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LIBRARIES

ON THE

Annelida Cheetopoda

OF THE

VIRGINIAN COAST,

BY

/
wold) By... WUE Biel Ben,

In Advance of Vol. ix of Transactions of the Albany Institute.

ANNELIDA CHAITOPODA OF THE VIRGINIAN
COAST.

By H. E. WesstEr.
[Read before the Albany Institute, Oct. 15, 1878. ]

The Annelida catalogued and described in the follow-
ing pages were collected in the summer months of 1874
and 1876, by the zodlogical expeditions which, for some
years past, Union College has sent out during the summer
vacation. The locality wasin Northampton Co., Virginia,
(Eastern shore of Va.), between the main-land and the
line of outsideislands. Collecting on the eastern shore is
in many respects unpleasant. ‘The coast is monotonous ;
there is very little variety of station, unless a change from
soft black mud to softer blacker mud can be called variety.
At low-water a great area is exposed, but from high-water
mark to the edges of the channels it is always mud; and
when the dredge is let down it comes up filled with the
same variety of mud; of course under such circumstances
the work itself can not be pleasant. However, there was
abundence of life. At low water the flats were black with
Ilyanassa obsoleta Stimp., and two species of Gelasimus
were present in numbers that defied computation; oysters
and blue-crabs were everywhere; Amphitrite ornata was so
common that in many places their extended tentacles
almost touched each other; Marphysa sanguinea appeared
at every turn of the spade or haul of the dredge; Nereis
limbata, Drilonereis longa, Cirratulus grandis, Hnoplobranchus
sanguineus and other worms were present in the mud in
great numbers; small annelids and molluscs abounded
among the oysters. By far the greater part of our work
was done with the spade at low-water. With the excep-
tion of the Syllide and some other small forms, nearly
every species dredged was also found between tides. In
a few places we found what our boatmen called “ rocky

hs ab, }

hig Tae

Cheetopoda of the Virginian Coast. 3

bottoms.” The rocks were a thin layer of dead shells,
that had been washed into the deeper parts of the channels
and remained there. These shells hadjbeen very tho-
roughly excavated by a species of {sponge and other
boring animals, and in the galleries thus formed most of
the smaller species of annelids were found.

The results of the work, so far as concerns the annelids
may be summarized as follows:

Number of Families, represented, - - - 23
ee Genera, - - - - - 49
5a Species, - - - - - - 59

The number of families would by many be regarded as
too small, as I have followed Grube and Ehlers, rather than
Kinberg and Malmgren in regard to family limitations ;
using Eunicide, for example, to include Marphysa, Lum-
briconereis and Staurocephalus, each of which has been
referred (and perhaps properly) to a distinct family. In
the generic classification, on the other hand, I have usually
followed what may be called the modern arrangement.
Nevertheless it seems very probable that the views of Prof.
Grube as to the proper limitations of the genera of seti-
gerons annelids are correct, and will ultimately prevail.
Of the genera adopted, four are new and six have not pre-
viously been reported from our coast. Twenty-seven of
the species are believed to be new, besides four previously
described, but new to our coast.

I am under obligations to Prof. Verrill both for advice
and for the use of specimens.

My thanks are also due to Mr. J. A. Lintner of the N.
Y. State Museum of Natural History, who has used his
wide knowledge and experience to supplement my defi-
ciences both in knowledge and experience, in the kindest
and pleasantest manner possible.

T. R. Featherstonhaugh, M. D., of Schenectady, N. Y.,

4 Annelida Cheetopoda

and Mr. Thomas McKechnie of Newark, N. J., rendered
valuable assistance in collecting; digging and dredging
with patience and even with cheerfulness which was all
the more wonderful as they were not sustained by any deep
affection for worms, crabs, molluscs, etc.

Fam. POLYNOID A.
LEPIDONOTUS (Leach) Knbg.

LEPIDONOTUS SquAMATUS Knbg.

PL. I, FIGS, 1-5.
Aphrodita squamata LINN. Syst. Nat., ed..x,"p. 655.
Polynoé squamata SAv. Syst. des Ann., p. 22.

os < Aub. &M. Ep. Littoral dela France, ii, p. 80, pl. i, figs.
10-16.
uc as QuaATR. Hist. Nat. des Ann., i, p. 218.

ff Y GRUBE. Fam. der Ann., p. 36.
Aphrodita punctata. Zool. Danica, iii, p. 25 (non figs. of p]. 96).
s af O. Fas. Fauna Groenlandica, p. 311.
Lepidonote punctata CARSTED. Ann. Dan. Consp., p. 12, figs. 2,5, 39, 41,
47, 48.— Gron. Ann. Dors., p. 16.
Lepidonote armadillo LErDy. Marine Invert. Faun. N. J. &R. 1., Ex. Journ.
Phila. Acad., series ii, vol. iii, p. 16, pl. xi, f. 54.
Lepidonotus squamatus KnBa. Eugenies Resa; Zodlogie ii. p. 13, pl. iv,

f, 15.
% “ JOHNSTON. Cat. British Worms, p. 109, pl. viii, f. 1,
“ 6 MALMGREN. Nord. Hafs-Ann., p. 56.
sf sc Ann. Polych., p. 180.
a Se BarrpD. Linn. Proc. Zodlogy, viii, p. 182.

< if VERRILL. Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc.,
in Report of U. S. Commissioner of Fish & Fish-
eries, Part I, p. 581, pl. x, figs. 40-41.
sf ed Mostius. Untersuchung der Ostsee, p. 112.
Polynoé dasypus QUATR. Hist. Ann., i, p. 226.

LL. squamaius of the American coast seems to differ
somewhat from the European form. Comparing f. 1, pl
1, with Kinberg’s figure (15, pl. 4, Hug. Resa), it will be

of the Virginian Coast. 5

seen that in our specimens the anterior eyes are larger ;
the lateral prolongations of the head, from which the
lateral antenne arise, much shorter; the peduncle of the
median antenne not so much depressed, ete. I have col-
lected this species at many points from Maine to Virginia,
and after careful comparison am satisfied that fig. 1, re-
represents accurately the form of the head and append-
ages for our specimens. Not common.

LEPIDONOTUS SQUAMATUS Var. ANGUSTUS.
Lepidonotus angustus VeERR. Invert An. Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 581.

Prof. Verrill now regards the form described by him
as L. angustus as a variety of L. squamatus.
Common on shells, etc., from low water to 10 fathoms.

LEPIDONOTUS VARIABILIS 7. Sp.
PL. I, FIGS. 6-11. PL. U, FIGS. 12-14.

Body narrow, of nearly uniform width throughout;
slightly convex above and below. The head (pl. I, f. 6)
is convex laterally, with a well marked depression run-
ning from the base of the middle antenna, nearly to the
posterior margin. Eyes, lateral, circular; the anterior pair
a little back of the centre, slightly larger than the poste-
rior pair. Middle antenna about double the length of the
lateral, nearly three times as long as the head, somewhat
swollen at its outer third, then tapering rapidly to a fili-
form termination. Lateral antenne with a slight enlarge-
ment midway, otherwise similar to middle antenna.

Palpi, a little shorter than middle antenna, swollen at
base, diminishing rapidly and uniformly.

The tentacular cirri have elongated basal articles; the
inferior are about the length of the lateral antenne; the
superior a little longer. In structure they are the same

as the middle antenna.
Z

6 Annelida Cheetopoda

Elytra, 12 pairs, completely covering the back. First
pair nearly circular, the others oval, slightly broader
pehind than in front (pl. I, f. 7). Posterior and outer
margin coarsely fringed; an isolated patch of fringe on the
inner margin, not arising from the edge, but from the sur-
face of the elytron near the edge. Along the inner border
where there is no fringe, is a series of minute papille.
When not magnified the elytra seem to be smooth. In
reality they are covered with minute, sharp, spine-like pro-
jections. The color of these little spines is usually reddish
brown, though they may be any shade of brown, or even
white.

The dorsal cirri are about one-half the length of the
middle antenna, and have the same form. They arise
from a stout basal article, much swollen along its inner
half; outer half cylindrical. They project by about one-
third of their own length beyond the sete. The feet are
Jarge, in length about equal to the width of the body,
somewhat compressed, diameter suddenly diminishing at
outer third, truncated externally. Seteof dorsal ramus
numerous, delicate, usually covered, with a single series
of rather coarse denticulations (pl. I, fig. 12). Those of
the lower’ ramus, stout, bidentate (pl. I, figs. 9, 10);
superior tooth very little curved, projecting some distance
beyond theinferior. Below the apex there are a few stout
denticles. Of the terminal teeth, the lower is frequently
worn off (pl. I, f. 13). The sete of the lower ramus are
somewhat variable in form, as shown in the figures.
Those of the first segment are not bidentate (pl. I, f. 11).
The ventral cirri arise at about the inner third of the feet,
from a small, rounded, basal article; they are minute,
conical (pl. I, f. 8). There are two very long anal cirri,
longer than the middle autenna. The dorsal cirri of the
last segment turn directly backward, and reach about one-

of the Virginian Coast. 7

half as far as the anal cirri, thus giving the appearance of
four anal cirri. Color, variable. The head may be clear
white, or with dark brown specks. The antenne and all
superior cirri are white, with a black or dark brown band
on the enlarged portion. The palpi are usually dark
brown at base, becoming lighter externally, with white
tips; or they may be white throughout. The general color
of the body above is some shade of brown, but the elytra
vary much in their markings. Often there is a large
whitish spot, with numerous minute brown spots, or the
white spot may disappear. The brown sometimes becomes
nearly black. In a few specimens the black occurs in large
blotches ; or the space usually occupied by the white spot
may be black. The body beneath the elytra is yellowish
white. The anal segment is brown or black, and the two
or three segments preceding the anal have transverse
markings of the same color as the anal segment. Ventral
surface more nearly uniform in its markings than the
dorsal. General color, yellowish-white. Margins of each
segment with an irregularly shaped brown spot. A central,
white or yellowish-white, line, on each side of which on
each segment is a brown spot. The anal cirri are usually
dark colored throughout, and the external enlargement
is hardly perceptible.

On pl. II, f. 14, a head is figured which will be seen
to differ much from f. 6; but it is only in the head that
the twoforms differ. In sete, shape of feet, form and
character of elytra, etc., they agree perfectly. Atleast half
of the specimens corresponding to fig 14 were females.
I could not determine the sex of the others. Possibly
this may be a sexual form, though I have been unable to
find any notice of sexual variations in this group of annel-
ids. It will be seen that the anterior margin of the first
segment is prolonged on each side of the middle line into

S Annelida Cheetopoda

little triangular folds, which in contracted specimens en-
croach on the posterior margin of the head. ‘This is also
the case with L. variabilis.

Length 10 to 20™; diameter 2 to 4""—some of the
widest specimens not being more than 15™™ in length, while
some of the longest are not over 8™™ in width. Number
of segments (setigerous), 26.

ANTINOE RKnbg.
ANTINOE PARASITICA 2. Sp.

PL. I, FIGS. 15-22.

A minute form, found under the elytra of Lepidametria
commensalis. I have never seen a perfect specimen. Of
the three found, two were without elytra; the third had
a few remaining. Number of setigerous segments, 21.

Head (pl. Il, fig. 15), divided into lobes in front by a
deep triangular depression which is continued backward
to the posterior margin, as a narrow, but well defined
impressed line. The widest part of the head is about the
middle third, where it is convex at the sides; but the
lateral margins both in front and back of this part are
slightly concave; dorsal surface convex.

Anterior eyes, situated on the middle line, widely sepa-
rated, black, crescentic: posterior eyes small, circular,
about half-way between the front pair and the posterior
inargin of the head. Middle antenna lost, except basal
article: this last occupies in part the space between the
lobes of the head, is large, but not very long. The lateral
antennee are without basal articles; they arise beneath the
anterior margin of the head, and are smooth, conical,
slightly compressed at base: their length is about half that
of the head. Palpi, nearly twice the length of the head,
smooth, cylindrical for their inner three-fourths, then sud-
denly decreasing in diameter.

of the Virginian Coast. a

Tentacular cirri arise from an elongated cylindrical base ;
superior lost; inferior as long as the head, inner half
cylindrical, outer half conical; covered from near their
origin for two-thirds of their length with rather coarse
papille.

Elytra, probably 12 pairs; very minute, transparent,
smooth, edge without appendages. They were colorless,
with numerous very light brown specks and streaks.
They barely covered the base of the feet, not reaching to
the middle line of the body. The shape varies, some
being as shown in pl. II, f. 16, others as in f. 17.

Dorsal cirri long, projecting beyond the sete, in all
respects similar to the tentacular cirri. Feet long, nearly
cylindrical, bilabiate. Dorsal ramus a mere papilla on
the upper surface of the foot. Sete of dorsal ramus (pl.
II, f. 18) delicate, one edge very finely denticulated, ter-
minating in a long capillary point. Sete of ventral ramus
of several kinds: first and second setigerous segments, the
sete terminate in a single sharp point, at some distance
below which is a long series of sharp teeth (pl. IT, f. 20); on
the remaining segments, except the last two, the sete are
bidentate, serrate below the apex, the teeth being arranged
in short series. The superior terminal tooth is much
curved (pl. II, f. 19). In the penultimate segment these
setee are replaced in part by strong hooked sete; while
in the last segment the hooked sete are the only ones
found (pl. I, figs. 21, 22). It seems probable that the
function of these hooks is to hold on to the body of
Lepidametria commensalis, under the elytra of which they
are found. Length about 2™.

LEPIDAMETRIA n. gen.

Lateral margins of the head prolonged to form the bases
of the lateral antenne. Middle antenna with distinct basal
article. A small facial tubercle. Body elongated, flattened.

10 Annelida Cheetopoda

Elytra numerous, completely covering the body, or leav-
ing a naked median space of variable width; along the
posterior part of the body not always in pairs. Sete of
dorsal ramus, few, delicate: of the ventral ramus for the
most part bidentate, but with a few, stouter than the others,
pointed.

This genus is closely related to Hatosypna Knbg. but
differs in the number and arrangement of the elytra, in
having pointed setee in the lower ramus, and in having a
distinct facial tubercle. In many respects it agrees with
LEPIDASTHENIA Magrn., but is excluded from that genus by
having sete in the dorsal rami.

LEPIDAMETRIA COMMENSALIS 7. Sp.
PL. III, FIGS. 23-31,

Head (f. 23), convex, sides rounded, widest and highest
at posterior third, posterior margin slightly concave.

Eyes circular, black, lateral, all small, and in alcoholic
specimens seen with difficulty. Anterior pair largest,
situated at the widest part of the head. Posterior pair
mere specks, half way between the front pair and the
hind margin of the head.

Lateral antenne, bases forming about one-third the
length of the entire head; antenne a little longer than the
head. Base of median antenna stout, cylindrical, project-
ing a little beyond the origin of the lateral antenne.
Middle antenna one-third longer than the lateral. All the
antenne, together with the tentacular cirri and dorsal
cirri are cylindrical to near the end, where there is a very
slight swelling, after which they taper rapidly, having a
filiform termination.

Palpi, stout, extending beyond the middle antenna,
decreasing regularly to near the end, where they become
suddenly filiform ; covered with minute cylindrical papille.

of the Virginian Coast. Vy

Tentacular cirri arise from a long basal article, much
enlarged at origin. The superior cirrus is a little shorter
than the median antenna; inferior, a little shorter than
the superior.

