance of that family. In 1324 Walter de Stainton,'' and in 1348 his son Philip de Stainton," held a moiety of the barony of Wiston, the other moiety being held by Walter Wogan and Mathew Wogan respectively ; afterwards a Wogan (it is not clear which)
37
The Wogans.
married the Stainton heiress, and became possessed of the entire barony.
The Wogans continued at Wiston until 1779, when, on the death of John Wogan, the old castle and the borough which had grown up under its protection, passed to his daughters Eleanor and Susanna, and from them by pur- chase to the first Lord Cawdor. Lewis, the grandfather of this John Wogan, had married Martha, the daughter and heiress of David Williams, of Hen Castle, which passed to Thomas Stokes on his marriage with Susanna aforesaid. The Wogans intermarried with many families of note, among them Malefant of Upton, Wyrriot of Orielton, Joce of Prendergast, Herbert of- Pembroke, Gramage of Coity, Came of Ewenney, Owen of Orielton, Barlow of Slebech, and Lloyd of Bronwydd. Many of the Wogans of Wiston received the honour of knighthood, the head of the house was usually called John, presumably in honour of Sir John Wogan, the Justiciary, and the frequency of this name, John, in all the branches of the family is apt to be con- fusing.
The Mathew Wogan above mentioned is probably the Sir Mathew Wogan, Sheriff of Pembroke, who is men- tioned in the George Owen MSS., cited in the Archteologia Camhrensis'' ["20 E. I" being an error for "20 E. III"]. In 1362 a Mathew Wogan held, with others, on the death of John de Carew, a knight's fee at Terbeston. John, the grandson of Mathew, was in 1400 upon the commission to enquire into the debts due to the King at Pembroke ;" his son, Sir Henry, married Margaret, daughter of Sir William ap Thomas, and was seneschal of Pem- broke in 1448." Both he and Sir John Wogan of Picton were witnesses to an act of Bishop Benedict in 1418 ;'' Sir Henry was a witness to the Cradock-Crespyng fine of 1430."
38
The Wogans.
His son Sir John was killed at the battle of Banbury in 1465, fighting by the side of his uncle, William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. This Sir John had married the heiress of Jenkin Clement, lord of Tregaron in Cardiganshire, and his descendants were sheriffs of that county in 1540, 1554, and 1562. His grandson, another Sir John, who married the heiress of Stonehall, died in 1557 ; this Sir John had a grandson, yet another John, who was sheriff in 1567 and 1572, and married Cecil, daughter of Sir Edward Came of Ewenny ; their son William (who married Sibyl, daughter of Sir Hugh Owen of Orielton) is mentioned in George Owen's list of the commission of the peace in 1603." John Wogan, the son of Sir William, was sheriff in 1636 and sat for the county of Pembroke in the parliaments of 1614, 1625, and 1640; he had an elder son, Thomas, M.P. for Cardigan in 1646."°
This Thomas, who succeeded to Wiston and the Wogan Irish estates, which were confiscated in 1662, but after- wards restored to his brother Eoland, was one of those who signed the death warrant of King Charles I. At the Eestoration he escaped to Utrecht, where he is heard of engaged in plots in 1666. Fenton gives the tradition how he afterwards returned to the county and lived on charity in the church porch of Walwyn's Castle, where he was one morning found dead."'
The Wogans of Picton came from the marriage of John Wogan (said to have been the son of Mathew Wogan of Wiston, and Avice Malefant of Upton) with Joan, daughter and heiress of Sir WiUiam de Picton, but the earlier Wogan pedigree is in such confusion that it is not possible to accept any one of the numerous versions. This Joan is sometimes said to have been the daughter of the founder of Picton Castle, which
39
The Wogans.
she certainly was not, as the family of the founder continued there for some two centuries before their possessions came to an heiress, and John Wogan is said to have been the famous Justiciary of Ireland, which is probably true.
This Sir John Wogan was the greatest man of all the Wogan families, and one of the greatest men whom Pembrokeshire has produced, and it is singular that there is so much doubt as to his parents, his wives, and his children. In 1290, Hugh de Cressingham, seneschal of Haverford for Queen Eleanor (who held two parts of that lordship by the grant of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford), complained that John Wogan had forcibly interrupted the proceedings of the court at Haverford on behalf of William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, who asserted his rights on behalf of his wife Joan; hence proceeded much litigation." The old lordship of Haverford, which extended over the present hundred of Eoose, was favoured by the Crown as a check upon the power of the Earls of Pembroke ; William de Valence did much to increase this power; and in 1290 we find the name of John Wogan as a witness to the composition of the claims of the Earl upon the lordship of Kemes.^' It is clear that Wogan was high in the favoui' of the great Earl — Picton Castle was held of the Earl of Pembroke, who was also Lord of Wexford in Ireland ; it is probable that to this favour was due his marriage with the Picton heiress, and his grants of land in Ireland. The King's representa- tive in Ireland was then styled Justiciary, afterwards he was called Deputy, Lieutenant or Viceroy. Sir John Wogan was Justiciary of Ireland with a few intervals from 1295 to 1313, and Cox, the Irish historian, says of him that "he kept everything so quiet that we hear of no trouble in
The
a great while"."' Another strong ruler of Ireland was a Pembrokeshire man, Sir John Perrot, who was lord deputy under Elizabeth.
In 1302, Sir John Wogau, who then styles himself dominus de Pykton et capitalis justiciarms de Hibernia, founded the Wogan chantry in the chapel of St. Nicholas in St. David's cathedral." For this he had obtained from the representatives of Hugo, baron of Naas (who were all resident in Ireland), grants of lands at Castle Maurice, also the King's licence for the bishop to transfer to the pre- centor and chapter the advowsons of the churches of Landeloy and Llanhowel. The chaplains were to pray for the souls of (among others) Sir John Wogan and his patron William de Valence.""
Sir John lived for a few years after his retirement ; he died about 1319, and is said (without authority) to have been buried at St. David's. We find from the Irish rolls (1309-11) that his wife's name was Isabella;" this was pro- bably a second wife, but there is a further complication, as in 1298 a writ was issued to give to John Wogan and Margaret his wife, daughter and co-heiress of Eobert de Val (the last male of a family who settled at Dale in the time of Henry I), seisin of lands in the county palatine." This John may have been the son of the Justiciary, but the marriage is not mentioned in any of the pedigrees.
There is equal difficulty about the children of Sir John Wogan, and the pedigrees cannot be relied on ; he had a numerous family, and so far as Picton is concerned, seems to have been succeeded by a son John, who held in 1324 lands at Cocheston, Uzmaston, and Cotlet (Cartlet),"' and he by a brother Thomas, who died in 1357, at which date the Wogan moiety of Wiston was held by Mathew
The Wogans.
Wogan/" The successor of Thomas was another John, who was born in 1336, married Isabella de Londres,'' and died in Ireland before 1376, leaving a son David. David, like his predecessors, had large possessions in Ireland/' and in 1408 had a licence to ship four weighs of wheat to his castle in Wales.
David had two sons : John, whose daughter Katherine brought Picton toOwenDonn, whose grand-daughter Jane brought it to Thomas Phillips of Cilsant; and Thomas, the ancestor of the Wogans of Eathcoffy, in co. Kildare. The Wogans stayed on at Eathcoffy until the 18th century, when Frances, the heiress of Colonel Nicholas Wogan (who died in 1756), married John Talbot, the ancestor of the Lords Talbot of Malahide.^' Of the Eathcoffy family were the Captain Wogan known to readers of Waverley, and the Chevalier Wogan, the correspondent of Swift, who was created a baronet by the Pretender in 1719; a branch of this family settled in France and called themselves de Wogan.'*
For their importance in the county the Wogans of Boulston were hardly second to their kin at Wiston ; they contributed five sheriffs and three members of Parliament to the county annals, they intermarried with many of the leading families of the county, and they reigned at Boulston from the 15th to the 18th century. They seem to have sprung from the marriage of Henry Wogan with Margaret (also called Joan) daughter of Wilcock Dyer and heiress of Boulston. Henry is said by some pedigrees to have been the son of the Justiciary, but he is of later date, and by others to have been the son of Thomas, the grand- son of another Thomas who married the heiress of Milton of Milton. Two Sir John Wogans of Boulston, father and son, who were sheriffs of the county in 1566 and
The Wogans.
1630 respectively, who both sat in Parliauient for the county and were both knighted, phiyed an important part in Pembrokeshire history in the stirring times in which they Hved.
Lewis Wogan, the great grandson of the last Sir John, sat for the Pembroke borough in the Parliaments of 1710 and 1713, in the former of which he succeeded, on petition, in proving that the Mayor and burgesses of the ancient borough of Wiston had a right to vote at the election. He married Katherine, daughter of James Phillips, of Cardigan Priory, and of the famous "Orinda". His two childi-en died without issue, and Boulston went to the son of John "Wogan, the son of a younger son of Sir John last aforesaid, who had married Sarah, the widow of Tobias Frere (who died in 1655), of Gawdy Hall, Norfolk, from which place Gawdy Hall near Pembroke takes its name. The last John Wogan, of Boulston and Gawdy Hall, left Boulston to his relative. Admiral Sii- Charles Cotton, who sold it in 1797 to Major Ackland, who built the present house, leaving the old mansion of the Wogans, which had long been uninhabited, to faU into decay.
The origin of the Wogans of Milton has been before alluded to. This Milton was in Burton parish, and was the home of that branch of the family before they settled at Boulston. The wife of Eichard Wogan, grandson of the Henry Wogan who married the Boulston heiress, was a much-married lady, Maud, the daughter of Thomas Phillips, of Cilsant, and of the heiress of Picton. Her next husband, Morgan Jones, of Milton, was sheriff of Pembrokeshii-e in 1547 ; and her fourth, Nicholas Vaughan, described as of Milton, co. Pembroke, was sheriff of Cardiganshire in 1559. It would seem that Maud held
The Wogans.
Milton for her life, and that it was afterwards merged into the Boulston estates.
The Wogans of Llanstiuan were not of long continu- ance. Eees Wogan, third son of Sir John Wogan of Boulston (sheriff in 1566), married Jenet, daughter and heiress of Llewelyn Lloyd of Llanstinan. They were a legal family, and several of their names appear on the rolls of Gray's Inn, much frequented by Pembrokeshire men. Their most distinguished member was Sir William Wogan, who was Chief Justice of the Carmarthen Circuit of the Great Sessions from 1689 to 1701.^' He sat for Pembrokeshire in the Parliament of 1681, and afterwards for Haverfordwest. He died in 1708 without issue, and, the issue of his eldest brother having become extinct, Llanstinan went to his sister Margaret, who had married Thomas Symons, of Martel. These Wogans also held Eickeston in Kemes.
The Wogans of Stonehall were a branch of the Wiston family. Sir John Wogan of Wiston, the sheriff in 1543, married Ann, daughter and heiress of William ap Philip of Stonehall, and Stonehall went to Sir John's younger son, Morris. William Wogan, the descendant of Morris, left two daughters, who married two brothers of a Devon- shire family of the name of Ford. From the marriage of Dorothy, the elder daughter, with William Ford, came the Fords of Stonehall, one of whom was sheriff of the county in 1764.
Besides these more important branches, we find mem- bers of the family settled in various parts of the county. Among them was the soldier-scholar William Wogan, the son of Ethelred Wogan, rector of Gumfreston, who wrote many works, chiefly theological, of much repute in his day. He died in 1758." But now, as far as Pembrokeshire is
44
The IVogans.
concerned, the great, wide-spreading house of Wogan has perished as though it had never been, although the name still survives in a mutilated form."'
The arms of the Wogans were — Or, on a chief sahle, three martlets of the field.
(niafefan^ of Upton.
The place was anciently called Ucceton, Ucton, Ockton, and Octon ; it is frequently mentioned in the records.' Of the original castle, part still remains, together with the chapel, once used as a parish church, which has some interesting monuments. It is said that the 13th century effigy, the oldest in the county, which used to be at the mother church of Nash and is now at Upton, is that of the founder of the castle and the builder of Nash church. Fenton, who commented upon the disgraceful neglect of this monument, gives a tradition that this first lord of Upton was a man of gigantic stature, that he died at sea, and that his body was brought home and landed at Cosh- eston Pill.^ He was probably a Malefant, but there is nothing to show it. The first Malefant recorded was Walter, who married Avice de la Eoche,^ and as Upton was part of the great possessions of the de la Roches, it may have come to the Malefants by this marriage. Walter was a witness to the charter of Thomas, Bishop of St. David's (1244-1256) to John de la Roche,* and according to the Annales Cambrice'' he was killed fighting the Welsh at Kilgerran in 1258,
This Walter was succeeded by a son and a grandson of
46
Malefant of Upton.
the same name, the son married Joan, daughter of Henry Fitz Henry, and the grandson, Elizabeth, daughter of John de Londres. The former was, about 1268, a witness to the grant of Fishguard" by William de Cantinton to St. Dogmael's Abbey, to Eoger Mortimer's charter to Thomas de la Roche,'' and some ten years later, to Thomas de la Eoche's charter to Pill Priory. The latter was in 1323 a witness to the agreement between Earl Aymer de Valence with the Commandery of Slebech, which is set out in Fenton's Appendix,* in the next year to a charter by that Earl to Tenby, and to the further charter to Tenby by Earl Lawrence Hastings in 1342 ; in 1327 and 1331 he was a juror at Pembroke, and in 1324' and 1348'° he held half a knight's fee at Esse, or Nash, of the value of 10 marks.
This last Walter was succeeded by his son William, who married Margaret, daughter and co-heiress of John Fleming of St. George's in Glamorgan; he died in 1362 seised of the manors of Over Ash and Nether Ash, worth 60s., and one and a half carucates of land at Critchurch, worth 30s., which, jointly with his wife, he held of the Earl; of the manor of Llandethauk (Llandawke?) worth 50s., held by military service of John Wogan (of Picton) and Isabel (de Londres) his wife ; of the manor of Milton, worth £7 10s., by the like tenure, of John de Carew;" of a rental of £4 at Cadygansford (in Whitchurch Dewisland) by suit of court of the bishop, and of lands at Dennant, worth 40s., of de la Roche ;" it is probable that it is his efEgy and that of his wife which are at Upton Castle." This William had a son also called William, who was born in 1347. A name is given to a man to distinguish him from his fellows, and the custom (which is not yet extinct) of giving the son the same name as his father, is the cause
47
Male/ant of Upton.
of endless confusion in tracing out records such as these. William the younger was one of a jury at Dale in 1375, and at Pembroke in 1883. Apparently he died without issue, and was succeeded by his brother Henry.
Henry was one of the three commissioners appointed in 1405 to raise funds to buy a truce from Owen Glyndwr :" Fenton gives the commission as including the rectory of St. Giles at Picton," but in the original it is clearly Octon, i.e., Upton ; and four years previously we have a grant of a burgage in Tenby to Henry Malefant of Octon, Esq."
The successor of Henry was his son Sir Thomas, who died on the 8th May 1438, and was buried in the Church of St. Bartholomew the Less in Smithfield. In the epitaph on this tomb, preserved by Stow,''' he is described as Lord of Wenvoe and St. George's in the county of Glamorgan, and of Ockeneton (Upton) and Pile (Pill) in the county of Pembroke, but he seems to have been a Glamorganshire magnate rather than a Pembrokeshire one.
Upon the death of Sir Thomas, Wenvoe and the Gla- morgan estates passed to his son Edmond; upon the death of whose grandson John Malefant, without issue, in the reign of Henry VII, they were escheated to the Crown.
It was a second Edmond (the father of John) to whom William Earl of Pembroke (beheaded in 1469) desired by his will that his daughter Jane sliould be married," but Edmond married elsewhere. In the same tomb as Sir Thomas was afterwards buried his wife, Margaret Astley, of whom a curious story, illustrative of the lawlessness of the times, is told in the Rolls of Parliament." Margaret, in her petition in 1439, sets forth that immediately after her husband's death, of which she was then in ignorance, Lewis Leyson, a Glamorgan man and trusted servant of Sir Thomas, enticed her from Upton by forged letters
Malefant of Upton.
stating that Gruffydd ap Nicholas (lord of Dinefvvi- and a mighty man in those parts) and other enemies were lying in wait for her. Leyson conveyed her to Tythegston, near Bridgend, and a:fter failing in his attempt to marry her in the church, imprisoned her in the fortified manor house there, whence she escaped to her mother in London; Leyson appears to have fled from the country.'" From a charter of 1441 it appears that Margaret held the Male- fant Pembrokeshire estates (including, besides those above mentioned, one fourth of the manors of Hodgeston and Burton) for her life ;'' how they descended afterwards is not clear.
Fenton states that Henry was the last of the Upton Malefants, and that his daughter Alice married Owen, the second son of GrufPydd above mentioned, who was slain in 146 L" Sir Thomas had a son Henry, who was buried with him, and who seems to have died under age. But it is more probable that Alice was the daughter of Stephen Malefant (brother of Sir Thomas) and of his wife Alice Perrot.
Upton remained for many generations in the descen- dants of Owen and of Alice Malefant. Ehys ap Owen, sheriff in 1564, took the name of Bowen. The Bowens continued until the latter half of the 18th century, when the line ended in co-heiresses, and the heritage of the Male- fants was sold. Upton Castle was purchased by John Tasker, and upon his death passed to his niece Maria, who married as her second husband the Eev. William Evans.
A younger branch of the Upton Malefants settled at Ludchurch. We hear of a David Malefant in 1298^' and again in 1324;" he was a witness in 1300 to John de Barri's charter to Richard Simond.^' John, the son of David, died on the 5th August 1351, holding of the Earl thirty acres
Malefant of Upton.
of land at Londeschurch (Ludchurch), worth 2s. M., and one-tenth of a fee at Coedrath, worth 13s. 4(Z. yearly ; he left a son David under age, and of this branch we hear nothing further.'" The Malefants also held lands at Kid- welly, which in 1369 were in the possession of Philip, a son of Walter Malefant of Upton, the second of that name above mentioned."
The arms of the Malefants are variously given, the earliest are — GnUs, a fret argent, on a chief or, a lion passant sable.
€^t ^motB,
The name is Norman-French, and is spelt in various ways, but the authentic spelling is as above given, which was followed by Sir John Perrot, the Lord Deputy, in his signa- ture to the marriage settlement of his daughter Lettice with Eowland Laugharne, the duplicate of which is in the writer's possession ; curiously enough in the body of the deed the name is spelt Perrott. It is still found in Prance and in disguised forms in many parts of England and Wales. Most of the families of repute who bore it have tried to fasten their pedigrees on to the Pembrokeshire line; an interesting and impudent example of this is to be found in the "Pedigree of the late Sir Richard Perrott, Bart.," which Penton published in his Appendix.' Even the great William of Wykeham has been claimed for the Pembroke- shire Perrots, apparently because his niece Alice Champ- neys married one William Perrot, whose son took the name of Wykeham.' Eobert Perrot, a famous musician and man of affairs at Oxford, who died in 1550, is said, on his monument in St. Peter's Church in that city, to have been the son of George Perrot of Haverfordwest, and from him came the Oxfordshire Perrots, who continued at North Leigh until 1765. They set up a doubtful claim to be
The Perrots.
descended from the Perrots of Haroldston ; but from the latter were probably derived the Perrots of Yorkshire, the most distiuguished of whom was George Perrot, a baron of the exchequer, who died in 1780.^
The three leading branches of the Pembrokeshire house were those settled respectively at Eastington (after- wards at Haroldston), Scotsborough and Caervoriog. The founder of the house is said to have been Stephen Perrot, who in the reign of Henry I acquired lands at Narberth, and married the heiress of Jestynton (Eastington), but the earlier descents in the pedigree cannot be adapted to the dates, and furnish another proof that little reliance can be placed on any Welsh pedigree before the 14th century.
