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OF Till-.

ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES

<) V I'll I LA DEL I'll I A

Art. I. — On the Qhilojxxln <>/ Xorth America, with a catalogue of all tin specimens in the

Collection of flu Smithsonian Institution*

.By Horatio C. Wood, Jr.

The body among the Chilopoda is composed of a variable number of segments, each
of which is formed by the junction of two subsegments, one of them being very much
atrophied and without appendages. Each subsegment is divisible into a dorsal and
ventral portion ; the former comprising the scutum or dorsal shield and the superior
portion of the sides with the spiracles, the latter the sternum or ventral shield and
the inferior portion of the sides with the legs. The scutum is originally formed by
the conjunction of two central and two lateral pieces, the former we have called the
primitive scuta, the latter are the episcuta of Newport. The sternum is in like man-

* It will be seen that the principal portion of our material cosnists of the collection of the Smithsonian In-
stitution, which was placed at our disposal, in accordance with the liberal constitution of that Institution.
And we are especially indebted to Prof. Baird for many facilities afforded us by him. We would also acknow-
ledge our obligation to Samuel II. Scndder, Esq., of Cambridge, for the trouble incurred in sending the
specimens belonging to the Museum of Comparative Zoology, kindly loaned us by Prof. Agassiz.

We doubt not there are etill unknown species scattered throughout the country, specimens of which we have
been unable to obtain. We think that they will more especially be found among the Geophilida;. And if
Naturalists would send us suites from their own neighborhoods, we would be very happy to label and return
them, retaining duplicate specimens of forms unknown to us.

The West Indies, of course, are not included in our domain. Mexico forms geographically a portion of N-
America, but its fauna is much more closely allied to that of S. America.
VOL. v

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

tor muscles of the leois.

ner formed from four pieces — the primitive sternum (fig. 1, a) and episternum, (fig. 1, b.)

Fig. i. Close to the spiracles, and belonging

to the dorsal section, are two osseous
points, the rudiments of the parap-
tera, which attain to some imjx>rt-
ance among the Hexapoda. At the
insertion of the legs are several small
plates, the epimera (fig. 1, c.) They
afford points of origin to the retrac-
The posterior of the two subsegments forms the mass of the
segment ; but the scutum of the anterior is represented by- a raised band on the front
of the main scutum. The ventral portions of it are, however, much more distinct.
We will find a series of small plates anterior to the sternum representing two primi-
tive sterna (fig. 1, s) and episterna (fig. 1, e) as well as epimeral plates.

The legs contain each a coxa (fig. 1, d) a femur, b, a tibia, t, a tarsus, g, and meta-
tarsal joints, m, n. The coxae are generally small, except those of the posterior pair of
legs, which are often of immense size and are known as the lateral anal appendages.
Among the Cermatiida? and Lithobiidoe, however, they attain to a considerable size.
The metatarsal joints vary very much; in the genus Scolopendra there are but two to
each leg, whilst among the Cermatiidaa there are a great number.

The head in the Chilopoda is composed of eight subsegments consolidated into two
or more segments, as was first shown by Mr. Newport. The first segment is styled
the cephalic. It reaches its maximum size in the Cermatiida?, in which it is the most
prominent part of the body, supporting a pair of very large compound eyes and almost
completely concealing the strikingly atrophied basilar segment. Traces of the division
into the four subsegments, that existed during embryonic life, are occasionally met with,
especially among the Lithobiida), but the embryological labors of Mr. Newport have
shown conclusively that it is so formed ; to whose invaluable papers, in the XIX.
volume of the Linnasan Transactions, we would here acknowledge our indebtedness.
The head in the Scolopendridaa has, in addition to the cephalic segment, another one
of variable size ; this is the basilar. It is also found well developed in all the other
families except the Cermatiida?. Near its anterior border there is often found a deep
crescentic groove ; the portion separated by this from the main body, is called the
prebasilar fold or subsegment. In the genus Mecistocepbalus this subsegment is en-
tirely separated from the rest, its scutum existing as a small plate immediately poste-
rior to the cephalic, and is here called the prebasilar. In the other genera of the Geo-
philida? this is wanting, but there exists posteriorly another segment, answering to
the posterior portion of the basilar of the Scolopendrida?. It is the subbasilar of
Newport. The under surface of the head, comprising as it does the organs of

ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

nutrition, is much more complicated than the upper, and. in order to show the rela-
tiona of parts more clearly, we will first trace them out minutely in the genus Scolo-
pendra, where perhaps their analogy is must easily discovered.

On examining the under side of the head of a specimen of the genus Scolopendra,
we will find a band constituting the most anterior portion, with which the antenna'
partially articulate ; this band we take to be the anchylosed primitive -tenia and
episterna of the first cephalic Bubsegment, of which the antennae are the appendages.
Just posterior and inferior to the eyes, we will see what is apparently an inversion of
the cephalic scutum, but closer examination shows it to consist of two small plates,
the superior exterior, (fig. -. e,) uniting with the scutum by suture, the inferior

Fi2

rioi (fig. 2, A) approximating to the other plate; the
first of these is the atrophied episternum, the other the

primitive sternum <d' the second cephalic Bubsegment.
United with this stern nin by suture we will find posteriorly
a larger plate (fig. -.</) which articulate on its inner side
with another obliquely transverse plate, (b,) which also
is conjoined on its inner side by another, (c,) and that
too by another, ami finally in the centre there i< a small
tooth, as it were. These plates are respectively the
coxa, femur, tibia, tarsus, and the rudimentary metatar-
sal (the central tooth) of the atrophied and misplaced ap-
pendages of the second cephalic subsegment. Tin- tibia
and tarsus are generally anchylosed together, hut we
have seen them separate. Conjoined and posterior to the coxa of the second cephalic
subsegment we will find a large plate (a) articulating with the cephalic scutum by
suture; this we take to be the primitive sternum and episternum of thethird cephalic
subsegment atrophied and fused together; to it the true maxillae are articulated.
These consist each of. first an elongated crooked plate (the coxa) articulating with two
plates, the exterior of which (the femur) is armed with a, tubercle, as in the mandibles,
posterior legs, &c. ; the inner plate is the tibia; these two plates articulate at their
distal end with a third, the tarsus and metatarsus coalesccnt, but with the line of
their junction very apparent. The maxilla' we believe to be the appendages of
the third cephalic subsegment. Just anterior to the primitive sternum of the first, and
posterior to that of the third, are often found some small plates which we believe
to be epimeral. But the largest of the latter is probably the episternum FiS- 3-

of the fourth cephalic subsegment. which is scarcely to he found else-
where. Proceeding still posteriorly we come to the maxillary palpi,
(hi!. 3,) which are possessed each of a distinct femur, (/,) tibia, (.<,)
and tarsometatarsal joint, (m.) They are the appendages of the fourth cephalic sub-

8 ON THE UHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

segment, Between them are two small plates — the lingua — (fig. 3, 1) which we think
are the primitive sterna, not episterna, (as Mr. Newport believed,) of the fourth
cephalic subsegment, Posterior to the sterno-episternal plate of the third subsegment
is a subtriangular plate, one of the episterna of the first basilar subsegment ; interior
Fjs- 4- to this is a large irregularly four-sided one, forming a portion of the palpus,
(fig. 4, a ;) this is one of the primitive sterna of the first basilar subseg-
ment ; still within this is an elongated plate, (e,) the coxa of the palpus.
With these two- last the femur (b) of the palpus is articulated at its
proximate end, while to its distal end is fitted the tibia (x) and to it the
tarsus, (m.) The sterna and appendages of the second and third are
very much coalesced and difficult to distinguish clearly ; but we think that the dental
lamina are probably the appendages of the second basilar subsegment, the anterior
portion of the labium, which we have frequently seen separated by a suture, being
composed of the episterna and primitive sterna of the same subsegment. The mandibles
are probably the appendages of the third basilar subsegment, the posterior portion of
the labium being composed of the sterna of the same subsegment. Two plates, which
are bent round the sides of the posterior portion of the labium, we take to be the epi-
sterna. The sternal portions of the fourth basilar subsegment- are similar to those of the
segments of the body. Among the Lithobiidaa the structure of the under portion of
the head is almost identical with that described above.

Among the Geophilidae the parts of the mouth are so consolidated and confused
that it is impossible to recognize in the adult the original plan of construction and
development, On examining the under surface of the head of a Mecistocephalus, we
will find the labium very large, as are also the mandibles, while the maxillae are
apparently wanting, but the maxillary palpi are recognizable. Among the Cerma-
tiidas the labium is moderate, cleft in the middle, the two lateral halves being move-
able on one another, so as to form as it were an additional joint to the mandibles ;
otherwise enormously developed, especially as to length. The palpi are very long.
The maxillae and maxillary palpi well developed.

Fam. I. CERMATIID^, Leach.

Scuta dorsalia 8. Segmenta 16. Sterna 15. Scutorum stomata mediana. Pedes antennseque multi-

articulatce.

In the Cermatiidas the head is large, more or less truncate anteriorly, having its
surface rough and uneven. The eyes are compound and very prominent. The palpi
much elongate and spinous. The antennae very long and composed of a multitude of
joints. The mandibles are elongate and distant. The scuta (eight in number) are
rounded and deeply emarginate posteriorly, where they are furnished with a longi-
tudinal, slit-like orifice or stoma. Their surface is more or less roughened with minute

ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 9

tubercles or -pines. Their border is everted) and generally crenalate ami spinous.
Tin' legs are very long and serrated by parallel rows of spinulaa. They are also
furnished with rings, of long -lender spines, encircling the joints. Thesideshave nine
pairs of spiracles, — the openings into the tracheal vessels. The anal segment in the
female is elongate, and the external organs of generation are furnished with a pair of
forceps, replaced in the male by a pair of styliform appendages. The sterna (fifteen
in number) are small. It is very evident that the number of segments is fifteen, and
that each scutum, except the last, is formed ly the coalition of two neighboring ones.
The pattern of coloration is peculiar to this family ; it consists of longitudinal stripes
on the body and annuli en the appendages, (liven predominates. There has
as yet only one genus been found in this family, among which so great a unifor-
mity exists as to make the distinguishing of species a, task of considerable difficulty.

The color is probably a good specific character, but is seldom, if ever, preserved.
We have seen specimens of S. forceps changed almost immediately to green or blue,
or, more commonly, brighl purple, by alcohol.

All our descriptions of new species are drawn up from alcoholic specimens, and
therefore proper allowance should be made in estimating their accuracy as regards
Coloration.

Any anatomical characters are very obscure ; but Mr. Newport considers the pro-
portionate lengths of the metatarsal joints as constant, and we have found them so, as
far as our limited observations have gone.

The lengths of the antennas and posterior pair of legs, as compared with the body,
are also probably good characters, hut very liable to misinterpretation; for it is dilli-
cnlt. often impossible, to tell when the former are broken and when the latter are
imperfect, reproduced, appendages. Mr. Templeton, who first suggested these points,
al-o makes use of the si/.e of the marginal spines of the scuta in his descriptions. The
peculiarities of the surface of the scuta also appear to be good secondary characters.

Gen. 1. CERMATIA, UUger.

ut magnum. Oculi prominentia. Stomata dorsalia lateribus incrassata.
t, Lamarck, Anim. Sana \ i rtb.
Rafinesque, Annals of Nature.

C. forceps. — C. viridi-brunnea, fasciis tribus longitudinalibus saturate viridibus; capite dense minute
punctato, anticc breviter piloso, et linea depressa lonu'ituJinale mediana et ante oeulum utrinque altera
curvata, et altera tranversa inter oeulos, et postice depressione lata insculpto; antennis mandibulisque
ferrugineis; scutis dense minute puuetatis, spinulis nunierosis aspcratis, valde imbrieatis, angulis ro-
tundatis, marginibua elevatis sed tenuibus et "spinis quam in Ccrm. coleoptrata evidentioribus;"
lateribus plerumque rufescenti tinctis; femoribus singulo auuulo unico saturate viridi ; tibiis et tarsia
biannulatis; pedum pari postremo in mare corpore vix \ longiore (in femina bis longiore ;) articulo

3

10

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

metatarsal primo secundo fere quater longiore, sequcntibus quinque conjunctis fere sequali ; superficie

ventrali flavescente ; sternis medis canaliculars.
Selista forceps, llafincsque, Annals of Nature, 1st No., 1820, p. 7.
Cerm. coleoptrata, Say, Juurn. Acad. Nat. Sci., 1st series, ii.

" " Lucas.

" " vtr. Floridensis, Newp., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 95.

" Floridana, Newp., Linn. Trans, xix. p. 353.
Scutigera Floridana, Gerv , Apt. iv. p. 225, ct. Tall. Myriap. (Exp. dans L'Ameriquedu Sud part. Sept.)

In specimens preserved for some time in alcohol, all traces of the original color are
lost, the whole animal turning to a testaceous hue. The coloration of a very large
fresh female before me is as follows : —

General tint is a very light olive-brown ; median stripe is black, continuous, strongly
defined, and extending from between the eyes to the posterior border of the pe-
nultimate scutum, where it abruptly terminates. Lateral stripes are black, strongly
defined, interrupted, and extending from the eyes to the posterior border of the last
scutum. The interruptions are so arranged that most of the scuta present three
blotches on each side. Anterior portion of the head with two stripes converging
anteriorly to the median line. In front of these there is a sub-round marking pro-
longed anteriorly. Most of the femora are jn'ovided with a very incomplete greenish
black annulus, which is, however, complete on the last pair. Tibia and tarsi biannu-
lated. Dorsal stomata bordered with brilliant white.

Authorities differ as to the validity of this species. We have never seen C.
< ileoptrata, and therefore cannot offer an opinion.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

Catalogue
number.

Number of
Specimens.

Locality.

From whom
received.

By whom

collected. Length.

Remarks.

72

206
366

1

7
3

St. Louis.
Tamaulipas.
Washington, D.C.

Dr. Engelmann.
Lieut. L. Couch.

* Unc. 1

Unc. 1]
? Unc. 1

i

There are in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution the following foreign
specimens of this genus : —

C. clunifera, n. sp. — C. brunnea, robusta, maxima ; capite breve, antice breve piloso, linea lougitudi-
nalemedianaet utrinque altera indistincta curvata ante oeulum, et inter oculos unica transversa obsoleta,
insculpto, postiee marginibus elevatis et depressione lata ; mandibulis rnagnis, crassis ; scutis (postremo ex-
cepto) valde cariuatiset vix emargiuatis, spinulis numerosisasperatis, postiee tuberimagno, marginibus ele-
vatis, uudulatis, minute crenulatis; scuto prostremo medio canalicular, postiee valde emarginato; pedi-
bus robustis, artieulorum spinis modice brevibus, robustis; metatarsis pubescentibus, articulo primo
quinque sequentibus conjunctis fere sequale, his inter se fere requalibus ; sternis profunde canaliculars.

Color of the specimen is at present brown, of an obscure olivaceous tint. When
alive, it was probably more decidedly greenish. The tuberosities on the posterior

Where not stated the donor is believed to be the collector.

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. I]

p nitons of the scuta are a very light brown. The scutal stomata ani very large and
look upward, bul scarcely at all backward. But one of the antennaj is preserved; i|
appears to lie one and a half times the length of the body. Distal portion of the I
a rather bright ferruginous. The distal metatarsi are scarcely one-half the length of
the proximal. The rows of spines, that commonly serrate the legs in this genus, are
ind the metatarsal joints have none. The ventral surface is a very light
olive.

| 255 | 1 | Bong Kong. | North Pacific Expl. Exp. | Wm. Stimpson, M.D. | Unc. 1J. [

straba, n. Bp. — C. ferruginea, fascia medians unica indistincta; capite lato, minute dense punctato

odicibusqu pilosis, de lato et lines longitudinale medians et utrinque altera cur-

vata ante oeulum et altera transversa indistincta inter oculos iosculpto ; scutis spiuulis parvis asperatis,

minute dense punctatis, vix imbricatis, postice emarginatis, marginibus valde elevatis et spinosis etcre-

nulatis; pedibus ferrugineis, articulo metatarsali primo sequentibus septem conjunetis in loughs

tali.

As our specimen has been preserved for some time in alcohol, the original i
may have been lost. The very prominent eyes in this species contrast strangely with
the almost livid hue of the animal. The median fascia is rather lighter than the
remainder of the body, but is very indistinct. The posterior border of the scuta is
furnished with two small approximate gibbosities, and is of a lighter shade than the
remainder. The dorsal stomata look upwards aud a little backwards. Spines of the

mal articulations arc long and slender: those of tibio-tarsal not so long ; those sur-
rounding metatarsal very small. Distal portion of the leg pubescent. The spines
that serrate the numerous i th< It _■- ire uncommonly large and of a red color.

na furnished with the u.-ual central groove.

I 252 | 1 | Oahu. | X. Pacific Expl Exp. | W. Stimpson, M. D. | Unc. 1J. | |

C , n. sp. ? — C. dilute viridis, fascia media et altera utrinque saturatioribus ; capite breve, antice

. sulco medio longitudinale et altero transvewo inter oculos, et
utrinque altei linale curvato ante oeulum; mandibulis lutescentibus, spinis armatis, antennis

vix corpore longioribus ? ; seutis asperatis, vix subcarinatis, leviter imbricatis, postice emarginatis, minute
dense punctatis, tuargiuious valde elevatis sed tenuibus et vix aut spinosis aut crenulatis; pedibus (an-
ticis exceptis) saturate viridibus annulatis, pubescentibus, articulo metatarsali primo sequentibus ijua-
tuor conjunctis Lmiriore, secundo fere quater longiore; superiicie ventrali brunnea; sternis mediis
sulcatis, postiee leviter emarginatis.
Head marked very .similarly to (J. straba. Legs with the usual complement of
spines. The anterior apparently destitute of annuli, the posterior equalling if not
exceeding the antennas in length. Are the antenna1 broken in our specimen? The
femur is provided with one, rarely two, incomplete rings of dark green, the tibia and
ach with two complete annuli. The general color of the legs is a light yel-
lowish green, their distal extremity inclining to rufous. The scuta have the median
fascia better marked than the lateral, and are furnished posteriorly with two smooth

12 ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

but densely and minutely punctate, closely approximate, gibbosities. Tbe stomata
are so placed as to look upwards and backwards.

Whether tins is a new species or not we are unable to say. We certainly can dis-
cover scarcely any differences between it and similar alcoholic specimens of C. forceps.
And where it does differ, it appears to approximate to G. coleoptrata. We have given
a description of it to aid any one who may be more fortunate than ourselves in his
material.

| 253 | 1 [ Japan. | N. Pacific Expl. Exp. | W. Stiaipson, M. D. | unc. |. | |

C. tuberculata, ii. sp. — C. saturate viridis, obsoletissinie trifasciuta; capite brunneo, sicut in C. for-
ceps notato, antice piloso ; scutis tuberculis rainutissimis asperatis, utrinque tuberis duobus obscuris,
postice altero mediano dilute brunneo; marginibus postice rotundatis, minute crenulatis, rarissime spino-
sis ; scuto postremo parvissimo, vix asperato, baud eiuarginato; pedibus saturate viridibus annu-
laris, spinis gracillimis curvatis ; artieulo uietatarsali primo secundo fere quater longiore, et sequentibus
quatuor conjunctis fere requali.