The elytra are smooth, border without appendages.
There may be from 388 to 50 onaside. They can not be
enumerated in pairs, since opposite sides of the same seg-
ment may bear, one, an elytron, the other, a dorsal cirrus.
For the first 32 segments the arrangement is uniform; viz:
1, 3, 4, 6, 26, 27, 29, 30,32. After the 32d segment no
two specimens present exactly the same arrangement ;
even the opposite sides of the same specimen, as mentioned
above, differing both inthe number and position of the
elytra. For example, on one specimen between the 39th
and 44th segments, inclusive, was the following arrange-
ment. Right side, elytra on 39th and 44th segments :

Dorsal cirri, 40, 41, 42, 43.

Left side, elytra, 39, 41, 42, 44:

Dorsal cirri, 40, 438.

The elytra (figs. 25, 26, 27) extend along the entire
length of the body, and in some cases cover the body
completely, but usually there is a naked median space of
variable width, and often they do not overlap, or even
touch each other in any direction. Anterior pair of elytra
circular, elsewhere oval, longer axis transverse, anterior
margin emarginate when overlapped by preceding elytron ;
otherwise rounded. A variable number of posterior seg-
ments are without elytra. These segments are very short,
and are always covered by the last pair.

The dorsal cirri arise from stout, nearly cylindrical
basal articles (f. 28), which are one-third as long as the
cirri. They extend a little beyond the foot. Their struc-
ture is the same as that of the antennae, save that the
subterminal swelling is ever: less obvious. The basal arti-

12 Annelida Cheetopoda

cele originates a little outside of and behind the attach-
ment of the elytra. Ventral ramus of foot stout, elongate,
conical, widely excavated for the transmission of the sete,
and obliquely truncated from above downward. Dorsal
ramusa mere papilla. Setee of dorsal ramus (f. 81) few,
delicate, tapering gradually to a minute capillary ending,
one edge tinely denticulated. One stout concealed acicula.

Ventral sete in two bundles; superior with one or two
stout sete (f. 29) usually with bluntly rounded apex,
beneath which for a short distance one edge is minutely
denticulated. In the upper bundle there are also from
one to three bidentate setee. Below the apex on each side
is a series of rather long sharp teeth, from 6 to 8 in num-
ber. These sete are not quite so large as those mentioned
above. In the lower bundle are from 6 to 12 bidentate
setee every way similar to those of the upper, but a little
more delicate (f. 30). All the sete however are stout
and long, except those of the anterior feet which are de-
licate.

The first ventral cirrus is in all respects similar to the
dorsal cirri; its basal article is long, and arises from the
base of the foot. After this one they originate at the
inner third of the foot from a small papilla. They are
minute, conical. At the outer posterior angle of each
segment, below, is a small cylindrical papilla, projecting
backward and downward, not visible on a few of the
anterior segments.

Facial papilla. Just in front of the mouth, beneath the
base of the median antenna is a small, facial tubercle or
papilla, bluntly rounded externally. Anal cirri two,
similar to dorsal cirri. Body very slightly convex above
and below.

Color. When divested of the elytra the dorsal surface
is usually reddish-purple, with narrow bands of darker
purple between the segments. Some specimens again are

of the Virginian Coast. 13

dark gray, others nearly black. The elytra are trans-
parent, but when removed from the body show a light
brown or gray background with numerous dark brown or
black spots and blotches. While the elytra remain on the
body their circular attachments show through as a series of
well marked white spots. Head and facial papilla purple.
Antenne black at base, succeeded by white with brown
markings, then comes a black ring corresponding to the
enlarged portion; terminal part white. Palpi white. Ten-
tacular cirri, first ventral cirrus, dorsal cirri, and anal
cirri colored same as antenne; the last dorsal cirri and
the anal cirri are sometimes darker, or nearly black
throughout. Ventral cirri white, flecked with brown at
base. Ventral surface same as dorsal. Dorsal sete, and bi-
dentate sete of ventral ramus, amber-yellow ; single pointed
large sete, dark reddish-brown.

Besides the specimens found in Virginia, one specimen
has been found by Prof. Verrill near New Haven, Conn.

Length, 50-90™".

Breadth, including feet, 5-7™”.

Number of segments, 60-80.

Lives in tube of Amphitrite ornata Verrill.

Fam. SIGALIONID A.
STHENELAIS Knbg.
STHENELAIS Picta Verrill.

VERR. Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 582.

Fam. NEPHTHYDIDA.
NEPHTHYS Cuo

NEPHTHYS INGENS Stimpson.

Stmp. Mar. Invert. of Grand Manan, p. 33, in Smithson. Contrib., 1854.
VERRILL. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 583, pl. xii, figs. 59, 60.

3

14 Annelida Cheetopoda

Neputuys picta Ehlers.

Exu. Borstenwurmer, p. 682, pl. xxiii, figs. 9, 35,
VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 588, pl. xii, f. 57.

Rare in Va.
Fam. PHYLLODOCID A.
PHYLLODICE (Sav.) Mgrn.
PHYLLODICE FRAGILIS 7. sp.

PL. III, FIGS. 32-37.

Body elongated, flattened, widest in the middle, tapering
uniformly in both directions, first and last segments very
narrow; middle third above, slightly convex; elsewhere,
both above and below, flattened.

Head (f. 32) wider than long, very convex, bluntly
rounded in front, posterior angles rounded, posterior mar-
gin very slightly convex, lateral margins convex, widest
at posterior third. Eyes large, circular, black, situated at
the widest part of the head, nearly lateral.

Antenne, inferior slightly longer than superior, all fusi-
form, stout, not as long as the head. The first segment
is longer than the second; it bears three pairs of tenta-
cular cirri. The first pair originate close to the lateral
margin of the head, the second, back of and a little within
the first, the third, under the second. The second seg-
ment bears one pair of cirri (the 4th). The second pair
are the longest, reaching back to the fifth segment. The
others are about half as long. ‘They all arise from short
cylindrical basal articles. Diameter nearly uniform to
near the end, where they taper slightly to a bluntly rounded
termination.

The incisions for the feet extend inward go far that the
feet on each side form one-third of the width of the body.

of the Virginian Coast. 15

The feet are crowded, a short free portion is cylindrical,
bluntly rounded externally, bilabiate, transmitting a fan of
delicate setee. .

The stem of the sete is much longer than the appendix
somewhat flattened near the end, and with a transverse
terminal series of minute teeth. The appendix is short,
usually curved, wide at base, rapidly diminishing (f. 36),
The appendix however may be double the length of the
one figured, and less curved.

The dorsal cirri (branchiz) are somewhat variable in
form: but usually broad heart-shaped on the anterior seg-
ments (f. 83), becoming somewhat narrower, and less
bluntly rounded externally further back (f 34), while on
young specimens, and on recently renewed lost parts,
they are narrower, becoming somewhat lanceolate (f. #5).
The ventral cirri (f. 37) extend beyond the feet, are nearly
cylindrical, bluntly rounded externally.

Anal cirri shaped much like antenne, may be as long as,
or double, the length of the antenne.

Color. Head greenish-white. Body from light to dark
green. All cirri generally yellowish-green. Body and
dorsal cirri with numerous, irregularly placed, dark brown
spots. On young specimens and on renewed parts the
color is always light, and the brown spots few, or absent.

Length of longest specimen 50™™. Greatest diameter of
same specimen 2™™.

Found on shells between tides. Occasionally dredged.
Common.

EUMIDA Morn.
EUMIDA MACULOSA 2. Sp.
PL. IV, FIGS. 38-41.

Head (f. 38) convex, rounded in front, posterior emar-
gination distinct but not deep. Anterior antenne in
length about equal to the head, rather stout. Posterior

16 Annelida Cheetopoda

(unpaired), a little shorter, and more delicate than anterior.
Eyes posterior, lateral, circular, large, black. Of the
tentacular cirri those of the first and second pairs are
about half as long as the third; the third (anterior supe-
rior), reaches back to the 8th or 9th seg; the 4th about two-
thirds aslong asthe 3d. The first segment isa little longer
than the 2d, about equal to the 5th.

Dorsal cirri, on the anterior segments small, lanceolate
(f. 39), becoming broader and heart-shaped (f. 40), while
on the posterior segments they become again elongate,
pointed, but with basal two-thirds of uniform width.

Ventral cirri small, lanceolate, sometimes with one
straight and one convex side, reaching slightly beyond the
feet; somewhat longer ou posterior segments than on
anterior.

Anal cirri about the length of the last four segments,
arising from a stout basal article forming about one-third
their entire length. Terminal portion, subulate, acute.
The extended proboscis is about one-third as long as the
body. It increases regularly in diameter from its origin,
ending in a crown of papille. When highly magnified,
longitudinal rows of cylindrical papillee can be seen.

Color of the body, yellowish-white with numerous
minute gray spots; appendages white. Dorsal cirri tinged
with green.

On shells; 5 to 10 fathoms.

The specimen from which figs. 88, 89, and 40 were
made was 3.5™" long. Another specimen was 10™™ in
length; diameter, 1™". Number of segments, 65.

Fam. HESIONIDA.
PODARKE Filers.
PoDARKE opscuRA Verrill.
VerR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 589; pl. xii, fig. 61.
Six to twelve fathoms, on shells. Rare.

of the Virginian Coast. LT

Fam. SYLLID A.

SYLLIS (Sav.) Hhlers.
SYLLIS GRACILIS Grube.

GruBE. Actinien, Echinodermen und Wiirmer, p. 77.
CLAPAREDE. Glanures Zodtomiques parmiles Annélides de Port-Vendres,
p. 75, pl. v, f. 3.

CLAPAREDE. Annel. Chétopodes du G. de N., p. 503, pl. xv, f.3.
MARION ET BOBRETZKY: in Ann. des Sciences Naturelles, 6th series, vol.
xi, p. 28, pl. ii, f. 6. (1875.)

The specimens from Virginia agree perfectly with the de-
scriptions given by Grube and Claparede. As remarked
by Marion and Bobretzk, the figures of the furcate sete
given by Clpd. are very inaccurate. Those of M. and B.
are very good, and removed the last doubt as to the
identity of the Virginian specimens with S. gracilis Gr.
They are, however, smaller than even those described from
Port-Vendres, the largest specimen being only 11™ long.

In some specimens the furcate sete extend to the last
segment, to the complete exclusion of the compound sete ;
in others both furcate and compound sete occur on a vari-
able number of posterior segments, while on others again,
the compound sete entirely replace the furcate on a few
of the posterior segments.

Common on Oysters at low water, and on dredged
shells, from 4 to 12 fathoms.

SYLLIS FRAGILIS n. sp.
PL. IV, FIGS. 42, 43.

Head convex, anterior and posterior margins nearly
straight lines, passing into the rounded lateral margins.
Width double the length.

Eyes six. Anterior pair mere specks just outside the
bases of lateral antenne; middle pair at posterior third

18 Annelida Cheetopoda

of head, lateral, large; posterior pair a little smaller than
the middle, back of and within the latter, but almost
touching them; all dark red. Median antenna, arising
between median pair of eyes, is always very long, but
varies, being from 5 to 8 times the width of the body.
Lateral antenne about two-thirds as long as the median.
Superior tentacular cirrus as long as median antenna ;
inferior, length of lateral antenne.

Palpi, portion projecting beyond the head slightly longer
than the head. They are broad, flattened, inner two-thirds
of uniform width, outer third with external margin curved
inward, internal margin straight, end bluntly rounded.
They are free and diverge for their outer two-thirds,
united by a membrane along their posterior third.

The dorsal cirri arise from short stout basal articles
(or elevations of the body). Their length varies from
four to eight times the width of the body. There is a
strong tendency to alternation between the shorter and
longer cirri. Anal cirri two, as long as the last 6 or 8
segments taken together. The antenne, tentacular cirri,
dorsal cirri and anal cirri are alike in form and structure.
They are uniform in diameter from end to end, are not
composed of distinct articles but are wrinkled, and some-
times so regularly as to give the appearance of distinct
annulation. All are covered with short stiff hairs.

Ventral cirri arise about half-way out on feet. Anterior
not projecting beyond the feet,but the posterior often reach-
ing slightly beyond. They are delicate, conical.

The esophagus reaches to the 4th or Sthsegment. Ante-
rior end with a circle of small, flattened, triangular papillee ;
one stout conical tooth. The stomach is about the same
length as the cesophagus, reaching to the 9th or 10th seg-
ment. Back of the stomach, a pair of lateral glands.

The feet are uniramous, conical, bilabiate, in length
equal to the width of the body. The sete (f. 42) are

of the Virginian Coast. 19

numerous, arranged in a fan, the upper as long or a
little longer than the foot, each lower one becoming a
little shorter. All are long. There are one or two (f. 43)
acicule in each foot, which are straight, taper uniformly,
and end in a small enlargement (button). The last 6 or
8 segments taper slightly ; otherwise the body is of uni-
form width.

The general color of the dorsum is yellowish-white ;
feet and sides, white; ventral surface same as dorsal.
Between the segments runs a dirty or brownish-white
line, and there is a similar line between the bases of the
dorsal cirri on each segment. The ground color is inter-
rupted by numerous dark brown spots or specks, for the
most part arranged in transverse lines. These spots are
dark and very numerous on the dorsal and lateral surfaces
of the feet.

Sexual Forms.

The males and females of this species do not differ
much from each other or from the stem form. I did not
see many examples of either sexual form, and most of
these were mutilated. So far as I was able to determine,
the capillary (sexual) setz in the male begin on the 11th or
12th segment, and fail on the last 8. They were short, not
reaching beyond the feet. This part of the body was
slightly swollen ; color, pure white.

In the female, the capillary sete begin on the same
segment as in the male; they fail on the last 10 segments,
are very long, double the length of the feet and ordinary
setee taken together. The eggs are brown, and determine
the color of this part of the body. The anterior and pos-
terior segments have the usual color of the stem form.
On all sexual specimens, and on many that could not be
determined as such, there is a dark brown crescent at the
base of each foot (ventral surface).

20 Annelida Cheetopoda

Number of segments, in one specimen 88, in another 44.
Length, 4 to 5™.

ODONTOSYLLIS Claparéde.
ODONTOSYLLIS? FULGURANS Clpd.

CLAPAREDE. Glanures Zodtomiques, etc., p. 95, pl. viii, f. 1.
QUATREFAGES. Hist. des Ann., ii, p. 648.
Mar. Er Bopr: in Ann. des Sci. Nat., 6th series, vol. ii, p. 40, pl.iv, f. 11.

Tam in doubt as to this form; in many respects it agrees
perfectly with O. fulgurans, but in color, and in the structure
of the feet and ventral cirri, it agrees better with O. Du-
gesiana (Gilanures Zoot., p. 97, pl. 8, f. 2.)

On the whole, my specimens seem to confirm the sup-
position of Mar. and Bopr. (I. ¢. p. 41) that O. fulgurans and
O. Dugesiana are not distinct species.

Sexual forms: male not found; female, two specimens.
In one, the capillary setee begin on the 21st setigerous seg-
ment, and exist on 14 segments, followed by 28 segments
with compound sete only; some few of the posterior seg-
ments lacking. In the otherspecimen the sexual sete are
on 19 segments, beginning with the 21st; rest of body
lost. In both, the body back of the 20th segment was pure
white, swollen with eggs, as far as the sexual setee extended.
On one specimen, the dark crescents described under S.
fragilis were seen, in the other, not. In the second
female mentioned above, the eggs were very large, evi-
dently nearly mature, and the eyes on each side had
coalesced.

Found on shells, stones, etc., dredged from 6 to 12
fathoms.

Length of a sexual form, from 4 to 12™™.

Length of a nearly entire female, containing 64 seg-
ments, 12™™.

of the Virginian Coast. 21

SPH AROSYLLIS Clpd.
SPHZAROSYLLIS FORTUITA 7. Sp.

PL. IV. FIGS. 44448.

Head oval, slightly.convex, length to breadth as 1 to 2
(f. 44). Eyes four, large, oval; anterior pair at posterior
third of the head, lateral; posterior pair just within and
but little back of the anterior.

