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TitThAS ~ aNetl AR See MLL ALE Pa cs 1 iT a 9 Fu aware - ALL id) |) evaeaee Tony Whe ithe | | hh - f Ls Suu . 44 A | x # ° ~ ~ \ A HE vine “Nes AUR YYTTN Vs iy eee eee ™ We ier rave WUT yee co. yey, rT rt ag uuyl ty ma¥ | vty ine <. _ ~ ~ ye . Sao ; " i Ad spe = a } vs dl ' Ned, ee w~wil Ed rege , 2 wa eey in 1} ith POC || PAL P AN wt o™, we 7” r & , — - . Ss v Ores yvl ait i: PPV ETT eH ne MA os al JN TS wea as aguois Adda gee” “laine 4 ei | Ww llinutpesveses ecu af , A eaten ; Spd we NASSS ~ Ce Yin! / ,.¥% ‘¥y) | wow “s4= -s } CU Sehy ew U os = w ve - S alae ait yer set bey eleleeahaeaee7 wha * vow “4 wed | | te a eT) Tg tine Safle a Phat bal tn Pac, ¥e Viw 1 he bh a te I mals * =. .“ ge . cae 4 we < vy © Ne i a ' B®, - a 5 Fo ey v : ene wera” OV wy =a . ges: Voahy Vou Thy 78 rs whe “es, “ -+s et By yy : 1 c wide “"y = ce v~. i. ie fees Cl. -"5™ ‘=. Ow Pan ss -‘s¥-~ Pix bs 4 : : = we x al 5 - LY dy ; 0 a peed al Be a maa as ese 4 a eee Jig oe wie oth ove ew a {te ye Wits es MAS up’ tds | Tene ECT ave NTN MIT EL aee¥y vv Te tte sh¥ay y Mt ‘wes Th es Lec ruusvadutlwecttecnedWite VER AE etl gede pena ae) Paes WOO gust lt Pd “ate bee he as POS as] VU “a | Veo 10. GCARDEM VAS On some new or rare Crustacea from the Firth of Forth. Ann. & Mag. N. H. S. 6, vol. X, 1892, pp. 201-206, pls. XV-XVI. On some new or rare Crustacea from Scotland. Ann. & Mag. N. H. Ser. 6, Vol. XII, 1895, pp. 257-246, pls. XI-XIII. On some new and rare Crustacea from Scotland. Am. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 6, Vol. XIII, 1894, pp. 157-149 pls. VIII-IX. | On some rare and interesting Crustacea from the Dogger Bank collected by Ernest W. L. Holt, Esq. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 6, Vol. XIII, 1894, pp. 412- 420. On some new and rare Crustacea from Scotland. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 6, Vol. XV, 1895, pp. 50-59, pls. V-VI. On some new and rare Crustacea from Scotland. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 6, Vol. XV, 1895, pp. 457-464 pls. XVI, XVII. On some new and rare British Crustacea. Ann. & Mag. N. N., Ser. 6, Vol. XVIII, 1896, pp. 1-8, pls. I, II. ' Notes on Sunaristes paguri monte and some other rare Crustacea. | Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 6, Vol. XX, 1897, pp. 489-494 pls. XI, XII, | Descriptions of three REDALPNELE new wOeRRee from the | Clyde. Ann. & Mag. N.H., Ser. 7, Yol« L, chia pp. 185-190, | pi. x, XI. Note on the Occrurrence of ‘Cytheridea eastanea G.S.Braly in a Surface-deposit in the Vicinity of Buenos Ayres, South America. ; Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 7, Vol. III, 1899, pp. 454- 456, pl. XVI. | (over) | On Some Entomostraca collected in the Arctic Seas in 1898 by William S. Bruce, F.R.S.G.S. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 7, Vol. WEIL, 1901, pp. 337- 556, pls. serials Notes on alee Ba Crustacea. Ann. & Mag. N.H., Ser. 7, Vol. X, 1902, pp. 1-5, pl. I. Notes on some Copepoda from the Arctic Seas collected in 1890 by the Rev. Gannon A. M. Norman, F.R.S. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. hy Vol. XI, 1903, PPpe 4-32, pls. I-IV. Gome Observations on British Freshwater Harpactids. Ann. & Mag. N. H., ners: 7, Vol. XI, 1903, pp. 185- 196, - Notes on British Copepoda: Change of Names. Ann. & Mag. N, H., Ser. -. Vol. XVI, 1905, pp. 567= 571, Notes on Crustacea aly in the Gizzard of a Deep- Sea Cephalopod. Ann. & Mag. N. H., Ser. 8, Vol. V, 1910, pp. 51-54, ple. Ii, Iii. CRUSTACEA T. SCOTT. 1892 = 1910 “RS ahaa AWISAOAM & S.TANILA Bed er a Lt THOPETH dagUTAr oLer ~ Seer From the ANNALS AND MaGazIne or Naturau History for September 1892. On some new or rare Crustacea from the Firth of Forth. By Tuomas Scort, F.L.S., Naturalist to the Fishery Board for Scotland, and ANDREW SCOTT. [Plates XV. & XVI.] Lichomolgus agilis, sp. n. (provisional name). ( Pl, XV. figs. 1-14.) Description.