According to Fenton,* Andrew, the son of Stephen, founded the castle and church at Narberth (which latter he dedicated to St. Andrew), and married Janet the daughter of Ralph Mortimer, whom Fenton describes as Earl of March. Ralph, who died in 1246, was the great-grand- father of Roger the first Earl of March ; but this much is certain, that Narberth Castle remained for many gener- ations the heritage of the Mortimers. Andrew's son was William, who married the daughter of Sir Walter Herford,' and William's son was Peter, who married the daughter of Harry Canaston of Canaston.
With Stephen, the son of Peter, we stand on surer ground ; he married Mabel,* the heiress of Castleton (the Perrots also knew an heiress when they saw her), in 1307" he was a juror at Pembroke, in 1324 he held of the Earl half a knight's fee at Popetovsm'' (Popton), and in 1327 was indicted for a conspiracy against Richard de Barri, as has been told in the Barri paper .^ He had, besides John, who
* See at the end of this article. 52
The Perrots.
succeeded him, a son Richard, to whom he granted nine- teen acres of land in Graveliill' (Greenhill?), and a son Thomas, who founded the Scotsborough line of Perrots, probably by marriage with the heiress. John, the heir, married Jane, the daughter (but not the heiress, as Lewys Dwnn states) of John Jocef of Prendergast, and died on the 13th January 1349; he held lands at Pennar, Wal- waynston (Wallaston in Pwllcrochan), Osvameston (Yer- beston in Monkton), and apparently at Coedrath."
Peter, the successor of John, kept up the family tradition of well-dowered wives ; his wife was Alice, daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Harold} of Haroldston by Haverfordwest, and after the death of Sir Richard, Haroldston became the chief residence of the Perrots of Eastington. In 1373 Peter Perrot brought an instructive lawsuit against William Beneger|| and Isolda his wife for certain profits of a messuage and a carucate of land held by socage tenui-e at Eastington, which Isolda, his father's sister, as his nearest relative who could not inherit, held as guardian during his minority. William and Isolda pleaded that the land was held by military service, under wlrich the guardian was not accountable for the rents and profits, but a Pembroke jury came and said that the land was held in socage and gave Peter 111 3s. M. damages." This is a good instance of the advantages of the ancient tenure of free and common socage, to which all tenures by knight service were converted after the Restoration.
Peter Perrot died in 1378, and the wardship of his infant son, Stephen, was granted to John Harold, clerk, apparently the uncle." Of this Stephen we know little, except that he married, as his first wife, Ellen the heiress
t I II See at the end of this article. 53
The Perrots.
of John Howel, of Woodstock (in Ambleston), who broug-ht some North Pembrokeshire estates to the Perrots of Haroldston. His son and successor was Thomas, who married Alice, the daughter of John Picton, who in 1422 granted to him and his wife Alice (the daughter of the grantor) lands at Bicton in Roose at a yearly rent of two greyhounds. '^ There is also extant a grant by Thomas Picton of Carew and his wife Margaret to Thomas Perrot and Alice of six messuages, a water mill, and a carucate of land at Glinbigh'* and Savilageston (Sageston) ; in a deed of gift to her son in 1463, his widow was called loan — if this is not an error she must have been a second wife.'' He is probably the " Sir Thomas Perot de-Harfordwest " who is mentioned by William of Worcester as fighting on the Lancastrian side at the battle of Mortimer's Cross in 1461.'°
He was succeeded by another Thomas, his son ; the marriages of his daughters shew the position to which the Perrots had now attained ; Jane to Philip Elliot of Ear- were, Ellen to Richard Wyriott of Orielton, Margaret to GrufPyd ap Nicholas (grandfather of Rhys ap Thomas), and Emma to Sir Richard Newton (of Newton Weare by Lanstadwell), Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas." We hear little of this Thomas ; in 1464 an award was given in a dispute which had arisen between his father and the Priory of Haverfordwest touching the services at the church of Haroldston, which had been given to the Priory by Sir Richard Harold," and in the next year he had a successful suit for lands at Folcaston and High Hilton in the Lordship of Haverford. His second wife was Isabella Wogan, as appears by a grant, made to her by his son and heir William in 1474, of certain lands in the episcopal lord- ship of Pebidiauk for her life.
William Perrot in 1487 appointed John Perrot of
54
The Perrots.
Haverford to be his attorney to take seisin for Iiini of the Lordship of Laugharne;" in 1496 he was appointed by Henry, Duke of York, Earl of Pembroke, and Lord of Haverford (afterwards Henry VTII), to be slierifP within the Lordship of Haverford'" (then an office for life), and in 1502 there was an award made by arbitrators in a dispute between him and John Waryn of Llawhaden as to the lands of Henry Perrot of Caervoriog, to ^hich his younger son Jenkyn succeeded." He also married a Wogan, Johanna, and the wills of himself and his wife are extant and were proved in 1503 and 1504 respectively. They were both buried in the Priory Chui-ch of St. Thomas the Martyr at Haverford.
Sir William Perrot was succeeded by his son, Sir Owen, who did not survive long. There are several deeds by him, the latest I have found is dated 1522. In 1516, the King, as Lord of Haverford, granted to him and his wife Catherine a lease for 21 years, at a rental of £15, of the King's Mills at Haverford, with the weir and fishery." He must have been dead in 1524, as in that year the custody of his son Eobert, during his minority, was granted by the King to two knights." This Eobert would seem to be the Eobert Perrot who was afterwards reader in Greek to Edward VI ;^' his elder brother, who succeeded to Haroldston, was another Sir Thomas, who married Mary Berkeley, the daughter of a gentleman of the bed-chamber to Henry VIII and grand- daughter of Lord Berkeley.
This fair lady had a share in making local history, for it is doubtless to her influence with the King that the unique privileges were granted to Haverfordwest (which in the dark age of the 18th century were — and have been since — confused with those of the ordinary town and county), and that after she married her second husband.
The Perrots.
the three lordships were, to George Owen's indignation, cut off from Pembrokeshire to increase the area of Carmar- thenshire." That husband was Sir Thomas Johns, of Aber- marlais, co. Carmarthen, who occupied Haroldston in right of his wife, and was (in 1641) the first of the annual sheriffs of Pembrokeshire. He was also knight of that shire, and the lord of Kemes does not hesitate to roundly call him a traitor. Mary Berkeley was the mother of the most distinguished man of the name of Perrot, but he had little right to bear the name, for he was the son of King Henry VIII, whom he much resembled in person and character."
This was Sir John Perrot. There is an excellent sketch of him in the Dictionary of National Biography. His Life, by Richard Eawlinson, was published in 1728 ; and there is in the writer's possession a somewhat rare work entitled The Government of Ireland under the memor- able, just, and wise Governour, Sir John Perrot, published in 1626. Of his public life it is sufficient to say that he was made a Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Edward VI, that he was President of Munster from 1570 to 1573, and Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1685 to 1588, that in 1579 he was appointed Admiral of a fleet I'aised for the defence of Ireland, that he was condemned for treason in 1592, and died in the Tower of London in that year. For his Pembrokeshire life : he was born at Haroldston, and lived there until his 18th year, when, in accordance with the custom of the time, he was sent to the household of the Marquis of Winchester, then Lord High Treasurer. Dame Mary, his mother, had dower rights at Haroldston, but Perrot lived there when in the county, until Queen Mary granted him Carew in 1554." He then made Carew his principal residence, and much embellished it ; he also lived
56
The Perrots.
occasionally at Laughame Castle, which was granted him by Queen Elizabeth. He has left his mark at Laugharne in "Sir John's Hill", and there is a tablet to him in Eglwys Cummin Church.
Perrot is described as of Haroldston when sheriff of Pembrokeshii'e in 1552 (he was M.P. for the county in 1563, and made a vice-admiral thereof in the previous year)," and it was at Haroldston that he harboured the Protestants at the beginning of Mary's reign, for which he was denounced by Catharne of Pi-endergast. He was committed to the Fleet, but soon released ; and we find him serving abi'oad under his kinsman, the Earl of Pembroke. He has left a splendid memorial of his love for the home of his boyhood in his benefaction, in 1580, for the im- provement of Haverfordwest, of which town he was mayor in 1570, 1575, and 1576. Sir John Perrot received his early education at St. David's, as he himself states in a letter, written in 1585 while he was Lord Deputy, to Walsingham, and at the same time he wrote to Burghley protesting against a proposed Act of Parliament for the removal of the Cathedral Church of the See to Brecon."" But notwithstanding these traits in his character, Perrot was the terror of Pembrokeshire from his haughty de- meanour, his delight in litigation, and the crowd of retainers he kept about him. There is among the Lansdowne MSS. at the British Museiim a list of the Pembrokeshire gentry harassed and damnified by Perrot, apparently drawn up by George Owen, who hated him cordially ;'° among them is Richard Davies, Bishop of St. David's from 1561 to 1581 ; Thomas Wyrriot (through his mother Elena Perrot connected with Sir John), who after long litigation was cast in damages which he refused to pay, and was left in the prison at Haverfordwest, of
S7
The Perrots.
which Perrot was governor ; and Griffith White, another connection, whose charge against Perrot before the Privy Council failed, and who was committed for slander. The list includes most of the well-known county names of that date.
Perrot's income is said to have been over £20,000 a year, an immense sum in those days. The extent of his possessions all over the county may be gathered from his deeds of settlement which are still extant, and his hiquisitio Post Mortem ; there are also the inventories of his personal property at Carew and Laugharne." Perrot was twice married. His first wife, Ann Cheyney, came from Kent ; the only issue was a son, afterwards Sir Thomas Perrot. The second wife, Jane Pollard, came from Devonshire ; her mother was a Prust (a well-known name in Haverfordwest) and her younger sister married Sir John Wogan of Boul- ston. The issue of this marriage was : (1) William, who died without issue in Dublin in 1597 ; (2) Lettice, who married Rowland Laugharne of St. Bride's, which she brought to her other husbands, Walter Vaughan, of Golden Grove, and Arthur Chichester, another Lord Deputy of Ireland ; and (8) Ann, who married Sir John PhilUps, the first baronet, of Picton. Of his illegitimate children there need only be mentioned here, Sir James Perrot (mentioned below), by Sibyl Jones, and a daughter Elizabeth (who married Hugh Butler of Johnston), by Elizabeth Hatton, daughter of Sir Christopher, who afterwards became Perrot's implacable enemy.
Perrot's son, Sir Thomas, married in 1583, under curious circumstances, Dorothy, daughter of Walter Devereux, Earl of Essex,^^ who held Lamphey in this county, and through the influence of his brother-in-law, the Queen's favourite, had the estates, which had been
The Perrots.
forfeited on his father's condemnation, restored to him. Sir Thomas lived at Haroklston in liis father's life-time, and, George Owen tell us, introduced pheasants to the county, which he got from Ireland." He seems to have taken interest in county matters; he was M.P. for the county in 1593, and mayor of Haverfordwest in 1586 ; and he and George Owen were the two deputy lieutenants for the county. He did not long sui'vive his father, for his widow in 1594 married Henry, Earl of Northumberland. There were two children of the marriage, a son who died young, and a daughter, Penelope, who married as her second husband the famous Sir Eobert Naunton, but left no issue.
Soon after the death of Sir Thomas Perrot, we find Sir James" (above mentioned) at Haroldston, but by what title is not certain ; he never acquired the vast Perrot estates, which were resumed by the Crown on the death of Sir Thomas. He was born in 1571, and died at Haroldston without issue in 1636, and was buried in St. Mary's Church. He sat in five Parliaments for Haverfordwest and in one for the county, and was a distinguished Parlia- mentary orator, and was also an author of no mean repute ; he was custos rotulorum of the county in 1603, and mayor of Haverfordwest in 1605, his name stands first in the roll of common council in King James' charter to the town." By his will, dated 26th January 1636, he observed the ancient custom of a bequest to the Cathedral Church of St. David's, he left several legacies for the poor of the town, and devised Haroldston to Herbert, son and heir of Eobert Perrot of Moreton, co. Hereford, charged with an annuity of £3 to John Jessop, "preacher of the word of God" at Pembroke.
These Perrots had been settled at Moreton for about a
59
The Perrots.
century ; there is nothing to show that they were descended from the Pembrokeshire family, and when Herbert and his father assumed the Haroldston arms, proceedings were taken against them in the Herald's Court by Thomas Perrot, a London merchaiat, who claimed direct descent." Sir Herbert (he was knighted at the Restoration) lived partly at Haroldston, he was sheriff of the county in 1666, and M.P. for and mayor of Haverfordwest in 1677. He had three wives: (1) Sibyl, daughter of David Lloyd of Kilkiffeth, and grand-daughter of the founder of the Haverfordwest Grammar School. By her he had a son Herbert, who was stabbed in a tavern brawl in Fleet Street, and was buried " in the Middle Temple Chui-ch in the Round within the City of London." (2) Hester, daughter of William Barlow of Slebech, by whom he had a daughter, Hester ; and (3) Susan, daughter of Francis K"orris. Sir Herbert died in 1683. In his will he states that he had lately rebuilt the decayed church of St. Ismel at Harold- ston, and he maintained the Perrot tradition of benefactions to Haverfordwest, and gave his lands in the counties of Hereford, Pembroke and Haverfordwest to his daughter Hester.
Hester married, as his second wife. Sir John Packing- ton, the foui-th baronet and the original of Addison's Sir Roger de Coverley. Part of the Haroldston estate still remains in the Packingtons (now Lords Hampton), and the picture of the Lord Deputy is at the family seat of Westwood. Addison visited Haroldston when it was occupied by Lady Betty Rich, the mother of the first Lord Kensington and the sister-in-law of Addison's wife ; tales of Lady Betty's magnificence long survived in the neigh- bourhood.
The Scotsborough branch of the family remained there
6o
The Perrots.
for many generations, and took an active part in the man- agement of the affairs of the neighbouring town of Tenby. Catherine, the daughter and lieiress of John Perrot, the last of the line, brought Seotsborough by marriage to John ap Rhys, of Ricterston (in Brawdy). This John Perrot was sheriff in 1551, the year before his great namesake, with whom he has been confused. In 1545 he brought an action against John Wogan of Wiston, who had the custody of his estate during his minority, for waste of his lands at Seotsborough, Knightston, Cornydown (Cornish Down) and Canaston." Among his other mis-deeds, Wogan had cut down two "avelanos called wallnut trees". Thomas Perrot, the second of the Seotsborough line, was one of the three commissioners appointed in 1405 (as mentioned in the last paper) to buy off Owen Glyndwr.'"
How long the Perrots had been settled at Caervoriog, and how they came by it, cannot be ascertained, they pro- bably belonged to the flaroldston branch . Jenkyn Perrot, mentioned above, had three daughters : (1) Jane, married the well-known Sir James ap Owen of Pentre Evan ; (2) Alice, married John Lloyd Vaughan of Tenby, whose only child Jane married John Perrot, the last of the Scots- borough line ; and (3) Ann, married Thomas White. Apparently Caervoriog went back to the Haroldston family, as it is mentioned among the possessions of the Lord Deputy.
Besides the main line, we find several individuals of the name, which must have been at one time pretty widely diffused over the county.
The Perrot arms were — Gmles, three pears or, on a chief argent, a demi lion issuant sable.
The Perrots.
* Castle. — According to Lewys Dwnn her father was Sir William Castell of Castleton in Monkton ;'" but he was more probably the Walter de Castro who in 1324 held of the Earl half a fee at Flemishton (Fliniston in Castlemartin parish), held by William Fleming in 1246, and another half a fee at Moriston (Moreston in Monkton).'" That Mable was an heiress is evident, as fines were levied in favour of her husband and herself of lands at East and West Poperton*' (Popton) . We find members of tlie family under the names of de Castro, de Chastel, de Castel, and de Castle, witnesses to many charters in the 13th and 14th centuries. John de Castro was present at the Crespyng Stackpole fine in 1272. Tn 1339 Thomas de Chastel was one of the guardians of Monkton Priory, which had been seized into the King's hands as an alien priory;*" and in 1376 Thomas de Castro was seneschal of Pembroke.*' Walter, above mentioned, had a grant of six bovates of land at Corston, which had been given by Aymer de Valence to John de Castro and Isabella his wife in 1331 ; but the land had been taken by Thomas de Hampton, the lieutenant at Pembroke of Roger Mortimer, justiciary of South Wales, as John had to fly for a debt he owed for trespass ;" on the death of Walter the lands in question were escheated. Another branch of the family held of the Earl at Blengolgoyt (Blaencilgoed in Ludchurch) and at Strackhill(?).
t JocE. — The Joces, or Joices, appear a good deal in the 14th century records. There were most of them called John, to perplex the antiquary of the future. There are two pedigrees of them in the Golden Grove Book, which do not make things clearer.
John Joce was a witness to William de Valence's
62
The Perrots.
charter to Teiibj before 1296," in 1308 to Aymer de Valence's confirmation charter to Monkton, and in 1323, being then a knight, to that Earl's arrangement with Slebech.'" In the next year he held a quarter of a fee at Great Hoaton, as of the honour of Haverford, worth five marks, and half a fee at Jordaneston (the Jordeston in St. Florence), as of the honour of Pembroke, worth ten marks;" he died early in 1327, and the custos of Haverford ac- counted for the issues of Great Hoaton before John the son had proved his age." John, the son, was in 1342 a witness to Laurence Hasting's charter to Tenby. In 1331 and 1357 John Joce was a juror at Pembroke ; but there were contemporary Johns, as in 1327 we hear of John Joce of a branch of the family who settled at Scorlag*' (ScoUock). In 1378, John Joce was made custodian of Pembroke Castle, with twenty men-at-arms and twenty archers;" in 1380 a John Joce was on the commission of the peace for Gloucestershire ; but they may have suffered from John Joces in tliat county also.
Again, in 1384 John Joce was a juror at Pembroke; in 1388 John Joce "scutifer" had a gi-ant from the King of £20 yearly out of the exchequer at Carmarthen, in 1392 he was a juror at Pembroke and then a knight, and in 1400 Sir John Joce was one of the commission on the King's debts at Pembroke.'" Lewys Dwnn" says that John Wogan of Wiston married Joan, daughter of Sii- John Joce, " lord of Brongest"; this would seem to be the John Joce last mentioned. Fj-om the Joces Prendergast passed through the Catharnes to the Stepneys.
X Harold. — The Harolds were originally of Harold- stone West and afterwards acquired Haroldston St. Issels. Lewys Dwnn"" says that Alice was the daughter of
63
The Perrots.
Sir Richard, the son of Sir William, the son of another Sir Richard, but this is not borne out by the pedigree in the Golden Grove Book. A Richard Harold was a witness to Earl Walter Marshall's charter to Monkton Priory, to Earl Gilbert's and Earl Walter's charters to Gilbert de Vale, and to Geoffrey Eitz Robert's grant of Uzmaston to St. David's." In 1307 Harald of Haraudyston held half a fee at Haroldstone West of Guy de Brian, as of his barony of Castle Walwayn." In 1323 William Harold was a wit^ ness to Aymer de Valence's charter to Slebech, and in the next year held one fee at Haroldston (St. Issels?), as of the honour of Haverford, worth 20 marks;" in 1326 he held of the Bishop at Warren, and in 1334, as constable of Pebidiog, he was a witness to the grant to the precentor and chapter of St. David's by John Gonim of {inter al.) Le TokyngmyUeham by St. Kenox in Llawhaden." This was probably the William Harold of Haverford who did hom- age to the King in 1301.'" In 1345 Richard Harold was present at the arbitration between the tenants of Peter Russell and the precentor and chapter of St. David's ;" this may have been the same man who was a juror at Pembroke in 1331. By a fine in 1373, between Thomas Fort and Margaret his wife, plaintiffs, and John Harold, clerk, defendant, the advowson of the church of St. Aidan (the Welsh form of Madog) at Villa Haroldi by the Sea, then held by Joanna, widow of William Harold, for her life in dower, was granted to the plaintiffs. Margaret was probably a co-heiress with Alice Perrot. John is the person mentioned in the text to whom a confirmation of the custody of the lands of Peter Perrot was granted in 1378 ; he was parson of Llanerchllwydog and of the chapel of Whitewell."*
64
The Perrots.