Antenne fusiform, equal, two-thirds as long as head
and palpi taken together. The unpaired antenna originates
between the posterior eyes; the lateral just in front of the
anterior eyes. The palpi are large, rounded externally,
bluntly rounded in front, united along their inner two-
thirds, outer third free, but not diverging. There is a
wide and deep depression between the palpi, extending
from the head to the free portion.

First segment narrow, but perfectly distinct from the
head.

Tentacular cirri similar in all respects to the antenne.

Dorsal cirri, a trifle shorter than the antenne, and not
quite so much enlarged at base, especially on the posterior
segments.

The anal cirri are double the length of the dorsal cirri,
constricted at base; their diameter increases slightly along
their inner half, when they are somewhat suddenly con-
stricted, the outer half having about one-half the greatest
diameter of the basal half (f. 45).

Ventral cirri, arise from base of feet, delicate, cylindrical,
in front as long as the feet, longer behind and turned back-
ward on a few of the posterior segments.

Feet very stout, cylindrical, bilabiate. The csophagus
reaches to the middle of the 5th segment. The stomach
barely reaches into the 7th. The cesophagus has a cov-

4

22 Annelida Chetopoda

ering of pigment, interrupted by a narrow clear band in
the anterior part of the 4th segment.

Body convex above, segmentation well marked. A few
of the anterior segments taper slightly. The body attains
its greatest width at the 7th segment, remaining unchanged
to the last 8 segments, whence it tapers quite rapidly.
Anal segment narrow, without appendages save the anal
cirri.

Small fusiform papille are scattered irregularly between
the feet, and at their bases, much more numerously in the
middle of the body than at either end.

Setee, very short and of three kinds, two of which are
compound. One form has a stout basal article (f. 47), a
little longer than the appendix; there are 8 to 5 of these in
each bundle. The second form (f. 46), longer than the first,
has the appendix ~longate, delicate, a little longer than the
stem, one or two to each foot; in both, the edge of the ap-
pendix is beset with short, stiff hairs. Of the simple sete
(f..48) there is usually but one, sometimes two to each foot.

Length, 3. 5"; greatest diameter, 0.25™. Number of
segments, 33.

A single specimen; not recognized when collected, but
found afterwards in perfect condition in a lot of Pzapo-
PHYLAX.

In many respects this species is similar to S. pirifera
Clpd. (Ann. de Naples, p. 515, pl. xiv, f. 2), but differs
from it in the shape of the head, in the free terminal part
of the palpi, in the position of the eyes, and in the form of
the antenne and cirri.

I have referred this species to SPH#ROSYLLIS, though
somewhat in doubt as to whether the name can be retained
for it. Claparéde’s original diagnosis of the genus was
defective and his figures misleading. Ehlers would seem
to have been perfectly justified in ascribing to the genus five

of the Virginian Coast. 23

antenne, no tentacular cirri, first segment with same ap-
pendages as the second : and in referring to the genus thus
limited his new species S. Claparédii (Die Borstenwiirmer,
p. 252, pl. ix, figs. 10-13). Claparéde afterwards corrected
his generic diagnosis, and gave a new figure of his type
species S. hysirix (Gilanures, p. 85, pl. 6, f. 1), but this
was subsequent to the publication of Ehlers’ work. In
any case, if S. hystrix is to remain the type of the genus
SPH#ROSYLLIS, then S. Claparédii Ehlers, must be the type
of a new genus.

PADOPHYLAX Clpd.
Annelides Chétopodes du Golfe de Naples p. 520.

Claparéde draws one of his generic characteristics from
the position of the eyes, assigning one pair to the buccal seg-
ment. This is not the case with the following species. I.
fact, it is not true even of P. veruger Clp., in which they
are found in the depression between the head and buccal
segment.

PDOPHYLAX DISPAR nN. Sp.
PL. IV, FIG. 49. PL. V, FIGS. 50-55.

Head (f. 49) convex, rounded in front and at the sides,
posterior margin nearly straight, length to breadth as 1:2.
Eyes four, large, circular, lateral. Posterior pair a trifle
smaller than the anterior, a little within, almost in contact
with them, very near the posterior margin of the head.
Palpi: length of projecting portion nearly double the
length of the head, convex, rounded laterally, diminishing
forward, front bluntly rounded and slightly emarginate ;
above, the palpi are separated by a slightly impressed line;
below, by a depression which widens and deepens behind.
Antenne: median, arising near posterior margin of
head, reaches nearly to the end of the palpi, fusiform;

24 Annelida Cheetopoda

lateral, arise just within anterior eyes, minute, mere
papille, fusiform. Tentacular cirri, similar in all respects
to lateral antenne.

Dorsal and ventral cirri a little larger than the lateral
antenne; otherwise, the same.

Anal cirri two, slightly constricted at base; for the rest,
subulate, in length about equal to last three segments, or to
middle antenna. On one specimen there were three anal
cirri, all of the same length.

Feet fleshy, swollen, in length about one-third the width
of the body, a little longer than the dorsal cirri, bilabiate.

Sete: on the anterior segments three or four with very
short curved appendix (f. 51); one with capillary appendix
(f. 52); one simple seta, slightly curved near the end (f. 54).
On the posterior segments two or three of the first kind,
one of the third, and one similar to the third, but more
curved (f. 55).

Body of nearly uniform width in the anterior half; pos-
terior half, tapering gradually, the last segment being about
one-third the width of the middle segment. Number of
segments, from 20 to 40. Length, 2to 4”; diameter, 0.25
to 0.5™.

Color: either colorless, or white with a slight reddish
tinge. Usually thereis a white line between the segments.

(isophagus, extends to the middle of the 5th segment.

Stomach white, extending to the middle of the 8th seg-
ment.

Common on shells, stones, ete. Dredged, 4 to 10
fathoms.

AUTOLYTUS (Grube) Marenzeller.
Ehlers (Borstenwiirmer) gives as a leading characteristic
of AuToLytus and Procera@a the failure of palpi. Clapa-
réde (Glanures) says of AuToLytus, ‘“ Palpi (lobes frontaux)

of the Virginian Coast. 25

not projecting ; ” and in his Ann. du G. de NV. adopts Ehlers’
diagnosis of Procer#a. Marion and Bobr. (Ann. des Sci.
Nat., Series vi, vol. 2) assign palpi to their Autolytus (Pro-
cerea) ornatus. They regard Procer#a as a subgenus of
AUTOLYTUS.

Finally, Marenzeller (zur Kentniss der adriatischen Anel.
aus dem Ixxii Bande der Sitzb. der K. Akad. der Wissensch.)
states that Procerea picta Ehlers (type of the genus) has
palpi, as well as two species described by himself (P. luxu-
rians Mar., P. macrophthalma Mar.). He accordingly cor-
rects (I. c. p. 87) Ehlers’ diagnosis of the genus, and adds
that the same is true for AutoLytus. The following spe-
cies will be seen to bear out this conclusion.

AUTOLYTUS HESPERIDUM Claparéde.
Cipp. Annel. Chétopodes du G. de N., p. 526, pl. xiv, fig. 1.

My specimens agree with A. hesperidum Clpd. in every
particular, save that they certainly possess projecting palpi.
These form a thin rim, projecting a variable distance
beyond the head, plainly divided below, separated above
only by a shallow depression. The head proper is trans-
versely oval, thicker and more convex than the projecting
part. The outline of head and palpi together is exactly
that given by Claparéde. In the position of the central
antenna given in his figure, the line between the palpi is
of course concealed. This is often the case both in living
and in alcoholic specimens. In fact, I examined a number
of specimens without observing the palpi. When I did
see them, I supposed that my previous identification was
incorrect. It was, however, impossible to make a descrip-
tion, by which my specimens could be distinguished from
A. hesperidum. I had not at that time seen the observations
of M. and B., and of Marenzeller, cited above, by which
my views havebeen confirmed. Ican not find that A. hespe-

26 Annelida Cheetopoda

ridum has been examined by any one since it was described
by Claparéde. The extent of the projecting portion of the
palpi is somewhat variable, but if in Claparéde’s figure
(pl. 14, fig. 1), a curved line be drawn, passing just in front
of the origin of the lateral antenne, terminating on either
side opposite the anterior (minute) eye on that side, the
usual condition will be represented. Add, that though
the antenne often are as given by Claparéde, in some spe-
cimens, the central antenna is longer than the lateral, some-
times as long as the first dorsal cirrus; also, that while
both kinds of anal cirri (Clpd. 1. ¢., pl. 14, f. 1 4) occur, I
have never seen both on the same specimen.

Sexual Forms.

Female differs from the stem form in the following
points: the head is very short, length to breadth as 1 to 23 ;
middle third of anterior margin curving sharply back-
ward, the antero-lateral portions appearing as rounded
projecting lobes.

Antenne, both median and lateral, arise from the an-
terior margin of the head ; they are equal in length, being
much shorter than those of the stem form.

Anterior eyes very large, posterior pair a little within
the anterior, but nearly touching them. The anterior
minute eye-specks of the stem form not seen.

The tentacular cirri, and dorsal cirri of the first segment,
bear the same relation to the antenne as in the stem form.

The capillary sete are very long, beginning on the 4th,
5th, or 6th segment; not found on the last4to 7. Feet
much swollen at base.

Eggs, very large, generally crowded, and then irregu-
larly polygonal, otherwise spherical, their diameter about
one-half the width of the body; of a dark purple color,
with an eccentric clear nucleus.

Color of the body determined by the eggs, wherever
they exist; elsewhere the same as in the stem form.

of the Virginian Coast. 27

Number of segments, from 24 to 80. Length, 3 to 4™™.
Greatest diameter, 1™™.

Specimens of the mature female occurred through July
and August. They are quite delicate, and were very
uneasy, swimming about constantly and rapidly, with a
quick, undulatory motion. All the features mentioned
above seem to originate after separation has taken place.
I often found the stem form with eggs giving the charac-
teristic purple color in the posterior segments, and with
the separation carried so far that the slightest touch served
to complete it, but in only one case did I find antenne or
tentacular cirri formed, or the peculiar outline of the head
indicated, before separation. In this one specimen the
antenns and tentacular cirri were mere buds, the first
segment was without feet; but the eyes and capillary sete
had not appeared.

Male. No adult male was found. The posterior seg-
ments of the stem often contained very fine granular mat-
ter, which I believe was the male element; it gave a very
bright orange color to the segments in which it was found.
No other change had taken place in these segments, though
the division was often nearly complete, as mentioned above
in the case of the female.

This species was common on shells, ete. Dredged, 4 to
12 fathoms.

ProcerZa (Hhlers) Marenzeller.

EHLERS. Borstenwirmer, p. 256.
MARENZELLER. Zur Kentniss der adriatischen Anneliden, zweiter Bei-
trag, p. 37.
For remarks on this genus see under AUTOLYTUS.

PROCERZHA TARDIGRADA 2. Sp.

Head, quite thick, transversely oval, convex ; head and
palpi together nearly circular; palpi much the same as

28 Annelida Chetopoda

in Autolyius hesperidum ; very thin, and the dividing line
above not well marked, but existing.

Eyes small, circular, umber-brown, on the posterior
part of the head, four in number ; the anterior pair lateral,
the posterior pair just within the anterior, very near the
posterior margin of the head, smaller than the anterior.

Antenne: the median arises between the anterior eyes,
and when turned backward, reaches to the 8th segment; the
lateral arise just in front of the anterior eyes, and are from
one-third to one-half as long as the median.

Tentacular cirri: the superior about as long as the
lateral antenne; inferior one-half as long.

First dorsal cirrus, nearly as long as median antenna.
Second dorsal cirrus, one-half as long as first.

The antenne and tentacular cirri habitually coiled in a
flat or a conical spiral. Antenne, all superior cirri, and
anterior margin of palpi, with numerous short, stiff hairs.

Dorsal cirri, a little less than width of body in length.

Anal cirri, two in number, a little longer than the longest
dorsal cirri. The antenne and all the cirri are irregularly
wrinkled, and have nearly the same diameter from end to
end.

The proboscis terminates in rounded fleshy lobes; the
cesophagus, in a circle of flattened triangular papille. It
extends to the 8th segment, doubling twice on itself just
before entering the stomach. The stomach occupies from
three to four segments.

Feet large, fleshy, cylindrical, bilabiate, anterior lobe
slightly longer than posterior ; incision between the lobes
very shallow. They originate along the line of union of
the lateral and ventral surfaces, and are directed downward.

Sete arranged in a single series, and directed downward
and backward; on the anterior segments about twelve to
each foot, decreasing in number backward, till on the last
segments there are only three or four. Body very convex

of the Virginian Coast. 29

above, flat below; width of the first fourteen segments
uniform, after the 14th decreasing gradually to-the minute
terminal one.

The Ist, 2d and 3d segments are short; 4th and 5th
equal in length and width; 6th to 14th, inclusive, length
double the width; after the 14th, they become gradually
shorter, the last ones being very short and crowded.

Color: general color of body yellowish-white. Anten-
ne, front of head and all cirri, white. Posterior part of
head and first segment (in one case the second also), dark
brownish-red. Between the eyes there is a narrow band,
extending back to the middle of the first segment, of a
darker shade than that of the head generally ; and from
the posterior eyes, on each side a similar line runs back to
the third segment. Bands of the same color as the head
cross the posterior part of the following segments (extend-
ing to the ventral surface, but not crossing it), viz: from
the 3d to the 11th inclusive, 14th, 17th, 20th, and on every
fourth segment after the 20th, except that the last three
_ are on consecutive segments, and not well marked. On
the anterior part of the body the width of these bands is
about one-half the length of the 4th segment. As the seg-
ments shorten, after the 14th, this band also grows narrow.
The lower surface of the base of the dorsal cirri, after the
7th, has a spot of the same color.

The movements of this species are peculiarly slow, the
direction of its feet and setze are such that it seems to walk
on the tips of its sete.

Length of specimen described, 11™; greatest diameter,
yen.

Number of segments, 80.

Length of head and first 14 segments, 5™™.

On one specimen (lost before the examination wag
finished) a new head was forming back of the 14th segment.

5

30 Annelida Cheetopoda

Short antenne had appeared, the lateral being bifurcate
at outer third. The dorsal cirrus of the next segment had
doubled its length.

On another specimen, there was a sudden falling off in
width back of the 14th segment, while two other speci-
mens had lost all save the first fourteen segments. It
would seem that the separation of the sexual from the stem
form takes place between the 14th and 15th segments.

Dredged: 4 to 12 fathoms; on shells, ete.

PROCERZA? CE@RULEA 2. Sp.

The following notes were made upon two specimens,
taken in August, both females, badly injured, and lost by
accident before the examination was completed. They
belong either to Procerma or AvrToLytus ; their. mutilated
condition did not admit of a positive generic reference.

Body, strongly convex above, flat below.

Eyes four; the anterior pair very large; the lateral,
convex, nearly terminal; the posterior eyes, smaller, dorsal.

Antenne: median very long, arising back of anterior
eyes; lateral, half as long as median, arising just in front,
and a little outside of, anterior eyes.

Tentacular cirri and dorsal cirri of first and second seg-
ments, too badly injured to admit of description. Dorsal
cirri quite long, reaching to end of the capillary sete.

Feet same asin P. tardigrada; first six with a fan of
short, dark colored sete; capillary sete from the 7th tothe
21st segments inclusive, followed by a few segments with-
out them.

Color: dark blue both above and below, with perfectly
black transverse bands, not crossing the ventral surface.
Base of feet dark brown. Body filled with large eggs.

Found with P. tardigrada. Dredged: 4 to 12 fathoms;
on shells, etc.

of the Virginian Coast. 31

Fam. NEREID Ai.
NEREIS (Z.) Cue.

