SO Bt ee Oe TE” Ne, eee Wy Sag
‘ ~S 6 oe ao ; oR
| ’ " \ : “Es . re ali <- :

= ar ‘a ar
Wye yan tt tye Use
re 40) a He ps ES sa

ae SHAW! Ro

~~ ye

HP oy 4, 4 tae ner? aan ‘4S Nise =
att? | mscapety cone “> | I P 1 f. * le 1 | User ‘ : ‘
| ot pei | | MT }% Veovaxetynierrces eRe yew wt AA aps! ON wif wedi
wet STE vo naman ta MET ETT Pe NTT LE
es diovallt tne al a Sotytts eh. pAb | <<: Yr Align!
& | )

at of tv E Ny d é ty es
¥ s Tid LT mT Ree - . we a. | baad PEL} il ay we
ght ica iye cs Patel a Lh tee Ley AU MARE
yet Shh eet | L | a |) Wh. Y 7 ohondl a ea ’ @ sure li A rye Th | | } “fe he < ry tig ;

* i a
Tull ee tee ay ee ra 4

| 1 Viny Wry Th ite if i |
Lr oe Lae , te aay). OUPE yeu Se . . qT rip pe
yur ive eats thle a) ee cg ™_ eavey ages titennl” yt
¥ = wa * ma ey * ;
qa date 1 | Aedes vers: wvrul earner Tt Pou

yw be
VIVUP TES EEE eee aD ; ae ww" wae oeuiniey ft |

qth . ee@e tht THR a4 Ber STP _ it a> yyti g@gew7e £f" |. 9 F >
TNe tinea, all rr I CC I lll

' y ave Fete ay
- . le ate ae _.. Le A
bale ee ee mine <a, Sut eben
~ jueet” - A : | a ee “Aj alos he pte ,
o

i 4
¥Vv VWeoyiellagy "7 pees bate |

fiitity e- - eu +ever A
uly OST each
i- Cre aee. De

“ if
wet oon SPU NAG Ay, ]
yA Ve ena ons

‘
Wikanhe VE VW pean eOSh See Vp hprg .
av’ ’ .8- -@p° WA sed
“Say Pe sorre® wt hd be eee
ar) dk Ae ee rye
oddly Woecti ir Maven renee net
* # & of, ~\e iY x “we
. WONG Lo we .

?,

-
J

aon : =o. 5%

? ne . A j ~ , -~«
ww eractews © aT CUas
Nandi! 7 i ae hie

eAarea_

hho t - “A

seaieanarenere Arigt EO ow,

”
rian. ott bAAa. yi Ad. cf

A an . e0% " i

Laer bit “ dd. Shy

Wergatm~ sey:

‘vy a! ‘J pat

~Aterrret”

tae

Me ed Sy ee |

j ‘
a
i
a
'
7 ey
i: 7
3 ‘
rath
uh
=
As
\
.
7
hens
i ‘
t
f
7
s i 4
re, a}
n
|
j
i i
4
!
KS
.o
i
rh)
|

ann
aki
's t
id )
o*, t
-s
, f ;
F
aly
,

—

:
¢

THE OOLOGIST

STUDENT OF BIRDS

THEIR NESTS AND EGGS

VOLUME XXXVI oe
sa ;

a

’ “hs ilar Insti) iF,
\ 25 HAST Sy
NN Kv lian "bus Y

ms et Se
ig aes a ae

ALBION, N. Y. AND 7 LACON, ILL.
R. MAGOON BARNES, Publisher

Pots

ILLUSTRATIONS

Birds
ere OC AC RHINE eS. oe oes ee Be 174
Blue and Lesser Snow....... 149, 208
Bewi SWalhsOn... o.oo... ck eas Live
PUI eee ee Ie oa ek a ad oe 3
Owl, American Hawk....... 59; 60, 63
S21 id bis My ce] 0 ee rr 22k
UM POOE- WHT Soo res be ba wes teas 215
Eggs and Nest of Birds
Se) a
GOOSe, BMG. oe ds. dad, £35, 139
SUMMONSES eh oi tans ood cick eV ave ws aon 176
MS SOT STON Wins wic.sis o's Be « whe Gow wince’ sre 207
POMS, OPTUCE. «sc wkd. cleiees 118, 119
ieee LOO ENCE. 2. 2 ia ef eciec age OD
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated..... 47
12 Os E eg By ae See ee 219
I ee ne ow atw asare fidiaba\e ee 99, 104

Robin and Dove: sos. soiree 100
Sparrow, Bachman’s.....05..40:.. 223
Wallet” Westerives .i2. oy 005 3 oe 46

Miscellaneous

Drawer GE v RPOtns. boc cs ce eee 47

Maki?’ 0@ .DUCKSKiL 3 50:52 5:2. .< 170
Nesting Cliff Peregrine.......... 173
Nepiime.. Tad ¥..-s:0'. sca0's com ate peures oe 22
NINE, Fo ae 4,73. TIA
Rock -Slide in’ Be Cag 4.0 ons cee 153
Sunset of Lake Okanagan........ 198
Smilin 2 BPAb nk ac ali 152
Perrace Nottie. o.oo cae 3: £97
oPrtraits
lag MGR Woo on 628i te tase oe 96
PUT WONY, Lia Role. Sid w bok he ae A ae 108
aL S/es Sle oe ce Oe ae ee al eee oy

CONTRIBUTORS

Alexander, E. Jordon,
183, Birds Observed at Lexington,
Mo.
Atkinson, C. W.
82, Unspotted Eggs of the Red-
throated Hawk.
Bailey, H. H.
2, How I Lost That Set of Four Bald
Eagles.
Baker, W. H. H.
117, Black Snake.
Bales, B. R.

154, The New Catalog; 168, The New
Egg Price List; 216 Among the
Birds of the Virginia Coast.

Barlow, G. R.
222, Eastern Connecticut Notes.
Barnes, R. M.

8, The Future; 10, Robert D. Hoyt;
11, That aMres Nest; 11, A Rare
Capture, A Swan; 19, Permits; 27,
Where It Will End; 33, Congratu-
lation P. M.; 34, The. New Cata-
log; 37, Spring; 50, Newspaper
Ornithology; 68, 339a-5-1919; 87,

Review, Journal of Museum of
Oology; 96, In Memoriam, M. W.
Blain; 122, Turkey Vulture Eggs;
126, In Memoriam, D. I. Shephard-
son; 126, Review, Oologist Ex-
change and Mart; 130 First Nest
of the Blue Goose in Captivity;
134, Mrs. Delos Hatch; 154, The
New Catalog; 165, Review of the
Life of Spencer F. Baird; Review
of Cassinia; Review of California
Fish and Game; 168, First Record
of the Cackling Goose eNsting in
Confinement; 168, The New Egg
Price List; 177, Review of Life
History of North America Diving
Birds.
Bowels, J. H.

45, Notes on Certain Birds of Prey;
82, Food of the Marsh Hawk; 168,
Albino Eggs of the Long Tailed

Chat.

Brannon, Peter
203, Sereech Owls.
Burleigh, Thos. J.

4 : T-AOE~ OO 150 Gal-s FT

161, Oology Under Difficulties.
Burnham, Stewart

136, My Chickadee Guests.
Burtch, Verti

93, To the Smithsonian Institute; 93,

Food of the Marsh Hawk.

Burton, Walter

36, To Take Inaccessible Nests.
Carry, “E.- MM.

117 Sparrow Hawk.
- Danforth, S. T.

69, 1918 New Hampshire Notes.
Dickey, S. S..

6, Sandpipers; 18, Unusual Nesting
Site of the Rough Winged Swal-
low; 33, A Mountain Mome of the
Parula Warbler; 43, In the Haunts
of the Duck Hawk; 45, Days with
the Ruby-Throated Hummer; 67,
Early Nesting of Some Common
Birds; 101, English Sparrow Nest-
ing with a Hawk.

Daniles, J. W. Jr.

140, Oological and Ornithological
Camp Fire; 169, An Island Idyll;
185, In the Great Dismal Swamp
of Virginia.

Donahue, R. J.

94, Some British Birds; 102, Jotti-
ngs of 1919; 200, Notes from Ks;
201, An Autumn Jaunt; 201, Con-
cerning Chimney Swifts.

Evans, L. I.
14, “Bill,” a Swainson Hawk.
Farquhar, Arthur

85, Late Departure of the Bank Swal-
low; 101, Late Departure of the
Barn Swallow.

Ford, F. E.

54, Blue Grosbeak in eGorgia.
Gainer, A. F.

202, A Snake Story.
Goelitz, W. A.

101 Dove Mimicking Cowbird.
' Griffee, Bill

148, From Kansas.
Graham, Ramon

8, Indian Arrow Heads; 31, Birds
and Animal Life in Texas; 69, Fall
Migration; 88, Ducks Are Scarce
This Year; 89, Notes from Camp
Graham; 90, Egg Hunters in
France; 97, Bird Notes from Lake
Worth, Texas; 127, Plumbeous
Chickadee; 133, My First Find of
the Blue Grosbeak; 148, Hawks
and Oppossums; 187, Warren Co.,
Texas, Breeding Birds; 188, Two
Notes on Vireos; 188, Boat-tailed
Grackle and Mourning in the
Same Nest; 196, Birds Observed
from a Train in Texts; 202, The

Curiosity of Wood Ducks; 203,
Texas Bird Notes; 206, Humming
Bird Joke.
Greenwood, O. M.
123, Iowa Notes.
Greer, T. R.t
157, Song of the Mocking Bird.
Hoffman, M. J.
Albino, Bob-white; 160, Eggs of the
Long-tailed Chat.
Hasenyager, C. B.
32, Owls and Robins in Kansas.
Hatch, Delos
8, Someone Should the Boy.
Henderson, A. D.
59, Nesting of the American Hae
Owl.
Howes, P. G.
12, Birds and Wasps;
the Bob White.

163, Notes on

Healey, L. E.
20, 38, 56, 74, 92, Around Red Lake
by Launch; 54, Ruby Crowned

Kinglet; 150, Fifty Miles by Canoe.
Henderson, J.
67, The Arkansas Kingbird.
Howsley, L. R.
79, Oregon Birds.
Jackson, T. H.
6, J. J. Ryman; 10, Robert D. Hoyt.
Johnson, H. H.
29, Winter Birds from the North; 29,
The Downey Woodpecker; 538, The
Bartramian Sandpiper; 80, The
Evening Grosbeak; 159, After
Twenty-five Years; 178, The
American Bittern; 194, The Ruffed
Grouse.
Leudon, C. R. M.
53, A Soldiers Birds.
Lunsford, I. I.
117 Coopers Hawk.
Mann, J. R.
226, Rare Cowbirds Eggs.
Martin, LeLoach
68, The Yellow Billed Cuckoo; 44,
Broad Winged Hawk.
Miller, L.
181, The Ruffed Grouse.
Miller, L. D.
72, Bronze Grackle Nest.
Miller, R. F.
72, Set of Six Phoebe Eggs; 82,
Nidification of the Yellow Billed.
Moffat, E. E.
36, Summer Tanager Nests.
Munro, J. N.
103, 110, Collecting in British Co-
lumbia; 134, Okanagan Landing,
B. C., Goldfinches.

THE OOLOGIST 5

Neff, J.
120, A Days Outing in South West
Mo.
Overington, R. B.
2, The Kaiwa; 148, From Egypt.
Over, W. H.

136, Doves Using An Old Robin’s

Nest.
Peabody, P. B.

25, Amenities of Nomenclature; 90,
Millimeters Races; 102, Disease
and ird Life.

Perry, Elton
82, Concerning the lack Throated
Bunting.
Plank, Wm.
18, Cowbird Information.
Purdy, J. B.
126, Adolph B. Covert

Reeves, G. G.

84, The Ruby Throated Humming
bird; 84, Nesting Birdss.

Reincke, Ottomar

73, The Emu.

Rice, Helen
72, Spring Migration;
Seen at Oberlin, Ohio.
Sells, R. A.
97, Black Bird in Texas.
Sharp, C. S.
39, Dick Ha'wk Notes.
Shufeldt, R. W.

85, An Interesting Ornithological

Enterprise.
Skinner, K. L.
5, The Eggs of the Finch ae
85, The I. O. U.
Sti: HH.
191, Observations
Mts., Ariz.
Stone, W. Litmer
11, That aMres Nest.
Stoner, E. A.

80, Cow Bird Study in Iowa; 32,

Early Blue Jays Nest.
Strode, W. S.

124, Birds

in Santa Rita

122, An Illinois Turkey Vulture.
Silloway, P. M.
13, Some Nesting Birdss of the Pali-

sades Park; No. 1; 145, No. 2;
2a INOS S.
Strong, W. A.

51, Large Sets; 69, Whole Flock of
Birds Register at Palace Hotel;
87, Game Decreasing in Alaska;
89, Bird Tongues; 90, Western
Red-tailed Hawks’ Eggs; 128,

Power of the Bald Eagle; 190,

Curious Eggs; 182, Audubon’s
Travells: 9206; Cats; 206, «Bird
Day; 210, Bird Houses; 224, Birds

Used as Lamps; 224, Habits of
the Red Tailed Hawk; 225, Chas-

ing Birds in Aeroplanes; 225,
Audubon’s Loss.
Temple, A.
66, Evening Grosbeak; 143, An Out-
ing.

Thompson, J. W.
108, An Unusual Raven’s Nest.
Tuts, RW:

143, Nesting of the Canada Spruce
Grouse.

Vandercook, C. B. Z

79, A Rare Sight, Vultures;
Bags Trumpeter Swan.

Vos Burgh, G. W.

33, Wiscinsin Notes, 1918; 50, Odds
and Ends; 122, Wisconsin Bird
Notes; 158, Reville; 189, Nesting
of the Black Billed Cuckoo; 216,

133,

The 2% Failures; 222, An Ad-
ditional List; 226, Nesting Sites.
Wilmot, N. E. :

67, Red-headed Woodpecker, Nesting
in West Haven, Conn.
Wheeler, H. E.
220, Bachman’s Sparrow in Arkan-
sas. .
Wheeler, M.
67, Game Law Making Good.
Wheeler, N. B.
65, Western N. Y. Nesting Dates.

Birds

Albatross, Wandering............. 25
Bittern, American.... 23, 65, 122, 125,
158, 159, 160
WEASTG ements eck 65, 125, 155, 216
Bobolink .... 51, 52, 66, 125, 180, 190
Bob White..... 315° 32, 50, bbs 16.2120
124, 163, 183, 188, 190
Bondar tos cs eeseits oe eee 51
ROMS EC LOY a to are ee ere ae eee 196
Blac ESI 5 ete ye eh yee One eee ee OO
COO CU e200 se. hie tects or cues = 52
Brewers TS EAs Nelo lt SS
Red Winged.... 66, 70, 71, 72, 98
103; 12a 123, 124
155, 187, 190, 214

North Western Red Winged....
12 tS 1S
RSVR ah es Manns Bie epars pacasic dae 3 124
Yellow Headed............... 38
Bidele Skimmers . .ieisccahecseers 218, 220
Bluebird ..... 50, 52, 66, 67, 71, 72, 89
121, 124, 140, 157
184, 188, 191, 226
INN VEER. 5 <5! a tenes eco eae aes os 719
BW GSUOII. <accc.retnctage a eaess eta 52, 115
EBTREING kata atc saan Mckee a te ae ee 183
Bunting, Black-throated........... 82
1G IED Ce ge ear 66, 102, 121, 125
156, 184, 214
OU etet och ke Sots os es gel ae 181, 196
RES EIVAN A TRCh Oo cect casitn oak ou Sue te es Scare dee oa Ss 40
CaGiiEd soe oes. 15, 52, 66, 70,71, 121
122, 125, 143, 145
156, 158, 184, 187
Cardinal “25 2.2 66, GC, We; $1,.89. 421
123, 124, 156, 181, 184
186, 187, 191, 222
Chat, Yellow-breasted.... 61, 121, 125
146, 156, 184, 187
One tailed -a.5 ccc has es aes 168
Chickadee ...... 89, 90, 121, 124, 136
157, 184, 187, 222
Black-cappeds ©. ic 2c - see 103, 157
Colima: 6 davnciats oe ete 105
ioonm2e-ta led 6 cee an ei ero ee 184
IVR OUI EET 285 ieee ates as 79, 1138
(OPES OM wie an eee oe ee eee 79
PIMIMDEOUGS sec: os ees cn 90, 127, 188
Chuck-Wills-AWidOwe as -oke 2b. 10
COGU «2k nve o aerate 26, 30; 51, 65; 69> 89

110, 116, 125, 128, 183

Cow Bird... 2s: 18, 70, 80, 81, 97, 120
121, 124, 155, 183, 187, 190
CRAM! Sia ip one wihwes Ca soe eee 89
Samed MMS: 4... 4a ews 110, 115, 183
Eritie Brown. 3... ..««. keene 183
Creepers BrowmM 6% .< oi tee 124, 184
Crome aaah 10, 71,.72, 889, 106; 121
124, 148, 148, 155, 183
187, 190, 201, 226
INWMETICAME - "ns sone sts oe 50, 51, 66
1 DUT ES epee SE er Month Set 66, 155, 169
Pink “WSS Sais, oc Seen oon 226
NVESEORRS erie oct ee LiL, aa ees
Cross=Iill atos oo 35 see Aa ee 6
Cuckoo, Black-billed... 50, 51, 66, 125
155, 183,, 239
Yellow-billed ...... 51, 66, 68, 82
121, 125, 155, 183, 1379299
Dickcissel .. 66, 97, 121, 184, 187, 196
Dipper, American... .:...2.0 eee 19
Dove, Mourning..... 8, 34, 49, 50, 65
67, 72, 78, LOL, 121, 122, 122 aieG
155, 158, 183, 187, 188, 190, 191, 196
Quail “so. ee ne Cae 199
White-wineed. 32... ow eee 191
Duck, Am. Merganser....111, 116, 183
Baek chf8s 5 ene 159, 160
Balad pate -.c. sss sc oele 46, 111
Barrow, Golden Eye. 88, 115, 116
Buttle-neéad: “osic) sks «see eee 124
Gadwell oc @avee eee oe 51
Mallard 2ac.25. 32, 65,. G6; 7ey. et
11T5,. 116, 125, 259
Pimibaiile 2 oe sais ay es a ee 159
SCALP: wave ca cus’ wy see eee 124
besser SCaAUp i... she die see 125
SGOUer S50. ae as oe eee 159
Teal, Blue Winged....... 159, 183
Green-winged Teal....... 115, 159
dS (v= ae Pe Re MRE mS ot 79
Bagle, Bald... 2, 46,.51, 18, 226.2228
Golden 30 3 chee. 2 o> nee 42
Suet veteran. ss 5 com sets Eee 69
Buimen, “POWs ee 56 2 ers cise 52, 79, 189
PUPS. “sos aes sae ects 66, 124, 183
Falcon, Prairie (See Hawks) |
Flicker, (See Woodpeckers)
Flycatcher, Acadian..... 66, 1255-155
PAGS So pete a ie eras i oe 66, 11, 125
Grested .. 50, 66, 70,°97, 121, 125
tho; £83sy 187, 190, 209, 218
Green Crested Rass Ri ele eae 66, 187

THE OGLOGIST 7

Hammond’s:. ..2...3.. 113, 114, 115
Least ...66, 78, 125, 147, 183, 190
Olive-sided ......... W413, id. tts
Scissor-tailed . 66, 97, 187,.196

5 TSN (Si6 ih: Se a 66

WV CGUCERS ie tC eiotas Se Sc0b > 32 191, 209
Gallinule, Florida..... 51, 65, 155, 125
Geese, Blue: ........ £25, 139, teat, 135
CARD GG SRS oe a aes, hee LO
(26 Fi ae rer 167, 244. £76
Lesser Snow......... 132, 150, 193
207, 208

ST 20 ga a Ae Se os ae Seige 139
Comune =... 66,°70, 71, 90,121, 124

157, bso, £90
Goshawk, Western (See Hawks)

Gnatcatcher, Bluegray........ 97, 125
. 184, 188
Grackle, Boat-tailed.......... 187, 188
IBPOnZG ~ sei... 66; “72, 97,. tat, 124
156, 158, 224

eat nose. d eee cee, sess 187, 188
CAE UA NCO: oon soheca ta as, Shwe dws 48

| 21g 0) 2 ae 50, 66; 70, Tl, 156
159, - 180, 157

Grosbeak, Blue........... 18, 52, 54, 56
dt Ig BS as ipo

LS SNe ene (2) i i TY
ETD SY bs a en 120
JEN fe a 29, 66, Sl
MNES Ce Se os oe 2h he a Rave 6, 29
Rose-breasted ....... 66, 125, 156
184, 224

“ES! VEY SIT Sahl Ria SRS ea 46
Peewee. MAP .: 2. c< c0k ams 65
SP PRMN RCS eee ace eed caer 6, ns, Ssey ose’ © 115
Pied-billed ....... AG. 75, B25
Aaa 1539, 160, 203
Re BIRD 2 aly oooh, wv « SA ch c's es 18
Crouse, Canada Spruce.. ........ 118
EAMES faeces. 6 ole 0: «2.0%, ase 26, 113
ICM ALOUSOIEG 6.5... swe <2 ace hela i113
Fethard ...... 66, 69, 196, 181, 194

SY UIE ae Se 26, 118
RotE ee Peed TCT wa bee, is. < an 192, 179
Us VES it UR ite eae See 38, 65
tauchine~..169, 171, 1738, 217, 218
Fiawies, KINS-billeg@. .. ce nes 183

Broad-winged ... 44, 125, 150, 155
Cooper’s . 44, 45, 65, 117, 221
123, 125, 155, 183

Desert Sparrow...78, 79, 107, 118, 115

RUN E aoe hit cbs oe 39, 42, 438, 44, 79
411, 141

Goshawk, Western......... 46, 78
1274 ig RS A eee ere 188
Marsh - 45, 51 6b, 78, 82, 1LO
121, 124, 159, 183, 224
ye 2) ao, Les
ET eee 50, 106, 125
Praeme WalCOn.. 6. ck ek 141
Se Ae tg Sats 51

Red-bellied

Red-shouldered .... 51, 68, 81, 82
124, 155, 180, 188
pein: 9, 16, 42, 45, 65
71, 72, 78, 84, 89, 121
123, 124, 183, 188, 224
Sharp-shinned ... 45, 79, 125, 155
191, 196

Red-tailed

SPATTOW sic... 3 8, 36, 42, 51, 65,
ELS, 145, 217, £20, 124

157, 183, 188, 190, 196

WATSON, Foon aicea tae es 16, Li 78
Western Red-tailed.. 90, 113, 115
RiGee ¢ PRBiVies 228 ee eee 78, 216
RRS eee te A wioS oxge aren eceeaee 26, 67

Heron, Black Crowned Night...34, 65
88, 121, 155, 190

Great Blue..... 50, 51, 65, 79; 88

Mat, be4;- 151,159; 160, 283, 208

Greene cs. ec ee 50,..45,, 225, 155

183, 188, 190

Initlie: VElue: o.oo ec eee 10, 65, 121

SET CY meat, sa too ae outevere cel etarene oars 10

Hiuspmiie bird... 3.2 So Aes4:skv noon 78, 79

CalhODNO® a6 o0440'6 gehen 113, 114, 115

Ruby-throated ........% 46, 48, 66

84, 121, 125, 148, 155, 183, 206

FEUEOUIG. "sb ws te ioe 114, 115

JAY. PAPIZONS Ae. me ee 32, 191

Blue os 8, 32, 49, 50, 66, 121

123, 124, 143, 155, 187

190, 201, 203, 226

Black-headed ............ 107,, HAL

TrOGiny NERS Wiese hee ioe 78, 105

Cree Ps sis 5 Eee ke ois tO

Bone-creste@ «cc:0r « eaeciiccrats 3s 191

SMCs CEUZS a 5 5 we ee nee egetedme se: 141

SG DIE! SAME RARER rem gt ete ee nero 107

PUMEO, “OTESOM = 5 xhs.ie has wee 5 ow eats 78

Slate-eolored ........ 124, 156, 184

Shubeldtaie 2 ee ick os LOT, Fiz 2S
Killdeer (See Plovers)

Kine-bird. <.. +. 30, G6,. 20; GL; -¥8- 115

125, 155, 159, 183, 187, 190, 222

ATRANSAS 2. ee news 2b ble GG 78

ORL SSI ccd cow Oenno Seputntas Breen 191

Kingfisher, Belted...... ee 60,..66,° 78
89, 97, 115, 120, 128, 124, 151

455, 1838, 187, 190, 216

ERE Oa AS sala eb chavo ms esi ee 32
Kinglet, Golden-crowned... 52, 54, 79
106, 113, 184

Ruby-crowned . 52, 54, T9,. £06

113, 184

RSE ay Ss eile oc 6 Kea 218
eee PhOrned ous oes ckiaie ie eee 26, 78
13 oh. ere 51, 78, 224, 155
180, 181, 183

Meadow ... 31, 50, 66, 70, 71, 113

121, 124, 156, 180, 183

187, 190, 196, 224

Western Meadow.... 78, 107, 113
‘pate 115, 180, 224

8 THE OOLOGIST

MUCUGOSEICUG. si eel ae Gee ea uemuetin te sens 6
EIepburn’ S* ~.% Sayeecs hepa wo lO:
Long Spur, Chestnut-colored...... 183
TOON ee dats kerk ioy 66 oe 97, 116
INTHE DEC sre. ob coe evedencn aus emia arers ee 140
White-breasted ...... 50, 72, 121
124, 157, 184, 191, 216

Red-breasted ......... 69, 2, 113
124, 184

PAPAIN CT eco ks octane s eye ae 105
Macpie: “AMericam: $s é.... 06 wesc e 78
Martin, Purple....... HOR al ale 22,
124, 157, 184, 190

Mocking Bird..... 18, 52, 70, 121, 157
184, 187, 196

Nutcracker, Clark’s...... (Sq ae tls
Night Hawk....121, 123, 125, 180, 183
187, 190, 201, 222

1 EU IOT C16 (2 RoE eR RO Seti dnt ata eB 180
Western Nights. et. ce none es 191
Over (Bind. see v.33 2 13, 14, 66, 125, 143
156, 184, 191, 224

Osprey, American..... 66, 78, 84, 106
155, 169, 203, 216

Oriole, Baltimore...... 50, 66, 71, 122
125, 1438, 155, 156, 158, 183, 190
Partridgve. Albino... 52. ce cos sa. e ns 76
Calirorniary << vaeenueteene es See 51
Wi; is scene vate (oon Rees Ao aera eens 51
IVDATAGCOUT = ate cists (elo bss vv a nen evasion 78
Pelican: IWHITC. oi 6.65 eee 183, 203
IPetrel> SStOrmy. ects nd clare oso eon te scene 94
Pewee, Wood............ 66, 125, 183
190, 224, 226

Western WoOO0d.. 00 066.5. see 78
PANTO PODEA: alsa eae oe eee wale Sater 181
Pheasant, Ring-necked............ 106
Phoebe ..... 18, 40, 66, 67, 71, 72, 103
120, 124, 143, 155, 183

187, 191, 201, 222, 226

Pa Re en Sas foes are atten ate 60, 72
WVCSLOIMO ti o2' 5 4 disieisie op Uae s ont eee 78
HNP ee see Sie eae e aoe Reade tomtom inet ec 106, 125
Prairie “Chicken. '...)eie6 em ei 26, 78
Killdeer ..... 32, 655. 12, bee, L24
155, 188, 190, 204, 215, 220, 222

Rene TOUTES ics cco tahiat coal Gye a Gate tave te eate ges 121
Semi Palimateds oo oc ccc aces es 183
LOAF ON FES 00 PX, Ree A RR yk Tee A a es 190
WTISON ie. ayes csse eee ks 169, 177, 218

Quail, (See Partridge)

Rail: Carolinas .2..0 os oe ew OR ae owns 160
Clapper vssi.0ieees ee Pool dle ae
NAS Le care cee eee ahi aees Stes 65, 125
ViEPEIMIA, |b. 5 Si eae ee 38, 65, 155
SOM. iS St tare 38, 65, 115, 125, 155

Raven; VAMOCricalis. 3. 2%is. wardens ws 1555
White-necked) ...0..5 03 0. cess 51
IMOMEMOBI te oh oc Rios Aiea Ge otal asebepore 155

Red” Started. ch... 12, 15, 52, 66, 125

184, 191, 212

Red POM sts Pla eee ene 29

Robin 15, 26, 29, 31, 32, 33, 50
D2; 67, 70, 71, 72, 84, 88, LOL a2e

122, 123, 124, 136, 142, 146

157, 158, 181, 184, 191, 226

ATI sie aovkiacs hos os eee 142
BIGISEOTO a era bo. sts o's We ci cee Se 26
SOUWUEMEIT: festa, Sloe sce see 26
Western ........ 26, 79, tS, ies
Rowedrunner fo. 2.2 0 iee es 31, one
Sandpiper, Least......... 151, 159, 169
183, 190

Bartramian ws. hos ees 63, 64, 190
POCTORAN tr lott eek Se ee 69, 183
Solitary ... 6, 125, 159, 183, 190
SPOLled. fssck 65 ue 50,. 65, “103; 215
123, 159, 183, 190

Semi Palmated..125, 183, 159, 190
Spoon-billl *. nc. .o%.2 ccs ae 10
Shrike, California... 2... 2.0.06 78
Logger-head ......... 52; 66, 221
Mie rant: geks ssf ahd deve kun oe 184
Northern 65 oo esk ok 98, 124, 184
White-rrumped ........... 66, 196
Shear Water, Black-tailed......... 25
CORY, Sonics foe rayon eee Pee
Pink-footew®..: 1. 4. 2) oe ee 25
Wedgetailed 20.8... 6. eee 25
Snipe, Wilson’s.......... 124, 159, 183
Sapsucker, Red-napped...113, 114, 115
Yellow-billed ........ 72, 124, 183
Skimmer, Black. 262.551. suse 218, 220
Siskin, “PimeG.% ca: es. oes 0a ae 25
SNOW > BITS: . vn cei he ost eee 29
Sparrow, Bachman’s.....\. :..<2 2.006 220
Cassim’s (lo utc vaccine eee 187
Clay Colored. 2. 22s sca 66, 184
Chippime." 2.25. 5: 6, 10; Ti, fey a
121, 124, 145, 156, 184, 190

Hnelish ay... 23, 49, 52, 101, 122
148, 156, 158, 180, 184, 187, 222

Mields 34.05 S254 66, 70, 71, 121, 124
143, 156, 184, 187, 190

OS eek ceeias ere eee 106, 124, 184
Gamilbel ! 525 oki aw Peace 78, 106
Grasshopper ........ 125, 156, 184
187, 190, 196

PPAITIS sic oe lekct oss Ws Picew alee 184
bark oss ts. 121, 184, 187, 191, 196
PARCOIN os scare hee ae eee 184
SEAGIG ee tie scsssne oie oe Gano ee 156;. £73
Song ..... 66, 70, 72, 78, 111, 124
140, 156, 158, 181, 184, 190, 224

SAC Yok calstelske iss. 5 shuren cane 79
Sooty; Some. .0.4..... 112,113, 205
RVING ee ose Ri vece: x 3 ene ae 66
Western Savana.............. 84
Swamp isto 66, 124, 156, 190
EUUISGY: SOME: iss. sts See ee 79
BEGG) cts ick 6, 82, 115, 156, 159
Vesper ...... 66, 70, 71, 110) Bs

124, 156, 183, 190
Western Vesper... 78, 79,

TIRE ©C.O4-0°G 1S T

Western Chipping........ ines
Western Lark... oc 6k: 112,
Whitethroated ...... 69, 102,
184,

White-crowned .......... 125,
Wiolet-ereen 2... os. 112,
EMeMTE Os NS. es ye 1
TTT 5 (gS ie reg a 69,
Bank 2 G67 4 82 05) 195,
225 eon BigY66, k0s. Cio Te
1615 115; 2T, 456,

184, 190, 203, 222,

Cliff 566; 68,-69, 71,.°79,
Lap, 156; 184,

MEE CGI I mar 63 os: 124, 156, 160,
Switts, Chimney....;. 663. 702 71,
155, 183, 190,

Wihite-throated ....2.0..2.....

| ETES had a eh
eed CE ts os to ie Ge
Swan, Trumpeter..... 52, 94, 133,
PRU Te Pe h oe

Solitaire, Townsend.112, 113, 114,

Tanager, Scarlet..... 66, 80, 103, IT
156, 184,
INET — 2). dk 38, 94, 184,
PE SEORD eek, be tt 113, 114,

Teal (See Ducks)

Ea 69, 97, 125, 169,
1805 183, 211,
EL Ep SiG GT, Ene Aa
meebo! 2 zl, ob, bap, 180,
USTED Sh A ene Sag eo ial pee
elton ek S. Tes
LE TESS FERRIS AS tattoo ope pga aan a
PEPE hes is a s, fis,
Lo BES To) SRR eA
17 2, DR Se aie 2: i sat ae

Thrasher, rown.....

S., 102, 125, 145, 156, 184, 191,
SLES ple ee ee 79,
SUELLLL SVs" eee
marush. Hermit.............. 124,
Gray-cheeked ............ 125,
Olive-backed ........ i yl a4 at Me
125,

USL ODS aaa se ae

Oo LS ETRE SS Ais ee ia een 1f,
Titmouse, Tufted.... 90, 121, 124,
187,

Mowhee, (/OTESOM «0... ce ee we
ich So ae ae

Turkey, Wild Rid Grande. 31, 32,

CE DES i eee
OL LUN gS Sig 7
(SNS pe rE ee
2 LUGS ok ae ipl aoe ee ae SAO kh Ols
ine-headed ..2.22.4:. 125, 184,
PE erPeNR A. Sd cic wise oo

fee yeu... .15, 66;. 121,125,
146, 156, 158,

Solitary

15, 49, 52, 66,

113

148
190
121
200

82
169
226
115
226

115

LTE
217

25
183
175
219
175
217

70
224
105

5
184
184
115
184
£5
125
184
188

79
i la I
132
218
125
186
188
190
125
143
214

66

Warblin2e.).05 453. 66, 115, 125,
184,

Western Warbling........ 112,
Whiteeyed ...... 15," 66, £21,
141, 143, 158, 184,
Yellow-throated ..... 125. 184.
Vulture, Black...... 89, 121, 188,
Galitoraiaie eS Oe
Turkey* ....°32, 79, 89; 90,97,
121, 124, 183, 188, 190,
Warblers, Audubon: )........ 106,:
Bay-breasted’” :<.......... 125,
Blackburnian ... 43, 125, 156,
Black and White? .2 3.227. 43,
156,

Bigek? Polke s.ce.. 4 125, 184,
Black-throated Green.. 43, 69,
Black-throated, Blue...... 125,
pare A ae

Blue-winged ~ LZ, 125. E56:
Calaweras ioe. oo be
Canads oe at, 125,
[Gre 12 ED eae naan Sertted Haale Oe ead
CORUIOA More oe cc darks pes ee
ConnmectiCut? 7.520: coc ee
Chestnut-sided ~ £2, 24. G6:

125, 146, 147, 181,

Golden-cheeked ..............
Green-winged ....... 125, 147,
Hooded: io... .. 14, 66, 70,
125, 156,

Rel et ee ees
TET) MIG ei ia RE ea 156,
MERINO Eon. eons | ce acer cee
Nasnolia.. 23.5.0. 2 125, 156,
Maryland Yellow-throat.......
DEOUR ORE Se i eo” 156,

Ey RUS rrr roe oe 125;
Mersiaw ler .< Whre thoes aes Ca
BAe ib a os Fee ek 125,
Vellow. Palins. saticcrme cl sale
Pablo io ctcccns 31, 33, 53, 53,
125, 186,

Worthern Parulac. oo. t so:
PEAgEIO Ro tere AT Ve 8 a or a
Prothonothary .. 26, 184, 185,
Tennessee ...... 125, 184, 190,
Yellow . (50566, 79; St t2k
156, 184, 186, 190,

AARIGaT CY CUOW- . 62 cece ole
Warblers, Wilson’s....... 125, 184,
Wino Watineg: so... 2. yess
Water “TMTUSD s).-< sos ec act 125, 184,
Louisiana: 2... .. $20, TOT te:
Wax-wing, Cedar...... 31, 66, 89,
BE fas ae eee 46,178, 177, 248,
WOO CDCI oe oo cok ck ss 27, 88, 125,

ee 6 Pa ae he
183, 212, 225, 224,
Wood-pecker, Ant-eating..........
Downey ...
121, 124, 155, 183, 187, 190,

Whip-poor-will

. 29, 31, 32, 50, 66,

9

156
190
115
125
214
190
196
142
102
196
113
191
191
125
184
19
125
156
224
187
113

125

69
191
181
156
121
186
181
184
184
191
121
184
184
125
181
181

71
190

125
186
191
125
191
115
191
191
222
184
124
129
155
125
225
191

72
196

10

THE OOLOGIST

GARGIN OE’? 27.5.4. as Grantee cies 78 Foreign Birds

PAIEY-© foes sodas cere 66, 67, 124, 155
183, 190, 224 Bunting Japanese................. 5
IvORy- DIEU. so... dcdan cakes ee 19 - Buble \........0..62 32. ee 95
SEGUE ane. Pea. 18, 105,'113~ “Crake, Corn............... 00 95
PilGAGCO es 2 a eee he 69 CYane, Sandhill............ceee 111
Northern Pileated............ 69 Chimney swallow......<.. «eee 162
Red-bellied ...2s occu. OA 24 183 SCUPIeW oe ces ese eee se a 95
Red-headed -.... 50, 66, 67.68, 70 Dove, Quail..........:.:.0. ae 199
97, 101, 102, 103, 120, 121, 125 Magle, Goelden,............) eee Lt
T58,. 1835 186, 190; 220299 | ROE roe iia. oss as «so 148
IpeCG NaNed-....cci..senue ee TOG 3 SAY i dorzee Winaievs wads 0's 6 2 donee ta
Rocky Mountain, Hairy........ INTOID 22 casne spine wags © de che od FaG
Sone ante Rone Manone “arene a 113, 114, 115 PRU oe cadens oe 5 2c ove a
MMOS *tOS: 7 coz e Aa RE Oe cee 105 Flycatcher, Gray Tody............ 12
(See Sapsucker) GLOSDEAK oo... > 6s cecducenn ete 56
ANSTGITE GM CRN ene at angela 19, 156, 191 Gulls, Black-headed............... 94
Carolina .... 6%, 84; 112, 156, 187 TISLVing . soc slsuchens 0 94
HOTA GOT, acho Sans bean soe ne ae 79 < sGuillemot... . oa os oss 0b ss 94
Wotted Canyon. aciscncsvoe » 105 .Heron, Black... ...... . 24.55 148
Iinterior, Long-billed.......... 27. House Martin. . : 2.000. asec 162
PTOUSE occccy wiscse aeoks GOG5.10,, B25. 123 1 OIWiale ee ee. ees o's o's 2, 8
E25, T57, 158 Kiblewalee cic. jccsceciierncn ee ee 94
Long-billed. Marsh... 15,.38,52, 66 MloorhbGn, 2.4.2... 0. nist ices See 95
121 THiL.. TSO, CEST PCA IN Mai aie w pae sou scour ele ‘eee 162
21200000128 ce A RRs err tie at kal ee 79 JNigviet “dllaiwak so. 5 6s cave 95
MCG thn sic enemone ote ores eilaes 97, 188. ‘OSPFOY eis. on. So 2. ale cee 148
WV EGO AS. 5: ons: Sere ae eye 124,184 . Plieasant 3.03) 2. ce en 95
Western House............... 184° ROOK. de56 i waco os ose 95
Western Tile... oo oc ccleswuere o. 110 ‘Sparrow, House... s....:.. aoe 95
ERIC Sete k oie acoso air bates ere 19 . Skylark 2.01 3c8 set one 95
AMOW, UUCZS Lis swine escceebigetamioae ets 183... (Pity. Lone-taithed:. .... <... .22)seceeee 95
Greater. fo. 6. teen 110, 125, 159 BWC oes ace ce ese. 6 ae 95
TESS SOL sos e5ace se ale ca erame dea naecuantelce 159 Gresteq@e oo. ck. s: os: ota cadten eee 95
Yellow-throat, Northern...... 156, 181. “Woodpecker ;. 2.2... ...5 Uae 95
Maryland ........ 12 LU ele, ak GIeCN 22... 64 «y= cinta eee 161

125, 184, 191, 213, 214, 218

122216 0 C) CRM AAD Cee ee Ae eh ar aba nce sp 115

ha

. r . “ hy

’ 7

a. iD.

~ A * 7 . <y =

ees,.* -

Sa a

= “a
‘ a Wi

- es

+s
aly

<a\90nlan ingts, ~\ |
on Typ

ut

.

THE OOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS

TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No.1. ALBION, N. Y., JAN. 1, 1919.

WHOLE No. 378

Black Skimmers, baying like a pack of hounds; the flock
wheel about you and skim along the surface in perfect unison

—Photo by Stanley Clisby Arthur.

Ii ; THE OOLOGIST

BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 26 eents

for each 25 words for one issue; each additional

serted for less than 25 cents.

word 1 cent. No notice in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same. L
exchanges of such specimens. for

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,” and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il}.

MALE SKINS WANTED—679, 676, 658,
G2iZee Ode Gill SOs bie State lowest
price when writing. J. P. BALL, 5001
Frankford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN. 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

WANTED—Skin or mounted specimen of
the Passenger Pigeon. (315) WINCHESTER
peal HISTORY MUSEUM. Winches-
er,

PASSENGER PIGEONS: Have one
mounted bird in fair condition to ex-
change for best offer in rare sets.
RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College,
Pennsylvania.

W ANT ED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want~Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write E. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wines this will not
matter. For them will pay a good
price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, I11.

FOR EXCHANGE-—Lhavea beautiful, well-
mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each
of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I
willexchange for good set ofeggs. GERARD
ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores.
Michigan.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

I desire to exchange bird skins and Butter-
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot Guns, Double Bar-
ee preter. Good condition. D. V. HEM-

KE, Roswell, Ga.

ae SALE or EXCHANGE, choice
collection of mounted Animals, SKele-
tons,. Birds, American or Foreign, Fish
and Reptiles. Send for list. CHICAGO
ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, Chicago.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken
in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including European
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Eagles, etc. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,

Newport News, Va.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notices
for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap-
precinte it if you would arrange the
humeriauis in your exchange netice in
(heir numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our renders are complaining, and we
think justly so.

W ANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
CHER, Norton, Kansas. Box 455.

WANT SETS—Some quite common
from Northwestern U. S. and Canada.
Offer in exchange sea bird sets from
both coasts. All letters answered. F.
M. CARRYL, Maplewood, N. J.

FOR HXCHANGE—Choice sets with
nests of Swainson’s Hooded Prothono-
tory Warblers, Summer Tanager,
Chuck-Will’s Widow, Green-crested
Flycatcher. Sets of EHKagle and many
others for desirable sets and sets with
nests. DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457
Greene St., Augusta, Ga.

WANTED—Hawk’s and Warbler’s in first-
class sets with data. KARL A. PEMBER,
Woodstock, Vermont.

WANTED—To exchange sets with reliable
collectors. Will be glad to send list on re-
ceipt of yours. G. BERTRAM REGAR, 1000
Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER. 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col- -
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College; Pa.

FOR EXCHANGEH—30, 70, 74, 77, 125,
132, 191, 194, 201, 202, 208, 225, 2638, 2738,
316, 326, 327, 331, 339, 343, 364, 365, 368,
375, 412a, .4138, 421, 457%, 458, 47 52ae5.
(V.S.) 494, 498c, 501b, 505a, 506, 508, 510.
511, 519, 588, 563, 584, 593, 611, 616, 624,
631, 704, 705, 713, Tlla, T2la, 125, foo.
756, 758, 761, 766. Also stamp Collection
for eggs. T. E. McMULLBEN, 433 Bailey

St., Camden, N. J.

EXCHANGH—6 1-4, 12 1-1, 65 1-2,
79 Lal, 18 1-3) 77 1-8) 194 24 tee
202 Gao es 45 pclae Sheds Sale OP 20. Dawe
331 2-4 1-8, 383 2-4, 339 1-2 4-3, 366 1-4,
873 2-3, 390 1-5 1-6, 476 1-4, 481 1-8,
488 2-3 4-4 2-5, 493 1-5, 498 3-3, 501 3-3,
552A 1-4, 563 1-4, 581 2-4, 584 5-8 2-4,
593 2-3, 598 1-3 1-4, 708a. 1-3, 705 3-4,
T61--1=4 316 1-2 Ostrich at $3.00.

ERNEST A. BUTLER,

6314 Opal St.,
Philadelphia, Pa. H

THE OOLOGIST ill

EGGS— Continued

The following personally taken sets
to exchange for first class skins or
ies Smaller species with nests.

6, 7, 77, 146, 462, 466a, ae 488b, 497,
vost, 508, 510, 529a, 560a. J. A . MUNRO,
Okanagan Landing, Bee:

WANTED-—To correspond with collectors
having perfect sets of Murrelets, Anklets.
Tropic birds, Mex. Jacana, Limpkin, Turn-
stone, Bartram’s Piper and No. Phalerope.
Can offer Loons, Albatross’s, Hawks, Owls
and Mourning and Cerulean Warblers, etc.
a red. HAROLD MEYERS, Medina

WANTED-—Sets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and Ahlornado Falcons, I have
many Bird magazines tor exchange or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VIINo.1. C. M. CASE,

_306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, Conn.

WANTED—Lists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. BE.
PRICE, Grant Park, II.

W ANTED-—Singles or broken sets in quan-
tities,or small ae also books on Taxidermy,
eurios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.,
Dayton, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE — European and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
ean species. C. W. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
siftea, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A.F.
GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., 8., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and eggs,
over 100 kinds unionidie. Wanted any-
thing. DR. W. S. STRODE, Lewistown,
Illinois.

WANTED—A heavy marked set of
Sharp-shinned Hawk taken by a reli-
able collector. Will pay cash or ex-
change. RALPH W. JACKSON, R .No.
1, Cambridge, Maryland.

EXCHANGE of personally collected
sets desired with reliable collectors.
Send lists. Have fine sets of 105.2 and
others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260,
298, 332, 344, 393c, 399, 463, 521, 573, 588,
685, ete. J. H. BOWLES, The Wood-
stock, Tacoma, Wash.

_ WANTED—Entire collections of eggs,
also eggs of Rare North American
Birds. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, IIl.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,
Bird Books and magazines. BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield, N.

WANTED First Class, complete sets, all
species of Eagles, Kites, Falcons. Loons,
Tropic birds, Hawks. Owls, Vultures, W ad-
ers, Warblers, Finches. Send lists in full
with terms. Dr. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augus-
a, Ga.

FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with
data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b. 2-3. 486 1-4,
375d 1-2, 617 1-5, 685b 1-3, and others, for sets
needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa
Paula, Calif. s

FOR SALE—A fine white oak cabinet suit-
able for birds, nests, eggs, or other natural
history specimens. Contains 20 adjustable
drawers. Details uponrequest. S.S. DICK-
EY, 212 East Maiden St., Washington, Pa.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full .
eee - C. HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-
wood, O.

WANTED-—Set of all kinds, common and
rare, containing one or more eggs of any kind
of Cowbird. Good sets offered in exchange.
a a BOWLES, The Woodstock, Tacoma,

ash.

WANTED—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet Tanager, Indigo Bunting, Gold Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. Chicago. Il.

WANTED—A-1 sets of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have full data.
Can exchange A-1 shells or cash. Write what
you haye, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-
LER, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

CORRESPONDENCE DESIRED WITH

FOLLOWING WANTS: — 293a-294-300a-300b-
311-332-336- 337-337b- 373e-377-414- 420-467-483-501a-
501b-501c¢- 507-509- 511a- 513a-602- 619-627a- 628-630-
633.1-648-671-687.

Rey. H. E. WHEELER. Conway, Ark.

WANTED—A ist class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B. S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR EXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Snowy Plover ° (with nest), Pacific
Horned Owl, Vaux Swift, Black Swift,
Golden Pileolated Warbler, and scores
of others. We desire in exchange excep-
tional nest-and-egg material of every
description, especially foreign if well
authenticated. “A drawer to a species”
is out motto. 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

BOOKS.

WANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State
edition, condition of books and best
cash price... Lam. HORD, Chardon, (0:

THE WARBLER — Second series.
Seven volumes complete, $3.50 post paid.
Very few full sets left. Volume 1 and
2, with a dozen exquisite colored plates
of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
$1.00." Jo lL. CHILDS, Floral Park, N: Y¥.

Desirable bird books for sale or exchange

for other books on birds or insects. Sets of’

Condor, Ridgeway, etc. L. R. REYNOLDS,
9971 Pacific Ave., San Francisco, Calif.

WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and
index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4, 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early
volumes and single copies of Oologist, many
Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of
Osprey, JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City,
owa

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R. E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FOR SALE —Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar per volume, carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P. Quebec.

WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols
1-9incl., Bird Lore Vols. 1 and 2 incl., Nos. 1
and 2 of Vol. 3; No. 1 of Vol. 7; The Oologist of
Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.
The Ornithologist and: Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.
le KF. BOLT, 1421 Prospect Ave., Kansas City,

oO.

W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Oolugist. Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. lL. W.
Maynard, RALPH W.JACKSON, R. No. 1.
Cambridge, Md. :

_ FOR SALE-— Vols 4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What ani I offered. GEO. E. OStERHOUT,
Wind:or, Coiorado.

WANTED—Back numbers of many
amateur bird publications. List of de-
siderate sent to anyone having any-
thing in this line for sale or exchange.
Also have many numbers of Auk, Con-
dor, ‘Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Buli.
Cooper Club, ete. to exchange. A. C.
BENT, Taunton, Mass.

FOR EXCHANGEH—Osprey Vol. I, II,
III, IV and V.. New Series No. 7 & 2.
Condor, Vol. VI & No. 1 of Vol. VII.
Wilson Bulletin No. 69. Birds & Nature,
Vol XIII. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5. Vol. IXV,
No. 1; Birds Vol. II, No. 5 and 6. Auk,
Vol. XXIV and No. 3 of Vol. XXV. Birds
of Wyoming, Birds of Iowa. These will
be exchanged or sold only as a whole
for best cash offer or extra good sets.
W. H. BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

THE OOLOGIST

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or

gut of print North American Amateur and

rade Publications in existence. Price 5c.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Ill.

EXCHANGE—Large number of Oologists
and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely
prepared of common land birds, Part VII
“Birds of North and Middle America” for
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey ete., for cash or
exchange. Also’*’Birds of Washington, D.C.
and vicinity by Mrs. L. W. Maynard.
RALPH W. JACKSON, Cambridge, Route 1,
Maryland.

WANTED—Vols. 6,7 and 8 of Ornithologist
and Oologist; Vols. 1 to 5 of its predecessor
the Oologist of Ut ica, N. Y.; pages 177-187 eae
dex) of vol 4 of Osprey; wants many, send
list and get mine. T. J. FITZPATRICK,
Beas yep ree

FOR EXCHANGE— Vol. V of ‘Ridges
Birds of North and Middle America. In
paper in perfect condition. Wanted either
Vol. I, II or III of the above series. W.C.
HANNA 1000 Pennsylvania, Ave., Colton,

ali

{SSE TERI aN ce er

FOR SALE:—Bird Lore, Vols. 1 to 12, in-
clusive. complete with indexes, in original
covers, $35.00. Also odd numbers of Bird
Lore. John’s British Birds in Their Haunts,
16 colored plates, 190 illustrations, 626 pages,
1918. New Brass-mounted Telescope, 1 3-8
inches objective,magnifies 18 diameters. Just
tue thing for water birds. THOS L. Mc-
CONNELL, 1813 Huey St., McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Journal Maine Ornithological
Society, Vol. IV, No.1; Oologist, Vol. XX VI,
Nos. 1-2-4; Various numbers of Condor, Or-
nithologist ¢ and Oologist. Have many dupli-
cates. H. H. JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

FOR SALE—-Condor magazine, Jan.
1915 to Jan. 1916. 6 Nos. The Oologist
inagazine from Jan. 1911 to Jan. 1915.
Four years Subscription. EH. S. COOMBS,
243 Iranklin St., Boston, Mass.

W ANTIED—Oologist of Utica, N. Y.,
Vols. 1-5; Ornithologist and Oologist
Wiolk6. numbers 8, 10, 11, index and title
page; Vol. 7, index and title page; Vol.
8, numbers 4, 11, 12, index and title
page. Nidiologist, Vol 1, numbers 1 and
2. Osprey, Vol. 1, numbers 2, 4 and 6;
and other discontinued ornithological
magazines. Will pay reasonable prices.

WOR EHXCHANGEH—Ornithologist and
Oologist volumes 15 and 16 complete,
and several numbers of Volumes 9-14.

Bird Lore Vol 1, numbers 1, 5 and 6;
Vol. 2, numbers 1, 4 and 6; Vol. 3, num-
bers 5 and 6; Vol. 4, numbers 1, 2 and 6;
Vol 5, number 5: Vol. 6, number 6; Vol.
co number 2 Volumes ce and 16 com-
plete.

Osprey Vol 2, numbers 1, 3, 6 and eos
Vol. 3, number i

Bendire’s Life Histories, Vol. 1; Nel-
son’s Natural History Collections Made
in Alaska; Turner’s Contributions to
the Natural History of Alaska; For-
bush’s Useful Birds and their Protec-
tion. R. W. WILLIAMS, Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D. C

\
; Mo:
*

THE OGLOocIst

vOGn.- xx VI. No. 1 ALBION, N. Y., JAN. 1, 1919. WHOLE NO. 378

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter: December 21. 1903, at the post office al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 32, 1879.

SONA VE A ENA AINE NENA NANA NA NE

INA
WAS

e
re

NA

xc E wish all of the readers of THe Ootoaist a Happy »
a and prosperous New Year. Our friends have stood y
ee ~

d

loyally by this little publication in the past and we have
appreciated and still appreciate that fact and take this occa-
sion to thank them for the same support, and te humbly re-
quest a continuance of the same. It is known to our friends
that the publication of this magazine is not a moneymaking
proposition on the part of the management, but purely a
labor of love, undertaken by a busy man, in order that the
ties of many years shall not be sundered. This being so,
we will be pleased to receive all that advice and assist-
ance with which our friends see fit to favor us.

Put your shoulder to the wheel and each one of you get
a new subscriber for 1919, and help us make THe Ootoatsr
the best it has ever been. There should be a new awaken-
ing amongst collectors and students of the birds.

—The Editor.

Fede.
ee
= @ @.4y
ee

EN

Bz
NA

(

;

(A?
w

A

(

NS

-m™

*
®

RSA ANAS A RS

The Kaiwi

The Kaiwi is one of New Zealands
Mr. Jones, a taxidermist of Returia,
fairly common in some restricted dis-
tricts. However, it is a nocturnal bird
with secretive habits. The layman
may not know they are about unless
by chance he shall come acorss some
of their bilings. Their burrows are
usually very hard to find unless by
chance they are stumbled over, usual-
ly, placed in some bank or under the
decayed roots of some tree with the
especial design of keeping as much
bad weather away as possible. They
have two kinds of burrows, one for
sleeping in, through the day time and
one for raising their young. The one
that I examined was probably nine or
ten feet deep with other subterranean
passages. On the outside of the bur-
row several little paths could plainly
be seen, very probably having been
made by the birds on their nightly
quest for worms and on following
them up I found that they gradually
became less and less until they finally
disappeared completely.
and female Kaiwi with fresh egg
which I have recently added to my
collection were taken by Mr. Jones on
Sept. 24. The burrow was about two
feet back among the roots of an old
tree which offered plenty of shelter.
On removing the old bird from the
nest its Dill proved something of a
weapon and he also found that its
hair-like plumage came off very easily.
Notice, too, the size of the egg which
seems way out of proportion for a
bird the size of the Kaiwi to lay.
Really the Kaiwi really seems like a
monstrosity in bird life with its un-
gainly looking appearance seemingly
always just about to lose its equilib-
rium. Hyes that are small and very
ineffective at least in the daytime,
and with its long spear-like bill with

THE OOLOGIST

nostrils in the tip end. The wings are
just noticeable spurs, indistinguish-
able unless looked for with the most
careful examination probably handed
down from the species from which it
originated. On looking it up I find

that they come from the most ancient

family of Epturygedae of which very
little is known and having the most
ancient lineage of all living birds.
Unfortunately they are becoming
more and more scarce owing to the
breaking up of their nests by the Wi-
kos and by the importation of weasels
into the country which was done sev-
eral years ago to try to kill some of
the over-abundance of rabbits which
were destroying the produce of the
country. However, as there are four
Species of Kaiwi and the New Zealand
bird laws are especially adapted for
the preservation of bird life, it is
hoped that this, one of the queerest,

if not the most queer, of our feathered.
friends will not become extinct as

have so many of its predecessors.
R. B. Overington,
4606 Seifer St.,
Frankfort, Pa.
LATE!

The Oologist reaches its readers
late this issue. The reason being the Ye
Editor has been spending three weeks
in sunny southern California with the
very best mother in all this wide, wide
world, who has just passed her 85th
birthday, and who during more than
50 years past has been a staunch sup-
porter of the HKditor’s bird hobby.

ee etn She panies
How | Lost That Set of Four Bald
Eagles
(Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

The time approaches when Eagle
eggs in this state (Virginia) will be
ripe. In looking forward to a visit to
the old nesting trees, one wonders if
the lumberman’s ax, the clearing of

|

U0PHUINDAO “Gg “Y JO UO!}D9|;09 ‘HBa pue ‘im

ay JO ded

THE OOLOGIST

¥

4 THE OOLOGIST

new land for farming purposes, the
hunter who kills all raptores on gen-
eral principles, and a dozen and one
other causes, have prevented the pair
from utilizing the old homestead.

The little incident I am about to re-
late happened some years ago, though
still fresh in my memory as if it had
happened yesterday.

It was one day in the first week of
March that I crossed the James river
to visit one of my old standbys. Or-
dinarily the 22nd of February in this
section finds fresh, or nearly fresh
eggs. That year the weather around
that date had been anything but con-
ducive to egg laying. As I started out
the sun was shining, but before get-
ting off the boat the sky was overcast
with snow clouds.

After securing a small batteau or
rowboat, and a colored boy to help
row across the three mile stretch of
open water and up the creek, we ar-
rived within a half mile of the nest.
Snow had already commenced to fall,
and by the time that I had reached the
foot of the tree, I could hardly see
the nest, so thick had it become. A
rap on the tree and off she came. and
what man could resist the temptation,
even under such adverse conditions!
Only certain pairs of birds are prone
to lay three eggs, is my belief, after
long association with these _ birds.
This pair had always been a three egg
pair, so with great expectations, I
started the ascent. The tree was a
dead pine on the side of a creek, four
feet across the stump, with the nest
located in topmost crotch,
feet up.

The tree had been dead some years,
but since my last visit to it, three
years previous, it had decayed rapid-
ly. All the bark was now off andthe
climber spurs would tear their way
downward through the rotten outer
wood, at every stroke. The heart and

some 65

limb spurs were, however, pure ‘light
wood,’ aS we say in the South, and
with the aid of my two trusty eagle
straps, I managed to work my way up
under the nest. Its shelter from the
driving sleet and snow was welcome,
for by this time the slush on the tree
trunk and stubs had soaked such
parts of my clothes as usually come
in contact with trees of this charac-
ter, while my bare hands were blue
with cold, though the exertion kept
my body warm.

In looking over the situation from
under the nest, I found that since my
last visit, one of the main upright
limbs that had allowed me to get up
over the top of the nest, had broken
off. After working carefully all
around the trunk, under the nest, I
could see no way to get “over the
top.” Things were now getting chilly
and time short, so I commenced a
hasty destruction of one side of this
massive structure, commencing at
the bottom. Inch by inch I worked
upwards, taking out one side of the
nest. If my readers think this an
easy task, I should like to have them
try it, for an old nest is packed to-
gether layer on layer, year after year,
until a hatchet would be a more suit-
able article to work with than bare
fingers. And now I come to the in-
teresting part of my story, for as I
came to the next to top layer, what
should I see but an eagle egg. Care-
fully I extracted the last season’s in-
fertile egg from the mass of sticks on
op of it, and deposited it in the coffee
can in my side pocket. The last layer
of material was soon torn away, and
with the aid of my longest strap, I
was able to swing outward and reach
up over the cut out side to the middle
of the nest.

Three more eggs, four in all taken
from the same nest the same day, and
I with only a single can prepared for

: THE OOLOGIST 5

two, or three at a pinch. The trusty
fish basket was on the ground, and
time and cold made me act quickly.
Egg number one was taken from the
can and deposited in the left hand
pocket of my coat, while one of the
three was wrapped in my only pocket
handkerchief and placed in the top of
my fedora hat. The other two went
into the coffee can in my right hand
coat pocket, and then I started down.
Now I came to the part of the story
that the title suggests. In working
ing down below one of the big dead
‘stumps, it was necessary to catch
the strap afer being swung by my
right hand, by left knee and clamp it
to the tree trunk until I could reach
over and hook it to my belt with the
right hand.

After several unsuccessful attempts
the strap at last came round, but alas
too far, for the heavy snap hook on
the end landed squarely on the cen-
ter of my left hand pocket. A loud
report, a mild stench to the nostrils,
and I knew my claim to a four egg
set of Bald Eagles had vanished.

It was harder going down that
sleet-covered tree trunk than mere
words could convey to my readers,
and after the row back to the start-
ing place, I was more than ready to
dry myself at the friendly stove in
the country store, near the dock, while
waiting for the downsteamer. =

And this is the sad tale of how I
lost a set of four Bald Eagles, the
only one that I have ever taken.

Harold H. Bailey,
Newport News, Va.
Nh Pe Rr VE Seen aaa
The Eggs of the Finch Family

Many years ago, and I have been
collecting since I could toddle, I start-
ed collecting the eggs of the passer-
ine birds of the whole world. I was
continually put to it to find more and
more space and finally got rid of

pretty nearly all I had and then con-
ceived the idea of collecting the eggs
only of the Buntings (Emberizinae).
Dr. Sharpe had divided the Finch

family, it will be remembered, into
three main groups, the Grosbeaks,
True Finches and the Buntings.

Later, influenced chiefly by the argu-
ments of Mr. Ridgway, he abandoned
this grouping but even before he had
done this I found it was very difficult
to say where the Finches ended and
the Buntings began. So I decided to
collect the eggs of the whole of the
Finch family.

According to Dr. Sharpe’s Hand
List the Finch family comprises 139
genera and 1187 species so that the
scope for a collector is sufficiently
large. It is also sufficiently vast as
regards the geographical distribution
of the Finches for they are to be
found in all parts of the world except
Australia.

My idea was to have at least one
set of each sort that could be ob-
tained and to have sets showing out-
standing variations where possible.
I have whole drawers of some of our
British species and it is so difficult
to reduce these, for every set has
merit.

I have had some lucky scoops. I
was able to buy up large series of
some of the Japanese Buntings when
Mr. Owston’s collections were _ dis-
posed of and have some very fine
types of these including the rare E.
yessoensis.

I find very great difficulty in secur-
ing the American Finches’ eggs, es-
pecially those outside the so-called
Sparrows, and this though I am pre-
pared to offer valuable material in ex-
change. Nearly every American col-
lector offers one the same sorts of
eggs and the rarer ones seem un-
obtainable. Then, again, it is very
difficult to secure what we call va-

6 THE OOLOGIST

riety sets showing color or markings
cut of the common.

Your readers will probably like to
know what I consider some of the
best eggs as regards colouration and
I would say without hesitation that
those of the Black and Yellow Gros-
beak of northwestern India (perissos-
piza icteroides) are among the most
handsome eggs in the world. Of a
dark stone ground color they are
beautifully scrawled in a zone with
deep black markings and are about
the size of a Jay’s egg (actually 1.03
by 0.08 inches).

Another thing some U. S. collectors
would envy me is a large series of
Tree Sparrow and White-crowned
Sparrow from Labrador from whence
I have also some Pine Grosbeak
sets.

It is curious how often the type of
egg seen in the Chipping Sparrow
recurs throughout the family. It is
more or less the type favored by the
Bullfinches, and also by Carpodacs
Propasser and several other genera.
White eggs are not at all common.

Apart. from the well know white
eggs laid by several of the North

American Sparrows the only other
large group of white eggs are found
in the Mountain Finches (called
Leucosticte in the States but Monti-
fringilla by our authors). Our Euro-
pean example, the central Huropean
form, is not so rare but it breeds in
the high mountain ranges and is not
often seen in collections. I am hop-
ing to make a trip to the Alps to get
some myself one day.

Even in this small kingdom we rec-
ognize two distinct species of Cross-
bill and it is a trying thing for me to
own to that, though one form breeds in
the pine woods here within a mile of
my house I have not found it and
some of my friends, who do _ not
specialize in Finches’ eggs have!

I hope I have said enough to make
some of your readers realize the ad-
vantages of specialization in a whole
family. See how readily I would
part with choice sets of the swallow
family’s eggs to a swallow man for
something he did not esteem in
Finches! We could all help each
other instead of all wanting the same
things and what experts we should
be in our own spheres!

K. L. Skinner,

Dec. 4, 1918. England.

J. J. RYMAN ;
Another of our ornithological friends
has passed on. J. J. Ryman of Palm
Beach, Florida, died August 8, 1918.
Mr. Ryman perhaps was not as well
known to readers of The Oologist as
some, but he had a fine collection of
birds and eggs and was most enthu-
siastic. Over a year ago he wrote, “I
am over 64 years old, next February,
and can climb the tallest tree still.”
Which shows the true spirit of a
naturalist. Mr. Ryman has five boys
in Uncle Sam’s service, a record any
family can be proud of.
Thomas H. Jackson.

EOS. ee oe ae
Sandpipers

By S. S. Dickey, Washington, Pa.

A few days since while I was rid-
ing on a train I chanced to pass a
little marsh and was gladdened by
the sight of two solitary sandpipers
that gracefully flew away from their
feeding places in the boggy grounds.

This incident brought to mind a
recollection of a boyhood experience
with my first sandpiper. There were
three of us boys who loved to fre-
quent frog ponds to snag the croak-
ing greenbacks and hear the trilling
toads. One bright warm day as we
approached a pond that lay quite near
a creek we spied a strange and fas-
cinating bird which waded in the

"juoW ‘Aooeuy Fe SUIL}PUNO|] BY} UI S}S9U SMOIJEMS HID

THE OOLOGIST

8 THE OOLOGIST

slimy ooze and probed its bill among
the sticks and leaves. Our thoughts
were all aroused and we agreed that
this new feathered friend must be a
crane,—so long were its legs and
crane-like was its beak.

Some years later it was my good
fortune to be allowed to accompany
Mr. J. Warren Jacobs on bird trips to
the fields and woods, and this untir-
ing naturalist taught me that the won-
derful crane-like bird is the spotted
sandpiper and told me much about its
habits.

Eventually I learned to know the
Bartramian and solitary sandpipers,
and among my most cherished mem-
ories are those of reading of these
birds in B. H. Warren’s “Birds. of
Pennsylvania.” What great ideas we
boys got from this useful treasure-
book,—dreams of the North where
the birds nested in countless hordes
and where eggs of the rarest kinds
might be collected by just tramping
about the prairie sloughs.

And I find it even yet delightful to
cultivate the imagination of just such
paradises, where the birds and woods
and all live things are as they were
before men became such mercenary
creatures and laid waste to the works
of nature.

—_—____+-~> «—
The Future

The Oologing for 1920 will be more
valuable that it has been for a long
time in the past, because of the fact
that under the’ new laws it will be
possible for us to advertise for sale
for scientific purposes bird skins and
birds eggs. Heretofore such haa not
been the case. New museums, and
private collectors can lawfully pur-
chase such material. It is hoped that
there will grow up in the country a
legitimate, collectors and dealers, in
this class of goods, as there is surely
a proper place for such. Commercial-

izing nature study, is undersirable,
but there should always be some place
where the great public museums and
scientific private collectors could go
for needed additions to their collec-
tions. There should never be a place

for those who only see the dollar —

mark on a bird’s skin or egg. We
will do all that we can to further the
cause of legitimate dealers, and will
take a delight in exposing all unlaw-
ful or fraudulent transactions.

The Editor.

eo

Some One Should Shoot the Boy.

We were at Whitefish Point, Mich.,
two miles west of the light house on
the point and thirty or forty rods
from the lake shore and in April the
hawks gathered there in flocks and
during the middle of the day from one
to three flocks of from twenty-five to
one hundred could be seen high in
the air, circling around and apparent-

ly staying in the same place as long
as I could watch them. They were
seen for a week or two.

A boy that lived a few rods from

where we were viisting wrote me @
year or two after that he stood at
their front gate and shot 10 Sparrow
Hawks in 10 shots in 10 minutes. The

‘Hawks were chasing Blue Jays and

other birds. :

I saw flocks of Blue Jays there of
a hundred or more flying around like
we see swallows over a pond of water.

Delos Hatch,
Oakfield, Wis.

saecta te Se A Pare gota
Indian Arrow Heads

I have found a number of perfect

Indian arrow heads in and ~ around

camps. The best time that I find to

hunt them is after a rain. I just take

a stroll over the sand hills and hardly
ever fail to find one or more.

Ramon Graham, —

Fort Worth, Tex.

"ed ‘yBunqsoukem ‘sqooer usuem ‘¢ “eg ‘yBunqsoude pm Jo ‘qooer uduse AA “f
$O UO!}D9][OD 94} Ul HME} Posjie}-pay 94} JO SHBHo jo soluasg $O UO1}D9|}09 94} Ul SHHA symeY poajie}-poy jo Soluag

10 THB OOLOGIST

ROBERT D. HOYT

The readers of The Oologist will
hear with regret of the death of Rob-
ert D. Hoyt at his home “Twin Oaks.”
near Clearwater, Florida.

Last February he had a stroke of
paralysis from which he rallied and
was better, but a recurrence of the
disease November 23d last. Mr. Hoyt
was an ardent lover of nature, and
his long residence in the state and
his familiarity with its birds, animals
and plants, made him an authority
on Florida fauna. His frequent trips
to the south end of the state, as well
as to the Everglades, brought to his
fine museum many rare birds and their
eggs, notably amongst others are fine
sets of the Kites Everglade and Swal-
lowtail.

It was the writer’s pleasure to visit
Mr. Hoyt in the month of May 1910.
I well recollect my impression on
seeing his home for the first time.
Seven stately Live Oaks, covered
with great masses of Spanish moss,
hanging in festoons of ten to fifteen
feet in length and almost touching the
ground, formed the setting in which
his home was built while the lawn
was planted with many rare exotics.
I know his fondness for plant life
had an equal place with that for the
birds.

Rare palms, large clumps of Bam-
boo, Cactus and other semi-tropical
forms ornamented the grounds, while
nearby a beautiful Citrus grove con-
taining many varieties of oranges and
grapefruit trees all in the highest
state of care and cultivation, and
most attractive surroundings.

Shortly after my arrival Mr. Hoyt
took me into the pine woods nearby,
saying a pair of Chuck-wills-widows
had nested in that locality. After a
short search I was fortunate enough
to find the female sitting on two
handsome eggs, under a tree with low

hanging branches. She was’ very
loth to leave her nest and I got two
snap shots with the camera, and she
allowed us to almost touch her. Near-
by we found a colony of Herons nest-
ing, having both young and eggs. I
only recollect two species, the Louisi-
ana and Little Blue, but in another
swamp nearby the Snowy Heron had
recently nested in considerable num-
bers.

Near the Hoyt home an arm of
Tampa Bay runs back quite a dis-
tance. It is thickly dotted with little
islands covered with mangrove bushes.
These are favorite nesting places for
the Gray Kingbird, and Mr. Hoyt
showed me a number of their nests,
some having eggs. They were about
8 or 10 feet from the ground, or
rather over the water where they
seem to prefer to build.

AS we were leaving we saw a
flock of six Rosette Spoonbills sitting
on a dead tree. A _ beautiful sight.
They were young birds, probably
hatched far south.

Mr. Hoyt was one of the few orni-
thologists that had found the nest and
eggs of the Ivory billed Woodpecker,
now one of the rarest birds on our
list.

Mr. Hoyt is survived by a widow,
two daughters and two sons, the lat-
ter two being in the U. S. Service in
the Aviation branch.

Thomas H. Jackson.

It is with genuine sorrow that we
read the above from friend Jackson.
For many years we had the pleasure
and profit of knowing R. D. Hoyt by
correspondence. And no one could
know him in any way without profit-
ing thereby. His letters were the
givings of a true naturalist. Clear
concise, accurate, and thoughtful; a
pleasure to peruse as they teamed
with real information, fresh from the

THE OOLOGIST 11

wilds. Mr. Hoyt gathered a large
collection of rare Oological specimens,
which he donated to the museum
there.

Editor.

OS 2 ee ee
That Mare’s Nest
My Dear Mr. Barnes:

Inasmuch as you have misquoted
me on page 166 of the December
“Oologist” I ask that you be good
enough to publish this letter in your
next issue. I know, of course, that the
misquotation was entirely unintention-
al, but it puts me in a wrong light
with those who have not read my
original statement in “The Auk.” I
did not say that it was because Dr.
Oberholser used technical names that
a number of them were meaningless
to the general reader but because he
-used technical names that were dif-
ferent from those of the A. O. U.
Check-List the only reference volume
that the majority of students have
for consultation.

Technical names in scientific: work .

are not an absolute necessity, because
in the large majority of cases ani-
mals and plants do not have any
English names. This is the case in
the greater number of insects, and
in other groups of lower animals, and
also in the case of birds when foreign
countries are concerned. im. oyour
reference to “The Auk” you say that
177 species were referred to by their
Latin names only, in the October
number, these are almost exclusively
birds of South America and other
. foreign countries which have no Eng-
lish names—many of them no names
at all except the Latin ones, and
there was no alternative.

I entirely agree with you as to the
English names in the case of our
native birds and I publish them in

- every instance in “The Auk,” except
in -purely technical discussion in

read. FH

which only technical students are in-
terested. In a publication like “The
Auk,” intended for both classes of
readers, both kinds of names haveto
be used.

I have, however, long wondered
why, in a popular magazine like “The
Oologist,” you continued to publish
scientific names when all the species
mentioned have well known English
names. I thought upon looking at the
December issue that you had adopted
this policy, but I see that one tech-
nical name survives on page 156, but
doubtless this was an oversight. If
this policy were made permanent I
am sure it would meet with the ap-
proval of all your readers.

Sincerely yours,
Witmer Stone.

Surely there was no intention of
“misquoting” Dr. Stone, for whom
we have the highest respect. How-
ever, we construed the “‘Auk” article
as we understood it, and as we be-
lieve the average layman would have
The reason that we still use
an occasional scientific name in The
Oologist is, that we occasionally find
one that remains the same long
enough for us to get it to the printer,
and from the printer to our readers
before it is changed by the big bird
doctors. But in doing so we realize
that we take long chances of the
change being made while The Oologist
is in process of making. Why not
have a little common sense in the mat-
ter of the eternal change of names?

The Editor.
He Pet Se EE ee eee
A Rare Capture

The last week in November a
farmer living in the vicinity of
Burning Springs, W. Va., captured a
live young Swan, evidently a bird of
the present year which had strayed
from the fiock on the way south. Our

12 THH OOLOGIST

friend, C. E. Van Alstine of Burning

Springs, W. Va., described it: “It is
white, not a pure white, but of a
steel white, this color is more pro-
nounced on the neck, its legs and
feet, below the feathers are black, its
bill is of a pinkish color except the
tip which is black.”

The bird appears hearty and strong
and is reported eating most every-
thing and finally escaped from the
first captor and a short time after-
wards fell into the hands of a second
farmer who now has it. It is to be
hoped that it will ultimately find its
way into one of the Zoological Gar-
dens either at Washington, Philadel-
phia, New York or Pittsburgh.

Editor.
ai SUR RR Dee ee

Let me celebrate my return to civil
life by contributing the following notes
to The Oologist:

Birds and Wasps

A common bird, familiar to all who
have spent any time in tropical Amer-
ica, is the Grey Tody Flycatcher, Todi-
rostrum cinereum cinereum). It is
a feathered mite of a flycatcher, whose
insistent notes rather fills the place
of our familiar ‘‘chibec” of. the east.
Its nest is a beautifully woven bag,
suspended from the lower branches of
a great variety of tropical trees. The
entrance is upon the side, like a tit’s
nest, and the eggs pure whie. ~

I have found many of them person-
ally. Along the rivers of Colombia,
in the Andes, in the botanical gardens
at Georgetown, near the jungle of Brit-
ish Guiana, and in a dozen other
places. Invariably in my experience
the nesting pair have placed their
home within a few inches of a wasp’s
nest. The wasps in question are a
small social species of Polybia which
are very numerous in the tropics.
They construct a paper nest much
like that of our common Polistes, ex-

cept that it much smaller, the paper
of darker pulp and the bottom of the
cells covered over.

It is a case of symbiosis. The birds
do not bother the wasps. The wasps
respect the birds, doubtless to the
mutual benefit of one another.

So much for the Tody. It never
occurred to me that this habit might
be frequent among birds of other
climes, even here in the East perhaps.
I thought nothing about it until re-
cently, but now it has become a topic
for special investigation and one of
interest to me.

Last spring, on the 29th of May, I
was collecting in the woods near Stam-
ford, Connecticut. I had found, for
the first time in my life, four species
of warblers nesting within seventy-
five feet of one another! A beautiful
Redstart’s nest and four richly colored
eggs; then, almost at my very feet,
the neat pocket in ‘the leaves of an
ovenbird, containing five eggs with
their lovely wreathings of brown and
lavender. As I turned from this find,
a Blue-winged Warbler flashed past
with its mate. The tiny thing darted
straight into some wild rose briars
with a whisp of cedar shreds to add
to its half completed home.

As I paused to watch, wondering
what next to expect, a Chestnut-sided
Warbler caught my eye on the edge
of a thicket close by. I wandered
towards it cautionsly and came
straight upon the nest from which I
fiushed its mate. As I did so I felt
myself violently stung on the arm by
a large wasp. It was one of the big
Vespa hornets, commonly known as
a yellow jacket. Its nest of grey
paper hung from twig about eighteen
inches from the warbler’s home and
provided ample protection.

Later, on May 29th, I located a nest
of the Maryland Yellowthroat near my
house. To my surprise a nest of this

iemork City,
the base of Bear Mountain there is an

THE OOLOGIST 18

same large hornet guarded the birds’
threshold in a very efficient manner.

Up to the present, the above data
are all that I possess in regard to our
eastern bird building in the proximity
of a wasp’s nest. They are interest-
ing cases, however, and ones which
have stimulated my interest in the
possibility of this being a habit much
more general than we suppose.

Paul C. Howes.

Some Nesting Birds of the Palisades
Interstate Park
Paper No. 1
By P. M. Silloway.

The following notes are presented
through the courtesy of the N. Y.
State College of Forestry, at Syra-
cuse University. During the season
of 1918, from May 24 to August 8, the
writer had the pleasure of making ob-
servations concerning the bird-life in
the Palisades Interstate Park, situat-
ed in the southeastern part of New
York and the northeastern part of

New Jersey. My work was under the

direction of Dr. Chas. C. Adams, of
the department of Forest Zoology of
the College and with the co-operation
of the Commissioners of the park rep-
resented by Mr. Edward F. Brown, the
secretary of the Commission. These
notes relate especially to the Bear
Mountain and Harriman region of the
park, the largest of four or five sepa-
rated areas making up the entire
park property, which comprises al-
together more than thirty thousand
acres of forested woodland.

‘The park is situated on the west

side of the Hudson river, and extends

irregularly from this river to the
Ramapo Hills. The West Shore rail-
road entrance to the region is Ilona
Island, about forty miles above New
Between Iona Island and
this

extensive march of cat-tails,

marsh bounding the Bear Mountain
Inn premises on the southeast. The
marsh opens into the river southeast
of the Inn, and the river bounds the
Inn premises on the _ east. Bear
Mountain is the principal feature of
this part of the park, though it is
merely one of a group constituting
the Highlands of the Hudson River.
This mountain rises to an altitude of
1300 fet above the Hudson tide-level.

The park owes its existence to the
fact that, it is mountainous forest
though the valleys as well are dense-
ly wooded. We can briefly define the
Highlands as a forested plateau vary-
ing in height from one thousand to
fourteen hundred feet, the ridge-like
mountains being separated by long ir-
regular troughs, all covered by a uni-
form forest of hardwood type. Prom-
inent trees are the chestnut, chestnut-
oak, maples, red, black and white
oaks, various hickories, walnut, but-
ternut, tulip tree, birches, ash, bass-
wood, locusts, aspens, beech, and hem-
lock. The shrubs and saplings con-
sist of sumach, fire cherry, witch hazel,

dogwood, sassafras, laurel, sweet
fern, huckleberry, purple flowering
raspberry, blackberry, aspens and

birches, with sprouts and saplings of
all the native trees. With this brief
introduction we proceed with the ob-
servations concerning the nesting
birds of the region, taking them in
chronological order.

1. Oven-bird. On May 27th I heard
a male Oven-bird singing on the basal
hillside of Bear Mountain, just above
the Inn premises. As he seemed to
be permanently attached to the local-
ity, I made search up the short slope,
which was comparatively free of un-
dergrowth, and in a short time I
found the nest. It was late in the af-
ternoon, and the female was not at
home. The nest was among dead
leaves around a fallen branch. It was

14

made of coarse dried grasses, arched
overhead, in this feature being not
unlike some nests of the meadowlark.
The entrance opening was’ paved
with a large spreading dead leaf.
There were eggs in the nest, but in
the indistinct light I did not count
them.

The next morning I visited this
nest about nine o’clock, and then the
female was not at home. There were
three eggs in the nest. A fuller ex-
amination of the site showed it was
among dead leaves and_ scattered
green sprouts, sheltered by a fallen
dead branch. The entrance faced
the descending slope of the grade. On
the morning of June I visited the
nest, and the female was_ sitting
closely, so I started her off by mov-
ing a twig of the branch. sheltering
her home. She came out, hopping
and limping over the dead leaves,
with one wing held up obliquely and
the other trailing the ground. She
made no sound, and remained quiet
while I was at the nest, which then
contained five eggs. Later in the
forenoon I returned with camera, and
while I set up the machine and photo-
graphed the site about fifteen feet
away, she remained quiet in the nest.
The male apparently discontinued
singing in the vicinity of the nest
when the female began incubating.
The Oven-bird ranges from the base
to the crests of the dry wooded
mountains, singing in all localities in
late May and early June.

2. Chestnut-sided Warbler. This
Warbler was found very common in
the bushy margins, roadside clearings,
and shrubby openings around the
mountain bases. On May 29 I found
a nest along the road near the south
entrance to the Inn premises. I had
heard the male singing frequently in
the neighborhool, and had also seen
both male and female active in the

THE OOLOGIST

edge of the shrubbery there, so I was
not long in locating the nest. The
site was a very slender sprout in the
edge of the undergrowth under trees
bordering the road. The nest was
about three feet up in the sprout,
where a_ slender creeping vine
crossed a weak fork of the sprout.
When I found the nest neither par-
ent bird was in sight, but soon the
singing of the male and the chipping
of the female announced them as the
owners. The nest then contained
but one egg, and the female had not
begun the task of incubation. On
June 38 I visited the nest, and the sit-
ting female allowed me to approach
quietly until I was within two feet
of her, and even then she did not de-
sert the nest until I put out my hand
to move a twig of the sapling. She
flew away low in the shrubbery, and
chirped nervously at a little distance.
The male did not appear at this
time. The nest contained four eggs.

3. Hooded Warbler. This War-
bler was common in the bushy open-
ings of the hillsides, and especially
in the shrubbery of small shallow
ravines along the mountain bases.
The male sings everywhere in the
vicinity of its nest, and the site can
be determined by the approximate
center of the male’s singing range in
a ravine opening. On June 2 I locat-
ed a nest of the Hooded Warbler on
the boat landing grounds at Bear
Mountain Inn. The site was a black-
berry bush in a shallow ravine open-
ing, near where a male was heard sing-
ing the previous evening. The nest
was made in a small fork of black-
berry, against two. parallel stems,
about thirty inches from the ground.
It was constructed outwardly of coarse
weed bark and brown fibrous strip-
pings, and lined with fine dried
grasses, the structure being rather
deep and with strong walls. The

THE OOLOGIST 015

female was sitting when I found her
home, and upon leaving the nest she
kept near utering quiet chirps; once
the male joined her, but neither mani-
fested over-anxiety at the intrusion of
their privacy. There were three eggs
in the nest. When I withdrew and
watched from a respectful distance,
the female was in no hurry to resume
her place, but when a female Redsart
chanced to flit into the nearby bushes,
the female Hooded Warbler snapped
upon the Redstart and chased it away
in a jiffy.

“On June 31 I visited the nest again,
and it contained four eggs. The fe-
male remained with the eggs, four in
number, until I moved a branch of the
bush, my hand only a foot from her;
then she darted off, and chirped quiet-
ly in nearby shrubbery. I moved away
to about twenty feet, and presently she
slipped back into the nest. While sit-
ting there the male visited her, stand-
ing so near his bill touched hers, and
they thus exchanged caresses before
he darted away. In each visit to this
nest I noticed a pair of Catbirds work-
ing across the ravine in the shrubbery
adjacent to this nest, but the War-
blers seemed to pay no attention to
their presence. This pair of Catbirds
had a nest in a nearby shrubby tangle,
and it is only fair to their reputation
to state that during the season in
in which both nests progressed to ma-
turity and successful issue, the Cat-
birds did not appear to notice the
warbler household.

Brown Thrasher. The Brown
Thrasher is common in the ravine
angles in the borders of domestic as-
sociations. Several pairs were nest-
ing in the surrounding shrubbery of
Bear Mountain Inn. On June 2 I
found a nest in the edge of a sapling
cluster bordering the Inn grounds. A
birch sapling had been lopped off and
- left lying on the undergrowth, and un-

der the horizontal sapling stem, on a
mass of crushed twigs, the bulky nest
of the Brown Thrasher was made,
about three feet from the ground.
There were young about a week old in
the nest, and the parent birds both re-
sented my presence by saying “pure-
err” and uttering their characteristic
smacking note. 3

5. Robin.. The Robin nested every-
where throughout the region in all the
centers of human associations. On June
2 I found a Robin’s nest near the nest
of Brown Thrasher just described. It
was in a sapling cluster, close to a
narrow path through a fringe of shrub-
bery. The site was an upright fork
of alder, about seven feet up, made
against the fork and adjajcent stems
so carelessly that later the nest was
tilted out of its place by wind sway-
ing the stems.

6. Red-eyed Vireo. The Red-eyed
Vireo was common throughout the
park in all margins and broken wood-
lands. On June 3 I found a nest of
this Vireo in a small oak, at the outer
part of a low branch, the site being
about two feet from a corner of a
small building used for storing oil. The
nest was made as usual in a small
fork of twigs, suspended by the brim,
about five feet from the ground. The
female was sitting on three eggs,
which proved to be the full com-
plement. I visited this nest frequent-
ly, and generally the sitting bird would
remain in it until I touched the leaves
near the nest and pulled it slightly
toward me.

7. Long-billed Marsh Wren. This
species was very common in_ the
marsh between Iona Island station and
the Bear Mountain Inn premises. The
chittering songs of these wrens arose
from all parts of the marsh in late
May and early June. Late in May I
located a nest in the edge of the marsn
along the road, and then examined it,

16 THE OOLOGIST

but it was empty and I was not cer-
tain whether it was a real nest or one
of the dummies constructed by the
male. On June 5 I examined this nest
again, and it contained four eggs. No
female appeared to be interested as I
inspected the nest, but males were
singing nearby and one particular male
was working on a dummy less than
a hundred feet away. This occupied
hest was partially in view from the
road, in strong cat-tails, and was simi-
lar to a cocoanut in form and size,
with thick walls of soft brownish stems
interwoven with fresher greenish ma-
terial, lined with down from the cat-
tail heads, with the opening in one
side.
(To be continued)
Paras cur hy ree ee We ne
“Bill” a Swainson Hawk

I saw a large nest in a thorny loc-
ust tree up about fifteen feet and on
closer examination found two young
Swainsons almost ready to leave. So
by sailing my hat at them hastened
their departure. They didn’t fly far
and when they lit, in some tall grass,
they couldn’t rise again. One got
away soon after I caught them so I
just had the one in the photoleft. It
was very interesting to watch it work
away at a rabbit or swallow a mouse
whole, which he did when he was
hungry. But if he had already eaten
four or five he always tore them in
two.

Our old cat never tried to steal his
food but once, that time she learned a
valuable lesson. After he had been
with us for about a month I made him
take a mouse or a rat on the fly. I
would come within the radius of his
pocket string and hold a mouse up by
the tail and whistle in imitation of
his scream and he would fly straight
at the mouse. I always gave it a toss,
I don’t think he ever missed one and
I have thrown as high as thirty feet.

“troit, Mich.

Late in the fall I turned him loose
to follow his own instincts. I certain-
ly had a great deal of pleasure with
him besides learning a good many
things about him and his habits.

Logan I. Evans.

RED-TAIL- HAWK EGGS

March 6, 1903. P. E. Moody, M. D.
Detroit, Mich. One heavily marked
on large end and one side balance
lightly marked. One lightly marked.

2.02 X 1.86, 2.46 x 1.88.

May 12, 1901. J. Claire Wood, De-
Two fairly well marked.
2.40 x 1.86, 2.30 x 1.86.

April 8, 1904. J. Claire Wood, De-
troit, Mich. Two fairly well clouded
over the entire surface.

2.09 X 1.89, 2.85 x 1.92.

April 24, 1901. J. Warren Jacobs,
Waynesburg, Pa. One well clouded
with a few heavy marks on small
end. One well clouded over the entire
surface.

2.45 x 1.85, 2.93: x 1.87.

April 16,, 1893. W. H. Spicer, De-
troit, Mich. One very heavily marked
on large end, balance marked with
small spots. One unmarked.

2.02 K-81), j2:39 "x 1286:

April 13, 1902. J. Claire Wood, De-
troit, Mich. One well marked. Two
slightly marked.

2.08 X 1.88, 2.38: x 1:87,; 2.32 eee

March 26, 1896. Frank C. Willard,
Galesburg, Ill. Two fairly well mark-
ed. One lightly marked. ;

2.50 x 1.89, 2:53 x 1.91, 2.45 xo

April 4, 1903. Walter C. Wood, De-
troit, Mich. Two very heavily spotted
over entire surface and one nearly un-
marked.

2.40 x 1.92, -2.31°X 1.92, 2.30 x fe

March 27, 1907: S: -S:-igkey,
Waynesburg, Pa. One with a very
few marks scattered over the entire
surface and one unmarked.

goo & 195: 2.34 2 oe

THE OOLOGIST

17

eoolvA “Y ‘IT Aq 0JOFTG—
sseuBh 394} Ul BulzyIs YMeY UOSUIeEMS VY

VOdIvVA “YY Aq OJOYG—
poyono} Bulsq ysuieHe Buljsojzoud YMEH UOSUIeEMS

i. eae THE OOLOGIST

Cowbird Impositions

I found Cowbird’s eggs in nests of
nearly all of our different Sparrows,
Orioles, Vireos and other small birds,
but I believe finding a Cowbird’s egg
in a Phoebe’s nest
More so when the Phoebe’s nest is in
a house. The nest shown in the en-
closed picture was found inside an old
deserted log house over the door lead-
ing into the kitchen to the parlor, if
such you can call the main living
room of the typical Ozark pioneer’s
' residence. The cowbird had to enter
the house by a window to get to the
Phoebe’s nest and personally I believe
this is the limit. To get sufficient
light to take the picture we had to
take the nest out doors and attach it
to the foundation where it is now
shown. The nest was found May 7,
1915 and the eggs are now much
prized specimens of my collection.

Another extraordinary place for a
cowbird’s egg was in a Mockingbird’s
nest in a peach tree,—the cowbird’s
egg being smaller than the owners.
Still another unusual victim was a
Wood Thrush’s nest on a white oak
bough. which contained two of the
owner’s eggs and one of the Lazy
birds.

The Blue Brosbeak is one of the
worst preyed on birds. In a nest near
a pasture a few years ago I found
three cowbird’s eggs in varous stages
of incubation and one Grosbeak’s egg
nearly ready to hatch. Another nest
contained two Cowbird’s eggs and two
Grosbeaks. One rarely finds a nest
of this species that has not been
visited by a Cowbird.

William Plank,
Decatur, Ark.
Ea ACS A es
Unusual Nesting Site of the Rough-
winged Swallow
..By S. S. Dickey, Washington, Pa...
There are occasional reports of

is very unusual. .

Rough-winged Swallows nesting in
sewer pipes at the margins of streams.
In fact, I myself found these birds
inhabiting such places in a_ stone
wall along the Potomac river near
the border of Washington, D. C.

However, on May 17 last, while I
was down at my old home in Waynes-
burg, Pennsylvania, I caught sight of
some rough-wings which gracefully
glided about the lawn of a little park
which borders on open hilly country
near our house. Eventually one of
these birds came flying down a paved
street at the edge of the park and
entered an old tile drain pipe which
jutted a few inches from a recently
cut perpendicular clay bank that bor-
ders on the street. There is a brick
house eight feet back of the bank and
a large church building thirty feet
across the street.. Forty feet below is
the main street of our town along
which is much traffic every day.

Investigations which I made here
revealed numerous weed stalks, coarse
grass, and a few small twigs which
the birds had dropped below the open-
ing. This led me to believe the swal-
lows were nesting, so I probed the
interior of the pipe with a slender
stick and out came the mother bird.

May 24, Mr. R. C. Harlow came
down to spend the week end in the
field with me and upon my showing
him the nesting site he remarked that
it seemed indeed an exceptional place
for the home of the species.

Some days later I had the good for-
tune to again investigate the place
and found the swallows carrying
green leaves into tlieir home in the

pipe. Then on June 22 the young
could be heard when I appeared at
the opening. Thus I am satisfied that
the swallows nested and _ brought
forth their young in this strange se-

clusion.

THE OOLOGIST Vv

WANTED—Volumes 1
Thorburn’s British Birds.

ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

WANTED—American Ornithology Vol.
VI; Oologist Vol. XXVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-
ogist and Oologist Vol. XI; Various
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of
Journal Maine Ornithological Society;
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, etc. H. -H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

FOR EXCHANGE—Sets 123a-5. One
runt 373d-4, 486-4, 722an/6, 1918 col-
lected. HHNRY W. DAVIS, Box 844,
MulAmiTeAGity, IN. J.

EXCHANGE—First class sets with
data. Nothing back 1915. Would be
glad to have your list and year collect.
ed. HENRY W. DAVIS, Atlantic City,
N. J. Box 844.

EXCHANGE—A- sets of 364, 203, 352.
Desire shore birds, especially 261, 281,
277a. All letters answered. ERNEST
K. SCHLEICHERT, U. S. Geological
Survey, Washington, D. C.

WANTED—A. L. singles, small holes,
388; 387, 622e; several each. Old U. S.
postage stamps, previous to 1890, either
unused or A. I. used with small can-
cellation. ‘GHO: W. H. VOS BURGH,
56 Maple Ave., Columbus, Wis.

EXCHANGE—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
Will also sell or

pound microscope. q
Write. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

WANTED—A mounted Albino Squir-
rel or skin suitable to mount. O. S.
BIGGS, San Jose, III.

MISCELLANZXOUS.
FO RSALE—A High- class collection

614 Walnut St., Ver-

sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.
EXCHANGE—One Telescope, French
make, three sliding joints, 14 1-2 in.
long extended, 4 1-2 in. closed. Good
i Will trade for sets.
? LEWIS. LUNS-
FORD, 27 N. Union St., Petersburg, Va.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.00
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer. Et;
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXPERT FIELD NATURALIST COL-
LECTOR—W ould travel in South Amer-
ica, Central America, West Indies or
i Expert in prepara-
tion of large and small mammal and
Bird. Skins. Would collect in branches
of Mammaloge, Ornithology, Concholo-
ge, Entomology and Botany for Private
Collector or Institution. Parties mean-
ing business address JOHN W. DAN-
‘IELS, Jr., Western State Hospital,
_ Staunton, Va.

. white squirrels.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

WANTED—Geological specimens of any
kind from Western U.S. Can offer many
Eastern specimens. Will also purchase if
desirable. Want live pupae from Western
U.S. Correspondence solicited with geoglo-
gists, entomologist and oologists. LOUIS
S. Kohler, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorue, N. J.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies._Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS 8S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALHE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No.3 Bulls
eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi-
tion. Ask $5.00, cost $9.00. Send offers of ex-
change. JOHNSON NEFF, Marionville, Mo.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
uainted with active Oologist in New York
ity, Westchester Co., or ey with view
to expeditions next s L. S. please
write. RAYMOND F LLER, White Plains,
WRB. DINO: 1

FOR EXCHANGE-— Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene lyna
Hybrid) Also many natives. Want A No.1
sie of 288, B64. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

Eastman’s vest Pocket Enlargin Camera
to exchange, or sent prepaid for $1. 00. Set.
Taxidermy lessons, costing $10.00 for sale for
$2.00. “Life of Audubon” by St. John, 311
pages, 1869, 85c. “Check List New York
Bird” by Farr, 216 pages, 50c. Geological Sur-
vey Bulletin No. 45, 30c. EMERSON STON-
ER, Benicia. Calif.

Who has skins or mounted fox squirrels,
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-

_ change for Oologists Ornithologists ete., in

the entire U.S.

I have for exchange the following books.
«ll in good condition. Fisher’s ““‘Hawks and
Owls”. Cory’s “Birds of Ills.—Wis.” Birds
of Ohio, Two Vols. by W. E. D Dawson. The
Warblers of North America by Chapman.
Ind. Dept. of Geology and Natural Resources,
22d annual report. Feathered Game of the
North East, by Walter I. Rich. “‘Birdcraft”’
by Mable Osgood Wright. ‘‘Birdneighbors”’
by Neltje Blanchan. ‘Nat’l History” by San-
born Tenny A. M. 500 engravings C. Scribner,
1866. “Birds of Eastrn N. America” Chap-
man. ‘“Decentof Man”.Darwin. “Catalogue
Canadian Birds’’ Jno. Jas. Macoun. ‘Nests
and Eggs North American Birds”, Darie, 4th
Ed. ill exchange for eg?s in sets. GER-
ARD ALAN ABBOTT, Birmingham,
Michigan.

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

‘“‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific
but edited in such a way that a be-
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study’’ can easily un-
derstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

Qur subscription rates are $1.50 per year in
the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
_ Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

READ

“Blue- Bird”’

Pubilshed in co-operation with
the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’
Association, and devoted ‘to

Bird Study and

Conservation
$1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
AGENTS WANTED

NO FREE COPIES

Address
EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R.
1010 Euclid Ave. |
CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE OOLOCIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No. 2. ALBION, N. Y., Fes. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 379

Oregon Junco’s nest and eggs
—Photo by Moody, Mullin, Id.

il THE OOLOGIST _
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS

Wanted,

for each 25 words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 cent.

serted for less than 25 cents.

Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 26 eents

No notiee in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same. L
exchanges of such specimens for

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
scientific collecting

purposes only.—EDITOR.

in answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and

thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, II}.

MALE SKINS WANTED—679, 676, 658,
622, 612, 611, 597, 547. State lowest
price when writing. J. P. BALL, 5001
Frankford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

WANTED-—Skin or mounted specimen of
the Passenger Pigeon. (315) WINCHESTER
Pee HISTORY MUSEUM. Winches-
er, N. H.

PASSENGER PIGEONS: Have one
mounted bird in fair condition to ex-
change for -best offer in rare sets.
RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College,

Pennsylvania.

W ANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write HE. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
oul slightly wingtipped this will not

ter.

For them I will pay a good
price. ‘R. M. Barnes, _Lacon, Tu.

FOR EXCHANGE— [havea beautiful, _well-
mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each
of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I
will exchange for good set of eggs. GERARD
ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores.
Michigan.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

I desire to exchange bird skins and Butter”
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot Guns, Double Bar”

rel, preferred. Goodcondition. D. V. HEM-
BREE. Roswell, Ga.

FOR SALE or HXCHANGEH, choice
collection of mounted Animals, Skele-

tons, Birds, American or Foreign, Fish
and Reptiles. Send for list. CHICAGO
ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, Chicago.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken
in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including Buropean
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Hagles, etc. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

-both coasts.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notices
for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap-
preeciate it if you would arrange the
numerals in your exchange netice in
their numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
CHER, Norton, Kansas. Box 455.

WANT SHTS—Some quite common
from Northwestern U. S. and Canada.
Offer in exchange sea bird sets from
All letters answered. F.
M. CARRYL, Maplewood, N. J.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RiCHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE—30, 70, 74, 77, 125,
132, 191, 194, 201, 202, 208, 225, 263, 2738,
316, 326, 327, 331, 339, 343, 364, 365,
375, 4124, 4138, 421, 457, 458, 475,
(V.S.) 494, 498¢, 501b, 505a, 506, 508,
511, 519, 538, 563, 584, 5938, 611, 616, 624,
631, 704, 705, 713) 7174, 721a, 125, 765,
756, 758, 761, 766. Also stamp Collection
for eggs. T. E. McMULLEN, 433 Bailey
St., Camden, N. J.

EXCHANGE—6 1-4,

12 1-1, 65 I1-
194 2-4 1-

ERNEST A, BUTLER, 6314 Opal St., i
Philadelphia, Pa.

WANTED-—A-1 Sets of all birds eggs,
common or rare, with data, or in broken
sets with data. JOHNSON NEFF,

Marionsville, Mo.