II Beneger. — William Beneger was of a family long resident in the county, who gave their name to Bangeston, formerly Benegerston. There are four Bangestons, namely, in Angle, St. Mary's Pembroke, Stackpole and St. Issell's. The Benegers held, as co-parceners with Wogan and Robelyn, two fees of the Earl at Cosheston in 1246, 1324, and 1348. John Beneger was seneschal of Pembroke in 1300, and in that office was a witness to the charter of Philip the son of Thomas Martin." Ralph Beneger rebuilt Pwllcrochan church in 1342. About twenty years earlier, William Beneger had passed, by a fine, to Richard Symon a messuage and sixty acres of land at Aylwardston'" (AUeston). We find many of the family jurors at Pembroke and Tenby in the 14th century.
The heirs of the Benegers seem to have been the family of de Bromhill. Ralph de Bromhill died in 1362, holding of the Earl lands at Cosheston, Bromhill and Bangeston ; of the Master of Slebech at East Pennar and Barthford in free socage;" his widow, Isabella, married a Champagne. Ralph was succeeded by his brother Laurence, who died in 1378 seised of the same property, with the addition of the advowson of Cosheston ; he left a son also called Laurence.
The Champagnes came to the county apparently from Great Donnington in Northamptonshire. John Cham- pagne held of the Earl, in 1324 and 1327, lands at Coedrath, also at Lantig (Lanteague), and at Kyncyge (Kilvelgy), of which his mother Margaret had dower. He died in 1353, leaving an only daughter Isabella, then of the age of three years. John Percival of Tenby, con- victed of felony in 1364 for killing Henry Clerk of Tenby, held of him at Est Ravaghan by military service."
This Est Ravaghan probably means the east of the
65
The Perrots.
Eath Fechan brook by Amroth in Coedrath. We also hear of a West Eavaghan, where David Eliot, a burgess of St. Florence in 1348, held of the earl one-tenth part of a fee formerly held by William Heriz. This David was, in 1347, the bailiff of Maria de Saint Paul, the widow of Aymer de Valence." The pedigree of the Eliots of Ear- were (Amroth Castle) and Narberth is given in Lewys Dwnn"' and in the Golden Gh-ove Book. The above men- tioned David was the founder of the family of Eliot of Earwere, which remained there until late in the 18th century. George Owen, whose father's mother was an Eliot, says that the famous Sir Thomas Elyot, who died in 1546, was of this family." We find few notices of them in the records, their names appear occasionally as jurors, and they were sheriffs in 1585, 1609, and 1754.
®e ia (gocge.
The family of the Eock were called in Norman French, de la Eoche, and in charter Latin, de Eupe. They took part in the Pembrokeshire conquest of Ireland, which has so often been referred to in these papers, and founded a family there who afterwards called themselves Eoche, and of whom the heads were the Viscounts Fermoy.^ It was from one of the Irish family, George de la Eoche, that Sir John Wogan of Picton procured in 1299 a grant of his rights at Castle Maurice, to found the Wogan chantry at St. David's/ In 1358 David de la Eoche, lord of Fermoy, appointed his Pembrokeshire kinsmen William, David, and Eichard de la Eoche his bailiifs, to take seisin for him of the manors of Manorbier and Penally,' to which he had succeeded on the death of Avice de Barri ; this seems to be the same person as the David de Barri mentioned in the Barri paper, and in the Irish records^ we hear of a Wilham Eoche de Barri, which shows that the two families had got somehow mixed up. The Pembrokeshire family in time called themselves Eoch, and passed through Eickerston to Clareston and to Butter Hill, Llether, and Paskeston.
It was the desii-e of persons of quality to hang their pedigrees on to one of the followers of William the Con-
67
De la Roche.
queror, in the Jameson raid of those days (among whom were the scum of Western Europe), and if in the Roll of Battle Abbey, which purported to be a list of those follow- ers, a likely name could not be found, they had one in- serted. The pedigree-mongers traced the descent of the lords of Fermoy on the spindle-side from Charlemagne,' and on the spear-side from the sire de Rochville, who came in with the Conqueror, was incontinently granted a lord- ship in Pembrokeshire and gave his name to Roch Castle." But there was a race in Pembrokeshire whose blood flows in the veins of most of the families of this county, whom Gerald of Manorbier'' (who knew them well) has called "a people brave and robust, ever most hostile to the Welsh, a people well versed in commerce and handicraft, a hardy race equally ready for the plough and the sword."
These Flemings took a large part in the conquest of Ireland, and it has been before observed that Fenton's statement that the colony consisted of the " lower orders " cannot be accepted ; the men of rank among them speedily adopted the language and usages of their Norman allies. Godebert, "a Fleming of Roose", held lands in that district in 1131, formerly held by Lambert Echiners" (who may have given his name to Lambertston, now corrupted into Lambston) ; his two sons, Richard and Rodbert, took part in the Irish expeditions. Richard was one of the first invaders, and is called in the Norman-French poem," The Song of Dermot and the Earl, a "Knight from Pembroke- shire." Rodbert, who gave lands in Roose to Slebech, acquired, according to the same authority, some Irish pro- perty which had originally been granted to Maurice of Prendergast, one of the numerous founders of Pembroke- shire families in Ireland.'" Rodbert's three sons, David, Henry, and Adam, took the name of de la Roche, as appears
De la Roche.
from the charter by which they gave the Ishiiid of Begerin (in Wexford harbour), with the church built thereon, to St. Nicholas, Exeter, for the soul of their father Rodbert, the son of Godebert : the witnesses to the charter are Maurice, above mentioned, and other Pembrokeshire allies." So we may give uj) the Sire de Rochville and the Roll of Battle Abbey; the illustrious house of de la Roche was descended from Godebert, the Fleming of Roose.
There were two principal branches of the Pembrokeshire family, settled respectively at Roch Castle and Langum (the old Norse Langheim, of late ignorantly Welshified into Llangwm) : Fenton has confused them ; they were united by marriage, as will be seen later on. Fenton also states that there is reason to believe that one of the family had charge of the province of Roose, and held the hereditary office of Comes Littoris, but as he does not give the reason, we need not believe.''
The first of the Roch Castle family was Adam, who founded Pill Priory at the close of the 12th century; in the general words at the end of his charter he gives the churches of all the lands he had acquired (which Fenton in error translates " conquered") : he must have added con- siderably to the family acres, for he gives to St. Mary, St. Budoc, and the order of Tiron, the land on wliich the Priory was built, other lands in Roose and at New Moat, and the churches of St. Cewydd (now St. Peter) at Stain- ton, St. Mary of Roch, St. David (now St. Peter) of Little Newcastle, and St. Nicholas of New Moat." We learn from the charter that his wife's name was Blandina; he was a witness to Robert Fitz Elidor's grant to St. David's;" his charter to the church and canons of St. David's" was wit- nessed by Peter de Leia, bishop of that see from 1 1 76 to 1198, who began the building of the present cathedral.
69
De la Roche.
David, the son of Adam, confirmed his father's charter to St. David's of a pension of 2s. yearly, payable on St. David's Day, out of lands of Eoch held by Wobald, the son of Ernebald" (more Flemings) ; among the witnesses is William the Precentor; the confii-mation was soon after 1224, when the first precentor at St. David's was appointed. An Adam de la Roche was witness to the Marshall char- ters to Haverford in 1219 and some eight years later; he seems to have been lord of Eoch, as the charter of Thomas, mentioned below, suggests that there was an Adam the younger. The next was John, but whether he was the son of David or of Adam the younger there is nothing to show ; he held of the Earl in 1251 one fee and one third of another fee in the barony of Eoch." He married Matilda, the niece of Thomas Wallensis (Bishop of St David's 1248- 1256), who as we have seen was a Carew, and received from the bishop a grant to himself and his wife, and their heirs, of the manor of Eglwys Cummin," which manor the bishop himself held of Guy de Brian; it was to this marriage that the building of Eoch Castle by Laugharne is due.
Thomas de la Eoche, the son of John and Matilda, confirmed and enlarged the charter to Pill of the founder, whom he calls Adam the elder ; his grant included lands at Suthoc (South Hook) in Herbrandston, Denant (and a share in the mill there), Stodhaze (Studdolph), Windsor by Strickemershille (Dredgman Hill), Eedeberch (Eed- berth, now in Walwyn's Castle parish), Thorneton (mis- spelt Porneton), villa Ledelini (Liddeston), and castrum Vydii, which seems to refer to the " Castle Hill abutting upon Stainton Highway " mentioned among the posses- sions of the Priory at the dissolution ; he also gave the right of wreck in the half carucate of land at Neugol,
70
De la Roche.
on which had been built the chapel to St. Caradoc to com- memorate the resting-place of that saint's body on its way to burial at St. David's, also the churches of St. David at Hubertston (Hubberstoii) and St. Madoc de Veterivilla" (Nolton). One of the witnesses to this charter was Nicho- las Martin, lord of Kemes, who died in 1284. There is a charter by Roger Mortimer (son of Henry), granting Thomas de la Roche a carucate of land at Pill Rhodal" (by Milford), and in 1274 a fine was made between him and Sir William de Boleville (Bulwell) as to lands at Westfield held of the manor of Burton." In 1295 William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, and Joan his wife brought a suit against the bailiffs of Queen Eleanor, lady of Haver- ford, alleging that they had forcibly taken the barony of Roche (of which Monsier Thomas de la Roche was lord) from the earldom ; the suit failed ;''° the Thomas mentioned in the pleadings was a minor in the custody of the lord of Haverford at the time of his father's death ; in 1301 he signed the barons' letter to the Pope as lord of Roche. It is not clear whether the above documents refer to one Thomas, or to two, father and son.
The will of John, the son of Thomas, is extant, it is dated 1314 and proved in the same year, and he tells us something of the family history ; the testator of those days generally made his will on his death-bed, which was to the advantage of holy church ; John seems to have postponed it rather late, as he says at the end that he can- not give any more thought to it, and his executors must dispose of the residue. Among the bequests are his soul to the Blessed Mary and his body to be buried at Pill Priory (he is careful to add with a due regard for economy) ; 40 shillings to the convent of Pill, and a like amount to the Friars Preacher of Haverford ; to his mother, the Lady
De la Roche.
Margaret, half his farming stock at the manor of Pill, with the option of buying the other half at its market value ; to his sisters Elizabeth, Johanna, and Lucia, 20 marks each as a marriage portion, and to his brother Thomas his arm- our which he had left at Pill ; there are also legacies to an old servant and of a book called The Sirculus to the Lady of Courtenay."' John had in 1313 grants from Sir John Wogan of Picton in Llysyfran and Lambston," which latter Wogan had obtained from John's father.
John's successor was his brother Thomas, who was lord for some ten years ; in 1315 he obtained a grant, for him- self and his wife Elizabeth, from Nesta wife of Roger Cor- bet, and one of the co-heiresses of Robert de Vale, of lands at Castell Loyth (Wolf's Castle) and Rinaston ;" in 1317 he was commanded to retm-n (apparently from Ireland) to his domain in Wales for its defence ;"* in 1319 there was a fine between him and John Cole in the court of Aymer de Valence, lord of Haverford (and Earl of Pembroke), as to land at Zeimshille" (Deemshill in Steynton) . There are also two charters'" to Thomas ; one from Adam Baret (of a Carmarthen family who held in the county), of land at Gibbrick's Ford (now Ford by Tref garn) , in which his wife Nesta, who must have been a second wife, is mentioned, and the other from Philip, the son of Thomas Martin the fuller, of a fulling mill at the same place, therein called Gilbert's Ford ; to the latter, William Martin, lord of Eemes, is a witness. It is stated in an ancient extent cited in the Blach Booh of St. David's" that Vadum Gyhrygh (Gibbrick's Ford) was held by a Geoffrey de Rupe as half a fee. And it may be mentioned here that George Owen gives two charters^'* of lands in Roose to "Master Tankard de la Roche", to one of which Gilbert of Musselwick, who was one of the executors of the will of
De la Roche.
John above mentioned, was witness ; Tankard was a wit- ness to the grant of Redwalls'" by John, the son of Maurice, to Adam, the son of Hugh Cole and Sarah his wife, the daughter of William Philbeach.'" But who Tankard was there is no evidence.
Thomas left a son William, who succeeded him, also four daughters, the second of whom, Johanna, married Sir David de la Roche, of Langum. Leland" mentions a "William de la Eoche, who married the daughter and co- heiress of Peter Delamere ; he would be a contemporary, but there is nothing to show that he came from this county.
There ai'e several charters referring to William, and we ha\4e now happily reached the time when these documents are dated, a custom which began about the reign of Edward II ; but some of these charters appear to refer to a second William. In 1324 he held of the Earl one fee at La Roche worth £20; in 1326 he held of the bishop Lysurane (Llysyfran) in capite as one fee/^ and half a fee at Oweynston (Eweston), and also at Neugol" (Newgale) ; in 1327 he was one of the court of the conspiracy trial before referred to in these papers f in 1330 he founded a chantry in the chapel of St. Thomas the Martyr by Pill Oliver (Dead Man's Lake), for the souls of his parents and of his family generally ;" in 1334 there was a fine in the court at Pembroke of Isabel, Lady of Clare (the guardian of the earldom during the minority of Lawrence Hastings), between him and Walter Alex, clerk (probably a trustee), as to land at Ayllwarston (AUeston) and Kingeston ;'° in 1336 John de Stackpole, chaplain, granted him £400 yearly rent out of the manors of Burton and Hodgeston ;" in 1353 he granted a lease of a messuage and land at Eoch to John Baret (the son of John) and Johanna, his wife ;" in 1358 he was appointed one of the bailiffs of David, lord
De la Roche.
of Fermoy, as above mentioned; and in 1367 he granted a lease of another messuage and land at Roch to Henry, son of Thomas Baret, for life, at a nominal rent; but Henry is to guard the castle and the prisoners, to do all necessary mason or carpenter work for repairs, and to dig stones for certain works, which then seemed to have been in progress there, the gael tenants of the manor to provide the carriage.^"
But it is probable that these two last documents refer to another William, a son and successor; and in 1298 we have a grant from Philip of Angle to William de la Roche of lands at Angle, Sepin Ilond (Sheep Island), and the windmill at Angle.'" (Windmills were introduced to this county by the Flemings long before they became general in England.) The explanation may be that William (the second) left as his heiress his sister Margot, whose only child Margaret married Sir Roger de Clarendon, and died without issue in 1382, when the barony of Roche was divided among the representatives of the co-heiresses (daughters of Thomas), and Roch Castle and some lands in county Tipperary fell to Thomas de la Roche of Lan- gum, who was descended from the David above mentioned, who married Johanna.
The barony of Roch consisted of the present parishes of Roch, Nolton, Camrose and Trefgarn, and we have seen how widely their possessions were distributed in other parts of the county. There was doubtless a fortress at Roch from early times, but the present castle was built at the close of the 13th century (there are later additions and some Tudor windows) ; and there is evidence that the building was not completed." It does not appear that the de la Roches lived there after they had attained to their great position, most of their charters are dated from Pill.
De la Roche.
They probably also occupied Benton Castle, a small fortress in theii- manor of Burton of the same date as Roch ; but Eoch Castle remained the tapd baronice.
There is ample evidence that the de la Roches of Lan- gum were a branch distinct from the lords of Roch until they were united by the marriage of David and Johanna ; their residence was either at the Castle House at Langum or at a house where now Grant Nash stands. They were bm-ied in the de la Roche Chapel in Langum ; the family of Roch Castle were bm-ied at Pill.
The first we hear of is Robert de la Roche, who was a witness to the Begerin charter, which shows that the three sons of Rodbert, son of Godebert, the Fleming, took the name of de la Roche. It is not too much to conjecture that he also had adopted the Norman custom, and he may have been the son of Richard, Rodbert's brother, above mentioned ; but of this there is no evidence. This Robert was granted Talbenny" by William Marshall, earl of Pem- broke, who died in 1219. His son was GeofPrey, who granted lands at Penvey to the monks of Whitland," which he warranted against all lawful men, Normans, Flemings, English and Welsh, which shews the mixed character of the inhabitants of the district in those days ; he was a witness to the charters of Thomas Wallensis and Tankard de la Roche and to a Kernes charter" in 1241 ; he was one of the Pembroke magnates who, in 1244, sent to John de Monmouth, chief bailiff of South Wales, an account of their attack upon Cardigan," and in 1251 he held two fees of the Earl. His successor was Gilbert, probably his son, who in 1268 was present at the fine between Philip de Stackpole and William de Crespyn," and in 1298 joined in the petition of the four co-heiresses of Robert de Vale (one of whom he had married) to the King's bailiffs at
75
De la Roche.
Haverford to do them right and justice as to Eobert's property."
In 1287 Gilbert granted, by a deed dated at Languui, the farm called Eusselsland to Philip, the son of Roger, and to Alice his wife for their lives." Among the wit- nesses to this charter was David de St. Patrick. This place, afterwards called Paterchurch, was originally Pat- rickchurch (compare Patterdale in Westmoreland, formerly St. Patrick's Dale) ; the site was within the Pembroke Dock-yard, still locally known as Patter Dock. In 1307 David de Villa Patrick was a juror at Pembroke. In 1362 David Paterchurch held with three co-parceners half a knight's fee at Sageston and Williamston Harvill*' (West Williamston). In 1447 David Paterhouse of Paterhouse was on a jury. This would seem to be the father of Elen who married John Adams of Buckspool, from which marriage came the family of Adams of Paterchurch and Holyland. John Adams, the great grandson of John and Elen, is the first recorded M.P. for Pembroke borough (in 1541) ; his son Henry (sheriff in 1588) and his grandson, Nicholas, were also members for the borough. Lewys Dwnn'° gives a pedigree of the Adams of Padrig Chyrch.
Among the charters to which Gilbert's name appears as witness, are those of William de Valence to Tenby, and those of Philip of Angle, Eoger Mortimer, Philip the son of Thomas Martin and Geoffrey of Uzmaston, above men- tioned ; in the later ones he is described as a knight. The heir of Gilbert was David, as appears from a charter of Geoffrey Hascard in 1303 as to a right of distress at Johnston.'' In the same year, as lord of Landegam and Maynclochant (Langum and Maenclochog), he granted to the abbot and convent of Whitland the right of pastur- age for seven years on his lands at Precelly and other movmtains and deserts in part payment for a horse" (the
76
De la Roche.
abbot would seem to have got the best of this deal) ; and in 1306 he granted to Alan, rector of Talbenny, a lease for his life of Talbenny Hall and a garden at le Brodemore" (Broodmoor) ; Alan was to keep the hall in the same state of repair as it then was, and apparently that state was not good. David was also a witness to charters ; in 1324 he held of the Earl a tenth of a fee at Osbarneston (Yerbe- ston), and, about the same time, of the bishop two carucates of land at Hendref Cradoc in the patria of Llawhaden." He must have died soon afterwards, for in 1326 Adam de la Roche held of the lord of Kernes three fees at Maenclochog, Monington and Llanychaer respectively." This is the only notice of Adam which I have found. It is probable that he was the eldest son of David, and that he was succeeded by his brother, the David who married Johanna de la Eoclie of Eoch Castle.
