perpdinharesheauytttiiens aie > a We tate * magma ene fp oe a See Vee pew nce me . eras Sree may ARN ae ttre Spt eee tate watt “aoe ects wettest , Mt BO On Bey 6 me Ae OO Pw OP 8 stn DB oe nt hate ee DiePO bid rm Pinte he teh oh om Shinde tate Riana Miiaedhiaa Sle atin eben hateet tanta tient bietasionee> ohana int omnia in : SS ERE i hia tia hin fo MBI 05 7 ~ : Serene . ROL en RR Re hey ta, Ae ae ALMBAArgS ARNG Fecire mm sotnhiar np noyeanznrme “icing - % z = oe 7 : " NN RN TNL, Date ETS Sette See 7 enema git aap ante eS NR AN eee Lor teh eel He A RT Ny NR tine Re he tit Ama eR ath x S32 ERLNTP NTT LTR RONG OTR EM | A RN, - eA INA Kae : peierden Beene et ee SOAS RA RD My My ee Sate dete oemabotarek cnr nie Sihetietiabtieiaetaeas eimai aanie ~~ NS Se eee a Mens oe De Tage = Ca ee ete SN ae we hate tae BAe ton tatete 2 PEND RN te ag ROR eee Se REN See ge plids Mae Mester ee es nie ae Nae anes AE et me Ral om aretha TARE SON MOR ~ tee tea, spsleeMyote reeme vo OA + ek Rae nerd Ne Patt Seah

= = : w mz w * Fp) LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSN| NVA OSS oa 2 = S ox wy aW ae (ep) S NN a a = c 2 QX& = “Gy 3 : EW = [ae co o- ca = co = & isa) aa je Oo za Oo a Ba re ean Zz * a NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S3!IYVYGIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITU Sis S ai é uy oa ao = wo = hy (oa) a 5 ZY) = GYily, a > te fo fo > " Z a z i LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILMLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31uUV = 2 5 OY a GY N \ z = g : G fe 7 g Me y SN . > eecay K a 2 SNS = NOILALILSNI_NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYGIT LIBRARIES INSTITU LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NOILALILSNI LIBRARIES NOILMLILSNI NOILNLILSNI » SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTI ILNLILSNI SAIYVYAIT LIBRARIES ve ‘ 4 y of bj 2 We 5 2 5 2 > SNS ad > 2 .> a RO NSRNS E 0) oe a i \s fe zis Pare es OS anlage O = O 3RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN eT ON Neat TSN SReOSn INS 2 luVvud : = < = ; = = JW , Ne 5 2 3 2 s Wy f QC = 19) 4 Y fh, LMG Z a te sao wn Yd; AS Z : at rs Niue ub. > = ~~ >" = > ee “” ae z wn PS LNLILSNI. NVINOSHLINS S3IYVYEIT LIBRARIES INSTITUTIC ig cA = wn Lu = = ‘ a = ee en 5 Ue oj = aes = Na 8 . . ow Se < me 4 2 4 x. 4 Sy WN ce je) a iS) z —I 2 I za 3RARI Bon SMITHSONIAN _ INSTITUTION NOM ATSNt Saluvud FZ ce) BES ° = = i= = = = = = 4 a = > = . = b = B Zz o z o Z wn = =| a wo Or. = > Z SMITHSONIAN NVINOSHLIWS SMITHSONIAN Ys Va SMITHSONIAN * 3RARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI NVINOSHLIWS Saluvua S = ” = (ep) i o a & & #8 x = z = WE ES - : : NE a je oe o i ay zZ ah 22 ey ul S3IYVYSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUT] oy Ss cw a iB inc B = : - 4% ° =) = Ci > Kk > be Yn ag Bz a — non” ae a e ys = n 3RARIES = SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS Saluvua = Eh Z = y ra Be LN = + E oO SS Se BG WK n ”) YQ (a) (a) AN O T WW IWE SG fo) WS SE S AG ay 2 AS 2 = ies > > ILALILSNI NVINOSHLIWS Saluveads LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTI! Yi: LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN NOILNLILSNI LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI NOLLALILSNI My sk ha t va : 5 ae Wi THE OOLOGIST. FOR THE STUDENT OF BIRDS PME NES TS ANDEGGS, VOGEL UINE X. ALBION, N. Y. 1893. A. M. EDDY, PRINTER AND BINDER, ALBION, N. Y. 1893. INDEX TO VOL. X. JAdvise Wanted....... Ute Re SL Rae 30, 72, 106 _Z#pyornis, An Egg of. Pa isa 236 Albatross, At Long eaen ‘California, An. . 88 ANRANTROSS, SION -ps-coccecede | Geeaee ee se ree eseaseeceaaececoo 88 ANTIDTIBOG Rh oe paced BeRE ge cecene an Ee enesic aeaecdceceneeceen 57 ARTA OWI SE ce pesca PERE er Goo EERE eS 148 Auld Lang, Syne..-.....-...---.---------eeeeees eects 205 Baldamus, August Karl Edward.............-.-.. 332 “TERME, LOGO) Osea eeeseeneene so eee ecu Reena nee nos 58 TB THHSIS) ANS PASS a egncee seed asasepse= se sasaecccesecHure! 22, 199 Bird Nesting in an Illinois Swamp... .....-....-.- 21 Birds, Hints on Skinning and Mounting......... 86 Birds of Henry County, Iowa, Notes on the._.325 Birds, Queer Myths About ..... ......-. .-.--..------ 112 -Bird’s Skin, How to Prepare a............-.-.-- 80, 225 Bird Wit and the Lack of It .... .......-..------...: 283 BibheLe AMEN CAN costes 2. concecnoe 43, 75, 83, 247 Bittern, Croaking of the... ............----.-. 68} TSy Herod Let AS eee Cesena sae ees 22, 24, 43, 16, 249 Bitterns, Among the Least .....................-.-..-. 210 Bitterns in Henry Co.. Illinois, The Ameri- can and Least.....- ...-.eeee doonoooogcEacs 247 Blackbird, A Tricolored......- 500 EIS ANB RE: Blackbird, BicOlOred.....-cccsecceceee seeeee--- 116 ‘Blackbird Red-winged... Rlalotelslelelelelaleioieieiereloloielao/ lh O: Blackbird, Yellow-headed........+2 ssssceeees 115 TBA DARL o soo doanca soda baba Huoodomesedobo ude.) Tealelor ol soocagocave Earle ene ne te isiolelalelomietelnicrestereeyes 45 Bluebird, Mountain.............6 SubdtoOboLbd 801 Bluebird, Western.........- sO Gancodooabopaa eS 301 Boat Suitable for Collectors..........+.0...--2d1 BOE bh inooo done dGo0ON Oden coOu, Go00 nacodoosaug 307 Bob-white, Plorida...........0.--+s Sodadoaae) ely Bog Bull........-- otiddapuou0on nse0.gdG0DODG 400000 83 _Bog Trotter...........- Ggadso daocapooooDC docoantes) Bunting, Black-throated.......... Molnieinieietee coe Bunting, INdigo.......ceceeesecveescsccsene-e 29 Bunting, Lazuli..c.c...:....seeee ao coolly) Butcher Bird .. ndonooncopdaaumacecth) Buzzard, European..... doosoab Saar acus nugodocem) Buzzard, Red-shouldered......ccocseese Gondos 273 Buzzard, Red-tailed..... Aislerialiateinisteteralevere: 102, 139 Buzzard, TUrKey.... 20... escssescecoe ses Oe) GOD California, Another Day with the Birds of Southern..... facogausecocd DosOOD nO oa code V7 California, Bluebirds Of.....0...-seseee s+ eee 301 California, The White-tailed Kite and Prairie FalCOnm 1M. ...cccsccccswccce cece sees 258 California Trip, ANOther....ccvecccccccseecees 116 Camping, A Few Hints on.................... 140 Wana cilanwE ied sleet yatais\slelelsleleletelalsie elalaleieyelelateh eta 40 Canvas-back, A Nest of nen Mclelelslaselciaevetsrarpeieteiie 320 Wanciinalcrecree eleiele Hidloocodaan Gadcaoceac 21, 28, 276 Catbindene cr re Se aaa cc A ch eo a ae ar 46 Cathartes Aurd, Notes ON........e....... +682 ChatmandeChitti SwiallOwar-reicrssineslaeaetoteacistetets G1 Chiat. wYiellOw-bOVLedSted!s-/-.1.\-\. + sicicin elsieie cle sistals 45, 71 Chewink.......... aiexeletelstareveraleietareletetsistcTerel stars Satnil (Chine exo), Crolllkeinbaver alin koa qoodindae qhoagGaode csc 42 Chickadee VAVE rem hive na. scieteleleis eres isieieisictel ciel 152 Chickadee, Carolina.......... aletsletelslatst eisicts pon ool! Chickadee. Ove SOM ere cet aleleietnlsisteleteststerae 204, 283 Whi Ckenmsbiaiwdiayceree(isicies olviere cicketotototetetercicietalere ete 27 Climbing, A Few Hints about.... ............ 332 Clothing, Collectors............... Oi5rino dopobods 19 Collecting at Night—Poetry.................. 317 Coot, American........ Se sleyartha bretishtaa cae Set hitr | rere 21 (WOWADUT Cy aeersrefeiereiclse) sloteelevarals 26, 71, 110, 198, 325, 326 (Ofonyslowliyols} a dvetto0 Nooneonoaoudos pacconoN Gacudonss 21 Cowbird Egg, The Tea (OW Bho senan dabeno acca" Crane.. goceGconce tafe ADGSOS acodod ats Crane, Sandhill. boncdicsbonrancdenaadas seb op 57, 234 Creeper; BLO WA telccielelcisieieie Sog00 ct aisleimfetaisteleratsieiere 47 @reeper, Nesting of the Brown... 05.00... 260 MEUCLCISIA WAL mer mci iitertntiersistolelecsicheterertrele nis 107, 154 Criticism, Not a.......... abaleisintatetaosraicisisieeeierseete 319 C@LOWe PATEL CAM eterno! ststele icleietoreele Enpodadodnaonc 202 Crow, A Trick of the...... Bancroumads Bac .. 8 (OO, IMIOTIGIES & Socccnsadaotbecesnec onscadoc a6 & 177 CLUS SGA SCION Cela -cieleleiiacelsertnemiecreciee 249, 285 Cuckoo, Black-billed............ oelove/a/allslulelaeleveleepe oOo) Cuckoo, Yellow-billed.......... sanoas ote; 276, 326 PA -CHiCTsarersteatela/alcisihulalcterereleversels (alesis lelels) ernie see eo Data Blanks... 2... 222. cccceescrceccccs eo cevcee 182 Day, A TUCK Yicccccc..- vecece Sialeleloiaiia}u(elsialeale(eeee el aD) aiygel ALLO RVVOOGS Avarcieic) slsteienoielistsietersiorstacteiaernee 282 IDNIE-GClEND TEP scro nooo oodnosdqo0bbGGds Ghodecuulbood 226 DIPPeL ATE] CAM eeistelcll-felcileisislealeteeisies 57, 117, 283 WOVE MO UEMIN ON ecleieietncielaieisieltele mrotelnieinielacsieiaialc ial ond! Wek VB aekeecle ciateiclelsteiete aietoleleloileteleielsinisielslelejereisialeitex Oc IDB (Ene NiGooe conccdoos000 isieleiefeierataisinval=toliateitenatilicse Eagle; Bald): 2.0... secs elelsioe wislosesieis oO) 140.5205 Eagle, Bald-headed.......... Adadidoqudod sddo one 39 Males G Qlalentrarseretcistelleletatsisicisinierstels/etersalaieiae 140, 295 Hagile, Wihite-headed'..... 22.0226 cceccese css ce 295 Hig Ay MamIM Oth cscs cisicanic cislcewic vieicaciieeie coo MPSS LOW LOPBIOW/etecicioolsiccieicie es jessie cena econ THE OOLOGIST. Idfefadsy, IWieehvabakes IN Ketsiionoe oooaoanco0 Geos UCb0 or © 254 Beggs, Prepare More Carefully.......... «> --.- 100 TOKE, IRDA e600 Goad onon oggdao ODedOU Cua udeE code 234 Eggs, to Dry When Blown..... OQ odudes boudosE 154 Hgret, American........... eevee seer ceccce elt, IDL Bonet, GUEALC TI. slaeceint teieleleleler = is) eleieieisle ~)=/e)s(eisi 74 > Meret, Lesser... ..s0. 0. ee- see ee oe: woe god6es 74 Embryology of a Bird, The..... euaieioiieleis ote 178 RHAREB 5 no 500 Goan pdoOdaaGOCObODOD DO Gd dosueendaa 57 Escape. A Narrow.....-+.0+.---seceeoscee see O00 Exchanges, Instructions for.................. 138 Exchanging, Courtesy and Business in...... 186 IDIOM. TACT) o 500 cocoddous00G0G seccee.-. 140, 260 Falcon, Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine.. .169 igtha@ial, IDES ba5co0G 69000 doddooonddeD s00000 ooo dl Minch, Texas SeaSide....00.... cesses see eeee UL Flat-head.. Hasobddda aoooC000 BHONCO DS coo) IMSS S66 S¢005 Gan0d b400 0050 bOb0 GOadNC 256, 284, 331 Flicker, Gilded........ isle iniatoss'g a/eiarerniewtainre ieiela wien ie 30 Flicker, Red-shafted.......... ........ 78, 254, 283 Flicker, Yellow-shafted............02...5..-.. 331 Florida and Other Notes. The Osprey in......23 Florida, The Bere SHLMKeTOLe sesso 79 Floridian Races.. Belek peiclecleincteciecioleiciciieie ee lio) Flycatcher, GER on na Nesting Bebe 08 the Scissor-tailed......... 2. 224 Mlycatcher; Dra Shc. . esse we Fie Heavens te, 235 Hy Gcite MET WVN[ESOCEIN s\e 0/e\s/olelclclalsicislsiavelarelens|lste 79, 117 Bl y-Up-the-Creek s'cececccsceccccsssee ceccee cece lt Gallinule. Florida........ Scoood napa ssoauells Bk CS} Gibbon, IR pkeles shoe! Gaondoanobpacu bone on50cs 24 @ame bird of the Prairie, Lhe. ccceccse eae 303 Geese, Remarkable Flight of..........e0..--.171 Gnatcatcher;, BIUe-Bray...cecssscee +e. eee 47, 325 Goldfinch, American..... ...-204, 300, 326 Goldfinch, Arkansas............0. _.22, 116, 118, 204 Goldfinch, Green-backed..........00...... 0000. 22 Goldfinch, Lawrence’s..........cecceccesene se 118 COS ave AMET Ca Meeieaciienisieicie eielaidateieterteiaich-to 139 Goshawk in Illinois, Am erican............ 54, 107 Goss, Death of Benjamin F.............-....-28l Grebe, Carolina.. BE aysieveiole acinar eeieeIoeieee eo Grebe, Pi-billed. ....0...+ cooc0a ores: 43, 226, 302 Grosbeak at diss The Rose-breasted...... 253 Grosbeak, Black-headed.........e.ce......... 118 Grosbeak, MVening... ccc. ceccccccwwes sone 25 Grosbeak, Migrated? How Far South Has the Evening.. obigduocDdbGboU ded SH coll Grosbeak, Rose- trenetodt! sdb oOCoE saen6e Or Grouse, Oregon Ruffed......... S0005 pba aoDOBO 203 Grouse, Ruffed..... 2... ..c.cccvcvcescees Bepoee5) Grouse, The Sooty........ce. micleleieisiicisiieicia 48, 254 Gull, American Herring........ mlelsietelorieiwercicte 114 (hn). Ghean@lesoo see ono dodouddoc0o0ce hoodoo ole! Gull, Ring-billed........ jd0dcnoood DOUdOdeba0 os IE! Gun, CollectOrs.-.sco...seoee 00 pooDDO.bodaCS 17, 105 Gyrfalcon........ sisieleleisioeleferelolel= iolelelelolislelersfatelstekl= 101 Hades Plunger, Nesting Habits of the....... 226 FIArVieY. ..sccyccvcesscr cece Hoodoo daDedd cabood callsts} Hawk, American Svarrow.... ........--. 101, 140: Hawk and Its Eggs, The Marsh.............. 277 lawik, Broad-win ee dite cise ecleleleeerieiee 140, 272° dalehy kes (Coxe) osttiaodblagoe bocbooa Goouacce cos 138,325. Hawas Dicksienatcersceriseee 5 Waite gee 101, 140, 169- Pa Wik. ESI Gc eleleiey rece serra ie cee ee eee 23, 39, 53 ISIE Aka eG MOI adgomads ONDbORawoG0o bebocc as 139) leeks INE WAS olosoe soonoDadesdo dear asdoe «.-.-20, 138 Hawk, Mouse.......... ra iaate intoicheviesaie [eyetsieteiais SiseerNyS 138 EVA Wilken PS COMM tere laie sistent elciele eicieloieloke eee 101 Hawk, Red-shouldered........... 104, 139, 273, 325 Hawk, Red-tailed........ ...... 57, 102, 189, 201, 325. Hawk, Sharp-shinned\...- 2... ..c.ace. ces 138, 300: Ele Hass TAKE MOOV Sas S65 50000 5560005000 5050 1389, 272 Hawk, Unusual Nesting of the Sparrow..... 306. Hawks, The Sagacity of Fish..... Sptelssrases unas 53 TEIN IDES 666 Goncao ddoode dona otoc Ad dou0Ob b-oa6 226. lelaeine ny agooncoocqoo ano Odds ooaDcOno Senn coos 273 Heron, Black-crowned Night...... 22, 75, 203, 302 Herons Great bluerssenesaeecee 73, 77, 103, 3802: TEIGiRoyel, (Gages gene quoncons6adosda56 y BY yest 74, 302 1elerRoyal, Ibs AK) IBM Sssonacaogso b005 os0d0a a a0c0S 151 Heron, Louisiana..... Ss Jae RR EE eel LEFOMA SM OWI Yer eeeeieceiiecinieeiceertinee etetaleierenstaiste 74. ERO AV MBE) er are) sles IO 0eddS HGobeC SRO oD 74, 151 HeronsofeMichigancsssccassentine er eens 73. IBWETROVAYG IN con donseebeobb000 ooaK0 el5e Bocca ote! ‘“Hooter”’ ...... slevoharetslelohasictelcte lees eieieieistoteteteieiatenetersts 140. Hummingbird, Anna’s.... 118, “t50, 223, Humimingb‘rd, Bineecummed. doroOd Soa060 118, 184 Hummingbird, Costa’s.........0......... 184, 224 lehbbeoboabbayedarueols IanbIOIS\GocoGoccGdon dood Goon encode 78 Hummingbirds, A Flock of................... 183, Hummingbirds Nests, Twice Used.......183, 223. [Uinois River Valley, From an Ornitholog- ical Standpoint. Illinois Swamp, Bird Neshin® IbDVEN NSE Sososoc5 of)! Illinois, The American and Least Bittern in laleratAy-Ol)opancoono0c seo Bonneau dacodceu0s oe 247 Tilinois, The Whip-poor-will in Stark Co..... 307 Indian Hen............. eiciceioeters ae oe 75, 83. Information Wanted, In Relation to the Nest and Eggs of a List of Rare Species. .92 Iowa, Great Horned Owlin..............0....- 87 Iowa, Notes on the Birds of Henry Co.......325. allen Aaeviblesoodooensnedcarocuse cece GGGd00 4 DUNaG bs 383, Tehya lewibkeriidonayrelesssigoce ance nebo dood oasd0s06- 282: Jay, HlOrida Blue . 2c. cme cciee pnbocouoNdoacolli 7) Jay in Colorado, The Long-crested........... 232; Aen OMRON G dacidincoaebedcoucdss GoopCaoEOo Isto 283. SAYA SUGISL Siero lay-icisherelorevctarwlele elles lore eealcte etree eevee 282 JUN COMORE SOM oajeyeistsiealeloleleieteteleelecene aie leene 204. AMnaxera, Silehcsoloreyolocgnon donoccassoosodods 2c6 57 HEStrel eR eicisieieisicieleicisiceiere toils ic siejateraderets ole tetenets 275; TEGUDIGKEEIE S55 Sood douaoeoAgCoOdde bees bon00es vee U3: Kingfisher, Belted............ Gd0500) aodoas dead 303. Kae MASSISSIP Pilate erelciateleieisiciellinielelelsieteieisiciers teueialels 101, Kite, Swallow-tailed...........scccecssscee---+ a0: Kite, White-tailed..... Sdbad dqboaghooas ooandd 55 nals: Lark, Prairie Horned.......... ove. 143, 236, 326 Lark, Varieties of the Horned........ vevcee ss 00) : THE OOLOGIST. Battin cd Co., F. He... 2s. Ange Jeon een sadoHe cls Lattin & Co., F. H., Plans for 1893... apoawecadece 153 Gioads (Gun) for Collectors.... ........ 0... «2+. 18 Loggerhead... nat nbpoosaceraa ascoodas dsl’) Loon’s Eggs, i Trip ib. sdobcnee nodes sacogane 171 Loons Eggs, Something More about......... 229 Magpie, The American..............-- .-..-- -211 isihaVey, IN RES ROWAN Gaon Goon poop ouKS oobarcos.das 306 Maryland. Some Shore Birds of Baltimore (CYOWTITUAY Soe oonon dade aang ooode AE asounSoqaosE 302 Mangrove Trees........- malereryaishicielerenivokeiele sieved AO juin, (CW RNa S65. GQqgdoa up cnoub beds Hoop osudonodce 24 - Martin, Purple.....-.....ee..-. sees sneer -29 Meadowlark............. pocibeau coos accanp occa. 24 WWievellina.! SiG aghzolsovllsjaano cooo oso Guo oo oend occ 101 Michigan. Notes from Isabella Co............. 24 Michigan, Raptores of...........- 101, 272, 294, 327 Michigan, The Birds of..... casoado morootoana 229 Michigan, The Herons of........ satetefovatoieyaterey ciatete 73 Migration... oo cobsdasase vacugoaaCo Usb 298, 333 Minnesota, Some Sparrows in.... .........6-. 41 Moccasin, Bite of a Water........ cosoous0 casos (iS) IWG (ol zaba fen oT Koln pgCOO DU OH OGOE Ooo Rodd e== su oonsO ed. 46 Mockingbird, False.............. Boab eesausa0se 79 VISSER S IA Le wreleicisislensteletere cticl-/-\elle eleiels(eustels siete 58, 59 Naturalist’s Association, Western New We@irlgadgaoocue cape ene obenuo Gesu soacea.s 262, 332 Naturalist’s Outfit, A Field........... 17, 105, 109 Nehrling’s ‘““North American Birds”’........ 154 Nesting, Marly........ ccsseescecceeeecee eee 157 Nest (Plum) Full, A.... .......-.2.-205- 2000 300 Nesting, Rare.....0.......--- se. eee eee sense 205 Nesting Site. A PecCuliar.............--..-,-- 331 New York City, The Birds Which Breed in Central Park..........-- . 26 New York Ce The ner Visitors of Gen tral Park.:..... Batitl New Zealand, ‘Habits of “ie ‘California Quail in........ nemdeoseoaus SUBS) aRueedk& 135 Nighthawk.. Hod tedene DOOD exces vAAd ng aneaacae NAS Nighthawk’s Nest, The.. adigadabnonGoocoopacer Nomenclature, Tr anomiials: sack oeno pddanabons oo list North Carolina Birds Eggs, A Collection of..28 Nuthatch, Brown-headed....es-seecoeeeree---- 470 Nuthatch, White-breasted............ So onocd5 Yr Obituary... ~ea0o0 bd00 Maca oe USccogannere ly BS OOLOGIST, A Poems borne: sooo sodoleeno ho soos) OoLoGist’s, The HAND- Booxk.. prateivacrstexeleiceeia toe 59 OoLoGist, The, Its Popularity.. Bsa el aaiotNE Te Oe: The, Contents of 91 Back eee jaedsiocogosonae ae uocrico de oons coopodontlels) QOlOZY ---- - ees cece nner eee sete cen etter es ene 318 Orange and Black, A Study in.. dob odonoallsy Oregon Item, An.. pond ae tole ie Oregon, Notes eon Yamhill con dp oon cos} Oriole, Baltimore.. a0606 -284, 331 Oriole, BUNOCK’S.....-.. sees esee eens cece ee ee ee 119 Oriole, Orchard... : Sapa coool Ornithological Club, ‘The Cooper. Fee a280) Ornithologist’s Association.. ve ...23 Osprey, American.. "23, 39, 53, 140, 303 Osprey in Florida and Other Notes cold 6. 0016d. O28 Osteology for Amateurs, Scientific........44,182 Onn Birds invuMneirseaunts sy ane.-ciesieeaciner cor Outfit, uw. Mield Naturalist}s. 2... 2022 ace. a ee ae he Outfit, Camping and Collecting...................18 Outfit Taxrdermistiseria. cesses iecieeta corals (QUEATIF AW ENING) Reenone - aban Aeeaaesene tae aBaHiBEe 117 Oven-bird.. sodee Mic Rorite Phot ee are eee AO Oven-birds inasy Building. ROSAS nO bey ee OL Owl, Acadian. . sig Poh Sook Me poe BaD Owl, A Captive ercecs HOS CP MMBEMin es icrincksni ci’ 331 Owl, American Barn.d3, 108, 140, 154, 296, 319. 329 Owl, Barred..................52, 84, 140; 201, 230:-328 Owl eBurrowanoeaoia neko eer ee ree 140, 234 Owl Watsons ene Ore cis hea cremiee ae ae 140 | ivy Eek i chee Ue Sah g Wolctore area stmepioars iar uae 30 Ovo MlonidayB apne diac) -fito erence aries 77 Ad ATM KOMORI STO Reel Kors acagicacodes Raa teton 177 Owl GreapG Vain verses) hoopxeeiol mato seI eee 32 Owl; Great Horned. 2.52.05 s.0~ 53, 140, 201 Ow ELO Oba eke yeicetrs nt ale ohe acre cresda re peaiae tacts 140 Owl, Large Set of Burrowing.................. 204 OWAGon'e-Caved vain, crac dala octets ne nee 140, 296 Owl Marsh aie ato od Gu eee en ta toe bet I Sa 140 Odie dE ikea anes eee sanbinAloreas ade an sehAbeecan esse) Oyadigaaaomeycckyomussssona eoocvovcvnsnserasee dae. 330 Owls Saw-wihe@bee seine. ). ines DO OES O OWLS CREECH ene aerate mason Neen hiniaee eel en A0) OwlwShort-eanredi 2 ee Ne ARO, OYA SOLA ON ertese nen comoUuapoobopadandsden a cae) CWA Spotted seis Ge res Ta ee ey eon 236 Owl, Wood.. Sees ae . 829 Owls, Winter Golleeine or r Sometuning: about. 52 PaAVAGISCPEIT OAs secular sir aa seek ee oN 224. Pari) cacheoie Aus pide strc ses eens 332 Pavone y Calitomiiar yy. nye ce eee 254 EChanKGhexey A Kowkaliphbals sae oneodbap kane sdoa ee ae 282 iPartndgeRegaeg@edmnan.cpy)seee eee 276. ipa alee. Mee IPihbRoaVe Glee ne Goan po eaeees doa ca 232. Pertinacious Pernicious (S) Parrow.... .... 122 IREWee BWC SUSETAUVOOUrr ar sare er re seen 184 Jedoye Wien oy Olen WAAL SoMa AG Abe we uy ennui. 43 pheasant; Mongoliaminn sacemc.isce sen ce oe NE AS ATUL SE ECUTT yes reser Sees eye erate res op aR a a 283 Phoebe, A Peculiar Nesting Freak of the.. .182 Phoebe Black ynan seco soatin sn eee doonod wat 117 PIS eon wean Oeballe duce eam een i eee 113 JeranPhll Del 4 Mae ocoecaut adh ade esau aaa wens 204 PIOVERPHTO Gee ar esse ee ance eee See ae 236: Plover, Nesting of the Mountain............ 230 Plover; Semipalmated: s. 7-7) .4..00--.0200) 40.6308 RVING TNE Ce Arereraret TOR-EN ye reyes a se Pol ere 42 IPM Bad dens yy aes ee oe ee ee FB, teBt PostaliardyArhiclesasssis, caterer 89: PLAITIOVE ODE ou cles assis ore EL Os: PRIZE CONTESTS, November (92).......... ..- 23 December CIs wae eee 59 J MUM AT Yin ciisceastia tee ee 90 INGIWEVALK OS ob sawooa asad samt IER ROS A Goan Nanas aoe hone 152 /2X) OF Lara ra RNG We 184 MGA cobnneokescauadee pads .« s 212 SUNOS ss eatic h he ioe 237 dj? Waehsae Af 261 THE OOLOGISY. . ‘PRIZE CONTESTS, AuguSt...............-.....285 Swallow, Bam sens eine eae 106 September................. BOQ Swell UO) vyjsy © iit es eee eee ete es ae eee eg 72, 184. OCtODEL ACE eee 309 Swallow, Rough-winged........ 00 ...2222.22.22ee ee 29 November........-... . .... +3083 Swallow, The Rough-winged.........................106 SPO WLS TIM Aen eactola ele ere ee ee slvele eka ERE 330 SiwallowsVaoletencentses slate ees 22 CBRE en RGIUP i Sam aoa te Matava Ge Rit Ue Aalec ned 705) Swift, The Chimney 2... 208; 284 Quail in New Zealand, On the Habits of the Managers Te OW Sia race ge es eee 184 CHNMIOIIMNE, 656: ac05 sdoc0gcsogsdeeoacseeouce 135 Tanager, Scarlet.............. --.----.. 29, 59 , 307, 330 Quail, INOW ASIEN NG se ao odieececadsossecocosabs olla gphay mee yexere. SibbamiaaKey O35 sya esc cog neoscesece coseaoetose. 29, 330 Rail in California, Virginia ......2..0...0t-- jg, Taxidermy” “‘Davie’s Methods in the Art of. 58 PANN ER Te rete e ty ele cise Wino Ue kati 21 43,57 Term, Black 2 ee cece estes 44, 231 RAAT: Sores a Uae Kerala 2) 305 Tern, Caspain or Imperial...................2..2.....- 114 Tash, \Waliefesib OIE) 2225 eo oeseces eacasaaseeaseeses Sacco ana bcn 154, 306 mek Bee Ste SMS, Gl Ain Ea ac ee a ~802 peels WES ee PAA ee NGAI RUEL TNT HeeR Over a i OiCncolinatwrens in reavis ‘Co OE SUB Maeno ee cee PRGee Mace eres ay ar on Thrasher, Brown amble, W Rb Mitcae id eh Ausgle 1S RT AU a rae F Raptoresiof Michigan... 101, 972)204,087 Sas ce cna Raptores of Omaha and Vicinity...... ............ 138 Thrush. Sone : arya 260 306 0) EER =) ER ORS ONE ROO SSIS CONOR OS OOS OH OSECO ONS IS COSC Oncd Raven, Be! UGE Oe cooe sc aosnsacecBocen nah) Conesecoceon OU, : Thrush, Wilson’s ee ae jon TPIS, WOO nn ae Bed-tall, Western canon 78, M7180 Tiicase, tuted. aa Robin, American... 2 teen 48 MEOW GO ct) Le RGR ating 98. 51. 925 TUOUIEGTEL NCES tlaa eon spose ase a peices nasa pas norte ae Mowers © alin orerai cpr cee saeesee eae a eee a ere 78 Sandpiper, Bartramian ....-............2. 2... 2 ROWE Oy OCP OT eer eee cere ae eee 203 Sandpipers aeastis a Mu Mi eet aeeel aie ANON MNES) SV OWUA ROL oe ence ceraceescsctcoes bedeesccsuosecoce 79 Sandpiper, Semipalmated Towhee Wihite-eyed. 2). 2 eee 177 Sajna lonjarere, SOM Re onckcencmn mcnhensoenersbemnusioacd Tribulations of the Oologist—Poetry...... ...... 122 (SkewavelonyoVene, (STOO WMI anartasenee (ceponthcussaesoecocene econ Turkey, Some Notes on the Wild................... 293 MO ADSUCK Er wh Chas ease yee senen yeti aueae ny oaeeue sees Rr Ke yy (Wai COT icc eI ee ee eee a 148 So een Ne ape ay Vireo, Mountain Solitary ..... 0.2 29 coun een Witeo, Red-eye sor inen nents a0 Scissor-tail feet ein Ve ACNE ied RUN a DR Car EAU Up NIACIN ORC Vireo, Warbling patel ties tiie ite OE) BRC OSA0OCS SC) 119, 184 ae LN TATE ts saat CL Nuss aga Waneo, Wiblite-e yea... 7550000 os eae 30 ‘Shore Birds of Lake Roland and Loch Ray- AEE), MONO Gis a Oat et Ty) TN Ge aa a a 29 en, Baltimore Co., Maryland ........ ........... 302) ny gules Calif orn ae ee 49 ‘Shrike of Florida, The Loggerhead................. 7g Wulture Eggs, Collecting Black... 2. BB Sy LELDOIROn awa etme op NUL MprelReuceape AU VAULLD ELI @ S070 ULE Ky 20s er eres eae eee 82, 255 Siskin, Pime _-- 22... 2 eeesee eects 22, 307 Warbler, Black and White... 51 Skeleton, To Prepare @ .......---2-2--2 12.2. 44,182 Warbler, Black-throated Green... 52 ‘snake Birds, Among the... /... 2 148 Warbler, Blue-winged............... Eee BRENNA CL 326 ‘Snakes in Florida, Poisonous ............. -..... 150 Warbler, Blue Yellow-backed.............. 51 STON OOO ls TE PEKO) ee Sea caer soctncs ea suetaaaeacecdaads Wier, Camacho 51 Snowbird, Oregon... Warbler, Golden-winged.................-. 183 ‘Sparrow, Clay-colored IVa] CT WETO OCLC Gla teen ce ene 46 SEIDETANON Tg EMO oe cocoa oe ccoece titre casos os Warbler, Nesttng of the Blue-winged Yellow110 Sparrow, FOX... eee eee eect oy Nivehelalere, IE AWAMUI oe ISD AERO WHEL QELS |S! secs 8 ot vanenes ese reson asee eee Warbler Pine s.2.0) 20 ee ee Sparrow, Heermann’s Song...................... 78,116 Warbler, Prairle........... 0... Sparrow, Lark... esses eee een Warbler, Prothonotary.............0..0...--.-.. Sparrow, Leconte’s Warbler, The Golden Swamp Sue Rite cescteeesceeeceees Warbler, With the Prairie.......... Parrow, SwWaMYP......-..-----.--------1 senses eee Warbler, Worm-eating........ Sparrow, Texan Seaside. woes oa: 301 Warbler, Yellow Palm PAR Sparrow, Varieties of Song sen enteee serteee ee cee ee ---- 56 Warbler, Yellow throated::..05) Sai Daa Sparrow, Wihite-crowmedy: sss. ee 41" “Warblens!£wols.. a ee Sparrow, White-throated sae ee ence eee eewee 2+ ------ eee 41 W ater- Thr ush, Louisiana Pepe Mutu en aE. Nick 3 ee a Minnesota, Some...........-..-.... -.. a Webb, Walter F. in Partnership with “Lat- POLIS GWE UG xg seee eee GUD AR ae esc ae Ge i) 2 RTL a Seo TES a A I an RSLS CMD TH ViGTy yee Aeon ce utente Nalige fv uON S 21 ae poor-will.. SCOOT VODs reer AUCs Sree ey Be 76, 83 Whip-poor-will in n Stark Co., Illinois, The.....307 THE OOLOGIST. “WILSON, SCENES FROM THE LIFE OFALEXANDER His Early American Career........................ 147 His Southern Subscribtion Tour................821 Journey to the Falls of Niagara.................. 221 The First Volume of the American Or- BPI TY OL OPN is. eae essccezes apse eas eewcto na wkaen eek Ene 269 The Planning of his American Ornithology206 The Progress of His Undertaking ...... ....... 245 Wilson and Bartram the Naturalist ........... 175 Avalis ova Tay SCO AE hae as Ree eee 110 ‘Woodcock, Peculiar Habit of the... -..-........... 232 Wioodcock. The American 2:22.) 278 Woodpecker, American Three-toed...... -....... 256 Woodpecker, Arctic, Three-toed ........ ............256 aVKoOoU pecker Black. 0 uses iis esse Les 256 Woodpecker, Californian.........-......2...2--....2...: 79 NVOOGDECKET DO WAY 2s eases -e see een becca 154, 256 WUOOGMeCKEl GainGQMeh So -ens cennscossccenssnaa = vi NMOOG PEC KEr i Gill ayeires set setae nee asceenevoesactsesseeeeaans 30 Woodpecker, Golden-winged...... ..-..........2.... 284 Woodpecker, -Hiaitty..... 22-22 ie sessed. 25, 256 avvioodpecker, Eviory-billed sce: eee ee 824 Wioodpecker bileated se 24, 256 Woodpecker, Red-headed ...............-.....--..-..256 Woodpecker, Southern Hairy........................ 177 WORLD’S FAIR NOTES. California Redwood Treg .-..... -....0002.2-.-... 16 Columbian Half Dollars. 222 2 16 Eggs Collected on World’s Fair Grounds ..153 Jottings and Advice from Our Special Cor- RESPON GEG sseesk eee ees es ene! Lattin’s Exhibit IMEIMEN AC ALES ae tea one eee coe ee eae Natural History Notes OoLOGIST’s Exhibit of Eggs.................. -90, 154 LEVEY ONIKC To yHON OOH EKO Ole ee eee ote 157 San WOUSIE, TM ACYL ID oe Sees pene Geaaeen See la 157 Wren, Baird’s Nunon Florida.. Wren Had Revenge, How : a Vernon WROTE OUS@ esc veces ashi Nimes 47 cle itp ete ieee et Wren, Long-billed Marsh Wren, Parkman’s AVA CTY GRO C Heap ab eee hy Ras eye eeeene aoa ei Wren, Short-billed Marsh Wren, Winter Yellow-throat, Maryland....................... enone 45 PVC LLO Wiel @ oS aie tere pd eens rant ete meena Saree 302 Yellow-legs; Greater Sate ee 302 NB ~~ Lae : fai Monthly. Laue ee a BRE | ALBION, N.°Y¥., JAN., 1898. £\ Sot Baraca sacar Sen > uly ; ase . VUMGOeRORseeachee BOO weANUS. ae 2 *¢. oa 50c. per Year. “3 6 Now Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department or 50e per #5 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional rd. No notice inserted for less than 5uc. Terms, cash with order. ‘ poe Strictly First-class specimeus will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates, “DeALERS” Cap use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted tor “Wants” and ‘‘Hxchanges” only ‘and according to conditions stated thereon. To say that Iam pleased with the Exchange Department of the OOLOGIS? is putting it rath- ‘er light. By means of my recent exchange notice I have enlarged my collection by exactly $86.55 worth of eggs. “Let the good work g0 -on.” Respectfully. A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE, ‘Poynette. Wis. WANTEHD.—Breech loading rifie, Double bar- rel shot gun. Smith & Wesson..Colt or Reming- ton revolver. telescope, field glass, carpenter or painters tools. Will give good exchange in first-class eggs, silverene watch. books, papers, Couns, etc. C. BYRON VANDERCOCK, ee lls. 26 TO EXCHANGE.—A1 Bird Skins for same or ‘sets not in my collection. Send list and receive ciine. J. CLAIRE WOOD, 104 Abbott St., Detroit, Michigan. WANTED.—Some choice minerals. Parties jnavine large nice specimens for exchange. send dist. I have to offer, rare. clutches of Birds eges. WALTER, F. WEBB. Geneva, N. Y. WANTED.—Avyoung greyhound. Offer for ‘same. Birds Eggs and skins,Mamma! Skins and. Siculls. etc. and if necessary will give a few $s. Write at once to A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE, ‘Poynette, Wis. ; LOOK! 5x8 camera value $20, &0 stamps value $85, 150 varieties of eggs $20, 32 S. & W. perfectly new value $9.50, Shortwind Water- bury value $4. Any of the above at a BARGAIN for caSh or extra strong field glasses. . Address - Ga particulars ERNEST KE, LEH, Covington, a. FOR SALE.- A Safety Bicycle in good con- dition. solid tire, cash value $25 or will sell for part cash and any of the following articles, Camera, Coues’ Key, Books on Zoology, Orni- thology, Oology or Birds Eggs and Slains. NATHAN L. DAVIS, 314 University Ave.. Rochester, N. Y. WANTED. Vols. I and II of the Auk’ in 00d condition. Will give part /cash. and part exchange in desirable sets of eggs. .§ THOMAS H. JACKSON, West Chester, Pa. J2t WANTED.—One large Ostrich egg and one set of 428 n-2. “Parties wishing to dispose of their eges or mounted birds will please send Vist with lowest cash price. W. C. PICKENS. Livingston, Ala. TO. EXCHANG .— Cecropid | coccoons, | in darge or small quantities, andato aa ae ee woods, also a few sets. lor sets., Skis, insects, relics, fossils. etc. £. DWIGHT SANDERSON, 364 W. Warren Ave., Detroit, Mich. NOVICE.—Minerals. stamps. a few single seges. and insects. to es change for eggs in Sets, insects. minerals. stulied birds, traps. or bo ks on woodcratt. C. WiLL BEEBE, 73 Ashland Aye., Bast Orange. N. J. TO KXCH \NGE.—Books, Magazines. 3 vols. Y¥outh’s Companions. Golde; “Argosys. and birds eggs. to exchange for Buss eges. Indian welics. Climbing irons or Ornithological books. as. J. ZLOTSHFORD, Medina, N2y¥. HOR HXCHANGE.—Somie fine clutches of Chachalaca. St. Domingo Grebe, Amer. White Pelican, Texas Sparrow, Baird’s Woodpecker, Texas Thrasher, Curve bill Dorasher,and many others. Wanted fine bird skins, and minerals. Will also take a few large saowy shells and corals. WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva. N. Y. TO EXCHANGE... A Puzzle Key Ring and a beautilul Check, with your name and address engraved thereon. attached. for 35¢ worth of Ist class sets, or singles listed at 10¢ or over. 1st class-eges to ex. for toy machinery. ERWIN, KEITH, Ottawa, Kansas. POR EXCHANGE.—Cacti and other plants for cacti or rare plants or bulbs natiye or for- eign. Write first stating what-yyou hx»ve. AR- THUR STALEY, Wullerton, Orange Co., Cala. A NEW 4 cal. model 1873 Winchester Rifle for a Smith & Wesson revolver 3% or 38 calibre. J. R. CRAIGUH, Minnewaukan, N. Dak. , TO KXCHANGH.—A few first-class skins, ani mounted specimens ot Lap-and Longspur. Make offers. WHIT HARRISON, La Crescent, Minn. 2 THE OOLOGIST TO EXCHANGE.—About three thousand tin tobacco lags, to exchange tor any kinds of bird eggs, in singles or sets. (The party sending ix. did not give address.—E\D.) TO EXCHANGE.—8 Youth’s Companions and 100 cigarette pictures for best offer of tirst- class eggs in sets with data. JAMES Mc- CRACKHN, 4B Kendall St., West Chicago, Ills. WANTED.—Butterdlies, relics, museum. SHEBACH, Peru, Ills. WANTED.—Any species of Aricularia. Hlo- dea, Vallisneria, Potunroyeton, and Linna, also fresh water gasteropo.ts. Will give pshells, plants and other specimens JOHN BRIb- WELL, Lapeer, Kan. TO EXCHANGE.—Fine fossils for sea Shells, Indian implements, or curios. KNOAaA, Silver Creek. N. Y TO EXCHANGE —'Tobacco tags and foreign stamps ior eggS or OoLOGIST, OOLOGIST prefer- red. Send lists and receive mine. LAWRHNCE, APPLiWTUN, Haddontield, N. J. curios for fossils, dla, fi PICCOLO, (cash value $3.50) to exchange for best offer of eggs in sets. Also a numoper of good novels. Writefor list WILFRED H.Os- GOOD, San Jose. Cal. DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith “copy” for an exchange notice which 1 would like to have inserted in next issue of the OoLoGisr. Ten- close herewith in payment for same ‘0c. im stamps. I find thatan exchaprge or want no- tice in your magazine always brings more re- plies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. Very truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. TO EXCHANGH.- Thirty varieties foreign stamps, catalogue value thirty cents, and dime album, for an egg of Cakifornia Murre. WATTAGE LEE, So. Otselic, Chenango Co., $150. Rre Sets and singles including Eagles. Hawks, Hummers, &c.. and a small stock of Calif. curiosities, to exchange for Bi- cycle, Revolvers, Guns, Stamps, ete. Allans’d, C. TURTON, Los Argeles, Cal. WANTED.—Strictly first-class singles (large eggs preferred), aw pair of strapped climb ng irons (new) and a 22 Cal. rifle for 1uuU U. S. and foreign postage stamps, value $20 Address R. SANFORD. 1/ Cottage street, Rutland, Vt. WANTED.— Birds in tae meat, Hawks. Owls, Shrikes. Buntings, Jays,ete. in exchange for,.st class sets With fulldata. EK. B. PECh, 15 Park St., Canandaigua. N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.—"'Davie’s Nests and Eggs” last edition, cloth bound, new, for best offer of other works on Natural History, botany and ornithology preferred. State binding, date, condition. etc. A.O. GARRHTT, 1425, Ky. St., Lawrence, Kansas. WANTED.—Back volumes of papers and standard books on Ornithology and Oology. Also pocket Cases of instruments, 'axidermical anu Oological. Cash orexchange given. ROB- DRT A. CAMPBELL. Hanover, N. H. WISH to exchange old United States and foreign stamps, fragments of Indian pottery, curios, etc. for Indian arrows and stamps not 1n my collection. ARTHUR LOHMAN, ‘Two Rivers, Wis. ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown. Write stating quantity you can furnish. with cash or exchange price. I would also likea few hundred snake eges. FRANK H. LATIN, Albion, N. Y. AMERICAN HISTORY.—I desire, at once, the rollowing books,either new or second-hand, ~ Bancroft’s History of the United States, Ban- croft’s History of the formation of the Consti- tution ofthe Unit-d States, Fiske’s American Revolution, Frostingham’s Rise of the Republi: of the U.S., or any other. Standard Works on American History. I will give in exchange, Shells, Corals, Indian Relics, Minerals, Birds HKgegs or other curiosities. Send discription of what you have to offer and state what you want for the same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Ne OOLOGISTS WANTED.—I want covies of Jan -Peb., 1£87 or Dee. 1886 with Jan.-Feb., 1857 attached, and June, 1£88 OOLOGISTS. I ‘also want copies of my 18% ‘‘Vologist Hand-Book”. For each copy of the above three publications you willsend me before Feb. Ist L will give a copy ot the “New Standard Catalogue” or a White Metal Blowpipe or an Einbryo Hook or a copy of ‘Insect Collecting” or 25 cents worth of 1890-1891 or 1892, OOLOGISTS. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. YOUR JUDGEMENT is wanted. On March 1st Ishallissue a iew supplementary pages to the New “Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds”. If you pose-s a copy and in your honest op:n- ion you are convinced that the prices should either be changed or added to certain species, I shall consider it a personal favor if you will give m: the benefit of your opinion at an early date, not later than Feb. 15th. Your opinion will be most carefully considered and whether adopted or not a complimentary set of these pages will be mailed you gratis. Faithiully, FRANK H. LATTIN. Albion, N. Y. ; : “Nature’s Serial Story.” As told in the monthly “California Traveller and Naturalist.” is interesting and vzrialle. All branches of Geography. Natural Science, and Observation, our specialty. One year for a silver dime. Samples Free. A specimen free to the 300 new subscribers enclosing a stamp. 216 South First St.. San Jose, California. Jet. Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, i strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, most accurate, most compact, and most modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. Catalogues mailed free by : The Marlin Fire Arms Co. Cown., U.S. A. i Sead ALL iui. e trameuctiousin Birds Legs should be and with “La tin” mst be bared on the pric- es given in the New “Stiuuaaru Catalogue.” : THE OOLOGIST. 8 We quote the following Liberal Offers until Feb. 1st, ON EGGS OF THE FOLLOWING SPECIES.. Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added ior postage and packing. For $1 ae you can select Eggs to the amount of $1.50 te 2 ot te .O 3.50 8.00 : 6.00 5.00 . Wl eets) 0.00 Y 25,010) 25.00 75,00 This offer will hold good until Feb. Ist andis doubtless the only chance to obtain eggs at so low a rate of us during 1893. All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser’s risk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’s expense by express. SECOND- CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of a first-class one. Parties ordering sécond-class Eggs must name a list of extra Eggs to be nsed as substitutes. SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceded by *. A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap egg, not fouud in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times as much. Many wide- awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large supply for this purpose. I might add that if your collections arein need of any species included in (oter, an opportunity to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again. HornedsGrebes es. acco AN) o> RIDGES IB IIHeN cals es foo YO) deel saya veneer 3 50. - *American Eared Grebe. 15 Great Blue Heron.............. 25 *American Sparrow Hawk 20 *St. Domingo Grebe........ 50) Snowy Heron... 15 *American Osprey.............. 50. *Pied-billed Grebe............ LOPE MRNeACIShen ore te earns 35 American Barn Owl........ .. 30 *Black-throated Loon....... 150 Louisiana Heron............... 12 American Long-eared OWl 35 *Red-throated Loon...... Po ee leibule Biliereeron2 4: Beale aestsavere Cia @)wileenselerennse eesun an 1 00. INTO Sye3 Pe ae a See =) 20) Eneeera Vetere. ee 12. Florida Barred Owl ....... 1 25 *California Murre.............. 20. *B’k-crowned Night Heron 12 Screech Owl..................... 50. Ney EaTb i eee oe acter ean) DE eg 50 Y’w-crowned Night Heron 20 Florida Screech Owl......... 50. Parasitic Jaeger Uae silks Diab eat 03) Kea heeae sieve eee eae ” Texan Screech Owl _......... 50. Kittiwake ....-5....... 40 Virginia Rail--.-2-.. 2). 20 || California Sereech Owl. »50: lenin SCs aes. OMe SON aie lee Nese At Meet aera 10° Great Horned Owl _.--.._._ 1 00 American Herring Gull... 20 *Florida Gallinule............. 10 Western Horned Owl......... 1 00. IWC Was Gua aE ee eon ~Americani Coot. 2225. s + 08) *BurrowingiOwl... 2...) 9 1b. Taye ales lbasy Cab eee ene eens 35 Wilson’s Phalarope........... 75 Groove-billed Ani............_ 1 09 Caspain Term................. 50) HKuropean Snipe _-... 3 = 3d) avon MolsebuMnaKere > Ds Royal) Terns 40 *Bartramian Sandpiper. .. 38) *Yellow-billed Cuckoo aie, 15 Cabot’s Tern ...... 40 *Spotted Sandpiper... . 15 Bilack-billed,Cuckoo...*....... 15 Forster’s Tern.... 10 Long-billed Curlew, Bae ce 100. Belted Kingfisher............ 20, Common Tern =... 08 Whimbrel .~ 30 Hairy Woodpecker... Sa 50 ING GG. MMEID NS ane cose aaa see 10 *Lapwing ee 15 Southern Hairy Wooa- BOCAS Ue Iniewene nse es : 08s Golden Plover. es 3240) pecker .. Ss - 1 00. ESOOpyA Rennes Ses sie By, OSGI NOX XSa Bee ee ig eM 20 Harris's Woodpec!: er . 7D. “SI BTETOUerol Newel ale ee yo Nes ee 100 Ring Plover . 20 Downy Woodpecker .......... 20 Black Tern IQ) 1SXo Vo \yviaubare, je : 10 Gairdner’s Woodpecker... 50: SIN OGGiyagee een oe 50 *Florida Bob-white..._........ 15 Red-cockadedWoodpecker 1 50. rol aMUilaaley pee see ee cathe) Gey. AMebres al IBXOV OS Mahie ae 10 *Baird’s Woodpecker ........ 1 00. Manx Shearwater 100 *Chestnut bellied Scaled Wh te-headed Woodpecker 1 00 *Audubon’s Shearwater... 1 50 IP ei penGkeyey se 85 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. — 50. Stormy Petrel | =). ‘OQ California Partridge 10 Williamson’s Sapsucker... 1 00 *Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 2 50 Valley Partridge...._.... Pee) Oe ACC OMVOOGD EC KCI 1 00. PES OOM Yr as cs can anu | 0, Ia) rsuiiedsaGrouses 15 Red-headed Woodpecker... 08 (Gianna pase Feeney 35 Willow Ptarmigan _...... 100 Californian Woodpecker... 40 Cormorant: sane DOR COM Lock Ptarmigan ses 1 00 Lewis’s Woodpecker......... 35 *Double-crested Cormor’nt 2 *Chachalacs............ 75 Red-bellied Wooipecker... 2b. Farallone Cormorant... ‘QO “White-crowned Pigeon.. -100 Golden-fronted Woodpec’r 50. *American White Pelican. 3 *Mourning Dove................ (OB WS IMUKON SHO oa cee biemeda maeoeu tie 03 *Man-o’-war Bird.............. 1 UO White-fronted Dove... 35 Red-shafted Flicker........ 10 American Merganser ..150 *White-winged Dove......... 20 Chuek-will’s-widow ........... 1 50 Red-breasted Merganser... 75 Ground Dove _.......... ...... AO Wes Niobe ilcence ee ees eee 40 Muropean Deal 25... _ 20 Mexican Ground Dove... 5) Western Nighthawk ..__... 40. Green-winged Teal............ DO COODEH Sweaty keene 30 Texan Nighthawk............ | 40, *Blue winged Teal...__...._.. 0) IBIBW ARIES) Jalemnlte eo tiU Chimney Swift ...... ......... 2, Canvas-back ........ .. Seeded 125 Red-tailed Hawk ........ ...... 50 *Ruby-throated Humming- Barrow’s Golden-e\e........ 100 Western Red-lail............. a0) bird - 50: TR oKOlehy. Iwi a E 35 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 35 *Black-chinned Humming- ; *American Flamingo......... 100 Florida Red-shouldered Kin AAAs ee UU 50. American Bittern, BE AN! Vi) Ea Wilcke eg DIN at 65 *Costa’s Hummingbird...... 72, 4 THE OOLOGIST. < *Anna’s Hummingbird... 50 Ch’stn’t-collaredLongspur 385 #White-eyed Vireo............ 15 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10 Vesper Sparrow......:....... . Oa) IBXSNUSS WaeeVo)- 2 ee a TeGipayeyorb RGN os ee 03 Western Vesper Sparrow. 15 Prothonotary Warbler... 25 Arkansas Kingbird............ 06 Oregon Vesper Sparrow... 25 SBlue-winged Warbler... ..... 1 50 ‘Crested Blvgateners. fae oN Ses 12 Savanna Spavrrow.............. 10> Mellow.Wiarbler = 05 Phebe. E ....... U4 Grasshopper Sparrow ...... 20 Magnolia Warbler _.__ nema {o0) Say’s TEINGTS es ees 15 Western GrasshopperSpar- Black Poll Warbler ......... . 75 Black we niceerny ase 15 GONNA irie ects ae age a SOPs 20 Prairie Waabler_....... Slane! Wood Pewee ........ ............ 12 Lark Svarrowe.) 2 | 05 Water-Tbrush.. 50 Western Wood Pewee ...... 20 Western Lark Sparrow... 05 Louisiana Water-Thrush. 50 Western Flycatcher......... 20 *Gambel’s Sparrow ........... 15 Maryland Yellow-throat.. 12 Acadian Flycatcher ....... 15 Chipping Sparrow __........ 02 *Yellow-breasted Chat..__.. 08 Little Plycatcher............. 25 Bield’Sparrows oe 030 aon ge-tanledy @hiaithe sees 15 Mravlwsmely cateheras sss 15 Slate-colored Junco 20 American Redstart........._. 15 Prairie Horned Lark...:..... 16 Black-throated Sparrow... 35 American Dipper ........... 1 00 Desert Horned Lark ......... 20) Sous Sparrows. 02 *Mockingbird oes ‘Texan Horned Lark... .. 80 Desert Sone Sparrow....... sbi, A Cabbir Giese olan iis ee een 02 American Magpie _..........2 15 Heermann’s SongSparrow 10 *Brown Thrasher ............. 03 Yellow-billed Magpie ...... 35 Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 0s *Sennett’s Thrasher... 15 IBM AB lyiecses ie se kee denen. 04 .Swamp Sparrow ........ ..... 12 *Curve-billed Thrasher... 15 Florida Blue Jay.........2.2 85 =tDexas Sparrow. ...._....... 0), *@alifornia Thrasher <0 California ayoue eo Oise ONVIENE Clee eaten sn SUN aULN Oot CARS VVERe Taye rea deme y *American Crow:.............. 05 “Spurred Vowhee -.2 0. 20) -Bewick’ss“irens 2 20 Viorica row ieee 35. *Oregon Towhee _............ Bw WOON SS Wee ay Joe ton BOS es 25 Northwest Crow ....... {-..... 85° California Towhee _...... 10) Sp sain disnVarense eee. Ses aNEE 25 HIiSh Oxrow a leh ee eae Gay EA ORMOND MEN) Newt saa) Be oe 03 House Wren... a Pa Us: eee 5) 0) Sablso-cehal @eheclinake oe 85 Western House Wren... .. 08 Bobolink... 25 *Rosebreasted Grosbeak. 10 Long-billed Marsh Wren. 05 COW IPG enue Hike eau Ie, 03 *Black-headed Grosbeak... 15 Mulei Wrens) 0) aeenes 12 *Dwarf Cowbird____.. 10) SBilwe Cro sbealks sees 20 White breasted Nuthatch. 35 *Red-eyed Cowbird 40 Western Blue Grosbeak... 25 © Slender-billed Nuthatch”... 75 *Yellow-headed Blackbird 03 Indigo Bunting... 08 $Brown-headed Nuthatch... 25 *Red-winged Blackbird... 02 lazuli Bunting... 20) Lufted @itmouseee. . 3d *Bicolored Blackbird ........ 10 Painted Bunting .... 10 Texan Tufted Titmouse. _¥ *Tricolored Blackbird... 1 5pe ee DICkKCISSe lies eee eae es Os) 9 TP ikeniarabihqamoybisyey 50 “MICE KClOneyelke NO) Abewelke 1esuway j havens 25- Chickadee . preter igyalee *Western Meadowlark... 10 Louisiana He encore SO Sth 75 Oregon Chickadee _ ry Wa ee ara 35 *Orchard Oriole .............. (06 Scarlet. Tanager... _... % Carolina Chickadee... 15 *Baltimore Oriole —....._. 05 Summer Tanager Rape NSN ie % Californian Bush-Tit..._ 15 “Bullocks Oriole) 7a) 108 2EuiplesViar, tines ea eeeees ADs AVIS GTA iris Ee ek ne ee eNOS 39 *Brewer’s Blackbird .._... 035 *Clitt Swallow. . 08 Blue-gray Gnatcatcher__... 20 *Purple Grackle .......... 05 Barn Swallow................. 05 Western Gnatcatcher..... 50 Florida Grackle 10; ree Swallow eee iy. Mivroyoyal WMayewisin 2 ce 06 *Bronzed Grackle 05 *Bank Swallow... ... 03 Walson’s Thrushy so ss 12 Great-tailed Grackle........ 15 Cedar Waxwing... 10 *Russet-backed Thrush... 15 Boat-tailed Grackle........ lay > Leone ihovny oyeyouay a 385 Olive-backed Thrush....... 35 *House Finch 05 *Loggerhead Shrike _.. __.. Gish) lelterranbh nM onesie ee 30 ILE GON ea Aube voy 35 *White-rumped Shrike __ 08 *American Robin... (03 “American Goldfinch _....... 05 *California Shrike... 08 Western Robin ens 10 Westérn Goldtinch 10) > Red-eved) Wareo 2 10 eS otras en ee ces 62 “Arkansas Goldfinch...... 102] Wiarbline Var cot spss 1D pe NVestern: Bilebin diets] amen Lawrence’s Goldfinch ___ 20 Yellow-throated Vireo_..... 25 Mountain Bluebird... Se, English Sparrow............... 02 Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. ; DR. TAFT’S Instead of flying to the door gasp- ing for breath, seeming asif each one would be your last, you have only totakea few doses Asthmalene when the spasmis broken, the prauthine becomes easy and you feel as if an angel of mercy had unloosed the iron grasp of the fingers of death. The happiest moment of your life will be when you have used a few bottles of Dr. Taft’s ASTHMALENE andit has cured you of “ig and prove Asthma. We mai/to any Asthma sufferer a trial bottle that it does Sold by druggists. Dr, Taft Bros. M. Co., Rochester,N.Y Cure Asthma. y i: - following name denotes the time when your sub- scription expires or has expired. The figures are - according to our books Dec 10, 1892 and renewals Sent since that date have been credited on our ooks, but not on the label. 56 signifies your subscription expired - **80—75cts. 6066060600006060060006000006000006660 ® THE QOLOGIST. if mad® eas Mayuufaccure- : ing RubberStamps.Send " for Price List of Outfits. { toJ. F. W. Dorman & | ee Co.. 217 East German Street, Baltimore, Md. Examine the little rose-colored address label on the wrapper of the OoLoGist, The number June 1890. 62 es Dee. W 68 O — £6 ee June 1891, a a : phar eGh 3 .ct 80 es = ws ee June 1892 86 “ es Ww will expire Dec. ss 92 “es ‘ee “e oe ae June 1893 4 98 te oe Dec. ee We are desirous of straightening our subserip- tion books at once and trust our subseribars will send in their subscriptions for ’93 including all aarrearages. at their earliest conveniences. the amounts necessary to accomplish this are as foilows: “56"—$1.75. *62”—$1.50. *'68’—$1.25. “74”—$1.00 *-86"°—a0cts. Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip- tion to the OoLoGIsT your indebteduess to us is »0 cents less than the above amounts. mission. Be quick. Goods on 0 credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL- TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa. Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa. Can coin big money. Bran new plan. Great craze. Just out. Goo side line.”” Biggest chance ever offered agents, salary or com- BOlCSCIO1N99OOCOHNOCODOHOOOODOOOOCO HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach, liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas- always effectual. Areliable eee Female Com- Nettle h, ainful Diges- tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood to the Head, £allow Com- lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald read, Scrof- ula,Sick Head- ache, Skin Dis- eases,Sour Stomach,Tired Feeling,Torpid Liver, Ulcers, Water Brash and every oth- er symptom or disease that results from impure blood or a failure in the proper perform- ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben- efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest cure for obstinate constipation. -They contain nothing that can be injurious to the most deli- cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 76c., 1-24 pross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid. Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY, P. O. Box 672, New York, ©0000008080000000000000000000000 © 006060968960 6000009580080000000000000 2d Hand Books.—I will give at all times ‘good exchange for second-h ind copies of any book I offer for sale. {£ desire at once good cop- des of “A. O. U. Check-List,” and Baird, Brewer and Ridgeway’s “History of N. A. Birds’’—both “Land” and Water Birds.” Will pay cash. ERANK H..UAPTIN, Albion. N. Y. 13 Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals and Curiosities. Cretaceous Fossils of Eastern Monta- naa Specialty. ScAPHITES Nopusus, M. and H. POTN AIS sO Fea San eae Sree ee ee 15 Actaeon attenuata :........... pe eees 15 Anisomyon Yatielliformis _..-... - AG eet ah Treo ie 30 TEEVOTUNTAS OVATE Le ee ee 10 to $1.00 CallisGanWe weyilesexce veteran 15 to .25 Dental mips pac Cpe wee se ewes eee see eet ees ,15 Hamineayminore. ays MEATS Sg ge ere 9 _ 15 MOISGTTAEMICE Kelis a 08 Ws elites i hy ae a 15 Venielaisub btn cae seis ie oe a 15 MOCeramuUs CONVEXUS els | ee ee -20 to .75 oS Crispirs 4. NS WO)Se) Lunatia concinna :.._...... Gece MGs LP any Ly let en UN gr 15 Lucina subundata ................. : reel Margarita Nebrasensis .. 15 NuGcuIa cancellatassse LO eI, 15 Scaphites nodusus .. __..,10 to $2.00 MAG BESTA GC UTE a Taieetae nei ree eee eon ear Suds eae Fes nuni, 15 AMD ANS SihibnavaS OVNI ok ee ee 15 Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus. Rock containing a variety of small fossils 25 to .56 Tregonucarpus nuts (iossil) size of Hickorv TU eee Dig, SEL SEY beats _.. .20 to .25 IM OSSLIMC AV SS apr te Wiener, xian Uae St We 15 to .75 AC AES TOUCHE es pee ao Se ae ee 10 to. .50 te OLS eS Cee hee eee eee ees 25 to $2.00 California Onyx. polished ....:_. -. .:....... 40 to $1.75 IRBCOSKC Var Ae abe Sie san eee ene ene eee, 25 to .75 BOSSI OTM Sree es cei were meta tN cere Nene yy sen 15 tO)-15 Petrified wood 10 to .50 Agatized wood 10 to . FO FORCE VAMC Ee ye eee a Nie Rt UOT SE RIN LOO! 225 [Sky aven/cfoyen) OMY ee ee 0 0.x Sponge lava, will float in- Water ........ ...-1: 0.40 Lava. has been melted, and run like molasses CON CLV Retreat ck wee eerie) ai 15 to only 10 cents (regular price rT ‘||| 25 cents.) your name, if re- ore ceived within next 30 )) days, will be BOLDLY 2—1 printed on gummed ! paper, and from Pub- lishers, Manufactur- ers and others, you | will receive hundreds probably thousands, 4of valuable Books, Samples, Papers, Maga- zines, etc. AHI free and each parcel with one of REN lili) your boldly printed ad- dresses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We willalso print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 1891. DEAR SrRs—My 500 addresses received. From my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- turers, ete. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of Gail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ.. Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. © BUY THE O- ] THE BEST IS THE [ Send TEN cents to 28 Union Sq., Ns Vey for our prize game, ‘‘ Blind Luck,’’ and win a New Home Sewing Machine. win a New Home Sewing Machine. _ The New Home Sewing Machine Co, ORANCE, MASS. _6@ 28 UNION SQUARE, NY. O~, CREASE NS Aarne SPN Meeg IKL. “gost ya, AL Stious®” FOR SALE BY Atuas.te* ' _ £. W. WILCOX, Albion, N. Y. Birds’ Eggs and Minerals. T have a very choice stock of both at low rates. Write at ouce for New Yes List of eggs, also list of minerals. Prices gutranteed the lowest, an l Specimens the best.-WAUTER FF. WEBB. Geneva, N. Y. CIRCULAR = DISTRIBUTERS WANTED Publishers, Patentees, Manutacturers, ete., are daily requesting us to supply the addresses: ot reliable circular distributors, bill posters, etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, to be mailed to business men, new, profitable and permanent employment to one man, woman or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S. and Canada. “The early bird catches the worm.’ Wewanta few such ads. as Brunn’s (sample below) to start with in this month’s MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD. RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul- ars, papers, samples. ete , through~ out Blackhawk and surrounding counties. say only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN,. Waterloo, Ia. Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June- 90. He began during the summer. That ad. paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept con- constantly busy, employs three men to assist, him. clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a. day distributing circulars at $3.00 per. 1000 for many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone. to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms .may each send you 1000 at the same time, making 1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which you would promptly receive $30, $15 in advance. and, $15 when work is done. Parents make your boys a p'esent. Start them in this growing: business. Begin this neat bus‘ness before some one in your county gets the start of you. “Come inon the ground floor.”’ Instructions. How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad”’. AGENTS HERALD, No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! No matter where you reside: everybody wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c sjamp- and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full, particulars, Which will enable you to commence. work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. j CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-~ mologests, Botanists and Oologists. _Taxid- ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and aquarums. 40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp. Cc. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 400 yarienes or sranps $1.00 Duplicates can be returned. AN UNUSUAL OFFER Wo S. GRAND 827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL. Cutalogue for stamp. THE OOLOGIST. 15 A New Beam or Siiding Caliper For Outside and Inside Measurements. For Naturalists, O5logists, Taxidermists, Mineralogists, Drawing Schools, &e. Fraduated into 64ths of an inc’ on one side, and 100ths on the other PRIGHKS. Length of Jaws. 4 inch—Pocket Size op 1 10:inch....... SI POTN ieee NARA OSHA Un Beet NA ema ce Pe nega eae : bine Dewan AMER U KTP ea REDS 3% deg SUP) TU Nn ees! oe BETAS} 0) Sent by mail postpaid to any part of the United State on receipt of price. 1 These Calipers are made entirely out of Steel, carefully finished throughout, and the end of the jaws and scale hardened. The tightening screw acts in conjunction with a spring slide, so it cannot injure the scale. For Oologist’s use, this new 4ioch Caliper in EXACTLY as good in EVERY PARTICULAR as the $1.50 one. offered in our regular catalogue—In fact, as the jaws are LONGER it is really of GREATER VALUE. ¢ The many uses thas Sllding Calipers can be put to are not as well known as they migbt or should be. among Naturalists or those working to sizes or standards. This is mostly owing. to the hizh prices, for which they have hereto’ore been sold. and in presenting the above style of SLIDING CGALIPRRS to my p. trons, it is the intention to furnish them with an instrument that is Accurate, Reliable, and of convenient and Neat Size. for a Moderate Price, which will bring them in the reach of all. OOLOGISTS will find the 4 inch. or at largest, the 6 inch size the most convenient for their use. As Specimens of all kinds are usually measured in 100th~ inch. The utility of this valuable instrument, can only be appreciated by giving it a trial. Send for one and be convinced. Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N- Y. Scientific American a CAVEATS, TRADE MARKS, | DESICN PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, etc. For information and free Handbook write to MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. Every patent taken out by us is brought before the public by a notice given free of charge in the Scientitic Amevican Largest circulation of any scientific paper iit the world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent man should be without it. Weekly, 83.00 a Year; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CQ., PUBLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York City. STRAWBERRY PLANTS, ASPARAGUS ROOTS, SEED POTATOES. I have choice plants of twentv lead- ing varieties of Strawberries, Tips of the Ohio Raspberry. Extra Fine 2 year old roots of Barr’s Mammoth, Palmetto, and Conover’s Colossal Asparagus and Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes. Will sell at low rates, or will exchang- ed for desirable Eggs, specimens or Books in Natural History. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should he and with ‘Lattin’ must be based on the pric- es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.” 