TO EHXCHANGE—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

LISTEHEN—If you want to
your entire collection of eggs, it will be
to your advantage to write me. I es-
pecially desire rare Raptores, Waders
or other rare North American Speci-
mens. B. R. BALES, M.D., No. 149 West
Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

dispose of

THE OOLOGIST 1]

EGGS— Continued

The following personally taken sets
to exchange for first class skins or
books. Smaller species with nests.
2, 6, 7, 77, 146,:462, 466a, 475, 488b, 497,
498f, 508, 510, 529a, 560a. J. A. MUNRO,
Okanagan Landing, ean Ces

FOR EXCHANGE—Eggs in sets; A.
©. U. Nos. 141-143, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gleveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,
Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
DEN, 47 S. Eighth St., Salt Lake City,
Utah.

WANTED-—Sets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and Ahlornado Falcons. I have
many Bird magazines for-exchange or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VII No.1. C. M. CASE,
306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, Conn.

WANTED—Lists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. HE.
PRICE, Grant Park, IIl.

W ANTED-—Singles or broken sets in quan-
‘tities, or small lots; also books on Taxidermy,
curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.,
Dayton, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE — European’ and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
can species. W. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
sifted, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired. on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F.
GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., 8., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and eggs,
over 100 kinds unionidie. Wanted any-
pete. DR. W. S. STRODE, Lewistown,
lllinois. =

WANTED—A heavy marked set of
Sharp-shinned Hawk taken by a reli-
able collector. Will pay cash or ex-
change. RALPH W. JACKSON, R .No.
1, Cambridge, Maryland.

EXCHANGE of personally collected
sets desired with reliable collectors.
Send lists. Have fine sets of 105.2 and
others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260,
298, 332, 344, 393c, 399, 463, 521, 573, 583,
685, ete. J. H. BOWLES, The Wood-
stock, Tacoma, Wash.

WANTED-—Choice sets of anything
from Nos. 514 to 605 inclusive and
choice sets of finches from any part of
the world wanted especially Longspurs
and variety sets. Also sets or series of
261, 498, 501, 619, 703 and 761. Good
Huropean and other sets offered in best
condition. kK. L, SKINNER, Brooklands
Estate Office, Weybridge, England.

WANTED First Class, complete sets, all
species of Eagles, Kites. Falcons. Loons,
Tropic birds, Hawks. Owls, Vultures, Wad-
ers, Warbler~. Finches. Send lists in full
“ees terms. Dr. M. T. CLEC KLEY, Augus-

a. Ga.

FOR EXCHANGE— Following Alsets. with
data-—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4,
375d 1-2. 617 5, 685b 1- 3, and others, for sets
needed in my collection. C. BA DGER, Santa
Vaula, Calif.

FOR SALE-A fine white oak cabinet suit-
able for birds, nests, eggs, or other natural
history specimens. Contains 20 adjustable
drawers. Details uponrequest. S.S. DICK-
EY, 212 East Maiden St., Washington, Pa.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full
sets. J. C. HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-

WANTED-—Set of all kinds, common and
rare, containing one or more eggs of any kind
of Cowbird. Good sets offered in exchange.
a ae BOWLES, The Woodstock, Tacoma,

ash.

WANTED—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet Tanager, Indigo Bunting, Gold Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. Chicago. Nl.

WANTED-—A- ‘1s sets of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have full data.
Can exchange A-1 ‘shells or cash. Write what
you have, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-
LER, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

CORRESPONDENCE DESIRED WITH
COLLECTORS WHO CAN SUPPLY THE
FOLLOWING WANTS: — 293a-294-300a-300b-
311-332-336- 337-337b- 373e-377-414- 420-467-483-501a-
501b-501c- 507-509- 51la-513a-602- 619-627a- 628-630-
633.1- oe 71-687.

v.H. E. WHEELER. Conway, Ark.

WANTED—A 1st class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B.S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR. EXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Snowy Plover (with nest), Pacific
Horned Owl, Vaux Swift, Black Swift,
Golden Pileolated Warbler, and scores
of others. We desire in exchange excep-
tional nest-and-egg material of every
description, especially foreign if well
authenticated. “A drawer to a species”
iS OU Motto: 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

WANTED—FEntire collections of eggs,
also eggs of Rare North American
Birds. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I1l.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,
Bird Books and a pee BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield, N. Y.

<

BOOKS.

WANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State
edition, condition of books and best
cash price. EF. E. FORD, Chardon, O.

THE WARBLER—Second series.

of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
$1.00. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y.

Desirable bird books for sale or exchange
for other books on birds or insects. Sets of
Condor, Ridgeway, etc. L. R. REYNOLDS,
2971 Pacific Ave., San Francisco, Calif.

WANTED — UeDrey: Vol. IV No. 3 and
index: New Series I Nos 4, 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Bale Cheap. Some early
volumes and single copies of Oa@logist, many
Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of
iclibaet JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa’ City,
owa 9.

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R. E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FOR SALE -Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar per volume. carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P. Quebec.

WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols
1-9incl., Bird Lore Vols. 1and 2 incl., Nos.
and 2 of Vol. 3; No. 1 of Vol. 7; The Oologist of
Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.
The Ornithologist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.
ue KF. BOLT, 1431 Prospect Ave., Kansas City.
MO.

W ANT-— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Oolugist. Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. L. W.
Maynard, RALPH W.JACKSON, R. No. 1.
Cambridge, Md.

FOR SALE—Vols4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What am I offered. GEO. E. OSfERHOUT,
Windsor, Colorado.

WANTED—Back numbers of many

nae

dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bull.
Cooper Club, etc. to exchange. A. C.
BENT, Taunton, Mass.

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or
ut of print North American Amateur ane
rade Publications in existence. Price

R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il.

FOR EXCHANGE—Osprey Mae os ut

W. H. BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

THE OOLOGIST

EXCHANGE-—Large number of ote nfeely
and other bird magazines. A few sets nic
prepared of common land birds. Part V
“Birds of North and Middle America” pe
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or
exchange. Also° Birds of Washington, D.C.
and ee by Mrs. L. W. Maynard.
RALPH W. JACKSON, Cambridge, Route 1,
Maryland.

1 1908, and January,
1911, numbers of The Auk. State price,
or can offer a few personally taken sets
of eggs. HAROLD M. HOLLAND, Gales-
burg, Il.

WANTED—Baird Brewer
ways Water Birds.
ways & Bird Notes.

& Ridg-
Thompson’s By-
Bird Lore, Vols.

1-15 inclusive. W. D. RICHARDSON,
4215 Prairie Ave. Chicago, 2-3t
W ANTED—Oologist Vol. III No. 2;

Vols. IV, V, VI; Vol.. IX, No. 11% Vol.
XVI, No. 8. “Birds of HEssex County,
Mass.’ “Putnam Catalog of the Birds
of Connecticut,” by Linsey; “Familiar
Science and Fanciers Journal,’ Vols. 5
and 6. HARRY S. HATHAWAY, Box
1466, Providence, R. I.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—The Oologist
for 1913 with September No. missing;
for 1914 complete; 1915 complete; 1916
with October and December missing;
for National Geographic Magazines,
Skins for mounting or large single eggs.
Can furnish fresh skins of Black & Tur-
key Vultures for others. J. J. WIRZ,
1671 Broad St., Augusta, Ga.

WANTED—Good prices paid for the

following following magazines: The
Oologist, Januy and Feby 1887; April
1889; also Nos. 232, 266, 270, 300. The

Osprey, Vol. 3, Nos. 9 & 10; Vol. V, Nos.
E . New Series Nos. 4 & fee Nidiolo-
gist, — I, Nos. 38, 5, 6; Wilson Bulletin
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 82, 84, 92, 95, 96, 97 and all
old U. S. Stamps before 1870, singles,
pairs, strips, also on the covers, must
be in fine condition. LAUREN TREMP-
IHR, 136 N. Dewey St., Philadelphia, Pa.

W ANTED—Oologist of Utica, N. Y.,
Vols. 1-5; Ornithologist and Oologist
Vol. 6, numbers 8, 10, 11, index and title
page; Vol. 7, index and title page; Vol.
8, numbers 4, 11, 12, index and title
page. Nidiologist, Vol 1, numbers 1 and
2. Osprey, Vol. 1, numbers 2, 4 and 6;
and other discontinued ornithological
magazines. Will pay reasonable prices.

FOR EXCHANGE—Ornithologist and
Oologist volumes 15 and 16 complete,
and several numbers of Volumes 9-14.

Bird Lore Vol 1, numbers 1, 5 and 6;
Vol. 2, numbers 1, 4 and 6; Vol. 3, num-

. bers 5 and 6; Vol. 4, numbers 1, 2 and 6;

Vol 5, number 5; Vol. 6, number 6; Vol.
7, number 2; Volumes 13 and 16 com-
plete.

Osprey Vol 2, numbers 1, 3, 6 and 7,
Vol. 3, number ie

Bendire’s Life Histories, Vol. 1; Nel-
son’s Natural History Collections Made
in Alaska; Turner’s Contributions to
the Natural History of Alaska; For-
bush’s Useful Birds and their Protec-
tion. R. W. WILLIAMS, Department of
Agriculture, Washington, D. C

WV

>

© THE OOLOGIST. ©

VoL. XXXVI. No.2 ALBION, N. Y., Furs. 1, 1919. WHOLE NO. 3879

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, fll.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December-issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

. Entered as second-class. matter December 21. 1908, at the post office at
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

SEEN INVALINC EIN NNN NENA

:

AN

i

PERMITS

Under the new Bird Law it is necessary for
‘all collectors to get both State and Federal Per-
mits, to collect or to have on hand specimens of
either Mounted Birds, Skins, or Birds Nests and
Kggs. You get the State Permits from your local
authorities. You get your Federal Permits from
the Biological Division of the Department of Agri-

NA?
ws

}

e
e

a5

AN

WPAN

culture, at Washington. They will send the neces- S

sary blanks for applying for these permits, with- ah
. e

out expense. Be sure to get your permits early, ts

and then be sure that you keep within the laws
after you get them. Then you will have no trouble.
R. M. Barnes.

PN

;

WAN

:

AUN NA ANNA

i!
DNS

STL AAI PN HAH HH

JAGAN

a

G i ‘ rah
“onal Muse®~ 7

20 THE OOLOGIST

Around Red Lake by Launch
By L. E. Healey |

Northern Minnesota has been called
the “Rendevous of the American
Sportsman.” Whether such a name
is now considered apropos by the
hunter it is hard to say. There was a
time not very far removed from the
present day when her areas abounded
in the most magnificent forests of the
continent. These forests were inhabi-
tated by elk, caribou, moose, deer,
bear, and her less wooded areas by
grouse, her lakes by ducks and geese,
her streams by beaver; her waters
abounded. in fish and her blue skies
in the flight of birds. The ruling

hand of this happy hunting ground
was the American Indian who lived
here unmolested and was master of
all he surveyed. These days of wild
life are fast and disappearing—are
gone. The advent of civilization with
the lumberman, the hunter and trap-
per followed closely by the sportsman
and settler has wrought great
changes in this, nature’s playground.
Her forests are depleted and well nigh
gone; her elk and caribou have dis-
appeared; laws have been enacted
protecting the lives of the remaining
moose, deer, fur-bearing animals and
edible fowl; and the Indian has been
crowded onto Reservation and mucn
to the chagrin of the chief of the
feather with belt of wampum, his
children have been placed in schools
and taught the mode of life and the
ways of the white man—all in this
glorious country of the Creator’s handi-
work. But her lakes, surely man in
his greed for wealth can not molest
the beauty of her meriad sheets of
water for which the state is famous.
Ah no, it is still a garden of lakes,
thousands of them, beautiful expanses
of water that invite the hunter and
the pleasure seeker and many of them
still in the wilds. And yet the writer

knows of one lake, Thief Lake, in
Eastern Marshall County which in
1916 and for years prior thereto, was
the best duck breeding pond and con-
sequently duck hunting area in this,
the northwestern portion of the state.
This lake was something over ten
miles long and four miles wide, was
the home of thousands of ducks and
wild geese, and the balm of comfort
to the moose and deer during fly
season when they would go into the
water and dip themselves to the very
nostrils. What has become of this
lake? Where was it last fall, the fall
of 1917? We drove from our home
town by car to investigate before
bunting season which in this. state
opens September fifteenth and behold,
a veritable sand storm was sweeping
it from end to end, now a desert which
was once a lake. Through its center
was a high pile of dirt marking the
course of a State Ditch. The lake had
succumbed to the drainage system laid
out by the state engineers and her
surface is now thrown open to home-
stead entry. Mud Lake has suffered
a similar fate as no doubt have many
others not named or shown on the
maps. To the writer there is a cer-
tain sadness connected with this utter
destruction of the nesting sights of
thousands of our water fowl. If it
has the sense of realization, the water
fowl which has for generations back
and for their own life period nested
here, must feel like the youth of the
wild timber lands who returns from
the village miles distant to find his
home utterly destroyed and nothing
but ashes remaining to mark the spot
which all his life he has known as
home. But the larger lakes and the
deeper ones will always remain; and
so stands Red Lake in the heart of an
Indian Reservation, still forested,
still wild, still as nature has made
her, majestic, awe-inspiring, a broad

a ee

THE OOLOGIST 21

We found fishing off McMehan good
—Photo by L. E. Healey

expanse of waterstretching out to
meet the sky, forty-five miles in its
longest reach and twenty-five miles
wide, regular in outline, an inland sea
without a single island to dot its sur-
face, the largest fresh water area
totally within the confines of the
United States. It was to this, a still
remaining vistage of primeval Minne-
sota, that two lovers of the wild, hear-
ing the call, set out on July eighth
in the year of our Lord nineteen hun-
dred and seventeen to drink of the
glorious air, bathe in the sparkling
waters, to be free in God’s great out
of doors.

We were disappointed in not being
able to make the trip during bird nest-
ing season, the glorious month of June
when all nature puts on her lovliest
gown and her feathered creatues vie
with each other in their mad revel of
song. It had been our object in this
long planned trip to study these fairy
friends and thus be able to report
more fully upon bird life about Red
Lake and the marshes immediately
tributary thereto, but at so late a date
most of the songsters had ceased to
sing and were too busy rearing a hun-
gry family to give us the opportunity

of even knowing of their immediate
presence, either that, or the wilder
the country, the fewer the song birds;
and I am inclined to believe the latter
to be true. In this respect our entire
trip of nearly three hundred seventy
five miles by water was conspicuous
in the absence of bird life. True we
saw a bird life we were not so familiar
with of which I shall speak as my
story progresses, but we were im-
pressed with the thought that God
placed these feathered creatures in
the world for man, and they knowing
full well their mission, take up their
abode heroicly near those who seek
to destroy much less know their
habits, and hear so little of heir efforts
to cheer the weary mind and sing the
glory of their maker.

The Red Lake River is the outlet
of Red Lake. It leaves the Lake at
the southwest corner and flows in a
general direction westward to the
border line between Minnesota and
North Dakota where it joins the Red
River of the North in a grand fork at
Grand Forks, thence making its way
northward threugh the far famed Red
River Valley, the bread basket of the
world, emptying its muddy course in

22 THE OOLOGIST

We took dinner that day at Neptune Bay
—Photo by L. E. Healey

the Arctic waters of the Hudson Bay.
From Thief River Falls, the
large town up the River to Red Lake
Falls, the parental home of “Bud” and
myself, the river leaps from one rapids
to another in its mad rush seaward,
except where man has dammed its
course in three places to force it to
give of its power. It was impossible
on this account to begin our journey
by boat from home. We shipped by
freight to Thief River Falls, and Sat-
urday saw us nicely on our way inthe
back water of the last dam. Our boat
was a sixteen foot launch with a two
horse power stationery engine. It was
equipped with all-weather top with
side curtains inclosing the entire boat
after the manner of the auto, and ex-
tra curtains of mosquito to proof net.
The writer built the whole outfit and
installed the engine, and he knew
every nail and rib, every stitch and
tack and he loved her, too, as a home
in the wilds. Before we tied that night
to an over-hanging tree, we had
climbed the last rapids and still had
one propeller to our credit. With this

we were more carful but the trip from
now on for the next fifty miles was
clear sailing until we reached High

last ©

Landing, the only Post Office that
might be designated a town on the
River after leaving Thief River Falls.

AS we progressed up the river the
next day, the higher banks were grad-
ually replaced by lower banks, the
rocky shores by fewer rock the heavy
hardwood timber by scattered groves
and the swift current by.more slug-
gish waters. So gradual was this
change that without at first realizing
it, we were that afternoon fully aware
of the fact that we were among un-
accustomed surroundings; that the
river had become choked with water
weeds, weeds such as one finds grow-
ing in muddy lakes; the shores had
become boggy; the. groves of poplar
timer had receded to far distances
from the course of the river and the
occasional farm house and homestead
shanty were few and far between.
The balance of fifty miles to the Lake
was destined to be frought with much
difficulty in keeping our propeller
free from weeds and our hides from
mosquito bites, although be it said in
favor of the pests, we Wwereg mon
troubled to the extent we had antici-
pated. Bird life had as gradually
changed from the birds of the woods

THE OOLOGIST 28

and fields, the birds of a more do-
mestic nature, to the birds of the
slough and reed and the birds of soli-
tary places. Instead of the noisy
kingfisher darting from his accus-
tomed perch on some overhanging
limb, watching with one eye for a fish
beneath and with the other on his
nearby home in the bank, we saw the
great blue heron wading. knee deep
in some frog pond, terrorizing the in-
habitants in true Hun style, and
startled by the approach of our sub-
marine chaser took its clumsy flight
up the river like some great aeroplane,
only to be again disturbed as before.
At nearly every quiet pool a family of
black ducks or scaups looked out be-
wildered perhaps for the first time at
the sight of man, and ever and anon
a sora rail sent out his noisy chal-
lenge at our approach. An occasional
American Bittern was startled from
the waters edge and large hawks were
seen at distances back among the
scattering groves.

In the swampy area which widens
as one approaches the iake, an oc-
casional rise of land might be seen,
an island as it were among the bogs.
Where such a place is near the river
it gives the semblance of a shore
where landing is possible. Strange to
say although few, yet each seemed to
have buildings, although as we dis-
covered, they were inhabitated for the
most part by Indians, the more so as
we neared the lake. After leaving
Highlanding where we _ replenished
our gasoline supply to the limit, for
we were to travel some 100 miles be-
fore we would again be able to get
more, we pushed on until it was al-
most dark before we could find a
place to even tie our boat. It was
where one of these rises of ground
came close to the river that gave us
mooring. There proved to be a fam-
ily of Scandinavians living on their

homestead close by. They had pros-
pered for they had a large hip-roofed
barn, a good house and much stock.
The boys were enthusiastic about our
outfit and we were invited to spend
the balance of the evening at their
home and destined to accept their
hospitable invitation to partake of the
comforts of a spring bed, to us our
last chance for a while. But, oh, for
the comforts of our bed in the boat.
The writer gave it up, finally dressed
after turning his underwear inside
out, and sat wondering how best to
spend the balance of the night which
he envied Bud who was sawing wood
with ease and comfort. Not that he
was more used to bed bugs than I
was, but I guess his hide was tougher
and they couldn’t make an impression.
I did succeed in getting a couple of
hours of sleep on the floor. That was
our last night for a while in—shall we
say civilization? The next morning
in our leave taking, we noticed the
accustomed English Sparrows about
the barn. It impressed us forcibly
away out on this frontier. With what
rapidity and in what great numbers
is this pest of the bird family inflict-
ing its presence on civilized man to
the remotest corners of the continent.
The day is coming when the problem
will have to be met.

We took dinner that day at Neptune,
a store and post office, the last in our
course for many miles. Having re-
plenished our larder we began our
last. stretch of forty miles through
the swamps. At times it was difficult
to determine the true course of the
river; at times we run aground and
were forced to turn back to try a dif-
ferent opening among the reeds and
wild rice; and ever present were the
water weeds which danced the tango

_ with our propeller and got all wrapped

up in their delight, so wrapped that
our little engine labored hard to keep

24 THE OOLOGIST

up the merry whorl of the dance until
we would turn off the switch, cut
loose the weeds and begin anew. This
was always disastrous to actual time
spent on the journey up stream, for
there is a current in the main channel
which would at such times take us
back several rods. The bottom of the
main channel is firm and sandy. As
we neared the lake the channel be-
came more narrow, the reed banks
more defined and the water more
swift. We were finally so hemmed
in by the tall reeds that we could not
see “over the top” even by standing
up on the deck of our boat. Of a sud-
den we rounded one of the many sharp
bends and came into full view of the
magnificent sheet of water stretching
as far as the eye could reach to meet
the sky. To one who has never be-
held a sheet of water that he can
not see across the earth’s curvature
is very marked and the water seems
to rise in a hill before his gaze. The
view to us was very inspiring. We
ran our boat out into the lake at six
thirty p. m., Monday evening, having
left Thief River Falls the Saturday
before at six p. m. We had traveled
an approximate distance of one hun-
dred miles in twenty continuous hours
of travel, our rate up stream averag-
ing five miles per hour.

Immediately in front of the outlet
and out in the lake about three or
four hundred yards rest two steamers,
grounded end to end, beat upon by
the waves, scarred and bruised by the
spring ice jambs, weather wrecked,
memorials of bygone days, days when
frontiersmen depended upon the rivers
and lakes as highways of trade before
the advent of railroads to transport
the necessary freight. These two
boats used to ply between Thief River
Falls and various lake points, Wash-

kish, Shotly, Ponema, Redby, and Red

Lake better known as the Agency.
They were built for passenger as well
as freight traffic. The larger of the
two, the McMehan, was a side wheeler
and in a fair state of repairs. The
engines were still good, the windows
most all whole and the cabin still con-
tained the springs of the beds. The
main deck was just out of reach of
the waves. It might be interesting to
state here that Red Lake is a very
shallow lake for its size, the deepest
place known not being over thirty
feet deep. The South Lake is deeper
than the North Lake. The shores of
both run out into the water very grad-
ually so that a half mile and in some

instances a mile out we could take

our boat pole and touch bottom. For
that reason a wind will soon kick up
the waters and the waves run high.
We had been warned to keep well to
the shore line and not attempt to cross
the lake. We found fishing off the
McMahon good so we put up for the
night and partook of the hospitality
of the bed springs in the pilots cabin
on the upper deck. During the night
the wind arose coming across the
lake and although we tied our boat
securely the wind had broken the
moorings. It was one of those cases
when one suddenly becomes aware
that something is wrong, a premonition
that he must awake. I found myself
suddenly standing in the middle of
the cabin floor, the wind howling
through the broken window pane. I
hurried without knowing why down-
stairs bare-footed, my night-gown
switched about my chilled limbs, back
to the stern of the boat where our
little craft was all but hanging to its
last rope, its side worn nearly through
from chaffing the boat to the rear. I
called lustily to Bud and a half hours
work put our boat in the lea of the
balance of the night. We were lucky
to have a boat at all. Had she broken

THE OOLOGIST 25

loose she would have headed with the
wind straight towards the outlet: and
down the stream towards home.

Amenities of Nomenclature.

Having been a reader and a frequent
contributor to the pages of The Oolo-
gist almost from the beginning, I
wish to take the liberty which is gen-
erally vouchsafed to us, “old boys,” of
saying somewhat, in a matter where-
in myself, and others, are in agree-
ment with a frequently expressed sent-
iment of the Editor of The Oologist:
Incessant changes necessitated, in a
manuscript which has engaged much
of my attention for fifteen years, by
the unending changes made in scien-
tific nomenclature, would often have
led me deliberately to curse the pro-
crustean ‘‘Law of Priority,’,—were I
not a clergyman!

It is quite bad enough to have the
specific name for our well-known Mal-
lard changed from the simple and
meaningful, ‘“boschas” to the cumber-
some and _ not-especially-distinctive
“platyrhynchos;” but it does grate up-
on the classic sensibilities of a student
to see perpetuated, by the Law of
Priority, the spelling, ‘“hyemalis,” for
no better reason than that an original
describer slipped up on his Latin!

Now, for a very gentle comment on
certain changes; not always changes
for the better. Many of us had grown
to love the Tern name, “Sterna.” To
us, it was a meaningful word. Now,
it is displayed by “Thalasseus, but
why? The Terns are by no means dis-
tinctively “sea”? birds. One stmilar
change, however, appeals to one; the
present vogue of calling the “Least”
Tern by the fit title, “Sternula.” One
does, per contra, vehemently protest
against the rather stilted substitution
of such titles as ‘“Onychoprion,”
(Sooty Tern), for Sterna. How un-
wieldly, for another turn, the present

scientific name of the Bridled Tern,
“Melanosterna anaetheta recognita.”
If we are to have a Melano-sterna,
why not, pray, Albo-sterna. And why
perpetuate a mis-spelling like ‘“anae-
theta,” (for anaestheta), and that, the
more, since the term, ‘anaesthetic,’
but inaccurately described the tem-
peramental quality thus sought to be
distinguished (in the Bridled Tern)?
And, what distinctiveness, will you
tell us, inheres with the term, ‘“recog-
nita,’ which merely chronicles the
sempiternal warfare being waged con-
cerning what Dr. Dwight has so witt-
ily termed, “millimeter races?” How
arbitrary and meaningless, again, the
sub-specific (Black Tern) title, “suri-
namensis.” We certainly have no
Surinam in. North America! To some
of us, this use appears to us quite as
futile as that of the term, “Arkansas”
for a Kingbird that never sees Arkan-
sas except during the migrations.

One cannot admire the false Latinity
of words like “exulans,’”’ Wandering
Albatross, and the coining of a mon-
grel-Latin term, “glupisha” out of a
sailor nick-name. One would also
question the genitive form, “kuhlii,”’
for one of the Puffin-form birds; in
which connection, moreover, one
would really like to know why we
must now substitute “‘Ardenna,”’ in
some cases, for “Puffinus?”’

Curiously enough, we have specific
words of absolutely identical mean-
ing, “creatopus” and “carnei-pes,”
“Pink-footed” and “Pale-footed’”’ Shear-
waters. Many scientific names give
one the impression of mere striving
after effects. For example, the sub-
stitution, (for good, old fashioned
“Puffinus” of ‘“Thyellodroma: (for the
Wedge-tailed Shearwater).

Referring again to the tern, kuhlii,
as applied, (by some), to the Cory
Shearwater number 87 (A. O. U.). Now

the Black-tail Shearwater is No. 97,, A.

———

26 THE OOLOGIST

O. U.; yet my kindly correspondent,
Herr, Nehrkorn, of Leipzig, maintains,
as do Godman, and others, that these
two are synonomous. (If you object to
my spelling of the word just used, let
me gently remind you that our well es-
tablished English word, ‘‘synonym”’ is
a mis-spelling of the Greek) How one
shudders to read, for the Black-capped
Petrel, the recent epithet, ‘‘diabolica.”
No wonder the poor creature is now
extinct! ‘

Lamentable, enough, it is to use an
equivocal English word; but how
much more unfortunate the use of
such a classical term as _ the .very
equivocal, “‘scalaris,’ (for a. Petrel).
In truth, the original coiner of. this
word should, for lucidity’s sake,have
tacked to his title the explicit explan-
ation, “means having feathers like

scales.” Confusion worse-confounded”’ .

marks the current treatment of some
allied races. The two conspecies of a
furtive Flycatcher have had the two
names, “Traill” and “Alder,” ‘“trailli’”
‘and “alnorum,”’ bandied about until
none but an expert any longer knows
which is which, or why! Really, one
would think that the blunder of one
set of nomenclatural interchanges of
this sort would have served to bring
about stability, but, no, indeed! As
regards the matter of specific sub-
division, with such plastic Genera as,
. for a conspicuous example, the Genus,
Octocoris. Now, we have no less than
twenty-three Horned Lark races, rec-
ognized, north of the Mexican Border.
Of these, two occupy, each, a curious-
ly proximate pair of tiny areas just
where Northern and Southern Cali-
fornia come together. And one of

‘these has received the entirely stilt-
ed sub-specific title, “‘Leucansiptila.”
Really, gentleman of the (Bird) Jury,
when even a classicist must hie to his
Greek and Latin Lexicon, whensoever
a new. “millimeter race” is brought

forth, it seems time to call out, im-
periously, for both simplicity and
clearness, (as well as accuracy!) in
the nomenclatural domain!.

How rife, in both classical and vul-
gar names, is inconsistency. We say
Sage “Hen,” but Prairie “Chicken.”
Again, some say Franklin ‘‘Grouse,”
others, Franklin “Spruce Partridge,”
and which is right? How unfortunate,
moreover, to perpetuate, in vernacular
language, so ridiculous a_ scientific
mis-statement as that involved, (both
in Europe and in America), in the
term, Oyster ‘‘catcher!” How utterly
arbitrary and meaningless, moreover,
the use of terms, once classic, but now
transferred to the vernacular, such,
for example, as the Term, “Prothono-
tary,’ (Warbler). Quite bad enough
it was that the original scientific name
should have been mis-spelled, but far
worse that some man’s fancy that
this Warbler’s beak bore a slight,
fancied resemblance to the quill-pen
of our fore-fathers should have been
embalmed ina name! For pity’s sake,
why not give this exqiusite Warbler
of the woodland river margins a fit-
ting and distinctive name, ‘River’
Warbler?

Through but an amateur, and an ob-
scure one, at that, I have always re-
belled against the A. O. U. Fiat dis-
placing the title, “American,” where-
soever occurring.

In the A. O. U. Lists, why, thus take
away, without replacing? We have
“Western” Robins, why not, then
“HMastern”’ Robins? And, even where
we have, not only Hastern and West-
ern but Southern, and perhaps, Cen-
tral, species and sub-species, why al-
ter a good, meaningful term like
“American,” in case of Genera involv-
ing, for America, but a single species,
Coot, Woodcock. (Yet requiring dis-
tinction from the corresponding Huro-
pean birds).

oF EEE

THE OOLOGIST 97

I fell to wondering, recently, why
the old-time specific name “erythro-
gaster,” (Barn Swallow), should be
changed to “tris,” for its final syllable.
The explanation was that, Hirundo
being feminine, and the adjective of
the third declension, and the specific
name of the nature, not of substantive
but of adjective, “tris’’ was the only
allowable rendering. An ornithologist
of equal acumen maintains that the
specific names are, not adjectives but
nouns, and that, he would seem to say,
must end the controversy. But, how
about “canadensis,” (for a certain
Warbler), and “aestuarinus” for the
latest developed of the Marsh Wren
sub-species, for Interior California) ?

The writer entirely disclaims any
attainment, whatever, in the lore that
transforms the amateur into a savant.
‘But he does believe himself, and thous-
who think and feel as he does, en-
_ titled to a hearing, as regards many
considerations, some of them obscure,
a few of them, perhaps, trifling, in
their isolation; yet all of them in the
aggregate, having a _ preponderate
bearing on _ scientific classification
and nomenclature. An amateur, for
example, finds it hard to restrain his
impatience when told that the place
where a certain equivocal specimen
was taken must be made known be-
fore the status of the specimén can
be determined. (To show how allthis
works out, in practice, I might be per-
mitted to say; that specimens of a
certain Thrush, taken by me, in
Wyoming, were pronounced te be
“swainsoni,” while similar birds taken
at the same altitude, and showiug the
very same (distinctive and un-swain-
son-like) breeding habits, in North-
western Nebraska, not many miles
away, were called ‘“almae!’”. One
‘does not wonder, after all this. hlow-
ing of hot and cold with the same
mouth, that “almae” should have been

wiped off the face of the map forever,
in face of which arbitrary ‘action
stands the fact that the Alma Thrush,
in temperament and in nesting habit,
is utterly distinct from the Olive
backed Thrush. (And to this agree
no less acute men than A. O. Treg-
anza and F. M. Dille).

The above has not been written,
either to exploit ones personality or
to provoke controversy; but rather in
the hope that the deliberately formed
opinions and the carefully digested
observations of amateurs who are, per-
haps, as correct classicists as the
Nomenclatures, may be weighed, dis-
passionately in the official balance,
yet not, in the final issue, be found
wanting.

P. B. Peabody.

Where Will It End?

Remember the American Buffalo,
Wild Pigeon, Carolina Paraquette,
Ivory Billed Woodpecker, and many
others.

The destruction of wild life, by our
modern “civilization” is simply appal-
ing. At a recent fur auction in St:
Louis, Mo., the following pelts were
sold, “besides thousands of others,”
as stated by the daily press:

900,000 Muskrat.

810,000 Russian Squirrel.
750,000 Mole.

300,000 Possum.

215,000 Skunk.

173,000 Marmots.

135,000 Nutria.

130,000 Raccoon.

118,000 Ermine.

106,000 Mink.

96,000 Japanese Mink.

77,000 Chinese Mink.
68,000 Australian Ringtail.
52,000 Kolinsky.

30,000 Red Fox.

10,000 Argentine Fox.

9,000 Japanese Fox.

)
.
|

28 THE OOLOGIST

8,500 Gray Fox. FOREIGN
6,100 Patagonian Fox 12,500 Australian Fox.
6,000 Marten. 14,500 Australian Opossum.
1,900 White Fox. 13,500 lbs. Australian Rabbit.
1,800 Russian Sable. 19,000 Australian Ringtail.
1,400 Bear. 3,500 Astrachan. -
1,200 Cross Fox. 185 Broadtail.
1,100 Silver Fox. 750 Chinchillona.
500 Badger. 2,900 Chinese Civit Cat.
400 Mountain Lion. 500 Chinese Raccoon.
321 Blue Fox. 2,200 Chinese Weasel.
130 Polar Bear. 1,065 Hare.
The foregoing represents the death 4,150 Japanese Marten.
of almost four million animals. And 33,000 Japanese Mink.
now comes the New York Fur Auction 900 Japanese Flying Squirrel.
Sales Corporation, and announces the 5,700 Karagon Fox.
sale of the following at its fall sale 2,950 Kitt Fox.
yet to come! This represents the 1,900 Hair Seal.
death of almost four million four hun- 38,500 Kolinsky.
dred thousand more animals as fol- 400 Leopard.
lows: 280,000 Mole.
. DOMESTIC 70,000 Nutria.
5,100 Badger. 2,400 Patagonian Fox. 5
1,000 Bear. . 525 Persian Lamb.
25 Polar Bear. 19,000 Russian Barunduki.
8,300 Beaver. 800 Russian Fitch.
3,600 Civit Cat. 32,000 Russian Marmot.
19,000 House Cat. 110,000 Russian Squirrel.
200 Ringtail Cat. 375 Russian Sable.
14,000 Wildcat. 450 Stone Marten.
58,000 Ermine. 2,000 South American Lamb.
650 Fisher. 7 Tiger.
120 Blue Fox. 785 Tasmanian Opossum.
650 Cross Fox. ALSO SUNDRIES CONSISTING OF
5,800 Grey Fox. 275 Dog.
21,000 Red Fox. 21,000 Tails and Paws.
660 White Fox. 12 Mountain Lion.
550 Silver Fox. 46 Pony.
7,000 Lynx. 10,300 Sundry Fox.
2,900 Marten. 100 Wool Seal.
76,000 Mink. 1,408 Astrachan.
_ 650,000 Muskrat. 9,646 Astrachan (dyed).
21,000 Muskrat (black) 19,000 Japanese White Coney.
175,000 Opossum. . °2,863 Fox. Z
4,900 Otter. 8,500 Japanese Flying. iv
55,000 Raccoon. 1,000 Mink.
145,000 Skunk. 50,071 Mole.
25,000 Wolf. 2,475 Kolinsky.

225 Wolverine. 135 Ermine.

THE OOLOGIST 29

23 lbs. Squirrel Tails.

63 Squirrel.

When we remember the about one
million men armed with the very
latest and best death dealing imple-
ments take the field against the wild
life of the United States every year,
we wonder where it will all end.

Winter Birds from the North

By H. H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Me.

The winter of 1918-19 so far has
been one of mild temperature as con-
cerns this section of the United States.
We have been led to expect migra-
tions of residents of the north only in
severe winters, yet, visitors from the
North-land are plentiful this winter.
Perhaps that means a lack of food in
the summer home of our visitors, or a
much colder winter to the north than
here. But whatever the reason they
have come and come in goodly num-
bers. .The Evening Grosbeaks are re-
ported from various sections of the
state. Bangor being the latest. Its
relative, the Pine Grosbeak, is also
here in numbers; a flock of a dozen
having just.made me a Sunday call
(Jan. 26th) one third of whom wore

the rose red of the adult male, the

others shading down to the slaty grey
of the female. Apples left on the
crabapple tree being the attraction;
these they attacted, digging into them
after the seeds, that being the only
part they appeared to care for. There
was some quarreling and scolding dur-
ing the process. Soon one left going
in the direction of another apple tree
some distance away, followed in a
little while by the rest of the flock.
These Pine Grosbeaks have been in
this neighborhood for over a month.
Knight in Birds of Maine records the
nesting of the Pine Grosbeak near
Jackman, Me. He also gives a lengthy
‘report of the breeding of some captive
birds that he had, the eggs he des:

cribes as greenish blue color, spotted
with black and lilac. <A set of five
deposited May 28th to June 7th meas-
ure as follows .92 x .69; .83 x .66;
O82 288% 270s 288"m) 69 Anches.
The Snowy Owl is another of our win-
ter visitors, two have been shot near
here this winter and a local hardware
dealer has the amounted specimens on
display in his window; these are very
handsome specimens. The winter of
1901-02 brought them here in large
numbers, some 125 being sent to vart-
ous taxidermists. 1905-6 also there
was a rather unusual flight fully 200
were killed that winter in Maine.

Knight reports ‘the examination of a
large number of stomachs of the
Snowy Owl taken in Maine and all of
which were practically empty, and it
seems probable that a lack of food is
the cause of their migration here.

Redpolls are reported in numbers
though I have noted: that they seem
most plentiful on the return migra-
tion sometime in March. Snowbirds
are also reported in large flocks. The
Robin while not a migrant of the
north must be placed in this list as
wintering here this year, several be-
ing reported from different localities;
these birds must subsist at this season
mainly on frozen apples and the ber-
ries of the mountain ash. While out
watching my visitors the Pine Gros-
beaks my attention was detracted by
the whistle of the wings of some fly-
ing ducks as they passed up the river;
later after my callers had gone |] went
down to the river to see if I could lo-
cate and identify the ducks, but was
unable to find them, they apparently
having gone further up the river as
there is plenty of open water this win-
ter.

The Downy Woodpecker
By H. H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Maine
While driving my grain binder

30 THE OOLOGIST

along the road this fall I had the
pleasure of witnessing for the first
time the Downy Woodpecker catch an
insect on the wing. I had never hap-
pened to have read of such an occur-
ence so I experienced all the thrills
of a new discovery, but alas, like
many an other discoverer and invent-
or some one had just been a little
ahead of me; some dozens of years in
my case. At the time I made mental
note that later; sometime in the win-
ter when not so rushed, I would note
my (discovery) ? in the Oologist. Mean-
while I have been reading Our Birds
in Their Haunts and there in. black
and white was my new discovery.
Fame had taken wings and flown
away. Yet, I deem the occurence
worth a line, for there may be some
one, like myself, who has never wit-
nessed the Downy Woodpecker in the
role of a ‘Flycatcher’ as indeed such
was his act. Downy was on the top
of one of a line of telephone poles
skirting the roadway. I was too far
away to be sure of his identity when
he left. the,pole and flying with a
motion similar to a Kingbird he dart-
ed off over the open field; some rods,
reaching its prey (some insect I sup-
pose) it hovered a moment as a Blue-
bird or Kingbird will when in the act
of catching a fly; then back again to
its perch on the top of the pole. I
witnessed all these movements suppos-
ing the bird to be a Bluebird and that
I was seeing what I had noticed many
times before. As I approached the
telephone pole the bird darted off the
top and around behind out of sight in
a characteristic woodpecker way. It
was then that I noticed that the sup-
posed bluebird was a Downy Wood-
pecker in a different and new role,
to me; a role in which the actor ap-
peared fully capable of performing.

The Downy is a common woodpecker
in this section; one we see most often,

as it is a frequent visitor to our orch-
ards and dooryards in search of food.
My acquaintance with this woodpecker
began when my interest in ornithology
was first aroused, at a very immature
age. A boy friend and myself not
knowing the proper time to look for
eggs; which we had commenced a
(collection)? of, and which consisted
mostly of Robins, Biuebirds and
Swallows at that time; the same
which for the reason of parental dis-
pleasure was packed in sheeps wool
in a box, kept well hid under the barn.
We had found a rotten stub of a Rock-
maple which had a small hole in’ it
about ten feet up from the ground,
from which flew a small Woodpecker
when we rapped on the stub. This-
was well along in June. We had
found a prize, something not in our
(extensive) collection; a prize we
wished the worst way, but we saw no
way to secure the eggs except to cut
the stub down, which we did forth;
with; the result was five very much
smashed up, naked Young Downy
Woodpeckers.

Well, my parents found this out
through some channel to me unknown
(I had neglected to mention our find )
and you can imagine the result. I
broke my eggs and gave up collecting
for the time being. Thus my early
acquaintance with the Downy Wood-
pecker began. This Woodpecker pre-
fers to nest in an orchard, but is also
found plentiful in stubs along the
shores of ponds and rivers; a swampy
tract recently overflown and _ there-
fore with many dead stubs is a rare
good chance for the Downy. They al-
ways use a hole as a nesting site;
drilling a new hole each year; they al-
so drill special holes in the fall or
early winter as a temporary refuge
during the winter, which are deserted
in the spring. The eggs average five
in number laid on a bed of fine chips

THE OOLOGIST 31

at bottom of cavity, pure glossy white

Drumming is a very noticeable feat-
ure of the Downy in the spring; they
using some resoundant limb or tree
trunk as a sounding board and I think
is used as a call to its mate. Dili-
gence in the search of food is charac-
teristic of the Downy and their “once
ever” of the old apple tree is through;
his industry is unequaled. They are
very confiding when thus busily en-
gaged and one may approach pretty
close to the tree without disturbing
the worker.
Woodpecker tribe as an evil, claiming
damage to trees by their drilling of
holes, large and small, in the trunks
and large limbs of their shade and
apple trees, by the making parallel
rows of shallow holes around the
trunks. But I cannot agree with them;
no doubt there is some unavoidable
damage caused by the Downy in its
search for insects, but I consider it
of small moment compared with the
amount of good it does by destruction
of insects, grubs, bores, etc. Forbush
states of its being observed to eat
wood-boring ants, apple tree borers,
cocoons of codling moth, Hairy Cater-
pillars, pupae of Gypsy Moths, and
sometimes the apples on the tree is
attacted by the Downy, but he thinks
only of wormy apples. The young are
largely fed on caterpillars of various
sorts. Dr. Merriam found the stom-
achs of four Downys filled with

beechnuts, and has seen this species
eat the berries of the mountain ash.
Forbush says it eats bay-berries also.
Beal; Biol. Bull. No. 7, says, ‘“‘of the
seven species considered, the Downy
Woodpecker is the most beneficial.”
The stomachs of 8 out of 11 killed in
Kansas in winter contained to the ex-
tent of 10 per cent of all their food,
eges of grasshoppers.

Some farmers regard the

Robins.

Bird and Animal Life in Menard Co.,
Texas

While on a hunt in December, 1916,

I observed many birds and animals.

The hunt was made in Menard County,

Texas. The small town of Menard is

_at the end of the Frisco R. R. In

Southwest Texas bird and animal life
is still existing but not increasing. We
traveled south from Menard in a
wagon. Along the road I saw several
bunches of Bob White. One bunch of
eight wild turkey passed in front of
us. Saw many birds such as Green
Jay, Meadow Lark; Towhee, Road Run-
ner, Krider and Sparrow Hawk, Slate
colored Junco, Cedar Waxwings, and
We passed through several
large prairie dog towns. They were
plentiful and seemed to be tame and
happy. As there is no damage for
them to do they are left unmolested.
Rabbits were scarce this year on ac-
count of a disease which struck them,
killing nearly every rabbitt in the
country. Fox and grey squirrels were
more than plentiful as no one ever
shoots a squirrel. Black squirrels
were scarce in the country we traveled
through. Chipmunks and_ ground
squirrels were noticed during a warm
day. Armodillas are more than plenti-
ful this year. They are not afraid of
anything and will feed up as close as
two feet of you before scenting dan-
ger. We observed more than a hun-
dred in a day’s time. A few people
in that country make baskets out of
their shells. I brought home five
shells and one live oné. We have
lots of fun here in the shop telling
people they are South American grave
robbers. A carnival came to Menard.
One of the shows had a large banner
with an armodilla as big as an ele-
phant painted on it. They called it
the ferocious South American grave
robber , the only one in captivity. Of
course all the people in Menard had

32 THE OOLOGIST

to spend a dime to see such a ferocious
animal. When you can catch armodil-
las in the city limits of Menard. It
was a joke on the people so the sheriff
closed the show as a fake. Telling
this joke on Menard has got me away
from my subject. But we are back
again. Arriving at Gentry Creek we
made camps. While at this camp
many interesting things happened, but
it would take too much space to tell
them.

We observed the following birds:
about 200 Wild Turkey, many Bob
White, Texas and Belted Kingfishers,
Road Runners, Arizona Jays, Downy
Woodpeckers, Flicker, Slate-colored
Junco, Cedar Waxwings, Robins, Kill-
deer, Wrens, Tufted and Black Vul-
tures, Hawks and Owls. The only
Ducks seen were in a bunch of Mal-
lards. Observed six deer. I killed one
four point buck and one wild turkey.
The rest of the party killed 7 wild
turkeys.

Fur-bearing animals are decreasing
rapidly. A few wild cats, coyote, wolf,

fox, coon, skunk, civit, ring tail ‘cats,

and oppossum are left. I saw three
eagle nests, many cliff swallows and
one phoebe.

I have used too much space already
so I must quit for this time. Hoping
a happy new year to The Oologist and
all its readers.

Ramon Graham, Taxidermist,
Ft. Worth, Texas.

Early Blue Jay’s Eggs

My Earliest date for Blue Jays’
eges in Polk County, lowa, was April
LS, TOTO:

On the above date I found a nest
containing one egg which on the 28rd
contained four eggs. The data I give
below as it is quite an interesting one
to my cdllection.

Date, April 23rd, 1910; Locality,

Ia; nest, 8 feet from ground in crotch

of an apple tree in orchard, composed

of sticks and lined with rootlets. Nest
found on the 18th when it contained
one egg. On my next visit, on the
23d, the nest was filled with snow
which had fallen that afternoon, com-
pletely covering the four eggs. There
were no Jays near, and had the eggs
been left in the nest overnight they
would no doubt have frozen as the
night was very cold.

Emerson A. Stoner,

(Now of Benicia, Cal.)

Owls and Robins in Nemeha County,
Kansas.

During the past three years I have
had occasion to note the different Owls
found in this county.

In the early part of 1915 an ac-
quaintance of mine brought me a fine
speciman of a Barred Owl, which he
had killed in the woods near here. The
Great Horned Owl is quite numerous
here. Last summer I ran on to one
when I was walking through the
woods. He was sitting on a log which
had fallen across the stream. His
back was toward me but he turned his
head, his eyes looked as big as saucers
and gazed at me for a few seconds,
then gave a kind of croak and flew
away.

I have mounted several Barn Owls,

which were killed in this county. Of.

course the Screech Owl is numerous
here, both red and gray.

While trapping during the fall of
1916 I ran across a group of Owls, 12
or 15. They were gray with long
ears, larger than the Screech Owl but
not as large as the Barn Owl. They
stayed around a high bank and in a
tree covered by a grapevine, during
the day time, remained several weeks
then disappeared as suddenly as they
had come. I am not certain what
specie they belonged to, but I think

.
;

~- completed nest.

THE OOLOGIST 33

they were the Long-eared Owl (Asio
wilsonianus).

Late last winter a man brought me
an Arctic or Snowy Owl to mount,
said he had found it in a fodder shock.
This is the first one I have ever heard
of in this county.

Observed the first robin on the
morning of March 5, 1918. They are
always numerous here. As I am writ-
ing this, a Robin is building his nest
in an apple tree, not far from the
house.

C. B. Hasenyager.

A Mountain Home of the Parula

Warbler
At Stone Valley which lies in a
mountain fastness fourteen miles

south of State College, Pennsylvania,
I often met with the buzzing Parula
Warblers. They selected’ the dense
hemlocks and tall white pines as
places of refuge, so that search as one
pleased no nests were revealed.

However, last June while studying
wild life in western Huntingdon coun-
ty I again was greeted by the queer
buzzing notes of these little Warblers.
A pair frequently sang in a cluster of
hemlocks that grew on a small island
out in a mountain stream. It seemed
that the birds made regular trips up
and down stream, visiting all the trees
in regular order.

Fortunately, while I was wading in
the brook searching for salamanders,
one of the Warblers flew briskly to a
hemlock that leaned out over the
water. In this tree the bird dis-
appeared among the dense branches;
but soon it flew out again and lit ina

heap of brush along the streamside. -

Here it gathered bark strips, then re-
visited the leaning hemlock. In a
drooping branch I saw the Warbler
weaving the material into its partly
The . structure re-
sembled an Oriole’s abode, but of

course was neither so large nor so
deep as the home of that bird.
S. S. Dickey.

Congratulations, P. M.

P. M.. Silloway, well known to
Oologist readers is the father of the
young man named in the following
clipping. It shows what a bird man’s
blood will do when given an opportun-
ity.

Private (first class) Ralph Silloway,
Battery C, One Hundred and Twenty-
fourth Field Artillery (A. S. No.
1378997.) For extraordinary heroism
in action near Romagne, France, Nov.
13, 1918. During heavy enemy shell
fire, when the other members of his
section were all wounded or engaged
in first aid work, Private Silloway
alone served his piece and kept it fir-
ing. Two days later, when the chief
of his section was wounded, Private
Silloway took command of the section
and followed the barrage. Home ad-
dress, P. M. Silloway, father, 404 Fre-
donia avenue, Peoria, Ill.—Peoria, Il.
Journal, 1-15-19.

Wisconsin Notes, 1918.
Nov. 9th we saw near fifty Canada
Geese in two flocks, go over toward
the south.

‘

Six well fed cats on one farm did not
make the birds plentiful, 000000000.

Because one Crow steals an exposed
egg, all Crows are necessarily bad, so
one farmer’s wife thinks, and no
amount of arguing availed so the poor
old Crow, the butt of much abuse is
poisoned.

Migration this season was so quiet
and gradual that it was hardly notice-
able.

Many birds about here are chang-
ing their nesting places owing to des-
trustion of timber and clearing away

34 THE OOLOGIST

brush, by farmers and trunk line and
highway tree butchers.

I promised sometime ago to tell the
readers of the Oologist more about a
certain rookery of the Black Crowned
Night Heron. I went to visit them
again this year in May and found
them in fine condition, some sixty or
more nests with eggs and young. They
are located in a small piece of black
oak timber not far from a farm res-
idence. There is a possibility that I
underrated the number of nests. My
presence seemed to disturb them so
much that I passed around the woods,
rather than through, so cannot say if
any one had in any way “shot up” or
disturbed them.

I cannot remember that I ever saw
the Mourning Dove so plentiful as
they are here in Iowa, on Cedar river.
I wonder, if under proper, prolonged
protection, they would not come to be

as plentiful as the Passenger Pigeon, —

formerly were. It seems wonderful
that under the circumstances many
nests in one tree, the frail structure,
and only one egg, that the pigeon
could become so exceedingly plenti-
ful as it did when other birds making
better nests, and laying more eggs to
a clutch did not become at all plenti-
ful. Give the Dove protection, and
bring them up to the standard of the
Passenger Pigeon.
Geo. W. H. Vos Burgh.

The New Catalog.

The need of a new catalog of values
of North American Birds’ Eggs, has
long been apparent to those interested
in this class of specimens. Now that
the U. S. Government regulations per-
mit the sale of these under necessary
and proper regulations, the need be-
comes greater.

A number of leading oologists, at

the suggestion of Rev. H. E. Wheeler
of Conway, Ark., who wrote the com-
munication published in the December
Oologist, have determined to issue a
new catalog and make it as reliable
a mirror of the actual case value of
eggs as is possible. The Editor has
reviewed a very large number of com-
munications volunteering assistance,
in the preparation of this catalog since
the December issue. ;

We all know that in an undertaking
of this kind that there must be a
clash of interests, as well as a frater-
nal feeling and determination to get
together, and do as near as we know
how the fair thing by all. It has oc-
cured to us that the best way is to ap-
point a committee of twenty-five of our
best known collectors scattered over
that United States and Canada to pass
on the values. The manner of the ap-
pointment of this committee is a most
serious step, in the formation of the
new catalog. If a non-representative
committee is selected, or a committee
that has some ax to grind, then better

- have no committee, and no catalog;

for one, the product of such a com-
mittee will receive scant recognition
at the hands of the fraternity. On
the other hand a list of values that
really represents the combined judg-
ment of this number of real oologists
scatter equitably over the entire terri-
tory to be covered will be invaluable
to us all.

It has occurred to the Editor of this
publication that there is no fairer way
to select this committee than to have
it elected by the rank and file of the
egg collectors themselves, rather than
have it a sort of hand picked affair,
no matter who might do the picking.
But what should be the basis of rep-
resentation has been the real stumb-
ling block? After a good deal of
thought we have concluded that the
best way is to divide the membership

o~

se

THE OOLOGIST 35

of this committee, was to apportion
it according to the number of sub-
scribers to The Oologist based upon
our subscription list, as the same is
scattered over the country. In this
way all parts of the country will be
given representation, and given rep-
resentation in proportion to the num-
ber of actual active collectors there.
This can best be shown by the -sub-
scription books of this magazine, pbe-
cause about all of the active Oologists
of North America are subscribers.

In pursuance of this we have divid-
‘ed the country into districts, and ap-
portioned this committee to each dis-
~ trict in proportion to the number of
subscribers of The Oologist therein as
follows:

Pacific Coast, Area, Three Commit-
teemen, from California, Oregon and
Washington.

Intra-Mountain, Area, Three Com-
mitteemen, from Arizona, Colorado,
Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico,
Utah, Wyoming.

Western Area, Three Committee-
men, from Arkansas, Kansas, Minne-
sota, Nebraska, North Dakota, Okla-
homa, South Dakota, Texas.

Central West area, Three Commit-
teemen, from Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,
Michigan, Missouri, Ohio and Wiscon-
sin.

Central East Area, Four Committee-
men, from Deleware, Maryland, Penn-
sylvania, New Jersey, New York, West
Virginia.

New England Area, Three Commit-
teemen, from Connecticut, Maine, Mas-
sachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode
Island, Connecticut.

Southern Area, Three Committee-
men, from Alabama, Georgia, Florida,
Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Ten-
nessee, Virginia.

Canadian Area,
men, from Canada.

Three Committee-

~ It must be distinctly understood

that all Oologists have the right to
vote for the full twenty-five members
of the committee on values. But also
that no vote for more than the num-
ber to be elected for any of the sev-
eral areas will be counted. To illus-
trate, an Oologist from Illinois, may
vote for three committeemen from
each of the several areas, but not for
more than the number to be selected
from such areas, severally, and if he
does vote for more than the number
to be elected from any area the vote
will be counted only for the first
named up to the number to be elected.

Please make out your votes at once
upon the receipt of your February
Oologist, and forward the same to Dr.
B. R. Bales, of Circleville, Ohio, who
has kindly written us that he will do
anything he can to help the good work
along, and we are sure that he will
gladly count the votes and send us
the result of the ballot to publish.

When this committee is elected we
will send to each one of them a list
of North American Birds and each
member can then place the price of
each egg that he feels competent to
price upon the list and return it to us
and we will then submit these lists to
a committee of three, to be elected by
the committee of twenty-five who will
harmonize the differences in the lists
of the twenty-five upon such basis as
they or the twenty-five shall determine
best. We suggest that the committee
of three shall be composed of men
who are none of them members of the
committee of twenty-five. This would
make them a sort of supreme court
of last resort.

Finally we desire it distinctly under-
stood that while the editor is willing
to shoulder the expense and much of
the detail occasioned by this under-
taking, we will not accept election,
nor serve upon either of the commit-

36 THE OOLOGIST

tees above referred to.

sonal supervision.

cash price, not a ficticious one thatfg

will be cut in half every time a speci-Bt

#

man is sold, and one not high enough#

prise? Not so many years ago we had
offered to us three hundred eggs of

raeier

This is partly s
because of a lack of time, and alsoff
because we desire this catalog to beg
entirely free from any taint of per-ft
It is well known eH
that we purchase considerable num-f. :
bers of eggs and hence might bem
biased, also that we favor an ap char |
dij to looking for it, as I never found one
At in a pine tree, and so I never lost any
to encourage collecting by inrespcin 1
Sible persons as a commercial enter-%

Ne oe

the Robin, Bluebird, Wood Thrush, or

Chipping Sparrow, Catbird and Brown

Thrush, that had been taken in one |

year by a boy “to sell,’ because he
had found or got in some way a “Price
List of North American Birds Eggs,”
in which these specimens were priced,
when the reader knows that there
never was a cash market for them at
above.a cent or so each.

Now let us all put our shoulder to
the wheel, and give and take and
live, and let live, and compromise, and
get out a real “AMERICAN OOLO-
GISTS CATALOG OF NORTH AMER-
ICON BIRDS EGGS.

The Editor.

Summer Tanager’s Nest.

I have seen and collected a large
number of nests of this species of
Tanager, and in ten cases out of ten,
they invariably (here in this locality)
build their frail nest out about half
way of a Post Oak limb on the aver-
age of eight feet from the ground, and
in all cases over a public road or path.

While out in the woods on May 29th,
1916, I was strolling along a quiet
little country road running through a
pine belt, and stopped to fill up my
old corn pipe, when all of a sudden I
saw a male Summer Tanager fussing
at me as though he had a nest around

somewhere close to where I was

ueStanding. Well, my first thought was
neto find a Post Oak tree just over the
froad, then I would find the nest. But
I was traveling —

‘oak tree any where around this place,
so | was puzzled as to where to start

‘time in looking in these trees. I

a knew very well there was a nest some

i
4

where around,.and I sat down in the
shade and followed the male bird’s
actions. It was not very long before he
flew down to the lowest limb on a
good size pine tree. The. place where
he lit looked dark as though a nest
was there, so I proceeded to this
limb and there I found a pretty, little
frail nest. The female flew off of it,

and and there I could see through the
bottom a set of four eggs. Well, if
there was ever a surprised person it
was me, for I never in all my fifteen
years of travel found one of these
nests in any other tree except an oak
tree. It’s very unusual.

Harl E. Moffat,

Marshall, Texas.

To Take Inaccessable Nests

The following is in my mind, a very
simple and perfect way of taking
nests with eggs, which are placed far
out of reach on branch at any height.
I always carry in my collecting basket
a piece of stiff wire, (telephone) 24
inches long, sharpened at both ends,
fold it over so as to form a two
pronged fork, bind this to my dead

stick of required length. Tie this to _

the back of your belt, when climbing
tree. With this my nest can be collect-
ed in perfect shape. Last season I
took an Olive Sided Flycatcher, over
100 feet up and impossible to be taken
in any other way.
Walter Burton,
Victoria, B. C.

eee ae

THE OOLOGIST Vv

WANTED—Volumes 1
Thorburn’s British Birds.
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

WANTEHED—American Ornithology Vol.

VI; Oologist Vol. XXVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-

ogist and Oologist Vol. XI; Various
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of
Journal Maine Ornithological Society;
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, etc. H. H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

FOR EXCHANGE—Sets 123a-5. One
runt 373d-4, 486-4, 722an/6, 1918 col-
lected. HENRY W. DAVIS, Box 844,
Atlantic City, N. J.

EXCHANGE—First class sets with
data. Nothing back 1915. Would be
glad to have your list and year collect.
ed. HENRY W. DAVIS, Atlantic City,
N. J. Box 844.

EXCHANGEHE—A- sets of 364, 208, 352.
Desire shore birds, especially 261, 281,
277a. All letters answered. ERNEST
K. SCHLEICHERT, U. S. Geological
Survey, Washington, D. C.

WANTED—A. L. singles, small holes,
388; 387, 622e; several each. Old U. S.

‘ Avec. VOSS, BURGH,
56 Maple Ave., Columbus, Wis.

EXCHANGE—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
i Will also sell or

pound microscope.
Write. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

WANTED—A mounted Albino Squir-
rel or skin suitable to mount... O. 5S.
BIGGS, San Jose,. Ill.

“MISCELLANJOUS.
FO RSALE—A High- class collection

EK. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-

sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.
EXCHANGE—One Telescope, French
three sliding joints, 14 1-2 in.
long extended, 4 1-2 in. closed. Good
for bird study. Will trade for sets.
What can you offer? LEWIS LUNS-
HORD, 27 N. Union St., Petersburg, Va.

FOR. SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixc1
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0v
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer. la&

AITKEN, Gen..Del., Philadelphia, Ray
EXPERT FIELD NATURALIST COL-

Expert in prepara-
tion of large and small mammal and
Bird Skins. Would collect in branches
of Mammaloge, Ornithology, Concholo-
ge, Entomology and Botany for Private
Collector or Institution. Parties mean-
ing business address JOHN W. DAN-
IELS, -Jr., Western State Hospital,
Staunton, Va.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
gee ah 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls
eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi-
tion. Ask $5.00, cost $9.00. Send offers of ex-
change. JOHNSON NEFF, Marionville, Mo.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
guatnted with active Oologist in New York
ity. Westchester Co., or gaat with view
S. please

R, Uwhite Plains,

—

to expeditions next sprin
write. RAYMOND F LL
INEDYZc ines NO i

FOR EXCHANGE—Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene lyna
Hybrid) Also many natives. Want A No.1
pep of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.
Jonn.

Who has skins or mounted fox squirrels,
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc., in
the entire U.S

I want to get into touch with young
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEFE, Marionsville, Mo.

FOR EXCHANGHE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.

Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIELE, or
300ks on OOLOGY. BHARL MOFEBERT,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Haton. Please state price.
Hi MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec: . 111i" -

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second

hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Tab 8 ie 1-2t
AN EXPERT field naturalist and col-
lector, would travel in South America,
the West Indies, or FPastern Columbia.

Am an expert in the preparation of
large and Small mammals and Bird
Skins. Would collect in branches of
Mineralogy. Ornithology, Conchology,
Hneomology,. and Botany for private
collector or ané Institution. Parties

meaning business please address JOHN
W. DANIELS, Jr., Western State Hos-
pital, Staunton, Va.

vi THH OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry 8. Swarth

“The OCondor’’ is strictly scientific
but edited in such a way that a be-
zinner of ‘‘Bird Study”’’ can easily un-
erstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
__by the highest quality of half tones..
Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in
- the United States and $1.75 in a Fereign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

- Address

W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

READ

“Blue- Bird”’

Pubilshed in co-operation with
the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’
Association, and devoted to

Bird Study and
Conservation
$1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
AGENTS WANTED
NO FREE COPIES

' Address ,
EDITOR BLUE-SIRD, Dept. R.
1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

The Bruce Museum of History, Science and Art

Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
-eollections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data. : ql
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
. Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-

ajo
ae

lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
~a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this: Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MEMORIAL MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut

Paul G. Howes~ - -

- Assistant Curator

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No. 3. ALBION, N. Y., Mar. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 3880

Col Roosevelt, Pres., M. L. Alexander and game warden examining eggs of
Royal Tern.—Photo by Stanley Clisby Arthur.

fi THE OOLOGIST
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Btc., inserted in this department at 25 cents

for each 25 words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 cent.

serted for less than 25 cents.

No notice in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same. ;
exchanges of such specimens for

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to EL ore of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNHS, Lacon, Il).

MALE SKINS WANTEHD—679, 676, 658,
622, 612, 611, 597, 547. State lowest
price when writing. J. P. BALL, 5001
Frankford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

WANTED—Skin or mounted specimen of
the Passenger Pigeon. (315) WINCHESTER
eo ee HISTORY MUSEUM. Winches-
er, N. H.

PASSENGER PIGEONS: Have one
mounted bird in fair condition to ex-
change for best offer in rare sets.
RICHARD C. HARLOW, State College,
Pennsylvania.

WANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write E. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wingtipped this will not
matter. For them I will pay a good
price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, I11.

FOR EXCHANGE—Thavea beautiful, well-
mounted, perfectly plumaged specimen each
of Black Rosy Finch and Goshawk, which I

willexchange for good set ofeggs. GERARD
ALAN ABBOTT, Grosse Pointe Shores.
Michigan.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

I desire to exchange bird skins and Butter™
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot:Guns, Double Bar-
rel, preferred. Goodcondition. D. V. HEM-
BREE, Roswell, Ga.

FOR SALE or HXCHANGE, choice
collection of mounted Animals, SkKele-
tons, Birds, American or Foreign, Fish
and Reptiles. Send for list. CHICAGO
ACADEMY OF SCIENCH, Chicago.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken
in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including Huropean
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Hagles, ete. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notices
for nests, skins and esgss, we would ap-
preciate it if you would arrange the
numerals im your exchange netice in
their numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
CHER, Norton, Kansas. Box 455.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER. 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RiCHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

W ANTHD—A-1 Sets of all birds eggs,
common or rare, with data, or in broken
sets with data. JOHNSON NEFF,
Marionsville, Mo.

TO EHXCHANGEH—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

LISTHN—If you want to dispose of
your entire collection of eggs, it will be
to your advantage to write me. I es-
pecially desire rare Raptores, Waders
or other rare North American Speci-
mens. B. R. BALES, M.D., No. 149 West
Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

FOR HXCHANGE—Bird eggs in sets
with data; also nest and eggs. AIso
wish to buy a pair of Peacock’s and
hen, or their eggs’ for propagation.

JOHN LARANG, Genesee, Idaho.

FOR BHBXCHANGE—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
105.2 1-1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1-1; 116 1-1;
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 4741 N-2; 475 1-5;
486 1-5; 533 1-3; 538 1-4: 543) dese
560a N-4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1-4; 615 N-5;
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N-4; 726c N-6,
N-5; 741 N-6; 743 N-7; 748a N-T7, .N-5.
J. H. BOWLES, The Woodstock, Ta-
coma, Wash.

EXCHANKE—Wanted this season’s

1919 collected sets. Can use many Com-
mon. Ask for same. Send list price
per set. Sets for others. HHNRY W
DAVIS, Box 844, Atlantic City, N. J.

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”
BEST RESULTS

THE OOLOGIST lil

EGGS— Continued

The following personally taken sets
to exchange for first class skins or
books. Smaller species with nests.
Dror sete L46,. 462) 14662, nn 488b, BO.
498f, 508, 510, 529a, 560a. J. A . MUNR
Okanagan Landing, lee (Ge

FOR EXCHANGE—EFHegs in sets; A.
O. U. Nos. 141-1438, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gloveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,
Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
PEN, 47 S. Highth St., Salt Lake City,

tah.

WANTED-—Sets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and Ahlornado Falcons, I have
many Bird magazines for exchange or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VIINo.1. C. M.CASE,
306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, Conn.

WANTED—Lists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
Golden Hagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. EH.
PRICE, Grant Park, IIl.

W ANTED—Singles or broken sets in quan-
tities, or small lots; also books on Taxidermy,
curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.,
Dayton, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE — European and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
can species. C. W. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
siftea, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F.
GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and eggs,
over 100 kinds unionidie. Wanted any-
Lae DR. W. S. STRODH, Lewistown,
Illinois.

WANTED—A heavy marked set of
Sharp-shinned Hawk taken by a reli-
able collector. Will pay cash or ex-
change. RALPH W. JACKSON, R .No.
1, Cambridge, Maryland.

EXCHANGE of personally collected
sets desired with reliable collectors.
Send lists. Have fine sets of 105.2 and
others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTED—Sets of 113.1, 249, 252, 260,
298, 332, 344, 393c, 399, 463, 521, 573, 583,
685, ete. J. H. BOWLES, The Wood-
stock, Tacoma, Wash.

WANTED—Choice sets of anything
from Nos. 514 to 605 inclusive and
choice sets of finches from any part of
the world wanted especially Longspurs
and variety sets. Also sets or series of
_ A261, 498, 501, 619, 703 and 761. Good
Huropean and other sets offered in best
condition. K. L. SKINNER, Brooklands
Estate Office, Weybridge, England.

WANTED First Class, complete sets, all
species of Eagles, Kites. Falcons. Loons,
Tropic birds, Hawks, Owls, Vultures, Wad-
ers, Warblers, Finches. Send lists in full
aes terms. Dr. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augus-
a, Ga.

FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with
data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4,
375d 1-2, 617 1-5, 685b 1-3, and others, for sets
needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa
Paula, Calif.

FOR SALE—A fine white oak cabinet suit-
able for birds, nests, eggs, or other natural
history specimens. Contains 20 Beep ec
drawers. Details uponrequest. S.S. DICK-
EY, 212 Kast Maiden St., Washington. Pa.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full
ee * C, HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-
wood, O.

WANTED-—Set of all kinds, common and
rare, containing one or more eggs of any kind
of Cow bird. Good sets offered in exchange.
J en BOWLES, The Woodstock; Tacoma,

as

WANTED—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet ‘Tanager, Indigo Bunting, Gold Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. Chicago. Ill.

WANTED—A-1 sets of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have full data.
Can exchange A-1 shells or cash. Write what
you have, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-
LER, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

CORRESPONDENCE DESIRED WITH

311-332-336- 337-337b- 373e-377-414- 420- 467- 483-501la-
501b-501c- 507-509- 51la- 513a-602- 619-627a- 628-630-
633.1-648-671-687.

Rev. H. E. WHEELER. Conway, Ark.

WANTHD—A ist class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B. S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR EXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Snowy Plover (with nest), Pacific
Horned Owl, Vaux Swift, Black Swift,
Golden Pileolated Warbler, and scores
of others. We desire in exchange excep-
tional nest-and-egg material of every
description, especially foreign if well
authenticated. ‘“‘A drawer to a species”
is out motto. 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists -always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

WANTED—Entire collections of eggs,
also eggs of Rare North American
Birds. R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I1l.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,
Bird Books and magazines. BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield, N. Y.

iw

Ls

BOOKS.

WANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State

edition, condition of books and best
cash price. EF. HE. FORD, Chardon, O.
THE WARBLER — Second series.

Seven volumes complete, $3.50 post paid.
Very few full sets left. Volume 1 and
2, with a dozen exquisite colored plates
of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
$1.00. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y.

WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and
index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4, 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early
volumes and single copies of Oologist, many
Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of
Osprey. JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City,
Towa. R.9.

WANTED—Vol. I and Vol III of
Ridgway’s Birds of North and Middle
America. Can offer Vol. V and $1.50
for either vol. and cash for the other.
W. C. HANNA, Colton, California.

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R.E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FORSALE ~-Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar per vole carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P - Quebec.

WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor note
1-9inel., Bird Lore Vols. 1 atid 2 incl., Nos. 1
and 2 of Vol. 3; No. lof Vol. 7; The Oologist of
Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.
The Ornithotogist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.
ue H. BOLT, 1421 Prospect Ave., Kansas City,

oO.

W ANT-— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Po OE ist Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ineston, «D. ©; and vicinity, by. Murs: i. W.
eeeuan RALPH W.JACKSON, R. No. 1.
Cambridge, Md.

FUR SALE-— Vols 4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What am I offered. GEO. E. OSTERHOUT,
Windsor, Colorado.

WANTEHD—Back numbers of many
amateur bird publications.~ List of de-
siderate sent to anyone having any-
thing in this line for sale or exchange.
Also have many numbers of Auk, Con-
dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bul.
Coo er Club, ete. to exchange. ie,
BENT Taunton, Mass.

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or

ut of print North American Amateur and

meade ublications in existence. Price 25c.
M. BARNES, Lacon, Ill.

FOR EXCHANGE—Osprey Vol. I, II,
III, IV and V.. New Series No. 7 & 2.
Condor, Viol SNe eNom sot Viole Vill
Wilson Bulletin No. 69. Birds & Nature,
Vol XIII. Nos. 1, 2, 3,4 & 5. Vol. IXV,
No. 1; Birds Vol. II, No. 5 and 6. Auk,
Vol. XXIV and No. 3 of Vol. XXV. Birds
of Wyoming, Birds of lowa. These will
be exchanged or sold only as a whole
for best cash offer or extra good sets.
W. H. BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

rd

Vv THE OOLOGIST

EXCHANGE—Large number of Oologists
and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely
prepared of common land birds, Part VII
“Birds of North and Middle America” for
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or
exchange. Also‘ aioe of Washington, D.C.
and vicinity by Mrs. L. W. Maynard.
RALPH W. JACKSON, ‘Cambridge, Route 1,
Maryland.

WANTED—July, 1908, and January,
1911, numbers of The Auk. State price,
or can offer a few personally taken sets
of eggs. HAROLD M. HOLLAND, Gales-
burg, I11.

WANTED—Baird Brewer
ways Water Birds.
ways & Bird Notes.

& Ridg-
Thompson’s By-
Bird Lore, Vols.

1-15 inclusive. W. D. RICHARDSON,
4215 Prairie Ave. Chicago, 2-3t
WANTED—Oologist Vol. III No. 2;

Mols! IV, -V5. Vis Vol. 1x Nowa vor
XVI, No. 3. “Birds of Essex County,
Iuass.’; “Putnam Catalog of the Birds
of Connecticut,’ by Linsey; ‘‘Familiar
Science and Fanciers Journal,’ Vols. 5
and 6. HARRY S. HATHAWAY, Box
1466, Providence, R. I.

EXCHANGH NOTICH—The Oologist
for 1913 with September No. missing;
for 1914 complete; 1915 complete; 1916
with October and December missing;
for National Geographic Magazines,
Skins for mounting or large single eggs.
Can furnish fresh skins of Black & Tur-
key Vultures for others. J. J. WIRZ,
1671 Broad St., Augusta, Ga.

W ANTE D—Good prices paid for the
following following magazines: The
Oologist, Januy and Feby 1887; April
1889; also Nos. 232, 266, 270, 300. The
Osprey, Vol. 3, Nos. 9 & 10; Vol. V, Nos.
5 & 7. New Series Nos. 4 & 7; Nidiolo-
gist, vor I, Nos. 3, 5, 6; Wilson Bulletin
Nos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 82; 84, ‘92, 95, 96, 97 and all
old U. S. Stamps before 1870, singles,
pairs, strips, also on the covers, must
be in fine condition. LAUREN TREMP-
HR, 136 N. Dewey St., Philadelphia, Pa.

WANTED—Oologist of Utica, N. Y.,
Vols. 1-5; Ornithologist and Oologist
Vol. 6, numbers 8, 10, 11, index and title
page; Vol. 7, index and title page; Vol.
8, numbers 4, 11, 12, index and title
page. Nidiologist, Vol 1, numbers 1 and
2. Osprey, Vol. 1, numbers 2, 4 and 6;
and other discontinued ornithological
magazines. Will: pay reasonable prices.

FOR EXCHANGE—Ornithologist and
Oologist volumes 15 and 16 complete,
and several numbers of Volumes 9-14.

Bird Lore Vol 1, numbers 1, 5 and 6;
Vol. 2, numbers 1, 4 and 6; Vol. 3, num-
bers 5 and 6; Vol. 4, numbers 1, 2 and 6;
Vol 5, number 5; Vol. 6, number 6; Vol.
7, number 2; Volumes 18 and 16 com-
plete.

Osprey Vol 2, numbers 1, 3, 6 and 7,
Vol. 3, number tb

Bendire’s Life Histories, Vol. 1; Nel-
son’s Natural History Collections Made
in Alaska; Turner’s Contributions to
the Natural History of Alaska; For-
bush’s Useful Birds and their Protec-
tion. R. W. WILLIAMS, Department of
Agriculture, Washington, Cc:

THE OOLOGIST.

Vou. XXXVI. No. 3 AuBion, N. Y., Mar. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 380

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Il.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR :

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December-issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post offiee al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

o4\

Bz
PANS ARAN

SPRING

NAN

Spring is here! Spring to the bird lover, the
bird student and collector, means more than
to almost any one else. That is the time of
the year when his old friends return. The
birds and their songs, the flowers, the leaves,
all are the friends and intimate acquaintances

of the true bird man.

In the woods, on the prairies, on the waters, in the skies,
even in the earth, his feathered friends are calling,—call-
ing to come, and learn of their mysterious ways and to in-
spect their homes. To look, to see, to marvel. What wond-
ers the Great Creator has wrought through our friends.

Go, my friends, to the woods, to the sparkling waters.
Look into the skies, and dig into the ground, and see and
learn of the mysterious doings of this great family of
God’s creatures. You will be better for it both in body and
mind. Then come and tell us all what you have found and
learned, through the columns of our little “Oologist”’.

—FE ditor.

(

ANNAN

:

INGE AINSI

@
\
°

BSINOBIING

NA

{
:

+ @ @.4/
} eo ®

ee tery ®
LoS

SS ASS SANS SANS PANS ANS SANS SANS SANS PANS SNS NSN

e~-

38 THE OOLOGIST

Around Red Lake in a Launch
By Elmer Langevin
Part II

We camped on the McMahon the
next day and another night; fished
out in the lake along the shores, down
the river; stripped our boat of its
load and the top; romped in her on
the tops of the largest waves we could
find; and like two kids that we were
had the time of our lives. We hunted
swamp birds, found a colony of yel-
low headed black birds, and an occa-
sional red wing, heard the noisy clat-
ter of the long-billed marsh wren and
the loud sonorous call of the sora
rail. We thought and still believe we
discovered a Virginia rail although it
was extremely hard to get a look at
it with our field glasses. Its call was
different and it seemed smaller than
the more common sora. The flight of
the black tern was on every hand and
away out over the lake an occasional
larger member of the gull family
could be seen, probably a common
tern. We thought it strange but in
all our trip and now about the lake
we did not see a single American coot.
The next forenoon saw us camped at
the narrows. If you will take your
map, you will see that Red Lake is
made up of two large lobes like the
figure eight, the north one _ being
known as the Upper or North Lake
and the lower one as the Lower or
South Lake. Where these two lakes
join it is comparatively narrow, the
distance from the West point to the
East point being but a mile and a
half. These points are long sand
spits extending out into the waters,
lashed by the waves of both lakes, en-
tirely barren for a distance of half a
mile or more, especially the west
point on which we were now camped,
for upon leaving the outlet we had
headed west and north. This was a
delightful place to camp, so much to

explore, fishing good, bathing un-
excelled and the wind having changed
was bringing the waves in mighty

breakers down from the Upper Lake

onto this north shore of this spit
of sand while the south shore where
we were now camped further down
behind some _ sheltering trees. was
calm and_ still. We surprised a
colony of herring gulls which makes
its home there at the narrows. There
must have been some sixty to seventy-
five in the flock, graceful creatures,
who loved these two points because
here they could get the breeze in
whatever direction the wind blew or
find quiet waters as they chose. We
tried several snap shots of them. That
afternoon we bathed, burried ourselves
in the sands of the beach, ran wild
in the breakers of the North Lake,
visited the Hast point by boat, did a
washing in the sand—did you ever try
to wash clothes in clean white sand
and cold water of a lake? It works
fine. We hung our washing in the
trees to dry and when we left forgot
it, much to our chagrin. Towards dusk
which in this northern latitude does
not until about 9 or. 9:30: poms
at this time of the year, we arranged
our boat at the waters edge for the
night, made our bed, secured the
mosquito net and some of the side
curtains, lit the head light of the boat,
a calcium carbide light, and directed
its rays within, and there all alone
in a wilderness of water and wild life,
we enjoyed life as only lovers of the
wild can enjoy it and mingled with
this joy the joy of music. We had
taken our instruments, a cornet and
a saxaphone, along with us and with
the gulls at roost on the point for an
audience, we played a concert to the
tune of the hungry mosquito which
danced against out net in the glare
of the calcium light, until weary, we
sank to rest and dreamed dreams of

THE OOLOGIST 89

the free of spirit, the inhabitant of
the open air, the children of nature.

The next morning saw us up with
the sun for we were trying to run on
schedule time; that is we planned at
the outset to have made the trip up
the river and around the shore line
of both lakes back to the Agency on
the south Short of the Lower Lake
by Sunday. The day was Thursday
and we wished to make a couple of
stops yet during the balance of the
trip. The wind was still pounding
the waves in heavy breakers on the
shores of the North Lake coming
from the north and sweeping the en-
tire width of its surface. We were
little frightened for we had matched
our little craft against their power
the day before. After rounding the
point our direction was due west and
we were running in the troughs of
these mighty waves so had to zigzag
our boat and take every wave at an
angle to avoid shipping water. We
were in no danger of life, only of get-
ting a good soaking and being de-
layed a day for drying out. It was
genuine sport to match our powers
with that of nature. All was going
well. We knew that in the course of a
short time we would be rounding the
west end and driving our boat head
on against the waves approaching with
each revolution of the propeller the
quiet waters in the lea of the North
shore. Of a sudden the engine bore
down heavy. From the past few days
experience we knew only too well
that we were among weeds. We were
about three blocks from shore. Nature
had scored a point. We jumped to
the paddles, headed the prow to the
wind, and allowed the boat to drift
stern on toward shore. When within
two hundred feet one jumped over
board waist deep, cut lose the weeds
and held the boat into the wind, while
the other started the engine. We

again pulled out into the lake sound-
ing bottom with our boat pole as we
went. It was then that we became
first acquainted with the shallowness
of the North Lake. The water re-
mained waist deep as far as we went.
We, however, headed a little toward
Shore always staying far enough out
to avoid the weeds and yet among the
scattering bull rushes. But say, it
was glorious battling among the wind
and the waves.

Duck Hawk Notes

I wonder if any Duck Hawk eggs
were ever taken that did not leave a
memory in the mind of the collector
never to be effaced. My experience
with them has been mainly limited to
one pair of birds, but every incident
connected with the taking of every set
they supplied me with, nine in all, is
as clearly impressed on my mind as
if it were only yesterday, although my
first set was taken as far back as
1901

To some Oologist readers, as they
glance over this, may come the vision
of some stupendous cliff, where, from
some little corner on it’s rocky side
their first set was taken, perhaps at
peril of life or limb. To many more,
perhaps, may come the wish that
some day their wandering footsteps
may lead them in pleasant (Duck-
hawk) places; and so perhaps a Nnar-
rative of the nesting of one pair of
the birds may not prove uninteresting.

Our race of the Duck (Falco pere-
grinus anatum) seems to be pretty
well distributed over North America.
In most localities very rare; common
nowhere.

Perhaps we, in this little corner of
the world are as well favored with
them as anywhere, yet even with
such ardent collectors as Dixon and
Carpenter’ on the job we have only
found five pair nesting in a radius of
twenty-five miles,

40 THE OOLOGIST

Duck Hawks, like the Hagles, seem
to have their own hunting grounds,
and while they may wander away a
little during the fall and winter, in
nesting season they stay pretty close to
home, and when once well established
in a locality only absolute destruction
will eliminate them. Taking the
eggs seems to be a temporary incon-
venience only, and when one bird is
killed another seems to be readily forth
coming to take its place. While they
may change the nesting site from one
suitable ledge to another on the same
cliff or even to go to another cliff a
mile or so away, they never leave the
locality altogether, and, like the
Eagles, sooner or later return to the
old nesting site.

My birds had inhabited the same
great cliff for many years before I
ever heard of them, and it was not
until 1900, several years after I did
hear of them, that I was able to really
make their acquaintance, which prov-
ed a most interesting one and lasted
for many years. This cliff was about
ten miles from my home and one love-
ly spring day I got after them, about
three weeks too late, as it proved. It
is as clear to me now as if it were
only yesterday instead of eighteen
years ago. The steep hills rising
abruptly from the boulder-filled canon;
on one side the hills nearly bare with
round boulders and smooth rock sur-
faces, from which the soil had washed
away, running nearly to the top of
the hill; and on the other side the
lower slopes brush-covered and oak
trees for a way and then the cliff,
rising sheer and straight for hundreds
of feet and nothing but the steel-blue
sky beyond. ‘From the _ boulders
ahead of me came the cheerful trill of
a Dotted Canon Wren, resting for a
moment from its seemingly endless
searching of the nooks and crannies
of the rocks. On the top of an enor-

mous water-worn boulder a Black
Phoebe kept me in view, dartiny off,
now and then, on some entomological
quest over the water of a quiet pool
in the shadow of the rock, where a
couple of turtles were dozing near
the bank with their noses out of
water. Under the rock in a little
cool archway, where another great
boulder leaned across, was’ the
Phoebe’s nest, well up above my
reach. A pair of Buzzards sailed slow-
ly up the canon, the long outer flight
feathers spread apart like fingers.
Then, suddenly, from far up on the
cliff came a long drawn out, penetrat-
ing cry, like the wail of a lost soul,
which, after a minute, was repeated
twice. Then, in a few minutes came
an answer from the upper part ofthe
canon, shorter, less penetrating, and
a sort of barking cry that sounded
exactly like the quacking of a duck,
(a cry that I never have heard these
birds give since) and then the bird
came in like a blue streak and lit on
a small projecting shelf about two-
thirds up the cliff, in a position that
looked from below to be inaccessible.
Then from another place, seemingly
above and to one side, came a series
of short yelps that could mean only
one thing, nearly full grown and very
hungry young. It was very hot in
the canon between the hills, but very
pleasant to sit in the shade of the
Phoebe’s rock watching the White-
throated Swifts darting with incred-
ible speed to their nesting crevices
in the rocky wall and speculating as
to the best means of getting to them
and to the Duck Hawk’s ledge if she
should go back to the same place
again, but it was a vain speculation,
for I never yet go to the Swifts nests
and it was eight years before the
Duck Hawk nested in that spot again.

The next season, 1901, she chose a
place near the bottom of the cliff and

THE OOLOGIST 41

the easiest of access of any place she
ever occupied, and on April 14th I
took my first set of three. The ledge,
or shelf, was about ten or twelve feet
long. Starting with a width of a few
inches at the outer end it gradually
widened to a little over two feet at
the inner, where it butted up against
the cliff. It was covered with dirt
and sand washed down from above
but was bare of all vegetation. It had
evidently been used many times as a
nesting site for there were three
saucer-like depressions in the sand,
the outer one about five inches wide
and an inch deep and the other two
slightly deeper. The eggs were inthe
nearest of the three. This was the
only nesting place these birds have
been found in where anything ap-
proaching a nest or a nesting hollow
was in evidence, in all other cases
the eggs were laid on the bare ground.
The surface of the shelf was well
sprinkled with bones and skulls of
small mammals and a few small
birds skulls. In 1902 there was
grass growing on the shelf and the
birds went to another site which I
did not have time to locate.

In 1903 they chose another ledge,
some 50 feet directly above the first,
a similar but wider shelf, wholly bare
of sand or dirt but well sprinkled with
bones and skulls as evidence of fre-
quent occupancy. Although this was
taken only five days later in the
season than my first set, which were
fresh, one of the eggs was far ad-
vanced in incubation, the other two
being infertile.

It is not usual to find infertile eggs
in the nests of the large raptores and
these might be accounted for by the
possibility of their having been ex-
posed and chilled during a heavy rain
_ before the third egg had been laid. It
took 125 feet of rope to reach the
ledge. In the inner corner, where it

joined the rock wall, a large slab of
rock stood, nearly vertical in position,
having probably slid down from above;
this extended out about four feet on
the ledge and to a few inches from
the edge, leaving a crevice behind. As
I slid down over this I was greeted
with a warm welcome, vocal and in-
strumental, by a large rattlesnake,
that had, the same designs on the
ledge, probably, that I had myself and
resented my intrusion. I told him to
“Shut up” which he (or she) prompt-
ly did and crawled in behind the rock,
while I sat down in front of it and
packed up, with the rattles going all
the while like a buzz-saw, and when
I climbed over the rock going up he
bade me a very vociferous farewell.
There are lots of snakes round that
ledge but no one would expect to find
one over a hundred feet down a cliff-
side. What is it that King Solomon
said about the ways of a serpent on a
rock?

There is one very good thing about
rattlers; they are never looking for
trouble. I wasn’t myself just then so
we parted the best of friends.

In 1904 my birds went back to the
first nesting place where I got a fine
set of four. This was nineteen days

earlier than the year before. Three
eges far advanced, one _ infertile.
These two places were the only

places occupied on the cliff where it
was possible to look into the nest from
above, which, as may well be believed,
is a great convenience.

In 1905, 1906, 1907, 1909 and 1910
eggs were taken from a very well pro-
tected, overhung shelf, about 75 feet
down, easy of access with a rope and
not impossible without, though the ex-
treme looseness of the gravelly soil
and the almost vertical slope makes
it a bit uncertain.

This shelf was about two feet by
three, triangular in shape and bare of

49 THE OOLOGIST

vegetation except for a few weeds
growing from a crevice at the back
where a little soil had blown in. A
liberal supply of bones and some
gravel from above covered the bare
rock.

In 1908, by rolling rocks over the
edge I scared one of the birds off
another ledge, which proved to be the
same one where the incoming bird lit
on my first visit to the canon. (The
last described location was where she
raised her young that year). This
proved to be the most inaccessible of
any places chosen yet, though only 60
feet. down. There were two overhang-
ing ledges with sloping tops and it was
impossible to see the eggs on the third
ledge until one was almost standing
in the nest. That climb took more
skin off my hands than any rock
elimb I ever attempted, but the beauti-
ful set of three well repaid me.

In 1909, six weeks after the first set
was taken, another new nesting place
was located about 200. feet away, but
the three eggs it contained appeared
to be pretty far along in incubation
and as the birds had already ‘done
their bit”? they were not disturbed.

No eggs have been taken by me
from these birds since 1910, nor, as
far as I know, by anyone, except in
1913, when a set was taken of which
I have no data.

Some time in the winter of 1913-14
a pair of Eagles came back to the
canon, reoccupying nests that long
antedated my first Duck Hawk, and
though the latter birds still come
round they have not nested in the
canon since, and we have not yet been
able to relocate them.

Of all the birds with which I have
had dealings, these Duck Hawks, or,
at least, one of them was the most ag-
gressive bird I ever saw. Whenever
anyone was near the nest one bird
would generally sit up on a bench..

would generally sit up on a high rock
nearby and say very impolite things
in a tone of voice that must have been
very far-reaching, for, ina few minutes
there would be a rush of wings and
the other bird would come, a blue
streak, whizzing down the canon like
a bullet, so close one could feel the
air from it’s wings, then turn and
come back again and keep it up as
long as one were near the nest.

On the ledge with the snake that
day the bird actually struck me with
it’s wing as it passed, knocking my
cap off, and at each rust I full expect-
ed to feel it’s sharp claws in my back,
which would not have been so pleas-
ant, a couple of hundred feet up in
the air.

One day I watched the pair chase a
big male Red Tail into a tree and
keep him there. He was so scared
he would not leave the tree for over
an hour after the Duck Hawks had
gone away. There were several pairs
of Barn Owls nesting in the holes in
the cliff and one pair of Pacific Horn-
ed Owls. Ordinarily the Hawks would
not bother them, but they evidently
saw red when their nests were dis-
turbed and then the Owls and the
Buzzards all hunted their holes.

I saw one unfortunate Horned Owl
take a nose dive to the bottom of the
canon one day shy a good many of it’s
feathers and the Buzzards all went out
of the canon faster than they seemed
to want to.

The nesting dates vary somewhat,
according to the nature of the season.
Wet late springs retarding.

I have taken fresh eggs on March
24, April 9, April 11 and April 14.

Incubation commenced on April 4.
Advanced on April 10, April 19. Far
advanced on April 8, April 10, also
May 13, second set, probably ad-
vanced.

The young birds heard on my first

THE OOLOGIST 43

visit to the canon must have been two
thirds grown when I heard them, from
the noise they made, and that was on
April 14th.

The normal number of eggs of this
pair of birds would appear to be four.
I have taken 9 sets in all; four of four
eggs and five of three. But of those
five only one showed signs of incuba-
tion. In all probability a day or so of
delay in visiting the nests would have
meant another egg in four out of the
five sets. The second set of 1909 had
three only and was doubtless com-
plete. The set of three of 1903 con-
taining one advanced and two infertile
eggs was also doubtless complete.

Five sets of the nine taken are now
in my collection. Seventeen eggs in
all. The average measurement of
them all is 2.09 by 1.66. The largest
ege being 2.14 by 1.70. The smallest
1.99 by 1.65. The five sets average
2.12 by 1.63 (3 eggs) 2.01 by 1.65 (3
eggs 2.10 by 1.64 (3 eggs) 2.11 by 1.67
(4 eggs) 2.10 by 1.69 (4 eggs). All
these eggs are pretty much of the
same shape, marking and _ ground
color, which is the dark form.

Some, taken before they had been
incubated at all are of the beautiful
cherry shade that so soon fades in
the light and with incubation. The
latest taken eggs appear to be rather
lighter in shade than those taken
earlier, and to be of slightly different
shape, being more obtuse at the smal-
ler end. The greatest departure from
rormal shape is in set No. 6 where
there is one egg which measures 2.17
by 1.64, the others being very close
to normal.

C. S$. Sharp,
Escondido, Cal.

In the Haunts of the Duck Hawk

By S. S. Dickey, Washington, Pa.
Having heard much of the Duck
Hawk from naturalists who have had

a first hand knowledge of the species,
it has for some time been my desire
to see the birds in their native haunts.
And, as with all else in which the
mind of man loves to become ab-
sorbed, ornithology falls in line with
the maxim, “it’s the unexpected that
happens.” If such were not so I dare
say we who study the birds should
miss much of the joy in pursuit of
such pastime.

During June of the present year I
spent a week-end in the mountains of
central Pennsylvania and stayed at
the home of an experienced hunter
who knows that part of the country
thoroughly. In talking with him con-
cerning the birds of the region I in-
quired if the raven had been seen in
his neighborhod, and he replied that
only a few years ago he had seen a
nest of this bird on a rocky craig two
miles across the mountain that lies
behind his house.

The hunter gave me instructions. as
to how I might reach the bluff and
his young son and I set off along the
path. The day was clear and warm
and birds sang all about us,—Parula
Warblers, Blackburians, Black-throat-
ed Greens, Black, and Whites and
others,—but I could not linger long
with them, even though I had a desire
to do so. Soon we descended the far
side of the ridge and came to a narrow
road which lay at the base of the
mountain and extended beside -the
rushing waters of the Juniata river.

Here and there rocky cliffs and
lichen-covered crags jutted out from
the dense foliage of the hemlocks and
occasional white-washed areas from
the droppings of some bird could be
distinctly seen in the distance. But
as we had not: yet found a cliff high
enough to meet the descriptions of
the hunter we kept on down the road
until we emerged from the denser for-
est growth and entered a little clear-

44 THE OOLOGIST

ing where a saw-mill had done its
work of devastation. From this open-
ing a general view of the steep mount-
ain side was had and it revealed a
jagged, rocky cliff towering some
three hundred feet above us. This
we decided must be the place we were
looking for, and I started to ascend
the rocks. No sooner had I reached
the lower shelvings of the bluff than
the strange cries of a bird caused me
to glance out over the river far below,
and there I at once recognized my
first Duck Hawk. It circled and dart-
ed about, apparently much distressed
at my intrusion on its long cherished
abode. Soon it was joined by its mate
and together they sailed about in the
usual falcon maneuvers, which so
much reminded me of certain actions
of the little Sparrow Hawk.

Earth had accumulated for years in
the cracks and crevices of the cliff
and a few scraggly hemlocks and low
black birches had sunk their tangled
roots beneath this soil. By grasping
hold of these I pulled myself from
shelf to shelf until I reached the high-
er point of rocks. Here I felt sure
the faleons had their nest, for numer-
ous feathers and bones were strewn
upon the rocks and white washed
patches of rock extended below the
crannies. But certain crevices that
lay beneath protruding shelves were
inaccessible to one without a rope.
Thus I gave up the search and paused
a while to watch the circling, scream-
ing birds until they vanished across
the mountain ridge which lay over
the river. Then they were seen no
more.

Upon my return to the hunter’s
home I asked him if he had ever seen
these “rock hawks” near the cliff and
he told me they had been there ever
since he was a little boy. He and
some neighbor men had at various
times visited the nest, which he said

was in a crevice beneath a projecting
ledge at the extreme point of the
bluff, and had taken the young birds.
Just last spring his brother had
secured two young Falcons which he
was attempting to raise at home. Ac-
cording to his tale there were never
more than three and sometimes only
two young. To his knowledge no or-
nithologists had visited the nest and
few persons knew of its location.
This then is undoubtedly an isolat-
ed pair of duck hawks which the
Pennsylvania ornithologists have
never located. It is my desire to visit
the place next spring and find the
nest and examine the eggs, and if
good luck favors me I shall have more
to say concerning this wary falcon.

The Broad-Wing Hawk

The broad-wing hawk although not
common, is not know to Hast Texas.
They do not frequent the more settled
portions as do the Red Shoulder, and
the Coopers Hawk, but are seen more
often in the bottoms and wooded dis-
tricts and usually at a great distance
from human habitation.

The Broad-Wing starts mating and
nest building about the last part of
February and finish laying before the
middle of March. Their nests are
large structures, usually in the fork
of an Oak and range from thirty to
sixty feet from the ground; they are
made of course twigs and lined with
green leaves, usually pine straw. The
eggs, which as a rule are three in
number, average slightly larger than
those of the Red-Shoulder. These
birds are very wild and leave the
nest when the tree is “tapped” and
circle high above the nest while the
nest is being examined or the eggs
collected.

The Broad-Wing, along with the
rest of the Hawk family, is very much
persecuted by farmers and hunters,

THE OOLOGIST 45

who say that the Hawks eat chickens
and game birds, which is true to a
small extent. However the chief food
of this bird (around here) is cray fish
which they catch in the shallow ponds
and streams, and field mice, and oc-
casionally a small bird or chicken;
but on the whole they are beneficial
birds and should be protected by law
and custom.

Out of ten nests of this species ex-
amined in the last three years, in
about half of them I have found the
limbs around the nest scarred with
shot, where the nests had been shot
at to break the eggs or kill the young
birds, but in only one case have I
ever seen any damage done and then
only one egg was broken. This is due
to the great thickness of the nests.

DeLoach Martin.

Notes on the Food of Certain Birds
of Prey

By J. H. Bowles, Tacoma, Wash.

For many years past I have been
much interested in the study of the
food and feeding habits of the birds
of prey occuring in the state of Wash-
ington, keeping a careful table of the
contents of all stomachs examined.
It would take up too much space to
give a detailed account of the results,
“which might prove tiresome, but a
few excerpts here and there may
prove of interest.

Circus hudsonia—Marsh Hawk. This
hawk is a summer resident on the
east side of the Cascade Mauntains,
but on the west side we know it only
as a somewhat rare fall visitor. The
only stomach I have had for examina-
tion contained the remains of two
Western Savanna Sparrows, but in
the gullet of this same hawk was a
mouse. This might prove damaging
to the reputation of this handsome bird
of prey, if we did not bear in mind
that these sparrows skulk about inthe

‘Red-tailed Hawk.

-mination to prepare them.

grass in a manner to make them
easily mistaken for mice. At any
rate, let us give the hawk the benefit
of the doubt.

Accipiter velox—Sharp-shinned
Hawk. This species, together with its
close relative the Cooper’s Hawk (Ac-
cipiter cooperi), I believe do more
harm than all the rest of the raptores
together. In a great many stomachs
of the Sharp-shinned, which is com-
mon, and a few of the rarer Cooper’s,
I have seen not one from this state
that contained anything but birds, and
I do not remember of ever seeing a
stomach of either variety that was
empty. The Sharp-shins are not sum-
mer residents west of the Cascades.
The Cooper’s is resident throughout
the year. I have examined the stom-
achs of two broods of young, about
three-quarters grown, and the parent
bird that were bringing them food. In
all of them the stomachs were packed
full of small birds, the old birds be-
ing full up into their throats. The
most striking point was that all of
these small birds appeared to be nest-
lings, many so young that it seemed
impossible that they had left their
nests. To me it seems beyond a doubt
that the hawks had systematically
hunted the nests and taken the young
birds out of them. The largest bird
that I have ever seen taken by the
Cooper’s Hawk is the Oregon Ruffed
Grouse, which it captured in full flight.
..Buteo borealis calurus—Western
In a considerable
experience, both in California and
Washington, I have never known this
species to capture a bird of any kind.
Their food appears to consist entirely
of mammals, snakes, and carrion of
many kinds. This last feature has
been so apparent in some specimens
that it needed a considerable deter-
In one in-
stance one of these hawks was caught

46 THE OOLOGIST

in a trap set beside a dead hen that
had been killed by a Western Gos-
hawk. In another instance a Red-tail
was seen hovering over a fallen fir
branch, under which was found a hen
that was badly clawed, but still alive.
Circumstantial evidence seemed to
point to the hawk as the guilty party,
but I feel practically sure that it was
the work of a Dusky Horned Owl. The
locality is full of these owls and it is
a regular habit with them to hide such
of their prey as they are unable to
eat, returning the following night for
another meal. I have read of a few
instances where stomachs of Red-tails
have contained fowls, but I am strong-
ly of the opinion that they were eaten
after something else had killed them.
The only living bird that I have act-
ually known them to catch was a
Baldpate Duck, that was wounded and
hiding under a bank. The Hawk, an
immature bird of the year, flew di-
rectly in front of the bow of a row-
boat in under a shelving bank of the
river, where it caught the duck and
carried it to the bank. In this case
I am firmly convinced that the hawk
mistook the duck for a muskrat, which
are commn and a favorite article of
diet for them. These hawks will sit

for a long time in the top of some
tree directly over where flocks of
ducks are swimming about in the
water below, but the ducks never
seem at any time to show the least
signs of fear, and I have never seen
the hawks pay any attention to them
whatever.