PL. V, FIGS. 56-64. PL. VI, FIGS. 65-69.

NEREIS IRRITABILIS 2. Sp.

Body of nearly uniform size throughout the anterior
three-fourths; posterior fourth tapering slightly. Number
of segments over 200.

Head (f. 56) convex, broadest between the anterior eyes,
where the breadth nearly equals the length, decreasing
slightly behind, rapidly in front.

Hyes, circular, small, lateral; front pair placed at pos-
terior third ; posterior pair near the back of the head, half
the diameter of the front pair.

Antenne, arising close to each other, delicate; length
a little more than half the length of the head.

Palpi, about as long as the head, diverging rapidly, ex-
tending a little beyond the antenne ; basal portion stout ;
terminal article slender, elongate.

First segment, as long as the following segments, arching
forward, so as to encroach slightly on the head.

Tentacular cirri, 4th reaching to 5th segment; 2d one-
third to one-half as Jong as 4th; 1st and 3d, a little shorter
~ than 2d, equal. .

Feet (figs. 58-62), on the anterior part of the body, com-
pact. Superior lingula stout at base, conical, reaching a
trifle beyond the upper ramus. The upper lip of the
superior ramus is a mere papilla on the anterior basal por-
tion of the lower lip. The lower lip has the same form as
the upper lingula, but is a little shorter, and not quite so
large at base. The lower ramus is a little shorter than
the upper, is divided by a shallow incision into anterior
and posterior lips, of which the anterior is slightly the
longer, and is further divided at the end into two rounded

32 Annelida Cheetopoda

lobes, upper and lower. Lower lingula, similar to upper,
but shorter; after the first few segments projecting a little
beyond the lower ramus.

Dorsal cirri, delicate, conical, not quite reaching the end
of the upper lingula.

Ventral cirri, similar to dorsal cirri, but shorter; they
arise below (within) the base of the lower lingula from a
slight elevation, and reach about to the middle of the lower
lingula. Further back the upper lip of the dorsal ramus
becomes smaller and finally disappears. The posterior lip
of the ventral ramus also disappears, and the terminal
division of the anterior lip into lobes becomes less marked.
The ventral cirri shorten and recede from the lower lingula,
while the feet have their basal portion much elongated.

Sete, all of one kind on the anterior feet (f. 63). Ap-
pendix slender, acute, edge beset with numerous short
hairs. Terminal points of stem in the same plane (Aretes
homogomphes Clpd.). They are arranged in three bundles,
one in the dorsal ramus, two in the ventral. Ventral setz
very numerous and crowded. Falcate sete (f. 64) occur
first between the 30th and 40th segments; at first in the
lower bundle, few in number; becoming more numerous,
they occur also in the upper bundle of the lower ramus,
bnt never entirely replace the first form, and disappear
again in the posterior segments.

Proboscis (f. 57) about twice the length of the head.

Paragnathi, i, fail; ii, 6 to 10 in small bunches; iii, 2
or 8 irregular transverse rows; iv, 10 to 12 in bunches.
All black, small, conical, the inferior (iii), smallest; v, vi,
Vil, viii, fail.

Jaws, usually light horn color, with dark brown or black
edges and tips; curved, twisted externally; denticles
small, number variable. In the dorsal ramus there is

of the Virginian Coast. 33

always one black acicula; in the ventral usually but one,
sometimes two or three.

Every specimen found had lost the anal segment.

Dug at low water; mud and sandy mud.

Female. In the adult female the first 33 sezments corres-
pond to those described above. The only change consists
in a slight enlargement of the eyes. Changes beginning
with the 34th segment, and completed at the 40th are as
follows (f. 65). At the base of the dorsal cirrus a small
membranous plate appears. The lingule, and the lower
lip of the dorsal ramus, become flattened lanceolate. In
the lower ramus the two lobes of the anterior lip are en-
larged and flattened, and an additional circular membra-
nous plate appears. At the base of the ventral cirrus a
small membranous plate is developed above, and a much
larger one below.

At about the 100th segment, a change to the normal
form begins. The dorsal cirrus, upper lingula, and dorsal
ramus are first affected, next the lower ramus, and last of
all the ventral cirrus. This change is nearly as well
marked and sudden as in the anterior part.

Sete: in the changed feet, the ordinary sete are nearly
replaced by cultrate setze (f. 66), a few, however, remaining
in the lower ramus.

Anal segment elongate, striate above.

Anal cirri filiform, in length equal to the last eight seg-
ments.

Number of segments, 170 to 220.

Length, 60 to 80"; greatest breadth, including feet, 5"™™.

Color: anterior segments pearl-gray ; middle segments
blue; base of feet green ; posterior third of body gleaming,
brassy.

Taken while swimming on the surface from Aug. 1 to
Aug. 12. During this time 15 females were taken and

34 Annelida Cheetopoda

115 males; they were simply dipped up with a scoop-net,
indiscriminately, no attempt being made to collect one
form rather than the other.

Immature Female. Some specimens dug at low water,
July 21, had their bodies well filled with eggs, but were
otherwise unchanged, save that the bases of the feet were
swollen and elongated.

Color: above pearl-gray, beneath, darker, in some cases
light purple. Feet white.

Adult Male. Taken with female. Specimens very
numerous, as noted above. The 5th, 6th and 7th dorsal
cirri are lovger and larger than the others. This is par-
ticularly the case with the 7th (f. 68). The 8th cirrus is
normal (f. 69).

Change in structure of feet begins on the 34th segment.
The development of the membranous plates is better
marked in the male than in the female. Those at the
bases of the cirri are much larger, and the circular plate
on the lower ramus is very large (f. 67).

Color: anterior segments pearl-gray. After the 33d
segment, body and base of feet above and below, red; tips
of feet white. On each side of the body, both above and
below, a narrow white line. Extreme posterior segments
sometimes green, sometimes brassy, gleaming; anal seg-
ment with a crown of close set papille.

Nereis DumeriILiit Aud. and M. Ed.

Aup. and M. Ep. Ann. des Sci. Nat., vol. xxix, 1833, p. 218, pl. xiii, figs.
9-12.
(For full description, synonomy, and figures see Ehlers, Borstenwiirmer,
p. 535 ; also Claparéde, Appendix Ann. Chét. du G. de N., p. 44.)
Three specimens were found, all more or less injured,

but certainly belonging to this species. Dredged.

of the Virginian Coast. 35

NEREIS VIRENS Sars.

Nereis virens Sars. Beskrivelser og iakttagelser, etc., p. 58, pl. x, f. 27.
vi «“ Euuers. Borstenwiirmer, p. 559, pl. xxii, figs. 29-82.
Ss ‘* VERRILL. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, p. 590, pl. xi, figs. 47-50.
Nereis grandis Strmp. Invert. of Grand Manan, p. 34, f. 24.
Nereis yankiana Quat. Hist. des Annelés, vol. i, p. 583, pl. xvii, figs. 7-8.
Alitta virens Knpe. Annulata Nova, p. 112.
if “ — Marn. Nord. Hafs-Ann., p. 183.— Annulata Polycheta, p. 172,

pl. iv, f. 19.
One specimen only was collected.

Nereis Limpata Ehlers.
PL. VI, FIGS. 70-75.

ExLERS. Borstenwiirmer, p. 567.
VERRILL. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 590, pl. xi, f. 51; also p. 318.

My specimens, in most particulars, agree perfectly with
Ehlers’ description, but there are some not unimportant
differences. Ehlers states that the dorsal cirri do not
extend beyond the lingule. This is the case with my
specimens until the lingula is enlarged and flattened.
Again Ehlers states that the dorsal cirrus, borne by the
lingula, is never terminal. I find that on a few of the
posterior segments it is terminal (figs. 70-71). I have re-
ceived from Prof. Verrill specimens referred by him to
Ehlers’ species which agree perfectly with mine. Verrill
(I. c. p. 318) says of the females that “the middle region
does not become different from the anterior, as in the
male.” Up to the time of the reception of the above
specimens of adult males, it was my belief that the sexual
forms were alike, and that no great change occurred in
either. In fact, the changes in the adult male are as well
marked as in any species observed by me. Certain changes
also occur in the females. ‘he eyes are enlarged so as
nearly to touch each other. On the 18th setigerous
segment small membranous plates appear at the base of

36 Annelida Cheetopoda

the ventral cirrus, and a similar somewhat larger plate on
the lower ramus (f. 73). On the segments thus changed
the cultrate (sexual) setee nearly replace all other forms.
In males, with feet changed to the same extent, there
were no cultrate sete. In both male and female, the anal
seoment is crenulated, and shorter than in the asexual
form (f. 71). In both, the feet were much swollen at base.
It would not be safe to assume that the changes in the
female stop at the point indicated above; for although
they seemed to be adult, yet so did the males, and yet
Prof. Verrill has shown that the changes in the adult
male are much greater than appeared probable from the
condition of my specimens. The change in the anal
segment occurs first. Many specimens, in which the
sexual elements were perfectly distinct, were unmodified,
save in the anal segment.

Low water, mud and sandy mud: often in very soft
mud, brackish water, being the only annelid that I found
living under such conditions. This last station was very
near high water mark.

Fam. EUNICID4.
DIOPATRA Aud. and M. Ed.

DIoPATRA CUPREA Clpd.

Nereis cuprea Bosc. Hist. Nat. des Vers, vol. i, p. 143.
Eunice cuprea QUATR. Hist. Nat. des Annelés, vol. i, p. 331.
Diopatra cuprea CLpp. Annel. Chétopodes du G. de N., p. 482.
KS « —VerR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, p. 598, pl. xiii, figs. 67, 68.

I have never seen Bose’s work. The synonomy given
above rests on the authority of Claparede.
Common, especially near high water mark.
MARPHYSA Quat.
MARPHYSA SANGUINEA Qual.
PL. VI, FIGS. 76-80. PL. VII, FIGS. 81-83.
Nereis sanguinea Montaau. Linn. Trans., xi, p. 20, pl. iii, f. 1.

; of the Virginian Coast. 37

Leodice opalina Sav. Syst. des Ann., p, 51.
Nereidonta sanguinea Buy. Dict. Sci. Nat.
Hunice sanguinea Aup. & Ep. Ann. Littoral de la France, p. 147.
so GRUBE. Fam. der Annel., pp. 44, 1238.
8 G: Die Insel Lussin.
7 os i St. Malo and Roscoff.
Lerpy. Mar. Invert. Fauna R. I. and N. J., p. 15.
<< « JOHNSTON. Cat. of Worms, p. 134,
Marphysa sanguinea QuATR. Hist. Nat. des Ann. vol. i, p. 332, pl. x, f. 1.
° és EHLERS. Borstenwiirmer, p. 360, pl. xvi, figs. 8-11.
Barrp. Linn. Proc. Zodlogy, vol. x, p. 852.
Mar. & Bopr. Ann. des Sci. Nat., vol. ii, p. 12. 1875.
“ Leidit QuatR. Hist. Nat. des Ann., vol. i, p. 337.
i Leidyi VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, pp. 319, 593, pl. xii, f. 64.

“cc ce

tas 6é

Prof. Leidy first reported this species from our coast. I
have no doubt as to the accuracy of his identification.
Quatrefages changed the 16 of Leidy’s description into 60,
in translation, and gave to this new (hypothetical) form a
new name, M. Leidii. This mistake seems to have passed
unnoticed. In regard to Leidy’s statement that the bran-
chie begin on the 16th segment, itis probable that he ex-
amined only small specimens in coming to this conclusion.
It will be seen below that the branchise may begin on any
segment from the 10th to the 28d.

Young Stages: This species abounded in individuals in
all stages of growth from 2.5" to over 20 centimetres in
length. The gradation was perfect, and the results seem
interesting.

(a.) Youngest form taken: two specimens, 18 and 22
setigerous segments. No antenne; no branchiae ; no in-
dication of division of the head into lobes (palpi) above or
below.

Eyes five, situated as in f. 81. These specimens agree
with this figure in every particular, except the slight emar-
gination of the head, and in the presence of an antenna.

The feet are fleshy rounded lobes; the dorsal cirri blunt,

6

38 Annelida Cheetopoda

finger shaped, extending a little beyond the feet. Ventral
cirri swollen at base, outer third suddenly attenuated.

Sete, in two bundles. Upper bundle made up of two or
three compound sete, appendix short, bidentate (f. 76),
and one simple seta (f. 77), long, acute, with a narrow bor-
der; one straight black acicula (f. 79). Lower bundle,
two or three of the compound bidentate sete; one com-
pound seta (f. 78), with a long, narrow, acute appendix;
one bidentate acicula (f. 80).

(b.) In the next stage there is a slight depression of the
anterior margin of the head, one antenna, as in f. 81; the
bidentate sete have disappeared from two or three of the
anterior segments, the other forms (figs. 77, 78) are more
numerous. In other respects same as (a). Length, 2.5-4™.

(c.) As a next step, the anterior emargination becomes a
little deeper, and a shallow median depression extending
back a short distance, above and below (f. 81), indicates
more clearly than before the future division of the head
into palpi. Simple finger-shaped branchiz appear on the
10th setigerous segment. On a specimen with 86 setigerous
segments there are 13 pairs of branchie; of these the first
two, and the last three, are shorter than the others.

Length, 4™.

(d.) In the next form, there are three antenne. In one
specimen the lateral antenne are mere buds (f. 82). Eyes
four totwo. The median eye disappears first, next one or
both of the anterior eye specks, so that on specimens other-
wise the same there may be two, three, or four eyes. The
division of the head into palpi becomes better marked. The
shape of the feet becomes somewhat changed; the bidentate
sete gradually disappear from the anterior segments, un-
til on the largest of the series they are found only on the
posterior third; a second straight acicula is added to the
upper bundle of set, and a second bidentate acicula to

of the Virginian Coast. 39

the lower bundle. The branchiz are simple, and begin
from the 10th to the 13th setigerous segment. Length, 9".
Number of segments, 75.

(e.) We have next five antenne, the external in some cases
being minute papille, in others having attained their
normal (relative) length. On small specimens the division
of the head into palpi is not complete. Branchie begin
on any segment, from the 10th to the 23d, according to the
size of the specimen. LHyes, always two.

On specimens from 10 to 20" in length, having more
than 10 and less than 17 non-branchiated anterior seg-
ments, the branchie are usually bifurcate.

The jaws of the youngest forms correspond perfectly
with those of adults, save that the support (Trager) is
relatively longer, and with a narrower posterior margin.
In this, as in all other respects, a complete gradation can
be established.— My figures of jaws all show four teeth
on the large denticulated. jaw pieces (Zahne, Ehlers), as
described by Quatrefages, instead of three, given by
Ehlers.

The comb-like sete of the adult are not found on the
youngest forms. [ have never seen them on specimens
with less than three antennex, nor on those without bran-
chie. .

The forms under (c) will be seen to correspond very
closely to Nematoneries oculata Ehlers (Borstenwiirmer, p.
874, pl. 16, figs. 19-22), while (d) is very close to AMPHIRO
Knog. (Annulata Nova Ofvers af K. Vet-Akad Forh., 1864
p- 565; also Fregatien Hugenien’s Resa, pl. xvii, f. 26).
Kinberg says in his generic diagnosis: ‘*‘ Branchize pect-
iniformes vel subpectiniformes,” and for the most part
(d) has simple branchiz, but ou one specimen the branchie
were found divided, the second division being represented
by a small but perfectly distinct papilla. Possibly, then,

40 Annelida Cheetopoda

AMPHIRO may be a young form of Marpuysa or of some
related geuus.

DRILONEREIS (Clpd.). Char. emend.

