oF (bsmegtaes we = es eS) A = < eZ q O ee) | 9 Pals. =u a CANVAS-BACK SHOOTING IN CHESAPEAKE BAY. THE WING. A Book for Sportsmen. By JOHN BUMSTEAD. WITH ILLUSTRATIONS. NEW YORK: HAPPY HOURS COMPANY, No. 1 CHAMBERS STREEY. ; mm: Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1869, by FIELDS, OSGOOD, & CO., in the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. UNIVERSITY Press: WEtcH, BIGELow, & Co., CAMBRIDGE. CON. EEN S, INTRODUCTORY f : : : : = How To SELECT A GUN . 4 - Three Classes of Guns. F : : How to tell a good Gun : . . Prices of good Guns . a - an What constitutes a suitable oo : : Shooting closely : . : : . The Barrels . f 3 4 : A + The Stock . , s ‘ : a ° The Lock - How to get a good ‘Bneten Gin Gunmakers : - LOADING THE GUN . The proper Charge Table of Proportions of Powdel ne Shot Caution as to the Use of the Ramrod Charger for weighing Powder and Shot How TO CARRY THE GUN . 3 2 Rules to be remembered How To SHOOT . 3 H ¢ : - How TO CLEAN THE GUN : : - To prevent Gun-barrels from Rusting : LONG versus SHORT GUNS 3 : . HEAVY AND LIGHT GUNS . 3 A ° Two EYEs versus ONE EYE . . ° ° MUZZLE versus BREECH LOADERS A ° 1V CONTENTS. WooDCOCK-SHOOTING . ; : : 3 5 5 78 When Woodcock come North : : : 4 99 Where Woodcock make their Nests . : : : 80 Where to find Woodcock . : : ; : Ot How to flush Woodcock . : ; : - : 82 Flight-Birds . : : : ; : . 84 Peculiar Trait of iocmcouy ta pe ° : : 85 The Period of Moulting. : : : : : . 89 How the Sharp Ring is produced. : : : gI American and English Woodcock. : : . = 92 Scandinavian Woodcock . : : : : 92 The proper Charge for Woodeack. ; : : - 96 GUrAMMSHOGFING ,.. (co oe ge ee 97 Habits of the Quail - ; : - “ : a 107 An Adventure with an old ever - : ‘ : 100 The Enemies of the Quail . . - ° : ig 1Ot How to hunt Quail . : ; : - , : 102 The Bishop of Quails . . : : ; : J EOS Quail withholding their Scent . . - ; ; 106 Charge for Quail-Shooting . : : ° : sy" 109 RUFFED GROUSE OR PARTRIDGE SHOOTING . : . 110 The Flushing of the Partridge . : : t cpio Where Partridges are found. : ; : : III Pot-hunters . : : : : . “ so 112 The Partridge ina nee : 5 : , : - 113 The Nests of Partridges . : : . . -) 114 Habits of Partridges : - : : ; : 114 The Drumming of Partridges_ . ; : . + WEES European Partridges : , : : . 116 Difficulty in shooting paieidees : ; : 4 > wie The Food of Partridges . - , é 117 Names of Ruffed Grouse in suderecs States “yttr eh rte Proper Gun and Charge for Partridges . . , 118 PINNATED GROUSE, OR PRAIRIE HEN . 5 . i 119 Manner of Hunting . : ° : - . «ue dQ CONTENTS, WESON’S'SNIPE?. . : : ° ° . When Snipe arrive in New Bagiand ; - : . How to shoot Snipe . . - : ‘ ° ° How Snipe fly. : : - - . . The Peculiarities of Snipe Meds . : - Snipe Shooting-Grounds . : ; : : , A Story of a Tame Snipe : : ° . . Proper Gun and Charge for Snipe : 5 Bay SHOOTING ‘ : : ; Frank Forrester’s Opinion Of it~. Black-Bellied Plover Willett, or Stone Curlew Red-Breasted Snipe © Clapper-Rail, or Mud-Hen . : : Esquimaux, or Short-Billed Curlew, &é é k - WILD-FowL SHOOTING : : : . : Wild-Duck Shooting : ; : , The best Season for shooting Tiackes Shooting on Lakes or Ponds Varieties of Ducks on Northern and Westerh gees : Manner of shooting Ducks or Geese on Lakes or large Ponds The Canvas-Back Duck 4 é - - : foling Ducks, .. . ; : : ‘ : . ° Boating Ducks _. , : : 3 Netting Ducks Dug-outs : - Point Shooting . : : . 2 . Harbor Shooting ‘ Coot-Shooting . ‘ ‘ . . . BRANT-SHOOTING .. : - : ‘ . ° Manner of shooting Brant - : . ‘ . RABBIT-SHOOTING. , ‘ - : ‘ How to hunt Hares or Rabbits r : . ‘ ‘vi CONTENTS. RABBIT-SHOOTING — Continued. ‘Tricks of Hares. : - ° Where Hares can be found How Hares and Rabbits leap. When to shoot at them Rabbits are not Hares, &c. . “ THE SETTER AND POINTER . A A new way of training them What my Setter did, trained in this way . SHOOTING-DREss . ° . . Game-Bags : Flasks and Pouches Gun-Wads and Caps ; . Shot-Cartridges ; Recoil : : 2 ‘ A Scientific Matters ‘é Z 5 GUNPOWDER English and Ameneee htcease Different Qualities of Powder . Coarse and Fine Powder How Powder is made How to dry damp Powder . How GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, &c. The Invention of the Gun, &c. Materials for Gun-barrels. Counterfeit Barrels Laminated Steel Barrel Figure . Wire-Twist and Damascus on Horse-Shoe Nails Stub-Iron and Steel . Welding Boring and Grade Gun- eee The Patent Breech ‘ , Laminated Steel Barrels . Steel Barrels = : : 165 166 167 167 169 171 17I 176 178 180 182 183 184 186 192 199 200 200 201 202 204 205 205 208 211 212 214 215 221 222 226 230 232 234 238 ambien CONTENTS. Vil PIGEON-SHOOTING . 