Haliaeetus leucocephalus leucoce-
phalus—Bald Eagle. Everything in
the animal line, with few exceptions,
seems to find favor with these eagles
as part as their bill of fare. In the
northwest fish seems to constitute the
greater part of their diet, probably the
greater part being eaten after it has
been cast ashore dead. Along the
coast of Alaska the Northern Bald
Hagle is a great pest to the fox farm-
ers, who raise different kinds of foxes
for their skins. A constant watch
must be kept, as the eagles are com-
mon and likely at any moment to
pounce down and carry off some three
hundred dollar beauty. Once in a
while an eagle will make a mistake,
as was the cause with a skin in the
possession of Mr. D. EH. Brown, of
Seattle, Wash. This bird had tried to
dine off a porcupine, the result being
a throat full of quills that very

naturally caused its death.

Nest and eggs of Western Willett—Photo by J. W. Sugden, Salt Lake City.

THE OOLOGIST

SANT EN NET NTE

ane

(ALAA LCN Si aA NAO ARES NI

Ruby-throated Humming Birds. Nest on stick.
—Drawn from nature, by S. S.

Hickey

47

48 THE OOLOGIST

Days With the Ruby,throated Hummer
By S. S. Dickey, Pittsburgh, Pa.

A bird’s nest. Mark it well. Within,
without.

No tool had he that wrought; no knife
to cut.

No nail to fix, no bodkin to insert,
No glue to join. His little beak was

all.

And yet how neatly finished! What
nice hand,

With every implement and means of
art,

And twenty years apprenticeship to
boot,

Could make one such another? ~

—Hurdis.

While I was quite a little boy I
went one evening to visit at the home
of my parents’ friends and well re-
member a discovery which one of the
older folks made when we were sitting
on the porch; this person found a
dead male Ruby-throated Humming-
bird caught in a tangle of vines that
adorned the border of the veranda.
My love for birds caused me to take
this hummer, while no one was watch-
ing, and run to my home with it.

A few years later while I was still
a mere boy the gorgeous little hum-
mers visited the touch-me-nots in a
neighbor’s womans flower garden, and
to me thed seemed like wonders from
an enchanting and unknown world. So
a boy friend and I prepared a net and
placed it on the end of a long pole,
determined to capture one of the
sprightly creatures. But try as we
did, day after day, we could not catch
the bird in our net.

Then a new scheme was decided up-
on: a gum-shooter was made and a
pocket full of small white beans se-
cured. By waiting for the bird to

alight on a clothes line wire and then
sending a shower of beans at him we
eventually stunned-one of the little
fellows and bore it home in triumph.

Perhaps the natural daintiness and
beauty of the Ruby-throat made it an
endearing bird with me, but I am in-
clined to believe that those early day
associations with the species helped
profoundly in making me greatly ad-
mire this glittering dwarf of birdom.

Therefore, as nesting seasons ar-
rived, I always hoped intensely to find
the home of a Hummingbird. But
years rolled by and not a nest was
seen, until, perchance, late May of
1906. On Memorial day of that year
I went to a deep wooded gully in
search of varius birds’ nests and

happened near a group of sugar
maples which stood in the denser por-

tion of the woods. A drink from a
spring, and a rest, resulted in my
hearing the sound of a Ruby-throat as
it darted about in humming flight. A
careful watchfulness revealed the bird
and its nest. The domicil was built
well out on a horizontal branch of
one of the sugar maples and was about
thirty feet from the ground. In cut-
ting the limb off with my ax I jolted
it and spilled the two white eggs which
rested so prettily within the little
home. ;

Thus as the season of 1907 came
round a special effort was made to
find another hummer’s nest. On May
18, as I passed along a woodland road
which wound about a hillside, a hum-
mer buzzed past and lit in a tree be-
side me. Then she flew to a small
dead branch at the lower side of a pin
oak tree where she wove some build-
ing material about the roughened
bark. Although the nest was visited
soon again it was not until June 4
that the set was completed and the
treasure secured. Swinging in a
strained position, with saw in hand
and much perspiration wetting my
brow, I collected the nest while the
little owner darted back and forth in
chirping dire distress.

THE OOLOGIST 49

Thereafter many nests of the Ruby-
throat were observed, but one in par-
ticular remains as a fond memory
picture. I was passing one early June
day by the border of a dense wood-
land which skirted a creek and
sheltered a steep hillside. A meer
dull sound, as of a hummer’s flight,
reached my ear and caused me to keep
a sharp eye out for the little bird that
caused it. But the sound died away
and I was about to depart, when the
bird returned and settled on its cozy
nest in an ironwood. overhead. A
climb into a neighboring tree showed
that the nest was a contrast to the
ordinary type in that it was built on
the top of a last year’s domicil. Thus
it looked much larger than does the
usual home of this bird.

I collected this nest and its con-
tents of two incubated eggs and placed
them with the small series then in my
cabinet. But some years later they
became the property of James B. Car-
ter in whose possession they remained
until just recently when this young
man disposed of his superb collection.

Since the discovery of the preceding
nests several others have come under
my observation, but just one of them
is unusual enough to be worthy of
special mention. It was built on a
small dead stick that had fallen and
lodged on two branches of a slender
hickory sapling which grew on a
wooded hillside.

Odds and Ends

During about thirty years of collect-
ing in the various branches of Natural
History, I have found a few freaks
that may be of interest to the readers
of The Oologist.

When still a small boy, I saw some
trees of odd growth; one was com-
posed of two trees grown straight,
about two feet apart and connected
' by a cross piece not quite horizontal;

two others had straight bodies with a
limb grown out a ways and then back
into the tree a little higher up;
another was a tree which had en-
closed and lifted in its growth, a
large rock resting in the fork of its
branches. Also two grown up about
seven feet and then united.

Some of our neighbors had a pair of
black squirrels for several years, and
a few years ago, I saw one near a
Swamp (not freaks). Another neigh-
bor had five, I believe it was, pure
white squirrels. I saw two of them
when they were four or five years old.
I later saw a live creamy white Gray
Squirrel and also a skin. I also saw
a fox squirrel with entire underparts
black.

A neighbor had a five legged cow
for years.

I once had for years, a tape worm
taken from a fish. Also had a crooked
fish which was probably due to in-
jury. I was also told of a_ white
striped gopher.

I have handled maybe fifteen or
twenty pairs of Screech Owls, and all
but two pairs were, one bird red face,
and one gray face. Of the other two
pairs, one pair was gray face, and the
other pair red face.

I have found one nest of Brown
Thrasher built on the ground by a
vine and two nests of Mourning Dove
on the ground, one in a stubble field
and the other in a marsh well hidden
by the side of a high bog, among tall,
coarse grass three feet high; truly an
odd place for this bird. Also a nest
of this bird on top of a post in a large
woods close by a much travelled road.

I have seen one, and been told of
one partly albino English Sparrow.
Have collected one set of Albino Blue
Jay’s eggs, with usual spotting, and
one set of Blue Birds, pure white,
little gloss; both of five eggs each. I
later found a set of four Blue Bird,

50 THE OOLOGIST

and as I went to collect them I saw
a Red-headed Woodpecker making a
meal off of them.

I have a runt Red-headed Wood-
pecker’s egg from a set of five, and a
runt Meadow Lark found on a bag in
a big marsh. I have a three or four
story nest of the Yellow Warbler. I
once found a small nest of some bird
containing six eggs of the Cow Bird.

I have a picture of a set of triplet
calves. I also have a photograph, and
also saw, a group of five babies, at
one birth. It was possible for these
latter to have all lived, but under cir-
cumstances existing at the time they
came into the world, they all died.
The mother was alone; all boys.

I have a star fish with six arms. I
have seen many doubles and tribies
in fruit and nuts and of course in
flowers. A five fingered man lived
for years in our city of Columbus,
Wisconsin.

George W. H. Vos Burgh.

A list of birds observed near Vin-
ton, Iowa, mainly along Cedar River:
Robin, Com.

Blue Jay, Com. out of town.
Mourning Dove, abundant.
Bobwhite, one heard.
Black-billed Cuckoo, several.
Bluebird, Common.

Great Blue Heron, two or three.
Green Heron, Common.
American Crow, Common.

Pigeon Hawk, one.

Great Crested Flycatcher, one.
Downy Woodpecker, common.
Redheaded Woodpecker, common.
Purple Martin, common.
Baltimore Oriole, several.

Purple Grackle, common.
Northern Flicker, several.
Spotted Sandpipper, several.
Belted Kingfisher, two or three.
White brested Nuthatch, several.
Several varieties of Sparrows and

Warblers and a large Hawk not ident-
ified.
Dated Sept. 1918.
Geo. W. H. Vos Burgh,
56 Maple Ave.,
Columbus, Wisconsin.

Newspaper Ornithology

The following is a sample of the
idiotic stuff which drifts through the
press of the country to the detriment
of the birds and which indirectly in-
creases the unnecessary extinction of
many birds. Not long since the press
was filled with telegrams about the
awful invasion of the Groshawks. Now
that seem to have worn out so keep
the columns filled, the Owls have be-
gun to eat up the hogs of the country.
All such silly slush should be kept out
of the columns of any self-respecting
publication.

—Hditor.

Attacks
: May- Die
Chicago, Dec. 13.—A huge owl, when
shot and wounded by John O’Connor,
a summer resort keeper at Grassy
Lake, Ill., attacked him with his beak
and talons, inflicting gashes which
may prove fatal. The bird, snow
white, was four feet in height,
weighed nearly seventy pounds and
measured eleven feet from tip to tip
of its wings. It finally was killed.

11-Foot Owl Hunter, Who

Owls Devour Pigs
Patriotic Chinaman Loses
Them
Chemanius, B. C., April 20—Sam
Yikkee, Chinese patriot and pig raiser,
is distressed and the potential pork
production of Canada has been re-
duced by ten fine pigs as the result of
the depredations of horned owls.
Sam Yik Kee had ten sturdy little
pigs. Then there were nine, and he
couldn’t account for the_ shortage.

Ten of

THE OOLOGIST 51

Next day another disappeared. Hach
day thereafter the Yik Kee piggery
was shy another suckling animal.

After the nine had disappeared the
Chinaman happened to look upward
and saw the carcass of one of his
choice pigs hanging from the limbs of
a tree. The mystery was solved. He
had been robbed by horned owls. An
active war is now being waged against
the feathered thieves.

WHO?

The following lis of large sets of
eggs is from the collection of W. A.
Strong of San Jose, Calif.

LARGE SETS

6-19 Pied-billed Grebe. June 17,
1900. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

6-19 Pied-billed Grebe. May 31,
1903. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

77 1-6 Black Tern. June 18, 1889.
J. Claire Wood. Detroit, Mich.

135 1-17 Gadwell. June 6, 1893. W.
A. Strong, Tulare, Cal.

194 1-6 Great Blue Heron. May 3,
1902. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

219 1-12 Florida Gallinule. June 9,
1901. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

221 1-11 American Coot. June 6,
1893. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.

289 1-17 Bob-white. June 25, 1898.
J. T. Overstrut. Smith Co., Tenn.

289a 1-15 Florida Bob-white. April
29, 1885. F. T. Pamber. Miami, Fla.

294 1-17 California Partridge. June
2, 1892. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.

294a 1-20 Valley Partridge. May 18,
1904. Nelson K. Carpenter. Escon-
dido, Cal.

331 1-6 Marsh Hawk. May 19,1907.
J. Claire Wood. Detroit, Mich.

339 1-5 Red-shouldlered Hawk. April
19, 1903. J. Claire Wood. Detroit,
Mich.

339 1-5 Red-shouldered Hawk. April
1, 1901. J. Claire Wood. Detroit,
Mich.

Out of 47 sets of this species Mr.
Wood took 2 sets of 5.

339b 1-6 Red-bellied Hawk. May 5,
1894. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.

352 1-3 Bald Eagle. March 13, 1904.
J. Claire Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.

360 1-6 American Sparrow Hawk.
April 18, 1894. W. A. Strong. Tulare,
Cal.

365 1-8 American Barn Owl. March
22, 1893. W. W. Warren. Tulare, Cal.

373 1-6 Screech Owl. April 5, 1909.
Guy W. Day. Sidney, II].

373c 1-6 California Screech Owl.

April 26, 1896. E. D. Parker. Pasa-
dena, Cal.
378 1-10 Burrowing Owl. April 20,

1894. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.
387 1-4 Yellow-billed Cuckoo. May
12, 1915. Dr. M. T. Cleckley, Augusta,
Ga.
412 1-8 Flicker. May 18, 1902. Wal-
ter C. Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.

412a 1-12 Northern Flicker. June
10, 1897. CC. N. Davis. Branchport,
Ni: ¥.

447 1-6 Arkansas Kingbird. May 8,
1895. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.

474b 1-5 Prairie Horned Lark. May
3, 1905. Walter C. Wood. Detroit,
Mich.

477 1-6 Blue Jay. May 25, 1884. J.
F. Hill. Granville, N. Y.

477 1-6 Blue Jay. May 20, 1894. F.
H. Carpenter. E. Prov., R. I.

483 1-6 Green Jay. April 18, 1900.
Frank B. Armstrong. Brownsville,
Texas.

487 1-8 White-necked Raven. May
17, 1900. James M. Carroll. Midland,
Co., Texas.

488 1-7 American Crow. April 14,
1898. J. Claire Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

494 1-7 Bobolink. May 30, 1906. J.
Claire Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.

52 THE OOLOGIST

494 1-7 Bobolink. May 20, 1900. A.
W. Plumb. Rankin, Mich.

499 1-5 Bicolored Blackbird. May
10, 1891. W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cal.

519 1-6 House Finch. April 17, 1913.
W. A. Strong. San Jose, Cal.

Out of 100 sets of this species I
took one set of 6. 4

1-7 English Sparrow. April 20,1915.
W. A. Strong. San Jose, Cal.

617 1-7 Rough-winged Swallow. May

30, 1901. J. Claire Wood, Detroit,
Mich.

622 1-7 Loggerhead Shrike. June
13, 1893. Louis Whitfield. Tallahas-
see, Fla.

687 1-6 American Redstart. June 6,
1889. Wellie Phillips. Red Wing,
Minn.

Out of 65 sets of this species in my
possession this is the only set of 6.

703 1-5 Mockingbird. April 16, 1899.
Chas. Harris. Bee Co., Texas.

704 1-5 Catbird. May 21, 1899. J.
Claire Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.

704 1-5.- Catbird. May 26, 1901.
Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.

705 1-5 Brown Thrasher. May 239,
1902. J. Claire Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich.

705 1-5 Brown Thrasher. June l,
1879. Raymond Stevens. Pawlet, Vt.

706 1-5 Sennett’s Thrasher. March
28, 1900. F. B. Armstrong. Browns-
ville, Texas.

706 1-5 Sennett’s Thrasher. April
21, 1900. Frank B. Armstrong,
Brownville, Texas.

725 1-7 Long-billed Marsh Wren.
June 3, 1902. Walter C. Wood. Wayne
Co., Mich.

761 1-5 American Robin.
1899. J. Claire Wood.
Mich.

761 1-7 American Robin.
1913. Ottomar Reinecke.
Ve:

766 1-6 Bluebird.

May 30,
Wayne Co.,

April 21,
Buffalo, N.

April 21, 1900.
Farnham, N. Y.

Ottomar Reinecke,

766 1-6 Bluebird. April 28, 1901.
Bradshaw Swales. Rochester, Mich.
766 1-6 Bluebird. May 1, 1901. H.

H. Spicer. Detroit, Mich.

768 1-6 Mountain Bluebird. May 2,
1900. W. S. Hathaway. Silverton,
Colo.

W. A. Strong,

San Jose, Cal.

Delos Hatch
Writes that he is confined to the
house most of the time and in a rock-
ing chair and he adds sorrowfully,
“do not expect to ever collect any
more.” We extend to him our sincere
Sympathy in his misfortune.

The Trumpeter Swan

As is well known this the most mag-
nificent of all North American birds
now on the point of extinction, and
the king of the wild fowl of the world
is still subject to the brutal persecu-
tion of the “fool with the shot gun.”

We recently received a clipping giv-
ing an account of the killing of one of
these birds in Kansas. Of course it
was the only one seen at the time or
there would have been more of them
killed. Whether the killer was hanged
to a tree by his neighbors, as he rich-
ly deserved to be, or how he escaped
the punishment he so justly deserved
for violating the Federal Bird Law, if
he did escape it, we are not informed.

The following article from the New
Orleans Picayune of Jan. 18 of this
year will be of interest to all bird
lovers, though the statement relative
to the last birds being seen in 1907
and 1915 is not strictly accurate; there
still being at least one place known
to a few ornihtologists where this bird
has nested regularly in very limited
numbers for a number of years passed
and where it has been accorded strict
protection.

“A pair of very rare trumpeter

THE OOLOGIST 53

swans, with a single young, are spend-
ing the winter on Bayou Sara creek,
near St. Francisville. This was the
latest society note in birddom = re-
ceived by the State Department of
Conservation from Edward Butler of
West Feliciana parish, who is a noted
bird observer and wild life protection-
ist of that section.

The occurrence of a single individ-
ual of this species of waterfowl today
is more than worthy of record, but the
observation of a pair, with a cygnet
in the characteristic gray plumage of
the young, is a positive sensation in
the bird world. The last trumpeter
swan observed since Ernest Thompson
Seton saw seven in the Saskatchewan
in 1907, was when a big gander vis-
ited the Louisiana state wild life
refuge in the winter of 1915. It flew
down to the preserve with a flock of
Canada geese and in the spring went
North with the wedge of geese.

The officials of the Department of
Conservation held high hopes that it
would return the following winter with
a Mrs. Swan and possibly a pair of
cyenets. But contrary to these expec-
tations the lone, and supposedly last
members of its race, returned to the
refuge unaccompanied by others of its
species, and took up its winter resi-
dence on Fearman lake. During the
month of February a resident of Ab-
beville passing through the refuge on
a dredgboat shot the bird “for curios-
ity” and taking it home enjoyed a din-
ner of “roast goose.”

This was the last record of a trum-
peter swan being seen until Mr. But-
ler’s startling news reached the office
of the department Friday morning.
“No doubt you will be interested in
learning that three trumpeter swans
have been on Bayou Sara creek since
late December,” he wrote. ‘“‘They are
a pair with one young, the latter show-
ing gray plumage. Every effort has

been made to keep them from being
molested and it is gratifying to know
that nearly everyone seems to be in-
terested in their welfare. They are
usually found below the bridge, but
when disturbed by people passing too
near, they go in the dircetion of the
Mississippi river.’”

The appearance of these rare and in-
teresting birds in the West Feliciana
country calls to mind the fact that it
was in this part of Louisiana, and par-
ticularly along Bayou Sara creek, that
the great Audubon spent the most suc-
cessful periods of his career as au art-
ist preparing the drawing of wild
birds that afterwards won him fame
and renown as the foremost bird art-
ist of his time. Special efforts will be
made by the Department of Conser-
vation to see that these birds receive
proper protection during their stay in
Louisiana. They are also protected
by the federal migratory bird law.”

A Soldier’s Birds

My year in France is up today, dur-
ing which I have gone through every
American offensive and have finally
landed in a hospital with a “‘snoot full”
of gas. I had a letter today from Law-
ton Graham, who suggested. that I
write you of what bird observations I
had made over here. When I began to
sum up the year, I found that I had
learned nothing of birds.

Only at one place where I have been
there has been an abundance of bird
life. When we took our first permanent
sector last spring, it was near the
frontier, where the last foot hill of
the Vosges levels into the rolling
country of French Lorraine. On this
same hill some one had built a small

single room hut just at the edge of a

pine forest. It must have been the
haunts of some artist for it was made
of colored tile and plaster and roofed
with red tile. The outside walls were

54 THE OOLOGIST

covered with paintings of flowers, but-
terflies and. birds, a huge fresco of
roses hung above the door. From
here I had a good view. The lines ex-
tended for miles and one could see
nine towns, three within the Huns
lines and five within ours.

The first night and day proved that
I was in a paradise of birds. The
fields below were fairly covered with
crows and magpies, who paid little or
no heed to the occasional roar of our
guns. Overhead a pair of hawks
circled and flew upward until they
were faint specks in the sky. Occa-
sionally I would find myself in the
midst of a flight of darting swallows,
that passed so close that I was kept
dodging. A chickadee peeped at us
inquisitively from behind a tree and
gaining confidence mounted quickly
to the top, to peer and search in that
busybody way he has. I knew then,
that I was going to like that sector.
And I did.

I proceeded to become acquainted
with all my feathered neighbors I
found the chickadee had his home in
a shell torn atub nearby and visited
him until seven ugly youngsters lined
up at “right dress” outside the door.
I learned that I had only to lie down
in the fields below and the sky larks
would mount straight into the sky
and burst into a song more melodious
than any opera house can boast.

That spring, three pair of field spar-
rows raised young before my shack, a
wren picked out the gallery of my
cugout for a place to raise six healthy
youngsters. At night I could hear the
far away ‘notes of a Whippoorwill, but
never saw or flushed one during my
stay. There were dozens of kinds of
birds that I learned by sight but we
had no way of learning the names of
them.

Last June we bad our quiet sector
farewell. As we passed through the

town, where battalion headquarters
had been, the swallows seemed to en-
velop us with their queer unguided
flight. The little clay daubs under
the eaves had done their work well
and the world seemed alive with
them. Away up in the sky four dim
specks were circling.

Way off to the left a gun cracked,
and that reminded us that there was
a war. But it was now over and we
hope to it that it is the last. But I
would like to spend that spring over
with a book on French birds. If any
one knows of one or of a French or-
nithologist, I would appreciate the
where and how of it.

Lieut. C. R. M. Leudon.

In a late number of the Oologist I
noticed an account of a Ruby-crowned
Knight seen in Pennsylvania on Dec.
14, 1916. Is not the sight of one in
Northern Minnesota on Thanksgiving
day, Nov. 29, at a latitude of 48 deg
N. quite as rare? Especially so when
you consider that Montgomery Co.,
Pa., lies at 40 deg. N. Lat. and is near
the coast and East of the mountains.
The one I saw above referred to was
entirely alone and would indicate that
they linger along until the severe
weather set in to drive them South
almost by force. I don’t blame them
for not wanting to leave the norjh
with its rigorous healthy climate un-
til nature forces it to. The weather
four days after Thanksgiving dropped
to 6 deg. below zero and the river and
the land took on its blanket of snow
and ice.

Red Lake Falls, Minn.
L. E. Healy,

I had the good fortune to see a
Blue Grosbeak near our town last
June. This is the first record for our
County (Geauga) and so far as I know
for this part of the state.

F. E. Ford,

THE OOLOGIST

WANTED—Volumes i1
Thorburn’s British Birds.

volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,/¥
Pennsylvania.

WANTED—American Ornithology Vol.
VI; Oologist Vol. XXVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-'¥¢
ogist and Oologist Vol. ; Various *%
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of !
Journal Maine Ornithological Society; *=
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-°;;
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, ete. H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

FOR EXCHANGE—Sets 128a-5. One
runt 373d-4, 486-4, 722an/6, 1918 col-
lected. HENRY W. DAVIS, Box 844,
Atlantic City, N. J.

EXCHANGE—First class sets with
data. Nothing back 1915. Would be
glad to have your list and year collect.
ed. HENRY W. DAVIS, Atlantic City,
. J. Box 844.

EXCHANGEH—A- sets of 364, 203, 352.
Desire shore birds, especially 261, 281,
277a. All letters answered. ERNEST
K. SCHLEICHERT, U. S. Geological
Survey, Washington, D. C.

WANTED—A. L. singles, small holes,
388; 387, 622e; several each. Old U. S.

and 2 of,
Very hand-

Y

€

Z

: Powe Eee VOS. BURGH,
56 Maple Ave., Columbus, Wis.

EXCHANGH—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
for insects, cucoons. Will also sell or

pound microscope.
HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-

WANTED—A mounted Albino Squir-
rel or skin suitable to mount. Pash
BIGGS, San Jose, I[1l.

MISCELLANZOUS.
FO RSALE—A High-class collection

BE. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-

sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.
EXCHANGE—One Telescope, French
14 1-2 in.
Good
Will trade for sets.
LEWIS LUNS-
HORD, 27 N. Union St., Petersburg, Va.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,

AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.
EXPERT FIELD NATURALIST COL-

Collector or Institution. Parties mean-
ing business address JOHN W. DAN-
IELS, Jr., Western State Hospital,
Staunton, Va.

ae)

9)

A

ha!

30% :

Vv

, EXCHANGE—Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
fLYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

: FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
dterflies. Price-list on application, for de-
flivery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS 8. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
'Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
“psKins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
“net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-

“nedd Valley, Pa.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls

. eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi-

tion. Ask $5.00, cost "$9. 00. Send offers of ex-
change. J OHNSON N EFF, Marionville, Mo.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
quainted with active Oologist in New York
City, Westchester Co., or pens with view
to expeditions next sprin S. please
ee RAYMOND F LLER, ‘white Plains,

FOR EXCHANGE— Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. Pee
Hybrid) Also many natives. Want A No.1
eet of 288, 364. A.J. KOTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

Who has skins or mounted fox squirrels,
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc., in
the entire U.S

I want to get into touch with young
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEFF, Marionsville, Mo.

FOR HXCHANGE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EHARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS -WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Haton. Please state price.
Ee _MOUSLEY, , Hatley, _Quebec. fore.

WANTED— One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. =

AN EXPHRT field naturalist and col-
lector, would travel in South America,
the West Indies, or Eastern Columbia.
Am an expert in the preparation of
large and small mammals and Bird
Skins. Would collect in branches of
Mineralogy, Ornithology, Conchology,
Eneomology, and Botany for private
collector or an Institution. Parties
meaning business please address JOHN
W. DANIELS, Jr., Western State Hos-
pital, Staunton, Va.

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

‘“‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific

but edited in such a way that a be-
inner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un-
erstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in

the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

READ

*Blue- Bird’’

Pubilshed in co-operation with
the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’
Association, and devoted to

Bird Study and
Conservation
$1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
AGENTS WANTED
NO FREE COPIES

Address
EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R.
1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

The Bruce Museum of History, Science and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.

Nothing will be considered that is not up to

the standard of this Museum. That means

perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.

BRUCE MEMORIAL MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut

Paul G. Howes” - : - Assistant Curator

THE OOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVQ No. 4. ALBION, N.-Y.;, xekim. 1, 1919, WHOLE No. 381

Female Woodcock Brooding Eggs, Cook County, Illinois
—Photo by Gerald A. Abbott.

fi THE OOLOGIST
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Btc., inserted in this department at 26 ee

for each 25 ‘words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 eent.

serted for less than 25 cents.

No notiee hg

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal
in the same. These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

In answering advertisements in these columns mention ‘The Oologist,”’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, II}.

MALE SKINS WANTED—679, 676, 658,
622. 612. 6id, S97 DAT.
price when writing. J. P. BALL, 5001
Frankford Ave., Philadelphia, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North

LAIN, Af Lincoln St., aa Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. R. M.
BARNES, Lacon, I11.

W ANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.

souri and Kansas.
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north of
the center of the Uz. S. If the birds are

EXCHANGEHE—Fine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JEWEHTT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE:—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

I desire to exchange bird skins and Butter-
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot:Guns, Double Bar-
rel, preferred. Good condition. D. V. HEM-
BR E, Roswell, Ga.

WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.
Boston, Mass.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken
in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including Buropean
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Eagles, ete. Make offers in eggs

in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notices
for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap-
preciate it if you would arrange the

numerals in your exchange netice in
theif? numerical order, and not tamble
them together hit and miss, as some ef
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTED—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Ill.

W ANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
CHER, Norton, Kansas. Box 455.

EXCHANGE NOTICE-—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

W ANTEHD—A-1 Sets of all birds eggs,
common or rare, with data, or in broken
sets with data. JOHNSON NEFF,
Marionsville, Mo.

TO HEXCHANGE—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

Who has sets 240, 244 328, 330? Can
offer in exchange sets 57, 249, 264, 337a,
347, 355, 357 358. DR. HLMER LANGE-
RIN, Crookston, , Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE—Bird eggs in sets
with data; also nest and eggs. Also
wish to buy a pair of Peacock’s and
hen, or their eggs for propagation.

JOHN LARANG, Genesee, Idaho.

FOR EXCHANGE—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
£05.22 1-1, 107 d-1, 108.1 .1-=25 Sipe
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 474i N- 2; 475 1-5;

N-5; 741 N-6: 743 N-7: 748a N-7, N-5.
J. H. BOWLES, The Woodstock, Ta-
coma, Wash.

FOR EXCHANGE—Eeges in sets; A.
O. U. Nos. 141-148, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gleveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,
Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
DEN, 47 S. Highth St., Salt Lake City,

THE OOLOGIST lil

EG6S— Continued

I will pay the highest cash price for
such North American Birds Eggs that
I need to complete series in any collec-
tion. Send me your lists.

R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I1l.

EXCHANGE—Wanted this season’s
1919 collected sets. Can use many Com-
mon. Cash for same. Send list price
per set. Sets for others. HENRY W.
DAVIS, Box 844, Atlantic City, N. J.

WANTED-—Sets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and Ahlornado Falcons, I have
many Bird magazines for exchanee or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VIINo.1. C.M.CASE,
306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, Conn.

WANTED—tLists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
/Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. EB.
PRICE, Grant Park, I1l.

W ANTED-—Singles or broken sets in naa
tities, or Small lots; also books on Taxiderm
curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.
Dayton; Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE— European and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
can species. . W. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
sifted, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F.
GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and eggs,
over 100 kinds. Wanted anything. DR.
W. S. STRODE, Lewiston, Illinois.

desired with reliable collectors.
Have fine sets of 105.2 and
others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTED—I want to buy first class
bird eggs, in sets, with data, if prices
are reasonable. JOSEPH WIGGLES-
WORTH. Wilmington, Delaware.

WANTED—Choice sets of anything
from Nos. 514 to 605 inclusive and
choice sets of finches from any part of
the world wanted especially Longspurs
and variety sets. Also sets or series of
261, 498, 501, 619, 703 and 761. Good
European and other sets offered in best
condition. K. L. SKINNER, Brooklands
Estate Office. Weybridge, England.

WANTED First Class, complete sets, all
apenas of Eagles, Kites, Falcons. Loons,

ropic birds, Hawks. Owls, Vultures, Waa-
ers, Warblers, Finches, Send lists in full
with terms. Dr. T. CLECKLEY, Augus-
a, a. ‘

FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets, with
data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4,
375d 1-2, 617 1-5, 685b 1-3, and others, for sets
needed in my collection. C. BADGER, Santa
Paula, Calif.

FOR SALE—A fine white oak cabinet suit-
able for birds, nests, eggs, or other natural
history specimens. Contains 20 adjustable
drawers. Details uponrequest. S.S. DICK-
EY, 212 East Maiden St., Washington, Pa.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full
seat i C. HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-
wood, O.

WANTED—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet Tanager, Indigo Bunting, Gold Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. Chicago. [11.

WANTED-—A-1 sets of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have full data.
Can exchange A-1 shells or cash. Write what
you have, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-

ER, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

CORRESPONDENCE DESIRED WITH

501b- 501c- 507-509- 511a- 513a-602- 619- 627a- 628-630-
633.1-648-671-687.
Rev. H. E. WHEELER. Conway, Ark.

WANTHD—A ist class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B. S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR HEXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in: sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Pacific

description, especially
authenticated.

foreign if well
“A drawer to a species”
is out motto. 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,
Bird Books and magazines. BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield, N. Y.

BOOKS.

WANTED—Vol. I and Vol III of
Ridgway’s Birds of North and Middle
America. Can offer Vol. V and $1.50
for either vol. and cash for the other.
Ww. C. HANNA, Colton, California.

THE WARBLER — Second series.
Seven volumes complete, $3.50 post paid.
Very few full sets left. Volume 1 and
2, with a dozen exquisite colored plates
of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
$1.00. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y.

Iv } | THE OOLOGIST

WANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State
edition, condition of books and best
cash price. F. EH. FORD, Chardon, O.

WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and
index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4, 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early
volumes and single copies of Oologist, many
Nos. of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of
pete JOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City,
owa.

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R. E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FOR SALE —Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar per volume, carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P. Quebec.

WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols
1-9 inel., Bird Lore Vols.1and 2 incl., Nos. 1
and 2 of Vol. 3; No. lof Vol. 7; The Oologist of
Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.
The Ornithotogist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.
ia F, BOLT, 1421 Prospect Ave., Kansas City,

oO.

W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Oologist. Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. L. W.
Maynard, RALPH W.JACKSON, R. No. 1.
Cambridge, Md.

FOR SALE—Vols4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What am I offered. GHO. E. OSSTERHOUT,
Windsor, Colorado.

WANTED—Back numbers of many
amateur bird publications. List of de-
siderate sent to anyone having any-
thing in this line for sale or exchange.
Also have many numbers of Auk, Con-
dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Buli.
Cooper Club, ete. to exchange. A. C.
BENT, Taunton, Mass.

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or
ut of print North American Amateur spd
Rare ublications in existence. Price

M. BARNES, Lacon, Ill.

FOR HEXCHANGH—Osprey Vol. I, II,
III, IV and Y.. New Series No. 7 & Me
Condor, Vol. VI & No. 1 of Vol. VII.
Wilson Bulletin No. 69. Birds & Nature,
Vol XIII. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5. Vol. LXV,
No. 1; Birds Vol. II, No. 5 and 6. Auk,
Vol. XXIV and No. 3 of Vol. XXV. Birds
of Wygming, Birds of Iowa. These will
be exchanged or sold only as a whole
for best cash offer or extra good sets.
W. H. BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

EXCHANGE —Large number of Oologists
and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely
prepared of common land birds. Part VII
“Birds of North and Middle America” for
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or
exchange. pe. ‘Birds of Washington, D. C.
and fe a Mrs. L. W. Maynard.
RALPH W. JACKSON, Cambridge, Route 1.
Maryland.

WANTED—July, 1908, and January,
1911, numbers of The Auk. State price,
or can offer a few personally taken sets
of eggs. HAROLD M. HOLLAND, Gales-
burg, Ill.

WANTED—Baird Brewer
ways Water Birds.
ways & Bird Notes.

& Ridg-
Thompson’s By-
Bird Lore, Vols.

1-15 inclusive. W. D. RICHARDSON,
4215 Prairie Ave. Chicago, 2-3t
W ANTED—Oologist Vol. III No. 2;

Vols. IV, V, VI; Vol. IX, No. 11; Vol.
XVI, No. 3. “Birds of Essex County,
“Putnam Catalog of the Birds
of Connecticut,’ by Linsey; “Familiar
Science and Fanciers Journal,’ Vols. 5
and 6 HARRY S. HATHAWAY, Box
1466, Providence, R. I.

WANTED—Good prices.paid for the

following following magazines: The
Oologist, Januy and Feby 1887; April
1889; also Nos. 232, 266, 270, 300. The

Osprey, Vol. 3, Nos. 9 & 10; Vol. V, Nos.
5 & 7. New Series Nos. 4 & 7; Nidiolo-
gist, Vol. I, Nos. 3, 5, 6; Wilson Bulletin
Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 82, 84, 92, 95, 96, 97 and all
old U. S. Stamps before 1870, singles,
pairs, strips, also on the covers, must
be in fine condition. LAURHN TREMP-
FEHR, 136 N. Dewey St., Philadelphia, Pa.

ORNITHOLOGISTS, OOLOGISTS and
MANNALOGISTS, ATTENTION!—I am
planning a trip to the Hudson Bay Re-
gion for the coming summer. Those de-
Siring material will place orders now.
Will consider active man joining me
on this venture or some one paying ex-
penses and collect for him on shares.

I have for sale or exchange: Ridge-
way’s Birds of N. and M. Am. Vols. 1 to
7 minus 3; many vols. and odd numbers
of Wilson Bull Oologist, Bird Lore,
Birds and Nature, O. and O. (Am. Nat-
uralist Vol. IX, 1875) Blue Bird, Birds
of Va., Birds of Md. and many others.
Want cash, books on Ornithology, Man-
nalogy, Eggs in sets, and Auks Vol. 1
to 5, Bird Lore Vol. 1, Nos. 2 and 4, Vol.
ple Nos. 2 and 3; Vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 and 3.

H. H. BAILEY, 319 54th St., Newport
News, Virginia.

NOTICE
terfiies this season for cash. AIl1 inter-

ested write me. Prices low. Specimens
guaranteed. D. V. HEMBREIH, Roswell,
Ga.

FOR SALE—Birds of North and Mid-
dle America, Parts 1 to 7, $ .25; “Auk”,
Vols. 16 to 23: $1.50 per vol. or $10.00
for the lot. EVERETT E. JOHNSON,
Herbron, Maine. R.R.1.

FOR EXCHANGE—Two sets of but-
tertlies in eiker mounts, size 8 by 14, for
a small bore shot gun or rifle. D. GOLD-
BERG, R. R. 3, Rockville, Conn.

NOTICE to cash buyers of Southern
Butterflies I will collect and sell at low
prices this spring all Southern Butter-
flies. D. V. HEMBREE, Roswell, Ga.

SKINS WANTED—Cash or trade. Al-
berte Squirrel, Dark faced Fox Squirrel,
Cioit and Ringtail Cats, Oppossum,
Mountain Beaver, Little chief hare,
Douglas Squirrel, Prairie Dog, Grey
Fox, Golden Chip Monk, also avocet,

Roadrunner, Limpkin, Ibises, Least Bit-
tern, Barn Owl, Mockingbird. OLIVER

TRAFFORD, St. Eugene, Ontario, Can.

THE OOLocIs

VoL. XXXV. No. 4 ALBION, N. Y., APRIL. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 881

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ml.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Kxamine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December-issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post offiee al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

YING ANE AIAN? ASNANE

:

NOTICE

i @

All Oologists desiring to vote for members of

:

ac
NS 3)

@
\

the Committee to fix values in the coming Oolo-
=>

e~—

a
Ls
XK
a
x
&
Las
r
WAS

gist are notified that their ballots must be in the

SN

hands of Dr. R. B. Bales, Cireleville, Ohio, on or

4 @

;

Sa

before the 20th of the coming month of May.

Swiasia

st Sak aS TN a NN

56 THE OOLOGIST

Around Red Lake In a Launch

By L. E. Healey
Part III

Until two o’clok that afternoon our
little engine kept up its steady “puck-
puck” in the perfectly calm waters of
the North shore. The sound became
monotonous; the sun shone hot; we
grew drowsy in the sunshine and took
turns at the rudder while the other
slept. This shore was fringed with
bull rushes the entire length of thirty
miles. The banks were low covered
with a heavy growth of mixed timber
both deciduous and coniferous. Here
and there was an abandoned Indian
teepee and camp, used no doubt the
fall previous during the deer hunting
season; and now and then a winter
home built of logs and white-washed.
Invariably at these Indian houses was
to be seen the flag pole at the shore
and the bird house on a pole back
near the house. It was the case every
where coming up the river or along
the lake. Wherever there was a per-
manent abode there was the inevitable
bird house on a pole. We passed the
mouths of seven ditches leading in
from the North striking the shore
line almost at right angles, one every
two miles, part of the great state
drainage system for the mammoth
swamps north of the lake. These
ditches appeared as_ great water
avenues leading out to some promised
land, for the water stood in them al-
most on a level with the surface of
the lake. We could get a glimpse as
we passed of the great area beyond
We were looking for Anderson post
office toward the northeast corner of
the lake but we never saw it and we
were told afterwards that the store
stood out facing the lake where the
land was high. The writer was hav-
ing his turn at a snooze. He still be-
lieves that Bud was sleeping too, and

that is how we missed Anderson post
office.

I was awakened suddenly by arush
of breakers and a bump on the boat.
I jumped up and tried hastily to col-
lect my wits for I had been just hav-
ing the lovliest time eating ice cream
and cake and pie and _ strawberry
shortcake, and to be thus suddenly
aroused. I found it hard to adjust
myself to the situation. “We're strik-
ing bottom.” ‘Yes, so I perceive,”
was my reply as the stern hit again
and a great breaker came in at the

rear. “Where are we? What place
is that?” “It must be Anderson
Post Office.” “But there’s a river

that must be Washkisk.” And the
force of the wind would indicate
that we were now going down the
east end of the lake having rounded
the curve on the northeast corner. We
were now going with the wind which
that forenoon we had been battling
against. “Let’s find the channel of
the river and get deeper’ water.”
Faster than one can tell it we were
going with the wind and the breakers
were getting larger and in the trough
of each large wave we were striking
bottom though we were full three
quarters of a mile from the shore. “Oh
wow, look out.”

We had hit hard and the breaker
came in in buckets full. “Jump
quick.” Another followed and this
time filled the boat so the fly wheel
was giving us a perfect shower bath,
and the batteries and coil, too. Then
the engine died but we were holding
the nose up into the wind in water
scarcely knee deep. “Gee, what a
picture.” I reached for the kodak and
backed off but the shutters were full
of sand. So the picture of our predica-
ment remains only in memory. We

headed for the mouth of the river
toward the last of a line of piles that
had been driven away out into the

THE OOLOGIST a7

lake. They marked the channel for
the larger boats, and as we approach-
ed dragging our boat against the
waves, the water became deeper, so
deep that we could not manage it. We
were lifted off our feet with each
large wave. While thus. tusseling
with nature which surely got the best
of us this time, we heard the hurried
puck of another launch. They had
spied us from the shore up the river
some half a mile and were coming to
the rescue. The life saving crew of
Washkish towed us into port at just
two p. m. What a fitting wind-up for
that peaceful, monotonous journey,
along the quiet waters of the North
shore. It seemed that every day
brought new and more glorious ad-
ventures.

We found here quite a town, a well-
stocked general store, an auto, a town
hall with a piano, a pool room, a post
office, a house or two, and a farmer
with a wagon We learned that we
were just off the Reservation at this
point and that home-steaders were oc-
cupying the more desirable land to
the east.end of the North Lake. An
auto road led over the bridge across
the river to Kelliher, the nearest
railroad town some twenty miles dis-
tant and Uncle Sam had established
a mail route to this point. This was
our first chance to drop a line home
although it had to travel a rather
round about way to get there. We
found the Tamarac River to be a fine
deep stream of water carrying in more
water than the Red Lake River was
taking out. The surface evaporation
on Red Lake of course is enormous.
Here some large muskilounge are

caught weighing from twelve to thirty-
two pounds and although we did our
best during our short stay to land one
of the big fellows, the largest we were
_ able to hook.was a twelve and a half
pounder.

It was a fine river to travel

up by boat, float down and cast as you
floated for it was quite free from
snags and weeds. That evening we
gave a concert in the town hall with
piano, saxaphone, cornet and voice.
We certainly had a good time and all
the town turned out for it was all
free. We were invited by the store-
keeper to sleep in their spare bed, and
although at first we had some misgiv-
ings, we have said since that we found
a real home that night and we enjoyed
it, too; togged up in the best we had,
shaved, scrubbed, cleaned up and went
out into society.

The next forenoon the wind out on
the lake still tossed the waves at will
so we could not venture out. We tried
at noon but came back. We tried
again at four p. m. and came back
again. At six, however, the waves
quieted as the wind began to go down
and we ventured forth much to the
disappointment of our new friends
who wanted us to play another concert
that evening. But we were now be-
hind schedule and feared we would
not make the Agency by Sunday. We
had hoped that the wind would cease
to blow altogether as the night came
on and had dreams of a placid surface
with a moon and clear sailing on the
last lap back to the Narrows where
two nights before we had camped on
the west point. But the wind seemed
to raise and as we went down the
east Shore the waves grew larger. We
had to keep a great distance out from
the shore because of the _ shallow
water. At seven p. m. we sighted
Shotly and decided we would go no
further in such shallow water and the
ever increase wind by night. We
pulled in, dug deeper the channel of
a small creek, pulled our boat into
the sheltering bay and put up for the
night. A young lad of seventeen came
down to the shore to help us. He was
a good talker and spoke his mind

88 THE OOLOGIST

freely. Of course he told us what was
uppermost in his thoughts at that
time as we told him of our trip thus
far. He was wishing for a chance to
get out and see the world. He said
his parents had brought him there
when he was two years old and the
farthest he had been away was one
time to Kelliher, a comparatively new
frontier town. Can you imagine a boy
of seventeen in this civilized Minne-
sota who had never seen a circus, been
to the movies, witnessed a base ball
game, or played a game of marbles?
He was bursting with pent up energy
and the telling of our trip from an in-
habited world to his frontier prison
gave it impetus. We slept that night
in their large two story house, well
finished and well furnished within and
shingled from gable to foundation
without, standing on the bank just off
the sandy beach Questions brought
out the fact that back in the palmy
days of the steamboat this was the
port of entry as it were to the great
Red Lake. Steamers from Thief
River Falls headed in a straight line
from the outlet across the South Lake,
through the Narrows to this point on
the North Lake. This large house
then served as the hotel. There were
two vacant store buildings and an
abandoned saloon with its fancy bar
and gambling tables. It was a place
that in its day had seen many arough
night. The bottles still strewn far
and near, barrels and barrels of them,
still told the tale, and made one think
there must have been a bottle factory
here. But the more recent laws of
Minnesota has put a stop to riotous
drinking in such places, the steamship
lines have long since ceased to operate
and Shotley is but a memory of by-
gone days. The owner once the ruler
of all he surveyed, both men and land,
now made his living from the sweat
of his brow and be it said to his credit

that he did it well. He had a fine well
kept farm with fine stock and hogs.
We supplied our larder with fresh
eggs, newly made butter and real
cream not done up in tin cans.
From my diary at this point and

_ likewise back at Washkish, I find

many of the more common birds
noted, of the more domestic type, the
robin, the house wren, the kingbird and
kingfisher, and we saw him fish, too.
Most every one has seen him dart
rapidly across the water and with that
keen eye of his espying a fish, turn
suddenly upwards, flutter his wings,
drop a few feet with wings still going
in the manner of the hummingbird,
drop a few feet more, evidently charm-
ing his prey when quicker than chain
lightning, he darts into the water out of
sight and comes up with the fish
usually about three inches long in his
claws. Then away he flew with his
rattling holler to an overhanging tree,
there to partake of his early morning
meal. This particular morning he had
evidently discovered good fishing
grounds for he returned several times
to the same spot and performed for
our pleasure the same fete over again.
We also noted the incessant whistle
of the white throated sparrow with his
clear ‘‘pea-a-body-bird” call. We knew
him to be a summer resident in these
parts while at home, a latitude but
twenty miles south he does not remain

to nest. He lingers longer than most

of our transient memebrs of the spar-
row family but he is not a common
summer resident as he is all about
Red Lake.

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”
BEST RESULTS

THE OOLOGISt 59

American Hawk Owl on Nesting Stub.—Photo by A. D. Henderson

Nesting of the American Hawk Owl

The American Hawk owl is not an
uncommon resident in the vicinity of
Belvidere Alberta, though some
seasons they seem more numerous
than others, depending perhaps on the
food supply. Numbers are killed by
imitation sportsmen and settlers’ boys
as they make a good mark for a 22
rifle. This is a pity as they are inter-
esting and useful little birds.

The egg collectors seem to have a
bad name with the wise and learned
men ?) who frame our game laws, but
I would be willing to bet that one
sportsman, or one pet cat or a bird
dog running loose in the breeding

season will destroy more bird life
than twenty average collecting oolo-
gists. I have collected eggs here for
three years and in that time did not
shoot half a dozen birds for identifica-
tion purposes. As for the eggs taken,
every collector knows that when a set
of eggs is taken most birds, by a wise
provision of nature are still able to
lay a second, or even a third set and
raise a brood just the same. How-
ever, as long as our bird and game
laws are made by men whose knowl-
edge of woodcraft would hardly enable
them to tell a muskrat from a beaver,
or a crow from a black bird the col-
lector will be up against harsh and al-

60 THE OOLOGIST

American Hawk Owl on Nesting Stub.—Photo by A. D. Henderson

together unnecessary restrictions.
This has little to do, however, with
what I started to write about, that in-
teresting and talkative little bird, the
Hawk Owl.

On one occasion when loading some
hay cocks which had been left out
and snowed under a Hawk Owl fol-
lowed us around the meadow looking
for mice as the cocks were lifted.
Once it perched on the hayrack itself.
On another occasion when driving to
Edmonton, I noticed one which had
just caught a large white weasel or
ermine. I wanted the weasel and
tried to scare it into dropping it by
shooting but there was nothing doing
and it flew away with its prize.

In looking for the nest of any par-
ticular bird which you have not taken
before it is a great help to know, from
the writings of other collectors, some-
thing about the breeding habits of the
birds.

The date of nesting, the nature of
the locality preferred by the birds and
the usual position of the nest, are all
of prime importance. I had read of
nests of the Hawk Owl being taken
from the top of birch stubs and also
in old crows’ and hawks’ nests, con-
sequently when I made up my mind
to find a nest of this species of owl
I looked in these places, but without
success. Ap as ia

THE OOLOGIST 61

No doubt the breeding habits of
these birds vary in different parts of
their range. Also I looked too early
in the season expecting these hardy
little birds of prey would be very
early breeders. After the first nest is
found it is comparatvely easy to find
others, as no time is lost searching
impossible places at impossible times.

At Belvidere we are situated on the
edge of the prairie country which ex-
tends east to Winnipeg and south into
the states. To the north lies the Great
Northern Forest of poplars, spruce,
pine birch, tamarac willow, alder, etc.,
which, broken only by smaller prairies,
-burnes, and muskege extends north to
the limit of trees. The rainfall is
abundant, and forms of bird life
seems to be those of the east rather
than of the dryer country to the south.
The country in the immediate vicinity,
consists mainly of hills half open and
half wooded with numerous’ small
lakes and muskegs scattered through
the valleys.

This makes an ideal country for
many species of birds especially water
fowls and birds of prey. The particular
haunt of the Hawk Owl is in the
muskeges and here they can usually
be found perched on some dead stub
watching for prey. The Owl has many
different calls and I will try to re-
produce a few of them. On February
19, 1914, I saw a pair in a muskeg
near Paddle River perched on dead
tamaracs. One bird was calling to its
mate at intervals with a screech like
Ku-wee of Pu-wee, and the other
answered with a whistle tu-wita-wit,
tiwita-tu-wita, wita, wita. I then
noticed them in the act of breeding.
On March 13th I went to look for the
nest but was unsuccessful. I saw one

of the birds and heard it screech sev-
eral times “sh-wee.”

- On March 16th, 1915 I again went
out for the nest of the Hawk Owl and

sound found a pair in a small mus-
kege. I watched them for about a
half hour, as I was almost certain
their nest was close by. One of them
sitting on a limb of a dead stub would
lean forward, tilting its tail and bow-
ing its head two or three times and
with a screech like Que-rck, the first
syllable drawn out, and the last short
and emphasized.

I then went about a mile to another
muskeg and saw a number of rabbits
running down a draw toward me into
the muskeg. I watched for a coyote
to appear in the rear but none came.
I then heard a rabbit squeal in the
draw and caught a glimpse of a
brownish animal, shaking something
and after waiting about five minutes,
a coyote walked out into the open to
be promptly dropped by a bullet from
my 30-30 carbine. While I was wait-
ing for the coyote to appear a pair of
Hawk Owls flew into the muskeg.
The two Owls stayed around until
evening when one of them started his
call or whistle, wita-wita-wita-wita,
several times repeated. This call can
be heard any mild evening in the
spring and is audible quite a long ways
off.

On April ist I went out again and
was only a very few minutes, after
reaching the muskeg in locating an
Owl sitting in the broken top of a
dead stub. As the stub was very
shaky I did not try to climb it but
went on to the muskeg where I had
shot the coyote. Here again I was
lucky and immediately found another
Owl sitting in the top of a dead stub.
I climbed to the top of a dead stub
and obtained my first view of a set
of eggs of the Hawk Owl, seven white
beauties as seen in the accompanying
picture. When the bird left the nest
it lit close by and muttered a note of
alarm I had not heard before like
“rike”’ repeated at intervals,

62 '. THE OOLOGIST

April lst was fine and warm and
the ice moved out of the Pembina
River. In the afternoon I saddled my
horse and tied my collecting outfit on
my saddle and with my camera in its
case on my back started out to take
the nest of the two owls. As the last
nest found was the easiest to obtain
a picture of, I took it first. The bird
sitting on this nest was the largest of
the pair and probably the female was,
with the exception of one Goshawk,
the most warlike of any I have had to
deal with.

As I climbed the stub she charged
and knocked my heavy Stetson hat off
and struck me several times on top
the head and quite hard. Once she
put her claws through my shirt and
scratched the skin. I had to watch
her continually and wave her off when
she charged, always straight at my
head, as I was cutting out the side of
the stub to get a picture of the nest
and eggs. The mate appeared onthe
scene soon after I commenced work,
but did not attack like the other. Both
birds remained close by while I was
there protesting with cries of rike,
rike, rike, rike and occasional whir-u,
whir-u, while flying. After I had
erected a tripod and obtained a picture
of the nest, I placed the eggs in my.
collecting box and both birds returned
to the nest and examined it. They
were still there when I left to go to
the other nest. The seven eggs were
slightly incubated and were -in the
hollow top of a dead tamarac or
spruce stub as shown in the picture.
The nest was about ten feet from the
ground and hollow about ten inches
deep. The eggs rested in a hollow in
the crumbled rotten wood at the bot-
tom of the hole. There was no nest-
ing material but this rotten wood and
a few feathers.

After packing up my things, I rode
to the other nest which was in exact-

ly a similar position in the broken top
of a tamarac or spruce stub about
eighteen feet from the ground and the
cavity about six inches deep. The
eggs rested on a crumbled, rotten
wood and a few feathers exactly as
in the first nest. There was an old
Flicker’s nest immediately below so
the birds apparently preferred the hol-
low in the broken top as a nesting
site. This stub was so rotten and
shaky I could not climb it and had to
erect another tripod to secure the six
fresh white eggs. This bird was not
at all pugnacious, only uttering cries
of protest like the other. As soon as I
descended it returned and examined
the nest and sat in it for about a
minute and then left.

On April 4th, I had heard a Hawk
whistling in a muskeg about four
miles from the other nests and on the
sixth -I went to look for the mest,
After walking some distance along ©
the edge of the muskeg, looking at all
likely stubs I saw a Hawk Owl sitting
on a dead tree not far off, and started
over to investigate. Coming to a wet
place I threw a pole across to walk
on and the noise started an owl from
the stub. This nest was about twelve
feet from the ground and down about
a foot in the hollow spruce stub. It
is very difficult to tell the stubs apart
without an ax to cut into them. ‘The
seven eggs could be seen through an
old -Flicker’s -hole almost on a level
with them. They rested on a few
rotten chips and feathers and lay on
top of dry moss and grasses with
which the old Flicker’s nest had been
filled up, likely by a squirrel. The

eggs also .were fresh and it would
seem that the first week in April is
about the time to secure fresh sets
of eggs in this vicinity. Both birds re-
mained about close while J was taking
the nest but were not fighters like the
one at the first nest taken. While |

THE OOLOGIST 63

Nest and Eggs of American Hawk Owl in Situ.

(Stub cut open to expose

eggs for a photographer.—Photo by A. D. Henderson).

was packing the eggs, one of the
birds returned to the nest, and climbed
down, head first, ad remained sitting
in for about a minute and then left.
The other bird came and had a look
but did not enter.

This ended my first successful
season with the American Hawk Owl
and I have not been out for their nest
since those enjoyable days but hope
to renew their acquaintance in the
season of 1919.

A. §. Henderson,
Belvidere, Alberta, Canada.

The Bartramian Sandpiper

By H. H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Maine

It is with a degree of sadness we
view the annual departure each year
of the autumnal migration of our bird
friends. We make a close acquaint-
ance each summer of some family,
likely a different one each year. We
have watched their daily life. Noted
the loving courtship, the interest
taken by both in the erecting or build-
ing of the new home. The care and
anxiety of the mother in the laying
of the eggs and rearing the young,

64 THE OOLOGIST

In the last proud father must do a
share, yet it is upon the _ solitious
mother that house-keeping cares hang
heavy. We have viewed all this, even
taken a clumsy hand at feeding per-
haps, being soundly lectured mean-
while by anxious parents, who rather
resented our interference with the
proper way to bring up a child.
Much greater is the loss then, when
one of these bird friends go to return
no more. When as a boy on my
father’s farm, each returning spring
there came (to spend the summer on
the farm) the Bartramian Sanapiper
or as we called it, the Plover. I well
remember that mellow whistle and up-
lifted wings of the alighting Plover,
the top rail of the pasture fence be-
ing the perch most favored. Bartra-
mian Sandpipers differ most complete-
ly from the generality of its relatives.
It is a Sandpiper which does not fre-
quent marshes, which breeds habitual-
ly on the dry uplands and _ often
perches among the branches of trees.
Coues describes the call as a “long-
drawn, soft, mellow whistle, of a
peculiarly clear, resonant quality.”
This prolonged whistle of the alight-
ing bird together with its habit of
holding its wings for a moment per-
pendicularly, before adjusting them
over its back, makes it particularly
noticeable. While common they were
never plentiful, one or two pairs at
most being the number in our immedi-
ate neighborhood. To the south and
a mile away there being another pair;
three miles to the east and near the
village of Pittsfield there were two
more pairs. While there may have
been others those were the only ones
I ever remember nesting in this sec-
tion. So you see “common” is really
an extreme way of expressing it and
were it not for their open field habits
(rare) would be the word. They
reared a brood each year and were

never gunned on our farm. I hadthe
good fortune to find their nest thus
early in my youth. It was in a past-
ure then clear of all bushes. Some
years it was used as a field and the
hay was cut on it. The nest was situ-
ated at the side of and somewhat
covered by a bunch of grass or tus-
sock as it is called, and contained four
eggs. The bird was flushed from the
nest which was a slight hollow lined
with a few straws of grass. I did not
disturb them. A clerk in one of the
stores at the village heard of my find
and tried to buy them, but I would
not sell. This was the first week of
June. One year while following my
father about the field as he cut the
grass with a mowing machine, a flock
of Plover were run on to and before
the mower could be stopped, the head
of the mother was decapitated as she
sought to defend her young from the
wherring knives of the machine. A
number of years later, in 1894, a boy
friend brought me a set of four eggs
he had collected. This was May 19th.
He describes the nest as a slight hol-
low lined with a little grass, bird on
nest and the eggs were fresh. This
set was from one of the pairs which
nested near the village. These Plover
reared a brood each year up to 1898,
but being near to town were much
hunted each year in August, the law
being off then and the shooting of Up-
land Plover allowed. These, there-
fore were much wilder than those on
the home place, which were protected.
Now not only these have disappeared,
probably shot, but those on the home
farm as well, who were not persecuted
while there at least. I have not heard
or observed a Bartramian Sandpiper
in this section for years. As early as
1888 John C. Cahoon writing for the
Ornithologist and Oologist of the
“Shore Birds of Cape Cod” says of
Bartramian Sandpiper “it was in for-

THE OOLOGIST 65

mer years abundant on the Cape dur-
ing migrations,’ implying a scarcity
at that time. Of its habits he says:
“It is rarely if ever seen on the
beaches or flats, but occasionally
goes on to the dry salt marshes to
feed on the crickets and grasshoppers
that are very numerous there in sum-
mer and autumn.” Knight in Birds
of Maine, 1908, says of the Bartramian
Sandpiper: “This species formerly
occurred commonly during migrations
and was not rare as a summer resi-
dent of various portions of the state,
it is now decidedly less common and
the number of breeding birds which
occur in the state are very few.” Sev-
eral years ago there appeared a news-
paper writeup in a Bangor daily of
the finding of the nest and eggs by a
Bangor taxidermist, Cyrus S. Winch
and in which John L. Childs of New
York figured. This is the last notice
of the breeding of the Bartramian
Sandpiper in the state that has come
to my knowledge. There is no doubt
of the economic value of the‘‘Plover”’
as the food consists almost entirely
of grasshoppers and crickets in the
season. -N. S. Goss in History of the
Birds of Kansas, 1891, says of the
Bartramian Sandpiper: “These birds
should be strictly protected, for they
are beneficial and in no way harmful.”

The eggs measure 1.70 x 1.28, are
commonly four in number rarely five.
W. B. Crispin reported finding a set
of five, (see Oologist Sept. 1912. The
eggs, the general shape which is that
of the Spotted Sandpiper, are pale
buff, a shade richer in color than the
Spotted Sandpiper, spotted thinly on
smaller end, spots increasing in dens-
ity and size toward the larger end,
with umber brown, with an under spot
ting ofa purplish gray; differing from
the Spotted Sandpiper, the spots which
are much darker and lack the rich
shade of the Bartramian Sandpiper.

The nests are hard to find, the birds
being close sitters. The birds grow fat
in the fall, the flesh is tender and well
flavored. When much hunted they
are wild, rise at some distance, fly
high and far. One learns to love their
sprightly ways and soft mellow whistle
and it would be a great pleasure could
we have them with us as of yore.

Lie PURE Sete es BF hts od
Western New York Nesting Dates
By N. B. Wheeler

A list of birds observed nesting in
Western New York in 1912. Although
the list is limited to a single season,
I hope it may be of some interest to
students in this section of New York.
When I first came here, Green Herons
and Black Crane Night Herons nested
near here by the hundreds. Now
there are only a few pairs left. We
have good laws to protect them but
they are not enforced. So of what
use are they.

Nesting dates for Western New

York. Season of 1912.
Pied (Bill, Grepen osha cs8 sk May 30
Am, Mared 'Grebey Few io. es May 30
Wie aarelh, TOG ie. s-. wade ee tae aaa April 22
EPermines A Gullit = es ta ak, Bites cast ence es May 5
Amenicam: Bittern .2.5.5 May 30
east (EAEBGRIN ¢ aie s-c sala Mere a are June 7
Greeny, Weromno2 Se oho a ee ahs May 23
Black Crown Night Heron....May 17
iarttle sBhue Herons i. 8 2s May 10
Great. Blue “Herom:. 2.500.606 es April 25
HIS y AE Ceiling) apts bee weet ar a fhe ea. 5 tg June 4
GRIN. EAU seve oso gba tahoue vase elas May 10
S062 a) 322 i ee Nee ee ee June 7
Hlorida, Gallinwle. 2.20. 60.05. May 23
ANE Rae OOO iad. ws obs ace May 21
Spotted: Sanagpiper..:.. 62... 2. May 30
NAAT CS ee Bos gena k 50 ie wh Ble ald May 30
Bimmer eG TOUSe) cu. oc a ee May 8
Mourns TWOVE:. 66. ose ee as May 8
JUTE gS S [i ae May 15
Coopers, Hawk: . 600i ooh 04 May 21
Hegre Mail Hawk. i ik oe eels des April 4
SPAmOW. UI AM Ka. kee ek Re May 12

66 THE OOLOGIST

SeEreech HOwle we. Aoi wks cole ae Ss May 25
APLC {WO wd AM. wich tne lee who ne ees May 25
Great Horned Owl............ Feb. 20
ATM PES AMO) esr. tnd ive sale ale, « March 18
Black: Seis CwekOo, vii sy Asa be June 9
Yellow Bill, Cuckoo.........; June 10
Belted Kingfisher............. May 14
Hairy Woodpecker............ May 14
Northern Downy Woodpecker. May 10
Red-headed Woodpecker ...... May 30
Northern: A1iGkKer.. 225 see as May 30
Chimmey, Swiftyh is ici. Ws acest: Juue 15
American, .ASPIrey sid esis oleh May 16
Ruby Throated Hummer...... June 11
1G al 271 5 (6 eee ie Sean chee ie ga re ie, a June 6
JPvC YS) CSPME eens & Cae MA. os aa May 14
Acadian Wly Catcher .4). 3.4. June 10
Crested Fly Catcher......... June 13
Woods Pewee.2 hth. secs ae June 5
‘Draus Mlyeatehery i. h.8 deca June 15
Green Crested Flycatcher...... June 7
Alder ly.Catcher... 0.0.0.2 June 12
east” Hiy catcher... i.%. eae43 June 12
J LUD Cure 2 aan ey 0 ce SE ee June 30
AIMeTICAM: (CROW «52. ek wink March 27
ESA AOE OW ica eke eae acorns wees April 23
PSO PO IO Reco) oie Se inte wane kee s Bic June 6
Red Winged Blackbird........ May 10
Neato: laanles ic ca bn eee May 18
Orchard “Oriole. eo hee ous es June 4
Baltimore “Oriole. 2s... 5.4 June 10
Bronze lv Grackie jo. sve orate es ace May 28
PunplerGrackles. hc te. eee BE t May 7
Purple si inGhish ct: somos sakes en May 3
American Goldfinch........... May 138
Vesper “Sparrow: 2.6. 2. toe% May 10
SOME IS PARTOWe acl sw ache os oe May 30
Breld Sparrow -3o)00 2 esis we cheae May 22
Clay Colored Sparrow........ May 30
SWamps: wDArlOW. as .s oso May 18
Savanna Sparrow. s.< 256 0% 4 ves May 30
POMRCE rey itera ote theieeet ani coeters e June 8
Warr ania rs We ho pe olen ky May 28
G21) eb Bi uf 6 a aaa tnt ee ner A= a May 25
Cardinal: 2k cake See eae ssh May 30
Rose Breasted Grosbeak...... May 19
Blue. ‘Grosbeak .:..6.2 see .004 6% May 22
Indigo “Bunling..40..cbsoee eee June 25
DICKGISSEL segs ck) a ck tae edn ee © May 23

Searlet -“Panager....2 ..<feoeea June 1
Bank “Swallow. 2... 2.22 ee May 30
Chit WS wallowerd ais Mele eee May 20
Rough Winged Swallow....... May 20
BarneS wallow. sia... sok enna June 10
Cedar Waxwite.:....7.\ -.keeeee July 6
White Rumped Shrike...... March 30
Loggerhead Shrike: 7.2 sic April 20
Warbling” VireOe. 2. a. fee June 10
wolitarye VAreo.. 220), 25 ineseeee June 14
White Hy edi Vireo A240 ta eee Juue 11
Red Wyed: Vaneos . 25 pe. oem June 11
Hooded Warbler oso... sian July §
Chestnut Sided Warbler...... June 14
Yellow Warbler.....:.:...:...May 3s
Oven Bind so etter ee eee May 30
Yellow Breasted Chat......... May 11
Redstart Fo. ¢ cae. cn ee eee June 17
Brown . Thrasher’. .... 0... ene May 21
Blue Bird. {oes. 4s 0) a. eee June i
Ams URODIN s asks as OS oe ee May 29
Wood Thrushe h:..., /aisen 6 a eee May 29
Wilson. Thrush« i. ..22 0. May 3
House: Wren i000. fact July 30
Lone -Bill,, “Wen... 346.0. see June 15

Tal nat ED a

Evening Grosbeaks
Perhaps you would be interested to
know that we have had a flock of
Evening Grosbeaks (Hesperiphona
Vespertina), thirty-one in number
visiting us since Dec. 11th till Dec.
26, 1918. Hope to see them again as
they come most every morning at day-
break and feed on the seeds of Rock
Maples in my yard So we have had
a good chance to observe them with
and without glasses. The last day
saw five Pine Grosbeaks were in the
same trees, at the head of Whithall.

Adelbert Temple.
Sones aera: fra nee Sa

Game Law Making Good

The Federal game law _ prohibiting
spring shooting seems to have en-
couraged the wild ducks to stay with
us each year. Last year I found four
Mallards’ nests containing full sets
of fresh eggs. Before the Federal

THE OOLOGIST 67

game law took effect, I considered
myself lucky to find one nest a season.
I also found one nest of wood ducks.
This was my first and only nest of
this rare bird.
Mearl B. Wheeler,
East Randolph, N. Y.
2 TE et ee
The “Arkansas Kingbird

The vernacular name Arkansas Fly-
catcher does not refer to the state of
Arkansas. Our good friend Peabody
evidently supposes it does. (The Oolo-
gist, XXXVI, 25, 1919). It refers tothe
type locality, the valley of the Arkan-
sas River, in Colorado or Western
Kansas, which is within the breeding
range of the species. Concerning the
Sage “Hen,” some ornithologists who
strictly follow the rulings of the A.
O. U. Committee on technical names,
do not hesitate to hark back to the
second edition of the Checklist, 1895,
and retain the vernacular name Sage
“Grouse,” using sage “hen” only for
the female and sage ‘cock’ for the
male.

Junius Henderson.
sae CL Saha ee
Early Nesting of Some Common Birds

When I was just a youngster start-
ing out in the collecting realm I never
could wait until the nesting season
was at hand but must go forth to
field, wood, and thicket to search for
nests long before most birds had even
begun to build. But such investiga-
tions occasionally brought reward and
a few exceptionally early nests of
‘common birds were discovered.

Well I remember one late March
day spent at the side of a creek that
flows near the town of Waynesburg,
Pennsylvania. The weather had been
mild for some days and the birds were
frolicking about and chirping in the
weeds and brush. I chanced to pass

quite near a cluster of debris which
had lodged during high water on the
branches of an osage orange hedge,

and out flew a Cardinal,—there was a
newly constructed nest well hidden
from view. About the last day of
March or the first of April it held two
eggs. Due to a heavy freeze this nest
and eggs were deserted.

April 5, 1903 I collected three eggs
from the nest of a Robin that was

-built 10 feet up in an American elm

tree. There had been quite a cold
snap the night previously and this had
doubtless killed the mother bird, for
she lay dead in the nest.

I passed through an old apple orch-
ard on April 2, 1904 and found a nest
of the Bluebird built in an abandoned
hairy woodpecker’s excavation. With-
in the nest were two fresh eggs. About
one week later I found another Blue-
bird’s nest containing full-fledged
young.

April 4, 1904, while in company with
a veteran ornithologist of Waynes-
burg, Pa., I discovered thenestof a
mourning dove built a few feet up in
a cluster of wild grape vines. The
mother bird was sitting upon two
slightly incubated eggs.

April 5, is my earliest record for a
nest and eggs of the Carolina Wren,
although a friend of mine found a nest
in Waynesburg that held eggs late in
March. However, due to cold weather
the birds deserted the nest.

The Phoebe sometimes nests early in
southwestern Pennsylvania. April 8,
1905 I collected a nest and five fresh
eggs from a rafter in the lower story
of a sheep shed, on a high windy
ridge

S. S. Dickey.
ane ETE te De 2 ao is
Redheaded Woodpecker Nesting In
West Haven, Conn.

In looking over my not book for the
season of 1914, I find a record of a
pair of Redheaded Woodpeckers nest-
ing in a telephone pole at West
Haven. .

68 - THE OOLOGIST

My note book reads June 14th,
while walking along the trolley track
which crosses a large salt marsh near
Savin Rock, I discovered a Redheaded
Woodpecker- at- work- excavating a
cavity in the top of a telephone pole.

On July 18th I made a visit to the
nest which contained young and took
four photographs of the adult birds at
the entrance.

The “Birds of Connecticut” gives but
two records of its nesting about new
Haven, one in 1893 and the other in
1909, and as I have been interested in
birds the greater part of my life and,
in all my roaming about the woods
since I was a boy this is the first Red-
headed Woodpecker’s nest to come
under my observation

It was very interesting to watch the
birds’ actions at the entrance as they
never left it unguarded there being
one of the adults in with the young
at all times.

With my glasses I would watch the
old birds as they left the pole and
flew across the marsh to a small patch
of woods and then down in the meadow
grass in search I suppose for insects.

They would not be gone long and
when they returned would alight on
the pole a little below the entrance
and give a few grunting sounds and
the one inside would immediately
come to the entrance and fly away.

Then the one with food would enter
and remain until the other returned
and give the signal to “beat it.”

I wanted very much to collect that
set of eggs but did not dare to run
any chances of getting mixed up with
the Telephone Co. so all I got was a
few pictures of my first “Red Heads”
nest.

Nelson EH. Wilmot.
Ee Se ee A SE
339 a-5-1919

The above mistic figures appearing

on five specimens record the fact that

ye editor opened the season of 1919
with this unusually large set of Red
Shouldered Hawk’s eggs. The nest,
30 feet up in a soft maple tree inthe
over-flowed rive bottoms at Lacon.
Sets of five are unusually rare. Not
over 20 sets of this number having
come under our observation in the
handling of several hundred sets of
the eggs of this bird’s eggs.

ee
The Yellow-Billed Cuckoo

The Yellow-Billed Cuckoo, although
rather common in Hast Texas, is
little know, except by those especially
interested in the study of birds.

These birds are among the last to
arrive in the spring and the first to
start migrating in the fall. They ar-
rive about the middle of April or first
of May and start nest building almost
immediately. Their nests which are
frail structures, are composed of
coarse twigs and are placed usually
in a low bush, though sometimes
they build on the horizontal limb of
a tree, but never higher than ten feet
from the ground. They lay from two
to four eggs but on a few rare oc-
casions, I have seen as many as six
eggs in a set. When the first of
these eggs, which are about the size
of a pigeon egg and a very light blue,
are laid, incubation starts. Often
there may be found young birds and
comparatively fresh eggs in the same
nest.

This bird is one of the most bene-
ficial of all our native birds, being the
greatest enemy of the tent caterpillar.
In the spring and early in the sum-
mer when these caterpillars are doing
the greatest damage to fruit and nut
bearing trees, these birds will fly to
one of the caterpillar “tents” and will
sometimes eat every caterpillar before
leaving it, it being their principal food.

DeLoach Martin.

THE OOLOGIST 69

Fall Migration

For the last three days beginning
Sept. 27, 1918 there has been a con-
tinual flight of the Cliff Swallows,
from five hundred to a thousand in a
bunch. This looks like they have hada
prosperous season. I notice a new visi-
tor every day from the North, Wood-
peckers, Wren, Flickers, Swallows,
Ducks and Grebes continue to arrive
more and more each day. This ap-
pears to me as if we will have an
early winter. I also notice that the
Coots are late about arriving at the
lake. Their season must not have
been as prosperous as the Swallows.
The Scissor-tail Flycatchers are mak-
ing preparation for their southern
journey. I have noticed a good many
Flycatchers that seem to be strangers
from the North. The Herons, Egrets,
Gulls and Terns have been on the
lake in equal numbers. I have
noticed that scarcity of Curlews. I
have not observed but two birds this
month.

Ramon Graham,
PMNS NS St
1918 New Hampshire Notes

Below are a few bird notes from
Jaffrey, N. H., made during a visit to
my old home in 1918.

Colonies of Cliff Swallows seemed
larger and more numerous than in
previous years.

On July 2nd, 1918 I observed a pair
of Chestnut-sided Warblers with a
family of five young fledgings just
outside of the nest.

Black-throated Green Warblers were
observed with young several times.
They nest commonly on Monadnock
Mountain.

Ruffed Grouse are getting scarcer
but one frequently runs across a
female with young. One female had
young able to fly on July 3rd.

Northern Pileated Woodpeckers,
which had probably nested were ob-

served in a certain locality at the
base of Monadnock.

Red-breasted Nuthatches and White-
throated Sparrows are regular summer
residents on this mountain.

The Sandpipers began to arrive
from the North in August. On Aug-
ust 19th, two Pectoral Sandpipers

were observed. This species was not
an ordinarily migrant at Jaffery.
Stuart T. Danforth.
A Tate Nel Won ter oer St. 8S et
Whole Flock of Birds Register at
Palace Hotel

When Harry Annan, assistant man-
ager of the Palace Hotel, San Fran-
cisc looked over the arrivals of the
last two days in the hotel office yester-
day he gasped and said:

“Why, look at this!
aviary has come to town.”

And so it proved, for there were
registered in close proximity the fol-
lowing:

Max Crow, hotel owner of Seattle.

W. S. Sparrow, of Chicago.

C. H. Pigeon, Fort Wayne.

A. H. Swallow, Los Angeles.

H. R. Hagle, New York.

hr. Bs Crane:

“T will instruct the catering depart-
ment to buy a carload of canary seed,”
Annan remarked hurrying away.—San
Francisco Examiner; W. A. Strong,
San Jose, Cal.

ot Solaire ee
Seeing Birds From a Moving Auto-

Mobile In the Alleghany Mountains

Riding in a touing car does appeal
to but does not satisfy the bird lover
who passing over the scenic high-
ways catches glimpses of many birds
alluring to the real bird man who can-
not follow and identify. Certain species
can be distinguished by their promi-
nent marks, characteristic flight or
loud notes but stops and side foot
trips on foot are necessary if one is
to really see our native birds. Oc:

The whole

70 THE OOLOGIST

casionally the binoculars. can be well
used to pick out the color and direct-
ive markings of a flying bird. It may
be stated that the automobile parties
see a little of the landscape and noth-
ing of the birdlife of the passing coun-
try.

The writer vividly remembers see-
ing his first Mocking Bird from a mov-
ing motor truck while getting a lift
along the Ohio River on Hillside
Avenue about eight miles below Cin-
cinnati. He alighted as soon as he
could get the driver to slow up with
-his hurried thanks and expianation
that he had gone far enough and
would walk back. That return walk
showed him half a dozen Mocking
Birds and some beautiful Summer
Tanagers—both species were new to
him and the latter he had seen but
once before.

Referring to the two mountain tours
about to be discussed no special effort
was. made to see a large number of
birds because the writer was the
guest of’ the owner of the machine,
who was not particularly interested
in birds. When a new species was
seen a few notes were penciled on a
vest pocket card. On average run-
ning speed of fifteen miles an hour
was generally held which allowed one
to see something of the beautiful
mountain scenery and to note many
points of interest.

On July 15 and 16, 1916, the first
automobile census was taken along
the way from McKeesport to Stoyes-
town, Pa., via Irwin, Greensburg and
Ligonier) and return—120 miles over
the Lincoln Highway. Twenty-four
species of birds were noted as follows:

Red Headed Woodpecker — The
black and white wing pattern is dis-
tinctive even when the color of the
head cannot be clearly seen.

Flicker—Its ‘‘bounding” flight and
white rump are prominent field marks,

Chimney Swift—This bird can easily
be told by anyone familiar with its
swift erratic flight.

King Bird—This was the character-
istic bird along the mountain highway
east of about Greensburg. One was
seen every five or six miles.

Crested Flycatcher, Crow, Cowbird,
Red-winged Blackbird, Meadow Lark,
Grackle.

Goldfinch—The undulating flight and
color pattern of the male makes this
an easy bird to identify on the wing.

Vesper Sparrow —The white outer
tail feathers of this bird can always
be caught.

Chipping Sparrows, Field Sparrow,
Song Sparrow.

Towhee—Its call note could be
heard above the noise of the machine.

Purple Martin—Colonies of this
swallow were prominent on the prin-
ciple street of Ligonier and Stoys-
town. :

Barn Swallow—The deeply forked
tail with its “‘streamers” is the best
field mark of this bird which is com-
mon in the mountains.

Maryland Yellow-throat.

Hooded Warbler—One was seen in
a laurel thicket when a stop was
made to get ‘gas’ at the foot of a
heavy mountain grade between Ligon-
ier and Stoyestown.

Catbird, Brown Thrasher,
Wren, Robin.

The second automobile census taken
on July 6 and 7, 1918, covered a, trip
from McKeesport to Uniontown and
thence over the old National Pike to
Grantsville, Md.—85 miles—where a
stop was made for the night. The
second day took a party to Cumber-
land, Md., and then north past Bed-
ford Springs to Bedford, Pa., ang over
the Lincoln Highway homeward to
McKeesport covering the ground in-
cluded in the previous trip—147 miles
making a total of 232 miles for the

House

THE OOLOGIST 71

two days. Thirty species of birds
were seen as follows:

Large Hawk—tThis bird, probably a
Red Tail was seen hovering around
the high rocky precipice on the left
of the pike, as we passed through the
“gap” before entering Cumberland.

Sparrow Hawk—A _ small species
exhibiting a peculiar flight alternating
a few rapid wing beats with a short
sail is one of the easiest hawks to
recognize Red-headed Woodpecker.

Chimney Swift.

King Bird—This Flycatcher was
first noticed as we were leaving Union-
town and was again the characteristic
bird but not as many were seen as on
the first trip.

Phoebe—The nervous tail twitch of
this Flycatcher is always noticeable.

Crow, Red-winged Black Bird,
Meadow Lark.

Baltimore Oriole—It was a surprise
to run past this, a rare species in the
mountain, at the crest of Chalk Hill,
one of the high points of the trip.

Grackle, Goldfinch, Vesper Sparrow,
Chipping Sparrow, Field Sparrow,
Song Sparrow, Towhee, Indigo Bunt-
ing. ;
Purple Martin—Nearly every village
has its big Martin box with a colony
of these sociable swallows.

Cliff Swallow—This swallow was
first observed at Farmingham, 12
miles east of Uniontown and seemed
to be common between there and Bed-
ford.

Barn Swallow.

Bank Swallow—At Bedford we ate
dinner at Hoffman’s, on a porch over-
hanging the Juniata River. My atten-
tion was equally divided between the
chicken and waffles and a dozen of
these small Swallows perched on a
wire, about sixty feet away. Every

now and then a few would sally forth
to partake of a succeeding course of
In flight,

their insectorous dinner.

their fuscous wings are several shades
darker in color than their brownish-
gray back, when seen in a good light.
A field mark not given in any bird
book but noted in Bird Lore, Vol. 18,
page 371. The Rough Winged Swal-
low in flight shows one shade of
brown on its wings and back in contra
distinction to the Bank Swallow.

Parula Warbler—This was noted
less than a mile east of Grantsville,
Md. From the moving car the writer
saw a Warbler with white wing bars
and some red on sides of breast, the
general effect was that from a Bay-
breasted Warbler, but since this bird
does not breed here and it was late
for a migrant, the bird may have been
a Parula Warbler, which is common
at some points in the hemlocks in the
Alleghanies.

Maryland Yellow-throat, Catbird.

Wood Thrush—Heard and observed
while stopping to change a tire at the
east end of Frostburg, Md.

Veery—A short tour and stop to ob-
serve the magnificent view from Saint
John Rock revealed the Veery. Its
ringing circles of music were heard
from all sides as we climbed these
rocks and gazed down the mountains.

Robin.

Blue Bird—This bird seems able to
hold its own in the mountains, prob-
ably due to the general scarcity of
that deplorable pest, the English Spar-
row.

Referring to the second trip at
Grantsville, after supper we walked
a few miles eastward over the Nation-
al pike to the stone arch spanning a
beautiful mountain creek to take the
“kinks” out of our legs. As darkness
settled over the silent mountains it
was that a Whip-poor-will would be
heard, but a whistled imitation of
whip-poor-will was the only notes to
break the serene silence of the chilly
mountain air. Had we been here a

72 THE OOLOGIST

month earlier we might have listened
to the weird thrilling call, Whip-poor-

will for May and June are the months

to hear this nocturnal music.
Sh Sie are el ns Wee
Spring Migration

The spring migration at Oberlin
seems to be unusually late this year.
Until yesterday the crows, Robins,
Bluebirds, and a few Song Sparrows
were the only arrivals which had
reached town.

Yesterday afternoon, I visited a
sugar bush five miles south of town,
and the timber surrounding the
“shack” was just alive with birds. A
dozen or more crows had just come
in from the South, and had alighted
in the tops of the tall, bare trees. Tuft-
ed Titmice “peter-ed’” to one another,
a lonesome Red-bellied Woodpecker
and a Yellow-bellied Sapsucker were
busily eating insects on the same
tree, stopping every few minutes to
utter their shrill resonant cries, the
Downy Woodpecker, Flickers, Cardi-
nals, White and Red-breasted Nut-
hatches, and a Red-tailed Hawk were
all contributing to the medley of
songs. Later in the afternoon, the
Screech Owl, and a pair of Great
Horned Owls gave audible evidence
of their presence. A swamp adjoins
the woods on the north, and in the
young, bush-like Catalpa trees border-
ing the swamp, a flock of about forty
Red-winged Blackbirds announced
their arrival. It surely did seem good
to hear them again. A flock of ‘‘Wild
Ducks”I was unable to find out what
kind they were, as all ducks to some
people are “just wild ducks’—and a
flock of Canada Geese had been seen
there that morning. Killdeer, Mourn-
ing Doves, Meadowlarks, Song Spar-
rows and Bronzed Grackles, were seen
between the swamp and the house, a
distance of about eight hundred feet.
Near the house, the Bluebirds and the

Robins were numerous, and, when I
reached the house a huge dish of
warm sugar, just brought over from
the “shack” awaited me! Taking
everything together, it was a most en-
joyable afternoon. Indications are,
this morning, that the belated migra-
tion has reached town.
Helen M. Rice, No. 63.

Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio.

pis a ee

A SET OF SIX PHOEBE’S EGGS

During the past twenty years I have
examined over a hundred nests of the
Phoebe containing sets and young
birds but I have only found one set of
six eggs and never saw a brood of
over five young.

This set of six eggs is now in my
collection and was collected by my-
self on April 30, 1901, at Holmesburg,
Philadelphia, Pa., from a nest.
plastered to the wall of the interior of
a spring house, a yard above the
water. The birds gain access to the
house through the enclosed blinds in
the two small windows. ~

I look in every Phoebe’s nest I find
in hopes of finding another set of six
but from my observations I have de-
cided that clutches of this number are
rare in Hastern Pennsylvania and New
Jersey. Five is the uniform set, four
eggs is frequently laid and three eggs
occur rarely.

Richard F. Miller.

We have several sets of six and one
set of seven in our collection.—Hditor.

aie Wunee ee Cee
Last May, 1917 I found a Bronzed
Grackle’s nest and three eggs in a
hollow stub of a live tree. The stub
projected over a small pond. I thought
it quite an unusual nesting place for
this bird.
Lyle D. Miller,
EK. Claridon, Ohio.
No, this is a common nesting site
for this species—Hd.

THE OOLOGIST Vv

FOR EXCHANGE-—Splendid perfect
New York State Fossil shells trilobite
corals and C. Also sea shells and cur-
ios for U. S. or Foreign stamps in good
condition. All letters answered. ROGER

A. MATHERS, 310 East Main St., Batavia,
NEY.

WANTEHED—Volumes 1 and 2 of
Thorburn’s British Birds. Very hand-

some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

WANTED—American Ornithology Vol.
VI; Oologist Vol. X XVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-
Ogist and Oologist Vol. XI; Various
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of
Journal Maine Ornithological Society;
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, ete. H. H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

EXCHANGE—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
for insects, cucoons. Will also sell or
buy for cash. Wish to buy good com-
pound microscope. What have you?
Write. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

MISCELLANIOUS.

FO RSALE—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
EK. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.00
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer. H.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies._ Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE:—No. 3 Bulls
eye Eastman Kodak, new and in good condi-
tion. Ask $5.00, cost ‘$9. 00. Send offers of ex-
change. JOHNSON NEFF. Marionville, Mo.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
poe with active Oologist in New York

sity. Westchester Co., or nearby, with view
to expeditions next spring. L. C. S. please
write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains,
NYS) be. B.D: No.1.

FOR EXCHANGE-— Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea perv
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene 1 ae

i lso many natives. Want A No.
set of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc., in
the entire U.S

Who has skins or mounted fox squirrels,
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

I want to get into touch with young
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEE, Marionsville, Mo.

FOR HXCHANGE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Eaton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of

Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 BE. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

Statement of the Ownership, Manage-
ment, Circulation, ete., Required by
The Act of Congress of Aug. 24, 1912.
Of The Oologist, published monthly,

At Albion, N° Y.for April, 1919.

STATE OF ILLINOIS,

County of Marshall—ss:

Before me, Viva Lester, notary public,
in and for theState and county aforesaid,
personally appeared R. M. Barnes, who,
having been duly sworn according to
law, deposes. and says that he is the
Editor and owner of The Oologist and
that the following is, to the best of his
knowledge and belief, a true statement
of the ownership, management (and
if a daily paper, the circulation), etce.,
of the aforesaid publication for the
date shown in the above caption, re-
quired by the Act of August 24, 1912,
embodied in section 443, Postal Laws
and Regulations, printed on the reverse
of this form, to wit:

1. That the names and addresses of
the publisher, editor, managing editor,
and business managers are: Publisher,
R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Illinois; Editor,
R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Illinois; Managing
Editor, R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Illinois;
Business Manager, R. M. Barnes, Lacon,
Illinois.

Zz That the owners are: Eva) MES
Barnes, Lacon, Illinois. (There is no
stock issued and no bonds issued. It is
not an incorporated enterprise).

3. That the known bondholders,
mortgagees, and other security holders
owning or holding 1 per cent or more
of total amount of bonds, mortgages,
or other securities are: There are no
bonds issued or outstanding and no no
mortgages or other securities or indeb-
tedness against the publication. R. Ma-
goon Barnes publishes it as a private
personal enterprise only.

R. MAGOON BARNES.

Sworn to and subscribed before me
this 2d day of April, 1919.

Viva Lester, Notary Public.

(My commission expires Jan. 24, 1921).

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR READ
A Magazine of Western 66 ° 99
Ornithology Blue- Bird
Published Bi-monthly by the Pubilshed in co-operation with

the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’

Cooper Ornithological Club of California Association, and devoted to

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth Bird Study and
‘“‘The Oondor’’ is strictly scientific Cc
but edited in such a way that a be- onservation
inner of ‘‘Bird Study” can easily un-
erstand it. $1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ are AGENTS WANTED
written by the leading Ornithologists

of the United States and are illustrated NO FREE COPIES
by the highest quality of half tones. |

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in Addr
the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun- cle

rer ample Copy 30c. EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Dept. R.
ress :
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, 1010 Euclid Ave.

Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal. CLEVELAN D, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
- perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - - Assistant Curator

THE OOLOCIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXV} No. 5. ALBION, N: Y., May L, 1919. WHOLE No. 382

Nest and Eggs of Scarlet Tanager.—Photo by Thos. D. Burleigh

fi THE OOLOGIST
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wan ted, EXxxchange, For Sale, Btc., inserted in this department at 26 eents

for each

serfed for less than 25 cents.

25 words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 cent.

No notice in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same.

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide

exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—HDITOR.

1 améwering advertisements in these columns mention ‘The Oologist,” and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il}.

W AITED—One or two young pigeon
hawks or Richardson Merlins. Must be
absolutely uninjured and no important
feathers broken. Will pay a fair price
for good birds. Write me when nest
is located for instructions as to rearing
and shipping. Would take wild-caught
birds of the year or old birds if clean
moulted. D. R. GRAY, Rockdale, Tenn.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN. 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. R. M
BARNES, Lacon, I1l1.

WANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write EH. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wingtipped this will not
matter. For them I will pay a good
R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III.

EXCHANGHE—Fine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JEWETT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. _WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark,

I desire to exchange bird skins and Butter-
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot Guns, Double Bar-
rel, preferred. Good condition. D. V. HEM-
BREE, Roswell, Ga.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. EHED-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken

in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including Huropean
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Eagles, ete. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notiees
for nests, skins and eggs, we would ap-
preciate it if you would arrange the
numerals in your exehange netice in
(heir numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTHD—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I11.

WANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
CHER, Norton, Kansas. Box 455.

EXCHANGE NOTICE-—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RiCHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

WANTED—A-1 Sets of all birds eggs,
common or rare, with data, or in broken
sets with data. JOHNSON NEFF,
Marionsville, Mo.

TO EXCHANGH—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

Who has sets 240, 244 328, 330? Can
offer in exchange sets 57, 249, 264, 337a,
347, 355, 357, 358. DR. HLMER LANGEH)-
RIN, _Crookston, Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE—Bird eggs in sets
with data; also nest and eggs. Also
wish to buy a pair of Peacock’s and

hen, or their eggs for propagation.
JOHN LARANG, Genesee, Idaho.

FOR HXCHANGH—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
105.2 1-1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1-1; 116 1-1;
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 474i N-2; 475 1-5;
486 1-5; 533 1-8; 588 1-4; 543 1-3;
d60a N-4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1-4; 615 N-5;
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N-4; 726c N-6,
N-5; 741 N-6; 743 N-7; 748a N-7, N-5.

Ie 11, BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock, Ta-
coma, Wash.

FOR EXCHANGEHE—EHggs in sets; A.
O. U. Nos. 141-1438, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gloveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,
Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
DEN, 47 S. Highth St., Salt Lake City,

tah.

THE OOLOGIST Til

EGGS— Continued

I will pay the highest cash price for
such North American Birds Eggs that
I need to complete series in any collec-
tion. Send me your lists.

R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I11.

EXCHANGE—Wanted this season’s
1919 collected sets. Can use many Com-
mon. Cash for same. Send list price
per set. Sets for others. ;
DAVIS, Box 844, Atlantic City, N. J.

WANTED—Sets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and Ahlornado Falcons, I have
many Bird magazines for ce ear car or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VIINo.1. C. M. CASE,
306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, ae

WANTED—Lists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
Golden Hagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. E.
PRICE, Grant Park, Ill.

WANTED-—Singles or broken sets in quan-
tities, or small ai also books on Taxidermy,
curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.,
Dayton, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE — European and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
can species. C. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

RED CEDAR SAW - DUST—Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
sifted, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F.
GANIER. 1221-17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and esses,
over 100 kinds. Wanted anything. DR.
W. S. STRODE, Lewiston, Illinois.

WAN TED—A heavy ‘marked set of

pay cash or ex-
RALPH W. JACKSON, R .No.
1, Cambridge, Maryland.

others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTED—I want to buy first class
bird eggs, in sets, with data, if prices
are reasonable. JOSEPH WIGGLES-
WORTH. Wilmington, Delaware.

WANTEHED—Choice sets of anything
from Nos. 514 to 605 inclusive and

Estate Office. Weybridge, England.

WANTED First Class, complete sets, al)
eee of Eagles, Kites, Falcons. Loons,

ropic birds, Hawks. Owls, Vultures, Wad-
ers, Warblers, Finches.
with terms. Dr. M
ta, Ga.

Send lists in full
T. CLECKLEY, Augus-

FOR EXCHANGE—Following Alsets. with
data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1, 337b 2-3, 486 1-4,
375d 1-2. 617 1- 5, 685b 1- 3, and others, for sets
needed in my collection. (Gh BADGER, Santa
Paula, Calif.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full
a cS C. HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-
woo

WANTED-—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet Tanager, Indigo Bunting. Gold Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. Chicago. Ill.

WANTED—A-1 sets ‘of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have ‘full data.
Can exchange A-l shells or cash. Write what

ou_ have, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-
iE R, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

CORRESPONDENCE DESIRED WITH
COLLECTORS WHO CAN SUPPLY THE
FOLLOWING WANTS: — 2938a-294-300a-300b-
311-332-336- 337-337b- 373e-377-414- 420-467-483-501la-
501b- 501c- 507-509- 511a- 513a-602- 619-627a- 628-630-
633.1-648-67 1-687.

Rev. H. E. WHEELER. Conway, Ark.

WANTED—A ist class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B. S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR EXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave.,
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Snowy Plover (with nest), Pacific
Horned Owl, Vaux Swift, Black Swift,
Golden Pileolated Warbler, and scores
of others. We desire in exchange excep-
tional nest-and-egg material of every
description, especially foreign if well
authenticated. “‘A drawer to a species”
is out motto. 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,

Bird Books and magazines. BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield, N. Y.

BOOKS.
WANTED—Vol. I and Vol III of

Ridgway’s Birds of North and Middle
America. Can offer Vol. V and $1.50
for either vol. and cash for the other.
W. C. HANNA, Colton, California.

THE WARBLER — Second series.
Seven volumes complete, $3.50 post paid.
Very few full sets left. Volume 1 and
2, with a dozen exquisite colored plates
of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
$1.00. J. L. CHILDS, Floral Park, N. Y.

WANTED—Indian Relics, Books,
Magazines and Pamphlets about Birds
and Natural History subjects. J.
ARCHIE HUGHES, Jearolelstown, Tenn.

IV

WANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State
edition, condition of books and best
cash price. EF. EH. FORD, Chardon, O.

WANTED — Osprey, es ~ No. 3 and
index: New Series, Vol. 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap, gone early
volumes and single copies of Oologist, many
Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of
Osprey. QBN WILLIAMS, Iowa City,
owa i

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R. E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FOR SALE -Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar ber volume, carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P. Quebec.

. WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols

1-9 incl., Bird Lore Vols. 1 and 2 incl., Nos. 1

and 2 of Vol. 3; No. 1 of Vol. 7; The Oologist of

Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.

The Ornithotogist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.

1, F. BOLT, 1431 Prospect Ave., Kansas City,
oO.

W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Oologist. Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. L. W.
Maynard, RALPH W. JACKSON, R. No. 1.
Cambridge, Md.

FOR SALE—Vols4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What am I offered. GEO. E. OSTERHOUT,
Windsor, Colorado.

WANTED—Back numbers of many
amateur bird publications. List of de-
siderate sent to anyone having any-
thing in this line for sale or exchange.
Also have many numbers of Auk, Con-
dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bulli.
Cooper Club, ete. to exchange. A. C.
BENT, Taunton, Mass.

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or
at of print North American Amateur da
page ublications in existence. Price 25c.

M. BARNES, Lacon, Il.

FOR EXCHANGE—Osprey Vol. I, aL;
III, IV and V.. New Series No. 7 &
Condor, Vol. VI. & .No. 1 of Vol. aed
Wilson Bulletin No. 69. Birds & Nature,
Vol XIII. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5. Vol. IXV,
No. 1; Birds Vol. II, No. 5 and 6. Auk,
Vol. XXIV and No. 3 of Vol. XXV. Birds
of Wyoming, Birds of Iowa. These will
be exchanged or sold only as a whole
for best cash offer or extra good sets.
W. EL BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

EXCHANGE— Large number of Oologists
and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely
prepared of common land birds, Part VII
“Birds of North and Middle America” ‘for
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or
exchange.. eager ‘Birds of Washington, DNC:
and. ea eee L. W. Maynard.
RALPH W. JAC SON, ‘Cambridge, Route 1,
Maryland.

WANTED—July, 1908, and January,
1911, numbers of The Auk. State price,
or can offer a few personally taken sets
of eggs. HAROLD M. HOLLAND, Gales-
burg, Ill.

THE OOLOGIST

WANTED—Baird Brewer
ways Water Birds.
ways & Bird Notes. Bird Lore, Vols.
1-15 inclusive. W. D. RICHARDSON,
4215 Prairie Ave. Chicago, 2-3t

WANTED—Oologist Vol. III No. 2;
Vols. IV, V, Vi; Vol. LX, No, aa Volk
XVI, No. 3. “Birds of Hssex County,
Mass.’ ; “Putnam Catalog of the Birds
of Connecticut,’ by Linsey; “Familiar
Science and Fanciers Journal,’ Vols. 5
and 6. HARRY S. HATHAWAY, Box
1466, Providence, R. I.

& Ridg-
Thompson’s By-

For a limited time will exchange the
Famous Reiber Bird Homes and at-
tracting stations for skins, nests and
eges. Reiber Bird Homes are scien-
tifically constructed and are the only

homes that have the United States
and Canadian government indorse-
ments. You will want illustrated books

describing them, sent free on request.
REIBHR BIRD RESERVE, West Web-
ster, N. Y. 2t

ORNITHOLOGISTS, OOLOGISTS and
MANNALOGISTS, ATTHENTION!—I am
planning a trip to the Hudson Bay Re-
gion for the coming summer. Those de-
siring material will place orders now.
Will consider active man joining me

on this venture or some one paying ex-.

penses and collect for him on shares.

I have for sale or exchange: Ridge-
way’s Birds of N. and M. Am. Vols. 1 to
7 minus 8; many vols. and odd numbers
of Wilson Bull Oologist, Bird Lore,
Birds and Nature, O. and O. (Am. Nat-
uralist Vol. IX, 1875) Blue Bird, Birds
of Va., Birds of Md. and many others.
Want cash, books on Ornithology, Man-
nalogy, Eggs in sets, and Auks Vol. 1
to 5, Bird Lore Vol. 1, Nos. 2 and 4, Vol.
21, Nos. 2 and 3; Vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 and 3.
H. H. BAILEY, 319 54th St., Newport
News, Virginia.

NOTICEHE—I will collect Southern But-
terfiies this season for cash. All inter-
ested write me. Prices low. Specimens
guaranteed. D. V. HEMBREIH, Roswell,
Ga. »

FOR SALE—Birds of North and Mid-
dle America, Parts 1 to 7, $ .25; “Auk”,
Vols. 16 to 23: $1.50 per vol. or $10.00
for the lot: EVERETT E. JOHNSON,
Herbron, Maine. R.R.1.

FOR EXCHANGEHE—Two sets of but-
tertlies in eiker mounts, size 8 by 14, for
a small bore shot gun or rifle. D. GOLD-
BERG, R. R. 3, Rockville, Conn.

NOTICE to cash buyers of Southern
Butterflies I will collect and sell at low
prices this spring all Southern Butter-
flies. D. V. HEMBREH, Roswell, Ga.

SKINS WANTED—Cash or trade. Al-
berte Squirrel, Dark faced Fox Squirrel,
Cioit and Ringtail Cats, Oppossum,
Mountain Beaver, Little chief hare,
Douglas Squirrel, Prairie Dog, Grey
Fox, Golden Chip Monk, also avocet,
Roadrunner, Limpkin, Ibises, Least Bit-
tern, Barn Owl, Mockingbird. OLIVER
TRAFFORD, St. Eugene, Ontario, Can,

THE OOLOGIST.

Vou. XXXV. No. 5 ALBION, N. Y., May 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 882

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Iil.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December. issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post office al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

OTTOMAR REINECKE’S LAST CONTRIBUTION TO “THE
OOLOGIST”

EMU
Dromaeus Norae-Nollandie

HIS large bird is the only one to our knowledge of which

the eggs have below the outside dark color to more
below, a light bluish and a white color, which are shown on
the accompanying photograph. It took an eminent artist
to do this work. The photo represents the exact size of the
egg.