The son of the last David was Robert, who was present at the above mentioned fine of 1334. He was a knight, as was also his son John, who married Isabel de Bromwich, the heiress of Castle Bromwich in Warwickshire, and the widow of William de Peto. Dugdale, in his History of Warwickshire,'^ gives a short pedigree of the de la Roches.
Sir John died in 1376; his inquisition is extant" and we can learn the possessions of the Langum family. He held of the Earl the manor of Ladayn (?) in free burgage, and land at Yerbeston by military service; of the lord of Kernes, the castle and 200 acres of land at Maenclochog ; of the lord of Walwyn's Castle, the manor of Dale and lands at Snelleston (Snailston) and Raymes Castle (Ramas Castle, called by ignorant compilers of ordnance maps, Roman's Castle) ; of the barony of Roch, land at Frey- strop, parcel of the lordship of Stackpole ; of the lord of Haverford, the manors and advowsons of Langum and
77
De la Roche.
Talbenny, with other lands ; of the lord of Carew, land at Marteltwy, also parcel of Stackpole ; of Isabella, widow of Sir John Wogan (of Picton), land at Guilford, near Lan- gum ; also lands at Herbrandston.
John left an elder son, John, who died under age, and a younger son, Thomas, who succeeded him. In 1382 the custody of Thomas and of the manor of Langum in Wales, and of his share of the inheritance of the barony of Roch by the death of Margaret de Clarendon, above mentioned, was granted by the King to Sir Thomas de Bermingham," whose daughter Elizabeth afterwards married his ward. Margaret died on the 9th September 1382, and ten years afterwards Richard II, lord of Ireland and Haverford, issued a writ to the sheriff of the county of Haverford to partition the inheritance of the Rnches, of Roch Castle, between the representatives of the four daughters of Thomas de la Roche, of Roch Castle, that is to say, David Fleming, Thomas de la Roche of Langum, Sir Warine Archdekyn, and Eleanor, the wife of Robert Verney. The proceedings in the partition are fully set out in a roll of two membranes among the MSS. of Sir Alexander Acland-Hood, Bart., to which I have been allowed access. Prom the extent of the property we learn that there were in Roch Castle divers buildings in a ruinous state, and that the demesne consisted of seventeen messuages and six carucates of land worth eight pounds ; there were also six cottages, and the pasture of the moat was worth two marks. The buildings at the mansion of Castle Pill were partly standing and partly in ruin ; it had large gardens, and the demesne there was four carucates and thirty acres (that is to say, 158 acres). The demesne lands, rents, and services, were divided into four parts, and a share of "les colpyttes", the profits of Burton ferry, and other dues, was
78
De la Roche.
allotted to each. From the pedigree given in the roll it appears that Eleanor was the daughter of Lucia de la Eoche and William Levelance. Lewys Dwnn" has called this name Le Velans, and his editor has gravely noted that this Le Velans was William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, who died some hundred years before, and who certainly did not marry a de la Eoche.
As before stated, the de la Eoches still held lands in Ireland, to part of which Thomas succeeded upon the death of Margaret de Clarendon ; he was taken prisoner by the Welsh in Owen Glyndwr's rebellion in 1405,°° and he must have died before 1413 (at a comparatively early age), as we then have his widow Elizabeth mentioned." He left two daughters and co-heiresses, who were both mari-ied to men of mark : Eleanor to Edmund, Lord Ferrers of Chartley (from whom were descended the Devereux of Lamphey, Earls of Essex) ; and Elizabeth to Sir George Longueville of Wolverton, co. Bucks. Fenton" says that they soon sold the property, but this is not correct, for in the reign of Henry VIII Lord Ferrers and Sir John Longue- ville held Eoch Castle,"' and in that of Elizabeth the Earls of Essex and the Longuevilles still held de la Eoche propei-ty."*
Eoch Castle was held for the King in the civil war,"' and was even then called "a very considerable stronghold." It then became the property of the family of Walter, and eventually passed through Harries of Trevaccoon to Stokes of Cuffern. It now belongs to a scion of another historic Pembrokeshire family, the present member for the county, who has taken measures to prevent this famous landmark from falling into further decay.
There are other members of the family whom we meet in the records who cannot be identified, for instance,
79
De la Roche.
Walter de la Eoclie, of Woganston, who was on a jury in 1317.
The arms of de la Eoche were — Gules, three roaches naiant in pale argent.
-^
®^ ^tian.
The whole of the present hundred of Eoose was in the great lordship of Haverford and the Islands ; when the district was divided into parishes these Islands (Skomar and Shokholm) remained under the spiritual jurisdiction of the mother church of St. Martin's of HaA-erford. The lordship was held from time to time by the Earls of Pembroke (as was the later barony of Haverford) by the service of four knight's fees, and sometimes by the Crown itself, when the King had the chance and the strength to diminish the power of his great vassal. About the time of the Flemish settlement, the lordship was divided into the baronies of Haverford, Roch, and Walwyn's Castle, each held by seiwice of one fee and one-third. When the King was lord of Haverford he claimed that Roch was held of that lordship ; but Walwyn's Castle was held, as a rule, of the Earl.
The barony of Walwyn's Castle consisted of, besides outlying members, such as Burton and Flether Hill' (in Daugleddy), the present parishes of Walwyn's Castle, St.
De Brian.
Bride's, Hasguard, St. Ishmael, Marloes, Dale, Herbrand- ston, Hubberston, Talbenny, Haroldston West, Walton West and Robeston West.^
The barony of Walwyn's Castle was held for many generations by the de Brians, who came from Tor Brian in Devon ; they had great possessions in the West Country, and also held the lordship marcher of Laugharne. We find little notice of them in the county records, they lived elsewhere, and as early as 1307 their " habitable house " at the cafut baronice was in ruins. ^ The difficulty of tracing the pedigree, owing to the sameness of the Christian names, is greater here than in other cases ; except an occasional William, the heir of the house was always called Guy ; we have five, and in some pedigrees six, Guy de Brians in succession.'
The de Brians held Laugharne in the reign of King John, and, it is probable, Walwyn's Castle also ; but this was not an appanage of Laugharne, as Fenton' states, as in 1247, and again in 1331, the de Bi-ians held it of the Earl, whereas they held Laugharne direct of the King. (In 1 470 Walwyn's Castle was held by William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, of the King ut de corond.y In 1219 William de Brian was a witness to the charter to Haverford of William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke ; this William would seem to have been the father of the first of the Guys, above-mentioned, the reputed builder of Laugharne Castle, who (1248-1255) granted the manor of Eglwys Cummin to Thomas Wallensis, Bishop of St. David's,' and whose daughter Maud married Nicholas Martin, lord of Kemes, (who died in 1284), and afterwards Geoffrey, son of William and Johanna Camville. It was this Guy de Brian who was a witness to the charters of the Earls Gilbert and Walter Marshall to Gilbert de Vale.'
Dc Brian.
In 1270 there was a tine between Andrew Wake and Johanna liis wife, plaintiffs, and William de Caniville and Johanna his wife, defendants. ' Johanna Camville was the widow of William de Brian, son and heir of Guy, who had endowed her, at the church door on his marriage, with one- third of the Manor of Tor Brian :'" this was allowed to be the riglit of the iDlaintiffs, who for this concession granted to the defendants one-third of the Manors of Pererston (Pierston) and Popileton (?) in the county of Pembroke for their lives, with ultimate reversion to the right heirs of Guy de Brian.
Guy, the son (or probably the younger brother) of William, died in 1307, and it is from his inquisition that \ve learn the extent of the barony, as above stated. His son Guy mai-ried, as a second wife, Gwenllian, a Welsh- woman; he was governor of Haverford in 1330," and in the next year was found lunatic ;" the barony was resumed by the King, but seisin thereof was delivered to Guy, the son of the lunatic. The Black Book of St. David's" says that Kilbarth, Frowlynchirche (Spital?), Scaueton (Scol- ton), and Hethoke (Haythog), were formerly held as one fee by Guy de Brian, but were in 1326 in the hands of the Bishop. Guy, the lunatic, died in 1349."
His son was the famous Sir Guy de Brian, Knight of the Gai-ter and Standard-bearer to Edward III. He was twice mariied, his first wife was Joan, daughter of Sir John Carew." He was seneschal of Pembroke in 1340;" he claimed to hold Walwyn's Castle of the King in capite, as he did Laugharne, but the claim could not be sustained. He died in 1390 in extreme old age, and was bui-ied in Tewkesbury Abbey. His son, the last of the Guys, had died in 1386, leaving two daughters and co-heiresses, Phillippa and Elizabeth. Phillippa married twice but left no issue ;
83
De Brian.
Elizabeth married Sir Robert Lovel, and left an heiress, Maud; Maud married Sir Richard Stafford, and left yet another heiress, Avice. Avice brought the barony (and also Laugharne) to her husband, James Butler, who was created Earl of Wiltshire in 1449, succeeded his father as Earl of Ormond in 1452, and was beheaded in 1461.
Avice died without issue in 1456 ; and thereafter was much contention for the de Brian possessions among the heirs general,^'' who were descended from the daughters of the great Sir Gruy, whose other son, William, had died without issue in 1397. The deed of arrangement is extant, and is dated 16th December 1488; under it the barony of Walwyn's Castle was allotted to Henry, Earl of North- umberland, in whose family it remained until the attainder of his successor in 1572.
The barony had before that date been united to the new shire of Pembroke, but the Pembrokeshire possessions of the de Brians (and Laugharne) were granted to Sir John Perrot.
The de Brian arms were — Or, three piles in point
^^it6utn of (gn^U.
Fenton' derives this place-name from the Latin Angultis, but it is obviously from a Norse word, meaning- a bay, which appears in Anglesey. There was an old Norse colony here, as at Langum. It was formerly called Nangle ;■' the "N" may be a sui-vival of the prefix atten, which explains some English place-names beginning with that letter; the supei'fluous "N" remains in Narberth, Norchard, and Nolton, formerly Arberth, Orchard, and Olton.
Fenton, in the same passage, states that the Shirburns were the ancient lords of Angle ; but there was a family there before them who, as was the custom before the adoption of surnames, were called from their place of residence and styled in charter Latin de Angulo. They took part in the Pembrokeshire conquest of Ireland ; Gilbert of Angle was granted a large tract in co. Meath, lost it by rebellion, was pardoned in 1207, and granted lands in Connaught,' where his descendants, becoming "more Irish than the Irish", took the name of Mac Hostilo, since corrupted into Costello.' Jocelin, his brother {?), was granted Navan, in Meath,' and founded
85
Shirburn of Angle.
the great Irish house of the Nangles, lords of Navan. There are also Irish grants in 1215 to Walter" and Philip of Angle, the grant to the latter being confirmed in 1232."
Ireland became the principal home of the family, and the county records of them are scanty. In 1247, Richard of Angle held of the Earl a knight's fee at Angle ; then there was a Stephen, whose son and heir Philip, in 1273, granted various lands, demesnes, and services, in and about Angle, together with "wreck of the sea", to Robert of Shirburn, with remainder in default of male issue to his (Robert's) daughter, Joan, wife of Robert de Castro, with remainder to the right heirs of Robei-t of Shirburn." This was the Philip who, in 1298, granted to William de la Roche the charter mentioned in the note' on that family ; from this charter we learn that the name of Philip's mother was Isabella. Thereafter the Nangles became Irish lords only, for although in 1314 and 1375 we find Philip of Angle and his son John holding a fee nominally of the Earl, it would seem that the domain was in the Shirburns.
The Shirburns held Angle for some two centuries, and the ruins of theii' habitation are still to be seen there. The first of the family of whom we hear was John, who, as sheriff of Pembroke, witnessed the confirmation by Nicholas Fitz Martin of the grant of Fishguard to St. Dogmael's. As his son, Robert, above mentioned, was also sheriff of Pembroke (see the de la Roche charter of 1298) it is evident that the Shirburns were high in the favour of the Bar], and it may be that John came to the county in the train of the great Earl, William de Valence. The home of the Shirburns was in Lancashire.
The next Shirburn was Walter, who was a juror at Pembroke in 1327 and 1331; after him came Nicholas,
86
Shirburn of Angle.
apparently his son. This Nichohis received in 1340, from Lawrence Hastings, the then Earl, a general pardon for offences, committed probably during that Earl's long minority, with the saving clause that he should come into the Earl's court if any man had aught against him ; the document is extant, with a seal, having on one side the figure of the earl on horseback, and on the other the Hastings arms." Nicholas died in 1350 ; his wife's name was Margaret, and his son John (whose marriage was worth twenty marks) was then 18 years of age ; he held of the Earl 53s. M. rent at Scorlageston, and in Angle 2^ carucates worth 100s., and 100s. rent." John was a juror at Pembroke in 1357, and in the next year Sir William de Carew held of him, by military service, ten messuages, five carucates, and three bovates of land at Angle. '^
John died in 1362, his daughter and heiress, Alice, was then ten years old ; he held of the Earl (John Hastings, then a minor) thirty acres at Coedrath, worth 4s., by service of M,. yearly, and three burgages in Pembroke worth &s. M. by service of 3s., but it is to be noted that he held the rent at Scorlageston, and half a knight's fee there of Edward, Lord le Despenser, lord of Glamorgan." Of Alice, and indeed of the Shirburns, we find nothing fui-ther except that, as late as 1447, Nicholas Carew held lands at Angle of Edward Shii-burn by military service, and suit of Edward's court at Angle." This Edward was the founder of the chapel of St. Anthony at Angle.
Eenton" says that Eobert Cradock, lord of Newton in Eoose, (Newton Noyes), married a Shirburn heiress; if this be so, Alice must have died without issue. The Cradocks were a family who came from Ystrad Towy, and had been settled at Newton for some generations ; they had intermarried with the leading families in the
87
Shirbiirn of Angle.
county. John Cradoclc was a witness to the Angle charter of 1273. John Cradock of Newton was a juror in 1327, and William Cradock, also described as of Newton, was a debtor to Roger Mortimer in 1331. Another John held lands in Castlemartin in 1347,'" and died in 1350, holding of the Earl lands at Newton and Coedrath; the jury said that Roger, his son, being then of the age of 17 years, married (Marjory) the daughter of Nicholas Shirburn on the morrow of his father's death, and that his marriage was worth twenty marks." This is the person whom Fenton, following Lewys Dwnn," calls Robert Cradock. Nicholas Shirburn died, as we have seen, in the same year, and his daughters, on the failiu-e of issue of his son John, would have inherited ; but what share the Cradocks had in the Shirburn inheritance does not appear. Roger was buried at Angle.'-
John Cradock, the son of Roger, married the daughter of Peter Russell," who held lands in Hay's Castle ; John was a juror at Pembroke in 1377. In the same year, his brother David was justiciary in South Wales, and in the next, seneschal of Haverford.'^"
In 1430, there was a fine in the court of Sir Roland Lenthal, lord of Haverford, between Richard Cradock and Emma his wife, and John Crespyng and others, as to lands in Southill.^' This may have been the Richard Cradock who was a juror at Pembroke in 1447; but before that date the head of the house had changed his Welsh sur- name for the territorial designation of the home of his fathers.
This was the famous lawyer. Sir Richard Newton (grandson of the above John Cradock), who was appointed justice itinerant of Pembroke" for 1426-7, recorder of Bi-istol in 1430, judge of the Common Pleas in 1438, and
Shirhurn of Angle.
Lord Chief Justice of that court in 1439 ;" he died in 1448 and was probably buried at Yatton," in Somerset, where he had acquired an estate, and where some of his pos- terity remained." The descendants of his younger son became baronets of Barr's Coui't" in Gloucestershire ; the title became extinct in 1743. Sir Richard was twice married: first to Emma, daughter (but not heiress as Fenton"' states) of Thomas Perrot of Haroldston; and secondly to Emmota Harvey, of London (who was buried at Yatton). He had issue by both wives. The writer of his life in the Dictionary of National Biography makes Sir Richard to be the son of John Cradock of Newton, in Montgomeryshire, but most authorities have followed the better opinion that Newton was in Roose, and that the Lord Chief Justice was a Pembrokeshire man."
According to Fenton,'' Sir Richard disposed of his pro- perty in the county ; but the Newtons remained. In 1500 there is an inquisition as to the bounds between the lands of Richard Newton in Jeffreyston and of Isabella Wogan at Langonet^' (Landigwynet). The will of this Richard Newton is extant, and is dated in that year.'" He seems to have had considerable property "m the shire of Pembroke and in the lordship of Haverford ". He endows the chapel of St. George the Martyr," "of the Nangill," to augment the stipend of a priest to pray for the souls of the Shirburns, and provides for a stained glass window over the altar in the chapel, depicting the life and history of the saint. Among his bequests are those to the Cathe- dral church of St. David, " my moder churche," to the high altar of St. Nicholas, Monkton, to the prior and convent of Monkton, and to his servants. These last are to be rewarded " a gentilman as a gentilman, and a yeoman after his degree". He left two daughters, but no
Shirburn of Angle.
legitimate male issue, and was probably the last of his name and race.
The arms of the Shirburns were — Yair, an eagle dis- played or.
®e (pafe.
The family of tie Vale, or Dale, did not hold immediately of the Earl of Pembroke ; they had large possessions, principally in the baronies of Walwyn's Castle and of Kemes, and as their history is somewhat obscm-e it may be useful to state what is known about them. The fii'st we hear of is Hubert, who held lands at Maenclochog-, and was a witness to Mai-tin de Tours' charter to St. Dog- mael's.' This was late in the reign of Henry I, and about the same time, namely in 1131, there is mention of a Hubert and his son William." In 1155 a Hubert de Vale held lands at Chippenham in the county of Wilts ;' there is nothing to show that this was the same man, and the name de Vale apj^ears in various contemporary records in other counties.
About 1219 Raymond and Gilbert and, some ten years later, Gilbert and Walter, were witnesses to the Marshall charters to Haverford ; this would seem to be the same Gilbert who in 1207 had a successful suit' against William de Brian for half a knight's fee at Castellogh (in Carmar- then), and who was a witness to David de la Roche's
De Vale.
charter to St. David's.' But there must have been two Gilberts de Vale in succession, as a Gilbert was a witness, as seneschal of Pembroke, to Walter Marshall's charter to Monkton Priory (1241-6), and to the charters by Thomas Wallensis and to Tankard de la Roche, mentioned in the de la Roche paper." The later Gilbert had a grant from Gilbert Marshall, Earl of Pembroke (1234-41) of the mill at St. Ishmael's, and a carucate of land there, also of the stream of Corslery to make a fishei'y for eels (but in the construction of the weir he is to be careful not to damage the Earl's moor) ; and another grant from Walter Marshall, the brother and successor of Gilbert, of further land adjoining.' The same Gilbert de Vale also granted to Nicholas Fitz Martin, lord of Kemes, pleas of theft and murder in all his lands in Kemes except Little Newcastle, and his name appears first among the wit- nesses to the agreement between Nicholas and Jordan of Cantington.'
The fortune of the house culminated in Robert, the last of the male line, who was one of the leading men in Pembrokeshire in the reign of Edward I. He was a wit- ness to the charter of Thomas Wallensis, mentioned above, and to the Precelli charter of Nicholas Fitz Martin, in which last he is described as a knight." He had bought land at Little Newcastle of Isabella, the wife of Roger the Carver, and there is extant a bond by Isabella for the quiet enjoyment of the land by the lord Robert de Vale, under a penalty of one hundred pounds of silver and excom- munication by the Lord Bishop of St. David's." In 1268 he was present at the fine in the court of Pembroke between Philip of Stackpole and William Crespyng; he was a witness to Adam Baret's charter as to Ford, to William de Valence's charter to Tenby, and to that by Geoffrey
92
De Vale.