Feet uniramous, sete simple, no ventral or dorsal cirri;
lower jaw pieces present, absent, or rudimentary. Upper
jaw, on each side, four pieces similar to those on the
opposite side, in addition to the support.

Claparéde (I. ¢.) gives as a characteristic of his genus
Dritonerels: “Labrum nullum.” The following species
seems to belong to this genus, but it may have two pieces
in its lower jaw, or one with the rudiment of the other;
or one alone, or finally none at all.

DRILONERIS LONGA . Sp.
PL. VII, FIGS. 84-88.

Head, in the living animal, variable in dimensions;
conical, round above, flattened below, bluntly rounded in
front.

First two segments equal in length; no appendages.

Feet, on first 30-40 segments, consist of a low rounded
elevation, from the summit of which project a few simple,
bordered sete, and one stout acicula. Next appears a
minute papilla projecting from the lower back part of the
foot; it gradually becomes longer, and extends beyond the
foot (f. 84). Meantime the foot itself becomes longer and
cylindrical. The posterior lip, which, when it first appears,
is about at the outer third of the foot, moves outward, and «
becomes terminal. Next a papilla appears on the anterior
margin of the foot, which gradually elongates and becomes
in every respect similar to the posterior lip. These two
lips diverge from each other, and between them is the
rounded end of the foot from which the sete project (f. 86).
These changes take place very gradually, the feet repre-

of the Virginian Coast. 4]

sented in f. 86, being found only on the posterior third of
the body.

Jaws (f. 88). The elongated pieces of the support are
not attached in front to a polygonal piece as in D. filum
Clpd., but coalesce. The posterior pair of maxillary pieces
are denticulated at base, but the number of teeth varies
from one to five. The part of this piece behind the teeth
is very variable in width; it may be nearly double the
width shown in figure, and shorter.. The second pair of
jaw pieces have a peculiar form. Outer margin nearly
straight, except in front, where it suddenly curves out-
ward. The first tooth is long, the second quite short, the
others of varying length as shown in the figure. The
paragnathi or anterior small pieces, are of the same form,
the anterior pair a little smaller than the posterior; each
consists of a single sharp curved tooth, with two strong
curved supporting branches at base.

The lower jaw pieces are extremely variable, both as to
form and number; usually their length is about double
their greatest width, but their greatest width may be in
any part; the opposite pieces are never alike, often one is
very minute; sometimes there is but one, sometimes none.

Body: general appearance same as LUMBRICONEREIS.
Often a few of the posterior segments have no appendages.
Anal cirri four, short. Length variable. One not par-
ticularly long specimen had 600 segments, with a length
of 23°*> diameter 0, 67”.

Abundant at low water; mud and sandy mud.

LUMBRICONEREIS (B1.) Ehlers,
LUMBRICONEREIS TENUIS Verrill.

Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 594, and p. 342.
Sea Beach. Hog Island.

42 Annelida Cheetopoda

ARABELLA (@rube) Ehlers.

EHLERS. Borstenwiirmer, p. 398.

ARABELLA OPALINA Verrill.
Lumbriconereis splendida Lerpy. Mar. Inv. Fauna R. I. and N.J.,p. 10.
xe opalina VERRILL. Invert. An. of Vin. Sound, etc., p. 594,
pl. xiii, figs. 69, 70; also p. 342.
Very common at low water; also dredged frequently.
I have received from Prof. Verrill advance sheets of a
check list of Marine Invertebrata of New England, in
which the generic position of this species is rectified as
above.

STAUROCEPHALUS (Grube) Ehlers.

STAUROCEPHALUS PALLIDUS Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 595 and p. 348.

Through the kindness of Prof. Verrill, I have been
able to compare my specimens with those found by him
in the Sound near New Haven. This species is rare in
Virginia. I found only five during the entire season.
They differ from the Sound specimens only in being nar-
rower; specimens nearly as long as the type forms not
being more than 1™™ in diameter. The length (50™™) given
by Verrill (1. ¢. p. 596) is not correct. In alcohol the
longest of the two original specimens, has a length of 15™™.
The antenne are longer than the head ; composed, when
perfect, of 12 articles. The palpi (lateral or anterior an-
tenn) have a stout cylindrical basal part, forming about
three-fourths of their entire length, and a terminal fusi-
form article, separated from the basal part by a deep con-
striction; they are shorter than the antenne, but longer
than the head. The head is somewhat elongated, more
so than in the following species. Eyes small, orange-yel-
low, the front pair largest. In living specimens the con-
striction between the basal and terminal parts of the dorsal

of the Virginian Coast. 43

cirri is very indistinct; in alcoholic specimens it is suf-
ficiently well marked.

The ventral cirri arise at the outer third of foot; at
first not extending beyond the foot, but further back,
becoming longer, they reach a little beyond the foot.

The upper anal cirri are filiform, composed of 6-8 slender
elongated articles. Their length is about that of the last
six segments.

The lower cirri are cylindrical, and of the length of the
basal article of upper cirri.

The color of my specimens was a uniform yellowish-
white. Feet white.

Length, 14"; diameter, 1™™.

Found on shells, etc. Dredged, 4-12 fathoms.

STAUROCEPHALUS SOCIABILIS 7. Sp.

PL. VII, FIGS. 89, 90, 91.

Head short, the width less than that of the first seg-
ment, convex above and below, bluntly rounded in front.

Palpi large, stout, concave below, convex above, mar-
gins crenulated ; origin visible from below. Externally
they taper slightly, and are longer than the head.

Antenne, longer than palpi, diameter at base about half
that of palpi, subulate, composed of 6-10 articles which
are quite variable in form. On the inner half the line of
division between the articles is indistinct; outer half, dis-
tinct. The terminal article is elongate, fusiform.

Eyes circular, dark red, anterior pair very large,
situated between the bases of the palpi and antenne ; pos-
terior pair small, just behind and within the bases of the
antenne.

Feet cylindrical, divided at end into upper and lower
lips; upper lip further divided into anterior and posterior
lobes, all three terminations somewhat flattened, trian-

44 Annelida Cheetopoda

gular; lower lip slightly largest. In the posterior half of
the re the length of the feet equals the width a the
segments ; not quite so long in front.

Dorsal cirri, longer than feet: none on first setigerous
segment; first shorter than second. Base cylindrical;
appendix conical or fusiform, tapers rapidly to a pointed
extremity, forms about one-third the entire length of
cirrus. Constriction between the base and the terminal
article very deep. Blood vessels and seta very apparent
in the cirrus.

Ventral cirri, arising at middle line of the foot, do not
reach quite to the end of the foot.

Anal cirri: upper made up of four articles, subulate ;
lower, one article, similar in all respects to basal article of
upper cirri.

Body, widest at anterior third, diminishing slightly in
front, and more rapidly behind. Convex above, flat below ;
segmentation well marked.

Sete: the terminal article of the compound sete is
much shorter and stouter than in S. pallidus Verr.; fig. 90
represents a form occasionally seen in the anterior feet.
Simple sete of the upper bundle long, delicate, with one
edge minutely denticulated.

Color, yellowish-white; between the segments a narrow
red line; a similar line crosses each segment, sometimes
falling a little short of the base of the feet. Just outside
of each posterior eye is a crescentic red line bounding a
clear white spot; while just back of each posterior eye is
an irregularly curved red line, also limiting a clear white
spot. Anal segment with a quadrangular clear white
spot.

Length of a large specimen, 20"™; diameter, 2™™.

Numerous, of all lengths from 4 to 20". On shells,
etc. Dredged.

of the Virginian Coast. 45

Fam. GLYCERIDA.
RHYNCHOBOLUS Cilpd.
Ruyncuosotus Americanus Verrill.

Glycera Americana LEtpy. Mar. Invert. Fauna R. 1. & N. J., p. 15, pl. xi,
figs. 49, 50.
EHLERS. Borstenwirmer, p. 668, pl. xxiii, figs. 43-46.
i s GRUBE. Jahres-Bericht der Schles. Gesell. fiir vater-
lin. Cultur, p. 64. 1869.
Rhynchobolus Americanus VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, p. 596 pl, x.
figs. 45, 46.

“ ‘ec

Common. Low water and dredgings.

RHYNCHOBOLUS DIBRANCHIATUS Verrill.

Glycera dibranchiata ENLERS. Op. cit., p. 670, pl. xxiv, figs. 1, 10-28.
s a GRUBE. Op. cit., p. 64. 1869.
Rhynchobolus dibranchiatus VERRILL. Op. cit., p. 596, pl. x, figs. 43, 44.

Fam. CHLORAMID A.
TROPHONIA (M. Ea.) Clpd.
TROPHONIA ARENOSA 2. Sp.
PL. VII, FIGS. 92-97.

Body elongated, widest at about the 22d segment,
tapering gradually in both directions; in front nearly
quadrangular, the sides being straight, and the dorsal and
ventral surface but slightly convex; after the first 10-12
segments the body is rounded.

Branchiz very numerous, filiform, red at base, green
externally ; the inferior shorter than the superior.

Setee of the first five segments turned forward; elongated,
those of the first three reaching far beyond the branchie.
Tentacles not quite as long as the branchie, canaliculated,
margins scolloped; color reddish-brown with a green
centre. Body above and below with numerous cylindrical
papille, of which, in adult specimens there are five longi-
tudinal series — one median, with two on each side equally

7

46 Annelida Cheetopoda

distant from each other. The same number and arrange-
ment holds for the ventral surface. On the anterior seg-
ments these papille are situated near the anterior margin,
and besides those in regular series are numerous smaller
ones which project forward from the front of the segments.
On young specimens there may be but three series of
papillee.

The pedal rami are far removed from each other. They
are surrounded by papille similar in all respects to those
on the body, in number from 4to8. Back of each fascicle
of setee is an elongated cirrus (or papilla) slightly swollen
at base; this is somewhat larger and longer in the dorsal
than in the ventral rami.

Sete. The dorsal sete are all similar to f. 95, save that
those of the first five segments and particularly of the first
three are very long. The ventral sete of the first three
segments are like the dorsal. On the fourth segment
miuute terminal hooks appear with a straight tooth below.
They shorten backward and the hooks enlarge as in figs.
96 and 97. Dorsal setee amber-yellow; ventral sete, at base
dark reddish-brown, becoming lighter externally.

Body covered with fine sand, closely adherent.

Fam. CHAITOPTERID A.

SPIOCH HZTOPTERUS (Sars). Char. emend.

Sars, in his diagnosis of this genus, limits the segments of
the middle region of the body to two. The following species
agrees so closely with SprlocHATOPTERUS in most respects, -
that it seems undesirable to form a new genus for it; the
middle region, however, is composed of 20-23 segments.
Sars also makes the absence of eyes a generic character ;
but the presence or absence of eyes seems, at least among
annelids, never to have more than a specific value.

of the Virginian Coast. 47

SPIOCHATOPTERUS OCULATUS Nn. sp.
/ PL. VIII, FIGS. 98-102.

Anterior region composed of the buccal segment and
nine setigerous segments. Middle region, 20-23 segments.

Posterior region, segments numerous, number variable.

Head (f. 98), sunk in buccal segment and prolonged
backward between the bases of the tentacles. The anterior
part is trapezoidal, a little wider behind than in front; the
posterior narrow part has slightly concave lateral and
posterior margins, giving rounded, projecting, posterior
angles. The greatest width of the head is a trifle less
than its length; it is slightly convex. In front it is trun-
cated, or bent directly downward, its front face being
somewhat triangular, bluntly rounded at the apex, below.

Buccal segment, forms the anterior part of the body,
projecting a little in front of the head ; truncate in front,
anterior margin thick, rounded; lower and lateral surfaces
convex; anterior truncated face concave.

Tentacles, have the usual origin and structure, length
20-257".

Eyes two, lateral, just in front of the bases of the ten-
tacles, elliptical, directed obliquely toward the middle line
of the head, black.

Anterior region. The feet are flattened, fleshy lobes,
thick at base, running out to a thin edge; they are dor-
gal, transverse, directed upward and a little outward. The
sete arise from the front face of the feet, are long inter-
nally, growing progressively shorter externally. The outer
setee do not project beyond the foot. The sete also change
their form from within outward, as shown in f. 101, a, b,
e,d. The peculiar broad seta of the 4th setig. segment is
slightly convex, has regular transverse markings, widens
near the end. The expanded portion is thickened along
an irregular line which divides it into two nearly equal

4§ Annelida Cheetopoda

parts; its outer margin obliquely truncated, thin, minutely
denticulated. The remaining sete of this segment are of
the same form as those found on the other segments.

Middle region. Dorsal ramus, composed of two ventral
plates, of which the inner is bilobed, and arises just out-
side the middle line of the dorsum (f. 99). This plate is
counected at base with a similar vertical lateral plate,
which, however, is not lobed, and does not contain sete.
The lips of the ventral ramus are anterior and posterior ;
both are connected with the latero-dorsal plate by a basal
membranous prolongation. The posterior lip is a low,
arched plate, running downward nearly to the middle line
of the ventral surface. The anterior lip is much shorter
than the posterior, arising just above and in front of the
latter, also a little in front of the latero-dorsal plate. Both
lips of the ventral ramus have a yellow color derived from
the uncini concealed within them.

Posterior Region. The dorsal rami are vertical (f. 100),
swollen at base, otherwise cylindrical, terminating in a
button. They are close to the middle line of the body, and
contain from four to six very delicate setee, which project
slightly. The ventral rami are the same as in the middle
region, only the lips are much reduced in size, and very
close to each other.

The anal segment is without appendages, conical, ob-
liquely truncated from above downward, divided below
into lobes which can not be seen from above.

Dorsal sulcus, bordered on each side by a delicate raised
membrane. These may be revolute, leaving the sulcus
open; or their edges may be brought together, completely
closing it. Sulcus densely ciliated.

The body tapers uniformly, the diameter of the anal
segment being about one-third that of the anterior part.

Anterior region, convex below and laterally; flat or

of the Virginian Coast. 49

slightly concave above. Middle and posterior regions
rounded.

Color. The anterior region is white above; the first
six segments are white below, with numerous brown
specks, which often run together, forming blotches, which
may occupy more space than the white; remaining seg-
ments of this region white. Sometimes the 5th or 6th
segment is brownish-purple below, in which case the fol-
lowing one, two, or three segments are flake-white. Middle
and posterior regions yellowish-white above; white to
light brown below. Between the segments of the last
region there is a narrow brown band running down the
sides.

Tube. In front white, shining, transparent; further
back yellowish-white or brown, sometimes transparent,
sometimes opaque. It is annulated with raised bands,
which may be black, or white, or of the color of the tube;
its diameter 1™™.

Length of animal, 80-50".

Diameter of anterior third, 0.5-0.8™™.

Found in sand at low water; only in one place, but
there abundant.

Fam. SPIONIDA.
NERINE Johnston.
NERINE HETEROPODA N. Sp.
PL. VII, FIGS. 103-110.

Head, posterior two-thirds rounded (f. 103), swollen ;
anterior third suddenly acuminate, conical. Separation
between head and buccal segment distinct. Buccal segment
nearly as long as the next four segments together. The
long tentacles arise at the posterior lateral margins of
this segment; between their bases are four small black
eyes, two on each side, all on the same straight line. Just

50 Annelida Cheetopoda

back of the origin of the tentacles are two fans of sete,
shorter than those on the next segment, but otherwise
similar to them. ach fan has a little rounded lobe back
of it. These lobes are close together, similar to each other
and to the ventral lobes generally, but smaller. The
second segment bears a pair of short branchiz, which in-
crease in length on the following segments, till they nearly
touch each other across the back. The anterior brauchize
bear a foliaceous lobe, with a short, free, rounded extremity
(f. 104). This lobe is at first divided into two by an in-
cision reaching nearly to-the branchia; the lower lobe
being double the length of the upper one. Further back
the incision disappears, while the free portion of the lobe
becomes longer and pointed (f. 105).

