-—+
The Plumed Partridge.
The Plnmed Partridge Oreortyx pictus
plumiferus,inhabits the mountainous re-
gion of Southern California. In summer
‘they are found in high altitudes, but in
winter they are driven down to the foot
hills by the heavy snow. Their food
consists of various kinds of seeds, ber-
ries and grasses. They breed in high
mountains ‘‘not below 4000 feet” says
Davie. Their nest is composed of
leaves and grass. Their eggs are
creamy buff in color and from 8 to 20
in number. I am unable to say from
personal observation at what time of
year they commence laying, but Mr.
Smithson tells me that it is from the
first till the middle of April. The old
bird can be decoyed by a series of short
whistles much the sameas the call of a
young turkey. Perhaps a short gener-
. al description would be desirable.
Above olive brown, top of head, side of ~
neck and whole front half of under
side leaden blue, chin belly and under
side of neck reddish brown, Flanks of
the same color but with end of each
feather white. Under side of tail dark
brown.
In July and August of 1892 I found
them in abundance at Strawberry Val-
ley in the San Bernardino Mts., their
haunts were in the bushy canon and —
flats that contained a creek or spring.
Their chief food here was the seed of a:
kind of wild rye and also a short buncly
grass that grew around the water.
Mornings and evenings they come out
on the flats to feed and water while in
the middle of the .day they stay in the:
dark canon. Their roosting place was:
a bush or tree high enough to be out of
reach of any dangerous animals.
EDWARD WALL.
San Bernardino, Cal.
>
The Long-crested Jay in Colorado.
BY A TENDFRFOOT.
Although the lLong-crested Jay
(Cyanocilta stellert macrolopha) 1s very
abundant in the locality where the fol-
lowing notes were taken, its nest is,
comparatively speaking, very seldom
found. The observations given below
were made in the neighborhood of
Florissant, Col., which is about twenty
miles north-west of Pike’s Peak and has
an altitude of about 8,800 feet.
The surrounding country is, for the
most part, composed of well wooded
hills, and. ‘as the Indians burned the
whole region a good many years ago,
the growth is comparatively new. As
reminders of former days, innumerable
dead pine stubs stil! stand which are
frequented by Woodpeckers. Sparrow
Hawks, Nuthatchs and other birds that
build in similar places.
The trees. are principally evergreens
with large patches of quaking asp
THE OOLOGIST. .
‘sprinkled about, but the former trees
are where the Jay in question loves to
frequent during the breeding season.
The nest is usually placed in a tree re-
ssembling the pitch pine (pinws rigida,)
though I am inelined to think that, like
‘their eastern relative the Blue Jay (Cya-
nocilia cristata,) they not infrequently
build their nests in any of the other
‘coniferous trees with which the coun-
try abounds. 3
The distance of the nest from the
ground varies from twelve to twenty
feet, though, of course, there must be
extremities both ways.
The eggs are usually laid about the
ast week in May, and are usually four
or five in number. I think that a des-
-eription of a nest and set of eggs taken
May 21, 1892, will furnish sufficient par-
iticulars to suit the purpose of this arti-
cle.
The nest was placed twenty feet from
be ground in a pitch pine and is a typi-
‘cal one of the species, It is (with the
-exception of the general nature of the
‘material used) altogether different from
‘that of the Blue Jay, being at least three
‘times as bulky as an average nest of the
latter bird.
The material consists outwardly of a
substantial lair of twigs of the quaking
asp and has a lining from an inch in
thickness in some places to an inch and
-a half in others, composed entirely of
‘rootlets which are very neatly inter-
~woven so as to form a hollow in which
rto place the eggs. Despite this bulk of
material it would, with the exception of
the lining, almostinstantly fall to pieces
when taken out of the tree, if not held
together in some manner. Externally
it measures 8 inches in diameter x 8}
inches in depth; the cavity is 8} inches
in diameter x 14 inches in depth.
The eggs which were four in number
(one was unfortunately broken,) do not
at all resemble those of the Blue Jay.
They are ofa light blue ground color
having very faint tinge of greenish,
238
They are spotted at the larger ends quite
thickly with greenish brown, having
spots and dots of the same color scat-
tered thickly over the entire surface.
The peculiarity in the markings is that
very few of the spots are larger than
the head of an ordinary pin This is
very different from the eggs of the east-
ern bird which, as is well known, have
large spots and often blotches all over
the egg. The dimensions of the four
eggs in this nest are subject to slight
variation. The largest egg measures
1.20x.86 inches; the smallest 1.15x.82
inches.
To make sure of the identity the par-
ent bird was shot and is at this moment
posing before me in company with a
Blue Jay from Massachusetts.
This handsome species seems to be
about as thoroughly detested by the
ranchmen who keep hens as are the
hawks, for they can easily outclass a
hen at eating her corn and the only way
to prevent their doing so is to watch the
hens or shoot the Jays and the latter
method is usually adopted, when pos-
sible, as the surest. They are bolder
than any other bird I know of and have
fully as much intelligence.
My first call at my next-door-neigh-
bor’s cabin was about as amusing as
anything I have experienced in the or-
nithological line. I was sitting at the
door of the cabin watching him feed his
chickens and he had no sooner finished
and come back to me, when three or
four Jays swooped from the nueighbor-
ing trees into the midst of the chicken’s
food.
I innocently asked him if he thought
the chickens would get their share. At
this he turned round, and seeing them,
he expressed his opinion of them in re-
marks more forcible than polite vad
ended by saying that, although he had
shot more than he could shake. a stick
at, there was always just the same num-
ber at each meal. I noticed that these
particular birds were always off like
the wind the instant the door latch rat-
tled,
Hash.
How many of us remember, with an
amused smile, our first attempt at mak-
ing a collection? The badly blown
eggs which fell a prey to mice and in-
sects, the famous holes in the ends, the
large number of species we had, many
‘named from the shape, size and colora-
tion of the eggs, and the very common
varieties of which it was composed.
Yet to this last there were exceptions,
and notable ones, too. I had eggs in
my collection then which I should con-
sider very precious now if I had pre-
served them. Among them was part
of a set of Burrowing Owl, the only
one I have known to be taken this far
east. The way it was discovered is as
follows: A friend informed me that he
had found the hole of some animal and
requested that I go with him to dig the
mammal out. I went. We found that
there were two holes, one quite large
and another considerably smaller. We
dug in the larger one first and found
nothing, then turned our attention to
the other. A train of cow dung, with
traces of the bones and fur of mice
made it evident that the hole was in-
habited. The length we dug is some-
what obscure in my mind just now, but
I should say some two and one-half or
three feet, when we came to a number
of nearly round white eggs. ‘These, we
at once decided, had been carried there
by the animal which (we supposed)
lived in the hole. So, after carefully
taking them out we dug to the end of
the hole but found nothing else. Some-
what disappointed we divided the eggs,
he expecting to set his under a pigeon
and I to prepare mine for the collec-
tions of my brother and myself. Well,
his never hatched and ours fell victims
to the mice and the enfant terrible of
the household. Had I them now they
would be considered valuable as repre-
senting extreme eastern nesting of the
Burrowing Owl, for from subsequent
THE OOLOGIST.
10 (2), (42
study I have learned that they certainly
belonged to that species,
At another time I made a trip to the
Little Sioux River, some ten miles west
of my home, and found several varieties
of eggs before and since undiscovered,
as I have had no opportunity of visiting
the place since. One of these was the
Rose-breasted Grosbeak the other two
Vireos, species unknown. All were
destroyed, one of them being broken by
the too tight squeezing of the irrepres-
sible man who will handle our eggs
when they are shown him
However the most valuable of the
eggs I once. had was a set of four albi-
nos of the Black-throated Bunting.
They were taken after I had begun
scientific collecting, but owing to con-
siderable advancement in incubation I
was able to save only two of them.
These reposed in safety in my cabinet
for some time, but by some mishap they
were ruined and only one badly crack
specimen is left to represent a very rare
set of eggs. I say rare, because 1 have
never heard of a similiar set.
But this article was to be a sort of
hash, and I have mixedin a rather
large portion of one substance. The
next ingredient must be runt eggs. Of
these I have several. One is of the
Kingbird, taken with two full sized
ones from a deserted nest of the Blue
Jay. Itis smaller than the smallest
Flycatcher’s but not quite so small as a
Hummer’s. Another is of the Downy
Woodpecker, comprising part of a
set of five from Ohio. Then there is
one of the Prairie Hen, part of an ori-
gina! set of fifteen, and those of the
domestic species too numerous to men-
tion (or keep).
I have in my collection a fine set of
two eggs of the Sandhill Crane. - hey
were takenin Palo Alto Co., Iowa in
June, 1891, by one of my father’s herd
boys. Incubation was far advanced
and I should have been unable to save
them but for the use of an article which
THE OOLOGIST.
should be, and is rapidly becoming,
universally known to collectors, viz.
caustic potash. A solution of this in-
jected into the eggs soon destroyed the
embryos and made them as easy to
blow as though they had been filled
with water. This is the only set I owe
to the use of that chemical.
I well remembor the only nest of the
Sandhill Crane I ever found. It was
when I was very small, about ten years
old I think. My brother and myself
were herding cattle, and while walking
near the edge of a slongh I saw what
appeared to my juvenile vision to be a
red bird perched upon a large sedge.
It was in reality the head of a female
Sandhill Crane who was setting on her
eogs.. When we approached she left
the nest, half running, half flying, and
stopped a short distance away. We
secured the eggs, which were laid on
some dry grass that had been placed
upon the top of a half decayed muskrat
house and then turned our attention to
the owner of them. She was very fear-
less and would not leave us farther than
afew rods while we stayed near the
nest.
My undeveloped mind coneeived that
here was a good chance to cover myself
with glory, so repairing to a neighbor’s
near by | borrowed a gun, pretending
that it was for my father; one barrel was
loaded and after approaching as near
as possible to the Crane I deliberately
placed the stock wader my arm took a
careful (?) aim and fired. Bloodshed
resulted but it was from my nose,which
Was minus a large patch of epidermis
while the Crane was unharmed. The
eges were taken home and placed un-
der a goose and in due season one
young Crane came forth and was gorg-
ed with angle-worms tillit died. The
Sandhill Crane has been successfully
reared however.
In 1889 I;took three sets of Traill’s
Flycatcher from the same pair of birds.
The time of nest building and complet-
23
ing the set was just two weeks in each
case, and the birds reared a brood in a
forrth nest which I did not discover till
the young were quite large.
How is that for perseverance. Have
found nests of this species around the
same grove each year since, but no-
where else, so I concluded that this
pair of birds have made it their per-
manent home.
On July ist of this year I took a set
of four perfectly fresh eggs of the Black-
billed Cuckoo. Is this not rather un-
usual?
There is one little point with regard
to listing eggs that I have never seen
mentioned, and yet I think it should be.
It is this: when you have several sets of
some species, each containing the same
number of eggs, say four, do not list
them, as nearly all collectors do, after
this manner, 1-4, 2-4, 3-4, ete., but if
the number of sets is three make them
at once 3-4, i. e., three sets of four eggs
each. If the collectors would all adopt
this plan, as many already have, it
would save some confusion and a great
deal of time and space.
I have never tried the water-blower
which is so popular at present, but
blow my eggs by a different method,
which has been very nearly described
before. I procure a common family sy-
ringe and one of Lattin’s brass blow-
pipes. The blowpipe I fix stationary,
so it cannot move sidewise, upor down,
but ean be turned. The end of the sy-
ringe I insert into the blowpipe and am
ready for work. ‘the syringe, if a good
one, will, when the bulb is compressed,
readily force a current of air or water
through the point of the blowpipe, and
the apparatus can be used for either a
water or air blower. I prefer air. This
does away entirely with the use of the
human bellows, and makes the task of
preparing eggs, recently so formidable
as much a pleasure as a task.
The fate of this article will decide
geo
whether the editor of the OGLOGIST or
the waste basket has the greater appe-
tite for hash.
JOHN V. CRONE,
Marathon, Lowa.
The Carolina Wren.
This is the most numerous represen-
tative of this beautiful family in this
part of the year (March.) It raises two
broods every year, nesting very early
in Louisiana. I collected a set of four
partly incubated eggs on March 16,1893.
Later the House Wren exceeds its
cousin in abundance. I found a set of
five eggs on March 24 1893. These are
the earliest on record for this vicinity, I
think.
H. L. BALLOWE,
242 Prytania St’, New Orleans, La.
A SET OF FIVE OF THE PRAIRIE
HORNED LARK. On April 12, 1892.
a friend and myself started on a seare)
for eggs of this species. Our first find
was a very exceptional set of five nor-
mally colored eggs, which on blowing
proved slightly incubated. This is the
first set of over four I ever found, and
find three more commonly than four in
this locality. We were afterwards re-
warded with two sets of three each.
J.H Brown.
Davenport, Iowa.
BARTRAMIAN SANDPIPER _Bar-
tramialongicauda. This typical species
of our western prairies, commonly ealled
Field Plover, nests from May 1st to
July ist in this latitude. [I have al-
ways found the nest protected and
placed onthe ground in a bunch of
grass, on high prairie.
Dr. W. MorGan MARTIN,
Wellington, Kans.
On April 12th of this year I secured
a nice set of three eggs of the rare
Spotted Owl. The nest was situated
ina cottonwood about thirty-five feet
THE OOLOGIST.
up on a horizontal limb. The cotton-
wood stood in an open grove or witha
few other trees near the river. The
bird could be plainly seen as the nest
was rather small. he nest had been
built by the birds and was composed of
dead cottonwood sticks and bark strips
lined with feathers from the parent’s
breast. EDMUND HELLER,
Riverside, Cal.
a
A Mammoth Egg.
“We now come,”’ said Mr. J. C. Stev-
ens, at his auction-rooms in King street,
Covent Garden, says the Pall Mall Ga-
zette, “to the egg ot the Mpyornis maxi-
mus, the biggest bird either living or
extinct. It has been extinct for some
time, and only two of its bones have
been found. According to the cata-
Jogue the bird was more than ten feet
high and was flightless.”
“T should think so,” said a prospective
egg-buyer.
“Tt would seem to me,”’ said Mr. Stev-
ens, “that the bird that laid this ege
must have been something like 35 feet
high—about as high asa house. You
will see by the catalogue that it
measures 344 inches in its longest cir-
cumference and 28 inches in girth. This
egg is several inches larger than the egg
we sold last year. It is, of course, a
great rarity, and not more than thirty
of these eggs are known. This I think,
is the finest egg of the lot. It should be
remembered that there are sixty known
eggs of the Great Auk, and they sell
for 200 guineas each. I don’t mean to
say that this egg should bring as much
as a Great Auk’s egg, but we sold one
not so good as this last year for 70
guineas.”
The egg was passing from hand to
hand in a wooden box while the auetion-
eer was speaking. It looked too large
for an egg though in otherrespects it
seemed natural enough. It was not dif-
ficult to understand how a bird that had
laid such an egg had become extinct..
The egg is of a brownish-gray color and
sounds like porcelain when it is
drummed on with the knuckles. The
bird that was accustomed to lay this
egg lived, it is said, in Madagascar and
buried its egg in the sand. It is only
possible to find the egg by digging
in the sand, and more eggs may yet be
found, as a good deal of the seashore of
_ Madagascar has not been dug up yet.
The eggfwas finaliv sold for 67 guin-
eas.
THE OOLOGIST. 237
June Contest.
Prize winners and credits received
by each were as follows:
1. A trip for Loons’ eggs. 208.
2. Takin the Eggs of the Peregrine
Faleon. 206.
3. The embry Oology of a Bird. 109.
4. Wilson and Bartram. 5.
5. Floridan Races. 77.
The article World’s Fair Notes was
awarded one year’s subscription.
Below we name the winners of the
Judge’s prizes and the order in which
they named the winning articles in
their decision. Only one party named
them in correct order.
1. No. 52—W. Ambler, Cleveland, O.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Oe lee Stration. elomlony alls:
Been Os) A.
3. 6—W.F.Mountain, E.Orange, N.J.
12 hse Ayo.
4. 10—W.G. Van DeWsater, Gretna,
INGSPYS ley 2, 45 3,9:
5. 46—Geo. Dowell,
HERO os, <3.
' The 8rd prize was awarded to Mr.
Mountain as his vote was received here
prior to Mr. Dowell’s.
The following were awarded a World’s
Fair Almanac.
J. EK. Houseman, Ont.
L. B. Gillett, N.Y.
{=
Austin, Tex.
E. Doolittle, O.
A. Lohman, Wis.
R. McPherson, Mass.
ER She Grist oN.
C. Luther, Ark.
B. Rodwell, N. Y.
.L, Vandgrift, Pa.
. Morrison, Ark.
. W. Bayliss, Ia.
P. Norris, Kan.
.S. McGowan, Minn.
. A. Smithwick, N. C.
. T. Murk, Me.
W.H. Sutton, Md.
L. R. Kerk, Jr., Md.
B.S. Bowdish, N. Y.
H. L. Heaton, Kan.
C. Barlow, Calif.
W.S. Graham, III.
r. A. Andrus, Ore.
eo Me Rai a
FLAMINGO SKINS.
We have doubtless the finest lot of
skins of these elegant. birds ever
brought into U.S. Every one is per-
fect and guaranteed to please. Prices
range from $8 to $15, according to brill-
ianey of plumage or from $15 to $25 per
pair, the latter figure being for the
finest selected specimens. We _ also
earry a full line of skins in our Chicago
store, Douglas Arcade, 3571 Cottage
Grove Ave.
F.H. LATTIN & CO.
Can coin big money. Bran new
plan. Great craze. Just out.
“Good side line.” Biggestchance
ever offered agents, salary or com-
Goods on
mission. Be quick.
credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL-
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa.
Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tt
NW CHAS.K.REED, 2%
362MainSt. WORCESTER .MASS.3
i) ONLY DIRECTORY om Earts
= | Guaranteeing 30,000. For
= } only 10 cents (regular price
ia 25 cents.) your name, if re-
~ ceived within next 30
=) days, will be BOLDLY
printed on gummed
J paper, and from Pub-
lishers, Manufactur-
ers and others, you
|| willreceive hundreds
probably thousands,
5 Os waluable Books,
amples, Papers, Maga-
S———/ zines, etc. All free and
li f, each parcel with one of
Mn) your boldly printed ad-
dresses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6,
1891. DEAR S1RS—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac-
turers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of
quail, ftom all parts of the World. J.A. WARE.
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CO.,
Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa,
938 THE OOLOGIST.
. Fair and Resort Goods. &
Parties desiring to make an exhibit at their County Fairs or Resor ts should
consult our prices, before buying elsewhere.
We earry the largest stock in Chicago—of Shells, Shell Boxes, Spar Jewelr y,
also Agate and Sea Bean Jewelry, Fine Polished Agate Goods, Curios both Land
and Marine, and Corals of all kinds. We can put you up a good assortment for
Fair or Resort from $25.00 to any amount you care to invest. Write us at once if
you wish to make an exhibit.
We would invite any persons living near Chicago to visit our store at 3071
Cottage Grove Ave., and select what they desire.
Parties anywhere within 500 miles of the city can save their actual expenses
if they wish to buy this class of goods.
e expect, during the next three months, to handle more stock in this line
than any two Wholesale Houses in United States.
F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y.
AUDUBON’S Life-size pictures, beautifully and
accurately colored from nature.
BIRDS | Plates for sale separately, for fram-
ing.
OF
Estes & Lauriat,
Full descriptive catalogue sent FREE
AMERICA BOSTON.
by
Niagara Falls.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during the
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
THE OOLOGIST. 239
EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY! ™§2eP fatn
We want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or sets, in ex-
change at Standard Catalogue rates, or if in sets, we will allow 10 per cent above
these prices, in exchange for the articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in large
or small quantities. No exchange amounting to less than $1.00 can be “bothered
with” unless 10cts. additional is enclosed for return postage and packing. If you
have any of the rarer species to offer, send lists. Species wanted, A. O. U. No’s
1, 3, 4, 7, 12, 16, 27, 29, 40, 49, 53, 58, 59, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 80, 106;
any Cormorants, Ducks or Geese, 184, 186; any Herons, 206, 208, 211, 212, 214, 219,
224, 225, 228, 230, 261, 263, 278, 280 289; any rare Quail or Grouse, 310, 315, 320,
any Hawks or Owls, 387, 388, 394, 416, 417, any Hummers, 457, 458, 461, 466a,
467, 476, 484, 485, 486, 490, 494, 497, 505, 518, 538, 539, 542a, 546, 549, 550,
558, 587, 588a, 588b, 597, 598, 599, 601, 604, 608, 619, 631, 6383, 681, 687, 702, 710, 715,
717a, 721, 71a, 721b, 724, 725, 727, 735, 748, 748a, 756, 759b, 767; Alligator and
Snake. We will accept any species not mentioned above at one-half rates. The
prices given in the Standard Catalogue must be used as a basis. All eggs must be
strictly first class in every particular, and if not in such condition we will take
out eggs to the amount of five times the actual cost of return postage to pay for
same and trouble, and return the balance to you.
In return for the above we will give any of the following articles, specimens or
supplies at the prices quoted.
INGORE Ol LEMON 4 OW 0X3) ea eec see meee eases ee eee $ 2 Fragment Indian Pottery, Pla.................. 2125
iM PertechwublOw UPC =... ee we 10 AMES aGOIE ROO Diets eae re re een ee aaa ae 25
INU TR RIC Oi ferent D yer Wee ene ee ee 10 100 varieties Foreign Stamps 30
“© 2, 12-100 .** Peed oem ces ac oe es | eeter Cae 15 Sea sHorsew keys he ee 50
~ 3, 15-100 ** STi Wipe See ere Eee BY Renan Sar 17 Fossil Polyp Coral............. 25
4, 18-100 ** egies iaeeper Bee ese eee 20 Fossil Sea Urenin....... ra 25
Sa s2l OO SSA grt N Sse uae es au Soa oe 25 Sika texihio pee hee ae eon 15
Nickel Plated Embryo Hook 4% in. long... 30 Sharksbeo eee ea ey Rye Vel ola ee 20
GLASS EYES.—No. 10 Flint per prs......... 08 Hammerhead Shark Hgg.........2...--...--------- ee
BT eee SC raae: enw 15 IBSEN ACLE Sin Gil Cees nein enn ee enn 15
EO it) aaa Seale ae wees 35 Starhsh Atl anti cesses een 25
Se ON BO Dee Ra 50 Fossil Fish Eggs, one dozen 25
Coy TC We RORy AMY) PO" ee 25 SaniceD olla ree eae 10
100 Data Blanks, Assorted.....................2..... 35 SAWA MISTS awe eee cael ei oe eee 75
12 New Checking Lists. ................. eas et 35 Hormedvhoadsastutiedes ee eee 75
Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds Eggs... 50 Small Porcupine Fish, a great curio... 3 00
Handbook on Insect Collecting ....... . 15 Echinaste rsentus,a rare BLACK Starfish. 75
Back No’s of the OOLoGIStT at single copy
price as quoted on page 189, June issue.
20 back numbers of OOLOGIST,our selection 75
OOLOGIST (no premium) to Jan., 1894. _...... 50
OoLOGIST, with premium. for one year...... 1 00
Card good for 35-word’*Want, Exchange or
Eor Sale” notice in the OOLOGIST......... 1 00
Davie’s Naturalists’ Manual,’ 125 pages
of valuable illustrated information .__.. 75
NVORIGESHH aie mana Gee oe 35
Beetle Nut, New Zealand......... .......... ize 15
REE Sea se a Nite we ote ee es De Ae is Peo + OB)
Gray Sea Bean 05
Scaphites Nodosus extra fine.......... 2022... 1 00
OUST MeA ALC r a meee avn Bebe eat 35
Heliaster Kubingii. The South American
Sun Dial or Many-armed Starfish_....... 1 00
Asterias ochracea, an unique Starfish......... 75
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CUSHTONYS Gai s nee eee eee i 00
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AEM ASKS bets Hee eee one nee 2 00
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TOOO\ Hal JERK MTG Wel fe ek oko teeecee 1 50
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Scorpion nicely mounted and boxed........... 1 00
Egg of Nurse Shark, a new and rare curio.
Offered collectors for the first time. 1 00
BIRDS EGGS. White-crowned Pigeon*.. 150 Gray-tailed Cardinal -...... 1 50
White-winged Dove*......... 80)” “nepal Cerachhopytey is 50
Can furnish species followed Mex. Ground Dove ........... 75 Sharpe’s Seed-eater*......... 1 2
by * in sets with data if desir- Tex. Screech Owl*.__........... 75 Sennett’s Thrasher*......... 20
ed. : Burrowing] Ow lees 20 Curve-billed Thrasher*..__.. 20
St. Domingo Grebe ..... ... $ 60 Southern Hairy Wood- Carolina Wren..... -.......-..- 15
OO bye erm cieesensy aaa eee 35 Decker. ee hee heh 100 Bewick’s Wren........ Pea c.!)
INO diy hs seeps I 60 Mex. Crested Flycatcher* 50 Brown-headed Nuthatch... 35
IBHenGlkeol MMeyeare te lS 175 Hlorida Blue Jiay* -...)..._.. ce OO me Dut bedy Mitno muse cess 40
Audubon’s Shearwater*... 2 25 Dwarf Cowbird.................. 1D ee Ip Pers OUze lessees 1 00
SS.COUC epee core eee eo 200 Red-eyed Cowbird ............. 50) Sroxavess Gayest he 5 1)
NYO OCS s eee earee eres 200 Bullock’s Oriole................ 12 European Blackbird*........ 10
bam Canes eee ee (OO eee Ouse hinch ele ee O08) Picduhlycatchers = 20
Chachalacate 2 100 American Goldfinch*......... OSE CiriBunting= ee 30
Texas Sparrow*..2... 200. 0) Stovoy Aayerars ga ee 20
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THE OOLOGIST.
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Sa
NELLULT TT 1 tt
a iE AEAL
VOL. X.
ALBION, N. Y., SEP., 1893.
eh
LT angnoeseaeg / /”)) \ paeaesadparas” és
» Panocisy. <
‘Ss iY ! SO ai Mi:
Monthiy. iS 50c. per Year. t
The Rose-breasted Grosbeak at Home.
The Rose-breasted Grosbeak is a not
uncommon bird hereabouts during the
summer; but, someway or other, like
certain other of our common birds it is
true of him that, though you see him
often himself, the place of his habita-
tion is not so frequently met with.
Henee it is that I have chosen to speak
of his majesty ‘‘at home.”
- But perhaps you don’t know where
he lives? Well, come with me and I
253°
will show you his private residence.
Perhaps you better put on your rub-
ber boots before starting, as you are
likely to need them.
Two miles south, turn to your right,
then a mile-west. Here the road skirts
a piece of woods. Over the fence and
vou are in the ‘“‘Peat Swamp,” many
acres in extent, and thickly wooded,
Proceed straight south through the
woods. The land keeps getting lower
and the water more plentiful, and soon
you come to an opening in the forest,
where you find a vast Swampy meadow
entirely surrounded by woods. The
meadow itself is nothing more. than a
swamp, there being water on every
hand, and progress is only practicable
along the higher elevations or by step-
ping from one tussock of grass to an-
other.
All over this swampy meadow are
bushes growing, which become thicker
and more entangled as we approach the
bordering woods
Now look out. Here are numerous —
warblers and a fine place it is to study
them Yellow Warblers, Chestnut-
Sided. and the Maryland Yellow-throat
breed here, and Wilson’s Thrush in the
woods near by; while in the bushes you
will find an occasional Grosbeak’s nest.
As you come upon this rural resi-
dence of H. ludoviciana, you are quite
as likely to find the man of the house in
as the /ady, for he ‘“‘spends his evenings:
at home,” in short, does his share of the
housework. You are quite as likely to
find the male Grosbeak on the nest as
the female, and how different in ap-
pearance, the two! The male in all the
rich gorgeousness of his red, white and
black, while the female is of a dull
brown throughout. As you approach
the nest, either bird will not leave until
you almost touch the nest, when it slides
out and away. If it be the male, he re-
mains in the immediate vicinity, fliting
from bush to bush and offering vc-
casional remonstrance. If it be the fe-
2504
male she flits through the bushes and
away.
I have: not visited the Peat Swamp
since June, 1890, but at that time sever-
al pairs of these birds were breeding in
close proximity to each other. All the
nests I found were uniformly four feet
from the ground in the forks of bushes
and lightly composed of weed-stalks, -
grasses and hemlock twigs, lined with
finer hemlock twigs. However, it did
not strike me that the nests were as
lightly and loosly composed as the books
would lead us to think the nests of this
bird are.
The eggs are invariably four, and the
time to go for complete sets in this lo-
cality, is June 5-8. (For a description
of the eggs of the Rose-breasted Gros-
beak, and how they vary among them-
selves, see an article by me in August,
1890 OdLoeIstT, on ‘‘ Variation in eggs of
Habia ludoviciana.)
So much for the Rose-breasted Gros-
beak at home. He is modest, and gen-
teel, and never has much tu say, except-
ing before breakfast and after tea, when
he may rise to some near-by tree and
pour fourth one of the richest sylvan
melodies with which God has blessed
the world. Oh, the depth and richness
of those evening notes. He is a -true
poet, and what depth of soul must find
expression in those touching chords —
which arise from these lonely swampy
wildernesses, as the evening sun sets
reluctantly in the west leaving rosy,
blushing clouds behind, and twilight
comes slowly on. Oh, sweet memories
of summer evenings, gorgeous sunsets,
approaching night, and sweet notes
arising on the evening air from lonely
forest dells, lull me to sleep in deepest
revery of God’s goodness unto man.
NEIL F. Posson,
Medina, N. Y.
The Nighthawk’s Nest.
I know of no bird, nesting in this
vicinity, that has, within the last few
THE OOLOGIST.
years, so completely changed its nest-
ing habits as the Nighthawk. It has
almost entirely disappeared from its
original home in the wilds of the coun-
try, and rears its young on the great
roofs in the heart of the city, and here
they are more than abundant.
The eggs are deposited upon the
coarse gravel. without even the apology
for a nest, whieh they once constructed,
and, as they possess a remarkable re-
semblence to the pebbles about it is a
difficult task to discover them.
The heat on these roofs—in the day
time—is so excessive, that all search has
to be conducted in the earley morning,
and even then it is a hot job.
It has long been a debatable question
in my mind, whether this heat does not
often destroy the eggs and young, as I
have several times taken eggs, either
addled or containing dead young, from
nests that I was certain were occupied.
FRED BAKER,
Stratford, Ont.
Leaving Nest Eggs.
It has been my experience that quite
a number of birds may be induced to lay
more than their complement of eggs by
leaving one or more eggs in the nest.
A few years ago, there was a Red-shaft-
ed Flicker made its nest in an old gate
post near my home from which I re-
moved ten eggs, from one to three ata
time; the bird laying fifteen and eight
being common number, the five left
were hatched. From another nest of
same last year I took twelve eggs, when.
they quit laying. From a nest of
American Goldfinch I took seven eggs.
by leaving nest eggs. California Quail
and Sooty Grouse will lay about doubie
their number by leaving one or two in
the nest. The eggs must be 1emoved :
with a spoon or in some way that the
nest will not be touched with the hand.
ELuis F. HADLEY,
Dayton, Ore.
THE OOLOGIST.
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
fF. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers.
ALBION, N. Y.
FRANK Ee LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB,
. Editors.
Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.
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A Narrow Escape.
One beautiful morningin early April
1891, myself and a friend started on an
odlogical excursion along the pictur-
esque banks of the Tennesee river, for
the purpose of obtaining specimen eggs
of the “Turkey Buzzard,” which birds
we had been previously informed, nest-
ed in the various caves and fissures,
255
which abound in the verdure-clad, pre-
ciptious bluffs, above London, Tenn.
We started at 6 A mM. on April 18th.
Procurizrg a_ skiff we quickly cut
through the water to the opposite bank
of the river, and having tied the boat,
proceeded on foot across country about
two miles, to the bluffs opposite Car-
nuchael’s Island, ‘‘our Eldorado.
Arriving we immediately proceeded
to business, and were encouraged by
seeing several Buzzards majestically
sailing up and down in our immediate
neighborhood. After half an hour’s
diligent searching, just as I was swing-
ing by a scant cedar round an agle tua
projecting rock in front of me, I’ saw a
great female come flapping out of a
narrow fissure not ten feet away, and
after a little difficult climbing, I reach-
ed the site, discovering a fine set of two
eggs on the bare ground about 12 feet
from the entrance
In less than an hour we had seecured
another set equally fine in a small cave
lower down, and had just finished blow-
ing them, when a country lad appeared
on the scene, telling us he knew of a
“bluff” hawk’s nest, near his home,
half a mile further on; and volunteer-
ing to locate it for us. We packed up
and proceeded being well satisfied with
the Buzzards. On arriving, the nest
was pointed out to us in an enormous
pine of nearly five fee in diameter, and
having no limbs for at least ninety feet,
which caused us to set our wits work-
ing; but seeing a beautiful female Red-
tail leave the nest and join her mate far
above, I cried ‘nil desperandum!” an
idea had struck me. I saw that by fall-
ing a fine red oak which stood about 20
feet away, so that its top branches
would catch in the lower ones of the
pine, our object might be accomplished
and the oracle read.
Despatching the boy for an ax we
promptly set to work and in less than
ap hour the noble oak was bending to
wards the pine. A few more blows with
256
the ax, and crack! more than balf the
oak’s top has passed the pine, when it
stops, it has barely caught by a few of
the top-most branches.» From that mo-
ment I regarded the contents of that
nest asmine. Quickly taking off shoes
and other “impedimenta” in spite of
friends entreaties, [am bounding up
that faithful oak like a squirrel; and
peeping into that large shallow mass of
sticks and weeds, I called to my friends
—three beauties!
There was also a freshly killed mole
in the nest. I descended as quickly as
my treasure would allow and _ noticed
my friend drew a sigh of relief as I
landed safely on ‘‘terra firma.”
I had not finished blowing the eggs
when a slight wind carried my oak tree
to the ground with an alarming crash.
I am less venturesome now.
WILLIAM WAKE.
The Sap-Sucker.
By Dr. Morris GIBBS.
There are many species of birds in
America which have been dishonored
with the name of Sap-sucker, and the
name has beeu indiscriminately applied
to all of our smaller woodpeckers. In
Michigan there are nine species of
woodpeckers. Of these, one, the Ameri-
can three-toed Woodpecker, is alone
rare, and only found in our northern
confines. The Artic three-toed bird, is
abundant in sections north of the forty-
fourth parallel. These two little known
representatives of our northern forests,
never migrate to the south, while the
other seven are more or less variable in
this respect. The Downy and Hairy
Woodpeckers are hardy examples of
this interesting family, and are often to
be found in our yards and groves dur-
ing the winter months. We may fre-
quently find the Red-bellied woodpeck-
er in deep beech forests in January and
February, while the Black or Pileated
THE OOLOGIST.
Wood-pecker is not rare in the wilder
sections. The Red-head, and Golden-
wing, or as it is commonly known, the
Flicker, are oceasionally found in mild
winters. However, all of them, except-
ing the first two, are more or less given
to migrating in cold seasons.
The Yellow-belly, or true sap-sucker
of the uorth, sphyrapicus varius is the
only one. to migrate regularly. It ap-
pears from the south in late March
usually, and isa great loiterer on the
way, often remaining in our southern
eounties till May is half over.
It is an excellent judge of the quality
of the sap of the sugar maple—and no
farmer in the country knows better
when to tap tne trees than does this-
strange lover ofsweets. Soon after the
snow disappears, as arule, though often
during a warm spell, and when the
snow is still upon the ground, a pecul-
iarly variegated bird may be seen upon
our maples in the city, village or in the
suburbs. It is dark on its upper parts,
with lighter markings, giving it astrip- -
ed appearance, while its head is orna-
mented with a red patch of a size to in-
cate age and sex, although immatures
are sometimes without the red mark-
ings. Ifthe under parts are seen, the
yellow. from which it get its name, will
be observed, and with very mature
specimens, a large blotch of red is to be
found on the upper part of the throat.
This bird upon its apearance, imme-
diately proceeds to bore little holes.
through the bark of the maples. The
holes are from one-sixteenth to three-
eighths of an inch in diameter, averag-
ing about three-sixteenth in size.
These punctures are rarely more than
one-quarter of an:inch in depth, are
generally illiptical, and this shape is
much more noticable in the borings on
the coniferous trees.
Many claim that these holes are dug
to allow the bird to secure the insects.
But this is a ridiculous notion, as it is
well known that insects do not inhabit
live bark or wood. Furthermore I have
THE OOLOGIST. R57
examined hundredsj,of [these perfora-
tions, and the neighboring areas for in-
sects, and have never discovered a sin-
gle one.
The Yellow-bellied Sap-sucker is very
readily approached at this time, and
one can easily get within a few yards
without alarming the workman. If we
get too near, while the borer is engaged
low down on the trunk, he will scuttle
to the opposite side of the tree,-by a
series of side jumps, still keeping the
same upright position as regards the
body. -Ifforced to leave the tree, an-
other is immedialely visited and work
renewed on a second series of holes.
- There perforation are made at a
height varing from three to sixty feet to
amy knowledge. I have frequently ob-
serve birds boring ata height of forty
to tifty feet. This season I carefully
noted the ways of a bird which had
made a row of seventeen holes on the
south side of a sugar maple a foot or so
in diameter, and which stood within a
yard of the sidewalk in the city. The
holes were bored at a height of four
feet, and the bird, in selecting the south
side of the tree, was constantly exposed
to observation. When a person was
passing, the bird would side-hitch’ to
the north side and return again after
the disturber was gone.
These wounds on the sugar maple, of
course produced a flow of sap, and the
birds regaled themselves on the sweets.
There are several other trees which pro-
duce sweet sap, and among these is the
evergreen, which yields a small amount
-of very sticky, gummy balsamic liquid.
The sap-suckers are yery fond of this
sap, and will spend more time around
a big tree of this species than about the
maples. The largest number of holes
which I have counted in a small space,
Was on a large evergreen where there
were over one hundred in an aera of
three by eight inches. These holes are
generally arranged in rows, and are
often quite symmetrical. In one case
that I examimed there were forty-seven
punctures in a space of two by three
inches. The tree had been attacked
year after year and the bark gave am-
ple evidence of the severe devastation
in many parts.
In attacking the sugar maple, the
birds rarely make two rows near to
each other on the trunk, but this is fre-
quently done on the smaller as well as
the larger limbs. The trunk is some-
times almost completely girdled with
small holes from a quarter to a half
inch apart,
If a bird. or pair them, for they are
generally to be seen in pairs soon after
arriving. are watched it will be seen
that they will return to a tree again and
again to suck the sap which accumu-
lates in the verforations. It takes but
a second or’so for the bird to introduce
the point of its bill and suck all avail
able sap—and then to the next hole.
After al) the perforations have been
probed two or three times, the birds
fly to the next tree. Asarule a pair of
birds have from four to six trees which
they visit in regular order the livelong
day, but sometimes a single tree with
holes at various heights, forms a steady
feeding ground.
At times the Yellow-belly is seen cir-
cling about after the manner of the
other woodpeckers and evidently in
pursuit of insects, but in these search-
ings he is never known to make the
chips fly as do nearly all of his relatives.
In fact some writers claim that it is not
in his nature, owing to a lack in the
make-up of his tongue, to feed on in-
sects as do the other members of the
family.
The Sap sucker digs a hole for its five
to seven crystal white eggs after the
manner of its kind. The birds are rare-
ly found nesting south of the forty-
fourth parallel.
It would be an exceedingly interest-
ing experiment to secure an adult bird
and test its ability to live entirely on
sweet sap.
258
The White-tailed Kite and Prairie Falcon in
California.
WHITE-TAILED KITE,
There is perhaps, no more inspiring
asight to the true ornithologist who
finds himself in the field on a_ bright
spring day, than the dashing flight of
some Hawk or Falcon in pursuit of its
prey, cr the wonderful evolutions. it
performs in mid-air. There isa degree
of mystery attending the delicate pois-
ing of the Hummingbird above the
fiower; there is something beautiful
about the Quail as it leaves its retreat
in the chapparal and is off with a whirr
to a place qf safety, and we all love and
admire the beautiful songs of our small
birds, but where is there an equal to our
sublime family of Raptores?
The White-tailed Kite is associated
with my earliest experience in Ornith-
ologyy. Some seven years ago I fell
prey to the mania of collecting birds
eggs, which was prevalent to a great
degree in my locality. At that time I
was spending a few months on my
uncle’s ranch in Santa Clara county
with an Eastern cousin. It was in
June when the unsurpassable climate
and soil of California had caused a lux-
uriant growth of ‘‘suckers” to form on
the grapevines, and thenceforth life had
no charms for me, as it was agreed by
all that I had talent in the line of pull-
ing the ‘‘suckers’’ off the vines and ac-
cordingly the work fell to my lot.
Next day I was installed in my posi-
tion, and as I worked back and forth
on the rows I had abundant time for
meditation. I speedly began to think
about my vacation, and came to the
conclusion that a half days’ fishing
would be a grand thing. That evening
I laid the plan before my cousin who
consented and the following afternoon
was named as thetime. Without going
into details we did three days work in
one foreneon and were given the after-
noon as a token of appreciation.
THE OOLOGIST.
It was with light hearts that we
Swung our poles over our backs and
started up the dusty road for a certain
spot in the foot-hills. I was as enthus-
iastic an odlogist as ever and though it
was somewhat late I kept an eve out
for nests. Finally we crossed a field of
grain which was thickly studded with
smal) black oaks and while carelessly
passing under a tree I noticed a Cali-
fornia Towhee’s nest. I. immediately
climbed the tree but the nest proved to
be an old one. Before descending, I
paused and gazed into the top of the
oak and the sight I saw was one I had
met only in my most sanguine dreams.
There, not ten feet above me was a
large nest of sticks, and I lost no time
in making the ascent. As I gazed over
the edge of the nest two half-grown
birds brustled their feathers and crowd-
ed to the farther side, while snapping
their beaks. In the center was one rot-
tenegg. Iimmediately announced to
my cousin, “two young chicken-hawks
and a rotten egg.” I argued that any
bird of prey that built a large nest of
sticks in a tree was a ‘‘chicken-hawk,”
and was consequently seldom in doubt
as to identity. We
The nest in question was about a foot
and half in diameter and was made en-
tirely of sticks and twigs from some
dead oak tree. The depression was
very shallow. It was placed in the ex-
treme top of the black oak tree, and
rested on the top of a bunch of limbs,
rather than in the fork of a single
branch. The nest was over twenty
feet from the ground and the tree was
easily climbed. The half-grown birds
showed fight and it was only by the
use of my fishing pele that I succeeded
in getting them to terra jirma. During
the whole proceeding the parent birds.
did not show themselves and as stated I
concluded they were ‘‘chicken hawks”
so we took them to a friends-house two
miles distant and killed them, but Ef
very much regretted doing so after 1
had correctly identified the birds.
THE OOLOGIST. 259
My friend toll me the old birds
haunted his place for several days after,
uttering mournful notes. As I remem-
ber them, the youn» birds were light
plumaged, with a few dark feather on
the back.
I took the egg home and though it
was rotten, blew it endways and after
wards exchanged it to a neighboring
eollector for a Catbird’s egg. This
Kite’s egg was anie heavily marked
and was between a Kestril’s and a Red-
shouldered Hawk’s egg in size.
Almost every season since I found my
first White-tailed Kite’s nest. I have
visited the locality and have always
been able to find one or more birds
hovering over the tree tops. During
the heat of the day they are content to
rest in the shady oaks, only now and
then venturing forth in quest of food,
but as dusk approaches and a cool and
refreshing breeze is fanning the heated
ficlds.sthe Kites can be seen performing
their beautiful evolution, now skim
ming almost out of sight in the distance
and then returning to some _ favorite
perch. Their flight at dusk has given
them the name of ‘‘Nighthawks” by
‘local eallectors. The Kite feeds upon
lizards, and small mammals and rep-
tiles, thus rendering an important ser-
vice to the farmer.
On April 29th of this year I paid this
locality a visit to look for the nests of
the California Jay and Thrasher, but
after a long and fruitless tramp I turned
my steps toward home, and while cross- -
ing a field, similar to the one described,
I noticed a Kite soaring about and soon
its mate came in view. This filed me
with new ambitions, as it was just the
time for them to nest. I watehed them
closely and both alighted in a white
oak tree, but as the tree had but few
leaves, I saw there was no nest. . Then
_ one sailed away again and hovered for
some time over a large live oak,‘ and I
made for the tree. It was some fifty
feet in height and in the crotch of the
loftiest limb I could see a dark object
which I took to be a nest. Full of hope
I was making desperate efforts to reach
the first limb when :I heard footsteps
and a moment later a voice, which I
knew came from one not long from the
old county. Islid down and stood face
to face with the owner of the field, who
seeing me tramping through his grain,
had come to have an explanation. ‘‘Haf
you lost anything”? he excitedly asked,
while I gazed longingly at the black
spot in the top of the tree. Ireplied L
didn’t miss anything, whereupon he in-
formed me I was a trespasser and tri d
to impress upon me the gravity of the
situation. I responded by offering him
a quarter to let me climb, but he could
not be bribed and I was obliged to take
a short cut out of his field.
On May 3rd, [again visited the spot
and by erawling a distauce through the
grain reached the tree and made the
ascent. ‘Sure enough it’ was a White-
tailed Kite’s nest but a last year’s one.
Tt measured twenty inches across and
was very shallow. It was made of
sticks of all sizes up to a lead pencil
and was loosely constructed. It had
evidently been lined with grass, which
had now partially rotted. In the:same
vicinity I observed three puirs of Kites,
but the manner in which they acted, in-
dicated they had not yet built. I found
the tree in which they had roosted
nightly. The body of the tree and all
the limbs were completely covered with
excrement. I regret | could not have
made a trip to this place a week or two
later as probably two sets at least were
deposited ia that neighborhood.
This Kite is not an uncommon breed-
er in this Valley though they seem to.
favor certain localities, and seldom go:
any distance from their breeding
grounds. Twoor three years ago a
friend collector took a set of four hand-
some eggs froma nest in the top of a
white oak in the center of a field.
The White-tailed Kite has pure white
260
head, breast and tail. The back is gray
and the,shoulders black. It’s flight is
graceful and easy, but as Davie states,
not rapid. I watched one this year
which was apparently bound for some
distant point, and its flight appeared
labored. When soaring about the
fields the Kite utters a short sharp
whistle at frequent intervals and this
will often attract one’s attention,
though the bird may be obscured by the
foliage of the trees.
PRAIRIE FALCON,
This beautiful Faleon also inhabits
‘California, breeding in wild and moun-
tainous localities. It is perhaps the
most daring of any of its family, and
does not hesitate to attack animals
of greater weight than itself. It preys
largely upon quail and other birds that
occur in its locality, and seldom if ever,
feeds on a dead body, but prefers to
pursue, overpower and kill its prey.
The Prairie Falcon is handsomely
plumaged at certain seasons of the
- year. The back is brownish-black and
the head perceptibly darker, while the
breast varies from a buff or creamy-
white to pure white. The female is
larger than the male, measuring some
20 inches in length. This Falcon is ex-
tremely shy and to approach within
gunshot of one is a difficulty feat.
This bird usually inhabits the wild
mountainous regions of this state and
are not by any means common breed-
ers. Mr. Samuel C. Evans in a conver-
sation with a friend, recently, spoke of
collecting sets of the Prairie Falcon at
a point in the mountains not ten miles
from San Jose, but though a number of
collectors as well as myself have visited
the locality in quest of Golden Eagles’
eggs we have never me’ the bird. Mr.
Evans did active work in collecting
egos of the Raptores several years ago |
in Santa Clara county, but Lam of the
opinion that this Faleon, as well as
other rare species have forsaken the
THE OOLOGIST.
ocalities mentioned owing to the ap-
proach of civilization.
The eggs of the Prairie Falcon ex-
hibit the beautiful markings character =
istic of the family of Falcons. I have
before me a set of three eggs from the
collection of Mr. A. Halsey of this city.
They were collected for him by a friend
in the mountains near Colton, San Ber-
nardino Co., Cal. The nest*° was con-
structed of sticks and placed on the
summit of an almost inaccessible cliff,
and was reached only after a perilous
climb. The eggs exhibit the following
dimensions: 2.06x1.56, 2.13x1.50 and
2.12x1.50. The ground color is a
creamy-white, and two of the eggs are
heavily blotched and clouded with
burnt umber and various shades of
brown so as to almost obseure the back-
ground, while the third egg is lightly
marked with small dots and specks of
brown. They form a handsome set.
The party by whom the set was: col-
lected, visited the nest the following
season and was rewarded with a set of
two eggs of the American Raven, which
resembles closely eggs of the American
Crow in color, but are of course much
larger. C. BARLOw,
San Jose, Calif.
><> >_<
Nesting of the Brown Creeper.
May 30, 1891, I visited some islands
in the Mississippiriver a couple of miles ~
below Davenport. Iowa. On one of
these were a number of dead willow
stubs. While sitting inthe boat wait-
ing for a friend, [ saw a pair of Brown
Creepers alight on a large stub about
20 feet above the ground and disappear
under a large strip of loose bark. On
climbing the tree I found between the
bark and the tree trunk a nest compos-
ed of wool and other soft substances
and containing 8 young birds a day or
so old. ‘This is the first instance ever
reported, asfarasfam able to ascer-
tain, of these birds nesting in Jowa or
Illinois. Burris H. WILSON,
2023 Rock Island St., Davenport Ia.
THE OOLOGIST. 261
July Contest.
Prize winners and credits received
by each were as follows: ;
1. A Study in Orange and Black, 258
2. Birds as Pets. 200.
3. The Chimney Swift, 150.
4. Life of Alex. Wilson, 85.
5. American Magpie, 82.
The article Among the Least Bitterns
was awarded one year’s stibscription.
The following were the winners of
the Judges’ prizes and the order in
which they named the winning articles’
in their decision. No one named them
in their correct order. There were 57
Judges. ¢
1. No. 3. N.G. Vac_DeWater, Gret-
Map NeeYees ol eo. 0, 4:
2. No.1. Ed. Doolittle, Painesville,
Oat sec4,. 0;
Seo ue bt kh, Kirke?’ Jr. Rising
Sun, Mids 1 3.2, 6, 4:
4. No. 20. Millard Van: Wagener,
eGrema iN. V1 3,2,.5. 4.
5. No. 18. J. R. Nowell, Predmont,
Sater lane, 4525.
The following parties were awarded
a World’s Fair almanae, on account of
naming the prize articles:
’ ©. B. Johnoon, Minn.
Cyrus Crosby, N. Y.
Deah Sweet, Me.
I. H. Stratton, Ill.
Edmund Heller, Calif.
W. Crane, Ia. 4
Ray Daniels, Calif.
. Hubert Fuller, Conn.
J. S. Griffing, N. Y.
The Fair.
In a trip to the Fair, one should en-
deavor to get a general insight of the
exhibit as a whole, but also devote most
of the time toanys ecial, preferred de-
partment. The fisherman spends most
of his iime at the fisheries building
where are found all kinds of appliances
for the eapture of the finey prey, from
a minute fish hook, to a seine fifteen
hundred feet long: |
‘mainly presented in
There are also to be seen hundreds of
species of fishes, either stuffed, in
spirits or represented by life-like casts
in plaster-of-paris or gelatine. A vast
aggregation of live fishes are also ex-
hibited, both salt and fresh-water spe-
cies in the large glass aquaria. With
the fishes are also shown groups of
stuffed fish-eating birds, which are
mainly composed of cormorants, ducks
and herons. Many kinds are to be met
with, from the smallest terns to the
mighty albatross.
At the government building is to be
found a fine exhibit of specimens from
the Smithsonian Institute. This eollec-
tion, though only a fraction of the Na-
tional exhibit at Washington, is alto-
gether the largest and finest, as well as
best labeled display of birds, mammals,
etc., to be seen at the Columbian Ex-
position. Not only are nearly all of the
birds of North America to be seen,
systomatic rela-
tions, class, order and family, but many
foreign species are shown. The Emu
and Apteryx from southern parts, as
well as rare oriental and boreal birds |
are mounted and displayed with the
same fidelity that is observed with the
home birds. It would be next to im-
possible to give even a hasty sketch of
the cases of treasures shown, and the
advice is offered here, to those whe are
so fortunate as to visit the Fair, that
attention should be given to this ex-
hibit, for it may be honestly said that
the show is a very fair representation
of the Smitheonian Institution.
Birds are not to be found everywhere,
and there are very few buildings which
are not ornamented with the work of
taxidermists. Nearly all of the State
building are more or less supplied with
specimens and several show nicely ap- -
pointed collections. There is, however,
a noticable feature of incongruity In a
few of these exhibits, where, in a desire
to make a good showing, the state
authorities, have allowed specimens to
262
be shown which are not taken within
the state boundries. These instances
are certainly unpleasant to the feel-
ings of all naturalists who understand
the distribution of our birds and mam-
mals, and certainly do not reflect credit
on the persons in charge.
Many of the foreign exhibits are of
interest, but it is readily seen, that with
few exceptious, the work of foreign
taxidermists does not equal that of our
home workmen.
There is danger that visitors will miss
‘some important exhibit. In fact one
might prolong his stay for months and
then after leaving discover that some
interesting exhioit had been overlook-
ed. This condition is unavoidable, and
to prevent any readers from omitting
one building, which to me, is all im-
portant, attention is called to an often
neglected quarter of tne grounds. In
the south-eastern part of the grounds
and ina section of the park too fre-
quently neglected, is the Authropologi-
cal building. Itis next to the Forest-
ing department, and if one will turn to
his map of the Fair, he will see that this
building is by no means a small one.
A visit will convince an observer that it
is one of the most interesting spots on
the ground.
Ward’s exhibit of fossils, mammals,
birds and reptiles from Rochester is
found here. In it may be seen the cele-
brated Hairy Elephant in the restored
form, with tusks ten to fifteen feet long.
A Mastodan’s skeleton is articulated
and rises massively above all creatures
of the present day.
_ Next to this display is Larrin & Co’s.
exhibit of eggs, birds, shells, ete. One
is liable to meet some of the collectors
there, while the pleasure of looking
over the well-arranged, properly label-
ed series of eggs is sure to pay a visitor
for the time spent. Visitors to Chicago
are also invited to call at the store, No.
3571 Cottage Grove Ave.
I have already occupied my allow-
ance of space and must subside for the
present. SPECIAL.
THE OOLOGIST. ' i
Notice.
All persons wishing to exhibit speci-
mens or mounted work relating to Nat-
ural History, at the next annual meet-
ing of the Western New York Natural-
ists Association should communicate
with some one of the exhibition com-
mittee as given below and oblige.
Aug. 21, 1893.
‘Ernest H. Sort, Chili, N. ¥._
EK. J. Botsrorp, Medina, N. Y.
L. V. Casz, Naples, N. Y.
“BIRDS of MICHIGAN”
A list of three hundred and _ thir-
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages.
JUST ISSUED!
Profuse notes. Bibliography complete.
It is in facta work on the Birds of the Great
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol-
ogist in Ameria.
Price, Postpaid, 75 cents.
_Address
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. ¥,
ONLY DIRECTORY on zor:
Guaranteeing dO ood. kor
only 10 cents (regular price
Scents.) your name, if re-
ceived within next 30
days, WUl be BOLDLY
=] printed on gummed
! paper, and from Pub-
lishers, Manufactur-
]ers and others, you
till will receive hundreds
|| probably thousands,
Aof valuable Books,
> suimples, Papers, Maga-
ies, etc. AH free and
each pareel with one of
FERN your boldly printed ad-
diesses pasted thereon. EBRXWRAY! We will also
print and prepay posiage on 4600 of your gummed
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on your €nvelopes, books, ete., to
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6. -
1891. DraAR Srrs—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory [
have received over $8,000 parcels of mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manutfac-
1 -cors, ete. are arriving dailv.on valuable parcels of
Cail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE.
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ...
Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa.
BIRDS EGGS:
CBee we
a fi HI
a
2+ STAMP FOR \
[llustrated Cafalog. . \
= *
THE OOLOGIST. 26:
- That we have in our Exhibit
y ee
OO SS At World’s Columbian Exposition.
The following is a partial list of books that we have in our exhibit
at Chicago. These are all for sale and parties desiring same will
please send us their orders as per address below. All are sent pre-
paid.
—~
ORNITHOLOGY AND OOLOGY.
WomesmWwewiioe North American BIMGdsiae se. aceite eas soy sre ain o ofe Gs caren e BEN ie eats $7 50
ATAU COC AME MR SMB Lea HAUT EA Neagee SVE tee ate) ecraiit om As prin asrsh sate a avant ay vee oy eeciave ote ca argetend ae eaeays 7 50
Ferns LETTEGISU IT” LEGATO iii ie ce ee rl a ee Aon tue Uh ea eRe 8, as ei Bet CRESRNE Tee 6 00
ereaeveseN aural ristory. we VOlwCAChorcan.c ra. ket yl eneate ss amecrss 6 00 -
Peseustonies of birds, Gentry. 2 vOly *eachis. i105. 401 ces sage wee ielate, gia oheie\ es 2 00
Wiremiccdcwinrtuaein Laumtsy Wameille ge so 6i yc). diet ee wuls Weraeee ie cise inte + Sosa 2 50
Liawm@l gaia] Crean Bb oed so oy aNd escdlY biticVo\ipree nies iniomee RIRIPa Gala Sia Myce sn MiSicioic ss 3 00
NiiitalpsrOrnitholonys 02) vole Chamiberlainy ach. kerr. cts sacra cies ces © 4 00
Dmiewesumo- in Northern: Canada Raines vo. tas' 0.22) os ee tee ved teases e200)
MeceIMOwe oes OR ING Ay BIndS. Davie sic oot Moline ce cnteea te ae ceil le syste sre 1 75
Ear mU pe N eA iNC Sys VAI: Cia care ciples: o, 1-2) skye isan ies ays ieee se UV a ese 1 25
IN MENNC AUN CAO leR © Ol ONG rare. cere ces esis etic. nee sacl aloe Rete PAN sucess aI ciel narskctarsie anya 4 00
TDM ice CLAN RTE ME ea A Re rc SAS es Ee ey bie Fess: PR ECAR 50
Harn: wlay? SIREN NO inca os Punic SABC a Rob ecg Wrote tt nBatreo qe tas “co 4 & 2 50
s Two Years in a June siti SU RE Ue se Peeper Sta asya os vei usiac Av atrcreuaiege 3 00
Auk, bound in full leather. Vol. SHU Mer OLN aR arr tan oiiain gic Rain arene te Seeman ere Sc 4 00
Ornithologist and Odlogi ist, full Tekthen: Vol. 14 and 15 together....... etry O10)
“s Tee Oren eget Sanne IS aA th 3 00
Odlogist THODIP 1 SST) rea eSNG cece ile st a ees Pate ea es cal AEN UN a a i
from beginning 1884 to 1892 inclusive, full leather................. 4 50
NATURAL HISTORY IN GENERAL
JN HOE TET Gea. LISA S RSs UG OX OX EN iN i ee eae ae Ree Sate
Maypycalls; @ik ZkautTnne (a Dpii(etes B IOICG Vey Bees lerm onan Aimy eerste ea lA aly ia ater Oe EICouanem oats 1%
PERRO MU vam VAN EL Th Usceetc sun ramet ets asedanah aes c. 2 ca/sahs bare ary ees euenen Os > es mntet eee 53 50
VERANO US ere ONG Sarena crmere perineal nb) ReMae ath alra MaUbe se ooh operas 2 00 -
HTM MAU GSEN LC Lis OLIN. i GrTeD Vic” eerie co. dhs, Gra a etapa. Oakes palates i pleroradateraia stans tess 1 75
LELONNE TO: SON AN UNGN TEIN HOMES yd BED) RNAi reemniasiin ole oleae Sino ebies e ie alee 1 50
PAM HUN UE Er OM are OMNES! ways meni ecee > os 2 crs Oe ONS a alee, haan gaine a cath lao aati 2 00
A Manual of Mollusca, Woodward..... SERIES kot. by ects eRe aes Se AN eines fe al 3 00°
Manual of the Vertebrates, Jordan.........:.. ES iG SIS Se RCE Sat ARERR NAS. 12 50
MUGUCuUCdeaiCyovehematic:-Conchology.,’ (ryOnees sis as 20. goes es clee eos 6 00
Pe EMO rvmbeutoa Vk Ol Me tmrpicyst.arsch oases. bool Gime eis ceri ags cera One wns eie antes 1 50
PVR imalriAWVer Ces CASiSievnans can aes inns en eee eecriar IE B e 1 50
ives Universe w oo) Oo eee Dba ch Moby cece ee IR RT POR Rea teste Caclc cea eacanIn ata cuate 3 00
Micmmmstemuecroimune, master Ly oSiat.naecn ode Gee Oe) eens canna lle ta ee. 3 00
ee AMIN LANeTOn ties S Cas NOTCs te... & sae eee os Sey ete ee wali gua ele 1 25
AMLOMIBATOUMC Vy (Gandem...c4 6256. auc ds eoee ee Rveda IRAE ar Binks Ghee Ss 1 50
North American Geology and Pelsoutology..... 2.045.002... 20 y.1- cesses 5 00
Behren’s Guide to the Microscope in Botany DE eerd ee SONA Ene Nis BE TEN Mee Aa Hee 5 00
We also have some cheaper and popular works and a number of.
rare and valuable books, long since out of print and of which copies -
cannot with certainty be secured.
Send orders to
Eo Ti LATIN & COn
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, III.
264 i ie
$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES
Will be Presented during 1898 to
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of
' THE. OOLOGIST.
Each month during 1898 we shall
give five prizes. These prizes are to
be awarded to the five best articles ap-
pearing in each month’s O6LoGIST.
The prizes throughout the year will
remain the same, except the first one
which will be the winne1’s choice from
the unawarded articles and publications
named in the following list:
Coues’ ‘‘Key to North: American
TBSU COIS RAA ab ae asia ican cere al nN, $7 50
Ridgway’s ‘Manual of “North
' American Birds”....... eso oO)
Chamberlain’s: “Nuttal’ s ‘Ornithol-
OSV VOSA eee iane Wee 8 00
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas”. ; 7 50
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)Amer-
‘ican Ornithology” .....:. aio eee ce)
Maynard’s*‘Birds of Kastern North
PAUMenicay, (text complete). 15 00
Washington ‘Irvi ing’s Wor ksj 10%
FAMOUS green Mek Oe tre et ak naa 3s 7 50
Wm. M: Thackeray's Works, ve
Mil Sine pesca iee seuanen casera 10 00
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15° vols... 11 25
Jenk’s’ “CompréhensiveCommen- he
tary of the Holy Bible.” 5
large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00
Sir Walter Scott’s ‘Works, 12 vols 12 00
$10 worth of Phonographic Books
-eualtel Jeb olmeznlouiss oo 5 8545555 ‘10 00
An 8:qt. Jack ‘Frost Ice Cream
RIT OCHO Tt Mle ee iNRee eet '6 50
A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat-
Ua Oe Gat eNSemeraen nye ener ah eats 31. 50
A Due- Bill ‘good for$33.00towards. °
a new$45. SOAIMeoAnUHIOn
(same as New Home) Sew-
‘ine Machine..... Pee UD, “380 00
A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards
Bh new $20 double case Odell
Diya OLENA Sea aan emi 22 200
2nd ‘Prize each month will be a part
of | ‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern’ North
America, ” each containing ' an average
of 8 plates - and 340 pages strongly
bound in strong manilla and cloth and
. worth at publisher "Ss original price not
far from $7.50.
3d Prize—Langille’ Ss
Their Haunts”, $3. 00...
Vo saboley Jee ize—Brewer’ s “North American
“Our Birds in
Oélogy” unbound, no. plates, original |
price about $3.00.
5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- -
ean birds” originally sold at $2.00.
‘prizes and in this month’s
‘give a part of Maynard’s
THE OOLOGIST.
Each article recéiving at least as
many credits as there are number of.
Judges and not winning one of the
leading prizes will be awarded the
OoLoeistT for 1893 bound ir cloth and
gilt.
Each article receiving at least one-
- half as many eredits as ‘the number of
Judges and not winning any other
prize will be awarded a year’s subscrip-
tion to the O6LOGIST.. ;
All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or
express prepaid, eacept the first, which
is Shipped at winne?’s expense.
~—@®> ss
‘You are a Judge.
You have been selected to act as one
of the Judges in this month’s Prize
article contest, and your decision must
be promptly and fairly given.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the first of next month.
Write on back of a postal ecard the five
articles which you have decided to be-
the ‘most valwable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and
mail to us. Number the articles in the
order. which you think the prizes -
should be awarded.
We give our Judges five special
prizes, one to each of the five whose
decisions are 1iearest the final award of
competition
whose list of five articles is
we will
“Birds of
Eastern North America’’, each fo these
parts contain an average, of 2 plates
and 264 pages, strongly ‘bound in he: uvy
manilla covers and at publisher’s' origi-
inal price are worth af least $5.00. i
2d A handsomely bound book ‘Small
Talk about Business.”
3d A Combination | icroscope.
4th An Agate Watch Charm.
5th A ‘Poeket Knife.
To each Judge naming the five prize-
the Judge
the nearest the awarded list,
winning articl S in theirexact orderand
not winning, one of the five special
prizes we will give ao py ofthe ‘“‘Stand-
ard Catalogue ‘of North America Birds
Eggs.”
‘IN each Judge naming the prize-
winning articles: but not in their exact
order and not winniug one of the five
special prizes we will give a copy of
that elegant new Columbus or World’s
Fair Almanac, (value 26 cts.).
All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail
prepaid.
Address your decision to-
F. H. Larrin & Co.,
Albion, N. ae,
YA RIRIRIRIRIRY
Q
— oS
A
VOR xX:
Monthly. i 50c. per Year. Yas
ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1893.
ansnangeseg “ \ soeanasanona ts”:
» PdkOGIsM, <
\
NO. 10
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 50ce.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and “‘Exchanges” only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
I HAVEfor exchange common eastern eggs
and also a few desirable Indian relics for west-
ern eggs, revolver or gun, WALTER SWAIN,
Bloomingdale, Ind.
WANTED.—War relics, such as old pistols
and swords, also want dirks, knives, spears or
anything that ‘will do in a collection of this
kind. Have to exchange a 38 cal. collecting
gun, collection of coins, 100 copies of 1892 Amer-
ican Field, Bird skins, Books on Medicine, also
a few other books, 2. nickel plated reels. W.
R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa.
FOR SALE.—Fine Bb cornet, silver plated,
engraved, bell gold lined, cost $52, Cash $16.
Willalso exchange for eggs in sets. PERRY
D. GETTY, 301 N. Main St., Bloomington, Ill.
TO EXCHANGE.—For eggsin sets or stamps
notin my collection. Mounted tarantulas .50
to .75; Trapdoor spiders .25, nests .25 to .50; Tar-
antula hawk .25. 20 percent. off above prices
for cash. C. E. HUTCHINSON, Los Angeles,
Calif.
OOLOGICAL instruments, Indian and -war
relics, books, minerals, for used stamps in
quantities, minerals, confederate money and
stamps, theological, medical, ornithological,
mineralogical, geological, zoological or general
reference books. REV. A. D. AKIN, East
Point, Ga.
STUDER’S Birds of North America, contain-
ing 119 colored plates illustrating all birds true
to nature. % Morocco binding, cost $40., will
sell for $20., @s good as new, arare chance. Ad-
dress, J. B. STUBER, 255 W. 21 St., New York.
EXOTIC Butterflies and Moths, in brilliant
colors and of rare beauty, for sale or exchange
for rare sets of birds eggs and birds skins.
Send 5 cent stamp for catalogue. No postals.
PROR. CARL BRAUN, Naturalist, Bangor,
e
I WILL pay % cents per 100 for clean cigar-
ette pictures, and 35 cents per 190 for clean
smoking tobacco pictures, and wlll pay postage
C O. TROWBRIDGE, Box 311, Farmingham,
ass.
TO EXCHANGE.- Birds Eggs in sets, for
others. Send list and receive mine. T. C.
BRONAUGH, Baileyville, Kansas,
SEND FOR EXCHANGE LIST of Eggs,
Natural History Books, and Magazines, also 14
fine approval sheets at 50 per cent. discount to
exchange. GEO. N. UPHAM, Coffeyville, Kas.
A choice set of 3 eggs, with full data of each.
Roseate, Common and Arctic Tern, 9 eggs in all
icv 55 cents postpaid. Send postal note if pos-
sible. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass.
a
EXCHANGE.—5 Columbian Half dollars for
Colden Eagles’ egg. New press, type, paper
eutter worth $100, 744x134 for rare sets or cash.
bh. E. MOFFATT, Winsted, Conn.
LOOK! STOP! Any one sending me one.
8c. stamp unused and 25 Columbian stamps:
used, any kind, will receive in return 4 rare
Chinese coins. Address, C. M. HATFIELD,
Oakland, Calif.
RS SL | ee eee AS PES
FOR SALE.—A good “Stevens New Model
Pocket Rifle. 15 in. barrel, using 22 caliber shot
cartridges, just the thing for small birds. Price
$7. F.H. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage Grove
Ave., Chicago, Ills.
MY entire mineral collection to Ex. for first-
class skins. Also elegant 5x7 photographs of
Ospreys and Night Herons Nests for skins.
Send lists. H.S. HATHAWAY, 919 Elmwood
Ave., Providence, R. I.
——————E— eee
EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have sets of Ari-
zona, California and other eggs to exchange
for Postage stamps. Glad to hear from any
one having collections of same to exchange.
HAROLD H. DODGE, 307% West 2nd St., Los
Angeles, Cal.
FOR SALE.—Cecropia, Telea and Promethea
Coccoons at 5c. a piece in small orders. Big
discount on large orders of Cecropias. The
above for exchange at 8c. a piece for Birds Eggs
in sets with datas, strap climbers or Davie’s
Key. Coccoons warranted. LEROY KING.
No. 304 Forest W. Detroit, Mich.
266 CHE OOLOGIST.
RUBY GARNETS from Mexico. Five very
fine selected Specimens for only twenty-five
cents postpaid, also, several copies of S. A.
Miller’s Paleontology of the Paleozoic Period,
New, $5. J. M. WIERS, 357 West Van Buren
St., Chicago, Ill.
TO EXCHANGE.—A sketching camera for
best offer in eggs, books, oologist’s instruments
ete. Write at once. JACOB BOSTIAN, JR,
Statesville, N. C. :
FOR SALE, half price for limited time.—
Large quantity of eggs and skins. Subscrip-
tions for allnewspapers and periodicals below .
publishers rates.
$50 gold in prizes.
DRY, Eustis, Fla,
Agents wanted everywhere.
A JOINTED Nickel Plated Fishing Reel, line
and hook and 32 ealiber center-fire double-ac-
tion revolver, valued at $10 for 10 or 16 shot 32
or 38 Winchester rifie in good shape or best
offer of single eggs. J. R. AMACK, Ballston
Spa, N. Y., Box 532.
MELODEON in rose-wood piano case, good
tune, needs no repairs, cost new $135. Will ex-
change for rare sets to value of $40 catalogue
prices. Autograph letters of noted men for
eggs. C. E. MOFFATT, Winsted, Conn.
A MEYER FLUTH, silver keys,cost $24, with
case and U.S. Stamps to exchange for Kodak,
Violin, or Gun or forcash, R.C. ALEXAN-
DER, Plymouth, Mich.
I DESIRE to exchange my collection of eggs,
for postage stamps. Wish to exchange all my
sets and singles in bulk, for a stamp collection.
JOHN B.SEYMOUR, Clinton, Oneida Co., N.
Ws
FOR EVERY §.50 worth of birds’ eggs or U.
S. Stamps I will give a well worn Confederate
bill. HENRY LAFLER, Box 333, Albion,N.Y.
A CHOICE set of 3 eggs, of each Roseate,
Common and Arctic Tern with original data,
for $ .55 postpaid. If you have them in your
collection, why not buy a lot to exchange? Only
thirty lots in hand. JAMES P. BABBITT,
Taunton, Mass.
FOR SALE.—Winchester Repeating Shot
ou 6 shot,-12 guage. Price $15. Worth $25.
. OLDFIELD, Port Sanilac, Mich.
POLISHED MARBLE. Clockcase $4.25,
photo frame $2, monuments for mantel orna-
ments 12 var ieties marble in each, on base $1.75
or $3 per pair, shelf and bracket invisible hold-
er $1.25, paperweights 30c., etc., prepaid, or half
exchange in eggs, books on ornithology, guns,
instruments, ete. WILLIAM W. WAKE,
Knoxville, Tenn.
EHXCHANGE.—Cigarette cards, specimens of
wood, back numbers of Youth’s Companion,
and single eggs, to exchange for eggs in sets.
P. C. WOOD, Fayette, Lowa.
A COLLECTION of twenty fine minerals for
a collection of Foreign and United States
stamps. JOHN W. NEVBEIL, 2317 Sepviva St.,
Phila., Pa.
EXCHANGE NOTICE. I have some books
and papers to exchange for eggs; send stamp
for list and terms. Make me an offer for Coues
Key. My correspondents will please take no-
tice of the change in my address. THOS. A.
SMITHWICK, Merry Hills, Bertie Co., North
Carolina.
Address at once, H. E.PEN- ;
AN EGG Collecting outfit, Consisting of two
drills, blowpipe, three sizes embryo hooks, rub-
ber syringe, pair embryo scissors and rule to
exchange for stamps. SIDNEY ECKLEY,
239 Green St., Dayton, Ohio’
A BARGAIN, Collecting tube 38 cal. for 12
ga. gun, 100 brass shells, loader, wad-cutter, de-
capper and 200 primers. As good as new .Will
sell cheap. E. B. SCHRAGH, Pontiac, Minn.
SCOTT’S latest postage stamp catalogue, or
any standard catalogue. Will give $1 worth of
2nd class or 60c. worth Ist class ¢ eggs for it. Also
eggs for stamps. MAURICE FULTON, Uni-
versity, Miss.
TO EXCHANGE.—First and second class
singles, vols., OOLOGIST’” drills, Sharpe’s 44
rifle, for books, eggs, revolver, cash. F. B.
WILLIAMS, 313 E. Second, Ottawa, Kansas.
JOB PRINTING.—Plain or ornamentat, for
Collectors and others. Good work, lowest
prices. Havea variety of bird cuts in stock.
Address, THE MODEL PRINTING OFFICE,
Leighton, Ala.
THOROUGHBRED Rose Comb, Browns and
Claibornes for Barred Plymouth and young
Claiborne eccck. Also sets and singles for same
Correspondence solicited. J. S. GRIF FING,
Cutchogue, Long Island, N. Y.
DESIRABLE eggs to exchange for same.
Eggs to exchange always on hand. Send lists
and receive mine. Correspondence solicited.
CHARLES H. PRINCH, Danielsonville, Conn.
WANTED.—Spearhead Tobacco Tags in lots
of 100rmore. Will give loz. garnet sand, or
25 Perriwinkles from Lake Hrie for every 10
sent. A. R, OGDEN, Brocton, Mass.
WANTED.—A double barrel breach loading
shot gun, either 10 or 12 gauge in good condition
Will exchange Sea shells and Taxidermists in-
struments, marine curious, ete. C. F. CARR,
New London, Wis.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
H. HH. & C- S. Brimley,
Collectors,
Raleigh, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists.
\ SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
\ Birds’ Eggs, and Skins, Fossils,
\'\ Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy,
Hip Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New
~ London, Wis.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor-
rectly named, at moderate price. HHRMANN
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger-
many.
THE OOLOGIST.
BIRD SKINS.
We have during the past season collected together a large lot of skins of birds
at as cheap rates as possible in order to give the | many subscribers to the O6LO-
Gist a chance to add to their collection at really wholesale rates. Nearly all the
skins we offer are first class with data slips attached and where we felt aspecimen
was not quite up to grade we have reduced the price so as to guarantee every one
who orders shall receive one hundred cents for the dollar invested. The prices
are net and we would strongly advise ordering a sufficient number so they may be
sent by express. Estimated amount of postage must be included in all cases, or
we will deduct same when filling order,
At our Chicago headquarters we have no room for Bird Skins hence they will
all be closed out at once and prices will only hold good while stock lasts. Name
substitutes if possible. Of many species we can furnish pairs. Make up your
orders by return mail and we know you will be satisfied with the investment.
vo
Pier)
ad
3 IETOGN GE GAG TCD Cees es ee ee $ 65 341 White-tailed Hawk-. 2 2... sists arena ales fa 20)
139 GreenawilnedoMe alles eects Sewn O) 417 Whip-poor- EAN gs kathy ce uate alienate 50
140 BIMeawIN ed ene alee eee eal es 60 419 TP FEKG NINE) ooo 1 50
142 SOME Ul Tels sentence ete et pres 95 420 INH MB MA a Been 12t25)
143 TENTIAL HEY (iets k Wie a eae RT th eee meee 95 421 Texan Nighthawk se 25)
144 Wood Duck ........... OR ACT Caen ee 1 00 23 Chimney Swift - Ske aaa 2)
146 HRC Ce alpen epic Sek: Pee cae eat 1 00 [442] Fork-tailed Flvcatcher..... 1 00
147 Canwasiacl ye. soos ee a ra 1 00 443 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher... .._..... 35
150 RUINS -Ne Clea Ducky. SE 1 00 444 IXIn SiR eg er eter ee ree eee 20
151 American Golden-eye............. .. 95 447 . Arkansas Kin@bird _.....2.....2.......... 25
152 Barrow’s Goldea-eye........ 2... 6... 95 452 Crestedshly catchers ne 15
154 OIGES Caan cece te emer esr 1 00 [455] BawLence sry cater seen 1 00
155 lee valves (vMey IDO pee es ee 1 00 456 FR OR Ce aS SISTA iy gle ea 15
165 White-winged Scoter.................. 1 00 461 WWYOOG) IREWOE ee 15
182 American Flamingo .:..2.... 2... 10 00 A65P eA Cad ame ly Catch Ciyessmesees = eine a 15
190) American Bittern : 466 little Mly.cateCherns se 60
191 Least Bittern. _..._..... ; : 466a MrailVSeHly Catcher we ae sey eee 15
194 Great Blue Heron... : 467 WASENSTD IDI NV CRN OVEN so ee 165
201 Greens eronnme: vy 471 Vermillion Flycatcher 2222 50
202 Black-crowned Night Heron.. 60 4740 PraiGieseOnne da lkan ks es eens 25
Q14 NO laeeeeerte aes ees yes SMA RROD ATT Blue Jay. eae acai a ManeneeuiteeL
219 Florida Gallinule _....... eee eT TOO) 478 Blue-fronted ‘Jay . } 30
221 AUNCTICAN COOL sta se oe eO0, 451 California ayn 22. BOE
925 American Avocet 60 483, Green Jay y 50
226 Black-necked Stilt prey rent (al) 448 American Crow..........2..- 35
230 WAISOMZSIS Dp Csi nae et =e eae 50 494 IBOWOH Ieuan eee USSR Be Rela OL Ey
241 ipeubcolsy Seah oor oe 40 495 Cowbird - Leen eee owl (
254. Greatereviellow-legsineess eras 75 497 Yellow-headed Blackbird... 20
955 RYCLIO WRC SiG y ele: asa SE ae 5) 498 Red-winged Blackbird............ _..... 15
258 SUVA C Crete setieais oor: cessed Sylhet Cs 1 00 5OL WSR NG KOMEN AS Aes. ee ee 25
263 Spotted Sandpiper... ........._-: 3 Saae 20 501b Western Meadowlark........ ...... 35
ZT RGU UNCLES) ieee see St ater ie a eee a 30) [502] AD) KONDO) Een Pree eee ee Oe ee 15
294 CalitorpiajPartridze: ==) es 60 503 Audubon’s Oriole _ 1)
300 VUTEC ORG TONLS Cease een ea eeu ee 15 505 Hooded Oriole... 35
313 . Red-billed Pigeon 1 90 506 OrchandeOniolem emesis seein 20
316 Mourning Dove - ee aa ee epee wren) 507 IB ALGIMONE ORIOL eee oe ()
319 White-winged Dove. 90) 508 BUOCKSTORIOLC eens ene 25
320a Mexican Ground Dove 509 RUSTE BlaClio ln sree ene 20)
331 IY RH ASS OV BE Wye ele ease ee ten 511 Purple Grackle..... AMET hee eee i030)
333 Cooper’s Hawk . 5 512 Great-tailediGrackie: eee oe 30
335 Harris’s Hawk : 514 Bvening Grosheals <2. 2 22282 50
337 Red-tailed llawk 515 Pine Gr OSHS Sal wry re et 5 35
339 Red-shoulé: red Hawk 517 TPA ONS TMC, 2 setbiaca poate els
+ 268 THE OOLOGIST.
519 House Finch ............. eee 20 647 Tennessee Warbler 50
521 American Crossbill Bede 20) 648 - Parulay War Dlersees se) eee eee 15
522 White-winged Crossbill 30 650 Cape May Warbler oY)
528 FREQ POL eee ee ie ieee eae 15 652 CLIO WAVVialG Ole Teese ree 15
529 American Goldfinch ._.................... 15 654 Black-throated Blue Warbler......... 15
530 Arkansas Goldfinch _................. as 15 655 MiynGleewWianb: cians ee eee 15
533 Pine Sis Kili sys eee eae ae 15 657 Magnolia Warbler . 15
536 Lapland Longspur ___........2..2...0.2..... 15 6E8 Cerulean Waroler a2 ical)
538 Chestnut-collared Longspur.......... 20 659 Chestnut-sided Warbier 15
542a Savanna Sparrow...................-.2..... 15 660 Bay-breasted Warbler.................. 5) 7 BO)
546 Yellow-winged SRaOw 15 ~—- 661 Black-poll Warbler .......... ... ........ 15
549 Sharp-tailed Sparrow... UE ENE ALS 662 Blackburnian Warbler. dlls DN an 20)
552 Lark Sparrow __..._.. Pale Ah ee. 663 Yellow-throated Warbler. . 30
(54 White-crowned Sparr Ow. 15 667 Black-throated Green Warbler... 15
{556 Gambel’s Sparrow ........ ..........2...... 15 671 Pine \Wiarble peveen cee een 15
558 White-throated Sparrow 20 672a Yellow Palm Warbler............. ..... 15
‘09 Meer WalMmO Wiener ce een 15 613 Rralrdie Wal DLC 1s eese ee eee ences 20
‘560 Chipping Sparrow. ................ 0.2... 15 674 Oven= birds Sea ee 15
163 Mela SpannrO wees een ee 15 617 Kentuelsy a Waoleriee esate 50
‘513 Black-throated Sparrow ......... ....... 20 678 Connecticut Warbler....................... 50
‘581 Song, Sparrowee kee 15 679 Mourning Warbler_......................... 30
' 584" Swamp Sparrow. ... 15 «6S Maryland Yellow-throat ...... _... 15
585 Fox Sparrow ............ elo 683 Yellow-breasted Chat....... ............ 20
586 Texas Sparrow......... 30 684 TOO EGRWialGD Le Teese eens 30
! 587 Towhee .............- 16 685 Wilson’s Warbler.... 25
593 Cardinale 15 686 @anadlanGwarbl ere een 20
594 Texan Cardinal Oe. GSK American Redstart 15
- 595 Eose-breasted Grosbeak _....... k 20° 697% American Pipit ee 2.0)
596 Black-headed Grosbeak see DD 703 Mockingbird _... .... Bares oe BU
595 Indigo Bunting == 15 704 Catlbirdess 22S ees ee sex aD
602 Sharpe’s Seed-eater........................ MO 105 - Brown Thrasher 15
605 Wankes Untin Gee eee eee 20 706 Texas Nhrashe re yee eee enna 30
606 Blue headed Euphonia ................ TOO. ‘ay Curve-billed Thrasher................... 30
6u8 Scanlet Tanagers 3g PH IR CACEUSRWINC IG 5 pees eese eee 25
610 Summerinanadcens a ee 25 718 Carolin awareness 20
611 Purple Martin................ 20 = 721 House Wrens es ieee eee 15
612 Cliff Swallow.........: WS te _Long-billed Marsh Wren................. 15
613 Barn Swallow 15 726 Brown Creeper 2... <..-2--e-seeeeeceeene 20 -
616 Bank Swallow 15 127 White-breasted Nuthatch .............. 15
618 \ Bohemian Waxwing ..................... 60 . 731 Tuite dct OUSC mes eee 15
619 Cedar Waxwing ..... ........ ....... 1B 78H Chickadee ee eee 15
622a White-rumped Shrike 15 = 748 Golden-crowned Kinglet Boer 2 16)
624 Red-eyed Vireo ...............-.-..... 2... 15 749 . Ruby-crowned Kinglet _....: eee 5
627 Warbllng Vireo ..........-..0220.222202------ 1B 25 Til Blue-gray Gnatcatcher _................. 15
631 White-eyed Vireo................. 02.2.2... iy G3 Wioyore BUM ee 20
636 Black and While Warbler:............. 15) 56 MINOT TNT UST yee eee ne 20
639 Worm-eating Warbler. ................. 30 T58a Olive-backed Thrush .__........-...-..... 20
641 Blue-winged Warbler .......-..... - .. 35 759b HUGO aN ay MAUS a 20
642 ‘Golden-winged Warbler ................ 30 8©6T61 VAGRANT ellp)
48 ‘Nashville Warbler.......................... 15 %66a Bluebird se a Soe ae 15
Address all communications to,
F.H. LATTIN & CO.,
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills.
AUDUBON’S Life-size pictures, beautifully and
accurately colored from nature.
BIRDS Plates for sale separately, for fram-
ing. ;
Full descriptive catalogue sent FREE
OF :
Estes & Lauriat,
AMERICA BOSTON.
- THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. X.
SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER
WILSON.
The First Volume of the American Ornithology
G. VROOMAN SMIrH.
Vil.
We now come to that period in Wil-
son’s life to which he looked forward,
from the time ne entered upon the pro-
fession of an orni hologist with anxious
expectancy. The time when he was to
see his fondest hopes realized—the pub-
lication of his American Ornithology.
The year 1807 wrought important
-changesin the career of Wilson. Mr.
Bradford, a publisher in Philadelphia,
contemplated publishing an edition of
Ree’s cyclopxdia and was looking about
for an assistant editor. Wilson was re-
commended to him as a person well
qualified to superintend the work and
his services were immediately secured.
He entered upon his new duties prompt:
ly and with all his heart. At last he
had emerged from the obscurity as
teacher of country school and was en-
gaged in an employment which gave
him abundant opportunity of making
the acquaintance of learned men.
Led by the desire of beholding the
maturity of his plans at once, he had
not been long in the employment of
Mr. Bradford before he made known to
him the desire of his heart. Mr. Brad-
ford needed nothing further than an
explanation of the nature and object of
the work to convince him of its inevit-
able success if published. fe readily
consented to become the publisher and
furthermore agreed to bear the neces-
sary expenses for an edition of two
hundred copies. What transpired in
‘Wilson’s mind wnen he receiyed the
ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1893.
NO. 10
approbation of this influential person
may be better imagined than realized.
The darling hope of his life now seemed
within reach-the publication of his
ornithology in a manner answering to
his imaginations and desires.
With the support of Mr. Bradford
and the indefatigable labor of Wilson
the work progressed rapidly. He re-
linguished his position of assistant edit-
or of the cyclopzedia and lent all his ef-
forts to his own work. His only means
of support now was that received from
the coloring of his own plates, and that
was far to small to meet the necessities
of life. He applied himself so closely
to coloring his plates and correcting
the imperfections of assistant employ-
ees that the hours of rest were encroach-
ed upon and the result was, his health
became sericusly impaired. His friends
advised him to travel about; and there-
upon in August, 1807 he left Philadel-
phia for a tour through the state of
Pennsylvania. On this journey he en-
larged his collection of specimens and
procured much additional information.
This pedestrian excursion seemed to
have repaired his shattered health for
after a few months of roughing it he re-
turned to his work with renewed vigor,
and devoted every moment to his plates
and manuse ripts.
Another year of incessant toil rolled
by before the first vclume of the Ameri-
can Ornithology with all its splendor
and magnificence was given to the
world. In September, 1808 the superb
volume left the printers and Alexander
Wilson with joy as great as the aston-
ishment which greeted his efforts, at
last beheld the proud moment of his
earlier expectations. America had
given to the world an original work in
science. A work which could in every
way vival the best productions of Kur-
270 THE OOLOGIST.
ope. And why do we lay so much
stress on this adopted foreigner’s ef-
forts? Because the science of ornithol-
ogy was in its infaney; aye, in its em-
bryonic state till Alexander Wilson,
that devout child of nature, by years
of patient toil, study, poverty and dis-
couragem2nt at last brought forth from
its obscurity the science that has enlist-
ed in its service minds of the very high-
est order. Because there is not to be
found in that long line of his illustrous
followers one who has led a life abound-
ing in such depressing circumstances
and still has given to the world a mon-
ument of industry to be comparea with
his efforts. Those of you who have
read an account of his life cannot but
rejoice to think that we are living in an
enlightened ave. An age when our be-
loved science is encouraged rather than
discouraged. Briefly review again the
circumstances under which his work
was brought forth. Consider the life
of penury he led and then consider
what that life gave to us. Hight years
previous to the appearance of his first
volume.—years in which most if not the
whole mass of his knowledge of the sub-
ject was gained, were years spent in
wrestling with disappointment, pover-
ty and sickness. In all that time he
worked patiently and thoroughly, scarce-
ly receiving any outside aid in the
furtherance of his desigus. Finally let
us think of him as he leaves the abode
of civilized man, latinches his canoe on
unbroken waters, depends on his rifle
for subsistence, keeps on his solitary
march till the bird has sung its evening
song, and then lies dewn to rest with
no society but the hoot of the Owls and
no shelter but the star-lighted skies.
And afterall due consideration let us
attribute to Alexander Wilson the
praise his great work deserves.
Although twenty-five hundred copies
of the prospectus, setting forth the
character of the work had been sent to
different parts of the country, yet when
the real work greeted the public no one
was prepared to welcome so fine a spee--
imen of art. No one entertained an
idea of the grandeur and com leteness:
of the work. Little wonder that it met
with so little patronage when we con-
sider how expensive it was. The taste:
for such luxuries had not yet been
formed in this country. Those who had
manifested an interest in the science
were mainly persons of limited cireum-
stances. Thus being an ornament to-
the shelves of the rich or shut up in the:
libraries of learned institutions it was a.
sealed book to those who really were in
need of its benefits. Wilson himself
realized the position his book was likely
to hold in the public favor, and his plan
was to publish a second edition in four
volumes, with drawings on wood.
This edition would have circulated
more generally and would likely reach:
the hands of all who were interested in
the science, as it could have been sold!
at a very low figure, as compared with
the cost of the original edition which
was ope hundred and twenty dollars.
But unfortunately he died before the-
ninth volume of the first edition was:
completed.
In the latter part of September, 1803
he writes to Mr. Bartram: “In a few
moments [ set out for the eastern states,
through Boston to Maine, and back
through the state of Vermont, in search:
of birds and subseribers.” It was with
a feeling of timidity that he set out in
search of patronage; for as he says ‘‘the
bearer of a subscription paper is seldom:
welcomed with rapture.’’ He felt that
even if he should fail in securing sub-
scribers he at least could gain a greater
familiarity with nature’s objects. Ac-
cordingly he writes to a friend, “I am:
fixing correspondents in every corner
of these northern regions, like so many
pickets and outposts, so that scarcely a.
Wren or Tit shall be able to pass along
from York to Canada, but I shall get in-.
telligence of it.”’
Thousands of learned men examined
his book; and although only a few en-
THE OOLOGIST. 2
tered their names as subscribers, yet he
received expressions of the highest ad-
miration and esteem from all. He ex-
hibited his book with some success at
Princeton college, Newark and Eliza-
bethtown in New Jersey. In New
York he found a few subscribers and
many admirers. The professors of Col-
umbia college particularly expressed
their esteem for his performance. The
professor of languages being a Scotch-
man, and also a Wilson, gave him great
encouragement and would have done
him any favor in his power. Tom
Paine, the author of the ‘Rights of
Man” was then residing at Greenwich,
ashort distance from New York. Wil-
son desired to visit the man about whom
somuch had been said, and who was
now in the yellow leaf of life, being
something over seventy. Wilscn said
he found him sitting in his nightgown,
at a table covered with newspapers and
material for writing. Paine examined
his book with great attention and was
so weJl pleased with it that he entered
his name among the list of subseribers.
He spent a whole week traversing the
streets of New York, from one house
_to another. He said ‘the became as
well known as the public ecrier, ov the
clerk of the market, for I could fre-
quently perceive gentlemen point me
out to others as I passed with my book
under my arin.”
On the 2nd of October he left New
York for New Haven, Middletown and
Hartford where he received a few sub-
scribers and much encouragement. At
Hartford an editor of a newspaper ex-
pressed the highest admiration of the
work, and paid many handsome com-
pliments to it in his paper. Wilson
writing to a friend said ‘that compli-
ments is a species of currency that will
neither purchase plates or pay the
printer; but, nevertheless it is gratify-
ing to the vanity of an author, when
nothing better can be gut.”
The morning following the evening
he arrived in Boston, :he sought out
7
ra
Beacon Hill, an eminence overlooking
the city.. His eyes were directed to see
that spot so justly celebrated in Ameri-
can history, Bunker Hill. A _ gentle-
man pointed out the spot to him and he
immediately explored the way thither.
He inquired if there was any one still
living in the vicinity who was engaged
in the battle, and he was directed to a
Mr. Miller, who was a lieutenant in
that memorable affair. Wilson intro-
duced himself without ceremony, shook
hands with him, and told him that he
was proud of the honor of meeting with
one of the heroes of Bunker Hill. They
proceeded together to the place, taking
with them another veteran who had
been in the same conflict. With these
veterans he spent three hours upon the
field; the most interesting. he says,
which he ever passed in his life. As
they pointed out to him the route
of the British—the American line
of defence—the spot where Warren fell,
and where he-was thrown amid heaps
of dead, he felt as if he himself could
haye encountered an army in the same
glorious cause. The old soldiers were
delighted with his enthusiasm, and,
after drinking a glass of wine together,
they parted with regret. He said. “no
pilgrim ever approached the tomb of
his prophet, with more awful enthus-
iasm, than he felt as he drew near to
that sacred ground; and great was his
wrath, to find that a wretched pillar of
bricks, was the only memorial of those
who had shed their blood for their
country.”
He proceeded eastward through Mass-
achusetts and New Hampshire to Port-
land. ‘From Portland he travelled
through New Hampshire, stopping at:
Dartmouth college, where he said the
professors were extremely obliging and
attentive, particularly the president
who snbseribed; thence through Ver-
mont to Aloany and home by tie way
of New York. The whole number of
subserib-rs procured during this tour
was only forty-one.
272 THE OOLOGIST
Raptores of Michigan.
By ScoLopa.
Part Four.
THe EUROPEAN BuzzArp, Buteo buteo
f. This straggler from the old world,
not rarely taken at the North on the
eastern coast of N. A., has been twice
recorded from Michigan. Exact refer-
ence not now at hand but can be furn-
ished if desired. At best it can. only
be embraced as an irregular visitor.
Swatnson’s Hawk, Buteo swainscni
Bonap. 1 have never met with this
species to my knowledge, but have,
nevertheless always thought that it was
more common than credited. A few
have been recorded from various parts
‘of the state. In time, and when com-
_petent ornithologists shall be found in
nearly all sections of Michigan, it may
be reasonably expected, that the Swain-
sson’s Hawk, will, at least be generally
known as a yearly visitor to the penin-
‘sular State.
BROAD-WINGED Hawk, Buteo latissi-
mus. Wils- Inthe Northern part of
the state, this species may be abundant,
though it is not reported so, that I can
learn. In Southern Michigan it is but
jittle known, and many, ornithologists
‘have collected for years without seeing
a bird. Still searcer are the successful
ones with the eggs As an evidence of
its rarity here, in the breeding season,
I will say, that in over five hundred
nests of the buteos which have been rob-
bed by the collectors of this (Kalama-
700) county, only one set of eggs of this
Buzzard was taken. It may be safe to
-add that I suspect the identify of
‘Hawk’s eggs is not al Ways accurate.
tn fact I suspect that nests of this bird
have been found and overlooked. The
advice is given, that in all cases of
doubt, the bird should be secured when
the eggs are removed.
In late May, 1875 two of us were
hunting and collecting in a piece of low
woods where we often went. Jim saw
a Hawk sailing leisurely through the
woods He followed it and shot the
bird which proved to be of this species.
As the Hawk was rare to us, having
previously only been seen in migrations
we were much interested in the note
and began to look about although we
did not expect to find eggs owing to the
lateness of the season. We quickly
spied a suspicious-mass of rubbish in a
large white ash only a few rods away.
When we approached the tree we were
much pleased to see the old bird fly off.
She alighted in an adjoining tree and
was easily bagged.
It was a very warm day and so we *
disembowelled our specimens and pack-
ed the cavity with dry materials on
which was dropped alittle carbolic acid.
An examination disclosed the fact that
the mother bird was engaged in laying,
and we at once laid our plans for seal-
ing the ash tree which was nearly
seven feet in circumference two feet
above the ground. The trunk ascend-
ed all of fifty feet without a limb. In
those early days we knew nothing
about climbing irons and our bird-nest-
ing was the hardest kind of climbing in
many cases. After much scrambling
and puffing, together with a good deal
of boosting from below by my compan-
ion witha long sapling and crotch, I
managed to reach the nest, which was
built like the nests of the other dzdeos,
as near as I could judge. It contained
two eggs one of which was well marked
and much like the usual description,
while the other was. of dirty white
ground color with a very few markings.
The eggs can be distinguished from
those of the Red-tailed and Red-should-
ered Hawks both by size and markings,
* All birds which feed on flesh become putrid
in Warm weather within a very few hours after
death unless treated with some antiseptic.
Another method I often adopt. and this is par-
ticularly adapted t) cases where birds are to
be sent by niail or express, is to fill the eviscer-
ated body with powdered charcoal.
THE OOLOGIST. "Rid.
in fact I do not know of any other
species of Hawk’s eggs for which they
can be mistaken in this region.To those
who do not possess eggs of this Hawk,
aud who-are so fortunate as to have
access to Capen’s work, it will be found
that the plates are an exceilent repres-
entation of this Hawk’s eggs. The size
of the eggs are a little less than those of
the eggs of tne Red-shouldered Buzzard.
Davie gives the average as 1.90x1.54
inches.
The nest was built in a huge crotch
_and after the manner ofthe other Buz-
zard-hawks. The spot was little visit-
ed, the locality selected being a low,
wild piece of woods. This is the usual
choice of this Hawk, as recorded by col-
leetors and observers. It seems strange
to me that a species of the Hawk fam-
ily so constant in its choice of wild and
little frequented regions, should be so
easily approached and shot. Yet this
inattention to its safety is a well known
feature of the Broad-wing’s habits, and
many writers mention it.
Most writers refer to this species as
one which builds in high trees, but
others say that their choice varies great-
ly. Itis certainly a Hawk which sel-
ects wild localities, and from this fact
is the reason that it is little known in
well populated districts except during
m grations.
RED-SHOULDRED HAWK OR BUZZARD,
Buteo lineatus. Gmel. This is our
commonest Buzzard Hawk and is un-
doubtedly the best known of all the
family. It, in common with the Red-
tail bears the name of Hen-hawk and
Chicken-hawk; terms which are hardly
fair, as the two Buzzards rarely serious-
ly infest the the barn yard, and especial-
ly is this true of this Hawk. ‘This bird
also bears the old name of Winter Fal-
eon, which is of course entirely improp-
er as it isin no sense a Falcon. It is
not rarely found with us throughout
the winter months, but is evidently no
more hardy than the Red-tail, which
certainly averages ten to twenty days
or more earlier in nesting. Generally
arrives in late February and departs
from our state in late November, but [
have seen it here in very severe weatl-
er in December and Januaay.
Not long after arrival the pairs. evi-
dently mated upon their appearance,
select sites for their nests. They are
not as constant to a favored site as the
Red-tail; in fact can never be depended
on to visit a nest for a second season.
I have known a pair to do so however,
and also to choose an old nest of the
Crow or that of their near relative ‘the
Red-tail.
The loeality selected is nearly always
a low woods the species rarely nesting
on high ground; and never to, so far as
my experience goes, far removed trom
water. Many hundreds of nests of this
Hawk have been visited in this vicinity
and any quantity of eggs have been se
cured by the collectors of this county.
Mr. Richard Westnedge of Kalama-
z00, than whom no more reliable col-—
lector lives in the state has devoted
much time to the nesting habits of the
Hawks of Southern Michigan. Since
April, 1888 he his kept a careful record
of the nesting habits, sites, localities,
ete. of this Hawk. I cannot do better
than to give his summary in his own
words. He says:
“Sixty-eight sets of Red-shouldered
Hawks eggs taken since April 21, ’88.
Of these one each was in birch, soft
maple and basswood; two in tamarack;
three each in hard maple and sycamore;
five in hickory; seven in oak; eight in
elm; fourteen in beach and twenty-three
in ash trees. The lowest built nest was
only twenty feet up and was placed in
a birch tree; the highest was in an ash
and at ninety feet. The largest set was
one of five eggs; the smallest incubated
sets were three of two eggs each.
Three and four are the usual sets. The
earliest set was taken April fourth; lat-
est first set fresh, May third; latest
2274
-second set May eighteenth. About
Apvil fifteenth is the best date for col-
lecting the eggs. Sometimes, but sel-
-dom found in dry oak woods, but al-
ways near marshy ground.”
The nest of the Red shouldered Hawk
‘iseasily found. It is built after the
manner of the structure of the Red-tail
and is indistinguishable from it when
viewed from the ground. There are
‘some collectors who claim that the
nests of the two spebies can always be
told apart, but I must confess that I
have been unable to distinguish the
species from nests alone. However it
is usually not difficult to decide, if the
nest is in high oak woods and contains
only two large eggs, that the structure
belongs to the Red-tail. Again, if the
nest is in low woods and contains three
or four smaller eggs, it is fair to judge
that the Red-shoulder owns them.
Nevertheless, I have seen sets of these
eggs of the Red-shouldered Hawk which
were larger than three eggs from one
nest of the Red-tail. And too, the Red-
tail often selects the exact locality
chosen by the smaller Buzzavd. . There-
fore a collector must be careful and not
rely too fully on shape, size or colora-
tion of eggs, or locality of nest. I do
not doubt that many collections, some
of which belong to renowned collectors,
are supplied with sets of Buzzard’s eggs
which are improperly labelled.
Many eggs of this Hawk are very
beautiful and the markings in various
shades of brown and red are pleasing
to the eye. The variations in colora-
tion: and markings are much greater
than in the eggs of the Red-tail, and it
is needless to describe them.
A trip after the eggs of the Red-
shouldered Buzzard is a most interest-
ing expedition, and if made in the right
locality eannot fail to be productive .of
good results, particularly if one of the
party is an experienced collector and
fearless climber. It is best to go into
the woods in Mareh and watch the
THE OOLOGIST.
birds intent on selecting a nesting site,
as they are very noisy and active at
that time. Having located several
pairs of birds, the proper undertaking
is to visit the woods regularly and keep
track of the progress the birds are mak-
ingin nest building or repairing and
incubating.
A collector who has plenty of time to
to devote to the work should have _bril-
liant suecess and I feel safe in saying
that there are several collectors in this
city who could, if unhampered, and no
others to bother them, collect a hund-
red eggs of this Hawk alone, in addi-
tion to other collecting in a season.
It is however rare indeed that a col-
lector is free of all duties; for school
work engages the attention of the most”
of the collectors at a time when the
Hawk’s egg-harvest is in season, and
with the older ones the duties of busi-
ness demand attention. From these
causes but very few days are spent in
the woods by the enthusiasts around
here. I know several young fellows of
this vicinity who have collected for
years. One of them was a painter, one
a tinuer, a machinest, college student,
etc. Available days for collecting were
few, and generally the time between
Saturday night and Monday morning
was selected for long trips, while the
eyries near to town were visited after
the work of the week day. Of course
all of the ground could not be covered
in one day even though the collectcrs
set out in different directions.
Many are the yarns I have heard and
many good jokes were played on the
unlucky ones. It was not rare that
one egg-crank would rob a Buzzard’s
nest which was fondly considered hid-
den by another crank who expected to
take the eggs. When crank No. 1 at
last climbed the tree he found a note
pinned in the nest by crank No. 2 which
informed crank No. 1 that he was a
trifle late as some one had been there
before him,
THE OOLOGIST.
Occasionally a huge tree was selected
‘by the Hawks which was insurmount-
sable, and which existed for years with-
out a robbery of the coveted eggs. But
at last we were honored with an enthus-
iastic collector who knew no danger
and was indefatigable with climbing
irons and blow pipe. He soon scaled
all difficult trees and I feel safe in say-
ing that there is not a tree in this sec-
tion which will cause him to falter.
The Red-shouldered Hawk is a very
noisy bird, and without doubt the nois-
-est species we have. This is especially
noticeable during nest-building and at
the time when the young leave the nest.
At the latter time a family of Hawks
will easily convince an uneducated
stroller that there are a dozen or more
screamers in a patzh of woods.
Although the bird does not seem to
have the attachment for a particular
nesting site which the Red-tail exhibits,
stillit is rare for a pair of birds to quit
a locality unless the woods are cut
down. Year after year the Red-should-
ered Hawk returns to the same patch
-of woods and submits to spoilation by
‘the town egg-collector.
ooo
Auld Lang Syne.
Of all the various scientific recrea-
tions, few will dispute that nature pre-
sents the widest:and most edifying
fields in which to exercise our thoughts.
For an intelligent mind, nature has a
natural inspiration! The boundless
ocean, the lofty mountian, the majestic
river with its surrounding landscape,
are each to him a ‘‘chef d’a@uyvre” of a
unique past Master, against which the
feeble, though noble efforts of our
mightiest minds, stand rebuked, as the
merest trivialties.
Everything in nature, commands our
unqualified admiration: from the lowly
weed to the noble oak, and the multi-
colored birds, insects and flowers, nat-
urally turn our thcughts to Him who
made them.
This study of nature, in which the
poorest individual may participate. pre-
sents such an infinite variety of sub-
jects, as almost to bewilder the imagi-
nation, and it would require thousands
of years, for its greatest devotee, to
gain an insight into the knowledge of
its wonders. However, by pursuing
one of the various lines of study, one
may hope to become tolerably profie-
lent in its mysteries.
In choosing any special path, one
must be guided, so to speak, by the
chemical affinity, or rather inspiration,
as well as by circumstances and re-
sources. For me, “Ornithology,” al-
ways has been, and is still with Odlogy
the most delightful study extant.
I doubt not that the majority of the
collecting subscribers of the OdLoersr
hold the same opinion with myself.
I further expect, that with me, many
of your readers would admit that col-
lecting specimens has been intimately
linked with some of the proudest and
happiest moments of their lives The
delight one feels in the wood, field or
along the banks of the stream, (on cer-
tain occasions, when some tare, unex-
pected set is met with and seeured for
the cabinet) is untranslatable, and can-
not be adequately described on paper.
1 recollect twenty years ago, when a
mere child, the inexpressible joy I felt
on finding a crow’s nest (corvus corone)
in England, with three eggs. I thought
they must surely be ravens, they were
so large and beautiful; and I remember
also with what regret I left two for the
old bird, according to instructions in
my bird book, which was, if I remem-
ber correctly, the Rev. J. C. Atkinson’s
British Birds, Eggs and Nests.
The first Kestrel( falco Tinnuneulus) I
took, containing six very fine eggs, cave
me unlimited pleasure, I rated them
Peregrine Falcons’ at least. The cir-
cumstances are still fresh in my mem-
ory. I was then clerk in my uncle’s
store, and worked from 7 a. m. till 7
276 THE OOLOGIST.
p.m. I arose that May morning at 2 a.
m. and called on a young friend, whom
I had interested in Odlogy, to go with
me, but the muscular arms of Mor-
pheus prevented, and I went away dis-
gusted with my friend’s tranquil in-
difference and started alone, as happy
as a lark, and as confident as Julius
Cesar of success.
After walking over two miles, and
taking a beautiful Lesser White-throat’s
egg, from a nest built in weeds, con-
taining three, I proceeded to cross a
low meadow on the banks of the Great
Ouse. I had searcely crossed the pal-
ing when a Red-leg Partridge flew from
a pateh of rank grass right in front of
me. I almost trod on the nest, which
contained eleven eggs of a creamy buff
color, minutely speckled wity dark
brown. This was a new acquisition to
my cabinet, and my conscience smote
me as I took four of the prettiest, two
for myself and two for my sleeping
friend. Before I had crossed the mead-
ow I frightened an old Millard from
her nest, which was built in a hollow at
the top of an old willow., The nest,
which was full of feathers, contained
ten eggs, of which I took four, but only
saved two and that with difficulty, as
they were almost on the poi.t of hatch-
ing.
Leaving the meadows I crossed to a
small copse or wood of spruce fir and
had scarcely entered when a Ring-dove
flew from a low tree to my right and
sailed deep into the wood, After a
little searching, I discovered her rude
platform of twigs, on which were de-
posited two beautiful, white, glossy
eggs, elliptical in shape. I left one,
hoping to find another to make a pair.
T collected in pairs then!
While walking slowly along, pack-
ing my eggs, I heard a Hawk scream-
ing, and following the sound with my
eyes, saw a magnilicent Kestrel fly in-
to the top of a tall fir. My excitement
was intense. I had never taken a
Hawk’s egg in my life, and had a
special longing to distinguish myself
amongst the Raptores. Promptly climb-
ing this memorable spruce, which had
limbs from the ground up, I soon
caught sight of the nest. On reach-
ing it- I would not put my hand in,
until I had first looked in the nest,
which a moment later I did. Oh, thou
aident lover of fine sets, imagine six
glorious eggs, the most beautiful I had
ever seen, marbled, mottled and veined
with ‘brick red and sienna. on a deep~
buff ground. I almost fell from the
tree in my excitement. It was truly
a moment of indescribable bliss, and
one that will never fade from my
memory. I must. here confess, I
bagged the-whole set, contrary to all
rules and precedents. Five eggs is
the usual number laid by the Kestrel,
one of them generally being much
smaller than the rest. I reached home
at 6 a. m. delighted at my new acqui-
sitions, and incurring the envy of my
sleepy friend, who bowever, received
his share. This happened in 1891; and
though my collection has vanished,
the memories still remain.
I am still in the field, though on
this side the herring pond, devoting
my leisure moments to the same de-
lightful. study. The birds of North
America are comparitively new to me,
as well as the eggs, and in this fact -
rests the assurance of many delight-
ful days to come.
I see birds almost daily that are new
to me, and have found many beautiful
nests and eggs, wliich however has ne-
cessitated the killing of some birds for’
their identification.
The Cardinal Grosbeak (Cardinalis
Virginniaus) which is a constant resi-—
dent here, excited my admiration on
first beholding it, with its beautiful
crest and gaudy plumage, and_ after--
ward by its strong melodious voice.
The Yellow-billed Cuekoo, with its
strange note and peculiar eggs so un-
like Cuculus canorus has greatly in-
terested me also. I founda. nest of.
THE OOLOGIST.
this species with three almost fresh
eggs on Aug. 17th, 1893. Is not that
unusually late?
Wm. Wakes,
Knoxville, Tenn.
2S ea ee
The Marsh Hawk and It’s Uggs.
One morning in June a farmer stood
in his yard with a loaded gun in his
hands watching a pail of Buteos lazily
cireling overhead While thus watch-
ing,a Marsh Hawk came skimming
over the wall and picking up a chicken
was away witn it’s quarry before the
slow, rustic battery in che farmers
hands could be brought to bear on it.
It is for such oceasional forages, that
this useful Harrier is shot by the aver-
age farmer. But fortunately there are
some farmers who ean and do appreci-
ate the usefulness of this Hawk. He
destroys those pests of the farmer, the
mole, go her, rats, mice and a great
number of snakes. Whence he receives
his various epithets; as Mouser, Snake
Hawk and Mole Hawk. After or dur-
ing such a life of usefulness, should this
bird be hunted, shot and killed?
It plainly shows the ignorance and
stupidity of the average farmer. In
spring the country’ boy finds its nest
and marks the spot. He waits until
the young are hatched and then pro-
eeeds to wring their necks.
The nest of the Marsh Hawk is gen-
erally a bulky affair, anywhere from an
inch to a foot high, and from about a
foot wide to two feet. Some times it
builds no nest at all but simply depos-
its its eggs in some small depression in
dry sphagnum moss or some similar
substance. In such cases the bird
builds no nest for the purpose of better
concealing her eggs. On the contrary
some of the nests are extremely large.
They are sometimes built large for the
reason being always built in a swampy
place they are in danger of being sub-
merged by the water and are therefore
built Jarge for the purpose of avoiding
2k
this danger, but the general cause of
these large nests are the results of nest-
ing in the same spot for a series of
years, each year the bird adding more
to the nest in repairing it for use.
The usual number of eggs ina set of
the Marsh Hawk is three, sometimes.
four or five and but rarely two. When
first laid their color isa greenish blue,.
fading before the clutch is complete to
dirty white which color is given by the
closest odlogists as the true color of: the:
eggs. Sometimes the eggs are marked
over with a dark chocolate color, but
commonly are not. The choicest sets.
of eggs of the collector are those that
are marked.
Extreme sets are sometimes found: as.
many as seven in a nest. More than -
that have been reported before, but the
the cases are improbable. Many facts
tend to show also that the two birds,
(Marsh Hiwk) which lay marked eggs:
one season will lay marked eggs every
season; and those that lay plain or un-
marked eggs one season will ever after
lay plain eggs.
There are facts also which go to prove
that the two birds that lay a certain
size and shape egg in one season will
lay the same shaped and same size egg
all other seasons. Many authorities.
doubt that still and i. has never been
proven yet.
The Marsh Hawk is perhaps the most
noiseless of our breeding rapaciw. The
ery made by some of them has an inti-
mation of the Fish Hawk, but in general
the ery approaches more nearly that of
Cooper’s Hawk.
To those who have only seen and.
known the subject of this sketch, as the
skimmer of the meadows, floating and
quartering spaniel-like over bushy low-
lands he will hardly seem like a being
of the upper air. Yet, he has his aspir-
ations, as we may see; the females, after
being flushed and shot at, would be
joined by the male and hang for hours
far overhead, mere specks in tha sky,
seemingly above the loftiest flights of
the Buteos.
278
THE QOLOGIST,
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
iF. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers.
ALBION, N. Y.
IFRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER EF. WEBB,
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Correspondence and items of interest to the
suugent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
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ee ee EES
sere
The American Woodcock.
Mtr. Black’s note regarding the Amer.
can Woodcock reminded me that I
have had quite an extended acquain-
tance with this peculiar and precocious
bird, and as he (Mr. Black) requests
further remarks on the subject I am
pleased to submit the following notes:
Although I have not had as much
time as I should like to study the birds
THE OOLOGIST.
I have had the good fortune to fall in
with quite a number of Woodcoeks and
my notebooks contain quite an amount
of interesting matter regarding them.
The Woodcock on account of its re-
tiring habits is rather a hard bird to
study and therefore some of its most
interesting and peculiar habits seem to
have escaped the observations of nat-
uralists.
In the western states (so far as I have
observed) their feeding grounds are, as
a rule, in the low wet bottom lands
where there is a thick growth of coarse
grass and Jow bushes thus rendering it
almost impossible to see the birds when
they are on the ground.
In the east, especially in the hilly
parts, I have seen them feeding in
comparitively open roads where I had
very little trouble in seeing and watch-
ing them.
Early in April the Woodcoecks arrive
in the sheltered valleys of southern
Ohio and soon seatter and pair to spend
the breeding season.
The male bird has a habit of flying
spirally up into the air, sometimes
higher than the tree tops and while
balancing in the air he utters a low
droning and not unmusical sound,
which can be heard at quite a distance.
This is a call to his mate and when he
alights upon the ground the female
bird is sure to be near at hand to re-
ceive his caresses.
The birds often play in a very droll
manner, running round and round
each other in a small cirele, their
feathers rufiled, their wings lifted and
their long bills pointing nearly directly
upward with their heads resting on
their backs.
Sometimes they will hop on one foot
holding the other at a queer angle, as
if it had been broken or hurt. The
male bird utters a low indescribable
sound during all the playing and the
sight of these queer antics is worth
more than to have seen Modjeska or
Barrett in their celebrated plays.
THE OOLOGIST.
The Woodeock usually lays four,
rarely five, creamy or buff colored eggs,
spotted with various shades of slate
and reddish brown. ;
The nest is a slight depression or
hollow in the ground sometimes being
lined with vegetable down or some
such material.
From a series of six sets in my eol-
lection (four being of four and two of
five eggs each) the smallest eggs meas-
ures 1.05x1.59 inches and the largest
one measures 1.16x1.72 inches.
A curious habit of the Woodcock is
that of removing their eggs to another
nesting site when they are disturbed
while incubating. I heard of this habit
from an old sportsman and afterwards
verified it to my satisfaction.
Finding a nest one day I disturbed
the setting bird three times and again
four times on the next day and on the
morning of the third day I found that
the birds had remoyed the eggs during
the night and placed them in anew
nest about eight feet away where I
found the eggs. I had marked the
eges to avoid any mistake. The second
nest was a mere hollow in the mossy
ground and was in the middle of an
open place in tall marsh grass, while
the first was neatly cupped and lined
with the above mentioned vegetable
down.
Another singular habit of the Wood-
cock that I have never seen noted is
that of both birds setting upon the nest
in wet or cold weather. In doing this
they hnddle very close together and
face in opposite directions and I have
always noted that they have their heads
thrown back and their bills elevated to
an angle of about forty-five degrees.
I have often seen the female bird
earry the young birds In her feet and
once saw a male bira doing this.
Their feeding time is mostly at night-
fall (dusk) or on dark cloudy days,
when they may be seen moving about
in a quick jerky and nervous manner
279
touching the ground with the bill and
using the wings and tailasif they were
drunk and were afraid of tumbling
over.
The bill of a Woodcock is covered
with a membraneous sheath or net-
work of tine nerves which enables it to
easily find its food, which consists al-
most entirely of slugs and worms, such
as are found in bogs or low pastures.
The nervous covering on the bill is so
sensitive that the bird can distinguish
with it, the slightest movement of a
worm or slug several inches below the
surface of the ground by simply touch-
ing the grouud with its bill. Some-
times in ‘‘oozy” places where the sur-
face will shake J have seen them tap or
drum lightly upon the ground with
their wings to make the worms stir so
that they could tell where they lay and
afterward probe after them with their
bills.
I have often read and heard that the
American Woodcock never alights up-
on a fence or tree, but I know of two
instances where the exception occured,
not by my own observations but by the
following: which were noted by my
fellow-odlogist, Prof. Geo. W. Sabine,
of this city.
On Sept. 15, 1872, while out shooting
in a grove south of Utica, N.Y., he
saw aWoodeock perched upon a branch
about 15 feet up in a maple tree.
On Oct. 1, 1875, he “‘put up” (fiushed)
a Woodcvck in Graefienburg Swamp,
N. Y. The bird flew about 25 yards
and alighted upon an old rail fence.
Both of these instances are facts and
may be set down as such as IJ have
known the Professor for eleven years,
and his notebook substantiates both of
above statements.
The above observations are taken
from my field notes, some of which
date back to July 3, 1878.
Iam yours in the study of Birds,
IsADOR S. TROSTLER,
Omaha, Neb.
280 THE OOLOGIST.
Nesting Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina
Wrens in Travis County, Texas.
BAIRD’s WREN.
Thryomades bewickt iptlurus.
This very interesting little bird is
probab.y our most common Wren. It
is found in all kinds of country, but
from my observations, I think it prefers
a broken country, and little patches of
prairie and mesquite groves, alternat-
ing with the timber.
They are fussy little creatures, hard-
ly ever silent, and always keeping up a
querulous ‘‘chee, chee, chee. Even as
early as January the males are great
singers, and early on an April morning
one can not go far without hearing the
sweet and cheerful song of one of these
little birds.
In February they can be seen in pairs
promenading the back yards, peering
into every hole, bird-box and creyice.
They seem to be often undecided as to
a nesting place, for I have known a pair
to start three different nests without
any apparent cause. About March
15th the Baird’s Wrens begin building
their nests mostly in bird-boxes or on a
rafter in the barn. The nest is simply
a mass of rubbish, but always softly
lined. with feathers, cotton, or horse
hair, Six eggs is a common comple-
ment, but as Many as nine or as few as
four may constitute afull clutch. The
eggs are white, more or less speckled
with brown of varying shades,and lilae.
Sometimes the specks of reddish brown
are thickly and uniformly distributed;
again they are collected in a ring sur-
rounding the crown or else rather larger
specks of chocolate brown and _ lilac
shell markings are more sparingly dis-
posed. A set collected in 1890 was in a
beautiful bark, and wool nest placed
on top of a post in the eaves of a gal-
lary. It was the largest set I ever col-
lected, the number laid being nine.
The eggs were of a creamy-white back-
ground, and lightly specked with brown
and lilac. Several albino eggs came
under my notice last spring; one was
immaculate white, and another was al-
most white being finely specked with
brown; both eggs were in sets of nor-
mally colored eggs.
Some of the Baird’s Wrens must
spend their whole life in Austin, as
they are seen all through the year flit-
ting about in the gardens.
CAROLINA WREN.
Thryothorus ludovictianus.
An abundant bird in the bottom
land. The Carolina Wren is another
fine singer, but spends too much time in
scolding Owls and Crows. Often es-
pecially in the Spring you can hear a
him perched high on a topmost
twig of some tall pecan tree pouring
forth his melodions song. This bird
cannot be particular in its choice of a
nesting place, for their nests have been
found in hollow logs, under the cornice
of a house, in a can placed in small oak
tree, and in a crevice in arock wall. I
think the hollow log suits it best as
Most of the nests found here were in
them. ‘The nest is usually composed of
twigs, grass, weeds, leaves, cotton,
wool, rags, and hair, but in several in-
stances I have found it to consist whol-
ly of wool and hair. There is not as
much variation in the eggs of this.
species, as found in others. Rarely an
albino is found in a clutch. The ground
eolor is white, spotted thickly and fine-
ly with specks of reddish brown, and
salmon, with light spots of lilac, gener-
ally forming an irregular ring around
thelarger end. The ground color is
usually concealed. Fresh eggs may be
found from April Ist to May 15th. The
Carolina Wren stays here in Travis.
county, both winter and summer, as do,
most all the breeding Wrens.
JAMES M. ODELL, JR.,
Austin, Travis. Co., Texas.
THE OOLOGIST. 281
DEATH OF BENJ. F. GOSS.
Expires Suddenly at His Home in Pewaukee.
Benjamin F. Goss. one of the fore-
most ornithologists of this country,died
at his home in Pewaukee. Wis. Thurs-
day. June 6 last, aged 70 years. Death
was caused by heart disease and was
sudden and unexpected, though he had
been in poor health for some time.
Mr. Goss was born in Lancester, N.
H , in 1823. He learned the printer’s
trade there, and in 1841 came to Wis-
consiu, where he worked at his trade in
Milwaukee fora year. In 1842 he took
up land in Pewaukee and engaged in
farming. In 1855 he was a member of
the Wisconsin assembly. At the expir-
ation of his term of office he moved to
Freeport, Ill., where with his brother
N.S. Goss he carried on a grocery store
fora year. He then went to Waverly,
Iowa, and was in the real estate busi-
ness fortwo years. Thenhe moved to
Neosha Falls, Kas., where in company
with his brother and others he bought
a lot of land, laid out the town, erected
mills and made extensive improvments.
He remained in business there until
‘October, 1861, when he raised a com-
ipany of cavalry, of which he was elect-
‘ed captain. The company was muster-
‘ed into service as Co. F, ninth Kansas
cavalry, and served until January, 1865.
Shortly after returning from the war
Mr. Goss returned to Pewaukee where
he engaged in the general mercantile
business in which he continued until a
few years ago when he retired but still
amade Pewaukee his home.
His character was of the highest,
‘thoroughly honest and reliable in every
situation. His disposition was modest
and retiring and his heart was kind.
He enjoyed the highest respect and es-
teem of all with whom he came in con-
tact.
As a scientist Mr. Goss takes. high
rank. He was one of the foremost or-
nitnologists of this country. He had a
magnificent collection of birds which at
his death a short time ago he bequeath-
ed*to the state of Kansas. He had
one of the finest collections of birds
eggs outside the Smithsonian Institute.
From an article written by Mary E.
Stewart, a personal friend of Mr. Goss,
and printed in Yenowines News three
years ago, we copy the following inter-
esting items concerning his scientific
career:
“B.F. Goss was not more than 18
years old when he began a correspon-
denee with the Smithsonian Institute,
Agassiz and other scientists, which has
been since continued, as occasion made
it desirable. His brother, Col. N. S.
Goss was‘not behind him in any res-
pect. Mr. Goss was entitled to the dis-
tinction of Captain, but lis modesty
caused him to prefer being addressed as
Mr. Goss.
Mr. Goss paid more particular atten-
tion to the eggs, nests and nesting hab-
its of birds,and Col. N.S.Goss made the
birds themselves his more special study.
In pursuit of this study they have trav-
eled—often together—nearly all over
North America, including Mexico and
parts-of Cuba, besides. They worked
with and for each other, and together
have made such careful notes of their
work as would furnish material for the
most complete ornithology of North
American birds extant- Mr. Goss,upon
being asked why he did not publish it
replied that at his age he did not wish
to undertake so arduous a work, but
would leave his notes for some younger
man who may take sufficient interest to
make such use of them. Mr. Goss at
first collected for himself. but found
such pleasure in it that he soon began
collecting for others. I can remember
well the delight 1 felt when a child on
being shown a low chamber above the
store, fitted wp with branches of trees:
and sanded floor, and numbers of birds
flying freely about and singing, or sit-
ting on their nests which they had built
where they pleased. Mr. Goss is very
282 THE OOLOGIST.
genial, and will entertain one for hours
delightfully in relating incidents and
experiences in the course of his jour-
neys for study. His ancedotes, collect-
ed would make an interesting book.
“Mr. Goss has his collection in a
large pleasant room in his residence.
He has given a duplicate to the Public
Musuem in Milwaukee. Besides his
collection of eggs, Mr. Goss has many
fine specimens of butterflies, moths and
beetles. He began this collection for a
daughter, an only child, of whom he
has since been bereaved. He continues
collecting. however, to fill up the time
when he cannot be ‘‘birdnesting.” His
collection of eggs is now so complete
that it is a rare pleasure to come across
anewspecimen. He has a large cabin-
et full of various specimens of interest
and beauty, which he ealls Mrs. Goss’
collection.”
> 4
uaa alo
262Mainst. Wake RGeR: eS
THE OOLOGISY.
Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals
and Curiosities. Cretaceous
Fossils of Eastern Monta-
naa Snecialty.
a
WN (UMS
iN Vig
ScapuHirEs Nopusus, M. and H.
APOLE MAIS moan Soule tae eases ee eee eee 15
AClACON ATES MU aba eee ree eee eee eee 15
Baculites ovatus ......
Callista Deweyi ......
Dentalium gracile f
Lele yorbareyey yoowbayp se a ee. als
Volsella Meekiis = S205) Weyer eee ree 15
WE MEN Syn oynbyom Oe) 15
IMOceramus CONVEXUS! se -20 to .75
GG Crisplis.: 2. S22 eee TS"tone5
Tuiniattiay Commelina eee eee eee
Margarita Nebrasensis....
Nucula cancellata._..........
SCapPHITESMMO GUS US ye eee eee eee ee
Martesiay CUuneatai. 1s) eee
PUSH S GIT PS O10 eee ee
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus..
AAO AEC We es a eee 25 tO .75
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50
Tregonucarpus | nuts (tossil) size of Hickory
n
i vialetta Ese URN -20 tO .26
Mossi leaves: soos yee eee 15 to .75
AG@ALES; TOU Sn ee meer 10 to .50
HS POLISHES es ee ees 25 to $2.00
California Onyx, pollshee th es Hal auc 40 to $1.75
RetoskeyvAca tei: (oi see in sees se oes 25 to .75
HOSSEIN S eee ..15 tO .75
Petrified wood ......... Li So A las 10 to .50
AAI ZEG WO OG ease cess ee noe eee eRe, 10 to .50
TOMA Eas es oes Ss sceedebcs esses soee coceeeen 10 to .25
One Y=COMMOH avalen = hee 10 to .25
Sponge lava, will float in water................ 15 to .50
Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses
CAT YA ES es i Ao ee 15 to .50
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per
OLEH pee Raa GES Ege sO cs $1.50 to $2.00
Buffalo horns, per pair.................. ........50 to $1.50
Rattles from Rattlesnake: ........................ 10 to .25
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore
Ba ON Ac Soh os MRR Re aes SE GUL Sg 25 to $2.00
Small mixed shells from West Indes, per pint .50
Large Assortment of showy American and
HOMIES ISMN Sie eee 10 to $5.00 each
10 ner cent discount on cash orders of
$10.00 or more.
Send for price lists.
Homer Squyer,
Mingusville, Reese NE, Montana.
: at
RURIRW sseaRese"
00000 SeeGnoGRernoeneesoeseeuenonescacoue waeeuse SEDSeeeeeEeeEes! i
Ni um y yi
VA~ \ : aw
- POLOGISY, <
OD) > %
geese TESTO ONO Tee Te TESTE
a \ Ga8
ANG Monthiy. e0 50c. per Year. 8
VOL. X.
ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1898.
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘“Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words.
word. Nonotice inserted for less than 50c.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
‘“‘DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ‘-Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
NOTICE.—Will exchange Prize Winning Sil-
ver Laced Wyandott chicken. for any kind of
hunting dog or gun. WALTER TEAGLE,
1625 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio.
FOR EXCHANGE.—One three dollar Magic
Lantern with six slides, will exchange for
either stamps, old coins, Indian relics, shells
birds eggs. stuffed birds, ete. Address, CHAS.
C. TRYON, Avoca, Towa.
WANTED.—A 2d hand copy of ‘‘Coues Key; .
write, stating condition, edition and lowest
Cash price, to BERTON A. GARRETT, Ball-
ston Spa, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—First-class singles for
sets with data. Will sell at one-half catalogue
rates. Send lists. A.A. SCHOENHEIT, Box
386, San Jose, Cal.
WANTED.—U.S. stamps and Rugby foot-
ball, have to ex. for same eggs. singles. R. V.
N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland, Vt.
FOR EXCHANGE.—A few’ first-class sets
from this locality. would be pleased to hear
from my old correspondents. C. B. JOHNSCN,
Redwing, Minn.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles to ex-
change for same. RALPH MATTESON,
114 EK. North St., Galesburg, Il.
I HAVE eggs (singles) to ex. for good U. S.
or Department stamps, alsoa few stamps for
Same, R. V. N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland,Vt.
ATTENTION! Will exchange cash or equal
value for Old U. S. stamps. Indian relies. Con-
federate script, obsolete State Bank Notes,
ete. Describe fully. ARTHUR LOHMAN,
Two Riveys, Wise.
EXCHANGE ;—150 Golden Days, Automatic
Revolver, Hunting Knife, Sele Shot-gun.dark
lantern, fishing tackle, and 2 cartrid ge belts, 32
and 22 cal. Iwant 32 center fire single rifle,
Marlin Repeater or Insertion barr-l, eggs.
skins or locks, Merwin, Hulburt, Combined
Shot gun and rifie preferred. All answered.
HORACE FELL, 3658 Dearborn St., Chicago,
EXCH ANGE.—First-class skins male and fe-
male ofBlackSkimmer, Laughing Gull,Ccommon
and Forster’s Terns. For Revolver or small
Rite. THEODORE W. RICHARDS. M. D..
Columbia Road, Washington, D. C.
FOR SALE.—Collection of 550 rare stamps
valued 3c. to 15c., all valued over $16.00; sell
for best offer Cash. Best references. All an-
swered. Collector of Everything. Best Ex-
changes.’ Correspondence wanted. Send ex-
change offers.
ARCHIE L. GOWEY, JR.. Dr-
PERE, Wis.
I HAVE several books on Geology. Zoology
and Botany to exchange for books on Ornithol-
ogy and Oology. ‘ Write me for particulars.
PAUL B. DUNGAN, Hastings, Neb.
STAMPS—25 varicties foreign stamps for ten
varieties from one country. A specimen Helix
(Aglaia) Fidelis (Gray) for 50 varieties foreign
Stata Ds: FRED H. ANDRUS, Elkton, Douglas
Co., Ore.
FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs to ex-
change for same with full data or for any other
curiosities. All letters answered; no cards
wanted. J.S. & A. PYFER, Odell, Ne r.
MUST SELL AT ONCE. My whole col-
lection of eggs. about 75 varieties, valued at
$25, in sets with datas. and a few singles, in-
cluding No’s 685, 656, 580, 579. 572, 571. 557, 498,
351, 324, 312, 306, 301. 251. 122, 36, ete. Will sell
for best offer over $8. Write at once to, W. H.
ASPINWALL, 1305 Riggs St.,Washington,D.C.
EXCHANGE.—For best offer of Columbian
postage stamps. Dante’s Inferno 74 illustra-
tions. Bible Gallery 100 illustrations, both 10x12
in., Medical Adviser 1008 pages illustrated.
Milton’s Paradise lost illustrated. Address.
THEODORE GINGO, Bernard, Dub. Co., Iowa.
TO EXCHANGE.—One Tin type camera and
one Steven’s pistol 22 cal. Will sell for cash or
exchange for ‘“‘Columbian” stamps or Indian
relics. Have some rare Confederate stamps
Will sell at 12 Catalogue rates. Agents 50 per
cent. commission. Willpay cash for cancelled
Columbian Stamps. Write for my price list.
W. C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala,
290
A FERRET is wanted by WILLIE LABOR,
798 Ist Ave., Lansingburg, N. Y.
WANTED.—A pair of strapped climbing
jrons ih good condition Will give inex°hange
first-class sets with data of Long-eared Owl 1-4,
Cooper’s Hawk 1-4 and Red-tail Hawk 1-3. All
answered. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Sum-
mit Ave., St. Paul, Minn.
WANTED.—To exchange Ist Class sets of eggs
with data of Southern Californian birds with
collectors of other localties. E. A. SHIVER,
2)42 4th St., San Diego, Calif.
FOR SALE—My collection of birds eggs, sets
and singles, and shells (mostly land.) Value
about one hundred dollars ($100.00), few dupli-
cates. Those meaning business, enclose stamp
for list. No exchange. FRED H. ANDRUS,
Elkton, Douglas Co., Ore.
“Dp Wlute. Ger. Silver Trimmed. Cost $8,
for, Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Manuel, or other
book on Oology or cash, $5.00. C. F. STONE,
Branchport, N. Y.
FOR EVERY perfect Indian Bird Arrow
Point sent me. I will send a well polished spec: -
men of Orange Wood, MORSE HUMHE, Dear-
born. Mich.
HAVE several lbs. minerals and fossils also
enriosities nests, few eggs, coins. etc., not sold
yet. Willgo cheap for cash. Clarionet in A.
{.. P. body type in good condition. R.M. DAL-
RYMPLE, Baker, O.
CHOICH STAMPS to exchange for eggs in
sets and singles. Will give good exchange for
copy of Coues’ Key, also cash for same. Send
offers. EF. McKay, Girard, Kan. é
SAY YOU! Wait a Minute! Every one
sending me $t I will send free by registered
mail 1 Confederate stamp listed at $3; or for
20c. I will send one lisited at 50c. Old .U. S.
stampsfor sale cheap. Agents send for my
approved sheets 50 per cent. commission. I
will pay cash for cancelled Columbian stamps.
W.C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala.
NOTICE.—I have two Emue eggs to trade,
one for best offer in eggs, (Singles) and the
other for best offer in tree climbers. W. H.
HILGLER, 147 W. 238d St., Los Angeles, Calif.
WILL exchange a 3c. green playing cards
valued at 2.50 for best offer in eggs. SAMUEL
BARLBEU, Rising Sun, Md.
I HAVE a fine collection of strictly first-class
sets for sale at two-fifths New Standard Cata-
logue prices. Parties meaning business write
for lists. No attention paid to cards. L. J.
DRENNAN. New Sharon, Iowa.
FOR EXCHANGE.—6 doz Monroe Ink Eras-
ing Pencils, also 4 of the Large Columbian
Watches, gold plated, value $1.50e a, just the
thing for collectors. Send list to pick from.
CHARLES TUCKER, 84 St. Gregory St., Mt.
Adams, Cincinnati, Ohio.
A selected nest anda Set of two eggs, with
fulland original data of Black-chinned Hum-
mingbird sent postpaid for % .65. Ihave a few
sets of 4% 44 Arctic Terns left at $ .06 per egg.
A set of each Roseate, Common and Arctic
Terns for $ .88. The holes in these eggs are a
trifle large and I have decided to closes them
out at cost. Five first-class bird Skins, no two
alike, tor $ .55. Everything postpaid, JAMES
P, BABBITT, Taunton, Mass.
THE OOLOGIST.
WANTED at once, 10,000 skins of the honest
grade, called “‘trash” and ‘‘sweepings.” This
grade of skins are not fit for cabinets or Col-
lections, and collectors who have any on hand
they would like to exchange for good. first-class
specimens, please write stating how many you
have. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass.
FOR SALE or EXCHANGH.—Large number
mounted birds, first-class work. correspon-
dence solicited. WM. MICHELFELDER, Tax-
idermist, Elizabeth, N. J.
WANTED.—Spear Head Tobacco Tags, ~ will
give good value for same,in all kinds of Natur-
al History specimens. A. MOWBRAY SEM-
PLE, Poynette, Wis.
DAVIE’S Nests and Eggs,paper, last edition;
Birds of Minnesota, by Hatch, Lattin’s Stand-
ard Catalogue, and various O. and O. papers to
exchange for books on Ornithology. WM. H.
FISHER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore. Md.
I HAVE a collection of California and East-
ern eggs in sets with complete data amounting
to $92. catalogue prices, and singles worth $11;
a Coues’ Key in fine condition and Davie’s
Nests and Eggs, clothbound as good as new,
in latest edition; also Taxidermist and Oolo-
gical tools. nests, etc. Will sell for best offer
in cash or a good revolver. Would sell’ books,
collection of singles, etc. senarately. All an-
swered. Nocards, WM. J. ROLEER, San Ber
nardino, Calif.
WANTED.—Spearhead Tobacco Tags in lots
of 10 or more. Will give loz. garnet sand, or
25 Periwinkles from Lake Erie for every 10
sent. A. R. OGDEN, Brocton, N. Y.
A BARGAIN.—Collection tube 38 cal. for 12
ga. gun, 100 brass shells, loader, wad.cutter de-
capper and 200 primers. As goodas new. Will
sell cheap. E. B. SCHRAGEH, Pontiac, Mich.
WANTED.—Old Glory Cheroot certificates,
will give foreign stamps, Chines? coins and
eggs, or will pay 10 cts.each for same. F. R.
NOBLE, Nashville, Tenn.
WANTED. Orders for birds in the meat.
During the winter months I can furnish many
birds—20 kinds of ducks. hawks, owls, ete.. etc., -
at very low rates. Send for price list. W. R.
BROWN, Milton, Wis.
FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Vols. 1, 2,3, 4
andd“The Auk” bound. Vols. 6 and 7 un-
bound. Vols. 1,2 and 3 ‘‘Random Notes on Na-
tural History.” Vols. 1 YOUNG OOLOGIST and
6.7, 8,9 and 10to date OOLOGIST: also the A. O.
U. Code and Check list. HOWARD H. MC-
ADAMS, Oak Bay, N. B.
FOR EXCHANGE. I have the following
sets to exchange for Sets not in my collection.
Meadow-Lark 1-5, Black Vulture 1-2,Chachalaca
1-3, Yell. bil. Cuckoo 1-4 1-5. Cardinal 1-4. Red-
wing Blackbird 1-4, Brown Thrasher .-4,Mourn-
ing Dove 1-2, Catbird 1-38, Blue Grosbeak 1-8,
Yell. Breasted Chat 1-4, Crow 1-4. Green Heron
1-4, Field Lark 1-4. English Sparrow 1-4.
JAMES NEWELL, JR., Carthage, Mo.
WANTED.—To exchange a collection of birds
eggs value $75. or more, between 200 and 300 var-
ieties, about 600 in all, part are second class in
that they are end blown. Also some rare U.S.
stamps and Indian relics, ete., Books, Papers
and everything used by a taxidermist or oolo-
gist. All for a good safety bicycle, gun, pistol.
or will sell for cash. A great bargain. Address,
ARTHUR DUGAN, First National Bank, West
Point, Miss.
THE OOLOGIST.
WANTED.—A collection of perfect Indian
arrow heads. with proper data, from New Eng-
land States. Upper or Lower Canada. State
terms. L. P. WILLIAMS, Redlands, Cal.
NOTICE.—Persons having any U. S. Colum-
bian postage stamps of the higher values to ex-
change for U. S. stamps, Indian relics. etc.; or
to sell, should write to GUY JOHNSTON,
Eagle Hotel, Grand Rapids, Mich.
I HAVE several founts of type, in good con-
dition, and Century Magazine to exchange for
eges in sets, Shot Gun, Rifle, Davie’s Key, etc.
ROY CRIHFIELD, Avlanta, Ill.
ILLINOIS. I would like the names and ad-
dress of all interested in Ornithology and Oolo-
gy, who have not already had correspondence
With me, located in the northwestern and th
eastern south central of this State, also from
near the above from adjacent States. W. 4.
LOUCKS, Peoria, Ills.
KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new
upon which the seal has never been broken and
loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry-
ing case. Cost $32.50. Will exchange for Side-
board of equal value, or sell for $25.00 cash.
ee ERaNE H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans
Ov Nes.
NOTICE.—I have Ridgway’s Manual, Ridg-
way’s Nomenclature of Colors, Langille’s Our
Birds in Haunts, Davie’s Nests and Eggs of N.
A. Birds, Burrough’s works, Miller’s In Nest-
ing Time, and other books on Ornithology for
sale cheap for cash or exchange for books on
Human Anatomy or Physiology. Make an of-”
fer. EDW. P. CARLTON, 1019 University Ave.,
Madison, Wis.
“INSTITUTIONES REI HARBARIA:” 3
large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719.
Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III,
each contain about 250 pages of illustrations.
Will exchange for $10.00 with of standard books
on Natural History (ornithology preferred) on
back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN,
, Albion, N. Y.
THE NIDIOLOGIST is the only illustrated
monthly magazine of ornithology in America.
Each issue contains four or five, or more, beau-
tiful reproductions of nesting sites or of living
. birds, with articles of striking interest from the
best Collectors and ornithologists; 16 pages and
cover; one dollar per year, with free exchange
notice. Some of the illustrated articles which
have already appeared are: A Rookery of the
Man-o-war Bird, Nesting of Nuttall’sWoodpeck-
er, A Trip to the Farallone Islands, Nesting of
the Cinnamon Teal, A Rookery of the Great
Blue Heron, Dr. Morris Gibbs (half-tone por-
trait), Nesting of the Mallard Duck, Nesting of
the Flamingo. Prominent among articles in
the December number, will be one by Dr. R. W.
Shufeldt on ‘“‘Remodeling the Great Auk’ (3
half-tones of Great Auk and King Penguinns.)
Says Robert Ridgway, ‘I like your magazine
very much. The illustrations are particularly
valuable.’ A sample copy to you for 10 cents,
Silver; but better subscribe now and get the
back numbers while they last. Address, H. R.
TAYLOR, or NIDIOLOGIST. Alameda, Calif.
H.-H. & C- S. Brimley,
Collectors,
Raleigh, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists,
291
COUES’ “KEY TON. A. BIRDS,” which we
send prepaid for $7.50 would make one of the
most desirable Xmus Gifts you could possibly
make a Bird-loving Friend. This would ap-
ply equally well to either of the following stan-
dard publications: Ridgway’s ‘Manual of N.
A. Birds,” at $7.50. Goss’s ‘‘Birds of Kansas,”
at $6.00. Hornaday’s ‘Taxidermy and Zoologi-
cal Collecting,” at $2.50. Langille’s “Our Birds
in their Haunts,” at $2.25. Davie’s ‘Nests and
Begs of N. A. Birds,” cloth. at $1.75. Or better
still, Capt. Bendire’s new ‘Life Histories of N.
A. Birds,’ PartI, at $10.00. Or the OOLOGIST
for 1892, bound in cloth at $1.00. We can fur-
nish any of these and many others. F. H.
LATTIN &. CO., Albion. N. Y., or 3571 Cottage
Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills.
TR AYS If you want any of those extra
ie heavy alligator covered
square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec-
tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any
size from 3 in.x3 in. to 8in.x 8in. We will ship
by express at your expense in well assorted
nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if
you order special sizes and do not leave the
assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per
100 or $15.00 per 1000. ;
Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices,
are less than cost.
Weean furnish 3in.x3in..4in.x4 in.,5in.xd5in.,
6 in.x6 in.. 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in.
Order Quick if you want any of the World’s
Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS.
Can coin big money. Bran new
plan. .Great craze. Just out.
“Good side line.” Biggest chance ©
ever offered agents.salary or Com-
Goods
mission. Be quick. on
credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUL-
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust,Phila.,Pa.
Circulars Cents
Printed. ! per
foresee: {O00
For particulars address A.M. EDDY,
Specialty Printer, Albion, N.Y.
M Made in all styles and sizes, Lightest,
x strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, fF
Hl most accurate, most compact, and most
@ modern. For sale by all dealers in arms.
Catalogues mailed free by
The Marlin Fire Arms Co.,
NEw HAven, Conn., U.S.
Tae
$10,000 "am
IE
In Shells, Curios, Specimens,
and Souvenir Goods
during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and
this stock is a Surplus one.
The above hits our case exactly and we have more “than. this
amount ‘‘tied up’ insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the
expense of shipping them there.
If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10,
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup-
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col-
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up-
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a
full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly
50 per cent. Less
«_ Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.»
Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up-
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars.
Address us.at either: Albion, N. Y.,,or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove
Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will
pay you.
Faithfully,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
_ THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. X. ALBION, N
Some Notes on the Wild Turkey.
One of the greatest gifts which Amer-
ica has bestowed upon the world is the
Turkey.
We are told that it was first taken
from this country by aSpaniard who in
‘the sixteenth century removed a few
from Mexico to Spain. Afterwards it
was imported into France and England.
These magnificent birds were once dis-
tributed generally throughout Eastern
and Central United States; but being
such large and handsome game birds
their forms have disappeared from
many parts of our country. A good
many years ago when this portion of
North Carolina was new, Turkeys were
abundant. But the single farms be-
came settlements and settlements grew
to towns, and as time went on the coun-
try became more and more thickly peo-
pled. As white men increased Turkeys
decreased. Some years ago by a new
stock law all cattle were obliged to be
kept up instead of being allowed to run
at large as they had hitberto done.
“This was the salvation of the Turkey,
for a time at least. The old out-lying
sage fields were no longer burned over
to provide fresh pasture lands, and the
long grass and underbrush that had
been kept down by the cattle sprang up
thickly, thus affording cover for the
‘persecuted fowls. Their numbers in
this section have since then increased.
I have even shot at wild Turkeys in the
Spring within sound of the college bell.
An old hunter named Jessup with his
two sons, living a few miles north of
here, for the last four or five years kill-
ed forty or fifty Turkeys each season.
One of the boys alone bagged over thir-
ty Jast winter. They report, however,
that each winter they are obliged to go
S NG UNKON AG leh}.
NO. 11
farther and hunt closer than was nec-
essary the winter before. During the
Christmas holidays of ‘91 three of the
students and myself who remained over
for the spring term, started off for a
Turkey hunt. I was promised all the
Turkeys that should be killed by the
party for specimens. Our plan was to
reach Jessup’s about dark, get one of
the boys to accompany us, push on
four or five miles into the very heart of
the Turkey country and camp for the
night in the woods. Arriving at the
old ‘‘Tar-heel’s” house a little after
dark, the old gentleman amuse us by
telling of his war experiences, while
Dan was busy loading his shells. After
half an hourspent in relating thrilling
adventures, he paused and sat looking
into the fire fighting over again in his
mind the battles of ’63 and ’64. One of
the boys taking advantage of the sil-
ence said, “Mr. Jessup were you in the
battle of Marathon?” ‘Wall no,’ re-
plied the old man, ‘‘I war in Lee’s army
and dat battle wer fought: over in Vir-
ginia somewhar, I heared about hit at ~
de time.”’—
Just at daybreak next morning Dan
and myself parted’ company in the
woods. I crossed a creek and went up
on the hill according to his directions,
while he went farther down. The
other three men were posted back up
the creek. Upon reaching the heavy
growth of pines to which I had heen
directed, I threw myself down upon
the pine needles, Jet my heels kick
about in the air and munched the re-
menants of my last biscuit. Only a
few’ minutes had elapsed when there
was a sound of heavy flapping and three
ereat birds sailed by; one alighting in a
tree within ten yards of where I lay;
the other two passed farther up the
ereek and likewise lit. Cautiously ris-
294
ing and taking rest on the side of a tree
an ounce and a half of large shot was
soon whizzing full at it’s breast. Rush-
ing out from under the smoke with ex-
tended arms prepared to catch it as it
fell l was somewhat surprised not to
say shocked to see my bird flopping off
over the tree tops and on up the creek
after the others. Presently Dan came
by and went on up the creek. Ina few
minutes his gun spoke and a little later
he fired again. Before long he appeared
carrying a fine Turkey hen by the neck.
Upon approaching he remarked, Gillie,
here is a fine Turkey for you to stuff,
*hant hurt a bit for stufftin, I shot her in
the head a purpose for yon.’ The back
of the head and skin for four inches
down the neck was all shot away,—a
nice specimen indeed.
It began drizzling rain soon and al-
though Turkeys were seen twice after
this, luck for the day was gone. The
tail ef that Turkey hen I still preserve
as a memento of the trip. Last Novem-
ber, the day before Thanksgiving, Dan
drove up in his spring wagon with a
handsome pair of Turkeys. So all
Thanksgiving day and for two succeed-
ing days there were the sounds of nail-
ing, filing, and other sounds which ac-
company the mounting of large birds.
The measurements of the ma e were as
follows, length 47 inches, extended
wings 62 inches, tail 17 inches, spurs
1 inch, weight twenty-four hours after
being killed 16 pounds. The other was
a young bird weighing only 8 pounds.