Fitz Robert, lord of Usmazton, of the aclvowson of that church to St. David's.
In 1298 he obtained from the King a grant of a weekly market and an annual fair (to last three days) for his manor of Dale, and the like for his manor of Redwalls" (Fagwyr Goch in Morvill parish). In the following years he was involved, as regards his fees at Mulhok and Byketon (Mullock and Bicton), in the proceedings between Earl William de Valence and the bailifPs of Queen Eleanor ;" but in his case also the Earl was unable to maintain his claim, for in 1297 there was a writ to the King's bailiff at Haverford ordering him to take into the King's hands all the lands in his bailiwick of which Robert de Vale, who held of the King in capite, was seised at the date of his death." He seems to have held lands in Ireland, as in 1283 he had a licence to appear by attorney in the Irish Courts." There is also a letter from Earl William de Valence to the King, praying that Robert de Vale, whose presence in West Wales was necessary for the King's ser- vice, should be excused from attendance at certain legal proceedings at Shrewsbury.'"
Sir Robert was married twice, first to Avelina de Wide- worth," and then to Margaret, who survived him ; he left four daughters, and his estate was divided into foui- por- tions, as appears from the charter in 1303 of Geoffrey Hascard as to a rent at Johnston, which had been granted to him by David de la Roche, which he calls upon the heii's of Robert de Vale to warrant." These heirs were : Gilbert de la Roche (of Llangum), the husband of one of the daughters and the father of David ; John Wogan, who had married Margaret, daughter of Sir Robert, or, accord- ing to another account, daughter of Roger Corbet and Nesta de Vale ; Thomas de Rosshall, who had married
93
De Vale.
Nesta, the widow of Eoger Corbet : Llywelyn ap Owen (a descendant of the Lord Rhys), who married Elen de Vale and had Trefgarn Owen for his share (their youngest son Thomas had two daughters, one of whom was the mother of Owen Glyndwr, and the other the grandmother of Owen Tudor) ;" and John de Sutton, who was a husband or son of another daughter." Teuton, following Lewys Dwnn,"" mentions another daughter, Sarah, who married William of Philbeach ; she was obviously not a daughter of Sir Robert, she may have been a daughter of John of Sutton.
Roger Corbet was of Chaddesley in Worcestershire ; his widow, as above stated, married Thomas of Rosshall,°' in Shropshire, who had merely a life interest, as we find the Corbets holding de Vale property in the county for some generations. In 1307 they held of Guy de Brian one fee at Dale and half a fee at Walton" (West) ; and in 1326 William, the son of Roger, held of William Martin, lord of Kernes, one fee at Henry's Moat worth £4, and one at Diffrantha (Llanfirnach) worth 60s." It is worthy of note that the same document states that many of William Martin's tenants held of him in chief, fees which were divisible among co-heirs male, according to the custom of those parts.
In 1327 William Corbet (then a knight) was present at the court of Pembroke, and in 1334 he settled his lands in the counties of Pembroke, Haverford, and Carmarthen, which included, besides the fees mentioned above, the manors and advowsons of Lawrenny and Begelly in the barony of Carew, and a rental at Ramascastle in the barony of Walwyn's Castle.'* William Corbet was suc- ceeded by his son, Peter, who died in 1362,^' and he by his grandson, John, who died in 1370, and was succeeded by
94
De Vale.
his brother, William, who only held the property seven years, and left as his heir Margaret,"" the wife of William Wirriot of Orielton, who on her husband's death married Gilbert Denys. The Corbets had large estates in Shrop- shire and Gloucestershire, and took little part in Pem- brokeshire history. The Stepneys and the Wogans inter- married with them.
As above stated, the first wife of Sir Eobei-t de Vale was Avelina de Wideworth ; the story of the Wideworths who held lands at Torrington, in Devon, shows the intimate connection between Pembrokeshire and the West Country in those days.
The first we hear of in the county was William, who in 1225 was bailiff or sheriff to William Marshall, Earl of Pembroke, as appears by a writ directing him to restore the lands of Maelgwn, which had been occupied since the truce between the Earl and Prince Llywelyn ;-' William was witness to the Marshall charters to Haverford.
In ] 246 David, a younger son of William, held half a knight's fee in Pembroke ; in 1268 he was present (then being a knight) at the Stackpole and Crespyng fine, and about the same time, at the grant of Fishguard to St. Dogmael's by Wilham de Cantinton. About 1251 Eobert Fitz Payne, in right of his wife Nesta, a Welsh-woman, and David de Wideworth, in right of his father, claimed a mountain of 100 acres against Walter de Penbrok, which the jury said belonged to Walter as owner for life of the manor of Culmstock in North Devon, in which the moun- tain was situated.'' Who this Walter of Pembroke was we do not know. Avelina (above mentioned) was the heiress of David (she may have been his daughter, but this is not clear), and brought Wideworth lands to the heirs of de Vale. De la Pole, in his History of Devon,''^ says that
95
De Vale.
Culm Davey (now Columb David, near Culmstock), belonged to Sir David de Wideworth, who had his dwelling in Wales, and that afterwards it was held by Sir John Wogan and by Eoger Corbet.
The Golden Grove Booh says that the arms of de Vale were — Argent, three oaken branches or, slips vert.^"
Bau^^atu of ^t ^tibts.
In later Pembrokeshire story the Laugharnes were a family of great importance, but their origin is obscure; it is probable that they took their name from the town, which was afterwards included in Carmarthenshire.
Fenton gives a legend that the original Laugharne came from Cornwall, was shipwrecked near St. Bride's, and found on the beach by the heiress of John de St. Bride (who joined the standard of Henry VII at Milford), that he married the heiress and founded the Pembrokeshire Laugharnes.' It is a pretty story, but like many pretty stories, it is not true. The Laugharnes had been in the county long before the time of the Tudors. A John de St. Bride was a witness (1241-5) to Earl Walter Marshal's chai-ter to Gilbert de Vale." Another John de St. Bride was a witness to the arbitration in 1345 between the Precentor and Chapter of St. David's and the tenants in Hayscastle of Sir Peter Russell f this is worthy of note, as Richard, the son of the first authentic Laugharne, married a daughter of this same Sir Peter; another daughter married (as we have seen) John Cradock.* We find several Russells witnesses to charters in the 13th and 14th cen-
97
Laugharne of St. Brides.
turies; they held lands at Brimaston, Rhindaston (Villa iieyneri), and elsewhere, of the bishop and of the lords of Roch.
Richard Laugharne above mentioned, who mai-ried Joan Russell, was the son of Richard Laugharne, collector of the customs on wool at Haverford from 1304 to 1309 ; the audit of his accounts is extant.' In 1324 Richard Laugharne (as also a John de Laugharne) was on a jury at Haverford. In 1378 an enquiry was held whether it would be to the damage of the King, or of any other person, if Richard, the son (therein described as of Haver- ford), gave £4 5s. of rent out of a tenement in Haverford, which he held of Sir Thomas Felton (Justice of Chester") and Elizabeth his wife, to certain chaplains to celebrate divine service in the chapel of the Holy Trinity over the gate at Haverford ; it was found that it would not, and Richard was allowed to make the donation.'
Thomas, the son of Richard the younger, married Joan, daughter and co-heiress of Philip Crabhole, and is described in the pedigrees as of St. Bride's, which he acquired by his marriage ; he was a witness to a Malefant charter in 1444 and died before 1447, as in that year Nicholas Carew held of Joan, his widow, and Thomas Wirriot certain lands at Williamston. The Laugharnes inter-married with the leading county families and acquired large estates. Thomas left two sons, Philip and John, and several daughters.
The next step in the pedigree is proved by the pro- ceedings taken in 1543 by Owen Laugharne to recover a messuage and two carucates of land at Little Marloes. Owen produced in court a charter, dated 26th April 1482, by which Joan Herbord granted the tenement in question to John Laugharne and his heirs, with remainder to
Laugharne of St. Brides.
Thomas (the son of Pliilip) ; evidence was given that John died in the i-eign of the then King (Henry VIII), leaving an only child, Dorothy, who died without issue, and that the property then descended to the plaintifP as the son and heir of David Laugharne, the son of the last-mentioned Thomas. Owen Laugharne died in 1550; he married the daughter of Henry Wirriot, of Orielton, who is called in the pedigree Katherine, but in the above-mentioned pro- ceedings, Matilda ; his inquisition is extant, with a long account of his possessions."
Francis, the son of Owen Laugharne, was sheriff of the county in 1568 and 1578, the probate of his will is dated 12th November 1583, and is in the writer's possession. Rowland, the son of Francis, was sheriff in 1586, he died in 1587, having married Lettice, daughter of Sir John Perrot; his marriage settlement" was executed in three parts, one part is among the Laugharne deeds in the writer's possession. Lettice brought St. Bride's to her second husband, Walter Vaughan, who was sheriff in 1594. Rowland had a younger brother, Thomas, who was the father of two sons : William, described in the pedigrees as of Llwyngwarren (now corrupted with Llangwarren), and Francis, the ancestor of the Laugharnes of Laugharne. William married Ursula, the daughter of George Owen, lord of Kemes, and the widow of Thomas Mathias, who brought Llangwarren'" to her second husband for his life ; William was a member of the Committee of Safety for the counties of Pembroke, Carmarthen and Cardigan, nominated by the Houses of Parliament in 1644."
Rowland Laugharne of St. Bride's, had two childi'en: John, sheriff in 1631, who married Janet, daughter of Sir Hugh Owen of Orielton and Elizabeth Wyrriot ; and Dorothy, who married John Owen, the elder brother of
Laugharne of St. Brides.
Janet, from which marriage the baronets of Orielton were descended.
John Laiigharne of St. Bride's had several children ; his youngest son Trancis married Lettice, daughter and co-heiress of James Vaughan of Pontvaen, and was the ancestor of the Laugharnes of Pontvaen ; his eldest son, Rowland, was the famous Major-General, the most promi- nent soldier of the Parliamentary forces in South Wales during the Civil War. He began life as a page to Robert Devereux, the third Earl of Essex (whose connection with the county has before been alluded to), the General of the first army raised by the Parliament. Under such auspices Laugharne's rise was rapid ; in 1642 he was made Governor of Pembroke and Commander of the Parliament soldiers in the county; he drove out the Earl of Carbery and the Royalists, and he besieged and took several strongholds in the three counties of Pembroke, Carmarthen, and Cardigan, for which he was made Major-General. In 1645 he defeated the Royalists under Stradling and Egerton at a decisive battle at Colby Moor in Wiston parish ; curiously enough Fenton,'^ although he found relics of the fight and had heard the local tradition about it, could ascertain no particulars of what happened ; another local tradition, also testified by relics, states that the Royalists, in their flight towards Haverford, held the ancient encampment at the Rath in Rudbaxton parish, and were driven out by Laugharne ; but in all these local traditions of the Civil War it is Cromwell who gets the credit. By an ordinance of Parliament dated the 4th of March 1646, the Lords and Commons, taking into consideration the " great and faithful services" of the Major-General, granted the forfeited estate, at Slebech, of John Bai-low to him and " his heirs for ever". These last words have in such times
Lajigharne of St. Brides.
a doubtful value ; a few years later Lauglianie had revolted from the Parliament, and all his estates were confiscated. The reason he gave for this singular change of position was that his soldiers had not been paid, and that Colonel Horton had been sent down to interfere in his command ; but it is probable that his conduct was influenced by the circumstances of the resignation of his old friend and patron, the Earl of Essex.
In 1648, John Poyer, "the fighting Mayor of Pem- broke," had also revolted from the Parliament and set up the standard of the King at Pembroke Castle ; he was joined by Eice Powell, a soldier of fortune and another old Parliamentary hand, and by Laugharne ; Poyer and his allies marched on Glamorgan, were defeated with great loss by Horton at St. Pagan's (where Laugharne was woimded), and fled home to Pembroke. They were there besieged by Cromwell in person, who took up his abode at Welston, and they sm-rendered to him on July 11th, 1648. Laugharne, Poyer and Powell were tried by court-martial and sentenced to death. They were, however, allowed to cast lots for life, a little child drew three pieces of paper, on two of them was written "Life given of God" ; the third was blank and fell to Poyer, who was shot at Covent Garden. Laugharne was banished and fell on evil days, but he lived to receive a pension at the Eestoration, and he sat in the Parliament of 1661 as M.P. for Pembroke ; he died in 1676." St. Bride's he had again, but Slebech, after being granted to Horton, who destroyed the books and manuscripts, was restored to the Barlows.
Rowland, the son of the Major-Geueral, and accord- ing to some accounts, the M.P. of 1661, had two sons: John, who married Anne, daughter of Lewis Wogan, of Boulston, and died without issue in 1715 on the night of
Laugharne of St. Brides.
his re-election as M.P. for Haverfordwest (for which borough he had sat continuously since 1702) ; and Eowland, who died without issue in 1691, and is buried in the nave of Salisbury Cathedral ; there is a Latin epitaph on his monumental slab. The St. Bride's estates, therefore, were ultimately divided among the three married daughters of Eowland Laugharne (the second) ; Philippa, who married (as his second wife) Charles Phillips of Sandy Haven ; Albinia, who married William, the son of Charles PhiUipps, by his first wife Anne (one of the four daughters and co- heiresses of William Phillipps, of Haythog) ; and Anne, who married David Allen, of Fopston, whose younger son John married Joan Bartlett, the heiress of CresseUy.
Prom Charles Phillipps and Philippa came the Laugharnes of Orlandon (which Penton'* says was before their time called Humprey) ; their grandson Rowland married Ann, daughter of James Laugharne, vicar of St. Mary's, Haverfordwest, who had married his cousin, Katherine Laugharne ; Katherine was the sister of John Laugharne, of Pontvaen, who by his will, dated 12tli May 1742, devised his estates in the counties of Pembroke and Carmarthen to his niece Ann ; Rowland Phillipps after his marriage took the name of Phillipps-Laugharne. Row- land Henry, the grandson of this Rowland, inherited the Picton baronetcy upon the death of the first Lord Milford in 1823, and took the name of Laugharne-Philipps ; he was succeeded by his brother. Sir William, and his nephew. Sir Godwin (the son of Sir William) ; Sir Godwin died without issue in 1857, and the old Picton baronetcy passed to the heir of Richard Phillipps (younger brother of Charles, of Sandy Haven), Governor of Nova Scotia from 1720 to 1730, and ancestor of Sir James Erasmus PhiKpps, the twelfth baronet of Picton.
Langharne of St. Bride's.
Charles Phillipps, the son of William and Albinia, had St. Bride's in his share of the Laugharne estates ; he left the old house of the Laugharnes, which Fenton" says, from the remains which were to be seen in his time, must have been the finest place in the county with the exception of the castles and the bishop's palaces, and built a house adjoining (since rebuilt) which he called Hill. St. Bride's Hill passed through the Aliens, a branch of the house of Gellyswick who took the name of Philipps, to Harries, of Llanunwas, and thence to Lord Kensington.
The arms of the Laugharnes were — Gules, three lion's
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lil^i^Si |
m-'^^'(^^wp.W^Mk |
^^'^m |
|
^jfef |
^S^0W^^m |
^Mei^^P |
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iMA |
^&^^^m |
O^tn of GtkUon,
The first inhabitants of Orielton of whom there is any record were the Wirriots, who lived there for many centuries, until the heiress of the family married Hugh Owen; they did not hold directly of the Earl, so the notices of them are few. Gerald speaks of a Stephen Wiriet living in these parts about 1180, in whose house an unseen spirit used to hold unpleasant conversations,' this house may have been Orielton.
It is evident that the Wirriots were early of importance in the county; to the Angle charter^ of 1273 Sir David Wirriot is a witness, his name coming next after that of Sir Richard de Stackpole ; a David Wirriot was a witness to the Angle Charter" of 1298, but this could not have been the same man, as he is not numbered among the knights. Another Wirriot knight was Sir Eichard, who witnessed Aymer de Valence's grant to Slebech in 1323.' Thomas Wirriot was a jui'or at Pembroke in 1331 and again in 1357 ; he died in 1362, and we find from his inquisition,* which was not taken until 1374, that his heir was another Thomas (which was a favourite Wirriot name), then aged 20, and that he held of PhiUp Eosser by military service a
104
Owen of Orielton.
messuage and carucate of land at Aroueston (Rowston) worth ten shillings, and of John de (Jarew glebe at Gum- freston worth four pence, and the advowson of that church by military service. The rector of Gumfreston in 1374 was William Seys, who belonged to a family who held Merrion of the Earl," and of whom we have occasional notices in the 14th century.
Contemporary with the Thomas who died in 1362 was David Wirriot, who held of John de Carew land at Gold- smith Angle (Goldborough?), but what kin he was we do not know. Another contemporary was Sir Wilcock (or William) Wirriot, with whom the pedigree of the family in the Golden Grove Book begins ; this Sir Wilcock had a daughter Catherine who married Sir William Wogan of Wiston, and a son William, who, as we have seen in the de Vale paper," married Margaret Corbet. William and Margaret succeeded to the Corbet property in Gloucester- shire' in 1877 ; two years later they obtained a licence to settle that property on themselves and their issue with re- mainder to the heirs of Margaret; as it passed to Margaret's second husband, Gilbert Denys, and his heirs, it appears that William had no issue, although the pedigree makes the next Thomas Wirriot of Orielton to be his son by Margaret, and the father of Richard, who married Isabel the daughter of Philip Crabhole, the father of another Richard, who married Eleanor the daughter of Sir Thomas Perrot (of Scotsborough, who died in 1461).
But the pedigree would seem to be incorrect, as in 1 384 Richard Wirriot, who was evidently in the direct line, was found entitled, in right of his wife, to a messuage and two carucates of land at Powerscourt, forfeited in 1376 by Thomas Power for felony. Powerscourt, previously called Piscanernaw and afterwards Poytiston, is Poyerston in
Owen of Orielton.
Carew parish. Eichard's wife was Elena, the daughter of Margaret, the daughter of Richard Hascard/ who had died in that year (1384) ; Elena was then 18 years of age, and had married Eichard in the lifetime of her grandfather." The Hascards had for 150 years previously held lands of the de la Eoches at Hasguard, Johnston and Winkhill (Winsell), and were witnesses to several de la Eoche charters. In the same year Eichard Wirriot was ordered to take into the King's hands the Castle and Manor of Manorbier, formerly of William de Windsor," and in 1392 he was a juror at Pembroke ; it seems probable that Eichard succeeded to Orielton on the death of William, who married the Corbet heiress.
A Thomas Wirriot, not mentioned in the pedigree, married, in 1447, Johanna, widow of Thomas Laugharne of St. Bride's, another daughter and co-heiress of Philip Crabhole, who had dower lands in Williamstown held by Nicholas Carew. It was this Thomas "Wyryot" who, with other Pembrokeshire men among the followers of the "good Duke Humphrey" (Earl of Pembroke as well as Duke of Gloucester), was thrown into prison after the arrest of his master for high treason at Bury St. Edmund's in that same year" (1447).
Another Thomas Wirriot was the father of Henry, who married Margaret, one of the many illegitimate children of Sir Ehys ap Thomas, and was sherifP of the county in 1548 and 1559. Their son, George, the last of the Wirriots of Orielton, was sheriff in 1577 ; Thomas Wirriot," the deadly enemy of Sir John Perrot, was his younger brother ; George Wirriot married Jane, daughter of John Phillipps of Picton, and his surviving child, Elizabeth, brought Orielton by her marriage in 1571 to Hugh ap Owen. From this marriage came the great house of Owen of
Otven of Orieltoti.