16 -THE OOLOGIST. WORLD’S FAIR SOUVENIRS. How you can get one of the Columbian Half Dollars. The World’s Fair souvenir coins are “going like hot cakes,” and those who want to get one or more of them will have to bestir themselves or they will be too late. The desire for one of these mementos of the Exposition seems to be almost as ubiversal as is the interest in the Exposition itself, and orders for them have been sent in from all parts of the United States and also from for- eign countries On the obverse side of the Colum- bian half dollar appears thehead of Col- umbus, designed from the Lotto por- trait,, and surrounding it the words, “World’s Columbian Exposition, Chica- go, 1892.” On the reverse side appears a caravel, representing Columbus’ flag- ship, and beneath it two hemispheres. Above the caravel will be‘‘United States of America,” and beneath the hemis pheres, “Columbian Half Dollar.” There is no doubt thatthis coin will be regard- ed as the most distinctive and highest pied cheap souvenir of the World’s air All of these souvenir coins, except five, are being sold ata uniform price of one dollar each. For the first coin struck off $10,000 bas already been of- fered, and various prices have been bid for the 400th, 1492d, 1892d and the last coin. Desiring that these souvenirs be distributed as widely as_ possible among the people, and that all irre- spective of locality, have an -equal chance to obtain them, the Exposition authorities have sought to prevent syndicates and others from purchasing large quantities and thus ‘‘conering” the sale. On the contrary, they have arranged to supply banks, business houses and individuals in all parts of the country with as many as they desire to distribute among their patrons, customers or friends They require only that the orders must be for fifty coins, or some multiple of fifty, and that the order be accompanied by the cash, at the rate of one dollar for each coin. Agreat many banks and business firms have gladly complied with these conditions aud ordered each from 50 to 20,000 of the coins. Notwithstanding these conditions have been widely published. still a vast number of inquiries by letter has been received at Exposition headquarters asking how the coins may be obtained. The bet way is to get them throngh loeal hanks, all of which are no doubt willing to accommodate in that way their patrons and the residents of the city or town in which they are doing business. If, however, for any reason it is desired to obtain them otherwise, the proper method is to form a club of subscribers for fifty coins, or some multiple of fifty, and select some one™ member of the clubto send on the order and money and to distribute the coins when received, Orders should be ad-- dressed to A. F. Seeberger, Treasurer W orld’s Columbian Exposition,Chicago. World’s Fair Notes. Ohio will erect a mineral cabin in the Mines building at the World’s Fair to illustrate its mineral resources. The cabin will be-82x61 feet in dimensions and twenty-three feet high and be con- structed entirely of Ohio mineral pro- ducts. The section from one of the big Cali- fornia redwood trees, which the govern- ment will exhibit in its buildings at the World’s Fair, has arrived at the Fair grounds. Eleven freight cars were re- quired to convey it across the continent. It measures thirty feet long by twenty- three feet in diameter. The section is hollowed out and when placed on end, divided into two stories and lighted, as it will be, it will form a rustic house large enough for a family to live in. - Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair. If you have any desire to visit the World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind that the United World’s Fair Excursion Co. is a sound organization, with ample capital to folfil their promises. The company sells tickets on the installment plan, retunding all but first payment if you fail to go, ‘apply to United World’s Fair Exposition Co, °N. Ee Demi 4c Exchange Bde, Boston, Mass. BIRDS EGGS CURIES 2 SHELLS << eo ms TOnCe | K , {.REED, SOR Pho Mainst. WORCESTER . MASS THE OOLOGIST. VOL. X. ' ALBION, N. Y., JAN., 1893. NO. 1 A Field Naturalist’s Outfit As many of the readers of this inter- esting magazine devote a good part of their time to collecting bird’s skins as well as eggs. Tve no doubt what I may here say may be of considerable interest to many of my readers. During ten years experience in the field, as a collector, I’ve handled a large number of specimens, and used in the same length of time several different outtits; but I can truthfully say I have never received so much _ benefit from any of them as the one I now possess. But before describing my outfit I would like to say a few words to the collector in a general way: First of all you will want to secure the specimens on which to use the tools I shall hereafter describe, Should the collector reside in a part of the country where big game, as well as small, abounds he will no doubt like to secure a few specimens of such animals as Deer, Bear, Panther, ete., and if he should have the tuck to meet up with such animals and only have a small *‘collecting gun,’ such as is recom- mended by thé general writer. the chances are the “big bird” (?) makes his escape and leaves you to mourn a trophy worthy months of labor to pre- serve. It istrue some collectors, so situated, carry along a rifle as well as a collecting gun, buta rifle is very de- structive to small game rendering them totally unfit for mounting, and on the other hand the general ‘‘collecting gun” is too small for anything larger than a robin. The question then is, whatis the best gun [can get for collecting both large and small specimens, with- out being loaded down with two guns or haying to carry along a heavy three- barrel combined shot gun and rifle—as I’ve seen some collectors do? This was a question which had bothered me for a long time, till about a year ago I. found just what I wanted in a single shot combined shot gun and rifle. Thad known of such an arm in the Maynard, but it was rather too ex- pensive for me. Looking over a gun catalogue one day, I came across the following de- scription, i. e., ‘““Merwin, Hulbert & Co’s Rifles, with Interchangeable Shot Barrels.” - Now I have it! And the price, Great Scott! only $13.75, At once I sat down and wrote an order for the above gun and in a short time I had it in hand. Ah! what a little beauty. The rifle barrel is 28 inches in length, using the regular 38 calibre Winchester Model 1873 cartridge, which carries 40 grains of powder and 180 grains of lead. The shot barrel is 30 inches in length, using the regular 16 gauye paper or brass shot shells. For penetration or accuracy it equals anything I’ve ever shot. With shells properly loaded I’ve killed, with the shot barrel, birds and animals from the Hummer up to the Red Lynx and Gray Fox. The rifie barrel has great pene- tration when used with regular Win- chesler factory ammunition, which I would always recommend, and when properly used never fails to bring down the Deer and Bear: When out collect- ing I carry in my shooting coat—of many and large pockets—ammunition for both rifle and shot barrels. I near- ly always start out with the shot barrel inthe frame and the rifle barrel ina canvas case slung by astrap over my shoulder. IJ can quickly and_ easily change, by the serew attachment hold- ing the barrel to the stock, from the 18 THE OOLOGIST shot gun to the rifle, and changed from the bird hunter of a few seconds before into a mighty nimrod armed for the fiercest denizens of the woods, The weight of the gun with the shot barrel attached is but 5+ pounds, and with rifle barrel on your back the whole arm does weight. In collecting various speci- mens with thé shot barrel I use the tollowing loads, For Birds (Hummer to Robin)14 dr. powder, 4 oz. dust shot. For Birds (Robin to Grouse, powder, $oz. No. 8 shot For Hawks, Owls, Eagles, Ducks,23 dr. powder 1 oz No. 6 shot. For Rabbits, Crows, Foxes, ete., 8 dr. powder. 1 oz. No. 2 shot. For all game exceeding the Fox in size I use the rifle barrel and find it does splendil work. By following above directions for loading and using two felt wads over the powder and one pasteboard wad over the shot, the col- 24 dr. lector need never have any fear of losing his specimens if he can shoot at all. Parties residing in the west, can ob- tain the ‘“M. H. & Co’s.” Combined Shot Guo and Rifle from the E. C. Meacham’ Arms Co., St. Louis, Mo. Those residing in the east can obtain it of Jno. P. Lovell Arms Co. Boston, Mass., or any first class dealer in sports- mens supplies. To Collectors contemplating pur- chasing an all-around collecting gun I can earnestly recommend the above arm. It is handsomely finished, a strong, safe and hard shooter, and in every way a much desired weapon. Should any of my readers be of the wandering, camp-out style of collector and often get too far away from a house in which to lodge at night he should obtaina good Army Knapsack which should be filled out with the following outfit for camping and collecting, i. e. 2Gray Woolen Blankets(light weight). not exceed 10 pounds in. 1 Army Poucho, or Rubber Blanket, which is a combined blanket, tent and coat. 1 Sharp Hunters Axe, or Hatchet. 1 Tin dish and tin cup; the latter for making coffee in out of which same may be drank. 1 Knife and Fork. 1 Frying pan (smallest size) Matches. And for use in above utensils 3 lbs. flour, ready sifted and mixed with bak-~ ing powder, which with the addition of water is ready for baking in the frying pan, 2 lbs. Fat Bacon. + 1b. Butter. 4 Tablespoontuls ground Coffee. Pepper and Salt, and fora luxury a small quantity of sugar may be taken along. ae The above, with the addition of any game he may kill, will plentifully pro- vision a most hearty eater for a8 days hunt., With an outfit of the above description, proyided of course the hunter is properly clothed, one need never have any fear of the weather, which is such a.liinderance to too many, One can lay out in the stormiest weather of either rain or snow, in summer: or winter, with the addition of a good log fire in a properly selected _ camping place and feel no discomfort. — As to ammunition for a three days tramp, I generally take along 25 rifle cartridges for large game and about 35 shot cartridges loaded: with various sized shot for smaller specimens. After packing all these articles away in your knapsack you will, find you still have room for the following. Skinning outfit: 2 Scalpels, of sizes 1 pair Shears, heavy. Lo) SCISSORS: 1 * Spring Forceps: 1 Brair. Spoon. es 1 Set Chains and Hooks. Needles. and Thread, + tb. Cutton THE OOLOGIST. 19 Wool for making bird’s and small mammal skins. 1 1b. Arsenical Soap (Hard) With the addition of a good hunting knife4 of say 7 inch blade for skin- ning large mammals; and killing them too when too closely quartered by such a “‘varmint” as an old she Bear; an oilstone and oil for sharpening knives and our skin-making outfit is complete enough for all practical purposes Such an outfit as I have here describ- ed will, with gun and everything com plete, weigh about 40 pounds, a weight which any medium sized, healthy man may carry from morn till night without much fatigue. ; A few words in regard to the proper clothing for a collector who contemp- lates spending the long wintry nights in camping out andI am through. My outfit consists of good heavy under- clothing of wool, with heavy overshirt and drawers of the same material; a pair of heavy brown English corduroy pants and vest and a heavy 10 oz. Duck shooting coat with large game pockets. For foot wear I use extra heavy Wool- en Stockings reaching above the knee, and a pair of Land Hunting Shoes, lacing from instep to knee, the legs be- ing made of soft leather and foot of heavy leather, with heavy, well nailed soles. Shoes answering this odescrip- tion can be bought for about $4.00 of Montgomery, Ward & Co., Chicago, Ill.. Shoes of this description are in every Way a most servicable and easy, yet retaining strength and lightness toa remarkable degree. Clothing of above deseription will stand almost any amount of wear and tear and still come out allright. Such an outfit may cost a right good sum in the beginning, but will well repay the collector who pro- vides himself with one like it. The foregoing, from beginning to end, is a faithful description of my outfit as it new lies before me. With it I have spent many delightful days roaming the mountains of the wildest and most picturesque portion of West Virginia, camping out wherever night overtook. me, preparing my specimens by a roar- ing fire ere I enjoy the: soothing pipe. After skinning and packing away the. fruits of the days chase, sometimes not till midnight, with what joy do I he. down on my Blankets and sleep with nothing but the blue sky and twinkling stars overhead for my canopy; and. when again Old ,Sol peeps over the eastern hills 1am up ana away on an- other tramp after the ‘‘beasts of the fields and fowls of theair.” Only those who roam the hills and mountains and fields in quest of such secrets us nature can unfold to them can enjoy w hat is to. others hardships innumerable. Give me this life among the birds and, beasts and I am happy. THAD SURBER White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. te The Golden Swamp Warbler. This name seems very fitting for this. beautiful warbler of which my eastern readers see a little. Dried skins, re- posing in the cabinet drawer, convey very little, if any, idea of their beauty as when seen in a willow swamp. Never had I realized their beauty, un- til I stood holding one in my hand. Although common here for years back, I never studied them. to any extent, in their haunts, until the last two pre- ceding years. Even now, my knowl-. edge of the Prothonotary is limited and IT can only give the results of what few observations I have made. The last few days of April are very sure to bring a few early ‘arrivals, but the bulk of them arrive in the first or second week in May. They are shy and silent, and not at all like they are. two or three weeks hence. You will not find them in the high, dry woods, where the majority of other warblers are found, but go to the bot~ 20 THE OOLOGISY. tomlands. Here, inthe willow. swamps, whereodecayed, water soaked stumps are! scattered. thickly here and there among the willows, you will make the acquaintanee of the Prothonotary. In the breeding season, the usual song of the male bird can be heard from early: morn ‘until dark. » It as very pleasing to the ear and much resembles, ata distanee, the notes ofa Solitary Sandpiper, but a description would be useless. 4 The males are very pugnacious at this season and fierce encounters fre- quently take place. I have often seen two bright little fellows fall into the water, while fightiug in mid air, but dart off in opposite directions like two golden meteors. The great quantities of drift-wood floating inthe stagnant water among the trees, contain myriad of insects up- on which these birds feed. Here, one ean see them, hopping from log to log, feeding on an insect there or pulling some unfortunate spider from a crevice here, and occasionally running up the sides of a stump in the manner of a creeper. The male isa venturesome. little fellow, and, while the female is sitting, explores every nook and crevice in the viciuity, sometimes being quite surprised at meeting one of his tribe in a hole that heis about to enter. I, at one time, saw a male clinging to an old mossy stump and the contrast of eolors was beautiful. Soon after their arrival from the south, mating begins and the two little lovers, after wandering and exploring, select some cavity in a water soaked stump for their domicile. The stump: selected. short one, is generally a and, in nearly all cases, either standing in or projecting over the water. I have found stumps, con- taining nests. on dry ground, but in these cases, the nests being built at high water, which, receding left the stumps high and dry. The heights of the holes and stumps vary from one to fifteen feet, the latter being rare. .The average height is about three feet above the water. pene -.The eavity is filled with materials, gathered close at hand, within two or three inches of the entrance. These materials differ considerably in some nests, but an average nest is built of bark istrips, dried grass, dead leaves and moss.; Some have an addition of fiberous roots, stems and hair, while others Jack the moss. The cavity of the nest is neatly rounded, measuring about two inches in diameter by one and a half in depth. Afew nests out of the ordinary line are worth de- scribing. Probably the most. handsome nest was found in a large, rotten, water soaked cavity, within afew inches of the water. The materials were entire- ly of bright green moss, kept fresh by its damp situation. This nest fillea with its speckled eggs and the golden yellow birds, will long be retained in the memory of the writer. One nest was constructed partly of snake skins. in adeep bowl-like hollow, on the top ofa stump, I found a nest, and also one in an old woodpecker’s hole about twenty feet above the water in a solid . dead tree. Ihave never found a nest in an out building as has been described by some. The egys of this warbler are exquisite. Very little idea can be obtained, from a few eggs, of the vast variation in color, size and shape, The average egg is of a glossy, creamy white, blotched, spotted and speckled with a rich chest. nut red. Some do not show the gloss and generally have only a few shell markings. Others are more of a buff shade, while some are so thickly cover- ed with markings as to completely ob- scure the ground color. Lilac mark- ings are frequent. Some of my finest eggs are clear white, very glossy, and finély speckled with and lilac. i The number constituting a clutch, varies from four to seven, rarely the latter. The first clutch commonly con- sists of five or six; the second of four and sometimes five. I have found in July, clutches of one, two and three incubated eggs, possibly indicating a third laying. q Very little remonstrance is made by the birds when the nest is molested and some do not even venture near. In some places, the birds are found breeding in small colonies, and many nests can be found within a surpris- ingly small area. A friend found a double nest in one of these colonies; chestnut the lower containing seven eggs and the upper five. No. Cowbird’s eggs were in either nest although I have found them in-a few nests. After the breeding season, the birds remain very quiet, and in September, take their departure for tho sunny South. WE. Loucks: Peoria, Ill. 5 aaa eee Bird Nesting in an Illinois Swamp. The Florida Galinule is very common in some parts of this swamp, and I was able to collect a number of fine sets. The hunters of the swamp eall this bird a “‘Red Nose” to distinguish it from the Coot and the bright’ vermilion red of the bill: and frontal shield will readily benoticed in contrast to the lar- ger whitebill of; the Coot with brown frontal shield and brown spots near tip of bill. The nest is formed by bending down the rushes to form a platform and plac- ing a quantity of dry rushes jon the platform thus made until it reaches a height of 2 or 3 inches above the level of the water and will rise and fall with it to a certain extent. THE OOLOGIST. Pt i ‘The nest is always placed'so the birds can swim’ to and ‘from it. The eggs are from 6 to 10 innumber and of a yel- lowish (or sometimes grenish brown) ground color, blotched and spotted with brown of various shades.’ ‘The markings appear to be in the shell in- self, not on it. Six eggs from different sets measure 1.90x1.18— 1.76x1.18— 1.92x1.24— 1.65x 1.18—1.73x1.23—1.61x1.23. The ‘Cluck cluck” of the King Rail or Stage Driver, from its cal], could be heard at any time but very few nests were to be found. ‘The ability of these birds to keep out of sight was amazing and it took tive men and two dogs to flush my first one. Their nests are made in a clump of grass and are composed of fine grass and a few rushes, From their location I coneluded that the heavy rains had flooded most of the nests, which ac- counted for my not finding more. The eggs are from 6 to 12 in number and are from a dull white to a creamy yellow in color spotted with reddish brown, many of the marks being’ so deep in the shell as to give the appear- ance of having been washed partly out: Five eggs measure 1.66x1:21— 1.57x 1.18—1.71x1.22—1 67x1-24—1 O8x1.24. The American Coot breeds quite plentifully in some parts of this marsh, laying from 6 to 10 eggs. Its nest cannot be distinguished from that of the Florida Galinule so no de- scription is necessary. The eggs, however, are readily distin- guished as they are-of a clayey yellow ground color, finely dotted over the whole surface with black specks. They seem to lay earlier than the Galinule for incubation was ‘well ad- vanced in all the sets I took. Five measure )1:91x1°31-1.92x 1.34—1.90xX1.86—1 .92x1.85—194x1.37. The marsh where IT- collected” is ofa number laving in Henry, and! ad: joining Counties, and'is about 5 Rone CVS -one miles 22 THE OOLOGIST. across and about 38 wide. At the time of my visit it was covered with water about 3 feet deep, and the marsh grass- and rushes were about 3 feet above the water. In the finer marsh grass I saw a number of small nests mostly Marsh Wrens but did not find eggs in any of them. One thing has always puzzled me and that is how a Galinule will call and seem just under one’s feet and still be 80 rods away and at first I was often fooled by them. Several times I heard a call exactly like a turkey hen’s ‘put put” and the sqeaks, squalls, groans and howls coming from the:marsh early in the morning and late at night would give the impression that the birds are not at all happy. Great numbers of Black-crowned Night Herons nest in a ‘‘town” out in the swamp and I was able to get some very fine sets. The shore birds seemed to be entirely wanting. I only saw a few Sandpipers on an island in the river. A few ducks nest here yet, and as I saw a few Great Blue Herons I think a careful search wonld reveal a heronry and perhaps some Cormorants in it too. Least Bitterns were very abundant and just beginning to make nests when I was there, but next year I hope to be svith them at the right time. A. C. Murcuison, D. D. 8. ><-~<>—_ ‘BIRDS AS PHTS. One Way of Taming Them. There are very few of us who do not admire pets of some sort. We orni- thologists take birds as ours. When we go out collecting, our note book is always with us (or should be)—and as we sit down under some tree probably for a rest, we cannot help but study the habits of the feathered beauties as they come down close beside us. Here you will find that by dotting down the hab- its of the different species that it will interest you and will prove to you in the futute for reference and pass time. Too much can not be said in regard to the note book. There is always plenty to write down—note the food and local- ity—different birds select,—all of which will be of use to you in collecting at another time. It was in this way that I began to designate the birds that would make the best pets, and now, no matter where I: am I can’t help but observe any bird that may be in sight, and it seems that of late years the birds are tamer than they used tobe, giving mea finer opprotunity to study them closely, but on the other hand it may be that in studying them in this way they have come to my notice more. A few notes on the subject might be of interest. While out walking this spring I came across a flock of Pine Siskins feeding on dandelion seeds. [I walked among them slowly, and much to my surprise, I stood no farther than four feet from some of them, and they kept on eat- ing, oceasionally stopping to look at their visitor. About the same time a pair of Evening Grosbeaks were eating last fall maple seeds close by the edge of a walk; I stopped as I was passing, they went off a few feet farther but gradually came back and resumed eat- ing as if no one was present. A pair of Green-backed Goldfinches nested near our residence and I could see they were becoming tamer as I watched them from day to day. One afternoon while standing by a bunch of dandelions, the female flew right down at my feet and began to eat. It remained there for some time before leaving. I can safely say I tamed some Violet- green Swallows this season. A male and two females nested in a poultry coop in our yard. I would spare an hour each day by sitting on the back THE OOLOGIST. 23 porch, and as the birds would fly by I blew feathers into the air, which they would catch as well as our best ball players. I kept this up for some time, then tried to hand them feathers from a Slender stick some two feet long. The birds were rather timid in taking them, but were not long until they would walk quite a ways on the top of a wire fence for the feathers. I would then break a portion of the stick off and repeat until finally they would take feathers from my hand. If I would imitate their note when they weren’t around and they could hear me they would immediately fly down by me. I found in studying their habits that the females were the tamer. There is no mistake about the two females nest- ing together as they were closely ob- served and then too, two sets of eggs were laid in the nest, one of seven and the other of six eggs. I will look for the trio to come back next year. Now I would like to know if the male bird was from Utah. CLYDE L. KELLER, Salem, Oregon. >< The Ornithologist s Association. The Ornithologist’s Association met at Washington, Noy. 22, for organiza- tion, the summer vacation business, etc., having prevented the meeting at the regular time. The officers chosen were, President J. H. Langille, Vice- president A. B. Farnham, Recording Secretary and Treasurer Blanchard Mil- ler, Corresponding Secretary W.R. Harr The next meeting will be on the 4th of January, 1893 when we will hope to hear from the corresponding members con- cerning the findings in respect to the Crow family and their relatives. WALTER Rk. Harr, Cor. Sec., Forest Glen, Monthy Co., Md. Orange, N. J. _ was NOVEMBER CONTEST. Sixty-Five Judges. Prize winners and credits received by each were as follows: 1. Octeology for Amateurs. 207. 2, Fringillidatin Newton, Mass. 194 3. Some Trips forHawks Eggs. 198. 4. Buzzard Island. 192. 5. The Chestnut-collared Longspur. —78: We also awarded a6th prize to “Winter Visitors” which received 74 eredits Seventeen Judges named the win- ning articles—None their exact order. The Judges prizes were awarded as follows:— 1. No. 86—C: R. Marion, Lancaster, Beis I, Bok ah o. 2. No. 8—W. F. Mountain, er BP i 3. No. 10—H.L. Vandegrift, Ambler lege Oia BiG. 4. No. 24—H. F. Beaumont, Nash- ville, Tenn. 2,1, 4, 3, 5. 5. No. 22—Clarence Luther, etteville, Ark. 2, 4, 3, 1, 5. East Fay- The Osprey in Florida and Other Notes. In the spring of the present year I had the good fortune to be with a sur- vey party, which spent three months in the wilds of the east part of the State, And although I was very busy, had an excellent opportunity .to watch the birds, but particularly the Osprey. That grand bird whose beautiful flight and shrill scream, as he waves high in the air, thrills every move, and who, who watches these noble birds ean help but love the beautiful and in- teresting family. It was about the first of May that I traveling down through those dreary flatwoods by mule teams, and ever and anon the scream of the Fish Hawk would reach my ears. A sharp glance around tree tops would soon re- veal their huge domicile, a dead tree 24. "THE OOLOGISY. which had dropped nearly all its limbs seemed to be the favorite perch for the nest. Most of the nests were merely saddled on onelimb,up close to the body of the tree,and they ranged in size from two feet in diameter to huge piles of sticks as large as those of the Bald Eagle. In a distance of about 50 miles 1 found 30 nests, which was a good many as I went ina straight line south and ran across these right in my path. ‘The nests were always situated near a strip of marsh or a pond. All the nests had young at this time and from their size I think they, the nests, must have contained eggs by the first of April or middle of March. What surprised me was to find these birds building so far inland, away from even any large body of fresh water. But this section is not only represented by the Osprey, for the Raptores are well distributed through several species, and, strangely, very few of any other varieties of birds. It was on this trip that I obtained my first set of Meadow Lark anda set of what I firmly believe is the Cuban Mavr- tin. Itook aset of. this last from an old woodpecker’s hole in a dead pal- metto stub about ten feet up. The eggs were three in number, pure white and were laid on rotten chips at bottom of hole; the Martins are very abundant in that section and seem to nest almost exclusively in dead palmetto stubs. My set of Meadow Lark’s eggs was found accidently :-by my mule nearly stepping on the nest. It was a beauti- ful marked set of four freshseggs. It was in thissame strip of desolate marsh country that I found my first nest of the Pileated Woodpecker, the hole was dugin an old palmetto stub only five and one-half feet frem the ground and contained three full fledged young,’ I eame very ear having one of my eyes picked ont by one, of the greedy youngsters as [stood staring into the hole. Ow onr return to the banks :of the Indian River we camped for three weeks and we improved our time by more extensive tramps, my ecompan- ions went fishing. while I and a young man who was pressed into service hunted the reedy bog for Bitterns and Gallinules. This was also the first time my eyes ever saw into a Least Bitterns or Gal- linules nest. We found ten sets of the Least Bit- tern, two of the Florida Gallinule and one of the Purple Gallinule. The Bitterns nests were built about three feet from the water in thick: ¢lus- — ters of rushes, while the Gallinules made w floating nest of dead rushes and made «a beautiful sight. The sets ranged from 5 to 8 per nest and were nearly incubated at this time. I tooka good many other notes, but will leave them for some other time. ; | WILLARD ELror, Tampa, Fla. eee ‘Notes From Isabella Co., Mich. Last spring my time was so much occupied by getting properly settled and at work in this new place that the collecting season was about over be- fore I could pay much ettention to Or- nithology or Odlogy. However during my daily labors, my eyes and ears were ever open to the sights and sounds of pird life in this wild, beautiful. and wierd locality. At times when weary and tired of toiling to supply the wants of myself and family. I have been cheered to new vigor by the thrilling songs of our feathered friends who seem neyer to despair under any circumstances, and when seeing daily the parent birds in- dustriously gleaniag food for their young I have been led to refleet that the God of Nature who so bountifully provides for. his feathered creatures has not neglected to provide as abund- antly for man the materials and op- portunities whereby he may provide _ for himself. On May 3d while working in the woods I noticed a Hairy: Woodpecker pluming herself and while watching her she flew about 70 yards and alight- ed upon an Ash tree ina swamp. ‘The tree referred to was broken off at the heighth of about 50 feet and was dead for a few feet lower. In the dead por- tion were several Woodpecker holes, all old excepting one, below which my bird alighted’ and after scanning the vicinity very closely for some time she entered her nest.. Upon examination I found her eggs to be four in number and perfectly fresh. A short distance from this find I flushed a La. Water Thrush from the roots of an upturned tree and there in plain view was her nest among roots, about 16 inches above water and containing six lovely fresh eggs On May Sth while felling hemlock stubs ina pasture J noticed several Robins making an unusual outcry and upon approaching a clump of bushes where they were a Saw Whet Owl flew away a short distance and desiring a specimen I cautiously approached it and was successful in killing it with a pole. Limmediately noticed that it was a female and had been incubating. Just then I] remembered that when a certain very dry, crumbly, rotten top- ped stub was felled that a cloud of dust and some bits of down arose and float- ed away in the air from the top of it. The thought of discovering broken eges made me heart-sick, but instead. six young Owls were excavated from the ruins of what had been at a remote time the nestivg place of a Flicker. The young varied in size frem a little downy fellow to one larger than their parent and no two were the same size but were a perfect graduation. — All had been covered with cream colored dowu and brown feathers had started THE OOLOGIST. 25 on the large ones. So brown were the feathers and so large one of the young that at first I thought them to be Sereech Owls, but the nest was proof of the species, for amongst bird feath- ers, mouse hair and cast up pellets, the feathers of the old Saw Whet Owls predominated. I regret very much that all the young had been killed by the falling of the tree. for I would. like to have caged and tamed them. Evening Grosbeaks were very com- mon here iast winter:and I heard the loud notes of afew individuals as late as the middle of May. Hermit Thrushes are an abundant summer resident, The only nest of this species observed was discovered while I was. picking huckleberries. The eggs were four in number and closely resemblefl those of Wilson’s Thrush, as did also the nest, which was placed amongst bog moss and well hid- den-by bushes of the huckleberry. The date of this find was about the last of July. On August 5th I took pails and start- ed out to hunt wild berries aad after few hours’ tramp discovered a marsh that no human berry pickers had med- dled with. Before my @elighted gaze were thousands of quarts of -huckle- berries of the largest size*and nearl, all ripe. Such a beautiful sight. The bushes about one foot high and laden with bunches of berries so, large that they resembled sprigs of grapes. I filled my dishes in a few minutes and took a stroll through the marsh. [ could not walk without crnshing the ripe fruit by the quart. pair of Marsh Hawks and_ searched in vain for their nest. The shrubbery and trees surrounding the marsh re- I observed a sounded with noises of birds which surely were eujoying life to its fullest extent. The fruit-eating birds of this locality are, during the summer abund- antly supplied with wild fruit, such as strawberries, rec and black rasv ber- 26 THE OOLOGIST. ries, dewberries, blackberries, cran- berries, wild grapes and berries of the wintergreen. Thus has naiure in this locality supplied the fowls of the air with a variety of fruits the year round, and so lavish is the supply that last season many thousand bushels of wild fruit rotted where they grew. JoHN A. MORDEN, Sherman City, Mich. >< The Birds Which Breed in Central Park New York City. Few people have any idea of the num- ber of birds which breed annually in Central Park New York City. The park is a stretch of land two and one-half miles Jong by one-half mile wide and is in the heart of the great city. In the spring it serves as a rest- ing place for thousands of our birds on their migrations northward and in the fall on their return southward. Early in the morning numbers of our feathered songsters may be heard warb- ling in the trees and bushes of this beautiful park, but they are fast de- creasing in numbers each year and the time will come when in our early walks we will not be gladdened by their beau- tiful songs. The first nest which I found in the park was that of a Song Sparrow Mel- ospiza fasctata). ‘The nest was compos- ed of grass lined with horse hair and was placed in the tall grass near a path- way and was found quite by accident. T was walking along when I heard the note of a Cowbird (Molothrus ater) coming from the tall grass near by, Stepping into the grass I flushed the Cowbird, which flew up from the grass a Short distance ahead of me, going over to the place I found the nest of a Song Sparrow containing four eggs. The eggs were greenish white thickly spotted with specks of reddish brown and average .78 by .57 inches. On the same day (Muy 4) I found an- other nest of the Song Sparrow which was built in a low bush abont eight in- ‘ches from the ground, the nest was an old one built the previous year, it con- tained three eggs, size .77 by .58 inches. The next nest was that of a pair of Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis). The nest was placed ina low bush, it was composed of twigs, leaves and vines and was lined with finer materials, it contained four eggs of a dull greenish white, with numerous spots of brown- ish olive, size .§9 by .74 inches. I found a nest of the Prairie Warbler (Dendroica discolor) which contained three eggs. The nest was composed of vegetable fibres and grass, and was closely woven making a very neat and close structure. It was in a thick bush about two and one-half feet from the ground. The eggs averaged .63 by .47. They were pure white with specks of reddish brown. It was found May 80th The Robins (Merula migratoria) are by far the most abundant breeders in the park. I have found a large number of nests, nearly all of which contained eggs. The nests and eggs are to well known to need description. . The Yellow-billed and Cuckoos have been known to Black-billed breed here also Yellow Warblers, Thrushes, Brown Thrashers, Red-eyed and White- eyed Vireos and many other birds and of course the ever present English Sparrow. A number of years ago on the side of the lake among the thick reeds, before they were cut, a pair of Herons used to breed, but that time is now gone never to return. R. C. WOODHOUSE, New York City: is the publication number of this OoLoGetsT, and it was mailed to subseribers Jan. 7. QT THE OOLOGIST. 27 THE OOLocIsT, A Monthly Magazine Devoted to OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. Editor and Publisher. Correspondence and items of interest to the student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited from all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Single Subscription - - 50c per annum Sample Copies - - = - - 5c eacn. 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SPECIAL Raves, for advertisements continued Three months or more, per line..........00--- 15¢ $ix months or more, per line........ dovoodno 1236¢ Twelve months or more, per line...........66- 10¢ For advertisements occupying any one issue One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 1246¢ One page (168 lines) or more. per line.......... 10¢ Cash must accompany all ordezs. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. *,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries for publication should be forwarded as early in the month as possible. ————SSSSSSSSS————————_ ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. ee Two Warblers. Only four or five of the Warblers breed around here, and none are at all common, but by careful hunting one will see a good deal of some of them. The two that I propose to say a little about are the Prairie and the Parula Warblers, with which I have had some- thing to do, but I have not been nearly so intimate with themas I would like to have been. First, the Parula. My first acquaintance with the pretty little bird and its nest was made in the Spring of 1887, I think. I was hunting nests in some woods about a mile be- low the city and was watching one of my very intimate little friends, a Blue- gray Gnatcatcher, whom I suspected of being engaged in building. The Blue- gray was ina hickory, when all of a sudden, a small bird crossed my vision with something in its mouth, and to my surprise, disappeared in a festoon of Spanish moss, with which the tree was decorated. In all my experience (which was very limited, by the way) I had never seen a nest in hanging moss before, and could not imagine what kind of bird it was. When I went home I con- sulted an older friend of mine,- and from my voluminous description of the bird, partly relieved my excitement by deciding that in could only have been one of the very rare‘‘Purple-back- ed Blue-throated Green Wobblers,”and immediately persuaded me to trade it to him. I went back some time afterwards and, after quite an amount of trouble got the nest and three eggs, which we found out were those of the Parula Wanbler, on consulting authorities a little more experienced than my afore- mentioned friend. Such was my first meeting with the Parula Warbler and I have only found one more nest of the species since. That was found in a small oak tree not over thirty feet distaut from the hick- ory and was in a much larger piece of moss. Ifound it by seeing the dark spots in the moss, and was much pleas- ed to find four very prettily marked eggs in it. I found this nest in 1891, and the previous year’s nest was in the same bunch of moss about six inches above the new one. A friend of mine has found seyeral nests and all of his were in moss, too, so I do not vibe ‘they build anywhere else.’ ‘ The nest is composed of very fine grass and vegetable down and is lined with fine grasses and horse-hair, the whole structure being woven in the moss at the bottom and sides, and is about the size and shape of:a- Field Sparrow’s nest. The bird seems to ‘en- ter by only one hole and that is situated in the side of the moss, just abov e: ine rim ‘of the nest. The eggs are of avery delicate flesh color, spotted with light reddish and are of a very fine texture, with a pol- ished look. I do not know much of their hebits, as they spend most of their time in tall trees from the tops of which you ¢an hear their’sweet little song every now and then. Now, a few words about the Pr airie Warbler. This bird ismuch more sociable than thé former one and is quite often seen. Their favorite haunts are woods that have been burnt over and have grown up with scrub oaks and thick under- brush. Here, they are at home and flit around eatehing their dinners or sit on the the top of the tallest tice con- veniently near their nests and sing. His, is a peculiar song, but very: pleas- ing to the ear.. It consists of about six or seven syllables on an ascending’ key, and, with all due respect, somewhat re- sembles the cry of a young Turkey. Although I have hunted their: nests a great deal, I have never collected set of eggs from a nest of my own. ‘I I have found nests, but they were all either old ones, or new ones that: the birds did not complete. On the con- trary, I have a friend who ean find this Warbler’s nest more easily than the nest of much commoner birds. ‘He gen- erally finds three or four of their nests a year, collecting sets from about onie- third. This year he found a nest in a‘ dog- 28 THE OOOLGIST wood tree about five feet up, composed entirely on the outside of white cotton or wool and lined with fine grasses and horse-hair. The nest was equalled by the eggs, though, as he got the only set of five eggs out of it that was ever heard of round here, three being the usual complement, sometimes four. However, the nicest part of the whole. affair was—he gave the set to me. If found on looking the matter up, that sets of five were not uncommon. Their nests are very dainty little structures, compactly built, and rang~ ing from two to ten feet from the ground, usually about four. . They are generally composed of everlasting, fine grasses, weed stems, cotton, spider- webs, etc., and lined with fine grasses and horse- hair. The eggs are of a creamy back-ground with purplish markings and dots on them, generally thickest around the larger end. : 3 A.R. HEYWBRD, JR: Columbia, S. C. joe A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs. THos. A. SMITHWICK. 32. Field Sparrow. 563 “set d.\' Weayerville. N.” C.,, May, a0) 1891. Nest in buneh of grass, compos- ed of weed stalks and grasses. 4 eggs, incubetion begun, 64x.52, O0x20 OS Oe 48, .61x.50. ¢ 33. Lowhee. 587. Set. a.. Weaverville, .N.. C= 2Meyasts 1892. Nest on ground, of grasses and Shapes ine bark. 4 fresh egos, .92x.72, ED Axara 0 Maxey ene) Xoo set b. Weaverville. N. C.: May ay, 1891. Nest on ground undex pine bush. 3 eggs, incubation well along, 1.00x. it, 98x. 70, .9%x.71. 34. Cardinal. Bor Set a. Raleigh, , May 31; 189%. Nest 4ft. high, in ae ‘of Ww eed. stems and reed leay es, Hen with grass. 2 imesh eoos 96x. (le 9pxie! Ox mae Set b. W alke, N. C., April 30, 1892. Nest of weed and, vine stems, dry leaves, reed l@ayes and grapevine bark, THE OOLOGIST. 29 lined with fine grass stems, 6ft. up in holly bush. 3 fresh eggs, 1.01x.73, 97x 72, 1.00x 73. ‘Set 'c. ‘Bertie Co., N. C, June 27, 1890. Nest 8ft. up in pine bush. 2 eggs, incubation four-tenths, 1-04x.72, BORO. 555 Setd. Raleigh, N.C, May 16, 1890. Nest 4ft. high in briars. 3 eggs, ineub- ation slight, .97x.73: (97.73, .98x.72. Sete. Raleigh, N.C, July 2, 1888. Nest 3ft. high in alder bush.. 3 eggs, jucubation slight, .95x.73, 98.73, ,96x Ay SUR Set fi Asheville, N. C. on French Broad River, April 8, 1890. Nest of grasses and lined with fine roots, 6ft. high in pine sapling. 38 eggs, incuba- tion Well along, .87x.68, .96x.66, .88%.67. 35. Indigo Bunting. 528. eae wwWialke N= Oe vaiine le atsgil: Nest of leaves. reed shucks. weed stems, ete., lined with fine grass. placed in forks of small oak bush 2 ft. up. 3% eggs, small embryos, .70x.49, .72x.52, 70X92. Set b. Raleigh, N C, June 18, 1890. Nest 6 ft. high in small ironwood. 3 eggs, incubaeion slight, .69x.53, .70x.53 02.04. Set c. ‘Raleigh. N. C., May 21, 1891. Nest 1 ft. high in thorn bush, of dead leaves and weed stems, lined with grass. 3 eggs,incubation slight, .67x.57, .66x.54 .67X.97. Set d. Weaverville, N. C, June 5, 1891. Nest 3 ft. from ground in small bush. 4 eggs, incubation begun, .75x 04, £16.04, .79X.55, .78x58. Sete. Weaverville, N. C., June 25, 1890. Nest of leaves, lined with grass, 18 in. from ground in small bush. 4 eggs, incubation begun, .70xX.53, .73x.55, ~71x.54, .69x.52. 36. Scarlet Tanager. 608. Seta. Craggy Mountain, N. C., June 3, 1891. Nest 25 ft. from ground, and 15 ft. from body of tree. 4 eggs, 1 broken, incubation well along, .86x.64, -92x.60, .89x.60. - 37. Summer Tanager. 610.: Seta. Sans. Souci, N. C., May 9, 1891. Nest of weed stems and grass, lined with finer grass, 15 ft. up on hor- izontal limb of oak. 3 fresh eggs, .89x 64, .93x.64, .91x.65. 38. Purple Martin. 611. ‘Seta. Walke, N.C., May 20, 1892. Nest of small sticks and leaves, 12 ft. up in bird box made in side of house. 6 fresh eggs, .98x.72, .99x.72, 1.00x.72; SOX Os Oeil SOA exe ale -set bi: Walke, N. C., May 20, 1892) Nest.in bird box in side of house. 6 eggs. incubatiou slight, .98x.70, .95x.67, .96x.68, .99x.70, .98x.67, .98x.66. 39, Roughwinged Swallow. 617. Seta. Walke, N. C., May 19, 1892. Nest of grasses and dried green leaves, in hole: two feet long in hank over water, (Albemarle Sound), 7 fresh eggs, 47X08, .(OX.08, J1X,02, .02%.52, 74x53) ~74x.52, :72x.52. 40. Red-eyed Vireo. 624. Seta’ Raleigh, N. C., May 31, 1890. Nsst 10 ft. up in fork at end of sweet gum limb. 3 eggs, small soft embyros, .76X.57, .80%.58, .80x.58. .Set b. Walke, N. C., June 4, 1892. Nest of bark, rotten wood, moss and spider webs, Jined with tine grape vine bark, suspended 7 ft. up below forks at end of dogwood limb.” 3 eggs, small emoyros, .80x.57, .79x.56, .79x.56. Setc. Weaverville, N. C., May 30, 1891. Nest in fork of oak bush, 6 ft. from ground. 4 froash eggs, .83x.57, .83xX.06, .84x.59, .8dx 59: Set d. Walke, N.C., May 12, 1891. Nest of strips of bark, spider webs,ete., lined with hair and fine grass, fastened below twigs of small maple 9 ft. from ground. 3fresh eggs, .79x.55, .78x.54 .74x.54. Sete. Raleigh, N.C,. June 4, 1890.. Nest 6 ft. high in sweet gum. 3 fresh eggs, .82x 56, .838x.56, .86x.57. Set f. Raleioh, N.C., June 2, 1890. Nest 9 ft high in sweet gum at end of limb. 38 eggs, medium embyros. .74x.53 POXLOD, al UDO. Set g. Raleigh, N. C., May 19, 1892. Nest 5 ft. high at end of maple limb. 3- fresh eggs, .80x.54, .78x.54, .79x.54. Seth Weaverville, N. C., May 235, 1892: Nest in oak tree 6 ft.from ground. 4 eggs, incubation well along, .78x.09, .S9x.58, .84x.59, .78x.59. 41. Yellow-throated Vireo. 6.8. Set a... Walke, N. C., May 21, 1890. Nest suspended between fork at end of peech. limb, made of cotton, rotten wood, reed leaves, ete , lined with pine needles. 2 fresh eggs, .78x.58, .80x.57. 42; Mountain Solitary Vireo. Set'a.'-Craggy Mountain, N. C., June 3,'1891. Nest in beech tree, 20 ft. up and 15 ft.from body of tree, compos- ed of fibres and lined with fine grass, outside covered with white spider webs and moss. 2 eggs, incubation begun, .82x.58, .80x.55. Set b. Snow Ball Mountain, N. C., 30 THE OOLOGIST. May 29, 1892. Nest in maple tree 15 ft. up and 12 ft. from body of tree. 2 fresh eggs, .86x.59, .84x.58. 43. White-eyed Vireo. 681. Seta. Walke, N.C., June 22, 1891. Nest of bits of green moss, rotten wood and fine strips of bark, lined with fine grass, 8 ft. up suspended beiow limb of a bush. 3 fresh eggs, .71x.55, ».71x.55, .67x,54. 44. Worm-eating Warbler. 639. Seta. Walke, N. C., May 4, 1891. Nest loosely made of leaves and pine straw, lined with hairlike moss, placed in slight depression of the ground, sheltered by a fallen limb covered with leaves, on gently sloping hillside about 6 ft. from small run of water. 5 fresh eggs, .78X.50. .70x.54, .738x.07, .72x.04, 72.50, ' 45. Yellow-throated Warbler. 6638. Seta. Raleigh, N.C., May 5, 1892. Nest on horizontal limb of pine, 35 ft. high. 4 fresh eggs, .67x 52, .68x.51, .68x.52, .68x.51. Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 4, 1891. Nest of grape vine bark, leaf stems, weed leaves, cocoons and other fibres, lined with cattail fluff and some _ hairs, 43 ft. up on horizontal limb of pine. 4 fresh eggs, .68x.48, .70x.51, .68x.49, .68x.50. 46: Pine Warbler. 671. Seta. Walke, N.C., April 29, 1891. Nest of weed stems, pine stems, feath- ers, spider webs and other fibres, lined inside with hair and feathers, placed on horizontal limb of pine about 50 ft. from ground and 5 ft. from body of tree. 4 egos, small, soft embyros, .71x 04, .73x.54, .73xX.58, .72x.53. Set». Raleigh, N. C., April 28, 1891. Nest 31 ft. high on horizontal pine limb. 4 eggs. small, soft embyros, .71x 58, .73x.53, .73x. 53, .72x.538. Sete. Walke, N. C., May 4, 1891. Nest of grapevine bark, spider webs and other fibres, lined with hair and feathers, 35 ft. up on horizontal limb of pine. 4 fresh eggs. .70x.54, .70x.54, .73 XO Os oxen Set d. Raleigh, N. C., April 28, 1890. Nest 39 ft. up near end of horizontal limb of pine. byros, .72x.54, .71x.54, .72x.53, .73x.54. Sete. Raleigh, N.C., May 7. 1890. Nest 64 ft. high in pine. 4 eggs, one broken, medium embyros, .63x.54, .66x 04, .60x.04. 4 eggs, small, soft em- ~ Wanted — Advice. Haying arrived a few weeks ago in Arizona with the prospects of remain- ing during the breeding season, I have very naturally interested myself in the birds, and also in the various old nests. which are to be found in the brush and trees, with a view to getting idevs which would be of use when nesting season begins. Now we are all aware that a number of desirable species in this locality, nest in the giant cactus; such as the Elf Owl, Gila Woodpecker, and Gilded Flicker; and finding all these species more or less abundant here, I made it the object of one of my first excursions to exam- ine these cacti. Well I have seen them in their native wilds, and also plenty of Woodpecker holes of allages. But right here comes the pinch, and the point where I want. advice. How in the name of common sense does: any one ever reach those holes? Probably you all know what a giant cactus is iike; if not imagine a young asparagus stalk magnified abont fifty times, and covered from top to bottom as thick as they can comfor- tably grow with exceedingly sharp, stiff’ and tough spines, each about an ineh long, and you have a fair representa- tion of a giant cactus. Ihave had some of the experience which falls to the lot of an odlogist; have climbed tall trees, and slim trees, and: slippery trees, and rotten trees; sus- pended myself over cliffs, and from the ends of drooping branches at varying distances from the ground; waded in mud and water, and dug in the ground, but I never faced just such a problem as this. ‘vidently climbers are of no use, even should they hold in the soft sub- stance, I think the thorns would pre- clude their use. Even arope does not seem to help the matter, as the crowns of the shafts ofter no hold. True some THE OOLOGIST. 31 of the cacti are branched, but these branches are themselves almost always so high that even if one got into the crotch, he would still have to make a further ascent. Of course it has been done and can be done again; Davie speaks of certain col- _ lectors taking sets of eggs from those cacti, and what I want to know is how they did it. Tf locomotion on a pair of fifteeen foot stilts was practicable on the desert sands of Arizona, obviously the prob- lem woald be solved to perfection, but unhappily it isnot. Now I.want some of those sets this season, and any hints from the readers of this paper would be received with gratitude. H. H. D., Phoenix, Ariz. SS ee You are a Judge. You have been selected to act as one of the Judges article contest, and your decision must be promptly and fairly given. Your degision must be mailed us not later than Feb. 10th. Write on back of w postal card the five articles which yor have decided to be the most valuable, instructive and interesting in this num- ber of O6LOGIST aud mail to us. Num- ber the articles in the order which you think the prizes should be awarded. We also give our Judges tive special prizes, one to each of the tive whose decisions are nearest the final award of prizes and in this month’s competition the Judges whose list of five articles is the nearest the awarded list, we will give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of Eastern North America’’, each of these parts contain in the average, 2 plates and 264 pages strongly bound in heavy manilla covers and at publisher's orig.- nal price are worth at least $5.00. 2d A handsomely bound book “Small Talks about Business.” 3d A collection of 20 common eggs. 4th A collection of 16 good minerals. dth A 50 cent pkg. of Novelties. To each Judge naming the five prize- Winning articles in the exact order and not winning one of the five special ¢ prizes we will give a copy of the ‘‘Stand- ard catalogue of North America birds Eggs.” To each Judge naming the _ prize- wiuning articles but not in their exact in this month’s Prize- order and not winning one of the five special prizes we will give a copy of that elegant new Columbus or World’s Fair Almanac. Address your decision to FrANK H. LATrin, Albion, N. Y. “Our Birds in Their Haunts.”’ My Dear Sir: Please say through the OdLOGIsT that the cause of the great detention of my work, the printing of ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts,’”’ is this: The printers promising to put on it extra hauds and work it off in a hurry, have simply worked it off at their leisure. Mean- while they have gained time by telling me falsehoods, which I have un- wittingly repeated to my subscribers. The work once partly done and largely paid for, it could not well be put into other hands. The printing is now about ~ done, and as the binding is to be done elsewhere, I trust I shall soon have it away. Yours truly, J. H. LANGILLE, Dee. 3, 92: Kensington, Md. LATER. My Dear Friend Lattin: After the greatest efforts I have been able to make continously since last May, I finally got the folded sheets of “Our Birds in their Haunts’? into the hands of the binder last week. I shall hurry the binder alll can. He is a reliable man. I have positively suffered with anxiety over the matier. Can you say anything in the next issue of the O6LC- GIST to explain? Yours most truly J. H. LANGILE, Dee: 22, 1892. Kensington, Md. HAVE YOU RHEUMATISM? Or do you know any friend or neighbor afflicted with any form of Rheumatism; if so send his or her address on a Postal Card to the PARISH CHEMICAL CO., Raisin sNews Rheumatism has been conquered by them and they will prove it to you. It will cost but one cent to in- vestigate this. J3t. ne | THE OOLOGIST. QF PRIZES during 1893 to $300.00 WORTH Will be Piesented The Patrons, Contributors and Readers of ‘THE OOLOGIST. Our prize scheme during 7°92. has proved highly satisfactory to both our- selves and the participants, and we might also add to the readers of the O6LoGis®. ‘Taking these facts into consideration we have decided to not only continue making monthly awards during 793 but to almost, if not quite, treble their value. Each month duving 1893 we shall give five prizes. ‘These prizes are to be awarded to the five best articles ap- pearing in each month's O6LoGIsT. The prizes throughout the year will remain the same, except the first one which will be the winner’s choice from the unawarded articles and publications named in the following list: Coues’ “Key to North American BEV ehS ie ae one ans aie $7 50 Ridgway’s “Manual of North American Birds”. ......... 7 350 Chamberlain’s Nuttal’s Ornithol- ogy” (REN GIR Se Maik ui eiteane 8 00 Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” 7 90 Wilson’s (and Bonaparte’s) Amer- lean Ornithology. 5 oc.) 7 50 Maynard’s: Birds ofKasternNorth America” (text complete). 15 00 Websters “International Diction- ary’’ (Merriam’s latest edi UL OND) SUNN Rare ela nce ie era 10 00 Washington Irving’s Works (10 NOS) Aer ai tnat ICs Je ere era ai 7 90 "Wim. M..Phackeray’s Works, 10 NOISE Rie ee ee tutee 10 00 Chas. Dickens’ W orks, 15 vols... IW 25 Jenk’s ‘‘Comprehensive Commen- tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 sir Walter Seott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 310 worth of Phonographic Books and Publications, An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream Breezericiu wes: A Due-Bill good for$31.40towards a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- ing Rifle ... A Due-Bill good for$33.00 towards a new$45.00AmericanUnion (same as New Home) Sew- : ing Machine...... A Due-Bill good fort15.00towards anew $20 doublecase Odell Ay Peanvwiteie ie we oeeae 15 (6 2nd Prize each month will be a part of “Maynard's Birds of Eastern North worth at publisher's * America® each containing an average of 8 plates and 940 pages strongly bound in strong manilla and cloth and origipal price not far from 97.50. 3d Prize—Brewer's Odlogy” unbound, “North Actretteonen no. plates, original “price about $3.00 4th Prize—Baird's ‘Review of Ameri- ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. dth Prize—Mrs. St John’s‘t Audubon the Naturalist.” $1.00. Each article receiving at least as many eredits as there ave number of Judges and not winning one ot the leading prizes will be awarded a dupli- cate ot the 5th prize. Each article receiving at least one- half as many credits as the number of Judges will be awarded a year’s sub- seription to the OGLOGISsT. ‘New Standard etenge OF North American Birds F-ges COMPILED BY FRANK H. LATTIN, Assisted by Capt. Chas. £. Bendire, J. Parker eos Usg., and Capt. B. F. Goss. It gives the Common and Scientific name of every North American Bird according to the A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives tre A. O. U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the value of eggs of nearly every species, Over one hundred of which never appeared on any print ed list before. It is not a personal catalogue of any one Dealer or Collector. as. there is: not a Collector in the entire World who has or could furnish all the species whose values are given. and there is nota Dealer who. could furnish over from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. The Catalogue is printed on éxtra quality of paper and contains 53 pages, Size 314x514 in. Price 35 cents per copy. 38 copies for $1.00. Taxidermists, Collectors, Everybody Should send two cent stamp to James P. Bab- bitt, 10 Hodges Ave.. Vatunton. Mass., for a san pie of skin tanned withBabbitt’s Glove Kia Tan, the cheapest, quickest and best Tan on the market. A large Catalogue of Naturalists’ Supplies, Tools, Eyes and price list of Stufied Birds and Eggs—2 cents. James P. Babbitt, DEALER, 10 Hedges Ave.. Taunton. Mass. y 20 CS Sf000\Seneeugeceaccuuaes ce Zr Monthly. VOL. X. < OSUGRCCGSS0GGRRGumeEEoEEDDercoGobeCweecUs UeGecoY ob-\eekuuun us 22 é Ake GS 1: “ee, PRESB EEEEES aoe RAC A eye... ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1893. 5 BARTER gang er Se: ? ke < le3 Stat AR 5Oc. per Year. 3 Cf NO. Cis) Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘‘“Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional word. No notice inserted for less than 5vc. Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-balf list rates. “‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted tor ‘**Wants” and “Exchanges” only and according to conditions stated thereon. DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith ‘‘copy”’ for an exchange notice which I would like to have inserted in next issue of the OoLoeisT. Ten- close herewith in payment for same 70c. in Stamps. I find thatan exchange or want no- tice in your magazine always brings more re- lies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. ery truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. “The exchanges have made me $% in cash during 1892” EF. B. WELLS, Grinnell, la. LOOK! 150 Youth’s Companions, Vol. 8 and 9 Copies, Vol. 9 OoLoGisT, for best offer Bird's Eggs, first-class or Curios. R. W. STRICK- LAND, Forestville, N. Y. 32 CAL. revolver. nearly hew, to exchange for minerals or Indian relics. J. T. FITCHETT, Beaver Dam, Wis. FOR EXCHANGE.—!ggs and skins of Kast- ern birds, and 20 numbers of OOLOGIST for eggs insets. W. lL. DUNBAR, care Public Library, Bridgeport, Ct.: * “By advertising in the OOLOGISTI have sold my collection of eggs.” O. H. BRAUGHLER, Santa Rosa, Calif. CASH PAID for; collections of first-class eggs. PROCTOR & CAMPBELL, Box 441, Hanover, N. H. FOR SALE for best offer.—28 different eggs allO. K., worth $9.50, with data. All letters answered. Address RUFUS J. BRISCOH, 1217 Hawthorne, Minneapolis, Minn. NOTICH.—First-class singles of 521. 701, 129, 73, 152, 227. worth $12.UU_for first-class sets with data. Will sell for $9. Will exchange or sell separately. J.W. HITT. 155 B’way, Indiana- pelis Ind. OVER 80 copies of 40 different collectors pa- pers and magazines, including 14 numbers of Swiss Cross and Natures Realm, American Na- turalist, Muoist, American Osprey, ete., for best offer of eggs in sets or bird skins. F. L. BURNS. Berwyn. Penn. RED-Shonldered Hawk. 2 sets of 2 eggs with data anda few fine singles, to exchange for cheap western sets with data. R. C. WOOD- HOUSE, 135 West 93 St., New York City. FOR EXCHANGE.—A set of Cooper's books, worth $5 for sets with data. Singles exchanged for sets with data. J. W. HITT, 155 Broadway, Indianapolis, Ind. FOR EXCHANGE.—E flat cornet in good condition,22 rifle for gun or other desirable. ar- ticles Allanswered. JAMES BE. MALLORY, Baldwin, Kans. NOTICE.—I desire to correspond with every ornithologist in this county with a view of ex- tending our observations. MILLARD VAN WAGNER, Gretna, Duchess County, N. Y. EXCHANGE.—Copies of Scienfific American (also Builders’ Edition of same) and numerous magazines, for first-class sets with data. Wes- tern or southern sets preferred. FRANK H. SHOEMAKER, Hampton, Iowa. LOON and WOOD DUCK wanted in meat State lowest cash or exchange price. FRANK H. LATIN, Albion, N. y. TO EXCHANGE.—A few sets With data to exchange for same, Stamps. Address ALAN lin, Kan, and singles Also a few PARSHALL, Ober- I HAVE for exchange an Adding Machine and Davie’s Key (cloth) for best offer in U. S. or foreign stamps. FRANK E. SMOUSE. Des Moines, Iowa, Box 835. WANTED.—Large Ostrich and Emeu eggs. Also afew skins. Offer tor same pair roller skates. jointed rodaud eggs. CHESTER. IR- VINE. Georgetown, Tex. WANTED.—Sets of eggs, climbers, caliper, Davie’s Nest and Eggs of North American Birds. will give for same singles of eggs, °92’s Youth’s Companion. and over 500 rare foreign and domestic stamps Send your prices and get mine. LEROY KING, 304 Forest, W,. De troit, Mich. 34 ‘THE OOLOGIST NOTICE.—We post bills and distribute cir- culars; send stamped envelope for particulars. GEO. W. VOSBURG, Box 307, Columbus, Wis. TO _EXCHANGE.—50 consecutive numbers American Field (1891) in first-class condit'on, for best offer first-class eggs in sets with data. See eae E, McVITTY, Box 107, Bryn Mawr, a. A COLLECTION of Birds Rez; for exchange. To exchange for post1l stamps. Write for par- ticulars, and send your list of stamps. C. C. RENSHAW, Boyee. Clarke Co.. Va. . TO EXCHANGH.—Western eggs with data also, Singles for telescope, large calibre rifle, climbers or first-class bird skins. EDMUND HELLER, 195 Rubidoux Ave., Riverside, Cal f. WANTED.—A. O. U. No’s. 32 1-1, 125 1-2, 126 1-3, must be first-class with complete data. Will give following first-class singl-s, 4, 74, 140, 203. 337, 387. 388, 390; 501, 580. GHO. J. REED, Berlin, Conn. TO EXCHANGE.