Eyes very prominent. Ventral surface a light, slightly greenish, brown. Legs with
usual complement of spines, which are, however, more curved and slender than they
are commonly found. Antenmn apparently not quite twice as long as the body.
Femur with a single very dark complete annulus, tibia and tarsus with two each.
Metatarsal pubescent. Sterna with the usual median groove. The coloring of our
specimen is essentially different from that of C. forceps, from which it further differs
in the following particulars: Firstly, in the surface of the scuta; secondly, in the
spines on the legs ; thirdl}', in the proportions of metatarsa3.

| 254 | 1 | Hong Kong. | Nortb Pacific Expl. Exp. | W. Stimpson, M. D. | Uuc. i. | |

Fam. II. LITHOBIIDJE, Newp*

Scuta dorsa'.ia 15,' inrequalia. Pedum posteriorura coxae excavationibus in facie depressa. Antennae

elongate, setacese. Ocelli numerosi vel pauces.

The Lithobiida? have the head large and well armed. The antennae setaceous,
elongate. The eyes stemmatous. In two of the genera, they are small and numerous,
but in the third large and but two in number. The mandibular teeth are strong, very
acute, and probably provided with a poison gland at their base, although it has never
been anatomically demonstrated in this family, that we are aware of. The scuta are of
two kinds, — a large one alternating with a small one. The females have the anal
segment somewhat elongate inferiorly and provided with a pair of forceps on each side.
In the males these are replaced by a pair of minute styliform appendages. The
posterior coxa? have a plain depressed surface with indentations, or, as we have
called them, excavations on it. We have never seen a specimen of the type of the

* Linn. Trans, xix. p. 275.

ON THE Clin.iirnKA OF NORTH AMERICA.

13

genus Lithobius; but Mr. Newporl says, that in all Lis specimens of the family the
larger depressed surface is a deep elongate oval, whilst the smaller excavations are
transverse, oval and furrow-like. We find, among the American species of the Litho-
biida?, a group in which the larger surface is scarcely depressed, with the smaller
excavations round and almost punctiform. This we have indicated as a distinct
genus, with the name of Bothropolys.

The specific characters of the Lithobiid;v are derived from the number of ocelli, the
shape of the dental lamina with the number of teeth, the shape, color and structure
of the scuta, &c. The number of the ''yes in the adult is fixed within narrow limits
for each species. But when the young Lithobiid emerges from the pig. 5.

.it possesses hut a single pair of eyes, besides wanting some
of its segments. In the genus Hcnicops, (no! yet discovered in
this country,) the single pair of ocelli remain as a permanent cha-
racter: but in the other genera the number of eyes are gradually
increased until adult life. Mr. New port seems to think the number of labial teeth a
good specific character, but we have found it to vary considerably.

Gen. 1. LITHOBIUS, Leach."

Antennoe multiartioulatse. Caput latum, complaoatum. Labium aotioe dentioulatum, medium sulcatum,

emarginatum. Coxae excavationibus magnis, ovatis, serie ud!co in facie d ; 1 a dispositis. (Fii.r. 5.)
L. MULTlDENTATi s, .\<w]). — L. brun m us . Begtnento cephalico margine postioo clcvato ; anteiiDis elongatis,
spai subsegmeuto impunctato; la minis dentalibus d is tin ids, margine antics fere recto, angiitis

externis anticis ?ix subproductis, denticulis 12 — I'.t aruoatis; ocellis utrim|ue 32 — ."7; scutorura anti-
corum marginibus et posticis ct latcralibus Bed scutorum posticorum lateralibus solum elevatis.
L. m 'tis, Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 365; fatal, lirit. Mus. Myriapoda, p. 17.

L. multidentatut, P. Gervaie, Aptercs, iv. p. 236; et Tab!, des Mjriap. (Exp. dans L'Amerique du Sud

part. Bept. | p

This species is very similar to Bothropolys nobilis. Indeed the only specific differences
noticeable are that this species attains a rather larger size, and lias the anterior margin
of the dental lamina straighter, \\ ith the anterior external angle scarcely subproduced.
The geographical distribution appears to be identical. Our Arkansas specimen differs
slightly from the others, having the external anterior angle of the dental lamina
slightly subproduced. The Texan individual has but twenty-six pairs of eyes, but is
probably the young of the species.

'onging to the Smithsonian Institution.

345

10

South Illinois.

R. Kennicott.

Lin. 10— 1G

271

• i

St. Louis, Missouri.

1 ». < leo. Kn^elmann.

'• 10—12

2g2

■>

Co., Illinois.

H. Kennicott.

« 11—13

277

1

It Towson, Red Riv< r. Ark.

Dr. L. A. Edwards, U.S.A.

.. jo

275

1

En route from N. Orleans to
Galveston.

!■'.. B. Andrews.

" 9

*Linn. Trans, xi. p. 381.

14 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

L. Americanus, Ncwp. — •" L. ferruginous, capite magno subquadrato margine postico elcvato ; subsegmcnto
antennali sparse profunde punctato, antennis pubescentibus, ocellis nigris utrinque 25 — 2G, labio coni-
planato, polito, margine fere recto: deuticulis 10, parvis, nigris, subapproximatis, scutis dorsalibus
laevibus, convexis, subquadratis postice rectis; seginento pr;canali piloso, pedibus validis flavis spinis
validis armatis."
Ij. Americanus, Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 305; Catalogue of British Museum, (Myriapoda,) p. 17.
L. Americanus, P. Gervais, Apteres, iv. p. 236; et Tabl. des Myriap. (Exp. Ameriquc du Sud,) p. 21).
?L. spinipes, Say, Journ. A. N. S. 1st series, vol. ii. p. 1U8 ; et in Q<]uvr. Entom. Ed. M. A. Gory, 1, p. 21.
?L. spinipes, Lucas, Hist. Nat. Aninj. Art. iv. p. 543.

In the Smithsonian individual that we refer to this species, the anterior scuta have
the posterior margin raised with the angles rounded; whilst in the posterior scuta the
lateral margins are alone thickened, and in the smaller scuta the angles are produced
and acute. The sterna and head are punctate. The preanal segment is not hairy.
A specimen from Massachusetts, belonging to the Museum of Comparative Zoology,
agrees with the former very well, with the exception that the posterior margin of the
posterior scuta is more curvilinear, thus differing more from Mr. Newport's descrip-
tion.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
341 | 1 | Between Pike Lake and Ft. Union. J Gov. I. I. Stevens. | Lt. Grocer, U. S. A. | Liu. 11. |

L. PATJCIDENS, n. sp. — L. ferruginous, pedibus flavis; segmento-cephalico polito, postice margine elevato ;
antennis elongatis, pilosis, subsegmcnto impunctato; laminis dentalibus indistinctis, singula denticulis
duobus valde sejunctis armata; ocelloram paribus 17; scutis alternis majoribus politis, vix asperatis,
margine postico fere recto; scutis alternis minoribus margine postico recto et angulis externis pro-
duetis; coxse excavationibus parvis, vix ovalis; segmento prseanali baud piloso.

The color of the only adult specimen that we have seen approaches an orange.
The mandibles are rather large. The dental lamina are almost wanting, their margin
somewhat rounded and armed each with two acute widely separated teeth. The
color of the three or four posterior sterna is darker than that of the rest of the body.
The excavations of the posterior coxae are small, few and nearly round. The feet are
yellowish, hairy, and with well developed articular spines.

300
343

Fort Tejon, Cal.
?St. Louis, Mo.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

Locality probably incorrect.

J. Xantus deVesey. | Lin. 6 — 13

?Dr. Geo. Eugelmann. " 12

L. planus, Newp. — "L. ferrugineo-variegatus, capite magno subquadrato polito postice ad marginem elevato
incrassato, antennis brevibus pubescentibus ocellis utrinque 23, labio, polito, pilis raris; laminis den-
talibus lunatis angulis externis antice elongatis profunde emarginatis; denticulis 14 acutis, nigris,
scutis dorsalibus complanatis rugosis margiuis elevatis, pedibus nudis spinis articularibus parvis."
Species mihi ignota.

L. planus, Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 36G; Catalogue of British Museum, (Myriapoda,) p. 18.

L. planus, P. Gervais., Apt. iv. p. 230; et Tabl. des Myriap. (Exp. Amer. du Sud, part. Sept.) p. 20.

ii\ THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

15

Gen. 2. BOTHROPOLYS,* (n.g.)

Antennae multiarticulatae. Caput latum. Ocelli numerosi. Labium anticc 1 ratieulatum, medio sulcatum,
emarginatum. Coxaruui excavationcs, parvi, fere rotundi punctiformesque, in - :rii bus 3 — I dispositre.
(Fig. 6.)

11. N obi lis, d. >\>- — 1!. brum mento cepbLilico postice margine elevato; antennis elongatis, sparse

pilosis, subsegmento impunctato, articulis basalibus I loDgitudine fere Eequalibus; laminis dentalibus
distinctis, margine antioo subrotundato, angulis aoticis externis subproductis, denticulis 12 — 19; ocellis
utrinque 32 — 37 ; scutorum anticorum margioibus et pustkis el lateralibus elevatis sed scutorum posti
coruui lateralibus solum.

The anterior scuta have their posterior m irg'tns almost straight and elevated. The
labial teeth are generally large and acute, but rarely coadnate. The
number of pairs of eyes appears to vary, even in the adult, from 32 —
7 : perhaps 35 is the most common number. The feet are in most
individuals of the same color as the body, but they are occasionally
yellow. The posterior portions of the sterna areoften furnished with
stiff hairs. The articular spines are of moderate size. To show the
variations in number of the labial teeth, we append the following list of the numbers
in one lot from South Illinois: —

6 specimens with 14 teeth each,
•• L3 " ':

1 specimen " 19 " "

I .. .. 15 .. u

The geographical range of this species is extensive. We have found it around
Philadelphia; and it is in the Smithsonian collection, from Illinois and Missouri.

/ /■> Smithsonian Institution.

12 | S >nta Illinois.
1 St. Louis, Mo

R. Kennii

Dr. Eogelmann.

Lin. 8—12.

" 7 — 11.

II. Xanti. ii. sp — B. brunneus, segincnto cepbalico polito aurantiaco, margine postico elevato; antennis
pilosis; ocellis utrinque Is; laminis dentalibus margine antico rotundato, denticulis 16 — 18, nigri.s,
acutis; scutis valde asperatis, alternis majoribus | dde emarginatis, — alternis minoribus margite

pi -tico fere recto sed angulis posticis acutis et valde prudu

The head is rather large, with a curved suture running transversely from one set
icelli to the other, having its convexity directed posteriorly. The first scuta
approximates the head in color, has its posterior margin strongly raised, and is only
slightly roughened. The other large scuta are very rough, with (sometimes indistinct
but generally well marked) ruga', converging towards the median line anteriorly.
The last scuta is, however, without rugae, and but slightly roughened. It is much
narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly, and somewhat elongate. Preanal sterna almost
circular, with two lateral curved impressions and a central shorter straight one, which

, fovea ; a-cXire, multus.

10 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

are probably the remains of the sutures between the plates of which it was composed
during embryonic life. The articular spines are rather strong. The smallest specimen
has only twelve pairs of eyes. It affords us great pleasure to dedicate this species to
Mr. Xantus, through whose " exhaustive collections " the rich fauna, of what has been
a veritable "terra incognita," is being rapidly developed. Owing to mutilation, it is
impossible to say with certainty that our specimen from Oregon belongs to this species;
but from the extensive geographical range of the species east of the Rocky Mountains,
we should infer that it did.

Specimens belonging to Smithsonian Institution.

346

280

Ft. Tejon, Cal
Oregon.

J. Xautus do Vesey.
?

Lin. S— 10.

A doubtful spec, owing to
mutilation.

B. BiruNCTATUS, n. sp. — B. brunneus, segmcnto cephah'co polito margine postico elevato; labio et sparse
profunde et dense minute punctata; ocellis utrinque 18; antenuis punetatis, sparse pilosis, laminis
dentalibus brevibus, latis, denticulis nigris aeutis 18 armatis, margine subrotundato; scutis alternis
majoribus capite simillime punetatis, politia, vix asperatis, postice emarginatis. scutis alternis minoribus
postiee margine recto et angulis haud productis; sternis politis; pedibus punetatis, subrobustis.

The head is of moderate size, with the posterior margin slightly emarginate and
not elevated in the centre. The larger scuta are not deeply emarginate, but somewhat
roughened, with a suture on each side ; the anterior portion of the latter is longitudinal,
but the posterior transverse. The transverse suture, running from one set of eyes to
the other, is not as well marked as in Xanti. Posterior scuta rather deeply emargi-
nate behind. Preanal sterna not as circular as in Xanti, but with the same markings.

Specimen belonging to Smithsonian Institution.
67 | 1 | West of Rocky Mountains. | Gov. I. I. Stevens. | Dr. Geo. Suckley, U. S. A. | Lin. 10. |

Gen. 3. HENICOPS, Neivp*

" Caput latum, depressum, oecllo magno utiinque unico. Labium lamelliforme."

Not as yet found in North America.

Fam. III. SCOLOPENDRELLID.E, Newp.f

" Corpus pedesque breves, appeudicibus styliformibus. Segmenta ina?qualia ; scutis dersalibus imbricatis.

Antenna? elongatre, articulis ultra 16."

This family is not known to be represented in America, and we have never seen
a member of it. The diagnosis above is that of Newport.

Gen. 1. SCOLOPENDRELLA, Gervais.||

" Antennas moniliformes, pilosse. Corpus e segmentis 14. Pedum paria 12. Caput depressum segmento

basilari brevissimo.''

*Linn. Trans, xix. p. 372. f Linn. Trans, six. ]>. 275.

I Although this family, ami various genera described elsewhere, are hardly entitled to a place in this paper,
we have thought it best to give their diagnoses, in order that in case representatives of them shall be found in
this country, the observer may, without difficulty, recognize to which genus his specimen belongs.

|| Comptes Eendus de l'Acad. des Sciences.

ON THE CIIILOrODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 17

Fan.. IV. SCOLOPEXDRID.E, Leach.*
- menta podophora 21 — 23. Oculi pauees vel nulli. Pedes postremi inorassatee plerumque spinosi.

In this family the principal generic characters arc founded upon the number of
menta of the body, the shape of the head, the number and form of the spiracle-.
the absence or presence of eyes, and the form of the terminal segment an 1
its appendages. In some eases the number of joints of the antennae seems to be ;i
constant generic Buhcharacter. In the large genus Scolopendra — the Titans of the
Myriapoda — the principal specific characters are founded upon, first, the number of
segments to the antennae; secondly, the number and arrangementof the labial teeth;
thirdly, the peculiarities of the posterior feet ; fourthly, the shape and comparative

of the head. We have no doubt that the number of joints to the antennae is
fixed for most species, but it serves more generally to distinguish groups than
yet it occasionally is the most reliable character separating closely
allied forms. Unfortunately it must be used with great caution in the identification
of individuals, for, owing to the ease with which portions of the antenna' are lost,
the want of a certain number is a very indefinite negative character. After de-
taching a few of the distal joints, no trace of their former presence is left. For
the same reason much caution is also necessary in assigning the number in a de-
scription. M. Saussure has found so much variation in this character that he considers
it worthless. It is possible that it may vary in certain species; hut the differences
generally consist in then- being too few joints, which, as we have shown above, is to
he looked for. and reproduced antenna' probably have occasionally an abnormally

t number of very small ones. The number and arrangement of the labial teeth
are a good character, hut there i- often an agreement between distinct forms, ai d on
examining large suites of individuals, we have found more variance in t.< same
ies than our reading would lead us to look fir. The posterior legs furnish the
best criteria in the distinguishing of species. Most species have peculiarities either
in the shape or relative size of the joints, or in the number or arrangement of ies
on them. In order to Bhow the amount of constancy that these charactei -s,

we have drawn up a series of tables, which may aid in establishing their value. The
color, we think, is not to he depended upon, although Mr. Newport si cms to attach
some importance to it. In the preservation of specimens it is \<-ry liable to be altered
or destroyed ; besides this fact, our studies of these animals, both in museums and. to
a limited extent, in the Tropics, lead us to the opinion that the color varies exceed-
ingly, even during life. Size is often a good distinguishing character of a species.
although scarcely available for the identification of an individual.

If we consider a species as the expression of a preconceived idea, there must be, as
it were, a type of every species around which the individuals cluster, restrained from
departing beyond a certain limit from the central nucleus. We can see then how

* Linn. Trans, xi.
5

18 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

there may be species perfectly distinct, but the individuals of which may so approxi-
mate that there may be difficulty in placing some of them. Does the mere difficulty
or impossibility of placing an individual necessarily invalidate the claims of the
species? The moss Leucobryum glaucum, Hampe, is acknowledged by all botanists
(we believe) as distinct from L. minus, Hampe, the most tangible difference being that
the former fruits in October, the latter in May. Now we have found fruiting speci-
mens in April, which are undoubtedly referable to L. glaucum; but had they been
found a month or two later, would any botanist have hesitated in labelling them L.
■minus? Indeed, one of the best American authorities told us, that had we so found
our specimen, he would have pronounced it to be L. minus.

In the other genera of the Scolopendridoa the specific characters are pretty much
the same as in the true Scolopendra. But some characters specific in the latter, else-
where become generic subcharacters.

Subfam. I. SCOLOPENDMNyE, Newp*

Spiracula valvularia in paribus 9.

Gen. 1.' SCOLOPENDRA, Linn.
Segmentum cepbalicum imbrieatum. Oeuli stemmatosi, utrinque4. Antenna; attenuate. Pedum paria21.

S. HEROS, Girard. — S. testacea, segmento cepbalico subovato, minute punctato ; antennis 25 articulatis ; dente
mandibulari producto, gracile ; dentibus labialibus 8 — 10, duobus intimis utrinque plerumque coadu-
natis ; pedibus plerumque luteolis; paris postremi articulo basali, intus 5 — 7 spinis,f subtus 7 — 10 spinis
in serie triplici dispositis, processu angulari 3 — 10 spinis ; appendicibus analibus lateralibus elongatis
minute profunde punctatis, spinis apicalibus utrinque 5 — 7-et altero marginali.
S. lieros, Girard, Marcy's Report of Explorations on tbe Red River, p. 272, pi. xviii.
Yar. Castaneiceps, Wood, I'roc. A. N. S. 1801, p. 11.
S. yiridis, capite antennisque rubro-eastaneis; pedibus plerumque luteolis interdum viridibus, paris postremi
articulis basalibus saturate viridibus.