—Length, exclusive of caudal seta, 1°38 millim. The cephalothorax, seen from above, is broadly ovate, com- posed of five segments, the first being longer than the combined length of the other four. Rostrum prominent, produced downwards at nearly right angles and ending in a sharp point. Anterior antenne scarcely half the length of the first body-segment, seven-jointed, alike in both sexes, the proportional lengths of the joints beg nearly as in the annexed formula— 12—23—11—14—12—18—8 ]—2—3—4—56—6—7 —sparingly setiferous ; a small sensory filament springs from near the base of the fifth jomt (Pl. XV. fig. 2). Posterior antenne stout, four-jointed, the second joint fully twice the length of the next two together and having the lower margin produced forward into a digitiform process which extends beyond the middle of the third joint; the third and fourth joints are short, the penultimate one being the shortest, while the last joint is armed at the extremity with a moderately 202 Messrs. T. and A. Scott on some new or rare short but stout and strongly hooked spine and four small sete (fig. 3). A short trumpet-shaped siphon, capable of being extended or depressed, is situated nearly between the bases of the posterior antennee, as shown in fig. 4 (see also fig. 5). The other mouth-organs are nearly as in Licho- molgus forficula, 'Thorell, except that the mandible has no fringe of hairs on its upper margin and a prominent spiniform seta springs from the basal part of the anterior foot-jaw (figs. 6 and 7). The posterior foot-jaws differ considerably in the two sexes: those of the male are armed with extremely long and powerful falciform terminal claws, which are pro- vided with a small spiniform seta at their base; the upper margin of the proximal half of the last joint is fringed with small teeth, and a spiniform seta springs from each ‘side and near the middle of the same joint: the female foot-jaw, which gradually tapers towards the extremity, terminates in a short and stout claw, about half as long again as the joint from which it springs (fig. 9). The “first four pairs of swimming-feet have both branches three-jointed; the last joint of the outer branch of the first pair 1s furnished with four dagger-shaped spines on the outer margin, the subter- minal spine being longer than the others ; the last joint of the outer branch of the fourth pair has one dagger-shaped terminal spine and two on the exterior margin ; the last joint of the inner branches also bears dagger-shaped spines, and the inner margins of both branches are clothed with elongate plumose hairs ; the spines and plumose hairs of the last joint of the inner branches of the four pairs are arranged in the following order :—in that of the first pair there are five hairs round the inner margin and end and one dagger-shaped spine on the exterior margin; that of the second pair has three hairs on the inner margin, two spines on the outer margin, and one terminal spine; that of the third pair has two hairs on the inner margin and three spines arranged as in the second pair; in that of the fourth pair there are no hairs on the inner margin, but there are two elongate spines, one terminal and one subterminal (figs. 10 and 11). he fifth pair in both sexes are small and provided with two terminal sete, one being moderately long and slender and one stout and spiniform (fig. 12). Abdomen elongate, composed in the female of four, in the male of five segments: the first segment in both sexes is large and tumid, the greatest breadth of this segment in the female is near the middle, but in the male it is broadest at the distal end; the postero-lateral angles of this segment in the male are each furnished with two small sete ; the remaining segments are comparatively small and Crustacea from the Firth of Forth. 203 subequal in length. Caudal stylets rather longer than the last two abdominal segments and provided with four sete of very unequal length, the inner one of the two middle sete being much longer than the others and more than twice the length of the stylet ; a small seta also springs from the outer margin and near the middle of each stylet; the stylets of the male are rather longer than those of the female. Ovisacs two, large. Hab. Within the siphons and between the branchial folds and body of the common cockle (Cardium edule), Firth of Forth and Morecambe Bay. femarks.