—Stamp album and collec- tion. 385 stamps, many rare ones, for sets of 30, 32.77, 80. with data, or best offer, sets with data. FRANK B. EASTMAN, EHaston, Md. FOR EVERY 30 varieties North American Stamps sent me I will give 100 varieties foreign stamps. For every confederate bill 100 mixed stamps. FRANK L. OWENS, Brooklyn, Ia. WOULD LIKE to exchange photos of na:ur- al history subjects for others. also want cheap for cash a 32 cal. Colt’s or Smith & Wesson’s revolver. GEO. G. CANTWELL, 105 Pikes Peak Ave , Colorado Springs, Colo. FOR SALE.—A first-class 4x5 Detective cam- era with time or instantaneous shutter, recess- ed finder. focusing scale, ground glass and double plate holder. Covered with black seal leather and is in splendid condition. Apply to HENRY R. BUCK, Wethersfield, Ct. WANTED.—Birds in the meat, Hawks. Owls, Shrikes, Buntings, Jays,etc. in exchange for7!st class sets With full data. E.B. PECK, 15 Park St., Canandaigua, N. Y. WANTED.—Strictly first-class singles (large eggs preferred), a pair of strapped climbing irons (new) and a 22 Cal. rifle for 10U0 U. S. and foreign postage stamps, value $20. Address R. SANFORD, 17 Cottage street. Rutland, Vt. LOOK! 275 varieties of postage Stamps also 500 mixed. Anda fine lot of ist class single eggs, for a pair of clim»ing irons, books. papers ete. Address JOHN W. INGALLS, Box 1627, Rockford, I/1. TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of mounted Bo- hemiar Waxwings. Skins and mounted Prair- te Horned Larks. skin of Barred Owl, mounted Fox and Gray Squirrels. Wanted, Barn Owls inthe meat. WHIT HARRISON, La Crescent, inn. FOR SALE.—Fine sets Sennett’s Thrasher 1-4 @ 10c..Curve-billed Thrasher 1-4@10e . Great- tailed Grackle 1-4 @ 10c., Golden-fronted Wood- pecker 1-4 @ x0c. Baird’s Woodpecker 1-4 @ 25c. st. Domingo Grebe 1-4 @ 20c., Chachalaca 1-3 @. 25c., American White Pelican 1-2 @ 14e. Orders under $1.00, 5c. extra for postage H. C. HIG- GINS, Cincinnatus, N. Y. MINERALS.—I wish to get acquainted with’ mineral collectors from all parts of the world. I have for sale or exchange some fine mineral specimens. 1 make a specialty of analyzing and naming all kinds of minerals. I have a telescope, scientitic books. and pressed flowers of Montana to exchange for minerals or fossils. Send your lists. W. T. SHAW, Bozeman, Mont. TO EXCHANGE.—Wood's Illustrated Natur~ al History in good condition for best offer of eges in sets. KF. A. PATTON, Drawer 35, Ham-~ ilton, Canada. WANTED.—Correspondence for the purpose of exchange with persons interested in Birds or Eggs or having specimens.especially Atlantic and Pacific coasts, Canada or Gulf States. FLOYD MORSE. Ridgefield, Tl. TO EXCHANGH.—Arrowheads. C.S. A. and state bills, foreign Copper coin-, rebellion tok- ens. etc.. for Indian relics. coins, paper money, back numbers of Ornithologist and Oologist. ERWIN G. WARD, Palmer, Mass. TO EXCHANGE.—I will give $1 worth of U. S. or foreign stamps for every egg val. at 25c, have somevery fine ones. CHARLES ACHY WHITE, 1713 Leavenworth St., Omaha, Neb. FRENCH MOSS.—We have just received a new lot from Germany. Dyed bright green in “bricks” 4x4x6 in. All Taxidermists use it and pay %5 per cent more than we charge. Sample package prepaid only 15 cts., 1 doz. prepaid $1.50. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. i TANNING LIQUID, best made, sample bot- tle sent prepaid for 25c. worth of eggs, regular price $1 per quart. One trial will convince you that itis alli claim it to be. J. KH. HOUSE- MAN, Aylmer. Ont. TO EXCHANGE—Pair of Climbers. set of Taxidermist tools. good books on Ornithology and Oology, Spy Glass and Lacrosse racket. Wanted, first-class eggs in sets and books on ornitholozy and oology. GEO. H. ROGERS, JR.. BP. O. Box 77, Wauwatosa, Wisc. A FEW Foreign and Unit.d States Coins, minerals. ezgs and Botanical specimens to ex- change for eggs and plants. Correspondence desired with Southern collectors. DR. W. H:- ROTZELL, Narberth. Pa. FOR SALE. Studer’s Birds of North Amer- ica. entively new. Cost $145, will sell for $30. Every North American species represented in its natural colors. Euclose stamp for full des- criptioia of this valuable work: EF. W. Mc- CORMACK, care Herald, Florence, Ala. TIN COLLECTING CAN.—8x4 in. with bale and cover, easily carried in the pocket. Filled with cotton you will find it almost indispensible in lowering specimens from tall trees. Sam-~ ple prepaid only lz cts. Larger size 444x4 in. 15 cts. A 50ft. drab line on winder to use with either, 8 cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, ING “HEET PEAT,.—An important article used largely by “Bug Hunters” as a substite for cork. Size 4x12x%, in. Sample sheet se., 12 for 7ac, prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, ae ‘ FOSSILS, arrowheads, shells and curiosities to exchange fur same. GHO. H. DIXON, Wat- ertown, So. Dak , Lock Box 381. THE FOLLOWING eggs in sets (Ridgw. Nos) for others not in my coliection, No’s 22 1-4, 315 1-5, 261a 1-2. 878 1-6, 22 1-2, 241 1-6. 7 1-4, 270 152, 214 1-4, 13 1-3; 12 11-4, 304 1-3..63 1-4, 197 1-8, 1541-2) 214 1-4, EH. S. 1-4. CHARLES A. ELY, Perrinviile, N.- J. THE OOLOGIST. 35. NOTICE.—i have anumber of old coins for sale or exchange. Address W. DELONG, 916 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo. , FOR EXCHANGE.—Several 1st class sets of 219, 6, 77, and 390 (A..O. U. No’s) for best offer in rubber stamps. Send list. H.S. DAY, Fre- mont, Ohio, INDIAN RELICS to exchange for telegraph instrument. Fine war relics to exchange for sets, Indian relics. coins F. L. ENGLEBERT, Nicetown, Phila,, Penn. TO EXCHANGE. Well polished specimens of Mich. and Fla. Woods for first-class sets With data or first Class Indian relics. MORSE HUME, Dearborn, Mich. WANTED.—Used postage stamps of the present “Columbian” Issue. Will give eggs in Singles and sets for same, No postals answer- ed. DR. MARTIN, Wellingto , Kansas, NAPHALINE CAMPHOR MARBLES. A large box of JQ marbles The neatest and hand- iest article ever made. to lay around in Speci- men Trays. Cases and Cibinets. Said to be a sure preventative against Moths and Insects, Price prepaid only 15 cts. FRANK H, LAT- TIN, Albion. N. Y. TO EXCHANGE. - For first-class singles with data. -Part of Maynard’s “Birds of EK. N, Am.” ist MSS. Premium, March, 1892. ERNEST H. SHORT, Chili, N. Y. WANTED.—In the meat or fresh skins of Herons. White Ibis, Hooded “erganser, Blue- Winged Teal. Will give Ist class sets or part cashif necessary, F. M. RICHARDS, Farm- ington, Maine. $150. Rare Sets and singles including Eagles. Hawks Hummers, &.. and a small stock of Calif. curiosities, to exchange for Bi- cycle, Revolvers, Guns, Stamps, ete. Allans’d. C. TURTON, Los Angeles, Cal. TO EXCHANGE.—Four volumes of Youjhs Companion, August °82 to °86. complete un- bound; Pair style No. 2 climbing irons. A 1 con- dition. with straps; Davie’s Key first edition, paper. Will exchange all or part for first-class Sete wait data. F.C. WAITE, Sta. B., Cleve- and, O. FOR SALHE or EXCHANGE.-— Birds Eggs in sets or singles, climbing irons, views of Niaga- ra Falls, (Sum mer and winter) Autoharp, Type- writer. a large Magic Lantern (with views), Air rifle. fine polished and unpolished minerals Indian relics and mocca~ins, for first-class eggs in sets. Parties having same for sale please “send list. Sets of American and Northern Ravens specially desired. H. W. ISAACS, Prospect House, Niagara Falls, N. Y. NOTICE.—Will be pleased to receive orders for the following first-class eggs well identifi- ed. with complete data, insets or singles, to be collected this seaso2. Orders filed in turn and filled ween eggs are received. Payment on shipment, of which notive willbe given. A. O. U.-numbers: 141 @ .20, 144 @ .45, 294 @ .06, 297a @ .35. 800c @ .25. 312 @ .60, 825 @ .45, 360 @ .12. 393c @ .45, 405 @ .60. 413 @ .06, 483 @ .45, 486@1,25, 474g @ 45, 478 @ .60, 499 @ .05, 500 @ .08, 501b @ .06, 530 @ .06. 40b @ .15, 567a @ .380, 58le @ .2, 588b @ .15. 615@ .25, 701 @ .60,719a @ 15. 7zla @ .08. 722a @ .60, 735b @ .20, 748 @ .1d. 758a @ .06, Mongolian Pheasant @ .40. 297a 1-52-7 now on hand. Sent prepaid on receipt of price. WAL- TON MITCHELL, 534, Summit Ave., St. Paul, Minnesota. SCALPELS.—We have a few scalpels worth from 50 to 75c. each, blades are more or less rusty, but not sufficient toinjure for use. Wilh close out at 30c. each, prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. BLOWPIPES.— We have a few dozen blow- ers, all grades from 10 to 25c., that are either imperfect, seconds, or otherwise defective, over one-half of them will work. To close out will send sample for 6c. ; 10 for 50c.; 22 for $1. or 50 for $2. A lprepaid. .FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. BRASS BLOWPIPES. We have just re- ceived a new lot of blowers and offer them at following prices willremove tip for blowing large eggs.if you wish without extra charge. Priceseach: Zin. long 15 Cts.. 8in. 20c., 10im. 25e, 14in 35c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Wo EXCHANGE.—I have a quantity of bird skins. a mounted grey squirrel and woodchuck, a solid lance wood fishing rod, a good reel. one. collecting gun. Will exchange for good rifle, revolver, books on medicine, old swi rds or any implements of war used, in foreign countries. W. R. BIRD, Mason City, lowa. ° EXCHANGE.—Bald Eagle 6-2 3-1. Buzzard 15-2, 3-1, Cooper’s Hawk 2-4 1-2 2-1, American Os- prey 40-3 4-4 15-1, Least Tern 50-1 6-2 5-3, Little Green Heron 2-4, 1-3 2-1, Bob White 1-10, 1-12 1-4 1-14 6-1, King Fisher 2-5 1-3 2-1. Bull-bat 2-2 3-1, Barn Swallow 1-6n 2-4 1-5 1-3, Bank Swallow 1-4 1-5 1-6n. House Wren 1-6. Carolina Wren 1-4, Crow 2-5 2-4 1-3 €-1, Mourning Dove 1-2n 2-1, Flicker 1-7, 1-6, 1-4 81, Grasshopper Sparrow 4-1, Catbird 2-3n’s, Robin 1-3, 1-4, Meadow Lark 1-3 1-4n, Wood Pewee 2-3n’s, Redwing Blackbird 2-3 2-2, Bronze Grackle 1-3 4-1. Phoebe 1-4n. Al} eggs Ist class and data. At % rates, A. O.._U. Cash. F.THEO. MILLER, Lancaster. C.H..Va. FOREIGN STAMPS and PUBLICATIONS. Special price: to close out. 50 var. 6c.; 100 var. 10c.;2 0 var. 40c.; 500 mixed 16c.; 1000 mixed 30c.; 100 finely mined 20c.; 500 finely mined 90c. Philatelists albums, boards and cloth, 96 pages, 2000 spaces. illustrated 24c.; Popular album, for beginners, linen boards, 1200 spaces, €0 pages— illustrated 1Uc. Merchants Flags of the World, per set 20c Portraits of Rulers per set 35c. Cots of arms of the World per set, 35c. Stand- ard Color Chart, per copy. 40c. Scott’s Catalog- ue (52d edition) over 850 pages, fully illustrated 385c. Gummed Hinges, per 1000, &. Blank ap-~ proval sheets, ruled 50 spaces, linen paper, per 10, 8c. Approval sheets each containing 30: var. stamps. 8c. 2d hand International album (6th ed.) with set of Hamburg Locals, 65c. International album ( th edition) 2d hand 65sec. All prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN. Al- bion, N. Y. EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have the following first-class eggs, in original sets with full data (A. O. U. No’s) for exchange, Great Blue Heron 1-3, Black Tern 1-3 1-2, Noddy Tern 1-1, Sooty Tern 1-1, Artic Tern 1-3, ‘\m. Sparrow Hawk 1-4 1-5, Red-tailed Hawk 1-3 1-2, Am. Long-eared Owl 1-5. Barred Owl 1-1 Caracara Eagle 1-2 1-3, Turkey Buzzard 1-3. Black Vulture 1-2, Bobo-~ link 1-3 1-5. Sora Rail 1-6 1-7 1-8, Virginia Rail 1-7 1-9, Am. Coot 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12, Florida Gallinule 1-6 1-8 1-9 1-10. Long-billed Marsh Wren 1-41-5 1-6 1-7, Least Bittern 1-4 1-5 1-6, Yellow-headed Blackbird 1-4 1-51-6.Black Skim-~ mer 1-5, Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5 1-6. Spotted Sand~ piper 1-4 1-5 Bartram’s Sandpiper 1-4. Leaches* Petrel 1-1, Ca tus Wren 1-4 1-5. Cliff Swallow 1-4 1-5 1-6, Bank Swallow 1-4 1-5, Lattin’s list prices as basis of exchange. CHAS. M. ELDREDGE, 314 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago, Ils. “36 THE OOLOGISY MEASURE YOUR NESTS accurately when in the field. For this purpose we have just se- cured alot of A No. 1 pencils for taking notes ~each with a good rubber tip and 12 inch spring tape measure—marked in 4in. on one side and 1-10th meter on the other. ‘The tip and tap2 can be removed and slipped on any pencil. Sample “only 10c.,3 for 26c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- bion, N. Y. “THE AUK.’’—I desire at once Volumes No. -1, I, LV, V, and VI, also No.3 of Vol. VIII and No. 2 ot Vol. IX of “The Auk.” I also desire Nos. 2,3 and 4 of Vol. VIII (1883) of the ‘‘Bul- -jeiin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club.” I will _pay cash or give good exchange. FRANK HI. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. AMERICAN HISTORY.—I desire, at once. “the tollowing books,either new of second-hand, Bancroft’s History of the United States, Ban, ~croft’s History of the formation of the Cousti- ‘tution of the United States, Fiske’s American Revolution, rostingham’s Rise of the Republi ~of the U.S.. or any other Standard Works on American History. I will give in exchange, “Shells, Corals, Indian Relics, Minerals, Birds Eggs or other curiosities. Send discription of what you have to offer and state what you want or the same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. OOLOGISTS WANTED.—I want copies of ~Jan -Feb., 1887 or Dec. 1886 with Jan.-Feb., 1887 attached, and June, 1888 OOLOGISTS. For each copy of the above publications - you willsend me before Mar. Ist I will give a copy of the *‘New Standard Catalogue” or a White Metal Blowpipe or an Embryo Hook or a copy of ‘Insect Collecting” or 25 cents worth ~of 1890-1891 or 1892 OoLOGIsTs. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets, and singles for eggs in sets. Many common sets wanted. ORA W. KNIGHT, No. 157 Hammond Street, Bangor, Maine. WANTED.—Breech loading rifle, Double bar- rel shot gun, Smith & Wesson. Colt or Reming ‘ton. revolver. telescope, field glass, carpenter or painters tools. Will give good exchange in first-class eggs, silverene watch. books, papers, eons; etc. C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, Odin, Hls. J2t Kh NNOUNCEMENT TO COLLECTORS. I take this method of reaching my many pat- _rons, to inform you I have just added to my large stock of BIRDS EGGS and SKINS a fine lot of CORALS, MINERALS, FOSSILS and CURIOSITIES. Ineach Branch I have a fine assortment and those who have dealt with me in the past, know by experience that my prices -are the lowest and stock eqnal to the best. The Corals offerei for sale are mostly fine Bahama Species The Fossils from all over the U. S. quite rare, also others very cheap. The Minerals, include only handsome and de- sirable varieties, those best suited to the Col- lector. The Curiosities are mostly ocean and Florida Some specimens. I shall soon have a stock of SHELLS. I have 100,000 Datas for sale at the iowest prices. : If you have not my February list of eggs, *send ior itat once. Address WALTER F. WEBB, Cherry St., Geneva, N. Y. An Invitation. At the fifth annual election of the Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz Association, held Noy. 20, 1892 the following officers were elected, Pres- ident, Lynds Jones, Oberlin, Ohio; Vice President, C. C. Maxtield, Danbury, Conn.; Secretary. Willard N. Clute, Binghamton, N. Y.; Treasurer, Reuben M. Strong, Oberlin, Ohio. This Chap- ter is rapidly taking its place among the foremost of American ornithologi- cal societies. By a system of co-opera- tive correspondence the members are able to accomplish much more than would be possible if workingalone. In four years the membership has grown to one hundred and fifty, about equally divided into Active aud Associate class- es. The Active members have entire control of the Chapter. - A new consti- tution has been recently adopted and the new methods it embodies puts the Chapter on a sound working basis and will enable it to make a much greater growth. In 1893 it isexpected to award several prizes to the members making the best progress in Ornithology. The Chapter also provides for the publiea- tion of allreports made by the members. In order to accomplish the best re- sults, the Chapter desires to have the name of every American ornithologist on its roll of membership, and all read- ers of the O6LOGIST who wish to join are requested to address the President or Secretary. A copy of the new con- stitution and other matter explaining the Chapter will be sent to all who ap- ply for it. Everyone who wishes to ad- vance American ornithology should be in this Chapter. The next election of members occurs in March. STRAWBERRY PLANTS, ASPARAGUS ROOTS, SEED POTATOES. I have choice plants of twenty Jead- ingvarieties of Strawberries, Tips of the Ohio Raspberry. Extra Fine 2 year old roots of Bar1r’s Mammoth, Palmetto, and Conover’s Colossal Asparagus and Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes. Will sell at low rates, or will exchang- ed for desirable Eggs, specimens or Books in Natural History. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. 3t- Our Annual Offer We quote the following Liberal Offers until March 1st, ON EGGS OF THE FOLLOWING SPECIES. Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added ior postage and packing. For $1.00 you can select Eggs Ss to the amount Ot G51) oO) 2.00 3.50 SOO (hrs ns : 6.00 an OO putt Sa tk is 11.25 se 10. OO te oo 6 .. 25.00 This offer will hold good until March 1st andis doubtless the only chance t) obtain ezzs af so low a rate of us during 1893. All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser’s risk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’s expense by express. SECOND-CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of a first-class one. Parties ordering second-class Eggs must name a list of extra Eggs to be nsed as substitutes. SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceded by *. A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap erg, not fouud in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times as much. Many wide- awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large supply for this purpose. I might add that if your collections are in need of any species included in offer, an opportunity to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again. Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y. *American EHared Grebe..$ 15 Wilson’s Phalarope........... (Oma EN CK CT ere ore ees Sareea 03 *St. Domingo Grebe........ . 50 *European Snipe. : 25 Red-shafted Flicker... 10 *Pjied-billed Grebe..... -..... 10 *Bartramian Sandpiper... Sy 0 INGA NNER ee 40 VECO Eres eee tee EE - 20 *Spotted Sandpiper... 15 Texan Nighthawk... 40 *California Murre.............. Oar GUT Wray) cena rk ck eerste eee Chimney Swift 0 12 SUD IBY 5 ely eae ee eee eee . 50 *Lapwing : *Ruby-throated ee Parasitic Jaeger':.-:-.2--: 50 *Killdeer....... 2 birdma DEM eran Peas ioen 50. Tefen ey Gru esse eee 20 Bob-white Costa’s Hummingbird....... 75 American Herring Gull.. 20 *Florida Bob-white : Anna’s Hummingbird _.___. 50 IMG We Gye eee ho 25 Texan Bob-white Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10 Pranklin’s Gull.......-....:.-..- 35 Chestnut bellied Scaled JECT ONO NOR Ol 2 Oe 03 LO Vallee nits re a me 40 HAIG SI Cl Caen eee 85 Arkansas Kingbird............ 06 G@apoyswMhern pee. cee 40 California Partridge......... 10. Crested Flycatcher a Aa eat 12 MOLSheTAS NCNM piece cesses 10| Walley Partridge............... PADS yl Nao DOES eee co peste pie OM CommonwT ern OS ec Rimteds Gr OuSele se eee ld) —Say/s Bhoebe =.= fenton a Arctic Tero........ BaP ayaa 10 Willow Ftarmigan ___. ICO ~ eileKelke THC 15 GAS PROGINS feo pe ee 08 Rock Ptarmigan .__......... 100 Wood Pewee _. mS, PSO OU ye GR Mite eee ene encane Come Ola chailalcapee= es eee 7 Western Wood Pewee ..... 20 HBridled bern i es. 100 *White-crowned Pigeon... 100 Western Flycatcher....... . “0 slack Mern) mney sesso y Tes UO) > SWiloyetreranirayes IDYon ae eee cas 038 Acadian Fiycatcher 15 PONTO GC Oiyaees 2252s 50 *White-winged Dove......... RU aaitblesly Can Chemi fens Ob BORD chiapas ae eet eter 75 Mexican Ground Dove ..... 5) ~ Trail’s Flycatcher!.........- 15 Stormy Petrel __.. FOPNCoopernis) Hawke 2-5 es== 30 Prairie Horned Lark 1b *Yellow-billed Tr opie ‘Bird 250 Red-tailed Hawk 50 Desert Horned Lark ......... 20. PUES OO Vere tote tee ea 175 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 35, Texan Horned Lark....... 30 Ganmnete. =... 30 6Pla. R-d-sh’ld’d Hawk... 7 American Magpie ............. 15 Cormorant 50 *American Sparrow Hawk 20 Yellow-billed Magpie Bi eae 35 *Double-crested Cormornt 25 *American Osprey ...... DOM RSS eR aiyeee ee = aire eEhanan, O4 *American White Pelican. 385 American Long-eared Owl 35 Florida Blue Cee N72 gues 4G oe 25. *Man-o’-war Bird............... i (GO) SxeHEg ln Owl esse ee 50) California; diay. 2-2 ss 20 American Merganser ..150 Florida Screech Owl......... DOM Americans Crowe 05 Red-breasted Merganser... 7 Texan Screech Owl ........ . DOM eH onidal Grows ee 35 Huropean Meal. -- 22... a 206 Calitorniai Screech Owl ga 50m.) HiShi Crowes. eee 35 Green-winged Teal............ 50 Great Horned Owl ............ I Ws eASira weaver oe a SAe@ *Blue winged Teal..._....__... 30) iB ObAReN Abas Ohwillocnacosece | UB) Cloned 03. Canwas-backwa eee 125 Groove-billed Ani ...-.2.... WE (Oa) ID Niven (OXo\osbatol Les 10 Barrow’s Golden-eye ........ 100 *Yellow-billed Cuckoo _.... 15 . Red-eyed Cowbird.............. 40 EUUL CLO UL Cae ses nee ene ee 35 Black-billed Cuckoo... 15 *Yellow-headed Blackbird 03 American Flamingo ......... 100 Belted Kingfisher... 20 *Red-winged Blackbird ..... 02 American Bittern 75 Hairy Woodpecker........ .. 50 *Bicolored Blackbird ........ 10. *Measueibterne.- == 20 (SouthernHairy “> 22 100 *TricOlored Blackbird....... 15 Great Blue Heron.............. 25 Harris's Woodpecker ..... 75 *Meadowlark ........ .........- 10 LeKeOl Gis aV 1 DfeA Rey ote c een aemsae ne 35 Downy Woodpecker ......... 20 *Western Meadowlark...... 10 Little Blue Heron........ ._... 12 Gairdner’s Woodpecker. DOD *Orchardi@riole) een) = 06 GreenvEleroniy yeas ee 12 Red-cockaded Woodpecker 1 50 *Baltimore Oriole — 06 *B’k-crowned NightHeron 12 *Baird’s Woodpecker ....... 100 *Bullock,s Oriole... ...... 10 =| ahinay oahae yes ea keer eeereee Le 7 Red-headed Woodpecker... 08 *Brewe2’s Blackbird ......... 03 \Witrestnanigy Lave Wiles es sees con - 20 Californian Woodpecker... 40 Purple Grackle ............. 05 Sora .. wens 10 Lewis’s Woodpecker eee 35 Hloridia: Grackles s 2 =) 10 *Plorida Gallinule _ 10 Red-bellied Wooipecker.. 25 *Bronzed Grackle.._..... 05 *American Coot ............. _.. 08 Golden-fronted Woodpec’r 50 Great-tailed Grackle..... 15. 38 Boat-tailed Grackle......... ; *House Finch TRASH OOM 2 oossesbmene see cocbecsnes *American Goldfinch ...-.... Western Goldffnch ........... *Arkansas Goldfinch. ....... Lawrence’s Goldfinch........ Ch’stn’t-collaredLongspur Vesper Sparrow ..........------- Western Vesper Sparrow.. Oregon Vesper Sparrow... Savanna Sparrow........----- Grasshopper Sparrow ....-. W, Grasshopper Sparrow... Lark SURMECOW casas =so- sodas Western Lark Sparrow... *Gambel’s Sparrow Chipping Sparrow ...- Field Sparrow....------- Slate-colored Junco.... Black-throated Sparr ow... Song Sparrow... tes Desert Song Sparrow. Silesian Heermann’s SongSparrow Samuel’s Song Sparrow... Swamp Sparrow Sees ls TNO WAC CY ee sree reeeennee Spurred Towhee ...- ib Oregon Towhee California Towhee YOR WHS HUAN Fees tate Bec An! Mecca Or Cima meeesere en ene *Rosebreasted Grosbeak... *Black-headed Grosbeak... BlwerGROsbealken asses Western Blue Grosbeak ... Indigo Bumtimg..--...---.---.. IGewAwIn Leb bay baer ees s ae Painted Bunting Dickcissel Lark Bunting Scarlet Tanager. -.--2s..--. Summer Tanager Purple Martine =-....------ OM fh Swallow cesses Barn’ Swiallow 222 e Tree Swallow ...--------.-:---.-- *Bank Swallow....-. lee Cedar Maxis peta ea : SAI 2 NolrzinbyaVoy OVS ORY = Soe eee Loggerhead Shrike ..... _... White- rumped, Shrike... California Shrike... Red-eyed Vireo.......- Warbling Vireo ... See Yellow-throated Vireo. White-eyed Vireo .. a Be IRSAVAIRE Oe xeeeemece eens Prothonotary Warbler...... Blue-winged Warbler.. ..... Yellow Warbler Magnolia Warbler Black Poll Warbler .......-... Prairie myvid ale rsssassen ee Louisiana Water-Thrush.. Maryland Yellow-throat... *Yellow-breasted Chat...... Long-tailed Chat............... American Redstart..........-- ID Th oyoeWeS CONwvASN os “Mocking bird ........ *Catbird - Bates aur Dearie *Brown Thrasher pat *Sennett’s Thrasher........... *Curve-billed Thrasher.._... *California Thrasher......... “A OF GUTS) WARN socio ceosooaosose IB ewal ke SiaWVare Neen ee eens WGI ONOASS NAV TRST OS eas a Ne Baird’s Wren aeu HEV OUS CM VVEIRE Wess eee wenn Western House Wren........ Long-billed Marsh Wren... White breasted Nuthatch . , Brown-headed Nuthatch... THE OOLOGIST. Tufted Titmouse ...._.......... Texan Tufted Titmouse _. Chickadee .- see Oregon Chickadee _ Pe Carolina Chickadee .......... Californian Bush-Tit..___ Blue-gray Gnatcatcher...... Western Gnatcatcher.. _.... Wood Thrush....... Wilson’s Thrush. *Russet-backed Thrush... Olive-backed Thrush..... ... EVER MNIG ENG S eae ee *American Robin.... = Wiestern RO bim eee ees PBIWE DIEU hs ak ne a Western Bluebird........... Mountain Bluebird ............ English Sparrow.. ae FOREIGN EGGS. Lesser Kestrel ‘ Sparrow Hawk - Marsh Harri ier. Hen Montague’s ‘ Viel OW pee ica AM Nuthatch ah GN ihe as, ace a jatiass CASSIUS) AVIRA Sedsem Warblers ees WY TOMI TRORND oo eee epee cose Golden-crested Kinglet... AAV LORD OVOINEY Does ensee cho oecedocces White-spotted Blue-throat IB} EYOO OND ER eee eo rol Di gy OVeNe goo a ee EMS GoldenyOrioles ae ee Pied Flycatener...2.32 Red-breasted Flycatcher... 1 Red-backed Shrike Reed ee yyrpa a Wate) ei Sar ota PEIN Teh Os ete si eee ae *Jackdaw EnShieevenmsalrayeloy 3-03 House Sparrow ::-.-.. 22... Te wullhalayelay he ee Mee 2, Sisley Sao eee eee ee ee Messer sed pollieseeesaee (OTROS IS) OM WN eee oe White-winged Lar Leigh Wie Calandra Short-toed Lark... .............. Green Woodpecker......... Gt-B’k backed * ee CUCKOO eae aE ea eye a Cirl Bunting PEA Nas eRe DAs Yellow Bunting eae savory Black-headed Bunting __.. SOMME HDAC oes ee gceno, ease Hedge Sparrow. .<.2--2-.2--2--. Willow Warbler Italian Sparrow........- *Red-breast............- *W hite-throat Common Bunting.............. sata ONE IDYONYE) seedy tenenoencosecseee AMER EAK=) IDONAS coccepenccsonezecth=se08 Peacock (wild).... (Gawabavsyys INO kes a pceesosecueee Partridge Quail *Red-legged Partridge...... *Barbary Partridge........... C@apencailllie eae aeseesse stirs Rock Ptarmigan............... Bartramian Sandpiper... Buftf-backed Heron(2 small holes in side) Bitterness cea Gt-White Heron ....... Spotredd Redshank Curlew.. ce 1-25 4 Redshanke! ea 50 Common Sandpiper... 25 GLECAtR SN Cees 1 50 Common} snipe 40 Viarber mi ajileoe see eee eenee 5. 5 White-fronted Goose... 1 00 SAIN IONONAG TAY eee ee 15 Sheldrake ae eae 25 Black-headed Gull... 20 PHILLIPINE EGGS. Black-headed Weaver-bird 50 Devil-Fish Hammerhead Shark. 15 Nurse Shark. pe abe nD Egg case of Periwinkle. 20 Fossil Fish Kegs. per 12. 10 Crocodile sil Mud Turtle... 10 Musk Turtle_..._... bere il) Snapping Turtle 15 Emeu (Hole in end)... ....... 2 50 Ostrich (Hole in end)._._.... 2 (If sent prepaid 25c. must be included to pay charg- es on last two eggs.) Hummingbird nests 10 to 50¢ each according to -condition and beauty. Can-also furnish nests of about 50 species at from 10c. to $1 per nest. ENGLISH BIRD SKINS. We have on hand a few En- glish Bird Skins and haye con- cluded to include them in our “Annual Offer” to close them out. We have only one or two skins of a species, so always name substitutes. Sparrow Hawk Hnglish Jay .........22 : DO ViCR eee et SRI eee Starling . Selina es eee eee ee King fisher s/50 0 aan Nightingale Jie Bullfinen BEA teresa Yellow Hammer _ Se AD) Red-wing Thr TN 45 Skylar ks 22 a eopeeee 40 SParvVowie i Sareea eee 35 RODIN AIO ee ee 40 SUVS is as ee een 65 Chaiihin'c heen renee 35 (Goll@ifim Chie oe ree ee 45 (Gare emnthina chee ese 40 AINE bi. iS oe eevee 35 Great Dit, eee ses pane) WV MOT eee eae 40 Black-cap Warbler............ 50 Whinchat.. De PE 010) Wie ae aa eee 40 Stonechiait eee 40 Pied Wiagtall2) 3. Bee hie l0) Tre er Rip ibis ste ae aaa 35 Tea ee eo oe eae eae Hedge Sparrow .......-..- fe 335) Sedge Warbler... .............. 39 Willow Warbler.............. 39 Song ihn shinee cee se BTS Lit ee ee ane eo Ring Plover . 50 Fieldfare __.. eure sper s 0 Gh) JSUIRYOU ONO i eee eerocnecee ce 50 THE OOLOGIST. VOL. X. ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1893. NO. 2 The American Osprey. BY DR. MORRIS GIBBS. *‘Soon as the sun. great ruler of the year, Bends to our northern clime his bright career, And from the caves of ocean calls from sleep The finny shoals. and myriads of the deep. When ppeeaing tempests back to Greenland ride, And day and night the equal hours divide: True to the season o’er our sea beat shore, The sailing Osprey high is seen to soar.” These true and expressive lines are credited to Alexander Wilson, the great. ornithologist, and are ample evidence of true poetic thought, and of the na- turalist. The Osprey or Fish-hawk is known throughout the length of our eastern seaboard, and how much further north Lam unable to say. I have observed it, apparently as much at home in southern Florida as on the shores of New England. It not rarely spends its summers in the interior, and in widely separated localities, being unknown in intervening regions of vast, territory. The Mississippi evidently offers an in- ducement as a route for imigration north from the Gulf, as is shown by its not rarely appearing in the vicinity of the tributaries of the big river. It nests in Michigan, and that too in the interior of the state, although it is more common about the shores of the great lakes. No one who has watched the habits of the Fish-hawk, can fail to take an inter- est in the noble bird. and there are few indeed, aside from the meddler, who will do an injury to this pleasing at- tendant of the fisherman. At the north it is looked upon as a harbinger of the season of plenty, and the fishing popu- lation almost regard it with supersti- tion. “She brings u3 fish; she brings us spring; Good times, fair weather,warmth and plenty ; Fine store of shad, cod, herring, ling, Sheep-head and drum and old-wives dainty.” Thus runs the old song, and undoubt- edly the hardy fishers were cheered at the reappearance of pleasant weather and good times, together with this winged messenger. Think of the joy of spring, and the pleasure in securing ample hauls of fish. Again they sing. “The Osprey sails above the sound, ‘The geese are gone and the gulls are flying. The herring shoals swarm thick around, The nets are set and the boats are plying.” In Michigan, and in fact throughout the interior, the Osprey is so little known that the habits can rarely be studied, and itis only on the seaboard that the species is abundant. In all, not too well settled districts along our Atlantic coast, Fish-hawks may be found in season, the Maine shore-line being favored with their presence seven months or more, while further south the graceful fishers are found propor- tionately longer,and in Florida through out the year. This bird, nearly allied to the Eagles, is a very industrious creature, and un- like the so-called noble: bird, the Bald- headed Eagle, it never feeds on putrid flesh. The Bald-headed Eagle, the un- fortunately selected emblem of our country, which regales itself on dead fish, which it finds on shore, also has the censurable habit of robbing its cousin the Fish-hawk of its honestly ac- quired prey. Watching from afar, the Eagle hastens towards the successful Osprey, as soon as it ascends from the surface with its catch. The fortunate, or we might say unfortunate bird, per- ceiving its pursuer, mounts into the air and endeavors to escape. Up, up they go, and often appear like mere Specks before the pursuit is finished, It always appeared odd to me that the Fish-hawk does not attempt to escape by a straight away flight, as in that case 40 THE OOLOGIST. the weight of the fish would not retard the progress as much as in an upward sweep. However, in all instances that T have read of and seen, the invariable effort at escape by the burdened Os- prey, is in upward flight; and too, the end is always about the same. The Eagle below moves in majestic circles, rapidly revolving about the struggling handicapped Fish-hawk, which vainly endeavors to save its fish by furiously flapping its wings in an effort to escape. At last, when the Eagle is on a level with the fatigued fisher, the fish is drop- ped in sheer desperation, as otherwise the Eagle would have pounced upon the industrious bird. As soon as the -bird has dropped the fish it can easily escape. The Eagle too, ceases its per- secution and flies off, apparently con- tent with the mischief it has done. I have read in descriptions of this contest that the Eagle would drop like an ar- row, when the fish was released, and catch it in mid-air before it reached the water. This act I have never seen per- formed, and shall never credit it till I have seen it. Ido not think that the act is usually performed because the Eagle is in want of food, for I have never yet heard of the Eagle’s visiting the dead fish after it had fallen. It may be though that the Eagle is await- ing for the fish to become putrid before visiting it. Still I think that the’act of chasing the successful Fish-hawk is one of pure wantonness. 1am positive that the Ospery never reclaims the fish, whether it falls on land or water. Sometimes, where a Fish-hawk secures a fish as heavy as three pounds in weight, the Eagle gains so rapidly upon it that the chase is short, and again, when only a small fish is secured the birds will nearly pass out of sight be- fore the silver streak is seen which marks the descent of the contested fish. The general make up of the Osprey’s plumage is much like that of the King- fisher, that is, in its resistance to the water‘ and the skin much more nearly resembles that of the ducks, than the other Hawks and HKagles. It is, not rarely, completely submerged when it is after a fish, and I have seen it re- main under water all of fifteen seconds when grappling with a prize. The main means for securing the prey, are undoubtedly the very large and strong talons, and it may be doubted if the beak is ever used when the quarry is attacked. Ihave watched the Osprey when it was fishing and can say that its luck va1ied greatly according to the run of fish or whether they were neat the surface or well below it. I have re- peatediy seen fish secured when the Hawk barely seemed to touch the sur- face, and again the bird repeatedly failed, even after going completely be- low. Like the attempts of the King- fisher, the efforts of the Fish-hawk are _ largely failures, but I cannot give the percentage of successful plunges. It is a grand sight to witness a capture. “With broad unbending wing, slow Marks each loose straggler in the depth below; Sweeps down like lighting.plunges with a roar, And bears his struggling victim to the shore.” and circling ASummer Ramble. How beautiful doth Nature appear to us, as we lightly step from the city. bor- ders into the verdure of the farmer’s crops! Proceeding on our way, thro’ forests clad in vernal splendor, we hear the pleasing notes of the Oriole. On the edge of the forest we see the swaying nest of these liberty loving creatures. As usual itis built in an elm tree, and so situated as to be almost inaccessible. High in the air, the swallows are fly- ing in circles, and their sharp chatter, as they chase one another, appeals very unsatisfactorilly to the ear. We now wend our way o’er the dusty road, then thro’ pastures green and fair. Above us,the ethereal sky of blue, THE OOLOGIST. 41 forms a canopy wrought by the Master Hand. Overhead flies the Meadow ‘Lark, while its patient mate, lover-like, watches o’er the brood. Occasionally we hear its plaintive notes, which al- ways inspire the writer witha feeling of sadness. It seemss as if the birds have a language, which we are privil- eged to study and even to understand. Resuming our walk, we suddenly come upon a nest containing three eggs which we identify as those of the Swamp Sparrow. What happiness is ours, for it is the first set of this species we have ever discovered. We press onward imbued by new hope. and are rewarded by sets of “Morning Dove, Robin, Catbird, Yellow Warbler, Cedar Waxwing, Blackbird and Purple Grackle. Are we proud of our day’s success? Ask the young Naturalist for he can answer. Grateful are we that ours has been the great privilege of becoming better acquainted with our friends, the birds. Ah, friend, if thou wouldst Nature understand, Commune with her, yes, go forth hand in hand; Translate the songs her feathered children sing, So shall thy life be but continued Spring. WILHELMINE A. STARK, Buffalo, N. Y. a Some Sparrows in Minnesota. a) The following observations were all made within a radius of thirty miles about Minneapolis, Minn. One of our rare migrants is the Le- eonte’s Sparrow, but I have had the good fortune to take two specimens and have seen twenty more. My birds were all seen in the long dry grass in the meadows. As I walked through the grass they would rise at my very feet and fly straight as an arrow for a few yards and then drop down. Here they would creep some distance and it would take a good deal of stamping about in the immediate vicinity before they could be flushed again. Where one was found there were generally several more. The Lark Finch comes about the middle of April and like the Vesper Sparrow he haunts the fields and road- sides. His song is not one to be des- pised, and perched upon a fence or clod of dirt he loves to sing away the late afternoons when the bird chorus from the groves has grown faint. He builds his nest on the ground in the fields, orvery often on the grassy banks along the road or by the side of afoot-path. [have found a nest plac- edin the cinders and chips between the two tracks of a double-tracked railway. I have seen a nest in a slop- ing sand-bank,within fifty yards of a large grain elevator within the heart of the city, and also one within a few feet of a base in a ball ground. In fact they seem to enjoy a place where their eggs are liable to be stepped up- on. All the nests that I have found have been lined with black horse hair aud contained four or five eggs. Harris’s Sparrow is not avery rare migrant. Just at that time when the migratiug Warblers pass through and there is an abundance of birds every- where, single birds or small flocks may be found fiitting along the hedges that border the roads or divide the fields. He also has a great affiinity for plum groves. He is very conspicuous on account of his contrast in colors and is quick of movement being almost continually on the hop. The majority of them remain but three or four days, though an occasion- al bird may be seen eight or ten days after they arrive. The White-crowned Sparrow is not a very common migrant and can _ be found in company with the White- throated Sparrow though he arrives somewhat later. The White-throated Sparrow comes 42 THE OOLOGIST through in a regular tide. You will find him anywhere and everywhere, in brush-piles, hedges or groves. He re- mains long but does not breed. I have often heard his well-defined but tremu- lous whistle on a clear Spring morning from the top of some tree in the midst of the city. The Clay-colored Sparrow is not so well known about here as it might be, though quite common. It resembles very much the Chipping Sparrow. It lacks the chestnut on the head and has a little longer tail, but when one has once taken a specimen he will not fail to recognize it at some distance. Un- like the Chipping Sparrow he does not show that confidence in humanity, but inhabits the fields such as contain weeds, aS milk weed and mullen, or he may often be found about brush-piles. A nest that I found was placed in a tussock of grass and raised about half a foot from the ground. It was compos- ed of grass, but did not contain, as a Chipping Sparrow’s does, a lining of hair. The Swamp Sparrow can be found in large numbers in the bushes, flags and grass that skirt the edge of our marsh- es, and I have even seen it in high dry woods in the migraitons. I would list them as being as abundant as the Song Sparrow, but not so vell known on ae- count of their habits. Although on long acquaintance with them I have never yet heard a song that I positively knew was a Swamp Sparrow. Their nests are built in the long grass and weeds, generally where it is damp or on that line where the water begins to creep up in the grass. It is placed in some tussock and raised a few inches from the ground and is composed of grass and weeds. The birds do not often fly from the nest, but jump down- and creep along for some distance, and so swiftly do they go that at first glance at one running through the grass in this manner I often get the impression that itis a mouse. Sometimes several nests are found within a few yards of each other. The Fox Sparrow, that handsomest. of Sparrows, is a tolerably common migrant here.. You will find him in the thickest of groves, and you may see him on some April day flitting across the road, here and there, from thicket to thicket. He is not so sociable as other birds and although he may come North with a few companions he loves solitude better. No song that I have yet .heard from any bird throat has given me so entrancing an effect. He sings but seldom and then, from the top of some tree, with head thrown back and swelling throat, as if for his own happiness alone. He gives utter- ance to notes, remarkable for their sweetness, harmony and variety. H. M. GuiLrorp, Minneapolis, Minn, — >> Collecting in Chicago. When an odlogist sets out for a trip, when he finds himself face to face with nature, I doubt whether there is room in his heart for ought but the purest feelings. He is filled with exultant hope his step is buoyant, and life seems a pleasant song. He strays through shady depth, over sun-kissed fields, he stoops to drink from whispering brooks or cool springs, and again he waddles through mud cheerfully. And his time is well spent. Whenever I pick up theOéLoeisT and follow the writers through the various scenes and events a host of pleasant memories crowd upon me, and I always feel like joining the circle and take my turn, so here it goes. In the Calumet reigon, within the limits of the World’s Fair City there is a stretch of wet prairie you might call it, bounded by railroads, woody ridges and manufacturing suburbs. There are patches of rushes connected by THE OOLOGIST. , 48 narrow necks of the same growth the rest is wild prairie grass, while here and there are clumps of willows to break the monotony of the waving ex- pause. This year the flood had made its way everywhere and the feathery tribes were safe here, save from the odlogist. In spite ofa section hand’s warning call, ‘“‘ye’ll, dthrown,” I made my way in water to my hips. that in muddy places I would only sink sofar. My experience goes to prove that the whole Calumet reigon is under- laid with hard sand which except in Mud Lake and the vicinity of Calumet river is at most only three feet down, in most places not that. The shell in this strata goes to prove that this was once a shallow from Lake Michigan. This gave a feeling of security which was not without importance. In the rushes the Least Bittern fairly swarmed this year. Iam sure that I found more than fifty of their nests-in the few times I was there. Only a lim- ited number of setshowever, were fresh enough to collect, the trips were made during the first half of July. The nests were platforms of rushes and gruss, and sometimes scouring rushes; the great majority measured seven inches across, in fact, this was almost invari- able; and they were placed all the way from the water to three feet above it. The favorite location did not seem to be inthe most tangled places in the rushes but near the grass where it was tolerably open; here they would often nest within afew yards of each other. The birds would rise and fly off a short distance as I neared the nest in no instanve did one “‘sit close.” Often the two were near the nest together, indeed, quite regularly. When a bird rose with ruffled neck and croakicg I was sure to find young ones, downy little fellows with large round, scared ‘eyes, their long bills open for fight. The complement of light blue eggs ranged from three to five, commonly I knew . four, and [found one set of six. Oc- casionaly the big lazy cousin of the Least Bittern, the American Bittern, could beseen. I took one set of five fresh drab colored eggs of this latter bird; it sat close and flew fir when it rose. The nest was abulky platform of rushes on the water and placed rather openly. I need hardly state that this . find made me feel good all over. As a coincidence, I might:say that near this nest was one of the Least Bittern, and that the very next day I found another nest of the American Bittern containing one egg within three rods of the first. The second was like the first and they both measured abont one foot across. There were many other birds repre- sented on these grounds. It goes with- out saying that the Long-billed Marsh Wren was even more abundant than the Bitterns, the whole reigon teems. with them, and they raise a ceaseless chatter wherever you turn, and you may stick your finger into the opening at the side of their little house and feel the little lumps of chocolate. I found two deserted nests ofAlbinos. There. is poor chance for seeing the bird leave its nest, nay, when you see him he is eyeing you sharply first with one eye and then with the other, tail perpendicular, scolding with all his might. Who blames him? I also found belated nests of Pied-billed Grebe, King Rail, and Florida Gallinule. The flood was toblame for these. And at one end of my ground the female Wilson's Phalarope followed me in circles quawking and craning her neck. Here the grass was short asa result of pastu- rage; yet the flood was there too. I found no nest. I know _ trom for- mer experience that you might as well say that the nest is within a circle of a half a mile and arrange your plans accordingly; if you fool the bird to give the nest away you must be very sharp. Everywhere I waded I was followed 44 THE OOOLGIST by the Black Terns uttering their shrill angry note which they emphasized as they dove at my head. Their young were swimming about in the grass. I canght one downy little fellow which I of course had to examine before I let: him go, and there was a corresponding anxiety in the angry notes overhead. At first those fellows vexed me, but soon it seemed to blend with the scene- ry. It was entirely too late for eggs yet I found one set of two fresh ones, probably the flood had suecored me by destroying the first nest of this pair. The ground color is yellowish green, they are thickly. spotted with dark brown and some lilac. The brown forms a broad wreath near the larger end of one. The nest was a slight de- pression at the top of a semi-floating mound of dead rushes and mud openly situated. There wasa slight attempt to line the resting cavity with some grass. In my experience ofa former year I found that the nests are all open- ly situated, sometimes they are of the above description and sometimes they are broken down Musk Rat houses. I found that the ground-color of the eggs - varies from brownish to quite greenfand that there is liable to be a wreath at the larger end of a good many of the eggs, rather lower than is common in smaller eggs. In the majority of cases Ifound but two eggs ina nest, only once or twice did I find three. JOHN LARSEN. -———_ >_< Scientific Osteology for Amatures. Being interested in the study of osteology I read with much _ interest the article in Nov. ’92 OédLoaisT relating to this branch of science. Having noticed afew points that I think can be greatly improved upon I will en- deavor to give the process used by scientific workmen. Now let us suppose that we have just returned from a hunt through the wood lands and among our game we have a fine Blue Jay. We will not preserve the skin, but the skeleton. The first thing an amatuer would be likely todo would be to strip off the skin and rough flesh, dump the bird ina kettle and boil it until the flesh would all come off. Ah, but this is wromg, vastly wrong for by so doing you boil the grease and fat into the bone and no human agency can ever remove it—Not cven the hot rays of the tropical sun would bleach it, and forever after your skele- ton is of a dark greasy color. The only true way is to lay the specimen before you on a table and with asharp scalpel or knife remove theskin and all the flesh possible, then Jay the skeleton away until it becomes thoroughly dry and hard. Meanwhile take a small wooden box, fill it half full of fine sand, this we will lay away for future use. _ Now if the flesh has become dry and hard put the skeleton in a dish and pour on water enough to cover it all over. Let it remain in this until it is softened and the muscles and ligaments are as pliable as when fresh. You will find by drying and soaking that the blood has coagulated thus making the flesh more compact so that when we come to scraping we can remove large pieces ata time and can clear the skeleton much quicker. Now comes the hardest part of all; little by litthe we must scrape. away until every particle of the flesh is re- moved, taking great care not to injure the ligaments that connect the bones, for we must keep them all connected justas they originally were so as to know the exact location of the different parts in life. Doubtless the average amateur could not clean the entire skeleton at one time so we willlay it aside but it must not be allowed to dry again until finished so we will take the box before deseribed and pour water on the sand THE OOLOGIST. 45 untilitis thoroughly dampéned. On this lay the skeleton until time can be found to complete the scraping process. Supposing the bones now to be all nicely scraped and cleaned we will proceed to bleach and mount them, for no skeleton is fit fora cabinet until every bone isas white as chalk. The best known method for bleaching is to take an earthen dish pourin # gal. of boiling water and to this add} lb. of chloride of lime and 41b. of common washing soda, allow this to standina dark rvom until cold and then place your skeleton in it being sure that every partis covered, after five or ten minutes take it out and brush in cold water. At first the bones will not look much whiter than before but when Nature has performed her part you will be satisfied. As soon as the water has dried off the skeleton is ready to mount -on a temporary perch. In the base of the perch drill a small hole and in this fasten a wire of suffi- cient size to firmly hold the skeleton in place. With one hand hold the skele- ton on the perch to just the height you think it should come and fasten the other end of the wire securely to the back bone then bring the feet down on the perch and pin them in place, bring the wings in shape and tie them, crook the neck in the right position and set the specimen in the sun to dry. In a few days you will find the bones all firmly dvied together and bleached white as snow. Now itis ready to be fastened on its stationary perch and be placed in the cabinet. All small birds and animals are cleaned in this way. Itis a slow pro- cess Lut when you have your first specimen nicely finished you are not ready to stop. A fine skeleton is of more scientific value than a dozen skins. Let us study first bones and muscles, then feathers. Kirk B. MAaTuHes. A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs. TuHos. A. SMITHWICK. 47. Prairie Warbier. 678. Seta. Walke, N.C., May 10, 1892. Nest of grass, reed leaves, bits of spider webs, etc.,lined with hair and feathers, placed 23 ft. up in forks of small maple bush. 4 fresh eggs, .70x.48, .67x.49, .67 xedheh, {HOSS Sle Set b. Raleigh, N. C., June 10, 1892. Nest 2 ft. up in sweet gum. 4 eggs, Medium embyros, .61x,49, .62x.48, .62x .00, .65x.49. 48. Oven-bird. 674. Seta. Walke, N. C., May 19, 1892. Nest of skeleton leaves, pine straw and fine grass, lined with hair and fine leaves, placed in shallow hole in the ground on hill near swamp. 4 fresh eggs, ./0x.08, .74x.68, 78x61, 74x61. Set b. Weaverville, N, C, May 15, 1882. Nest oven shaped, of leaves and grasses, on hillside. 4 fresh eggs, .76x .O9, .78x.60, .78x.60, .17x.60. Set c. Weaverville, N. C., May 20, 1891, Nest: at root of small sapling, composed of grasses, leaves, ete. 4 eggs, incubation begun, .80x.61, .77x.62, SPR Oll STB

sists arena ales fa 20) 139 GreenawilnedoMe alles eects Sewn O) 417 Whip-poor- EAN gs kathy ce uate alienate 50 140 BIMeawIN ed ene alee eee eal es 60 419 TP FEKG NINE) ooo 1 50 142 SOME Ul Tels sentence ete et pres 95 420 INH MB MA a Been 12t25) 143 TENTIAL HEY (iets k Wie a eae RT th eee meee 95 421 Texan Nighthawk se 25) 144 Wood Duck ........... OR ACT Caen ee 1 00 23 Chimney Swift - Ske aaa 2) 146 HRC Ce alpen epic Sek: Pee cae eat 1 00 [442] Fork-tailed Flvcatcher..... 1 00 147 Canwasiacl ye. soos ee a ra 1 00 443 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher... .._..... 35 150 RUINS -Ne Clea Ducky. SE 1 00 444 IXIn SiR eg er eter ee ree eee 20 151 American Golden-eye............. .. 95 447 . Arkansas Kin@bird _.....2.....2.......... 25 152 Barrow’s Goldea-eye........ 2... 6... 95 452 Crestedshly catchers ne 15 154 OIGES Caan cece te emer esr 1 00 [455] BawLence sry cater seen 1 00 155 lee valves (vMey IDO pee es ee 1 00 456 FR OR Ce aS SISTA iy gle ea 15 165 White-winged Scoter.................. 1 00 461 WWYOOG) IREWOE ee 15 182 American Flamingo .:..2.... 2... 10 00 A65P eA Cad ame ly Catch Ciyessmesees = eine a 15 190) American Bittern : 466 little Mly.cateCherns se 60 191 Least Bittern. _..._..... ; : 466a MrailVSeHly Catcher we ae sey eee 15 194 Great Blue Heron... : 467 WASENSTD IDI NV CRN OVEN so ee 165 201 Greens eronnme: vy 471 Vermillion Flycatcher 2222 50 202 Black-crowned Night Heron.. 60 4740 PraiGieseOnne da lkan ks es eens 25 Q14 NO laeeeeerte aes ees yes SMA RROD ATT Blue Jay. eae acai a ManeneeuiteeL 219 Florida Gallinule _....... eee eT TOO) 478 Blue-fronted ‘Jay . } 30 221 AUNCTICAN COOL sta se oe eO0, 451 California ayn 22. BOE 925 American Avocet 60 483, Green Jay y 50 226 Black-necked Stilt prey rent (al) 448 American Crow..........2..- 35 230 WAISOMZSIS Dp Csi nae et =e eae 50 494 IBOWOH Ieuan eee USSR Be Rela OL Ey 241 ipeubcolsy Seah oor oe 40 495 Cowbird - Leen eee owl ( 254. Greatereviellow-legsineess eras 75 497 Yellow-headed Blackbird... 20 955 RYCLIO WRC SiG y ele: asa SE ae 5) 498 Red-winged Blackbird............ _..... 15 258 SUVA C Crete setieais oor: cessed Sylhet Cs 1 00 5OL WSR NG KOMEN AS Aes. ee ee 25 263 Spotted Sandpiper... ........._-: 3 Saae 20 501b Western Meadowlark........ ...... 35 ZT RGU UNCLES) ieee see St ater ie a eee a 30) [502] AD) KONDO) Een Pree eee ee Oe ee 15 294 CalitorpiajPartridze: ==) es 60 503 Audubon’s Oriole _ 1) 300 VUTEC ORG TONLS Cease een ea eeu ee 15 505 Hooded Oriole... 35 313 . Red-billed Pigeon 1 90 506 OrchandeOniolem emesis seein 20 316 Mourning Dove - ee aa ee epee wren) 507 IB ALGIMONE ORIOL eee oe () 319 White-winged Dove. 90) 508 BUOCKSTORIOLC eens ene 25 320a Mexican Ground Dove 509 RUSTE BlaClio ln sree ene 20) 331 IY RH ASS OV BE Wye ele ease ee ten 511 Purple Grackle..... AMET hee eee i030) 333 Cooper’s Hawk . 5 512 Great-tailediGrackie: eee oe 30 335 Harris’s Hawk : 514 Bvening Grosheals <2. 2 22282 50 337 Red-tailed llawk 515 Pine Gr OSHS Sal wry re et 5 35 339 Red-shoulé: red Hawk 517 TPA ONS TMC, 2 setbiaca poate els + 268 THE OOLOGIST. 519 House Finch ............. eee 20 647 Tennessee Warbler 50 521 American Crossbill Bede 20) 648 - Parulay War Dlersees se) eee eee 15 522 White-winged Crossbill 30 650 Cape May Warbler oY) 528 FREQ POL eee ee ie ieee eae 15 652 CLIO WAVVialG Ole Teese ree 15 529 American Goldfinch ._.................... 15 654 Black-throated Blue Warbler......... 15 530 Arkansas Goldfinch _................. as 15 655 MiynGleewWianb: cians ee eee 15 533 Pine Sis Kili sys eee eae ae 15 657 Magnolia Warbler . 15 536 Lapland Longspur ___........2..2...0.2..... 15 6E8 Cerulean Waroler a2 ical) 538 Chestnut-collared Longspur.......... 20 659 Chestnut-sided Warbier 15 542a Savanna Sparrow...................-.2..... 15 660 Bay-breasted Warbler.................. 5) 7 BO) 546 Yellow-winged SRaOw 15 ~—- 661 Black-poll Warbler .......... ... ........ 15 549 Sharp-tailed Sparrow... UE ENE ALS 662 Blackburnian Warbler. dlls DN an 20) 552 Lark Sparrow __..._.. Pale Ah ee. 663 Yellow-throated Warbler. . 30 (54 White-crowned Sparr Ow. 15 667 Black-throated Green Warbler... 15 {556 Gambel’s Sparrow ........ ..........2...... 15 671 Pine \Wiarble peveen cee een 15 558 White-throated Sparrow 20 672a Yellow Palm Warbler............. ..... 15 ‘09 Meer WalMmO Wiener ce een 15 613 Rralrdie Wal DLC 1s eese ee eee ences 20 ‘560 Chipping Sparrow. ................ 0.2... 15 674 Oven= birds Sea ee 15 163 Mela SpannrO wees een ee 15 617 Kentuelsy a Waoleriee esate 50 ‘513 Black-throated Sparrow ......... ....... 20 678 Connecticut Warbler....................... 50 ‘581 Song, Sparrowee kee 15 679 Mourning Warbler_......................... 30 ' 584" Swamp Sparrow. ... 15 «6S Maryland Yellow-throat ...... _... 15 585 Fox Sparrow ............ elo 683 Yellow-breasted Chat....... ............ 20 586 Texas Sparrow......... 30 684 TOO EGRWialGD Le Teese eens 30 ! 587 Towhee .............- 16 685 Wilson’s Warbler.... 25 593 Cardinale 15 686 @anadlanGwarbl ere een 20 594 Texan Cardinal Oe. GSK American Redstart 15 - 595 Eose-breasted Grosbeak _....... k 20° 697% American Pipit ee 2.0) 596 Black-headed Grosbeak see DD 703 Mockingbird _... .... Bares oe BU 595 Indigo Bunting == 15 704 Catlbirdess 22S ees ee sex aD 602 Sharpe’s Seed-eater........................ MO 105 - Brown Thrasher 15 605 Wankes Untin Gee eee eee 20 706 Texas Nhrashe re yee eee enna 30 606 Blue headed Euphonia ................ TOO. ‘ay Curve-billed Thrasher................... 30 6u8 Scanlet Tanagers 3g PH IR CACEUSRWINC IG 5 pees eese eee 25 610 Summerinanadcens a ee 25 718 Carolin awareness 20 611 Purple Martin................ 20 = 721 House Wrens es ieee eee 15 612 Cliff Swallow.........: WS te _Long-billed Marsh Wren................. 15 613 Barn Swallow 15 726 Brown Creeper 2... <..-2--e-seeeeeceeene 20 - 616 Bank Swallow 15 127 White-breasted Nuthatch .............. 15 618 \ Bohemian Waxwing ..................... 60 . 731 Tuite dct OUSC mes eee 15 619 Cedar Waxwing ..... ........ ....... 1B 78H Chickadee ee eee 15 622a White-rumped Shrike 15 = 748 Golden-crowned Kinglet Boer 2 16) 624 Red-eyed Vireo ...............-.-..... 2... 15 749 . Ruby-crowned Kinglet _....: eee 5 627 Warbllng Vireo ..........-..0220.222202------ 1B 25 Til Blue-gray Gnatcatcher _................. 15 631 White-eyed Vireo................. 02.2.2... iy G3 Wioyore BUM ee 20 636 Black and While Warbler:............. 15) 56 MINOT TNT UST yee eee ne 20 639 Worm-eating Warbler. ................. 30 T58a Olive-backed Thrush .__........-...-..... 20 641 Blue-winged Warbler .......-..... - .. 35 759b HUGO aN ay MAUS a 20 642 ‘Golden-winged Warbler ................ 30 8©6T61 VAGRANT ellp) 48 ‘Nashville Warbler.......................... 15 %66a Bluebird se a Soe ae 15 Address all communications to, F.H. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills. AUDUBON’S Life-size pictures, beautifully and accurately colored from nature. BIRDS Plates for sale separately, for fram- ing. ; Full descriptive catalogue sent FREE OF : Estes & Lauriat, AMERICA BOSTON. - THE OOLOGIST. VOL. X. SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER WILSON. The First Volume of the American Ornithology G. VROOMAN SMIrH. Vil. We now come to that period in Wil- son’s life to which he looked forward, from the time ne entered upon the pro- fession of an orni hologist with anxious expectancy. The time when he was to see his fondest hopes realized—the pub- lication of his American Ornithology. The year 1807 wrought important -changesin the career of Wilson. Mr. Bradford, a publisher in Philadelphia, contemplated publishing an edition of Ree’s cyclopxdia and was looking about for an assistant editor. Wilson was re- commended to him as a person well qualified to superintend the work and his services were immediately secured. He entered upon his new duties prompt: ly and with all his heart. At last he had emerged from the obscurity as teacher of country school and was en- gaged in an employment which gave him abundant opportunity of making the acquaintance of learned men. Led by the desire of beholding the maturity of his plans at once, he had not been long in the employment of Mr. Bradford before he made known to him the desire of his heart. Mr. Brad- ford needed nothing further than an explanation of the nature and object of the work to convince him of its inevit- able success if published. fe readily consented to become the publisher and furthermore agreed to bear the neces- sary expenses for an edition of two hundred copies. What transpired in ‘Wilson’s mind wnen he receiyed the ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1893. NO. 10 approbation of this influential person may be better imagined than realized. The darling hope of his life now seemed within reach-the publication of his ornithology in a manner answering to his imaginations and desires. With the support of Mr. Bradford and the indefatigable labor of Wilson the work progressed rapidly. He re- linguished his position of assistant edit- or of the cyclopzedia and lent all his ef- forts to his own work. His only means of support now was that received from the coloring of his own plates, and that was far to small to meet the necessities of life. He applied himself so closely to coloring his plates and correcting the imperfections of assistant employ- ees that the hours of rest were encroach- ed upon and the result was, his health became sericusly impaired. His friends advised him to travel about; and there- upon in August, 1807 he left Philadel- phia for a tour through the state of Pennsylvania. On this journey he en- larged his collection of specimens and procured much additional information. This pedestrian excursion seemed to have repaired his shattered health for after a few months of roughing it he re- turned to his work with renewed vigor, and devoted every moment to his plates and manuse ripts. Another year of incessant toil rolled by before the first vclume of the Ameri- can Ornithology with all its splendor and magnificence was given to the world. In September, 1808 the superb volume left the printers and Alexander Wilson with joy as great as the aston- ishment which greeted his efforts, at last beheld the proud moment of his earlier expectations. America had given to the world an original work in science. A work which could in every way vival the best productions of Kur- 270 THE OOLOGIST. ope. And why do we lay so much stress on this adopted foreigner’s ef- forts? Because the science of ornithol- ogy was in its infaney; aye, in its em- bryonic state till Alexander Wilson, that devout child of nature, by years of patient toil, study, poverty and dis- couragem2nt at last brought forth from its obscurity the science that has enlist- ed in its service minds of the very high- est order. Because there is not to be found in that long line of his illustrous followers one who has led a life abound- ing in such depressing circumstances and still has given to the world a mon- ument of industry to be comparea with his efforts. Those of you who have read an account of his life cannot but rejoice to think that we are living in an enlightened ave. An age when our be- loved science is encouraged rather than discouraged. Briefly review again the circumstances under which his work was brought forth. Consider the life of penury he led and then consider what that life gave to us. Hight years previous to the appearance of his first volume.