Prebasilar fold connate with the basilar segment, the suture generally, however,
well marked, existing as a deep groove. Cephalic segment slightly emarginate be-
tween the antennae. Labial teeth from 8 — 10 in number; there will sometimes be
four on one side and five on the other, the external tooth apparently being the missing
one. Antenna; 2-">-jointed. Out of nearly a hundred specimens that we have examined,
only two or three had one or two supernumerary joints developed. Scuta polished,
generally minutely and sparsely punctate, often obscurely bicarinate, the posterior
with their lateral margins elevated. Last pair of legs rather robust, with the basal
joint longer than the tibial. Scuto-episcutal sutures apparent, the sterno-episternal
very well marked. We have seen a number of specimens from Alabama and Georgia
in the cabinet of the Museum of Comparative Zoology.

* Linn. Trans, vol. six. p. M77.

f When giving the spines on the inner edge of a leg. we do not (as some do) include those on the terminal
angular process, which arc afterwards given separately.

ON THE CIIILOrODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

19

1
-

■—
0

on inner
)f basilar
iflaet pair
s.

on under
:e of basi-
urface of
ilirof legs.

e l.

§1

o. -

B
V

to

a
—

—

V

1.

o

on inner
uf basilar

s.

on under
;e of basi-
urface of
liroflegs.

■- ©

■~ —

a- i*

pines on
anal ap-
pendages.

at c
= =

Is

3

as

w ~ ~ Si

3<S

C b b ,

'5. 3 j2 5

CO

CO S

w e! _:

- CJ o> 1

■i

— w

= 5

[3

c;
►J

a * c a
a«.°o

S *- u «

5. e « o

CO

<

A|.l

cal.

Mar-
ginal.

cal.

M:u -
*inal.

f4

6

2 3 3

8

5

1

'6

0

2 6 3

8

9

319

6

2 :; :;

6

7

1

4

9

3 5 3

6

8

1

8

3 3 3

7

6

0

:;

7

3 4 3

8

7

I

8

_' 3 3

0

6

1

3

7

2 4 ::

7

8

5

leg want

G

V

4

8

2 4 3

8

9

107

ing.

4

9

3 4 3

7

8

I

4

3 4 2

11

5

1

4

6

:: I ::

6

7

1

G

2 3

6

6

0

98

(

7

2 3 3

<i

10

1

G

" 2 2

6

5

0

-

4

9

3 4 3

3

6

4

6

2 I -

7

6

1

4

8

3 4 1

3

5

5

5

2 4 3

7

ii

]

1

7

2 1 1

8

7

322

5

6

2 4 ::

7

G

1

4

s

2 4 4

G

0

-

5

6

2 2

7

4

ii

2 4 3

8

8

5

5

3 1 3

G

6

1

4

7

3 4 3

6

8

5

7

3 4 ::

6

5

1

5

5

3 3 3

5

8

G

1 3 3

6

6

1

.4

y

111

?

8

6

2 :: •-'

6

'i

1

4

8

2 4 3

6

7

*3

6

3 4 3

7

7

1

■

5

7

2 4 3

8

3C

1

6

3 1 3

7

5

0

17U

,4

8

2 4 2

8

5

7

2 1 ::

G

5

1

I

7

2 :; :;

8

,4

5

2 :; ::

6

5

1

150

1

5

2 5 3

G

7

'4

6

3 3 3

7

(l

J

1

.">

2 5 •".

8

7

I

6

2 1 3

7

7

0

Type

5

5

2 4 3

5

5

1

6

2

5

6

2

l.Uiei-

l

5

2 4 :;

5

7

180

-

1

c>

2 3 3

4

6

::

ii

3 3 3

6

G

1

7

1 2 3

11

8

1

5

6

2 1 3

;.

8

■1

7

2 3 2

7

7

1

62

s!

7

:; 3 ::

g

5

>

6

2 3 3

6

5

1

'

ii

3 3 :i

5

5

10J

a r
duced leg.

5

1

38

\i

6

7

3 1 ::
3 3 4

7
8

6
6

1

3 2 2

2

4

0

!

1

leg want-

4

♦313

a repro

3

ii

130

-

ing.

duced leg

G

4 14 2

4

5

1

ft

6

8

4

5

2

about 25

9

4

6

2 4 3

G

6

4

6

2 :; ::

6

8

4

ii

2 4 3

G

8

3

6

2 4 ::

7

8

290

1

ii

2 I ::

9

5

1

6

2 4 3

8

8

4

7

2 4 3

8

5

4

7

2 4 3

7

8

5

7

2 3 1

7

8

5

8

3 i ::

G

9

i

i

2 4 3

0

6

107

4

7

6

duced leg.

\4

a repro-

5

?

? ? ?

?

8

94

duced leg.

4

9

2 3 2

9

8

1 1

6

3 3 3

G

5

+
+

1

1 ? ?

f?

8

6

2 3 3

7

8

(4

12

|| 3 3 3

7

5

4

?

11''.

■>

9

i

4

11

4 3 2 2

8

6

4

7

2 4 3

8

9

2 H

4

6

2 4 3

6

G

1 5

6

3 4 3

4

7

4

5

22:;

7

7

11::

4

?

? ? ?

V

7

5

6

2 4 3

8

7

|4

4

2 2 1

G

?

5

7

2 3 4

i 4

6

14

?

'.' ■'. ■'.

V

6

1

■ I his is probably a very yonng individual of this species.
t The last legs of this specimen are evidently a reproduced pair.
J Apparently a reproduced pair of dental lamina, as the teeth are not developed.
The -pines on this individual are smaller than common. It is a curious variation.

20

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

197

1

315

8

317

1

36

2

103

1

290

::

101

1

180

3

30

1

150

98

11

107

8

66

1

29

4

318

2

319

2

201

3

142

3

233

1

320

1

322

5

324

4

170

1

42

3

38

1

62

1

94

1

124

1

234

1

325

5

150

1

327

2

130

I

328

1

331

1

113

1

314

1

315

1

Brownsville, Texas, 1853.

Ringgold Barracks.

Western Texas.

Northern Texas.

Texas.

Fort Bliss, New Mexico.

West of San Antonio.

New Weid, Texas.

Fort McKavit, Texas,

Red River, Ark.

Eagle Pass.

Fort Chadbourne, Texas.

Matamoras, Tamaulipaa,

Eagle Pass.

Monterey, New Leon.

Sonora and Chihuahua.

Fort Towson, Red River, Ark.

New Orleans to Galveston.

Ilermes. Sonora.

Chihuahua Trip.

Bet. San Antonio and El Paso.

New Brunfels, Texas.

Fort Smith, Ark,

Red River, Ark.

Santa Fe.

Fort McKavit.

Southeastern Texas.

Fort Buchanan, Arizona.

Near 38° L.

?Texas.

Fort Mason, Texas.

Calcasieu Pass. La,

Ringgold Barracks.

En route from N. O. to Galveston.

Lieut. Couch, U. S. A.

?

S. Hayes.

Dr. Jones.

Dr. S. W. Crawford, TT. S. A.

R. G.

Prof. Ervendberg.

Capt. Plummer.

Cipt. Marcy.

R. G. Scho'tt.

Dr. Swift.

Lieut. Couch, U. S. A.

R. G. Schott.

Lt. Couch, U. S. A.

Major W. H. Emory, U. S. A.

Dr. L. A. Edwards, U.S.A.

E. B. Andrews.
Or. T. If. Webb.
Dr. T. H. Webb.
T. D. Graham.
Mr. Lindheimer.
Mr. Sluimard.
Capt Marcy.
Mr. Howard.
Dr. W. H. Anderson.

Dr. Irvin.

Lt.E. G. Beckwith, II. S.A.

Major ,1. II. Thomas.
G. Wurdeman.
R. G. Schott.
E. B. Andrews.

R. Schott.

A. Schott.

Unc

5J

Labelled by Mr. Girard.

a

4-

-5 J

Var. Castaneiceps Wood.

"

6

Var. Castaneiceps "

it

4}

Var. Castaneiceps "

11

45

V&T. Castaneiceps. "

"

45-

-H

Var. Castaneiceps. "

If

4,1

Vat. Castaneiceps. "

It

H-

-6~

ft
ft

5|

it

n-

-H

t(

H-

4

k

3-

-H

Labelled by Mr. Girard.

tt

3*-

-4

it

H-

-5',

tt

4-

-H

a

H-

-4'i

4

-43

i<

4-

Not well marked Var

Castaneiceps,

it

it

1|-

-n

Var. Castaneiceps.

[(

4-

it

4J

ct

4

Labelled by Mr. Girard

If

5

Var. Castaneiceps.

fl

4

Labelled by Mr.Girard

If

4

tf

43-

-"{

1(

H

Var. Castaneiceps.

it

H

.(

3J

"

4

Var. Castaneiceps.

It

5

Var. Castaneiceps.

ft
ft

H-

-5

4',

If

n

S. polymorpiia, Wood. — S. olivaceo brunnea, capite dilute castaneo ; segmento ceplialico subovato, postice
subtrunoato fere impunctato, antennis oOarticulatis; dente mandibulari tuberculo basali magno; dentibus
labialibus 8 maximis, duobus intiniis utrinque coadunatis, externis sejunctis; scutis interdum margine
posteriore nigro-viride, niarginibus lateralibus pleruraque liberis ; pedibus postremis robustis, supra
subcotnplanatis; articulo basali, et medio subdepresso, intus 3 — 7 spinis, subtus 10 — 18 spinis in serie
quadruplici (interdum inordinatim) dispositis, processu angulari aut bifido aut trifido aut quadrifido;
appendicibus analibus lateralibus singula 4 — 8 spinis apicalibus et altera marginali.
S. pohjmorpha, Wood, Proc. A. N. S. 1861, p. 11.

The prebasilar fold is apparent but connate with the rather large basilar segment.
The first segment of the body is very small; the scuto-episcutal suture barely trace-
able, but the sterno-epistermal much more distinct. In a few individuals the labial
teeth are small and coadnate. The color shades off from that given above to a tes-
taceous chestnut. This species is alosely allied to S. hero*, and perhaps a differential
diagnosis would not be amiss. The most important difference is in the number of
joints to the antenna). Owing to the ease with which these animajs lose portions of
these organs, the want of the typical number is not to be relied on in the identification
of individuals. Another character which also is often not available for individual
identification, but which characterizes this species, is the small size attained to. The

ON THE CII1LOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

21

^

\

<r

spines of the lower surface, of basal articulations of las! pair of legs, are more nume-
rous than in S. heros, and arranged in four rows instead of three. The difference in
arrangement is, perhaps, more apparent than real; the bomologue of the first row of
spines existing in some specimens of S. heros, but being placed a little higher up,
they are thrown with those on the inner side of the limb. The angular process has
fewer spines than in S. heros. Finally, a glance at the tables will show that, though
the species exist on common ground, yet that heros is a more tropical and 'polymorpha
a more boreal animal.

Table showing the variations ■ ific characters.

-

CO

z a

tl

1-

X

V

a
ad

.spines on inner

side of basal
joint ol
pair of II

Spines on lower
surface of ba-
sal joint of last

i of legs.

on inter-
nal angular
proi •

c

o _

■T.~

3 =

u
n

-

5 =

i E

%"-

-

Spines on inner

joint of last
[mir of Ii

Spines on lower
surface of ba-
sal joint i
pair of legs.

Spines on inter-
nal angular
process.

■- £

i w

s to

__ «

3 "g

£ o

a a.

12

=:
►J

cal.

OS

Api-
cal.

Mar-
ginal

1

4

2 2 4 1 4*

3

8

i \

1

4

2 3 I 3 1

1

6

1

\

-I.

4

5

2 3 1 4 :;

0

'I

i

i 1

4

3

2 1 :; :; 1

:;

6

1

te

1

5

1 3 3 3

2

6

o /

1

:;

■ : 1 :;

1

5

2

<

4

5

2 :; 3

2

G

0 /

4

■ :; :: :;

3

G

0

IM

1

6

1 :;

3

1 1

4

4

2 :; l 3

3

7

1

3

4

5

3 3 I 3

j

8

1

1

5

3 :: 1 3

1

7

0

"3

1

6
5

2 1 2 4 1
2 12 3 3

1
4

6
3

"V
2

1

■

5

3 :: 1 :;
:; :; 5 ;;

4
5

6
6

0

1

\

a

-">

5

2 3 3 2

4

8

1 |

4

5

1 2 5 1

:;

7

1

1

4

2 3 3 2

.".

7

1 '

4

5

1 :; 5 1 1

5

i

1

4

5

2 3 1 1 2

5

5

0

1

7

2 2 2 1 2

ii

6

1

01

i

5

I 3

4

ii

2

1

6

1 2 _

4

ii

1

P.

:;

5

3 2 1 3

4

6

0

t

ii

2 4 4 4

4

7

1

E-i
•210

2

5

2 3 3 1 3

*

5

1 ,

1

V

'.' ? ? ?

?

7

1

-8

.">
11

'.' 1 3 5 3

2 1

2 3 4 3 2

'! '.' ?

3

i

•">
0
0

1

1
1
1

4

4

!

6
5
6
5

3 '.'4 4 4

.; 5
:; 15 4 1
3 1 5 4

5

I
4

1

G
5
G
6

1
1
1
1

242

I

1

::

2 2 1

4 3 1 3

4
3

7
7

1

1

1

4

6

7

3 3 5 i

J :; 1 I :;

1
2

7
8

1

1

4

6

2 2 1 3

4

6

1

1

5

:; :; 5 4

4

8

1

L35

4
4

5

G

2 ::

2 1 2 1 1

1
1

4
7

1

1

227

-

1
4

10

5

:; i 3 ::
3 2 :; I :;

6
2

7
6

1
1

4

5

I :: 5 1 4

4

6

1

4

5

5 ■;

2

8

1

334

1
4

7
5

:; 2 :: 2 1
13 4 3

4

4

6
5

1
1

1

7
4

:; 3 5 5
3 4 4 4

4
4

8

7

0
0

■ ii ns 6i longing la tht

135

2

5

210

1

1

221

4

■J 4'.'

1

337

1

339

2

342

2

338

1

211

5

Aripc Trip.

Fort Riley, Kansas.

Fori Buchanan, Arizona.
Fort Riley, Kan- -
Fori M \ :is.

Sonora and Chihuahua.

9

Fort Buchanan, Arzona.
Santa Fe.
?Santa Cruz.

Dr. T. II. Webb.
1 »r. i Irabatn.
Mr. Bravat.

Dr. Irvin.
II. Brandt.
Capt. Plummer.
Major W. H. Emory.
1

Dr. Irvin.
Mr. Howard.
Dr. Webb.

r/nc. 29

" 92

- i

-3
-3|

3

3J— 3 ,:

4
2J

* The

fraction

tAre

Locality undoubtedly mistaken.

typical number of rows is four. The variations from this arc caused by some of the spines being a
of a line from their normal position ; they generally may be placed in four crooked rows,
the hinu legs with the anal appendages the original ones, or arc they reproduced?

G

22

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

S. viridis, Say. — S. viridi-brunnea; segmento cephalico late ovato, sparse leviter punetato ; pedibus flavis ;
antennis 23 articulatis, plerumque haud pubescentibus ; dentibus labialibus 8, duobus intiinis utrin-
que arete coadunatis, externo aeuto, sejuncto ; lauiinis dentalibus elongatis ; pedibus prostremis sub-
cylindricis, rnodice robustis; articulo basali tibiali longiore, supra subconvexo, margine haud elevato,
intus 2 — 5 spinis, subtus 7 — 12 spinis in serie vel triplici vel quadruplici dispositis, processu angulari
1 — 2 spinis; appendicibus analibus lateralibus profunde densequo punctatis, iuterduni elongatis, sin-
gula spinis apicalibus 2 — 5, et interdum altero marginale armata.

S. viridis, Say, Proc. A. N. S. 1821, p. 110 ; (Euvr. Entom. Ed. Lequien t. i. p. 23.

S. punctiventris, Newp., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 100; Linn. Trans, six. p. 386; Catal. Brit.
Mus. Myriap. p. 33.

S. punctiventris, P. Gervais, Apteres t. iv. p. 277.

S. viridis, P. Gervais, Apteres t. iv. p. 277 ; et Tabl. des Myriap. (Exp. Amer. du Sud, part, sept.) p. 30.

S.parva, Wood, Proc. A. N. S. 1801, p. 10.

The antennas are generally, but not invariably, without pubescence. The first seg-
ment of the body is the smallest, the third the next. The sutures between the true
sterna and episterna are well marked, those between scuta and episcuta barely trace-
able. The cephalic segment is slightly depressed. The dental lamina have their
margins rounded in some specimens. The scuta are frequently bordered with very
dark green posteriorly. The dorsum in some individuals has a dark central stripe,
vanishing posteriorly. This is, without doubt, the species intended to be indicated
by Mr. Say, although his description is exceedingly indefinite and scarcely agreeing
with the facts. "We have, however, seen one specimen with its posterior feet tipped
with blue, and another in which the posterior margination was yellowish. Neither
have we any doubt in referring Mr. Newport's S. "punctiventris to this species, although
the number and arrangement of the spines on the posterior feet differ somewhat from
those given by that author. One specimen (No. 329) approximates to his description.
Besides the specimens of the Smithsonian Museum, we have the types of S. 2>ci>'va in
the collection of the Academy, brought from the mountains of Georgia by Dr. Le Conte.

Table showing variations in specific characters.

Number of
specimen.

Labial teeth.

Spines on inner pur-
face of basal joint of
posterior pair of legs.

Spines on inferior surface
of basal joint of posterior
pair of legs.

Spines on ter-
minal angular
process.

Spines on lateral aual
appendages.

M rginal.

Apical.

ft

5

2 2 2 2

o

8

1 -t

6

2 3 2

2

o
O

116

M

"I 4

4

y

2 12 2

? ? ?

2
?

4

5

1
1

1 ?

5

2 2 3 2

2

3

0

1 4

4

2 12 2

2

3

1

336

[4

5

3 2 4 3

2

3

1

\4

5

3 2 3 3

2

5

1

[ 4

V

? ? ? ?

?

3

0

332

4

5

2 3 3 2

•>

o
O

0

i

5

2 2 2 3 2

2

3

1

(7

a reproduced leg.

4

1

170

J 4

5

3 2 2 2

2

3

1

14

a reproduced leg.

5

1

329

{$

5

y

2 2 2
? ? ?

1

3
2

0
0

: The labial teeth in this specimen are very small and much coadnate.

uN THE CIIILOrODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

23

1

170

1

336

1

11 i

3

■>

Florida.

Florida.