—This species, though differing somewhat from the generic description of Lichomolgus, especially in having the inner branch of the fourth pair of swimming-feet three- jointed, agrees generally with the characters of that genus ; it seems better therefore, for the present at least, to refer it to Lichomolgus. Lichomolgus agilis was first observed in specimens of Cardium edule trom Morecambe, Lancashire, and more recently in specimens of the same species of cockle from the vicinity of Cramond, Firth of Forth. The Copepod was obtained in at least 90 per cent. of the cockles examined, and appears to be moderately common—as many as sixteen speci- mens were taken from a single cockle. They are very active in their movements: if the shell of a living mollusk be opened, so that some of the contained water remains in the hollow of the opened shell-valves, the Entomostracan may be observed darting hither and thither in the water; not unfre- quently their presence is indicated only by the dark-coloured line of the alimentary canal, their body being otherwise so transparent as to be scarcely visible in the water. When the Copepod is removed from the water, the ovisacs, when present, are very conspicuous ; they are about half as long as the animal, nearly straight along the inner edge, while the outer margin is a flattened but evenly rounded curve. The presence of this Crustacean does not seem to be due to or to indicate an unhealthy condition of the mollusk which forms its host. ? Enterocola eruca, Norman. (Pl. XVI. figs. 1-11.) Enterocola eruca, Brady, Mon. Brit. Copep. vol. i. p. 147 (1878). Description.—Length, exclusive of ovisacs, 4°5 millim. (nearly } of an iuch), and including ovisacs 13 millim. (fully 2 an inch). Body seen from above somewhat cylindrical, but rather narrower towards the anterior end, and composed of four distinct and subequal segments ; there is a constriction 204 Messrs. T. and A. Scott on some new or rare between the head and first thoracic somite, which in some positions has the appearance of a true joint, especially if the specimen has been a considerable time in spirit ; the forehead is rounded and furnished with a very small rostrum. The last body-segment is produced laterally near the distal end and on the dorsal aspect into two digitiform processes, as shown in Pl. XVI. figs. 2 and 3. Anterior antenne very short, stout, three-jointed, truncate at the end, and armed with several terminal, somewhat conical teeth, the two upper being considerably larger than the others; the first joint is proportionally large, the second and third very short (fig. 4). Posterior antenne two-jointed; the end of the last joint bears four conical teeth, one terminal and three marginal (fig. 5). ? Mandibles rudimentary, composed of three nearly equal and rounded lobes (fig. 6). Anterior foot-jaw small, one-jointed, and bearing two terminal spines (fig. 7). Pos- terior foot-jaw large, three-jointed, considerably dilated at the base, but gradually decreasing in breadth towards the extremity and armed with a short but stout terminal claw, which has a broadly rounded lobe on the inner edge (fig. 8). The first four pairs of feet are nearly alike, and resemble the posterior antennee in general appearance: the inner branch of all the four pairs is a short and broad rudimentary appen- dage apparently unfurnished with spines or sete of any kind ; the outer branch is comparatively narrow and elongate; in the first pair this branch is furnished with four small spini- form teeth, one being terminal and three marginal (fig. 9) ; that of the second pair has one terminal and two marginal, and that of the third and fourth pairs is furnished with one terminal and one marginal tooth (fig. 10). Abdomen very short and rudimentary, composed of three joints, the middle one being smaller than the other two; the end of the last joint is somewhat bifid, and each of the postero-lateral angles terminates in a small tooth-like spine (fig. 11). Ovisaes two, cylindrical, and about twice the length of the animal (fig. 1) ; they are attached at the base and towards the dorsal aspect of the last thoracic segment. Colour opaque white. Hab. In the intestine, not the branchial cavity, of Ascidia ? intestinalis, dredged near Inchkeith, Firth of Forth. Remarks.—F our specimens of this parasite were obtained in the intestine of four Ascidians (one in each Ascidian) during March 1891, and are recorded in the ‘ Ninth Annual Report of the Fishery Board for Scotland,’ part iii. p. 301; one of these possessed a small portion of the basal part of two ovisacs. A short time ago another specimen of the same parasite was obtained in the intestine of the same species of Crustacea from the Firth of Forth. 