—years in which most if not the whole mass of his knowledge of the sub- ject was gained, were years spent in wrestling with disappointment, pover- ty and sickness. In all that time he worked patiently and thoroughly, scarce- ly receiving any outside aid in the furtherance of his desigus. Finally let us think of him as he leaves the abode of civilized man, latinches his canoe on unbroken waters, depends on his rifle for subsistence, keeps on his solitary march till the bird has sung its evening song, and then lies dewn to rest with no society but the hoot of the Owls and no shelter but the star-lighted skies. And afterall due consideration let us attribute to Alexander Wilson the praise his great work deserves. Although twenty-five hundred copies of the prospectus, setting forth the character of the work had been sent to different parts of the country, yet when the real work greeted the public no one was prepared to welcome so fine a spee-- imen of art. No one entertained an idea of the grandeur and com leteness: of the work. Little wonder that it met with so little patronage when we con- sider how expensive it was. The taste: for such luxuries had not yet been formed in this country. Those who had manifested an interest in the science were mainly persons of limited cireum- stances. Thus being an ornament to- the shelves of the rich or shut up in the: libraries of learned institutions it was a. sealed book to those who really were in need of its benefits. Wilson himself realized the position his book was likely to hold in the public favor, and his plan was to publish a second edition in four volumes, with drawings on wood. This edition would have circulated more generally and would likely reach: the hands of all who were interested in the science, as it could have been sold! at a very low figure, as compared with the cost of the original edition which was ope hundred and twenty dollars. But unfortunately he died before the- ninth volume of the first edition was: completed. In the latter part of September, 1803 he writes to Mr. Bartram: “In a few moments [ set out for the eastern states, through Boston to Maine, and back through the state of Vermont, in search: of birds and subseribers.” It was with a feeling of timidity that he set out in search of patronage; for as he says ‘‘the bearer of a subscription paper is seldom: welcomed with rapture.’’ He felt that even if he should fail in securing sub- scribers he at least could gain a greater familiarity with nature’s objects. Ac- cordingly he writes to a friend, “I am: fixing correspondents in every corner of these northern regions, like so many pickets and outposts, so that scarcely a. Wren or Tit shall be able to pass along from York to Canada, but I shall get in-. telligence of it.”’ Thousands of learned men examined his book; and although only a few en- THE OOLOGIST. 2 tered their names as subscribers, yet he received expressions of the highest ad- miration and esteem from all. He ex- hibited his book with some success at Princeton college, Newark and Eliza- bethtown in New Jersey. In New York he found a few subscribers and many admirers. The professors of Col- umbia college particularly expressed their esteem for his performance. The professor of languages being a Scotch- man, and also a Wilson, gave him great encouragement and would have done him any favor in his power. Tom Paine, the author of the ‘Rights of Man” was then residing at Greenwich, ashort distance from New York. Wil- son desired to visit the man about whom somuch had been said, and who was now in the yellow leaf of life, being something over seventy. Wilscn said he found him sitting in his nightgown, at a table covered with newspapers and material for writing. Paine examined his book with great attention and was so weJl pleased with it that he entered his name among the list of subseribers. He spent a whole week traversing the streets of New York, from one house _to another. He said ‘the became as well known as the public ecrier, ov the clerk of the market, for I could fre- quently perceive gentlemen point me out to others as I passed with my book under my arin.” On the 2nd of October he left New York for New Haven, Middletown and Hartford where he received a few sub- scribers and much encouragement. At Hartford an editor of a newspaper ex- pressed the highest admiration of the work, and paid many handsome com- pliments to it in his paper. Wilson writing to a friend said ‘that compli- ments is a species of currency that will neither purchase plates or pay the printer; but, nevertheless it is gratify- ing to the vanity of an author, when nothing better can be gut.” The morning following the evening he arrived in Boston, :he sought out 7 ra Beacon Hill, an eminence overlooking the city.. His eyes were directed to see that spot so justly celebrated in Ameri- can history, Bunker Hill. A _ gentle- man pointed out the spot to him and he immediately explored the way thither. He inquired if there was any one still living in the vicinity who was engaged in the battle, and he was directed to a Mr. Miller, who was a lieutenant in that memorable affair. Wilson intro- duced himself without ceremony, shook hands with him, and told him that he was proud of the honor of meeting with one of the heroes of Bunker Hill. They proceeded together to the place, taking with them another veteran who had been in the same conflict. With these veterans he spent three hours upon the field; the most interesting. he says, which he ever passed in his life. As they pointed out to him the route of the British—the American line of defence—the spot where Warren fell, and where he-was thrown amid heaps of dead, he felt as if he himself could haye encountered an army in the same glorious cause. The old soldiers were delighted with his enthusiasm, and, after drinking a glass of wine together, they parted with regret. He said. “no pilgrim ever approached the tomb of his prophet, with more awful enthus- iasm, than he felt as he drew near to that sacred ground; and great was his wrath, to find that a wretched pillar of bricks, was the only memorial of those who had shed their blood for their country.” He proceeded eastward through Mass- achusetts and New Hampshire to Port- land. ‘From Portland he travelled through New Hampshire, stopping at: Dartmouth college, where he said the professors were extremely obliging and attentive, particularly the president who snbseribed; thence through Ver- mont to Aloany and home by tie way of New York. The whole number of subserib-rs procured during this tour was only forty-one. 272 THE OOLOGIST Raptores of Michigan. By ScoLopa. Part Four. THe EUROPEAN BuzzArp, Buteo buteo f. This straggler from the old world, not rarely taken at the North on the eastern coast of N. A., has been twice recorded from Michigan. Exact refer- ence not now at hand but can be furn- ished if desired. At best it can. only be embraced as an irregular visitor. Swatnson’s Hawk, Buteo swainscni Bonap. 1 have never met with this species to my knowledge, but have, nevertheless always thought that it was more common than credited. A few have been recorded from various parts ‘of the state. In time, and when com- _petent ornithologists shall be found in nearly all sections of Michigan, it may be reasonably expected, that the Swain- sson’s Hawk, will, at least be generally known as a yearly visitor to the penin- ‘sular State. BROAD-WINGED Hawk, Buteo latissi- mus. Wils- Inthe Northern part of the state, this species may be abundant, though it is not reported so, that I can learn. In Southern Michigan it is but jittle known, and many, ornithologists ‘have collected for years without seeing a bird. Still searcer are the successful ones with the eggs As an evidence of its rarity here, in the breeding season, I will say, that in over five hundred nests of the buteos which have been rob- bed by the collectors of this (Kalama- 700) county, only one set of eggs of this Buzzard was taken. It may be safe to -add that I suspect the identify of ‘Hawk’s eggs is not al Ways accurate. tn fact I suspect that nests of this bird have been found and overlooked. The advice is given, that in all cases of doubt, the bird should be secured when the eggs are removed. In late May, 1875 two of us were hunting and collecting in a piece of low woods where we often went. Jim saw a Hawk sailing leisurely through the woods He followed it and shot the bird which proved to be of this species. As the Hawk was rare to us, having previously only been seen in migrations we were much interested in the note and began to look about although we did not expect to find eggs owing to the lateness of the season. We quickly spied a suspicious-mass of rubbish in a large white ash only a few rods away. When we approached the tree we were much pleased to see the old bird fly off. She alighted in an adjoining tree and was easily bagged. It was a very warm day and so we * disembowelled our specimens and pack- ed the cavity with dry materials on which was dropped alittle carbolic acid. An examination disclosed the fact that the mother bird was engaged in laying, and we at once laid our plans for seal- ing the ash tree which was nearly seven feet in circumference two feet above the ground. The trunk ascend- ed all of fifty feet without a limb. In those early days we knew nothing about climbing irons and our bird-nest- ing was the hardest kind of climbing in many cases. After much scrambling and puffing, together with a good deal of boosting from below by my compan- ion witha long sapling and crotch, I managed to reach the nest, which was built like the nests of the other dzdeos, as near as I could judge. It contained two eggs one of which was well marked and much like the usual description, while the other was. of dirty white ground color with a very few markings. The eggs can be distinguished from those of the Red-tailed and Red-should- ered Hawks both by size and markings, * All birds which feed on flesh become putrid in Warm weather within a very few hours after death unless treated with some antiseptic. Another method I often adopt. and this is par- ticularly adapted t) cases where birds are to be sent by niail or express, is to fill the eviscer- ated body with powdered charcoal. THE OOLOGIST. "Rid. in fact I do not know of any other species of Hawk’s eggs for which they can be mistaken in this region.To those who do not possess eggs of this Hawk, aud who-are so fortunate as to have access to Capen’s work, it will be found that the plates are an exceilent repres- entation of this Hawk’s eggs. The size of the eggs are a little less than those of the eggs of tne Red-shouldered Buzzard. Davie gives the average as 1.90x1.54 inches. The nest was built in a huge crotch _and after the manner ofthe other Buz- zard-hawks. The spot was little visit- ed, the locality selected being a low, wild piece of woods. This is the usual choice of this Hawk, as recorded by col- leetors and observers. It seems strange to me that a species of the Hawk fam- ily so constant in its choice of wild and little frequented regions, should be so easily approached and shot. Yet this inattention to its safety is a well known feature of the Broad-wing’s habits, and many writers mention it. Most writers refer to this species as one which builds in high trees, but others say that their choice varies great- ly. Itis certainly a Hawk which sel- ects wild localities, and from this fact is the reason that it is little known in well populated districts except during m grations. RED-SHOULDRED HAWK OR BUZZARD, Buteo lineatus. Gmel. This is our commonest Buzzard Hawk and is un- doubtedly the best known of all the family. It, in common with the Red- tail bears the name of Hen-hawk and Chicken-hawk; terms which are hardly fair, as the two Buzzards rarely serious- ly infest the the barn yard, and especial- ly is this true of this Hawk. ‘This bird also bears the old name of Winter Fal- eon, which is of course entirely improp- er as it isin no sense a Falcon. It is not rarely found with us throughout the winter months, but is evidently no more hardy than the Red-tail, which certainly averages ten to twenty days or more earlier in nesting. Generally arrives in late February and departs from our state in late November, but [ have seen it here in very severe weatl- er in December and Januaay. Not long after arrival the pairs. evi- dently mated upon their appearance, select sites for their nests. They are not as constant to a favored site as the Red-tail; in fact can never be depended on to visit a nest for a second season. I have known a pair to do so however, and also to choose an old nest of the Crow or that of their near relative ‘the Red-tail. The loeality selected is nearly always a low woods the species rarely nesting on high ground; and never to, so far as my experience goes, far removed trom water. Many hundreds of nests of this Hawk have been visited in this vicinity and any quantity of eggs have been se cured by the collectors of this county. Mr. Richard Westnedge of Kalama- z00, than whom no more reliable col-— lector lives in the state has devoted much time to the nesting habits of the Hawks of Southern Michigan. Since April, 1888 he his kept a careful record of the nesting habits, sites, localities, ete. of this Hawk. I cannot do better than to give his summary in his own words. He says: “Sixty-eight sets of Red-shouldered Hawks eggs taken since April 21, ’88. Of these one each was in birch, soft maple and basswood; two in tamarack; three each in hard maple and sycamore; five in hickory; seven in oak; eight in elm; fourteen in beach and twenty-three in ash trees. The lowest built nest was only twenty feet up and was placed in a birch tree; the highest was in an ash and at ninety feet. The largest set was one of five eggs; the smallest incubated sets were three of two eggs each. Three and four are the usual sets. The earliest set was taken April fourth; lat- est first set fresh, May third; latest 2274 -second set May eighteenth. About Apvil fifteenth is the best date for col- lecting the eggs. Sometimes, but sel- -dom found in dry oak woods, but al- ways near marshy ground.” The nest of the Red shouldered Hawk ‘iseasily found. It is built after the manner of the structure of the Red-tail and is indistinguishable from it when viewed from the ground. There are ‘some collectors who claim that the nests of the two spebies can always be told apart, but I must confess that I have been unable to distinguish the species from nests alone. However it is usually not difficult to decide, if the nest is in high oak woods and contains only two large eggs, that the structure belongs to the Red-tail. Again, if the nest is in low woods and contains three or four smaller eggs, it is fair to judge that the Red-shoulder owns them. Nevertheless, I have seen sets of these eggs of the Red-shouldered Hawk which were larger than three eggs from one nest of the Red-tail. And too, the Red- tail often selects the exact locality chosen by the smaller Buzzavd. . There- fore a collector must be careful and not rely too fully on shape, size or colora- tion of eggs, or locality of nest. I do not doubt that many collections, some of which belong to renowned collectors, are supplied with sets of Buzzard’s eggs which are improperly labelled. Many eggs of this Hawk are very beautiful and the markings in various shades of brown and red are pleasing to the eye. The variations in colora- tion: and markings are much greater than in the eggs of the Red-tail, and it is needless to describe them. A trip after the eggs of the Red- shouldered Buzzard is a most interest- ing expedition, and if made in the right locality eannot fail to be productive .of good results, particularly if one of the party is an experienced collector and fearless climber. It is best to go into the woods in Mareh and watch the THE OOLOGIST. birds intent on selecting a nesting site, as they are very noisy and active at that time. Having located several pairs of birds, the proper undertaking is to visit the woods regularly and keep track of the progress the birds are mak- ingin nest building or repairing and incubating. A collector who has plenty of time to to devote to the work should have _bril- liant suecess and I feel safe in saying that there are several collectors in this city who could, if unhampered, and no others to bother them, collect a hund- red eggs of this Hawk alone, in addi- tion to other collecting in a season. It is however rare indeed that a col- lector is free of all duties; for school work engages the attention of the most” of the collectors at a time when the Hawk’s egg-harvest is in season, and with the older ones the duties of busi- ness demand attention. From these causes but very few days are spent in the woods by the enthusiasts around here. I know several young fellows of this vicinity who have collected for years. One of them was a painter, one a tinuer, a machinest, college student, etc. Available days for collecting were few, and generally the time between Saturday night and Monday morning was selected for long trips, while the eyries near to town were visited after the work of the week day. Of course all of the ground could not be covered in one day even though the collectcrs set out in different directions. Many are the yarns I have heard and many good jokes were played on the unlucky ones. It was not rare that one egg-crank would rob a Buzzard’s nest which was fondly considered hid- den by another crank who expected to take the eggs. When crank No. 1 at last climbed the tree he found a note pinned in the nest by crank No. 2 which informed crank No. 1 that he was a trifle late as some one had been there before him, THE OOLOGIST. Occasionally a huge tree was selected ‘by the Hawks which was insurmount- sable, and which existed for years with- out a robbery of the coveted eggs. But at last we were honored with an enthus- iastic collector who knew no danger and was indefatigable with climbing irons and blow pipe. He soon scaled all difficult trees and I feel safe in say- ing that there is not a tree in this sec- tion which will cause him to falter. The Red-shouldered Hawk is a very noisy bird, and without doubt the nois- -est species we have. This is especially noticeable during nest-building and at the time when the young leave the nest. At the latter time a family of Hawks will easily convince an uneducated stroller that there are a dozen or more screamers in a patzh of woods. Although the bird does not seem to have the attachment for a particular nesting site which the Red-tail exhibits, stillit is rare for a pair of birds to quit a locality unless the woods are cut down. Year after year the Red-should- ered Hawk returns to the same patch -of woods and submits to spoilation by ‘the town egg-collector. ooo Auld Lang Syne. Of all the various scientific recrea- tions, few will dispute that nature pre- sents the widest:and most edifying fields in which to exercise our thoughts. For an intelligent mind, nature has a natural inspiration! The boundless ocean, the lofty mountian, the majestic river with its surrounding landscape, are each to him a ‘‘chef d’a@uyvre” of a unique past Master, against which the feeble, though noble efforts of our mightiest minds, stand rebuked, as the merest trivialties. Everything in nature, commands our unqualified admiration: from the lowly weed to the noble oak, and the multi- colored birds, insects and flowers, nat- urally turn our thcughts to Him who made them. This study of nature, in which the poorest individual may participate. pre- sents such an infinite variety of sub- jects, as almost to bewilder the imagi- nation, and it would require thousands of years, for its greatest devotee, to gain an insight into the knowledge of its wonders. However, by pursuing one of the various lines of study, one may hope to become tolerably profie- lent in its mysteries. In choosing any special path, one must be guided, so to speak, by the chemical affinity, or rather inspiration, as well as by circumstances and re- sources. For me, “Ornithology,” al- ways has been, and is still with Odlogy the most delightful study extant. I doubt not that the majority of the collecting subscribers of the OdLoersr hold the same opinion with myself. I further expect, that with me, many of your readers would admit that col- lecting specimens has been intimately linked with some of the proudest and happiest moments of their lives The delight one feels in the wood, field or along the banks of the stream, (on cer- tain occasions, when some tare, unex- pected set is met with and seeured for the cabinet) is untranslatable, and can- not be adequately described on paper. 1 recollect twenty years ago, when a mere child, the inexpressible joy I felt on finding a crow’s nest (corvus corone) in England, with three eggs. I thought they must surely be ravens, they were so large and beautiful; and I remember also with what regret I left two for the old bird, according to instructions in my bird book, which was, if I remem- ber correctly, the Rev. J. C. Atkinson’s British Birds, Eggs and Nests. The first Kestrel( falco Tinnuneulus) I took, containing six very fine eggs, cave me unlimited pleasure, I rated them Peregrine Falcons’ at least. The cir- cumstances are still fresh in my mem- ory. I was then clerk in my uncle’s store, and worked from 7 a. m. till 7 276 THE OOLOGIST. p.m. I arose that May morning at 2 a. m. and called on a young friend, whom I had interested in Odlogy, to go with me, but the muscular arms of Mor- pheus prevented, and I went away dis- gusted with my friend’s tranquil in- difference and started alone, as happy as a lark, and as confident as Julius Cesar of success. After walking over two miles, and taking a beautiful Lesser White-throat’s egg, from a nest built in weeds, con- taining three, I proceeded to cross a low meadow on the banks of the Great Ouse. I had searcely crossed the pal- ing when a Red-leg Partridge flew from a pateh of rank grass right in front of me. I almost trod on the nest, which contained eleven eggs of a creamy buff color, minutely speckled wity dark brown. This was a new acquisition to my cabinet, and my conscience smote me as I took four of the prettiest, two for myself and two for my sleeping friend. Before I had crossed the mead- ow I frightened an old Millard from her nest, which was built in a hollow at the top of an old willow., The nest, which was full of feathers, contained ten eggs, of which I took four, but only saved two and that with difficulty, as they were almost on the poi.t of hatch- ing. Leaving the meadows I crossed to a small copse or wood of spruce fir and had scarcely entered when a Ring-dove flew from a low tree to my right and sailed deep into the wood, After a little searching, I discovered her rude platform of twigs, on which were de- posited two beautiful, white, glossy eggs, elliptical in shape. I left one, hoping to find another to make a pair. T collected in pairs then! While walking slowly along, pack- ing my eggs, I heard a Hawk scream- ing, and following the sound with my eyes, saw a magnilicent Kestrel fly in- to the top of a tall fir. My excitement was intense. I had never taken a Hawk’s egg in my life, and had a special longing to distinguish myself amongst the Raptores. Promptly climb- ing this memorable spruce, which had limbs from the ground up, I soon caught sight of the nest. On reach- ing it- I would not put my hand in, until I had first looked in the nest, which a moment later I did. Oh, thou aident lover of fine sets, imagine six glorious eggs, the most beautiful I had ever seen, marbled, mottled and veined with ‘brick red and sienna. on a deep~ buff ground. I almost fell from the tree in my excitement. It was truly a moment of indescribable bliss, and one that will never fade from my memory. I must. here confess, I bagged the-whole set, contrary to all rules and precedents. Five eggs is the usual number laid by the Kestrel, one of them generally being much smaller than the rest. I reached home at 6 a. m. delighted at my new acqui- sitions, and incurring the envy of my sleepy friend, who bowever, received his share. This happened in 1891; and though my collection has vanished, the memories still remain. I am still in the field, though on this side the herring pond, devoting my leisure moments to the same de- lightful. study. The birds of North America are comparitively new to me, as well as the eggs, and in this fact - rests the assurance of many delight- ful days to come. I see birds almost daily that are new to me, and have found many beautiful nests and eggs, wliich however has ne- cessitated the killing of some birds for’ their identification. The Cardinal Grosbeak (Cardinalis Virginniaus) which is a constant resi-— dent here, excited my admiration on first beholding it, with its beautiful crest and gaudy plumage, and_ after-- ward by its strong melodious voice. The Yellow-billed Cuekoo, with its strange note and peculiar eggs so un- like Cuculus canorus has greatly in- terested me also. I founda. nest of. THE OOLOGIST. this species with three almost fresh eggs on Aug. 17th, 1893. Is not that unusually late? Wm. Wakes, Knoxville, Tenn. 2S ea ee The Marsh Hawk and It’s Uggs. One morning in June a farmer stood in his yard with a loaded gun in his hands watching a pail of Buteos lazily cireling overhead While thus watch- ing,a Marsh Hawk came skimming over the wall and picking up a chicken was away witn it’s quarry before the slow, rustic battery in che farmers hands could be brought to bear on it. It is for such oceasional forages, that this useful Harrier is shot by the aver- age farmer. But fortunately there are some farmers who ean and do appreci- ate the usefulness of this Hawk. He destroys those pests of the farmer, the mole, go her, rats, mice and a great number of snakes. Whence he receives his various epithets; as Mouser, Snake Hawk and Mole Hawk. After or dur- ing such a life of usefulness, should this bird be hunted, shot and killed? It plainly shows the ignorance and stupidity of the average farmer. In spring the country’ boy finds its nest and marks the spot. He waits until the young are hatched and then pro- eeeds to wring their necks. The nest of the Marsh Hawk is gen- erally a bulky affair, anywhere from an inch to a foot high, and from about a foot wide to two feet. Some times it builds no nest at all but simply depos- its its eggs in some small depression in dry sphagnum moss or some similar substance. In such cases the bird builds no nest for the purpose of better concealing her eggs. On the contrary some of the nests are extremely large. They are sometimes built large for the reason being always built in a swampy place they are in danger of being sub- merged by the water and are therefore built Jarge for the purpose of avoiding 2k this danger, but the general cause of these large nests are the results of nest- ing in the same spot for a series of years, each year the bird adding more to the nest in repairing it for use. The usual number of eggs ina set of the Marsh Hawk is three, sometimes. four or five and but rarely two. When first laid their color isa greenish blue,. fading before the clutch is complete to dirty white which color is given by the closest odlogists as the true color of: the: eggs. Sometimes the eggs are marked over with a dark chocolate color, but commonly are not. The choicest sets. of eggs of the collector are those that are marked. Extreme sets are sometimes found: as. many as seven in a nest. More than - that have been reported before, but the the cases are improbable. Many facts tend to show also that the two birds, (Marsh Hiwk) which lay marked eggs: one season will lay marked eggs every season; and those that lay plain or un- marked eggs one season will ever after lay plain eggs. There are facts also which go to prove that the two birds that lay a certain size and shape egg in one season will lay the same shaped and same size egg all other seasons. Many authorities. doubt that still and i. has never been proven yet. The Marsh Hawk is perhaps the most noiseless of our breeding rapaciw. The ery made by some of them has an inti- mation of the Fish Hawk, but in general the ery approaches more nearly that of Cooper’s Hawk. To those who have only seen and. known the subject of this sketch, as the skimmer of the meadows, floating and quartering spaniel-like over bushy low- lands he will hardly seem like a being of the upper air. Yet, he has his aspir- ations, as we may see; the females, after being flushed and shot at, would be joined by the male and hang for hours far overhead, mere specks in tha sky, seemingly above the loftiest flights of the Buteos. 278 THE QOLOGIST, A Monthly Magazine Devoted to OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. iF. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. ALBION, N. Y. IFRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER EF. WEBB, Editors. Correspondence and items of interest to the suugent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited from all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Single Subscription - - 50¢ per annum “Sample Copies - - - - - 5¢ each “The above rates include payment of postage by us. Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c. when presented with an order of $1.25 or over Subscriptions can begin with any number Back numbers of the OoLogisr can be furnish ~ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. "Remember that the publisher must be no- tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES: 2“0 GENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. Twelve lines in every inch. SPECIAL Raves, for advertisements continued “Three months or more, per line€.....-..-...+-- 15¢ «Six months or more, per line........02-eeees 12¢ “Twelve months or more, per line..........+666 10¢ ALTERNATIVE RATES. For advertisements occupying any one issue «One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ “One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 12%¢ “One page (168 lines) or more. per line.......+-- 10¢ Cash must accompany all orders. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express «or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or ‘Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of :any denomination wiil be accepted tor sums un- der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts spayable and address all subscriptions and_com- emunications to F. oH. LATTIN & CO., Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y. -,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries sfor publication should be forwarded as early in ‘the month as possible. G@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, ee ee EES sere The American Woodcock. Mtr. Black’s note regarding the Amer. can Woodcock reminded me that I have had quite an extended acquain- tance with this peculiar and precocious bird, and as he (Mr. Black) requests further remarks on the subject I am pleased to submit the following notes: Although I have not had as much time as I should like to study the birds THE OOLOGIST. I have had the good fortune to fall in with quite a number of Woodcoeks and my notebooks contain quite an amount of interesting matter regarding them. The Woodcock on account of its re- tiring habits is rather a hard bird to study and therefore some of its most interesting and peculiar habits seem to have escaped the observations of nat- uralists. In the western states (so far as I have observed) their feeding grounds are, as a rule, in the low wet bottom lands where there is a thick growth of coarse grass and Jow bushes thus rendering it almost impossible to see the birds when they are on the ground. In the east, especially in the hilly parts, I have seen them feeding in comparitively open roads where I had very little trouble in seeing and watch- ing them. Early in April the Woodcoecks arrive in the sheltered valleys of southern Ohio and soon seatter and pair to spend the breeding season. The male bird has a habit of flying spirally up into the air, sometimes higher than the tree tops and while balancing in the air he utters a low droning and not unmusical sound, which can be heard at quite a distance. This is a call to his mate and when he alights upon the ground the female bird is sure to be near at hand to re- ceive his caresses. The birds often play in a very droll manner, running round and round each other in a small cirele, their feathers rufiled, their wings lifted and their long bills pointing nearly directly upward with their heads resting on their backs. Sometimes they will hop on one foot holding the other at a queer angle, as if it had been broken or hurt. The male bird utters a low indescribable sound during all the playing and the sight of these queer antics is worth more than to have seen Modjeska or Barrett in their celebrated plays. THE OOLOGIST. The Woodeock usually lays four, rarely five, creamy or buff colored eggs, spotted with various shades of slate and reddish brown. ; The nest is a slight depression or hollow in the ground sometimes being lined with vegetable down or some such material. From a series of six sets in my eol- lection (four being of four and two of five eggs each) the smallest eggs meas- ures 1.05x1.59 inches and the largest one measures 1.16x1.72 inches. A curious habit of the Woodcock is that of removing their eggs to another nesting site when they are disturbed while incubating. I heard of this habit from an old sportsman and afterwards verified it to my satisfaction. Finding a nest one day I disturbed the setting bird three times and again four times on the next day and on the morning of the third day I found that the birds had remoyed the eggs during the night and placed them in anew nest about eight feet away where I found the eggs. I had marked the eges to avoid any mistake. The second nest was a mere hollow in the mossy ground and was in the middle of an open place in tall marsh grass, while the first was neatly cupped and lined with the above mentioned vegetable down. Another singular habit of the Wood- cock that I have never seen noted is that of both birds setting upon the nest in wet or cold weather. In doing this they hnddle very close together and face in opposite directions and I have always noted that they have their heads thrown back and their bills elevated to an angle of about forty-five degrees. I have often seen the female bird earry the young birds In her feet and once saw a male bira doing this. Their feeding time is mostly at night- fall (dusk) or on dark cloudy days, when they may be seen moving about in a quick jerky and nervous manner 279 touching the ground with the bill and using the wings and tailasif they were drunk and were afraid of tumbling over. The bill of a Woodcock is covered with a membraneous sheath or net- work of tine nerves which enables it to easily find its food, which consists al- most entirely of slugs and worms, such as are found in bogs or low pastures. The nervous covering on the bill is so sensitive that the bird can distinguish with it, the slightest movement of a worm or slug several inches below the surface of the ground by simply touch- ing the grouud with its bill. Some- times in ‘‘oozy” places where the sur- face will shake J have seen them tap or drum lightly upon the ground with their wings to make the worms stir so that they could tell where they lay and afterward probe after them with their bills. I have often read and heard that the American Woodcock never alights up- on a fence or tree, but I know of two instances where the exception occured, not by my own observations but by the following: which were noted by my fellow-odlogist, Prof. Geo. W. Sabine, of this city. On Sept. 15, 1872, while out shooting in a grove south of Utica, N.Y., he saw aWoodeock perched upon a branch about 15 feet up in a maple tree. On Oct. 1, 1875, he “‘put up” (fiushed) a Woodcvck in Graefienburg Swamp, N. Y. The bird flew about 25 yards and alighted upon an old rail fence. Both of these instances are facts and may be set down as such as IJ have known the Professor for eleven years, and his notebook substantiates both of above statements. The above observations are taken from my field notes, some of which date back to July 3, 1878. Iam yours in the study of Birds, IsADOR S. TROSTLER, Omaha, Neb. 280 THE OOLOGIST. Nesting Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens in Travis County, Texas. BAIRD’s WREN. Thryomades bewickt iptlurus. This very interesting little bird is probab.y our most common Wren. It is found in all kinds of country, but from my observations, I think it prefers a broken country, and little patches of prairie and mesquite groves, alternat- ing with the timber. They are fussy little creatures, hard- ly ever silent, and always keeping up a querulous ‘‘chee, chee, chee. Even as early as January the males are great singers, and early on an April morning one can not go far without hearing the sweet and cheerful song of one of these little birds. In February they can be seen in pairs promenading the back yards, peering into every hole, bird-box and creyice. They seem to be often undecided as to a nesting place, for I have known a pair to start three different nests without any apparent cause. About March 15th the Baird’s Wrens begin building their nests mostly in bird-boxes or on a rafter in the barn. The nest is simply a mass of rubbish, but always softly lined. with feathers, cotton, or horse hair, Six eggs is a common comple- ment, but as Many as nine or as few as four may constitute afull clutch. The eggs are white, more or less speckled with brown of varying shades,and lilae. Sometimes the specks of reddish brown are thickly and uniformly distributed; again they are collected in a ring sur- rounding the crown or else rather larger specks of chocolate brown and _ lilac shell markings are more sparingly dis- posed. A set collected in 1890 was in a beautiful bark, and wool nest placed on top of a post in the eaves of a gal- lary. It was the largest set I ever col- lected, the number laid being nine. The eggs were of a creamy-white back- ground, and lightly specked with brown and lilac. Several albino eggs came under my notice last spring; one was immaculate white, and another was al- most white being finely specked with brown; both eggs were in sets of nor- mally colored eggs. Some of the Baird’s Wrens must spend their whole life in Austin, as they are seen all through the year flit- ting about in the gardens. CAROLINA WREN. Thryothorus ludovictianus. An abundant bird in the bottom land. The Carolina Wren is another fine singer, but spends too much time in scolding Owls and Crows. Often es- pecially in the Spring you can hear a him perched high on a topmost twig of some tall pecan tree pouring forth his melodions song. This bird cannot be particular in its choice of a nesting place, for their nests have been found in hollow logs, under the cornice of a house, in a can placed in small oak tree, and in a crevice in arock wall. I think the hollow log suits it best as Most of the nests found here were in them. ‘The nest is usually composed of twigs, grass, weeds, leaves, cotton, wool, rags, and hair, but in several in- stances I have found it to consist whol- ly of wool and hair. There is not as much variation in the eggs of this. species, as found in others. Rarely an albino is found in a clutch. The ground eolor is white, spotted thickly and fine- ly with specks of reddish brown, and salmon, with light spots of lilac, gener- ally forming an irregular ring around thelarger end. The ground color is usually concealed. Fresh eggs may be found from April Ist to May 15th. The Carolina Wren stays here in Travis. county, both winter and summer, as do, most all the breeding Wrens. JAMES M. ODELL, JR., Austin, Travis. Co., Texas. THE OOLOGIST. 281 DEATH OF BENJ. F. GOSS. Expires Suddenly at His Home in Pewaukee. Benjamin F. Goss. one of the fore- most ornithologists of this country,died at his home in Pewaukee. Wis. Thurs- day. June 6 last, aged 70 years. Death was caused by heart disease and was sudden and unexpected, though he had been in poor health for some time. Mr. Goss was born in Lancester, N. H , in 1823. He learned the printer’s trade there, and in 1841 came to Wis- consiu, where he worked at his trade in Milwaukee fora year. In 1842 he took up land in Pewaukee and engaged in farming. In 1855 he was a member of the Wisconsin assembly. At the expir- ation of his term of office he moved to Freeport, Ill., where with his brother N.S. Goss he carried on a grocery store fora year. He then went to Waverly, Iowa, and was in the real estate busi- ness fortwo years. Thenhe moved to Neosha Falls, Kas., where in company with his brother and others he bought a lot of land, laid out the town, erected mills and made extensive improvments. He remained in business there until ‘October, 1861, when he raised a com- ipany of cavalry, of which he was elect- ‘ed captain. The company was muster- ‘ed into service as Co. F, ninth Kansas cavalry, and served until January, 1865. Shortly after returning from the war Mr. Goss returned to Pewaukee where he engaged in the general mercantile business in which he continued until a few years ago when he retired but still amade Pewaukee his home. His character was of the highest, ‘thoroughly honest and reliable in every situation. His disposition was modest and retiring and his heart was kind. He enjoyed the highest respect and es- teem of all with whom he came in con- tact. As a scientist Mr. Goss takes. high rank. He was one of the foremost or- nitnologists of this country. He had a magnificent collection of birds which at his death a short time ago he bequeath- ed*to the state of Kansas. He had one of the finest collections of birds eggs outside the Smithsonian Institute. From an article written by Mary E. Stewart, a personal friend of Mr. Goss, and printed in Yenowines News three years ago, we copy the following inter- esting items concerning his scientific career: “B.F. Goss was not more than 18 years old when he began a correspon- denee with the Smithsonian Institute, Agassiz and other scientists, which has been since continued, as occasion made it desirable. His brother, Col. N. S. Goss was‘not behind him in any res- pect. Mr. Goss was entitled to the dis- tinction of Captain, but lis modesty caused him to prefer being addressed as Mr. Goss. Mr. Goss paid more particular atten- tion to the eggs, nests and nesting hab- its of birds,and Col. N.S.Goss made the birds themselves his more special study. In pursuit of this study they have trav- eled—often together—nearly all over North America, including Mexico and parts-of Cuba, besides. They worked with and for each other, and together have made such careful notes of their work as would furnish material for the most complete ornithology of North American birds extant- Mr. Goss,upon being asked why he did not publish it replied that at his age he did not wish to undertake so arduous a work, but would leave his notes for some younger man who may take sufficient interest to make such use of them. Mr. Goss at first collected for himself. but found such pleasure in it that he soon began collecting for others. I can remember well the delight 1 felt when a child on being shown a low chamber above the store, fitted wp with branches of trees: and sanded floor, and numbers of birds flying freely about and singing, or sit- ting on their nests which they had built where they pleased. Mr. Goss is very 282 THE OOLOGIST. genial, and will entertain one for hours delightfully in relating incidents and experiences in the course of his jour- neys for study. His ancedotes, collect- ed would make an interesting book. “Mr. Goss has his collection in a large pleasant room in his residence. He has given a duplicate to the Public Musuem in Milwaukee. Besides his collection of eggs, Mr. Goss has many fine specimens of butterflies, moths and beetles. He began this collection for a daughter, an only child, of whom he has since been bereaved. He continues collecting. however, to fill up the time when he cannot be ‘‘birdnesting.” His collection of eggs is now so complete that it is a rare pleasure to come across anewspecimen. He has a large cabin- et full of various specimens of interest and beauty, which he ealls Mrs. Goss’ collection.” > 4

uaa alo 262Mainst. Wake RGeR: eS THE OOLOGISY. Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals and Curiosities. Cretaceous Fossils of Eastern Monta- naa Snecialty. a WN (UMS iN Vig ScapuHirEs Nopusus, M. and H. APOLE MAIS moan Soule tae eases ee eee eee 15 AClACON ATES MU aba eee ree eee eee eee 15 Baculites ovatus ...... Callista Deweyi ...... Dentalium gracile f Lele yorbareyey yoowbayp se a ee. als Volsella Meekiis = S205) Weyer eee ree 15 WE MEN Syn oynbyom Oe) 15 IMOceramus CONVEXUS! se -20 to .75 GG Crisplis.: 2. S22 eee TS"tone5 Tuiniattiay Commelina eee eee eee Margarita Nebrasensis.... Nucula cancellata._.......... SCapPHITESMMO GUS US ye eee eee eee ee Martesiay CUuneatai. 1s) eee PUSH S GIT PS O10 eee ee Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus.. AAO AEC We es a eee 25 tO .75 Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50 Tregonucarpus | nuts (tossil) size of Hickory n i vialetta Ese URN -20 tO .26 Mossi leaves: soos yee eee 15 to .75 AG@ALES; TOU Sn ee meer 10 to .50 HS POLISHES es ee ees 25 to $2.00 California Onyx, pollshee th es Hal auc 40 to $1.75 RetoskeyvAca tei: (oi see in sees se oes 25 to .75 HOSSEIN S eee ..15 tO .75 Petrified wood ......... Li So A las 10 to .50 AAI ZEG WO OG ease cess ee noe eee eRe, 10 to .50 TOMA Eas es oes Ss sceedebcs esses soee coceeeen 10 to .25 One Y=COMMOH avalen = hee 10 to .25 Sponge lava, will float in water................ 15 to .50 Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses CAT YA ES es i Ao ee 15 to .50 Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per OLEH pee Raa GES Ege sO cs $1.50 to $2.00 Buffalo horns, per pair.................. ........50 to $1.50 Rattles from Rattlesnake: ........................ 10 to .25 Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore Ba ON Ac Soh os MRR Re aes SE GUL Sg 25 to $2.00 Small mixed shells from West Indes, per pint .50 Large Assortment of showy American and HOMIES ISMN Sie eee 10 to $5.00 each 10 ner cent discount on cash orders of $10.00 or more. Send for price lists. Homer Squyer, Mingusville, Reese NE, Montana. : at RURIRW sseaRese" 00000 SeeGnoGRernoeneesoeseeuenonescacoue waeeuse SEDSeeeeeEeeEes! i Ni um y yi VA~ \ : aw - POLOGISY, < OD) > % geese TESTO ONO Tee Te TESTE a \ Ga8 ANG Monthiy. e0 50c. per Year. 8 VOL. X. ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1898. Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘“Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 50c per 35 words. word. Nonotice inserted for less than 50c. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. ‘“‘DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ‘-Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only and according to conditions stated thereon. NOTICE.—Will exchange Prize Winning Sil- ver Laced Wyandott chicken. for any kind of hunting dog or gun. WALTER TEAGLE, 1625 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. FOR EXCHANGE.—One three dollar Magic Lantern with six slides, will exchange for either stamps, old coins, Indian relics, shells birds eggs. stuffed birds, ete. Address, CHAS. C. TRYON, Avoca, Towa. WANTED.—A 2d hand copy of ‘‘Coues Key; . write, stating condition, edition and lowest Cash price, to BERTON A. GARRETT, Ball- ston Spa, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.—First-class singles for sets with data. Will sell at one-half catalogue rates. Send lists. A.A. SCHOENHEIT, Box 386, San Jose, Cal. WANTED.—U.S. stamps and Rugby foot- ball, have to ex. for same eggs. singles. R. V. N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland, Vt. FOR EXCHANGE.—A few’ first-class sets from this locality. would be pleased to hear from my old correspondents. C. B. JOHNSCN, Redwing, Minn. FOR EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles to ex- change for same. RALPH MATTESON, 114 EK. North St., Galesburg, Il. I HAVE eggs (singles) to ex. for good U. S. or Department stamps, alsoa few stamps for Same, R. V. N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland,Vt. ATTENTION! Will exchange cash or equal value for Old U. S. stamps. Indian relies. Con- federate script, obsolete State Bank Notes, ete. Describe fully. ARTHUR LOHMAN, Two Riveys, Wise. EXCHANGE ;—150 Golden Days, Automatic Revolver, Hunting Knife, Sele Shot-gun.dark lantern, fishing tackle, and 2 cartrid ge belts, 32 and 22 cal. Iwant 32 center fire single rifle, Marlin Repeater or Insertion barr-l, eggs. skins or locks, Merwin, Hulburt, Combined Shot gun and rifie preferred. All answered. HORACE FELL, 3658 Dearborn St., Chicago, EXCH ANGE.—First-class skins male and fe- male ofBlackSkimmer, Laughing Gull,Ccommon and Forster’s Terns. For Revolver or small Rite. THEODORE W. RICHARDS. M. D.. Columbia Road, Washington, D. C. FOR SALE.—Collection of 550 rare stamps valued 3c. to 15c., all valued over $16.00; sell for best offer Cash. Best references. All an- swered. Collector of Everything. Best Ex- changes.’ Correspondence wanted. Send ex- change offers. ARCHIE L. GOWEY, JR.. Dr- PERE, Wis. I HAVE several books on Geology. Zoology and Botany to exchange for books on Ornithol- ogy and Oology. ‘ Write me for particulars. PAUL B. DUNGAN, Hastings, Neb. STAMPS—25 varicties foreign stamps for ten varieties from one country. A specimen Helix (Aglaia) Fidelis (Gray) for 50 varieties foreign Stata Ds: FRED H. ANDRUS, Elkton, Douglas Co., Ore. FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs to ex- change for same with full data or for any other curiosities. All letters answered; no cards wanted. J.S. & A. PYFER, Odell, Ne r. MUST SELL AT ONCE. My whole col- lection of eggs. about 75 varieties, valued at $25, in sets with datas. and a few singles, in- cluding No’s 685, 656, 580, 579. 572, 571. 557, 498, 351, 324, 312, 306, 301. 251. 122, 36, ete. Will sell for best offer over $8. Write at once to, W. H. ASPINWALL, 1305 Riggs St.,Washington,D.C. EXCHANGE.—For best offer of Columbian postage stamps. Dante’s Inferno 74 illustra- tions. Bible Gallery 100 illustrations, both 10x12 in., Medical Adviser 1008 pages illustrated. Milton’s Paradise lost illustrated. Address. THEODORE GINGO, Bernard, Dub. Co., Iowa. TO EXCHANGE.—One Tin type camera and one Steven’s pistol 22 cal. Will sell for cash or exchange for ‘“‘Columbian” stamps or Indian relics. Have some rare Confederate stamps Will sell at 12 Catalogue rates. Agents 50 per cent. commission. Willpay cash for cancelled Columbian Stamps. Write for my price list. W. C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala, 290 A FERRET is wanted by WILLIE LABOR, 798 Ist Ave., Lansingburg, N. Y. WANTED.—A pair of strapped climbing jrons ih good condition Will give inex°hange first-class sets with data of Long-eared Owl 1-4, Cooper’s Hawk 1-4 and Red-tail Hawk 1-3. All answered. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Sum- mit Ave., St. Paul, Minn. WANTED.—To exchange Ist Class sets of eggs with data of Southern Californian birds with collectors of other localties. E. A. SHIVER, 2)42 4th St., San Diego, Calif. FOR SALE—My collection of birds eggs, sets and singles, and shells (mostly land.) Value about one hundred dollars ($100.00), few dupli- cates. Those meaning business, enclose stamp for list. No exchange. FRED H. ANDRUS, Elkton, Douglas Co., Ore. “Dp Wlute. Ger. Silver Trimmed. Cost $8, for, Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Manuel, or other book on Oology or cash, $5.00. C. F. STONE, Branchport, N. Y. FOR EVERY perfect Indian Bird Arrow Point sent me. I will send a well polished spec: - men of Orange Wood, MORSE HUMHE, Dear- born. Mich. HAVE several lbs. minerals and fossils also enriosities nests, few eggs, coins. etc., not sold yet. Willgo cheap for cash. Clarionet in A. {.. P. body type in good condition. R.M. DAL- RYMPLE, Baker, O. CHOICH STAMPS to exchange for eggs in sets and singles. Will give good exchange for copy of Coues’ Key, also cash for same. Send offers. EF. McKay, Girard, Kan. é SAY YOU! Wait a Minute! Every one sending me $t I will send free by registered mail 1 Confederate stamp listed at $3; or for 20c. I will send one lisited at 50c. Old .U. S. stampsfor sale cheap. Agents send for my approved sheets 50 per cent. commission. I will pay cash for cancelled Columbian stamps. W.C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala. NOTICE.—I have two Emue eggs to trade, one for best offer in eggs, (Singles) and the other for best offer in tree climbers. W. H. HILGLER, 147 W. 238d St., Los Angeles, Calif. WILL exchange a 3c. green playing cards valued at 2.50 for best offer in eggs. SAMUEL BARLBEU, Rising Sun, Md. I HAVE a fine collection of strictly first-class sets for sale at two-fifths New Standard Cata- logue prices. Parties meaning business write for lists. No attention paid to cards. L. J. DRENNAN. New Sharon, Iowa. FOR EXCHANGE.—6 doz Monroe Ink Eras- ing Pencils, also 4 of the Large Columbian Watches, gold plated, value $1.50e a, just the thing for collectors. Send list to pick from. CHARLES TUCKER, 84 St. Gregory St., Mt. Adams, Cincinnati, Ohio. A selected nest anda Set of two eggs, with fulland original data of Black-chinned Hum- mingbird sent postpaid for % .65. Ihave a few sets of 4% 44 Arctic Terns left at $ .06 per egg. A set of each Roseate, Common and Arctic Terns for $ .88. The holes in these eggs are a trifle large and I have decided to closes them out at cost. Five first-class bird Skins, no two alike, tor $ .55. Everything postpaid, JAMES P, BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. THE OOLOGIST. WANTED at once, 10,000 skins of the honest grade, called “‘trash” and ‘‘sweepings.” This grade of skins are not fit for cabinets or Col- lections, and collectors who have any on hand they would like to exchange for good. first-class specimens, please write stating how many you have. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. FOR SALE or EXCHANGH.—Large number mounted birds, first-class work. correspon- dence solicited. WM. MICHELFELDER, Tax- idermist, Elizabeth, N. J. WANTED.—Spear Head Tobacco Tags, ~ will give good value for same,in all kinds of Natur- al History specimens. A. MOWBRAY SEM- PLE, Poynette, Wis. DAVIE’S Nests and Eggs,paper, last edition; Birds of Minnesota, by Hatch, Lattin’s Stand- ard Catalogue, and various O. and O. papers to exchange for books on Ornithology. WM. H. FISHER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore. Md. I HAVE a collection of California and East- ern eggs in sets with complete data amounting to $92. catalogue prices, and singles worth $11; a Coues’ Key in fine condition and Davie’s Nests and Eggs, clothbound as good as new, in latest edition; also Taxidermist and Oolo- gical tools. nests, etc. Will sell for best offer in cash or a good revolver. Would sell’ books, collection of singles, etc. senarately. All an- swered. Nocards, WM. J. ROLEER, San Ber nardino, Calif. WANTED.—Spearhead Tobacco Tags in lots of 10 or more. Will give loz. garnet sand, or 25 Periwinkles from Lake Erie for every 10 sent. A. R. OGDEN, Brocton, N. Y. A BARGAIN.—Collection tube 38 cal. for 12 ga. gun, 100 brass shells, loader, wad.cutter de- capper and 200 primers. As goodas new. Will sell cheap. E. B. SCHRAGEH, Pontiac, Mich. WANTED.—Old Glory Cheroot certificates, will give foreign stamps, Chines? coins and eggs, or will pay 10 cts.each for same. F. R. NOBLE, Nashville, Tenn. WANTED. Orders for birds in the meat. During the winter months I can furnish many birds—20 kinds of ducks. hawks, owls, ete.. etc., - at very low rates. Send for price list. W. R. BROWN, Milton, Wis. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Vols. 1, 2,3, 4 andd“The Auk” bound. Vols. 6 and 7 un- bound. Vols. 1,2 and 3 ‘‘Random Notes on Na- tural History.” Vols. 1 YOUNG OOLOGIST and 6.7, 8,9 and 10to date OOLOGIST: also the A. O. U. Code and Check list. HOWARD H. MC- ADAMS, Oak Bay, N. B. FOR EXCHANGE. I have the following sets to exchange for Sets not in my collection. Meadow-Lark 1-5, Black Vulture 1-2,Chachalaca 1-3, Yell. bil. Cuckoo 1-4 1-5. Cardinal 1-4. Red- wing Blackbird 1-4, Brown Thrasher .-4,Mourn- ing Dove 1-2, Catbird 1-38, Blue Grosbeak 1-8, Yell. Breasted Chat 1-4, Crow 1-4. Green Heron 1-4, Field Lark 1-4. English Sparrow 1-4. JAMES NEWELL, JR., Carthage, Mo. WANTED.—To exchange a collection of birds eggs value $75. or more, between 200 and 300 var- ieties, about 600 in all, part are second class in that they are end blown. Also some rare U.S. stamps and Indian relics, ete., Books, Papers and everything used by a taxidermist or oolo- gist. All for a good safety bicycle, gun, pistol. or will sell for cash. A great bargain. Address, ARTHUR DUGAN, First National Bank, West Point, Miss. THE OOLOGIST. WANTED.—A collection of perfect Indian arrow heads. with proper data, from New Eng- land States. Upper or Lower Canada. State terms. L. P. WILLIAMS, Redlands, Cal. NOTICE.—Persons having any U. S. Colum- bian postage stamps of the higher values to ex- change for U. S. stamps, Indian relics. etc.; or to sell, should write to GUY JOHNSTON, Eagle Hotel, Grand Rapids, Mich. I HAVE several founts of type, in good con- dition, and Century Magazine to exchange for eges in sets, Shot Gun, Rifle, Davie’s Key, etc. ROY CRIHFIELD, Avlanta, Ill. ILLINOIS. I would like the names and ad- dress of all interested in Ornithology and Oolo- gy, who have not already had correspondence With me, located in the northwestern and th eastern south central of this State, also from near the above from adjacent States. W. 4. LOUCKS, Peoria, Ills. KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new upon which the seal has never been broken and loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry- ing case. Cost $32.50. Will exchange for Side- board of equal value, or sell for $25.00 cash. ee ERaNE H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans Ov Nes. NOTICE.—I have Ridgway’s Manual, Ridg- way’s Nomenclature of Colors, Langille’s Our Birds in Haunts, Davie’s Nests and Eggs of N. A. Birds, Burrough’s works, Miller’s In Nest- ing Time, and other books on Ornithology for sale cheap for cash or exchange for books on Human Anatomy or Physiology. Make an of-” fer. EDW. P. CARLTON, 1019 University Ave., Madison, Wis. “INSTITUTIONES REI HARBARIA:” 3 large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719. Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III, each contain about 250 pages of illustrations. Will exchange for $10.00 with of standard books on Natural History (ornithology preferred) on back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN, , Albion, N. Y. THE NIDIOLOGIST is the only illustrated monthly magazine of ornithology in America. Each issue contains four or five, or more, beau- tiful reproductions of nesting sites or of living . birds, with articles of striking interest from the best Collectors and ornithologists; 16 pages and cover; one dollar per year, with free exchange notice. Some of the illustrated articles which have already appeared are: A Rookery of the Man-o-war Bird, Nesting of Nuttall’sWoodpeck- er, A Trip to the Farallone Islands, Nesting of the Cinnamon Teal, A Rookery of the Great Blue Heron, Dr. Morris Gibbs (half-tone por- trait), Nesting of the Mallard Duck, Nesting of the Flamingo. Prominent among articles in the December number, will be one by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt on ‘“‘Remodeling the Great Auk’ (3 half-tones of Great Auk and King Penguinns.) Says Robert Ridgway, ‘I like your magazine very much. The illustrations are particularly valuable.’ A sample copy to you for 10 cents, Silver; but better subscribe now and get the back numbers while they last. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or NIDIOLOGIST. Alameda, Calif. H.-H. & C- S. Brimley, Collectors, Raleigh, N.C. First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists, 291 COUES’ “KEY TON. A. BIRDS,” which we send prepaid for $7.50 would make one of the most desirable Xmus Gifts you could possibly make a Bird-loving Friend. This would ap- ply equally well to either of the following stan- dard publications: Ridgway’s ‘Manual of N. A. Birds,” at $7.50. Goss’s ‘‘Birds of Kansas,” at $6.00. Hornaday’s ‘Taxidermy and Zoologi- cal Collecting,” at $2.50. Langille’s “Our Birds in their Haunts,” at $2.25. Davie’s ‘Nests and Begs of N. A. Birds,” cloth. at $1.75. Or better still, Capt. Bendire’s new ‘Life Histories of N. A. Birds,’ PartI, at $10.00. Or the OOLOGIST for 1892, bound in cloth at $1.00. We can fur- nish any of these and many others. F. H. LATTIN &. CO., Albion. N. Y., or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills. TR AYS If you want any of those extra ie heavy alligator covered square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any size from 3 in.x3 in. to 8in.x 8in. We will ship by express at your expense in well assorted nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if you order special sizes and do not leave the assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per 100 or $15.00 per 1000. ; Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, are less than cost. Weean furnish 3in.x3in..4in.x4 in.,5in.xd5in., 6 in.x6 in.. 