T. GILBERT PEARSON,
Guilford College, N.C.
Raptores of Michigan.
By SCOLOPAX.
AMERICAN ROUGH-LEGGED Hawk. Ar-
chibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmel)
This largest of our Hawks can never be
considered as common in our state, and
though all collectors of experience have
THE OOLOG.ST.
met with it, yet there are two or three
published lists of Michigan birds which
fail to embrace it. It has been known
here since Sager’s pioneer list was pub-
lished in 1839, and has been recorded
in nearly all the more recent catalogues
of Michigan birds as well as by Dr.
Miles, 1860.
Only one authority, Covert, gives this
Hawk as ‘‘very common ‘in the fall,”
which is undoubtedly an error. I do
not think the bird is ever common in
our state. It is evidently a transient
with us, appearing in February, March
and into April on its way north, and
aindoubtedly passing to the extreme.
north, or at least into British territory
to breed. Returning south it is more
common in November, but is found in
October and also in December.
My lamented friend Dr. Atkins re-
ported finding a nest of this Hawk in
Ingham Co., May 18, 1876 but the note
is not reliable, the doctor having
evidently erred in his identification.
Ludwig Kumlein of Milton College,
Wisconsin also reports finding two
nests in Wisconsin.
It is fair to say that this Hawk does
not nest in the Great Lake Region in
the States, if at all, at least so rarely
that nothing is known of its breeding
habits in Michigan or adjacent states.
Mr. R. MacFarlane took a set of two
eggs June 9, 1864 on the Anderson River
in Arctic America and everything in-
dicates that the species nests at least
north of the fiftieth parallel.
Jerome Trombley records this Hawk
as an occasioual spring visitor to Mon-
roe County in the south-eastern corner
of the state. Later he says in direct
contradicton. ‘‘Rare, and only in
winter.’ A. H. Boies captured a spec-
imen in Lenawee County, Noy. 5, 1879.
In Kalamazoo County it has been taken
as late as April 17thin the spring and
on December 22d in the fall migrations.
A large female specimen brought to me
in the winter contained all the parts of
THE OOLOGIST. 295,
a full-sized red squirrel which had been
but slightly mutilated. It has been rec-
orded from Iron Mountain, U. P- Oct.
20, 92. S.E. White records the bird
from Kent County and Macinac Island.
We can safely say that this Hawk is
quite generally distributed over our
state both spring and fall; and it is
equally fair to assert that it is very
rarely or never seen within our bound-
aries in Jnne, July and August. Col-
lectors of Michigan know nothing of its
eggs.
GOLDEN EAGLE, Aquills chrysaetos
(Linn). The earlier lists do not em-
brace this Eagle as a Michigan species.
Sager, 1839 and Miles 1860 both omit
it in the Geological Report of the State.
D. D. Hughes records the capture of
two specimens. Many records have
reached me which I feel unsafe in giv-
ing, for 1 am aware that the error is
not rarely made of mistaking the im-
mature (total brown) plumage of the
Bald Eagle for the Golden. This is so
common a mistake that I will mention
a mark of identity so that your readers
will not fall into the same error. In
the Golden Eagle the tarsus, which is
exposed in the Bald Eagle, is feathered
to the toes.
This bird though a rare straggler
frony the North, has been taken often
enough in various parts of the State, to
the extreme Southern border, to con-
vince us that it is quite well distributed
in its wanderings. Butler in his ‘Birds
of Indiana’ credits it as a ‘‘winter vis-
itor’’ in that state.
One authet vives it the probabili y
of nesting in our Upper eninsula,
which seems reasonable when we learn
that ‘sEagle is known to be a resi-
dent in aine, New Hampshire and
Vermont. None of these states extend
as far north as Michigan; however it
must be borne in mind that there are
many mountain sections in New Eng-
land, whereas the Eagles who prefer
such a surface, are denied territory of
this nature in the Peninsular State.
As soon as records can be regularly
made in May and June it will be fair to
consider the Golden Eagle a resident
but as long as the captures range from
November to March only we must doubt
the propriety of recording it as breed-
ing.
BALD EAGLE; WHITE-HEADED EAGLE,
Hualiwetus leucocephalus. (Linn). This
majestic bird is comparitively well
known to all veteran collectors and
hunters, for,although it is now generally
a straggler, or, perhaps, we may say,
migrant, or transient in Michigan,south
of the 48d parallel, still itis seen often
enough, more particularly in the
autumn, to be looked upon as a bird of
even our southern boundary. I have
heard so many stories about Eagle’s
nests within a few miles of this city
that I do not feel like disputing the as-
sertions; still all of the reported nesting
sites which I have looked up have prov-
en to be deserted. There is no doubt
that the Bald-headed Eagle once reared
its young about the lakes of the interior
of the extreme southern part of the
state as it is now found breeding at the
north. Butler in his ‘Birds of Indiana’
says that this Eagle is still locally dis-
tributed in that state, and reports that
it has been found nesting in six coun-
ties.
Young were taken in Ingham County
Michigan and the birds raised to matur-
ity by Professor W. K. Kedzie of the
Agricultural College. At the north the
birds are well known and numerous in-
stances of nesting are recorded. As an
illustration of the variation in the nest-
ing time of birds in different localities
the following notes are offered: In
March, 1891 two full-grown young Bald
Eagles were shown me in confinement
on the Indian River, Florida. When
we consider the time required to hatch
the eggs and bring the nestlings to this
advanced stage, at least twelve to four-
296
teen weeks, we may assert that the first
egg was laid by December first. In late
July of the same year I saw an equal
sized pair of young Eagles which were
but just removed fromthe nest on the
Cheneaux Islands, Macinac Straits in
the Great, Lakes. These instances show
difference of three to four months in the
time of nesting between Northern Mich-
igan and Middle Florida.
AMBRICAN BARN Owl, Sérix pratin-
colv Bonaparte. Thisis a rare Michi-
gan species and I cannot add any notes
concerning it as I have never met with
the bird. Jam perfectly satished hat
a humber of notes which have been
given me by inaccurate observers, re-
ferred to some other species, more pro-
bably the Barred Owl.
A. H. Boies records it from Southern
Michigan and says it is a resident. Cov-
ert mentions this Owl.as ‘‘an acciden al
visitor.’ J. D. Allen shot one in Va
Buren County. Chas. E. Bendire in the
Smithsonian Contribution to Know-
-ledge, Vol. xxviii p. 825 says this Owl
is found at Saul Ste. Marie.
It is highly probable that the Barn
Owl
is only a strageler within our
boundaries.
AMBPRICAN LONG-EARED Owl, —+
With the Prairie Warbler.
By THEODORE W. RicHARDS, M. D.
Of the various birds breeding here-
abouts which from an Odlogist’s stand-
point may be called ‘‘desirable’’ none
can be found to better advantage than
the Prairie Warbler. Arriving about
the third week in April they soon be-
come fairly common,and although many
are but transients bound further north
enough remain throughout the summer
to make them the most numerous fam-
ily, excepting of course the ever present
Summer Warbler and perhaps the Black
and White Creeper. But in spite of
their numbers they are far from con-
spicuous for besides their shy and re-
tiring ways they are decidedly local in
distribution and are prone to monopol-
ize certain chosen spots to the entire ex-
clusion of many others apparently
quite as desirable. And thisis a trait,
by the way, often noticeable in.a less
degree with many other birds not com-
monly regarded as sociable or inclined
to colonize. I have no doubt this is
largely a matter of food supply some
places being more infested with their
icsect prey than others.
Once having located such a place dur-
ing the breeding season the finding of
the nests themselves is a matter of little
difficulty to the ardent collector who
has properly cultivated his ‘‘odlogieal
eye,’’? and I shall always remember with
keenest pleasure my first experience in
such a spot. A large hilly field*had be-
come overgrown with low, thick, serub
298
by oak and hickory saplings with here
‘and there a small pine shrub, the whole
forming a perfect paradiso for the
Prairies, whose queer little wiry notes
‘could constantly be heard. These notes
are quite characteristic and easily re-
cognized and are apt to be the only clue
‘to the auther’s whereabouts, for discolor
evidently has no wish to be ‘‘seen and
not heard,’’ but quite the reverse.
In their choice of nesting sites they
again show little diversity, for with few
exceptions the nests are built within
five or six feet of the ground, usually in
an upright crotch of three branches
rather than two. One nest, the first
found, was within one foot and a half
of the ground. JI may mention here,
however, a case coming under my ob-
servation in north-eastern Pennsylvania
which is quite exceptional so far as my
experience runs, namely a gnest of this
species in the very tip top of a maple,
at least fifty feet high. It was quite in-
visible from the ground and was only
discovered by chance during an unsuc-
-cesful prey upon a pair of Hummers,
whose bunch of lichen, alas, was unas-
sailable by anything short of wings.
Although in the locality referred to
above most of our specimens were tak-
en in the hardwood saplings, a large
proportion of the scattering pines also
held nests.
While as has been mentioned the
birds are usually shy and retiring, they
are fearless enough when the nest is
onee obviously discovered, and once
they decide upon a nesting site they
cling to it with great attachment, for
though we frequently disturbed them
while building or flured them from in-
‘complete sets in no instance did the
parents abandon nest or eggs as so fre-
quently happens with some species.
The nests themselves are quite firm
and compact but hardly so neatly put
together as one would expect from such
trim little housekeepers, and usually
there was little trouble in distinguish-
THE OOLOGIST.
ing them from those of the Summer
Yellow Bird, which also nested abund-
antly.
The number of eggs was four ex-
cept two sets of three, no nest holding
five though according to most collectors
this is not uncommon.
As last season J had no opportunity
to visit my Prairies, next year I will
pay them special attention to attone for
my apparent neglect.
Migration.
The so called migratory instinet in
birds has occasioned much speculation
among thoughtful persons. A great
deal has been written on this subject,
but the basis of truth, I believe, has not,
as yet, been satisfactorily reached. It
is a remarkable and a well established
fact that certain birds journey from
one locality to another at particular sea-
sons of the year and also that a period-
icity of motion is observed. In fact,
custom has made this periodical return
of the birds of passage to there old
haunts so certain that ornithologists are
able to forecast, within afew days, the
time such and such birds are to arrive.
Further that the motion of many of the
migratory birds is augmented or re-
tarded, according to circumstances, by
meteorological changes, has been sub-
stantially corroborated. That knowl-
edge and reason are used by the birds
during their migrations is very evident,
but it has been found necessary, as a
rule, to revert to instinet to account for
the fundimentalimpetus which governs
their seasonal movement.
When we observe or learn of the
movements of the Bald Eagle, the Os-
prey or any of the other large birds
which habitually frequent the sea-coast
or large water courses we do not won-
der that they are able to winter ina
semi-tropical clime and to return to
their old breeding places in the spring.
These birds can easily follow the sea -
THE COLOGIST. 299
‘coast in the eastand west, and the great
river and its tributaries in the Mississ-
ippi valley. But when instances come
to our notice that the minute hummers
have been known to return to the same
tree ufter wintering in the far south we
vannot do otherwise than to marvel
thereat.
Then we recall to mind the story that
is told of a stork that was captured on
or near its nest in Germany. The cap-
tor put a copper band bearing date,
town and country on the bird’s leg and
then the prisoner was liberated. This
was astrange thing to do but it was pro-
ductive of a wonderful result. The
next spring a stork returned to the same
German breeding place and the captor
of the previous year caught the newly
arrived bird. The captor was much
surprised to note that the new comer
bore two copper bands on one leg.
The first was the ring put on the year
before, and it showed that the intelli-
gent bird had returned to his old home.
The second band told where the stork
had been. An inscription on the ring
read as follows ‘ India sends greeting
to Germany.’ This evidenced the fact
that the bird had been subjected to the
indignity of capture in his Indian home,
and there burdened with a second band.
The first, no doubt, instigated the put-
ting on of the second.
Many wonderful espisodes of bird
life, bearing on migration, might be
mentioned but space forbids.
Now as to the primary canse of the
impulse which starts the birds to seek
a change of climate. No doubt but
what there is an occult sense possessed
by them that we are unacqnainted with,
and it must be very acute as it evidences
a very delicate perception of thermal
and moisture air currents. This sense
is particularly apparent among the sea-
birds, as some species are iniallable
harbingers of an approaching stcrm.
Old sailors often have more faith in
them as prognosticators, than in the
most modern barometers.
To advance my theory regarding the
aforementioned reason and knowledge
as displayed by the migratory birds, I
will say that they know that their heat
and light are delivered from the sun;
they know that when the solar orb ap-.
parently sinks below the western hor-
izon that the light is soon superceded
by darkness and that a lower temper-
ature is to prevail; they know that when
the sun again appears daylight and
warmth returns. When after the sum-
mer solstic the great master of our sys-
tem seems to recede, the factis noticed
by them, and when the nights get too
cold in the autumn the migratory birds
move towards the apperantly retrograd-
ing orb until a zone of warmth suflici-
ent to satiate there bodily needs is
reached. Of course, the sun all of the
time appears to move from east to west
but the birds know that his path across
the sky lies to the south, and so they
intelligently journey in that direction.
A great deal of migrating is done by
night wnen the sun is absent and the
birds cannot then use him for their
guide, but we will assume that they
are able to maintain the general direc-
tion of the great autumnal migration
even if their shining light does divide
his time with them and their antipodal
congeners:
In the spring when the sun seems to
_ be moving north, the birds of passage,
when the heat becomes too great for
their comfort, move away from the
solar orb until a clime congenial to
them physically is reached, which rep-
resents their northern or southern
home. 5;
The time and departure of the various
Species is probably governed by their
constitutions. That is, those that stay
the latest in autumn and arrive first in
the spring are the most hardy birds.
Certain northern birds such as the
Pine Grosbeak, Northern Waxwing,
Crossbills etc. are only seen in south-
ern New England in extremely cold
winters.
300 THE OOLOGIST.
An abundance of some particular
food often detains certain birds in the
locality where it occurs, but in general
the movements of the feathered tribe
are influenced by heat and cold, and
I think facts will support my thory that
the sun isthe guide of the migratory
birds in the great spring and autumn
movements.
The ingress of cold air with a wind
from the north, and the influx of warm
eurrents with southern breezes may
teach the birds something, also change
of folige, and old experienced birds
may assist their youngar companions
in migrating, but these are but minor
influences, in comparison with that
potent force exerted by our great cen-
tral luminary.
> +
Sharp-shinned Hawk.
Of the sworn enemies to the farmer,
among this class of birds one of the
most prominent is the Sharp-shined
Hawk (Aceipiter velox). It’s distribu-
tion may be said to generally corres-
pond to that of it’s victim, the farmer,
and in spite of all the persecution he
endeavors to heap upon it the little
Hawk continues to prosper and multi-
ply, and is found distributea all over
the United States, the British provin-
ees, and is said to have even reached
the icy regions of the Artic circle.
The food of the Sharp-shinned Hawk
consists mainly of small birds which it
devours in large numbers, including
the English Sparrow, certainly a re-
deeming trait for the Hawk.
This Hawk begins to nest in this loc-
ality about the middle of May, gener-
ally selecting as a building site some
one of our coniferous trees, such as
hemlock or cedar. It has also been
claimed that this species will occasion-
ally nidificate on rocks and in the cava-
ties of trees.
The first set of eggs of the Sharp-
shined Hawk that I ever obtained was
during the season of 1889 in Chester
county, Pa. A friend and myself had .
long searched for a set of eggs of this
bird but our efforts: had always been in
vain, until one day I was able to an-
nounce to him that [had found a pair
of Sharp-shinned Hawks building, he de-
clared that I was mistaken ‘it was some
other bird,’’ he said ‘‘probably a Coop-
er’s Hawk.’’ However, I paid, oceas-
ional visits to the locality, watched the
birds and on May 28d, my friend ac-
companing me went to the place, looal-
ly known as Cedar Woods, and ob-
tained a fine set of four eggs of the
Sharp-shinned Hawk. The nest was
placed in a cedar tree, about twenty
feet up, and composed entirely of small
twigs, with a ‘slight depression on the
top to receive the eggs.
Some writers assert that leaves, grass,
moss, ete. enter into the composition of
the nest but such was not the case in
this one I found. Nests that I have since
seen were built in the manner of the
one above.
The Sharp-shinned Havk is quite
plentiful in Pennsylvania but can hard-
ly be called common as a breeding bird,
at least itis not so in this portion of
the State.
I know of but three other sets haying
been taken in Chester county, two sets
of five eggs each by Dr. Warren, State
Ornithologist, and one set of three eggs
by Mr. Thos. H. Jackson of West
Chester. W. E. Rorzet, M. D.
Narberth, Pa.
>t t
Bluebirds of California.
The Bluebirds are’ represented inCali-
fornia by-two species, Sialia mexicana
and S. arctica; the latter of which is
rather the scarcer. In this, the south
ern part of the State, they both nest in
the mountains, but during the winter
they come down into the village. Here
they generally frequent the orchards
and vineyards, especially the vineyards,
but very seldom if ever do they, as east-
ern birds, come around human _ habita-
tion. The time of their migration
seems to be governed by the weather of
the mountains, for soon after the first
snow in the moutains, they, with the
Robins, are to be found in the village.
Rost. E. SNODGRASS,
Ontario, Cal.
The Texas Sea-side Finch.
April 19, 1892 found me in a large salt
marsh looking for Sparrow nests. After
a two mile tramp one nest was found,
containing four fresh eggs. The ground
color is white showing the faintest tinge
of green; the markings are small dots
sprinkled over the entire egg, mostly,
however, at the larger end, of a red-
brown color. The nest was loosely
made of dead grass, lined with finer,
and was very neatly worked in the
heart of a tussock of salt grass, 11 in-
ches above the water, which was four
inches deep. Externally. the nest meas-
ured 4¢ inches in diameter by 3 inches
high; walls 14 inches thick; bottom 1%
inches thick. Inside measured 2 inches
diameter by 1+ inches deep.
Very often the high spring tides wash
the nest away, but nothing daunted the
birds build a new nest, weaving it in
the tops of rank grass or rushes, and if
in the latter, using the leaves to dome
the nest, or rather make a rainproof
roof for it. When placed in this posi-
tion the nests are hard to find, as they
are woven of green grass in the shape
of a ball, with the entrance on one side
near the top. Asa general thing they
prefer thick grass growing on edge of
a small bayou. W. E. GROVER!
Galveston, Texas.
302
Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven,
Baltimore Cc-, Md.
Lake Roland, one of our Reservoirs,
is situated seven milesfrom Baltimore,
on the line of the Northern Central
railroad. The elevation of water sur-
face is 225 feet above tide water and at
high water level it covers an area of 116
acres.
It is supplied by seven streams, vary-
ing in size from one of only a few inch-
es in width to one of about twenty feet
wide.
It is well stocked with Black Bass
and Carp, but they get so much natural
food that it is slow sport fishing for
them.
The long drouth in August aud Sep-
tember of the present year (1893) made
the water reach a low level of 12 ft. 9
in. below its normal depth, and laid
bare a large expanse of mud flats about
the upper end. These have been cov-
ered all summer by Shore birds of var-
ious kinds.
Another of our Reservoirs is Loch
Raven, which is about 114 miles from
Baltimore and is an enlargement of the
Gunpowder Falls, formed by damming
it up.
The following are some of the birds
noted at the two lakes from time to
time, between August 19th to Septem-
ber 4th.
Podilymbus podiceps. Pied-billed
Grebe. Three small Grebes were seen
about 200 yards out on the lake and
I took them to be of this kind.
Sterna antillarum. Least Tern.—
‘Several times while watching the birds
I saw a pair of these little Terns at
Lake Roland. They spent most of the
time flying about over the water, dart-
ing down to it at times in the shallow
places. Sometimes they would spend
a long time standing in the water
where it was only an inch or two deep.
Once I saw one of them dart down
towards a flock of small Sandpipers
THE OOLOGIST.
scattering them asif they had seen a.
Hawk.
Anas obscura. Black Duck.—A
young female of this species was shot
at the head of Lake Roland, August
28th.
Ardea herodias. Great Blue Heron.
Almost the whole summer a Great Blue
Heron remained about Lake Roland,
and once J saw a pair of them. ‘They
were generally absent from about 10
a.m. till 3 p. m., when they would put
in their appearance and go to fishing
along the edge of the mud. On several
occasions I also saw one at Loch Raven.
Ardea virescens. Green Heron.—One
or two could always be seen about
Lake Roland, and I found them mnch
more plentiful at Loch Raven.
Nycticorax nycticorax nevius. Black-
crowned Night Heron.—August 19th
in walking through the woods near
Lake Roland I flushed a pair from the
trees. I think several pairs of these
birds nested in the vicinity of the lake
although I was unable to find the place.
Tringa minutilla. Least Sandpiper.
On several occasions I saw about twen-
ty-five of these little fellows feeding
with a flock of larger birds of various
kinds.
Ereunetes pusillus. Semipalmated
Sandpiper.—On August 19th there
were only seven of these birds at Lake
Roland, as far as I could ascertain. On
the 20th there must have been between
200 and 300, then they gradually disap-
peared until on September 4th there
were only about twenty to be seen. On
August 26th I saw ten at Loch Raven
and shot one.
Totanus melanoleucus. Greater Yel-
low-legs.—The only record I have was
a single one seen at Loch Raven Aug-
ust 26th. It was very wild and I was
uot able to secure it.
Totanus flavipes. Yellow-legs.—Aug-
ust 19th I saw a flock feeding on mud
flats at upper end of Lake Roland.
While I was watching them one over-
THE OOLOGIST. 303
head whistled and on being answered
by the others it joined them on the
mud. These were by far the tamest
and most unsuspecting of all the birds
seen about the two lakes. August 29th
saw a flock out onthe flats. September
4th there was only one to beseen.
Totanus solitarius. Solitary Sand-
piper. Quite plentiful at both lakes.
From twenty to thirty could be seen at
almost any time.
Bartramia longicauda. Bartramian
Sandpiper.—Although these were not
seen with the other birds on the flats,
I mention them as they could always
be seen sparingly in the pasture fields
about Loch Raven.
Actites macularia. Spotted Sand-
piper.—These birds were very scarce
about the lakes: they were more plen-
tiful along the banks of the streams.
Aegialites vocifera. Killdeer.—Very
plentiful abont both lakes, but especial-
ly Lake Roland. where there was a
much larger range of mud flats. On
August 19th while sitting on the
bank, I counted fifty-two in sight at
one time on a piece of mud about three
acres in extent.
Aegialitis semipalmata. Semipal-
mated Plover.—August 29th I saw
about a dozen of these little ‘‘Ring-
necks” feeding on the flats with the
other birds.
Pandion halietus carolinensis. Amer-
ican Osprey.—On several occasions I
saw a pair about Loch Raven.
Ceryle alcyon. Belted Kiugfisher.—A
few seen about both lakes.
Wo. H. FisHEr,
Baltimore, Md.
>
The Game Bird of the Prairie.
The birds of this section, Nebraska,
are to a certain extent a connecting
link between those of the east and those
of the extreme west. In many instan-
ces we find both the eastern and the
western variety of the same bird. Yet
this central section has a few birds pe-
culiar to itself. Prominentamong these
is the Prairie Hen.
In this article I shall not use scientific
terms but shall confine myself to homely
expressions and comparisons, I think I
can give a better general idea of my sub-
ject in this way than any other. No
doubt a large number of the readers of
the ‘‘ O6LoGIstT ” are scientists and per-
fectly familiar with Latin terms and
technical phrases. Yet it is reasonable
to suppose that many of the readers are
more familiar with our birds themselves
then with ornithology as a science.
Have you ever heard that peculiar
sound ealled the ‘‘ booming ” of Prairie
Chickens; probably not. In order to
hear it you must be in the country and
get up before sunrise some morning
about the first of May, this is the ma-
ting season. The birds congregate in
flocks of forty or fifty birds each and
seek some grassy ridge somewhat apart
from man, to do their love making.
The long drawn booming sound is made
by the males. They have quite a bel-
lows of loose skin on the neck which
they puff up, and tufts of feathers on
the back of the head or neck. They
erect these “horns,” lower the wings
slightly spread the tail and strut about
somewhat in the manner of a Turkey
Gobbler,—giving words to their love-
song, while the females keep time with
their ka-kar-ka-ka-kar-r-r. A friend
of mine, an old Englishman, once told
me that the males were each trying to
say ‘‘l’m-bigger-n-n-n-you ” and that
their wives were laughing at the attempt.
To sound like their booming, this big-
ger-n-n-n-you must be read slowly and
in a nasal tone, then itis a very good
counterfeit. If you approach them
openly, they take wing two or three at
a time, before you get in shot gun range
of them. What a whir of wings! For
the sake of argument we will assume
that you bag a bird or two. Let us
take alookat them. ‘They are about
304
as large as small chickens. The heads
are small, the beaks and feet nearly
black, the plumage is dark and colored
somewhat like that of the common quail.
That is the feathers are barred with
dark brown and light brown, with here
and there a yellowish tint. The wings
are small for such a heavy bird, but
they make up for that by rapidity of
motion. If you strip off the feathers
the skin is found to be decidedly dark.
In this case, color is more than skin
decp for the flesh is extreemly dark,
even after being cooked. Despite the
eolor, Prairie Chicken is of an excellent
flavor, especially if the bird is young
and ‘‘ cooked just right.”’
Duriug the winter, they congregate
in great flocks. A single flock often
contains several hundred birds. When
spring comes, they separate, each pair
seeking a home in some unfrequented
place. ‘There the nest is built on the
ground, hidden by grass so that it is ex-
tremely hard to find. In ‘‘early times,”
prairie fires were very destructive to
the nests and young. After a fire it
was no uncommcu thing to see whole
sets of scorched eggs on the bare ground.
The number of eggs in a set varies
from a dozen to over twenty: They
have the general appearance of com-
mon barn-yard guineas eggs. The col-
or being nearly the same as that which
coffee gives eggshell, although they are
sometimes dotted with dark brown.
The shell is much heavier and harder
than that of hens eggs.
If you should succeed in finding a
brood of young about a week old, you
would be surprised’at the activity they
display. It is very difficult to catch
one of these lively youngsters. The
mother gives a warning cry—away
they scurry in all directions, giving a
peculiar weeping cry. In less time
than it takes to tell it, they have vanish-
ed, and search as yon may, the chances
are that you cannot find a single one.
Judging from my experience witha
THE OOLOGIST.
shot gun, the ‘‘ bow armed Indian ”’ dic
not bag many chickens. The modern
“sport ” with his well trained dog and
his repeating shot gun is hurrying this
noble bird to the happy hunting ground.
It is not the hunting clubs nor is it the
farmer with his muzzle loader, who is
waging this war of destruction, but it
is the worthless town loafer—that mis-
erable wretch who is too lazy to work
for his living but supports (?) his family
by fishing and pot-hunting. It is this
same fellow or others of his caliber who
in many places hunt birds for their
feathers.
To make this business more despica-
ble it is generally carried on in defiance
of the law. If this slaughter continues,
the Prairie Hen will soon be numbered
with the rare birds.
This ‘‘ sport ” continues until nearly
all the chickens are killed. The few
‘lucky birds ” are very shy and lead
lonely lives until Christmas time, when
they again collect in flocks.
They are seldom hunted in winter be-
cause they fy long before the hunter
comes in range. Yet they may often
be seen feeding in cornfields or on the
buds of trees. They seem to have
a special liking for cottonwood buds
and it is no uncommon thing to see
twenty-five or thirty birdsin one tree,
in the spring time. Do not mistake my
meaning and get the impression that
Prairie Hens ‘‘ live intrees,” for they
spend nearly all their time on the
ground or flying.
With a short description of the flight
of the game bird of the prairie I will
close. It may be calleda “ buzz and a
soar.” It is accompanied by a loud
whirring nojse, unlike that produced
by and other bird that I have ever seen.
Like Bill Nyes Ostrich they have a live-
ly way of swapping time for distance.
; EO.
Yi
vo Naa
ii
THE OOLOGIST.
Sora and Virginia Rails.
Sora Ratu. A glance atthe map of
Minnesota will find many ofits counties
completely dotted with lakes and one
would naturally and rightly expect it
to be the home of an abundance of
water birds.
Of all those which breed in Hennepin
County, in which Minneapolis is locat-
ed, the Sora Rail is perhaps the most
abundant.
One cannot journey very far along a
road without coming across one of those
little ponds so common to our land-
seape with its borders of wild rice or
flags and wet meadows surrounding it.
In these the bird in question makes its
summer home and though perhaps the
ordinary passers are all unaware that
such a bird exists, the ornithologist
tramping through the grass or search-
ing among the flags will have no diffi-
culty in flushing one occasionly.
The Rail may be considered a semi-
nocturnal bird. He keeps hidden away
in the grass during the broad day but as
soon as evening approaches he comes
forth from his retreats and at twilight
you may find him in his fullest activity
moving about on the lily pads or float-
ing vegatation on the borders of these
ponds.
They do not find the least difficulty
in obtaining support, however light the
material on which they place them-
selves, a floating flag or a rice stem will
give an ample foundation and when it
is necessary to cross the clear water
they will either raise themselves in
short flight or lower themselves and
swim as does a Coot or Gallinule. The
tail, what little there is of it, is carried
erect when walking and I have seen
one in breeding time with his tail full
spread strutting about after the man-
ner of a Turkey gobbler.
_ Their arrivalis always associated in
my mind with that of the Yellow-head-
ed Blackbird aud the Coot, which in
805
this locality is a little before the first of
May.
The nesting begins as early as the
middle of May and continues into the
middle of July.
Fresh eggs can be found here about
the first of June more commonly than
at other periods.
J have found the nests situated in the
long grass of the meadows, in the flags
w1d cattails of the swamps and more
commonly inthe matted tussocks of
wild rice stocks where there is an en-
tanglement of old and new growths.
The nest is formed of grasses or weeds,
itis not very deepe inside and has a
large diameter considering the size of
the bird. IJtis placed all the way from
close proximitypto the surface to a foot
and half above it. Ten eggs may be
called an average set though they vary
considerably about this number.
When the summer dtaws to a close
the birds do not confine themselves so
much to their hidden retreats of the
breeding season but take to“the more
open rice bordered streams and lakes.
There on account of the thinness of
the wild rice they may be found at all
hours though, as I have said before, they
are more active at twilight.
The young are grown and their num-
bers are swelled so that they are much
more noticeable at this period than in
the spring.
During the present season they were
much more abundant than they have
been for four or five years past; it may
be on account of the lack of heavy
spring rains this year whichso often
raise the water over the meadows just
at the breeding season.
I visitéd a large lake some miles dis-
tant from Minneapolis early this’ fall,
for the purpose of hunting ducks.
Hundreds of Rails had gathered in the
erowth of wild rice that was scattered
from one end of the lake to the other.
Every shot from my gun’ awakened
such a series of piping notes that it was
306 THE OOLOGIST.
hardly possible to distinguish the sep-
arate cries. Even the pipirg of a sin-
gle bird would awaken the others into
giving vent to their cries, so that the
lake resounded from shore to shore.
At nightfall, as I lay with my boat
well concealed in a tussock, waiting for
the passage of ducks, the rails seemed
to be very curious about my presence
there. Several would silently gather
around mezon all sides, sometimes com-
ing in dangerous proximity to the boat,
and upon my rising suddenly, they
would all scurry off with marvelous
swiftness, literally running on the wat-
er. s
On account of the larger game not
much attention is paid to them here,
however they are much ted by boys
along the creeks near the city, and are
familiarly styled ‘‘Water Rails.”
They remain about these marshes and
streams until tne first or second week
in October when they leave for a warm-
er climate.
Audubon says, ‘‘they travel silently
and by night, and in a direct course, at
a height of only a few feet over our
broad {rivers or over level land when
their speed is such as is neyer manifest-
ed by the’'munder ordinary conditions.”
VireintA Ratz. The Virginia Rail
is not nearly so abundant here as the
Sora.” Their habits are in general simi-
Jar, otherwise than the fact that the
former are of rare occurrence on the
streams here in the autumn. They
either migrate early or keep to their
retreats of the summer.
The nests of both birds are often
built in the same places and are of
similar structure, though I have found
nests of the Virginia on the borders of
meadows some distance back from the
water One in particular was located
on the edge of what had been a pond a
few weeks earlier in the spring, but
was then completely dry and the near-
est water was at least a quarter ofa
mile away. It was simply a hollow in
f
a hummocek of earth, lined with a few
grasses and well arched over.
The complement of eggs is about the
same as that of the Sora and should not.
be confounded with them as they are
different both in the shade of the back.
ground and in the color of the mark-
ings.
Unlike the Sora Rail the bird in ques-
tion makes its presence known by an
occasional cry when one is intruding
near the nest and though she keeps.
well hidden in the grass, she remains
in the vicinity of her eggs.
H. M. GuiILrorp,
Minneapolis, Minn.
Cons,
Unusual Nesting of the Sparrow Hawk.
In the earlier part of May, I saw a
Sparrow Hawk leave a hole in one of
the banks of a small creek, near Red-
lands and on reaching it, I fcund
itto contain a set of four incubated
eggs which I took. The hole was about
15 feet from the ground and was.
12 inches in depth and conta*ned no
nest at all except some sand scraped
from the side of the hole. During May
I took another set (4) from the same
hole, which however bad been dug
deeper and a few feathers placed there-
in. I also took a set of three from
anothor hole near the above mentioned
and from which I took a set of Red-
shafted Flicker’s earlier in the season.
L. P. WILLIAMs,
Redlands, Calif.
—_—_>—_~+ <=
Notes from Maine.
June 5, 1898, I took a set of 4 Ameri-
can Ravens’ eggs on No Man’s Land
near Matinicus, Me. The eggs were all
rotten but the bird was still covering
them. ‘The fishermen said that there
had been a nest on the same island for
several years but that the birds didn’t
seem to increase.
During the first week in July I saw
THE OOLOGIST.
several flocks of Pine Siskins.—from
100 to 200 birds in a flock—in Houlton
village. They were nearly as tame as
English Sparrows.
The Searlet Tanager is evidently on
the increase in the northern tier of the
New England states. [ saw one this
month (July) as far north as Oakfield.
In the same town Rose-breasted Gros-
beaks are common We found one of
the latter perched on a picture in the
dining room of the hotel. The bird
was caught in the barn about six weeks
before. It never manifested any dis-
position to leave the house, although
the windows and doors were often
open. It sang brilliantly until it began
to moult. Ten years ago the Rose-
breasted Grosbeak was rare in Maine;
but.it has been steadily increasing, un-
til now it is to be found breeding in
nearly every section. Many of us hope
that the Scarlet Tanager will continue
to increase until it is as common as the
Grosbeak.
A Bee,
Old Orehara, Me.
Oven Birds Nest Building.
One morning while out egging I had
the pleaser of watching a pair of Oven
Birds building their nest, and the sys-
tem and order of their united labor
was very interesting.
The female kept inside, arrang-
ing the material and shaping the nest
to fit her own body, while the male
industriously worked on th» outside
bringing and placing the material, and
by their united systematic labor the
oven shaped nest progressed with sur-
prising rapidity. One rootlet which
Mr. O. B. was pulling vigorously upon
snapped suddenly giving him a double
somersault backwards before he could
regain his equilibrium; but the plucky
little fellow hung on to his root. The
next day I found the nest complete and
one fresh egg. I was so much interest-
307
ed in this pair of birds that, I allowed
them to hatch their eggs and rear their
young undisturbed.
M. D. CoorPEr,
Antrim, N. H.
><
The Bob-white.
This beautiful game bird is very abun-
dant in this locality, and is increasing
in numbers every year. They mate in
April, and in the eariy morning and in
fact, all through the day, you can hear
the love call of the male. They nest all
through the summer months, but I do
not think they raise but one brood.
They lay from 12 to 24 eggs. I found
four nests last season. One contained
24 egos, one 18, one 15 and the other 12.
The ones that contained 24, 18 and 12
were perfectly fyesh, but the one that
contained 15 was slightly incubated.
The nests are extremely hard to find,
and can only be found by mere chance
or by flushing the old bird.
H. L. HEATON,
Oberlin, Kan.
SSS
The Whip-poor-will in Stark County, [llinois-
I have often seen and heard the Whip-
poor-will in this locality but until last
year have been unable to secure any
eggs. On June 9, 1892 two friend se-
cured a nice set of two eggs of whieh I
secured one, and also a description of
On the 18th of June
I found a set of 2 eggs, probably laid by
the nest and bird.
the same bird as the set on the 9th, the
eggs were placed on the ground in a
small brush heap, there being no nest
except a slight hollow filled with leaves.
The female was on the nest and did not
fly until I was within a few feet of her.
Is this
Whip-poor-will?
not rather far north for the
BAYARD C. RHODES.
308
$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES
Will be Piesented during 1893 to
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of
THE OOLOGIST.
Each month during 1893 we _ shall
give five prizes. These prizes are to
be awarded to the five best articles ap-
pearing in each month’s ObLoGIsST.
The prizes throughout the year will
remain the same, except the first one
which will be the winner’s choice from
the unawarded articles and publications
named in the following list:
‘Coues’ “Key to North American
VOSTECG Sta eee) A eta a eae ener 37 50
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North
ANTONE OY BANAL Os Now alsa as 7 50
‘Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol-
ogy” ( (OPWOIS en ose Sain ie 8 00
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” f 7 50
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)' ‘Amer-
Gaia Orerauitinolloeny? oc odo 6 ot 7 50
Maynard’s*‘Birds of KasternNorth
America”? (text complete). 15 00
eesiine tou Irving’s Works, 10
SINAN ete eh eaten ats a 7 50
-ols
Win. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10
VOLS ese Seba ed ean a . 10 00
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25
Jenk’s “ComprehensiveCommen-
tary of the Holy Bible.” 5
large 900 paged Volumes... 25 00
Sir Walter Scott’s ‘Works, 12 vols 12 00
$10 worth of Phonogr aphic Books
and Publications|. 22.25.25. 10 00
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream
JURE AS) ol Aine A Ren Cte a nese nee 6 50
A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat-
LINO HEU E ra here eeete venenae 31 50
A Due-Bill good for$33.00towards
a new$45.00AmericanUnion
(same as New Home) Sew-
dm geralcluime jepaewisem ae es
A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards
a new $20 double case Odell
ALW OS, TEMPS 4 oo oblo o's 12 00
2nd Prize each month will be a part
of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North
America,” each containing an average
of 8 plates and 3840 pages strongly
bound in strong manila and cloth and
worth at publisher's original price not
far trom $7.50.
3d Prize—Langille’s
Their Haunts”, $3.00
4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American
Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original
price about $3.00.
5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri-
ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00.
38 00
“Our Birds in
‘of the Judges
THE OOLOGIST.
Each article receiving at least as
many credits as there are’ number of —
Judges and not winning one of the
leading prizes will be awarded the
OdLocist for 1893 bound ir cloth aud
gilt
Each article receiving at least one-
half as many credits as the number of
Judges and not. winning any other
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip-
tion to the OoLogisT.
All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or
express prepaid, except the first, which
is shipped at winner’s expense.
~_—____—__
OCTOBER CONTEST.
Thirty Judges.
Prize winners and credits : received
by each were as follows;
1. Raptores of Michigan. 135.
2. The American Woodcock, 103.
3. Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson. 54.
309
4. Auld Lang Syne. 45.
5.5 A Day in the Woods. 29.
oe9 Bird Wit and Lack of It. 29°
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. Arthur Lohman,
Wis. Lxact.
2. R.P. Gillespie, Columbus, Miss.
Heaet.
3. Everett Johnson,
Two Rivers,
Lewiston. Me.
i Ooze Gere
4, Clarence Luther, Fayetteville,
Nake leo ona
5. A. W. Baylis, Cedar Rapids, Ia.
f, Ave1o 25
The following were awarded World's
Fair Almanacs.
Robt. McPherson, Mass.
Chas. Meyers, Ohio.
Fred Parkhurst, N. Y.
Clayton Barnard, Ind.
Edmund Heller, Calif.
All prizes were mailed on Nov.
Ammunition %
Bargain!
100 10 gauge U.M.C.Co’s Paper Shot Shells $ £3
1¢00 No. 10.bIk edge Gum Wads .......-...----.-.. .»
25th.
85 20 gauge Paper Shot Shells.............-2........ %
Paay ik) feaeehye exe) SAA NSIS) (SNCS) Ste ee 1.00
100 38 extra long, solid Head Primed Shells .75
950 No. 2 Winchester Primers) -.......-..........- .30
1000 No. 12 FoiJ-lined Central Fire Percus-
STONE G Bp Sareea ae Ne ee eee eee i
900 No. 10 do do do do... .45
Any of above sent by express at purchasers
capepse at prices quoted, or entire lot for only
4,50.
F.H.LATTIN & CO.,
ALBION, N. Y.
Our New Collecting Tube or
Insertion Barrel, with
Extractor
will fit any Breech-loading ShotGun. Can fur-
nish for either 10 or 12 gauge gun.
Price,Tube, $2.50; Wad Cutter. 40c; Decapper,
30; Loader, 30c; 50 Shells, 60c; Box Primers, 25c¢
or all sent complete for only $4.00.
F.H.LATTIN & CO.,
or, 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., ALBION, N. Y.
CHICAGO.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor-
rectly named, at moderate price. HERMANN
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger-
many.
310
CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED
Publishers, ‘Patentees, Manufacturers, etc.,
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters,
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue,
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable
and permanent employment to one man,woman
or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S.
and Canada. ‘‘The early bird catches the
worm.” Wewantafew such ads. aS Brunn’s
(sample below) to start with in this month’s
MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD.
RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul-
ars, papers, samples,etc.,through-
out Blackhawk and surrounding .counties
only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN
Waterloo, Ia.
‘Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June
°90. He began during the summer. That ad.
paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept Con-
stantly busy, employs three men to assist him,
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day
distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who
employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each
send you 1000 at the same time, making 1000
packages of 10 each, for distributing which you
would promptly receive $30, 15 in advance and
$15 when work is done. Parents make your
poy apresent. Start them in this growing bus-
iness. Begin this neat business before some
one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come
in on the ground floor.”? Instructions How to
Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor
ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or postage
stamps for a 4 line ‘“‘ad.”
AGENT’S HERALD,
No. 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pa.
PRINTIN speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for naturai history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
Of all kinds for Naturalists a
THE OOLOGIST.
«_QOur Address __*
during the next few months, will be at either
ALBION, N. Y., or
No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.,
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You canaddress your orders and letters to
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°F. H. LATTIN & CO.
Nit ONLY DIRECTORY onzarc:.
Ai) Guaranteeing 30,000. kur
}||] only 10 cents (regular price
||] 25 cents.) your name, if re-
Li ceived within next 30
EN days, will be BOLDLY
ER 7 printed on gummed
? paper, and from Pub-
lishers, Manufactur-
ers and others, you
a willreceive hundreds
‘t ||| probably thousands,
of valuable Books,
K Se > Samples, Papers, Maga-
i =¢ zines, etc. All free and
\ \ Ny Wei each parcel with one of
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‘esses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.€., Dec. 6,
1891. .DEaAR S1RS—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I .
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac-
Mrers, ete. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of
fuail, from all ra of the World. J.A. WARE.
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CQ.,
Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa.
SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils,
\\ Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy,
}) Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New
London, Wis.
Niagara Falls.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaisr will visit them during the
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R..
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © -upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
bm
TAMIA AAALGMAAALAAGMAAAAALEGMAADIAALGGQAAIAALAGLGRIOALCALGQIOLIED
TAUAAIAAUALIAAUAAUAAEAAEAAOAAGAIOQAGAGAAAAAGAGAAGAAGAAALAGLAD
If you Suffer from Headache, Dyspepsia
WyeMinorded Liver ee TAKE = RIPANS TABULES
H Went: Digiwossatter Rataey, "TAKE §=RIPANS TABULES
For Offensive Breath and all Disorders
Ripans Tabules act gently but promptly upon the liver,
stomach and intestines; cleanse the system effectually; cure
dyspepsia, habitual constipation, offensive breath and head-
ache One Tabule taken at the first indication of indiges-
tion, biliousness, dizziness, distress after eating or depression
of spirits, :vill surely and quickly remove the whole diffi-
culty. :
Ripans Tabules are prepared from a prescription widely
used by the physicians, and and presented in the form most
approved by modern science.
If given a fair trial Ripans Tabules are an infallible cure;
they contain nothing and are an economical remedy.
A quarter-gross box will be sent, postage paid, on receipt
of 75 cents by the wholesale and retail agents,
Samples free on Applicationtoté’ RIPANS CHEMICAL. Co.,
UPTO ICUUTUHNNrarerveroevemererrecrevecrecerecrerrerrereerrriey
ist)
an
THE OOLOGIST. 1
MAIAALAAIAAAALAAAALAMAAALAALAALAALAMSAALAMAAALOALAMGAALAALAAMAALAMRALLALLE-
Ripans Tabules
Disease comumonly comes on with slight symptoms, which
when neglected increase in extent and gradually grow dan-
gerous.
or Indigestion, TAKE RIPANS TABULES
of the Stomach, TAKE RI PANS TABULES
One Gives Relief.
CHAS. N. CRITTENTON CO., 115 Fulton St.,
JOHN H. #RANCIS, 83 John St.
McKESS?N & ROBBINS. 91 Fulton St.,
W. H. SCHIEFFLIN & ©O., 170 William St.,
NEW YORK CITY.
Local druggists everywhere will supply the Tabules if requested to do so.
They are Easy to Take, Quick to Act a . Save Many a Doctor’s Bill.
NEW YOR CITY.
TUULMSLAALLALSAASAdSdbLLAALGUSGbSALAdLLALGbSAASAASLGbLEGbLSALASidSAbbLAdbLSNL4bSdsbsbbsGbs/Abs4dsbdbbsdbsdbAdSS
Ne
312 THE OOLOGIST.
“BIRDS of MICHIGAN”
A list of three hundred and _ thir-
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages.
JUST ISSUED!
Profuse notes. Bibliography complete.
It is in fact a work On the Birds of the Great
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol-
ogist in America.
Price, Postpaid, 75 cents.
Address
BH: GALTTIN & CO-., “Albion, N.Y.
You CAN PER
MAKE DAY
Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA!
No matter where you reside; every body
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil
particulars, which will enable you to commence
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG.
1a|
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa.
If yow want the best Typewriter, and one that will
outlast any other, communicate with us: We make
on'y a strictly high-grade Machine of the first-class---
just what we think you want. We are NOT in the Type-
ariter Trust, and do not have to pay dividends on mil-
lions of watered stock. Get our prices before pur-
chasing.
PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y.
- RENEW----
YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO
THE OOLOGIST
» - EARLY © ee
If you will send in your renewal, or subscrip-
tion to the OOLOGIST for 1894 at once, or not
later than Jan. 1st °94, and enclose 6 cents in
stamps additional, we will mail you your choice
of the following (in addition to the two cou-
pons):
1. 15 Checking Lists.
2. Lattin’s ‘Standard Catalogue of N. A.
Birds Eggs.”
3. Davie’s ‘Naturalist’s Mannual” (126 pages
of valuable information. )
. 100 assorted Datas,
5. A White Metal Blowpipe.
6. Egg of California Murre.
7. Egg of Noddy.
8. Egg Drill and Embryo Hook.
9. Black Starfish, Hchinaster sentus.
rare. - ;
10. 35c. Fossil. Scaphites nodosus, from Bad
Lands. ‘
11. 20, all different, back numbers of the
OOLOGIST.
This offer will positively close on Jan. 1st,
and will never be repeated,
Only one of the premiums can be selected for
the 6c. additional which must in every instance
accompany a subscription to the OOLOGIST for ©
1893, either new or renewal.
Should you desire more than one of the pre-
miums, you can add 15c. for each additional
one, to secure at this price, however, you must
have the order accompany your subscription or
renewal, otherwise they will cost you regular
rates, which range from 25 to 50 cents each.
Should you desire the complete set of eleven
premiums, we will send you the entire lot.
The OoLoGist for 1894 with two coupons
For Only $1.60.
Do not delay. but write at once, as these of-
fers hold good during the next
30 Days Only.
Address all letters either accepting or relat-
ing to this offer to
EF. A. LATTIN & CO.,
' ALBION, N. Y.-
The Worlds Fair at Home!
Selected Photographs, printed and
Mounted by a Professional Photogra-
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches.
Address P. F. MARCH, Fern
Bank, Hamilton County, O.
BIRDS BGG
CURIOS. §
SHELLS
Very
,
uN ef
mse Lutneeaa Cad Gad) ee SD ) \SARIED AARIEAS é
om s £
a NA © we
~~ g 6 pa ytaee
LY a
iS
Oe) ,
Monthiy.
VOL. X.
ee ee ee ee
eh
AMBION SAN] ¥5 DEC 31893:
50c. per Year.
as
NO. 12
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50¢ per 25 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 5vc.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
‘“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘** Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars (#200)
worth of specimens to my collection through
the Exchange Columns of the OOLOGIST. J.M,
KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia,
IT FIND that exc. notices in the OOLOGIST pay
me 100 per cent. better than in other papers.
EDW. WALL. San Bernardino, Callf.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Printing ovress, chase
5x7, for stamps. GHO. B. BENNETT, S. W.
cor. Beach and Lafayette, Terre Haute, Ind.
TO EXCHANGE.—$l2? worth of egos in sets
with data for postage stamps..11s0 Cigarette pic-
tures for stamps. BERYL HODGH, Sterling,
Kans.
WANTED. A first-class Incubator and
Brooder, can offer eggs of Kites, Hawks. Vul-
tures and some cash. Address, KiT ATKIN-
SON, Dime Box, Texas.
I HAVE Vol. vii, ‘““Paper and Press.’ Vols.
iv. Vv. vi. vil, “Inland Printer” for Egxs. Miner-
ajs, Fossils, Indian Relics. A. L. STEVENS,
206 Elm St., Northampton, Mass.
WRITE me lowest price Coues’ Key. Bend-
ire’s Nest and Eggs North Amer can Birds. sets
of Sharp-shinned Hawk. Pigeon Hawk Golden
Eagle or “Duck Hawk.’”? EDWARD ARNOLD,
Battle Creek. Mich. }
MUSIC\L CONTEST.—‘Protective Tariff
Grand March,”’and'Free Trad+ Grand March.”
Both pieces are beautiful. bright and showy
marches of medium difficulty for the Piano or
Organ. Price !0 cents earch at all music stores
or by mentioning the OOLOGIST they may be
procured at one-half price from WiLL L.
THOMPSON, Hast Liverpool, Ohio.
I HAVE over $16 worth of singles to exchange
for a kodak, Skins or Orn. or Tax. works. ED-
WARD WALL, San Bernardino, Cal.
FOR. EXCHANGE.—lor eggs in sets.) West-
ern or Southern prefered, an Eclipse camera,
34x44 in. A 1 condition with tripod, hardwood
carrying case printing frame holder, etc.
HAL, GIBSON, EB] Paso, Illinois.
TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of foreign
stamns and afew sets of eggs with data for
sets No. 430 and 431 with nest. P. A, MULTER,
Ashford, Catt. Co., N. Y. :
WHAT offers have I of Terns’ and Gulls’
eges for cash Have also several vols of
Youth’s Companion for eggs. ERNEST IRONS,
Council Bluffs, Ia,
CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The
edition of this magnificent work is exhausted,
we have only one copy left. Price $15 If you
want it sneak quick. F. H. LATTIN & Co., Al-
bion. N. Y.
WANTED.—To cor espond with parties who
can furnish birds in the meat this winter. Will
make exchanges, ani pay cash for desirable
specimens. No cards. WHIT HARRISON,
La Crese-nt. Ho: ston Co.. Minn. ;
FOR SATE. Black-chinned, Rufousand An-
na’s Humming birds eggs for 5Uc. with nest and
data. Sove very pretty nests among the lot.
R. H. ROBERTSON, care First Ward Grocery
House, Hast Los Angeles. Cal.
TO EXCHANGE —First class singles for sin-
gles and sets -Nothing but first-class eggs
taken. Send your list and receive mine. Ad-
adress, FRANK B. JEWEHTT. Lamanda Park,
Cal. or H A. YOUNG, Pasadena, Cal.
DAVIEH’S Egg Check List of N. A. Birds We
desire one 1r } wo copies of the First Edition in
good condition. will allow 75c. each for same in
exchange F.H. LATTIN & CO. Albion, N. Y.
EXCHANGE.—Colt’s 45 cal. revolver. in good
condition. full nickle plate, rubber handle. belt
and holster. for be-t offer in books on Ornith-
ology and Oology. excepting Coues’ Key. GUY
POTTER, 110 East 3rd St., Peru, Indiana.
NOTICE. I have over 225 varieties of first-
class eggs, a good many in sets, nearly all with
data, to exchange for a good double breech
loading shotgun. revolver, pistol, microscope,
Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s Manual, climbing
irons. Write for particulars and state what
youhaye, S, B. CRAYTON, Anderson, S. C.
314
ANY ONE wishing to purchase an Old Flint
Lock Rifle with Bayonet. complete, in fine con-
dition, write to A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth,
Medina Co., Ohio.
17 VOL. various magazines and collection
of minerals to exchange for sets, curios, climb-
ingirons orrifle. Sendfor list GUY ARMI-
TAGE, 779 Hubbard, St., Milwaukee, Wisc.
WANTE. —Sets of (A.O. U. numbers) 325,
326, 337, 365, 375, 378, 416. 420, 601, 637. 675. 676. 683,
W138. 718. 727 (all after 637 with nests if possible)in
exchange for eastern sets. J. H. BOWLES,
Ponkapog, Mass. i
KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new
upon which the seal has never been broken and
loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry-
ing case. Cost $32.50. Will sell at a sacrifice.
ae FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans
Co., N.Y.
TWO BIG BARGAINS.—A friend has left
with us his collection of eggs for sale. It con-
sists of $30 worth of desirable sets and $35 of A.
No. 1 singles. All are strictly ffrst-class and F.
H L. & Co. will see that they are properly and
carefully packed. Hither the sets or singles
will be sent by express for only $8.50 cash or
both for $1650. No exchanges entertiined.
To parties meaning business a list of species in
the collection will be sent for stamp. Address,
Bradt, care F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y.
FOR SALHE.—First-class skins of the Turkey
Buzzard. Black Vulture, Ducks,Gulls, Pelicans,
Swans, Curlews, Herons, Snipe, ete., ete I
wilfor $2 cash forward the following fresh
skins providing 50c. extra is sent to pay express
viz, Turkey Buzzard, Fox Squirrel and Mead-
ow Lark. Large orders taken at reasonable
rates. NATHAN L DAVIS, La Porte, Texas.
I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to
that one little exchange in June OoLoGist than
I did in all of several other exchange ads I ven-
tured in other papers. which cost me over #10.
ED VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan.
“INSTITUTIONES REI HERBARIA:” 3
large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719.
Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III,
each contain about 250 pages of illustrations.
Will exchange for $10 00 with of standard books
on Natural History (ornithology preferred) or
back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, N Y.
BIRDS EGGS. 25c. novels, foreign postage
stamps, rifle. minerals. fossils cigaette al-
bums, scrap book full of cards, for Columbian
(ex. 2c.), old S, Confederate and foreign
postage stamps. Indian and otber relics. R. L.
STEPHENS. Danville. Ills.
A HAND-INKING printing press, chase 12
by 15 inches, in good condition, for sale cheap,
or to exchange for eggs in sets. bird skins. or a
good collection of U.S. stamps. W. HE. SNY-
DER, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.
ANY Stimp Collector sending me stamps of
any one Country. valued at fifty cents, shall re-
Ceive the same amount in West Indian stamps
from me. G. C. ROBERTS, 1517 Christian St.,
Philadelphia, Pa.
FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.~ A 52inch Col-
umbia Light Roadster, Ball bearings a 1 around
in splendid condition, for a new Baker, Rem-
ington or other good shot gun, 12gauge. Make
offer. HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St.
Chicago, Ils.
THE OOLOGIST.
WANTED.—Indian Relics (Stone Age), I
have to offer Mounted Birds, Minerals, Eggs,
etc. I.also want a copy of Abbott’s ‘‘Stone
Age of New Jersey,”’? L. V. CASE,Naples,N.Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—HF¥irst-class singles of this
locality at 25 per cent discount for sets with
full data. Send lists. OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 S.
Hope St., Los Angeles, Cal.
CURIOSITIES and eggs from Southern Cal-
ifornia to exchange for first-class eggs with
data. Send stamp for list. Address, R. S.
DANIELS, Nordhoff, Ventura Co., Calif.
FOR SALE.—Coues’ Key $5, also other bird
books and Collection of eggs, cheap. CHAS. E.
CRAM, Columbus, Ohio.
OLD OOLOGISTS for stamps, and all curios.
50 varieties of stamps for 10 cents. Foreign ex-
change and Electrical Books wanted. WAL-
TER G. MANSUER, Pittsfield, Maine.
WILL GIVE three varieties Chinese coins
for every U.S. cent, in good condition, dated
before 1859. Old postal cards to exchange.
ED DOOLITTLE, Painesville, Ohio.
WOULD LIKE to exchange eggs with any
person in either Texas, California Michigan or
Maine. HARRY COLLINS, Granville, Lick-
ing Co., O.
WANTED.—Set of Am. Osprey. Will give
in exchange singles, value $2. H. H. SPICER,
596. Woodward Ave, Detroit, Mich.
I WILL GIVE 15 Periwinkle shells for every
egg listed at ten cents or over sent me or for
every perfect arrow head sent me. Eggs will
be taken in sets. JAY SMITH, Ripley, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE. Vol. V complete except
No. 6; «nd No’s 6, 11 of Vol, VIL; No. 6 of Vol.
IIT of the OoLoctist for Vol. VIII complete of
same. HUGH S. CAMPBELL, E]1 Paso. Il.
THE SAME mail which brought November
OOLOGIST brought four replies fo my exchange
notice in the same paper. JI regard the OOLO-
GIST anecessity to collectors who desire to ex-
cha ge specimens. FRED H. ANDRUS, EIlk-
ton, Oregon.
FOR SALE.—A Belgian Flobert Rifie in good
eendition, 22 short or long cartridge, black wal-
nut, checked, pistol grip stock. rubber butt
plate. weight 4% lbs., cost $6. sell for $3.50.
GEO. J. REED, Berlin, Conn..
LOOK! LOOK! Cheapest rates on mount-
ing birds, fish. reptiles and animals. Specialty
in mounting heads of Elk, Deer ind other big
game. also all kinds of furrier work. Game
birds mounted in groups or sing y on panels
for wall decoration. Large stock of birds sin-
gly or in groups for sale. Also all kinds of big
game heads as Elk, Moose. Deer and Sheep.
White Doves for floral designs. Glass eyes of
all descriptions Also birds eggs, skins, min-
erals, Indian relics aud curiosities. Lowest
rates. Big Bargains. Special attention given
to mail order dep rtment. Send for list stating
in what department. D. FRANK KELLER,54
S. 6th St. Reading, Pa. :
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor-
rectly named. at moderate price. HERMANN
ROLLE, Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger-
many.
THE OOLOGIST.
PETRIFIED MOSS.—Fine specimens, post-
paid, 10, 20 and 30c. Stamps taken. Silver
preferred. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Me-
dina Co., Ohio.
IT HAVE acouple of fine pedigreed hunting
dogs to exchange for eggs in original sets with
unquestionable data. Send lists and Iwill make
liberal offer Many common eggs wanted. J.
H. BROWN, Davenport, Iowa.
FOR EXCHANGE One three dollar Magic
Lantern with eleven slides, will exchange for
best offer in birds eggs. All letters answered.
adress. THOS. CRONIN, Westtown, Chester
Co., Pa.
ORNITHOLOGISTS of the South and West.
wishing to exchange skins of common birds for
same of Michigan. Write me. Florida curios,
Michigan eggs toexchange. L. W. WATKINS,
Manchester, Mich.
EXCHANGE—Confederate bills and State
issues, foreign coins, Indian relics, and war
tokens, for the same, and C.S. A. stamps. C.
S. A. bills are numbered from Massamore’s
catalogue, ERWIN G. WARD, Palmer, Mass.
EXCHANGE NOTICE—I am starting a col-
lection of U.S. half dollars, and will make the
following offer in order to secure a number of
the commoner dates. For every half dollar
sent, I will return postpaid, a beautiful nest
and two eggs of Black-chinned Hummer, extra
choice condition original data. If two are sent,
I will add Costa’s nest and two eggs. providing
you enclose five cents extra for postage. Kind-
ly have condition good aud choose as old dates
as possible. Register all letters with an 8 cent
Columbian stamp and I will return return 4cts.
with data. Cc. W. CRANDALL, Woodside,
Queens Co., N. Y.
' TO EXCHANGE.—Mexican Opal, cut, value,
$1. for fine Crystals of Amethyst, Tourmaline,
Aquamarine, Garnet. Topaz or other precious
or semi-precious stone. B. O. LONGYEAR,
Mason, Mich.
TO EXCHANGE.—WM’t’d Birds, Skins. Fos-
sils and common eggs for Coins, Stamps, Pa-
per Money, Skins, Eggs and Fossils. All an-
swered. WILL A. BRYAN, New Sharon,
Iowa, Taxidermist la. Ag’] College.
WANTED.—"‘Ornithologist and Oologist”
vols. 1, 2. 3, 4. 5, 11 andi12. “The Observer,”
vols. 3and 4. Will pay Cash if the price is right.
BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, N. Y.
THE NIDIOLOGIST is becoming famed far
and wide over America, as a strictly o-ig nal
and high class publication for Oologists and
Ornithologists. There is no illustrated month-
ly magazine like it, and never has Leen, in
thisicountry at least. A striking cover, inclos-
ing sixteer pages, devoted to articles of unus-
ual interest. sumptuously illustrated with
‘“‘half-tone”’ engravings; $1 per year, with free
exchange notice and premium offer. The De-
cember number contained among other inter-
esting articles, ‘‘Remounting the Great Auk,”
3 illustrations. by Dr. Shufeldt:‘*YoungGulls in
Confinement,” by Otto Emerson ;‘-Photography
Under Difficulties,” illustrated. by Egbert
Bagg; ‘An Odd Nest of California Bush Tit,”
illustrated Among handsomely illustrated
articles inJanuary number will be one byChas.
E. Doe: ‘‘Notes on the Osprey.’”’ Sendin your
subscription now and get the back numbers
while they last, or send 10 cents, silver, for
sample copy. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or
NIDIOLOGISP, Alameda, California.
315
EXCHANGE—Blue prints of small steam en-
gine and instructions to make same, for coins,
books, minerals, curios, eggs in sets, Indian
relics. stamps or internation 1 album. RUS-
SELL KENNEDY, No. 60 Pearson St., New
Castle, Pa.
ee
I HAVE eggs of the Caspian Tern and Amer-
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins,
Curios, etc, ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Har-
bor, Mich.
EXCHANGE—I have a Collection of North
Dakota sets and singles, first-class, with com-
plete data, and worth at catalogue priees, $75,
Will exchange for gold watch. watch chain,
gun, revolver, jewelry. or anything- you have
that I want. Also a Coues’ Key for cash. Send
for list. All answered. W. C. PELTON,
Dickinson, No. Dak.
WANTED Canceled Columbian stamps.
Denominations, l5c. and upwards to $5 issues,
in exchange for first-class sets with full data.
Allanswered. H.L. HEATON, Oberlin, Kan.
a a a TL ET
TO EXCHANGE—520 varieties of foreign
stamps in 30c. album for U. S. stamps or cash.
FRANK OWENS, Box 42, Brooklyn, Iowa.
TO EXCHANGE— About 250 stamps, wanted
books on Taxidermy, shooting or hunting. All
answered. Address, HOWARD M. GILLET,
Lebanon Springs, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE—A Four Pronged Fish
Spear and a small Printing Press for the best
offer of Singles or Hummer Skins and Nests.
GEO. H. DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Paines-
ville, Ohio.
“BIRDS OF THE ST\TE OF NEW YORK
by DeKay,Complete in one thick volume. 4to,
cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely
engraved full page plates, beantifully colored
by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is
very scarce. It was published in 1844, as one of
the vols. of the ‘Natural History af New York”
and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy.
This Copy needs rebinding and has the common
names of birds written underneath each figure
—otherwise clean and in good condition, Our
price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO
Albion. N. Y. is
0O1l1.OGISTS WANTED.—We want at once
copies of the OOLOGIST as follows; July-Aug-
ust, 1886; January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886
with the former attached; June, 1888; April,
1889; March, 1892; and April, 1893. Wealso de.
sire copies of our old 1885 ‘“‘OoLoGists HANp-
Book.”’ For each and every copy of the above
publications mailed us not later than February
1, 1894, we will give l5cts worth of anything we
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit
check good for the amount. In addition to the
above we wiil forward a ‘‘World’s Fair Alma-
nac” for each of the first ten copies of each of
th> six No’s of the OOLOGIST desired, also the
Hivp-Book. (70 Almanacs in all.) Address at
one, F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
Fine Egg Cabinets.
Have 12 of the aboveon hand. 8 drawers $7
to $9 each. Cases and cabinets to order. Ash
Deer Shields, best fimish 75c. A. W. HANA-
FORD, Taxidermist and Manufacturer of Nat-
uralists Wood Working Supplies, 139 W.Fulton
street, Grand Rapids, Mich.
$810,000 "ie
“TIED UP”
In Shells, Curios, Specimens,
and Souvenir Goods
during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and
this stock is a surplus one.
The above hits our case exactly and we have move than this
amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the
expense of shipping them there.
If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10,
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup-
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col-
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up-
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a
full and complete Dealer’s stock, we now ofter you an opportunity
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly
50 per cent. Less
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.
Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up-
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars.
Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove
Ave., Chicago, or if within roo miles of either place, call. It will
pay you.
Faithfully,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
x
VOL. X. !
COLLECTING AT NIGHT.
-A Tale of the Adventures of a Tough, but
Nervy, Young Egg-crank.
By DIDYMUS.
In the Gourse of discussion with a young friend
of mine. F
AS to who Gould write poetry in a manner so
fine
“That the boys of your paper would all thinkit’s
great—
Igrabbedup my pencil, my sponge and my
slate
And wrote off the doings I’m about to relate.
For lam a poet as all of you know,
And my power toplease I surely can show.
So here is a poem in meter and rhyme
Which J feel very certain will win every time;
My subject’s attractive as it deals with a crime.
Way back in the seventies there lived a young
kid
In whose little careass all the evils were hid—
Which together, Combining, produced the egg-
erank ;
He had all the features, on that you can bank
Your last dollar and win: Great Scott! he was
rank.
Now this tough little Aleck, fifteen years old
or so,
Used to guy all the school-marms to whom he
did go—
Till his poor widowed mother, to save the dis-
erace \
Took the kid out of school and found him a
ace
On a farm, as “twas plain he must work; a clear
case.
So he watered the chickens. and curried the cow;
Dug out the woodchucks, fed the pigs and fol-
lowed the plow. 0
He was not very large, but a tough little pill,
Who could hustle the harrow, the grindstone
or drill:
In fact there*s no business but he thought he
could fill.
"The farmer was tickled and so was his spouse
To secure a good youngester to milk and drive
cows
-And so this young egg-crank soon gained their
esteem:
“Fed on honey, preserves, ham and eggs, milk
and cream—
-And the scheme he soon worked slid off like a
dream.
__ THE O6LocisT.
ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1893.
NO. 12
His mother mstructed the boss of the farm
That this boy was an egg-crank, and to prevent
harm,
The best way to fix him, was not to permit
A single day’s outing. A sensible hit.
So the kid made a play, and theold farmer bit.
The season was spring and the month it was
May—
And the cute kid had permission to sleep on the
hay.
So at night when he’d go to the barn for his
rest
He’d fly to the woods and the fields for a nest,
Ina manner the granger would never have
guessed. :
In this way the Kid who had good eyes for finds
When working in the day time, secured many
kinds.
He had Chippies and Bluebirds and Lark’s eggs
not a few;
There were eges of the Wood Thrush of deli-
cate blue,
Green Catbirds, rare Vireos and Orioles too.
Nighthawk’s eggs were in this collection well
hid;
Whip-poor-will’s and some Killdeer’s
securely locked lid.
He had Shrike’s eges and Bluejay’s taken time
and again—
Forty-eight kinds of eggs he had taken and
then— ;
He found a new treasurer, the nest of a Wren.
Now this House Wren it builtin the end of a
gable.
Of the house, and this kid wondered how he’d
be able
To sccop the eggs safely, with the farmer so
near
But he planned the whole matter inaway that
I fear
A few of my readers will think rather queer.
under
He took along rope to a tree on the side
Of the house and then to it the rope he fast
tied.
With a pole quickly poked the rope over the
peak
Then listened and faltered already to sneak
Should the farmer be wakened and the kitchen
door creak.
He next made a loop in the end of the rope
And started to climb, very still, let us hope;
Till at last on the roof he paused for a rest—
He viewed his surroundings ere he plundered
the nest,
And the sight that he saw you’d scarcely have
guessed.
’
318 THE OOLOGIST.
Twas moonlight and all things could be seen
plain as day.
When two men with rifles came up from the
way
‘Of the town road, but luckily they did not see
the kid
Who sat on the roof where he’s partially hid;
There he shivered and shook like a teakettle
lid.
It was midnight, the robbers wore masks and
spoke low
They sneaked to the door, knocked and cried
out—Hello!
“we are sorry to call you Mr. Palmer so late
Please open the door sir and our case we will
state.
Neighbor Smith’s cow is ailing and the danger
is great.”
The kind-hearted farmer came quick to the
door;
He even neglected to question before
It was opened. Then quickiy the robbers cried
“hold
Up your hands you old duffer, we’ve come for
your gold.”
And they grabbed him, these cut-throats so
fearless and bold.
But the farmer was active and strong as a
donkey
And besides that when riled was inclined to be
spunky
So he struck out and knocked one down fiat on
his back
And gave to the other a serious crack
Then the other jumped up n’gave the farmer a
whack.
Then the kid on the roof bravely grabbed up a
brick
From the chimney, and threw it so careful and
quick,
That it knocked down a robber and laid him
out stiff.
It caved in his skull, and next in a jiff
He dropped from the roof n’gave the other a
biff. ;
Then a slip-noose was made of the rope hang-
ing aown,
And he suddenly slipped it right over the crown
Of the cut-throat. Mr. Palmer held on with
his might,
While the kid grabbed the rope and drew it up
tight;
And the robber soon threw up his hands in af-
fright.
Soon the neighbors came over and the sheriff
drove down,
And the prowlers were hauled to the jail in the
town.
Then the trial came on and the egg-crank was
there
And when on the stand the kid had to swear
What he did atthe time. My! The people didi
stare.
A thousand, clean cash; the reward to the boy~
Asthe robbers were tough ones and long did
annoy
The country around. And the old farmer said:
“T’ll adopt this smart youngster, for ’d surely
been dead
If the boy hadn’t helped me and had a good
head.”
So now the young egg-crank will inherit the:
farm
And his plans for collecting all work to a charm,
He has a big egg-case, six feet high or more
Chuck full of the rarest, but he always wants.
more.
I'll stop this tale here or you'll think me a bore..
>>>
Oology.
What is odlogy?
Webster says:—‘‘The science of eggs.
in relation to their coloring, size, shape
and. number.
Who then is an oodlogist?
Why, of course, one versed in odlogy.
Simply then, odlogy relates to the
study of eggs; that is to the egg-shell,
or the ontside covering of the white
and yolk; or the vitellus and albumen,
as the scientist would call them.
Is our whole provinee, then, confined
to the study of variously colored shells.
together with an idea of the number to:
be found in each nest and the shapes of
these lime-like coverings.
A thousand times No!
However, there are many so-called
odlogists, who are content to accept the
definition as given above, and who
believe that they are advancing science
by simply amassing a collection of eggs
and in describing the colors, phases.
and variations in shape and markings.
And, I am sorry to add that the chief-
est ones in the category are the so-
called closet-naturalists, of cities, gen-
erally; the ones who sit at home and.
hire active collectors to do their bid-
ding.
Now let me express myself as to my
opinion of what constitutes an odlogist.
THE OOLOGIST.
Odlogy isa branch of ornithology and
nothing more, and the man who pre-
sumes to elevate it above the study of
birds is as foolish as those who profess
to be good ornithologists without
knowing anything about the nesting
habits of the common birds they study.
As I understand it, a capable orni-
thologist must understand the nidifica-
‘tion of the birds he finds in his section
while the odlogist should be fully able
to identify the owners of the nests he
yisits.
Then too, to follow back a little fur-
ther, we may say that ornithology is
simply a branch of zodlogy. Any stud-
ent of one or many branches of zoology
is a naturalist—therefore, an oodlogist is
a naturalist. However, we cannot al-
low that every boy who sticks pins
through butterflies and other insects,
and spreads them in a case, is an en-
tomologist, and neither does the act of
preserving eggs, however well it is
done, entire a boy or man, to the dis-
tinction of an odlogist. To Webster’s
dictionary, it may seem sufficient to
note the accomplishments of an egg-
erank lightly, but to the increasing num-
ber of capable naturalists in our-country,
the requirements are drawn much finer.
In other words, the province of the
egg-collector, or crank, as we may call
him, in order to be well up in the slang
of the times, is just as wide as we wish
to make it. We can collect a lot of
two-holed eggs, string them and hang
the festoon on the wall—or we can
study the habits of the birds—take
notes and gather a great stock of in-
formation that will be an everlasting
source of pleasure to us.
The boy who takes notes and studies
intelligently, even if he does not col-
lect eggs, is far superior to the one who
gathers a mass of any kind of speci-
mens without any knowledge of the
subject.
It is my advice to buy books; study
in the woods and fields, and keep the
pursuit up from year to year.
EUGENE PERICLES.
319:
Not a Criticism.
In the April No. of the O6LoGIsT
there appeared an article under the
head of *‘A Criticism,” which in part,
as far as the Barn Owl is concerned, is.
an unjust criticism; and I, like the au-
thor, have only foregone a reply from
the fact that I do not care to get into an
extended d@scussion, nor do I feel like.
contradicting a fellow oologist who has
outlived ten generations of our odlogi-
cal friends, but he should remember
that this is a progressive age and that
the birds and animals that afew gener-
ations ago inhabited this country have
disappeared and been replaced by |.
others of different varieties,and in some
cases by entirely different Species.
His criticism reminds me of ‘‘The
Owl Critic” and ‘The Barber,” where-
in the critic implored the barber to
“Take that Owl down.” Supposing it
to be a mounted bird, he said, ‘‘I have
studied for years the posture of Owls
and there is nothing life-like about, it,”
but when the Owl opened his eyes and
said, ‘“‘Hoo! Hoo!” the author says:
“The barber kept on shaving.”’ I have
kept on collecting.
Now, Mr. Editor, I don’t want free
use of your columns for a discussion on
Barn Owls, for with the information at
hand I could write a volume on it, but
I would like to vindicate myself by
quoting from such authority as, F. M.
Noe, who says that he has mounted no
less than thirty that were killed in
Hendricks Co:, Indiana. The Indiana
State Taxidermist has a set of Barn
Owl’s eggs taken in the State. The
State Report of Indiana states that the
‘Barn Owl” is generally distributed
over the state. Mr. A. Butler says the
Barn Owl is frequently met with in In
diana. Mr. J. W. Hitt of Indianapolis
writes me that he ‘‘has investigated the
Barn Owl in Indiana, sinee he read
Mr. Sirrom’s article, and althongh Mr.
S. has lived a long time he is off on the
Beg THE OOLOGIST.
Barn Owl in Indiana!!” Mr. W. K.
Saul, I. Eavans, and numerous others
I could mention, have in a series of
correspondence with the writer, pro-
nounced the Bart Owl a resident of
this State. So, now,:‘‘Boys of Indiana”
if you find a nest of the Barn Owl in
Indiana make sure of the identity and
then make your data without fear of
contradiction, for you hae the best
authority of the State on your side.
I fully agree with ‘the critic” that
every collector should carefully and
positively identify each and every set
they take. I have watched a nest for
hours to make sure of the identity when
I was in the least doubt.
I was for a time discouraged and
thought perhaps I was wrong, but wiih
letters from some of the best authority
in this and adjoining states substantiat-
ing my judgment I am still in the field
more enthusiastic than ever.
If Mr. Sirrom will kindly correspond
with me on this subject I am sure I can
convinee him that he is mistaken; and
then I shall ask him toretract what he
has said, as I feel he has done me an
injustice as well as cast a reflection o
the authority of the OsLoGisr and the
‘sagacity of its most able editor.
I do not claim to be perfect,
fallible by any means, but Mr. Editor
J believe it good policy to ‘‘Look be-
fore you leap.” Investigate before you
eriticise a thing. Mr.S. certainly did
not do so in the case of the Barn Owl
at least.
In the ease of the
i=)
article in the Jan-
uary No. it seems to me it would be
to his enthusiasm, whether it
would be a pleasure to hunt when one
was so handicapped, but surely his ob-
servations cowld and would:be of as
much profit as though he had traveled
‘in aristocratic style. It appears ac-
cording to the very interesting and
valuable articles recently published in
the OdLoGisT on ‘The Life of Alexan-
der Wilson,” that this noble man ex-
OWLDS
nor in-
are numerous,
perienced more hardships than could |
possibly have attended the author of
the aforesaid article. Yet “the critic”
has not taken exception to that, and
again I have found: that an ax ora
hatchet is almost indispensable to good
live collectors. Now, readers in hopes
that our elder brother will endeayor to
rectify his unintentional mistake, and
so right the misinformed ‘‘boys of In-
diana,” I beg to subscribe myself,
Gro. W. PITMAN,
New Castle, Indiana.
> << +
A Nest of the Ganvas-back.
Seaburn,Manitoba, June 4, 1893. For
some days I had ‘observed a pair. of
Canvas-backs frequenting aslough that
ran back fromthe Lake ashort distance,
the sides of which were covered with a
rank growth’ of small bushes coarse
grass, old roots of trees and small
patches of dry ground here and there,
just the place. 1 thought for a nest.
For several days I had paid the place a
visit, upon each occasion observing the
birds up at the far end of the slough,
and although I searched carefully every
time | never could discover the nest
which I felt sure was there. On the
morning-of the 4th Iwas awake early
and finding it blowing strong from the
North witha fine rain falling I deter.
mined to go and have another search
for the Canvas-back, as I knew such a
day was good for “‘ egging.”
Swallowing afew mouthfuls of break-
fast I pull on my rabber boots, don my
waterproof coat take my gun and start
off for the slough, which is about 2
miles distant. On my way I find a nest
of the Sora Rail containing 11 eggs
which are transferred to one of my
boxes, Yellow-headed Blackbirds nests
but I am impatient to
reach my destination and don’t stop to
examine them. While I am making a
short cut through a path of bush I come
ce THE OOLOGIST. 321
across two pairs of Maryland Yellow-
throats evidently mated. I take note
of the locality intending to visit it
again, which I did upon several occa-
sions but never saw the birds again.
IT hurry along and in a few more min-
utes lam at the slough, entering the
water I start to wade slowly up keep-
ing a sharp look out for the birds, in a
few moments I can see every yard of
the water but no birds are to be seen,
while I am standing wondering what
can have become of the birds something
comes skimming round the corner of
the slough out from the Lake, and
comes within 30 vards of me and then
turns off back into the Lake, not how-
ever before I have identified it as a
male Canvas-back, my gun goes to
my shoulder as the bird comes so
close, but I think better and let him go.
Feeling encouraged I start to wade on
again and have not gone more than 100
yards, when I heara flutter and a splash
about fifteen yards in front of me and
while I am gazing intently ahead I see
the head, neck and partly submerged
body of the female, as she comes to the
surface of the water (she had dived off
her nest as I thought) no sooner is she on
the surface than she takes wing and is
soon away. :
A search of a few seconds is sufficient
to find the nest, situated on a small
patch of dry ground about two yards in
diameter, it is composed of dry grass
with a little down and contained five
eggs of a pale greenish color, as I knew
this was not the full set I leave them
after carefully marking the place, I vis-
ited the nest twice after this and on
both occasions the bird was off and the
eges were covered up; after leaving the
nest four days.and only finding seven
eggs I came to the conclusion she had
laid her full set and so took them.
G. F. Dipprin,
Toronto, Canada.
SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER
WILSON.
His Southern Subscription Tour.
G. VROOMAN SMITH
Wa
Although Wilson’s Northern tour
was devoid of a brilliant financial sue-
cess, yet it by no means discouraged
him from further pnrsuing the task he
had entered upon with so much ardor
and enthusiasm. Wherever he went
he exhibited his work with so much
zeal, was received with so much kind-
ness, loaded with so much praise and
compliments, that to secure only forty-
one subscribers for his toil and diligence
was a discouragement great enough to.
depress the bouyant spirits of any one
save Alexander Wilson. Yo him, who
was so accustomed to disappointments
and failures although it did cast a con-
siderable gloom over his prospects of fu-
ture success, yet by no means so de-
pressed his hopes as to defer his depart-
ure for another extended subscription
tour through the south, after a brief tar-
ry with his friends at Philadelphia.
Winter with its many inconveniences
had fairly set in when Wilson bent his
steps in the direction of the south on
the second of his famous pilgrimages
in search of subscribers and informa-
tion. Unaccompanied he pursued his
Journey towards Baltimore where he
arrived early in December, 1808. The
journey was a fatiguing one, performed
at a disagreable season of the year, and
without a single companion to lessen
the sense of solitude naturally arising
from ones mingling with strange peo-
ple ina strange locality. He pursued
the exhibition of his prospectus at Bal-
timore with great determination and
zeal, and was rewarded by securing
sixteen new subscribers. Elated with
this unexpected and gratifying success
“Ore
-at Baltimore our traveller hopefully
turned his face inthe direction of An-
napolis. Here he passed his book
‘through both houses of the State Legis-
lature waich was then in session, but as
far as securing subscribers was con-
cerned the sages of Maryland might
_just as well have been somewhere else,
as the negatives were everything and
the affirmatives nothing. Every Law-
yer on the bench examinea the book
with the utmost deliberation, but the
enormous sum of one hundred and
twenty dollars for a book seemed to
them wholly out of the bounds of rea-
son, and Wilson was: obliged to depart
without a single name being added to
the list. At Baltimore he met with
flattering success, at Annapolis with a
most discouraging failure. Where so
many wise men were assembled one
would suppose his book would be fa-
vorably received, but in this case as in
innumerable others the sum of one
hundred and twenty dollras arose like
an evil genius between him and _ his
hopes. Still our hero for such he de-
serves to be called was in no wise dis-
couraged by the deision of the people
of Annapolis, but with determined step
he pursued his route through tobacco
fields, sloughs, and swamps of this il-
literate corner of the State, as he chose
“to call it, to Washington a distance of
thirty-eight miles. This journey was
attended with considerable inconveni-
ence and misery there being but a few
miles of road, and a poor substitute for
a road at that. He writes that on the
way he saluted and opened fifty-five
gates with all the patience he could
muster, each one compelling him to de-
scend into the mud to open it. The
Negroes were particularly numerous
in this reglon and he declares them as
being wretchedly clad, in some cases
their filthy bundle of rags being scarce-
ly sufficient to cover their nakedness,
yet-the negroes were extremely oblidg-
dng and kind and very civilly showed
THE OOLOGIST.
our traveler the road, when he halted
before their miserable huts to’ inquire
the way.
The Capitol City Washington present-
ed a much different appearance at the
time Wilson entered it, than it does to-
day. The Capitol buildings were new
and about the only editices of any ac-
count then in the city. Wilson says,
that the only improvement going on
was the building of one brick house.
Thomas Jefferson was then President
and it was he to whom Wilson applied
for encouragment. Jefferson was a
great lover of birds, in fact he had cor-
responded with Wilson previously in
reference to a strange bird seen in his
native state, Virginia, and which Wil-
son was enabled to identify as the
Wood Thrush. The President received
Wilson with marked respect and kind-
ness; their conversation being much on
the subject of ornithology, which sub-
ject Jefferson was deeply interested in
and to which he paid considerable at-
tention to, even with the more import-
ant duties of Executive to look after.
At this time there was living in Vir-
ginia a person who had spent the whole
of his life in the interesting study of or-
nithology, and who was occupied with
collecting information on the subject
for the President. To this gentleman
the President gave Wilson a letter of
introduction and intrusted the commis-
sion of gathering the information to
him.
From Washington the Ornithologist
pushed his way to Norfolk, Virginia,
where he had considerable success in
exhibiting his book. He found the
streets of Norfolk, as were the majority
of the city streets in the south at that
time, little better than mud _ holes
through which he urged his horse with
difficulty.
It may be well to insert in this con-
nection a brief account of the general
features of the country and its inhabi-
tants in order that the reader may form
THE OOLOGIST.
‘an idea of the hardships our traveler
experienced in his journey from Wash-
ington to Savannah.
To a stranger the climate of Virginia
cand the Carolinas was such that with-
out proper preventatives one was en-
dangered with that dreaded southern
disease, malaria fever, Wilson said the
inhabitants use brandy as a safe guard
for this disease and so universal is the
pratice that the first thing you find
them employed in after rising, is, prepar-
ing the usual morning’s beverage, which
is the brandy toddy. He said it was
almost next to impossible to meet a
man whose lips were not parched and
blistered with drinking the poison. He
lodged one night at the honse ofa plant-
er, who informed him that out of a fam-
‘ily of thirteen children only three sur-
vived all having been carried away
with the bilious fever. There were two
alternatives to the inhabitants; drink
brandy, or have the ague. Wilson
rather than form the habit of using the
poison decided to take his chances.
He escaped the disease, and how he
remained in that latitude four months
without contracting the fever was a
wonder to himself and to the inhabi-
tants.
The accomodations our traveler re-
ceived while in this region were some-
what different from what they are now
and from what he was accustomed to
receive. The taverns in the south were
shocking substitutes for public houses
and were the most desolate and wretch-
ed places imaginable; bare, bleak and
dirty walls, with one or two broken
chairs and a bench, forming-all the fur-
niture of an apartment. The negroes
condueted everything; there being but
a single or a few white females in a,tav-
ern, and these seldom made their ap-
pearance. The males were unworthy
of the name and added to the unappe-
tizing flavor of the establishment a half
a dozen or more half clothed negroes
surrounded you,glad of the opportunity
323
of waiting on astranger. These tay-
erns were elevated on props about
four or five feet from the ground
leaving a roomy retreat below for the
hogs of which each landlord or planter
would own a hundred or more. Wil-
son Says every night the hogs came to
rendezous under the house and with
whose charming yocal performance the
wearied traveller is serenaded the
whole night long, till he is forced to
curse the hogs, the “honse, and every-
thing about it.
AtWashington, NorthCarolina he cros-
sed the Tar river and journeed to Wil-
mington, a distance of over a hundred
miles, and along the whole route there
were ouly three taverns, two of which
were closed, the landlords having ydied
with fever. Later he writes from
Charleson; ‘‘the general features of
North Carolina, where I crossed it, are
immense solitary pine savannas, through
which the road winds’ among stagnant
ponds, swarming with alligators; dark
sluggish creeks of the color of brandy
enormous cypress swamps, which toa
stranger, have a striking desolate and
ruinous. appearance.” Within the re-
cesses of these immense cypress swamps
lived many rare birds unknown to Wil-
son. He attempted to penetrate some
of the swamps in search of birds; but
was obliged tu give up in despair.
however he found many birds on the
margins of these swamps unknown in
Pennsylvania. Remaining at Wilming-
ton a brief time he rode through soli-
tary pine savannas, and cypress
swamps as he had done before, some-
times thirty miles, without seeing a hut,
ora human being. All through South
Carolina he pursued a circuitous route
in- order that he might visit all the
planters. 5
Wilson fared even better than his
horse for soon after he had left Wilming-
ton his faithful steed became exhaus-
ted by continual exertion and he was
obliged to exchange with.a planter.
324 THE OOLOGIST.
getting a veritable southern horse in
exchange. He said of his new horse;
‘““two or three times he has nearly brok-
en my neck and at Georgetown
ferry he threw one of the boatman
into the river; but he is an excellent
traveller, and for that one quality I
forgive him all his sins, only keeping
a close rein and a sharp look out.”
Our traveler has reached Charleston,
at which place he says he was as well
acquainted with the streets as he was
with those of New York and Boston.
He was particularly struck with the
super abundance of negroes in Charles:
ton, as he wasin all the southern
cities, and says that they destroy the
activity of the whites. He says that
even the bricklayers stand with their
hands in their pockets and overlook
their negroes. With the exception of
the neglect of a few, who agreed to
supply him with the names of those
likely to subscribe, he was well pleased
with the inhabitants of Charleston and
added a number of names to his sub-
scription list. Wilson heard of General
Wilkinson’s arrival in the city, and at
once called on him and was rewarded
by entering his name on the list and re-
ceiving his unbounded praise.
Late in Febuary he set out in the di-
rection of Savannab, and it was on this
journey that he became acquainted
with the Ivory-billed Woodpecker, the
King of the Picus family. An account
of the remarkable experience he had
with one ofthese birds appeared a num-
ber of years ago in the OOLOGIST un-
der the title of ““A Red-headed Family”
and from which I reduce the following,
as my readers may have forgotten the
incident. He wounded an Ivory-billed
Woodpecker slightly in the wing,
which on being’ caught uttered a con-
stant ery, resembling that of a young
child. The cry was so distressing, that,
as he carried the bird through the
streets, people hurried to the windows
to see from whence it proceeded. As
he drove up to the tavern, the landlord’
and bystanders were much perplexed
by Wilson’s asking for lodgings for
himself and baby. Finally he uncoyer-.
ed the bird much to the amusement
and astonishment of the people. He
took the woodpecker upstairs, and lock-
ed him in a chamber, while he went.
to give directions concerning his horse.
In less than an hour he returned, and
on opening the chamber door he found
the bird had mounted at the side of the
window, a little below the ceiling, and
was battling for liberty by making a
hole through the side of the house.
The bed was covered with large pieces
of plaster, the lath was expused in a.
space fifteen inches square, and a con-
siderable hole beaten through the lath-
ing to the weather boards; so that, had
not Wilson returned, it would soon
have released itself from bondage.
He then tied the bird to the top of a.
mahogany table by means of a string
fastened’ to its leg and went out in
search of suitab¥e food for it. When
he returned, he found that it had given
vent to its rage by pecking holes in the.
table, which was entirely ruined, with
blows from its powerful bill. While
Wilson was sketching it, it cut him in
several places, and displayed such an
invincible spirit, that he was tempted
to. restore it to the woods. It refused
all food, and lived but a few days.
At Savannah he found the air as op-
pressive as in midsummer in Philadel-
phia; although it was early spring the
thermometer registered as high as
eighty degrees. The streets he said
were beds of burning sand. Here he
meta naturalist, a Mr. Abbot, who had
published a book upon the inséets of
Georgia, and who from a long resident
of the state and a competent observer,
was able to give Wilson a store of infor-
mation about the southern birds.
At Savannah he was advised to go to
Atlanta, where he was assured hé could
get fifteen subscribers, but he thought
é
E
:
2.06X1.81,. 2.12x1.70.
that would not recompense for the ex-
tra expense and trouble. Moreover
his health was uncertain and his money
getting low, so be decided to return to
New York by sea, which he did and ar-
rived there in March, 1809.
He says himself that his southern
trip was the most arduous and fatigu-
ing he ever undertook. Yet as far as
subseribers were concerned this trip was
more profitable than the northern, for
now he had succeeded in gaining two
hundred and fifty dn all, nearly two
hundred of which were obtained in the
south, but he said they were obtained
ata price worth more than five times
their amount. The greatest benefit de-
rived from this journey consisted in the
great mass of information obtained
eoneerning the birds which winter in
the South, and some that never visit
the Northern States.
Notes on the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa.
Thinking possibly that a few of my
no
A Problem.
It is a curious fact in studying
birds, that we often find two nearly re-
lated species replace each other in one
locality though they both have the
same range.
I have seldom taken a walk without
seeing one or more Scarlet Tanagers,
yet I have seen but one specimen of the
Summer Tanager though I am told the
N
THE OOLOGIST.
latter was once the more abundant of
the two.
There is another instance which I
wouid like to relate. To my certain
knowledge Ihave never seen an Or-
chard Oriole in this vicinity while the
Baltimore is very abundant. Upon
going to central Illinois, I found the
reverse of the case presented, the Or-
chard Oriole was present and the Bal-
timore absent. An observing resident
informed me that he had never seen
one though on a constant outlook for
them, and, I may add the presence of
the Baltimore is not hard to detect.
Many instances of a like character
might be related. [Lam at loss in as-
signing a reason for this, as I do not
think the locality can be unfavorable.
Can any of the readers enlighten me?
G. POTTER,
Peru, Ind.
A Captive Screech Owl.
On the morning of Feb. 10th we cap-
tured a Screech Owl of the red type in
our barn, where he had been driven by
the storm. I kept him in the loft
for three weeks and so had a good
opportunity to study him. I found that
he slept in the morning, when it was al-
most impossible to awake him, but was
very lively in the afternoon. He seemed
to prefer to eat at night. He killed two
large rats either of which would cer-
tainly have outweighed him; a feat
which surprised me very much. I have
heard him give three distinct notes.
One is like twee-ee-ee, twee ee ee, ee-a,
ee-a. -Another is ov made entirely in
the throat. His alarm note is made by
snapping his beak. J have never hoard
him give the schreeching notes in cap-
tivity. He measured as follows, wings
spread, 19 in.; length, 104 in.; tail 3 in,;
ear tufts, 14 in.
W. E. AIKEN,
Benson, Vt.
dol
A Peculiar Nesting Site.
It was early during the collecting of
the spring of 1890 that my attention
was called to the peculiar nesting site
of a pair of Yellow-shafted Flickers
which I shall describe.
On a small hill about a quarter of a
mile distant from my home stood a
haystack which had been placed there
two years..prior to the time of which I
write. ‘The neighbor to whom _ the
stack belonged eut it through the mid-
dle and hauled away one portion of it,
leaving the other standing with one
end smoothly trimmed.
Soon after the opening of the follow-
ing spring when I happened to pass
that way I saw a pair of Yellow-shafted
Flickers about the stack, which showed
signs of wanting to make that a ‘“‘fixed
habitation.”
One bright morning a few days later
when passing I was greatly amused at
the efforts of one of the pair. It was
clinging to the perpendicular end of the
stack, and throwing out chipped straw
from an excavation which it was at
work on at arate to defy competition.
The work on the excavation was con-
tinued through nearly a week. Of
course it was interspersed with frequent
romps and song and games of peek-a-boo
aronnd the fence posts, a very chazact-
eristic performance for Flickers which
have hit on a nesting site and are pro-
gressing in its completion.
When completed the excavation was
about twenty inches deep. The en
trance was made eight féet or more
above the ground. The burrow was
two and one-half inches in diameter
and was dug directly into the stack for
six inches then turned directly down-
ward and was slightly enlarged at the
bottom.
The nest was composed of chips 0
straw. The depositing of the eggs
soon followed the completion of the
nest, and on the 28th of May 1890, I took
332 oe ES OOS ETE MOOI OCS
a fine set of seven eggs which are at
present in my collection.
The pair lingered around and after.
the usual time deposited a second set
which was taken June 14th.
The birds centered about the place
until autumn, During that winter the
portion of the stack was removed.
The Flickers returned the following
spring and after a brief sojourn uy
left for parts unknown.
I never have been quite able to un-
derstand the philosophy of their choice
of this nesting site, for woodland is
abundant here. A wooded creek was
less than a half mile distant while
large orchards and groyes abound on
every hand. Was it not sheer laziness
on their part?
Wii A. BRYAN,
New Sharon, Ia.
Western New York Naturalists’. Association.
At the last meeting of the Association
it was decided to hold the next meeting
in Rochester. the third. Saturday in
March next, for busines only.
It has occurred to me that asthe
more important business will before
then have been eared for by the board,
it might be advisable to provide for a
public meeting, presentation of papers,
exhibition of specimens etc:, and I
should be pleased to hear from each
member as to what they think about if,
also to receive any suggestions.
Yours Sineerely
B. 8. Bowvisu,
Chairman Arrangement Com.
Phelps, N. Y., 12-20-98.
A Few Hints About Climbing.
Use, with spurs, a strong pliant,
three-fourth inch rope, 6 feet long,
with ends knotted. Wear buckskin
gloves: Pass rope around tree. I?
trunk is quite uniform take a single coil
of the rope about each hand, adjusting
hands far enough around the trunk to
draw the body quite well up to the tree, ne
As you rise and the trunk gets smaller,
wrap more coils around: one hand, or
both. If there is a big crotch to pass,
get good spur hold, cautiously unwind
coils, hug one hand to the tree, bend
back a little, draw the other hand, keep-
ing rope taut, around and up into the
crotch. Always carry a light ten foot
rope in a pocket.
toward you, part way up, make a spiral
and get on the other side. In a poplar
thicket of small trees climb two trees, a
foot on each. P. B, PEABODY.
4} a
OBITUARY.
of Austin fF. Park—A Scientist of
Wide Attainments.
Death
The death of Austin Ford Park oe-
cured Sept. 25 at his residence 62
Seventh Street, Lansingburgh, N. Y.
after an illness since August from ty-
phoid fever. The deceased had been a
resident of this city more than fifty
years and was widely known as one of
the most devoted and best informed or-..
nithologists. :
Mr. Park was the possessor of one
of the finest collections of birds in the
country. The collection, many speci-
mens of which were found. by himself,
embraced nearly every species of bird
life in North America, and even now, in
its apparently perfected state, was con-
sidered by Mr.
devoted was he to his wish for a collee-
tion that would be second to none. It
was not an uncommon thing for him to
be seen tramping through the woods
and marshes in this locality in seareh
ofnew specimens He possessed an
almost infinite fund of information
concerning the habits of the denizens
of the air. His collection is estimated
to he worth from: $8,000 to $10,000.
[| We are indebted to Mr. Harvey C.
Campbell, Lansingburgh, N. Y. for the
above clipping. Hp.]
The famous German ornithologist,
August Karl Edward Baldamus, died
at Wolfenbuttel, Germany, a short
time since. He> was 82 years old, and
the founder of the German Ornithologi-
eal society. Baldamus had one of the
largest collections of birds’ nests and —
birds’ eggs in. Europe. He wrote a
number of books on birds.
If a tree trunk bends ©
Park still unfinished, so:
THE COLOGIST. 333
NCVEMBER CONTEST.
Sixty-five Judges.
Prize winners and credits received
by each were as follows:
Raptores of Michigan. 308.
2. Migration. 175.
3. Sora and Virginia Rails. 144.
4. The Game Bird of the Prairie. 141
5
2.
a
Some Notes on the Wild Turkey.
The following articles were each
awarded a year’s subscription to the
O6LOGIST.
With the Prairie Warbler. 52.
Shore Birds at Lake Roland and
Raven, Baltimore Co., Md. 51.
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
Loch
1—IwWio 27, Vive Ch Ableneoy = 1Oibrowneeys
ING eee Gack:
2 = Now 525 /C. Bs Parker, Oberlin;
Kans. exact.
3.—No. 22. Cyrus R. Crosby, Crosby,
Neo 4..8. 5
4.—No. 49. Raymond C. Osburn
Vanatta, O. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5.
5. No.4. N.G. Van De Water, Gret-
ay, NT. YC I Pe ey ee
The following Judges were awarded
World’s Fair Almanacs:
2. Robt. McPherson, Mass.
3. L C. Andrews, N. Y.
8. J.S. Griffing, N. Y.
9. Fred W. Parkhurst, N, Y.
10. C. Will Beebe, N. J.
16. Clarence Luther, Ark.
82. Claude H. Hall, Tex.
33. Brace & Hunter, Minn.
36. OC. I. Brewer, Ills ?
41. R.P. Gillispie, Miss.
51. H.M. Hall, Calif.
54. H. L. Heaton, Kans.
56. Jacob Bastian, Jr., N.C.
57. A. W. Baylis, lowa.
59. David L. Savage, Iowa.
All prizes were mailed on Dec. 27th.
ERRATUM. Inthe article on ‘‘Mi-
gration’’ in the Nov. OOLOGIST on page
999, fifth line from top of 2nd col., the
word ‘“‘delivered” should read derived.
Mr. Chas L. Phillips, Taunton, Mass.,
was the writer of this valuable article.
TR AYS If you want any of those extra
E 5 heavy alligator covered
square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec-
tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any
size from 3in.x3 in. to8in.x8in. We will ship
by express at your expense in well assorted
nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if
you order special sizes and do not leave the
assortment to us, they will cost you $1.50 per
100 or $15.00 per 1000.
Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices,
are less than cost.
Wecan furnish 3in.x3in.,4in.x4 in.,5in.x5in.,
6 in.x6 in., 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in.
Order Quick if you want any of the World’s
Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS.
y Can coin big money. Bran new
plan. Great craze. Just out.
“Good side line.” Biggest chance
i ever offered agents.salary or Ccom-
7 mission. Be quick. Goods on
credit. Samples.etc..Free. MU L-
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila..Pa.
The Worlds Kair at Home!
Selected Photographs, printed and
Mounted by a Professional Photogra-
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches.
Address P. F. MARCH, Fern
Bank, Hamilton County, O.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. t.F
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. 7”
H. H. & C- S. Brimley,
Collectors,
Raleigh, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Steins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists.
War Relics, Stamps, &c.—Send 5 cents
for a nice genuine $5 or $10 Confederate bill. A
$50 bill will be sent for 10 cts. A set of 7 varie-
ties of unused Ecuador stamps Sent for 10 ets.
A stamp album and 50 varieties of stamps for
25 cts. 38 Indian Arrows for 10cts. 3 papers
over 40 years old. 10 cts. A trial order solicited.
Old U. S. stamps wanted. Address, J. E.
HANDSHAW, Smithtown Branch, N. Y
Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations.
Vernier and Metric or French System.
aOologists!
If you care to SAVE TIME and meas-
ure your specimens ACCURATE. get
one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with
Nar dened jaws, 14 in. long, graduated in 1-100
of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to
any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad-
uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For illus-
trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum-
pia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,)
334 THE OOLOGIST.
SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils,
Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy,
Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New
London, Wis.
) QNLY DIRECTORY on tare.
Guaranteeing 30,000. For
ouly 10 cents (regular price
6 cents.) your name, if re-
4 ceived within next 30
= days, will be BOLDLY
/ers and others, you
will receive hundreds
probably thousands, at
Tl of valuable Books, f
» Samples, Papers, Maga-
S——# z1..es, etc. AL free and
ati” each parcel with one of ba
Y printed on gummed IEE
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THE OOLOGIST. 835
DUNEHIRE WAGON COMPANY,
| DUNKIRK, |) N.Y. [imam |
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mh up
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Patented May 6, 1890.
MANUEPIACTURERS OF’
Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays.
AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS.
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market.
Niagara Falls.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during the
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fey steps from R.
R. Depots—Hlectrie car line passes by its eutrance—and « ‘upies a new
‘three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
TO MY MANY FRIENDS AND PATRONS:
I regret to say that my stock and store were badly damaged by
fire the 29th day of November. The only goods zot damaged were
1,000 skins from Norway and Sweden, besides 500 North American
species. Also, two cases of eggs, to value of $1,800.
As I wiil have to store these goods while rebuilding, I shall make
some very liberal discounts with the hopes of not having to pack
these goods away for three months.
Parties wishing to purchase eggs and skins cheap will please
drop me a line.
I have made arrangements with a dealer to fill all orders for
supplies and tools at regular prices. All orders sent to me for sup-
plies and tools will receive prompt and careful attention.
Taunton, Mass., Dec. 1, 1893. Yours Very Truly, Peo
James_P. Babbitt
336 THE OOLOGIST.
Our Address
during the next few months, will be at either
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Faithfully,
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“BIRDS of MICHIGAN”
A list of three hundred and _ thir-
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages.
JUST ISSUED!
Profuse notes. Bibliography complete.
It is in fact a work on the Birds of the Great
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ogist in Almerica.
Price, Postpaid, 75 cents.
Address
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YOUR FUTURE
t 1s
a ee if
al OV
&.|
ae oP
UE Aad ee atucry Sun
SS
1S ~N
“ro of ve a
Fs)
ee
SS
Bracelets of Ifo
ee eos SiS
IS IN YOUR OWN HAND.
Palmistry assumes to tell what the lines in your
hand indicate. It will amuse you, if nothing more.
The above diagram almost explains itself. The
length of the LINE OF LIFE indicates probable
age to which you will live. Each BRACELET
gives you thirty years. Well-marked LINE OF
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success in life; but you must keep up with modern
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and while Demorest’s is not a fashion magazine,
its fashion pages are perfect, and you get with it,
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the year, and in any size you chi ose. Send in
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lisher, W. Jennings Demorest. 15 East 14th St.,
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Magazine, send fora specimen copy. A large QUAD-
RANGLE means honesty; a large TRIANGLE,
generosity; long FIRST DIVISION OF THUMB,
strong will; LONG SECOND DIVISION, reason-
ing faculty. The MOUNT OF JUPITER betokens
ambition; that of SATURN, prudence ; the SUN,
love of splendor; MARS, courage; MOON, imagina-
tion: VENUS, love of pleasure; and MERCURY,
intelligence. Take our advice as above and you
will be sure to possess the last and most valuable
yuality,
ae OOLOGIS|,
FOR THE
Se lCNT OF BIRDS,
es Nests AND EGGS.
WOMEN TE: OXI
/NIEIBMOINGS Wie WG
FRANK H. LATTIN, PUBLISHER,
A. M. EDDY,
PRINTER AND BINDER,
ALBION, N. Y.
1894.
INDEX TO VOL. XI].
wee eeee99, Low
Accident, A CuriouS,....e.creccce
Accidental Death of Birds .........
WMGVICO. Al LTtti@.... a cccce cence ccccceance aces 216
Albinistic Eggs.......... Sfeveteletelelsicletele 98
Albino eggs of the ‘Gr peattonaee Spark ow...-313
Alewife...... ........ ateteletelelersieioistevetaisielsveletereteraterels 173
American Ornithologist’S Union.....eecccseed!0
Anhinga..... efeleleleta(etieleinieieiefelsteretelsleiclelsitele Gooden ole!
Aquarium, Collecting for an.....0..secece---. 244
Arizona, Dove Lifein ....... oboe BA00.0000 229, 243
Audubons’s Biography, Notes From......
Sonn eo 00000 - 201, 231, 261, 281, 3808, 3%5, 362
Bagg, Egbert........... alcielelelslatelelsielaiclelsinictetolerfa eto)
SAL AHAGC selcienislaisisicwlelaleicieciel.\-) clvieleele 590000 aoocooty!
Barbarism of Fashion, The..................- 367
BES AVAL Soe AtmVVicteietsreliclatarelatalalalcleictelelaislelslelesoloieseiaielersiarare 267
isthyol, IstAkel{\ooqqq0 oo00 booo DHUDOO DOUOOUUOCIDO.0b00 285
“OOS AVeq00bb000 dQ00bad00 od00 go0ndabaKd du aU
ee CrlOULE Clisteterepelejeicinersicieleieieiencloiele bHOsCO bobo Lesos 305
26 ILEWAoocd ccac Pededodsnancooacdaos felelselet OOD
Bird Life, Phe Study Of.... cece veiseccces oc 825
SCMVLOSSeteveisicleieiesionersisiels GuHoO5oG0000 a A peadae 285
SPE Ga LOlsictisteiaisieleteiefoteisia sletelelstarcleratedstetelelsist ey iGO)
‘* Skins, Values of.. Motatetelsta saxclctelerreelilisie Lo,
Bird Slaughter, Brot een ae Sansa Bic 361
ERIN CVO ll Owvgetetcisietetcie’e cioloievelelelstefeleieicisieieleisieieieier=leieie 305
Birds From Six Eggs, SA. acldosauaseuensesee
Birds, Observations OD..........--...seeeceee 312
Birds of North America, A List of.-.........219
Bishop, Dr. L. B............ o0004G06 db q000d0 baculs
Bittern, AMeYriCaN....c0...seceeecceeel 42, 181, 359
Bittern, Least............... eareistelelstcicieistateeresies 182
Blackbird, Crow..... Mietolotalete otehcietelreleletaieteletoerrel= 805
Blackbird, Red-winged.. epretesieilerets
5006 11,52, 53, 149, “181, 234, 288, 301, 334
Blackbird, Sailor ingMil@Gls scons seseosi 181, 182
Black-breast.........- afetaleiaiotetepeistersta a00.q000 DUOC 296
ALAC KI CA Cs Aiviereleielelsleleiciel c\slcleiolevelsieiehefsivisiciel'sie ove. 99
' Blackhead, Creek,..... Comaanieareranae tae BopubeaDOGOCe DD
Blackhead Little........ aoudodacooa bncadE 6) Goo %e)
Bluebird........- nonoaee 06 dconadode “53, 234, 288, 334
BORN A HNial IhaKep-qoYeralsthyeloqoqgod cages aodaudGodG doco!
Bobolink......... Good dconacda deoc00 onGG0D 139, 142
OD=willbestetrelceeieticielvicecicleseicieleistelelslsicieleleieisielel Gospel ad.
Bob-white, Florida.. mooD aHOGdHN GoDdoGus b50¢ 00000 oilil
Bob-white, Some Experience with the
Young of the Ruffed Grouse and.......359
IBVEsWahe cagpocOGdD CD00 cd0d 0000 NOnUOaOGOCGdODa Ugo 2 96
TS ADhL, Vayama, 1836 Gano gaggc0Ad0e0do meistatelachvelels ongsooZe 8}
Broadwings of °92 and '93, My......--...+.e0 169
Bubos at Home, A Pair Of.......0...ee000s apo Ee)
Buffelhead.. added Pasi eepa a eitcekeee etcyre gD!
Bunting, Black- rene ate Selvicleiisisitele ls 7200
Bunting, Snow....... weleletetieseeetole bod bsnRde ddan
IBN HSI ORNL ooagocoospo nsoneond Goda cdod cd0od00000S 95
(CAE AVGIET So cob0b Goon caoboonU.GDdoS DboONOO AcOnoOdees 56
CananyseAwE Tr Oliti Cherctnercderersctererrietelsteteinslenstetersie soe
Chyna, WiWallllonad 6000 Goas-60000 ariatcleslescieteraiste 240, 805
(Ohh AH oO, oa6 good. gad 00 bd00. den ODDO 0000 «95, €58
CaTGinale recess. /-ticiele o0G000 codg uqooDObR) Pak BH sBut
Gathirdemesssceeeres 53, 142, 283, 255, 301, 327, 334
Chat, Yellow-breasted..... atefetele late pndodo00 326, 327
SH AWUCAU QUA jee < ciale ccleiniere ciciniele ace eines sejeranc Ors
(ChoienwmabMecounogopo6 cesu coun coubooubUda Loco oodoce oa
CHICK ACSC are itevstaraterelos eiotereisicrelorersctelaictolnjatetstetatetsre 253
Chickadee, Black-capped..........51, 207, 327, 334
Chickens, Cary......... Gdacuarbooono podoDo bade 329
CHICKENS LTA C)eaiereseleitelelsi-ereleclelsjeiseieleletoul tesp CUS,
CHip yin dW CST apts celerelates-t-fcleveleiels slekeleleleioleyaletls 208.
Hii Wypeteletetelaloteseiielatereleleetereialcletevelera(e Satgdodsad code 305
CoailewEleninya Kern trsiiicle ceteris Sadomandoocacde 217
Cock, Chapparal.... .... mfetsinisiaksiersca-talclals shiaialaiatele 265.
Collecting: Vive! Birds... cece 1.5 cu nciseccen do:
Collecting, viz:— Oological................327,337
Collections, Washington School.............. 370)
(Chapa¥edovanKereyalosisondgasonodd cgaoudooododooGeno Heel
Coot. . Ben Le cae iayal pelle hostel cian Clause gabe ee TODD:
Coot, nerican adsodd ooas codg.coeu vo00CG 96, 142, 182
Coots, Sea..... | Noo bdgodo odaodolda a boon ocau soo0Gs
COLMOTANG BAUS srejoreicls separa sie lsicielelel sielsisieler cS
Cormorant, Double-crestcd........see.... sone 282
CWOWiDITG etic ccc Dos DOs OOO ZOD MAO!
Crane Gre aibiavvelibO se cjererereyafetereialeveleleieieleickel-laretoite 263
Crone Jie WaVelsooesoooon 660000 50;60000%0 CO DGan0C 282:
Crane, Nesting of the Whooping.......------. 263
Crane, Sandhill......... bdocdo dood ccbO S50 263, 357
OVD Goodaacuude hoad.coocc0ed Vovsodewoobe Good oo 142
(Oreos, Atesooco 50000 ars oves wiv ckaiura soy sreletiolsisietsie elsheleleva oe Ol
Creeper, Brown .........+6 piereteielatelcnicleteteieleleteictelelo Os
CKO WA wATME Ca Mleeeieiclorelelerelsioivicicielsiciekeloietaleieleiele
..51, 93, 141, 142, 147, 207, 232, 233, 256, 304, 310:
Crow, Nidification of The Fish.........+ 60 poset)
Crow, Rain.. eetertetetareie -. 26
Crows, The enegnerets of, cane Other INOS. 241
Cuckoo, Black-billed......... sacgoabbo00000 53, 301
Cuckoo, Yellow’billed.............58, 233, 301, 33
Cudlip, Howard .... 2.20.22. eee ccee wees cece eee 49)
Curlew, Eskimo...........2.. AdoobooouIDOad bo0d 137
Curlew, Long-billed........ cle terkasdopeisislenejelaonetaiels 137
@urlewASickle-=billled eye c seuss ail sieloleielelielelersifelotele 137
Data and Field Books, Hints About..... poop US)
Davie’s ‘‘Methods in The Art of Taxider-
TW Ys cbo0 5000 00000 pnogoceses
Dieleanar Tae Goddcodeaeuoog dd05 Sonpadoca g0qcoO HOM
DipPeL ie. -c- sce cieces elohicnatoievalohalststheyeiefelciele\eroteterctaCe 95.
Dissolution of F. i. Lattin & CO... 6... s ccs 287
Dodge, Harold H..... .....562 enc nces cree e eens 243
Domestication of the Ruffed Grouse and
Bob-white.......... gdo60a6gca0 da. Gotd ON6 359
Dove, INGA... .cccee..-- sscce A obiagogaoonNcodaG 22%
THE OOLOGIST.
“Dove Life in AViZONA........eeseeeeeveveera9, 243
Dove, Mourning...... 50, 139, 142, 229, 234, 288, 334
Dove, White-winged.......cccccccee+ses vevvee ta)
DOWiItCher. . 2.0. ceccaecs.s oe odade66ed000 sa ccucod st
DAL CAVA CONT ie ialeresersieneleiclelere dad A odood. 60.0000 aboqdoe)
Duck, American Scaup.......+ cece oo aso06o.dob0 95
Duck, Black..... 0000000 820000 90006000 o600 000 52, 94
DUCK AE CLOW ea VC Oierelaesievcieieicicleleleleleleloreleleieieletelsieleleie9 0)
IDWGle, IDM eye occadon0 0000 0000 c06n od0000000 dboa00 94
IDWiekc, (Caan doodouddde dognoDad do606000000 oo coco
Duck, WeSSerSCAUP. eee ccsr «ciceejes)+ veces. 569)
Duck, Long tailed......... odoooo00 6dou0d c00000 95
DONNER, IRE NtItic codnd Hada d000.0000 ddGU000 cod0 DoOGOO ce:ct)
IBY UKE|ie) TewbKelChviccnodasdsoceGaand gdoa0 66b08a000 95, 182
‘Duck, Summer....... nara ehofanial ateratelalosaisisninversivisiets 95
ID WIG ie) UMUEY2) o o5a9004600.0060 0000 000 000000 GUD0 50 co008)3)
IDWOlES) \WVi@OGlasac 6000 paH06000 addo DODDDOOS600 2000 9D
Eagle, Golden........ 5500000600 bo0000 0000010000 243
Eaglein Indiana, The Golden....... sodd00000 184
Eagles in Missouri, Bald.....e..ssceevsssce sees 00
Hagles in Sontheast Michigan, Reappear-
AN COOLS Ail Cievetleieie) ste} =taleloieislelelareleleiatereistenelersteroll
Melly Lebaol Fal 656 Gnooodacqadd UdooODbodGK0 Good 184
MGS, SHAPSS OF... sce cccccccvcscccccscc cesses GU
Exposition, SportSMen’s......sccccceesees see: 370
Field Books, Hints About Data and.......... 139
Field Notes, A Few............ Gou.cdood aHaosodn 233
Finch, Grass........ alata ee rarsevatets cis 6 6500008000 337
CHV EY CESII Cliereteveicteveieieleisteleve Da0D'0e00:006. Gbad Dada GoD0 355
MEET RHEW ATT Oe pees vote nia tarebe tes eet ateteioieraplonieterotetoieretate 305
IMistals ZN INOW SI ONCKES) Oli ood} g0n000 cabd. 0500000000 56
DAKINE Gibuodd sods sondioeaoodeco 2253, 94, 146, 240, 334
TMK @ee. Jno os} e 124 RobiTOs5oo0qc6-4¢0000 400000060 5D
MMickersRedsShiatte dtr ecteelieiner cieleeeleieiele 49, 288
IDIOMS. WAVE Nie) obbayes = Ga dooigamicooo GoabIe G60 GOO00d 7
Florida, A Collecting Trip in.................. 11
Elycatcher, Crested....:................00288, S04
EMV CALCHETEMAUC AS bepcleilelseeleieislelevatctelsioictersaieisieere 301
Hiv abeChers PEW arciseie aeiclelleietecvrecsieleisisie 285,306
EUV Cat GhersvE 6 walleye sielerehecieiene eleleucioe ecient 285
MVCarehert amr aillispreneleriercerinceciocnnneee 306
iDtorRole, \WV/GMligehs: diiscooonbo cud chao dodeacdeuododcos 268
TOV SOLOW Siaeeiserelcceeieterelele S06e6b c000 0000 232, 256
IED ANE ub Ol soap oono anog ooouIGGUUOS coda dann Goad 49
Gadwall..... Saoopdaoacodhopaads pndd'acicc 94, 182, 358
Godwit, Marbled........... dao canesbsouaco 97, 359
Golden-eye, AMeCriCane).ccjccccscisc ses soe. 9D, 309
Goldfinch, American.............. 53, 244, 327, 334
Goldhineh Arizona cccscikccemeccicdscererice 2183
COldhNeh; sHULOPeAaMiye coe scrieciienciniecceieeeciter 53
‘Goldfinch, Some Notes on the Habits of
the Arkansas..... dlocon.gaa0 wee cccccsssceee tt)
Goose, American White-fronted.......... 96, 358
Goose, Canada.............. o0eee 96, 142, 243, 358
Goose, Lesser Snow.............eccceees++ 95, 358
Ginachle PAs WiHIGe acre coin cislele siete eieiscissielciels 0050000048
Grackle, Bronzed........e0 odgadeséoa cous 142, 234
Grackles Parle) seicieelisicceiclepeteictele 202, 53, 802, 334
ETE WEEKES SoondodqoooD seoboU sHoo Uode cade cbo0 D0Ce 97
"GLrOSDC AK, SM VEMIN EG? secisicricisiemrccine cicieesieme eee 84
Grosbeak, Rose-brested.......... 255, 326, 327, 357
Grouse and Bob-white, Some Experience
With the Young of the Ruffed........... 359
‘Marsh-hen, Saltwater............00.-
Grouse, Columbian Sharp-tailed............- 182
GROUSE PE MM ALEC eicteemalorelvrervelelelereretaleieleleloe rel syateneleters 138
Grouse, RUPfEd.... 0.0... ce cece cece neee 137, 138, 208
GueliG Congest cerctveclalvisiiesteloievecisiete SoonoDac lar
Guillemot, Black.............. hucseucaoucoce eodol
Gull, American Herring.......................53
Guhl aoe NhbSoococend Gaooou00d0a005 C000 192, 357
Gull, Nesting of the Western..............20. 253
Gull, Ring-billed............. 141, 142, 182, 183, 358
Gull, Slough.........-..... elictevevelelerelolsietsieierattensteicts 141
Gull, Western Herring........ccecccsecccsssceeddd
Tale LEIIEYEN$Go56'c000 0000 0600 dodo 00500600 DOODOOOOLS)
Hawk, Broad-winged.........:...2.+ee eee 52, 169
Hawk, CoOOper’s....... cree cece cece cece coos 52, 169
lalehiis JEW Neoga cago doco noon adodeuaoU oOda000 oe ee0 30D
a WAG, IMA SIS o6q0 soonotiodncc000d ccdaooKbNd 305
Sandpiper, Bartramian...... ........ 137, 141, 142
Sandpiper Weast ee Vfl wes cleleioiveselets or 142
Sandpiper, Pectoral ....................66 142, 359
Sandpiper, Red-backed.... ............. 2... 97
Sandpiper, Semi-Palmated.................... 359
Sandpiper, Spotted..................65 53, 331, 334
Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied...... ...... jeidiere «0 L46
ScotenvAmericaneeoaccsce cect ci eeieieeieiicise 95
SEclmasiiGrals soo'coo bb00900000. uuGde 06 Shc ERMaCaeIiG 96
Shad Spirit.............. See alioeetake dasa elects 173
SALISH apres ete eteretsore ielotate oko) eietaiencisteretoressisieysiars 253
Shapesiothl sesh -eestiiccioen eciaceileisersicc 280
Shrike; Woggerhead. 3 fo. cece jer) sees 11
Shrike, White-rumped.......... ............. 183
SHoupbOReIPo A soocdesd: saboouged 650 AcHoo HD00Gd DOOD OE 95
Siskin, My firstjSet of Pine................... 185
Svavleyge IDoredbislnessooqodcas odeaddcs scdoug0000Rc 53
Shamma, \Wysany (Ch Sanco cpp ensobcoousooSouodOOO! cas 49
Snipe, Mneglish..- 2. 12. 125k. oes ee ewe smell
Snipes Grey-backwesemeceiecrieie ilar eres 97
Snipewlirishbesca-rececece secs cence cr 173
Snipe, Jack..........6 GURbH SnanecaBaaas OoodouD 173
Snipe, Robin.......-.....-. NES EERO GIS CIEE 2.97
Snipe, Robin-breast.......... ....e. see cece ee ee 97
Snipe, Wilson’s........ ..-..-+.22-- see 2 96, 172
SNOW Makerere aeieceleclocterieetecl ime retheietere sical
SnydersbredyD renee cece sneaer ascicen selacre 267
SOI ogo Sono cobe does ONdD. OadO Doers DOTROOOoCOO! An 96
Southerly; SoOwba eee le wisieiciselstelels\nicsevsialotesie 95
Sparrow, Albinos of the Grasshopper....... 313
SHAMAN IEE aooonacpocodEsHbooboCododD UbN 182
Sparrow, Chipping ........... 58, 234, 301, 327, 334
SPALLOW, WOMSTSD) own Pelican; Breeding Habits of American
Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88.
Nos. 4-35. Combined number,—Reminiscences
of 1886; Trip to Seven Mile Beach; Defense of
. 0 os. (iwru Work in Waukesha Co., Wiscon-
sin: Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black
Snowbird; Notes for Coilectors; Some of our
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo
Tnternational Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep.
Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os-
prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes;
A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con-
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake
County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A
Pleasant Excursion; Sp.wrows and Cat; Her-
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu-
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct., Nov.
Wo. 3«.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afternoon’s Col-
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from
St. izuwwrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N.
we
E. Indiana; Bank Swallow: Faunal Changes,
—DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ;
10 short articles. Dec., ’88
VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue.
No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete
and Exhaustive Index of Volume V.; Breed-
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul-
iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus; Cuckoos : Notes
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short
articles. Jan., ’89.
No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6%
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ;
Birds of lowa; The ‘Critic’? Criticised; 8
short articles. Feb., ’89.
No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam-
mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary ;
Birds of Macon County, Ga.; Collecting Ex-
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short
articles. March, ’89.
No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (3 pages) : Nest-
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets
and Eggs of a Few of our Commoner Birds ;
Difference between White-rumped and Log-
gerhead Shrikes: Birds of Grafton Co., N.
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check-
List; 6 short articles. April, 89.
No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y.
(6% pages); The Robin; The Crow in the
North; Bald Eagle’s Nest: Making Bird
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89.
No. 44.—Birds of Matthews To., Va.; Changes
in the Nesting of Birds; Collecting Tour in
Florida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference
between White-rumped and Loggerhead
Shrikes; Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota;
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles.
No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas
Notes; Goldfinch in Confinement; Burrowing
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond-
ents; 5 short articles. July, ’89. :
No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida
(2 pages) ; Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk ; Untime-
ly End of a Set of Brown-headed Nuthatch
Eggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ;
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz
Association ; 4 short articles. Aug., ’89.
No. 47.—‘‘Old| Abe” Jr.; A Day’s Collecting
Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow-
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower,
Flight of Dutks; White-esed or Florida Tow-
hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short
articles. Sept., 789.
No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County,
Mich. (2% pages); American lLong-eared
Owl; Wood Ibis in Tllinois; Birds of Bertie
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A
White Sparrow: Nests and Hees of North
American Birds; Black Tern; 8 short articles.
No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel-
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill;
Birds Moving their eggs; Cardinal Grosbeak :
To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of
the Birds of North America arranged accord-
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) ;5
short articles. Nov., °89.
No: 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from
our Correspondence; Marsh Hawk; Yellow-
headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12
short articles. Dec., ’89.
VOLUME VII. ®
No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete
and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes
on Florida Birds (3 Dares) ; Ornithology and
Bicycling; Audubon Ornithological Club;
Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen;
Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter
Swan;4short articles. Jan., ’90.
No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-heaaded Nut-
THE OOLOGIST.
hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex-
perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob-
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood-
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat-
catcher and Tufted Tit; 6 short articles. Feb.
No: 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista
County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida;
Birds of Mackinac Island, Mich. ; Among the
Gulis on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even-
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac-
tus Wren; Screech Owl in Captivity ; Taking
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, ’90.
No. 54.—Caged Eagles: Evening Grosheak (2
pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Red-
bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family
Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ;
Hardly Ornithological; 10 short articles. Apr.
No. 55.—Do Birds Mate More than Once?;
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated
Woodpecker in Florida; Bird Protection;
Chinese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon;
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A
Valuable Work: Davie’s New Work on Taxi-
dermy ; 12 short articles. May, ’90.
No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster-
eatcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird ; Albi-
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re-
cording the number of Birds Observed: Book
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural
History Camp (414 pages); 12 short articles.Je.
No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe+
Voracious Mountain Trout; Yellow-billed
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough-
‘winged Swallow; Great Horned Owl; Some
Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant:
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler; 12 short articles.
No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas:
White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita-
tion; Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici-
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti-
cles. Aug., ’90.
No. 59.—The Use of the Camera in the Field;
Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the
Black Snowbird; Marsh Hawk. Plain Tit-
mouse; Lost Opportunities: The Magnolia
Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short
articles. Sept., ’90.
No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field.
A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated witb 4
hoto engravings); The Flathead (Mentana)
ield; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A
Collecting Adventure; The Ruby-throated
Hummingbird; Ornithologists at Indian-
apolis; The Burrowing Owl; After ‘‘Gators’
Eggs; Notes from Northern Minnesota.
Oct, ’90.
No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingsird
(Fairies in a Fairyland) (38'4 pages); Notes
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham-
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habitas
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con-
topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver
Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi-
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias; The Pro-
thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia
Rail; The Yellow Rail in Mich.; An Outline
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 short arti-
cles. Nov., ’90.
No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New re eee
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes
trom island Lake, Florida; 3 short articles.
ec.. '90.
VOLUME VIII. No. 68 contains 24 pages.
No, 64, 32 pages. No, 86-67, 36:pages inclndiug
cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers
8 74 also contains an additional 4 page in-
No. 68.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The
Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co.,N. J.; Now,—
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar-
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow
Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow-
Bird’s nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk;
On Owl's Tenacity to Life; Western Horned
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg;
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy;
5 short articles. Jan. °91,' *°
No, 64.—Flycatcher Notes;' Collecting in the
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel-
low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird;
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col-
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect-
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with
complete and exhaustive index for Vol. vii.
4 short articles. Feb. ’91.
No. 65.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ouzel;
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘‘The English
Sparrow Must Go"; Fond Mothers: Passen-
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST; Caracara or Mex-
ican Hagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Harly
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged
Hawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91
No. 66-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the-
Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(64% pages); Ran-
dom Notes onthe Belted Kineg-fisher; The
Hnelish Sparrow! A Few Articles for the
Collector; Sereech Owl; Western Meadow
Lark; Hermit Thrush; Aves urbis, A Much
Occupied Nest! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting
of the Red-talled Hawk: Cooper’s Hawk: The
Bagles ot North America; Nesting of the
Black-capped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co.,
Mich.: Nesting of the Purple Finch; The Red
eyed Vireo; Bird Lite of an Islet; Migration
of the Canada Goose; Association of ‘Ameri-
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright's
Flycatcher:8 short articles. Apr. and May 91.
No. 68.—The Hummingbirds of California;
Ring Pheasant; The Carolina Wren; Ameri-
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi-
gan Ornithology: A Duty to Perform; Great
Horned Owl; Enemies of Our Feathered
Friends; Queex, Neighbors; Bird Migration,
June ‘91.
No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair
o? Brown Thrashers; The Chewink in Or-
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black-
bilied Cuckoos; Changes in*Michigan Orni-
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The
Wrens of North Carolina: What causes the
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better
Report from Texas; Items of Interest from
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. '91.
No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru-
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome
Co., N. Y,.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip
to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha-
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car-
olina Snow-bird; Black and White Creepers;
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes
from Oregon; Answers to that Turkey Vul-
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz-
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s
Fair Notes. Aug. ‘91.
No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping: War-
bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar-
City, “Mich; Michigan Notes;
hite-crowned Sparrow; A Rap-
row in Ba
Gambel’s
THE OOLOGIST.
bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslows
Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and
Ornithologists ;The Ruby-throated Humming-
bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found
a Killdeer’s Nest;Range of the Towhee; Owls
as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted
Grosbeak Widower; 5 short arts Sept. °91.
No. 72.—The Screech Owl; The Divers: In Fa-
vor of an Organization: What is the Most
Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink
Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists
Association; Harlan’s Buzzard andthe Red-
tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s
Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ-
ation of Scientists; A Trip to Cobb’s Island;
One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in
Northwest Canada.” ‘‘Fremde Hireim Nest.”
5 short articles. Oct. ’91
No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely
Letter: Western Robin; Western New York
Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed
Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo-
gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or
“Chewee’; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts”;
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found
Breeding in the Vicinity. of Peoria Ills;
World's Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon
Load. Nov. ’91
No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet-
backed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo-
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in
Arkansas; Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting
in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu-
tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War-
bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar-
tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe,
World’s Fair Notes. This number also con-
tains-a4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology.
Dec.. 791.
VOLUME IX.
No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada;
Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo-
gists Association; Western New York Natur-
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak;
Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The
Bronzed Grackle, Prizes for Best Articles;
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager ;
“The Way of the Transgressor is Hard” ;*‘Our
Birds in Their Haunts.” 5 short articles, this
No. also contains a plate in two colors of
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92. )
No. 76—Title pages for binding with complete
and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy
—The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated) ; Yellow
Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four
Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated_ Wood-
pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for
Bald Eagle Nestsin Florida; Partridges and
Their Relatives; Notes on Some Peculiar
Eggs; Collecting on the Farallone Island;
Our Winter Visitors;3 short articles. Feb-
ruary ’92.
No. 77 A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an
engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom-
estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Warb-
ler’sSong; Some of Our Thrushes; The Spec-
imens I Didn’t Get; Notes from South-west-
ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip
Through ‘‘Wa-hoo Hammock; A True Nat-
uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early
Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of
the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s
Nestin Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut;
The Crossbill in Iowa; Notes from the Vir-
ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds;
Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March
92.
No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en-
graving); Lanius Boreal’s on Deck: A Vaca-
tion with the Birds; TheIbis of Ledworth
Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The
Black Railin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino
Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes
from Nova Scotia; Scientific Names, Their
Use and Beauty; Pointers on Making Bird
Skins; Collecting on an European Islet; The
Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors;
A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic
Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well;
Eleven short articles. April °92.
No. 79.—Acanthis Linaria; Bird Notes from Or-
egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or
Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Kag-
les: Among the ‘‘Blue-grays”’; Treatment of
Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip After Beach
Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step
inthe Right Direction; A Winter Acquain-
tance; Are Crows Beneficial?; Spring Open-
ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s
Song; Wilson’s Snipe; Notes from Southern
Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May ’92.
No. 80.— A Taxidermist’s Camp (engraved
Frontispiece) ; The Purple Finch; South Dak-
ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh-
bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.;A
Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey
Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co.,
N. Y.; Two rare nests, The Chestnut-sided
Warbler; Six short articles. June ’92.
No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood-
pecker; Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co.,
No. Car.; California Bush-Tit; Nighthawks.
in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in
Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed
Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five
short articles. July ’92.
No. 82.—Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The
Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on
the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag-
pie; An Oological Trip in Central Illinois;
lowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co.,
Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles
August ’92. ‘
No.83.—The Breeding Warblers of Western New
York; A Tramp Through Wood and Marshes
in Eastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the
Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar
Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali-
fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin-
iscences; Six short articles. Sept. ’92.
No. 84.—The History and Mystery of Jacob
Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus
Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A
Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbirds;
A Collecting Expedition; Five short articles.
Oct. °92. f
No. 85:—Osteology for Amatuers; Buzzard
Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar-
ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid-
dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush
Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks
Eggs. November 792.
No. 86.—‘‘Cut of Eggs of California Murre”’;
Professional Egging; or the Collecting of
Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of
North Carolina Birds Eggs; Report of West-
ern New York Naturalists Association; Two
Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology;
To the Ornithologists of Illinois; Cerulean
Warbler. December ’92.
No. 87.—A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold-
en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an
Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of
Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and
Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co.. Mich;
The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New
York City; Two Warblers; A Collection of
North Carolina Birds Eggs ; Wanted—Advice,
Twoshort articles. January ’93.
No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer
Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col-
lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for
Amateurs; A Collection of North Carolina .
THE OOLOGIST.
Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California
Vulture; A Lucky ] ‘ay; Winter Coilecting or
Something about Owls; The Sagacity of Fish
Hawks; American Goshawk in Illinois; The
Yellow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul-
tures Eges; Twenty-one short notes. Feb-
ruary °93.
No. 89.—Chat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of
Michigan; The Winter Visitors of Central
Park, N. Y.; Another Day with the Birds of
Southern California; The Loggerhead Shrike
of Florida; How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A
Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes aura:
The American Bittern; The Barred Owl;
Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds;
Great Horued Owlin Iowa; Four short arti-
cles. March ’93.
No. 90.—RAPTORES OE MICHIGAN—American
Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, etc.; A Col-
lector’s Gun; The Rough-winged Swallow:
A Criticism; Nesting of the Blue-winged
Yellow Warbler; Scenes from the Life of
Alexander Wilson—Wilson in Scotland;
Queer Myths about Birds; Band-tailed Pig-
eon; Caspain or Imperial Tern; A Tri-col-
ored Blackbird; Another California Trip;
Illinois River Valley from an Ornithological
Standpoint; Tribulations of tae Oologist
(Poetry); Two short notes. April 93.
No. 91.—On the Habits of the California Quail
in New Zealand; Courtésy and Business in
Exchanging; The Raptores of Omaha and
Vicinity; A Few Hints on Camping; Short-
billed Marsh Wren; The Prairie HornedLark ;
Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the
Life of Alexander Wilson—His Early Ameri-
can Career; Among the Snake Birds; Tri-
nominal Nomenclature; Fifteen short arti-
oles. May °93.
No. 92.—Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine
Falcon: Remarkable Flight of Geese; A “Trip
for Loon’s Eggs; Scenes from the Life of
Alexander Wilson—Wilson and Bartram the
Naturalist; Floridian Races; The Embry-
ology of a Bird; How to Visit the World’s
Fair; A Few More Hints on Scientific Osteol-
egy; Seven short articles. June 93.
No. 93.—A Study in Orange and Black; Birds
as Pets; A Heronry; Notes from Yamhill Co.
Oregon; Rare Nestings;: Scenes from the Life
of Alexander Wilson—The Planning of His
American Ornithology; The Chimney Swift;
Among the Least Bitterns; The American
Magpie; The Pintail Duck. July 96.
No. 91.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—Journey to the Falls of Niagara;
Twice used Hummingbird’s Nests; Notes on
the Nesting Habit; of the Scissor-tailed Fly-
catcher; Nesting Habits of the Hades Plung-
er; The History of a Cowbird’s Eggs; Black
Tern; The Plumed Partridge; The Long-
erested Jayin Colorado; Hash: A Mammoth
Egg; Twelve short articles. August ’93-
No. 95.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—The Progress of His Undertaking;
The American and Least Bitterns in Henry
Co. Jll; Cruising and Science; The Rose-
breasted Grosebeak at Home; A Narrow KEs-
cape; The Sapsucker; The White-tailed Kite
and Prairie Falcon in California; The Fair;
Four short articles. September ’93.
No. 96,—Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—The First Volume of the American
Ornithology; Raptores of Michigan —-Broad-
winged Hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, etc.;
Auld Lang Syne; The Marsh Hawk and Its
Eggs; The American Woodcock; Nesting
Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens In
Travis Co., Texas; Death of B. F. Goss; A
Day in the Woods; Bird Wit and the Lack of
It. October 793.
No. 97—Some Notes on the Wild Turkey; Rap-
tores of Michigan—American Rough-legged
Hawk, Golden Eagle, Bald Eagle, American
Long-eared Owl. etce.; With the Prairie
Warbler; Migration; Sharp-shinned Hawk;
Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven,
Baltimore Co.,Md.; The Game Bird of the
Prairie; Sora and Virgiuia Rails; Hight short.
articles. November °93.
No. 98--Collecting at Night (Poetry); Oology;
Nota Criticism; A Nest of the Canvas-back;.
Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson—
His Southern Subscription Tour; Notes on
the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa; Raptores of
Michigan—Short-eared Owl, Barred Owl,
Saw whet Owl, etc.; A Peculiar Nesting Site;.
Six short articles. December ’93.
VOLUME XI.
No. 99—Title pages for binding with a complete
and exhaustive index for Vol. X; Raptores of
Michigan—Screech Owl, Great Horned Owl;
A Collecting Trip in Florida; Western Warb-
ling Vireo; The OOLOGIST’S “Exhibit of Birds
Eggs at the World’s Columbian Exposition—
A Complete List of the Exhibitors and the
Sets They Exhibited (6% pages). Jan. 94.
No. 100.—George Newbold Lawrence, with
portrait; Letter from John B. Hindtime;
Watching Flickers; Finding a Nest of the
Hooded Merganser; Some Winter Bird Notes;
Along the Outlet Creek;The Spring and Sum-
mer Birds of Central Park, New York; Great
Horned Owl; White-throated Sparrow in St.
Lawrence Co..N. Y.; Bohemian Waxwings;
Another Prolific Flicker; Am. White Pelican
in Illinois; Six short articles, Feb., ’94.
No. 101,—Nesting Habits of the Brown Pelican
in Florida.with half-tone;Hvening Grosbeak ;.
My Friend Hairy: A Few Thoughts; Nesting
of Leconte’s Sparrow; Scenes from the Life
of Alexander Wilson; ‘Collecting Live Birds;
Accidental Death of Birds; Maryland Birds
that Iuterest the Sportsman; Western New
York Naturalists’ Association; Three short
articles. March, ’94.
No. 102.—Half-tone of a Group of Bob-whites;
Maryland Birds that Interest the Sportsman;
Hfnts About Data and Field Books; A Col-
lecting Trip in Northern Iowa; Scenes From
the Life of Alexander Wilson; The Wood-
pecker of Minnesota; The American Crow; A
Disastrous Season on Pelican Island; Re-
markable Tenacity of Bird Life; Notes from
the Mid-winter Fair; Accidental Death of
Birds; Western New York Naturalists’ As-
sociation; Four short articles. April, ’94,
No. 103.—My Broadwings of °92 and °93; Wil-
son's Snipe; Scenes from the Life of Alexan-
der Wilson; An Inexpensive Boat; A Pair of
Bubos at Home; Collecting in a Minnesota
Swamp: A Collecting Trip in North Dakota;
An Karly Find; The Golden Eagle in Indiana;
Golden-winged Warbler;My First Set of Pine:
Siskins; Three short articles. May, ’94.
No. 104.—Notes from Audubon’s Biography;
My Loquacious Pct; Migration of the Chim-
ney Swift; A Day with the Cooper’s Hawks;
Some Winter Bird-life; The Whip-poor-will;
Notes on the Barn Swallow: A Crank; The
Wren-tit or Ground-tit; Proiect our Birds;
Vireonide in Iowa; A Little Advice; Five
short articles. June, ’94.
No. 105.—Dove Life in Arizona; Notes from Au-
dubon’s Biography; Fox vs. Crows; A Few
Field Notes; Bell’s Vireo; Nesting Habits of
Richardson’s Merlin; Nesting Habits of the
Passenger Pigeon; Some Notes on the Habits
of the Arkansas Goldfinch; The Language of
Crows and Other Notes; Collecting for an
Aquarium; Nine short articles. July, ’94.
THE OOLOGIST.
No. 106.—Nesting of the Western Gull; The 1st
Day of June, '94; Nesting Habits of the Kill-
deer; The Thrashers’s Song; Notes from Au-
dubon’s Biography; Nesting of the Whoop-
ing Crane; Habits of the American Wood-
cock in Ashtabula Co., Ohio; The Road-run-
ner; Nine short articles. Aug., ‘94.
No. 107.—Nesting Habits of the Hooded Warb- .
Ter; Oology vs. Philately; A Beautiful Hum-
mingbird’s Nest; Shape of Eggs; Notes from
Audubon’s Biography ;Crane Island:Notes on
the Phoebe; Conglomeration; Hutton’s Vireo;
Protect Our Birds; Six short articles. Sept.,
04.
No. 108.—A Study “of Nests; An Oologist of
Early Day; Traill’s Flycatcher; Notes from
Audubon’s Biography; Nidification of the
Fish Crow; Nesting Habits of the Golden-
winged Warbler; Observations on Birds; Al-
binos of the Grasshopper Sparrow; Three
short articles. Oct. 94.
No. 109.—The Study of Bird Life; Collecting
viz: Oological; Leach’s Petrel; Nesting Hab-
its of the Chestnut-sided Warbler; The Or-
nithology of a Church Yard; Notesfrom Au-
dubon’s Biography; Grasshopper Sparrow in
Outario Co., N. Y.; Two short articles. Nov.
94,
No. 110.—A Few Notes on the Tufted Puffin,
with half-tone of Nest and Egg; The Scarlet
Tanager‘ Water Birds of Heron Lake; Some
experience with the Young of the Ruffed
Grouse and Bob-white; Protest against Bird
Slaughter; Half-tone of Orioles Nest; Notes
from Audubon’s Biography; Some Queer
Habits of Urinator imber; Methods in the Art
of Taxidermy; The Barbarism of Fashion;
Twelve short articles, Dec., 794.
Davie’s Nests and Riggs
SS Oh
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc, by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M. D.
and W. Otto Emerson,
This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
The breeding range of each species Is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in former editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
iven.
Nn invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the
field,
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
-
My Prices for Back Numbers of the
YOUNG OOLOGIST
AND THE
OOLOGIST
Will, during 1895, remain as
quoted below
After which the prices of many numbers will be
advanced and possibly not obtainable at any
price. Should you desire back numbers to com-
plete your file Now is the time to purchase.
You can never obtain them for less money and
possibly nof at any price. as our stock ranges
from only 2 to 50 copies of an issue.
Our prices until Feb. 1,1896, are as
follows: ‘
Nos. 18, 21,32,42 are 20 cts.each -
Nos. 23-24, 53, 75, 76,77, 79, 90
and 101,15 cts. each.
Nos. 9, 11,13,14,15, 84-835,58, 70,
87, 88, 89, 10 cts. each.
(=~All other numbers, 5c per copy.
FOR ONLY $5.00 CASH I willsend by
return mail a copy Of every issue published —
Nos, 1 to 110 inclusive.
FOR ONLY. 50c. I willsend a package of
twenty (2U) ail different back numbers, my Sel-
ection.
FOR ONLY $!.00 I will send a package
of forty (40) back numbers, all different, my se-
lection.
My prices for back Nos. of the YOUNG OoLo-
GIST and OOLOGIST in volumes, are as follows:
Vol. I. YOUNG OoLoGIstT, Nos. 1 to 12........$ 60
Pasod (a Bs oY a PENN B Sect MIGb a) Sas 2 its
. TI. THE OOLOGIST, TUS IN) AO) PO) ose 40.
eT ae We Pal iho) Baro)... 20)
EVE ay POA TRO) Bis) inane 60
PY VFL e »” 39 to 50 60
Wd WEILL, a2 Sole FOG 60
YO WATUE nA » 68 to 74 50
MID, oa » 15 to 86 80
LOK Le ” 87 to 98 70
DG a8 1 99 to 110. . 60
BOUND VOLUMES
Can be furnished, strongly bound in cloth and
boards, as follows:
Volpi MViOUNG: OOWOGISIN ie nae aeanneE
TOE 2 and Vol. Il. Tar
OOLOGIST,bound inone volume,only 75
» TX. The OoLoGtst for ’92, 298 pages of
valuable and instructive Oological
and Ornithological matter With
many full page illustrations ONLY 1.00
Or if you order the three volumes at one time,
we wiil send them by return mail for only $2.35.
Every student of birds, their nests and eggs
should have these three volumes in their libra-
ry. The valuable information they contain, is
worth many times the price.
Address plainly
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST,
Albion, N. Y.
"THK OOLOGIST
For 1895 will be amply illustrated, and
$300 Worth of Prizes !
Will be presented to its Readers and Contributors.
The OoLoatsT is without question the most popular and instructive magazine,
devoted to Birds, their Nests and Eggs, ever published, and while of special value
to the Oologist and Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his belief that Teach-
ers, Scientists, Naturalists and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will find
the OoLoGistT not only worthy of their attention, but of their Swbscriptions. With
1895, the OoLoGisT entered its twelfth volume, and it will be the aim of its publish-
er with the aid of its subscribers, to make it of greater value than any preceedin
one. Hach number for ’95 will contain thirty-two pages and will be promptly aati
regularly issued the first week of each month and sent post-paid to any part ofjthe
World.
FOR ONLY 75 CENTS.
Every subscriber received for ’95 will be mailed a card composed of two Coupons
one of which will entitle the person addiessed, to a free Exchange Notice, of [25
words in the OoLoaistT if used within one year from date, The second coupon will
be accepted bythe Publisher of the OoLoaisr from the person addressed, in pay-
ment for or towards anything he offers foi sale,to the amount of 25 cents providing
-the goeds ordered amount to not less than $1.25. ‘This coupon is just the same as
25¢. in cash to you if you should want to purchase anything of him ‘to the amount
of $1.25, during the year.
Remember every subscriber received for the OoOLOGIsT will receive FOR ONLY
75 CENTS the following:
The Ooxoaist for ’95 é : $ 75
Coupon for an Exchange Notice : : 50
“« 25, on $1.25 order : é 25
$1 50
SAMPLE COPY FREE.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
ALBION, ORLEANS CoO., N. Y.
‘iC Sa Ontil Feb. 15th I will accept your subscription or renewal to.
THE OOLOGIST for’95 for Only 50 Cents. After that
date 75 cents will be the lowest rate. Address plainly
THE OOLOGIST.
Natural Science News.
An eight-page Weekly Journal, the first number of which willl
be published on Saturday, February 2, 1895, and on every Saturday
thereafter. It will be the only weekly publication i in America devot-
ed exclusively to
NATURAL HISTORY.
The size of its pages will be about 8x12 inches, making it of
convenient size for binding and preserving, and at the end of each
volume an exhaustive index will be given. It will be the Naturalist’s
Newspaper and will reach every Naturalist, Collector and Museum
in the Land. Its Editor and Publisher will be ably assisted by spec-
ialists in all departments.
If you are, in any manner, interested in any of the various
branches of Natural Science, or in the collecting, preparing and pre-
serving of specimens of any kind—it makes no difference whether you
are Amateur or Professional, or whether a Student, a Teacher or
Field Collector—you can ill afford to be a non-subscriber, for its
Publisher will venture to assert that during the year you will surely
find something in a single number, that will be of greater value to
you than the amount you pay for a full year’s subscription.
Short, newsy items and notes on any subject pertaining to Nat~
ural History are solicited from all.
Subscription Price, $1.00 per Annum.
Single Copies, 5c each.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
IQUE OM SIEUB IE,
ORLEANS CO., ALBION, N. Y.
[5
& 1G en
We
~
ly
AEA ES
Monthly.
VOL. XI.
¥ .
Cr Send QA G\RSSS0000RGORuGUEEOeEEonuEnEGuaswcn
Se gle>) SORSESEA EAE...
(Go
ADBION, N. Y., JAN., 1894.
. WILL BINGA-
MAN, Grundy Centre, Iowa.
FOR SALE.—A fine set of two Golden Eagle,
full data, for only $7.50. Many other desirable
sets cheap, Also 400 first-class bird skins. Send
for list: L, ZELLNER, 1825O0ak St., Los An-
geles, Calif.
TO EXCHANGE.—Two copies of. the Geolo-
gical Survey of Ohio, for Indian stone imple-
ments. Also some other useful books for same.
Z. T. SMITH, Upr. Sandusky, Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE.—B8ull’s eye lantern, 25
numbers each of Harper’s and Century maga-
zines for a pair of climbing irons or Indian re-
lies with data. ARCHIE CROZIER, 810 W.
Fifth St., Wilmington, Del.
All letters answered. Ad- ~
PHE OOLOGIST.
TO EXCHANGE.—400 varieties U. S. and
Foreign stamps in an International album (#1)
for Coues’ Key or Ridgway’s Manual. GEO.H.
DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Painesville, Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE for Coues’ Key and
papers on Oology. A 82cal. self-cocking doub-
le-action revolver. as good as new, and a few
sets of eggs. All answered. P. A. MULTER,.
Ashford, N. Y.
EXCHANGE.—Northern Illinois eggs for U.
S. stamps. Send for stamp approval sheets at.
50 per cent. commission. Reference required.
I have afew good stamps for sale cheap. _ Cor-
respondence invited. GHO. B. BRADSHAW,
De Kalb, Illinois.