( tardea Key, Tortngas.

Pensacola.

Palatka, Bast Florida.

belonging to the. Smithsonian Institution.

(! . Wurdemau.*
(!. Wurdeman,
Di I' l>. Whitehouse
l>r Mammoud, U.S.A.

1'. 1 1 lover.

3C.

2

..

2i

..

2i

i.

n—n

!(

■' \

S. MORSITANS, Linn. — S. flavesoens, seutis plerumqae poatice viridi marginatis; segmento cepbalico postice
subtruneato, basali magno ; antennis '20 articulatia ; laminis dentalibus, margine antico leviter rotundato ;
dentibus 8 — 10 brevibus, obtusis; pedibus compressis; pedibus postremis brevibus, robustis, supra
cntnplanatia, subtus valde oonvexis; articulia basali et tibiali marginibus superioribua clevatia et fere
mgulia ; artieulo basali intus r> spiois, Btibtus spinis 7—0 triseriatia alternantibua, proceasu angulari
▼aide elongato, spiuis '.) — 5 ; appendicibus analibns lateralibus, dense punctatis, apice breve, spinia 3 — -1 ;
Bquama preanali Ipngitudino latiori.
•■ S ol. morsitans, Linn.. Syst Nat. i p. I1"''1! ; Newp. Linn. Tr;.n-. xix. p. 378.

marginata, Say, in Journ. Acad. N tl Si i. Philad. L821, p. 9; et in CEuvr. Entom. Ed. Gory livr.
i. p. 22.

lis, in Ann. So. Nat. Janv 1837, p 50 ; et Apt. iv. p. 280.
Scot, platypus, Brandt, Recucil, p. 61 ; Newp. in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist, xiii. p. 98
S 'omita, Saussure, Mem S >o. Phys. de Gcoev, I860, xv. p. 383, t'. 4_\

•• This species closely resembles S. cingulata in its general appearance. The spinulae
on the inferior surface of the posterior legs are arranged in three series which alter-
nate with one another, so that, as remarked by Mr. Brandt, who first correctly
sribed this species, they form with each other a succession of triangles. The pre-
anal scale is very short, somewhal quadrate, with the posterior margin very slightly
rounded. The lateral appendages also are short, with a slightly produced apex bifid."

Notwithstanding the labor devoted by different naturalists to this species, we think
it possible that it will be hereafter found that its historj as now accepted is incorrect.
The geographical range, as given by Mr. Newport, extends over those portions of
South. Central and North America which lie in or near the tropics, as well as over
the whole of the West Indies and an unknown extenl of China. Verily, it must be
the cosmopolite of the Scolopeudrida'. We have an individual from Japan which we
believe to be the var. i of Newport. It very closely resembles the North American
cimens, but a suite may show that it is distinct. We have quite a number of Sco-
lopendrse from Georgia and East Florida, but there is not a specimen of S. morsitans
amongst them. We suspect that S. marginata and S. viridis of Say are identical
species, and that S. morsitans is not an inhabitant of the United States. Say's descrip-
tions are absolutely no guides to the species intended. P. Gcrvais adopts Say's species
as good, and gives the following synonymy. (See Apteres, t. iv. p. 276 ; et Tabl. des
Myriap. Americ. (Exp. Amer. Sud, sept, part.) p. 30.)

" 5. marginata, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., t. ii. p. 100, &c.

S. morsitans, partem, Newp., Trans. Linn. Soc. London, t. xix. p. 370."

* Where it is not stated differently, the donor is believed to be the collector.

24 ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

We have a specimen from Mexico, which perfectly agrees with Saussure's descrip-
tion of his S. olomita, and also with our other specimens of S. morsitans.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

360

1

352

1

333

1

?Halifax, N. S.
La Union.
Minititlan.

Dr. J. B. Gilpin.
Capt. Dow.

Unc

24

a

3J

a

4

Probably incorrectly labelled.
5. otomita, Saussure.

Var. /3. — S. luteo-castanea, gracillis, pedibus flavis compressis; capite lreve, impunctato, segmento-cephalico
elongato, ovato, subsegruento prebasali nullo, segmento basali niagno; labio mandibulisque sparse minute
punctatis; scutis (postretno excepto) plerumque postice truncatis et margine postieo saturate viridi ;
antennis 22? articulatis, flavis; laminis dentalibus margine antico rotundato ; dentibus 19 parvis,
utrinque tribus intituia aretissime coadunatis, externo sejuncto; pedibus postremis niaguis, robustis,
supra complanatis, subtus valde convexis, articulo basali marginibus superioribus acutis sed baud elevatis,
.intus 4 — 5 spinis, subtus 8 — 9 spinis in serie triplici dispositis, processu angulari elongato 3 — 4 spinis;
articulo tibiali marginibus superioribus subelevatis ; appendicibus analibus Iateralibus profunde punc-
tatis, brevibus, singula spinis 3 — 4 apicalibus et altero marginale.

Length of cephalic segment rather great in proportion to its width. Basilar seg-
ment large. Lateral margins of most of the scuta straight ; only those of the last five
or six elevated. Throughout the whole length of the body there is a tendency to the
alternation of a larger with a smaller scutum. Preterminal scutum large, with its
lateral margins strongly arched, but its posterior straight. Terminal scutum large,
marked with a median line; its breadth one-third greater than its length, equalling
that of the basal joint of the last pair of legs. Sterno, episternal and scuto episternal
sutures well marked. Inferior surface of basal joint of posterior pair of legs with
from 8 — 9 spines in three rows, the external of which (in our specimen) is composed
of two spines. Mr. Newport was at a loss to decide whether this was a distinct
species, or merely a variety of S. morsitans. We are disposed to believe it different
but have not seen enough specimens to decide. The principal differences between our
specimen and those from this continent are, firstly, the margins of the basal joints are
not elevated ; secondly, the labial teeth are much smaller.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
250 | 1 | Simoda, Japan. | North Pacific Expl. Exp. | W. Stimpson, M. D. | Unc. 2 h \

S. IN/EQUIDENS, Gervais. — S. viridi-brunnea; segmento-cephalico punctato, parvo, basali magno postice sub-
truncato; antennis interdum viiidibus, pubescentibus, 17 articulatis ; labio mandibulisque sparse sub-
profunde punctatis ; laminis dentalibus elongatis ; dentibus 6 — 8, utrinque intimis duobus arete coadu-
natis, duobus externis scjunctis, acutis; scutis interdum postice saturate viridi aut ca:ruleo marginatis;
pedibus luteolis, gracillibus, longis; postremis robustis, articulo basali supra subconvexo, intus 3 — S,
subtus 7—10 spiDis; processu angulari 2 — 6 spinis; appendicibus analibus Iateralibus dense pro-
fundeque punctatis, elongatis, spinis apicalibus 3 — 5.
S. inseauidi ns, Gerv., Apt. iv. p. 277.

The cephalic segment is small, truncate posteriorly, and has its sides remarkably
straight. The basal segment is very large, fully half again as broad as the cephalic.

ON THE CUILOPODA <>F NoKTII VMERICA

The antennae are sometimes green or blue, and in all <>f our specimens pubescent on
their distal portion. Their joints are short and almost globose. The scuto-episcutal
sutures are well marked, hut not so strongly as the sterno-episternal. The legs are
slightly compressed. The basal joint has all of its mar-ins well defined, so that it is
scarcely subcylindrical, but rather subparallelopipedal. The spines are arranged in
rows on elevated bases, so as to give the appearance of being on an interrupted crest or
raisedline. The apices of the lateral anal appendages are much prolonged, slightly
curved upwards, impunctate and almost diaphanous. This species is separated from its
southern representative, by the more rectangular and smaller cephalic segment and
the larger basilar, ly the more moniliform and fewer jointed antennae, as well as 1>\
the differences in the structure of the lateral teeth and posterior pair of feet. We
were at first disposed to consider our specimen as representing a species distinct from
M. Gervais', but further examination has convinced us that that naturalist had a
specimen with reproduced hind feet; yet we think it worth while to append his
description, so that the correctness or incorrectness of our opinion may he more easily
shown." Besides the Smithsonian specimens, we have an individual from Massa-
chusetts belonging to the collection of the .Museum of Comparative Zoology.

Table sh iations in s/,"-i/i<- characters.

Spines on inner surface

Spines on lower surface

Spinet on term!

Spines on late-

i'erof

Labial teeth.

lal articulation of

of basal articulation of

angular pro-

ral anal appen-

i men.

posterior pair of legs.

posterior pair of It-^rs.

dages.

r 3

3

10

2

3

267

J A rcpn.nl. lam.
1 4

5

5

8

8

2

1

3

:;

f i

\ i

I

8

•_>

3

ft

7

•1

4

v

■>

1

5

268

5

7

6

4

8

9

6

4

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian /< fift

267 I 3 I Illinois. I R. Kennicott. I I Una 2

268 | 2 | " " | " 22

*"S. inequidentu (S. iN.KijrmKN ;>.)-'■ Tote aubeordiforme tin peu elargie; doubles stries dorsales parallele
rontinues en dessus, assez peu marquees; bord posterieur du dernier segment triangulaire obtus ; stries infe-
rieurs faiblement divergentes; plaques des segment- subarrondies a leur bord posterieur; plaque preanale
drilatere etroite a bord posterieur plus etroit que I'anterieur, droit; angles subarrondies; pieces laterales
terminees en epine multifide tres-finement ponctuees; antennes longues nues; sallies dentiferes finement
ponctuees. a trois deut inegales, l'interne large, a bord libre rectiligne, la raitoyenne peu distincte, subarrondie,
l'externc aeparee par un as grand : pieds de derriere assez longs, forts, subarrondis, epineus en dis-

sous et a la face interne : G .pines environs en dessous; et a peu pres 14 au bord interne, la derniere multifide,
a sept petites pointes inegales en couronne. Couleur ferrugineuse un peu nuaucee de verdatre ; antennes
pales ; tete, segment forcipulaire et partie posterieur plus ferrugineuse. Longeur de corps, 0.190 ; plus grande
ir. 0.022. Antennes, 0.035; pieds de derriere. 0.035.''
" Des Etats Unis, a New- York, par M. Milbert, (Museum de Paris, 1824.")

dens, Geryais, Tableau des Uyriapods Americains, (Exp. dans L'Amerique duSud, sept, part.) p. 30.

7

26

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

S. longipes, n. sp. — S. castanea, robusta ; capite castaneo, uiagno, scgtuento cophalioo ovato, sparse minute
punctato, segmento basali maximo ; antennis 17 articulatis; mandibulorum dente tubereuloque magnis;
laminis dentalibus margine antico fere recto; dentibusG, nigris, magnis, utrinque duobus intirnis coadu-
Datis, externo sejuncto, conieo ; scutis interdum postice viridi marginatis ; spiraculis antieis maximis ;
pedibus luteolis, longis, compressis, paris penultimi articulo basali spinis f> in processu angulari terminali
alterisque 1 — 2 armato ; pari postremo valde elongato, suboylindrieo, baud compresso, articulo basali
tibiali multo longiore, 30 — 45 spinis longiludinaliter seriatis armato, processu aDgulari magno, spinis
6 — 8; appendicibus analibus lateralibus dense punctatis, elongatis, singula spinis apicalibus 8 — 12
et interdum alteris mareinalibus 1 — 4.

This species is closely allied to S. alternans, Leach, but differs from the characters
given by Mr. Newport; first, in the mandibular tubercle (mandibular tooth of Newp.)
being very large and having the lesser tubercle near to its base; secondly, in the
number of spines on the basal joint of last pair of legs being from 30 — 45 instead of
from 45 — 60, and finally by the roughness of the lateral anal appendages. Besides,
our specimens agree in possessing important characters not mentioned by Mr. New-
port, and Avhich it is fair to conclude do not exist in his species.

The head and its appendages are very large and stout. The antenna? are gene-
rally lighter in color than the body. The first scuta is much the smallest. The
lateral margins of anterior scuta are straighter than those of the posterior, which are
elevated. The posterior margin of the terminal scutum is very strongly arcuate. The
scuto-episcutal sutures are traceable, but not so well marked as the sterno-episternal.
The femur of the nineteenth pair of legs is furnished with two small spines on its
distal extremity ; that of the twentieth with one or two on its upper surface, and a
well marked terminal angular process supporting five small spines. The femur of the
last pair is rather depressed than compressed, and armed with 30 — 45 small spines,
irregularly arranged in rows on its upper, inner and lower surfaces. Preanal scale
somewhat elongate, narrowed posteriorly. The specimen from " Halifax (?)" is pro-
bably incorrectly labelled ; possibly it may have been carried there in a cargo of
timber.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

Probably incorrectly la-
belled as to locality.

380

1

Ft. Jefferson, Garden
Key, Tortugas.

Dr. D. D. Whitehouse.
Mr. Wurdeman.

Unc. H

209

2

Florida.

« 3|—4

194

>>

Halifax, N. S.

Dr. J. D. Gilpin.

" 5

S. byssina, Wood. — S. sautrate viridis aut brunnea, capite dilute castaneo, et labio mandibulisque sparse
punctatis ; segmento cephalico late ovato, antice leviter emarginato, segmento prebasali nullo ; antennis
luteolis, 18 articulatis, pubescentibus ; dente mandibulari gracile ; laminis dentalibus latis ; dentibus labi-
alibus 10, parvis, nigris, utrinque tribus intimis coadunatis; pedibus gracilibus, luteolis, niodice com-
pressis ; pari postremo supra complanato, subtus valde convexo, marginibus superioribus et externo et
interno aeutis ; articulo basali tibiali longiore ct intus et subtus bi vol tri spinoso, processu angulari

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. ^7

bititlo vol trifido ; superficie ventrali brunneo-olivacea ; appendicibua analibus lateralibus profunde dense
punotatis, modice eloDgatis, singula Bpinia apicalibus - — 3, apioibus haud incun
s i, Wood, Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci L861, p. 10. >

The head is of moderate size. The dental lamina are rather broad, their teeth
small, almost tuberculiform. The scuto-episcutal sutures are traceable, but not so
distinct as the sterno-episternal. The first scutum is very short, the penultimate
very large, with its sides strongly arched. The legs are slightly compressed. Our
brown specimen has some of its scuta margined posteriorly with green. We formerly
described this species as doubtfully coming from Florida; we now believe it to be a
native of California. This species differs from svhspinipea in the shape of hind pair
of legs, which are parallelopipedal, and have the margins much more acute, as well
as id the proportionate Length of the basal and tibial joints.

Specimen belonging to tin Smithsonian Institution.
333 | 1 | California. | ? | | Unc. 2-t [

S Com i \n \, n. sp. — S. luteolo-castanea prasiim eparsa; capita sparse minute punctato, segmcuto cephalico
parvo, subrutundo, convexo, basali magno ; antennis 25 articulatis ; labio rubri-castaneo ; laminis deu-
talibua subclongatis, marginc antieo fore recto ; dentibus s, nigris, utrinque duobus intimis coadunatis,
extimis duobns uiajoribus, conicis, sejunctis; pedibus luteolis modice oompressia ; j>ari postremo robuato,
articulo basali tibiali vix loogiore, supra complanato, intus 4 — 6 spinis, infra 0 — 17 spinia in aerie
quadruplici (interdum inurdinatim) dispoaitis, proeessu angular! spinis - — ■">; appendicibua aualibua
lateralibus dense profundeque punotatis, siugula spinis apicalibas 3 — 5, et marginalibus 1 — 3; super-
ficie ventrali aordide lut

The head is somewhat peculiar; it is nut so broad as the posterior portion of the
body. The cephalic segment is convex, subround, sometimes somewhat truncate
posteriorly. Its breadth is just about equal to its length, but owing to the convexity
appears less. The basilar segment is much larger than the cephalic, and has the
prebasilar fold well marked. The posterior portion of the scuta are often margined
with green, and. in some specimens, the anterior part of the body is mottled with this
color. In one individual the antennae are of a pea-green tint, generally they corre-
spond in color with the feet. The preterminal scutum is large, with its lateral mar-
gins strongly arched. The terminal scutum is medianly slightly subcarinatc. The
sterno-episternal sutures are better marked than the scuto-episcutal, which are, how-
ever, quite evident. It is noticeable that the terminal scutum has a single median,
instead of two lateral sutures. Preanal scale rather large, much narrowed and very
slightly emarginate posteriorly. Where the marginal spines of the lateral anal ap-
pendages exceed two in number, some of them are generally very small and situated
at or near the base of the terminal process. I have named this species in honor of
Edward D. Cope, Esq., with whom it has been my good fortune to have been asso-
ciated since the earliest dawn of our tastes for natural history.

28

ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

Table showing

'aviations in specific, characters.

Spines on inner side

Spines on lower surface of

Spines on

anal ap-

Number of
specimen.

Labial teeth.

of basal joint of last
pair of legs.

basal joint of last pair of
legs.

Spines on angu-
lar process.

pend

iges.

Apical.

Marginal.

39

4

4

2 2 3 2

2

4

2

4

5

2 2 2 4

3

4

2

'4

6

4 4 5 4

5

5

2

4

6

3 3 4 3

5

o
O

1

309

4

4

2 3 5 3

2

4

1

'

4

4

2 3 5 3

2

5

o
0

4

6'

3 3 15 3

4

5

o
O

4

5

13 2 3 3

4

5

3

4

6

3 2 3 3

3

6

1

4

C

2 2 3 4

2

4

2

4

5

2 3 4 3

3

o

O

1

4

5

2 3 3 3

3

4

1

4

5

12 4 3

3

4

1

4

5

2 2 3 3

3

o

39
309
361

California.
California.

Unc.

3 1

_•> i

-41

S. bispinipes, n. sp. — S. olivacea, polita; capite olivaceo-castaneo, cum mandibulis magnis et labio, minute
punctato ; segmento ccphalico late ovato, antice leviter cmargiuato, basali magno, prebasali nullo;
antennis 19 artieulatis, antice pubescentibus; labio leviter convexo sinesuturis; laminis dentalibus,
latis, brevibus, marginibus anticis rectis, angulis posticis externis productis ; denticulis 10, conicis,
parvis sed acutibus et distinctis, utrinque intimis tribus arete coadunatis, duobus externis sejunctis ;
suturis scuto-episcutalibus ineonspieuis, sed sterno-episternalibus modice conspicuis; pedibus luteolis,
leviter eompressis; pari postremo gracile, articulo basali supra complanatis, subtus valde convexo
et sine spina, intus bispinoso, margine superiore externo acuto, processu angulari valde elongato,
simplice vel bifido ; articulo tibiali basali fere eequale, sed subcvlindrico et graciliore; appendicibus
analibus lateralibus longis, dense minute profunde punctatis, utrinque spinis apicalibus 1 — 3.