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in. Order Quick if you want any of the World’s Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. Can coin big money. Bran new plan. .Great craze. Just out. “Good side line.” Biggest chance © ever offered agents.salary or Com- Goods mission. Be quick. on credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUL- TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust,Phila.,Pa. Circulars Cents Printed. ! per foresee: {O00 For particulars address A.M. EDDY, Specialty Printer, Albion, N.Y. M Made in all styles and sizes, Lightest, x strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, fF Hl most accurate, most compact, and most @ modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. Catalogues mailed free by The Marlin Fire Arms Co., NEw HAven, Conn., U.S. Tae $10,000 "am IE In Shells, Curios, Specimens, and Souvenir Goods during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and this stock is a Surplus one. The above hits our case exactly and we have more “than. this amount ‘‘tied up’ insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the expense of shipping them there. If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, $25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 50 per cent. Less «_ Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.» Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. Address us.at either: Albion, N. Y.,,or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will pay you. Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO. _ THE OOLOGIST. VOL. X. ALBION, N Some Notes on the Wild Turkey. One of the greatest gifts which Amer- ica has bestowed upon the world is the Turkey. We are told that it was first taken from this country by aSpaniard who in ‘the sixteenth century removed a few from Mexico to Spain. Afterwards it was imported into France and England. These magnificent birds were once dis- tributed generally throughout Eastern and Central United States; but being such large and handsome game birds their forms have disappeared from many parts of our country. A good many years ago when this portion of North Carolina was new, Turkeys were abundant. But the single farms be- came settlements and settlements grew to towns, and as time went on the coun- try became more and more thickly peo- pled. As white men increased Turkeys decreased. Some years ago by a new stock law all cattle were obliged to be kept up instead of being allowed to run at large as they had hitberto done. “This was the salvation of the Turkey, for a time at least. The old out-lying sage fields were no longer burned over to provide fresh pasture lands, and the long grass and underbrush that had been kept down by the cattle sprang up thickly, thus affording cover for the ‘persecuted fowls. Their numbers in this section have since then increased. I have even shot at wild Turkeys in the Spring within sound of the college bell. An old hunter named Jessup with his two sons, living a few miles north of here, for the last four or five years kill- ed forty or fifty Turkeys each season. One of the boys alone bagged over thir- ty Jast winter. They report, however, that each winter they are obliged to go S NG UNKON AG leh}. NO. 11 farther and hunt closer than was nec- essary the winter before. During the Christmas holidays of ‘91 three of the students and myself who remained over for the spring term, started off for a Turkey hunt. I was promised all the Turkeys that should be killed by the party for specimens. Our plan was to reach Jessup’s about dark, get one of the boys to accompany us, push on four or five miles into the very heart of the Turkey country and camp for the night in the woods. Arriving at the old ‘‘Tar-heel’s” house a little after dark, the old gentleman amuse us by telling of his war experiences, while Dan was busy loading his shells. After half an hourspent in relating thrilling adventures, he paused and sat looking into the fire fighting over again in his mind the battles of ’63 and ’64. One of the boys taking advantage of the sil- ence said, “Mr. Jessup were you in the battle of Marathon?” ‘Wall no,’ re- plied the old man, ‘‘I war in Lee’s army and dat battle wer fought: over in Vir- ginia somewhar, I heared about hit at ~ de time.”’— Just at daybreak next morning Dan and myself parted’ company in the woods. I crossed a creek and went up on the hill according to his directions, while he went farther down. The other three men were posted back up the creek. Upon reaching the heavy growth of pines to which I had heen directed, I threw myself down upon the pine needles, Jet my heels kick about in the air and munched the re- menants of my last biscuit. Only a few’ minutes had elapsed when there was a sound of heavy flapping and three ereat birds sailed by; one alighting in a tree within ten yards of where I lay; the other two passed farther up the ereek and likewise lit. Cautiously ris- 294 ing and taking rest on the side of a tree an ounce and a half of large shot was soon whizzing full at it’s breast. Rush- ing out from under the smoke with ex- tended arms prepared to catch it as it fell l was somewhat surprised not to say shocked to see my bird flopping off over the tree tops and on up the creek after the others. Presently Dan came by and went on up the creek. Ina few minutes his gun spoke and a little later he fired again. Before long he appeared carrying a fine Turkey hen by the neck. Upon approaching he remarked, Gillie, here is a fine Turkey for you to stuff, *hant hurt a bit for stufftin, I shot her in the head a purpose for yon.’ The back of the head and skin for four inches down the neck was all shot away,—a nice specimen indeed. It began drizzling rain soon and al- though Turkeys were seen twice after this, luck for the day was gone. The tail ef that Turkey hen I still preserve as a memento of the trip. Last Novem- ber, the day before Thanksgiving, Dan drove up in his spring wagon with a handsome pair of Turkeys. So all Thanksgiving day and for two succeed- ing days there were the sounds of nail- ing, filing, and other sounds which ac- company the mounting of large birds. The measurements of the ma e were as follows, length 47 inches, extended wings 62 inches, tail 17 inches, spurs 1 inch, weight twenty-four hours after being killed 16 pounds. The other was a young bird weighing only 8 pounds. T. GILBERT PEARSON, Guilford College, N.C. Raptores of Michigan. By SCOLOPAX. AMERICAN ROUGH-LEGGED Hawk. Ar- chibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmel) This largest of our Hawks can never be considered as common in our state, and though all collectors of experience have THE OOLOG.ST. met with it, yet there are two or three published lists of Michigan birds which fail to embrace it. It has been known here since Sager’s pioneer list was pub- lished in 1839, and has been recorded in nearly all the more recent catalogues of Michigan birds as well as by Dr. Miles, 1860. Only one authority, Covert, gives this Hawk as ‘‘very common ‘in the fall,” which is undoubtedly an error. I do not think the bird is ever common in our state. It is evidently a transient with us, appearing in February, March and into April on its way north, and aindoubtedly passing to the extreme. north, or at least into British territory to breed. Returning south it is more common in November, but is found in October and also in December. My lamented friend Dr. Atkins re- ported finding a nest of this Hawk in Ingham Co., May 18, 1876 but the note is not reliable, the doctor having evidently erred in his identification. Ludwig Kumlein of Milton College, Wisconsin also reports finding two nests in Wisconsin. It is fair to say that this Hawk does not nest in the Great Lake Region in the States, if at all, at least so rarely that nothing is known of its breeding habits in Michigan or adjacent states. Mr. R. MacFarlane took a set of two eggs June 9, 1864 on the Anderson River in Arctic America and everything in- dicates that the species nests at least north of the fiftieth parallel. Jerome Trombley records this Hawk as an occasioual spring visitor to Mon- roe County in the south-eastern corner of the state. Later he says in direct contradicton. ‘‘Rare, and only in winter.’ A. H. Boies captured a spec- imen in Lenawee County, Noy. 5, 1879. In Kalamazoo County it has been taken as late as April 17thin the spring and on December 22d in the fall migrations. A large female specimen brought to me in the winter contained all the parts of THE OOLOGIST. 295, a full-sized red squirrel which had been but slightly mutilated. It has been rec- orded from Iron Mountain, U. P- Oct. 20, 92. S.E. White records the bird from Kent County and Macinac Island. We can safely say that this Hawk is quite generally distributed over our state both spring and fall; and it is equally fair to assert that it is very rarely or never seen within our bound- aries in Jnne, July and August. Col- lectors of Michigan know nothing of its eggs. GOLDEN EAGLE, Aquills chrysaetos (Linn). The earlier lists do not em- brace this Eagle as a Michigan species. Sager, 1839 and Miles 1860 both omit it in the Geological Report of the State. D. D. Hughes records the capture of two specimens. Many records have reached me which I feel unsafe in giv- ing, for 1 am aware that the error is not rarely made of mistaking the im- mature (total brown) plumage of the Bald Eagle for the Golden. This is so common a mistake that I will mention a mark of identity so that your readers will not fall into the same error. In the Golden Eagle the tarsus, which is exposed in the Bald Eagle, is feathered to the toes. This bird though a rare straggler frony the North, has been taken often enough in various parts of the State, to the extreme Southern border, to con- vince us that it is quite well distributed in its wanderings. Butler in his ‘Birds of Indiana’ credits it as a ‘‘winter vis- itor’’ in that state. One authet vives it the probabili y of nesting in our Upper eninsula, which seems reasonable when we learn that ‘sEagle is known to be a resi- dent in aine, New Hampshire and Vermont. None of these states extend as far north as Michigan; however it must be borne in mind that there are many mountain sections in New Eng- land, whereas the Eagles who prefer such a surface, are denied territory of this nature in the Peninsular State. As soon as records can be regularly made in May and June it will be fair to consider the Golden Eagle a resident but as long as the captures range from November to March only we must doubt the propriety of recording it as breed- ing. BALD EAGLE; WHITE-HEADED EAGLE, Hualiwetus leucocephalus. (Linn). This majestic bird is comparitively well known to all veteran collectors and hunters, for,although it is now generally a straggler, or, perhaps, we may say, migrant, or transient in Michigan,south of the 48d parallel, still itis seen often enough, more particularly in the autumn, to be looked upon as a bird of even our southern boundary. I have heard so many stories about Eagle’s nests within a few miles of this city that I do not feel like disputing the as- sertions; still all of the reported nesting sites which I have looked up have prov- en to be deserted. There is no doubt that the Bald-headed Eagle once reared its young about the lakes of the interior of the extreme southern part of the state as it is now found breeding at the north. Butler in his ‘Birds of Indiana’ says that this Eagle is still locally dis- tributed in that state, and reports that it has been found nesting in six coun- ties. Young were taken in Ingham County Michigan and the birds raised to matur- ity by Professor W. K. Kedzie of the Agricultural College. At the north the birds are well known and numerous in- stances of nesting are recorded. As an illustration of the variation in the nest- ing time of birds in different localities the following notes are offered: In March, 1891 two full-grown young Bald Eagles were shown me in confinement on the Indian River, Florida. When we consider the time required to hatch the eggs and bring the nestlings to this advanced stage, at least twelve to four- 296 teen weeks, we may assert that the first egg was laid by December first. In late July of the same year I saw an equal sized pair of young Eagles which were but just removed fromthe nest on the Cheneaux Islands, Macinac Straits in the Great, Lakes. These instances show difference of three to four months in the time of nesting between Northern Mich- igan and Middle Florida. AMBRICAN BARN Owl, Sérix pratin- colv Bonaparte. Thisis a rare Michi- gan species and I cannot add any notes concerning it as I have never met with the bird. Jam perfectly satished hat a humber of notes which have been given me by inaccurate observers, re- ferred to some other species, more pro- bably the Barred Owl. A. H. Boies records it from Southern Michigan and says it is a resident. Cov- ert mentions this Owl.as ‘‘an acciden al visitor.’ J. D. Allen shot one in Va Buren County. Chas. E. Bendire in the Smithsonian Contribution to Know- -ledge, Vol. xxviii p. 825 says this Owl is found at Saul Ste. Marie. It is highly probable that the Barn Owl is only a strageler within our boundaries. AMBPRICAN LONG-EARED Owl, —+ With the Prairie Warbler. By THEODORE W. RicHARDS, M. D. Of the various birds breeding here- abouts which from an Odlogist’s stand- point may be called ‘‘desirable’’ none can be found to better advantage than the Prairie Warbler. Arriving about the third week in April they soon be- come fairly common,and although many are but transients bound further north enough remain throughout the summer to make them the most numerous fam- ily, excepting of course the ever present Summer Warbler and perhaps the Black and White Creeper. But in spite of their numbers they are far from con- spicuous for besides their shy and re- tiring ways they are decidedly local in distribution and are prone to monopol- ize certain chosen spots to the entire ex- clusion of many others apparently quite as desirable. And thisis a trait, by the way, often noticeable in.a less degree with many other birds not com- monly regarded as sociable or inclined to colonize. I have no doubt this is largely a matter of food supply some places being more infested with their icsect prey than others. Once having located such a place dur- ing the breeding season the finding of the nests themselves is a matter of little difficulty to the ardent collector who has properly cultivated his ‘‘odlogieal eye,’’? and I shall always remember with keenest pleasure my first experience in such a spot. A large hilly field*had be- come overgrown with low, thick, serub 298 by oak and hickory saplings with here ‘and there a small pine shrub, the whole forming a perfect paradiso for the Prairies, whose queer little wiry notes ‘could constantly be heard. These notes are quite characteristic and easily re- cognized and are apt to be the only clue ‘to the auther’s whereabouts, for discolor evidently has no wish to be ‘‘seen and not heard,’’ but quite the reverse. In their choice of nesting sites they again show little diversity, for with few exceptions the nests are built within five or six feet of the ground, usually in an upright crotch of three branches rather than two. One nest, the first found, was within one foot and a half of the ground. JI may mention here, however, a case coming under my ob- servation in north-eastern Pennsylvania which is quite exceptional so far as my experience runs, namely a gnest of this species in the very tip top of a maple, at least fifty feet high. It was quite in- visible from the ground and was only discovered by chance during an unsuc- -cesful prey upon a pair of Hummers, whose bunch of lichen, alas, was unas- sailable by anything short of wings. Although in the locality referred to above most of our specimens were tak- en in the hardwood saplings, a large proportion of the scattering pines also held nests. While as has been mentioned the birds are usually shy and retiring, they are fearless enough when the nest is onee obviously discovered, and once they decide upon a nesting site they cling to it with great attachment, for though we frequently disturbed them while building or flured them from in- ‘complete sets in no instance did the parents abandon nest or eggs as so fre- quently happens with some species. The nests themselves are quite firm and compact but hardly so neatly put together as one would expect from such trim little housekeepers, and usually there was little trouble in distinguish- THE OOLOGIST. ing them from those of the Summer Yellow Bird, which also nested abund- antly. The number of eggs was four ex- cept two sets of three, no nest holding five though according to most collectors this is not uncommon. As last season J had no opportunity to visit my Prairies, next year I will pay them special attention to attone for my apparent neglect. Migration. The so called migratory instinet in birds has occasioned much speculation among thoughtful persons. A great deal has been written on this subject, but the basis of truth, I believe, has not, as yet, been satisfactorily reached. It is a remarkable and a well established fact that certain birds journey from one locality to another at particular sea- sons of the year and also that a period- icity of motion is observed. In fact, custom has made this periodical return of the birds of passage to there old haunts so certain that ornithologists are able to forecast, within afew days, the time such and such birds are to arrive. Further that the motion of many of the migratory birds is augmented or re- tarded, according to circumstances, by meteorological changes, has been sub- stantially corroborated. That knowl- edge and reason are used by the birds during their migrations is very evident, but it has been found necessary, as a rule, to revert to instinet to account for the fundimentalimpetus which governs their seasonal movement. When we observe or learn of the movements of the Bald Eagle, the Os- prey or any of the other large birds which habitually frequent the sea-coast or large water courses we do not won- der that they are able to winter ina semi-tropical clime and to return to their old breeding places in the spring. These birds can easily follow the sea - THE COLOGIST. 299 ‘coast in the eastand west, and the great river and its tributaries in the Mississ- ippi valley. But when instances come to our notice that the minute hummers have been known to return to the same tree ufter wintering in the far south we vannot do otherwise than to marvel thereat. Then we recall to mind the story that is told of a stork that was captured on or near its nest in Germany. The cap- tor put a copper band bearing date, town and country on the bird’s leg and then the prisoner was liberated. This was astrange thing to do but it was pro- ductive of a wonderful result. The next spring a stork returned to the same German breeding place and the captor of the previous year caught the newly arrived bird. The captor was much surprised to note that the new comer bore two copper bands on one leg. The first was the ring put on the year before, and it showed that the intelli- gent bird had returned to his old home. The second band told where the stork had been. An inscription on the ring read as follows ‘ India sends greeting to Germany.’ This evidenced the fact that the bird had been subjected to the indignity of capture in his Indian home, and there burdened with a second band. The first, no doubt, instigated the put- ting on of the second. Many wonderful espisodes of bird life, bearing on migration, might be mentioned but space forbids. Now as to the primary canse of the impulse which starts the birds to seek a change of climate. No doubt but what there is an occult sense possessed by them that we are unacqnainted with, and it must be very acute as it evidences a very delicate perception of thermal and moisture air currents. This sense is particularly apparent among the sea- birds, as some species are iniallable harbingers of an approaching stcrm. Old sailors often have more faith in them as prognosticators, than in the most modern barometers. To advance my theory regarding the aforementioned reason and knowledge as displayed by the migratory birds, I will say that they know that their heat and light are delivered from the sun; they know that when the solar orb ap-. parently sinks below the western hor- izon that the light is soon superceded by darkness and that a lower temper- ature is to prevail; they know that when the sun again appears daylight and warmth returns. When after the sum- mer solstic the great master of our sys- tem seems to recede, the factis noticed by them, and when the nights get too cold in the autumn the migratory birds move towards the apperantly retrograd- ing orb until a zone of warmth suflici- ent to satiate there bodily needs is reached. Of course, the sun all of the time appears to move from east to west but the birds know that his path across the sky lies to the south, and so they intelligently journey in that direction. A great deal of migrating is done by night wnen the sun is absent and the birds cannot then use him for their guide, but we will assume that they are able to maintain the general direc- tion of the great autumnal migration even if their shining light does divide his time with them and their antipodal congeners: In the spring when the sun seems to _ be moving north, the birds of passage, when the heat becomes too great for their comfort, move away from the solar orb until a clime congenial to them physically is reached, which rep- resents their northern or southern home. 5; The time and departure of the various Species is probably governed by their constitutions. That is, those that stay the latest in autumn and arrive first in the spring are the most hardy birds. Certain northern birds such as the Pine Grosbeak, Northern Waxwing, Crossbills etc. are only seen in south- ern New England in extremely cold winters. 300 THE OOLOGIST. An abundance of some particular food often detains certain birds in the locality where it occurs, but in general the movements of the feathered tribe are influenced by heat and cold, and I think facts will support my thory that the sun isthe guide of the migratory birds in the great spring and autumn movements. The ingress of cold air with a wind from the north, and the influx of warm eurrents with southern breezes may teach the birds something, also change of folige, and old experienced birds may assist their youngar companions in migrating, but these are but minor influences, in comparison with that potent force exerted by our great cen- tral luminary. > + Sharp-shinned Hawk. Of the sworn enemies to the farmer, among this class of birds one of the most prominent is the Sharp-shined Hawk (Aceipiter velox). It’s distribu- tion may be said to generally corres- pond to that of it’s victim, the farmer, and in spite of all the persecution he endeavors to heap upon it the little Hawk continues to prosper and multi- ply, and is found distributea all over the United States, the British provin- ees, and is said to have even reached the icy regions of the Artic circle. The food of the Sharp-shinned Hawk consists mainly of small birds which it devours in large numbers, including the English Sparrow, certainly a re- deeming trait for the Hawk. This Hawk begins to nest in this loc- ality about the middle of May, gener- ally selecting as a building site some one of our coniferous trees, such as hemlock or cedar. It has also been claimed that this species will occasion- ally nidificate on rocks and in the cava- ties of trees. The first set of eggs of the Sharp- shined Hawk that I ever obtained was during the season of 1889 in Chester county, Pa. A friend and myself had . long searched for a set of eggs of this bird but our efforts: had always been in vain, until one day I was able to an- nounce to him that [had found a pair of Sharp-shinned Hawks building, he de- clared that I was mistaken ‘it was some other bird,’’ he said ‘‘probably a Coop- er’s Hawk.’’ However, I paid, oceas- ional visits to the locality, watched the birds and on May 28d, my friend ac- companing me went to the place, looal- ly known as Cedar Woods, and ob- tained a fine set of four eggs of the Sharp-shinned Hawk. The nest was placed in a cedar tree, about twenty feet up, and composed entirely of small twigs, with a ‘slight depression on the top to receive the eggs. Some writers assert that leaves, grass, moss, ete. enter into the composition of the nest but such was not the case in this one I found. Nests that I have since seen were built in the manner of the one above. The Sharp-shinned Havk is quite plentiful in Pennsylvania but can hard- ly be called common as a breeding bird, at least itis not so in this portion of the State. I know of but three other sets haying been taken in Chester county, two sets of five eggs each by Dr. Warren, State Ornithologist, and one set of three eggs by Mr. Thos. H. Jackson of West Chester. W. E. Rorzet, M. D. Narberth, Pa. >t t Bluebirds of California. The Bluebirds are’ represented inCali- fornia by-two species, Sialia mexicana and S. arctica; the latter of which is rather the scarcer. In this, the south ern part of the State, they both nest in the mountains, but during the winter they come down into the village. Here they generally frequent the orchards and vineyards, especially the vineyards, but very seldom if ever do they, as east- ern birds, come around human _ habita- tion. The time of their migration seems to be governed by the weather of the mountains, for soon after the first snow in the moutains, they, with the Robins, are to be found in the village. Rost. E. SNODGRASS, Ontario, Cal. The Texas Sea-side Finch. April 19, 1892 found me in a large salt marsh looking for Sparrow nests. After a two mile tramp one nest was found, containing four fresh eggs. The ground color is white showing the faintest tinge of green; the markings are small dots sprinkled over the entire egg, mostly, however, at the larger end, of a red- brown color. The nest was loosely made of dead grass, lined with finer, and was very neatly worked in the heart of a tussock of salt grass, 11 in- ches above the water, which was four inches deep. Externally. the nest meas- ured 4¢ inches in diameter by 3 inches high; walls 14 inches thick; bottom 1% inches thick. Inside measured 2 inches diameter by 1+ inches deep. Very often the high spring tides wash the nest away, but nothing daunted the birds build a new nest, weaving it in the tops of rank grass or rushes, and if in the latter, using the leaves to dome the nest, or rather make a rainproof roof for it. When placed in this posi- tion the nests are hard to find, as they are woven of green grass in the shape of a ball, with the entrance on one side near the top. Asa general thing they prefer thick grass growing on edge of a small bayou. W. E. GROVER! Galveston, Texas. 302 Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven, Baltimore Cc-, Md. Lake Roland, one of our Reservoirs, is situated seven milesfrom Baltimore, on the line of the Northern Central railroad. The elevation of water sur- face is 225 feet above tide water and at high water level it covers an area of 116 acres. It is supplied by seven streams, vary- ing in size from one of only a few inch- es in width to one of about twenty feet wide. It is well stocked with Black Bass and Carp, but they get so much natural food that it is slow sport fishing for them. The long drouth in August aud Sep- tember of the present year (1893) made the water reach a low level of 12 ft. 9 in. below its normal depth, and laid bare a large expanse of mud flats about the upper end. These have been cov- ered all summer by Shore birds of var- ious kinds. Another of our Reservoirs is Loch Raven, which is about 114 miles from Baltimore and is an enlargement of the Gunpowder Falls, formed by damming it up. The following are some of the birds noted at the two lakes from time to time, between August 19th to Septem- ber 4th. Podilymbus podiceps. Pied-billed Grebe. Three small Grebes were seen about 200 yards out on the lake and I took them to be of this kind. Sterna antillarum. Least Tern.— ‘Several times while watching the birds I saw a pair of these little Terns at Lake Roland. They spent most of the time flying about over the water, dart- ing down to it at times in the shallow places. Sometimes they would spend a long time standing in the water where it was only an inch or two deep. Once I saw one of them dart down towards a flock of small Sandpipers THE OOLOGIST. scattering them asif they had seen a. Hawk. Anas obscura. Black Duck.—A young female of this species was shot at the head of Lake Roland, August 28th. Ardea herodias. Great Blue Heron. Almost the whole summer a Great Blue Heron remained about Lake Roland, and once J saw a pair of them. ‘They were generally absent from about 10 a.m. till 3 p. m., when they would put in their appearance and go to fishing along the edge of the mud. On several occasions I also saw one at Loch Raven. Ardea virescens. Green Heron.—One or two could always be seen about Lake Roland, and I found them mnch more plentiful at Loch Raven. Nycticorax nycticorax nevius. Black- crowned Night Heron.—August 19th in walking through the woods near Lake Roland I flushed a pair from the trees. I think several pairs of these birds nested in the vicinity of the lake although I was unable to find the place. Tringa minutilla. Least Sandpiper. On several occasions I saw about twen- ty-five of these little fellows feeding with a flock of larger birds of various kinds. Ereunetes pusillus. Semipalmated Sandpiper.—On August 19th there were only seven of these birds at Lake Roland, as far as I could ascertain. On the 20th there must have been between 200 and 300, then they gradually disap- peared until on September 4th there were only about twenty to be seen. On August 26th I saw ten at Loch Raven and shot one. Totanus melanoleucus. Greater Yel- low-legs.—The only record I have was a single one seen at Loch Raven Aug- ust 26th. It was very wild and I was uot able to secure it. Totanus flavipes. Yellow-legs.—Aug- ust 19th I saw a flock feeding on mud flats at upper end of Lake Roland. While I was watching them one over- THE OOLOGIST. 303 head whistled and on being answered by the others it joined them on the mud. These were by far the tamest and most unsuspecting of all the birds seen about the two lakes. August 29th saw a flock out onthe flats. September 4th there was only one to beseen. Totanus solitarius. Solitary Sand- piper. Quite plentiful at both lakes. From twenty to thirty could be seen at almost any time. Bartramia longicauda. Bartramian Sandpiper.—Although these were not seen with the other birds on the flats, I mention them as they could always be seen sparingly in the pasture fields about Loch Raven. Actites macularia. Spotted Sand- piper.—These birds were very scarce about the lakes: they were more plen- tiful along the banks of the streams. Aegialites vocifera. Killdeer.—Very plentiful abont both lakes, but especial- ly Lake Roland. where there was a much larger range of mud flats. On August 19th while sitting on the bank, I counted fifty-two in sight at one time on a piece of mud about three acres in extent. Aegialitis semipalmata. Semipal- mated Plover.—August 29th I saw about a dozen of these little ‘‘Ring- necks” feeding on the flats with the other birds. Pandion halietus carolinensis. Amer- ican Osprey.—On several occasions I saw a pair about Loch Raven. Ceryle alcyon. Belted Kiugfisher.—A few seen about both lakes. Wo. H. FisHEr, Baltimore, Md. > The Game Bird of the Prairie. The birds of this section, Nebraska, are to a certain extent a connecting link between those of the east and those of the extreme west. In many instan- ces we find both the eastern and the western variety of the same bird. Yet this central section has a few birds pe- culiar to itself. Prominentamong these is the Prairie Hen. In this article I shall not use scientific terms but shall confine myself to homely expressions and comparisons, I think I can give a better general idea of my sub- ject in this way than any other. No doubt a large number of the readers of the ‘‘ O6LoGIstT ” are scientists and per- fectly familiar with Latin terms and technical phrases. Yet it is reasonable to suppose that many of the readers are more familiar with our birds themselves then with ornithology as a science. Have you ever heard that peculiar sound ealled the ‘‘ booming ” of Prairie Chickens; probably not. In order to hear it you must be in the country and get up before sunrise some morning about the first of May, this is the ma- ting season. The birds congregate in flocks of forty or fifty birds each and seek some grassy ridge somewhat apart from man, to do their love making. The long drawn booming sound is made by the males. They have quite a bel- lows of loose skin on the neck which they puff up, and tufts of feathers on the back of the head or neck. They erect these “horns,” lower the wings slightly spread the tail and strut about somewhat in the manner of a Turkey Gobbler,—giving words to their love- song, while the females keep time with their ka-kar-ka-ka-kar-r-r. A friend of mine, an old Englishman, once told me that the males were each trying to say ‘‘l’m-bigger-n-n-n-you ” and that their wives were laughing at the attempt. To sound like their booming, this big- ger-n-n-n-you must be read slowly and in a nasal tone, then itis a very good counterfeit. If you approach them openly, they take wing two or three at a time, before you get in shot gun range of them. What a whir of wings! For the sake of argument we will assume that you bag a bird or two. Let us take alookat them. ‘They are about 304 as large as small chickens. The heads are small, the beaks and feet nearly black, the plumage is dark and colored somewhat like that of the common quail. That is the feathers are barred with dark brown and light brown, with here and there a yellowish tint. The wings are small for such a heavy bird, but they make up for that by rapidity of motion. If you strip off the feathers the skin is found to be decidedly dark. In this case, color is more than skin decp for the flesh is extreemly dark, even after being cooked. Despite the eolor, Prairie Chicken is of an excellent flavor, especially if the bird is young and ‘‘ cooked just right.”’ Duriug the winter, they congregate in great flocks. A single flock often contains several hundred birds. When spring comes, they separate, each pair seeking a home in some unfrequented place. ‘There the nest is built on the ground, hidden by grass so that it is ex- tremely hard to find. In ‘‘early times,” prairie fires were very destructive to the nests and young. After a fire it was no uncommcu thing to see whole sets of scorched eggs on the bare ground. The number of eggs in a set varies from a dozen to over twenty: They have the general appearance of com- mon barn-yard guineas eggs. The col- or being nearly the same as that which coffee gives eggshell, although they are sometimes dotted with dark brown. The shell is much heavier and harder than that of hens eggs. If you should succeed in finding a brood of young about a week old, you would be surprised’at the activity they display. It is very difficult to catch one of these lively youngsters. The mother gives a warning cry—away they scurry in all directions, giving a peculiar weeping cry. In less time than it takes to tell it, they have vanish- ed, and search as yon may, the chances are that you cannot find a single one. Judging from my experience witha THE OOLOGIST. shot gun, the ‘‘ bow armed Indian ”’ dic not bag many chickens. The modern “sport ” with his well trained dog and his repeating shot gun is hurrying this noble bird to the happy hunting ground. It is not the hunting clubs nor is it the farmer with his muzzle loader, who is waging this war of destruction, but it is the worthless town loafer—that mis- erable wretch who is too lazy to work for his living but supports (?) his family by fishing and pot-hunting. It is this same fellow or others of his caliber who in many places hunt birds for their feathers. To make this business more despica- ble it is generally carried on in defiance of the law. If this slaughter continues, the Prairie Hen will soon be numbered with the rare birds. This ‘‘ sport ” continues until nearly all the chickens are killed. The few ‘lucky birds ” are very shy and lead lonely lives until Christmas time, when they again collect in flocks. They are seldom hunted in winter be- cause they fy long before the hunter comes in range. Yet they may often be seen feeding in cornfields or on the buds of trees. They seem to have a special liking for cottonwood buds and it is no uncommon thing to see twenty-five or thirty birdsin one tree, in the spring time. Do not mistake my meaning and get the impression that Prairie Hens ‘‘ live intrees,” for they spend nearly all their time on the ground or flying. With a short description of the flight of the game bird of the prairie I will close. It may be calleda “ buzz and a soar.” It is accompanied by a loud whirring nojse, unlike that produced by and other bird that I have ever seen. Like Bill Nyes Ostrich they have a live- ly way of swapping time for distance. ; EO. Yi vo Naa ii THE OOLOGIST. Sora and Virginia Rails. Sora Ratu. A glance atthe map of Minnesota will find many ofits counties completely dotted with lakes and one would naturally and rightly expect it to be the home of an abundance of water birds. Of all those which breed in Hennepin County, in which Minneapolis is locat- ed, the Sora Rail is perhaps the most abundant. One cannot journey very far along a road without coming across one of those little ponds so common to our land- seape with its borders of wild rice or flags and wet meadows surrounding it. In these the bird in question makes its summer home and though perhaps the ordinary passers are all unaware that such a bird exists, the ornithologist tramping through the grass or search- ing among the flags will have no diffi- culty in flushing one occasionly. The Rail may be considered a semi- nocturnal bird. He keeps hidden away in the grass during the broad day but as soon as evening approaches he comes forth from his retreats and at twilight you may find him in his fullest activity moving about on the lily pads or float- ing vegatation on the borders of these ponds. They do not find the least difficulty in obtaining support, however light the material on which they place them- selves, a floating flag or a rice stem will give an ample foundation and when it is necessary to cross the clear water they will either raise themselves in short flight or lower themselves and swim as does a Coot or Gallinule. The tail, what little there is of it, is carried erect when walking and I have seen one in breeding time with his tail full spread strutting about after the man- ner of a Turkey gobbler. _ Their arrivalis always associated in my mind with that of the Yellow-head- ed Blackbird aud the Coot, which in 805 this locality is a little before the first of May. The nesting begins as early as the middle of May and continues into the middle of July. Fresh eggs can be found here about the first of June more commonly than at other periods. J have found the nests situated in the long grass of the meadows, in the flags w1d cattails of the swamps and more commonly inthe matted tussocks of wild rice stocks where there is an en- tanglement of old and new growths. The nest is formed of grasses or weeds, itis not very deepe inside and has a large diameter considering the size of the bird. IJtis placed all the way from close proximitypto the surface to a foot and half above it. Ten eggs may be called an average set though they vary considerably about this number. When the summer dtaws to a close the birds do not confine themselves so much to their hidden retreats of the breeding season but take to“the more open rice bordered streams and lakes. There on account of the thinness of the wild rice they may be found at all hours though, as I have said before, they are more active at twilight. The young are grown and their num- bers are swelled so that they are much more noticeable at this period than in the spring. During the present season they were much more abundant than they have been for four or five years past; it may be on account of the lack of heavy spring rains this year whichso often raise the water over the meadows just at the breeding season. I visitéd a large lake some miles dis- tant from Minneapolis early this’ fall, for the purpose of hunting ducks. Hundreds of Rails had gathered in the erowth of wild rice that was scattered from one end of the lake to the other. Every shot from my gun’ awakened such a series of piping notes that it was 306 THE OOLOGIST. hardly possible to distinguish the sep- arate cries. Even the pipirg of a sin- gle bird would awaken the others into giving vent to their cries, so that the lake resounded from shore to shore. At nightfall, as I lay with my boat well concealed in a tussock, waiting for the passage of ducks, the rails seemed to be very curious about my presence there. Several would silently gather around mezon all sides, sometimes com- ing in dangerous proximity to the boat, and upon my rising suddenly, they would all scurry off with marvelous swiftness, literally running on the wat- er. s On account of the larger game not much attention is paid to them here, however they are much ted by boys along the creeks near the city, and are familiarly styled ‘‘Water Rails.” They remain about these marshes and streams until tne first or second week in October when they leave for a warm- er climate. Audubon says, ‘‘they travel silently and by night, and in a direct course, at a height of only a few feet over our broad {rivers or over level land when their speed is such as is neyer manifest- ed by the’'munder ordinary conditions.” VireintA Ratz. The Virginia Rail is not nearly so abundant here as the Sora.” Their habits are in general simi- Jar, otherwise than the fact that the former are of rare occurrence on the streams here in the autumn. They either migrate early or keep to their retreats of the summer. The nests of both birds are often built in the same places and are of similar structure, though I have found nests of the Virginia on the borders of meadows some distance back from the water One in particular was located on the edge of what had been a pond a few weeks earlier in the spring, but was then completely dry and the near- est water was at least a quarter ofa mile away. It was simply a hollow in f a hummocek of earth, lined with a few grasses and well arched over. The complement of eggs is about the same as that of the Sora and should not. be confounded with them as they are different both in the shade of the back. ground and in the color of the mark- ings. Unlike the Sora Rail the bird in ques- tion makes its presence known by an occasional cry when one is intruding near the nest and though she keeps. well hidden in the grass, she remains in the vicinity of her eggs. H. M. GuiILrorp, Minneapolis, Minn. Cons, Unusual Nesting of the Sparrow Hawk. In the earlier part of May, I saw a Sparrow Hawk leave a hole in one of the banks of a small creek, near Red- lands and on reaching it, I fcund itto contain a set of four incubated eggs which I took. The hole was about 15 feet from the ground and was. 12 inches in depth and conta*ned no nest at all except some sand scraped from the side of the hole. During May I took another set (4) from the same hole, which however bad been dug deeper and a few feathers placed there- in. I also took a set of three from anothor hole near the above mentioned and from which I took a set of Red- shafted Flicker’s earlier in the season. L. P. WILLIAMs, Redlands, Calif. —_—_>—_~+ <= Notes from Maine. June 5, 1898, I took a set of 4 Ameri- can Ravens’ eggs on No Man’s Land near Matinicus, Me. The eggs were all rotten but the bird was still covering them. ‘The fishermen said that there had been a nest on the same island for several years but that the birds didn’t seem to increase. During the first week in July I saw THE OOLOGIST. several flocks of Pine Siskins.—from 100 to 200 birds in a flock—in Houlton village. They were nearly as tame as English Sparrows. The Searlet Tanager is evidently on the increase in the northern tier of the New England states. [ saw one this month (July) as far north as Oakfield. In the same town Rose-breasted Gros- beaks are common We found one of the latter perched on a picture in the dining room of the hotel. The bird was caught in the barn about six weeks before. It never manifested any dis- position to leave the house, although the windows and doors were often open. It sang brilliantly until it began to moult. Ten years ago the Rose- breasted Grosbeak was rare in Maine; but.it has been steadily increasing, un- til now it is to be found breeding in nearly every section. Many of us hope that the Scarlet Tanager will continue to increase until it is as common as the Grosbeak. A Bee, Old Orehara, Me. Oven Birds Nest Building. One morning while out egging I had the pleaser of watching a pair of Oven Birds building their nest, and the sys- tem and order of their united labor was very interesting. The female kept inside, arrang- ing the material and shaping the nest to fit her own body, while the male industriously worked on th» outside bringing and placing the material, and by their united systematic labor the oven shaped nest progressed with sur- prising rapidity. One rootlet which Mr. O. B. was pulling vigorously upon snapped suddenly giving him a double somersault backwards before he could regain his equilibrium; but the plucky little fellow hung on to his root. The next day I found the nest complete and one fresh egg. I was so much interest- 307 ed in this pair of birds that, I allowed them to hatch their eggs and rear their young undisturbed. M. D. CoorPEr, Antrim, N. H. >< The Bob-white. This beautiful game bird is very abun- dant in this locality, and is increasing in numbers every year. They mate in April, and in the eariy morning and in fact, all through the day, you can hear the love call of the male. They nest all through the summer months, but I do not think they raise but one brood. They lay from 12 to 24 eggs. I found four nests last season. One contained 24 egos, one 18, one 15 and the other 12. The ones that contained 24, 18 and 12 were perfectly fyesh, but the one that contained 15 was slightly incubated. The nests are extremely hard to find, and can only be found by mere chance or by flushing the old bird. H. L. HEATON, Oberlin, Kan. SSS The Whip-poor-will in Stark County, [llinois- I have often seen and heard the Whip- poor-will in this locality but until last year have been unable to secure any eggs. On June 9, 1892 two friend se- cured a nice set of two eggs of whieh I secured one, and also a description of On the 18th of June I found a set of 2 eggs, probably laid by the nest and bird. the same bird as the set on the 9th, the eggs were placed on the ground in a small brush heap, there being no nest except a slight hollow filled with leaves. The female was on the nest and did not fly until I was within a few feet of her. Is this Whip-poor-will? not rather far north for the BAYARD C. RHODES. 308 $300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES Will be Piesented during 1893 to The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of THE OOLOGIST. Each month during 1893 we _ shall give five prizes. These prizes are to be awarded to the five best articles ap- pearing in each month’s ObLoGIsST. The prizes throughout the year will remain the same, except the first one which will be the winner’s choice from the unawarded articles and publications named in the following list: ‘Coues’ “Key to North American VOSTECG Sta eee) A eta a eae ener 37 50 Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North ANTONE OY BANAL Os Now alsa as 7 50 ‘Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- ogy” ( (OPWOIS en ose Sain ie 8 00 Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” f 7 50 Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)' ‘Amer- Gaia Orerauitinolloeny? oc odo 6 ot 7 50 Maynard’s*‘Birds of KasternNorth America”? (text complete). 15 00 eesiine tou Irving’s Works, 10 SINAN ete eh eaten ats a 7 50 -ols Win. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 VOLS ese Seba ed ean a . 10 00 Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 Jenk’s “ComprehensiveCommen- tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 large 900 paged Volumes... 25 00 Sir Walter Scott’s ‘Works, 12 vols 12 00 $10 worth of Phonogr aphic Books and Publications|. 22.25.25. 10 00 An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream JURE AS) ol Aine A Ren Cte a nese nee 6 50 A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- LINO HEU E ra here eeete venenae 31 50 A Due-Bill good for$33.00towards a new$45.00AmericanUnion (same as New Home) Sew- dm geralcluime jepaewisem ae es A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards a new $20 double case Odell ALW OS, TEMPS 4 oo oblo o's 12 00 2nd Prize each month will be a part of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North America,” each containing an average of 8 plates and 3840 pages strongly bound in strong manila and cloth and worth at publisher's original price not far trom $7.50. 3d Prize—Langille’s Their Haunts”, $3.00 4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original price about $3.00. 5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 38 00 “Our Birds in ‘of the Judges THE OOLOGIST. Each article receiving at least as many credits as there are’ number of — Judges and not winning one of the leading prizes will be awarded the OdLocist for 1893 bound ir cloth aud gilt Each article receiving at least one- half as many credits as the number of Judges and not. winning any other prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- tion to the OoLogisT. All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or express prepaid, except the first, which is shipped at winner’s expense. ~_—____—__ OCTOBER CONTEST. Thirty Judges. Prize winners and credits : received by each were as follows; 1. Raptores of Michigan. 135. 2. The American Woodcock, 103. 3. Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson. 54. 309 4. Auld Lang Syne. 45. 5.5 A Day in the Woods. 29. oe9 Bird Wit and Lack of It. 29° The Judges’ prizes were awarded as follows: 1. Arthur Lohman, Wis. Lxact. 2. R.P. Gillespie, Columbus, Miss. Heaet. 3. Everett Johnson, Two Rivers, Lewiston. Me. i Ooze Gere 4, Clarence Luther, Fayetteville, Nake leo ona 5. A. W. Baylis, Cedar Rapids, Ia. f, Ave1o 25 The following were awarded World's Fair Almanacs. Robt. McPherson, Mass. Chas. Meyers, Ohio. Fred Parkhurst, N. Y. Clayton Barnard, Ind. Edmund Heller, Calif. All prizes were mailed on Nov. Ammunition % Bargain! 100 10 gauge U.M.C.Co’s Paper Shot Shells $ £3 1¢00 No. 10.bIk edge Gum Wads .......-...----.-.. .» 25th. 85 20 gauge Paper Shot Shells.............-2........ % Paay ik) feaeehye exe) SAA NSIS) (SNCS) Ste ee 1.00 100 38 extra long, solid Head Primed Shells .75 950 No. 2 Winchester Primers) -.......-..........- .30 1000 No. 12 FoiJ-lined Central Fire Percus- STONE G Bp Sareea ae Ne ee eee eee i 900 No. 10 do do do do... .45 Any of above sent by express at purchasers capepse at prices quoted, or entire lot for only 4,50. F.H.LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. Our New Collecting Tube or Insertion Barrel, with Extractor will fit any Breech-loading ShotGun. Can fur- nish for either 10 or 12 gauge gun. Price,Tube, $2.50; Wad Cutter. 40c; Decapper, 30; Loader, 30c; 50 Shells, 60c; Box Primers, 25c¢ or all sent complete for only $4.00. F.H.LATTIN & CO., or, 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., ALBION, N. Y. CHICAGO. EGGS. From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- rectly named, at moderate price. HERMANN ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- many. 310 CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED Publishers, ‘Patentees, Manufacturers, etc., are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, to be mailed to business men, new, profitable and permanent employment to one man,woman or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S. and Canada. ‘‘The early bird catches the worm.” Wewantafew such ads. aS Brunn’s (sample below) to start with in this month’s MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD. RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul- ars, papers, samples,etc.,through- out Blackhawk and surrounding .counties only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN Waterloo, Ia. ‘Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June °90. He began during the summer. That ad. paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept Con- stantly busy, employs three men to assist him, clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each send you 1000 at the same time, making 1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which you would promptly receive $30, 15 in advance and $15 when work is done. Parents make your poy apresent. Start them in this growing bus- iness. Begin this neat business before some one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come in on the ground floor.”? Instructions How to Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or postage stamps for a 4 line ‘“‘ad.” AGENT’S HERALD, No. 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pa. PRINTIN speciality. Note and letter heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- logues for naturai history dealers. Have hun- dreds of engravings of natural history speci- mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F, CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf Of all kinds for Naturalists a THE OOLOGIST. «_QOur Address __* during the next few months, will be at either ALBION, N. Y., or No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. You canaddress your orders and letters to whichever address you are the nearer—All matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, should be addressed at Albion. Should you wish to reach us personally, you should address “LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and ‘“‘WEBB”, at CHICAGO. Faithfully, °F. H. LATTIN & CO. Nit ONLY DIRECTORY onzarc:. Ai) Guaranteeing 30,000. kur }||] only 10 cents (regular price ||] 25 cents.) your name, if re- Li ceived within next 30 EN days, will be BOLDLY ER 7 printed on gummed ? paper, and from Pub- lishers, Manufactur- ers and others, you a willreceive hundreds ‘t ||| probably thousands, of valuable Books, K Se > Samples, Papers, Maga- i =¢ zines, etc. All free and \ \ Ny Wei each parcel with one of ‘S NV om aM your boldly printed ad- ‘esses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.€., Dec. 6, 1891. .DEaAR S1RS—My 500 addresses received. From my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I . have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- Mrers, ete. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of fuail, from all ra of the World. J.A. WARE. THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CQ., Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, \\ Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, }) Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New London, Wis. Niagara Falls. Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaisr will visit them during the World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R.. R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © -upies a new three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. bm TAMIA AAALGMAAALAAGMAAAAALEGMAADIAALGGQAAIAALAGLGRIOALCALGQIOLIED TAUAAIAAUALIAAUAAUAAEAAEAAOAAGAIOQAGAGAAAAAGAGAAGAAGAAALAGLAD If you Suffer from Headache, Dyspepsia WyeMinorded Liver ee TAKE = RIPANS TABULES H Went: Digiwossatter Rataey, "TAKE §=RIPANS TABULES For Offensive Breath and all Disorders Ripans Tabules act gently but promptly upon the liver, stomach and intestines; cleanse the system effectually; cure dyspepsia, habitual constipation, offensive breath and head- ache One Tabule taken at the first indication of indiges- tion, biliousness, dizziness, distress after eating or depression of spirits, :vill surely and quickly remove the whole diffi- culty. : Ripans Tabules are prepared from a prescription widely used by the physicians, and and presented in the form most approved by modern science. If given a fair trial Ripans Tabules are an infallible cure; they contain nothing and are an economical remedy. A quarter-gross box will be sent, postage paid, on receipt of 75 cents by the wholesale and retail agents, Samples free on Applicationtoté’ RIPANS CHEMICAL. Co., UPTO ICUUTUHNNrarerveroevemererrecrevecrecerecrerrerrereerrriey ist) an THE OOLOGIST. 1 MAIAALAAIAAAALAAAALAMAAALAALAALAALAMSAALAMAAALOALAMGAALAALAAMAALAMRALLALLE- Ripans Tabules Disease comumonly comes on with slight symptoms, which when neglected increase in extent and gradually grow dan- gerous. or Indigestion, TAKE RIPANS TABULES of the Stomach, TAKE RI PANS TABULES One Gives Relief. CHAS. N. CRITTENTON CO., 115 Fulton St., JOHN H. #RANCIS, 83 John St. McKESS?N & ROBBINS. 91 Fulton St., W. H. SCHIEFFLIN & ©O., 170 William St., NEW YORK CITY. Local druggists everywhere will supply the Tabules if requested to do so. They are Easy to Take, Quick to Act a . Save Many a Doctor’s Bill. NEW YOR CITY. TUULMSLAALLALSAASAdSdbLLAALGUSGbSALAdLLALGbSAASAASLGbLEGbLSALASidSAbbLAdbLSNL4bSdsbsbbsGbs/Abs4dsbdbbsdbsdbAdSS Ne 312 THE OOLOGIST. “BIRDS of MICHIGAN” A list of three hundred and _ thir- ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. JUST ISSUED! Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. It is in fact a work On the Birds of the Great Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- ogist in America. Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. Address BH: GALTTIN & CO-., “Albion, N.Y. You CAN PER MAKE DAY Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! No matter where you reside; every body wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil particulars, which will enable you to commence work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 1a| CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. If yow want the best Typewriter, and one that will outlast any other, communicate with us: We make on'y a strictly high-grade Machine of the first-class--- just what we think you want. We are NOT in the Type- ariter Trust, and do not have to pay dividends on mil- lions of watered stock. Get our prices before pur- chasing. PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y. - RENEW---- YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO THE OOLOGIST » - EARLY © ee If you will send in your renewal, or subscrip- tion to the OOLOGIST for 1894 at once, or not later than Jan. 1st °94, and enclose 6 cents in stamps additional, we will mail you your choice of the following (in addition to the two cou- pons): 1. 15 Checking Lists. 2. Lattin’s ‘Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds Eggs.” 3. Davie’s ‘Naturalist’s Mannual” (126 pages of valuable information. ) . 100 assorted Datas, 5. A White Metal Blowpipe. 6. Egg of California Murre. 7. Egg of Noddy. 8. Egg Drill and Embryo Hook. 9. Black Starfish, Hchinaster sentus. rare. - ; 10. 35c. Fossil. Scaphites nodosus, from Bad Lands. ‘ 11. 20, all different, back numbers of the OOLOGIST. This offer will positively close on Jan. 1st, and will never be repeated, Only one of the premiums can be selected for the 6c. additional which must in every instance accompany a subscription to the OOLOGIST for © 1893, either new or renewal. Should you desire more than one of the pre- miums, you can add 15c. for each additional one, to secure at this price, however, you must have the order accompany your subscription or renewal, otherwise they will cost you regular rates, which range from 25 to 50 cents each. Should you desire the complete set of eleven premiums, we will send you the entire lot. The OoLoGist for 1894 with two coupons For Only $1.60. Do not delay. but write at once, as these of- fers hold good during the next 30 Days Only. Address all letters either accepting or relat- ing to this offer to EF. A. LATTIN & CO., ' ALBION, N. Y.- The Worlds Fair at Home! Selected Photographs, printed and Mounted by a Professional Photogra- pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. Address P. F. MARCH, Fern Bank, Hamilton County, O. BIRDS BGG CURIOS. § SHELLS Very , uN ef mse Lutneeaa Cad Gad) ee SD ) \SARIED AARIEAS é om s £ a NA © we ~~ g 6 pa ytaee LY a iS Oe) , Monthiy. VOL. X. ee ee ee ee eh AMBION SAN] ¥5 DEC 31893: 50c. per Year. as NO. 12 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department for 50¢ per 25 words. word. No notice inserted for less than 5vc. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. ‘“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘** Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only and according to conditions stated thereon. I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars (#200) worth of specimens to my collection through the Exchange Columns of the OOLOGIST. J.M, KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia, IT FIND that exc. notices in the OOLOGIST pay me 100 per cent. better than in other papers. EDW. WALL. San Bernardino, Callf. FOR EXCHANGE.—Printing ovress, chase 5x7, for stamps. GHO. B. BENNETT, S. W. cor. Beach and Lafayette, Terre Haute, Ind. TO EXCHANGE.—$l2? worth of egos in sets with data for postage stamps..11s0 Cigarette pic- tures for stamps. BERYL HODGH, Sterling, Kans. WANTED. A first-class Incubator and Brooder, can offer eggs of Kites, Hawks. Vul- tures and some cash. Address, KiT ATKIN- SON, Dime Box, Texas. I HAVE Vol. vii, ‘““Paper and Press.’ Vols. iv. Vv. vi. vil, “Inland Printer” for Egxs. Miner- ajs, Fossils, Indian Relics. A. L. STEVENS, 206 Elm St., Northampton, Mass. WRITE me lowest price Coues’ Key. Bend- ire’s Nest and Eggs North Amer can Birds. sets of Sharp-shinned Hawk. Pigeon Hawk Golden Eagle or “Duck Hawk.’”? EDWARD ARNOLD, Battle Creek. Mich. } MUSIC\L CONTEST.—‘Protective Tariff Grand March,”’and'Free Trad+ Grand March.” Both pieces are beautiful. bright and showy marches of medium difficulty for the Piano or Organ. Price !0 cents earch at all music stores or by mentioning the OOLOGIST they may be procured at one-half price from WiLL L. THOMPSON, Hast Liverpool, Ohio. I HAVE over $16 worth of singles to exchange for a kodak, Skins or Orn. or Tax. works. ED- WARD WALL, San Bernardino, Cal. FOR. EXCHANGE.—lor eggs in sets.) West- ern or Southern prefered, an Eclipse camera, 34x44 in. A 1 condition with tripod, hardwood carrying case printing frame holder, etc. HAL, GIBSON, EB] Paso, Illinois. TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of foreign stamns and afew sets of eggs with data for sets No. 430 and 431 with nest. P. A, MULTER, Ashford, Catt. Co., N. Y. : WHAT offers have I of Terns’ and Gulls’ eges for cash Have also several vols of Youth’s Companion for eggs. ERNEST IRONS, Council Bluffs, Ia, CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The edition of this magnificent work is exhausted, we have only one copy left. Price $15 If you want it sneak quick. F. H. LATTIN & Co., Al- bion. N. Y. WANTED.