FOR EXCHANGE —A pair of large Elk Ant-
Jers on Skull in good shane. for Kodak Camera
in good order and standard make, also eggs to
exchange for minerals. shells and curios of all
kinds. ALF. HASTGATRAH, Grand Forks, N. D.
TO EXCHANGE. —A. O. U. sets with data of
261 1-2, 305 2-11, 462 1-3. 466a 2-4 1-3, 467 1-4, 510 3-4,
511b 1-4 1-3, 560 1-3. 596 2-3. 581¢ 3-8. 613 2-4, 616 1-4,
604 1-2, 652 3-4. 705 1-4, 725 1-2. Also Youth’s Com-
panion for 1893 and N. Y. Ledger for 1891. for
Hornaday’s Taxidermy or other sets. All an-
swered. CARLETON R. BALL, Little Rock,
Iowa. af
COLLECTORS.—I have practically a perfect.
contrivance for climbing trees, which I have
successfully tested for several seasons. By its.
use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape,
size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and
easy to climb. Those who desire particulars.
will write me enclosing stamp. M. C. WHITH,
Mathews, Va.
TO EXCHANGEH.—First-class singles with
complete datas. of this locality 50 per cent. dis-
count. for first-class sets -with datas, climbing
jrous or collecting tube. CHAS. WISE. York
Station, Alabama.
THE OOLOGIST is simply a hustler. I re-
ceived my December number yesterday and to--
day had 6 answers in the forenoon and 4 in the
afternoon. AndJ say as no doubf hundreds of
the OoLOGIST’S subscribers do, “Three cheers
for the OoLoaist.””. HORACE Hh. FELL, Chi-
cago, Ill.
TO EXCHANGE.—I have 21 singles of Am.
Herring Gull. which I will exchange for best.
offer of sets with data. Ialso have the follow-
ing Ist class sets with data to exchange: A. O.
U. No’sdla 10-3 16-2, 106 60-1. 519 1-4 1-5, 591b 1-3.
1-4. 612 6-3 2-5. 7108-3. Wanted in exchange sets
with data. ORA WILLIS KNIGHT, 157 Ham-
mond St., Bangor, Maine.
“BrRD LIFE IN LABRADOR.”—Sometime ago.
J published a series of articles in the American
Field of Chicago. Ill.. entitled ‘Bird Life in.
Labrador.” I received So many letters unsoli-
cited, from those who had read and appeared
pleased with these articles, that I determined
to put them into a more permanent form. They
will appear as a pamphlet of about 100 pages.
To cover the slight expense of publication, I
shall offer a limited number of them for sale.
paper cover, post-paid, for $1.00 each. I should
be pleased to send you a copy upon the above
terms. Sample page for stamp. Please ad-
dress, WINFRID A. STEARNS, Atlanta Uni-
versity. Atlanta. Ga. 2
FOX SKIN:—If you have an A No. 1, one
with skull and leg bones, advise us lowest cash
or exchange price at an early date. F. H. LAT~
TIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST. 3
SPECIMENS of Georgia Woods, Telea,Prom-
ethea and Cecropia Coccoons and 15 sets 498 for
eggs. climbers,back OOLOGISTs or Davie’s Kev.
Also Shot Gun, Brass Shells. Loading Tools
and 22 Rifle for Banjo. LEROY KING, 304
Forest W., Detroit, Mich.
FIRST-CLASS EGGS in sets to exchange
forsame. Send list. All answered. G. GOR-
DON SHANCE, Libertyville. Ils.
EXCHANGE: Stoddard’s Art Portfolio (256
pictures) size, 11x18's inches, cost $1.00, of
scenes around the world, for minerals, first
class sets. or books on Natural History of any
kind. CLARENCE NORTON, Three Rivers,
Mich.
WANT old Nickels, any date back of 1885,
will give 10 rare foreign Stamps; back of 1879,
15; 1860. 25. OTTO GRADY. Ludlow, Ky.
EXCHANGE: -40 Books. Somevery old and
rare, novels, Cosmopolitan Magazine, 1891, 1892,
Shot gun and Rifle combined, and Black Min-
orca Fowls and Eggs for Books on Ornithology,
first-class Sets or Mounted Birds. All answer-
ed. VERDI BURTCH, Branchport. N. Y.
FOR SALE—Bird Skins from this locality.
Very cheap. Largeorderstaken. I would also
exchange some very finespecimens for Coues’
Key and Ridgeway’s Manual, and Ridgeway’s
Nomenclature of Colors. Also other standard
works on Ornithology. All letters answered.
NATHAN L. DAVIS, Taxidermist, La Porte,
exas.
CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The
editicn of this magnificient work is exhausted,
we have only one copy left. Price $15. If you
want itspeak quick. F. H. LATTIN & CO, Al-
bion. N. Y.
I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars ($200)
worth of specimens to my Collection pee
the Exchange Columns of the OoLOGIST. J.
KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia.
I FIND that exe. notices in the OOLOGIST pay
me 100 per cent. better than in other papers.
EDW. WALL, San Bernardino, Calif.
“BIRDS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK,
by DeKay.Complete inone thick volume. 4to,
cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely
engraved full page plates, beantifully colored
by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is
very scarce. It was published in 1844. as one of
the vols. of the ‘‘Natural History af New York”
and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy.
This Copy needs rebinding and has the common
names of birds written underneath each figure
—otherwise clean and in good condition. Our
price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,
Albion, N. Y.
I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer-
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins,
Curios. ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Van,s Har-
bor, Mich.
OOBOGISTS WANTED.—We want at once,
copies of the OOLoGIST as follows: July, Aug-
nst. 1886: January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886,
with the former attached; June, 1888; April,
1889; March. 1892 and April, 1898. We also de-
sire ‘copies of our old 1885 ‘‘OOLOGIST’s HAND-
Book.” For each and every copy of the above
publications mailed us not later than February
15, 1894. we will give 15cts worth of anything we
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit
check good for the amount. Address at once.
F.H.LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam
dia Australia. Africa, ¢tc.. correctly named
at moderate prices. also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE
‘Malakka) In-
Pmdener St.. 4. Berlin. N. W.. Germany «
SikA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
Birds’ Eggs. and Sins, Fossils,
J Vaturalists’ Supplies. Taxidermy,
Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New
London, Wis.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
} speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 10) envelopes print-
ed. dic. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F.
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
mw Can coin big money.
4 plan. Great craze. Just out.
“Good side line.” Biggest chance
3 ever offered agents.salary or Com-
miission. Be quick. Goods on
credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUU-
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila.,Pa.
CAN 94 PER
MAKE DAY
Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA!
No matter where you reside; every body
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp
and we wiil mail you4 Free Samples and fuil
particulars, which will enable you to commence
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG
CO.. No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa.
T have just
imported
TAXIDERMISTS) si:
leaves. I am now having a plate made and a
list printed. If you think this list would inter-
est you.I would be happy to mail youone. I’m
now stocking up with the best material in the
market and no doubt within a month I will
have the finest stock of supplies inthe country.
Tf you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad-
dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT,
Taunton, Mass.
clos The World’s Fair Eggs.
We have left about one-half the eggs that we
exhibited—mentioned in this OOLOGIST as ex-
hibited by ‘“‘F. H. L. & Co.”’—at the World’s
Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs
of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack-
son Park and consequently the only ones at the
World’s Fair.
If you can use any of these eggs at not less
and perhaps at a slight advance over regular
rates we would be pleased to have your list of
wants at earliest possible date and we will
quote you lowest cash price for the ones we
have left. With each set we will give a written
guarantee that it was the identicai one we ex-
hibited at the World’s Fair.
Address all letters referring to the ‘“‘Exhibit’”
eggs to ALBION, N. Y
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
COINGC TO BUILD?
Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26:
handsome designs. FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S:
MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t
Bran new
“4 ‘THE OOLOGIST.
at are bargains
We have decided to offer from time to time during 1894 a full page of desirable specimens, sup-
plies, etc., at prices so low that although we purchased’in immense quantities and at ‘‘snap”
“prices, our actual profit will be nothing or less than nothing. Future, rather than present,profits
are what we are after and by giving our subscribers the benefit of this page we believe that we
will secure through them, from an advertising standpoint results which, to us, will prove by far
more satisfactory than could possibly be secured in any other manner.
All Prices on this page are open to 1894 Subscribers of the Oologist
only. (If notalready a subscriber you must send in your subscription or
renewal with order.)
Prices will hold good until February 2O0th.—Nota single day longer and
‘the articles in this months offer will doubtless never be includedina simi-
lar one.
Non-subscribers, and after Feb. 20th, subscribers can purchase these articles at Regular Price
only.
Should present supply of this months bargains exhaust before Feb. 20th your money will be
refunded.
In order to prevent dealers from ‘‘scooping”’ our stock and thus preventing subscribers, for
whose benefit this page was planned, securing their wants, we shall be obliged to limit the pur-
chase of each subscriber to not exceed $10 during the month.
Everything is sent prepaid unless otherwise noted,
Reg. Jan,
Price Sale
; Price
DUANDSCII DID RGM EES MBPS) (SKOAUSISKO ES), OlMOh bones) Uhal, (OMAYe So ek et ace dhcnesada Goesdectinsatcos $ 75 $ 28
GREEN MOSS, imported, large brick bunches............-...........2-.)222205 seeeeecee SNES She eee 20 09
DAVIVASB Ie AINKGS saw Gemma Loins ier lOO MASS OM tec seeps nese ya ce nee ese pe 25 08
“BIRDS OF MICHIGAN,” COOK’S, notes on 322 species, 148 pages, illustrated, well
NiCAOD ELE) AVON DION INS THACIOH AEN R70 RUC ee ee ne ee ee eG eee ec en a ace a 95 42
MINERAL COLLECTION of 50 different named, 1 in. Specimens, 35 cts. additional if
STD Ei PO TREO GUL Ch cet ei SA II aa sc CG ke TEE BS 1 25 50
V-NICKELS without'the word ‘cents’ : 15 08
NGO) yeas ANON RIBAK HN, SMNVAIMO 24S) 5 coos seco unceesnecosses Geesesusesso queen cecDn Oboes 20 11
POPULAR STAMP ALBUM, illustrated, holds 1200 stamps EO 06
ING TAGN: Mi@ © CASS TEN Sees eG OM hs SU ee ee EA Dont UA ALUMS e ER 2 ee ncalalned oeeurer yaa alae 2 00 98
SETS of 1-1 with data of each the following showy Sea Birds eggs: Sooty Tern, Noddy,
California Murre and Leaches’ Petrel and an egg of Am. Herring Gull...... -............. BY 70
SET % Ring-billed Gull and 1-5 Little Blue Heron ............0... .... i222... ccecleveeeeente ceeceeeeceteeees 1 50° 70
SET 144 CHACHALACA
EGG OF So. African Ostrich, 35cts. additional if sent prepaid
MEER OOUOGEISIT 18927268 pases: bound in) cloths. ey ee ae ee 1 00 60
GLASS EYES. All cut from wires and ready to insert in specimen. In our Januay
sale we offer only colors and sizes as follows:
Flints No’s 3, 9, 10, 14, 19, 20, 22. 25 and 26.
Red No’s 1. 2. 3, 18 and 20.
Brown, No’s 17, 18 and 22.
Hazel, No 1.
Yellow, No’s 1, 2,3, and 9.
Straw, No. 5.
The prices of the above eyes, for THIS SALE ONLY, Will be one-half regular ones viz: Sizes
1 and 2, lc. per pair: 3 and 5, 1%c,; 9 and 10, 3c.; 14, 6c.; 17, 18 and 19, 10c.; 20. 12c.; 22, 14¢.; 25, 18c.
26, 20c. All prepaid. }
For anything on this page address us at either 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, or ALBION, N. ~
-Y. Should you include your subscription to the OoLoGIS® with the order the latter address is pre-
ferable. —
Faithfully.
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
THE OOLOGIST.” 5
’remiun | ist
ur ®©ee6e8 806 @ @ © 6 0 1894,
With this months OoLoaisT, we mail our Premium List for 1894.
For each and every NEW subscriber you will send us, during 1894,
you may select anything we describe or advertise upon its pages to
the amount of 25c. Or, if you will send us an even $1.00 we will
send you goods described in the Premium List (your selection) to
the amount of $1.00 and will also mail your Friend the OoLocisr
one year with the coupons. Neither of these offers can be accepted
in connection with a renewal of your own subscription, nor of that
of an old subscriber.
In the Premium List, we think any collector will find many useful
and desirable articles, and, taken as a whole, that a large percentage
of the ‘‘trash” usually contained in such lists, has been, with perhaps
a few exceptions, eradicated. Our patrons can rest assured that in
case they should select an article, which we do not think will prove
to their entire satisfaction, that we will either ‘‘even up” with
‘extras’ or send a similar article of greater value.
‘If this List is of no earthly use to you, dont cast it in the fire—
it’s excellent for wrapping specimens--we've tried ’em.
Should you prefer Eggs or Specimens of any kind at regular list
rates, you can make selections from our stock to the amount of 25.
instead of articles cffered in our 1894 Premium List.
Trusting you will send in new subscriptions early and often, we
remain as ever, Faithfully Yours, FE. oH. LAP Pin eco:
Second Hand Books. TB) ETO ee Oh 2 Uae oA a ee CON ASN 1 00
During the past few months the following Practical Zoology. B. P. Colton 75
2d Hand or shelf worn books have accumulated
at our Chicago store, rather than ship them
back east we will send prepaid at the following
ridiculously low prices. Should you desire
further descriptions in relation to any special
book or books before placing your order + write,
or see JUNE 1893 OOLOGIST.
Principles of Zoology, Agassiz & Gould......$ 60 Canons of the Colorado. Part 2,Physi-
Stories About Birds, M. & EH, Wirby............ 1 00 cal Features on the Valley ere yet
Buffon’s Natural History .........-.......-...... 40 orado, Part 3, Zoology, by B. Coues... 3 00
Family Aquarium, Butler... _.. srbodensecte 22 50 Geology of Iowa, 1870, Chas, A. White. 9
Geological Sketches, Louis Agassiz, 2 vols. 2 00 WOU: CAN a rer aa Ratio 25,
Up and Down the Brooks, Mary E. Bam- U.S. Geological Survey, ’85-'86, 7th Annual 7
= Peete eGhioee sos ee see eecteeccccceteceec eens 70 8 Report Bowell een One ae eee 3 00
atterso (CVO R NONE Crease nar sobeecetsacueeen Ueeruetanee (Oo -»s. Geolovic BS BolNs
Primer of Scientific Knowledge, Bert, new 45 Report AN By a aie 3 00
Gray’s Structural and Systematic Botany, U.S. Geological Report, °86-’87, 8th Arnual
ANS CHEN oncereseearcecen Saedes Seeveecteces secon 1% IREINOM GPA AOlksh CEO 4 ee 300
On Natural Selections, Alfred Russell Wal- i U.S. Geological Report. West of 100 Meri.
NANOS): eccak eet ootitan cteeee eee Rate, i) dan, Lieut. G. M. Wheeler & Corps, Vol
The Transformation of Insects, Dr. Duncan 6, Botany Rothrock ete 4 50
ee Hons eds of illustrations Soa ae s He ; 1 25
LayeseManwaliol Botany. ee 4 Geological Survey o 7,
Mountain Scouting, E. S. Farrow .............. 90, aero or Yeo ies ols: Dye 00:
Boys Own Natural History, J. G, Wood ...... 40 A Journey inBrazil by Prof.and Mrs. Louis
N. Y. State Cabinet of Natural History ...... 2 00 IAAISSIZA ODI [Oe wLlL: lee mee : 75 50
uscels ab Home. He oe Wweort AREER acter 1 00 ee reutibts Directory for 1884, cloth... 75
oldsmith’s atura istory, leather cientists Directory for 1892, paper... .
PoundReavolsyinionel ses ae 1 40 Y for t802siDADET ea. teh,
First Book in Botany and Second Book in EF. H. wATTIN & GO... »
Botany. E. A. Youmans, each..___.. 65 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Tis.
The Geological Story Briefly Told, Jas. D.
6 THE OOLOGIST.
Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations.
Vernier and Metric or French System.)
aQolosists!
If you care to SAVE TIME and meas-
ure your speCimens ACCURATE, get
one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers. with
har dened jaws.114 in, long, graduated in 1-100 of
aninech. Sent registered to any part of the U.S.
for $2.50, 6 inch scules graduated in 1 100ths and
mm.—75 cts. For illustr ated cirenlars address
E.G. SMITH. Columbia, Pa. (Reference, the
Editors of this paper.)
"We BeCuTey onredl Stale- and MOTeieMES tenis: H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY k
register Trade-Marks, Copyrights and J.abels
and attend to all patent business for moderate COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.Y.
fees. Wereporton patentability free of charge.
SIP ESTaMP for PE
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GA\ CHAS. K.REED, DS .
D220 mainst. WORCESTER. Mass.3%
IMP TIMEaREMIA GING) GHGS TAM, GabGGit wie tp First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
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Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON, Mm. © cohol. Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists-
ATY.
We would advise every reader of the OoLoaistT to avail themselves of the truly
great offer made on the last page of this months OoLoaisr.
The writer spent a portion of nearly every day, from June 1st until the close of
the Fair on the grounds, and can truthfully say that these photographic represen-
tations, which we have been so fortunate as to obtain for our subscribers, are by
far the best views of the great White City we have seen.
During the Fair sixteen views equal to the ones in Portifolio No. 1 could not
have been purchased for less than 50 cents each and possibly not for double that
amount, while every reader of the OOLOGIST can with coupon secure the entire 16
for only 10 cents.
The 16 Photographic views in Portfolio No. 1 are as follows:
Administration Building, Lapland Village, Chicago Day, East View from Mac-
monnie’s, Manufactures and Fisheries Buildings, Woman’s Building, Art Palace,
Dahomey Cannibals, Government Building, Golden Portal of Transportation
Building, The Peristyle and Statue of the Republic, } Manufactures Building from
Court of Honor, Bird’s-eye View of the Fair, Peristyle (Detail view), Columbian
Fountain, and Samoan Girls.
In the last mentioned view our readers will note the heavy necklace about the
necks of the representative belles of Samoa, these were made of bright red cassia
beans which we are highly suspicious came from our store. In this same village
was shown a Samoan’s boat trimmed or decorated with ‘Tiger Cowries (Cyprea
tigris) shells, which by the way were also furnished from the “stock of F. @.L.&Co.
We want every reader of the OoLoaist to see Portfolio No. 1, whether they con-
clude to take the following parts as issued or not and in order to place No. 1 in
their hands we make the following propositions:
ist. Send us by an early mail 10c. and coupon for Portfolio No. 1.
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sider it fully all we claim for it and in fact worth many times its cost you can
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will-also enclose an additional dime for your trouble.
Faithfully, F. H. LATTIN & CO:
ale H IS OO LOG IS was mailed subscribers on Jan. 20d. February number
will be mailed Feb. 5th. If you wish to catch it, send in
your notices at once. If you have ordered the OOLOGIST discontinued since the Holidays, you will
doubtless receive January number—but no future ones. The wrappers for January were address-
-ed during holiday Season.
THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI.
ALBION, N.
Y., JAN., 1894. NOw
Raptores of Michigan.
(SEVENTH PAPER.)
By SCOLOPAX.
ScrREECH OwL; Morrtep OwtL; RED
(Ow1, Megascops asio. This is one of
our common owls, and many claim it
is ouv most abundant representative of
‘the family. The Red and Mottled Owls
were at one time considered as distinct
species; at a later period the red phase
-was allowed to be the immature plu-
mage of the gray-coated bird. Itisnow
generally admitted that the two are of
-a single species, and the subject of var-
iations ia color has been thoroughly
‘studied of late A paperin the Amer-
ican Naturalist, Vol. XVII, p. 521, 18938,
gives the results of thorough study and
much research by E. M. Hasbrouck.
“This study on the ‘Evolution and Di-
chromatism of the Genus Megascops’ is
a very interesting paper, and those in-
terested in the conditions which bring
about variations in a species will be
‘mueh pleased with the publication.
“There are maps and charts indicating
the points where the red owls are
alone found, where the gray owl is
found and where they merge.
The Sereech Owl, and he well de-
serves his name, is very generally dis-
tributed and everyone who has col-
lected for any length of time has met
with it. This bird cau see plainly dur-
ing the day, or at least well enough to
readily escape from its pursuers when
itis abroad. But generally it remains
near to its home of the year, to which
it seems much attached, and keeps in
concealmeut during daylight, issuing at
night to whine, screech and moan in
the most remarkable and mysterious
mauner. This song or series of notes
,
is more commonly uttered in the nest-
ing season, but itis also heard in the
summer, autumn and even winter, and
many a camper and inexperienced
hunter has been badly frightened by
the sounds.
A though this Owl is so well known
the collectors do not appear to have
had great success with nest hunting.
Covert says that this Owl nests inWash-
tenaw county. A. E. Chambers found
a nest ia Kalamazoo county containing
five eggs. This was in early May, 1878.
A shallow eavity held the fresh eggs
which were within four inches of the
entrance. The tree was a dead ash
stub eighteen inches in diameter at the
base. The cavity was nine feet from
the ground and was entered by a rude
hole in the side of the trunk. The nest
was composed of a very few feathers.
On two occasions when the spot: was
visited the old bird seemed loth to
leave the cavity but when she took
flight quickly disappeared and did not
seem at all concerned. The eggs some-
what resembled those of the Kingfisher.
My friend Richard Westnedge gives
me the following notes on nestings tak-
en near Kalamazoo:
One nest in a large oak about 25 feet
up. Entrance to hollow about five
inches in diameter. Cavity contained
the remains of a Bluebird and two
Blackbirds. The five eggs, resting on
rotten chips at bottom of hollow, were
incubated 4 week or ten days. The
date was April 17, 1890.
On May 18 of the same year he found
another nest containing six well-grown
birds. This cavity, evidently an old
Woodpecker’s nest, was at a height of
ten feet. There was a Golden-winged
Woodpecker’s hole six feet above in the
same stub which held seven eggs.
On May 7, 1892, he secured three bad-
8 THE OOLOGISY.
ly incubated eggs from a cavity twenty
feet up in a dead black ash.
Mr. Willhelm found the following
nests: One on May 15, 1887, contain-
ing five young, nearly covered with
‘feathers. In cavity in large oak near
Kalamazoo, Mich.
On April 27, 1892, five eggs were
taken from a cavity in a small dead
beech.
A young Screech Owl which he took
from the nest in the gray pin-feather
plumage soon took on the red plumage.
This Owl became quite a pet. Once a
boy stole it from its cage aud carried ‘it
fully a hundred rods away. After sev-
eral days it escaped and at once re-
turned to its rightful mother.
GREAT HorNED Owl, Bubo virgin-
tanus. (Gmel.) Also known as big
Cat Owl and Hoot Owl. The name Cat
Owl is also applied to other species and
is, from the resemblance of the eyes
and tufts of feathers to the cat’s head.
Some ignorant country people believe
that Cat Owls bear their ycung alive,
and I have been repeatedly informed of
this remarkable condition by unobsery-
ant falsifiers. Hoot Owl isa name ap-
plied to both this species as well as the
Barred Owl.
The song, if we may call it so, of the
Great Horned Owl isa repeated hoot.
This note is not usually given more
than four times at a period, and or-
dinarially only three times, as ‘hoot hoot
hoot. Often the notes are given but
twice and at times only a single hoot is
issued. Though called hoots I prefer
to pronounce the noise ‘who’, as the
note certainly has not sound in it.
The song of this Owl, who who who,
as it is generally uttered in the silence —
of the night is entirely different from
the longer and more varied effort of the
Barred Owl, though both are sonorous
and sepulchral in tone. The Great
Horned generally gives a who then
skips a beat and then two whos in suc-
cession and quicker. This description
may be ofslight advantage to those who
are not versed in bird notes, but I am
satisfied that all -Owl observers ean
eatch my meaning. When four whos
are given the last two are alone uttered
quickly, and generally when only two
notes are given they are issued deliber-
ately.
The Barred Owl’s notes are a series
of whos, generally four or five, with the
last one long drawn out rising and fall-
ing and with a gutteral chuckle in it.
It may be readily recognized from this.
description.
The Horned Owl is the most power-
ful night prowler that we have. It is.
also cunning, and boid when necessity
demands. As a resident it defies our
coldest winter weather, and lays its.
eggs when most of Michigan’s birds are’
still at the south.
It is said that the Snowy Owls and
many other species of northern birds.
are driven south by the cold weather.
I have never credited the theory of cold
weather migrations as applied to the
Snowy Owl, though it may be true. If
it is so, I can attest to the superior
ability of the Great Horned to with-_
stand severe weather, for one reason
when the Snowy Owls of the north
were here in force and were reported
from all over the country, our Horned
Owls nested as usual in February.
That year,I believe it was ’78,eg¢s were
taken on the eighteenth of February,
and after this date the mercury went
below zero several times. I have not a
doubt but that young Horned Owls
were hatched long before the Snowies
thought of returning to their northern
homes.
The earliest that Horned Owl’s eggs
have been taken hereabouts is Febru-
ary twelfth, while the birds nearly all
lay their eggs before March tenth. In
fact it is an unusual occurence to se-
cure fresh eggs after early March.
Way back in the centennial year the
collectors of this city began collecting
THE OOLOGIST. 9
Owls’ eggs. There were seven or eight
eollectors in our place at that time,
and two, B F. Sykes and Dennis Nolan,
» soon developed into excellent climbers
with the irons. Together with the aid
of F. H. Chapin they gathered twelve
to fifteen complete sets of eggs within a
few years and found many nests of
young.
Then came other collectors; a new
generation as we may say. For the last
few years Dick and Joe Westnedge,
George Judson and Kib. Willhelm have
attended to the collecting of the Owls’
and early Hawks’ nests. There are
other collectors who have dipped into
this dangerous and difficult class of
collecting, but they quickly dropped it
after one season’s work. The pe-
cuniary remuneration is in no wise suf-
ficient to tempt one to follow the busi-
ness, and if one is not thoroughly in
earnest as a, collector he soon gives it
up.
It would be difficult to hunt up the data
of all the sets of Hoots taken in this(Kal-
amazoo) county, but a few of the more
recent records are presented. The sites
for the eggs must be located in January
or early February and the birds watch-
ed. It was acommon thing for Sykes
to go collecting for Hoots’ eggs when
the snow was a foot or more deep in
the. woods and he has told me that he
has found three or four inches of snow
accumulated on the edges of those
nests built in exposed situations.
Mr. Westnedge hands me the follow-
ing notes on the nesting of this species,
and in addition to these notes he has
found nine instances where the young
had already hatched.
In 1891 he secured a single set of
three fresh eggs from a hollow in a
large red oak in dense woods. ‘The
hollow was thirty feet from the ground
and the date was Feb. 28th.
In 1892 he secured two sets of three
on Feb. 20th. One set, fresh, was in a
hollow maple about 25 feet up and at
the edge of the timber. The other set,
advaneed in incubation, was in an old
Crow’s nest 85 feet up and in open
woods. This nest had no lining.
In 1893 he found four nests with eggs.
On Feb. 20th a set of two incubated
eces in a cavity 50 feet from the ground
in a large elm in heavy timber.
March 11th a set of two fresh eggs in
old nest 60 feet from the ground ina
beech in heavy timber. This nest was
lined with leaves and a lot of feathers.
March 22nd, a nest in oak 30 feet up
in dense forest. Held a single egg.
March 30th.
A new would be patron desires a
“cattlelougue and sample copy of the
OLEGOUSE.”
—__—__—§_-e 2) eo _—_§_..___
I have taken the OGLOGIST ever since
it was born and could not get along
without it. Yours truly,
VERDI BURTCH, Branchport, N. Y.
‘Summer Birds of Greene County, Penna.”
At our request Mr. J. Warren Jacobs
of Waynesburg, Pa. informs us that. he
can spare a few copies of this valuable
booklet at 80 cents per copy.
Send -
THE OOLOGIST’S EXHIBIT OF BIRDS EGGS.
AT THE WORLD’S COLUMBIAN
EXPOSITION.
The Exhibitors and the Sets They Exhibited.
No.1 F.H. Andrus, Elkton, Ore.
Sets No. 282, 450, 469, 516, 574.
Rollo Beek, Berryessa, Calif.
361, 367, 5381.
W.E. Bradford, Mayfield, Ky.
338, 472, 541, 663, 584.
H. Gordon Ball, Niagara, Ont.
586.
Vion di Burtch, Branchport, N. Y.
5)
6 E. 5 Botsford, Medina N. NG
294, 507.
eal a Crague, Minnewaukan. N. D.
8 on “Campbell, Milburn, N. J.
238, 471.
9 C.H. Evans,
318.
10 J. L. Davison, Lockport, N. Y.
544, .
11 J.P. Feagler, Waterloo, Ind.
284.
12 H.G. Hoskin, Beloit, Colo.
358, 487.
13 Ellis F. Hadly, Dayton, Ore.
212, 311, 312, 426, 448, 466, 619.
14 W. CG’ Johnson, Center Rutland, Vt.
403, 489, 468, 502.
15 GOs 6, 85 Jel, Ih & Co.
668 Canada Jay, 1-4, No. 74.
865 Florida Jay, 1-5, No. 7.
366 Florida Blue Jay, 1-5, F. H.I. &Co.
367-868 Blue-fronted Jay, 1-4, No. 2;
1-4, No 74.
369 Steller’s Jay, 1-5, No. 21.
370 Arizona Jay, 1-5, No. 74.
3871 California Jay, a 5, No. 34.
372 Woodhonse’s Jay, 1-4, No. 74.
373-375 Green Jay, 1-4, 1-5, n-4, F. Ho
L. & Co.
376 White-necked Raven, 1-6, No. 29.
3877 878 Fish Crow, 1-5 No 40; 1 -5,No.62..
379-382 American Crow, Ae oy Va) Jel. ic
& Co.
383 Florida Crow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
384-389 Cowbird, 6-1, F. H..L. & Co.
390 Dwarf Cowbird, 1-1, F. H. L.&Co.
391-396 Bronzed Cowbird, 6-1, F. H. L..
& Co.
397-398 Yellow-headed Blackbird, 2-4,
iM dels Ibe Gs (COs
399-400 Bobolink, 1-5, No. 20; n-5, No.
47.
401-402 Starliug, 1-4, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co.
403 Red-winged Blackbird, n-5, No.14..
404 Bicolored Blackbird, 1-4, F. H. L.
& Co.
405 Tricolored Blackbird, 1-5, F. H. L..
& Co.
406 Meadowlark, 1-5, No. 59.
407-408 Western Meadowlark, 1-4, No.
27, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
409-410 Audubon’s Oriole, 1-4, 1-4, F.
H. L. & Co. Heavily blotched.
411-418 Hooded Oriole, 2-4, n-5, F. H.
L. & Co.
414 Arizona Hooded Oriole, 1-4,No0.59.
415-416 Orchard Oriole, n-4, No.57;1-5,.
F. H. L. & Co.
417. Baltimore Oriole, 1-5, No. 33-
“THE OOLOGIST. 19
418 Builock’s Oriole, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co.
419 Purple Grackle, 1-5, No. 33.
420 Florida Grackle, 1-4, No. 40.
421-424 Great-tailed Grackle, 4-4, F.H.
L. & Co.
425-426 Brewer’s Blackbird,
JR, JEL, Tig Cea OES TEGAN, Alb}
427-428 American Goldfinch, n-6, No.
45: n-5, F. H. L. & Co.
429 Arkansas Goldfinch, 1-4, No. 59.
430 Arizona Goldfinch, 1-6, No. 59.
431 Lawrence’s Goldtineh, n-5, No. 60.
432-433 House Finch, 1-5, No. 59; 1-5,
No. 60.
434 Pine Siskin, 1-4, No. 36.
485 Grassbopper Sparrow, 1-4, F. H.
L. & Co.
436 Thick-billed Sparrow, 1-2; F. H. L.
& Co.
437 Chestnut-collared Longspur, 1-4,
No. 30.
488 McCown’s Longspur, 1-4, No. 74.
439 Vesper Sparrow, n-4, No. 14.
440 Western Vesper Sparrow, 1-4, No.
60.
441 Savanna Sparrow, 1-4, No. 59.
442 Sharp-tailed Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L.
& Co.
443 Lark Sparrow, 1-5, No. 60.
444-445 Western Lark Sparrow, 1-5,
No. 59;1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
1-5, 1-4,
446-447 Chipping Sparrow, n-4, 1-3, F.
H. L. & Co.
448-449 Western Chipping Sparrow,
1-8, No. 13; 1-4, F. H. L. & Ca.
450, 664 Gambel’s Sparrow, 1-4, No. 1,
1-4, No. 59.
451 Bell’s Sparrow, 1-5, No. 59.
452-453,665 Heermann’s Song Sparrow,
1-5, No. 59, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co.
454 Field Sparrow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
455 Oregon Junco, 1-4, No. 21.
456 Slate-colored Junco, 1-4, No. 30.
457 Thurber’s Junco, 1-5, No. 55.
458 Song Sparrow, 1-5, No. 387.
459-460 Black-throated Sparrow,
1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
461-462 Bachman’s Sparrow, 2n-4, No.
42.
463-464 Texas Sparrow, 2-4, F. H. L. &
n-4,
Co.
465 Samuel’s Song Sparrow, 1-4,No.69.
466, 666 Rusty Song Sparrow, 1-3, No.
21, 1-4, No. 18.
467 Swamp Sparrow, 1-5, No. 35.
468 Indigo Bunting, n-4, No. 14.
469 Lazuli Bunting, n-4, No. 1.
470 Painted Bunting, 1-4, No. 59.
_ 471-472 Towhee, 1-5, No. 8; n-5, No. 3.
473-474 Spurred Towhee, 1-8, No. 75;
1-3, No. 56.
475 Oregon Towhee, 1-5, No. 21. ,
476-477 California Towhee, 1-3, 1-4, F.
H. L. & Co.
‘478 Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 1-5 and 1
of 258, No. 16. ry
480-481 Black-headed Grosbeak, 2-4, F.
Jab, We C5 CO.
482 Blue Grosbeak, 1-4, No. 48.
483 Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
484 Texan Cardinal, 1-3, F. H. L. &Co.
485 Gray-tailed Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L.
& Co.
486 Dickeissel, n-4, No. 31.
487-488 Lark Bunting, 1-4, No, 12; 1-5,
Its dels Ib, ea (Coy
489 Scarlet Tanager, n-4, No. 35.
490 Summer Tanager, 1-3, F. H. L. &
Co.
491-492 Louisiana Tanager, n-4, No.29;
1-5, No. 55.
493 Cedar Waxwing, n-4, F. H. L.&Co.
494-495 Sharpe’s Seed-eater, 2n-3, F.H.
L. & Co.
496 Barn Swallow, 1-5, No. 33.
497-500 Cliff Swallow, 1-5, No. 53; 3-4,
1 dal, We ws Coy
501 Tree Swallow, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co.
502 Bank Swallow, 1-6, No. 14.
503 Rough-winged Swallow, 1-7,No.52.
504-505 Phainopepla, 1-3, No. 72; 1-4,
Oe ale Woe ws Cos
506 Northern Shrike (?), 1-5, No. 24.
507 White-rumped Shrike, 1-6, No. 6.
508 California Shrike, 1-5, No. 27.
509 Loggerhead Shrike, 1-6, No. 40.
510-511 Red-eyed Vireo, n-4, No. 33.
MeBy ta lala Iain (Oxo),
512-518 Mountain Solitary Vireo, n-4,
No. 19; 1-2, No. 52.
514-515 Bell’s Vireo, n-4, No. 31, 1-4,
No. 59.
516 Hutton’s Vireo, 1-5, No. 1.
517 White-eyed Vireo, 1-4, F. H. L. &
Co.
518 Warbling Vireo, n-4, F. H. L.&Co.
519 Cassin’s Vireo, 1-4, No. 21.
520-521 Yellow-throated Vireo, 1-2,No.
52; n-3, No. 65.
522 Prothonotary Warbler, 1-7, F. H.
L. & Co.
523 Swainson’s Warbler, n-38, No. 65.
524 Worm-eating Warbler, 1-5, No. 52.
525 Blue-winged Warbler, n-5, No. 29.
526-527 Golden-winged Warbler, 1-3,
No. 47; 1-8, No. 24.
528-529 Magnolia Warbler, 1-4, No. 36,
1-4, No. 24.
580 Yellow Warbler, n-5, F. H. L.&Co.
531 Lutescent Warbler, 1-5, No. 2.
582-583 Nashville Warbler, 1-5, No. 24;
1-4 and 1 of Cowbird, No. 36.
584-585 Pine Warbler, 1-4, No. 52; n-3,
No. 42.
586 Blackburnian Warbler, 1-4, No. 15. .
aie Black-throated Green Warbler, 1-5,
0. 24.
20 THE OOLOGIST.
588 Prairie Warbler, n-4, No. 42.
‘5389 Kentucky Warbler, n-5, No, 58.
540 Hooded Warbler, n-4, No. 15.
541 Maryland Yellow- throat, n-4, No.3.
542 Western Yellow-throat, 1-4, No.75.
548 Chestnut-sided Warbler,n-4,No.37.
544 Mourning Warbler, n-3, No. 10.
545-547 American Redstart, n-4, No.47;
n-4, No. 77. n4 F HL. & Co.
548-549 Yellow- breasted Chat, ie 4, No.
58: 1-4, No. 35.
550 Long-tailed Chat, 1-4, No. 50.
551 Oven-bird, 1-5, No. 35.
552 Louisiana Water-Thrush, n-4, No.
42.
5538 Catbird, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
554-555 Mockingbird, 1-4, No. 30; 1-6,
No. 40.
556 Brown Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co.
557 Sennett’s Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L. &
0.
558-559 Curve-billed Thrasher, 2-4, F.
Tale Ibe: a COs
560-563. California Thrasher, 1-3, No.
71: 1-4, No. 75; 1-5, No.59,1-3, F, H. L.
& Co.
564 Sprague’s Pipit, 1-4, No. 54.
565-566 Cactus Wren, 1-5, No. 72;
No. 59.
567-568
7A,
569 Carolina Wren, 1-5, No. 42.
570 House Wren, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co.
571 Long-billed Marsh Wren, n-9, No.
59.
572 Tule Wren, 1-5, No. 75.
573 Western Winter Wren, 1-5, No. 55.
aC op Parkman’s Wren, 1-7, No. 1.
ESE & Co:
ae CBewielcs W. ren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
1-6,
Rock Wren, 1-5, No.51,1-4, No.
577 Florida Wren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
578 Lomita Wren, 1-4, a 1G IG, «5 CO:
579-580 Baird's Wren, 2 -5, F.H.L. &Co.
-581-582 Brown Creeper 1-5, No.380; 1-6
No. 52.
583-585 Tufted Titmouse, 1-7, No. 58;
HSNO S16 Ee Her «Co.
586 ‘White- breasted Nuthatch,
No. 4.
587, 667 Pygmy; ‘Nuthatch, 1-8, No. 65;
1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
588 Red- breasted Nuthatch, 1-7, No. 86
589 Siender billed Nuthatch, J a. No.73.
590 Brown-headed Nuthatch, 1-5,No.40.
591 Black-erested Titmouse, 1-4, F. H.
L. & Co.
592 Plain Titmouse, 1-8, No. 73.
593 Chickadee, 1-7, No. 17.
594 Carolina Chickadee, 1-5, NOs Oe
595 Oregon Chickadee, 1-5, No. 2
596-598 Califor nia Bush- Tit, 1-7, an 50.
1-3, No. 60; 1-7, F. H. L: & Co.
1-10,
599 Wren-Tit, 1-4. No. 71
600 Verdin, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co.
601-602 Blue-gray
1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
603 Western Gnatecatcher, n-5, No. 72.
604 Black-tailed Gnateatcher, nep> He
H. L. & Co.
605 Golden-crested Kinglet (European)
n-6, F. H. L. & Co.
606-607 Wood Thrush, 1-5, No. 31, 1-4,
No. 52.
ee 609 Russet-backed Thrush, 1-4, No.
610- 611 Olive-backed Thrush, 1-4, n-4,
F.H. L. & Co.
612 Wilson’s Thrush, 1-4, F. HL & Co.
613 Hermit Thrush, n-3, F. H. L. &Co.
614 kRed-spotted Bluethroat, 1-6, F. H.
L. & Co.
615 American Robin, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co.
616-617 Western Robin, 1-4, 1-4, F. H.
L. & Co.
618 Bluebird, 1-5, No. 49, This was a
pure white, ‘‘albino.” set.
619 Western Bluebird, 1-4, No. 13.
620 MountainBluebird,1-5, F.H.L.& Co,
FOREIGN EGGS.
622 Tree Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co.
628-624 House Sparrow, oS a yo shew
L. & Co.
625 Water Ouzel, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
626 Snowflake, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co.
627 Wryneck, es KF. H. L. & Co.
628 Bed Grouse, 1-10, F. H.L. & Co.
629 European Quail, 1-10. F. H.L.&Co.
630 Ring Plover, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co.
631-632 Capercaillie, 1-5, 1-6, F. H.L.&
Co.
633 European Partridge, 1- 14, de Jal,
L. & Co.
634 Numidian Crane, 1-1
635 Cinereous Crane, 1- oF.
686 Arabian Vulture, 1-1,
637 Oriental Eagle, 1-2, F. H.
638 Rough- footed Eagle, 1-2,
& Co.
ae tae Imperial Eagle, 1-2, F. H.
& .
640 Griffion Vulture, 1-2, F. H.L.&Co.
641 Whooping Swan, 1- 2, F.H. L. & Co.
642 Green-crested Tinamon fr om Bra-
zil, 1-1, F. H- L. & Co,
643 Ani, 1-1, F. H. L. & Co.
Gnateatcher, n-4,
644 Meadow Pipit, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co.
645 Redpoll, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co.
646 Ostrich, Africa, F. H. L. & Co.
647 Emu, from Australia, F. H.L.&Co.
648 Rhea, South America, F.H.L.& Co.
649 Moa (Cast). An extinct New Zea-
land species.
650 A pyornis (Cast) An extinct Mada-
gascar species.
f
4
}
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THE OOLOGIS'Y. 29
CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED
Publishers, Patentees, Manufacturers, etc.,
sare daily requesting us tosupply the addresses
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters,
ete. Brunn’s successis marvelous, and will
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue,
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable
‘and permanent employment to one man,woman
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S.
and Canada. “The early bird catches the
worm.” Wewantafew such ads. as Brunn’s
(sample below) to start with in this month’s
MAMMOTH @dition of AGENTS HERALD.
Nails up signs, distributes cirecul-
RUNN ars, papers, samples etc..through-
{ out Blackhawk and surrounding counties
| only $3.00 per 1000. Address, W.H.BRUNN
Waterloo, Ia.
Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June
"90. He began during the summer. That ad.
paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept con-
Stantly busy. employs three men to assist him,
‘clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day
‘distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 10U0 for many
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who
employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each
send you 1000 at the same time, making 100U
packages of 10 each, for distributing which you
would promptly receive $30. 15 in advance and
$15 when work is done. Parents make your
boy a present. Start them in this growing bus-
iness. Begin this neat business before some
‘one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come
in on the ground floor.”’ Instructions How to
‘Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor
ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or, postage
stamps for a # line ‘‘ad ”
AGENT’S HERALD,
No. 171 South Sth Street, Philada., Pa.
. Our Address
during the next few months, will be at either
ALBION, N. \%., or
No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.,
CHICAGO, ILLS.
You canaddress your orders and letters to
Whichever address you are the nearer—All
mInatters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however,
should be addressed at Albion. Should you
wish to reach us personally, you should address
“LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and “WEBB”, at
CHICAGO.
‘Faithfully,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
TR AYS If you want any of those extra
5 heavy alligator covered
square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec-
‘tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any-
size from 3in.x3 in. to 8in.x8in. We will ship
by express at * dur expense in well assorted
nests at $1.00 pe 1100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if
you order spe ial sizes and- do not leave the
assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per
~ 7100 or $15.00 per 1000.
* . Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices,
- Weean furnish{3i
6 in.x6 in
-are less than cost. + 25K
-X3 in,.4in.x4in.,5in.x5in.,
WT ic. 70/8 in.x8 in.
¢~ if you wantany of the World’s
Ha, LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage _
“Grove Ave., CHivauc, [LLS,
\ Manuf
C Z :
The specific and universal opinions, condensed,
are as follows:
“You deserve great praise, and the gratitude
of the reading world—that portion of it, at least,
that is fortunate enough to read THE GREAT
DIVIDE. Having a field entirely its own, it is
intensely American in cast and character.”’
It is useless for us to say, the illustrative
features and typography are superb—equal in
guality and unusualness to the fascinating and
Strange contents that fill our columns.
TEN CENTS a copy; ONE DOLLAR a year.
Your newsdealer has it, if not, send to
THE GREAT DIVIDE, Denver, Col.
ry
WH ONLY CIRES TOR y on carn.
‘| Guaranteeing dO0.000. bor
} Ouly 10 cents (regular price
| .5 cents.) your name, if re-
4 ceived within next 30
days, will be BOLDLY
W printed on gummed
i! paper, and from Pub-
ii lishers, Manufactur-
Pebably thousands,
of valuable Books,
i! ers and others, you
Saimpies, Papers, Maga-
USN
will receive hundreds
45, etc. AL! free and
| ) parcel with one of
RSPR fail ¢ boldly printed ad.
Giesses pasted thereou. XTRA! We will also
print and prepay postace cn ov0 of your gummed
addresses to you, fur yo ir personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on vour envelopes, books, etc., to
prevent their being lost. IkKIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6,
1391. DEAR SIRS—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I
have received over 8,000 parcels oF mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac-
tirers, ete. are arriving dailv,on valuable parcels of
Gall, ftom all parts of the World. J.A.WARE.
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGRY ¢
Department No. 171, Philadelphia ,Pa.
The Worlds Fair at Home!
Selected Photographs, printed and
mounteu Ly a Professional Photogra-
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches.
Address P.. F. MARCH, Fern
Bank, Hamilton County, O.
Chay Bil
eg
30 THE OOLOGIST.
\Y
DUNKIRK, | N.Y.
=
QW TTT iN
me en
" Te iT
is
a
Patented May 6, 1890.
MAN WUE ACU Rams OF
Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays.
AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS.
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market.
Niagara Falls.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Oonoaisr will visit them during the
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fe~ steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © ~upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS:
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations.
Vernier and Metric or French System.
as Oologists!
Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest,
; strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest,
b, an wean apeciinens Tesora most accurate, most compact, and most
1} one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with modern. For sale by all dealers in arms.
hardened jaws, 1% in. long, graduated in 1-100 Catalogues mailed free by
of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to . -
any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad- : The Marlin Fire Arms Co.,
uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For iljlus- if
trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum- Hg NEw Haven, Conn., U.S. A.
bia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,) EEE -
H. H. & C- S. Brimley,
ollectors,
Raleigh, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists.
THE OOLOGIST. 31
| SB] QO, OOO Is ce ota |
Pirlo UF
In Shells, Curios, Specimens,
and Souvenir Goods.
during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and
this stock is a surplus one.
The above hits our case exactly and we have more than this ©
amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the .
expense of shipping them there.
If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10,
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup-
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col-
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up-
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a
' full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly
50 per cent. Less
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.
Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up-
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars.
Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove
Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will
pay you.
Faithfully,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
32 ‘ THE COLOGIST.
suasrWOrld’s Fair Book sum
We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the
i publishers of
THE MAGIC CIrTy
To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo-
GIsT at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen
consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo-
graphie Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S # AIR and the
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mir. J. W.
-Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public.
They constitute a splendid series of
Over 300 Views
In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance,
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and
among wild and curious races of people.
More than $50,000 have been expended in the preparation of this truly mag-
_ nificent work, and $50,000 more will be expended during the next few weeks in
completing it. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and. won-
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. :
These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and
from which the best views could be obtained.
In addition to the photographs secured bv these special artists, the publish-
ers also had the pick and choice of those taken by the Official Photographer of the
United States Government.
THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance. illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho-
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume,
11x14 inches in size.
ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT!
THE MAGIC CIFY is published in 16 consecutive weekly parts or portfo-
lios, each portfolio containing 16 to 20 of these splendid original Photographs and
Historical descriptions. The photographs could not be purchased separately for
less than $1.00 to $1.50 each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly in-
ferior views of this size. Portfolios Nos. 1 and 2 are now ready, Cut out the
coupons on this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoGisT, with TEN CENTS
each in stamps or silver, and you will get either or both as you may order. We
charge no postage on parts sent by mail.
Dad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Vab Lad Tad Vad Val bab Lab Lad ad Vad Lab Dad Lad Vad Pad Vad Pad Vad Pal
COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 4,
The O6LoGIstT’s Historical Art Series
OF THE
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance,
entitled: The Magic City.
Cut cut this Coupon and mail to the Oolo-
gist with ten cents instamps or silver, and
receive Portfolio No. 1
ota) Vad Vad Val Yad Dab Vad Vad bab Val bad bad Vad Pal tad bad Yad Vad bab Pad Vad bab Pad bad Pad)
:
:
ee a PS a Bf Pe
Ya) bed Fa) Yah Vad -bab Pad Yah Yad Yah Fab tad bad Pah -Vab tad Vad Pah bad Yad Vad Vad ta) Vad Vad lal
COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 2, 3
The OéxLoeist’s Historical Art Series 5
OF THE
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance,
Entitled: The Magic City. »
Cut out this Coupon and mail it to the
DVD Vad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Pad Dal
5 Oologist, with ten cents in stamps or silver
3 and receive Portfolio No. 2.
a a eR a a el
Neb SLOT ere peer}
Monthiy.
«
VOL. XI. NO. 2.
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ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1894.
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4
WHOLE No. 100
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ ‘‘Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
‘for 50¢ per 35 words.
“word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
“NEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only
-and according to conditions stated thereon.
is an opportune time for ¥YQU torenew your subscription to theQOOLOGIST
for 1894, and it in arrears to make an early settlement of the same.
Whether
‘this reminder applies to you or not,is it not high time that Y GU sent us at least one new subscriber
I WILL exchange specimens, natural his-
tory papers novels, Columbian stamps, etc,
for birds eggs in sevs and oological supplies.
ROY HATHAWAY, Red Key, Ind.
FOR SALE.—$75.00 fine collection of first-
‘Class sets and series with full data for $25 00.
Also watch, 20 bore B UL. shot gun and tele-
scope. A few specimens gold ore. ten cents
each. B.S. BOWDISH, Phelps, N. Y.
WANTED:—Good skins of Black Skimmer,
Florida Cormorant and Carolina Paroquet,
Haye a choice list of skins and sets and would
pay part cash. Write at once to N. HOLLIS-
TER, Box 681, Delavan, Wisconsin.
CORRESPONDENCE is solicited from those
desiring to purchase fine, small-holed Oregon
birds’ eggs, in sets with complete data, the
‘coming season. Price list for a 2 cent stamp.
ARTHUR L. POPS, McMinnville. Ore. ,
TO EXCHANGE:—U, S. postage stamps
and stamped envelopes for Same, or revenue,
‘or Confederate stamps or will pay cash for
“ones wanted. WALTER J. GARVEN, Greens-
boro, Vermont.
FOR EXCHANGE:—A good “Juno” Safety
Bieycle, 28in. wheels, ball bearing. either lady
or gent can ride. Make best offer in eggs,
stamps or books. W. F. WEBB, 3571 Cottage
Grove Ave., Chicago, II.
LOOK !—A collection of ist class singles at
15 per cent discount on Standard Catalogue to
‘exchange for Ist class eggs in sets with data,
of water birds. Hawks and Owls. Send list
aud receive mine. A few sets to exchange. R.
SANDFORD care of A Kirkham, Hastings-
on-the-Hudson, New York.
WANTED:—A good Kodak, any of the best
makes, size No, 2. Will offer fifty dollars
worth of western eggs in sets including White
Faced Ibis, Black Stilt, Least Vireo and others,
also. want stamps in exchange. A. M.
SHIELDS, Stimson Block, Los Angeles, Cal.
FOR EXCHANGE:—A collection of about
fifteen hundred foreign and U. S. stamps,
valued at $5.00. for eggs. JNO. BECKWITH,
Franklin, Tennessee.
EGGS IN SETS and singles and all kinds’ of
curios to exchange at any time. O. W. HOW-
ARD, 853 S. Olive St., Los Angeles, Cal.
STUDENT CAMERA, boy’s bicycle and bird
wings sold cheap, foreign stamps on sheets, 12
for 6 cents. FRANK BREHM, JR., Box OC,
Erie, Pa.
TO EXCHANGE, as a lot, for best offer in
Ist_ class sets, the following 2d class singles:
Ridg. No. 5 set %, 47, 23, 93, 12314, 182. 240b, 249,
272, 282, 326, 378, 394, 402, 408, 436, 522, also Ist
class sets of 402 and others to exchange for sets.
A. H. PHILLIPS, Princeton, N. J.
ALLIGATOR SKINS:—We have a number
of first-class Alligator skins, made last Novem-
ber by an experienced hand. Prices prepaid
only: For a 2% Gator, $2.00; 3 ft. one, $2.50;
3% ft., $3.00. Address F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill.
TO EXCHANGE:—“‘Our Birds in Their
Haunts.” (new.) setS with data of Nos. 30a2-1,
289 1-3. 378 1-10, 506 1-5. 593 1-3. 598 1-8, 705 1-4 and
many singles. Also two thoroughbred female
Scotch Coljlie puppies and other articles, to ex-
change for eggs in sets or books on ornithol-
ogy. WM. H. BELL, West Point, Virginia.
t"On the wrapper of this month’s O6LoGIsT you will find some figures fol-
lowing your name.
©OOLOGIST.
These figures you will find fully explained on page 56 of this
34 THE OOLOGIST.
FOR SALE.—5 new 1894 Scott; International
Stamp Albums at $1.50 each. This edition has
been greatly enlarged, F.H. LATTIN & CO.,
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill.
OFFERED —Skins of Mammals, birds eggs,
from Washington, Idaho. Wanted, micro-
scope, camera, aneroid barometer, Compass,
Heavy Revolver.Coues’ Key, Ridgeway’sManual.
J. O. SNYDER,.Puilman, Wash.
I HAVE to exchange desirable sets with
original data and singles. for first-class bird
skins. EDMUND HELLER, 196 Rubidou
Ave., Riverside, Cal. :
FOR EXCHANGE.—A pair of large Elk Ant-.
lers on Skull in good shape, for Kodak Camera
in good order and standard make, also eggs to.
exchange for minerals, shells and curios of all
kinds. ALF. EASTGATSA, Grand Forks, N. D.
A NEW GOLDING $25 printing press, rollers
never used, for best offer in eggs, rocks, Indian
relics or curios. Make offer at once J. W,
MYKRANTZ, Ashland, O.
WANTED:—To hear from all who would
like to exchange eggs with me this season. I
ean collect anything you want in southern
eggs. GEO. F. MIMS, Lock Box 85, Edge-
field, S.C.
NOTICE. I wish to close out my entire col-
lection of minerals. Shells and fossils, so, until
April 1st I will seud $2.50 worth toevery one
senjing me $1.00. Will exchange any of the
above and books for Indian relles. GEO. W
DIXON, Watertown, S. D.
MINERALS and ffrst-class eggs with datas
to exchange for same or egg tools. GEO.
ROBBINS, Front and A Sts., San Diego, Cal.
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —I have first
Judge's prize offered by OOLOGIST (part of May-
nard’s works.) Value $5.00. Will sell for $3.50
or best offer. FRED W. PARKHURST, Bath,
Steuben Co., N. Y.
“The OoLOGIST gives the quickest returns of
any medium I eversaw. Answers tomy notice
came by next mail after receiving my copy.”
ERNEST H. SHORT, Chili, N. Y.
A BOOK of 100 datas with stub perforated
sent postpaid for 30 cents. I will exchange a
limited number for sets of Hawks, Hummers
and Water-birds at 60 cents per 100. Sample
on application. ROY CRIHFIELD, Atlanta,
Tllinois.
A GREAT ISSUE! The January Nidiologist
surpasses any of the ones which have preceded
‘it, Which is saying much. Walter Raine con-
tributes the first installment of a wonderfully
fascinating article on ‘‘Bird-Nesting in North
West Canada,’”’ with two “‘half-tone” illustra-
tions, one of a Pintail Duck’s nest and the
other a portrait of Mr. Raine. A “‘half-tone”’
portrait of the late oologist, Capt. B. F. Goss,
with article by Capt. Chas. E. Ben jire. and an
illustrated article by C. E. Doe on the Ospreys,
are other features. Every issue of this, the
only illustrated? ornithological monthly in
America. is exceptional. You never saw its
like. Single copies are 15 cts. each, but we
send you a ‘sample’’ for 10 cents silver. Better
send a dollar for a year’s subscription and get
free exchange notice which will otherwise now
cost you 50 cents. Back numbers supplied
while they last. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or
NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California.
EXCHANGE:—I have a Winchester single
shot. 25 cal. rifle, has been used but little, a set
of Ideal reloading tools with it. A 388 cal. col-
lecting§ gun. hunting coat, a few bird skins
and the following books: Therapuetics, Its
Principles and Practice, by H. C. Wood. this
book is perfectly new; Home Studies in Phar-
macy; Modern Magic. I will exchange for snr-
veying instruments. old war relics or for books
pertaining to Civil Engineering. W.R. BIRD,
Mason City, Iowa.
WANTED.—First-class eggs in sets for which.
I will exchange minerals, fossils, Curiosities,
books and several specimens that were on ex-
hibition at the Columbian Exposition. JAMES.
J. CARROLL, Lampasas, Texas.
EXCHANGE NOTIC#.—Have seven vols. of
OoLOGIst,one ofScience*‘TaxidermistsManual,”
Brown; "faxidermists’ Guide,” Hurst. Want.
Am. Agriculturists, Abbott’s “stone Age” and
second hand steel traps No’s 0, 1 and 2. AL-
BERT B. FARNHAM, Benning, D. C.
TO EXCHANGE.—Birds in the meat this
winter. Parties who are interested please
write. No cards. H, M. WOLF, Kewanee,
Henry Co, Ills.
I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer-
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins,
Curios, ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Vau,s Har-.
bor, Mich.
LOOK HERE! Ihavearare and beautiful
Fossil (Birds Eye Marble), found no where else.
I will exchange Highly Polished specimens or
Paper Weights for Indian Relics, Rare Fossils.
or Shells. CHARLES BRIGGS, Lisbon, fa.
IOWA COLLECTORS.—I desire to corres-
pond with every Ornithologist in the state,with
a view of extending our observations, send ad-
dress on postal to, DAVID L. SAVAGE,Salem,
Henry Co., lowa.
EGGS —Bald Eagle, Buzzard, Hawks, Hood-
ed and Parula Warbler and nests. Many others,
cheap, cash. Only perfectly safe climbing
gear. adjustable to any size tree. can make.
cheap. can stop anywhere on tree to rest and
have your hands free. Also new style climbers,
not the least tiresome. Stuffed birds. Inform-
ation, terms. prices for stamp. EF. THEO MIL-
LER. Laneaster, C. H. Va.
I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to
that one little exchange in June OOLOGIST than
{ did in all of several other excbange ads. I ven-.
tured in other p:pers, which cost me over $10.
ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan.
FOR SALE:—Scme fine sets of American
Bittern’s eggs of 4and 5 eggs each, first Class,
with data. at 30 cents per gg. Also large lists.
of sets and singles in proportion, and a 38 cal.
collecting gun, nickel plated, 5 spot, with de-
tachable black walnut stock, in good condition.
ELMER J. GILLETT, Barre Centre, Orleans,
Co., N. Y.
COLLECTORS :—I have practically a perfect
contrivance for climbing trees which I have
successfully tried for several years. By its
use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape,
size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and
easy to climb. The device is durable, light.
and easy to manipulate. Price $2.00. For par-~
ticulars address, M C. WHITE, Matthews, Va.
ONE COPY ‘“‘Bir1s of Michigan,” 70 Natural
History papers. single birds eggs and pair of
polished cow horns for good Indian Relics_
SAMUEL H. ROBBE, Bellville, Mich.
THE OOLOGIST. 35.
GOING TO BUILD?
Send for illustrated catalogue. containing 26
handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S
MODERN HovsES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia Australia, Africa, etc.. correctly named
at moderate prices. also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, :
Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
. Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils,
Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy.
Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New
London, Wis.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F.
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
| T have just
imported
| over 500 gro.
eof arificial
leaves. I am now having a plate made and a
list printed. If you think this list would inter-
est you,I would be happy to mail you one. I’m
now stocking up with the best material in the
market and no doubt within a month I will
have the finest stock of supplies in the country.
If you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad-
dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT,
Taunton, Mass.
THE LATEST
Dating Stamp.
1894 to 1899.
SOc.
POST PAID.
Satisfaction Guarant’d
R. W.FORD,
Rubber Stamp Mfr.
BRISTOL, CONN.
Promptly secured. Trade-Marks ~ Coy Ti hts
and Labels registered. Twenty-five Seas eee
perience. We report whether patent can be
secu'ed or not, freeofcharge. Our fee not due
until patent is allowed. 3:2 page Book Free.
H. B. WILLSON & GO., Attorneys at Law,
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON. D. Cc,
CIRCULAR DISYRIBUTERS WANTED
Publishers, Patentees. Manu‘acturers, etc.,
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters,
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue,
to be muiled to business men, new, profitable
and permanent employment to one man,woman
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S.
and Canada. ‘“‘The early bird catches the
worm.’’ Wewanta few such ads. as Brunn’s.
(sample below) to start with in this month’s
MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD.
RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul-—
ars, papers, Samples, etc. through-
W out Blackhawk and surrounding counties
: only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN
Water.oo. Ta.
Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June
90. He began during the summer. That ad.
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept Con-
stantly busy. employs three men to assist him,
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day
distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to
mail 1000 circulars <> —~<+-
A White Grackle.
*
On October 10 or 12, 1893, a farmer
named Dean Miller shot a White Grackle
on his farm one mile west of here. © It
was with a flock of Grackles that were
feeding in a corn field. He shot it and
then had a Taxidermist mount it.
The bird is pure white without the
slightest trace of black, the bill is of a
cream color, the feet are white with a
grayish tint and the eyes are light yel-
low with black pupils.
The bird’s structure shows it to be of
the Grackle species and in all itisa
very handsome specimen.
F. A. Cosy,
Beatrice, Neb.
THE OOLOGIST. 49
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
‘COOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers.
ALBION, N. Y.
FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F.. WEBB,
Editors.
Correspondence and items of interest to the
‘student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.
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os
Mr Howard Cudlip died at the home
of his father, Washington, D. C., in
October last.
Wm. G. Smith, formerly of Loveland,
Colorado, is now conducting an eating
house in Deal, England. If Friend S.
makes as good a landlord as he is a
naturalist his house will be full to over-
flowing at all times.
Mr. J. P. Newell, Jr. of Carthage,
Mo. writes of taking 14 eggs from a
nest of the Red-shafted Flicker besides
leaving four to hatch.
We are indebted to Messrs. Bradford
& Beadles of Mayfield, Ky. for an in-
vitation to the Third Annual Supper of
the K. K. K. (Hunting and Fishing)
Club. The supper was served in old
fashioned camp style and the follow-
ing was the Bill of Fare: Fish. Crop-
pie: broiled, fried; Trout: broiled, fried.
Game. Bear: steak, roast; Venison:
steak, roast: Quail: broiled; Duck: baked
stewed; Squirrel: broiled; K. K. K.:
camp stew; Rabbit: barbecued. Breads.
Corn Light Bread; Baker’s Bread.
Crackers, Pickles, Catsup, Onions, Wor-
cester Sauce, K. K. K. Coffee, Water.
The Menu cards were elegant souven-
irs of the occasion. Sorry we couldn’t
have been there.
<<
Frauds Again.
I am very sorry to be zompelled to
warn my _ ornithological brethren
against any party who offers such eggs
as:—Pac. Kittiwake, Pac. Fulmer, Pela-
gic Cormorant, Arizona Pyrrholoxia and
many other such like sub-specifie rari-
ties. It has painfully dawned upon me
that parties who offer such eggs as the
above “in exchange for common spe-
cies” are to be absolutely avoided if
one would escape mortification and
loss.
Let me embellish this warning with
a bit of humor. A set of ‘‘Rusty”
Grackle offered me with sets of the
above showed, when examined with a
microscope, some erasures, but the
small end of one egg bore, boldly, tho
following overlooked inscription‘ ‘360%”.
This particular egg, then, had at some
time done duty as an egg of the
“Smoky-fronted Jay!” Truly, there is
fun, sometimes, even in failure.
P. B. Peasopy,
Owatonna, Minn.
50 THE OOLOGIST.
Some Winter Bird Notes
Perhaps at no season of the year is
consistent study more remunerative to
the ever observant student of ornithol-
ogy, than in winter.
and summer, when the cleared field
and the woodland,the marsh and treach-
erous slough alike present the activity
of a ‘‘Cherokee Strip,” as the feathered
hosts return to take possession and
rear their broods,excite our enthusiasm
as we note the industry and the thought
displayed on every hand. In winter
our admiration is great as we note the
hardships so bravely met, the reason,
tact, and wit, displayed by those daring
little fellows who, when the pomp and
color of the annual migratory ranks has
passed, remain to battle with frosty
blast and driven sleet and often look
without despair, upon starvation in its
many threats. Now is brought out the
inherent dispositions, so various in the
different species, as each thought, each
nerve is strained to procure food and
detect the many natural enemies. Not
only is the utmost diligence required
but reason, undisguised, is made appar-
ent in each act. The summer of plenty
and content brings forth, in the lower
forms as in the highest, the happiness,
the gayety, attendant upon success.
With man in the arctic wilderness in
winter and with birds exposed to the
same conditions, we find the natures
altered, the altitude changed from one
of exuberance to that of grave reason-
ing and utmost industry as necessity
compels.
Then in winter we may learn much
ofa bird’s depth of thought which it
may command as environment re-
quires.
Very noticeable, during my almost
daily walks about the fields, has been
the apparent absence of three of our
most common and regular winter res-
idents: the Tree Sparrow, Sytzella
monticola, the Junco., Junco hyemalis,
The spring-time —
and the Prairie Horned Lark, Otocoris:
alpestris fraticola. These are usually
to be found in abundance in winter,—
the Tree Sparrows and: Horned Larks-
in the fields feeding upon the seeds of
weeds, which have been allowed to
stand, and the Juncos more frequently
about the shubbery and kitchen door.
The Juncos came here in the fall as:
usual with the Tree Sparrows, but I.
have seen neither since October 28th,
93. Where these birds are if they are-
present at all, I am at loss to know.
Sometime avo, a laborer came to me-
with the information that a ‘‘big hawk”
_was flying round and round a marshy
pond which he had chanced to pass.
T immediately set forth, for it was al--
ready nearly dark. When I came-
within sight, a large bird which I at:
first took to be a male Marsh Hawk,,
was soaring above the coarse grass and!
snow,nucw and then swooping suddenly
down to alight for a moment but as
suddenly to take wing again. As I drew
nearer I recoguized it to be aBarredOwl,
Syrnivum nebulosum. Never before have:
Thad so good a chance to study this.
owl’s method of hunting. It is exceed-
ingly active in flight, soaring fully two-
thirds of the time, as would a hawk.
Its agility in turning suddingly upward:
or downward and in wheeling about.
was remarkable, much after the fashion:
of the iast. It was evidently in search:
of meadow mice. Iwas finally detected’
and his owl-ship made haste in escaping-
over the hills to the woodlands near.
In none of our winter birds is shown:
such a. lovable disposition, combined’
with so much of modest beauty, as im
our common Mourning Dove, Zenai-
dura macroura. This winter a flock, of
about twenty, has made a farm yard
its head quarters, picking up the corn
and seeds, scattered in feeding the
stock. ‘These doves increase very fast,
but many perish in our coldest winter-
weather. Many a cold morning have I
found several of these tender birds.
THE OOLOGIST. 51
huddled together by some stack so cold
that I could pick them up in my hands.
More often have I found them frozen
stiff in a little gronp, entirely lifelike in
position and appearance.
On December 6th, I observed for the
first time, that great tlocks of the Snow
Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis had ap-
peared upon the wintry scene with all
the zest of their frolicsome natures.
They have interested me much. Their
sudden appearance upon the bare ice
of on open lake, where all would alight
within the radius of a few feet, com-
pletely covering the surface, then their
allas sudden and mystic departure to
and among the surrounding hillsides,
leaving the observer staring in amaze-
ment at “where they should be,” and
their altogether restless movements,
render them almost dreamlike. Why
they gather upon the ice and this is a
very characteristic habit of theirs here,
I have been unable, so far, to deter-
mine. Their quaint notes seem to con-
vey to the mind a thought of home-
sickness. The half dozen specimens
taken for my collection were very fat and
I think that they will not lose Sesh here
in Michigan, if we may take their diet
as data bearing upon this point. The
crops contained a large per cent of
wheat, taken from the surface of the
fall-sown fields, with some seeds of the
pigeon grass and other smaller ones
not identified. It is surprising to see
how soon these usually suspicious birds
learn to regard the gunner with the ut-
most fear. Though not uncommon the
Snow Bunting is not of regular occur-
ence in Washtenaw Co.
I wish that I might take you all, on
some pleasant morning, one mile across
the fields tothe border of a lonely little
swamp; at least so it is called, but here
is a place of great attraction at present,
to those who love the study of birds.
At this place in the late fall some dogs
killed a sheep and nearly stripped it of
flesh. Through the snow protrude the
ghastly ribs bearing bits of flesh, and
this is our point of observation, In
quest of the frozen bits of meat come
Downy and Hairy Woodpeckers, Blue
Jays, Chickadees, White-breasted Nut-
hatches, and a huge Red-tailed Hawk.
Here [| have watched all but the Buteo
at one time, and as they tug and quar-
rel and scream their different temper-
ments are shown superbly. How dif-
ferent from the dainty Chickadee, as he
pecks away at some tiny morsel, is the
rowdyish onslaught of, that bully
among birds, the Blue Jay. How dif
ferent from either is the fierceness
with which the mighty Red-tail hauls
and twists on some ligament or ten-
don with beak and talons. Yet all
have in view the one object, food.
Again we find the Great Horned Owl,
Bubo virginianus, charged with crime
and in custody. A neighbor hearing
eries fron? his ill-protected fowls, one
moonlight night,rushed from the house,
gun in hand, just in time to take a wing-
shot at one of these magnificent birds.
The charge of shot merely tipped its
wing and it was taken alive. It has
quite recovered, and is now'in my pos-
session, a fine mate for one of its kind
which I have reared from a downy
chick. Here, as in other places, the
farmer neither appreciates nor cares
to understand, as a rule, the good
which the Hawks and the Owls do him.
He has,in the township, voted a twenty-
five cent bounty for each Hawk or Owl
head presented at the oflice of theTown
Clerk. Crows are honored with a val-
uation of fifteen cents per head. Hence,
every small Loy and Jazy man is try-
ing to earn aliving, by killing the grand-
est, the most imposing order of birds
our country affords. Yet the stealthy
eat and howling cur go free, doing
more damage to fowls than all other
marauders put together. A few misde-
meanors credited to these birds, how-
ever, condemn them all, and the true
lover of birds stands aghast at the wan-
52 j THE COLOGIST.
ton slaughter. Of late a fine Bald
Eagle’s head was presented for bounty,
the learned clerk registered ‘“‘Hawk”
and paid the sum.
In closing these rambling notes I will
but add that there are fewer birds here
this winter, so far, than I have ever
known before. No straggler from the
North bas come to reward my ardent
search. In vain have I looked for rare
Hawks, Owls, Grosbeaks or Crossbills
etc. In their absence however I will
have more time to devote to: our most
common species which are ever with us
and which we should most thoroughly
understand.
L. WHITNEY WATKINS.
Manchester, Mich.
+ 4
Great Horned Owl. ~
F. C. HuBBARD, GENEVA, O.
Bubo Virginianus (GMEL) Great
Horned Owl is well represented in and
around Ashtabula County. During the
season of 1893 three were secured by
54: i THE OOLOGiST.
sportsmen, and Charles Maltbie, a poul-
try raiser on the outskirts of. Geneva,
poisoned a male and female. Some of
his chickens were in the habit of roost-
ing on the fence surrounding the park
in preference to the coop and one morn-
ing when Mr. M. went to feed them he
found one of his best Minorca hens
half eaten up, and supposed it to be the
work of a skunk or some other animal.
Thinking the destroyer might return
the next night to finish the chicken, he
left it in the Same position and sprinkl-
ed it with strychnine. He was rewarded
next morning by finding not a skunk
but a Great Horned Owl which proved
to be a male, and still alive; it ate too
much of the drugged meat to get away.
The following morning a female Owl
was found in the same condition ;neither
were dead and would snap viciously
when poked with a stick. On giving
them a little water the strychnine
quickly did its work. Mr. M. has had
a great deal of trouble with these birds.
The following story rivals the Eagle
who carried off the babe: It was in the
year of ’85 that I had a small terrier
that came very near being carried off
by one of these birds. It was just
growing dark and I was returning from
my work and just entered the lane lead-
ing to the barn when I heard the dog
begin to howl in a most piteous man-
ner in the direction of the front yard
but did not think much of it, supposed
some one had hit him; but when he had
howled for a minute or so I began to
think something was wrong, and on
runuing around the house, what should
I see but one of these pesky birds try-
ing to carry off the dog. ‘The dog soon
proved to big a load for the Owl and he
slowly descended to the ground, drop-
ped the dog and started to fly off, but
Jim, who had been waiting an oppor-
tunity during the struggle was to quick
for him and ‘peppered’ him with a big
charge of buckshot. I had him stuffed
and you can see him by eoming into
the house, which we made haste to do. ©
He was the finest specimen of the Great
Horned Owl I ever saw.
So far | have been unable to find any
of their nests but hope to secure a set
of eggs the coming season.
~~
White-throated Sparrow in St. Lawrence Co.,
Nae
July 19, 1898. As I was entering a
narrow piece of evergreen, chiefly
cedar, woods, situated in a rather low
place, I flushed a White-throated Spar-
row, (Zonotrichia albicollis) from her
nest of four eggs. It was placed on the
ground near a fallen tree, and was
pretty well concealed by the grass and
a bunch of ferns which overhung it.
The nest wasa fine, compact struct-
ure, composed of grasses, weeds, stalks,
ete.,and lined with fine grass and horse
hair.
The eggs resembled those of the Song
Sparrow in size and markings, but
were rather lighter and less heavily
marked than the general run of Song
Sparrows. On blowing one of them |
found incubation to be considerably
advanced. ‘This egg measured .81x61.
Two days later I visited the nest and
found the female’ on it. I approached
within three or four feet of her,’so close
that I could plainly see the yellow ex-
tending from: base of bill to eye, before
she left the nest.
This is the only instance of this Spar-
row’s breeding here that has come un-
der my notice. Davie says they breed
in Northern New York, ‘nesting in
June.’ This, then, was probably a
second set.
C. HouGHTON.
Potsdam, N. Y.
~
Bohemian Waxwings.
On the 14th of Jan., ’91 on coming
out of a neighbor’s house I noticed a
large flock of birds on a tree across the
THE OOLOGIST. 55
“street and on guing closer, to my sur-
prise, found them to be Bohemian
~Waxwings, two hundred or more; but
being away from home and not know-
“ing where to borrow a gun handy I was
-obliged to leave them.
Again in March I saw aflock of Cedar
Waxwings alight in a mountain ash
picking berries that remain on during
the. winter. Upon coming close to
them I noticed four or five Bohemians
in company with them.
Saturday, Dec. 16, 93. Again to-day
I saw five Bohemians in a mountain
ash feeding, but no chance to secure
one; also one Robin in their company.
Of the latter I have seen from one to a
dozen all winter. They feed on moun-
tain ash berries also and stay until
gone. W. E. WEBSTER,
Oskosh, Wis.
> —<$§—< >_> + — =
‘Bald Hagles in Missouri.
Noy. 15, 1893. Ihave just skinned a
very large specimen of the Bald Eagle
that was shot about seven miles north
-of here. It measured seven feet from
tip to tip, was three feet long, weighed
fifteen and a half pounds and was very
fat. It was shot with No. nine shot
while flying. This bird makes the fifth
Eagle that has been captured around
here during the last summer and fall. I
-cannot account for their being here he-
-cause the country is mostly open.
CurRTIS WRIGHT, JB.,
Carthage, Mo.
Another Prolific Flicker.
Having recently read in Davie’s
“Nests and Eggs of North American
Birds” concerning the layings of the
Flicker, I found that it in a measure
coincided with a similar experience of
my own.
On the first of June, 93, as I was out
collecting eggs, I discovered in an old
oak tree about 20 feet from the ground,
ahollow. I noticed near by a pair of
Flickers and thought that they were
seeking this spot fora nest, Stepping
behind a tree and carefully watching
their movements I presently found that
my thoughts were true.
As I knew that the female Flicker
would soon begin laying I carefully
watched this nest. Upon going to the
nest one day I found that some small
boys had discovered it also. I knew at
once that I would have to watch the
nest very carefully. Every day I took
an egg from the nest until at last she
ceased laying. I found to my surprise
that I had taken 40 eggs in 40 days.
I am confident that these were the
layings of a single Flicker as no other
pair during this time was seen in the
immediate vicinity.
R. A. SCHWEER,
Denton, Texas.
>< >_> _<+—
American White Pelican in Illinois.
Perhaps the largest water fowl and
certainly one of the rarest specimens
of ornithology ever seen in this vicinity
was killed at Brooklyn, Illinois, three
miles below here, by Mr. E. W. John-
son on the 29th of October, 1895.
The bird in question is a large peli-
ean, has plumage unstained by blem-
ishes of blood or dirt, is snowy white,
save on the back and shoulders where
a few dun-colored feathers are inter-
spersed.
His kinsman,the Brown Pelican, is a
frequent visitor in these parts, but rare-
ly does the human eye see one of the
big snowy, baggy-pouched birds on
local water.
The dimensions of the bird are as
follows: From one extended wing
point to the other it measures eight
feet, five inches. From the end of the
long bill to the flabby feet is just sixty-
one inchas. The pouch beneath the four-
teen-inch bill is fifteen inches in length
56 THE OOLOGIST.
and eight in depth when stretched
down.
Altogether it is a wonderfully hand-
some bird, and was secured by Charles
Frye, the local taxidermist.
G. L. T., Padueah, Ky.
DECEMBER CONTEST.
Forty-five Judges.
Prize winners and credits received by
each were as follows:
1. Raptores of Michigan, 190.
- 2 Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson, 147.
3. Notes on the Birds of Henry Co.,
Lowa, 94.
4. Collecting at Night, 67.
5 Odlogy, 54.
A years subscription to the OOLOGISN
was awarded to
A Nest of the Canvas-back, 49.
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No. 11. Fred W. Parkhurst,
Bath, N. Y., exact.
2. No.7. Stephen J. Adams, Corn-
ish, Me., 1, 2, 3, 5. 4.
3. No. 44. Frank D. Weeks, Port-
land, Oregon, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.
4. No. 48. Ellis F, Hadley, Dayton,
Oregon, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5.
5. No. 41. A. W. Wallace, Mont-
clair, N. J., 1, 2, 5, 3, 4.
No. 45. L. A. Hawley, New York
City, was also awarded a ‘Standard
Catalogue” for naming the winners.
All prizes were mailed on January
25th.
eo
A New Species of Fish.
A guard tells a good story on a lady
who was visiting a well-known Chicago
lady, and was being shown by her
through the Fisheries Building. She
was in in the salt-water section of the
aquarium, in the very thickest of the
pushing, jostling, crowding mob that
constantly gazed upon the caged deni-
zens of the dcep. Pushing her way
toward the tank where the toad-fishes-
disported themselves, she suddenly ex-
claimed:
“Do look at that great long fish,
squirting water out of his nose! Isn't.
it wonderful!”
The long fish referred to was a lead
water-pipe leading from the top to the
bottom of the section: through which
was sent a constant stream of salt
water which came out in sprays.
through a number of little holes in the
end of the pipe.
But she wasn’t the only person who:
was dleceived by these pipes that spray-
ed salt water in the various sections.
Occasionally a countryman would ba
heard to exclaim:
“Gee whiz! look at that long eel! I
never saw an eel squirt water that way
before!"— From ‘“Undercurrents of
Humor from the Fair,” in Demorest’s.
Family Magazine for January.
>< <> +
Figures of Importance.
Examine the number following your
name on the wrapper of this OoOLOGIST.
This number denotes the time when
your subscription expires or has expir-.
ed.
56 signifies your subscription expired June, 1890:
62 be we ch wt Dec. “é
68 ng x bs June, 1891)
TA ae ee oe ee Dec. oe
80 “ i uh “ June, 1892:
86 oe ee “ee oe Dec. oe
92 ef i s oo June, 1893.
98 ee oe be oe Dec. oe
104 hes u will expire June, 1894
110 ee oe be oe Dec. ee
We are desirous of straightening our
subscription books at once and trust.
our subseribers will send in their sub--
scriptions for ’94 including all arrear-
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this.
are as follows:
*567— $2.25. ‘627°—$2,00. °68"—$1.75. ‘°74"—$1,50)
“80?°—$1,25. ‘'86”"—$1.00. ‘‘92"—75ce. *‘98’’ —50c.
Should you desire to discontinue
your subscription to the OSLOGIST your
indebtedness to us is 50 cents less than
the above amount. The figures are:
according to our books Jan. 20, 1894,
and renewals received since that date
have been credited on our books, but
not on the wrapper.
From Mr. A. W. Baylis of Iowa we-
have received a pair of the slickest 1894
calendars that, as yet bas been our
privilege to gaze upon.—Many thanks.
The Young Oologist © The Oologist
Comprising together the most popular magazine, devoted to Birds, thetr
Nests and Eggs, ever published.
Appreciating their value, the publishers have reserved a limited quantity of each
issue to supply future demands. They have now, all told,
LESS THAN FIFTY COPIES OF EACH ISSUE.
Collectors will readily see the advisability of Completing their Files or obtaining a
Complete Set at once!
Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not obtainable at any price
&=-O8CONTENTSSO@
The following table of contents enumerates some of the principal articles in each issue. The
“short articles’ mentioned are one column or less in length and are all of great value to the
student.
Not mentioned in the list of contents, each issue contains one or two pages of “items” or
“brief notes,’’? one column to four pages of exchange notices, and from three t» eight pages of
advertisements, besides a ‘‘query column which occurs in many, although not all, issues.
‘THE YOUNG OOLOGIST.
VOLUMETI. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 12 each con-
tain 16 pages. Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10each contain-
20 pages. No. 11 contains 36 pages.
No. 1,—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs,
(3 pages): Coues’ Key; Twenty-four short ar-
ticles. May, 1884.
No. 2.—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs,
concluded, (2 pages) ; Painted Buntings; Cala.
Mottled Owl; List of Birds Found at Mon-
treal; 24 short articles. June, ’84.
No. 3.—Maine Items; Yellow-headed Blackbird;
Orchard Oriole; The Slip System; Wilson’s
Thrush; Hand-book of Agassiz Association;
23 short articles. July, ’84.
No. 4.—Screech Owl; Importance of Identifica-
tion; A La. Heronry; Cardinal Crosbeak;
HRagle’s Nest; How to Make and Use Bird
Lime; 14 short articles. Aug., 84.
Wo. 5.—Bird-nesting—To Collect Scientifically,
(8 pages); Cala. Birds; From Wyoming; 22
short articles. Sept., ’84.
No. 6.—Bobolink, (2% pages); Sea Birds of
Maine; Egeing in Cala. Swamp; Old ‘‘Put”
and the Bird’s Nest; List of Wisconsin Birds;
12 short articles. Oct., 84.
No. 7.—Bronzed Grakle; Singular Duel; Fish
Hawk; Spurred Towhee and Least Tit; Old
“Put” ana the Bird’s Nest; Bird Island; 14
short articles. Nov., 784.
No. 8.—The Alligator; Collecting in Marshes;
Woodcock; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts;”
Iowa Notes; Redstart; Summer Redbird: 18
short articles. Dec., °8.
No. 9.—Baltimore Oriole; Texas Jottings; Sap-
suckers; Barn Owl; American Ornithologists’
Union, (3 pages); How to Handle a Gun;
Black-capped Titmouse; Egg of the Moa. Jan.
No. 10.—Winter Wren; Cala. Duck Hunting;
Screech Owl;Davie’s Egg Check List; Pea-
‘ cock with Queer Tastes; White-bellied Nut-
atch; Blue Jays; Spotted Robin Eggs; 8
short articles. Feb., ’85.
Wo. 11.—Bank Swallow; English Sparrows;
Study of Birds; Gt. Horned Owl; Yellow-
billed Cuckoo; Gambel’s Quail; Conn. Notes;
Intelligence of the Oriole; Yellow-breast
Chat; Maryland Yellow-throat; White-
Rumped Shrike; List of Pacific Coast Birds;
Knights of Audubon; Sample Data Blanks,
(4 pages) ; 32 short articles. March, ’8.
Wo. 12.—Completes Vol. I. Title pages for
binding, with complete and exhaustive inex,
(8 pages.) April, °85.
VOLUME TI. consists of but two numbers.
Each contains 32 pages.
No. 138.—Bartram’s Gardens; South Carolina
Observations, (6 pages); Scientific Names;
Gt. Horned Owl; Bank Swallows; Knights of
Audubon; Hummingbird; R. I. Notes; Texas
Jottings; 30 short articles. May, ’85.
No. 14.—American Crossbill; Audubon’s Birds
of America; Ilincis Notes; Destruction of
Birds; Cuckoos; Cala. notes; Wrens on the
Warpath; Golden-winged Warbler; Fox
Sparrow; Our Winter Birds: Snipe Creek;
Red-head; Wisconsin Jottings; Burrowing,
Owl, etc.; A Florida Trip; Horned Lark;
Queer Homes and Nesting sites; Brave Bird 3,
Ferruginovs Rough Leg; Sparrows; Pigmy
Nuthatch; 26 short articles. June, ’85.
THE OOLOGIST.
Volumes III. and IV. are Bi-Monthly. The
remaining volumes are Monthly.
VOLUME ITI. each issue averages 12 pages.
No. 15.—F ull page Frontispiece.—American Wa-
ter Ouzels and Nest; Chester Island and the
Marsh Wrens; Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y.,
(44 pages); A Cheap Cabinet; Nest of the
Black-and-white Creeper; Summer Birds
about Washington, D. C.; Davie’s Nests and
Eggs of N. A. Birds; Water Blowpipe; 5
Short Articles. Jan. & Feb., ’86.
No. 16.—Vagary of a Collector (Great Horned
Owl, Climbing Strap); A,Hunt for Tern Eggs;
Birds of Cortland Co.,'N. Y¥.; Notes from
North Carolina; Whip-Poor-Will; Nest of the:
Brown Creeper; Black-billed Cuckoo Deposit-
ing Eggs in a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s Nest;
Cannibalism of the Red-headed Woodpecker ;
23 short articles. March & April, 86.
No. 17.—History of a Bird-Box; Tree Sparrow;
Nests of the Green Heron; Bird Notes from
Iowa; A Difficult Climb after a Red-tailed
Hawk’s Nest; Review of the Check-Lists of
N. A. Birds, with special Reference to the
new A. O. U. List (3 pafes); The State of
Maine as a Field for the Ornith@logist; 16
short articles. May & June, ’86. :
No. 18.—My first White Crane’s Nest; Spring
Notes; Notes from Chester County, Pa.;
Turkey Buzzards; How to Make a Cabinet;
Chewink Nests in a Tree; A Cabinet fora
large Collection; 13short articles. Jy.&Aug.,’86
No. 19.—Collecting on Long Island; Chimney.
Swift; A Day with the Loons; Illinois Bird-
Notes; Marsh Wrens; A Plucky Wood Pewee:
THE OOLOGIST.
i
Minnesota Notes; Yates County (N. Y.)
Notes; 8 short articles. Sept. to Nov., 86.
Wo. 20.—Completes Volugne 4if. Title pages for
pinding, with complete and exhaustive Index
of Volumes II. and III. Dec., 86.
VOLUME IV.. Each issue averages 12 pages.
No. 21.—Birds of Chester County, Penn. (10
pages); Chestnut-sided Warbler; Massachu-
setts Letter; Bills of Birds; 3 short articles. |
No. 22.—Notes from Spoon River Region, Thli-
nois; Peculiarities of the Ruby-throated
Hummingbird; Purple Gallinule; How to
Collect; Bird Surgery; Rufous-vented and
Bendire’s Thrashers and Canon _Towhee;
Newsy Items; Notes from College Hill, Ohio,
Nesting of our Swallows; Notes from Sulli-
van Co., N. Y.; Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher;
Notes from Connecticut; Fidelity of the Song
Sparrow; 13 short articles. March to May,’87.
Nos. 23-24. Combined number,—Tour in the
Woods at Fort Washington, Pa.; National
Museum (Department of Birds, Nest and
Higgs); Beaver County, Pa. Notes; Black-
‘capped Chickadee; Hawking: Agassiz ASSo-
ciation and its Work; Crow Roosts of New
Jersey; Swainson’s, Warbler; Destroy the
Cowbird; Traill’s and Acadian Flycatchers ; %
short articles. June to Sept., 787. ;
Nos. 25-26. Combined number,—Gannet; White
Pelican; Black-capped Chickadee; Mocking-
bird: Late Collecting; Yellow-breasted Fly-
catcher; 5 short articles. Oct. to Dec., *87.
VOLUME V. 16 pages each issue.
No. 27.—Brown, 'tncasher; Bald Eagle; Shoot-
ing a Golden Eagle, Florida Jottings: De-
structive Nesting (English Sparrow) ; Arctic
Terns; Notes from Lincoln County, Maine:
Acadian Flycatcher; Red-shafted Flicker; 14
“short articles. Jan., °85. 3
No. 28.—Title pages for binding, with complete
and exhaustive Index of Volume IV.; Egg ot
Apyornis Maximus, the Colossal Bird of Mada-
agascar (64% pages); Fish Crow. Feb., ’88..
No. 29.—Jcterus spurius,; Water Blowpipe,
Cardinal Grosbeak; Kansas Notes; A Moon-
light Trip; Among the Coots on St. Clair
Fiats; Brown Thrush in Confinement, 9 short
~ articles. March, ’88. ’
No. 320.—Boat-tailed Grackle; Destruction of
our Native Birds (4 pages); Gleanings from
Correspondence: Nest in a Horseshoe; 6 short
articles. April, ’88. i
No. 31.—Oology (Advice to Collectors); Bald
Eagle; A Snipe Hunt; Notes taken at Norris-
town, Pa.; Nidification of Ictinea mississippr-
ensis; Among the Warblers; Chestnut-sided
- Warbler: 6 short articles. May, °88.
No. 32—Family fRallidae in Michigan (8%
pages); Egg Collecting; Bird Voices; Road
Runner: Motes on the Birds of Beaver, Pa.; 3
short articles. June, ’83. Q
No. oj.—Loon ow Great Northern Diver (2
pages); Eggs of Mississippi Kite; Nesting of
Prown Pelican; Breeding Habits of American
Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88.
os. 24-35. Combined number.—Reriniscences
of 1886; Trip to Seven MileBeach; Defense of
ius; Micid Work In Waukesha Co., Wiscon-
sin; Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black
Snowbird; Notes for Collectors; Some of our
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo
International Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep.
Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os-
prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes;
A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con-
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake
County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A
Pleasant Excursion; Sp..wrows and Cat; Her-
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu-
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct.,Nov.
Wo. 35.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afternoon’s Col-
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N.
.
BH. Indiana; Bank Swallow; Faunal Changes,
—DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ;
10 short articles. Dec., ’88
VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue.
No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete
and Exhaustive Index of Volume V. ; Breed-
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul-
iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus; Cuckoos: Notes
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short
articles. Jan., 89.
No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6%
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ;
Birds of lowa; The ‘‘Critic’’ Criticised; 8
short articles. Feb., 89.
No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam-
mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary;
Birds of Macon County, Ga. ; Collecting Ex-
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short
articles. March, ’89.
No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (8 pages) ; Nest-
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets
and Eges of a Few of our Commoner Birds ;
Difference between White-rumped and Log-
gerhead Shrikes; Birds of Grafton Co., N.
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check-
List: 6 short articles. April. 78).
No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y.
(64% pages): The Robin; The Crow in the
North; Bald Eagle’s Mest: Making Bird
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89.
No. 44.—Birds ot Matthews Uo., Va.; Changes
in the Nesting of Birds; Coilecting Tour in
Wiorida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference
between White-rumped and Loggerhead
Shrikes: Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota;
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles.
No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas
Notes: Goldfinch in Confinement; Burrowing
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond-
ents; 5 short articles. July, ’89.
No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida
(2 pages) : Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk ; Untime-
ly End of a Set of Brown-beaded Nuthatch
EKggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ;
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz
Association: 4 Short articles. Aug., ’89.
No. 47.—Old Abe” Jr.: A Day’s Collecting
Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow-
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower,
Flight of Ducks; White-eyed or Florida Tow-
hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short
articles. Sept., 89.
No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County,
Mich. (2% pages): American Long-eared
Owl; Wood fbis in Illinois: Birds of Gertie
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A
White Sparrow; Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds; Black Tern; § short articles.
No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel-
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill;
Birds Moving their eggs: Cardinal Grosbeak :
To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of
the Birds of North America arranged accord:
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) 55
short articles. Nov., ’89.
No. 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from
our Correspondence: Marsh Hawk; Yellow:
headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12
short articles. Dec., ’89. 3
VOLUME VII.
No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete
and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes
on Florida Birds (8 pages) ; Ornithology and
Bicycling; Audubon Ornithological Club;
Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen:
Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter
Swan;4short articles. Jan., 90. {
No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-headed Nvt-
THE OOLOGIST.
hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex-
perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob-
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood-
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat-
catcher and Tufted Tit: 6 short articles. Feb.
No, 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista
County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida;
Birds of Mackinac Island. Mich.; Among the
Gulis on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even-
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac-
tus Wren; Screech Ow! in Captivity ; Taking
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, 790.
No. 54.—Caged Eagles: [evening Grosheak (2
pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Rea-
bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family
Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ;
Hardly Ornithological, 10 short articles. Apr.
No. 55..—Do Birds Mate More than Once?;
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated
Woodpecker in Florida: Bird Protection;
Chimese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon;
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A
Valuable Work; Davie’s New Work on Taxi-
dermy ; 12 short articles. May, ’90.
No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster-
catcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird: Albi-
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re-
cording the number of Birds Observed : Book
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural
History Camp (4% pages) ; 12 short articles.Je.
No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe?
Voracious Mountain Trout: Yellow-billed
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough-
winged Swallow; Great Horned Ow]; Some
Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant;
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler ; 12 short articles.
No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas:
White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita-
tion: Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici-
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti-
cles. Aug., ’90.
No. 59.—The Use of the Camera tn the Wiela:;
Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the
Biack Snowbird: Marsh Hawk. Plain Tit-
mouse: Lost Opportunities; The Magnolia
Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short
articles. Sept., ’90.
No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field.
A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated with 4
photo engravings); The Flathead (Montana)
Field; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A
Coliecting Adventure, The Ruby-throated
Hummingbird, Ornithologists at Indian-
apolis; The Burrowing Owl: After ‘‘Gators’
Bees: Notes from Northern Minnesota.
Oct, ’90.
No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingbird
(Fairies in a Fairyland) (8% pages); Notes
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham-
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habita-
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con-
topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver
Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi-
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias, The Pro-
thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia
Rail; The Yellow Rail in Mich.; An Outline
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 Short arti-
cles. Nov., ’90.
No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New Hampshire;
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes
from ilang Lake, Florida; 3 short articles.
Dec.. *90.
VOLUME VIII. No. 63 contains 24 pages.
No. 64, 32 pages. No, 66-67. 86 pages inclndiug
cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers
Ne 74 also contains an additional 4 page in-
set.
No. 63.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The
Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co., N. J.: Now,—
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar-
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow
Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow-
Bird's nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk;
On Owl's Tenacity to Life; Western Horned
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg;
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy;
5 short articles. Jan. 91,
No. 64.—Flycateher Notes; Collecting in the
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel-
low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird;
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col-
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect-
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with
complete and exhaustive ingex for Vol. vii.
4 short articles. Feb. °?1.
No. 66.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ougel;
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘The English
Sparrow Must Go”; Fond Mothers: Passen-
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST: Caracara or Mex-
ican Eagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Harly
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged
Bawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91
No. 68-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the.
Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(644 pages); Ran- .
dom Notes onthe Belisd King-Asher; The
Euglish Sparrow! A Few Articles for the
Cellector; Screech Cwl; Western Meadow
Iuark; Hermit Thrush; dves urdis. A Much
Occupied Neat! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting
of the Red-talled Hawk: Cooper’s Hawk: The
Eagles of North America: Nesting of the
Black-caypped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co.,
Mich. ; Nesting of the Purple Finch: The Red
eyed Vireo; Bird Lite of an Islet; Migration
of the Canada Goose; Association of Azner'-
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright's
Flycatcher :8 short articles. Apr. and May "91.
No. 62—The Hummingbirds of California;
R Pheasant: The Carolina Wren; Ameri-
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi-
gan Ornithology: A Duty to Porform: Great
Eorned Owl; Wnemies of Our Feathered
Friends; Queer. Neighbors; Bird Migration.
June ’91.
No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair
of Brown "Thrashers; The Chewink in Or-
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black-
billed Cuckoos; Changes in “Michigan Orni-
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The
Wrens of North Caroling: What causes the
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better
Report from Texas; Items of Interest from
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. 91.
No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru-
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome
Co.. N. Y.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip
to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha-
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car-
olina Snow-bird: Black and White Creepers;
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes
from Oregon: Answers to that Turkey Vul-
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz-
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s
Fair Notes: Aug. 91.
No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping War-
bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar-
row in Bay City, “Mich; Michigan Notes;
Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow; A Rap-
THE OOLOGIST.
bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslows
Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and
Ornithologists ;The Ruby-throated Humming-
bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found
a Killdeer’s Nest;Range of the Towhee; Owls
as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted
Grosbeak Widower; 5 short arts Sept. 791.
No. 72.—The Sereech Owl; The Divers: In Fa-
vor of an Organization: What is the Most
Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink
Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists
Association; Harlan’s Buzzard and the Red-
tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s
Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ-
ation of Scientists; A Trip to Cobb’s Island;
One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in
Northwest Canada.” ‘Fremde Hire im Nest.”
5 short articles. Oct. ’91
No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely
Letter: Western Robin; Western New York
Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed
Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo-
gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or
“Chewee”; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts’;
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found
Breeding in the Vicinity of Peoria Il1ls;
World‘s Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon
Load. Novy. ’91
No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet-
packed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo-
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in
Arkansas;Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting
in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu-
tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War-
bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar-
tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe,
World’s Fair Notes. This number also cor-
tains a 4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology.
Mech 29k
VOLUME Ix.
No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada;
Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo-
gists Association; Western New York Natur-
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak;
Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The
Bronzed Grackle, Prizes for Best Articles;
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager;
“The Way ofthe Transgressor is Hard”’;*‘Our
Birds in Their Haunts.”’ 5 short articles, this
No. also contains a plate in two colors of
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92. ,
No. 76—Title pages for binding with complete
and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy
—The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated) ; Yellow
Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four
Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated Wood-
pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for
Bald Eagle Nestsin Florida; Partridges and
Their Relatives; Notes on Some Peculiar
Eggs; Collecting on the Farallone Island;
Our Winter Visitors;3 short articles. Feb-
ruary ’92.
No. 77 A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an
engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom-
estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Warb-
ler’sSong; Some of Our Thrushes; The Spec-
imens I Didn’t Get; Notes from South-west-
ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip
Through ‘“Wa-hoo Hammock;” A True Nat-
uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early
Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of
the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s
Nestin Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut;
The Crossbill in Iowa; Notes from the Vir-
ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds;
Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March
2s
No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en-
graving); Lanius Boreal’son Deck; A Vaca-
tion with the Birds; The Ibis of Ledworth
Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The
Black Railin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino
Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes
from Nova Scotia; Scientific Names, Their
Use and Beauty; Pointers on Making Bird
Skins; Collecting on an European Islet; The
Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors;
A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic
Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well;
Hleven short articles. April 92.
No. 79.—Acanthis Linaria; Bird Notes from Or-
egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or
Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Kag-
les: Among the *‘Blue-grays’”’; Treatment of
Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip After Beach
Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step
in the Right Direction; A Winter Acquain-
tance; Are Crows Beneficial?; Spring Open-
ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s.
Song; Wilson’s Snipe; Notes from Southern
Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May ’92.
No. 80.— A Taxidermist’s Camp (engraved
Frontispiece) ; The Purple Finch; South Dak-
ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh-
bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.; A
Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey
Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co.,
N. Y.; Two rare nests, The Chestnut-sided
Warbler; Six short articles. June ’92.
No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood-
pecker; Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co.,
No. Car.; California Bush-Tit; Nighthawks
in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in
Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed
Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five
short articles. July °92.
No. 82.—Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The
Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on
the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag’
pie; An Oological Trip in Central Illinois;
Iowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co.,
Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles
August ’92.
No.83.—The Breeding Warblers of Western New
York; A Tramp Through Wood and Marshes
in Eastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the
Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar
Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali-
fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin-
iscences ; Six short articles. Sept. ’92.
No. 84. The History and Mystery of Jacob
Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus
Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A
Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbirds;
G collecting Expedition; Five short articles.
ct. °92.
No. 85.—Osteology for Amatuers; Buzzard
Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar-
ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid-
dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush
Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks.
Eggs. November ’92.
No. 86.—‘‘Cut of Eggs of California Murre’’;
Professional Egging; or the Collecting of
Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of
North Carolina Birds Eggs; Report of West-
ern New York Naturalists Association; Two
Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology ;
To the Ornithologists of Dliinois; Cerulean
Warbler. December ’92.
No. 87.—A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold-
en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an
Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of
Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and
Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co.. Mich;
The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New
York Clty; Two Warblers; A Collection of
North Carolina Birds Eggs ; Wanted—Advice,
Twoshort articles. January 798.
No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer
Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col-
lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for
Amateurs; A Collection of North ‘Carolina.
THE OOLOGISY.
Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California
Vulture; A Lucky Day; Winter Collecting or
Something about Owls; The Sagacity of Fish
Hawks: American Gosbawk in Illinois; Tb
Yellow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul
tures Eggs; Twenty-one Short Notes. Ieb
ruary “93.
No. 49 —Chat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of
Michigan: The Winter Visitors of Central
Park, N. Y.; Another Day with the Birds of
Southern California; The Loggerhead Shrike
of Florida: How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A
Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes Aura;
The American Bittern; The Barred Owl:
Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds:
Great Horned Owl in Iowa; Four short
articles. March 793.
No. 90.—RAPTORES OF MICcHIGAN—American
Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, etc.: A
Collector’s Gun:The Rough-winged Swallow:
A Criticism; Nesting of the Blue-winged
Yellow Warbler; scenes From the Lite of
Alexander Wilson—Wilson in = Scotland;
Queer Myths about Birds; Band-tailed Pig-
eons; Caspian or Imperial Tern; A Tri-
eolored Blickbird; Another: California Trip:
Tllino’s River Valley from an Ornithological
Standpoint; Tribulations of the Oovologist
(Poetry); ‘'wo short notes. April 7938.
No. 91. On the Habits of the Calitornia Quail
in New Zealand; Courtesy and Business in
Exchanging; The Raptores of Omaha and
Vicinity: A Few Hints on Camping; Short-
billed Marsh Wre2; The Prairie HornedLark;
Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the
Life of Alexander Wilson—His Early Ameri-
can Career; Among the Snake Birds: Tri-
nominal Nomenclature; Fifteen short ar-
ticles. May 793.
No, 92.—Taking tae Eggs of the Peregrine
Falcon: Remarkable Flight of Geese; A Trip
for Loon’s Eggs; Scenes from the Life of
Alexander Wilson—Wilson and Bartram the
Naturalist; Floridian Races; The Embry-
ology of a Bird: How to Visit the World’s
Fair;A FewMoreHints onScientiticOsteology ;
Seven short articies. June 793.
No. 938. A Study in Orange and Black; Birds
as Pets; A Heroury: Notes from Yamhill
Co , Oregon; Rare Nesting; Scenes from the
Life of Alexander Wilson—The Planning of
His American Ornithology; The Chimney
Swift; Among the Least Bitterns: The Amer-
ican Magpie; The Pintail Duck. July 793
No. 94.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson Journey to tne Falls of Niagara;
Twice used Hummingbird’s Nests. Notes on
the Nesting Habits of the Scissor-tailed Fly-
catcher: Nesting Habits of the Hades Plung-
er; The History of a Cowbird’s Egg; Black
Tern; The Plumed Partridge: The -Long-
erested Jay in Colorado: Hash; A Mammoth
Egg; Twelve short articles. August ’93.
No. 95.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—The Progress of His Undertaking;
The American and Least Bitterns in Henry
Co., Ill.: Cruising and Science; The Rose-
breasted Grosbeak at Home: A Narrow Es-
cape: The Sap-sucker; The White-tailed Kite
and Prairie Faleonin California; The Fair;
Four short articles. September ’93.
No. 96.—Seenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—The First Volume of the American
Ornithology; Raptores of Michigan—Broadad-
winged Hawk. Red-shouldered Hawk, etc.;
Auld Lang Syne; The Marsh Hawk and Its
Eggs; The American Woodcock; Nesting
Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens in
Travis Co., Texas; Death of B. F. Goss; A
Day in the Wocds; Bird Wit and the Lack
of It. October ’93.
No. 97.—Some Notes on the Wild Turkey;
Raptores of Michigan—American Rough-
legged Hawk, Golden Eagle, Bald Eagle,
American Long-eared Ow], ete.: With wvhe
Prairie Warbler; Migration: Sharp-shinned
Hawk: Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch
Raven, Baltimore Co., Md.; The Game Bird
of the Prairie; Sora and Virginia Rails;
Eight short articles. November 7°93.
No 98.—Collecting at Night (Poetry); Oology:
Not a Criticism; A Nest of the Canvas-
back; Scenes from the Life of Alexander
Wilson—His Southern Subscription Tour;
Notes on the Birds of Henry Co, Iowa;
Raptores of Michigan-—Short-eared Owl,
Barred Owl, Saw-whet Owl, etc.; A Peculiar
Nesting Site; Six shortarticles. December
93
No. 99.—Title pages for binding with acom-
plete and exhaustive index for Vol. X; Rap-
tores of Michigan—Screech Owl.GreatHorned
Owl: A Collecting Trip in Florida; Western
Warbling Vireo; The OOLOGIST’S Exhibit of
Birds Eggs at the World’s Columbian Ex-
position—A Complete Li-t of the Exhibitors
and the Sets They Exhibited (614 pages):
January ‘94.
—— >
Our Prices for Back Numbers of the
YOUNG OOLOGIST
NINDS Wise,
OOLOGIST
Will, during 1894, remain as
quoted below
After which the prices of many numbers will be
advanced and possibly not obtainable at any
price. Should you desire back numbers to com-
plete your file. NOw is the time to pu' chase. You
Can never obtain them for less money and possi-
bly not at any price. as our stock ranges from
only 5 to 50 copies of an issue.
Our prices until Feb. 1, 1S95, are
as follows:
Nos.18, 21,32, 42 are 20cts.each.
Nossa 4s > Simon. MOn uh muiES
and 90.15 cts. each.
Nos. 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 34-35, 87,
88, 89, 10cts. each.
t= All other numbers, 5c. per
copy.
FOR ONLY $4.50 CASH we will send
by retnrn mail a copy of every issue published—
Nos. 1 to 98 inclusive.
FOR ONLY 50c. we will senda package of
twenty (20) all back numbers. our selection.
FOR ONLY $1.00 we will send a package
of forty (40) back numbers, all different, our se-
lection.
Our price for back Nos. of the YOUNG OOLO-
GIST and OOLOGIST in volumes, are a3 follows:
Vol. I. YOUNG OOLOGIST, Nos. 1 to 12........ $ 60
spelile “s te ROT ures eee eee 15
COTTE THE OOLOOIST, Ca EOLA eee ane 40
lI, up sf ** 21 to 25-26... 40
OWs s : LOCO) Stole oe 60
“VI se ‘ SS OGODO see 60
HEEL fot flit CO bail wo 60
‘““WIIT fe ss pty 50
‘TX, se ss OO ITB) 1HO) Glues a. 80
BeaXe oe we US AS TKO) GfSh seco 70
F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
Albion, N. Y.
THE OOLOGiSY.
Patented May 6, 1890.
IME IN est I Seveops Spe) Gre!
Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays.
AGENTS WANTED.
SEND FOR CIRCULARS.
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market.
NIAGARA PALS.
Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoaisr will visit them during the
World’s Fair year and they should make it a pomt to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Falls street, only a te w steps from R.
R. Depots—Hlectric car line passes by its entrance—-and G ~upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LarGEsr COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
i Guaranteeing 0,000. Kor
Oily 10 cents (regular price
| Scents.) your name, if 1e-
ceived within next 80
\ duys, wil be BOLDLY
printed on gummed
” paper, and from Pub-
I) lishers, Manufactur-
ers and others, you
Hg) Will receive hundreds
| probably thousands,
Beall a + of valuable Books,
Rad belli, Samples, Papers, Maga-
WSiiis ae as, etc. Ad fieenad
SANG F 3 , parcel with one of
SSUES a ¢ boldly printed ad-
GicoseS pasted thereou. -.TRAY! We will also
print and prepay postage vf 500 of your gummed
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6,
13891. DEAR Si1rs—My 500 addresses received. From
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory [
have received over 8,000 parcels of mail. My
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac-
turers, etc. are arriving dailv,on valuable parcels of
(uail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE,
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY ¢
Department No. 171, Philadelphia ,Pa.
Ay] QUENOIRESTORG Saenr:
Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest,
v7 strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, E
“A most accurate, most compact, and most
modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. f
Catalogues mailed free by
The Marlin Fire Arms Co.,
NEw Haven, Conn., U.S. A.
LHE OOLOGIST. 63
>THE 9 : NOW
sansresr HOLIA'S Fait BOOK sin
We take pleasure in announcing ah we hays made arrangements with the
THE MAGIC CITY
To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the O6LO-
GIsT at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen
consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo-
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S FAIR and the
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W.
Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public.
They constitute a splendid series of
Over 300 ewe
In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance,
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and
guns wild and curious races of people.
More than $50,000 have been expended in the preparation of this truly mag-
nificent work, and $50,000 more will be expended during the next few weeks in
completing it. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer
at the Fair, collecting histon ical materials and securing the grandest array of
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won-
derful features of the Brenton Exposition that human eye ever beheld.
These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and
from which the best views could be obtained.
In,jaddition to the photographs secured bv these special artists, the publish-
ers also had the pick and choice of those taken by the Official Photographer of the
United States Government.
THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho-
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume,
11x14 inches in size.
ONE COUPON AND'TEN CENTS GETS IT!
THE MAGIC CITY is published in 16 consecutive parts or portfo-
lios, each portfolio containing 16 to 20 of these splendid original Photographs and
Historical descriptions. The photographs could not be purchased separately for
less than $1.00 to $1.50 each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly in-
ferior views of this size. Portfolios Nos. 1 to 4 are now ready. Cut out the
coupons on this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoGisT, with TEN CENTS
each in ‘stamps or silver, and you will get either or both as you may order. Should
you desire Portfolios Nos. 1 and 2 you will find the Coupons in the January
Oprocisr. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail.
L Yad Vad ad ah bad Tad Vad Yah Dab lab tab Vad Vab-Lal Dab lad Vad Lah ab Vad Veh Vad lab Vad Lab Val
COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 4, &
The Oo.Loaist’s Historical Art Series
OF Wine
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance,
Entitled: Vine Magic City. :
Cut out this Coupon and mail it to ine §
3 OOLOGIST, with ten cents instampsor silver
a and receive Portfolio No. 4.
ea a a a a a a a a
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance,
entitled: The Magic City.
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the OOLo-
GIST with ten cents instamps or silver, and
receive Portfolio No. 3
bY) Vad Vad Vad Vab Vad bad Vad Vad Yah Vad bad Vab Lab bab tad Dab Pad bab Tab bad Dah Yad bab Vad)
L
; OF THE
:
wy PP PP
aa ad waa Ra Sa aa
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64 THE OOLOGIST.
IS A LARGE SUM
TO HAVE
ED UP”
In Shells, Curios, Specimens,
and Souvenir Goods.
during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and
this stock is a surplus one.
The above hits our case exactly and we have move than this
amount ‘‘tied up’ insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the
expense of shipping them there.
If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10,
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup-
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col-
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up-
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a
full and complete Dealer's stock, we now offer you an opportunity
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly
50 per cent. Less
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.
Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up-
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. :
Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove
Ave., Chicago, or if within too miles of either place, call. It will
pay you.
Faithfully,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
&
Aer
Wi ZT!) SRARVRD EIR s
2 = $
a
*
DB ) Q) es
ESS 4 e weeny,
P| %e,
%
cat
Monthly.
VOL. XI. NO. 3.
oe :
)
ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1894.
50c. per Year. “sy
C
WHOLE No. 101
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department
‘for 50¢ per 35 words.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order.
«“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
WANTED.—200 cocoons of Luna, 300 of Poly-
~phemus, 200 To at once. See my ‘‘ad.”. PROF.
CARL BRAUN, Naturalist, Bangor, Me.
WANTED.—A Remington Cane Gun 22 cal.,
address stating lowest price. S. K. BROWN &
SON, 20 E. Penn. Ave., Washington, D. C.
“Enclosed find ‘copy’ and ‘cash’ ($1.00) for
two advs. in March OoLoGisr. Those little
‘ads.’ pay good dividends.”” H.H. FELT, Chi-
- Cago.
LINCOLN WANTED. Relics, manuscripts,
letters, prints, etc.. etc. of Abraham Lincoln,
address C. F. GUNTHER. 212 State St., Chi-
“cago.
WANTED .—Good skins of Snowy. Hawk,
Saw-whet. Tengmalm’s and Screech Owls, Yel-
low-legs, Knot, Curlew Sandpiper, Esquimaux
-Curlew, Osprey. Swallow-tail Kite.Duck Hawk,
Richardson’s Merlin and others, can offer fine
skins and eggs from North-west Canada and
Iceland. WALTER RAINE, Toronto, Canada.
FOR SA LE.—One good collection of coins
and paper money, many very rare. Also one
of Indian relics and other curiosities. Will sell
‘cheap forcash. Value fifty dollars. Will take
twenty-five. All correspondence answereil.
M. M. SMART, Plainfield, Wis.
LEATHER STOCKING TALES.—One large
400-page vol. by mail, postpaid, for 35c.
Craig-Davidson Publishing Co., Helena, Mont.
TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds and Mam-
mals, Game heads. etc.,for birds and mammals
in the meat, fresh skins or Photo Outfit. JOHN
CLAYTON, Lincoln, Maine.
TIN QUARTZ. ‘Fine Cabinet Specimens”
by mail 25c. Also Bad Land specimens cheap.
JOHN CASHNER. City Treasurer, Spearfish,
o. Dak.
I HAVE Vols. XLIX and L of Harper’s Mag-
azine (74 & ‘75) well bound to exchange for
books on Ornithology, Taxidermy, etc. Ad-
dress, STAR COX, No. 5 Longfellow St., Dor-
chester, Mass.
STAMP COLLECTORS —Try our 10 cent
packets. They contain 50 fine varieties, or 150
assorted stamps, from Mexico. Spain, Cuba,
Guatemala, Jamaica and other countries.
State which packet. MEEKER-TOWE STAMP
co.. P. O. Box 296., Bridgeport, Conn.
WANTED.—A copy of Bendire’s ‘“‘Life Histo-
ries of North American Birds.” Can offer good
exchange in first-class sets, a first-class spy-
glass and cash. C. A. PROCTOR, Worcester
Academy, Worcester, Mass.
TOMAHAWK PIPES.—I have for sale a few
fine Indian Stone Tomahawk Pipes. Handle
and all is stone and they are finely decorated.
Prices $2.50, $3.00 and $3 50. Also knives,handle
-and blade one solid piece of stone, about 10 in.
long, price $1.00. Indian Stone Pipes, bowl and
handle both stone and very fancy carving.three
kinds. price $1.10, $150 and $1.75. GHO. W.
DIXON, Lock Box 381, Watertown, S. Dakota.
THE MICROSCOPE is a 24 paged monthly
magazine containing pictures of minute objects
highly Magnified and explained. Price $1.00
per year, 9 cents for Sample copy. We make
an extraordin«ry offer for 30 days only to send
‘the 24 numbers of two years to any new sub-
seriber wbo remits a dollar, or we will enter
you for the balance of this year for sixty cents.
The special premium which we give to sub-
seribers enclosing stamped envelope for it is
some earth containing Diatoms (Nature’s Jew-
‘els)) MICROSCOPICAL PUBLISHING CO.
“Washington. D. C.
ONE HUNDRED Microscopists wanted who
will each send 60 cents in stamps for a slide of
Human Muscle containing encysted Trichinac.
If slide is not satisfactory, return it, and I will
return money. FRANK S. ABY, State Uni-
versity, lowa City, Iowa. ;
WANTED—Hornaday’s Taxidermy. Will
give in exchange all of the following eggs, sets
1-2, 3-3 American Osprey and sets 2-2 Turkey
Vulture. The above are strictly first-class. M.
C. WHITE, Mathews, Va.
WANT TO EXCHANGE.—Blue Jays mount-
ed on fancy decorated stands, ‘‘Beauties.” On
receipt of eggs in sets, first-class only, to
amount of $2.50—will send one nice Jay prepatd.
CHAS K. REED, No. 262 Main St., Worcester,
Mass.
When answering advertisements
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”
66 THE OOLOGIST.
EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Good Watch. cost
$15; also cancelled Columbian stamps for Coues’
Key, revised edition or best offer in skins or
eggs with data. C. H. EVANS, Townshend, Vt.
STAMPS.—25 varieties 6c.. 51) varieties 10c.,
200 assorted 10c., 500 finely assorted 25c., 15 wwn-
used varieties including Spain, Switzerland,
Heligoland, Italy, Bavaria, Cuba. Philippine
Islands. ete. 25e. ROWARD M. GILLET, Leb-
anon Springs, N. Y.
J HAVE Birds Skins Mammal Skins. Mount-
ed Deer Heads. Bison Heads, flint arrows and
old flint lock pistols, live Hawks. Owls,
Foxes, Coons, Porcupine and other specimens
to exchangeor sell. C. F. FITE, Denver. Ind.
TO EXCHANGE.—Birds in the meat this
winter. Parties who are interested please
write. No cards. CHARLES BARBER, La
Porte, Ind. é
TO EXCHANGE.—400 varieties foreign
stamps in International Album. for New Eng-
land bird skins or good book on Ornithology.
R.M. MANDELL, Washington St., Newton,
Mass.
SHOES.—W. L. Douglas $3and $4 shoes. Any
size. Best Shoes in the world for collectors.
Make offers of Eggs and Sets __AJl letters an-
swered. DELBERT S. MUSSER, Anderson,
Ind.
TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggs. 32 cal. Rifie
and Stylographic Pen fora good Camera. All
communications answered. GEO. GRAHAM,
P.O. Drawer C., Gainesville, Fla.
STAMPS.—To exchange for eggs. naturalists
periodicals. etc. Send your list and get mine.
KERR & PERHAM, Sandwich, Ill.
GIST unsurpassed. and aS a magazine, invalu-
able to the collector. I have received not less
than 100 auswers to my exchange notices and
have had Satisfaction in every respect. E. R.
Scongale, Ft. Worth, Tex.
TO EXCHANGE.—2800 old U. S. adhesive
and envelope stamps worth over $35, for Eggs
in singles. send your lists and receive mine.
FRANK H. LORD, Saranac, Ionia Co., Mich.
CAMERA, Roll of Films, World’s Fair Pho-
tographs and Cash to exchange for Printing
Press, Views. Specimens. Skins. Eggs or offers.
WILL D. WOOD, Burlington, Mich.
WANTED. Good clean stamps from Bar-
badoes, Brunswick, Mauritius. Newfoundland.
Nova Scotia, Uraguay. etc. Will give stamps
inexchange. HOWARD M. GILLETT, Leb-
anon Springs, N. Y.
VICK’S FLORAUG GUIDE, 1894.—It contains
descriptions that describe, not mislead; illus-
trations that instruct, not exaggerate. This
year it comes tousinasuit of gold. Printed
in eight different colors besides black. Colored
plates of Chrysanthemums, Poppies and Vege-
tables. On the front cover is a very exquisite
bunch of Vick’s New White Branching Aster
and on the back is the New Double Anemone:
112 pages fflled with many new novelties of
value as well as all the old leading varieties of
fiowers and vegetables. We advice our friends
who intend doing anything in the garden this
year to consult Vick before starting operations.
Send 10 conts to James Vick’s Sons, Rochester
N. Y , for Vick’s Guide, it costs nothing, as you
can deduct the 10 cents from first order. It cer-
tainly will pay you.
' data for sale very cheap
WANTED.—-To exchange, a 25 cal Steven's:
rifle, with globe and peep sights, in fine con-
dition for a Marlin 82, or for cash. lL. A.
BEHRENS, Ivoryton, Conn.
J HAVE South-western eggs in sets with
Parties meaning:
business write me. I wanta copy of ‘‘Ridge-
way’s Nomenclature of Colors,’’ will give eggs
forit. H. SAYLES, JR.. Abilene, Tex.
From having my name placed in your col--
umns for a short time I receivedso many letters.
and cards, asking for my list of eggs, that it.
took all my spare time to answer them. I was.
greatly repaid ror so small an outlay. O. EF.
Crooker, Madison, Wis.
FOR every first-class set eggs with data sent
me will send twice its value in stainps at Scott's.
prices. Rarer the eggs. rarer the stamps.
H. C. HIGGINS, Cincinnatus, N. Y.
I HAVE numbers 18-52. Vol. ix, Vol. x, 1-12
Vol xi, of the Golden Days, to exchange for
books on Ornithology or Oology. H. UW, JOHN-
SON, Pittsfield, Mafne.
TO EXCHANGE.—Law on Promissory Notes.
by Story. in gcod condition. original cost $5.50,
for best offer in first-class sets. FERD. F.
BALL, Sterling, Kansas.
NOTICE.—I will nay the following for can--
celled Columbian stamps, 1 and 2 cent envel-
opes 25 cts. per hundred (square Cut); 3, 4,5 and
10 cts.. 50 cts. per hundred; 6 and 8 cts. Col. 2
cts. each; 15 ct. Col. 4 cts. each; 30 ct. Col. 5 cts.
each. CHAS. G. COLLINS, Box 431, Garden
City. Kas.
Through a single exchange notice in the.
Oo.Locist I exchanged $50 worth of eggs, there-
by adding 75 sets tomy collection. and corres-
ponding with collectors in 15 different states
and in Canada. Always ready for a good word
for the OoLoersr. W. I. Comstock, Norwalk,.
Ct.
FOR EXCHANGE.—A Frank Wesson 44 cal.
rifle and some U. S. and foreign coins to ex-
change for eggs in sets with data. GHORGE P.
ROWELL, 95 Atlantic St., Stamford. Ct.
TO EXCHANSH.—Sketching camera or card
printing press for best offer in climbing irons
(strapped), eggs, books, Oologist instruments,
etc. Write at once. F. R. WENGER, Con--
cord. Illinois.
EXCHANGE NOTICE.--A 22 cal. Reming--
ton Rifle, cost $8.50; good as new, for Coues’’
Key or cash. EF. A. COLBY, Beatrice, Neb.
TO EXCHANGE.-—A 12 ga. double barreled
breech loading shot gun. for stamps; and 550
different stamps for eggs or trays. BERYL,
HODGE, Sterling, Kans
My notice has paid me wonderfully. E. EK.
N. Murphy, Augusta, Ga.
TO EXCHANGE.—Wo0o0d carving tools, nov-
els, magazines, cigarette pictures and single
eggs for first-class eggs in sets and rare stamps...
CHAS. L. BARTLETT, 331 S. West St., Gales—
burg, Ills.
$1.00 to $300. of crystalized and other fossils.to--
exchange for skins. coins. eggs. SS curios,
Indian relics, insects, etc. GUY CONLEY,
1400 Colorado St., Austin, Tex.
When answering advertisements.
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”
THE OOLOGIST. 67
THE NATURALIST is a large 16-page
monthly magazine devoted to oology. geology,
archeology and all branches of natural his-
tory. Only 50cents per year. Free exchange
column. Sample copy free. HERBERT
STERZING, Austin, Texas.
SHOT-GUN FOR SALE!—Single barrel
breech-loader in fine order. Twist barrel and
top action. A fine shooter and ecsst*$12. For
particulars write quick. Singles to exchange
for sets. HERBERT GREENE, Montclair, N.
J.
TO KXCHANGE.—An accordeon, complete
seroll saw outfit, $3 target pistol and skate~ for
eash. Wanted dumb bells. Would like eggs
in sets, curios. for Waterbury watch, Chain,
charm, old revolver and old papers and maga-
zines. FRED ROBERTS, Postville, Iowa.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Zoological report, Texas
to the Pacific, by Baird, Giraud and Heermann.
200 plates—many colored plates of birds. Also
eggs with Foreign and American collectors.
A. E. PRICE, Grant Park, Ill.
NOTICE.—What have you to offer for some
live California Quail in healthy condition in
singles or pairs. Can be shipped very light.
OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 So. Hope St, Los Angeles,
Cal.
SECRET POW £R—The divine in man. Hyp-
notism is the key which unlocks the Secret of
its developement and use. “How to Win!,’
Price $2. Send 1 with order and agree to pay
balance upon rece’pt of book. Circulars free.
Address PROF. ANDERSON, Masonic Temple.
Chicago.
Ihave had exchanges in your paper and have
been greatly pleased with them. I have added
nearly $100 worth of eggs to my collection and
am yet exchanging. Had I more specimens I
could easily have dispo-ed ofthem. Tosay I
was pleased expresses it lightly. R. A. Camp-
bell, Hanover, N. H
FOR EXCHANGE.— Pair lady’s roller skates,
minerals, invisible and sympathetic inks to ex-
change for best offer ineggs. HARRY KEIL-
HOLTZ, Rising Sun, Cecil Co., Maryland.
WANTED.—AIl values Columbians; 1890 is-
sue, 8c. up; Southern fresb water shells and
fossils for fossils, shells and marine speci-
mens. D. H. EATON, Woburn, Mass.
FOR EXCHANGE:—$25.00 in scientific books
magazine and Common eggs (sets and singles)
for Coues’ Key or Ridgewav’s Manual, single
breech-loading shot gun and freld glass. Send
description and get list. All answered.
STEPHEN J. ADAMS, Cornish, Maine.
I received not less than fifty answers to my
advertisement and have made exchanges from
all parts of the U.S. W.L. Ft. Collins, Colo.
WANTED!—A printing press, chase 6x8,
type and printing material, I have for ex-
change for the above 1000 rare Chinese coins
that are over 500 years old, rare and desirable
first-class birds eggs, minerals, shells and oth-
er valuable curiosities. Write stating what
you have and I will make you a good offer.
Address C. M. HATFIELD, Oakland, Cal.
$15 WORTH of 5, 10 and 25 cts. specimens of
minerals, Indian relics, shells, and fossils to
exchange for best offer of fine minerals (large)
and petrified woods, or Indian relics. Speci-
mens are good but duplicates of what I have in
my collection. A few large fine fossil shells
wanted. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D.
TO EXCHANGE for Ist class single eggs,
Wood’s Natural History, 4-keyed flute, nearly
new, skin of black woodchuck. rave. All an-
swered. ERNEST H. SHORT. Chili. N. Y.
WANTED:—Vol. I of the Audubon Magazine.
Also have-
eggs to exchange for first class bird skins. R.
the OOLOGIST than from all the rest put togeth-
er and [ shall continue to advert.seinit. C.
W. Hillman, Canisteo, N. Y.
I HAVE first-class climbing irons strapped
complete for $2.00, first-class drills for $.50a
doz. or { will exchange for Indian relics. sets or
curios. CLARENCE H. WATROUS, Chester,
Middlesex Co., Conn.
EGGS IN, SETS:—During the coming season
I wll collect fine, positively indentified sets of
this locality. Those wishing to exchange fine
sets for same please write. HORACE A. GAY-
LORD, Pasadena, Cal.
TO EXCHANGE: A fine colored plate (22x
28 inches) of Prairie Chickens and Duck (life
size) supposed to be hanging by feet from a
peg for $2.00 worth of eggs in sets. Send list
of what you have. PERCY D. GETTY, 301 N.
Main St , Bloomington, Ill.
Judging from the success of an advertisement
which’ I had inserted in the July number I de-
sire to say, that I received replies from all
parts of the country. from Maine to California,
and succeeded in making many valuable ex-
changes. An advertisement inserted in the
OoLoGistT will accomplish all that can be ex-
pected. D.B. Burrows, Lacon, Til.
COINS WANTED:—Foreign and U. §S
silver or copper. i
Must be in good condition.
Especially desire U. S. half cents and large ~
U.S. cents to complete series. Have to offer
thirty large cents. half dimes, old half dollar,
etc. Will buy at reasonable rates. D. B.
ROGERS, Wa-Keeney. Trego Co., Kan.
READ THIS:—Every person sending me an
U.S. cent dated before 1859 or a half dime or a
dime dated before 1874 I will send 25c worth
of fine foreign stamps, valued at 2 to 10 eents
each, foreach coin. First person sending will
receive $1.00 worth of.stamps free. Send quick.
Rare coins bought for cash. Send list. Also
taxidermist tools for sale cheap, for cash. W.
Be JOHNSON, 123 W. Brooks St., Galesburg,
ll.
I received So many letters and cards from my~
exchange notice in the OOLOGIST?, that I could
not answer them all. In order that you may
judge of the number of letters received.I would
say, that 7 covered a chair completely with the-
stamps taken from the letters thus received.
L. V. Case, Naples, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE for eggs in sets. the fol-
lowing sets with data. A. O. U. Nos. 488 1-5,
755 1-4, 510 1-8. 5061-2, 4981-2, 106 10-1, 4121-5,
581d 1-2, 704 1-4, 477 1-4, 444 1-3, 7611-3, 721 1-6,
30a 1-1, 622a 1-3. 519 1-3, also Singles Nos. 560, 604, _
624, 511, 211, 212, 622a, 721, 766, 378, 200, 70, 506,
74, 199, 300, 378, 581, 687, also lot of foreign and
U:'S stamps in album, catalogue value $18.00,
and a card printing press with four fonts of ©
type. All letters answered. CHARLES A.
ELY, Perrineville, Monmouth Co., N. J.
When answering advertisements.
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”’
“G8 THE OOLOGIST
TO EXCHANGEH.—Winchester Repeating
Rifle 22 cal. nearly new, for southern or west-
-ern sets. H. H. SPICER, 596 Woodward, Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.
FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class common sets
- of this locality, with data, for same. With col-
Jectors in other states. Address, WM. L. AT-
KINSON, San Jose, Cal.
I received almost 100 answers to my ad. in
_your paper. It is the best advertising medium
Lever used. .G. B. Bennett, Terra Haute, Ind.
TO EXCHANGE. Very desirable first-class
» sets and Singles with datas, of this community,
for first-class Western and Southern eggs.
“CHARLES WARNER, Mackinaw, IL1.
TO EXCHANGE.—Fine eggs in sets and sin-
les, Skins, stamps and books. JOHN W.
ITT, 169 Broadway, Indianapolis, Ind.
EXCHANGE.—52 in. Columbian Light Road-
' ster Bicycle in fine running order for best offer
in books, fire arms or skins. All letters an-
» swered. Cash value of wheel is $25. HORACE
A. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St. Chicago, I11.
WANTED.—Collectors of Insects in every
State of the Union. See my ‘‘ad.”. PROF.
“CARL BRAUN, Naturalist Bangor, Me.
One advertisement of Coleoptera brought me
Six letters of inquiry, In three weeks, closed
“out the last I had, and have to answer letters
still coming in ‘‘Specimens all gone.” F.
Hodge, Hudson, O.
WANTED:—An egg cabinet. a set of No. 549
and books on ornithology. I offer a solid silver
hunting case watch, sets of Nos. 325 1-2. 352 2-2,
417 1-2 and part cash on the cabinet. WM. H.
BELL, West Point, Va.
TO EXCHANGE.—Two good egg drills or
150 postage stamps for every set of birds eggs
with data sent me. Address, CLARENCE
LUTHER, P. O. Box 822, Fayetteville, Ark.
MOUNTED BIRDS, Skins, Eggs and other
“specimens exchanged for Printing Press, Type.
*““Hornaday’s Taxidermy,’’ Collecting Tube,
Lathe or Skins. DELBERT MEIXSELL,
Pekin. Illinois.
OOLOGISTS WANTED. -—Vol. 5, Nos. 1 to 6
and 10to 12. Papers and book for above, and
for many other papers. R. H. ROCKWOOD,
Waterville, Maine.
TO EXCHANGE:—Nicely mounted Birds
for best offers of eggs in sets; Hawks, Grouse
~and Quail preferred. I have Barred, Horned.
Snowy and Screech Owls; Goshawk, Broad-
winged, Sharp-shinned and Cooper’s Hawks;
Peacock; White Pelican; Blue Herons; etc.
CHAS. K. REED, No. 262 Main St., Worcester,
Mass.
The results obtained from my recent exchange
notices in the OOLOGIST bave been entirely sat-
isfactory. I have rece!'ved more than a hun-
dred communications. embracing nearly every
seCtion in the Union,from Maine to Florida and
from the Atlantic to the Pacific. I know of no
other paper as an advertising medium in which
such results could be obtained at such small
cost. M. C. White, Mathews, C. H., Va.
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —Second-hand
self-inking Excelsior Press, 5x8, with four
founts of type, furniture. ink. etc. Price com-
plete $15.00 or open for offers of exchange.
ALBION CARD WORKS, Albion, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE. 1st class eggs of Flycatch-
er, Terns, Sandpipers, Chickadees, for common
sets with data. K. F. WATSON, Kennebunk
Beach, Me.
TO EXCHANGE for FIRST-CLASS skins,
have, 30 No’s Santa Claus, Parley’s Universal
History, Three Kingdoms, roller skates, accor-
deon, Quackenbush’s air rifle. L. G. WOOD-
RUFF, 20% W. 103 St., N. Y. City.
WANTED.—A good 5x7 or 5x8 Landscape
Camera of reliable make. Also eggs in sets of
American Raptores. Have many things to
offer for same. Write at once to A. MOWBRAY
SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis.
My notice in the August number of the OoLo-
GIST paid me big. I received over 30 letters in
three days. J. M. Swain, BE. Wilton, Me.
WOULD LIKE to correspond with reliable
California or Southern collectors who would
iike to exchange eggs of their locality for oth-
ers of this. C. C. HENRY, 340 Broadway,
New York City.
ONE ALMOST hew self-inking printing press
just the thing for printing labels. etc. will sell
for $3.00. GLOVER M. ALLEN, 3 Vernon St.,
Newton, Mass.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Merwin and Hulbert in-
terchangeable sixteen ga. shot gun and 22 rifle,
cost fifteen dollars, for eggs or oological sup-
plies. CARLTON H. PLUMB, 1351 Washing-
ton Ave., Springfield, Mo. :
THE MAN THAT WON AT MADISON
SQUARE IN ’93, bred the Brown Leghorns I
am breeding. My Claiborne Pits are winners.
J will exchange eggs of either for books. J. S.’
GRIFFING, Cutchogue, Long Island, N. Y.
CORRESPONDENCE invited from all desir-
ing to exchange eggs with full data, of other
localities for same of Central lowa during the
coming season. A. P. GODLEY, LeGrand, Ia.
As an exchange medium it can’t be excelled.
Every exchange notice I have had inserted, has
brought me from thirty to seventy-five answers.
In fact more than I could possibly attend to.
F. T. Corless, Tillamook, Ore.
We received 150 letters and Cards in answer
to a single notice in the columns of the OOLo-
Gist. Merrimac Stamp Co., Natick, Mass.
ETHNOLOGY:—Wanted a copy of J. W.
Powell's First Annual Report. 1879-80 of the
Bureau of Ethnology. Must be ‘as goodas
new.’ Address stating lowest cash or ex-
change price. F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion.
N.Y
EGGS.—Eagle, Buzzard, Hawk, Osprey,Rare
Warblers and nests and many others. Fine
mounted birds, cheap, cash. Only perfectly
safe climbing gear, adjustable to any size tree,
stop anywhere to rest, hands free. Get from
M. C. White. sole manufacturer, Matthews, Va.
$2 net. Fine photos. 8x10 of old Chancellors-
ville Headquarters. Gen. Hooker during battle
May, 1863, 30c. Cabinet photo, Steven Junior
Steptoe (colored man) and his cabin. Taken
from life, 1893, in 109th year of his age, with in-
teresting history, 25c. Both above for 50c.
New style climbing irons with steadying stays,
strapped, not least tiresome, $2.75 net. All _in-
formation for stamp. F. THEO. MILLER,
Lancaster, C. H. Va.
When answering advertisements
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.”’
fHE OOLOGIST. ; 69°
WANTED AT ONCE.—I can usea number
of 22 cal. Colt and Smith & Wesson revolvers.
Will pay cash or good exchange in 32 cal. Bull-
dog revolvers. State cash price and Condition.
HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St., Chi-
cago, Ill.
I HAVE two fine old U. S. army sabres to ex-
change for Instantaneons Camera, Typewriter,
Field Glass or offers. I also have Oological
Tstruments to exchange for eggs. Write at
once. ISADOR L. TROSTLER, 4246 Farnam
St., Omaha, Neb.
BIRDS, MICHIGAN; Birds, Minnesota ;Mam-
mals. Minnesota; Fish, Lorain Co., Ohio; Dav-
ie’s Nest and Eggs, Gentry’s [llustrations— Mid-
dle States. Part I, and various other papers,
Nests and Eggs, etc., to exchange for books
on Ornithology or Mammalogy. IVVeViceee Ele
FISHER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore, Md.
I am well satisfied with the results of my ad-
vertising in the OOLOGIST and shall certainly
continue to patronize it as long as I have ma-
terial to dispose of. W. G. Smith, Loveland,
Colo.
RAND & MCNALLY Atlas of the World
(new) #.; New Rogers’ Scroll Saw, $2; Vol. 12-16
O. and O. $2; 4 Steel Traps @ 10c., for Coues’
Key (fine cond.) or snare drum, 14 in. head, key
tighten. good condition. Enclose stamp, GEO.
W. VOSBURG, Nat., Columbus, Wis.
FOR SALE:—Some (Catlinite) Pipestone
Peace-Pipes $2.00 each, inlaid Paper Weights
$1.00, Button Hooks stone handles $.40, Watch
Charms $.25, polished pieces pipestone $ 25 to
$.50 postpaid. A. D. BROWN, Pipestone, Minn.
EXCHANGE NOTICE:—%5 cash takes 4x5 tri-
pod camera and outfit,Waterbury lens. cost $10.
For particulars address A. B. BLAKEMORE,
280 St. Andrew St., New Orleans, La.
WANTED:—A good collecting pistol, also
the following A. O. U. numbers of eggs in sets
with data 47, 332, 337, 339. D. A. ATKINSON,
Box 44, Wilkinsburg, Pa.
FOR SALE.—Gilman Vertical Press, with
fountain, chase 6x9, 50 lbs. long primer and 16
fonts job type, Some new. balance nearly new,
leads. cases, stick, etc., M0 cash, LOVETT
BROS., Oxford, Mass.
I WISH to correspond with advanced stu
dents of Evolution, Primitive Man, Ornithology
and Oology. References exchanged. Corres-
pondents in foreign Countries especially de-
sired. Corresdondence en la langue Francais.
HARRY B. SARGEANT, 2194, Seventh Ave.,
New York, New York.
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE CHEAP:—
Cigarette and tobacco pictures, tickets and
tobacco tags, birds in the meat. 20 gauge col-
lecting gun books, etc. MAKr OFFERS. WM.
GILBERT, Box 130, Elk River, Minn.
WANTED, a clean copy of the Oct. NVidiolo-
gist. Will give the following first-class singles,
495, 687, 735. 756. C. H. MORRELL, Pittsfield,
Me.
WANTED !—Reliable and competent col-
lectors to collect for me this season. Southern,
western and northern eggs wanted. W. °
LOUCKS, Peoria. Ill.
WONDERS of the Sea, containing descriptions
of the many wonderful and beautiful things
found at the bottom of the ocean fully illustrated
This work and the Journal 3 mos. for 10c.
JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa.
lreceived 10 times as many auswers to that
one little exchange in June OoLoaisr than I did
in all of several other exchanve ads. I ventured
in other papers. which cost me over $10. Ed Van
Winkle, Yan’s Harbor, Michigan,
I HAVE first-class sets with data of Water
Birds, Hawks, Owls, etc. for sale very cheap.
Parties desiring eggs address H. SAYLES, JR.,
Abilene, Texas.
The advertisements inserted in your paper
have proven entirely satisfactory. We consider
an inch in the OoLoaisr better than a page in any
other naturalists paper published H, E.Pendary,
Eustis, Fla.
BIRDS EGGS taken at half price in exchange
for fine rubber stamps, Illustrated catalogue
for stamp. Correspondence solicited. ARTHUR
L. POPE, McMinnville, Ore.
2 VOLS. YOUTHS Companion and 1 of
Golden Days for books on Oology or best offer -
ineggs. C. Y. SEMPLE, care of Atlantic Re-
fining Co., Easton, Pa.
WANTED:—Microscopical apparatus, books, _
postage stamps (Columbians especially desired)
and envelopes, Have books and specimens of
all departments Natnral History, stamps and
curiosities of all kinds. value over $5,000.00.
Wanted particularly first class microscope.
G. R. LUMSDEN, Greenville, Conn.
The Ootoetsr is an excellent medium for adver-
tising. From my 75 word exchange notice in the
OoLoaistT, I have exchanged over $250 worth of.
eggs, adding about 75 sets to3my private collec--
tion. W.C Lawrence, Los Gatos, Cal,
Se aN ener
UNCLE TOW’S CABIN has sold for $2. We.
send it complete, 192 pages, and Journal 3 mos..
for 10c. JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa.
FOR SALE:—Fine Oriskaney sandstone
fossils by express 3 dollars per 100, smaller lots
same rate, Shale rock fossils from Cayuga Co.
very cheap, arrow points, spear heads, scrap-
ers, net sinkers, cheapest in market. Will ex-
change for spear heads and arrow points from
Michigan and Wisconsin. JOHN MINCHIN,
Fleming, Cayuga Co., N. Y.
EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND.—This so--
ciety is engaged in discovering and recording
the arts and sciences, the social and family life,
the business and civic occupations of men,
their knowledge of jurisprudence and medicine,
their religious beliefs and practices, for 5,000.
years from the dawn of history. Explorations
this year are in progress at Deir-el-Bahari:
(Thebes), and the “Archeological Survey”’ is
occupied at Tell-el Amarna. For full particul-
ars, address with stamp. REV. DR. WILLIAM
C. WINSLOW. 525 Beacon St., Boston, Mass.
- YOUR NAME IN GOLD INK on 2 stylish vis-
iting cards and a useful present free for dnly 10
cents. JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa.
From my exchange notices, I received so many
letters, etc., it was impossible to answer them.
contrary tomy word. From my add in June
number I received almost a bag of mail daily. J.
Hill, Edinburg, T[11.
I have not kept a record of my answers but can
say that lam satisfied that it paid well. H. A.
Carhart, Syracuse, N. Y.
When answering advertisements.
always mention the “OOLOGIST.’”’
70 THE OOLOGIiST.
PECK’S BA! BOY, Tllustrated, and the Journ-
al, 3 mos. for only 10c. Funniest story out.
JOURNAL. Beaver Springs, Pa
From my single notice I received over 100 an-
swers and ams ill receiving them, I advise all
‘to advertise in the OoLocisr. N, VY, Linden, Lake
City, Fla.
OREGON ECGS:—Those desiring to pur-
Chase, this season. fine authentic sets of Ore-
gon eggs will do well to send a 2c. stamp for
my price list. Correspondence _ solicited.
ARTHUR L. POPE, McMinuaville, Ore.
FOR EXCHANGE:—A fine B flat cornet, cost
$40, no cheap affiair. Wanted, birds eggs, In-
dian relics, rareties, curios. Also have fine
-esCallop shells for exchange. A.E. PAYNE,
Box 218. Greenport, I. I, N. Y.
PHOTOGRAPHS of Wild Game, consisting of
eighteen Gifferent 5x8 photographs of deer, six
of antelope five of elk. one coyote, two moun-
tain lions; $3 a dozen mounted, $2.50 unmounted.
A. G. WALLIHAN, Lay, Routt Co., Colo.
A“SNAP” FOR YOU:—My entire collection
of eggs and mounted birds must go before
May ist and for Indian relics or such articles
as I can use, I will give $2 worth of birds and
eggs for each $1 worth sent. References given
and required. L. V. CASE, Naples, N. Y.
All Exchange notices that I have had in the
OoLOGIsST have proved very satisfactory. I con-
sider that the exchange department affords the
best medium of negotiating exchanges of any
monthly of like nature. F. W.C., Wauwautosa,
Wis.
It gives me great pleasure to acknowledge the
success of advertising in the OoLogist. I have
advertised in several Natural History papers but
in no case have I received that prompt reply with
success as througo the medium of the
OoLoaist. Carl Braun, Bangor, Me.
NATURAL and Other Wonders of the World,
containing descriptions and illustrations of some
of the most wonderful works of nature and of
men. Free with Journal 3 mos. on trial for 10c.
JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa.
I consider the Ootogisr the best advertising
medium of its kind in America and this fact
seems to be generally recognized. judging from
the amount of names in its want columns and
from the expressions of its patrons. W. M. M..
St. Louis, Mo.
FOR SALE.—Kent Elgin won first in the all
age Pointer Stake at the U.S. Field Trials at
Grand Junction, Tenn., Feb., 1894. Have Pup-
pies for sale sired by Kent Elgin Boy and
Belle L No. 30680 A. K. C, Stud Book. All
questions answered by post. E. G. TABOR,
Meridian, N.Y.
FOR SALH.—A 5x8 “New Model” camera,
with plates, $6.50 shutter, printing frames and
paper, ‘‘wignetter’? and chemicals. Complete
outfit, $10.00, S. W. ELDER, 177 Rush St.
Chicago.
The next aay alter I recelved my paper I com-
menced to receive letters and for the next two
weeks 1 received not less than 75 letters and
ecards. AS an auvertising medium the Oo.oGisr
can’t be beat and I consider the money I spent
in advertising through its columns the best invest-
ment Iever made. W.E. Drennan, New Sharon,
Iowa. ;
COLLECTORS, Everywhere! Having good
and authentic sets, this season’s collecting to
dispose of, send list and price, on procural of
Said sets to H. B- HOLLIS, Wellesly Hills,Mass.
MARINE AND GENERAL CURIOSITIES,
Send 10 cents forcillustrated catalogue and re-
ceive either one Star Fish and Skate Egg, or
Razor Shell free. All kinds of specimens
bought for spot cash. FRED H. BANKS,
Stamford, Conn.
Allof my exchanges in the OoLogist have
proved satisfactory and I think the Oonoersr is
the best paper of the kind, E. K, Collett, Austin,
Texas.
NOTICE. Send me any Natural History
specimen valued at5 cents and receive a Chi-
nese Coin, or one valued at 10 cents and receive
two coins, etc. Look! Emu and Ostrich eggs
$1.50 each. W. H. HILLER, 147, W.°23d St.,
Los Angeles, Calif.
JUST WHAT YOU WANT!—A perfect hold-
back for your buggy or wagon, sure to please,
simple, cheap, lasting. Send 25c. for sample
pair, or stamp for description, Will exchange
fine specimens of Georgia woods also telea,
promethea and cecropia coccoons for eggs,
OoLOGISTS, Stamps, etc LEROY KING, 304
Forest West, Detroit, Mich.
WANTED.—I want to buy Fractional Cur-
rency in crisp condition. Also Copper Cents of
1793, 1799, 1804, 1809, 1811 and eagle cents 1856,
EH, G, TABOR. Meridian N. Y.
From my exchange notice in the Oo.oeist, I
did exchange to the amount of $300 and greatly
increased my library, T.S, Hill, Knoxville, Ia.
I WILL GIVE one good U. §, half cent or
four large copper cents for each used 90ct. or
twelve 15c. and 30c. 1890 stamps. Or for twelve
6c. and 8c. or twenty 3c. or four 15¢c. or two 380c.
‘or one 50c. Columbians, Good exchange in
other coins or foreign stamps for all kinds of
U. S. postage and revenue stamps. Or will
pay cash for lots or colle tions. Price list free.
J. A. PIERCE, 191 Clark St., Chicago, Ill.
BARGAINS.—Large Peacock, tail spead,
good fire screen, 10 feet across, $35. Another
specimen mounted on pedestal,natural position,
‘cheap at $25. Mounted ‘Great Blue Heron” $5,
Stuffed Porcupine Fish, a great curio, 14 inches
in diameter, $8. Hawk-bill Turtle backs pol-
ished, rare, and very pretty, %7. Japanese
Pheasant, mounted as panel picture, cheap at
$15. Fox head,mountea on large shield, with
tail on either side and riding whip, $15. The
above are all fine pieces of work and will give
eminent satistaction. F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Il.
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, Dealer in birds’
skins and eggs. Brownsville, Texas will give
special attention to the collection, for scientific
purposes. of all birds, beasts, reptiles. native to
the interior and border of Mexico, and will fur-
nish careful data inregard same. Correspon-
dence respectfully solicited. FRANK B.
ARMSTRONG. Brownsviile, Texas.
By inserting exchange notices in the OOLOoGIST
and by answering others therein, during the past
two years I have added more than $400 worth of
new sets to my collection, J. W. Jacobs, Way-
nesburg, Pa. ;
FOR SALE.—An A112ft Alligator, stuffed.
Price $75 Or will exchange for Birds Eggs,
Skins or books on Natural History. Address,
F, H.LATTIN & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.,
Chicago, Ill.
When answering advertisements
always mention the “‘“OOLOQIST.”