5 r “ - : ° - 240 CLOSING REMARKS ‘ ‘ : : ihe re ‘ 244 APPENDIX . : Mees : 5 See Technical Names acca be Gut rethers : ‘ : 251 Terms used by Sportsmen . . ; 255 Constitution and By-Laws of the Wintikds Sion Club of Boston . : 256 Rules of Trap-Shooting sidopted by the Neve York Sportsmen’s Club. - : E : 262 Game-Laws of Massachusetts . - - ° 205 Game-Laws of New York : ¢ ‘ “ ‘ 268 Summary of Game-Laws . . . ° , Brey 7 | LE Ls eA ro aa CANVAS-BACK SHOOTING . ; 3 6 Doc, Guns, &c. . ; ; é . 5 Woopcock BORING A ; ® 5 a W 00DCOCK-SHOOTING : 5 . - . A BEVY OF QUAIL 4 5 5 ° . THE PARTRIDGE 5 , - 5 . DucK-SHOOTING ON PONDS . “ : ° HARBOR SHOOTING . . ° ° ° : BRANT . : OV UG This iron has long been held in great esteem. It looks pretty, but certainly does not possess either the strength or tenacity of wire-twist iron. It is well known that the strength of a rope may be destroyed by twisting it too much: so is it with this sort of iron. Iron is best when not twisted at all: I speak of the bar. It resembles wood, inasmuch as the strands or fibres run parallel, firmly adhere, and add strength to each other ; if you twist those fibres you tear them asunder, and they no longer support each other. So it is with iron. “The objection made to the wire-twist is, that owing to the iron and steel being perfectly separate bodies running through the whole thickness of the barrel, there is a difficulty in welding them perfectly ; and of course there is danger of their breaking across, at any trifling imperfection or mis-weld. This objection is certainly well grounded, as many barrels break in the proving. I have seen a very strong barrel indeed broken across the knee without the slightest difficulty, while, to all appearance, it was perfectly sound. This is the reason why the manufacturers have ceased to make them, except for the American trade. ge) 218 ON THE WING. “Tt may be said that the fibres in the Damascus, after being torn asunder, are welded anew. ‘True, but could you ever glue the fibres of a piece of wood (twisted in the same way) together again, to make them as strong as before? No, cut several pieces of wood across the grain and glue them together, you would not expect them, though equal in substance with a piece in which the grains run lengthwise, to be of equal strength. In short, I hold a Damascus barrel to be little superior to a common barrel, in which the fibres run parallel to the bore. “ All the varieties of figured barrels are but modifica- tions of Damascus. ‘The most endless variety possible may be attained ; a figure with the carbonized mate- rial, showing only the ends or edges of the various Jaminz, or portions of the face of that laminz, may with equal facility be obtained, if the patience of the artist be in proportion. It would be a never-ending task, a subject for many volumes, to endeavor to describe a tithe of the varieties that might be, and have been made. , “The Belgians are very expert at this sort of orna- mental work. The very minute Damascus figure they frequently produce is admirable, if beauty alone were the advantage sought in a gun-barrel. They use thirty-two alternate bars of steel and iron, and roll them into a sheet of 3-16ths thick, and then slit them by a machine into square rods ; these are twisted in the way just described, but to such an extreme as to re< semble the threads of a very fine screw: six of them are welded into one, instead of three aswith us. The HOW. GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 219 figure is so extremely fine as to appear not to be larger than the finest needle. I have seen barrels made in Liege, superior in minute figure to any real Damascus barrel, or sword either. Our workmen here say the steel is better ; which I am inclined to think is true: it is a branch of the gun manufacture they have long excelled in. The very best ‘ Damascene’ workers are to be found at La Chafontaine, a few miles from Liege, where they dwell in as beautiful a dell as fancy could wish, with a powerful hill-stream working their boring and grinding mills, thus enabling them to send their barrels into Liege, ready for the filer. I have spent considerable time, and taken great trouble, to produce in Birmingham iron equally good; and I have succeeded ; but, unfortunately, Englishmen are so extravagant in their ideas of value, as to render the constant manufacture of this iron here a losing speculation. It can, however, be obtained from Bel- gium now, under the amended tariff, at ten per cent on the value. It can be purchased there, ready for barrel-making, at a franc per pound ; and cheap it is at that price: two and a half francs would not pur- chase it here. _ “That Damascus iron is incompatible with good- ness, I can and shall clearly prove. Experiment with the testing machine shows a rod of wire-twist 3-8ths square, containing 1.6875 solid inches, as equal toa tension of 11,200 lbs. ; whereas a rod, when converted . into Damascus of 11-16ths of an inch in breadth, by 4-16ths in thickness, containing 2.625 solid