—To cor espond with parties who can furnish birds in the meat this winter. Will make exchanges, ani pay cash for desirable specimens. No cards. WHIT HARRISON, La Crese-nt. Ho: ston Co.. Minn. ; FOR SATE. Black-chinned, Rufousand An- na’s Humming birds eggs for 5Uc. with nest and data. Sove very pretty nests among the lot. R. H. ROBERTSON, care First Ward Grocery House, Hast Los Angeles. Cal. TO EXCHANGE —First class singles for sin- gles and sets -Nothing but first-class eggs taken. Send your list and receive mine. Ad- adress, FRANK B. JEWEHTT. Lamanda Park, Cal. or H A. YOUNG, Pasadena, Cal. DAVIEH’S Egg Check List of N. A. Birds We desire one 1r } wo copies of the First Edition in good condition. will allow 75c. each for same in exchange F.H. LATTIN & CO. Albion, N. Y. EXCHANGE.—Colt’s 45 cal. revolver. in good condition. full nickle plate, rubber handle. belt and holster. for be-t offer in books on Ornith- ology and Oology. excepting Coues’ Key. GUY POTTER, 110 East 3rd St., Peru, Indiana. NOTICE. I have over 225 varieties of first- class eggs, a good many in sets, nearly all with data, to exchange for a good double breech loading shotgun. revolver, pistol, microscope, Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s Manual, climbing irons. Write for particulars and state what youhaye, S, B. CRAYTON, Anderson, S. C. 314 ANY ONE wishing to purchase an Old Flint Lock Rifle with Bayonet. complete, in fine con- dition, write to A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Medina Co., Ohio. 17 VOL. various magazines and collection of minerals to exchange for sets, curios, climb- ingirons orrifle. Sendfor list GUY ARMI- TAGE, 779 Hubbard, St., Milwaukee, Wisc. WANTE. —Sets of (A.O. U. numbers) 325, 326, 337, 365, 375, 378, 416. 420, 601, 637. 675. 676. 683, W138. 718. 727 (all after 637 with nests if possible)in exchange for eastern sets. J. H. BOWLES, Ponkapog, Mass. i KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new upon which the seal has never been broken and loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry- ing case. Cost $32.50. Will sell at a sacrifice. ae FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans Co., N.Y. TWO BIG BARGAINS.—A friend has left with us his collection of eggs for sale. It con- sists of $30 worth of desirable sets and $35 of A. No. 1 singles. All are strictly ffrst-class and F. H L. & Co. will see that they are properly and carefully packed. Hither the sets or singles will be sent by express for only $8.50 cash or both for $1650. No exchanges entertiined. To parties meaning business a list of species in the collection will be sent for stamp. Address, Bradt, care F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y. FOR SALHE.—First-class skins of the Turkey Buzzard. Black Vulture, Ducks,Gulls, Pelicans, Swans, Curlews, Herons, Snipe, ete., ete I wilfor $2 cash forward the following fresh skins providing 50c. extra is sent to pay express viz, Turkey Buzzard, Fox Squirrel and Mead- ow Lark. Large orders taken at reasonable rates. NATHAN L DAVIS, La Porte, Texas. I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to that one little exchange in June OoLoGist than I did in all of several other exchange ads I ven- tured in other papers. which cost me over #10. ED VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan. “INSTITUTIONES REI HERBARIA:” 3 large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719. Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III, each contain about 250 pages of illustrations. Will exchange for $10 00 with of standard books on Natural History (ornithology preferred) or back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N Y. BIRDS EGGS. 25c. novels, foreign postage stamps, rifle. minerals. fossils cigaette al- bums, scrap book full of cards, for Columbian (ex. 2c.), old S, Confederate and foreign postage stamps. Indian and otber relics. R. L. STEPHENS. Danville. Ills. A HAND-INKING printing press, chase 12 by 15 inches, in good condition, for sale cheap, or to exchange for eggs in sets. bird skins. or a good collection of U.S. stamps. W. HE. SNY- DER, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. ANY Stimp Collector sending me stamps of any one Country. valued at fifty cents, shall re- Ceive the same amount in West Indian stamps from me. G. C. ROBERTS, 1517 Christian St., Philadelphia, Pa. FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.~ A 52inch Col- umbia Light Roadster, Ball bearings a 1 around in splendid condition, for a new Baker, Rem- ington or other good shot gun, 12gauge. Make offer. HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St. Chicago, Ils. THE OOLOGIST. WANTED.—Indian Relics (Stone Age), I have to offer Mounted Birds, Minerals, Eggs, etc. I.also want a copy of Abbott’s ‘‘Stone Age of New Jersey,”’? L. V. CASE,Naples,N.Y. TO EXCHANGE.—HF¥irst-class singles of this locality at 25 per cent discount for sets with full data. Send lists. OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 S. Hope St., Los Angeles, Cal. CURIOSITIES and eggs from Southern Cal- ifornia to exchange for first-class eggs with data. Send stamp for list. Address, R. S. DANIELS, Nordhoff, Ventura Co., Calif. FOR SALE.—Coues’ Key $5, also other bird books and Collection of eggs, cheap. CHAS. E. CRAM, Columbus, Ohio. OLD OOLOGISTS for stamps, and all curios. 50 varieties of stamps for 10 cents. Foreign ex- change and Electrical Books wanted. WAL- TER G. MANSUER, Pittsfield, Maine. WILL GIVE three varieties Chinese coins for every U.S. cent, in good condition, dated before 1859. Old postal cards to exchange. ED DOOLITTLE, Painesville, Ohio. WOULD LIKE to exchange eggs with any person in either Texas, California Michigan or Maine. HARRY COLLINS, Granville, Lick- ing Co., O. WANTED.—Set of Am. Osprey. Will give in exchange singles, value $2. H. H. SPICER, 596. Woodward Ave, Detroit, Mich. I WILL GIVE 15 Periwinkle shells for every egg listed at ten cents or over sent me or for every perfect arrow head sent me. Eggs will be taken in sets. JAY SMITH, Ripley, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE. Vol. V complete except No. 6; «nd No’s 6, 11 of Vol, VIL; No. 6 of Vol. IIT of the OoLoctist for Vol. VIII complete of same. HUGH S. CAMPBELL, E]1 Paso. Il. THE SAME mail which brought November OOLOGIST brought four replies fo my exchange notice in the same paper. JI regard the OOLO- GIST anecessity to collectors who desire to ex- cha ge specimens. FRED H. ANDRUS, EIlk- ton, Oregon. FOR SALE.—A Belgian Flobert Rifie in good eendition, 22 short or long cartridge, black wal- nut, checked, pistol grip stock. rubber butt plate. weight 4% lbs., cost $6. sell for $3.50. GEO. J. REED, Berlin, Conn.. LOOK! LOOK! Cheapest rates on mount- ing birds, fish. reptiles and animals. Specialty in mounting heads of Elk, Deer ind other big game. also all kinds of furrier work. Game birds mounted in groups or sing y on panels for wall decoration. Large stock of birds sin- gly or in groups for sale. Also all kinds of big game heads as Elk, Moose. Deer and Sheep. White Doves for floral designs. Glass eyes of all descriptions Also birds eggs, skins, min- erals, Indian relics aud curiosities. Lowest rates. Big Bargains. Special attention given to mail order dep rtment. Send for list stating in what department. D. FRANK KELLER,54 S. 6th St. Reading, Pa. : EGGS. From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- rectly named. at moderate price. HERMANN ROLLE, Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- many. THE OOLOGIST. PETRIFIED MOSS.—Fine specimens, post- paid, 10, 20 and 30c. Stamps taken. Silver preferred. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Me- dina Co., Ohio. IT HAVE acouple of fine pedigreed hunting dogs to exchange for eggs in original sets with unquestionable data. Send lists and Iwill make liberal offer Many common eggs wanted. J. H. BROWN, Davenport, Iowa. FOR EXCHANGE One three dollar Magic Lantern with eleven slides, will exchange for best offer in birds eggs. All letters answered. adress. THOS. CRONIN, Westtown, Chester Co., Pa. ORNITHOLOGISTS of the South and West. wishing to exchange skins of common birds for same of Michigan. Write me. Florida curios, Michigan eggs toexchange. L. W. WATKINS, Manchester, Mich. EXCHANGE—Confederate bills and State issues, foreign coins, Indian relics, and war tokens, for the same, and C.S. A. stamps. C. S. A. bills are numbered from Massamore’s catalogue, ERWIN G. WARD, Palmer, Mass. EXCHANGE NOTICE—I am starting a col- lection of U.S. half dollars, and will make the following offer in order to secure a number of the commoner dates. For every half dollar sent, I will return postpaid, a beautiful nest and two eggs of Black-chinned Hummer, extra choice condition original data. If two are sent, I will add Costa’s nest and two eggs. providing you enclose five cents extra for postage. Kind- ly have condition good aud choose as old dates as possible. Register all letters with an 8 cent Columbian stamp and I will return return 4cts. with data. Cc. W. CRANDALL, Woodside, Queens Co., N. Y. ' TO EXCHANGE.—Mexican Opal, cut, value, $1. for fine Crystals of Amethyst, Tourmaline, Aquamarine, Garnet. Topaz or other precious or semi-precious stone. B. O. LONGYEAR, Mason, Mich. TO EXCHANGE.—WM’t’d Birds, Skins. Fos- sils and common eggs for Coins, Stamps, Pa- per Money, Skins, Eggs and Fossils. All an- swered. WILL A. BRYAN, New Sharon, Iowa, Taxidermist la. Ag’] College. WANTED.—"‘Ornithologist and Oologist” vols. 1, 2. 3, 4. 5, 11 andi12. “The Observer,” vols. 3and 4. Will pay Cash if the price is right. BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, N. Y. THE NIDIOLOGIST is becoming famed far and wide over America, as a strictly o-ig nal and high class publication for Oologists and Ornithologists. There is no illustrated month- ly magazine like it, and never has Leen, in thisicountry at least. A striking cover, inclos- ing sixteer pages, devoted to articles of unus- ual interest. sumptuously illustrated with ‘“‘half-tone”’ engravings; $1 per year, with free exchange notice and premium offer. The De- cember number contained among other inter- esting articles, ‘‘Remounting the Great Auk,” 3 illustrations. by Dr. Shufeldt:‘*YoungGulls in Confinement,” by Otto Emerson ;‘-Photography Under Difficulties,” illustrated. by Egbert Bagg; ‘An Odd Nest of California Bush Tit,” illustrated Among handsomely illustrated articles inJanuary number will be one byChas. E. Doe: ‘‘Notes on the Osprey.’”’ Sendin your subscription now and get the back numbers while they last, or send 10 cents, silver, for sample copy. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or NIDIOLOGISP, Alameda, California. 315 EXCHANGE—Blue prints of small steam en- gine and instructions to make same, for coins, books, minerals, curios, eggs in sets, Indian relics. stamps or internation 1 album. RUS- SELL KENNEDY, No. 60 Pearson St., New Castle, Pa. ee I HAVE eggs of the Caspian Tern and Amer- ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, Curios, etc, ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Har- bor, Mich. EXCHANGE—I have a Collection of North Dakota sets and singles, first-class, with com- plete data, and worth at catalogue priees, $75, Will exchange for gold watch. watch chain, gun, revolver, jewelry. or anything- you have that I want. Also a Coues’ Key for cash. Send for list. All answered. W. C. PELTON, Dickinson, No. Dak. WANTED Canceled Columbian stamps. Denominations, l5c. and upwards to $5 issues, in exchange for first-class sets with full data. Allanswered. H.L. HEATON, Oberlin, Kan. a a a TL ET TO EXCHANGE—520 varieties of foreign stamps in 30c. album for U. S. stamps or cash. FRANK OWENS, Box 42, Brooklyn, Iowa. TO EXCHANGE— About 250 stamps, wanted books on Taxidermy, shooting or hunting. All answered. Address, HOWARD M. GILLET, Lebanon Springs, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE—A Four Pronged Fish Spear and a small Printing Press for the best offer of Singles or Hummer Skins and Nests. GEO. H. DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Paines- ville, Ohio. “BIRDS OF THE ST\TE OF NEW YORK by DeKay,Complete in one thick volume. 4to, cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely engraved full page plates, beantifully colored by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is very scarce. It was published in 1844, as one of the vols. of the ‘Natural History af New York” and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy. This Copy needs rebinding and has the common names of birds written underneath each figure —otherwise clean and in good condition, Our price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO Albion. N. Y. is 0O1l1.OGISTS WANTED.—We want at once copies of the OOLOGIST as follows; July-Aug- ust, 1886; January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886 with the former attached; June, 1888; April, 1889; March, 1892; and April, 1893. Wealso de. sire copies of our old 1885 ‘“‘OoLoGists HANp- Book.”’ For each and every copy of the above publications mailed us not later than February 1, 1894, we will give l5cts worth of anything we advertise or offer for sale or will send credit check good for the amount. In addition to the above we wiil forward a ‘‘World’s Fair Alma- nac” for each of the first ten copies of each of th> six No’s of the OOLOGIST desired, also the Hivp-Book. (70 Almanacs in all.) Address at one, F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. Fine Egg Cabinets. Have 12 of the aboveon hand. 8 drawers $7 to $9 each. Cases and cabinets to order. Ash Deer Shields, best fimish 75c. A. W. HANA- FORD, Taxidermist and Manufacturer of Nat- uralists Wood Working Supplies, 139 W.Fulton street, Grand Rapids, Mich. $810,000 "ie “TIED UP” In Shells, Curios, Specimens, and Souvenir Goods during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and this stock is a surplus one. The above hits our case exactly and we have move than this amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the expense of shipping them there. If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, $25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a full and complete Dealer’s stock, we now ofter you an opportunity to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 50 per cent. Less Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices. Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, or if within roo miles of either place, call. It will pay you. Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO. x VOL. X. ! COLLECTING AT NIGHT. -A Tale of the Adventures of a Tough, but Nervy, Young Egg-crank. By DIDYMUS. In the Gourse of discussion with a young friend of mine. F AS to who Gould write poetry in a manner so fine “That the boys of your paper would all thinkit’s great— Igrabbedup my pencil, my sponge and my slate And wrote off the doings I’m about to relate. For lam a poet as all of you know, And my power toplease I surely can show. So here is a poem in meter and rhyme Which J feel very certain will win every time; My subject’s attractive as it deals with a crime. Way back in the seventies there lived a young kid In whose little careass all the evils were hid— Which together, Combining, produced the egg- erank ; He had all the features, on that you can bank Your last dollar and win: Great Scott! he was rank. Now this tough little Aleck, fifteen years old or so, Used to guy all the school-marms to whom he did go— Till his poor widowed mother, to save the dis- erace \ Took the kid out of school and found him a ace On a farm, as “twas plain he must work; a clear case. So he watered the chickens. and curried the cow; Dug out the woodchucks, fed the pigs and fol- lowed the plow. 0 He was not very large, but a tough little pill, Who could hustle the harrow, the grindstone or drill: In fact there*s no business but he thought he could fill. "The farmer was tickled and so was his spouse To secure a good youngester to milk and drive cows -And so this young egg-crank soon gained their esteem: “Fed on honey, preserves, ham and eggs, milk and cream— -And the scheme he soon worked slid off like a dream. __ THE O6LocisT. ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1893. NO. 12 His mother mstructed the boss of the farm That this boy was an egg-crank, and to prevent harm, The best way to fix him, was not to permit A single day’s outing. A sensible hit. So the kid made a play, and theold farmer bit. The season was spring and the month it was May— And the cute kid had permission to sleep on the hay. So at night when he’d go to the barn for his rest He’d fly to the woods and the fields for a nest, Ina manner the granger would never have guessed. : In this way the Kid who had good eyes for finds When working in the day time, secured many kinds. He had Chippies and Bluebirds and Lark’s eggs not a few; There were eges of the Wood Thrush of deli- cate blue, Green Catbirds, rare Vireos and Orioles too. Nighthawk’s eggs were in this collection well hid; Whip-poor-will’s and some Killdeer’s securely locked lid. He had Shrike’s eges and Bluejay’s taken time and again— Forty-eight kinds of eggs he had taken and then— ; He found a new treasurer, the nest of a Wren. Now this House Wren it builtin the end of a gable. Of the house, and this kid wondered how he’d be able To sccop the eggs safely, with the farmer so near But he planned the whole matter inaway that I fear A few of my readers will think rather queer. under He took along rope to a tree on the side Of the house and then to it the rope he fast tied. With a pole quickly poked the rope over the peak Then listened and faltered already to sneak Should the farmer be wakened and the kitchen door creak. He next made a loop in the end of the rope And started to climb, very still, let us hope; Till at last on the roof he paused for a rest— He viewed his surroundings ere he plundered the nest, And the sight that he saw you’d scarcely have guessed. ’ 318 THE OOLOGIST. Twas moonlight and all things could be seen plain as day. When two men with rifles came up from the way ‘Of the town road, but luckily they did not see the kid Who sat on the roof where he’s partially hid; There he shivered and shook like a teakettle lid. It was midnight, the robbers wore masks and spoke low They sneaked to the door, knocked and cried out—Hello! “we are sorry to call you Mr. Palmer so late Please open the door sir and our case we will state. Neighbor Smith’s cow is ailing and the danger is great.” The kind-hearted farmer came quick to the door; He even neglected to question before It was opened. Then quickiy the robbers cried “hold Up your hands you old duffer, we’ve come for your gold.” And they grabbed him, these cut-throats so fearless and bold. But the farmer was active and strong as a donkey And besides that when riled was inclined to be spunky So he struck out and knocked one down fiat on his back And gave to the other a serious crack Then the other jumped up n’gave the farmer a whack. Then the kid on the roof bravely grabbed up a brick From the chimney, and threw it so careful and quick, That it knocked down a robber and laid him out stiff. It caved in his skull, and next in a jiff He dropped from the roof n’gave the other a biff. ; Then a slip-noose was made of the rope hang- ing aown, And he suddenly slipped it right over the crown Of the cut-throat. Mr. Palmer held on with his might, While the kid grabbed the rope and drew it up tight; And the robber soon threw up his hands in af- fright. Soon the neighbors came over and the sheriff drove down, And the prowlers were hauled to the jail in the town. Then the trial came on and the egg-crank was there And when on the stand the kid had to swear What he did atthe time. My! The people didi stare. A thousand, clean cash; the reward to the boy~ Asthe robbers were tough ones and long did annoy The country around. And the old farmer said: “T’ll adopt this smart youngster, for ’d surely been dead If the boy hadn’t helped me and had a good head.” So now the young egg-crank will inherit the: farm And his plans for collecting all work to a charm, He has a big egg-case, six feet high or more Chuck full of the rarest, but he always wants. more. I'll stop this tale here or you'll think me a bore.. >>> Oology. What is odlogy? Webster says:—‘‘The science of eggs. in relation to their coloring, size, shape and. number. Who then is an oodlogist? Why, of course, one versed in odlogy. Simply then, odlogy relates to the study of eggs; that is to the egg-shell, or the ontside covering of the white and yolk; or the vitellus and albumen, as the scientist would call them. Is our whole provinee, then, confined to the study of variously colored shells. together with an idea of the number to: be found in each nest and the shapes of these lime-like coverings. A thousand times No! However, there are many so-called odlogists, who are content to accept the definition as given above, and who believe that they are advancing science by simply amassing a collection of eggs and in describing the colors, phases. and variations in shape and markings. And, I am sorry to add that the chief- est ones in the category are the so- called closet-naturalists, of cities, gen- erally; the ones who sit at home and. hire active collectors to do their bid- ding. Now let me express myself as to my opinion of what constitutes an odlogist. THE OOLOGIST. Odlogy isa branch of ornithology and nothing more, and the man who pre- sumes to elevate it above the study of birds is as foolish as those who profess to be good ornithologists without knowing anything about the nesting habits of the common birds they study. As I understand it, a capable orni- thologist must understand the nidifica- ‘tion of the birds he finds in his section while the odlogist should be fully able to identify the owners of the nests he yisits. Then too, to follow back a little fur- ther, we may say that ornithology is simply a branch of zodlogy. Any stud- ent of one or many branches of zoology is a naturalist—therefore, an oodlogist is a naturalist. However, we cannot al- low that every boy who sticks pins through butterflies and other insects, and spreads them in a case, is an en- tomologist, and neither does the act of preserving eggs, however well it is done, entire a boy or man, to the dis- tinction of an odlogist. To Webster’s dictionary, it may seem sufficient to note the accomplishments of an egg- erank lightly, but to the increasing num- ber of capable naturalists in our-country, the requirements are drawn much finer. In other words, the province of the egg-collector, or crank, as we may call him, in order to be well up in the slang of the times, is just as wide as we wish to make it. We can collect a lot of two-holed eggs, string them and hang the festoon on the wall—or we can study the habits of the birds—take notes and gather a great stock of in- formation that will be an everlasting source of pleasure to us. The boy who takes notes and studies intelligently, even if he does not col- lect eggs, is far superior to the one who gathers a mass of any kind of speci- mens without any knowledge of the subject. It is my advice to buy books; study in the woods and fields, and keep the pursuit up from year to year. EUGENE PERICLES. 319: Not a Criticism. In the April No. of the O6LoGIsT there appeared an article under the head of *‘A Criticism,” which in part, as far as the Barn Owl is concerned, is. an unjust criticism; and I, like the au- thor, have only foregone a reply from the fact that I do not care to get into an extended d@scussion, nor do I feel like. contradicting a fellow oologist who has outlived ten generations of our odlogi- cal friends, but he should remember that this is a progressive age and that the birds and animals that afew gener- ations ago inhabited this country have disappeared and been replaced by |. others of different varieties,and in some cases by entirely different Species. His criticism reminds me of ‘‘The Owl Critic” and ‘The Barber,” where- in the critic implored the barber to “Take that Owl down.” Supposing it to be a mounted bird, he said, ‘‘I have studied for years the posture of Owls and there is nothing life-like about, it,” but when the Owl opened his eyes and said, ‘“‘Hoo! Hoo!” the author says: “The barber kept on shaving.”’ I have kept on collecting. Now, Mr. Editor, I don’t want free use of your columns for a discussion on Barn Owls, for with the information at hand I could write a volume on it, but I would like to vindicate myself by quoting from such authority as, F. M. Noe, who says that he has mounted no less than thirty that were killed in Hendricks Co:, Indiana. The Indiana State Taxidermist has a set of Barn Owl’s eggs taken in the State. The State Report of Indiana states that the ‘Barn Owl” is generally distributed over the state. Mr. A. Butler says the Barn Owl is frequently met with in In diana. Mr. J. W. Hitt of Indianapolis writes me that he ‘‘has investigated the Barn Owl in Indiana, sinee he read Mr. Sirrom’s article, and althongh Mr. S. has lived a long time he is off on the Beg THE OOLOGIST. Barn Owl in Indiana!!” Mr. W. K. Saul, I. Eavans, and numerous others I could mention, have in a series of correspondence with the writer, pro- nounced the Bart Owl a resident of this State. So, now,:‘‘Boys of Indiana” if you find a nest of the Barn Owl in Indiana make sure of the identity and then make your data without fear of contradiction, for you hae the best authority of the State on your side. I fully agree with ‘the critic” that every collector should carefully and positively identify each and every set they take. I have watched a nest for hours to make sure of the identity when I was in the least doubt. I was for a time discouraged and thought perhaps I was wrong, but wiih letters from some of the best authority in this and adjoining states substantiat- ing my judgment I am still in the field more enthusiastic than ever. If Mr. Sirrom will kindly correspond with me on this subject I am sure I can convinee him that he is mistaken; and then I shall ask him toretract what he has said, as I feel he has done me an injustice as well as cast a reflection o the authority of the OsLoGisr and the ‘sagacity of its most able editor. I do not claim to be perfect, fallible by any means, but Mr. Editor J believe it good policy to ‘‘Look be- fore you leap.” Investigate before you eriticise a thing. Mr.S. certainly did not do so in the case of the Barn Owl at least. In the ease of the i=) article in the Jan- uary No. it seems to me it would be to his enthusiasm, whether it would be a pleasure to hunt when one was so handicapped, but surely his ob- servations cowld and would:be of as much profit as though he had traveled ‘in aristocratic style. It appears ac- cording to the very interesting and valuable articles recently published in the OdLoGisT on ‘The Life of Alexan- der Wilson,” that this noble man ex- OWLDS nor in- are numerous, perienced more hardships than could | possibly have attended the author of the aforesaid article. Yet “the critic” has not taken exception to that, and again I have found: that an ax ora hatchet is almost indispensable to good live collectors. Now, readers in hopes that our elder brother will endeayor to rectify his unintentional mistake, and so right the misinformed ‘‘boys of In- diana,” I beg to subscribe myself, Gro. W. PITMAN, New Castle, Indiana. > << + A Nest of the Ganvas-back. Seaburn,Manitoba, June 4, 1893. For some days I had ‘observed a pair. of Canvas-backs frequenting aslough that ran back fromthe Lake ashort distance, the sides of which were covered with a rank growth’ of small bushes coarse grass, old roots of trees and small patches of dry ground here and there, just the place. 1 thought for a nest. For several days I had paid the place a visit, upon each occasion observing the birds up at the far end of the slough, and although I searched carefully every time | never could discover the nest which I felt sure was there. On the morning-of the 4th Iwas awake early and finding it blowing strong from the North witha fine rain falling I deter. mined to go and have another search for the Canvas-back, as I knew such a day was good for “‘ egging.” Swallowing afew mouthfuls of break- fast I pull on my rabber boots, don my waterproof coat take my gun and start off for the slough, which is about 2 miles distant. On my way I find a nest of the Sora Rail containing 11 eggs which are transferred to one of my boxes, Yellow-headed Blackbirds nests but I am impatient to reach my destination and don’t stop to examine them. While I am making a short cut through a path of bush I come ce THE OOLOGIST. 321 across two pairs of Maryland Yellow- throats evidently mated. I take note of the locality intending to visit it again, which I did upon several occa- sions but never saw the birds again. IT hurry along and in a few more min- utes lam at the slough, entering the water I start to wade slowly up keep- ing a sharp look out for the birds, in a few moments I can see every yard of the water but no birds are to be seen, while I am standing wondering what can have become of the birds something comes skimming round the corner of the slough out from the Lake, and comes within 30 vards of me and then turns off back into the Lake, not how- ever before I have identified it as a male Canvas-back, my gun goes to my shoulder as the bird comes so close, but I think better and let him go. Feeling encouraged I start to wade on again and have not gone more than 100 yards, when I heara flutter and a splash about fifteen yards in front of me and while I am gazing intently ahead I see the head, neck and partly submerged body of the female, as she comes to the surface of the water (she had dived off her nest as I thought) no sooner is she on the surface than she takes wing and is soon away. : A search of a few seconds is sufficient to find the nest, situated on a small patch of dry ground about two yards in diameter, it is composed of dry grass with a little down and contained five eggs of a pale greenish color, as I knew this was not the full set I leave them after carefully marking the place, I vis- ited the nest twice after this and on both occasions the bird was off and the eges were covered up; after leaving the nest four days.and only finding seven eggs I came to the conclusion she had laid her full set and so took them. G. F. Dipprin, Toronto, Canada. SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER WILSON. His Southern Subscription Tour. G. VROOMAN SMITH Wa Although Wilson’s Northern tour was devoid of a brilliant financial sue- cess, yet it by no means discouraged him from further pnrsuing the task he had entered upon with so much ardor and enthusiasm. Wherever he went he exhibited his work with so much zeal, was received with so much kind- ness, loaded with so much praise and compliments, that to secure only forty- one subscribers for his toil and diligence was a discouragement great enough to. depress the bouyant spirits of any one save Alexander Wilson. Yo him, who was so accustomed to disappointments and failures although it did cast a con- siderable gloom over his prospects of fu- ture success, yet by no means so de- pressed his hopes as to defer his depart- ure for another extended subscription tour through the south, after a brief tar- ry with his friends at Philadelphia. Winter with its many inconveniences had fairly set in when Wilson bent his steps in the direction of the south on the second of his famous pilgrimages in search of subscribers and informa- tion. Unaccompanied he pursued his Journey towards Baltimore where he arrived early in December, 1808. The journey was a fatiguing one, performed at a disagreable season of the year, and without a single companion to lessen the sense of solitude naturally arising from ones mingling with strange peo- ple ina strange locality. He pursued the exhibition of his prospectus at Bal- timore with great determination and zeal, and was rewarded by securing sixteen new subscribers. Elated with this unexpected and gratifying success “Ore -at Baltimore our traveller hopefully turned his face inthe direction of An- napolis. Here he passed his book ‘through both houses of the State Legis- lature waich was then in session, but as far as securing subscribers was con- cerned the sages of Maryland might _just as well have been somewhere else, as the negatives were everything and the affirmatives nothing. Every Law- yer on the bench examinea the book with the utmost deliberation, but the enormous sum of one hundred and twenty dollars for a book seemed to them wholly out of the bounds of rea- son, and Wilson was: obliged to depart without a single name being added to the list. At Baltimore he met with flattering success, at Annapolis with a most discouraging failure. Where so many wise men were assembled one would suppose his book would be fa- vorably received, but in this case as in innumerable others the sum of one hundred and twenty dollras arose like an evil genius between him and _ his hopes. Still our hero for such he de- serves to be called was in no wise dis- couraged by the deision of the people of Annapolis, but with determined step he pursued his route through tobacco fields, sloughs, and swamps of this il- literate corner of the State, as he chose “to call it, to Washington a distance of thirty-eight miles. This journey was attended with considerable inconveni- ence and misery there being but a few miles of road, and a poor substitute for a road at that. He writes that on the way he saluted and opened fifty-five gates with all the patience he could muster, each one compelling him to de- scend into the mud to open it. The Negroes were particularly numerous in this reglon and he declares them as being wretchedly clad, in some cases their filthy bundle of rags being scarce- ly sufficient to cover their nakedness, yet-the negroes were extremely oblidg- dng and kind and very civilly showed THE OOLOGIST. our traveler the road, when he halted before their miserable huts to’ inquire the way. The Capitol City Washington present- ed a much different appearance at the time Wilson entered it, than it does to- day. The Capitol buildings were new and about the only editices of any ac- count then in the city. Wilson says, that the only improvement going on was the building of one brick house. Thomas Jefferson was then President and it was he to whom Wilson applied for encouragment. Jefferson was a great lover of birds, in fact he had cor- responded with Wilson previously in reference to a strange bird seen in his native state, Virginia, and which Wil- son was enabled to identify as the Wood Thrush. The President received Wilson with marked respect and kind- ness; their conversation being much on the subject of ornithology, which sub- ject Jefferson was deeply interested in and to which he paid considerable at- tention to, even with the more import- ant duties of Executive to look after. At this time there was living in Vir- ginia a person who had spent the whole of his life in the interesting study of or- nithology, and who was occupied with collecting information on the subject for the President. To this gentleman the President gave Wilson a letter of introduction and intrusted the commis- sion of gathering the information to him. From Washington the Ornithologist pushed his way to Norfolk, Virginia, where he had considerable success in exhibiting his book. He found the streets of Norfolk, as were the majority of the city streets in the south at that time, little better than mud _ holes through which he urged his horse with difficulty. It may be well to insert in this con- nection a brief account of the general features of the country and its inhabi- tants in order that the reader may form THE OOLOGIST. ‘an idea of the hardships our traveler experienced in his journey from Wash- ington to Savannah. To a stranger the climate of Virginia cand the Carolinas was such that with- out proper preventatives one was en- dangered with that dreaded southern disease, malaria fever, Wilson said the inhabitants use brandy as a safe guard for this disease and so universal is the pratice that the first thing you find them employed in after rising, is, prepar- ing the usual morning’s beverage, which is the brandy toddy. He said it was almost next to impossible to meet a man whose lips were not parched and blistered with drinking the poison. He lodged one night at the honse ofa plant- er, who informed him that out of a fam- ‘ily of thirteen children only three sur- vived all having been carried away with the bilious fever. There were two alternatives to the inhabitants; drink brandy, or have the ague. Wilson rather than form the habit of using the poison decided to take his chances. He escaped the disease, and how he remained in that latitude four months without contracting the fever was a wonder to himself and to the inhabi- tants. The accomodations our traveler re- ceived while in this region were some- what different from what they are now and from what he was accustomed to receive. The taverns in the south were shocking substitutes for public houses and were the most desolate and wretch- ed places imaginable; bare, bleak and dirty walls, with one or two broken chairs and a bench, forming-all the fur- niture of an apartment. The negroes condueted everything; there being but a single or a few white females in a,tav- ern, and these seldom made their ap- pearance. The males were unworthy of the name and added to the unappe- tizing flavor of the establishment a half a dozen or more half clothed negroes surrounded you,glad of the opportunity 323 of waiting on astranger. These tay- erns were elevated on props about four or five feet from the ground leaving a roomy retreat below for the hogs of which each landlord or planter would own a hundred or more. Wil- son Says every night the hogs came to rendezous under the house and with whose charming yocal performance the wearied traveller is serenaded the whole night long, till he is forced to curse the hogs, the “honse, and every- thing about it. AtWashington, NorthCarolina he cros- sed the Tar river and journeed to Wil- mington, a distance of over a hundred miles, and along the whole route there were ouly three taverns, two of which were closed, the landlords having ydied with fever. Later he writes from Charleson; ‘‘the general features of North Carolina, where I crossed it, are immense solitary pine savannas, through which the road winds’ among stagnant ponds, swarming with alligators; dark sluggish creeks of the color of brandy enormous cypress swamps, which toa stranger, have a striking desolate and ruinous. appearance.” Within the re- cesses of these immense cypress swamps lived many rare birds unknown to Wil- son. He attempted to penetrate some of the swamps in search of birds; but was obliged tu give up in despair. however he found many birds on the margins of these swamps unknown in Pennsylvania. Remaining at Wilming- ton a brief time he rode through soli- tary pine savannas, and cypress swamps as he had done before, some- times thirty miles, without seeing a hut, ora human being. All through South Carolina he pursued a circuitous route in- order that he might visit all the planters. 5 Wilson fared even better than his horse for soon after he had left Wilming- ton his faithful steed became exhaus- ted by continual exertion and he was obliged to exchange with.a planter. 324 THE OOLOGIST. getting a veritable southern horse in exchange. He said of his new horse; ‘““two or three times he has nearly brok- en my neck and at Georgetown ferry he threw one of the boatman into the river; but he is an excellent traveller, and for that one quality I forgive him all his sins, only keeping a close rein and a sharp look out.” Our traveler has reached Charleston, at which place he says he was as well acquainted with the streets as he was with those of New York and Boston. He was particularly struck with the super abundance of negroes in Charles: ton, as he wasin all the southern cities, and says that they destroy the activity of the whites. He says that even the bricklayers stand with their hands in their pockets and overlook their negroes. With the exception of the neglect of a few, who agreed to supply him with the names of those likely to subscribe, he was well pleased with the inhabitants of Charleston and added a number of names to his sub- scription list. Wilson heard of General Wilkinson’s arrival in the city, and at once called on him and was rewarded by entering his name on the list and re- ceiving his unbounded praise. Late in Febuary he set out in the di- rection of Savannab, and it was on this journey that he became acquainted with the Ivory-billed Woodpecker, the King of the Picus family. An account of the remarkable experience he had with one ofthese birds appeared a num- ber of years ago in the OOLOGIST un- der the title of ““A Red-headed Family” and from which I reduce the following, as my readers may have forgotten the incident. He wounded an Ivory-billed Woodpecker slightly in the wing, which on being’ caught uttered a con- stant ery, resembling that of a young child. The cry was so distressing, that, as he carried the bird through the streets, people hurried to the windows to see from whence it proceeded. As he drove up to the tavern, the landlord’ and bystanders were much perplexed by Wilson’s asking for lodgings for himself and baby. Finally he uncoyer-. ed the bird much to the amusement and astonishment of the people. He took the woodpecker upstairs, and lock- ed him in a chamber, while he went. to give directions concerning his horse. In less than an hour he returned, and on opening the chamber door he found the bird had mounted at the side of the window, a little below the ceiling, and was battling for liberty by making a hole through the side of the house. The bed was covered with large pieces of plaster, the lath was expused in a. space fifteen inches square, and a con- siderable hole beaten through the lath- ing to the weather boards; so that, had not Wilson returned, it would soon have released itself from bondage. He then tied the bird to the top of a. mahogany table by means of a string fastened’ to its leg and went out in search of suitab¥e food for it. When he returned, he found that it had given vent to its rage by pecking holes in the. table, which was entirely ruined, with blows from its powerful bill. While Wilson was sketching it, it cut him in several places, and displayed such an invincible spirit, that he was tempted to. restore it to the woods. It refused all food, and lived but a few days. At Savannah he found the air as op- pressive as in midsummer in Philadel- phia; although it was early spring the thermometer registered as high as eighty degrees. The streets he said were beds of burning sand. Here he meta naturalist, a Mr. Abbot, who had published a book upon the inséets of Georgia, and who from a long resident of the state and a competent observer, was able to give Wilson a store of infor- mation about the southern birds. At Savannah he was advised to go to Atlanta, where he was assured hé could get fifteen subscribers, but he thought é E : 2.06X1.81,. 2.12x1.70. that would not recompense for the ex- tra expense and trouble. Moreover his health was uncertain and his money getting low, so be decided to return to New York by sea, which he did and ar- rived there in March, 1809. He says himself that his southern trip was the most arduous and fatigu- ing he ever undertook. Yet as far as subseribers were concerned this trip was more profitable than the northern, for now he had succeeded in gaining two hundred and fifty dn all, nearly two hundred of which were obtained in the south, but he said they were obtained ata price worth more than five times their amount. The greatest benefit de- rived from this journey consisted in the great mass of information obtained eoneerning the birds which winter in the South, and some that never visit the Northern States. Notes on the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa. Thinking possibly that a few of my no A Problem. It is a curious fact in studying birds, that we often find two nearly re- lated species replace each other in one locality though they both have the same range. I have seldom taken a walk without seeing one or more Scarlet Tanagers, yet I have seen but one specimen of the Summer Tanager though I am told the N THE OOLOGIST. latter was once the more abundant of the two. There is another instance which I wouid like to relate. To my certain knowledge Ihave never seen an Or- chard Oriole in this vicinity while the Baltimore is very abundant. Upon going to central Illinois, I found the reverse of the case presented, the Or- chard Oriole was present and the Bal- timore absent. An observing resident informed me that he had never seen one though on a constant outlook for them, and, I may add the presence of the Baltimore is not hard to detect. Many instances of a like character might be related. [Lam at loss in as- signing a reason for this, as I do not think the locality can be unfavorable. Can any of the readers enlighten me? G. POTTER, Peru, Ind. A Captive Screech Owl. On the morning of Feb. 10th we cap- tured a Screech Owl of the red type in our barn, where he had been driven by the storm. I kept him in the loft for three weeks and so had a good opportunity to study him. I found that he slept in the morning, when it was al- most impossible to awake him, but was very lively in the afternoon. He seemed to prefer to eat at night. He killed two large rats either of which would cer- tainly have outweighed him; a feat which surprised me very much. I have heard him give three distinct notes. One is like twee-ee-ee, twee ee ee, ee-a, ee-a. -Another is ov made entirely in the throat. His alarm note is made by snapping his beak. J have never hoard him give the schreeching notes in cap- tivity. He measured as follows, wings spread, 19 in.; length, 104 in.; tail 3 in,; ear tufts, 14 in. W. E. AIKEN, Benson, Vt. dol A Peculiar Nesting Site. It was early during the collecting of the spring of 1890 that my attention was called to the peculiar nesting site of a pair of Yellow-shafted Flickers which I shall describe. On a small hill about a quarter of a mile distant from my home stood a haystack which had been placed there two years..prior to the time of which I write. ‘The neighbor to whom _ the stack belonged eut it through the mid- dle and hauled away one portion of it, leaving the other standing with one end smoothly trimmed. Soon after the opening of the follow- ing spring when I happened to pass that way I saw a pair of Yellow-shafted Flickers about the stack, which showed signs of wanting to make that a ‘“‘fixed habitation.” One bright morning a few days later when passing I was greatly amused at the efforts of one of the pair. It was clinging to the perpendicular end of the stack, and throwing out chipped straw from an excavation which it was at work on at arate to defy competition. The work on the excavation was con- tinued through nearly a week. Of course it was interspersed with frequent romps and song and games of peek-a-boo aronnd the fence posts, a very chazact- eristic performance for Flickers which have hit on a nesting site and are pro- gressing in its completion. When completed the excavation was about twenty inches deep. The en trance was made eight féet or more above the ground. The burrow was two and one-half inches in diameter and was dug directly into the stack for six inches then turned directly down- ward and was slightly enlarged at the bottom. The nest was composed of chips 0 straw. The depositing of the eggs soon followed the completion of the nest, and on the 28th of May 1890, I took 332 oe ES OOS ETE MOOI OCS a fine set of seven eggs which are at present in my collection. The pair lingered around and after. the usual time deposited a second set which was taken June 14th. The birds centered about the place until autumn, During that winter the portion of the stack was removed. The Flickers returned the following spring and after a brief sojourn uy left for parts unknown. I never have been quite able to un- derstand the philosophy of their choice of this nesting site, for woodland is abundant here. A wooded creek was less than a half mile distant while large orchards and groyes abound on every hand. Was it not sheer laziness on their part? Wii A. BRYAN, New Sharon, Ia. Western New York Naturalists’. Association. At the last meeting of the Association it was decided to hold the next meeting in Rochester. the third. Saturday in March next, for busines only. It has occurred to me that asthe more important business will before then have been eared for by the board, it might be advisable to provide for a public meeting, presentation of papers, exhibition of specimens etc:, and I should be pleased to hear from each member as to what they think about if, also to receive any suggestions. Yours Sineerely B. 8. Bowvisu, Chairman Arrangement Com. Phelps, N. Y., 12-20-98. A Few Hints About Climbing. Use, with spurs, a strong pliant, three-fourth inch rope, 6 feet long, with ends knotted. Wear buckskin gloves: Pass rope around tree. I? trunk is quite uniform take a single coil of the rope about each hand, adjusting hands far enough around the trunk to draw the body quite well up to the tree, ne As you rise and the trunk gets smaller, wrap more coils around: one hand, or both. If there is a big crotch to pass, get good spur hold, cautiously unwind coils, hug one hand to the tree, bend back a little, draw the other hand, keep- ing rope taut, around and up into the crotch. Always carry a light ten foot rope in a pocket. toward you, part way up, make a spiral and get on the other side. In a poplar thicket of small trees climb two trees, a foot on each. P. B, PEABODY. 4} a OBITUARY. of Austin fF. Park—A Scientist of Wide Attainments. Death The death of Austin Ford Park oe- cured Sept. 25 at his residence 62 Seventh Street, Lansingburgh, N. Y. after an illness since August from ty- phoid fever. The deceased had been a resident of this city more than fifty years and was widely known as one of the most devoted and best informed or-.. nithologists. : Mr. Park was the possessor of one of the finest collections of birds in the country. The collection, many speci- mens of which were found. by himself, embraced nearly every species of bird life in North America, and even now, in its apparently perfected state, was con- sidered by Mr. devoted was he to his wish for a collee- tion that would be second to none. It was not an uncommon thing for him to be seen tramping through the woods and marshes in this locality in seareh ofnew specimens He possessed an almost infinite fund of information concerning the habits of the denizens of the air. His collection is estimated to he worth from: $8,000 to $10,000. [| We are indebted to Mr. Harvey C. Campbell, Lansingburgh, N. Y. for the above clipping. Hp.] The famous German ornithologist, August Karl Edward Baldamus, died at Wolfenbuttel, Germany, a short time since. He> was 82 years old, and the founder of the German Ornithologi- eal society. Baldamus had one of the largest collections of birds’ nests and — birds’ eggs in. Europe. He wrote a number of books on birds. If a tree trunk bends © Park still unfinished, so: THE COLOGIST. 333 NCVEMBER CONTEST. Sixty-five Judges. Prize winners and credits received by each were as follows: Raptores of Michigan. 308. 2. Migration. 175. 3. Sora and Virginia Rails. 144. 4. The Game Bird of the Prairie. 141 5 2. a Some Notes on the Wild Turkey. The following articles were each awarded a year’s subscription to the O6LOGIST. With the Prairie Warbler. 52. Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Raven, Baltimore Co., Md. 51. The Judges’ prizes were awarded as follows: Loch 1—IwWio 27, Vive Ch Ableneoy = 1Oibrowneeys ING eee Gack: 2 = Now 525 /C. Bs Parker, Oberlin; Kans. exact. 3.—No. 22. Cyrus R. Crosby, Crosby, Neo 4..8. 5 4.—No. 49. Raymond C. Osburn Vanatta, O. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5. 5. No.4. N.G. Van De Water, Gret- ay, NT. YC I Pe ey ee The following Judges were awarded World’s Fair Almanacs: 2. Robt. McPherson, Mass. 3. L C. Andrews, N. Y. 8. J.S. Griffing, N. Y. 9. Fred W. Parkhurst, N, Y. 10. C. Will Beebe, N. J. 16. Clarence Luther, Ark. 82. Claude H. Hall, Tex. 33. Brace & Hunter, Minn. 36. OC. I. Brewer, Ills ? 41. R.P. Gillispie, Miss. 51. H.M. Hall, Calif. 54. H. L. Heaton, Kans. 56. Jacob Bastian, Jr., N.C. 57. A. W. Baylis, lowa. 59. David L. Savage, Iowa. All prizes were mailed on Dec. 27th. ERRATUM. Inthe article on ‘‘Mi- gration’’ in the Nov. OOLOGIST on page 999, fifth line from top of 2nd col., the word ‘“‘delivered” should read derived. Mr. Chas L. Phillips, Taunton, Mass., was the writer of this valuable article. TR AYS If you want any of those extra E 5 heavy alligator covered square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any size from 3in.x3 in. to8in.x8in. We will ship by express at your expense in well assorted nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if you order special sizes and do not leave the assortment to us, they will cost you $1.50 per 100 or $15.00 per 1000. Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, are less than cost. Wecan furnish 3in.x3in.,4in.x4 in.,5in.x5in., 6 in.x6 in., 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in. Order Quick if you want any of the World’s Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. y Can coin big money. Bran new plan. Great craze. Just out. “Good side line.” Biggest chance i ever offered agents.salary or Ccom- 7 mission. Be quick. Goods on credit. Samples.etc..Free. MU L- TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila..Pa. The Worlds Kair at Home! Selected Photographs, printed and Mounted by a Professional Photogra- pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. Address P. F. MARCH, Fern Bank, Hamilton County, O. PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a speciality. Note and letter heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun- dreds of engravings of natural history speci- mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. t.F CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. 7” H. H. & C- S. Brimley, Collectors, Raleigh, N.C. First-class Bird and Mammal Steins and Eggs, Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. War Relics, Stamps, &c.—Send 5 cents for a nice genuine $5 or $10 Confederate bill. A $50 bill will be sent for 10 cts. A set of 7 varie- ties of unused Ecuador stamps Sent for 10 ets. A stamp album and 50 varieties of stamps for 25 cts. 38 Indian Arrows for 10cts. 3 papers over 40 years old. 10 cts. A trial order solicited. Old U. S. stamps wanted. Address, J. E. HANDSHAW, Smithtown Branch, N. Y Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. Vernier and Metric or French System. aOologists! If you care to SAVE TIME and meas- ure your specimens ACCURATE. get one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with Nar dened jaws, 14 in. long, graduated in 1-100 of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad- uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For illus- trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum- pia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,) 334 THE OOLOGIST. SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New London, Wis. ) QNLY DIRECTORY on tare. Guaranteeing 30,000. For ouly 10 cents (regular price 6 cents.) your name, if re- 4 ceived within next 30 = days, will be BOLDLY /ers and others, you will receive hundreds probably thousands, at Tl of valuable Books, f » Samples, Papers, Maga- S——# z1..es, etc. AL free and ati” each parcel with one of ba Y printed on gummed IEE paper, and from Pub- GF~l [=P ly lishers, Manufactur- tl aut your boldly printed ad. eon. EXTRA! We willalso print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are { Be valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 1 vers, ete. are arriving dailv.on valuable parcels of Gol, from all pants of the World. J.A.WARE. THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ.. Department No. 171, Philadelphia , Pa. be y Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, jy @ most accurate, most compact, and most fF i modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. § Catalogues mailed free by is If yow want the best Typewriter, and one that will The Marlin Fire Arms Co., “ outlast any other, communicate with us. We make New Haven, Conn., U.S. A. on'y a strictly high-grade Machine of the first-class--- 7 i just what we think you want. We are NOT in the Type- writer Trust, and do not have to pay dividends on mil- lions of watered stock. Get our prices before pur« chasing. PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y. CAN § 4 Rein . MAKE DAY Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! (an A Mit : at CAVEATS, TRADE MARKs ai : WV ey reside; every body ; SeanTetneie Write toeaay: enclosing 20, Starip Cc 0) PYRI G HT S. and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil CAN I OBTAIN A PATENT? Fora particulars, which will enable youtocommence = Prompt answer and an honest opinion, write to work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. LUNN SS CO. who Mave nad pearly TEL Cans i : : p \ I : municae CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. tions strictly confidential. A Handbook of In- formation concerning Patents and how to ob- tain them sent free. Also a catalogue of mechan- ical and scientific books sent free. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice in the Scientific American. and thus are brought widely before the public with- out cost to the inventor. This splendid paper, issued weekly, elegantly illustrated. has by far the largest circulation of any scientific work in the AY world. &3 _ayear. Sample copies sent free. SE 2 Yh Building Edition, monthly, $2.50a year. Single SF Illustra eaCalalog. “4 Copies, 2 cents. Every number contains beau- oe) tiful plates, in colors, and photographs of new CHAS. K.R EED, cow houses, with plans, enabling builders to show the b2MainSt. WORCESTER.MASS.O% = NNN E"GOn Naw Yom, S61 Baoeosay, #5 TAMP for \ THE OOLOGIST. 835 DUNEHIRE WAGON COMPANY, | DUNKIRK, |) N.Y. [imam | | Ny mh up | | Sgt Patented May 6, 1890. MANUEPIACTURERS OF’ Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays. AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS. Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market. Niagara Falls. Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during the World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fey steps from R. R. Depots—Hlectrie car line passes by its eutrance—and « ‘upies a new ‘three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. TO MY MANY FRIENDS AND PATRONS: I regret to say that my stock and store were badly damaged by fire the 29th day of November. The only goods zot damaged were 1,000 skins from Norway and Sweden, besides 500 North American species. Also, two cases of eggs, to value of $1,800. As I wiil have to store these goods while rebuilding, I shall make some very liberal discounts with the hopes of not having to pack these goods away for three months. Parties wishing to purchase eggs and skins cheap will please drop me a line. I have made arrangements with a dealer to fill all orders for supplies and tools at regular prices. All orders sent to me for sup- plies and tools will receive prompt and careful attention. Taunton, Mass., Dec. 1, 1893. Yours Very Truly, Peo James_P. Babbitt 336 THE OOLOGIST. Our Address during the next few months, will be at either ALBIO®’, N. *%., or 37 1 Cottare Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. You canaddress your orders and letters to whichever address you are the nearer—All matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, should be addressed at Albion. Should you wish to r-ach us personally, you should address “LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and “‘WEBB”, at CHICAGO. Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO. “BIRDS of MICHIGAN” A list of three hundred and _ thir- ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. JUST ISSUED! Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. It is in fact a work on the Birds of the Great Lake Region. and will interest every Ornithol- ogist in Almerica. Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. Address Eh. DAT IN cx Os Albion: IN. AVe. CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED Publishers, Patentees. Manufacturers, etc., are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, etc Brunn’s sueccessis marvelous, and will open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, to be mailed to business men, new, profitable and permanent employment to one man.woman or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. and Canada. “The early bird catches the worm.’’ Wewant afew such ads. a8 Brunn’s (sample below) to start with in this month’s MAMMOTH dition of AGPNTS HBRALD No. APS, papers. samples.ete through- y out Glackhawk and surrounding connties Hae only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN ‘Waterioo, Ia. Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June 90. He began during the summer. That ad. paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who employ you of $7 per 10C@0 =Ten firms may each send you 1000 at the same time. making 1000 packages of 10 each. for distributing which you would promptly receive $30, 15in advance and $15 when work is done. Parents make your boy a present. Start them in this growing bus- iness. Begin this neat business before some one in your county gets the start of you. ““Come in on the ground floor.” Instructions How to Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor ONLY, who sends us $240 cash or postage, stamps for a # line “‘ad ” AGENT'S HERALD, No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pax YOUR FUTURE t 1s a ee if al OV &.