THE OOLOGIST. 71
45 PiEGES OF SHEET MUSIC for 17c. (to in-
troduceit.) JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa.
I find that exc. notices in the OOLNGIST pay me
100 per cent. better than in other papers, Edw.
Wall. San Bernandino, Calif.
FOR SALE.— \ perfect mounted specimen of
the American Flamingo. Well packed and de-
livered to Express Co for318. F. H LATTIN,
& CO.. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.. Chicago, Ills.
FOR EXCHANGE.—A good Juno Bicycle,
26 inch solid tire, and in A | running order.
For either Lady or Gentleman. Offers solicited,
in Stamps. Books, Birds Eggs, Bird Skins. ete,
Adaress. W. F. WEBB, 3571 Cottage Grove Av.,
Chicago. Il,
JT have added two hundred dollars ($200) worth
of specimens to my collection through the Ex-
change column of the OoLogist, J. M. Kilving-
ton. Mason Ciby. Ia,
FOR SALE.—Foreign stamps in large and
small lots. Approval sheets to reliable parties
at50 per cent. discount. Hachanges solicited,
MRS. W. F. WEBB, No. 9 Kenilworth, 36th &
Ellis. Chicago, I],
We have received more answers trom the ad. in
your December number thaa from any magazine
we ever advertised in, Perrine Bros.,Water Vai-
ley, N. Y.
HEY! Lamselling 50 var. U 8S. and foreizn
stamps for only 10¢c., also 10@ var., Some unused
for 20e. Give them a trial, you will buy more,
Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded.
Every 5th purchaser 75 and 125 var. respectively
as their packet. GEO. E, CLEAVER, 1132 Per-
keomen Ave., Reading, Pa.
BIBLIOMANIJACS.--Weeding my crowded lib-
rary to utilitarian basis, a limited choice, rare
volumes that you'll eagerly take af English Book-
shop prices. Stamp for list. Oologists, who
want sets ‘of semi rare waterbirds and raptores,
including Loon. Sandhill Crane and Mississippi
Kite, Desiderata Lists exchanged, if you’ve rare
sets. Osteologists, Breast bone. etc., Ducks,
Hawks, Eagles, Owls; List, stamp. Porcupine
Quills, assorted. twenty cents per hundred. P.
Bb. PEABODY, Owatonna. Minn.
We have done more or less advertising in the
OonoGcisr inthe past few years and take pleasure
in saying that italways more than paid us, We
found it the best advertising medium we ever
tried. Itis more than satisfactory and we wish
you and your paper the prosperity you deserve
Dickiusun & Durkee. Sharon, Vis.
WE HAVE some fine Apache and Sioux relics,
as Knife Sheathes. Tobacco Pouches, Quivers of
tanned Calf Skin with hair on, Belts, Sairts, leg-
gins, ornaments of various designs, mostly bead-
ed, War Clubs. ete. All are a bargain to any one
interested. Listfor stamp. Address at once,
F. H. LATTIN & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.,
Chicago.
TO EXCHANGE.—For every 50 cent piece
eoined before 1875, 1 will give 1000 foreign stamps
irom all parts of the world, many rare ones, or
for every 25 cent piece made betore 1870, I will
give 600 foreign stamps; containing four varieties
of French Colonies, 5 varieties Japan, etc, Must
be in good or fair condition. HERBERT STER-
ZING, Austin, Texas,
FOR EXCHANGH, —‘‘Hornaday’s Taxidermy”
and ‘Birds of Michigan” both new for best offer
of eggsin sets, oological supplies. Send lists
JAY G. SMITH, Ripley, N. Y.
EGGS. EGGS,—Large Ostrich eggs $1.25: Emeu
eges 1.50; postage paid. above eggs and others
in exchange for eggs notin my collection. Jap-
anese coins in exchinge for eggs, A. E, LITTLE,
225 Market Sf., San Francisco, Cal.
GOOD SPECIMEN, gold-bearlng quartz
showing gold sent prepaid on receipt of 20c, (no
stamps). Will exchange eggs for personal
property. Collectors desiring sets of this lo-
cality and Colorado Desert write inclosing
stamp. THOS. STANLEY, Banner, - San
Diego Co,, Calif.
My notices have been very paying and satisfac-
tory. Tt completely exhausted my surplus of Car-
rier Pigeons. A. V.S., Decorah, Ta.
a cushion tire the other a fine pneumatic. Will
sell cheap or exchange for camera, microscope or
Natural History specimens. I have also a few
books. bird’s skins, eggs and other personal prop-
erty tor exchange. Write at once, inclosing lists.
A, MOWBRAY SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis.
EX'HANGE NOTICE.—I have flne Shot-gun,
Rifle, Revolver, rare eggs in sets, stamps, min-
erals. scientific books and other articles to ex-
change fo Bendire’s ‘‘Lif2 Histories of North
American Birds,” Capen’s ‘‘Oology of New En-
gland,” Coues’ and Stearn’s “New England Bird
Life,” Coues’ -‘Key” (last edition), Ridgway’s
“Manual” and other standard ornithological
works and back numbers of *‘Auk,” ‘Bulletin of
Nuttall Orn. Club,” “‘O. and O.,” etc, Generous
exchange given for any of these works in good
Conn: ROBERT A, CAMPBELL, Hanover,
STOP. READ. ORDER.—Some of those
first class sets with full data. for sale at two-
thirds ‘Standard Catalogue” prices; they in-
clude Terns. Petrels, Herons, Hawks, Owls,
Cuckoos, Kingfishers, Woodpeckers, Flickers,
Hummers, Flycatchers, Magpies, Orioles,
Grackles, _Goldfinches, Swallows, . Vireos.
Warblers, Wrens, Thrushes and many others;
ninety species in all. Special Bargair for the
whole lot. ALBERT R.gHEYWARD, JR.
Columbia, S.C. ‘
WANTED,—Address of every ornithologist in
Maine, young or old; rich or poor: male or female.
You are invited to help and be helped in a sys-
tematic study of our birds, United Ornitlolo-
gists of Maine. Address, STEPHEN J, ADAMS,
Cornish, Maine.
1 have been a subscriber to your paper sinee its
beginning in |884 and during that time have had
occasion to insert notices during eacn year, and
with very good resul's, always disposing ot every
thing I had for exchange ina few days. F. H.
Farly, St. Thomas, Ont.
WANTED,—To exchange Ist Class sets of eggs
with data of Southern California birds with col-
lectors of other localities. H, McCONVILLE
1636, 7th St., San Diego, Calif. :
WANTED,.—A double action automatic shell
ejector revolver. Will exchange tor same a scroll
saw. patterns and blades. Write at once. Ak-
THUR E. HUTCHINSON, Gaines, N. Y,
ONE PAIR Climbing Irons, will sell for 75e.;
one Baltimore Printing Press No. 9, for $1.50, cost
$5; one dozen King Crabs, large $1.25 and a col-
lection of sea Shells, will sell very cheap, send
for ist: N. P. BRADT, Hindsburgh, Orleans Co.,
When answering advertisements
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”’
72 THE OOLOGIST.
FOR SALE. Some fine sets very cheap, fol-
lowing area few samples. Fulmar 1-1 @ .3D,
Manx Shearwater 1-1 @ .50, Gannet 1-1 @ .20,
Lapwing 1-4@ .09. Golden Plover 1-3 @ .20.Ring
Plover 1-4 @ .10, Oystercatcher 1-3 @ .13, Ameri-
can Osprey 1-3 1-2 @ .25, Black-chinned Hum-
mer n-2@ .25, Western Wood Pewee 1-3 1-2 @
10, Bullock’s Oriole 1-4 @ .05, Heermann’s Song
Sparrow 1-3@ .04. Kindly add 10c. extra for
postage on amounts under $1.00. Prices are ea.
WOULD ALSO be pleased to receive ad-
vance orders for the following rarities, Glau-
cous, Iceland and Little Gulls, Greater Sher-
water, Bulwer’s Petrel, Rufous-crested Duck,
European Woodcock, Purple.Green and Spoon-
billed Sand-pipers, Greenshanks, Turnstone,
White, Gray and Common Gyrfalcons, Duck
Hawk, Snowy, Lapp and Hawk Owls, Richard-
son’s (Tengmalm’s) Owl,;Holbcell’s Redpoll, Bo-
hemian Waxwing, Northern (Great Grey)
Shrike, Nutcrackers, Crossbills, Kinglets, etc.
Also fine clutches of Black, Red, Hazel and
Sand Grouse, Willow, Rock and Iceland Ptar-
migans and the following very showy and
scarce species, Indian. Griffon, Arabian, Egyp-
tian and Asiatic Vultures; Golden, Imperial,
Adalbert’s, Rough-footed, Spotted, Oriental,
Bounellis. Dwarf,Greenland,Cinereous, Serpent,
Aquila fulvescens and Aquila vindhiana Hagles;
Cinereous, Demoselle and Numidian Cranes;
Black, Egyptian, Indian, Honey and Common
Kites; Great, Little, Houbara and Macqueen’s
Bustard’s, and many varieties of Falcons, Buz-
zards, Hawks, Warblers, Finches, Snipe, Part-
ridges, etc.
WANTED TO EXCHANGE with all collec-
tors, first-class sets of American and foreign
birds eggs, will haye a very full list and can
use many common and rare kinds in large se-
ries. Want 100 eggs of Sparrow Hawk in fine
sets.
Wanted cheap for cash or choice exchange,
fullsets of Loon,Tropic Birds, Flamingo,Spoon-
bills, Kites, Sharp-shin, Golden Eagle, Vul-
tures, Caracaras. Chuck-will’s-widow. Whip-
poor-will, Parauque, etc. in any quantity. Cor-
respondence solicited from all.
TO ADVANCED COLLECTORS having
special desiderata I would say that I Can pro-
cure many very rare varieties such as Lammer-
geyer, Gypaetus barbatus, Olive Tree Warbler,
Hypolais olivetorum. Snow Finch, Oreospiza
nivalis, Tringaislandica, Frigilla teydea, Hal-
iastur indus, Upupa longirostris, Accentor at-
rogularis, Megoloperdix nigelli, etc. C. W.
CRANDALL, Woodside, Queens Co., N. Y.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia,
Pa Send for sample copy.
COING TO BUILD?
Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26
handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S
MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named
at moderate prices. also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
FOR Five extra Ore. Arrow-points, one
0 | A) 9-inch Spear, one Drill and a fine
| y ( Scraper, all prepaid.
J. F. BOWEN, Box 62. luka, Miss.
When answering advertisements
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”
Babbitt’s Glove Kid Tan
Is used by over two-thirds of the taxidermists.
of the U. S., which PROVES it to be a superior~
article. The past few yearsI have advertised
this tan in many papers in the U.S., but there-
is without doubt many who do not know the
merits of BABBITT’S GLOVE KID TAN.
It will tanfurs clear through and leave them
as soft as GLOVE KID.
Itis always ready for use and always gives.
the same results.
It costs $1 per bottle (which is the regular
price) to tan ONE DOZEN fox skins, making
it the Cheapest tan on the market.
It will do the work in one-half the time re-
quired by the old method, etc.
The object of this advertisement is to intro-
duce it, so for thirty days from the date of is-
suing this paper I will send a bottle postpaid
for .50. After that date the price will be ad-
vanced to 31. I have a circular giving testi-
monals from those who have used it the past.
few years. It will be mailed you free. -No live
workman will tan furs by the old method after
reading the wonderful results to be obtained by~
using BARBITT’S GLOVE KID TAN.
Babbitt’s Auxiliary Barrel’s
or ““Tubes”
Is an invention which allows you to use a 32.
or 38 cal. shell in your 12 or 16 bore gun. They
are as easily removed as a Shell and will not
interfere with shooting large game.
DON’T try to collect small birds with your 12.
or 16 bore Shot gun. It will ruin your birds.
about every time. It will cost but $150 for an
auxiliary barrel, either a 32 or 38 cal. and you
will save its costin powder and shot inside of
three months. A full assortment of above are-
SEEN: kept in stuck to FIT ANY MAKE OF
It is surely something which every collector
should have. A price list giving testimonals.
from the leading collectors who have used
them, in fact everything you wish to know
about them, will be mailed yon upon request.
Artificial Leaves and Ferns..
I take great pride in my new stock of leaves
and ferns; over fifty different shapes of leaves
and each one can be furnished in eight styles,.
making an assortment of over 400 Styles. A
sample pack will be sent you for .20 showing”
the principal styles. In ferns 1 have many
styles, ranging in price from .25 to $1.50 per
dozen. Several of the styles are entirely new
to this country. If you work on case work it,
will pay to drop me a line.
Glass Eyes.
My catalogue will give you a discription of
every style made. and THE LOWEST PRICES.
to be obtained IN THIS COUNTRY.
Tools and Supplies
Are imported direct from England and will
give satisfaction.
Remember
I dealin everything used by the naturalist
or taxidermist and would be pleased to mail
you one of my catalogues. It contains many
things that you wish to know.
JAMES P. BABBITT,
10 Hodges’ Ave., Taunton, Mass.
THE OOLOGIST.
Advertising in the OoLogist pays as I know b
experience. H. C., Tarboro, N.C. d
My exchange notice in the OoLoGiIsT was satis-
factory. I received over 87 letters and have made
a good many exchanges. W. Ff. D., Minneapolis,
inn.
IT can not praise the OoLogist too highly. Ex-
change notices in its columns have always re-
ceived replies far beyond my most anxious hopes.
Received over 500 letters in response to my ad, in
OoLOGIST two years ago while publishing ‘‘The
pene T. Surber, White Sulphur Springs, W.
a.
125 SPECIES Marine shells, 75 species Cre-
taceous fossil shells, minerals, polished agates,
corals, antelope horns, for marine shells, publi-
cations on Conchology, Webster’s Unabridged
Dictionary, Century or Leslie’s Popular Month-
ly. Send lists. HOMER SQUYER, Mingus-
ville, Mont.
Last August (90) 1 had an exchange notice in
the OoLoaist and from it [received over 150 let-
ters and I exchanged about $125 worth of speci-
mens, and allit cost was 33c. Iran out of speci-
mens before [ had answered one-half of the let-
ters. I also had a netice put in a recent number.
The January number reached me the 9th and
now I have received 20 replies and sometimes I
get 8 letters in one mail. I am positive I will re-
ceive over 125 letters in reply to this last notice.
Of course the last number nas not yet passed the
Rocky Mountains, 20 letters in four days for a
beginning. Shortly shall expect to receive that
many inasingleday. For a collector there is
not Ing better than to have an adv. or exchange
notice in the Ootceist. It is a boon forcollectors
and to say it pays big is tosay it but very mild-
ly. W.E. Snyder, Beaver Dam, Wis.
NEW STOCK of ‘‘Coues’ Key’’ just received,
price $7.50; Goss’s‘‘Birds of Kansas” $6.00; Miller’s
“N. A. Geology and Paleontology” $5.00: Horna-
day’s Taxidermy $2.50; Jordan’s ‘‘Manual of
Vertebrates” $3; Davie’s‘‘Nests & Eggs” ($1.75;
Lewis’ ‘‘American Sportsman” $2.50; Langille’s
“Our Birdsin their Haunts” $2.50, Send order
at once. Hk’. H, LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage
Grove Ave., Chicago.
BIRD LIFE Illustrated. The Nrprovoerst is re-
cognized by all as a superbly illustrated monthly
Magazine of ornithology and oology. February
number contains ‘‘Notes ou the Hornbills” by Dr.
Shufeldt, with page half-tone of birds and nést;
“Bird-nesting in Canada’”’ by Walter Raine, with
two large haif tones, illustrating nests and eggs
of twelve species of ducks; Portrait of Dr. Shu-
feldt; ‘Discovery of Nest and Eggs of Wilson's
and Leconte’s Sparrow,” etc Sample copy sent
for 10 cents, subscription $1 per year. H. KR.
TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher, Alameda, Cal.
WANTED.—To exchange first-class eggs for
same this coming season. Collectors of other
localities kindly write stating your wants. OR-
LANDO SHEPPARD, JR., Edgefield C H..S.C.
TO EXCHANGE.—Old U.S. cents, for taxid-
ermists’ and oologists tools. Also a 32 cal. re-
volver toward Coues’ Key. Write for descrip-
tion. P. A. MULTER, Ashford, N. Y.
PHOTOGRAPHS Wanted.—Photos. of the
Anhinga from life or fine mounted specimens.
Will pay cash or give good exchange. F. M.
RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine.
WANTED.—Orders for birds in tbe meat or
fresh skins. Can furnish 20 kinds of Ducks,
etc., etc. Send stamp for list. W.R. BROWN,
Milton, Wis.
72a (118)
BIRDS wanted. Mustbe young and sound.
State what you have with price. Will exchange -
for printing or pay cash. Address, A. J.
SMITH. 72 Exchange St., Rochester, N. Y.
FOR SALE.—One pair Beagle Hounds.
Thoroughly broken, that can’t be beat in the-
country trailing a rabbit, and two pairs B. B.
ae eae Fowls. L.S. FRENCH, Mathews, C.
. Va.
POP CORN.—Rice, the best Popping Variety,
crop of 92 shelled. By freight or Express at
urchaser’s expense; 6c. per lb. In lots of 50°
bs. or over, 5c. Only about 800 lbs. left. F. O.
B. and no charge for sacks, Will exehange for ~
desirable eggs in sets. specimens, or books on
Natural History. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al-
bion, N. Y.
AN OPPORTUNITY. —I expect so spend the -
summer months in special work in Zoology and
Botany, and could arrange to furnish duplicates .
of plants, bird skins and eggs, batrachians, ser-
pents anu insects, including pupzw# and inflated
larve. Anyone desiring toarrange for a series .
of any of the above by purchase or exchange may
address WILLIAM OSBORN, 98 Maple St., Nash-
ville, Tenn.
WANTED.—January, July and August num--
bers of Goldthwaite’s Geographical Magazine
of the year 1891. Willexchange insects or val-
uable books on Natural Science for same or~
purchase at a good price. ALL letters answered.
PAUL VANDEREIKE, St. Croix Falls, Wis.
SET of Three Note Books in Case each con-
tains 72 pages, bound in fiexible cloth and set
comes in a nice colored cloth covered case.
Will send the set prepaid for only 8 cts. F. H.
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets and Singles .
of this locality for those of other localities. V.
W. OWEN, P. O. Box, 774, Los Angeles, Calif.
OOLOGISTS WANTED.—We want at once,
copies of the OoLoGist as follows: July-Aug-
ust, 1886: January-Hebruary, 1887 or Dec., 1886,
with the former attached; June, 1888. We also -
desire copies of our old 1885;‘‘OOLOGIST’s HAND-
BoOoK.” For each and every copy of the above
publications mailed us not later than April
15, 1894, we will give 12%c worth of anything we
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit .
check good for the amount. We will also allow
73¢¢ each for the following‘numbers,viz:—June-
Sept., 1887; April, 1889; March, 1890; August,
1890; May, 1892; February, 1893; March, 1893. All
must be complete, clean andin good condition.
ae atonce. F. H LATTIN &CO., Albion,
TO EXCHANGE. Strictly first-class sets
with original nests of New England birds, for
same. during the coming season. Many com-
mon kinds wanted. HENRY R. BUCK. Shef-
field Scientific School, New Haven, Conn.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Large number of mount-
ed Birds and Animals. Want fresh skins or
Birds inthe meat. WM. MICHELFELDER,.
Taxidermist, Elizabeth, N. J.
LOOK! TOOK!
A Fancy pair of Calipers
(2% in.) only 20 cts. Scalpels 40 cts. each. Long
handled Brain Spoon 25 cts. CHAS. G. COL-
LINS, Rox 431, Garden City, Kas.
CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The
editicn of this magnificient work is exhausted,
we have only one copy left. Price $15. If you
want itspeak quick. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,, Al- -
bion, N. Y.
“72 (114) ‘THE OOLOGIST.
LS
EIN,
ee a)
‘a Le Li a mete
a Ree cence us ame poate! A
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS.
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is
. “proposed to take the lead in furnishing systematic collections for.
“teaching MINERALOGY, GEOLOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools
-and Colleges. Individual Specimens also furnished. Catalogue sent
on receipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps.
RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS.
Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describ-
-ing Grand Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park,
-Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey,
Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole United States, with adjoining
-ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of these. made
- especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for.
“the Palestine Exploration Fund, now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical
‘Geography, Etc.
METEORITES.
A good price paid for meteorites of all kinds. New and unde-
- scribed ones especially desired. An extra price paid for the entire
“find” or ‘‘fall”. Meteorites also cut, polished and etched.
WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with
-teachers and experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey
and U. S. National Museum, have just been introduced into the
~schools of Washington, and will be known as the Washington School
Collections. It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence
have ever before been offered in this country at so low a price
“($2 each). Send for circulars.
EDWIN E. HOWELL, 642 {7th St. N. W., Washington, D. C.
THE OOLOGIST.
Testimonials Wanted.
We want you for an 1894 subscriber
“to the OOLOGIST. We also want you to
-show this ,month’s OoLogisT to any
friend who is now a non-subscriber,
whom you think our little monthly
might interest. This issue is an unus-
ual one, from at least an advertising
standpoint—our regular monthly edi-
tions contain an equal amount of read-
ing matter but only from 8 to 16 pages
-of advertisments. The quality, tinish
and weight of paper used in our regular
edition is much better than that used in
‘the‘‘Sample Copy” numbers this month.
We know the Oo.oalist is of value to
the class for whom it is intended, and
we also believe it to be of value to you.
Many of the leading and all of the
coming ornithologists of America are
on our subscription books.
Since Jan. lst 94 we have paid over
- $380 for back numbers of the OoLoaistT
in order to supply the demand for the
same, and we still want more and are
making liberal offers for the same in
this OOLOGIST.
Testimonials are always appreciated
by a publisher and we have been pleas-
-ed in this manner thousands of times,
and could if space permitted fill every
page in this month’s edition with gems
12 this line of the first magnitude, but
we have been receiving a class of testi-
monials that both please the mind and
-enlarge the pocket-book—testimonials
-of this character are always sure to
_ touch the heart of the most hardened
publisher.
Here are few samples, which we con-
“sider models, that have materialized
during the short month of February.
The first three from Mr. Wm. Brewster,
of Cambridge, Mass., who is recognized
‘the world over as the leading authority
on North American Birds and whose
“opinion today carries greater weight in
the making and unmaking of species
and varieties to the recognized Ameri-
-can avian fauna than that of any other
living person:
“T wish to obtain two sets of the OOLOGIST
from the begining. if you can supply them
please name price. If you cannot supply them
do you think an advertisement in your columns
would meet with success? Dec. +4, 1893.”
“T shall be glad to take the two sets of OOLO-
GIsTt @ $4.00 each, but they must be completed
before I shall be willing to pay forthem. You
-can take several months to hunt up the missing
numbers ifnecessary. Dec. 7, 1893.”
“Thave just received from you the sets of
*OOLOGIST and enclose $8.00 by cheque in pay-
“ment for the same. Feb. 11, 1894.”
72c (118)
The followlng is from Dr. L.B. Bishop
of New Haven, Conn., who is making a
special study of albinism and unusual
coloration in eggs:
“Please send me No’st to 98 of the YOUNG
OOLOGIST and OOLOGIST as advertised in the
February OOLoGIST. I send with this money
order for $4.50 as payment.”
And the last which we have space to
give came just as we were going to
press as an accompaniment to a re-
newal of subscription and is from Mr.
M.M. Coon, the well known taxider-
mist of Jefferson, Ohio:
“T would not attempt to do business without
the OOLOGIST.”’
READER. We want and expect a
testimonal from you—not necessarily
as weighty an one as from Mr. Brewster
or Dr. Bishop nor as flattering as from
Mr. Coon, but in the few and feeble
words of the writer of this page the fol-
lowing would be both pleasing and sufii-
cient:
“Bnclosed find 50 cts. for which please send
me the Oouogisr for 1894.”
To this attach your name and address
in full and enciose—with the necessary
50 cts. in stamps, postal note, express
or P. O. money order—in a strong en-
velope, seal well and address caretully
to the Publishers of the OoLoaist, Albi-
on, Orleans Co., N. Y. Weremain, as
ever, most faithfully yours,
¥. H. Lattin & Co.
The Victor Carpet Stretcher
Advertised on another page, is a good
thing. We are using one.
I have been acquainted with Mr. Mal-
lory the Inventor and Manufacturer for
a number years—he is reliable.
I have an old schoo!mate friend who
has sold thousands of these stretchers,
during the past few years and has made
big money thereby.
Faithfully, FRANK H. LATTIN.
We have a large Premium
List of NOVELTIES, which
we give for securing New sub-
scribers for the OOLOGIST.
A copy will be mailed you for
stamp. Address, Publishers of
he OOLOGIST, Albion, N. Y.
72d (116) THE OOLOGISTY.
Our Artistic Bird and aac Pieces.
Our exhibit of Forty Bird pieces at the World’s Fair created quite a furore. AIF
were suitably framed and covered with the patent Oval Convex Glass Shades.
with flat corners, hermetically sealed—making them absolutely air tight, dust and
moth proof— and will last a life time. All of the ‘‘live” pieces were with painted
backs made to represent as nearly as possible the natural habitation of the birds.
The birds mounted, standing as in life, on natural rocks, stumps or ledges. Our
Hanging Dead Game pieces had either plush or natural wood backgrounds. The
value of the pieces exhibited ranged from $18 to $100 each. The Trout piece
(illustrated above) was a very popular one. The trout itself was a 3} pounder
and when mounied in this manner makes an elegant piece, suitable for any place:
and admired alike by all whether a disciple of Izaak Walton or not. Itis perhaps.
needless tu add that the latter class fairly raved over the sample piece in our ex-
hibit and many could not leave without placing their order for aduplicate.
In a review of the ‘“‘Ornithology of the World’s Fair’? one of the editors of The
Auk—the high-toned American Journal of Ornithology—says that from an artistic
or taxidermic standpoint the exhibit of ‘‘panels of game-birds shown by F. H. Lat-
tin & Co. are probably the best.”
We have a special catalogue of our work in this line and if you are at all inte—
rested would: be only too glad to mail you a copy.
‘ Address, F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
Albion, N. Y. or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, IIs.
Should any of any our patrons desire to purchase within the next 30 days, we-
will make them a special price on any piece we may have in stock at our Chicago-
House.
fHE OOLOGIST. 720 (117
7 ——— ee CN
BUREAU OF NATURAL HISTORY.
ESTABLISHED 1876:
SOUTHWICK & CRITCHLEY,
354 Westminster Street, Providence, R.I., U.S.A.
DEALERS IN
Skins, Eggs. Minerals, Shells
Naturalists’ Supplies and Publications.
We solicit your orders in Taxidermy.
promising the best Methods, and
finest results, on museum work
or trophies of hunting, from
either dry skins, or fresh spec=-
imens.
72 (118) THE OOLOGIST.
A Mineralogical Dialogue.
YOUNG MINERALOGIST. Pa, the boys say the times are harder tham
they have been since 1837, is that so?
FATHER. Yes, my son that is very true.
Y.M. Well then why is it that English & Co. have sold more minerals in the-
first two months of the year than they ever sold before in three months?
FATHER. I’m glad you’ve mentioned that house, for I’ve known ‘their excel-
lent methods ever since they begun business many years ago. I think their-
great success in these hard times is largely due to their good judgment in
adding to their stock so many specimens of such an attractive character that.
mineralogists could not resist the temptation to buy them.
Y.M. They certainly have a magnificent stock, Pa, for I was in there the other
day and spent the $10 I got for Christmas and you know I went to three-
other mineral stores in other cities and didn’t see anything I wanted unless.
the price was way up in G.
FATHER. Their low prices are no doubt another reason why this house has.
drawn so much trade. Then, too, while it has been their rule for years not
to allow any discounts, they have recently offered a 10 per cent. discount
to every one ordering of them prior to April Ist. What specimens did you
buy?
Y. M. I got the most beautiful crystal of Sulphur I ever saw, for 50 cents; an
elegant, large piece of Rubellite in Lepidolite for $1.00; a brilliant group of
Vanadinite crystals for only 25 cents; a sharp twin crystal of Orthoclase for
25 cents; splendid specimens of Azurite, Malachite, Descloizite, Garnet, Or-
piment and Valencianite for 50 cents each; a superb group of Calcite crys-
tals for $1.00; a bright black group of Sphalerite crystals for 50 cents; a
lovely Calcite twin for $1.50; a gorgeous little piece of Australian Opal with
a fine play of colors for 25 cents; a beautiful group of crystals of Fluorite for
$1.25;a bright red banded Agate for 75 cents; a most curious group of Pyrite
crystals for 35 cents and nice loose crystals of Selenite, Quartz, Dysanalyte,
Hematite and Pink Garnet for 10 cents each.
FATHER. That is certainly a fine lot! I see you have brought me a copy of
their new Spring Bulletin.
Y.M. Yes, they gave nethat for nothing. I must be off now, Pa to see the
specimens Tom got yesterday. He agrees with me that there is no place for
minerals like Geo. L. English & Co. 64 E. 12th St., New York City.
SHELL COLLECTION
Consisting of 10,000 Species. 50,000 Specimens, to which we can add 50,000
Duplicates. A rare opportunity for a School, College, Museum, or
any Person or Institution interested in Conchology to
secure one of the finest collections in America at
A BARGAIN.
For further particulars address,
F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion, N. Y..
THE OOLOGIST. 72g (119),
» To any one who would like to start in the-
BUS NE HAN Natural History Business, we will sell our-
"entire stock at the CuicaGo BRANCH at a
bargain. It has taken a long time to get together this large assortment ot speci-
mens in almost every department of Natural Science, and we doubt if any of our-
readers could vet together as varied and valuale a collection in five years of
hard work and a small fortune, combined. This is a chance of a lifetime. Write
us at once to either of the following addresses, IF YOU MEAN BUSINESS.
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Il. .
BIRDS’ EGGS! Easter Otter”
Or Sale of Surplus Eggs at ‘‘way down” prices, will begin MARCH 20 and last
30 DAYS ONLY.
IF INTERESTED, SEND STAMP FOR LIST.
F. H. LATTIN Ww CO., Stan a 1 Gottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO...
Key to North American Birds.
FOURTH REVISED EDITION.
By Exvtiott Cours, M. A., M. D., Ph. D. Contains a concise account of every-
species of living and fossil bird at present known on the continent north of the
boundary line between Mexico and the United States,including Greenland. Fourth
edition, revised to date. With which are incorporated General Ornithology, and
outline of the structure and classification of birds, and Field Ornithology, a man-.
ual of collecting, preparing and preserving birds.
The new edition presents the nomenclature of the American Ornithologist’s Union, .
in the most convenient form for comparison with that of other editions. Illustrated. _
Coues’ ‘‘Key” is too well known as a leading and authoritative treatise to need
commendation, it being the standard work of reference for professional ornitholo-
gists as well as for students and amateurs. The latest and most exhaustive.
American Ornithology. Indispensable to every sportsman, amateur and work-.-
ing ornithologist.
1 vol., royal octavo, vellum cloth. Price prepaid only $7.50
F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y.
Choice Eggs of the
South African Ostrich
ONLY SO cts
SPNDPPRE PAID? BOK) 20) CENTS VAD DITIONAL:
Ber KeACr DIN Sz CO-;,
ALBION, N. Y.; or, 3,571 COTTAGE GROVE AVE., CHICAGO, ILLS.
THE OOLOGIST.
‘72h (120)
SIF
(See Page 105.)
A.Simian Family Admiring the OOLOGIST’S “Magic City.”
THE OOLOGIS!. 73.
WARD’S
Natural Science
Establishment
Cable Address, “Cosmos.” Rochester, N. Y.
Systematic Cabinets of Mineralogy, Geology and Zoology are made for Acade-
mies, Colleges and Universities. Especial attention is given to this department,
and estimates aud plans are furnished; we also offer individual specimens in each
department.
The stock of Natural Science material now on hand is unquestionably far great-
er in the aggregate than at any similiar Institution in the World. Correspon-
dents and special collectors in all parts of the world are sending us material every
week, giving a constant supply of Minerals, Rocks, Fossils. Casts of Fossils, Skins.
and Skeletons of Animals of all classes (mounted or unmounted), Alcoholic Speci-
mens, Crustaceans, Shells, Echinoderms, Corals, Sponges, etc., ete. Also Ana-
tomical preparations, Human Anatomy,Skulls and Skeletons cf American Indians.
and other races.
CATALOGUES.
("These Catalogues are not mere price-lists, but contain much interesting mat-
ter, and as they are intended to be free to our clients, the money paid for them
will be credited on the first order. To teachers expressing an intent soon to pur-
chase specimens, they will be sent gratis.
MINERALS) According to Dana’s New System... 2.2. -.5.22..0.0.-2 05-2 weer 20C.
SECU ORME CTION: OFF MIN TIRALS S45) DAGES sain) arses ces cide) hes cleler evel lO0ce
MEARHORTMES MOU Agtes o4 TUS ACIONS a)... ciara shageleih clek=. wiauorelonsi Aish leteicliole soe ats 25¢e
CHOMOGN EAN DAE EER OLOGY vero secniele gone 07 -arelsestariemerstabe state) lattie Ve iaz orale, araindeth ove 25¢c.
SEE CMA IRHOLOGICAL COLLHCTION: 20 PAGeShaemeeer see oe acloen ie relate) 10c..
COLLECTION OF NEW YORK STATE ROCKS, 44 pages ...........--0.. ee eee ee eee 25c.
COLLEGE COLLECTION OF PALZONTOLOGY, 208 pages; 265 wood cuts .......... 50c._
AACADEMY COLLECTION OF PALZONTOLOGY, 160 pages; 188 wood cuts........ BoC.
SCHOOMMERIES OH CASTS: 60 pages: 68 wood Cutss. 20.50. 0-4 see «eee eis oleic 20c..
Casts OF DINORNIS AND HESPERORNIS, (Marsh), 30 pages; illustrated.......... 10e.
DESCRIPTION OF RESTORATION OF MAMMOTH, 42 pages .................20.05- 15¢c.
NoTICcE OF MEGATHERIUM CUVRERI, 34 pages; illustrated ............-.....- 50c-.
OST OO Gave UGE) AOS Fy) cect is conse si ape mete RT A Ad eo) Alias, celo Neate orttat Salles) cht 25¢e.
SKINS AND MOUNTED! SPECIMENS, 170) pages.......5......5.¢ 006. eee eevee eee 30c.
North AMERICAN AND FOREIGN BriRD;s’ Eaa@s, 82 pages ................ Oe
SHE MES whe Mares SGlwO Od. GUbSs,..alsesiereks A atotie ele else arate cues a ieletielta wee ctololatets 30c..
ECHINODERMs. Corals, GORGONIAS AND SPONGES, 84 pages; 54 illus.......... 25e.
HUMAN SKELETONS AND ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS. 46 pages; 24 cuts....... lie.
MASKs OF FACES OF SOUTH SEA ISLANDERS, 16 pages......... 22... . eee eee 15¢e..
Heaps AND Horns (Custom Work in Taxidermy), 20 pages, tinely illus....... 10ce
Minerals. Rocks, Meteorites, Fossils, Casts of Fossils, Geological Relief Maps,
Models, and Diagrams, and Archeological Specimens. Skins and Skeletons
of Animals, Invertebrates (Crustaceans, Shells, Corals, etc.). Anatomical
Models, Human Skeletons, Skulls and Skeletons of Races, ete.
Write for Circulars giving informa:ion about collections.
“74
THE OOLOGIST.
BARGAINS.
Tae following are samples of the “Bargains” at our Chicago Branch Store.
the heavy expense of shipping back East to our Headquarters, we are offering special rates in every
-department. A trial order will convince you that we are giving big value for money invested.
Texas Sparrow
Chachalaca ...........6 0006
White crowned Pigeon......
American Coot.......... doa6
American Herring Gull.....
Common Tern.....2.........
Bridled Tern....... coo. Gb0000
American Merganser......$
_American Goldeneye) ......
blue-wing Teal
“Green-wing Teal......
Old Squaw...
eee caccce
BIRDS EGGS.
Sooty Tern........c6 15
Texas Thrasher ............ 20
Curve-bill Thrasher 10
Florida Blue Jay....cce.ccc.e 15
House Finch..........-..... 03
American Goldfinch ........ 05
Red-wing Blackbird ...... 02
BIRD SKINS.
Gea Wall na cateteicsic sisielele sielelerete 75
Shoveller..... gooadoUbD00 de00, UO
But ened ee denes tres 90000 .1 00
Baldpate............. Perinete 15
California Quail. specs eecoee 50
Tricolored Blackbird........ 10
California Towhee.......... 06
Brown Thrasher .........-.. 2
Black-crowned Night Heron 08
American White Pelican.. 25
WoO0d IbiS .........0..20-0 15
Mexican Crested Flycatcher 15
Entire Lot for $3,50.
Scaled Partridge............
Snow Bunting
Gray-crowned Leucosticte..1 00
Entire Lot for $8.
SHELLS, FINE AND SHOWY.,
White Murex. ..............$ 25
Hooked Scorplon............ 25
REDE SPAS eieciecsisieicieclsieie sie 25
DUGKIS(CAP!« cciss oleic cieesleissicies) | 20
‘TIger COWrY ....00.--+ eeevee 15
LEED oad baaoqHoa00 c0000 00000 25
Japanese Eburna .... ...... 15
‘Cameo ...... 900006 25
SOW G46G00 so0K0 15
Magpie, polished... 25
Lettered Cone, best 50
BUM DC etesinieteraveieisievekcrstcratetaicieerstere 20
ROSE COLA Niicreiaieieriseretsiiaie $ 10
Mushroom Coral............ 25
Puillipine Cracker Coral.... 20
IYO COTA elecisiieisicicye cieiseie 120
-Bud Coral .... ... bodisnea tage 25
Propeller Coral ............ 15
Malachite, Ariz SOC ID AG oooh 25
BA ZUTIGEH aise rse titers 5U
Prehnmiteycewcceeiceces pboau) 748
Iron Crysfals........... .... 25
-Sniphur Crystals............ 25
Pyrites MG abooaobo0e 25
‘Calcite Ca Sate Oooo -28
Fluor BO Godan00 sso PB)
Agatized WoO0d ...... .....- 25
Petrified oy elsieinisfelsieieiviale 25
Silicified PO ENS a opteciarodoo 25
Pentremites . coceed 10
CAMBIO ONES) GhaG Sons odds Gos ee 2)
‘Trigonocarpus Nuts........ 25
EXOZYYLAS. .cccoccccce sees eees 10
SELEY PMA see. ceieciewins Seleretiniets 10
FoS-il SCreWS .........00 see. 08
YASKOS fateieirteycte assis seayeisis $ 75 to $4 00
Celts - selves rnzo tO, 1 50
“Scrapers doadiaado.coae 25 to 1 00
Hammerstones....o.......-- 50)
ILOCOS Brits ile cine donor) El)
Banner Stone .... .... vocceet OU
Starfish, Atlantic; sc... cise. -.$ 10
PACH C Rey acercsuanias 25
GG Mexican ......... - 50
West ‘Indies. TANMER vesicle 50
“Urchins, Atlantic .......... 25
ao Mammoth, Pacific 4
“Sea Biscuit.........06 dovocae 50
Green Goldmouth .......... 15
Mourning Cowry............ 25
Cuban Tree Snail .......... 15
Pelican FOOb....0. 2... .cceee 05
Money Cowry ....... déu seas 03
Cauril Cowry ................ 03
Gnawed Cowry .... ........ 08
Lynx Cowry ..............-. 03
snake-head Cowry...... --. 03
Spotted COWTY.....- 15
Screw Shell ........s..06.... U5
' Pearl Trocus................ 25
CORALS:
Head Coral.. 90000 50
Pink Coral ........ S0.coo0bI0000 25
HCC On ale esicileleersreiswieterciers 25
Yellow Coral................ “5
Oraganpipe Coral .......... 25
E. I. Branch Coral.......... 25
MINERALS.
PolishedjAgate............08
se Malachite...
sf Labradorite
OG OMUMWPS goo5.4060 0000
OG Marblerscrcenericciee
Graphitierercriasccicmiecertce
lero] Oe) MANIVD G5090600060 a000 0000
VC MaAtibe rane ems ieleleiete
Iw ors HES 6505 sosod0odo6 odeD 5
Satin Spar ............cccc06 x
Pink Garnets'...... ........ 25
FOSSILS.
Fossil Sea Urchins .......... 15
OF sharks Teeth........ 15
SCaphitveswmryaeciceliseleh aistcienceter 16
TnOCeraMUS .... ...ceccevece 20
Nautilus Dekayi ............ G5
06 inner voiutions .... 2u
INDIAN RELICS.
Agricultural Implements ..2 00
Spears:
Knives
Pestles
Discoidal Stone ......
Pipe
CURIOS.
Sang Wollanke eco coeceeee 05
Acorn Barnacle ............ 10
SeamsHOrmsebeceneciicisceicneee 25
Hammerhead Shark’s Egg.. 15
Alligator Teeth ............ 10
Liver Beans ....06.... e008 ee 10
Beetle Nuts oo..c. .ccc sce cce 10
SUD SIC yocic cicieicielaieieerslelelecen 0)
Quoit shell.............0.-06 lu
Philippine Green Snail..... 5 us
Philippine Helix.......sec0. 15
Peanut Shell.....ccscos.---- 03
CW HAMAS Ee riclcticcleleleteiclelelerelsieel
Banded Snail .... .......... 15
Mammoth German Snail.... 20
Chautauqua Shell Collection
33 uamed species.....-2 00
Box of fine Mixed Shells.... v5
Entire Lot for $6.
W. I. Branch Coral........
25
Star Coral .........ccececsee 25
Honey Comb Coral......c..«. 25
Precious Coral............. 25
Entire Lot for $3.
Chalcedony .... ..s.e. seccee 25
ROsSe Quartz ........eceeee ee 25
Polished Amethyst .... .... 20
a Moss Agate........ 15
“ Bloodstone ........ 15
Ҥ Crocidolite ........ 15
ss Pudding Stone .... 165
Ores, assorted ........... ooo 1)
50 all different named 1 in,
minerals ........ 15
Entire Lot for $7.
Favosites Goldfussi........ 30
Fossil Coral .... ........e00- 30
Lingula Sandstone.......... 20
Crinvidal Limestone........ 20
Entire Lot for $2.50,
Arrow Heads, Extra........ 25
o¢ Common . 20
0G Poor ........ 10
‘ *§ Cheap, dozen 40
Bird) Points... Scenes serieieeee 50
Entire Lot for $15,
Coffee Beans........ccccceee 10
Brown Banded Sea Beans... 10
Gray Sea Beans............ OB
Ivory Apples.... ............ 25
Marine Algza on cards 4x6 15
Entire Lot for $3.
Rather than incur
THE OOLOGIST. 75
OOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS.
ESIQUROUS selaictels aielalalaiateistulslalsiciol e/svelsielofelaial-vclate’s)ieiete.s $ 20 uC INOWs Diente elclsieetasiakove/ste stteiatiolslare eisla ayers sleeedle OO
SPDT S re O an Ovaiotetersysicrteleleiet
Just Recieved.
Of Azurites, Cuprites, Malachites (Geode:
form, velvet center, rare) Stalactites,
Rubelite, Sulpher Crystals, Iron Crys-
tals, Calcites, many forms, etc., ete.
Lots sent on approval to reliable par-
ties, schools, ete. Send for list with
prices, or order the priced specimens of
above you desire and we will send on
receipt. Address,
F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
3571 Cottage Grove Avenue,
CHICAGO, ILLS.
When answering advertisements
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.”’
rHE OOLOGIST. V7
to shoot a RIFLE, PISTOL, or SHOT GUN?
thing that will please you; THE IDEAL HAND- BOOK of useful information to
SHOOTERS.
If s so, we think we ae. some-
It contains 70 pages of knowledge gained through ¢wenty-five
years’ experience with ARMS and AMMUNITION. Send stamps for postage.
We wish to interest you, entertain you, save you $$, and make an honest
aime ourselves. Can we do it?
Address:
IDEAL MANUFACTURING CO., Drawer 86 New Haven, Conn., U.S.A,
PLEASE MENTION OOLOGIST.
JAPANESE SHELLS
For Sale or Exchange most of over
900 species, personal collection, printed
catalogue on application. The rare
species,
Fusus pagoda EES.
Turcica argentsonitens LISCH.
Nassaria Magnifica LiscH.
Volutharpa Perryt, Jay,
And others. prices on application.
Showy and rare species in Pecten,
Rapana, Triton, Fusus, Hburna, Can-
cellaria, Cassis, Dolium, Turbo, Um-
bonum, Haliotis, Tellina, Gomphina,
Cytheria, Tapes, Ur nio, Puma, ete.
Address,
Frederick Stearns, (Personal)
Detroit, Mich., U. S.A.
Herkimer County Crystals
My stock of those Bril-
~liant Gems is the largest &
finest ever offered for sale.
Lowest living prices. Ex-
hibit atWorld’sFair receiy-
ed Highest Award. Write
today for new price list Containing illustration
of this beautiful exhibit. A. B. CRIM,
Middleville, Herkimer Co., N’ Y.
od A KLIP —t>
on your papers and geta
™ handsome bound Vol.
Trial dozen, ‘5c.
yanted. Price-list free.
H. H. BALLARD,
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS.
When answering advertisements
-always mention the ““OOLOGIST.”
Agents
A book no Collecter of either Eggs or
Birds can afford to be without;
Pocket Key of the Birds of the
Northern United States
East of the Rocky Mts.
It chacacterizes by the: easiest and plainest
external features. and in the simplest language
the 400 species of birds found in the region.
The few technical terms used are defined in a
short glossary at the end of the book. The
scientiffe names are according to the lists of the
American Ornithologist’s Union and are all
marked to indicate the pronounciation. Very
favorable notices have appeared in “‘The Auk,”
“The Observer,’ and other journals.
64 pp. Flexible
cloth binding, 50c.
Shell Collectors of the Atlantic
Coast should have:
Mollusks of the Atlantic
Coast South to Cape
Hatteras.
It is the most recent work on these shells, and
includes Keys and descriptions of all the spe-
cies. The Dlates, of 66 figures, and the glossary
make the manual complete for field use.
100 pp. Cloth, $1.00.
Both of the above can be obtained, postage
paid, for the prices given, by addressing the
Author,
AUSTIN C. APCGAR,
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78 THE OOLOGIST.
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‘ASQOHYALY M
THE OOLOGIST.
“VOL. XI. NO. 3.
Nesting Habits of the Brown Pelican in
Florida.
It has been a question with me for
“some years whether many birds were
not enemies to man by reason of their
-destruction of certain animals and veg-
-etables upon which man depends. I[
.am aware that the point is now almost
universally taken that in the economy
-of nature all creatures are required to
maintain a proper balance. In that ex-
-cellent book on the Hawks and Owls
by Dr. Fisher, it is quite conclusively
-shown that the large majority of our
rapacious birds are beneficial to man
“while there are but very few about
-which there still remains any doubt.
However, although the investigations
-of scientists have demonstrated that
nearly all birds in the United States are
“man’s assistants, it has not as yet been
“proven to observers that many of the
fish-eating species are beneticial.
Let us take the Brown Pelican as an
example and strike a balance in refer-
-ence to its vast destructive powers up-
on the fishes, wherever it is found.
This bird is provided with marvelous
digestive powers and is capable of swal-
lowing a great many fish in a year.
We will suppose that an adult Peli-
‘can will swallow, or at least destroy
sixteen fish a day, each weighing four
‘ounces (a low average); we find that
‘the allowance reaches one thousand,
four hundred and sixty pounds of fish
per year for a single individual One
colony of Pelicans embracing 5,000
birds would require over 3,600 tons of
fish or way over 7,000,000 pounds, which,
supposing that the same amount could
be marketed at five cents a pound would
‘amount to $350,000.
These figures, which I doubt not are
most reasonable, are truly remarkable,
ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1894.
WHOLE No. 101
and when we consider that there are
hundreds of these colonies, a few being
much larger, but mostly smaller, in the
Union alone, the calculation is truly
terrific.
On principle it might be well to kill
. off these birds whieh feed almost ex-
clusively on our food-fishes, but we
might with equal propriety advocate
the destruction of the Fish Hawk, King-
fisher and many species of Gulls and
Herons and ochers well known.
The Brown Pelican is not commonly
seen north of 35 degrees on the Atlan-
tic coast, and in most localities form-
erly occupied north of 380 degrees, the
birds are now quite scarce, but isolated
rookeries are found south of 28 de-
grees,some of which are quite extensive
on the eastern coast of Florida. On
the gulf coast the nests are also found,
sometimes in large rookeries.
Not far from Galveston, Texas there
was a factory for the rendering of Peli-
can oil from the bodies of the birds tak-
en near at a celebrated place of resort.
This oil factory was allowed to run un-
molested by the state for several years
and only shut down when the supply of
birds ran out and the few remaining
birds unbutchered left for other quar-
ters.
On one occasion I visited the nesting
place and general resort of a large col-
ony of Pelicans on Indian River, Flor-
ida. Indian River, so-called is not a
stream in any sense of the term but a
salt-water lagcon. Separated from the
Atlantic ocean by a long, low, narrow
THE FRONTISPIECE :—The picture or view
shows a group of Pelican nests; some with
eggs others with birds of different sizes One
large one which is in the downy plumage is
seen hisSing at the tough looking crowd of
shooters who stand on the shore of the island.
In the background is seen the so-called Indian
River which is covered with Pelicans but
which the camera failed to show.
82 THE OOLOGIST.
‘
strip of sand, it communicates with’ the birds were fully three or four times:
the sea by a few narrow openingscalled’.
inlets. In this lagoon are many low
islands and all along the low ragged
shores are numerous smaller lagoons or
bayous, which furnish feeding grounds
on the waters and nesting quarters on
the shores for the Herons and other
waders as also for manyswimmers.
At our stopping place, known as Oak
Lodge, or as the Seminole Indians
called it, Alatka Shako,
from ten to twenty persons constantly
during the winter mouths. Among
others Professor Jencks of Brown Uni-
versity, who is an annual visitor to the
sub-tropical regions. Then there were
several young men from the North, who
‘were in for any kind of a lark. Also
John Baird, captain of a small schoon-
er, and who made his headquarters at
this place. He was our chief depen-
dence as he was familiar with each is-
land and bayou in the vicinity, and
moreover was an excellent sailor aad a
kind and thoughtful companion.
After sailing over all the river in our
neighborhood, we one day decided to
visit Pelican Island ten miles down the
lagoon and a few miles below the
mouth of the St. Sebastian River. Ac-
cordingly about the middle of February
six of us provisioned and armed our-
selves, and set off inthe yacht with .a
good breeze. The Pelicans, which we
had studied for some time as they flew
back and forth were the constant tar-
get at which all visitors shot, and it is
a surprise that. the birds do not all
leave the section. The Brown Pelicans
have a love for a nesting spot and they
adhere to a chosen site even when per-
secuted year after year. This rookery
has been known to exist for over twen-
ty years andthe birds have been shot
and robbed of their eggs and young an-
nually for over a decade and yet they
persist in nesting in the same. situation
each winter and spring. We were in-
formed by residents near at hand, that
there Wwere-
as many on the island afew years ago.
and that the eggsand young were ten
to twenty times more numerous a few
seasons back. aan
When the yacht drew near to the is-
-land the birds began to get uneasy and_
constantly arose singly or in small
flocks from the water near at hand, but
it was only after we had left for land
in the smali boat and firel a volley at
the huge birds, that a good idea was.
had of the size of the colony.
At the first shot clouds of clumsily
built creatures arose from the island
and near shore and again settled sever-
al hundred feet away on the river. At.
each discharge new detachments arose
with a mighty rush of wings, and mak-
ing a noise with the beating of their-
huge pinions not unlike distant thun-
der.
By an honest estimate I calculate
that there were 4,000 birds present
when we first hove in sight, but no
others of the party agreed with me, as.
they all placed the number at a much
higher figure, one even asserting that
there were not less than 10,000 birds.
Of course a great many were away fish-
ing, and perhaps the larger majority
were securiny fish away from home, as
I know to a certainty that these birds
often seek their food fully twenty miles
away, and] should not be surprised to
learn that they flew fifty to a hundred
miles for supplies during nesting sea-
son, and when the demand and necess-
ity is greater.
Many of the old birds kept flying over
us, offering easy and tempting shots.
These birds were undoubtedly anxious.
for the safety of their young. But the
large majority of the colony flew away
or sat silently with bended necks a few
hundred yards out, where they alter-
nately drifted with the faint breeze.
which reached them in the sheltered
situation and fished in their usual man~
TEIPS
THE OOLOGIS?. 8S
Nearly all of the nests were built on
the ground, although a few dozen were
in the branches of the black mangrove
trees which grew scantily on the north
shore of the island. The nests in the trees
were more substantial structures than
those on the sand but were of much the
same materials, sticks, coarse grass,
and rank weed stalks. The sticks,
some of which were fully a. yard long,
were often quite an inch thick.
birds evidently get the nesting mater-
ials in part from the main shore or the
other islands as tnere is not enough on
the island to furnish them al!, particul-
arly in the line of twigs.
Some of the nests in the Jow man-
groves were not more than a foot across
and Were mainly simple platforms with
very slight hollows. The tree nests
were generally in the lower branches
and from two to eight feet up, but a
few were ten or twelve feet np, and
some in the very tops of these naturally
low trees, ali of fifteen feet or a little
more. ©
On first landing on this island of four
or five acres we found all the nests in
the trees to contain young or eggs about
ready to hatch, and were disappointed,
but on crossing to the south side we
found eges in plenty, as well as young
of all sizes up to three weeks. This led
us to think that the first eggs of the
rookery must have been laid as early as
the last of December.
Three eggs appeared to be the aver-
age number, although many nests con-
tained only two and some only one egg
advanced in incubationand a few held
four but no nests contained five. There
must have been two hundred nests
which contained eggs or young, some
containing both eggs and young from a
week to ten days old. Again nests held
birds which varied a week or two in
ages, and in one instance the dissimil-
arity in size was so great that the larger
young one was endeavoring to swallow
his diminutive squab relative.
The.
- We were informed that when the eggs’
roll from the nests there are frequent
fights as tothe right of posses-ion.
This theory to account for the variation’
in theages of birds in a nest may be
correct, but would seem invalidated by
the fact that no nests were found to
hold over four eggs or, young or both.
For we may reason thatsome birds of an
unusually pugnacious disposition would
certainly secure more than their share
of eggs. Nevertheless, the habit of
stealing may obtain and the Pelicans
know full well when the complement of
four eggs is reached. At any rate the
egos get changed about, in some inex-
plicable manner, and the emerging of
the young varies much in time. I have
thought that possibly some boy visitors:
to the island in a sense of joke, or some:
naturalist, for experiment, may have’
changed the eggs, but still the fact that
four is the largest set, and we found a
set of four fresh, even sized and even
shaped eggs in one nest would indicate:
that this is the limit. ;
In the warm climate where these’
birds nest, the thermometer indicating
over 100 degrees Fahrenheit in the sun
at the time of our visit the old Peli-
cans do not need to incubate during the
day, and the complete sets of fresh eggs
indicate this, while they also prove that
the eggs of the clutch are laid closely to-
gether. Ifthese inferences are correct,
then we must fall back on the story -of
the pilfering of the eggs by the birds.
If any one ean add to our information
on this subject, I know that the natur-
alists would like to learn the facts.
-The young when first emerged are
disgusting looking, red, naked, skinny
things; in fact at no time during its ex-
istence can we allude to the Brown Pel-
ican as handsome in any degree. When
the birds are nearly a week old they
are covered with down, and at this
time they present a ludicrous appear-
ance, heightened by their attempts to
waddle out of the observer’s way, or,
84 THE OOLOGIST
later, when they sit up in the wreck of
‘a nest and hiss spitefully at the collec-
tor, making stupid lunges with their
long, ungainly beaks.
By using care I secured nearly two
hundred fresh eggs for my cabinet and
my collector friends at the north.
‘These eggs were packed in a big box
‘with plenty of grass and were about all
‘one man wanted to carry through the
long rank grass on the island.
The eggs are white and covered with
‘a thick incrustation of lime. After the
‘eggs have been in the nest a few days
‘they bezome much soiled and in this
way can be told from the fresh eggs.
‘They may be readily scraped with a
‘sharp knife and cleaned, but of course
‘to an accurate odlogist this plan is not
‘preferred, as eggs should be allowed to
‘remain natural.
There are hundreds of interesting
points on which I would like to speak,
especially on the habits of the old birds
in flying, fishing and feeding their
young, but space forbids more at pres-
‘ent, although I may give additional
notes if requested.
After shooting a number of specimens
for the collection we ranged along on
the shore and Mr. Henry Young took a
view of the party with his camera, with
‘a foreground of nests, eggs and young.*
Next day I blew all the fresh eggs
and packed them in Spanish moss, and
‘they arrived at my Michigan home in
perfect condition. I attempted to eat
-a Pelican’s egg, but the flavor was too
‘strong for me.
Morris GIBBS.
W.A. Oldfield of Port Sanilac, Mich.,
‘writes that on the night of Feb. 3d_ his
‘store and contents were destroyed by
fire. He also lost his bird notes, his ac-
‘counts with collectors and a_ portion
of his collection. :
* A half-tone of this photo is given in this
OoLOGIST.
Evening Grosbeak.
(Coccothraustes vespertina)
Truly this is well named a bird of the
night for, though not literally of noc-
turnal nature, it is canopied by black-
ness of such ebon hue as might make
Pluto envious or the shades :of Erebus
pale. Here, found in the plumage of
our bird is a most remarkable triad of
colors, blending, too, as they do, in
such beauty that, to say nothing of the
beak which can be distinguished almost
as far as the bird itself, it must indeed
be one who cares not for the wonderful
and mysterious in Nature that will pass
this Grosbeak without more than cur-
sory notice.
Prof. Coues sees in this bright avian
being the ailegory of diurnal transmi-
tation. I have watched them with
wonder akin to awe, as they congre-
gated in the tree tops at early morn or
at eventide, with the soft rays of a ris-
ing or declining sun heightening or les-
sening the degree of intensity of their
colors, and can well see wherein he
draws his illustration.
In the adult male the plumage colors
are black. white and yellow, with in-
termediate shades of the same. The
crown, wings, tail and its. upper coy-
erts are glossy black. Frons and line
over the eye, rump, under secondary
and tail coverts, yellow. Tertiaries
and inner greater wing coverts are
white, forming a broad patch that con-
trasts deeply with its setting of black
and gold, and is conspicuous either
when the bird is on the wing or resting.
Breast and under parts are yellow-olive,
shading to deeper olive on the throat
and around neck, and fading into the
yellow of the under tail coverts. Feet,
dark flesh color. Bill, greenish-yellow.
Length of both sexes about the same,
averaging 7.75.
Male and female differ much in
shade of markings, the latter being
THE OOLOGIST. 85.
not so striking in appearance. The
white patch of wings of male is lacking
or imperfect, and the colors in general
are subdued, excepting the white spaces
on inner webs of the primaries which
are clear. Underneath brownish, with
faint, irregular traees of yellow.
Young of the year resemble the female.
Both sexes arrive here from the North
together, usually in November, and
take their departures in March or April,
though a few loiterers may remain later.
Information regarding the nidifica-
tion of this species is very meager,there
being but few recorded instances of its
nesting. Its eggs are said to be similar
to those of the well known Rose-
bre sted Grosbeak, but the evidence is
not altogether csatisfactory. Of this
bird there still remains much to be
learned.
Their food here seems to be the buds
of the cottonwood (Populus monilifera)
and box-elder (Acer negundo) and in
these two trees they are more often
found than in others, generally peck-
ing at the buds.
They manifest little fear for mankind
and continue to eat uninteruptedly
while the observer stands near them.
My winter notes of a certain date,read:
This morning I saw a lone Evening
Grosbeak in a box-elder near the house.
It*seemed not in the least shy of me, as
I walked within a few feet of it and it
hardly hesitated in its work of gathers
ing a breakfast of elder buds. This is
but one of many times that I have not-
iced its rare trustfulness.
They are not common here, at least
not very common, but can not be called
rare. This season I have not noted
their presence. ‘The winter of 1890
they visited us in considerable numbers
and could be found in their favorite
trees almost any day until late in the
spring. That same winter we read
many notices of their occurrence where
they had not before been observed.
They are erratic and even here in Minn-
esota, where we can expect to see them,
we often pass a winter without noting.
their presence. They come and go
without warning. Flocks, two, three
or a single bird will be seen, and per-
haps found for several days in the
same locality, only to vanish suddenly
and be as though they had not been
known.
I well remember my first acquaintance,
made several years ago, with this re-
markable bird. It was inthe month of
February. I was passing near some
trees when a flock of Evening Gros-
beaks flew over my head, uttering a ery
so like the fall notes of the Robin that,
involuntarily, I paused and looked for
that well known bird, hardly believing
my ears had deceived me even when I
saw that the Grosbeak was the author
of the sound. In a moment they had
passed from sight, and left me medita-
ting on what I had heard and witnessed.
The momentary view of an unfamil-
iar being of such wonderful and_ strik-
ing appearance awakened in my mind
a strange train of thought. I stood
lost in' wonderment, hoping, fearing,
doubting, yet wishing to believe I be-
held visitors from the mystic land.
Other strange feelings crowded in up-
onmeasI stood gazing into the dis-
tance where that bright vision had so
lately vanished, which all the more al-
most convinced me I saw something
not of ordinary life. But, not altogeth-
er happily, I have become familiar
with this shadowy pilgrim from the
north, and I cease to wonder so much.
But from my first thoughts there must
always linger around the Evening
Grosbeak a weirdness that will ever
come before me with the form or re-
memberance of this, after all, little
known bird—fit representative of a lit-
tle known region.
A strange quietness broods o’er thy’ tri-colored
form
When thou comest, a spirit born on wings of
the storm;
86 THE OOLOGiST.
As boreal spirit, of the Hesperides,
‘Is thy home far beyond trackless, untraveled
seas?
_And do the blasts of the North thus drive you
astray?
_Are thy bright tinted vestments Auroras dis-
play?
What meaneth the darkness in thy vesture of
gold?
‘The immaculate setting thy pinions enfold?
.O stay! return not yet to thy far northern
home
°Till thou givest me tidings not found in a
tome ;
I read, ‘‘vespertina,’ thy name, ‘‘life little
known.”
Mysterious bird, thy guarded secrets thy own,
For, weird, silent, and brooding, thou Shrouded
remain ;
In the mystical glamour that palls thy domain,
_Just for a brief season and the sun brings the
j day
When thou wilt spread thy dark pinions—van-
ish away.
By the time Boreas is nearly ready to
withdraw and let the gentle south wind
unchain rivers and lakes, and loose the
fastenings that the buds may burst
forth on the trees and quietly hint at
the approaching vernal season, the
Evening Grosbeak, on sable pinions set
with white, flits silently by, like some
strange thing of inauspicious omen, re-
turning to its northern fastnesses and,
I suppose, domestic felicity.
LESLIE O. Dart,
Litchfield, Minn.
<
My Friend, Hairy.
While walking through a strip of
woods on a beautiful Sunday afternoon
in the latter part of May, 1890, my at-
tention was called to a Hairy Wood-
pecker, whose actions showed it to be
laboring under great excitement. Ina
few minutes I found out the cause—it
was my too close proximity to a dead
poplar, near the top of which wasa
hole.
The tree was a bad one to go up with
its loose, decaying, dirty bark, with a
nest of black ants inside, and the hole
“looked small, much too small for a
Hairy Woodpecker to get into, and
worst of all I had ona new pair of Sun-
day pants.
To climb, or not to climb, that was
the question, but the Hairy was getting
more excited than ever, so I climbed—
up through the nest of crawling ants
and falling dirt, up to the hole, thirty
feet up, or so; then stopped to rest, but
a moment later, slid wearily back to
earth again for I heard the young peep-
ing in the hole.
After emptying the dirt from my
clothes and trying in vain to make my
pants look as freshas formerly, I turned
homeward, not feeling particularly
pleased with my ramble. But at least
IT had seen how the Hairy built and had
found out the time of breeding.
I kept the remembrance in my mind,
and the sixth of May, of the following
year found me again in the same strip
of woods, and soon standing by the tree
I had climbed the year before. A limb
cracked under my foot, and out of the
‘Hairy’s hole, which had been enlarged,
dashed a Yellow-shafted Flicker. But
I was not after Flicker’s eggs, and be-
sides it was too early to expect any, so
I moved on. Back and forth I walked
through the strip cf woods, seeing plen-
ty of signs but no ‘‘good” hole until I
arriyed at a clump of dead poplars, and
in one of them, about twenty feet from
the ground, I saw a hole.
The ground was strewn with fresh
chips, which had been thrown from the
hole. Arap on the tree brought out
the female Hairy. The tree was not
over six inches in diameter and was too
shaky to climb. This difficulty was
soon overcome, for near by grew an ash
sapling. I was soon in the top branch-
es of the sapling, and my weight bent
it over against the stub. It seemed as
if everything had been planned for my
convenience, for at the top of the sap-
ling was a crotch which fitted around —
the stub and kept me from swaying, a
dead limb kept the sapling from sliding
THE OOLOGIST. 87
‘down, and two others served as foot-
vrests;and the hole came at just the right
place to get at it easily. I then took
‘out my “ege scoop’ (consisting of a
little bag sewn in a loop of a wire eigh-
‘teen inches long) and proceeded to bus-
iness.
I reached carefully down with the
“seoop” until I could feel it touch the
cround surface of the eggs. One ata
‘time they were brought up to light
‘through the ten-inch cavity, four in all
—four beauties with a yellowish pink-
ish color. How earefully I packed
‘them in my box and then slid carefully
tothe ground! But I had to take th+m
‘from the box and look at them again,
before I was ready to pack them for
‘carrying home. ‘That evening however
they were finally laid away safely in
my cabinet. Fora week, though, I had
to look at them two or three times a
(lay to see if they were all right.
About two weeks aft rward, on the
2st of May. I happened in the same
locality again and went to the Hairy’s
hole and tapped on the tree. What
was my surprise to see the female leave
‘the hole. I did not loose much time in
reaching the hole and was soon reward-
ed with a set of four, which were as
beautiful as the first set.
Meanwhile the female was flying
-around and erying “quit! quit! quit!”
But I did not ‘‘quit” and soon this set
was lying with the first in my cabinet.
On the second of June, I again visit-
-ed the piece of woods to look after some
warblers’ nests I had found on a pre-
vious visit. Passing the ‘‘woodpecker
tree,” I threw a stick at it for luck. It
struck, and immediately the male Hairy
left the nest. And as he flew to an oak
tree near by, the notes he uttered
seemed to be ‘‘quit, quit, quit, get-out-
-of-this, you’ve-’ad-enough!” But an
“ego-crank” is hard to satisfy, and
soon there was another set of four
Hairy Woodpecker’s eggs in my collec-
‘tion. I did not get a chance to visit the
Woodpecker again that year, and so do
not know whether another set was laid
or not. But I think that three sets
from the same bird in year is
enough for most anyone.
The following year on May 3, 1892, I
was hunting for my Hairy again. The
wind had blown over the nesting site of
the previous year. However, in half
an hour, the new site was found; it was
in a five inch poplar, 15 feet from the
ground, not a limb to stand on and no
convenient sapling. A couple of feet
above the hole, and on the opposite side
ofthe tree, was the remains of a
I climbed up, hung my climbing strap
over the limb, buekled it up and;
sat in the loop thus formed while I ex-
amined the hole. It contained only
one egg which I left. I did not see ei-
ther of the birds this time.
On May 14th, I was on the spot again.
In response to my rap the female left
the hole, and it seemed to me she rec-
ognized me and as she flew to a neigh-
boring tree she seemed to say “you,
you, you, here again?” I obtained a
set of four, incubation about one-third.
On May 28, I obtained a fresh set of
four and did not go near her again that
year.
The following year I did not go out
until the leaves were rather thick on
the trees. My bird was not to be found
in her old haunts. But as I was going
home she came to meet me from anoth-
er strip of woods and it seemed to me
she said ‘‘you, you, you, got-left” and I
had, for the leaves were so thick I
could not find the nest.
H. T VAN OstTRAND.
one
limb.
>
A Few Thoughts.
I have noticed with increasing dis-
approval the tendency of a large num-
ber of collectors to pay more attention
to the simple gathering together of a
large number of shells of different col-
or, shape and markings, for the purpose
88 THE OOLOGIST.
of being able to say they had so many
different varieties, than to the study of
the habits and peculiarities of the birds
themselves. The persons who follow
this plan are not naturalists; they are
simply collectors, and collectors of the
worst sort. There are naturalists to
my knowledge who have only a col-
lection of some thirty or forty species
of eggs, but their knowledge of the
birds themselves and their habits is
something every naturalist with a col-
lection of hundreds of kinds cannot
boast.
I think that the idea of collecting
more eggs than is wanted in one’s own
eollection has gained too much ground
with our naturalists. It is not the
student of nature who does this sort of
thing; it is simply, as you might say,
the pot-hunter. And truly the pot-
hunter is the more noble of the two (if
such term is applicable to either), as
the birds have a slight chance (and
very slight too)for their lives with the
pot-hunter, while the rapacious egg-
hunter carries off the eggs by the
hundred without a thought as to the
immense number of birds he is really
destroying.
It seems to me that some _ steps
should be taken to stop this willful and
cruel slaughter. The gaining of a few
paltry dollars at the expense of the
lives of hundreds of the beautiful in-
habitants of the air seems to me rather
a poor exchange. Did any one ever
hear of an Audubon or a Wilson com-
mitting such an act? No, never!
They would have considered them-
selves forever disgraced and totally un-
worthy to occupy the high place which
they do among American ornitholo-
gists.
I think we should all depend upon
ourselves for the specimens in our col-
lection; not upon the efforts of others.
Then there would be less incorrect
identification. The number of eggs in
the average collection which are wrong-
ly identified are usually about as large-
as those which are properly named.
If all collectors could and would read
the life of Audubon and would try to-
imitate him more closely we would
have a far better class of naturalists
in every respect, in our little ornitho- -
logical world.
Anyone who visited the World’s Fair -
will have seen that Ornithology is a
science and not a mere pastime alone,
as too many seem to regard it. The.
exhibits of this branch of science in the:
Anthropological Building were truly
wonderful, and did a great deal to
show what can be done in this line by
careful study and perseverance.
I wish to say just a word against
the chief tyrant of our feathered vis-
itors—the English Sparrow. It seems
to me that every effort shouJd be made
to influence the legislature to pass a
law offering a bounty for their death.
This would quickly thin out their num-
bers and give us back the birds that
used to be in abundance about our
doors before the advent of this stran-
ger. If all the readers of the O6L6GIST
would do what they could toward driv-
ing this bird out, we would soon be
able to see a noticeable increase in the
number of our own native birds.
I hope that this little article will put.
the matter in the right light with at
least a few collectors, and that there
will be more observation of the habits,
and a little less collection in quantities
of the eggs, of our birds.
FRED W. PARKHURST,
Bath, N.Y.
><
Nesting of Leconte’s Sparrow.
Leconte’s Sparrows are fairly numer-
ous in the vicinity of Reaburn, Mani-
toba. Their peculiar note can be heard
both day and night in fine weather, the
only sound I can compare it to is the:
note of the grasshopper.
THE OOLOGIST. 89
It is one of the most difficult small
birds to collect that I know of. They
are great skulkers, I have often fol-
lowed them guided by their chirping in
the grass, until I was sure the bird
was not more than a few
yards away, then he would suddenly
‘crowd on all sail’ and dart away at a
high rate of speed, gyrating from side
to side in a manner that would test the
skill of any collector.
On June 18th Mr. W. Raine, then my
companion at Reaburn, discovered a
small nest containing five small, speck-
led eggs, which we felt sure were the
eggs of the Leconte’s Sparrow as the
birds were in the vicinity all the time,
the locality was carefully noted and we
visited it four or five timesa day. On
the morning of the 21st upon wakening
we found it raining, but in a short time
we were cautiously approaching the
nest, when within a few yards the bird
flushed and by a lucky shot I knocked
it over and in another moment I had in
my hand the parent bird, Leconte’s
Sparrow. |
On the 19th while walking over the
prairie we almost tramped upon a
small bird as it fluttered from under
our feet and a short search revealed a
nest containing four young birds and
an addled egg, the egg corresponded
exactly with the others, the nest also
was identical and the glimpse we had
of the bird made it doubtless that “it
was another nest of Leconte’s Sparrow.
The nests wer: composed of fine
grass, cup-shaped and deep, carefully
eoncealed in the centre of a thick tuft
of grass. The eggs are greenish white
ground color, thickly speckled with
pale ashy-brown and the average size
is .65x.50.
G. F. Drerin,
Toronto, Canada.
To-pay you should either renew, sub-
scribe or send in a new subscriber to
the OdLoaisT for 794.
SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER
WILSON.
His Second Southern Tour.
G. VROOMAN SMITH
Xe
Only two hundred copies of the first
volume of the American Ornithology
had been printed in the first edition.
The very gratifying success of his re-
cent northern and southern subscrip-
tion tours seemed to warrant an addit-
ional three hundred copies. While the
new edition was in press, Wilson assid-
uously directed his attention to the prep-
aration of the second volume, which
was completed and ready for the print-
er in August, but owing to delay it did
not appear till five months later, in
January, 1810. An enormous out-lay ”
had been necessary in order to perfect
the plates, and in meeting this expense
Wilson became involved in difficulties
of which he never imagined. There-
fore before the work on the plates and
text of the third volume could begin it.
was necessary for him to undertake a
third tour in search of subscribers and
to collect information. Asecund south-
ern pilgrimage was agreed upon, but
this time following the courses of the
Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Or-
leans. The ornithologist corresponded
with his old friend and adviser, Mr.
Bartram as to the best means of travel.
In fact Mr. Bartram expected to ac-
company him on this expedition, but
for some unknown reason (probably
however the age of his friend would
not admit of such a tedious undertak-
ing), he was as usual, compelled to pro-
ceed alone. The account of this ornith-
ological journey comes to us through
letters written from time to time to his
friends in Philadelphia, and particular-
ly to his engraver, Mr. Lawson. His
first letter is from Pittsburg and bears
the date of February 22, 1810.
90 THE OOLOGIST.
In the latter part of January he bade
adieu to Philadelphia and departed in
the direction of Lancaster at which ‘he
arrived in a few days. On arriving at
Lancaster he waited on the Governor
who received him civilly. The distin-
guishe| gentleman was highly pleased
with the work and readily added his
name to the list. Wilson was intro-
duced to many members of both houses
of the legislature, but abandoned them
all in disgust, as in general he found
them a ‘pitiful squabbling political
mob’’ without knowing anything about
the forms of legislation. The follow-
ing Sunday he crossed the Susquehanna
River experiencing great difficulty as
he was obliged to cut his way through
ice for several hundred yards. Passing
on to York he paid his respects to all the
, literary talent in the place, without any
success, however. While here he learn-
ed of a most extraordinary character,
between eighty and ninety years of age,
who had lived by trapping birds and
animals for over thirty years. Through
the kindness of an acquaintance he was
driven out to see him, taking a half
pound of snufi, of which he was insat-
jably fond, taking it by handfuls. The
strange individual was a store house of
information relating to woodcraft and
told ancedotes of the greater part of the
subjects of the first volume.
At Hanover a Judge told him ‘‘that
such a book as mine ought not to be en-
couraged, as it was not within reach of
the commonalty, and therefore incon-
sistent with our republican institu-
tions.’’ Wilson cooly took this passing
of the sage’s opinion and added that in-
asmuch as he had built such a large
handsome three story brick house, that
also was beyond the reach of the com-
monalty and therefore he was as great
a culprit as himself. Wilson pointed
out to the Judge the importance of
science to a rising nation with so much
earnestness and effect that he began to
show signs of shame.
Departing from Chambersburg, leb-
ruary 11th he began the ascent of the
Allegany mountains, whose great de-
clivities were extensively covered with
timber. On arriving in view of Pitts-
burgh he was much impressed with the
distant view of the place. Pittsburgh
was much the same dirty, smoky city
then as it is atthe present day. For he
remarks that while yet.afar off he saw
the cloud of black smoke that always
overhangs it. He thought Pittsburgh
had a decided Birmingham aspect.
The ice in the Monongahela River was
just breaking up so he remained in the
vicinity of the city exploring the woods
till the ice left the stream. He exhib-
ited his book with success beyond ex-
pectation, securing fourteen new sub-
seribers. He was persuaded to make
the journey by water instead of by land
as the roads were impassible for a land
journey. ‘Thereupon he purchased a
small boat which he very appropriatly
named the Ornithologist, intending to
proceed in it to Cincinnati, a distance
of more than five hundred miles He
procured his stock of provision, consist-
ing of some biscuit and cheese and a
bottle of cordial a gentleman in Pitts-
burgh presented him> with. All these
were stored away in one end of the
boat with his trunk, gun and extra coat,
and a tin vessel to bale his boat with
and to take his ‘‘beverage from the
Ohio.”’
Bidding adieu to the smoky city of
Pittsburgh, he launched his bark into
the stream and was soon winding his
way among the hills that everywhere
enclosed that magnificent river. The
spring weather was warm and serene,
the river like a mirror, except where a
few widely scattered fragments of ice
spotted the surface. His heart ex-
panded with delight at the novelties
which surrounded him. ‘The sweet
whistling of the Red-bird on the border-
ing banks; the smoke of the numerous
maple sugar camps rising lazily among
THE OOLOGIST. 91
the mountains; the grotesque log cabins
that here and there opened from the
woods, gave a most delightful effect to
‘he varying landscape. The current
flowed about two and a half miles an
hour, but Wilson finding this too slow
stripped himself with alacrity to the
oar and added three miles and a half to
his speed. In the course of the first
day he passed a number of Kentucky
boats or arks, loaded with people,
horses and ploughs, flour, etc. The
arks were the principal means of com-
muuication and transportation between
the scattered settlements along the
river. They were propelled by two
huge oars at each side, and steered by
a long one behind, and made about
twenty milesa day. ‘They approached
a village with much the same demon-
strati nn as a stage coach nowadays does
in the mountains, with loud and long
trumpet blasts to announce to the in-
habitants their arrival.
Our traveler left behind him fifty-two
miles the first day and an hour after
night fall he landed before a miserable
eabin where he obtained lodging for the
night. He relates that he slept on what
he supposed were corn stalks or some-
thing worse, the uncomfortableness of
which caused him to rise long before
day break and proceed on his voyage.
The early hour was delightful and as
he silently swept down the smooth
glassy surface of the stream the far
away hideous hooting of the Horned
Owl, and the first morning carol of the
Song Sparrow were in harmony with
the projecting headlands beautifully re-
flected in the placid water. In this
lonesome manner, with an abundance
of leisure for observation and reflection,
exposed to hardships all day, and hard
berths at night,to storms, rain, hail and
snow he persevered twenty-one days
till Sunday evening, March 17th he
moored his frail bark safely in Bear
Grass Creek at the rapids of the Ohio,
having made in that time a voyage of
seven hundred and twenty miles.
Wilson became profoundly interested
in the remarkable Indian mounds in the
town of Marietta, Ohio. He explored
several of them and manifested much
regret that he had not the time to in-
vestigate their hidden treasures. About
ten miles below the mouth of the Great
Scioto he was overtaken by a heavy
rain storm, which soon changed to hail
and snow. ‘The fury of the tempest up-
rooted multitudes of trees along the
bank blocking the passage and com-
pelled him to keep his boat in the mid-
dle of the stream which he says rolled
and foamed like the sea. After a des-
perate effort he succeeded in landing
near a cabin on the Kentucky shore.
The cabin was that of a man called a
“squatter’’ an immediate successor of
the Indian occupancy, who subsist by
trapping. The proprietor was a veter-
an in the art of wood craft and Wilson
listened with interest to his recital of
hunting and trapping exploits. In re-
spect to these squatter inhabitants he
says that nothing adds more to the say-
age grandeur and picturesque effect of
the scenery along the Ohio, than these
miserable huts of human beings, lurk-
ing at the bottom of gigantic growths
of timber, that has its equal in no other
part of the United States. On nearer
approach however their appearance is
apt to break the charm, for they are lit-
tle better than pig sties. At these habi-
tations Wilson was obliged tovremain at
night or else encamp in the forest with
no protection from the elements.
Our traveler reached the Big Blue
Lick where the bones of extinct animals
have been taken in great numbers, but
at that early time comparatively little
was known of the locality, and only a
few bones had been found. The place
is a low valley, surrounded on all sides
by high hills. In the center is a quag-
mire of an acre in extent. Wilson
nearly lost his own life in pursuing a
Duck across the quagmire, into which
he sank, extricating himself only by a
92 THE OOLOGIST.
desperate effort. He reached Louis-
ville in the night having been detained
upon his way by a vain pursuit of Wild
Turkeys, until it was so late that he
was alarmed in the evening by hearing
the distant sound of rapids sometime
before he reached the city. He reached
Bear Grass Creek; landed in safety;
took his luggage on his shoulder, and
groped his way in the dark to the town.
From here he writes: ‘‘The next day I
sold my skiff for exactly half what it
cost me; and the man who bought it
wondered why I gave it such a droll In-
dian name(The Ornithologist) ‘some old
chief or warrior, I suppose,’ said he.”’
Leaving his baggage to be forwarded
by wagon he proceeded on foot to Lex-
ington, a distance of seventy-two miles.
The walking was uncomfortable and
the absence of bridges very inconven-
ient; however he was generally pleased
with the appearance of the country.
He was most profoundly interested in
the flight of the Passenger Pigeons.
They moved in immense clouds several
strata in depth, extending in every di-
rection as far as the eye could reach.
He sat down to note how long this
flight would continue; but after an hour
there was no signs of the end, in fact
they appeared to be crowding on in
greater numbers. He visited one of
these remarkable Pigeon roosts, exper-
iencing much inconvenience in reach-
ing it. The inhabitants of the vicinity
assemble there in great numbers at
night to kill the birds which is done by
every manner of device. At certain
seasons of the year wagon loads of
slaughtered birds are daily taken from
the roosting grounds to feed the hogs
on, which it is saidis a very fattening
diet.
Arriving at Lexington our traveler
was most surprisingly delighted with
the gay appearance of the city. For
many long weeks he had pursued his
way through the solitude of an almost
unbroken forest, and now to emerge
from the solitary forest into the busy
streets of this Kentucky city was exhil-
erating to the fatigued senses of the pil-
grim. Every where there was a no-
table spirit of industry. Everybody was
interested in buying and selling land.
The spirit of trade pervaded every
avenue of business. Especially was
this true of the Yankees, who,he affirms
we reall traders. One particularly en-
terprising Yankee—a house carpenter
from Massachusetts had brought down
the river from Pennsylvania several
barrels of apples and employed the
negro women ‘‘to hawk them about the
streets, at thirty-seven and a half cents.
per dozen.”
A Kentucky horse in that day was as.
remarkable as now, although in a dif-
ferent. sense. He says they are the
hardiest in the world, not so much by
nature, as by education and habit. For
from the very beginning of their exis-
tence they are habituated to every ex-
treme of starvation and gluttony, idle-
ness and excessive fatigue. In sum- .
mer they have the best of the land, but
in winter when the fields are bare they
become the very skeleton of life. In
this condition they are ridden into
town, a distance of twenty miles or so,
through roads and sloughs, that would
become the graves of any common ani-
mal, with a fury and celerity incom-
prehensible by any one save an inhab-
itant. Wilson was greatly surprised to
see what a vast amount of industry and
improvement had been gathered there
in a few years, and Lexington with all
its faults is yet an honorable monument
of the enterprise of its citizens.
From Lexington he proceeded to
Nashville; and here let us close this
paper reserving for the next the re-
mainder of his southern experience.
>< <> >
Mr. C. C. Henry of New York City
writes “‘I enjoyed the OoLogisT during
the past year more than any paper or
magazine I have ever taken.”
THE OOLOGIST. 93
Collecting Live Birds.
To the genuine Naturalist, who will
take the trouble to feed and take care of
birds, the live birds are much more in-
teresting and valuable for study than
~ the mounted specimens. Although
there are comparatively few species
which can be captured and kept alive
at a small expense.
In the last few years I have had quite
anumber of live birds, among them
were Hawks, Barred and Sereech
Owls, and a large number of Crows
and more common birds.
If any of the younger collectors were
going to start a collection of live birds,
I would advise them to start out with
Crows, as they are easily tamed and
will eat anything digestible by man or
beast. They will also eat cuff-buttons,
rings or anything of shiny appearance.
Although I would notadvise the use of
the latter articles in the way of food
for Crows. I have heard that they can
be taught to talk, but I have not tried
teaching them.
Next easiest to tame in my exper-
ience, comes the Owls. My last Bar-
red Owl would set on my arm and let
me pethim. My Owls would eat noth-
ing but meat. I let the Screech Owls
(last summer I had eight in number)
loose in the barn to live on mice; only
giving them a few English Sparrows or
a piece of beef steak once a week for a
change of diet.
My only specimen of Black Hawk did
not become tame enough to handle, but
would eat meat from my hand. He is
now a “‘stuffed bird.”
While hunting I captured a young
Sora Rail; he graced my collection for
about a month, when one night he
made a fatal expedition through the
bars into the next cage which contained
some Barred Owls. A few feathers
scattered about the cage told his sad
end.
A friend of mine tried keeping Prai-
rie Hens, but after a short time they
either all died or escaped. I have never
heard of anybody keeping them in cap-
tivity with any success. Mr. Studer in
his ‘‘Birds of North America” speaks of
keeping Bob-whites with success for
several seasons.
Some ofour birds, among them the
Woodpeckers, will die if kept in cap-
tivity.
The only instance in my experience of
wild birds nesting in captivity, was last
Spring, a Screech Owl laid a set of four
eggs, which are now in my collection.
I generally start collecting live birds
(also the smaller animals and snakes)
about April first and in the latter part
of September, I either convert into
skins or set free my ‘‘menagerie,” except-
ing the very tame ones which take up
quarters in the barn for the winter.
WALTER A. JOHNSON,
Galesburg, Ills.
>< <> +
Accidental Death of Birds.
In one of our well known ornitholo
gical publications there appeared re-
cently an interesting article on ‘The
Accidental Death of Birds,” in which
the writer tells of a number of cases
that came under his observation in
which birds had lost their lives by pure-
ly accidental causes.
Having met with several such cases
in my own experience, and thinking
they might possibly be of interest to
some of the many readers of the OoLo-
GisT, I send them in.
One autumn, several years ago, while
wandering over a collecting field of
previous seasons I found the remains of
a song sparrow and its nest, the bird
had used some string in building the
nest and in this had become so entan-
gled that it was unable to regain its
freedom, and had consequently died,
evidently from starvation.
I remember a ease of accidental death
that occurred to a family of young Yel-
94 THE OOLOGIST.
low-shafted Flickers some years ago.
The young Flickers were abort a week
old and resided in a large venerable
willow tree. One afternoon there was
quite a storm, the wind blew lustily oy-
er-turning the old tree, and°very un-
eceremoniously tossing the young Flick-
ers out upon the ground.
had apparently done them little or no
injury a section of the tree containing
them was cut out and stood up against
a fence, near where the old willow had
grown, in the hope that the parent
birds would return to the young,
they did not and in a few days the
young Flickers died: Artificial feed-
ing was tried but it apparently did not
du any good. Without a doubt large
numbers of young birds and eggs are
destroyed by the wind blowing the nests
out or the trees down, and I think we
have all in our. tramps through field
and forest found many young birds and
broken eggs upon the ground that have
been thus destroyed. It the eggs of a
season that are in this manner lost
could be preserved they would doubt-
less make a eollection of which any
odlogist might well be proud. °
During the latter part of last spring
and in early summer the wind played
havoc among ourtrees and consequently
among our birds. I remember walking
out one day after such a storm, and
finding the remains of no less than a
dozen different nests with eggs that
had been thus destroyed.
Dr. W. EB. ROTZELL,
Narberth, Pay
panes 2 UE RAs
Maryland B Birds That Interest the Sportsman.
All the Ducks, Geese and Swans are
migratory. Among what is known as
the ‘Shore birds” are many small ones
that are frequently bagged along with
the larger; but in the following list I
have only inclnded those which are
principally sought after.
The land ‘Game Birds” are largely
As the fall’
but |
hunted not only by the legitimate
sportsman hunting for the love of
sport, but also by the pot-hunter, who.
seems to use every means within his
power to exterminate the birds as fast
as possible. ‘Two of these latter living
‘in this city, have been going out at
hight after Bob-white and on the dogs.
“pointing” the roosting covey, they
have secured them all at a single dis--
charge of the gun.
' Merganser americanus, Americau
Merganser. ‘This species and the other
Mergansers are often shot by the duck-
ers and sold in market under the name
of “Fishermen.” They have a rank,
fishy taste.
Ands boschas, Mallard. One of our
first Ducks to arrive in the fall migra-
tion, and is generally shot in the
marshes. The male is a_ beautitul
bird and is sometimes called ‘‘Green-
head.” ;
Anas obscura, Black Duck, Dusky
Duck, Marsh Mallard, ete. This is.
another of our marsh Ducks, :more com-
mon inthe salt marshes. August 28,
1893, a young female was shot on Lake
Roland, Baltimore county.
Anas strepera, Gadwall, Gray Duck.
Sometimes killed by the duckers
Anas penelope, Widgeon Several of
the European Widgeon have been re-
corded from Maryland.
Anas americana, Baldpate, W idgeon.
This Duck is one of our early arrivals,
and makes good shooting, bnt at times
they are very high flyers. They are a
good table Duck.
Anas carolinensis,Green-winged Teal.
Not so common as the _ following
species, and more often killed over de-
coys in the open water.
Anas discors, Blue-winged Teal. This.
is the first Dueck to arrive in the fall,
and is found in the marshes and about.
the heads of Gunpowder and Bush
River. During August and September
many are killed by the gunners, who.
are after Sora and Reedbirds.
THE OOLOGIST. B 95
Defila acuta, Pintail, Sprigtail. Often
shot over decoys.
Aix sponsa, Wood Duck, Summer
Duck. The only Duck that breeds
with us regularly. The male is the
most gaudy of all our Ducks. This
species is often called Acorn Duck,
and from its habit of nesting in hollow
trees is sometimes called Tree Duck.
It is found in the marshes and on
streams bordered by woodland.
Aythya americana, Redhead, Pochard.
Years ago when Bush and Gunpowder
Rivers were full of wild celery (Valis-
meria spiralis) we had splendid shoot-
ing, and the Redhead was abundant.
Of late years this grass has been killed
out and the Ducks have been scarce.
Stil], on Mareh 5, 1887, my uncle and [
shot ninety-eight in less than three
hours. They sometimes stop on border of
inland water during migration. Some
years ago about six hundred spent the
day on Lake Roland, one of our water
supplies situated seven miles from the
city.
Aythya , vallisnerta, Canvas-back.
This. the finest of our Ducks, hke the
preceeding species is gradually disap-
pearing from our rivers; its principal
food (V. spiralis) being almost entirely
goue. When feeding on this grassa
fine, delicate flavor is imparted to their
flesh ana they bring a high price in
market, at timesas high as $10 per pair.
It is one of our best decoying Ducks.
If one makes up its mind to come to
the stools it is bound to get there.
Aythya marila nearctica, American
Seaup Duck, Raft Duck, Shuffler, Bay
Blackhead, ete. The Blackhead is a
common Duck in our rivers and in
Chesupeake Bay. It decoys well and
is a good table Duck, but not so highly
esteemed as some of the other species
It often associates with the Redhead.
Aythya affinis, Lesser Seaup Duck,
Little Blackhead, Creek Blackhead, etc.
Much smaller than the preceding
species. Decoys well. Ihave killed a
great many on Dundee Creek.
Glaucionetta clungula «americana,
American Golden-eye, Jingler, W hiftler,
Whistler. Common;killed over decoys;
named Whistler from the sound made
by its wings while flying. Often while
in the blind half asleep I have been
aroused by the sound of their wings. |
Charitonetta albeola, Buftle-head,
Butter-ball, Dipper. These li the Ducks
are often found on inland Jakes. [have
several times seen them on Lake Roland.
They are very difficult to shoot while
on the water as they diye at the flash
ofthe gunn. For this reason some call
them ‘Hell Divers.”
Clangula lyemalis, Old-squaw, South
Southerly, Long-tailed Duck, ete.
Common and trashy; often shot over
decoys while watching for better game.
Oidemia americana, American Scoter.
This and the other Scoters are some-
times killed, Init they are not fit for
the table. Often called Tarpots, Sea
Coots.
Hrismatura rubida, Ruddy Duck. The
Coot, as itis commonly called by our
gunuers, is a flne little table Duck. It.
does not often decoy, but will frequent-
ly swim into the stools. [ have some-
times been shooting Ducks from the
P. W. GB. rail road bridge over Gun-
powder River, during a perfectly calm
day. when the surface of the water be-
low the bridge was covered with large
“rafts” of these little Ducks. -If a
breeze would ruffle the water they
would arise singly and in small flocks,
sometimes flying up the river and rais-
ing just enough to clear the bridge
they would pass within a few yards of
me with the velocity of an arrow. Un-
der such circumstances I once saw a
man shoot away two hundred shells
and only bag a single bird.
Chen hyperborea, Lesser Suow Goose.
Rare; I have only seen it on two oc-
easions, March 10, 1890 and in October,
1890. inthe latter case I was. fishing
from the rail road bridge over Bear
Creek and a pair flew directly over me.
about forty yards high.
x
96 THE OOLOGIST.
°
Anser albifrons gambeli, American
White-fronted Goose. Very rare; only a
few ever having been recorded inMary-
land. November 12, 1892,my uncle shot
ne over Duck decoys on Gunpowder
River. It was alone at thetime. It
was mounted and is now in the Mary-
land Academy of Sciences, this city.
Branta canadensis, Canada Goose.
Very common during the migrations.
Many are killed at the shores at the
mouths of our rivers and along the Bay
Shore. I have seen large numbers off
Legoe’s Point at the mouth of Bush
River.
Branta bernicla, Brant. This is
more of a maritime bird and remains
along the coast.
Olor columbianus, Whistling Swan.
‘Common in Chesapeake Bay, often as-
cending its tributaries. I have seen
large flocks bedded in the Bay off
Legoe’s Point, where many are killed
at times. March 14, 1893, I saw a flock
of six in Gunpowder River, where they
remained within a radius of abeut two
hundred yards all day. They are some-
times killed on the Potomac as high up
as Harper’s Ferry. November 6, 1893,
several flocks were on the Potomac
opposite Brunswick.
Rallus elegans, King Rail, Fresh-
water Marsh-hen. Often shot in the
fresh water marshes by gunners when
after Reedbirds, ete. It is resident in
summer and I have taken two sets of
its eggs.
Rallus crepitans, Clapper Rail, Salt-
water Marsh-hen, Mud-hen, Sedge-hen,
etc. Migratory; abundant in the salt
marshes along the Atlantic coast, where
it breeds in immense numbers. I have
seen numbers of them floating about
on the ‘‘drift”? during a high tide.
Rallus virginianus, Virginia Rail.
Migratory; not common; sometimes shot
in the marshes.
Porzana carolina, Sora, CarolinaRail,
Ortolan. The Rail, as it is commonly
ealled, is very abundant in our fresh
water marshes during the fall migra-
tion in August and September. On
the marshes at Marlboro and Notting-
ham it is not an unusual thing for a
single man to bag from 250 to 300 birds
a day. At this season they are very
fat, and are highly esteemed for the
table.
Fulica americana, American Coot.
This bird is often shot and sold in mar-
ket as the Crow-bill Duck. They are
poor eating being rank and fishy. Mi-
gratory.
Philohela minor, AmericanWoodcock.
Migratery: as a rule, but resident dur-
ing mild winters... They begin to breed
very early and on the nest are exceed-
ingly tame. They frequent low wet
woodlands, and except for the flies and
hot weather make very enjoyable shoot-
ing in July, the more so from the fact
of their being the only game to shoot at
the time. Their flight when flushed is
rapid, but after flying a few yards they
will drop. They can be flushed several
times before taking a longer fight.
Many Woodcock are killed by flying
against telegraph wires; several times
I have found them on the ground be.
tween the poles.
In the spring while mating they have
a curious way of ascending in the air,
uttering a peculiar note at the time.
One moonlight night in March while I
was after Muskrats I heard the Wood-
cock all about me, and at times they
would alight on the sandy soil within a
few yards of me.
Gallinago delicata, Wilson’s Snipe,
Jack Snipe. The Jack Snipe is a com-
mon spring and fall migrant, most-
abundant in the spring.
When flushed they utter a peculiar
note reseinbling scatp, scaip, and the
first few yards of their flight is zig-zag,
making a difficult shot at the time.
They are found in the river marshes
and in wet meadows, seldom where
there are trees. Sometimes when
abundant, dozens will flush at the re-
THE OOLOGIST. 97
wort of a gun, circle all around utter-
‘ing their peculiar note, and then scatter
all over the marsh. As the Snipe is
often very wild and flushes against the
wind the best plan is to hunt them with
the wind, so in rising they will give a
‘closer shot. They feed like the Wood-
cock by thrusting the bill into the mud.
Macrorhamphus griseus, Dowitcher,
"Gray-back Snipe. The Gray-back, as
it is generally called, used to be very
abundant and in large flocks, being
found in the marshes and on the mud
flats along. our sea coast; of late years
they have been scarce. They are un-
suspecting birds and readily decoy.
After having several shots fired into
‘their midst they can be immediately
whistled back again to the decoys.
They are migratory, most abundant
during May and August.
Tringa canutus, Knot, Robin-breast »
Snipe, Robin Snipe. The Robin-breast
is at times abundant along the coast
during the spring and fall migrations,
generally being killed on the ocean
side of the beach, they, as a rule, keep-
ing along the surf. They are a hand-
ssome bird, and in my opinion the finest
of our shore birds for the table.
Tringa alpina pacijica, Red-backed
Sandpiper. The Black-breast, as it is
often called, is smaller than many of
the other shore birds,- but is generally
bagged when it comes to the decoys,
‘spring and fall migrant.
Limosa fedoa, Marbled Godwit. Mi-
grant; usually called Straight-billed
Curlew. Shot on the marshes along
the coast.
Totanus melanoleucus, Greater Y ellow-
legs, Yellow-leg Plover,ete. An abundant
migrant in our salt water marshes,
sometimes taken far inland. August
26, 18938, I saw one at Loch Raven,
twelve miles from Baltimore. They
decoy well and are good eating.
Totinus flavipes, Yellow-legs. Spring
and fall migrant. It is often called
Little Yellow-leg Plover. More of an
inland bird than the larger species, and
is often killed on our fresh water
marshes. During August 1898, about a
dozen remained for some time at Lake
Roland, Baltimore Co.
Symphenia semipalmata, Willet. The
Willet is a summer visitor, and breeds
in the marshes along our coast near
OceanCity. While shooting other shore
birds in the spring, the Willet should
be spared and is to a great extent.
In August they make fine sport, de-
coying readily. They are shot both on
the sea-side and in the marshes.
Wo. H. FIsHEr,
Baltimore, Md.
(Concluded rext month. ]
Western New York Naturalists’ Association.
A special meeting of the Western
New York Naturalists’ Association will
be held in the rooms of the Y. M. C. A.
Building, Cor. Court and St. Paul Sts.,
Rochester, N. Y., Mareh 17, 1894.
The business meeting will be called
atl p.m., sharp, at which all active
members are urgently requested to be
present. From 3 to 5p. m. the rooms
will be open to the public for the exam-
ination of exhibitions of specimens. At
8 p. m. there will be a public meeting
for the presentation and discussion of
scientific papers on different branches
of natural science. It is earnestly re-
quested that all members be present,
and contribute, as far as possible, to-
wards making this meeting one of great
interest to all.
All out-siders interested in natural
science, are cordially invited to be pres-
ent and contribute to the presentation
and discussion of papers, specimens,
etc. All who can be present or contri-
bute are requested to communicate with
the chairman of the Arrangment -Com-
mittee, stating the title and length of
papers to be presented, and enumera-
ting the specimens they will exhibit.
It is earnestly hoped that large contri-
butions will be made to the exhibit by
members and others interested and
that all will come as early as_ possible,
to allow ample time for the arrange-
ment of specimens.
B. 8. BowpisH, Chairman,
L. V. Cass,
E. H. SHort,
Arrangement Committee.
98 THE OOLOGIST.
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FEBRUARY CONTEST—Was decid-
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During 1894, as in 1893, the Publishers
of the OdLoaistT will distribute over
$300 worth of desirable prizes among
the patrons, contributors and readers,
of the OdLoeisr. Particulars in fall
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Dr. L. B. Bishop of 77 Whitney
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formation regarding the occurrence of
albinistic or unspotted eggs in species.
generally laying pigmented ones, also
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whose eggs are usually white or im-
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Mr. Egbert Bagg, 191 Genesee St.,
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known, the dates and any other infor-
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THE OOLOGIST. 99
Walter F’ Webb,
PIN
mounted: to order: ee
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100 THE OOLOGIST.
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l | | i | Hill Fractions, Decimals, Division, Per-
|
finerallin one. lvussia leather and
indexed, postpaid 50 Cts SEAL,
centage Interest, etc. AMUSING AND
TRICK ARITHMETIC. 128 pages. Size, 5
x 3 leather and indexed, £O Cts.
| XCFISIOR Webster SPELLER
Oi 4
Ul
i ! ue _ leather index, 75 Cts.
wbove books postp’a on receipt of price. AGENTS WANTED
EXCELSIOR PUBLISHING HOUSE,
25 Beekman Street. New Yorks
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When answering advertisements
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”
‘THE OOLOGIST.
CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED
Publishers, Patentees. Manufacturers, ete...
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses;
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters,
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will)
open up in 200.000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue,
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable:
and permanent employment to one man,woman.
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S.
and Canada. ‘The early bird catches the-
worm.’’ Wewantafew such ads. aS Brunn’s.
(sample below) to start with in this month’s.
MAMMOTH €dition of AGENTS HERALD.
Nails up signs, distributes circul--
RUN ars, papers, samples.etc.,through-
out Blackhawk and surrounding counties.
only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN-
Water!oo, Ia.
Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June-
90. He began during the summer. That ad.
paid then; 2s paying yet. He has been kept con--
stantly busy, employs three men to assist him,
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day~
distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It.
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to.
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who,
employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each
send you 1000 at the same time, making 1000
packages of 10each, for distributing which you
would promptly receive $30. 15in advance and.
$15 when work is done. Parents make your
boy apresent. Start them in this growing bus-
iness. Begin this neat business before some-
one in your county gets the start of you. ‘“Come-
in on the ground floor.’”? Instructions How to-
Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor-
ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or postage-
stamps for a 4 line “‘ad.”
AGENT’S HERALD,
No. 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pa.
For Instance,
s if you want to bind separate-
; ‘8 sheets of paper, snap on a Klip.
a es Trial dozen, 75c. Price-list.
fs “@ free. Agents Wanted.
H, H. BALLARD,
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a.
speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci--
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tt
TR AYS If you want any of those extra
0 heavy alligator covered
square trays, Such as we had in our exhibit at
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec-
tors thought the “‘slickest” tray for the purpose
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any
size from 3 in.x3 in. to8in.x8in. We will ship.
by express at \our expense in well assorted
nests at $1.00 pe 1100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if
you order spe ‘ial sizes and do not leave the
assortment to us, they will cost you $1.50 per-
100 or $15.00 per 1000.
Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices,
are less than cost.
Wecan furnish 3in x3 in.,4 in.x4 in., 5in.xdin.,
6.inx6in., 7in.x7in. and 8in.x 8in.
Order Quick if you want any of the World’s:
Fair Travs. F. H. LATTIN, & CO.,3571 Cottage-
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS.
THE OOLOGIST.
QUEEN & CO., INC’D,
MANUFACTURERS OF
MICROSCOPES,
AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS.
1010 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA.
MAGNIFYING GLASSES.
(A Superior Achromatic Triplet Pocket Lens for $5.00.)
BOTANICAL COLLECTING CASES.
PLANT PRESSES
(Newest Designs. Quite Inexpensive.)
SHE Em CORK
THR ACMK MIGROSGOPBRBS.
Microscopic Books, Objects, Supplies, and Mounting Materials.
«SEND FOUR STAMPS for new (79th) edition of our Microscopical Catalogue
B. It contains hints on the use and care of the microscope and reference tables of
eonsiderable value.
A sample copy of the MICROSCOPICAL BULLETIN will be sent free if you
mention this advertisement. Opera Giasses for Bird Study.
Our Chautauqua Shell Collection
Thirty-three Large and Showy Shells For only $2.00—less than
one-third usual prices.
From our large assortment of beautiful shells we have selected 33 species of the more desir-
able varieties. All are correctly and scientifically labeled and are very handsome. The follow-
ing is an exact list of the shells in this collection and the prices quoted are the ones at which
each are usually retailed.
1. Murex ramosus 12. Strombus lentiginosus 23. Cassis rufa
ZFATY ZO Ato ajetcteleleteielei ciao 25 Meh wAloybeoagguabinode 46 15 ZADZIVAL.ccceosscsoe. 25
2. Murex brandaris 13. Strompus accipitrinus 24 Turrittella duplicata..
Naples ..... sinvdcodood 1B) West Indies ......... Oe pvilOnat HsGdadudoshoo05 25
3. Murex regius 14. Pterocera lambis 25. MNerita peleronta
Panama ........ aoorn. 1) eB Philippines..... oaeind. 2h) West Indies ......- 10
4. Murex princeps 15. Aporrhais pes-pelicani 26. Haliotis Iris
Panama . ooo.) 2B) Mediterranian....... 10 DADAM sec ween censeiee 25
5. Bueccinum undatum 16. Cyprea caput-serpentis 27. Helix (Acavus) melan-
IMAGE, SoGcoSocadoocd 25 Ceylon wera eee on0006 otragus, Ceylon..... - 20
6. Eburna Japonica 17. Cyprea caurica 28. Asaphis coccinea
Japan..... oscacoogoo, | 89) Ceylon . cuocoo ako) Bahamas ~cccor..s-.- 15
7. Voluta vespertilio 18. Cyprea vitellus” 29. Tellina radiata
Singapore ........-.. 2D Ceylon .......- Sou0006 15 Bahamas ........-... 15
8. Mitra episcopalis 19. Cypraee moneta 30. Lucina (Codakia) tig-
Singapore’........-.. 20 (OP alot neoodd Aososodes 10 rina, West Indies... 25
§. Oliva inflata 20. Cyprea tigris 31. Tridacna (Hippopus)
Singapore ........ ora 1, 116) Australia ......c0.e.... 15 maculata, E.Indies. 20
10. Oliva litterata 21. Blued Cowry (C. tigris, 32. Pecten irradians
Florida.... ... cHGoaac yy wale) Decorticated)........ WEF Gao Goodadacooodag | 1140)
11. Conus (variety) 22. CvpEaes lynx 33. Pecten maximus
Hast Indies.......... 25 IDZAPOTe ....20---.- 15 German Ocean ...... : 25
— $6.30
The Shells in this collection, in size. will range from one to
five inches.
They are of all
colors and from all parts of the world. At ordinary prices, for scientifically labeled shells, they
sell at an average of 20 cents each. Onevalve only of No’s 31, 32 and 33 are in the collection—
Other bivalves include both valves. This collection is carefully packed in a light box and sent by
express at the purchaser’s expense. For only $2.00, or prepaid for 50 cents additional. —
F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y.
104b (122) THE OOLOGIST.
: bi CELEBRATED
‘Vietor’ Carpet Stretcher,
ACTIVE
AGENTS
WANTED.
500,000 Now in Use.
Warranted not to injure the finest Carpet. It holds the Carpet with about 120
fine teeth, thus grasping so much surface that there is no danger of tearing. Is —
simple in construction; manufactured from the best materials; it is durable.
The leverage is so great that it requires but little muscular exertion to strain the
Carpet to any desired tension on the floor.
SEE ONE, BUY ONE, and save yourself the untold misery of putting down a
Carpet by hand, thus saving lame backs, sore fingers and :valuable time, when
you cap purchase a ‘‘Victor” for the small price of $1.00.
Students and Teachers. Here is a rare chance to increase your revenue
during vacation, by selling the ‘‘Victor.”
Now is the Time. Do not delay until after the house cleaning season is
over. Now is the time to make big money! Order a sample ‘Victor’ Carpet
Stretcher and you will be astonished to see how quick you can sella dozen from
this Sample.
I will send you a Sample ‘Victor’ Carpet Stretcher upon receipt of $1.00 (Ex-
press charges Prepaid by me). Write for Prices and Terms-to Agents.
: Address, C. M. MALLORY, M’f’r.,
Mention The Oologist. ALBION, ORLEANS CoO., N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST.
Second Hand Books.— We will give at
all times good exchange for second-hand copies
of any book we offer for sale. We desire at once
ood copies of ‘A. O. U. Check-List.” and Baird,
rewer and Ridgeway’s ‘‘Hisfory of N. A. Birds”
—both “Land” and ‘‘Water Sirds.” F. H. LAT-
TIN & Co, Albion N. Y.
STEAM COOKER FREE!
: The Triumph Cooker with lock
aap cover, will cook Meats, Fish. Veget-
; ables, Beans, Brown Bread, Fruit,
i Custards, &c, without odor.. Fits
ie: any size stove. coal, wood, oil or gas.
= Having iron base, it is better and
5 cheaper than a tincooker, We send
at one Cocker free with Agent’s first
order. ‘Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart-
ford Hollow Ware Co., B. 673, Hartford, Conn,
AN UNPARALLELED Q FFER-
Any person sending
us 12c. before May 1st
We will in order to close
out our goods send
prepaid the following
articles, viz:
Mexican Resurrection
Plant, Instantaneous
Photograph Camera
(will be sold separately
for only 5c.) 2 Japanese
Napkins, 1 Japanese
Envelope, 1 leaf from
Japanese Book, 1 pkg.
Scrap Pictures, 10 var-
H, ‘ ieties ofForeignStamps
i Coupon good for 25c. on
andes an order of $1.00 or over.
: Co I The entire package
—— : will be sent you by re-
SAUL flit _ atin ill, turn mail, prepaid for
re re Tet eae Wr Mr eT only 12¢c.
We haye in stock a lot of desirable novelties
agd as we are going out of the novelty business
willsell our surplus at% price. Send stamp
at once for catalogue and list of stock on hand,
CUO VINO Aa ya 'G@:
Gaines, Orleans Co,, N. Y.
INSTANTANEQUS TH
a
f HOCKEMICALS REQUIRED i
£ DIRECTIONS. i
WITHDRAW THE SHUTTER AND 3
=LIKENESS WILL APPEAR.
RA Re es VO a a
re rea a RY ev
-(@ strongest, easiest, working, safest, simplest, 4
ei most accurate, most compact, and most
wi modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. fy
1 Catalogues mailed free by
The Marlin Fire Arms (Co.,
New Haven, Conn., U.S. A.
104¢ (128)
Our “Special” Mineral Collection.
Is composed of 52 Different Minerals, from dif-
ferent parts of- the World. And will be sent
prepaid for
ONLY 95 CTS.
The following minerals are found in this col-
lection, viz: Actinolite, Moss Agate, Alabaster,
Albite, Argentiferous Galéna, Asbestos, Asphal-
tum, Smoky Quartz. Calcite, Cale Spar, Cannel
Coal, Catlinite, Chalcedony, Chalcopyrite, Co-
quina, Cryolite, Hornstone (Chert.), Galenite,
Auriferous Pyrites, Gypsum, Lignite, Limonite,
Magneti‘e, Fossiliferous Marble, Milky Quartz,
Obsidian, Wood Opal, Petritied Wood. Muscovite,,
Porphyry, Pyrites, Rose Quartz, Satin Spar,
Selenite, Serpentine, Talc, Variscite, Wavellite,
Lithographic Stone, Lepidolite, Crinoidal Lime-
stone. Halite, Elzeolite, Nuttaiite, Leopardite,
Marmolite, Beryl, Diabase, Scapolite, Feldspar,
Lingula Sandstone.
The specimens in this collection are not chip-
pings that are usually sent out in low-prized
collections, but are good specimens that wilk
average nearly 1 in. x 1 in, each, properly labeled
and wrapped separately.
Hundreds of our Mineral Collections have been
sold during the past few years. Many Teachers.
of our Schools and Colleges purchase them by
the dozen for use in their Geology class. In
every instance they have given the best of satis-
faction,
The following is from a party who has pur-
chased between 25 and 30 collections: ‘‘Ship me
twelve collections of the Student’s Mineral Col-
lection by express C. O. D. All were pleased
with the other lot. Yours truly, 8. J. F., Leban-
on, Ov
The entire collection will be sent prepaid for
only 95 cts. Address.
a bas EANIDTRIIN) co (LOL
ALBION, N. Y., OR
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago.
FLAMINGO SKINS.
We have doubtless the finest lot of
skins of these elegant birds ever
brought into U.S. Every one is _ per-
fect and guaranteed to please. Prices
range from $8 to $15, according to brill-
iancy of plumage or from $15 to $25 per
pair, the latter figure being for the
finest selected specimens.
F. H. LATTIN & CO.
3071 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills.
104 (124)
New Standard Catalogue
OF
North /\merican Birds Eggs
COMPILED BY
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendre,
J. Purker Norris, Esq., and
the late Capt. B. F. Goss.
It gives the Common and Scientific name of
every North American Bird according to the
A. ©. U. Nomenclature. I[t also gives the A. O.
U. Numbers us well as those of both Coues’ and
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the
value of eggs of nearly every species, Over one
hundred of which never appeared on any print-
ed list before.
{It Is not a personal catalogne of any one
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector
in the entire World who has or could turnish
all the species whose values are given. and
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.
Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.
F. H LATTIN & CO, Albion, N. ¥.
Davie’s Naturalist’s Manual.
In ’85 we editorialiy mentioned this
book as follows,—
_ “Mr. Oliver Davie of Columbus, Ohio has our
thanks for sample copies of his Naturalist’s Man-
ual, it is a neat little work, and well merits the
attention of our oological friends The work Is
intended especially for the young naturalist.
Mr. D. gives instructiohs for collecuing and pre-
‘serving birds, eggs, nests, and insecis. and for
the benefit of the oologist he has compiled, from
leading scientific works a description of the nests
and eggs ot American Birds trom the Thrushes
to the Tanagers, inclusive (No. 1 to 164 Ridge-
way’s Nomenclature) to which he has added orig-
inal notes on the speeies with which he is famil-
dar.
The *‘Naturalist’s Manual” can be obtained by
addressing Mr. ). Price, paper covers, 75 cents.”
The book was published at 75 cts per
eopy and was worth the money. It
eontains 130 pages, illustrated.
In addition to points mentioned
above, it contains paragraphs or chap-
ters on the following:—
Cabinets. Choice of Guns and Ammu-
nition, Measuring Specimens, Arsenical
Solution, Skinning Birds, Sewing Wings
in Proper Place, Filling Skins, Drying
Board, Removing Blood and Grease
from Skins, Rendering Feathers Insect
Proof,How to Soften Dry Skins, Mount-
ing Birds, (well illustrated), Recipes for
Preserving Small Birds Entire, Glue for
Feathers, Arsenical Soap, Anneal Iron
Wire, To make Artifical Rocks and
Branches, ete, etc.
We have purchased all the copies left
of this valuable work and until May 1st
will mail you a copy for Only 26 cts.
F. B. Larrin & Co., Albion, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST.
ESTABLISHED IN 1873.
CHAS. K. WORTHEN,
Naturalist and Taxidermist, Warsaw, Ills.
.Also dealer in Bird and Mammal Skins, and
Geodes, new and rare species of North Ameri-
can Birds a specialty. Enclose stamp for prin-
ted catalogue. Desideratas for many of the
rarer species filled on short notice. Refer to
any of the more prominent Ornithologists, Col-
lectors and Institutions inthe United States.
“BIRDS of MICHIGAN”
By A. J. COOK.
A list of three hundred and _thir-
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages.
WELL ILLUSTRATED.
Profuse notes. Bibliography complete.
It is in. fact a work on the Birds of the Great
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol-
ogist in America.
Price, Postpaid, 75 cents.
Address
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y.
Davie's Nests and Eggs
or
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page lIllustratious of Nests, etc, by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D.
and W. Otto Emerson,
This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur crare indigenous north ot the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
The breeding range of each species 1s given,
the time of nesting, the exact number ot eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in former editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a GQOMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
given,
An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the
eld.
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion, N.Y.
THE OOLOGIST.
The Best Work on Ornithology for
the Mississippi Valley, for-the price
- ever published, is the
ror POR Y
OF THE
Birds of Nansas. §
By Col. N. S. Goss.
Col. Goss wis a life-long Naturalist: an enthus-
last in his chosen study of Ornithology; a mem-
ber of the Council of the American Ornithologi-
cal Union. and a recognized authority on his
chosen subject.
The Goss Ornithological Collection is solely the
work of this author, Each specimen has been
obtained and preserved by his own efforts, and
the entire collection—which is one of the largest
in the country, the result of one man’s exertions
—has been presented to the State of Kansas, and
is on exhibition in a room in the State House set
apart by law for that purpose and his entir> time
and fortune was devoted to its perfection: long
and expensive trips were annually made to in-
erease the collection.
The book is handsomely bound in full-cloth,
with gold embossed back and sides. There are
693 pages, besides the photogravure illustrations
of 529 birds. 343 species and sub-species are fully
described—special attention being given to their
nests and eggs.
This valuable work was published at $7.50. but
by special arrangement with the publishers we
are now able to offer it at the
Reduced Price of
Only $6-00 per Copy,
Prepaid.
F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion,
INE G
104e (125)
A choice specimen of anything on thie list will be sent post-paid for 3 CWS, or we will ecb
(ha entire collection, 45 specimens, packed in a neat wooden box post-paid FOR OWL FOS CFS
Not Resurrection Plant, Mex.
3 25 var. Forsign Stamps 81 Curio 8;
\@ Sun Shell, Nassaa. Bahames ag i ee geen eee Cale,
;5 Starfish, Cape Cod, Moss \. ‘Electrio” hae N.Y.
/6 Bark from Cork-Tres, Spain 3 Sand Shark Egg, Atlant
\7 “Big Tree” Berk, Mariposa, Cal) 35 Flexible Coral Baten) a ‘Tonge lale®)
8 Sand Dollar, Casco Bay, Ma, 36 Limpet, Bahamas
® Chinese Coin 37 Bloodytooth Shell, Nassap
10 Tusk Shell, W. I. 38 Fossil Shark Tooth, 8, C,
sai Chonan lpeaBlseeenes ap 40 Nutive Lodectona, Magnet Gene ache
, pore lative lostone, et
13 Cypraa helcola, Ambomay 41 Olive Shell, Zanzibar
04 Oyprea Arabrica, EL. 42 6 Guinea Peas,
85 Bed Sea Bean, Bahamss- 43 tecalo tpvoctabsya
16 Gray Sea Bean, Norsan, 44 2 Egg Capsules of Periwinkle, Atlan tion
17 Brown-banded Sea Boan, Bahamas) 45 Pisce of Cloth, made by tho NB
18 Scrow Shell, China tives of ile
—PUT UP AND FoR Gite sr—
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Publisher of “THE OOLoGIsTs*
i ccreabantere marl
jecim Instrumente, Supplies
25 Shaving froma Meteor, Coabaila, ®. w. | P0"prer foatreme Macurlist,
Albion, M. Y.
(Bexp 2c ram vou Couriers Lavra
This istrul, of the most ‘'Harcelous™ collecti I ia especially
adapted to ety one ofa Work, and while peay PeS Ceti ae collectors,
eller ones eine SS Tee m area Pes mncaos totes ex/ 8200,
We will eend the en’ fection mm mail, esc! men
i. Vesa capped aparatelys cafe delivery and satisfaction puorantecd, for ONLY 65 CTS
Address plainly, FRANK EH. LATTIN, ALBION. W. ¥.
peg Ra att
DUN KIRK WAGON COMPANY, —
Patented May 6, 1890.
MANUFACTURERS OF
Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays.
AGENTS WANTED.
SEND FOR CIRCULARS.
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market.
104f (126)
4
USE PRINTED STATIONERY.
well printed Stationery costs little or no More
than plain paper and its advantages are many.
We furnish stock, print, and deliver free of
charge, as follows:
Envelopes, 500, $1.59; 1000. $2.50: 100, 40 cents,
Letter Heads, 500. $1.50: 1000, $2.50; 100. 40 cents.
Business or Visiting Cards, 500, $1.25; 1000, $2.00;
100, 30c.
FOR ONE DOLLAR. _ As aspecial offer
to introduce our vrintiug, to all who will mention
the OoLoaisT and enclose $1.00, with copy, we'll
send 1vu0 Envelopes, 10 Letter Heads and 100
ards for only $1.00 postpaid. Our office is fully
equipped for the production of Stationery, Cata-
logues, Pamphlets, Books. Posters &c, and_our
prices are the lowest. Enclose stamp for rock
bottom figures on any job printing you may
want. Adaress. A. M. EDDY, Albion. N. Y.
The OonoGist is trom our presses.
The World’s Fair Eggs.
We have left about one-half the eggs that we
exhibited—mentioned in Jan. OOLOGIST as ex-
jhibited by “FEF. H. is. & Co.”’—at the World’s
Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs
of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack-
son Park and consequently the only ones at the
World’s Fair.
If you can use any of these eggs at not less
and perhaps ata slight advance over regular
rates we would be pleased to have your list of
wants at earliest possible date and we will
‘quote you lowest cash price for the ones we
have left. With each set we will give a written
guarantee that it was the identical one we ex-
hibited at the World’s Fair. re
Address all letters referring to the ‘“‘Exhibit”’
eggs to ALBION, N. Y.
FE. A. LATTIN & CO.
INSECT DEPOT.
FOR SAE.
Large and Showy Butterflies, Moths, Beetles
‘and all orders of Insects from all parts of the
World, Coccoons, and Chrysalides. Infiated
larvee and fertilized ova. Speciality made in
eggs for Silk Culture, Indian, Chinese and Am-
erican species. fuil directions given how to
raise them successfully. . Also in stock 400
Species of mounted birds in pairs. Birds skins,
birds’ eggs in clutches— from North America
and Hurope. Will take in exchange rare Amer-
ican Butterfles. Moths and Beetles, Coeccoons
and Chrysalides, also the larger birds eggs in
sets. Will give rare singles for sets. We car-
ry the largest stook of prepared Insects in the
United States and cin furnish any species till
now discovered. Hatomological Supplies. Send
10 cents in stamps for full Lists. No attention
paid to Postals.
Aaddress,
PROF. CARL BRAUN,
Naturalist,
BANGOR, MAINE. U.S. A.
When answer:ng advertisements
always mention the ‘OOLGGIST.”’
THE OOLOGIST. —
\
WE WILL give specimens of any kind, adver-
tising space in the OoLoeisT, and for extra good
offers anything we offer for sale or possibly
CASH for first-class Indian Relics, or tor new or
2d hand books on Natural History. in good condi-
tion, ornithology or oology preferred— a set of
the ‘Natura! History of New York” and copies of
“ s Collecting Cans, Plant Presses,
OLanISt S Upp 1eS. Microscopes, Labels, ete.
oD : Drills, Blowers, Embryo Scissors,
(pologist’s Supplies. Books, Calipers, Datas, etc.
: 5 Instruments and Supplies. We have everything
axl ermisi N you need. Tools of all kinds. Complete Taxider-
mist’s Outfit, $2 to $5. Everything used in Taxi-
ddermy Work. Glass Eyes in large or small lots. Special rates to large buyers.
: We have a few in stock and can furnish
ounted Bi N on short notice anything desired. We make
* a specialty of Birds, Mammals, etc., moun-
ited under convex glasses. Special list just out.
Special rates for the next sixty days, on anything
OO & in stock. Send for list.
®
The above gives a faint idea of what we have in our Chicago Branch. This
‘stock is all new and contains no rubbish. We have more than we can afford to
carry, on hand and offer now a Special Inducement to anyone who has
$3,000 to $5,000 cash to invest. Chicago with her Million people has no store like
ours. It will pay anyone who has a slight knowledge of this business to take our
-stock and establishment and make it permanent headquarters for Naturalists in
the Middle and Western States. Address,
F. H. Lattin & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave, Chicago, III.
THE LATEST Our Address
7 until May 1, 1894, will be at either
Dating Stamp. ee ee
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|} POST PAID. “LATTIN, at ALBION, and “WEBB”, at
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R. W.FORD, THEN AGAIN
Rubber Stamp Mfr. If you want to make a
BRISTOL, CONN. Scrap-book, indefinitely
a = extensible, under one al-
Can coin big money. Bran new
plan. Great craze. Just out. a
“Good side line.” Biggest chance 4 ether.
ever offered agents.salary or Ccom- : Trial dozen, 75c. Covers
mission. Be quick. Goods on : t Bae :
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‘TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila.,Pa. H. H. Ballard, 162, Pittsfield, Mass.
110 THE OOLOGIST.
A FULL JINE
Of everything in all branches of Naturalists’ Supplies.
Our Stock the Best. Prices Lowest.
Orders promptly filled.
OHAS, Kh. RAED,
262 Main St., Worcester, Mass.
Res To all that mention this advt. in OoLocist I will send my
large Illustrated Catalog free.
3 CouroN
GOOD
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On any order of one dollar or more
until June 1, °94, NOT AFTER.
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TAT
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3
THE OOLOGIST.
Announcement
Extraordinary!
*Davie’s Methods in the Art of Taxidermy”
will appear this month.
At last this great illustrated SUBSCRIPTION work will be delivered to its subscribers in one royal
octavo volume, superbly and substantially bound in silk cloth. Hach copy encased in a box.
The work will be national in its character, with
NINETY FULL-PAGE ENGRAVINGS,
@ THEODORE JASPER, A. M. M. D.
The whole work containing Five Hundred Figures clearly iliustrating the modes of procedure in
the art, together with examples of Characteristic Forms and Attitudes of Various Species of the
Animal Kingdom, including Reproductions from Photographs of Actual Work by American Taxider-
111
cMfERLY DRAWN BY
mists.
List of the Pilates in Davie’s “Methods in the Art of Taxidermy.”
FRONTISPIECE. Display Group
in the Author’s Museum.
PLATES. ,
1-5 Instruments, 36 figures.
6 Artificial Eyes, 36 fig.
7 Topography ofa Bird.
8 Feathered Tracts and Un-
feathered Spaces in Birds,2 tig
9 Skeleton of an Eagle.
10 Skinning a Bird, 9 tig. -
11 Returning the Skin over the
Skull.
12 Adjusting Feathers of the
Head.
13 Mounting a Bird, 14 fig
‘14 Wiring and Poisoning the
Tarsus.
15 Finishing a Mounted Bird,
&e. 5 fig.
16 Winding the Plumage of
Birds, 3 fig.
17 Removing Owl's Hyes, etc.
etc., 8 fig.
18 Breast-cut Method of Mount-
ing Birds, éte., 7 fig.
19 Variations and Exceptions
in Skinning Birds, 7 fig.
20 Legs. Wings, etc., etc., 4 fig.
21 Mounting Birds with Spread
Wings, 5 fig.
22 New Method of Mounting
Long-necked Birds, 5 fig.
23 Framework of the Ostrich.
24 Mending Broken Bones of
Birds, 9 fig.
25 Drying Forms for Birds, 3 fig
26 Wrapping Skins for the Cab-
inet: (2) figs
27 Models tor Bird Skins. 7 fig.
23 Ascertaining the Sexes of
Birds. 2 fig.
29-39 Korms and Attitudes of
Birds. 51 fig.
40 American White-fronted
Goose, in Thread Winding,
Greater Yellow-legs,in step-
ping Attitude, &c.
42 Cooper’s Hawk.
43 Oological Instruments, etc.,
ete. 9 fig.
44 Skinning Small Mammals.
6 fig
45.46 Wiring
peds. (fig.
47 Sewing up the Opening in
Small Quadrup-ds. 6 fig.
48 Skins of Quadrupeds. 2 fig.
49 Skeleton of a Greyhound.
50 Superficial Muscles of the
Horse and Dog, ete. 5 fig.
Diagram for ( ObtainingMeas-
urements of Large Quadrupeds
etc., etc.
52-54 Stages of Building the
Manikin and mounting a Grey-
hound upon the Dermonlastic
Method, etc. 6 fig.
Frame-work for Mounting
the Elephant.
56-59 Mounting of the Horse
upon the Dermoplastic Method
11 fig.
41
Small Quadru-
51
55
60-66 Forms and Attitudes of
Mammals. 1S flg.
67 Proboscis Monkey.
6S Chimpanzee’s Head, Hands,
and Feet. 4 fig.
69 Sewing up the Opening Cut
in Heads with Horns, etc., etc.
10 fig.
70 Designs tor Center-boardsin
Heads, etc. 4 fig.
71 Finished Mammal Heads in
rage. with mouth open. 4 fig.
Mounted Dog Heads. 7 fig.
73 Buffalo Head.
Head of Big-horn Sheep.
Caribou Head.
Elk Head.
Moose Head.
78 ‘steer Heads.
79-80 Skinning and Mounting
Tortoise, Snakes and Fishes.
10 fig.
81 Wiring in the Frog.
82 Wiring in Crustaceans. 4 fig.
83 Skeletonizing and Mounting
a Turtle. 3 fig.
a Snake and Lizard Attitudes.
fig.
85 Quail Group with Painted
Background in Convex Glass.
86 Trout Scene with Painted
Background in Convex Glass.
87 WoundedBlack-backed Gull.
S88 Short-eared Owl in Gilded
Crescent.
89 Making Casts. 5 tig.
THE PRICE OF THIS WORK IS $10 NET.
AS we have purchased a limited number of copies at the subscriber’s price ($5) we will make the
extraordinary offer to supply the few we have contracted for af the subscriber’s price. $5.00. —*i
When these are exhausted we will positively not be able to furnish the work for less than $10 per
copy. Our readers can form a fair idea of the magnitude of this work by perusing the list of plates
which we give above. The work will contain a fulllist of the American and Foreign subscribers.
on Aish IN 2. CO) ALBION, N_Y.
112 . THE OOLOGIST.
YOR
=
ELS
aN.
S Lae Al Tg
ART ri! ¥ LY Fi
eat Tear ph sal es EAP
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS.
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is
proposed to take the lead in furnishing systematic collections for
teaching MINERALOGY, GEOLOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools
and Colleges, Individual Specimens also furnished. Catalogue sent
‘on receipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps.
RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS.
Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describ-
ing Grand Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park,
Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey,
Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole United States, with adjotning
ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of these made
especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for
the Palestine Exploration Fund, now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical
Geography, Etc. ?
METEORITES.
A good price paid for meteorites of all kinds. New. and unde-
scribed ones especially desired. An extra price paid for the entire
‘“‘find” or ‘‘fall”’. Meteorites also cut, polished and etched.
WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences’ with
teachers and experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey
and U. S. National Museum, have just been introduced into the
schools of Washington, and will be known as the Washington School
Collections. It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence
have ever before been offered in this country at so low a price
($2 each). Send for circulars.
EDWIN E. HOWELL, 612 17th St. Washington, D. C.
_Monthiy.
VOL. XI. NO. 4,
EN GERI RIRIET ERIE
PE Se Lee eee ee es
Wat Bea re, oe SC
ALBION, N. Y¥%
a
. eee i
~
(eRCEEEEE,
“SER 50c. per Year. a3
APRIL, 1894: WHOLE No. 102
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements. “Wants,” “Exchanges” For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over
word. No notice inserted for less than 5ve,
“DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular
35. words, Charged: at the rate,of one cent per’ each adaitional
“Terms, cash with order.
Advertising rates, onli,
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list raves.
Exchange’ Cards and Coupons, (subscription) will be GI ee for * pWenhS, eee “Exchanges” oe
cand according ‘to Gongielons! sta iad: thereon.
To “EXCHANGE: —Specitiiéns « of 7 Fossil
Palms, Ferns, Leavés from-Coal,Mines of -N. Se
E. Penna. for Fossils, Indian Relics or Miner-
als. H. MYERS, Archbald, Pa. A-M
TO EXCHANGE.—Autoharp with music, sil-
‘ver postage stamp case, and painted placques
for eggs, sets or singles. L. F. HHAPHY, 104
E. 26th St., N. Y. City.
CENTURY MAGAZINE, Complete set of
new issue, bound in publishers old gold cloth,
like new. Will sell for the price of binding
$1 a Vol. or will exchange at $2 for rare Sets,
Well authenticated. EGBERT BAGG, 191 Gen-
esee st., Utica, N. Y.
SCREW Cutting Foot Lathe. 7%x380 inch
Swing, with swivel raising rest. chuck with two
sets jaws, three face plates, cenire-rest. drill
gad, fork-centre, all in first-class order. Price
0. Address, F. H. JACKSON, Angelica, N. Y.
LOOK! Forty copies. Journal of Education,
twenty South Dakota Educators, fifteen The
Teacher’s Institutes, eleven School Journals.
all in good condition, a few pieces cut out of
the first two sets. To exchange for best offers
of petrified woods. fine minerals and_ foss*l
ferns, or Indian relics. Fifteen good ungrooved
or lightly grooved flint stone tomahawk heads
to exchange at “forty cents apiece. GEO. W.
DIXON, L. Box 381, Watertown, S. D.
NOTICE! I will pay the following cash
prices for lightly cancelled Columbian Stamps:
le, per 190 10¢€; 2c. per 1005c; 8c. per 100 $1; 4e.
per 100 50c: 5c. per 100 50c: ic. per 100 $2.50; &e.
per 100 $2; 10¢c. per 100 A0c; 15¢, exch 8c: 30c. each
15e; 50e, each 20c: 1. e1ch 60c: $2. each $1: $2,
each $2: $4. each #3: $5..each 31. Stamped en-
velopes Ic. per 100 entire4dtes 2c. per 100 entire
30e. If cut square 4 the above: prices. J will
remit promptly for all stam. s’- Address W. C.
PICKENS, pneston: Ala. Gi
“Enclosed find postal note tor $2 97 in payment
‘for adv. and also for renewalof my subscription
to-the OoLoatist. Would say that fhe last ex.
notice in your paper broucht more answers than
-I needed. Wm. Rolte, San Bernardino, Calif,
MOUNTED Specimens and ‘skins for scienti-°
fic purposes. YM. NICHOLSON, Orlando,’
Florida.
aN ANON PEED SP WD ae gp SELON
STAMPS on Approval.—40 per cent. Commis-
sion, 50 varieties stamps including Japan 10c,
100 varieties including Siam 15c, 200 varieties
including Monaco and Hayti 50c, 7 varieties
Heuador unused 10. MEEKER-TOWE
STAMP CO., P. O. Box 296, Bridgeport Ct. A38t
SEND $1 (and 20 cts silver) and receive post-
paid a Blue Jay, Bronzed Grackle or any com-
mon bird. same size mounted (on perch) by
Violet S. Williams, who sent the only collec-
tion of mounted specimens admitted to the
Woman’s Building at the Columbian Exposi-
tion. Hresh specimens sent two or three weeks
after receiving order. Address, MRS. VIOLET
S. WILLIAMS, Coralville, Johnson Co., Ia.
STUFFED and live Alligators, TarponScaler.
Mounted fishes, Florida curios, in exchange
for Collecting Gun, Rifle or BB Cornet or Man-
ual of North American Birds. Send me list of
What you have for exchange and getmine. Ad-
dress. FRED STEEBNSGAARD, Taxidermist,
St. James City. Fla.
FOR SALE or Exchange. Telescope. cost
$3; 29 bar Chromatic xylophone $5; 3 fine figures
for Punch and Judy show. #4. Will take $6 cash
or $5 in curlosities. A. RIGLING, 201 South 12
St. Philadelphia, Pa.
“‘Enelosed please tind Money Order for $1.80 for
which please insert the enclosed advertisement
13 the On1oGistr tor three months beginning with
Anrilnumber Ad. in this months issue has
proved the value of your paper aS an advertising
medium, and we cannot recommend it to highly
10 advertisers.” Meeker-lowe Stamp Co., Bridge-
port, Coun.
WE HAVE a Job Lot of gold and silver
lated charm rules, a few are slightly tarnished
Ve have less than 25 all told and until sold we
will mail them prepaid at the following low
rates: Silver Plated 10c. regular price 50c;
Gold Plited 1ic.. regular price7b5c. EF, H. LAT-
TIN & CO., Albion. N. Y.
130
TO EXCHANGEH.—1 new 22 caliber, single
shot Davenport Rifle. Price $7. for Coues’ Key
in fine condition. Must be in fine condition.
Address. HUGH S. CAMPBELL, El Paso, Ill.
A. FINE ivory headed 6 keyed Meyer piccalo,
plush lined leather case, cost $10, almost new,
for best cash offer not under $4.50. GEO. E.
BALDWIN, St. Johns, Mich.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine California birds
and eggs. Strictly first-class specimens given
and desired. Desireable species wanted. Lists
exchanged. F. I. ATHERTON, Los Gatos.
California.
BRACHIOPO.S-First-class specimens(scien-
tifically labled) to exchange for entomological
instruments or supplies. Guaranteed cocoons
of Cecropia and Prometheus for other species.
Satisfaction guaranteed. Address. C. E. CUM-
MINGS, 560 Auburn Ave.. Buffalo. N. Y.
I HAVE eggs of the Great Horned and Barred
Owl, Red-tailed and Cooper’s Hawk to ex-
change for good Indian relics also for good
eggs. JASPER BROWN. Norway. Ila.
CALIFORNIA Birds and E¢ggs.—Extra fine
skins and mounted birds at bedrock prives.
Mounted collections furnished on short notice
at great discount. Eggs in sets for sale chean.
Send stamp for price lists. Satisfaction guar-
anteed. F. I. ATHERTON, Box 60. Los Gatos,
California. A2t
FOR EXCHANGE.—Wanted to exchange
Baltimorian No. 10 self inking printing press
With all appliances; fullline of chemicals; in-
duction coil. batteries. beils, push buttons, etc.
for eggs, revolver or caSh. Correspondence of
parties collecting eggs also desived. All] an-
swered. GEORGE GALLAGHER, JR.. West
New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—Some five and ten cent
stamps of 1847 issue (rare) for Indian relics or
eggs. also 3 or 4 years of Leslie’s Popular
Monthly. LON L. SMITH, 20 Gibson St., Can-
andaigua, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—An A 1 Detective camer.
Printing press, racing skates and Cigarette
maps and cards. for two, 32 cal. revolvers, ‘two
bowie knives, Oologists supplies, anda 92 or 93
model Columbia bicycle saddle For particul-
ars write to. CHAS. F. HEPBURN. Park Ave.
Hotel 32d-33d St., New York. N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds. animals,
game heads, antlers, skins of mammals and
birds or anything in our line for 5x7 folding
camera an'i double barrel breech loading shot
gun suitable for ducks and geese. We have in
pickle and for sale, fine skins of cow moose. a
mt. sheep, antelope and red fox. WM. HOW-
eG & SON, Taxidermists, Minneapolis,
inn.
BIRDS Eggs. skins. firearms. Stamps. and
books to exchange for eggs and mounted birds.
Want to exchange eggs obtainable here for
eggs of other localities. Will buy Coues’ Key
and other books on Ornithology if cheap. S.
vo RENSSELAER, JUN... West Orange,
TO EXCHANGE.—Old numbers of Harper's
Magazines about 100 for Old Flint Lock Mus-
ket, Flint lock Horse Pistol. Navy Cutlasses
Sabers, Rapiers, Indian Relics. Shells, Birds
Eggs or any other curios. Write what you
have. L. L. SMITH, JR., 20 Gibson St.. Can-
andaigua,. N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST.
U. S. STAMPS for collection wanted in ex-
for $8 worth of eggs in full sets withdata. H-
LAFLER, Albion, N. Y.
GREAT Bargain. To exchange eggs in sets
and singles from Kansas, collectors from other
localities please write. satisfaction guaranteed.
E. R. SMICH, Imes Kansas.
STAMPS, Arrowheads and Eggs for Fossils.
and Eggs in sets not in my collection. Would
like to exchange sets this season. Write:
CLAUDE B. HARRIS, Russellvile, Ind.
TO EXCHANGE 100 end blown birds eggs:
for Coues’ Key or best offer. JOHN O’CON--
NORS. 387 Blatchley Ave , New Haven, Conn.
NO'WICE.—First-class Calif. bird skins for
sale cheap. W.H. HILLER. 147 W. 23d St.,
Los Angeles. Calif. Please mention OOLOGIST
when writing.
FOR SALE.—Over 316 worth of Singles, 28
varieties, 116 specimens Purchaser will re--
ceive a good set, with data, gratis. Cash price
$8. Address, L W. BROKAW. Salinas, Calif.
FLINT SCRAPERS.—Consisting of Red and
Gray Flint, found in deposit, nice specimens,
supply limited. 3 for 25c. postpaid. Address,
HARRY B. MAPEL. Columbus Grove. O.
FOR SALE.-—Sfevens’ 32 cal. rifle’ in good
condition. Will sell cheap, write for particul--
ars. D. B. LORD. Deep River, Conn.
FIRST-CLASS Marbled Murrelet skins to
exchange for U. S. Confederate and Foreign
Postage Stamps. Taxidermist Tools and books.
on Natural History. GEORGE L. ALVER-
SON, P. O. Lock Box 232, Fairhaven, Whatcom.
Co., Washington.
FREE COPIES! The NMidiologist for March.
is a great number, Many interesting articles on
collecting and bird lite. with beautiful ‘‘half
tone’? illustration. including a page illustra-
tion of Golden Eagle’s nest. We want you to
see what a facinating magazine the Nidiologist_
is. therefore. for this one number we will se-d
samples free on application. H. R. TAYLOR,.
Editor and Publisher. Alameda, California.
I HAVE acollection of Hawks and Owls eggs
valued at over $250, containing, among Other-
rare sets, a fine series of 29 Mississippi Kites in
sets. all taken by my collector in Southern
Kansas. also 1-5 White-tailed Kite, 3-2 Sharp-'
shinned Hawk, ete. Complete jauthentic data:
with all sets. I will sell at1-5 catalogue price,
any eggs not satisfactory may be returned and
money refunded. This collection contains
about 65 sets and over 225 eggs, all Hawks and
Owls. The Kite’s eggs alone are worth over
double what I ask for the whole collection,
Oorrespondence solicited. W. B. PORTER,
Berwyn. Cook Co.; 1.
TO EXCHANGE.—Arrowheads for fine large
showy Minerals, an Emu’s egg, fine Fossil
Ferns polished (one side), Agates and a Hum-
ming Bird’s Nest and two eggs. I also want
two extra nice White Quartz War Club Heads,
a Copper Ax, Hatchet and Knife, and an Iron
Tomahawk. Will give extra good exchange in
minerals. fossils, shells or other Indian Relics.
Dictionary of American Politics priced at $1.25.
World of Knowledge,1.50 and Hinsdale’s Amer-
ican Government #2, all brand new.to exchange:
for above or other fine Indian Relics. GEO.
W. DIXON, Watertown. S. D. ;
When answering advertisements.
always mention the “OOLOGIST.’*
THE OOLOGIST. 131
I WILL exchange good {foreign and U. S.
stamps for U. S.stamps not in my Collection.
Send your sheets andI will do same. R. M.
BOOTH, 1130 E. Monroe St., Springfield, Illy.
GxI.; P..S., 7, Trustee.
TO EXCHANGE.—A Quackenbush 22 cal.
safety rifle, 32 cal. Smith & Wesson revolver,
32 cal. Forehand Arms Co. revolver, will ex-
change for coins. stamps, bird skins insects or
a good microscope. R. W. PRATT, Parker,S.D.
TREE CLIMBERS with spring steel clasps
instead of straps, great scheme will sell for $3
cash or $ worth of sets, Indian relics or curios.
CLARENCE H. WATROUS Chester, Middle-
sex Co., Conn.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Books on travel and ad-
ventures. for eggs specimens or books on Or-
nithology. W.S.PASK, 1415 M'%, Galveston,
Texas.
ODELL Type Writer in good order, cost $15.
to exchange for good Microscope, B. L. Shot-
gun, Sea shells, Camera or offers. Write.
FRANK STUART, Ritzville, Wash.
TO EXCHANGE.—30 foreign stamps, all dif-
ferent for cents ‘‘coined before 1857,’ 40 foreign
stamps all different for % cent pieces. Coins
must be in good condition. E. J. GARLOCK,
1602 W. 20 St., Des Moines, Iowa.
I AM prepared to collect all kinds of Oregon
eggs, with full data. and small hole at catalo-
gue prices, in exchange for shells. REY
STRYKER, Milwaukie, Oregon.
TO EXCHANGE.—90 Foreign and U. S.
coins, value $3. First class sets of A. O. U.
339 1-3 1-2, 51L 1-4 1-3, 390 1-6, 77 3-2 5-1, 488 2-4 2-3,
766 2-4, 507 1-6, 263 1-4, 725 1-5 1-4 and 35 singles.
Want 420 1-2. 325 1-2, 326 1-2 and other sets.
FRED N. SINCLAIR, Skaneateles, N. Y.
I WISH to correspond with all advanced col-
lectors Wishing first-class skins or sets from
Southern California. Send ‘*‘want” lists. EVAN
DAVIS, Orange, Orange Co., California.
FOR SALE.—A few choice sets of Mallard,
Teal. Am. Bittern, etc., cheap for cash. Orders
booked for 1894 collecting, correspondence sol-
icited. FRANK HARRIS, LaCrescent, Minn.
ELK and Moose Antlers. Fine specimens of
Montana Ores and Minerals for U.S. and For-
eign Coins, Fractional Currency and Auto-
graphs of Famous People. F. NELSON, 123
S. Main St.. Butte, Mont. "
TO EXCHANGE,—Two single action 32 cali-
bre revolvers worth $2 each, for best offer in
eggs, Stamps. books. or curiosities. DONALD
CURRIE, 1505 West Lake St., Minneapolis,
Minn,
I WILL sell Florida eggs this season at 15
catalogue rates. On orders over $3, 15 per
cent. discount. Sets or Singles. Write for list
R. W. WILLIAMS, JR.. Tallahassee, Fla,
WANTED-AI1 Columbian stamps,used,above
2c. Will give in exchange first-class eggs, sets
or singles. Will allow face value for 3. 6 and
all over 10c. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Sum-
mit Ave., St. Paul, Minn.
MAGAZINES.—Kight volumes of Century,
six vols. Forum, six vols. Outing all bound in
half leather. (War articles and Life of Lincoln).
Exchange for Indian relics, curios or good min-
erals. Quality considered above quantity.
F. M. MUHLIG, Joliet, Ill.
FOR SALE.—A fine canvas canoe, built last
July. Has been in the water only a few times.
For only $5. Write quick, CHAS C. SWISHER,
Tunkhannock, Pa.
STAMP COLLECTORS.- Send 10 cents for
our really fine mixture of 200 foreign stamps.
Send in order at once. The STAMP ASSOC-
IATION, Irving Park, I11.
FOR SALE.—Collection of stamps, catalog-
ued at $135. Remington 22 rifle in good condi-
tion $3.50. Five drawer Egg cabinet $3. Live
Chameleons. fifty cents per dozen. Address,
A. B. BLAKEMORE, 280 St, Andrew St., New
Orleans, La.
WANTED.—Hornaday’s Taxidermy. Ridg-
way’s Manual and *‘Hawks and Owls of the U.
S.? Will give big exchange in skins of White
Pelican, Ducks and Owls, also eggs in singles
and sets. Address. B. H. BAILEY, 402 A Ave.,
Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
I HAVE a beautiful 22 cal. Remington rifle
(including canvas case), latest model, in per-
fect condition; valued at $8.50. which I will sell
for highest cash offer. PAUL RUSHMORE,
109 Cambridge Place, Brooklyn. N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—For Indian relics, coins
or fossils, a collection of marine specimens.
Write for particulars, T. W. THORNDIKE,
22 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.
SETS of Hummingbirds eggs with nest and
data for 5Uc. Sets and singles to trade for-
Coues’' Keys. Ridgeway’s Manual, Maynard’s
Eggs and Davie’s Egg Check List. Sets and
singles sold at half price. W.B.JUDSON, 531
Eidorado St., Pasadena. Cal.
WILL Trade or Sell for best offers, Field.
Camera, (good condition) with tripod plates
(7x8) and complete outfit for making photo-
graphs. cost $20, will sell for less. Also.
mounted Jack-rabbit, Mink, Butcherbird or any
bird or small animal obtainable in my local-
ity. W.W.SHELLY, Taxidermist, Hesston.
Kansas.
WILL GIVE Florida Cormorant 1-4 for Gull-
billed Tern 1-4; English Moorhen 1-4 tor Forst--
ers Tern 1-3; Green Finch 1-5 for Long-tailed
Chat 1-4. F. A. PATTON, Drawer 35,Hamilton,_
Canada.
OF INTEREST to Stamp Collecters.—600 dif-
ferent cheap sets for sale; for instance 6 Chili
5c.: 4 Costa Riga 3c.; 6 Ecuador 5c.; 5 Guate-
mala 5c.; 6 Hong Kong 7c.;7 Japan 5c.; 3 Lib-
eria 12c.;5 Salvador 1Uc.;8 Simoa, current is-
sue, 50c, and many others. Send for dull price
list. W. SELLSCHOPP & CO., 108 Stockton
St., San Francisco, Cal. A38t
WANTED.—Hand Printing Press, Chase not.
less than 444x744 with a few fonts of type, ete.,
in exchange for rare eggs in sets and singles,
nice collection of sea shells, books on Natural
History, etc. F. E. FORD, Middlefield, Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE.—Gold watch, nearly new
cost 40 (G. M. Wheeler) nickle movement, 21
year hunting case. Also ladies gold watch,
cost $22, nearly new. Both watches in fine con-
dition. Also $5 gold top ring,cigarette pictures
and 4x5 instanious camera cost $15, for good bi-
cycle or offers. OTIS CALLAHAN, Cedar
Run, Pa.
When answering advertisements.
always mention the ““OOLOGIST.,.””
1382
Ub Vt
FOR SALE.—One set of 1 egg and 3 of 2 eggs
each of Bald Eagle, all first class with full data.
Also a new copy, late edition of Our Birds in
their Haunts. for $2 prepaid. -WM. H. BELL,
West Point. Va.