Ventral rami. On the anterior feet the ventral ramus
is a rounded lobe of the same structure as the branchial
lobe. At about the 25th segment, this lobe is nearly
divided into two by a deep incision (f. 106); further back
this division becomes complete (f. 107) leaving a squarish
lobe between the dorsal and ventral rami, not attached to
either. The sete project in front of the lower lobe. On
the anterior feet the dorsal sete fall a little short of the
outer margin of the lobe; afterwards they project slightly
beyond it. They are numerous, arranged in a fan, delicate,
bilimbate, the margins being very narrow. The anterior
ventral sete are like the dorsal (f. 108). At about the
25th segment a few bidentate sete, with a broad membrane
extending about one-third of their length, replace some of
the double-margined sete of the ventral ramus (f. 109).
Still further back the bilimbate sete disappear entirely from
the lower ramus, being replaced by narrower sete with a
single margin (f. 110).

Description and figures from alcoholic specimens. Pos-
terior segments not seen. Segments remaining, 40.

Length, 20"; diameter, 15™™.

of the Virginian Coast. 51

POLYDORA Bosc.
POLYDORA HAMATA 2. Sp.
PL. VIII, FIGS. 111-116. PL. IX, FIGS. 117,118.

Head emarginate in front, outer angles rounded, directed
outward and forward.

HKyes four, black, between bases of tentacles; the anterior
pair larger and further apart than the posterior.

Branchiz begin on the seventh segment, 38 pairs, short,
flattened, not tapering; bluntly rounded, almost truncate
externally.

There is no terminal sucker, but in its place are two
somewhat quadrangular lobes (f. 118), each with a short
lateral cirrus. Anal opening surrounded by a circle of
low papille.

Sete. On the anterior segments are the ordinary ca-
pillary sete, simple acuminate (f. 111); after the change
of sete, these are confined to the dorsal rami. On the fifth
segment there are two kinds of sete; in the upper series
from 8 to 10 stout, flattened sete, slightly curved near the
end, not differing much from each other but with no two
exactly alike (f. 112); in the lower series from 4 to 6 short
capillary setee, for the most part like f. 111, but sometimes,
as in f. 113, widened at outer third.

From 15 to 24 of the posterior segments are furnished with
stout hooks, one to each dorsal ramus (f. 116); with these,
in addition to the ordinary capillary sete, is one much
longer than the rest (f. 117). The change of ventral sete
takes place on the 7th segment, though a few capillary
sete are found on that segment. The anterior ventral
sete (f. 114) after the change, are somewhat stouter than
the posterior (f. 115), ali bidentate, covered at the end
with a membrane, as shown in the figures.

The anterior part of the body is rounded below and

52 Annelida Chetopoda

laterally, flattened above; the posterior third is thin,
flattened both above and below.

Color: first third white; middle third brown, semi-
transparent; last third white; or the anterior third may
be light flesh color, posterior two-thirds yellowish ; bran-
chiee red.

Found occupying tortuous galleries in compact bivalve
shells. In some respects this form agrees with P. hoplura
Clpd., but is not identical with it.

POLYDORA CHCA Nn. Sp.
PLATE IX, FIGS. 119-122.

Head emarginate in front; lateral lobes bluntly rounded,
short, no eyes. A rounded carination extends from the
head to the anterior margin of the 4th segment.

Tentacles, mere threads; in extension from 10 to 12™
long, white, canaliculated; margins of channel flake-white,
interrupted by thirteen transverse dark purple lines, which
reach about half-way around the tentacles. Length of
markings to spaces included between them about as 1 to 3.

First segment with dorsal ramus only; ramus small _
and with shorter sete than those of the following segments.

Second, third and fourth segments with short, blunt,
finger-shaped dorsal and ventral cirri.

Branchiz begin on 7th segment, are of the ordinary
form, but very numerous, existing on over 100 segments.
The last three are very short, and are followed by sixteen
segments without branchie.

Terminal sucker funnel-shaped, interrupted below ; anal
opening with crenulated margin.

Sete. Very numerous in anterior dorsal rami; some
very long, at least one-half longer than the branchie.
These long setee for the most part have the form shown in
f. 119, but some are narrower. In the upper part of the
bundle are shorter setee (f. 120).

of the Virginian Coast. 53

The stout sete of the 5th segment are bluntly rounded
externally, either straight, or slightly curved at tip (f. 121).
Three or four short flat capillary sete curve around the
anterior margin of the first stout sete, and lie directly
across them.

Ventral setee; from the 7th segment stout, bidentate ;
lower tooth much longer than upper (f. 122), and covered
by membrane. They barely project from the surface; are
curved within the body.

Color. Anterior part flesh-color passing into white
behind.

A single specimen was found living in a tortuous gallery,
excavated ina perfectly sound upper valve of Anomia
glabra Verr. The gallery was lined by a membrane, which
formed a tube projecting about 4™™ beyond the surface of
the shell. The channels in the tentacles were densely
covered with cilia. The long tentacles were almost con-
stantly protracted and moved about. The cilia of the
branchie were very long and numerous.

Length, 19™™; diameter, in front, 1™™; behind, 0.5™.

This species can readily be distinguished from any pre-
viously described from our coast by the purple markings
on the tentacles. Though living ina gallery in a hard
shell, it lacks the dorsal hooks of P. hamata and P. hoplura
Clpd.

Fam. ARICIID Ai.
ARICIA (Sav.) Aud. & Ed.
ARICIA RUBRA 2. SP.
PL. IX, FIGS, 123-126.
Branchie beginning on the 6th setigerous segment.
Head elongate, conical, pointed, as long as the first three

segments, having neither eyes, nor antennee.

Branchie: on the anterior segments nearly cylindrical
8

54 Annelida Cheetopoda

for the basal three-fourths, becoming suddenly conical
externally. . They gradually increase in length, and
become flattened, triangular, but the outer fourth or fifth
remains pointed, conical; on a few of the last segments
they again become shorter.

The dorsal rami consist of a delicate finger-shaped
dorsal cirrus, shorter than the branchiz. From a depres-
sion at the base of this cirrus a bundle of long simple sete
arises. Further back the dorsal cirri became as long as
the branchie, and have nearly the same form.

The ventral rami, on the first 25-29 segments, consist of
two transverse membranous lips, of which the anterior is
very low, hardly perceptible; the posterior a well marked
plate, not reaching as far as the sete, and with a smooth
rounded margin. Between these lips are four rows of
stout blunt sete, straight or slightly curved (f. 128).
These sete are all short, first series shortest, increasing
progressively in length from first to fourth series. Between
the third and fourth series in the upper part of the ramus
are a few, usually two, long simple capillary sete (figs.
124, 125). The ventral rami are short on the first seg-
ment, increasing in length from the first to the sixth or
seventh segment. At this point they extend from the
dorsal to the ventral surface, never encroaching on the
ventral surface. The last seven or eight of this series of
rami decrease in length progressively, so that the last
(25th-29th) is about the same length as the first, and con-
tains about the same number of sete. The margin of the
posterior lip of the last three rami is prolonged into a
delicate cirrus.

With the change of sete the anterior lip disappears; the
posterior lip becomes conical, truncated, bearing a cirrus-
like prolongation on its lower outer border (f. 126), and
its position is changed to the lateral margin of the dorsum.

of the Virginian Coast. 5d

Between the 40th and 50th feet the dorsal cirri come to
be nearly as long as the branchie, and of the same form.
With the transfer of the ventral rami to the dorsal surface.
the feet and branchise become connected by an elevated
transverse membranous ridge. The dorsal and ventral
sete arealike. The dorsal cirrus stands back ofthe bundle
of sete which continues to arise at its base, while the ven-
tral setze arise from the summit and anterior face of the
ventral ramus. All the sete are very long. Throughout
most of its length the diameter of the body is uniform.
There isa somewhat rapid diminution in the first four
segments; and a gradual diminution in the posterior
fourth ; the last segment having about one-half the width
of the middle segments. The anterior segments are slightly
concave above (f. 125), slightly convex below; posterior
segments (f. 126) flat, or very slightly convex above, broadly
rounded atthe sides and below, with a distinct median
ventral depression.

Anal cirri, four, delicate, subulate, white; the superior
of the length of the last five segments ; the inferior, short.

Color, red, shade varying in different individuals ;
middle third sometimes green.

Segments short, numerous.

Length usually about 70", with a diameter of 1™.

Low water, mud and sandy mud.

ARICIDEA n. gen.

One antenna. Feet biramous. Dorsal rami with cirri;
ventral rami with cirri on anterior segments only. Bran-
chiz on anterior segmentsonly. Sete all simple, capillary.
First segment with sete, no tentacular cirri.

ARICIDEA FRAGILIS 7. sp.
PL. IX, FIGS. 127-132.
Head, posterior half convex, sides rounded; anterior
half just in front of the single antenna suddenly depressed

56 Annelida Cheetopoda

and narrowed. In contraction this anterior part is about
equal in length to the posterior (f. 127) and is somewhat
shovel-shaped ; in extension it is double this length and is
acute, conical. A very shallow incision at the end can be
seen in alcoholic specimens; this was not noticed in living
forms.

Eyes two, small, circular, lateral, posterior.

Antenna, arises about the centre of the head, delicate,
subulate, in length not quite half the head.

Dorsal ramus with dorsal cirrus but without proper feet
or ramus. Cirrus on first segment a mere papilla, increas-
ing in length to the fourth segment, where it is about
one-third the length of the branchiz; the first three are
cylindrical; the fourth, and all back of it, on the bran-
chiated segments, have a small lobe, developed near the
base, looking outward. On the non-branchiated posterior
segments this cirrus loses the lobe, becomes somewhat elon-
gated, very delicate, subulate.

Ventral ramus, on first segment a minute cylindrical
papilla, a little longer than the dorsal cirrus; increasing
slightly in length to the fourth segment, where it is about
one-half as long as the dorsal cirrus. Back of the fourth
segment it is flattened (compressed) and becomes a fleshy
lobe, rounded externally. It retains this form to about
the 30th segment, where it again assumes the form of a
cirrus, shortens progressively, and disappears at about the
40th segment, after which segment the ventral rami are
entirely without appendages. The ventral cirri are always
just back of the ventral sete.

Branchie, begin on fourth segment, arise just within
the dorsal cirri, taper slightly to near the end when they
became suddenly acuminate; they are usually directed
inward and a little upward, their length being a little more
than half the width of the body, so that they cross each

of the Virginian Coast. 57

other. The first two or three area little shorter than those
following them. They exist on 50 to 55 segments, the
last two or three having about the same length as the first.
After the first few segments they entirely cover the back.

The anterior dorsal setee form a fascicle just in front of
the dorsal cirrus, they are very long, (f. 131), regularly
acuminate. In each bundle there are two or three in the
upper part double the length of the one figured. Back of
the branchiated segments, there are only four to eight in
each bundle, which are a little shorter and more delicate
than the anterior setze.

Ventral sete (f. 1382, a, b.), arranged in three transverse
series, numerous, inner third or half of uniform width, then
suddenly acuminate, capillary termination very long and
delicate. In the upper part of each ramus are a few sete
double the length of those figured; back of the branchize
they form two fan-like series.

On the anterior branchiated segments, the dorsal and
ventral surfaces of the body are very slightly convex. Their
convexity progressively increases (f. 129) backwards; the
sides are rounded (f. 128). On the non-branchiated seg-
ments, the lateral and ventral surfaces are regularly rounded,
but there is a sudden contraction of the dorsum just above
the dorsal rami (f. 1380). Posterior segments not found.

A fragment 32™™ in length had 170 segments, and was
2™™ in diameter.

Color: the head is white; first 80-40 segments bright
red, passing into white, which further back passes into a
green. Anterior dorsal sete, amber-yellow ; anterior ven-
tral, brownish-yellow ; all setee back of branchie gleaming
white. *

Rare ; low water, mud.

58 Annelida Cheetopoda

ANTHOSTOMA Schmarda.
ANTHOSTOMA ROBUSTUM Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 597, pl. xiv, f. 76.
One specimen, much injured, but probably referable to
this species.
ANTHOSTOMA FRAGILE Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 598.

A single injured specimen.

Fam. CIRRATULIDA.
CIRRATULUS Lamarck.
CIRRATULUS GRANDIS Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 606, pl. xv, figs. 80, 81.

Common both in sand and mud, low water.

Fam. CAPITELLID A.
ANCISTRIA Quatrefages.
ANCISTRIA MINIMA Quatr.
Hist. Nat. des Ann., vol. ii, p. 252, pl. xi, figs. 28-34.
Claparéde remarks that Anctstr1a Quatr. is founded on
a CapiITELLA. I know very little indeed about this group,
bnt am certain that my specimens belong to ANCISTRIA as
defined by Quatrefages and have found it impossible to
separate them from A. minima.

Fam. MALDANIDA.
CLYMENELLA Verriil.

CLYMENELLA TORQUATA Verrill.

Clymenella torquata VeRR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 608, pl. xiv,
figs. 71-73.
Olymene torquatus Lerpy. Marine Invert. Fauna R. I. & N. J., p. 14.

Low water, sandy mud; common.

of the Virginian Coast. 59

MALDANE (Gr.) Mgrn.
MaLpaNneE ELoNGaATA Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 609.
Common in mud and sandy mud, near low water mark.

Fam. AMMOCHARID A.
AMMOCHARES Grube.
Only one specimen belonging to this genus was found,
and that having only a few anterior segments, not sufli-
cient for identification.

Fam. HERMELLIDA.
SABELLARIA Lam.
SABELLARIA VARIANS 7. sp.
PL. IX, FIGS. 133-136. PL. X, FIGS, 137-139.

Body stout, diameter decreasing regularly from the
first segment. Operculum surrounded at base by a series
of conical papille. On the dorsal surface the inner papilla
on each side is flattened at base, and between it and the
operculum are a few golden sete, curved to follow the out-
line of the opercular base.

The tentacles have the usual structure, are white, with
sometimes a red or purple tinge.

First segment not visible above, represented below by
two rounded lobes and two setigerous processes or ventral
rami. The lobes are placed one on each side of the mouth ;
outer margin convex, inner margin concave. In life they
are continually in motion, being alternately straightened
or moved from the mouth, and curved inward to the mouth.
Just outside of these lobes is a conical process, arising
from a swollen irregularly shaped base. On the outer
surface of the base is a curved depression, from which a
series of sete arises, similar to f. 139, but with the lateral
appendages much longer than in that figure. The sete
and the process itself point downward.

60 Annelida Cheetopoda

The second segment bears branchiz and laterally an
acutely conical process with a flattened triangular base;
a bundle of sete, similar to those of the first segment,
arises from the lower margin of this process near its base.
There are no other sete on this segment. Accordingly,
the first two segments are uniramous having only the
ventral rami and sete. The pedal ramus of the second
segment is very close to the setigerous lobe of the first,
being on the antero-lateral margin of its own segment.
Without careful examination it would seem that both
rami belonged to the first segment.

The dorsal sete of the third segment (f. 186) are smaller,
but do not differ otherwise from those of the fourth and
fifth (f. 137). Those following the fifth segment have
four sharp teeth increasing progressively in length (f. 188).
Branchize, about twenty pairs; sixth or seventh largest,
growing smaller gradually, the last being quite short.
Length of anterior branchize a little more than the width
of the body.

Color: opercular lobes white with dark brown specks;
first three or four segments black laterally sometimes
ventrally ; body generally white, often with a greenish
tinge: branchisze white or red with green centre: caudal
appendage green: feet generally white, with sometimes
the outer border of the posterior dorsal rami black. In
a well marked color variety, the first four segments were
entirely black; body green with brown spots; middle
third, ventral surface, dark brownish-red; feet light green
at base, passing into dark brown externally.