| ae oP UE Aad ee atucry Sun SS 1S ~N “ro of ve a Fs) ee SS Bracelets of Ifo ee eos SiS IS IN YOUR OWN HAND. Palmistry assumes to tell what the lines in your hand indicate. It will amuse you, if nothing more. The above diagram almost explains itself. The length of the LINE OF LIFE indicates probable age to which you will live. Each BRACELET gives you thirty years. Well-marked LINE OF BEAD denotes brain power; clear LINE OF FORTUNE, fame or riches. Both combined mean success in life; but you must keep up with modern ideas to win it. You will find plenty of these in Demore-t’s Family Magazine, so attractively pre- sented that every member of the family is enter- tained. Itisa doz -n magazines in one. A CLEAR LINE OF BEART bespeaks tenderness: a straight LINE OF FATE, peaceful life; the reverse if crooked. A well-defined LINE OF HEALTH spares you doctors’ bills; so will the health hints in Demorest’s. No other magazine publishes 60 many stories to interest the home circle. You will be subject to extremes of high spirits or despond- ency if you haye the GIRDLE OF VENUS well marked: keep up your spirits by having Demorest’s Magazine to read. By subscribing to it for 1894 you will receive a galiery of exquisite works of art of creat value, besides the superb preminm: picture, 17x22inches, ‘I’m a Daisy!” which is almost a real baby, and equal to the original oil painting which cost $30; and you wil have a magazine that cannot be equaled by any in the world for its beautiful Hlustrations an? subject matter, that will keep you posted on all the topics of the day, and all the fads. and different items of interest about the household, besides furnishing interesting reading matter. both grave and gay, for the whole family ; and while Demorest’s is not a fashion magazine, its fashion pages are perfect, and you get with it, free of cost, all the patterns you wich to use during the year, and in any size you chi ose. Send in your subscription at once, only $200, and you will really get. over $25.00 in value. Address the pub- lisher, W. Jennings Demorest. 15 East 14th St., New York. If you are unacquainted with the Magazine, send fora specimen copy. A large QUAD- RANGLE means honesty; a large TRIANGLE, generosity; long FIRST DIVISION OF THUMB, strong will; LONG SECOND DIVISION, reason- ing faculty. The MOUNT OF JUPITER betokens ambition; that of SATURN, prudence ; the SUN, love of splendor; MARS, courage; MOON, imagina- tion: VENUS, love of pleasure; and MERCURY, intelligence. Take our advice as above and you will be sure to possess the last and most valuable yuality, ae OOLOGIS|, FOR THE Se lCNT OF BIRDS, es Nests AND EGGS. WOMEN TE: OXI /NIEIBMOINGS Wie WG FRANK H. LATTIN, PUBLISHER, A. M. EDDY, PRINTER AND BINDER, ALBION, N. Y. 1894. INDEX TO VOL. XI]. wee eeee99, Low Accident, A CuriouS,....e.creccce Accidental Death of Birds ......... WMGVICO. Al LTtti@.... a cccce cence ccccceance aces 216 Albinistic Eggs.......... Sfeveteletelelsicletele 98 Albino eggs of the ‘Gr peattonaee Spark ow...-313 Alewife...... ........ ateteletelelersieioistevetaisielsveletereteraterels 173 American Ornithologist’S Union.....eecccseed!0 Anhinga..... efeleleleta(etieleinieieiefelsteretelsleiclelsitele Gooden ole! Aquarium, Collecting for an.....0..secece---. 244 Arizona, Dove Lifein ....... oboe BA00.0000 229, 243 Audubons’s Biography, Notes From...... Sonn eo 00000 - 201, 231, 261, 281, 3808, 3%5, 362 Bagg, Egbert........... alcielelelslatelelsielaiclelsinictetolerfa eto) SAL AHAGC selcienislaisisicwlelaleicieciel.\-) clvieleele 590000 aoocooty! Barbarism of Fashion, The..................- 367 BES AVAL Soe AtmVVicteietsreliclatarelatalalalcleictelelaislelslelesoloieseiaielersiarare 267 isthyol, IstAkel{\ooqqq0 oo00 booo DHUDOO DOUOOUUOCIDO.0b00 285 “OOS AVeq00bb000 dQ00bad00 od00 go0ndabaKd du aU ee CrlOULE Clisteterepelejeicinersicieleieieiencloiele bHOsCO bobo Lesos 305 26 ILEWAoocd ccac Pededodsnancooacdaos felelselet OOD Bird Life, Phe Study Of.... cece veiseccces oc 825 SCMVLOSSeteveisicleieiesionersisiels GuHoO5oG0000 a A peadae 285 SPE Ga LOlsictisteiaisieleteiefoteisia sletelelstarcleratedstetelelsist ey iGO) ‘* Skins, Values of.. Motatetelsta saxclctelerreelilisie Lo, Bird Slaughter, Brot een ae Sansa Bic 361 ERIN CVO ll Owvgetetcisietetcie’e cioloievelelelstefeleieicisieieleisieieieier=leieie 305 Birds From Six Eggs, SA. acldosauaseuensesee Birds, Observations OD..........--...seeeceee 312 Birds of North America, A List of.-.........219 Bishop, Dr. L. B............ o0004G06 db q000d0 baculs Bittern, AMeYriCaN....c0...seceeecceeel 42, 181, 359 Bittern, Least............... eareistelelstcicieistateeresies 182 Blackbird, Crow..... Mietolotalete otehcietelreleletaieteletoerrel= 805 Blackbird, Red-winged.. epretesieilerets 5006 11,52, 53, 149, “181, 234, 288, 301, 334 Blackbird, Sailor ingMil@Gls scons seseosi 181, 182 Black-breast.........- afetaleiaiotetepeistersta a00.q000 DUOC 296 ALAC KI CA Cs Aiviereleielelsleleiciel c\slcleiolevelsieiehefsivisiciel'sie ove. 99 ' Blackhead, Creek,..... Comaanieareranae tae BopubeaDOGOCe DD Blackhead Little........ aoudodacooa bncadE 6) Goo %e) Bluebird........- nonoaee 06 dconadode “53, 234, 288, 334 BORN A HNial IhaKep-qoYeralsthyeloqoqgod cages aodaudGodG doco! Bobolink......... Good dconacda deoc00 onGG0D 139, 142 OD=willbestetrelceeieticielvicecicleseicieleistelelslsicieleleieisielel Gospel ad. Bob-white, Florida.. mooD aHOGdHN GoDdoGus b50¢ 00000 oilil Bob-white, Some Experience with the Young of the Ruffed Grouse and.......359 IBVEsWahe cagpocOGdD CD00 cd0d 0000 NOnUOaOGOCGdODa Ugo 2 96 TS ADhL, Vayama, 1836 Gano gaggc0Ad0e0do meistatelachvelels ongsooZe 8} Broadwings of °92 and '93, My......--...+.e0 169 Bubos at Home, A Pair Of.......0...ee000s apo Ee) Buffelhead.. added Pasi eepa a eitcekeee etcyre gD! Bunting, Black- rene ate Selvicleiisisitele ls 7200 Bunting, Snow....... weleletetieseeetole bod bsnRde ddan IBN HSI ORNL ooagocoospo nsoneond Goda cdod cd0od00000S 95 (CAE AVGIET So cob0b Goon caoboonU.GDdoS DboONOO AcOnoOdees 56 CananyseAwE Tr Oliti Cherctnercderersctererrietelsteteinslenstetersie soe Chyna, WiWallllonad 6000 Goas-60000 ariatcleslescieteraiste 240, 805 (Ohh AH oO, oa6 good. gad 00 bd00. den ODDO 0000 «95, €58 CaTGinale recess. /-ticiele o0G000 codg uqooDObR) Pak BH sBut Gathirdemesssceeeres 53, 142, 283, 255, 301, 327, 334 Chat, Yellow-breasted..... atefetele late pndodo00 326, 327 SH AWUCAU QUA jee < ciale ccleiniere ciciniele ace eines sejeranc Ors (ChoienwmabMecounogopo6 cesu coun coubooubUda Loco oodoce oa CHICK ACSC are itevstaraterelos eiotereisicrelorersctelaictolnjatetstetatetsre 253 Chickadee, Black-capped..........51, 207, 327, 334 Chickens, Cary......... Gdacuarbooono podoDo bade 329 CHICKENS LTA C)eaiereseleitelelsi-ereleclelsjeiseieleletoul tesp CUS, CHip yin dW CST apts celerelates-t-fcleveleiels slekeleleleioleyaletls 208. Hii Wypeteletetelaloteseiielatereleleetereialcletevelera(e Satgdodsad code 305 CoailewEleninya Kern trsiiicle ceteris Sadomandoocacde 217 Cock, Chapparal.... .... mfetsinisiaksiersca-talclals shiaialaiatele 265. Collecting: Vive! Birds... cece 1.5 cu nciseccen do: Collecting, viz:— Oological................327,337 Collections, Washington School.............. 370) (Chapa¥edovanKereyalosisondgasonodd cgaoudooododooGeno Heel Coot. . Ben Le cae iayal pelle hostel cian Clause gabe ee TODD: Coot, nerican adsodd ooas codg.coeu vo00CG 96, 142, 182 Coots, Sea..... | Noo bdgodo odaodolda a boon ocau soo0Gs COLMOTANG BAUS srejoreicls separa sie lsicielelel sielsisieler cS Cormorant, Double-crestcd........see.... sone 282 CWOWiDITG etic ccc Dos DOs OOO ZOD MAO! Crane Gre aibiavvelibO se cjererereyafetereialeveleleieieleickel-laretoite 263 Crone Jie WaVelsooesoooon 660000 50;60000%0 CO DGan0C 282: Crane, Nesting of the Whooping.......------. 263 Crane, Sandhill......... bdocdo dood ccbO S50 263, 357 OVD Goodaacuude hoad.coocc0ed Vovsodewoobe Good oo 142 (Oreos, Atesooco 50000 ars oves wiv ckaiura soy sreletiolsisietsie elsheleleva oe Ol Creeper, Brown .........+6 piereteielatelcnicleteteieleleteictelelo Os CKO WA wATME Ca Mleeeieiclorelelerelsioivicicielsiciekeloietaleieleiele ..51, 93, 141, 142, 147, 207, 232, 233, 256, 304, 310: Crow, Nidification of The Fish.........+ 60 poset) Crow, Rain.. eetertetetareie -. 26 Crows, The enegnerets of, cane Other INOS. 241 Cuckoo, Black-billed......... sacgoabbo00000 53, 301 Cuckoo, Yellow’billed.............58, 233, 301, 33 Cudlip, Howard .... 2.20.22. eee ccee wees cece eee 49) Curlew, Eskimo...........2.. AdoobooouIDOad bo0d 137 Curlew, Long-billed........ cle terkasdopeisislenejelaonetaiels 137 @urlewASickle-=billled eye c seuss ail sieloleielelielelersifelotele 137 Data and Field Books, Hints About..... poop US) Davie’s ‘‘Methods in The Art of Taxider- TW Ys cbo0 5000 00000 pnogoceses Dieleanar Tae Goddcodeaeuoog dd05 Sonpadoca g0qcoO HOM DipPeL ie. -c- sce cieces elohicnatoievalohalststheyeiefelciele\eroteterctaCe 95. Dissolution of F. i. Lattin & CO... 6... s ccs 287 Dodge, Harold H..... .....562 enc nces cree e eens 243 Domestication of the Ruffed Grouse and Bob-white.......... gdo60a6gca0 da. Gotd ON6 359 Dove, INGA... .cccee..-- sscce A obiagogaoonNcodaG 22% THE OOLOGIST. “Dove Life in AViZONA........eeseeeeeveveera9, 243 Dove, Mourning...... 50, 139, 142, 229, 234, 288, 334 Dove, White-winged.......cccccccee+ses vevvee ta) DOWiItCher. . 2.0. ceccaecs.s oe odade66ed000 sa ccucod st DAL CAVA CONT ie ialeresersieneleiclelere dad A odood. 60.0000 aboqdoe) Duck, American Scaup.......+ cece oo aso06o.dob0 95 Duck, Black..... 0000000 820000 90006000 o600 000 52, 94 DUCK AE CLOW ea VC Oierelaesievcieieicicleleleleleleloreleleieieletelsieleleie9 0) IDWGle, IDM eye occadon0 0000 0000 c06n od0000000 dboa00 94 IDWiekc, (Caan doodouddde dognoDad do606000000 oo coco Duck, WeSSerSCAUP. eee ccsr «ciceejes)+ veces. 569) Duck, Long tailed......... odoooo00 6dou0d c00000 95 DONNER, IRE NtItic codnd Hada d000.0000 ddGU000 cod0 DoOGOO ce:ct) IBY UKE|ie) TewbKelChviccnodasdsoceGaand gdoa0 66b08a000 95, 182 ‘Duck, Summer....... nara ehofanial ateratelalosaisisninversivisiets 95 ID WIG ie) UMUEY2) o o5a9004600.0060 0000 000 000000 GUD0 50 co008)3) IDWOlES) \WVi@OGlasac 6000 paH06000 addo DODDDOOS600 2000 9D Eagle, Golden........ 5500000600 bo0000 0000010000 243 Eaglein Indiana, The Golden....... sodd00000 184 Eagles in Missouri, Bald.....e..ssceevsssce sees 00 Hagles in Sontheast Michigan, Reappear- AN COOLS Ail Cievetleieie) ste} =taleloieislelelareleleiatereistenelersteroll Melly Lebaol Fal 656 Gnooodacqadd UdooODbodGK0 Good 184 MGS, SHAPSS OF... sce cccccccvcscccccscc cesses GU Exposition, SportSMen’s......sccccceesees see: 370 Field Books, Hints About Data and.......... 139 Field Notes, A Few............ Gou.cdood aHaosodn 233 Finch, Grass........ alata ee rarsevatets cis 6 6500008000 337 CHV EY CESII Cliereteveicteveieieleisteleve Da0D'0e00:006. Gbad Dada GoD0 355 MEET RHEW ATT Oe pees vote nia tarebe tes eet ateteioieraplonieterotetoieretate 305 IMistals ZN INOW SI ONCKES) Oli ood} g0n000 cabd. 0500000000 56 DAKINE Gibuodd sods sondioeaoodeco 2253, 94, 146, 240, 334 TMK @ee. Jno os} e 124 RobiTOs5oo0qc6-4¢0000 400000060 5D MMickersRedsShiatte dtr ecteelieiner cieleeeleieiele 49, 288 IDIOMS. WAVE Nie) obbayes = Ga dooigamicooo GoabIe G60 GOO00d 7 Florida, A Collecting Trip in.................. 11 Elycatcher, Crested....:................00288, S04 EMV CALCHETEMAUC AS bepcleilelseeleieislelevatctelsioictersaieisieere 301 Hiv abeChers PEW arciseie aeiclelleietecvrecsieleisisie 285,306 EUV Cat GhersvE 6 walleye sielerehecieiene eleleucioe ecient 285 MVCarehert amr aillispreneleriercerinceciocnnneee 306 iDtorRole, \WV/GMligehs: diiscooonbo cud chao dodeacdeuododcos 268 TOV SOLOW Siaeeiserelcceeieterelele S06e6b c000 0000 232, 256 IED ANE ub Ol soap oono anog ooouIGGUUOS coda dann Goad 49 Gadwall..... Saoopdaoacodhopaads pndd'acicc 94, 182, 358 Godwit, Marbled........... dao canesbsouaco 97, 359 Golden-eye, AMeCriCane).ccjccccscisc ses soe. 9D, 309 Goldfinch, American.............. 53, 244, 327, 334 Goldhineh Arizona cccscikccemeccicdscererice 2183 COldhNeh; sHULOPeAaMiye coe scrieciienciniecceieeeciter 53 ‘Goldfinch, Some Notes on the Habits of the Arkansas..... dlocon.gaa0 wee cccccsssceee tt) Goose, American White-fronted.......... 96, 358 Goose, Canada.............. o0eee 96, 142, 243, 358 Goose, Lesser Snow.............eccceees++ 95, 358 Ginachle PAs WiHIGe acre coin cislele siete eieiscissielciels 0050000048 Grackle, Bronzed........e0 odgadeséoa cous 142, 234 Grackles Parle) seicieelisicceiclepeteictele 202, 53, 802, 334 ETE WEEKES SoondodqoooD seoboU sHoo Uode cade cbo0 D0Ce 97 "GLrOSDC AK, SM VEMIN EG? secisicricisiemrccine cicieesieme eee 84 Grosbeak, Rose-brested.......... 255, 326, 327, 357 Grouse and Bob-white, Some Experience With the Young of the Ruffed........... 359 ‘Marsh-hen, Saltwater............00.- Grouse, Columbian Sharp-tailed............- 182 GROUSE PE MM ALEC eicteemalorelvrervelelelereretaleieleleloe rel syateneleters 138 Grouse, RUPfEd.... 0.0... ce cece cece neee 137, 138, 208 GueliG Congest cerctveclalvisiiesteloievecisiete SoonoDac lar Guillemot, Black.............. hucseucaoucoce eodol Gull, American Herring.......................53 Guhl aoe NhbSoococend Gaooou00d0a005 C000 192, 357 Gull, Nesting of the Western..............20. 253 Gull, Ring-billed............. 141, 142, 182, 183, 358 Gull, Slough.........-..... elictevevelelerelolsietsieierattensteicts 141 Gull, Western Herring........ccecccsecccsssceeddd Tale LEIIEYEN$Go56'c000 0000 0600 dodo 00500600 DOODOOOOLS) Hawk, Broad-winged.........:...2.+ee eee 52, 169 Hawk, CoOOper’s....... cree cece cece cece coos 52, 169 lalehiis JEW Neoga cago doco noon adodeuaoU oOda000 oe ee0 30D a WAG, IMA SIS o6q0 soonotiodncc000d ccdaooKbNd 305 Sandpiper, Bartramian...... ........ 137, 141, 142 Sandpiper Weast ee Vfl wes cleleioiveselets or 142 Sandpiper, Pectoral ....................66 142, 359 Sandpiper, Red-backed.... ............. 2... 97 Sandpiper, Semi-Palmated.................... 359 Sandpiper, Spotted..................65 53, 331, 334 Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied...... ...... jeidiere «0 L46 ScotenvAmericaneeoaccsce cect ci eeieieeieiicise 95 SEclmasiiGrals soo'coo bb00900000. uuGde 06 Shc ERMaCaeIiG 96 Shad Spirit.............. See alioeetake dasa elects 173 SALISH apres ete eteretsore ielotate oko) eietaiencisteretoressisieysiars 253 Shapesiothl sesh -eestiiccioen eciaceileisersicc 280 Shrike; Woggerhead. 3 fo. cece jer) sees 11 Shrike, White-rumped.......... ............. 183 SHoupbOReIPo A soocdesd: saboouged 650 AcHoo HD00Gd DOOD OE 95 Siskin, My firstjSet of Pine................... 185 Svavleyge IDoredbislnessooqodcas odeaddcs scdoug0000Rc 53 Shamma, \Wysany (Ch Sanco cpp ensobcoousooSouodOOO! cas 49 Snipe, Mneglish..- 2. 12. 125k. oes ee ewe smell Snipes Grey-backwesemeceiecrieie ilar eres 97 Snipewlirishbesca-rececece secs cence cr 173 Snipe, Jack..........6 GURbH SnanecaBaaas OoodouD 173 Snipe, Robin.......-.....-. NES EERO GIS CIEE 2.97 Snipe, Robin-breast.......... ....e. see cece ee ee 97 Snipe, Wilson’s........ ..-..-+.22-- see 2 96, 172 SNOW Makerere aeieceleclocterieetecl ime retheietere sical SnydersbredyD renee cece sneaer ascicen selacre 267 SOI ogo Sono cobe does ONdD. OadO Doers DOTROOOoCOO! An 96 Southerly; SoOwba eee le wisieiciselstelels\nicsevsialotesie 95 Sparrow, Albinos of the Grasshopper....... 313 SHAMAN IEE aooonacpocodEsHbooboCododD UbN 182 Sparrow, Chipping ........... 58, 234, 301, 327, 334 SPALLOW, WOMSTSD) own Pelican; Breeding Habits of American Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88. Nos. 4-35. Combined number,—Reminiscences of 1886; Trip to Seven Mile Beach; Defense of . 0 os. (iwru Work in Waukesha Co., Wiscon- sin: Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black Snowbird; Notes for Coilectors; Some of our Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo Tnternational Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep. Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os- prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes; A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con- trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A Pleasant Excursion; Sp.wrows and Cat; Her- mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu- pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct., Nov. Wo. 3«.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afternoon’s Col- lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from St. izuwwrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N. we E. Indiana; Bank Swallow: Faunal Changes, —DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ; 10 short articles. Dec., ’88 VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue. No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete and Exhaustive Index of Volume V.; Breed- ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush and Brown Thrasher; From Western North Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul- iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus; Cuckoos : Notes from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short articles. Jan., ’89. No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6% pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ; Birds of lowa; The ‘Critic’? Criticised; 8 short articles. Feb., ’89. No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam- mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary ; Birds of Macon County, Ga.; Collecting Ex- perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short articles. March, ’89. No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (3 pages) : Nest- ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets and Eggs of a Few of our Commoner Birds ; Difference between White-rumped and Log- gerhead Shrikes: Birds of Grafton Co., N. H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check- List; 6 short articles. April, 89. No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y. (6% pages); The Robin; The Crow in the North; Bald Eagle’s Nest: Making Bird Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89. No. 44.—Birds of Matthews To., Va.; Changes in the Nesting of Birds; Collecting Tour in Florida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference between White-rumped and Loggerhead Shrikes; Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota; Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles. No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas Notes; Goldfinch in Confinement; Burrowing Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond- ents; 5 short articles. July, ’89. : No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida (2 pages) ; Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk ; Untime- ly End of a Set of Brown-headed Nuthatch Eggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ; Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz Association ; 4 short articles. Aug., ’89. No. 47.—‘‘Old| Abe” Jr.; A Day’s Collecting Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow- rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower, Flight of Dutks; White-esed or Florida Tow- hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short articles. Sept., 789. No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County, Mich. (2% pages); American lLong-eared Owl; Wood Ibis in Tllinois; Birds of Bertie Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A White Sparrow: Nests and Hees of North American Birds; Black Tern; 8 short articles. No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel- low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill; Birds Moving their eggs; Cardinal Grosbeak : To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of the Birds of North America arranged accord- ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) ;5 short articles. Nov., °89. No: 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from our Correspondence; Marsh Hawk; Yellow- headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12 short articles. Dec., ’89. VOLUME VII. ® No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes on Florida Birds (3 Dares) ; Ornithology and Bicycling; Audubon Ornithological Club; Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen; Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter Swan;4short articles. Jan., ’90. No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-heaaded Nut- THE OOLOGIST. hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex- perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob- white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood- pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat- catcher and Tufted Tit; 6 short articles. Feb. No: 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida; Birds of Mackinac Island, Mich. ; Among the Gulis on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even- ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac- tus Wren; Screech Owl in Captivity ; Taking Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, ’90. No. 54.—Caged Eagles: Evening Grosheak (2 pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Red- bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ; Hardly Ornithological; 10 short articles. Apr. No. 55.—Do Birds Mate More than Once?; Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated Woodpecker in Florida; Bird Protection; Chinese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon; Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A Valuable Work: Davie’s New Work on Taxi- dermy ; 12 short articles. May, ’90. No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster- eatcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird ; Albi- nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re- cording the number of Birds Observed: Book Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural History Camp (414 pages); 12 short articles.Je. No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe+ Voracious Mountain Trout; Yellow-billed Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough- ‘winged Swallow; Great Horned Owl; Some Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant: Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler; 12 short articles. No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas: White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita- tion; Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici- ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti- cles. Aug., ’90. No. 59.—The Use of the Camera in the Field; Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the Black Snowbird; Marsh Hawk. Plain Tit- mouse; Lost Opportunities: The Magnolia Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short articles. Sept., ’90. No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field. A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated witb 4 hoto engravings); The Flathead (Mentana) ield; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A Collecting Adventure; The Ruby-throated Hummingbird; Ornithologists at Indian- apolis; The Burrowing Owl; After ‘‘Gators’ Eggs; Notes from Northern Minnesota. Oct, ’90. No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingsird (Fairies in a Fairyland) (38'4 pages); Notes from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham- ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habitas tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con- topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi- dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias; The Pro- thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia Rail; The Yellow Rail in Mich.; An Outline of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 short arti- cles. Nov., ’90. No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New re eee The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes trom island Lake, Florida; 3 short articles. ec.. '90. VOLUME VIII. No. 68 contains 24 pages. No, 64, 32 pages. No, 86-67, 36:pages inclndiug cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers 8 74 also contains an additional 4 page in- No. 68.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co.,N. J.; Now,— The Time to Wage War on the English Spar- row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow- Bird’s nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk; On Owl's Tenacity to Life; Western Horned Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg; Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy; 5 short articles. Jan. °91,' *° No, 64.—Flycatcher Notes;' Collecting in the Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel- low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird; Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col- lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect- ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in the Northwest. Title pages for binding with complete and exhaustive index for Vol. vii. 4 short articles. Feb. ’91. No. 65.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ouzel; An Ornithological Paradise; ‘‘The English Sparrow Must Go"; Fond Mothers: Passen- ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST; Caracara or Mex- ican Hagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Harly Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged Hawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91 No. 66-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the- Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(64% pages); Ran- dom Notes onthe Belted Kineg-fisher; The Hnelish Sparrow! A Few Articles for the Collector; Sereech Owl; Western Meadow Lark; Hermit Thrush; Aves urbis, A Much Occupied Nest! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting of the Red-talled Hawk: Cooper’s Hawk: The Bagles ot North America; Nesting of the Black-capped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co., Mich.: Nesting of the Purple Finch; The Red eyed Vireo; Bird Lite of an Islet; Migration of the Canada Goose; Association of ‘Ameri- can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright's Flycatcher:8 short articles. Apr. and May 91. No. 68.—The Hummingbirds of California; Ring Pheasant; The Carolina Wren; Ameri- can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi- gan Ornithology: A Duty to Perform; Great Horned Owl; Enemies of Our Feathered Friends; Queex, Neighbors; Bird Migration, June ‘91. No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair o? Brown Thrashers; The Chewink in Or- leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black- bilied Cuckoos; Changes in*Michigan Orni- thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The Wrens of North Carolina: What causes the Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better Report from Texas; Items of Interest from Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. '91. No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru- fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome Co., N. Y,.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha- gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car- olina Snow-bird; Black and White Creepers; Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes from Oregon; Answers to that Turkey Vul- ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz- zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s Fair Notes. Aug. ‘91. No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping: War- bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar- City, “Mich; Michigan Notes; hite-crowned Sparrow; A Rap- row in Ba Gambel’s THE OOLOGIST. bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslows Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and Ornithologists ;The Ruby-throated Humming- bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found a Killdeer’s Nest;Range of the Towhee; Owls as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted Grosbeak Widower; 5 short arts Sept. °91. No. 72.—The Screech Owl; The Divers: In Fa- vor of an Organization: What is the Most Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists Association; Harlan’s Buzzard andthe Red- tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ- ation of Scientists; A Trip to Cobb’s Island; One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in Northwest Canada.” ‘‘Fremde Hireim Nest.” 5 short articles. Oct. ’91 No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely Letter: Western Robin; Western New York Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo- gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or “Chewee’; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts”; The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found Breeding in the Vicinity. of Peoria Ills; World's Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon Load. Nov. ’91 No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet- backed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo- gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in Arkansas; Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu- tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War- bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar- tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe, World’s Fair Notes. This number also con- tains-a4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology. Dec.. 791. VOLUME IX. No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada; Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo- gists Association; Western New York Natur- alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak; Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The Bronzed Grackle, Prizes for Best Articles; Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager ; “The Way of the Transgressor is Hard” ;*‘Our Birds in Their Haunts.” 5 short articles, this No. also contains a plate in two colors of Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92. ) No. 76—Title pages for binding with complete and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy —The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated) ; Yellow Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated_ Wood- pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for Bald Eagle Nestsin Florida; Partridges and Their Relatives; Notes on Some Peculiar Eggs; Collecting on the Farallone Island; Our Winter Visitors;3 short articles. Feb- ruary ’92. No. 77 A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom- estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Warb- ler’sSong; Some of Our Thrushes; The Spec- imens I Didn’t Get; Notes from South-west- ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip Through ‘‘Wa-hoo Hammock; A True Nat- uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s Nestin Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut; The Crossbill in Iowa; Notes from the Vir- ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds; Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March 92. No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en- graving); Lanius Boreal’s on Deck: A Vaca- tion with the Birds; TheIbis of Ledworth Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The Black Railin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes from Nova Scotia; Scientific Names, Their Use and Beauty; Pointers on Making Bird Skins; Collecting on an European Islet; The Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors; A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well; Eleven short articles. April °92. No. 79.—Acanthis Linaria; Bird Notes from Or- egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Kag- les: Among the ‘‘Blue-grays”’; Treatment of Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip After Beach Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step inthe Right Direction; A Winter Acquain- tance; Are Crows Beneficial?; Spring Open- ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s Song; Wilson’s Snipe; Notes from Southern Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May ’92. No. 80.— A Taxidermist’s Camp (engraved Frontispiece) ; The Purple Finch; South Dak- ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh- bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.;A Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co., N. Y.; Two rare nests, The Chestnut-sided Warbler; Six short articles. June ’92. No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood- pecker; Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co., No. Car.; California Bush-Tit; Nighthawks. in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five short articles. July ’92. No. 82.—Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag- pie; An Oological Trip in Central Illinois; lowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co., Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles August ’92. ‘ No.83.—The Breeding Warblers of Western New York; A Tramp Through Wood and Marshes in Eastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali- fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin- iscences; Six short articles. Sept. ’92. No. 84.—The History and Mystery of Jacob Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbirds; A Collecting Expedition; Five short articles. Oct. °92. f No. 85:—Osteology for Amatuers; Buzzard Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar- ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid- dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks Eggs. November 792. No. 86.—‘‘Cut of Eggs of California Murre”’; Professional Egging; or the Collecting of Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs; Report of West- ern New York Naturalists Association; Two Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology; To the Ornithologists of Illinois; Cerulean Warbler. December ’92. No. 87.—A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold- en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co.. Mich; The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New York City; Two Warblers; A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs ; Wanted—Advice, Twoshort articles. January ’93. No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col- lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for Amateurs; A Collection of North Carolina . THE OOLOGIST. Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California Vulture; A Lucky ] ‘ay; Winter Coilecting or Something about Owls; The Sagacity of Fish Hawks; American Goshawk in Illinois; The Yellow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul- tures Eges; Twenty-one short notes. Feb- ruary °93. No. 89.—Chat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of Michigan; The Winter Visitors of Central Park, N. Y.; Another Day with the Birds of Southern California; The Loggerhead Shrike of Florida; How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes aura: The American Bittern; The Barred Owl; Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds; Great Horued Owlin Iowa; Four short arti- cles. March ’93. No. 90.—RAPTORES OE MICHIGAN—American Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, etc.; A Col- lector’s Gun; The Rough-winged Swallow: A Criticism; Nesting of the Blue-winged Yellow Warbler; Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—Wilson in Scotland; Queer Myths about Birds; Band-tailed Pig- eon; Caspain or Imperial Tern; A Tri-col- ored Blackbird; Another California Trip; Illinois River Valley from an Ornithological Standpoint; Tribulations of tae Oologist (Poetry); Two short notes. April 93. No. 91.—On the Habits of the California Quail in New Zealand; Courtésy and Business in Exchanging; The Raptores of Omaha and Vicinity; A Few Hints on Camping; Short- billed Marsh Wren; The Prairie HornedLark ; Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—His Early Ameri- can Career; Among the Snake Birds; Tri- nominal Nomenclature; Fifteen short arti- oles. May °93. No. 92.—Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine Falcon: Remarkable Flight of Geese; A “Trip for Loon’s Eggs; Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—Wilson and Bartram the Naturalist; Floridian Races; The Embry- ology of a Bird; How to Visit the World’s Fair; A Few More Hints on Scientific Osteol- egy; Seven short articles. June 93. No. 93.—A Study in Orange and Black; Birds as Pets; A Heronry; Notes from Yamhill Co. Oregon; Rare Nestings;: Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—The Planning of His American Ornithology; The Chimney Swift; Among the Least Bitterns; The American Magpie; The Pintail Duck. July 96. No. 91.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—Journey to the Falls of Niagara; Twice used Hummingbird’s Nests; Notes on the Nesting Habit; of the Scissor-tailed Fly- catcher; Nesting Habits of the Hades Plung- er; The History of a Cowbird’s Eggs; Black Tern; The Plumed Partridge; The Long- erested Jayin Colorado; Hash: A Mammoth Egg; Twelve short articles. August ’93- No. 95.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—The Progress of His Undertaking; The American and Least Bitterns in Henry Co. Jll; Cruising and Science; The Rose- breasted Grosebeak at Home; A Narrow KEs- cape; The Sapsucker; The White-tailed Kite and Prairie Falcon in California; The Fair; Four short articles. September ’93. No. 96,—Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—The First Volume of the American Ornithology; Raptores of Michigan —-Broad- winged Hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, etc.; Auld Lang Syne; The Marsh Hawk and Its Eggs; The American Woodcock; Nesting Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens In Travis Co., Texas; Death of B. F. Goss; A Day in the Woods; Bird Wit and the Lack of It. October 793. No. 97—Some Notes on the Wild Turkey; Rap- tores of Michigan—American Rough-legged Hawk, Golden Eagle, Bald Eagle, American Long-eared Owl. etce.; With the Prairie Warbler; Migration; Sharp-shinned Hawk; Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven, Baltimore Co.,Md.; The Game Bird of the Prairie; Sora and Virgiuia Rails; Hight short. articles. November °93. No. 98--Collecting at Night (Poetry); Oology; Nota Criticism; A Nest of the Canvas-back;. Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson— His Southern Subscription Tour; Notes on the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa; Raptores of Michigan—Short-eared Owl, Barred Owl, Saw whet Owl, etc.; A Peculiar Nesting Site;. Six short articles. December ’93. VOLUME XI. No. 99—Title pages for binding with a complete and exhaustive index for Vol. X; Raptores of Michigan—Screech Owl, Great Horned Owl; A Collecting Trip in Florida; Western Warb- ling Vireo; The OOLOGIST’S “Exhibit of Birds Eggs at the World’s Columbian Exposition— A Complete List of the Exhibitors and the Sets They Exhibited (6% pages). Jan. 94. No. 100.—George Newbold Lawrence, with portrait; Letter from John B. Hindtime; Watching Flickers; Finding a Nest of the Hooded Merganser; Some Winter Bird Notes; Along the Outlet Creek;The Spring and Sum- mer Birds of Central Park, New York; Great Horned Owl; White-throated Sparrow in St. Lawrence Co..N. Y.; Bohemian Waxwings; Another Prolific Flicker; Am. White Pelican in Illinois; Six short articles, Feb., ’94. No. 101,—Nesting Habits of the Brown Pelican in Florida.with half-tone;Hvening Grosbeak ;. My Friend Hairy: A Few Thoughts; Nesting of Leconte’s Sparrow; Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson; ‘Collecting Live Birds; Accidental Death of Birds; Maryland Birds that Iuterest the Sportsman; Western New York Naturalists’ Association; Three short articles. March, ’94. No. 102.—Half-tone of a Group of Bob-whites; Maryland Birds that Interest the Sportsman; Hfnts About Data and Field Books; A Col- lecting Trip in Northern Iowa; Scenes From the Life of Alexander Wilson; The Wood- pecker of Minnesota; The American Crow; A Disastrous Season on Pelican Island; Re- markable Tenacity of Bird Life; Notes from the Mid-winter Fair; Accidental Death of Birds; Western New York Naturalists’ As- sociation; Four short articles. April, ’94, No. 103.—My Broadwings of °92 and °93; Wil- son's Snipe; Scenes from the Life of Alexan- der Wilson; An Inexpensive Boat; A Pair of Bubos at Home; Collecting in a Minnesota Swamp: A Collecting Trip in North Dakota; An Karly Find; The Golden Eagle in Indiana; Golden-winged Warbler;My First Set of Pine: Siskins; Three short articles. May, ’94. No. 104.—Notes from Audubon’s Biography; My Loquacious Pct; Migration of the Chim- ney Swift; A Day with the Cooper’s Hawks; Some Winter Bird-life; The Whip-poor-will; Notes on the Barn Swallow: A Crank; The Wren-tit or Ground-tit; Proiect our Birds; Vireonide in Iowa; A Little Advice; Five short articles. June, ’94. No. 105.—Dove Life in Arizona; Notes from Au- dubon’s Biography; Fox vs. Crows; A Few Field Notes; Bell’s Vireo; Nesting Habits of Richardson’s Merlin; Nesting Habits of the Passenger Pigeon; Some Notes on the Habits of the Arkansas Goldfinch; The Language of Crows and Other Notes; Collecting for an Aquarium; Nine short articles. July, ’94. THE OOLOGIST. No. 106.—Nesting of the Western Gull; The 1st Day of June, '94; Nesting Habits of the Kill- deer; The Thrashers’s Song; Notes from Au- dubon’s Biography; Nesting of the Whoop- ing Crane; Habits of the American Wood- cock in Ashtabula Co., Ohio; The Road-run- ner; Nine short articles. Aug., ‘94. No. 107.—Nesting Habits of the Hooded Warb- . Ter; Oology vs. Philately; A Beautiful Hum- mingbird’s Nest; Shape of Eggs; Notes from Audubon’s Biography ;Crane Island:Notes on the Phoebe; Conglomeration; Hutton’s Vireo; Protect Our Birds; Six short articles. Sept., 04. No. 108.—A Study “of Nests; An Oologist of Early Day; Traill’s Flycatcher; Notes from Audubon’s Biography; Nidification of the Fish Crow; Nesting Habits of the Golden- winged Warbler; Observations on Birds; Al- binos of the Grasshopper Sparrow; Three short articles. Oct. 94. No. 109.—The Study of Bird Life; Collecting viz: Oological; Leach’s Petrel; Nesting Hab- its of the Chestnut-sided Warbler; The Or- nithology of a Church Yard; Notesfrom Au- dubon’s Biography; Grasshopper Sparrow in Outario Co., N. Y.; Two short articles. Nov. 94, No. 110.—A Few Notes on the Tufted Puffin, with half-tone of Nest and Egg; The Scarlet Tanager‘ Water Birds of Heron Lake; Some experience with the Young of the Ruffed Grouse and Bob-white; Protest against Bird Slaughter; Half-tone of Orioles Nest; Notes from Audubon’s Biography; Some Queer Habits of Urinator imber; Methods in the Art of Taxidermy; The Barbarism of Fashion; Twelve short articles, Dec., 794. Davie’s Nests and Riggs SS Oh NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full Page Illustrations of Nests, etc, by Theodore Jasper, A. M., M. D. and W. Otto Emerson, This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs of the Land and Water Birds of North America, which includes all the species known to exist— those that occur or are indigenous north of the Southern United States boundary, including Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. The breeding range of each species Is given, the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs laid, their color and size together with the chief characteristics of the bird. The arrangement of the work is according to the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) as used in former editions, are placed to the right of each species. Throughout the text all the common names of the birds are to be found, and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is iven. Nn invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- cation of specimens to all those collecting in the field, The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page illustrations. Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. - My Prices for Back Numbers of the YOUNG OOLOGIST AND THE OOLOGIST Will, during 1895, remain as quoted below After which the prices of many numbers will be advanced and possibly not obtainable at any price. Should you desire back numbers to com- plete your file Now is the time to purchase. You can never obtain them for less money and possibly nof at any price. as our stock ranges from only 2 to 50 copies of an issue. Our prices until Feb. 1,1896, are as follows: ‘ Nos. 18, 21,32,42 are 20 cts.each - Nos. 23-24, 53, 75, 76,77, 79, 90 and 101,15 cts. each. Nos. 9, 11,13,14,15, 84-835,58, 70, 87, 88, 89, 10 cts. each. (=~All other numbers, 5c per copy. FOR ONLY $5.00 CASH I willsend by return mail a copy Of every issue published — Nos, 1 to 110 inclusive. FOR ONLY. 50c. I willsend a package of twenty (2U) ail different back numbers, my Sel- ection. FOR ONLY $!.00 I will send a package of forty (40) back numbers, all different, my se- lection. My prices for back Nos. of the YOUNG OoLo- GIST and OOLOGIST in volumes, are as follows: Vol. I. YOUNG OoLoGIstT, Nos. 1 to 12........$ 60 Pasod (a Bs oY a PENN B Sect MIGb a) Sas 2 its . TI. THE OOLOGIST, TUS IN) AO) PO) ose 40. eT ae We Pal iho) Baro)... 20) EVE ay POA TRO) Bis) inane 60 PY VFL e »” 39 to 50 60 Wd WEILL, a2 Sole FOG 60 YO WATUE nA » 68 to 74 50 MID, oa » 15 to 86 80 LOK Le ” 87 to 98 70 DG a8 1 99 to 110. . 60 BOUND VOLUMES Can be furnished, strongly bound in cloth and boards, as follows: Volpi MViOUNG: OOWOGISIN ie nae aeanneE TOE 2 and Vol. Il. Tar OOLOGIST,bound inone volume,only 75 » TX. The OoLoGtst for ’92, 298 pages of valuable and instructive Oological and Ornithological matter With many full page illustrations ONLY 1.00 Or if you order the three volumes at one time, we wiil send them by return mail for only $2.35. Every student of birds, their nests and eggs should have these three volumes in their libra- ry. The valuable information they contain, is worth many times the price. Address plainly FRANK H. LATTIN, Publisher of THE OOLOGIST, Albion, N. Y. "THK OOLOGIST For 1895 will be amply illustrated, and $300 Worth of Prizes ! Will be presented to its Readers and Contributors. The OoLoatsT is without question the most popular and instructive magazine, devoted to Birds, their Nests and Eggs, ever published, and while of special value to the Oologist and Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his belief that Teach- ers, Scientists, Naturalists and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will find the OoLoGistT not only worthy of their attention, but of their Swbscriptions. With 1895, the OoLoGisT entered its twelfth volume, and it will be the aim of its publish- er with the aid of its subscribers, to make it of greater value than any preceedin one. Hach number for ’95 will contain thirty-two pages and will be promptly aati regularly issued the first week of each month and sent post-paid to any part ofjthe World. FOR ONLY 75 CENTS. Every subscriber received for ’95 will be mailed a card composed of two Coupons one of which will entitle the person addiessed, to a free Exchange Notice, of [25 words in the OoLoaistT if used within one year from date, The second coupon will be accepted bythe Publisher of the OoLoaisr from the person addressed, in pay- ment for or towards anything he offers foi sale,to the amount of 25 cents providing -the goeds ordered amount to not less than $1.25. ‘This coupon is just the same as 25¢. in cash to you if you should want to purchase anything of him ‘to the amount of $1.25, during the year. Remember every subscriber received for the OoOLOGIsT will receive FOR ONLY 75 CENTS the following: The Ooxoaist for ’95 é : $ 75 Coupon for an Exchange Notice : : 50 “« 25, on $1.25 order : é 25 $1 50 SAMPLE COPY FREE. FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, ORLEANS CoO., N. Y. ‘iC Sa Ontil Feb. 15th I will accept your subscription or renewal to. THE OOLOGIST for’95 for Only 50 Cents. After that date 75 cents will be the lowest rate. Address plainly THE OOLOGIST. Natural Science News. An eight-page Weekly Journal, the first number of which willl be published on Saturday, February 2, 1895, and on every Saturday thereafter. It will be the only weekly publication i in America devot- ed exclusively to NATURAL HISTORY. The size of its pages will be about 8x12 inches, making it of convenient size for binding and preserving, and at the end of each volume an exhaustive index will be given. It will be the Naturalist’s Newspaper and will reach every Naturalist, Collector and Museum in the Land. Its Editor and Publisher will be ably assisted by spec- ialists in all departments. If you are, in any manner, interested in any of the various branches of Natural Science, or in the collecting, preparing and pre- serving of specimens of any kind—it makes no difference whether you are Amateur or Professional, or whether a Student, a Teacher or Field Collector—you can ill afford to be a non-subscriber, for its Publisher will venture to assert that during the year you will surely find something in a single number, that will be of greater value to you than the amount you pay for a full year’s subscription. Short, newsy items and notes on any subject pertaining to Nat~ ural History are solicited from all. Subscription Price, $1.00 per Annum. Single Copies, 5c each. FRANK H. LATTIN, IQUE OM SIEUB IE, ORLEANS CO., ALBION, N. Y. [5 & 1G en We ~ ly AEA ES Monthly. VOL. XI. ¥ . Cr Send QA G\RSSS0000RGORuGUEEOeEEonuEnEGuaswcn Se gle>) SORSESEA EAE... (Go ADBION, N. Y., JAN., 1894. . WILL BINGA- MAN, Grundy Centre, Iowa. FOR SALE.—A fine set of two Golden Eagle, full data, for only $7.50. Many other desirable sets cheap, Also 400 first-class bird skins. Send for list: L, ZELLNER, 1825O0ak St., Los An- geles, Calif. TO EXCHANGE.—Two copies of. the Geolo- gical Survey of Ohio, for Indian stone imple- ments. Also some other useful books for same. Z. T. SMITH, Upr. Sandusky, Ohio. TO EXCHANGE.—B8ull’s eye lantern, 25 numbers each of Harper’s and Century maga- zines for a pair of climbing irons or Indian re- lies with data. ARCHIE CROZIER, 810 W. Fifth St., Wilmington, Del. All letters answered. Ad- ~ PHE OOLOGIST. TO EXCHANGE.—400 varieties U. S. and Foreign stamps in an International album (#1) for Coues’ Key or Ridgway’s Manual. GEO.H. DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Painesville, Ohio. TO EXCHANGE for Coues’ Key and papers on Oology. A 82cal. self-cocking doub- le-action revolver. as good as new, and a few sets of eggs. All answered. P. A. MULTER,. Ashford, N. Y. EXCHANGE.—Northern Illinois eggs for U. S. stamps. Send for stamp approval sheets at. 50 per cent. commission. Reference required. I have afew good stamps for sale cheap. _ Cor- respondence invited. GHO. B. BRADSHAW, De Kalb, Illinois. FOR EXCHANGE —A pair of large Elk Ant- Jers on Skull in good shane. for Kodak Camera in good order and standard make, also eggs to exchange for minerals. shells and curios of all kinds. ALF. HASTGATRAH, Grand Forks, N. D. TO EXCHANGE. —A. O. U. sets with data of 261 1-2, 305 2-11, 462 1-3. 466a 2-4 1-3, 467 1-4, 510 3-4, 511b 1-4 1-3, 560 1-3. 596 2-3. 581¢ 3-8. 613 2-4, 616 1-4, 604 1-2, 652 3-4. 705 1-4, 725 1-2. Also Youth’s Com- panion for 1893 and N. Y. Ledger for 1891. for Hornaday’s Taxidermy or other sets. All an- swered. CARLETON R. BALL, Little Rock, Iowa. af COLLECTORS.—I have practically a perfect. contrivance for climbing trees, which I have successfully tested for several seasons. By its. use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape, size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and easy to climb. Those who desire particulars. will write me enclosing stamp. M. C. WHITH, Mathews, Va. TO EXCHANGEH.—First-class singles with complete datas. of this locality 50 per cent. dis- count. for first-class sets -with datas, climbing jrous or collecting tube. CHAS. WISE. York Station, Alabama. THE OOLOGIST is simply a hustler. I re- ceived my December number yesterday and to-- day had 6 answers in the forenoon and 4 in the afternoon. AndJ say as no doubf hundreds of the OoLOGIST’S subscribers do, “Three cheers for the OoLoaist.””. HORACE Hh. FELL, Chi- cago, Ill. TO EXCHANGE.—I have 21 singles of Am. Herring Gull. which I will exchange for best. offer of sets with data. Ialso have the follow- ing Ist class sets with data to exchange: A. O. U. No’sdla 10-3 16-2, 106 60-1. 519 1-4 1-5, 591b 1-3. 1-4. 612 6-3 2-5. 7108-3. Wanted in exchange sets with data. ORA WILLIS KNIGHT, 157 Ham- mond St., Bangor, Maine. “BrRD LIFE IN LABRADOR.”—Sometime ago. J published a series of articles in the American Field of Chicago. Ill.. entitled ‘Bird Life in. Labrador.” I received So many letters unsoli- cited, from those who had read and appeared pleased with these articles, that I determined to put them into a more permanent form. They will appear as a pamphlet of about 100 pages. To cover the slight expense of publication, I shall offer a limited number of them for sale. paper cover, post-paid, for $1.00 each. I should be pleased to send you a copy upon the above terms. Sample page for stamp. Please ad- dress, WINFRID A. STEARNS, Atlanta Uni- versity. Atlanta. Ga. 2 FOX SKIN:—If you have an A No. 1, one with skull and leg bones, advise us lowest cash or exchange price at an early date. F. H. LAT~ TIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. THE OOLOGIST. 3 SPECIMENS of Georgia Woods, Telea,Prom- ethea and Cecropia Coccoons and 15 sets 498 for eggs. climbers,back OOLOGISTs or Davie’s Kev. Also Shot Gun, Brass Shells. Loading Tools and 22 Rifle for Banjo. LEROY KING, 304 Forest W., Detroit, Mich. FIRST-CLASS EGGS in sets to exchange forsame. Send list. All answered. G. GOR- DON SHANCE, Libertyville. Ils. EXCHANGE: Stoddard’s Art Portfolio (256 pictures) size, 11x18's inches, cost $1.00, of scenes around the world, for minerals, first class sets. or books on Natural History of any kind. CLARENCE NORTON, Three Rivers, Mich. WANT old Nickels, any date back of 1885, will give 10 rare foreign Stamps; back of 1879, 15; 1860. 25. OTTO GRADY. Ludlow, Ky. EXCHANGE: -40 Books. Somevery old and rare, novels, Cosmopolitan Magazine, 1891, 1892, Shot gun and Rifle combined, and Black Min- orca Fowls and Eggs for Books on Ornithology, first-class Sets or Mounted Birds. All answer- ed. VERDI BURTCH, Branchport. N. Y. FOR SALE—Bird Skins from this locality. Very cheap. Largeorderstaken. I would also exchange some very finespecimens for Coues’ Key and Ridgeway’s Manual, and Ridgeway’s Nomenclature of Colors. Also other standard works on Ornithology. All letters answered. NATHAN L. DAVIS, Taxidermist, La Porte, exas. CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The editicn of this magnificient work is exhausted, we have only one copy left. Price $15. If you want itspeak quick. F. H. LATTIN & CO, Al- bion. N. Y. I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars ($200) worth of specimens to my Collection pee the Exchange Columns of the OoLOGIST. J. KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia. I FIND that exe. notices in the OOLOGIST pay me 100 per cent. better than in other papers. EDW. WALL, San Bernardino, Calif. “BIRDS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, by DeKay.Complete inone thick volume. 4to, cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely engraved full page plates, beantifully colored by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is very scarce. It was published in 1844. as one of the vols. of the ‘‘Natural History af New York” and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy. This Copy needs rebinding and has the common names of birds written underneath each figure —otherwise clean and in good condition. Our price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer- ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, Curios. ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Van,s Har- bor, Mich. OOBOGISTS WANTED.—We want at once, copies of the OOLoGIST as follows: July, Aug- nst. 1886: January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886, with the former attached; June, 1888; April, 1889; March. 1892 and April, 1898. We also de- sire ‘copies of our old 1885 ‘‘OOLOGIST’s HAND- Book.” For each and every copy of the above publications mailed us not later than February 15, 1894. we will give 15cts worth of anything we advertise or offer for sale or will send credit check good for the amount. Address at once. F.H.LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. EGGS. From the Orient and Assam dia Australia. Africa, ¢tc.. correctly named at moderate prices. also European and exotic Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE ‘Malakka) In- Pmdener St.. 4. Berlin. N. W.. Germany « SikA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, Birds’ Eggs. and Sins, Fossils, J Vaturalists’ Supplies. Taxidermy, Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New London, Wis. PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a } speciality. Note and _ letter heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun- dreds of engravings of natural history speci- mens. Write for estimates. 10) envelopes print- ed. dic. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F. CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf mw Can coin big money. 4 plan. Great craze. Just out. “Good side line.” Biggest chance 3 ever offered agents.salary or Com- miission. Be quick. Goods on credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUU- TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila.,Pa. CAN 94 PER MAKE DAY Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! No matter where you reside; every body wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp and we wiil mail you4 Free Samples and fuil particulars, which will enable you to commence work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG CO.. No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. T have just imported TAXIDERMISTS) si: leaves. I am now having a plate made and a list printed. If you think this list would inter- est you.I would be happy to mail youone. I’m now stocking up with the best material in the market and no doubt within a month I will have the finest stock of supplies inthe country. Tf you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad- dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. clos The World’s Fair Eggs. We have left about one-half the eggs that we exhibited—mentioned in this OOLOGIST as ex- hibited by ‘“‘F. H. L. & Co.”’—at the World’s Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack- son Park and consequently the only ones at the World’s Fair. If you can use any of these eggs at not less and perhaps at a slight advance over regular rates we would be pleased to have your list of wants at earliest possible date and we will quote you lowest cash price for the ones we have left. With each set we will give a written guarantee that it was the identicai one we ex- hibited at the World’s Fair. Address all letters referring to the ‘“‘Exhibit’” eggs to ALBION, N. Y F. H. LATTIN & CO. COINGC TO BUILD? Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26: handsome designs. FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S: MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t Bran new “4 ‘THE OOLOGIST. at are bargains We have decided to offer from time to time during 1894 a full page of desirable specimens, sup- plies, etc., at prices so low that although we purchased’in immense quantities and at ‘‘snap” “prices, our actual profit will be nothing or less than nothing. Future, rather than present,profits are what we are after and by giving our subscribers the benefit of this page we believe that we will secure through them, from an advertising standpoint results which, to us, will prove by far more satisfactory than could possibly be secured in any other manner. All Prices on this page are open to 1894 Subscribers of the Oologist only. (If notalready a subscriber you must send in your subscription or renewal with order.) Prices will hold good until February 2O0th.—Nota single day longer and ‘the articles in this months offer will doubtless never be includedina simi- lar one. Non-subscribers, and after Feb. 20th, subscribers can purchase these articles at Regular Price only. Should present supply of this months bargains exhaust before Feb. 20th your money will be refunded. In order to prevent dealers from ‘‘scooping”’ our stock and thus preventing subscribers, for whose benefit this page was planned, securing their wants, we shall be obliged to limit the pur- chase of each subscriber to not exceed $10 during the month. Everything is sent prepaid unless otherwise noted, Reg. Jan, Price Sale ; Price DUANDSCII DID RGM EES MBPS) (SKOAUSISKO ES), OlMOh bones) Uhal, (OMAYe So ek et ace dhcnesada Goesdectinsatcos $ 75 $ 28 GREEN MOSS, imported, large brick bunches............-...........2-.)222205 seeeeecee SNES She eee 20 09 DAVIVASB Ie AINKGS saw Gemma Loins ier lOO MASS OM tec seeps nese ya ce nee ese pe 25 08 “BIRDS OF MICHIGAN,” COOK’S, notes on 322 species, 148 pages, illustrated, well NiCAOD ELE) AVON DION INS THACIOH AEN R70 RUC ee ee ne ee ee eG eee ec en a ace a 95 42 MINERAL COLLECTION of 50 different named, 1 in. Specimens, 35 cts. additional if STD Ei PO TREO GUL Ch cet ei SA II aa sc CG ke TEE BS 1 25 50 V-NICKELS without'the word ‘cents’ : 15 08 NGO) yeas ANON RIBAK HN, SMNVAIMO 24S) 5 coos seco unceesnecosses Geesesusesso queen cecDn Oboes 20 11 POPULAR STAMP ALBUM, illustrated, holds 1200 stamps EO 06 ING TAGN: Mi@ © CASS TEN Sees eG OM hs SU ee ee EA Dont UA ALUMS e ER 2 ee ncalalned oeeurer yaa alae 2 00 98 SETS of 1-1 with data of each the following showy Sea Birds eggs: Sooty Tern, Noddy, California Murre and Leaches’ Petrel and an egg of Am. Herring Gull...... -............. BY 70 SET % Ring-billed Gull and 1-5 Little Blue Heron ............0... .... i222... ccecleveeeeente ceeceeeeceteeees 1 50° 70 SET 144 CHACHALACA EGG OF So. African Ostrich, 35cts. additional if sent prepaid MEER OOUOGEISIT 18927268 pases: bound in) cloths. ey ee ae ee 1 00 60 GLASS EYES. All cut from wires and ready to insert in specimen. In our Januay sale we offer only colors and sizes as follows: Flints No’s 3, 9, 10, 14, 19, 20, 22. 25 and 26. Red No’s 1. 2. 3, 18 and 20. Brown, No’s 17, 18 and 22. Hazel, No 1. Yellow, No’s 1, 2,3, and 9. Straw, No. 5. The prices of the above eyes, for THIS SALE ONLY, Will be one-half regular ones viz: Sizes 1 and 2, lc. per pair: 3 and 5, 1%c,; 9 and 10, 3c.; 14, 6c.; 17, 18 and 19, 10c.; 20. 12c.; 22, 14¢.; 25, 18c. 26, 20c. All prepaid. } For anything on this page address us at either 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, or ALBION, N. ~ -Y. Should you include your subscription to the OoLoGIS® with the order the latter address is pre- ferable. — Faithfully. F. H. LATTIN & CO. THE OOLOGIST.” 