The Emu is about the size of the Ostrich. According to
reports of former travelers, it occurred abundantly in Bot-
any Bay and Port Jackson and also on the south coast of
Australia, but of recent dates it has been crowded more to
the interior and will be found at present on the vast plains

(

es in the southern part of our globe and it will be only a short
BASS duration when this large bird is exterminated, notwithstand-
As ing laws for their protection are now in existence.
, The nest of the Emu is a flat bed or flat form constructed

of grass and also from bark of trees and they lay from seven

to eight eggs, but under favorable circumstances 18 have
been found in a nest, but those were probably the layers
of two females, and it takes not less than four weeks of
incubation to produce the young chicks. The eggs are of
a dark green-bluish color—Ottomar Reinecke.

ANA INA

em

A
DS
if
rs
NS
NS
~
pS

vk
2

NS
2

NS
NS
Yh
DY)

AIS SA AL HIS SAN HB SGD

74 THE OOLOGIST

Around Red Lake In a Launch
By L. E. Healey
Part IV

The day was inclined to be squally
with the sun shining through the riffs
of clouds casting bright spots on the
surface of the lake intensifying the
darker shadows of the denser clouds.
We left Shotley at nine a. m. with the
intention of reaching the narrows by
dinner time. The wind came from the
west and had full sweep of the lake.
We were driving south and southwest
and cut the ever increasing waves at
an angle head on. The shores were
rocky and high, in places running up
to good sized hills, and the water was
deeper and free from weeds. We were
rrogressing nicely and enjoying the
spray as our little craft would catch
a white cap and cut it in two. Away
to the westward where the horizon
was but a line we could see it rain. A
white mist was mixing with the air
and water, combining the elements.
As the moments passed we could see
the cloud grow and it was coming our
way as fast as the increasing wind
could carry it. Gradually the waves
became larger; the ragged edges of
the cloud tossed and flung their warn-
ings at us; the white caps grew more
numerous and ever larger; the black-
ness of the water and the approach-
ing cloud were intensified by the foam
of the breakers and the sunshine about
us. We knew the small storm was
driving down upon us although we
could see it was not large enough to
cover the entire area of the lake. It
was a beautiful sight to behold al-
though it filled us with apprehension
for the success of our little craft with
its curtains drawn to weather it. The
steep rocky shores were not inviting
with the waves pounding themselves
into atoms in their madness, and after
many misgivings, we put down the
curtains and prepared for the worst.

The Largest We Got, 12!4, Pounder
—Photo by L. E. Healy.

But our fears were all in vain. Al-
though the curtained top gave great
sail area, our little engine held the
boat to its true course and the rain
beat down and the waves rolled and
the wind blew, but we were as snug
as a kid in a Ford and never lost a
moment of travel. The storm cloud
passed as rapidly as it had come up
and all was sunshine again. We came
into calmer waters in the lea of the
west point at the Narrows and two
p. m. saw us landed starved, to death.
We never will forget that feed—ham
and eggs and French fried potatoes—
how we did dig in. When in the midst
of this feed of feeds another cloud
seeing us, made a bee line for us and
chased us hurriedly into the shelter
of our ever ready and friendly boat
top. We discovered that the fish were
biting fine and after a few good casts
we set out for Ponema Post Office, a

sa

_ lO — ll ee ee

ee

THE OOLOGIST 75

|
|
{

Long sand spits extended out into the water—Phot by L. H. Healey.

Say! It was glorious battling the wind and waves.—Photo by L. E. Healey.

76 ‘THE OOLOGIST

few miles around the point on the
north shore of the South Lake.
Our trip that afternoon took us by
the most beautiful shore line on the
lake—a series of small bays with
beautiful sandy beeches, separated by
rocky points where the ice had placed
the rocks in bygone spring break-ups
in the fashion of a wall of masonry.
Here and there cliffs rose to bluffs
and mighty oaks and birch, ash and
bass-wood stood crowning’ their
heights, defying the elements. This
entire shore line of a space of about
tewnty miles is inhabitated by a band
of Indians; who dwell in permanent
homes after the manner of the white
man. Pasture fences inclosing cattle
and horses, garden plots of potatoes,
and Indian maize could be seen and
we were kept busy dodging the gull
nets set out from the shore line. Birch
bark canoes, sewed with deer sinew
and seamed with pitch from the fir
trees were moored all along where a
well beaten path gave evidence of a
home in the woods above. In the
midst of this Indian tribe, Uncle Sam
has placed a school, owned and oper-
ated by the Federal Government, for
the purpose of educating and training
his red children in the ways of living
and abiding by the laws of the white
man. This school was built many
years ago at the end of the rifle and
bayonet. It is know commonly as the
Cross Lake School. This a last tribe
of the war-like savage, disliked the in-
trusion of civilization in the midst of
his domain. But the passing years
have told the story and the force of
Uncle Sam’s teaching and training was
to be seen on every hand. The school
consists of two main buildings besides
cottages for the employees barns for
the stock, sheds for the machinery,
coops for the chickens, a water tank
for fire protection and _ cultivated
fields for the farming pursuits. The

boys and girls are taken from their
Indian homes and made to dwell in
dormitories and during the regular
nine months attended school as at a
boarding school. Besides the three
“Rs” they learn to sew, cook, farm,
raise stock, learn the carpenter, black-
Smith and other various trades useful
to their future life. Basket ball, base
ball tennis and other games are
taught and military drill is part of the
program. Although far removed from
railroads and civilization, here ainidst
the primeval forests stands this seat
of learning, training the wild red man
in the ways he should go. We spent
the balance of the day here, were in-
vited to sleep in the dormitory for
the school was not now in session,
and took dinner at the expense of
Uncle Sam and the hospitality of the
faculty. Back in the big timber we
saw families of Indians living in
teepees of tanned hides with the open
fire in the center and the children and
grown-ups lying in blankets around
the edges, cooking over the coals, liv-
ing the primitive life, papoose in a
sack laughing and cooing on the
mother’s back, the old man with hair
in braids and an occasional feather
and moccasins on the feet. It was in-
teresting to us to behold that of which
we have all read. They love this life
and the summer vacation sees the
most of them enjoying it.
To be continued)
Albino

I reported an Albino Quail, (Bob-
Pa.

It was pure white all over

whiet) from Hast Strondsburg,
last fall.
and not full grown. Haven’t seen this
printed and think you have overlooked

it as it is worth recording.
M. J. Hoffman,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

THE OOLOGIST 77

We left Shotlet at 9 a. m.—Photo by L. E. Healey.

The Fish Were Biting Fine.—Photo by L. E. Healey.

78 THE OOLOGIST

Oregon Birds

1. Western Grebe, found along
Crooked River and other waterways.

2. Pied-billed Grebe, found along
Crooked River and other waterways.

3. Mallard, found along Crooked
River and other streams.

4. Mountain Quail, found both in
canyons and on buttes.

5. Prairie Hen, 1-12, found on the
plains and buttes.

6. Mourning Dove, n-2, n-l, does
not begin nesting until June as a
‘ule.

7. Turkey Vulture.

8. Western Goshawk, nesting site
located in canyon wall but too late
for the eggs as the young, 3 in num-
ber, left the nest at my approach.

9. Western Redtail, 1-2, 2-3. Begin
nesting about lst of April or before.

10. Swainson Hawk, same as Red-
tail in nesting habits.

11. Bald Eagle, an occasional visi-
tor, his aerie has been located on
Black Butte by Forest Ranger.

12. Marsh Hawk.

13. Desert Sparrow-hawk.

14. American Osprey, 2-3, both sets
taken off, “Eagle Rock” in Crooked
River.

15. Long-eared Owl.

16. Kennicott Screech Owl.

17. Burrowing Owl, 1-6, 1-8, 1-9, nest
in abandoned badger holes about five
or six feet from the entrance, on a
pile of flaky cow dung.

18. Western Horned Owl, one nest
found in last year’s Red-tail’s nest.
Two young almost ready to leave the
nest. May 16.

19. Northwestern Betted Kingfisher,
found along Crooked River and other
streams.

20. Red-shafted Flicker, 1-8, nest in
cavities of junipers.

21. Gairdner Woodpecker, one seen
at nest entrance but I was in a hurry
and didn’t stop to investigate.

22. Whip-poor-will, flushed from un-
der junipers time and again but
failed to find nest.

23. Western Night Hawk.

24. Hummingbird.

25. Arkansas Kingbird, n-4, nest
with full complement of eggs in lat-
ter part of May.

26. Western Black Phoebe, nest
found 10 feet up in cliffs with five
young.

27. Western Wood Pewee, first

noted on Juniper Butte,

28. Least Flycatcher, 2n-4, n-5, the
first two sets found in a brush pile
and the third one found 6 feet up in
a small juniper snug against the
trunk.

29. Horned Lark, young seen run-
ning over the fields but failed to find
a single nest.

30. American Magpie, 1-6, 1-8, sets
completed in early April.

31. Rocky Mountain Jay, seen on
trip through mountains.

32. Oregon Jay, seen in fringe of
timber. Resident claimed he found
this bird nesting in the junipers while
the snow was still on the ground.

33. Western Meadowlark, 2n-4, 2-5.
Plentiful but the nests very difficult
to find.

34. American Raven, one nest found
in cliffs twenty feet up containing
five young, another located but not
investigated.

35. Lewis Woodpecker, nest located
in an old rotten pine stub 60 feet up
but I could not climb it without
climbers.

36. Clarke Nutcracker, seen in
fringe of timber and believe they
nested close by.

37. Bullocks Oriole, n-5, taken in
juniper on Juniper Butte.

38. Brewers Blackbird, 2n-4, in wil-
lows along irrigation ditch.

39. Western Vesper Sparrow.

40. Gambel’s Sparrow.

THE OOLOGIST 79

41. Western Chipping
2, n-4, both in junipers.

42. Oregon Junco. Bird surprised
with straw in beak on Juniper Butte.

43. Western Sage Sparrow, 2, n-3.
Three is all these birds lay. Full
sets from April 20 to May 15th.

44. Rusty Songsparrow, along water
ways.

45. Pine Siskin, in timber fringe.

46. Oregon Towhee, n-4, one set of
4 eggs, taken at the foot of a sage
brush and about twenty feet from a
water hole.

47. Black-headed Grosbeak, seen
first in shrubbery at the foot of cliffs.

48. Cliff Swallow.

49. Barn Swallow.

50. California Shrike, 2, n-7, n-6. To
my opinion a bird whose beneficial
qualities far outweigh his harmful
qualities. I saw no evidence of mur-
der on his part and as they were
plentiful I had many opportunities
to study him. He killed more grass-
hoppers and impaled them (or those
he didn’t eat up on the spot) than
any other insectivorous bird I ob-
served during the summer.

51. Yellow Warbler, nested in wil-
lows along the watercourses.

52. Nevada Sage Thrasher, 2, n-4,
n-3, n-5, a typical sage land bird. I
never see him mentioned in any pub-
lication. Have any of the Oologist’s
readers an acquaintanceship with this
bird?

53. Rock Wren.

54. Canyon Wren.

55. Parkman’s Wren.

56. Oregon Chickadee.

57. Western Robin, n-5, one egg un-
fortunately broken in _ preparing.
First set of five I have ever found.

58. Western Bluebird, n-6.

59. House Finch.

60. American Dipper, fairly common
along the watercourses. A more in-
teresting bird I never watched. His

Sparrow,

mastery over the water was simply
marvelous.

61. Mt. Chickadee, found in fringe
of timber.

62. Ruby-crowned Kinglet,
along the river and one noted
passed through mountains.

63. Great Blue Heron, noted fishing
along the waterways.

64. American Sparrowhawk, 1-4, a
very beautiful set found in the cavity
of a live juniper the entrance, being
four feet from the ground.

65. Tree Duck. Mr. Allen reported
two pair as nesting near his place on
the Metolius River.

66. Duck Hawk. The old and four
young found in Crooked R. Canyon
about the middle of July.

67. Sharp-shinned Hawk, 2-3 in
junipers. Similar to Red-tail.

L. R. Howsley,
The Dalles, Ore.

A Rare Sight

I had thes pleasure of observing a
very unusual sight this morning (Oc-
tober 24, 1917) at 7:45 as I was going
to work. I saw thirty-five Vultures in
one flock. They were possibly two
hundred feet high and I could not say
positive whether they were the Tur-
key Vulture or Black Vulture, but am
much inclined to think they were the
Turkey. I think this will exceed the
combined number of individual Vul-
tures I have observed for the last two
years. In former years I usually found
four to six nests every season, but the
last two years I have not found or

heard of any being found near here.

C. B. Vandercook,
Odin, Il.

Goldfinches Wanted
Rev. P. B. Peabody, of Blue Rapids,
Ks., wants any of our readers in the
Rocky Mountain region that have
Goldfinches breeding within their

found
as I

neighborhood to communicate with
him,

80 THE OOLOGIST

Cowbird Study In lowa
By Emerson A. Stoner

The writer’s study of the breeding
habits of birds was begun without the
aid of books, and the first two nests
i found containing cowbirds’
sorely puzzled me.

It is well known to oologists that
Molothrus ater, the cowbird’s scientific
name (meaning in Greek “black vaga-
bond’’), does not build a nest of its
own, but parasitically deposits its eggs
in the nests of other birds who hatch
the eggs and rear the young of the in-
truder.

My first eggs of this bird I found on
June 14th, 1906. The rest was a Scar-
let Tanager’s, and contained three
Cowbird and one Tanager eggs. The
female Tanager was on the nest and
the male close at hand. Not knowing
anything about Cowbirds, I immedi-
ately recorded in my notebook a set
of four eggs of the Tanager. The dif-
ference in the ground color of the
eges the Tanager’s a light greenish
blue with brown blotches and the
Cowbird’s, white with brown blotches,
—I pondered over for a while, and in
my ignorance finally decided that the
blue ones must hatch out female Tan-
agers and the white ones male Tana-
gers, or vice versa. Such are the dan-
gers of accepting notes and data writ-
ten by amateur oologists.

On the same date as above, about
fifty feet away from the Tanager’s
nest above referred to, I found an
empty Wood Thrush’s nest. Both of
these nests were on horizontal limbs
of white oaks by the side of a foot
path running through a small ravine.
The Wood Thrush’s nest I again visit-
ed on June 24th, and found it to con-
tain one Wood Thrush’s egg and three
of the same species of bird that had
laid its eggs in the Tanager’s nest.
Naturally, I called this later set in my

ees

note book “one egg of the Thrush and
three of the Tanager.

But I began to grow doubtful about
such shiftless nesting, and during the
summer I had access to some bird
books in the City Library, and through
the study of these 1 straighteried out
my problems. Cowbirds had laid three
eggs in the Tanager’s nest, and three
eggs in the Thrush’s nest, and the
rightful owners of these two nests
were sitting on and hatching the eggs.

Since the experience with these first
two nests containing Cowbird’s eggs,
I have discovered quite a number of
other nests, some containing eggs and
others young of the Cowbird. I give
below some of the species in whose
nests the bird lays its eggs, together
with the locations and seasons of the
year during which the Cowbird breeds.
All of the nests were found in the
city limits of Des Moines, Iowa.

June 1, 1907—Nest of Wood Thrush,
15 feet up in crotch of oak tree. Con-
tained 4 Cowbird eggs, 1 Wood Thrush
egg.

June 4, 1907—Nest of Wood Thrush,
6 feet up in low bushes in orchard. Con-
tained 4 Cowbird eggs, 3 Wood Thrush
eggs.

June 7, 1907—Nest of Wood Thrush,
6 feet up in crotch of white oak sap-
ling. Contained 5 Cowbird eggs, 1
Wood Thrush egg.

June 11, 1907—Nest of Wood
Thrush. Contained 5 Cowbird eggs,
none of Wood Thrush.

June 27, 1907—Nest of Wood
Thrush, 4 feet up in low bushes. Con-
tained 1 Cowbird egg, 2 Wood Thrush
eggs (badly incubated).

May 20, 1908—Nest of Wood
Thrush, 3 feet up in low bushes. Con-
tained 4 Cowbird eggs, 1 Wood Thrush
egg. On the following day this nest

contained one additional egg of the
Cowbird, and the Wood Thrush’s egg
was gone.

THE OOLOGIST 81

May 26, 1908—Nest of Wood Thrush.
25 feet from ground in crotch of box
elder tree. Contained 3 eggs of Cow-
bird, 2 of Wood Thrush.

May 26, 1908—Nest of Wood
Thrush. 7 feet from ground in small
bush. Contained 3 Cowbird eggs, none
of Wood Thrush.

June 3, 1908—Nest of Wood Thrush,
10 feet from ground in crotch of box
elder tree. Containea 1 Cowbird egg,
3 Wood Thrush eggs.

June 11, 1908—Nest of Yellow Warb-
ler. 3% feet from ground in coral
berry bushes. Contained 5 Warbler
eggs and one Cowbird’s egg which
had been covered up in the bottom of
nest leaving the top partly exposed.

June 29, 1908—Nest of Wood
Thrush, 6 feet from ground in bush.
Contained 5 Cowbird eggs, none of
Wood Thrush. Below the nest on the
ground was one broken egg of the
Wood Thrush, and one broken Cow-
bird egg.

May 20, 1909—Nest of Phoebe, un-
der bridge. Found the remains of
Phoebe’s and Cowbird’s eggs directly
beneath freshly built nest.

May 26, 1909—Nest of Wood Thrush.
5 feet up in bushes. Contained 2 Cow-
bird eggs,-1 Wood Thrush egg. Be-
neath the nest was the remains of an
additional Thrush’s egg.

May 25, 1910—Nest of Brown
Thrasher, 5 feet up in crotch of haw-
thorne. Contained 1 Cowbird egg, 2
Brown Thrasher eggs. Beneath nest
was the remains of another Thrasher’s
ege.

May 8, 1912—Nest of Phoebe. 20
feet from ground under projecting
roof of barn. Contained 1 Cowbird
egg, 2 Phoebe’s eggs.

May 13, 1912—Nest of Cardinal. 3%
feet up in vines along river. Con-

tained 3 Cowbird eggs, 1 egg of Cardi-
nal Beneath nest was a perfect egg
of Cardinal unbroken.

‘Thrush’s

June 5, 1912—Nest of Towhee. On
ground at base of a small hawthorne
sprout. Contained 3 Cowbird eggs, 2
Towhee eggs. ;

May. 6, 1914—Nest of Towhee. On
ground at foot of large ash heap. Con-
tained 4 Cowbird eggs, 3 Towhee’s
eggs. One of the Towhee’s eggs was
slightly pecked and outside of nest
on ground, probably done by Cowbird.

May 15, 1914—Nest of Brown
Thrasher, 5 feet up among. small
branches of hawthorne. Contained 1
Cowbird egg, 4 Brown Thrasher’s
eggs.

May 25, 1914—Nest of Yellow Warb-
ler, 3 feet up in coral berry bush. Con-
tained 1 Cowbird egg only, partially
imbedded. Later, 5 Warbler eggs and
one more Cowbird’s egg were added.

June 2, 1914—Nest of Bell’s Vireo.
2 feet above ground on end of a limb
of hawthorne. Contained 2 Cowbird
eggs in nest, and one in perfect con-
dition on ground below nest. Previ-
ous to this visit, on May 29th, this
nest contained one egg of the Vireo,
which was missing on June 2nd.

June 6, 1914—-Nest of Wood Thrush.
Contained 3 Cowbird’s eggs, 1 Wood
Thrush egg. The Cowbird’s eggs were
nearly ready to hatch, while the Wood
egg was comparatively
fresh.

Evening Grosbeake

Pittsfield, Maine, Dec. 7, 1918.

The Evening Grosbeaks are again
reported in Maine (Oxford County).
Last spring they were said to have re-
mained until nearly June. This
species is rather uncertain in its
visits, the winter of 1899-1890 was one
in which it was reported from practi-
cally all of New England, being first
reported in December 1889; more par-
ticularly in January, February and
March 1890, and when an adult male
was taken at Orono Feb. 28, 1890, also

82 THE OOLOGIST

one taken at Bangor March 18 as well
as one at Brewer the same year. Their
food while here consists of the buds
of the maple, elm, apple and the
seeds of those apples which still re-
main on the trees, the berries of the
mountain ash and similar fruit.
H. H. Johnson.

ps, cc ore - als Ed Sy
Concerning the Black-throated Bunt-
ings of This Locality.

The Black-throated Bunting (Spiza
Americana) started to invade this lo-
cality about fifteen years ago and kept
returning every spring in increasing
numbers to rear its young, nearly al-
ways building its nests in bushes or
vines off of the ground, until the spring
or 1916. “That spring they went
through here by the thousands but
none stayed to nest. In one pasture
in the outskirts of town I estimated
that three thousand birds stayed until
the first part of May and then for some
unaccountable reason they all left and
this spring not a one stopped at all.
The spring of 1916 several pairs stayed
in promising localities and I thought
they were going to nest but by the
latter part of May they were all gone.
In the spring of 1915 Mr. George Fin-
lay Simmons and myself in our daily
walks would find from two or three
to a dozen Black-throated Bunting
nests so why should they all pass
through here the last two springs
without a single pair remaining. We
had plenty of rain during the spring
of 1915 and the wild flowers and cover
for the birds were all that could be
desired. The grass and field daisies
in most pastures was waist high but
this spring and the spring of 1916 we
had very little rain and consequently
very little undergrowth so the drouth
of the last two years might be the
cause of the Bunting giving us the go-
by.

Elton Perry, D. D. S.
Austin, Texas.

UNSPOTTED EGGS OF RED
SHOULDERED HAWK
April 15, 1917 I found a red should-
ered hawk’s nest placed in a crotch of
three limbs in a red oak 60 feet up in
a swampy patch of woodland. Putting
on my climbers, I reached the nest. It
was a crows’ nest which had been re-
built but was very flat within. Now
this nest which contained three eggs
was the first and only one I ever
found which contained immaculate
eges. All three were a pale bluish
white without spots. One of the eggs
measured 2.19 x 1.15. According to
Bendire a plain set is very unusual.
It is the only set I have found that
way. The red-tail often lays plain
eggs but not the red-shouldered near
Montclair, N. J. I have a large series
of photographs of both the eggs and
young but as a friend took them with
his camera I am not at liberty to have
them published.
Cedric U. Atkinson,
Princeton University.
wie eT ae
SUSPENDED NIDIFICATION OF
THE YELLOW-BILLED CUCKOO
On June 24, 1904, at Frankford,

‘Philadelphia, Pa., I found a Yellow-

billed Cuckoo’s nest in an alder
thicket, situated several feet up in a
vine-covered bush, which was not laid
in for twenty days or nearly three
weeks, not until July 14, when it held
two fresh eggs. I visited this nest
several times and concluded that it
had been deserted and naturally was
astonished to find it occupied after
the elapsion of almost three weeks.
Richard F. Miller.

>< —$$__—______—_-

On the Food of the Marsh Hawk

Reading J. H. Bowles ‘‘Notes on the
Food of Certain Birds of Prey,” in the
March ‘‘Oologist’”’ brought to my mind
a certain nest of Marsh Hawk that I
found in early June 1915. I had left
the eggs intending to get. back later

THE OOLOGIST 83

and photograph the young birds. This
I was unable to do until July 3rd when
they were nearly full grown and
ready to leave the nest.

When going to the nest and when
about 100 rods from it I found the
female dead and hanging by the feet
in a stump fence. She had evidently
been shot by some one about two or
three weeks before and hung there.

As I approached the nest I found
one of the young ones in the flags dead
and with maggots working in the flesh
but the other young (three in num-
ber) were very much alive.

It could not have been for lack of
food that the young one had died as
in and around the nest were parts of
eight meadow mice, a young rabbit, a
Song Sparrow and two nestling
Meadowlarks; also part of several
other birds and more meadow mice
that were in such a bad state of decay
that I was unable to identify them.

The male flew around and made a
great fuss while I was at the nest and
the amount of food there showed that
he was fully equal to the task of pro-
viding for his family without help
from the female.

Le
Late Departure of the Bank Swallow

On September 28, 1918 two of my
friends visited the Susquehanna River
on a bird trip. The place where we
first saw the river, was the village oi
Long Level, about five miles south of
the town of Wrightsville.

Wrightsville is eleven miles east of
York. At this point, the river is about
two miles wide. It is a favorite place
for Swallows, especially in the fall.
When we visited the place on Sept.
28th, Tree Swallows were common
and Bank Swallows uncommon; but

only one Barn Swallow was seen. The
day was clear and rather warm. Bank
Swallows were observed at several
different places between Long Level.

We observed our first Bank Swallow
while we were on the river in a boat
at Long Level. It flew very near the
boat several times, giving us a fine
opportunity to see the band on the
breast and the brownish upper parts.
Most of the other Bank Swallows ob-
served that day were perching ou tele-
phone wires.

According to Nov. 1917 number of
Bird Lore, the average date of de-
parture of the Bank Swallows at
Washington, D. C., is Sept. 14th, and
the latest date of the last one ob-
served Sept 19th. The same number
of Bird Lore, also states that the
latest date of the one observed at
Philadelphia, Pa., is Sept. 30th. Sept.
28th is the latest date the Bank Swal-
low has been observed in York coun-
ty, to my knowledge.

Arthur Farquhar.
Ai on ae SD
Hawks and Owls ~

Was offered 42 dead Great Horned
Owls this winter by a party in Orange
County Ne -¥<c" it is: surprising’ -so
many could be taken in that part of
the state. They are fairly common in
that. neighborhood but they must have
been extremely plentiful in compari-
son to their usual numbers to get that
many in such a short time (probably
two or three weeks as it was mid-
winter and they could be frozen to
keep from spoiling) so as to be in
good condition for mounting. In ad-
dition to this he had 22 dead Goss
Hawks and other hawks. All of which
is unusual for this part of New York
state.

The neighborhood of Pepaction, Del-
aware County, N. Y. is fairly good
collecting ground for hawks and owls.
A party in describing it says his friend
living there always has dead birds of
these kinds hanging on the side of his
barn (but am sorry to say he shoots

- all kinds regardless whether beneficial

84 THE OOLOGIST

or not, and has no use for them when
they are dead, except to show what
he thinks is doing a good service in
ridding the community of them. When
they start to smell they are thrown
away). Red-tail Hawks are the most
plentiful but all the common kinds
are there. There are a good many
Fish Hawks (Ospreys) along the river,
and there are a couple of big trees on
the edge that are favorite resting
places and they alight into them when
they come down the river.
See ee Re Cet ae
The Ruby-throated Hummer
In the April 1918 Oologist it was
quite interesting to note the report of
Two Ruby-throated Hummers’ nests
being placed on the same branch; as
some years ago I had the same experi-
ence but as the nests were not photo-
graphed I had never reported it to any
bird publication, feeling some doubt
about those with knowledge of the
Hummer’s habits crediting such a re-
port without the proof beyond ques-
tion. In the case observed by me the
same branch was used for two suc-
cessive seasons and two young were
reared each year. The first nest was
seen May 2, 1900 and on that date
contained one fresh egg, on May 17th
two young. The second nest was first
noticed on May 20th, 1901 and con-
tained two young nearly ready to
leave nest. The site was a small
maple located in an old pine field,
both nests were well made and the old
nest was well preserved though fiat-
tened. The new nest being located
three inches nearer the body of the
tree than old nest.
G. G. Reeves,
Winston Salem, N. C.

as 8 Se cee
Nesting Birds

Nesting time is by far the most in-

teresting period for bird students and

much of my spare time for the past

ten years has been spent watching
them with their nest building and fam-
ily cares. In this time many interest-
ing things have been observed even
among our common door yard birds,
only two of which I shall mention.
Both were unusual in my observa-
tions On May 20, 1914 a Woodthrush
was seen feeding four young in a nest
far out on a large white oak limb
about 15 feet from the ground. Again
on July 4th of the same year while
passing this site I noticed a wood
thrush sitting close on the same nest
which seemed not to have even been
add to and on July 14th there were
four unfeathered young in the nest.
Again near this same place April 12,
1917 (early for young birds) a Robin
was noticed feeding three young that
could raise their heads above the top
of nest and were seen on the ground
nearby ten days later being fed by
the parent birds, then to my surprise
on May 18th while passing this nest
it was noticed that it was occupied
by a Robin again, (May 30, 1917).
There were four nearly fledged young
in ths nest. I have never before
known the Woodthrush or Robin to
use the same nest twice. It would be
of interest to know if others have
known these birds to use the same
nest for two broods.
G. G. Reeves,
Winston Salem, N. C.

303 Sas a 2
The I. O. U.
(International Oologists Union)
This Union is being established for
the purpose of mutual assistance to
Oologists in all parts of the world,
especially in regard to the sale and

exchange of specimens.

The names and address of members,
as they join, will be published in a
Monthly Bulletin which will be post-
ed to all members and available to
members only. Members will also

THE OOLOGIST 85

have the right, on being admitted, and
thereafter once a year, if they remain
members, to a free 25-word advertise-
ment in the Bulletin and they can al-
so advertise in the Bulletin at any
time at the rate of one cent per word
per insertion.

The subscription for the current
year, expiring on the 3lst December
next, will be one dollar, and for the
whole of next year 1% dollars (five
shillings). Subscriptions will always
run for the full calendar year. There
will be no reduction to those whv join
in the later months of a year but such
new members will receive the back
numbers of the Bulletin for the year
in which they join. On the renewal
of subscriptions each year a complete
list of members will be published,
probably in the February issue.

It is hoped that the first issue of
the Bulletin will be on ist June, 1919,
and thereafter as near the first day of
each month as may be possible.

Every effort will be made to restrict
membership of the Union to the most
reputable collectors and members will

_ be asked to maintain the status of the

Union by reporting in confidence any-
thing prejudicial to its interests. The
founder of the Union reserves the
right to refuse membership without
giving a reason or to defer admission
to membership until satisfied as to
bona fide.

The nucleus of the membership will
be formed by collectors of undoubted
position in the egg world who respond
to the founder’s request for support
in establishing the Union. Candidates
for membership with whom the found-
er has not had relations will be re-
quired to give satisfactory references
or to be proposed and seconded for
membership by existing members. It
will be seen that this condition must
be enforced in the common interest.

Those wishing to join should send

in their names and addresses, and
copy for their free 25-word advertise-
ment, with a Money Order for one dol-
lar accompanied. by the names of two
leading collectors who would be pre-
pared to vouch for their good faith.
They should also give an undertaking
to treat the contents of the Bulletin
as confidential, for it will be seen that
if the information be available to non-
members the purposes of the Union
will not be served. In a word, mem-
bers will be asked to guard jealously
the information secured to them and
the safeguards with which it is treat-
ed in their own interests but, at the
same time, to do their best to extend
the membership by the introduction of
reputable new members.

All communications to K. L. Skin-
ner, Brooklands Estate Office, Wey-
bridge, England.

BUN Ae ee ee
An Interesting Ornithological Enter-
prise

As one of the patrons of the Com-
mittee of the Belgian Order of St.
John of Jerusalem, I am taking the
liberty of quoting a few paragraphs
from a letter received by me under
the date of the 24th of December,
1918, from the Order’s Honorable Sec:
retary, Dr. J. G. Smets-Mondez. Amer-
ican ornithologists will be especially
interested in what this organization
has planned, and in the fact that it
has issued a general request tu the
members of the American Ornitholo-
gists’ Union for books and _ other
works on birds for the library it aims
to establish.

Doctor Smets-Mondez states that
“Our Order contemplates erecting a
hospital near Brussels, in order to at-
tend, with an English speaking staff,
Americans or Britishers, who happen
to be ill during their stay in Belgium,
and who would thus avoid crossing

86 THE OOLOGIST

the sea in view of being nursed at
home.

“Such a hospital does not exist to-
day, and it will be all the more need-
ed as English speaking people will be
much more numerous in Belgium than
before the war.

“We already have in view some
suitable sites quite able to provide a
large garden, which we contemplate
using as an Ornithological Park, with
access to the public, of course with
charge for admission.

“The receipts taken of admissions
and sales of eggs and birds, after de-
duction of the working expenses, will
be given up as a contribution for the
maintainence of the hospital.

“This Park will certainly be of great
interest to the people of a large capi-
tal like Brussels, deprived of a zoolog-
ical garden, and by this means will
induce them to support the hospital
itself.

“The Park will therefore contribute
to the improvement of Ornithological
Science, to its diffusion among people
of every class, to the protection oi
birds, and will also support a charity
worthy of American and British in-
terests.”

Doctor Smets-Mondez is careful to
point out that this Order is in no
way connected with the one of the
same name in England; he is also
willing to purchase certain ornitholog-
ical works by American authorities, in
that a nucleus of a library may be
formed. In sending these, they should
invariably be registered.

The London Committee is Regis-
tered under the War Charities Act of
1916.

Among the distinguished patrons of
this Belgian Order we may note the
names of His Grace the Duke of Mont-
rose; the Most Hon. the Marquis of
Salisbury; His Grace the Archbishop
of Armaugh; the Lord Primate of Ire-

land; the Rt. Revs. the Lord Bishops
of Birmingham, Chelmsford, Glasgow,
Meath, Killaloe, Burnley, Croydon,
Hull, Knaresborough, and Thetford.

Those from France are Mons. P.
Deschanel, Chairman of the French
Parliament; Mons. L. Barthou, Ex-
Premier of the French Cabinet; Mons.
Lamy, Permanent Secretary of the
French Academy, and Mons. P. Loti,
of the French Academy.

Prominent among the patrons of
Belgium may be noted the names of
the Count Goblet d’Alviella, who is
the Vice-President of the Senate and
a member of the Belgium Cabinet;
Senator H. La Fontaine, and Mr. HEH.
Vandervelde, M. P., also a member of
the Cabinet of Belgium.

In closing I may say that the Post
Office address of Dr. J. G. Smet-Mon-
dez, the Hon. Secretary of the Bel-
gian Order of St. John, is “La Hetraie,
Park of Genval-les-Haux (Brabant)
Belgium. i

It is certainly very encouraging to
contemplate such a movement as this
in war-stricken Belgium, combining
as it does the encouragement of pop-
ular ornithology with efforts along
the lines of humanity and charitable
endeavor. May we not, with advant-
age, profit by the example here in the
United States? Surely the project
would be a most commendable one.

Faithfully yours,
R. W. Shufeldt,
3356 18th Street,
Washington, D. C.
January 18, 1919.
sida Sa
Game Decreasing In Alaska

Do you know that the Kenai Penin-
sula, in Alaska, perhaps once the
most wonderful big game country in
the world, and home of the biggest
moose the world ever raised, is going
to be crossed by the new Alaska Rail-
road our Government is building to

THE OOLOGIST 87

Fairbanks? This will not only finish
the Kenai country, but it will open up
and finish very soon that other won-
derful game field round the foot of
Mount McKinley, in spite of the new
reserve there.

Already friends in Alaska write
that the white sheep, Dall’s sheep, a
grand game animal, is growing much
searcer. They say it is because of
the general practice the inhabitants
have of killing it for dog food. And
yet but lately we thought Alaska was
a long way off and needed civilizing!
It would seem that Americanism is
pretty generally in sway there right
now.

We are indeed a strange and won-
derful people when it comes to the ad-
ministration of our own natural
wealth? Do you, for instance, know
that most of the big game we have
left in the United States is packed
around a few of the National Parks,
Monuments and Forests? As to its
preservation, everything seems to be
carefully arranged so that the game
cannot possibly be preserved.

There are only two Federal Game
Refuges in our National Forests. There
are State Game Refuges on National
Forests in six different states—get
that clearly in mind if you can; and
in these refuges state laws prevailas
to the game, though the National Gov-
ernment controls the timber and graz-
ing.

This means that the United States
takes in sheep on the Forest Reserves
and that the sheep kill out all the
game. It also means that the officials
at Washington are left in a perfect
position for passing the buck and ex-
plaining why they do thus and so.

In the sixteen National Parks the
United States retains the right to pro-
tect the wild game in only seven! Do
you know that? Of the thirty-four
National Monuments, twenty-one are

run by the National Park Service,
eleven by the Forestry Reserve, and
two by the War Department. It is
too bad the Navy Department hasn’t
any!—Saturday Evening Post.—W. A.

Strong, San Jose, Cal.
ea

Books Received

“The Journal of the Museum of
Comparative Oology,”’ Vol. 1 Numbers
1 and 2 March 26, 1919.” This new
publication in the field of Oology for-
merly occupied exclusively in North
America by “The Oologist” is welcome
at our desk. The Museum of Com-
parative Oology located at Santa Bar-
bara, California, is too well known to
all oologists to need introduction or
comment. The publication of a Jour-
nal by this institution, we believe, will
result in much good if the standard
of excellence shown in the first double
number is maintained. It contains
many half tones illustrative of the
buildings, cases, manner of arrange-
ment and preparation of specimens,
all of which are of much educational
value to the average oologist; besides
illustrations of the manner ‘how to
do it” and “how not to do it” in which
comparision is made of the right and
wrong methods of collecting. A des-
cription of the Museum, where it is
located, its equipment, purposes and
ambitions are likewise set forth, to-
gether with lists of its Board of Visi-
tors and Patrons.

It is to be hoped that his publication
will continue and The Oologist is glad
to divide the field with so worthy an
associate. W. Leon Dawson is the
editor, and he has our congratulations
on his first production.

The “Audubon Bulletin, Winter
1918, 1919, Illinois Audubon Society.”
This Bulletin, like its predecessors is
a well gotten up and splendidly illus-
trated exposition of the activities of
the Audubon Society in the state of Il-

88 THE OOLOGIST

linois, containing very readable ar-
ticles on the subject of Bird Protec-
tion; not the least of which is “‘The
need of forest and game preservations
in Southern Illinois,’ illustrated by
photographs taken by Robert Ridge-
way.
pera AOR ol SRS, eR SEE
Old Observations

July 1915—Great Blue Heron on
Averill Park, Renneselear Co., N. Y.
standing at edge of pond, got up and
flew clumsily away.

August 1915—Black Crowned Night
Herons at Freeport, Long Island, flew
in flocks of four and five after sunset
making a quacking noise.

September 1915—American Short-
eared Owl at Neponsit Rockeway
Point, Long Island, sitting on a real
estate sign at the edge of the town.
Allowed me to approach closely.

April 1916—A flock of about 100
ducks (not identified) sitting in the
water of the Susquehanna River near
Williamsport, Pa. These birds were
of some specie that dive for their food.
They were close to the Market St.
bridge over which men and wagons
passed all during the day. Seemed to
know spring shooting was stopped and
they were safe.

I received a Barrows Golden Eye
from Maine in January 1918 to be
mounted. They are said to be un-
usual for that state.

Mounted a Woodcock from Long
Island last season, they are getting
very scarce there.

M. J. Hoffman,
Brooklyn, N. Y.
vel Dae ee ieee
Ducks Are Scarce This Year

After my rich (Uncle Sam) has
given me a final discharge and a
check for my trouble, I am back at
dear old Lake Worth again, and will
do some collecting as usual.

I have noticed this year that the

flight of ducks was not up to its stand-
ard. From my observation and other
reports they are getting scarcer or
have changed their migration routes.
I hope and long for a closed season on
all water birds for ten years. I like to
hunt ducks as well as anybody but
their is a limit to all things, and this
willful slaughter of ducks must be
stopped or we will have no ducks in
the next few years. There was not
one third as many ducks on the lake
this year as before. During the fall
and winter ducks were observed in
bunches of from twenty-five to a hun-
dred. But there are small bunches of
ducks to what has been observed
here in the last year or two. This
spring I saw one large bunch of about
five-hundred ducks of different kinds
and this is the most ducks observed
this year at any one time.

The ducks most plentiful this season
were Ruddys, Scamp, and Mallard and
if they don’t learn what bullets and
shots are, there won’t be any left.
They will let a boat loaded with hunt-
ers run right through them and not
fly but: dive, then when they stick
their heads up, bang goes off a duck
head.

I have observed many Robins, but
not as many as usual. I argue with
these small bird hunters. I ask them
what’s the use for you to shoot a
Robin or Waxwing and they say, “‘Oh,
there is plenty of them.’ There may
be plenty of them but I have migration
lists for a few years back and they
sure differ and the number of birds
are scareer every year. If the bird
and animal slaughters ate every
thing they killed, it would be different
proposition. What is the use to kill
them for the flies to blow. I kill
mighty few but what few I kill not a
one goes to waste. I prepare them
for future use to study, so this will be
of some benefit to the world.

THE OOLOGIST 89

The Hawks and Owls are disappear-
ing fast, as ever fellow that can carry
a gun are out after them. The hunt-
ers say, “There goes that Hawk or
Owl that is stealing chickens every
night.” Then bang goes their gun and
drop goes the bird and maybe the
Hawk or Owl has never seen a
chicken, let alone eat one.

Next take our Turkey and Black
Vultures that never do any harm.
These said hunters will kill one to
see it fall and then say with pride, I
have helped my country by destroying
that disease spreading Buzzard. When
if this hunter would use a little sense,
he might know that a Vulture destroys
more disease than he spreads.

Cedar Waxwings were observed ten
to fifteen at a time. Several years
ago one hundred would be a small
bunch. Cardinals are holding their
own, but a red spot makes a good tar-
get for children. Coots have nearly
disappeared from the lake and they
used to be plentiful. They have
another play ground but they are not
here in large numbers.

Blue birds and Chickadees are about
the same. Wren are not as plentiful
as before. -Cranes and Herons are on
the down hill go. Belted Kingfishers
are getting wise enough to tell when
they are shot at. Gold Finches were
observed this year. Juncos and Tow-
hees are still passing by and passing
"away.

We still have the birds and animals
but they can’t last always so all get
together and don’t kill any bird or ani-
mal without they are preserved or
put to some use.

Ramon Graham,
Rt” Worth, Tex.
Ee Sa ee
Birds’ Tongues
A German naturalist has gathered
some curious data with reference to
the tongues of birds. As he points

out, many persons suppose that Wood-
peckers use their sharp-pointed
tongues as darts with which to trans-
fix their prey. It is true that the
woodpecker, like the hummingbird,
can dart out its tongue with extra-
ordinary rapidity and that its mouth
is furnished with an_ elaborate
mechanism for this purpose, yet in-
vestigation shows that the object of
their swift motion is only to catch the
prey, not to pierce it. For the purpose
of holding the captured victim the
woodpecker’s tongue is furnished with
stick secretion.

Inasmuch at it possesses the power
of imitating speech, it is not surpris-
ing to learn that the parrot’s tongue
resembles that of a man more closely
than any bird’s tongue does. It is not
because the parrot is more intelligent
than many other birds, but because
its tongue is better suited for articula-
tion than theirs, that it is able to
amuse us with its mimicry.

In some respects the humming

‘pirds tongue is the most remarkable

of all. It is double nearly from end to
end, so that the little creature is able
to grasp its insect prey very much as
if its mouth were furnished with a
pair of fingers—-The Classmate.—W.
A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

CERES Uae eA ENCE os eee
Notes from Camp Graham
Verlain Daniels found a Screech
Owl today, March 30th, 1919, setting
on four eggs. He took the bird from
the nest and to his surprise she was
sitting on four eggs and a large wasp.
Also collected a set of Red Tail

Hawks.

Earl Moffat of Marshall found a
Kingfisher digging a hole in a bank
about two hundred feet from my
Camp. He also collected a set of
Crows.

Jake Zeitlin collected on March 30
a set of Screech Owls, and a nice set

90 THE OOLOGIST

of Plumbeous Chickadees. He also
found two Tufted Titmouse nests.
Lieut. Woodruff Yeates collected a
set of Turkey Vultures March 9, 19
I collected a set of Plumbeous Chicka-
dees March 23, 19
Ramon Graham,
Ft. Worth, Tex.
pee eer Vea 5 eae LE
“Millimeter Races’

Editor, The Oologist,

Dear Sir: Desiring a correspond-
ent, near Vancouver, I ran over the
list of sets offered in. your magazine
for December by Mr. Munro, of Okan-
agan Landing, B. C. Finding on that
list that sets of “Western,” (Bale),
Goldfinch were offered, I wrote it all
down with real joy. For I have been
trying these two years to secure a
single syllable of valid information
concerning the nesting of this. ‘‘milli-
meter race.” Hagerly I prepared to
write Mr. Munro, when all at once it
occurred to me to look up the respect-
ive breeding ranges of the two west-
ern representatives of the Genus
“Spinus,” or ‘“‘Astragalinus,’” or what-
soever may happen to be the scien-
tific name of the Goldfinches at the
present hour! Then I found what I
should have remembered without
looking it up; that the domain of the
“Pallid’” Goldfinch is wholly inland
the Goldfinch of the Coast Region be-
ing salicamans. Imagine my chagrin!
Kindly grant me the courtesy of ask-
ing that any of your readers in the
Rocky Mountain region that have the
Goldfinch breeding within their do-
main will kindly communicate with
me.

To show the absurd futility of some
scientific classifications I might say,
that a male Goldfinch kindly sent me
right from the heart of the breeding
habitat of the Pallid Goldfinch by Mr.
Mitchell, of Saskatchewan, proved to
be just “tristis.’” Moreover, let me

whisper it in your left ear, very gent-
ly, I have been informed from head-
quarters in regard to specimens sent
for sub-specific identification, with
the tags removed for the express pur-
pose of avoiding bias, in the identify-
ing, that it would be necessary to
give the locality from which the spec-
imens came before they could be
identified! What do you boys think
of all that?
P. B. Peabody,
Blue Rapids, Kansas.
sued i i ag ee
Egg Hunters, Hunting German in
France
Lieut. G. E. Maxon, Rufus Lackland
and Charles McLendon, my old time
collecting friends have arrived safely
over seas. Another egg hunting friend
of mine is finishing up his time at
the officer’s training school. He is
Woodruff Yeates. The fellows will
have some datas on eggs if they get
to do any collecting over there. It
would be some queer data, saying that
a certain kind of Wren’s nest was
found in the skull of a German, in a
deserted trench.
Ramon Graham,
Fort Worth, Tex.

—————_

WESTERN RED-TAIL
March 22, 1894. W. A. Strong, Tul-
are, Cal. Four lightly clouded over
entire surface with light colored small
spots.
2.46 x 1.94, 2.48 x 1.92; 2:88 gee,
ORO ex leo.
W. A. Strong,
San Jose, Cal.

i
We Are Short of Copy. See!

Send in some forthwith. This means

everyone. Thanks in advance.

Editor.

THE OOLOGIST V

FOR BPXCHANGE—Splendid perfect
New York State Fossil shells trilobite
corals and C. Also sea shells and cur-
ios for U. S. or Foreign stamps in good
eondition. All letters answered. ROGER
A. MATHES, 310 East Main St., Batavia,
NEY.

WANTHD—Volumes 1 and 2 of
Thorburn’s British Birds. Very hand-
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

WANTHED—American Ornithology Vol.
VI; Oologist Vol. XXVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-
ogist and Oologist Vol. XI; Various
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of
Journal Maine Ornithological Society;
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, ete. H. H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

EXCHANGE—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
for insects, cucoons. Will also sell or
buy for cash. Wish to buy good com-
pound microscope. What have you?
Write. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

MISCELLAN IOUS.

FO RSALE—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,

stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0v
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies._ Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS 8S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
peed with active Oologist in New York
ity, Westchester Co., or Hee Tae oe view

to oo one yee rin S. please
write. RA LLER, White Plains,
IN; Y., RB. E. ie Not

FOR EXCHANGE -— Large showy_ India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene rt
Hybrid) Also many natives. WantA
te of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc., in
the entire U.S

Who has skins or mounted fox squirrels,
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

I want to get into touch with young
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEFF, Marionsville, Mo.

FOR EXCHANGEHE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or Be. 20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Haton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTE D—One B. & fs Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt

Lake City, Utah. 1-2t
FOR SALE
Inadropes of North America, Au-

Gino OMe aViOlee sli SISA Oy to cena $ 2.00
Ridgway’s Manuel North Am.

EST GIS eels OO eee ite coc eee oe eee ire 4.00
Birds of Kansas, Goss, 1886...... 1.50
English Sparrow in N. Am., Bar-

TOW STS SOs se aries BOOS oe 3 Beer 1.50
Ridgway’s Birds of N. and M. Am.

MOSS AMetOng (alniG. a5 See ee nee 25.00
Auks, Vol. 6 to 33 inclusive, 28

Vols., paper covers uncut.... 50.00
Forest and Stream, Vols. 1 to 12

AEG wet Maa oneeree wate carey ac ngan te 35.00
DOUSS SS 4a On Ach Sion lO ise sees te ies 90.00

And many vols. of Wilson Bull; Oolo-
gist, Bird Lore, O. and O. and other
Ornithological magazines and Govern-
ment publications.

AROLD H. BAILPY,

Box 1122 Newport News, Va.

ADVERTISE IN

“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

VI THE OOLOGIST

A Magazine of Western “Blue Bird’’
5 an
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the Pubilshed in co-operation with
the Cleveland Bird-Lovers’
Coxper Ornithological Club of California Association. and devoted to
Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth Bird Study and
‘‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific Cc
but edited in such a way that a be- onservation
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study’’ can easily un-
derstand it. $1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are AGENTS WANTED
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated NO FREE COPIES

by the highest quality of half tones.

Our subsoription rates are $1.50 per year in Address
the United States and $1.78 in a Foreign coun-

= é Sample Copy 30c. EDITOR BLUE-BIRD, Deni: R.

ress

W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, 1010 Euclid Ave. _
Eagle Reck, Los Angeles, Cal. CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
~ Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or —
Mammals, particularly of the New England States. —
Only Mounted material will be considered and this |
only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes~ - - - Assistant Curator

| THE QOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS

TA XIDBRMY
Vou. XXXV./ No. 6.

ALBION, N. Y., June 1) 1919,

WHOLE No. 3838

1
x}

Black Headed Gulls

{i ; THE OOLOGIST

BRIBE
Wanted, ' Exchange, For Sale,

for each 25 words for one {ssue; each additional word 1 eent.

serted for less than 25 cents.

SPEOIAL ANNOUNOBMENTS
Htc., inserted in this department at 85 ee

No notiee ae

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same.
exchanges of such specimens for

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
scientific collecting purposes only.—HDITOR.

#1 agswering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il}.

W AITHD * two young pigeon
hawks or Richardson Merlins. Must be
absolutely uninjured and no important
feathers broken. Will pay a fair price
tor good birds. Write me when nest
is located for instructions as to rearing
and shipping. Would take wild-caught
birds of the year or old birds if clean
moulted. D. R. GRAY, Rockdale, Tenn.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in

pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. Tee JWT

BARNES, Lacon, I[1l.

WANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write E. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTEHED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wingtipped this will not
matter. For them I will pay a good
price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, [11]

EXCHANGEHE—Fine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JHWETT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

ie desire to exchange bird skins and Butter-
flys for 20 or 24 Gage Shot Guns, Double Bar-
rel, preferred. Goodcondition. D. V. HEM-
BREE, Roswell, Ga.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. HD-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

HXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken

in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,
many of the Ducks including European
Widgeon, Wide Turkeys and immature
Bald Eagles, etc. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

EGGS.

In sending in your exehange noetiees
for nests, skins and eggs, we weeld =
preciate it if you would arrange th
nulmeraixn im your exehange notieos in
(hei? numerienl order, an ae tamble
them together hit and miss some of
our vreaGgers are conipintaiiae and we
think justly so.

WANTED—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I11.

WANTED—To correspond with active
collectors on or near the Platte River
in Nebraska. Address, LYLE FLET-
Box 455.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

WANTHD—A-1 Sets of all birds eggs,
common or rare, with data, or in broken
sets with data. JOHNSON NEFF,
Marionsville, Mo.

TO EXCHANGEH—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

Who has sets 240, 244 328, 330? Can
offer in exchange sets 57, 249, 264, 337a,
347, 855, 357, 358. DR. HLMER LANGH-

RIN, Crookston, Minn.

FOR EXCHANGE—Bird eggs in sets
with data; also nest and eggs. AIso
wish to buy a pair of Peacock’s and
hen, or their eggs for propagation.

JOHN LARANG, Genesee, Idaho.

EXCHANGE—15 1-1; 3la Te
107 d-1; L081 A= sees Ue
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 4741 N-2; 475
486 1-5; 5383 1-8; 5388 1-4; 543 is
560a N-4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1-4; 615 N-
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N-4; 726c oe

Aly

CHER, Norton, Kansas.

FOR
105.2 1-1,

i

© ong 1c ore

;

wew

N-5; 741 N-6; 748 N-7; 748a N-T,
J. H. BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock,
coma, Wash.

FOR EXCHANGH—EHegegs in sets; A.
O. U. Nos. 141-143, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gloveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,

Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
DEN, 47 S. Highth St.,
Utah.

Salt Lake City,

THE OOLOGIST

EGGS— Continued

I will pay the highest cash price for
such North American Birds Eggs that
I need to complete series in any collec-

tion. Send me your lists.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I11.
EXCHANGE—Wanted this. season’s

1919 collected sets. Can use many Com-
mon. Cash for same. Send list price
per set. Sets for others. HENRY W.
DAVIS, Box 844, Atlantic City, N. J.

WANTED-—*ets of eggs from original col-
lector. Oregon, Green and Beldings Jay,
Prairie and ahlornado Falcons, I have
many Bird magazines for exchange or sale.
Want Bird Lore Vol. VIINo.1. C. M.CASE,
306 Blue Hills Ave., Hartford, Conn.

WANTED—Lists of choice sets from
reliable collections. I can offer Sand-
hill Crane, Swallow-tail Kite, Bald and
Golden Eagle, Duck Hawk, Snowy Owl
and many others. All answered. A. HE.
PRICE, Grant Park, Ill.

WANTED—NSingles or broken sets in quan-
tities, or small lots; also bookson Taxidermy,
curios, etc. J. E. HARRIS, 259 Maple St.,
Dayton, Ohio.

FOR EXCHANGE — European and
Asiatic sets in exchange for No. Ameri-
can species. C. W. CHAMBERLAIN,
36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

~ RED CEDAR SAW - DUST_— Can supply
this ideal tray lining material, clean and
siftea, in sacks of half bushelor more. Will
exchange for first-class sets and skins de-
sired, on a basis of 60 cents per peck. A. F.
GANIER. 122] 17th Ave., S., Nashville, Tenn.

EXCHANGE—Bird skins and eggs,
over 100 kinds. Wanted anything. DR.
W.S. STRODE, Lewiston, Illinois.

WANTED—A heavy marked set of
Sharp-shinned Hawk taken by a reli-
able collector. Will pay cash or ex-
change. RALPH W. JACKSON, R .No.
1, Cambridge, Maryland.

EXCHANGE of personally collected
sets desired with reliable collectors.
Send lists. Have fine sets of 105.2 and
others, California birds. J. VAN DEN-
BURGH, 240 Stockton St., San Francisco,
California.

WANTEHD—I want to buy first class

bird eggs, in sets, with data, if prices
are reasonable: JOSEPH WIGGLES-
Delaware.

WORTH. Wilmington,

WANTEHED—Choice sets of anything
from Nos. 514 to 605 inclusive and
choice sets of finches from any part of
the world wanted especially Longspurs
and variety sets. Also sets or series of
261, 498, 501, 619, 703 and 761. Good
HWuropean and other sets offered in best
condition. K. L. SKINNER, Brooklands

Estate Office. Weybridge, England.
WANTED First Class, complete sets, all
aes of Eagles, Kites, Falcons, Loons,
ropic birds, Hawks, Owls, Vultures, Wad-
ae Send lists in full
T. CLECKLEY, Augus-

ers, Warblers,
with te
ta, Ga.

rms. Dr.

FOR EXCHANGE—Follo Wa
data—15, 2-1, 105 1-1, 105 1-2-1,
375d 1-2.'617 1- i. 685b 1- 3, and othe
needed in my collection.
Paula, Calif.

Mounted Birds to exchange for eggs in full
Bors RB C. HALL, 1420 Marlowe Ave., Lake-
wood, O.

WANTED—One set of eggs of each of the
following birds, together with original nest:
Scarlet Tanager, Indigo Bunting, Guld Finch.
KARL W. KAHMANN, Taxidermist, Lin-
coln Ave.. a Ill.

i —— =

WANPED_ A-1 sets of all birds, also sets
with Cowbird eggs. Must have full data.
Can exchange A-l shells or cash. Write what
ou have, stating value. HARRY L. SEM-
ER, City Carrier No. 3, Lexington, Mo.

WANTED—Choice Cabinet Sets and
Sets with nests and large, rare Singles.
Offer extraordinary exchange. DR. M.
T. CLERKLEY, AUGUSTA, GA.

WANTED—A Ist class, well marked
set of 4 or 5 white tailed Kite with full
and original data. B. S. FRIFFIN, 22
Currier St., Haverhill, Mass.

FOR EXCHANGE—Mounted Birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Want birds,
skins and eggs in sets. Send lists.
JESSE T. CRAVEN, 811 Roosevelt Ave..
Detroit, Mich.

We are headquarters for such choice
stuff as Raven, Yellow-billed Magpie,
Santa Cruz Island Jay, Prairie Falcon,
Snowy Plover (with nest), Pacific
Horned Owl, Vaux Swift, Black Swift,
Golden Pileolated Warbler, and scores
of others. We desire in exchange excep-
tional nest-and-egg material of every
description, especially foreign if well
authenticated. ‘A drawer to a species”
is out motto. 400 drawers installed.
Visiting oologists always welcome.
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE OOLOGY,
William Leon Dawson, Director, Santa
Barbara, Calif.

FOR SALE—Oologists Tools and Supplies,

Bird Books and alee, BENJAMIN
HOAG, Garfield,
BOOKS.
WANTHD——Viol, I and’ Vol- It cof

Ridgway’s Birds of North and Middle
America. Can offer.Vol. V and $1.50
for either vol. and cash for the other.
W. C. HANNA, Colton, California.

THE WARBLER — Second series.
Seven volumes complete, $3.50 post paid.
Very few full sets left. Volume 1 and
2, with a dozen exquisite colored plates
of rare birds eggs, is in good supply,
and the two volumes will be mailed for
SeO0e ees CHMUDS] Moral: Park, Naw

W ANTEHED—Indian Relics, Books,
Magazines and Pamphlets about Birds
and Natural History subjects. J.

RCHIE HUGHES, Jearolelstown, Tenn.

C. BADGER, for sets

tae eee

IV THE OOLOGIST

W ANTED—Britton & Brown Illus-
trated Flora in three volumes. State
edition, condition of books and best
cash price. F. EH. FORD, Chardon, O.

WANTED — Osprey, Vol. IV No. 3 and
index: New Series, Vol. I No. 4. 5, 7. FOR
EXCHANGE or Sale Cheap. Some early
volumes and single copies of Oologist, many
Nos, of Bird Lore, Museum, a few copies of

SBtey BOHN WILLIAMS, Iowa City,
owa. .9.

FOR SALE—Auks 4 Vol. 1894 to 97. Vols.
11-12-13-14 for cash. R. E. CASE, Avon, Conn.

FOR SALE —Bird Lore, five volumes. year
1913-1917, one dollar ws yolapae. carriage
extra H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, P - Quebec.

WANTED FOR CASH—The Condor Vols
1-9 incl., Bird Lore Vols. 1and 2 incl., Nos. 1
and 2 of Vol. 3; No. 1 of Vol. 7; The Oologist of
Utica, N. Y. Vols 1-5 inc. and its continuation.
The Ornithologist and Oologist Vols. 6-8 incl.
B. F. BOLT, 1431 Prospect Ave., Kansas City,

Mo.

W ANT— For cash or exchange, many issues
of Oologist. Osprey, etc.. also Birds of Wash-
ington, D. C. and vicinity, by Mrs. L. Ue
Maynard, RALPH W. JACKSON, R. No.
Cambridge, Md.

FOR SALE—Vols4-5-6-7 of Exploration and
Surveys for the Pacific Railroad, 1853-1856.
The books are bound and in good condition.
What amI offered. GEO. E. OSTERHOUT,
Windsor, Colorado.

WANTHD—Back numbers of many
amateur bird publications. List of de-
siderate sent to anyone having any-
thing in this line for sale or exchange.
Also have many numbers of Auk, Con-
dor, Bird Lore, O. & O., Oologist, Bulli.
Cooper Club, ete. to exchange. ee Oy
BENT, Taunton, Mass.

Frank L. Burns’ Bibliography of scarce or
aut of print North Amerisan Amateur ea
Trade ublications in existence. Price

.M. BARNES, Laeon, Ill.

FOR EXCHANGE—Osprey Vol. I, e
III, IV and YV.. New Series No. 7 &
Condor, Wola WAL ws INOS iL oie Wolk ae
Wilson Bulletin No. 69. Birds & Nature,
WO) SITS INOS: 1, 45 By 48 ee, Wolk IO,
No. 1; Birds Vol. II, No. 5 and 6. Auk,
Vol. XXIV and No. 3 of Vol. XXV. Birds
of Wyoming, Birds of lowa. These will
be exchanged or sold only as a whole
for best cash offer or extra good sets.
W. H. BINGAMAN, Algona, Iowa.

EXCHANGE—Large number of Ovlogists
and other bird magazines. A few sets nicely
prepared of common land birds. Part VII
“Birds of North and Middle America” for
other parts of same work. Want many
issues of Oologist, Osprey etc., for cash or
exchange. ee ‘Birds of aS nIne On, D.C.
a LP wy be Mrs. L. W. Maynard.

ACKSON, Cambridge, Route 1,

AGG.

WANTED—Sharp-shinned Hawk, Pine
Warbler, Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Har-
lan’s Hawk and many common species.
Can offer Swallow-tailed Kite and Flor-
ida Wild Turkey, etc. Cash also. REV.
H, H. WHEELER, Conway, Ark.

WANTED—Baird Brewer & Ridg-
ways Water Birds. Thompson’s By-
ways & Bird Notes. Bird Lore, Vols.
1-15 inclusive. W. D. RICHARDSON,
4215 Prairie Ave. Chicago, 2-38t

WANTED—Oologist Vol. III No. 2;
Vols. IV, V, VI; Vol. IX, No. 11; Vol.
XVI, No. 8. “Birds of Hssex County,
Iuass.’; “Putnam Catalog of the Birds
of Connecticut,’ by Linsey; ‘Familiar
Science and Fanciers Journal,” Vols. 5
and 6. HARRY S. HATHAWAY, Box
1466, Providence, R. I.

For a limited time will exchange the
Famous Reiber Bird Homes and at-
tracting stations for skins, nests and
e€ges. Reiber Bird Homes are scien-
tifically constructed and are the only
homes that have the United States
and Canadian government indorse-
ments. You will want illustrated books
describing them, sent free on request.
REIBHER BIRD RESERVE, West Web-
ster, N. Y. 2t

ORNITHOLOGISTS, OOLOGISTS and
MANNALOGISTS, ATTENTION!—I am
planning a trip to the Hudson Bay Re-
gion for the coming summer. Those de-
siring material will place orders now.
Will consider active man joining me
on this venture or some one paying ex-
penses and collect for him on shares.

I have for sale or exchange: Ridge-

way’s Birds of N. and M. Am. Vols. 1 to-

7 minus 3; many vols. and odd numbers
of Wilson Bull Oologist, Bird Lore,
Birds and Nature, O. and O. (Am. Nat-
uralist Vol. IX, 1875) Blue Bird, Birds
of Va., Birds of Md. and many others.
Want cash, books on Ornithology, Man-
nalogy, Eggs in sets, and Auks Vol. 1
to 5, Bird Lore Vol. 1, Nos. 2 and 4, Vol.
21, Nos. 2 and 3; Vol. 3, Nos. 1, 2 and 3:
H. H. BAILEY, 319 54th St., Newport
News, Virginia.

NOTICH—I will collect Southern But-
terfiies this season for cash. All inter-
ested write me. Prices low. Specimens
guaranteed. D. V. HEMBREIE, Roswell,
Ga.

FOR SALE—Birds of North and Mid-
dle America, Parts 1 to 7, $ .25; “Auk”,
Vols. 16 to 23: $1.50 per vol. or $10.00
for the lot. EVERETT EH. JOHNSON,
Herbron, Maine. R.R.1.

FOR EXCHANGE—Two sets of but-
cersiies in eiker mounts, size 8 by 14, for
a small bore shot gun or rifle. D. GOLD!
BERG, R. R. 3, Rockville, Conn.

NOTICE to cash buyers of Southern
Butterflies I will collect and sell at low
prices this spring all Southern Butter-
flies. D. V. HEMBREBE, Roswell, Ga.

SKINS WANTED—Cash or trade. Al-
berte Squirrel, Dark faced Fox Squirrel,
Cioit and Ringtail Cats, Oppossum,
Mountain Beaver, Little chief hare,
Douglas Squirrel, Prairie Dog, Grey
Fox, Golden Chip Monk, also avocet,
Roadrunner, Limpkin, Ibises, Least Bit-
tern, Barn Owl, Mockingbird. OLIVER
TRAFFORD, St. Eugene, Ontario, Can.

THE OOLOGIST.

Vou. XXXV. No.6 ALBION, N. Y., JUNE 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 883

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Il.

TAKE NOTICE.

‘ SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 37/ your subscrip-
tion expired with December. issue 1918. Other expiration» can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21. 1903, at the post offiee al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

:

POSPONICON

e
eR!

4
Fs eon

q

SANE PN NS WN

:

V
Ne ty

eA
L) } G

wd,

L. E. Healey, the Author.

Yes

SA SS HH ee

vA,

99 THE OOLOGIST

With this issue we conclude L. E.
Healey’s “Around Red Lake in a
Launch.” The Oologist and its read-
ers are surely under obligations to the
writer for the privilege of accompan-
ing him on this splendid outing trip.

The Editor.

Around Red Lake In a Launch
B. L. E. Healey
Part V

It was now Sunday noon and also
we had planned on eating that dinner
at the Agency, we still had a half day
to reach our ultimate destination on
scheduled time. The lake was very
quiet and we were tempted several
times to head straight across a dis-
tance of but twelve miles and one
half, thereby saving the time it other-
wise it would take to go around the
East end of this, the South Lake. We
however, decided that we had plenty
of time to reach the Agency for sup-
per and we would stick to the advice
given us to stay close to the shore at
all times. At the extreme East end
we found a shore line some five or six
miles long of as clean and white a
sand aS one could see. We were
tempted to take advantage of this
beautiful beach for a swim. So for
an hour we enjoyed the water, the
sunshine and the hot sand. The beach
at Atlantic City couldn’t be nicer for
bathing. We could wade out great
distances and the depth of the water
changed so gradually as to be hardly
noticeable. We venture to say that if
the wealthy people of Southern Min-
nesota and Iowa knew of this beauti-
ful beach, it would in time become as
popular as other bathing beaches of
National popularity. But we must hurry
on. As we rounded the end the water
became deeper as evidenced by dead
head logs which could be seen now
and then with the water soaked end
bumping the bottom and the light end

floating up. These logs are cut six-
teen and eighteen feet long and as
they were standing nearly on end we
knew the water to be nearly that
deep. We were out from the mouth
of the Black Duck River from whence
the logs had come, and we longed to
fish but the wind had been raising
and going with it, it soon kept us
busy handling the rudder to keep the
waves from washing over our stern.
We got our first sense of sea-sickness
here but it was too exciting to last
long. We were soon traveling West
in the troughs of the waves and for
the balance of the trip we experienced
the largest waves of our journey. The
wind was Sweeping across the lake
toward us and the South Lake being
deep the waves gained more magni-
tude. Our constant thought was, how
lucKy we were not to have crossed
the lake. We passed by Redby, the
little town where the logging railroad
connects the lake shore with the out-
side world. We were not sorry when
we pulled into port at the Agency at
six twenty, for the strain in handling
the little craft in those great waves
was heavy on us. We drew our boat
up the small creek for shelter, had
our supper and went up to the Govern-
ment School where we were acquaint-
ed wtih the long lean engineer and
his estimable wife. We were sure of
a hospitable reception and enjoyed
comforts of one of the spare rooms.
The school here is one of many
years standing. Uncle Sam has done
and is doing a wonderful work for his
native children. Besides the main
building which is very large, weil
heated and well ventilated structure,
there is a modern, well equipped hos-
pital, large barns, extensive farm
fields, a saw-mill and a planting mill,
administration buildings, a laundry,

an electric plant, church, and severaJ
individual homes and cottages. Across

THE OOLOGIST 98

the Red Lake Creek is located the
Indian village of Red Lake. It con-
tains a pool hall, two general stores,
a picture show, a dance hall where
the young folks one-step, waltz and
the old men do not do the pow-wow,
for the Government tries to do away
with that sort of a dance, these enter-
prises all owned and operated by In-
dians together with the hotel and auto
bus line. One can drive for five
miles down to Redby where the rail-
road station is and see Indian farms
all the way. He also passes the Fair
Grounds where once a year the Gov-
ernment people hold a Fair and there
is a general gathering of the tribes.
Or one may drive in the other direc-
tion down along the lake shore and
see farms in that direction. Here, too
he passes the Catholic Church and
school and the Indian grave yard, an
interesting looking place with its
little coup-like houses over each grave.

After a very pleasant sojourn we
set out for our homeward trip one
afternoon and at five o’clock we were
again at the Outlet, having complete-
ly circumscribed the lake. We knew
we had no show for a mooring from
now on until we should reach Nep-
tune and once started we felt we had
to complete that much of our journey
before putting up for the night. A
heavy storm arose. The sky became
overcast early. It became so dark we
could not see the course of the river.
Our head light served us well. At ten
o’clock amidst the roll of thunder and
the approaching storm, we pulled up
to the dock at Neptune with the lady
of the house cautiously awaiting our
approach with a loaded shot gun. The
men folks had been away all day cut-
ting hay at some far distance with a
scythe and had not yet returned home.
The lady had been troubled that af-
ternoon with drunken Indians and she
thought they had returned with fire

brands when she saw the stream of
light from our lamp playing back and
forth on the buildings. She felt much
relieved, although at that time the
man of the place returned. We se-
cured the boat and fastened down its
curtains, and with permission thought
to sleep inside because of the storm.
It was the same story of the night
with the Sweede farmer the week be-
fore. ‘Yours truly” sought the com-
forts of the boat despite the storm,
while Bud snored on. He missed me
at daybreak and came down only to
disturb my peaceful slumbers in the
boat where I was free from bed bugs.

The balance of our trip to Thief
River Falls was uneventful. Suffice
it to say it was made down stream
from the lake at the rate of seven and
one half miles per hour as compared
with five miles per hour going up. We
spent one night in Thief River Falls

‘and the next day saw us home. Thus

ends a story of a long to be remember-
ed trip and any one desiring such an
outing can make no mistake in repeat-
ing our experiences.
L. E. Healey.
Be ceeee ae MEE Pest RU Pee

To the Smithsonian Institution

Capt. Es Woitkichards,U. S. Nechas
been assigned to the Command of the
new Naval Hospital established by the
Government on Ward’s Island, New
York Harbor. This hospital has a ca-
pacity of a thousand beds and we be-
lieve will function entirely satisfac-
torily under the command of so good
an Oologist as Capt. Richards. He
has been a continuous subscriber to
the Oologist since Vol. I Number 1,
January 1, 1884.

The very large collection of eggs
owned by Capt. Richards (something

over 1200 species) including many ex- -°

ceedingly rare foreign sets and sev-
eral thousand eggs from Australia has
been deposited by him in the National

94 THE OOLOGIST

(Smithsonian) Museum at Washing-
ton, Dy.

The article “On the Food of the
Marsh Hawk” in April 1919 Oologist
was inadvertently published without
the signature of the author, Verti
Burteh; -Branchport, Ni oY.

EBD ae eS SS Ie
Trumpeter Swan

Dr. R. W. Shufeldt sends us a copy
of the Pictorial Section of “The Wash-
ington Post” of May 11th in which ap-
pears a half tone photo reproduction
of the male Trumpeter Swan deposit-
ed by the Editor in the United States
Zoological Gardens at Washington,
and it may truly be said the old bird
looks healthy, vigorous and natural,
though we are sorry to learn that the
female with which it was sought to
be mated in said Zoological Gardens
ias recently died.

If anyone knows of a female Trum-
peter Swan in confinement, we would
appreciate any information as_ to
the whereabouts of this bird at once,
as another effort should be made to
save this splendid race from totally
vanishing from the face of the earth.

MES 2 EA Ne eA Bed al
Some British Birds

I last wrote to the Oologist while
I was in the 626 Aero Squadron in
Kelly Field, Texas (March 1918).
Leaving that camp I was sent to
Camp Morrison near Newport News,
Virginia, and there transfered to the
537 Aero Squadron; going overseas
from New York.

I do not know where the line is
drawn between the British birds and
those of America, but I judge that up
to the “half way point” all birds are
American on the western half and
English or Huropean on the eastern
half.

The commonest bird I saw after
crossing the “line” was Wilson’s Pet-
rel, though once in a while I saw a

lone Stormy Petrel. About twelve
hours before we sighted the coast of
Ireland, I saw several Iceland Gulls,
called by the sailors “Sea Pigeuns.”

When we had followed the Irish
Coast quite a ways and were in sight
of the coast of Scotland on our left,
we came upon several Guillemots
Swimming on the surface of the water.
I was in the bow at the time, and as
far forward as I could get, so I had a
good chance to watch these birds.
They were directly in the path ofthe
steamer yet did not seem to be at
all alarmed at the oncoming bulk of
the S. S. Empress of Russia and wait-
ed until its steel prow was nearly up-
on them before they dived. The water
was clear and from my position I
could see them as the swam under
water with the aid of their wings.
Several flocks of these birds we met,
only a few taking wing, the rest seek-
ing safety by diving.

As we got nearer land, Gulls and
Terns became more numerous. Every
ship of the convoy had a flock of the
former following it from the time we
were within three hours of land, and
they were literally swarms of them
with us aS we dropped anchor in the
Mersey River at Liverpool across from
Birkenhead. Every available space
was taken up by gulls on the roofs of
the buildings along the docks and on
the ship’s masts also. I would say
that Liverpool was a town of Sea
Gulls and fog had I not later seen
more of it at Camp Knotty Ash near
Old Swan and thereby decided the
town to be all mud. Black-headed
Gulls, Herring Gulls, Kitte Wakes and
a few other species were observed by
me. E

When we moved inland to finish our
training, I found I had to relearn my
ornithology, for only one or two of
the birds did I know at sight. I knew
the Starling because of its resem-

THE OOLOGIST 95

blance, by actions alone, to the Mead-
ow Lark here at home. Also I knew
the Rook.

I was stationed at the Harling Road
Aerdrome in Norfolk county near Nor-
wich. This city of Norwich contained
a museum of Natural history of no
small collections. It was this museum
that I spent most of my spare time
while on leave there. This, with a
book I found one day in one of the
book stores of the town “Our Coun-
try’s Birds’? by W. J. Gordon, helped
me to identify most of the birds I met
with.

For the stim of six shillings one
could rent a bicycle for a week and
after Retreat on clear evenings we
were given permission to ride about
the country. It was on rides like
these out into the less populated dis-
tricts that I met with the Night-jars.
Resembling the flight of the Night
Hawk is their wing motions, though
I never saw one flying at a very great
height and they are silent save for an
occasionally twittering sound uttered
as they flutter about in the dusk for
insects. From the fields, as the even-
ings drew on, the voice of the Corn
Crake was to be heard. It was a hard
matter to get a good view of these
birds for they kept pretty low, though
if one was silent behind a cover of
some sort, for a period, they aften-
times came near. I asked an old
farmer, one evening, before I had
identified the birds, what they were
and was told they were Curlews. I
heard and saw several owls on these
trips, but the light was usually so
poor by the time these birds came out
to fly that identification was impos-
Sible for me.

I oftentimes saw and heard Sky
Larks in the early mornings and even-
ings. Very common was the Bull
Finch and House Sparrows.

In the hawthorne hedges about the

Aerdrome I saw British Long-tailed
Tits and its relative the Blue Tit. This
last is a very pretty bird and its an-
tics remind one of the Crested Tit or
the Chickadee at home. Quite often I
saw the true Robin (Hrithacus rube-
cula).

The several species of woodpeckers
are listed to be found in England, I
saw not one single specimen. Every-
where the Pheasant (Phasianus col-

chicus) was abundant. Though pro- .

tected by law, not infrequently these
birds “got in the way” of a machine-
gun bullet and made “swell” eats for
the Yanks.

Nearly every stream had one or
more Moor Hens upon its surface and
many times I have seen flocks of Lap-
wings on the freshly plowed grounds.

My stay in England lasted from
August 20 to December Ist, 1918. We
boarded the Empress of Britian at
Liverpool for ‘“God’s Country,” Dec.
first. The Gulls of Liverpool followed
us out past the coast of Wales and
when darkness was falling they were
still with us though we had been mov-
ing for seven hours. Morning found
us tossing upon a very rough sea with
no Gulls in sight.

Thus closes the account of the birds
I met with while in England.

Ralph J. Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kansas.
May 6, 1919
pies ei AO eee ae

We will commence in the July issue
publishing a wonderfully interesting
article by J. N. Munro, on “Collecting
in British Columbia.” This is accom-
panied by splendid illustrations and
will run through several issues.

et ES PUPAE TEN Geert
We Are Short of Copy: See!
{a@F Send in some forthwith. This
means everyone. Thanks in advance.
Very urgent.~3a
The Editor.

as. ea SE a ee

96 THE OOLOGIST

Merrill W. Blain

In Memoriam

Merrill W. Blain, for many years 2
subscriber to the Oologist, died at his
home in Los Angeles, California, on

December 26, 1918. He was born at
Oceanview, California April 24, 1894.
He received his early education at
San Francisco and later was graduat-
ed from the Hollywood School in
1915. At the time of his death Mr.
Blain was a third year student in tne
Detroit College of Medicine and Sur-
gery.

Mr. Blain was an enthusiastic or-
nithologist and was a member of the
Cooper Ornithological Club of Cali-

fornia, the Wilson Ornithological
Club and the American Ornithologist’s
Union. He had a fine collection of
the birds and eggs of Southern Cali-
fornia which has since been sent to
his uncle, Dr. Alexander W. Blain of
Detroit.

Mr. Blain had a large list of friends
among the ornithologists, especially
on the coast and was extremely popu-
lar as a student at college.

He had returned to California in
the hopes of regaining his health and
was for some months in a sanitarium
but he continued to fail. He was
buried in California amid the hills
and flowers he-loved so well.

THE OOLOGIST 97

Bird Notes from Lake Worth, Tarrant
County, Texas.
By Ramon Graham

March 15, 1919. Belted Kingitisher
observed by Earl Moffat. They were
digging a hole in the banks of a gravel
pit near my camps. On April 27 they
had four eggs. Five Kingfishers holes
observed in March, April and May.
On May 16th I observed a Kingfisher
hole in a sand bank of Goat Island,
Lake Worth. Upon examination I
found that there was a set of seven
eggs, heavily incubated. The bird
would not leave the nest.

March 30, 1919. Noticed first arriv-
al.of Scissor tail Flycatcher. One
pair building a nest in a dead tree
out in the lake near camps on May
16th.

April 7, 1919. Observed a set of
five Screech Owls, looked to be heav-
ily incubated. On this date I watched
a pair of Blue Grey Gnatcatchers
building a nest. Later on I went for
further observations and a storm had
blown the nest down, and on April
20th I went back to the same woods,
I saw a Gnatcatcher doing some ac-
robat stunts while catching gnats.
She kept this up for about fifteen
minutes, then she went to her nest
which was situated on a horizontal
limb about three feet from the main
trunk of the tree. I went up and
found one egg and a Cowbird’s egg.
On May 8th I went back again and
the Cowbird was hatched and the
Gnatcatcher egg was there but the
birds had deserted the nest.

April 28, 1919. Turkey Vultures
were nesting on the rocky banks of
Lake Worth near camps. One set
observed on this day.

April 29, 1919. Found Bells Vireo
nest with three Cowbirds eggs in it.
I took them out and went back later
and the birds had deserted the nest.

April 30, 1919, I observed a pair of

Summer Tanagers building a nest
within three inches of where they had
a nest and successfully raised their
young last year. On May 138th there
were three Tanager eggs an one Cow-
bird.

May 1919. Whippoorwills around
camps every night this month but no
eggs observed so far.

May 7, 1919. Observed a pair of
Crested Flycatchers mating.

May 8, 1919. Watched a Loon do
seme long distance diving out in the
lake.

May 10, 1919. Texas Bewicks Wren
nesting in a bird house placed in a
tree in front of my camp.

May 14, 1919. Observed a set of
seven Dickcissel. Four of the eggs
had brown specks on the large end;
the others were blue. Out of several!
hundreds sets observed by me this is
the first set that ever had any mark-
izgs on them. Is this a freak set or
las other collectors ever found any
of them.

May 16, 1919. About 200 geese ob-
served flying over the lake. I saw
six Snow Geese last year in April.
These are the first white geese ob-
served by me on Lake Worth in four
years. Also found a Red-headed Wood-
pecker hole with one egg on this date

March, April and May. Many Ducks,
Geese, Pelicans, Gulls and Terns ob-
served during these months.

May 15, 1919. The Hummingbirds
ere laying in full blast. I have ob-
served several nests lately.

May, 1919. Night Hawks observed
about camps every evening.

LS ee
Blackbirds in Texas
By R. A. Sell
“Bust come the blackbirds clatterin’
in the trees
And settlin’ things in strange con-

gresses,

98 THE OOLOGIST'

Queer politicians though for I’ll be
skinned
If all on ’em don’t go agin the wind.”

Aside from the feathered curiosi-
ties, the long-legged cranes, the er-
ratic curlews, the delicately tinted
spoonbills and the spacious-mouthed
pelicans, possibly the various kinds of
blackbirds are the first to attract the
attention of a tourist. Such aristo-
cratic bronzed grackles and and great-
tailed grackles with their shining ir-
ridescent blue-black feathers and gold-
en eyes—set in pure silver rings—can
only be equalled by the gay-colored
redwings and the audacious boat-tails
making up in dash and impudence
what they lack in personal beauty.
Under ordinary crcumstances,. all of
these are considered hard working,
law-abiding citizens, but with the price
of rice soaring above all previous rec-
ords, many people and more especially
the farmers, are disposed to look upon
this year’s cloud of blackbirds with a
reluctant tolerance. They are es-
teemed much like a family of indig-
ent relatives who come too often and
stay too long.

There has been so much said ahout
the enormous appetites of these black
clouds of cheerfulness that the writer
gladly made use of the first opportun-
ity to go out into the rice fields where
they were supposed to be eating rice
taster than an army of Chinamen. In
the rice fields near Hagle Lake, there
were more blackbirds than it seemed
possible could exist without literally
eating up the crops. If, as they have
determined by what seemed to me to
be too extensive examination of stom-
achs, an average meal for a bird is
only eight grains of rice, it must take
a quantity equal to several sacks to
make a square meal for one of those
large flocks. Yet we are told by these
experts that a blackbird requires from
ten to fourteen meals a day, but, no

difference; we will not get excited;
there is lots of rice and blackbirds
are, for the most part, gleaners,

The simple, ‘‘clouds of blackbirds”
was not overdrawn. On two occasions
when we were directed under passing
flocks, the sun was completely hidden
from view. Looking directly towards
the sun seemed like looking into a
very dark mass and the sound of the
many wings was like the first waves
of a very severe storm. It took one
of these very large flocks eighteen
minutes to pass and another flock
that was timed a little later in the
day passed in eight minutes. Those
old stories that have been told about
the passenger pigeons were not over-
drawn; it is only a question of get-
ting the birds together.

Sometimes they would light around
a stack of grain and literally make
it black. When slightly frightened
they would rise as a wave and swing
around almost like a whirlwind and
drop back to the same place again.
No other bird cared to cross their
path. A large hawk made a respect-
ful detour in order to avoid an un-
pleasant meeting with these arrogant
birds. A northern’ shrike almost
sailed into a flock before he knew it,
but he was soon escorted around the
place by a delegation of blackbirds.

The noise of such a flock of black-
birds cannot be fittingly described.
The “kee” and “click” sounds, that
are so familiar under ordinary con-
ditions, blend so completely with the
other “pink,” “punk,” “buzz; aye
of saw-filing and tin pan pounding
that it seems almost like an aggrega-
tion of very different birds from
blackbirds.

The experience of seeing such an
aggregation of grackles, red-wings,
yellow-heads, rusty blackbirds and
blackbirds all, in the full enjoyment
of their fall carnival, is a complete

99

pson.

Tower.

‘

Ine

o by Wolcott Thom

THE OOLOGIST
ic Power L
—Phot

’s Nest in Electr

Young Raven

100 THE OOLOGIST

Rebin and Mourning Dove Using Same Nest. Nest and Eggs in Situ.
—Photo by Walter A. Goelitz,

THE OOLOGIST 101

course in ornithology. It cannot be
described, much less exaggerated. Let
rot some one who has seen only a
few hundred birds at a time, offer
comments; seeing is believing. <A
few days before this, Barnum’s show
visited Houston, but the visions of his
few elephants, camels, caged lions and
trained hippopotamuses artifically
proded about by brown Syrians in
red jackets faded into insignificance
in the presence of this matchless wave
of throbbing ornithology, this cease-
less roll of reverberating calls and
clatters, this miracle of instinct and
naive adaptations.
nee RE
Dove Mimicking Cowbird

The following incident is not an
oological triumph but it is of so un-
usual occurence that I thought a
short note would be permissable.

On May 7th, 1919 I found a Mourn-
ing Dove and a Robin trying to keep
house together, or rather the Robin
was holding down the claim for the
both. In this case a Dove laid an egg
in the nest of a Robin who was work-
ing night and day to hatch three of
her own. A visit on May 13th found
the bird still incubating the four eggs,
and at that time the accompanying
photograph. was taken. The upper
left egg is that of the Dove, and is
noticeably different in shape as well
as in color. The nest was located
twelve feet up in an apple tree in an
abandoned orchard near the outskirts
of Champaign, Ill. Although I planned
to watch this strange nest closely the
opportunity to visit it again was lack-
ing and therefore, I cannot say as to
the outcome.

Walter A. Goelitz.

Ravinia, Ill., Feb. 6, 1919.

An English Sparrow Makes Its Home
In the Nest of a Hawk

Of course you have all heard about

or seen for yourselves some excep-

tional nesting places of that fussy
little pest, the English Sparrow.
Among such erratic instances which
I have observed is one which I think
is worthy of record.

One April day I went with a local
bird man to hunt nests of the red-
tailed hawk. As we passed the home
of a farmer friend he informed us that
a pair of hawks was nesting in a
large open woods on the far side of
the hill. Upon approaching this
woods we caught sight of the mother
bird as she stealthfully glided away
through the big timber. My friend,
who was an expert climber, ascended
the nesting tree and upon nearing the
hawk’s home exclaimed that a female
English sparrow kept scolding from
the branches nearby. And what do
you suppose he found when he reached
the bottom of the large nest? Well,
tucked in among the coarse sticks was
a partly made sparrow’s nest. Inthe
hawk’s nest was a single incubated
egg. Measurements showed that the
tree was about one hundred and
twenty-five feet tall and the nest was
exactly one hundred feet above the
ground.

S. S. Dickey.
Le eee Fave ye Sears > CEES
Late Departure of the Barn Swallow

In the December 1917, Oologist, I
recorded a Barn Swallow that was ob-
served at the Susquehanna on Oct.
20th, 1917.

On Sept. 28th, 1918 a single Barn
Swallow was observed at the same
point along the Susquehanna River.
This point is visited by a great many
Swallows during the fall migration.
Although I did not visit this point in
the fall of 1918 since Sept. 28th, it
is my personal opinion that the Barn
Swallow regularly remains at this
point until late in September, and
often well into October.

According to the March and April

fy

——

pe

eee emay AL

een

102 THE OOLOGIST

1918 numbers of Bird Lore, the aver-
age dates of departure of the Barn
Swallow at Washington, D. C., and
Philadelphia, Penn., are Sept. 8th and
9th, respectively, and the extreme
dates are Sept. 19th and Oct. 17th, re-
spectively.
Arthur Farquhar.
Sa Ie TS a aS
Disease, and Bird Life

P. B. Peabody, Blue Rapids, Kansas

I have often found dead birds, with
no marks of violence upon their
bodies; and have fallen to wondering
at the cause of death. Almost invari-
ably, the ailment has been found to
be some form of liver derangement.

On the shore of Spirit Lake, Iowa,
I once found a beautiful specimen of
the Franklin Gull. It was utterly
emaciated; and all the _ capillaries
were much congested. The liver was
manifestly the cause of the emancipa-
tion and subsequent death. Last
spring, in Iowa, several birds were
brought to me, in perfect plumage;
one of these being a Red-headed
Woodpecker. Here, again, it was the
liver that went wrong. Later, the
same young lady that found the Wood-
pecker brought me a magnificent Barn
Owl. The plumage of this bird was
in absolutely perfect condition. In
preparing the body to be sent to
Omaha for mounting I, of course,
sexed the specimen; and examined
the viscera with care. The bird was
neither lean nor fat; nor was there
any congestion. But the liver was
wholly atrophied; and the gall-blad-
der had burst. A few weeks later the
young lady found the mate to this
superb male Barn Owl. This, also
was dead.

tue ie Aa
Jottings of May 1919
Resisting not the call of the woods
and the spell of the Spring I have
gone out and away this Sunday after-

noon of early May. It is along towards
evening and the breezes that stir the
new leaves on the trees are cool and
refreshing and soul filling.

Only yesterday it rained and the
earth is still moist and damp; but all
vegetation seems to have added anew
vigor and lustre. The brooklet has
run long enough to become clear
again.

I am now seated upon an oldstone
wall near the above mentioned brook,
whose rustic grayness is reflected in
its gurgling waters. Quietly the
stream flows here yet only a little
way beyond the presence of small
stones and pebbles’ obstruct its
course; and the brook, seeming glad
of the opposition, gurgles and sings
as it flows along until, after many
windings and twisting about, finally
passes into the silver body of the
Lake-of-the-Woods, whose _ silveryness
IT can see through the trees at my
left. From my seat on the wall I can
look upwards through the branches,
into the depths of a blue sky where
two Turkey Vultures are sailing about
on motionless pinions, seemingly dis-
obeying the law of gravity. A multi-
tude of the feathered folk are about
me, going about their courtship and
house-building as though I was no-
where in the neighborhood.

In an old elm over my head, an Or-
chard Oriole is paying court to his
olive-yellow wife, while in the same
tree yet higher up, an Indigo Bunting
is trying to attract the attentions of
a sparrow-like bird—his mate. In the
bushes near the brook I can see a
pair of White-throated Sparrows kick-
ing about the leaves on the ground.
A Brown Thrasher, farther up the
slope, is doing the same thing, only
he is making more noise about it; the
while another, likely his mate, is seat-
ed on the topmost branch of a small
tree and singing as only a Thrasher

THE OOLOGIST 108

can on a May morning. A Phoebe,
whose nest I found earlier in the
evening, plastered to the wall of a
cement culvert, is perched upon a
twig over the stream and seems in-
terested in something in the water.

A Flicker, working its way up the
side of a tall sycamore, next attracts
my attention. I can hear a cousin of
his, the Red-head, scolding from a tele-
phone pole along the road.

Ah, ha, whom have we here? a
Scarlet Tanager and wife, first ones
I have seen this season. They donot
stay long for away they go to another
tree, he in his livery of scarlet and
black and she in her modest and in-
conspicuous suit of olive green. Isee
this pair in this neighborhood every
season yet have never been able to
find their nesting site or nest.

Lakeward I can hear the sweet
“Oak-a-lee” of the Red-shouldered
Blackbird, where he is swaying on the
top of an old stunted willow whose
roots are under water most of the
year, and keeping a weather eye
towards the tree where his wife is
brooding, lest enemies approach.
From somewhere deeper in the woods
I can hear the call of the Chewink
or Towhee-and over the hill in the
meadow, I can hear the familiar notes
of the Dickcissel.

Over head, with a swish of wings,
pass the flock of Blue-winged Teal I
saw on the lake as I walked along the
shore. Something or someone must
have frightened them off the water,
but they do not intend to leave for
they swing back. I counted just six
of each sex.

A tall Black Jack Oak, standing
near, which very recently had been
struck by a bolt of lightning and whose
trunk had been completely circled by
the bolts downward course, is being
inspected by a Black-capped Chicka-
dee. This little fellow does not seem

to care whether his head is up or
down for he goes about his work with
unconcern and with occasionally a
pronouncing of its name.

The shadows are lengthening, for
the sun is nearing the crown of the
hill and I must needs arise and go
back to town, but I would like to

tary here in this delightful spot a

while longer.
Ralph J. Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kan.
SENTINEL aE ot CONE 6 cB
An Unusual Raven’s Nest

You may be interested in the unusual
note of finding an American Raven’s
nest with seven young birds, April 27,
1919, seventy-five feet high in a tower
of an electrical transmission line

May 7, 1919

carrying 130,000 volts crossing the’

alkali flats west of this city.
J. Wolcott Thompson,
Salt Lake City, Utah.
a oe So ee iar
Collecting In British Columbia
J. A. Munro
Of all Canada, British Columbia, un-
doubtedly offers the largest and most
interesting field for pioneer investiga-
tions along zoological lines. Various
field parties have collected in the vi-
cinity of settlements and along val-
leys and rivers that are easy of access,
and certain limited areas have been

well worked, but the vast hinterland
of trailless, timbered hills in virgin

ground.

The several life-zones with their
characteristic fauna and flora, come as
a relief to the easterner, accustomed
to a less diversified topography, and
the less plastic faunal forms. Here,
one can follow spring up the mountain
Slopes or pass through two or more
life-zones in a few hours. An excell-
ent illustration of the effect of altitude
on plant and animal life is afforded
in the lower Okanagan District;—
from a semi-desert of sage-brush and

/ eS eee

p——_{

aa

ee

Fak 5 Rae

ees a ees

vurr ®

104 THE OOLOGIST a

Raven’s Nest in Electric Power Line.

—Photo by J. W. Thompson,

THE OOLOGIST , 105

greasewood, the home of Jack rabbits,
rattlesnakes, sage thrashers, and
Dotted canyon wrens, one can, in a
day’s travel on horseback travel
through, first, an open park, like area
of yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa) and
benches of bunch-grass; through sev-
eral miles of Douglas Fir (Pseudot-
suga taxifolia) to dense forests of Mur-
ray pine, (Pinus murrayana) and En-
glemans spruce (Picea engelmani);
and reach toward evening an alpine
country above timber line, where false
heather is the most luxuriant growth
and white-tailed ptarmigan, pipets,

pallid horned larks and Audubon her-
mit thrushes are breeding. A journey

showing as many changes as one
would find in travelling from Kansas
to the Hudson Bay.

The many valleys of British Colum-
bia are shut off from each other by
high mountain ranges. The bird mi-
grations follow the valleys north and
south and there is practically no com-
munication from east to west. This
has resulted in a certain amount of
modification in various species and
greatly enlarged the field for original
investigation. It has been the writer’s
privilege to spend the past seven years
in this magic land, engaged in zoologi-
cal field work. The greater part of
the work was done in the Okanagan
Valley. The larger portion of this dis-
trict is in the Dry Belt; the more
southern part being fairly open;—
sage-brush flats on the lower levels,
succeeded by wide benches of bunch-
grass and open stands of yellow pine,
as one ascends the hills. Farther
north the hills are more heavily tim-
bered, yellow pine being the principal
tree of the low altitudes. These merge
into the stands of Douglas Fir higher
up on the hills, and these in turn are
succeeded by Murray pine, Western

Larch and Engleman’s spruce, near the
summits. In the lower hills, therefore,

there are two distinct life-zones, the

Transitional Zone characterized by
the heavy growth of yellow pine and
such birds as Lewis’ .Woodpeckers
(Asyndesmus lewisi), Pygmy Nuthatch
(Sitta pygmaea pygyaea) etc.; and
the Canadian Zone, the most charac-
teristic birds of which are the Alaskan
Three-toed Woodpeckers (Picoides
Americanus' fasciatus), Columbian
Chickadee (Penthestes hudsonicus
columbianus) and Rocky Mountain
Jay (Perisoreus canadensis capitalis).
These species remain entirely within
the limits of the Murray pine and
spruce. Many transitional forms pene-
trate into the heavy forests of the
canadian Zone but usually in small
numbers. Still farther north from
Vernon to Shuswap Lake, the valley
is narrower, the soil is heavier and
there is a greater precipitation. Mur-
ray pine appears at a lower altitude,
there are stands of western red cedar
(Thuja plicata) and the yellow pine is
not so much in evidence.

Okanagan Lake is about ninety
miles long and between three and four
miles wide. The wooded shore, gen-
erally are steep, varied by occasional
gently sloping areas and alluvial flats
at the mouths of the creeks, grown
over with deciduous trees, the prin-
cipal species being black cottonwood
(Populus trichocarpa), aspen (Populus
tremulordis) western birch (Betula
fontinales) and several species of wil-
low (Salex).

The land is settled wherever the
conditions are suitable, fruit growing
and mixed farming being the chief in-
dustries. These with lumbering and
mining, in certain districts, support
the small towns of the interior. The
higher flats and valleys are subject to
summer frosts, the land generally be-
ing poor and stony, and these vast
tracks of hills and canyons, mountain
streams and forests, that have never
heard the axe of the vandal lumber-

ewer

a a a ose a

106

jack are likely to remain for genera-
tions, the breeding ground of our birds
and mammals.

Town dwellers are in the midst of
the wilderness. In plain view on every
side are the forested hills; in the
spring, misty curtains of vivid green
against the serried ranks of fir, mark
the stands of ttamarack; October
blazes out in the flaming orange of
the cottonwoods, and winter, no less
beautiful, brings its painting of snow,
a glittering silver crown on _ the
sombre firs. In these mountain towns,
wild life comes to our very doors; one
hears cayotes mourning at night and
mule deer, lynx and cougar sometimes
wander into the suburbs. It is this
element of the unexpected, of
romance, that holds one and stirs
ones imagination.

The following field note of a flying
trip through the lower Okanagan, and
the Limilkameen and Necola Valleys
may be of some interest.

Summerland, B. C., April 22, 1917.
Spent the day at Trout Creek Point;
this is a wide alluvial flat, originally
covered with enormous black cotton-
wood and western birch. Much of the
land has been cleared and cultivated,
but there is still several hundred acres
of the original forest. A dense under-
growth of alders, dogwoods and wil-
lows, makes walking difficult off the
trails. The cultivated portions are
surrounded by patches of brush and
second-growth aspens and afford ex-
cellent cover for birds.

Ring-necked Pheasants (Phaseanus
torquatus) have reached here from the
lower Okanagan; they are protected
locally and should do well. We flush-
ed several in the thick brush.

Along the margin of the creek, we
found many beaver tunnels and run-
ways, made during the high water.
They had cut down several large cot-
tonwoods, and a large alder was half

THE OOLOGIST

gnawed through, the scar stained deep
orange by the sap—a vivid patch of
color.

A number of new arrivals were in
the cottonwoods, Ruby-crowned King-
lets (Regulus calendula) Red-naped
Sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius nuch-
alis) Gambles Sparrow (Zonotrichia
leucophrys gambeli) and Audubon’s
Warbler (Dendrocia auduboni audu-
boni). When I left Okanagan landing,
eighty miles north, yesterday, none of
these species had arrived. With the
exception of the early migrants and
the catkins on the alders and willows,
there are few signs of spring; the
ground under the cottonwoods is cold
and wet and one sinks ankle deep in
the wet brown leaves.

A flock of Pipets (Anthus rubes-
cens) were feeding on a ploughed field
at the edge of the woods; a pigeon
hawk made a splendid stoop, coming
from the edge of the brush with in-
credible speed and carried off one of
the flock. Later my partner shot a
very pale male with the 22. I thought
at first this was (richardsoni) but
careful examination of the tail-bars
and the primary webs, showed it to be
a pale example of (Columbarius).

Another interesting specimen was a
male Fox Sparrow, quite unlike the
breeding form (Schistacea); it is more
rupescent, less heavily spotted on the
underpart and the tail is reddish
brown in marked contrast to the gray
tail of (Schistacea).

The Crows are building in the alders
and willows, and we watched a pair

of Ospreys repairing their old nest at
the top of a dead cottonwood.

April 24. Left Summerland by auto- .
mobile at 9:00 a. m., through Penticton
at the foot of Okanagan Lake and over
the Green Mountain Pass, to the
Similkameen Valley. This is the low-
est pass, 2000 feet, and is free of snow.
A small lake on the summit is still

THE OOLOGIST

frozen and there are few signs of
spring.

In a pile of slide-rock at the base of
a tall cliff, we heard Pikas (Ochotona
cuppes) squeaking and we examined
their depleted stores of dry hay. Kin-
nikinnic (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) and
various grasses were the principal
plants stored. The shrill whistle of
the Yellow-bellied Marmot (Marmota
flaviventra avarus) came to us from
the higher ledges along the road. A
small flock of Hepburnis Rosy Finch

(Leucosticte tephrocotes _littoralis)
alighted on the road in front of the

car, but we were not out quick enough
to secure any.

We camped beside a small stream,
at the junction of two narrow valleys.
The mountains were steep and high,
covered deep in snow near the sum-
mits.

Bands of Jays frequented the camp
and the alder thickets along the mar-
gin of the stream. They appeared to
be intermediate between (stilleri) and

(annectens); the white superciliary
was indistinct and wanting in one

specimen.
The insistent, monotonous call of a

Saw-whet came from the alders at the
creek’s edge, a single note repeated at

regular intervals. This is the only note
I have heard; there is a bell-like qual-
ity in the tone that is distinctive. lI
have been asked the name of the “bell-
bird that calls in the night.”