EXCHANCE.—Trostler Egg Tools, ‘Stamps,
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Send for stamp eNO ET Sheets. KERR &
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FOR SALE or RERUN GG IBCHENI 120 in-
sects in caSe\ will exchange for books on Na-
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METCALF, North East, Penn.
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I HAVE a few. automatic’ éjector’ Yevolvers,
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ter fire)'32¢or 88 jcal.,-,3i4. inch: rifle’ barrel and
long fluted cylinder, Weight 16 oz’ ‘Sent-on re-
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also double action, nickle plated, tubber. handle
and patent ejector for Only. $1.98. ‘Sold: else-
where for $5, F. E. HOLTER, Box 972,
lin, Qhio.
op Ae
WE WILL give speuiniens: ‘of ‘Any kind; adyer-\
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LAND and Fresh Water shells from this local-
ity, for others. or for 1st class single eggs. (with
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ANYONE sending me 5 U. S_ copper cents,
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LOOK! A eee calibre flobert rifle, rub-
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EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘(Malakka) In-
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{Stamps for a 4 line “ad.”
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nee.
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134
e Worm Eggs
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THE OOLOGIST. 135
A. Literal Interpretation of Prophecy:
Or, WHAT THE BIBLE TELLS
US ABOUT
The Location of HEAYEN and HELL.
And CHRIST'S FIRST COMING as a Lamb that
has been slain for the remission of sin.
Hi8 SECOND COMING to be a king and the
prince of peace, to confine Satan a thousand years
and then loose him trom his prison for a season
to deceive the nations of the earth.
4nd CHRIST’S THIRD Cu MING to be the Lion
of the tribe of Judah, fo raise the dead, and
change this world and the sir around it to what
He calls a New Heaven and a New Earth.
Itisal2mo book, 201 pages,
Price prepaid, 75 cents.
Address all orders to
JACOB V. LITTLE,
Deckert own. sussex Co.. N. J:
EGGS INSETS.
Set of 3 Roseate Tern !9c, 5 Green Heron 2Se. 3
“Killdeer 39, 4 Fia. Gallinule 22c. 4 Downy Wood-
‘pecker 40c, 4 W. Meado v Lark 22c. 4 Orchard Or-
iole 15c, 4 Bullock’s Oriole 2zc. 5 Baltimore Oriole
l7c. 4 Arkansas Kingbird 15¢, 3 Cal. Towhee 6c,
A Black-headed Grosbeak 30c, 2 Nigkt Hawk 4é6c,
.4 House Finch 13¢e. 4 Arkansas Goldfinch 23¢. 6
Parkman’s Wren, 4lc. 4 Sennett Thrasher 30c.
A)l prices are for the full set,
102 extra must be added on orders less than 50c.
James P. Babbitt,
Taunton, Mass.
EOREIGN Tear
EGGS Lattin & Co’s ‘Easter Offer.’
All orders for Foreign Egges must be sent us at
our Chieago Branch: Swallow 4 each ‘e;Nuthatch
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gc; Dipper 5, 15c; Jav 4. 12¢c: Magpie 567, §¢;:
Creeper 5,10¢:Long-tailTit5.20c: Redoreast 5-7, 10e;
Common Sandpiper 4, 15¢: Moorhen 7-8. 15; Soc-
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Cap 4, 5c; Great Tit 9, 20c: Marsh Tit 7. 20e; King-
fisher 4, 15¢c; Barbary Partridge 8-10-12, 10c; Red-
leg Partridge 12. 15c; Hooded Crow 5. 20c; Carrion
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ag signifies your subscription expired June, 1890
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fs ie He me Ai ec.
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104 be oe
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inus vir
-whites, (Coli
0 of Eob
A Crou
‘
tien,
Xposi
im
ibited by F. H. Latt
As exh
THE QOLOGIST. -
WOR. AT. NO. 4. ALBION,
Maryland Birds that Interest the Sportsman.
Colinus virginianus, Bob-white, Part-
tridge, Quail. The Partridge is the
most well known game bird in the
United States. It is resident with us,
but_if food or shelter is wanting during
the winter, it will travel some distance
from its summer haunts.
They always roost upon the ground,
often in the middle of a field, at other
times within the shelter of a thicket or
in the woods they arrange themselves
in a eirele, and if disturbed scatter in
all directions.
Their principal food consists of seeds,
berries and various kinds of grain. In
the winter when these are covered by
the snow they frequently go into barn
yards and eat with the domestic fowls.
During the severe weather in January,
1893, large numbers of Partridges per-
ished. Their food was covered by the
deep snow and they became so emaciat-
ed and weak that they were unable to
stand the cold, which under ordinary
circumstances when able to obtain a
~ sufficient supply of food, they could
easily have done. In Somerset County
I heard of three covies found dead in
one field, huddled together and frozen.
In the migrations of the Bob-white
they often come to a river and fly
across, but like the Turkey they are
sometimes unable to reach the opposite
shore. A case like this occurred near
our city some time ago. Two gentle-
men were fishing in the river when a
eovey attempted to fly across, but their
strength gave out and they dropped
into the water near their boat. The
birds were unable to rise, and the
whole lot, fourteen’ in all, were cap-
itured.
In September, 1892, early in the
morning, a covey of nineteen Bob-
. Y., APRIL, 1894.
WHOLE No. 102
whites and one Ruffed Grouse was
seen on the lawn of a house situated
next to mine. This was in the city, but
the house was in a yard of about two
acres, and had quite a large grass-plot
with trees and bushes.
artramia longicauda, Bartramian
Sandpiper,Field Plover, Upland Plover,
Grass Plover, ete. This is a bird ot the
pasture fields and is seldom found
where the grass is so tall that it cannot
see for some distance around. They
are generally very wild, and the plan
of hunting them from a wagon is some-
times successfully tried, as they allow
a horse and wagon to come much close-
er than a walking man.
In our lower counties in July and
August they congregate in the large
fields in immense numbers, often to
the extent of several hundred. At this
time they feed on grasshoppers and get
very fat. I have frequently shot them
and on:picking them up found the
breast burst open from striking the
ground.
Numenius longirostris, Long-billed
Curlew; Sickle-billed Curlew. Migra-
tory; rare. A few seenin the winter.
Numenius hudsonius, Hudsonian Cur-
lew, Short-billed Curlew, Jack Curlew.
The most abundant of our Curlews.
They are usually very wild and it is
difficult to secure them, although they
often come to the decoys.
Numenius borealis, Eskimo Curlew.
Capt. C. H. Crumb writes me that it
is a rare fall visitant at Cobb’s Island.
It should be found on our coast at the
same time, but I have no record of it.
Charadrius squatarola, Black-bellied
Plover. Black-breast Plover, Beetle-
head Plover, Bull-head Plover, Ox-eye,
ete. This bird, which is subject to a
variety of plumage from young to adult,
as well as a variety of names, is an
138 THE OOLOGIST.
abundant migrant in the spring and
fall. It decoys well, and when flying
with other birds it generally leads the
fiocks, for which treason it is often called
Pilot.
Charadrius dominicus, American
Golden Plover. This Plover is cer-
tainly found in our salt marshes, dur-
ing its migration, still I have no record
of its occurrence.
Aj gialilis vocifera, Kilideer. Resident
except during very severe weather.
Found at times in the marshes, but
generally in wet pasture fields and
meadows.
Arenaris interpres, Turnstone. Mi-
gratory; common in the marshes and
along the sea shore, where large num-
bers are killed over the decoys while
after better game. Commonly called
‘Calico-backs.”
Bonasa unibellis,
Pheasant.
Ruffed Grouse,
This, the Partridge of the
northern and eastern states, and com-
monly called Pheasant with us, is a
resident in the state. It is generally
found in rough hilly country, among
pines and laurel (Kalmia latifolia). At
times, but not often, they have been
found a long distance from their usual
haunts. In ‘‘American Partridge and
Pheasant Shooting,” Frank Schley says:
‘| have come across single Pheasants
in the open fields, among covies of
Partridges, at least four miles distant
from any woods or thickets.”’
They are very swift of flight, and
when flushed fly off in a straight line,
generally for about one hundred yards,
then taking a shoyt turn to either the
right or the left they alight.
A peculiar habit of the Ruffed Grouse
is its drumming. This is mostly done
about the mating season, although I
have heard it in November. In trying
to locate the bird by this sound, it is
found to be very difficult to do so.
Often in winter when the berries
which form their principal food have
disappeared, they eat the buds and
leaves of the laurel, wich is said to-
poison their flesh and render it unfit.
for the table, indeed it is said that
death has resulted from eating them
under these conditions.
Tympanuchus americanus, Prairie
Hen, Pinnated Grouse. The Prairie
Hen once ranged all through the east-
ern part of the United States, but was
extirpated many years ago.
Some years since about a dozen birds.
were brought from the west to this
state, and liberated in Kent county.
One or two were seen shortly after, but
what finally became of them I do not
know.
Meleagris gallopavo, Wild Turkey.
This the largest and most noble of our
game birds, is still found in abundance
in some parts of the state; being migra-
tory in a degree according to the sup-
ply of food. When on these journeys
if they come to a river, they will either
mount to the tops of the trees, or a
bank, before taking their flight across.
Iam told they have frequently been
seen flying across the Potomac River
near Weverton, aud on several oeeas-
ions have been seen to drop into the
swift water, being unable to reach the
Virginia shore. During the fall of 1893,
a tlock of ten or twelve Tirkeys ranged
the side of the mountain between Wey-
erton and Kuoxville, Frederick county.
The Turkey has many enemies, one
of the worst being the Great Horned
Owl (Bubo virginianus).
Mr.D.G. Elliott gives the following as
the manner in which this Owl isevaded.
He says: ‘“‘As soon as the warning
eluck of some watchful Turkey has
placed the whole number on their
guard, they immediately stand upright
upon the limb and observe every move-
ment of their foe, who soon selecting
one 6f them for his prey, swoops upon
it with the velocity’of an arrow, and it
would seem that the fate of that one
was inevitable; but as rapid as was the’
Owl’s movement, still quicker is that of
(
THE OOLOGIST.
his intended victim; for, lowering his
head and inverting his outspread tail
upon his back, he meets his enemy with
this inclined plane, over which he glides
harmlessly, and the Turkey drops to
the ground and insures his safety by
running away.”
As a rale the male Turkey weighs
about eighteen pounds, but often this
weight is greatly exceeded In Decem-
ber, 1892, one weighing thirty-two
pounds, killed in Garrett county, was
exhibited in this city.
Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pig-
eon. The Wild Pigeon was a common
migrant with us until about fifteen or
twenty years ago; being generally seen
in large flocks during September and
October.
A favorite place to stand and shoot
them was on Bare Hills, as in their
flight they would pass over there nearly
every morning between six and eight
oecloeck. This last fall (1893) they have
been more abundant than for many
years. I having received notice of
three large flocks being seen; the larg-
est containing about sixty birds, the
smallest about twenty.. Single birds
frequently fly with flocks of Doves.
They are very fond of pin oak acorns
‘and in feeding on the ground they keep
up a continual forward movement, the
rear birds flying ahead of the others.
Years ago in Howard county large num-
bers were killed at night while roosting”
and their bodies fed to the hogs. Thus
disappeared one of the noblest birds of
North America.
Zenaidura macroura, Mourning Dove.
Common; resident in some parts of the
state. In the fall of the year when they
flock in the stubble and thistle fields,
they afford a great deal of sport to the
gunner. They fly very swiftly, but as
their flightis regular they make an easy
target.
I have frequently had my dog to
“point” them the same as a Partridge.
Dolichonyx oryzivorus, Bobolink. The
139
Reedbird as it is called wlth us, is an
abundant spring and fall migrant.
When they make their appearance in
the fall, generally about the middle of
August, they are found in the pasture
fields feeding on the seed of the foxtail,
and other grasses. About the second
week of September they are abundant
in the fresh water marshes of our rivers
and are then very fat. Large numbers
are killed as they fly across the ‘‘guts”
from one marsh to another.
Our best marshes in whieh to hunt
them are in the neighborhood of Marl-
boro and Nottingham, where many are
killed, as well as Sora. When in good
condition they sell readily for from
seventy-five cents to one dollar per
dozen.
Oolurnix vulgaris, Messina Quail.
In the fall of 1880, several hundred of
these exotics were imported from Italy,
and Jiberated in various parts of Balti-
more county. Two hundred were
turned loose eight miles from this city,
and soon after hunted with dogs, and
although the dogs showed sigus of being
on game, the birds could not be flushed.
In 1881 a nest was found containing
about a dozen eggs, all of which
hatched but four.
Wm. H. FIsHEr,
Baltimore, Md,
ee
Hints About Data and Field Bake
Had Ia thousand tongues, I would
use them all, until tired, in clamoring
for wniformity of data.
If one keeps his data aS some do their
egas—a few in a bureau drawer, half a
dozen tilted into the egg-trays, and a
few odd lots pigeon-holed in all sorts of
out-of-the-way places, it will matter lit-
tle to him what may be the size, tex-
ture, make-up and neatness of the data
that accompany the sets in his collec-
tion. But if like myself he desires to
keep several hundred data neatly filed,
in a single letter case and so alphabeti-
(140
eally arranged as that he can refer in-
stantly to any data in the lot, it will
matter much to him that he have them
-as nearly uniform in size as may be.
Now, in my fat file of datas are long
narrow ones; tall narrow ones; big
square ones; and little oblong ones, and
all sizes from the 6x8 inch wholly hand
written, delightfully neat, and scien-
-tifically minute and circumstantial datas
of the late lamented Harry K. Jamison
—to the 3x14 inch scraps affected by
collectors of the ‘‘Hole-in-a-tree, high
up” sort. (These petty squibs have the
nest diuta,—what there is of it,—on the
back, which impertinence, of all the
impertinences that make one growl, are
most provocative of growling.)
Some datas are of the flimsiest paper
and some on linen paper. neat and dur-
able. On some the printer’s ink seems
to have become frightened at the paper
and ran about everywhere save where
it owght, while others clear of type and
clean of ink bear no such impression of
cheap stock, slop work and of the at-
mosphere and personality of the (print-
er’s) devil.
Could I have my choice I would have
in uniform use, a clear white ‘‘flat”’
linen or strong cotton data, printed
with eleareut type on paper of medium
thickness, of an average size of about,
or exactly 54x3} inches. The inscrip-
tion, ‘‘Private (or Oological) Collection of
thus and so” should, if it occurs, be set
modestly in small type, leaving the
bulk of the space on the data at the bot-
tom for the description, which is often,
alas! far too meager to satisfy either
curiosity or scientific desire. Such
space can hardly be too large, consist-
ently with the size of the data, for, as
“many can bear witness, the data pre-
pared by odlogists with whom it is a
delight to deal, begin at the top space
reserved for the discription—run, finely
written, down to the bottom and still
farther down along the lower data mar-
gin and then, likely as not, run over to
THE OOLOGIST.
the back side ending in a sketch of the
nest sit/ws and the locality. Such were
the datas made out by the genial! Dr.
Cooke of —Oregon(when will he ever
leave bone setting for a bit to collect
eggs again?) data, accompanied, of
ecurse, by eggs daintily prepared. This
sort of back-door illustration, and this
minuteness of description carry with
them the charm of the enthusiast, the
truly scientific collector, who always
gives us more than we had bargained
for, besides inoculating us, infecting us
with his glorious spirit. So then, we
all beg of you, don’t buy or use any-
thing but the largest medium sized ob-
long datas, neatly printed on good
strong paper.
“Where may such be had?” Ask
Lattin, or any other ‘“‘standard” dealer.
Tell him what you want, and you'll get
it. There never yet was a wide-awake
dealer so foolish as to keep in stock
that for which he had no eall, nor so
disobliging as not to provide whatever
his patrons might demand. Let ws have
a standard data blank.
A timid don’t if you please: Don’t
fold data in mailing, but if, like myself,
you have been so foolish as to buy a
quantity of square datas which mest be
folded use them up or burn them quick-
ly and then demand the standard, and
take no other.
Of course, being a live collector you
carefully record the particulars of every
set of eggs youtake. Do you then de-
sire for that purpose, a set of books
that are just what one wants for such
a use and that can be as readily and
as snugly filed away year by year as
the datas about which we have been
reading? IJ have used such a book for
three years. It is a peculiarly tall, nar-
row bank-book, interleaved with blot-
ting paper, which presents the high ad-
vantage of enabling one to make en-
tries in ink without necessity for the
tiresome aud time taking use of a _blot-
ter. (Of course, while in the jield you
THE OOLOGIST.
carry arough ‘‘pass-book,’’ or some
such article, in which are pencilled your
short-hand or hieroglyphic notes, but
this book is for the full, careful and per-
manent record.)
Ihave written the makers of this
bank book, asking them to give Lattin
& Co. prices in quantities for the book,
furnished without the bank printing, or
with any such indicative or time-saving
marks or abbreviations as somebody’s
wisdom or ingenuity may suggest.
And Jam very sure that the publishers
of this paper will furnish these books
to their patrons at such prices as will
make it a disgrace to every collector,
that is an odlogist, for life, if he fail to
use them. P. B. PEABODY,
Owatonna, Minn.
A Collecting Trip in Northern Iowa.
Saturday, May 13, 18938, was to me
the date of a “Red Letter Collecting
Trip” if [may borrow: the expression.
About 6 a. m. I started with a friend
for Lake Edwards, which is a small
lake about six miles southwest of Forest
City in Hancock county. As we were
crossing the prairie about 7 o’clock we
‘heard the rumbling ‘‘boom, boom” of
some prairie chickens coming from over
a hill, and on ascending it, saw quite
a flock of them on a level place on the
short prairie grass, with one in the.
middle strutting about with head
raised, tail spread and wings drooping.
There may have been moresthan one
of them drumming, but they took alarm
and flew away so quickly that I had
very little time to notice.
Saw a few Ducks in the sloughs,
numbers of Bartramian Sandpipers on
the prairies and fields and many Sora
Rails. The Soras seemed so very tame
that they could hardly be made to fly
by wadiag after them as they ran along
trying to hide in the thin grass; with
their short, stubby tails bobbing when
they walked, and standing straight up
when they were standing still.
S 141.
Shot a female Wilson’s Phalarope,
from a bunch of four or five ‘in the
water in a small slough. When I came
to dissect it I found it contained :n egg
about the same color as a Blue Jay’s
egg, but pater, larger and more point-
ed. It would probably have been laid
that day had I not shot the bird in the
morning.
We stopped for a while at a small
pond east of Lake Edwards, and hunt-
ed around for Ducks’ nests, but found
none.
My friend, who had lived in this.
vicinity and hunted considerably,
though not a ‘‘collector,”’ said that ten
years ago he sometimes had gone out
with a pail and gathered in Ducks’
eggs toeat, around this pond, but of
late years they were scarce.
We soon came around to a slough
running out north from'Lake Edwards,
bordered by a grove of small trees,
mostly oaks. Examined three nests.
that looked like Crows’, all in oaks and
not over twenty-five feet from the
ground. One contained six of young
Crows and another fragments of ege-
shells. They were much more sub-
stantially built than any Hawk’s nest
I have seen, being smaller, deeper and
closely built of sticks, and lined with
soft strips of bark, binding twine, hair,
ete.
While standing on the bank of- the:
lake three large white gulls came fly-
ing over, of which we managed to drop
one which proved to bea fine female:
Ring-billed Gull.
Finding a boat we rowed out in the
lake, where we saw numerous musk-
rats, coots and hundreds? of Black
Terns (commonly called “Slough Gull’)
hovering around screaming and dip-
ping their heads into the water occas-
ionally.. On shooting one a large num-
ber hovered over where it lay in the
water, affording an excellent oppor-
tunity for wing shots.
Soon after this we left the boat and
concluded to have a swim, as the day
142 -
was so warm and the water did not
feel so very cold to the hand. One
plunge was enough to convince me
that it was rather too early in the sea-
son for comfort and I lost no time in
getting out and dressed again. ;
After this we started to walk over the
hills to another smail lake, not, howev-
er, before my companion had killed three
Blue-winged Teal at one shot, in a
small inlet. Oa the hills west of the
lake I took a set of three beautiful
spotted eggs of the Marsh Hawk from
~ nest ou the ground, s2curing the fe-
male bird. On arriving at the lake I
sat down to write down some notes
and watch some small birds, while my
companion scoured around the take,
securing, another Teal. The Redpoll
Warblers (Dendroica palmurum) were
quite abundant among the low bushes
and on the ground.
On our return trip I shota Redpoll
Warbler and a female Virginia Rail.
Tt was dark when we reached home
and though I had ‘‘that tired feeling”
before I got alt my birds skinned that
I felt myself amply repaid for
being successful in securing
sand notes, having ob-
species:
night,
my trip,
both specimen
served the following
Ring-billed Gulls, Black Terns,
Cranes, Virginiaand Sora Rails, Amer-
ican Bitterns, Wilson’s Phalaropes,
Yellow-legs, Pectoral Sandpiper, Least
Sandpiper, Bartramian Sandpiper,
American Coots, Blue-winged Teal,
Spoonbills, Pintails, Mallards, Mourning
Doves, Canada Geése, Prairie Chickens,
Marsh Hawks, Crows, Blue Jays, Red-
winged Blackbirds, Meadow Larks,
Sw allows, Sparrows, Martins, Bronzed
Grackles, Yellow, Myrtle and Redpoll
Warblers, Brown ‘Thrushes, Marsh
Wrens, Kinglets and Robins; and the
first Bobolinks, Yellow-headed Black-
birds, Black-throated Bunting, King-
birds, Maryland Yellow-throat, Yellow
Warblers and Catbirds that I have no-
ticed this season besides several species
that I could not positively identify.
RupourH M. ANDERSON,
Forest City, Towa.
THE OOLOGIST.
SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER
WILSON.
His Second Southern Tour—Continued.
G. VROOMAN SMITH.
x
In our last article we were following
our ornithological friend through the
wilds of Kentucky and Tennessee and
more particularly through the one hun-
dred and eighty miles of Forest desert
intervening between Danville and
Nashville.
How vastly has that beautiful. terri-
tory changed since our traveller pushed
his way throughits wilds! At the time
‘of which we write there was not a sin-
gle town or village along the whole al-
most unbroken waste. Yet it was so
common for Wilson to travel’ unaeccom-
panied through uncultivated wilder-
nesses that his out door nature had in
fact become a part of the primeval sol-
itudes he was accustomed to explore in
quest of those feathered creatures he
had adopted as his companions, friends,
aye we may almost say as relatives, for
in them he saw objects worthy of his
most humane consideration. Separat-
ed from his native land and near kin by
three thousand miles of watery waste,
and he himself alone in the world, do
we wonder that he bestowed so much
attention upon those winged denizens
of the forest whom he chose as his only
companions for long days and nights of
fatiguing travel through the then un-
broken American wilds? It is worthy
of note that onr great pioneers in orni-
thology have all chosen similar modes
of life. -And yet how imperfect would
be our knowledge of those birds fre-
quenting wild and dangerous places, if
a Wilsonoran Audubon had not launeh-
ed their canoes on uubroken waters,
pitched their tents in lonely forests,
kindled their camp fires far from the
habitations of man, with the roaring of
CHE OOLOGIST.
‘the cataract or the distant evening
‘songs of the warbler and sparrow as
their only society for weeks at a time.
But kind reader I must refrain from
further digression, and return to our
friend as we left him at Danville, Ken-
tucky making preparations for his im-
mediate departure for the far south.
Not to go into details as regaras his
equipment, suffice is to say that at this
day we would regard his baggage very
insufficient for an overland journey of
one hundred and eighty miles. The
spring was particularly backward and
it was only when he was far on his way
toward Nashville that the latent life of
vegetation began to unfold, and, with
the return of the warm south wind most
delightful wonders were produced in
the woods and fields. The budding
sassafras, the large white petals of the
dog-wood contrasted with the deep
green of the poplar and buckeye, gave
to the landscape on every side a rich-
ness of the most pleasing relief to the
eye of Wilson. But that which engag-
ed our travellers attention the most
was the multitude of new and strange
birds that were fitting and warbling
among the branches of the verdant
freshness overhead. Here and there at
extender intervalsa pioneer had broken
the wilderness,and when Wilson emerg-
ed from the deep recesses of the solitary
forest, the rich green of the fields, the
the farmhouse and cabins, embosomed
amidst orchards of glowing purple and
white, all lent to the scenery a strange
charm of the sweetest relief to the
senses of our traveller Near the foot
of a high mountain, called Mulder’s hill
he overtook one of those family cara-
vans so common in that country, moy-
‘ing westward to some agreeable spot
where they would halt and hew a home
-out of the stubborn wilderness. He
was informed that the caravan was from
Washington Country, Kentucky, and
was going as far as the Cumberland riv-
erin Tennessee. ‘The singular ap-
148
pearance of this moving group, the
mingled music of the bells, and the
shouting of the drivers, mixed with the
echoes of the mountains, joined to the
picturesque solitude of the place, and
that the various reflections that hurried
through my mind, interested me greatly,
and 1 kept company with them for some
time.’ The 25th of April he spent the
night at the house of Isaac Walton,
thirteen miles from Nashville. After
breakfasting at an early hour, Wilson
was preparing to start when the hospi-
table landlord refused to take any pay,
and replied, ‘‘you seem to be travelling
for the good of the world, and I cannot
—I will not charge you any thing.
Whenever you come this way, call and
stay with me, you shall be welcome.”
Wilson remarks that this was the first
instance of such hospitality he ever met
with in his travels in the United States.
The spring was now well advanced
in that climate and the multitude of un-
known birds everywhere passing north-
ward, was a constant source of interest
and delight to our traveller. His gun
and pencil were actively engaged and
wany drawings were forwarded to Mr.
Lawson, his engraver, but which unfor-
tunately never reached him. Wilson
had the good fortune to pass through
au extensive pigeon roost, or breeding
place, about tifty miles from Danville.
He estimates it to have extended three
miles in width, and more than forty in
length.: The trees were principally
beech, and loaded with nests, and he
says, that in different places he counted
more than ninty nests on a single tree.
From Nashville his next point was
Natchez, Miss., a distance of four hun-
dred and eighty miles. the whole waste
being through the vast wilderness in-
habited only by Chicksaw and Chock-
taw Indians. Thislong journey through
a savage country was the most fatigu-
ing ever undertaken by our ornitholo-
gist, and added to the usual hardships
of out door life he was frequently at-
144
tacked with dysentery and fever, and
at times became so ill that it was
difficult for him to proceed. The rem-
edy he used was simple, being a close
diet for a week on raw eggs and straw-
berries which were then in perfection.
He also experienced the very uncom-
fortable sensation of being in a tornado
when the limbs of trees were whirling
past him in very volleys. He himself
adds that he would prefer to stand in
the hottest field of battle than encount-
er another such tornado. All these
dangerous experiences go to show how,
dearly the nine volumes of Wilson’s
American Ornithology were pu. chased.
May 4th he set out on horseback from
Nashyille with a pistol in each pocket
anda fowling piece belted across his
shoulder, and at once plunged into the
uncultivated wilds of Tennessee and
Mississippi. From his carefully pre-
pared journal we learn that the first
night he slept in a Chicksaw Indian hut,
the Indians spread a deer skin on the
floor for him, and with his portmanteau
as a pillow he declares that he slept tol-
lerably well. The following morning
he was early in the saddle and rode fif-
teen miles, stopping at an Indian hut to
feed his horse. Wilson carried with
him a paroquet,and this little feathered
being proved to be a continual fund of
amusement to all ages of these Indians.
While his horse was feeding he exhibit-
ed his feathered companion to the
whole family as they crowded around
him, and as they did so it gave him
an opportunity of ‘‘studying their
physiognomies without breach of good
manners.” He describes the natives
as being scantily clothed, and with just
enough of civilization to make them
‘lazy and anxious for whisky.
The country was covered in many
places with swamps, and through these
Wilson pursued his way with difficulty.
These swamps were covered with a
prodigous growth of canes and high
woods, which together shut out almost
THE OOLOGIST.
the whole light of day for miles at a
time. He finally reached the Tennes-
see river which was swollen by the
spring rains, thus making it about a
-mile across at that point. The low
bottoms bordering the banks were coy-
ered with huge canes, twenty or thirty
feet high, and he declares that these
cane swamps are the gloomiest and
most desolate looking places imagina-
ble. Not being able to cross the swol-
len river he encamped for the night,
‘iindled a large fire, munched a bit of
supper, and laid down to sleep: listen-
ing to the owls and chuck-wills-widow,
a kind of whip-poor-will that is numer-
ous here. I got up several times during
the night to recruit my fire, and see
how my horse did; and but for the
gnats, would have slept tolerably well.”
Arising early in the morning he shoul-
dered his fowling piece and scoured the
woods for game till sixo’clock. At
eleven o’clock he was able to haila boat
and eross the river, much vexed at the-
long delay.
The country now assumed a new ap-
pearance; the woods were entirely free-
from fallen timber and underbrush.
He says he could see a mile through the -
woods, which were covered with high
grass fit for mowing. Every spring
fire ranges through these woods and
they are thus kept so remarkably clean
that they look most like elegant noble-
men’s parks. Wilson was struck with
the number of strange and beautiful
flowers that presented themselves as he
rode along, and remarks that this must
be a heavenly place for the botanist.
The Indian boys with their blow-guns
interested him greatly. These blow-
guns are made of cane tubes, seven or
eight feet long, and when well made
are perfectly straight. The arrows are
slender strips of the same material, cov-
ered for several inches at one end, with
the down of thistles, in a spiral form,so -
as just to enter the tube. By a quick
puff they could shoot their arrows with
THE OOLOGIST.
‘such violence, as to enter the body of
a partridge twenty yards off. He en-
listed several of these boys in his ser-
vice but all returned from the hunt
without success.
I ask the indulgence ot the kind read-
er to quote from Wilson’s journal in or-
der to give in his own words the exper-
ience he had with an Indian and a
mocking-bird. “About half an hour
before sun-set, being within sight of the
Indians where I intended to lodge, the
eyening being perfectly clear and calm,
I laid the reins on my horse’s neck, to
listen to a mocking bird, the first I had
heard in the western country, which
perched on the top of a dead tree be-
fore the door, was pouring out a_tor-
rent of melody. I think I never heard
so excellent a performer. I had alight-
ed, and was fastening my horse, when
hearing the report ofa rifle immediate-
ly beside me, I looked up and saw the
poor mocking-bird fluttering to the
ground.
ed his elevation, and barbarously shot
him. JI hastened over into theyard,and
walking up to him, told him that was
bad, very bad! That this poor bird had
come from a far-distant country to sing
to him, and that in return he had eruel-
ly killed it. I told him, the Great Spirit
was offended with such cruelty, and
that he would lose many a deer for do-
ing so. The old Indian, father-in-law
to the bird-killer, understanding by the
negro interpreter what I said, repeated,
that when these birds came singing and
making a noise all day near the house,
somebody will surely die,—which is
exactly what an old superstitovs Ger-
man near tlampton, Virginia, once told
me. The bird-killer had married the
two oldest daughters of the old Indian,
and presented one of them the bird he
had killed.”
~He found the Chickasaws to be a
friendly inoffensive people; and the
Choctaws, though more reserved, were
equally harmless. Wherever he hap-
One of the savages had mark-’*
145.
pened to stop while in their territory
he was treated with civility.
He arrived at Natchez, May 7th, hav-
ing performed this extraordinary jour-
ney in thirteen days. He seems to have
enjoyed this journey, although it was
attended with considerable expense
and fatigue, and ever after he referred
to it with satisfaction. While at Nat-
chez he accepted the hospitality of Mr.
William Dunbar, a friend of science,
and in his company Wilson spent some
of the most profitable and enjoyable
moments of his life.
On the 6th of June he reached New
Orleans, and on the 24th set sail for
New York,where he arrived on the 30th
of July. He stopped a few days on the
islands off Florida, and while there
gathered much information of the far
south birds.
From New York he at once returned
to Philadelphia, arriving there on the
2d of August.
He had accumulated on this journey
a stock of new material for his work,
including several undescribed birds.
He had been away from home a little
over six months, and in all that time
his expenses amounted to only fonr
hundred and fifty-five dollars.
The Woodpeckers of Minnesota.
Hairy Woodpecker, Dryobates villosus
Permanent resident. Through the -
winter this species retires to the pine
and tamarack forests and is seldom
seen. About the latter part of Feb-
ruary they make their appearance about
the cities, often in company with the
Downy Woodpecker.
Towards the latter part of May they
retire to the woods to breed and are
not often seen about houses. They pre-
ferrather thick and low woods near
water usually, for nesting. The hole
is excavated in a dead willow, oak or
maple tree, usually from four to thirty
feet up, and about sixteen inches in
146
depth. The longest time taken by a
pair in excavating their hole that has
come under my notice, was 12 days.
This was a nest 23 inches deep excay-
ated in an oak tree. The shortest was
four days, this in a willow stubb.
The eggs are usually four in number,
sometimes five, and are laid on chips at
the bottom of the cavity.
They measure from .90 to 1.05 in
length anid from .60 to .75 in breadth,
and are pure ivory white in color with
a roseate tinge when unblown.
Downy Woodpecker, Dryobates pwb-
excens.
Resident and tolerably common. This
is amore social species than the last
and is seen commonly about houses
toward ’ the latter part of March.
The nests of this species ave begun
about May 15th and fresh sets may be
secured from then to June 10th.
“he holes take from two to ten days
in excavating and are from eight to
fifteen inches deep and about two in-
ches in diameter at the opening.
The holes are usually made in oak or
willow stubs. They breed abundantly
up the Minnesota River in the dead wil-
lows along the banks. Eggs usually
five sometimes four and ravely six or
seven. Pinkish
white
but fade to a dull white when blown.
They measure from .70 to .85 in
length and .60 to .65 in breadth.
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapt-
CUS VATVUS.
Fairly common summer resident, ar-
riving the first week in April, and from
then until the first or second week in
May they may be commonly seen about
the maple trees in the cities, which are
punctured by them for the sap and
when unblown,
more commonly for the larve and
insects which lie under the bark.
Towards the second week in May
they retire to the thick woods to breed,
where they excavate their holes in dead
trees, usually about twenty feet from
the ground but occasionally much
higher.
THE OOLOGIST. ~ :
The eggs are laid by the first week in
June, and are usually four in number,
very rarely five. White like all other
Woodpecker’s eggs, with roseate dinge
when unblown. Two sets measure as
follows: .80x.60, .82x.59, .82x.62, .79x
.60 and .90x 67, .88x.65, .88x.65, .87x.60.
Pileated Woodpecker, Ceophlocus pil-
eats.
Rare. This bird is rarely seen in this
locality (St. Paul), but, is common
farther north.
One nest was found last June in Dak-
ota county, which contained three eggs,
well incubated. Average measure-
ment 1.350x.93. ;
Red-headed Woodpecker, ne
erythrocephulus.
Common summer resident. Arrives
about the first of April. The birds pre-
fer to nest in the vicinity of houses and
do not resort to the woods unless mol-
ested. These birds nest almost any-
_where making their holes in fence posts,
deserted houses and even chimneys.
The eggs are four to six in number
and measure on an average 1 00x80.
This species will continue to lay like
the Flicker, provided a nest eg@ is left.
They leave early in October.
Flicker, Yellow Hammez
tes hin
Abundant summer resident, arriving
early in April and leaving late in Oc-
tober.
These }
*, etc., Colap-
yirds are very sociable but also
suspicious, and prefer to nest near
houses, but are not always permitted
to do so as they are often killed because
they bore into houses, commonly to get
out of reach of small boys.
They are well known to lay a large
number of eggs when repeatedly robbed.
When not disturbed the average set
consists of seven eggs, often six and
sometimes eight or nine. Average
measurements 1.10x.90s.
WALTON MITCHELL,
St. Paul, Minn.
THE OOLOGIST. 147
The American Crow.
For some two years now, the Ornith-
ologist’s Association has been making a
special study of the Crow. Of course,
the great question is as to its utility, or
its destructiveness. That it does much
mischief no one doubts, but on the
other hand, is there a possible balance
in its favor. In order to determine
this question, the Crows must be close-
ly watched throughout the year, mauy
must be killed and the contents of their
stomachs examined. Before we decide
on the protection or destruction of any
class of birds, there should: be a wide
range of inductive study, and a very
cautious deduction. Some of our mem-
bers, particularly Mr. Harry K. Man-
nakee, to whose careful observation
over many years the substance of this
article must be attributed, have given
much attention to the study of the Crow.
In respect to the destructive propen-
sities of the species the most noted
item is in the corn field. When the
corn first comes up in the Spring, the
Crow will start his line of march on a
row and take out each hill as he goes
along, probing his bill straight down by
the tender blade and digging up’ the
soit kernel at the root, thus leaving the
blade to whither on the surface. As
this mischief occurs during the feather-
ing of the young, they. are fed on the
softened grain. Keeping up a great
racket as the parent bird brings the
food. Asthe species is not gregarious
at this time of year, but is widely dis-
tributed over the vast corn fields in the
vicinity of forests, the depredation is
widely extended and not striking
enough to be closely observed.
The next period of mischief is when
the corn is yet tender in the ear. Then
the birds light on the ear, pull open the
outer end and the upper side and take
off a large portion of grain, leaving the
remainder exposed to the weather, and
thus ruining the whole ear. Mr. Man-
nakee is sure that he has seen not less
than a thousand at once engaged in
thus damaging the corn fields of Mary-
land. After the corn is cut the Crows
continue in the fields, lighting on the
shocks and opening the ears as_ betore.
Less damage is done at this time, how-
ever, as the corn is less exposed.
When the wheat is shocked the Crow
shares the harvest, sometimes alighting
on shocks in such numbers as to utterly
blacken them. At such times Mr. M.
has taken as many as seven at one shot.
Next in importance is the destruction
of the young and the eggs of the smaller
birds. Itis safe to say that this is a
favorite item in the Crow’s bill of fare.
It has a sharp eye, is ever on the alert,
and none of the small birds nests,
whether in trees or on the ground, are
exempt, unless it be the Woodpeckers
and such other birds as nest in close
cavities. As the small birds are espec-
ially insectiverous, the damage is great.
Just here it may be proper to say that
only those who make a study of bird’s
nests, can form any conception of the
number of them which are destroyed in
various ways, probably not less than
one-halt.
Few people in the North, where the
farms are comparatively small and for
the most part cleared and under culti-
vation, can form any conception of the
mischief done by the Crows to hen’s
nests in the South, where the immense
tracts of pine woods become alike a
rendezvous and a breeding place. A
great deal of poultry also is kept in
these parts, and the flocks wander more
extensively than they would be allowed
to do in more highly cultivated districts.
Hence the Crow has a continual feast
on fresh eggs and young chickens. He
knows where the out-lying hen’s nests
are, perches in the neighborhood and
waits for hours for biddy to be -deliy-
ered of her egg. When she leaves the
nest Mr. Crow loses no time in antici-
pating the owner of the premises.
148
Sticking his bill into the shell he may
be seen flying with it across the field,
piles of the shells may be found under
their nests. Nests carefully hid away and
so escaping the eye of the good house
dame, are not infrequently found by
watching the black thief. The turkey’s
nest, carefully bushed in some remote
pasture, can be detectedin like manner.
Not only are young chickens carried
away as delicate morsels, to be de-
youred along with eggs, by the young
in the nest, but the Crow will alight on
the back of alarge hen, peck out her
brain, strip off the skin and devour the
inside—entrails, etc. If driven away
he will return to his repast, and finally
consume the whole.
The terrapin or box-turtle, strictly a
dry-land reptile and very common in
the state of Maryland and southward,
is a very useful insectiverous feeder.
This delicate piece of flesh the Crow
has learned to appreciate, and pecking
a hole in the back, cleans out the shell,
leaving not even the blood nor liga-
ments fastening the body to the neatly
closed house.
An item of mischief not commonly
known, is the feeding of this species on
the berries of poisonous vines and
shrubs in winter,—the poison ivy and
poison sumac for instance, thus dissem-
inating these noxious growths along the
fences and about the swamps and pas-
tures. This has been well brought out
by the Agricultural Department in its
late reports.
It is now time to inquire as to the
good to be set down to the Crow's
credit, over against all the above cate-
gory of evil-doing.
Beyond question the Crow is some-
what insectiverous. Visiting the newly
mown fields, while the hay is yet dry-
ing, they will give chase to the myriads
of grasshoppers abroad at such times,
and literally fill themselves. They also
hunt the ground where hay and straw-
stacks have been removed, and where
THE OOLOGIST.
the muck worm (Lachnosloma fusea)
eventuating in the well known June:
bug, and very destructive to the roots.
of certain garden and fruit products, is
abundant. These they capture with
great relish, also following the plow
which turns these grubs up in rich,
ground. A certain proportion of bee-
tles are also found in his stomach.
Those who examine the Crows in
winter, cannot fail to be impressed with.
their scanty bill of fare. One finds cer-
tain poisonous seeds, as above noted, a.
few seeds of the, wild grape, refuse of,
street droppings, and frequently noth-.
ing atall. One is led to feel that the
winter is mainly a long fast, in which
the Crows which gyrate about the
fields and the ‘ pines, must draw upon
the flesh stored during the more pro-.
pitious part of the year.
We must not omit to give the Crow
his due as a carrion feeder, thus help-.
ing out the Turkey Buzzard in the
more southerly regions of our country.
Careful students will discover that it
is very difficult to make out a case in
our big blackbird’s favor. While we-
would not annihilate them, there can
be little doubt that we have very many
more of his kind than we need.
J. A. LANGILLE.
A Disastrous Season on Pelican Ieland.
It was with great pleasure that I read
Dr. Gibb’s excellent article regarding:
the Brown Pelican in Florida, and else-
where, with a description of a visit to
Pelican Island on indian River in the
March issue of OoLogist. I was so
much interested in the,subject in ques-
tion that I cannot-resist the temptation
of sending you a few notes on my visit
to the Island where I found things in a
peculiarly unsatisfactory state, to my-
self at least, for I had expected a fine
opportunity of studying their nesting:
habits, and I think that, may rightly
say that the birds themselves fully ap-
THE OOLOGIST. 149
preciated the situation, for several lo-
‘cal sailors informed me that the Peli-
cans had been very uneasy in their ac-
tions for a week or more previous to
my visit.
It seems to me tnat readers of the O6n-
-OGIST would derive much more benefit
from an able article regarding any spe-
‘cies if other observers in various local-
ities would add such points of peculiar
interest, in regard to the same species
as they may have observed, for publica-
tion ina near issue. In this way we
would havea condensed and compre-
hensive study of the rarer and more is-
olated species, which most of us are
not able to study for ourselves, while
our attention is still attracted to them
by the first article in a late issue.
‘Therefore I trust that Dr. Gibbs will
pardon this seeming trespass upon his
subject. I hope we may very soon see
the further notes on the same subject,
which he promised to furnish us ‘if re-
quested.”
In February 1885 our party of four
‘from Michigan, left Titusville in the
cruising yacht, the ‘‘Orient’’ and pro-
ceeded south on Indian River for sev-
eral days until we neared the locality
inhabited by the Pelicans. It was a
several hours run out to the Island,
and as the yacht approached from the
west, the birds on that side of the Is-
land became very uneasy and many
took flight, but as we neared shore in
our small boat, all on that side of the
Island rose. But we will proceed to
observe the very different cireum-
stances from those noted by Dr. Gibbs.
The water had risen several feet higher
than had been known for many years,a
short time before, and the nests on the
ground had been floated away and the
great White eggs, wagon-loads of them,
were strewn promiscuously over the en-
tire south half of the Island, in some
places being left in wind-rows, as it
were, by the receding water. All were
spoiled. -Oh! how the collector might
wish them in sets and distributed among
the cabinets of the land where they
would be of some use. We see, then,
that at least for once the collector is
not the worst enemy of their} nests on
Indian River. The only occupied nests,
which at this time contained young,
were in the stunted Mangroves at the
North end of the Island
These )oung were truly loathsome in
their appearance, as awkard as squabs
hissing and tumbling about on the
rude platforms of sticks and weeds,and
surrounded with dung and fishes in va-
rious stages of decomposition, from
which a fearful stench arose. Most of
the adults were rather shy but those
having young perched upon the dead
Mangrove stubs and allowed an ap-
proach, at times, to within thirty feet
or even less.
As we left the Island we noticed a
fine specimen of this species floating
listlessly upon the water apparently
sick, though still sitting erect. We ap-
proached easily capturing it, and found
that it had captured and stored in its
pouch a salt-water Cat-fish weighing
about two pounds. The fish, probably
accidently in struggling, had thrust its
so-called horns, on either side of the
body, through the skin on both sides of
the pouch.and there the poor bird was
with the obnoxious fish -permanently
lodged in its throat. With some diffi-
culty he was removed, but I fear the
bird would not recover from its weak-
ness. Thus we see that Nature affords
revenge at times to even her lowest
creatures.
At Lake Worth, another lagoon on
the Atlantic coast, ten miles south of
Jupiter Inlet, the southern terminus of
Indian River, it was a very common
sight to see thirty or forty Pelicans sit-
ting on a sand-bar,pruning their feath-
ers, from which company members
would occasionally leave on a fishing ex-
pedition near by. They would first fiy
high above the water and upon locating
150
a school of fish would turn back soaring
alony about three feet above the sur-
face, then suddenly throwing their
wings back, would pitch head foremost
into the water, as does the Belted King-
fisher, becoming entirely submerged.
If the fish was a rather large one it
would be brought to the surface and
stored in the eapacious pouch while
the bird rested on the water as would
a duck or goose.
I was informed that there was no
rookery of these birds at Lake Worth,
those found there must have come
either from the Indian River colony,
a great distance north, or from colonies
which I understand inhabit various of
the Florida Keys. In either case long
distances must have been traversed.
L. WHIrney WATKINS,
Mauchester, Mich.
><
Remarkable Tenacity of Life.
The following item of odlogy may or
‘may not be useful or interesting to
somebody, but tome it seems worthy of
mention.
A pair of domestic Pigeon’s eggs,
which it was supposed had been aban-
doned, and which were deemed to be
bad, were taken from the nest and one
of the eggs was thrown upon the ground
with considerable foree. The shell
burst open, and there bleeding and
struggling was the embryonic inhabi-
tant with head in the shell, and the end
part entirely exposed. The tirst im-
pulse was to destroy the young pigeon,
but upon second thought the broken
shell was tenderly picked up, and re-
placed together with the good egg in
the nest. This was on the 4th of March
1894. ‘Today, March 17th that nest con-
tains two bouncing, and apparently en-
tirely sound, young pigeons., This egg
was not simply drapped—it was thrown
with force upon the ground.
Henry Knaus,
Chicago, Ilinois.
THE OOLCGIST.
Notes From the Midwinter Fair.
As the western readers of the OdLo-
GIST enjoyed the interesting descrip-
tions of the World’s Fair which appear-
ed in its columns, [ thought perhaps a
few words concerning our Midwinter
Exposition might interest our eastern
friends and I have decided to teil them
in a general way about it.
First,let me say we havea great Fair;
not as Jarge as Chicago’s, but one in
which a person can easily spend a week
or longer according to his method of
sight-seeing. It is a Fair which can be
comprehended and therefore apprecia-
ted. In less than six months from the
time the idea of holding a Fair was de-’
cided upon, a hundred beautiful build-
ings had been erected and the Fair
opened to the throng of eager visitors.
Probably California is the only state
in which a ‘‘Midwinter” Fair could be
successfully held, because of its equable
climate. During this month, February,
all about the grounds flowers are bloom-
ing and tropical palms are waving in
the balmy breeze. The Fair has been
arranged with an eye to the picturesque,
and this makes a walk through the
grounds a continual pleasure. The
Grand Court is adorned with a lofty
electric tower and an electric fountain
of beautiful design and finish. About
the Grand Court are the main ouild-
ings; the Art Palace, Administration,
Horticultural, Manufactures and Liber-
al Arts, and Machinery.
All the main buildings and conees-
sions are finished in attractive colors
that catch the eye. Many of the con-
cessions that appeared at Chicago have
been reproduced here. We have no
Midway Plaisance, but the shows which
constituted that interesting part of the
Fair, are seattered throughout the
erounds. A Firth Wheel, correspond-
ing to the Ferris Wheel, is one of the
most striking objects on the grounds.
But we have one concession that is
THE OOLOGIST.
strictly western. This is the ’49 Mining
Camp and a most interesting exhiLit it
is too: one representing early days. As
we walk along one of the main streets,
a novel sign on the side points out the
way to the Mining Camp. A walk over
a picturesque trail through a grove of
pines leads us to the entrance of the -
Camp. We pay our quarter and enter
the main street, which is lined on both
sides with genuine miners’ cabius,
brought from the mountains. These
all contain relics of the ‘‘days of old,
the days of gold and the days of 749.”
A familiar mule train slowly winds its
way along the street at intervals, and is
in turn followed by the rumbling stage.
The cabins are too numerous to men-
tion. One bears a sign informing us
that ‘‘Keno” is played within. Another
is the office of the ‘‘Pepper Box’’ which
is supposed to disseminate the news
amongst the inhabitants of the camp.
Then again comes the stage office from
whence departs the stage for such noted
places as Bad Man’s Gulch, Red Dog,
Yankee Jims, Shirt-tail Canon and
other places of equally euphonious
names.
At the head of the main street is an
immense painting representing Mount
Shasta, and it is apparently a mile
away, and is as clever an illus on as I
have seen.
As one approaches the grounds he is
confronted by the massive Firth wheel,
which towers above the surrounding
buildings majestically. From every
spire and turret floats.a streamer of
brilliant hue or else the Stars and
Stripes. Upon entering the grounds it
is difficult to decide where we shall be-
gin our sight-seeing. Close at hand are
the Colorado Gold Mine, in which the
complete process of mining is shown,
the Mirror Maze, Dante’s Inferno, the
most hideous portion of which is doubt-
less the building wnich is modelled af-
ter a dragon, for I am informed the in-
terior is a‘‘fake;”’the Hawaiian Voleano,
heya
which is very instructive and realistic,
with its lakes of Java, and numerous
other attractions. Possibly one of the
most interesting concessions is the
Scenic Railroad, which everyone is
tempted to try once at least. It is no
uncommon sight to see a dusty granger
occupying the front seat, his teeth set,
as the train rushes down the steep
gerade, his long locks floating in the
breeze.
In other parts of the Fair Grounds
are the Indian and’ Arizona Villages,
Boon’s Arena of Wild Animals, Col.
Hatford’s Arizona Museum and a seore
of other private concessions. It was.
my fortune or rather misfortune to vis-
it the Arizona Museum, which is adver-
tised to coutain matchless collections
of birds, and stuffed animals. There
are hundreds of specimens that the ver-
iest amateur would be ashamed to own.
No pretense is made to place the birds
in a life-like attitude, but half-stuffed
they are nailed through the back onto
the wall. A ‘Gila monster” was _ for-
merly kept on the outside and the show-
man never tired of extolling its poison-
ous propensities, but it has since shuf-
fled off this mortal coil, and left Col.
Hafford to his grief.
The private concessions are of course
a secondary matter to the sight-seers,
and the five main buildings afferd
sights for many day‘s study. In the
Fine Arts Building isa collection of rare
works of art. many of which are from
the brushes of western artists. The
Mechanies Arts Building is filled with,
mechanical contrivances, various exhi-
bits, and an extensive display of Cali-
fornia and Pacific ‘Coast ores. Here
the Midwinter Fair souvenirs are coined
before the visitor’s eyes. he Horti-
cultural Building is filled with a most
interesting exhibit of California pro-
duets, while the Manufactures and Lib-
eral Arts building contains the govern-
ment, Wells Fargo & Co’s. as well as
many other valuable exhibits, besides a
152 Tal. OOLOGIST.
vast amount of manufactured products.
In the centre of the Grand Court are
the Electric Fountain and Electric Tow-
er, both of which lend dazzling bril-
lianey to the Grand Court and the
grounds at night.
A number of the counties of the State
have erected handsome buildings in
which to display their products, and
these are a source of great interest to
Eastern visitors. The products exhibi-
ted are typical of the various sections
from which they come. Santa Clara
County’s prune horse and rider which
attracted so much attention at Chicago
has been reproduced and each county
has some piece composed of its pro-
ducts. Visitors will do well to not ov-
er look the County exhibits,and all who
have a taste for our delightful hobby of
ornithology will, as one ornithologist
expressed it ‘“‘head straight for the Ala-
meda Co. Building as soon as they get
inside the gates.” In this building in
an alcove just above the entrance, up-
stairs, will be found the exhibit which
was prepared by Californian Ornitholo-
gists, a full account of which will con-
stitute my next rambling letter.
GOLDEN WEST
Accidental Death of Birds.
I notice in the OdLOGIsT an article on
the accidental death of birds which re-
calls to my mind an incident that oc-
curred at Metamore, Ill. in my boyhood
days in which five large Mallard Ducks
lost their lives from pure accident. It
was late in the Fall when a wire had
been run across the street perhaps 50 or
60 feet high on which to hang the Amer-
ican Flag during the day. There was
a tall flag pole on the square also on the
top of which was a large loop of wire.
The night was dark andthe wind blew
fearfully during a portion of the time
and it was during that period of year
when the Ducks were flying plentifully.
‘The wire was not far from my father’s
office and when I went out in the morn-
ing I found four dead Ducks in. the
road not far from the wive with unmis-
takable evidences upon their bodies as
to the cause of their death. They had
flown or been blown inthe darkness of
the night against the outstretched wire
and killed. On looking up at the pole
I saw another dead one hanging with
his neck and head entangled in the loop
of wire at the top. He had evidently
been killed in the same way.
C. LEONARD WHIiTEMIRE, (Rush ’85)
Waverly, Ia.
eo
Western New York Naturalists’ Association.
The semi-annual meeting of the West-
ern New York Naturalists’ Association
was held at Rochester, Mareh 17th in
the rooms of the Young Men’s Christ-
ian Association. Two seessions were
held.
The first session was held for the
transaction of business. E. J. Botsford
was elected to fill the vacaney in the
executive board caused by the resigna-
tion of KE. B. Peck. ’ Three new mem-
bers were voted into the association
and designs were accepted for the offi-
cial seal and badge of the organization.
A petition was prepared asking the
Legislature to offer a bounty -for the
killing of English Sparrows.
At the second session the exhibit of
Indian relics made by L. V. Case, of
birds eggs, by B. 8S. Bowdish, and of
eggs, shells and corals by E. H. Short
were examined and discussed.
The Naturalists’ Association was or-
ganized in September, 1892, and since
that time has been steadily growing.
The Jast meeting was well attended,
representatives being present from all
portions of Western New York. ‘The ~
Ed. of the Oé6LoGist had anticipated
much pleasure in meeting with ‘‘the
boys”’ but unexpected business engage-
ments prevented.
THE OOLOGIST.
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers.
4 ALBION, N. Y.
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158)
During 1894, as in 1898, the Publish-
ers of the O6LOGIsT will distribute over
$300 worth of desirable prizes among
the patrons, contributors and readers,
Particulars in full
next month. a
Messrs. Frederick Warne & Co.,'New
York, will immediately; commence the
publication of the “Library of Natural
History,” the first installments of which
will compose The Royal Natural His-
tory, to be? edited by Mr. Richard
Dy dékikery Bayan iGe Sei ZnS) who;
is already well knowu to naturalists as.
an able scientist and the author of sey-
eral works om Mammiais, ete. This will
form; when complete, an entirely new
General Natural History, thoroughly
abreast of the age; full, accurate and
readable, anecdotic, and conveniently
arranged. It will contain some 1,600
illustrations by the most eminent
draughtsmen of the day, and a series of
72 magnificent colored plates. This
work will occupy 86 mouthly numbers,
and willibe sold at 60 cents a number.
Full details will be contained in an
illustrated prospectus now in hand.
We are indebted to Messrs J. Parker
Norris and J. Parker Norris Jr., of
Philadelphia, for a catalogue of their’
Oological Collection. It has twice been
the privilege of the Editor to ‘go
through” and ‘feast his eyes” on this
wonderful collection and he has lone
intended and still intends to “some.
time” have more to say in relation to it.
For the present, however, the following
taken from the preface of the catalogue
must suffice: ‘‘This collection at the
present date—January 1, 1894—consists
of 573 species, 5002 sets and 20,388 eggs.
It was the desire of its owners to pro-
cure full and complete series rather
than to obtain new species, hence the
large number of sets in proportion to
the number, of species. It is especially
strong in series of Warblers, Hawks,
and Owls, to which particular attention
is invited. No effort has been made to
obtain the eggs of the Water Birds as
it is practically impossible to secure a
good representation of them. Ride-
way’s Nomenclature has been retained
as far as possible, as the collection was
already numbered and arranged in ac-
cordance with it long before the A. Q.
U. Nomenclature was published.”
154
FEBRUARY CONTEST.
Seventy-four Judges.
Prize;winners and credits received by
eah were as follows:
1. Some Winter Bird Notes, 321
2. George Newbold Lawrence, 193.
3. The Spring and Summer Birds of
‘Central Park, New York, 177
4. A Letter from John B. Hindtime,
140.
5. Watching Flickers, 127.
6. Great Horned Owl, 74.
Many of the Judges were at loss to
know as to whether the biographical
sketch of Mr. Lawrence or the letter
from John B. Hindtime were in the
eontest or not, and asa result only 45
gave the former article votes and only
44 the latter, hence the number of cred-
its received for these articles was indeed
flattering, considering that two-filths
of the Judges did not consider them in
the contest and gave them no credits.
The sketch showld nof and the letter
should have been considered in the
competition, but inasmuch as we failed
to make the announcement at the time
the articles were printed—we settled
the question as follows: In awarding
Mss. prizes the sketch was rejected, but
in awarding the Judges it was allowed,
and the prize-takers were the ones who
voted for the first five of the articles
mentioned.
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No. 51—Cyrus Crosby, Crosby,N.
NG gh aly Bs Gy Wy 45
2, No. 7—John Howe Slater, Web-
tter, Mass., 1, 3, 2, 4, 9.
3. No. 44—Raymond C.Osburn, Van-
atta, O., 1, 3, 2, 5, 4.
4. No. 18—Ed.Doolittle, Painesville,
O., 1, 2, 5, 4, 3.
5. No. 8—Fred W. Parkhurst, Bath,
Is Way 1h By fy By 4
The following also named the first
five articles:
No. 10—J. F. Parkhurst, Ills.
No. 18—Harold Holland, Ills.
THE OOLOGIST.
No. 14-C. H. Dickinson. Minn. -
No. 23—W. G Coleman, Iowa.
No. 26—Jay G. Smith. N. Y.
No. 17—Otto Grady, Ky
No. 34—Erle Morton, Kans.
No. 36—Wm. A. Achilles, Tex.
No. 42—C. H. Finne, Ark.
No. 45—W. D. Waltman, Colo.
No. 47— Geo. W. Dixon. So. Dak.
No. 57—Carleton R. Ball, Ia.
No. 71—N. M. Moran, Calif.
All prizes were mailed on March ist.
MARCH CONTEST.
One Hundred Judges.
Prize winners and eredits received by
each were as follows:
1. Nesting Habits of the Brown Peli-
ean in Florida, 469.
2. Scenes from the Life of Alexan-
der Wilson, 284.
3. Evening Grosbeak, 231.
4. Maryland Birds that Interest the
Sportsman, 217.
5. My Friend, Hairy, 167.
The Judges prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No.6, Robt. Me Pherson, North
Adams, Mass., exact.
2. No.0, Otto Grady, Ludlow, Ky.,
exact.
3. Walton Mitchell, St. Paul, Minn.,
1, 2, 4, 8, 5.
4. Charles Meyers, Elmore, Ohio, 1,
2 4, 3, 5.
5. Leighton A. Hawley, New York
City, 1, 2: 4, 3, 5.
The following Judges also rendered
decisions identical to the ones winning
prizes 3, 4 and 5, and to each we award-
ed a copy of the Standard Catalogue.
No. 33, Erle Morton, Kans.
49, Tillman Bibbs, Tex.
57, ‘‘Collector” Jackson, Minn.
67, H. L. Heaton, Kans.
76, F. A. Colby, Neb.
90, Frank D. Weeks, Oregon.
98, Harvey Hoskins, Oregon.
Twenty-eight other Judges named
the prize winning articles.
All prizes were mailed on April 7th.
THE OOLOGIST. | 155
QUR ANNUAL “EASTER OFFER!
We quote the following Liberal Offers, which will hold good at our HEapQuar-
TERS, Albion, N. ¥., until May 1st and at our Western Branch, No. 3571
Cottage Grove Ave. , Chicago, Ills, until April 25th ONLY, on eggs
of the species mentioned.
Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added for postage and packing.
For $ 1.00 you can select Eggs to the amount of $ 1. eae
For 2.00
For 300 4 BG ss 8:60
For 5.00 os Ry als 11.25
For 10.00 “ A oe 25.00
For 25.00 or over, 10 per cent. discount from $10.00 rates
All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser Ss risk
by mail, our at or risk and purchaser’s expense by express.
A SECOND- -CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of a
rst-class one.
A POINTER—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap egg, not found in
their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times asmuch. Many wideawake col-
lectors will doubtless lay m a large supply for this purpose.
Make remittances in most convenient manner. Address,
F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, Neo.
OR, 3571 COTTAGE GROVE AVE., CHICAGO, ILLS.
On May ist we close our Chicago Branch and our ’94
«‘Raster” offer is made more in order to reduce our stock
@ there than for any other purpose. Hence in addition to
theabove discounts, we will include as a premium with all orders for eggs sent us AT CHICAGO, and
received by us there ON OR BEFORE APRIL 25th —not a single day later—additional eggs to the amount
10cts at full list prices, either of your or our seiection, for every dollar you may send us.
AMERICAN EGGS, SINGLES. uscvctnersition or Chicago.
Holbeell’s Grebe BOWING Give te eS SOP SnOwiyshleLOnveess ee ene ee ots)
Horned Grebe . coe BD) |) ENDNOTE co occe | cocenccar ne sec (oe | Reddish Meret: 2225 35
American Eared Grebe 15 | Manx Shearwater.............. 1 00 | Louisiana Heron ............... 12
St. Domingo Grebe............ 50 | Audubon’s Shearwater...... 150 | Livtle Blue Heron............ 212
Pied-billed Gr2be............... 10 | Fork-tailed Petrel -....-...-.- 22008 | GreenseHero nesses 12
Black-throated Loon........ SOM ueaGhyStRe bre lessees. eee 20 | B’K-crowned Night Heron. 12
TEER ON OTS UN ee ee a Pee 20) BOO DYi-ts=. oie os ES 175 | Y’w-crowned Night Heron 20
Large-billed Puffin..........._ 00 | Cormorant......................... BOR | een ps a ee eee 20
‘Cassin’s Auklet ..............1 50 | Farallone Cormorant......... 50) Clapper Rail 2s a Ie
Black Guillemot..... -.......... 25 | Brandt’s Cormorant......... 5 ay | Waliferbomiey Ieee 20
I RUE SY: A ee eae 20 | Baird’s Cormorant...... -.... 25 | Sora... OUT SUS ra esl
California Murre ............... 20 | American White Pelican... 35 | Corn Grakeu i lactam 20
Parasitic Jaeger .._........... 50 Califor nia Brown Pelican. 1 00 | Purple Gallinule............... 25
Long-tailed Jaeger. ........... 150 | Man-o’-war Bird.. 2 1008 | Mlorida Gallinule 2) 10
BBS GELWie Oye ese a ee 2) 40 | Red-preasted Merganser.. 50 | European Coot ........... ...... 15
Iceland Gull...... 1 25 | Hooded Merganser ieee. 200 | American Coot _............ 08
‘Great Black-backed Gull. 60 | Mallard ......00.000..-- . 20 | Wilson’s Phalarope........... 15
Western Gull._.......22..2....... SON PEVOrid aD UC kee ee ee 100 | American Avocet............... 50
teenies Gaull eee PaO) | AGN e hy 2 0 ee ce eee ceeesocoaeenece 75 | Black-necked Stilt ............ 50
American Herring Gull... 20 | European T. a1 20 | European Woodcock......... Ly
‘California Gull...--........... 30 | Blue-winged Teal .............. 20 | European Snipe
Ring pilledeGullee ee OE Shovelleriescss.5 day eI 50 | Wilson’s Snipe........
Mawehines Gulla 20 | Scaup Duck... = 4b | Western Willet.. 2:22 =
nica aye bas) (Cpnyb see ees 35 | Barrow’s Golden- -eye.. ieee Se) 100 | Bartramian Sandpiper...... 35
Caspian Rerntses see 50 | Harlequin Duck......2....... . 150 | Spotted Sandpiper............ 15
TRYON/EN UG NEr ie ahaa ee yee ee eae 40 | White-fronted Goose......... 1007) | 2Goldentelover== se 40
CahbotisiMernte eevee 40 | Whooping Swan................. TEHO | SST eCT ee ieee eR 20
MOLSteTSEerne. nese ee 10 | Whistling Swan...-............. 250 | Wilson’s Plover ...... MER OTS
Common Tern 2) 08 | White-faced Glossy Ibis ... 1 00 | Bob-white....... _-.0...02022.... 10
INOS Geren she ee 10M | PVVOOCLIbiS= =e aia 100 | Florida Bob-white ............ 15
Roseate Tern....... .-.......-... 15 | American Bittern............... 7% | Texan Bob-white .............. 10
STM OAS Gee eM cuit 08 | Least Bittern....................- 20 | Mountain Partridge........... vi)
Sootye ern) ee 25 | Great Blue Heron.............. 25 | California Partridge......... 10
sw KSel UNEva oe 1 00 | American Egret................. 30: | Valley Partridge..-:.-:........ 20
Our otock is very low on many species named onthis page. Hence,
ALWAYS namea few extras thatwecan send as substitutes in case we
are out of the species ordered. Addressall orders to
F. nl. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Care low Na en: Chicago,
156 :
Sooty Grouse............#42—
Ruffed Grouse: ...--..2 eer
Willow Ptarmigan...v...-..
Rock Ptarmigan
1a ey B Ke 2 ngs do aa eee
00
Sage Grouse...........- : eT 50
Chachalacaies eee eee
Red-billed Pigeon.............. 1
W hite-crow ned Pigeon end 1 00
Mourning Dove .- 03
W hite-fronted Doye.. 35
White-winged Dove 2
Ground Dove OU espana ge atte 30
Mexican Ground Dove ee 50
WilawASaY Tele yikes ee oa aks occa ) Bh
Cooper's Hawi Se fe
(Vari ssi Ofwi kinase acerca
European Buzzard ............ 40
Red-tailed Hawkk..............- 50
Western Red-tail.._..........-. 60
Red-shou!dered Hawk ...... 35
Fla. Red-sh'ld’d Hawk...... 65
White-tailed Hawk ..........- 1 2d
Swainson’s Hawk ............. 50
Broad-winged Hawk:......... 1 00
Gray Sea Hagie ............... 2 00
Guy Lalo Meee eee eee 6 00
IDOWON Tete lic ee oe et aneaseee 3 00
PRESTO ee Peer lye ays | al38 20
American Sparrow Hawk. 20
Desert Sparrow Hawk...... 25
Audubon’s Caracara -........ 1 00
American Osprevy..---.--------- 50
American Barn Owl.. 20
35
Americat Longe -eared ‘Owl
Short-eared Owl :
Barred Owl......-..-..- ces
Screech Owl
Florida-Screech Owl
.. Mexan Screech/Owl®......- b
' California Scrééch Owl. eo 50
Great Horned Owl =... ek 010)
Western Horned Owl ........ 1 00
Ta will © Wil see ee ere eee 1 00
Burrowing Owl....2---2.0.2.-.- 15
Florida Burrowing Owl-.... 1 50
en OW eee ee 1 50
NESARA Nea he Pitereres Dae alti 1 00
Beeue: Milled AMI es 1 00
Road-runner pacers ONY
Yellow-billed Guckooll ba elo)
California Cuckoo.....//...:... 20
Black-billed Cuckoo.. Dane na alley
Belted Kingfisher 2.:......... 20
Hairy Woodpecker bE Srey 50
SouthernHairy “ -..2...2.::. 1 00
Downy Woodpecker ........ 20
Red-cockaded Woodpecker 1 50
Baird’s Woodpecker ......... 1 06
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. 50
Pileated Woodpecker........ 1.00
Red-headed Woodpecker... 08
Californian Woodpecker.... 40
Lewis’s Woodpeckevr......... 35
Red-bellied Woodpecker..
Golden-fr’ted Woodpecker
Cer 8 oS Ee ae 03
Red-shafted Flicker......:.. i 10
Northwestern Flicker........ 25
Merrill’s Parauque......... seh i)
IN Aled ay A MEN Aes Geese oeeesecee scence
Western Nighthawk
Florida Nighthawk .........
Texan Nighthawk..............
Ghimney Switt.......:-...-2....
Ruby-throated Hummer... 50
Black-chinned Hummer 50
Costa’s Hummingbird...... ep RCD
Anna’s Hummingbird....... 50
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10
kG ake OU RGLs a Sane ee nee eS 03
Arkansas Kingbird... Sr 10)5)
Cassin’s Kingbird .............. 25
Crested Flycatcher... Poe ogee 12
Mexican Cr’ted Flycatcher 40
Ash-throated Flycatcher... 25
20) Western Wood Pewee.
75} Acadian Flycatcher..
00} Little Flycatcher
“| Blue Jay.
/ Gambel’s Sparrow
-Florida Grackle...-.
THE OOLOGIST.
85 ! Phoebe. pee hoe Nae ee SR eee LES oe a
15-. Say’s Phoebe........ wee
00; Black Phoebe.......
Wood Pewee............--.-
Western Flycatcher.
Draill’s Mlycatcher.....---.-
east HiveCatcher.---25 2 .e.
Prairie Horned Lark
Desert Horned Lark....
Ruddy Horned Lark.........
American Mag pie........-..-...
Yellow-billed Magpie. .......
Florida Blue Jay.
Blue-fronted Jay
AOR Glan Cro Wee ee
Fish Crow
Bobolink
Western Bobolink.._...... ...
Cowbird .
Dwarf Cowbird..
Red-eyed Cowbird.. a
Yellow-headed Blackbird.
Red-winged Blackbird
Bicolored Blackbird......-....
Tricolored Blackbird...... -.
Waleveyolonyilewelic
Western Meadowlark ._..
HoOodediOriole =
Arizona Hooded Oriole......
i OrxchardkOrniOle see =). :
50 |. Baltimore Oriole....
BullockessOnioles
Brewer’s Blackbird
Purple Grackle .......
Bronzed Grackle :....
Great-tailed Grackle..
Boat-tailed Grackle
Pine Grosbeak
Purple Finch
House Fineh..--....... see
IReG WOM eee ee
‘American Goldfinch..........
Western Goldfinch.......__...
Arkansas Goldfinch..........
Lawrence’s Goldfinch
Lapland Longspur ...........
McCown’s Longspur.........
Vesper S ar ROW ewe eee
Western Vesper Sparrow.
Savanna Sparrow..-.......-:
Grasshopper Sparrow
W. Grasshopper Sparrow.
Sharp-tailed Sparrow .......
WankeS parr Owe ee
Western Lark Sparrow...
White-throated Sparrow...
West’n Chipping Sparrow
HMield Sparrows ees eee
Western Field Sparrow..
Slate-colored Junco ........ a
Black-throated Sparrow..
Song Sparrow..
Heermann’s SongSparrow
Samuel’s Song Sparrow...
Rusty Song Sparrow ee
Swamp Sparrow
Texas Sparrow.......
TOWNCO sees wae
Spurred Townee
Oregon Towhee
California 'Towhee...........
JADELL'S TOWHEE 3... 26.5.
Cardinale. ke So eae
Gray-tailed Cardinal.........
Texan Cardinal
Rose- breasted Grosbeak.....
Black-headed Grosbeak.....
Blue Grosbeak .-
Indigo Bunn
Lazuli Bunting..............
Painted Bunting joy esk eget :
Sharpe’s Seed-eater..........
DickCiSsely ey se aaee =}
| Lark Bunting...... ._.
Scarlet Tanager...._...
Summer Tanager
LE TUN OMS) MING al a ee
Cliff Swallow...............
Rough-winged Swallow.....
Cedar Waxwing................
Phainopepla....4...-/-
Loggerhead Shr ike
White-rumped Shrike
California Shrike _........_.
Red-eyed Vireo............
Warbling Vireo
White-eyed Vireo
IBeLUShVineO:-2- 2 4. eee
Prothonotary ‘Warbler.
Worm-eating Warbler...
Blue-winged Warbler........
Golden-winged Warbler...
Lutescent Warbler
Parula Warbler =:
Yellow Warbler: 2s
Chestnut-sided Warbler...
B’kthroated Grn Warbler
Prairies Wiarblen.2) ee
Louisiana Water-Thrush..
Maryland Yellow-throat...
Western Yellow-throat _...
Yellow-breasted Chat...... 5
Long-tailed Chait.......-.......
Hooded Warbler
; American Redstart....___.
White Waetail —)-
Sao bhirashe rs eee ee
Wiloye|fabavedoubRel oe es -: pe
Cat bird Soe. Meee Oe aes zi
UBTOWwal hrasher gasses
Sennett’s Thrasher..__.__.__.
Curve-billed Thrasher ._._.
California Thrasher...........
Bendire’s Thrasher
Cactus Wren
IO CKAWINC Die ere
Carolina Wren
Bewick’s Wren....
Baird's Wren
House Wren
Western House Wren .......
Long-billed Marsh Wren...
W hite-breasted Nuthatch..
Brown-headed Nuthateh..
Tufted Titmouse... oe
Texan Tufted Titmouse...
Jann RibmMoOus Geen
Ghickadees.at- nee ee eee
Carolina Chickadee
Mountain Chickadee
Wirenstitets eer et nage
Bush Titi eee eee
Werehlas sg 5 cos
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.....
Wood ' Thrush .. of dip
Wilson’s Thrush. .
Russet-backed Thrush.. 5
Olive-backed Thrush......
Hermite hhrusheroenee aes
Red-winged Thrush..... .
American Robin..............
Western Robin
iWihtealbearsa eee renee
Bluebird .
Western Bluebird .
Mountain Bluebird .......
English Pheasant.........
European Goldfinch......
English Sparrow..........
European Tree Sparrow. .
MISCELLANEOUS.
THE OOLOGIST. 167
Hammerhead Shark ...... Crocodiles -areeeee eee 1 00
SoAlNESe Ss harkenecnere seen oe SOR IVir clea uns] e eeseene eee nee 10
05 | Egg case of Periwinkle... Ime MM wpe) 8 se 15
10 | Fossil Fish Eggs, per 12. 10,| Snapping Turtle................ 15
10) || AWbbieeniOIe. Gob soac odbauudesso 35 | Ostrich (Hole in end) ........ 1 50
Hummingbird nests 19 to 50c. each accordihg to condition and beauty.
FOREIGN BOOS SINGLE
All orders for the following Foreign Eggs
9 must be sent us at our Chicago Branch.
AMERICAN EGGS
Puffin, 1...
California Murre, 1 :
‘Great Black-backed Gull, 2-3
Ring-billed Gull, 3
Mew Gull, 2-3
‘Cabot’s Tern, 3
Forster’s Tern, 3
Common Tern, 3
Sooty Tern, 1
Bridled Tern 1
Noddy 1
Fulmar 1
Manx Shearwater 1
Audubon’s Shearwater 1
‘Stoimy Petrel 1
Leach’s Petrel 1
Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 1
Booby 1
Double crested Cormorant 4
American White Pelican 2-3
Man-o’-wal Bird 1
Wood Ibis 4
Least Bittern 4
Louisiana Heron 5
Little Blue Heron 45
‘Green Heron 5
Virginia Rail 8
‘Chachalaca 3
White-crowned Pigeon 2
‘Cooper’s Hawk 3-4
Harris’s Hawk 3
“4 5 Sheree
fi Red- tailed Hawk 4 :
|;Red-shonldered Hawk 2.°% =
‘Swainson’s Hawk 38- = sae ee
Broad-winged Hawk 3
American Osprey 3
Belted Kingfisher 7
Hairy Woodpecker 6
Ruvy-throated Hum’g bird n-2
Crested Flycatcher 4
Wood Pewee n-3
Prairie Horned Lark 2-4
Blue Jay 4-5
American Crow 5
Meadowlark 5
Western Meadowlark 5
Baltimore Oriole 5
Bronzed Grackle 5
House Finch 3
American Goldfinch n-5
Vesper Sparrow 4
Western Lark Sparrow
Field Sparrow 4
Song Sparrow 5
Swamp Sparrow 4
Towhee 3
Rose-breasted-Grosbeak 8
Lazuli Bunting 4
Sharpe’s Seed-eater n-3
Scarlet Tanager 4
Bank Swallow 4
Cedar Waxwing 4
Our stock is very low on many species named on this page.
ID BSS Ere IEC REM EC 53 Gooono ce a0 Calandra Wark ss) 400) |) obbys Merlin 52 .)h-1 20
Sparrow Hawk ..... ..... 20 | Short-toed Mark::.2..:2-.- 12 | Egyptian Vulture. . 1 50
Wilheshay Sienbeele sas on obe 25 |-Gt. Black Woodpecker .. %5]Carrion Crow...... ......: ie 20
Rontasue's S) leleneieie. geo Se Kis, 10) OKO GOYO) ve nowlomboo daneoooe oe 50 | Chiff Chaff . as a0
Swallow. . peace, OR | Crashes o een sod cae!) LO ISWOMKE CINE) donc uododc odor; 10
Nuthaten Eee eee ONCE LOW EX ULM CLIO reenter: ODnPRO Oe inei er rary ea svocas 10
AVEC Wieerer tee eiteccir cious 05 | Black-headed Bunting.... 10) Buif-backed Heron.:... .. 25
Fire-crested Wren............ 40] Willow Warbler .......... Os PBTACkKeStonicene tern erre cer (i)
Sedge Warbler ... ....... 05 | Robin . dnowc . O&qi Nilay) SOc s openweasoeG 1-50:
White-throat ............. 05 | Common Sandpiper... ste ue 15 | Quail:..... 10
‘Golden-crested Kinglet.. 15) (Commion Snipeseve ens amecol| ine @uzel. <7. Pisa eva MH OD
Whinchat.. LOs)) Wratber-Riciiiles eyo sree stelar SOs Gayaetal com yy eas et eee 6.00
W hite- spotted Blue-throat 75| White-fronted Goose...... 1 00 | Long-eared Owl... .-:... 35
PSG ATIUO MMOS errs sales iets ae 2B) | AW KOVop Walsall 55 nobanans oauelcec 1d | Pawny Owl 226.23: 50
Miissel, Thrush’. 2222.20 3: 05 | Sociable Plover... ..2. . 30) Litt’e Owl . 40
Ome UMOAbISN Recwasca canes. UB SehovelIMiebdnhale ce eQodomolss 5) OR) Redshanks .....:...... eee
TBileKeltdoriyshiG. BatawooN eer na de OSs RreciCreeperre. 4 meee es Od) | ES tock: Dovel siete tos. oie) ala.
IDOE bese koodseooneenade 5a KCapercariiley seems e cea 50 | Great-crested Grebe....... 50
ibredshUyicatChele.= ne «1. 15 | Pink-footed Goose ........ 1 00 | Chuckar Partridge........ eed)
Red-backed Shrike........ TD) } lRwbaver DVO ood” goo lbeeeooas 10} Griffon Vulture. .=..:.3...: 2 50
JES cclliba nan Ca noneneteer lance Z| DustleDOv, 222.2.2-.5 cs. 900} Arabian sViulture *.:-25--225 500
MIB OIC. cope, LoS he ee ae OS) Black Cape ates es leer 0D) PHILIPPINE EGGS.
PNACIKGAW iret tease coe sek eee Mey nGneee yy 4 Mn Goodbacs pasdoasc cc 20 | Black-headed Weaver-bird 50
Greenhnehaneen-ce ose Ost EBIMIe RR itheececnene ners ies 15 | ae SING (CLASSE ie ssh yale - 15
House Sparrow....-.-. .. 03] Marsh ‘Tit 20 Bul bul.: MW siaey tanr a ES ETERS
[ai plillshartel se noo peep poneese HOF MEGCine hich Cranes seria a ae and class.... ..... » 25
lesser Redpoll 2.20552... .: 20 | Barbary Partridge: Seu BMA coo adoe cousceo oso UO +2
White-winged Lark.....: -. 40| Red-lege Partridge:. | Comaaroste Oriole. Sia erat eat waicte a 1 00.
. : a $ .
in Sets with Data. For Sale at our oy duaqnanters: “Orders for’.
Ua rollouts Sets should be Sonu us at ATbjon,, N, Y., only.
White- rnmped. Shrike 6
Red-eyed Vireo ©
Warbling Viréo4* + -
Chestnut. sided Warbler 4
American Redstart 3-4
Brown Thrasher 4°
California Thrasher 3
House Wren 5
Long-billed Marsh wr end
Chickadee 9
Wood Thrush 4
FOREIGN EGGS.
Red-breasted Merganser 5-7
Widgeon 5-9
Scoter 5
Whooping Swan 3
Curlew 3-4
Golden Plover 4
Rock Ptarmigan 12
Gryfalcon 2-4
Duck Hawk 4
Kestrel 5
Numidian Crane 1
Cinereus Crane 1-2
Egyptian Vulture 2
Griffin Vulture 2
Quail 10
Red-legged Partricge 10
Orient Eagle 2
Rough-footed Eagle 2
Red Grouse 10
Hence,
ALWAYS namea fewextras that we can send as substitutes in case we
are out of the species ordered. Address all orders to
F.H. LATTIN & CO.,
Albion. N. Y.; 0
3571 Cottage Grove nee 55 Chicago.
= He
158 THE OOLOGIST.
AMERICAN EGGS toicwing sets ‘wi ve tied trom our Chicago Store only.
St Domingo Grebe 4
Pied-bill Grebe 6-7
Black-throat Loon 2
Puffin 1
Large-bill Puffin 1
Black Guillemot 2
Murre 1
Parasitic Jaeger 2
Iceland Gull 2
Gt. Blk. back Gull 2
Herring Gull 2-3
Amer. Herring Gull 3
Ring-bill Gull 3
Laughing Gull 2-3
Franklin’s Gull 3
Sooty Tern 1
Noddy .*' 1
Bridled ‘*. 1
Fulmar 1.
Manx Shearwater 1
Audubon’s Shearwater 1
Fork-tail Petrel 1
Leach’s Petre] 1
| Fla. Screech Owl 3
Texan Screech Owl 4
Calif. oa
‘Chachalaca 3
Red-bill Pigeon 1
White-crown Pigeon 2
Mourning Dove 2
Ground 4 2
Mex. Ground Dove 2
Yellow-billed Cuckoo 4
Black-billed uP 3-4
Belted Kingfisher 4-5-6
Merrill’s Paraque 2
Hairy Woodpecker 3
Downy or 4-5-6
Baird’s fs 4
Red-headed ‘‘ 4
California ‘ 3
Lewis’ se 6
Red-bellied ‘ 4
Golden fronted Woodpecker 4
; Golden-winged 4-5
| Gray-tail Cardinal z 4
Texan oy,
Spurred Towhee 5°
Oregon ~ 3-
California ‘‘ i 4
Abert’s a
Rose-breasted Groctean: 3-4
Blavk-headed “ 2-3
Blue ’ 2.
Indigo Bunuines 3
Lazuli
Sharpe’s Suedenten n-3
Pine Grosbeak (Eng). 3
House Finch 4
Red-poll 6
American Goldfinch 4- Ae e
Arkansas
Lapland Longspur 4- 5
McOCowns 4
Dickcissel 4
Cactus Wren 3
House ‘“ 6-7
White-breasted Nuthatch 6
Farralone Cormorant 4 Red-shafted it 4-5-6 | Chickadee 6
Brandt’s et 3 Northwestern Flicker 6-8 Russet-backed Thrush 3- 4
Am. White Pelican 2 Night Hawk 2 ; Vesper Sparrow 4
Man O’ War Bird 1 Texan “ 2 Grasshopper‘ 45
European Teal 4 Chimney Swift 3-4 | Lark oS a!
Blue-wing Teal 5-7 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 4 SS Seon
Barrows Golden-eye 12 Cassin’s Kingbird 5 West. Sony OS
Scoter Eup. 6 Mex. Crested Flycatcher 4-5 Field SBOE
White-faced Glossy Ibis 3 Phoebe 4-5 Song Soe A oy
Wood Ibis 4 _ Wood Pewee 2-3 Mt. Song co
Least Bittern 6 Western Flycatcher 4 leer en ‘3-4
Reddish Egret 4 Western Wood Pewee 3 Samls‘‘ ; 3-4
Little Blue Heron 3-4 Little Flycatcher ae 3 Rusty :‘ ERIN.
Green Heron 4-5 Traill’s a 2-3 Swamp tog C5)
B. C. Night Heron 4 Least a 3- 4 ‘Texas ot 4
Prairie Horned Lark 3-4
Fla. Blue Jay 3-4
Corn Crake 7
Amer. Coot 5-6
Purple Martin 4
Cliff Swallow F,
Eng. Snipe 4 Calif. Jay 2-3 Barney cs
Wilson Snipe 2-3 American Crow 3-4-6 Tree oe Fe 6
Spotted Sandpiper 4 Starling 4 Bank oo 4.5
Brewer’s Blackbird 4-5
Purple Grackle 3-5
Great-tailed Grackle 3-4
Bobolink 4
Western Bobolink 4-5
Red-winged Blackbird 4
Bi-colored fe 4
Tri-colered oe é
— ‘od
Wy % “age
~ c aa)
Z | “ey,
a aac oo a | OPAC CA ENE ER
ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1894.
ef
Regan emnaeese?
SoPRRsDEEe?
ee
e
%
e
%
( pS 5Oc. per Year. Nas
WHOLE No. 103.
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
‘‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and -‘Exchanges” only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
“T suppose itis hardly necessary for me to
Say that my ady. tn the OOLOGIST gave me more
applications than I could fill. Iam more than
pleased.” J. H. Bowles, Ponkapog, Mass.
TO EXCHANGE. Good $1 dark lantern and
Stanleys History of Birds. gilt. for a good 22 or
32 cal. rile. HENRY TOLMAN, Washington
St., Newton, Mass.
OPALS.—I am selling out cheap a small col-
lection of Gems. Will send, postpaid, Oval,
25c; Moonstone. 25c; Garnet, $1.50; Aquamar-
ine, $3. All choice, finely cut, and ready for set-
ting. EDWIN C. ATKINSON, 116 North 19th
St., Philadelphia.
WANTED.—Relics of the Mound-builders,
Aztecs, or other pre-historic American races.
Scientific publications, minerals or cash given.
FRANKLIN C. JOHNSON, Boonville, Oneida’
Co., N. Y.
WANTED—Adaress of every Ornithologist in
Iowa, in order to see if there are enough inter-
ested in the study in ourstate. to form an As-
sociation. DAVID L. SAVAGE., Salem, Henry
Co., Iowa.
NOTICE.—Will exchange Frank Wesson 22
cal, rifie, skeleton stock, 18 inch barrel for
either Coues’ Key. Ridgway’s Manual of North
American Birds or Nutall’s Ornithology in lat-
est edition. H. B. JOHNSON, Box 693 Orange,
Mass.
“My adv. inthe WantColumn has given me
much pleasure. Have obtained all but the
January number. Hardly expected to find the
numbersI did find. Your Want Column is
worth twice and three times what the contri-
butors pay forit. Paul VanderLike, St. Croix
Falls, Wise.
FOR SALE ata bargain.—Four good cCollec-
tions as follows: Oneof Shells valued at $25.
One of minerals. $15. One of fossils, $8. One of
Indian relics, $25. Will sell at about half price.
Parties meaning business are requested to
send stamp and mention which list you want.
GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D.
STAMPS.—Better quality, greater variety,
Packets. 25 varieties 10c: 50 varieties 20c; 200
assorted 15¢c; No.10 used and unused 25 varie-
ties 50c very fine; No. 50. 15 unused 25¢; ap-
proval sheets, net prices discount rates. some-
thing new. try one. HOWARD M. GILLET.
Lebanon Springs, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—Fine set Columbian issue
stamps to $1 inclusive, for best offer of eggs in
singles. WIULLI>M BAKER, Vancouver,
Wash., Care of J. W. PETRAN.
FOR SALE or Exchange.—Violin with case
and magic lantern with about 56 views, will ex-
change for bicycle pneumatic tire, typewriter,
printing press or offers. Address, JAS. E.
REICH, Salem, N.C.
BIRDS EGGS. Geodes. Minerals. Fossils.
Picture Cards, Books of Histories, Adventur-
ers, Novels. ete., forany kinds of Columbian.
1890 3cts and higher, old U. S., Confederate and
choice foreign stamps, curiosities. autographs.
and photographs of Great Men. ROBERT LL.
STEPHENS, Danville, Ills.
INDIAN RELICS from Chenango Co., N.Y.
A lot of these to exchange for rare U. S_ post-
age stamps, Will take old collections © ex-
amination. F.N, SILL, 199 Hamilton St., Al-
bany, N. Y.
IDAHO Cabinet Specimens.—Minerals, fos-
silized and native wood. Indian. relics, curios
deer antlers and many othe) articles that make
nice cabinet specimens. fo1 sale very cheap or
will ex. for merchandise. state what vou have.
W. F. STONE, Junction, Lemhi Co., Idaho.
THE followings in exchange for bird skins or
sets with data: Magic Lantern and 24 Slides,
throws 8 ft. view, 4x5 and 8x10 Waterbury
lenses; German Imperial accordeon and case
and new landing net. P.K. GILMAN, 170 9th
St., Oakland, Calif.
MINERALS.—Will exchange Free Gold and
Silver Iron pyrites. Copper, Nickle, Galena
erystals. amethyst. calcite, spar, apatite and
many others for any other mineral. Good
showy specimens. S. G. FOGG, Box 55, Rat
Portage, Ontario.
162
WANTED.—Tarantulas in alcohol and com-
mon western eggs in sets for OOLOGISTS of 1890,
1891. 1892, 1893 in good condition. WALTER C.
METZ. 20 N. First St., Newark, Ohio.
“WANTED.—22 cal. collecting gun for use
with shot cartridges. Newor 2nd hand, good
condition. Easily taken apart. Give price.
R. P. CURRIE, Care Executive Committee on
Awards, Pacific Building, Washington, D. C.
A FINE Collection of Showy minerals, also
Indian arrow heads and curiosities to exchange
for good stamps ora camera. The above val-
ued at $40 to be sold cheap or for exchange. A.
R.. 15 Pearl St., St. Johnsbury, Vt.
I HAVE a fine collection of eggs.175 varieties,
mostly Fla. Eggs. which I will sell at one-third
catalogue rates, also haye eggs to exchange.
All letters answered. BRYAN M. GRANT,
Tallahassee, Fla.
It gives me great pleasure to be able to say
that the OOLOGIST as an advertising medium,
in its special branch. is absolutely unrivalled.
Having received answers from all parts of the
U.S.. Canada and Mexico, adding many desir-
able specimens to my collections. S. Van Rens-
selaer, Jr.. 29 Broadway, N. Y. Clty.
FOR SALE or Exchange.—18 No’s Auk, 6
vols of O. and O.. 3 vols of Outing. 2 vols. of Gt.
Divide, 55 No’s of OoLOGIST and 140 other books
aud papers on O. and O. Also22 cal, Smith &
Wesson and.44 cal. d-suble action Frontier re-
volver and Skulls of Fox, Skunk, Raccoon and
Cat. H.C. CAMPBELL, Lansingburgh, Rens.
Co., N. Y.
Enclosed is 1.00 and copy of another exchange
notice for May OoLoGisT. There’s a good old
saying that ‘the proof of the pudding is in the
eating.’’ and you Can judge for yourself. by the
number of exchange notices I send for your
paper, as to what returns I get from them.
Geo. W. Dixon, Watertown, S. D.
TIN QUARTZ. ‘Fine Cabinet Specimens”
by mail 25c. Also Bad Land specimens cheap.
JOHN CASHNER, City Treasurer, Spearfish,
So. Dak. Always mention the OOLOGIST.
TO EXCHANGE.—Fine Southern California
sets and skins with full data, for first-class
skins from the Eastern States. JOE GRIN-
NELL, Pasadena, Cal.
PHILATELISTS.—I have about 5000 stamps
to exchange for specimens in any department
of Natural Science. J. A. CORCORAN, 155
Cowan Ave., Toronto, Ont.
Icondsider the OOLOGIST unsurpassed by
any Naturalist’s Magazine as an advertise-
ing medium. From one notice inserted in its
columns I received over 175 replies. C. M. Hat-
field, Los Angeles, Calif.
100 Foreign Stamps, all different. for every 20
ditferent U.S. stamps sent me. Manton’s Tax-
idermy for best offer Columbian stamps. F, A.
GREGORY, 1234 N. Court St., Rockford, Tll.
FOR SALE.—Beautiful ore specimens from
the mines for 35 cts., large ones 50 Cts. Post-
paid. Reductions on large orders. Write
quick. Address, MRS. T. P. CHASE, Lock
Box 146, Socorro, New Mexico.
TO EXCHANGE.—I have a $25 Stainer viol-
in in good condition, for best offer in eggs or
oological instruments, or for a clarinet, Also
Bb cornet, value #35 for best offer. All ietters
answered. GUY E. GLENN, Glencoe, Neb.
THE OOLOGIST.
FOR SALE.- A good magic lantern with 11
slides for $3. or will exchange. HENRY TOL-
MAN, JR., Washington St., Newton, Mass.
TO EXCHANGE.—Bb Cornet, Century Mag-
azine, Columbian Stamps, sets and singles for
sets, live birds and works on Ornithology and
Oology, ROBERT TOMLINSON, Alden, Iowa,
FOR EXCHANGE.—Flobert Rifle, 22 cal.,
Remington action, walnut checked, Pistol Grip
stock, weight 64 lbs., Accurate Shooter, Nearly
New, Cost $5. Will exchange for U. S. coins.
Make offers. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth,
Medina Co., Ohio.*
TO EXCHANGE.—Bb Cornet, Century Mag-
azines, Columbian Stamps, sets and singles;
for Sets, live birds and works on Ornithology
ad Oology. ROBERT TOMLINSON, Alden,
owa.
TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of three spike deer
horns unmounted, for Davie’s ‘‘Nests and
Eggs’ in perfect condition. J. R. KELLER,
112 W. Main St., Batavia, N. Y.
‘“‘Thave had quite a shower of ans. to the
March number. More than any other Mag. or
Journal.” John Cashner, City Treas., Spear-
fish, So. Dak.
CAMERA and single barrel shot gun choap.
Coins, books, fountain pen and magic lantern
will exchange for botanical literature or spec-
imens. Pressed plants exchanged. H. P,
CHANDLER, Beaver Dam., Wis. .
FOR SALE or Trade.—One Edwin Ladmore
double barrel shot gun, No. 12 gauge, perfect
order, cost nearly $200, sell cheap or trade, One
34 size 4 string double bass, cost $438. $25 will
take it. I want Bb Cornet (silver). JULIUS
GILBERT, Parker, So. Dak.
' FOR SALE.—No. 1 Kodak, cost $25 in per-
fect condition with sole-leather carrying ease,
410, castings and fittings complete for 1-10 H. P.
electric motor, $3 Remington 22 val. rifle, $3.
Five drawer egg cabinet, #2. Live chameleons,
expressage prepaid. two dozen for $1. A. B.
BLAKEMORE, 280 St. Andrew St., New Or-
leans, La.
J WILL give $10 worth of Ist class birds eggs
for a copy of Coues’ Key in A 1 condition. W.
H. DEADERICK, Clarksville, Tenn.
WANTED.—Live birds and animals, will pay
cash or give in exchange stam0s or Indian Rel-
ics. BLENN R. BALES, Circleville, Ohio.
I WILL Pay cash for a few sets of desirable
eggs if very cheap. Tbose having eggs for sale
send list. Some commoneggs also wanted.
CHAS. L. BARTLETT, Clayton, Ills.
Have received one hundred answers from my
exchange notice alreavy. Your paper is a fine
advertising medium. Guy Conley, Austin. Tex.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Smith & Wesson, safety
hammerless revolver (new); Fine Violin outfit:
many Scientific Books. Wanted, Rifie and
Colt's frontier double action revolver. MAR-
CUS S. FARR, University of Chicago, Chicago,
Tllinois.
WANTED.—To correspond with collectors
who can furnish live Canada Grouse or Pas-
senger Pigeons during the coming spring and
summer. Parties who can furnish the same
address, B. BUCKENHAM,
Phila., Pa.
Chestnut Hill,
THE OOLOGIST.
I SEND postpaid twelve 5c specimens, fos-
sils, minerals, curios from all parts U. S. with
full description of each for 25c. GORDON L.
ELLIOTT, Allison, Ia.
INDIAN RELICS and old almanacs in ex-
change for eggs in sets or singles also eggs
from other localities in exchange for eggs from
this locality, GEO. A. SMITH, Oakfield, Gen-
esee Co., N. Y.
I have received over one hundred replies to
my adv. in March No. of the OOLoaIst. It is
worth 10 times its cost to any one. WILL D.
LORD, Burlington, Mich.
IOWA Ornithologists who are interested in
forming an Iowa Association of Ornithologists
please Communicate with DAVID L. SAVAGE,
Salem, Iowa or ERNEST IRONS, Council
Bluffs, Ia.
WANTED.—Specimens of Wood, Orange,
Lemon, Camphor. Sandal, Olive, Rose, Citron
or any native southern or foreign wood. Will
exchange Indian relics for above. CHARLIE
P. HAZLEHURST, Brantford, Ont.
WESTERN Bird Skins.—Choice Minn., Colo.
and Pacific coast Species. Also 4x5 detective
camera. will exchange for photographic sup-
plies, 32S. & W. double action or hammerless
with reloading set, or good 12 ga. shot gun that
‘are in fine condition only. no worn out guns
wanted at any price. Views on Natural His-
tory subjects for same. GEO: G. CANTWELL,
Puyallup, Wash.
THE TARANTULA or trap door spider’s
nest is perhaps the most curious as well as the
most wonderful piece of insect work known.
The nest is closed with a water tight trap door
having an elastic hinge. The iuside of the
door. aS well as the tube itself is beautifully
lined with a silken web. It is a valuable cu-
riosity, and a great addition to any cabinet, and
will be sent postpaid to any address on receipt
of only 25c. Agents wanted. Address, C. M.
HATFIELD, Los Angeles. Calif.
FOR SALE or Exchange.—Birds Eggs. from
here. Very fine specimens of pure White
Quartz @ 5-10-25 and 50 cts., a few colored spec-
imensat same prices. One very large hand-
some pink and white striped Feldspar or
Quartz stone $2.50. Want other fine showy
Minerals. Petritied Woods and good Indian Rel-
ics. Also one new copy each of Coues’ Key of
N. A. Birds and Maynarda’s Eggs of N. A. Birds.
Parties asking questions please send stamp for
reply. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D.
U.S. STAMPS wanted in ex. for following:
Davie’s Nest and Eggs of N. Am. Birds, cloth
pound. new; Scott’s complete works, 12 vol.,
paver bound; one doz. Monroe Ink Erasers.
HENRY A. LAFLER, Albion, N. Y.
A SERIES of Cala. Murre Eggs is what you
want. They show wonderful variation in color
and marking and catch the eye. We can fur-
nish beautiful series of from 1 to 100 at aston-
ishing low rates. Send stamp for our attrac-
tive circular. Justout. It tells all about them.
BARLOW & OSGOOD, San Jose, Calif.
TO EXCHANGE.—Am. Side-snap single gun,
12 ga., good condition for best offer in first-class
Bird, mammal skins and skulls and Books on
Ornithology and Mammalogy. Will pay cash
for Jordan’s Manual ’92 and Zoology of Mexi-
can Boundary Survey. J. O. DUNN, 360 39th
St., Chicago.
‘als. H. MYERS, Archbald, Pa.
163
CALIFORNIA Birds and Eggs.—Extra fine
skins and mounted birds at bedrock prices.
Mounted collections furnished on short notice
at great discount. Eggs in sets for sale cheap.
Send stamp for price lists. Satisfaction guar-
anteed. F.I. ATHERTON, Box 60, Los Gatos,
California. A2t
OF INTEREST to Stamp Collecters.—600 dif-
ferent cheap sets for sale; for instance 6 Chili
5c.: 4 Costa Rica 3c.; 6 Ecuador ic.; 5 Guate-
mala 5c.; 6 Hong Kong 7c.;7 Japan 5c.; 3 Lib-
eria 12c.:5 Salvador 1Uc.;8 Samoa, current. is-
sue. 50c. and many others. Send for dull price
list. W.SELLSCHOPP & CO., 108 Stockton
St.,San Francisco, Cal. A3t
WE WILL give specimens ot any kind, adver-
tising space in the OoLoGist, and for extra good
offers anything we offer tor sale or possibly
CASH for first-class Indian Relics, or tor new or
2d hand books on Natural History, in good condi-
tion, ornitholog or oology preferred— a set of
the ‘‘Natural History of New York” and copies of
“sCoues’ Key” especially desired. F. H. LATTIN
& CO Albion, N. Y.
ANEW method of mining, milling, roasting
and smelting different kinds of ores has been
successfully Gemonstrated in Germany, and Is
now being introduced with unprecedented suc-
cess. The slow and cumbersome methods here-
tcfore employed will be discarded, and the cost
of various oresin treatment or conversion into
metal, especially Leads. Zine and Silver Ores,
Nickel, Cobait and Copper, greatly reduced. A)l
the matter of the latter, which was heretofore
sent to Germany, is now being refined in the
United States. THE HARTSFELD GERMAN
MINING SYNDICATE of NEWPORT, KY. in-
vites correspondence. (See their advertisement.)
TO EXCHANGE.—Specimens of Fossil
Palms, Ferns, Leaves from Coal Mines of N.
K. Penna for Fossils, Indian Relics or Miner-
A-M
STAMPS on Approval.—40 per cent. Commis-
sion, 50 varieties stamps including Japan 10c,
100 varieties including Siam 15c, 200 varieties
including Monaco and Hayti 50c, 7 varieties
Ecuador unused 10c. MEEKER-TOW E
STAMP CO., P. O. Box 296, Bridgeport Ct. A38t
FOR THE Magnifying glass.—Gold mixed
with black sand under good glass appears large
as nuggets, sample. postpaid 25c. For any sea
bird eggs, coins, bank and Confed. bills (value
20c.) Sent me, I will send good receipt for clean-
ing finger marks, etc. from surface of eggs.
Wanted to ex. first-class eggs with data for any
of the following: Eggs in sets, large field glasses,
sheet music, short hand instruction books,
stamp and coin collections. All letters an-
swered. THOS. STANLEY, Bauner, San
Diego Co., Calif.
WANTED.—Small holed, authentic sets not
disfigured with datas or large numbers; with
detached data; 1894 collecting preferred, A. O.
U. No’s 27. 31, 49, 51a, 53, 54, 58, 59, 68, 70, 71, 72,
74, 75, 80, 106, 117, 118, 119, *20, 120a. 120b, 120c,
122, 1382. 1383 136, 139, 140, 141, 146, 148, 154, 159, 160,
164, 167, 184, 186, 193, 194, 195. 196. 197, 198, 199, 203,
210, 211, 211a, 213, 218, 220, 229. 243, 252, 258, 258a,
260, 273, 275. 276. 278, 285, 286, 289, 289a, 289b, 293a,
294, 294a, 295. 300, 305, 332, 336, 358.1, 3887a, 390, 407,
408, 409, 413, 418a, 420a, 421. 423, 443. 448, 462, 464,
474c. 474d, 474f, 476, 481, 488a. 489, 490, 494, 508, 511,
5lla, 517, 529, 529a, 530a. 531, 540a, 540b, 542a, 542b,
546, 546a, 552, 563a. 567, 573, 581d, 587, 601, 612, 616,
687, 694, 698, 703, 704. 710. 719a, 721b, 725, 730, 735,
748, 746, 758, 759b, 760, 761a, 765, 767. 768. Must be
Aland reasonable. H. B. HOLLIS, Wellesley
Hills, Mass. >
164 THE OOLOGIST.
WHAT am I offered for a folding canvas
canoe, which is asgood as new. manufacturers
price thirty-five dollars. G. H. SHERIDAN,
Highland Ave., Chestnut Hill, Phila.. Pa.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Humminghird’s eggs in
sets with nest or California Bush Tit’s eggs in
sets with data. GEO. S. GREENE, 1447 Tem-
ple St.. Los Angeles, Cal.
PRINTING PRESS for sale. Excelsior Self
inker. 5x8. 5 fonts of types. rules, furniture,
ink, etc., only $12. A.M, EDDY, Albion, N Y.
FOR EXCHANGE. -I have about $15 worth
of bird eggs that I will trade for old coinsof U.
S.,also for sale a Waterbury 5x8 camera for $10.
Write for particulars. T. M. WRIGHT, JR.,
Troy. Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE. ~— 800 foreign stamps, 700 U.
S. postmarks. Polyphemus and Cecropia co-
coons for fine Rugby foot ball or U. S, stamps,
26 in. ball bearing convertible safety in fair
condition for $8 cash. cost $45. R. V. N. DAVIS,
Park St.. Rutland, Vt.
A ($75) Franklin Typewriter and ($16) Kdison
Mimeograph nearly new to exchange for good
safety bicycle or offers or for sale at a bargain.
R., 15 Pearl St., St. Johnsbury. Vt.
FOR SALE.—Groved axes, Celts. Pestles
game-balls, chisels, discoidals, pipes. banner,
ceremonial and an endless variety of chipped
implements. flint and jasper. DR. D. B. FREE-
MAN, 4000 Drexel Boulevard. Chicago, Ils.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Stamp papers. cigarette
pictures and tobacco tags’ for » ¢yclometer or
eges in sets with data. W.M. BILLINGS, 727
University Ave., S. E. Minneapolis, Minn.
FOR SALE.—First class sets and singles,
with full data, of Nos. 191.2 8. 5'3 at one half
Catalogue price. T.ive Chameleons, express-
age prepaid, two dozenfor $1 H. B. BLAKE-
MORBE. 280 St. Andrew St., New Orleans, La.
FOR SALE.—An outfit consisting of Davie’s:
Nests and Kggs, climbers. blowpipes. drills,
scissors, tweezers, glass eyes. etc.. value $10.50:
for best cash offer. D. B. MECORNEY, 164
Mulberry St.. Lockport, N. Y.
MUST GO.—Compl-te job printing office.
cost $200, for sale Cheap or will ex. for good
horse or high grade bicycle. A chance for some
one to start a Nat. History paprr. H. STAN-
TON SAWYER, Garland, Maine.
TO EXCHANGE —Eggs, stamps. firearms,
magazines, Wilson’s Am. Ornithology and
other books for egys, skins and mounted birds,
or offers. Sets and singles of egps of birds in-
digenous to this state for otiers. full data. Cor-
respondence invited, all letters answered. S.
VAN RENSSELAER. JR., 29 Broadway, N. Y-
City.
“Enclosed please tind Money Order for $1.89 for
which please insert the enelosed advertisement
in the Oo.ogrsr tor three months beginning with
Aprilnumber Ad. in this « onths issue has
proved the value of your paver as an advertising
medium. and we cannot recommend it to highly
to advertisers.” Meeker-Towe Stamp Co., Bridge
port. Conn.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils~
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia...
Pa Send for sample copy.
Do not publish my exchange adv. inthe May
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166 THE OOLOGIST.
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THE OOLOGIST. 167
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~ THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI. NO. 5.
ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1894.
WHOLE No. 103
My Broadwings of 92 and 93
‘“‘ Tig-g-e-e-e tig-g-e-e-e’’ was the shrill
Hawk shriek, that stirred my blood,
one of the first warm days of April, im
1892, as I entered a dense belt of timber
skirting a noisy swollen creek. The
bird swept by me, close at hand, the
characteristic markings appearing so
plainly that though the bird was a
stranger tome, I readily identified it
by subsequent mental comparisons of
this and other birds with the dried skin
of a specimen killed by me in ’84 but
neyer identified, my work having lain
meanwhile in other fields.
The previous March I had noted, in a
a burr ,oak wood amid neighboring
fields, a nest which, in its construction
and its location, told me that here was
the work of some other bird than our
common Cooper’s Hawk.
May 15th I visited this wood. The
old nest was vacant but forty rodsaway
in another burr oak I luckily saw, close
to the trunk, two-thirds up, and fifteen
feet from the ground, the bare skeleton
of a coarse stick nest, with suspicious
flecks of down clinging to the rough
bark. A moment found me looking
into its vacant slovenliness,—adorned
with naught bnt a delicate spray of pop-
lar in fresh budding leaf. I turned,
disgusted, to descend, when that keen,
characteristic and unique ‘‘Tig-g-e-e-e”’
rang out again. May 2ist I reascended
the tree. Mamma Latissimus sat near
by shrilly scolding. Two exquisite eggs
now lay in the rude nest now gaily
adorned with leafy tinge.
his vis.set 1: Two eggs, incuba-
tion one-fifth. Egg 1 rounded, covered
entirely with lilac spots, the smaller
end daubed with dark cinnamon, size
1.8x 1.5. Egg 2, oblong, solidly and ex-
quisitely marbled with lavender, heav-
iest at large end where also a few sharp-
ly accented cinnamon spots appeared,
size 1.9x1.45.
“Set. II. Leaving, one mile south of
Owatcnna, the miry highway leading
to Bohemia, one dives into the moss be-
witching woodlands. The wood road
winds river-ward through mazes of
black oak and across bits of meadow
and on through a quagmire bordering
acreek along which stands primeval
ashes, oaks and walnuts outposts of a
dense wood along the run. The nar-
row road being the only sign of human
vandalism. Here, in the Spring of ’92,
the note of a Broad-wing stopped me as
I was hastening river-ward along the
wood path, and instantly the bird
swept past, with wonderful swiftness,
bearing a twig in her claws. Later in
the day, at the margin of a field near
by I saw a pair of the birds copulating,
the male swooping down upon his mate
as she rested, lightly in a sapling top.
Yes, I vainly though repeatedly sought
the nest—finding two old nests of
Cooper’s, a frequented lair of Scops,
but not a sign of my Broad-wings.
But on May 20, ’93, after avery busy
day, [hurried my horse and carriage
down the wood road, just as sun set;
and behold, at the very edge of the
wood, in a slender elm, that’ leaned
over the creek bed, in the first limb
crotch, 30 feet up, from a fragile nest, I
saw, half by accident, the tail of a
Hawk projecting.
It was the nest of ’92 relined with
twigs and remarkably neat. The eggs
are the most delicate in coloring that I
have ever taken. Incubation zero to
begun. Egg 1, pointed sub-spherical,
slightly stippled with bright cinnamon,
and at the smaller end a marbling of
the same, size 1.76x 1.42. Egg 2, ovate,
blotched with lilac inostly at the small
170 THE OOLOGIST.
and, cinnamon spots on sides, size 1.76x
1.42. Egg 3, ovate, scattered lilac
blotches, a few specks of cinnamon,
size 1.76x1.48.
Set. II]. In March of ’93 I saw a
Broad-wing watching me, _ sitting
tamely and silently in a black oak
thicket, north of town, while I wallowed
through snow drift and grass tangle
after a pair of Mallards that were fish-
ing in a woodland marsh. On May
16th while scouring this spot for Bit-
tern eggs, I saw the Broad-wing stand-
ing in the stout, three limbed body
erotch of a black oak only ten feet up.
A most rudimentary nest supported a
single dark egg, which, with its later
laid lighter colored mate, was taken,
May 21, from the then completed nest
of sticks, bark and leafy twigs.
Incubation begun. Egg 1, rounded
oval, scattered cinnamon spots, a solid
striation of same at small end, a few
spots of darker, size 1.8x1.5. Egg 2,
rounded oval, uniformerly spotty
blotched with lilac, small cinnamon
spots well scattered, size 1.83x1.5. ‘The
"92 nest was in the densest part of the
wood, twenty rods away, twelve feet
up in swamp oak.
Set 1V. Was taken in Atkin county,
close to a wood read, forty rods from
the shore of a beautiful wooded lake,
ina rock maple, twenty feet up and
within call of a farm house, was the
nest. Reported to me by a small boy.
The nest was large, of twigs, lined with
bark and yine needles. Two eggs.
Incubation advanced, May 31, °938. Egg
1, slightly rounded ovate, small scat-
tered sub-lilae spots, small blotches of
dull cinnamon massed at small end, as
if laid on with dried brush, size 1.9x
1.65. Egg 2, oval, uniformly clouded
with vinaceous cinnamon, rather heay-
ier at small end, size 1.8x1.5. The fe-
male was seen on the empty nest 24
hours after.
Set V. At sunset of the same day,
May 31st amid the heavy rock ‘maple
timber on the east side of the same
Farm Island Lake, I was watching with
every sense intent for nest-going Wood
Ducks. Hollow after hollow was vain-
ly sounded. As darkness began to fall,
I saw a tell-tale tail projecting from a
slight stick nest, well set against the
two foot trunk of a leaning bass wood,
forty feet up, where the first two slight
limbs cropped out. Madam left the
nest quickly, silently. ‘A Cooperd”
said I. To save me. I could not safely
raise my head high enough to look into
the nest there was spur hold and branch-
let hold, only. A flatness, however. of
small sticks. Eggs appeared uncolored
in the twilight. Butlamp light told a.
different story. Of the three eggs,
number 1, oval and sharply pointed,
was covered with very faint, cloudy
specks of viaceous cinnamon, the large
end being capped with a circlet of the
same, and a few darker specks, size
2.15x1.5. Number 2, pointed oval, was
marked with a very few vague, livid
spots, and three or four blotchy spots of
half obliterated bright cinnamon, size
2x1.52. Egg 3, pointed oval was spot-
ted with livid, like No. 2, but with a
few scattered ‘‘fly specks’? of light
brown. The large end of the egg was
capped with a circle of these same ‘‘fly
specks.’’ very numerous and well de-
fined, size of egg 2.15x1.51. Incubation
begun. These eggs were larger than
the largest Broad-wing eggs noted in
Davie; yet Broad-wings they certainly
were. And I went at dawn next day to
prove it. Rowing rapidly over the
clear still water my boat speedily
ground the sand just at day break,
under shadow of the pines and birches.
Within three minutes I was standing
beneath my leaning tree, eying, with
bated breath, the expressive tail of the
Hawk that sat motionless upon her
empty nest. But, in a moment Ztg-q-e-
e-e and away she darted. Instantly the
shout of a delighted naturalist echoed
out and far across the lake. And a
THE OOLOGIST. 171
very hungry man was almost before he
knew it back to ‘‘camp’’ whifting the
odor of the birch bark that blazed be-
neath his morning eggs and coffee, back
with a heart so light that I verily be-
lieve he would have been to light for
the earth to hold, had he known what
finer finds awaited him that day! With
what condescending complacency did
he greet John, John the Fisher’s son,
who drew to shore, a moment later
than himself, with the big brass kettle
in his boat well filled with lordly bass
and pike.
Set VI. But June 5th found me at
home; and June 7th found me on the
spur of a heavily wooded and ravine
seamed hill, one-fourth of a mile from
the river, just north of town. There,
from a fairly large, bark lined nest,
freshly made, in the very top of a
white walnut sapling, 20 feet up, I had
taken in the Spring of 792, an incom-
plete set of three pale-green eggs of
Cooper’s Hawk, heavily spotted with
bright cinnamon; and near this nest I
had seen and heard a Broad-wing, just
before starting on my northern trip.
And to-day June 7th she was on that
nest; and, while ‘‘“Mamma”’ aired her
Botany and my small lineel descendant.
creeping among the dry leaves was
eramming his stomach with acorns and
the corms of adder tongue, I lazily
spurred up the sapling.
The set of two slightly incubated eggs
IT found is the only set I have ever
handled in which one egg was not per-
ceptibly darker than the others (and the
only set which I have been foolish
enough to part with). Egg 1, oval, was
blotched with lilac, a single cinnamon
blotch adorning the small end, size 1.95
x1.5. Egg 2, oval, was beautifully
marbled with llac at both ends, size
1.88x 1.45.
Set VII.. This set brought me by a
small boy, was taken in a dense _ black-
oak wood almost within town limits,
from a typical nest in a small black oak
tree. Thetwo (much incubated) eggs
of this set are very small, but very
strikingly, otherwise, like certain eggs
of the Kittiwake Gull. All other eggs
were of a white or grey-white ground
color, while these were of a greyish-
drab. Egg1, oval, was covered, all
over, with large spots of dull cinnamon
brown, size 1.83x1.48. Egg 2, rounded
ovate, was blotched and spotted ob-
scurely with vinaceous cinnamon, heay-
iest at large end where also a few spots
of bright cinnamon, size 1.75x1.42.
Set VIII. This set and sets IX and X
were taken by my friend Kinney, a
farmer, and an enthusiastic ‘‘all-round”’
naturalist, near wooded lakes, about
fifteen miles west of Owatonna. Set
VIII, one egg, May 29. 92, Goose Lake,
Waseca county, size 2x1.44, long oval,
clouded with whorl disposed streaks
and blotches of bright vinaceous cin-
namon, the blotching being heaviest
and the color brightest at the small end.
Set IX. One egg, -incubation slight,
Woodville, Minn., May 14, ’°93, pointed
subspherical, white with a few spots and
clouds of exceedingly faint vinaceous,
chiefly at small end where, also, a few
scattered spots of pale cinnamon, size
1.72x1.43.
Set X. Two eggs, fresh, Goose Lake,
May 22, 93. Egg 1, nearly equal ended,
heavily clouded at one end with dull
lilac, size 1.75x1.48. Ege two, pointed
oval, scattered specks of cinnamon and
a few lilac spots, at the small end a few
large spots of cinnamon and _ small
scratchy spots of lilac, size 1.75x1.14.
In closing, a synopsis may not give
offense.
Of the above listed sets, two were of
three eggs, six of two and two of one,
(both perhaps incomplete). There are
three color-types: cinnamon- spotted;
lilae- blotched; white— with obscure
speck or cloud markings. Of the twen-
ty eggs, five are of the cinnamon type;
eight of the lilac; five of the white, and
two neutral (abnormal). Where heavy
172 THE OOLOGIST.
marks occur they are all at the small
end.
There are three form-types,
shaped; oval; subspherical.
jority have the rounded form.
The largest egg measures 2.15x1.51;
the smallest 1.72x1.43; average 1.83x1.5.
Most of the sets were complete, pro-
bably about May 20. Earliest date May
14th, latest, June 7th (incubation well
begun).
The nests were mainly rather rude,
of medium fine sticks. Most were bark
lined and leafy-twig adorned. Adven-
titious down was usually found. The
nesting situs was, mainly, snug to the
trunk, seldom higher than the middle
boughs, normally flattish and laid on
semi-horizontal branches. mostly on
comparatively small trees in the denser
woods and seldom more than twenty-
five feet up. As to the sites being near
water, in case of owr birds, it couldn’t
well have been otherwise.
Most birds were bold, and _ noisy,
near the nest. ‘There seemed a tenden-
cy to cling to the empty cradle, when
incubaticn had begun. Nests were sel-
dom reoccupied, but localities were ap-
parently revisited yearly. With us, the
Broad-wings love to soar, by day, mak-
ing the air ring with their cries. -As to
their food, by dissection, I cannot tell,
—my geese lay golden eggs. By obser-
vation, I cannot tell. The everlasting
number of the exactions of professional
life sets a rigid bound to the love for
field study that burns in the heart of the
enthusiastic naturalist.
P. B. PEABODY,
Wilder, Minn.
pear-
The ma-
Wilson’s Snipe.
To a certain class of western sports-
men whose hunting grounds lie in the
immediate vicinity of the cities, spring
will bring no more welcome bird than
that familiarly known as the Jack
Snipe.
Considering that it is a wading bird
it finds its way into Minnesota rather
early: generally following the first few
fiights of ducks. Often a return of cold
weather freezes the wet ground to
which they commonly resort, yet they
weather it out and manage to obtain
subsistence. The last of April will find
them most common just before the
mass of them move northward.
Many accounts report them as breed-
ing north of the State, I know not why,
for this bird is certainly not an over
rare nester in the vicinity of Minnea-
polis.
That twilight chant, characteristic of
the breeding season is commonly heard
over some of the meadows which I am
accustomed to pass on my journeys in
pursuit of birds. I have called it a
chant for want of a better name. It is
a continual whispering sound made
while the bird is circling about far up
over its selected home,and might read-
ily impress one as being made by the
wings. Nuttall aptly describes it when
he likens it to the ‘sound produced by
quickly and interuptedly blowing into
the neck of a large bottle” and adds
that ‘‘this note is probably produced by
an undulatory motion of air in the
throat while in the act of whirling flight
and, appears most distinct,as the Snipe
descends toward the ground.” My other
available accounts either say that it is
made by the wings, or give no theories,
whatever.
Dark, misty, or rainy days are some-
times favorable for this performance,
and I have even heard it in the middle
of a bright May afternoon, but it gener-
ally takes place early in the morning or
late at evening when darkness shades
the bird. Your attention cannot but
be attracted to it should you pass his
home at nightfall, for it alone breaks
the silence after the notes of the song-
sters have died away.
About eight years ago I frightened a-
bird up from her nest at the edge of a
THE OOLOGIST. 173.
marsh; 1 think it was about the first
week in May. The nest was in a slight
hollow un one of those hummocks of
earth so common at the borders of
meadows and marshes, and was lined
with a few grasses, and well concealed
by arching grasses. A week later a
second nest was found about a hundred
yards from the first and exactly resemb-
ling it in situation and composition.
It contained four eggs as did the pre-
eeeding. Three years later Iran across
another nest which was placed-on a
rise of ground in a meadow, like the
others it was well arched over and con-
tained a lining of grasses. This nest
contained one egg which was left in
the hopes of obtaining a set. Afier vis-
iting it twice more I was obliged to be
content with three eggs, for the nest
had been deserted.
During the heat of the summer we
see very little of the bird in question,
for he is busied with the rearing of his
young and keeps well hidden in the
grass, but as soon as September comes
he puts in his appearance.
Very early last fall while traversing
a lake in a boat,I caught sight of a fiock
of waders rising from the floating slime
that had gathered at the borders. They
kept very close together, and at every
turn the white of the under part of the
wings shone so that I was reminded of
a flock of scurrying Snow Buntings. At
nearer approach I found that they
were a flock of the Wilson’s Snipe,
which now and then rose and circled
apparently from no cause.
They remained about this lake sever-
al days, and were augmented by other
flocks, despite the shooting that went
on when several birds were often killed
at ashot I have never seen them float-
ing together like this except upon this
occasion, though later in the year they
are found in small groups somewhat
scattered in the meadows.
Despite the wealth of larger game in
this state the gunner finds the Snipe
an attractive object, and the best mark
possible on which to test his skill, and
if he treads the meadows hereabout dur-
ing latter September or in October he
is not likely to go unawarded.
As they rise ahead of one they some-
times utter a harsh grating ery and sin-
uate so much for the first few yards of
their flight that it is hard to hit them,
though this is not always the case and
their flight may be even and straight
The rule has been laid down that they
always fly against the wind which in
my experience is not the case. i
Ihave had the best luck hunting
them in dry seasons where the retreat-
ing water of the lakes had left a por-
tion of the muddy bottom bare, thus
forming an excellent feeding ground
where they might probe for the worms,
insects and small roots which constitute
their food.
This bird was known as the English
Snipe before Wilson pointed out the
difference between our bird and the
true English Snipe In Nuttall’s time
it was called the Alewife bird near ‘the
Massachusetts coast—its arrival being
associated with the arrival of the shoals.
of fish of that name.
Others say that it was called the.
Shad Spirit along some parts of the
New England coast, as that peculiar
twilight sound proceeded from an un-
known source and was said to accom-
pany the northward movement of the
Shad. At the markets here it is only
known as the Jack Snipe or simply
Snipe though most any wader may be
called a Snipe out of want of another
name. I have seen a Sand-hill Crane
hanging up for sale bearing a card
marked ‘Irish Snipe.”
The State Zoodlogist’s Report quotes
someone as being confident that this
bird winters in South-western Minne-
sota. In the region about Minneapolis
an occasional bird may be found linger-
ing about Some open spring very late
in the year, but early November sees.
the majority depart for a warmer cli-.
mate. H. M. GuiLrorp,
Minneapolis, Minn.
174
SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER
WILSON.
His Last Days.
G. VROOMAN SMITH.
x
Returning from his southwestern trip
on the 2d of August, 1810, Wilson im-
mediately applied himself with unre-
mitting attention to the preparation of
the third volume of the Ornithology.
The number of new and undiscovered
birds which he had found on this trip
amounted to forty. Enriched with this
choice stock of new material for his
work he labored unceasingly to get the
plates and text prepared for publica-
tion. His whole energy was exerted in
unwearied industry to the finishing of
the magnificent work he had under-
taken. The remaining volumes ap-
peared in rapid succession considering
that he had to do the whole work him-
self.
Wilson spent the greater part of the
years 1811 and 1812 in the genial com-
pany of his old friend Mr. Bartram,
under whose hospitable roof he resided.
This retreat proved to be of inestimable
value to him. Here, removed from the
bustle and interruption of the city, he
was enabled to dispose of his time to
the best advantage. In the shady re-
treats of the botanic garden there
dwelt multitudes of feathered creatures
whose society was carefully fostered by
the proprietor. When Wilson became
wearied by long hours of study he had
only to step outside and refresh his
mind by the observation and enjoy-
ment of these feathered friends. His
long sojourn at the botanie garden
did much to improve his health which
had been considerably impaired by
over exertion. He made frequent ex-
cursions to many places in the vicinity
to obtain additional information for
the perfecting of his work. Several
THE OOLOGIST.
visits were made to the shores of New
Jersey where much valuable material
was gathered of the shoré birds which
inhabited that region in vast numbers.
Meanwhile his ability as a natural
artist had become so well known that
he was chosen a member of the society
of Artists of the United States. The
following year he was honored py be-
ing admitted to the American Phil-
osophical. Society of Philadelphia.
The last of those journeys which did
so much for the cause of science in this
country was to the eastward. He says
this trip principally undertaken for the
purpose of visiting his agents and sub-
seribers, yet at every point his pen was
busy and upon his return he found his
note book to be by no means empty.
Unfortunately we have no very minute
account of this tour preserved.
From New York he proceeded up the
Hudson River by boat as far as Albany.
From Albany he journeyed overland to
Lake Champlain, and up that water-
way to Burlington, Vt, Thence across
the state of Vermont to the headwaters
of the Connecticut River, remaining
some time exploring the neighborhood
of the White Mountains. The magnifi-
cent scenery of this region was con-
templated with the greatest delight by
Wilson. On the heights of Mount
Washington he found a pair of Snow
Buntings breeding. ‘This find was re-
garded by him as one of the most valu-
able and interesting of his ornithologi-
eal experience as it was tho only
known instance of this species breed-
ing within the limits of the United
States.
This tour was undertaken just at the
commencement of the war of 1812, and
the whole country was plunged into
feverish excitement. Everywhere Wil-
son went he saw evidences of it, and
more especially in the north of New
England, the frontier region between
Canada and the United States.
He relates an interesting adventure
e - THE OOLOGIST. {
in which he figured prominently, and
which goes to show how intensely sus-
picious the inhabitants were of stran-
gers. He was at Hanover, N. H.
where he was considerably engaged in
exploring the region round about.
The suspicion of the inhabitants was
aroused and they consulted together to
determine his business in those parts.
After due deliberation they came to the
conclusion that he was none else than
a spy from Canada who was exploring
the country with a view to determine
the best course by which a military
foree could be sent from the British
provinces into New England. Our in-
nocent traveller was arrested and taken
before a magistrate with all the form
due to the capture of an obnoxious in-
dividual. He was questioned as to the
nature of his business there, and when
he informed them that he was no more
than a spy in the sense of determining
the course of the migration of innocent
birds he was promptly dismissed with
many apologies.
The seventh volume appeared in the
spring of 1813. and us soon as it left the
press he, accompanied by his friend,
Mr. Ord of Philadelphia, went to Great
Egg Harbor, where they remained
nearly four weeks constantly occupied
in collecting material for the eighth
volume, which he resolved should, if
possible, excel the others both in the
value of its material and the beauty of
.its embellishments. This sojourn at
the coast was very profitable to Wilson
and while there he became the recipi-
ent of much desired information. Up-
on his return to Philadelphia he
plunged into the work of the re-
maining volumes. Day and night were
spent in order that he might complete
the work as soon as possible for he felt
that his long fatiguing journeys were
wearing upon his vitality. He was
_ obliged to rely wholly upon his own
labor, as those who attempted to assist
him were either incompetent or annoy-
3
ou
ingly slow. In August, 1813, the
eighth volume was ready for the press.
His mind and body had become de-
biliated by over exertion and its con-
sequeness early brought on his death.
The immediate cause of his death was -
in striking contrast to the romantic life
he had led. It seems that while one
day conversing with a friend he saw
flit by a rare bird, which he had for
years been desirous of obtaining. He
hastened in pursuit of the bird and in
his eagerness to obtain it he indiscreet-
ly swam across a river, and while he
captured the object of his pursuit, yet
the prize proved to be tha cause of his
untimely death, for the exposure pro-
duced a severe cold followed by an at-
tack of the dysentery, the same trouble-
some disease of his southern journey.
Ten days later, August 23,1813, the great
pioneer ornithologist of America ended
his mortal career having just a few
weeks previous completed his forty-
His brother
formed of his dangerous illness, and
seventh year. was in-
reached his bedside a few hours before
his death. “T found him
hand; he
seemed to know me, and that was all.”’
He says:
speechless; I caught his
Wilson frequently conversed with a
friend on the subject of death, and it
was his earnest wish that he might be
buried where ‘‘the birds might sing
What a fitting wish
for one who had spent a lifetime in
over his grave.”
their company! It is to be deplored
that this wish was not known to those
who were with him in his last moments
and his remains were laid to rest in the
cemetery of the Swedish church in
Southwick, Philadelphia. Erected
over his grave is an unpretentious
marble monument bearing the follow-
ing inscription:
176 . “THE OOLOGIST.
THIS MONUMENT
COVERS THR REMAINS OF
ALEXANDER WILSON,
AUTHOR OF THE
AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGY.
HE WAS BORN IN RENFREWSHIRE, SCOTLAND,
ON THE 6TH DAY OF JULY, 1766
EMIGRATED TO THE UNITED STATES
IN THE YEAR 1794,
AND DIED IN PHILADELPHIA,
OF THE DYSENTERY
ON THE 23D OF AUGUST, 1813.
AGED 47.
It is becoming that we append some
remarks descriptive of the character of
this extraordinary personage. In the
preface of the ninth volume of the Or-
nithology is a brief sketch of Wilson by
his close friend Mr. Ord. We know of
no more fitting description of his per-
sonal character than that drawn by Mr.
Ord, and therefore I take pleasure in
submitting to the indulgent reader this
gentleman’s candid and discriminating
account of Wilson’s character.
“Wilson was possessed with the ni-
cest sense of honor. In all his dealing
he was not only serupulously just but
highly generous. His veneration for
truth was exemplary. His disposition
was social and affectionate. His ben-
evolence was extensive. He was re-
markably temperate in eating and
drinking; his love of study and retirg-
ment preserving him from the con-
taminating influence of the convivial
circle. But as no one is perfect, Wil-
son in a small degree partook of the
weakness of humanity. He was of the
genus irritable, and was obstinate in
opinion. It ever gave him pleasure
to acknowledge error, when the con-
viction resulted from his own judg-
ment alone, but he covld not endure to
be told of his mistakes. Hence his
associates had to be sparing of their
criticisms, through a fear of forfeiting
his friendship. With almost all his
friends he had occasionally, arising
from a collision of opinion, some slight
misunderstanding, which was soon
passed over, leaving no disagreeable
unpression. But an act of disrespect
he could ill brook, andta wilful injury
he would seldom forgive.
“In his person he was of a middle
stature, of a thin habit of body; his
cheek-bones projected and his eyes
though hollow displayed considerable
vivacity and intellivence; his complex:
ion was sallow, his mein thoughtful;
his features were coarse, and there
was a dash of vulgarity in his physiog-
nomy, which struck the observer at the
first view, but which failed to impress
one on acquaintance. His walk was
quick when travelling, so much so that
it was difficult for a companion to keep
pace with him; but when in the forests,
in pursuit of birds, he was deliberate
and attentive—he was, as it were, all
eyes and all ears.”
So lived and died a true friend of
science. Those who are acquainted
with the incidents of his remarkable
life cannot but feel a glowing admira-
tion for this truly exalted character.
Of all our ornithologists none deserve
to be remembered with more profound
respect than does Alexander Wilson.
The science of ornithology was almost
unknown in this country till he made
it memorable. He glorified it and
made our native birds the envy and
admiration of the world. He was the
great sculptor who made America’s
feathered songsters as famous as the.
primeval forests in which they dwelt.
His success was complete, and though
he did not live to enjoy it, he certainly
anticipated what has come to pass,
that his work would always be regard-
ed as a subject of pride by his adopted
country and would secure immortal
honor for him whose name it bears. It
is fitting to add that he was eminently
endowed by nature and by art, with
the qualities of a great naturalist. He
concentrated his undivided attention
upon the great purpose of his life. He
THE OOLOGIST. 177
entered upon it, not as many are wont
to do at present, namely, as an amuse-
ment, but with a deep and determined
spirit he made it the one great business
of his life. Atall times he made him-
self a social companion of his feathered
friends, he studied them as he would a
familiar friend. His life was spent in
the study of their domestic habits in-
stincts, nidification, migration and seem-
ed in fact to pry into their very nature,
and interpret their language and dis-
positions. Their voice to his trained
ear was not music but language, and
instead of dying away upon the ear, it
went down into his very soul and mov-
ed him as the voice of a human friend.
In his description of birds he speaks of
them as if they were intelligent beings,
and has thus given a life and charm to
his descriptions which will make his
work the chief attraction of ornithologi-
eal science for years to come.
When we think of his sad end we
eannot but deplore his untimely death;
called away at the age of forty-seven,
in the very prime of life. Ifhe had
lived he contempiated preparing a
similiar work on the quadrupeds of
North America.
Of all characters in history none are
more worthy of emulation for the
young ornithologist than is this life of
Wilson’s. All vulgar or selfish consid-
erations he was purified from by his
devotion to science. He made his life
conform to the requirements of a true
naturalist. His study of ornithology
was not aS a mere pastime to amass a
_ large store of specimens, but his, great
_jife’s end was to cultivate a love for
pure ornithology. We deplore very
deeply that there are not more exem-
plifying his life today. Let us resolve
to emulate him and by so doing raise
our beloved science to a higher level
and place it where our great predeces-
sor left it.
THE END.
very speedy it is serviceable,
An Inexpensive Boat.
Every collecting odlogist and ornith-
ologist is almost sure to have use for a
boat at some time. Asa suitable craft
is not always at hand or for other
reasons, sometimes pecuniary the col-
lector frequently attempts the construc-
tion of something in the boat line.
As most of us ‘‘collecting cranks’’
are not blessed with great store of
earthly treasures it is desirable to re-
duce the cost to a minimum.
While the boat constructed after the
directions below is hardly stylish or
strong
and safe and the cost isso little that a
single season or even a few weeks use
will repay the builder for all trouble
and expense incurred. The material
needed is as follows:
BILL OF MATERIAL.
4 Boards, 1 ft. wide, inch thick. 16
sage Morass, (@) IEC TOSI Wie oobs an ade $ 96
1 piece timber, 4x6in., 1 ft-long.. 05
- 5Ibs. 10d nails (@ 4c per liom ne) Apes 20
10lbs pitch @Atve per lbp 7. 2s 16
Motalgeeo te cre Bcc $1 36
The boards may be rough hemlock or
or pine, and should have no loose. knots
two of them should have no large knots
or cracks.
The boat will have a better appear-
ance if the boards are dressed but that
is not esseztial.
For the sides of the bateau use the
two clear boards, first cutting them
down to twelve feet in length. Make a
mark six inches from the end of one of
them and saw it across diagonally, this
is the bow end.
Mark nine inches down the diagonal
cut and two feet six inches back from
the lower end and connect these marks
by asaw cut. This takes off a long
wedge shaped piece and makes the up-
ward curve of the bottom at the bow.
Mark nine inches down the stem end,
which is square and two feet along the
lower edge, sawing off another wedge
178
not quite as large as before. This
curves the bottom up at thestern. Lay-
ing this board on the one selected for
the other side it is an easy matter to
mark and saw it.
Next saw or hew the four by six
piece in the shape of a triangle, minus
the apex. The base of the triangle
should be five and one-half inches and
the opposite side should have a width
of two inches.
Lay this on one of the side boards at
the bow, mark the slant of the bottom
and saw the end of the bow post off.
Now the sides may be nailed securely
to this post, bei1.g sure to get them even
with the two inch face of it.
Another board should be ripped into
two pieces one nine inches wide, the
other three of course, and a piece two
feet long cut from the nine inch piece.
A stick or piece of board three feet
long placed midway of the side boards
will hold them the proper distance
apart while bending them till able to
nail them to the stern board just cut.
If the boards are wet they will bend
easier and with less danger of breaking,
though unless assisted by a second per-
son the workman will be obliged to use
a rope or strap to draw them together
and hold them until they can be nailed.
Another nine inch piece must be nailed
across on top of stern and sides form-
ing the stern seat and holding the sides
firmly together. Boards may’ now be
laid across the bottom, marked, sawed
and nailed on, until the bow is reached.
Use about four nails in the.end of
each board and see that the pieces are
close together, leaving no large cracks.
Two pieces of the nine inch board
are saved to use as seats, the remainder
may be used with the wider pieces in
making the boat bottom.
One of these seats should be fitted
about three feet from the stern and the
other two feet ahead of the middle.
The ends should rest on cleats nailed to
the side boards and the seats firmly
THE OOLOGIST.
nailed in placeas they brace the boat
and prevent the sides from springing.
A triangular strip should be fitted over
the bow post, (one of the corners of that
post, which was ripped off will do) and
when fastened on extends down over
the bottom board and covers the ends
of the side pieces, forming a blunt cut-
water. Every collector has of course a
stock of hemp or oakum and the cracks
between the bottom boards must be
caulked with these, using a hard wood
wedge or a dull chisel to drive it into
the crevices firmly.
Cotton waste will also answer for
caulking material.
If the center brace is removed, seats
fitted, all cracks and nail holes plugged
the pitch may be got ready for applica-
tion.
This substance. such as is used on
roots, walls, etc., may be melted in
some old iron pot until it can be ap-
plied with a swab.
It is well first to take an old tin can
and in sailor parlance ‘‘pay’’ the seams
with melted pitch, that is pour a thin
stream of the stuff along the cracks
where it will penetrate the oakum and
harden, effectually excluding the water.
With the swab smear both inside and
out of the boat bottom and your ‘bateu’
is ready for the water.
Oar locks and oars may be used but
the collector will find paddles prefer-
able often as they enable him to face
the bow.
As the craft draws but a few inches
of water it may be used on marshes
where a shoving pole will be most use-
ful in propelling it.
The bateau constructed as above will
easily carry three or four persons and
with paint and better lumber is quite as
good as any boat of similar character
for pleasure riding, fishing, hunting or
trapping.
The cost is so low that if only used
for one vacation it can be turned adrift
“or given away with little loss.
THE OOLOGIST 179
The material can be procurred al-
most anywhere, the pitch being most
difficult to obtain, butit is kept by most
dealers in building supplies and allship
chandlers. :
The brief directions above are modi-
fied from similar material in Camp
Lifeand the Tricks of Trapping* by
Wim. H. Gibson; a book which every
field collector should possess.
To build a boat as above described is
not merely theory, it has been practi-
cally demonstrated by the writer.
ALBERT B. FARNHAM,
Benning, Dist. Columbia.
* This book can be procurred of the Pub-
lishers of the OOLOGIST, and will be sent pre-
pain upon receipt of 51.00.
A Pair of Bubos at Home.
With the rapid clearing of the for-
ests from the smaller water-courses of
this section, the Great Horned Owl has
ceased to be abundant and in this lo-
eality is met with’ only occasionally. I
know of but one pair residing at pres-
ent in this township. Their home is
in a thirty-acre tract of timber border-
ing the shallow creek two miles west
of my home town, and they are so
harried by hunters and crows that life
must be a burden to them. However,
food is abundant, for the tract. still
harbors squirrels and small birds in
numbers, and therefore I suppose Buwbo
is content to remain a landmark of
happier days.
While tramping over this wooded
tract last fall, I daily startled one or
both of these Owls from their morniug
naps. ‘They see well in daytime, and
do not appear inconvenienced by the
light, though their flight among the
trees is low and uncertain, If they
are pursued, a bare limb above the
middle point of a large tree is usually
selected for a new perch, and the low-
est point of their flight is just before
rising to alight in the tree. When quiet
reigns again, they seek a new retreat,
either in a hollow tree or among the
branches of a brushy one, the latter be-
ing their preference. As evening
comes on, they leave their resting
places and fly forth with strong flight
in wide, irregular circles, shrinking
from no enemy and fearlessly display-
ing their powerful rapacious natures.
For birds that are popularly sup-
posed to doze during the day, these
Owls are remarkably wakeful and
wary. It was a difficult matter to sur-
prise either of this surviving pair of
Bubos, and rarely was I allowed to ap-
proach within shot gun range of them.
The moment they were flushed, a noisy
pack of Crows would be in hot pursuit,
and when the Owls alighted, the Crows
wouid perch on all sides of the object
of their disgust some occasionally fly-
ing quite near and making a feint at-
tack, to all which demonstrations the
Owl was supremely indifferent. Any
movement on the part of the Owl
would evoke a perfect torrent of out-
cries and abuse from the Crows. Fin-
ally, having exhausted the corvine vo-
cabulary of epithets and seurrility, and
becoming tired of deriding that which,
like Diogenes, would not be derided,
one by one the Crows would leave the
spot and seek less stoical victims or less
noisy amusements. When I entered
the woods, if I failed to startle him my-
self, I seldom fviled to locate the par-
ticular quarters of Buwbo by the noisy
demonstrations of the Crows. I often
wished that the Owl would for once
so far forget his bubal dignity as to
lose his temper and pounce upon one
of his tormentors, that I might witness
the hasty scrambling of the cowardly
crowd to safe quarters. But Bwbo is
long suffering and sets us a noble ex
ample of patient endurance in perse-
cution.
Along in January Bubo became
musically inclined. As the sun sank
behind the western knoll,at the close of
180
the short afternoon, and I tramped my
weary way homeward in the gathering
gloom, the big bass voice resounded
out from the trees with ‘‘%who,—,who,
who,” the space representing a rest in
the usual notes, and though far away
the heavy tones followed me on my
way.
On Feb. 17th of this year, I missed
the pair from the tract of woods,
though I searched closely for them, as
I was becoming anxious to inspect the
domestic arrangements of Mrs. Budo,
and having been B. Hindtime once in
my life at least, I had no desire to be
as unfortunate in this case. On my
way home, however, I passed through
a. twenty-acre tract of woods east of
the first-mentioned and adjoining it,
hearing the usual Crow racket, and 1
found my Bubos, which had apparently
pre-empted and were at home in the
new claim, though as yet there was no
evidence of housekeeping. On the fol-
lowing Saturday, Feb. 24th, I found
myself in the east timber again looking
for Bubo. I had crossed a smallcra-
vine and was ascending the rising
ground on the opposite side, when Mr-
Bubo started from the brushy trees
ahead of me. He flapped silentiy-away,
though not unobserved by several loit-
ering Crows, and the usual racket be-
gan. What interested me, horvever,
was an old nest in the top of a scrubby
oak, about thirty feet from the ground,
and I felt that set number one of the
season was about to be recorded.
it was a cold day with six inches of
snow caked on the ground, I saw that
the tree was a scratchy one, and I had
no climbers, but up I clambered.
When about half way up I felt a catch
in my left leg and it refused to come
up properly. Moreover that nest
‘didn’t look just right, and Ifelt that it
was too early for eggs anyway, but I
kept scratching up and reached the
nest. It was not empty, but filled to the
brim with dried leaves. I descended
THE OOLOGIST.
as rapidly as the brushy limbs and the
catch in my leg would admit, with
bleeding wrists and bruised shins. It
was a colder day than | had thought.
J readjusted my wraps and went on
through the woods. Soon I saw an-
other old nest in a tree ahead of me,
and on approaching it, [saw a pair of
tufts protruding above the uest, and a
familiar head peering over the edge of
the ruin, then Mrs. Swubo slightly
spread her wings over her treasures:
and crouched lower to await develop-
ments. A few blows on the trunk of
the tree sent her flapping away into
another portion of the woods. There
was no mistake this time. Here was
a smooth-barked hickory, with no limb.
nor prominence for twenty-five feet,
with the nest set in a crotch eight feet.
higher. However, I forgot my bleed-.
ing wrists, my bruised shins, and the
catch in my leg, threw off my coat,
and began to reach and pull up the
smooth trunk. My first efforts carried
me up to within eight feet of the
first limb. Then I stuck and with
each new yeach I failed to gain an inch.
In fact, I lost several inches. I felt
that I had reached acerisls. To slide.
down from that height was ignominy,
while above me was that which alone.
could satisfy my longing nature. Mr.
Editor, you have doubtless been right
there. I made a final desperate reach,
clung fast, pulled up, and soon landed
on the limb below the nest. But why
prolong a short story? I found two
beautiful fresh eggs lying about four
inches apart on the bare twigs of an
old Hawk’s .nest and thus opened the
season of ’94.
The Bubos, disheartened by this dis-
aster, returned to their forest quarters.
In the early March evenings I could
hear the pair discussing their affairs in
resounding tones. About March 20th I
faiied to find Mrs. Bubo in company
with her spouse and he had again ceas-
ed to display his magnificent voice.
THE OOLOGIST. 181
Their new home was in a hollow about
thirty feet h‘gh in a big cottonwood,
and in this safe retreat two young
Bubos will be trained to endure the
abuse of Crows and to evade the pry-
ing eyes of collectors.
P. M. Sittoway,
Virden, Ill.
Collecting in a Minnesota Swamp.
About four miles north of St. Paul
there is a large swamp, which is a favo-
rite breeding ground for numerons
species of water birds, especially Black
‘Terns and Rails.
On the 9th of June last season a friend
and myself started out for this place to
put in a day’s collecting. On arriving
there no boats could be found, so we
were forced to wade up to our waists
with our clothes on, as the water was
extremely cold.
The swamp is surrounded by a patch
of rushes and cat-tails in which the Yel-
iow-headed and Red-winged Blackbirds
breed by the hundreds. ‘The Yellow-
heads are much more numerous than
the Red-wings, and, as a rule, make
their nests considerably higher up in
the reeds.
We collected a series of twenty sets,
which show great variations in shape,
size and coloration. The nests of the
Yellow-headed Blackbirds are placed:
from one to four feet above water and
strongly woven to the surrounding
reeds.
The nests are composed of strips ‘of
dead reeds and lined with dry grasses.
Some of the nests were lined with thin
shavings and excelsior, though where
they got them I am at loss to know, as
there are no buildings, that I know of,
in the vicinity.
The eggs were usually four in num-
ber, rarely five, and occasionally three.
At this date the eggs were well incu-
bated, the last week in May being the
best time to procure fresh sets.
After collecting these we pushed on
and soon came to aSora Rail’s nest con-
taining a fresh set of ten. After a half
an hour’s searching we obtained six
more sets of Sora’s, three of ten, two of
eleven and one of fifteen—an unusually
large one.
We also optained three sets of Vir-
ginia Rail’s, all of eight eggs, which is
the usual number here. The Rail’s
nests are Simp y a heap of decomposed
weeds and other vegetable matter, on
which a heap of small strips of dead
reeds about two inches in length are
placed, there is usually a hollow in the
top cf this about an inch or two deep in
which the eggs are laid.
The nests are about three inches
above water, and the eggs are some-
times covered with water, which does
not seem to effect the birds at all, how-
ever, as the eggs are usually hatched
out all right notwithstanding this.
In no case was the parent observed
on the nest.
Passing on through the rushes we
came to an open space, clear of reeds,
thick with floating vegetable matter.
Suddenly a large bird flew up to one
side, in the edge of the reeds, hastening
there we found a beautiful set of four
eggs of the American Bittern. Upon
blowing these proved fresh.
All at once a cloud of Black Terns
arose from a patch of floating matter,
enclosed by a circle of reeds. The
Terns kept up a terrible fuss and we
thought they must have young.
Upon wading over to that side we be-
gan to search for their nests. We soon
found and collected a good series of
sets, the Terns meanwhile keeping up
a deafening racket, and darting down
at us and knocking our bats off several
times. At last their attact began to be
unpleasant to say the least, and my
friend at last took out his 22 cal. revol-
ver and fired several shots into them,
but this was of no avail and they kept
it up worse than ever until when we
182 THE OOLOGIST. ,
had collected all the sets we needed we
were glad to beata retreat and get
rid of them. Ihave never found any
birds so fierce at any one disturbing
their eggs. except perhaps the Robin.
The nests of the Terns were flimsey
affairs, simply half a dozen pieces of
reeds laid around their three eggs to
keep them from rolling off the Musk-
rat houses on which they were laid.
Upon blowing the eggs they were
found to be far advanced in incubation,
and they would have hatched in two or
three days,
We then retraced our way through
the reeds, taking a set of five Least Bit-
tern, on the way.
W ALTON MITCHELL,
St. Paul, Minn.
>>
A Collecting Trip in North Dakota.
During the spring of ’92 I was collect-
ing specimens in the ornithological line
in North Dakota.
I am deeply indebted to Mr. Judd of
Cando for courtesies extended. Being
an energetic and _ enthusiastic
collector and the possessor of a fine
pair of Bronchos, suffice to say he
made an agreeable companion. Of the
different interesting localities visited, I
will confine my narrative to a trip toand
from Devil’s Lake which occupied three
days about the middle of June. As one
would naturally suppose we got an
early start leaving Cando before sun-
rise. Our dog Fritz employed himself
catching gophers for the first few miles.
On our right we watch Ring-billed and
Franklin’s Gulls seeking a breakfast
on a newly plowed strip of land. Of
the different species of birds seen I have
not space to make special mention of
each. Conspicuous among them how-
ever were the Chestnut-collared Long-
spurs with their soaring and ‘‘a la par-
achute descent’ as Dr. Coues fittingly
calls it.
Black Tern and Yellow-headed Black-
birds were in sight most of the time.