inches, was only equal to 8,960 lbs. ; thus showing a clear 220 ON THE WING. loss of full thirty-five per cent. And when welded into barrels of the dimensions described, the relative internal strength of each is 5,o194 lbs., and 3,292 Ibs. to the inch of tube. This constitutes a great difference. But unfortunately that is not all. “In the preceding chapter I noted the fact that all sorts of iron lose a portion of their strength by being heated or softened ; but I found that Damascus suf- fered more than any other sort of iron, excepting the common kinds. For instance, the bar of wire-twist would, in the state it came from the rolling-mill, bear 11,200 lbs., but, after softening, it would only bear 10,180 lbs., being a diminution of ro percent. A bar of Damascus suspending a weight of 8,940 lbs., the measure of its strength when annealed, was 7,840 lbs., being a falling off of 125 percent. Thus, I trust I have clearly shown, that whatever other quality Damascus possesses, strength is not one of its properties. It must not, however, be supposed that the above weight indicates its greatest strength ; on the contrary, its strength can be increased full 225 per cent by cold hammering. Still, however, it will only hold its relative position to other kinds of iron with respect to strength, since they are all capable of having their strength increased by the same pro- cess. “Damascus barrels have fallen much into disuse, being rarely seen except as pistol barrels, which, together with a great quantity of counterfeits, are made for the South and North American trades, in the shape of double and single guns of a flashy appearance, — HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 221 all invariably veneered or plated with ribbons of this ornamental iron. I shall now dismiss this subject ; after remarking, that certainly a very handsome barrel may be made after this principle, if too much twisting be avoided. It has been seen that the rods are twisted until there are fourteen turns in the inch of length: an excess productive of the detrimental effect men- tioned ; while, had there been but two turns, a large proportion of strength, if not all, would have been re- tained. One turn only, under the same circumstances, would very likely be highly beneficial; indeed I have found it to be so: one twist binds the interior strands, as the outer does the interior in a rope, and thus adds strength. ‘This shows that there is a medi- um in all things.” \ HorsE-SHOE NAILS. “ Fhe use of old horse-shoe nails is of a date nearly coeval with the use of small fire-arms. These nails are made from rod iron of the best description ; and the hammering cold, or tempering the nail, so benefits and condenses the iron as to improve it greatly. The method in use until a late period was to fill and force into an iron hoop, of six or seven inches diameter, as many stubs as it would contain, to weld the whole, and draw them down to a bar of such dimensions as might be required. Modern improvement, however, has shown the advantage of cleansing the stubs per- fectly by a revolving drum, and then fusing and gathering them into a 4/oom on the bed of an air 222 ON THE WING. furnace. Thus a body of from 40 to 50 lbs. of melting iron can be obtained at one heat ; a matter of economy and necessity, where large quantities are required, besides possessing the superior advantage of having the whole mass equally heated : this cannot be done by the old hoop method, as the surface must be frequently burnt before the interior is at all in a welding state.” StusB IRON AND STEEL. “Experience taught the late Mr. Adams and his brother George — who still manufacture some of the best gun iron in the world —that the stub iron alone was insufficient ; for even then (forty years ago) the absurdity of imagining that no barrels were or could be good without being soft, was understood and acted upon by them. They introduced at first one fourth of steel to three of stubs; this having been found highly advantageous, the prejudices of the gun-makers were gradually overcome, or left in abeyance from ig- norance of the introduction. It is a fact that as late as 1842, when I issued my former work, men who had been all their lives gun-makers (by courtesy) actually refused to believe that any steel at all entered into the composition of the best barrels ; and several whom I know perfectly well ordered the factors with whom they dealt ‘to be sure to send them no barrels with steel in, as they did not wish their customers’ hands to be blown off.’ .. Charcoal iron has, up to this day, been the only HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 223 stub twist barrels they (and we believe two thirds of the provincial makers also) have ever been served with. Reason with these men, and they will snap- pishly tell you, ‘We pay the best price, and we ought to have the best ; we don’t see that our neighbors have any better.’ On one occasion of my calling upon one of the first provincial gun-makers in the kingdom, the subject of barrels was adverted to: ‘An excellent work that of yours, I dare say ; but, sir, you have done a deal of harm: it is wrong to let gentlemen know too much ; they give you far too much trouble; they get too knowing.’ These, and such like observations, are the only thanks I ever received from the gen- erality of the gun trade. There are, however, some enlightened men who, understanding the subject, have appreciated my motives; but by far the greater proportion have done the reverse, asserting ‘that I had told them nothing but what they knew before.’ } “ The mixture of a portion of steel with the stubs having clearly shown an improvement, an increased pro- portion has been adopted by various makers ; we have had as high as three fourths of steel to one of iron. Where proper attention is paid to the clipping of the steel to pieces, corresponding with the stubs, and prop- erly mixing the whole, welding and forging by the heavy hammer, reducing by a tilt and rolling down to the smallest description of rod, a most excellent, tenacious, and dense body of iron is thus obtained ; — while, by cutting into lengths of six inches, bundling a number together, and re-welding them into a bar, an 224 ON THE WING. increased density and tenacity is gained, by an increase in quantity, and an elongation of the fibrous system. Any description of barrel, of this iron, if made witha moderate degree of care and attention, is considerably stronger than any explosive fluid ever yet compounded could burst, under any circumstances bordering on /fazr experiment. “The great advantage derived from welding on the bed of an air furnace, arises from an absence of the minute portions of charcoal, of either wood or coal, as the case may be. Millions of these very minute por- tions are imbedded in the midst of the metal in every part. They are enclosed in cells originally of their own dimensions, but are drawn out with the fibres to an indefinite extent, forming a system of tubes that may be compared to the capillary system in trees, and making the iron of a spongy, compressible nature. It is the absence of these particles of charcoal that gives part of the superiority to steel as now made for gun-barrels ; and the existence of a portion of them causes the inferiority of all other kinds of iron. Ina chemical analysis of iron, a large portion of crude coal-charcoal or wood-charcoal is found, according as either has been used during the manufacture. This is not of course given as so much carbon in the result, though the injury is equally detrimental as an excess of carbon is to the goodness of the metal ; for it ren- ders the whole porous, and liable to attract moisture and induce oxidation. It must be kept prominently in view, and clearly comprehended that the denser the body of metal, the less the liability to oxidize, or in a HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 225 other words rust; and here is the one great preser- vative principle in good iron: ‘it is the fibre of dense cocoa-wood, compared with that of willow or saugh.’ In all situations and for all purposes, where iron is liable to sudden changes of either heat or cold, wet or dry, the very best of iron should be obtained ; as it will be less affected by the changes of temperature, and amply repay by its durability the extra cost in the rst Instances rls. “The frequent welding and re-rolling of iron is of the most beneficial tendency, the elongation of the fibres being highly advantageous ; for a fibrous piece of iron may be compared to a wire rope, the more strands the greater tenacity; and the smaller the strands, even up to a proximity of fineness to the human hair, the greater the weight they will bear in tension. One large wire which, when single, will sus- pend 500 lbs., will, when drawn down to six small ones, suspend 600 lbs. ; and so on to the greatest extreme. Another great advantage received by the repeated reworking of iron is obtaining an increased density ; for when this is secured to a certain extent, you have closed in proportion the pores of the metal; and in this state it is not liable to that degree of expansion or contraction, or that fluctuation in strength, which arises from softening the iron. Nor can you gain, save to a limited extent, any improvement by hammering,— hammer-hardening, for instance, — simply because it is already improved to the utmost extent we are at pres- ent acquainted with.” Mr. Greener explains quite fully how the various 10* A 9 226 ON THE WING. kinds of cheap barrel iron are made, such as “ charcoal iron,” “ three-penny skelp iron,” “sham damn skelp,” &c. ; but as I assume that none