The length of cephalic segment is equal to its breadth. The mandibles are thick.
Breadth of the dental lamina much exceeds their length. The teeth are small, but
very distinct. The penultimate scutum is large, with its lateral margins strongly
arched ; the terminal large, with its lateral margins arched, very strongly elevated,
and its posterior very arcuate. The preanal scale is not canaliculate, but much nar-
rowed posteriorly, with its margins very neai'ly straight. The spines on the basal arti-
culation of the last pair of feet are very large ; the anterior is situated above the other.
This species is closely allied to S. Newportii, Lucas, (originally described by Mr. New-
port as S. Gervaisii). Mr. Newport, in his latin diagnosis, both in the Linnsean Tran-
sactions and the Catalogue of the British Museum, says " dentibus conspicuis" but in
the former work he says, " The most marked character of this species is the indis-
tinctness of the labial teeth, which in some specimens are entirely wanting "/ What
does he mean ? Our species also is allied to S. ornata, Newp. That author states,
" pedum paris postremi articulo basali spinis tribus acutis," but does not state the form
of the head. Afterwards he says, " This is a very beautiful species, very distinct in

ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. St

every respect of form, size and shape of the head from S. subspinipes, but precisely
similar as regards the shape and armatun of posterior pair of legs," &c. Now, S. sub-
spinipes is furnished with fiv< spines on its posterior pair of legs! The specimens
before us may belong to S. ornata, but their heads do not differ from those ,,1' S. sub-
spinipes, and we cannot understand what the armature of S. ornata really consists of.
We have seen two specimens from San Francisco, belonging to the Museum of Com-
parative Zoolog} .

Besides the North American Species, the collection of the Smithsonian Institution
contains the following :

S. yibidicornis, Newp., Ann. and Mag. N. EL, ]>. 97, ap. 12 ; <'t Linn. Trans, six. j>. :i'.i7, pi. :;, f. I, :!, t, 5,
et pi. 40, f. 5, 6j et Catal. Brit. Mus., Myriapoda, p. 4."..
\. Eopei, Newp., MSS.
S. viridicornis, P Gervais, Apteres, iv. p. 287.

109 | 1 | Paraguay. | ('apt- T- J- Pagei ''• S- N- I I Uno- 6 I

S. aztf.ca, Saussure, Mem. Sooiet. Thys. (!cncv. 1860, xv. p 382, f. 41.

We think that S. maya is probably the young of this species, although we have
never seen a specimen of it. We would also call attention to the close relationship
(if they are not identical) between & azteca and S. varia, Newp.

:;0G | 2 | La Union. | Capt. Dow. | | Un<- 3 |

S. Modesta| n. sp. — S. brunnea ; capite modico, lave, segmento-cephalico postico subtruncato, magno, pre-
basali nullo, basali magno; antcnnis 21 articulatis; labio impunctato; laminis dcntalibus antice angus-
tatis: Jentibus labialibus 8 — 10, utrinquc duobus aut tribus intimis leviter coadunatis, uno aut duobua
extiinis seiunotis ; pcdibus compressis; pedibua postreraia subrobustis, elongatis, supra complanatis,
subtus valde oonvexis ; articulo basali, marginibus superioria ct externo et interno subacutis sed haud ele-
vatis, intus 4— 6 spinia in serie duplioi, subtus spinis 8 — 9 in serie triplici, processu angulari (juadri-
fido ; articulo tibiali basali fere aequali, marginibua superioribua intcrduin subelcvatis; appendicibus
analibus lateralibus brevibus, punctatis, singula spinulis apiealibus "2 — 3 et interdum ruarginalu
altero.

That part of the cephalic segment which is anterior to the eyes is generally of a
lighter color than the remainder. The internal labial tooth on each side is sometimes
obsolete. The scuto-episcutal and sterno-episternal sutures are well marked. The
anterior scuta have the lateral margins straight and not elevated, whilst the posterior
five or six have them arched and elevated. Most of the scuta are abruptly truncate
posteriorly. The penultimate is very large and broad, and, like the corresponding
sterna, has a circular shape, but is truncate anteriorly and posteriorly. The breadth
posteriorly of the terminal scuta is nearly twice its length. The preanal scale is sub-
quadrate and very much narrowed. This species is closely allied to S. varia, Newp.,
but differs from Mr. Newport's description, in not having the cephalic segment small,
in the labial teeth not being minute, in the color, in the size, and, finally, in the

8

30 ON THE CII1LOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

arrangement of spines on the inner superior margin. If a comparison of specimens

were practicable, other differences would doubtless be detected.

2 19 | 3 | Porto Praya, Cape de Verde Isl. | N. Pacific Expl. Exp. | Wm. Stimpson, M. D. | Unc. 2| |

?S. subspinipes, Leach — S. eastanea ; scutoruni ruarginibus lateralibus posterioribusque viridibus, pedibus
flavis; capite punetato; segmento-cephalico ovato, baud cordato, prebasali duIIo, basali magno, lato;
antennis 18 articulatis; labio convexo, leviter punetato, medio canaliculate; laminis dcntalibus brevibus,
latis, margine antico subrotundato ; denticulis 10, parvis, indistinctis, valde coadunatis; pedibus pos-
tremis gracilibus, subcomplanatis; articulo basali intus subtusque bispinoso, processu angulari elongato,
curvato, bispinoso; articulo tibiali basali fere asquali ; appendicibus aualibus lateralibus modice brevibus,
valde punctatis, apice excurvato, laevi, bispinoso ; squama preanali subquadrata, media canaliculata,
margine posteriorc rotundato.

S. subspinipes, Leach, Linn. Trans, xi. p. 383 ; Zool. Misc. iii. p. 41 ; Enc. Brit. Suppl. p. 440.

.V. subspinipes, Newp, Linn. Trans, xix. p. 389.

Not S. subspinipes of Gervais, Ann. Soc. En torn., 2d series, vol. ii. part 2d, p. 21.
nor S. subspinipes of Gervais, Apteres, iv. p. 262, which are probably different species,
neither, apparently, agreeing with S. subspinipes of Gervais, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1837,
p. 50, which also is not *S'. subspinipes of Leach, but is S. Gervaisii, Newp., Linn.
Trans, xix. p. 390, which is S. NewportU, Lucas, Alger, p. 343, (note;) Gervais,
Apteres, iv. p. 281 ; Newp. Catal. British Museum, (Myriapoda,) p. 36.

Not S. subspinipes, Brandt, Mem. Ins. Myriap. p. 59 ; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Anim. art.
iv. p. 544, sp. 5, which is S. NewportU, Lucas.*

We refer our individual to S. subspinipes, Leach with great doubt. On comparing
it with the description of Newport, we find it differs in the following particulars : —
The head is not at all cordate ; the labium is punctate and furnished with ten teeth ;
the lateral anal appendages have their apices somewhat everted; the preanal scale is
not triangular. Our diagnosis is not one of S. subspinipes of Leach, but of the indi-
vidual before us, drawn up to aid some future naturalist in identifying or separating
the species. We have never seen an undoubted specimen of S. subspinipes, Leach.
286 | 1 | Aspinwall. | Mr. Rivell. | | Unc. 4 |

?S. Sandwichiana, Gervais, Apt. iv. p. 276.

Owing to the meagreness of M. Gervais' description, we refer this animal to his
species with very many doubts. It seems to us that the practice of describing species
in any department of natural history, in two or three lines ought to be reprobated,
but especially so, in those branches where the various characters have not as yet
received their proper specific interpretation. In this, as in other cases, we have had
to depend to a considerable extent on the locality in the identification. It would have
been well if succeeding authors had availed themselves more fully of the light thrown
on this class of animals by Mr. Newport, wdiose descriptions much exceed those of any

* For authority of much of the synonymy given, see note in Explor. Scient. de L'Algerie, p. 343. A slight,
comparison of M. Gervais' descriptions shows that they differ inter se.

ON THE UHJLOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. ,1

antecedent or subsequent naturalist. It" this should prove a new species, we would
propose the name nesuphila. We subjoin the following description: —

S. brunnea, robnsta; ca] tree minute punctato, segmento basali mazimo; mandibulis magnis,

pun magno et tuberculo minimo ; labio lato, valde con vexo, punctato; laminis dentali-

l>us longitudine fere bislitioribus, singula dentibua .">, obtusis, coadunatia armata; autennis autice
pnbescentibus j pedibua robustis; pedibus postremia gracilibus, supra complanatis, articulo basali tibiali
vix longiore, margins interiore superiore spina 1, superficiebua interiore et ioferiore singula spinia
duobus-, proceasu angulari, eloi nis duobua armato ; appendicibua analibus lateralibua dense rude

puuctatis, obtusia, apice decurvato aliquando spina obtuaa; squama preanali media levitei canaliculate;
stemis punctatis.

A- our -; i cimen has been preserved for some years in alcohol, the color may differ
materially from that of the living animal. The antennae both being broken, we are
unable to give the number of joints composing them. The scuto-episcutal sutures are
distinct, as are also the sterno-episternal. The lateral margins of the scuta are much

thickened : the posterior angles of some of the hinder ;s rounded. The last pair of

feet are very Blender when compared with the body. The lateral anal appendages
have a corroded appearance ami are very dark colored. Their apice- aie very obtuse
and strongly curved downwards, one of them being armed with a small and verj
blunt spine, which is indeed more of a tubercle than a spine. The preanal scale is
somewhat elongate, narrowed, and with its angles rounded posteriorly.

164 | 1 | < ii.hu or Maui. | I'. 8. Explor. Ezped. | C. I' | Una 7 |

•i. ~j. — S. olivacea; capite magno, minutissime sparse punctato, segmento cepbalioo
clon_ -ili mazimo; antennis 20 articulatis; laminis dentalibus latis, margine

antico rotund 1", magnis, conicis, acutis, utrinque trilms intimis coadunatis, duobus ex-

tiuuia sejunctis; pedibus valde compreasia ; pari postrenio luteolo, robusto, supra complanato, subtua valde
convexo, articulis basali tibiali. |ue supra marginibus i abacutis; basali margiue interno supe-

riore quinque-spinoso, superficie inferiore spinis 8 — 1" triseriatis alternantibus ; proceasu aDgulari
elongato, Bpinis t ; articulo tar.-ali supra complanato, marginibus superinribus subacutis aed haud elevatia ;
appendicibus analibus lateralibua brevibus, apicibns acutis, singulo spinis 4 — G; squama preanali breve.

The scuta have apparently been bordered posteriorly with green and the antennae

light yellow, hut long preservation in spirits has rendered the color indefinite. Scuto-
episcutal sutures traceable, divergent posteriorly ; sterno-episternal very well marked.
'1'. i minal scutum large, its posterior margin slightly arched, its breadth nearly twice
its length. Preanal scale short, much narrowed posteriorly, and with its posterior
angles slightly rounded. This may be S. Tongana, Gervais, Apt. iv. 276, hut we can-
not decide from M. Gervais' description.

Hil | 1 | Fcjee Islands. | (J. S. Ezpl. Exp. | | Unc. 3 |

S. rei'ens. n. sp — S. brunnea ; capite modico, sparse minute punctato, segmento ccphalico ovato, lato; an-
tennis 19? articulatis; dente mandibulari modico; laminis dentalibus longitudine bis latioribus, et
labio sparse puuctatis ; dentibus labialibus 10, distinctis, Utrinque tribus intimis coadunatis, duubu.-

32

ON THE (JIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

extirnis scjunctis; pedibus compressis ; pari postremo subcylindrico, gracili ; articulo basali tibiali
longiore, supra subooiuplanato, iutus subtusque bis vel trispinoso, proccssu angulari elongate, cur-
vato, quadrispinoso, articulis tibiali ct tarsali fere Eequalibus; appendicibus analibus rude punctata,
apicibus eloDgatis, aeutis, bispinosis; squama preanali elongata, fere subtriangulari, medio canaliculate

Scuto-episcutal sutures traceable, sterno-episternal well marked. This species
differs from the preceding in the head not being so large ; the mandibles and their
teeth are also smaller, whilst the labial teeth are larger and more distinct. The late-
ral anal appendages are likewise very different, their apices being prolonged, acute
and scarcely curved downward at all. The three spines on the inferior aspect of basal
joint of posterior legs are arranged in a single row on its exterior portion. It is barely
possible that a. suite of specimens would show that we have confounded two species.

79 1

1

Sandwich Islands.

U. S. Expl.

Exp.

1 Unc. 4

76 |

3

Oahu, or Kaiu.

a a

il

" 3J

S. dinodon, Wood, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. 1861, p. 12.

185 | 1 | Singapore. | U. S. Expl. Exped. | | Unc. b\ \

S. insignis, Gervais, Ann. Soc. Entom. 1844, p. 29 ; Apteres, iv. p. 298, pi. 43, f. 4 ; Tabl. des Myriap.
(Exp. Aruer. de l'Sud sept, part.) p. 32, pi. v. fig. 1.
S. insight's, Newp., Catal. British Mus. Myriap. p. 60.
S. epileptica, Wood, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. 1861, p. 11.

151 | 1 | ? | ? | ? | ? | Unc. 10 |

S. septemspinosa, Brandt, Recueil p. 60 ; Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 391; Gervais, Apter. iv. p. 209.

S. sexspinosa, Newp. in Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 96; Linn. Trans, xix. p. 392 ; Gervais, Apte-
res iv. p. 287.

S. parvidens, Wood, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1861, p. 13.

We think that there is scarcely a doubt that iS. septemspinosa and S. sexspinosa are
identical species. To show our reasons as fully and briefly as possible, we throw the
principal specific characters of our specimens into a tabular form, followed by a
table of the characters of the two species as given by Mr. Newport.

No. of spines on

Spines on

No. of

supero-internal

No. of spines on

Mb. of spines on

angular

Spines on lateral

Remarks.

labial teeth.

margin.

internal surface.

inferior surface.

process.

anal appendages.

5

1

1

2

2

3

1

5

1

o

2

2

3

[ Type specimens of S.

5

1

1

i

4

2

f parvidens.

5?

0

1

9

4

1

J

5

1

2

2

4

2

) No. 36 Smithsonian
5 collection.

5

'>

2

3

4

2

6

1

1

2

2

•>

1

5

o

1

2

3

2

[No. 248 Smithsonian

5

2

2

1 2

2

2

Collection.

5

1

1

2

2

3

5

o

2

2

1

?

~) S. septemspinosa,
y Brandt, according to
) Mr. Newport.

5

2

2

2

1

y

5
5

1

1

2

o

t>

?

"1 *S'. sexspinosa, ac-

2

2

o

?

cording to Mr. New-
J port.

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 33

As to the less important characters given by Mr. Newport in his diagnosis. We
find in our specimens almost ever^ shade of variation between the two.

248
361

2 I Simoda, Japan. N. Pacific Exp]. Exp. I Win. Stimpson, M. 1>. Uoc. 4! I

1 | Niphon. ' '• " I ' |

Gen. 2. CORMOCEPHAU'S, Newp.*

Scgnienta podophora 21. Segmentuni cephalicum breve, abrupte truucatuui, baud iiubrieatum. Spiracu-

lorum valvularium paria 9.

Mr. Gervais does not recognize this genus as distinct. But it seems to us perfectly
so. It has not as yet hern found in North America, hut there are several specimens
of the genus from foreign countries, in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution.
They are as follows :

C. rubrioeps, Newp. Linn. Trans, xix. p. 120, et Catal. of Brit. Museum, Myriapoda, p. 72.

Newp., Ami. Mag. Nat. Hist, xiii. p. !»!» ; Dieffenb. New Zealand, ii. p. 270 j Qer
vais, Apteres iv. p. 27 I

145 | 9 | New Zealand. | 1'. S. Kxpl. Exp. | ? | Unc. 2 — 1] | In very good condition.

C. vinous, n. sp. — C. viridis; pedibua antennisque dilute viridibus; capite obscure minute punctato, sub-
scmento prebasali conspicuo, segmcnto basali modice magno ; antennis pubescentibus; dentibus lubiali-
bus 4, latis sed acutis, utrini|ue intimo obscure bifido; scuto postremo posticc valde arcuato, margini-
bns lateralibus valde elevatis ; pedibua postremis gracilibus, valde elongatis, articulo basali multispinoso,
tibiali Bubequali ; appcndicibus analibus lateralibus rude punctatis, elongatis, singula spinulis apicalibus
4 — 5 minutis et altero marginale armata.

Sterno-epistemal and scuto-episcutal sutures well marked. Scuta obscurely bor-
dered posteriorly by a light band. Lateral margins of many of them slightly raised.
Feet somewhat compressed.

251 | 1 | Hong Kong. | N. Pacific Kxpl. Exp. | Win. Stimpson, M. D. | Unc. Ii |
C. F.i Newp.. Linn. Trans, xix. p. 421, et Catal Brit. 3Ius. Myriap. p. 74.

Our specimen differs from the description in the length of the tibia of posterior
legs not equalling that of the femur.
S./xcunda, Gervais, Apteres, iv. p. 272.

362 | 2 | New Holland. | U. S. Expl. Exp. | ? | I "no. 2! | In bad condition.

C. MON1LICORNIS, n. sp. — C. brunneus, capite polito ; antennarum articulis brevibus, distalibus fere globosis
et leviter pubescentibus; laminis dentalibus modice elongatis, antice leviter angustatis; dentibus 8,
tribus intiuiis utrinque arete coadunatis, externo sejuncto; labio leviter punctato; scutis quadratis,
postice abrupte truncatis, posteriorum lateribus elevatis; pedibus compressis ; pari postremo robusto,
articulo femorali tibiali vix requali, superficie superiore spinula unica, interiore 3 — 4, inferiore 5 — 6 in
serie triplici dispositis, processu angulari bifido, articulo tarsali tibiali fere wquali; appendicibus anali-
bus lateralibus rude punctatis, brevibus, obtusis, spina apicali unica.

!. Trans, xix. p. 410.
9

34 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

The antennas, owing to the shape of their joints have a peculiar beaded appearance.
The sterno-episternal and scuto-episcutal sutures are very distinct. The labium has
two indistinct (?sutural) markings, diverging from the anterior median portion. The
distal portions of the femora and tibiae of the last pair of legs are furnished with a
well marked median groove on the superior surface.

354 | 1 | Choco, New Grenada. | A. Schott. | | Unc. 1 |

C. ambiguus? Newp., Linn. Trans, six. 423.

Our specimens are in a very bad state of preservation, and there is but a single
posterior leg remaining. It has five spines arranged in two rows on the inferior
internal as well as external margin ; yet we feel confident that a suite of specimens
would show that it belongs to G. ambiguus, Newp.

? Scolopendra amhigua, Brandt.

363 | 2 | Cape of Good Hope. | N. Pacific Explor. Exped. | Win. Stimpson, M.D. | Unc. 2| |

There is in the collection of the Smithsonian, besides the above, a Cormocephalus
brought from Samoa by the United States Exjjloring Expedition. It belongs most
probably to an undescribed sj)ecies, but as the posterior pair of legs is lost, we will
not describe it. There are also three specimens, brought from Nicaragua by the North
Pacific Exploring Expedition, similarly mutilated, likewise probably undescribed.