Orielton, a ruling family in the county until recent memory, who continuously served the offices of sheriff, lord lieutenant, and member of Parliament. It is to George Wirriot that Pembroke is said to be indebted for the Town Clock conduit water supply.
Hugh ap Owen, in accordance with the custom of the time, dropped his Welsh prefix and called himself Hugh Owen, and it may be noted that his brother Richard ap Owen, in 1571, held of George Wirriot land at Orielton as of his manor of Cocheston, and at Poytiston (Poyerston) as of his manor of Marteltwy. Hugh Owen (he was after- wards knighted) was the eldest son of Owen ap Hugh, of an ancient family long resident at Bodeon in Anglesey, and his connection with the county was that his mother was sister to Mrs. John Phillipps of Picton (they were daughters of Sir William Griffith of Penrhyu in Carnarvon), he was therefore a "Welsh uncle" to his wife. He was a barris- ter of Gray's Inn, much affected by Welshmen, joined the Carmarthen Circuit of the Great Sessions, and was ap- pointed recorder of Cai-marthen in 1574; he was sheriff of Pembrokeshire in 1583, and of Anglesey in 1608. He was buried at Monkton, as were many of his descendants ; his inquisition," taken at the Castle of Haverford in 1615, sets out the vast estates of George Wirriot all over South Pembrokeshire ; he married as his second \vife, Lucy, the daughter of Henry, the Earl of Northumberland, whose local connection has been noticed in the de Brian paper."
Sir Hugh left his Anglesey estates to his second son, William, whose granddaughter Anne brought them back to Orielton by her marriage with the second baronet. His eldest son John, who married Dorothy Laugharne, died before him, leaving a large family, of whom Hugh, the
Owen of Orielton.
eldest, succeeded him. Arthur, another son, is described as of New Moat (having married the widow of John Scour- field), and took the side of the Parliament in the Civil War ; he was M.P. for the county, as was also his son John (sheriff in 1684), who married the daughter and co- heiress of Thomas Owen of Trecwn. Hugh, the eldest son, sheriff in 1634 and 1654, was created a baronet in 1641 (the order was instituted in 1611), and sat in Parliament for Pembroke and Haverfordwest. At the outbreak of the Civil War he declared for the Parliament ; afterwards he favoured Poyer and Laugharne in their rebellion ; he changed sides more than once during the war, but he seems to have done so judiciously, as he stayed on at Oriel- ton until his death in 1670.
By his first wife Frances Phillipps, daughter of the first baronet of Picton, Sir Hugh had a son John, who died in his father's lifetime without issue (John was not a lucky name at Orielton) ; and by his second wife, he had Sir Hugh his successor, and Arthur, to whom he devised lands and coal mines at Coedcanlas and Freystrop, and lands in the parishes of Burton and Haskett (Hasguard) and his other lands in Eoose. This Arthur sat for the Pembroke boroughs in the Parliaments from 1679 to 1690 ; he is described as of Johnston ; his first wife was a granddaugh- ter of Sir Henry Horsey, who bought Johnston from the last of the Butlers, a branch of the Devereux family who had settled there for some generations. The Anne Owen celebrated as Lucasia in the poems of the " Matchless Orinda" was probably the wife of this last-named John Owen, although there is authority for stating that she was his sister. The Mrs. Owen of Orielton, upon whose death Orinda wrote a high-flown eulogy, was doubtless John Owen's grandmother, once Dorothy Laugharne.
Ozven of Orielton.
Sir Hugh Owen, the second baronet, was sheriff in 1664, during his father's lifetime, being then of Landship- ping which was for many years the residence of the heirs- apparent of Orielton ; he was member for the county in 1679 ; he died at Bristol in 1698, and there is a monument to him in the church of St. Augustine in that city. By his marriage with his first wife, Anne Owen (his second cousin), the heiress of Bodeon, he brought back, as above stated, the Anglesey estates to the elder branch ; by her he had several children, of whom the eldest. Sir Ai-thur, succeeded him ; Wirriot, another son, was M.P. for the county in 1 705 and 1 708, and the youngest son, Charles, married Dorothy daughter and co-heiress of Erasmus Corbet of Great Nash (by Langum) , (Jane the other co- heiress died unmarried).
Alban Phillipps, a younger brother of the first baronet of Picton, had married Janet, daughter and heu-ess of Richard N"ash of Nash ; Dorothy, the widow of his grand- son, John Phillipps, married Thomas Corbet, and was the mother of this Erasmus. Charles Owen of Great Nash was sheriff in 1714 ; his eldest son, Wii-riot, married Anne, a daughter and co-heiress of John Barlow of Lawrenny ; another son, Erasmus, married Elizabeth, heiress of the Woodcotts of South wood in Eoch.
Hugh Owen, the son of Wirriot, of Great Nash, took the name of Barlow in 1 789 on succeeding to Lawrenny ; he sat for the Pembroke boroughs for 34 years continuously up to his death in 1809. He had inherited one undivided third of Lawrenny under the will of his mother's brother, Hugh Barlow, the last of the Barlows of Lawrenny, and M.P. for Pembroke in 1747 and 1754; by his will, dated 31st October 1805, he devised Nash and his share in Lawrenny to his widow, Anne (who survived until 1844), for life,
109
Owen of Orielton.
with remainder to his relation, William Owen of the Temple (afterwards the eighth baronet), with ultimate remainder to John Lort Phillips, a captain in the Car- marthenshire Fusiliers. John Lort Phillips was the pro- genitor of the well-known Pembrokeshire family of that name ; he was the son of George Phillips, M.D., of Haver- fordwest, and Elizabeth, daughter of John Lort of Prickes- ton in Castlemartin (the last of the Lorts) , and of Dorothy Barlow of Lawrenny, sister of the testator's mother."
Sir Ai-thm- Owen, of Orielton, the third baronet, married a daughter of the famous Speaker Williams; he was mayor of Pembroke 1704-6, and again in 1724 (when he made the New Way to the Commons through his own pro- perty), High Sheriff 1707, and Lord Lieutenant of the counties of Pembroke and Haverfordwest from 1715 until his death in 1753. The last office had formerly in Wales been held for several counties together, until the revival of the Militia by the elder Pitt. Sir Arthur spent much of his time and money in Parliamentary contests in Pembroke- shii-e and Anglesey, much diversified by petitions. He sat for the county from 1695 (his father being then alive) to 1705, and again from 1715 to 1727, when he was defeated by John Campbell.
There is tradition" that Sir Arthm- Owen and Griffith Rice, the member for Carmarthenshire, were able by their votes to turn the scale in favour of the Hanoverian Suc- cession Act ;" but the division in which these two names appear last in the list, of 118 for, with 117 against, was not on the Act of Settlement but on a clause in the Oath of Abjuration,'' and took place on the 13th February 1702.
Sir Arthur was returned for the boroughs in 1708, and again in 1710, when he was unseated by Lewis Wogan" of Boulston, after proceedings which lasted nearly two years.
Otuen of Orielton.
The question turned upon the right of the burgesses of Wiston to vote, Sir Arthur contending that the right was in the burgesses of Pembroke and Tenby only. The Act of Henry VIII'" gave a representative to every borough in Wales being a shire-town (except in Merioneth), but directed that the burgess fee should be levied not only in the shire-town but in all other " ancient boroughs" within the shire. Wiston said that it was an ancient borough and liable for the burgess fee, and claimed the right to vote as aforetime; the burgesses came down in a body to Pembroke, headed by their mayor, but were kept off from the polling-place by the Orielton mob ; they then moved to the Castle Green and their mayor drew up a list of the names (they were all solid for Wogan), which he tendered to the mayor of Pembroke, who woidd have none of them. In the end the Committee of Privileges decided "that the mayor and burgesses of the ancient borough of Wiston have the right to vote in the election of a member to serve in Parliament for the borough of Pembroke".
Sir Arthur, as was the custom of his house, had a large family : among others. Sir William, his successor ; General John, M.P. for West Looe in Cornwall in 1734, but dis- abled owing to his holding to his post of Commissioner of Customs ; he married his cousin Anne, daughter of Charles Owen of Great Nash, from which marriage came the last baronet of Orielton, Colonel Ai-thur, Governor of Pen- dennis Castle in 1759, and EKzabeth, whose second husband was Hugh the last of the Lawreuny Barlows.
Sir William Owen, the fourth baronet, succeeded his father in 1753 as Lord Lieutenant of Pembroke and Haver- fordwest, he died in 1781 at the age of 84 years. He sat in Parliament continuously for 52 years, for the boroughs from 1722 to 1747, and from 1761 to 1774, and for the
Owen of Orielton.
county from 1747 to 1761. After the election in 1741 there was again a petition, on the old ground that the men of Pembroke had prevented the burgesses of Wiston from going to the poll, but it was dismissed. Sir William was twice married ; by his cousin, Anne Williams, he had Sir Hugh and Colonel Arthur and two daughters.
This Sir Hugh was not at first fortunate in his Parlia- mentary contests ; in 1761 he was defeated for the county by Sir John Philipps (the sixth baronet of Picton), and again in 1765 by his son. Sir Eichard Philipps (afterwards the first Lord Milford) ; on this last occasion Sir Hugh peti- tioned, alleging partiality on the part of the sheriff, J. P. Meyrick of Bush, but he did not succeed. In 1768 there was another fight between Sir Hugh and Sir Eichard. Sir Eichard was again returned, and Sir Hugh again petitioned on the same grounds, the sheriff then being John Griffiths of Clynderwen ; the House of Commons decided that the poll was irregularly taken, and declared the election void. In the fresh election in 1770 Sir Hugh got a sheriff to his liking, Thomas Colby of Ehos y Gilwen, who with great consideration fixed the polling-place (there was only one in those days) at Pembroke. Sir Hugh was returned and sat as knight of the shire until his death in 1786. But there was another petition ; it was stated that Pembroke was an inconvenient place for the greater part of the county, who could only obtain access by the three ferries of Pembroke, Lawrenny and Landshipping, all of which were in the hands of the Owens ; that no County Election had been held at Pembroke from 1625 to 1696, and only two from 1696 to 1727, and that from 1727 all the elections had been held at Haverfordwest with the exception of one at Pembroke in 1741 ; but the House declared Sir Hugh (or as he then was Mr. Hugh Owen) duly elected. Sir Hugh
Oiueti of Oriel ton.
only sul•^^vecl his father five years, he succeedecl him as Lord Lieutenant of the County of Pembroke ; by liis wife, Anne Colby of Bletherston, he left one child, Hugh, then aged four years.
Sir Hugh, the sixth baronet, was the last m the direct line ; he was sheriff in 1804 ; he tried in 1807 to eject from the county seat Lord Milford, who, as Sir Eichard Philipps, had succeeded his (Sir Hugh's) father, but failed; in February 1809, he succeeded his kinsman Hugh Barlow in the representation of the boroughs, but in August in the same year he was laid with his fathers at Monkton ; he died unmarried at the early age of twenty-six years.
The next heir to the baronetcy was Arthur, the eldest son of General John, the M.P. for West Looe, a soldier, like his brothers Charles and William ; whether it was from pique, as has been alleged, or whether his mind was clouded by his long and painful illness. Sir Hugh passed them all over and left all his estates in Pem- brokeshire and Anglesey to John, the eldest of the large family which Corbetta, the youngest sister of the new baronet, had brought to Joseph Lord, an Irishman settled at Pembroke, who died in 1801. It was an unhappy choice, in a few years the splendid inheritance of the Wirriots and the Owens of Orielton was scattered.
Sir Arthur Owen, the seventh baronet, whose mother, Anne, was a daughter of Charles Owen of Great Nash, died unmarried in 1817, when the baronetcy devolved on his nephew William, the only son of his brother, Brigadier- General William Owen.
Sir William Owen, the eighth and last baronet of the old creation, was called to the bar in 1799: he had some
Owen of Orielton.
practice on the Oxford Circuit and was the last Attorney Greneral of the Carmarthen Circuit of the Great Sessions. In 1844 he succeeded, as above stated, to a life interest in Lawrenny and Nash, and was thereafter known as Sir William Owen Barlow. He died unmarried in 1851 in his chambers in Fig Tree Coui-t, Temple, where he had lived, notwithstanding his change of fortune, for sixty years." The last of the Owens lies in the Benchers' Vault of the Temple Church.
John Lord, who succeeded to Orielton by the vrill of Sir Hugh, took the name of Owen ; he was made a baronet in 1813, and on the death of Lord Milford in 1824 he be- came Lord Lieutenant of the County of Pembroke ; he was the last Vice-Admii-al of Pembrokeshire and Governor of Milford Haven, none of his successors in the lieuten- ancy having taken the trouble to acquire that ancient and historic title. Sir John sat in Parliament continuously from 1809 until his death in 1861 ; in the foi-mer year he succeeded Sir Hugh for the Pembroke boroughs, in 1812 he defeated John Frederick Campbell (afterwards the iirst Earl Cawdor) for the county, and John Hensleigh Allen for the boroughs ; he elected to sit for the county and was succeeded in the boroughs by Sir Thomas Picton. Sir John sat for the county until 1841, and then for the Pem- broke boroughs until his death. In May 1831 Sii- John was opposed for the county by Colonel Greville; there was a petition and the evidence taken before the Select Committee is interesting reading ; in the result Sir John's return was upset. There was a fresh election in October in the same year, and Sir John was returned again by an increased majority. The expense of all this was enormous; the poll was on each occasion kept open for fifteen days, all the voters were brought to Havei-fordwest, and the whole
Oiven of Orielton.
county was drunk at the expense of the candidates ; it is stated that the famous election of 1831 was the ruin of both of them.
Sir John lived at Orielton on a scale of much magni- ficence, but had ceased to reside there for some years before the property was sold in 1857 ; he was a man of conspicuous ability, and would have attained a high position in his pro- fession (he was a member of the Carmarthen Circuit of the Great Sessions) if he had not had the misfortune to inherit Orielton ; he had also a charm of manner which descended to his successors. The writer remembers seeing his last and triumphal entry into Pembroke when, after many years' absence, he came down shortly before his death on the occasion of his son's (then Colonel Owen's) unsuc- cessful candidature for the county against Mr. George Lort Phillips. Sir John was twice married and had issue by both wives ; his first wife was the daughter of a Welsli parson and there is a touch of romance about the wedding, for they were married at Gretna Green some years before he came into Orielton ; by her he had one son, his suc-
Sir Hugh Owen inherited his father's title and his popularity, but little else; he sat for the Pembroke boroughs from 1826 to 1837 and from 1861 to 1868, when he was defeated by T. C. Meyrick, afterwards a baronet ; and the Owens of Orielton, who had sat in no less than seventy-six Parliaments, were known no more at West- minster. Sir Hugh, who was Colonel and Honorary Colonel of the Pembrokeshire Militia for over sixty years, died in extreme old age in 1891, leaving by his first wife, the daughter of Sir Charles Morgan of Tredegar, a son, Sir Hugh Charles Owen, tlie present baronet.
The arms of the Wirriots were — Cheeky saUt and
Oiven of Orielton.
argent, on a chief of the second, a lion passant of the first. The arms of the Owens were — Gules, a chevron, between three lions rampant or.
(§attt (^(xu^^an, JOmman*
Theke is preserved the record of a long and interesting suit relating to lands in St. Ussyls (St. Issel's) which con- tains much local family history.' Stephen Baret was charged with the sum of 50s. yearly from 1359 as farm rent for the custody of a messuage and lands at St. Issel's granted to him on the death of David Vaughan, whose heir was under age, as was also (John) the heir of Laurence Hastings, Earl of Pembroke. •
We have scattered notices of the Barets, who seem to have been originally burgesses of Carmarthen, and held of Guy de Brian in the lordship of Laugharne.'' Lewys Dwnn' gives three pedigrees of branches of the family at Pendine (afterwards at Tenby) , Philbeach and Gelliswick. Adam Baret, John the son of John Baret, and Henry the son of Thomas Baret, have been mentioned in the de la Eoche paper.* In 1348 David Baret was chancellor of St. David's ; in 1376 Adam Baret was a juror at Haverford, in 1378 John Baret at Pembroke, and in 1430 David Baret at Haverford, but what kin any of them were to om- Stephen there is nothing to show.
The Vaughans had been settled in the district for some
Buret. Vaughan. Wiseman.
years. Eobert Vaughan was on a jury at Pembroke in 1302, when all the jurors were persons of good standing. In 1324 and 1348 a John Vauglian held one-tenth of a fee at La Torre (Tarr), and in coparcency with John Ernebald and William son of Nicholas de Barri, five bovates of land at Lanteg (Lanteague) . John had a son David who died about 1350, holding the manor of St. Issel's for half a knight's fee and a rent of 16s. M. ; his heir was Walter, who held St. Issel's and died in 1361 leaving a daughter, Nesta, who died aged four years in 1364, when the property passed to David Portan or Portcan, who was the son of Isabella the daughter of David Vaughan.
Stephen Baret sought to be released from the payment charged, and obtained a writ, dated 1st October 1378, directing the barons of the Exchequer to do right under the circumstances set forth by an inquisition taken at Hereford (Haverford ?) on the 1st September then last, which shows the descent of the lands to David Portan, and fm-ther states that the lands for which Baret had been charged had been held by John the son of Andrew Wise- man since the death of Nesta.
The Wisemans were probably brought to the county from Scotland by Aymer de Valence. They gave their name to Wiseman's Bridge over the stream which divides St. Issel's from Amroth. This Andrew held at the death of Earl Aymer half a knight's fee at Coytrath (Coedrath) ; his son John was born about 1336. There are a few later notices of the family ; in 1383 John Wiseman (who in 1378 was one of the sureties given by John Harold for the custody of Stephen Perrot),' and in 1392 Thomas Wiseman, were jurors at Pembroke ; in 1400 John Wiseman was one of the commissioners appointed to enquire into the King's debts at Pembroke."
Buret. Vaughan. Wiseman.
John Wiseman was ordered to be summoned by the sheriff of Hereford, who returned tliat he was not to be found in his bailiwick, and then William Malefant, Walter Cradock, David Portan and others were directed, by a sci. fa. out of the Exchequer, to give Wiseman notice to appear, and, as he failed to do so, the escheator of Hereford and the Marches was ordered by the Court to seize him and levy for the debt.
Thereupon, in 1386 John Wiseman applied to Chancery, and obtained a writ directing that the proceedings in the Exchequer should be stayed until further enquiry. Accord- ingly these long-protracted proceedings again came on; Wiseman appeared, stated that Stephen Baret was dead, and made his defence upon the merits. His case was this : that in the time of Edward I, a David Vaughan had acquired from Earl William de Valence the lands in ques- tion in the suit, but that this David had been seised in demesne as of fee of other lands in Coedrath ; David died leaving a son and heir, Walter, who in 1313, by fine in the Court of Pembroke, acknowledged the lands which he held of the Earl to be the right of William Wiseman, the grand- father of him, John ; and he also granted to Wiseman the reversion of one-third of those lands which Leuca, the wife of WiUiam ap Llewelyn, held for life as her dower. Leuca died, and in 1321, before the fine was engrossed, Walter Vaughan died, leaving a son David, who was directed by sci. fa. to appear in Court and show cause if he objected to the engrossment. David did not appear, but by deed dated at Tenby in 1322 released to William Wiseman all his right in the lands. Wiseman had previously granted the lands to John Goyen, chaplain, and his heirs, and by a fine in 1321, between John Goyen plaintiff and WiUiam Wiseman and Lucia his wife defendants, the plaintiff
Baret. Vaughan. Wiseman.
admitted that the lands belonged to the defendants for life with reversion to their issue. Lucia died and then William ; whereon Andrew his son entered and had livery, and upon his death the lands passed to John Wiseman. This statement seems to have been accepted as correct, and the proceedings came to an end, but John Wiseman's account of the Vaughan pedigree does not agree with what we know of the Vaughans of St. Issel's.