of my readers care to own a weapon made of such materials, I will not quote the particulars of their manufacture, but pass to his remarks on barrel-making. “ WELDING. The welding of the rods of barrel iron into barrels, is described by Mr. Greener thus :— “The metal rods are twisted by means of two iron bars, the one fixed, the other loose. In the latter there is a prong or notch to receive one end; and when inserted, the bar is turned bya handle. The fixed bar preventing the rod from going round, it is bent and twisted over the movable rod like the pieces of leather round the handle of a whip. The loose bar is unshipped, the spiral knocked off, and the same process recommenced with another rod. The length of all the spirals depends on the breadth of the rod: for instance, the stub-twist has sixteen circles in six inches long ; a rod of five feet will make a spiral of only seven inches ; while iron, of an inch in breadth, will make a spiral of as many inches long as there are twists: hence the reason why best bar- rels have more joinings than common ones of equal length. “The Damascus, being rolled into rods of 11-16ths broad, forms a spiral with the appearance shown in the accompanying woodcut. HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE 227 “The fancy steel barrels and others, where the rod is formed of more than one piece, such as the stub Damascus, &c., is of rather greater breadth, like the representation below jas weaetiaes id | ” | i) a“ it Ait VT \\ | Di fh \ “The iron made from stubs and steel, and plain fibrous steel, is invariably rolled down into rods of 6-16ths broad, forming a spiral, as below % G Z Z Z Z Z WA A 228 ON THE WING. “ A proper attention to the fineness of the spiral will always enable an amateur to detect any attempt at imposition. .)2 . “The spirals being formed, the welders commence their day's work. The batch consists of a fore- man, one on whose skill all depends, and two subor- dinates, whose duty it is to blow the bellows, strike, &c. “They proceed in the first place to weld probably a dozen long common barrels for the American trade ; which are generally composed of the inferior iron men- tioned before, rolled into two lengths of different thick- ~ nesses. ‘These skelps are heated, and beaten on a groove until they form a tube half closed. They are then heated again, and closed with one edge over- lapping the other; as a brazier would overlap the edge of a tin pipe for boys to blow peas with. “ They then commence the welding of twist barrels. Spirals that are intended for the breech end are heated to a welding heat for about three inches, removed from the fire, and jumped close by striking the end against the anvil. Again they are heated, and again jumped, to insure the perfect welding. They are then beaten lightly in a groove, to make them round. The neatest part of the process consists in the joining of the points of the two rods, so as to make the barrel appear as if it had been twisted out of one rod. The ends of the two rods are a little detached, brought from the fire, and applied to each other ; a gentle tap is then given, and the union is perfect in an instant. The rapidity and dexterity with HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE. 229 which this is accomplished, ought to be seen to be duly appreciated. ‘This trouble is only taken with the best barrels. In the manufacture of barrels of an inferior description, the ends of the rods are cut in a sloping direction, and, when welded together, become quite square at the part where the pieces are joined. In a finished barrel the points of junction are easily recognized. By tracing the twist, a confusion will be found to exist for about an eighth of an inch, every six or seven inches; and from this appearance you may conclude that, for a barrel so joined, the welder had not the best* price. Having joined the whole of the spirals, three inches are again heated to a welding heat, the mandril is introduced, and the tube ham- mered, in a groove, to the size required. - This opera- tion is repeated until the whole length is finished. Then follows hammer-hardening: that is, beating the barrel, in a comparatively cold-state, in a groove, with light hammers, for the space of half an hour. This is a most important part of the process. It closes the pores, condenses the texture of the metal, compresses a greater substance into less bounds, in- creases greatly the strength of the barrel, and renders it more elastic. Yet this is seldom done, unless spe- cially requested; and then a gratuity is, of course, expected either in money or beer. A few pots of the juice of Sir John Barleycorn will infuse more strength into your barrels than you could purchase for ten times the amount in money; as they have the effect of making the hammers descend with increased