Baird’s Sparrows were more often heard
than seen, and each pond and slough
had its usual quota of Ducks. As we
neared the Big Coulee we saw a female
Blue-winged Teal alight in a_ thick
bunch of grass. Upon investigation a
set of eight eggs was discovered. At
Church’s Ferry we made a short stop to
make inquiries concerning routes, and
were soon on our way towards Gra-
ham’s Island as we supposed. I com-
menced to feel drowsy as the heat of
the day came on. However I was soon
awakened from my slumbers by a flut-
tering on my left. Fritz-had flushed a
“Pintail Chichen” from her nest. How
l regreted that I was not the possessor
of a kodak.
The dog came to a point and the
Grouse stood on the defense with head
lowered and wings half spread. The
nest, partially hidden Jay between. Our
collecting boxes soon contained its nine
chocolate-brown beauties which we
marked Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse.
We soon discovered a small lake sur-
rounded by bulrushes. As it appeared
to be a favorable locality we staked out
the ponies and proceeded to explore it.
Tl] not go into details. But in the course
of an hour we had taken two sets of Mal-
lard eggs one sixteen in number and the
other fifteen, one set of nine eggs of the
Gadwall and one set of ten of the Rud-
dy Duck. Also four sets of Coots eggs
the largest numbering fourteen, to-
gether with several sets of Yellow-head-
ed Blackbirds. We left one set of the
Pintail Duck that were heavily incu-
bated and fourteen sets of Coots. We
proceeded on our way. In _ passing
over a stretch of land that was strewn
with boulders we observed many
Night-hawks setting on the rocks ap-
parently asleep. They would allow us
to approach within a few feet before
flying. As we came up over a slight
elevation of land we got our first view
of Devil’s Lake.
THE OOLOGIST. 183
We were somewhat astonished to see
the town of Minnewaukan not far dis-
tant, and the lake looked as though it
had lost its grip, about all that could be
seen wes a good sized mud hole. After
taking a set of the Swainson’s Hawk
from a nest in a piece of timber close by
we once more turned our horses heads
towards Graham's Island. We followed
a well worn trail for many miles and
then turned off into the timber. Here
we discovered a log cabin with three
young men in possession. One of them
conducted me to a well about twenty
rods away where I refilled our bottles
and jug. He was anxious to know our
business so I explained as far as_ pos-
sible. He said he knew of some Ducks
nests in trees but did not want me to
take the eggs, as his ‘‘partner’’? would
be angry if they were in this way sac-
rified to the cause of science and then
perhaps the aforesaid ‘‘partner’’ would
have less Ducks to slaughter and throw
away, a very common practice as far as
I could learn. By the use of a little sil-
ver | finally persuaded him to point out
the trees. I expected to find Hooded
Mergansers, but to my joy they proved
to be American Golden-eye. both nests
were in elm trees. One contained ten
eggs, the other thirteen. The nests
composed of white down were placed
within eighteen inches of the opening.
One nest was within fifteen feet of the
ground. The other was placed in a
hollow branch perhaps twenty-five feet.
IT had quite a hat full of eggs but still
had room for a set of Parkman's Wren
that were snugly hidden in an old rub-
ber boot that hung on the side of the
eabin. But I did nut take them as the
‘‘partner’’ was coming to see what de-
Jayed us. To get rid of an argument
and save time I passed around the back
_of the cabin, jumped into the wagon
-and took French leave. We soon
reached the end of the island or rather
peninsula. The only boat there was
useless so we could not visit the islands
where the Ring billed Gulls and Com-
mon Terns nested. Here we camped
for the night using Buffalo skulls for
seats and slept under the wagon. f
will not describe at the present time
our discomfort, but between the mos-
quitoes and the preparation to keep
them away that burned like fire on our
parboiled skins, between the smoke and
intense thirst (caused by alkali water)
and the drenching we received from a
rain storm during the night. I think
it will be many a long day before I for-
get that nights camp on the shore of
Devil’s Lake.
The next day’s search rewarded us
with one set of eight eggs of American-
Golden-eye. Also one set of Purple
Martin taken from a hollow in a tree.
The tree that contained the Duck nest
had a huge nest of the Red-tailed Hawk
in which were two young in the down
and one egg. Our second night's camp
was on the prairie not far from Grand
Harbor. The next day we spent most
of our time at what is locally known as
Lake Alice. There we found a colony
of Night Herons. Had we been so
minded we could have taken hundreds
of Coot’s eggs around this lake. Sey-
eral pair of Swainson’s Hawks had
placed their bulky nests in bushes not
over six feet from the ground. Some
one had scraped the eggs out of them
and broke them except in one instance:
where we picked up three eggs in a per-
fect state. A set of Shrike’s eggs com-
pleted our finds for the day. We
reached Cando that evening in due:
time well pleased with our trip and our
heads full of plans for a Jonger one to
the Turtle Mountains.
EDWIN S. BRYANT,
Phoenix, N. Y.
Late Nesting.
It may be of interest to the readers
of the OoLoGIsT to know that on Octo-
ber 5, 1898, the nest of an Arizona Gold-
184 ‘ THE OOLOGIST.
finch was discovered by the sharp eyes
of a small boy.
The nest was situated in the branches
of a peach tree, about seven feet from
the ground. When discovered the nest
contained two eggs of a light blue color
without markings.
On October 10th, I again visited the
nest and found it to contain four eggs.
The bird and nest were both taken.
The bird is now mounted upon the
edge of her nest in my collection. A
short time after this another boy found
a nest of the same species with young
birds in it. E. Dp Lay PALMER,
San Bernardino, Calif.
><> —+-
An Early Find.
Who would think of looking for the
nest of our smallest bird in January’
Well, January 30th of this year found
me gazing up into a cypress tree for no
other purpose than to see the nest of an
Anna’s Hummingbird and the bird sit-
ting. JI was soon up the tree but found
it impossible to look into the nest with-
out taking it from the limb. This I did
and it contained only one egg. I was
undecided whether to replace the nest
and leave it for a complete set or be
sure of one. I soon resolved to wait
for No. 2 and so placed the nest back on
the limb.
Next day [returned and the bird was
there as if she had never been disturbed.
Going up and finding still only one egg,
I thought as she had resolved to stick
by the nest I would give her time to lay
that second eggs. The next day there
were two which I took with nest.
The nest had been used last year and
was repaired very little for new house-
keeping. It was fifteen feet from the
ground on a horizontal limb one-half
inch in diameter just where there was
a small twig branching off to the side
which helped to keep itin place.
This is the earliest record I have seen
in the columns of the O6LOGIsT and is
an unus”’al circumstance as this bird
will usually desert its nest if disturbed.
Harry R. PAInTON,
College Park, Cala.
The Golden Eagle in Indiana.
I have been a nunter in different parts
of this State, and never saw this grand
bird until Dec. 10th, 1893.
While hunting in the woods near
Denver, I had Jaid down my gun, and
was watching a ground hog. Suddenly
hearing a noise resembling a large sky
rocket, as it goes through the air, I
jumped to my feet and looking up saw
a large bird coming from above with its
wings almost closed. It came within
20 feet of my head, and then sailed off
and perched on a tree about 100 yards
away. I went tomy gun and just at
that moment I heard the same noise
and again looking up saw another com-
ing from above like an arrow straight
at me. He came to the top of the trees
and then alighted, and I fired both bar-
rels of my gun at him and wounded
him badly, but he succeeded in getting
away, and the other one soared up un-
til it was only a mere speck in the sky,
and then left me. These birds : were, I
think, five or six hundred feet high
when they started to descend, and they
came straight down. On the 22d of
Dec, 1893 a farmer killed one while it
was fighting a dog over a chicken he
had caught, aud I bought it of him. It
measured seyen feet and four inches
across the wings, I mounted him and
have it in my collection, and prize him
above all other specimens.
I have been a hunter for 50 years,and
my father has hunted for over 60 years,
but neither of us ever saw the Golden
Eagle in this State before.
GOLF. Birk,
Denver, Ind.
THE OOLOGIST 5 185
THE OOLOGIST,
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
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——__—__—
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the tenth day of June.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and tnter-
esting in this number of OGLOGIST and
mail tous. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes hay-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
Golden-winged Warbler.
(Helminthiphilu chrysoptera, LXNN.)
This handsome little Warbler is quite
abundant in this section of the State,
anda number of collectors’ cabinets
contain them. My cabinet contains
two sets, one of three and one of four
eges.
On May 19, 92, while collecting in a
low marshy tract of land, I flushed a
bird from her nest and after some
searching found it built under a tussock
of grass. The nest was composed of
leaves and grass and lined with fine
vegetable roots. The nest contained
three eggs of the usual color and were
slightly incubated, so I have no doubt
as to their being a full set.
My second set was taken in the same
vicinity but was built in a bush one
foot from the ground. The nest was
built of the same material and con-
tained four of the handsomest eggs I
ever saw The ground color was of a
creamy white, regularly spotted and
blotched with umber, chestnut and
gray, the spots large and distinct.
The eggs bear the closest resemblance
to each other of any set of eggs I have
ever taken.
T have noticed that this bird is very
fond of moist and swampy land, coy-
ered with tussocks of grass and stunted
bushes and can be found in these places
throughout the breeding season.
F. C. HUBBARD,
Geneva, Ohio.
>—~—_>-_—<
My First Set of Pine Siskin’s.
As I have never written for the Od.-
oaist, I thought its readers might like
to know how I collected my first set of
Pine Siskin. It came about in this
way.
A collector friend, Wm. L. Finley,
used to come to my home Saturdays to
spend the day collecting.
186 THE OOLOGIST.
One Saturday morning, bright and
early, we shouldered our boxes and
gun, and with the dog, we started on a
trip.
We started down a small stream and
when we had gone a short distance»
Will wanted to stop and get something
out of the box. While he was thus en-
gaged I began to look among the trees
for nests. All at once I spied some-
thing that looked like one, up in a fir
tree about forty feet from the ground.
Will, said I, that looks like a nest,
and he told me to go up and see, so I
went across the creek and climbed the
tree and saw a bird on the nest, I scared
her off and then saw four eggs, but the
nest was out on a limb about six feet.
‘ T had Will bring up a box, a piece of
rope and a sjing shot. When he got up
where I was, we tied the rope out on
the limb as far as we could, then we
fastened it securely to the tree above
our heads, then began to saw it off, it
fell across another limb so all we had to
do was to pull it in and we had the
prize.
I then asked Will what .kind it was
and he said that he dia not know, but
took out his sling and killed the bird, so
we were able to tell it wasa Pine Siskin.
We found many other nests that day,
but none so rare as the Siskin. ‘Tired
and weary, we retraced oursteps home-
ward, and after partaking of a hearty
lunch, we drew cuts to see which would
become the owner of the set of Pine
Siskin’s, I drawing the lucky ‘‘cut,”
secured the prize.
Since then I have found a number of
nests of the same species.
RAy STRYKER,
Milwaukee, Oregon.
An Elevated Killdeer’s Nest.
While collecting, May 31, 1893, I
found a nest of Killdeer containing five
eggs slightly incubated, and situated in
a corn field, on top of an old stump,
which was about three inches high,
Nest, a slight hollow in the rotten
chips.
A very unusual occurrence I think.
J. EK. GRAHAM,
Waterloo, Ind.
APRIL CONTEST.
Highty-four Judges.
Prize winners and credits received by
each were as follows:
1. Scenes from the Life of Alexan-
der Wilson, 310.
2. Maryland Birds that Interest the
Sportsman, 281.
3. The American Crow, 228.
4. A Disastrous Season on Pelican
Island, 135.
5. Hints about Data and Field Books.
103.
‘The Judges’ prizes were awarded as.
follows:
1S NOs) TOS IAS Colby,
Neb. Exact.
2. No. 16—W. H. Myles, 53 Arkle-
dun St., Hamilton, Ont. 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.
3. No. 59—Erle Morton, No. 517 N.
2d St., Leavenworth, Kans. 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.
4. No. 75—Fred McAllister, Davison,
Beatrice,
IGIGlng es Bay, ak
5. No. 66—H. L. Heaton, Oberlin,
Kans? yes 164. b:
As the following Judges were exactly
as near the winning articles as Judge.
No. 66, we awarded each a 5th prize.
No. 71--Egbert Bagg, Utica, N.Y. 3,
pei ba ba
No. 72—L. P. Williams, Redlands,
Cali ani. 2, Ano:
The following also named the prize.
winning articles:
No. 13—H. T. Van Ostrand, Mass.
No. 15—R. A.Campbell, N. H.
No. 22—F. W. Parkhurst, N. Y.
No. 88—H. A. Washburn, Mass.
No. 41—B. H. Douglas, Kans.
No. 42—C. H. Finne, Ark.
No. 62—R. C. McGregor, Calif.
All prizes were mailed on May 10th.
THE OOLOGIST. 187
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THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI. NO. 6.
Notes from Audubon’s Biography.
FRED W. PARKHURST.
Part I.
John James Audubon, the subject cf
this sketch, and one of the most thor-
ough and conscientious naturalists who
ever lived, was born in the state of
Louisiana, May 4, 1780.
Before he had hardly learned to walk
and prattle those first words so endear-
ing to parents the productions of Na-
‘ture, which were so bountifully spread
‘before him, became his constant com-
panions; and before his ideas were suf-
ficiently formed to enable him to esti-
‘mate the difference between the azure
tints of the sky and the emerald hues
‘of the bright foliage, he felt that noth-
ing less than a life devoted to the con
stant study of the beautiful and won-
derful in Nature would content him.
None but aerial companions suited the
fancy of the young Audubon. His
father generally accompanied him on
his trips to the woods, procuring birds
and flowers for him with great eager-
ness,—pointed out the elegant move-
ments of the former, the softness and
‘beauty of their plumage, the manifesta-
tions of their pleasure or sense of dan-
ger,—and the always perfect forms and
attire of the latter. His father would
speak of the migration of the birds,
their many haunts, and their change of
livery. This alone was enough to in-
fluence the mind of Audubon towards
Nature irresistably, inclined as he was
by instinet from the cradle.
As Audubon grew np his wishes took
form, and these wishes were to possess
everything which came within the range
of his vision. He was fervently desir-
ous of becoming acquainted with Na-
ture, but the moment a bird was dead,
ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1894.
WHOLE No. 104
no matter how beautiful it had been in
life, the pleasure arising from the pos-
session of it became blunted. He
wished to possess all the productions
of Nature, but he wished life with them.
This was impossible, and in his disap-
pointment he turned to his father for
aid. Quick to appreciate the situation
he produced a book of illustrations.
The leaves were turned over eagerly,
and although what he saw was not
what he longed for yet it. gave him the
idea of copying Nature. To Nature he
went, but was sorely disappointed,
when, after several years of constant ~
effort he found that his productions
were worse than those which he regard-
ed as bad in the book given him by his
father. His pencil gave birth to a fam-
ily of crippled, ill-formed objects.
Hundreds upon hundreds of these
sketches were produced annually, and
for a long time, at Audubon’s request,
they made bon-fires of them on the an-
niversary of his birthday.
Soon after Audubon went to France
and studied design under the eminent
artist David. He returned from Paris
at the age of seventeen, and from that
time his drawings assumed aform. On
his arrival in America he betook him-
self to the woods with fresh ardor, and
commenced a collection of drawings,
which were subsequently published un-
der the title of the ‘“‘Birds of America.”’
In Pennsylvania Audubon’s father
gave him in his desire to always prove
a friend to him, a ‘beautiful planta-
tion,” traversed by a creek called Per-
kioming. Its fine woodlands, exten-
sive fields and evergreen-crowned hills
offered many a subject for his pencil.
It was here that his study of the birds
of Amerlea was really commenced.
In the year 1808 he fell in love with
and married Lucey Bakewell, and she
ever proved to be a faithful and loving
sharer of all his joys and sorrows.
Soon after his marriage Audubon be-
came a merchant of Louisville, Ky., but
the same lack of suecess pursued him
in this business as in all others which
he laid his hand to. His heart was in
the study of Nature, and all other em-
ployments were drudgery to him, and
only to be tolerated under the most ex-
treme circumstances. He would under-
take long journeys, ransack the woods,
the lakes, the prairies and the shores of
the Atlantic. Years were spent away
from his family, yet he had no object
in view other than to enjoy the sight of
Nature in all her varied aspects. Never
for a moment did he conceive the idea
of becoming useful to his fellow-men,
until he accidently formed the acquain-
tance of the Prince of Musignano in
Philadelphia. He reached the Quaker
City on April 5, 1824, and with the ex-
ception of Dr. Mease, he had scarcely
a friend in the ewhole city. Audubon
ealled upon him and showed him some
of his drawings, and by him was pre-
sented to the justly celebrated Charles
Lucian Bonaparte, who in his turn in-
troduced him to the Natural History
Society of Philadelphia. But the pat-
ronage which Audubon so much need-
ed he was compelled to seek elsewhere.
From Philadelphia he went to New
York, where he was received with a
kindness well suited to elevate his de-
pressed spirits. From New York he
ascended the Hudson erossed the Great
Lakes and sought the solitude of the
pathless forests. -After the lapse of
eighteen months Audubon returned to
his family, who were then in Louisiana.
He explored every portion of the woods
around and at last sailed for the Old
World.
Before we follow his steps to Europe
it might be as well to give an idea of
the true greatness of the work which
Audubon was striving to accomplish.
Merely to state that each drawing was
THE OOLOGIST.
life size would be a trifle vague. Not
only were the objects as a whole full
size, but also every portion of each ob-
ject. The bill, feet, legs, claws and
even the very feathers as they project-
ed one beyond another, were accurate-
ly measured. The birds in nearly
every case were killed by Audubon,
and were; after he had examined their
motions and habits as much as the case
admitted, drawn on the spot where
shot.
An accident happened to two hun-
dred of Audubon’s original drawings
which well nigh put a stop to his re-
searches in ornithology. Having busi-
ness in Philadelphia, he left the village
of Henderson, Ky., where he resided
for some years, and started out on the
long journey. Before his departure he
took all his drawings, placed them
earefully in a wooden box, and gave
them in charge of a relative, with in-
junctions to see that nothing should
happen to them. After an absence of
several months he returned to Hender-
son, and almost immediately inquired
for his “treasure” as it pleased him to.
term it. The box was produced and
opened, but what was his dismay to
find that a pair of Norway rats had
taken possession of the whole, and
among the gnawed bits of paper which
but a few months before had represent-
ed nearly a thousand birds, had reared
a family. The burning heat which in-
stantly rushed through Audubon’s
brain was too great to be endured with-
out affecting his entire nervous system.
He slept not for nights,and days passed
in oblivion, until the animal powers
being recalled into action, through the
strength of his constitution, he took up
his gun, note-book and pencils and
went forth to the woods as if nothing
had happened. He even felt pleased
that he now might make much better
drawings than before; and, ere a period
not exceeding three years had elapsed,
his portfolios were filled once more.
[To be continued.)
THE OOLOGIST 208
My Loquacious Pet.
During the last week of June, ’84 I
came across a pair of young Blue Jays
that had fallen out of their nest. Their
wing feathers were yet too short to as-
sist in flight, so that I had little diffi-
eulty in catching them. On reaching
home I put them in a large cage. They
hopped about a while and then squat-
ted down in a corner. On being dis-
turbed they opened wide their black,
erow-like beaks, showing their pink
tongues. They soon learned to know
me, and would flutter their wings and
ery for me to cram Mocking Bird food
into their cavernous mouths.
In spite of my constant attention one
died. The other was fed several times
a day for some weeks and finally learn-
ed to pick for himself.
Two mouths later, his wings and tail
took on a gaudy, blue metallic color,
banded by narrow stripes of black.
The dark oval which hung on his neck
‘like a horse’s collar became glossy
black. ‘‘Doc’? was now certainly a
handsome pet.
Like all other beauties he had a tend-
ency to be sly ani inischievous, When
loose in the room he would hide a
thimble or a button under the _ pin-
cushion and then seize pin after pin,
throwing them over his shoulder until
none but those deeply driven into the
cushion remained. During all these
antics, his large crest was ever rising
and falling in a manner just as expres-
sive as a horse’s ears.
If I was reclining on the sofa, Doe
would fly and nestle close against my
cheek, and then run his beak between
my lips. Besides being a loving, af-
fectionate pet, he was an excellent ball
player, seldom muffing a cotton pellet,
swiftly thrown from a distance of eight
or ten feet.
These were not his only accomplish-
ments. His vocal achievements sur-
passed his athletic feats. With the ex-
ception of the pretty double whistle or:
yodle, Doe gave all the notes of the
wild Jay, including many soft whistles,
trills and chuckles.
My playmates announced their ar-
rival by a peculiar, shrill yell, which
my pet soon reproduced so accurately
as to decieve me. Occasionally he
whistled to the dogs, and then battered
against the wires in- terror as they
pranced sheepishly about the cage.
My grandfather, being a feeble old
gentleman, was in the habit of calling
touthe hired man at the barn many
times during the day. One sultry af-
ternoon my grandmother became
alarmed by the incessant calling to the
hired man She rushed about the
house in breathless anxiety lest some
accident had befallen her husband.
He had been fast asleep on the lounge
and was not pleasantly impressed to
be awakened so unceremoniously. As
they were explaining and discuss ng
the matter, they heard in the exact re-
production of my grandfather’s voice,
Ed-ward! Ed-ward! Ed-ward! Stepping
softly to the door, my grandmother
caught Doc in the act of calling.
Some months later, Doc tried’ to call
Maggie, but he was never able to say
anything but Mag-ward, though I used
to stand by and yell ‘‘ve, ie, Magg-te,’’
at the top of my lungs.
In ’86 my Jay was swapped for some
pigeons and seventy-five cents. In his
new home he heard a lady eall her deaf
husband very loudly, and soon learned
to yell Henry! Henry!
Doc’s end was tragic. In former
days he would kill and eat a mouse,
but in his new home he met with rats
instead of mice. One dark and howl-
ing rainy night the rats made war on
Doc and slew him in revenge.
SYLVESTER D. Jupp.
Now is the best time in the whole-
year to secure new subscribers for the-
OG6LOGIST.
"204 THE OOLOGIST.
Migration of the Chimney Swift.
It is often said that one swallow does
not make a spring, but I feel safe in
saying that one ‘Chimney Swift’ in a
locality is fairly conclusive evidence
that spring has come to stay. This
bird, often called a Swallow, which it
resembles in many ways, not infre-
‘quently appears north of the 40th par-
allel by April 20th, and it is not unusual
to have flurries of snow after this date,
and sometimes several days of dis-
agreeable weather. However, although
‘the appearance of the venturesome
‘‘blue-backed’’ swallow in March is not
rarely followed by sleighing, and oc-
‘casioually by good skating, the Swift
rarely appears till the balmy breezes of
late April blow, and never while there
is a particle of frozen ground.
In my trips to Florida one of my prin-
‘ciple pleasures lie in taking bird notes,
-and my return to the north is somewhat
governed by the movements of the mi-
-grating birds. When at Palm Beach,
Lake Worth, Florida I saw the first
-Swift March 21, 94. This locality lies
between the 26th and 27th parallels.
Passing north I did not meet with
this bird again till March 29th at Micco,
-on the Indian River, at about 283 degrees
north latitude. At Sanford, Orange
-county and Kissimmee, Osceola county
in the interior, the birds were seen in
-abundance April seventh. Common at
Tampa April 8th and evidently nest
building on the 12th. Abundant at
Cedar Key, Florida, an island in the
Gulf of Mexico, April 16th. April 17th
“the birds were found plentiful at Jack-
sonville, Florida.
On the 19th of April I found many
birds at Savannah, Ga. In Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., April 25th, the Swifts were
‘seen, and also in Kentucky the 2\1st.
Here I found the American Red Bud,
Cercis canadensis in full bloom, a tree
~which usually blooms about May 5th to
10th in Southern Michigan.
At Cincinnati the Swifts were com-
mon also at Wilmington, a small place
N.E. of Cincinnati and in about 394
degrees north latitude. The birds
acted at home; as if they had been there
several days. On April 23d the Swifts
were found plentiful at Fort Wayne,
Indiana.
Reached home, Kalamazoo, Michigan,
between the 42d and 48d parallel at
noon April 24, ’94 and though I looked
carefully for Swifts I failed to find them
On the 25th a few were seen, and on
the 26th they appeared plentiful.
The 8th of May the birds began court-
ing and two and three males may be
seen chasing one female. This stage
lasts for a couple of weeks or more, but
most of the Swifts are to be seen flying
in pairs by May 20th, after which date
they are devoted to nesting.
MorRIs GIBBS.
A Day With the Coopers’s Hawks.
The Cooper’s Hawk* is one of the most ~
abundant species in the family in the
Great Lake Region and it is fair to call
it second in point of numbers only to
the Red-shouldered Hawk. ‘This rating
may not accord with the estimates of
many ornithologists, but I believe all
old collectors and careful observers
will agree with me. Many young col-
lectors do not know this species, while
they are quite well_acquainted with the
two common buzzard hawks. This re-
sults from the retiring habits of this
bird, which is rarely observed by the
ordinary stroller, while the soaring
Red-tail and noisy Red-shouldered, with
their conspicious nests are often well
known.
This Hawk breeds abundantly in
Southern Michigan, and many sets of
eggs are taken by the enthusiastic col-
* The Cooper’s Hawk is {written of in ‘The
Raptores of Michigan,’ OoLocisr, April, 1889,
giving several notes as to nesting habits.
THE OOLOGIST. 205..
lectors in the month of May. ‘The
earliest full set of eggs was collected
April 22d, and I believe the latest date
for a fresh set, first clutch. is May 29th.
The best time to look for the eggs is
during the first half of May.
My friend K. W., who has developed
into a great climber and collector of
Hawk’s and Owl’s eggs, invited me to
go out with him on a trip for Cooper’s
and knowing his proficiency, from pre-
vious agreeable trips, I eagerly ac-
cepted.
We started one bright morning in the
second week in May to go over a por-
tion of his ‘Cooper route.’ A portion
he ealls it, for the whole circuit is over
sixty miles, with all its ins and outs and
could not be well accomplished in less
than three days. We had been out one
. day, but it proved rainy and windy and
the result was only a dozen eggs.
These circuits he had mapped out for
years, and has on all possible occasions
visited the various clumps of woods
and kept account of the active clatter-
ing Cooper’s Hawks. In his cross-
country trips, when he goes for the
larger Hawk’s nests, it is but little
trouble to look up the more tardy
species. In fact, to the true naturalist,
all of these walks and notes are only in
the nature of labors of love.
Away we went with a dash, behind
his fast stepper, and made nearly four
miles without a pause, where K. handed
me the reins and began buckling on his
climbing irons, while the mare was
still making good time.
Reaching an oak grove at the side of
the road, he leaped out, climbed the
fence and disappeared in a few seconds.
In less than five minutes he returned to
the carriage with four fresh eggs. In-
side of thirty seconds the eggs were
packed and we were dashing on to
another quarter, while my companion
explained that the nest just visited was
only 22 feet up in a white oak and less
than ten rods from the highway. He
said the nests were usually built in
white oaks, but that he had found them
in black oak, hickory, beech, maple and
ash.
After a mile’s trot my companion left
me and struck across a field to an iso-
lated patch of dense oak woods, where -
he had located a prospective set the
previous week. The birds however-
still proved dilatory. After this exam-
ination he cut across lots to another
piece, motioning me to drive on down
the road. In this way he visited sever-
al groves, and travelled all of two
miles, and I kept track of him and was
guided by a wave of his hand as to my
route. On his return he showed a fine
set of fresh eggs, and reported seeing
five nests, four of which he inspected
by the aid of his climbing irons. In
one nest there was a single egg, which
of course he left.
The Cooper’s Hawk often builds in
proximity toa barn yard and seldom
far removed from the habitation of
man in this,region. Very often a pair
is found nesting in a small patch of
trees within a hundred yards of a barn
and I know of one nest which was built
within half of that distance of a house.
However, if one does not keep his eyes
and ears’on the alert, nothing will be
known of the presence of this bird, and
much less of its nest.
This is the most destructive Hawk to
to the chicken yard, and the agricultur-
ist is well aware of it, and is always on
the lookout for ‘them tarnal blue-backed
chicken hawks,’ as he calls them. But-
at the same time that he is heaping
maledictions on this bird, and loading
his musket with a charge which would
fix a bear, the swift flying Cooper’s is.
nesting in safety less than a hundred.
rods away in the same piece of wood
where it has nested for many years.
As the horse wended his way over the
road to the next likely spot K. told me
that the nests which he had just visited
were respectively 45, 40 and 35 feet.
206 THE OOLOGIST.
from the ground. ‘‘The highest nest
which I ever found” said he, ‘‘was 60
feet up in an ash tree and the one near-
est the ground was at only 15 feet ele-
vation in a white oak and the average
is about 35 feet. The nests do not aver-
age as high as the nests of the Buzzard
Hawks and are not as easily found as
they are. The only way thatI can ac-
count for the lower catalogue price of
Cooper’s Hawk’s eggs is because this
species nests in trees easier to ascend
and the number of eggs in the sets is
larger. For the nests are certainty
much more difficult to find than the
Buteo’s nests. In fact, if one takes into
account the large number of old squir-
yel’s nests which are climbed to by inex-
perienced, collectors, then the actual
work for the average set of blue-back
hawk’s eggs is fully equal to that of any
other species which nests in Michigan.
“It is very foolish to climb to any
Hawk’s nest until one knows that the
birds have been about it for the season,
and I rarely spend time on a nest unless
I see or hear the birds in the vicinity.
It is unusual to find two pairs of Hawks
of one species occupying one patch of
woods at a time. So when I see a
Cooper about, I run through a grove,
pick out the most likely nest, and if it
is proper time for them, I climb the
tree. One can judge by the sticks on
the grounds under the nest as to the
progress made, for all Hawks drop ma-
terial in nest construction.
“JT rarely have to climb to a Hawk’s
nest more than twice for the eggs and
if J am much in the woods and have a
chance to observe fully, then one as-
cent is usually sufficient. Taking all
the species of Hawks here, and the act-
ual number of climbs made, I believe
that the ascents will average me nearly
or quite two eggs, while some inexper-
ienced collectors whom I have met,
will climb a dozen trees to get a single
set of eggs. Everything depends on
observation, and to successfully visit
Hawk’s nests is aS much a subject of
study as the hunter’s love which enables
him to secure game where the green-
horn will fail.”’
We now reached a large woods, and
as the fence was down we drove in
by a meandering old wood road. The
pleasure was accorded me of witnessing
my friend make an ascent to a nest.
The old bird was seen to leave the nest
and was heard clacking as she flew
about. From the momexrt that K. left
the carriage until he returned with the
set of five eggs, it took him just four
minutes and twenty-seven seconds. It
was a beautiful set, unusually blue, and
with numerous small spots of brown.
It was now past the noon hour and
visiting a farmer’s house where we pro-
cured some milk, we ate our lunch
and continued our search. Passing
near a heavy oak woods we saw a Red-
tailed Hawk perched near a nest in a
large white oak, and K. climbed to the
nest. more as a matter of curiosity than
with hopes, as he had robbed the same
over five weeks previously. He found
a young bird and an addled egg.
“Ordinarily it does not pay to spend
time on any nests except the one spe-
cies which you are in search of. The
collector who goes out with an idea of
general collection usually fails, as does
the amateur gunner who sets out with
the intention of shooting a variety of
game. If one is collecting Cooper’s
Hawk’s eggs, thats enough for one trip,
and to do well no attention should be
given to any thing else.”’
In the course of a mile we came to a
dense piece of woodland where the
smaller trees and underbrush grew
very thickly about and made walking
almost impossible. Here we found a
nest in a small black oak at not over
twenty feet from the ground. ina very
dense part of the wood. Any boy
could have climbed that tree in two
minutes, but very few amateur odlo-
gist’s would have thought of looking in
THE OOLOGIST.
this situation fora Hawk’s nest. My
friend had heard the clacking notes
near by and had reasoned that the nest
must be inthe patch. Three eggs were
in this set, which, though not a com-
plement, were taken.
A mile further on a nest was visited
,which was built in a tall spindling
beech. It exactly resembled one of
' those squirrel’s nests we so often see in
the woods, and wculd not have tempt-
ed any one not familiar with the bird’s
ways.
This article will overtax your readers
so I will bring it to a close. During
the day my companion secured twenty-
nine Cooper’s Hawk’s eggs, all of which
were in excellent shape for an addition
to his perfect collection. Four of them
were given to the writer of this article,
who will sign himself as an
OLD TIMER.
Some Winter Bird-Life.
A winter tramp, on a sunny day, is
not so bad, after all, if one is dressed
warm but light. To slip on the leggins
and shootizg coat, with its assortment
of shells in their respective pockets,
shoulder the twelve guage and leaving
the town and its millions of Sparrows,
walk up the valley along the creek into
and through the the woods and groves,
and visit the springs where it is well to
see that the gun is not loaded with dust
shot, and to be ready for a pair of Fish
Ducks (Hooded), or perhaps a small
flock of that greatest of all Ducks, the
Mallard for here, where it rarely, if
ever, freezes, is where we will tind the
first two on my list of winter birds. Of
course neither are as abundant during
the coldest winter months as in other
parts of the year, but occasionally you
will strike them and one Mallard in
December is worth a half dozen Black-
heads or other Duck during the best of
the fall shooting.
Here, at the spring, we will probably
=
207
see Chickadee too, that gay little black-
capped fellow who comes into our
yards and around our door on the
coldest January mornings, with his
merry chick-a-dee-dee. begging for
crumbs. His near relative, the White-
breasted Nuthatch, another hardy resi-
dent of our northern states, will prob-
ably be found not far away. His
queer note, the quank, quank, can be
heard a great distance in the sharp
morning air and sometimes we make
quite a long walk before we come up
to him, scrambling up and down some
large forest tree, over the limbs and
under them,—no Woodpecker ean rival
him in this, his method of. breakfast
hunting
As we turn to leave the spring a loud
caw, caw, caw suddenly attracts our
attention upward, and there, over the
grove to’our right, flying in a bee line
for somewhere, and probably knowing
exactly where he is bound for, is a sin-
gle Crow, no, not single for there, over
the trees, another one appears, two
more, and another, all filing after the
leader. Nouse to dodge down now,
they see you already and turn up and
to the left, far out of range of the gun.
To capture a Crow this time of year re-
quires much patience, and you can
rarely do it by hiding as they appear,
coming your way, they always turn out.
I have laid in wait in a corn field in the
late fall, when the youngsters had
grown as wild and wary as their par-
ents, for a full hour, before I got a shot
at one, and before I came they were
flying continually over my hiding place.
After 1 was there, however, they
seemed to ‘smell a rat” and always
turned out forme. Finally though, an
extra large single bird—you have pro-
bably noticed that single birds are al-
ways more easily deceived than flocks
—came flying directly over me and paid
the penalty for his carelessness by re-
ceiving my charge of seven, full force,
and his shiny black skin now lies on its
208
back in my cabinet, and I never look
into that particular tray without think-
ing how hard earned a Crow that was for
such an abundant species. In the sum-
mer and early fall, however, Crows are
quite easily secured, but are not in as
nice condition for specimens as_ the
harder procurred winter ones.
We will now turn, up into that grove
from whence we hear the continued
tap-tap-tap-ety-tap, of some small Wood-
pecker—either a Downy or Hairy prob-
bably, as these are the only common
ones in the winter. After acareful and
quiet search we discover the particular
tree where the little spotted tree-climb-
er is at work for his breakfast. He is
on the other side of that limb, we will
walk around and get a good look at
him but where is he—oh yes, he is try-
ing to keep well out of sight by follow-
ing that limb around as fast as we
walk. There he goes, in a short quick,
upward flight into the top of the second
or third tree, a Downy, as his small size
tells.
As we emerge from the edge of the
grove a large flock of probably a hun-
dred Prairie Chickens make quick work
of leaving the two or three large, bare-
limbed oaks on the very edge of the
tield. and in quick flight, make for the
direction of the marsh. We _ walk
across the open field toward the large
woods, where we will tind different
birds of the winter. As we near the
old rail fence from whence comes the
familiar chip, chip of the Tree Sparrow
or “Winter Chip Bird,’ a large fat rab-
bit jumps out and in long, quick leaps
makes for the better cover of the hazel
patch, but he is not quick enough, for
just as he nears the hazel, two more
leaps would make him safe, the gun is
on him, hastily pulled ahead and fired
and with a full somersault bunny lies at
the edge of the cover, your lawful
meat. The report of the gun scares a
large Hawk from the edge of the wood
but he makes rather quick work in get-
THE OOLOGIST.
ting out of harms way, and as the left.
barrel is charged with dust—'tis al-
ways so—he makes good his escape
with his skin whole.
We enter the wood; fox and gray
squirrels are seen peeping at us from
around some limb or scampering away
out of harms reach, but we will not
shoot squirrels—they are not fit game
for a hunter’s gun. A dozen Blue Jays —
and half as many Crows are making a
fearful racket a little ways ahead, let
us push on and see what the matter is.
On our approach the Crows abandon
the field for safer piaces and the Jays
scatter in all directions, but if we sit
quite still in the hazel brush the latter
are soon back and we discover the
cause of all this disturbance. A large
Barred Owl, poor fellow, is the target
for all this bird-cursing on the Jays.
part, for I have no doubt but that they
were calling him every name in bird
language. He does not, however,
seem to mind it, hardly moving an inch
as a couple screeching Jays swoop past
his head. Finally, though, he seems to:
tire of the noise and persecution and
with a silent flopping of wings is off for
the thicker part of the wood.
A few steps farther on, and, with a
loud whirr of wings a Ruffed Grouse—
locally called Partridge—rises from the
sunny side of a stump and in rapid,
rising flight-makes for some sheltering
tree over the hill. Now look out, where
there is:one Partridge there are prob-
ably more. Another step or two
abead and from the branches of a low
tree directly in front of you another
one flies, a pity you couldn’t have seen
him a minute before, but such is Grouse
hunting. You hardly make another
step forward before the whole covey
rises, six or eight of them and if you
are quick and true enough perhaps you
bag one or two, but more likely not! A
Ruffed Grouse is a quick bird in the
cold winter months and hard to get a
bead on. If we follow the covey up
THE OOLOGIST.
we will, nine chances out of ten, find
them hugging the limbs of the trees.
just over the hill-top ahead, but with-
out a dog it is almost impossible to dis-
cover which tree or limb before they
are off and gone.
If we keep on into the wood we will
probably meet with that bold chicken
thief the resident Great Horned Owl,
or perhaps if it has been cold enough
the past week or two, a specimen of
the rare winter visitant, the Snowy or
White Owl. A Hawk or perhaps an
Eagle, soars gracefully far above us, as
we take our lunch on the sunny side of
the wood and watch the Crows file
across the fields,and listen to the merry
note of the Chickadee, as he comes up
closer and closer as if he wanted to get
acquainted.
We turn and cross the creek, where
a musk rat quickly makes a plunge wun-
der the ice at our approach, and a lit-
tle ways farther down pause at an open
spot to watch shiners, chub or dace as
they sport in the icy creek and think
we will remember this stream for some
good hait, when black bass catching be-
gins again next June.
he sun has nearly gone down and
the birds have entirely disappeared, as
we reenter the grove on our homeward
tramp. Nota chick-a-dee-dee, quank or
tap of the little spotted Woodpecker is
heard, they have all sought their night-
ly resting places, the three species last
mentioned of probably in some hollow
tree or old Flicker’s nest.
As we enter the vil lage a loud ¢trvil
greets our ears and lets us know that
our good friend, the little Screech
Owl has begun his nightly raid on the
English Sparrow in the thick evergreens
and hedges. May he grow fat on their
worthless little bodies.
N. HOLLISTER,
Delevan, Wis.
209
The Whip-poor-will.
(Anirostomus vociferus.)
Bordering the valley of the Kaw, on
either side for a distance of some forty
miles westward from the mouth of the
river, are continuous ranges of low
hills broken by numberless little val-
leys.
These rough, untillable tracts of land,
covered with a serubby growth of
Black Jack and Post oak, interspersed
frequently with dense thickets of sap-
lings and underbrush, afford a compar-
atively safe retreat for those birds
which haunt the native woodlands.
It is in these hills that I have spent the
greater portion of my years and it is
here that I have learned to know the
subject of this sketch.
Securely hidden during the light of
day, in his secret abode, the Whip-poor-
will waits until all the members of the
‘eathered tribe, with few exceptions,
settle down to quiet and repose before
he comes out to help the Owl relieve
the monotonous quiet of the summer
night. Rapidly like a faint shadow he
darts this way and that pursuing his
favorite prey. Shrouded by the friend-
ly darkness, he intrudes boldly in the
very habitation of man, and mocks all
attempts to spy him out.
How often in my boyhood days have
I been stariled and even momentarily
frightened by the shrill piercing words,
‘Whip - poor - will, Whip- poor- will.’
How unearthly these sounds seemed to:
me then, yet how much have I since:
learned to love them and to look for-
ward eagerly in the spring time for
their first clear tones. Had I felt the
fascination of odlogy durlng those early
days I might have had a long series of
‘‘No. 417” on my list for many a time
have I pursued a fluttering bird
through brush and saplings, entirely
oblivious of the the two precious beau-
ties which lay almost in my path. But
it is not my province to lament lost op-
210
portunities but to treat of what actual-
ly came into my possession.
When I received my first ‘‘check-list”
after the awakening of my interest in
od ogy I quickly saw that I had passed
during my rambles many a precious
egg and resolved to make up for lost
time.
Early in April of the following spring
I started with spurs and bucket to
search for eggs of the Turkey Vulture.
I was passing through a dense thicket
of post oak when I was surprised by a
bird’s starting up at my feet and yiti-
fully dragging herself with flapping
wings through the underbrush. In-
stantly, I recognized the Whip-poor-
will. Looking carefully, I soon dis-
covered two eggs lying on a thick bed
of leaves. I forgot all about Turkey
Vultures, and turning, returned home.
The eggs were typical of the species—
elliptical in shape—of a creamy white
ground color spotted evenly with lav-
ender and lilac. They were perfectly
fresh.
In the latter part of May I located
another nest containing one egg, and
carefully noted its position. Returning
in a couple of days later, expecting to
find the set cumplete, I could tind no
trace of either egg or bird although I
searched most thoroughly. This puz-
zled me greatly at the time but I have
learned since that the bird often moves
her eggs or even young when her home
is disturbed. I have never had the for-
tune to see a bird removing her house-
hold treasures, but it is said she takes
them in her capacious mouth in order
to perform the feat.
My unceasing efforts found no fur-
ther reward in the Whip-poor-will line
until quite late in the season. On the
Ath day of July Mr. Williamson and I
eoncluded to celebrate the day in the
manner most pleasing to ourselves and
took a tramp in the woods which result-
ed in the findins of a fine set of fresh
eggs of this species. The following year
THE OOLOGIST.
I was not able to find a single egg, al-
though I searched repeatedly every
thicket within my reach. During the
succeeding collecting season I was
much more fortunate for six nests came
under my notice, one of which contain-
ed hatched young.
It will be seen from these results that
the bird is an irregular summer resi-
dent here, some years being very rare
and at other times being quite com-
mon. Of the eggs which I have taken
two sets were distinctive.
The eggs of one were unusually long
and thickly marked with very dark
lilac. The other set was remarkable
for its beauty, having the delicate lilac
and lavender spots so systematically
arranged that the effect was most strik-
ing. This set, the most beautiful that
I can ever hope to take, now adorns
the cabinet of Mr. C. Barlow of Cali-
fornia as it has since passed irto his
hands.
The eggs of the Whip poor-will are
readily distinguished from those of
other similar species. All eggs of the
Whip-poor-will have the general ellip-
tical shape, although they vary slightly
in measurements, and all have the lilae
and lavender coloring in various de-
grees of intensity upon a background
of creamy white.
I have found the bird nesting invar-
iably in thickets almost impenetrable
to the rays of the sun. She does not
take the trouble to build a nest, but de-
posits her two eggs in some chosen
spot, usually on a bed of leaves by the
side of an old log or dead limbs. Yet
the very carelessness of the parent
serves most effectually to conceal her
treasures which are with difficulty dis-
tinguished from the surrounding leaves.
The only sure way of finding the eggs
of the Whip-poor-will is to search thor-
oughly and frequently every dark
thicket in the neighborhood. How-
ever one may often locate the vicinity
of a nest by going out in the evening
THE OOLOGIST. 211
and listening to the first call of the fe-
male which is uttered just before she
leaves the nest to feed. — After the birds
have taken wing it is useless to try to
trace them as they take no further no-
tice of their nests until they have had
their frolic and are ready to return to
tho nest. It is probable that the male
performs the duties of the female while
she feeds, but as I have no definite an-
thority for it I merely offer it as a sea-
sonable suggestion.
I trust this may at least benefit some
who live where the Whip-poor-will is
known to breed, but who have not, as
yet, been successful in locating: their
nests. IfI succeed in this my efforts
will not be amiss.
P. C. CHADWICK,
Lorving, Kas.
Notes on the Barn Swallow.
The Barn Swallow made its first ap-
pearance, for this year, in this locality,
April 29th. Although the season has
been remarkably early it has made not
the slightest difference in the arrival of
this bird. From a record which was
kept for a long term of years, of the ar-
rival of this bird, and which is now be-
fore me, I find that its earliest arrival
was April 21st and its latest was May
2d—only 11 days variation. It departs
for the south about the middle of
August.
It nests, almost invariably, in the
roof of an old barn. It lays four or five
and rarely six eggs, which are white,
spotted with brown; and it rears two
broods each year. Its nest isa curious
affair, made of mud, into which are
mixed a few straws or long hairs, just
enough to give it a stringy appearance
when torn in pieces, but seldom enough
to be seen when the nest is entire.
Sometimes the horizontal surface of a
beam, or shelf is occupied as a_ nesting
place, but generally, by some myster-
ious process, the nest is glued to the per-
pendicular side of a rafter. No attempt
at concealmentis ever made. The old
nests are often repaired and used year
after year, and it would seem, some-
times, at least, by other than the ori-
ginal builders. I have seen a nest,
which, as I was told by an old man,
had been occupied every year, for more
than forty years.
Speaking of nests I am reminded of a
most curious, triple nest which I once
found. I was huntingin an old barn
for Swallow’s eggs, when I noticed this
nest highin the gable. I climbed to it
and found that a Chimney Swift had
first built its nest of little twigs, cur-
iously interlocked and glued together,
and cemented to the barn with an ad-
hesive substance, which this bird sec-
rets in its stomach. Then a Phoebe had
utilized this nest as a shelf upon which
to build its own nest of moss, cemented
with clay. And lastly a pair of Barn
Swallows had built their nest of mud,
above and partially resting upon that
of the Phoebe. I mention this as being
all the more curious, for the reason
that the Chimney Swift rarely nests
in barns, and the Barn Swallow seldom
makes use of a projection upon which
to build ‘its nest. Upon two other oc-
casions I have seen a Phoebe using the
nest of a Barn Swallow as a shelf upon
which to build its own nest.
The Barn Swallow may be called
gregarious, but it is much less so than
its cousin, the Cliff or Eave Swallow.
Itis rare to find more than a dozen
pairs of Barn Swallows occupying the
same barn, but itis not at’ all uncom-
mon to see fifty or more nests of the
Eave Swallow ranged side by side, each
nest joining its neighbor. The Barn
Swallow is very peaceably inclined
towards most other birds, and it is not
unusual to find its nest in close prox-
imity to the nest of a Chimney Swift,
a Phoebe, ora Robin. In fact, it was
only a few days ago, that I noticed a
212 THE OOLOGIST.
pair ofthem industriously engaged in
building a nest, within an arm’s reach
of the nest of a Robin, and have seen
nests within a few inches of the nest of
a Phoebe, but I do not know that both
nests were occupied at the same time.
But, let a Hawk, or an Owl,or a similar
bird approach and this Swallow will
become a perfect demon of ferocity, sav-
agely attacking and actually driving
from the field a bird for which it would
hardly make a mouthful. Its method
of attack is to circle around its victim,
and suddenly make a dive towards it,
generally aiming for its eyes, and by its
own wonderful agility, avoiding a re-
turn stroke; it will again circle and_ re-
turn to the attack. JI have no knowl-
edge of any bird being seriously injured
by the Barn Swallow, butI have often
seen it attack, and put to flight both
Cooper’s Hawk and the Sharp-shinned
Hawk.
Its powers of flight are marvelous.
Wilson estimated that in its ordinary
flight, it’s speed would average more
than a mile a minute, for ten hours in
each day. In rapidity and gracefulness
of it’s evolutions, no bird with which I
am acquainted, with the exception of
its near relative, the Eave Swallow, can
compare with it. ‘True, the Humming-
bird may be able to dart more rapidly
from flower to flower, and to change
it’s course more quickly: but its flight
is erratic, and in an abruptly, zig zag
direction, while that of that of the
Swallow is regular and graceful, and in
long, sweeping curves.
By watching it’s flight one may judge
somewhat of the coming weather, for,
while in pleasant weather it will always
soar highin the air, just before a storm
it will fly very close to the ground,
sometimes almost touching the tall
grass. Doubtless this is owing to a
similar habit of the insects of which it
isin pursuit. It is purely insectiver-
ous. and invariably takes it’s food upon
the wing; and, although it has been ac-
cused, and perhaps justly, of destroy-
ing the honey bee, it is regarded as one
of the most beneficial of birds.
C. O. ORMSBEE,
Montpelier, Vt.
A Crank.
How often we have seen him hurry-
ing off early in the morning to return
laden with what he ealls treasures.
Treasures indeed! Weeds, flowers,
bugs and birds which perhaps we have
never seen. Always eager to be off on
his rambles, preferring this to other
sports, and returning with a calm, hap-
py air whether he has found his treas-
ures or is tired, empty-handed and
be-dragled with mud and dust.
Perhaps he is also an ardent desciple
of Isaak Walton, and a _ prospective
Nimrod. Willing to take countless
tramps and come back empty handed
as cheerfully as when attended by bet-
ter luck.
Now you and I call this fellow a
“crank.” What can be the attraction
in such pursuits. True his collections
are pretty, but he doesn’t seem to care
for that alone. He will grind out an
endless strain on the wonders of this
and that, which may happen to be a
commonplace plant or bug. Wecon-
template him with a sort of patronizing
pity that he should fritter away his
time in such an unprofitable manner.
Ah! my friends could you but read
his inmost thoughts you would see your
pity worse than wasted. It is he who
ean pity. for your lack of enthusiasm,
that you live on unmindful of the beau-
tiful things around you. He isa crank
because he’ loves Nature and delights in
delving among the secret wonders with
which her storehouses are filled, yes,
even to overflowing. More than this,.
he realizes in these wonders the mani-
festations of his Maker, in the whisper-
ing forest in the joyous songs of birds
and insects, in the murmer of the rill,
THE OOLOGIST.
and in the thunder of the waves. He
holds communion with Nature on his
rambles and is thus led nearer his God.
His mind is elevated and enriched. His
soul is uplifted and filled with rever-
ence and praise for Him who created
this beautiful world and filled it with
wonders which most of us know but
little, perhaps not at all. Whoever
studies Nature with such feelings de-
tives much good therefrom, and his
life is enobled.
Reader, if this little article causes a
change in your opinion of some‘‘crank”
(?) and opens up some empty corner of
your neart to the warm glow of Nature,
then its mission will have been success-
male | “ORTYX.”
The Wren-Tit or Ground Tit.
This is one of the characteristic birds
of California, combining the traits of
the Wrens as well as those of the Tit-
mice. These birds inhabit the foothills,
canons and dry bushy plains all over
southern California.
The Wren-Tit is one of the many
birds that stay all the year round in
southern and Lower California. The
Wren-Tit’s whistle can be heard all
day long in the thick brush on the _ hill-
sides and in the washes, its music is
generally confined to the low monoto-
nous whistle which is prolongedly a
trill, except when it is disturbed, then
it will scold the intruder with its?cat-
like cries. -These birds can always be
identified by their whistle, after a per-
‘son has once heard them.
The Wren-Tit is confined to the
coast region of California, with the ex-
‘ception of those found in Lower Cali-
fornia. The nest is usually built in the
thick grease wood, in canons on the
hillsides. It is composed of little twigs
and soft woody fibres, and is lined with
grass and hair. It is made so that it
looks like an old nest.
‘The birds set so closely and look so
218
much like the nest that the whole looks
like an old bunch of sticks or a last
year’s nest. The inside of the nest is
from two to two and a half inches in
depth by two and a half in width. The
nest is placed in the fork of some bush
and is generally about three feet from
the ground.
Although the birds are quite numer-
ous in Southern California, the nests
and eggs are quite difficult to find.
The birds are quite Wren-like in ap-
pearance, and have a habit of holding
the tail erect and twitching it nervously
from side to side. The birds resemble
the California Brown Towhee in color.
They are a plain brown above, the tail
is long and has faint dark bars on it.
Beneath it is pale cinnamon with throat
and chest faintly streaked with dark.
They are about six and a half inches
long.
When the bird is on the nest it is
quite tame and will let you come with-
in a few feet of it, and then it will
slip off the nest so quietly that you can
hardly catch a glimpse of it. When
the bird leaves the nest it will run
along the ground under the bushes for
a few yards and then suddenly appear
with its mate and begin to scold you
from a short distance, with a series of
scolding cries. If you move on fora
few yards the birds will follow to see if
you are going away,then the female will
slip back to watch the nest. If you re-
turn, the birds will become bolder than
they were at first.
The eggs are of a pale greenish blue
color without spots or other markings.
The eggs will fade if left in the light.
The average measurement of the eggs
is about .70 by .58inches. The usual
number of eggs that I have found in a
set is three, although I have found two
fine sets of five.
The breeding seasoa is from the mid-
dle of April until the last of June.
W.B. Jupson.
214 THE OOLOGIST.
Protect Our Birds.
It appears to me that the Odlogist of
today seems to think it his especial
duty to destroy all the birds and eggs
which come within his reach. As this
is practiced by collectors who know
much more of Ornithélogy than myself,
I may be wrong. But it seems to me
the true lover of nature and the works
of Providence could not, with a clear
conscience, destroy so many of our
beautiful feathered creatures.
By very little reading I can find
many instances where collectors collect
from five to twenty-five sets of the
same species, the eggs having no ma-
terial difference in number, size and
markings. Evenif they should differ
somewhat, the peculiarities could be
put down in a note book, as every good
Odlogist keeps such a book.
One person has taken, this season,
twenty-two nests and sets of the hum-
ming-bird. I hope, but hardly think,
they are all different species.
Another writer found a good breed-
ing place of one of the _ Itbises,
and ends his article by saying he took
about two hundred of their eggs, or
about sixty sets. I cannot understand
why one or two sets would not have
sufficed.
If this wholesale destruction of our
birds continues, what will become of
them? Ornithélogists agree that
many species are becoming very scarce.
Now. we do not want to exterminate
them, with the exception only of the
English Sparrow or as Davie fitly calls
them, ‘‘the rats of the air.”
OTTO GRADY.
Ludlow, Ky.
Reappearance of Bald Hagles in South-Hast
Michigan.
From time to time I have noted the
reappearance of various birds in. this
portion of the country, their return to
regions they formerly frequented after
a lapse of many years.
The latest I have to chronicle is the
return of the Bald Eagle. Last fall
Mr. }Jobn W.'‘Stacy, reported meet-
ing two Bald Eagles. One was killed
near «the eastern border of Pontiac
township, -Oakland county, and the
other was met with alive along a branch
of Stoney:Creek, in western Macomb
county, near the boundary of Oakland
county. They have also been reported
from Wayne and other counties along
the eastern coast of this state.
WILFRED A. BROTHERTON, -
Rochester, Mich.
Vireonide in Iowa.
This is a family of birds that are
much oftener heard than seen. Next
after the Warblers, the Vireos are the
most delightful birds of our forest, they
address the ear and not the eye. Clad
in the simple tints that harmonize with
the verdure these gentle songsters
warble their lays unseen, while the fo-
liage itself seems stirred to music. In —
the state of Iowa there are six members
of this family.
Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus. Ar-
rives from the south about the jast of
April and is common throughout the
state.c It has a loud, energetic song,
which is never out of tune, from the
time it arrives, until it departs early in
October, from early morning, through
the burning heat of noon and on into
the night, whether it is raining or no,
go to‘any woodland and you will be
sure to hear it.
Langille says, ‘‘some writer has made
it especially articulate in the following
lines:”
Pretty green worm, wherefare you?
Dusky-winged moth, how fare yeu,
When wind and rain are in the trees?
Cheeryo, cheerebly, chee,
Shadows and sunshine are one to me.
THE OOLOGIST.
Mosquito and gnats, beware you,
Saucy chipmonk, how dare you,
Climb to my nest in the maple-tree?
And dig up the corn
At noon and at morn?
Cheereyo, cheerebly, chee.
It’s small cup shaped pensile nest, is
hung from the twigs of some shrub or
tree, anywhere from a few to thirty
feet from the ground, this is completed-
by the first of June, and the four white
eggs, speckled with dark brown spots
at the large end, are laid, they meas-
ure about .80x.62.
A nest I collected last season and
which is now before me on my desk, is
composed of pieces of bark, fine grass
and webs of spiders and caterpillars,
lined with fine shreds of grape vine
bark.
The Cowbird’s egg is often found in
the nest of this species.
Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus. This
Vireo breeds plentifully throughout the
state, arliving about the 25th of April.
It is just about as full of song as the
Red-eyed, from some croup of tall elms
along the street you hear it’s liquid
notes in tones as sweet, that it would,
seem as if the air melted in them, the
very soul of tenderness and affections
is breathed out upon the ear. This
‘song compared to that of the Red-eyed
is amuch softer and more prolonged
warble.
The nest, which is usually built in a
maple, in the door-yard, or in an elm
along the street, is suspended in the
fork of small twigs at the extremity of
a branch and usually at the height of
from twenty to fifty feet from the
ground, however, it is not always at
that height, sometimes only a few feet
from the ground.
Mr. Rudolph M. Anderson of Han-
cock Co., Ia., writes, “I found a nest of
the Warbling Vireo suspended from a
low drooping limb of an ash tree, only
about five feet from the ground.”
The nest is somewhat deeper and
more substantial than that of the Red-
215,
eyed, but composed of about the same
material.
Tne eggs are four or tive in number,
of a pure white color, sparingly dotted
at the larger end with markings of
black and brown. The specimens
measure about .75x.56.
Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavi-
frons. Notas common as the former
species, rather scarce in Henry county,
although it’s brighter colors make it
more conspicuous than the Red-eyed
and Warbling.
Mr. Anderson reports it ‘common in
Hancock county; June 18, 1891, I found
a nest of this species, which was sus-
pended from a small erotch about.
twenty feet from the ground, and com-
posed of driel grass, cottony sub-
stances, thin pieces of bark, moss and
this nearly entirely covered over with
small pieces of newspaper, lined with
fine strips of grape vine bark. The
nest contained four fresh eggs and one
egg of the Gowbird.”
Mr.J. Eugene Law writes, ‘This
species is uot uncommon at Lake Mills,
Winnebago county. This spring, 1898,
found one nest which was deserted
when two Cowbird’s eggs were laid in
Lite?
Mr. H.M. Savage of Van Buren coun-
ty found a pair of Yellow-throated
Vireo’s building their nest in June,
1892, the nest was completed, but be-
fore all the eges were laid a Blue Jay
was rascal enough to destroy the eggs
and tear the nest to pieces. It was
placed in a hickory, thirty feet from
the ground and composed of much the
same material as the Red-eyed except
there was a good deal of moss and
newspaper about it.
The eggs are four in number, and are
easily distinguished from other Vireo’s
by having the ground color of a roseate
tinge and the spots of dark brown
much more over the entire egg. Spec-
imens measured about .85x.65.
The song of this species is much like
216
the Red-eyed, although not near so
finely modulated and rather shrill, it
resembles the words, weeeo, weeeo-ee,
wee-ree, ete.
This bird is easily distinguished from
the former species, by the yellow on
the breast and also by being a shade
larger.
It departs for the south by the mid-
dle of September.
DaAvip L. SAVAGE,
Salem, Ia.
A Little Advice.
To those who are interested in O6l-
ogy and are desirous of making a col-
lection of eggs may find the following
helpful to them.
First, in making a collection of eggs
it is of the utmost importance that each
and every specimen should be fully
identified. The only sure way to do
this is to secure the old bird at the
same time, unless the collector is ¢hor-
oughly familiar with the breeding hab-
its and eggs of the specimen in
question. As Capt. Bendire says: “A
small, thoroughly identified, well pre-
pared and neatly care for collection,
even if only a local one, is worth far
more scientifically and in every other
way than a more extensive one ob-
tained by exchange or purchase.”
The majority of collectors have a
printed label data which they always
keep with the egg. All eggs shonld
have as much dirt removed from them.
as possible before blowing as it is then
easier to get off.
Eggs should be blown through one
small hole drilled in the s¢de, forcing
the contents out by blowing into the
hole with a blowpipe. Do not hold the
egg too tightly between the fingers or as
Mr. Davie says, ‘‘you will learn that a
thing of beauty is not always a joy
forever.”
In blowing small eggs you will find
an egg holder handy. It is made by
THE OOLOG.SY.
taking a piece of wire about seven
inches long and bending both ends into
the shape of circular loops. Again
bend your wire in the center so that
the loops face each other, and the hold-
er is finished.
Do not try to blow eggs while in the
field if you can possibly help it,
as you do not have the facilities there
that you do at home or in camp, and
then again you are apt to be in a hurry
and break your eggs; but pack them up
neatly in small boxes fitted with small
apartments, lined with cotton or moss.
You should always have a notebook
with you in which you should put down
everything of interest pertaining to the
eggs collected.
Many valuable specimens are lost on
account of improper packing, when be-
ing sent by mail or express. Eggs
should never be sent in anything but
tin or wooden boxes which should be
lined with cotton. Then each egg
should be securely wrapped in cotton
and placed sn ugly in rows and layers
in the box.
In marking eggs permanently it is
well to put the date, A. O. U. No. and
number of eggs in set, on the shell(near
the drill hole) with a soft lead pencil.
Egg collections are asa rule kept in
the drawers of a cabinet, which are:
partitioned off into different compart-
ments partly filled with fine sawdust or
sheet cotton. It is well to scatter cam-
phor gum through the drawers as a
preventative of insects,
The above is meant for the true lover
of nature and not for the ordinary so-
called collector, who delights in mass-
ing together large numbers of eggs and
the slaughtering of our beautiful song-
sters and ‘‘screening their fiendish acts
under the gauzy lace of Science.”
KELLOG DURLAND,
Dorchester, Mass.
Mr. Francis Cope Jr., of German-
town, Pa., writes as follows: ‘‘The
back numbers of the OdLoGIST, which I
ordered of you on the 18th inst., have
arrived safely and [am highly pleased
with same; in fact I consider them al-
most invaluable to the ornithologist and
odlogist.”
THE OOLOGIST. 217
THE OOLOGIST.
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Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y.
*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.
ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLAS*, MATTER.
Henslow’s Sparrow in Michigan.
Please record in the columns of the
OGLoGIST, the taking of Ammodramus
henslowit, Henslow’s Sparrow in
southeastern Jackson county, Michi-
gan, on May 12, 1894. A flock of sev-
en observed and one male secured.
Dr. R. H. Wolcott and L. Whitney
Watkins were with me at the time.
This bird was included in my list of
Michigan birds of 1881, and has been
very much doubted by certain would
be Ornithélogists, and it gives me great
pleasure to secure the specimen. More
could have been taken if we had so
wished, but we preferred to leave the
rest in hopes of their nesting there.
We will return on May 30th for a three
days outing. Shall take my setter dog
“Partner,” trained to find ground nest-
ers and diligent search will be made to
find their nests.
ADOLPH B. Covert.
Mr. Henry K. Coale, the Assistant
Ornithologist of the Field Columbian
Museum, Jackson Park, Chicago, writes:
“T will be pleased to receive for exam-
ination specimens of Dendroica estiva,
Yellow Warbler, from all parts of the
country and will return same promptly
giving credit for notes made, ete.”
Never in the history of American Or-
nithology has more good systematic
work froman intelligent basis been in
progress than at the present time.
This is especially noticeable, and we
might add more highly commendable,
among our younger ornithologists. Of
late nearly every issue of the OdLoGIsT
contains one or more ealls or notices:
in reference to State or District organ-
ization in order that the work may be.
furthered more understandingly.
In this month’s OoLoGist we print.
the complete list of North American
Birds as revised to date—the first list,
we believe, incorporating the ’94
changes and additions, published—we
also give as far as possible the value of
the skins of each species as far asa
combination of data in hand and our
knowledge on the subject will permit.
We are well aware that,undoubtedly,
many species have been erroneously
priced—either too high or too low and
as we desire to make this list the recog-
nized standard by all American Orni-
thologists—we most earnestly invite
218 THE OOLUGIST.
suggestions and corrections in relation
to typographical errors as well as to
valuation.
The corrected list will he stereotyped
on July 1st hence the importance of
mailing your suggestions not Jater than
June 20th.
We have received from Prof. T. D.
Richardson, Instructor of Natural
Sciences in the Washington High School
ot Jacksonville, Ills., a copy of his
“Model Herbarium and Plant Record.”
We have given our copy a most careful
examination and unhesitatingly pro-
nounce it the best thing of its kind that
has ever been brought to our notice.
Below we enumerate a few of the Au-
thor’s claims of merit for the work, all
of which we most heartily endorse, and
would further advise all of our readers,
having botanical inclinations, to send
him $1 for a copy:
1. The size is 8x11 inches. This is large
enough forthe purposes of the ordinary col-
lector and not so large as to be cumbersome.
2. The binding is such as to allow the book
to spread when filled with plants and not in-
jure it in the least.
3. The descriptions occupy the page oppo-
site the plant and a turning of leaves is notnec-
essary When the plant and description are Ccom-
pared.
4, The paper used in these books is very
heavy and of good quality and makes an excel-
lent Herbarium paper.
5. The best methods of collecting. pressing
and mounting plants are presented in a simple
and concise manner.
6. The Key tothe Terms Used in Descrip-
tions contains all the terms aud spaces for 1il-
lustrating each by a written definition and a
drawing. Experience has shown that this is
an excellent method for fixing the terms and
their meanings in the mind of the pupil, No
other Herbarium has this arrangement.
The MopEL HERBARIUM has grown to its
present form with the needs of the Author's
classes and is now offered with the contident
belief that it has a place in the botanical work
in schools that has not been filled by any of the
numerous Herbariums, Plant Records and
Analyses that have been published.
> —+
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the jirst day of July.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of OdLoGIsT and
mail to us. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes hay-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
BIRD SKINS!
LOW RATES for JUNE ONLY
Prices are for A 1 Specimens.
Order quick. If you_don’t see what
you want write for it. Wehave a big
lot, as per large list in this issue.
PAMOLVCAN OLY aoocoussanoqoso- $ 60
Chilo, QUAIL, ooososeoonoveos- 60
Ganmnibelisi@iulai lee eee 1 00
Scalledi@ wane ras tern ee 75
Large Hawks, several species..... 1 60
Red breast Mergamser...........2. 1 00
Mallia dls ccf ide ee a 1 00
Bilevekes Vital lain: Cle eee 1 25
Baldpatey sy. yhoe actus ce acme rae 1 25
Green-winelealhass eee 1 00
Blue wing Realyen ee eee 75
ShOvelller se e185 cence cisicl acre aoe 1 00
Pan BAT ccc kais. co, one sloleeegi nner ea a ae 1 25
Redhead ya sie ay ae st eae 1 50
INMETCHMSCAM)Woo0 sdsenoc0 cs. - 1 25
Juesser SCaup, Bait iae eee eee 1 25
American Goldeneye .......... gall WO
OV AYIS GMAW: -e) 05 che otters ate ae eee 1.25
DTG Rey RM re Mn ic IT epi lata 5 - 1 50
JRMCKG IDMEKS slo boo coseooden as aoe WOO
MulivowsEreew) wok ss ssa 5)
Hvening:Grosbealkes <=. 4s. —seeee 60
Prairie Hormedtwanketn ene nee 30
A series of seventy-five specimens of abov
will sell cheap. Different localities. :
Blue Jay .s5 Reece re ae eee 25
Stellenismiayicaicis sec teenie Bevis tall)
SereecheO wilt nus Vacs eee eee 75
RoyaltVernie eo.) ee 1 00
Man O’War, young in Down.... 1 00
Creat blue lerontee ss ee eee 2 00
Greater Yellowplease (6. 5 eee 75
White-throat Sparrow............ 2
Snowitla kes Nee cece a eee 25
_About 50 large and small skins, defec-
tive in some..way, occasionally broken
neck, ete., our selection, 15 cents each.
These are worth double this amount
for study.
New lot of mammal skins just in.
Fine Armadillo, $7.50.
Large Lizard skins, three feet, $3.00
eae Lion skin, fair, $8.00.
celot skins, fine for rugs :
small, $2.50. age
We are receiving new lots of skins
daily and wouid be pleased to hear
from all Collectors and Taxidermists
who wish to purchase good material at
prices that conform to the existing
hard times.
F. H. LATTIN & CO.,
ALBION, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST. 219
BIRD SKINS.
With a complete list of the Birds of North America, arranged according to the A.O.U.Check List.
TERMS.—Orders under $1.00 for skins which do not exceed eight inches in length, must be
accompanied by five (5) cents to cover postage. Large orders for the same size will be sent
postprid. Large specimens will be sent by express; if wanted by mail, postage must be added.
Skins sent by mail will be carefully packed, but no risk will be taken.
The prices quoted are for the poorest and best specimens. Specimens of intermediate
grades at proportionate prices.
The numbers in the first column correspond to the A. O. U. Check List. Those in the second
‘column to Ridgway’s Nomenclature of North American Birds.
1 729 Western Grebe ...... .....$1 25 $200) 73 689 Aleutian Tern...... ...... 200 300
Pee oles OlbosllesiGreber- lis ee RO BAO) Wale CSO Ab eR iss Neral en eee 60 120
Sie a2 ELOrMed ieee) sa. See i EO) 7B. Col Soom aterm ps ee 125 250
4 783a American Eared Grebe OO) WHO) TAO ez Jesenolieoh attesmay es eee 200 300
5 734 St. Domingo Grebe ..... seo HO OD) ee GBR) IBilevetke Gbteye ale ae) eos ak 50 100
6 > Pied-billed'Grebe -....: 50 100} [78] 694 White-winged Black Tern... 150 200
Neko) | DYoXo) 0 Wie econ.) ey Aa ate eee 200 400} 79 695 Noddy _—....... ee 200 300
8 737 Yellow-billed Loon...... ape | 80 656 Black Skimmer...... ...... 50 100
9 738 Black-throated Loon _...... 400 700; 81 700 Black-footed Albatross .. 600 806
WO) 788) IPRvOMiaKe Ibyeyoray 9 eas se 400 600] 82 701 Short-tailed Albatross ..... 600 800
11 740 Red-throated Loon...... .. 150 300] [83] 702 Yellow-nosed Albatross... 8 00 10 00
U2 Pee Mba ole haihaes see 150 250] 84 703 Sooty Albatross’ ..... 800 10 00
1B 4B} LebwadGal |S aoe ee IB) CO) [n} cosh Galehake aouboneyes ens | Sees 8.00 10 00
13a 748a Large-billed Puffin ~~... Xo) sy UNIO eee ae 300 450
14! (Zak Jalonaaeol DP whomha, eee ees 350 450] &6a Lesser Fulmar...... -...--
15 746 Rhinoceros Auklet......... 86b 705a Pacific Fuimar —.......
16 751 Cassin’s Auklet =... 300 500] 86¢ 705b Rodger’s Fulmar weak
NATE AT OO UC GPA kel 6 User p poe sees: 300 500] 87 706 Slender-billed Fulmar ... 800 1000
18 748° Crested Auklet « -........ 350 450) 88 Cory’s Shearwater .. ... 300 500
-19 749 Whiskered Auklet ......... 300 450] 89 709 Greater Shearwater ...... 150 250
20 750 Least Auklet......... ee. 2 00) 450 [90] 711 Manx heat Water Beebe Bes 2/00) #3100
\ 753 F ‘ x 1 710 Pink-footed Shearwater......
214 759 Ancient Murrelet......... -- 300 500 92 712 Audubon’s Shearwater 300 400
23 755 Marbled Murrelet —_.......... 225 400] 93 713 Black-vented Shearwater......
24 756 Kittlitz’s Murrelet......... 94 714 Sooty Shearwater......... 300 400
95 757 Xantus’s Murrelet -........ 9 715 Dark-bodied Shearwater......
26 758 Craveri’s Murrelet......... 95 716 Slender-billed Shearwater
27 «760 ~ Black Guillemot...... .... 100 200] [97] 707 Black-tailed Shearwater
28 760 Mandt’s Guillemot ...... 200 350] [98] 717 Black-capped Petrel — .........
29 761 Pigeon Guillemot...... ..... 150 200) [99] Sealed Petrel —._......
SO MA7Goe NEUEGOe st ess een (yer | iasee sea! *100 200] 100 Fisher’s Petrel.........
30a 763a California Murre......... 150 200] [101] 718 Bulwer’s Petrel ........
31 764a Brunnich’s Murre __....... 100 200} [102]719 Pintado Petrel......... ads 300 500
pola 464) Pallas?s Murre > 22-2... 103) 720)" Weast Petrella = Bees BO Co
So Avay ZOOL bled Aika 2s |) hearse 150 200] 104 721 Stormy Petrel ...... 150 300
SSiAlbn Great Aue). 2.2! ges 1105 726 Fork-tailed Petrel — ......... 250 400
Bul Vs IDYonyElkaksy — cegeaaee WOO 150) |1062 W23ebeachys Petrella 100 125
SH OOOReOaia on seco Se bobs 350 500] 106.1 Guadalupe Petrel.........
SORA OM ATIN Crdide Sele ee) iletense. 2/00) 3150) 107 “24: Black Petrel.-.:--.) 9 2-2
87 698 Parasitic Jaeger ...... 125, 2100 | 108: 725 Ashy, Petrel = *.225:5 300 500
88 699 Long-tailed Jaeger —......... 250 350] 109 722 Wilson’s Petrel le ee nOO pm ioO
3 Ol Gar emp laviO Vaya GquUklen yan teeee nse 350 450] [110] 728 White-bellied Petrel
AQ 65 Gu a salib bina k@esee2 te) ye. eee eies 7% 150) (111) White-faced Petrel.........
40a 658a Pacific Kittiwake...... -....- 125 250] 112 654 Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 350 500
41 659 Red-legged Kittiwake...... 500 750/113 655 Red-billed Tropic Bird ........ 350 500
AZ 660); Glaucous Gulls. Eee: 200 400] [114] 651 Blue-faced Booby.........
42.1 Point Barrow Gull...... 114.1 Blue-footed Booby — .........
ASG olen mlce lam GuG, Ulsan on eeccue se 300 400) 115 652 Booby OO ONG ras ee 800 500
44 662 Glaucous-winged Gull...... 200 300) 115.1 Brewster’s Booby .....
45 Kumlien’s Gull... [116] 6538 Red-footed Booby ——....... 400 600
46 ING S@meS Guy alee Len O50 my. Ganne basco Reise 300 400
47 663 Great Black-backed Gull...... 200 300]118 #49 Anhinga ......... ees CN. GEO
48 Slaty-backed Gull......... 119 642 Cormorant _ ......... 300 350
49664 Wiestern-Gulle 7 -.---- 200 300) 120 643 Double-crested Cormorant 200 300
[50] 665 Siberian Gull... ...... 120a 643a Florida Cormorant — ...... 150 250
Bil Gale, Jalergmebaver(Gnbull’ Rees 150 200} 120b 643b White-crested Cormorant
5la 666a American Herring Gull...... 150 200} 120e Farallone Cormorant
HOMNGOT. sWAeSa) Grulla ener. 121 644 Mexican Cormorant —...... 200 300
BSMGos © alitormn ai Gull why eas 150 2001122 645 Brandt’s Cormorant...... 175 350
54 669 Ring-billed Gull... 100 150}; 123 Pelagic Cormorant _......
55 670 Short-billed Gull... 9 ...... 200 300} 123a 646 Violet-green Cormorant...... 300 400
“Opole » Mery GU = ei ieeeeenes 125 175; 123b 646a Baird’s Cormorant......... 200 3850
57 672 Heermann’s Gull...... .. 350 500) 124 647 Red-faced Cormorant ......
58 673 Laughing Gull .....-... 100 150] 125 640 American White Pelican...... 400 600
bom 674 mranklinis (Gul ec 100 150/126 641 Brown Pelican pees 300 600
60 675 Bonaparte’s Gull ...... 75 150] 127 California Brown Pelican...... 300 600
60.1 eal e) Gabuy betewo Sees 128 639 Man-o’-War Bird .......... 400 600
61 676 Ross’s Gull....-. eas 129 636 American Merganser ...... 125-175
GONE Tine ale! Ss Gaul ees een 400 500} 130 637 Red-breasted Mergansevr...... 100 150
63 679 Gull-billed Tern.. ...... 50 100] 1381 6388 Hooded Merganser _ ...... 100 200
64 680 Caspian Tern ......... zy OM ee Cont Wienble WC eT ae eee ibe), AL 76S
65) 6810) Royal Menny =) ye. -- 125 2 00)| 133 602 Black Duck .. ..... 125 1%
66 682 Elegant Tern......... -...-. 134 603 Florida Duck...... ...... 150 250
67 683 Cabot’s Tern ...... ...... 100 150) 134a 602 Mottled Duck........ ta 200 300
[68] 684 Trudeau’s Tern ...... igh Ob Ceyohwwenlls eek aor 125 200
69 685, Forster’s Tern...... -..... ow elOO) | 13682 GOGH Widiseone 4.5) ayaa 150 200
70 686 Common Tern _....... 50 100/137 607 Baldpate RESIGN 150 200
71. 687 Arctic Perm..22..5 0 | cecee:2:. 7 100] (1388]611 HEuropean Teal......... 0 ...... 150 200
72 688 Roseate Tern ...... ....-- 75 1251189 612 Green-wingedaTeal......... 75 125
THE OOLOGIST.
220
140 609 Blue-winged Teal ——......... 150 200
(Ae GLOM Cinna One G alee neers 150 209
TAS GOS SHoOWeliion senses ueetases 150 200
TIERS, COSY Mesa aces © acco 150 200
IEE (MIEY “ \AY@roVl IDUIOI eek Sacto 150 250
[145] Rufous-crested Duck ........ 200 2%
146618 Redheaditets ns uirccesee my eeeees 150 250
147 617 Canvas-back ........ 50 200
148 614 American Scaup Duck...... 150 200
149 615 Lesser Scaup Duck...... 150 200
150 616 Ring-necked Duck 125 175
151 620 American Golden-eye ...... 125 15
152 619 Barrow’s Golden-eye ..... 150 225
153) (621) Bume-head) 22222: 100 150
Teh GEE} ONGIEE SWE N ieccccecca 9 ceoteees 100 2090
155 622 Harlequin Duck...... 150 300
156 624 Labrador Duck _ .........
157 625 Steller’s Duck......... 400 600
158 626 Spectacled Hider ...... 9 00 12.00
159° 627 Northern Hider... -..... 250 350
160 627a American Hider ......... 200 300
161 628 Pacific Rider ..... 200 400
1EZIG29) Seine EN Gleryeeeese nee 500 700
163 6380 American Scoter...... — --... 150 225
[164] 631 Velvet Scoter —...... 200 250
165 632 White-winged Scoter...... 200 250
HGS GBB} Soret Seow secs tet ia) 225
Woe @e¥e Teeoloby IDG) eee ee sececee 7 150
[168] 685 Masked Duck __ .........
169 591a Lesser Snow Goose _...... 300 400
169a 591 Greater Snow Goose...... 300 400
16981590 BiwelG COSC sn ee 300 400
170 592 Ross’s Snow Goose _ ...... 450 600
{171] 5938 White-fronted Goose... .. 250 350
171a 5938a Amer. White-fronted Goose 250 350
172 594 CanadaGoose _ ......-. 250 350
172a 594a Hutchin’s Goose __....... 250 350
172b 594¢c White-cheeked Goose 350 450
172c 5940 Cackling Goose __...........
1783) BOIS. TRE eee eeeecee 200 300
144596) Black Brant ee 300 400
[175] 597 BarnacleGoose _ ....... 300 350
176) 598) “Hmperor' Goose =a 10 00 15 00
177 599 Black-bellied Tree-duck...... 100 1%
178 600 Fulvous Tree-duck ..... 100 175
1179]586 Whooping Swan _.......... 8 00 1000
180 588 Whistling Swan...... 9 -..... 50 700
181 589 Trumpeter Swan 500 800
182 585 American Flamingo ...... 8 00 15 00
183 505 Roseate Spoonbill...... 200 700
TSE OILS SAH auhwey IOVS | pees nets 100 200
[1£5] 502 Scarlet Ibis 500 800
T6503 GLOSS ¥_ LbISHewn ee eee 250 3650
187 504 White-faced Glossy Ibis...... 250 350
iets} YOO) YRVOOGLINONS bk eee 200 400
LSS O Neato pe ree
190 497 American Bittern... ...... 100 1450
191 498° Weast Bittern= >... (510) 125)
191.1 Cory’s Least Bittern .....
192 486 Great White Heron 10 00 15 00
193 Ward’s Heron ......... 800 5900
194 487 Great Blue Heron ......... 200 300
[195] 488 Europ2an Blue Heron...... 200 250
196 489 American Egret......... 200 350
197 490 Snowy Heron......, ...... 200 350
198 491 Reddish Mgret ...... — -:-.:. 150 2:25,
199 492 Louisiana Heron ...... 50 1 25
900 498 Little Blue Heron...... — ...... 50) 125
201 494 Green Heron...... ...... 40 75
201a Frazar’s Green Heron __.......
2902 495 Black-crowned Night Heron 100 150
903 496 Yellow-crowned Night Heron150 250
204 582 Whooping Crane...... 8 00 18 00
905 584 Little Brown Crane ...... 400 600
906 583 Sandhill Crane ...... 400 600
Ore teksti Ababoayoyoba ee ceey | See 200 350
eh ek), RGhaveR RHUL ee)! tence LOOM i
209 Bel ain e? SiR cn!l bee aeeeeneneee
210 570 California Clapper Rail...... 100% 150
om 57 Clapperinail: jy) 754100
211a 571a Louisiana Clapper Rail...... 75 31 50
211¢ Caribbean Clapper Rail.........
Patil Scotti steal iin eee 100 150
912 572 Virginia Rail .......,. 30. = 60
[213]573 Spotted Crake.......... -..... 125 160
DAS FANS OLE ale eects hes ene see 20 40
215 575 Yellow Rail ....... . 200 350
S16 576) Black Rails 0) ssacseees 8300 5200
216.1576a Farallone Rail ...... — ......
(2a “ComniG@rakke ya yen te == 79 125
218 578 Purple Gallinule ~...... 75 150
219 579 Florida Gallinule...... 40
[220] EuropeanCoot _.......... 1 00
221 580 Amer'can Coot.......2 ...... B50
299 563 Red Phalakopem ates 2 00
223 564.Northern Phalarope __.... 1)
224 565 a Wilson’s Phalarope...... 50
225 566 American Avocet ...... S75)
226 567 Black-necked Stilt..__.. 100
[227] 594 European Woodcock...... 1500
228 525 American Woodcock _ ...... ris
[229]}526 European Snipe ._....... 1:00
230 526a Wilson’s Snipe......... 50
231) 527 Dowiltcher]se eee 60
232 527a Long-billed Dowitchevr...... 60
233 528 pe Sandpiper 75
D345 529 WKN Obese se cee ee oe oe 50
235 530 are a SAN Cpl Cree eee 40
236 531 Aleutian Sandpiper ..... 1%5
237 582 Prybilof Sandpiper -........
238 533 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 275
239 5384 Pectoral Sandpiper ...... 30
240 5386 White-rumped Sandpiper...... 50
241 537 Baird’s Sandpiper ...... 60
242 5388 Least Sandpiper......... 20
242.1 Long-toed Stint ......
[243i1}53 ON) Cea ira ese 100
248a 539a Red-packed Sandpipev......... 35
244 540 Curlew Sandpiper...-...- 100
[245] 542* Spoon-bill Sandpiper.........
246 541 Semipalmated Sandpiper 25
247 541a Western Sandpiper ......... vi)
DHS by) SehaveKerabhayes | eens career 35
249 543 Marbled Godwit — ...... 100
2044 se acific Godwitee ieee 3 00
251 545 Hudsonian Godwit......... 100
(252]'546 Black-tailedGodwit ...... 125
[253] 547 Green-shank — ........ 1 25
254 548 Greater Yellow-legs — ...... Pa)
Zonet 0) Vell OW-leg Sine eae 50
256 550 Solitary Sandpiper’ ...... 25
256a 550 Western Solitary Sandpiper 50
[257] 551 Green Sandpiper...... © --.... 1 25
Pits} Gays WANN ices Tee otek 7)
Qhea Doz) IWVIEStELMNVVGLe tin 0) nemees 15
259 5538 Wandering Tattler... 150
[2CO] S54 oa Uti Miya eae eee 125
261 555 Bartramian Sandpiper...... 50
262 556 Buff-breas:ed Sandpiper...... 50
263 557 Spotted Sandpiper... 20
264 558 Long-billedCurlew ......... 100
265 559 Hudsonian Curlew...... 100
266 560 Eskimo Curlew..... _..... 100
f eYaeA tao Niyawiranl onReN ee es 100
[268] 562 Bristle-thighed Curlew...._....
(269) D12-. alp wil oy eee eee 100
270 513 Black-bellied Plover...... vi)
[er Da Golden teloviersee ees 125
972 515 American Golden Plover...... 75
272a 515a Pacific Golden Plover......... 150
OSs BG) IRGC esl ech 30
974 517 Semipalmated Plover...... 25
ONts. yl} gh aver AVON WeVR 75
[276]519 Little Ring Plover...... 100
DG GVA) - Te rh owiaver TEMG ee 30
|] 277%a 520a Belted Piping Plover __.. 50
278 521 Snowy Plover bs 75
[279] Mongolian Plover © 2.
280 522 Wilson’s Plover....__... 3
281 523 Mountain Plover ...... 60
OXy4. Gils jemi Rl | hee WAY)
98357509) sun S CONG mee en renee 30
984 510 BlackTurnstone ...... 1 00
[285] 506% Oyster-catcher 3:3 1 25
286 507s © American Oyster-catcher..._. 100
286.1 'Frazar’s Oyster-catcher......
287 508% Black Oyster- -catcher...... 2 00
[288] 568 Mexican Jacana —...... 75
D89it420) SS BoOb=white rs enneeel mene 40
289a 480a Florida Bob-white......... 50
289b 480b Texan Bob-white 3 ......... 40
289¢ Cuban Bob-white...... 9 _..... 3 00
291 Masked Bob-white....__... 250
292 481 Mountain Partridge ey 00)
292a 481a Plumed Partridge......... 1 00
292b San Pedro Partridge.........
293 484 Scaled Partridge ......... 75
2938a, Chesunuly bellied Scaled Part-
Ot SRR Se *50
294 482 California Partridge ...... >50
294a Valley Partridge ....... 50
295 4838"Gambel’s Partridge = ...... 1:00
= CO Nm ee ee
SSx3s5 SSSRSS
§ S3xs
ld —
RSSSrssars
nonnwnnre
THE OOLOGIST.
296 485%Massena Partridge...... 250 500/358 418 Richardson’s Merlin...... 175
297 471Dusky Grouse... -.-.- 1,00\'200) [358.19 Merliny 99.850. 125
297a 471a Sooty Grouse... 100 200/359 419 Aplomado Falcon... ...... 3 50
297b 471b Richardson’s Grouse...... 300 400] 359.1422 Kestrel 0... 0... 100
298 472 CanadaGrouse..... — .....- 7 125) 360 420420a American Sparrow Hawk 25
299 472a Franklin’s Grouse ........ 100 250} 360a 420 Desert Sparrow Hawk...... 50
300 473 Ruffed Grouse......... 3e 75 1251 360b 420 St. Lucas Sparrow Hawk...
300a Canadian Ruffed Grouse ..... 100 1°25) [861] 421 Cuban Sparrow Hawk......
300b 473a Gray Ruffed Grouse......... _ 200 300) 362 423 Audubon’sCaracara ...... 100
300c 473b Oregon Rutfed Grouse...... 175 2251363 424 Guadalupe Caracara So
301 474 Willow Ptarmigan......... 150 175/364 425 American Osprey ... 2 00
301a Allen’s Ptarmigan —...... 365 394 American Barn Owl... 200
302 475 Rock Ptarmigan —......... 200 300) 366 395 American ouE cates Owl 50
302a Reinhardt’s Ptarmigan......... 367 396 Short-eared Owl.. ean 50
302b Nelson’s Ptarmigan . ...... 368 397 Barred Owl.. 7 50
302¢ Turner’s Ptarmigan......... 68a 397a Florida Bar red Owl... 75
303 Welch’s Ptarmigan......... 369 398 Spotted Owl. sae
304 476 White-tailed Ptarmigan...... 200 300/370 399 Great Gray Ome coos WY)
OSE A Mean OgeleMee oa) cl S-c.c 100 1 25 | [370a]399a Lapp Owl.... oie
305a 477 Attwater’s Prairie Hen ... 200 300)371 400 Richardson's Owl ye 2 00
BOG Ai peleabhy Hen) eo 10 00 1500] 372 401 Saw-whet Owl .. . 50
307 4%7a Lesser Prairie Hen......... 150 22513873 4n2 ScreechOwl...... .....- 50
308 478 Sharp-tailed Grouse ...... 100 125) 373a 402a Florida Screech Owl soso ILOD
308a 478a Columb. Sharp-tailed Grousel 00 150] 373b 402b Texan Screeh Owl ..... 50
308b Prairie Sharp-tailed Grouse 200 300 | 373c California Screech Owl...... 100
309 479 Sage Grouse ...... 150 300 | 373d 402d Kennicott’s Screech Owl.... 125
SIO). ZOE} \WyaulolM Mob eh(cn ate ie an eee 600 $00] 373e 402c Rocky Mountain Screech Owl! 50
310a 470 Mexican Turkey......... 600 800] 373f 403 Mexican Screech Owl.... 150
310b 470a Florida Wild Turkey...... 10 00 12 00 | 373g Aiken’s Screech Owl .......-
310c 470 Rio Grande Turkey...... 800 1000] 873h 402 MacFarlane’s Screech Owl
Stier oomi@hachalacay cs) 1. re: 50 100/374 404 Flammulated Screech Owl
312 456 Band-tailed Pigeon ........ 125 150/375 405 Great Horned Owl...... 200
3126 WViosca’s Pigeon _ ......... 200 300] 375a 405a Western Horned Owl.... 200
313 457 Red-billed Pigeon....... ...... 75 1251 875b 405b Arctic Horned Owl...... 6 00
314 458 White-crowned Pigeon... 150 300] 3875¢c 405¢ Dusky Horned Owl peek 4200)
315 459 Passenger Pigeon......... 200 400/376 406 Snowy Owl.... ...... 400
316 460 Mourning Dove _...... 2 50 | (877) 407a Hawk Owl _........ non Cha)
317 462 Zenaida Dove........) ...... 200 350) 377a 407 American Hawk Owl.. 2 00
318 463 White-fronted Dove ........ 60 125/378 408 Burrowing Owl (6)
319 464 White-winged Dove ...... 5) 100]|378a 408a Florida Burrowi ing Owl.... 2 00
320 455 Ground Dove __......... 30 «15 | 379 409 PygmyOwl ....... 150
320a 465 Mexican Ground Dove...... 50 100] 379a 409 California Pygmy Owl.... 150
evil AG) “Whaler eA DXoy yee ON eee aes 7 150 } 379.1 Hoskin’s Pygmy Owl 8 00
1322] 467 Key West Quail-Dove ...... 300 500(380 418 Ferruginous Pygmy Owl.... 1:00
322.1 Ruddy Quail-Dove......... 381 411 Elf Owl ; é 200
[323] 468 Blue-headed Quail Dove...... 382 392 Carolina Par oquet 5064 Bail)
324 453 California Vulture......... (383]389 Ani.. sive 150
325 454 Turkey Vulture... ...... 2007250] 384 390 Gr oove-billed Ani 2006 40
326 455 Black Vulture — ........ 200 3% 50] 3885 383 Road-runner noe 50
327 42H Swallow-tailed Kite ...... 250 400/386 3886 Mangrove Cuckoo... 150
328 427 White-tailed Kite......... 7 150] 386a 386 Maynard's Cuckoo sacs 2100
329 428 Mississippi Kite ..... ... 250-3 50 | 887 387 Yellow-billed Cuckoo ... 30
330 429 Everglade Kite... ...... 400 600] 387a 387 California Cuckoo.... et 00
331 430 Marsh Hawk _ ......... 40 250)388 388 Black-billed Cuckoo.... 30
332 432 Sharp-shinned Hawk ...... 40 75 | [889] 884 Coppery-tailed Trogon...... 200
333 431 Cooper’sHawk _....... ae 40 100/390 382 Belted Kingfisner...... 25
334 433 American Goshawk ...... 150 350)391 383 Texan Kingfisher ..... 75
334a 433a Western Goshawk......... 300 400/392 359 Ivory-billed Woodpecker 7 00
335 434 Harris’s Hawk......... .. 7 125) 393 360 Hairy WoodpeckKer...... 20
[336] 435 Kuropean Buzzard......... 150 200} 393a 260a Northern Hairy Woodpecker 20
337 4386 Red-tailed Hawk ......... 76 1,50 | 393b 360 Southern Hairy Woodpecker 20
337a 436a Krider’s Hawk.........00 -..... +8 393c 360b Harris’s Woodpecker.... 50
3370 436b Western Red-tail......... 100 . 150] 393d 360b Cabanis’s Woodpecker...... 40
387¢ 486¢ Saint Lucas Red-tail...... 394 361 Downy Woodpecker ARS 15
337d 438 Harlan’s Hawk.........00 9 ...... 300 5 00} 394a 361a Gairdner’s Woodpecker...... 30
339 439 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 100 175] 394b Bachelder’s Woodpecker.... 50
339a FloridaRed-shouldered Hwk,100 175|395 362 Red-cockaded Woodpecker 4)
339b 439a Red-bellied Hawk — ......... 200 300/396 363 Baird’s Woodpecker.... 20
340 440 Zone-tailed Hawk .... ... 200 40) | 396a 363a Saint Lucas Woodpecker: a5 1 C0)
341 441 Sennett’sWhite-tailed Hawk 100 200] 397 364 Nuttall’s Woodpecker.. 100
342 442 Swainson’s Hawk......... 100 150) 398 365 Arizona Woodpecker nooo JL GSM)
343 443 Broad-winged Hawk 100 150] 399 366 White-headead Woodpecker 100
[344] Short-tailed Hawk 2333} 400 367 Arctic Three-toed Woodp’ker 50
345 444 Mexican Black Hawk......... 400 500/401 368 Am. Three-toed Woodpecker 2 00
346 445 Mexican Goshawk......... 200 200] 401la Alaskan Three-toed W’dp’k’r
[347] Rough-legged Hawk......... 150 200] 401b 368a Alpine Three-toed Woodp’ker1 50
347a 447 Amer. Rough legged Hawk 100 200 ee 369 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.... 20
348 448 Ferruginous Rough-leg 200 300] 402a 369a Red-naped Sapsucker ... 50
349 449 Golden Eagle ......... 600 1000) 403 369b Red-breasted Sapsucker.... 75
(8501450 Harpy Eagle......... 600 12 00) 404 370 Williamson’s Sapsucker $1 00
[351] 452 Gray Sea Eagle feet 600 800/405 371 Pileated Woodpeckev...... 40)
Say) Gb lek nkol IDE ved yy Ce 300 800|406 375 Red-headed Woodpecker 25
353. 412 White Gyrfalcon F 10 00 1500} 407 377 Californian Woodpecker 35
354 412a Gray Gyrfalcon......... 10 00315 00 | 407a 37%7a Narrow-fronted Woodpecker 80
354a 412b Gyrfalcon........ © -........ 10 00 1500] 408 876 Lewis’s Woodpeckev...... 1b)
354b 412c Black Gyrfalcon ........ 10 00 1500] 409 372 Red-bellied Woodpecker 25
355 413 Prairie Falcon sent .. 100 200;)410 373 Golden-fronted Woodpecker 2
356 414 Duck Hawk......... 0 9 ...... 100 200/411 374 Gila Woodpecker...... ...... 4i5)
356a 414a Peale’s Falcon ...... GND Gyke) TIN ONey ee eae) ceoaks 25
3ot 41% Pigeon Mawk.... =... 40 100|413 3878b Red-shafted Flicker ....... 40
357a 417a Black Merlin 20... 2... 200 350| 41a Northwestern Flickev... .. 45
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222 ‘THE OOLOGIST. -
Gilded Flicker
Guadalupe Flicker......
Chueck-will’s-widow
W hip- poor -will
Stephen’s Whip-poor-will
Poor-will
Frosted Poor-will
Dusky Poor-will
419 356 Merrill’s Parauque.......
420 357 Nighthawk
420a 357a Western Nighthawk.........
420¢ 357b Florida Nighthawk
421 358 Texan Nighthawk......
422 Black Swift.......-
423 Chimney Swift
424 Vaux’s Swift
425 White-throated Swift......
425 334 Rivoli Hummingbird
47
428
429
429.1
430 337
431 338
431.1
432 339
433 340
434 341
486 343
437 344
438 345
346
439
440 347
348
41
AMA
(4421302
443 301
414
415
416
417
417a
418 35d
418a 355
418b 355
379
380
353
354
Violet-throated
bird
Costa’s Hummingbird sees
Anna’s Hummingbird
Floresi’Ss Humuningbird......
Broad-tailed Hummingbird
Rufous Hummingbird
Allen’s Hummingbird......
Calliope Hummingbird...
Lucifer Hummingbird
Reiffer’s Hummingbird.....
Buff-bellied Hummingbird
Xantus’s Hummingbird...
Xantus’s Becard
Fork-tailed Flycatcber........
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher
Kingbird......
Gray Kingbird
Couch’s Kingbird
Arkansas Kingbird......-....
Cassin’s Kingbird
Derby’s Flycatcher.........
Giraud’s Flycatcher
Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher
Crested Flycatcher.......:.
[450]309
451 310
452 312
453 311
4538a
45+ 313
454a 313 Nutting’s Elyeatcher.-....:-
Lawrence’s Flycatcher
Olivaceous Flycatcher......
Phoebe
Say’s Phoebe......
Black Phoebe
Olive-sided Flycatcher......
Coues’s Flycatcher......
Wood Pewee......
Western Wood Pewee ans
Large-billed Wood Pewee
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Western Flycatcher......
St. Lucas Flycatcher
Acadian Flycatcher.........
456 325 Little Flycatcher......
466a 325a Traill’s Flycatcher......
467, 326 Least Flycatcher Bb:
468 327 Hammond’s Flycatcher. Minas
469 328 Wright’s Flycatcher
469.1 Gray Flycatcher
[47]329 Fulvous Flycatcher wee
470a 329a Buff-breasted Flyc atcher
464 323
464.1
465 32°
471 330 Vermilion Flycatchev......
72 331 Beardless Flycatcher
472a Ridgway’soFlycatcher......
[473]299 Skylark.........
474 300 Horned Lark... -.
474a 3U0a Pallid Horned Lark
474b Prairie Horned Lark ......
474c Desert Horned Lark........
474d Texan Horned Lark ......
74e 300b Mexican Horned Lark......
474f Ruddy Horned Lark _ .......
474g Streaked Horned Lark
74h Scorched Horned Lark...
474i Dusky Horned Lark .....
474j Sonoran Horned Lark...
475 286 American Magpie...... ......
476 287 Yellow-billed Magpie......
49.289) SBC iadyieenns eee eee
Blue-throated Hummingbird 1
Ruby-throated Hummingbird
Black-chinned Hummingbird
Humming-
Broad-billed Hummingbird
Mexican Crested Flycatcher
Arizona Crested Flycatcher
Asb-throated Flycatcher......
90
aa
(S)
(j=)
ps
S
i=)
150
w
—
477 a Florida Blue Jay......
478 290 Steller’s Jay. ....
782 29)a Blue-fronted Jay
478b 290e Long-crested Jay......
478¢e 290b Black-headed Jay
79 291 Florida Jay.......-
480 292 Woodhouse’s Jay......
481 293 California Jay~.....
481a 298 Xantus’s Jay —.....
481b Belding’s Jay......
481.1 Santa Cruz Jay
482 295 Arizona Jay-.........
82 296 Green Jay......
484 297 Canada Jay
484a 297a Rocky Mountain J ay
484b 297b Alaskan Jay..
484¢c Labrador J ay
485 298 Oregon Jay
486 280 American Raven......
486a 280 Northern Raven ......
487 281 White-necked Raven
488 282 American Crow
488a 282a Florida Crow......
489 282b Northwest Crow .....
490 283 Fish Crow......... ess
491 284 Clarke’s Nutcracker ......
492 285 Pinon Jay.....-...
[493]279 Starling
494 257 Bobolink. ....
494a, Western Bobolink
AO) Pte) (Clomougol i a
495a 258a Dwarf Cowbird.__..
496 259 Red-eyed Cowbira......
497 260 Yellow-headed Blackbird
498 2*1 Red-winged Blackbird......
498a 261 Sonoran Red-wing......
498b 261 Bahaman Red-wing ......
499 261a Bicolored Blackbird... .....
500 262 Tricolored Blackbird
501 263 Meadowlark.........
50la 268a Mexican Meadowlark
5}OLb 264 Western Meadowlark........
[502]265 'Troupial.........
503 266 Audubon’s Oriole
268 Scott’s Oriole .....
269 Hooded Oriole...
506. 270
271
972 »
273
Orchard Oriole _....
Baltimore Oriole
Bullock's Oriole......
Rusty Blackbird
274 Brewer’s Blackbird
278 Purple Grackle
278a Florida Grackle.._...
278b Bronzed Grackle
275 Great-tailed Grackle
513 277 Boat-tailed Grackle.........
Alt 165 Evening Grosbeak
5l4a 165
515 165
Pine Grosbeak
(516]167 Cassin’s Bullfinch
517 168 Purple Finch...
517a 168a California Purple Finch......
518 169 Cassin’s Purple Finch
519 170 House Finch
519b 170a St. Lucas House Finch
520 i71
=21 172 American Crossbill.........
521a 172a Mexican Crossbill
522 173 White-winged Crossbill......
523 174 Aleutian Leucosticte......
524 175 Gray-crowned Leucosticte...
bose 175a Hepburn’s Leucosticte
25 176 Black Leucosticte. .
528 177 Brown-capped Leucosticte
527 178 Greenland Sto prea
527a 178a Hoary Redpoll...
528 179 Redpoll:.....-. SS
A28a 179a Holboell’s Redpoll
528b 179a Greater Redpoll
529 181
529a 181 Western Goldfinch..
5380 182 Arkansas Goldfinch
530a 182a Arizona Goldfinch......
580b 182b Mexican Goldfinch
531 183 Lawrence's Goldfinch
[532]184 Black-headed Goldfinch......
533 185 Pine Siskin-:--...-.
534 186 Snowflake
534a 186 Prybilof Snowflake......... '
535 McKay’s Snowflake
Western Hyening Grosbeak...
Guadalupe House Finch.._.. 4
American Goldfinch........ if
2 85
1% 1%
40 60.
40 60
40-60:
35 50
100 150
35 BO
7 100:
40 60
40 60
% 10)
100 200
100 150
125 200
200 300
200 300
200 300:
50 5
50 100
100 125
50 100:
100 150
75 100
35 50
1530
30 50
1b
20 35
40 50
25 40
15 95
50 100
75 100
30. 45
30 50
30 50:
50 75
25 40
100 200
4) 60
100 150:
30 50
40 60
20 30
20 50:
20 50
20 40
20 40
20 © 40
20 40
20 40
40 60
30 50
60 100
100 150
20 75
15
25 40
25 40
2 40
25 40
15 35
50 75
25 60
125 260
7 100
7 125
350 500
75 100
175 250
175 250
15 OD
12 200
75 100
10%
25 35.
30 40
100 150
40 50
75 125
15 25
295 35
50 75
800 10 00
PHk
187
188
189
Lapland Longspuv... .....
Sm th’s Longspur
Chestnut collared Longspur
199 McCown’s Longspuv........
197 Vesper Sparrow......
540a 197a Western Vesper Sparrow
540b 197a Oregon Vesper Sparrow
541 192 Ipswich Sparrow......
54’ 198 Sandwich Sparrow......
542a 193a Savanna Sparrow
F42b 193b Western Savanna Sparrow
542c 194 Bryant's Marsh Sparrow
548 194 Belding’s Marsh Sparrow
544 196 Large-billed Sparrow
544a 195 St. Lucas Sparrow’.....:..
545 191 Baird’s Sparrow
546 198 Grasshopper Sparrow 4
546a 198a West. Grasshopper Sparrow
547 199 Henslow’s Sparrow.
547a 199 West. Henslow’s Sparrow
548 200 Leconte’s Sparrow
549 201 Sharp-tailed Sparrow
549a 201a Nelson’s Sparrow
549b 201 AcadianSharp-tailedSparrow
550 202
5d0a 202
5p0b 202
Seaside Sparrow
Scott’s Seaside Sparrow
Texas Seaside Sparrow ...
551 203 Dusky Seaside Sparrow
552 204 Lark Sparrow......
5 a 204a Western Lark Sparrow
553 205 Harris’s Sparrow
554 206 White-crowned Sparrow
Roda 207a Intermediate Sparrow
5d4b 207 Gambel’s Sparrow......
557 «208 Golden-crowned Sparrow
558 209 White-throated Sparrow _...
559 210 Tree Sparrow
559a 210 Western Tree Sparrow ....
560 21! Chipping Sparrow .........
570a 2lla Western Chipping Sparrow
212 Clay-colored Sparrow
213. Brewer's Sparrow......
214 Field Sparrow......
Western Field Sparrow......
Worthen’s Sparrow . _
Black-chinned Sparrow. ..
W hite-winged Junco
Slete-colored Junco
Oregon Junco
Shuteldt’s Junco
Thurber’s Junco
Point Pinos Junco
Carolina Junco ...
Pink-sided Junco
Ridgway’s Junco.... _.
Gray-headed Junco
Arizona Junco
Red-backed Junco
Baird’s Junco Sept
Townsend’s Junco...:.....
Guadalupe Junco
d73 224 Black throated Sparrow
574 225 Bell’s Sparrow....-.
Dida 225a Sage Sparrow
A740 Gray Sage Sparrow. .......
d75 «6.226 «=Pine-woods Sparrow
575a 226a Bachman’s Sparrow
o”6 227 Arizona Sparrow |...
577 Mexican Sparrow ......
578 228 Cassin’s Sparrow
579 229 Rufous-winged Sparrow
580 230 Rufous-crowned Sparrow
58 a 280a Boucard’s Sparrow......
580b Rock Sparrow......
581 231 Song Sparrow
d81a 281a Desert Song Sparrow
581b 231a Mountain Song Sparrow
d81c 231b Heermann’s Song Sparrow
581d 231c Samuel’s Song Sparrow......
58le 231d Rusty Seng Sparrow .......
581f 23le Sooty Song Sparrow
581g Brown’s Song Sparrow......
d8ih Santa Barbara Song Sparr.
58li San Clemente Song Sparr.
582 232 Aleutian Song Sparrow
583 234 Lincoln’s Sparrow
583a 2384 Forbush’s Sparrow
584 233 Swamp Sparrow
5685 235 Fox Sparrow .......
485a 235a Townsend's Sparr ow..
585b 235b Thick-billed Sparrow
561
562
AH3
568a
564
56d
5°6 216
567 217
d67a 218
567b 218
567¢ 218
567d
H567e 217
568 219
568.1
569 220
D70 222
570a 221
brat
D711
572 223
215
20
60
40
25
40)
25
30
10)
150
100
ri)
40)
10
20
20
20
30
15
15
25
15
20
ene
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OOLOGIST.
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LS
; 605
585c 285¢ Slate-colored Sparrow
586 236 Texas Sparrow
Gey Gaia MMonyneyeyy ok aes
587a 237a White-eyed Towhee
588 “38 Arctic Towhee
588a 238a Spurred Towhee
£88b 238b Oregon Towhee
589 238¢ Guadalupe Towhee
5:0 239 Green-ta lei Towhee
591 240 Canon Towhee ........
591a 240a St. Lucas Towhee
591b 240b Californian Towhee
592 241 Abert’s Towhee......
593 242 Cardinal... ..
498a 2424 Arizona Cardinal
593b 242a St. Lucas Cardinal
593¢ 242
£94 245
594a 243
594b 243
595 244
596 245
597 +46
59Ta 246
598 248
AYQ 249
600 250
600a 250
601 251
602 252
603 23
{603 1]
604 254
605 254
160
607 162
[607.1]
608 11
Gray-tailed Cardinal......
RexaniCarGinaleeen Vase
Avizona Pyrrhuloxia...._.._.
St. Lueas Pyrrhuloxia
Rose breasted Grosbeak
Black-headed Grosbeak
Blue:Grosheak ) | 225
Western Blue Grosbeak......
Indigo Bunting
Lazuli Bunting
Varied Bunting
Beautiful Bunting
Painted Bunting
Sharpe’s Seed-eater
GralsS qiniities en eens
Melodious Gre aseaie
DHickcissel .
LarkjBuntine) — Sse
Blue-headed Buphonia 8
Louisiana Tanager... -...
Gray’s Tanager
Scarlet Tanager . ...
609 163 Hepatic Tanager
610 164 Summer. Tanager
610a 164a Cooper’s Tanager
611 152 Purple Martin .
61la 152 Western Martina.
611.1 152aCuban Martin
612 153 Cliff Swallow .
(612.1)
6138 154 Barn Swallow
614 155 Tree Swallow..:.......
615 156 Violet-Green Swallow
(6'5.1] Bahaman Swallow......
616 157 Bank Swallow _....
617 158 Rough-winged Swallow
618 150 Bohemian Waxwi ing
619 151 Cedar Waxwing
620 26 Phainopepla......
621 148 Nortnern Shrike ._..
622 149 Loggerhead Shrike ...._._.
622a 149a White-rumped Shrike.......
622b 149a California Shrike | _.
623 1-7 Black-whiskered Vireo
624 135 Red-eyed Vireo.. Mean
625 4386 Yellow-green Vireo......
626 138 Philadelphia Vireo ne
627 139 189a Warbling: Vireo......
628 140 Yellow-throated Vireo....
629 41 Blue-headed Vireo. ....
629a 141a Cassin’s Vireo...
629b 141b Plumbeous Vireo.... ane
629e 141 Mountain Solitary Vireo....
680 142 Black-capped Vireo
631 143 White-eyed Vireo
631la Key West Vireo....
632 Hutton’s Vireo
632a Stephen’s Vireo ..
633 145 Bell’s Vireo....
633a 146 Least Vireo
634 147 Gray Vireo.
159 Bahama Honey Creeper..
74 74a Black and White Warbler
Prothonotary Warbler..
Swainson’s Warbler
Worm-eating Warbler....
Bachman’s Warbler ae
Blue-winged Warbler...
Golden-winged Warbler....
Lucy’s Warbler ae
Virginia’s Warbler
- Nashville Warbler
Calav-ras Warbler......
86 Orange-crowned Warbler....
86a Lutescent Warble.
144
CCR bo
ror
SSRSSSSusugs
THE OOLOGIST.
224
646b Dusky Warbler......
647 87 Tennessee Warbler .... 50
648 8&8 Parula Warbler.... Suns 15
649 89a Sennett’s Warbler.... lau)
650 90 Cape May Warbler dhs 50
651°. 92 Olive Warbler ..... Shae Lat)
652 93 Yellow Warbler mere 20
652a 93 Sonora Yellow War bler. 20
653 Mangrove Warbler...... 500
654 94 Black-throated Blue Warbler 20
655 95> Myrtle Warbler ...... 10
656 96 Audubon’s Warbler Petes. cu)
657 97 Magnolia Warbler ...... 20
658 98 Cerulean Warbler .. 50
659 99 Chestnut-sided Warbler.... 10
660 100 Bay-breasted Warbler...... 40
661 101 Black-poll Warbler.... sets 163
662 102 Blackburnian Warbler.... 20
663 103 Yellow-throated Warbler. . 40
66a 103a Sycamore Warbler...... AO
664 104 Grace’s Warbler _........ 2 00
665 105 Black-throated Gray Warbler 75
666 106 Golden-cheeked Warbler.... 400
667 107 Bl’k-throated Green Warbler 29
668 108 Townsend’s Warbler.... 1 50
669 109 Hermit Warbler.... soo LD
6°0 110 Kirtland’s Warbler.... 4 00
671 111 Pine Warbler...... Bae 15
672) listo eaAlmuiVWiarbleriwee va.) 30
672a 113a Yellow Palm Warbler.... 15
673 114 Prairie Warbler...... ay 20
Oe Ws Oxneialonveolsoedba 9 codon 15
675 116 Water-Thrush ..... Sho 20
675a 116a Grinnell’s Water- Thrush. stale add)
676 117 Louisiana Water-Thrush.... 45
677 119 Kentucky Watbler...... 50
678 118 Connecticut Warbler...... 50
679 120 Mourning Warbler...... 50
680 121 Macgillivray’s Warbler...... 50
681 122 Maryland Yellow-throat.. 15
681a 122 Western Yellow-throat...... 40
681b 122 Florida Yellow-throat....
682 Belding’s Yellow-throat.... 250
682.1 Mirador Yellow-throat....
683 123 Yellow-breasted Chat ..... 30
683a 123a Long-tailed Chat ..... 30
684 124 Hooded Warbler ...... 40
685 125 Wilson’s Warbler ...... 30
685a 125a Pileolated Warbler...... 30
686 127 Canadian Warbler Ha 20
687 128 American Redstart. .... 15
688 129 Painted Redstart eae 150
[689] 139 Red-bellied Redstart sooo Ih ED)
690 131 Red-faced Warbler Stade 1 50
[691}182 Red Warbler _....... 2°00
(692]133 Brasher’s Warbler tae 200
{693]134 Bell’s Warbler ....... 2 60
[694] 69 White Wagtail.... eee 50
(695) Swinhoe’s Wagtail......
696 70 Siberian Yellow Waste 60
697 71 American Pipit.. e 20
[698] 72 Meadow Pipit...... 50
[699] Red-throated Pipit ...... 150
700 %3 Sprague’s Pipit...... 500, 1 OW)
701 19 American Dipper ae 50
nove 10) Sage Thrasher... 7 -..-- 40
703. 11 Mockingbird sea seog 2)
74 12 Catbird Erie Wey ug Lame ee ciee 15
705 13 Brown Thrasher... ise 20
706 13aSennett’s Thr asher eae 20
707 +15 Curve-billed Thrasher...... 20
707a 15a Palmer’s Thrasher.... leo)
708 14a Bendire’s Thrasher...... 1450
709 14 St. Lucas Thrasher seus elsCl0)
710 16 California Thrasher.... 60
711 16a Leconte’s Thrasher ...... 150
712 17 Crissal Thrasher..... 6 100
M13 56 Cactus Wren.... ‘sane 40
14 57 St. LucasCactus Wren.... 125
(Sie oSe VOCE VWALG Taner nto 30
716 58a Guadalupe Rock Wren....
{717] 59 White-throated Wren.... 1500
TW1?a 59a Canon Wren.. at) 1 00
T17b 59 Dotted Canon Wren ..... 1 00
G18) (60M Carolinanwimenkr neers 30
718a 60b Florida Wren ...... 75
718b 60 Lomita Wren......
719 61 Bewick’s Wren.... Arseny reno)
9a 61a Vigor’s Wren dsc 45
719b 61b Baird’s Wren............- 45
720 62 Guadalupe Wren ......
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[764] 20
765 21
(OB) Telroybistey AWAKEN beanie 29
68a Parkman's Wren ree 2d
63a Western House Wren Bans tea
6h. Winter) Wren Sia (iene. 20
65a Western Winter Wren.. 40
66 Alaskan Wren...... 2 00
68 Short-billed Marsh Wren.. 6)
67 Long-biiled Marsh Wren ... 20
67a Tule Wren.. 30
Wor thington’ s Marsh Wren
Marian’s Marsh Wren...... 30
5) Brown Creeper...... sae 20
h2a Mexican Creeper. ...... 50
Ab Rocky Mountain Creeper.. 30)
55 California Creeper. . 30
51 White-breasted Nuthatch.. 20
5la Slender-billed Nuthatch.. 30
hl la. White-br’st’d Nuthatch
52 Red-breasted Nuthatch ..... 2d
53 Brown-headed Nuthatch.... 25
54 Pygmy Nuthatch ...... 25
54 White-naped Nuthatch
36 Tufted Titmouse..... Fas 20
Texan Tufted Titmouse... 20
37 Black-crested Titmouse.... 20
38| Plain Titmousey..) 7 22.2.2 30
38 Gray Titmouse a4 60
Ashy Titmouse...... PA yan? (13)
39 Bridled Titmouse ee 60
41 Chickadee eee aL)
41a Long-tailed Chickadee .... 40
41b Oregon Chickadee.. 50
42 Carolina Chickadee... . 25
Plumbeous Chickadee ..... (i)
43 Mexican Chickadee...... 1 00
40 Mountain Chickadee..... 60
44 Siberian Chickadee...... 400
45 Hudsonian Chickadee...... 30
Kowak Chickadee ..... 60
Columbian Chickadee....
45 Chestnut-backed Chickadee Yb)
46a Californian Chickadee.... 50
eB) WARSI ey 55 wisete 40
35 Pallid Wren-Tit Says 1 00
i eS | Gob A 25
47 Californian Bush-Tit..... 25
Grinda’s Bush-Tit Se 200,
48 Lead-colored Bush-Tit.. 25
Santa Rita Bush-Tit ..... 100
49 Lloyd’s Bush-Tit...... 80
Oi) “Wier Gims Sc) scet ban Meee 30
34 Kennicott’s Willow Warbler 3 00
33 Golden-crowned Kinglet.. 20
33a West. Gold.-crowned Kinglet 25
30 Ruby-crowned Hinglebst Monat 35
31 Dusky Kinglet.. 3 50
27 «=Blue-gray Gnatcatcher. 20
27 Western Gnatcatcher.
28 Plumbeous Gnatcatcher.... 40
29 Black-tailed Gnateatcher.... 50
25 Townsend’s Solitaire.... 40
1 Wood Thrush...... trae pete
Qe WhalsontsiinrwShva is eee 20
Willow Thrush .... sere 50
3 Gray -cheeked Thrush...... 20
3 Bicknell’s Thrush...... 50
4 Russet-backed Thrush.... 85
4a Olive-backed Thrush...... 20
5 Dwarf Hermit Thrush.... 30
5a Audubon’s Hermit Thrush 30
5b Hermit Thrush.... SHS 20
6 Red-winged Thrush...... 60
7. American Robin.... .:..-: 20
ja Western Robin Raga 30
8 St. Lucas Robin.. shop eHow)
9 Varied Thrush 60
Red- pe aeesie Bluethroat.... 1 00
Wheatar. oe 40
ey dawhevelopbXel ep aes Apes ee UCD)
Azure Bluebird NB isn 100
23 Western Bluebird...... es)
24 Mountain Bluebird ' .... 30
English Pheasant...... 100
Ring Pheasant .... 3 00
Green Pheasant Has 1 00
Silver Pheasant ... He OED)
Golden Pheasant sen 5 00
Black Grouse 200
European Goldfinch. . 40
English Sparrow....... 15
Eur opean Tree Sparrow.. 35
ee ae
BS ah
is
NE_
5)
Monthly.
VOL. XI. NO. 7.
eindaanansngeges~ )) \egpangagegeste 7
oe oe
ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1894.
> (OL0GISY. <
a
50c. per Year.
2
WHOLE No. 105
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ““Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. ‘Terms, cash with order.
“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
’
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘“‘Wants” and ‘“‘Exchanges’ only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
I HAVE many articles to trade for photo
Supplies, and camera, etc. JAMES ODELL,
JR., Austin, Texas.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets including
101, 207, 293a, 311, 313, 318, 319, 320a, 335, 362, 380,
387. 419, 421, 439, 410, etc., “etc. Send full list.
Raptores especially desired. THOMAS H.
JACKSON, West Chester, Penn.
TO EXCHANGE.—I have a Snare drum to
exchange for taxidermist’s instruments, or any
thing useful. Letters answered. MITCHILL
CHANEY, Pricetown, Highland Co., Ohio.
FOR SALE.—A fine solid silver open face
watch nearly new, cost $18. Will sell for $13
Cash or books equal value. Make offer. W. F.
WEBB, Gaines, N. Y.
I HAVE mounted birds, skins and four vol-
umes of the OOLOGIST to exchange for same or
books on Ornithology. C. W. CONREY. Box 1,
Knoxville, Iowa.
TO EXCHANGE.—About 90 first-class singles
for other eggs in sets. Terms easy. Corres-
pondence solicited. C. T. MUELLER, 406 Park
St., Milwaukee, Wis.
—
EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Those wishing to
exchange first-class sets with data for same
write at once, I also offer some Buff Cochin
Bantams to ex. for sets, ARTHUR V. CLIF-
TON, 232 S. Lumpkin St., Athens, Ga.
A RARE Sheet of Stamps. What am I
offered for a Sheet containg 100 ten cent (pale
blue) Confederate stamps of the general issue
of 1863. I want either cash, photographic sup-
plies, watch or Ruby lantern. No specimens.
JAMES ODELL, JR.,; Austin, Texas.
TO EXCHANGE.—Scroll saw outfit, 1 doz.
Brewster’s patent rein holders (fine sellers),
books of all kinds, by standard authors, 1 doz.
Family Rights for making ‘‘Eureka Labor
Saving Laundry Soap,” Formulas for making
the noted mineral waters and Van Stan's
Stratena, for corals, minerals and Indian relics.
FRANK M. HEWLETT, Dresden, Yates Co.,
- Y¥.
HAWKS and Owls Eggs in sets for cash, or-
exchange for eggs or skins. Lists from ad-
vanced collectors solicited. My list sent to all.
A. W. CANNED, 72 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Til.
FOR EXCHANGE.—1 Scovill Camera 4144x
54% complete, with tripod. For 4x5 Hand Cam-
era or breech loading shot gun. C.K, PHILP,
Port Hope, Ont.
TO EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of two
hundred and fifty postage Stamps, valued at
from one to ten cents each. H. C. ALLEN,
159 Pennsylvania Ave., Newark, N. J.
UNUSED Confederate Stamps for back num-
bers of journals, papers and also books on
photography. JAMES ODELL, JR., Austin,
Texas.
RARE EGGS.—I have secured the collection
of eggs from a large museum recently sold out
at auction. A part ofthese I will sell, can offer
Eagles, Owls, Hawks, Cranes, Storks and hun-
dreds more very cheap. Send stamp for list.
ce fe LITTLE, 225 Market St., San Francisco,
al.
WHAT can you offer for an ‘American Chal-
lenge Bicycle? Fifty inch gear. Direct spokes.
Original value $90. ROBERT MAXWELL,
Lock Box 1961, South Bend, Ind.
‘TO EXCHANGE.—Fineiy prepared sets with
complete data. Many with nests. Reliable
collectors please send lists. J. WARREN
JACOBS. Waynesburg, Pa,
WANTED.—W. Raine’s, Bird Nesting in
North-west Canada. Will give good exchange
in rare eggs. CHESTER IRVINE, George-
town, Texas.
$10 Worth of first-class desirable sets 428,
494, 727, etc., for Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Man--
ual, Cabinet or supplies. MILLARD VAN
WAGNER, Gretna, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets or
Singles, send list and receive mine, also $4.50
Quackenbush air rifle in good condition, for
best offer. M. H. GREENE, Locust, N. J.
226
TO EXCHANGE.—For complete volume of
Ornithologist and Oologist, or Auk: Birds
Michigan; Birds Minnesota; Mammals Minne-
sota. Write for list. WM. H. FISHER, 14 W.
North Ave., Baltimore, Md.
FOR SALE.—A collection Of first-class skins,
mostly made by Worthington, and eggs with
data, singly or entire. Send for list. H. L.
BALLOWE, Diamond, La.
BARGAINS in sets with full data.Black Vul-
ture 1%. 40c. per egg; Painted Bunting %4, 6c,
per egg; Orchard Oriole 1-5, 3c. per egg. Hn-
close 5c. for postage for orders under 50c,
. HERBERT STERZING, Austin, Texas.
FOR SALE.—Registered Berkshire pigs $20
per pair not akin. Will exchange a pair for
best offer high value Columbian stamps. GEO.
STAPLIN, JR., Mannsville, Jeff. Co., N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—-Geological Survey of Ohio
Vol. IV; Zoology, containing description of
Birds of Ohio for best offer of eggsin sets. W.
C. MILLS, Mt. Vernon, Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE.—First class single eggs for
a good six or eight in. Caliper, Davie’s Nests
and Eggs, or other standard Ornithological
works, or Showy shells. Send for lists. O. A.
PFEIFFER, San Antonio, Texas.
TO EXCHANGE.—For every 25 cent piece
coined before 1874, 1 will give four different
Foreign coins, or two United States Liberty
cents, dated prior to 1815. O. J. SWANDER,
Kenton, Hardin Co., Ohio.
TO EXCHANGE.—Sets of Black-chinned
Hummingbird,with data and nest.for first-class
sets from Eastern States. Address, C. A.
THOMAS, North Pasadena, Calif.
SAY !—For 30 days I will print 100 letter-heads
and 100 envelopes for only 75 cents. Send
stamp for samples. Order quick. W. W.
LOOMIS, Clermont, Iowa.
FIRST-CLASS eggs aud novels to cxchange
fOr Cees with data. W.A. STRONG, Tulare,
al.
FOR FIVE DOLLARS worth sets, standard
data, or small bore single gun, will give 45
numbers ‘‘Popular Science,’ over 7000 pages
natural history, chemistry, ete. OTTO
GRADY, Ludlow, Ky,
EXCHANGHE.—New double barrel {shot gun,
all improvements, 12 gauge, for first-class eggs
in sets. Correspondence solicited. GEORGE
WALL, Silver Creek, N.Y.
PARTIES having sets or skins of Starling
Thrush and Cuckoo families. to sellor ex-
change, send list with prices. Correspondence
invited. W.E. MULLIKEN, 527 So, Laf. St.,
Grand Rapids, Mich.
I WILL GIVE $12 worth of sets fora good
second-hand Smith & Wesson Double Action
32 cal. Revolver. Parties having same for ex-
change write me for list of eggs. Must be in
ood order. Write immediately. R.N. WIL-
IAMS, JR., Tallahassee, Fla.
WANTED! WANTED!!! WANTED!!! Every-
body to send a stamp for our price list and cir-
cular of our prize winners. Buff and Brown
Leghorn Chickens, Rabbits and Guinea Pigs of
all varieties, also 1 Pug dog 11months old. He
is a beauty. We will sell Cheap. Satisfaction
Suaranveed: Address, REICH BROS., Salem,
THE OOLOGIST.
SETS AND SINGLES of Nos. 191, 218, 373,.
751; Skins of 218, 208. 513; set of minerals, for-
skins, ornithological books. H. L.BALLOWE,
Diamond, La. fy
TO EXCHANGE.—For best offer of first-class
eggs in sets, by August 1, a pair of live Great.
Horned Owls in full plumage. E.B.SCHRAGE,
Pontiac, Mich.
GRANT’S MEMOIRS, Cyclopedia Natural
History and other new books. cloth bound. Egg
Calipers, Fountain Pen, Chautauqua Mineral
Collection and eggs, to exchange for first-class
sets, Indian Relics and Curios. Send list and
receive mine. WALTER A. LOVETT, Ox-
ford, Mass.
WANTED.—A Safety bicycle. Have to offer-
$300 worth of Mounted Birds and Mammals.
$10 worth of stamps, a few eggs, Ornithological
papers, and, possibly, some cash. Also want
Microscope, Surgical instruments and E flat.
alto horn. All letters answered. FRED 5S.
HAGGART, Chagrin Falls, Ohio.
THE JULY number of the The Naturalist is
unusually interesting and is also profusely
illustrated. Among them is an article on the
Golden Eagle. illustrated by a fine half-tone;
a half-tone of Flamingoes and Nests;a Taxider-
mists’ Camp: etc. etc. Send 5 cents for sample
copy. HERBERT STERZING, Austin, Texas.
FOR SALE or exchange. Cedar boat 14 ft. ~
long. 87 inches wide, 11 deep, with nickle oar-
locks, four, 7 foot cedar spoon oars, weight 60
pounds, cost #8 in New York, almost good as
new. Also Auto-harp,largest size (No. 6). with
alot of music. Will sell either or exchange-
for 12ga. hammerless shot gun. All answered.
L. B. BOOKER, Pembina, N. Dak.
WANTED.—A Galvanic or Farade Battery,
strong enough for all medical purposes. Must
bein Al condition. Send full description.
Can offer Birds eggs, shells, corals, minerals,
or anything in the Natural History Line.
FRED D. SNYDER. Barre Center, N. Y.
FOR SALBE.—An extremely ornamental and
substantial Oaken Egg Cabinet, 62 inches high,
2 inches wide, 30inches deep. 18 drawers of
graduating depths, heavy glass doors, brass
hinges. hinge plates, drawer pulls, and etc.
Will hold 1000 sets of eggs. Portable walnut
strips for every drawer accompany it. Would
answer equally well for Collection of Etchings,
Coins or Silverware. The handsomist Cabinet
in the Country. Cash $185. Price now $100.
Address, RIDLEY PARK FERNERIES, Rid-
ley Park, Pa.
UNUSED Confederate Stamps. These
stamps are new and uncancelled, and as I have:
only a few hundred left, you must write quick.
Those collectors not having these stamps in
their collection, now’s your chance. All of 1863
general issue. 2c rose at 16c; 10c pale blue at
6c; 20c green at5c. All stamps sent postpaid.
Two of each for 50c. postpaid. Address, JAS.
ODELL, JR., Austin, Texas.
CRYSTALS.—Recently returned from an ex-
tended tour of the Southern States. I can
offer collectors and dealers, cheap, some bar--
gains in Minerals. Rare formsin North Caro-
lina Rock Crystals, inclusions of rutile, mica,
chlorite, water-drops, graphite, magnetite, red
clay, &c, manazite and zircon, and many oth-
ers. A few exchanges wanted with advanced
collectors. Collections sent on approval to-
responsible parties. E. H. HARN, Blairsyille,.
Pa.
THE OOLOGIST. 227
TO EXCHANGE.—Skins and eggs all Al with
-full data of this state for such as are not con-
tained in my collection. Send list and receive
“mine. PAUL BARSTCH, Burlington, Ia.
TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs of this locality for
-those of others. CHAS. HATCHER, Colum-
bia, Tenn.
WANTED.—The September, October, and
December numbers of the ‘‘Nidiologist.’’ Will
“pay cash or give good exchange in Bird Eggs.
‘C. B. JOHNSON, Red Wing, Minn.
I HAVE live Hawks and Owls. Coons, Squir-
rels and Crows to sell cheap or exchange for
Indian Relics. I have also Elk and Deer Ant-
ers to exchange for shot gun No. 12, breech
loader. C.J. FITH, Denver, Ind.
WILL SELL a fine collection of eggs dirt
‘cheap or will trade for high grade Bicycle.
Write for particulars. No postal cards. W.F.
LEWIS, No. 93 31st Street, Wheeling, W. Va.
“Tt gives me pleasure to say that from my
recent advertisement in your paper I have re-
-ceived nearly forty answers. In my mind the
OOLOGIST. as an advertising medium,surpasses
allother Magazines. May it live long and pros-
per is the wish of F, I. ATHERTON, Los Gatos,
Cala.”
LARGE ASSORTMENT of scientific birds’
‘skins and sets of eggs with data, also books, to
exchange for eggs and skins ;all are first-class in
every respect, and are correctly classified.
‘Correspondence invited. S. VAN RENSSEL-
AER, JR., 29 Broadway, N. Y. City.
I AM PLEASED to inform my many friends
and patrons that Babbitt’s new auxiliary bar-
‘rel or ‘‘tube’’ with extractor is now ready. The
extractor on tube is worked by extractor on
gun and ejects the shells to perfection without
removing tube from barrel of gun. Although
costing double the price of any extractor on the
market we shall sell as low as ths lowest.
Price $250. Send for circular. JAMES P.
BABBITT, Taunton, Mass.
WANTED.—Portable Forge; Goodell Turn-
ing Lathe; Colt’s Double or Single Action Re
volver, 38 cal. W. C. F.;7 x7 or 7x 9 Wall Tent;
Steel Traps, sizes 0, 1. 2,4; ‘Cyclone’? Mouse
‘Traps;Scbhuyler Rat and Mouse Traps; Aneroid
Barometer (altitude); Compound Microscope.
Have to exchange for above *“‘American Ram-
bler”’ Bicycle, combination, 24 im. front, 28 in.
rear wheels. 14 in., Cushion Tires, balls all
around; ‘Simplex’ Printer, 5x 8; Babbitt col-
lecting Tube. 38 cal. with Wad Cutter; Climb-
ing Irons, strapped (Lattin’s best); ‘‘New Rog-
‘ers’’ Seroll Saw; Flute, Key of D., Grenadilla
Wood, 8 german silver keys; Books on Orni-
thology, Oology, Travels, etc; Birds’ skins and
Eggs, and Mounted Birds. THAD. SURBER,
White Sulphur Springs. W. Va.
FOR SALE.—Minerals, Fossils, Curios, In-
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis-
consin rivers, Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and
Insects. The finest collection of Polished Coral
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish,Cameos,
Gems. Stones, etc. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor-
ris, Ll. Jy3t.
SECOND HAND BOOKS. Gray’s Structural
and Systematic Botany,31.50. Steeles’ Popular
Zoology, 300 pp., finely illustrated, $1.25.
Wood's Mammoth Natural History, 900 pp.,
hundreds illustrations, $3.00. White’s Natural
History, Selbourn, Wew, $2.50. Ornithologist
and Oologist, 89 and 90 in 1 vol,.fine $2,50. E.H,
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
WANTED.—Columbian stamps in exchange
for Indian Relics, rare and common sirgles
and sets, and specimens. For Sale.—Set of
Hooded Mergenser, 1-9. and other rare sets at
one-half list price. J. MINCHIN, Fleming,
Cayuga Co., N. Y.
WANTED.—U. S. Adhesives, Confederate or
rare Revenue, Department or Envelopes, for
cash or exchange. Also purchase any rare or
desirable Foreign. Send what you have regis-
tered with lowest price. W. F. WEBB,Gaines,
Orleans Co., N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. No. 420, 611, 549,
681, 550, 201, 212, 724, 683, 725 and others. Send
list and receive mine. W. E. TYLER, Lyme,
Conn.
TO EXCHANGE. - Foreign Columbian and
Old U. S. Stamps for Curiosities. Address,
CHAS. SIMMONS, No. 91 Peachtree Street,
Atlanta, Ga.
ARIZONA Cactus, 50c each prepaid. Apache
Indian Caskets, $1.50 each prepaid. P. M.
WILLIAMS, Justice Peace, Morecopa, Arizo-
na. ,
TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets and singles,
fine bird skins, and back vols. of OOLOGIST for
Hornaday’s Taxidermy, Ridgeway’s Manual,
Coues’ Key and good pair Opera Glasses.
BERT H. BAILEY, 594 1st Ave., Cedar Rapids,
Ta.
BARGAINS.—Sets 4 Acadian Flycatcher, 20c.
Sets 4 Killdeer, 30c. Sets 10 Bobuhile, 30c.
Send for list of unparalelled bargains. No
stamps. JAS. HILL, Box 125, Edinburg, Ill.
INTERESTING ARTICLES fill the pages of
the Nidiologist. The May number has four
large half-tone illustrations, and the following
articles are notable: Nesting of the Califor-
nia Poor-will, Bird Destruction Again (Olive
Thorne Miller’s views). Snow Eaters, The Lit-
tle Aukin Vermont, Feathered Butcher, The
Birds of Smith’s Island, Virginia, Bird Nest-
ing in Northwest Canada, The Western Yellow-
throat. &c. The ‘‘Purchasing Bureau,’ a new
idea, attracts. attention. Subscription price is
low at one dollar per year, including free ex-
change notice. Sample copy sent for ten cents.
Address, The Nidiologist, or H. R. Taylor, Ala-
meda, Calif., or subscriptions may be left, and
back numbers secured at New York Offie, Ross
Taylor, 150 Fifth Avenue.
~ SOMETHING WONDERFUL!
Is the extraordinary remedial power of the
Compound Oxygen Treatment as manifested in
the cure of disease and debility. If you will
know more of this great remedy, send for book
of 200 pages, free. Home or Office Treatment. ©
Consultation Free.
DRS. STARKEY & PALEN,
1529 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa.
STONE
INDIAN RELICS!
cents expense tO see a variety from Many States
I pay postage one way on arrow and spear
points. LARGEST Stock, LARGEST VARIETY,
AND FINEST IN THE WEsT. Buckskin Relics.
Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates,
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp.
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES-
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D.
=
a iil om ies
ean
228
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the jirst day of August.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and
mail tous. Number the articles in the
-order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes hav-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
No agents. We sell from
catalogue at Whoilece
sale Prices. Ship for
examination before
sale. Ours at $44 same
as agents sell for $75, ours at $55 same as agents sell
for $100, ours at$80 wood-rims, 25]bs., sume as any
12 styles $16 to $80.
$125 wheel.
ACME ROADSTER $55
Guaranteed same as agents sell for $75 to £100.
ACME ROAD RACER, 25 lbs. COV
WOOD-RIMS, $80,
Perfect lines, perfect steering, perfect adjustment.
Guaranteed same as agents sell for $125 and $135.
Written warranty with every machine Every time
you buy a bicycle through an agent you pay $30 to $50
more than our wholesale price for same quality.
It costs about as much to sell bicyeles through
agents and dealers asit does to make them. Le}
prudence and economy suggest the better way an~
buy from us direct at wholesale price?
Illustrated Catalogue free.
Acme Cycle Company-
ELKHART, IND.
Pocket
TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘curs.
Pistols, Gun Cases, Shooting Shot Shells; also
Snot Car. OBECIMEN HUNTERS,
tridges for
All kinds, all prices from $1.99 to $25.00. List
free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list.
JAMES H. JOHNSTON,
PITTSBURG, PA.
When answering advertisements
always mention the ““OOLOGIST,”’’
THE OOLOGIST
Davie's Nests and Eggs
OF
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D.
and W. Otto Emerson.
This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
The breeding range of each species Ils given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in former editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
iven.
2 Aninvaluable book asan aid for the identiii-
eatlen of specimens to all those collecting in the
fleld,
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
F. A. Lattin & Co., Albion, N.Y.
Figures of Importance.
Examine the number following your
name on the wrapper of this O6LOGIST.
This number denotes the time when
your subscription expires or has expir-
ed
56 signifies your subscription expired June, 1890
62 S ID exon
68 i ef zi sf June, 1891
Tf st i a a Deca
80 ‘ Sj op June, 1892
86 ee oe oe ia Dec. oe
92 us tee or OH June, 1893
98 oe ee be oe Dec. oe
104‘ oe a Ma June 1894
TG 92 te “sg Willexpire Dec. “
We are desirous of straightening our
subseription books at once and trust
our subseribers will send in their sub-
scriptions for ’94 including all arrear-
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this
are as follows:
+56" —$2.95, '62”.—$2,00. ‘‘68"—$1.75. “74—$1,50
“30"—$1,95, ‘86"—$1.00. “92"—75e. ‘98. —50e.
Should you desire to discontinue
your subscription to the O6LOGIsT your
indebtedness to us is 20 cents less than
the above amount. The figures are
according to our books June 20, 1894,
and many renewals received since that
date have been eredited on our books,
but not on the wrapper.
THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI. NO. 7.
Dove Life in Arizona.
The winter and spring of 1893 I spent
in Phenix, Arizona, and as I was my-
self greatly interested in the birds to be
ffound there, and knowing that at least
‘one species does not come under the
motice of many of the veaders of the
'‘O6LOGIsST, I have thought a few of my
observations might be of interest.
It must be understood, that although
originally the country about Phoenix
was a desert without vegetation, except
the usual cacti and stunted desert trees,
the application of the irrigation system
has reclaimed several hundred thousand
acres of fine land, which are now green
‘with grain and alfalfa, and support
numberless herds of fine cattle.
Along the ditches which cross and re-
‘eross the country, carrying the life
‘sustaining irrigation, have been plant-
ed rows of cottonwood and willow
trees. now of considerable size, and
these fnrnish resting places and nest-
ing places for many birds which would
mot otherwise be found in that region.
Of the Doves, probably the first in
point of numbers is the well known
Mourning Dove; indeed they actually
swarm everywhere from the city streets
to the outskirts of the irrigated lands.
building their nests in all kinds of
places, often on the ground. Ina
‘smal! patch of mesquite trees, which a
friend-and I were exploring one day in
May for other nests, they were so plen-
tiful that we flushed them from their
nests at nearly every step, not a little
to our annoyance as the noise they made,
together with the suddenness of their
movements Was very distracting to our
attention, and prevented our hearing
the movements of other birds. As the
bird is so well known I will only add
ithat the first eggs were seen on March
ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1894.
VHOLE No. 105
5th and well grown young on the 17th.
We now come to the Inca Dove, a
Dove so diminutive and familiar and
with such friendly and trusting ways,
that one feels at once a kindly interest
init. Itis essentially a bird of the gar-
den and cultivated districts and is most
often seen in the shade trees bordering
the streets and walking about in the
grass of lawns or in gardens, busily
picking up its food, and a'lowing a
person ‘to pass within a few feet with-
out showing the least alarm. In color
it is as dainty and as pleasiug as in its
habits. The general tint is nearly that
of the Mourning Dove, but each feather
being edged with a faint blackish line
of crescentic shape, gives it a peculiar
scaled appearance, hence the name of
Sealed Dove by which it is sometimes
known. But its crowning beauty lies
in the color of the lining of the wings
and inner edges of the quills, which are
of a rich mahogany, showing every
time the bird takes flight. The tail is
long in proportion to the bird’s length
and the outer feathers are much mark-
ed with white. The entire length is
about 8.00.
As the season for nesting approaches
the males get very pugnacious and
many are the combats they ' wage.
They also coo almost incessantly a note
of two syllables with a decided empha-
sis on each. It is rather loud and
hoarse, with a slightly querulous tone
observable. It is sometimes So unceas-
ing as to become quite disagreeable,
especially when a great number are to-
gether
I will describe a fight of which I was
an interested spectator and which was
uncommonly hot and long contested.
These two particular birds met in one
of their foraging expeditions, on the
edge of an irrigating ditch which, how-
~
%
230
ever, had no water in it at the time.
As preliminary to the affray, each com-
menced walking around the other, with
about two feet between them, with
ruftied neck and lowered head, moving
the same ludicrously after the manner
of the common cock. A few turns of
this sort and they suddenly changed
their tactics and approaching near,
each one elevated one of his beautiful
mahogany-lined wings perpendicularly
from his back, apparently as a shield,
and sailed in. Each heat was short but
plucky, both often rolling over and
over on the ground. As soon as they
separated each threw his wing straight
up again and renewed the attack. Dur-
ing one of these clinches both rolled to
the bottom ofthe ditch, but were not
in the least disturbed, nor did they take
any notice of me, although I was near
enough to reach them with my cane.
After several minutes of this, one of
them seemed to have had enough, and
although he would not fly away, began
to avoid the onsets. The victor, much
inflated with his success, strutted about
with bill filled with feathers, of which
a goodly number were lost during the
tussles. The incessant flashing of their
bright wings during the entire time
was indeed a pretty sight.
Another habit of these birds, which I
observed, was very interesting. After
mating, a pair would approach each
other. sidewise. place their bills to-
gether, then each would turn outward-
ly, describe a small circle, and put their
bills together again, their heads point-
ed as at first. This would be kept up
for several minutes with the regularity
and precision of a dance.
The nest of this Dove is placed in
shade trees, in gardens and along side-
walks, usually at a moderate elevation,
and being slight, occupies but a short
time in building.
Both birds work at it, one, presuma-
bly the female, remaining at the nest,
while the other brings the material,
THE OOLOGIST.
which he seldom goes far to obtain.
Dry grass stems, very fine twigs and!
a few hairs are generally used.
When completed, the female imme-
diately deposits two pure white eggs;,
the ends of one, in all sets taken by me,
being more pointed than the ends of
the other. They average .80x.65. My
first set was taken on March 10, but.
half grown young were found on
March 5. As I continued to find sets.
up to the time of my leaving, about
June ist, I suppose several broods are-
raised.
I will now close with this Dove by
describing a tragedy in which one fig-
_ ured.
I was standing under some large:
cottonwoods, watching a Vermiliou
Flycatcher, who was working upon her
nest, when my attention was attracted _
by a scuffle which was going on ata.
short distance from me, and going
closer was not a little surprised to see
that a Shrike had seized a Dove by the
neck and was jerking and thrashing it
upon the ground most vigorously. I
attempted to rescue the victim, but too-
late, it being already dead. The Shrike
flew away and so I lost also the oppor-
tunity of seeing what he would have
done with so large a prey. I had never
known one to kill so large a bird.
The White-winged Dove was scarcely
seen during the winter but by April
they were more common and eggs.
were found in May and at the time I
left they were seen in large flocks, but.
the number of nests obtained did not
seem at all to compare with the num-
ber of birds.
are well known and I will only say that
Their cream colored eggs-
in that locality, cottonwoods and wil-
lows seemed to be their preferred nest-
ing sites. This Dove is a large and
quite handsome bird and its call is so-
norous and far reaching.
Harrop H. DopGE.
THE OOLOGIST. 231.
Notes From Audubon’s Biography.
Part II.
America being the native land of Au-
dubon, he tried to get his drawings en-
graved in the United States. Wilson’s
engraver, among others, gave it as his
Opinion that the drawings could never
be engraved. In New York other difti-
culties presented themselves, and he fi-
nally determined to go to Europe.
Great was the despondencey he felt as
he approached the shores of England.
He had not a single friend or acquain-
tance to whom he could go, although
he was the bearer of many letters of in-
troduction from eminent American
Statesmen. As he walked the streets of
Liverpool for the first time his heart
nearly failed him, for not a glance of
sympathy did he meet in two days of
wandering. But how soon was this
changed! The very first letter tender-
ed procured hima host of friends.
His drawings were publicly exhibited
and publicly praised. The first diffi-
culty was surmounted. The Rubicon
was crossed. Honors, which on appli-
cation being made through his friends,
. Philadelphia had refused, Liverpool
heaped upon him. ‘He left that empo-
rium of commerce, with many a_pass-
port and additional letter of introduc-
tion, bent upon a visit to fair Edina.
He arrived at Manchester, and his visit
was made very pleasing by the courtesy
and friendship of all whom he met.
Friends pressed and urged him to visit
the beautiful villages of Bakewell, Matt-
lock and Buxton. It was a trip of pure
enjoyment.
Audubon’s journey to Scotland was
performed along the northwestern
shores of England. He passed in view
of Lancaster Castle, and his way led
him through Carlisle. The principle
scientific and literary characters of the
ancient metropolis of Scotland received
him like a brothe:. The Royal Society,
The Wernerian Natural History Svwcie-
ty, The Society of Scottish Antiquaries,
the Society of Useful Arts,and the Scot-
tish Academy of Painting, Sculpture,
and Architecture, spontaneously and.
gratuitously enrolled him as a member.
In this capital commenced the publica-
tion of his Illustrations, and there it.
might have been accomplished had not
unexpected difficulties come in the way.
His engraver, Mr. W. H. Lizars, advis-
ed him to seek an artist in London, and
there after many fruitless inquiries he
became acquainted with Mr. Robert
Havell, Jr.,by whom his work was con-
cluded to his complete satisfaction.
Four years have passed. One vol-
ume of Audubon’s Illustrations, con-
taining one hundred plates, has been
placed before the public. Two objec-
tions were raised to the mode in which
the work was published: the great size
of the paper upon which the represen--
tations were made, and the length of
time necessary for their completion.
As to the size of the paper, which was
complained of by some, it could not be
avoided without giving up one of the
principal characteristics which Audu-
bon wished to give to it. Two of the
greatest authorities on Natural History,
—Swainson,the ornithologist, and Cuv-
ier, the center of zoological science at.
that time,—spoke with enthusiasm in
favor of this idea.
Soon after the engraving of his work.
was commenced Audubon bade adieu
to his Edinburgh friends, whose many
kindnesses were impressed indelibly~
upon his heart. The object of his jour-
ney was London. At Newcastle-upon-
Tyne he made his next halt, and here-
many, among whom was the venerable:
Bewick, treated him w'th a great deal.
of kindness and helped to swell his list
of subscribers. It was in this place
that as Wilson had done in America,
Audubon exhibited some engravings of
his work, together with the contents of
his portfolio. In speaking of this Au-
“282 THE OOLOGIST.
‘dubon says; ‘‘I cannot say that the em-
ployment was a pleasant one to me,
nor do I believe it was to him (meaning
Wilson,) but by means of it he at the
time acquired that fame of which I also
was desirous of obtaining a portion;and
knowing that should I be successful it
would greatly increase the happiness
of my wife and children, I waged war
‘against my feelings, and welcomed all,
who, from love of science, from taste,
or from generosity, manifested an inte-
rest in the ‘American Woodsman’ ”
Audubon continued the exhibition of
his drawings until he reached the skirts
of London. The next place he visited
-after leaving Newcastle-upon-Tyne was
York, where he formed the acquain-
‘tance of Mr. Phillips, who became an
eminent Professor of Geology soon af-
ter.
On Audubon’s second yisit to Man-
chester he obtained upwards of twenty
subscribers in one week, and made
some lasting friends. He continued
his journey through Chester, Birming-
ham, and Oxford, and passed in sight
-of the famous Castie of Windsor, and
reached London soon after.
Audubon had eighty-two letters of in-
‘troduction in his budget, and besides
these was the bearer of general letters
from Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson,
and other prominent American states-
men, to all our diplomatists and con-
suls in Europe. After a day spent in
sight-seeing he devoted the rest of his
time to visiting. From one great man’s
door to another he went, but what was
his snrprise and disapointment, when,
after wandering the greater part of
three days, early and late, he had not
found a single individual at home.