NOTES.
)CKtn,
Gerald, Rolls ed., vi, 66. Pipe RoU, 31 Hen. I, p. 136. Gerald, Rolls ed., i, 28. Id., vi, 93.
Charter Rolls, John, p. 172. Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 28. Gerald, Rolls ed., i, 26 ; vi, 85. Francis, Neath and its Abbey,
(1845). Harl. Charters, 75, p. 56. Close Rolls, i, p. 164. Add. Chart., 8, 413. Hanmer Chart., p. 402. I. P. M., 29 Edw. I, no. 82. Cart, of Aconbury, fo. 79. Harl. MSS., 1249, fos. 88, 89. 16., fo. 61.
Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 10. I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 180. Id., i, 173.
Arch. Camb., IV, xi, 286. Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 14. Irish Pat. Rolls, (Hardy),
p, 68, no. 25. Close Rolls, 9 Edw. Ill, m. 19. I. P.M., 5 Edw. Ill, 2, no. 45. Close Rolls, 5 Edw. Ill, 2,
Id., 14 Edw. II, m. 16.
I. P. M., 33 Edw. Ill, i, 16.
See note 25 above.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 136.
Fenton, Pemb., p. 438. For the de Barri Family see Arch. Camb., V, viii.
Gerald, Rolls ed., vi, 85.
Id., i, 179.
Pipe Roll, 8 Rich. I, 1.
Charter Rolls, 9 John, 173.
Pat. Rolls, i, p. 79.
lb., p. 856.
Fine RoUs, 6 John, p. 218.
Id., 15 John, p. 499.
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 31.
74., fo. 81.
Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 12.
Annales Camb., p. 83k
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 882.
Harl. MSS., 1240, fo. 15.
Add. Chart., 8,410.
Fenton, Pemb., pp. 308 and
48. Campbell Chart., B.M., xx.
49. Gerald, Rolls ed., i, 59
50. Fenton, Pemb., App. p.
Notes.
Cat^to.
|
1. |
Survey of Cornwall (1811), p. 246. |
29. |
|
2. |
Lambeth MSS., 635, p. 42. |
30. |
|
3. |
Brut y Tywysogion, p. 76. |
31. |
|
4. |
Laws' Little England, p. 105 ; Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 16. |
32. |
|
5. |
See p. 1 above. |
33. |
|
6. |
Brut, p. 158. |
|
|
7. |
Id., p. 182. |
34. |
|
8. |
Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 64. |
35. |
|
9. |
Gerald, Rolls ed., vi, 99. |
|
|
10. |
Id., i, 26. |
36. |
|
11. |
Fenton, Pemb., pp. 203, 429, |
|
|
12. |
Pipe Rolls, 2 Henry II. |
37. |
|
13. |
Lib. Rolls, 5 John, p. 77. |
38. |
|
14. |
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 28. |
|
|
15. |
Fine Roll, p. 414. Chart. Roll, 14 John, p. 186. |
39. |
|
16. |
Pat. Roll.,, 14 John. |
40. |
|
17. |
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 33. |
|
|
18. |
Clark, Earls of Pembroke, p. 69 |
41. |
|
19. |
Sloane Chart., B.M.,xxxii, 14. |
42. |
|
20. |
Lord's Committee on the Dig- |
|
|
. nity of a Peer, 4th report. |
43. |
|
|
p. 325. |
44. |
|
|
21. |
Writs of Mil. Summons, i, 1 04, 351, and 411. |
45. |
|
22. |
Irish Pat. Rolls, 10 Edw. II. |
|
|
23. |
LP.M., 17Edw. II, no. 28. |
46. |
|
24. |
Close Rolls, 5 Edw. Ill, pt. 2. |
47. |
|
25. |
Pat. Rolls, 44 Edw. Ill, pt. 3, |
48. |
|
m. 10. |
49. |
|
|
26. |
Coll. Top. et Gen., viii, 239. |
50. |
|
27. |
Foreign Rolls, 7 Hen. IV, |
51. |
|
m. 6. |
52. |
|
|
28. |
Ca^nb. Reg., i, 79, but see |
53. |
|
Llysnewydd MS., .. v. |
54. |
|
|
Carew. |
55. |
Maclean's Life of Sir Peter
Carew, 1857. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 393. Fenton, Pemb., p. 268. I. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, pt. 1,
no. 38. Queen's Remembrancer Anc.
Misc., parcel 737. Pipe RoU, 31 Hen. I, p. 136. Gerald, Rolls ed., v, 326, 354,
and 386. ArchdaU, Monasticon Hiber-
nicum, p. 745. Arch. Camb., II, iii, 137. Cor. Rege, Tower Rolls,
Wales, etc., m. 1. Baronia de Kemeys, pp. 48,
50. Id., p. 52 : Owen's Pembroke- shire, i, 448, n. 17. Fenton, Pemb., p. 570. Pat. Rolls, 20 Ric. II, pt. 3,
m. 14. Sloane Chart., B.M.,xxxii, 19. Baronia, p. 63. I. P. M., 6 Edw. III., 2, 64 ;
and Arch. Camb., IV, vii,
191. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 179. 1,71.
Dugdale, Bar., ii, 236. Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 19. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 180. Abs. Orig. RoUs, p. 25. 1. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, 38. Coll. Top. et Gen., viii, 237. Fenton, Pemb., p. 269. I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75.
Notes.
56. Black Book of St. David's
(Gym. Rec. Series), p. 183.
57. Pipe Roll, 7 Edw. III.
58. Lewys Dwnn, i, 116 ; Fenton,
Pe7nb., p. 153.
59. I, 164.
60. I. P. M., 26 Eilw. Ill, -2, no. 63.
61. Id., 36 Etlw. Ill, 2, no. 30.
^((^c^pok.
Rolls ed., vi, 96.
Fenton, Pemb., pp. 421, 423.
Id., App. p. 65.
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 28.
Cal. Chart. Rolls, 7 John, 157 6.
RoUs ed., i, 319.
Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 19.
Writs Mil. Sums. (Palgrave),
i, 41. I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75. Black Book of St. David's
(Cym. Reo. Series), pp. 169,
161, 173. Oiveti's Pembrokeshire, i, 183. I. P. M., 13 Hen. IV, no. 42 ;
Fine Rolls, 14 Hen. IV,
m. 14. Shaw's Staffordshire, i, 404. Pat. Rolls, 1 Henry IV, p. 6,
m. 14. Hist. MSS. Com. Report, 12,
App. pt. 4, p. 7.
16. lb., p. 9.
17. Rymer's Foedera, H.
902
1, pt.
See his Life in D. N. B. P. 325.
Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 19. Pleas at Haverford,13Edw.I,
Chap. House. See p. 5 above. Add. Chart., B.M., 8,409. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 484. Fenton, Pemb., p. 406. Itin. V, fo. 28. Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 14. Oicen's Pembrokeshire, i, 362. Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 65. Fine Rolls, 16 John, p. 535. Baronia, p. 73. I. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, 38. I. P. M., 20 Edw. II, no. 38. 1,75. Fenton, Pemb., p. 39.
TUo^an.
1. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 558.
2. RoUs ed., i, 314-5.
3. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 352.
4. Cartulary of St. Peter's, Glou-
cester, Rolls ed., i, 108, 227, 262-6. 6. Annates Camb., p. 44.
6. Gerald, Rolls ed., iii, 432.
7. Brut y Tywysoyion, p. 238.
8. Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 64.
9. Patent Rolls,4 Hen. ill, m. 1.
10. Irish Pat. and Close Rolls,
p. 1056, no. 106.
11. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 358.
Notes.
12. I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75.
13. [. P. M., 22 Edw. Ill, i, no. 47.
14. II, V, 39.
15. Pat. KoUs, 1 Hen. IV, p. 6.
16. Sloane Chart., xxxii, 8.
17. Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 107.
18. Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 8.
19. Owen's Pe7nbrokeshire,i, 168.
20. See his Life in the Diet. Nat.
Bioff.
21. Fenton, Pemb., p. 160.
22. Rot. Pari., vol. i, p. 33.
23. Baronia, p. 62.
24. Hibernia Anglicana (1689),
pp. 85, 92.
25. Arch. Camb., V, xv, 228.
26. Harl. MSS., 1249, fos. 79, 82.
27. Irish Pat. RoUs, 3-4 Edw. II,
p. 15, no. 17.
28. Close Roll, 27 Edw. I, m. 70.
29. Pipe Roll, 7 Edw. III.
30. I.P.M., 31 Edw. Ill, 1, no. 34.
31. I.P.M., 36 Edward III, i, no.
123.
32. Irish Pat.RoUs,p.ll5, no. 207.
33. Journal of R. S. A. Ireland,
5th series, vol. i, pt. 1.
34. La Famine de Wogan, par le
Comte 6 Kelly de Galway, Paris, 1896.
35. See his Life in the D. N. B.
36. For the Wogans, see "Old
County Families of Dy- fed", by Francis Green, Y CyrnmroAor, vol. xv.
(nXafefant
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 294.
P. 428.
Clark's Genealogies, p. 418.
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 259.
P. 97.
And see Baronia, p. 53.
Add. Chart., B.M., 8,409.
P. 11.
I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75.
1. P.M., 22 Edw. Ill, i, no. 47.
Oicen's Pembrokeshire, i, 330.
I.P.M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, no. 123.
Arch. Camb., IV, xii, 241, and
Jotirnal Brit. Arch. Ass.,
xli, 128. Oicen's Pembrokeshire, i, 483.
App., p. 43.
Ancient Deeds (P.R.O.), iii, D.
404. Survey of London (ed. 1842),
p. 149. Dugdale, Bar., ii, 258. Rot. Pari., vol. v, p. 15. Laws' Little England, p. 212. Harl. Chart., 80«, 15. Fenton, Pemb., p. 247. Sloane Chart., xxxii, 14. I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75. Harl. MSS,, 1249, fo. 88. I. P. M., 26 Edw. Ill, 2, no. 63. Arch. Camb., Ill, iii, 20.
Notes.
^tXX^t
Kirby, Annals of Winchester CoUeye, p. 107.
See his Life in the D. N. D.
Fenton, Pemb., p. 307.
See p. 37 above.
I. P. M., 1 Edw. II, no. 58.
I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75.
Anc. Misc. King's Remem- brancer, 7376.
Id., 236rt.
I. P. M., 22 Edw. Ill, i, no. 47.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 737t?.
Orig. Rolls, 2 Rich. II, m. 2.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 236a.
Oiverts Pembrokeshire, i, 418.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 236^;.
Itin., ed. Nasmith, p. 328.
Barnwell, Perrot Notes, p. 21.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 236e.
Id., 2a6ff.
Anc. Deeds (P.R.O.), iii, D., 1240.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 236.r.
Brewer, Henry VIII, vol. ii, no. 1919.
Harl. Chart., 43, f. 32.
See his Life in the B. N. B.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, ii, 104.
Naunton, Fraff. Regal., p. 43.
State Papers (Dom.), i, 63.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 236«.
State Papers (Ireland), ii, 549.
Ixxii, fo. 63.
Barnwell, Perrot Notes, pp. 159, 182.
Lives of the Devereu.i; Earls of Esse.T, i, 156.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 149.
See his Life in the D. N. B.
Fenton, Pemb., p. 207.
DaUaway's Heraldry, p. 302.
Plea Rolls, Mich. 37 lien. VIII.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 483.
I. p. 133.
I. P. M., 17 Edw. II, no. 75.
Anc. Misc. K. R., no. 236.
Close Rolls, 13 Edw. Ill, p. i, m. 15.
I. P. M., 50 Edw. Ill, i, 53.
I. P. M., 5 Edw. Ill, 2, no. 38.
Patent Rolls, 8 Hen. VI, p. 1, m. 17.
Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 10.
Pipe Roll, 5 Edw. III.
Anc. Misc. K. R., 737c.
Orig. Rolls, 1 Rich. H, m. 1.
Patent Rolls, 1 Hen. IV, part 6, m. 14.
I, p. 42.
I, p. 133.
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 28.
I. P. M., 1 Edw. II, no. 65.
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 69.
Edward Owen, List of Homa- gers, p. 23.
Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 44.
Langham Register, p. 549.
Add. Chart., B.M., 8,410.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 180.
I. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, 30.
I. P. M., 9 Rich. II, no. 43.
Sloane Chart., xxxii, 5.
I, pp. 122 and 204.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 236.
Notes.
©^ fa (Hoe^^.
Arch. Camh., II, iii, 135. See page 41 above. Arch. Camb., II, iii, 269. Irish Pat. Eolla, 3 Rich. II,
106, 3. Nichol, Rudiments of Honour,
iv, 164. Burke, Landed Gentry, s. e.,
Roch of Woodbine Hill. See Arch. Camb., V, xii, 103. Pat. Rolls, 31 Hen. 1(1131). Line, 410. Line, 3082. Oliver,' Man. Exon., p. 120.
Charter no. ix. Pern*., p. 241. Dugdale, Mon., iv, 502-5. See page 25 above. Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 85. Close Rolls, 36 Hen. Ill, m.
16 (schedule). Arch. Cajnd., II, iii, 259. lb., 260.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, I, 180. Ryley, Plac. Pari., p. 210. Arch. Camb., II, iii, 266. Id., II, V, 40. lb., 39. Pari, and Mil. Writs, Edw. II,
vol. i, p. 484, no. 43. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 173. Arch. Camb., II, iii, 261-2. P. 97.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 185-7. lb., 179.
Add. Chart., B.M., 8,408. Vol. vi, fo. 39. .Black Book of St. David's, p.
lb., p. 105.
See page 5 above.
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 267.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 172.
lb., 183.
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 268.
Sloane Chart., xxxii, 14.
Arch. Camb., iii, x, 351.
Id., II, V, 39.
Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 177.
Baronia, p. 54.
See p. 33 above.
See p. 26 above.
Close Rolls, 27 Edw. I, m. 20.
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 263.
I. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, 38.
I, 130.
Oioen's Pembrokeshire, i, 185.
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 264.
lb., 265.
Black Book of St. David's,
p. 161. Baronia, p. 72. P. 620.
I. P. M., 50 Edw. Ill, no. 53. Fine Roll, 6 Rich. II, m. 26. I, 164.
Close RoUs, 7 Hen. IV, m. 34. Id., 14 Hen. IV, m. 5. Fenton, Pemb., p. 147. Leland, Itin., v, fo. 28. Oiven's Pembrokeshire, i, 302,
522, &c. A true Relation of the Routing
of H. M. Forces in the
County of Pembroke (1644),
p. 6.
Notes.
®^ OStian.
1. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 414.
2. Id., i, 346.
3. I. P. M., 1 Edw. II, no. 65.
4. Hutchins, Dorset, i, 448.
Prince, Worthies of Deimi.
5. Fenton, Pemb., p. 160.
6. I. P. M., 9 and 10 Edw. IV,
no. 21.
7. Add. Chart., B.M., 8,068.
8. Id., 8,412 and 3.
9. Fines, Divers Counties, 54
Hen. III.
10. See Ancient Deeds, iii, D.
214.
11. Dugdale, i?«r., ii, 151.
12. I. P. M., 5 Edw. Ill, 2, no.
163.
13. P. 159.
14. See Scrope and Grosvenor Roll,
ii, 248.
15. Tuckett, Devonshire Pedigrees,
ii, 121.
16. Arch. Camb., I, iv, 142.
17. Collect. Top. et Gen., iii, 270.
^fivfium.
1. Fenton, Pemb., p. 400.
2. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 324.
3. Cal. Docts., Ireland, iii, 354,
Arch. Camb., II, iii, 139. Hogan, Ireland in 1598, p. 95. Cal. Close Rolls, 17 John,
2196. Id., 16 Hen. Ill, m. 3. Sloane Chart., xxxii, 14*. See page 74 above. Add. Chart., 6,027. I. P. M., 26 Edw. Ill, 2, no.
68. Id., 33 Edw. Ill, i, no. 35. Id., 36 Edw. Ill, 2, no. 36. Anc. Misc. K. R., 737e(Pemb.) Fenton, Peinb., p. 400. Sloane Chart., B.M., xxxii, 5.
I, 144.
CoUinson's Somerset, iii, 588.
And see Black Book of St.
David's, p. 95. Orig. Rolls, 2 Rich. II, m. 30. Sloane Chart., xxxii, 8. Rot. Pari., iv, 474. Foss, Judges of England, iv,
346. Stafford Reg., fo. 169A. Atkyns, Gloucestershire, p.
148. Fenton, Pemb., p. 276. Arch. Camb., Ill, xi, 25. Fenton, Pemb., p. 320. Anc. Misc. K.R,,737i^. (Pemb.) Ch. Ch. Canterbury, register
F., fo. 64. See Valor, iv, 384.
Notes.
^t (gate.
1. Dugdale, Mon., iv, 130.
2. Pipe Roll, 31 Hen. I, p. 136.
3. Id., -2 Hen. II, p. 30.
4. Ual. Fines, 9 John, p. 410.
5. See p. 70 above.
6. See pp. 70 and 72 above.
7. Add. Chart., 8,412, 3.
8. Baronia, pp. 52 and 53.
9. Id., p. 48.
10. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 188.
11. Baronia, p. 75.
12. See page 71 above.
13. Abbrev. Rot. Orig., 25 Edw. I,
no. 6.
14. Close Rolls, 12 Edw. I, m. 20.
15. Royal Letters, no. 1185.
16. Arch. Camb., II, v. 39.
17. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 184.
18. Bridgeraan, Princes of South
Wales, p. 240.
19. Close RoUs, 27 Edw. I, m. 20.
20. I, 71.
21. Eyton, Shropshire, x, p. 90.
22. I. P. M., 1 Edw. II, no. 65.
23. Baronia, p. 73.
24. I. P. M., 1 Rich. II, no. 10.
25. I. P. M., 36 Edw. Ill, i, no.
46.
26. Id., 1 Rich, n, no. 10.
27. Close Rolls, 9 Hen. Ill, 2, p.
17.
28. Cor. Rege Rolls, 36 Hen. Ill,
m. 3, no. 90.
29. P. 202.
30. But see Nicholas, Roll of
Amu, p. 17, and Planch6, Poursuivant of Arms, pp. 52-3.
BdUQ^CkVM,
1. Fenton, Pemb., p. 172.
2. See p. 92 above.
3. Harl. MSS., 1249, fo. 92.
4. See p. 88 above.
5. Mem. Roll, 12 Edw.II, 1318-9.
6. See Betham, Baronetage, ii,
152.
7. I. P. M., 1 Rich. II, no. 109.
8. Anc. Misc. K. R., no. 236m.
9. ^amwe\\,Perrot Notes, p. 185. 10. See Langwarren Muniments
at Lamphey Court.
11. Ordinance of the Lords and
Commons for associatinff the counties of Pembroke, Mon- mouth, and Cardigan for mutual defence. 8th June 1544.
12. Fenton, Pemb., p. 320.
13. See his Life in the Diet. Nat.
Biog.
14. Fenton, Pemb., p. 161.
15. lb., p. 173.
Ahtes.
Otoen of OtkCton.
1. Rolls ed., vi, 93. •2. See p. 86 above.
3. Fenton, Pemb., App. p. 10.
4. I. P. M., 48 Edw. Ill, i, no. 70.
5. I. P. M., John de Seys, 37 Edw.
Ill, i, no. 64.