April 25. Broke camp after skin-
ning the birds and mammals collected
yesterday. A run of a little more than
an hour, over a good road brought us
to the valley of the Similkameen
River. This valley is remarkably level
and in its natural state, covered with
tall sage-brush. The mountains in
places rise almost sheer and some of
them reach above timber-line. From
Keremeos to Hedley, the road runs
along the river and skirts mile after
mile of slide-rock at the base of the

107

mountains. The river is narrow and
rapid, and is now at high water. There
has originally been a heavy forest of
cottonwoods along the banks but
much of it has been cleared.

The migration has barely started
and bird life is not abundant. Shufeldts
Junco (Junco hyemalis’' shufeldt),
Western Meadowlark (Sturnella mag-
na neglecta), Black-headed Jay (Cyan-
ocetta stelleri annectens), and West-

ern Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gram-
ineus confinis) are the commonest
species. No raptores were seen with

the exception of one Desert Sparrow
Hawk (Falco sparverius phalaena).
While passing through a sage brush
fiat an enormous flock of Rosy Finches
appeared, like a column of smoke and
alighted on the road in front of the
car. The flock was in two sections
and there were probably eight hun-
dred in all. When they first alighted
they were packed so closely that one
could not see the ground. Almost at
once they spread out and began to
feed. I collected several birds on the
outside of the flock and at the report
of the gun the birds rose and circled
around us, fluttering down to the dead
birds. The majority of them were
typical (lettorales) a few were typical

tephocotiis and several others were
intermediates. They were in breeding

dress; this plumage is gained by the
wearing off of the silvery edging on
the ends of the brown feathers. The
irides in both sexes are hazel, the tarsi
are black; the bill of the male is black;
that of the female is dark, olivaceous-
brown with a dusky yellow base.
These birds were evidently working
up the mountains to their breeding
ground above timber line. From the
valley we could see the snow clad
peaks up Ashenola Creek, one of their
summer ranges, and the deep snow
there showed clearly why they were
staying so late in the valley.

(To be continued in the July Oologist)

108 THD OOLOGIST

Sehicrite

Lieut. Richard C. Harlaw, State College, Pa.

THE OOLOGIST Vv

FOR EXCHANGE—Splendid perfect
New York State Fossil shells trilobite
eorals and C. Also sea shells and cur-
ios for U. S. or Foreign stamps in good
condition. All letters answered. ROGER
A. MATHERS, 310 East Main St., Batavia,
IN. -Y.

WANTHD—Volumes 1 and 2 of
Thorburn’s British Birds. Very hand-
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

WANTHD—American Ornithology Vol.
VI; Oologist Vol. XXVI, 1-2-4; Ornithol-
ogist and Oologist Vol. XI; Various
numbers of Condor. Have duplicates of
Journal Maine Ornithological Society;
early Oologist; Ornithologist and Oolo-
gist; Osprey; Nidiologist, ete. H. H.
JOHNSON, Pittsfield, Maine.

EXCHANGHEH—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
for insects, cucoons. Will also sell or

Saale microscope.
rite. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn. -

MISCELLANIZOUS. |

FOR SALH—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

FOR SALHE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0vu
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eRe or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
mopinied with active Oologist in New York
ity, Westchester Co., or ERED 3 ee ee
please

to expeditions next s ring 4 ee
ite Plains,

write. RAYMOND F
mee. i. i. D. No.1

FOR EXCHANGE-—Large showy_ India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene a

ey rid) Also many natives. Want A
i of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,
the entire U.S.

Who has skins or mounted fox Be ErOMe:
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

I want to get into touch with young
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEFF, Marionsville, !

FOR EXCHANGE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. BHARL MOFFEXT,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Haton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt

Lake City, Utah. 1-2t
STUFFED HORNED TOADS—First
class work. Large specimens filled

with a preparation that preserves the
skins and makes toads hold shape.
Mounted on cactus $2.50 each. Un-
mounted $1.50 each. GULE CURIO CO.,
Box 726-T, Houston, Texas.

FOR SALE
Quadropedes of North America, Au-

aubony- Violas” USAC as 6 oon te $ 2.00
Ridgway’s Manuel North Am

BES, NS 9G gas ak oe he rate che Talc cs 4.00
Birds of Kansas, Goss, 1886...... 1.50
English Sparrow in N. Am., Bar-

TOW Sit Ste sy sae eas tee) ics eee Bens 1.50

Ridgway’s Birds of N. and M. Am.
Wolsi i tok G75 fle.ke Paedepe =} « 25.00
Auks, Vol. 6 to 33 inclusive, 28
Vols., paper covers uncut....
carer and Stream, Vols. 1 to 12
Ibis, “1874 COMLS Son SOUT) aie oe.
And many vols. of Wilson Bull; Oolo-
gist, Bird Lore, O. and O. and other
Ornithological magazines and Govern-
ment publications.
HAROLD H. BAILEY,
Box 112.

Newport News, Va.
W ANTED—One

perfect skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with

data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
won pay cash. K. B. MATHHS, Batavia,
a ORY:

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR READ
A Magazine of Western 66 , 99
Ornithology Blue- Bird

Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of Califernia

Pubilshed in co-operation with

the

Cleveland Bird-Lovers’

Association,

and devoted to

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S$. Swarth

Bird Study and
Conservation
$1.50 a Year 15 Cents a Copy
AGENTS WANTED

“The QOondor’’ is strictly scientific
buts edited in such a way that a be-
inner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un-
erstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ aze

written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated NO FREE COPIES
A the highest quality of half tones.

we Uae Bier yaa ite Perse’ coen |“

tne United States and B0e. EDITOR BLUE-3IRD, Dept. R.
Address 1010 Euelid Ave.

W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
Eagle Roek, Los Angeles, Cal.

CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. -. - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM.
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - - Assistant Curator

THE OOLOGIST.

BIRDS-—-NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

Vou. XXXV/ No.f./ ALBION, N. Y., Juty 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 384

fi THE OOLOGIST
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS

Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 36 eents
for each 25 words for one issue; eaeh additional word 1 eent. No notiee las

serted for less than 25 cents.

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal
in the same. These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

In answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispcse of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il}.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. M.
BARNHES, Lacon, Ill.

WANTED—To correspond with active
field collectors, and exchange bird skins.
Especially want Shore birds from Mis-
souri and Kansas. Write EH. GORDON
ALEXANDER, Lexington, Mo.

WANTHED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef
the center of the U. S. If the birds are

HXCHANGE—F ine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JEWEHTT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large_ well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. HD-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G B. REGAR,
tue pees ae St., ede oeua, tae

W. 636. Can offer good sets of 325, 343
or 364 in exchange or cash. 1 6 P
SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
nests. Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.
DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.

EXCHANGE—I offer fine skins taken
in Virginia, of Canada and Greater
Snow Geese, Brant, Whistling Swan,

Bald Eagles, ete. Make offers in eggs
in sets, O &O books, bird skins or cash.
Also have good list of eggs in sets to
exchange. HAROLD BAILEY, Box 112,
Newport News, Va.

HGGS.

In sending iu your exchange natiees
for nests, skins and eggs, we would
preecinte it if you would arrange t
bumerais in your exehange netiee in
(heir numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTEHD—Entire collection of Hggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I1l.

EXCHANGE NOTICE-—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

TO EXCHANGEHE—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

W ANTED—Sets of all Falcons, Kites,
Eagles and Hawks, Caracarn, Alba-
trosses, Petrels and Warblers. Highest
cash price or exchange. Wanted to cor-
respond with all collectors. All letters
answered. J. W. DANIEL, JR., Western
State Hospital, Staunton, Va.

FOR EXCHANGH—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
105.2 1-1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1-1; 116 1-1;
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 4741 IN-2; 475 1-5;
486 1-5; 5383 1-3; 588 1-4; 543 1-3;
d60a N-4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1-4; 615 N-5;
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N- 4; 726c N-6,
N-5; 741 N- 6; 743 N-T; 748a, N-7, N-5.
J. EL. BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock, Ta-

coma, Wash.

FOR EXCHANGE—Eges in sets; A.
O. U. Nos. 141-1438, 146, 197-201, 225 and
many others. Also fine Pupae of Samia
gloveri. Want eggs in sets live pupae,
Butterflys, and Moths in pupae papers.
Send list and receive mine. J. W. SUG-
DEN, 47 S. Highth St., Salt Lake City,
Utah.

EXCHANGE—I wish to exchange a
few Nature pictures for the same, or
for insects, cucoons. Will also sell or
buy for cash. Wish to buy good com-
pound microscope. What have you?
Write. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

THE OOLOGIST.

VoL. XXXV. No. 6 ALBION, N. Y., Juuy 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 884

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Iil.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR ’

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
_ tion expired with December. issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post offiee at
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

aN
)

‘

A Coming Surprise
The next issue (August) of The
Oologist will contain another Orni-
thological and Oological Record. We
will record and publish information
concerning the nesting of the North
American birds covering the nesting
of which nothing is now known ex-
cept by surmise. This will be accom-
panied by half tone illustrations of
the birds at the nest and of the nest
and eggs. The Oologist every oncein
a while puts over a scoop of this kind
and in August we will put over areal

one. Guess what bird it is.

R. M. Barnes.

NAN

NIN

t

ANA

e
{

BAS oem

NZ

IANS NS NS NS NS

W
A

110 THE OOLOGIST

Collecting In British Columbia
J. A. Munro
(Continued from the June Oologist)

We stopped to talk with a “Klutch-
man” who was making buckskin by
the roadside. She posed for her photo-
graph and then told us the story of her
life. Her man was “long time mem-
loos,” her neighbors were “masatche
Siwash,” “ola time chaco, cop-su-
walak” all her grub, and so on.

(Her husband was long time dead,
her neighbors were bad Indians, come
all the time and steal all her grub).

Camped in a downpour of rain, in a
patch of sage-brush and spent the bal-
ance of the afternoon, skinning birds
and picking wood-ticks off our necks.

This valley is higher than the Okana-
gan and the migration is not as far ad-
vanced.

April 26. Broke camp in the morn-
ing and went back through the Green
Mountain Pass to the Okanagan;
turned south on the Fairview Road
and camped on a back-water of the
Okanagan River, close to Vaseaux
Lake. We have a fine level camping-
ground, under a clump of huge yellow
pines. The ground slopes’ gently
down to the slough; on the east side
is a wide expanse of brown tules, then
the river, and far beyond, snow-topped
mountains. A few hundred yards
south is Vaseaux Lake, the shores tule
fringed. It is warmer here and birds
are plentiful. Sandhill Cranes (Grus
mexicana) were heard flying over.
Several mated pairs of Canada Geese
were standing motionless on a sand-

bar on the shore of the lake and pheas-

ants were screeching in the brush.
Two Greater Yellowlegs, the first of
the season stood thigh deep at the
edge of the slough and the first Tur-
key Buzzards were seen, soaring
specks against the blue sky. April
27. Cold north wind and rain. We
found a derelict punt, anchored firm-

ly in the mud, with the seams caulked
by a luxuriant growth of grass and
weeds. It was an engineering feat to
get her in the water, but we managed
to do so finally, and pushed across the
shallow end of the lake and into the
slough, using narrow boards _ for
paddles. Some misguided enthusiast
introduced carp into Osooyos Lake,
some years ago and now they swarm
everywhere. Okanagan Falls stopped
their spread to the north for some
time, but a few have got over the ob-
struction and reached the southern
end of Okanagan Lake. The shallows
seemed alive with these spawning fish,
the surface boiling and broken into
hundreds of concentric rings, by their
splashing and turning; one could foul-
hook a fish at nearly every cast with
a devon. Large mouth black bass, al-
SO Spawning, had their nests along the
edge of the slough; they are in the
same category as the carp here, and
are not protected. We killed a two
and a half pound fish for our supper.

Western Tule Wrens, clinging to
the tall brown tules, sang in jerky,

estatic bursts of melody; Holboell’s
Grebe, far out in the lake, were call-

ing in chorus, and at a distance their
combined voices suggested a pack of
coyotes. A beautiful adult male
Marsh Hawk flying low over the tules,
beating up and down the _ slough,
methodically covering his hunting
ground came in gunshot and paid the
penalty of his rashness. Examination
showed a few brown juvenal feathers
on the back and flanks and led to
speculation as to whether the hawk
moults directly from the brown juve-
nal plumage into the fully adult blue
plumage or whether there is an inter-
mediate stage.~ Juvenals taken in
March are sometimes paler than are
the rich brown young of the year, but
this paleness is possibly due to wear.

Small bands of Coots (Felica ameri-

THE OOLOGIST 111

cana) were feeding along the bushy
margin of the slough and ip the shal-
lows of the lake; the mated ‘Honkers”’
were again seen flying low against the
wind, over the swaying, rustling tules.

The clouds cleared away and the
rain ceased in the evening, so we hur-
riedly packed our outfit and made
Okanagan Falls before dark.

A resident told us that a pair of
Sandhill Cranes (Grus mexicana) bred
every year near the slough at Vazsaux
Lake, where we had camped; he had
seen half grown young the previous
year.

April 28. A warm, clear morning we
visited the rock bluff near the falls
where the peregrines (Falco pere-

grinus anatum) had their eyrie, sev-
eral years ago, but no birds were seen.

We then motored eight miles east
over a sandy road, through yellow
pine flats, to a mountain ranch. This

is mountain sheep country and the
protected a small flock for several

years. In the winter the ewes and
yearlings come into his fields and feed
with his stock. A pair of Golden
Eagles have nested on a high rock
bluff, within sight of the ranch house
for several years.

We collect more (Cyanocitta)
Jays and these all had the clear white

eye-streak, diagnostic of (‘““‘annectens’’)

Started for Summerland at noon.
From Penticton the road runs along
the lake shore, under high sand cliffs,
sparsely dotted with sage brush. From
the car we could see flocks of Bald-
pates (Mareca americana) standing

on the sandbars, and hanseme, sal-
mon-breasted green-headed mergan-

sers (mergus americania) feeding in
the shallows. These and the Mal-
lards were all mated.

At Summerland we saw more Tur-
key Buzzards and the first western
Chipping Sparrow (Spezella_ socialis
arizoneae).

April 29. Twenty Sandhill Cranes

seen flying over Trout Creek Point;
Western Chipping Sparrows and West-

ern Vesper Sparrows (Pooecetes
graminus confinis) are common and
we noted the first alder Flycatcher

(EKmpidonax trailli alnoum).
From a twenty-foot alder on the lake

shore, we collected a set of six West-

ern Crow (Covus brachyrnchos hes-
peris). The nest is typical, made of

sticks and lined with shredded bark.

April 30. Bright clear day and we
made an early start for Vernon.
Stopped at Crescent beach where we
had previously seen a Long-eared Ow!
(Asia wilsonianus) occupying a de-
serted crow’s nest. This was in a
small patch of brush, Black Haw AI-
ders and Willows on the end of a
grassy point. The Owl was quite
hostile when we approached the nest,
elevating her ear tufts and glaring
with malevolent yellow eyes. There
was only one egg in the nest so we
did not disturb it. Collected a set of
six fresh Magpie eggs (Pica pica hud-
sonia).

We crossed Okanagan Lake on the
ferry at Westbank and reached Ver-
non late in the afternoon, traveling all
day through settled country.

June 7. Over the same ground as
on April 24, running as far as Hedley
on the Similkameen River. A great
difference in the number of birds seen
along the road; on the Summerland-
Penticton Road were dozens of Kes-
trels (Falco sparvernus' phalaena)
setting on the telephone wires; Lewis
Woodpeckers (Asyndesmus _lewisi)
flew ahead of the car, from tree to
tree, their flight suggesting the Red-
headed Woodpeckers of the east.

We stopped for lunch at the top of
the Green Mountain Pass, under some
century old Douglas Fir. The harsh
call of a Western Tanager (Piranga
ludoviceini) was heard from the dark
green forest and in a bushy thicket
bordering a little stream, were Spured

112 THE OOLOGIST

Towhees (Pipilo megalonyx montanus)
Shufeldts Junco (Junco hyemalis con-
necteus) and Sooty Song Sparrow
(Melospeza melodis rufena).

In the sage-brush flats beside the
Similkameen we watched that trim,

handsome Sparrow (chondestes gram-
macus' straigata) walking lark-like

along the dusty road or on the fence-
wire beside the female, ruffling his
feathers, spreading his tail and dis-
playing all his charms. Chipping
Sparrows were plentiful but we looked

in vain for that other little Spizella
(brewieri) which we expected to find

in the sage-brush.

Everywhere the sandy soil was
covered with the leafless, waxy blos-
som of (Lewisia redivava), pink,
mauve, cerise and violet, vivid dots of
color on the bare ground. The Si-
wash name for this plant is Spetluni;
they eat the semi-bitter root either
fresh or dried.

We ran the car up an old logging
road, half a mile into the Nickle
Plate Canyon, and camped beside
Twenty Mile Creek. On the north
side the mountain towered up sheer,
for two thousand feet—a bare wall of
reddish rock; on the south side the
Nickle Plate Mountain was less precip-
itous but higher and fir clad to the
top. The creek was full to the brim,
a coffee-colored torrent roaring over
the boulders.

Rain started about five o’clock;
looking up I was delighted to see a
dozen or more Vaux Swift (Chaetura

vauxi), circling, wheeling and dash-
ing through the air with incredible

speed. A number of the slower flying
violet-green Swallows (Tachycineta
thalassina lepida) were with them. I
managed to shoot four Swifts with
my twenty-two. Two were females
and the condition of the ovaries and
the worn breeding patch
that they were breeding. Sometimes

indicated

they chased each other, making a
sharp chattering cry. They disappear-
ed as quickly as they had come, flying
so fast one could not follow them
with binoculars. Perhaps they breed
high up on the rock cliff in some
chimney-like crevice.

There are few other birds on this

deep narrow canyon, a solitary Robin
whistled in the distance and on the

evening the Olive-backed Thrush
(Hylocichla ustulata swainsoni) sang
through the rain; clear, pearl-like
drops of melody.

June 8. All day a strong west wind
roared up the canyon and there was
rain at intervals. No birds could be
seen under these conditions, so we
prepared skins in front of the tent.
In the afternoon, walked far up the
canyon but saw no birds except two
Townsend’s Solitaire (Myadestes
townsendi) and one Western Warb-
ling Vireo (Vireosylva gilva swain-
soni).

June 9. Strong west wind and
heavy showers. Motored to Princeton
and camped in grove of yellow pine,
close to a small stream. This is open
park-like country similar to the Okan-
agan. There is a fine tuft of pine-
grass under the trees,

After lunch visited a little tule-
fringed slough, a mile from the camp.
Brewer’s Blackbird (Huphagus cyan-
ocephalus) were nesting in the pines,
a scant dozen of which were growing
on the little hills, surrounding the
small pond; several pairs of North-

western Red-wings (Agelaius phoeni-
ceus caurinus) had nests on the tule.
This district is higher and with later

spring than the Okanagan, evidence of
which we found in the late blooming
of the spring flowers that have now
gone to seed in the Okanagan.

June 10. Last night was quite cold
and it is only slightly warmer now.
Made skins all day, hugging the fire,

THE OOLOGIST 113

Collected a number of chipmonks
that are here in abundance; they ap-
pear to be more rufuscent than the
Okanagan race (affinis). There are
few pine squirrels, and all the white-
bellied kind. We were hunting for the
yellow-bellied species (douglasi) but
saw none. A half-breed hunter told
me that he had seen a few but that they
are scarce. He mentioned that a few
of the striped ground squirrels (Tam-
eas lateralis) had recently appeared;
they are probably coming into the
valley from the Hope Mountains
where they are abundant. My partner
spent the day with this hunter, visit-
ing his bear traps. One yearling bear
was taken. At this season of the year
they are feeding largely on wild
vetches, which grow luxuriantly in
many of the open glades in the yellow
pine forest. We spent the evening at
the half-breed’s camp and in his Indian
monosyllabic fashion he told us hunt-
ing stories. On one occasion when
out of provisions he had lived for a
week on fool-hens’ eggs (Canachites
franklini)—-what a frightful waste!

A cold wind had been blowing with-
out interruption since we arrived and
birds are hard to locate. The follow-
ing species were noted close to camp:

Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis mam-
laria), common; Western’ Red-tail
(Buteo borealis calurus), two seen
Desert Sparrow Hawk (Falco sparver-
ius phalaena), not common; Richard-

son’s Grouse (Dendragpus obscurus
richardsoni), common; Rocky Mount-

ain Hairy Woodpecker (Dryobates vil-
losus monticola), common; Red-naped

Sapsucker (Sphyapicus varius nucha-
lis), common; Lewis’ Woodpecker

(Asyndesmus lewisi), common; Cal-
liope), Hummingbird (Stellula_ calli-
ope), common; Olive-sided Flycatch-
er (Nuttallornis borealis), one seen;
Hammonds’ Flycatcher (Empidonx
hammondi), common; Western Crow
(Coruus brachyrhynchos hesperus),

common; Western Meadowlark (Stum-
ella magna neglecta), common; North
western Red-wing (‘Agelanis phoeni-
ceus caurinus), common; Brewer’s
Blackbird (Huphagus cyanocephalus),
common; Western Chipping Sparrow
(Spizella socialis arizoneae), common;
Western Lark Sparrow (Chondestes
grammacus straigatus), not com.mon;
Shufeldt’s Junco (Junco hyemalis con-
nectens), common; Sooty Song Spar-
row (Melospiza melodia rufina), com-
mon; Western Tanager (Piranga lud-
Oviciana), common; Calaveras Warb-
ler (Vermivora rubricapillas guttural-
is), common; Audubon’s Warbler
(Dendroica auduboni auduboni), com-
mon; Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus
calendula), common; Red-bellied Nut-
hatch (Sitta canadensis), common;
Mountain Chickadee (Penthestes gam-
beli gambeli), common; Olive-backed
Thrush (Hylocichla ustulata swain-
soni), common; Western Robin (Pla-
nesticus migratorius propinquus), com-
mon; Townsend’s Solitaire (Myadestes
townsendi), common.

June 11. Heavy rain all day and we
did not break camp until noon. Pass-
ing through Princeton again our way
lay up the Tulameen River. The road
was high above the river in many
places blasted out of the hillside; a
rock bluff on the inside and a steep
slope into the canyon on the outside.
The timber along the road is chiefly
yellow pine and the soil dry and
sandy.

Passing through a rock cutting a
solitaire (Myadestes townsendi) flew
across the front of the car; the air
from her wings fanning our faces.
Her nest was in a small crevice in
the rock on a level with our eyes as
we sat in the car. Examination showed
it to be loosely constructed of dry
grass, moss twigs and roots, lined with
dry grass. The four eggs proved to be
in an advanced stage of incubation,

114

Farther on a striped ground squirrel
((Tamias laeralis) ran along a hollow
log and was added to our collection.
He seemed rather out of place at such
a low altitude (3000 feet) and in a
yellow pine forest.

We had planned to camp at Otter
Lake but the rain beat down so vio-
lently that we carried on: Passing
' through some heavy timber at the
north end of Otter Lake we collected
an adult Horned Owl and a half grown
young one, still with quantities of
down on the lower parts.

We stopped at 2: p. m. in the nar-
row canyon between the Tulameen
and Nicola Valleys. The sides are
steep and an accumulation of tumbled
slide rock along the base of the cliffs
was the home of dozens of rock rab-
bits (Ochotona cuppes). In the tim-
ber at the top of the canyon we could
hear Clark’s Nutcracker (nucifraga
columbiana); the first heard for two
years. Rufous Hummers (Selasphor-
us rufus) were very plentiful here.

Another few miles and we entered
the lower Nicola, beautiful semi-open
country dotted with small clear lakes,
patches of cottonwoods and poplar,
and groves of magnificent yellow pine.
We camped in some pasture land, be-
side a small creek that lost itself in
a dense willow bottom. Beaver have
evidently been here for years, as the
little creek is dammed in dozens of
places and one loses ones way among
a network of channels. Some of the
dams are grown high with alders and
willows and have become permanent
features of the bottom. In the even-
ing we needed a big fire for warmth.
I called up a Sereech Owl, just ae
dusk.

June 12. Started into the hills about
noon, part of the way along an ancient
trail that led through a yellow pine
forest into an open rolling country
of small lakes, After four miles up-

THE OOLOGIST

hill on this rough cattle-track we
reached an abandoned homestead be-
side a gem of a mountain lake, with
heavily timbered shores. We left the
loaded car intending to return in the
evening and camp. A walk of seven
miles along a fairly good trail, through
a murray pine forest, brought us to
Missezula Lake. Birds were not
numerous, a few Hammond’s Fly-
catchers, Red-naped Sapsuckers, West-
ern Tanager, Calliope Hummingbird,
Townsend’s Solitaire and the ever in-
teresting Olive-sided Flycatcher, al-
ways on the topmost twig of a mur-
ray pine, were the only species seen.

Missezula Lake is a typical, willow-
fringed mountain lake, in the thick
timbers. It is seven miles long and a
half mile wide. There were no water-
birds and the shores of the lake and
the timber are infested with mosquitos.

As we passed through an open glade
in the murray pine, a large bear,
ambled out of the bushes, twenty
yards ahead and my partner shot him
before he reached the shelter of the
timber. It was necessary to light a
smudge before we could skin the ani-
mal in any degree of comfort. We
worked in a haze of smoke and mos-
quitos. fu

A pair of Rocky Mountain Hairy
Woodpeckers (Dryobates villosus
monticola had their nest in a poplar
close to where the bear fell. I could
hear the incessant, strident voices of
the young long before I located the nest
hole, which was eight feet above the
ground. The female was greatly ex-
cited, clinging to the tree close to the
hole, with head feathers erected and
scolding continuously.

When we reached the car again the
mosquitos were so hostile, that we
gave up the idea of camping and went
back to the camping ground of last
night.

June 13. In the early morning we

THE OOLOGIST

followed up the little creek, through
a narrow winding valley to a wide
beaver dam, and caught four dozen
small trout. They have not long
finished spawning and are thin and
poor. The balance of the days was
spent wading through the willow bot-
tom, with its innumerable sloughs and
beaver dams. A brood of half grown
Green-wing Teal (Nettion carolinese)
were seen flapping over the weedy
surface of a beaver dam and three
Barrows Golden-eye were flushed in
the same pond. These were non-
breeding females, the young of last
year. A specimen collected had
begun to moult and the brownish
black bill showed a few traces of the
chrome yellow of the adult female.

The willows were swarming with
birds; Yellow-throats (Geothlypis pes-
trichas arizela) are here in great
number, much more common than the
Yellow Warblers.

The following species were seen
close to the camp and were all com-
mon, with the exception of Pileated

Warblers, Sandhill Crane, Sora and
Western Red-tail.
Mallard, (Anas platyrhynchos) ;

Green-wing Teal, (Nettion carolinese) ;
Barrows Golden-eye, (Clangula island-
ica); Spotted Sandpiper, Actites macu-
larius); Sora, (Porzana carolina);
Sandhill Crane, (Grus mexicana);
Western Red-tail, (Buteo borealis
calurus); Desert Sparrow Hawk,
(Falco sparverius phalaena) ;
MacFarlanes Screech Owl, (Otus asio
macfarlanei); Rocky Mountain Hairy
Woodpecker, (Dryobates vellosa mont-
icola); Red-naped Sapsucker, (Spyrap-
hicus varius nuchalis); Red-shafted
Flicker, (Colaptes cafer collaris); Al-
den Flycatcher, (Empidonax trailli al-
norum); Olive-sided Flycatcher, (Nut-

tallornis borealis); Hammonds Fly-
catcher, (Empidonax hammondi);
Kingbird, (Tyrannus tyrannus); Belt-

116

ed Kingfisher, (Ceryle alcyon); Calli-
Hummingbird, (Stellula calliope) ;
Rafous Hummingbird, (Selasphorus
rufus); Brewers Blacgbird, (Ezphagas
cyanocephalus); Northwestern Red-
wing, (Agelains phoeniceus’ cauri-
nus); Western Meadowlark, (Sturnel-
la neglecta); Clarks Nutcracker, (Nu-
cifraga columbiana); Western Crow,
(Coruus brachyrynchos hesperis);
Western Vesper Sparrow, (Poorcetes
gramineus confinis); Sooty Song Spar-
row, (Melospiza melodia rufina); Tree
Swallow, (Iridoprocne bicolor);
Rough-winged Swallow, (Stelgidop-
teryx serrepennis); Barn Swallow,
(Herundo erythrogastra); Cliff Swal-.
low, (Petrochelidon lunifrons luni-
frons); Western Warbling Vireo,
(Vireosylva gilva swainsoni); West-
ern Tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) ;
Alaska Yellow Warbler, (Dendroica
aestiva rubiginosus); Pacific Yellow-
throat, (Geothlypis trechas arizela) ;
Pileolated Warbler, (Wilsonia pusilla
pileolata); Townsend Solitaire, (My-
adestes townsendi); Willow Thrush,
Hylocichla fuscesens salicicola) ;
Olive-backed Thrush, (Hylocichla us-
tulata swainsoni); Western Robin,
(Planesticus migratorius Propiquus) ;
Mountain Bluebird, (Sialia curru-
coides).

June 14. Our bear hide had dried
quickly in the hot sun and we were
able to leave this morning about ten
o’clock. We traveled about forty
miles to Nicola Lake and camped on
the Indian reserve at the mouth of
Quilchenan Creek. Nicola Lake is
about eighteen miles long and two
miles wide, the hills surrounding the
lake are bare for the most part, but
there is a thick forest of cottonwoods
along part of the shore. There is some
marsh at the south end. We stopped
at one place to watch a Holboells
Grebe, setting on her nest in plain
view from the road. She called loud-

|

116 THE OOLOGIST

ly at short intervals for ten minutes
and her mate swam slowly in to the
patch of rushes where the nest was
built. The female slipped off the nest
and swam out into the lake and the
male took her place on the eggs.

Few other birds were seen along
the shore except Mallards, Coots and
Loons. ;

Our camp is on the edge of the
muddy, swollen creek, a few rods
from an Indian’s house. He gave us
piles of beaver hay for bedding and
his ‘“klutech,” a “Cultus potlatch,”
(little present) in the shape of a dish
of stewed rhubarb.

Across the creek is a grove of lordly
cottonwoods and some cleared land.
Mosquitos settled on us in dense
clouds and we spent the evening in a
thick smudge; as is usual in the moun-
tains they all disappeared shortly af-
ter sundown when the air became
cooler.

Close over our heads in the green
center of an aspen, only half visible
in the waning light, a Catbird is sing-
ing profusely, a sustained ecstasy of
melody, greeting the new risen, honey-
colored moon. Hiyuh wah-wah, the
Indian calls him.

June 15. Six Barrows Golden-eye
were in the river close to the tent;
they were feeding in the still, dead
water, where the river had overflown
is banks. These were young of last
year and were not breeding. They

seemed to be responding to an abora-
tive mating instinct, that showed it-

self in excited chasing and playing, in
simulation of the courtship actions of
the adults in the spring. Several of
them kept flying into holes in the
dead cottonwoods, that, upon later in-
vestigation, proved to be empty. Three
stood on a partly submerged log and
cleaned their feather with their bills.
No adults of either sex were seen.

-A handsome drake American Mer-

ganser was fishing at the mouth of
the creek, the first slanting rays of
the sun burnishing his sleek green
head and salmon colored breast.

This lake is teeming with fish. The
Indians took us out in a punt and we
caught Steelheads, Suckers, Squaw-
fish whitefish and that curious little
degenerate salmon, the Kokanee. This
little fish is found in most of the lakes
of British Columbia and its life-hist-
ory is exactly that of the salmon, ex-
cept that it is spent entirely in fresh
water. At this time of year they are
bright silver; in the autumn when run-
ning up the creeks to spawn the sil-
ver scales have been shed and the
males are a rich salmon-red on the
side and back. The bait we were
given to use was in the nature of a
revelation—ants’ eggs and wild rose
petals, wrapped on the hook with
thread!

We left Nicola Lake at eleven a.m.
and reached Salmon River late in
the afternoon. A_ seventyfive . mile
run, the first half through an open
cattle country, of ruling bunch-grass
hills and deep narrow lakes—the
shores open and with no cover for
waterfowl. The latter part down hill,
through mile after mile of yellow pine.

We are camped in a clearing in the
forest just above the Salmon River.
Thick fir forest shuts us in on three
sides. The river, muddy and opaque,
from the spring freshet is between us
and an opening in the hills through
which we can see, a few cleared fields,
then more forest and far in the dis-
tance, bare bunch-grass hills.

There is the usual evening chorus
of Olive-backed and Willow Thrushes
but the forest is too thick to attract
many birds. This is twenty miles
from home and our last day.

THE OOLOGIST

Sparrow Hawk.
Florida Sparrow Hawk?

While in Florida last winter I had
occasion to,» pass the Palm Beach
County Court House many times. It
is a rather new building and I looked
it over carefully. In doing so I
naturally noted a pair of Sparrow
Hawks who seemed to literally haunt
it. I soon forgot the building and
watched the Hawks who were either
chasing each other or sitting on the
edge of the roof. Finally I saw the
reason for their remaining right in
the town. Some English Sparrows
were busy in the street, when down
pounced a Sparrow Hawk and got a
nice fat sparrow. The mate followed
closely and also got one. Then both
flew up on the roof of the Court House
to dine. I saw this repeated several
times, and usually each Hawk got a
sparrow until finally sparrows got to
be very rare in that neighborhood and
soon the hawks left, I suppose to nest
as well as to find food, but in two
weeks the sparrows were replaced by
others and if the Hawks ever returned
I did not see them.

F. M. Carryl,
Maplewood, N. J.
Florida Sparrow Hawks ?—editor.
= DRS on OS
Black Snake

Rambling in the woods on a sum-
mer day, my eye caught sight of a
Singular object, projecting in a loop,
from the side of a fifteen foot high,
dead, smooth elm snag, being what at
first I thought was an iron swing some
eight inches in diameter. Instead of
an iron swing the loop proved to be
so much the body of a large black
snake. In some way the snake had
managed to climb this bare pole, the
remains of a fallen tree and had en-
tered the hole where a pair of Yellow
Hummers were nesting. Its entire
body, except the loop being hidden in

a7

the cavity. Procuring a pole of suit-
able length, it was carefully inserted
in the loop, without disturbing the
nest robber, and with a vigorous out-
ward thrust of the same, an attempt
was made to bring the snake to the
ground. The attempt was a failure;
the rough, scaley body clinging close-
ly to the edges of the entrance of the
nest. But the occupant thus disturb-
ed, thrust forth his head, darted out
his tongue fiercely for a few times and
then disappeared in the cavity and
there remained. The pole was insert-
ed in the opening and his snakeship
was left a prisoner, for the purpose of
examination on a future visit. Ona
later visit, this had been moved by
some meddler and other observations
were frustrated. Query? How did this
serpent manage to reach his perch?
The pole of the stump, some fifteen
feet high was barkless, almost per-
pendicular and perfectly smooth. It
was entirely too large for the body of
the snake to reach around and ascend
by an encircling motion. This species
of reptile is know to be an expert
climber and bird nest robber, but it
does not seem clear as to just how it
accomplished the former, and a full
explanation of the operation would
not lack interest.
W. HH. Baker, M. D.,
Harvey, Ia.
The black snake is a great tree
climber and a notorious destroyer of
young birds and eggs.—Hditor.
ie eee Ue So
Cooper’s Hawk
On Easter Sunday I was out witha
view to locating Hawks or Owls nests
and about two miles out of this city
in a very lonesome part of the coun-

try I saw a Cooper’s Hawk. On look-
ing about for a while was at last de-
lighted to see a nest in a pine tree.
This tree was larger than any of the

ih

118

THE OOLOGIST

THE OOLOGIST 119 ¥

120 ‘THB OOLOGIST

others in the vicinity and in order to
reach the first limb a 35 foot scale
was necessary. I tried it but the body
of the tree was too large to get any
hold on. I then went back back to
Petersburg and the next day, Easter
Monday, went back with a supply of
spikes and ropes. -I tried the spikes
and then the ropes but both failed.
It looked like the nest was safe as
far as I was concerned but after go-
ing home and thinking the thing over
I decided to try a rope ladder. So I
got a plentiful supply of plow line
and sticks and in about an hour, with
the aid of my brother, I had complet-
ed a very credible rope ladder.

We decided to have another try the
next morning and so set out in a Ford
with daylight. On arriving at the
tree the bird left the nest and circled
high in the aid to see what was going
to happen. We threw a small cord
over the first limb and secured arope
to that. Then we pulled our ladder
up to the limb and fastened the rope
securely to another tree.

While my brother held the end of
the ladder I went up and I was sure-
ly glad to get my hands on the first
limb. The ladder gave about six
inches for every foot I went up so I
climbed about 50 feet to reach a 35
foot limb. There was only one egg
but I didn’t suppose the bird would
come back to the nest after seeing it
molested, so I took it.

This is the first Cooper Hawk to

be found in this section for sometime.

Irving C. Lunsford,
Petersburg, Virginia.

oe ASTOR on ae ens ee
A Days Outing In South West
Missouri

An account of a days. outing in the
Southwest Missouri. A word is neces-
sary first about the locality. Situat-
ed between the sources of the James
River and Flat Creek it is only an 18

mile drive to a very good camp site
on the Flat Creek. Early in the morn-
ing of May 15th I jumped in my car
and tore out for the creek. Being
down the head water of the creek,
the road is in an excellent bird path
and many rare birds have I seen
along it.. Of course I saw many birds
along the road, and I suppose I saw
almost a hundred Red-headed Wood-
peckers’ and Flickers’ nest holes.

When I arrived at the creek my
first sight of bird life was several
Phoebes under a bridge and a lot of
Rough-winged Swallows and a King-
fisher along a high bank. I did not
disturb them but went up on the
stream about three miles, fishing, then
put up my fishing tackle and began to
hunt birds. I did not have very good
luck finding many nests. My first
find was a Cardinal’s nest with one
bird and a pipped egg, built in the
overhanging roots about four feet
above the water. I located this nest
while searching for a Louisiana Water
Thrush or a Marsh Wren’s nest, both
of whom I had seen enter the same
roots from which I flushed the Cardi-
nal. I found Phoebe nests with three
to five eggs or young under nearly
every ledge, seeing about twenty nests
in the three miles. One ledge near
the creek is a bare table of rock ris-
ing out of the water, and is one of my
favorite fishing places, and in climb-
ing down the weather-beaten side of
the rock I found a nearly concealed
nest of Louisiana Waterthrush con-
taining one young bird and a fresh
Cowbird’s egg.

Along the creek are numerous fire-
killed sycamore tres which are veri-

table tenant houses for Woodpeckers,
Flickers, and I found one Sparrow
Hawk and one Schreech Owl inhabi-
tating holes in these trees but it is
almost impossible to climb them so I

THE. OOLOGIST 121

did not know if all were nesting or
not.

Coming back down on the bank I
found the Kingfisher to be just start-
ing his tunnel and the Swallow had
just begun to carry grass into theirs,
so I left them alone, although not good
for collecting it was an enjoyable day
of bird study.

The following is a list of birds I
saw that day, from 7 a. m. until dark:
194 Great Blue Heron
200 Little Blue Heron
263 Spotted Sandpiper
289 Bobwhite
316 Mourning Dove
325 Turkey Vulture
326 Black Vulture
331 Marsh Hawk
333 Cooper Hawk
337 Red-tailed Hawk
373 Screech Owl
387 Yellow Billed Cuckoo
390 Downy Woodpecker
405 Pileated Woodpecker
406 Red-headed Woodpecker
412 Flicker
420 Night Hawk
423 Chimney Swift
428 Ruby-throated Hummingbird
444 King Bird.

452 Crested Flycatcher
456 Phoebe

474 Blue Jay

488 Crows

495 Cowbird

498 Red-winged Blackbird
501. Meadowlark

508 Orchard Oriole

511 Bronzed Grackle

529 Goldfinch

552 Lark Sparrow

560 Chipping Sparrow
597 Blue Grosbeak

604 Dickcissel

613 Barn Swallow

622 Loggerheaded Shrike
636 Yellow Warbler

68- Md. Yellow Throat

684 Hooded Warbler

703 Mocking Birds

705 Brown Thrasher

727 White-breasted Nuthatch
735 Chickadee

555 White-throated Sparrow
563 Field Sparrow

593 Cardinal

598 Indigo Bunting

611 Purple Martin

617 Rough-winged Swallow
624 Red-eyed Vireo

676 La. Water Thrush

683 Yellow-breasted Chat
704 Catbird

719 Caroline Wren

725 Long-billed Marsh Wren
731 Tufted Titmouse

761 Robin

766 Blue Bird

I had no field glasses with me, and
this list was compiled by close obser-
vation.

Johnson Neff,
Marionville, Missouri.
pet se eR ea ES
An Illinois Turkey Buzzard.

On May the 28th of this year, a
young farmer came into my office
looking wild eyed, and stated that he
had that morning shot a big bird
which he believed was a buzzard and
laid himself liable to a fine, and he
wanted to know what he should do
about it. He had never seen one of
these great birds close up and he shot
it thinking it to be a big hawk.

Questioned about it, he said that
the crows had something treed over
in his woods and suspecting a big owl
or hawk, he had slipped up close and
when it flew out of the tree gava it a
shot on the wing, bringing it down
dead. Needing one of these big birds
to complete my collection of mounted
raptores, I asked him to bring it to
me, promising to protect him from
any fine. He phoned out to his son
and in about a half hour, the bird was

122 . THE OOLOGIST

before me. It was indeed a fine old
male Vulture and in fair condition,
though the stomach was. entirely
empty. It measured 36 inches from
tip to tip and 34 inches in length.
Though formerly quite common here,
I have not seen one for many years
and have been unsuccessful in getting
one from the South. It is almost a
sacrilege to kill one down there. How-
ever, I succeeded in getting a fine
black Vulture from Wirz of Augusta,
Ga. Forty years ago Buzzards were
very common here in Fulton County
but since the law now requires that
all dead stock must be buried or
burned, they have doubtless found
such hard picking that they have de-
serted the county for localities where
people are not so particular. The
writer has seen 40 to 50 at a time
perched along a fence where a dead
horse or cow was lying. Our time,
many years ago, when turkey hunting,
just at the dusk of evening and slip-
ping up little creek bottom, a half
dozen turkey were flushed from the
roost and went straight up the hollow.
Hearing some alighting in the trees
several hundred yards up, I followed,
and though it became night, I dis-
cerned a big bird sitting on an old
white oak that leaned far out in the
little creek. At the crack of the gun
the bird came tumbling to the ground,
and running up to secure my big tur-
key I was much disgusted to find in-
stead an old Buzzard lying on his
back in the water and heaving up
Jonah. But I was not to be deprived
of my turkey for hearing one light in
some oaks in a field a quarter of a
mile south I lined the direction and
cautiously approaching located him
by the bright moonlight in the very
top of a small sapling and he was my
meat, a fine goung gobbler.

The last Buzzard of which I have
knowledge before this one fell to my

lot, was secured by some miners, on
a Sunday at the little mining village
Dumfermline, in this county. Those
foreigners usually put in their Sun-
days hunting and everything that
wears feathers is game to them. On
this occasion they had secured “one
big bird,’ and had a feast. Next
morning they failed to report for work,
and the boss repaired to their shacks
to know the reason why. Their
spokesman informed him, “We no
work. Sick like helle. Hat too much
big chick.” He made investigation
and found they had the day before
killed an old buzzard and feasted with
the above results. The Buzzard is
about as unattractive, ungainly bird
as one would wish to see and yet in
their flight and great circles, one of
wonderful grace and beauty. In my
earlier collecting days I occasionally
found their nests in the big sycamore
stubs on Spoon River and once found
a nest in a big hollow log. The eggs
invariably two as big as a turkey and
very attractive with their chocolate,
brown, and white markings. No nest-
ing material was ever used and the
old bird would utter grunting sounds
followed by a hiss like a goose.
Dr. W. S. Strode,
Lewiston, IIl.
We have a number of sets of the
eggs of this bird taken by ourselves
at Lacon, Ill. They are now rare.
—HEditor.
————_——_~ o—_ :
Wisconsin Bird Notes.

June 2, 1918, 2:50 a. m. first notes
of American Bittern; 3:00, Purple
Martin; 3:10, American Robin and
Catbird; 3:15, Catbird and American
Robin; 4:30, Baltimore Oriole; 4:40,
Mourning Dove, Rail; 5:00, House
Wren, English Sparrow last but not
least.

Page 58,

column 2, Oologist for

April, 1919, does Mr. L. E. Healy

THE OOLOGIST

mean to say that the Kingfisher came
from the water with a fish in his
claws? Page 54, column 2, March,
1919, what kind of a bird is a Ruby
Crowned Knight?

Mr. Elmer Langevin, Crookstown,
Minn., page 156-7 Oologist for Decem-
ber, 1918, isn’t it quite. possible that
Mr. Farmer was mistaken in the kind
of hawk that was_ stealing his
chickens? Some farmers think it was
the “Blue Hawk” and one day when
a Marsh Hawk flew near the house
they were sure it was the kind that
took their chickens; whereas the hawk
to blame was a Coopers Hawk.

And isn’t it possible that a Cooper
Hawk might build a nest on the
ground, and that you yourself are
mistaken in the birds? They have
come mighty near nesting on the
ground here. I cannot agree with you
that his reputation is “bad, very bad.”
In Fisher’s Hawks and Owls, several
authorities are given on the food of
the Marsh Hawk ,and only Fishers
mentioned that it ever tasted poultry,
and that only occasionally and in the
table given are only three cases
it out of 124.

On a Welsh farm, found 12 cats,
some, however, kittens but at least 4
or 5 old ones and one kitten at least
being raised.

One Robin in a nest but though it
was their eight weeks, I saw no
young. One pair of Blue Jays built
and some Barn Swallows were there
one day or two before I left. A few
wild Sparrows, a pair of Spotted Sand-
pipers and a pair of Killdeer, Marsh
Black Birds, Rails and Bittern in a
near by camp and “Crows” bigger and
more plentiful than last year. A pair
of Red-tails and one of Marsh Hawks
was the extent of the birds except an
abundance of English Sparrows. Itis
useless to tell a woman who is raising
chickens that crows are useful. It is

123

surprising the number of wild birds
and eggs that are destroyed and never
come to anything, especially in fields
being cultivated and in marshes and
pastures.

Geo. W. H. Vos Burgh,

Columbus, Wis.
ie Ned SEU ak A

lowa Notes.

Last July while driving from my
home to town I noticed a Night Hawk
Sitting near one side of the road on
the pavement. I drove quite close to
it before it flew away.

The next day as I drove to town
there was the Night Hawk sitting in
about the same place and off and on
for about two weeks that Night
Hawk could be found in about the
same place quietly sitting and seem-
ingly unafraid.

One day I thought I would see how
close I could drive to it and if I had
not turned the car quickly I could
have driven over it as it refused to
fly. As this is the Maine Stret pav-
ing that is close, and there is a heavy
traffic, I have an idea it was finally
killed by some car as it suddenly dis-
appeared. I was always watching for
the Hight Hawk and there he sat
comical and serene as could be.

One day I stopped and put my hand
on the pavement as it was a very hot
day and I found it almost as hot as a
stove. I wondered how he could stand
it but it did. not seem to trouble him
in the least. This pavement is made
of asphalt and crushed rock and in
fact was so near the color of the Night
Hawk that one had to look closely
to see the bird. I don’t imagine any
one else gave’it a thought, but we
bird men are quick to notice any
queer action of our feathered bird
friends.

House Wrens.

I have three Wren houses this year

and secured two pairs of Wrens.

124 THE OOLOGIST

Nothing unusual about this, but one
of the males has a quite long tail for
a wren. He certainly looks odd. Per-
haps he got crossed with a pea fowl.
That is about the way newspaper
ornithology would explain it.

Snowy Owl.
(Nyctea Nyctea)

One was taken here last November
and is now in my collection. It is
almost pure white. It is very beauti-
ful and I have never seen “ne so free
from any dark markings as this one.

Iowa is a northern state but the ap-
pearance of the Snowy Owl here is
not at all common and in fact it is
the very first one ever brought in to
me. I have followed Taxidermy since
a boy and I am the only bird man in
this locality. I always receive and
hear of the unusuals that are seen or
taken. Our winter was very mild and
for that reason would hardly think
the Snowy Owl would have drifted in-
to Iowa.

Cardinals.
(Cardinalis cardinalis.)

Last fall I saw my first Cardinal in
our county, which is Delaware county.
I have heard of Cardinals in counties
south of us, but never have I heard
of or seen one in this county before,
and I have been in the woods and the
fields for more than thirty-five years.

The first one I observed was a male,

and it was very rich in color and so
much more beautiful than any I had
seen in the Southern states. A pair
wintered a few blocks from my home,
and were a source of much interest
to some of our town people, and were
fed by them and they became quite
tame. I sincerely hope the Cardinal
will become one of our permanent resi-
dents.
O. M. Greenwood,
Manchester, Ia.

Birds Seen At Oberlin, Ohio—From
February to June, 1919.
Helen M. Rice.
Winter Residents:
Brown Creeper
Tree Sparrow
Golden-crowned Kinglet
Slate-colored Junco
Purple Finch
Winter Wren
Red-breasted Nuthatch
White-breasted Nuthatch

Northern Shrike
Cardinal

Bob-white

Chickadee

Goldfinch

Marsh Hawk

Sparrow Hawk
Red-shouldered Hawk
Blue Jay

Screech Owl

Tufted Titmouse

Downy Woodpecker

Hairy Woodpecker

Date of Arrival of Migrant and Nest-
ing Birds:

Crow—Feb. 7 .

~Meadowlark—Feb. 7

Northern Flicker—Feb. 7
Song Sparrow, Feb. 10
Robin—Feb. 10

Pr. Horned Lark—Feb. 23
Bluebird—Feb. 24
Bronzed Grackle—Feb. 28
Red-tailed Hawk—Mar. 2
Mourning Dove—Mar. 3
Killdeer—Mar. 4

Red-winged Blackhead—Mar. 10
Towhee—Mar. 13
Cowbird—Mar. 16

Red-bellied Woodpecker—Mar. 16
Rusty Blackbird—Mar. 20
Lesser Scaup Duck—Mar. 17
Bufflehead—Mar. 17

Cedar Waxwing—Mar. 26
Phoebe—Mar. -26

Vesper Sparrow—Mar. 29

Fox Sparrow—Apr. 2

Belted Kingfisher—Apr. 3
Great Blue Heron—Apr. 3

Field Sparrow—Apr. 5

Hermit Thrush—Apr. 6
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker—Apr. 7
Purple Martin—Apr. 7

Turkey Vulture—Apr. 7
Wilson’s Snipe—Apr. 7
Chipping Sparrow—Apr. 7
Swamp Sparrow—Apr. 7

THH OOLOGIST 125

Greater Scaup Duck—Apr. 6
Woodcock—Apr. 8

Brown Thrasher—Apr. 10
Mallard—Apr. 12

Coot—Apr. 12

Pigeon Hawk—Apr. 13

Bank Swallow—Apr. 17
Sharp-shinned Hawk—Apr. 19
Broad-winged Hawk—Apr. 19
Myrtle Warbler—Apr. 18
Black and White Warbler—Apr. 20
Rough-winged Swallow—Apr. 21
House Wren—Apr. 21
Bobolink—Apr. 23

Warbling Vireo—Apr. 26
Pied-billed Grebe

Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher

Yellow Wrabler—Apr. 30
Grasshopper Sparrow—Apr. 30
Wood Thrush—May 2

Gt. Yellow-legs—May 3

Green Heron—May 3
Oven-bird—May 3

Catbird—May 3

Kingbird—May 3

Red-headed Woodpecker—May 3
Baltimore Oriole—May 3

Palm Warbler—May 3
Maryland Yellow-throat—May 3
Crested Flycatcher—May 3
Scarlet Tanager—May 3

Water Thrush—May 3
Redstart—May 3

Cerulean Warbler—May 3
Whip-poor-will—May 3

Indigo Bunting—May 3
Magnolia Warbler—May 3
Blackburnian Warbler—May 3
Canada Warbler—May 4
Olive-backed Thrush—May 4
Black-throated Green Warbler—May 4
Red-eyed Vireo—May 4
Nashville Warbler—May 4
Veery—May 4

White-crowned Sparrow—May 4
Crestnut-sided Warbler—May 4
Blue-headed Vireo—May 5
Blue-winged Warbler—May 5
Rose-breasted Grosbeak—May 5
Yellow-throated Vireo—May 5
Black-throated Blue Warbler—May 5
Wood Pewee—May 5

Cooper’s Hawk—May 5

Conn. Warbler—May 6
Nighthawk—May 6
Yellow-breasted Chat—May 6
Golden-winged Warbler—May 6
Hooded Warbler—May 6
Yellow-billed Cuckoo—May 7
Common Tern—May 7

Least Flycatcher—May 7

Bay-breasted Warbler—May 7
Prairie Warbler—May 7
Black Tern—May 11
Bittern—May 11
Long-billed Marsh Wren—May 12
Sora—May 12
Florida Gallinule—May 12
Orchard Oriole—May 14
Gray-cheeked Thrush—May 14
Pipit—May 6
Cliff Swallow—May 17
Solitary Sandpiper—Hay 18
Acadian Flycatcher—May 18
Black-billed Cuckoo—May 18
Wilson’s Warbler—May 18
Alder Flycatcher—May 18
Semi-polmated Sandpiper—May 18
Northern Parula Warbler—May 21
Tenn. Warbler—May 21
Ruby-throated Hummingbird—May 21
Black-poll Warbler—May 21
Cape May Warbler—May 21
White-eyed Vireo—May 22
Philadelphia Vireo—May 22
Kink Rail—May 26
Least Bittern—May 26

ee

D. |. Shepardson

Mr. D. I. Shepardson of Los Angeles,
California, died of the “Flu” at his
home January 2nd, 1919 and we have
just received word of this fact.

In the death of Mr. Shepardson,
the Oologist loses a staunch support-
er and its Editor a highly valued per-
sonal friend. During our many visits
to the state of California we have fre-
quently met Mr. Shepardson and no-
body in that Golden State has treated
us with more courtesy. Numbers of
days spent with Mr. Shepardson in

the field in that locality will remain

always a cherished memory. We
found him an enthusiastic, capable,
energetic and thoroughly reliable

field man, as well as a splendid as-
sociate and an entertaining conver-
sationalist and a widely read young
man whose death we have no doubt
will be sincerely mourned by a large
circle oi friends. We well recollect
the kindness extended by Mr. Shep-
ardson to the Editor while lying in a
hospital at Los Angeles. It is truly

sad to have to record his demise.
——Hditor.

126 THE OOLOGIST

Adolf B. Covert.

It may be interesting to some of the
older ornithologists to know that
Adolph B. Covert dropped dead from
heart failure in the old Franklin
House in Detroit, Michigan, January
19th, 1919, aged 65 years.

Mr. Covert was connected with the
Ann Arbor Museum for eight years
and while there published a list of
birds of Washetenaw County, and
after leaving Ann Arbor he was con-
nected with various other museums,
among some of which were Chicago
and Springfield, Ill., Pittsburgh, Pa.,
and Philadelphia and he assisted John
Lewis Childs in arranging his collec-
tion. He was probably one of the
best posted men in ornithology in the
state of Michigan, having made birds
a study all his life. He was at one
time president of the Michigan Orni-
thological Club, and I think he was
a member of the Nuttae Club, the Bul-
letin of which was followed by the
“Auk.” He held a position as time
keeper at the Michigan Steele Cast-
ings Company at Detroit at the time

of his death. His remains were
brought to Plymouth, Mich., and
buried in Riverside Cemetery. The

last work he ever done in Taxidermy

was to mount three wild Canada Geese

for me, for my little museum. It is

impossible for me to do him full jus-

tice for I have not a full history of his

life. But it may be said of him, “He

has fought a good fight. He has

finished his course.” Peace be to his
ashes.

J. 5. Purdy,
Plymouth, Mich.
Pa Cakes REN es Aig | eS SO
Books Received

“The Oologists’ Exchange & Mart”

Number 1, June 1, 1919 isue of this

publication by Kenneth L. Skinner,

Brooklands Estate Office, Waybridge,

England, is here, a four page publi-

cation of about the size of the Oolo-
gist. The issue, of course, being large-
ly devoted to preliminary matters
with relation to the dates and times
of publication and price ($1.00 per
annum.) The mechanical make-up is
good. <A list of subscribers (40 in
number), together with their post
office address is appended. The pur-
pose of this publication as announced
in its “Foreword” is well expressed in
its title. It is to bring into communica-
tion the collectors of Oological speci-
mens in all parts of the world, as
The Oologist does those engaged in
North American Oology; and it is an-
nounced “a collector wishing to be-
come a subscriber must be proposed
and seconded by existing subscriber
and must, if required, give to the
Editor satisfactory references as to
his standing.”

A list of subscribers contains names
from Australia, Canada, England,
Scotland, United States, France, Trin-
idad, Ireland and India.

The much discussed question of
“data” is given a page of space in
this first issue. There is perhaps no
other question relating to Oological
records that has been so much dis-
cussed and concerning which so little
progress has been made. Brother
Skinner suggests that datas be made
on standard index cards 5 x 3 inches,
which is but one of hundreds of sug-
gestions that have been made in years
gone by relative to the adoption of a
standard data blank. We hope pro-
gress will be made along this line.

Not the least interesting portion of
this publication is a suplement con-
sisting of a “private and confidential”
list of advertisers issued privately to
subscribers only and which we believe
will prove of much value if it is kept
up in the form in which the first issue
comes out.—Hditor.

Nests on Dr. W. L. Abbott’s Second

THE OOLOGIST 127

Collection of Birds of Synalure Island,
Western Sumatra by Harry C. Ober-
holser—Separate proceedings of the
United States National Museum, Vol.
55 pages 473-98-1919. This paper, as
it’s title indicates, is a truly technical
treatment of the birds included there-
in and is handled with the usual thor-
oughness of Dr. Oberholser.—HEditor.

“Birds of My Boyhood,’ by Howard
Jones, Circleville, Ohio, 1915. This
paper was read by the author before
the Wilson Ornithological Society in
1915. It is a very well prepared
resume of the birds observed by Dr.
Jones in his boyhood and contains
much valuable information with refer-
ence to the founa of that territory
from 1850 to 1880. Appended to the
publication is a list of birds observed
from 1906 to 1916 in Pickoway Coun-
ty, Ohio, by the author. It is too bad
that more ornithologists and oologists
do not give us the benefit of their ob-
servations made in early life.

—Hditor.
2 ee see
The Plumbeous Chickadee.

I was out croppie fishing March
10th,, The croppies bit very well un-
til after sun up, then they slowed
down, so I went to watching the birds.
I sat in my boat and observed many
Woodpeckers, Crested Flycatchers,
Tufted Titmouse, Plumbeous Chicka-
dees and Kingfishers. The sun was
very bright and the old dead timber
out in the lake was alive with birds.
So I kept my eyes open for birds
carrying nesting material. Not many
minutes passed, when I spied 4
Plumbeous Chickadee in a dead tree,
collecting moss. She flew to a dead
tree near the bank of the lake. There
were three Woodpecker holes in the
tree and she went into the middle
hole. I took out my book and made
a note of it. I knew by her carrying
moss, the nest was just started. As

moss is the first material used in mak-
ing a foundation for the nest. A few
minutes later she passed again with
moss. I gave her four days in which
to complete the nest, and the nest was
completed on the fourteenth day of
March. I lined them up for a full set
and on the twenty-third, late in the
evening, after my boat and minnow
trade had ceased, I took my motor
boat and hit the trail to pay the chick-
adees a visit. Arriving at the tree,
and with the kind and careful assist-
ance of Jake Zeitlin, an enthusiastic
ornithologist, we collected the set.

I tied the boat to a tree and got out
on deck, then climbed to the hole and
looked out. Out came Mrs. Chickadee
and hollered for help and her old
man was soon on the job, cussing me
for everything he could think of. I
came down to the lower limb and Mr.
Zeitlin: handed me a saw. I sawed a
part of the top limb off, then I re
moved the side near the hole. There
were eight fresh eggs as expected.
After passing them :down to Mr. Zeit-
lin I proceeded to saw the nesting
cavity from the‘tree. After collect-
ing the nest, eggs, and the part of the
tree that the nest was in we made a
careful and accurate data as follows:
“A. O. U. 736 a Plumbeous Chickadee,
collected’ by Ramon Graham, assisted
by Jake Zeitlin. Located twenty feet
from the banks of Lake Worth, in a
dead tree twenty feet from the banks
of Lake Worth, in a dead tree twelve
feet up from the water. The water
here is a creek channel and is thirty
feet deep. The tree near east bank
one and one half miles north east of
Nine Mile bridge and bathing beach,
in a motor boat when collected, near
Fish point of Sansons Ranch, March
28, 1919, set mark 20-8 incubation
fresh, eight eggs in set. Identity sure.
Some of the same birds were identified
by the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture sev-

128 THE OOLOGIST

eral years ago when H. H. Moffat and
Ramon Graham collected and sent
them to Washington. The nest was
composed of rock and tree moss, fine
dead grasses, few feathers, several
bunches of cotton and plenty Cotton
tail Rabbit hair. The nesting cavity
was as follows and was taken down in
three parts; nest eight inches below
the entrance, nest in a Red Bellied
Woodpecker’s hole; entrance 2%
inches in diameter. A fork was eight
inches above the hole; right inside the
hole was much larger and resembled
an egg, pole tree inches inside the
diameter. The tree was Spanish oak,
dead and very shaky and probably
would not have stood another storm,
nesting cavity and eggs collected at
6 p. m.”

Ramon Graham,

Ft. Worth, Texas.

The Power of the Bald Eagle.

Our national bird, the Bald Eagle,
wild in its native haunts, is so large,
so majestic and flies with an evidence
of so enormous strength that one is im-
pressed with the thought that here is
the king of birds. On one occasion,
while eating my lunch in the shade of
a little bush on a southern prairie, I
Saw one carry off a lamb, writes T.
Gilbert Pearson of the Audubon So-
ciety. The noise of some running
sheep not far away caused me to look
up just as the Eagle rose from the
ground with its prey. It did not once
pause and flutter it wings, as birds of
prey sometimes do, in order to get a
better hold of its burden, for it seemed
to have seized the lamb securely when
it first made its downward plunge.
The bird flew with truly surprising
swiftness and bore the weight of its
“kill” without apparent’ effort. I
watched it for half a mile or more un-
til it disappeared in the forest, and

not once did it show any indication
of weariness.

Years later I read an account writ-
ten by a bird student who watched an
eagle alight on the beach after having
carried a lamb weighing more than
the bird itself for a distance of five
miles across a body of water. It is
hard to believe that a bird may be

strong enough to accomplish such a
task as that.

Bald Eagles catch many of the lar-
ger water birds, especially wounded
ducks. On the lakes and sounds
Where much hunting is carried on in
winter many ‘hundreds of crippled
wild fowl are left behind when the
flocks migrate north in spring. They
fall an easy prey to the eagles that
usually frequent such regions.

Once I saw one capture a broken-
winged coot in Currituck Sound, North
Carolina. At the approach of its big
enemy the coot dived, but soon had
to come up to breath, when the Hagle
instantly swooped. Again and again
the helpless bird dived and swam un-
der water, but the Hagle was ever on
the watch, and in the end they went
away through the air together.

It is erroneous, however, to regard
the Bald Hagle as a bald-headed bird,
for its crown is well covered. When
three years old it passes through a
moulting period, which results in the
bird’s acquiring a white head, neck
and tail. Many bald eagles are ob-
served every year that do not possess
these feathers; such birds, of course,
are still in their youthful plumage.
San Francisco Sunday Chronicle-——W.
A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST V

MISCELLANDOUS.

FOR SALH—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1
Thorburn’s British Birds.

ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

EXCHANGE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
foreign specimens. Have
Squirrel skins to offer.
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

WANTED—Bird skins—must be per-
fect; also small mammal skins. Good
photographs of birds, birds eggs and
nests and mammals in their nature
situ. and haunts to be used in publica-
tion and with privilege to publish
those you send. Can offer cash or good
exchange. J. W. DANIEL Jr., Western
State. Hospital, Staunton, Va.

SALE or TRADE—Pair of field

I want copy of Holland ‘Moth
or some other good book on
moths. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0u
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 19
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S.

R, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for esge or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
ae with active Oologist in New York
ity, Westchester Co., or nearby with mead
ease

to eats next - Se ae
OND F R, White Blain.

write. RAY
N. Y., R. F. D. No. 1.

FOR EXCHANGE—Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea chat tat he
Actiasselene. Caligula eng (Selene 1 aut
Hybrid) frees ma iP natives. Want A

set of 288, 364 OTTER, East Killingly.
Conn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ee
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,

the entire U. S.

Who has skins or mounted fox eae
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

I want to get into touch with young -
collector in the Ozart region for the
coming summer’s collecting. JOHNSON
NEFF, Marionsville, Mo.

FOR EXCHANGH—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books .on OOLOGY. EARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Haton. Please state ee
H. MOUSEEY, Hatley, Quebec. -i1t

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

STUFFED HORNED TOADS—First
class work. Large specimens filled
with a preparation that preserves the
skins and makes toads hold shape.
Mounted on cactus $2.50 each. Un-
mounted $1.50 each. GULF CURIO CO.,
Box 726-T, Houston, Texas.

FOR SALE
Quadropedes of North America, Au-

Cilbons. Viol MEANS A Gis sce o ots lo wie $ 2.00
Ridgway’s Manuel North Am.

GISELE OG aici torte cn borhciace ec. 4.00
Birds of Kansas, Goss, 1886...... 1.50
English Sparrow in N. Am., Bar-

LOWS MLS SOL eet Ee eae orcas iets 1.50

Ridgway’s Birds of N. and M. Am.

Wiss gM EON TING piecok tera coacs oheiaces 25.00
Auks, Vol. 6 to 33 inclusive, 28

Vols., paper covers uncut. 50.00
ae and Stream, Vols. 1 to 12 eee
Ibis, “1874 EO ES SiS OU TGL ke eee ee iete 90.00
And many vols. of Wilson Bull; Oolo-

gist, Bird Lore, O. and O. and other
Ornithological magazines and Govern-
ment publications.
HAROLD H. BAILEY,

JBYOp:¢ ae Newport News, Va.

WANTED—One perfect skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
Will pay cash. K. B. MATHHS, Batavia,
INCRE

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

Vi THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR THE
A Magazine of Western 6&6 rs ° 499
| Ornithology B l ue B ir d

Is now published monthly, the
Published Bi-monthly by the year ’round, with new and inter-

Cooper Ornithological Club of California esting departments, features “and
contents, and

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry 8. Swarth At No Additional Cost to

“The QOondor’’ is strictly scientific :
but edited in such a way that a be- . Subscribers
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study’’ caneasily un- Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird

derstand it. Lovers’ Association.

The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists

by the highest quality of halt tones. AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE
tne Vatted fod Bates and 61.78 in « a ‘Porte Coan 66 99
Biveletenr BOe. THE BLUE-BIRD,
pe haar: °
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, 1010 Euclid Ave.

Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal. ; CLEVELAND, OHIO

_ Se — = ee a me ew a pre SS

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
> Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - - Assistant Curator

SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY —

THE OOLOGIST.

BIRDS—NESTS--EGGS
TA XIDBRMY

4

VoL. XXXVJ. No. 8. AEBVON, NX, AWG. v, 1919, WHOLE No. 386

View of Penquin and Cormorant Breeding Grounds on
Colonial Islands, Cape Colony, Africa

“SME a a eee

Sp EE Ns EE

{i THE OOLOGIST

BRIBF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, For Sale, Etc., inserted in this deparimert at 25 cents
for each 25 words for one issue; each additional word 1 cent. No notiee in-

serted for less than 25 cents.

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal
in the same. These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide
exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

in answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,” and

thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

e

BIRDS

| Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, Il.

FOR EXCHANGE —A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. R. M.

BARNES, Lacon, Tl.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef

matter. For them I will pay a good
price. © R M. Barnes, Lacon, Til.

EXCHANGE—Fine sets of eggs “and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JEWHTT, Pendle-

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested tn all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. EHED-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G. B.. REGAR,
1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

: “WANTED—One or more sets of oe O.
W. 636. Can offer good sets of 325, 343
or 864 in exchange or cash. ee P
SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
nests. Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.
DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.

The following first class skins offer-
ed: 132, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 1538,

379a, 393a, 394b, 401la, 402a, 413, 433,
468, 478c, 478d, 488b, 498f, 508, 510, 518,
524a, 529a, 540a, 554a, 567f, 581f, 588a,
607, 618, 652b, and other western Sspe-
cies. J. A. MUNRO, Okanagan Land-
ing; B.C.

“>

In sending i: your exehange mottos
for pests, sKins and eggs, we would
precinte it if you would arrange t
numerals in your exehunge hotieo
(heif numerieal order, and not tum:
them: together hit and misa, as some oF
our readers are complainiag, aad we
think justly so.

WANTED—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, [1].

EXCHANGE NOTICE -—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. 3 CAR
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be giee to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RiCHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

TO EXCHANGE—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with
some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-

FOR EXCHANGE—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
105.2 1-1, 107 1- 1, 108.1. U0 5 Paros

N-5; 741 N-6; 743 N-7; 748a N-7,
Ifalek BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock, Ta-
coma, Wash.

PERSONALLY COLLECTED SETS of
T=132.° 260, 273, 805, daly Ola umune min erE=
ested send list. DR. ELMER LANGE-
VIN, Crookston, Minn.

FOR DISPOSAL—A large and exten-
sive collection of Birds’ Eggs from
Europe and America. Send 3c stamp
for complete list. DR. CLECKLEY’S
MUSEUM, Augusta, Ga.

WANTED—An entire collection of
North American Birds Eggs in sets with
full data. Send full list to W. A.
STRONG, 41 Grand Ave., San Jose, Cal.

FOR EXCHANGE—AI1 personally col-
lected sets of Mississippi Kite, Swain-
son’s Hawk, White-necked Raven, 5-6,
3-7, Black-crested Titmouse 1-6, and
many others. Want your complete
lists of duplicates. HE. F. POPH, Box
301, Albuquerque, N. Mex.

ee

7
7 ¢
iO
/

x4.

THE OOLOGIST, —

Von. XXXVI No. 8 ALBION, N. Y., Ava. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 885

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAK :

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December. issue 1918. Other aoa can be computed by intermediate
“numbers at the rate of one number per month.

IKintered «as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post offiee al
Albion, N. Y., under the'Act of Congress of ‘March 3, 1879.

3a)

\

:

NOTICE

With the mailing of this issue of THE OOLOGIST, Ye
Editor leaves for Nebraska, to be gone about a month. So if
you do not receive a reply to any communication addressed
to him until his return, about September first, don’t worry. It
will receive attention about then.—Hditor.

AONE
we

A

{
:

cee

A SCIENTIFIC RECORD

With this issue THE OOLOGIST makes another ‘Scoop”
as the daily press would call it. The eggs and nest of the
Blue Goose (Chen caerulescens) are unknown to science.
With this issue we present our readers with the first photos
of the nesting of this rare species, including a description of
the eggs and a view of the old birds in the nest. Certainly
our readers are to be congratulated on being the first to re-
ceive this scientific information.—R. M. Barnes.

A

pa

:

Ne

:

A INANE

:
;

as ee 30 e ee ee o e ee es

WSGASA

E
i
i
re
F
i
:
E

gonian Ingen \
AS tity

OP) .
4 \

SFP 4 - jqQ1¢

fod ; \"
an “ona Mi users

130 THE OOLOGIST

A First Record of the Nesting of the
Blue Goose in Confinement

The Blue Goose, Chen Caerulescens,
was first described by Linnaeus in his
system of Nature in 1758 from a speci-
man from Hudson Bay. The bird was
first supposed to be an immature Snow
Goose in process of moult, which it
was assumed began at the head and
proceeded backward down the neck
and spread gradually over the body of
the bird, slowly replacing the slaty
blue feathers with those of snowy
white except the wing primaries which
the learned bird doctors thought came
in black, thus completing the new and
proper plumage of a true adult chen
h. nivalis or Greater Snow. Goose.
Thus was the Blue Goose of Linnaeus
relegated to innocus disuated and it re-
mained an unknown or unrecognized
scientific species for many years.

Later a greater scientist that even
the great Linnaeus, the American In-
dian resurrected the long lost species
as a scientific reality, by pointing out
to the residents of the Hudson Bay
post that in the fall when the migra-
tion of the goose came, the white
wavy, as the Lesser Snow Goose was
called then, always came from the
North and Northwest and down the
west coast of Hudson Bay; while the
Blue Goose “him never come with the
Wavy, him always come over the big
water from northeast.” This obvious
observation being noised about some
of the wiseacres of the birds com-
menced further investigation, and true
enough it was then learned that the
vast hoards of Wavy’s that came
down the west coast of the Bay in the
fall never had a blue white headed
bird with them and that no Snow
Goose or Wavy ever came with the
great troops of blue white headed

_ birds from the North East “across the

big water.” Further investigation
proved the very obvious fact to those

acquainted with the two birds in life
that Linnaeus was right in according
to the Blue Goose, the rank of a full
species, and so we have in the A. O. U.
1910 list No. 169.1 Blue Goose, with
its range given as ‘“‘Hastern North
America and Breeding range _ un-
known, but probably in the interior of
Northern Ungova,”’ though the 1886
list states that “it breeds on eastern
Shores of Hudson Bay.”

The truth is that about as little is
known of the habits of this splendid
bird as about any of the American
Geese, though its summer home is sup-
posed to be not so very far from the
most thickly settled eastern part of
our country, and the homes of most
of our big bird doctors. Its winter
home is known to be the coast of the
Gulf of Mexico, near the mouth of the
Mississippi.

It has been the privilege of the
writer to have had on my home place
at Lacon, Ill., during the past six or
seven years about a dozen specimens
of this interesting bird, a pair of which
are now in the Bronx Gardens at New
York City. All of these birds were
wild birds mostly trapped though one
was a very slightly winged tipped
bird, specimen that lit in the poultry
pen of a miner near Lacon, and
another one of these wild birds that
lit in our grounds during spring mi-
gration and staid while the other two
went on.

Careful and constant study of these
birds discloses much that is of inter-
est. First of all they are, the writer
thinks as docile and easily domesti-
cated as any of the geese, and have a
far better disposition than most of
them. We have had them as tame as
Banta chickens, hanging about the
doors, calling to those in the house
for food, and eating it from the hand
when it came. Yet the Blue Goose
when its nest is approached is a vali-

131

THE OOLOGIST

eueyT BIUISITA AQ 0J0Yq—

799} OOL ‘PouRIsIG “6L6L ‘Z Aine ‘owoy
S$,Jo}Ipy ‘puenb uo sje

"jsou uo d]eWwd}

‘9Ss005 onjq JO SON

182 THE OOLOGIST

ant fighter and cleans up all species
which we have in a scrape even the
big Canada, and the Nile Goose from
Africa, known to bird fanciers as a
“killer” because of his ability and dis-
position to fight.. The Blue Goose is
likewise quite prone to cross in mat-
ing almost always with the Lesser
Snow Goose so far as our observations
go. This may account for the many
specimens in a wild state which are
partially Albino usually on the under
parts, which in the adult Blue Goose
are of a deeper blueish than the upper
parts. The plateNo. — shows a Blue
Goose and his Lesser Snow Goose
mate at heir nest on our grounds
June 9, 1919. The distance is 12 feet
from the camera. This pair of birds
nested in the same identical spot in
1917 and 1918 and all the clutches of
eggs 1917, 1918 and 1919 contained
five eggs. The 1917 was their first
nest.. It was in the blue grass in the
fence corner a small native Cedar
tree which has since died. The nest
is about 30 feet from the foot of the
five foot terrace thrown up to make

the lake shown in the background and

is four feet below the water surface.
In 1919 these birds hatched and raised
ene bird, “Tommy” we call him and of
whom more will sometime probably
be published. “Tommy” is a true
hybrid. His plumage is that of a snow
Goose but he is undersized and more
stumpy or squat of figure than the
trim Snow Goose showing the result
of his half sturdy strong blue blood.
This nest was always a mere shal-
low place scratched in the blue grass
sod with a very little lining of dead
grass and a rim of the same about the
outer edge, which as incubation pro-
gressed in each instance was inter-
woven with much white down pulled
from the sitting bird by herself. The
Blue Gander never during incubation
went more than a few feet from the

nest for a very long time. He was al-
ways there ready, willing and able to
defend his mate from all cameras.
Remembering there are 77 wild geese .
of seventeen different varieties in the
enclosure, coming from all parts of
the world, you may believe he has had
many a battle.

The eggs laid by this pair of birds
were aS we would expect, typical of
the Lesser Snow Goose, and were al-
ways laid the last few days of May or
the first few days of June of each year.

It remained for the year of 1919 to
crown our effort to breed a pair of the
Blue Geese in confinment. The nest,
eggs and home life of this bird are
wholly unknown to science. So it is
with a feeling of pride that we use
“The Oologist” as the medium of first
communicating these facts to’ the
world. We have among our birds a
pair of this species that have been
mated several—two or three years.
Last year they bred for the first time
but laid no eggs. This year 1919 a
pair of our Canada Geese made a nest
in a depression on the highest point
in the five acre lot where we keep all
these birds. It was 150 feet south of
the lake and about 60 feet north of
the main traveled highway leading in-
to Lacon, over which thousands of

_autos pass annually. It was located

so as to be hidden in the grass of this
depression observers yet when the
gander stood on guard, as he always
did, he had a full view of all the terri-
tory eastward for a mile or more in
other directions for lesser distances.
It likewise overlooked the lake and
our grounds to the north, also the
above road to the south and was so
located as to be protected from the
rays of an electric street light by the
shade of a tree near the lamp, and a
hundred feet from the nest.

The Canada Goose laid five eggs
during the last week in April. None

THE OOLOGIST 138

of them hatched, and the third week
in June this pair of Blue Geese took
possession of the nest, after a battle
extending over several days. Someof
the Canada Goose’ eggs were still in
the nest, addled of course.

The Blue Goose laid four eggs and
I removed the old Canada Goose eggs
one at a time. Soon the Blue Goose
was sitting, with her mate ever on
guard close beside her. She pulled
old grass up to the nest and mixed it
with her down from her breast until
there was a large roll about the rim.
Into this she would sink up to the
level of her back when sitting. The
old bird was a very close sitter and
permitted as near an approach as her
mate would allow, which was as close
as ten feet at times. Whenever she
left the nest for feed or drink, which
was seldom, she carefully covered
them over so as to entirely conceal
them, and the gander always accom-
panied her on these trips. One by one
the eggs disappeared until but one was
left. Whether they were taken or
destroyed by man or beast I never
knew. The last egg I took from the
nest on July 20, 1919. It was much
addled and cracked open when I at-
tempted to blow it. I mended the
broken cracked part, and now have it
among my collection, the only au-
thentic egg of the Blue Goose known
to science. It is now after being sat
upon for a month, of a creamy white
color. Originally it was shinny white,
and is very closed grained, and of a
finer shell texture than any eggs of
the Geese of America so far as known.
It measures 3.09 x 2.00 inches.

Other notes and illustrations of our
Blue Geese can be seen by referring
to The Oologist Vol. XXVIII, pages
18-20-24-82-171, Vol. XXIX page 269-382,
Vol. XXX page 61, Vol. XXXI pages
15-20-24,

R. M Barnes,

My First Find of Blue Grossbeaks
On May 21, 1919 I was walking
along a fence about one hundred feet
north of my camps, I saw a bird fly
out of a small oak and said to myself
what kind of a bird was that. Ex
amining the tree I found a well con-
cealed nest about five feet up. Look-
in the nest I saw two white eggs and
a Cowbird, I waited until the bird re-
turned and found it to be a Blue
Grosbeak. On May the 26th there
were still two eggs and a cow bird.
The nest was made of rags, paper,
leaves, spider webs, lined with horse
hair and fine rootlets.
Late in the evening of June the 8th,
I was sitting out in front of my boat
repair shop at Lake Worth, talking to
W. P. Mackdermitt, a taxidermist. I
heard a bird up in the top of a tall
oak. I,said to Bill, “that sounds like >
a new bird to me.’ She had apiece
of paper in her mouth so I kept a
close watch on her. She fooled around
for about fifteen minutes and made a
dart for some low weeds not far from
me. I made an examination and found
a nest nearly complete. Looking up
in a tree close by I observed the male
which was a beautiful bird, dark blue
with chestnut shoulders. On June the
10th there was the egg in the nest.
June 15th there were four eggs and
June the 17th there were still four
eggs. The nest was three feet up,
composed of the same material as the
other nest. I took several good pic-
tures with my Graflex.
Ramon Graham,
Ft. Worth, Texas.

-—. ——___ ——_2-

BAGS TRUMPETER SWAN
Pitsburg, Kan., Jan. 24.—The Pitts-
burg State Normal Training Museum
of Natural History has a rare bird in
the shape of a trumpeter swan, rare
in this northern latitude. It was
killed by a young man while hunting

134 THE OOLOGIST

on the Spring river, near here. He
took it to several local naturalists be-
fore it was identified.

The above clipping I received from
an acquaintance in Los Angeles, Calif.,
recently. No doubt they as well as
the author of the article thought it of
great scientific value. The “Swan”
article, if true, is to be regretted that
so rare a bird had to be destroyed,
but it is only one instance of what is
being done the country over. I can
well remember when the Pileated
Woodpecker was a common bird on
the Kaskaska River and especially in
the heavy timber north of Huey, Ill.
Now they are almost extinct. The
hunters and fishermen are responsible
to a very great extent. Of course the
cutting out of the timber had its effect
but the fisherman killed them and
other birds for bait, and the hunters
shot them whenever opportunity
offered, merely for the sake of having
what they considered an honor tw tell
they succeeded in killing one of the
old Bull’s eyes they called him. In
response to Delos Hatch’s article,
“Someone ought to shoot the boy,” I
have no doubt he as well as hundreds
of his kind have done enough damage
to the birds to warrant the assertion,
but I have some experience witn the
Sparrow Hawk, which convinces me
they do a vast amount of harm to
small birds. I live about one hundred
yards from the M. E. Church building
and it is one of the old style build-
ings with a tall bell house. Several
years ago the Flicker picked holes in
the gable, and a Sparrow Hawks had
nested there for probably fifteen years.
There are a lot of shade trees in the
vicinity which afford nesting places
for Flickers, Red Headed Woodpeck-
ers, Robins, Baltimore Orioles, Blue
Jays, House Wrens, Huropean House
Sparrows, and it is a common thing
to hear a commotion among the birds.

Invariably the Sparrow may be seen
flying away with some of their young
in its talons. In fact I am of the
opinion they succeeded in getting
nearly all the young Robins as they
are the most helpless of the lot. I
have succeeded in inducing the Great
Crested Flycatcher to nest on my
home place in boxes put up in the
gable end of outbuildings. They are
a little scary but I do not intrude and
they are getting tamer. I passed
within eight feet of them while they
were feeding their young and they
merely looked at me a second and
went right on as much as to say “You
are harmless.” We have only a few
early arrivals so far. I saw Jan. 12
Mourning Doves; Jan. 27, Meadow
Larks; Jan. 29, Robins 3; Bluebirds, 2.
The Robins and Bluebirds have been
seen every few days since.
C. B. Vandercook,
Adin, Ill.

Okanagan Landing, B. C.

Dear Sir: In answer to Mr. P. B.
Peabody’s letter in the May Oologist
I should like to point out that Okana-
gan Landing is not in the coast region
of British Columbia but some two hun-
dred and fifty miles east in the semi-
arid interior. If Mr. Peabody could
compare winter skins of Pallidus
from this district with the type form
and with speciens of Salieamaus from
the coast I think he would be satis-
fied as to the validity of the former
race.

J. A. Monro,
Okanagan Landing, B. C.

Mrs. Delos Hatch. j
Mrs. Ellen Hatch, the wife of one
of the best known oologists in the

West, Delos Hatch, pased away very
suddenly at her home in Oakfield,
Wisconsin, June 1st and we extend
our sympathy to her bereaved hus-
band.

THE OOLOGIST

Nest of Blue Goose on Editor’s home place, Lacon, III. Female
on the nest. Male on guard. Distance, 6 feet, July 7, 1919
—Photo by Virginia Lane

135

136 THE OOLOGIST

Doves Using Old Nests of Robins

In reading the last issue of The
Oologist I was interested in the article
“Doves Mimicking Cowbirds.” The
following evidence may be of interest.

No. 1. In the spring of 1918 a pair

of Doves built a nest on a particular
limb of a box elder tree near my resi-
dence. Eggs were deposited but later
the nest was destroyed by Jaybirds.
Early in the’spring of 1919 a pair of
Robins built a nest on the identical
spot. Whether they reared their
young or not I do not know. Some
weeks later I noticed a Dove sitting
on the same nest and know hat she
reared her young. The cavity of the
nest had been filled in with a few
roots and sticks by the Doves.
No. 2. During the spring of 1918 a
pair of Robins built a nest on the
branch of an elm tree, under which I
pass four times daily. The spring of
1919 a pair of Doves used the old nest
apparently without any repairing and
the young left the nest the 24th of
June.

This is the first instance that I ob-
served Doves adopting other birds’
nests.

The nests above referred to are now
in the University Museum.

W. H. Over,
June 27, 1919. Vermillion, S. Dak.

— -—___—_ —__ -8 <-s—_—__
My Chickadee Guests
By Stewart H. Burnham

“When piped a tiny voice hard by,

Gay and polite, a cheerful cry.
Chic-chickadee-dee! saucy note
Out of sound and merry throat,
As if it said, “Good day, good sir!
Fine afternoon, old passenger!
Happy to meet you in these places,
Where January brings few faces.”
At Glenwood, Hudson Falls, N. Y.,
an old medium sized grape basket, to
which cords were attached, holding it
when the window sash was let down,

was placed on the window sill. The
basket was lined with newspapers
which were changed every few days.
Two or three times on opening the
window, the basket fell to the ground;
so afterwards the cords were looped
about a yardstick in the room. Ifthe
wind blew very hard a small piece of
marble was placed in the basket, to
keep the paper from blowing out.

The first Chickadee found the bas-
ket, December 17th, two or three days
after it had been put out. Then they
continued to come every day; from he
fore sunrise until after sunset. A
Chickadee seemed to ve aiways about
and were a great deal of company.
Unroasted peanuts, chopped fine in a
chopping bowl were put out. Usually
the bird would take its bit of peanut
and hop to the edge of the basket,
hold the meat with its foot, and take
tiny bites. The birds usually ate with
their backs to the window; but if the
wind was blowing hard, they would
often times face the window. Often a
bird would remain in the bottom of
the basket picking up the peanut
crumbs, from time to time hopping to
the edge of the basket, to make sure
another bird was not coming; or again
it would remain quietly feeding for
two or three minutes. Suddenly
through the air would come another
Chickadee to the basket, and frighten
the other one, which would hop tothe
edge of the basket, but seldom would
leave it. Sometimes when one came
and found another there, one of the
birds would come against the window
pane, “thump,” like a flash.

The Chickadee, eating, woulu eye
the others which came, and should one
alight on the blinds above the basket,
it would look up and eye it sharply
but continue eating. Sometimes the
one eating would try to drive the
others away with open beak; often
starting towards the other bird, but

THE OOLOGIST 137

no sound was made. There was one
Chickadee that drove the others about.
probably a male bird; at least when
eating his peanut on the edge of the
basket, he would not budge for another
bird, and might go down in the basket
for another and then another meat.

The Chickadee on the edge of the
basket would sometimes wipe its beak
on the basket. Oftentimes they would
taste with their bills before they ate.
They were very tame and allowed one
to move about and make considerable
noise in the room as they ate, but if
the window was open, they seemed
aware of it at once, and would not re-
main near the basket. Gentle tapping
on the window when the Chickadee
was eating with its back towards you,
caused the bird to totter on the edge
of the basket; it looked around, as if
to say, “Please don’t,” but continued
eating. Oftentimes the bird would al-
most lose its balance while eating, on
the edge of the basket, but it usually
would right itself.

When all the meats were gone, the
Chickadee would brace itself on the
edge of the basket, with its tail feath-
ers spread a bit and sort of cling to
the wood of the basket, hammer loud-
ly with its beak a minute or two, for
more meats. Opening the window to
put out more peanuts, the birds had
often to be frightened away because
they tipped the basket in their eager-
ness.

December 21st. Two of the Chicka-
dees got into a fight in the botom of
the basket, one had the other down on
its back talking to it, ,but soon after-
wards one cleared out. The Hairy
Woodpecker found the basket two
days later, and several times came,
always announcing his coming; but
he only would alight on the edge of
the basket to look in and never re-
mained long. The Downy Woodpeck-
er was not so shy and after a few

days would remain several minutes
feeding with its tail braced against
the inside of the basket. The White-
breasted Nuthatch soon found out
where the basket was and rather per-
sistently came to eat, although I did
not allow him to eat when around, as
he had his suet and box of nut meats
on the back porch. The Nuthatch is
so intelligent. He knew that I did
not wish to eat, but he was sly, some-
times taking two or three minutes
trying to reach the basket, coming
from the blinds. Oftentimes he spoke
and gave himself away.

When it rained from the west or
snowed, the grape basket was slipped
inside a covered peach crate; which
was also fastened to hold under the
window sash. The first time the crate
was used, it was three or four minutes
before the Chickadees could fathom
where the basket had gone. The
Chickadees often sat in the little shel-
ter, eating in the basket or on its
edge, but often would carry away the
meats to branches and bushes to eat
them in the storm. With the basket
within the crate, often the Chickadees
would alight on the covered crate and
gradually work over to the edge and
look inside, which frightened the bird
in the basket not a little bit. The
Nuthatch also worked its way over
the crate in a similar way.

A most persistent impudent House
Sparrow discovered the basket Janu-
ary 14th, and for days afterwards,
very persistently got the start of me,
every time my back was turned She
did not look half as wise as the Nut-
hateh, and the first few days gave a

delighted chirp each time she got near
the basket. She finally seemed to
realize that the chirp gave her away,
and finally approached the basket sil-
ently. The House Sparrow was final-
Jy gotten rid of, by taking the basket

138 THE OOLOGIST

from the window-sill, when out of the
room for a few minutes.

Coming in from Glenwood woods the
morning of January 15th, a dead but
warm Chickadee was found on the
snow by the back porch; probahy in
coming to the suet and box on the
porch, it accidentally struck against
the slate roof or tin eave-trough. On
bright, mild winter days the Chicka-
dees are never as much in evidence as
on cold or stormy ones, and on very
cold days their feathers seem very
much brighter. On very windy days
they are not about so much, as thev
do not seem to be able to fly so well
against a strong wind. When trying
to drive others away, the Chickadee
seems capable of erecting the black
feathers of its head a bit. The ques-
tion arose where they slept cold win-
ter nights? I had supopsed in hem-
lock and evergreen tres. but there is
a probability more often in Ceserted
woodpecker hoies and hollow trees.

It was some time before it was dis-
covered the reason why the Chicka-
dee picked at the edges of the news-
paper in the basket, was to find the
meats they had hidden. Sometimes
the bird would lose its meat iu the
rim of the basket, then it would start
pounding the basket with its bill. One
was seen extracting a meat from the
rim by going to the outside and peck-
ing in. Oftentimes they would cling
to the lower corner of the basket and
pick the meats out which had tumbled
between the paper and the basket.

The Chickadee fed from my hand
January 28th; afterwards they would
come one after another and take
meats from my hands when standing
on the back porch. Only once or
twice could I prevail on them to eat
from the hand at the window. Once
they came to my hands for meats
forty times,in five minutes, the same
bird often coming two or three times,

carrying away the meat, hiding it and
immediately returning for another.
The Chickadees would often pick your
fingers before selecting a peanut; try-
ing to make out what such a warm
food-tray could be. At one time there
was a dozen or more Chickadees about
to eat. I finally had to stop allowing
them to eat from the hand, regularly,
because they were becoming so tame
and fearless, and a large barn tramp
cat would occasionally some to sit on
th porch when I was not on guard.
Once the feet of one of the birds was
touched and almost its feathers, when
it was looking for meat.

The 12th of February, 24 degrees
below zero; the Chickadee outside,
Singing its spring sleepy song. The
23d, the Chickadees placing its nut
meat between the papers in the bas-
ket and hiding it so prettily. The
26th, a storm of sleet from the south-
west. “Hear, Hear, Hear, Hear” loud-
ly and plainly calls the Nuthatch from -
the shelter side of the little leaning
pear tree. The following day it
thawed; loud sleepy song whistles of
the Chickadee answered by a “chick-
a-dee-dee-dee-dee.”” Watched the Chick-
adee in the basket picking upmeats
and ‘firing’ them over its back until
the right one was found, which it took
to the edge of the basket and ate.

The 3d of March the Chickadees all
alarm over something which had hap-
pened in the garden, and every one
was making a great ado in the grape-
vines, which lasted for a minute or
two before it was over. Over what?
Did the House Sparrow discover a hid-
den nut meat? The 8th, a Chickadee
picked up a meat, dropped it, picked
up another, dropped that as it was too
small, and finally selecting a large
meat, carried it away and hid it. Today,
the bird at the basket kept fluttering
its wings and scolding at another to
drive it away, which came to the edge

139

suv] BIUISITA AQ 0JOUG— '
6L6L ‘Z Aine “| ‘uooe ‘aoejd oiuo0y
s,J0}IPy uo ‘uMOoUH 9SOOH onjg jo SHhHbA puke SON FS4I4 FY4L

THE OOLOGIST

140 THE OOLOGIST

of the basket. The 11th, flocks of
Chickadees again making a great ado
over something. Perhaps they were
selecting mates? Today, the Chicka-
dee came to my hand, while on the
porch, after a meat, selecting one,
dropped it on the floor, selecting
another, dropped that also, but finally
selected a large one which it carried
away ot eat or hide. Today, a house
fly in the room about the window, at-
tracted the attention of the Chickadee,
and it attempted to fly to catch it.

The 14th of March, after a brilliant
sunrise a very snowy afternoon.” Chip-
chip-chip-chip-chip” said the Chicka-
dee at the basket in answer to another
among the snowy trees singing, Phe-
be, Phe-be, Phe-be.’”’ Chip-chip-chip-
chip-chip” said the one at the basket,
and one brightly answered ‘dee-dee-
chick-a-dee-dee-dee-dee. The 21st of
March, ‘See-see-see-see” said the
Chickadee when an abundance of
of fresh meats was put out. Then
comes the birds, and if by morning,
they seem very hungry and will load
their beaks with as many bits of
meats, as they will hold, to carry off
to eat or to hide, and soon return for
more. If they did not carry the food
away, a few birds would usurp the
places of the others.

The morning of March 21st, the
first Bluebird, and at noon he came in-
to the garden crab-tree and sang and
preened his feathers, the Chickadees
getting as close as possible to look
him all over. The last week of March
was milder and the birds practically
deserted the basket on the window-
sill. During April and into May evid-
dently a pair of Chickadees continued
to come, they were probably mates,
as often both would eat at the basket
together. The feathers looked rather
faded, but that was due probably to
the milder weather. The Nuthatch
was allowed to eat eyery time he

wished during the spring days, and
he was very happy and loudly thanked
you. The 18th of April a ‘pair von
beautiful Song Sparrows began to
come to the basket for the peanut
meats, although shyer than the winter
birds, they were not much afraid. When
eating, the Song Sparrow was large
enough so that when it straightened
up it could watch out for danger with-
out hopping to the edge of the basket.
When through eating it usually made
considerable noise when it wiped its
beak off on the edge of the basket. A
beautiful speckled bodice doth the
Song Sparrow wear!

What wise little birds are the Chick-
adees! Some of them enjoyed being
talked to; they quirked their pretty
black caps, twinkled their black pearls
of eyes, and seemed to eat faster, as
if to show you how to do it. Once in
a while they broke forth in ‘“dee-dee-
chick-a-dee-dee-dee-dee” very prettily
while they ate, as if giving thanks.
Than there was one Chickadee when
it looked at you showed a bit of white
the outside corner of its eye. Daintily
marked are they, the white of their
wings and tail beautifully blended with
the gray feathers of the back. Their
feathers are little gems under a hand
lens and are very wonderful! Inno-
cent, friendly and sicial little birds;
who cannot help liking the Black-
capped Chickadee!

Mr. Stewart H. Burnham,
Hudson Falls, N. Y.
Lf od ee
The Oological and Ornithological
Camp Fire

What is the general opinion as to
the most beautiful bird’s egg? The
Osprey, the Kingbird, the Sharp-
shinned Hawk, the White-tailed and
Swallow-tailed Kites, the Black Skim-
mer and even the Turkey Vulture have
their preferenciers and are strong
candidates for the honor. It seems

THE OOLOGIST 141

that the beauty of a bird egg should
have some weight in the regulating of
its value.

There were days in the Oological
world when Major Charles Emil Ben-
dire and Dr. William Rolph summered
together at Holland Point, N. Y. Both
were shining examplar of perfect bird
egg preparation and the best in oology.

Each in time filled the office of
Honorary Curator of Bird Eggs in the
U. S. National Museum. Bendire’s
great work will live down the ages as
a monument to its author. Dr. Ralph’s
preparation of specimens were by far
the best in the country. Even in large
eggs the holes in his specimens were
searcely larger than a pin point, and
the nests were always treated to the
tenderest care. Mr. B. H. Swales is
accredited as the present head of the
department of Oology, U. S. National
Museum. Questions on birds’ eggs
used to receive prompt answers from
the late Curator, and it is presumed
that the same is still the same.

What is the most beautiful bird?
Some there are, who would at once
place their choice with the lovely
“Bird of Paradise,’ others prefer the
Trogons and Quetzel; some think the
Sun Birds and others place the palm
with the lovely Trochilidae or Hum-
mingbirds. What is the general
opinion?

In a recent Simthsonian publication
there is a notice that Mr. A. C. Bent
of Taunten, Mass., of fame as a close
observer of the Anatidae, is preparing
a series of publications on the life his-
tory of birds, the manuscript for the
first volume being in the hands of the
printer. The Smithsonian will thus
augment its contributions to Oology.
It was much to be regretted that Dr.
-W. I. Ralph died before he could com-

plete Major Bendire’s Life Histories of
North American Birds, at which he
was at work, compiling material from
all over the country.

The Museum of comparative Oology
at Santa Barbara, Calif., seem to us
to be an admirable institution. The
Golden Gate is seemingly ahead of all
others anyway in ornithological study,
and bids fair to become one of the

leaders in the oological branch. The

principal of the Museum is to study
larger series and its Journal, the first
number of which has appeared, and
which is issued annually, examplies
what an advantage “A draw to a
species” rule has and the good and :
bad way to arrange nests. A hand-
some series of the Duck Hawk and
Prairie Falcon are shown. The Santa
Crux Jay comes in as a favorite in
the show of a fine series of nests and
sets. The Willard collection of well
prepared sets from Arizona has been
embodied in the collection which also
includes that of Musem’s head who
has a new work on California’s Birds
well under preparation; the most
sumptuous work of its kind. Leo. W.
Dawson, with such a head the museum
could not do otherwise than fare well.
The long list of the best workers in
Oology including Mr. EH. J. Court, Jr.
Joseph Grinnell, and others on its
staff, bids well for the welfare of the
enterprise and in the co-operative way
much good work should result.

Some time ago we had the pleasure
of examining the great’ British
Museum collection of Birds Eggs in
London and it has perhaps no su-
perior. Although we think the collec-
tion in our own National Museum con-
taining as it does the Ralph and Ben-
dire Collections surpasses it in point
of preparation. The collection con-
tains a set of the Everglade Kite from

}
1 |

142 THE OOLOGIST

the personal collection of the late Dr.
William L. Ralph of Utica, N. Y., the
late Honorary Curator of Dept. Oology,
U. S. N. We do not know of many
sets of this rare species in collections.
The set mentioned came from Florida,
and was received as present from Dr.
Ralph to Mr. John W. Daniel, Jr. who
accompanied the Doctor on an
expedition to the Great Dismal Swamp
after Swanison Warbler set. The ex-
pedition secured a nice set of this shy
warbler and many skins and also re-
observed a specimen of Bachman’s
Warbler and one of Ward’s Heron.

The first egg of the California Vul-
ture we ever heard of, was in the U.
S. N. M. collection. Then A M. Shield
of Los Angeles got one, and this was
acquired at a high price by C. F. Mor-
com of Los Angeles. Then H. R. Tay-
lor reported several.

The writer once had the pleasure of
seeing a Condor in full flight in one
of the Canons near Los Angeles with
G. F. Morcan. This was many years
ago. We have not heard of any been
taken in very recent years. We be-
lieve W. L. Finley of the Cooper Club
got one some years ago, at least he
got a good photograph of the egg in
situ and of the young. The Zoologi-
cal Park at Washington contained
two adult live Condors which nested
and the U. S. N. M. got an egg there-
by.

Among Ornithologists whose field
work in tropical countries has result-
ed in much valuable material, there
are few who work indefatigably than
Dr. F. M. Chapman. We have had the
pleasure of seeing his work on “Dis-
tribution of Bird Life in Columbia,”
containing several very beautiful
colored plates by L. A. Furtes. The
work is published by the American
Museum of Natural History, New York.

Among other photographs there is an
excellent photograph showing the nest-
ing cavities of a species of Parrotin a
group of wax palms. W. W. Brown
ranks in the lead of tropical collect-
ors of birds. His skins are prepared
with a beauty of individuality that
characterizes few present day results
of the tropical field work where there
are many disadvantages. C. W. Rich-
mond, the Honorary Curator of Birds,
National Mseum, who once collected
in Nicaragua, likewise makes what
might be termed a perfect bird skin,
and so does Mr. W. Palmer, but the
general run of bird skins falls far
short of this ideal. Dr. Brown, Dr.
Nelson EK. W. Goldman, Q. H. Colburn
and others who collected in Mexico,
probably find their field closed for the
present owing to the political situation
but we believe that ornithologists can
cope with any danger because they
posess the needful tact and discretion
and are suave and taciturn in their
dealings with cambrous conditions or
ireful natives.