Length, from 8 to 18™™.

The tubes of this species were numerous on shells, etc.,
dredged trom four to twelve fathoms.

of the Virginian Coast. 61

Fam. AMPHICTENID.
PECTINARIA Lam.
(Subgenus LAGIS Mgrn.)

PEcTINARIA (LaAGIS) DUBIA n. sp.
PL. X, FIGS. 140-144.

Two specimens were found which seem to belong to
Malmgren’s genus or subgenus Lagis. Through some
carelessness I failed to make notes on them when they
were collected. Their present condition does not admit
of specific description, except as regards the sete. These,
in some respects are peculiar; there are eight paleole on
each side, flattened, slightly curved to near the end, ter-
minating in a stout hook (f. 140). The dorsal sete are of
two forms: one, simple, acuminate (f. 141); the other,
also simple, but curved slightly, and with a large, well
defined projection or knee at about the outer fourth (f.
142), beyond which the edge is divided into numerous
fine, hair-like, projections by oblique incisions. Ventral
uncini (f. 143) with seven long, sharp teeth.

Spinule of the scapha (sete of the caudal process) in
two series, ten in each ; of which seven are of the form a,
b, f. 144, and three correspond to e¢, d, e.

Length of one specimen 6™™; of the other 4™.

Fam, AMPHARETID A.
MELINNA Mgrn.
MELINNA MACULATA Nn. sp.
PLATE X, FIGS. 145-147.

Branchie green with red centre, and narrow transverse
white bands. Tentacles not much longer than branchie,
light flesh-color.

Body flesh-color, sometimes tinged with green and

with numerous flake-white specks on the anterior dorsal
9

62 Annelida Cheetopoda

surface, nine or ten posterior segments dark brown to black.
Eighteen anterior segments, with capillary sete ; posterior
segments, 55. There is a narrow raised ventral band be-
tween the bases of the opposite feet on the first 17 seti-
geroussegments. The first three setigerous segments have
a narrow white band on which the sete stand, running
down the sides, becoming wider and rounded in front.

The spinule are slightly convex, strongly striated trans-
versely ; longitudinal strive interrupted by the transverse ;
of uniform width to near the end, when they curve sud-
denly, ending in a sharp point (f. 147).

Capillary sete bilimbate; one margin very narrow and
shorter than the other (f. 146). Uncini with four long
sharp teeth, and one short tooth (f. 145).

This species is certainly closely related to Sabellides
(Melinna Mgrn.) cristata Sars, but probably not the same.
It will be seen that the uncini agree with those figured by
Sars (Fauna littoralis Norvegic, pl. ii, figs. 6,7), except that
they have an additional tooth. The spinule are also very
much alike (compare f. 147 with Sars l. ¢. pl. ii, f. 5).

Malmgren has figured the same parts (Nord. Hafs-Ann.,
pl. xx, figs. 50 D, 50 C), but his figures differso much from
those given by Sars that it hardly seems probable they
were made from the same species.

Fam. TEREBELLID A.
AMPHITRITE (Miller) Mgrn.

AMPHITRITE ORNATA Verrill.
Terebella ornata LEIDY. Marine Invert. Fauna. R. I. and N. J., p. 14, pl.
xi, figs. 44, 45.
Amphitrite ornata VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 613, pl. xvi, f. 82.
Very common in mud and sandy mud, at low water.

SCIONOPSIS Verrill.
ScIoNOPSIS PALMATA Verr.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 614.

of the Virginian Coast. 63
The few examples which were found, were of small size.

PISTA Mgrn.

Pista cristata Mgrn.

MALMGREN. Nord. Hafs-Ann., p. 382, pl. xxii, f. 59.
VERRILL. Amer. Journ. Sci. Arts, Third Ser., vol. x, p. 40.

A single imperfect specimen was collected, cousisting of
the anterior half.

LEPRAA Morn.
LEPRZA RUBRA Verrill.
Invert. Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 615.

Common, but all of the specimens were of small size.

POLYCIRRUS (Grube) Mgrn.
PotycirrRus ExImMIus Verrill.

Torquea eximia LEtpy. Marine Invert. Fauna R. 1. & N. J., p. 14, pl.
xi, figs. 51, 52.
Polycirrus eximius VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p, 616, pl. xvi, f. 85.

ENOPLOBRANCHUS Vervriil.

ENOPLOBRANCHUS SANGUINEUS Verr.

Chetobranchus sanguineus VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 616.

Enoplobranchus sanguineus VERR. Check List of Marine Invert. of the
Atlantic Coast from Cape Cod to the Gulf of
St. Lawrence, p. 10 (advance sheets).

LYSILLA Ygrn.
LYSILLA ALBA 7. Sp.

PLATE x, FIG. 148.

Frontal membrane divided into five lobes by deep in-
cisions, each lobe being scolloped or deeply folded.

Cirri, long, white with colorless centre; some filiform,
others enlarged and flattened in their outer third.

Body, first third swollen, then tapering uniformly but
very slightly. Anterior two-thirds white, transparent ; in-

64 Annelida Cheetopoda

ternal organs showing through. Alimentary canal sur-
rounded, except for a short distance in front, by a yellow
glandular mass which is divided on each side of the middle
line into semicircular lobes or plates of varying thickness.
First third may be regarded as made up of fourteen or
fifteen segments, but the segmentation is very obscure.
On most specimens there are peculiar bodies on thirteen
segments, beginning with the second, appearing as lateral
circular elevations with raised margin, concave, centre
occupied by a minute elevated point. I know nothing as
to the function of these bodies which are not found on
some speciinens. No segmentation could be made out
along the middle third of fresh specimens. In alcoholic
specimens, on the ventral surface, lines of division can be
seen, but they are very obscure. The posterior third is
light gray, with brown specks, opaque, and terminates in a
clear white anal segment.

Segments clearly defined, short, numerous. The anal
aperture has a minutely crenulated margin.

The entire body is covered with narrow, raised trans-
verse lines, made up of minute verruciform bodies; these
are less apparent on the middle third than elsewhere. In
living specimens a narrow, raised, flattened band occupies
the middle line of the ventral surface. In alcoholic speci-
meus the ventral surface is much depressed, and an elevated
rounded ridge on each side separates it from the lateral
surface.

Sete. After careful examination of many specimens I
believed that this species was without sete. Afterwards
I found a single fascicle of six sete, one of which is re-
presented in f. 148. Malmgren assigns to LysILua six
setigerous segments. I am unable to say how many
segments of this species are setigerous, but have referred
it to Lysritua because in all other respects it agrees with
that genus,

of the Virginian Coast. 65

Fam. SABELLID A.
SABELLA (L.) Mgrn.
SABELLA MICROPHTHALMA Verrill.

Invert, Animals of Vineyard Sound, etc., p. 618.
POTAMILLA Mgrn.

POTAMILLA TORTUOSA 7. Sp.
PLATE X, FIGS. 149-153.

Branchie, six pairs, colorless, transparent, with trans-
verse markings of brown and white, and a green centre,
connected at base for a short distance by a membrane.
Pinne often with same markings as stem. The first pair
(dorsal) of branchie are without eyes. The 2d, 3d, and
4th may have from one to three convex dark red eyes,
which are placed at equal distances from each other, the
outer one being about half-way out on the stem; their
transverse diameter equals the width of the stem; longi-
tudinal diameter a little longer than the transverse. Fifth
and sixth pairs of branchie without eyes.

The ventral sulcus is continued on the dorsum, but is
hardly perceptible save on the first three segments. An-
terior part of body usually composed of eight segments,
but may have seven, eight or nine. Each of these seg-
ments has its ventral surface divided into two equal parts
by a transverse impressed line. Back of these the ventral
sulcus divides the ventral surface of each segment into
lateral quadrangles, whose length is double their width in
front; the length becoming less as the segments shorten,
they finally become squares. The tentacles are flattened,
triangular at base, becoming subulate further out ; length,
about one-third that of the superior branchie.

Pinne long, densely ciliated.

All the setee of the first segment are capillary, similar
to f. 149, but with narrower margin. The manubrium of
the anterior uncini,is very long (f. 152). The short cap-

66 Annelida Cheetopoda

illary sete of the anterior segments (f. 150), evidently
agree better with Laonome than with Poramitua. ‘The
ordinary form of capillary sete on the posterior segments
is shown in f. 153, but there are a few with narrower mar-
gins, and also some with a single margin, similar to f. 149.
Body of nearly uniform size, a few of the last segments
tapering slightly.

This species lives in tortuous galleries excavated in
compact shells, lined with a delicate membrane, which
projects from 6 to10™™. No entire specimen was obtained.
They could not be withdrawn without breaking, and it
was difficult to follow the galleries, owing to their tortuous
course and to the compactness of the shells.

A nearly entire specimen, having 100 segments, was
15™™ in length; width not quite 1™. Color, reddish-brown
above, white below.

This species lives in colonies, and scattered among
them were frequently found individuals with only three
pairs of branchie, light red, without eyes, quite short and
narrow. As in all other respects they agree perfectly with
the species described above, they may be the young of
that form.

Ihave referred this species to Poramrtua Mgrn., although
it does not agree with that genus ip all respects. The
ventral sulcus is certainly continued on the dorsum. The
form of the shorter capillary sete has been already referred
to. Aside from these points it agrees with PoTAMILLA. |

Fam. SERPULID A.
HYDROIDES Gunnerus.
HypDRoIpEs DIANTHUS Verrill.

Serpula dianthus VERR. Invert. An. Vin. Sound, etc., p. 620.

Hydroides dianthus VERR. In Notes on the Nat. Hist. of Fort Macon, N
C., Coues and Yarrow (No. 5), in Proc. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phila., 1878 (advance sheets).

of the Virginian Coast. 67

GENERA INCERTZ SEDIS.

CABIRA n. gen.

Sides of head produced into thin plates, which are
covered with papille. First segment with two pairs of
tentacular cirri, without sete. Dorsal cirri on all seg-
ments; no ventral cirri. Ventral sete, stout hooks be-
ginning on the 6th setigerous segment, one to eacb ramus.

CABIRA INCERTA N. Sp.

PLATE XI, FIGS. 155-157.

Head convex above and below, bluntly rounded in front,
lateral margins prolonged into membranous expansions,
which project in front of the head, and are densely covered
with minute papille. Antenne two, minute, arising from
a short swollen base, lateral, situated at the anterior
third (f. 154).

Buccal segment, in length about equal to the two follow-
ing segments; no sete; two minute tentacular cirri on
each side; separated from the following segment by a
deep lateral constriction.

Feet. Dorsal ramus with a small dorsal cirrus; similar
in all respects to the antenne and tentacular cirri; beneath
this arise from two to four delicate capillary setee (f. 157,
a,b). Ventral ramus a small papilla, from the summit of
which issues a strong hooked seta (f. 156). The first five
setigerous segments have only the dorsal rami.

Body convex above, flat below. Posterior part not
seen.

Length of part examined (40 segments), 12".

Color, light gray.

Found living in a fragment of loosely compacted sand-
stone. Dredged.

68 Annelida Chetopoda

PHRONIA 1. gen.

Head divided into palpi. Body elongate, flattened,
composed of numerous segments. First segment with two
pairs of tentacular cirri, without sete. Dorsal cirri of
second segment similar to the upper tentacular cirri.
Remaining dorsal cirri flattened, thin. Feet uniramous.
Sete all simple, capillary. Anal segment not seen.

PHRONIA TARDIGRADA 2. Sp.

PLATE XI, FIGS. 158-163.

Head (f. 158), width greater than length ; lateral margins
slightly concave; posterior margin straight to the middle
third, then curving suddenly backward, encroaching on
the front of the buccal segment ; on the lower surface, close
to the inner anterior margin of the frontal lobes (palpi),
two minute papille, which, pointing forward and inward,
project a little beyond the palpi; in front the division be-
tween the palpi extends about one-third of the way back;
above, is continued as a shallow depression; below, as a
deeply impressed line, to the posterior margin: palpi
broadly rounded in front. Antenne two, conical, lateral,
very small.

Tentacular cirri; superior, conical, elongate, turned for-
ward, reaching a little beyond the head: inferior, conical,
minute. Sides of the buccal segment turned forward,
embracing the head. The mouth has acrenulated posterior
margin. Dorsal cirri of the second segment similar to
those of the first, but a little longer and very slightly flat-
tened; after the first they have a cylindrical or slightly
tapering basal article; back of the second segment they
are suddenly shortened and flattened, becoming leaf-shaped
(figs. 159, 160). The substance of these cirri is crowded
with small glandular bodies, and those of the anterior seg-
ments have a series of minute cylindrical papille along

of the Virginian Coast. 69

their inner back margin. The ventral cirri originate at
first near the base of the dorsal cirri (f. 159); further back
that part of the basal article carrying the dorsal cirrus be-
comes longer, but the position of the ventral cirrus remain-
ing unchanged (f. 162), it now falls short of the base of
the dorsal cirrus. The middle third of the anterior seg-
ments is slightly convex above, otherwise the body in this
region is flat both above and below; further back the out-
line is that shown in f. 164. The posterior sete (f. 161) are
longer and stouter than the anterior but not so numerous.

In the single specimen found there were 320 segments ;
the posterior portion of the body had been lost.

Length observed, 90™™.

Diameter of head, 0.4"™ ; breadth of third segment, 1.1™";
of 100thsegment, 4"; of 300th segment, 3.5"™.

All the body measurements include the feet; and the
changes in width are almost entirely due to the increase,
and subsequent decrease, in the length of the feet; the
width of the body changing but very little.

Color everywhere white.

Found at extreme low water in soft mud.