205 Ascidian in which the others occurred, and this one carried two long and slender ovisacs. Considerable difficulty was experienced in dissecting out the parasite from the intestine of the Ascidian, owing to the ovisacs being so slender and fragile ; this character of the ovisacs possibly explains why they have been so rarely observed. These Forth specimens appear to be identical with Entero- cola eruca, Norman, a species obtained by the Rev. A. M. Norman while dredging among the Shetland Islands, and described in the Report of the Meeting of the British Asso- ciation for 1868. One of the Forth specimens obtained last year was submitted to Prof. G. 8. Brady, and he considered it to be identical with the species described by Dr. Norman. In the ‘Monograph of the British Copepoda,’ by Prof.G.S. Brady, that author, while including nterocola, M. van Beneden, in the family Buproride, did so in deference to Dr. Claus’s opinion, but at the same time expressed himself as doubtful of this being its proper position. Though the Hnterocola from the Firth of Forth agrees to some extent with the characters of the family Buproride as described in the ‘Monograph of the British Copepoda,’ it differs in one important character: the Buproride are described as having ‘‘no external ovisac,’ but the Forth Enterocola possesses two ovisacs which are well developed. The “nterocola described and figured by M. van Beneden in the ‘ Bulletins de ’ Académie Royale de Bruxelles,’ 2° série, tome ix. (1860), p. 155, as Enterocola fulgens, though certainly quite distinct from the Forth species, agrees with it in also possessing two external ovisacs; these ovisacs, if not so large as those of our specimen, are yet of considerable size; M. van Beneden’s figure shows them to be nearly as long as the animal. ‘This marked difference between Enterocola and the Bupro- ride shows the correctness of Prof. Brady’s doubt as to the position of Enterocola. If one of the characters that distin- guish the Buproride be the absence of external ovisacs, the position of Hnterocola in that family becomes untenable. Bathyporeia norvegica, G. O. Sars. This Amphipod has recently been obtained in the Firth of Forth, where it appears to be a rare species. Cerapis crassicornis (Spence Bate),= Siphonecetus crasst- cornis, Spence Bate, has also been recently obtained in the Forth. It was observed in some material collected by means of a tow-net worked near the bottom. One specimen only 206 On Crustacea from the Firth of Forth. was taken ; it inhabited a tube a little longer than itself, formed of fine black mud bound together with some kind of glutinous substance. Petalomera declivis, G. O. Sars. This little Cumacean was taken in the Firth of F orth some time ago, but not identified at the time. The Rey. T. R. &. Stebbing, M.A., to whom we are indebted for the names of these three species, states that Petalomera declivis “ has probably not yet been recorded as British.” EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES, PLatTEr XV. Lichomolgus agilis, sp. n. Fig. 1. Adult female, seen from above. Magn. 46°7 diam. Fig. 2. Anterior antenne. Magn. 190 diam. Fig. 3. Posterior antenne. Magn. 127 diam. Fig. 4. First segment of body. Magn. 80 diam, a, rostrum; 6, ante- rior antenne ; ¢, siphon ; d, posterior antenne ; e, mandible ; f, maxilla ; g, first foot-jaw ; /, second foot-jaw ; 2, first feet. 5. Rostrum (7) ; siphon (s). Magn. 95 diam. 6. Mandible ; maxilla (a). Magn. 460 diam. 7. Anterior foot-jaw. Magen. 460 diam. 4g. 8. Posterior foot-jaw of male, Magn. 253 diam. 9. Posterior foot-jaw of female. Magn. 253 diam. 10. Foot of first pair. Magn. 190 diam. Fig. 11. Foot of fourth pair. Magn. 190 diam. fg. 12. Foot of fifth pair. Magn. 380 diam. Fg. 13. Abdomen of female, Magn. 80 diam. 4g. 14. Abdomen of male. Magn. 80 diam. Pirate XVI. ? Enterocola eruca, Norman. Fig. 1. Adult female, seen from below. Magn. 16°6 diam. 7g. 2. Adult female, seen from right side. Magn. 16:6 diam. Fig. 3. Adult female, seen from above, Magn. 345 diam. Fig. 4. Anterior antenne. Magn. 345 diam. Fg. 5. Posterior antenne. Magn. 247 diam. Fig. 6. Mandibles. Magn. 247 diam. Fig. 7. Anterior foot-jaw. Magn. 690 diam. Fig. 8. Posterior foot-jaw. Magn. 345 diam. Fig. 9. Foot of first pair. Magn. 190 diam. Fig. 10. Foot of fourth pair. Magn. 190 diam. Fig. 11. Abdomen of female. Magn. 40 diam. Ann.& Mag. Nat. Hist. 5.6. Vol. X. Pu. XV. Mintern Bros. hth. Andrew Scott del, LICHOMOLGUS AGILIS,n. sp. es Anw.& Mag, Nat.Hist.S.6.Vol.X. Pt. XVL Andrew Scott del . Mintern Bros lth. ENTE ROCOLA FERUCA.. Norma. PMG > a agyaghsrs, PAR pap sean dan aa SICH pahgaauatl aapbbaaaRan atte Aras NH le \) r Steet at A ; . pabobenu a Adm 4 ' - = eee es. 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