In Augusta County, Virginia, season
1919, the writer has observed a
practically White Robin (Planesticus
Imgratorius). The under parts are
white and there are several white
retrices and wing feathers. Even in
his climate which is cold, the writer
noticed a nearly full fledged Robin on
the 15th of May. How do Robins get
their young to the ground from great
heights? A Robin has a nest in an
opening: on the face of a hospital build-
ing at least 60 or 70 feet up. The
young leave their nest or are taken
out before they are able to fly. The
distance from the nest to the ground
is such that the drop would prove
fatal. It is a well authenticated fact
that the Wood Duck takes her fiedg-
ings down from the cavity by their
backs, but I have never witnessed it.
Mr. H. H. White of this locality, West-

THE OOLOGIST 148

ern State Hospital, Augusta Co., Va.,
states he has witnesed it. Does the
Robin also do this?

Gilbert Pearson who used to write
so charmingly for The Oologist has a
recent article in the “Review of Re-

views” on “The Case of the Brown
Pelican.”
J. W. Daniels, Jr.
0 8
An Outing

On June 24, I took my lunch beside
a litle stream spring surrounded by
a very small piece of woods but a
favorite place for birds to come and
bathe. Had been there only a few
minutes when a Wood Thrush came
with a worm in its bill and fed a
young bird several times as it sat on
a small bush. She then flew down to
the stream and took a bath within
twenty feet of me. Soon a female
Redstart did the same. Just over the
wall a Field Sparrow was singing.
Back on the hillside in the shrubbery,
I could hear the Catbird performing.
Over in the orchard was a Baltimore
Oriole singing. I heard a noise in the
stream and on looking saw a Phoebe
and Red-eyed Vireo having a bath.
Out in the sun the Phoebe did his
best to sing, while the distant call of
the Blue Jay and Crow sounded musi-
cal. A Hummingbird flew by to her
nest a little way from where I sat. The
Towhee and Indigo were keeping up
their part in the pasture yonder, and
as I was listening to all these sounds
I heard a faint rustle and in looking
around I spied an Oven Bird, walking
quietly along. A Chipmunk chased
another around a tree and a Red
Squirrel sat on a limb and scolded me.
Too bad we could not have lingered
there a while longer, but we had work
to do that would not wait.
Adelbert Temple,
Hopkington, Mass.

Nesting of Canada Spruce Grouse
Near Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

On June 9th (1918) ariving at my
home about 11:30 p. m. I found a note
which stated that ‘central’ wanted
me to call up at once. On doing so I
learned that Edward Long had been
trying to get me for two hours and
was still waiting

Instantly a thrill of expectation
came over me,—for does not Edward
Long live at Sunken Lake, which is
three lonely miles through the woods
from the nearest ’phone, and did he
not tell me last April that he was
keeping watch over a pair of ‘Spruce
Partridges!”’

He had told me then, how they had
nested near his place for years and
hever a season but he had seen the
young birds with the old hen; and
some six or eight years ago he even
found the nest with eggs. These he
saw frequently, till they were hatched.

I had offered, at this time, what

seemed to him a generous reward

for a nest with eggs, (a little money
goes far in the back-woods) and all
through May I waited anxiously for
some word from him. When June
came in I lost hope, for, in Nova
Scotia these birds lay their first set-
ting about the middle of May.

But to come back to the point,—
here was Edward Long, three miles
from home and it was nearing mid-
night—an ungodly hour in that remote
region. His business must be urgent,
so it’s no wonder that I was a bit ex-
cited.

Well, just as I had hoped, he had
at last found the nest of the Spruce
Grouse. To my frenzied inquiry as
to what it contained he leisurely
drawled out “four eggs.” Now this
bird normally lays six eggs. At least
I have three authentic records for
Nova Scotia and all contained six
eggs and all were partially incubated,

144 THE. OOLOGIST :

so I. figured that either this was a
complete 2nd nest. or else an. incom-
plete delayed ist setting.

I instructed him, emphatically, not to
gonear it till the eleventh, on which
date I would be on hand, rain or shine.
With that I hung up the receiver and
shortly “turned in” to be tortured for
the remainder of the night by dreams
which told of broken eggs and torn
up nests.

On the morning of June 11th I was
off shortly after sunrise and on reach-
ing my destination I found my man
ready to accompany me. The nest
was. a mile away, he said, but I think
I never traveled a more elastic mile.
The details of his find, as he related
them. to me, were about as follows:

He had been seeing the female bird
repeatedly all winter as he traveled
to and from his wood-lot. She was
most frequently seen unattended and
appeared very tame. About the middle
of May he began to search for the nest
and spent hours following up old
brush fences and beating through
acres of spruce woods. It was rarely
that he saw the bird now and all at-
tempts to follow here were useless, for
she seemed to have an uncanny way
of vanishing, at what seemed, the crit-
ical moment.

In the immediate vicinity of the place
where she was supposed to have her
nest, was a small back pasture, sparse-
ly. covered with tiny spruce and fir
seedlings, six inches to three or four
feet. high. It was in the heavier
spruce woods which surrounded this
pasture on three sides that Mr. Long
had done most of his searching. On
the fourth side the clearing was sep-
arated from a dense growth of large
beech trees, by a brush fence, the
same being sorely in need of repair.
On June 9th he went back to patch
up the weak spots and stepping out
about 20 feet into the clearing to pick

===

up a pole, he walked over two small
spruces growing very close together.
As his foot touched the bushes there
was a thunderous roar and Mrs.
Spruce Hen, the elusive, jumped about
three feet in the air, and landing five
or six feet to one side, squatted down
with spread and quivering wings and
never budged an inch, but Kept up a
constant squealing whining.

Peering under the bushes he saw

the nest and four eggs. He immediate-

ly left without so much as touching
them, and when, on looking back he
last saw the bird, she had pulled her-
self together a bit and stopped her
noise, but she was watching him de-
jectedly.

Now we are approaching the spot,
highly expectant, and I had my
camera ready for all kinds of imagi-
nery pictures of Mrs. Grouse and her
treasures. As I parted the bushes, all
nerved for the expected roar of wings,
I was disappointed at not finding the
bird at home, but the eggs, still four
in number, were safe. On examina-
tion it was found that these were cold
and wet, it having rained a little the
previous night. It was now about 9:30
a. m. and we hung about till near
eleven o’clock, hoping she would put
in an appearance. In this we were
again disappointed and after securing
some photos of the eggs and nest, I
reluctantly withdrew with the four
precious beauties safely packed.

The nest was a slight depression
at the base of a small and well rotted
birch stump, and was admirably con-
cealed by the low-growing thick
boughs of the twin spruces. The de-
pression was lined with dry beech
leaves and a few feathers from the
birds’ breast. About the center of the
nest and scarcely covered by the

meagre and loose lining of leaves, I
was amazed to discover the rough and
rounded surface of a large embedded

THE OOLOGIST

rock slightly protruding. Two of the
eggs bear peculiar marks, as though
the surface had at one or more points
been scratched with a coarse file. I
believe these marks were caused by
the bird scraping the eggs against the
rock.

The name “Sunken Lake’ is,
physically speaking, somewhat of a
misnomer, as the whole region con-
cerned is really upland, and the clear-
ing above mentioned was fully 300
yards from anything suggesting a wet
bog or swamp, which is the sort of
babitat, I have always observed, this
species seems to favor.

I have no theory to advance as to
what may have occurred to induce the
bird to desert her nest. The eggs
were slightly incubated, which sug-
gests that the set was complete.

From what Mr. Long told me, I can-
not believe his single brief intrusion
on her privacy would account for her
abandoning the eggs, especially since
the period of incubation had begun.

e R. W Tufts,
Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

SS eee
Some Nesting Birds of the Palisades
Interstate Park.

. Paper No. 2
By P. M. Silloway.

8. Chipping Sparrow. The Chipping
Sparrow inhabits the general Park do-
main, frequenting situations that par-
take of human and domestic in-
fluences, the camp zones fringing the
lakes and ponds, the old farms, gar-
dens, and bushy areas near dwellings
and buildings. In all these situations
it nests in harmony with its well
known characteristics of confidence
and disregard of human activities. On
June 6 a nest was found in a small
pine, about four feet from the ground,
cn horizontal branches against the
main stem, in a park-like portion of
the Bear Mountain Inn grounds. This

145

nest contained young recently hatched.
Another nest on June 6 was in a small
cedar tree, in the margin of a hard-
wood sapling thicket; the nest was
made against the central stem of the
cedar, or horizontal twigs, about four
feet from the ground. This nest con-
tained young beginning to feather out.

9. Brown Thrasher. On June 6 a
nest of Brown Thrasher was examined
in a sapling cluster beside the road
through the boat-landing grounds, near
the Inn. The site was a stout fork
of sapling, with oblique fallen branches
as additional foundation, about six
feet from the ground, and within easy
view from the road. This nest con-
tained four eggs on June 6. Further
observations showed that the site was
a dead chestnut sapling surrounded
by chestnut sprouts, on a foundation
of bent and fallen branches mated to-
gether, and with a cluster of living
chestnut leaves about the nest as a
partial shelter. The nest location was
closely backed up by thick scrub
growth under tall trees. The plan of
structure was of the regulation pat-
tern, a bulky mass of coarse twigs,
with fibrous ends of hemlock and root-
lets, lined with coarse dark rootlets.
The nest mass measured more than
a foot in diameter, owing to the
length of twigs used in the outer part
of the walls.

10. Catbird. The Catbird was every-
where noticeable during the song
season, frequenting the bushy mar-
gins of the lakes and ponds, the shrub-
bery of the hillside bases, old gardens,
and berry-bearing patches of bushy
openings. On June 7 I examined a
nest of Catbird, in a tangle beside the
road through the boat-landing grounds.
It was made on bent stems of large
blackberry, about three feet from the
ground. The materials were coarse
twigs, weed-stems and _ grass-stems,
with coarse black rootlets for lining,

146 THE OOLOGIST

The nest held four eggs, upon which
the parent bird was sitting. When
the nest was disturbed, both birds
flitted nearby uttering their guttural
“quut” in energetic scolding. Farther
on, about a hundred feet from this
nest, another nest of Catbird was
found, in a tangle of bent ash,sumach
and grape, the location being in the
margin of he sapling growth below
the parapet enclosing the roadway.
The site was on interlacing forks and
stems, about three and a half feet
from the ground, chiefly in wild grape
and sumach. There were four fuzzy
young in the nest.

11. Robin. On June 7 a nest of
Robin was examined. It was in the
tangle selected by the Catbirds ubove
mentioned, and this Robin was a very
near neighbor to one of the Catbird
pairs. The sit was the lowest branches
of a small hemlock along the path
through the station grounds. It was
built against the main stem, not more
than three feet from the ground, in
plain view from the nearby pathway.
This nest contained young well
feathered.

12. Chestnut-sided Warbler. On
June 7 a nest of Chestnut-sided Wra-
bler was examined. It was also in the
tangle mentioned on the station or
or boat-landing grounds, near the Inn,
in the sloping zone of shrubbery be-
tween the motor highway and the
lower road through the grounds. This
nest was in blackberry sprouts, made
among upright stems and forking
twigs, about two feet from the ground,
and the site was as quite character-
istic, for it utilized upright forks
made by this year’s growth and last
season’s dead branches. The plant
containing the nest was among bram-
bles resembling it so that the site was
in no way obvious. The structure was
rather shabby in appearance, made
outwardly of dingy dried grasses and

bark sheds, with several fragments of
wasp paper. It was lined with fine
dried grasses and horse-hair, the lat-
ter being placed rather loosely in
position. There were fuzzy young in
the nest, and the female chirped
nervously around the place during my
presence, while the male flitted in the
nearby bushes with quivering wings
but making no sound.

13. Red-eyed Vireo. On June 8 a
nest of Red-eyed Vireo was examined,
in the scrubbing along the base of
Bear Mountain bordering the Inn
grounds. The site was in the lowest
branches of a chestnut sapling, the
nest being suspended as usual from
the brim in a fork, under a leaf can-
opy about six feet from the ground.
While the female was sitting on her
four eggs, the male was singing not
far away.

14. Yellow-breasted Chat. This Chat
was not observed in the Park except
in the vicinity of Bear Mountain, and
there it inhabitated the laurel bush at
the base of the mountain fringing the
Inn grounds. The calls and cries of
the male serve as a guide to the lo-
cation of the nest, and almost at the
very center of the song, activities of
a Chat songster I found the nest which
inspired his odd expressions of joy-
ousness. On June 8 I examined the
nest, which was in a low, thick-set,
densely-flowering laurel shrub. The
site was in upright forks under the
umbrella-like canopy of leaves and
flowers, about two feet from the
ground. The female was on the nest
when I uncovered it, and after leav-
ing it she scolded vigorously around
the place, calling “scamp” in protest,
in which she was soon joined by the
male. The location was in a little sun-
lit area crowded with laurel in rich
bloom, while all around was the hill-
side scrub in wild tangle. There were
helpless young in this nest. As apart

THE OOLOGIST 147

of the surroundings there were larger
witch hazel, viburnum, maple, chest-
nut and hickory sprouts.

15. Chestnut-sided Warbler. In the
bushy clusters at the base of Bear
Mountain, near the trail leading up
the slope, the Chestnut-sided Warbler
is one of the common frequenters of
the shrubbery. Near the place where
the Yellow-breasted Chat was nesting,
I found a nest of Chestnut-sided War-
bler on June 8. It was located in the
margin of a shown bank of purple
flowering raspberry. The site was
against an upright fork of this shrub,
completely covered by the leat can-
opy, and the structure was held in
place by adjoining stems, about two
feet from the ground. This nest was
made outwardly nearly altogether of
narrow dried grasses and shreds of
weed-stems, rather loosely woven and
coiled together, having the appearance
of careless workmanship. The lining
was made of very fine brown grasses
and some horsehair. The parent birds
were actively engaged in feeding the
recently hatched young in this nest,
and they chirped quietly nea, the
place while I examined their house-
hold arrangements.

16. Golden-winged Warbler. Forthe
first time I was able to study this
interesting Warbler at close range,
while staying at the Guest House in
the interior of the Park, on the Kanah-
wauke lakes. I observed a pair of
Golden-winged Warbler acive in fly-
ing wih food into a patch of swamp
fern, in a litle grassy area bordering
he public highway. Several small
saplings in the margin of the fernery
gave the Warblers a _ protected ap-
proach to the nest, from which sta-
tion they would drop into the swamp-
grasses. When I was within sight,
the female would keep in the sap-
lings, chirping anxiously, while the
male seemed to make efforts to en-

courage and assure his timid spouse,
for he would make frequent sallies
nearer to me and return to her apar-
ently to induce her to follow him down
to the nest with her bit of food. At
length she followed her mate into the
ferns at the foot of the sprouts, and
thereafter they both made _ regular
trips away and back into the ferns re-
gardless of me. The male was not
heard to sing at any time near the
place. After sufficient observation to
satisfy myself regarding the location
of the nest, I crawled down among the
ferns and swamp-weeds, and parting
the soaked vegetation carefully, I
found the nest set beside the base of
a fern-clump, low on the ground be-
side the exposed roots of the grasses.
There were three half-grown young in
the nest. A month later I collected
the discarded nest, when it was found
to have no firmness of structure so
that it could be removed and retain
its original shape. It was made of
fragments of dead leaves and bark,
with a very little bedding of fine
grases, all the materials being dark
brown in color and almost moist in
situ.

17. Least Flycatcher. On June 12 I
observed a Least Flycatcher at work
on a nest in a clump of young trees
back of the Guest Home garage. The
site was an upright fork on a slender
oblique branch about fifteen feet from
the ground. The foundation was near-
ly finished, and the builder was begin-
ning to fashion and walls. Her method
of building was to stick the material
low on the outside and then pull it
up around in place, thus constructing
from the base upward on the outside.
Only one of the owners was seen at
any time during this construction
work. On June 13 I noted that the
Flycatcher built up the walls of her
nest by sitting or standing in it, and
reaching down on the outside, she

148

would pull up the material into the
desired place, thus weaving it to-
gether. Frequently in reaching down
on the outside she would stand almost
head down, with tail elevated nearly

perpendicular, shaping the nest to her,

form and adjusting the materials on
the outside to proper curve and
height. Often in her work the build-
er would snuggle down low to see
how the nest fit her form, then rise
and reach over the brim to pull it
into shape or to tuck in a fragment
more satisfactorily, thus shaping and
altering and fitting. As described, the
general method seemed to be to catch
the material low on the outside, pull it
up and over the brim and tuck it in
tightly on the inside. Strange ti say,
while the nest was constructed with
care and energy, it was never used.
Later in the season I collected the
nest. The tree was a flowering dog-
wood under the shelter of a larger
hickory. The nest was made of soft
grayish bark fibers, downy particles of
plant material, small feather frag-
ments, brownish bark shreds and
horsehair, with a lining of fine brown
grasses.
ou) eels 4224
From Egypt

A letter from R. B. Overington who
is well known to the readers of The
Oologist, dated at Alexandria, Egypt,
June 15th has this bird information.

“The Black Heron breeds in Cairo
and the villages in the vicinity, pick-
ing out most any tall tree to place its
ungainly looking litter of sticks which
much resemble that of the Osprey
only on a smaller scale. They are
very plentiful. Several weeks ago
while walking along the Nile I was
much interested to notice a seemingly
organized body of Egrets systematical-
ly carrying small twigs to build their
nests with from several trees. After
watching them awhile craving surely

THE OOLOGIST

did come to stick around long enough
until I at last got one clutch. If the
people around here knew the birds
laid eggs I should be very much sur-
prised to find it out. There is only
one taxidermist in Cairo. The birds
he has stuffed are like the ones I
threw away after my first months ex-
perimental work. The museum is hard-
ly any better, so after making the
rounds I saw only several birds which
were fixed up in cloth and bandages
and mumified by early Egyptians.”
ie aS Jat igen to
From Kansas

On May 21, 1919, Guy Love of Ober-
lin, Kan., and I collected a set of seven
Downy Woodpecker eggs. Mr. Love
said that he had never seen a nest so
large and it is, I believe, quite unusual
for this bird.

I also found a set of nine Crow eggs
but unfortunately one of them was
broken by the Crow in leaving the
nest and the other eight were too
badly incubated to save.

To one who has lived in Kansas all
his life the number of Violet Geese
Swallows here is amazing. They are
as common as English Sparrows are
in the East and are certainly much
better citizens. In addition to their
natural nesting sites they build in
crevices around buildings as Hnglish
Sparrows do in the East. However,
there are a few Sparrows here and
they will probably succeed the Swal-
lows here as did the Martins in the
East.

Bill Griffee.

Hawk and Oppossum

Last spring Jake Zeitlin was out af-
ter Hawks. He spied a nest in top
of a large elm. He was anxious for a
set so up the tree he quickly went,
and to his surprise he found an opos-
sum sound asleep instead of a set of
eggs.

i Ramon Graham.

4

MISCERLLANDOUS.
FOR SALE—A High-class collection

E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1
Thorburn’s British Birds.

ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

EXCHANGEHE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
specimens.
Squirrel skins to offer.
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

WANTED—Bird skins—must be per-
fect; also small mammal skins. Good

State Hospital, Staunton, Va.

SALE or TRADE—Pair of field
I want copy of Holland “Moth
or some other good book on
HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-

from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in. sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Price-list’ on application; for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller. Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

Soe y Se eae ‘like to become ac-
quaint d with active Oologist in New York
ity. Westchester Co., or nearby, with view
to, expeditions next spring. L. S. please
write. age og a LL TR, White Plains,

FOR EXCHANGE — Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea sonited al
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. peo giens es
Hybrid) Also many natives. Want A
set of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

‘The Oologist is, the ‘best ‘medium > of Os
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,
the entire U.S.

THE OOLOGIST Vv

Who has'skins or mounted fox salirelt.
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, ra.

WANTHD—20 gauge aux. chambered
for 32 Ex. Long. J. A. MUNRO, Okana-
gan Landing, B. C.

FOR HXCHANGH—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17. inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of ‘North
America by Eaton. ’Please state Pa
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens. of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

WANTEHED—Cash or exchange, vols.
1, 2, 3 of Ridgeway’s BIRDS OF NORTH
AND MIDDLE AMBERICA—vols. 5, 7 of
same series to offer. Also want first
class compound microscope. H. ;
LADD, 4354 McPherson, St. Louis, Mo.

FOR SALE
Quadropedes of Nerth America, Au-

Cub omy, WiOles TU S46n a ecieccsle ss $ 2.00
Ridgway’s Manuel North Am.

HSRC (PAGO Oye cfelcuea tet aie: apelauer eae, ee 4.00
Birds of Kansas, Goss, 1886...... 1.50
Hnglish Sparrow in N. Am., Bar-

LOWS: ISSO wets Sista Gs, oreteue «cee eaten 1.50

Ridgway’s Birds of N. and M. Am.

WVIGISErISICO* HP IG ea ioe Sate oe a's 25.00
Auks, Vol. 6 to 33 inclusive, 28

Vols., paper covers uncut.... 50.00
Forest and Stream, Vols. 1 to 12

UNEN © 5 Shee sanete ts, chensa cheers ee we Sree cei 35.00
Ibis, 1874 to 1883, Bound ......... 90.00
And many vols. of Wilson Bull; Oolo-

gist, Bird Lore, O. and O. and other
Ornithological magazines and Govern-
ment publications.

HAROLD H. BAILEY,
Box 112. Newport News, Va.

WANTEHED—One perfect skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
re pay cash. K. B. MATHHES, Batavia,

owen

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

VI THE OOLOGIST
THE CONDOR THE
A Magazine of Western 66 a ° 99
canine of W Blue- Bird

Is now published monthly, the
year ’round, with new and inter-
Ce xpor Ornithological Club of Califernia Sting departments, features and

contents, and
Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry 3. Swerth At No Additional Cost to
‘“‘The QOondor’’ is strictly soientific

but edited in such a way that a be- Subscribers
inner of ‘Bird Study”’’ ocaneasily un- Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird

erstand it. Lovers’ Association.
The articles in ‘‘The Oondor’’ are SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY
written by the leading Ornithologists

Published Bi-monthly by the

of the United States and are {llustrated A ipti
by the highest quality of half tones. AGE re. pervade RE
tne U ited Bigies cael 1.78 in « Forelen fen: ; | “
try. Bample Copy Sve. | “THE BLUE-BIRD,
Address °
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager, 1010 Euclid Ave.
Eagle Reck, Loe Angeles, Cal. CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this _
only if-it bears full data. ~S
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - - Assistant Curator

THE QOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS-EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No. 9. ALBION, N. Y., .Sep 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 889

or
~ Missiznen Lake, B. C. A Typical Willow Fringed Lake of This Territory.
—Photo by J. A. Munro.

We publish in this issue a number of beautiful half-tone illustrations to
illustrate the splendid article of J. A. Munro in the June and July issues.
—HEditor.

{I | THE OOLOGIST
BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS

Wanted, Exchange, Fer Sale,

serted for less than 25 cents.

Eitc., inserted in this depariment at 26 eents
for each 25 words for one issue; eaeh additional]

word 1 eent. No notiee in-

in answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, I}.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in

I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. R. M.

BARNES, Lacon, Tl.

BIRDS—Have a good list of skins
and mounted specimens for sale; also

M. J. Hofman, Taxi-

1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn,

WANTHD—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef

will pay a good
R. M. Barnes, Lacon, IIil.

~ BXCHANGE—Fine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JHWEHTT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER SLUCK. Jonesboro. Ark.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. ED-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G. B. RHGAR,
1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

W ANTEHD—One or more sets of Ae) O.

SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.

DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.

The following first class skins offer-
ed: 132, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 158,

cies. J. A. MUNRO, Okanagan Land-
ing, B. C.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange rnotiees
for nests, sKins and eggs, we would ag-
preciate it if you would arrange t
nupernis in your exehange notice
(heif numerical order, an
thea together hit and miss, as some of
our reatiers are complaining,
think justly so.

WANTED—BFEintire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNBDS, Lacon, I11.

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER. 65185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

TO EXCHANGE—A limited number
of the Famous JACOBS BIRDHOUSES
for first class sets, personally collected,
and with full data. nests needed with

some. J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynes-
burg, Pa.

FOR EXCHANGH—15 1-1; 3la 1-1;
105.2 1-1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1- 1; 116 1-1;
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 474i N-2: 475. di
486 1-5; 5838 1-3; 538 1-4; 5438 1-3;
560a N-4; 574.1 N-2;.604 1-4; 615 N-5;

Ue lal BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock, Ta-
coma, ‘Wash.

PERSONALLY COLLECTED SHETS of
7-132, 261, 273, 305, 331, 367) Th amber
ested send list. DR. ELMER LANGE-
VIN, Crookston, Minn.

FOR DISPOSAL—A large and exten-
sive collection of Birds’ Hggs from
Europe and America. Send 8c stamp
for complete list. DR. CLECKLEY’S
MUSEUM, Augusta, Ga.

WANTHD—An entire collection of
North American Birds Eggs in sets with
full data. Send full list to W. A.
STRONG, 41 Grand Ave., San Jose, Cal.

FOR EXCHANGE—A1 personally col-
lected sets of Mississippi Kite, Swain-
son’s Hawk, White-necked Raven, 5-6,
3-7, Black-crested Titmouse 1-6, and
many others. Want your complete
lists of duplicates. HE. F. POPE, Box
301, Albuquerque, N. Mex.

THE OOLOGIST.

VOL. XXXVI. No. 6. ALBION, N. Y., Sep. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 386

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill.

TAKE NOTICE.

: ’ SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December issue 1918. Other oxpiralions can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post offiee al
Albion, N. Y., under the Act ef Congress of March 3, 1879.

&

b

se

On

i @
e

d

INGEN

A

,

®
\

2)

H

wd

4+ @ OVA 8
ee } e
e

t

Lesser Snow Goose at My Home, with Blue Gander, Her Mate
Guarding the Nest. June 9, 1919.—Photo by V. Lane.

s
<7

NAN

g

WAN SA PARA

PR EEE AN EISEN ESE NE EEE NE

150

Fifty Miles by Canoe

Crookston, Minnesota, is approxi-
mately fifty miles by water down the
river from Red Lake Falls, at least
that is what the farmers say, although
overland by auto the speedometer
registers but twenty-two. A look at a
detailed map will convince one that it
is crooked and a trip by canoe that
it is swift. The Red Lake River is
the outlet of Red Lake and is the
largest stream in Northwestern Min-
nesota which drains its water into
the Red River of the North at Grand
Forks.

We left Red Lake Falls on the
afternoon of June 7, 1917 at 4:35 in
a small but well built, sea worthy
canoe, our only equipment being a
paddle each, a kodak and a recepti-
cal for any eggs we should chance to
find. The river was one continuous
rapids during that afternoon’s and
evening’s travel. We would glide
smoothly but swiftly through more
quiet waters less strewn with rocks,
but every curve necessitated the
quick action of our paddles and use
of our wits. From one crest to
another we shot through on the tops
of the highest waves just missing this
rock dodging that and possibly scrap-
ing a third, and on and on. It was
one continuous round of joy. Not un-
til our stomachs gave the never fail-
ing warning, did we realize it was
supper time. We spent a half hour
at our hurried repast anxious to get
back again to the joy of running the
rapids. During our short stop we
made a sally into the neighboring
woods in search of birds. The banks
of the river all along were steep and
occasionally perpendicular. Yellow
cliffs arose with the ever present
overhanging trees giving ideal nights
for hawks or a perch for the belted
kingfisher. Timber of oak, basswood,
ash and poplar lined the shores ex-

THE OOLOGIST

cept where some farm home and
pasture came down to the waters edge.
We saw catbirds, kingbirds, the uni-
versal, untiring song sparrow, as we
made the short circuit in the woods
close by.

Further down, the scream of a soar-
ing Broad-wing Hawk gave the evi-
dence of our proximity to its nest and
as we rounded the next bend we
sighted it in the top of the tallest
among a grove of mammoth trees. It
proved to be a basswood and so large
around at the base that the combined
reach of our outstretched arms could
not encircle it. The lowest branch
was some twenty-five feet up and al-
though we tried to reach this by
leaning a dead fallen tree against the
other we had to give it up. Towards
evening aS we were nearing,.a small
store and inland post office where we
intended to stop for the night, we
sighted a second hawk’s nest high up .
in a leaning elm. It looked like an
inhabited nest but the heads of the
family seemed to be away. For that
reason we hesitated on climbing it,
thinking perhaps if it were inhabited
the ambitious parents were away after
food. However, being disappointed
in the other nest we ran the risk and
were repaid by the discovery of two
Broadwink’s eggs.

We spent the night at Huot. P. O.
where the first road bridge spans the
river. At six o’clock we were up, and
at 6:30 on our way. Four miles by
road up the river from Crookston
there is a large concrete dam whose
power is converted into. electrical
energy and transmitted over land to
the cities of Crookston and Grand
Forks. This dam backs the water up
for miles and close to the dam has
formed a very irregular and at the
present time, a badly choked lake, for
the back waters have drowned the near
by timber of the lower lands and this

THE OOLOGIST 151

stands like a fire stripped forest in
the widening waters. Our trip from
now on required more muscle at the
upper end of the paddle until we
reached the dam and when in the
largest open body of water, we had a
head on wind to buck which is almost
disasterous to canoeing. In _ these
more quiet waters we startled a pair
of GreatBlue Heron at almost every
other bend until at last they circled
about and flew back of us up stream.
We kept our eye pealed for their nest
among the larger trees but were not
fortunate in finding it. We discovered
other inaccessible hawks’ nests. With-
out the use of climbers at least which
we did not have. We took dinner at
exactly noon at the big dam.

After portaging about the dam and
using our last film in a snap shot, of
its falling waters, we began the last
stretch of our trip. Shortly we came
upon the discovery and event of the
day. We saw a kingfisher with a
small fish in his bill dart hurriedly
into his hole in a low bank not more
than ten feet up and but a foot and a
half from the top. We have tried
many times to find an inhabited king-
fisher hole but this was our first ex-
perience and it was an interesting one.
We crawled cautiously up and thrust
a cap over the hole in hopes to catch
Mr. Kingfisher for we figured he was
taking Mrs. Kingfisher her dinner. He
made no attempt to come out. Bud
ran to the near by farm house for a
shovel while I stood guard at the
hole. Upon second thought I thought
it best not to try to catch the bird
for fear the eggs would be.broken in
his fright. So I removed the cap but
Mr. Kingfisher did not come out. We
began digging and still no appearance
of the bird. When in about a foot or
so, Bud ran his arm in but he drew
it out faster than he put it in witha
cry of pain, The bird drew blood.

This brought Mr. Kingfisher to light
and away he flew across the stream.
We kept on digging carefully lest we
should break the eggs. When in
about two and a half feet Bud thrust
his arm in again to see if he could
reach the eggs and a second surprise
brought forth another yell. Suffice it
to say, he didn’t try again. This told
us that Mrs. Kingfisher in real Bel-
gium style was still withstanding the
onslaught of the approaching Huns.
We kept on digging and when in three
and a half feet the mother bird could
get a full view of us and made a
hasty flight across the river. There
in full view was the nest the pair
were so nobly defending, a nest of
which we had ofttimes read but had
never seen. The end of the hole was
enlarged to about seven inches across
while the hole was four inches in
diameter. The sandy clay floor was
strewn with fish bones, most of them
old ones proving the hole to have
been inhabited before. On this rather
harsh bed wabbled back and forth
with heads up and mouth open, five
young Kingfishers perfectly nude
without the sign of down to protect
their tender skin which was as white
as a babys. Their big eyes were still
shut for what use had they for eyes
in such a home. There too, lay the
dinner which their father had carried
to them as we had seen him enter
the hole, a small minnow about two
and one-half inches long. Our last
film had been exposed in taking a
snap shot of the dam so we were un-
able to photograph the nest. The
sky was rapidly becoming over-cast
with storm clouds and we had to
hurry. We laid boards over the
trench which we had dug, a perfect-
ly straight one, covered the boards
with earth and hurried on to complete
our journey which took the remain-
ing time until 2:40 p. m. The actual

152

THE OOLOGIST

We Skinned the Bear in a Cloud of Mosquitoes.—Photo by J. A. Munro.

We Camped Beside a Small Creek that Lost Itself in the Swamp
—Photo by J. A. Munro,

THE OOLOGIST 158

Rock Slide in B. C.—Photo by J. A. Munro.

154 | THE OOLOGIST

running time on the trip had been
nine hours and a quarter. At Crooks-
ton we went to the garage where a
crippled auto had been left by the
writer the week before for repairs. We
loaded our canoe and that same
afternoon saw the “Stutz” back at its
old mooring and we took supper at
home, Red Lake Falls, Minn.
L. E. Healy,
Red Lake Falls, Minn.
PS ae eee eee
The New Catalog
I herewith submit the names of
those voted for and the number of
votes received by each one follows
his name.
Pacific
*J. H. Bowles, 15; *H. W. Carriger,
13; *“W. L. Dawson, 10; A. M. Inger-
soll, 7; N. K. Carpenter, 2; W. L.
Chambers, 2. The following received
one vote each: F. L. Granville, S.
G. Jewwett, J. Grinnell, H. S. Swarth,
H. A. Edwards, J. Van Denbrough,
M. S. Ray, J. Mailliard, J. H. Evans.
Intra-Mountain
*A.O. Treganza, 16; *F. C. Willard,
12; *E. F. Pope, 8; P. M. Silloway, 5;
W. C. Bradbury, 4; F. M. Dille, 3. The
following, one vote each: J. We
Sugden, J. B. Carter, A. D. DuBois,
J. Henderson, D. M. Lindsey, R. B.
Rockwell.
Western
*P, B. Peabody, 10; H. E. Wheeler,
8; *Guy Love, 4; R. Graham, 2; G. F.
Simmons, 2. Following, one vote
vote each: R. Holleman, E. Perry,
R. W. Quillan, F. B. Eastman, F. M.
Dille, T. S. Roberts, Strecker, Fitz-
patrick.
Central West
B: R: Bales, dhs, Hs Price. £2;
G. A. Abbott, 6. Following, one vote
each. O. C. Shelley, R. M. Barnes,
D. Hatch, B. F. Gault, I. E. Hess.
Central East
*R. C. Harlow, 14; *E. H. Short,

8; T. H. Jackson, 7; J: PP. Norris, gre
6; J. W. Jacobs, 5; BH. J. Courtts:38)
F. Miller, 3; S. S. Dickey, 3; Verdi
Burteh, 2; J. LL. Childs; “223 3haeere
Lattin, 2. Following, one vote each:
G. B. Benners, T. E. McMullen, T. S.
Gillin, C. W. Crandall, J. D. Kuser,
D. D. Stone, R. P. Sharples, Sikken.
~ New England

*R. I. Kiles; 8; A. C. Bent, e723 Jeeu
Thayer, 6; .-P. G. Howes, 337 J2e.
Flannagan, 2. Following, one vote
each: E. S. Coombs, C. W. Chamber-
lain, H. H. Johnson, C. W. Chase, L.
B. Bishop, F. S. Hersey, Kennard,
Wilmot.

Southern

*H. H. Bailey, 15; *O. E. Baynard,
9; *T. D. Perry, 7; A. E. Ganterw4:
G. R. Rossignol, 3; A. T. Wayne, 2;
M. T. Cleckley, 2; A. M. Bailey, 2;
H. A. Mcilhenny, 1.

Canada

*W. Raine, 9; *R. W. Puits; 77) Be
Arnold, 5; J. A. Munro, 3. Following
one vote each: W. H. Mousley, A.
D. Henderson, HE. S. Norman, P. W.
Tavernor, F. Kermode, W. E. Saund-
ers, W. J. Brown, G. F. Dippie.

R. B. Bales,
Circleville, Ohio.

The foregoing names marked with
a star (*) are duly elected members
of the committee on values. A more
representative committee could not
have been chosen. We are certain
that this committee will produce a
“Price List of North American Birds
Eggs,” that will command the con-
fidence and respect of all active
oologists.

It is now up to the committee to
proceed to organize and take up the
work at once. They owe it to the
Fraternity who have thus evidenced
its confidence in them to push the
good work along as rapidly as pos-
sible. When this committee has

done its valuation work, then this
committee must elect the final court
of last resort of three members to
pass on disputed values on which
the committee of twenty-five cannot
harmonize its judgment. Then when
all this is done and the work turned
over to the Editor of the Oologist it
is up to us to shoulder the expense
and detail of putting it in type and
book form. Let us all do vur full
duty to our fellow Oologists in this
matter, promptly, thoroughly and
cheerfully.
R. M. Barnes.
ole See ee a

Pennsylvania and New Jersey Nesting

, Data for 1918

Least Bittern, Bridesburg, Pa., June
13, 5, two-thirds incubated eggs.

Green Heron, Cape May, N. J., Jun
16, 4 pipped eggs.

_ Blacked Crowned Night Heron, Cape

May, N. J., June 16, 4 slightly incubat-
ed eggs.

Clapper Rail, Cape May, N. J., June
16, broken egg shells.

Virginia Rail, Bridesburg, Pa., June
13, 10 half incubated eggs. ~

Sora, Bridesburg, Pa., June 14, 5
pipped eggs.

Florida Gallinule, Bridesburg,
June 14, new nest.

Woodcock, Charter Oak, Pa., April
27, two fresh eggs.

Killdeer, Gwynedd Valley, Pa., June
23, one nesting.

Ruffed Grouse,
May 16, one egg.

Mourning Dove, Lemont, Pa.,
10, one fresh egg.

Sharp Shinned Hawk, LaAnna, Pa.,
June 3, a robbed nest.

Coppers Hawk, Pine Grove Mills,
Pa., May 4, 4 fresh eggs.

Red Shouldered Hawk, South Sterl-
ing, Pa., June 5, nest in which young
was raised.

Broad Winged Hawk, Charter Oak,

Pa:

Charter Oak, Pa.,

May

THE OOLOGIST 155

Pa., May 14, 2 fresh eggs.

Osprey, Cape May, N. J., June 16, 3
highly incubated eggs.

Screech Owl, State College, Pa., May
3, 3 nestlings and 1 rotten egg.
_ Yellow Billed Cuckoo, Frankford,
Pa., July 6, 4 fresh eggs.

Black Billed Cuckoo, La Anna, June
6, 3 fresh eggs.

Belted Kingfisher, La Anna, Pa.,
May 16, 4 highly incubated eggs.
Hairy Woodpecker, Charter Oak,

Pa., May 16, 4 highly incubated eggs.
Downy Woodpecker, Charter Oak,
Pa., May 23, 1 fresh (yokeless) egg.
Northern Pileated Woodpecker,
Harry’s Valley, Pa., May 17, 4 slightly
incubated eggs.

Northern Flicker, Gwynedd Valley,
Pa., July 9, 4 piped eggs.

Chimney Swift, Gwynedd Valley,
Pa., June 20, 5 slightly incubated eggs.

Ruby Throated Hummingbird, South
Sterling, June 11, 2 eggs.

Kingbird, La Anna, Pa., June 11, 2
eggs, one infertile and one half incu-
bated.

Crested Flycatcher, Gwynedd Val-
ley, Pa., June 26, 4 one third grown
young.

Phoebe, Charter Oak, Pa., May 9, 4
fresh eggs.

Acadian Flycatcher, Gladwyne, Pa.,

June 24, 3 two-thirds grown young.

Prairie Horned Lark, Masseyburg.
Pa., May 4, 4 slightly incubated eggs.

Blue Jay, Charter Oak, Pa., May 14,
4 fresh eggs.

Northern Raven, State College, Pa.,
April 28, unoccupied nest.

Crow, Gwynedd Valley, Pa., May 5,
5 fresh eggs.

Fish Crow, Seven Mile Beach, N. J.,
June 16, young birds.

Starling, Gwynedd Valley, Pa., June
20, 4 young birds.

Cowbird, Lemont, Pa., May 10, one
fresh egg in Phoebe’s nest of 3 eggs.

Red Winged Blackbird, Lemont, Pa.,
4 fresh eggs.

166 THE OOLOGIST

Meadow Lark, Gwynedd Valley, Pa.,
Aug. 21, one rotten egg.

Orchard Oriole, Gwynedd Valley,
Pa., June 20, 3 half grown young.

Baltimore Oriole, La Anna, Pa., June
9, 3 slightly incubated eggs.

Purple Grackle, Frankford, Pa., June
24, 4 one-third grown young.

Bronzed Grackle, State College, Pa.,
May 29, 4 slightly incubated eggs.

House Sparrow, Gwynedd Valley,
Pa., July 19, 5 fresh eggs.

Vesper Sparrow, Gwynedd Valley,
Pa., July 9, 3 two-thirds incubated
eggs.

Grasshoper Sparrow, State College,
Pa., May 11, half built nest.

Seaside Sparrow, Seven Mile Beach,
N. J., June 16, fledged young.

Chipping Sparrow, South Sterling,
Pa., June 1, 4 fresh eggs.

Field Sparrow, Charter Oak, Pa.,
May 22, 4 fresh eggs.

Slate-colored Junco, La Anna, Pa.,
June 9, new nest.

Song Sparrow, Pine Grove Mills,
Pa., May 9, 5 fresh eggs.

Song Sparrow, Richmond, Pa., June
13, 4 half incubated eggs.

Swamp Sparrow, Richmond, Pa.,
June 13,, 4 half incubated eggs.

Chewink, La Anna, Pa., June 4, 4
one-third incubated eggs.

Cardinal, Jordantown, N. J., June 22,
new nest.

Rose Breasted Grosbeak, Audalusia,
Pa., June 30, new nest.

Indigo Bunting, Charter Oak, Pa.,
May 27, half built nest.

Scarlet Tanager, Charter Oak, Pa.,
May 28, 2 fresh eggs.

Cliff Swallow, La Anna, Pa., May 31,
4 half incubated eggs.

Barn Swallow, La Anna,
June 4, 5 highly incubated eggs.

Tree Swallow, Peermont, N. J., June
16, 5-well grown nestlings.

Rough Winged Swallow, Lemont,
Pa., May 29, 6 fresh eggs.

N. J.,

Cedar Waxwing, La Anna, Pa., June
10, 1 fresh egg.

Red Eyed Vireo, Gariicnte een iar
June 238, 3 fresh eggs.

Warbling Vireo, State College, Pa.,
May 30, 4 fresh eggs.

Black and White Warbler,
Sterling, Pa., 5 fledged young.

Blue-winged Warbler, Bustleton, Pa.,
June 15, 1 fledging.

Golden Winged Warbler, Charter
Oak, Pa., May 25, 5 fresh eggs.

Black Throated Blue Warbler,
Shingleton, Pa., May 30, 4 fresh eges.

Magnolia Warbler, South Sterling,
Pa., June 5, 4 slightly incubated eggs.

Yellow Warbler, Charter Oak, Pa.,
May 25, 4 fresh eggs.

Blackburnian Warbler, Le Anna,
Pa., June 6, 3 slightly incubated eggs.

Black-throated Green Warbler, Char-
ter Oak, Pa., May 26, 4 fresh eggs.

Oven Bird, Charter Oak, Pa., May
25, 5 fresh eggs.

Northern Water Thrush, South
Sterling, Pa., June 1, 4 young, several
days old.

Louisiana Water Thrush, Charter
Oak, Pa., May 22, 6 vere incubated
eggs.

Kentucky Warbler, Bustleton, Pa.,
June 15, 5 fledged young.

Mourning Warbler, South Sterling
Pa., June 11, 1 infertile egg and 2 nest-
lings.

Northern Yellow .Throat, Le Anna,
Pa., June 8, 4 half incubated eggs.

Yellow Brested Chat, Charter Oak,
Pa., May 25, 4 fresh. eggs.

Hooded Warbler, Charter Oak, Pa.,
My 26, 4 fresh eggs.

Canadian Warbler, Shingleton, Pa.,
May 30, 5 fresh eggs.

Catbird, State College, Pa., May 28,
4 fresh eggs.

Brown Thrasher, Jordantown, Pa.,
June 22, 2 dead young.

Caroline Wren, Germantown, Pa.,
June 23, one infertile egg.

South

THE OOLOGIST 157

House Wren, South Sterling, Pa.,
June 1, 6 half incubated eggs.
Long-billed Marsh Wren, Brides- -

purg, Pa., June 13, 6 half incubated
eggs.

White-breasted Nuthatch, State Col-
lege, Pa., April 29, 7 fresh eggs.

Black-caped Chickadee, Charter
Oak, Pa., May 22, new nest.

Wood Thrush, Charter
May 24, 4 fresh eggs.

Robin, State College, Pa., May 10,
4 fresh eggs.

Bluebird, State College, Pa., April
28, 3 fresh eggs.

In addition to these I also found
nests of ‘Sparrow Hawk, Red-headed
Woodpecker and Purple Martin and
post-nuptial nests of Goldfinches.

Richard F. Miller.

Ninety-five species is a truly won-
derful record for one season and
shows high class field ability——Hditor.

(OLE Se nee
The Song of the Mockingbird

I trust the following short notes will
be of some interest to readers of this
magazine, at least to those who are
not familiar with the song of the
Mockingbird.

As there was no celebration this 4th
of July, very near my home town, I
decided to spend the day along the
Mississippi River, so donning my hik-
ing clothes, and loadins; my camera
with plates I started out with my
camera and binoculars, to shoot game.

When about one mile from the river,
I struck a long stretch of barren
wastes of sand bottom, and in spite
of a three speed bicycle, and my deter-
mination, I was forced to push my
cycle through the most of it, thus mak-
ing slow time.

A.-short distance ahead of me I
heard the familiar notes of the nut-
hatch, coming from a nearby thicket.
My curiosity was instantly aroused,
for I thought it unusual for a nuthatch

Oak, .Pa.,

to be so far from the deep woods.
Then issuing from the same thicket,
was the clear, savage “kee lee, kee
lee’ of the sparrow hawk. Something
must be wrong! My curiosity was
aoubly roused now, and upon investi-
gation an innocent looking mocking-
bird flew out.

He now proceeded to hold me spell-
bound for an hour by his varied songs.
In exceptionally clear tones, the cardi-
nal song was given, followed by the
harsh notes of the shrike, both notes
characteristic of the migrant shrike
being given. Then a soft, mellow
whistle of the bob-white was -heard,
followed shortly by the familiar “yank,
yank” of the nuthatch. Both notes of
the nuthatch were given, always fol-
lowing each other.

This bird evidently had frequented
some farmyard while wintering down
south, for it gave the exact, noisy
notes of the guinea fowl, invariably
followed by the call of a chicken, when
lost from the mother hen. This char-
acteristic of its uttering the various
notes of common use by any bird, in
succession was very noticeable inthe
case of the blue jays’ song. First it
gave the “jay, jay” call, then the ‘de
lillet, de lillet,’ followed by the scream
of the red tailed hawk, so often used
by the jay.

In almost every case the mocking
bird’s rendering of the different songs,
was clearer, and more distinct than
when uttered by the bird of which the
notes are characteristic. My notes
show the following songs, as given in
five minutes: both notes of the cat-
bird, the twitter of the wren, the wild
notes of the kingbird, the rolling song
of the martin, and the call of the red-
headed woodpecker. This was _ fol-
lowed by the beautiful warble of the
warbling vireo, only to be spoiled by
the “wit whit, wit whit” of the crested
flycatcher, given in strong language.

158 THE OOLOGIST

The chickadee’s songs of ‘“‘pewe” and
“chickadeee,”’ after which the _ blue-
bird’s “purity” was heard. Had this
bird lived near some body of water?
I was startled by the “peet weet, peet
weet” of the sandpiper. This was fol-
iowed by the peculiar notes of the
cuckoo. The meadow lark’s “spring
o’ the year” was repeated in rapid suc-
cession, as well as the resonant notes
of the red-bellied woodpecker. Only
once did he give the “wicki’” of the
flicker. These songs were filled in
by the mockingbird’s own song, which
is so varied it cannot be described
readily.

This bird captured a good many in-
sects, always after them with wild
guinea fowl accompaniment. He al-
ways flew to a small brush pile, after
capturing the insect, so I proceeded
to investigate. He gave some harsh
“peat it, beat it,” in titmouse language
and flew to a nearby telephone wire.
A careful search failed to reveal any-
thing of interest so I hid in some weed
and waited. He flew down to the same
spot and strutted around like a setting
hen, uttering the most wild notes
imaginable. I went back to the brush
pile, and tore it to pieces, but found
nothing.

His mate was evidently brooding
nearby but any amount of my conceal-
ing myself, would not fool him to be-
tray the nest. I searched carefully in
the nearby stunted locust trees, but
found no indications of the nest. In
nesting, this bird shows a decided pre-
ference to locust trees here in this lo-
eality: What an hear 1 had had! I
had heard twenty-two distinct bird
songs from the same throat, rendered
in beautiful tones. How I envy those
nature lovers living in the Southern
states. Well does this bird deserve

it’s name of “Mimus Polyglottos!”
Perhaps it will not be improper to
walking

mention here that while

through the thick woods of the islands
in the river, I saw a beautiful speci-
men of partially albino crow. It hada
pure white tail, wings, and most of its
head, with a black body, showing pep-
pering of white. It was having a sorry
time of it, for the rest of the “gang”
seemed to think it was there for its
special pleasure. A blue jay, white,
excepting its wings, was also observed,
and was a most beautiful specimen.
Theodore R. Greer,
Aledo, Illinois.

Reveille

Old Time .

300 CAR WINIE® arhele tie American Bittern
3:10 “ ° w..iaes.. os) PURSE iagies
Sto. Dyite ob Catbird
ey Me aR MC 2 os sp American Robin
Seip eae eae Baltimore Oriole
3:36 OG UG as ee English Sparrow
BOS Al ae ea ee eee House Wren
AAO. int Reece ata eee Mourning Dove

Taps
6234°P) Me A ee Song Sparrow
Oe eS Oh See Red Eyed Vireo
GAS ON a a Ca Grackle
6:49 BON UO OR aoe cee ae Mourning Dove
6250). —* ..Redheaded Woodpecker
GA SP ene Sk te mice Baltimore Oriole
etl | ia RE ore | SC. House Wren
TS 26! ee aids os ee ee Catbird
LOO he et Lee ment eee Purple Marten
7h 5 5 Pmt ae Ri A co American Robin

Geo. W. Vos Burgh,

Columbus. Wis.
+ tgs sr
WANTED

A capable young man full of pep and
energy who knows a bit about cooking
and is used to roughing it and willing
to take the bitter with the sweet in
the wilds to start early next Spring
for a canoe trip to tle head waters

of the Peace River and down through
the Great Slave Lake. He must be

able to furnish his personal equipment.
R. M. Barnes.

THE OOLOGIST

After Twenty-five Years

By H..H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Maine
-Today, June 10, 1919, I made a visit
to one of my old haunting grounds.
This marsh once a mowing field, was
caused by the backing up of water
from a dam. The place where, in my
youth, I did most of my fall haunting,
finding there many ducks. Black
Ducks, Pintail, Mallard, Scoters, Blue
and Green-winged Teal. Also if the
water be low, many Wilson Snipe and
the various shore birds. Pectoral,
Least, Semipalmated, Solitary and
Spotted Sandpipers, Greater and Les-
ser Yellow-legs, some of them in
flocks of hundreds. The Marsh
Hawks, American Bittern, Blue Herons
were common, Pied-billed Grebe were
there, also the Red-winged Blackbird
and what we then called and I still be-
lieve to be the Purple Grackles in
flocks. How vividly I recall how my
nerves would jump with excitement
when Jack Snipe would suddenly rise
from under my feet with a cry of
“scape, scape” and many did; zigzag-
ging first to the right, then to the left
and so away safely, when, had he held
to the right and like the Irishman’s
bird, been where I shot, he would
have been a dead Snipe. Sometimes
I have watched their flight after a
miss and after flying nearly out of
sight the Snipe would return to alight
near where I had flushed the bird, be-
fore alighting. The Wilson Snipe does
not hold this zigzag course only a few
rods but soon straightens out in direct
flight. Again five or six would start
up one after the other and from all
sides with that saucy “scape” keeping
my nerves leaping until I nearly had
the St. Vitus dance. In alighting the
Snipe does not skim down gradually
to the earth but drops almost directly
down. There were not many ducks
on the marsh in the middle of the day,
most of them except the Teal spend-

159

ing the day in the out away portions
of the pond, the sloughs and flooded
swamps around about. The duck
shooting consisted mainly of one tak-
ing a position or stand and awaiting
for them to fly in at sundown. A place
among the standing trees of the flood-
ed swamps being the best, the ducks
coming in one or twos, no flocks, and
was all wing shooting. Thus with the
help of the snipe and ducks I became
in time a fair wing shot. In the breed-
ing season this marsh and the sloughs
around about became the nesting sites,
of scattered Black Ducks, numerous
Pied-billed Grebes, American Bittern,
many Red-winged Blackbirds, Purple
Grackles, Tree Swallows, Kingbirds
and a few Rails.

Today I found the marsh much
changed, where once it was marsh
grass with solid footing, the cattails
and other water grasses fill the space
forming a mat on top of the water,
but which allows one to sink down at
each step, making it hard walking. The
birds were conspicuous by their ab-
sence. Where in former years I would
have found a hundred pair of Red-
winged Blackbirds nesting, today I
found six nests, three with four eggs,
one with two eggs, one which con-
tained four eggs, but had been des-
troyed by something making holes in
two, the other unharmed nest desert-
ed and one completed nest but without
eggs.

All of these nests were made of
fine marsh grass and situated in the

cattails. Of the Grackles I noted
none. Kingbirds, one pair, no nest
found. The stubs where the Tree

Swallows nested are all gone in thar
locality, thus no nests were found
though a few of the birds were noted.
A Tree Swallow which has a nest near
my home, using a hollow top rail of a
pasture fence, has built a nest of fine
grasses lined with feathers, some of

160 THE OOLOGIST

which must have been brought from
a distance of half a mile at least,
since they are white hen feathers and

we have no white hens here on the

place. The nest contained two eggs
this morning. This hollow rail has
been used yearly as a nesting site for
a pair of Tree Swallows, if not the
same pair for a number of years. The
pair using it this year are very tame
as I have noticed when driving my
cattle to and from the pasture each
day. But to return to the marsh. I
flushed a Black Duck and a pair of
Bitterns, but found no nest though }%
made a thorough search in that vi-
cinity. A pair of each would be all
I should expect to find in a marsh of
the size of this, as these birds are ex:
clusive during the breeding season.
Also a pair of Great Blue Herons were
noted. I flushed one rail, but am un-
able to tell of what species as Ihad
only a glimpse of the bird and am not
familiar enough with the rails. I at
once instituted a search for the nest.
After some time I found a nest of the
rail of an earlier date, which had met
with an accident. Supposedly this nest
had been built when the water was
higher on the marsh, afterward the
water dropping somewhat and the nest
being then over a foot out of the
water became top-heavy causing it to
cant enough to allow the eggs to roll
out into the grass and water below.
This nest as I found it was somewhat
over a foot in height and six inches
across the top, built of coarse and
fine marsh grass mixed together fora
foundation. The nest proper composed
of the finer grasses. It was situated
in the center of an open clump of six
willow bushes, which were about three
feet in height.

Although the bushes held the nest
from falling flat, yet were not of
sufficient strength to prevent it tip-
ping enough to allow the eggs to fail

out. I found eight eggs somewhat
bleached by the water, but not
broken, in the grass at the foot ofthe
nest. A nest of the Carolina Rail found
on this same marsh July 22, 1894 con-
tained five eggs which average 1.26 x
85. Nest composed of dried meadow
grass, in saucer form (similar to the
one mentioned above) placed in a tus-
sock of grass. Of the Grebes I
neither saw or heard any, while on
the marsh. The Pied-bill Grebes in
former times were plentiful on the pond
during the breeding season. In the
year 1894 I found two nests on the
marsh, each containing seven eggs,
one of which I will give the descrip-
tion of, from my notes made at the
time. This nest was found May 31st,
situated at the edge of the marsh in
the water about up to my knees; a
floating nest about as large as a half
bushel basket and nearly all I could
lift and carry. It consisted of grass,
roots, reeds and cat-tails, most of
which were decaying. The cavity
was 41% inches wide by 1 inch deep,
holding the eggs barely out of the
water. The eggs were covered up by
decaying vegetation very nicely and
could hardly be noted and were warm
from the fermentation and heat of
the sun. June 9, 1895 I found a nest
of the Grebe which contained two un-
covered eggs, and around in the
water one young Grebe just hatched,
the description of, taken at the time
I will give. Pied-bill Grebe, young;
back black with six white stripes
down the same, the black broadest;
bill tipped with white (the horn like
substance on newly hatched fowls and
birds) with a dark stripe around the
bill back of the white, (Samuels in

Birds of New England, in his descrip-
tion of the young says, “bill without
transverse black band’). White sup-
ciliary line with a narrow stripe of
black underneath; top of head black

THE OOLOGIST 161

with a center patch of chestnut; nape
black; belly white. Bird in the downy
plumage. These little fellows dive
by putting their heads under the
water and swimming along with all
the rest of the body on top. Later I
again made a visit to this nest and
found the mother Grebe on the nest,
she allowing me to approach within
four feet before she left it; one more
egg was hatched. This is the only time
I ever succeeded in finding a Grebe
incubating.
ee
Oology Under Difficulties

When one goes to war, hobbies are
forgotten and put aside with all the
other comforts and acustomed ways
of the days that were. So when I en-
listed in the fall of 1917, my egg tools
were laid away with my civilian
clothes and I wondered if I ever were
destined to take another set again.
Fate proved kind to me, however.

Originally in the 20th Engineers I
was transferred while going across on
the transport to the 10th Engineers,
and after a week in a casual camp at
Bloise, I finally ended my long jour-
ney in a logging camp in southern
France, near the little town of Pon-
tunx. All this occurred in the winter
months, and by the time spring ar-
rived I had become familiar with the
country in which I found myself and
realized that situated as I was in the
Pine Woods of France I could well
take up collecting again, and so pass
away the little leisure I had. Pleas-
antly and profitably a book on the or-
nithology of France, written in French,
and a good dictionary had assisted
me in learning the names of the birds
that I saw but I could find little infor-
mation on the breeding habits of the
various species. So at first I made
many mistakes and wasn’t as success-
ful as I might have been. The Long
Tailed Tit was plentiful and owing

to its name and its characteristic ac-
tions I thought it nested in cavities of
trees with the result that not until the
28th of April did I find my first nest,
with young. This somewhat to my
Surprise and to my great interest was
a large ball of moss, lined with
feathers and covered externally with
lichen and with the entrance at the
side. It was twenty feet from the
ground saddled in a crotch of a Cork
Oak at the side of the road and was
found by seeing the bird go to it. On
the 12th of May, however, I found my
first set of fresh eggs, four of the
Chaffinch. The nest was fifteen feet
from the ground, in a crotch against
the branch of a large Cork Oak at the
side of the road. It was made of
green moss, lined with soft grass,
feathers and horse hair and covered
well externally with lichens.

The Chaffinch is one of the most
abundant birds of southern France and
in the next month and a half I came
across three other nests similar in
Situation and construction to the
first. The last found, July 7, held four
incubated eggs. j

The Green Woodpecker similar in
almost every respect to our Flicker
was the next to succumb to my efforts
and on May 26, I took a nice set of
six fresh eggs. I had found his nest
the week before and when I returned
to it I noticed at once that some one
else had been ahead of me and en.
larged the hole considerably. -Not be-
ing able to get my hand in it, how-
ever, I decided to enlarge it a little
on my own account with satisfactory
results as far as I was concerned.
Seemingly a Frenchman had attempt-
ed to secure some eggs for breakfast
but had lacked the necessary per-
severence. Knowing the peasants as
I do now, I felt that that was prob-
ably the case for in France nothing is
done without due deliberation and de-

162

lay. In this case the result of delay
should have been realized and avoid-
ed in the future but I doubt it.
Owing to working six days a week
and drilling the seventh, ornith.ogy
was temporarily neglected and it was
not until the 12th of June that I was
able again to ramble about. On that
day, however, I secured a nice set of
four Chimney Swallows’ from under
the eaves of a railroad station. These
birds are so similar in appearance,
actions and notes to our Barn Swal-
lows that I doubt if several were
turned loose in this country that any-
one would recognize them for what
they were. Their nests were the same
bowl shaped structures of pellets of
mud and grass with the lining of
grasses and feathers, but I found
them almost entirely on the outside of
buildings, under the eaves and not in-
side. Two broods are reared each

year and it was the second brood that:

suffered at my hands, young being on
the wing by the first of June. Al-
together four nests were found, the
second on the 27th of June with five

fresh eggs, the third on the 10th of.

July with three slightly incubated and
the last on the 12th of July with four
practically fresh eggs.

House Martins proved to be abund-

ant during the summer months, each

town having its quota and I found
them very interesting birds. In ap-
pearance they resemble the ‘Tree
Swallows, but had a white rump. In
nesting habits, however, they are
startling and different, for they build
a nest resembling in every respect
that of our Cliff Swallows. These are
plastered under the eaves of buildings,
usually three or four together, and be-
ing in towns were a hard proposition
to get at. My vocabulary wasn’t ex-
tensive enough to explain to the oc-
cupants of a house why I desired to
get to their roof and rob a bird’s nest,

THE OOLOGIST

and I wasn’t particularly anxious any-
how to attract the attention. I knew I
would if I attempted this in daylight.
Anything an American soldier did was
of absorbing interest to the people,
and an action such as I contemplated
would, I know, cause a gathering of
all the inhabitants within a consider-
able distance. Fortunately there were
several nests under the eaves of the
railroad station and it was possible
by clinging to the ornate structure of
this building to get them. So at day-
light on the 1t4h of June, before any-
one was out of bed, I made an attempt
and the one nest I was able to reach
held to my great satisfaction four
fresh eggs.

On the 18th of June, while crossing
a slashing in the woods, I flushed a
Nightjar, the goatsucker of Hurope,
from two fresh eggs this ended my
collecting for the year of 1918. These
eggs laid on a bed of pine bark aé the
foot of a briar, and were typical of
this family, being white, handsomely
marked with lilac and brown.

Collecting seemed to me, at first, to
be the least of my difficulties for
there still remained the necessity of
blowing them and making good speci-
mens of them. I pondered long over
this matter and in the end succeeded
beyond my modest expectations. Using
a hat pin as a drill, concerning which
no personal questions will be answered.
and my pipe stem as a blow pipe, I
was able to clean the eggs thoroughly,
and through a hole small enough to
satisfy the most exacting ooiogist.
There still remained the task of pack-
ing them securely and getting them
safely home but this was an easy mat-
ter and now I have a small number
personally taken sets of EHuropean
birds to remind me of my fourteen

‘months with the A. E. F.

Thos. D. Burleigh,
Pittsburgh, Pa.

THE OOLOGIST 168

NOTES ON THE BOB-WHITE

Colinus virginianus virginianus

For illustrations accompanying this
article see The Oologist, Vol XXXII,
No. 12, December 1915.

Ten years ago, before that mad rush
of “Suburban Homers” had spread
themselves and their dwellings over
the fields, surrounding what was then
the little town of Stamford, quail were
abundant.

One heard their familiar whistle
echoing back and forth across the
fields from dawn until sunset through-
cut the spring, summer and fall. In
winter little groups of them would
gather about the barn yards, oc-
casionally becoming confident enough
to feed along with the chickens.
Others would make their winter quar-
ters in the fields where stacks of
corn, left standing, provided ample
food and shelter. Indeed, one knew
Bob-white almost as well as the Robin
or Bluebird, during these years before
the fields and thickets were trans-
formed into suburban towns, with
electric lights, cement sidewalks and
near-artistic homes.

The Quail diminished as rapidly as
the improvement idea gained head-
way. Their haunts became infested
with a think against which they could
not fight successfully. The fields in
which they had always nested were
turned into lawns, their winter shelt-
ers disappeared, more hunting licenses
were issued as the population in-
crease and the Quail vanished.

For several years I no longer heard
those familiar call notes, they were
gone I supposed, for good.

Not only did they disappear from
their old haunts close to the town,
but even back in the country, where
conditions are as primitive as they

were fifty years ago, they were also
scarce.

A few years later, in 1911, I was
surprised and delighted to find some
of the birds breeding close to Stam-
ford, in some of the fields that were
left, and since that season they have
increased almost as rapidly as they
disappeared.

There seems to have been a general
readjustment to the new conditions
and wherever there were fields of
standing grass during 1913, there were
also Quail. This I attribute to the
fact that almost everywhere, people
are at last learning the value of con-
servation.

The spring and summer of 1913 in
this part of the country, were ideal
for all species of birds. There were
no cold continued rains in the breed-
ing season nor was there a decided
drouth as there often is in August.
The entire season was even and per-
fect and probably more nestlings
were successfully reared to maturity
during 1913 than in any previous
season for many years.

What is even more important, up
to the present writing, (Feb. 1, 1914)
we have had an extremely open win-
ter with very little snow, none ofthe
sleet storms, so disastrous to winter
bird life, and with a few exceptions
comparatively high temperatures.

Another month will see the first
spring thaws, and if we have good
weather until that time, the Quail
will have experienced the most ideal
twelve months in a long span of years.

I am hoping for a great increase in
breeding pairs, during the coming
season, and feel sure that no dis-
appointment awaits me.

In passing from the above rough
outline of the Quails past and pos-
sible future, it may be of interest to
some of the Oologist readers to know
the proper manner of feeding Quail

164 THE OOLOGIST

in winter. A great many birds may
be saved in severe weather by the
following simple method and I there-
fore describe it at length.

Several poles are first cut, about
five feet long and of convenient
diameter. These should be pushed in-
to the ground, a foot or so apart, and
in a circle, three or four feet in
Ciameter. The tops of the poles are
now brought together and firmly
bound, so that the whole resembles
the frame of a small tepee. Corn
stalks are now bound to the frame-
work so that it makes a warm hollow
shelter, resembling a corn stack. Grain
may be placed upon the ground in-
side, but a better plan is to build four-
sided hollow shutes of bark slabs,
with a tray to contain the grain, at
cne end. The shute may then be
pushed through the tepee from the
outside. The advantage of this idea
is that the grain may be put into the
tepee through the shute at any time,
without disturbing the birds, who
might be snowed in.

Such shelters may be placed about
the borders of fields that are surround-
ed by woods and in other places like-
ly to be visited by the birds in win-
ter.

The situation usually chosen by the
birds for the nest, is in a hay field,
often close to a wall or fence. In my
experience it has never been com-
posed of material, other than dead
grasses, beautifully cupped to the
contour of the females body.

The pure white eggs vary in num-
ber from ten to seventeen and owing
to their conical shape fit closely to-
gether, thus allowing the parent to
cover so large a number.

A nest found on July 29th, 1913, at
Long Ridge, Conn. containing seven-
teen eggs, was placed in a slight hol-
low at the foot of a juniper bush in a
field of worn out hay. The mower,

hay-rake and a team of horses in turn
passed over the sitting bird without
sO much as damaging one of her
feathers!

The slight hollow in which the nest
had been built, undoubtedly was the
only thing that saved the fearless
little bird and her nest.

Only three of the eggs in this nest
latched. The chicks came forth on
the 8th and 9th of August and left
the nest on the following day.

Upon examination in my laboratory,
of the remaining eggs, one was found
to be addled and the rest either con-
tained decomposing, well formed em-
bryos, or chicks too weak to break
through the shell.

It is my opinion that the eggs be-
came so thoroughly chilled before the
bird finally returned to the nest, after
being flushed, that the chicks could
not survive the shock.

During my visits to the nest to ob-
tain photographs, the male was only
observed once, and then at some dis-
tance. It is of course possible that
this bird had nothing to do with the
nest in question at all, but I presume
that it was the male. It remained at
a distance, occasionally calling.

The young are beautiful little buff
and brown creatures and are very ac-
tive, even before the down is entirely
dry. Their call note is a weak little
“Peep” characteristic of the young of
the Gallinaceous birds, and I oc-
casionally discovered their where-
abouts in a field, after flushing the
parent, by listening intently with one
ear close to the ground. It is almost
impossible to locate them in any other
way, except by chance, once they
have left the nest. Their coloring is
a protection in itself to say nothing
of their hiding abilities and minute
size.

It is fascinating to go back day af-
ter day to the Quail field and tramp

about until the old bird is flushed,
then to listen for that scarcely aud-
ible “Peep,” “Peep” of the little fel-
lew! They do not move far during
the first few days of existence and
one is pretty safe in supposing that
they are in the nesting field. They
are such wonderful little creations,
one is drawn back many times for
that last sight of them. I remember
how I found myself going back tothe
field day after day in the early morn-
ing—dawn—you know the time, and
the sensation; when the Robins are
just beginning to call?

I am not prepared to tell more here,
as my data are as yet meagre, but I
am looking forward to the coming
season and the nesting of the Quail
with eagerness, when perhaps fortune
will favor my notebook.

Paul G. Howes.
{a eee
Books Received

“Spencer Fullerton Baird, a_bio-
graphy including selections from his
correpondence with Audubon and
others, by William Healey Dall, Am.
DCS with 19 illustrations, Philadel-
phia and London, J. P. Lippincott &
Company.”

This contribution to the biography
of one of America’s most eminent
scientists is a well gotten up 460 page
review of the life of this splendid
man. Chapters are devoted—1 to
Geneological Family notes; 2 Child-
hood & Youth; 3 Life at Carlisle; 4
The Young Professor; 5 Smithsonian
Institution; 6 Life in Washington;
7,1850 to 1865; 8, 1865 to 1878; 9
The Secretary 1878 to 1887; 10 The
United States National Museum; 11
United States Commission of Fish
and Fisheries; 12 Appreciations. And
in these various chapters the history
of Spencer Fullerton Baird is followed
through his entire life; much new
and interesting matter is produced

THE OOLOGIST 165

and much other matter relating to
this scientific is presented in a new
light.

Professor Dall is to be congratulat-
ed upon the thoroughness with which
he has covered this subject. To all
bird men and students of American
Ornithology Baird is a sort of God-

father and we are certain, they will

be pleased with this addition relating
to his useful life.
CASSINIA—“‘Proceedings of the
Deleware Valley Ornithological Club
of Philadelphia 1918 issued April
1919.” No publication that comes to
the desk of the Editor is received witb
more pleasure than Cassinia,; first,
because it deserves it, second, because
without being able to explain why, we
have formed a feeling for this publi-
cation, a sort of personal attachment.
This present issue No. XXII contains
further notes on the Biography of
John Cassin—Observations of Dan-
daeris Hesselius on the National His-
tory of Deleware during the years
1711-24—-Activities of the D. V. O. C.—
Report on the Spring Migration of
1918. This latter is compiled by
Whitmore Stone and is a very care-
ful resume of the subject—Abstract
of the proceedings of the D. V. O. C.
ter 1918—Club notes—a Bibliography
1918 and a list of the officers and
members of this Club. While not as
large as former issues, the standard
of excellence both mechanically and
scientifically heretofore attained by
this publication is well sustained in
this issue.
’ CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
Vol 5 Number 2, Sacramento, Cali-
fornia, April 1919. This is one ofthe
really useful publications received by
the Editor and is filled from cover to
cover with suggestions for the con-
servation of wild life, game, birds and
fish and

contains many desirable

166

short notes.
visitor.

“The birds of the Tambelan Islands,
South China,” by Harry C. Oberholser
among proceedings of the United
States National Museum, Vol. 55,
pages 129-143.

“Notes on the Wrens of the Genius
Nannus Billberg” same, pages 223, 236.

It is always a welcome

THE OOLOGIST

“Notes on birds collected by Dr. W.
L. Abbott on Pulo Taya Berhala
Strait, South Eastern Sumatra,” same,
pages 267-274.

The above are three technical
papers dealing with the birds of the
locations therein named and are of
interest to those studying birds in
those far away localities.

MAGAZINES WANTED

I will pay the highest prices for any one of the following back numbers of

these publications.

Agassez Bulletin. Buffalo, N. Y.,
1885. All except Vol. I, No. 5.
The A. A. Bulletin, Gilman,

Ill.,
1890, Vol I, No. 3.

The Agassi Record, Oskaloosa, Ia.,
1888, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

American Magazine of Natural
Science, 1892-8, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6;
Volk Tk No. ft.

The Agassiz Companion, Wyondotte
Ks., 1886, Vol. I, all but No. 2;Vol. 11,
all but 3-5-6-10; Vol. III, all but 1-5-10-
11-12.

Amateur Naturalist, Ashland, Maine,
1903-6, Vol.I, all; Vol II, all; Vol. III,
all except Nos. 1 and 4.

Bear Hill Advertiser, Stoneham,
Mass., 1903, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 3, and
all after No. 4.

American Osprey,
1890, Vol. I, No. 6.

The Buckeye State Collector, Ports-
mouth, O., 1888, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6.

Ashland, Ky.,

Bulletin of the Oologists Assn.,
Omaha, Nebr., 1897. All except No. I,
Vol

..California Traveller and Scientists,
1891-2, Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol.
II, all except No. 3 and all later issues.

The Collector, West Chester, Pa.,
1891, Vol. 1, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 1-2-3.

The Collector, Des Moines,
Vol. II, all except Nos. 6-7-8.

Collectors Journal, Fayetteville, Ia.,
1901, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Collectors Monthly, Newburg,
IN: -Y.., £393, Vols I. INos., 2-3-4.

Collectors Notebook, Camden, N. Y.,
1903-4, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 2 and 6.

The Curio, Benson, Maine, Vols. I,
De Ee Ne Vale

Collectors Monthly, Philadelphia,
Pa., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 1.

1882,

If you have any of them write me at once.

R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III.

The Collectors Monthly, Oakland,
Calif., 1911. All published except Nos.
2, 3 and 4 of Vol. I.

The Curio Exchange, New Kamilche,
Wash., 1901-2, Vol. I, No. 4 and Vol.
II, 3 and all after.

Empire State Exchange, Water Val-
ley, N. Y., 1889, Vol. I, all except Nos.
1-5-10; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1 and 2;
Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-3-4; Vol. IV,
all except 1-2-3-4.

The Exchange, Quendota, IIl., 1889,
Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 4. .

The Exchange, Adrian, Mich., 1885,
Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5.

The Exchangers Monthly, Vol. IV,
complete, 1888.

Exchanger and Collector and Ex-
changers Aid, 1885, Canaijohorie, N.
Y., all except Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2.

Forest and Field, Gillertville, N. Y.,
1892, all except Vol I, Nos. 1 and 5.

Golden State Scientist, Riverside,
Calif., 1886, Vol. I, No. 1. The Sup-
pressed copy.

The Guide to Nature Study and
Nature Literature, Stanford, Conn.,
Vol. I, No. 12; Vol. II, all after No. 7;
Vol. Illl, IV, V; Vol. IV, Nosaators
and No. 10. Also issues of March,
Nov. and Dec. 1909 and from Jan. 1910
to Dee. 1913, inclusive and March 1914
and July 1915 to Jan. 1916 inclusive.

The Hummer, Nebraska City, Neb.,
1899-1900, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

lowa Ornithologist, Salem, Ja., 1895-
7, Vol. IV, No. 3.

Kansas City Naturalist, Kansas
City, Mo., 1886-91, Vol. 5, No. 10.

The Kansas’ Naturalist,. Topeka,
Ks., 1902, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Maine O. and O., Garland, Me.,
1890-1, Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-12; Vol. II, No.
af
The Naturalist, Kansas City, Mo.,

THE OOLOGIST

1890, Vols. I, II, III and Vol. IV except
Nos. 6-8 and 10.

The Natural History Collectors
Monthly, 1893, Vol. I, except Nos. 1-2-
3-4.

The Naturalists Companion, Branch-
mort, IN. Y., 1885, ,Vol. I, No. 1.

The Naturalists Journal, Frankfort,
and Phila., Pa., 1884, Vol. I, Nos. 4
and 7; Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3-4.

Nature Study Review, Chicago, II1.,
All issues prior to No. 45; also Nos.
46, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 72, 74, 98, 94and
7.

The Observer: 1889-1917, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 1-2-3-6; Vol. II, all except
No. 3; Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-45-6-
7;Vol. IV, all except Nos. 2-3; Vol. V,
Nos. 6-8-9-10-12; Vol. VI, Nos. 2-7-10-12;
Vol. VII, Nos. 10-12; Vol. VIII, all ex-
cept No. 4.

Ohio Naturalist, Ohio State Univer-
sity, 1889-1895, Vols. I-IJ-II] and Vol.
IV, No. 5 and all later issues.

The Old Curiosity Shop, Vol. IX,
No. 6.

The Oologist and _ Botanist,
Moines, Ia., Vol. II, Nos. 3-4-5.

The Oologist Advertiser, Danilsville,
Conn., 1889-90, Vol. I, No. 1.

The Ornithologist, Twin Bluffs, Wis.,
1885, Vol. 1, No. 1.

The Oregon Naturalist,
Ore, 1891, Vol.. Ii, No. 7.

The Owl, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6,
Niel, 1, -all;. Vol. II, all except. Nos. 1
and 2; Vol. III, all except No. 2.

The Stormy Petrel, Quendota, IIl.,
1890, Vol. I, Nos. 2 and 6

The Taxidermist, Hyde Park, Mass.,
1907-14, all after Vol. II, No. 7.

The Valley Naturalist, St. Louis,
No. 1878, all except Vol. I, No. 1.

The Weekly Oologist and Philatlest,
all published except Vol. I, No. 2 and
Vol. Il, No: 2.

The Western Naturalist, Topeka,
Ks., 1903, all issues except Vol. I, No.
1

Des

Eugene,

The Western Naturalist, Quadison,
Wis., 1887-8, Vol. I, Nos. 7-9-10; Vol.
II, Nos. 1-5-6.

The West American Scientist, San
Diego, Calif., 1885 to 1902, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 5-9-11; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 15-21; Vol. III, all except Nos. 27-
31; Vol. IV, all except Nos. 43-47-53;
Vol. VI, Nos. 61. Vol. VIII, 66-68-69-70-
71--72-73 and all after No. 139 except
No. 158.

The Wisconsin Naturalist, Milwau-

III

kee, Wis., Vol. I,, all except Nos. 5-6;
All of Vols. IJ-IJJ-IV and V; all of Vol.
VI except No. 1; all of Vol. VII except
Nos. 77 and 78; all of Vol. VIII except
Nos. 79-81-82; all of Vol. IX except
Nos. 87-88-89-90.

The Young Collector, Des Moines,
Ia., 1881-2, all issues except Vol. I,
No. 41; and Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3.

The Young Naturalist, Galesburgh,
ll., 1884, Vol. I, all except Nos. 1-4-5.

The Young Ornithologist, Boston,
Mass., 1885, Vol. I, No. 10.

SPOT CASH—I will buy entire col-
lections of birds’ eggs and send lists.

B. R. BALHS, 149 W. Main St., Circle-
ville, Ohio.
WANTEHED—Eges of Waders’ and

Shore Birds. Send list of what you have
to dispose of for cash. B. R. BALES,
M.D., 149 W. Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

HXTRAORDINARY OFFER—Exten-
sive Collection of First Class sets, Sin-
gles, Nests Data for Disposal. Make
offer. Enclose 2 cent stamp for reply.
American and Huropean Specimens.
DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St.,
Augusta, Ga.

TO EXCHANGE — Singles
data, at half rates, for sets: A. O.
44, ‘iol 182, 206, 217, 218,. 258, 261, 297,
300c, 368, 372, TAGE. 748a, and many
others. i H. BOWLES The W oodstock,
Tacoma, Wash.

FOR SALH—30 sets of Red Shoulder

without

Hawks. Sets of 2, 3, 4, at 12c per egg.
30 sets Crow sets, 4 to 7 each, at 4c
per egg. Good datas. Remit 10c for

postage with each order. RANDALL
M. SNOW, Arlington Heights, Mass.

FOR SALE —Stevens Taxidermist’s
gun, 18 inch barrel. Price $6.00 CHAS.
F. CARR, New London, Wis.

W ANTED—Reed’s—“‘The Bird Book”;
Beebe’s “Two Bird Lovers in Mexico,”
Ornithological books of Tropics. CLYDE
D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio

WILL TRADE “Birds of the North-
west” for “Game Birds of U. 8S.” Can
supply most birds of Northwest. STAN-
TON WARLENTEN, Jr.

TO. HXCHANGE FOR HGGS IN SHTS
—22nd Annual Report Indian Dept. of
Geology and Natl. Resources, 1897; 1197
pages.

Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin, Chas.
B. Cory, 1909, Field Museum of Natl.
Histology; 764 pages.

Michigan Bird Life, Barrows, 1912,
Mich. Agricultural College; 822 pages.

Bird Life; Frank M. Chapman, Edi-
tion in colors, 1898.

Hand Book, Birds of Hastern North
America, Frank M. Chapman; 431 pages.

The Warblers of North America,
Chapman, 1907.

GERARD ALAM ABBOTT,
City Manager,
Otsego, Michigan.

IV THE OOLOGIST

THE OOLOGIST’S SPECIAL CLUBBING OFFERS FOR 1920
The following offers are made by Special Arrangement and we cannot guar-
antee prices for more than 30 days. Place your order now and take advantage
of these Bargains. Subscriptions may commence with any issue desired.

PRE sOOlOSAS <. cd S ee FR ee hh $ .50
American Magazime@s. : .) ss: shore oe 2.00
Woman’s Home Companion...... 2.00
Publisher's «Price. a: . sasecsa wus oe $4.50
AN soy OMT ass Saye, AR ee 6 pss $3.35
SAViG et pact. ata apes tee $1.15
The: OOlOSISEA. As 2 See eS Stee Bed oe $ .50
Pictorial Geeview “40... )623 ave een 2.00
MeChinre’s Magazine. i...ifeih.: 2.00
Publisher's (Price... 2.0... 004. $4.50
PZ TOMS ie ec onewtcueaars wckueance bom eds $3.35
Saver k sates ee ie, 2s $1.15
The Oolo2ist:s¢.ackee sy eeeeee oh $ .50
Reviews of Reviews............. 4.00

Hverybody’s Magazine or Ameri-
CATER nes Nae, age ees nesta). te 2.00
Publisher's: Pric@s 2.0%. oc. s0.<lee $6.50
ADU tal Oleh ik ee he ie ets ore ie $4.85
Save ..... POO pect oe ecules 6s $1.65
AGE: OOO LIS x car ae cho scostavaeer is woke $ .50
Metropolitan’... 45 ox Goan oo anos 3.00
Current: Opimions: wh sca eek eee es 3.00
Publisher's: Prices $20... Se $6.50
23S 1.07 (A Maan a Sa a RP $4.85
SAWS cet uein ae eae ape nee $1.75
MINES ©) OOPS schoo k) oe Gea Meg oe » 200
AM OUCAOORS SS Bak hcl O Cons cee 2.00
MOFCSE amd | SUGGAM -pacics.. ae 2 ss 2.00
Publishers (Pricer). .<0... 6s $4.50
aX OHNO OR) Yc) Seer oa Re LCE GE cS See EC $3.35
DAW Cicke cs. Hee eas ech MERE atta $1.15
ORDER

GRUMIAUX

News & Subscription Co.,
175 Fifth Ave., New York City.

The QOologists::.. .. .oc.ck «=e $60
Delineator . .2..cc06.6% «sk eee 2.00
Bivery body’s. s: «.2.2% ose eee 2.00
Publisher’s Price Pe $4.50
AMT 3° Bor...2 ch &. a2 eee $3.35
SAVE ccs .e spose iets « cee ae $1.15
The Oologist...:...5... eee $ .50
Modern ‘Priscilla... ...:; 23eeeeee 1.50
MeCall’s Magazine.............. 90080 1.00
Publisher’s: Price....... q.eeeeeee $3.00
AI). 3: HOM. 05.5 says. « eyontheloea ee $2.25
SAVE ce scone sede te enn ote » oe $ i0
The Oologist...... 1.5.05 See $ .50
World’s Work. ....... 02. -eneeeee 4 .00
Century ......% 052...) eee 4.00
Publishers Price, ... ee $8.50
All 3 for... 605 sek oe $5.85
Save. a... 0.00.0 er $2.65
The Oologist... 02.2... 6... $ .50
Youth’s Companion... <2). 0eee 2.50
Pictorial Review....... ..:2. sneer
Publisher’s Pricé....20. see $5.00
All -Three.for. .\. 5 eee $4.00
Save .i.snh wie Us. eee , 61.00
The Qologist.../0.<..¢ soon $ 50
OUTING 2. ....d2 se. es dee chee 3.00
Independent: <2 .....sn)a... 6 sae 4.00
Publisher’s Price... =... =e $7.50
All. 3 f09... i423 :3 20 ae $5.35
Save i... $600 s0 leis oe $2.15
BLANK

Please send the following magazines, each for 1 year, for which I enclose

Big UA aie ns Sete ene 4
Name of Magazine

hala ater AP aera re Re nts RUM et OORT ne OS

(3)

fae oo Sa Ooo oo OOO oD a Oo OOOO OOo Soo.

Dil dk PAGE tah ease a Oneeente Tan? yes ews

LAE CR EE Ae Pe dS co ney SRO eae Soe

Biot Se eck: Sei ache ae Ot en ote AR Me le ote reer
INTO oe uc eee: ore eae, erate eager ca
SURGCtes as Siw cies etme ieee Deen
IMO WVAN cea ont etege ae evecare exes ene tees

When to Begin

eee rece were eee ee see eee we eee www eee eee ee eee

eraceeeveeee ee eee eee eee e eee eee ee

ote eeeer eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee

THE OOLOGIST Vv

MISCELLANDOUS.

FOR SALE—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
EK. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1 and 2 of
Thorburn’s British Birds. Very hand-
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

EXCHANGE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
foreign specimens. Have some Fox
Squirrel skins to offer. O. M. GREEN-
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

W ANTED—Bird skins—must be per-
fect; also small mammal skins. Good
photographs of birds, birds eggs and
nests and mammals in their nature
situ. and haunts to be used in publica-
tion and with privilege to publish
those you send. Can offer cash or good
exchange. J. W. DANIEL Jr., Western
State. Hospital, Staunton, Va.

SALE or TRADE—Pair of field
glasses. I want copy of Holland ‘Moth
Book” or some other good book on
moths. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0u
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer. H.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS 8S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to become ac-
pointed with active Oologist in New York
ity, Westchester Co.., or BeaEDY with view
S. please

to expeditions next sprin
Be Uw hite Plains,

write. RAYMOND F LL
Mm. Y., hk. F. D. No.

es

FOR EXCHANGE ~— Large showy_ India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene lyna

ee ey Also many natives. Want A No.1
2 of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.
onn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,
the entire U.S.

Who has skins or mounted fox Bauirrels.
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—20 gauge aux. chambered
for 32 Ex. Long. J. A. MUNRO, Okana-
gan Landing, B. C.

FOR HXCHANGH—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EARL MOFEDET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Eaton. Please state price.
igi MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. i-lt

WANTED—One B. & oe Model Ce dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

WANTEHD—Cash or exchange, vols.
1, 2, 3 of Ridgeway’s BIRDS OF NORTH
AND MIDDLE AMERICA—vols. 5, 7 of
same series to offer. Also want first
class compound microscope. EH. S$:
LADD, 4354 McPherson, St. Louis, Mo.
BS Ne ee

FOR SAWUK

Quadropedes of North America, Au-

Giibony Wola USaGe ae crete necro 3 Z.0v
Ridgway’s Manuel North Am.

STC ESO Gin eel iin ase cuelsyavelec 4.00
Birds of Kansas, Goss, 1886...... 1.50
English Sparrow in N. Am., Bar-

rows 1889 po ee tactics ara eee ee ne EaERE 1.50

Auks, Voll 16 to 133 inclusive, 28

Vols., paper covers uncut...
Forest and Stream, Vols. 1 to 12

DING re ee ee aioe eee
TDISs ESTAS COMES S35 Is OUMdl.. ] ae ees.
And many vols. of Wilson Bull; Oolo-
gist, Bird Lore, O. and O. and other
Ornithological magazines and Govern-
ment publications.

HAROLD H. BAILEY,

Boxe leli2 Newport News, Va.

WANTED—One perfeet skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
Will pay cash. K. B. MATHHS, Batavia,
Np ae

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

vi

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific
but edited in such a way that a be-
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un-
derstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in

the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,

Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST

THE

“Blue-Bird’’

Is now published monthly, the
year ’round, with new and inter-
esting departments, features and
contests, and

At No Additional Cost to

Subscribers |
Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird
Lovers’ Association.
SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY

Annual Subscription, $1.50
AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE

“THE BLUE-BIRD,”
1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - - Assistant Curator

1 THE OQOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No. 10. ALBION, N.. Y.,.O00m. 1, 1919: WHOLE No. 3890

II THE OOLOGIST

BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, Fer Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 25 eents

for each 25 words for one issue; each additional word 1 eent.

serted for less than 25 cents.

No notiee in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same.

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide

exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

In anéwering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, III.

FOR EXCHANGE —A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
- price for those that I need. R. M.

BARNES, Lacon, Ill.
BIRDS—Have a good list of skins
also

. M. J. Hofman, Taxi-
1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn,

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 806, taken north ef
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wingtipped this will not
matter. For them I will pay a good
price. R. M. Barnes, Lacon, III.

EXCHANGE—Fine sets of eggs and
nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JHWHTT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. ED-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G. B. REGAR,
1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

W ANTED—One or more sets of A. O.
W. 636. Can offer good sets of 325, 343
or 364 in exchange or cash. I). Pp
SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
nests. Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.

DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.

The following first class skins offer-
ed: 132, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 153,

"394b, 40la, 402a, 413, 433.
468, 478c, 478d, 488b, 498f, 508, 510, 518,
524a, 529a, 540a, 554a, 567f, 581f, 588a,
607, 618, 652b, and other western spe-
J. A. MUNRO, Okanagan Land-
ing, B. C.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange notiees
for nests, skins and eggs, we w -
preeiate it if you would arrange t
nuanerais in your exehan nge netice in
their numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaint and we
think justly so.

WANTEHD—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M.. BARNHES, Lacon, [1].

EXCHANGE NOTICE-—I desire to get in
touch with all active field collectors with a
view to exchanging A 1 sets. H. W. CAR-
RIGER, 5185 Trask Street, Oakland, Calif.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

FOR SALH—Trumpeter Swan’s egg,
from Minnesota: Perfect specimen,
very abnormal. Will consider cash

offer only. ALBERT LANO, Fayette-

ville, Ark.

FOR BHXCHANGEH—15 1-1; 3la 1-1:
105.2 1-1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1-1; 116 1-1;
197 1-4; 464 1-4; 474i N-2; 475 1-
486 1-5; 5388 1-38;

060a N- 4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1- 4; 615 N-5;
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N- 4; 726c N-
N-5; 741 N-6; 743 N-7; 748a N-7, N-5.
di. H. BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock,
coma, Wash.

il
15
5;
538 1-4; 548 Le
6,
5

PERSONALLY COLLECTED SETS of
7=132, 261, 273, 305, 331, 3867. TE anter-
ested send fist DIR. ELMER LANGE-
VIN, Crookston, Minn.

FOR DISPOSAL—A large and exten-
sive collection of Birds’ Hggs from
Hurope and America. Send 8c stamp
for complete list. DR. CLECKLEY’S
MUSEUM, Augusta, Ga.

WANTEHED—An entire collection of
North American Birds Eggs in sets with
fuli data. Send full list to W. A.
STRONG, 41 Grand Ave., San Jose, Cal.

FOR EXCHANGEH—A1 personally col-
lected sets of Mississippi Kite, Swain-
son’s Hawk, White-necked Raven, 5-6,
3-7, Black-crested Titmouse 1-6, and
many others. Want your complete
lists of duplicates. E. F. POPE, Box
301, Albuquerque, N. Mex.

3

VoL. XXXVI. No. 10 AGRBION, N. Y., -Oev. 1,,4919. WHOLE No. 890

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Jit.

TAKE NOTICE.

, SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR ;

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December. issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as seeond-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post office at
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

LNA NANA NANA NE AINE NANA ANA

<n

EN

ANOTHER RECORD

:

;

With this issue we present our read-
ers the first photo ever published of
the Cackling Goose. Branta canan-
densis minuta, nesting in confinement.
This bird nests naturally in the
Yukon Delta in Alaska and on north
to well within the Arctic Circle. It is
with a pardonable feeling of pride that
we do this.—R. M. Barnes.

sy)

WA

4

c With this issue we publish two of 3
the half tones that accompany the y
splendid article on “Collecting in Brit- De
ish Columbia,” by J. A. Munro, in the ps
June and July issue of The Oologist. ae

These were crowded out of the issues

for those months, as were also two

others, which will appear later.
—Hditor.

Ri NNN NN

s

Pe

168

The New Egg Price List

At last we have all of the votes in
the election of members of the Com-
mittee of twenty-five to revise the
pieces of eggs for an entirely new
Price List of North American Birds’
Eggs. The class of men _ elected
insure a fair division of respon-
Sibility and certainly represent
the front rank of Oology in
North America. Now let the com-
mittee elect a chairman by corres-
pondence and proceed at once with
this work, so badly needed, and al-
ready too long delayed. A spirit of
give and take, concession and com-
promise will ensure a catalog that
will be standard for years. It is to
be hoped that this
committee can reconcile all their dif-
ferences within the committee and
avoid the necessity of electing the
further Supreme Committee of Three.
Let us hape that the catalog will be
in our hands ready for the printer by
February ist, 1920.

R. M. Barnes.
Hon. R. M. Barnes, Dear Sir:

As tabulator of the votes for the
“Committee of Twenty-five’ American
oologists to perform the much needed
revision of the prices of American

birds’ eggs, I herewith submit the re-
sult of the election.
Pacific Area:—

J. Hopper Bowles, The Woodstock,
Tacoma, Wash.

H. W. Carriger, 5185 Trask St., Oak-
land, Calif.

W. L. Dawson, Museum of Compara-
tive Oology, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Intra-Mountain Area:—

O. A. Treganza, 610 Utah Savings and
Trust Bldg., Salt Lake City, Utah.

EK. F. Page, 601 North 3rd St., Al-
buquerque, New Mexico.

F. C. Willard, 110 H. 23rd St., Farm-
ingdale, L. I., N. Y.

Western Area:—

Rev. P. B. Peabody, Blue Rapids, —

Kansas.

Rev. H. E. Wheeler,
kansas.

Guy Love, Oberlin, Kansas.

Conway, Ar-

representative |

THE OOLOGIST

Central Western Area:—

A. EK. Price, Grant Park, Ill.
G. A. Abbott, Otsego, Mich.
B. R. Bales, M. D., Circleville, Ohio.

Central Eastern Area:—
J. Parker Norris, Jr., Room 694, City
Hall, Philadelphia, Pa. .
R. C. Harlow, State College, Pa.
Thos. H. Jackson, West Chester, Pa.

New England Area:—

John HK. Thayer, Lancaster, Mass.

A. C. Bent, Taunton, Mass.

Roscoe I. Giles; 82 Newton St., Marl-
boro, Mass.

Southern Area:—

Harold H. Bailey, Box 112, Newport
News, Va.

Troup D. Perry, 22 EH. 33rd St., Sa-
vannah, Ga.

Oscar.E. Baynard, Plant City, Fla.
Canada:—

R. W. Tufts, Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

KH. Arnold, Grand Trunk Ry,
Montreal, Quebec.

Walter Raine, Waverly Villa, Kew
Beach, Toronto.

The addresses of the members of
the committee are purposely given, as
I believe it to be a privilege as well
as the duty of every oologist in North
America to communicate with his
nearest committeeman or any member
of the committee with whom he has
corresponding relations, stating his
views in regards prices. Only in this
way will a truly successful and satis-
factory catalog be realized, and I am
sure that every member of the com-
mittee will be only too glad to consider
any sensible suggestion.

Respectfully submitted,
R. B. Bales.

Aug. 16, 1919.

—_—————_+>-—______-
Albino Eggs of the Long-tailed Chat.
J. H. Bowles, Tacoma, Wash.

A friend in California collected this
season a nest and four eggs of the
Long-tailed Chat, which he recently
sent me. They are so unusual as to
seem well worth recording. The size
is normal, but three of them are pure
white and unmarked, the fourth being
also pure white, but with a very few
dots of red brown. This nest and set
was collected by Mr. Adrian J. Van

Rossem, of Visalia, Calif.

THE OOLOGIST 169

An Island Idyll.
By J. W. Daniels, Jr.

Ornithologists and oologists will hold
a certain soft spot in their hearts for
old Cobb’s Island for whom it used to
be a favorite resort. These visits to
this famous bird Metropolis have al-
ways struck in my memory as among
the most enjoyable days of my life.

I recall sitting in my study one
evening, reading articles in the
Oologist, by Gilbert Raison, on a visit
to Cobb’s Island, Chester Barlow on a
visit to the Farralone Islands, Califor-
ria, both of which -pleasures I was
destined to realize. I thought of an
“island in the sea” with myriads of
nesting gulls, terns, and skimmers
where one might bird nest without fail-
ing to find the object of the quest.
The only terns I had ever seen were
those which Mr. Robert Ridgway had
shown me in the Smithsonian cabi-
nets, explaining the difference of the
species of common tern (Sterna hir-
undo) and Fosters Tern (stenna for-
steru) from specimans he had taken
on Bone and’ Cobb’s Island. He also
told me of the nesting habits of the
two species, the habits of Forsters
Tern—of its eggs in little hollows in
the ‘“‘winrows” of drifted sea weed and
of their occasional rather substantial
nests of sea weed. out in the salt
marshes in strong contrast to the nests
of the Common Tern (stena herundo)
which always nests along beaches lay-
ing its eggs in little hallows of the
sand above the tide water mark, aad
in the sand dunes.

My first visit to Cobb’s Island, back
in the early nineties, I reached th»
Island in early May, accompanied by
my mother and we found a hospitable
reception at the little old hotel at the
southern end of the Island. This little
hotel, kept by Mr. Cobb, was together
with several frame houses, at the end
of the island entirely swept away by

a flood in later years, which entirely
submerged the greater part of the
island, playing havoc with the nesting
birds and cutting a channel entirely
across the island at the northern end.

We arrived duly at Cape Charles
and early one bright morning in May
we secured a train from the hotel at
Cape Charles and drove to the “land-
ing” six or eight miles south of Cape
Charles, where without baggage we de-
camped at a wooden pier, to await
the arrival of a boat from Cobb’s to
carry us and baggage the ten miles
out in the Atlantic to our island des-
tination.

Our trunks were placed on the pier
and during the interval of time till the
boat arrived we spent in bird watch-
ing. The day was very bright and
sunny and spring migration of the
shore birds was at its zenith. In all
directions there were flocks of the
Linicolar Pipers, small and large,
wheeling and circling in all directions.
There were birds, Least Sandpipers by
the thousands, also Sanderlings, Wil-
son Plovers, Laughing Gulls, Fish
Crows and Spreys. No terns had yet
been seen.

Under the pier, Barn Swallows were
nesting in hundreds, and I amused my-
self by looking up their nests.

Toward twelve o’clock we saw a
boat approaching the lea, and soon
met Captain Roberts who had come to
take us over.

Shortly after twelve, we were com-
fortably seated in the sailboat and the
captain unfurled sail and we were
away to our island in the sea.

At about five miles out, we met our
first Terns—a few approaching quite
near the boat and the captain in-
formed us that those were “strikers”
and we soon saw the reason, for sev-
eral of the birds commenced their
downward plunges from the consider-
able height, striking the water with

THE OOLOGIST

170

THE OOLOGIST

forceful alacrity and sending up little
volumes of white sprays. Gulls also
were becoming numerous now about
two miles from the island, they were in
hundreds of pairs, flying close to the
surface of the water, the wings ofthe
paired birds nearly touching the wings
of each other and the wing tips with
their tipped primaries presenting a
striking appearance. The presence of
so many birds at one time was a
novelty to us but the captain informed
us that this was nothing to what we
were later to experience, that these
birds were only a few, and so it even-
tuated.

’ When a mile or so from the island,
the home of the sea bird, hove into our
‘line of vision, narrow rim of green on
the lea, and soon we were anchored
at a small pier again and we were
greeted by Mr. Cobb and the hotel
lady at that dear little weather beaten
hotel, so dear to the hearts of hun-
dreds of sportsman and Ornithologists
and now only a memory.

Cobb’s Island is a narrow strip of
land ten miles out in the Atlantic. On
the eastern side it is almost entirely
sandy and towards the northeastern
end there is a series of sand dunes.
For the most part the eastern side is
a continuous stretch of beach, almost
bare save for a spare growth of beach
grass in straggly patches. The beach
is firm and beautiful, one of the finest
on the Atlantic seaboard.

On the western side there are broad
acres of salt marshes and_ several
sloughs while at the northern end
there is a channel that divided a part
of the island. The flood which oc-
curred subsequently to my first visit
caused this channel, it also narrowed
the island on the southeast.