velocity.” ; 230 ON THE WING. BORING AND GRINDING GUN-BARRELS. The boring and grinding of the barrels is the process next in order, which Mr. Gréener describes as follows :— “Boring and grinding gun-barrels generally take place under the same roof; the borer occupying a very small shop, the grinder a large one. Two men and two boys are generally found in a shop. There are four benches, to each a spindle, in which there is an oblong hole to receive the end of the boring bit. - The barrel is secured on a sort of carriage, which is at liberty to traverse the whole length of the bench. A boring bit is then selected of suitable size ; it is put into the spindle, and the point intro- duced into the end of the barrel. A sort of lever is then taken and hooked on to a kind of staple, or a piece of hooked iron (a number of which are fixed in one side of the bench the whole length), and passed behind the carriage to force it up to the bit; this is removed and fixed again, until, by forcing up the car- riage, the boring bit has passed through the whole of the barrel. During this operation a stream of water is kept playing on the barrel to keep it cool. A bit, of larger dimensions, is next introduced and passed through ; then others of still larger dimensions, until the whole of the scales or blacks are entirely bored out; or until the barrel has become so large in the bore, as to preclude any further boring with safety. If the scales are of great extent, the fault is the forger’s, and the loss will consequently be his. If HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE. 231 the barrels be found perfect, they are sent back to the filer, or he comes to inspect them, in order to ascertain whether they be perfectly straight in the inside; if not, to make them so. “The necessity of great care and attention to this point must be very obvious; for, if not perfectly correct at this stage, it will require more skill and time to get it correct afterwards than the generality of barrel-makers are inclined to bestow. ‘When the inside has been found to be all right, the barrel is ready for grinding. Many barrel-makers turn their barrels entirely by self-acting lathes, and thus obtain a correct taper from breech end to muzzle. Experience has clearly convinced us that this is not the best shape, but slightly hollow towards the muzzle is preferable, as additional weight there is decidedly injurious, and the shooting of barrels of lighter con- struction is decidedly better. “The generality of Birmingham barrels are ground to the size required on large stones, which revolve at a terrific rate. The skill acquired by many of the workmen is astonishing. Over and over again have we seen barrels coming from the mill put into the lathe, and found almost as true as if they had been turned. They have a method of allowing the barrel to revolve in their hands at half the rate of the stone, and by this means they grind them so fine that many would be puzzled to determine whether they had been turned or ground, were the barrel smoothed length- ways merely to take out the marks of the stone. We have seen the squares of a rifle barrel ground to as 232 ON THE WING. perfect an octagon as the eye could assist in forming. Best barrels are generally turned after they are ground. Inferior barrels are struck up with a large rubber, or smooth, by. boys; in some instances by -women.” THE PATENT BREECH. “The invention of the patent breech,” says Mr. Greener, “ was the emanation of a scientific mind ; for it has been productive of more real benefit to the progress of gunnery than any other improvement of the last two centuries. Experience and study in the theory of guns and gunpowder give the mind a much more enlarged view of the subject, if regulated by the established laws of true and sound principles: a want of thorough knowledge induces the individual to draw conclusions prematurely, and thus he is apt to fall, and to lead others, into error. I confess, that, to- gether with many hundreds more, I once concluded that the great advantage of the patent breech arose entirely from the loose state in which the powder was preserved while in the breech, and its thus being more instantaneously ignited. But I have already shown that the quickness of powder is, in a great measure, the greatest drawback to its efficacy, and I am clearly convinced that compression, in most in- stances, is beneficial, by retarding the ignition to a certain extent. Here, then, is proof positive, that we have been on the wrong scent, and running after a ‘Will o’ the Wisp.’ “There is the clearest evidence that the only ad- HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 233 vantage to be derived from any conical form of breech does not arise from any peculiarity attached © to the ignition of the gunpowder, but solely from the effect of the angular shape ; conical form being best suited, or presenting the least direct surface, to the action of the exploded fluid: the angles receive the blow and throw it off at the same opposite angle, and so on, without receiving any amount of force from the element striking it, and thus the elastic fluid is enabled to be resisted efficaciously. The cone becomes and forms an artificial solid base, to a certain extent ; and as such, it is much more beneficial than the same quantity of powder ignited on a flat surface, — as a ‘common plug breech, for instance; for here the 234 ON THE WING, direct quantity of space on the face of the breech receives the same impulse as the ball projected, and ~ is acted upon in precisely the same ratio in proportion to their different weights. In a musket of 11 Ibs., the comparative weight of gun and ball is as 1 to 176; and exactly in that proportion will be the dis-_ tribution of impulse from the expellent fluid, It thus becomes a plain question between the patent breech and the flat surface of the plug. The two halves of a parabola inverted, or the shape of a parabolic spindle, will be the best shape, according to the laws of science. The representation given on page 234 is asnear as I can get the engraver to represent my views of the best shape of breech.” LAMINATED STEEL BARRELS. With reference to laminated steel barrels, Mr. Greener says :— “ There are six qualities or varieties of mixtures of iron for barrels eof best quality. The plate-facing contains two kinds finished, composed of steel en- tirely, but of different degrees of carbonization : one is composed entirely of a laminated series containing many scores of distinct laminze in the thickness of the sides of the barrels, twisted and beat into tortuous shapes; the other, of larger lamina, but showing the edges of the laminz at an angle with the length, and thus appearing larger than if presenting the side _ or end of the plates. “ Care must be taken that the great proportion of the HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE, 235 fibres shall always run round the tube, so that the greatest portion of strength may be obtained, together with a beautiful figure. The cost of this arrangement is considerable, as it involves a great waste of metal, and occupies a considerable time to work and re-work, — twisting, fagoting with the bars placed in various forms, at acute angles to each other, at right angles plaiting three or four rods together, as a lady does her hair, cutting these into pieces, fagoting and welding them into one, and, in short, undergoing an endless routine of manipulations, which it would be strictly unprofitable to detail, but are all productive of cost. An ingenious man may work and improve metal of this nature until its cost equals the price of silver ; and, if judiciously done, improving it still, even until he has wasted go per cent of the original material. “The ultimate characteristics and properties of iron have, as yet, never been ascertained: it is capable of being condensed until it becomes nearly, if not quite, equal to the specific gravity of silver or lead. No pursuit, mechanical or philosophical, presents so great and so beneficial a research, to the whole civilized and scientific world, as iron. I could twist and retwist iron, until, from the beautiful and interesting results, it would become with me a sort of monomania. I wonder not at the variety of patterns in a Damascus sword-blade : the mind conveys me to the scene, and a regret arises that I did not live in those times ; yet still it is but a mechanical arrangement, directed by an ingenious mind, and the ultimate benefit, apart from the beauty, is no more than imaginary. However, it 230 ON THE “WING. proves that the Orientals were artists, and that they were appreciated: were this the case now with us, we could do all they ever did, and more. *‘ Laminated steel is now a great fact. It is a name stereotyped in Belgium, Germany, France, and Amer- ica, as well as in the place of its birth, — England ; and orders come from all parts of the globe for the celebrated laminated steel. Every writer of eminence is loud in its praise, and justly so too; for about its merits there is no mistake. No combination of metals ever yet before tried since the birth of gunnery can equal it, either in density, ductility, or tenacity. A laminated steel barrel has never been known to burst. ‘Reputed’ laminated steel barrels have been burst, but no real one ever. Nor is it probable, save from malconstruction. ‘Through inattention in the weld- ing the best of metal may be burnt; but the better the iron, the greater the difficulty. Steel is more liable to melt than burn; so that, with care and skill on the part of the workman, it will very seldom indeed occur. But that chance is provided for, as far