5 ’remiun | ist ur ®©ee6e8 806 @ @ © 6 0 1894, With this months OoLoaisT, we mail our Premium List for 1894. For each and every NEW subscriber you will send us, during 1894, you may select anything we describe or advertise upon its pages to the amount of 25c. Or, if you will send us an even $1.00 we will send you goods described in the Premium List (your selection) to the amount of $1.00 and will also mail your Friend the OoLocisr one year with the coupons. Neither of these offers can be accepted in connection with a renewal of your own subscription, nor of that of an old subscriber. In the Premium List, we think any collector will find many useful and desirable articles, and, taken as a whole, that a large percentage of the ‘‘trash” usually contained in such lists, has been, with perhaps a few exceptions, eradicated. Our patrons can rest assured that in case they should select an article, which we do not think will prove to their entire satisfaction, that we will either ‘‘even up” with ‘extras’ or send a similar article of greater value. ‘If this List is of no earthly use to you, dont cast it in the fire— it’s excellent for wrapping specimens--we've tried ’em. Should you prefer Eggs or Specimens of any kind at regular list rates, you can make selections from our stock to the amount of 25. instead of articles cffered in our 1894 Premium List. Trusting you will send in new subscriptions early and often, we remain as ever, Faithfully Yours, FE. oH. LAP Pin eco: Second Hand Books. TB) ETO ee Oh 2 Uae oA a ee CON ASN 1 00 During the past few months the following Practical Zoology. B. P. Colton 75 2d Hand or shelf worn books have accumulated at our Chicago store, rather than ship them back east we will send prepaid at the following ridiculously low prices. Should you desire further descriptions in relation to any special book or books before placing your order + write, or see JUNE 1893 OOLOGIST. Principles of Zoology, Agassiz & Gould......$ 60 Canons of the Colorado. Part 2,Physi- Stories About Birds, M. & EH, Wirby............ 1 00 cal Features on the Valley ere yet Buffon’s Natural History .........-.......-...... 40 orado, Part 3, Zoology, by B. Coues... 3 00 Family Aquarium, Butler... _.. srbodensecte 22 50 Geology of Iowa, 1870, Chas, A. White. 9 Geological Sketches, Louis Agassiz, 2 vols. 2 00 WOU: CAN a rer aa Ratio 25, Up and Down the Brooks, Mary E. Bam- U.S. Geological Survey, ’85-'86, 7th Annual 7 = Peete eGhioee sos ee see eecteeccccceteceec eens 70 8 Report Bowell een One ae eee 3 00 atterso (CVO R NONE Crease nar sobeecetsacueeen Ueeruetanee (Oo -»s. Geolovic BS BolNs Primer of Scientific Knowledge, Bert, new 45 Report AN By a aie 3 00 Gray’s Structural and Systematic Botany, U.S. Geological Report, °86-’87, 8th Arnual ANS CHEN oncereseearcecen Saedes Seeveecteces secon 1% IREINOM GPA AOlksh CEO 4 ee 300 On Natural Selections, Alfred Russell Wal- i U.S. Geological Report. West of 100 Meri. NANOS): eccak eet ootitan cteeee eee Rate, i) dan, Lieut. G. M. Wheeler & Corps, Vol The Transformation of Insects, Dr. Duncan 6, Botany Rothrock ete 4 50 ee Hons eds of illustrations Soa ae s He ; 1 25 LayeseManwaliol Botany. ee 4 Geological Survey o 7, Mountain Scouting, E. S. Farrow .............. 90, aero or Yeo ies ols: Dye 00: Boys Own Natural History, J. G, Wood ...... 40 A Journey inBrazil by Prof.and Mrs. Louis N. Y. State Cabinet of Natural History ...... 2 00 IAAISSIZA ODI [Oe wLlL: lee mee : 75 50 uscels ab Home. He oe Wweort AREER acter 1 00 ee reutibts Directory for 1884, cloth... 75 oldsmith’s atura istory, leather cientists Directory for 1892, paper... . PoundReavolsyinionel ses ae 1 40 Y for t802siDADET ea. teh, First Book in Botany and Second Book in EF. H. wATTIN & GO... » Botany. E. A. Youmans, each..___.. 65 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Tis. The Geological Story Briefly Told, Jas. D. 6 THE OOLOGIST. Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. Vernier and Metric or French System.) aQolosists! If you care to SAVE TIME and meas- ure your speCimens ACCURATE, get one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers. with har dened jaws.114 in, long, graduated in 1-100 of aninech. Sent registered to any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scules graduated in 1 100ths and mm.—75 cts. For illustr ated cirenlars address E.G. SMITH. Columbia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paper.) "We BeCuTey onredl Stale- and MOTeieMES tenis: H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY k register Trade-Marks, Copyrights and J.abels and attend to all patent business for moderate COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.Y. fees. Wereporton patentability free of charge. SIP ESTaMP for PE : Na fllustratea Catalog. & GA\ CHAS. K.REED, DS . D220 mainst. WORCESTER. Mass.3% IMP TIMEaREMIA GING) GHGS TAM, GabGGit wie tp First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, H. 8. WILLSON & GC., Attorneys at Livy, Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON, Mm. © cohol. Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists- ATY. We would advise every reader of the OoLoaistT to avail themselves of the truly great offer made on the last page of this months OoLoaisr. The writer spent a portion of nearly every day, from June 1st until the close of the Fair on the grounds, and can truthfully say that these photographic represen- tations, which we have been so fortunate as to obtain for our subscribers, are by far the best views of the great White City we have seen. During the Fair sixteen views equal to the ones in Portifolio No. 1 could not have been purchased for less than 50 cents each and possibly not for double that amount, while every reader of the OOLOGIST can with coupon secure the entire 16 for only 10 cents. The 16 Photographic views in Portfolio No. 1 are as follows: Administration Building, Lapland Village, Chicago Day, East View from Mac- monnie’s, Manufactures and Fisheries Buildings, Woman’s Building, Art Palace, Dahomey Cannibals, Government Building, Golden Portal of Transportation Building, The Peristyle and Statue of the Republic, } Manufactures Building from Court of Honor, Bird’s-eye View of the Fair, Peristyle (Detail view), Columbian Fountain, and Samoan Girls. In the last mentioned view our readers will note the heavy necklace about the necks of the representative belles of Samoa, these were made of bright red cassia beans which we are highly suspicious came from our store. In this same village was shown a Samoan’s boat trimmed or decorated with ‘Tiger Cowries (Cyprea tigris) shells, which by the way were also furnished from the “stock of F. @.L.&Co. We want every reader of the OoLoaist to see Portfolio No. 1, whether they con- clude to take the following parts as issued or not and in order to place No. 1 in their hands we make the following propositions: ist. Send us by an early mail 10c. and coupon for Portfolio No. 1. 2d. If, upon examination you are not more than pleased with it and do not con- sider it fully all we claim for it and in fact worth many times its cost you can 38d Wrap it up and remail to us and we will not only refund your 10 cents, but will-also enclose an additional dime for your trouble. Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO: ale H IS OO LOG IS was mailed subscribers on Jan. 20d. February number will be mailed Feb. 5th. If you wish to catch it, send in your notices at once. If you have ordered the OOLOGIST discontinued since the Holidays, you will doubtless receive January number—but no future ones. The wrappers for January were address- -ed during holiday Season. THE OOLOGIST. VOL. XI. ALBION, N. Y., JAN., 1894. NOw Raptores of Michigan. (SEVENTH PAPER.) By SCOLOPAX. ScrREECH OwL; Morrtep OwtL; RED (Ow1, Megascops asio. This is one of our common owls, and many claim it is ouv most abundant representative of ‘the family. The Red and Mottled Owls were at one time considered as distinct species; at a later period the red phase -was allowed to be the immature plu- mage of the gray-coated bird. Itisnow generally admitted that the two are of -a single species, and the subject of var- iations ia color has been thoroughly ‘studied of late A paperin the Amer- ican Naturalist, Vol. XVII, p. 521, 18938, gives the results of thorough study and much research by E. M. Hasbrouck. “This study on the ‘Evolution and Di- chromatism of the Genus Megascops’ is a very interesting paper, and those in- terested in the conditions which bring about variations in a species will be ‘mueh pleased with the publication. “There are maps and charts indicating the points where the red owls are alone found, where the gray owl is found and where they merge. The Sereech Owl, and he well de- serves his name, is very generally dis- tributed and everyone who has col- lected for any length of time has met with it. This bird cau see plainly dur- ing the day, or at least well enough to readily escape from its pursuers when itis abroad. But generally it remains near to its home of the year, to which it seems much attached, and keeps in concealmeut during daylight, issuing at night to whine, screech and moan in the most remarkable and mysterious mauner. This song or series of notes , is more commonly uttered in the nest- ing season, but itis also heard in the summer, autumn and even winter, and many a camper and inexperienced hunter has been badly frightened by the sounds. A though this Owl is so well known the collectors do not appear to have had great success with nest hunting. Covert says that this Owl nests inWash- tenaw county. A. E. Chambers found a nest ia Kalamazoo county containing five eggs. This was in early May, 1878. A shallow eavity held the fresh eggs which were within four inches of the entrance. The tree was a dead ash stub eighteen inches in diameter at the base. The cavity was nine feet from the ground and was entered by a rude hole in the side of the trunk. The nest was composed of a very few feathers. On two occasions when the spot: was visited the old bird seemed loth to leave the cavity but when she took flight quickly disappeared and did not seem at all concerned. The eggs some- what resembled those of the Kingfisher. My friend Richard Westnedge gives me the following notes on nestings tak- en near Kalamazoo: One nest in a large oak about 25 feet up. Entrance to hollow about five inches in diameter. Cavity contained the remains of a Bluebird and two Blackbirds. The five eggs, resting on rotten chips at bottom of hollow, were incubated 4 week or ten days. The date was April 17, 1890. On May 18 of the same year he found another nest containing six well-grown birds. This cavity, evidently an old Woodpecker’s nest, was at a height of ten feet. There was a Golden-winged Woodpecker’s hole six feet above in the same stub which held seven eggs. On May 7, 1892, he secured three bad- 8 THE OOLOGISY. ly incubated eggs from a cavity twenty feet up in a dead black ash. Mr. Willhelm found the following nests: One on May 15, 1887, contain- ing five young, nearly covered with ‘feathers. In cavity in large oak near Kalamazoo, Mich. On April 27, 1892, five eggs were taken from a cavity in a small dead beech. A young Screech Owl which he took from the nest in the gray pin-feather plumage soon took on the red plumage. This Owl became quite a pet. Once a boy stole it from its cage aud carried ‘it fully a hundred rods away. After sev- eral days it escaped and at once re- turned to its rightful mother. GREAT HorNED Owl, Bubo virgin- tanus. (Gmel.) Also known as big Cat Owl and Hoot Owl. The name Cat Owl is also applied to other species and is, from the resemblance of the eyes and tufts of feathers to the cat’s head. Some ignorant country people believe that Cat Owls bear their ycung alive, and I have been repeatedly informed of this remarkable condition by unobsery- ant falsifiers. Hoot Owl isa name ap- plied to both this species as well as the Barred Owl. The song, if we may call it so, of the Great Horned Owl isa repeated hoot. This note is not usually given more than four times at a period, and or- dinarially only three times, as ‘hoot hoot hoot. Often the notes are given but twice and at times only a single hoot is issued. Though called hoots I prefer to pronounce the noise ‘who’, as the note certainly has not sound in it. The song of this Owl, who who who, as it is generally uttered in the silence — of the night is entirely different from the longer and more varied effort of the Barred Owl, though both are sonorous and sepulchral in tone. The Great Horned generally gives a who then skips a beat and then two whos in suc- cession and quicker. This description may be ofslight advantage to those who are not versed in bird notes, but I am satisfied that all -Owl observers ean eatch my meaning. When four whos are given the last two are alone uttered quickly, and generally when only two notes are given they are issued deliber- ately. The Barred Owl’s notes are a series of whos, generally four or five, with the last one long drawn out rising and fall- ing and with a gutteral chuckle in it. It may be readily recognized from this. description. The Horned Owl is the most power- ful night prowler that we have. It is. also cunning, and boid when necessity demands. As a resident it defies our coldest winter weather, and lays its. eggs when most of Michigan’s birds are’ still at the south. It is said that the Snowy Owls and many other species of northern birds. are driven south by the cold weather. I have never credited the theory of cold weather migrations as applied to the Snowy Owl, though it may be true. If it is so, I can attest to the superior ability of the Great Horned to with-_ stand severe weather, for one reason when the Snowy Owls of the north were here in force and were reported from all over the country, our Horned Owls nested as usual in February. That year,I believe it was ’78,eg¢s were taken on the eighteenth of February, and after this date the mercury went below zero several times. I have not a doubt but that young Horned Owls were hatched long before the Snowies thought of returning to their northern homes. The earliest that Horned Owl’s eggs have been taken hereabouts is Febru- ary twelfth, while the birds nearly all lay their eggs before March tenth. In fact it is an unusual occurence to se- cure fresh eggs after early March. Way back in the centennial year the collectors of this city began collecting THE OOLOGIST. 9 Owls’ eggs. There were seven or eight eollectors in our place at that time, and two, B F. Sykes and Dennis Nolan, » soon developed into excellent climbers with the irons. Together with the aid of F. H. Chapin they gathered twelve to fifteen complete sets of eggs within a few years and found many nests of young. Then came other collectors; a new generation as we may say. For the last few years Dick and Joe Westnedge, George Judson and Kib. Willhelm have attended to the collecting of the Owls’ and early Hawks’ nests. There are other collectors who have dipped into this dangerous and difficult class of collecting, but they quickly dropped it after one season’s work. The pe- cuniary remuneration is in no wise suf- ficient to tempt one to follow the busi- ness, and if one is not thoroughly in earnest as a, collector he soon gives it up. It would be difficult to hunt up the data of all the sets of Hoots taken in this(Kal- amazoo) county, but a few of the more recent records are presented. The sites for the eggs must be located in January or early February and the birds watch- ed. It was acommon thing for Sykes to go collecting for Hoots’ eggs when the snow was a foot or more deep in the. woods and he has told me that he has found three or four inches of snow accumulated on the edges of those nests built in exposed situations. Mr. Westnedge hands me the follow- ing notes on the nesting of this species, and in addition to these notes he has found nine instances where the young had already hatched. In 1891 he secured a single set of three fresh eggs from a hollow in a large red oak in dense woods. ‘The hollow was thirty feet from the ground and the date was Feb. 28th. In 1892 he secured two sets of three on Feb. 20th. One set, fresh, was in a hollow maple about 25 feet up and at the edge of the timber. The other set, advaneed in incubation, was in an old Crow’s nest 85 feet up and in open woods. This nest had no lining. In 1893 he found four nests with eggs. On Feb. 20th a set of two incubated eces in a cavity 50 feet from the ground in a large elm in heavy timber. March 11th a set of two fresh eggs in old nest 60 feet from the ground ina beech in heavy timber. This nest was lined with leaves and a lot of feathers. March 22nd, a nest in oak 30 feet up in dense forest. Held a single egg. March 30th. A new would be patron desires a “cattlelougue and sample copy of the OLEGOUSE.” —__—__—§_-e 2) eo _—_§_..___ I have taken the OGLOGIST ever since it was born and could not get along without it. Yours truly, VERDI BURTCH, Branchport, N. Y. ‘Summer Birds of Greene County, Penna.” At our request Mr. J. Warren Jacobs of Waynesburg, Pa. informs us that. he can spare a few copies of this valuable booklet at 80 cents per copy. Send - THE OOLOGIST’S EXHIBIT OF BIRDS EGGS. AT THE WORLD’S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. The Exhibitors and the Sets They Exhibited. No.1 F.H. Andrus, Elkton, Ore. Sets No. 282, 450, 469, 516, 574. Rollo Beek, Berryessa, Calif. 361, 367, 5381. W.E. Bradford, Mayfield, Ky. 338, 472, 541, 663, 584. H. Gordon Ball, Niagara, Ont. 586. Vion di Burtch, Branchport, N. Y. 5) 6 E. 5 Botsford, Medina N. NG 294, 507. eal a Crague, Minnewaukan. N. D. 8 on “Campbell, Milburn, N. J. 238, 471. 9 C.H. Evans, 318. 10 J. L. Davison, Lockport, N. Y. 544, . 11 J.P. Feagler, Waterloo, Ind. 284. 12 H.G. Hoskin, Beloit, Colo. 358, 487. 13 Ellis F. Hadly, Dayton, Ore. 212, 311, 312, 426, 448, 466, 619. 14 W. CG’ Johnson, Center Rutland, Vt. 403, 489, 468, 502. 15 GOs 6, 85 Jel, Ih & Co. 668 Canada Jay, 1-4, No. 74. 865 Florida Jay, 1-5, No. 7. 366 Florida Blue Jay, 1-5, F. H.I. &Co. 367-868 Blue-fronted Jay, 1-4, No. 2; 1-4, No 74. 369 Steller’s Jay, 1-5, No. 21. 370 Arizona Jay, 1-5, No. 74. 3871 California Jay, a 5, No. 34. 372 Woodhonse’s Jay, 1-4, No. 74. 373-375 Green Jay, 1-4, 1-5, n-4, F. Ho L. & Co. 376 White-necked Raven, 1-6, No. 29. 3877 878 Fish Crow, 1-5 No 40; 1 -5,No.62.. 379-382 American Crow, Ae oy Va) Jel. ic & Co. 383 Florida Crow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 384-389 Cowbird, 6-1, F. H..L. & Co. 390 Dwarf Cowbird, 1-1, F. H. L.&Co. 391-396 Bronzed Cowbird, 6-1, F. H. L.. & Co. 397-398 Yellow-headed Blackbird, 2-4, iM dels Ibe Gs (COs 399-400 Bobolink, 1-5, No. 20; n-5, No. 47. 401-402 Starliug, 1-4, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co. 403 Red-winged Blackbird, n-5, No.14.. 404 Bicolored Blackbird, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 405 Tricolored Blackbird, 1-5, F. H. L.. & Co. 406 Meadowlark, 1-5, No. 59. 407-408 Western Meadowlark, 1-4, No. 27, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 409-410 Audubon’s Oriole, 1-4, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. Heavily blotched. 411-418 Hooded Oriole, 2-4, n-5, F. H. L. & Co. 414 Arizona Hooded Oriole, 1-4,No0.59. 415-416 Orchard Oriole, n-4, No.57;1-5,. F. H. L. & Co. 417. Baltimore Oriole, 1-5, No. 33- “THE OOLOGIST. 19 418 Builock’s Oriole, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co. 419 Purple Grackle, 1-5, No. 33. 420 Florida Grackle, 1-4, No. 40. 421-424 Great-tailed Grackle, 4-4, F.H. L. & Co. 425-426 Brewer’s Blackbird, JR, JEL, Tig Cea OES TEGAN, Alb} 427-428 American Goldfinch, n-6, No. 45: n-5, F. H. L. & Co. 429 Arkansas Goldfinch, 1-4, No. 59. 430 Arizona Goldfinch, 1-6, No. 59. 431 Lawrence’s Goldtineh, n-5, No. 60. 432-433 House Finch, 1-5, No. 59; 1-5, No. 60. 434 Pine Siskin, 1-4, No. 36. 485 Grassbopper Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 436 Thick-billed Sparrow, 1-2; F. H. L. & Co. 437 Chestnut-collared Longspur, 1-4, No. 30. 488 McCown’s Longspur, 1-4, No. 74. 439 Vesper Sparrow, n-4, No. 14. 440 Western Vesper Sparrow, 1-4, No. 60. 441 Savanna Sparrow, 1-4, No. 59. 442 Sharp-tailed Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 443 Lark Sparrow, 1-5, No. 60. 444-445 Western Lark Sparrow, 1-5, No. 59;1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 1-5, 1-4, 446-447 Chipping Sparrow, n-4, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 448-449 Western Chipping Sparrow, 1-8, No. 13; 1-4, F. H. L. & Ca. 450, 664 Gambel’s Sparrow, 1-4, No. 1, 1-4, No. 59. 451 Bell’s Sparrow, 1-5, No. 59. 452-453,665 Heermann’s Song Sparrow, 1-5, No. 59, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 454 Field Sparrow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 455 Oregon Junco, 1-4, No. 21. 456 Slate-colored Junco, 1-4, No. 30. 457 Thurber’s Junco, 1-5, No. 55. 458 Song Sparrow, 1-5, No. 387. 459-460 Black-throated Sparrow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 461-462 Bachman’s Sparrow, 2n-4, No. 42. 463-464 Texas Sparrow, 2-4, F. H. L. & n-4, Co. 465 Samuel’s Song Sparrow, 1-4,No.69. 466, 666 Rusty Song Sparrow, 1-3, No. 21, 1-4, No. 18. 467 Swamp Sparrow, 1-5, No. 35. 468 Indigo Bunting, n-4, No. 14. 469 Lazuli Bunting, n-4, No. 1. 470 Painted Bunting, 1-4, No. 59. _ 471-472 Towhee, 1-5, No. 8; n-5, No. 3. 473-474 Spurred Towhee, 1-8, No. 75; 1-3, No. 56. 475 Oregon Towhee, 1-5, No. 21. , 476-477 California Towhee, 1-3, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. ‘478 Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 1-5 and 1 of 258, No. 16. ry 480-481 Black-headed Grosbeak, 2-4, F. Jab, We C5 CO. 482 Blue Grosbeak, 1-4, No. 48. 483 Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 484 Texan Cardinal, 1-3, F. H. L. &Co. 485 Gray-tailed Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 486 Dickeissel, n-4, No. 31. 487-488 Lark Bunting, 1-4, No, 12; 1-5, Its dels Ib, ea (Coy 489 Scarlet Tanager, n-4, No. 35. 490 Summer Tanager, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 491-492 Louisiana Tanager, n-4, No.29; 1-5, No. 55. 493 Cedar Waxwing, n-4, F. H. L.&Co. 494-495 Sharpe’s Seed-eater, 2n-3, F.H. L. & Co. 496 Barn Swallow, 1-5, No. 33. 497-500 Cliff Swallow, 1-5, No. 53; 3-4, 1 dal, We ws Coy 501 Tree Swallow, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 502 Bank Swallow, 1-6, No. 14. 503 Rough-winged Swallow, 1-7,No.52. 504-505 Phainopepla, 1-3, No. 72; 1-4, Oe ale Woe ws Cos 506 Northern Shrike (?), 1-5, No. 24. 507 White-rumped Shrike, 1-6, No. 6. 508 California Shrike, 1-5, No. 27. 509 Loggerhead Shrike, 1-6, No. 40. 510-511 Red-eyed Vireo, n-4, No. 33. MeBy ta lala Iain (Oxo), 512-518 Mountain Solitary Vireo, n-4, No. 19; 1-2, No. 52. 514-515 Bell’s Vireo, n-4, No. 31, 1-4, No. 59. 516 Hutton’s Vireo, 1-5, No. 1. 517 White-eyed Vireo, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 518 Warbling Vireo, n-4, F. H. L.&Co. 519 Cassin’s Vireo, 1-4, No. 21. 520-521 Yellow-throated Vireo, 1-2,No. 52; n-3, No. 65. 522 Prothonotary Warbler, 1-7, F. H. L. & Co. 523 Swainson’s Warbler, n-38, No. 65. 524 Worm-eating Warbler, 1-5, No. 52. 525 Blue-winged Warbler, n-5, No. 29. 526-527 Golden-winged Warbler, 1-3, No. 47; 1-8, No. 24. 528-529 Magnolia Warbler, 1-4, No. 36, 1-4, No. 24. 580 Yellow Warbler, n-5, F. H. L.&Co. 531 Lutescent Warbler, 1-5, No. 2. 582-583 Nashville Warbler, 1-5, No. 24; 1-4 and 1 of Cowbird, No. 36. 584-585 Pine Warbler, 1-4, No. 52; n-3, No. 42. 586 Blackburnian Warbler, 1-4, No. 15. . aie Black-throated Green Warbler, 1-5, 0. 24. 20 THE OOLOGIST. 588 Prairie Warbler, n-4, No. 42. ‘5389 Kentucky Warbler, n-5, No, 58. 540 Hooded Warbler, n-4, No. 15. 541 Maryland Yellow- throat, n-4, No.3. 542 Western Yellow-throat, 1-4, No.75. 548 Chestnut-sided Warbler,n-4,No.37. 544 Mourning Warbler, n-3, No. 10. 545-547 American Redstart, n-4, No.47; n-4, No. 77. n4 F HL. & Co. 548-549 Yellow- breasted Chat, ie 4, No. 58: 1-4, No. 35. 550 Long-tailed Chat, 1-4, No. 50. 551 Oven-bird, 1-5, No. 35. 552 Louisiana Water-Thrush, n-4, No. 42. 5538 Catbird, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 554-555 Mockingbird, 1-4, No. 30; 1-6, No. 40. 556 Brown Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co. 557 Sennett’s Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L. & 0. 558-559 Curve-billed Thrasher, 2-4, F. Tale Ibe: a COs 560-563. California Thrasher, 1-3, No. 71: 1-4, No. 75; 1-5, No.59,1-3, F, H. L. & Co. 564 Sprague’s Pipit, 1-4, No. 54. 565-566 Cactus Wren, 1-5, No. 72; No. 59. 567-568 7A, 569 Carolina Wren, 1-5, No. 42. 570 House Wren, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 571 Long-billed Marsh Wren, n-9, No. 59. 572 Tule Wren, 1-5, No. 75. 573 Western Winter Wren, 1-5, No. 55. aC op Parkman’s Wren, 1-7, No. 1. ESE & Co: ae CBewielcs W. ren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 1-6, Rock Wren, 1-5, No.51,1-4, No. 577 Florida Wren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 578 Lomita Wren, 1-4, a 1G IG, «5 CO: 579-580 Baird's Wren, 2 -5, F.H.L. &Co. -581-582 Brown Creeper 1-5, No.380; 1-6 No. 52. 583-585 Tufted Titmouse, 1-7, No. 58; HSNO S16 Ee Her «Co. 586 ‘White- breasted Nuthatch, No. 4. 587, 667 Pygmy; ‘Nuthatch, 1-8, No. 65; 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 588 Red- breasted Nuthatch, 1-7, No. 86 589 Siender billed Nuthatch, J a. No.73. 590 Brown-headed Nuthatch, 1-5,No.40. 591 Black-erested Titmouse, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 592 Plain Titmouse, 1-8, No. 73. 593 Chickadee, 1-7, No. 17. 594 Carolina Chickadee, 1-5, NOs Oe 595 Oregon Chickadee, 1-5, No. 2 596-598 Califor nia Bush- Tit, 1-7, an 50. 1-3, No. 60; 1-7, F. H. L: & Co. 1-10, 599 Wren-Tit, 1-4. No. 71 600 Verdin, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 601-602 Blue-gray 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 603 Western Gnatecatcher, n-5, No. 72. 604 Black-tailed Gnateatcher, nep> He H. L. & Co. 605 Golden-crested Kinglet (European) n-6, F. H. L. & Co. 606-607 Wood Thrush, 1-5, No. 31, 1-4, No. 52. ee 609 Russet-backed Thrush, 1-4, No. 610- 611 Olive-backed Thrush, 1-4, n-4, F.H. L. & Co. 612 Wilson’s Thrush, 1-4, F. HL & Co. 613 Hermit Thrush, n-3, F. H. L. &Co. 614 kRed-spotted Bluethroat, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 615 American Robin, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co. 616-617 Western Robin, 1-4, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 618 Bluebird, 1-5, No. 49, This was a pure white, ‘‘albino.” set. 619 Western Bluebird, 1-4, No. 13. 620 MountainBluebird,1-5, F.H.L.& Co, FOREIGN EGGS. 622 Tree Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 628-624 House Sparrow, oS a yo shew L. & Co. 625 Water Ouzel, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 626 Snowflake, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co. 627 Wryneck, es KF. H. L. & Co. 628 Bed Grouse, 1-10, F. H.L. & Co. 629 European Quail, 1-10. F. H.L.&Co. 630 Ring Plover, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 631-632 Capercaillie, 1-5, 1-6, F. H.L.& Co. 633 European Partridge, 1- 14, de Jal, L. & Co. 634 Numidian Crane, 1-1 635 Cinereous Crane, 1- oF. 686 Arabian Vulture, 1-1, 637 Oriental Eagle, 1-2, F. H. 638 Rough- footed Eagle, 1-2, & Co. ae tae Imperial Eagle, 1-2, F. H. & . 640 Griffion Vulture, 1-2, F. H.L.&Co. 641 Whooping Swan, 1- 2, F.H. L. & Co. 642 Green-crested Tinamon fr om Bra- zil, 1-1, F. H- L. & Co, 643 Ani, 1-1, F. H. L. & Co. Gnateatcher, n-4, 644 Meadow Pipit, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co. 645 Redpoll, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 646 Ostrich, Africa, F. H. L. & Co. 647 Emu, from Australia, F. H.L.&Co. 648 Rhea, South America, F.H.L.& Co. 649 Moa (Cast). An extinct New Zea- land species. 650 A pyornis (Cast) An extinct Mada- gascar species. f 4 } | | | | | THE OOLOGIS'Y. 29 CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED Publishers, Patentees, Manufacturers, etc., sare daily requesting us tosupply the addresses of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, ete. Brunn’s successis marvelous, and will open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, to be mailed to business men, new, profitable ‘and permanent employment to one man,woman or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. and Canada. “The early bird catches the worm.” Wewantafew such ads. as Brunn’s (sample below) to start with in this month’s MAMMOTH @dition of AGENTS HERALD. Nails up signs, distributes cirecul- RUNN ars, papers, samples etc..through- { out Blackhawk and surrounding counties | only $3.00 per 1000. Address, W.H.BRUNN Waterloo, Ia. Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June "90. He began during the summer. That ad. paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept con- Stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, ‘clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day ‘distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 10U0 for many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each send you 1000 at the same time, making 100U packages of 10 each, for distributing which you would promptly receive $30. 15 in advance and $15 when work is done. Parents make your boy a present. Start them in this growing bus- iness. Begin this neat business before some ‘one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come in on the ground floor.”’ Instructions How to ‘Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or, postage stamps for a # line ‘‘ad ” AGENT’S HERALD, No. 171 South Sth Street, Philada., Pa. . Our Address during the next few months, will be at either ALBION, N. \%., or No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. You canaddress your orders and letters to Whichever address you are the nearer—All mInatters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, should be addressed at Albion. Should you wish to reach us personally, you should address “LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and “WEBB”, at CHICAGO. ‘Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO. TR AYS If you want any of those extra 5 heavy alligator covered square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- ‘tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any- size from 3in.x3 in. to 8in.x8in. We will ship by express at * dur expense in well assorted nests at $1.00 pe 1100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if you order spe ial sizes and- do not leave the assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per ~ 7100 or $15.00 per 1000. * . Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, - Weean furnish{3i 6 in.x6 in -are less than cost. + 25K -X3 in,.4in.x4in.,5in.x5in., WT ic. 70/8 in.x8 in. ¢~ if you wantany of the World’s Ha, LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage _ “Grove Ave., CHivauc, [LLS, \ Manuf C Z : The specific and universal opinions, condensed, are as follows: “You deserve great praise, and the gratitude of the reading world—that portion of it, at least, that is fortunate enough to read THE GREAT DIVIDE. Having a field entirely its own, it is intensely American in cast and character.”’ It is useless for us to say, the illustrative features and typography are superb—equal in guality and unusualness to the fascinating and Strange contents that fill our columns. TEN CENTS a copy; ONE DOLLAR a year. Your newsdealer has it, if not, send to THE GREAT DIVIDE, Denver, Col. ry WH ONLY CIRES TOR y on carn. ‘| Guaranteeing dO0.000. bor } Ouly 10 cents (regular price | .5 cents.) your name, if re- 4 ceived within next 30 days, will be BOLDLY W printed on gummed i! paper, and from Pub- ii lishers, Manufactur- Pebably thousands, of valuable Books, i! ers and others, you Saimpies, Papers, Maga- USN will receive hundreds 45, etc. AL! free and | ) parcel with one of RSPR fail ¢ boldly printed ad. Giesses pasted thereou. XTRA! We will also print and prepay postace cn ov0 of your gummed addresses to you, fur yo ir personal use ; which are valuable to stick on vour envelopes, books, etc., to prevent their being lost. IkKIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 1391. DEAR SIRS—My 500 addresses received. From my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I have received over 8,000 parcels oF mail. My Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- tirers, ete. are arriving dailv,on valuable parcels of Gall, ftom all parts of the World. J.A.WARE. THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGRY ¢ Department No. 171, Philadelphia ,Pa. The Worlds Fair at Home! Selected Photographs, printed and mounteu Ly a Professional Photogra- pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. Address P.. F. MARCH, Fern Bank, Hamilton County, O. Chay Bil eg 30 THE OOLOGIST. \Y DUNKIRK, | N.Y. = QW TTT iN me en " Te iT is a Patented May 6, 1890. MAN WUE ACU Rams OF Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays. AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS. Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market. Niagara Falls. Hundreds of the Readers of the Oonoaisr will visit them during the World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fe~ steps from R. R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © ~upies a new three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill— Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS: EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. Vernier and Metric or French System. as Oologists! Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, ; strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, b, an wean apeciinens Tesora most accurate, most compact, and most 1} one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. hardened jaws, 1% in. long, graduated in 1-100 Catalogues mailed free by of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to . - any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad- : The Marlin Fire Arms Co., uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For iljlus- if trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum- Hg NEw Haven, Conn., U.S. A. bia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,) EEE - H. H. & C- S. Brimley, ollectors, Raleigh, N.C. First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. THE OOLOGIST. 31 | SB] QO, OOO Is ce ota | Pirlo UF In Shells, Curios, Specimens, and Souvenir Goods. during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and this stock is a surplus one. The above hits our case exactly and we have more than this © amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the . expense of shipping them there. If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, $25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a ' full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 50 per cent. Less Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices. Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will pay you. Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO. 32 ‘ THE COLOGIST. suasrWOrld’s Fair Book sum We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the i publishers of THE MAGIC CIrTy To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo- GIsT at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- graphie Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S # AIR and the MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mir. J. W. -Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public. They constitute a splendid series of Over 300 Views In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance, with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and among wild and curious races of people. More than $50,000 have been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- _ nificent work, and $50,000 more will be expended during the next few weeks in completing it. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and. won- derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. : These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and from which the best views could be obtained. In addition to the photographs secured bv these special artists, the publish- ers also had the pick and choice of those taken by the Official Photographer of the United States Government. THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance. illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho- tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume, 11x14 inches in size. ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! THE MAGIC CIFY is published in 16 consecutive weekly parts or portfo- lios, each portfolio containing 16 to 20 of these splendid original Photographs and Historical descriptions. The photographs could not be purchased separately for less than $1.00 to $1.50 each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly in- ferior views of this size. Portfolios Nos. 1 and 2 are now ready, Cut out the coupons on this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoGisT, with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will get either or both as you may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. Dad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Vab Lad Tad Vad Val bab Lab Lad ad Vad Lab Dad Lad Vad Pad Vad Pad Vad Pal COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 4, The O6LoGIstT’s Historical Art Series OF THE World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, entitled: The Magic City. Cut cut this Coupon and mail to the Oolo- gist with ten cents instamps or silver, and receive Portfolio No. 1 ota) Vad Vad Val Yad Dab Vad Vad bab Val bad bad Vad Pal tad bad Yad Vad bab Pad Vad bab Pad bad Pad) : : ee a PS a Bf Pe Ya) bed Fa) Yah Vad -bab Pad Yah Yad Yah Fab tad bad Pah -Vab tad Vad Pah bad Yad Vad Vad ta) Vad Vad lal COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 2, 3 The OéxLoeist’s Historical Art Series 5 OF THE World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, Entitled: The Magic City. » Cut out this Coupon and mail it to the DVD Vad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Pad Dal 5 Oologist, with ten cents in stamps or silver 3 and receive Portfolio No. 2. a a eR a a el Neb SLOT ere peer} Monthiy. « VOL. XI. NO. 2. é ~ Ee, c S88eeceeens - mrt BORO RRORSR SSS e eee COOK EG eeSees \eeBeeoe SSONGResoeeeD: uf \ uA @ 9 1 © 40000008 s Cog S Ceo ee eseeeE ee eee ee ee ee eee eee ese een ecessaseseae: Susensansncaeeuneaeeereusunge, AON ae ae 3) ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1894. e rare ssranaeee? , % *% * - < AEA BABA BAY fs... % Seg 5Oc. per Year. <3 4 WHOLE No. 100 Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ ‘‘Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department ‘for 50¢ per 35 words. “word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional Terms, cash with order. Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. “NEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only -and according to conditions stated thereon. is an opportune time for ¥YQU torenew your subscription to theQOOLOGIST for 1894, and it in arrears to make an early settlement of the same. Whether ‘this reminder applies to you or not,is it not high time that Y GU sent us at least one new subscriber I WILL exchange specimens, natural his- tory papers novels, Columbian stamps, etc, for birds eggs in sevs and oological supplies. ROY HATHAWAY, Red Key, Ind. FOR SALE.—$75.00 fine collection of first- ‘Class sets and series with full data for $25 00. Also watch, 20 bore B UL. shot gun and tele- scope. A few specimens gold ore. ten cents each. B.S. BOWDISH, Phelps, N. Y. WANTED:—Good skins of Black Skimmer, Florida Cormorant and Carolina Paroquet, Haye a choice list of skins and sets and would pay part cash. Write at once to N. HOLLIS- TER, Box 681, Delavan, Wisconsin. CORRESPONDENCE is solicited from those desiring to purchase fine, small-holed Oregon birds’ eggs, in sets with complete data, the ‘coming season. Price list for a 2 cent stamp. ARTHUR L. POPS, McMinnville. Ore. , TO EXCHANGE:—U, S. postage stamps and stamped envelopes for Same, or revenue, ‘or Confederate stamps or will pay cash for “ones wanted. WALTER J. GARVEN, Greens- boro, Vermont. FOR EXCHANGE:—A good “Juno” Safety Bieycle, 28in. wheels, ball bearing. either lady or gent can ride. Make best offer in eggs, stamps or books. W. F. WEBB, 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, II. LOOK !—A collection of ist class singles at 15 per cent discount on Standard Catalogue to ‘exchange for Ist class eggs in sets with data, of water birds. Hawks and Owls. Send list aud receive mine. A few sets to exchange. R. SANDFORD care of A Kirkham, Hastings- on-the-Hudson, New York. WANTED:—A good Kodak, any of the best makes, size No, 2. Will offer fifty dollars worth of western eggs in sets including White Faced Ibis, Black Stilt, Least Vireo and others, also. want stamps in exchange. A. M. SHIELDS, Stimson Block, Los Angeles, Cal. FOR EXCHANGE:—A collection of about fifteen hundred foreign and U. S. stamps, valued at $5.00. for eggs. JNO. BECKWITH, Franklin, Tennessee. EGGS IN SETS and singles and all kinds’ of curios to exchange at any time. O. W. HOW- ARD, 853 S. Olive St., Los Angeles, Cal. STUDENT CAMERA, boy’s bicycle and bird wings sold cheap, foreign stamps on sheets, 12 for 6 cents. FRANK BREHM, JR., Box OC, Erie, Pa. TO EXCHANGE, as a lot, for best offer in Ist_ class sets, the following 2d class singles: Ridg. No. 5 set %, 47, 23, 93, 12314, 182. 240b, 249, 272, 282, 326, 378, 394, 402, 408, 436, 522, also Ist class sets of 402 and others to exchange for sets. A. H. PHILLIPS, Princeton, N. J. ALLIGATOR SKINS:—We have a number of first-class Alligator skins, made last Novem- ber by an experienced hand. Prices prepaid only: For a 2% Gator, $2.00; 3 ft. one, $2.50; 3% ft., $3.00. Address F. H. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill. TO EXCHANGE:—“‘Our Birds in Their Haunts.” (new.) setS with data of Nos. 30a2-1, 289 1-3. 378 1-10, 506 1-5. 593 1-3. 598 1-8, 705 1-4 and many singles. Also two thoroughbred female Scotch Coljlie puppies and other articles, to ex- change for eggs in sets or books on ornithol- ogy. WM. H. BELL, West Point, Virginia. t"On the wrapper of this month’s O6LoGIsT you will find some figures fol- lowing your name. ©OOLOGIST. These figures you will find fully explained on page 56 of this 34 THE OOLOGIST. FOR SALE.—5 new 1894 Scott; International Stamp Albums at $1.50 each. This edition has been greatly enlarged, F.H. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill. OFFERED —Skins of Mammals, birds eggs, from Washington, Idaho. Wanted, micro- scope, camera, aneroid barometer, Compass, Heavy Revolver.Coues’ Key, Ridgeway’sManual. J. O. SNYDER,.Puilman, Wash. I HAVE to exchange desirable sets with original data and singles. for first-class bird skins. EDMUND HELLER, 196 Rubidou Ave., Riverside, Cal. : FOR EXCHANGE.—A pair of large Elk Ant-. lers on Skull in good shape, for Kodak Camera in good order and standard make, also eggs to. exchange for minerals, shells and curios of all kinds. ALF. EASTGATSA, Grand Forks, N. D. A NEW GOLDING $25 printing press, rollers never used, for best offer in eggs, rocks, Indian relics or curios. Make offer at once J. W, MYKRANTZ, Ashland, O. WANTED:—To hear from all who would like to exchange eggs with me this season. I ean collect anything you want in southern eggs. GEO. F. MIMS, Lock Box 85, Edge- field, S.C. NOTICE. I wish to close out my entire col- lection of minerals. Shells and fossils, so, until April 1st I will seud $2.50 worth toevery one senjing me $1.00. Will exchange any of the above and books for Indian relles. GEO. W DIXON, Watertown, S. D. MINERALS and ffrst-class eggs with datas to exchange for same or egg tools. GEO. ROBBINS, Front and A Sts., San Diego, Cal. FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —I have first Judge's prize offered by OOLOGIST (part of May- nard’s works.) Value $5.00. Will sell for $3.50 or best offer. FRED W. PARKHURST, Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y. “The OoLOGIST gives the quickest returns of any medium I eversaw. Answers tomy notice came by next mail after receiving my copy.” ERNEST H. SHORT, Chili, N. Y. A BOOK of 100 datas with stub perforated sent postpaid for 30 cents. I will exchange a limited number for sets of Hawks, Hummers and Water-birds at 60 cents per 100. Sample on application. ROY CRIHFIELD, Atlanta, Tllinois. A GREAT ISSUE! The January Nidiologist surpasses any of the ones which have preceded ‘it, Which is saying much. Walter Raine con- tributes the first installment of a wonderfully fascinating article on ‘‘Bird-Nesting in North West Canada,’”’ with two “‘half-tone” illustra- tions, one of a Pintail Duck’s nest and the other a portrait of Mr. Raine. A “‘half-tone”’ portrait of the late oologist, Capt. B. F. Goss, with article by Capt. Chas. E. Ben jire. and an illustrated article by C. E. Doe on the Ospreys, are other features. Every issue of this, the only illustrated? ornithological monthly in America. is exceptional. You never saw its like. Single copies are 15 cts. each, but we send you a ‘sample’’ for 10 cents silver. Better send a dollar for a year’s subscription and get free exchange notice which will otherwise now cost you 50 cents. Back numbers supplied while they last. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California. EXCHANGE:—I have a Winchester single shot. 25 cal. rifle, has been used but little, a set of Ideal reloading tools with it. A 388 cal. col- lecting§ gun. hunting coat, a few bird skins and the following books: Therapuetics, Its Principles and Practice, by H. C. Wood. this book is perfectly new; Home Studies in Phar- macy; Modern Magic. I will exchange for snr- veying instruments. old war relics or for books pertaining to Civil Engineering. W.R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa. WANTED.—First-class eggs in sets for which. I will exchange minerals, fossils, Curiosities, books and several specimens that were on ex- hibition at the Columbian Exposition. JAMES. J. CARROLL, Lampasas, Texas. EXCHANGE NOTIC#.—Have seven vols. of OoLOGIst,one ofScience*‘TaxidermistsManual,” Brown; "faxidermists’ Guide,” Hurst. Want. Am. Agriculturists, Abbott’s “stone Age” and second hand steel traps No’s 0, 1 and 2. AL- BERT B. FARNHAM, Benning, D. C. TO EXCHANGE.—Birds in the meat this winter. Parties who are interested please write. No cards. H, M. WOLF, Kewanee, Henry Co, Ills. I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer- ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, Curios, ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Vau,s Har-. bor, Mich. LOOK HERE! Ihavearare and beautiful Fossil (Birds Eye Marble), found no where else. I will exchange Highly Polished specimens or Paper Weights for Indian Relics, Rare Fossils. or Shells. CHARLES BRIGGS, Lisbon, fa. IOWA COLLECTORS.—I desire to corres- pond with every Ornithologist in the state,with a view of extending our observations, send ad- dress on postal to, DAVID L. SAVAGE,Salem, Henry Co., lowa. EGGS —Bald Eagle, Buzzard, Hawks, Hood- ed and Parula Warbler and nests. Many others, cheap, cash. Only perfectly safe climbing gear. adjustable to any size tree. can make. cheap. can stop anywhere on tree to rest and have your hands free. Also new style climbers, not the least tiresome. Stuffed birds. Inform- ation, terms. prices for stamp. EF. THEO MIL- LER. Laneaster, C. H. Va. I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to that one little exchange in June OOLOGIST than { did in all of several other excbange ads. I ven-. tured in other p:pers, which cost me over $10. ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan. FOR SALE:—Scme fine sets of American Bittern’s eggs of 4and 5 eggs each, first Class, with data. at 30 cents per gg. Also large lists. of sets and singles in proportion, and a 38 cal. collecting gun, nickel plated, 5 spot, with de- tachable black walnut stock, in good condition. ELMER J. GILLETT, Barre Centre, Orleans, Co., N. Y. COLLECTORS :—I have practically a perfect contrivance for climbing trees which I have successfully tried for several years. By its use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape, size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and easy to climb. The device is durable, light. and easy to manipulate. Price $2.00. For par-~ ticulars address, M C. WHITE, Matthews, Va. ONE COPY ‘“‘Bir1s of Michigan,” 70 Natural History papers. single birds eggs and pair of polished cow horns for good Indian Relics_ SAMUEL H. ROBBE, Bellville, Mich. THE OOLOGIST. 35. GOING TO BUILD? Send for illustrated catalogue. containing 26 handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S MODERN HovsES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t EGGS. From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- dia Australia, Africa, etc.. correctly named at moderate prices. also European and exotic Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, : Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, . Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy. Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New London, Wis. PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a speciality. Note and letter heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- dreds of engravings of natural history speci- mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F. CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf | T have just imported | over 500 gro. eof arificial leaves. I am now having a plate made and a list printed. If you think this list would inter- est you,I would be happy to mail you one. I’m now stocking up with the best material in the market and no doubt within a month I will have the finest stock of supplies in the country. If you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad- dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. THE LATEST Dating Stamp. 1894 to 1899. SOc. POST PAID. Satisfaction Guarant’d R. W.FORD, Rubber Stamp Mfr. BRISTOL, CONN. Promptly secured. Trade-Marks ~ Coy Ti hts and Labels registered. Twenty-five Seas eee perience. We report whether patent can be secu'ed or not, freeofcharge. Our fee not due until patent is allowed. 3:2 page Book Free. H. B. WILLSON & GO., Attorneys at Law, Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON. D. Cc, CIRCULAR DISYRIBUTERS WANTED Publishers, Patentees. Manu‘acturers, etc., are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, to be muiled to business men, new, profitable and permanent employment to one man,woman or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. and Canada. ‘“‘The early bird catches the worm.’’ Wewanta few such ads. as Brunn’s. (sample below) to start with in this month’s MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD. RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul-— ars, papers, Samples, etc. through- W out Blackhawk and surrounding counties : only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN Water.oo. Ta. Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June 90. He began during the summer. That ad. paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept Con- stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to mail 1000 circulars <> —~<+- A White Grackle. * On October 10 or 12, 1893, a farmer named Dean Miller shot a White Grackle on his farm one mile west of here. © It was with a flock of Grackles that were feeding in a corn field. He shot it and then had a Taxidermist mount it. The bird is pure white without the slightest trace of black, the bill is of a cream color, the feet are white with a grayish tint and the eyes are light yel- low with black pupils. The bird’s structure shows it to be of the Grackle species and in all itisa very handsome specimen. F. A. Cosy, Beatrice, Neb. THE OOLOGIST. 49 THE OOLOGIST. A Monthly Magazine Devoted to ‘COOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. ALBION, N. Y. FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F.. WEBB, Editors. Correspondence and items of interest to the ‘student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited from all. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. Single Subscription - = 50c per annum Sample Copies SMa iS. aie 5c each The above rates include payment of postage by us. Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good for an Exchange Notice and the other for 25c. when presented with an order of $1.25 or over Subscriptions can begin with any number Back numbers of the OoLogist can be furnish ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- tions and prices. t-Remember that the publisher must be no- itified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. ADVERTISING RATES. -20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. Twelve lines in every inch. SPECIAL Rares, for advertisements continued ‘Three months or more, per liN€....ce..eceeeees 15¢ ‘Six months or more, per line...... 60 .12346¢ Twelve months or more, per line......... selise LOC ALTERNATIVE RATES. For advertisements occupying any one issue One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ One column (S4 lines) or more, per line...... 124¥¢ -One page (168 lines) or more. per line.........-10€ Cash must accompany all orders. Remittances should be made by Draft, Express ‘or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or Postal Note. Unused U. 8S. Postage Stamps of any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts payable and address all subscriptions and com- munications to F. H. LATTIN & CO.. Albion, Orleans Co., N. Ys *,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries for publication should be forwarded as early in the month as possible. @NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, os Mr Howard Cudlip died at the home of his father, Washington, D. C., in October last. Wm. G. Smith, formerly of Loveland, Colorado, is now conducting an eating house in Deal, England. If Friend S. makes as good a landlord as he is a naturalist his house will be full to over- flowing at all times. Mr. J. P. Newell, Jr. of Carthage, Mo. writes of taking 14 eggs from a nest of the Red-shafted Flicker besides leaving four to hatch. We are indebted to Messrs. Bradford & Beadles of Mayfield, Ky. for an in- vitation to the Third Annual Supper of the K. K. K. (Hunting and Fishing) Club. The supper was served in old fashioned camp style and the follow- ing was the Bill of Fare: Fish. Crop- pie: broiled, fried; Trout: broiled, fried. Game. Bear: steak, roast; Venison: steak, roast: Quail: broiled; Duck: baked stewed; Squirrel: broiled; K. K. K.: camp stew; Rabbit: barbecued. Breads. Corn Light Bread; Baker’s Bread. Crackers, Pickles, Catsup, Onions, Wor- cester Sauce, K. K. K. Coffee, Water. The Menu cards were elegant souven- irs of the occasion. Sorry we couldn’t have been there. << Frauds Again. I am very sorry to be zompelled to warn my _ ornithological brethren against any party who offers such eggs as:—Pac. Kittiwake, Pac. Fulmer, Pela- gic Cormorant, Arizona Pyrrholoxia and many other such like sub-specifie rari- ties. It has painfully dawned upon me that parties who offer such eggs as the above “in exchange for common spe- cies” are to be absolutely avoided if one would escape mortification and loss. Let me embellish this warning with a bit of humor. A set of ‘‘Rusty” Grackle offered me with sets of the above showed, when examined with a microscope, some erasures, but the small end of one egg bore, boldly, tho following overlooked inscription‘ ‘360%”. This particular egg, then, had at some time done duty as an egg of the “Smoky-fronted Jay!” Truly, there is fun, sometimes, even in failure. P. B. Peasopy, Owatonna, Minn. 50 THE OOLOGIST. Some Winter Bird Notes Perhaps at no season of the year is consistent study more remunerative to the ever observant student of ornithol- ogy, than in winter. and summer, when the cleared field and the woodland,the marsh and treach- erous slough alike present the activity of a ‘‘Cherokee Strip,” as the feathered hosts return to take possession and rear their broods,excite our enthusiasm as we note the industry and the thought displayed on every hand. In winter our admiration is great as we note the hardships so bravely met, the reason, tact, and wit, displayed by those daring little fellows who, when the pomp and color of the annual migratory ranks has passed, remain to battle with frosty blast and driven sleet and often look without despair, upon starvation in its many threats. Now is brought out the inherent dispositions, so various in the different species, as each thought, each nerve is strained to procure food and detect the many natural enemies. Not only is the utmost diligence required but reason, undisguised, is made appar- ent in each act. The summer of plenty and content brings forth, in the lower forms as in the highest, the happiness, the gayety, attendant upon success. With man in the arctic wilderness in winter and with birds exposed to the same conditions, we find the natures altered, the altitude changed from one of exuberance to that of grave reason- ing and utmost industry as necessity compels. Then in winter we may learn much ofa bird’s depth of thought which it may command as environment re- quires. Very noticeable, during my almost daily walks about the fields, has been the apparent absence of three of our most common and regular winter res- idents: the Tree Sparrow, Sytzella monticola, the Junco., Junco hyemalis, The spring-time — and the Prairie Horned Lark, Otocoris: alpestris fraticola. These are usually to be found in abundance in winter,— the Tree Sparrows and: Horned Larks- in the fields feeding upon the seeds of weeds, which have been allowed to stand, and the Juncos more frequently about the shubbery and kitchen door. The Juncos came here in the fall as: usual with the Tree Sparrows, but I. have seen neither since October 28th, 93. Where these birds are if they are- present at all, I am at loss to know. Sometime avo, a laborer came to me- with the information that a ‘‘big hawk” _was flying round and round a marshy pond which he had chanced to pass. T immediately set forth, for it was al-- ready nearly dark. When I came- within sight, a large bird which I at: first took to be a male Marsh Hawk,, was soaring above the coarse grass and! snow,nucw and then swooping suddenly down to alight for a moment but as suddenly to take wing again. As I drew nearer I recoguized it to be aBarredOwl, Syrnivum nebulosum. Never before have: Thad so good a chance to study this. owl’s method of hunting. It is exceed- ingly active in flight, soaring fully two- thirds of the time, as would a hawk. Its agility in turning suddingly upward: or downward and in wheeling about. was remarkable, much after the fashion: of the iast. It was evidently in search: of meadow mice. Iwas finally detected’ and his owl-ship made haste in escaping- over the hills to the woodlands near. In none of our winter birds is shown: such a. lovable disposition, combined’ with so much of modest beauty, as im our common Mourning Dove, Zenai- dura macroura. This winter a flock, of about twenty, has made a farm yard its head quarters, picking up the corn and seeds, scattered in feeding the stock. ‘These doves increase very fast, but many perish in our coldest winter- weather. Many a cold morning have I found several of these tender birds. THE OOLOGIST. 51 huddled together by some stack so cold that I could pick them up in my hands. More often have I found them frozen stiff in a little gronp, entirely lifelike in position and appearance. On December 6th, I observed for the first time, that great tlocks of the Snow Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis had ap- peared upon the wintry scene with all the zest of their frolicsome natures. They have interested me much. Their sudden appearance upon the bare ice of on open lake, where all would alight within the radius of a few feet, com- pletely covering the surface, then their allas sudden and mystic departure to and among the surrounding hillsides, leaving the observer staring in amaze- ment at “where they should be,” and their altogether restless movements, render them almost dreamlike. Why they gather upon the ice and this is a very characteristic habit of theirs here, I have been unable, so far, to deter- mine. Their quaint notes seem to con- vey to the mind a thought of home- sickness. The half dozen specimens taken for my collection were very fat and I think that they will not lose Sesh here in Michigan, if we may take their diet as data bearing upon this point. The crops contained a large per cent of wheat, taken from the surface of the fall-sown fields, with some seeds of the pigeon grass and other smaller ones not identified. It is surprising to see how soon these usually suspicious birds learn to regard the gunner with the ut- most fear. Though not uncommon the Snow Bunting is not of regular occur- ence in Washtenaw Co. I wish that I might take you all, on some pleasant morning, one mile across the fields tothe border of a lonely little swamp; at least so it is called, but here is a place of great attraction at present, to those who love the study of birds. At this place in the late fall some dogs killed a sheep and nearly stripped it of flesh. Through the snow protrude the ghastly ribs bearing bits of flesh, and this is our point of observation, In quest of the frozen bits of meat come Downy and Hairy Woodpeckers, Blue Jays, Chickadees, White-breasted Nut- hatches, and a huge Red-tailed Hawk. Here [| have watched all but the Buteo at one time, and as they tug and quar- rel and scream their different temper- ments are shown superbly. How dif- ferent from the dainty Chickadee, as he pecks away at some tiny morsel, is the rowdyish onslaught of, that bully among birds, the Blue Jay. How dif ferent from either is the fierceness with which the mighty Red-tail hauls and twists on some ligament or ten- don with beak and talons. Yet all have in view the one object, food. Again we find the Great Horned Owl, Bubo virginianus, charged with crime and in custody. A neighbor hearing eries fron? his ill-protected fowls, one moonlight night,rushed from the house, gun in hand, just in time to take a wing- shot at one of these magnificent birds. The charge of shot merely tipped its wing and it was taken alive. It has quite recovered, and is now'in my pos- session, a fine mate for one of its kind which I have reared from a downy chick. Here, as in other places, the farmer neither appreciates nor cares to understand, as a rule, the good which the Hawks and the Owls do him. He has,in the township, voted a twenty- five cent bounty for each Hawk or Owl head presented at the oflice of theTown Clerk. Crows are honored with a val- uation of fifteen cents per head. Hence, every small Loy and Jazy man is try- ing to earn aliving, by killing the grand- est, the most imposing order of birds our country affords. Yet the stealthy eat and howling cur go free, doing more damage to fowls than all other marauders put together. A few misde- meanors credited to these birds, how- ever, condemn them all, and the true lover of birds stands aghast at the wan- 52 j THE COLOGIST. ton slaughter. Of late a fine Bald Eagle’s head was presented for bounty, the learned clerk registered ‘“‘Hawk” and paid the sum. In closing these rambling notes I will but add that there are fewer birds here this winter, so far, than I have ever known before. No straggler from the North bas come to reward my ardent search. In vain have I looked for rare Hawks, Owls, Grosbeaks or Crossbills etc. In their absence however I will have more time to devote to: our most common species which are ever with us and which we should most thoroughly understand. L. WHITNEY WATKINS. Manchester, Mich. + 4