The little hotel seemed very invit-
ing to us as we were rather fatigued.
We were shown neat apartments and
the meals were excellent. I shall not

171

soon forget our first supper on Cobb’s,
consisting as it did of clam fritters,
soft shelled crabs, fresh sea trout and
black drum steak varied later with
clam chowder and oysters. I noticed
a photograph on the hotel showing
A. Jones of Rochmond with his “catch”
of red drum. And I noticed some fine
drum fishing during my stay—the first
day’s fishing yielding two monster
drums; and there was also excellent
sea trout fishing. I almost filled the
boat on one occasion and sometimes
took three on a line at one time. As
we landed we saw at once that this
was a bird paradise for now there
were thousands upon thousands of
gulls hovering over the marshes and
in all directions Common and Gull
Billed Terns wheeled and screeched.
With the first light of day on the
morning /following our arrival I was
up and attired in canvas hunting
clothes and with collecting basket was
away to the salt marshes at the midde
of the island on the western side. The
experience was a novel delight and I
was enthusiastic in my endeavors to
collect full fresh sets of all species
represented in the island’s avifaune.
The Laughing Gull was found nesting,
thousands of pairs and fresh eggs
were found in most all the nests, in
sets of threes and fours. Many of
these sets were merely laid in depres-
sions in the ‘‘windrows” of dry sea
weed in the marshes and incubation
had already commenced in several of
the sets. This was early in May. In
the nesting colonies, the gulls arose in
clouds, wheeling in screaming egions
overhead and among them were hun-
dreds of Forster’s and Gull-billed Terns.
These Gulls were in easy range and
it was an easy matter to bring down
on the wing a few specimens of each
species I desired. The first caused
consternation among the birds and the
birds that were sitting upon nests left

THE OOLOGIST

172

THE OOLOGIST

them for the air, thus augumenting
the clouds of wheeling birds overhead
until the sky was nearly obscursd.

I collected a nice series of sets of
the Laughing Gull. The eggs were
usually three to the set, though several
sets of four were found. The ground
sometimes brown, mottled, blotched
and speckled with varying shades of
brown and subdued marking of laven-
der. The average size is 2.25 by 1.60.
The nests were composed of trash
ocean debris of all varieties—the drift
from the Equinoctual storms—
which is piled up in the marshes
marshes by the invading waters.
Some of the nests were rather sub-
stantially constructed of marsh grass,
sea weed and trash hollowed out.
Many of the birds remained on their
nests until I approached to within a
short distance, their snowy plumage
contrasting beautifully with the green
of the marshes, and their heads oddly
offsetting the white breasts. It was
painful to me to see their lovely snowy
breasts all blood stained and blackened
with the black marsh mire, and I re-
frained from shooting many. After
collecting many sets of the Gulls’ eggs
desired, I collected a few sets and
skins of Forster’s Terns. The sets were
usually of three eggs of a light gray or
brown as regards the ground color,
blotched and marbled with darker
shades of brown and light shades of
lilac. The average of the eggs is 1.80
by 1.30. The eggs were placed on the
drift wood or on pieces of boards or
lumber out in the marshes. Some of
the nests were placed closely together,
being composed of marsh grass and
debris.

On the wing, the Terns are the most
graceful of all birds and are truly the
swallows of the sea. It is pleasant to
see the wild wings of the ocean’s
breast as they gather and flit out upon
the briny white capped wild waves or

178

gather on the sand bars with their
heads tucked beneath their primaries,
their white plumage as snowy as the
ocean foam. On the wing the tail
feathers are twitched as they project
in scissor like fashion, and _ the
screeching notes are sounded in uni-
son with the wild cries of those lovely
birds, the Laughing Gulls. Verily
these birds here in their island home
reflect the spirit of the sea and offers
a refreshing sight to the city voyager
as alluring as the soft sea breeze and
salt air.

In the same stretches of marsh on
the western side I found the seaside
sparrows plentiful and paired and nest-
ing. Their nests were placed in the
marsh grass bordering the marsh and
inlets. In these salt marshes there
were also a few pair of Willet, and
hundreds of pairs of Clapper Rail. I
believe I could have collected a thous-
and sets of the Clapper Rail had I de-
sired, but contented myself with a few
fresh sets. The birds remain on the
nest until almost touched. The nests
were built of marsh grass placed up in
the patches of the higher grass stems
and lined with finer grass stops. Look-
ing over the sweep of marsh the nests
could be detected by noting the un-
even places in the smooth areas of
the grassy aista. When startled from
their nests the birds took wing and
fiew over the grass tops, but often
times only skulked away in the high
marsh grass cackling and clucking.
There were a few pairs of Gulll-billed
Terns, probably twenty to fifty readily
distinguished by the heavier darker
inandibles. The flight of the nilotica
is more Gull-like and less airy than
that of the other Terns. They nest
on the beaches employing a camouflage
with the broken shell bits, rocks and
sand that make their eggs very diffi-
cult to find. Two or three eggs con-
stitute the set. The texture of the

THE OOLOGIST

174

Lane.

oO
@
a
™ oO
= de
a
D>b
5 2
ere
~
o)
a
T

Pair Cackling Geese at Nest on Home Place.

shell of the eggs of this—the Marsh
Tern as it is called—is quite different
from that of the other species of
Terns. The nest is a slight hollow
scooped up in the sand well above the
high tidal mark and among the trash,
shells and rocks. The birds arrive
from the south about April 25 aud de-
part early in September. The eggs
are easily distinguished from the eggs
of other Terns by the individuality in
the texture of the shell and the yellow-
ish buff and grayish ground color.
They are marked profusely over their
entire surface with blotches and spot-
tings of reddish brown and more sub-
dued markings of faint lilac. Size of
ézes 1:30 by L320. A single brood is
raised in a season. Having spent the
day among the sea birds a return was
made to the hotel and the next day
spent in preparing specimens. A few
Caspian Terns, three or four pair were
noted as they flew over the marshes
to the beaches. Those birds are called
the Giannet Striker. They do not nest
until late in the season, towards the
first part of July. They arrive about
the 15th of May and migrate south-
ward about August 15. The nest is a
depression in the sandy beach, above
the high tide mark. The texture of
the egg shell of this big sea swallow
is smoother, the ground color being a
light olive or grayish buff. The ends
of the eggs are more rounded than in
the case of the Royal Tern which are
more oval in contour. Over the entire
surface the egg is marked with a suf-
fusion of chestnut and blackish brown
with fainter markings of lilac. Size of
eggs 2.70 by 1.75. A single brood is
raised in a season. The birds are be-
coming scarcer due to the changed
conditions in their breeding grounds
and the decrease is probably due more
to these changes in their breeding en-
vironment than to egging by the local
sea-faring men and being shot by

THE OOLOGIST

175

spring gunners, causes so disastrous
to many of the species of sea birds.
The Caspian is one of the fairest of the
large Terns and is a good example of
these fairy-like creatures of the surf-
brimming beaches.

Two eggs are of the usual compli-
ment, sometimes three. The Royal
Tern or Giannet Striker was aiso seen
flying toward the beaches, 25 birds
perhaps. These birds are not numer-
ous. They are not distinguished by
the local fisherman from the Caspian
species, both species being known as
Giannet Strikers. The eggs are laid
on the beaches in hollows scooped out
in the sand above the tidal reach. The
eggs are 2.50 and 1.70 in size. Their
ground is grayish white and spotted
with flecks of pin sized or larger dot-
tings of blackish brown and fainter
lilac. Fresh eggs are seldom found
before the first of July. This species
of Tern are a favorite egg bird of the
fisherman. Two or three eggs are
usually found in a set. These birds
are fortunate in being somewhat too
large to be a desiderata with the mil-
liner bird hunters being too great in
size to be well suited to the ladies’
hats. They arrive about the last of
May, departing about the middle of
September.

Wishing to investigate the bird life
along the beaches at the extreme
northern end of the island, a cart, a
weather beaten affair, and a mule were
engaged together with the service of
Captain Roberts, and at dawn of the
morning of the third day on the island,
we started in the cart for the north end.
The Captain and I looked for nests,
camouflaged among the shelly stretch-
es, among broken bits of rocks along
the -beautiful stretch of beach above
tide water mark. Overhead hundreds
of pairs of Common Terns screeched
and about midway of the island we
found a large colony nesting, the eggs

176 THE OOLOGIST

Nest and Eggs Cackling Gocse cn Home Place, Lacon, Ils, July 14, 1919
—Photo by Virginia Lane.

THE OOLOGIST 177

in sets of twos and threes, being laid
in mere depressions among bits of
shells and broken rocks in the sandy
beach. The eggs so nicely match the
surroundings that the. camouflage is
very striking. Many of the Terns were
fishing off the lea, and it was interest-
ing to see them come down against
the water like a gun shot, sending up
the spray as they struck the water
with an alacrity, and silently they
arose again with beating wings. On
seeing a fish they fold their wings and
come down in a straight line head
foremost and grasp the fish, usually a
small one, holding it between the
mandibles.

Wilson’s Plovers were abundant on
the beaches, and a few oyster catchers
were noted. A set of four eggs of the
Willet were found in the marsh grass
near the beach. The ground is green-
ish or grayish buff, well marked with
shades of brown with subdued mark-
ings of lavender, chiefly towards the
end. Fresh eggs of the Willet are
usually found from May 17th to 25th.
The Willet has managed to hold its
own but its numbers have decreased
greatly. A single brood is reared in
a season. The food of the Willet con-
sists mainly of marine insects, rootlets
and seeds cast up by the tides. The
nest is usually a mere hollow, scantily
lined with a few dry grasses. The
Willet is a favorite with the sports-
man-and is known as “Pilly Willet”’
from its cry. The Oyster Catcher is
rare on the island . It is nearly ex-
tinct on our coastal islands. i

On a later visit to the island in the
early nineteen hundred, in company
with H. C. Davis, Cobb’s Island was
found greatly changed from the con-
ditions prevailing during my first
visit. There was a noticeable de-
crease in the bird life, and the island
itself had lessened in area. We stopped
at the small “club” house and secured

some interesting photographs of the
Terns. I found two newly hatched
young of the Sterna hirundo in a shel-
ly depression in the shelly gravel. The
birds were flattened out against the
sand, their necks extended and so
nearly matched their surroundings
that it was scarcely possible to detect
them. A young Oyster Catcher was
also noted on the beach at the north-
ern end and skidaddled away from us
towards the surf. He was easily
easily caught, however, but released. .

Ever a delight to the lover of nature
our sea birds are an asset that cannot
be released when they are gone.
Cobb’s island has suffered severely
from fashion, sway; thousands, ten
thousands, having been sent to New
York to satisfy the whims of Lady
Vanity. Verily the time has come
when we should exert our best energies
to accord perfect protection to all bird
life of our Coastal Islands.

fe Se ee ee
BOOKS RECELVED
LIFE HISTORY
Of
NORTH AMERICAN DIVING BIRDS
UNITED STATES NATIONAL
MUSEUM BULLETIN 107
By
Arthur Cleveland Bent
Government Printing Office, 1909

This splendid publication is in a
measure a continuance of the work on
North American birds, began by the
late Capt. Bendire, though it is entirely
a different arrangement and size me-
chanically. It covers the Grebes,
Loons, Puffins, Auklets, Gillemots,
Murre’s, and the Dovkie, covering the
A. O. U. list from pages one to thirty-
four inclusive. :

The arrangement delineates in order
of the following: Habits, nesting,
eggs, young, plumage, food, behavior,
distribution, breeding, range, winter

Ea

Sa

=

178 THE OOLOGIST

range, spring and fall migration and
eges dates. This information is given
for each of the species so far as it is
known, and each separate species is
illustrated by nests, eggs, adult birds
and young wherever possible; though
under many of the species nothing ap-
pears by way of illustration except the
nesting site with the eggs, and a gen-
eral view of the nesting grounds.
There are two hundred and thirty-nine
pages with fifty-five half tone plates,
and eleven plates in color of the eggs
of the various species. Delineating
the eggs of thirty-six different birds.
The whole arrangement is ideal and
is accompanied by a comprehensive
index and a list of bibliographic
references.

Our friend Bent has gathered with-
in these pages an almost unbelieve-
able amount of information and pre-
sents the same in a readily excessible
manner and in an attractive arrange-
ment at the disposition of the world;
and he is to be congratulated upon the
result of his years of work in the prep-

aration of this bulletin and by its pub- ;

lication he has placed all students of
ornithology, professional as well as
amateur over lasting obligation tv him.

Like all publications relating to a
growing science of course, all infor-
mation on the subject treated is not,
and in the nature of things could not
be included up to the very day of pub-
lication, but Bent, has come as near
doing this as we believe it would be
possible for anybody to do.

The vast amount of work entailed
essential for such a publication can
only be comprehended by those who
have engaged in such an undertaking,
or by those who have been permitted
to get a slight insight during the work
of such preparation.

We predict that it would be a song,
long time before anybody will equal if

ever surpass this bulletin for actual
practical use and service.
R. MesBe

THE BIRDS OF NORTH AND
MIDDLE AMHERICA, by Robert Ridg-
way. Vol. VIII of this splendid publi-
cation is at hand and covers the
species from the shore birds to the
Auks inclusive, also to the Jacanas,
Skimmers, Terns, Gulls and Skuas. It
is up to the usual standard of publica-
tion bearing Mr. Ridgway’s name and
is not only a credit to the author, but
likewise to the Natural Museum which
puts it out. Re. MCB:

tee Te eS Lee
American Bittern
By H. H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Maine.

Every one who tills the land has an
interest in the economic value of the
birds, many of whom catch and eat,
worms, bugs and insects, the devour-
ing of which, directly affect the pro-
duction of the crop. The protection
thus afforded may be the saving of
some particular plant or crop. As il-
lustrated by Edward Howe Forbush,
who by placing food accessible to the
winter birds, he attracted them to the
orchard where they not only ate the
food provided, but also fed on the
eges of the tent caterpillar, can-
kerworms and pupae of the codling
moth. Also, when spring came efforts —
were made to attract the summer
birds to the orchard, which met with
success, and the remaining injurious
insects were completely destroyed.
Thus the trees and crop were saved
to the extent that this orchard and
one adjoining were the only ones
which produced any fruit that season.
Adversely, the distruction of the birds
may mean the complete loss of a crop.
Kalm states, in his Travels in Amer-
ica, that in 1749, after a great des-
truction of crows and blackbirds for a
reward of three pence per dozen, the

ta

THE OOLOGIST . 179

northern states suffered a complete
loss of their grass and grain crops.
The colonists were obliged to import
hay from England to feed their cattle.
In the year of 1900 I experienced a
plague of grasshoppers and they des-
troyed much of my hay crop and I
only saved corn and grain by placing

_ pens of chickens (of which I had a

number at that time) several rods
apart along the sides of the cultivated
fields. These chickens ate immense
amounts of the grasshoppers and re-
quired very little other food and thus
protected the crop from destruction.

Similar the Mormons of Utah when
that state was first settled, had their
crops almost utterly destroyed by
myriads of crickets which came down
from the mountains. The first year’s
crops having been destroyed, the Mor-
mons sowed seed the second year,
again the crickets appeared and were
destroying the wheat. At this juncture
hundreds of thousands of Frankling
Gulls came and ate the crickets and
thus saved the fields of grain.

We have here a traveler from the
West, one who has never been a wel-
come guest. I speak of the Colorado
Potato Beetle. It is very destructive
to the potato plant and appears to
have few foes to destroy it. Bob-white
and the Rose-breasted Grossbeak are
the only birds which I can remember
as reported as eating the potato bug
and neither are pitiful enough inthis
state to have any appreciable affect
on the beetle, and we must needs re-
sort to poison to save our crop. Hence
it is with pleasure that I am able to
add a new bird to the list of those who
eat the potato bug. Last summer in
passing through a swale or wet place
on my farm I came upon a roosting
platform of the American Bittern.
This platform is made by the birds
bending down from all sides the swale
grass thus forming a raised and dry

perch where they spend the night.
This roosting place which I found ap-
peared to have been used the night
before and thereupon it were some of
the droppings of the birds. This con-
sisted in part of the hard indigestible
parts of bugs, grasshoppers, legs,
beetles and also the outer shell or
back of a Colorado Beetle. The Amer-
ican Bittern has long been the tempt-
ing mark for the man with the gun.
Its slow even flight has made it an
easy shot, hence many have fallen
victims to the would be wing shot. It
arrives here about the first of May and
seldom one sees more than one at a
time except in the breeding season,
when a pair are sometimes flushed
near together.

It is fairly common on the marsh in
September. One should look for it
along the shores of the slough or
marsh and not along the banks of the
flowing river. The note of the Bittern
once heard will always be remembered.
It has been likened to the (chunk) of
an old fashioned pump or the driving
of a wooden post or stake and indeed
has some of the resemblance of both
according to the distance the auditor
is away from the bird. When run up-
on and flushed it often rises with a
loud squawk. The Bittern nests here
the last of May or the first of June,
among the reeds and low bushes of
some slough. The nest is made of
grass and rushes. It is flat and built
upon the ground, in fact a mere plat-
form some 3 to 4 inches deep, 8 inches
long, by 6 inches wide. A nest found
May 28th, 1893, situated some 200
yards from a house and 100 yards from
the river contained four fresh eg gs of
a pale olive-drab and average about
1.84 x 1.44, in form oval. They are
close sitters, trusting to their indis-
tinguishable coloration, which blends
so nicely with the surrounding rushes.
When on the nest you will find them

180 : THE OOLOGIST

facing the intruder with the bill point-
ing upward at an angle of 45 degrees.
I once nearly run on to one with the
mowing machine as it stood in the
grass trusting that it would not be
seen, in fact I had to chase it out of
the grass to save its life, as it would
run and hide rather than fly away.
ped 7 hs sd AA
Curious Eggs.

70 1-1 Common Tern. June 14, 1908.
Walter C. Reed. Jake Erie, Mich.
Runt egg. On this island were 1163
sets and 2462 eggs. This was the only
runt. Size 1.10 x .85. Ground color,
clay-color, thinly spotted with light
golden-brown. There were some once
again as large as usual, some soft
shelled and eggs without markings.

77 1-1 Black Tern. June 8, 1902.
Walter C. Wood. St. Clair Flats, Mich.
Dark greenish ground color with a

few large blackish-brown spots. Size
deAai es 30:
77 1-8 Black Tern. June 3, 1894.

Walter C. Wood. Grassy Island, De-
troit River, Mich. One egg greenish,
thickly spotted and blotched with
blackish-brown, thickest around the
larger end, 1.38 x .96. One egg green-
ish-clay color thinly spotted with
brownish-lilac, 1.41 x 1.01 and one
clay-color, thickly blotched with
blackish-brown, forming a wreath
around the larger end, remaining sur-
face thinly spotted with small dots of
- the same color. 1.37 x .98.

339 1-4. Red-shouldered Hawk. May

5, 1901. Walter C. Wood. Wayne
Co., Mich. Nest, 35 feet up beach
tree. Flushed old bird. Saved this

set because the eggs were the largest
I ever found. Size 2.34 x 1.82, 2.37 x
S45 2337% KIL85,) 229 ATT.

420 1-2 Nighthawk. June 27, 1891.
C. B. Johnson.

420b 1-2 Florida Nighthawk. May
petit Rs DS Hoyt: “Pomella “Coz
Florida. Eggs dark grayish-white, one

thickly mottled with light-brown and
pinkish-purple and one mottled with
light brown and pinkish purple and
large light brown to blackish spots
covering about one-half of the ground
color. Size 1.21 x .83,- 1.20 x23

501b 1-4 Western Meadowlark. May
5, 1892. W. A, Strong, Tulare Cae
Nets on the ground lined with fine .
grass. This set was on exhibition at
the World’s Fair. Size of egg, 1.10 x
00; 1:05. x 380, 1:03 x :76, {938 senites

474b 1-4. Prairie Horned Lark. May
12,1916. Stuart Lyle Chapin. Verona,
N. Y. Nest situated on the ground, in
furrow in plowed field, composed of
grass. Size of eggs 1.00 x .66, 1.03 x
.66, 1.09 x .69, 1.04 x .67.

494 1-5. Bobolink. June 22, 1898.
Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co., Mich.
One was pure white, a gradual blend-
ing from this white egg to the 5th egg
which was highly marked, making it
one of the queerest sets I ever found.
There was not much of a nest, only a
few straws drawn together in a slight
depression of the ground constituted
ites 4

501b 1-4. Western Meadowlark. May
5, 1892. W. A. Strong. Tulare, ‘Cal.
Nest on the ground, lined with fine
grass. This set was on exhibition at
the World’s Fair. Size of eggs, 1.10
x .80, 1.05°x 80; 1.03 x .78) 79Gmeeaae

501b 1-4 Western Meadowlark. May
30, 1897. W. A. Strong. Pleasanton,
Col. These eggs were pure white.

501b 1-4 Western Meadowlark. June
4, 1898. W. A. Strong. Pleasanton,
Cal. This set contained one California
Quail egg.

519 1-5 House Finch. April 15, 1895.
W. A. Strong. Tulare, Cali “Dhistser
contained one runt. Size of eggs .79 x
58, 75 x .60, .74 x59, .73'% [60h eee
45.

1-3 English Sparrow. May 11, 1915.
J. Claire Wood. Detroit, Mich. This
set contained one extra long egg. Size

THE OOLOGIST 181

of eggs, .90 x .60, .90 x .59, 1.00 x .58.
725 1-4 Long-billed Marsh Wren.
June 4, 1899. Walter C. Wood. De-
troit River, Mich. These eggs are
pure white.
' 474b 1-3 Prairie Horned Lark. May
20, 1900. V. L. Smith. Imes, Frank-
lin Co., Kan. This set contains one
Cowbird egg.

581 1-5 Song Sparrow. June 1, 1904.
John Ritenberg. Orleans Co., N. Y.
One Cowbird egg in this set.

581 1-4 Song Sparrow. June 10,
1902. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich. This set contains two Cowbird
eggs.

581 1-4. Song Sparrow. May 2,1915.
Walter C. Wood. Detroit, Mich. Two
Cowbird eggs in this set.

587 1-4 Towhee. May 30, 1909. J.
Claire Wood. , Wayne Co., Mich. This
set contains two Cowbird eggs.

593 1-4 Cardinal. April 27, 1915.
Ramon Graham. Ft. Worth, Texas.
This set contains one Cowbird egg.

620 1-3 Phainopepla. May 20, 1897.
Frederick Dunham. Tuscon, Arizono.
This set contains one Dwarf Cowbird

ege.
652 1-3 Yellow Warbler. June 1,
1902. <A. Blaine. Wayne Co., Mich.

This set contains one Cowbird egg.

659 1-3 Chestnut-sided Warbler. June
5, 1897. Almon E. Kibbe. Chautau-
qua Co., N. Y. This set contains one
Cowbird egg.

661 1-3 Golden-cheeked Warbler.
June 6, 1894. C. L. Venill for A. H.V.
Ft. Small, Arizona. The nest con-
tains one Cowbird egg.

670 1-2 Kirtland’s Warbler. May
31, 1908. R. B. Westwedge. Crawford
Co., Mich. This set contains two Cow-
bird eggs.

672a 1-2 Yellow Palm Warbler. June
6, 1885. Manly Hardy for F. T. Pal-
mer, Penobscot, Maine. This set con-
tains two Cowbird eggs.

681d 1-3 Northern Yellow-throat.

June 10, 1906. C. F. Stone. Yates Co.,
N. Y. One Cowbird egg in this set.
756 1-4 Wilson’s Thrush. May 18,
1902. Walter C. Wood. Wayne Co.,
Mich. One Cowbird egg in this set.
756 1-3 Wilson’s Thrush. May 22,
1906-6. C. F. Stone. Yates Co., N. Y.
One Cowbird egg in this set.
W. A. Strong,

San Jose, Cal.
se SSS SSS SS ee SS

A Census of the Birds of the United
States.

During the summer of 1914, the
Biological Survey took initial steps
toward a census of the birds of the
United States for the purpose of as-
certaining approximately the number
and relative abundance of the different
species. In view of the recognized
value of birds to agriculture, such in-
formation cannot fail to be of great
value. The census will need to be re-
peated for several years before a satis-
factory basis can be obtained for safe
generalization.

It is estimated that there are
100,000,000 robins east of the Missis-
sippi or fifty pairs to the square mile.

There are one thousand pairs of
kirds to the square mile east of the
great plains, and in the Montana for-
ests there is one bird pair to each
three acres.

One of the principal values of the
census will be its use for various so-
cieties which undertake to _ protect
bird life.

Twenty-seven states lack hunters’
license laws, and there is but a min-
ority with efficient game commissions.
In some Southern states the killing
of the bobolinks is still permitted.—
The Classmate—W. A. Strong, San
Jose, Cal.

pace ee Ee Ces
The Ruffed Grouse.
Bonasa umbellus.
This fine game bird is still. fairly

182 THE OOLOGIST

plentiful in Northeastern Ohio where
it is about holding its own. There are
only nine days of hunting them al-
lowed but this is plenty long enough
for this bird is shot very extensively
during closed seasons. What unscrup-
ulous hunter could resist a shot at this,
the finest Grouse, when accidentally
flushed during rabbit, squirrel, or at
any other period of the hunting season.
A great many hunters would forget
their scruples rather suddenly when
they hear the ‘“whir” of the fast re-

treating partridge. This especially ap- .

plies to the lawless city hunter who
is out for a good time and shoots at
everything he sees from chipmunks to
turkey vultures.

But this is getting Beare: off the
subject and I wish to speak of the
habits of this bird. You will not find
them plentiful in an open wood but in
one where there is plenty of under-
growth you may be fairly certain of
their presence. Their drumming is
one of the characteristic sounds of the
woodland during the spring and early
summer.

They begin nesting during the first
two weeks of May in this section and
if disturbed will usually nest again the
last of the month. The nest is rough-
ly made of leaves and twigs sunk in
the ground at the foot of a tree, under
brush piles, beside old logs, etc. They
nearly always nest well within the out-
skirts of the woods, but I found one
nest located in a lane, which contained
but a few trees and nearly one-fourth
of a mile from the woods. The nest
was placed in a stump, one side of
which was partly torn away. It was
scantily lined with a few leaves, so
that one of the eggs were lying upon
the rotten wood.

eh ar ee le.

Another nest was elevated slightly
above the ground and composed of al-
ternate layers of leaves and twigs

making a compact nest. I have never
found a nest on the north or west
side of a tree; the favorite position
being is a south easterly direction.
The choice of a tree seems to be the
beech or maple of one and one half
feet or less in diameter. The female
usually nests in the wood that the
pair has frequented before nesting
season. The eggs number six to fif-
teen, first sets containing ten or more,
the average being twelve.
L. Miller,
EK. Clariden, Ohio.
ti 3 tt
Audubon’s Travels.

In 18387, the great naturalist Audu-
bon came to Texas on a search for
new birds. He writes of Houston in
his dairy as follows:

“We landed at Houston, the oaniea
of Texas, drenched to the skin, and
were kindly received on board the
steamer Yellow Stone. Captain West
gave us his stateroom to change our
clothes and furnished us refreshments
and dinner. The Buffalo Bayou had
risen about six feet, and the neighbor-
ing prairies were partly covered’ with
water; there was a wild and desolate
look cast on the surrounding scenery.
Shanties, cargoes of hogsheads, bar-
rels, etc., were spread about the land-
ing, and Indians drunk and hallooing
were stumbling about in the mud in
every direction.

“We walked toward the President’s
house, accompanied by the secretary
of the navy. Houses, half finished,
and most of them without roofs, tents,
and a liberty pole, with the capitol,
were all exhibited to our view at once.
We approached the president’s man-
sion, however, wading in water above
our ankles. This abode of President
Houston is a small log house, consist-
ing of two rooms and a passage
through, after the Southern fashion.
The moment we stepped over the

THE OOLOGIST 188

threshold, on the right hand of the
passage, we found ourselves ushered
into what in other countries would be
called the antechamber, the ground
floor, however, was muddy and filthy,
a large fire was burning, and a small
table, covered with paper and writing
materials, was in the center; camp
beds, trunks, and different materials
were strewed around te room.

“We first caugt sight of President
Houston as he walked from one of the
grog shops, where he had been to stop
the sale of ardent spirits. We reached
his abode before him, but he soon
came, and we were presented to his
Excellency. He was dressed in a fancy
velvet coat and trousers trimmed with
broad gold lace, and around his neck
_ was tied a cravat somewhat in the
style of ’76. He received us kindly,
and was desirous of retaining us fora
while, and offered us every facility in
his power. He at once removed us
from «the anteroom to his private
chamber. Our talk was short, but the
impression which was made on our
mind at the time by himself, his
officers, and the place of his abode can
never be forgotten.”—The Classmate.
—W. A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

23) SU ee eee
Bird Species Observed Near Lexing-
ton, Missouri, Since January 1, 1918.
Ring-billed Gull.
Least Tern.
Black Tern.
American White Pelican.
American Merganser.
Blue-winged Teal.
Brant.
American Bittern.
Great Blue Heron.
Green Heron.
11. Hither Little Brown or Sandhill

Crane, uncertain as to which.

12. Coot.
13. Wilson’s Snipe.
14. Pectoral Sandpiyer,

SRN secret ihre ce a

Le:
16.
Vis
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24,
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44,
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.

Least Sandpiper.
Semipalmated Sandpiper.
Yellow-legs.

Solitary Sandpiper.
Spotted Sandpiper.
Semipalmated Plover.
Bob-white.

Mourning Dove.

Turkey Vulture.

Marsh Hawk.

Cooper’s Hawk.
Red-tailed Hawk.
Sparrow Hawk.
Long-eared Owl.
Barred Owl.

Screech Owl.
Yellow-billed Cuckoo.
Black-billed Cuckoo.
Belted Kingfisher.
Hairy Woodpecker.
Downy Woodpecker.
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.
Red-headed Woodpecker.
Red-bellied Woodpecker.
Northern Flicker.
Whip-poor-will.
Nighthawk.

Chimney Swift.
Ruby-throated Hummingbird.
Kingbird.

Crested Flycatcher. |
Phoebe.

Wood Pewee.

Acadian Flycatcher.
Least Flycatcher.
Prairie Horned Lark.
Blue Jay.

American Crow.
Cowbird.

Red-winged Blackbird.
Meadowlark.

Orchard Oriole.
Baltimore Oriole.
Brewer’s Blackbird.
Bronzed Grackle.

Purple Finch.

Goldfinch.
Chestnut-collared Longspur. (7?)
Vesper Sparrow.

184

100.
LO.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.

THE OOLOGIST

Western Savannah Sparrow.

Grasshopper Sparrow.
Lark Sparrow.
Harris’s Sparrow.
White-crowned Sparrow.
White-throated Sparrow.
Tree Sparrow.
Chipping Sparrow.
Clay-colored Sparrow.
Field Sparrow.
Slate-colored Junco.
Song Sparrow.
Lincoln’s Sparrow.
Fox Sparrow.

Towhee.

Cardinal.
Rose-breasted Grosbeak.
Indigo Bunting.
Dickcissel.

Scarlet Tanager.
Summer Tanager.
Purple Martin.

Cliff Swallow.

Barn Swallow.

Tree Swallow.
Rough-winged Swallow.
CedarWaxwing.
Northern Shrike.
Migrant Shrike.
Red-eyed Vireo.
Warbling Vireo.
Yellow-throated Vireo.
Blue-headed Vireo.
White-eyed Vireo.
Bell’s Vireo.

Black and White Warbler.

Prothonotary Warbler.
Lawrence Warbler.
Tennessee Warbler.
Yellow Warbler.

Myrtle Warbler.
Black-poll Warbler.
Oven-bird.
Water-thrush.
Louisiana Water-thrush.
Kentucky Warbler.
Mourning Warbler.
Maryland Yellow-throat.
Yellow-breasted Chat.

113. Wilson’s Warbler.

114. Canadian Warbler. (?)

115. American Redstart.

116. Mockingbird.

117. Catbird.

118. Brown Thrasher.

119. Carolina Wren.

120. Western House Wren.

121. Winter Wren.

122. Long-billed Marsh Wren.

123. Brown Creeper.

124. White-breasted Nuthatch.

125. Red-breasted Nuthatch.

126. Tufted Titmouse.

127. Chickadee.

128. Long-tailed Chickadee.

128. Long-tailed Chickadee.

129. Ruby-crowned Kinglet.

130. Bluegray Gnatcatcher.

131. Wood Thrush.

132. Gray-cheeked Thrush.

133. Olive-backed Thrush.

134. Hermit Thrush.

135. American Robin.

136. Bluebird.

137. The omnipresent English Spar-
row.

E. Gordon Alexander.
0 2 ——___—_————_.

In the Great Dismal Swamp of Virginia
After Birds’ Nests.

Some time ago I was in the egg room
of the United States National Museum
and talking with its late Honary Cura-
tor Dr. William EK. Ralph on the sub-
ject of oology in general and listening
to him tell about Swallow-tailed Kites
nesting in Florida, and how they
nested in tall pine trees and how he
had secured the beautifully marked
and beautifully prepared sets of this
species which grace and add beauty
and charm to the great national col-
lection. When the subject of the
great .Dismal Swamp Virginia came
up. I told-about the two trips that I
had made there and the nests and
eggs I had found. Then I told him of
my intention of answering the call of

THE OOLOGIST

che wild and the lure of the swamp
land, and of going again to the deep
dark fens and reedy haunts of the
great Dismal, when he expressed a
desire to go also. I invited him to
join me on my next trip which in-
vitation he accepted. While I was at
Lynchburg, the next spring there
came a letter from the esteemed doc-
tor to the effect he through the first
week in May a good time to start.
Most of the nesting Warblers would
have fresh sets at that time or would
be seen carrying nesting material and
it would be cooler then than later on,
when the black fly and mosquito
season would be in evidence and prove
worrisome or make life a burden. So
we decided to start the first week in
May.

We busied ourselves with what
necessary equipment we should take
and the matter of a guide, boat and
stopping place. I wrote my friend,
Alphonse Roysten, an excellent gentle-
man and the best swamp guide extant,
whose services I had been fortunate
in securing on the two previous trips.
He said he would be on the lookout for
us and would see to a boat and cook-
ing equipment and the cabin and have
everything in readiness for a start on
our arrival. I would heartily recom-
ment Roysten to any party going to
the Lake Drummond region of the
great Dismal as one thoroughly
familiar with the country, conditions,
birds and animals found there abouts;
but in a letter received from him this
week he states that he has given up
swamping and gone to some other kind
of work. He inquired about Dr. Ralph
and said that he feared the doctor had
gone to the great unknowable and un-
thinkable, which fact strangely enough
proved to be true, although we had
not learned of his sad death.

On my first trip to the Great Dismal,
I was accompanied by two Smithson-

185

ian ornithologists, Mr. Paul Bartsch
and that oracle of Virginia Ornithol-
ogy, Mr. William Palmer. Mr. Palmer
introduced me to Roysten, whose house
we stopped at. We had a party of six
and the novelty of such a trip has
stuck in my memory with great evi-
dence. The birds which I observed
on this trip I reported on in an article
in the “Auk” in the article of “Summer
Birds of the Great Dismal Swamp.”
Bartsch also write an account which
appeared in the Osprey. I have re-
cently prepared a paper, the result of
the three trips as regards Mammals
for the American Society of Mam-
malogists (Washington, D.C.) Bulletin
in which it will shortly appear I trust,
and named several new mammals in-
cluding a new species of Marsh Hare,
Mole and Permyscus, one Royster in
honor of Royster and the rabbit.

In all aspects the Great Dismal
Swamp is of peculiar and particular
interest to the naturalist and holds an
infatuation and lure that no locality
with which I am familiar parallels.
The great gaunt, gnarled giants of
cypress; the deep, dark, damp, shaded
forest of black gum, so densely hung
with heavy foliage that no light pene-
trated through the leafy verdue above,
solitary and silent, secluded and wild
grown with banks of beautiful ferns
(Royal and others of great size), and
with fern covered logs, stretches of
can and sphagnum covered ditches of
chocolate or coffee colored water in

which there are a few fish and in
which the overhanging trees are
mirrored like a looking glass. The

beautiful Lake Drummond, a great
great sheet of water, “set like an opal,
with margins green, born to shine un-
seen,’ the beautiful balsam trees in
the tops of which as in others, sings
the Golden swamps or Prothonotary
Warbler, all day long. It’s lovely gol-
den and white plumage glowing like

186 THE OOLOGIST

a beautiful yellow blossom
reedy, ferny reaches,
green canebreak and from the leafy

green of the balsams and cypresses—™
a jewel of a bird like its lovely Con-5it and sorrow—and a fairer and more
Henchanting place than ever in that
#, wonder land of nature, (right at the

tt ‘doorstep of national progress and in-

gener, the Hooded Warbler of lemongy
yellow plumage, and jet black throat, s
And nesting in hollows?

is also seen.

in theg
in the tender!

m unknown.
miniss his genial countenance and man-
Mrer, he is safe in the great and beauti-
mful Paradise where there is no pain

Though his friends may

of stubs and trees growing along the 3 dustry) the Great Dismal Swamp. How

ditches and lake, finds an ideal home.

Both

Warblers are everywhere abundant in’
the great swamp and adds a peculiar,

charm to the great silent places of
the deep dark swamp land. I shall
not soon forget the beauty of the
Prothonotary, especially and the Hood-
ed, here in the big Dismal for there
could not be a more charming or en-
chanted place for them to haunt and
they seem as exactly suited to the
great swamp land as the balsams, the
gnarled, dead cypress roots and
stumps and the great living cypress
and junipers and pines. Singing from
all sorts of places, the full round notes
of the Golden Swamp Warblers vies
in sweetness with those of the abund-
ant Water Thrushes, and resounds up-
on the stillness ringing by in golden
melody in keeping with its golden
plumage amid the green woodland
haunts.

Oh happy Prothonotony singing as if
their hearts would break. Little did
we think that that time was the last
time that good Dr. Ralph was to ever
hear them in this life and that they
were indeed singing a last farewell.
He has gone to a fairer land where
there are fairer birds and fairer flow-
ers. A lover of nature and a big
heart. May his dreams of beautiful
nature be fully realized and may we
meet on the golden Elysium sands
where sing golden birds more beauti-
ful than the Golden Prothonotarles of
the Great Dismal. He has gone on a
great and glorious voyage to the great

Va nature lover’s heart does long for
the Prothonotary and Hvuoded | that good day when a better and fairer
field of all nature is safely reached.

I joined the genial doctor and one
afternoon found us. abroad a passenger
boat and on the broad waters of the
Potomac, bound for the Great Dismal
Swamps and for Suffolk as our des-
tinuation. A good night’s rest on board
the boat and we awoke early the next
morning and reached Suffolk before
lunch hour. We met Royster at Suf-
folk, and although he was not feeling
well, having been ill with malaria for
some time he was ready to leave with
us immediately. So after a chat with
his charming mother, we loaded our
paraphenalia into a cart and were off
for the edge of the swamp, starting in
at a point near Suffolk about two or
three miles distant near a college and
several negro cabins on the Jericho
Ditch. We packed our outfit into the
boat and were soon on our way down
the Jericho towards the lake.

At this point and for several miles
the vegetation is largely scrubby and
there are very few trees of large size
—the growth consists largely of pop-
lars, pines, Sycamores, small balsam
and reedy growth.

The bird life here is not that of the
deeper swamp but consists of such
species as are found in the outside
region—Towhees, Cardinals, Catbirds,
Vireos, Thrasher’s Buntings, Gros-
beaks, Yellow Warblers and others.
An hour and we were well on our way
down the Jericho, and had seen several
Hooded and Prothonotaries and Paru-

THE OOLOGIST 187

las and Green-crested Flycatchers and
Green Herons. Dr. Ralph took a shot
at a Wood Duck (Aix Sponsa) which
alighted in a ditch ahead of the boat.
He had his trusty 10 gauge double bar-
rel but though the range was not ex-
cessive he did not make a kill. Later
on he got a shot at the bird, knocked
it down but did not kill it. The wound-
ed bird dived and succeeded in evad-
ing us and avoiding capture by getting
away in the dense reeds. We saw Sev-
eral other Wood Ducks later and I got
seven downy young which I made into
nice skins. They were very pretty,
being in the yellow, downy stage. I
think I got them at one shot. It
seemed a pity to shoot them but I
wanted them for the museum and they
would make a nice group. I found
Woodcock later but they seemed like
ghosts in the wonderful way they got
away without being secured. In the

evenings they would soar, rising high ©

in the air on fluttering wings and would
descend gradually. They were numer-
ous about the cahin. We proceeded
the rest of the distance and reached
Lake Drummond about three o’clock
p. m., having covered the ten or twelve
miles safely. We found a negro picnic
party at the lake and they were in
temporary charge of everything, and
very noisy but interesting.

We were soon unloaded and com-
fortably settled in the little cabin or
hut on the bank of the Jericho canal
and within a stone’s throw of Lake
Drummond. at a point where the Jer-
ico Canal interseats with Washington
Ditch. These waterways are very nar-
row outlets from the lake and reach
all the way out to the swamp’s edge.
Their water is coffee colored and
choked in some places with sphagnum,
mosses and logs, but mainly open and
one can see ahead of them as far as
the eye can reach. There are several
beautiful bends, one called the horse-

shoe bend, for the most part their
course is straight ahead and is un-
curved. There are several ponds of
water far back in the swamps and
there are one or two springs of clear
water, one on the southern end and
another at Jack’s Camp—Old Jack, a
famous old swamper holds forth there.

| J. W. Daniel, Jr.

iN ae Se ae Sea

Tarrant County, Texas Breeders

Birds that I have found breeding in
Tarrant County, Texas, are as follows:

Road Runner not common.

Yellow-billed Cuckoo common.

Belted Kingfisher not plentiful.

Downy Woodpecker, not plentiful.

Pileated Woodpecker nearly all gone

Red-headed Woodpecker common

Flicker, rare.

Nighthawks, common.

Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, common.

Kingbird, rare.

Crested Flycatcher, common.

Phoebe, rare.

Blue Jays, rare.

Crows, common.

Cowbirds, common.

Red-winged Blackbird, common.

Meadowlark, common.

Orchard Oriole, common.

Purple Grackle, rare.

Boat-tailed Sparrow, common.

English Sparrow, common.

Grasshopper Sparrow, common.

Lark Sparrow, common.

Field Sparrow, rare.

Cassins Sparrow, rare.

Cardinal, common.

Blue Grosbeak, rare.

Painted Bunting, common.

Dickcissel, common.

Summer Tanager, rare.

Bell’s Vireo, common.

White-eyed Vireo, rare.

Blue-winged Warbler, rare.

Yellow-breasted Chat, rare.

Mockingbird, common.

Carolina Wren, common.

188

Texas Bewicks Wren, common.
Tufted Titmouse, common.
Plumbeous Chickadee, common.
Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher, rare.
Bluebird, common.
Wood Duck, rare.
Green Heron, rare.
American Coot, rare.
Killdeer, common.
Bob white, scarce.
Mourning Dove, common.
Turkey Vulture, common.
Black Vulture, common.
Harris Hawk, rare.
Red-tailed Hawk, rare.
Red-shouldered Hawk, rare.
Krider Hawk, rare.
Sparrow Hawk, rare.
Barn Owl, common.
Horned Owl, rare.
Barred Owl, rare.
Long-eared Owl, rare.
Screech Owl, common.
Burrowing Owl, rare.
Ramon Graham,
Ft. Worth, Texas.

per Alals eeeeee L VEE 2 Pots
Two Notes on Vireos

In June, 1918, I collected a set of
three slightly incubated White-eyed
Vireo eggs, taking the nest with the
eggs, near Nevada, Mo. The nest was
in a small crotch on the end of a low-
hanging branch of an Osage Orange,
and was about one foot above the
ground. The following day I located
the pair building a new nest about
fifty feet away in some tall weeds. This
time the nest was about three feet
from the _ ground. I don’t know
whether this is unusual or not, but it
seems to me that the pair wasted very
little time in beginning their new nest.

Our most abundant breeding Vireo
at Lexington is the Bell’s Vireo. Nests
may be found with complete sets the
last week in May. I think four eggs
is about the medium number of eggs
unless a Cowbird lays in the nest,

THE OOLOGIST

which in four out of five nests is the
case. On May 29, 1918, I collected a
set of five eggs. This is the largest
set I have collected, but as the eggs

were fresh, there might have been

more had I left it. The most common
sets consist of two Vireo’s and three
Cowbird’s and vice-versa. The nests
are to be found in the dense willow
growths along the Missouri River. A
horizontal crotch about four feet from
the ground is the usual choice. The
nests are tightly woven, deep baskets,

‘and are so strongly built that they

often last through one or two winters.
The nests are best located by tracing
the “sewing machine song” of the
male.
See
Bird Notes

Boat-tailed Grackle and Mourning
Dove keeping house in the same nest.

I read in the June number where a
Dove and a Robin laid their eggs in
the same nest. Several seasons ago a
local collector and myself took a trip
around the Everman loop south of Ft.
Worth. We came to a _ Boisdarc
thicket about 150 feet long and 50 feet
wide. It was near the road so we give
it an examination. And a colony of
Grackles were found here. You could
see nests every where you looked.
The Grackles were tame, many stay-
ing on the nests while others flew
around cackling at us. We took sev-
eral nice sets and observed many
more. A Dove was seen sitting on a
Grackle’s nest, so we took a look and
to our surprise she was sitting on two
eggs of her own and three Grackle’s
eggs. I estimated that about fifty
pairs were nesting in this thicket. The
Grackles’ haunts are being slowly cut
down. So they seem to be using some
other part of the country as I only ob-
served several pairs on my last trip
around the loop.

Ramon Graham.

\

THE OOLOGIST 189

Nesting of the Black-billed Cuckoo.

So far as my experience goes with
the Black-billed Cuckoo they usually
nest in the thick marsh willows, and
not very high up from the ground, and
nearly always place the nest on hori-
zontal or practical horizontal branches,
seldom in upright forks and as a rule
construct a substantial nest and lay
from two to five eggs, as Wilson states
in American Ornithology.

Nest number one was found among
thick willows, two and a half feet from
the ground, and contained two eggs.
The bird remained on the nest until
I almost touched her. This nest was
like all the other nests I have found,
with but one single exception. It was
built in a very large thick patch of
willows. I did not find any more nests
for twenty-seven years, when one day,
a very hot day, I lay in a very shady
place under a willow already for a
plunge in the river, when on looking
into a willow branch above my head,
I saw a nest. Getting quickly to my
feet I looked into it, when to my sur-
prise I saw it was filled with eggs. I
took them out and there were five of
them and they were very cold and
seemed to be settled into the nest.
As the nest had a deserted look I de-
cided to take them home. I prepared
them to carry and placed them with
my belongings. On preparing them I
had to use acid, as they were badly in-
cubated. The nest was in a leaning,
bushy branch up about three feet.

While taking a stroll along Cedar
River, near Vinton, Iowa, I found a
nest of this species in a small crab
apple tree, up about three feet, con-
taining one infertile egg, the nest giv-
ing evidence that young had occupied
it.

The next nest I found was in the
usual piece of willow near here, placed
in a slight crotch of an almost horizon-
tal branch, scantily hidden, up about

1918.

three feet and contained two slightly
incubated eggs. I visited the nest
three times and had a chance to watch
the bird before she left. A bad storm
that destroyed other nests in the wil-
lows seemed to have not affected this
nest.

The next nest that I found was a
new looking nest and empty, though
I think it was deserted. The next
nest I found was a new nest placed in
the forks of an incline branch up about
forty inches, contained two broken
eggs and one whole one. It had been
party upset by the recent hard wind
and rain storm and was deserted. I
took the eggs home and am trying to
prepare them with the use of acid, but
I am afraid it won’t plan out. I later
found three other nests, the last one
was possibly an old one. The follow-
ing is the data for each set.

Nest number one, dated July 31,
1891, locality Columbus, Wis., placed
in a willow scrub, two and one half
feet from the ground, loosely built of
small sticks, skeletons of leaves, leaves
of willows, moss and grass, lined with
moss, small twigs and a few feathers
from the bird, and a little vegetable
down, measures outside 8.25 x 14 x 2.5
inches deep. The eggs are a deep
bluish green, measure 1.16 x .81 and
1.17 x .82 inches, incubation advanced.

Nest number two, date August 6th,
Was placed in a leaning bushy
branch, up about three feet, composed’
of small twigs, willow leaves, moss
and leaf skeleton buds and lined with
finer material of the same _ kind,
measured some eight inches across,
and 2.5 inches deep. The eggs are a
greenish blue, growing paler when
dried. When fresh had a slightly
clouded effect, measure 1.10 x .88; 1.14
x82 1200 x 80: 1.09) x 80; Las:x. 78
form eliptical.

Nest number three, I found late in
August 1918, along Cedar River, near

190 THE OOLOGIST

Vinton, Iowa. I did not collect this,
it was placed in a small wild crab
apple tree, up about three feet and
contained one infertile egg of the
usual type and color. The nest was
of the usual material and well made
and well placed close in on a shelving
of small branches, nicely hidden.

Nest number four, date Aug. 4th,
1919, was in the usual patch of thick
willows near here, placed in a slight
erotch of an almost horizontal branch
of a willow, about three feet up, scant-
ily hidden, but well made of small
sticks and willow leaves, moss and
catkins and lined with the softer ma-
terial. It measures outside 10 by 10,
2.5 in. deep. Eggs two in number,
deep rich greenish blue, beautifully
clouded, but fading after blowing and
drying, form, one eliptical, one oval,
measures 1.13 x .78; 1.10 x .78.

Nest number five, evidently a new
one, was empty and probably deserted,
in upright fork.

Nest number six was in the same
patch of willows, date Aug. 2nd, 1919,
was placed in a leaning fork branch,
well made of the usual material, deep
cuped. It had been partly upset,
though well protected, had two broken
eggs and one whole one, which proved
to be badly incubated and dried, so
that the acid had little effect, measures
1.15 x .80 in., greenish blue, slight
cloud effect, form eliptical.

The other nests I found were in the
same patch of willows, placed in the
usual way and were empty, all were
well made, of the usual material.

Geo. W. Vos Burgh,
Columbus, Ohio.
Ee laa Pee
A list of birds Observed on May 19,
1919, On a Hike In the Vicinity
of Telford, Bucks: Co., Pa.
Green Heron.
Black Crowned Night Heron.
Least Sandpiper.

Semipalmated Sandpiper.
Solitary Sandpiper.
Upland Plover.
Spotted Sandpiper.
Killdeer Plover.

Bob White.

Mourning Dove

Turkey Vulture.
Sparrow Hawk.
Yellow Billed Cuckoo.
Kingfisher.

Hairy Woodpecker.
Downy Woodpecker.
Red Headed Woodpecker.
Flicker.

Night Hawk.

Chimney Swift.
Kingbird.

Crested Flycatcher.
Wood Pewee.

Least Flycatcher.

Blue Jay.

Crow.

Starling.

Bobolink.

Cowbird.

Red Winged Blackbird.
Meadowlark.

Orchard Oriole.
Baltimore Oriole.
Purple Grackle.
Goldfinch.

Vesper Sparrow.
Grasshopper Sparrow.
White Throated Sparrow.
Chipping Sparrow.
Field Sparrow.

Song Sparrow.

Swamp Sparrow.
Towhee.

Scarlet Tanager.
Purple Martin.

Barn Swallow.

Rough Winged Swallow.
Warbling Vireo.

Yellow Throated Vireo.
Blue-headed Vireo.
Worm Eating Warbler.
Tennessee Warbler.

THE OOLOGIST 191

Northern Parula Warbler.
Yellow Warbler.
Black Throated Blue Warbler.
Myrtle Warbler.
Magnolia Warbler.
Chestnut Sided Warbler.
Bay Crested Warbler.
Black Poll Warbler.
Blackburnian Warbler.
Black Throated Green Warbler.
Oven Bird.
Northern Water Thrush.
Maryland Yellow Throat.
Wilson’s Warbler.
Canadian Warbler.
Redstart.
Catbird.
Brown Thrush.
House Wren.
White Breasted Nuthatch.
Wood Thrush.
Robin.
Blue Bird.
ee Ne a ae
Observation Taken at Madera Canyon,
in the Santa Rita Mountain, Between
June ist and June 14th, 1919.
Mourning Dove—A few seen in the
upper Sonorian and Transition Zones,
common in the Lower Sonorian.
White Winged Dove—Fairly com-
mon in the Oak belt. Most common
Dove in Lower Sonorian.
Ant Eating Woodpecker—A few pair
seen in Oak region.
Western Night Hawk—A few indi-
viduals seen at night.
Cassin Kingbird—Two pairs seen on
June 11th, near the mouth of cannon.
Black Phoebe—A few individuals
would be seen near creek every day.
Two nests of four eggs each taken on
June 1iith. Both nests were on the
side of rocks near creek. One was
within two feet of the water, other
was about 14.
Western Flycatcher—tThree sets of 4
eggs each were found on June 9th.
Two of the nests were in deserted

ait “is

mine tunnels each on a small ledge
about two and one half feet from
floor, other nest was on rafter of mill.
The mine had been abandoned. Two
of these sets were taken.

Long Crested Jay—One seen near
summit of “Old Balde”’ on June 2nd.

Arizone Jay—Fairly common in oak
region. A nest of four fresh eggs was
taken on June 6th. Two nests were
found on June 9th. One nest had 3
heavily incubated eggs and other had
five, one half grown young. These
nests were within 12 feet of each
other. All sets taken are in collec-
tion of J. H. Bowles, Tacoma, Wash.

Donald A. Still,
Tuscon, Ariz.
eae 1 ea ee ata: Siz a
Books Received

WEST CHESTER BIRD CLUB
—Historical Sketch Summary of Year’s
work 1918-1919—Compiled by Commit-
tee on Publication—This publication of
20 pages gives a Resume of the activi-
ties of this well known Club during
the period of time noted on the title
page. In it we note chronical activi-
ties of some well known Oologist con-
tributors—Thomas H. Jackson, Robert
Sharples and B. H. Warren, etc., and
illuminated by numerous well
executed half tones. Those of the
nests and eggs of course, being that
prince of photographers, Thomas H.
Jackson, including illustrations of the
nests and eggs in situ of the Worm
Eating Warbler, Kentucky Warbler,
Chestnut Sided Warbler and Phoebe—
There is also a list of birds recorded
by the West Chester Club since its or-
ganization and a list of the members.
Mechanically the publication is perfect
and its contents very interesting to
those studying the birds of that vi-
cinity. An Experience with Howard
Grebes—Separate PP 170-180. The
Auk, April 1919 with six half tones
by Alexander D. Dubois. This very

192 THE OOLOGIST

interesting paper gives the writer’s
experience with this species in Teton
Co., Mont., in the Spring of 1917. In
it he readably describes the observa-
tions made of the birds, their nests
and eggs. The illustrations are es-
pecially good. The paper is supposed
to be a first record of the nesting of
this species in Montana.

Passed Away.

Earl Cassidy of Chicago, one of our
valued subscribers, died at his home
May 14, 1919. Thus the birdman’s
world is deprived of another young
man. To his bereaved family we ex-
tend our sincere sympathy.

Editor.

MAGAZINES WANTED
I will pay the highest prices for any one of the following back numbers of

these publications.

Agassez Bulletin. Buffalo, N. Y.,
1885. All except Vol. I, No. 5.
The A. A. Bulletin, Gilman, IIl.,

1390s Vol baNo. 3s.

The Agassi Record, Oskaloosa, Ia.,
1888, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

American Magazine of Natural
Science, 1892-3, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6;
Vol. II, No. 1.

The Agassiz Companion, Wyondotte
Ks., 1886, Vol. I, all but No. 2;Vol. 11,
all but 3-5-6-10; Vol. III, all but 1-5-10-
11-12.

Amateur Naturalist, Ashland, Maine,
1903-6, Vol.I, all; Vol II, all; Vol. III,
all except Nos. 1 and 4.

Bear Hill Advertiser, Stoneham,
Mass., 1908, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 3, and
all after No. 4.

American Osprey,
1890, Vol. I, No. 6.

The Buckeye State Collector, Ports-
mouth, O., 1888, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6.

Ashland, Ky.,

‘Bulletin of the Oologists Assn.,
Omaha, Nebr., 1897. All except No. I,
Vol. 1.

..California Traveller and Scientists,
1891-2, Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol.
II, all except No. 3 and all later issues.

The Collector, West Chester, Pa.,
1891, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 1-2-3.

The Collector, Des Moines,
Vol. H, all except Nos. 6-7-8.

Collectors Journal, Fayetteville, Ia.,
1901, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Collectors Monthly, Newburg,
N. Y., 1893, Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-4.

Collectors Notebook, Camden, N. Y..,
1903-4, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 2 and 6.

The Curio, Benson, Maine, Vols. I,
TAO V5 Val:

Collectors Monthly, Philadelphia,
Pa., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 1.

1882,

If you have any of them write me at once.

R. M. Barnes, Lacon, IIl.

The Collectors Monthly, Oakland,
Calif., 1911. All published except Nos.
2, 3 and 4 of Vol. I.

The Curio Exchange, New Kamilche,
Wash., 1901-2, Vol. I, No. 4 and Voi.
Ii, 3 and all atter-.

Empire State Exchange, Water Val-
ley, N. Y., 1889, Vol. I, all except Nos.
1-5-10; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1 and 2;
Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-3-4; Vol. IV,
all except 1-2-3-4.

The Exchange, Quendota, IIl., 1889,
Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 4.

The Exchange, Adrian, Mich., 1885,
Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5.

The Exchangers Monthly, Vol. IV,
complete, 1888.

Exchanger and Collector and Ex-
changers Aid, 1885, Canaijohorie, N.
Y., all except Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2.

Forest and Field, Gillertville, N. Y.,
1892, all except Vol I, Nos. 1 and 5.

Golden State Scientist, Riverside,
Calif., 1886, Vol. I, No. 1. The Sup-
pressed copy.

The Guide to Nature Study and
Nature Literature, Stanford, Conn.,
Vol. I, No. 12; Vol. Il, all attersNow
Vol. Illl, IV, V; Vol. IV, NositaStass
and No. 10. Also issues of March,
Nov. and Dec. 1909 and from Jan. 1910
to Dec. 1913, inclusive and March 1914
and July 1915 to Jan. 1916 inclusive.

The Hummer, Nebraska City, Neb.,
1899-1900, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

lowa Ornithologist, Salem, Ia., 1895-
1 VorRorv; Noss:

Kansas City Naturalist, Kansas
City, Mo., 1886-91, Vol. 5, Nowa:

The Kansas’ Naturalist,. Topeka,
Ks., 1902, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Maine O. and O., Garland, Me.,
1890-1, Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-12; Vol. II, No.

ape
The Naturalist, Kansas City, Mo.,

THE OOLOGIST

1890, Vols. I, II, III and Vol. IV except
Nos. 6-8 and 10.

The Natural History Collectors
Monthly, 1893, Vol. I, except Nos. 1-2-
3-4.

The Naturalists Companion, Branch-
port, IN. Y:, £885; ,Vol. I, No. 1.

The Naturalists Journal, Frankfort,
and Phila., Pa., 1884, Vol. I, Nos. 4
and 7; Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3-4.

Nature Study Review, Chicago, II1.,
All issues prior to No. 45; also Nos.
46, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 72, 74, 93, 94 and
inie

The Observer, 1889-1917, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 1-2-3-6; Vol. II, all except
No. 3; Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-45-6-
7;Vol. IV, all except Nos. 2-3; Vol. V,
Nos. 6-8-9-10-12; Vol. VI, Nos. 2-7-10-12:
Vol. VII, Nos. 10- 12; Vol. VIII, all ex-
cept No. 4.

Ohio Naturalist, Ohio State Univer-
sity, 1889-1895, Vols. I-II-III and Vol.
IV, No. 5 and all later issues.

The Old Curiosity Shop, Vol. IX,
No. 6.
The Oologist and Botanist, Des

Moines, Ia., Vol. II, Nos. 3-4-5.

The Oologist Advertiser, Danilsville,
Conn., 1889-90, Vol. I, No. 1.~

The Ornithologist, Twin Bluffs, Wis.,
ten. Val. 1, No. 1.

The Oregon Naturalist,
Ore. 1398,. Vol. 11, No. 7.

The Owl, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6,
Vol. I, all; Vol. Il, all except Nos. 1
and 2; Vol. III, all except No. 2.

The Stormy Petrel, Quendota, IIl.,
1890, Vol. I, Nos. 2 and 6

The Taxidermist, Hyde Park, Mass.,
1907-14, all after Vol. II, No. 7.

The Valley Naturalist, St. Louis,
No. 1878, all except Vol. I, No. 1.

The Weekly Oologist and Philatlest,
all published except Vol. I, No. 2 and
Vol. II, No. 2.

The Western Naturalist, Topeka,
Ks., 1903, all issues except Vol. I, No.
it

EKugene,

The Western Naturalist, Quadison,
Wis.,
II, Nos. 1-5-6.

The West American Scientist, San
Diego, Calif., 1885 to 1902, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 5-9-11; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 15-21; Vol. III, all except Nos. 27-
31; Vol. IV, all except Nos. 43-47-53;
Vol. VI, Nos. 61. Vol. VIII, 66-68-69-70-
71--72-73 and all after No. 139 except
No. 158.

The Wisconsin Naturalist, Milwau-

1887-8, Vol. I, Nos. 7-9-10; Vol. -

III

kee, Wis., Vol. I,, all except Nos. 6-6;
All of Vols. II-III-IV and V; all of Vol.
VI except No. 1; all of Vol. VII except
Nos. 77 and 78; all of Vol. VIII except
Nos. 79-81-82; all of Vol. IX except
Nos. 87-88-89-90.

The Young Collector, Des Moines,
Ia., 1881-2, all issues except Vol. lI,
No. 41; and Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3.

The Young Naturalist, Galesburgh,
Ill., 1884, Vol. I, all except Nos. 1-4-5.

The Young Ornithologist, Boston,
Mass., 1885, Vol. I, No. 10.

SPOT CASH—I will buy entire col-
lections of birds’ eggs and send lists.

B. R. BALES, 149 W. Main St., Circle-
ville, Ohio.
WANTED—Eggs of Waders and

Shore Birds. Send list of what you have
to dispose of for cash. B. R. BALES,
M.D., 149 W. Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

EXTRAORDINARY OFFERR—Exten-
sive Collection of First Class sets, Sin-
gles, Nests Data for Disposal. Make
offer. Enclose 2 cent stamp for reply.
American and Huropean Specimens.
DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, 457 Greene St.,
Augusta, Ga.

TO EXCHANGE —Singles without
data, at half rates, for sets: A. O. U. 7,
44, 117, 182, 206, 217, 2S. 258, 260. 290,
300c, 368, 372, 726c, 748a, and many
others. Bi irae BOWLES The W oodstock,
Tacoma, Wash.

FOR SALE—30 sets of Red Shoulder
Hawks. Sets of 2, 3, 4, at 12c per egg.
30 sets Crow sets, 4 to 7 each, at 4c
per egg. Good datas. Remit 10c for
postage with each order. RANDALL
M. SNOW, Arlington Heights, Mass.

FOR SALE—Stevens Taxidermist’s
gun, 18 inch barrel. Price $6.00 CHAS.
F. CARR, New London, Wis.

W ANTED—Reed’s—“The Bird Book”;
Beebe’s “Two Bird Lovers in Mexico,”
Ornithological books of Tropics. CLYDE
D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio

WILL TRADE “Birds of the North-
west” for “Game Birds of U. S.” Can
supply most birds of Northwest. STAN-
TON WARLENTEN, Jr

TO EXCHANGE FOR EGGS IN SETS
—22nd Annual Report Indian Dept. of
Geology and Natl. Resources, 1897; 1197
pages.

Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin, Chas.
B. Cory, 1909, Field Museum of Natl.
Histology; 764 pages.

Michigan Bird Life, Barrows, 1912,
Mich. Agricultural College; 822 pages.

Bird Life; Frank M. Chapman, Edi-
tion in colors, 1898.

Hand Book, Birds of Hastern North
America, Frank M. Chapman; 431 pages.

The Warblers of North America,
Chapman, 1907.

GERARD ALAM ABBOTT,
City Manager,
Otsego, Michigan. -

IV THE OOLOGIST

THE OOLOGIST’S SPECIAL CLUBBING OFFERS FOR 1920

The following offers are made by Special Arrangement and we cannot guar-
antee prices for more than 30 days. Place your order now and take advantage
of these Bargains. Subscriptions may commence with any issue desired.

ite *OoOlOeists 65 cto. atch eee ee cee cles $50) . The Oolosists: fon. os. eee $ .50
American Magazine... .0..:2...... 2.00 Delineator: Vv. 5 Ss 45 2.00
Woman’s Home Companion...... 2:00. -Hivery.body’s oo. « foo). 0 eee . 2.00
Publishers: PrmiceGs. : seen neon $4.50 Publisher’s Price... )..2.5eoee $4.50
A OOO 3 o's Cakcne CLL cate ee $3.35 All 3 fOr sie .4 ose. eee $3.35
OAV CMS Ce re teats Oman tee tent tetas $1.15 Save i... cee. at ee $1.15
ANS TOOlOSIST Ae yomiey trian aetetetel $ 50 The Oologist...... e
Pictorial Review ......0scsseee. 2.00 “Modern ‘Priscila...
McClure’s Magazine............. 2.00 McCall's Magazine......... ogee 1.00
Publisher’s Price.............. $4.50 Publisher’s “Price... ...:..emeEe $3.00
All 8 for... ss. ee seen e eee $380. AM 3 for?. 3340) $2.25
} Samer 56 eek CS ae cee ber $1.15 Save 2). lo aes
The (OGlOSISEs ue. S ae Bites cates hed $ .50 :
Reviews of Reviews............. 4.00 iis oes Pe : Pe
Everybody’s Magazine or Ameri- CG ae Ss or cece ee eo eo eee eo eee eee 4.00
Gan Gani id, 0G Vaal We ee eee el () CRPUEY Ts 0 ht ons + tet ee ;
Publisher’s Price............-. s650 p Ublishers rice. ae LY
All’ 3° for! .. 3... Ob.c 2 ee $5.85
AS: BLOM oeo%, lone... se. fete Ieee $4.85 S $2.65
ave pcs eee ee $1.65 ONO Oe ee ns
The Oolesicr /.) el ae eet seen $ 50 The Oologist.................+.. $ .00
Metropolitan 2. . aalt.osce. cals 3.00 Youth’s Companion.............. 2.50
Curréent<Opimion.. 2's ite 3.00 Pictorial Review.........-...... 2:00
Publisher’s Price.............. $6.50 Publisher’s ‘Price... . singe $5.00
Te Boho ae ce ea, Wee . $4.85 All Three Tor... <2 14 eee $4.00
SAG Pith Oath Saute hoeene $1.75 Save <0. c. bs fiase fee eee $1.00
AME WOOO GUS cee shecgausebbera meee $..00. ° The /Oologist...occ 1.2). eee ee $ .50
Adil «@uptdOOnses..) 4 isos tne hed eee 2.00. OUtinig 205 see oboe tee 3.00
Morest “and Stream’, kas se sheen S 2.00 Independent ......:...> .\scieo eeeeee 4.00
Pinblishers!WPrices:.. 7.5.0. ene $4.50 Publisher's Price... .:.ee eee $7.50
AT ged MOM sA aims ak se eels ce, manne $3.35 AD): 3. BOR GS osc go ace, ays cae eee $5.35
SA ViG neces 1 Rite ie oleae enon $1.15 Save wc ccs eae see ee $2.15

ORDER BLANK
GRUMIAUX
News & Subscription Co.,
175 Fifth Ave., New York City.
Please send the following magazines, each for 1 year, for which I enclose

Name of Magazine When to Begin

ee eee eee eee ee ee ee wee we wee ee eee oo essere eee ees ees ee eee eee eeeeeose ee eseeeeeeeeeee ee
ececeee eee ee eee eee sere eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee esesesee see eee ee ees eres ese
eee e eee ee eee eee eee ees ree eer ee ese eee eset FO eoeeeeoeeeseseeseeeseese eso esses ezreseees se
CC ec cD

eoceceeveererere eee eee eee eee eee ewe eee woe ee eee er eee eee eevee esseseee ese ree eee e eee eee ee eo @

THE OOLOGIST V

MISCELLANEOUS.

FOR SALE—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
BE. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1 and 2 of
Thorburn’s British Birds. Very hand-
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

BHXCHANGE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
foreign specimens. Have some Fox
Squirrel skins to offer. O. M. GREEN-
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

WANTED—Bird skins—must be per-
fect; also small mammal skins. Good
photographs of birds, birds eggs and
nests and mammals in their nature
situ. and haunts to be used in publica-
tion and with privilege to publish
those you send. Can offer cash or good
exchange. J. W. DANIEL Jr., Western
State Hospital, Staunton, Va.

SALE or TRADE—Pair of field

I want copy of Holland “Moth
or some other good book on
moths. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatche@ turtles,. mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.00
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies._ Price-list on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for a or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to. become_ac-
peeinted with active Oologist in New York

ity, Westchester Co., or nearby, with view
to expeditions next spring. L. C. 8. please
write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains,
mee.., be. . DD, No, 1.

FOR EXCHANGE-—Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea orere
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene 1 ee

eed) Also many natives. Want A
e of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingty.

Conn.

The Oologist is the best medium of oe
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,
the entire U.S.

Who has skins or mounted fox pare.
colors, Black, White, Gray, Black Yellow,
Black; Cinnamon mixed with black or pure
white squirrels. EARL HAMILTON, Ver-
sailles, Boro., McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—20 gauge aux. chambered
for 32 Ex. Long. J. A. MUNRO, Okana-
gan Landing, B. C.

FOR EXCHANGE—One fine CONLEY
4x5 Plate Camera, 17 inch Bellows.
Adopted for close up Nature Study.
Want good 25-20 or 32-20 RIFLE, or
Books on OOLOGY. EARL MOFFET,
Marshall, Texas.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Eaton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTEHED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand’ stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

WANTED—Cash or exchange, vols.
1, 2, 3 of Ridgeway’s BIRDS OF NORTH
AND MIDDLE AMERICA—vols. 5, 7 of
same series to offer. Also want first
class compound microscope. Ee os:
LADD, 4354 McPherson, St. Louis, Mo.

ee ets eg ee eae er oe
WANTED—12 Gauge Double Barrel
Or repeating shot gun at moderate

price. C. G. HART, East Berlin, Conn.
Box 47

WANTED TO BUY—Auk, vols. 1-32,
odd numbers; Bird Lore, vols. 1-14;

Oologist, Utica, vols. 1-5; Ornithologist
and Oologist, all of vols. 6-12, vol. 13
title and index only, and vol. 15, no. 7;
Young Oologist, vols. 1 and 2; Nidiolo-
gist, vols. 1-4; Osprey, vols. 1-5, and
vol. 1, new series; and all other ama-
teur bird and natural history periodi-
cals. ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF
ARCHIVES AND HISTORY, State Cap-
itol, Montgomery, Ala.

FOR SALE—Two Butterfly Books.
Instructions for collecting and preserv-
ing Lepidopters. Price $1.75. The En-
tomological and Ornithological collec-
tion hand book. Price $ .75. Both books
by James Sinclair. Los Angeles, Cal.

A. M. NELSON, JR., oss Providence,

WANTED—One perfeet skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.

Will pay cash. K. B. MATHHRS, Batavia,
IN|. 3%

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”
BEST RESULTS

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the
Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

“The Condor’’ is strictly scientific
but edited in such a way that a be-
ginner of ‘“Bird Study’’ can easily un-
derstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’, are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in
the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

THE

“Blue- Bird’’

Is now published monthly, the
year ’round, with new and inter-
esting departments, features and
contests, and

At No Additional Cost to

Subscribers
Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird
Lovers’ Association.
SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY

Annual Subscription, $1.50
AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE

“THE BLUE-BIRD,”
1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

Paul G. Howes” - -

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art
Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this

only if it bears full data.
Nothing will be considered that is not up to
the standard of this Museum. That means
perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who
wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut

EE —————— SS

- Assistant Curator

THE QOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

VoL. XXXVI. No. 11. ALBION, N. Y., Nov. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 3891

<pitheonian lnstitgz~

NUV 26 me,
ép

ae

Ona) Wase

—_=

I THE OOLOGIST

BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, Fer Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 25 cents

for each 25 words for one issue; egych additional

serted for less than 25 cents

word 1 cent. No notice in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-
ican Birds for sale for persons having a lawful authority under the law to deal

in the same.

These columns are for the use of those desiring to make bona fide

exchanges of such specimens for scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

in answering advertisements in these columns mention “The Oologist,’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, II1!.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North
American species of skins for specimens
needed in my collection. C. W. CHAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American
Jays send list. I will pay the highest
price for those that I need. R. M.

BARNES, Lacon, Ill.

BIRDS—Have a good list of skins
and mounted specimens for sale; also
mammal skins, game heads, mounted
animals and rugs, all well mounted and
prices moderate. M. J. Hofman, Taxi-
Germist, 1818 Bleecker St., Brooklyn,

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O. U. No. 306, taken north ef
the center of the U. S. If the birds are
only slightly wingtipped this will not

For them I will pay a good
R. M. Barnes, Lacon, | Ill.

nests for birds skins from south and
east. STANLEY G. JEWETT, Pendle-
ton, Oregon.

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large well-mounted
Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-
ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. ED-
WARD S. COOMBS, 243 Franklin St.,
Boston, Mass.

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G. B. REGAR,
1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

W ANTED—One or more sets of A. O.
W. 636. Can offer good sets of 325, 343
or 364 in exchange or cash. Inve lie
SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
nests. Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.

DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.

The following first class skins offer-
ed: 132, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 153,
221, 2238, 230, 239, 241, 242, 254, 255, 256a,
379a, 3938a, 394b, 401a, 402a, 413, 4338,
468, 478c, 478d, 488b, 498f, 508, 510, 518,
524a, 529a, 540a, 554a, 567f, 581f, 588a,
607, 618, 652b, and other western spe-
cies. J. A. MUNRO, Okanagan Land-
ing, B. C.

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange ———
for nests, skins and eggs, we would a
preeiate it if you would arrange the
numerals in your exchange netiee in
(heir numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some of
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

W ANTHD—PEntire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNBS, Lacon, IIl.

EXCHANGE for sets with data. Per-
sonally taken while an Officer “Over
There.” Helmits, (plain spiked), Gen-
uine Iron Crosses, German wound
Mitols, etc. GEO. MASON, 1301 So. Lake
St., Ft. Worth, Texas.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State
College, Pa.

SALE—Trumpeter Swan’s egg,
from Minnesota: Perfect specimen,
very abnormal. Will consider cash
offer only. ALBERT LANO, Fayette-
ville, Ark.

FOR EXCHANGE—15 1-1; 3la 1-1:
105.2 1- 1, 107 1-1, 108.1 1-1; keg:
; 4741 N-2; 475 1-5;

533 1-3; 3;
5;

6

FOR

538 1-4; 543 1-3;
560a N-4; 574.1 N-2; 604 1-4; 615 N-5;
622a 1-5; 629a N-4; 646a N-4; 726c N-
N-5; 741 N-6; 743 N-7; 748a N-7T,
J. H. BOWLES, The Woodstock,
coma, Wash.

FOR SALE—A few personally taken
sets of Nova Scotia birds eggs. I hold
a collecting and shipping permit issued
in accordance with the Bird Treaty.
R. W. TUFTS, Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

FOR DISPOSAL—A large and exten-
Sive collection of Birds’ Eggs from
Europe and America. Send 8c stamp
for complete list. DR. CLECKLEY’S
MUSEUM, Augusta, Ga.

WANTED—An entire collection of
North American Birds Eggs in sets with
full data. Send full list to W. A.
STRONG, 41 Grand Ave., San Jose, Cal.

FOR EXCHANGE—AI1 personally col-
lected sets of Mississippi Kite, Swain-
son’s Hawk, White-necked Raven, 5-6,
3-7, Black-crested Titmouse 1-6, and
many others. Want your complete
lists of duplicates. E. F. POPE, Box
301, Albuquerque, N. Mex.

1 Nance

THE OOLOGIST. —

VoL. XXXVI. No. 11 ALBION, N. Y., Nov. 1, 1919. WHOLE Nv. 391

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill.

TAKE NOTICE.

: SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR ;

Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. it denotes the time your sub-
scription expires. Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all
arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-
tion expired with December issue 1918. Other expirations can be computed by intermediate
numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21, 1903, at the post Office at
Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

}

oe

With this issue we publish the last
of the series of photos taken of the
North American Wild Geese, nesting
on our home place. The Lesser Snow
Goose, Chen hyperborea. No other
publication in America has had the
privilege of displaying to its readers
the home life of so many varieties of
wild geese as The Oologist.

R. M. Barnes.

wy

ING

e
'@ en

:

With this issue the Oologist ex-
hausts the supply of copy on hand
which is unaccompanied with photo-
graphs. We specially ask our readers
to send us copy of this kind at once
and in large quantity. Copy accom-
panied by photographs which require
the making of half tones is very ex-
pensive and hence we need at least
five unillustrated articles to each one
which is accompanied by photographs.
Please help support the Oologist.

—KHditor.

vA

i @

SA)

:

eZ

7)

194 THE OOLOGIST

RUFFED GROUSE
By H. H. Johnson, Pittsfield, Maine

Mother said ‘sit tight;’ if not these
words it was something in Grouse lan-
guage that was so understood by a
number of very young Bonasa umbel-
lus, or it may have been Bonasa um-
bellus togata, or worse yet, it may
have been ‘new subspecies; for as
near as I can make it out, if you find
the bird on top of a hill it is one
species, where as if you flush the same
bird at the foot of the hill, it is
another; half way down it is a hybrid
I suppose. Bendire in his Life His-
tories of North American Birds writ-
ing of the Ruffed Grouse says, “In
the New England States north of Mas-
sachusetts it intergrades with B. um-
bellus togata, the majority of the
specimens found throughout southern
Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and
northern New York being scarcely re-
ferable to either form, birds found in
the high lands approaching’ the
Canadian Ruffed Grouse, while those
in the valleys are nearer typical Bo-
nasa umbellus.”

I have shot Ruffed Grouse here in
both the light gray and dark brown
plumage; hence we will use the local
name and just call it ‘Partridge.’ The
young Partridges were about the size
of a Song Sparrow minus the tail.
They were still in the yellow down ex-
cepting the flight feathers which were
not quite the length of the body, but
grown enough to allow the birds to
make a flight of a rod at a time.

When I came upon them Mother
Partridge came fluttering toward me,
to detract my attention, at the same
time giving a warning to the young
which is best described as a whine.
After the young Partridges had scat-
tered in all directions except toward
me, I commenced to hunt for them,
looking in the small trees and bushes
at about the height of my head; know-

ing that like well brought up children
they would mind Mother and sit tight
wherever they chanced to alight. —

I soon found one in a clump of gray-
birch bushes and about six feet up. It —
chanced that this particular young
Partridge had not secured a good
perch, having to stand with one foot
very much higher than the other.
There it stood with its head up look-
ing straight ahead; I thought to move
in a circle around the bushes just to
see if it would turn its head to watch
me, but no, Mother said ‘sit tight;’
even when I reached up and drew
down some branches in order to get
a clear view, it never moved in the
least.

Mother Partridge still continued to
whine, but only once again it appeared
in sight, though she did not fly away
as she would had the young been
somewhat older and larger.

Father Partridge, when I flushed
him soon afterward flew at once. I
left this young Partridge and searched
for another which I soon found in
another clump of birches; this one
set well, but when I reached up after
pulling away the branches, to take it
in my hand, it was more than it could
stand and at once flew to a place of
safety. I then left them and the dis-
tressed mother. I once flushed a
flock not so old as these; the young
could run but not fly. This time I
searched for them on the ground.
Mother Partridge was making a great
commotion among the leaves, thrash-
ing around and whining. These young
were harder to find; after some search
I found one completely hidden as the
young bird supposed, as it had its
head tucked well under a leaf, but all
the rest of the body exposed; yet it
was hard to find as it set tight, be
sides being so near the color of the
leaves which covered the ground and
which the mother had well stored up.

THE OOLOGIST 195

I picked this one up in my hand, it
making no move to get away, but
snuggled down quite content. After
holding and examining it as long as
I wished I again placed it on the
ground and my, did it not scamper
when it found itself free from all
cover of any kind. It remembered that
Mother had said hide and there it was
without cover.

The Ruffed Grouse often nest inthe
woods on my farm, sometimes I find
the nest in the older and larger growth
at the foot of some large tree, or un-
der some upturned root again in the
young but denser growth; a brush
pile is a favorite nesting place, the
nest being placed under the edge;
once I found a nest in the midst of a
blackberry bramble, and once, and
the most exposed nest I ever found
was on the top of a knoll in the open
pasture.

Samuels, in Birds of New England,
reports receiving eggs from his col-
lectors in Northern Maine which they
declared to have been found in a
crow’s nest in a high pine. He also
reports another occurrence of such
matter from Pennsylvania. The nest
is usually made of leaves, sometimes
a little grass enters into its com-
position and a few feathers from the
mother may be found in it. The cup
of the nest is not large nor deep; a
mere hollow. The egss vary in num-
ber, twelve might be called an average
set. A nest found May 8, 1892 con-
tained six eggs, others I have found
contained twelve, fourteen and fifteen.
A nest reported in the Ornithologist
and Oologist, July 1891 issue con-
tained twenty-one eggs, another found
at Franklin, N. Y. May 14, 1902 con-
tained a set of twenty of which seven-
teen hatched. (American Ornithology
Vol. II). The color of a set of eggs
of the Partridge now before me is a
light buff, one of which is noticeably

lighter in color than others; over this
ground work there is sprinkled minute
spots or dots of light brown, at no
point thick and most obscure. They
measure 1.50 x 1.25 inches. The
Ruffed Grouse in spite of the increase
of latin names, which are added to it
every little while by the discovery of
a new subspecies by the Bird Doc-
tors has shown a very marked de-
crease in numbers in this locality and
in Maine. The decrease has been
most noticeable the last three years.
This decrease, in my opinion, has
been caused largely by cold, wet
weather at hatching time; the eggs
becoming chilled and from that reason
failed to hatch, or if they did hatch
the young became wet and chilled,
this causing them to die. There has
also been a gradual decrease each
year as the state became more thickly
settled; more land being cleared,
therefore less cover and more hunters.
This has been overcome to some ex-
tent by shorting of the open season
by law. The flesh of the Partridge
is most excellent to eat and is especial-
ly prescribed by physicians for in-
valids; of all wild game there is none
better. All hunters of the Partridge
are familiar with the ‘whir’ with which
it rises from the ground on being
flushed, often causing the _ startled
novice to shoot wild; yet this bird
can and does fly swiftly and silently
as I have noted; wending its way
through the forest and thickets with-
out mishap. It has always been a
mystery to me how a bird which fly-
ing with the speed it does between
the trees of the forest without acci-
dent should so many times lose its
life by flying against the side of a
house or barn. I once saw such a mis-
hap occur to a Partridge. A number
of the boys who were attending a pre-
paratory school situated in this town,
were playing ball on the campus in

196 THE OOLOGIST

the fall of the year; this bird came
around the corner of the school build-
ing and flying over our heads struck
the wall of a house near and was
killed. My brother once caught alive
a Partridge which flew into his wood-
shed. These accidents nearly always
occur in the fall of the year during
the open season and are perhaps
caused by being frightened by hunters.
The food of the Partridge consists of
both animal and vegetable matter;
they are fond of grasshoppers and I
have often shot them along the sides
of our country roads where they had
come both to feed and to dust in the
roadway. They also use the tops of
ant hills and bare, dry knolls as dust-
ing places; one finding these dusting
places it is well to look there again
on another day when in quest of game
as they are much frequented. There
is a small bush which bears light red
berries growing wild here; this berry
is often eaten and I have shot Part-
ridges with the crop cramed full of
them; later in the fall one will find
them in the trees, budding yellow
birches being the favorite; they also
eat apple tree and rose buds.
fan, MR ae Nee
Birds Observed From Train, From
Austin, Texas to Burnet, Texas
By Ramon Graham
Mr. G. HE. Maxon and myself was
going from Austin to Burnet on the
H. & T. C. R. R. We observed many
birds along the way. Mourning Doves
were the most plentiful. I counted
them up until I got to four hundred
and still saw more along the route.
Only one bunch of Texas Bob Whites
were observed: there were ten of
them. Six Ducks which looked to be
Wedgions or Baldpates were seen as
the train was speeding by a small
shalow lake. Scissor Tailed Fly-
catchers was plentiful. I saw as
many as thirty in one bunch. I Kept
count of them until I counted fifty.

Twenty-two Lark Sparrows were ob-
served near the railroad. Sparrow
Hawks were plentifully scattered
through the country. Ten was count-
ed and I saw more after I quit count-
ing. Mocking Birds were not as
plentiful as you would think. I only
saw two along the route. Crows were
noticed two and three at a time. Fif-
teen were counted. Two Sharp
Shinned Hawks were noticed darting
after Sparrows. White-rumped Shrieks
was seen in singles. I saw four. Only
one Meadow Lark was observed sit-
ting on the fence wire beside the
track. Through a thick brushy coun-
try I saw four Painted Bunting. Only
one Dickcissel was observed. One
Downey Wood Pecker. One Grass-
hopper Sparrow, two large Hawks
were sighted in the distance, but I
was unable to identify them. No Vul-
tures was seen, to my surprise. But
taking it altogether I think I got a
pretty good list of birds along such a
short route of three hour’s travel.
After reaching Burnet we got inthe
tin lizzie and hit it for Ft. Worth,
Texas, some three hundred miles over-
land. Between Burnet and Lampassas
we saw twenty Sparrow Hawks in one
bunch. Sitting on telephone wires,
fence posts, etc. Between Adams-
ville and Hamilton we passed through
the best Vulture country that I ever
witnessed. Vultures of both kinds
were plentiful. The hills were high
with plenty rock bluffs and cliffs for
their nesting grounds. Near Walnut
Springs, Texas, we came upon a six
foot rattlesnake in the road. We got
out and had a battle with him. He
never attempted to get away, but give
fight at once, as he was making a coil
ready to spring at Mr. Maxon, a heavy
rock hit him in the head and it was
good-bye snake. We skinned him
and will make it into a wall mount.
Ramon Graham, Taxidermist,
Ft. Worth, Texas.

197

7

THE OOLOGIS

‘OIUNTL “VW

‘¢ 4q 010Ug—'D “gq ‘Ule}UNO|] B9RUUOL

'-) ‘gq ‘ueBeueyO e4e7 JO “JasuNS

2)
&

THE OOLOGIST

BIRD LIFE IN PORTO RICO.
Needed Protection Suggested by Study
of Department of Agriculture Spec-

ialists—Value of Birds as _ Des-
troyers of Injurious Insects Not
Fully Appreciated.
Washington, D. C.—Because of the
damage done to the crops of Porto
Rico by insect pests, a study of the
birds of that Island has been com-
pleted by the U. S. Department of Ag-
riculture, in co-operation with the
Porto Rican Government. This study,
the results of which are now published
as Department Bulletin. 326, “Birds of
Porto Rico,’ was undertaken for the
purpose of determining the relations
of the birds to the insect fauna of the
island, in order that suitable measures
might be suggested for the protection
and increase of insectivorous species.
The investigators recorded 162
species and subspecies in Porto Rico
and its dependent islands, while 16
others are included as hypothetical.
Of the bona-fide forms, 94 breed on
the island, 63 are visitants during mi-
gration, and 5 species, perhaps resi-
dent at one time, may be called ac-
cidental. On the average, about 30
species are found in reasonable num-
bers during summer in almost any in-
land locality on Porto Rico, and a
few more North American migrants
are added in winter. Near the coast
these numbers are augmented some-
what by water birds. Certain areas
are seemingly destitute of bird life,
say the investigators, but to show that
birds are more numerous in Porto
Rico than is commonly supposed, two
censuses were taken during the breed-
ing season, in which accurate count
was made of the numbers of species
and individuals seen. At Yauco 391
birds belonging to 385 species were
listed in four hours in traversing a
distance of 5 miles. Near Lares 335
individuals of 27 species were seen on

199

an area approximately the same size.

As a result of examining the stom-
achs of more than 2,200 birds, the in-
vestigators found many varieties
which feed upon the ‘“changa,” the
Sugar-cane root borer, the May beetle,
and other destructive insect pests.
The “changa,’’ or mole cricket, with-
out doubt one of the most injurious
insects in Porto Rico, was found to
be eaten by 21 species of birds. The
Sugar-cane root borer, known also as
the orange ‘eaf-weevil, was included
in the dietary of 17 species.

Among the common birds found in
Porto Rico, the investigators found
none which may be called wholly per-
hicious. The small bird-eating Accipi-
ter is certainly injurious, and its larger
relative, the red-tailed hawk, is
troublesome when it acquires a taste
for poultry. Certain other species,
while to some extent destructive, make
up for their damage in other ways.
It is asserted that birds do some dam-
age to ripening coffee berries by eat-
ing the sweet pulp surrounding the
inner berry, but as yet this chargeis
unsubstantiated. The damage, says
bulletin, is apparently done by rats
which, being unseen, are not suspect-
ed, the birds getting the blame for the
misdeeds of the rodents. Many species
of birds, such as woodpeckers, fly-
catchers, cuckoos, and others, are of
great benefit in the coffee plantations.
A few birds, the oriole and spindalis,
for instance, were seen eating oranges,
but in every case they attacked only
wild fruit that was dead ripe and be-
ginning to soften. The honey creeper
came to sip the juice when the oranges
were once broken open. Quail-doves
pecked open the rotting sweet oranges
for the seeds as they lay on the
ground, but no birds were found at-
tacking sound cultivated fruit in the
citrus groves. Insectivorous species
in feeding about the trees destroy in-

200 THE OOLOGIST

numerable pests and assist in keeping
the trees clean.
How To Increase the Birds.

One of the first steps in an attempt
to increase bird life in Porto Rico,
say the investigators, is to provide
adequate legal protection both for the
birds and for their nests and tomake
sure that the laws are properly en-
forced. As an aid in the enforce-
ment of protective laws no method is
more available, they say, than the edu-
cation of school children. If they are
taught to look on birds as friends and
not to disturb them, many a brood of
young that otherwise would be des-
troyed will reach maturity. Courses
in nature study have been found in-
teresting and profitable wherever un-
dertaken in elementary schools, and
will prove especially so in Porto Rico.

That birds need shelter as well as
protection will not be questioned and
owners of plantations should look
carefully to providing this if it is not
already present. A long level stretch
of cane or tobacco, with not a tree or
other obstruction to break its con-
tinuity, offers little encouragement to
the bird in search of shelter and food.
A similar stretch of cultivated land,
with lines of symmetrical royal palms
or cocoanuts along the roadways and
dense clumps of bamboos adorning
the borders of streams, while not los-
ing any of its productiveness, will pro-
vide an attracting feeding ground for
birds which will more than repay the
owner in the great numbers of. in-
jurious insects they consume.

The martin, which nests in natural
cavities in trees or in crevices about
buildings in towns, might be attract-
ed to the country if nesting boxes
were provided. <A hollowed-out cala-
bash on a pole would be as readily
accepted as a more pretentious man-
sion capable of housing several pairs,
but the shelter should in all cases be

placed in an open location with a free
sweep on all sides-and well elevated.
eee eee es
Just Some Notes From Kansas.
Taxidermists attention. Some weeks
ago I had occasion to mount a mother
bat and three young. Two of the
young were to be hung up asleep and
the third was to be in the act of ob-
taining nourishment from its mother.
So far so good. But, how is the
female to be hung up while its young
is feeding? Upside down in conven-
tional bat sleeping position, or hang-
ing by the thumbs on her wings?
Whether this last is right or wrong,
I have hung her that way but I would
like to know for sure.

I do not remember who it was who
told me or where I got the idea that
the common domestic pigeon never
alights in trees. It was proven be-
yond a doubt that this was not always
so, at least. The pigeons on a farm
in Johnson County spend a good deal
of their time in several oak trees near
the barn where the pigeons nested.
And the farmer told me that these
birds have done this for years.

On the afternoon of June 15 (1919)
while I was painting a large barn, I
noticed several Bank Swallows flying
about the lot with an occasional Barn
Swallow in their midst. One of the
former alighted on the ground an in-
stant but was up again before it had
closed its wings, and when this’ was
repeated a couple of times, I became
curious and investigated. A small,
downy feather had caught in the mud
and was stuck pretty fast.

I went back to work but watched
the bird until it finally pulled the
feather loose and flew riverward-——a
good half mile away—to where I
knew a colony of these birds to be
nested.

THE OOLOGIST 201

What I thought was remarkable in
this was that after each try at the
feather, the swallow would sail about
for nearly five minutes before at-
tempting again. Its actions reminded
me of a plane whose pilot was en-
deavoring to locate some camouflaged
object.

Oct. 5, 1919. A flock of about a hun-
dred Night Hawks were observed on
the evening of October 4, 1919, flying
in a north-easterly direction. During
the night the temperature dropped
fifteen degrees.

Ralph J. Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kansas.
ae te SS ee eee
An Autumn Jaunt..

Recently I went for a short hike
over the wooded hills that flank the
Kaw Valley in these parts, to get an
insite on the workings of nature as
fall comes on.

Colors of red, orange, yellow, rus-
set and brown had begun to show
among the trees and shrubs, beautiful-
ly displaying the handiwork of Jack
Frost. The hickory and walnut trees
had a more abundant yield this fall
than usual, and when I was quiet
awhile the red squirrels with an oc-
casional gray, came slipping out to be-
gin ‘the gathering of their winter’s
supply where they had been interrupt-
ed by my approach in their domain.

Blue Jays were plentiful and kept
just ahead of me with their screech-
ings so that any of the wild folk that
night be in the neighborhood, would
know that I was about. While the
‘Crows were not over plentiful, I was,
at no time out of hearing of their
call, and I feel that though no other
creature is in sight or hearing, the
woods are not deserted if I but can
hear the familiar call of the Crow.

Oftimes I pause in my work during
these October days, when the voice

of the-Crow comes to me from these
hills, and I forget for a time, my paint
brush and the smell of turpentine and
lead, and seem to find myself removed
to a wood where life and the world
is new. Something stirs within me
as though in response to a primeval
calling.

But to get back to my hike.

Ever and anon I found evidences
where I had failed to use my eyes
properly during the spring and sum-
mer. Here, for instance, in a bush is
unmistakably the nest of the Chewink,
and there out on the limb of a serub
Black Jack is a nest once belonging
to a Vireo, while the empty cradle of
the Baltimore Oriole hangs near the
top of a stunted cottonwood, and un-
der the ledge or roek along the bank
of a now dry stream, is a nest built
by a Phoebe.

(I might here add that while exam-
ining this last nest, I came near strik-
ing my face against a large and well
populated nest of the paper wasps
hanging from the rocky ledge, and
then and there decided that my pres-
ence was required farther up the
creek).

O, the woods hold much of interest
to the lover of nature at this time of
the year, and it does one good to get
away even for a hike as short as this
one occasionally.

Ralph J. Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kansas.
Oct. 22, 1919.
eae Oy BAe ae
Concerning Chimney Swifts.

I never saw so many Chimney Swifts
at one time as gathered about the
grade school here in town, in the
early evenings of the latter part of
August and during the month of Sep-
tember. Before the sun was down,
from all directions, could be seen the
Swifts coming to this one location.
Some would be flying low while others

202

were but mere specks in the evening’s
blue. And when the flock was the
largest—just about twilight-fall—their
exhibitions of flight was a marvel to
the eye.

Thousands of birds there were, fly-
ing about with no apparent leader.
Up and back, round and round they
would go, and to keep from “side-slip-
ping” on these fast turns, instead of
“banking steeply” as a plane must do,
they would commence a rapid flitter-
ing of the wings. Now they would
sweep over the building in one grand
rush, the flock breaking in two to the
left and right; a short distance be-
yond, after they had swung back, they
meet again in a mass of whirling and
twisting birds, resembling nothing so
much as autumn leaves whirled about
by a lively breeze.

All the time these flights are going
on, birds could be seen flying head-
long into the mouth of one of the big
furnace chimneys. Some, failing to
get a foothold, would come back out
for a swing around again and another
try. The last bird would generally
be inside by the time darkness fell
and one wonders how all those active
little creatures could find a place to
cling on the sooty interior of the great
chimney. And would not there be a
great confusion if a net should be
placed over the top before they came
out on the morrow—quite a kiddish
thought, that, is it not?

The first week in October found the
Swift flock greatly diminished and by
the 15th they were all gone.

Ralph Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kansas.
Oct. 20; 199:
Tin Le ER Aa tek

The Curiosity of the Wood Ducks.

On October the fourth I was up the
lake about five miles, hunting Fox
Squirrels, I came to a nice grove of
squirrel timber near the lake shore, I

THE OOLOGIST

saw where the squirrels had been cut-
ting acorns and pecans, so I sat down
here and kept a sharp lookout for a
squirrel to show up. While I was here
a pair of Wood Ducks lit out in the
water about three hundred feet from
shore. There was lots of dead timber
all through the water where they lit.
But they could be easily seen from
time to time. so I thought to myself
that I would make a noise with my
mouth and scare them. I made all
kinds of racket and different sounds;
the more racket I made the closer
they would come to the bank. The
female was in the lead, with the drake

following. I sung them a song and
closer they came. I whistled them a
tune. I hollered at them, quacked

like ducks and everything that you
could think of. They would not fly
away, but came right up to the bank
and took a look at me. I was sitting
down and they could not figure out
what I was. So I said, “Well, I am
going to scare them somehow.” I
popped my hands together and the fe-
male said ‘“‘Let’s go, mate,” and away
they flew, squaking for five minutes
after they flew up. This proves, no
matter how wild any duck is, it can be
decoyed by a curious note, and they
will come up to investigate at the risk
of their life. ;
Ramon Graham,
Lake Worth,
Tarrant Co. tex
eeet See a a NNT

A Snake Story.
Some doubting Thomases may not be

inclined to believe the story, but C.

M. Wells, Belen, N. M., says that the
gratitude of New Mexico rattlesnakes
is quite well known, and to substan-
tiate Mr. Smith’s story he relates the
following:

While doing certain topographical
work along the line of the Eastern
Railway of New Mexico, Jerry Mosko-

THE OOLOGIST

vitz, an instrument man, noticed the
rattle population was being rapidly de-
pleted by the paisanos, (Road-runner),
and he frequently witnessed battles
royal between the bird and the reptile.
Crossing a sandy waste one day, Mos-
kovitz came upon a particularly fine
specimen of snake fighting for its life,
and without any ado went to the
rescue, driving off the bird.

The snake, evidently, thinking that it
had found a friend for life, followed
him into camp and made a home in
one of Jerry’s old boots. Now Jerry is
a particularly sound sleeper, alarm
clocks notwithstanding, and this the
snake soon noticed, so, festooning
himself on the head of Jerry’s bed, he
thrust his head into the_ sleeper’s
watch pocket, so as to get the correct
time, hung his tail by Jerry’s ear and
promptly began to rattle at 5 a. m.

Jerry has now become famous for
his early rising.—Clipping from A. F.
Ganer, Nashville, Tenn.

—— i
Texas Bird Notes.

Oct. 10. Three large bunches of
geese came in from the north and
flew over my camps. I said to a
friend of mine that it would be cool
weather soon. And it was cool
weather before dark. When a bunch
of geese shows up at Lake Worth this
time of the year you can always bet
on cool weather.

One morning the Barn Swallows
came over camps by the thousands;
they were flying north, and it sur-
prised me to see them going north in-
stead of south, but it was not very
long until a big rain storm came up
from the south. Then after the rain
the wind changed to the north and it
got cool, then the Swallows came
back by camps flying south. The
birds seem to know when the weather
is going to be bad. Swallows are
spending most of their time at pres-

203

ent flying back and forth over the
lake, they can be seen by the thous-
ands dipping down to the water all
around the lake.

Six big American White Pelicans
were observed the other day, down in
the big waters. Several single Peli-
cans have been noticed at times.

Ten Blue Jays were seen in one
bunch headed south.

All kinds of Terns and Gulls are
coming in and departing every day.

Blue Herons are plentifully scattered
ever the lake.

Pied-billed Grebes showed up a week
ago but all are gone now.

Two American Osprey were ob-
served flying over the lake. They
have been here several days.

To date, Oct. 15th, the Ducks are
not showing up yet to amount to any-
thing, although not a day passes that
several bunches of Ducks can be seen
over the lake.

Ramon Graham,
Lake Worth,
Tarrant Co., Tex.
REESE BOS a ae
Screech Owls.

At the country home of Dr. T. B.
Hill of this city, about four miles from .-
town and what is known as the —
Vaughn road, is a small grove of trees,
mostly elms, which have been there ©
since the settlement of that locality
sometime prior to 1860. In this little
grove, covering about three and one-
half acres, was situated the home of
the father of the present owner to
which he moved shortly after his mar-
riage in February, 1861. Mrs. Hill,
recently deceased, states that shortly
after she went there, or about the
1st of May, 1861, she remembers a
Screech Owl’s nest in a certain tree
in the grove. The Owls have con-
tinued to nest in the grove, from that
time down to the present. The pres-
ent owner recalls that there have been

204

a few nests in a tree in the extreme
southern end of the grove, but the
nest has been in this one particular
tree, near to and immediately in front
of the residence, nearly every year of
his lifetime.

During the spring of 1918, Dr. Hill
had all the trees scraped and the cavi-
ties filled, except the one in this par-
ticular tree, in which was found a nest
and three eggs, with the Owl setting.
The workman who filled the cavaties
lifted the bird from the nest, partly
closed the cavity, both above and be-
low her nesting place, cut a new en-
trance for her and returned her to the
hest without the lease disturbance of
her incubating operations. The little
ones remained in the vicinity for sev-
eral weeks, and in fact were noted
there as late as September 5th. Dur-
ing the late spring of 1919 the same
cavity housed a nest.

I thought this fact interesting in-
asmuch as several members of the
family are positive that this same cavy-
ity has been used nearly every year,
as an Owl’s nest since the home situ-
ated in 1861, and in those years in
which the nest was not in this tree,
it was the one not over 100 feet away.

Peter A. Brannon,
Montgomery, Ala.
aig Ao ee 2

Getting Even With Mrs. Killdeer

Although I had arrived at some-
where near that rather mystical period
of life termed middle age, I have
broken from all my past traditions. I
have become a feudist. I, who have
shone refulgent as a member of Mr.
Ford’s late pacificatory mission, had I

been better known to fame, have sworn
a deadly, yet undying vendetta. And

this is how it all came about.