Gen. 3. RHOMBOCEPHALUS, Newp.*

" Segmentum cephalicum elougatutn, subtriangulare ; subbasilare labiurnque angustlssima."
Not as yet found in this country.

Gen. 4. CRYPTOPS, Leach.f

Segmenta podopbora 21. Antennro 17 articulatce. Oculi nulli vel inconspicui. Labium cdentulum.
Scutum postremuni Scolopendrje vera illo simillirnuui. Pedum postremorum articulus basalis ple-
rumque inermis. Appendices analcs laterales obtusse.
" Cryptops hyalina, pallida, Isevis, lineis 2 longitudinalibus saturatioribus, capite antennisque ferrugineis,
pedibus postremis brunneis spinulis 5 in artieulo tertio tarsalive. Long. lin. 7."
" Crypt, hyalina, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1st series, vol. ii.; id. Gluvr. Entom. 1, sp. 23; Gerv. in
Ann. Sci. Nat., Janv. 1837, sp. 3; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Anim. Artie, p. 546, sp. 3."
" Hah. In Georgia et Florida."
Species mihi ignota.

" C. Milbertii, Gervais. — Point d'yeux; 22 segments, en comptant la tete d'un brun marron. Tete ar-
rondie, non engagee dans lo second segment. Plaques convexes non arrondies a, leurs bords posterieurs,
bordees. Segments tres inequax entre eux, les 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, sont les nioins allonges;
le dernier est plus etroits et cylindriiide. En dessous, ces plaques sont un peu bombees et presque
egales. Les deux paires de pattes posterieures sont plus allongees que les autres et terminees par une

*Linn. Trans, xix. p -i-~> t Linn. Trans, xi. p. 384.

ON THE CIIILorODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

35

petite griffe ; mais lea cnisses ne sont point reoflees ni beaucoup plus grosses que celles des autrea
pattes, et celles dea partus posterieures n'ont ni Spines ni tubercules,. Les machoirea (ou les mandi-
bules dea auteurs) sent brunes, comme le me o ton ou la levre qui aupporte les crochets dea mandibules.
point bifide, maia arrondie ii son extrcmitie ; elle n'a point tie dents, mais seulenient
deux enforcements lateranx. Les mandibules ou palpes ont leurs articles cylindriquea et rougeatres;

le dernier article est comme tr j u<- et termine par une pointe ou onglet. Les antennes sont alien

quand on les renverse en arriere, elles atleignment le millieu du oinquieme segment; lcurs articles
courts, renfles, monilifonnes, tres-rtSguliers, presque egaux, soot au norabre de 17.
■■ \pporte de Jersey elans l'Amerique du Nord par M. Milbert. Cette espece differe de 1'Hortensis par des

pattea beaucoup plus comtes et une tete plus arrondie."
Speciea mihi ignota

[fflbt rti, ( rervais, Apt. iv. p. ■

Gen. 5. OPISTIIEMECiA.- n. g.

Segmenta podophora 21. Ocelli nulli. Labium plerumque dentatum. Scutum postremum maximum, quad-
ratuin. altcris multo mojore ; p bn . - Appendioea analea laterales obtusa;. (Figs. 7, 8.)

0. POSTICA, n. sp. — 0. aurantiaca, capite polito punctato; - basali deprcssione triangulari mediana ;

labio an' maodibuliaque punctatis; laminis dentalibus aubelongatis, margine antico fere

lenticulis 6, distinctisj acutis; an tenuis haud utibus, IT articulatis; scutis stemisque

politis j scut. i postremo subprofunde ■ ce abrupte truncato, medio canaliculate, lateribus

rotuodatis, marginibus lateralibus valde elevatis; | jtremia brevissimis, subprofunde punc-

tatis, suboylindriois; articulis basali tibialique sine spinis, supra aubcomplanatis, intus complanatis,
margine interiore superiore acute, alteria rotundatis; appendioibus analibus lateralibus angustis,
profunde punotatis,postice abrupte truncatis, sine spinis; squama preanali elongata, media vis canalicu-
lata.

From the triangular depression on the basilar segment two sutures diverge poste-
riorly. The scuto-episeutal sutures are very distinct, tin'
sterno-episternal wanting. The sterna are, however, pro- -
vided with a mesian marking, the line of coalescence of the
two primitive sterna. The last pair of feet are rather
shorter than in the following species, more cylindrical and
smoother, especially on their inner surface. The basal joint
is rather shorter than the tibial, which is about twice as
long as the tarsal. Can this be the same species as Oryptops
poslica, Say? It agrees with Mr. Newport's description of
bis Theatops poslica, (<'. postica, Say,) except as to the eyes and teeth
that Mr. Newport is mistaken as to the possession of eyes? Say certainly did not
see them.

Fig. 7.

R. — A reproduced leg.

Is it possible

Specimen belonging /•> Smithsonian Institution.
287 | 1 | Goldsboro, N. C. | Wm. Stimpson, M. D. | | Une. If |

* OT/3-&I, postice, nrym.

30 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

0. spinicatjda, n. sp. (figs. 7, 8.) — O. aurantiaca, capite polito, punctato ; scgmento basali depressione
magna triangular: mediana; antennis ? 16 articulatis, antice pubescentibus ; latninis dentalibus, labio
niandibulisque subprofunde punotatis, margine antico rotundato ; denticulis labialibus 4, parvis, arete
coadunatis, indistinctissicnis; labio medio antice subcarinato ; seuto postremo maximo, subprofunde
punctato, alteris fere bis majore. lateiibus rotundatis, marginibus lateralibus valde elevatis; pedibus pos-
tremis robustis, supra complanatis, intus complanatis et rude punctatis, articulo basali tibiali fere
sequali ; femora, tibia, tarsisque margine interiore superiore acuto et serrulato, femora tibiaque margine
interiore inferiore quoque acuto ct serrulato; processu angulari parvo, spina unica robusta acuta;
appendicibus analibus lateralibus angustis, postice truncatis, dense profunde punctatis, singula spina
unica apicali minutissima; squama preanali elongata, subprofunde punctata, media leviter canaliculata.

The color varies greatly in depth of shade, but the two ends are almost always
darker than the intermediate portion of the body ; the feet, with the exception of last
pair, are generally lighter. The cephalic segment is slightly emarginate in front.
The suture between the true basilar segment and the prebasilar fold is very deep,
formed by two lines rapidly divergent from the centre, and at the central portion there
is cpuite a large triangular depression. In some the scuto-episcutal sutures are well
marked. The posterior border of the scuta is straight. The terminal scutum is
nearly twice as large as any of the others, deeply punctate, and without a sulcus or
any traces of the sutures. The last pair of legs are dark in color, short and very
robust ; their basilar joint, besides the terminal spine, is often furnished with one or
two small ones on either the inferior or superior internal margin. They present the
peculiar crossing of the nails found in the other species. The other legs are somewhat
compressed.

Specimens belonging to Smithsonian Institution.

264
347

10
1

South Illinois. R. Kennicott.

Cook Co., 111. R. Kennicott.

Uno. 1— 2J
.< o

Gen. 6. TIIEATOPS, Newp.*

" Ocelli distincti. Antennre breves, subulatae, 17 — articulatae. Segmentum cephalicum truncatum sub-
imbricatum ; margine labiali-denticulato. Pedum postremorum articulo magno, obconico, abbreviate
Pedum paria 21. Appendices anales laterales obtusse."

T. postica, Newp. — " T. aurantiaca, ocellis inconspicuis lateralibus, dentibus 8 minutis, segmento postremo
maximo elongato quadrato lateribus rotundato medio profunde sulcato margine posteriore transverso,
pedibus postremis brevibus crassis rotundatis attenuatis; articulo basali brevissimo. Long. unc. 8-10."

Crypt, postica, Say, Journ. A. N. S. Pliilad. ii. p. 112 ; Oiuvr. Entom. i. p. 24 ; Gervais, Ann. Sci. Nat.
Janv. 1837, p. 51, sp. 5; Apt. iv. p. 294; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Anim. Artie, p. 547, sp. 5; Newp. Ann.
Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 110."

Theatops postica, Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 410; Catal. British Mus. (Myriap.) p. 61.

" Hub. — In Georgia, Floridaque Orientali."

*Linn. Trans, xix. p. 410.

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 37

•• The mandibles are short, thick, and have a distinct basal tooth ; the dental plates
are elongated and widely separated; the teeth 8, minute but distinct. The basal joint
of the posterior pair of legs much shorter than the second, which is twice as long as
the succeeding joints. The lateral anal appendages deeply punctured. Preanal scale
Hat, with a median longitudinal sulcus and scattered punctures, with the margin
straight."

We have never seen a specimen of this species.

Gen. 7. SCOLOPENDROPSIS, Brandt*
" Des yeux au nombre de 4 p:ii r. ~ ; '_' : paires de pieds; stigmatea peut-etre cribriformes ?"
Not yet found in N. America.

Gen. 8. SCOLOPOCRYPTOPS, New

li nulli, seguienta podophora 23, postremnm angustam ; segmentum cephalicum iinbricatum. Labium

cdcutulum. Antennae 17 articulates.

S 3EXSPINOSA, Newp. — S, saturate aurantiaca; pedibus flavis, subcomprcssis ; antennis flavis, intcrdum au-
rantiacis, pubesccntibus ; capite labio mandibulis scutis sternisque punotatis; segmento ccphalico sub-
ovato ; labii margine antico ferc recto ; scuto postremo angusto, longo ; pedibus postremis elongatis,
baud pilosis, articulo basali tibiali longiore, spina unica magna in superficie inferiore et altera minore
mediana in margine superiore interno et rare altera articulari minutissima ; appendicibus analibus late-
ralibua valde elongatis, profunde dense punctatis, singula spina apicali uniea, alteraque minutissima in
angulo superiore posteriore; squama preanali postice vix emarginata.
Cryptops texspinosus, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Soi. ii. p. 112, 1821, id (Lequien ed.) (Euvres Entom. i.

p. lit ; Gervais, Ann. Sc. Nat. Janv. 1837, p. 51 ; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Anim. Art. p. 547 ; Ncwp., in Ann.

and Mag. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 100.

S — '. Newp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 407; Gervais., Apt. iv. p. 297, et Tabl. Myriap.

Amer. (Exp. Ameriq. du Sud, part, sept.) p. 36.

In this species the superior spine of the lateral anal appendages is very minute and
occasionally present only on one side. The color varies from milk-white to a dark
reddish orange. The lighter shades are found in those individuals which have recently
shed their skins. The color given in our diagnosis may be considered as that which
characterizes the species, being the one at which it finally arrives. The inferior sur-
face of the posterior legs is marked with an elongate whitish blotch. The preanal
scale is rather short and much narrowed posteriorly. We have examined a number
of specimens, and have found the articular spine but in a few. We recently observed
an individual just completing the operation of shedding his skin. This was crowded
hack so as to cover only the last two or three segments, giving the animal a very
peculiar appearance. He soon, however, drew himself out of the old garment with

*Recueil. p. 177, 1840. fLiuu. Trans, xix. pp. 275, 405.

10

38

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

many contortions. On examining it, we found that it contained the derm of the head
and all its appendages, even to the maxillas and maxillary palpi. The anterior por-
tion of the skin was so torn as to show that the process of shedding probably com-
menced by the creature's withdrawing its head from its case, and then thrusting it
out between some of the anterior sterna, completing the process by pushing the skin
back with its legs aiding them by a peculiar wriggling motion. The exuvia has most
of the posterior segments entire, showing that the occupant has been withdrawn from
it like a hand from a glove. The animal is of a milk-white color, with the antennas
pubescent, and the lateral anal appendages not elongate and without spines. The
lower spine on basal joint of last pair of legs is very small, and the upper one scarcely
perceptible. We once had the pleasure of observing a female guarding the young.
Being on her side, with her body coiled around them, she, by a rapid, cilia-like action
of her feet, would pass them along and arrange them to suit her. This species is
one of the most common chilopods around Philadelphia. The southern specimens
are much larger, stouter and more highly colored than those from colder regions.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

•273

4

Salem, N. C.

J. T. Linneback.

Une. H— 2

281

5

Cook Co., Illinois.

R. Kennicott.

" U— 1

263

27

South Illinois.

R. Kennicott.

" 11—2

81

6

Mississippi.

Mr. Wailes.

21

3

Carlisle, Pa.

Prof. Baird.

284

3

Charleston.

?

32

1

St. Louis.

Dr. Engelmann.

" U

274

1

En route from N. Orleans to Galveston.

E. R. Andrews.

S. GRACILIS, n. sp. — S. ferruginea ; capite labioque leviter punetato, segmento-cephalieo subovato ; antennis
pubescentibus ; labii margine antico modiee angusto, lateribus obliquis apice emarginato et angulis aeutis ;
pedibus flavis subcompressis ; scutis sternisque vis punctatis; pedibus postremis gracillibus, elongatis,
singula spinis duobus S. sexspinosa: illis simillimis, articulo basali tibiali longiore, articulis tribus ultimis
pubescentibus ; appendicibus analibus lateralibus elongatis, rude punctatis, singula spina apicali unica
(iuterdum bifida) alteraque minutissima in augulo superiore posteriore ; squama prcanali elongata, punc-
tata, postico late emarginata.

Color in all of our specimens lighter and more ferruginous- than the typical color of
S. sexspinosa, but further investigations may show that that of this form also darkens
with age. Prebasilar fold generally well marked. Scuto-episcutal sutures distinct;
sterno-episternal absent, but a suture marking the line of coalescence of the primitive
sterna is often very apparent. This species is closely allied to the preceding as well
as to the following. It differs from both in the shape of the anterior margin of the
labium, in the scarcity of punctations on the body, and in the pubescence of distal
portion of the last pair of feet. The superior spine of the lateral anal appendages is
perhaps a little larger than in S. sexspinosa, but certainly smaller than in S. spinicauda.
The white blotches beneath the posterior feet are common to all the North American
species.

oN THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 39

Specimens !>• the Smith

1 | Is | Fort Tejon, California. | J. Xantus de Vesey. | | Unc. f— 2 |

S. spinicacda, n. sp. — S. aurantiaca, polita; capite labio mandibulis sternisque profunde punctatis; seg-
mento-cepbalico subovato; aDtennis pubescentibus; labii margine antico lato, fere recto, medio vix
emarginato; scutis modice i punctatis, marginibus lateralibus elevatis; pedibus postremia

eloDgatis, gracillibus, sj.inis duobus S. - xspinosae illi> siniillimis, articulo basal i (ihiali longiore; appen-
dioibns analibua lateralibus valde . rude punctatis, singula spina apicali uniea alteraque in

angulo posteriore superiors; squama preanali modice breve, postico rotundata, \i\- em

The head is deeply punctate. The scuta somewhat rugous with the sento-episcutal
sutures traceable. The sterna are without any traces of sutures. The whole body is
more or less deeply punctate. The superior posterior angle of the lateral anal appen-
dages is slightly prolonged and armed with a rather small black spine, which is. how-
ever, considerably larger than in any other species known to us. The posterior legs
are exactly like those of S. sexspinosa, Newp.

i t<i Smithsonian Institution.

283

■ >

Shoal Water Bay,W. T.

Gov. I. I. Ste\

Dr. •) . t 'oopcr.

Unc. 1&— 2

L53

6

■Ml.

■;

?

" 11—15

L89

1

N. Western 1. S.

A Campbell.

Dr. Kennedy.

11 "

. n. sp. — S. aurantiaca, pedibus comprcssis, tlavis ; capite mandibulis labio sternisque minute
punctatis ; segmento cephalico subovato; labio medio cmarginato fere sicut in S. gracile, margine antico
rotundato ; pedibus postremis modice robustis, singula spinis duobus S. sexspinosaj illis siniillimis, ar-
ticulo tibial) basali fere aequali, tibia tarso metatai ique pubescentibus; appendicibus analibus late-
ralibus ImyiliMs. rule punctatis, singula spina apicali alteraque minutissima iu angulo superiore poste-
riere; squama preanali modi ibtus convexa, margine postico interdum late cmarginato.

This species is closely allied to S. gracilis, and it is possible that further specimens
may show that the characters on which we rely in separating them vary. The dif-
ferences are as follows: The labium closely resembles that of the first described
species, but has the character perhaps not so well marked. The posterior pair of legs
tire more robust, with the tibia about equal to the lemur in length, and pubescent.
The lateral anal appendages are shorter and separated inferiorly by a much narrower
space. The preanal scale is rather broader and more bent o^er the lateral anal ap-
pendages; and, finally, judging from our specimens, this species seems to attain to a
larger size.

Spi 'onging to the Smithsonian Institution.

308 | 5 | California. I ' I ? I Uuc- H — ^-1 |

Besides the above described species, there is in the collection the following foreign
specimen :

S. '," ADEATIOEPS, n. sp. — S. brunnea, venuste polita; capite saturate rubrn, profunde punetato; segmento
cephalico quadrato, antice haud angustato, medio emarginato, augulis rotundatis ; antennis antice pubes-
centibus ; labio profunde punctate, margine antico lato, medio leviter emarginato; mandibulis profunde

t

40 ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

punctatis, singula tubcrculo magno ; scutis rare punctatis, posterioribus marginibus lateralibus elevatis ;
pedibus postremis valde elongatis, gracillimis, asperis, singulo spinis dnobus S. sexspinosae illis siniilli-
bus sed multo elongatioribus, articulo tibiali basali fere sequali ; appendicibus analibus lateralibus valde
elongatis, rude punctatis, singula spina apieali uniea longa alteraque minutissima in angulo superiore
posteriore ; squama preanali antiee ct postice angustata, postice truncata sed baud euiarginata.

The color of the body approximates to a dark bronze. Both the dorsum and the
belly are very highly polished. The scuto-episcutal sutures apparent, the sterno-
episternal absent. The posterior pair of legs are more than half an inch in length,
very slender and have their distal portion tinged with green. The sterna are im-
punctate.
355 | 1 | Choco, N. Grenada. | A. Scbott. | | Unc. 2| |

Gen. 9. NEWPORTIA, Gervais.*

"P edes posteriores longissitni artieulis 14, cbaracteres eseteri ut in genere prtecedente."

Not yet found in N. America.

Subfamilia II. IIETEROSTOMINiE, Newp.t

Spiracula magna, circularia, baud valvularia, in paribus 10.

Gen. 10. RHYSIDA.J

" Antenna; pedesque elongati. Dentes triangulares acuti, mandibularis maximus. Spiracula circularia,
membramt branchiformi corrugata intus vestita. Pedes postremes graciles, spinis minutis, articulari
plerumque obsoletfi."
Branchiostoma, Newp., Linn. Trans, xix. p. 411.