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INDEX TO THE ANNELIDA CHETOPODA.*

PAUTEGDOURE TS vc ce siete tesle)5) 6x 2.8 3648 235
ANIM OCEPAIR ID Ani ears feicis «nie 259
FAMIMOGHIATRES oy o.0 os !e) sysieim orsveie s 259
PAUP EVAN UBL DAN 5 o. cso eene OL
AV Ce BY NGUD ABI nce) ee 261
VAP ITER OS teratiaisy «i 2 <ys)e' ston oy si ove ich 239
Amphitrite ornata,........ 218, 262
MSIE ANNO, AeA ooo eAoe oO 258
Antinoé parasitica,.... ....... 208
Anthostoma fragile,........ .. 258

RODUSUUMIME erecta seks 258
Aphrodita punctata,.......... 204

CNP, Sacuebo opode 204
Ara be llaro palin, cee iar -l)er 242
ATICE REL UD TA eeie ar che ois oie sia stsiaic 253
ART CED HAUS ohnetoi nie, ve folecviarsse weal 255

APRESS. aieidcis,cineferersstey 255
PAVE T@ MTD) Ani. oh ayccs ers ei-decueaterans 253
ATU OMMINUS) | valeicc.sseter Sete ccavsiess 224

INESPeCTIGUMR Ns \<) ataye ier 225

DHOOM: sodgapndesboOur 225
G@ABTIRAR Ys Scisaicins.) atosinieeis.s 267

AML COLUS Hetaiel vere cst al 2b etsy 267
CVU UL HID AOES SS cagocan cus 258
Chetobranchus sanguineus,.... 263
CHATORTE RID AG... sh... 246
CEMLORAIMEDAN, ot -2< - . 245
CUR EVAMU IED IA, eats ec eee 258
Cirratmlusiorandisy since ais « 258
Clymene torquatus, ........... 258
Clymenella torquata,.......... 258
Diopatracuprea,..........'.-.. 236
DRIMONER ISH joeatie eves 50) oi 5 240

VON GAs areca serses) sss se 240
Enoplobranchus sanguineus, .. 263
Eumida maculosa,............ 215
SHALTACBNCAL DT CO sciainn elaisistes)- eee 236

SOMO MUNEO noire ee elthe sate 237
HUIN GRD ANS een ake cans cis ore 236
EEA TOSNDINA\ Cs eveinseueteics sf os . 210
HE RMB IIGID ANS fs. sce ss se 259
JEU DI SIKOIMMID ADR Se bagacteun bogs 216
Hydroides dianthus,....... .. 266
Glycera Americana,.........- 245

dibranchiata,........... 245
GY. CHEREDIAN. oa once 6 as 245
Lita 1 a 261

AS ONONERI ie va fora tele tore) eretier eins 266
LCOMLE OPQUNG;.\.16 «1c = 11+ 14 «i< 237
IPinipeoyuwimMuwN, o45a50an. oanoc 209
Lepidametria commensalis,.... 210
Lepidonote armadillo,......... 204
DUNCTOLG Tee eniiaeioe 204
Lepidonotus squamatus,.......- 204
ATI COSt Us (Vials) ieee ei 205
VT DUS ¥a sy eisiere oelereirere 205
epreca wubrasesetmemciicc srt 263
Lumbriconereis opalina,....... 242
SDICTCIGU tee itera stele 242
COMMIS Sone eRe re ites cre . 241
Tbysillasalibayoves sa serscers ate cles 263
Maldane elongata,...........- 259
MUASEADYASNII D/A) Wastescicrolcicis erence 258
Marphysa, Leidit,..........4-. 237
ELOY UY Jansiaetriste. clio 237
sanguinea,. ...... 236, 237
Melinnaxcristataarics seein. 262
MONIES udodoowsaddoe 261
Nematonereis oculata, ........ 239
IN HE EMM SV ADIOD VE oe cgonHeoe 213
Nephthys ingens,. ..........- 213
P1CtA,S sate eternaciniciis cores 214
MIB MBIID AD: cds sobobnossase eo
Nereidonta sanguinea, ......-. 237
INerine hetero pods =e) 249
Nereis Dumerillii,........ .. 234
OT ON AUS) Waterarersiat-leleiaie 3 of 235
IETItA DUIS seem 231
inn Dainese etsiers et. aieerers 235
Nereis sanguined,........+.06- 236
VATONS Werteutaes vere meee 235
UMM Ns Banana aba aac 235
Odontosyllis Dugesiana,. ..... 220
iE Bish ano emer 220
PACD OPH VANAL semtoct tae iseatareiere 223
GISPAT Ss 1ciclsverelaricicteutela ss 223
Rectinariaidubia eee cece 261
Pista cristataa asec ceacaa a 3s or 263
Phyllodoce) fragilig;;. ......:- 214
PHYTEODO CUDA ees sce 214
PUR OINTAS iaycre tices ralojens craietorele 268
FANOUOTAGD, 5: <:css)ajcreis sia 268
Bodarkevopscutaerjesice cece += 216
Polycirrus eximius,........... 263

* For pages in the Advance Copies subtract 200.

72 Index.
Poly dora sCHCR) 5 'rv. Velen ies 202 || SHEE UND Aer erase eile
ARCA Ah achererem cleo er Rola NS LGIAT TON DAA teeta
TOV NOEAABY DUS, cle,4'c<) cielo nie sel 204 || SPHAIROBWILIS! (5 oseelee (ee
SOMMIUGLON fae eietetsteroiete 204 Cla pared ener es
(POTIYINOEDAG oe ey Seen settee 204 FOVTUIG AN Acts ewe eqe erste
Potamilla tortuosa, .2...25/..% 265 ams E cata rs ely 8 allay
PROOE RAGAN 42h fo ae cisuaens 224, 227 PILE AY ses teers meade ot
COeLUlEAL Hien 230 | SPIOCHATOPTERUS,.......-...-
Vive EH AS Ae abod Kempe) OCulaiis wees eerie ar
macrophthalma,........ Red | SELON MD Ai ycicicicie <eisens tarot
OPTOLO A AAaR oho ere 225 | Staurocephalus pallidus, ......
DIUCUDN trey cgeeth aiavetnal oe torers 225 SOCEN INES Wiggs Agree
tandionadae erin sess CPt || PUMEMIENE OC sco coeacsoa oc
Rhynchobolus Americanus,... 245 | SYLLIDA,.................3
dibranchiatusaise.. see. BaOm | MSyallist tira oul sherpa rae ene aes
Sabella microphthalma,... ... 265 ‘Werrecilig tee alse aes
Sabellaria varians,............ 259 | Terebella ornata,...... nauehacea heen
SAB TOOT UD VOY Boh neces. 5 PAC || MU Oe Ha TLIO VEN, Saga bows ce
Sabellides cristata,............ 262 | Torquea eximed,..........--6.
Scionopsis palmata,........... 262 | Trophonia arenosa,...........
Serpula dianthus,............- 266

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EXPLANATION OF PLATET.

LEPIDONOTUs SQUAMATUS Andy.

Page 204.
Fig. 1. Head of a small specimen, x 25.
Fig. 2. Foot seen from below, x 25.
Fig. 3. Seta of ventral ramus, x 140.
Fig. 4. Seta of dorsal ramus, x 240.
Fig. 5. Seta of first ventral ramus, x 240.

LEPIDONOTUS VARIABILIS 7%. sp.
Page 205.

Fig. 6. Head of a small specimen, x 25.
Fig. 7. Elytron from middle of body, x 15.
Fig. 8. Foot from a larger specimen, x 25.
Figs. 9,10. Sete of lower ramus, x 140.
Fie

g. 11. Seta of first segment, lower ramus, x 140.

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE I.

LEPIDONOTUS VARIABILIS 2. Sp.
Page 205. |
Fig. 12. Seta of dorsal ramus, x 410.
Fig. 13. Seta of ventral ramus, worn, < 140.
Fig. 14. Head of ?sexual form, X 25. |

ANTINOE PARASITICA 7. Sp.
Page 208.

. 15. Head, enlarged.
On ti, Bvitna. jae:
18. Seta of dorsal ramus, X 460.
Fig. 19. Seta of ventral ramus, x 410.
, 20. Seta of ventral ramus, first two segments, x 460.
Figs. 21, 22. Hooked setz of last two segments, X 410.

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE [II

LEPIDAMETRIA COMMENSALIS 7”. Sp.
Page 210.
Head, X 285.
Jaw piece, X 25.
Emarginate elytron, x 5.
Oval elytron, x 5.
Posterior elytron, < 5.
Foot, X 25.
Large pointed seta, x 70.
Bidentate seta of lower ramus, x 140.
Seta of dorsal ramus, « 240.

PHYLLODICE FRAGILIS 7. sp.
Page 214.

Head and anterior segments, X 35.

Foot from anterior third, x 30.

Foot from posterior third, * 30.

Foot from a young specimen, x 30.
Seta, x 750.

Foot with ventral cirrus, x 30.

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43.

49.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.

EUMIDA MACULOSA n. sp.
Page 215.
Head, etc., x 70.
Anterior foot, X 70.
Foot from middle third, x 70.
Posterior dorsal cirrus from a large specimen, x 70.

SYLLIS FRAGILIS 2. sp.
Page 217.
Seta, < 750.
Acicula, x 750.

(Fig. 43 is not good, the terminal button not being shown.)

SPHAROSYLLIS FORTUITA 7. Sp.
Page 221.
Head and anterior segments, X 130.
Posterior segments, & 180.
Compound seta with long appendix, 750.
Compound seta with short appendix, x 750.
Simple seta, x 750.

P2#DOPHYLAX DISPAR 7. 8p.
Page 223.

Head and anterior segments, X 130.

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE V.

PADOPHYLAX DISPAR, ”. 8p.
Page 223.
Fig. 50. — Posterior segments, x 130.
Fig. 51. Seta withshort appendix, x 750.
Fig. 52. Seta with longer capillary appendix, x 750.
Fig. 53. Same as 52, different view, x 750.
Fig. 54. Simple seta, slightly curved, x 750.
Fig. 55. Simple seta, more curved, x 750.

NEREIS IRRITABILIS 7“. Sp.
Page 231.
Fig. 56. Head and extended proboscis, X 20.
Fig. 57. Proboscis, ventral view, X 20.
Fig. 58. Foot from 7th segment, x 20.
Fig. 59. Foot from 30th segment, x 20.
Fig. 60. Foot from 50th segment, < 20.
Fig. 61. Foot from 70th segment, x 20.
Fig. 62. Foot from 160th segment, x 20.
Figs. 63, 64. Sete, x 450.

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE VI.

NEREIS IRRITABILIS 7. Sp.
Page 231.
Fig. 65. Adult female, foot from 70th segment, x 20.
Fig. 66. Sexual seta, x 230.
Fig. 67. Adult male, foot from 70th segment, x 20.
Fig. 68. Adult male, 7th dorsal cirrus, x 20.
Fig. 69. Adult male, 8th dorsal cirrus, x 20.

NEREIS LIMBATA /Alers.
Page 235.

Fig. 70. Asexual form, posterior segments, X 70.
Fig. 71. Sexual form, posterior segments, x 70.
Fig. 72. Female, foot from 10th segment, x 20.
Fig. 73. Female, foot from 20th segment, x 20.
Fig. 74. Female, foot from 50th segment, x 20.
Fig. 75. Female, foot from 70th segment, x 20.

MARPHYSA SANGUINEA Quatr.
Page 236.
Fig. 76. Compound bidentate seta, not found in adult, x 450.
Fig. 77. Simple seta, few in young, numerous in adult, x 450.
Fig. 78. Compound seta, few in young, many in adult, x 400.
Fig. 79. Acicula of upper bundle of sete, x 450.
Fig. 80. Acicula of lower bundle, x 450.

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82.
83.

ix. 84.
. 85.
. 86.
87,
_ 88.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIL.

MARPHYSA SANGUINEA Quctr.
Page 236.
Series (c). Head and anterior segment, x 70.

Series (d). Head with short lateral antenne, 25.
Series (d). Head, x 35. i

DRILONEREIS LONGA 7. 8p.
Page 240.
Foot from middle of body, x 70.
Outline of feet from posterior third of the body, « 70.
Posterior foot, x 70.
Sete, X 230.
Jaw pieces, enlarged.

STAUROCEPHALUS SOCIABILIS 7. sp)

Page 243.

Figs. 89, 90, 91. Sete, x 750.

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.

TROPHONIA ARENOSA 2. Sp.

Page 245.

Transverse section of 16th segment, x 15.
Part of same segment, enlarged.

Dorsal papilla, x 130.

Dorsal seta from 16th segment, < 1380.
Ventral seta from 16th segment, x 1380.
Posterior ventral seta, x 130.

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Fig. 100.
Fig. 101,
Fig. 102.
Fig. 103.
Fig. 104.
Fig. 105.
Fig. 106.
Fig. 107.
Fig. 108.
Fig. 109.
Fig. 110.
Fig. 111.
Fig. 112.
Fig. 113.
Fig. 114.
Fig. 115.
Fig. 116.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII.

SPIOCHATOPTERUS OCULATUS X. Sp.
Pave 247.
Head and buccal segment, 70.
Dorsal ranius from middle region, x 70.
Dorsal ramus from posterior region, X 70.
a, b, c, d. Sete from anterior region, 230.
Peculiar seta of 4th setigerous segment, x 150.

NERINE HETEROPODA 2 Sp.
Page 249.

Head and anterior segments, * 15.
Foot from 7th segment, 20.
Foot from 21st segment, 20.
Foot from 25th segment, < 20.
Foot from 35th segment, 20.
Seta, dorsal and anterior ventral, 235.
Ventral seta, behind the 25th segment, & 235.
Seta with single margin, posterior ventral rami, x 235.

PoLYDORA HAMATA 2. 8p.

Page 251.
Capillary seta, dorsal, and anterior ventral rami, x 450.
Sete of 5th segment, upper series, x 450.
Seta sometimes found in lower series 5th segment, * 450
Anterior ventral seta, x 450.
Posterior ventral seta, x 450.
Dorsal hook of posterior segments, x 230.

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EXPLANATION OF PLATE IX.

PoLYDORA HAMATA 7. Sp.

Page 251.
Fig. 117. Long seta of posterior segments, < 450.
Fig. 118. Anal plates, X 26.

POLYDORA CCA 2. Sp.
Page 252.
Fig. 119. Long dorsal seta, X 450.
Fig. 120. Short dorsal seta, < 450.
Fig. 121. Sete of Sth segment, K 280.
Fig. 122. Bidentate ventral seta, x 450.

ARICIA RUBRA 2. 8p.
Page 253.
Fig. 123. Anterior ventral sete, x 450.
Fig. 124. Long ventral seta, & 450.
Fig. 125. ‘Transverse section of anterior segment, x 20.
Fig. 126. Transverse section of posterior segment, X 20.

ARICIDEA FRAGILIS 72. sp.
Page 255.
Fig. 127. Head and anterior segments, X 40.
Fig. 128. Transverse section of anterior segment, magnified.
Fig. 129. Transverse section of posterior branchiated segment, mag-
nified.

Fig. 130. Transverse section of non-branchiated segment, magnified.
Fig. 131. Dorsal seta, x 450.
Fig. 132, a,b. Ventral sete, x 450.

SABELLARIA VARIANS 7. sp.
Page 259.
Fig. 133. Opercular seta of outer series, X 70.
Fig. 184. Opercular seta of middle series, x 70.
Fig. 135. Opercular seta of inner series, X 70.
Fig. 136. Dorsal seta of 3d segment, X 280.

PlatelX.

H.EWebsier, Del

EXPLANATION OF PLATE X.

SABELLARIA VARIANS 7. sp.

Page 259.
Fig. 137. Dorsal seta of 4th and 5th segments, x 280.
Fig. 138. Dorsal uncinus, x 450.
Fig. 139. Ventral seta, outer half, x 450.

.

PECTINARIA (LAGIS) DUBIA 7. sp.
Page 261.
Fig. 140. Paleola, x 70.
Fig. 141. Dorsal seta, outer half, x 450.
Fig. 142. Geniculate dorsal seta, outer third, x 450.
Fig. 145. Ventral uncinus, x 450.
Fig. 144. Spinule of the scapha, < 230.

MELINNA MACULATA “i. 8p.
Page 261.
Fig. 145. Uncinus, x 450.
Fig. 146. Capillary seta, x 280.
Fig. 147. Spinula, x 130.

.

LYSILLA ALBA n. 8p.
Page 263.
Fig. 148. Seta, x 750.

POTAMILLA TORTUOSA 7. 8p.
Page 265.

Fig. 149. Long capillary seta from anterior segment, < 450.
Fig. 150. Short capillary seta from anterior segment, x 450.
Figs. 151, 152. Uncini from anterior segment, x 450.

Fig. 153. Capillary seta from posterior segment, x 450.

CABIRA INCERTA Ni. 8p.
Page 267.

Fig. 154. Head and anterior segments, dorsal view, X 70.

. Plate x.

Lianys.. Mbanetis., vA a

Del

Webster

a‘
ie ii me

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
ig. 163.

. 158.

159.
160.
161.
162.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI.

CABIRA INCERTA 7”, SD.
Page 267.
Head and anterior segments, ventral view, x 70.
Ventral hook, * 230.
a, b. Dorsal setze, x 450.

PHRONIA TARDIGRADA fi. sp.

Page 268.
Head and anterior segments, dorsal view, * 40.
Foot from 6th segment, dorsal view, & 115.
Foot from 6th segment, ventral view, x 115.
Foot from 300th segment, dorsal view, x 115.
Foot from 300th segment, ventral view, x 115.
Transverse section taken at the 300th segment, x 20.

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