One day last spring I started out for
a walk up the railroad track leading
out of our little village. I was at
peace with myself, with the world, and

‘broken wing.

THE OOLOGIST

with most of all creatures contained
therein, so far as I knew, and life
never had seemed more pleasant or
more promising.

But before I had gotten fairly out of
the yards the rude awakening came,
in the shape of a fluttering specimen
of, (I almost said humanity), Aegiali-
tis Vociferous—in common parlance
except Mrs. Killdeer who was labori-
ously dragging herself over the ties a
few feet ahead of me. I noted sym-
pathetically her seemingly helpless
condition and stooped to pick her up,
with no intention but to see if some-
thing could be done to alleviate her
crippled condition.

Now, to me, it was a very strange
thing that happened. For when I
placed my hand on her she was else-
where. She was about six feet away,
and evidently was suffering from a
It seemed a pity to
leave her to the tender mercies of the
first prowling feline that chanced
along, so I speeded up a little and

again essayed to come to her rescue.
But Mrs. Killdeer seemed a trifle coy

about being rescued, and once managed
to slip through the dragnet of my fin-
gers. She stopped, exhausted, a few
feet farther on, and I now noted that
it was the other wing that was broken,
and that she also showed marked
symptoms of rheumatism, with a

slight trace of infantile paralysis.
In her thus decrepit condition it

seemed clear that this was a case for
the immediate application of the prin-
ciples of Oslerism. With this benev-

olent purpose in view I trotted along
the ties, and soon came up with the

afflicted one, this time sure of making
my capture. But here again my sensi-
bilities received a jolt. For, as Mrs.
Killdeer crept on ahead of me, I per- —
ceived that all of my former diagnases
had been erroneous, and that the real
trouble with her was that she had

THE OOLOGIST

been in bad company, or else had been
keeping late hours. For her condition
clearly indicated that she had reached
that advanced stage of intoxication
which is described as “sociably in-
ebriated.”’

She staggered, she fell, she re-
covered herself and reeled about, but
always out of reach. She uttered un-
intelligible sounds and seemed rather
inclined to hilarity. And finally, to
my utter confusion, after having led
me for six or eight rods down the
track, conducting myself all the time
in such a way that I must have ap-

peared ridiculous to the chance ob-

server, she suddenly came to a com-
plete recovery of her full powers and
winged her way into the distance,
hurling behind her anathema and dis-
dain.

I pocketed my chagrin as best I
could, shook my fist at the the now
jubilant deceiver, and retracing my
steps to a point about five rods back
of the spot where the pseudo-invalid
had first appeared. I crouched behind
some convenient tile and awaited de-
velopments. Nor had I long to wait.
Very soon the erstwhile paralytic de-
secended to the track and ran nimbly
along the ties, uttering her mournful
“D-H-A-R, dear, dear,’ which no doubt
indicated her complete sympathy for
gullible state of mankind in general.

She ran about ten or twelve feet,
then paused for an instant to note
whether she was observed, I suppose.
But I remained under cover, for I was
incensed at the treatment I had re-
ceived. Soon she made another dash
forward, with waning sympathy for
the untutored state of man, and final-
ly the soumus died out altogether and
Mrs. Killdeer came to rest just ten
inches outside one of the iron rails
and disappeared.

Realizing that my stalking was at

an end, I arose and walked leisurely

205
up the track, keeping my eye fixed on
the spot where my victim had appar-

ently vanished. Suddenly a brownish

white streak shot a few feet up the
track, close to the ground, and again

I beheld that same little imposter,
throwing epileptic fits and three dif-
ferent kinds of convulsions, and ap-
parently afflicted with all the ailments
that every kind of flesh is heir to. But
I have never been a rolling stone, and
I was not to be beguiled again by the

same realistic mendacity or wendacium
realism. I soon reached the spot she

was so anxious for me to pass by and
there, close to the rail, and lying in a

slight depression in the gravel, were
four speckled eggs, surrounded by half
a dozen blotched pebbles, their equal
in size, and almost indistinguishable
from them.

As the incubation was certain to be
interrupted in such surroundings, I
added the set to my rather meagre
collection without a qualm, and I felt
that, all things considered, matters be-
tween Mrs. Killdeer and myself now
stood about fifty-fifty for points.

But it would seem that Mrs. Killdeer
was not altogether satisfied with my
division of the honors. I presume

that from her view point I had snuffed
out the careers of four other little

promising prevaricators, which doubt-
less seemed ample justification to her

for the annoyance I was subjected to
throughout the summer. For so surely

as I would come anywhere within
range of the Killdeer habitat, some
member of the family would instantly
take wing, screaming at the top of his
voice, “Here comes the long-legged six
foot egg-stealer! Let’s make it warm
for him.” And then the insults would
begin to come from all sides, and if I
ventured down to the shore there

.~would appear several members of the

family, in various stages of decrepi-
tude, each with some acrimonious as-
persion on his tongue’s end, twitting

206

me not alone of crime but also of stu-
pidity. For, search as I would, I
could not find another nest, although
I was absolutely certain there were
others in the neighborhood.

They made it so uncomfortably for
me that for a time I avoided them al-
together, so far as I could. But one
day, when I was strolling along a
country road, fully one-half a mile
from where any self-respecting Kill-
deer would take up his abode, I was
startled by the old familiar cry coming
over the meadows. Soon one of my
unrelenting enemieS was over my
head, screaming at the top of his
voice, “Egg-stealer! Egg-stealer, Hgg-
stealer!” (Some would say it was
“Killdeer, Killdeer, Killdeer, but I
know better), I knew he had come
from the slough a long distance off,
and then it was I swore out my ven-
detta, and planned to circumvent my
relentless enemies.

You remember I spoke of some
speckled pebbles that surrounded the
eggs I had so uncermoniously tre
phined. Thence came the inspiration.
I then and there swore deeply that
when the next nesting season should
come around I would hunt up all the
stones I could find, and would plant

them in groups in promising spots in ©

the Killdeer habitat, carefully mark-
ing each location. And so surely as
I find one of my traditional enemies
nesting in such location, I shall take

steps to protect her from chance
marauders, so that I may have my re-

venge. And for that revenge I have
planned to go up there and throw
angle-worms at Mrs. Killdeer when-

ever I happen to feel like it, even .

though she be right on the nest at the
time.
<> —____—_

Humming Bird Joke

In April Jake Zeitlin and myself
were scouting along the banks of Lake

THE OOLOGIST

Worth in search of Humming Birds’
nests. When we would see a bird we
would watch it because that was the
only satisfactory way to find their
nests. A Hummer came buzzing by and
lit in a dead tree. They usually build in
dead trees or dead branches around
here, so we watched it. In a few
minutes another Hummer appeared
and went to pumping food into the
one that we were watching. Then the

-mother bird flew to another part of the

tree and lit by another young bird.
We laughed, because it was a joke on
us, watching a young bird expecting it
to go to a nest. These young were as
big as any Hummer I ever saw and
was still depending on the old birds for
food. iis
Ramon Graham.

Oe

Kill 4397 Cats.

Los Angeles, July 20.—Conservation
may be the reason for destruction of
4397 cats in Los Angeles during the
past year. Obversely 15,603 dogs were
licensed in the same period. The
figures are taken from the annual sta-
tistical report of the Humane Animal
commission, which reveals a useful
record of productive work accom-
plished. Nearly 5,000 “large animals”
have been examined, and 79 convic-
tions for cruelty to animals obtained
out of 84 arrests made. The financial
statement shows a net balance of
$166,664.86.—San. Jose Mercury.—W.
A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

joe aie i eet Choe
Bird Day.

May 4 is official bird day, and it is
the one hundred and thirty-sixth an-
niversary of the birth of John J. Audu-
bon, who is best known as a studen
and lover of birds. He said the song
of the Wood Thrush moved him to
prayer.—W. A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

-

207

THE OOLOGIST

"6L6L “6 eunr

‘ouey ‘A Aq 010UgG-—
"2WO0H }B 38SOOH MOUS uaessey Aq }JO7 U

SUM Pev2sA0D sbhby pue

?

SON

ee

63

208 THE OOLOGIST

Lesser Snow Gander at Nest on Home Place. June 9, 1919.
—Photo by V. Lane.

THE OOLOGIST 209

The Crested Flycatcher.

This spring my two small brothers
constructed several bird houses out of
box lumber and placed them about the
yard in trees and on poles. One
house had an opening plenty large
enough for the entrance of the Eng-
lish Sparrow, yet this species of birds
did not even try to build therein, to
my knowledge. I wondered at this,
for it is uncommon for Passe domesti-
cus.

On the 28th of May I saw a Crested
Flycatcher go inside the box and re-
main quite a while before it flew
away. I had not then known of the
fact that these birds sometimes build
in prepared houses, and so thought
the bird only curious to see what was
inside. June 2, I saw some straws
protruding through the doorway and
asked one of my small brothers to
climb up and tell me what he saw.

“No,” he said, “there are noeggs, but
look what was in the nest.” He held
out a piece of snake skin. Right then

I knew the Crested Flycatcher had
begun to build, yet when she did that
building I never knew, for up to this
time I had seen the bird only once;
and the box was in such a place as to
be under my observation while I was
home. :

June 10. The bird flew out as I
climbed up and I found five eggs in a
nest in the right hand corned of the
box. In the left hand corner was
another nest containing several pieces
of snake skin, while the whole of the
box floor was covered to the depth of
half an inch. I thought this queer
- proceedings.

On June 14th, I again climbed upto
see how things were getting along. I
found the box had not been fastened
solidly and had shifted to one side.
No bird was about or in the box. One
egg was in the nest and another was
against the front wall; both in a bad

state, I later found, and no trace of
the other three in evidence.

The nest containing the eggs was
lined with feathers and horse hair,
but the other nest was. unlined;
neither being much the worse for be-
ing deserted.

I can only guess what happened to
nest and bird and my guess is simply
“Felis domestica.”

Ralph J. Donahue,
Bonner Springs, Kansas.
Oct. 5, 1919S.
coe ebro teeee oS Een ees aoe
NOTICE.

We are out of copy.

—Hditor.

——————_—_o—_—_

STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP,
management, circulation, etc., required
by the act of Congress of August 24,
1912, The Oologist, published monthly

a Apion, N.,.Y., Lor. October, 1919.
State of Illinois, County of Marshall.
Before me, a Notary Public in and
for the state and county aforesaid,
personally appeared R. M. Barnes,
who, having been duly sworn accord-
ing to law, deposes and says that he
is the owner, editor and publisher of
The Oologist and that the following
is, to the best of his knowledge and be-
lief, a true statement of the ownership,
management, etc., of the aforesaid
publication for the date shown in the
above caption, required by the Act of
August 24, 1912, embodied in section
443, Postal Laws and Regulations.

1. That the names and addresses
of the publisher, editor, managing edi-
tor, and business manager are: Pub-
lisher, R. M. Barnes, Lacon, Ill.; Edi-
tor, R. M. Barnes, Lacon, IIl.; Manag-
ing Kditor, R. M. Barnes, Lacon, []l.;
Business Manager, R. M. Barnes,
Lacon, Ill.

2. That the average number of
copies of each issue of this publica-
tion sold or distributed, through the
mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers
during the six months preceding the
date shown above is 650.

R. M. BARNES.

Sworn to and subscribed before me
this first day of November, 1919.

[Seal] VIVA LESTER.
(My commission expires Jan. 18, 1920.)

210

Bird Houses.
Minneapolis, Minnesota, stimulated
interest in the building of bird houses
by a bird-house show. The price of
admission was one bird house. Prizes
were given for the seven bird houses

declared to be the best. They were

. THE OOLOGIST

divided

The most attractive,

into the following classes:
the best bird
shelter, the best observation house,
the best combination house, the best
arranged house, the best feeding box,
and the best drinking fountain.—Class-
mate.—W. A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

MAGAZINES WANTED
I will pay the highest prices for any one of the following back numbers of

these publications.

Agassez Bulletin. Buffalo, N. Y.,
1885. All except Vol. I, No. 5.
The A. A. Bulletin, Gilman, [I11.,

1890, Vol I, No. 38.

The Agassi Record, Oskaloosa, Ia.,
1888, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

American Magazine of Natural
Science, 1892-8, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6;
Vol. II, No. 1.

The Agassiz Companion, Wyondotte
Ks., 1886, Vol. I, all but No. 2;Vol. 11,
all but 3-5-6-10; Vol. III, all but 1-5-10-
11-12.

Amateur Naturalist, Ashland, Maine,
1903-6, Vol.I, all; Vol II, all; Vol. III,
all except Nos. 1 and 4.

Bear Hill Advertiser, Stoneham,
Mass., 1908, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 3, and
all after No. 4.

American Osprey,
1890, Vol. I, No. 6.

The Buckeye State Collector, Ports-
mouth, O., 1888, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6.

Ashland, Ky.,

‘Bulletin of the Oologists Assn.,
Omaha, Nebr., 1897. All except No. I,
Vol. 1.

..California Traveller and Scientists,
1891-2, Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol.
II, all except No. 3 and all later issues.

The Collector, West Chester, Pa.,
1891, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 1-2-3.

The Collector, Des Moines,
Vol. II, all except Nos. 6-7-8.

Collectors Journal, Fayetteville, Ia.,
1901, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Collectors Monthly, Newburg,
N. Y., 18938, Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-4.

Collectors Notebook, Camden, N. Y.,
1903-4, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 2 and 6.

The Curio, Benson, Maine, Vols. I,
II, III, IV, VI.

Collectors Monthly, Philadelphia,
Pa., 1888. All except Vol. I, No. 1,

1882,

If you have any of them write me at once.

R. M. Barnes, Lacon, II].

The Collectors Monthly, Oakland, ~
Calif., 1911. All published except Nos.
2, 8 and 4 of Vol. I.

The Curio Exchange, New Kamilche,
Wash., 1901-2, Vol. I, No. 4 and Vol.
II, 3 and all after...

Empire State Exchange, Water Val-
ley, N. Y., 1889, Vol. I, all except Nos.
1-5-10; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1 and 2;
Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-3-4; Vol. IV,
all except 1-2-3-4.

The Exchange, Quendota, IIl., 1889,
Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 4.

The Exchange, Adrian, Mich., 1885,
Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5.

The Exchangers Monthly, Vol. IV,
complete, 1888.

Exchanger and Collector and Ex-
changers Aid, 1885, Canaijohorie, N.
Y., all except Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2.

Forest and Field, Gillertville, N. Y.,
1892, all except Vol I, Nos. 1 and 5.

Golden State Scientist, Riverside,
Calif., 1886, Vol. I, No. 1. The Sup-
pressed copy.

The Guide to Nature Study and
Nature Literature, Stanford, Conn.,
Vol. I, No. 12; Vol. II, all after No. 7;
Vol. Illl, IV, V; Vol. IV, Nos-i) toms
and No. 10. Also issues of March,
Nov. and Dec. 1909 and from Jan. 1910
to Dec. 1913, inclusive and March 1914
and July 1915 to Jan. 1916 inclusive.

The Hummer, Nebraska City, Neb.,
1899-1900, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

lowa Ornithologist, Salem, Ia., 1895-
7, Vol. IV, No.8.

Kansas City Naturalist, Kansas
City, Mo., 1886-91, Vol. 5, No. 10.

The Kansas Naturalist,. Topeka,
Ks., 1902, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Maine O. and O., Garland, Me.,
1890-1, Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-12; Vol. II, No. —
at

The Naturalist, Kansas City, Mo.,

THE OOLOGIST

1890, Vols. I, II, III and Vol. IV except
Nos. 6-8 and 10.

The Natural History Collectors
Monthly, 1893, Vol. I, except Nos. 1-2-
3-4.

The Naturalists Companion, Branch-
matey. Y., 1885, ,Vol. I, No. 1.

The Naturalists Journal, Frankfort,
and Phila., Pa., 1884, Vol. I, Nos. 4
and 7; Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3-4.

Nature Study Review, Chicago, I11.,
All issues prior to No. 45; also Nos.
46, 58, 59. 60. 61, 62, 72. 74, 98, 94 and
117.

The Observer, 1889-1917, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 1-2-3-6; Vol. II, all except
No. 3; Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-45-6-
7;Vol. IV, all except Nos. 2-3; Vol. V,
Nos. 6-8-9-10-12; Vol. VI, Nos. 2-7-10-12;
Vol. VII, Nos. 10-12; Vol. VIII, all ex-
cept No. 4.

Ohio Naturalist, Ohio State Univer-
sity, 1889-1895, Vols. I-II-III and Vol.
IV, No. 5 and all later issues.

The Old Curiosity Shop, Vol. IX,
No. 6.

The Oologist and _ Botanist,
Moines, Ia., Vol. II, Nos. 3-4-5.

The Oologist Advertiser, Danilsville,
Conn., 1889-90, Vol. I, No. 1.

The Ornithologist, Twin Bluffs, Wis.,
1885, Vol. 1, No. 1.

The Oregon’ Naturalist,
Ore, 1391, Vol. Il, No. 7.

The Owl, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6,
Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1
and 2; Vol. III, all except No. 2.

The Stormy Petrel, Quendota, II1.,
1890, Vol. I, Nos. 2 and 6

The Taxidermist, Hyde Park, Mass.,
1907-14, all after Vol. II, No. 7.

The Valley Naturalist, St. Louis,
No. 1878, all except Vol. I, No. 1.

The Weekly Oologist and Philatlest,
all published except Vol. I, No. 2 and
Viol. It, Nox 2.

The Western Naturalist, Topeka,
Ks., 1903, all issues except Vol. I, No.
ie

The Western Naturalist, Quadison,
Wis., 1887-8, Vol. I, Nos. 7-9-10; Vol.
II, Nos. 1-5-6.

The West American Scientist, San
Diego, Calif., 1885 to 1902, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 5-9-11; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 15-21; Vol. III, all except Nos. 27-
31; Vol. IV, all except Nos. 43-47-53;
Vol. VI, Nos. 61. Vol. VIII, 66-68-69-70-
71--72-73 and all after No. 189 except
No. 158.

The Wisconsin Naturalist,

Des

Hugene,

Milwau-

211

kee, Wis., Vol. I,, all except Nos. 5-6;
All of Vols. II-IJI-IV and V; all of Vol.
VI except No. 1; all of Vol. VII except
Nos. 77 and 78; all of Vol. VIII except
Nos. 79-81-82; all of Vol. IX except
Nos. 87-88-89-90.

The Young Collector, Des Moines,
Ia., 1881-2, all issues except Vol. I,
No. 41; and Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3.

The Young Naturalist, Galesburgh,
Ill., 1884, Vol. I, all except Nos. 1-4-5.

The Young Ornithologist, Boston,
Mass., 1885, Vol. I, No. 10.

SPOT CASH—I will buy entire col-
lections of birds’ eggs and send lists.

B. R. BALBHS, 149 W. Main St., Circle-
ville, Ohio.
WANTEHED—Egegs of Waders and

Shore Birds. Send list of what you have
to dispose of for cash. B. R. BALHS,
M.D., 149 W. Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

EXTRAORDINARY OFFEHR—Exten-
sive Collection of First Class sets, Sin-
gles, Nests Data for Disposal. Make
offer. Enclose 2 cent stamp for reply.
American and Huropean Specimens.
DR. M. T. CLECKLBEY, 457 Greene St.,
Augusta, Ga.

TO EXCHANGE — Singles
data, at half rates, for sets: A. O.
44, 117, 182, 206, 217, 28, 258, 2615 297,
300c, 368, 372, 726c, 748a, and many
others. Ji lak BOWLES The Woodstock,
Tacoma, Wash.

FOR SALE—Stevens Taxidermist’s
gun, 18 inch barrel. Price $6.00 CHAS.
F. CARR, New London, Wis.

W ANTED—Reed’s—“The Bird Book’;
Beebe’s “Two Bird Lovers in Mexico,”
Ornithological books of Tropics. CLYDE
D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio

WILL TRADE “Birds of the North-
west” for “Game Birds of U. S.” Can
supply most birds of Northwest. STAN-
TON WARLENTEN, Jr.

FOR SALE for Cash, or will exchange
for first class sets: One high grade
compound Microscope in case. Cash
value $50.00. Also have several hun-
dred sets to exchange or sell for cash.
EARL A. WHELLER, East Randolph,
INE Ye

without

Greater Yellow-Legs, Western Sand-
piper, Lesser Yellow-Legs, Upland
Plover, Black Bellied Plover, Mexican
Jacana,. White tail Kite, Swallow Tail
Kite, Ruby Crown Kinglet and Fox
Sparrow. I can use in return sets of
Hooded Merganser, Yellow Rail, Hud-
sonion Curlen, Pectoral, Least and
Semipalmated Sandpipers. C. A. AB-
BOTT, City Manager, Otsego, Mich.

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”

BEST RESULTS

IV THE OOLOGIST

THE OOLOGIST’S SPECIAL CLUBBING OFFERS FOR 1920
The following offers are made by Special Arrangement and we cannot guar-
antee prices for more than 30 days. Place your order now and take advantage
of these Bargains. Subscriptions may commence with any issue desired.

Mire. (OOlOZISts. . .Dasoswe teehee ee § 50 The QOologists...,....22. 2322 $ .50
American Magazine.............. 2.00 Delineator. :......0). 23h eee 2.00
Woman’s Home Companion...... 2:00 Everybody's ......1.. .Seeueeeeee 2.00
Publisher's) Pri€@s tacos. osen od $4.50 Publisher’s: Price... ...:h-.eouee $4.50
PNT) Sh cere St) Seas me ere ee act $3.35 All 3 £09.) 22)... 2 $3.35
SAGs SOS aie, Sees abe sere $1.15 Save ....5li. 2. eee $1.15
The Oologist. Lat anicn Seca iaieige tee resem $ 50 The Oologist..:.......).eeee $ .50
Pictorial Review Dee teens 2-00 Modern. Priscilla........ nee 1.50
McClure’s Magazine............. 2.00 McCall’s Magazine..............-. 1.00
Publisher’s: Prices ... 25/0. seeen $4.50 Publisher’s Price.............. $3.00
PTS UOTE iets eras scent cements $3.35 All. 3 for... :... amc $2.25
SANG talc iae eh. Bie cho eae $1.15 Gave ..uc.).. 4 $ .75
FPNE A OOO BIS. eral wis ccc tenehar hci te eae $ .50 :
Reviews of Reviews............. 4.00 eee a ; me
EXverybody’s Magazine or Ameri- Si S Work «1... 1. see eee e eee he
CAN cots SBE e aper pees skated Pe ENE 2.00 ne ea 00
Publisher’s Price............-. sp5) | ublishers Price) oe50
All 3 for. 00. 3 oo he eee $5.85
PA: HOM, coca oys, acco ce eet $4.85 Sav $2.65
ABIES os ten ee $1.65 Oris se rs he
Mae! Oolesist i..2. Mp, ede todee. $ 50 The Oologist................++.. $ .50
Metropolitan 20. .4 50.0. eel ose 3.00 Youth’s Companion.............% 2.50
Current Opinion Dp ke ath oe eg 3.00 Pictorial ‘Review... .. 22550888 one eOU
Publisher’s Price.............. $6.50 Publisher’s Pricé:...3.-35eeeee $5.00
AG Or hori ok tel ties a ee $4.85 All Three for... :..:. 6 $4.00
Seley Dairies eee RIE! ee | $1.75 SAVE oi es ole ecdie cle etna $1.00
‘ile OOlOSISE se. adds ce nen eecsraers $ 50 The Oologist. ....... ce. $ .50
PED FOMLAOOES chtsies. Sic cccts cw dies wee 2:00 OULING i... s ose oc.0es 6 eee 3.00
Forest and. ‘Streams te 2. s-sac t 2.00 Independent ...o..:....2/ eee 4.00
Pubbhisher’s “Prig@ ys. foc ais escuasete ° $4.50 Publisher’s .Price.... 2.22.0 $7.50
2101 ie a 3 1 Cr = Re AS UN $3.35 All 3 fOrs.. «. sc. 3 (eee $5.35
VOC ech te ee eee eases $1.15 Save ..0.....2.0. 2 ee $2.15

ORDER BLANK
GRUMIAUX
News & Subscription Co.,
175 Fifth Ave., New York City.
Please send the following magazines, each for 1 year, for which I enclose

; “Name of “Magazine When to Begin
es UES Ss hasta as ack Sais Sk Ge Gee Se Ne ob alo SU rele eaten aig ep cies ile ee nr
Es laces el BG; Me neuegeelke, a /clieta sas Seoce wo ieseaben rene ide Seehe lshe aug mente Seer wae ue one ae ICE ene
A bra wa jononb. © eeegptlel eho. ia vars! ei'e..o, are iofielcalisde sy eyece: nt 2" &, ye reaete uae Pee iearel co <hic.ro) RRs eer
BS AGS AS I EE hs Caan eR ete Abit ay ta
IN AUT ioe sia es ors ao oye aSticite to fel erie, os eters aS Regn oe este ae te ont She Cana en
SUreet: osha es els Lo wee Heimer eaters aoe Bite ne
AT OW BR aie Gea bene th bs Rusad loo ehae ene eet tee erie state. ..... si. eee

THE OOLOGIST Vv

MISCELLANDOUS.

FOR SALHE—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1

ANSEL
Pennsylvania.

EXCHANGE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
foreign specimens. Have some Fox
Squirrel skins to offer. O. M. GREEN-
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

B. MILLER, Springs,

WANTED—Bird skins—must be per-
fect; also small mammal skins. Good
photographs of birds, birds eggs and
nests and mammals in their nature

exchange. J. W. DANIEL Jr., Western
State Hospital, Staunton, Va.

SALE or TRADEH—Pair of field
I want copy of Holland “Moth
or some other good book on
HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0vu
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. F te iae on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to. become _ac-

uainted with active Oologist in New York

ity, Westchester Co., or nearby, with view
to expeditions next spring. L. C. 8. please
write. RAYMOND FULLER, White Plains,
N. Y., R. F. D. No. 1.

. 9

FOR EXCHANGE-— Large showy India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea eppys.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (Selene 1 Bae

ay brid) Also many natives. Want A
hi of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ea
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc.,
the entire U.S.

WANTEHED—20 gauge aux. chambered
for 32 Ex. Long. J. A. MUNRO, Okana-
gan Landing, B. C.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Eaton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, _ Quebec. 1-1t

WANTED—One B. & | i Model Cc: dou-
ble Dissoliving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

WANTHD—Cash or exchange, vols.
1, 2, 3 of Ridgeway’s BIRDS OF NORTH
AND MIDDLE AMERICA—vols. 5, 7 of
same series to offer. Also want first
class compound microscope. ES Ss:
LADD, 4354 McPherson, St. Louis, Mo.

WANTED—12 Gauge Double Barrel
Or repeating shot gun at moderate
Bee. C Cc. G HART, Hast Berlin, Conn.

ox 47.

WANTED TO BUY—Auk, vols. 1-32,
odd numbers; Bird Lore, vols. 1-14;
Oologist, Utica, vols. 1-5; Ornithologist
and Oologist, all of vols. 6-12, vol. 13
title and index only, and vol. 15, no. 7;
Young Oologist, vols. 1 and 2; Nidiolo-
gist, vols. 1-4; Osprey, vols. 1-5, and
vol. 1, new series; and all other ama-
teur bird and natural history periodi-
cals. ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF
ARCHIVES AND HISTORY, State Cap-
itol, Montgomery, Ala.

EXTRAORDINARY SALE—Bird Neg-
atives, duplicate accumulations of fif-
teen years; crowded cabinets. Must be
sold. Many very rare; all of interest.
Four grades: $ .50, $1, $1.50 per dozen;
and Fifteen cents each, net. List for
five cents, in stamps. After one month,
to insure sale, prices will be reduced
ten per cent per month, till all are sold.
Better order NOW. P. B. PEABODY,
Blue Rapids, Kansas.

SALE OR EXCHANGE—Condor Vols.
it 2) D3 SE, 1-65 Xx, 1. Nidologist
Vols. I, 4; III, 3. Osprey, pee III, 1-3-6.
Jour. Me. Orn. Soc. Vol: I, 1-2-4; III, 3;
XI, 4. Wanted Condor, Vols. ose 2- oe 5;
We b=65) Vil t= 2-3 567) OSE, 4s TT 3:
XIV, 5; XX, 2-4-5-6. Auk, Vols. VI;
IX, 4; X, 2-4. American Ornithology
Vole vil Ornithologist and Oologist,
Wolse Vibie Sch alla but Lands oF eit
Mich. Orch. Club. Vols. I, 1-2; II, 4; V,
1-3-4. H. M. JOHNSON, Pittsfield,
Maine.

WANTED—One perfeet skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
Will pay cash. K. B. MATHHRS, Batavia,
Ne Ye

VI THE OOLOGIST

THE CONDOR

A Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the

Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

‘““The Condor’’ is strictly scientific
but edited in such a way that a be-
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un-
derstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

THE

*Blue- Bird’’

Is now published monthly, the
year ‘round, with new and inter-
esting departments, features and
contests, and

At No Additional Cost to

Subscribers
Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird
Lovers’ Association.
SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY

Annual Subscription, $1.50 _
AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in
the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,

Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

“THE BLUE-BIRD,”
1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE BRUCE MUSEUM
Of Natural History, History and Art

Wishes to correspond with reliable men possessing
collections of North American Birds, Eggs or
Mammals, particularly of the New England States.
Only Mounted material will be considered and this
only if it bears full data.

Nothing will be considered that is not up to

the standard of this Museum. That means

perfect specimens, perfectly mounted. - - -
Any reliable man who wishes to dispose of his col-
lection for a moderate amount of cash would do us
a favor by corresponding with us. Anyone who

wishes to make gifts to this Museum, may know
that they will be deeply appreciated.
BRUCE MUSEUM
Greenwich, Connecticut
Paul G. Howes” - - -

Assistant Curator

THE OOLOGIST.

BIRDS--NESTS--EGGS
TAXIDERMY

ALBION, N. Y., Dec. 1, 1919. WHOLE No. 392

VoL. XXXVI. No. 12.

asic

™%

JAN 24 1920

Ul THE OOLOGIST

la

BRIEF SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS
Wanted, Exchange, Fer Sale, Etc., inserted in this department at 26 eente

for each 25 ‘words for one issue; each additional

serted for less than 25 cents.

word 1 cent. No notiee in-

We will advertise the skins, nests, eggs, or mounted specimens of North Amer-

exchanges of such specimens for

scientific collecting purposes only.—EDITOR.

in anéwering advertisements in these columns mention ‘The Oologist,”’ and
thereby help us, as well as the advertiser and yourself.

BIRDS

Send me the list of A 1 Bird Skins that you
have to dispose of by exchange or otherwise.
R. M. BARNES, Lacon, II}.

FOR EXCHANGE—A large list of Al North

HAMBER-
LAIN, 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass.

ALL PERSONS having A-1 skins in
pairs of any of the North American

i I will pay the niece
price for those that I need. R,

HXCHANGH — Collection of North
Containing four hun-
dred and twenty-three species and sub-
i Represented by thirteen hun-
sixty specimens. PHILIP
LAURENT, 31 Hast Mt. ae Ave., Phil-
adelphia, Pa.

WANTED—A pair of living Sand Hill
Cranes A. O.

If the birds are

HXCHANGH—Fine sets of.eggs and:

nests for birds skins: from south and
STANLEY G. JEWETT, Peace

FOR EXCHANGE :—Large_well-mounted

Golden Eagle and American Bittern. Iam
interested in all Natural History specimens.
Write. WALTER STUCK, Jonesboro. Ark.

DATA BLANKS—Send for sample of
my data blanks, with your name print-.

ed on it. 500 for $1.00 postpaid. HD-
WARD S.

Boston, Mass.

WANTED to Exchange sets with re-
liable collectors. Or, will purchase.
Send lists and prices. G B. REGAR,
1000 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

WANTED—One or more sets of A. O.

SHARPLES, West Chester, Pa.

SWANSON’S WARBLERS Sets with
Who wants them in exchange
for other species? Send list in full.

DR. M. T. CLECKLEY, Augusta, Ga.
The following first class skins offer-
ed: 132, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 158,
221, 223, 200, 239, 241, 242, 254, 255, 256a,
40la, 402a, 413,

524a, 529a, 540a, 554a, 567f, 581f, 588a,
607, 618, 652b, and other western spe-
cies. Als A. MUNRO, Okanagan Land-
ing, B. C.

U. No. 306, taken north ef ©

uGiter, only.
“Wille, Ark.

PVG 2 iT, LOT lad, OS ae

(486 1-5;
' 560a - Ne4; > O74.1 N-2:

COOMBS, 243 Franklin St., =

EGGS.

In sending in your exchange ———
for nests, skins and eggs, we would ay
preciate it if you would arrange t ‘
numerais in your exchange notice in
(heir numerical order, and not tumble
them together hit and miss, as some 6f
our readers are complaining, and we
think justly so.

WANTHD—Entire collection of Eggs
of North American Birds for spot cash.
R. M. BARNBES, Lacon, II.

EXCHANGE for sets with data. Per-
sonally taken while an Officer “Over
There.” Helmits, (plain spiked), Gen-
uine Iron Crosses, German wound
Mitols, etc. GHO. MASON, 1301 So. Lake
St., Ft. Worth, Texas.

Will be glad to hear from reliable col-
lectors and to receive their lists. Have
good list to offer including some rare
species. RICHARD C. HARLOW, State

College, Pa.

sFOR SALE—Trumpeter Swan’s egg,
from Minnesota: Perfect specimen,
very abnormal. Will consider cash
ALBERT LANO, Fayette-

FOR: EXCHANGE—15 1-1; 31a

t
ena O19 OV

a

bo

a

J

on
Abt rt rt et

622a 125; 629a N- 4; 646a N-4: 726c
N-5; 741 N26; 743 N-7; 748a N-7,
J. jae BOWLES, The ‘Woodstock,
coma, Wash.

FOR SALE—A few personally taken
sets of Nova Scotia birds eggs. I hold
a collecting and shipping permit issued
in accordance with the Bird Treaty.
, Wolfville, Nova Scotia.

FOR DISPOSAL—A large and exten-
sive collection of Birds’ Eggs from
Europe and America. Send 3c stamp
for complete list. DR. CLECKLEY’S
MUSEUM, Augusta, Ga.

WANTED—An entire collection of
North American Birds Eggs in sets with
full data. Send full list to W. A.
STRONG, 41 Grand Ave., San Jose, Cal.

FOR EXCHANGE—AI1 personally col-
lected sets of Mississippi Kite, Swain-
son’s Hawk, White-necked Raven, 5-6,
3-7, Black-crested Titmouse 1-6, and
many others. Want your. complete
lists of duplicates. E.. F. POPE, Box
301, Albuquerque, N. Mex.

327
2

Stereopticon and 200 slides for ex-
change for sets or skins. R. SHELL,
2117 Common St., Houston, Texas.

You, XXXVI. No. 12

THE OOLOGIsT.

AuBion, N. Y., Dec. 1,1919. ?%

WHOLE No. 392

Owned and Published Monthly, by R. M. Barnes, Albion, N.Y., and Lacon, Ill.

TAKE NOTICE.

SUBSCRIPTION, 50 CENTS PER YEAR
Examine the number on the wrapper of your Oologist. It denotes the time your sub-

scription expires.

Remember we must be notified if you wish it discontinued and all

arrearages must be paid. 378 your subscription expires with this issue. 377 your subscrip-

tion expired with December. issue 1918.

Other expirations can be computed by intermediate

numbers at the rate of one number per month.

Entered as second-class matter December 21,

1903, at the post office al

Albion, N. Y., under the Act of Congress of March 3, 1879.

1919—Volume XXXVI
‘This issue of THE OOLOGIST is
the last for the year 1919, and like-
wise closes volume XXXVI. We want
to thank our friends for their encour-
agement and support during the past
year. The Editor has labored under

unusual difficulty this year in all mat-

ters relating to this magazine, the rea-

son for which was not misfortune, but
circumstances which will ultimately
rebound for the benefit of all inter-
ested in our little publication. We
have said nothing about it in our col-
umns and shall not do so until one
of these times in the not too far dist-
ant future, we will issue a special edi-
tion of THE OOLOGIST, giving in de-
tail this cause. Until then you must
wait the coming surprise, for surprise

it surely will be.

‘As this issue goes to the press Ye

Editor with his wife boards the Santa
Fe train for far away California, there
December 13th to help celebrate at a
family reunion the 86th birthday of
the best mother: on earth. One who

has always from an early childhood,
encouraged our bird study in every
way. To our mother our readers owe
much.

We will be back at Lacon and on
the job January 1st, so do not worry
if the first issue of 1920 should be a
little late.

In the meantime get busy and re-
new your own subscription and also
send THE OOLOGIST to some young
friend of yours for a Christmas pres-
ent.—The Editor.

eR

Note From the Printer
It is to be regretted that THE
OOLOGIST is so late in appearing
this month. This is no fault of the
editor and publisher. Labor shortage
in the printing department is the sole
cause of delay.—The Printer.

212 THE OOLOGIST

Some Nesting Birds of the Palisades
Interstate Park

Paper No. 3
By P. M. Silloway.

18. Redstart.——On June 12 a nest of
the Redstart was found in the top of
an apple tree alongside a stone wall
bordering the public road in front of
the Guest House. The nest was made
in an upright crotch, about twelve feet
from the ground, and on this date it
contained two eggs, though the female
had not yet begun incubation. The
apple tree. was a lure for Boy ‘Scouts
passing along the road, and we are
sorry to state that the nest was de-
serted before the full complement of
eggs were deposited. On June 18 I
noted that no female was-in evidence
near this nest, though a male sang
persistently within a hundred feet
radius of the spot, his principal utter-
ance being “Weet eweet eweet eweet.”’
Later in the season I collected this
nest, with two eggs addled.

19. Whip-poor-will.—On the morn-
ing of June 14, while exploring the
ridge of scrub growth across from the
Guest’ House, I chanced to disturb a
female Whip-poor-will in the low
laurel shrubs. She fluttered up weak-
ly, half-scrambling over the low veg-
etation; stopping to face me with half-
spread, drooping wings, acting much
like a small owl. She kept uttering a
mournful, gutteral call like “Qui qui
qui.” Frequently she fluttered up from
the shrubs and hovered momentarily
near me, with flapping wings and: gut-
teral calls, never getting more than
ten or twelve feet from me. I began
careful_search around the place she
had first fluttered from, but could find
neither eggs nor young.. .

Going some little distance back in
the direction from which I. had ap-
proached the spot, I sat down in plain
view of the fancied location of the

nest. After a few minutes of patient
endurance of insect pests, I was en-
couraged by seeing the bird flutter
over the place I had in view, and she
dropped into the laurels with an ex-
pression of contentment, the charac-
teristic “Qui.” I hurried to the spot,
and again the same performance oc-
curred, still I could find nothing that
I was expecting. Again I withdrew,
and again the female fluttered over
and settled down with contented eall.
For the third time I hurried to the
place, and after diligent scanning of
the dead leaves of the scrub floor, I
spied a brownish-yellow chick blink-
ing sleepily on the leafy carpet, clad
in fuzzy down, and giving evidence of
its consciousness of my presence by a
faint chick-like, plaintive “‘qui-eh.” It
was lying helplessly on the dead
leaves betwen stems of low laurel,
with no suggestion of a nest. Upon

‘further search I found another downy

chick about a yard away from the
first...Both younglings lay with closed
eye-lids, but opened them when their

attention ‘was momentarily aroused.

Without disturbing the chicks, I has-
tened away for my camera, and re-
turned to the place in about half an
hour, finding the youngsters as I had
left them, mothered by the female.
On the next.afternoon I went over
to the place where I had found the
little ‘Whip-poor-will famly. She was
in the same little area, but had moved
about twenty feet from the exact spot
where she ‘was hovering her young on
the preceding day. Since I had found
the two young somewhat separated at
my first: discovery of them, I conclud-
ed that the change of location was
due to the traveling of the young, for
it appeared that they were just at the
stage when they were disposed to
crawl or flutter on the ground in pref- ©
erence to remaining in one particular
place, and at no time did IJ find the two

THE OOLOGIST 213

chicks exactly together or side by side,
they being usually at least a yard
apart. A-photo of one of the young
Whip-poor-wills is given herewith.

20. Maryland Yellow - throat — On
June 14, a nest of Maryland Yellow-
throat was examined. It was in a
large tussock of Swamp-grass in water
along the margin of Little Long Pond,
near the Guest House. The nest was
made in the middle of the base of the
thick growth of grass stems, open
above but completely surrounded by
the grass. There were young in the
nest, about ready to fly, and the fe-
male was hovering them when I ap-
proached. At leaving the nest the fe-
male crawled mouse-like between the
grass stems and flitted to neighboring
vegetation in the water before taking
wing; then she chirped quietly in the
stems of a nearby clump of saplings.
This nest was made outwardly of dead
leaf-fragments, coarse grass stems,
and dried grass leaves, with small fine
dried grasses for the lining. It was
made with thick, loosely woven walls,
with much loosely attached material.

21. Black-throated Blue Warbler. It
is my pleasure to record in the colums
of THE OOLOGIST the finding of a
nest. of the Black-throated Blue
Warbler in the Hghlands. On June
16, while I was working on Hemlock
Hill, near the Guest House, watching
the actions of a family of Worm-eat-
ing Warblers just leaving the nest, a
Black-throated Blue Warbler came in-
to the scene of activity, probably at-
tracted by the anxious chirping of the
adult Worm-eating Warbler. The
Black-throated Blue, a male in unmis-
-_ takable plumage, uttered its charac-
teristic song, “Zee zee zee zee,
- dee-e-e,” the last syllable noticeably
drawled and lengthened. After utter-
ing a song.or two quite near me, the
songster flitted away along the little
glen-like ravine whence he had come
so unexpectedly,

The appearance of the Black-throat-
ed’ Blue Warbler at that place set me
to thinking, and the next morning I
wended my way up the hill to search
for a warbler nest. I reached the ra-
vine, which was a dry fairly well light-
ed glen, with a ground cover of laurel,
swamp fern, weeds and hardwood
sprouts. The ravine was set with yel-
low poplar, hemlock, beech, oaks,
chestnut, and maple, with moosewood
saplings, viburnum, and associated un-
dergrowth. .Soon I heard the male
singing-in the glen ahead of me. He
sang only once or twice in each tree
he visited and then flew to another
tree farther along, thus keeping ahead
of me. Finally I thought he had left
the locality, but soon he came back
singing along the glen as before, mak-
ing a return trip, using stations in the
tall trees for his utterances. Thus he
made several trips. up and down the
ravine, and in time I--was able to de-
termine about the center of his sing-
ing activities, and I began to search
the low shrubbery for a nest. In al-
most no time my eye caught sight of
the prize I was seeking.

The nest of this Black-throated Blue
Warbler was in chestnut sprouts, at
the bases of two tall oak poles. The
structure was» fairly exposed, in a
very slender forking sprout, the sup-
porting sprout being strengthened by
a stronger dead sprout. -The nest was
a strong structure, with compact walls
made outwardly of coarse bark. strip-
pings and plant fibres, with -some
loosely hanging coarse bark and skel-
eton leaf fragments. Two eggs were
in the nest, but no female was to be
seen then, though the male was. sing-
ing nearer at hand than before, pay-

ing little attention to my presence.
I waited near the nest for about half
an hour, during. which period the male
traveled up and down the ravine a
haif dozen times singing as before.

214 THE OOLOGIST

At length I heard a very faint “chip,”
and the female was
from nearby saplings. She moved
anxiously about, but the “chip” she
uttered was so low and lifeless that I
could scarcely hear it. Later four
eggs constituted the nest complement,
and the female began to incubate, but
one morning when I visited the nest I
found it empty and the birds nowhere
to be seen. I never decided what
happened to the eggs, but thus the
nesting of this warbler that season
. ended disastrously,
that I had followed: the advice of some
well-meaning wiseacres in leaving the
eges for a later series of valuable ob-
servations upon the home life of these
' birds, which never materialized,—my
birds had flown.

22. Red-winged Blackbird.— The
Red-winged Blackbird is very common
throughout the Park, in the marshy
_ends of the lakes and ponds. On
June 19 I examined three nests of the
Red-winged Blackbird, in:'the swampy
end of Little Long Pond, near the
Guest House, all in shallow water
among low sprouts and tufts of water-
grass. One nest was in a small shrub
of button-bush about two feet high.
The nest was set in the upright stems,
about a foot above the water, exposed
above so that the observer could look
down into it. It was made of coarse
grass stems, lined with finer grasses,
-with good depth in the cavity; there
were three eggs in this nest. Another
nest was in the same kind of shrub
growing against a tussock of swamp
grass. The third nest was in a tuft
swamp-grass. All the nests were made
after the same plan of structure, and
each nest on that day contained three
eges. The birds that day made no un-
usual commotion when the nests were
visited, the females merely flying
away with harsh cackling, and contin-
uing to scold at a respectful distance,

peering at me-

and I regretted .

* brood.

‘grasses.

while the males containued their reg-
ular calls, songs, whistles, and flight
movements.

23. Red-eyed Vireo.—On June 20 a
nest of Red-eyed Vireo was found sus-
pended from a fork of a chestnut
sprout, the site being only about three
feet from the ground, in the woods
margin. The female was sitting on
three incubated eggs.

24. Indigo Bunting.— The Indigo
Bunting is common in all parts of the
Park, frequently the bushy areas of
road margins, pond-shores, and open
patches of shrubbery. On June 20 I
examined a nest of Indigo Bunting,
found by the anxious chirping of the
parent birds when I was near the site
of the nest. It was in sprouts, on the
sloping side of a little ravine near the
main Tuxedo drive. It was made on
oblique or bending stems, about three
feet from the ground. When first ex-
amined it contained young birds, and
later I collected the nest after it had
served its purpose in harboring the
The side was in a _ black-
berry shrub, and the nest was really
saddled on drooping stems. It was a
bulky structure, made of coarse ma-
terial, such as soft dead leaves, weed-
stems and grasses, woven into thick
compact walls, with a lining of soft
dried grasses of brownish hue.

25. Maryland Yellow - throat. — On
June 24 a nest of Maryland Yellow-
throat was examined in a small birch-
fern swamp near the Guest House.
The site was in a clump of mixed
sprouts of fern, dead birch, ete., about
two feet from the ground. The nest
was made of long dried grass-stems,
large dead grass blades and fragments
of dead leaves, with thick walls, deep
cavity, and lined with fine dried
One fresh egg was in the
nest, and the female was sitting when
disturbed.

(To be continued.)

215

THE OOLOGIST

ABVMOTIIS “IW ‘d AQ OJOYG—
"A 'N ‘Sopesijeq ul [[IM-4ood-diyu~j, Buno,

216

The 2% of Failures.

As I read the various articles that
came out in THE OOLOGIST, ninety-
eight per cent of which are stories of
success, I often think of the fine sets
I didn’t get. Many an hour of close
hard searching of the ground
bordering meadows and boggy
pastures, have I put in _ search-
ing for a Jack Snipe, nest and
eggs. But after more than thirty-
five years in the field all I have to
show is a part of one egg shell, while
a playmate and a boyhood friend of
mine has found several nests and eggs
of the Whip-poor-will and showed me
exactly where and how they nested,
I have never been able to find a set.
A brother of mine has often found the
eges of the Night Hawk, but I have
never been able to find a set.

Then again I have found five or six
sets of Killdeer and four of American
Woodcock, while I know of persons
who have never found of either for
themselves. I have found. several
nests of the Prairie Hen but never
could find one of the Ruffed Grouse or
Bob-white. Yet many a farmer has

told me of Grouse and Quail nests

they have found. Another elusive
nest to me is the Least Bittern.
Screech Owls and White breasted
Nuthatch are among my common
finds, while many a collector would
give a lot for just one set of each of
their own find. Just recently I read
an article of a party who has found
but one Belted Kingfisher’s nest, and
then not eggs. Well that is the kind
I found once at least but many is the
set of eggs I have dug out too. Every
now and then I used to find a tiny nest
in the clover or June grass with four
or five very small white eggs covered
thickly with fine pink specks, but now
for years I have been unable to find
any. Another bird that has always

PHE OOLOGI6T

eluded me with the nest is the Oven °
bird.
On page 49 last col. lines 29-30-31-32
for face read phase.
Geo. W. H. Vos Burgh.
Columbus, Wis.

Among the Birds of the Virginia Coast
By B. R. Bales, M.D., Circleville, Ohio

To one who lives inland, far from
the sea, a trip to the coast with its
thousands of breeding sea birds is a
never-to-be-forgotten experience. The
writer spent the month of June, 1919,
upon an island off the coast of Vir-
ginia, and this article is a chronicle
of the nests observed.

The first day among the birds was
spent upon a small crescent shaped
island of sand, which for convenience
we will call “Sandy Island.” It is so
slightly elevated above the sea level,
that extra high tides sweep over it,
and some years the whole population
of young birds is destroyed.

There was a large colony of Com-
mon Terns breeding here, the nests
being scattered over an area of sev-
eral miles. Very little work in nest
building is done by this species,—
there is simply a hollow in the sand
with a few bits of beach grass for a
lining; some nests:-lacked even the
few blades of grass. But very few
complete sets of three eggs were seen
on this date, (June 3rd), most of the
nests containing but one or two eggs,
although about twenty-five nests con-
tained their full complement. A nest
of the Oystercatcher containing three
eggs with incubation far advanced
was found on this date. The nest was
simply a depression in the sand, spar-
ingly lined with bits of sea shell.

Upon our return to the island that
was to be my base of operations, a
nest of the Osprey containing two
badly incubated eggs was discovered,

THE-OOLOGIST 217

fifty feet from the ground in a tall
pine tree.

The next day, our trim little motor
boat “The Comet” took us to an ad-
joining county, to a large marsh in
quest of Laughing Gull nests. It took
a large amount of marsh wading in
soft sticky mud, to find a few nests
of this species containing full comple-
ments, as local sea faring men and
fishermen systematically rob the guH
nests, using the eggs for food. They
visit the colony on alternate days, de-
stroying the eggs in all nests contain-
ing more than one egg, so that on
_ their regular visits they will be sure
of fresh eggs. I was told that parties
from the mainland often took whole
boat loads of eggs and sold them for
ten cents a dozen. At any rate they
earned their money, for marsh wad-
ing is exceedingly hard work. Most
of the Gull nests are built along the
edges of the hundreds of winding
creeks that traverse the marsh in aH
direetions, until they form such a
labyrinth that a novice is soon bewild-
ered. If a erazy blind man were given
a pencil and a piece of paper he could
not draw a more complicated and
meaningless map than a true chart of
this marsh would be.

The Gull nests are composed mainly
of marsh grass and drift and are
roughly conical in shape with a de-
pression at the apex to contain the
eggs. Of the large number of nests
examined this day (June 4th), I doubt
if there were more than twenty-five
with full sets of three eggs each. A
number of nests of Clapper Rail were
examined with from eight to twelve
eggs each, but most of them were on
the point of hatching.

A few scattered groups of Forster’s
Tern nests were found containing full
sets. This Tern builds a much better
nest than does its cousin, the Common
Tern. The nests are almost a com-

plete miniature of Laughing Gull
nests, though built of finer materials.
All nests found were built upon con-
venient piles of drift. There was a
large number of these birds about and
at'a latter date, I found the main
colony of perhaps three hundred pairs,
with the nests containing hatching
eges.

The next day was lost as far as bird
work was concerned, for I had worn
so many blisters on my feet that it
was impossible to do much walking.
The foNowing day saw me again at
“Sandy Island’. Most of the Common
Ferns had full sets of three eggs.
Black Skimmers were beginning to
nest and I saw numbers of nests con-
taining one or two eggs and one with
a full set of four. These birds suffer
worse from the depredations of eggers
than do the Laughing Gulls, as it is
much easier to pick up a basketfull of
eggs from the sand, than it is to wade
the marsh for them. While it is true
that the eggs are smaller, the egger
just takes more eggs. As is well
known, the eggs are deposited in a
shallow depression, wallowed out in
the sand by the birds.

On the following day (June 7th) we
went to a marsh that in 1917 contained
about fas I estimated) one thousand
nests of Laughing Gull and a large
eolony of Foster’s Tern. It had been
egged to such an extent that I saw
less than a half dozen full sets of Gull
eggs and but one of the Tern.

Landing at another island on the
way back, I found a nest of Oyster-
eatecher containing two eggs. This
nest was much the prettiest one of
this species I have ever seen. It was
plentifully lined with bits of sea shell
and had about its rim, long slender
pieces of the same. It reminded me
of the border of shells often seen
about the edges of old fashioned
flower beds.

218 THE OOLOGIST

I arrived back “home” in time to
find a nest of Maryland Yellowthroat
containing four eggs and a nest of
Prairie Warbler, built about ten feet
from the ground in a four pronged
fork of a pine sapling. The four eggs
that it contained were transformed
into as many lusty youngsters on the
following morning. It may seem
strange to many collectors to find a
nest of this species in such a location,
but both parent birds were seen a
number of times and the song of the
male could be heard in the woods
at almost any time during the day.

Bird nesting on the next day was
limited to a stroll in the woods of
the “home” island. On a sandy ridge
with a sparse growth of sassafras and
wild cherry trees, I found three nests
of crested Flycatcher, each contain-
ing five eggs.

On June 9th, we again visited the
marsh where we were on the 4th. I
was determined to have a good look
into the Laughing Gull nests. My
guide landed me upon the shore of the
marsh, and gave me directions how to
go to a part of the marsh that was
so hard to reach that the eggers sel-
dom molested the birds there. I start-
ed upon one of the hardest, grueling
jobs of marsh wading I had ever un-
dertaken. I would sink into the mud,
almost to my knees with every step
taken and in one place while crossing
one of the hundreds of creeks, I sank
into the mud up to my hips, and the
worst feature of the job was there
was no place to sit down and rest for
a single instant. I had six hours of
this and saw hundreds of nests con-
taining three eggs and a number with
two which evidently were full sets in
such instances, as incubation had be-
gun. The tide, which covers the
marsh, when full, was beginning to
come in, making the wading harder

and the creeks fuller of water and -

ready to leave the nest.

harder to ford, before I came to the
shore and the waiting boat. To say
that I was “all in,’ would express it
mildly.

On June 12th, while coming away
from the Black Skimmer colony,
where several full sets of four were
seen, Wilson’s Plover was flushed
from its nest which contained three
eggs. No nest—simply a slight de-
pression in the sand.

Two days later, my son and I were
returning to the boat from a walk on
another island, when I almost step-
ped upon a Willet as she flew from
her nest containing four eggs. The
nest was composed of of dried beach
grass, and was concealed under a
growing bunch of grass.

On JuN” 16th, we found two more
sets of Crested Flycatchers, both of
four eggs and two sets of Flicker of
five and six eggs respectively, as well
as a nest full of young Flickers just
One nest of
Crested Flycatcher was composed —
largely .of wing tips (bone included)
and -pieces of skin, with the feathers
attached of the Knot, that had no
doubt been illegally killed, for as late
as June 9th, there were still small
flocks of Knot and Turnstones upon
the beaches, and I was told that they
were being shot daily.

Other visits to “Sandy Island” on
June 17th and 19th showed the effects
of the eggers. Only at the farthest
end, where the eggers would have to
walk about five miles, were the Black
Skimmers unmolested. Most of the
nests at other places were empty or
contained but one or two eggs. An-
other nest of Oystercatcher was
seen; it contained two eggs and had
no lining whatever, the eggs being
laid in a depression in the sand. On
the 19th, we found two more nests of
Crested Flycatcher containing four
and five eggs respectively. The Fly-

THE OOLOGIST | 219

Nest and Eggs of the Piping Plover

catcher, at least in this locality, seems
to have a decided preference for sas-
safras trees, although I found nests
in wild cherry and one in a cedar tree
on the “home” island.

A couple of days later, we again vis-
ited the island where the Willet nest
was found. A herd of half wild cat-
tle, led by a belligerent bull and a
large flock of sheep roam over it. We
visited a medium sized colony of
Black Skimmers, but the eggers had
robbed it so often that the birds had
given up in disgust, evidently finding
it too hard work to fight both “man
and beast.” However we did find a
nest of Gull billed Tern containing
three eggs. The nest was well lined
with bits of shell and short lengths of
- Marsh grass stalks, and was well con-

—Photo by Dr. R. B. Bales

cealed upon a shell strewn beach, well
back from the water. This variety of
Tern is the most pugnacious of the
four varieties observed and _ will
charge and dart at one repeatedly
while near the nest ‘and will follow the
intruder for quite a distance, “cuss-
ing” him all the while; our guide
said it-was the “evilest” bird he ever
saw.

Another trip was made to this same
island on June 23d. After walking
about four miles down the beach, our
attention was attracted to a pair of
Piping Plovers, who acted suspicious-
ly. A careful search was rewarded
by finding a nest containing three
egses. These did not look like Plover
ggs, so we sat down upon the sand by
the side of the nest, and were soon

220

made aware of the rightful owners of
the nest, by being darted at by a pair
of Least Terns. We again began our
search for the Plover nest, but with-
out avail.

After walking down the beach for
another mile or two, and seeing noth-
ing of interest, we returned and again
began a search for the Plover nest,
beating backward and forward across
the beach until I finally remarked to
my son that I guessed the Plovers had
us “buffaloed’”. I had not walked ten
steps forward until I saw the nest
with its four beauties lying directly in
front of us! The birds then put on an
exhibition of being wounded and the
like, such as a Killdeer does. We
were fortunate in finding another nest
of this species, containing three eggs,
on July 6th.

On my visit to this same locality in
1917, when Mr. Harold H. Bailey was
Federal Game Warden and Mr. Wil-
liam Doughty was local Warden, there
was no egging being done, and no
shooting of beach birds during the
spring migration, as both officers: were
doing their duty. At present, there is
no warden worthy of the name in the
whole district. The Black Skimmer
colony on “Sandy Island’ which in
1917, I estimated to contain between
three and four thousand pairs, has
dropped. to.such an extent that I doubt
if it contains more than a thousand
pairs.

Do birds ever lay more than one egg
a day during the nesting season? In
answer to the above, I wish to “re-
port a case.” On May 26th, 1918, I
found-the nest of a Red headed Wood-
pecker near the top of a solitary dead
apple tree standing in a pasture field.
Examination of this nest at about
noon. of the above date, showed the
nest to be. a new one, but contained
no eggs. When examined on the af-
ternoon of May 29th, it contained five

THE OOLOGIST

eggs. There was but little chance and
no probability of any other female
laying in the nest, as there were no
others of the species about, and the
tree, the only one in the pasture, was
at least a quarter of a mile from any
other tree.

It is very likely that the bird laid
one egg on the 27th, two on the 28th
and two on the 29th, or five eggs in
three days. No matter how it is fig-
ured, there is at least one day in
which two eggs were laid. Three of
the eggs are slightly deformed by be-
ing somewhat crinkled at the smaller

_end, where the shell appears thinner.

I would like to hear through the
columns of THE OOLOGIST from
others in regard to the above query.

B. R. Bales, M.D.
Circleville, Ohio.

Bachman’s Sparrow in Arkansas
H. E. Wheeler

Bachman’s Sparrow is reported by
Professor A. H. Howell* as a rather
rare and local Summer resident in
Arkansas, and he records having se-
cured a specimen of this species at
Conway on June 7, 1910, and another
at Camden on July 7th, of the same
year. On June 22 he observed four or
five birds at Hoxie, and states that on
September 1st (1910?) Mr. Savage
noted two birds at Delight. These are
about all the records known.

The writer has found this bird
rather common in suitable localities
about Conway. Mr. A. F. Ganier, the
Secretary of the Wilson Ornithologi-
cal Club, has in preparation a paper
on the habits of this species, and I
offer here only a few notes which will
serve as a corollary and explain the
pictures herewith published.

Bachman’s Sparrow is, like the
Grasshopper Sparrow, rarely seen. It
is to be located rather by its song
which is quite entrancing and distinct,

Trumpeter Swans at the Editor’s Home, Lacon, Ill., Dec., 1914
—Photo by V. Lane

222 THE OOLOGIST

It prefers pastures and fields border-
ing cultivated land, and I have found
it always near a wooded ridge on the
southern slopes. The nests are ex-
tremely difficult to find. They are lo-
cated very rarely by accident or the
most diligent searching, but rather by
patiently watching the female when
she is building the nest or the parents
when feeding the young. So very
wary are the birds that sometimes it
requires hours of watchfulness in con-
cealment to ascertain even the direc-
tion in which a nest is located. The
nest is made of the finest grasses, al-
ways domed, generally festooned in
front with grass heads, and set either
in tufts of grasses or under clumps of
weeds completely camouflaged from
view.

Once or twice I have located a nest
in a cultivated field, but I have rea-
son to suspect that the discovery of a
nest, even though it is not disturbed,
is a sufficient cause for the bird to
desert it. The female does all the
work of nestbuilding, and the male
keeps an unknown distance from the
nest. He rarely sings during the per-
iod of incubation near the nest, and
then, apparently, only in the early
morning. The female leaves the nest,
if surprised reluctantly, and after the
fashion of a Bob White. I have not
yet succeeded however in securing a
picture of the bird on the nest.

During the present season I have
collected the nests and eggs of this
species as follows:

May 31 Nest and three fresh eggs.

June 1 Nest and four eggs.

June 27 One egg from a deserted
nest.

June 30 Nest and four eggs, fresh.

July 1 One egg found in a field.
No nest in immediate vicinity.

July 11 Nest and four eggs in typi-
cal situation. Eggs were broken by

white.

carelessness of person in whose care
they were left.

July 21 Nest and four eggs, fresh.
*“Birds of Arkansas,” pp. 65, 66.

Eastern Vonnecticut Notes

On December 16th, 1918, I had the
good fortune of observing at close
range a Pleated woodpecker, the first
I had ever seen here in the Hast. I
watched with much interest this mag-
nificent bird, as it worked very busily
on a dead Oak, not more than fifty
feet away. I believe this bird to be
very rare in Eastern Connecticut.

The Red Headed Woodpecker is an-
other very scarce bird in this part of
the state, having seen only two birds
in the past ten years, one spring and
one fall migrant.

On May 26th, 1918, I had brought in-
to me a typical nest of Kingbird, con-
taining four eggs, the same size and
shape of the ordinary Kingbird’s eggs,
only these eggs were entirely without
markings. All four eggs being pure
This is the first Albino eggs
of this species I have ever seen. Who
has whole sets of Albino Kingbird
eggs or other species that have as
heavily marked eggs as the Kingbird
often does? Are they not very uncom-
mon? G. Raymond Barlow.
Danielson, Conn. |

An Additional List.

On page 49, present volume, I have
a list of Iowa birds, I saw while at
Vinton, Iowa, to which I wish to add
the following:

Barn Swallow—Several.

English Sparrow—Abundant.

Catbird—Common.

Killdeer—Common.

Northern Water Thrush—One seen.

Night Hawk—plentiful one evening.

Black Capped Chickadee—Common.

Phoebe—Common,

T9T99UM “HW “H “Avy Aq OJOYG—
s6h64 pue YsoN voiquem s,uewYyorg

924 THE OOLOGIST

Brown Thrashers—Several

Marsh Hawk—One

Wood Pewee—Not common.

Whippoorwill—One asleep on a high
limb.

Oven bird—One or two.

Bronze Grackle—One

Northern Hairy Woodpeckr—One.

Rose Breasted Grosbeak—Two or
three seen.

Black Throated Blue Warblers—

One.

Song Sparrow—Common.

Eastern Meadow Lark—Common.

Western Meadow Lark—Thought I
heard one.

Dated September, 1919.

Geo. H. VosBurgh.

Columbus, Ohio.

Where Birds are Actually Used as
Lamps.

The price of coal-oil is a matter of
no interest to the inhabitants of the
island of St. Kilda, a favorite of the
animated oilecan, the fulmar. So rich
in oil in this sea bird that the natives
simply pass a wick through its body
and use it as a lamp.

The oil is also one of the principal

articles exported from the island.

It is found in the birds’ stomachs,
is amber-colored, and has a peculiarly
nauseous odor. The old birds are said
to feed the young with it, and when
they are caught or attached they
lighten themselves by disgorging it.

In St. Kilda it is legal to kill the
fulmars only during one week of the
year; but during that week from eigh-
teen to twenty thousand birds are de-
stroyed.

The mutton-bird of the Antarctic
also carries its oil in the stomach and
can eject this oil through the nostrils
as a means of defence against ene-
mies.

Quantities of mutton-birds are
slaughtered every year for their oil on

the coasts of Tasmania and New Zeal-
and. In its composition and proper-
ties this oil closely resembles sperm
oil.—San Francisco Chronicle.

W. A. Strong,
San Jose, Cal.

Habits of Red-Tailed Hawk.

The red-tailed hawk, or “hen-hawk,”
as it is commonly called, is one of the
best known of all birds of prey, and is
a widely distributed species of great
Its habit of sit-
ting on some prominent limb or pole

economic importance.

in the open, or flying with measured
wing beat over prairies and sparsely
wooded areas on the lookout for its
favorite prey, causes it to be noticed
by the most indifferent observer. Al-
though not aS omnivorous as the red-
shouldered hawk, it feeds on a variety
of food, as small mammals, snakes,
birds,

pedes, and even carrion.

frogs, insects, crawfish, centi-

In regions
where rattlesnakes abound it destroys
considerable numbers of the reptiles.
Although it feeds to a certain extent
on poultry and birds, it is nevertheless
entitled to general protection on ac-
count of the insistent warfare it wages

against mice and other small rodents
and insects that are so destructive to
young orchards, nursery stock, and
farm produce. Out of 530 stomachs
examined, 457, or 85 per cent contain-
ed the remains of mammal pests such
as field mice, pine mice, rabbits, sev-
eral species of ground _ squirrels,
pocket gophers, and cotton rats, and
only 62 contained the remains of poul-
try or game birds.—The Suburban
Citizen.
W. A. Strong,

San Jose, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST

The Rare Sport of Catching Birds
With Airplanes

The accidental catching recently of
an Eagle in the wire bracing of a
military airplane suggests the many
possibilities of the new sport of hunt-
ing for birds of prey and wild fowl in
the air with flying machines.

The success of this new sport de-
pends upon the airman’s knowledge of
the speed of various birds.

Prof. H. H. Clayton of Blue Hill Ob-
servatory saw ducks flying at a height
of 958 feet. He was at the time en-
gaged in measuring the height and
velocity of clouds and was able to es-
timate the speed of the birds as near-
ly 48 miles an hour. Profs. J. Steb-
bins and E. A. Fath made careful ob-
servations with the telescope and
found that birds pass at rates varying
from 80 to 130 miles per hour, and
these were minimums. Heavy bomb-
drooping airplanes travel at the rate
of 90 miles an hour and fast fighters
at nearly 140 miles. Prof Clayton’s
ducks were poor airplanes, as flying
speeds go. Is it strange then, that
even a fast bird should be overtaken
in its flight by a still faster machine
and killed in an aerial rear-end col-
lision?

Aviators say that it is a wonder that
the birds are not more often overtaken
as well as the eagle which was caught
in a military flying machine. With
its wide expanse of superposed wings,
criss-crossed with stay-wires, a biplane
is not unlike a very wide-meshed net.

“That being the case,’ writes Carl
Dienstbach in Poplar Science Month-
ly, “why should it not be possible to
trail fine piano-wire nets, spread by
small kite-buoys between the _ air-
planes connected by a long wire, and
enmesh the condors and eagles that
soar over inaccessible mountain
peaks? That ought to be a fascinat-
-_ ing sport. Great birds of prey are

225

flying creatures. Vedrines found that
out some years ago when he flew
across the Pyrenees. He was actually
attacked by eagles and had to shoot
them with a pistol.

“The sport is all the more possible
when it is considered how dependable
is the modern fast-flying machine
Chavez, the first man who ever flew
across the Alps, was killel in some
unknown manner as he descended in-
te Italy. But the modera tlying ma-
chine is more powerfully controlled
and has a more dependsbie motor
than the airplanes in which Chavez
made his fatal flight. Witness the
many performances of Austrian and
Italian aviators in flying over the
dizzy peaks of the Austrian baitle-
grounds. Vedrine’s experience shows
that an eagle regards an airplane
much as a dog an automobile—-some-
thing not to be frightened at but to be
challenged.

Think, too, of the possibiiities of
capturing with a net whole flocks of
game ducks and geese as wel! as wild
pigeons. Even the use of hook, line
and bait, as well as the net, appears
feasible in the air.’—San Francisco
Chronicle—W. A. Strong, San Jose,
Cal.

Audubon’s Loss

The famous naturalist, Audubon,
pursued many of his fascinating studies
in the Ohio Valley. For several years
he made his home in Henderson, Ken-
tucky, whence he went forth to study
the birds in their native haunts. With
rare skill he sketched them in colors,
filling large portfolios with the finest
pictures of these.

After some time he found it neces-
sary to make a visit to Philadelphia.

He left his cherished drawings be-
hind, but he took the precaution of
packing them in a stout wooden box
and left this with a relative, to whom

226

he explained their value and urged
their protection against injury.

He was gone several months. On
his return he inquired eagerly for his
treasure and was informed that it was
all right. The box was brought forth
and opened. But alas! A pair of Nor-
way rats had gnawed their way into
it and reared a young family in the
paper which they had torn to pieces.

All the time and labor’ spent in the
drawing of nearly a thousand inhabi-
ants of the air had gone for naught.

Said Audubon: “The burning heat
which instantly rushed through my
brain was too great to be endured
without affecting my whole nervous
system. I slept for several nights and
the days passed like days of oblivion,
until the animal powers being recalled
into action through the strength of my
constitution I took up my gun, my note-
book and my pencils, and went forth
to the woods as gayly as if nothing had
happened. I felt pleased that I might
now make better drawings than be-
fore; and ere a period not exceeding
three years had elapsed my portfolio
was again filled.”

This was the devotion of a lover of
nature to nature’s lovely handwork. It
shows us how we may bear our
troubles. Most of them we may rise
above, and when we do this we are
larger and richer than we were be-
fore.—Classmate.—W. A. Strong, San
Jose, Cal.

<r
Rare Crows’ Eggs

I have two sets of Pink Crows’ eggs
which I know are genuine. They were
taken two different years from the
same section and are comparable in
color to Brown Thrasher and Mocking
Bird.

I also took a set of nine crows’ eggs
from one nest but am inclined to
think that two different birds de-
posited them. Also have one set with

THE OOLOGIST

®

runt egg. Sets of six are quite com-
mon as I have several of them.
J. R. Mann,
Arlington Heights, Mass.
We have two of this very rare type
of Crows’ eggs in our collection and
know of another full set in another
collection.
R. M. Barnes.

Bie a Se
Nesting Sites

“Birds Nesting Near the Habitations
of Man, Vs. Nesting in the Wild.”

My experience exceeding over some
forty years active field work proves
to me that more young birds come to
maturity in the strictly wild state of
nesting then when they nest near to
the home of man.

The prime causes against nesting
near the habitations of man are cats,
dogs, guns, small boys; various acci-
dents to a resident near Man. Causes
in the wild are reptiles, animals, birds
of prey, storms, stock in pastures.

Robins, Blue Birds, Blue Jays,
Phoebes, Barn and Eve Swallows and
such that nest near our homes, sel-
dom get to maturity, more than one or
two of there hatched.

The King Bird, Wood Pewee, Owls,
Woodpeckers, Rails, Hawks, more
often succeed in getting to maturity,
the whole, or nearly the whole brood.
It would be interesting and valuable
if an extensive report of this kind
could be made, as was done in the mi-
gration of birds. Many a time I have
seen Robins and Blue Jays bring off
four or five young and about the time
the young could make short flights,
some child would tease it to death
trying to catch and tame it, as a cat
would kill it. The others became so
widely scattered that the old birds
would have their “hands full,” and
finally some day I would find them
giving their individual attention to one
young bird only, the rest probably

THE OOLOGIST

having made a meal for tabby (es-
pecially is the case about town). In
the wild it is different. To be sure
there are plenty of snares, but the
worst ones, fire arms. Man and cats
are seldom present and the brood is
more often brought through with
little or no loss.

Supposing a Rail should hatch her
sixteen or twenty young near a farm
house or in a city or town, where a
legion of cats and children were at
large, but few of that precious brood
would come through to grown ups
though in the case of Rails, I suppose
-the cat would be the worst enemy.
Many a brood of Barn Swallows have
been hatched in the cow stable only
to feed some lazy cat, not worth its
feed.

| Geo. W. Vos Burgh,
Columbus, Wis.

It is estimated that three-fourths of
the birds hatched inside the cities,
towns and villages of the U. S. are
destroyed by cats. Moral, destroy the
cats.—Editor.

+
Books Received

University of California publica-
tions Vol. 19 RR, 191-200 Feb. 1919 is
a very interesting paper by O. E.
Platla, entitled “A muscid Larva of
- the San Francisco region which sucks
the blood of nesting birds.” The
author gives the result of a seasons
investigations and draws deductions
based on the observation of sixty
three birds’ nests and 1844 larvae, to
the effect that from 5 to 10 per cent
of the nestlings attacked die from loss
of blood, while others become so
weakened that they fall an easy prey
to animal enemies.

——_+--2
NOTICE.

_ We are out of copy.
—Editor,

227

BIRD BOOKS

OFFERED AT

NOMINAL PRICES

Mr. Oe neaes decision to limit
his business to Insect Books only,
affords a rare opportunity to pur-
chase desirable items relating to
Birds, and

Mammals, Reptiles

Shells at unheard of prices.

Lists only upon application.

John D. Sherman, Jr.

24 Claremont Ave.,

Mount Vernon, N. Y,

228

Heron Blinds Boy’s Eye

Lad finds bird standing on one leg
asleep—battle follows.

Fred Hoffman, fifteen, of Ronkon-
koma, N. Y., lost an eye recently in
a battle with a heron. He found the
bird standing on one leg asleep and

THE OOLOGIST

attempted to carry it off by this con-
venient handle. |

The heron put out the boy’s eye
with its beak, but was finally caught
and caged.—The Suburban Citizen.—
W. A. Strong, San Jose, Cal.

MAGAZINES WANTED
I will pay the highest prices for any one of the following back numbers of

these publications.

Agassez Bulletin. Buffalo, N. Y.,
1885. All except Vol. I, No. 5.
The A. A. Bulletin, Gilman, IIl.,

1890, Vol I, No. 3.

The Agassi Record, Oskaloosa, Ia.,
1888, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

American Magazine’ of — Natural
Science, 1892-3, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6;
Wols Ui, Noo:

The Agassiz Companion, Wyondotte
Ks., 1886, Vol. I, all but No. 2;Vol. 11,
all but 3-5-6-10; Vol. III, all but 1-5-10-
11-12.

Amateur Naturalist, Ashland, Maine,

1903-6, Vol.I, all; Vol IJ, all; Vol. ITI,
all except Nos. 1 and 4.
Bear Hill Advertiser, Stoneham,

Mass., 1903, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 3, and
all after No. 4.
American Osprey,
1890, Vol. I, No. 6.
The Buckeye State Collector, Ports-
mouth, O., 1888, Vol. I, Nos. 4 and 6.

Ashland, Ky.,

‘Bulletin of the Oologists Assn.,
Omaha, Nebr., 1897. All except No. I,
Vol. 1:

California Traveller and Scientists,
1891-2, Vol. I, all except No. 5; Vol.
II, all except No. 3 and all later issues.

The Collector, West Chester, Pa.,
1891, Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 1-2-3. j

The Collector, Des Moines,
Vol. II, all except Nos. 6-7-8.

Collectors Journal, Fayetteville, Ia.,
1901, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Collectors Monthly, Newburg,
N. Y., 1893, Vol. I, Nos. 2-3-4.

Collectors Notebook, Camden,
1903-4, Vol. I, all;
Nos: 2 and 6.

The Curio, Beason Maine, Vols. I,
De ES IV, Vi.
Collectors
Pa., 1888,

1882,

INN 5
wok II, all except

Monthly, Philadelphia,
All except Vol. I, No. 1,

If you have any of them write me at once.

Lacon, Ill.

R. M. Barnes,
The Collectors Monthly, Oakland,
Calif., 1911. All published except Nos.

2, 3 and 4 of Vol. I.

The Curio Exchange, New Kamilche,
Wash., 1901-2, Vol. I, No. 4 and Vol.
II, 3 and all after.

Empire State Exchange, Water Val-
ley, N. Y., 1889, Vol. I, all except Nos.
1-5-10; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1 and 2;
Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-3-4; Vol. IV,
all except 1-2-3-4.

The Exchange, Quendota, IIl.,
Vol. I; Nos. 1 and 4.

The Exchange, Adrian,
Vol. I, Nos. 1-2-4-5.

The Exchangers Monthly, Vol. IV,
complete, 1888.

Exchanger and Collector and Ex-
changers Aid, 1885, Canaijohorie, N.
Y., all except Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2.

Forest and Field, Gillertville, N. Y.,
1892, all except Vol I, Nos. 1 and 5.

Golden State Scientist, Riverside,
Calif., 1886, Vol. I, No. 1. The Sup-
pressed copy.

The Guide to Nature Study and
Nature Literature, Stanford, Conn.,
Vol. I, No. 12; Vol. II, all after No. 7;
Vol. IIII, IV, V;. Vol. IV, Noss ters
and No. 10. Also issues of March,
Nov. and Dec. 1909 and from Jan. 1910
to Dec. 1913, inclusive and March 1914
and July 1915 to Jan. 1916 inclusive. ~

The Hummer, Nebraska City, Neb.,
1899-1900, Vol. I, Nos. 3 and 4.

lowa Ornithologist, Salem, Ia., 1895-
tt, Vole IV, Now 3.

Kansas City Naturalist, Kansas
City, Mo., 1886-91, Vol. 5, No. 10.

The Kansas’ Naturalist,. Topeka,
Ks., 1902, Vol. I, all except No. 2.

The Maine O. and O., Garland, Me.,
1890-1, Vol. I, Nos. 5-6-7-12; Vol. II, No.
i te

1889,
Mich., 1885,

The Naturalist, Kansas City, Mo.,

THE OOLOGIST

1890, Vols. I, II, III and Vol. IV except
Nos. 6-8 and 10.

The Natural History Collectors
Monthly, 1893, Vol. I, except Nos. 1-2-
3-4.

The Naturalists Companion, Branch-
pore N. Y., 1885, ,Vol. I, No. 1.

The Naturalists Journal, Frankfort,
and Phila., Pa., 1884, Vol. I, Nos. 4
and 7; Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3-4.

Nature Study Review, Chicago, II1.,
All issues prior to No. 45; also Nos.
46, 58, 59. 60. 61, 62, 72. 74, 93, 94and
cls

The Observer, 1889-1917, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 1-2-3-6; Vol. II, all except
No. 3; Vol. III, all except Nos. 2-45-6-
7;Vol. IV, all except Nos. 2-3; Vol. V,
Nos. 6-8-9-10-12; Vol. VI, Nos. 2-7-10-12;
Vol. VII, Nos. 10-12; Vol. VIII, all ex-
cept No. 4.

Ohio Naturalist, Ohio State Univer-
sity, 1889-1895, Vols. I-II-III and Vol.
IV, No. 5 and all later issues.

The Old Curiosity Shop, Vol. IX,
No. 6.

The Oologist and _ Botanist,
Moines, Ia., Vol. II, Nos. 3-4-5.

The Oologist Advertiser, Danilsville,
Conn., 1889-90, Vol. I, No. 1.

The Ornithologist, Twin Bluffs, Wis.,
1885, Vol. 1, No. 1.

The Oregon Naturalist,
Ore., 1891, Vol. II, No. 7.

The Owl, Glenn Falls, N. Y., 1885-6,
Vol. I, all; Vol. II, all except Nos. 1
and 2; Vol. III, all except No. 2.

The Stormy Petrel, Quendota, IIl.,
1890, Vol. I, Nos. 2 and 6

The Taxidermist, Hyde Park, Mass.,
1907-14, all after Vol. II, No. 7.

The Valley Naturalist, St. Louis,
No. 1878, all except Vol. I, No. 1.

The Weekly Oologist and Philatlest,
all published except Vol. I, No. 2 and
Vol. II, No. 2.

The Western Naturalist, Topeka,
Ks., 1903, all issues except Vol. I, No.
A:

The Western Naturalist, Quadison,
Wis., 1887-8, Vol. I, Nos. 7-9-10; Vol.
II, Nos. 1-5-6.

The West American Scientist, San
Diego, Calif., 1885 to 1902, Vol. I, all
except Nos. 5-9-11; Vol. II, all except
Nos. 15-21; Vol. III, all except Nos. 27-
31; Vol. IV, all except Nos. 43-47-53;
Vol. VI, Nos. 61. Vol. VIII, 66-68-69-70-
71--72-73 and all after No. 139 except
No. 158.

The Wisconsin Naturalist, Milwau-

Des

Hugene,

21i

kee, Wis., Vol. I,, all except Nos. 6-6;
All of Vols. II-III-IV and V; all of Vol.
VI except No. 1; all of Vol. VII except
Nos. 77 and 78; all of Vol. VIII except
Nos. 79-81-82; all of Vol. IX except
Nos. 87-88-89-90.

The Young Collector, Des Moines,
Ia., 1881-2, all issues except Vol. I,
No. 41; and Vol. II, Nos. 1-2-3.

The Young Naturalist, Galesburgh,
Ill., 1884, Vol. I, all except Nos. 1-4-5.

The Young Ornithologist, Boston,
Mass., 1885, Vol. I, No. 10.

SPOT CASH—I will buy entire col-
lections of birds’ eggs and send lists.
B. R. BALES, 149 W. Main St., Circle-
ville, Ohio.

WANTED—Eggs of Waders and
Shore Birds. Send list of what you have
to dispose of for cash. B. R. BALES,
M.D., 149 W. Main St., Circleville, Ohio.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—Many
old numbers and some complete vol-
umes of American Ornithology, Condor,
Journal Main Ornithological Soc., Oolo-
gist, Ornithologist and Oologist, Osprey
and Wilson Bulletin and a few Ama-
teur publications. BENJ. ADAMS, 155
Amity St., Brooklyn, N.: Y.

TO BHXCHANGE — Singles without
data, at half rates, for sets: A. O. U. 7,
AA A. GRA, DOG Ailels a des, orci ey et Orlemmeetits
300c, 368, 372, 726c, 748a, and many
others. J. H. BOWLES The Woodstock,
Tacoma, Wash.

FOR SALE—Stevens Taxidermist’s
gun, 18 inch barrel. Price $6.00 CHAS.
KF. CARR, New London, Wis.

W ANTED—Reed’s—‘“‘The Bird Book’;
Beebe’s “Two Bird Lovers in Mexico,”
Ornithological books of Tropics. CLYDE
D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio

WILL TRADE “Birds of the North-
west. tor “Game .Birds of U, 824 )Can
supply most birds of Northwest. STAN-
TON WARLENTEN, Jr.

FOR SALE for Cash, or will exchange
for first class sets: One high grade
compound Microscope in case. Cash
value $50.00. Also have several hun-
dred sets to exchange or sell for cash.
ha ae A. WHELLER, East Randolph,

ang

Greater Yellow-Legs, Western Sand-
piper, Lesser Yellow-Legs, Upland
Plover, Black Bellied Plover, Mexican
Jacana, White tail Kite, Swallow Tail
Kite, Ruby Crown Kinglet and Fox
Sparrow. I can use in return sets of
Hooded Merganser, Yellow Rail, Hud-
sonion Curlen, Pectoral, Least and
Semipalmated Sandpipers. C. A. AB-
BOTT, City Manager, Otsego, Mich.

ADVERTISE IN
“THE OOLOGIST”
BEST RESUL A's

IV

THE OOLOGIST

THE OOLOGIST’S SPECIAL CLUBBING OFFERS FOR 1920
The following offers are made by Special Arrangement and we cannot guar- »

antee prices for more than 30 days.
of these Bargains.

MRGBSOOLOLISE. Gis 5 se SS Ses oe ee $ .50
American Magazine.............. 2.00
Woman’s Home Companion...... 2.00
Publisher’s Price.............. $4.50
I NIUUNE ES 255 ie ieee GR erm POOR tra eh dt $3.35
SANG Gace k ee ee $1.15
The sOOlOLISE) : Sicsscs acc 3s 4 )e. ceeeeslet ne $ .50
Pictorial Review ............... 2.00
McClure’s Magazine............. 2.00
Publisher’s Price. ...: 6..30.5./500% $4.50
PAM me tOR oc e Bais crounalereteies A bhe $3.35
SSEWIO Bae ita ce bierdarele ae eee $1.15
WMO -OOlOSISE. .... 66 ce ccc ciecctele ware $ .50
Reviews of Reviews............. 4.00

Everybody’s Magazine or Ameri-
CAMG ot Mics cco aise ahi oe 2.00
Publisher’s Price.............. $6.50
RM rea OD a catia) dna vors ny sis 1 bes Seopa nielehs $4.85
BVO ee ci ela ic hha ces ae $1.65
he -OoOlOSiSt cs). see ee we e's $ .50
INECCTOPOLEAN 6 Sec. b id ec cco stein 3.00
Current Opinion ..... . 3 see. ees 3.00
Publisher’s Price.............. $6.50
PANG ELON srinicis ky oiiuss gar a heccoumeee $4.85
SA VOR hci ote eee eyo $1.75
TNO VOOIOPISU. |. '..0:2)6 sia ss Siow ae he bee $ .50
AN VOULGOOTS « <<. sic 5.6 ste wtagecd eee he 2.00
Forest and Stream.............. 2.00
Publisher’s Price.............. $4.50
JN Sesh (C0 Wa Ae aS ow crates Sree av Bean $3.35
AVION eter eee Eis $1.15
ORDER

GRUMIAUX

News & Subscription Co.,
175 Fifth Ave., New York City.

Place your order now and take advantage
Subscriptions may commence with any issue desired.

The Oologists’..... 223 ...5 Seer io$ 300
Delineator .:.3...6¢0s.2 5.5 eee 2.00
Hivery body's °. Joi. vs a. eee 2.00
Publisher’s ‘Price... .: 20.2 eee $4.50
All 3 TOMre.. 60 See ee eee $3.35
SAVE 26. caus eeee ae $1.15
The Oologist. . 2.50.05... eee $ .50
Modern Priscilla... :...... (oo 1.50
MecCall’s Magazine.....:...4 s9gee8 1.00
Publisher’s ‘Price. .......2oseee $3.00
ANS" for oo. os See eee $2.25
SAVE) 200. cies «se eee $ .75
The Oologist).. 4:2. 3.5... see $ .50
World’s Work <.......... .ceeeee 4 .00
Century: .. 6 oie den ae 4.00
Publisher’s Price PPP eee 5 3 $8.50
Allk'3: for.......0. os eee $5.85
Save ....6: {00.650 ee $2.65
The Oologist: «...66..0..) ese $ .50
Youth’s Companion...: ..). ..535ene 2.50
Pictorial Review: ......<.c:eeeen 2.00
Publisher’s Price.....-..4-.mece $5.00
All Three for... 4.3/4 eee $4.00
Save «ss ised. vids .ce Soe $1.00
The Qologist ..... : .:: ..s. onsen $ .50
Outing 2 ic ac. do eee ee 3.00
Independent. ... 23%. .0cic 0 vccke 4.00
Publisher’s Price....... 2.2868 $7.50
AT 8° BOR oes csc. chars oh oa $5.35
SOVEC. oso ss 0a evaye «oa ee $2.15
BLANK

Please send the following magazines, each for 1 year, for which I enclose

‘ Bee Wecanine

PARAS Sa SLT SRR ee SEG via dir gy ROPE aan dete OR 1-8

tl Re Aer eS eae rn ee Cl cee ch EA. a et Se

Ae Eo ws eh iaxe Ga aio end sae Me rienceaoreie te EAE

Bye MES) Rae 2 EAS MA eo a i ee eee Le Bait
INATAC eo te ah Nc ans Bee ae
SinGGte sce ke se eae eae
OWE 522 cies os Ue, Cale EME

When to Begin

Pe ee ee
eco eerec reece eee eee esee re eese eee e eee eee eee
eee ece eee eee seer eereeseee ses eeeeee ee ease
eer eee ereceesee eee ee eee ees eeseeeeeseee eee

eeoeeeeeeee eee ee eee ees ee eee ese ee

ee®@eeeevreeeeeeeee tee eee eee ee eee

THE OOLOGIST Vv

MISCELLANLOUS.

FOR SALEH—A High-class collection
of Squirrels which I desire to dispose of
before entering the American Army.
E. H. HAMILTON, 614 Walnut St., Ver-
sailles Boro, McKeesport, Pa.

WANTED—Volumes 1
Thorburn’s British Birds.
some price will be paid for these two
volumes. ANSEL B. MILLER, Springs,
Pennsylvania.

EXCHANGE—Will exchange mount-
ed birds or skins for same; also desire
foreign specimens. Have some Fox
Squirrel skins to offer. O. M. GREEN-
WOOD, Manchester, Ia.

WILL BUY for cash or exchange
Printing Press outfit, Stereopticon,
Nature Specimens for sets with or
without nests, Pistols. Skins, Ringtail
Cats. DEAN NAT. SCIENCE BESTB.,
Alliance, Ohio.

SALE or TRADE—Pair of field

I want copy of Holland “Moth
or some other good book on
moths. HUBERT R. WISWELL, West-
brook, Minn.

FOR SALE—Loggerhead Sea turtle,
Embryos and hatched turtles, mixed
stages $3.00 dozen, small Octopus $1.0v
each. Other Maine specimens collected
from Florida this past summer. H.
AITKEN, Gen. Del., Philadelphia, Pa.

EXCHANGE— Funston Perfect (animal)
Smoker, 20 Onedia Jump Traps (new), eggs
in sets. Want eggs in sets and singles.
LYLE D. MILLER, E. Claridon, Ohio.

FOR SALE—Live pupae of moths and but-
terflies. Bee st on application, for de-
livery November 1, 1918. Also entomologi-
cal supplies of all kinds, LOUIS S. KOH-
LER, 47 Wagner Place, Hawthorne, N. J.

FOR SALE—Two handsome Virginia
Red Cedar cabinets suitable for eggs or
skins. Also one smaller Walnut Cabi-
net, cheap. WHARTON HUBBER, Gwy-
nedd Valley, Pa.

PERSONAL—Would like to become_ac-
hye a with active Oologist in New York
ity. Westchester Co., or Beaty, with view
ring. please

to expeditions next s 1G
LEER, White’ Plains.

write. RAY MOND F
INGE Re EY DD. No. 1

FOR EXCHANGE ~— Large showy_ India
moths. Atacus Atlas. Antheraea Pernyi.
Actias selene. Caligula cachara. (pele run
Hybrid) Also many natives. Want A No.1
ee of 288, 364. A.J. POTTER, East Killingly.

onn.

The Oologist is the best medium of ex-
change for Oologists Ornithologists etc., in
the entire U.S

WANTED—Bendires Life Histories
and Crocketts, “A Yearbook of Ken-
tucky Woods and Fields.” State
lowest price. ALBERT F. GANIER,,
2507 Ashwood Ave., Nashville, Tenn.

WANTED—20 gauge aux. chambered
for 32 Ex. Long. J. A. MUNRO, Okana-
gan Landing, B. C.

BOOKS WANTED—Orchids of New
England, by Baldwin; Our Native
Orchids, by Gibson; Ferns of North
America by Eaton. Please state price.
H. MOUSLEY, Hatley, Quebec. 1-1t

WANTED—One B. & L. Model C. dou-
ble Dissolving Lens. New or second
hand stereopticon Machine in exchange
for personally collected specimens of
Western Birds Eggs. Mrs. A. O. TRE-
GANZA, No. 624 E. Sixth St. South, Salt
Lake City, Utah. 1-2t

WANTED—Cash or exchange, vols.
1, 2, 3 of Ridgeway’s BIRDS OF NORTH
AND MIDDLE AMERICA—vols. 5, 7 of
same series to offer. Also want first
class compound microscope. H.
LADD, 4354 McPherson, St. Louis, Mo.

ee ea ee
WANTEHED—12 Gauge Double Barrel

Or repeating shot gun at moderate

oat C. G HART, Hast Berlin, Conn.
ox

WANTED TO BUY—Auk, vols. 1-32,
odd numbers; Bird Lore, vols. 1-14;
Oologist, Utica, vols. 1-5; Ornithologist
and Oologist, all of vols. 6-12, vol. 13
title and index only, and vol. 15, no. 7;
Young Oologist, vols. 1 and 2; Nidiolo-
gist, vols. 1-4; Osprey, vols. 1-5, and
vol. 1, new series; and all other ama-
teur bird and natural history periodi-
cals. ALABAMA DEPARTMENT OF
ARCHIVES AND HISTORY, State Cap-
itol, Montgomery, Ala.

EXTRAORDINARY SALE—Bird Neg-
atives, duplicate accumulations of fif-
teen years; crowded cabinets. Must be
sold. Many very rare; all of interest.
Four grades: $ .50, $1, $1.50 per dozen;
and Fifteen cents each, net. List for
five cents, in stamps. After one month,
to insure sale, prices will be reduced
ten per cent per month, till all are sold.
Better order NOW. B. PEABODY,
Blue Rapids, Kansas.

SALE OR EXCHANGE—Condor Vols.
= 2 eos Sebde l= 6 exe 1 INIdolosise
Vols. I, 4; III, 3. Osprey, Vol. III, 1-3-6.
Jour. Me. Orn. Soe. Vol. I, 1-2-4; III, 3;
XI, 4. Wanted Condor, Vols. aye 2- ae 5;
NG Bae AVUE 12223456: xe Ar Xi: 35
xe 5; XX, 2-4-5-6. Auk, Vols. Viliz
IX, 4; X, 2-4: American Ornithology
Wolk, WA Ornithologist and Oologist,
Molss Vili Sool alt but. and. 9) Balt
Wiech Oreh. Clubs Vols, 2, 1-25) Eis 34) Nie
1-3-4. H. M. JOHNSON, Pittsfield,
Maine.

WANTED—One perfeet skin with
skull, for mounting purposes and with
data of the following mammals: Brown
Lemning, Banded Leming, Kangaroo
Rat, Little Chief Harear Coney, Black
Footed Ferrett, Fox Squirrel, Douglas
Squirrel, Golden Chipmunk, Marten or
Pine Marten Woodrat. Also others.
As pay cash. K. B. MATHHRS, Batavia,

vi

THE CONDOR

A -Magazine of Western
Ornithology
Published Bi-monthly by the

Cooper Ornithological Club of California

Edited by J. Grinnell and Harry S. Swarth

‘“‘The Condor’’ is strictly scientific
but: edited in such a way that a be-
ginner of ‘‘Bird Study”’ can easily un-
derstand it.

The articles in ‘‘The Condor’’ are
written by the leading Ornithologists
of the United States and are illustrated
by the highest quality of half tones.

Our subscription rates are $1.50 per year in

the United States and $1.75 in a Foreign coun-
try. Sample Copy 30c.

Address | x
W. LEE CHAMBERS, Bus. Manager,
Eagle: Rock, Los Angeles, Cal.

THE OOLOGIST

THE
*Blue- Bird’’

Is now published monthly, the
year ’round, with new and inter-
esting departments, features and
contests, and

At No Additional Cost to

Subscribers
Official Organ of the Cleveland Bird

Lovers’ Association.
SEND STAMP FOR SAMPLE COPY

Annual..Subscription, $1.50 ©
AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE

“THE BLUE-BIRD,”

1010 Euclid Ave.
CLEVELAND, OHIO

THE NEW CATALOGUE

The work on the new price list moves slowly. The com-
mittee of twenty-five, named by the Oologists of the coun-
try, now have the work in hand and we hope to receive the
results of their labors in time to publish the volume so it

will be available for 1920 exchanges.

It is, however, a long

laborious road this committee has to travel and we are sure
they, will do thorough work before submitting it for publi-

cation.

The name of E. F. Page in the October issue of this
committee should be E. E. Pope, well known to all Ameri-

can Oologists.

—R. M. Barnes.

a i oS muwwmh FF. *
WA -w j a is al woth a) by BI “ah lbs wari

v . .
: ’ ddd a = ore 1
Py le ® qa q) wit ey ~ f° hm. wig i a ®
ae 8 “ew - NAWe eet” Vw ih . 2 TT dere a =” = id
~ v ¢ wt? PAA ww

PAPA |) nL ahd de AAP
Arvvre¥ TT AL | | aut es YT ‘ New

edie lebebd 444 ey ? ti | svgbanss Wy oats mm wot Ha
eae aa! bang ¥ ANiNYty eacormresnernrrat a Fe LLL eC acgnanee

HEL SN ANey ery Saad 2 FREE T TT

vy ny ANA yd hie ty

nate in ra ji “es einvdees ry Vert Ar eer errr
ie g ty all rene | Ltt
. ih bv hy Pmigael Seeeivil wevere

a TPT a lines ‘dpa reat

eo YW” &
pwr cw s ’ PE AL VAS ey 2 at Oe
SA : rng lh pias
A, ¢d te. bs LARS Y*u k te bled

y \ s e “UG Sw Ne: ; : ( ay ww
: WAN y Paulo te aye jenn! if ws FONSI Ni By WAT been
\ Ao gi, aed = w> ey i @ are a

YS als th pi iB ie se leg Naty pare ww, hl
wer ce i &.

x

Ng On er | Auth i ety | | voyewryrts? 1H Wergs” |
Wily mT it ae aa *< Th iy wv e Wa san
eat VO ae itu. St enter Terr ee

J ‘a “Wy abies 5 =a ED. wiss , PDD DA Ly TT ie ;
GeU Veye- a | Wp eel Sey asi ‘ ~~@eL “weye- <)
VW Fe WSuanumesder eee SA aa i atten

4 |

we FY

eee. ‘

bad

4 ere Pet Te Ot Ws E

we ve with tay Wri MY, su liens & evan ©: ‘

A> 7 eh a Marl 1 aanee?) TTT 2FulNwes) A .

Sc nidelllis tse hs ted] (EI ETE sagen Nr eT ffl
| . PPMSaqere oss . Senet Ven cet hyey TENT

ees: ‘Fy ~ eeaey,

| ay, aay
4 wee rie y ' nts
em aye i if ae alle jSx ccaeas cee ET Ne Ae
i WVVMhiy re hy(: call voll Peta ve ai A) hdd | weigh evel
i. 7 #- 1) 2

COR OE
Vv. 4 - , a

mY
To : , P
ie . 5 / othe a @ se
vo COLE LAN Tabet Sp aeteed | | | [1S Nepulted ¥ We Wee OF RE

» age
vee ey ors. aie. ah
— 4 vUNA ’ VX wd evi if
ty Ti'vy “% vw
as | vit i

\ PTET TEE TE
, if ~ie~y Tes :

. z 7 “a Spas Nah an “gf. venti
Fi ily AMAR ah en

rN

ey ee Te

oy ari “O54 4 ‘wg
Ney te latin Hug ad a (AP reNAD mn te eed ets: “wm %,
} i. ou aA A (A.u BRAAL we a
=. " . Rae - 4 is DAA, Renn eae ww?
shel me "wud * a > : nate’ id al ie r . asnet see ay we ie “oe as Stein hd
| be: ‘s'@ Et: mae |
| A? Tu ~ ri te, yal” Ha We nenaie ib feeg itt: sexeven nti Way _ yt
Py aT TWN e- Me TTT Lt b ‘ Ogg Ad ", y AA) Se.
=? , | ial ~s “J ; 4 ‘
wt “pee -_ steten® DB Ge he aS it | | 08 on natant eP ttre a oe “Fie, gill
‘ a vhAnge” - Nei ais aanee wewie 2 TT al bd - tA A yy tt
r : Oe TN Ge Fe a, ) | VUE WeK7 aa
Hd oP gaat (ALES Sit ee ANSEL seas.
Pe A ae oN oJ ww * ry Ty yi hs da MFO TA J
- 19 a 7 sd a am ) ew, } eave AAA~
shal SED i nae Mirae, Ty Aha | ECLA CR
t+ e < . . : A Ned iS we
py. Away. mg Won ARATE TA . areveewer’
here vndrtt ¥ L

~ Oy pt
‘awiniuwie vay veil
‘ vine net S44 - at
¥ i w Y :
eee us ‘ Cant ryt cyt nyt
a) mean cee <= ~~ any Cas =

i

TEELttth Lit | gat
merenr severe dl ie r try
l

joe

Wey | eve Aare

yee ae ' Wad TaD) wt
oy, ee ONES Dai y ear Nm SS
: wy ey ‘NAY * we egy wey" 4d. ae | Wh “9
AY ttt weit ll yo. AA 4 44S ~ Very We. Vay gr wry — . ges
be al ON. ve ate A its 4 LL ayn ea /
7 Rata wu. Wrvees aa seo b- fete ye mg mg NS : -e
he Et be | VF ‘g 4 /
Wy cyxeret Na: “~ Kg Vy ole i} pista tesaccet hh “= etll *) iy
L a wy ay | AL st > a} hee oe ee é PT baked ee oe _ w : ; i
Oe au’ ye’ Tey i* ay; - v 3 ” \ wh TT ald 5 anh ey jgee ik any i
cytes te ye, f \ y, vi "¥ ae au weet! t{ ew ti i
! Me | LU Pit epee | his uf
why gg vi , ore
ans" Meret aera t
\F
snc .

i

Pd LT a enna iy aM aneansinae ae BLUNT. aa Liaw AN

See faatacanaale Na inner ane we
aegis ve oF A. we | | is fo

rarer.
Ed ‘ : ae : ; = 7 i & =
a ee ret ee oy ‘oa . Pes <a - Ss |