As the name given by Mr. Newport is preoccupied, having been used by Costa for
a genus of fishes, we would suggest the one above. This genus has not as yet been
found in N. America.

Gen. 11. HETEROSTOMA, Newp.||

"Antennae elongatse, 20 artieulatae. Segmcntum cepbalicum parvum, antiee rotundatum; basilare latum,
margine anteriore transverse Dentes maximi, lanceolati, acuti. Spiracula magna cribriformia, in
paribus 10. Pedes postremi spinis validis armati."

Not as yet found in N. America.

Gen. 12. EUCORYBAS, Gerstacker.

"Antennae 19 articulata;. Caput primo thoracis annulo reeeptum. Pedum paria 21, posterioribus lon-
gioribus; pedes ultimi paris articulo primo sub-cylindrico baud dentato, altero intus excavato, ceteris
in laminas foliaceas perversis."§

Not yet found in N. America.

* Apt. iv. p. 298. f Linn. Trans, vol. xix. p. 410.

% puras, corrugatis. Iu allusion to the structure of the mouth.

|| Linn. Trans, vol. xix. p. 413. ? Gerstacker, Stettin Entom. Zcit. 1854, p. 310.

(i.N THE CIIILOPUDA OF NORTH AMERICA. I I

Fain. V. GEOPHILIDiE, Loach.*
ngula subsegmentis duobus completis sed insequalibus efforniata, el pedum par
unicum geretitia. Oculi nulli. Antennas 14 articulates. Pedes anales breves, styliformes.

The family character of this group, which first attracts attention, is the large number
of segments, each of which is composed of two unequal subsegments. The boundaries
' of the respective scuta of each pair of the latter are well marked by sutures. &c., but
the sterna are completely consolidated. The head varies in form, size, &c., and fur-
nishes the principal generic characters. The number of joints of the antennas is fixed
tor the family, hut nevertheless good specific, ami even generic, characters are derivable
from these organs. The mosi important specific characters besides those before
alluded to are founded upon, firstly, the peculiarities as to size, shape, proportion. &c.,
o[' the component portions of the head and its appendag ondly, the color ami

form of the body and the number of segments composing it ; thirdly, the structure of
Legs, especially of the last pair; and. finally, the markings and suture- of the scuta
and sterna. We have never had an opportunity of examining large suites of speci-
mens, so as to determine as to the constancy of the various characters enumerated,
hut they probably do not vary a great deal.

Gen. 1. MECISTOCEPHALUS, Newp.f

mentum cepbalicum elongatum, angustum, latitudine plus duj Antennae approximates,

articulis obconicis. Subsegmentum prebasale sejunctum Bed basale subbasaleque coalita. Mandibular
magnse, intus denticulate. ( Fig.
M. 11 i, \ i s, n. sp. — M. fulvus, politus; capite dilute aurantiaco, punctato, pilis longis rigidis paucie ; seg-
mento cephalico antice truncato, postice illieo angustato et vis truncate; antennis longis, pilis longis
rigidis multis; labio profunde punctato, antice euiarginato, medio sulco impresso; mandibulis distincte
punctatis, pilis rigidis paucis, quadridentatis ; segmento anali piloso; pedibus pilis longis, paribus 57.
ophilus an -ay, Jouru. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1st series, vol. ii.

Cephalic segment scarcely narrowed at all. except at the posterior end, where it is
rapidly contracted, being indeed rounded oil'. Body slender and polished.
Scuto-episcutal and sterno-episternal sutures very distinct, as well as those
between the primitive -tenia. We have found this species around Phila-
delphia, although not very abundantly. They appear to affect the inner
bark or liber of decaying logs, especially that of the locust. (Robinht pseuda-
caeia, L.) We have, however , occasionally observed them under stones. It Fig 9
may possiblj be Geophilus attenuatus, but that species can never be determined from
Saj 's description.

M. MELANONOXT S, n. sp. — M. parvus, gracillis, dilute aurantiacusj lineis duobus dorsalibus, Iatis, nigris,
e capite ad segmentum pcnultiniuni ductis ; capite dense minutissimc punctato, sparse breve pilosis;

I. inn. Trans, xi. |"Proc. Zool. Soc. Dei L842, p L79

II

42 ON THE CIIILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

antennis sparse pilosis ; labio dense minutissime punctato, medio valde canaliculate, utrinque maculis
tribus nigris; mandibulis intus vis denticulatis ; iateribus nigro maeulatis; scuto postremo dilute au-
rantiaco ; suturis scuto episcutalibus indistinctis; pedibus corn pressis, utrinque fere 50, pari postrcino
gracille ; sternis suturis sterno-epistcrnalibus et sulco mediano impressis.

The two black bands are somewhat irregular and so broad that it would, perhaps,
be correct to describe the dorsum as black, with a single median and two longitudinal
light stripes. The labium has, in our specimen, three black dots on each side, but
we suspect that these are not constant. The mandibles have, on their inner edge,
the rudiments of a denticle. We have had great difficulty in determining the number
of feet in our specimen, but think that fifty pairs are very near the mark.

There is in the Museum of the Academy a single specimen, collected in Georgia
by Dr. John Le Conte. The length is about an inch.

M. limatus, n. sp., (fig. 9). — M. ? aurantiacus, venuste politus; eapite appendicibusque saturate rubris, seg-
mento cephalico ordinatim punctato, a fronte ordinatim angustato, segmento basali labioque Iambus ;
antennis sparse longe pilosis ; labio valde emarginato, medio leviter canalieulato ; mandibulis magnis, pilis
longissimis, singula denticulationibus magnis, obtusis, 4 ; pedibus flavis ?, pilosis, utrinque 43 — 44,
postremis valde elongatis ; scuto postremo elongate

The alcohol, in which our specimens were preserved, having evaporated, they are
in such a condition that we can only guess at the original color of the body and feet.
The scuto-episcutal sutures are very distinct, as well as the subsegmental sutures of
each fully-formed segment. The sterna are furnished with a median sulcus deeply
marked on the posterior, but obsolescent on the anterior portion of most of them.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
310 | 3 | California. | ? | ? | Unc. 21 |

Of foreign species there are in the collection of the Smithsonian the following speci-
mens :

M. rubriceps, n. sp. — M. flavus, aut dilute aurantiacus; eapite rubro, magno; segmento cephalico postiee
illico angustato, haud rotundato, basalique et labio mandibulisque punotatis ; antennis proximis valde
pilosis, ultimis pubescentibus ; mandibulis crassis, pilis paucis, singula denticulis magnis obtusis 5;
corpore supra subtusque linea media obscura; pedibus pilosis, utrinque 48, paribus postremis valde
elongatis, graeillibus.

Color of the antennae between that of the head and body, being a shade of orange.
Cephalic segment with the posterior third rapidly narrowed and subtruncate. Labium
scarcely emarginate in front, and with the median sulcus scarcely apparent. Dorsum,
as well as the belly, with a central dark stripe, that on the lower surface much nar-
rower but more distinct than the other. Scuto-episcutal sutures not very distinct.
This species resembles M. punctifrons, but besides the difference in the teeth the head
does not agree with Mr. Newport's figure, nor does he make any mention of the

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. | :;

stripes ; which .so accurate an observer could scarcely Tail to have aoticed if they had
existed. As we have uever seen a specimen of M. puncti/rona, it is out of our power
to make a minute comparative diagnosis.

l'.V.) | -l | Bonin Mauds. I N. Pacific Expl. Exp. | Wm. Stimpson, M. I). | Unc. 2i |

M. pilosi s, n. sp. — M. Bavus, capite rubro; segmento cephalico antice emarginato, profunde punctate, a
front e ordinatim angustato ; capite maudibulis pedibus acutiaque pilosis ; mandibulis distiucte tridenta-
lis; pedum paribus proxime !

Tlie coloration of this species is almost identical with M. rubriceps. The puncta-
tions on the cephalic segment resemble those on M. punctifrons. The cephalic seg-
ment narrows more gradually from the front, with its anterior angles more rounded
and the emargination deeper than in .1/. rubriceps. The number of feet given ahove
is unfortunately only approximate, as the alcohol having dried oil' the specimen, it is
in a condition hardly lit to describe from.

262 j I j Hong Kong. | N. Pacific. Expl. Exp. | Wm. Stimpson, M.D. | Unc, 1 \ \

M. Tahiteensis, n. sp. — M. aurantiacus, capite saturate rubido-brunneo ; segmento cepbalico, sparse pro-
funda punctato, a fronte sed postice illicius angustato, antice posticequc truncato; mandibulis pilosis in-
distinct.' quadridentioulatis ; labio leviter punctato, vix emarginato, haud oanaliculato ; antennis proximis
pilosis, ultimis pubesoentibus ; pedibus elongatis, utrinque 47, pilosis, et supcrfieie ventrali dilute
aurantiacis ; suturis sterno-episternalibus seuto-episcutalibusque indisXinctis ; sternis sulco medio leviter
impressis; pedum pari postremo elongato, gracilli.

:;iil I 1 I Tahiti. | N. Pacific Expl. Exp. j Wm. Stimpson, M. I). | Unc. IJ. |

|M. spissi s, n. sp. — M. dilute* aurantiacus, robustus ; capite saturate aurantiaco, punctato; segmento cephalico
magno, CO lundc punctato, a fronte sed postice illicius angustato; mandibulis punctatis, maximis,

crassis, intus pilosis, singula denticulationibu btusis; labio copiose profunde punctato, sparse

piloso, antice valde anguste emarginato, bidentato, medio valde canaliculato ; antennis brcvibus sub-
acuminatis, sparsissime pilosis; scutis irregulariter rugosis; suturis scuto-episcutalibus indistinctis ;
sternis mediis canaliculars; pedibus graeillibus subcompressis, breve pilosis, utrinque 44.
348 | 1 | Oahu or Kaiu. | Commodore Terry. | Unc.

Gen. 2. GEOPHILUS, Leach*

Geophilus long Gervais, Apt. iv. p. 313.

NecrophUeophagxiSj Newp., Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 180.

Arthronomalus, Xewp., Linn. Trans, six. p. 430; et Catal. Brit. Mus. Myriap. p. 83; haud Geophilus
Newport et imitatores.

Segmentum cephalicum subquadratum. Segmentum prebasale haud scjunctum, sed basali abso-
lute coalitum. Segmenti basalis margo posticus antico multo latior. Segmentum subbasale
sejunctum. Mandibular ruodicrc, interdum denticulate. Antennar capite multo longiores,
subapproximatx articulis in.xqualibus. Labium plerumque emarginatum. (Fig. 10.)

* Liuu. Traus. xi. p. 384.

M ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

Since GeopMlus carpophagus is the type of the original genus as instituted by Dr.
Leach, the name Geophilus must be used for this section, to which G. carpophagus
belongs, and not for that to which Mr. Newport applies it. Mr. Gervais does not
adopt any of these genera, much to our surprise, for they appear to us as clearly and
even beautifully defined as almost any that we have ever seen in any department of
nature.

G. cephalicus, n. sp. — G. antice obscure aurantiacus, postice saturate olivaceus; capite magno, latis-
simo, saturate aurantiaco ; segmento cephalico antice haud emarginato, sparse inordinate punctato,
niarginibus lateralibus arcuatis ; antennis modice longis, valde pilosis; labio sparse inordinate punctato,
medio canaliculate, antice emargiuato; pedibus longis, flavescentibus, pilosis, utrinque 48; suturis
scuto-episcutalibus conspicuis ; superficie ventrali, antice aurantiaca, postice saturate olivacea; sternis
suturis sterno-episternalibus et depressione ruediana impressis.

The body is very wide, as is also the head ; the prebasilar segment of the latter is
very strongly widened posteriorly. The mandibles have on the inner side one or two
excessively minute denticulations. The anterior portion of the body is a dilute
orange, but a short distance from the head a dark stripe commences, which, gradually
widening, soon involves the whole surface in a very dark olive tint. The scuta are un-
even and variously wrinkled. This form differs from the following in having the head
very much broader, and the cephalic segment not emarginate anteriorly ; the labium
much more deeply canaliculate, and the number of segments not so great. Still it is
possible that the differences are only sexual, and having but one specimen of each, we
cannot decide this point. The creature was caught in this neighborhood by my friend
Dr. Horn. We append a description of what may be the female of this species.

G. ? — ('[.saturate aurantiacus, rubustus, politus ; capite parvo, segmento cephalico parvo, antice

leviter emarginato, niarginibus lateralibus rotundatis ; antennis modice longis, postice pilosis, antice
fere pubescentibus ; maudibulis parvis, indistinctissime tridentatis; labio medio leviter canaliculate,
antice leviter emarginato, sparse subprofunde punctato ; pedibus brevibus, sparsissime pilosis, utrinque
51.

Sterno-episternal sutures well marked, but not as deeply as the scuto-episcutal.
Surface of the most of the scuta quite uneven, sometimes almost coarsely rugose.
Dorsum with a very indistinct dark median stripe, more apparent on the posterior
portion.

Specimen belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
27 | 1 | Cumberland, Md. | ? | ? | Unc. 1? |

G. LiEVis, n. sp. — G aurantiacus, modice robustus; linea mediana dorsali, duplici, nigra, passim obsoleta,
ad segmentum penultimum ducta; capite modice magno, leviter punctato, segmento basali breve; an-
tennis sparse pilosis ; labio saturate aurantiaco, leviter convexo, sparse leviter punctato, medio valde cana-
liculate, antice emarginato; maudibulis haud denticulatis ; suturis scuto-episcutalibus modice distinctis ;
pedibus utrinque 53 ; superficie ventrali linea mediana unica, obsoleta, nigra; sternis suturis ct depres-
sione mcdiano impressis.

oN TIIE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

I-

The cephalic segment has the sides moderately arched, with the anterior angles
very strongly rounded. The dorsal median line is entirely wanting on the anterior
portion of the body. The feet generally are without any hairs, bul there are a few
on some of them. There are two specimens in the museum of the Academy, collected
in ( teorgia by Dr J. Le < lonte.

(',. bukvicobnis, a. sp. — G. saturate aurantiacus, robustuS, venuste politus; capito aurantiaco ; segmento
cephalico parvo, sparse subprofunde punctato ; antennis pilosis, brevibus ; mandibulis sparsissime pilosis,
indistincte quadridentatis, utrinque denticulo unieo (interdum duobus) modiee magno; labio subpro-
f'unde puni'tato, antice emarginato, medio canaliculate ; pedibu-; compressis utr'iDque ('in mare) 55,
(? in femina. i ?

Scuto-episcutal sutures very distinct, as are also the sterno-episternal. Scuta gene-
rall\ quite smooth. Body of each of our specimens subcylindrical. We were at firsl
disposed to consider these as the males of the following species, but it seems to us most
probable that they are distinct. The principal differences are found, first, in the size
of the cephalic segment and length of antennas; second, in the punctations of the head ;
and finally, in the number of segments and robustness of body.

Specimens belonging /■> th> Smithsonian Institution.

:;.->(■

Oil the route from Xew Orleans to Galveston.
S. Illinois.

E. 15. Andrews.
K Kcnnicott.

Tnc. 2.

(!. BIPUNCTICEPS, n. sp — (I. dilute aurantiacus, gracilis, venuste politus; segmento cephalico saturate au-
rantiaco, magno, antice leviter emarginato, ct labio mandibulisque et copiose profundo et dense minutis-
sime punotatia ; antennis modiee longis, dense pilosis, antice fere pubescentibus ; labio leviter emargin-
ato, medio canalioulato ; mandibnl is, indistinote quadridentatis, utrinque denticulo unico
(interdum duobus) modiee magna; pedibus brevibus, sparsissime pilosis, utrinque (in mare '!) (il (in
femina ?) 63.

The general arrangement of the larger punctations on the cephalic segment is as
follows: On each side of the posterior mesian portion there is a longitudinal series
of punctations ; on each side of the latter is a broad patch of the same, and anteriorly
they are disposed in transverse series. No such method is discoverable in the pre-
ceding species. The color in all the specimens we have seen is somewhat lighter, and
the body less robust and perhaps more uniform than in Q. brevicornis. The labium
is of the same shade as the cephalic segment, but the basilar and subbasilar are colored
like the body. The dorsum has occasionally an indistinct dark median stripe. The
scuto-episcutal and sterno-episternal sutures are very distinct. The sterna have a me-
dian groove. We have seen an individual belonging to the collection of the Museum
of Comparative Zoology, which has 65 pairs of feet on each side, but yet in other
respects agree entirely with the others.

Spei imens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.

266

3

South Illinois.

R. Kennicott.

285

1

Cbarleston.

?

279

5

Sonora.

T D. Graham.

Unc. 1J— 2k

46 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

Gen. 3. GONIBREGMATUS, Newp.*

" Antennas filiformes, subapproximatre. Segmentum cephalicum breve, transversum, cordiforrne, antice acute
triangulare ; basilare cephalico latius, subbasilari brevius. Mandibulrc magnre, arcuata3, prominentes,
contorts. Labium brevissimum, transversum, margine integro piominente. Corpus subconvexum
elongatum sequale; segmentis numerosis, posterioribus 2 vel 3 incrassatis tuberosis."

This genus has not as yet been found on the North American Continent.

Gen. 4. STRIGAMIA, Ssegerf.

Antennae approximatae. Segmentum cephalicum parvum, breve plerumque subtriangulare, antice angus-
tatum. Corpus depressum antice attcnuatum. Segmenta pedesque nuinerosae. Styli anales breves,
antenniformes. (Fig. 11.)

Geophilus, Leach, p.

Strigamia, Gray, p.

Geophilus, Newp., et imitatores.

As we have before shown, the type of Leach's genus Geophilus
belongs to the section Arthronomalus of Newp. ; and Arthronomalus
must be replaced by Geophilus, and a new name given to Geophilus,
Newp.

S. bothriopus, n. sp. — S. laete rubens, robusta; segmento cephalico rare punctato, piloso; antennis
pilosis, inodice longis, haud acuminatis; mandibulis pilosis, intus dente niagno, conico, acuto armatis;
labio piloso, antice profunda emarginato, medio canaliculate; scutis pilosis, latis, brevibus, sine suturis;
pedibus plerumque flavis, dense pilosis, utrinque 50; paris postretni coxis magnis, foveis minutis
multis impressis ; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et sulco medio obsoleto signatis.

The body is widest in the middle, but is much narrower at the anterior than at
the posterior extremity. The last pair of feet are scarcely longer than the preceding.
This species closely resembles E. rubem, Say, and may possibly prove identical with
it, as the descriptions of that form are as usual quite meagre. We have in our pos-
session two specimens from Broad Top Mountain, Huntingdon Co., Pa., and one from
Montgomery Co., collected by Mr. E. D. Cope. The largest is about an inch in
length.