6. See p. 95 above.
7. Orig. Rolls, 1 Rich. II, m. 34.
8. Owen's Pembrokeshire, i, 331.
9. I. P. M., 9 Rich. II, no. 42.
10. Orig. RoUs, 8 Rich. II, m. 9.
11. Rot. Ant., Cotton, ii, 23.
12. See p. 57 above.
13. I. P. M., 12 Jas. I, pt. 2, no.
166.
14. See p. 84 above.
15. See p. 30 above.
16. Phillips, Oicen of Orielton,
p. 58.
17. 12 and 13 Will. Ill, cap. 2.
18. Pari. Debates (ed. 1741), vol.
V, p. 285.
19. See p. 43 above.
20. 27 Hen. VIII, cap. 26, s. 29.
21. Gentleman's Magazine, 1851,
part i, p. 433.
1. K. R. Mem. RoU, 2 Rich. II. 5. See p. 53 above.
2. I. P. M., 1 Edw. II, no. 35. 6. Pat. RoUs, 1 Hen. IV,
3. I, 68, 153, 164. 10.
4. See pp. 72, 73 and 74 above.
INDEX.
Acornbury Priory, 3
Adams family, 76
Angle family, 85
Angle Chapels, 87, 89
Arbitration, Hay's Castle and St. David's, 64, 97
Astley, Margaret, her story, 48
Attorney-General of Great Ses- sions, 114
Baret family, 74, 117 Barri family, 1 Barri, William Roche de, 67 Barri i\ Carew, 4 Battle Abbey, Roll of, 68 Beauchamp, Sir William, 32 Bedford, Jasper Duke of, 28 Begerin Charter, 69, 75 Beneger family, 65 Beneger p. Perrot, 53 Birmingham, Sir Thomas de, 78 Bodeon, Owen of, 107 Bonville family, '22, 16 Boulston, Wogans of, 42 Bride, St., family, 97 Bride's, St., Laugharnes of, 98 ancient mansion of, 103 Bromwich, Isabel de, 77 Broomhill family, 65 Buckspool, Adams of, 76 Butler, Earl of Ormond and Wiltshire, 84
Caervoriog, Perrot of, 61 Camrose, Bowens of, 23 Cantinton family, 19 Canton, Griffith Lord, 19
Caradoc, St., Chapel of, 71 Cardigan, attack on, 33, 75 Cardigan Churches confiscated by
Edw. I, 15 Carew family, 10, 5
fictitious pedigree, 1 1 Carew, Bishop Richard de, 1 4 Carew Castle —
families derived from, 10,
16 Sir John Perrot, 56 Rhys ap Thomas, 17 dismantled, 18 Carew, Lord, Earl of Totness, 11,
17 Carew, Richard, the historian, 11,
16 Carew, Sir Peter, 16 Carew's Tower, 19 Carrow, 11, 16 Castle family, 62 Castle Gate, Court of, 23 Castlemartin family, 33 Castlemartin, importance of, 33 Champagne family, 65 Charters, witnesses to, 27 Cilsant, Phillips of, 42 Civil War, 30, 79, 100, 108 Clarendon, Margaret de, 74 Colby Moor, Battle of, 100 Conspiracy trial, 5 Corbet family, 94, 105, 109 Coverley, Sir Roger de, 60 Cradock family, 87 Crespyng family, 32 Cresselly, Bartlett of, 102
Inde.x
Dates of charters, 73 Daugleddy, arms of, 37 David's, St., Black Book of, 7i', 83 David's, St., Grants to, 3, 7, 13, 21,
41,59,69,70,89 David's, St., Sir John Perrot and,
57 Dermot and the Earl, Song of, 68 Despenser, Edward Lord le, 87 Dihewid, Prebend of, 15 Dogmael's, St., Abbey, 20 Dwnn, Lewys, his editor, 79
Eastington, Perrot of, 52
Eglwys Cummin, 70, 82
Eliot family, 66
Endowment at Church door, 83
Essex, Earls of, 58, 79, 100
Excommunication, penalty of, 92
Felton, Sir Thomas, 98
Fenton, corrected, 13, 25, 33, 49,
52, 69, 88, 100 Ferrers, Lord, of Chartley, 79 Ferries, the three, 112 Fishguard invasion, 31 Flemings, noble, 13, 68 Flemings —
Aylwin, 19
Godebert, 68
Tancred, 6
Wobald, 70
Wys, 36 Fulling mill, 72
GeOyswick, Allen of, 103 Giraldus Cambrensis, 1, 68 Glascarrig Priory, 19 Glyndwr, Owen —
black mail, 33, 48, 61
his rebellion, 79 Gray's Inn, 44, 107
Great Sessions, abolition of, 32 Greyhounds, rent of, 54
Hanoverian Succession fable, 1 10 Harold family, 53, 6.3 ilaroldstone Church, old dedi- cation, 64 Hascard family, 106 Hatton, Sir Christopher, 68 Haverford —
chapel of the Trinity, 98
charter to, 59
court of King's Justices
at, 32 Gustos of, 63 Friars Preacher, 71 King's mills at, 55 lords of —
Henry VIII, 55 Queen Eleanor, 22, 40 Richard II, 78 Mortimer, 8 Perrot benefaction, 57 Priory, 7, 54 seneschals of —
Oressingham, 40 Tancred, 2 sheriff of, 78 (Perrot), 55 unique privileges of, 55 Haverford and the Islands, lord- ship of, 40, 81 Henry Fitz Henry, 9 Herald's Court, proceedings in, 60 Herford family and arms, 37 Hill, Sir John's, 57 Horsey family, 108 Horton, the destroyer of books,
101 Huntingdon, John Earl of, 19
Interdict, assessment of damages,
Index.
Ireland —
Pembrokeshire invasion of,
2, 10, 19, 26, 67, 85 Pembrokeshire settlers in,
2, 10, 12, 19, 26, 42, 67,
68, 85
Joce family, 62 Johnston, Butlers of, 108
Kemes, lords of, 33, 92, 94 Kidwelly, Malefant of, 50 King's debtors at Pembroke, 28,
38, 63, 118 Knight's fee in the county, 6
Latimer, William, 29 Laugharne Castle, 57, 82 Laugharne family, 97 Laugharne, Laugharnes of, 99 Laugharne legend, 97 Laugharne, Major-General, 100 Laugharne Philipps family, 32 Lawrenny, Barlow of, 109 Laws, Edward, 30 Levelance, WUliam, 79 Llanddewi Brefl, Collegiate
Church of, 15 Llanstinan, Wogans of, 44 LonguevUle, Sir John, 79 Lordships, the Stolen, 56 Lords Lieutenant, origin of, 110 Lort family, 29 Lort, Michael, 30 Lort monument, destruction of,
31 Lort Philipps family, 110 Lorfs Hole, 30 Ludchurch, Malefant of, 49
Malefant family, 46 Martin family, 33
Melyn family, 22 Milton, Wogans of, 43 Monkton Priory —
grants to, 4, 27, 63
seizure of, 62 Mortimer family, 7, 52
N in place-names, 85
Names, Christian, confusion of,
38, 49, 62, 82 Names, Pembrokeshire, in Ire- land, 2 Names, personal (local) — Alex, Walter, 73 Angharad, 1, 12
Beneger, William, 4 Benet, Richard, 28 Berkeley, Mary, 55 Bole vile, Su- William de, 71
Canaston, Harry, 52
Carew, Seholastica de, 14
Clement, Jenkin, 39
Clerk, Henry, 65
Cogan, Milo de, 25
Cole, Adam, 73
Cole, John, 72
Crabhole, Philip, 98, 105, 106
Crespyng, William, 5
Cressingham, Hugh de, 40
Cyneurig ap Madoc, 20
Denys, Gilbert, 95, 105
Echiners, Lambert, 68 Emebald, John, 118
Fitz Stephen, Robert, 2
Goodwyn, Richard, 20 Greville, Robert Fulke, 114
Index.
James, personal (local), cont. — Gruflydcl ap Nicholas, 49 Gwgan ap BlecMyn, 35, 36
Hascard, Geoffrey, 76 Herbord, Joan, 98 Heriz, William, 66
Jessop, John, 59 Johns, Sir Thomas, 56.
Leyson, Lewis, 48 Lloyd, Sir Gruffydd, 7 Londres, Isabella de, 42, 47
Mangonel, Richard, 7 Milford, Lord, 112, 113
Nash, Richard, 109
Owen, Owen ap, 5, 6 Owen, Richard ap, 107
Percival, John, 65 Philbeach, William, 73 Pioton, Sir Thomas, 114 Portan, David, 118 Prendergast, Maurice de, 68,
Prust, Jane, 58
Rhys ap Gruffydd, 28 Rich, Lady Betty, 60 Rosser, PhOip, 104 Rosshall, Thomas de, 93 RusseU, Peter, 88
Tankard de Hospital, 20
Vaughan, Walter, 99 Names, place (local)— AUeston, 4, 26, 65, 73
Names, place (local), cont.— Amgorda, 9 Angle, 74, 87
Bangestoii,. 65 Barthford, 65 Begelly, 6, 18 Benegerdon, 34 Benton, 75 Bicton, 54, 93 Blaencilgoed, 33, 62 Bonvilles Com-t, 16 Bosherston, 25 Bride's, St., 15 Bride's, St., Hill, 103 Brimaston, 98 Broadmoor, 77 Broomhill, 65 Bullwell, 21, 71 Burton, 26, 27, 49 Burton Ferry, 78
Cadogansford, 47 Caervoriog, 55, 61 Canaston, 9, 52, 61 Cartlet, 41 Castel Dwyran, 9 Castellan, 19 Castlemartin, 33 Castle Maurice, 41, 67 Castleton, 52 Cenarth (Little), 12 Cheriton, 25 Clunperveth, 21 Coedcanlas, 18, 108 Coedrath, 50, 52, 65, 87, 118 Colby Moor, 100 Cornish Down, 61 Corslery, The, 92 Corston, 62 Cosheston, 22, 41, 65 Cotchland, 17
Index.
Names, place (local), cont. — Critchurch, 47
Dale, 93 Deemshill, 72 Denant, 70 Dogmell's, St., 3 Dredgman Hill, 70
Eastington, 52, 53 East Moor, 30 Edryn's, St., 2, 13, 25 Eweston, 73
Ffynnongay, 20 Flether Hill, 81 Flimston, 62 Folkeston, 54 Fopston, 102 Freystrop, 27 Frowlynchirclie, 83
Garlandstone, 8 Gawdy HaU, 43 Gellyswick, 103, 117 Gibbrick's Ford, 72 Glinbigh, 54
Goldsmith's Angle, 18, 105 Gravehill, 53 Grove, 18 Guilford, 78 Gumfreston, 18, 105
Hambroth, 22 Haroldston, 63 Haroldstone, 63 Hasguard, 106, 108 Haythog, 83, 102 Hen Castel, 38 Hendref Cradoc, 77 Hendrewen, 26 Henry's Moat, 94
Names, place (local), eont.— Hilton (High), 54 Hoaton (Great), 63 Hodgeston, 27, 49 Hubberston, 71 Humprey, 102
IshegljTi, 8 Ishmael's, St., 92 Issel's, St., 117
Jameston, 6, 23 Jeffreyston, 22 Johnston, 93 Jordeston, 63
Kenox, St., 64 Kethhavelok, 33 Keyston, 22 KUbarth, 83 Kilvelgy, 65 Kingsdown, 4 Kingston, 73 Knightston, 18, 61
Ladayn, 77 Landshipping, 109 Langum, 69, 76 Lanteague, 22,65, 118 Lambston, 68, 72 Letterston, 21 Liddeston, 70 Llandeloy, 7 Llandethauk, 47 Llandigwynet, 18, 89 Llanfirnach, 94 Llangwarren, 99 Llanhowel, 7 Llanstinan, 44 Llyspraust, 8 Llysyfran, 72, 73 Loveston, 18
Index.
Names, place (local), cont. — Ludchurch, 50
Maenclochog, 76, 91 Manorbier, 1, 67 Marledge, 26 Marloes (Little), 98 Marteltwy, 18, 27, 34 Maynowiston, 22 Merrion, 22 Merrion Linney, 27 Milton, 43 Minerton, 33 Molleston, 9 Monkton, 107, 113 Moreston, 62 Mullock, 93
Nantgone, 21 Nantgwyn, 21 Narberth, 52 Narberth Forest, 9 Nash (Great), 75, 109 Nash (Nether), 47 Nash (Over), 47 Newcastle (Little), 92 Newgale, 70, 73 New House, 9 Newton, 6 Newton Noyes, 87 Nolton, 71
Owenston, 73
PenaUy, 3, 6, 67 Pennar, 53, 65 Pentre Evan, 61 Penvey, 75 Philbeach, 117 Pierston, 83 Pill, Castle, 72, 74, 78 Pill Oliver, 73
place (local), cont.— PiU Rhodal, 8, 71 Pontvaen, 100 Popileton, 83 Popton, 52, 62 Poyerston, 18, 105, 107 Precelly, 76 Prentlergast, 63, 68
Radford, 17 Ramas Castle, 77, 94 Rath, The, 100 Ravaghan (East), 65 Ravaghan (West), 66 Redberth, 13, 23, 70 Redwalls, 73, 93 Rhinderston, 98 Rickeston, 17, 61 Rinaston, 72 Roblinston, 22
Sageston, 54, 76 Scollock,63 Scolton, 83 Scorlageston, 87 Scotsborough, 61 Shokholm, 81 Skomar, 81 South Hook, 70 Southill, 32 Southwood, 109 Snailston, 24, 77 Spital, 83' Stonehall, 44 Strackhill, 62 Studdolph, 70 12
Talbenny, 75, 77 Tancredston, 6 Tarr, 118 Terapleton, 9
Index.
Names, place (local), cont. — Thornton, 70 Trefduauk, 2, 13, 25 Trefgarn Owen, 94 Trefnogh, 21 Treglemais, 21 Trewilym, 21 Tuckingmillham, 64
Upton, 18, 46 Uzmaston, 41
Velfrey, 9
Wallaston, 52 Walton West, 94 Warren, 64 Wedlock, 18 Westfield, 22 WiUiamston Eliiard, 18 Williamston Harvill, 18, 76 Windsor, 70 Winsell, 116 Wiseman's Bridge, 118 Woganston, 80 Wolf's Castle, 72 Woodstock, 54
Yerbeston, 22, 53, 77
Nangle, see Angle Nangles, lords of Navan, 86 Narberth —
held of Carmarthen, 8
Mortimers of, 52
WiUiam of, 9 Nash; Nash, PhiEipps and Cor- bet of, 109
Owen of, 109, 111, 113 Naunton, Sir Robert, 58 Newcastle Little, old dedication of church, 69
Newton family, 89 Newton, Sir Richard, 88 Norse colonies, 69, 85 Northumberland, Henry, Earl of,
84, 107
Ogan, Henry, 29
Olethan ; de Barri, lords of, 2
Orielton, Wirriots of, 104
Owens of, 107 Orinda, The Matchless, 43, 108 Orlandon, Laugharnes of, 102 Other, Dominus, the fabled, 12 Owen family, 104 Owen, George, 17, 38, 56, 59
Paterchurch family, 76 Patter Dock, 76 Paul, St., Maria de, 66 Pebidiog, Constable of, 64 Pedigrees Welsh, not reliable,
Pembroke —
castellans of
Gerald, 12
Joce, 63
Saer, 12 constable of, Crespyng, 32 Earls of, 36
Hastings, John, 32, 87, 117
Hastings, Lawrence, 87
Herbert, William, 82
Marshall, Gilbert, 64, 92
Marshall, Walter, 8, 64,92
Marshall, William, 7, 8,82
Plantagenet, Hum- phrey, 106
136
Index.
Pembroke, Earls of—
Valence, Aymer de, 4,
■>1, H2, 72, 118 Valence, William de, 40,76,79,86,93,119 records at, 32 seneschals of — Beneger, 65 Boleville de, 20 Brian de, 83 Castlemartin de, 33 Hampton de, 5 Simond, 4 Vale de, 92 Wogan, 38 sheriffs of (palatinate) — Castlemartin de, 33 Shirburn, 86 Tankard, 20 Wogan, 38 Pembrokeshire, Allen's Sheriffs
of, 30 Penbrok, Walter de, 95 Perrot family, 51 Perrot, Robert, 51 Perrot, Robert, 55 Perrot, Sir John, 17, 56, 57, 84 Perrot, Stephen, 5 Perrot v. Beneger, 53 Perrott, Sir Richard, his pedigree,
51 Pheasants, introduction of, 59 Philipps' baronetcy, 102 Picton, Sir Thomas, 114 Picton, Wogans of, 39 PiU Priory- foundation of, 69 grants to, 70, 71 Pole Carew, 1 1 Pontvaen, Laugharnes of, 100,
102 Pope, Barons' letter to the, 14, 71
Poyer, John, 101
Prendergast ; Joces, Cathames
and Stepneys of, 63 Prikeston, Lorts of, 30 PwUcrochan Church — re-building of, 65
Rathcoffy, Wogans of, 42
Rhys ap Thomas, 16, 17
Richmond, landing of, 28
Robelyn family, 23
Roch Castle, 74, 79
Roch Castle (by Laugharne), 70
Roche, de la, family, 67
their origin, 68 Roche, George de la, 67 Roches, Lords Fermoy, 67 Rochville, le sire de, 68 Russell family, 97
Safety, Committee of, 99 Salisbury Cathedral, Laugharne
monument, 102 Scotsborough, Perrota of, 60 Seal on wi-it, 15 Seys family, 105 Shirburn family, 85 Simond, Sir Richard, 3 Sirculus, book called the, 72 Slebech, grants to, 7, 9, 19, 26, 34,
36, 47, 63, 68 Socage tenure, 53 Stackpole —
Campbells of, 31
Lorts of, 29
Stackpoles of, 25
Stanley of, 29
Vernons of, 27 Stackpole arms, 27 Stackpole Castle, 30, 31 Stackpole-Crespyng tine, 26 Stackpole, Sir Richard, 26
Index.
Stainton Church, old dedication, Vydii Castrum, 70
Stainton family, 37 Stanley, Dame Margaret, 29 Stonehall, Fords and Wogans of.
Tancred family, 6
Thomas, St., the Martyr, Chapel
of, 73 Tiron, order of, 69 Trefloyne, Bowens of, 6
Ugus, the patrician, 35 Upton —
Bowens of, 49
Evans of, 49
Malefants of, 46
Tasker of, 49
Vale, Sir Robert de, 92 Valence, William de, u. the bailiffs
of Queen Eleanor, 40, 71 Vandals, see Westminster, Dean
and Chapter of Vaughan family, 117 Vernon family, 27 Vice-Admiral Perrot, 57 Vice-Admiral of Pembrokeshire,
the last, 114
Wake V. Camville, 83
Wallensis, Bishop Thomas, a Carew, 14, 70
Walwyn's Castle, barony of, 81
Westminster, Dean and Chapter of, their destruction of monu- ments, 31
Wideworth family, 95
Windmills, introduced by Flem- ings, 74
Windsor, Gerald de, 1
Wirriot family, 104
Wirriot, Thomas, 106
Wiseman family, 118
Wiston, borough, 43, 111, 112 castle, 13 Gwys of, 36 Wogans of, 37
Wogan cave, 35
Wogan chantry, 7, 41, 67
Wogan family, 35
Wogan, Sir John, the Justiciary, 42
Wogan, the regicide, 39
Wogan, William, the Scholar, 44
Wykeham, William of, 51
'38
Devizes : Simpson, Pbinter.
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