Wearied and despondent he fthought
his only chrnce of getting his letters de-
livered was to consign them to the post,
which he accordingly did, with the ex-
ception of one, which was addressed to
J. G. Children, Esq., British Museum.
To him Audubon went, and in shim
found a true friend. Mr. Children
pointed out to him his error in deposi-
ting his letters in the post-office. In
the course of a week afew of those to
whom his letters were addressed called
at Audubon’s rooms and left their
cards, and by degrees he became ac-
quainted with them. He also renewed
his acquaintance with Lord Stanley.
and became known to other noblemen.
Audubon was subsequently elected a
member of Linnzan and Zoological
Societies.
In the summer of 1828, Audubon with
his friend Swainson went to Paris,
where Audubon made the acquaintance
of the great zoologist, Baron Cuvier,
M. Lesson, and several other eminent
men, besides M. Redoute, a great mas-
ter of flower painting. While in Paris
they were treated with great kindness
and cordiality, and were gratified by
the readiness which the interesting
specimens in the great Museum of
France were submitted to their inspec-
tion. Through the influence of M. Re-
doute, Audubon was introduced to the
Duke of Orleans, who later became
King of France.
Fox vs. Crows.
A very interesting incident showing
the pugnacity of the common crow
(Corvus americanus) was recently re-
lated to me.
The gentleman who made the obser-
vation, and whose veracity can be de-
pended upon, told me that one after-
noon during the early part of last Novy-
ember he was out driving near Merion
Square, Philadelphia when his attention
was attracted by a large number ofcrows
that were in a cornfield. He at first
thought they were after the corn, which
had not yet been husked, but more
careful observation showed that the
object of attention and excitement
among the crows was not corn but a
common Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) that
THE OOLOGIST
was slowly moving up across the field,
on every side, beseiged by crows,
which attacted the fox most vigorously
from all directions. How the affair
ended, whether the fox escaped from
his feathered enemies, or succumbed in
the struggle for existence, I do not
know, as the party who informed me
was not sufficiently interested to follow
up and witness the end of the scene.
It is a wellknown fact that crows
frequently destroy young chickens, and
the eggs of both the domestic fowl and
wild birds, and I have known them to
- attact larger animals, but I think their
making war on foxes is something new.
W.E. RorzE.u, M. D.,
Norberth, Pa.
A Few Field Notes.
May 20, 1893.—The Green Heron is
notarare bird in this neighborhood.
While hunting for their eggs today, I
was successful enough to find two nests,
one containing eggs, and the other
young birds. The two nests were very
roughly made of sticks. They were
both situated in a small plum thicket,
about two yards from each other. I
climbed up to one and found three eggs
in the nest, and, looking across from
the tree in which I was in, into the
other nest, I saw thatit contained three
young birds about two days old. These
two nests had evidently been visited
before I reached them, for this bird
rarely ever lays less than five eggs.
May 21. I was successful enough to
find a nest of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo.
This bird is gradually becoming scarcer
in this neighborhood. The nest was
built without much material and con-
tained two fresh eggs. It was situated
in a beech tree about fifteen feet
from the ground. Going on a little
further through the grove of beech
trees, I find a nest of the Baltimore
Oriole high up ina sugarmaple. This
nest containedj four eggs partly incu-
) 233.
bated. This bird is not as common as.
its cousin, the Orchard Oriole.
May 22. To-day I went outand found
about two dozen Mocking-bird, Cat-
bird and Brown Thrush’s nests. Going
homeward I found a set of four of the
Wilson’s Thrush, incubation about two
thirds. This bird is becoming rare
here.
May 283. Found two nests. of
the American Crow. One nest con-
tained a set of five eggs, badly incubat-.
ed. The other nest contained four:
fresh eggs. One nest was placed in a
tall maple about thirty-five feet from
the ground. The other was in a cedar
about twenty feet from the ground.
The nest in the maple was almost twice
as large as the one in the cedar.
May 24. Climbed a dead oak
and was rewarded by getting a fine set
of the Turkey Vulture. ‘This bird is.
very common here, but itis very hard
to find its eggs. The two eggs that I |
found were placed in a slight indenta-
tion of a large limb. The eggs were
beautifully marked and were fresh.
May 25. Secured a fine set of
two of the Red-tailed Hawk. The nest .
was placed in the top of a very large
oak. It was about one hundred and
fifteen feet from the ground. The nest
was of an enormous size. It was very
rough on the outside, but as_ usual,
smooth on the inside, and had a few
oak leaves in it. One of the eggs was..
so heavily blotched that the ground color
could hardly be seen, and the egg itself
would hardly be recognized as a Red-.
tail’s, while the other egg hardly had a
speck on it.
May 26. Found two nests of the-
Field Sparrow to-day. This bird is.
common here as it is almost every-.
where. One nest had young ones in it,
while the other had only one egg. Go-.
-ing into an orchard, I found five nests.
of the Orchard Oriole. I took two.
plainly marked sets of four eggs each.
In a half dead willow I found a fresh.
234
set of five of the Bluebird. These eggs
were perfectly white.
May 27. Went after some very
common eggs to-day, namely, the
Bronzed Grackle. This hird is more
numerous than any we have, except
the English Sparrow. Going down
the bank of a creek, my first find is in
anelm. There where five nests in this
tree, out of which I took three fresh
sets, two of four, and one of five. This
tree was leaning very far over the
water, and if the creek had risen three
feet, two of the nests would have been
washed away. In four more elms I find
at least two dozen nests, but only take
-one more set. The nest from which this
set was taken, had hardly any more
material in it than a Mourning Dove's.
May 28. Found two nests with
fozr eggs each of the Bee Martin,
or King bird. Both sets were beauti-
fully marked, and were fresh. These
birds are very common here. Going
home through a little mark I find two
nests of the Red-wiuged Blackbird. The
nests were about four feet apart. Hach
contained a set of four eggs, which
were fresh.
May 29. Founda fresh set of seven
of the Red-headed Woodpecker. Going
a little farther from the tree, out of
which I got these eggs, I find a Flick-
er’s nest with two eggs init. In a ce-
dar tree, I find a set of fonr of the
Chipping Sparrow, and not ten feet
from this tree, a set of five of the
Meadowlark. Both sets were partly in-
cubated. Ina beech [I find a set of
the Blue Jay, also slightly incubated.
In a high sugar maple, I find a nest of
the Red-eyed Vireo containing two
eggs. Ina little patch of briars I find
a nest of the Towhee with one egg in it.
May 30. Today I found two sets of
the Cardinal each of four
eggs. Both sets were fresh. In a
Brown Thrush’s nest, out of which I
have taken a set of four, I find that a
Mourning Dove has taken up its head-
THE OOLOGIST
quarters. Her set of eggs are now in my
possession. In an old barn, I finda nest
of the Barn Swallow with two eggs. In
the chimney of an old deserted cabin,
I find a set of two of the Chimney Swift.
JoHN A. McEWEN, JR.,
Bell Buckle, Tenn.
Bell’s Vireo.
Bell’s Vireo, though not uncommon
in this locality of central Illinois, is
quite unkown except to the enthusias-
tic collector and the trained ornitholo-
gist. Its domicile is seldom harried by
prying small boys, and even the skill-
full collector must bend in humility
when he seeks intimate acquaintance
with this species by visiting it in its
haunts. It is no gadabout and peddler
of village gossip, but passes its days
contentedly warbling, literally, under
its own vine and figtree.
Like other vireos, it does not display
its best manners and warble its sweet-
est notes away from home among
strangers, but sings the most gayly
near the vines and bushes where hangs
its gossamer-covered home. Its sing-
ing in any particular vicinity is a pret-
ty certain index that its nest is con-
cealed in the neighboring tangle.
Pass its haunts daily and the chief
evidence of its existence is the short,
emphatic, vireo-like notes coming from
the bushes, a warble shorter than the
song of any of the vireos, uttered ner-
yously, with increasing force, pith, and
rapidity to the end. The singer him-
self is shy and avoids listeners. First
he is heard ahead of you, and you see
him flirt out from the foliage, quickly
turn, and dart among the leaves again,
uttering a “quit” or “quit that,” as he
sports with his spouse and chases her
through the shrubbery, both talking
earnestly and rapidly as they dart in
and out of the bushes. You gently
press forward, eager to identify and
observe the restless musicians, but now
fHE OOLOGIST.
they are behind you singing from the
‘tangle, and you only occasionally ob-
tain a glimpse of them flitting among
the stems and leaves. However, press
aside the bushes and crawl into the
tangle, crouching among brambles
which penetrate all the salient features
of your anatomy. Soon you will hear
the restless creatures warbling even
above your head. At first he sings
“quit, oh quit, now quit, why can’t you
hear?” in the manner above described,
and then perhaps he soliloquizes softly
to himself in a subdued, faraway tone,
barely audible to your attentive ear—a
‘song which entirely captivates you, and
you learn to love the shy, modest song-
ster.
Along the edge of the woods north of
my hometown, there was formerly a
thicket of wild plum trees, bordering a
small branch which flowed into the
reek some eighty rods beyond. The
thicket has now almost disappeared,
and on either side of the branch are
cultivated fields, but fringing the
branch are small bushes of hazel, plum,
alder, and wild grape vines. It was
there that my ears were first tuned to
the melody of Bell’s Vireo, and there I
first studied its habits. Forty rods
farther north along the same branch is
the remnant of the plum grove, inter-
spersed with volunteer bushes and
vines, forming :nother tangle where
this vireo sings and breeds unmolested,
except by such cranks as_ ourselves.
Across the creek, and extending forty
rods beyond, is a narrow, abandoned
road between two hedgerows, now
tangled almost impassable with bushes
and vines, amid which hang the tene-
ments of Bell’s and the White-eyed Vi-
reo, though the latter is the more
numerous in this haunt. But Bell’s
Vireo, though losing none of its shy-
ness, often makes its residence in more
public, though not more open, situa-
tions. Wild blackberry, hazel, and
alder bushes overhanging ditches along
235
roadsides are frequented, and its pecu-
liar, characteristic song greets the
passers-by, who are generally deaf and
blind to the rounds and sights ever in-
viting our attention.
The species begins to nest soon after
the middle of May. On May 19th, a
friend who was collecting with me,
found a nest of Bell’s Vireo containing
one egg, which we left until May 24th,
when we found four fresh eggs. ‘This
nest was suspended by the brim from
several twigs, two feet from the ground
on the outer side of wild plum bushes,
along a hedge crossing the little branch
previously mentioned. While nests of
most of the other Vireos are suspended
from two forking horizontal twigs, the
nest of this species often depends for
its support on more than two twigs.
The nest was well concealed by sur-
rounding leaves and bushes, and only
by pulling aside the stems, can the
structure usually be found, or else by
getting down where one can look
through the stems, unobstructed by
leaves. Like all the low-nesting
Vireos, Bell’s is very untidy about its
home, a characteristic of the site being
the amount of white excrement dropped
on the subjacent leaves, rendering the
premises ill-kept and filthy. The nest
itself, however, catches none of this
matter, and is kept fresh and clean.
Both male and female, being seldom
far away from their lowly home, are
jealous watchers of its privacy, and
strongly object to an examination by
intruders. When their nest is dis-
turbed, both birds utter a scolding
wren-like noise represented by the
sound of pa in the word pair, repeated
rapidly, more rapidly at times by the
female than one can count, and they
will fly quite near the observer in their
nervous efforts to protect their proper-
ty and embryonic family.
Seven nests, examined thus far this
season, show a similarity in location
and construction. One found on June
236 THE OOLOGIST.
4th was in a small clump of wild black-
berry bushes overhanging a small, dry
ditch along the road followed by the
village boys on their fishing trips. It
was the least concealed of all the nests
found, and soon was overtaken by self-
invited disaster, though I suspect that
Blue Jays were the guilty parties. The
nests are made largely of grayish hedge
bark fibres, among which are worked a
sort of bright clean soft husk in small
pieces, fine dried grass, bits of paper,
and pieces and threads of gossamer.
Outwardly, the nest generally presents
an unfinished appearance, the bark
fibres and pieces of husk being allowed
to hang loosely from the base and sides
of the nest. The lining is of fine dried
grass with here and there a round flat
flake of gossamer. The cavity 1s firmly
rounded and smoothly finished, averag-
ing one inch and five-eighths in diame-
ter, by one and one-half in depth.
We never found more than four eggs
in a nest, and that number appeared to
constitute a full set, the complement
being larger than the complements of
most of the other Vireos. Though
most observers report the Cowbird ‘as
imposing its eggs upon this species,
none of the nests examined by us con-
tained eggs of the parasite.
P. M. SILLoway,
Virden, Ill.
Nesting Habits of Richardson’s Merlin.
On May 5th, while out looking for
Hawks’ eggs, I came to a clump of
trees, one of which had a Hawk’s nest
in it. While rapping the trunk a small
Hawk flew sereeching from a tree on
my left. Thinking it might have a nest
near by I rapped the trunk of a small
poplar which had several woodpecker
holes in it, the Hawk meanwhile kick-
ing up a great disturbance overhead.
As nothing came from this tree, I tried
another, and at the first rap its mate
flew from the tree. On climbing up I
found a cavity in the top, where the
trunk had been broken off, and inside,
it, one egg considerably larger than
that of a Sparrow Hawk, and resem-
bling the Osprey’s cggs in my collec-
tion, in style of coloring. I left this.
egg resolving to visit the place again
on the Saturday following. (May 12.).
These birds were new to me, but I
was certain they must be Merlins. So
on the 12th, when I went again I took
my gun with me, intending to shoot.
one or both the birds, to make cer-
tain of their identity.
On climbing to the nest I found four
handsome eggs, which I took, and also.
shot the female bird, which I fully
identified. As these eggs were perfect-
ly fresh, I concluded that one was laid
every other day, and not daily, as I
think most birds do.
The cavity these eggs were in was.
‘about eight inches across, one and one-
half feet deep, and 22 feet from the
ground, in a black poplar. The birds.
were very bold, flying round my head
and perching on the tree within three
or four feet of me. The female was
considerably larger than the male, and
far bolder.
The eggs are very handsome and are
of two styles of coloration. Two are
heavily blotched all over the larger
half of the egg, while the other two are
spotted over the entire surface, the:
ground color being visible only at the
tip, the markings on the larger end are,
however, slightly heavier. They are.
buffy white ground color, blotched and
splashed with different shades of red-
dish brown and cinnamon. Sizes, 1.66.
1.25, 1.59X1.25, 1.60x1.24, 1.61x1.24.
As this is, without exception, the
handsomest clutch in my collection, I
am doubly proud of my find.
My first large Hawk’s nest this sea-
son was taken on May 2d, with almost.
fresh eggs, so I think these Merlin’s.
build just as early as the larger Hawks,
and fully a month earlier than the:
Sparrow Hawks.
THE OOLOGIST.
On May 19th, while on an island in
the river, 1] saw a female Merlin fly
from a large nest, from which I had
taken four eggs of the Rough-legged
Buzzard only ten days before, but was
very disappointed that I could not get
to the nest, as the floods in the moun-
tains made the river so high as to be
utterly impassable. _
J. E. HOUSEMAN,
Calgary, N. W. T.
Nesting Habits of the Passenger Pigeon.
By EUGENE PERICLES,
There are hundreds and perhaps
thousands of the younger readers of the
OéLoGiIsT who have never seen a Pas-
senger Pigeon alive. In fact there are
many who have never seen a skin or
stuffed specimen, for the species is so
rare now that very few of the younger
collectors have had an opportunity of
shooting a bird. And of the present
generation of odlogists, the ones who
have secured a set (one egg) are indeed
very few.
Many of the older ornithologists can
remember when the birds appeared
among us in myriads each season, and
were mercilessly and inconsiderately
trapped and shot whenever and where-
ever they appeared. I could fill a book
with the accounts of their butcheries,
and could easily cause astonishment in
my readers by telling of the immense
flocks which were seen a quarter of a
century ago. But wonderful as these
tales would appear, they would be as
nothing compared to the stories of the
earlier writers on birds in America.
The readers of the OdLOGIST may look
over the writings of Audubon and Wil-
son, if marvelous facts on the size of
the flocks of the wild pigeon are de-
sired.
No one can be surprised that the Pas-
senger Pigeon, Hctopistes migratorius,
Linn, has become so reduced in num-
237
bers, for the war waged upon them for
generations was so severe, that next to
total extermination was bound to fol-
low, unless the birds selected different
routes of migration, and quarters for
nesting far removed from the habita-
tions of man.
Of course we know that the net and
gun have been the principle means of
destruction, but it is almost fair to as-
sert that even with the net and gun
under proper restrictions, the Pigeon
would still be with us in hordes, both
spring and autumn. For many years
hunters (butchers) used to shoot the
birds regularly at their nesting places,
while the netters were also found near
at hand.
I have seen many birds taken by un-
sportsmanlike netters, for the market
during spring imigrations, and the pub-
lished accounts of the destruction by
netters is almost beyond belief. Doctor
Kirtland states that near Circleville,
Ohio, in 1850 there were taken in a sin-
gle net in one day 1285 live Pigeons.
The Passenger Pigeon was in the
habit of crossing the Ohio River by
March first in the spring migrations,
and I have noted the birds several
times in Michigan in February. But
this was not usually the case, for the
birds were not abundant generally be-
fore April first, although no set rule
could be laid down regarding their ap- |
pearance or departure either in spring
or fall. They usually came with a
mighty rush. Sometimes they did not.
appear, or at least only very sparingly.
Their nesting sites would remain the
same for years if the birds were uumol-
ested, but they generally had to change
every year or two, or as soon as the
roost was discovered by the despicable
market netter.
Where the mighty numbers went to
when they left for the South is not ac-
curately stated and of course this will
now never be know, but they were
238
found to continue in flocks in Virginia,
Kentucky and even Tennesee.
The birds possessed great powers of
flight as instanced by the account of an
early writer. He says that Pigeons
were shot in New York which still held
undigested rice in their stomachs. It is
reasoned that this rice could not have
been procurred nearer than the Caro-
linas, hence it will be seen, as the bird’s
digeston is rapid, that these migrants
must have made very fast time. But
this tale must be taken with some al-
lowance.
It would be agreeable to give your
readers accounts of some old-time Pig-
eon haunts, but space does not permit,
and moreover, most of your readers
prefer notes on nesting. Without giv-
ing notes on arrival and mating, we
will consider the nesting habits.
In the latter part of April or early
May the birds began nesting. The nest
building beginning as soon as the birds
had selected a woods for a rookery, the
scene was one of great activity. Birds
were flying in every direction in search
of twigs for their platform nests, and it
does seem that each pair was intent on
securing materials at a distance from
the structure. Many twigs were drop-
ped in flying or at the nest, and these
were never reclaimed by their bearers.
but were often picked up by other birds
from another part of the rookery. This
peculiarity in so many species of birds
in nest building, I could never under-
stand.
It takes a pair of Pigeons from four
to six days to complete a nest, and any
basket maker could do a hundred per
cent. better job with the same materials
in a couple of hours. In the nest of the
Pigeon, man could certainly give the
birds points for their benefit, for it is
one of the most shiftless structures
placed in trees that I have met with.
The nest is always composed of slen-
der dead twigs, so far as I have ob-
served, or ever learn from others, and
THE OOLOGIST.
in comparison, though smaller, much
resembles some of the Heron’s struct-
ures. In all nests that I have observed
the materials are so loosely put to-
gether that the egg or young bird can
be seen through the the latticed bottom.
In fact, it has been my custom to al-
ways thus examine the nests before
climbing the tree. .
The platform structures vary in diam-
eter from six to twelve inches or more,
differing in size according to the length
of the sticks, but generally are about
nine or ten inches across. An acquain-
tance of mine had tamed some wild
birds, which at last bred regularly in
captivity. These birds were well sup-
plied with an abundance of material
for their nests and always selected in
confinement such as described above,
and making a nest about nine inches in
diameter.
The breeding places selected are gen-
erally found in oak woods, but the
great nesting sites in Michigan were
often in timbered lands I am informed.
The height of the nest varies. It may
be as low as six feet or all of sixty-five
feet from the ground.
Passenger Pigeons are always gre-
garious when unmolested, and hun-
dreds of thousands sometimes breed in
a neighborhood at one time. It is im-
possible to say how many nests were
the most found in one tree, but there
are authenticated instances of ahundred.
One man, in whose veracity I rely, in-
forms me that he counted one hundred
and ten nests in one tree in Emmett coun-
ty, the Lower Peninsula. Still this may
not be correct, for we all know how
easy itis to be deceived in correctly
counting and keeping record of even
the branches of a tree, and when these
limbs are occupied by nests it is cer-
tainly doubly difficult, and the tenden-
cy to count the same nests twice is in-
creased.
The first nests that I found were in
large white oak trees at the edge of a
THE OOLOGIST.
pond. The date was May 17, 1873.
The nests were few in number and only
one nest ina tree. There was but a
single egg in a nest; in fact this is all I
have found at any time. The last nest
that I have met with south of the 43rd
parallel was 40 feet up in a tamarack
tree in a Swamp near the river, June 1,
1884. This nest was alone and would
not have been discovered had not the
bird flown to it. I have found several
instances of pairs of pigeons building
isolated nests, and cannot help but
think that if all birds had followed this
custom that the Pigeons would still be
with us in vast numbers.
As late as May 9, 1880 my lamented
friend, the late C. W. Gunn, found a
rookery in a cedar woods in Cheboygan
county. These nests contained a single
egg each and he secured about fifty
fresh eggs. He did not think their
number excessive as the netters were
killing the birds in every direction.
But now we can look upon such a trip
almost as a devastation because the
birds are so scarce.
In 1885 I met with the Pigeon on
Mackinac Island and have found a few
isolated flocks in the Lower Peninsula
since then, generally in the fall, but it
is safe to say that the birds will never
again appear in one-thousandth part of
the number of former years.
The place where the birds are nesting
are interesting spots to visit. Both
parents incubate and the scene is ani-
mated as the birds fly about in all di-
rections. However, as the bulk of the
birds must fly to quitea distance from
an immense rookery to find tood, it
necessarily follows that the main flocks
arrive and depart evening and morning.
Then the crush is often terrific and the
air is fairly alive with birds. The rush
of their thousands of wings makes a
mighty noise like the sound of a stiff
breeze through the trees. __
Often when the large flocks settle at
the roost the birds crowd so closely on
239
the slender limbs that they bend down
and sometimes crack, and the sound of
the dead branches falling from their
weight adds an additional likeness to a
storm. Sometimes the returning birds
will settle on a limb which holds nests
and then many eggs are dashed to the
grcund, and beneath the trees of a
rookery one may always find a lot of
smashed eggs.
' Later in the breeding season young
birds may be seen perched all over the
trees or on the ground, while big squabs
with pin feathers are seen in or rather
on the frail nests or lying dead or in-
jured on the ground. The frightful
destruction that is sure to accompany
the nesting of a rookery of Passenger
Pigeons is bound to attract the observ-
er’s eye. And we cannot but under-
stand how it is that these unprolific
birds with many natural enemies, in
addition to that unnatural enemy, man,
fail to increase. If the Pigeon deposit-
ed ten to twenty eggs like the Quail the
unequal battle of equal survival might
be kept up. But even this is to be
doubted if the bird continues to nest in
colonies.
Many ornithological writers have
written that the Wild Pigeon lays two
eggs as arule, but these men were eyvi-
dently not accurate observers, and pro-
bably took their records at second
hand. There is no doubt that two eggs
are quite often found in a nest,
and sometimes these eggs are
both fresh, or else equally ad-
vanced in incubation. But these in-
stances I think are evidence alone that
two females have deposited in the same
nest, a supposition which is not impro-
bable with a gregarious species.
That the Wild Pigeon may rear two
or three young in a season, I do not
doubt, and an old trapper and observer
has offered this theory to explain the
condition where there are found both
egg and young in the same nest, or
squabs of widely varied ages. He as-
240 THE OOLOGIST.
serts that when an egg is about ready
to hatch, that a second egg was depos-
ited in the nest, and that the squab as-
sisted in incubating the.egg when the
old birds were both away for food, and
that in time a third and last egg was
laid, so that three young were hatched
each season, if the birds are unmolest-
ed.
This peculiarity may exist with the
Pigeon, but Ican add nothing to fur-
ther it from my own observations, ex-
cept to record the finding an egg in the
nest with a half-grown bird—the only
instance in my experience. From
watching the ways of some captive
birds kept as stool pigeons, I am well
satisfied that two young are not rarely
hatched at some weeks apart, and they
do fairly well in confinement.
The young are fed by a process known
as regurgitation; the partially digested
contents of the old bird’s crops being
ejected into the mouths of the squabs.
The position of the nest varies great-
ly. Often the nests are well out on
slender branches and in dangerous po-
sitions considering the shiftlessness of
the structure. When arookery is vis-
ited, nests may be found in all manner
of situation.
built on small twigs next the body of
an oak tree, and at a height of only ten
feet, and again have seen nests forty
feet up in thick tamaracks.
The eggs do not vary much in size or
eolor. They are white, but without
the polish seen on the egg of the domes-
tic Pigeon. About one and a half by
one inch is the regulation size.
By reference to old price lists of near-
ly a quarter of a century ago I find that
the eggs where then listed 25 cents,
while it would be difficult to secure
good specimens at present at six times
the figure.
A Curious Freak.
One day in July, when passing
through a grove I discovered a small
I have found single nests —
stump well whitewashed, which caused
me to look morefclosely, and as I did
so, I saw a Flicker on one side of it. I
picked the bird up and{ found it was.
totally blind, I would think by the.
looks that the bird had been there sey-
eral days. It was a young bird, but.
could fly, had it dared to leave the
stump. Of couse I left the bird as I
knew the mother could take the best.
care of it. A..E. Kipp,
Mayville, N. Y.
Some Notes on the Habits of the Arkansas
Goldfinch.
The Arkansas Goldfineh, or Wild
Canary, is a resident with us all the
year. ‘They live on the seed of various.
weeds and thistles,* fruit buds and fruit
especially cherries.
They begin house-keeping in early
April; the female building the nest,
which is a beautiful little} structure; of
rope strand, weed fibres, horse-hair,.
feathers, string, spiders web, and cotton,.
in any suitable tree at a height of from
four to twenty feet.
Apr. 4, 1893, I found a pair of birds.
building a nest in a e¢yprus tree in our
yard. I hung some: pieces of cotton
around in the tree, and the female took
it all to line her nest. The nest con-
tained one egg Apr. 15 and four days:
later I collected a nice set of four eggs
from it. A friend of mine found a nest
of this species, built on a small ledge of
a pillar that supported the} top of the
front porch, on a house.
I found one nest, on the second
of June, 1893, in the upright crotch
of a small maple, four feet from the
ground, which contains five fresh eggs
and the broken shell of another.
The eggs are almost invariably four
in number, of a pale-greenish-blue col-
or.
The following nests have been found
this year, 18938. No.1Apr. 1. Nest
found on a small horizontalj limb of a
—— sl
THE OOLOGIST. 241
cyprus tree, 10 feet from the ground.
Four badly incubated eggs. No. 2.Apr.
11. Nest in a cypress tree, on the end
of a horizontal limb, 8 feet from the
ground. 4 fresh eggs. No.3. Apr. 16.
Nest in the brushy end ofa large limb of
a live oak tree, 15 feet up. This nest is
composed almost entirely of cob-webs.
4 fresh eggs. No.4. Apr.20. Nest
placed in a small pine tree, on the side
of aroad, 6feetup. 4 fresh eggs.
The average nest measures in diame-
ter, 2? x 1} inches, andin depth 2x1}
inches. %
Wma. L. ATKINSON,
Santa Clara, Cal.
<
The Language of Crows, and Other Notes.
Did you ever think of what jolly,
good natured fellows Crows are?
If not, just think of ita bit. In the
first place, they are fond of company
and are willing to practice self denial
for the benefit of their companions, as
is seen in the sentinel who sits on the
top rail of the fence and keeps guard,
while his companions feast on blue
grass, bulbs, worms and stray grains of
corn in the pastures or meadow.
Then the Crows are good talkers, (in
‘Crow language of course) and apparen-
tly many a joke passes among them as
they skim over the fields in flocks of
_ twenty to a hundred or two, in: wet and
windy weather. The vocabulary of the
Crow is probably as complete as that of
any American bird, of the Eastern states
at least. ‘The common fowl has per-
haps amore complete vocabulary, but
since it is an exotic and is domesticated
as well, it does not come under this
class. ‘The language of the Crow can
be learned with but little difficulty; and
to an ornithologist it is often conven-
ient, in order to tell what is going?on in
a neighboring woods.
The different notes of the Crow are
rather hard to put into words, as for
several notes, quite different to the ear,
the same spelling is required. Below
is given the vocabulary of thegCrow, as
correct as the author can make it, as he
has found it.
1. Krak, krak, krak, krak. [Sound
aasinall.| Short call note, used while
flying to and from roost.
2. Kree-ak, Kree-ak. [Sound a as in
last.| Loud notes uttered upon the
discovery of ‘a man witha gun,” in
woods. Uttered while flying about over
the woods, and used as a warning.
3. Hawk, hawk, crow-hawk, hawk,
etc. Notes uttered upon the discovery
of an Owl, and during said Owl’s per-
secution.
4. Hawk hawk hawk hawk. ¥ Notes
uttered usually in four’s, with great
rapidity, by Crows calling for reinforce-
ments to torment an Owl, uttered
while flying through or around a woods.
5. Hawk, hawk, hawk. The same
sound as No. 4, but uttered more leis-
urely. Ordinary call-note; not short as
No. 1 and uttered during short flights,
ordinary Crow business, and during the
large spring “camp meetings,’’ held in
open fields. This uttered more rapidly
but not so fast as No. 4, is the alarm
note given by a sentinel to a feeding
flock, to indicate that the time for flight
has come.
6. Ha-a-awk, ha-a-awk. [Sound a as
in all.| The call-note of Crows in flocks
in windy, wet weather; simply number
five prolonged, not harsh as in number
seven.
7. Kra-a-a-ak, [a as in last] and kra-
a-a-uk [aas add, u as but]. A harsh,
rattling croak, uttered while div-
ing at an Owl, and frequently heard
from Crows otherwise silent, during
the breeding season, and occasionally
at other times.
8. Crow hawk, crow hawk. The note
uttered by solitary Crows during the
autumn months. The first syllable of
the word is uttered in a very high pitch
for a Crow, the second much lower,
thus differing from No. 8, which is the
242 THE OOLOGIST.
same pitch throughout. This note im-
partsan uncomfortable feeling to the
human hearer, and is probably the
sound mentioned by Bryant in ‘‘The
Death of the Flowers,’’ where he says,
‘And from the wood-top calls the Crow
through all the gloomy day.”’
The notes of the young bird lam not
so familiar with, but should any or-
nithologist hear uttered in a rather flat
voice, during May or June, the follow-
ing, he may understand that a young
Crow is being fed
Ka-a, ka-a, ka wa wa wa wa wa, ka-a,
[aasinfar.] It is the voice of a young
Crow whose food isin sight, and the‘‘wa
wa” part occurs during the passage of
food down the young Crow’s throat.
These, so far as the writer knows, are
all the notes of the Crow having a de-
finite meaning. These can readily be
distinguished and understood after some
study and observation.
There is one use of Crows I have
never seen mentioned and that is their
value as ‘‘dogs’’ to an Owl hunter.
Here, where the Great Horned Owl is
not common, and is almost as hard to
shoot as a Crow is in winter, when a
hunter concludes to take an Owl hunt,
he finds the Crows to be valuable assis-
tants.
When he goes to the woods he endea-
vors to scare out an Owl. If he finds
one, as soon as it flies a band of Crows
see and fly after it. When the Owl
alights, part ef the Crows perch in the
tree, over him, while the rest go to
neighboring woods, after more Crows.
The hunter, learning of the position of
the Owl, by the Crows sitting above,
moves forward as cautiously as possible.
When heis nearly in range the Crows
silently leave, leaving the Ow] still sit-
ting in the tree.
Should the Owl see the sportsman be-
fore the latter isin range, and should
fly to the other end of the woods, the
Crows, their numbers now increased by
arrivals from other woods join in the
chase, now and then diving at him as
he flies, till he alights. Then the Crows
amuse themselves by diving with an
angry croak, and sailing reund and
round the tree occupied by his Owlship,
like a swarm of bumble bees, until they
see the hunter coming through the
leaves. Then they again silently de-
part. Some times the Crows gather in
such numbers that there will be four or
five hundred Crows after one or two
Owls.
I have noticed that several Great
Horned Owls captured after having
been worried by Crows, had the eyelids
swelled and filled vith blood. I sup-
pose the Crows were responsible for
this, but do not know. Does any one?
Before closing, I wish to impose upon
the readers of the most excellent OoLo-
GIST a ‘‘tame Crow story.”’
A friend had a tame Crow who had
learned to soften dry crumbs by soak-
ing them in water. One day he was
discovered standing by a cup of water,
in which he had put a box of tacks,
just opened. Upon being scolded for
‘this, he took the box out to the garden
and upset it. At another time, while
his owners were placing strawberry
runners, and putting clods upon them,
the Crow amused himself by pulling up
the runners as fast as they were placed,
and out of reach of the boys.
FALco.
Wilson’s Ornithological Club.
The Wilson’s Ornitholégical Club
was organized at San Benardino, Cal,
June 9, 1894. The following officers
were elected: President, Edward Wall,
San Bernardino; Vice-President, Wesley
Bead. Colton; Secretary, Arthur Whit-
ing, San Bernardino; Treasurer, E. D.
Palmer, San Bernardino.
The President writes us as follows:
‘‘Anyone wishing to join with us in
the study of our birds, their nests and
eggs, please send their address to the
President or Secretary.
We can promise corresponding mem-
bers all the advantages of resident
members.”’
THE OOLOGIST.
THE OOLocIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers.
' ALBION, N. Y.
FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB,
Editors.
Correspondence and items of interest to the
stugens of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
om all.
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@MTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CL4S* MATTER,
a
ee
Under recent date we received the
following item of interest from Chas.
C. Purdum, Wood’s Holl, Mass. ‘‘Yes-
terday I had the rare fortune to find in
on old cedar swamp, about two miles
from home, two sets of three each of
the Black throated Green Warbler,
(Dendroica virens,) I know of only
two other sets having been taken in
Barnstable Co., although I have
observed many of the birds.”’
243
H.R. Taylor, th® hustling editor and
publisher of the Nididlogist, is not of
the closet kind, but can be ranked with
the foremost of our active Field QOdlo-
gists. Among the ‘‘nice things” he col-
lected early in the present season, we
note thirteen eggs of the Golden Eagle
and a set of five White-tailed Kite.
Rev. P. B. Peabody, who is now Chap-
lain and Instructor in Greek, Latin and
Higher English at the Breck School,
Wilder. Minn., in a letter of recent
date, he writes: ‘You wlll be interest-
ed to know of my having taken, per-
sonally, April 7, at the famous Heron
Lake, six miles from here, a set of Can-
ada Goose.
Necrology.
During the past few months, through
the intervention of that grim power,
Death, we have been obliged to erase
the names of the following active col-
lectors and students from the subscrip-
tion books of the O6LOGIST.
Brill, Wm. B., Hempstead, L.I. NY.
Dodge, Harold H., Mentone, Calif.
Quincey, Edward, Boston, Mass., and
Isle on Haute, Maine.
Turner, Wm., St. Paul, Minn.
Accompanying the Mss., Dove Life in
Arizona, which appears in this issue of
the OOLOGIST; a relative writes as fol-
lows:
“The writer of the enclosed, [Harold
H. Dodge]. a subseriber and occasional
contributor to the O6LOGIST, has re-
cently passed to the higher life. He
was a devoted lover of Nature in every
form of her manifestation, and a short
time before his death he prepared, from
his notes, this article for your journal,
and I herewith send a copy for inser-
tion, should you desire to do so.”
244
Song of the *Thistle-bird.
I can think of no bird that has such
a light-hearted song as the American
Goldfinch, and yet it seems to carry
with it a sad feeling at the same time.
The bird seems to have had some
heavy sorrow that it is trying to get rid
of in song.
In its flight this same thought is also
suggested. It seems to dart upward
with a sudden determination to be hap-
py, and utters a joyous note, when it
falls on its wings as if its sorrow was
getting the best of its light heart, but
again taking courage it rises with an-
other happy note, and remembering it
was on a particular errand suddenly
turns and darts off to some thistle top
where it sits a minute rocking to and
fro in the breeze before setting to work
at it’s morning meal, or gathering the
downy thistle blows for the lining of
it’s dainty nest. WieS. Ji.
MAY CONTEST.
Seventy-three Judges.
1. Scenes from the Life of Alexan-
der Wilson, 389.
2. My Broadwings of ’92 and 793,
231.
3. A Collecting Trip in North Dako-
ta, 143.
4. A Pair of Bubos at Home, 141.
5. Wilson’s Snipe, 102.
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No. 47--R. P. Gillespie, Stark-
ville, Miss. Exact.
2. No 59—H. L. Heaton, Oberlin,
Kamnsi deena ioeia:
3. No. 52—Raymond C. Osburn,
Vanatta, Ohio, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4.
4. No 11—H. W. Kerr, Omaha, Neb.,
i, @ Ge Ae
5 No. 15—H. J. Giddings, Sabula,
l@neay i, @, by 4 By
The following Judges named the
winning articles in exactly the same
order as No’s 11 and 15—hence we
award each a fifth prize.
A No. 16—Millard Van Wagner, Gretna,
No. 36—W. A. Achilles, Austin, Tex.
No. 39—Hevey Smith, Smith’s Ferry,
Ohio.
THE OOLOGIST.
The following also named the win-
ning articles:
o. 1—E. Doolittle, Ohio.
2—J. G. Smith, N. Y.
10—R. McPherson, Mass.
19—J. F. Parkhurst. Ills.
23—F.H. Nutter, Minn.
24—C. Crosby, N. Y.
25—H. L. Bellowe, La.
30—A. H. W. Norton, Tex.
381—C. Irvine, Tex.
32—C. Luther, Ark.
383—A. H. Smith, N. Y.
38—J. E. Houseman, N: W. T.
50—O. J. Westcott, Ills.
60—C. B. Parker, Kaus.
62—F. Me Allister, Mich.
64—F. C. Beall, Tex.
66—J. M. Hatch, Calif.
All prizes were mailed on June 20.
Collecting for an Aquarium.
Collecting for an aquarium is great
sport. Equipped with baskets contain-
ing tin pails or preserve jars, a com-
pany sets out treasure-seeking. Old
clothes must be worn, since sea-water
will spoil new ones; and old shoes, for
salt water ruins leather, and it is neces-
sary to protect your feet from sharp
Shells and stones. A slip or two, or
even a tumble, amid the slippery, weed-
covered rocks, will not matter, but only
be provocative of fun and laughter. In
addition to your jars or pails, you must
be armed with an old table-knife, a
hammer, perhaps a chisel, and, neces-
sarily, with a dip-net made of mosquito
netting or some loosely woven material.
Children are the best collectors. They
have not the same instinctive dread of
wetting their feet or hands that older
people have. Extreme low tide is by
all odds the best time to go hunting.
“As soon as you reach the beach, wade
right in to your work; look under the
stones, scoop up with your net the sand
or mud from the bottom of the pools
left by the tide, examine every promis-
ing-looking bunch of sea-weed, and _ be-
fore the tide comes in you will have ma-
terial enough to stock forty aquariums.
When your hunt is over, sort your spec-
imens, discard all weak and sickly ani-
mals, and put the healthy ones in flat
earthenware dishes filled with sea-
water, where they can be examined at
leisure, and the proper ones taken out
and put into tin pails with perforated
lids, along with salt water and _ sea-
weeds, to be carried home for the aqua-
rium.”—From ‘‘Ocean Life in Inland
Seas;” Demorest’s Magazine for July.
THE OOLOGIST. 24
COING TO BUILD?
Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26
handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S
MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam (Malakka) In-
dia. Australia, Africa, etc.. correctly named
-at moderate prices. also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
STEAM COOKER FREE!
The Triumph Cooker with lock
#2 cover, will cook Meats, Fish. Veget-
? ables, Beans, Brown Bread, Fruit,
Custards, &c, without odor. Fits
any size stove. coal, wood, oil or gas.
Having’ iron base, it is better and
cheaper than a tin cooker, We send
one Cocker free with Agent’s first
order. Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart-
ford Hollow Ware Co., B. 673, Hartford, Conn.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a
speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
~ Send st on — I
for Price List. @unWorks, Pittsburgh, Pe
O agi
SE I N E NETS, TENTS, and
5
SPORTING GOODS.
Every description of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu-
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric-
es. We have something of interest to you.
Try what 10 Cents sent
Wonderiu PTS ee aes Sane
New Standard Catalogue
OF
North /\merican Birds Feggs
COMPILED BY
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire,
J. Parker Norris, Esq., and
the late Capt. B. F’. Goss.
It gives the Common and Scientific name of
every North American Bird according to the
A, O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O,
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the
value of eggs of nearly every species, Over one
hundred of which never appeared on any print-
ed list before.
It is not a personal catalogue of any one
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector
in the entire World who has or could furnish
all the species whose values are given, and
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.»
Price 35 cents per copy. - 3 copies for $1.00.
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y.
When answering advertisements
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”
ou
H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY,
COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in aj-
cohol. Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia,
Pa. Send for sample copy.
SEASHELLS, Coral, Minerals,
fa Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils,
y Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy,
Catalogue, 2c.-C. F. CARR, New
London, Wis.
WANTED. Something new
Full particulars. One man
made $27.40 inone day. One
lady made $22 in one day.
Address Lock Box 113 A. B. P. CO., South Bend
Indiana. Mention Ootogisr.
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG,
TAXIDERMIST,
AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN
Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds
and Animals.
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A.
BIRDS EGG
CURIES.
2¢STAMP FoR
Illustrated Catalog.
‘CHAS. K.R EE D,
262MainSt. WORCESTER .MASS.3
1) YY RY 1 YY YY YY YY
AN IDEAL FAMILY MEDICINE;
For Indigestion, Biliousness, - ~ K
Headache, Constipation, Bad =
Complexion, Offensive Breath,
and all disorders of the Stomach,
ane ae nohors
"'t:P*' A: N:S: T LES|
act gently yet Sorte Sac eaes Res =
digestion follows their use. Sold : |
by ante sists or sent by mail. Kant =
Price 50 cents a box. Address |
=RIPANS CHEMIOAL CO., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.2
SRR 0
R18 YY
Promptly se d. ‘Trade-Marks, Copyri hts
and Labels registered. Twenty-five voaanee
perience. We report whether patent can be
secured or not, free ofcharge. Our fee not due
until patent is allowed. $2page Book Free.
H. B. WILLSON & CO., Attorneys at Law,
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINCTON. D.C.
246 THE OOLOGIST.
ans 0r1d'S Fait BOOK stun
We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the
publishers of
THE MAGIC CITY
To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo-
GIST at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen
eonsecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo-
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S #£AIR and the
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W.
Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been ofter ed to the public.
They constitute a splendid series of
Over 300 Views
In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance,
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and
among wild and curious races of people.
“More than $50,000 has been expended in the preparation of this truly mag-
nificent work. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer _
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of
Photogr aphs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won-
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld.
These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and
from which the best views could be obtained. .
THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho-
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautitul oblong volume,
11x14 inches in size.
ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT!
The photographs could not be purchased separately at less than from $.50 to $1.
each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly inferior views of this size.
Cut out the coupons on the this page and mail them to the office of the O6LoGisT,
with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will receive as many as you
may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail.
Coupons for parts Nos. 1 and 2 were printed in January OdLoGIsT; Nos. 3 and
4in February; Nos. 1 to 16 in March; Nos. 5 to. 8 in April: and Nos.9 to 12 inJune.
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the ©
OoLoGiIsT with ten cents im stamps or sil-
ver. and receive Portfolio No. 15. ‘
Coupon for Portfolio No. 16:
The O6LOuIstT’s Historical Art Series
OF THE M
World's Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 5
THE MACIC CITY
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the
OoLOGIs® with ten cents in stamps or sil-
ver. and receive Portfolio No. 16.
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the
OOLOGIST with teu cents in stamps or sil-
ver, and receive Portfolio No. 13.
Coupon for Portfolio No. 13? Coupon for Portfolio No. 15:
The OdLoeist’s Historical Art Series § The OoLoaist’s Historical Art Series :
OF THE * OF THE
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled » World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled %
THE MAGIC CITY x THE MAGIC CITY x
Peoeeee nea rtn ene
Coupon for Portfolio No. 14!
The O6LOGIsT’s Historical Art Series
OF THE
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled
THE MACIC CITY
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the
OoLoGiIst with ten cents in stamps or sil-
ver and receive Porfolio No. 14.
Vad bab ab Sab Pal tab tab Vad tab bal Mid Pad Dab Dab Pad Pad Pad Vad Vad Val Pal
WP A
MaMa RR
THE OOLOGIST. : 247
NIAGARA PALILS.
Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoaist visit Niagara annually
and they always make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is lovated ou Halls street, only a few steps from R.
R. Depots—Hlectric car line passes its entrance—-and «c*upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarters for
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NoveLTy or SouvENIR line pertain-
ing to Niagara.
Light Roadster. Weight, 25 Ibs.
CATALOGUE i ae
Send for one — it will interest you.
In our Six New Models you will find just what you
want. All the latest improvements. All sizes and
prices. Guaranteed to be equal to any, regardless
of price.
Manufacturers and Jobbers
John P, Lovell Arms Co., drains Bicycles. 270
BOSTON, [1ASS. AGENTS WANTED — Write for terms.
248 THE OOLOGIST.
FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES
FOR ALL METALS.
It prevents pits in Shot Gun and Rifle Barrels. It keeps metals
bright and free from tarnish and preserves their finish for years.
Fleat or Cold does not affect its consistency,
IT NEVER GUMS OR DRIPS,
an advantage not possessed by any other lubricant in the world.
An indispensible article for all kinds of Fire Arms, Fine Machinery, Gun Locks,
Bicycles, Camp Kits, Odlogists’ Instruments, Taxidermists’ Instruments, Natur-
alists’ Instruments, Surgical Instruments, Embalming Instruments, Cutlery,
Brass Work on Yachts, Copper and Stee! Plate, &c. In all respects the very best
preparation for any metalic surfaces where a non-gumming lubricant and rust
preventive are required.
SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can
35c., 1-2 Ib. can 50c., 1 Ib. can 75c. and 5 lb. can $3.00.
Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.”
Gunoleum is for sale in nearly all the principle cities in the United States. ‘The
following parties buy in quantities and can supply the trade.
Henry C. Squire & Son, New York. Ferdinand & Co., Boston, Mass.
A. G. Spaulding & Bros., New York, Chicago Horn & Paine, Eugene, Oregon.
and Philadelphia. Bibbins & Sherman, Syracuse. N. Y.
R. Liddle & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Wm. Prettie & Co., a «
Edw. K. Tyron, Jr. & Co., Philadelphia. Jno P. Lovell Arms Co., Boston, Mass.
Jno. T. Bailey & Co., aS E. H. Keller & Co., Sheybogan, Wis.
Wm. H. Schleigh, Baltimore, Md. Messrs Spary & Co., Middleboro. Mass.
R. H. Jewell & Co., Los Angeles, Cal. Jno. P. Dannefelser, New York City.
Wm. Read & Sons, Boston, Mass. ; Jno. Krieder, Philadelphia.
A. D. Wilkinson, W. Scott Boyenton, Newport News, Va.
If your dealer does not have Gunoleum, send 25c in stamps for large collapsible
tube by return mail. Address all communications to
THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO.,
BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A.
Monthly.
VOL, XI. NO. 8.
RARARD
Net E ITT thr try 3 ~
a SEG RGUSS0 S000 C008 080 GRR eReeereeeereeoo seen RGeueesns SERED
OLOEISE, <
ESE SETENENENSRE SS CENETEAESENT
Bo
ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1894.
. aaRIET aTRaReS
(' ch 50c. per Year. eo
WHOLE No. 106
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50¢c per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms,-cash-with order.
‘“‘DRALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only.
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-halt list rates.
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for « Wants” and ‘Exchanges’ only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
EGGS of 130. 129. 64and 5la_to exchange for
eggs notin my collection. Send list. Write
for my hard times prices for cash on any of the
above, (series a Speciality). ED. VAN WINK-
LE, Van’s Harbor, Mich. Att
WANTED.—A Galvanic or Faradic Battery,
strong enough for all medical purposes. Must
be in A icondition. Send full description. Can
offer Birds eggs. shells, corals, minerals. or
anything in the Natural History Line. FRED
D. SNYDER, Barre Center. N. Y.
TO EXCHANGH.—Arkansas and Lawrence’s
Goldfinch eggs in sets or singles with data for
sets or singles of other localities. RUFUS R.
BROWN, JB., 528 Echo Park Road, LosAngeles,
Cal.
WANTED.—An egg cabinet and set of taxi-
dermist tools. Will give good exchange 1n
yare eggs from this locality. Send for list. W.
C, PELTON, Dickinson, N. D.
WANTED.—To exchange sets, books. stamps
and other specimens for a printing press,stamps
and eggs of Sparrow Hawk. Correspondence
solicited, HENRY BEAUMONT, JR., Box 67,
Nashville, Tenn.
EXCHANGE NOTICE.—$30 double barreled
shot gun and relics to exchange for eggs in sets,
taxidermist tools. Goues’ Key. Davie’s or Horn-
day’s Taxidermy, good cornet. A. H. MILLS,
West Rutland, Vt.
FIRST-CLASS sets and singles of this local-
ity to exchange with collectors of other locali-
ties. Many common eggs desired. WILL D.
GARNETT, Gainesville, Texas.
FOR SALE.—A collection of Ist class eggs,
many rare. Catalogue price $80, will sell for best
offer in cash, list for stamp. must be sold, write
quick. GEO. B. BENNETT, S. W. cor. Beach
and Lafayette, Terre Haute, Ind.
FOR EXCHANGE or Sale.—A first-class re-
peating Winchester rifle, 12 shots, 22 cal. longs.
For cash or best offer of old U.S. coins. A. P.
BT WER 6'5 West Edwards St., Springfield,
inois.
HAVE (800) eight hundred tobacco and cigar-
ette pictures to exchange ror Coccoons, Books
on. and Entomological supplies. WM. NEW-
PORT, 452 Hudsouw Ave., Albany, N. Y.
TO HXCHANGE.—Cal. Eggs in sets with
complete data for eggs from southern and
eastern states. Many common ones wanted.
R. H. ROBERTSON, East Los Angeles, Calif.,
care First Ward Store.
WANTED.—A good multiplying fishing reel
in Al condition. Capacity not less than 100
yards, can offer in exchange fine sets and sin-
gles. F.C. ELLIOT, Tallahassee, Fla.
BUFF LEGHORNS.—A few Cockerels $1.50
each. one cock cost @. for $2.50 if taken Soon.
No pullets. D. F. HALL, 804 N. Division St.,
Creston, Iowa.
FOR SALE or Exchange.—40 worth of fine
sets, Davie’s Nest and Eggs, cloth bound, two
drills. two blow pipes. three embryo hooks
with handle for $10o0r very best offer. Write
atonce. W.H. HENDERSON, Chanute, Kas.
WANTED.—Quartz crystals, group crystal in-
clusions of all kinds, matrix Specimens. agates,
Opals, amethysts, geodes, etc. Curiosities,
stamps. etc. for same or Cash. CHAS.
CHEVRIER, Trenton, New Jersey.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs of Cal. birds in
sets or 4ingles to exchange for postage stamps.
ae CALDWELL, Station K, Los Angeles,
al.
TO EXCHANGE.—‘‘C” Clarionet and Case,
cost wholesale 332. Also 22 cal. Rifle. Want
good 4x5 Camera. Make best offer. CHAS. H.
DICKINSON, Grand Rapids. Minn.
WANTED.—Egg cabinet and set of tools;
second hand preferred. Will buy or exchange
forsame. B. E. GRIFFITHS, 204 South 20th
St. Omaha, Neb.
EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I would like to ex-
' Change stuffed birds of this state for fresh skins
from other states. Write for list. C. L. STIN--
NER, Williamstown, Dauphin Co., Penna.
4
250
FOR SALE.—Minerals, Fossils, Curios, In-
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis-
consin rivers, Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and
- Insects. The jinest collection of Polished Coral
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish,Cameos,
Gems. Stones, ete. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor-
ris, Ill. Jy3t.
TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggs. Wood’s Illus-
trated Natural History, Ornithological papers,
specimens ofrosewood and other curios. for
bird’S eggsin sets. R.C. OSBURN. 323 W.
Goodale St., Columbus, Ohio.
BICYCLE.—‘‘Victor’”’ cushion tired safety.
Good aS new. Only been ridden few times.
Cost $125 when new. Will sell for best cash
offer above $25. Correspondence solicited. All
letters answered. ROBERT MAXWELL, Box
1961 South Bend, Ind.
COLLECTORS Look Here! I will give 5
Goniobasis Virginiaca, G. m. for every perfect
arrow head with locality given, sent me. Every
tenth one answering this wiJl wee free a 30 cent
iefen | dJa (Gio SMITH, Ripley, N
FOR EXCHANGE.--First-class sets of Cal.
Murre with full data to exchange for sets not
in my collection. Address ORVILLE C.
PRATT, Fruit Vale Ave., Fruit Vale, Cal.
FOR SALE or Exchange for best offer sever-
al volumes of OoLoGist?, ‘‘Illustrirtes Brief-
marken-Jonrnal,’’ and ‘‘American Journal of
Philately” second series; also foreign stamps,
postal cards, envelopes. and paper wrappers;
also a few birds eggs in sets and singles. Can
use cash, choice sets of eggs. and books
pertaining to Naturwl History. No cards an-
swered. Address DR. MARTIN, Wellington,
Kansas.
ARIZONA Cactus 50c each prepatd. Apache
Indian Baskets, $1.50 each prepaid. P. M.
WILLIAMS. Justice Peace, Mera lohot Pinal
»Co., Arizona.
I HAVE 235 kinds of foreign and native
woods to exchange for woods not in my collec-
tion, [ expect 150 Japanese woods next fall.
LOUIS W. HAHN, P. O. Box 360, Silver Creek,
Chautauqua Co., N. Y.
FOR EXCHANGE.—22 cal. Quackenbusch
Rifle used Columbian stamps and eggs in sets
for other Ist class sets with data, sea birds pre-
ferred. R. A. SCHWEER. Denton, Texas.
FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class sets with
data for Hawks, Owls and water birds Nos. 393,
452, 461, 587, 674, 3902. WM. M. MAULE, Collins,
Lane. Co., Pa.
OCTOBER WNidiologist, also eggs ‘‘U”’ No. 191,
194, 201. 212, 214, 221. 337, 339 and common eggs
for eggs of Sea Birds and Hawks or good offers.
Coues’ Key, new, #7. C.F. STONE, Branch-
port, N. Y.
WANTED.—Sets, especially of Terns.Herons.
Plovers, Rails, Owls, Hummers, Warblers and
Thrushes. Will give sets, list includes 466a,
529. 586, 594, 611, Av2a, etc. also Singles, such as
172, 182. .261, 366, 384, 448, 491, 505, 567a, 715 and
about 100 others. FRANK WILLARD, Gales-
burg, Ill.
EGGS IN SETS.—White-fronted Dove 1-2
30c, St. Domingo Grebe 1-4 95c, Sora Rail 1-7 40¢
Northwest. Crow 1-4 65¢e, Spotted Sandpiper 1-4
38c. Arctic Tern 1-319c. All prices are for the
full set.
less than 50c.
Mass.
JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton,
10¢c extra must be added on all orders ©
THE OOLOGIST.
TO EXCHANGE.—Fine field glass, collec-
ion of eggs, tr ays and books on Oology; value
$15, for shot gunfor rifie of equal value,or cheap
for cash, CHAS. E. CRAM, Vanlue, Ohio.
WANTED.—A good repeating rifle. Double-
barrel shotgun, WallTent. Will givegood ex-
change in books, revolvers, watches. birds eggs,
coins. Books foreggs. C. B. VANDERCOOK,
Odin, Illinois.
$3.50 Microscope, 10 A 1 Bird Skins. %
taxidermist case. 87 pairs of glass eyes, stuffing
forceps, wire cutters, tweezers, spool and burch
wire. for Maynard’s “Birds of Eastern North
America. ROBT. MCLAIN, Elm Grove, Ohio
Co., W. Va.
TO EXCHANGE —29 volumes of Naturalists
Library edited by Sir William Jardine Bart.
Beautifully illustrated colored plates of birds
and eggs,and an autograph of all the great
naturalists on front page. Only a few sets in
United States. A complete library in itself,
Cost $45. Exchange for pedigree dogs of any
breed or good dog, or anything useful. Send
your lists. A. MCDONALD, 729 E. Houston St.
San Antonio, Texas.
WANTED.—Modern Indian relies. Will give
in exchange! arenes sets and singlesof A. O.
U. No’s 201, 212, 214, 273, 316. 337, 387, 388, 412, 428,
444, 456, 461, i660, 474, 477, 488, 507, 511,52! 29.540, 581,
598, 612, 613, 501, 622a, 641, 652, 659, 658, 704, 755.
756, 761, 766, With data. T also want some good
singles of most any species not listed above.
All letters answered. W, J. WIRT, Box 137,
Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y.
EGGS.—Set and Singles. The following first
class Texas and Arizona eggs, carefully iden-
tified, with data, for sale. The eggs are not
common but rare and desirable and become
more so each year. You should at least obtain
one nice set for your cabinet. I guarantee sat-
isfaction and safe delivery. If eggs do not
prove entirely satisfactory, kindly return them
and I will cheerfully refund the ‘money I
will send eggs on approval to prominent and
reliable parties, or to those who send good re-
ference. SEtTs. White-fronted Dove 2 in set.15¢
peregg; White-winged Dove 2, 12c; Krider’s
Hawk 2-3, 80c; Audubon’s Carareara Eagle 2,
90¢; Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 5-4, 5¢; Western
Lark Sparrow 4-5, 3c; Mockingbird 45, Creel
have singles of the above and of the follow ing:
SrincuEs. Killdeer10c. Scaled Partridge 35c,
Black Vulture 60c, Western Night-hawk 20c,
Am. Raven 80c, Arizona Cardinal 45c. Eggs
sent post-paid when order amounts to $1 or
over, furthermore I will allow 10 per cent dis-
counton $3; 15 per cent. on $6 or more. H.
SAYLES. JR., Abilene, Texas.
“fT SEEMS TO ME that everybody ough: to
have your magazine. I would gladly pay twice
the subscription price and think I had the best
of it then.” So writes a prominent ornitholog-
ist of the Vidiologist. If you would know why,
send 10c for sample copy and you will be
charmed with the illustrations and articles.
Subscription only one dollar. July number
contains: ‘‘A Cormorant’s Rookery” (illus-
trated), ‘Among the California Clapper Rail”
(illustrated), illustration of-nest of Or ange-
crowned Warbler, etc. Of special interest is
the standard price list of nests, by Western Or-
nithologists. We reach best collectors. To
advertise its value we have decided to make
our exchange column free without limit during
Fall to subscribers; all others 50c each insertion.
Subseribe now! H. R. TAYLOR. Editor and
Publisher. Alameda, Cal. or ROSS TAYLOR,
150 Fifth Avenue, New York.
fHE OOLOGIST. 251
MRS. A. MEARHES will send postpaid 15 vari-
eties sea shells for 25c. Send for large list of
marine shells and curios. MRS. A.S. MEARES,
John’s Pass, Fla.
FOR SALE at 1s catalogue rates.6 1-4 1-5,118 1-4
191 1-4 2-3,197 2-4, 199 1-4,200 1-5 2-4 1-3,201 1-3,218 1-4,
219 1-7 15, 289a, 1-14 1-7, 360 1-4, 373a 1-3 1-2, 409 1-4,
410 1-7 1-4, 416 1-2, 452 1-51-38. 477a 1-5 2-4 1-3. 501
1-4, 587a 1-2, 608 1-2, 703 2-4, 707 2-3, 727b 1-8, 326 1-2
1-1, 395 1-3. Also have singles and all are first-
class. F.C. ELLIOT, Tallahassee, Fla.
“METHODS IN THE ART OF TAXIDERMY” by
Davie, Costs $10 cash per copy and is well worth
the money. Ihave afew copies which I will
‘entertain good offers on the bassis of #% cash
and % exchange. If you have $5 cash and $5
worth of almost anything (no trash) desirable.
‘to give for acopy,.I shall be pleased to hear
from you atonce. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al-
‘bion, N. Y.
FOR EXCHANGE. -—Am. Kared Grebe 1-4 1-6
1-8. St. Domingo Grebe 1-3 1-4, Iceland Gull 1-2,
Am. Herring Gull 1-3, Terns—Royal 1-3 1-4, Ros-
-erte 1-2, Cabot’s 1-2 1-8, Common 1-2 1-3, Sooty
1-1, Bridled 1-1, Black 1-2 1-8, Noddy 1-1. Audu-
bon’s Shearwater 1-1, Yellow-billed Tropic Bird
1-1, Leach’s Petrel 1-1, Booby 1-2, Blue-winged
Teal 1-7 1-11, Shoveller 1-6 1-10 1-11, Pintail 1-3
1-7, Canvas-back 1-3, Sooty Grouse 1-5, Least
Bittern 1-41-5 1-6, Gt. Blue Heron 1-3 1-4, Limp-
‘kin 1-6, Va. Rail 1-7 1-8 1-9, Sora 1-7 1-9 1-11, Flor-
ida Gallinule 1-7 1-8 1-10, Am. Coot 1-6 1-8, Bart.
Sandpiper 1-4, Spotted Sandpiper 1-4, Bob-white
1-8 1-10, White-crowued Pigeon 1-2, Miss. Kite
1-2, Harris’ Hawk 1-3, Red-tailed Hawk 1-2 1-3,
B’1k-billed Cuckoo 1-4, Long-billed Marsh Wren
1-4 1-5, Bobolink 1-4 1-6, Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5,
W. Meadow Lark 1-5, Bronzed Grackle 1-4 1-5,
‘Rose-breasted Grosbeak 1-3, Yellow-headed B.
B. 1-4 1-5 1-6, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 1-4 Or-
‘chard Oriole 1-4 1-5, Painted Bunting 1-4, Para-
‘sitic Jaeger 1-2, Cliff Swallow 1-4 1-5 1-6, Bank
Swallow 1-4. I especially desire sets of the fol-
lowing: _7, 83, 84, 125, 126, 133, 144, 159, 160, 183,
184, 185, 186, 187, 204, 205, 206, 218, 228, 280, 286, 298,
800, 327, 328, 332, 334, 352, 355, 356, 365, 872 and 37 9.
Will give exceptionally good offers for any of
‘above. CHAS, M. ELDREDGE. 314 Chamber
‘of Commerce, Chicago.
LOOK! STOP! Any. person sending me a
2c. Stamp unused and 25 Columbian “stamps
used, any kind, will receive in return a Moon-
stone in its rough state. C..M. HATFIELD,
Los Angeles, California.
My ads.in July OOLOGIST are paying well
and am well pleased. Will probably send in
my ads. in afew days for Aug. James Odell,
Jr., Austin, Texas.
TO EXCHANGE.—Collection of 50 named
minerals, shells, fossils and Indian relics @
$1.25. Fine specimens of copper ore in calcite,
agatized woods and minerals; also Indian rel-
ics, Shells and fossils. I want fine minerals,
Ind. rel. and curios. Will exchange any of the
above for fine singles of eggs, want both com-
mon andscarce. Send full list of what you
have. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown. S, D.
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG,
TAXIDERMIST,
AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN
Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds
and Animals.
Brownsville, Texas, U.S.A.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia,
Pa. Send for sample copy.
Woes ED. Something new
Wun particulars. One man
made $27.40 inone day. One
lady made $22 in one day.
Address Lock Box 13 A. B. P. CO., South Bend
Indiana. Mention OoLoeist.
When answering advertisements
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.”
Dissolution Notice.
Notice is hereby given that the partnership
lately existing between Frank H. Lattin and
Better F. Webb, under the firm name of
Eon: Cattin & Co. was. dissolved on the 3ist
day nalaly, A. D., 1894, by mutual consent.
FRAN Et loan:
WALTER F. WEBB,
Cas)
or
nS)
SAND POR IT
‘(COMPOUND OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and
Results.”’—is the title of a book of 200
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this
remarkable curative agent, and arecord of sur-
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases—
many of them after being abandoned to die by
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any
address on applicatton.
DRS. STARKEY & PALEN,
1529 Arch St,, Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal.
Please mention the OOLOGIST.
Ibuy collections. or
ASH FOR STAMPS! lots; Foreign or U.S.
Look up your old letters from 1845 to 1870.
Many of later date also valuable. Send
samples and 1 will state prices I can pay for
them. Refer to Lattin.” Address
P. G. MARCH,
Fern Bank, O.
A3t.
BIRDS SKINS!
A large lot for sale at wholesale rates. All
skins are first-class with data, and will be sent
postpaid on receipt of price.
Anna’s Hummer
Costa’s ie
W. Wood Pewee
TOUS CHEMIN G Hip ie pie Bek SPUN Cd fap eae imer men pw GLUE Ne
Arkansas Goldfinch
Orezon Juncoy eeaa
Samuel’s Song Sparrow
Spurred Towhee
Californiawiie ee ee
Black-headed Grosbeak
Lazuli Bunting. ...........:...
Yellow Warbler......... ...
Long-tailed Chat
Plain Tit
Russet- backed Thrush 15
WYCSuaaa Toons 15
DWaTieMnnishe stats) Vol nee iOS Te i RCE 15
15
eee ee 15
JR gb Op yCCTO NA AOVECOl! IRC OF SICYE eg 15
F. T. CORLESS, LOS GATOS, CALIF.
MENTION OOLOGIST.
STONE
™ Wp i
=> INDIAN RELICS!
On approval by mail. Give reference. A few
cents expense tO see a variety from Many States
I pay postage one way on arrow and spear
points. LARGEST STocK, LARGEST VARIETY,
AND FINEST IN THE WEsvT. Buckskin Relics,
Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates,
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp.
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES-
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam (‘Malakka) In-
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named
at moderate prices. also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
2 THE OOLOGISY.
STEAM COOKER FREE!
The Triumph Cooker with lock
cover, will cook Meats, Fish. Veget-
ables, Beans, Brown Bread, Fruit,
Custards, &c, without odor. Fits.
any size stove. coal, wood, oil or gas.
Having ‘iron base, it is better and
cheaper than a tin cooker, We send.
one Cocker free with Agent's first
order. Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart--
ford Hollow Ware Co,, B. 673, Hartford, Conn.
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a.
speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata--
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
- mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. nas
CARR, Job Printer. New London, Wis.- ti
H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY,
COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,.
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in ai-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists.
“Never before has the Art of Taxid-.
ermy had its practical methods and.
beauties portrayed as we find inter-
preted in this work.”
METHODS
TAXIDERMY,
OLIVER DAVIE,
Author of ‘“‘Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds,” ete.
Containing Ninety Full Page Engravings, over
Five Hundred Figures minutely illustrating
the most practical methods practiced in the art..
It teaches in detail. step by step, the Skinning
and Stuffing of Birds, Mammals. Crustaceans,
Fishes and Reptiles, together with illustrations
of forms and Attitudes of the Animal Kingdom.
The text is by OLIVER DAVIE, who has made
Taxidermy his life study and profession. The
originals of the illustrations were made in In-
nia ink from time to time as the actual subjects
could be obtained from which to make the va-
rious procedures. Tbey were drawn by the
eminent Bird and Mammal Artist, THEODORE
JASPER, A. M., M. D., Whose experience in the
Art of Taxidermy extends overa period of fif-
ty years. Every illustration by this artist is a.
work of art. Among these engravings are re-
productions from photographs of actual work
by American Taxidermists. Each Copy of this.
book is enclosed in box for shipment and is
sent prepaid upon receipt of price.
In one Quarto Volume, Silk
Cloth, Gilt. Top, Untrimmed
Edges, $10.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST,
Albion, N. Y..
THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI. NO
Nesting of the Western Gull.
The Western Gull, or as it is some-
‘times called, the Western Herring Gull,
is a very abundant resident on this sec-
‘tion of the Pacific coast, half way be-
‘tween San Francisco and San Diego,
-and so far as I know is the only Gull
permanently remaining here, although
we see others during the summer.
There is one very wild section of
-coast not far from here where I had
often been told that the Gulls could be
seen nesting on islands not more than
a stone’s throw away, but that it was
‘impossible to reach them. Before this
season I had not been able to visit this
locality, but this year luck favored me
and I was camped with a party of sur-
‘veyor friends not more than eight or
nine milesfrom it. I was not idle here
-and possessed myself of a set of ten
California Quail and a rotten single
Marsh Hawk, and also. discovered
Bank Swallows nesting in large num-
‘bers, though most of the nests contained
young or badly incubated eggs.
On the morning of June Ist I at last
$tarted out with a friend ona trip tor
‘Gull’s eggs. For the first two miles we
had hard pulling through dry sand, but
soon we struck better roads, which led
‘through a bench about a quarter of a
mile wide between the mountains and
-eliffs. After about four miles of this
we began to see the islands, which are
-caused in a peculiar way; the ocean has
eut channels into the land leaving is-
lands about forty feet above the beaches
-on the same level as the surface of the
mainland. At the bottom they are
composed of a soft rock (as also are the
-cliffs of the mainland) which makes
climbing almost impossible, and furn-
ishes nesting places for large numbers
-of Cormorants. At the top the islands
ALBION, N.Y.,
AUG., 1894 WHOLE No. 106
are of dirt with grass growing on it
and the Gulls may be seen on almost
all of them sitting on their nests.
We discovered a colony of five or six
Baird’s Cormorants nesting on the
cliffs and went to cut a pole to get
some, and while passing a projecting
point of the mainland that ran out into
the beach we noticed a ladder stuck
across the mouth of a cave that ran in-
to the point. With the pole which we
got, asmall bag and a piece of wire
from a convenient fence, we procurred
two sets of three each of Baird’s Cor-
morant. These birds are easily dis-
tinguished by their conspicuous white
flank patches and by the small size of
the eggs. The eggs are lined with
green and covered with a lime coating
which shows blue in thin places. They
often lay four eggs, but all the nests I
saw that day contained three, and the
ones I got were incubated slightly; I
find the measurements to average 2.20x
1.42. The fishermen call Cormorants,
Shags, and I believe that more thanone
species nest here, possibly not on the
cliffs as Baird’s prefers todo, but on a
certain large rock in San Lius Bay
which I have in mind and intend to in-
vestigate as soon as possible.
We now concluded to see about that
ladder. After a tough scramble and
slide we reached the rocky beach and
found the ladder of which we had seen
the end laid about four feet high across
the cave, each end being placed in a
hole to keep it from being washed
away. Not more than twenty feet
away across the narrow beach was an
island from the top of which dangled a
piece of rawhide rope reaching half
way down. The ladder was a piece of
scantling about twenty-five feet long
with strips nailed across it, By setting
the ladder at the foot of the cliff it
254
rested in a natural gully in the side of
the cliff and was kept steady. From
the top of the ladder we could reach
the rope and with the help of an occas-
ional toe-hold got to the top. Here we
found the object of our search—two
sets of three Western Gull and two of
two each besides leaving several sin-
gles, the nests were excavated in the
dirt several inches and made of grass,
weed stalks and sea-grass not very
deeply cupped, although when seen
from a little distance the Gulls setting
on the nests are half hidden. There
were some new nests not yet laid in
and some old ones not occupied, so
that it would seem that they do not, as
Davie states, always use the same nest
from year to year. This might be dif-
ferent, however,. where the nest is
placed on a rock, and I have known a
single Gull to nest on small rock (in the
surf and impossible to get at) every
year for several years past.
The uniformity in shape and coloring
between eggs of the same set is some-
thing remarkable.
Set1. Slightly incubated. All the
eggs of this set are of a light neutral
ground color, Jessthickly spotted with
dark brown than any of the other sets.
The spots are rounder and not so much
in the shape of blotches. In shape
they are rounder at the large end and
more pointed. All the eggs have dark
shell markings. 2.76x2.03, 2.78x1.97,
2.81x2.05.
Set 2. Slightly incubated. Olive
eround color. Egg 1 has large spots
not very thickly distributed; egg 2 has
spots and lengthy scrawls; egg 3 has
small and thick spots. 2.79x1.91, 2.84x
1.87, 2.85x1.93.
Set 8. Not noticeably incubated.
Egg 1 has a clear olive ground color
with very small and thick spots; egg 2
olive with larger spots and blotches.
2.90x1.96, 2.89x1.91.
Set 4. Not noticeably incubated.
Egg 1 is very dark with medium sized
THE OOLOGIST.
spots; egg 2 is lighter with spots not so.
thick. 2.88x1.91, 2.86x1.92.
I also tind the Pigeon Guillemot nest-
ing here in holes in the sides of cliffs
and caves from eight to twenty-five feet
above water. Some times the holes. —
are very hard toget into. When rob-
bed the birds will immediately lay
again. On May 12th I took a partially
incubated set from a hole in a cave and
on June 11th another in the same con-
dition. Often two nests willl be within
two or three feet of each other. The
eggs are light green with black spots
usually forming a ring around the large
end. Often one egg of a-set will be of
a decided green and the other almost
white. A specimen set measures: 2.49:
x1.70, 2.37x1.64.
_ Whoever he was, whatever his ob-
ject, and however he managed to reach
the top, the man who made that island
accessible has my sincerest gratitude.
N. M. Moran,
San Luis Obispo, Cal.
The First Day of June, ’94.
It seemed a poor day to do anything
out of doors. There had been a succes-
sion of rainy days, and the sky was
just commencing to clear up in a
showery, desultory fashion. One min-
ute it would rain, and the next the sun
shone bright and uncomfortably warm.
But as I could not work such a day I
concluded it would be the best chance
I might get in a long time to take a col-
lecting trip to a tract of brush and
waste land J wished to visit, and so it
proved. Theretore I got a friend of
mine, who, though he seldom finds a
good nest himself, is a great help some-
times in procuring nests in more or less
inaccessible positions; gathered up my
boxes and other necessary adjuncts
and started out. .
Of course we laid out our route to in-
elude as many favorable places for
THE OOLOGIST. 255
birds nests as possible on our way
there.
Well, we crossed two meadows, and
after resting ourselves on a rail fence
to consider the best route to Black
Creek, we jumped off the fence into
the third meadow. We had hardly
struck the ground before a female Bob-
olink fluttered up from our feet and
feigning a broken wing tried to lead us
from her nest. An instant’s search re-
warded us with a set of six finely
marked eggs from a slight nest of dead
grass placed between two stalks of
white-weed. Wemust have surprised
her very much as they are seldom
flushed, usually running off the nest
and rising at some distance,;making
their nests hard to locate.
From here we soon reached the
Creek. The very first thing I found
nests of Yellow Warbler and Catbird,
but as my collection comprises as many
sets of these asI desire, I left them to
the old birds, who were expressing
their displeasure at my presence by
a great deal of noise, mostly made by
the Catbirds. Starting up creek to the
west I had gotten about half way to my
destination when I flushed a Yellow
Warbler from her nest in a small wil-
low, and on looking in from mere curi-
osity , I noticed something peculiar
about the bottom of the nest under the
five eggs it contained. On closer in-
spection I found that the old bird in-
stead of building the usual double nest,
to cover up two Cowbird’s eggs, had
simply relined the nest, an unusual
proceeding in my experience, and the
lining had settled unt'l half of each egg
stuck up inthe nest. Certainly a queer
looking affair.
From here proceeded on up the creek
until we reached the tract I spoke of, a
deserted clearing of some 20 +
The Thrasher’s Song.
The ears of a pedestrian wandering
among the wooded hills and valleys af
Southern California, will suddenly be
greeted with the loud clear notes of a
hidden songster. If he be inclined to
notice these manifestations of rural life,
his attention will be attracted by this
melody, and he will desire to see the
author of it. Upon approaching the
hiding place of the minstrel, the song
will abruptly cease and the observer
may catch a glimpse of a drab colored
bird as it flies hastily from the thickly
foliaged tree in which it was secreted.
If the wanderer is accustomed to the
habits of the California Thrasher, for
this is the bird he is endeavoring to
discover, he will remain quietly where
he is lest his movements will disturb
the other songsters of the locality,
and soon the song will burst forth
anew froma different quarter. Pres-
ently this song is answered by another
bird, and then another, until several of
these sweet woodland musicians are
engaged in a generous rivalry of song
in which the participants become so ab-
soroed that the presence of an intruder
is not noticed. Now the observer may
venture to approach one of the song-
sters. The grass-carpeted ground so
deadens the tread that he may steal
noislessly up behind an intervening
‘in the vicinity of Santa Barbara.
shrub and through its foliage catch a
sight of the Thrasher pouring forth his
sweet song from the topmost limb of a
neighboring tree.
The Thrashers frequent the wooded -
hillsides and valleys of the coast region
of the southern part of the state of
California, and are especially abundant
Here
the grassy sides of the hills are covered
with clumps of trees, the intervals be-
tween being occupied by patches of
shrubs and plots of flowers. Here also -
oecur giant live oaks which lift their
leafy canopies high above the earth and
throw the ground belo into a dense
shade into which the light scarcely pen-
etrates. Yet these shady retreats are
overgrown with a dense mass of herb-
age, and wherever the light enters the
vegetatioa grows in rank profusion.
It would be difficult to find a spot
more conducive to bird life. The trees
above are alive with arboreal birds,
every field and open upland teems with
the more terrestrial while about the
shaded pools of the small streams and
over the bosom of the mild Pacific
hover numbers of the aquatic.
During the spring these places are
the scenes of great activity. The air
resounds with the varied strains of the
feathered songsters. The sweet music,
like a river of song, floods the vales
and surges through the gorges, its rip-
pling accents breaking far up the sides
of the surrounding hills. The wings of
sportive creatures glance in the sun-
shine in every for st opening; — the
squirrels seurry hither and _ thither
sounding their shrill notes of alarm at
any. unfamiliar object; numerous gor-
geously-hued butterflies flit uncertainly
about, a few of the hapless creatures
falling victims to the flycatchers; mul-
titudes of bees rove amid the blossoms
making the fields murmur with their
busy toil; various birds fly about enliv-
ening the scenes with their gay colors
and delightful songs, a Phainopepla
260 THE OOLOGIST.
passing by in its erratic course makes
the woods ring with its sweet bell-like
notes, a Goldfinch in undulating flight
festoons the ether with its plaintive
song, a group of Vultures sail silently
over the land, while an occasional Red-
tail mounting the stairway of flight,
rises to a dizzy height to pursueits sol-
itary course among the clouds.
Prominent among the tenants of
these happy scenes is the California
Thrasher, the minstrel of our groves.
Unlike the Mocking-bird the Thrasher
has acquired no love for the habitations
of man. It delights in the quiet re-
treats of the country, where only an oe-
casional ear catches its joyous strains.
Balanced upon some swaying twig, it
floods the neighborhood with its notes,
often pausing in the midst of its song
to arrange its feathers. This song con-
sists of imitations of the notes of other
birds, boldly and quite accurately ren-
dered, ingeniously interwoven among
‘strains of its own, and all is given with
a zest that thrills the listener and makes
‘the Thrasher an element of beauty in
our rural districts.
The Thrasher is accustomed to sing at
almost any hour of the day, but its
sweetest efforts are heard «during the
cool hours of morning and of evening.
Its morning song, the first sound that
breaks upon the quiet vales, heralds
the approach of day to the drowsy ten-
ants of the woods. While a purple mist
still surmounts the distant mountains,
the Thrasher seeks some elevated sta-
tion where the first beams of the rising
sun may bathe its plumage, soon in the
east the loftiest streaks are crowned
with a halo of golden light, the purple
veil gradually slips from the mountain’s
brow, ard finally the glorious king of
day swells above the horizon, gladen-
ing the sleeping world below with his
kindly light. The fields kissed by the
morning breeze, feel the pulsations of
life, each stalk bows a gracious good-
morning to its fellows; the flowers
bursting from their night’s repose
freight the early gale with their fra-
grance; the fresh leaves of the over-
hanging foliage show their lovliest
green, while in every shaded nook deli-
cate ferns sparkle with dewy gems.
Meanwhile the song of the Thrasher
has reverberated among the hills and
dales. The woodland minstrels are
now astir greeting the dawn with their
joyous lays. The Thrasher from his
point of vantage rejoices in the light
and warmth shed about him and his
song grows into an ecstasy of melody
as he leads the rural choirs. The woods
and fields resound with the joyous
music of these feathered orchestras:
‘While Earth’sfnll heart is throbbing
over
With its wealth of life and light and
Oem
The cool hours of morning pass away
and the mid-day glare drives the fest-
ive choristers to the shady nooks. The
woods and fields are now comparatiy-
ly silent, only an oceasional song stir-
ring the heated atmosphere. The sun
passes the zenith, traverses the western
hills and finally sinks to rest. Night,
cowled in dusky robes from the Orient,
creeps along every glimmering stream,
over the hills and uplands, and across
the verdant valleys, wrapping every
mountain, vale and cliff in the darkness
and the hush of her gloom:
“Twilight’s gray and pensive hour
Brings the low breeze and shuts the
flower.’
The fields and tree-tops gleam in the
soft moonlight, the silvery beams find
their way through the openings in the
groves, illuminating every little glade
and dancing along every murmuring
stream, all is quiet save the melancholy
ery of the Whip-poor-will, or the hoot
of the distant lonely Owl. Suddenly
a sweet harmony breaks upon the ear,
floating upon the fragrant breeze and
keeping time with the soft rustling of
THE OOLOGIST.
Nesting Habits of the Killdeer.
BY DIDYMUS.
The Killdeer Plover arrives in South-
ern Michigan in March generally, but
sometimes it is seen or heard in Febru-
ary. It is also not rarely seen in De-
cember, but as a rule the birds are only
here in numbers a little over eight
months in the year.
This familiar and well known bird is
quite generally a favorite and there are
few persons in the country who are not
acquainted with it. The Killdeer is
rarely seen on high and sandy soil, ex-
cepting during migrations, at which
time the flying birds pass over all sec-
tions, and always make their presence
known by their vociferous notes. In
selecting a summer home its wants are
quite different from the other small
waders. Not liking the grassy sec-
tions like the Spotted Sandpiper, it se-
leects more open spots and nothing
seems as acceptable as a low moist
stubble field or a shelving gravelly spot
near a marsh. The Killdeer is rarely
or never found in fields well covered
with thick grass, nor is it much given
to haunting the shores of ponds and
lakes during nesting, although often
found there later in the season.
I believe this Plover usually begins
nesting in early May, but often the
eggs are laid by April fifteenth or
earlier, and I should not be greatly
surprised to find a set of eggs in March
some early season. Again the eggs are
found in June and these finds are not
second nestings, as it is not thought
that the waders rear second broods,
but it is quite probable that the birds
have been broken up in housekeeping
the first time.
A few notes taken at random from
my observations may be of interest to
your readers: March 15, 1873—Saw
several; the snow has not yet gone.
May 27, 1874—Found three little birds
257
about four days old. March 9, 1878—
First seen this season. June 27, 1877—
Four eggs incubated about a week..
May 8, 1879—Found two young four to
six days old. May 25, 1879—A friend
took four fresh eggs in a corn field.
April 1, 1885—Observed first one. The-
snow is still three feet deep in places,
and it is a very backward spring.
June 1, 1882—Heard one at midnight
when it is raining hard; why is it mi-
grating now?
The Killdeer usually migrates at
night; in fact all of tne smaller waders.
do, and Iam not sure that this time is-
not selected by nearly or quite all spe-
cies of birds, excepting perhaps the
geese at times, and the seed-eaters, as
the Northern Grosbeaks and Crossbills,
which move about in winter. But of
the birds which pass north in the
spring, I believe that all move at night
generally with the exception of the
Hawk, Wild Pigeon, Turtle Dove, King--
fisher and Swallow. Often, when in
the country, I have heard the lively
notes of this bird in the dead of night,.
and have known it to fly over the city
in itsramblings. In July, August and
September it is not rare to hear this.
bird as it feeds on the shores of lakes
at all hours of the night at favorable-
times.
In the spring migration, this species,
like others of the small waders, strange-
ly enough, selects cloudy nights for its-
movements. Atleast this is nearly al--
ways so, if we are to judge from the-
notes, our only means of observation.
One rarely hears a notefrom a Killdeer,.
Snipe or Sandpiper if the moon is- shin-
ing during migrations, whereas a.
cloudy night in late April is. always
marked for its many notes of these
waders in the air.
The birds having mated, oer going:
through all the appearance of mating
after much demonstration, select a site
for their eggs. I think that most birds.
of this size and larger, are mated. fon-
~ 258 THE OOLOGIST.
all time, and are therefore solid with
- their partners; still there is the same
amount of courting each season, even
among birds which have nested regu-
larly in the same locality for years.
Perhaps as the birds have no uests to
build they make up in courting the usu-
al time spent by other birds in nest-
building. At last a slight hollow being
_chosen, four eggs are laid on the bare
ground. Not the slightest evidence of
preparation is shown, although some
- collectors claim that the hollow is scrap-
ed out by the birds.
The eggs, four in number, are mark-
edly pyriform, and are invariably laid
with the four smaller ends together in
-the center of the slight depression.
This arrangement of the Killdeer’s
eggs is acustom adopted by all the rep-
resentatives of the Snipe and Plover
families so far asI know. It is for a
purpose and the position is to meet the
requirements of the incubating bird.
The eggs of all these birds are propor-
tionately exceedingly large for the size
of the bird, and the arrangement un-
_ doubedly serves a purpose. Itis hard-
ly fairto say that instinct assists the
bird in the arrangement of its eggs,
-and I prefer to admit that the bird
reasons. At least I am satisfied that
-this is the case. For if the eggs are
displaced in the depression it will be
found that they have been rearranged
in some instances by the bird within a
few hours.
It is impossible to offer a solution to
this problem, if we may call itso, un-
less, suggested that itis a wise provis-
ion, governed by wise ruling power,
which so ordains the arrangement
which best admits of the bird’s cover-
ing them thoroughly.
It is fair to doubt if the Killdeer or
any other of this order of birds could
properly cover the four eggs if they
were arranged in any other position
than that in which they are found,
with the four smaller ends in the cen-
ter. These birds have proportionately
small bodies and are not provided with
loose, fluffy feathers, so well supplied
to the grouse and other birds which lay
many eggs. With the Killdeer the
bared abdomen fits down into the group
of four eggs, and the heat, so essential.
is equally distributed. It is safe to say
that by no possible means in the power
of the bird could the fifth egg be hatch-
ed.
It is a very easy matter to find the
neighborhood of a nest, for a pair of
birds will attempt io draw off a col-
lector before he is within forty rods of
the exact spot. In fact I have some-
times found it difficult to locate the
field in which the nest was situated.
Often in neighborhoods where strollers
are common, and the dangers of annoy-
anee greater, a pair of nesting birds
will attempt to decoy a collector long
before he reaches the ffeld. I have
often had a bird or a pair use their
powers of allurement on me when I
was still quite one hundred rods from
the nest.
These efforts not rarely succeed even
with advanced collectors, for the col-
lector thinks that he knows where to
look. But he don’t and will eventually
find that the best means of discovering
the nest is by carefully watching the
birds after they have given over their
deceiving movements.
A favorite location for the eggs is on
a gravelly ridge in an open field. Or
again in a cultivated, often a corn field.
The eggs are very difficult to find as
their spotted appearance lends an ad-
ditional means of concealment, and it
is to be doubted if a nest would be
found if the birds did not assist. But the
vociferations of a pair are so marked
when a nest is approached closely that
the scent is rarely mistaken.
Though gregarious in spring and aut-
umn, the Killdeer rarely, if ever,
breeds in colonies. I have never seen
an instance of the kind and have only
once recorded two nests in a field.
THE OOLOGIST. 263
banks of the Ohio. The man at the
steering-oar hoped “‘the black rascal”
had broken his neck, and congratulat-
ed himself in the same breath for the
safety of his horses, which presently re-
gained their feet. Sambo, however,
leaped on the naked back. of one, and
and, showing his rows of ivory, laugh-
ed at his masters curses. After a se-
ries of such incidents as these they fi-
nally reached Boston.
FRED W. PARKHURST,
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
~<
Nesting of the Whooping Crane.
The Great White or Whooping Crane
(Grus americana) is one of the wildest
and rarest of our large birds. Though
the Whooping Cranes are seen passing
over in the spring, and one is occasion-
ly taken at that time, and they are said
to have been not uncommon and bred
here in earlier times, the fact of their
occurrence in this vicinity at the pres-
ent time, was unknown to me until re-
cently.
On May 24th. 1894, a boy offered to
sell me two Sandhiil Cranes’ eggs, which
he had found about a week previously.
The next Saturday, May 26th, I started
out to his place to try and collect some
eggs. Inthe afternoon we started for
a marsh, which a pair of White Cranes
had frequented all spring. The boy
said that quite a number of White
Cranes had been seen around there in
the early spring, but only one pair had
remained over. As we came up over
the top of a hill we saw in the middle
of a large marsh two white objects,
which looked like large rocks, but they
began moving, and had evidently seen
us aS soon aS we saw them, for they
soon rose up with slow, heavy flaps of
their great wings and flew over to the
further side of the marsh, where we
could see them stalking along with long
strides as fast asa man could walk. In
fact, when they stood straight up, they
looked almost as tallasa man. Occa-
sionally one would utter a whoop that
could be heard for a long distance.
We waded along the whole length of
the slough finding some masses which
looked like Cranes’ nests, but securing
uothing but a Grebe’s egg, which I dug
out of a wet floating mass of rotten
vegetation. While wading through the
slough we scared up several small
flocks of Mallards, Pintails, Biue-wing-
ed Teals, and saw Wilson’s Phalaropes
and Black Terns by the dozen.
When we got near the nest end of the
slough,I started to wade down a branch
that went off towards the south. I saw
several Cranes’ nests or muskrat houses,
I could not tell which, only a few rods
apart. As I stood up on one and look-
around I saw two great eggs on the
next one.
All this while the two Cranes had
been stalking along on the hill quite a
ways off, keeping close together, and
seemed trying to attract our attention
by holding their heads down, dragging
one leg, and sometimes spreading their
wings. Iyelled to the boys to come
over. as I had found a Crane’s nest.
While they were coming up, the Cranes
were approaching nearer until they
were about twenty rods away. They
would stand perfectly still for 2 minute
ata time, with the wings wide-spread
and held out from the body, and made
a beautiful picture with their graceful
snowy-white bodies and great black-
tipped wings. On our coming towards
them they flew a short distance and
lighted again. My companion and I
went around in opposite directions to
try and get a shot at them, but the
Cranes were too wary to be outwitted
by such maneuvers and before we could
get within forty rods of them they flew
up again and lighted over in the slough
nearer the nest. My brother, who was
sitting on the nest while we sneaked
around, said they then came up within
about ten rods from him, and would
264
hop on one leg, stretch out one wing,
and try to decoy him after them.
We could see the Cranes far out on
the prairie for the hour or two we were
around there, and even after we were
out of sight we could hear their loud
singing whoops. The Whooping
Crane’s note seems to be louder and
has a more ringing and resonant tone
than the Sandhill Crane’s voice, which
has a rougher, rasping sound.
But, let us speak of the nest. It was
a mass of grass, rushes and reeds about
two feet across and eight or ten inches
above the water, which at this place
was about a foot anda half deep. The
water was open fora few feet around
the nest, but in most places was grown
up with rushes and saw-grass. The
nest was so solid that I sat down on it
without sinking it into the water.
The eggs were perfectly fresh. One
was a light greenish brown color, spot-
ted quite thickly and evenly over the
whole surface with brown and _ buff
spots and purplish shell markings.
The ground color of the other egg was
of a light brownish color, without a de-
cided greenish tinge, spotted about the
same as the first egg, but with many of
the spots confluent at the larger end.
They measnred 4.06x2.38 and 4.08x2.50,
respectively.
In comparison with a set of two eggs
of the Sandhill Crane, they appear pro-
portionally longer and narrower, and
have a somewhat rougher shell with a
few elevations on the shell like little
pimples.
This nest was found in the marshes
along the headwaters of the Iowa riv-
er, two or three miles northwest of
Hayfield or Madison Junction, Han-
cock county, Iowa.
RUDOLPH M. ANDERSON,
Forest City, Iowa.
July OOLOGIST was the most interesting and
instructive of tne 14O.and O. papers I take.
Isador S. Trostler, Omaha, Neb.
THE OOLOGIST.
Habits of the American Woodcock in Ashta-~
bula Co., Ohio.
F. C. HUBBARD.
The American Woodcock, Philohelaw
minor, is a quite common summer resi-.
dent, but is rapidly diminishing in num-
bers, it may be found from March to,
October.
The Woodcock is one of the most, if
not the most highly esteemed of our.
game birds, may be found at almost,
any season of the year when the ground,
is not frozen. The Woodcock during:
the breeding season frequents the dense.
woods even hill sides, but in this case.
in the vicinity of water. After the
breeding season they are found in more.
open wet places, especially at night for.
their habits are quite nocturnal. Corn-.
fields, pastures and commons with a,
rich loamy soil are favorite places ofj
resort after sunset.
The Woodcock once so common jin,
this section of Ohio, are fast diminish-
ing, owing to the draining of our bogs.
and swampy lands. However, quite a,
number of these birds breed yearly,
and two sets of four eggs each were.
taken during the season of 794, by eol-.
lectors in our village. One of the sets:
I was fortunate enough to purchase of a.
young man, not a very enthusiastic col-
lector. The eggs were collected by the.
boy’s father four miles from here in the.
Grand River valley while on a fishing.
excursion. On May 30, 1890, I found,
two young Woodcocks nearly large
enough to fly and tried my best to raise
them, although they would eat insects
and worms given them they soon died;
probably on account of the lack of.
nourishing substances not known to me..
Ihave since come to the conclusion,
that it is better to leave them in their.
element than to imprison them, even if:
they can be raised.
When disturbed from the nest or the.
young are endangered the parent ex~
THE OOLOGIST 261
the leaves. It is the Thrasher’s even-
ing lay: softened by distance and sweet-
ened by the hush of night. It seems
that the fall of darkuess affects the
birds as it affects us. In the morning
their song is the joyous outburst of a
glowing spirit, thrilled with the happi-
ness of Earth, but when the shades of
night gather about them and surround
them with darkness and helplessness
their voices appeal with incomparable
sweetness to that Guardian who notes
even tho fall of a spariow, in a song
touched with sympathy, tempered with
reverence and hallowed with love.
«Sweeter far that melting voice
Than all which through the day rejoice,
And still shall bard and wanderer love
The twilight-music of the groye.”’
Harry C. LILLIE.
‘Notes From Audubon’s Biography.
PART:
After a very pleasant visit in Frances
Audubon and Swainson returned to
England, where Audubon spent the
winter.. In April, 1829, he sailed for
America. On reaching his native land,
he leaped on shore scoured the woods
of the Middle States, and reached
Louisiana by the end of November.
Accompanied by his wife he left New
Orleans on the 8th of January the year
following, and sailing from New York
on the first of April, had the pleasure
after a short and delightful voyage, of
landing safely in Liverpool. On his ar-
rival in London, Audubon ‘vas present-
ed by his excellent friend, Mr. J. G.
‘Children, with a diploma from the Roy-
al Society.
Previous to his departure from Eng-
land ona second visit to the United
States, Audubon had the honor of be-
ing presented to his Royal Highness the
Duke of Sussex, by whom he was favor-
ed witha general letter of introduction to
the authorities in the British Colonies.
Audubon and his wife sailed on the
first of August, 1831, landed at New
York,where but a few days were spent,
and proceeded to Philadelphia, where
Audubon met his old friends, secured a
few subscribers, and was_ presented
with more diplomas. Audubon now
had two assistants; one from London,
Mr. Ward, the other a highly talented
Swiss, Mr. George Lehman. At Wash-
ington Audubon received from _ the
heads of our Government letters of as-
sistance and protection along the front-
ier, which it’ was his purpose to visit.
The party, from Washington, proceed-
ed down the broad Chespeake Bay,
reached Norfolk, and boarding another
steamer soon arrived at Richmond.
Having made the acquaintance several
years before of the Governor of Ken-
tucky, Audubon went to him, and was
received in a most cordial manner, and
furnished with letters of introduction.
After the visit to the Governor the par-
ty proceeded southward to Charleston,
and it was while in this city that Audu-
bon made the acquaintance of the Rev.
John Bachman. It was late in the af-
ternoon when they took up their lodg-
ings at Charleston, and being greatly
fatigued by their journey, they imme-
diately retired. At the first, streak of
dawn Audubon and his assistants were
already several milesfrom the city,
commencing their search in the fields
and woods; and having procured abun-
dance of subjects, both for the scalpel
and pencil, they returned home, cover-
ed with mud, and so accoutred as to
draw the attention of everybody te-
wards them. As the party approached
the boarding house Audubon observed
a gentleman on horseback close to their
door. He looked at our naturalist
closely, came up and inquired if he was
Audubon, and being answered in the
affirmative instantly leaped from the
saddle, shook Audubon cordially by the
hand, and urged him with his assist-
ants to remove to his house and make
262 THE OOLOGIST.
their headquarters there. Dogs, ser-
yants and horses were placed at the dis-
posal of the party, and they remained
with their kind host during the whole
of their stay in Charleston. This was
the character of the eminent Dr. Bach-
man.
From Charleston the party sailed for
the Floridas, and after some delay, oc-
casioned by bad weather, put into a
harbor near St. Simond’s Island, where
they were so fortunate as to meet Mr.
Thomas B. King, who, after replenish-
ing their store of provisions, subscribed
for a copy of the “Birds of America.”’
Soon after they were safely landed at
St. Augustine, where they commenced
their investigations.
In April, through the influence of let-
ters from the Hon. Lewis M’Lean of
the Treasury Department and the
prompt assistance of Col. J. Pringle,
they went aboard the Revenue Cutter
‘“Marion’’ at Indiana Key, and were af-
forded important aid by the Deputy
Collector, Mr. Thurston. Having ex-
amined every part of the coast, which
it was the duty of the commander of
the ‘‘Marion” to approach, the party
returned to Charleston, where they dis-
banded, Audubon bending his steps
eastward, being anxious to keep pace
with the birds during their. migrations.
At Philadelphia Audubon was joined
by his family, and from there went on
to Boston. Aboutthe middle of August
they left their Boston friends and
journeyed eastward, and after a pro-
longed trip came in sight of Moose Is-
land. Leaving Moose Island they went
to Dennisville, where they made the ac-
quaintance of the estimable Judge Lin-
coln and his family. Having decided
to explore the provinces of New Bruns-
wick they proceeded to St. Johns,
where they were treated in a very kind
manner; and ascending the river of that
name reached Fredericktown, where a
week was spent.
At Fredericktown they embarked in
an old tow-boat bearing the high-sound-
ing title of the ‘‘Favorite.”” As she
happened to be the only vessel around
she was indeed a “‘favorite.” The old
vessel contained men of all descrip-
tions, from the wealthy farmer and
land-holder down to the meanest ped-
dler. The ‘‘Favorite” was commanded
by a person of rude manners and un-
couth appearance, on a par however
with the surroundings. Two cadayer-
ous locking nags were hitched to the
end of a long tow-line, driven by a half-
clad negro, who was urging them along
at the astonishing speed of some two
miles an hour. Gradually they pro-
eeeded, until, in the afternoon they
landed to exchange their weary
“‘steeds’’ for others which were in near-
ly as sorry condition. Audubon and
his party espied a house on a near-by
hill, surrounded by a group of people,
and upon enquiring if dinner could be
had, was told by the landlord ><
Necrology.
Ford, Walter J., of Joliet, Ill.
LOWES:
Aged
JUNE CONTEST.
Thirty-nine Judges.
1. A Day with the Cooper's Hawks,
2. Notesfrom Audubon’s Biography,
3. The Whip-poor will, 108.
4. Some Winter Bird-Life, 96.
5. Vireouidse nn Iowa, 47.
The Judges’ prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No. 28—Arthur P. Simmons, No.
43 Grand St., Troy, N. Y. Exact.
2. No. 5—Chas. 4H. Dickinson,
Grand Rapids, Minn, 2, 1. 3, 4, 5.
3. No. 383—Rogeis P._ Gillespie,
Starkville, Miss, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5
4. No. 23—J.H. Brown, Davenport,
ilowa, 1, 3, 2, 4. 5.
5. No. 4—KEd. Doolittle, Painesville,
(Oy, 1, 25.85 0 4:
The olen ing Judges named the win-
ning articles:
No. 2—R. McPherson, Mass.
3—Cyrus Crosby, N. Y.
8—F. G. Hargest, N. Y.
12—C. Irvine, Tex.
21—W. H. Osgood, Calif.
24H, C. Lillie, Calif.
27—W. Truitt. Kans.
30—D. F. Weeks, Oregon.
34—N. G. Van DeWater, N. Y.
35—B. A. Garrett, N. Y.
39—F. Me Allister, Mich,
All prizes were mailed on July 10.
THE OOLOGIST
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the jirsé day of September.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and
mail tous. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes hav-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
Figures of Importance.
Examine the number following yout
name on the wrapper of this OOLOGIST.
This number denotes the time when
your subscription expires or has expir-
ed.
56 signifies your subscription expir ed June, 1890
62 Dec
68 a a ae oe June, 1891
7 Hy He a Dec. 5
80 oe oe oe be ee 1892
86 ee oe ee be Dee
92 Q ee ie 3 June, 1893
98 oe ‘ ‘ ‘ Dee
104, *s oe ie ne cae 1894
INO) = o8 " ue Willexpire Dec. ‘
We are desirous of straightening our
subseription books at once and trust
our subseribers will send in their sub-
seriptions for ’94 including all arrear-
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary te accomplish this
are as follows:
56" — $2.95, 62" 82.00. “68—$1.75. ‘74”.—$1.50
“80"—$1.25. ‘86"—$1.00. °92"—75e. 98" —50e.
10."—25e.
Should you desire to discontinue
your subseription to the O6LOGIST your
indebtedness to us is 15 cents less than
the above amount. The figures are
according to our books July 7, 1894,
and many renewals received since that
date have been eredited on our books,
but not on the wrapper.
Wonderful o4"Harte, Seweier,
Rochester, N. Y., will bring.
4 4shoetGuns
ago = 2
Vr
2) op) 5 ‘Send stamp ——=7
a) & for Price List. Q@unWorks,Pittsburgh,Pa-
SEINES, NETS, TENTS, and
SPORTING GOODS.
Every description of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu-
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric-
es. We have somethirg of interest to you.
THE OOLOGIST. 269:
kixchange Extracrdinary.
I need at once the following first class eggs, either in sets or singles, in ex-
change at Standard Catalogue rates. or if in sets I will allow 10 per cent above
these prices, in exchange for the articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in any
quantity. No amount less than $1.00 can be “bothered with,’ unless 10e in stamps
is enclosed to pay postage and p: icking. If you have any rare,or quite desirable
species, in quantity to offer, send list. Species wanted, A. O. U. Nos.
1-4 6-7-12-16-27-29-49 53-58-59-64-69-70-7 1-72-74-77-€0- TOSSINES Inlais eb © plea eee es eee een 25
any eoamornns Ducks or Geese, 190-191-194-196- 10 different specimens of Coral........... -....... 1 00
197-20 1-205-206-208-211-212-214-218- 19-225-226-22e-230- IMibiiiays WBN, (CUMET OMS cots sscccs beacosusccasecnose see 25
258-263-273-278-281-289-244-Anv rare Quail or Tarantulasmnvountedhin iB Ox... 8-2 ees 1 50
Grous®, 305-310:315- ny Hawks or Owls (except IBV evelke Sp weiaglsials 2 ee yeeaasooadesacae SEA Mas amy aan (0)
333)-394-402 409-416 417-420-423-Any Hummer. 452- Quartz Crystal ........ 20) -
457-458-462-464 to 457-476-Anyv Jays except 477 & Chiastolite Crystal . 2)
477a -486-488 a-489-494-194a, -495-496- 97-501-50 La -505- 50 varieties of minerals 3 00
509-510-51 1a-513-517 531-538-539-542a-5 16 -559 -549--5d52- IMO Seah (Wire olanial ooo aE aco 5) eB:
552a,5)4-554.a-554.b-558-563-567-573-581 D-581 0-581 e-587- OSSIMBEZ Olive © Olidleeege seas poe eee eee 25
587a-F88a-588b-59 1 -94-595-596-598-599 601-604-608-610- Fossil Fish Eggs in vapeur 15.
614 616-619-6220-624 628-631-Any desirable War- Alllgator tooth . Butt 20:
blers. positively identified -674-687 -681-697-700-T01- 100 var. Foreigu Stamps... 30:
poe al ea OMe US ae ies el -733 - 135 -751- 1000 Mixed Stn LIB) Sewers aes sey SRL Ao te eae 1 2%
755-758a-759b-763-767-768, Mougolian Pheasant at 3
20¢ each. Snake at 10c, Alligator at 2dc- < See Ser LS. 5
4 3 ul Smlake =e acn©Owateyieea ees eae eee ee eee 1d
T will accept any species not mentioned above Money Cowrv wi ees 15.
at %rates. Standard catalogue prices must be Indian Wampum Slewenir asics ale re tay gc en RUAN al Bs 10
used asa basis. All eggs must be strictly first- Gnawed Cowry eS Ay eet NES Oe WT et es
class in every particular, and if not in this con- Liv CG Wie ae i ae eI SY ne ae ees
dition. I will take five times the actual cost of AGIAaKeY IMRURTON i 30
return postage to pay for trouble, and return Olive or Key ARGU te ee ee ey a 15
balance. y Asapis tilearalis:
In return for the above. I offer any of the fol- PGavini iShie ll pelea pantie ues n Mueecen, Ua el 05
lowing articles, specimens or supplies at the Rotellas 0. ccc ee es 0D
prices quoted. Japanese Eburna ... 2
No. 1. 8-100 Egs CUTER eee eee ee AN $ 10 IN OWA, SCBWNOD ccscresessosesesdedouce Ladeubesste6s6 oss 15.
INJOG 26. TESTI aN Te iat iets ee ae Aaa ae eee eae 10
INI@s Be epi) BY 15
No. 4. 18-100 *‘ 17 Wood Ibis
No. 5. 21-100 25) White Ibis
INT CILCVECPBTOW DID Ch sies 25 sue a coe a 25 Noddy Tern
Imperfect OMIT Cie sess eee 10 Sony UNeremN se
300d Nickled Plated Embryo Hook........ ... 30 Biuidlicd; Merny: ewes
Glass Eyes, No. 10 Flint, per pal RIAN ce eels 10 Hale Orme eee
NOs aauae a 15 Chachalaca .
No. 22) ** 35 White crown ‘Pigeon _
No. 26 50 Mex. crested Flycatcher
100 Data Blanks, assorted 35 MED: NS} (SO aI RON (ead sain uae uee me Un a
2s) Cine @lbcihayer Tasers ea ee ai CS Cae aa ae I 7 Grey-tail Cardinal
Standard Catalogue - oa aE Twa E() Sharpe’s Seedeater__.
Brown Banded Sea Bean.. Pea Maan Dealt 10 Sennett's Thrasher
Red or Gray Soa Bean -....-..-...2.... Bees 2 Os) > oeronayer, ARIANA, oe an Sa ol ee
PN COEMMS AGMA Cl Ose se eaerte eens nc Ee 15 JDO, JENA ong) a obs a sp pace sotanneeeasnec
Smalls tachishe. sa... ot legates enn asnanene IOI sey HATER ca ea DLs MORE le oe De
Large Calif. Urchin rare 1.00 JNraoS rez Wa (OPOMREN Sao veecessecscosoe-on cebdecocueesseee
Sea Horse, slightly pepe tee 25 CTOOPETIS i El alwys See OUI BUEN Aa eaeeea ea
Sikateph cost iee pee aia (ei CRN se Sot) Little Blue Heron.............
Mansa Po eecn meus ieee nh eno 15 Leaches Petrel...............
Hammerhead Shark ege SOOM Os hebe Dr a ae 30) Amer. Herring Gull
Sein aS, Sein (2xXoVovol sees Seas haan cee eesea asses 50 CalniesMiurnre =.
THIS OFFER HOLDS GOOD UNTIL SEPT. 15th,
At which time shonld I see fit to extend, or make a similar one, many of the
more desirable curios., eggs, etc., will positively be withdrawn, as my stock will
not warrant a continuance of the offer.
As perhaps a great many of the readers of the O6LoaIstT, will remember, dur-
92 I issued monthly Bulletins of Eggs. During 93, owing to my presence at
he World’s Fair, they were discontinued, but as I now have a large surplus of
many desirable species, I shall on Aug. 1st, issue a new bulletin of Birds eg ges, in
sets and singles. All desiring to purchase eggs, send stamp for copy of same. IT
trust.I may be favored in the future with the liberal share of your patronage, that
I have in the past.
WALTER F. WEBB, Albion, N. Y.
The Old Stand of F. H. Lattin & Co.
270
New Standard Catalogue
OF
North /\merican Birds Frogs
COMPILED BY
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire,
J. Parker Norris, Esq., ond
the late Capt. B. F. Goss.
It gives the Common and Scientific name of
every North American Bird according to the
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O,
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one
hundred of which never appeared on any print-
ed list before.
It is not a personal catalogue of any one
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector
in the entire World who has or could furnish
all the species whose values are given, and
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over
trom 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.
Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons
Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also
Shot Car- SPECIMEN HUNTERS,
tridges for
All kinds. all prices from $1.99 to $25.00. List
free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list.
JAMES H. JOHNSTON,
PITTSBURG, PA.
Promptly secured. —
and Labels registere
perience,
THE OOLOGIST.
Davie's Nests and Eggs
(030 ———>
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M. D.
and W. Otto Emerson,
This work is descriptive of the Nests and‘ Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur orare indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
“The breeding range of each species ls given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in tormer editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
given,
An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the
eld,
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
BIRDS BGGS*
CURIOS.
IP | Ke
fice enti MA
CHAS.K.REED, Dk aN
nSt. WORCESTER .MASS.8"
Fair and Resort Goods.
Parties desiring to make an exhibit at their County Fairs or Resorts should
consult my prices before buying elsewhere.
I have one of the largest stocks in this country—of Shells, Shell Boxes, Spar
Jewelry, also Agate and Sea Bean Jewelry, Fine Polished Agate Goods, Curios
both Land and Marine, and Corals of all kinds; and can put you up a good as-
sortment for a Fair or Resort at from $25.00 to any amount you care to invest.
Write at once if you wish to make an exhibit.
I have a surplus of over $5,000 worth of these goods in my stores at
Chautauqua, and in storage at Albion, and must close them out regardless of
value during the next 90 Days.
Small orders under $10 are not solicited, but if
you have that amount, or over, to invest it will pay you to send me your list of
wants, for prices.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
«
THE OOLOGIST 271
Birds of Ontario
Being a concise account of every species of Bird known to have been found in Ontario, with a
DESCRIPTION OF THEIR NESTS AND EGGS
And instructions for Collecting Birds and Preparing and Preserving Skins, also directions how to
form a Collection of Eggs.
BY THOMAS McILWRAITH
(Member of American Ornithologists’ Union.)
2d Edition, Enlarged and Revised to Date, with Illustrations by ERNEST E. THOMPSON and others.
CLOTH, 424 PAGES - - $2.00.
To this new and revised edition of his excellent work on the birds of this Province, Mr. MclIl-
Wraith has brought the fuil knowledge of a life study, the accuracy of the thorough scientist, and
the taste and polish of a finished writer, while his pages glow with an enthusiasm the reader is
Sure to find infectious. The book is printed in new, Clear type, on paper of good quality, and put
in handsome and substantial extra English cloth covers. Canadian readers will be interested to
know that a large number of the beautlful illustrations with which the book is embellished are
the work of Mr. Ernest EH. Thompson of Toronto, whose reputation as a painter of birds is not
surpassed, we believe, by that of any other living artist.
COMMENTS.
Referring to the new Canadian Ornithology: ‘‘Decidedly the best we have is this work of a
veteran observer (Thos. McIlwraith). It places Canadian ornithology more nearly au courant
with the progress of the science in other parts of America, and easily advances the author to the
first place in his own field.”,-—Dr. Elliot Coues, in the “Auk.”
‘For many years Mr. Mcilwraith has been the acknowledged and official head of ornithology in
Ontario, and his name attached to any work is sufficient guarantee of merit; for since the days of
Gosse I believe there has been no Canadian naturalist who more happily combined accurate
knowledge with a felicitous manner of expressing it. When Mr. Mc Ilwraith’s first edition ap-
peared it was practically out of print within a few months of its publication, and the number of
enquiries during the last year or two show that a similiar. reception awaits this, for the work is
undoubtedly the best extant on the birds of Ontario.”.—Ernest E, Thompson, Naturalist to
the Manitoba Government. Sent prepaid upon receipt of price $2.00. Address all orders to
FRANK H.LATTIN,
Publisher of THE OOLGIST. ALBION, NEW YORK.
MHAGARA EA ILI.S.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootogisr visit Niagara annually
and they always make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc7upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGes in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarrers for
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SpecIMEN, Novetty or Souvenir line pertain-
ing to Niagara.
cis)
=~}
(is)
THE OOLOGIST.
FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES
, AND ALL METALS :
Lubricant and Rust Preventative Combined.
FOR ALL METALS.
It prevents pits in Shot Gun and Rifle Barrels. It keeps metals
bright and free from tarnish and preserves their finish for years.
Ffleat or Cold does not affect tts consistency.
IT NEVER GUMS OR DRIPS,
an advantage not possessed by any other lubricant in the world.
An indispensible article for all kinds of Fire Arms, Fine Machinery, Gun Locks,
Bicycles, Camp Kits, Odlogists’ Instruments, Taxidermists’ Instr uments, Natur-
alists’ Instr uments, Surgical Instruments, Embalming Instruments, Cutlery,
Brass Work on Yachts, Copper and Stee! Plate, &e. In all respects the very best
preparation for any metalic surfaces where a non-gumming lubricant and rust
preventive are required.
SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 1b. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00.
Beware of imitations said to be “‘just as good.”’
Gunoleum is for sale in nearly all the priaciple cities in the United States. The
following parties buy in quantities and can supply the trade.
Henry C. Squire & Son, New York. Ferdinand & Co., Boston, Mass.
A. G. Spaulding & Bros., New York, Chicago Horn & Paine, Eugene, Oregon.
and Philadelphia. Bibbins & Sherman, Syr acuse. N. Y.
R. Liddle & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Wm. Prettie & Co.,
Edw, K. Tyron, Jr. & Co., Philadelphia. Jno P. Lovell Arms Co., Boston, mane
Jno. T. Bailey & Co., E. H. Keller & Co., Sheybogan, Wis.
Wm. H. Schleigh, Baltimore, Md. Messrs Spary & Co., Middleboro. Mass.
R. H. Jewell & Co., Los Angeles, Cal. Jno. P. Dannefelser, New York City.
Wm. Read & Sons, Boston, , Mass. Jno. Krieder, Philadelphia,
A. D. Wilkinson, W. Scott Boyenton, Newport News, Va.
If your dealer does not have Gunoleum, send 25¢c in stamps for large collapsible
tube by return mail. Address all communications to
THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO.,
BAY SHORE, L. L, N. Y., U. S. A.
* Vos :
EAR eA eI RAIeAIRIeD 2 1) a SRT EDEA gegen” é
EN. oe é
— EN« 2
HE» QOLOGISY. <
~ Zi i H G lo Meee,
= a ee,
Roe fa _
Ce Oe re praia th TERRA Ra earn TESA ES OM @ ONT CWO Ealesalesalenalealenipey S
Se, a7 faa Eay eae Say eeay exayesa ez) } aletera ane O AN
NEA ? ‘ ek
NS Monthiy. ( PY 50c¢ Ber Year.
VOL. XI. NO. 9.
ALBION, N. Y., SEP., 1894.
WHOLE No. 107
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, “Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.
35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each
Terms, cash with order.
additiona!
“)
oC
Fox Rug, with finely mounted head,
mauth open it?s complete --:-..-2:---2-.--22-- 12 00
RIACCOOTIAR UP ee ee i ole gaa 10 00
: MOUNTED SKELETONS.
Mink .
Parrot ones
Sereech Owl.
SEROUS Abs Soret weete | tn Ss wes UNS I oi
TYR O GN Senki is oboe eh le
Red | SN CHIME OT) Bet wee ad! eee a ce ac sca non suay taes 3 25
Skull of Boa Constrictor. Betis Pao EEN tl en 1 75
Bird Skins. Mounted Birds, Mammals, Rep-
tiles. etc. I make a specialty of jine custom
work in taxidermy. Send for price Lists. Raw
Furs bought in season. GEO. F. GUELF,
Practical Taxidermist, Brockport, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST.
Exchange Extraordinary.
AS many collectors have now only returped
from there summer vacation and have not had
time to pack and send the eggs they desire to
exchange
I extend the offer contained
in August OOLOGIST until Oct Ist. My special-
ty is
Eggs in sets with full and
careful data, small holes, etc.,
all such sent me I will allow 10 per cent above
Standard Catalogue Rates. I need at once sets
or singles any quantity 725, 718, Rare Warblers,
624, 598, 616, 622, G01, 610, 605, 597, 587, 567, 549, 550,
604, 624, 627, 622b, 587a, 581d, 567, 5d4b, 552a, 546,
542a, 531, 580, 517, 513. 5lla, 510, 497, 494, 489, 488a,
485, 484, 479, 476, 474c, 466, 457-8, 447, any Hum-
mers and Nests, 416, 417, 418, 418, 409, 408, 405.
402, 398, 378, 375, 373, 372, 368, 367, 366, eae ey) 845,
342, 339, 339a, 337, 837, 332, 331. 329. 328. 327, 319,
305, 300, 297a, 295, 294, 289, 261, 258, 228, "204, 215,
214. 212, 211, 208, 206, 205, 204, 197. 194, any Ducks,
ae €0, 74, 77, 69, “0171, 59, 58; 32; 27) 29) 16, 12, 4s
il,
Send on any or all that are first-class. Where
parties offer their entire seasons take in sets I
will make a good offer in desirable Southern
eggs and others. Address,
WALTER F. WEBB,
ALBION, N. Y.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia,
Pa. Send for sample copy.
Revolvers,
a Rift
fs Send stamp == "
for Price List. GanWorks, Pittsburgh Pe
S E | N E NETS, TENTS, and g
SPORTING GOODS.
Every RR, of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu-
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric-
es. We have somethivg of interest to you.
pate
\i AID) Something new
Full particulars. One man
AGENTS * made $27.40 in one day. One
lady made $8 in one day.
Address Lock Box 113 A. B. P. CO., South Bend
Indiana. Mention OoroGist.
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG,
TAXIDERMIST,
AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN
Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds
and Animals.
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A.
When answering advertisements:
always mention the ‘OOLOGIST.”
THE OOLOGIST.
VOL. XI. NO. 9. ALBION, N
Nesting Habits of the Hooded Warbler.
This Warbler is quite common cer-
tain seasons in Michigan and may be
found nesting in all sections where it
remains. However, like many other
species of birds, more particularly the
Warblers, it is variable in its choice of
location. Sometimes it is found quite
abundant during May and June, and
again in the same locality is noted only
with great difficulty.
It arrives May first or later, and one
season I did not observe a bird until
May 14, although the birds soon be-
came abundant after this date and nest-
ed in the locality. It is one of our shy-
est birds and to the ordinary collector
will remain unknown, although per-
haps abundant in the neighborhood.
For this reason we often see collections
of skins with a single specimen, and the
owner claims that the species is rare,
whereas the Warbler has been simply
overlooked.
The Hooded Warbler, Sylvania mi-
trata (GMEL.), usually arrives on the
southern boundary of Michigan, about
forty-two degrees north latitude, dur-
ing the first week in May. Nearly all
the birds pass further north, so itis
largely transient in this neighborhood.
Nevertheless the nests may be taken by
eareful observers each season.
I think that the birds rarely sing dur-
ing migration and only become musical
after settling for the summer. I have
heard the pleasing song-notes in the
second week in May and later, although
a sharp and characteristic call-note
may be given at any time.
This is one of those Warblers, who,
from their very shyness will remain un-
known, if the collector does not famil-
iarize himself with the song. How
*
5 Wop teased ees
1894. WV HOLE No. 107
often one meets collectors who eall
themselves thorough naturalists, who
know next tomothing regarding birds’
songs ana habits. There are unfor-
tunately far too many who think that
the whole business, science and pleas-
ure is summed up in simply robbing
nests and adding to the stock of eggs.
When I stroll with a companion, the
opinion I form of his qualifications is
largely due to his ability to identify
birds on the wing, or by the notes, or
if he can offer some notes of interest on
some species. I am but little interested
in long accounts of big climbs and
large collections. I have met men and
boys who did not collect, whose knowl-
edge of birds’ habits made them much
more companionable than those who
could simply brag of their powers as
collectors. I cannot imagine a less in-
teresting person than the egg-crank
who knows dothing of nature, and whe
thinks that robbing birds’ nests is the
ultima thule of the science of nest-hunt-
ing.
The Hooded Flycatching Warbler has
three distinct songs, two of which are
commonly uttered during courting and
nesting, and when these songs are
heard one may rest assured that the
birds are nesting or’ will nest in the
woods.
It is extremely difficult to get a view
of this species when it is singing and
Imade many unsuccessful efforts be-
fore success followed. The singer
keeps*in the underbrush and flits from
bush to bush keeping out of sight most
persistently.
When a strange song is heard in
wood or field a collector should always
search out the performer, and in this
way notes and nests of rare species
may be taken, or it may be that some
278
unknown song will prove to come from
a common bird which we have known
for years.
As usual, the first nest discovered,
May 27, °76, was found by accident on a
hill in a beech and maple woods about
two miles north of Kalamazoo. The
nest was in a small beech bush and
was placed in a trifid fork at about
thirty inches above the ground. There
was an abundance of undergrowth all
about and the place was retired and
seldom visited.
I knew at once that the find was new
to me, and as I had not seen the old
bird leave the nest, took my bearings
and left the two treasures, with one of
the Cowbird, to return for a full set
and complete identification later.
Two days afterward the spot was
again visited and the crawl to the nest
through the bushes was so carefully
made that I was permitted to view the
female setting and also to see the male
near.
As there were still but two Warbier
egos they were appropriated. The
nest was Jargely composed of bleached
maple leaves of the previous year.
These leaves, showing almost white on
the sides and bottom, gaye a very
pleasing appearance to the structure.
The interior was lined ‘vith fine roots
and grape vine bark. Altogether it
was a very clever piece of bird archi-
tecture and was compact, and more-
over was quite unique, as I have seen
no other nests which closely resembled
it. Across the top it measured slightly
over four inches, four high externally,
while the internal measurements were
two and a half inehes each.
On May 311 found another nest and
also two others on June 6th and 9th of
the same year, 1876. Two of the nests
contained three slightly incubated eggs
each. One nest held a single egg
which I was foolish enough to take
with the nest, thinking that the locality
was too distant to revisit, and that the
THE OOLOGIST.
species had become abundant for all
time.
The first and second nests were
found in the same patch of woods. I
also found another, a fifth nest vacant
in these woods, and waited a week and
then beheld a Baltimore Oriole’s egg
init. * A fifth nest was discovered in
a spruce bush, Lindera benzoin,in a low
piece of wet woods of -basswood, ash
and elm. The structure was entirely
different from the others, all of which
were placed in beech or maple bushes
from two to four feet up and in beech
and maple forests.
The eggs which I took varied in
length from .7l to .74 and in smallest
diameter from .53 to .58 of an inch.
The eggs are white with a greater or
less number of spots of red principally
at the larger end where they often form
aring, but sometimes scantily over the
entire surface. In some eggs there are
small plackish dots in the wreaths of
the larger ends,
In the years ’77 to ’85 I found this
species common and musical in May
and June in various parts of the state
but was generally engaged with other
birds so that I did not tind time to look
up the nests. The species is abundant
in St. John, Ottawa, Kent, Van Buren
and Montcalm counties.
This Warbler has very agreeable
notes, and the song is so well marked,
that when noted by an observer of bird
notes, he has no trouble in identifying
the songster. If a Hooded Warbler
is heard singing there will be no un-
certainty in predicting that there is or
will be a nest in that immediate neigh-
borhood.
The birds are never taken in fields
and rarely seen in half-wooded places.
Their choice seems to be heavy forests
with a thick growth of bushes. During
migration I have shot this Warblerin
* This singular find occurred a day or so
after asevere storm. Perhaps the Oriole lost
its Own nest and made use of this empty one.
.
THE OOLOGIST.
high trees, and it, like other members
of the family, migrates largely at night.
One was brought to me which had been
killed at night by flying against the
electric light in the city.
After July ist it is unusual to seea
specimen as they are so careful to con-
ceal their movements. I know nothing
about the time of their departure.
This is an elegant bird; vivacious and
most-interesting.
MorRIs GIBBS.
> <<< >_<
Oology vs. Philately.
I am going to give the definitions of
Odlogy and Philately, so as to illustrate
that stamp collecting is simply collect-
ing and amassing bits of paper, and
Odlogy is the collecting and studying of
something higher, but shall look toa
more correct authority (on these spec-
ial subjects) than Webster, and for Odl-
ogy I know of no better definition than
given by ‘‘Hugene Pericles” in his admir-
able article in the December Od6LoGIsT,
which is as follows: ‘Odlogy is a
branch of Ornithology.” And he goes
on to state the difference between the
true and the sham study, ete., (you
should read the piece) and may I add to
his definition, a most interesting man-
ner of studying Nature and her feath-
ered creatures.
Philately, as defined by the Century
Dictionary, is the fancy for collecting
and classifying postage stamps and
revenue stamps as objects of curiosity;
also the occupation of making such
collection. The above definitions are
acknowledged to be correct by the best
authorities on such subjects.
Odlogy may not be a great and glor-
ious occupation; it may not entitle any-
one to very great praise and distinc-
tion who have followed it as long and
devotedly as I have; but the true pleas-
ure, the pleasant moments and exhilir-
ation amply pay me for any praise or
distinction that I may have lost by my
Pa
study of Nature, her birds and their -
eggs, Ododlogy is an education itself.
All true Odlogists are close observers of
what goes on around and about them,
acute observers of nice distinctions,
careful observers of things that are
rare and all these insensibly inculcates
habits of study, which are in themselves
of immense value. And boys, they are
requisites of a successful business man.
And everyone will admit upon reflec-
tion that it has developed faculties with-
in himself that have aided and influ-
enced his after life. I am, therefore, a
warm advocate of the study of Odlogy.
The devotees are not in as many num-
bers as those of Philately. The latter
number over one million. We are,
however, brave and true in spirit.
Philately is simply a fancy for collect-
ing, this is acknowledged by their best
writers, and is not a deep love asin
Oodlogy. Itis engaged in by. curious
people and not by the careful and stud-
ious persons who pursue the study of
Oology. Philately is easily taken up—
as soon dropped—and of very little im-
portance. Stamps are engraved and
made by man; but each bird and egg is
a fitting representative of
greatness.
Some writers contend that stamp col-
lecting relieves the mind from business
and other cares; it does to a certain. ex-
tent, but as the pastime is pursued in- -
doors, it does not relieve the mind
body and soul, give any exercise as
tramps in the midst of forests.
If you are a stamp collector, or stand
dabbling one hand in Odlogy and the
other in Philately, my earnest advice is
to exchange or do away with your
stamps, even if you have to doit ata.
sacrifice, for some good well identified
eggs to begin a collection, and _ the-
study of Odlogy, or if you already have
a collection of eggs then add to it.
Also study the birds of your locality,
their habits and eggs; keep eyes, ears.
and note-book open; and last but
Nature’s
280 THE OOLOGIST.
not least become a subscriber to the
» OSLOGIST.
I really believe that if Philatelists
were aware of how I feel and think
when collecting and studying our birds
and their eggs, stamp dealers would
haye to goin pursuit of another busi-
ness. At the out-set it is as well to re
mind those about to plunge themselves
in the most fasinating study and pas-
time that there is no royal road to O6-
logy any more than there is to any
-other study or amusement.
A question will naturally be asked,
~why do people collect stamps? simply
‘this, it affords them some pleasure.
Nothing more or less. And why do
people collect and study birds and
their eggs? It affords them not only
pleasure, but study, a love of great and
glorious things, recreation, exercise
and the promotor of all things which
tend to make nobler manhood and
womanhood.
JOHN H. JACKSON.
El Paso; Tex.
A Beautiful Hummingbird’s Nest.
One Sunday while sitting under one
of the large cypress trees on the left
hand side of a lane, near St. Matthew’s
school at San Mateo, Cal., I hearda
buzzing noise and looking around for a
while I discovered a Hummingbird
about to alight on a twig some three
inches from the ground.
As soon as it had alighted it began to
pick little bits of moss from the trunk
of the tree. When it had enough it
flew across the lane and into a small
slippery elm tree where it perched on
a branch and began weaving the moss
into some hair which laid the founda-
tion for her nest.
Seeing that she returned to the twig
to get moss every time, I thought I
would play her a trick, so I got some
cotton and put it on the ground under
the twig and waited to see the result.
She soon came back for more moss
and when she saw the cotton she took
that, :
I now left her knowing that if I both-
ered her she would destroy her nest.
When I came a few days later I was
rewarded with a beautiful white nest
and two eggs. .
SHERMAN BAGG.
——_—————q@vr>Po________
Shapes of Eggs.
Various attempts have been made
says The Scientyfic American, to ac-
count for the diversity in shape seen in
eggs. A recent study convinces Dr.
Nicholsky that the difference may be
all traced to gravity, and he finds his
idea confirmed by all the eggs in the
zodlogical collection of the St. Peters-
burg University. He supposes that
pressure by the sides of the ovary tends _
to elongate the egg before the shell has
hardened. In birds which keep a ver-
tical position while at rest, as do the
faluon and the owl, the soft egg is
made short by the action of the weight
_of the body against the ovarian press-
ure; while in birds like the grebe that
are nearly always swimming, the egg
is lengthened because the bird’s weight
acts with the compression by the ovary.
The egg is made more pointed at one
end than at the other in birds that, like
the guillemot, are frequently changing
their position—sometimes ' swimming
and diving, sometimes perching on the
rocks, ete.
Western New York Naturalists’ Association.
The annual meeting of the Western
New York Naturalists’ Association will
be held in Brockport, Thursday, Octo-
ber 4th. All persons interested in Nat-
ural Science are invited to be present
at the evening session which will be
devoted to the reading and discussion
of scientific papers, and exhibition of
colllections.
For particulars address,
GEO. F. GUELF, Sec’y.
Brockport, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST. 281
Notes From Audubon’s Biography.
Part IV.
Soon after the arrival of Audubon’s
party in Boston Audubon’s son, Victor
Gifford Audubon, sailed for England to
superintend the publication of the
“Birds of America;”’ while Audubon re-
sumed his researches. At Boston Au-
dubon was attacked by a severe illness,
but, “thanks to Providence and_ his
niedical friends Parkman, Shattucktand
Warren,” he was soon enabled to pro-
ceed with his labors. A sedentary life
being the cause of his sickness, Audu-
bon resolved to set out once more with
his note-book and gun; and desiring to
explore the bleak wilds of Labrador, he
returned eastward with his youngest
son, John Woodhouse Audubon, and
soon after was joined by four young
gentlemen, all fond of Natural History,
among whom was Thomas Lincoln, the
son of Audubon’s old friend, Judge
Lineoln of Dennisville.
At Eastport, Maine, Audubon and
his little exploring party chartered a
beautiful little vessel, the ‘‘Ripley,” un-
der the command of Mr. Henry W.
Emmery. Cn the day appointed for
the departure of the party the wharf
was crowded with their friends and ac-
quaintances who had come to see them
off; and they were most of them agree-
ably surprised when as the stars and
stripes shot to the masthead, a salute
was fired from the guns of the fort
which towered over the bay on which
the beautiful ‘“‘Ripley” lay at anchor.
As they passed the Revenue Cutter at
anchor her brave captain paid them
a similar honor, after which he came
on board the “Ripley” and piloted the
party through a very difficult outlet.
The next day, favored by a good
breeze, they proceeded at a rapid rate,
and passing through the Gut of Canso,
launched into the broad waters of the
Gulf of St. Lawrence, and made sail
for the Magdelen Islands. There sev-
eral days were profitably spent, and
proceeding thence they came in sight
of the famous “Gannet Rock,” where
countless numbers of Solan Geese were
nesting. A gale coming up, they reef-
ed their sails and headed for the coast
of Labrador, which was sighted next
morning, and the “Ripley” was at
length safely anchored in American
Harbor. After a summer very pleas-
antly spent in Labrador, they embark-
ed again in the “Ripley” and stopped
long enough at Newfoundland to ex-
plore a portion of its woods and rivers.
Landing at Pictou, Nova Scotia, they
left the “Ripley” and proceeded to
Eastport, Maine, with their collection
of specimens. While in Pictou they
called on Professor McOulloch, by
whom they were received in a most
cordial manner, and were shown his
superb collection of Northern birds;
and Audubon was presented with rare
skins, eggs and nests. At St. Johns,
New Brunswick, Audubon had the
pleasure of meeting his old friend, Ed-
ward Harris of New York. Letters
from his son in England were handed
him by Mr. Harris, which compelled
Audubon to abandon his contemplated
trip through the woods of Quebec; and
he immediately proceeded to Boston,
where his wife was, and with her and
his youngest son hurried on to New
York, where Audubon added a number
of subscribers to his list. It was neces-
sary for Audubon to spend the winter
in the south, and he therefore deter-
mined to set out immediately. He ar-
rived in Charleston in October, 1833.
Circumstances rendered impossible his
projected trip along the Gulf of Mexico
and the Floridas, and for that reason,
after spending the winter in Charleston
with Dr. Bachman, he returned to New
York in March. Taking leave of his
friends in New York he embarked on
the packet-ship, the “North America,”’
282 THE OOLOGIST.
with an accession of sixty-two subserib-
ers and a large amount of specimens.
On Audubon’s return from the upper
Mississippi, he found himself obliged to
eross one of the wide prairies, which in
that part of the United States vary the
appearance of the country. His march
was of long duration, and he saw the
sun sinking beneath the horizon long
before he could perceive any appear-
ance of woodland, and nothing in the
shape of a man had he met the whole
day. Soon, however, he saw a fire-
light and moved towards it, full of con-
fidence that it proceeded from the
camp of some wandering Indians. He
was mistaken, however, and discovered
by the glare that it was from the hearth
of a small log cabin, and that a tall fig-
ure passed and repassed between him
and the fire. Reaching the spot he re-
quested a night's lodging, and was an-
swered that he could stay if he wished.
He walked in and took a stool by the
fire. A young Indian was in the room,
who at Audubon’s approach pointed to
one of his eyes, which was covered with
blood. While in the act of discharging
an arrow at a raccoon the shaft had
split upon the cord and sprung back
with such violence as to destroy his
right eye. It being rather late, as Au-
dubon observed by a fine gold watch
which he took from his pocket, which
attracted the covetous eyes of the hag
who owned the cabin, he inquired for
his bed. The woman wished to see the
watch, and taking it from the chain,
Audubon handed it to her. She was in
ecstasy over it. The Indian rose from
his seat and passed Audubon several
times and pinched him silently. His
eyes met those of the naturalist and his
look instantly put Audubon on_ his
guard. It then flashed across Audu-
bon’s mind that he was in peril. He
asked the woman for his watch, wound
it up, and under pretense of wishing to
see how the weather was, picked up his
gun and walked out of the cabin. As
soon as he was outside he slipped a
couple of bullets in his gun, renewed
the primings and scraped the edges of
the flint. A short time elapsed after
Audubon went to bed, when two stal-
wart youths made their appearance.
They asked for whiskey and at the same
time asked who the stranger was. The
woman told them and at the same time
made mention of Audubon’s watch.
Soon the woman took up a huge butch-
er knife and with the greatest coolness
proceeded to sharpen it. Her task fin-
ished she walked to her reeling sons
and said, ‘“There, that’ll soon settle
him!” Audubon turned silently, whis-
pered to his dog and lay ready to start
up and shoot his assailants. The in-
fernal hag was advancing slowly, prob-
ably contemplating the best manner in
which to dispose of her victim. Audu-
bon was several times on the point of
rising and shooting her, but as he was
about to do so the door opened sudden-
ly and two stout travellers entered,
each with a long rifle on his shoulder.
Audubon bounded to his feet and told
them of his peril. The drunken sons
were secured and the woman shared
the same fate. In the morning they
unbound the feet of the captives.
marched them into the road, set fire to
their cabin and gave all the skins and
implements to the young Indian. This
was the one and only oceasion when
Audubon was in danger of his life from
his fellowmen.
FRED W. PARKHURST,
Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y.
(LO BE CONTINUED. )
Crane Island.
In one of the fairest of the Minnesota
lakes, not very many miles from the
Twin Cities, there is situated a small
island, perhaps forty acres in extent,
where large numbers of Great Blue
Heron and Double-crested Cormorant
congregate to breed.
THE OOLOGIST. 283
The island is known as Crane Island
for the Herons are known only by that
name in the country round about and
the Cormorants are commonly called
Black Loons.
Shortly after the ice breaks up in the
spring, a Heron or a Cormorant may
here and there be seen in his flight to
the North, but it is not until the middle
of May that the nests here are finished
and the eggs deposited.
The nests of the Herons are built en-
tirely of sticks and J should judge are
about two feet and a half in diameter
by three-fourths of a foot in thickness,
while those of the Cormorants are not
much more than half as large in diam-
eter but are much thicker in proportion
and made of smaller sticks.
Both are quite flat at the top. I have
heard that a complement of Heron’s
eggs is commonly three or four.
When this island first became inhab-
ited is beyond the memory of the oldest
settler, but the depth of the loam might
indicate that for a long period here has
heen a nesting place. Atany rate the
birds still come and still go and each
spring brings them back seemingly un-
diminished in numbers despite the fact
that cottages are now yearly rising on
the shores.
J remember very clearly my first visit
here a few years ago and the delightful
surprise it gave me,
We had been fishing and lazily float-
ing along most of the day when late in
the afternoon we turned a point and
came in sight of seveial small islands
and the forest shores rising in low
bluffs beyond.
It was a calm clear summer after-
noon with not a ripple stirring the
waters and the shadows that were cast
into the lake were almost as lifelike as
the shores themse!ves.
From all directions came the Herons
lazily winging their way to one of the
islands and occasionally a swifter Cor-
morant skimmed along the surface of
the water.
From the distance the clatter of the
combined efforts of the denizens of
Crane Is!and came clearly to our ears
for it was so calm that the creaking of
an oar might be heard half a mile away.
In our wonderment and delight at
the beanty of the scene we could hardly
resist the temptation to row nearer and
it was not long before we reached the
island. We frightened a Woodchuck
into his hole in our ascent up the stony
bank, some larger animal moved away
in the weeds at the top and in a minute
or two we had picked our way through
the brush and smaller trees that skirt
the edge and were standing underneath
the nests.
The island was covered with mam-
moth elms whose spreading tops almost
intertwined with one another forming
a sort of canopy overhead.
Here would be a tree that would con-
tain a nest or two and there one that
would contain a dozen mostly situated
on the branches some distance out from
the trunk.
Herons and Cormorants dwelt side
by side often nesting in the different
erotches of the same limb.
Never did two more different birds
dwell together in more perfect harmony.
The squabbles of a bird seem to be
with his own kind only and a race war
is out of the question. I fear it would
go hard with the Cormorants if they
did fight.
Now the form of a Heron is seen
above the trees, a pair of long legs is
dropped and the bird alights with an
awkward balancing motion as if he ex-
pected the limb to break off with him.
There is a continual clatter as if all
were trying to talk at once. I call it
clatter out of want of another name,
for it is a miagiing of the squawks of
the Heron and tho chattering noise of
the Cormorant.
Occasionally the sounds die almost
out but a Heron gives vent to a harsh
cry and all immediately begin again.
284 THE OOLOGIST.
A commotion overhead attracts our
attention and two Herons stand face to
face with wings spread backward ‘and
open bills as if they were hissing at
each other, for they do hiss when en-
raged, but they svon quiet down.
Beneath the trees the ground was al-
ternately covered with tracts devoid of
vegetation and patches of rauk weeds
which grew to the height of three or
four feet, in places head high. As we
parted these weeds in front of us and
went. from tract to tract we examined
with eager interest all that lay before
us, now turning over a nest that had
fallen now poking about the bones of a
fallen bird.
Everywhere there were the remains
of fish, frogs and even mice and scat-
tered about in abundance were the blue
egg shells of the Herons and the chalky
shells of the Cormorants.
One thing particularly noticeable
was the number of holes of animals who
no doubt grubbed an excellent living
from fish that had been dropped.
I say ‘particularly noticeable” for
the reason that one was very apt to run
his foot in one while gazing skyward.
On returning I persisted in carrying
a Heron’s nest down to the boat and
filling up one end of it, to the disgust of
the rest of the party, having fine ideas
of varnishing each stick and reposing it
gracefully in one corner of my room,
but the novelty of the thing having
worn off, the remarks of my compan-
ions at last persuaded me to throw it
overboard.
We set out towards home in one of
those golden twilights, when the waters
are illuminated sometime after the sun
has gone down.
But even this soon must fade and as
it faded the noise of the birds became
less and less boisterous till finally it
died away altogether and when we
reached the point the sounds of our
yoices and the splashing of the oars
alone broke the stillness of a starlight
night.
JT have since come to spend my sum-
mers on a lake not very far from this
one and have seen much of both of the
birds in question.
No marsh within five miles of the is-
land is complete without its Heron or
quota of Herons and I have often seen a
dozen around one small lake standing
statue like in the bogs.
Sometimes they are found in these
places at night and the harsh eries of
one flying across the waters after dark
may often be heard.
As to captive Herons it is very often
difficult to get.them to eat, especially if
they are old ones, yet 1 know of one
that after being let loose returned reg-
ularly at meal times for his allowance.
Tonce obtained one that had been
wounded and fastened him by a small
rope so that he could wade about on
the shore of the lake. He most obsti-
nately refused all food and prefered to
spend his time standing in one position
all day long, and we finally had to
shoot him.
They occasionally put in their ap-
pearance in front of the cottages in the
early morning in search of of fish left
along the shore, and they seem to know
very well when the people are stirring
for they are not caught there after the
earliest morning hours.
At a boathouse a few miles from the
island, they had a large box, open at
the top, standing in a few inches of
water where frogs and minnows intend-
ed for bait were kept.
For several mornings the keepers
found great losses to have occurred in
the ranks of the frogs and fishes and fi-
nally one man put in his appearance at
daybreak to catch the intruder. He
founda most contented Heron inside
the box calmly helping himself, who,
when he saw that he was observed,
made off at a rapid rate. The next
morning vengence was decided upon
and the man laid concealed with a shot
gun, but the bird had made his farewell
THE OOLOGIST 285
appearance for he was not seen, neither
were they troubled with him again.
They are particularly treacherous
like the rest of the Heron family and
will strike for one’s eyes every time. I
have read two accounts of persons los-
ing an eye about this very lake.
A captive one makes no distinction
between keeper or stranger, and one is
as apt to strike suddenly out after be-
ing carressed and handled for days as
when first captured and they strike
with no little force for at one place
they exhibit a pine wood oar with a
Heron’s bill protruding two _ inches
thrcugh it and which was done by hold-
ing the oar in front of an enraged bird.
It is said that the county authorities
have forbidden the shooting of the Her-
ous for they are excellent scavengers
and keep the shores clear of dead fish,
frogs and the like, and help in a meas-
ure to keep down the mice and _ snakes.
Not so much attention is paid to the
Cormorants who spend their time in
diving about the lakes catching fish.
A tourist may occasionally bag one of
these birds by way of novelty and I
have heard of persons engaging in the
brutish sport of killing them in num-
bers from beneath the nests, but the
law is geuerally kept and they are per-
mitted to fly across the passes unharm-
ed.
When the young are able to fly the
Herons may often be seen winging
about by two’s and three’s, but soon
after only solitary birds are seen.
They begin to disappear one by one
as they leave for the more fertile
marshes, and by the middle of August
the island is left to the Cormorants and
the spirits and hobgoblins that, it is
hinted, inhabit the place.
The Cormorants bunch together and
may be seen flying across the water or
hanging about the island until the cold
weather forces them to leaye for a
warmer climate.
H. M. GuILFrorp,
Minneapolis, Minn.
Notes on the Phebe.
There is a strong tendency among
naturalists in general to study the hab
its and characteristics of the more rare
birds and animals. There is probably
not one amateur ornithologist in one
hundred, in New England, but what
could give a better off-hand description
of the habits of the Golden Eagle, which
he probably never saw, than of the
Robin, which for four or five months in
every year, he sees almost daily; or of
the Powbe, which, perhaps, annually
builds its nest in his woodshed. And
yet this little bird is well worthy of a
careful study.
Probably there is no bird which is
burdened with a greater variety of
names. Scientifically, it is known as
Muscicapa fusca, Sayornis fusca and
Sayornis phebe. Commonly, it is
known as Phoebe, House Pewee, Fly-
catcher, Pewit, Bridge Bird, Moss Bird,
Pewee and Pewit Flycatcher; and I pre-
sume I have not enumerated one half
ofits names. It is migratory, arriving
in this locality early in April and de-
parting about the middle of October.
It is very much attached to one locality
and if undisturbed in its nesting it will
return each season to the same place.
It loses little time, after its return, in
seeking a nesting place, but almost im-
mediately begins to build. Last spring
I found a half-completed nest, on the
nineteenth day of April. I did not
visit this nest again until the middle of
June, when I found two freshly laid
eggs in the nest, and unmistakable
signs that one brood had been raised
and had left the nest.
April twenty-fourth I found a nest
nearly completed. I visited this nest a
week later and found three eggs
These were removed and in ten days I
again visited it and found four more
eggs. These were not disturbed. I
did not see this nest again until about
the middle of June, and then it was
286
abandoned and I saw no signs of any
of those birds in the vicinity. About
the middle of July, however, I again
visited it and found four or five young
birds just beginning to fly.
Another nest was found about the
first of May, containing five eggs nearly
hatched. These were removed and
two weeks later there were four more
eggs. These were not disturbed. 1
visited the nest three or four times be-
fore the young were able to fly. ‘Then
the nest Was apparently abandoned for
about a week, when the birds again
took possession of it and Jaid four eggs.
I have found dozens of nests in which
I know that but one brood was raised,
but I have also found many in June
and some as late as July, just in the
process of construction, and I am_ very
confident that this bird always rears
two, and possibly three broods each
season; and asI have shown it some-
times uses. the same nest for the second
brood. It does not, however, use the
Same nest two years in succession, but
I have known it to tear an old nest to
pieces and build in the same place; and
I have known it to build the new nest
but a few inches from the old and to
use the greater part of the old nest in
building the new.
The nest is made of dried grass,
thickly cemented with mud, and cov-
ered, upon the outside, with a kind of
brown moss which it transplants so
neatly that it frequently takes root and
grows. The interior is lined, first with
a thick layer of soft hay and then one
of feathers. Its walls are very thick
and strong, and considering the size of
the bird, the nest is rather large. In
size and shape, and sometimes in loca-
tion, it resembles the nest of the Robin,
but its coverjng of moss prevents its
ever being mistaken for such. It has
been deseribad as resembling the nest
of the Barn Swallow. It differs from
this in its covering of moss
and it has a greater proportion of hay
however
THE OOLOGIST.
mixed with the mud of its walls, though
not as much as that of the Robin.
Then, too, the nest of the Phebe is in-
variably built upon a shelf or project-
ion, while that of the Barn Swallow is
almost always glued to the perpendicu-
lar side of a rafter and supported only
by the cohesion of its particles and its
adhesion to the rafter.
The Phcebe always bnilds where
neither wind nor rain nor the direct
rays of the sun ean reach its nest. I
have sometimes found its nest under a
bridge, but generally it prefers an open
woodshed or a dilapitated building.
In this immediate vicinity, where a
great quantity of maple sugar is made,
sugar houses are a favorite resort. It
frequently nests in barns, but I have
never found two nests occupying the
same building at the same time. In
_ choosing its location within a building
it seems to prefer the surface of a nar-
«ow board, nailed to the under side of
the rafters or overlays. But it some-
times selects exceedingly curious
_places. J once found a nest built upon
the nest of a Chimney Swift. ‘This nest
I deseribed in the June number of the
OGLOGIST, in an article entitled, -‘Notes
upon the Barn Swallow.” Once I
found one built against a beam and
resting only upon a large rail. I have
fond several built in false mortices,
andl one in an old chimney ina hole
from which a brick had been taken.
Another was on the top of a post about
six feet from the ground, and still an-
other on a smail horizontal pole sus-
pended by a rope in such a manner as
to be almost continually swinging.
Yhe eggs are of a milky whiteness,
with a round spot on the large end, of
a little different shade, which disap-
pears with the blowing. Sometimes,
but not often, there are very minute
black spots upon it. The number of
eggs in a nest varies from four to eight,
but five is by far the most common
number. After having completed the
THE OOLOGIST.
Masonry of the nest, the old bird al-
lows three or four days to elapse, and
then lines it. Laying is then begun
and one egg is laid every day until the
set is complete. Generally a few days
then elapse before incubation begins.
So far as I have been able to deter-
mine, the period of incubation is four-
teen days, but from the difficulty of as-
certaining just when it begins, I do not
make this as a positive assertion. ‘Ihe
old birds are very affectionate towards
each other and mate for life and when
not searching for food the male is -it-
ting upon the edge ofthe nest. He
never attempts to feed the young birds,
though he may bring food to the fe-
male. ‘The food of this bird consists
entirely of insects which it invaria ly
catches while upon the wing.
Early in the spring this bird has a
very pleasant note, from the sound of
which several of its names are derived.
As nearly as I can write it, or as nearly
as letters can reproduce it, the note is
pec-wee, sounded very plaintively, but
in a tone that can be heard a long way
off. When its nest is disturbed it hops
around uneasily and somewhat plain-
tively says peet-peet. I believe these
are its only notes.
C. O. ORMSBEE,
Montpelier, Vt.
<<>> +
Conglomeration.
HASH.
There is a boy in our town, his name
is Bob White. He is always Robin birds
nests for he is an egg collector One
time while out collecting with his chum
Will he spied a nest. ‘Cedar Wav-
wingY’ he exclaimed. ‘I Sora fly.