S. rubens. — S. " saturate aurantiaca ; linea mediana duplici nigra e segmento corporis primo ad
penultimum ducta, segmento cephalico subcordato, antennis pilosis, labio mandibulisque lasvigatis
punctis raris, mandibulis nigris pedum paribus 50. Long. unc. lj."
Geophilus rubens, Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philada. 1st series, vol. ii. ; CKuvr. Entom. i. p. 25; Gerv.

in Ann. Sci. Nat. 1837, p. 52 ; Apt. iv. p. 320 ; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Anim. Art. p. 549 ; Newp. Ann. and Mag.

Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 101 ; Linn. Trans, six. p. 435 ; Catal. Brit. Mus. Myriapoda, p. 87.

" Hab. — In America boreali."
Species mihi ignota.

* Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 181- f Proc. Acad. vol. viii.

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 17

S. fi i \ i, Sieger. — S. fulvo-aurantiaoa, polita; corpore antice attenuate ; capiteparvo; segmento cepha-

lico subtriangulare, impunctato; antennis 1 lice longis, filiformibus, haud acumiuatis, sparse pilosis,

articulis obconicis; mandibulis brevibus, crassis, singula dcnticulo modice magno conico; labio breve,
arjtice medio valde emarginato, impunctato; scutis interdum linea media ol una; pedibus modice

longis, pilosis, gracilibus, cylindricis, utrinque 17, pari postremo (in marry; robusto, breve acuminato
articulis obconicis, (in femina?); sternis suturis stemo-episternalibus e( suleo mediano lato impressis.
S rigamiafulva, Sieger, Proc. Acad. \ it. Scien. vol. viii. p. 109.

The color of this graceful little animal is an orange, approaching somewhat to
fulvous. The antennae are very thread-like; but the posterior feet, in our only speci-
men, are very thick, being more so in the middle than at either end. The median
linear depressions in the sterna are often dilated in their centre. The type of this

species is in the Museum of the Academy.

Specimen belonging to tin Smithsonian Institution.

349 | 1 | South Illinois. | R. Kennicott. | Una 1 | • |

S BIDENS, n. sp, — S. aurantiaca, venuste polita; segmento cepbalico triangulare, anticc truncato, sparse
late punctato, margine antico postico nonnihil latiore; antennis brevibus, filiformibus, articulis ob-
conicis; labio sparse late punctato, sulco obsoleto, margine antico denticulis duobus obsoletis obtusis
armato; mandibulis intus miuute unidenticulatis ; suturis scuto-episcutalibus nullis; pedibus utrinque
Tii, cylindricis, pans postremi coxis niagnis, foveis signatis; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et sulco
median impressis ; squama prcanali infra convexa.

The coxae of the las! pair of feet are very large. Their inferior surface is convex,
and indented with from twenty to thirty small, round pits, irregularly arranged in rows.
The remainder of the feet are. in our specimen, slender. We presume that the ahove
character is persistent in both sexes, but cannot be certain on this point. There is a,
single specimen in the Museum of the Academy, labelled as having been found near
Philadelphia by Joseph Leidy,M.D. We have never met with it whilst collecting.
The length is about tin inch and a half.

S. Whitei. — S. " capite aurantiaco, corpore flavo-virente. segmento cepbalico brevi subcordato, antennis
nudis, moniliformibus. labio levitcr longitudinaliter cristato, utrinque oblique sulcato, pedum paribus
74. Long. unc. 1 \."
phUus Whitei, Ncwp., Linn. Trans, xix. p. LJ'i ; Grervais, Apteres iv. p. 321.
"Eab. — In America Boreali."
Species niihi ignota.

S. bidens \- closely allied to this species, but almost the only point of agreement is
the number of pairs of legs. Mr. Newport's description is, however, meagre, and we
have never seen a specimen entirely corresponding with it.

G. attentates, Say, Journ. Acad. Xat. Sci. 1st series, vol. ii. p. 114.

We have not been able to learn any thin- as to what species Mr. Say referred in
his description, which throws no light on the subject; possibly it belonged to the
genus Meeistocephalus.

48 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

8. ljevipes, n. sp. — S. aurantiaea, robusta; oapite modice uiagno, rare obsolete punctato, sparse piioso;
seginento basilari margine antieo postieo nonnihil latiore; mandibulis magnis, singula intus denti-
culo inagno aeuto armata ; dente mandibulari, gracile, longo; scutis latis, brevibus, suturis scuto-epis-
cutalibus nullis ; pedibus modice longis. utrinque 69, pari postremo (in mare?) longo, valde incrassato,
illieo acuminata, articulis obcouicis, (in femina?) parvo, gracile, articulis subcylindricis ; suturis stcrno-
episternalibus distinctis; squama preanali postice valde angustata.

One of the specimens lias the last pair of legs very thick and long and vertically
compressed. They are composed of eight joints, all of which are obconic except the
last, which is very short and rapidly acuminate. This individual we believe to be
the male. The other, the female, has the hindmost legs very slender, with the coxal
joint proportionally very much larger than in the male.

Hub. — Georgia. Museum of Academy ; Dr. J. LeConte.

S. TVENIOPSIS, n. sp. — S. dilute fulva ; corpore valde depresso, modice lato, antice leviter angustato; capite
magno; segm#nto ceplialieo subtriangulare ; antennis brevibus, moniliformibus, postice leviter depressis,
crassis, antice cylindricis, haud acuminatis, pilis brevissimis mollibus paucis; labio breve, lato, antice
obsolete bidentato, sulco mediano leviter itnpresso ; mandibulis crassis; scutis brevissimis, sine suturis
sed interdum linea mediana obscura; sternis brevissimis, singulo depressione submediana ovata, in cor-
pore antieo conspicuissima ; pedibus brevibus. crassis, cylindricis, baud pilosis, utrinque 141, pari
postremo (in femina?) gracile, breve, (in mare?) ? Long. unc. 4J.

In our specimen the color is very light, but originally may possibly have been an
orange. The body is almost destitute of polish. The epimeral plates are very large.
We are indebted to Dr. J. L. Le Conte for the specimen, which he captured in the
mountains of Georgia.

S. maculaticeps, n. sp. — S. sordide aurantiaca, polita; corpore robusto, subsemicylindrico, antice modice
attenuato; capite modice parvo, obscure saturate rubro, minute albomaculato, in lateribus sparse piioso;
antennis loDgis, leviter pubescentibus, haud acuminatis ; mandibulis crassis, obscure quadridentatis,
pilis paucis, denticulo antieo utrinque magno, conico ; labio impunctato, antice vix emarginato, medio
canaliculato; pedibus modice longis, gracilibus, subcompressis, utrinque 77, et superfieie ventrali
sordide flavis; scutis lasvibus sine suturis; sternis laevibus, suturis sterno-episternalibus valde impressis
et plerumque postice depressionum irregulariter ovatorum transversarum pari; pedibus postremis
("stylis analibus") (in mare solum ?) robustissimis, supra subcomplanatis, subtus convexis, acuminatis.

The cephalic segment is slightly narrowed anteriorly, and the upper surface of the
whole head is marked with very small whitish dots. The anterior and posterior
extremities of the body are perhaps a little darker in color than the intervening
portion. The inferior aspect of the head is of the same color as the superior, contrast-
ing with the under surface of the body. Near the posterior border of each sterna
there is a pair of subequal oval transverse depressions. The legs are almost destitute
of hair, having occasionally, however, a few very short ones.

Specimen belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
294 | 1 | Upper Colorado. | Lieut. J. C. Ives, U. S. A. | H. B. Mollhausen. | Unc. 2d |

ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. \:>

S i ITICEPS, d. sp. — S. dilute aurantiaoa; capite magno, impunctato; o eepbalieo lato, br<

trans verso, quinqueaugulato, segmentis basal i subbasalique marginibus curvatis el angulis anticis pro-
longatis ; antennis brevibus, crassis, cylindicis, antice puboseeutiliu- ; 1 . nonnihil cow

baud canaliculate ; mandibalis par\ is, singula intus denticulo obtuso indistincto ; pedibus subcompressis,
gracilibus, utrinque 81, pari postremo (in mare solum i^ nonnihil crasso, cjlindrico, baud acuminato
coxis n: ;i u'ti i ^ ; -tvrn i -; depressione lineari-ovata transversa et suturia sterno-episternalibus signatis;
squama preanali valde canaliculata, postice valde emarginata, angulis posticis subacutis. Lon;.: one. 3.

The anterior of the two scuta covering each segment is very distinct from the
other, and is much wider at its posterior than at its anterior margin. The posterior
has its lateral margins arcuate but not elevated. The scuto-episcutal sutures are very
distinct. Posteriorly there is an obsolete dark median dorsal line.

//./A. — Texas. Museum of Comparative Zoology; Geo. Stolley, Esq.

5 OKPHALICA, n. sp.— S sordide dilute brunnea, Buperficie dorsali liueis pullis duabus, obsoletis; cor
pore uiou -t>>, antice leviter Bed postice illico valdeque angustato; capite magno; segmento

cephalico subtriangulare, impunctato, basali postice leviter dilatato ; antennis baavissimis, latis, depressis,
haud pilosis, artioulis brevissimis, elongate quadratis; labio inipunctato, medio canaliculato, antice
leviter emargioato ; mandibulis erassis, baud denticulatis ; scutis suturis scuto-episcutalibus leviter im-
pressis ; pedibusg racilibus, modice brevibus, baud pilosis, utrinque 7,~>, pari postremo (in femina solum ?)
parvo, gracile ; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et sulco mediano impres

The two dark lines on the dorsum are very obscure and are evanescent anteriorly.
The cephalic segment is quite acute anteriorly. The legs are rather lighter in color
than the body, and are shorter than in the preceding species.

Specimen belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
129 | 1 | California. | ? | | (Jnc. 2\ \

S PARVIi EPS, n sp. — 9 -aturate aurantiaca, polita ; corpore modice robusto, antice valde sed postice
leviter angustato; capite parvo, segmento cepbalico suborbiculare, impunctato; antennis modice longis,
61iformibus, baud acuminatis, Bparse pilosis, articulis vix obconicis; mandibulis crassis, sparse breve
pilosis, obscure tridcnticulatis, denticulo antico utrinque magno conico acuto; labio lato, breve impunc-
tato, antice vix emarginato, sulco mediano obscure impresso; scutis sine suturis; pedibus modice longis,
gracilibus, pilis brevibus paucis. et supcrtieie ventrali sordide aurantiaeis, utrinque 71, pari pos-
tremo (in femina solum ''.) parvo, gracile ; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et sulco mediano impresso.

In the only specimen that we have seen the mandibles are perfect, with the excep-
tion that they lack the mandibular tooth, probably the result of an accident; but it is
rather curious that both should be lost and the remainder of mandibles be uninjured.
Tin' head appears to he destitute of punctations.

Specimen belonging to tin Smithsonian Institution.
:;ll I 1 I California. | I ? I f'nc- -1 I

S. EiMi.F.l'TiCA, n. sp. — S. polita; corpore antiee valde sed postice modice angustato, supra saturate sed
subtus dilute aurantiaco; capite parvo; segmento cephalico suborbiculare, sparse minute albomaeulato;

13

50 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

segment basili subbasali lorigiore ; antennis longis, filiformibus, baud aeuminatis, parti in pubeseentibus,
articulis vix obconicis ; mandibulis crassis, distinote tridenticulatis, denticulo antico magno, conico,
acuto; labio convexo, copiose minute albornaculato, antice leviter emarginato, suleo mediano impresso;
scutis longis, latis, sine suturis; pedibus gracilibus, niodice longis, dilute aurantiacis, utrinque 81, pari
postremo (in femina solum ?) parvo, gracife, baud antenniforme; sternis suturis sternoepisternalibus et
sulco mediano impressis.

This is much the largest Geophilid as jet found within our limits. The greatest
breadth of the scuta is about two lines. The white dots on its head are very minute,
resembling punctations.

Specimen belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
297 | 1 | Puget's Sound. | A. Campbell, Com. N. W. B. S. | Dr. C. 13. Kennerly. | Unc. b$ |

S. CHIONOPHILA, n. sp — S. aurantiaca gracilis, parva, venuste polita; segmento cephalico fere sub-
quadrato, postice medio canaliculato ; antennis pilosis haud aeuminatis, articulis (ultimo excepto)
obconicis; mandibulis dente modico in margine interno armatis ; suturis scuto-episcutalibus interdum
obsoletis sed plerum^ue distiuctis ; pedibus pilosis utrinque 43, pari postremo (in femina solum?)
gracile, parvo ; sternis et vel canaliculars vel depressione subcirculare notatis et suturis sternoepister-
nalibus valde impressis.

The distal joint of the filiform antennas is large and cylindrical, causing them to
appear somewhat clavate. This species is a very interesting one, from the fact of its
inhabiting a region so near the Arctic circle. Its diminutiveness shows that the
Myriapoda form no exception to the general decrease in size observable among the
lower animals as we leave the Equator.

Specimens belonging to the Smithsonian Institution.
258 | i> j Fort Simpson, Red River. R. Kennicqtt. I'nc. \ — |

Besides the American species, there are the following foreign ones in the collection
of the Smithsonian Institution : —

S. T.KNKHiiKHA, n. sp. — S. incana, superficie dorsali lineis duabus subnigris, confertim approximatis,
antice cvanescentibus ; corpore robusto, et antice et postice modice augustato; segmento cephalico breve,
subtriangulare, sordide albo, impunctato ; antennis cylindiicis, modice crassis brevibusque ; labio con-
vexo, impunctato, antice vix emargiuato, sine sulco; mandibulis haud denticulatis; suturis scuto-epis-
cutalibus distinetis ; superficie ventrali fere albida ; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et sulco raediauo
impressis; pedibus brevibus, gracilibus, anticis sordide albidis, utrinque Si, pari postremo (in femina
solum ?) parvissimo, gracile.

The color of this animal is a light grey ; that of the head, the anterior feet and the
belly approaches a dirty white. The median dark stripe is composed of two closely-
approximated lines, and is evanescent anteriorly, but posteriorly ends rather abruptly
at the anal scutum. It is much more apparent in some portions of the body than in
others. The median sulci of the sterna are very short, not extending through the
whole length of each sternum.

260 | 1 | Loo Choo Islands. | N". Pacific Expl. Exp. j W. Stimpson, M 1> | , Una 2J |

ON THE OHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA. 51

S. LINE.vta. — S. griseo-brunnea; oapite maguo : segmentis cephalico et basali appendioibuaquo saturate
rubria; segmento anali obscure flavo (ioterduui " subcordato"); corpore antico leviter sed postice
luodii'c angustato; superficic dorsali lateribusque singula lineis duabus obscuris subnigria interruptis
proximatis; segmento cephalico lato, breve, quinqueangulato, postice abrupte truncato (aut '• satu-
rate rubro"); antennis brevissimism crassissimis, latis, depressia, haud cylindricis, serjsim acumin
sparse brevisaime pilosis; labio convexo, saturate rubro, autice vix emarginato, sulco mediano obscure
impresso; mandibulis baud denticulatia; scatis longitudinaliter trisulcatis, el iuterdum depressione
obacura utrioque impressia, suturia scuto-cpiscutalibus nullia, marginibus lateralibua elevatis ; pcdibus
brevibus, gracilibus, flavi8, iitrioque 77, pari postrerno (in femina solum?) parvo ct gracile; atcrnia
suturis - iternalibua et sulco obscuro mediano impressis.

G. I'ii- s, \'\v|i . Linn. Trans, xix. p 136; Catal. British Mua. Myriap. p. 89; Gervais, Apteres iv.

p 321.

The subbasilar segment is of the same color as the body. The two median dark
lines anteriorly are scarcely separable and less interrupted than other portions. One

of the lateral lines is situated on the edge of the scuta, and the other just above the
spiracles; they ate composed of a scries of dots. The three median sulci of the scuta
arc closely approximate. Our spt cimen differs from Mr. Newport's diagnosis both in
the color of the anal segment, the shape of the cephalic subsegment, and the markings
of the labium, but otherwise agrees very well.

| I | Choco, New Grenada. | &.. Schott. | j Unc. 2 [

S. TROPICA, n. sp. — S. dilute brunnea, capite antennisque aurantiacis, segmento anali obscure flavo,
■ >re anticc modice sed postice illico valdeque angostato; superficie dorsali lateribusque singula
lineia duabus approximatia, interruptis, subnigria; segmento cephalico subtriangulare/breve, modice
angusto; antennis filiforu "lice brevibus, nee acuminatis aec pilosis; labio convexo, antice haud

emarginato, buIco mediano mullo; mandibulis haud denticulatis ; acutia longitudinaliter trisulcatis,
et plerumque depressione utrioque impressis ; suturis scuto-episcutalibus nullis; pcdil.ms modic-e

brevibus, gracilibua, obscure flavis, utrinque 77, pari postre (in femina solum?) parvo, gracile;

sternis dense punctatis, auturia sterno-episteroalibus et depressione centrali suborbiculare impressis

The subbasilar segment agrees with the rest of the head in color. The dark lines
are almost exactly like those of the preceding species. The median sulci are perhaps
not quite so sharply cut. The head is proportionally considerably smaller than that
of E. linealus. The antennae are also essentially different from those of that species.
We have a specimen which is of a very light yellow and with traces of the dark lines,
even the head being of a verj light shade. We have no hesitation in referring it to
this form, believing it to be an individual that has just changed its skin or shell; the
skins of all species probably being white, or nearly so, when just assumed, and gra-
dually darkening and gaining their peculiarities with age.

- | 2 | Nicaragua. | Capt. Rodgers. | E Wright. | Unc. 2^ j

52 ON THE CHILOPODA OF NORTH AMERICA.

S. filicornis, n. sp. — S. brunnea, eorpore robusto, antice modiee valde et postice abrupte angustato;
superfioie dorsali lineis duobusi subapproximatis obscuris, pallis 3 segmento cepbalico breve, subtrian-
gulare, obscure minute albomaculato ; antennis modiee longis, filiformibus, partial subpubeseentibus,
baud sensim acuniinatis ; labio breve, convexo, antice leviter l^e emarginato ; inandibulis haud dcftti-
culatis ; scutis sulcis duobus, obscuris, subapproximatis et suTOris scuto-episcutalibus impressis ; pedi-
bus brevibus, gracilibus, utrinque 81, pari postremo parvo; sternis suturis sterno-episternalibus et aut
sulco mediano aut depressione centrali impressis.

The whitish dots on the head are very minute as well as obscure. Many of the
scuta are quite rough ; the two lines are more separate and distinct on the posterior
ones, and correspond with the sulci in position. The sterna", besides the sterno-epis-
ternal sutures, have a central round impression, occasionally replaced by a longi-
tudinal median sulcus.

238 J 1 I Near La Union, Costa Rica. | Lieut. D. D. Porter, U. S. N. | | Unc. 3 |

r/,^.

t

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