There must be eggs in that nest. It is
a difficult tree to climb and Ruff on
one’s shins; the nest is out on the end
of that limb. Wélleé hold me do you
think? I guess you had better hand
}
287
me that old Black Rail.
me to climb.
“You Loon,” said Will, ‘you can
Anot climb that tree.” “I can,” says
Bob, ‘‘Ani ain’t no Booby like you.”
Poor Will, his feelings were hurt, his
eyelids began to Flicker and Snowflake
pearly moisture trickled down _ his
cheeks.
Bob at last managed to climb the tree
Puffin from exhaustion. He exclaimed,
“This heat would Turnstone to water!”
Very carefully he creeps along the
limb for the Least Tern and he will
fall. After much trouble and exertion
he reaches the nest—empty. Let us
draw a curtain over this unhappy scene.
CLINTON M. Cary,
New York City.
——__——_*e--—_______
Hutton’s Vireo.’
-It will help
This is one of the most interesting
birds which [ had the pleasure of meet-
ing during my first season in Oregon.
My first set was collected May 381, 1892,
from a nest found by my father. The
nest was a light structure, hanging from
a fir limb, five feet from the ground
and ten feet from the tree, composed of
grass and moss, lined with fine rootlets,
and measuring two inches in diameter,
by one and one-half deep, inside, and
three and one-half by two and one-half
outside. It contained five little beau-
ties, pure white, speckled with two
shades of reddish brown, mostly at the
larger end. They measure 75x54, 76x
08, 77x54, 75x54, 76x54.
On June 6th, father found another
nest belonging to the same birds and
partly built of materials from the old
nest. It contained one egg.
June 10th,we went up and examined,
finding that it still contained but one
egg. Apparently the bird on seeing
father remembered its former exper-
ience and thought best to leave; though
this would appear to credit the bird
288 THE OOLOGIST.
with the power of learning by exper-
ience which does not exactly agree
with the definition of instinct. The
Hutton’s Vireo remains with us though-
out the winter and is usually seen in
company with the Oregon Chickadee.
FrEeD H. ANDRUS,
Elkton, Ore.
Protect Our Birds.
Dear Editor:
As I read the pages of the June OOLo-
Gist I was very much impressed by the
article under the head ‘‘Proteet Our
Birds.” It seemed to me, as I read
that article, that it ought to be endors-
ed by every true odlogist and lover of
nature.
The writer in that article speaks of
some collectors taking from ‘five to
twenty-five sets of the same species;
while they are identically the same in
marking, size and shape.”’
' Mr, Grady remarked also that if this
wholesale destruction of our birds con-
tinues what will become of them? And
Mr. Editor, what will become of them?
I think the one great trouble is, that
so many of our so-called ornithologists
are using (rifles) in a way that is shame-
ful to the public. They skoot every
little bird that comes in their sight.
Of course, it is necessary to shoot a
bird once in.a while, in order to tell
what species it is; but when a collector
takes from ten to twenty eggs of the
same bird I do not think that he has to
shoot the old birds every time in order
to tell the kind.
If some of our collectors would stop,
and reason with themselves, they
would soon learn that God never put
our birds on this beautiful earth to be
slaughtered in the way that they have
been; or, to have their nests robbed in
such a shameful manner.
Iam very glad that Mr. Grady wrote
this article, for if some of our so-called
collectors can comprehend anything,
they will soon see that Mr. Grady’s ar-
ticle is worthy of example.
And in closing, let me add, ‘“PRo-
TECT OUR BIRDS.”
P.S.—I have been taking your very
useful paper for seven months and J
am very much pleased with it.
CHAS. C. SWISHER,
Wyoming Co., Penn.
An Albino Nighthawk.
Some parties while hunting near
Lynchburg, Va., Aug. 29, 1887, killed an
albino Nighthawk. This bird was
pure white excepting the breast which
was very faintly marked with light
yellow: <
Two other albino Nighthawks have
been seen near the same locality, but
this is the only one which has been
killed, as far as I know. Are there any
other records on hand of albino Night-
hawks? J. W. Dz. Jr.
Some Twice Occupied Nests.
On April 15, 94, I found a set of Eng-
lish Sparrow’s eggs in an old Wood-
pecker’s hole. This hole was lined
with horse hair and straw.
On May 10, 1894, I took a set of Blue-
bird’s eggs from a hole in a maple tree.
On May 20, ’94, I took another set of
four. This cavity had been used before
by a pair of Crested Flycatchers.
On May 30, ’94, I fonnd a nest of four
young Red-wing Blackbirds in a nest
that had been built and used by a
Black-throated Bunting.
On June J6, 94, I founda set of
Bluebird eggsin a hole previously oe-
cupied by a Red-shafted Flicker.
On June 19 I found a set of Wren’s
eggs in a hole previously occupied by a
Woodpecker.
On July 10 I found a set of Mourn-
ing Dove’s eggs in a nest built and used
by a Robin.
W. E. WILLIAMS,
Lawrence, Kansas,
THE OOLOGIST. 289
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher,
ALBION, N. Y.
Correspondence and items of interest to the
' student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription - - 50c per annum
‘Sample Copies - - 5¢ each
‘The above rates include payment. of postage by us.
Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good
for an Exchange Notice and the other for 26c.
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Subscriptions can begin with any number.
Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnish
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip-
tions and prices.
t2"Remember that the publisher must be no-
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa-
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid.
ADVERTISING RATES:
-20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION.
Twelve lines in every inch.
SPECIAL RATES, for advertisements continued
Three months or more, per lin€............--..15€
‘Six months or more, per line..... coeeee LQ
Twelve months or more, per line........ eoeeee lI
ALTERNATIVE RATES.
For advertisements occupying any one issue
-One-half column (42 lines) or more, per‘line....15¢
One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 124¢
‘One page (168 lines) or more. per line..........10¢
Cash must accompany all orders.
Remittances should be made by Draft, Express
sor Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or
Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of
any denomination wiil be accepted tor sums un-
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts
payable and address all subscriptions and com-
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN,
; Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y.
7,* Articles, Items of Interest’ and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.
AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER,
@RTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y.,
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the jirst day of September.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and
mail tous. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes hav- .
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
JULY CONTEST
64 Judges.
1. Passenger Pigeon, 276.
2. Dove Life in Arizona, 217.
3. Bell’s Vireo, 168.
_ 4. Notes from Audubon’s Biogra-
phy, 156.
5. Language of Crows and Other
Notes, 68.
Judges’ prizes were awarded as fol-
lows:
i, 18Gl,
Exact.
2. Walton Mitchell, St. Paul, Minn.,
DQM and:
3. N.G. Van De Water,
Doolittle, Painesville, Ohio.
Gretna, N.
Weyl, 25'45°3, 5.
AB naw Garrett, Ballston Spa., N.
Wn 1, & 4 Bb:
5. Arthur P. Simmons, Troy, N. Y.,
Wey An Oh Oe
The following Judges named the
winning articles in exactly the same or-
der as the last, hence we awarded each
a fifth prize:
H. Gould Welborn, Lexington, N. C.
Hervey Hoskins, Newberg, Oregon.
Twenty-one other Judges named the
winning articles.
All prizes were mailed the winners
on Aug. 11.
Figures of Importance.
Examine the number following your
name on the wrapper of this OSLOGIsT.
This number denotes the time when
your subscription expires or has expir-
ed.
56 signifies your subscription expir ed June, 1890
62 ; IDYeea/ CC
68 a ot es Jones 1891
7 aG “ cs “ wen) &
80 Pe ss ry ae June, 1892
86 ce ee ce oe Dec. ee
92 a e i OF June, 1893
98 oe oe oe Dec, 6c
104“ rt i June 1894
TEN) 08 s ae will eryite WeC ne:
We are desirous of straightening our
subscription books at once and trust
our subscribers will send in their sub-
scriptions for ’94 including all arrear-
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the
amounts necessary to accomplish this
are as follows:
“561? $2.95, *62.—$2.00. “68"°—81.75. ‘74—$1,50
“80"—$1,25. ‘86—$1.00. ‘92°—75e. ‘98"—50c.
=102"— 256.
Should you desire to discontinue
your subscription to the O6LOGIsT your
indebtedness to us is 10 cents less than
the above amount. The ee are
according to our books Aug. 18, 1894,
and many renewals receiy ed since that
date have been credited on our books,
but not on the wrapper.
290 THE OOLOGIST.
Exhibits of Shells,
Corals, Specimens,
Curiosities, etc., etc.,
Will be made by ‘“‘LaTtTin”’ at the following Great Fairs and Expositions.
during the next few months, and should any of his patrons live within a
reasonable distance of any of them, why not call? ‘“LATTIN” will person-
ally attend the DETROIT Farr, and undoubtedly the SPRINGFIELD, St:
Louis and RICHMOND ones.
MrK. B. MATHES,
who has been with “Lattin” for a number of years and whom many
readers of the O6LOGIST met at the WoRLD’s Farr in 93, will have charge
of all, or nearly all of ‘‘“LATTi1n’s exhibits this Fall.
It may be needless to add that the ’94 will equal if not surpass all
previous exhibits—both ‘‘LATTIN” and Mr. MATHEs are pioneers in the:
business.
**L_attin’s’’ Exhibits for 94.
SEPTEMBER 3-7,
Ohio State Fair and Industrial Exposition,
Columbus, Ohio.
SEPTEMBER 10-21,
Michigan State Fair, Detroit, Mich.
SEPTEMBER 24-29,
Illinois State Fair, Springfield, Ills.
OCTOBER 1-6,
Vhe Great St: Lous’ Fair, St Vouisseyin
And undoubtedly (positive announcement will be made in October O6LOGIsT):
OCTOBER 9-19,
Virginia Exposition, Richmond, Va.
OCTOBER 23- MOURnnE 8,
Dixie Inter-State Fair, Wiccan Ga.
(=s"‘‘LATTIN’s” Pier House Store at CHauTAUQUA, N. Y., will remain opem
through September.
THE OOLOGIST. 291
Chas. K. Reed.
Of No. 262 Main St. Worcester, Mass.,
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer
in EVERYTHING in the Specimen and Sup-
ph aline required by the Naturalist and
Curio Collector, has recently issued a new
Illustrated Catalogue, containing several
hali-tores. A copy will be mailed every
reader of the Oo/ogzst upon eceeine of
only a 2c stamp.
You should send at once for a copy as the
supply is limited.
292
Butterflies.
I have a fine new lot of Butterflies. all sizes
and colors. scientifically labelled, sex locality,
etc., well packed by express 10c each
Can furnish in pairs or singly
10 var. 1.00, 20 var. 1.60, 50 specimens 3.50, 100
specimens 6 00.
75 species in new Insect case glass or wooden
tops for 10.00. A genuine bargain. Beginners
Will find here just what they want.
IT also offer a nice collection of Beetles all A 1
cheap and some rare Exotic Butterflies.
Mail all orders at once to
WALTER F. WEBB,
ALBION, N. Y.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia, Australia, Africa, «tc.. correctly named
at moderate prices, also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St.. 4, Berlin. N. W., Germany
CATALOGUE
~e— FREE TQ ALL. a>
Send for one — it will interest you. ;
In our Six New Models you will find just what you
want.
prices.
of price.
John P. Loveli Arms Co.,
BOSTON, MASS.
All the latest improvements.
Guaranteed to be equal to any, regardless
THE OOLOGIST.
STEAM COOKER FREE!
The Triumph Cooker with lock
e—< Cover, Will cook Meats, Fish. Veget-
id ables. Beans, Brown Gread, Fruit,
¢ Custards, &c, without odor. Fits
any size stove, coal, wood, oil or gas.
Having‘ iron base, it is better and
cheaper than a tin cooker, We send
one Cooker free with Agent's first
order. Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart-
ford Hollow Ware Co.,, B. 673, Harttord, conn,
SAND POE ©
«(COMPOUND OxyYGEN—Its MoGe of Action and
Results.’”’—is the title of a book of 200
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur-
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases—
many of them after being abandoned to die by
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any
address on applicatton.
DRS.STARKEY & PALEN,
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal.
Please mention the OOLOGIST2.
Light Roadster. Weight, 25 Ibs,
All sizes and
Manufacturers and Jobbers
in Arms, Bicycles, Sports
ing Goods.
AGENTS WANTED — Write for terms.
THE OOLOGIST. 293 —
ANARW
BARGAIN LIST.
iT have just issued a new 8 page folder. full of
the best and most desirable of everything in
my line. All who have not received it should
send ATONCE. State if you are interested in
Birds or Hggs at same time as I have many
new things of special interest in these lines.
93000 EGGS
2500 BIRDSKINS
The above is what ONE of my Southern Col-
lectors with a corps of assistants secured dur-
ing 94. This entire stock is being received dur-
ing September and will be offered to collectors
cheap. No such chance to get a complete series
of typical Southern eggs has ever been pres-
ented to American Ornitholog tists. Lists on
application. Address,
WALTER F. WEBB,
ALBION, N. Y.
New Standard Catalogue
OF
North Birds Feggs
/\merican
COMPILED BY
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Assisted by Capt. Chas. H. Bendire,
J. Parker Norris, Esq., and
the late Capt. B. F. Goss.
It gives the Common and Scientific name of
every North American Bird according to the
A. ©. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O,
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the
value of eggs of nearly every species. over one
hundred of which never appeared on any print-
ed list before.
It is not a personal catalogue of any one
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector
in the entire World who has or could furnish
all the species whose values are given. and
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over
trom 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.
Price 35 cents per copy. 8 copies for $1.00.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y.
What Moves it
One of Nature’s Wonders.
THE JUMPING SEED 02 LIVIVG BEAN!
Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always
Dancing.
The wonder of the Scientific World.
ing to old and young.
The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known!
A full description and explanation of this
phenomenon accompanies each box.
Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid.
HK. VAN WINKLE,
Vans Harbor, Mich.
Interest-
EDWARD W. CURRIER,
120 Sutter St., Room 17.
an Francisco, Cal.
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid-
ermist supplies etc. Skins and eggs of Cali-
fornia Birds. also Cal. curiosities. Correspon-
dence solicited.
STONE
INDIAN RELICS!
On approval by mail. Give reference. A few
cents expense t) see a variety from many States
I py postage one way on arrow and spear
points) LarGEsSr Stock, LARGEST VARIETY,
AND FINEST IN THE West. Buckskin Relics,
Weapons. Minerals. Fossils, Shells, Agates,
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp.
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES-
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D.
POEM eh ea Of all kinds for Naturalists a
PRINTING speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes. circulars. illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. [00 envelopes print-
ed. 45c. noteheads same price. postpaid. C. F,
CARR, Job Printer. New London. Wis. tf
“MErHODS IN THE ART OF TAXIDERMY” by
Davie, Costs $10 cash per copy and is well worth
the money. Ihave afew Copies which I will
entertain good offers on the bussis of # cash
and % exchange. Ifvou have % cash and $5
worth of almost anything (no trash) desirable.
to give fora copy, I shall be pleased to hear
from you atonce FRANK H. LATTIN, Al-
bion, N. Y¥.
FOR SALH.—Minerals, Fossils. Curios, In-
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis-
econsin rivers. Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and
Insects. The finest collection of Polished Coral
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish.Cameos,
Gems. Stones, ete. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor-
ToS LENG Jy3t.
Wondertiil w7rarte, seweter,
Reece _Y., will pring.
MOUNTED BIRDS.
Only 50 cents each, postpaid.
W. Wood Pewee, Ark. Goldfinch. Oregom
Junco, Samuel’s Song Spar., Lazuli Bunting,
Savanna Sparrow, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, In-
termediate Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Gold-
en-crowned Sparrow, Audubon’s Warbler, Ore-
gon Towhee. Address, #1. T. CORLESS, Los
Gatos, Calif.
TAXIBERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons?
Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also
vets SPECIMEN HUNTERS.
tridges for
All Kinds. all prices trom $ .)) to $25.00. List
free. Write for Taxidermist's free list.
JAMES H. JOHNSTON,
PITTSBURG, PA.
H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY,
COLLECTORS, RALEIGH, N.C.
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al-
cohol. Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists.
294 THE OOLOGIST.
NEDA AER ea TS
Hundreds of the Readers of the Oonocisr visit Niagara annually
and they always make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fe ~ steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—-and ce-upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarters for
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NoveLty or SouvENIR line pertain-.
ing to Niagara.
V\VHY NOT MAKE ~
an Exhibit at Your Fair @
Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain a stocx of say, anywhere from £10
to $100 worth of Shells, Agates and Curios to add a variety to your present collec-
tion, and make an exhibit at your own and neighboring Fairs this Fall?
THERE’S $ S INIT!
At a good Fair, with a suitable display you could sell from $10 to $100 per day,
upon which there would be a GOOD BIG profit.
Now we will have lots of just such material on hand at Chautauqua, and will
have at Detroit, Springfield and St. Louis, that will remain unsold. Rather than
ship back home, will sell at very low rates. It may not be convenient for you to
personally make your selections at any of the above places, but if you will send the
amount you wish to invest and give me an inkling of about what you want, I will
personally and judiciously make a selection that I will guarantee to give you big
satisfaction in every particular and will make the prices to you lower than you
could possibly duplicate elsewhere.
Remember I also carry a full line of Agate, Spar, Pyrites and Shell Jewelry
and Novelties. Write what you want.
Faithfully,
Albion, N. Y. FRANK H. LATTIN,
4
THE OOLOGIST 295
aii
ar lis
re
— 5
2 ead
— eae
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS.
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO-
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur-
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps.
RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS.
Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing Grand
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius,
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole Unit-
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
‘ Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography,
tee
METEORITES.
A good price paid for met2orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones es-
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire ‘‘find” or “fall.” Meteorites
also cut, polished and etched.
WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
Minerals, Rocks and Invertebrate Animals.
These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with teachers and
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. S. National Museum.
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will be known as
the Washington School Collections.
It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever before been
offered in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular.
WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION.
A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build-
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00.
EDWIN E. HOWELL,
612 17th St., N. W., Washington, D.C.
296 THE OOLOGIST.
A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant.
FOR GUNS- REVOLVERS “RIFLES
AD ALL METALS Z
STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL.
Imitators claim something ‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of
Gunoleum.
Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”.
(Because it affords them a better profit.)
BE HONEST, AND REFUSE ap
A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish.
FOR
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL,
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, AND DENTAL
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, STEEL, INSTRUM TS.
Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly
for anyone who wishes it.
SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 lb.can
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 lb. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00.
Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.”
MANUFACTURED BY
THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO.,
BAY SHORE, L. I, N. Y., U. S. A.
- 12 cts.
ZAS Monthly.
VOI MIE NO. 10:
EEA RRA RI RI Ras
\
02060000000 0enonoonenermeneecemsooosoensouaceoeowenuoee Bab aoonuaeaneO gs
= ue
\ i <
=. h os
12 c 200
~ “Dey,
nd S eo,
~ a veel
. %.
SLY O1( ee
ALBION, N. ¥., OCT., 1894.
08%
nanaes- :
&
) 80,
50c. per Year. aN
WHOLE No. 108
Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales.
Brief special announcements, ‘*Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department
for 50c per 35 words.
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c.
Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional
Terms, cash with order.
‘‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only,
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates.
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘ixchanges’’ only
and according to conditions stated thereon.
FOSSIL SHELLS.—Fine specimens 10, 15
and 20 ets or will exchange same for Indian
relics, fossils or minerals. WM. A. WELLS,
Seneca, Kansas.
STAMPS! 100 fine varieties foreign stamps
including Argentine, Mexico, etc, postpaid for
Send for sheets at 50 per cent. discount.
H. W. DRAKE, Lexington, Va.
TO EXCHANGE,.—Ridgeway’s Manual, good
as new, for Coues’ Key, latést edition. C. M.
SLAYTON, Grattan, Kent Co., Mich.
ONE NEW imported double-barreled, and
one single-barrelled shot gun, to exchange for
offers. High grade bicycle for cash. W. 5S.
JOHNSON, Boonville, N. Y.
HAVE to exchange sets of 3and 4 with data
of Traill’s Flycatcher to exchange for any
Terns eggs in sets with data. HAROLD HOL-
LAND, Box 515, Galesburg, Ill.
“CACHE” of Flint Scrapers, plowed up in a
field, consisting of Red and Grey Flint. Nice
Specimens, Supply limited. 3 postpaid for 25c.
Address, HARRY MAPEL,Columbus Grove,O.
TO EXCHANGE.—Sets of following for
other common sets A.O. U. Nos. 289, 406, 477,
498, 563, 593, 610. 616, 622, 703, 704, 705, BE. S.
CHAS. R. STOCKARD, Columbus, Miss.
£ SOLICIT correspondence from all parts of
the U. S. concerning the Violacew. Iam making
them a special study and gladly receive notes
on the plants. ARCHIE A. BELL, Geneva, O.
GRAPEVINHES, Strawberry, Roses, Shrubs,
Bulbs, Batty’s Taxidermy, Artistic Anatomy,
Rubber printing press, Large atlas, Mechani-
cal Telephones, Razors, Clippers, Strops, Flut-
ing machine, etc. for skins, any kind. J. J.
WIRZ, Taxidermist, Augusta, Ga.
TO EXCHANGE.—-A. O. U. Nos. 2121-8, 273
1-3, 263 1-3, 483 1-2 n, 387 1-3, 4611-3n, 5291-5n,
581 1-4, 587 1-3, 501b 1-5, 412 1-6, 511 1-4, 498 1-38, 630
1-5 1-5 n, 624 1-3, 674 1-5, 681 1-5, 676 1-8, 735a 1-7,
75d 1-4, 767 1-3 and skins of 149 211, 880, 546, 636,
661, 673, 697 and 729 for eggs in sets with data.
ARTHUR W. BROCKWAY, Lyme, Conn.
FOR BEST cash offer. Small six light dy-
namo, cost ten dollars, fine condition. Star
safety razor, been used but once, cost three
and half. C. H. AGAR, 45 Putnam Ave.,
Brooklyn, N. Y.
FOR EXCHANGH.—Tulips, Hyacinths,
Crocus, etc. for choice minerals, curios, shells,
corals, etc. Give list you have. Address,
GEO. B. REMSEN, Floral Park, N. Y.
TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of stamps,
Will sell it or exchange for best offer in A. No.1
birds eggs. SIDNEY MANN, 156 So. Main St.,
Canton, Ill., -
CHEAP for Cash. Fine double barrel breech
loading shot gun. Bought last Spring from
Simmons’ Hardware Co., cost $30. Guaranteed
to be in fine condition. W ill seilfor $20. For
further particulars address, F. C. ELLIOT,
Tallahassee, Fla.
TAXIDERMISTS GUIDE, 12 mo. illustrated
Only 100 copies. Collecting, mounting and pre-
serving animals, birds, fishes, reptiles and in-
sects fully explained, also contains fourteen
valuable receipts. Best bargain ever offered,
20 cts, A.D, AKIN, Carlson, Fla.
HIMILAYAN Rabbits, Guinea Pigs, Ferrets.
Will sell cheap or exchange. Want anything
useful. Books, especially on Natural History.
Natural History specimens. etc. Fine pair
rabbits for good copy Hornaday’s Taxidermy.
Please make offer. ORY L. FOSTER, Tipton,
Indiana.
FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—My collection
of eggs in sets. First class condition guaran-
teed. Willsell cheap for cash or exchange for
skulls in good condition,printlng, stationery or
anything else you have thatI can use. Send
list of what you have. Nopostals noticed. O.
BE. CROOKER, 614 Langdon St., Madison, Wis.
Please discontinue that exchange notice. TL
have more than I can doin amonth in answering
and filling exchanges and orders already vre-
ceived and I think my stock will be exhausted
anyway. LIhad a stock of nearly 3,000 eggs. How
is that? Ed. Van Winkle, Vans Harbor, Mich.-
298
“FOR EXCHANG'.- 110 mounted birds for
other mounted birds not in my collection.
Southern and Western preferred. Write what
you have. J. Rothlisberger, Braceville, Ill.
TO EXCHANGE.—Native Missouri woods
(about 150 species) collected by B. F. Bush, for
books on Ornithology, Oology or Mammialogy.
CHAS, S. TINDALL, Independence, Mo. °
WANTED.—Second hand, Coues’ Key of
North American Birds or Ridgway’s Manual.
Will pay Cash for best offer. JAMES PETER-
SON, Box 105, Scandinavia, Wis.
COLLECTORS! Ihave Buffalo horns, U. S.
stamps, tobacco tags, fine sets and singles with
full data and beautiful specimens of round
cacti for sale or exchange. H. L. HE \TON,
Oberlin, Kansas.
THE OOLOGIST.
BARGAINS in Minerals. Having entirely
overhauled my stock, added many new kinds,
and employed professional mineralogist I can
and will selllower than any one else. W.F.
WEBB, Albion, N. Y.
FOR EXCHANGE.—An immense Elk head
(ready for mounting). Splendid seven-point
horns, each fifty-six inches long. Skin, dry.
J.O. SNYDER, Waterloo, Ind.
ONE Great Horned Owl, alive, 150 copies of
Scientific American, will exchange for best of-
fer in Taxidermist supplies or Coues’ Key to
N. A. Birds. W.J.STULUL, Coalport Pa.
FOR EXCHANGE.—Leach’s Petrel in sets,
also Ist class skins A. O. U. 76c, 759b, 608, 611a,
595, 585, 581, 559, 534, 528, 456, 256, 274, 420. H. T.
VAN OSTRAND, Millbury, Mass.
EGGS, Indian relics and fossils wanted. Will
give printing press, Weeden engine, Vol. VII
OoLoeistT, 1200 post marks, collection 500
stamps, botanical specimens, books or cash.
Send lists. Will give hand stamp with name
es 3 arrow points. GEO. A. RODMAN, King-
ston, R. J.
WRENS WANTED.—First-class skins with
full data. I can offer fine S. Cal. sets with
nests and complete data; also some nice skins,
such as 379a, 397,408, 418b, 656, 665, 710, 742, 763,
ete. Nomatter what species you have, write
stating sex and plumage. Persons having
skins of the rarer Wrens, will receive special
offers. <%) 72a,
Fire Hang, 507. Wild Canary, 529.
English Sparrow. Chippy, 560.
The ‘‘Starling” was a bird which
built in bunches of dock, weeds, etc.,
while the ‘Tree Starling” was the
same bird nesting ina tree. Some of
the boys thought the latter a different
kind of bird laying a larger egg. A few
had Swamp Black’s eggs, the same thing
again building in a swamp. I don’t
know why the Grosbeak was ealled
English Robin, probably on account of
its red breast. -Certainly it is not likea
Robin in any other way. The Lazy
Bird was and is still so called because
it is too lazy to make its own nest, and
the Potato Bird was any bird that built
in a hill of potatoes. Generally it was
a Song Sparrow, but I have one egg,
given me by a truthfni (?) ‘‘big boy,”
which is totally different. It looks
more to me like an Orchard Oriole’s
but it was a treasure whon I first got it.
The Cherry Bird was and is rather
uncommon in our locality. The one I
had then came from the home ofan .
aunt in Massachusetts where they were
nearly as common as the cherries they
fed on. I have since found three nests
at Wethersfield.
There is a queer thing about the Eave
Swallow—Cliff the A. O. U. has it.
When my father was a boy every barn
had its flask shaped nests under the
eaves. On my grandfather’s they made
such a mess that he had to knock the
nests down. He broke them up in
threo or four years but they used to
306 THE OOLOGIST.
breed in smaller numbers on the back
of the cider mill where their droppings
didn’t show so much. When I collect-
ed they had all gone but three nests
and those have been gone now these
ten years. Now I don’t know of a nest
in town. Some think them much thick-
in the East than formerly, but they
have behaved just the other way in this
locality.
We boys always thought that the
Barn Phoebe and Bridge Phoebe were
distinct varieties. The Barn Phoebe
built a nest flat on a beam, merely a
bunch of moss and a little mud, while
the Bridge Pheebe’s establishment was
a compact structure fastened to the
perpendicular face of a stone pier or
wooden bridge girder after the manner
of the Barn Swallow. It had, neces-
sarily; more mud and less moss than
the barn nest and often lasted several
years. A few had an egg they called
a Shed Phoebe but that may be set
down to a striving for more kinds to
boast of and not to any real difference
in the egg.
When the, boys swallowed ‘Tree
Starlings and Shed Pheebes so freely
it seems queer that they wouldn’t be-
lieve in theTree Pheebe but some didn’t.
Only last spring a rising young collect-
or wanted me to stand by him in say-
ing that there was no such thing.
Wasn’t it just the same as a Barn
Phebe, he asked?
I had never heard of a Flycatcher,
except in books, until after I had col-
lected quite a long time.
It is easy to see that the bright yel-
low of the Goldfinch caused it to be *
called Canary, but we didn’t find the
nests much they came so late in the
season. There was always a good deal
of confusion between this bird and the
Yellow Warbler. I always supposed
that the Goldfinch laid a spotted egg
and the Warbler a blue one until I
found the nests myself.
I still have a majority of my old eggs,
and though some are cracked and sonte:
—like the ‘‘Potato Bird”—are ‘‘bogus”,
I have afondness for thei above any
I have for later acquisitions.
After all school day ‘‘finds’’ like
school day friends are the dearest.
Henry R. Bucs,
Wetherfield, Conn.
+ <>
Traill’s Flycatcher.
The retiring disposition of this gentle
spirited Flycatcher, and its lack of
foreibility with which to attract atten-
tion to its presence, as well as its re-
semblance to several of its congeners,
have prevented it from forming as wide.
an acquaintance as its abundance war-
rants. In this locality it is the most
common Flyeateher though it is the
least studied, owing to the more famil-
iar habits of the other species. It is.
known to boys who ramble along the
hedges as the ‘“‘Pe-wee Flycatcher,” and
it certainly resembles the Pewee in
general coloration and in habits, ex-
cept an excessive restlessness which
not often allows it to retain a position
favorable to careful examination by the
observer. While the Pewee will return
to the same perch repeatedly after dart-
ing into the air to capture its prey,even
when aware of observation, Traill’s.
Flycatcher changes its base of opera-
tions rapidly and: almost invariably
stations itself so that there is foliage be-
tween it and an observer. It has no.
lofty aspirations, rarely perching above.
the limits of the bushes and hedges it
frequents, while the Pewee selects a
dead branch of a tree, often quite high
and:always exposed, for its point of
reconnoiter.
Untrimmed hedges of two to four
seasons’ growth appear to be their fav-
orite places of resortin the dry prairie
regions as well as bushes bordering
water courses and standing in meadows.
and low situations, Places frequented
by Bell’s and the White-eyed Vireos are
THE OOLOGIST
likely to be inhabited by the Flycatch-
er. For the first few weeks after its ar-
rival from the south it dallies among
the foliage with its companions and de-
votes its time to quiet courtship and
the delights of love, enjoying some-
thing similar to the honeymoon of
more rational beings. If we ramble
along a hedgerow at this season we
shall hear it sporting with its mates,
uttering a gentle gweect, perhaps fol-
lowed by a low squeaky monologue or
dialogue. Presently it will dart~into
view pursued by a companion, a male
pursuing afemale, both saying the soft
but emphatic quweet, and then they will
disappear in the foliage as quickly as
they appeared. When over the hedge
out of our sight, they will talk in a low,
lisping chatter, readily suggestive of
the first efforts of a child to blow his
_ tin whistle, this being the nearest ap-
proach to singing. Perhapsone of the
birds will fly over and perch momentar-
ily on a bare limb in a Pewee-like man-
ner, moving away when he sees an in-
truder. In the breeding season all this
occurs near the nest; in fact it means
that you are within a small radius from
its home, from which neither male nor
female seldom venture very far.
Nests of Traill’s Flycatcher are sel-
dom found in this locality before the
second week of June. I have repeat-
edly looked for them earlier without
success. Hedges furnish the most fav-
ored sites and the distance from the
ground varies between three and ten
feet, the higher sites being in higher
hedges. Hazel, plum and alder bushes
are to their taste, and among such
bushes the nest is generally placed in
an upright crotch. On July 30th I
found a nest four feet fromthe ground
in a wild plum bush. It was placed on
a horizontal branch near the extremity
_where twigs diverged from either side,
forming a firm base of support. In
hedges the nest is almost invariably set
on a horizontal branch and oound to
307
one or more nearly upright twigs. I
have never found a nest fastened
around the branch on which it was.
placed. In this season I have found
and examined twenty-three nests of
this species, all of which except two;
one in a hedge and one in a plum bush,
were on horizontal branches. Fre-
quently, however, nests are found on
obliquely ascending branches at points
where forking twigs afford places for-
attachment, such situations being very
similar to the usual nesting sites of the.
Goldtinch. The highest nests in
hedges are often set in regular crotches.
Most of the nests are found between
five and eight feet from the ground.
There is little variation in the con-
struction of nests. The materials are
grayish vegetable bark fibers, dried
stems of weeds, feathers and pieces of
gossamer which are carried in large
mouthfuls by the builders and there-
fore the fabrication is not long in
building. Without, the structure has
no especial appearance of neatness,
and resembles the work of the Gold-
finch and the Yellow Warbler, though
lacking the compactness of the nests.
of those species and averaging rather
larger. The cavity is finished more
smoothly than the exterior, usually
with fine dried grass and a few downy
feathers. Nests I have examined range.
between three and two and a half
inches in diameter externally and from
two and a half to two and one fourth.
inches high sitting in position. The-
cavity varies between two and two and
one-fourth inches in width, and aver-
ages one anda halfin depth. Among
twenty-three nests four held four eggs.
each, nine held three incubated eggs.
each, four contained three fresh eggs.
each and six contained three young
each.
J am convinced that only one brood
is reared in the season in this locality
as I have searched carefully for second:
nests without success, no nest contain~
308 THE OOLOGIST.
‘ing fresh eggs being found after June
28. If the first nest and eggs should be
taken or destroyed a second attempt at
nidification will be made in the vicinity
of the first site. The female is nota
close sitter and from my observations
is rarely surprised on the nest. On on-
ly two of the above nests were the
birds found sitting, and these two were
approached at dusk after most birds
had retired for the night; in fact it was
so dark that the nests would have been
passed had not the birds revealed them
by their startled flight. When the nest
is disturbed, the parent birds frequent-
ly flit about in the foliage in the vicin-
ity, protesting with their queet and oft-
en betraying much solicitude. Usually
however, they appear to take very lit-
tle interest in the fate of their home
and family.
P.M SrILLoway,
Virden, [1].
Notes From Audubon’s Biography.
Part V.
Ten years have now elapsed since the
first number of the Illustrations of the
Birds of America made its appearance.
Audubon estimated at that time that it
would take sixteen years to complete
the work, and this was so announced
in the prospectus which was issued and
distributed over the country. His
friends did not think there was a pos-
sibility of his reaching the goal which
his ambition had placed before him,
and he was strongly urged by many
of his friends to abandon the enterprise,
dispose of his drawings, and return to
his native country. Having made ar-
rangements for meeting the first diffi-
culties, Audubon turned his entire at-
tention to the improvement of his
drawings, and was at length pleased to
note that they were steadily increasing
in merit. He was pleased to note also
that every engraving completed by Mr.
Havell was better than its predecessor.
His friends also complimented him on
his more favorable prospects. _Num-
ber after number appeared in regular
succession, and after four years of anx-
iety and hard work, he was presented
by Mr. Havell with the First Volume of
the Birds of America. Convinced that
there had been no falling off in the en-
graving of his plates, but rather a
change for the better, he looked eager-
ly forward to the time when the second
volume should be completed.
About the eighth year after the com-
mencement of his work a nobleman
ealled on Audubon, with his family and
requested to be snown some of Audu-
bon’s original drawings. This desire
was the more readily acceded to by
Audubon because his guest was an ad-
vanced student of Ornithology. In the
course of the conversation Audubon
was asked how long it would be before
the work was finished. When he said
it would be eight years more the noble-
man shrugged his shoulders and with a
sigh said, ‘‘I may not see it finished, but
my children will, and you may please
to add my name to your list of sub-
scribers.” This remark sunk deeply in-
to Audubon’s mind, and the thought
often came to him that he might not see
the work finished, although his children
might.
The greater part of the first eight
years after the engraving of his draw-
ings was commenced was spent in Lon-
don and Edinburgh. Audubon’s desire
to compare his specimens with those of
the Zoological Society of London in-
duced him to ask permission to do so,
which the Counsel freely accorded. °
The Ornithology of the United States
may be said to have been commenced
by Alexander Wilson, whose premature
death prevented him from completing
his labors. It is unnecessary to state
how well he performed his task; but al-
though he succeeded in observing and
obtaining a large number of our birds,
yet he left many which were afterwards
discovered through the untiring zeal of
Audubon.
THE OOLOGIST. 309
While at Natchez on December 31,
1820, a little incident occurred which
well nigh resulted in acatasrophe. A
friend proposed a trip to New Orleans,
which Audubon acceded to, and soon
after they were ploughing along at full
speed. Towards evening inquiries
were made respecting certain portions
of their baggage, among which was one
of Audubon’s portfolios containing a
large number of drawings, many of
- which represented birds hitherto un-
figured. The portfolio was nowhere to
be found, and Audubon at last remem-
bered that he had handed it to a ser-
vant to carry on board, but in the hur-
ry and turmcil of embarkation it was
overlooked and left behind. It was
useless for Audubon to fret, so he be-
gan to devise a plan for its recovery.
He wrote to Mr. Garnier, and his ven-
erable friend Charles Carre. After an
interval of two months and a half he
had the gratification of receiving a let-
ter from Mr. A. P. Bodley of Natchez,
stating that the missing portfolio had
been found and was deposited at the
office of the ‘‘Mississippi Republican,”
whence an order from Audubon would
liberate it. Through the kindness of
Mr. Garnier it was received on April
5th, all the drawings present and unin-
jured with the exception of one, which
Audubon laughingly regarded as for
commission.
Nearly three years have now passed
since the Third Volume of the Birds of
America made its appearance, and
about twelve since the first fasciculus
of his Illustrations of the Birds of Amer-
ica was submitted to public inspection.
This magnificient work, compromising
four hundred and thirty-five plates and
ten hundred and sixty-five figures, was
finished on the 20th day of June, 1838,
without the continuity of its execution
having been broken for a single day,
and the numbers having been delivered
with exemplary regularity.
The adventures and vicissitudes which
fell to the lot of Audubon, instead of
diminishing his enthusiasm, only served
to inflame it the more, and imparted a
toughness to his naturally strong con-
stitution, and to his naturally buoyant
mind an elasticity such as to assure
him, that, although somewhat old, he
could yet perform a journey of any
length on foot were he sure that by so
doing he could thereby add a little
something to his knowledge of the
American fauna.
When Audubon last left Edinburgh
he went to London, full of a desire to
visit America once more before his
great life-work should be completed.
It was the wish and dream of his life
that he might cross the Continent of
America, gaze on the sublime majesty
of the Rockies,, wander along the fertile
valleys of the Oregon, and search the
shores of the Pacific and a portion of
North Carolina; but circumstances were
such that it was impossible to follow
out this plan. Arriving in London Au-
dubon and his family were kindly wel-
comed by Audubon’s_ brother-in-law,
Alexander Gordon, Esq., and were soon
after established in a house on Wimpole
street.
Mr. Audubon was informed by his
engraver one day soon after his arrival
in London that a gentlenman, a Fellow
of the Royal Society, had subscribed
for the Birds of America, and in a few
days Audubon had the pleasure of see-
ing him personally. This man y\asa
surgeon of the highest merit, and soon
after Audubon made his acquaintance
he took charge of Audubon’s wife's
health and attended her for years, but
never a farthing would he receive in
payment.
Having been long desirous of intro-
ducing into America European birds,
Audubon secured about a hundred spec-
mens, in perfect health, consisting of
Starlings, Skylarks, Jays and Wood
Pigeons, with the intention of setting
them loose in the Western States. They
310
were placed in ample cages and sent
aboard at London docks, but the ven-
ture was almost a total failure, as near-
ly every bird was dead before the ves-
sel anchored in New York harbor.
(TO BE CONTINUED).
Nidification of the Fish Crow.
So little has been written on the nest-
ing of this species, that it has occured
to the writer to make known to those
who are interested,the notes taken ona
single day’s collecting trip, in which the
Corvus ossifragus figured prominently.
May 18th, 794, I found about 40 pair
breeding on one of the numerous islands
on the South Jersey coast, Cape May
county. The timber consists of large
White Holly and Red Cedar, the latter
dead or alive, invariably covered with
usned.
The bird usually flushed before one
has observed the nest in consequence
of this in connection with the fact that
almost every tree contained its one,two
or three nests, and that they all looked
alike from below; we were compelled
to climb upward of 70 or 80 trees. For-
tunately they were easily ascended with
climbers and were al! within thirty-nine
feet of the ground. A number of birds
of this species, returning from their
crabbing trips or thieving expeditions
for the eggs of the Clapper Rail; con-
stantly hovered above, out of gunshot,
protesting oin their gutteral clatter.
Two sets of 4, four sets of 5, and one
set of 6 eggs were found, all containing
small embryoes.
While the eggs do not differ from
certain examples of the Corvus amert-
canus in my collection, the nests are
totally different in both composition
and workmanship. Placed indifferently
in a fork or out on a branch of a tree, it
is composed of sticks, twigs, sometimes
with the addition of cedar bark and ws-
nea or tree moss; lined with strips of
cedar bark.
THE OOLOGIST.
No earth being used the nest presents
a neat appearance. ‘lhe outside depth
and diameter are equal. The measure-
ments are as following in inches.
Inside: Depth, 4 to 5; diameter, 6 to
8. Outside: Depth, 12 to 15; diameter,
12 to 15.
Three sets before me exhibit the
markings of the series.
Set I. Six eggs. From pale mala-
chite to light .glaucous-green, spotted
and blotched with mouse and olive
grey, overlaid with rather large spots
and blotches of olive green, heaviest at
larger ends,and grading No.1 (the heay-
iest marked) to No. 6, which is light-
est. A few scattered spots of clove
brown found on every egg. 1.51x1.10,
T.55x1.10, 1.52x1.11, 1.49x1.12, 1.49x1.11,
1.58x1.08.
Set II. Five eggs. Fading glaucous-
green, uniformly spotted and dotted
with olive green. a few scattered speck-
Jes of clove brown appearing over the
olive green. All eggs alike. 1.52x1.06,
1.51x1.07, 1.50x1.06, 1.54x1.08, 1.40x1.02.
Set III. Four eggs. Pale glaucous-
green, with shell markings of mouse
and olive grey, overlaid with spots and
large blothes of olive green and clove
brown, much the heaviest at the large
ends. Markings clearly defined. The
clove brown predominating on fourth
egg. 1.47x1.01, 1.50x.96, 1.42x1.02,1.45x
1.01
A nest containing fully fledged young
of the C. americanus was found by my
companion, Mr. Lionel F. Bowers. It
would appear that the latter nested ful-
ly a month previous to its smaller cous-
in.
It is worth observing that the natives
make no distinction between the two
species, considering them the same; al-
tho’ the difference in size is at once ap-
parent to the novice.
F. L. Burns.
THE OSLOGIST. 311
Nesting Habits of the Golden-winged Warbler
This is the only species of the genus
which is known to breed regularly in
the Lower Peninsula. Perhaps we
might call it the most abundant species,
but one other the Nashville Warbler, is
very common during the spring migra-
tion and nests in some sections.
The Golden-winged Warbler, Helimin-
thophila chrysoptera (L.) arrives about
May first on Michigan’s southern boun-
dary, but often in April. I have known
it to appear on April 26th again not be
seen till May 11th, but it is probable that
it always arrives by the first week ofMay,
but is overlooked at times. The males
appear first. In fact the females are
hardly to be seen at any time, for they
are very retiring at all seasons.
Often as collectors are tramping
about low clearings, or at the edges of
basswood, ash and elm forests, or in
boggy land covered with willows, al-
ders and swamp scrub, a faint series of
notes may be heard. These notes can-
not be called a song but they evidently
answer the purpose.
Ordinarily the effort sounds like
zwee-e-e-e-e-e long drawn out, but this
is often varied by wheez-e-e-e-e-e-e-e€
This effort is sometimes changed to a
crazy series of notes which cannot be
described, but which are in no sense to
be considered musical.
At the time the strain is issued it is
next to impossible to tell from whence
the sounds proceed, and it is often ex-
ceedingly difficult to locate the singer.
‘I have repeatedly supposed the notes
to come from high in the trees when it
proved that the singer was on the
ground. Again ‘the notes seemed to
rise from beneath my feet when the
bird was located ina tree. Generally
the Gold-wing sings from a low bush or
limb of a tree, and it is rare that one
is found well up from the ground.
Still I have shot the birds from the tops
of tall forest trees. In addition to the
songs, there are some call notes, com-
mon to both sexes, and one of these, a
penetrating, metallic sound, is quite
characteristic of this species.
The males are quite conspicuous and
are not difficult to secure but a female
is quite a rarity unless shot during mi-
gration, or from or near the nest.
One sultry day, June 5th, several
years ago, while hunting about a clear-
ing, I flushed a female Gold-wing, and
feeling satisfied from her actions that
she had a nest near she was shot to in-
sure identity. Judge of my disappoint-
ment, after a few minutes search to dis-
cover five young birds in a well con-
cealed nest among the tussocks of rank
marsh grass. Regretting the misfor-
tune to the young, I passed on with
caution, as several birds were singing
about me. In a short time another
bird was flushed, this time a male,
which led me to hope that the father of
the unfortunate young would take care
of them.
The second nest contained five eggs
which proved to be too far advanced in
incubation to save. This nest, like the
first was placed on the ground, and
was supported by small shoots and
grass.
In construction the nest in no way re-
sembles the structure of any bird that I
have met with, but it comes nearer in:
materials to the nest of the Maryland
Yellow-throat. The bulk of the nest is
composed of course leaves and dried
‘grasses, with a plentiful amount of
coarse strips of grape vine bark. The
lining was of fine roots and there was.
nothing of that artistic finish, and
make-up of delicate materials which
lend a charm to the appearance of
many small bird’s nests. The nest as a
whole was bulky, and large for the size
of the bird.
At various times I have found this:
Warbler nesting in several sections of
the state. At the North a favorite loc-
ation is at the edge of a pinery where it.
212
borders on a lower piece of land. Mr
Jerome Trombly of Monroe county in-
forms me that a favorite selection is
among a lot of shoots of the spice bush
which support it at the sides.
The eggs are given at from four to
six, but in this state five seems to be the
regulation set, while only four are
sometimes found. So faras my exper-
ience goes they are always crystal white
dotted with reddish at the larger end;
the fine dots often forming aring. The
averages given of dimensions are usual-
ly largerthan those 1 have met with
and I am quite certain that the eggs of
this Warbler are smaller than the eggs
of any other of the family with which I
have had experience.
While I cannot assert that these
birds breed in colonies, still it is pos-
sible that this is the case. In partial
substantiation of this I would record
the discovery of three nests within. an
area of less than an acre, and it will be
seen by observing ornithologists that
several males are found in the same
neighborhood generally .
Like several other species of Warb-
lers this bird is not constant to a neigh-
borhood year after year. I know of
localities where birds have been found
two successive seasons but this is un-
usual I believe.
When we consider the localities
chosen, it is not strange that the species
varies its abode, as the new lands and
clearings often undergo great changes
within atwelve month. Specimens are
sometimes taken in abundance in a
neighborhood where suitable ground is
to be found, and the following season
not a bird or nest is to be seen any-
where in the locality.
The Gold-wing evidently prefers low
sections of land, and appears most at
home in quarters where deep woods
border marshy tracts. I have yet to
meet with the birds in very high and
dry localities, although they are some-
times seea in elevated swampy spots.
THE OOLOGIST.
Ihave never found the birds in oak
openings, hickory lands or sandy soil.
After the nesting period has passed
the males are silent and but little is to
be learned about them. I know noth-
ing as to the date of departure of this
bird which is one of the most beautiful
of our thirty-eight species of Michigan
Warblers.
SCOLO PAx.
+ <> + +
Observations on Birds.
Mr. S. R. Ingersoll in the OrRNITHOL-
ocist and OéLoGcist of May, 1898,
gives the information that twenty-six
nests of fourteen species of birds were
to be found within three hundrea feet
of his house. These nests all contained
eggs or young, but he fails to state the
situation of his home -otherwise than
that ‘‘it is in the midst of an apple or-
chard” and he does not say whether
the nests were all to be found at one
time or during the season. If this item
refers to a particular date, or even
month, it is remarkable,if the boundary
of three hundred feet is exactly measur-
ed; but if the nests of several seasons,
or even one full year are intended, the
item ioses its interest. Mr. Ingersoll
also fails to give his residence, a point
which should never be omitted.
In July 93, Mr. O. Widmann of Mis-
souri, and whose home is at Old Or-
chard, I believe, presented a still more
surprising list, giving the names of
thirty-two species of birds which were
found breeding within the same limits
from his house. And these birds ocecu-
pied (55) nests,not to mention the many
nests of the European Tree Sparrow,
and ignoring the Cowbird which was
also present as an uninvited guest.
It would indeed be charming to visit
Mr. Widmann in his enchanting retreat
and listen to the bird chorus which
must constantly regale him with varied
carols for at least three months of the
year. It is very pleasing to know that
THE OOLOGIST.
this happy gathering of songsters is
fostered and protected by their patron
where they can pillage the garden and
fruit trees without restraint, only re-
paying the owner by their agreeable
presence and delightful melodies.
My home is in the city where one is
denied the presence of most of our birds.
Still, in spring and fall migrations,
many species flit through or over my
home yard. During a large share of
the time for the past twenty-five years
I have recorded the visitors to our
yard, and this list, started as the result
of a boyish whim, has grown to a reli-
able record of no mean size. The num-
ber of species of birds identified in or
over our yard in size,tive and a quarter
by twelve rods, is one hundred and
thirty-four,* while (19) species have
been found nesting at various times.
In one tree alone, a burr oak, Quercus
macrocarpa, in this yard of (63) square
rods, I have recorded sixty-four species
of birds tduring the last quarter of a
century, in which time the-village of
Kalmazoo, Mich., has grown to a city
of 20,000 inhabitants.
Three hundred feet from a common
center gives a circumference of over
(108) rods equal to more than eight
times the area of the space where my
notes were taken. When we consider
that: these notes are mainly from obser-
vations in the village or city, the good
results of continued observation are
apparent. Morris GIBBs.
>< <> > + —
Albinos of the Grasshopper Sparrow.
_ On the 80th of May, 1898, while en-
gaged in making a collection of eggs
for the cabinet of Central University, a
bright boy who was assisting me
brought me a nest which he had _ scoop-
ed with his hands from a depression in
* The names of these birds are given in full
in Horast and Stream, N. Y., date August 11,
1892, in article entitled, “Bird Life in a City
Yard.’
+ The list of these (64) species is given in
Science, N. Y. City, October 27, ’93,in an article
“The Visitors to One Oak Tree.”’
dle
the ground in an open meadow where
it was partially concealed by an over-
hanging tuft of grass. In materials and
structure it was precisely like the nests
ordinarily built by the Song Sparrow
in similar depressions in the ground.
The eggs, which were five in number,
were of about the usual size and shape
of those of the Song Sparrow, but were
spotlessly and immac late’ white.
Knowing the propensity of the Song
Sparrow to vary the coloring and mark-
ings of its eggs, I immediately con-
eluded that the nest must be of this
species, but the boy earnestly protested
that he knew a Song Sparrow when he
saw it,and this was not one but a some- ;
what smaller bird with yellow upon its
breast and wings. As he had found the
bird on the nest, was a close observer,
and had every opportunity to make ac-
curate observation, this of course set-
tled the matter as far as the claims of
the Song Sparrow went. We went as
soon as practicable to the spot where
the nest was found, but the bird was
gone and the most patient and diligent
search failed to find her again, and my
note book received the very unsatisfac-
tory entry: ‘‘Set of five, about .75x.65,
pure white, somewhat incubated; nest
on the ground, in open meadow, like
Song Sparrow; species unknown.’
On the 15th of June, 1894, while on a
similar expedition my son startled a
bird from her nest in a similar depres-
sion in the ground. Catching a glimpse
of the white eggs and the yellow wings,
and not being able to identify the bird,
he shot her and brought her home with
the nest and five pure white eggs. Up-
on examintion the bird proved to be
unquestionably the Grasshopper Spar-
row or Yellow-winged Sparrow, (4Am-
modramus savannarum passertinus), and
as the nest and set of eggs, taken last
year, are the exact counterpart in all
respects of this last set which has been
fully identified, there remains no doubt
that both are of the same species (A. O.
U. 547).
After consulting all the authorities at
my command I find no recorded in-
stance of sets of eggsof this bird that
are spotlessly white. Ifany reader of
the O6LociIst has had an experience
similar to mine [ should be glad to hear
from them. T. D. WiTHERSPOON,
Richmond, Ky.
514
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
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FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher.
ALBION, N. Y.
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CS nee Smee
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the first day of November.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which you have decided to be
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esting in this number of OdLoGisT and
mail to us. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
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We give our Judges five prizes hay-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
THE OOLOGIST.
AUGUST CONTEST.
Fifty-one Judges.
1. Nesting Habits of the Killdeer,
181.
2. Nesting of the Western Gull, 141.
3. Notesfrom Audubon’s Biography,
126:
4. The First Day of June, *94, 109.
5. Nesting of the Whooping Crane,
72
The following articles received ecred-
its as follows:
6. Thrasher’s Song, 70.
“. Road Runner, 55.
The lucky Judges:
1. No. 45.—Fred 8S. Haggart, Chag-
rin Falls, Ohio: 4, 2, 3, 1, 5.
2. No. 4—C.H. Finne, Little Rock,
Anka) 2) 1h 35.0, 4:
3. No.38—Cyrus Crosby, Crosby, N.
eae le tae I By
4. No. 16—D. elisa Weeks, Port-
land, Oregon; 1, 4, 2, 3, 6.
5. No. 36—Otto Grady, Ludlow, Ky.;
ile, Os
SEPTEMBER CONTEST.
Forty-eight Judges.
1. Nesting Habits of the Hooded
Warbler, 220.
2. Crane Island, 178.
3. Notes from Audubon’s Biography,
128.
4. Notes on the Phoebe, 112.
5. Odlogy vs. Philately, 64.
Hight Judges named the winning art-
icles in their exact order. The prizes
were awarded as follows:
1. No. 6—Walton Mitchell, St. Paul,
Minn.
2. No. 18—B. A. Garrett, Ballston
Spa, N.Y.
3. No. 18—Millard Van Wagner,
Gretna, N.Y.
4. No. 30—C. O. Nifong, Virden, Lils.
A fifth prize was awaaded each of the
following:
No. 31—Frank N. Wright, Virden, Ills.
No. 34—H. C. Lillie, Visalia. Calif.
No. 41—D. Franklin Weeks, Portiand,
Oregon.
No.
Mich.
All prizes for both the August and
September contests were mailed on
October 10th.
48—Fred McAllister, Davison,
THE OOLOGIST. 315
Oinas. Kk, Reed,
Of No. 262 Main St., Worcester, Mass,,
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer
in EVERYTHING in the Specimen and Sup-
ply line required by the Naturalist and
Curio Collector, has recently issued a nee
Illustrated Catalogue, containing several
half-tozes. A copy will be mailed every
feader of tie Oo/e7s7 upon receipt oF
Oily ay Ze stamp.
You should send at once for a copy as the
supply is limited.
316 THE OOLOGIST.
YA
LEE
Si NU i WA
ig Loo eT OD
\\\\ Hy) 4 \ AS LF jin Be
WN del Bas A Ni cee
DSRS TE NR ATTN d What ang
Sai ony Ue cll Wa, BUS Sa E = = RR seer Se >
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS.
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO-
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur-
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Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing Grand
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius,
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole Unit-
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these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
‘s Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography,
uC
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A good price paid for metzorites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones es-
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WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
Minerals, Rocks and Invertebrate Animals.
These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with teachers and
experts connected with the U. 8. Geological Survey and U. S. National Museum.
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will be known as
‘the Washington School Collections.
It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever before been
offered in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular.
WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION.
A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build-
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00.
EDWIN E. HOWELL,
612 17th St., N. W., Washington, D.C.
THE OOLOGIST.
Figures of Importance.
Examine the number following yout
name on the wrapper of this OOLOGIST.
This number denotes the time when
your subscription expires or has expir-
sa stenitis your subscription expired June, 1890
62 IDEs
68 x “6 6 OL June, 1891
74 te 6c “ wy IDKexeg 9
80 ee “ “ 66 June, 1892
86 OG 6 vs 6G IDEs, 100
92 GG “ OG at June, 1893
98 6c 66 oe ae Dec. et
104.“ 66 66 Gn June 1894
110 * “ & willexpire Dec. ‘
We are desirous of straightening our
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our subscribers will send in their sub-
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Should you desire to discontinue
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indebtedness to us is 10 cents less than
the above amount. ‘The figures are
according to our books Sep. 15, 1894,
and many renewals received since that
date have been credited on our books,
but not on the wrapper.
New Standard Catalogue
OF
North /\merican Birds eggs
COMPILED BY
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire,
J. Parker Norris, Esq., and
the late Capt. B. F. Goss.
It gives the Common and Scientific name of
every North American Bird according to the
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O,
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one
hundred of which never appeared on any print-
ed list before.
It is not a personal catalogue of any one
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector
in the entire World who has or could furnish
all the species whose values are given, and
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced.
Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia,
Pa. Send for sample copy.
Wonderiu Try what 10 Cents sent
H. Harte, Jeweler,
Rechester, N. Y., will bring.
317
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG,
. TAXIDERMIST,
AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN
Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds
and Animals.
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A.
ye) a
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Address Lock Box 113 A. B. P. CO., South Ben
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120 Sutter St., Room 17,
. San Francisco, Cal.
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid-
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fornia Birds, also Cal. curiosities. Correspon-
dence solicited.
The Oregon
NATURALIST.
N illustrated 12 page monthly devoted
principally to Ornithology and Oology. It
will open a new field where a great abund-
ance and variety of species abound. Collectors
could no doubt add different specimens to their
cabinets through its columns.
The subscription price is
ONLY 25 cs. A YHAR.
Our advertising rates are moderately low.
Throughout the entire pages are seven wood
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Send a25c Postal Note for a years subscrip-
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Address,
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[edian Relics, Minerals, Curiosities.
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oyr. STONINGTON, CONN.
THE OOLOGIST.
CL SMS.
A Monthly Magazine for both Amateur and Specialist, Devoted
3
Exclusively to Research in Natural Science.
The above publication I shall issue regularly after Nov. 15th at latest,and first
number may possibly appear sooner.
It is to be a high class journal, 40 wide double column pages, and will contain
interesting articles illustrated with fine engravings, on Oology,Ornithology, Mam-
malia, Mollusca. Mineralogy, ete. No fiction, or overdrawn articles will be al-
lowed, but all matter will be strictly vriginal, from the pens of the hest Natural-
ists of the present day. I have already a large list of our most eminent scientists
that have pledged their hearty support, and from the encouragement already re-
ceiyed, and the fact that I have on hand a very complete stock of Natural Science
Specimens, su that all cuts may be taken from the original objects and true to na-
ture, I feel assured of a Journal, that will at once command a place among the
very highest and best of its kind.
For the first year, an Exchange Column will be open for the use of subserib-
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Can you think of a magazine that offers such opportunities for Al results. The
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Doubtless no one is better posted than I of the perils of launching into the
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THE OOLOGIST. 319
NIAGARA PALLS.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootocisr visit Niagara annually
and they always make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc*upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
It is a well known fact the
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hiapquarrers for’
EVERYTHING in the CurIO, SPECIMEN, Novenry or Souventr line pertain-
ing to Niagara.
METHODS
IN THE ART OF
TAAIDERMY,
OLIVER DAVIE,
Author of ‘Nests and Eggs of North
American Birds,” ete.
Containing Ninety Full Page Engravings, over
Five Hundred Figures minutely illustrating
the most practical methods practiced in the art.
It teaches in detail. step by step, the Skinning
and Stuffing of Birds. Mammals, Crustaceans,
Fishes and Reptiles, together with illustrations
of forms and Attitudes of the Animal Kingdom.
The text is by OLIVER DAVIE, who has made
Taxidermy his life study and profession. The
originals of the illustrations were made in In-
nia ink from time to time as the actual subjects
could be obtained from which to make the va-
rious procedures. Tbey were drawn by the
eminent Bird and Mammal Artist. THEODORE
JASPER, A. M., M. D., whose experience in the
Art of Taxidermy extends over a period of fif-
ty years. Every illustration by this artist is a
work of art. Among these engravings are re-
productions from photographs of actual work
by American Taxidermists. Each Copy of this
book is enclosed in box for shipment and is
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In one Quarto Volume, Silk
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Edges, $10.
FRANK H. LATTIN,
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST,
Albion, N. Y.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia, Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named
at moderate prices, also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
Davies Nests and Eggs
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M D.
and W. Otto Emerson,
This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur orare indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
The breeding range of each species Is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O,. U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in tormer editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is
given,
An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
Caton of specimens to all those collecting in the
e
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
‘illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
320 THE OOLOGIST.
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eg A)
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Za ae
9g © ie ctese
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ESE en ee (i719 ORBEA BEES... %
ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1894.
5O0c. per Year. “
Wren, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Chimney
Swift and Barn Swallow following after
according to their nature and the
weather.
The flute-like notes of the Wood
Thrush leads, with the scarcely less
wonderful songs of the Brown Thrash-
er, Catbird, Robin, Vesper Sparrow, In-
digo Bunting and others to keep the
air vibrating with music, and the grand
chorus of all the remaining birds to
add volume to the strain, to make up
the balance of the noise or complete
the pastoral effect, the eye and ear are
at once charmed. As I look and listen
I think what a resting place this would
have been for the ‘‘Father of American
Ornithology,” the great Alexander Wil-
son, whose wish it was that he might
be buried where the birds could sing
over his grave.
Midway, although not by the most
direct route, between the homes of Au-
dubon and. Wilson; there is little doubt
but that both of these great Ornitholo-
gists have traversed this same ground
in their wanderings and search for new
and unnamed species.
FRANK L. BURNS.
THE OOLOGIST.
Notes from Audubon's Biography.
FRED W. PARKHURST.
Part VI.
On the first day of August, 1836, Au-
dubon and his son took passage on the
American Packet ship the ‘‘Gladiator,”
commanded by Thomas Britton, Esq.,
and proceeded on their voyage to New
York. Arriving in New York they
went directly to the house of Audubon’s
brother-in-law Nicholas Berthoud.
Leaving his son in New York Audubon
went on to Boston, where under the
roof of his generous friend Dr. George
C. Shattuck he enjoyed life for a while.
Through the kindness of Dr. Shattuck
Audubon secured several more subserib-
ers in Boston, and made the acquaint-
ance of Thomas M. Brewer, from whom
he 1eceivied many kindnesses. Push-
ing on to Salem he secured a few more
subscribers and formed a number of
acquaintances. Soon after he returned
to Boston and heard of the arrival of
Thomas Nuttall from an _ extended
journey over the Rocky Mountains to
the Pacific Coast. Nuttall generously
gave Audubon from the store of speci-
mens which he brought with him all of
which Audubon was unfamiliar with
and which he desired to figure in the
‘Birds of America.”
From New York Audubon went to
Philadelphia, where Dr. Townsend’s
collection was, which he was very anx-
iousto examine. On his arrival there
he found Dr. Townsend out of the city,
but obtained access to the collection.
Thomas Nuttall had not yet returned,
and loud murmurs were uttered by the
soidisant friends of Science, who object-
ed to Audubon’s examination of the col-
lection, and would not consent that he
should portray and describe those spec-
imens which were not included in the
list of American Fauna. It was agreed
at last that he might parchase dupli-
cates, provided the specific names agreed
000
upon by Audubon and Nutall were pub-
lished in Dr. Townsend’s name. The
latter part of the agreement was satis-
factory to Audubon, as he was never
eager to be the discoverer of new sype-
cies. Of his treatment by those so-call
ed scientists in Philedelphia Audubon
remarks; ‘‘Let me assure you, reader,
that seldom, if ever, in my life have I
felt more digusted with the conduct of
opponents of mine than I was with the
unfriendly boasters of their zeal for the
advancement of ornithological science,
who at the time existed in the fair city
of Philadelphia.”
On a journey from Louisville to Hen-
derson, performed during very severe
weather, in company with Mr. T.
a foreigner, Audubon’s companion, spy-
ing a beautiful animal marked with black
and pure yellow, and having a long
bushy tail, exclaimed, ‘““Mr. Audubon,
is not that a beautiful squirrel ?”
“Yes,’’ replied Audubon, ‘‘aud of a
kind that will suffer you to approach it
and lay hold of it if you are gloved.” Mr.
AN , dismounting, took up a dry stick
and advanced toward the animal, with
his large cloak floating in the breeze. He
approached the animal carefully and
gently laid his stick across the skunk,
for such the ‘‘beautiful squirrel’? was.
The pole-cat raised its fine bushy tail and
showered such a discharge of the fluid
given him by nature asa defence, that
Mr. T. ——, dismayed and infuriated,
began to belabor the poor brute. The
swiftness and good management of the
skunk, however, saved its bones; and
as it made its retreat toward its hole, it
kept up at every step a continued eject-
ment, which fully convinced the gentle-
man that the pursuit of such squirrels
as these was at the best an unprofit-
able employment.
From Philadelphia Audubon bent his
course toward Baltimore, where ~he
spent a few days. Before leaving Phil-
adelphia Audubon’sfriend Hdward Har-
“ris had promised to meet him in Char-
336 THE OOLOGIST.
leston for the purpose of accompanying
Audubon and his party along the west-
ern coast of the Floridas, and the Gulf
of Mexico at least as far as Galveston
Island in Texas.
On his arrival in Washington Aubu-
bon presented himself to the Hon. Leyi
Woodbury, Secretary of the Treasury,
a gentleman of learning, and one who
had always been favorably inclined
towards Audubon; and he at once
assured them that he would if possible
grant them one of our Revenue Cutters
for the intended voyage. The war be-
tween the Seminole Indians and the
citizens of Florida, which was raging
fiercely at the time, tended strongly to
frustrate all their plans, as every avail-
able yessel of this class which was un-
der the control of Mr. Woodbury was
engaged on the coast of. the Peninsula.
Audubon then called on President Jack-
son, from whom, since 1819, he had re-
ceived many favors, and he also assured
Audubon of his wish to be of assistance
to him.
They now proceeded towards Char-
leston, S. C., travelling the latter part
of the way on a most extraordinary
railroad, Audubon says, and reached in
safety the house of Audubon’s
worthy friend Dr. John Bachman. It
was indeed a happy meeting, for ever
since their acquaintance was commen-
ced in the streets of Charleston the two
had been the best of friends. At Dr.
Bachman’s house the box containing
Dr. Townsend's precious series of birds
was opened, and while awaiting the ar-
rival of Edward Harris, Audubon drew
upwards of seventy figures, and was
vssisted in the finishing of the plants,
branches and flowers which accompan-
ied each figure, by Dr. Bachman’s sister-
in-law Miss M. Martin. While in Char-
leston the agreeable tidings was receiv-
ed that Audubon had been elected a
member of the Ornithological Society
of London. Soon afterwards Edward
Harris putin his appearance, but no
Revenne Cutter, and the spring being
very near they pushed on to New Or-
leans, where Audubon had been inform-
ed by Government letters that he should
find a vessel. After several days of
hard travel they arrived at Montgom-
ery, Ala., and secured passage on a
steamer bound for Mobile, and reached
there the following day. Two days
were spent in Mobile examining
the neighborhood, after which they pro-
ceeded to Pensacola. Here Audubon
made the long sought aquaintance of
Mr. Innerarity, to whom he had letters
from his friend Alexander Gordon; and
who introduced Audubon to ail persons
who were likely to foward their views.
The next morning Mr. Innerarity ac-
companied them on board the United
States frigate the ‘“‘Constellation,’’ and
presented Audubon and his little com-
pany to Commodore Dallas, to whom
Audubon had letters of introduction _
from the Government. The gallant
Commodore received them with great
kindness, and, after reading Audubon’s
letters, assured him that as soon asa
cutter could be spared it should be plac-
ed at his service, and that the inform-
ation would be transferred to him
through the medium of the Collector of
Customs at New Orleans or Mobile. Af:
ter searching the country around Pen-
sacola they returned to Mobile and pro-
ceeded to New Orleans by steamer.
We will follow Audubon on his Gulf
trip in the next number.
(TO BE CONTINUED).
Grasshopper Sparrow in Ontario Qo., N- Y.
B.S. BowpisH.
On June 3d. of the present year, a
bright and beautiful day, I started forth
ona quiet stroll of investigation among
~ the feathered denizens of wood and
field. As I left the highway and started
across a clover meadow, my attention
was attracted by a somewhat suspic-
THE OOLOGIST.
ious looking clump of stubbie, and _ in-
vestigating it I found myself gazing in-
to a nest which I at first took to be an
- unusual one of the Grass Finch, but
which a second look convinced me to
be a strange one to me.
It was composed of fine dry grasses,
and a portion of these intertwined with
the stubble in which the nest was situ-
ated, formed a very neat canopy, with
an entrance on the side, facing the
west.
In removing the nest the canopy
seemed to settle and unite with the rim.
The nest exhibited the following meas-
urements: Diameter outside 44 inches,
inside 24 inches; depth outside 3 inches,
inside 24 inches.
The contents were a beautiful set of
five eggs, of a clear white ground color,
thickly marked with fine specks and
larger blotches of pale reddish-brown
and lilac, congregating most thickly
about the Jarger end, where in several
cases they formed a quite distinct
wreath. They were what might be
termed pyriform-oval in shape.
No bird was around, and the eggs
being cold and damp, the nest had no
doubt, from some cause been deserted.
Incubation proved to be fresh.
The nest was sunk in the ground, the
canopy anda firm, well built rim about
one-half inch wide being above the sur-
face.
Although I had never actually ob-
served the Yellow-winged Sparrow
breeding here, I knew it to be a sum-
mer resident, and had no hesitation in
ascribing the identity of this nest to it.
The eggs would average in size .75x.55.
On June 23d I was convinced of the
accuracy of the identity of this set, be-
yond a doubt, as while walking along a
path through a clover meadow, I saw
seated on a nest in’a clover tuft beside
the path, one of these beautiful little
birds. It never left the nest till my
hand was almost upon it, when it dart-
ed off in a quick zig zag flight for a few
rods and settled in the grass.
387
With the exception of the canopy
covering, which in this case was want-
ing, nest and eggs were the exact
counterpart of the first ones.
Leaving the nest undisturbed, I next
morning went with my gun and _ se-
cured the bird as it left the nest. It
proved to be the male, of about the ty-
pical coloring, with the usual bright
yellow wing edging, but with less of a
yellowish cast than is usual, in the
median line, interscapsulars, and under
feathers.
The nest measured: Diameter out-
side 4 inches, inside 2} inches; depth
outside 3 inches, inside 24 inches. Like
the first nest, the bottom was frail and
the remainder of the structure rather
more poorly built. Incubation in this
set was advanced.
This bird is of quiet inconspicuous
nature, its coloring from a distance
rendeving it similar to the really much
larger Geass Finch in the eye of the
casual observer, its song blending with
that of winged insects, (causing it to be
called Grasshopper Sparrow)
and from these causes it often remains
unsuspected where really not uncom-
mon.
The stomach contents of the above
specimen partook of both insect and
vegetable nature.
Phelps, N. Y., Sept. 2, 1894.
<—+
COLLECTING VIZ :— OOLOGLICAL.
(Continued from page 328.)
es where it lays and makes it less con-
Sspicuous, and as to shape we see a
most plausible explanation in the
Sept. O6LoGIsr—but why white on the
inside, and why such variation in shape
and sizeof egg in the same nest. In
connection with Odlogy there has been
a great amount of collecting done, but
very little studying. Coloration is an
especially fertile field—particularly so is
the coloration of sets—a comparison of
the circumstances are different and the
eggs are different. Witha fairly large
a
308
series of sets of any one species, accom-
panied by full and careful data it is not
an unreasonably dix
MM
Led
LM
Contains 15 varieties of rare minerals, as fol-
lows: Coquina, Calc Spar, Fluorite, Feldspar,
Silver Ore, Serpentine, Calamine,Syenite,Tour-
mMmaline, Milky Quartz, Drusy Quartz, Hematite,
Marcasite, Galena and Zinc Ore, all labelled and
secured ina neat tray, like cut, postpaid for 25c.
THE OOLOGIST.
Make a ietant in the right direction by purchas-
ing Bartlett’s Cabinet. Well worth double
Neat, novel and instructive to study.
“Eclipse’’ Curiosity Cabinet.
Contains Chinese Poker Chip, ¢ Chinese Napkin,
Chinese Lottery Ticket, Star-fish, Giant Tree-
Bark Cal., Red Sea Bean, Alligator Tooth, 3.
Yellow Wax Shells, Marine Algs, Gypsum
Crystals, Bloody Tooth Shell, Chinese Cash
Coin. Flexible Coral, 3 Boat Shells, Egg of Peri-
winkle, Drab Sea Bean, Sunfiower Coral, 3
Money Cowry Shells and Fossil Crinoid. All
labeled name and locality and in partitioned
pox like cut. Sent postpaid for 25cts.
Reliable Coin and Stamp Guide, 50 pages, givingrprices paid for all U.S. and Foreign Coins and
Stamps, 15c. Funny Chinese Chop Sticks.
claimed they eat soup with them.
500 years old, 4 for 10c.
doz.
The knife, fork and spoon of the Chinamen.
Ebony wood, a foot long.
Perfect Indian Arrow Heads, with locality, 4 for 25c,6 for 35c, 65¢ per
All postpaid. No, I no longer issue a catalogue.
R.E. BARTLETT, 99 STATE ST., ROCKFORD,
It is.
10ca pair. Chinese Cash Coins,
ILLS.
TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons
Pistols, Gun Cases, Shooting Shot Shells; also
co SPECIMEN HUNTERS.
tridges for
All Kinds, all prices from $!.00 to $25.00. List
free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list.
JAMES H. JOHNSTON,
PITTSBURG, PA.
Dissolution Notice.
Notice is hereby given that the part-
nership lately existing between Frank
H. Lattin and Walter F. Webb under
the firm name ot F. H. Lattin & Co..
was dissolved on the 31st day of July,
A. D., 1894, by mutual consent.
FRANK H. LATrrin.
WALTER F. WEBB.
Important: Fee ree
never be address-
ed to F. H. Lat-
tin & Co., but to either Frank H.
LATTIN or WALTER F. Wepss, which
ever you may wish to receive the same.
All matters pertaining to the OoLOGIST
must be addressed ‘‘LATTIN”. By heed-
ing this ‘‘pointer” you may save both
yourself and the party you may wish
your letter to reach both delay and
possible unpleasantness.
Davie’s Nests and Eggs
NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS
Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D
and W. Otto Emerson,
This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs.
of the Land and Water Birds of North America,
which includes all the species known to exist—
those that occur or are indigenous north of the
Southern United States boundary, including
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California.
The breeding range of each species Is given,
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs
laid, their color and size together with the chief
characteristics of the bird.
The arrangement of the work is according to
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s)
as used in former editions, are placed to the
right of each species. Throughout the text all
the common names of the birds are to be found,
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is,
given,
An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi-
ee of specimens to all those collecting in the
field,
The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page
illustrations.
Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75.
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y.
THE OOLOGIST
O41
NIAGARA PALILS.
Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootocisr visit Niagara annually
and they always make it a point to visit
TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM.
This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R.
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc*upies a new
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill—
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State.
It is a well known fact the
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarrers for
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NovELTy or SOUVENIR line pertain-
ing to Niagara.
THE MUSEUM.
A High-class Monthly devoted to re--
search in the Natural Sciences. 36
pages, highly illustrated with half-tones
and photo engravings. Acknowledged
by all the finest of its kind.
Exchange notices $c per word. Ad-
vertising rates very low.
Send 10c for sample copy or enclose
$1.00 bill in your letter for a year’s sub-
seription—you wiil never regret it.
The first number now out, contains
special offers of interest to all—you
should not fail to see it.
W. F. WEBB,
PUBLISHER,
ALBION, N. Y.
STONE
INDIAN RELICS!
points.
* AND FINEST IN THE WEsT. Buckskin Relics,
Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates,
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp.
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES-
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, 8S. D.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named
at moderate prices, also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
What Moves It
One of Nature’s Wonders.
THE JUMPING SEED 02 LIVING BEAN!
Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always
Dancing.
The wonder of the Scientific Wotld.
ing to old and young.
The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known!
A full description and explanation of this
phenomenon accompanies each box.
Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid.
EK. VAN WINKLE,
Vans Harbor, Mich.
Interest-
SKRND FOR IT!
6a CRBEGTISED OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and
Results.’’—is the title of a book of 200
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur-
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases—
Inany of them after being abandoned to die by
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any
address on applicatton.
DRS. STARKEY & PALEN,
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal.
Please mention the OOLOGIST.
Of all kinds for Naturalists a
PRINTIN speciality. Note and _ letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F,
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf
342
THE OOLOGIST.
Chas. K. Reed,
Vou
Of No. 262 Main St., Worcester, Mass,,
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer
in EVERYTHING in the Specimen and Sup-
ply line required by the Naturalist and
Curio Collector, has recently issued a new
Illustrated Catalogue, containing several
halftones. A copy will be mailed every
reader of the Oo/ogzst upon receipt of
only a 2c stamp.
should send at once for a copy as the
supply is limited.
THE OOLOGIST. 343
A
4
“ <
Ce i PS
Rute
= SPR Rn
} «
Hh NK ee ZZ AN
. Ween ALIEN
we te ls we lis 22, eid AW ye Se ks
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS.
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO-
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur-
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps.
RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS.
Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing Grand
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius,
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Etc., Ete. Aliso model of the whole Unit-
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled_on correct curviture. Many of
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
mienics of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography,
ue:
MEOTERITES.
A good price paid for met2orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones es-
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire ‘‘find” or ‘‘fall.”” Meteorites
also cut, polished and etched.
WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
Minerals, Rocks and Invcrtebrate Animals.
These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with teachers and
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. S. National Museum.
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will be known as
the Washington School Collections.
It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever before been
offered in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular.
WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION.
A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build-
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00.
EDWIN E. HOWELL,
61217th St., N. W., Washington, D.C.
344 THE OOLOGIST.
A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant.
FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES
» AND ALL METALS
STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL.
'; Imitators claim something ‘‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of
Gunoleum.
Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”.
(Because it affords them a better profit.)
BE HONEST, AND REFUSE IT.
A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish.
FOR
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL,
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, AND DENTAL
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, _ STEEL, INSTRUM TS.
Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly
for anyone who wishes it..
SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 Ib. can 75c. and 5 ib. can $3.00.
Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.”’
MANUFACTURED BY
THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO.,
BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A.
ENGIRIRARIRD
2 eg
Monthiy.
Vii LSE RI RD SV EARs.
“aN :
Se cen :
a7 CAB eayexapena esa] ca) c) hull, Zea. Wilite. Mbis 126" and
other rare eggs at one-third their value.
Here is a chance for some wealthy Naturalist to obtain a fine collec-
tion cheap, or any dealer of enterprise might easily double his invest-
ment, by breaking up this collection and selling it piece-meal.
Bargains for Young Oologists.
The above collection contains several rare singles and second-class
eges. These I shall weed out and offer at following rates:
First-class singles. Second-class Eggs.
WivestenmGrebenes tac. te pis TS hs OOM MA a uemey rivend be si) | a Sime)
GitbnWyalke niece ears kei, TUG Cal BIN AN MAN ae agrees oc hay st Nome 08
Mie vee Gaull Saree koe Woy Jieellangl Croll seb See de oe 2
Negjuillramat sys cass cae scsserays scat ROO Kame Duck) amucwiuena te 25
Grammer nen Cent: Ii peltonl BABI IR eget etn One Peart a Spt eet 06
Seaalinillly, Crame chine wiss neh MeOOy, i Wassiiarsy Acme ie: heii eon 25
Scam ale sy Ak ade tes «1 EOO. LO pIG MD IRda kane GA eee 50
And many others as cheap. Facer Im 1a Tas A rae cee 15
Send for full list.
W. RAINE. TORONTO, CANADA.
302 THE OOLOGIST.
“Davis’ Standard Collectors’ Directory of North America,”
Will appear soon, and will contain the names of over 10.000 reliable Collectors in Oology,’: Philate-
ly. Ornithology, Conchology, Mineralogy, and Mammalogy. Each name will be placed under one
of the above special branches, Thee will be no charge for inserting your name, so please write
your name plainly (and as many others as you know to be reliable, in your neighborhood) on a
postal card) stating uuder which branch to place your name, and send at once tome. This will be
an excellent opportunity to get your name in the best medium of exchange that has been, or will
appear for years to come.
ADDRESS, EDWIN C. DAVIS. CAINESVILLE, TEXAS.
‘T Want An Evo Collection!”
And with the assistance of my Oological friends I have most sanguine anticipations that with patience,
forbearance and perseverance my almost insatiable thirst in this direction will ullumately,to a certain
extent, become alleviated.
During the first thirty days of my collections careera nice little nucleus of about $409.00 worth of
seis has beeu tormed.
Daring the second thirty days I shall be exceedingly iiberal and vroad in my offers and wlll accept
strictly A No. 1 full and compiete sets of any species recognized as telonging to the North American
Fauna, except A, O. U. No’s 444 to 766, inclusive, that have a greater value than 50¢ peregy or aless one
than 10c. Many of these *‘excepted” species will however be accepted, but must be a matter ot special
correspondence.
The authenticity of these sets must be unquestionable and the data aCcompanying the same
must be very complete.
I prefer (am not positive on these points however) to receive sets of *94 collecting and direct
from the original collector.
Now if you have one or more sets which you think would please me and which you will ex-
change at full Standard Catalogue rates for anything I otfer bslow or in November OOLOGIST at
prices quoted I want them and wish that you would send on at once prepaid.
Remember I will only accept such sets as I have designated and on Conditions named and al-
though I will accept any number of sets from a single collector—I will not accept more than two
sets of a species from the same party—I also reserve the privilege to return any set or sets not up to
my standard and also the duplicate sets of many species which I shall undoubtedly receive. should
Iso desire. Your specimens are to be sent at your risk and prepaid. I will send all return pack-
ages prepaid and at my risk.
This offer is a very broad one and will never be repeated—it will hold in force until Jan. 15th
1895. not a single day later.
I have no time to correspond over this matter, hence do not write me in relation to the Same
unless itis absolutely necessary or your letter is accompanied with specimens. Faithfully,
FRANK H. LATTIN.
The following are the articles and the prices at which I of-
fer them in exchange for the abowe in addition to the ones
offered in November Oologist:
Astropecten bizpinosus A peculiar Star fish Egg of Gray-tailed Cardinal _....... 1... 50
far 1x1 © aid mn ey ee EBD Sa Nees 3 50 Nidorella armata, a peculiar Star fish from
Asterias ochracea, That large yellowish Galifor- Panama, somewhat suggestive of a minature
nia Star fish, covered with those peculiar African shield..._.. s (0)
La aVONOL Oy THOMAS Leas bas eerste sess 15 Heliaster Kubingii. “This is a “peculiar many
1000 back numbers of the Youth’s Companion armed Svar tish from Chili known as “Sun
and Golden Days in lots of 50 [or over, at 3c Flower” Starfish, ‘‘Sun-dial” Star fish... 1 00
per copy. Porcupine Fish, from the Pacific................ 1 00
Genuine Sioux War _ Clubs, stone heads, Polished Buffalo Hoof Cushion............-....... 1 50
rawhide covered handles, selected specimens, Card Case large. size with polished Agate
(must go by express at cechanes Oro SWF STGES! o/s Re eS SE ee 8 00
pense)... 5 00 Stamp Box, Agate. LF pik eC UO pr ee 1 50
“Standard ‘Catalogue of N. A. Birds. Eggs. uy Book Mark, Agate handle with ‘‘World’s Fair”
Deere alee ten aoa ier eres aU erate. ee tee De Muar aS 35 engraved ona sickle shaped blade ......... 1 50
‘Notes on the Natural History ‘of Labr ager, » Cigar @mtteni@hanm Ss tAto ates eee eee i 25
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FRANK H. LATTIN,
ORLEANS CO., ALBION, N. Y.
THE
WOOL: XT NO. 12. ALBION, N.
Y., DEC., 1894.
)OLOGIST.
WHOLE No. 110
A Few Notes on the Tufted Puffin.
The Tufted Puffin (Lunda cirrhata)
belongs to a curious sub-family of birds,
its grotesque beak alone making it an
object of curiosity.
It is known as the ‘‘Sea Parrot” trom
its general resemblance to a parrot, but
more particularly because of its beak.
The structure of the Puffin is compact
and it is one of the most powerful sea
birds found on the Farallone Island. It
has great wing power, as have all the
sea birds for in the migratory season
they cover immense distances.
numbers, usually on the rocks near the
summits of the higher cliffs. They will
often sit perched on a rock near the
entrance to their burrows for a consid-
erable time, making not asound and
suggesting to one a sentinel in the per-
formance of a solemn and important
duty. They arethe most striking birds
that inhabit the cliffs. The body is
almost a uniform black terminating
abruptly at the neck, the head being
white. Two straw-yellow plumes, one
on either side of the head curve back
and downwards, are of almost a silken
fineness. ‘The immense beak consists of
ee.
From Photo by Barlow.
Egg. Nest and Nesting Site of Tufted Puffin.
The Tufted Puffin is seldom found
along the Coast, but Mr. L. M. Loomis
of the Cal. Academy of Sciences has
recently proven by personal observa-
tions that many of the sea birds (among
them the Puffin) keep well out at
sea in their migrations, with the coast
dine barely in view as a guide.
On the Farallone Island the Tufted
Puffin is to be found in considerable
several transverse sections, colored
With varying shades of red, green and
vermillion.
The Puffins are exceedingly wary
when on duty near their burrows and
keep a lookout on all sides, and if
one approaches them and makes a
threatening movement—they immediat-
ely plunge from their perch and swift-
ly sail out over the ocean. They are
354
also very :tenacious of life, and unless
one is armed with a gun, to capture and
killa Puffinis noeasy matter. I once
saw a Greek egg-picker catch a bird in
its burrow and attempt to kill it. He
wrung its neck and struck its head a-
gainst a rock very forcibly but to no a-
vail, until a knife was used to sever an
artery. I shot several of these birds for
skinning purposes and found it required
hard hitting to kill them outright.
The nesting habits of this species are
most interesting. They nest usually at
the end of natural burrows in the gran-
ite cliffs, varying in length from two to
five feet, They also are found at one
place on the Island where there are
numerous large bowlders gathered on
a hillside. Here the eggs are laid in lit-
tle depressions behind the-rocks, gener-
ally out of sight of a passer-by. The Puf-
fins raise at least two and possibly more
young in a season, and the date of nest-
ing varies with the seasons.
One egg is laid at the end of the bur-
row, a few pieces of coarse, dry weed
generally being used as a nest. The
female Puffins sit very close, especially
as the egg advances in incubation.
While approaching burrows known to
be inhabited, and making considerable
noise by reason of scrambling about
among the rocks, I have seen the birds
come to the mouth of their tunnels and
and upon seeing me, take wing, In
these cases usually I secured fresh eggs.
Again I have peered into a long, dark
burrow to see the conspicuous white
face of the Puffin pointing toward me.
A writer has suggested this is a signal
of danger (to the collector). Generally
the birds would prove to be covering an
incubated egg or a young bird.
A scoop is used to good advantage in
gathering the eggs from deep burrows
and is a much more comfortable means
of gathering the treasures than by
reaching in when Mrs. Puffin is at home.
The Paftins have a reputation of being
“‘stayers” if once they get the fingers of
LHE OOLOGIST.
an enemy in their powerful beaks.
This reminds me of one of the egg-pick-
ers who had a friend in San Francisco,
who possessed a lonely parrot. Having
heard of the ‘‘sea parrot” he suggested
that the egger bring him one as a mate
for his ‘‘Polly.” This occurred to the
egg-picker as a capital joke, and he:
immediately secured one and it came in.
on the boat that we returned on from
the Island. It is safe to say that if the
recipient placed the ‘‘parrot”’ with his
domestic Polly, the latter did not sur-
vive long enough to secure an introduc-
tion to its cousin from the sea.
The young of the ‘Tufted Puffin are
an entire black in color, The Puftins.
subsist, I believe, entirely upon fish
which they catch and do not eat eggs.
The eggs of this species are somewhat
large for the size of the bird. They
show much variation as to size and
markings and are pointed. Few eggs.
are found which can be called pure
white as most of them haye deep shell
markings of a light lilac shade. I have
one egg which is spotted over the entire
surface. Another has a héavy wreath
about the largeend, composed of wavy
blotches of light brown and lilac. Ina
large series great variation is obtainable.
I should judge that the first part of
June is most favorable for fresh eggs,
as on the 20th almost all were badly in-
cubated and a number of young were
found.
On one cliff I came across the evid-
ence of a probably fierce battle. In a
burrow some four feet in length was a
Puflin sitting sedately upon its fresh
egg. About one-half the way in was a
dead Cassin’s Auk'et, evidently having
been dead a day two and near by was
its single white egg. I inferred that
the Auklet had selected the burrow as
its home and was incubating its ege
when a ferocious Puffin came along,
“jumped the elaim,’? murdered its al-
most helpless owner and took possess-
ion. I took the Puffin’s egg and left.
the scene of the fray.
THE OOLOGIST
Owing to its peculiar structure and
beak the Tufted Puffin is one of the
most interesting specimens an osteolo-
gist could well secure, though the strik-
ing coloration of the beak rapidly fades
after death.
Many of the eggs of the Puffin become
nest cracked by being rolled against the
sharp edges of rock by the parent bird
in leaving and entering the burrow.
These birds nest in colonies on some
parts of the Island and seem to dwell
together harmoniously.
As night silently settles over the Is-
land, after a glorious sunset, the Puffins
come forth from their burrows and can
be seen at twilight perched stolidly on
the cliffs—a gvard as it were—over the
Island until the first gray dawn in the
East shall announce another day and
the harsh glamouring of the sea birds
lend life to the scene once more.
C. BARLOw,
Santa Clara, California.
The Scarlet Tanager.
Did you ever see a girl dressed in a
bright scarlet gown with black velvet
sleeves? Of course you have; and if
you are anything like me, you are not
an admirer of this kind of dress. It is
too flashy and brilliant for a street cos-
tume, and rather savors of show, anda
tendency to be conspicuous, and seen
of men.
However, we can forgive the gaudily
dressed person, if there are redeeming
traits of character, and particularly are
we liable to overlook the foibles of
fashion, if the individual possesses a
pleasing voice and graceful mauners.
This comparison of the Scarlet Tanager
with the flashily-dressed girl, could be
carried still farther, but I hear some
girl student of bird-life, remark, that I
ama little crooked in my reasoning;
for it is Mr.,S. Tanager who shines
forth in searlet and velvet, while the
lady in the case, is known as a retiring
and plainly dressed home-body.
300"
The red-bird or fire-bird arrives, on
an east and west line, on a _ parallel:
with New York city, about April the’
twentieth, or a little later as a rule..
and sometimes not till the very last
part of the month. Soon after the ap--
pearance of the brilliant males, the re-
tiring, greenish-coated mates lend their™
presence. Many birds pass to the
North, and during migration the Tana-
ger is silent, but as soon as the neigh--
borhood is selected for a summer home, .
these brilliant plumaged birds of thrill-
ing, soulful melody, tune their silvery”
throats in the shade of the groves.
When a child I was told that this”
brilliantly-colored bird never sang, and
I used to view it as a representative of
fashion alone, in bird-dom, and did not
rank it among my favorites. Later,
when I had become familiar with its
beautiful song, and had listened to its
soulful notes in the forest, my adniira-
tion increased.
There are few species of our song-
sters which surpass this retiring wood-
land bird, and it is to be doubted if
there are any singers of the deep woods
who equal him. Although comparison
fails to do justice to this songster, it
may be said that the Tanager’s refrain
is something like the song of the Rose-
breasted Grosbeak. It is not nearly so
loud nor quite as variable but there is
a similarity to an extent. To copy the
song by a series of syllables on paper is
seldom satisfactory. In faet, tbis is
hardly ever a suecess with bird songs,
for the songs, though familiar, do not
always sound ‘he same to our ears at
different times. From this reason, a
very thorough study of the notes must
be made before it is best to offer our
notes'on bird songs to the public. I
have repeatedly taken notes on this
bird’s song, but have not yet resolved
them into notes which I would want to
to publish. While speaking of bird
songs and their description, a few
words to observers may rot be out of
place.
"B56
If one records with pen and ink, the
song of a bird, that is, translates it in-
to sounds which can be placed on pa-
per, and then lays the description
away, it will usually be found that the
next description of the same song will
not correspond with the first record.
In this manner five or six, or more dif-
ferent songs may be credited to a spec-
ies whereas it has but one or at the
most no more than two or three. If we
_go into the woods and fields with our
minds made up about a birds song, we
will hear that song just as we have it in
our mind. For instance, one bird says,
‘bob-white,’ another ‘whip-poor-will,’ and
still another ‘kill-deer,’ and it is difti-
cult to fit other suitable words to the
song-notes, because we have known
them so long. However, we wel! know
that American strangers to the notes
might adjust the songs to decidedly dif-
ferent syllables, and it is utterly be-
yond our ability to say how a French-
man or German might define the song.
The fire-bird sometimes sings during
the hours of darkness, and it is one of
the seven or eight species who are mu-
sical at night in my locality. It is only
during May and June that it favors us
with its notes at nizht, and then only
at rare intervals, and in a quarter of
a century of observations I have only
noted the song during the hours from
ten p. m. to one a. m. a few times.
Soon after arriving the bird begins
mating, although I am satisfied that
“this species, like nearly all other
song-birds, is principally mated on ar-
rival. The nests are not 1arely begun
by the middle of May, but more often a
week or ten days later.
The nest is a very shiftlessly con-
structed affair, and is so poorly put to-
gether that the eggs can nearly always
be seen through the thin bottom, or
even sides, ‘and collectors frequently
govern themselves in regard to date of
climbing the tree, from a daily or week-
ly inspection of the nest from the
ground.
THE OOLOGIST.
Nests are nearly always found on
horizontal limbs, and at from three to
ten feet from the main body of the tree,
and at an elevation generally of twelve
to thirty feet above the ground. One
nest which met my notice was above
forty feet, and two were just below
that height. One nest was only eight
feet up and another barely ten feet.
The structure is often placed in a_hori-
zontal fork. out is frequently built on
top of a limb and supported at the sides
by small shoots. It may be that nests
are oceasionally found in upright
crotches, but they are never taken in
these situations to my knowledge.
Neither are they usually found close to
the trunk.
The fire-bird often selects high woods,
and more nests have come to my notice
in oak woods than any other. In these
situations it generally prefers white oak
trees, Quercus alba. In lower lands,
the birds select beech and sometimes
elm. On one occasion I found a nest in
a wild crab-apple and a friend took a
set in an ironwood.
Small twigs and roots mainly form
the structure. To these, dead grass,
and strips of bark, are occasionally
added, and at times dead leaves are
found.
The earliest date at which I have
taken a complete set is May twenty-
third, while the best date collecting
fresh eggs from the 40th to 48d paral-
lels is about June tenth. Itis not rare
to find fresh sets as late as July first
and I have taken eggs on the eighteen-
th of that month. Itis not easy to ae-
count for these late nestings, but it is
probable that they are the result of dis-
turbances to the first attempt, for it is
generally believed that this species
rears but a single brood during the
season.
The eggs are so well known that but
slight description will be given here.
In color they are of a bluish-green, in-
clining to green and are marked and
THE OOLOGIST.
dotted with brown, sometimes over the
entire surface, but oftener near the
larger end. Occasionally there is a
confluence of blotches, which makes a
patch at the butt, and again the spots
‘forma ring. If a comparison were
made, it might be said that the red-
bird’s eggs more nearly approach those
of the Rose-breasted Grosbreak, both in
eolor and markings, than any other
eggs that we have in my section. They
are almost always smaller than the
Grosbeak’s, yet I have seen them so
alike in size, shape and markings that
the best expert would be deceived and
not able to identify.
Davie gives three to five as the size of
a set, but I have never found a set of
five eggs, nor can I learn of that num-
ber being taken. In quite two-thirds
of the complete sets that I have found
only three eggs occupied the nest.
Although so well known, the collec-
tions of eggs throughout the country,
do not contain good series of sets of
this Tanager. I refer to local collec-
tions, and not the ones which are bought
and exchanged for all over the Union.
In fact I can say that the eggs of this
species are not easily taken.
It is not rare to find nests, but it is
not always an easy matter to get the
eggs. Irecall my earlier attempts at
securing the eggs. The first nest was
all of ten feet from the trunk and
placed on a limb of a size which would
not bear my weight, nor could I bend
it up to the limb above. Placing two
friends below with a blanket in their
hands, I tried the act of shaking the
eggs out. Result: Shook out O. K. but
smashed when they struck the blanket.
My next nest was well out on a limb
and quite thirty feet up. Reaching out
I tied a rope on limb and the other end
of the rope was made fast to limb
above. ThenI whittled for a half hour.
Result: Limb rotated when rope was
pulled and eggs went to destruction.
The next two sets were just ready to
307 |
hatch and the eggs ruined in attempts
at blowing. In fact I had been collect-
ing four years before a good set was
secured.
Like the efforts of most boys, my per-
sistence was worthy of a better cause.
Now, as | look back, although there are
a thousand pleasing memories in con-
nection with my trips and escapades,
itis painful to think how I erred in
judgment for the need of an advisor.
There was no O6LOGIsT in those early
days to help a fellow along.
DipyYMUs.
-—_t <> > _—~+
Water Birds of Heron Lake.
Every collector of eggs in America,
nearly, knows about Heron Lake, the -
‘locality indicated on the data for bis
sets of Franklin’s Gull being,” Heron
Lake. Jackson Co., Minn. Knowing -
well the famousness of this collecting
ground, and aware that this spot is the
home of that quiet but enthusiastic gar-
dener, sportsman and ornithologist, Mr.
Thomas Miller, I found an added satis-
faction, last Aprilin the fact that my
new work had called me to a spot not
five miles from the homes of Mr. Miller
and the Franklin Gulls.
Itis a really wonderful avifaunian
region. The lake at high water has a
linear extent of fifteen miles. (In 1870,
before the day of railroads, a steamer
plied the Jake, for this distance, while
Sandhill Cranes nested, plentifully, on
the prairie slopes along the western
end of the lake.) Thus, evidently, is
formed a local point in the belt of mi-
gration lying immediately west of the
Mississippi river; while the sparse oc-
currence of tiny natural tree-groups .
(oak, ash, box-elder, cottonwood), and
of well regulated and well grown ‘‘tree- -
claims’? and ‘wind-breaks,” provides .
the finest of resting and feeding places
for the smaller land birds. (Mr. Miller
sets, behind his pipe, of a Sunday after-
noon in early May, beside his door, be- -
“358
neath one of the trees in the narrow
-belt of natural growth elders at the
head of the lake, and counts more kinds
of Warblers and such-like in half an
hour than you big woodsy fellows of
Pennsylvania and Michigan can iden-
tify in a week!) From the high plateau
of my Wilder home, Heron Lake, in
summer, appears as a narrow belt of
silver, girding the greenery of the field
and meadow, tive miles to the south.
But, in mid March of this year, as I
came down to ‘‘look over the .ground,”’
it lay, asa sombre, gray possibility in
the vague distance, whence and whith-
er came and went great phalanxes of
Mallards, impelled by hunger; and
dazed by the mist and the sleet that
swept and drove, here, there,
everywhere.
On April 8d this region gave one a
kindlier welcome. ‘There lay the lake,
and Gulls were wheeling and whirling,
Ring-bills, maybe, forthey did not come
near, nor linger long. The evening of
April 6a flock of my favorite White-
fronted Geese sounded their haut-boy
eall, and early next morning, on the
wings of the warm south wind, came a
wave of migration, gieat flocks of Can-
vas-backs, in lines and V’s, and cres-
cents, their wings silvery gleaming,and
among them all, one solitary Snow
Goose.
Next morning the clear, resonant
bassoon of the Sandhill Cranes called
the eye upward to where the stately
forms were sailing northward, ‘‘half-
mile” high, or gun-shot low, in squads
and companies of six, nine, fifteen,
forty-five: why didn’t they come down
and nest, as they used to twenty-five
years ago.It was too much,—this super-
abundant sign of bird life. My car
(with horse and carriage) not yet ar-
rived, I set out for Heron Lake on foot.
Just launching my boat, I hear again
the Sandhill’s trumpet call, and, look!
seventy-five, passing, low down, across
the lake-arm, barely out of range!
and ,
THE OOLOGIST.
I near an island. Blue-winged Teals
arise from the grass; a Gadwall drake
whistles by, unheeding boat or man, a
gaudy Shoveller winds his watchman’s
rattle, across the bay;and a white cloud
of Forster’s Teras came whirling and
gliding past with strident calls.
A large island tempts me ashore.
From growths of reed and grass, with
water hip deep, the Mallards rise, sud-
denly, and escape my gun. In a shal-
low pool are Green-wings feeding, and
here on the margins, are springing the
tender shoots of Vallisnerta and now I
know what calls hither those rafts of
Canvas-backs that are whitening the
distant waves, rising, now and then,
for very unrest and lurking fear.
About mid-afternoon the incessant
passing of the ducks, beyond my range
became monotonous, when suddenly a
pair of Canada Geese appears, above
the near cane brake horizon, perhaps a
half mile away. ‘The distance was rid-
iculous, but what sportsman wonld not
have grasped his gun afresh, and. wait-
ed a nearer approach, with beating
heart. The birds were passing slowly
over a small island clad with canebrake
of unusual luxurianece, when suddenly
four bellowing shots rolled out in deli-
berate succession from beneath the
birds. With renewed eagerness I
watched the Geese :move onward, un-
ruffled, expecting instantly the spasm-
odic lift of wing and the wheeling fall,
for these birds fly far when hit and die
hard. Suddenly, sure enough, one
bird poises her wings and lowers her
course,slowly, steadily and drops in the
midst of a bare, fire scorched shallow
on the lake margin, over a mile away.
Quickly I take oar to help the suecess-
ful sportsman find his bird.
AsI near the island where the shots
were fired I see upon rounding a point
a whole raft of Ducks, gracefully riding
the restless waves. Cautiously I hug
the grassy margins, and leap ashore
and steal across .the island through
THE OOLOGIST.
lense growths of grass and canebrake,
the latter, often ten feet high. But here
the musk-rats have mown their timber
for years. It lies yard measure deep
in some spots. There just beyond me
isan open space, twenty feet square
maybe, and well shut in with the drift
and wrack piled deep above the very
shallow water. And near to one side,
is a mound of material, three feet
across and eight inches elevated, of
grass and reed stems and flag stems
and grey down and in its center (a_hol-
low, wash-bowl size) are four creat
white eggs! What! a nest of the Cana-
da Goose, not five miles, as the Herons
fly, from the sound of clicking type-
writers, and of the parsing of Greek
verbs, from the bustle and the routine
school life and of ‘‘actual business?’ A
nest of the Canada Goose and the moth-
er bird is dead! Thus my personally
taken set of Canada Goose eggs were
laid by perhaps the last pair of these
birds to breed at Heron Lake.
I press to the farther margin of the
islandto get a shot at that flock of
Ducks. There they are, thick together,
Traise my gun, suddenly a boat prow
eclipses half the flock and a disappoint-
ed city sportsman gathered in his de-
COVSHweaelello; 7 hs cried: “What?
[shortly] ‘“‘Your Goose fell dead over
yonder!’ ‘I know it!” [snappishly].
So [ went on alone to find the bird, whose
mate, incessantly calling, betrayed the
place where she fell.
Ten minutes hard wading in the shal-
lows, away yonder is the bereaved gan-
der, off he goes, and his dead mate
briskly follows! And so is ruined a
pathetic story. Two other nests were
later found, containing eggs and I my-
self in June discovered, on a rat-house,
the depth of the wilderness of grass and
cane, adeserted nest, the young hatched
and gone and a single egg of Forster’s
Tern reposing in a hollow in the very
middle ofthe nest. Later still I flushed
fourteen old Geese in one flock. Wary
birds, the wariest of the wary, may they
here long breed and prosper!
But now to my notes again. April
138th a pair of Loons arrived in the lit-
tle lake across the railroad track from
my house. They staid a week.
April 14th the Greater Yellow-legs be-
gan to appear in the grassy pools.
Four days later their lesser cousins be-
gan to arrive. Both kinds grew more
abundant until the middle of May when
they practically disappeared.
Avril 18th found me at the Lake
again. A few Red-heads; a Pintail or
two;a pair of Marbled Godwits; and
scattered ‘‘wisps” of Pectoral and Semi-
palmated Sandpiper, were among the
species newly seen.
The last of April, American Bitterns
began to be heard booming in the
marshes. Then on May 8d came the
Franklin Gulls, all at once, flfty in the
first flock Isaw. What charming, soc-
iable, Swallow-like birds! Why have
not the men who have taken their eggs
by the hundred told us somewhat of
their ‘‘life histories?’
P. B. PEABODY.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
Some Expericnce with the Young of the
Ruffed Grouse and Bob White.
(GEPANRETITED)
To those who reverence Nature and
learn to worship through her teachings,
it must always seem a lovely circum-
stance that the inberent fear, the way-
ward disposition in the wild bird and
mammal alike, yield to domestication
only through the agencies of kindness
and of patience.
To domesticate, we must first gradu-
ally gain confidence from the wild spir-
it of the individual in hand, and then,
through many succeeding generations,
by painstaking care, I might say by
love, must instill into the being of the
once fearful species, the trust and feel-
ing of fellowship which such environ-
ment usually inspires.
360
It would seem that our Creator in-
tended all animals to administer to our
wants in just such proportion as we
show ourselves deserving of tnem, in
our attitude towards the lower animals.
For instance, a wild species, which is
found by man to be of much value, if
not domesticated by him, must be killed
to be utilized, and is surely doomed to
ultimate extermination, towards which
end ihe Beaver and the Passenger Pig-
eon have already so nearly come.
Again our animals, when domesticated,
are profitable just in proportion as they
are made the more comfortable. To
get the best results from a cow, ora
sheep, or a hen, we must study the
needs and bestow the care upon it, that
will supply the comfort which the ani-
mal requires; and the improvement of
breeds is accomplished only through
the appearance and predominence of
valuable characteristics which condi-
tions more favorable than the species
had before known, had caused to de-
velop and remain. In other words,
man must domesticate through kind-
ness and care for with kindness in or-
der to derive the greatest benefits from
any native species whose habits will
admit of such a course.
It is a very interesting study to note
the different degrees of adaptability to
domestic life, and the ease with
which some species are subdued while
others remain as yet unyielding.
All this is fine to think of and now
for variety’s sake let us be honest and
admit with what pride we, who are
loyal citizens of the greatest country in
the New World (and every Ornitholo-
gist loves to eat), remember that the
magnificent turkey, symbolical of
Christmas and Thanksgiving Day
throughout our land, is exclusively a
North American species. And more,—
the turkey wears feathers!
I started out, however to tell you
something of my experience in dealing
with the wild natures of a brood each
THE OOLOGIST.
of the Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus,
and the Bob White, Colinus virginian-
us.
In a black ash swale a Ruffed Grouse
was flushed from her nest in the dry
leaves, beneath the end of a fallen tree,
and a clutch of nine eggs procured for
our experiment. I secured the servi-
ces of a Black-Red Game Bantam hen,
which had already manifested a strong
desire to hatch a brood, she being in
my mind the nearest approach to the
natural mother obtainable.
Then followed many anxious days of
watching; the eggs being partly incu-
bated I was unable to know just when
to look for the appearance of the young.
During this time all preparations for
the expected brood were completed.
A tight board, movable pen, fourteen
feet square was constructed, open at
the top, and ant hills and other sourees
of insect food located. I had been in-
formed that after the hatching the mo-
ther partridge always led her brood at
once to an ant hill, the inhabitants of
which furnished the first food of the
young birds.
At last the eventful day had come. I
entered the apartment in which the hen
was sitling, to find things in a state of
the utmost confusion. One of the eggs
had hatched, and its former occupant
had at once left the nest, where its less
forward brothers and sisters were yet
striving to free themselves from their
prison shells, and was running round
and round the room peeping loudly at
each step, The hen, uncertain what
course to pursue,maintained a balanced
position upon the nest of eggs. Any
who have had experience with hatching
chickens will readily. understand the
perlious aspect of such a state of af-
fairs. The little fellow was at once re-
moved however to a warm place and
quite soon established in the sitting
apartment. A few hours passed;—I
went cautiously to the nest to see how
things were progressing, and as I rais-
THE OOLOGIST.
ed the hen from the nest, | found not
three, nor four, nor five, but eight moie
little partridges. Every egg had
hatched. So far very well. Now, be-
gins ‘‘my tale of woe.”
From the very first the little ones
seemed afraid of taeir foster mother;
they neither understood her clucks and
cries of alarm nor her attempts at brood-
ing them. All were transferred from
the nest to the pen in the open air and
ants, flies, beetles, Jarve: of various
kinds, angleworms, crumbs. etc., were
putbefore them but they took no notice
of the food although the hen called their
attention to it in her most coaxing
tones, picking up morsels and dropping
them again and again before them, but
not one would even deign to notice her
discomfiture. In fact they never ate,
that Iam aware of and their crops were
found to be entirely empty after death.
The old hen was true to the last and
never did a. mother do more for her
brood but they were apparently as
much afraid of her as of me. Round
and round the pen they walked in sin-
gle file, peeping much like young turk-
eys, thoughnot so strongly, until one
by one they dropped by the way; the
victims of starvation in a land of plen-
ty. I must confess that, though hardly
to be at once reconciled to so summary
a disappointment in the death of the
young birds, I was relieved to know
that the little sufferers were at rest.
The continuous and plaintive peep,
peep, peep, haunts me still. There is
undoubtedly a better way than that in
which I handled these young Paitridges.
That they must be confined, however,
Iam certain or all would at once stray
from the hen and be lost. They seemed
totally incapable of receiving any care
whatever from the hen; they never ate,
they never rested. Although after
studying the ‘‘ways and means” of the
subject thoroughly, I:intended to try
again, I am convinced that some course
very different from any common meth-
od of procedure with wild birds must
361
be found, if suecess be possible, in rear-
ing the young of the Ruffed Grouse,
known more popularly with us as part-
ridge. Could we but rear one brood in
confinement, partial domestication, at.
least may not be impossible.
With the Bob White or Quail
work was far more satisfactory.
L. WHITNEY WATKINS,
Manchester, Mich.
(LO BE CONTINUED.)
my
Protest Against Bird Slaughter.
At the November meeting of the Coop-
er Ornithological Club of California.
held at San Jose, Cal., resolutions were
adopted condemning the practice of
slaughtering many beautiful birds for
millinery purposes. The resolutions
are as follows :
Resolved, That the Cooper Ornitho-
logical Club deplore and condemn the
perverted taste and cruelty of the
fair sex in fostering the slaughter of
thousands of Egrets (for their plumes)
and.countless numbers of other birds,
of song and beauty, for millinery pur-
poses; and that we especially condemn
the shooting of Gulls and Terrs on the
shores of San Francisco Bay, as well as
Snowy Plover and other shore birds a-
long the coast, and the wholesale slaugh-
ter along the Colorado River, the breed-
ing grounds of numerous species, which
are being exterminated by Indians em-
ployed by unscrupulous whites; that we
view with alarm the appalling fact that.
more birds are destroyed annually in
the United States for each large mil-
linery firm than are contained in the
combined coliections of bird students in
this country—the accumulation of gen-
erations. And be it further
Resolved, 'That every means be put.
forth to influence legislation for the
protection of birds, and to discourage
the wearing of birds, resulting in such,
shameful annihilation of the beautiful
creatures of the air, the common, ina--
lienable heritage of all who love Nature.
and her children of hilland valley, wood!
and shore. And be it further
Resolved, That a copy of these resolu-.
tions be sent to the intelligent and gen-
erous press, who may assist in the eli-
mination of this execrable evil. of fash-
ion.
THE OOLOGIST. ;
From Photo by Allen.
A Remarkable Nest-
A nest of the Baltimore Oriole, mentioned in ‘“‘A Study of Nests” on page 302,
October OOLOGIST.
‘‘A string was woven into the nest at one side, and then car-
ried up to a higher twig, thus keeping it from closing as-it would otherwise have
done, so that the parent bird could not get in.”
> —+ <-> —+
Notes from Audubon s Biography.
FrReD W. PARKHURST.
Part VIL.
Mr. Audabon called on Mr. Breed-
love, the Collector of Customs for New
Orleans, and presented to him his let-
ters from the Hon. Levi Woodbury,and
he at once assured Audubon that the
revenue cutter the ‘‘Campbell” would
be at his disposal within a few days,
but the service or other circumstances,
did not allow the arrival of the vessel
at New Orleans untillatein March.Soon
after the commander of the Cambell
called upon them, and they were soon
stowed aboard bis tight little craft.
Proceeding down the Mississippi they
sailed through its southwest pass,
where they were joined by a vessel of
eight tons, asa tender for their excur-
sions along the shores. They reached
the bay of Galveston on the 24th of
April, 1887, and ransacked not only the
island of that name, but all those on
that celebrated inlet of the Mexican
Gulf which they thought worth {the
while. )
The “Campbell” was the first armed
vessel of the American Navy that had
entered the bay, and the fort at Galves-
ton returned the salute fired from the
great gun of the Cutter by twenty-six
fires. This was quite a surprise to Au-
dubon, and he was almost as much as-
tonished when he received a visit from
the Secretary of the Navy of the State
of Texas, with a written invitation to
proceed to the seat of Government,
Houston, which was about eighty miles
distant from their place of anchorage.
The ‘ Campbell” proceeded towards this
place about twenty miles, when, meet-
ing with a bar on which there was not
more than about four feet of water at
full tide, she again came toanchor. At
this place, which is called Red-Fish
THE OOLOGIST.
Bar, on the 9th of May, Edward Harris,
Captain Coste and five sailors took the
gig, while the crusader (the tender)
took the Secretary of the Texan Navy,
M. Fisher, Esq.,a Mr. Ward and Au-
dubon and his son. ‘They crossed a
large but shallow bay with a fair wind,
and sailing rapidly, passed the town of
New Washington, and soon afterwards
several plantations, which formed a
pleasant contrast to the barren salt-
marshes and sandy shores of the gulf.
About noon they entered Buffalo
Bayou. Ducks of various species, Wild
Turkeys, Isbises and many other birds
were seen in great numbers. The two
vesselsglided swiftly over the turbid wat-
ers Bayou until they reached acomforta-
ble honse,where, after a hasty examina-
tion of the surrounding country, they
passed the night.It had commenced rain-
ing inthe night andin the morning it was
falling in torrents, but the Secretary of
the Texan Navy being anxious to reach
the seat of Goverment, they started in
the Campbell’s gig. Houston was reach-
ed early the next afternoon, and the
city was a welcome sight, for they were
all drenched to the skin. Immediately
after their arrival they were presented
40 General Houston, who received them
very kindly. The town was crowded
with drunken Indians, while the beau-
tiful plain, on the margin of which
Houston is situated, was covered with
water ankle deep.
Having seen all that was interesting
in the city, and offered the president as
well as the officers of the staff their best
thanks, Audubon and his party return-
ed to their boat, and soon were flying
swiftly with the strong current down
stream. Several days were spent in
searching the country around, and
among the interesting places visited
was the battlefield of San Jancinto,
where Santa Anna with his Mexican
forces was defeated by the Texans un-
der Gen. Houston.
On their way to Red-Fish-Bar they
363
stopped two days at the hospitable
mansion of Col. James Morgan. by
whom they were received in a most de-
lightful manner. Here among other
rarities, they procured a fine specimen
of the Climbing Rattlesnake, with re-
curved fangs.
On the 18th of May Audubon and his
friends bade adieu to Texas, amid the
salutes of the several armed Texan ves-
sels at Galveston, and were soon sail-
ing along rapidly on the broad waters
of the gulf of Mexico. Six days later
they anchored in the southwest Pass
of the Mississippi. After making a
short stay with Captain Taylor and_ his
wife at the Balize, they were taken in
tow by a steamer, and reached New Or-
leans on the 27th. Here Audubon had
the pleasure of meeting his youngest
brother-in-law, William G. Bakewell, of
Louisville, Ky., with his wife, neither of
whom had he seen for several years.
The commercial revolution which had
taken place during their absence
prompted them to proceed at once east-
ward; and bidding their friends fare-
well, Audubon and his son set out for
Charleston by way of Mobile, whence
they crossed the country with the
United States’ mail bags, whereon, in
lieu of downy beds and pillows, their
weary bones rested in cramped’ posi-
tions at night,while by day they hadam-
ple opportunity of walking over miser-
able roads, through an almost uncultivat-
ed country, and with very indifferent
fare. Onreaching Montgomery, how-
ever, they met with a good coach, and
moved at a more rapid rate towards.
their destination. Mr. Harris had
parted from Audubon at New Orleans,
and gone up the Mississippi to secure
for him a collection of preserved Rep-
tiles and other objects, and after a
much more pleasant journey than be-
fell Audubon and his son, joined them
in Charleston at the house of the Rey.
John Bachman. At Charleston the
friendship which had so long existed
364
between Audubon and Dr. Bachman
was still more firmly cemented by the
marriage of Andubon’s youngest son
with the doctor’s eldest daughter.
In the course of their long journeys
over land, along the shores, and on the
bayous, Audubon and his party did not
discover a single bird not previously
figured by Audubon Whether this
was because there were but very few
more to figure, or their lack of success,
is hard to tell.
Leaving Charleston they reached Nor-
folk after a short and pleasant journey,
and proceeded at once to Washington,
where Audubon presented himself to
the President, Martin VanBuren, to
whom he had letters of introduction
from his good friend Washington Ir-
ving. They then passed _ rapidly
through Baltimore and Philadelphia, it
being Audubon’s wish to reach New
York as soon as possible. There he re-
mained a fortnight while his son and
daughter-in-law visited the Falls of Ni-
agara. After their return the three
went on board the American packet-ship
the‘‘England,” bound for Liverpool,and
arrived there seventeen days later They
made a flying visit to their friends, and
immeditately went on to London,
where, on the 7th of August, Audubon’s
whole family was united once more.
Audubon found the publication of
the ‘‘Birds of America” in a satisfactory
state of progression, but received the
disagreeable news that a number of his
British patrons had discontinued their
subseriptions, and that the most of
those who still received their numbers
as they came ont were desirous of see-
ing the work finished in eighty num-
bers, as was expected. The price of a
single copy of the ‘‘Birds of America”
was one thousand dollars at that time,
although they can be purchased now
for less than a fifth of that sum.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
THE OOLOGIST.
Some Queer Habits of Urinator imber.
By Tyro.
There is at least one small piece of
our country that has not as yet been
carefully explored by the Naturalist.
Within this limited locality is the
northern boundary of the range of
more than one species peculiar to the
country west of the Rockies. I speak
of northern Idaho.
The northern part of the state is not
more than forty-five miles across.
About fifty miles south of the northern
boundary, the state is crossed by the
Pend d’Oreille or C'ark’s Fork of the
Columbian River. The people know it
as the Pond de kay. Tributary to this
is Priest River which flows from Lake
Kaniksu. This lake is north of the
Pend d@ Oreille. Itisa very beautiful
lake, surrounded by mountains. It is
about thirty-five miles long and ten
miles wide. Small tributaries carry
the snow-water from the mountains
to Lake Kaniksu and Priest River.
The landseape of this locality is widely
beautiful; savagely grand.
I attempt this brief description of the
country because its very wildness has
something to do with the habits of the
bird of which I wish to write— Urinator
imber. The bird is in perfect harmony
with the surroundings and the surroun-
ings are congenial to him.
We were camped at Blue Lake, a
small sheet of water, with mountains
on every side; John and Bob were
coming north to join us. They intend-
ed to pursue the festive deer and catch
mountain trout while we were obsery-
ing the life about us and preserving an
occasional specimen.
The gentlemen referred to were fol-
lowing our route by means of certain
signs wnich we left along the trail.
The last note which they dug up near
the roots of a large pine, read, ‘Turn
to the right—follow the blazed trail for
THE OOLOGIST
a mile or so—give the regulation yell
and the fiends in the canyon will an-
swer.” Johnand Bob did their part.
They turned to the right, followed the
trail and gave the regulation yell. But
the answer that came from the canyon
was a ‘‘caution.’’ ‘‘Who-0-0-0-0-0-p!”
“What on earth—did you ever hear
such a racket? It isn’t them it’s—”
‘Yesitis. It’s some new yell they’ve
contrived. Perhaps one of them has
the stomach ache, or—or—’’ ‘‘Gout.
Ki-t-i-ip !— Le-e-e-a-ho!” —‘* Who-0-0-0-0-
0-p! Who-o-0-0-0-0-p! = Vil yi! yi-t-0!”
came from the canyon. ‘Well Vll—
wouldn’t it skin you anyway? Well,
all we can do is to hunt em up.”’ They
hunted them up and were introduced
to Urinator imber. Oh, that I could
have first met him under similar cir-
cumstances!
We lived on a bluff, above the small
lake. The lake was the home of sever-
al Loons. Sometimes there was but
three, often five. The Loons were more
apt to talk to us during the early morn-
ing or in the evening. The first of us
who awoke in the morning would give
a whoop that was always sure to Start a
concert down on the lake. Our camp-
fire was the occasion of much inquisi-
tive talk among them of an evening.
There was little satisfaction to me in
always watching them from the bluff.
I wanted to get nearer—to touch one if
possible.
Down near the water I saw a bed in
the sphagnum where a deer had been
passing a quiet day. A small trail told
me thathe frequently came here to drink.
Early the next morning I took a stand
on the shore ashort distance from the
trail. As soon as objects could be
clearly seen, an old Urinator set up a
yell. There was a strange object on
the brush-covered shore, and he could
not restrain his desire to inspect it. I
say he, but, I willswager my rifle that
“he” was a female. ifiis bugle had
roused his comrades and on they came.
365
They would make a large circle, grace-
fully sailing until their sides were ex-
posed to me. There, seeming to be-
come suddenly frightened, one or two
would dive, while the others would
scud away at a great rate. ‘They would
then reassemble, utter a few cries and
makea circle that would bring them
nearer. The same hasty retreat would
again be made. This circling and re-
treating soon became monotonous and
they adopted bolder tactics. They ap-
proached ina zigzag line. Now, tke
leader would waver, fall back, turn
sidewise or rising up, flap his wings
while another took the lead. Then. af-
ter several softly uttered cries they
would all gracefully sail away, casiing
backward glances as if they were sorry
to leave. Curiosity, however,was their
master, and slowly turning round, they
returned. This time they came in close
order, occasionally uttering a sharp cry
that seemed defiant. [ moved toward
them. There was a plunge and not a
Loon could be seen. They could not
remain under long as they were almost
dying to know what I was. They came
bobbing up in different places, flapped
their wings and took another look at
me. I didnot look half as dangerous
as the stag that drank at the lake the
day before, and he was harmless. But
what was 1? I walked backward a few
paces. Each Loon charged forward at
his best pace, and each one screamed
his loudest. A forward movement on
my part caused a sudden halt on the
part of the birds. They were almost
within throwing distance. The bodies
of three Louns were so close together
that they made one large target. I
slowly raised my rifle—bang! There
was a curl of blue smoke near me and
a small space of agitated water where
the Loons had been. ‘Their curiosity
was gratified, our interview at an end
and I was ready for breakfast.
Our next camp was about forty miles
north of Blue Lake. We had sailed the
366
length of Kaniksu and established our-
selves on the shore of Priest Lake.
We were quietly sitting on the gran-
ite rocks, looking at the sparkling bits
of mica in the shallow water, when
what should come sailing round a point
near by but old lady imber? She was
not alone but had her youngest son fol-
lowing in her wake. She at once rec-
ognized that tents, dogs and men were
strange objects and turned in the direc
tion of the open lake. A little excite-
ment on our part caused Mrs. Loon to
sink in the water until the little Urina-
tor had seated himself on her back,
when she swam directly from us at a
rapid rate. She was beyond shot-gun
range and several repeaters brought in-
torapid action failed to separate her
from her young one, although in her
haste he was thrown from her back and
compelled to swim for himself.
A certain point on Kaniksuslake can
boast of three very distinct echoes.
After these principal echoes, confused
sounds would rattle around amoug the
mountains and finally die out in the
distance. One of our party had a weak-
ness for making hideous noises, danc-
ing scalp-dances and the like. When
Raleigh chose to enjoy himself of an
evening, a certain Loon across the lake
kept up his part of tne concert, presum-
ably as Celighted with the echoes and
reverberations, as we. This bird took
great pleasure in adding to his whoop
an indescribable ‘‘yip” that none of us
coula imitate.
Urinator dreads flying and detests
walking. It is noteasy tor him to rise
from the water, and he strikes it very
roughly. In every case where I saw
one fly to the water near others, they
plunged and came up at various dis-
tances from the visitor. Only once
did I see one attempt to walk. He cut
such a sorry figure that he became
ashamed and waddled to the water.
We frequently experimented with rifle
and shotgun, but the Loon invariably
THE OOLOGIST.
escaped. Once or twice he left a few
feathers for us as a keepsake. View-
ing him with a strong spy glass afforded
us much pleasure.
It was the Loon’s inquis‘tiveness that
appeared most interesting to me. In
the Eastern States I had never seen it
manifested. Perhaps fear has over-
come all inquisitive propensities that
the eastern individuals may have had.
Methods in the Art of Taxidermy.
The public has been impatiently
awaiting the appearance of the new
work on taxidermy, and after several
years of promises, the conclusion was
arrived at, that Mr. Davie’s Taxidermy
(prospective) would never see the pub-
lisher’s hands. So longa period has
elapsed since the first mention of the
proposed work, thatit is not to be won-
dered at that impatient naturalists, tax-
idermists and collectors of skins should
begin to feel uncertain as to the out-
come.
But the author of this wonderful
work, feeling that the publication was
to be the effort of his life, postponed its
completion from time to time in order
to add new notes and illustrations and
make it complete in every detail. At
last Mr. Davie’s Taxidermy has appear-
ed, and the writer of this review can
best run up the merits of the work by
saying that it is perfect in every re-
spect. There is no chance to criticise;
no opportunity to pick flaws, either in
the concise text, covering the art, or
the admirable illustrations presented in
the modern form of engraving. There
is absolutely nothing omitted in the
text. Every possible point is covered,
while hundreds of hints are given, un-
known to the generality of so-called
bird-stuffers; and no one interested in
Nature can read a page without profit.
As boy and man, I have been devoted
to the preparation of objects of natural
THE OOLOGIST.
history for over a quarter of a century,
yet there is scarcely a page in the new
work which does not offer valuable
suggestions to me.
With all due 1egard to the text, still
greater credit is due to the incompara-
ble illustrations. The illustrations so
essential to the beginner, yet so rarely
presented in publications, are complete
in every respect, and it may be said
that a natural artist could mount a
bird, mammal or reptile from these
aids alone, and without reference to the
text. There is not a wasted sentence
in the book, and neither is there a point
lacking in the engravings; from the
first incision in the bird’s breast to the
intricate work of turning the skin over
the head—so difficult to the beginner—
all is made perfectly plain.
The test and illustrations go band in
hand from the skinuing of the smallest
bird, to the complete mounting of the
ostrich and elephant. But in addition
to these,
heads, preservation of fish, reptiles,
crustaceans and a dozen other subjects,
all profusely illustrated. Of course
ample space is devoted to the prepara-
tion of a collection of eggs, and the
subject is handled, as with all others, in
a masterful manner, and thoroughly
covers the ground.
Mr. Davie’s aim is evidently one to
make accurate workers of ail collectors
and taxidermists; and with this idea,
he devotes his pages to practical sug-
gestion; utterly ignoring the esthetic in
the text, but aiming to convince all
through the medium of his illustrations,
that
“A thing of beauty is a joy forever.”
In a partial history of taxidermy, the
author gives evidence of his familiarity
with other works, and throughout his
incomparable compilation, repeatedly
refers in an admirable manner to other
taxidermists of note.
Nothing can be sad in criticisms of
the general text as regards the sense
are chapters on mounting
367
expressed, but there occasionally occurs
a misleading word, or nore rarely, a
sentence. A sharp critic could also
pick flaws with the position of some of
the birds and mammal, but in the main
the illustrations are all tbat could be
desired, and perhaps it is not to the
artist’s discredit in delineating attitudes
which fail to meet my approval.
There appears to be a growing ten-
dency in our country to adopt English
customs; and one, a most lamentable
fad, of issuing publications with uneven
sized and rough edged leaves, is upon
us. The idea is distasteful to all who
are not Anglomaniacs, even when the
custom is followed in story editions,
but to hamper readers with this ridicu-
fous custom, and that, too, in a book of
reference, is far irom meeting with the
approval of the sensible class of stu-
dents.
The price of the work when adver-
tised was a surprise to me, and it was
felt that there could never bea demand
for it, but on examination of the publi-
tion my only surprise is in the fact that
Mr. Davie’s ‘““Methods in the Art of
Taxidermy” can be sold at its present
figure.
The work is admirable. It is incom-
parable. It willinstruct the youngest
as well as the oldest; the professional,
and amateur as well as the beginner
who is totally dependent on book in-
struction. Enough cannot he said in
favor of this remarkable publication,.
which wil) hardly be approached, sure-
ly never excelled within the age of liv-
ing man.
Morris Gipss, M. D.,
Kalamazoo, Mich.
The Barbarism of Fashion.
It is with profound regret that all
true Ornithologists and“lovers of the
beautiful feathered denizens of our
fields and forests, learn from the recent
368
fashion papers that the wholesale
destruction of birds for millinery pur-
poses has again been resumed.
For the past few years, through the
efforts of the Audubon society and
others, the wearing of birds for perso-
nal adornment (?) had practically ceas-
ed, but now this dreaded fashion is
again being brought into vogue by a
num ber of leading milliners.
The accumulation of bird skins has
been going on for a couple of years or
more by dealers of forethought, who
have been waiting patiently the time
when they would again reap a _ harvest
from their store of skins.
Early last summer [1893] a taxider-
mist from Poughkeepsie, N. Y. told me
that a milliner from New York city had
called upon him a few weeks before,
wishing to make arrangements with
him to collect that summer, jive hund-
red dozen birds of bright plumage; and
what was equally astonishing this milli-
ner was intioduced to the taxidermist
by one of the leading professors of Vas-
sar College.
The October Awk in speaking of the
destruction of birds for this ‘‘absurd
eraze for hat decoration composed of
DIGGS INS CSA Sac ern e eeu NU Sica,
no less respectable fashion journal than
‘Harpers Bazar in its issue of Aug. 18th
last, in an article devoted to ‘New Hats
and Bonnets,’ gives the following delec-
table information to its readers, with-
out a word of protest or lament, under
the subheading ‘Birds and Wings.’
‘ * * * Blackbirds prevail, and are
poised in pairs, with beaks meeting
lovingly, their wings and tails pointing
straight to give the shape of a large
bow. and often resting on a still larger
bow of liberty satin ribbon of many
loops. This happy arrangement is on
the front of small bonnets, while large
hats have a second pair [of birds] across
the back, resting on loops or chaux of
ribbon below the upturned brim. Sin-
gle birds perch on the front edge of
THE OOLOGIST.
the brim of round hats, or nest in the
large ruche that surrounds the erown—
the nesting or brooding bird is not con-
sidered so effective as the newly lighted
bird with wings still in the air. The
dear little blackbirds have been touch-
ed with color by French milliners, who
hesitate at nothing. They are given
throat and breast of flint blue, auber-
gine, or emerald green, and their raven
wings are also covered on one side
with these colors.
Small bluebirds and others of pale
yellow or pink are giore with jet along
their slender wings and painted beaks.
Large chaux made of feathers or stiif
quills pouwrde with jet are effective
trimming’s.”
It is indeed deeply to be lamented
that the cruel fad had again been taken
up— or rather forced upon the bonnet
wearing sex. Every one who cares for
the birds and knows the consequences
that would follow their extermination,
should feel it their duty to put forth
every effort to abate and discourage
this barbarous fashion.
WILLIAM S. JOHNSON,
Boonville, N. Y.
—>+ <> <-- =
Seven Birds from Six Eggs.
Win. Hencke has a canary that takes
the lead. She hatched seven birds
from six eggs. This seems like one of
William’s hunting stories, but it’s a fact.
One of the six eggs was double yolked.
The two hatched from this egg are
quite a little smaller than the rest but
are strong and healthy and will doubt-
less survive. They are now two weeks
old. Six eggs area large complement
for a canary but to hatch seven birds
from them takes the lead. The next
nest Mr. Hencke expects two from each
ege.
[The above we clip from the New
London (Wis.) Press, and as to its reli-
ability we need only add that the Press
is edited and published by Chas. IF.
Carr.—Ed.]
THE OOLOGIST.
THE OOLOGIST.
A Monthly Magazine Devoted to
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY.
FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher
ALBION, N. Y.
Correspondence and items of interest to the
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited
from all.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Single Subscription - - 50C per annum
Sample Copies - = - - - 5c each
The above rates include payment of postage by us.
Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good
for an Exchange Notice and the other ior 25c.
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over.
Subscriptions can begin with any number.
Back numbers of the OoLogisr can be furnish
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip-
tions and prices.
=" Remember that the publisher must be no-
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa-
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid.
ADVERTISING RATES.
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION.
Twelve lines in every inch.
SPECIAL RatTEs, for advertisements continued
Three months or more. per line..............--15€
Six months or more, per line........... 1236¢
Twelve months or more, per line.............- 10¢
ALTERNATIVE RATES.
Cash must accompany all orders.
Remittances should be made by Dratt, Express
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or
Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un-
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Dratts
payable and address all subscriptions and com-
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN,
Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y.
*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries
for publication should be forwarded as early in
the month as possible.
ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLAS
An exhaustive index of the OoLoGIsT
for 94 will be printed in next months
issue.
We presume that all of our odlogical,
ornithological, and taxidermal friends
keep the:r instruments thoroughly Gun-
oleumed when not in.use. If not, why
not?
Hundreds of subscriptions to OdLoG-
Ist expire with this issue, about Dec.
369
25th would be a most appropriate date
to remember its Publisher not only with
a renewalbut with the new subscription.
of some interested friend.
Chas. K. Reea writes us that he is
having the best seasons work he ever
ex-serienced—Four or five Deer heads,
a Moose head or two and orders for half
a dozen of those famous Bird Pieces
under his patent Oval Convex Glass.
Shades, in addition to regular work, is
only a fair example ofan ordinary days.
business.
During the past few months the Pub-
lisher of the OdLoGisT has been the re-
cipient of many ftattering notices from
the press of this country—of recent date
the ‘-Farmer’s Monthy,” and ‘‘The Nid-
iologist” have dilated on the subject and
even the new ‘‘Museum” tenderly re-
fersto him as ‘‘the old concern.” Thank
you brethren.
Once more we are culled upon to er-
ase the name of a bright and enthusias-
tie young naturalist from the subscrip-
tion books of the OdLoGist—On Aug. 13
Leon Wasson aied of typhoid fever at
the home of his father, Waveland,
Ind.
What was your rarest,or most interest-
ing take of’94? Also, have you any wrink-
le or contrivance, not generally known,
that might be of value to some fellow-
collector? Your account or description
must be written briefly (must not exceed
100 words) on a postal and mailed the
Editor of the O6LoGIST, on or before
Jan. 15th. A Standard Catalogue will
be mailed each writer and the three of
greatest value will receive $1.00 each,
cash.
We have critically examined ‘‘collee-
tions’’ of all kinds, sizes and prices but.
can honestly say that for the money
we have never seen anything in the line
370
that would compare with the ‘‘Wash-
ington School Collections” putup at
“The Microcosm.” The collections
are so arranged that anyone of ordinary
intelligence can readily understand
them and in our estimation it would be
a difficult matter to obtain a more ap-
propriate Christmas present for a Nat-
ure loving friend.
Who ean tell what living odlogist has
collected sets of eggs of the greatest
number of species of North American
birds? To this query we might also
add— what living ornithologist has
shot and prepared the greatest number
of species of North American birds?
Mr. K. B. Mathes, whose announce-
ment appears on other pages, has been
with ‘‘Lattin” for the past five years,
has been with or for him at many
of the leading Fairs throughout the
United States, was in charge of one of
his Chautauqua stores in ‘91 and again
in 94—was at the World’s Fair in 793
and had charge of most of L’s exhibits
during the fall of 794.
Mr. M. has a large personal acquaint-
ance among the readers of the O6LOGIST
who will, withits Publisher, wish him
unbounded success. This success it is
safe to predict as he isan all around
American hustler and is throughly post-
ed inthe business he has adopted, in
all its details.
A Sportsmen’s Exposition will beheld
at Madison Square Garden, New York,
May 18th to 18th.
The following classification of the ex-
hibits will characterize the nature of
the Exposition. Collective exhibits al-
lowed.
Class A—Firearms of every descrip-
tion, ancient and modern.
B—Ammunition.
C—Sporting Sundries and Applian-
ces.
D—Fishing Tackle.
THE OOLOGIST.
E—Boats, Canoes, ete.
F—Camping Outfits and Utensils.
G—Athletie Goods (lawn-tennis, field
games, etc.)
H—Zoology, Taxidermy and Taxi-
dermist’s Supplies.
I—Kennel Supplies. -
K—Cameras and
Supplies.
L—Saddles Bridles and Horse ‘Equip-
ments.
M—Sportsmen’s Art and Literature.
N—Trophies of the Chase.
O—Loan Exhibits.
Full particulars can be obtained from
the secretary, Frederic S. Webster, 106
Kast 28d St., New York.
Photographist’s
Ameriean Ornithogists’ Union.
The annual congress of the Amerian
Ornithologists’ Union was held Nov. 13-
15, at the Museum of Natural History,
New York City. Papers were read by
Frank M. Chapman on ‘‘Habits of Cer-
tain Tropical Birds;’’ Mrs. Abby F. C.
Bates, on ‘“‘A Swallow’s Roost at Water-
ville, Me.,” and others. The shot-gun
once used by Audubon was on exhibit-
ion. Officers elected: President— Dr.
Elliott Coues, Washington, D. C.; First
vice president—William Brewster, Cam-
bridge, Mass.; Second vice-president—
C. Hart Merriam, Washington. D. C.;
Seeretary—John H. Sage, Portland,
Conn.
— a oe
You Are a Judge.
Your decision must be mailed us not
later than the jirst day of January.
Write on back of a postal card the five
articles which yow have decided to be
the most valuable, instructive and inter-
esting in this number of O6LOGIsST and
mail tous. Number the articles in the
order which you think the prizes should
be awarded.
We give our Judges five prizes havy-
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one
to each of the five whose decisions are
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes.
THE OOLOGIST. a71
On November 30th, 2:15 a. m.. (the night after
Thanksgiving) the Hditcr of the OOLOGIST
bagged an unusually well developed specimen
ot Nycteguus. AS this is an unusually rare vis-
itant in his immediate locality, in was deemed
of sufficient interest to Kodak in its various
phases for the delectation of the readers of the
OOLOGIST.
NOVEMBER CONTEST.
Fifty-one Judges.
1. TheStudy of Bird Life, 237.
2. Leach’s Petrel, 170
3. Nesting Habits of the Chestnut-
sided Warbler, 1388.
4. Collecting, viz; Odlogical, 111.
5. Notes from Audubon’s Biography,
97.
The Judges prizes were awarded as
follows:
1. No. 18—Harold M. Holland, Gal-
esburg, Il.
2. No. 27,—Fred W. Knolhoff, East
Orange. N. J.
3. No. 35.
ington, N.C.
4. No. 46—L. G. Woodruff, New
York City.
5. No. 50—James Howe Slater, Web-
ster, Mass.
Judges No’s 18, 27 and 85 named the
wituning articles in their exact order
and No’s 46 and 50 placed them 1, 2, 3,
5.4. All prizes were mailed Dec. 14th.
ORNITHOLOGY and OOLOGYy.—I want to ob-
taina quantity of back numbers of various
publications relating to BIRDS and will allow
prices as follows for the same. Will accept
uny number of copies not to exceed 10 of the
same issue. All must be complete and clean.
“Bulletin of the Mettall Ornithological Club”
and The Auk” 30 cts. per copy. ‘The OOLOo-
GIST” (published at Utica, N. Y. and Rockville,
Conn., 1875-81); the *‘Ornithologist and Oolog-
ist;” and **fhe Nidiologist;” ‘Random Notes
on Natural History” Proyv.. R. I. 5¢ per copy.
“Wisconsin Naturalist: *‘The Taxidermist;”
“The Ornithologist and Botanist,’? Bingham-
ton, N. Y. and any other periodical of not less
than 8 pages, either amateur or professional,
devoted to birds published prior to 1894, I will
allow 3 cts. percopy. I will allow the above
amounts in payment for. specimens, instrum-
ents, supplies or publications or if you prefer
will send credit check for the amount. All
publications must be seat prepaid (you can
mail them as ‘second Class mail matter’ @ 4¢
per lb.). “‘Returns”’ will be sent prepaid unless
otherwise specified in catwlogue. I can also
use the following second-hand books on same
conditions at prices quoted prepaid. Must be
in A No. 1 condition. Coues’ ‘“‘Key to N. A.
Birds” $4.50; Ridgeway’s *‘Manual of N. A.
Birds” $3.75; Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Eggs of N. A.
Birds, 3d or 4th; editions, cloth, 85 cts, paper
65 cts; other standard publication will be accep-
ted at one-half publishers prices. This notice
will remain in force until Jan. 15, 1895. After
that date write what you have to offer before
sending. FRANK H. LATTIN. Albion, N. Y.
EGGS.
From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In-
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named
at moderate prices, also European and exotic
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE,
Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany
H. Gonld Welborn, Lex-
Send stamp == S)
for Price List. Gun Works, Pittsburgh, Ps u
, TENTS,and ~
SEI N ES; NEMS ENDS: ands
“Every description of Guns, R3volvers, Ammu-
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric-
es. We have somethivg of interest to you.
THE NAUTILUS.
A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con-
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pil+-
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W.
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia
Pa’ Send for sample copy.
edian Relics, Minerals, Curiosities.
Large Catalogue Free.
Rbode Island and Connecticut Relies a specialty.
Some special goods at special prices for stamp.
W.PERRY ARNOLD,
‘oyr. STONINGTON, CONN.
H.W. &C. S. BRIMLE
COLLECTORS, RALEIGH, sf Cc.
First-class Bird and MammalSkins and Eggs,
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in ai-
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists.
FRANK B. ARMSTRONG,
--- TAXIDERMIST,
AND COLLECTOR AND. DEALER IN
Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Bogs
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds
and Animals.
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A.
EDWARD W. CURRIER,
1420 Sutter St., Room 17,
San Francisco, Cal.
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid-
ermist supplies, ete. Skins and eggs of Cali-
fornia Birds, also Cal. curiosities. Correspon-
dence solicited.
STONE
INDIAN RELICS!
On approval by mail. Give reference. A few
cents expense to see a variety from Many States
I pay postage one way on arrow and spear
points. LARGEST Srock, LARGEST VARIETY
AND FINEST IN THE West. Buckskin Relics.
-Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates,
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp.
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES-
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D.
TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons
Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also
ites tt SPECIMEN HUNTERS.
tridges for
All kinds, all prices from $ .)) to $2%.00. List
free. Write for Taxidermists free list.
JAMES H. JOHNSTON,
PITTSBURG, PA.
THE OOLOGISY.
What Moves It
One of Nature’s Wonders.
THE JUMPING S&ED 0? LIVING BEAN!
Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always
Dancing.
The wonder of the Scientific Woild. Interest-
ing to old and young.
The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known!
A full deseription and explanation of this
phenomenon accompanies each box.
Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid.
E. VAN WINKLE,
Vans Harbor, Mich.
SRND FOR IT
ef OMPOUND OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and
Results.” —is the title of a hook of 200
pages.published-hy Drs. Starkey & Palen, which
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this
remarkable curative agent, and arecord of sur-
prising cures in a wide range of chronic caSes—
many of them after being abandoned to die by
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any
address on applicatton.
DRS. STARKEY & PALEN,
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter.St., S. Fran'co,Cal.
Please mention the OOLOGIST.
i =
AN IDEAL FAMILY MEDICINES
For Indigestion, Biliousness, : ae
Headache, Constipation, Bad ya ‘
Complexion, Offensive Breath,
and all disorders of the Stomach,
Liver and Bowels,
'A:N* S: TABULES
et Pantne yet promptly. Perfect
digestion follows their use. Sold
by druggists or sent by mail.
Price 50 cents a box. Address
=RIPANS CUEMIOAL Co., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.=
wit Mittin Mit i nnn nt Nn
PRINTIN 6s Of all kinds for Naturalists -a
i WW speciality. Note and letter
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata-
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun-
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-
mens. Write for estimates. 10!)) envelopes print-
ed, 45c. noteheads same price. postpaid. C. F,
CARR. Job Printer. New London. Wis. tf
Try what 10 Cents sent
W onderty H. Harte, Jeweler,
Rechester, WN. Y¥., will bring.
itt = tt TL
We secure Untved Stale> and Horeign Patents,
Tegister T'rade-Marks, Copyrights and Jabels,
and attend to all patent business for moderate
fees. Wereporton patentability free of charge.
For iaformation and free haid-book write to
H. B. WILLSON & GO., Attorneys at Law,
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON, D.C.
When answering advertisements
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.’’
. THE OOLOGIST Bais
Hi
O74 THE OOLOGIST ‘
YOUNG NATURALISTS!
the money.
“Young Idea’ Mineral Cabinet.
SSS== = = = Se
SS = — = Se
“Tre “Young [dea" GbineT of Minerals.7
Lil | EW ‘
zi EE a
CALC SPAR|TLOSAIre | Fee Si He
Tp es Sean eave
ici
y SS Ze
Pen
SeRrEN TINE CALAMINE AsBts ros.
Sheek Pace ASFAminiee Cow Jy aT hers aMe
A
wk fi
+S.
i 2
LLL.
mee
Contains 15 varieties of rare minerals. as fol-
lows: Coquina, Calc Spar, Fluorite, Feldspar,
Silver Ore, Serpentine, Calamine,Syenite,Tour-
Maline, Milky Quartz, Drusy Quartz, Hematite,
Marcasite, Galena and Zinc Ore, all labelled and
secured in a neat tray, like cut, postpaid for 25c.
Nearly 1,000 sold in the past three years.
Make a start in the right direction by purchas-
ing Bartlett’s Cabinet. Well worth double
Neat, novel and instructive to study.
“Eclipse’’ Curiosity Cabinet.
foran
Xmas
ue
Saty biese
Contains Chinese Poker Chip, Chinese Napkin,
Chine-e Lottery Ticket, Star-fish, Giant Tree
Bark Cal.. Red Sea Bean. Alligator Tooth. 3
Yellow Wax Shells, Marine Ales, Gypsum
Crystals, Bloody Tooth Shell, Chinese Cash
Coin. Flexible Coral, 3 Boal Shells. Egg of Peri-
winkle, Drab Sea Bean, Sunflower Coral, 3
Money Cowry Shells and Fossil Crinoid. All
labeled name and locality and in partitioned
box like cut. Sent postpaid for 25cts.
Reliable Coin and Stamp Guide, 50 pages, givingoprices paid for all U.S. and Foreign Coins and
Stamps, 15c. Funny Chinese Chop Sticks.
claimed they eat soup with them.
oy years old, 4 for 10c.
OZ.
The knife, fork and spoon of the Chinamen.
Ebony wood, a foot long.
Perfect Indian Arrow Heads, with locality, 4 for 25c, 6 for 35c, 65¢ per
It is
10ca pair. Chinese Cash Coins,
All postpaid. No, Ino longer issue a catalogue. :
R.E. BARTLETT, 99 STATE ST., ROCKFORD, ILLS.
“The Sunny South”
Natural Science Establishment
KIRKE B. MATHES, Proprietor,
iN. Si. GEORGE Si. Sh: AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA
My Specialty—High-class Art Goods for Interior Decortion, which
includes Paintings, Water-colors, Bird Pictures, Fur Rugs, and Mantel
Ornaments in great variety. I make a Specialty of Mounted Birds
and Fish under the famous Convex Glass Shades.
I also carry a full line of Natural History Specimens and Curiosi-
ties, Artificial Glass Eyes, Bird Skins, Bird Eggs, Indian Relics, Min-
erals, Fossils, Corals, Cabinet and Showy Shells, Instruments, Sup-
phes and Publications for the Naturalist.
I make a specialty of everything in the Novelty, Souvenir and Jew-
elry line that can be manufactured from Minerals, Spar, Shells, Teeth,
etc., suitable for the Florida Souvenir trade.
If.you wish to obtain anything Floridian in my line, either in large
or small quantities. [ invite special correspondence—for if obtaina-
ble, I think I can supply your wants at prices that will defy competi-
tion.
THE OOLOGIST. 375
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S
. NER
LLECTIONS. :
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO-
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur-
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps.
RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS.
Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing :Grand
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, !Mt. ¢ Vesuvius,
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ete., Etc. Also model of the whole Unit-
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture.aQ Many of
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready.
LANTERN SLIDES.
gee of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography,
bes
MEOTERITES.
A good price paid for met -orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones ‘es-
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire “‘find” or ‘‘fall.” ; Meteorites
also cut, polished and etched.
WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS.
Minerals, Rocks and Invcrtebrate Animals.
These collections, decided upon-after numerous conferences with teachers and
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. 8. National Museum.
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will? be :known as
the Washington School Collections. SN Sa Se a mE
Seat) mre
It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever jbefore been
offered: in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular.
WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION.
A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build-
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00.
EDWIN E. HOWELL,
61217th St., N. W., Washington, D.C.
376 THE OOLOGIST.
A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant. -
FOR GUNS- REVOLVERS-RIFLES
STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL.
3 Initators claim something ‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of
Guuoleaenk
Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”.
(Because it affords them a better profit.)
BE HONEST, AND REFUSE IT.
A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish.
FOR
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL,
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, anD DENTAL
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, STEEL, INSTRUM’ TS.
Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly
for anyone who wishes it.
SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 lb.can
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 lb. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00.
Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.”
MANUFACTURED BY
THE CHARLES WILLY MFG, COQ.,
- BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A.
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