as human judgment can do, in intrusting such barrels only to first-rate and steady workmen. Such men are no doubt, to a certain extent, scarce; but they may yet be found; the Birmingham welder of proved skill and ability is inferior to none in the world. Laminated steel barrels are more scarce than welders. * Although the various manufacturers of Europe have complimented me by adopting the name of my in- vention, yet I am sorry to add it is but in name; HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE. 237 there are very few even tolerable imitations of them. The cost is the ‘bugbear’; the name costs nothing, and can easily be Eda but to make laminated steel barrels is quite angtliet matter : it touches the pocket, and interferes with the profit; and it is only in very rare cases indeed —although the order may be as explicit as words can make it — that the real ar- ticle is supplied. There are very few makers in Bir- mingham who in reality make ‘laminated steel.’ Steel barrels are more plentiful: they care not so much for the price of the metal; it is the after re- peated manipulations that are evaded: the labor and loss of material is too much, and is_ necessarily ‘shirked, and argument is always met with the answer, ‘We see nothing in it. Yet the words ‘laminated steel’ are to be found engraved upon barrels of the lowest quality of iron of which double barrels are made. Iron twist is subjected to a similar process to that already described as employed in pro- ducing Damascus iron, and which may be termed common iron Damascus. ‘Thousands of guns are made from this kind of metal, and yearly sent to the United States of America; yet all are unblushingly represented as ‘laminated steel barrels.’ The actual price charged for these sort of guns in the United States I know not, but have no doubt for the whole gun it is about equal to what would be the prime cost of a pair of real laminated steel barrels alone. “Purchasers should be fully acquainted with the fact that it is impossible to produce laminated steel barrels at a low figure: labor, high-priced, skilled 238 ON THE WING. labor, is always costly ; and talent must be paid for in all parts of the world. The attainment of high class barrels at a low figure, as a rule, is an impossi- bility ; and the maker who would pretend, promise, or undertake to make a laminated steel barrelled gun under £ 15 to & 20 is an arrant deceiver: he could never profitably carry out such an intention, even if he possessed the ability to produce the article. For judgment, skill, and ability, as well as labor, are required to produce laminated steel barrels. Steel alone is not laminated ; and that is another difficulty : fortunately there are not many persons capable of effecting it. My method of laminating steel is kept as much out of sight as possible, as a means of self- protection.” On the subjects of gun-locks and the percussioning of a gun, I do not deem it necessary to speak par- ticularly. Good barrels are usually not at fault in these particulars ; and if the remarks I have so liber- ally quoted from Mr. Greener, with-reference to the composition and manufacture of gun-barrels, shall be the means of warning any of my readers against many of the cheap and unsafe guns that are only too plentiful in our market, I shall feel that I have sur- ‘rendered my pages to good purpose. STEEL BARRELS FOR SHOT GUNS. I have recently heard of a new process for making gun-barrels, which, if successful in producing barrels satisfactory in every respect, is certainly an improve- HOW GUN-BARRELS ARE MADE. 239 ment upon the present established process of manu- facturing them. The process to which I refer consists in ents in the first place, a piece of decarbonized steel, of very fine quality, and large enough to make a barrel of the required length, and puncturing a hole through it. A mandril or piston, of the size of the bore required, is then placed in the hole, when the steel, by some powerful means, is drawn over or around it. I am not acquainted with all the particulars of this new process, and can therefore give only the general prin- ciples involved. I will add that I think the process a practicable one. I know that barrels have been made in the way described, and I see no reason why the process should not be successful. Certain it is that decarbonized steel can be easily manipulated, and the working of it over a mandril or piston would seem likely to insure a bore of greater uniformity than the old process. Then, too, the material of the bar- rels is superior to that now used even in the best guns. It is much stronger than iron, and barrels made of it are therefore better adapted to stand the strain put upon all guns when discharged. 240 ON THE WING. PIGEON-SHOOTING. HE shooting of wild and domestic pigeons is a practice well calculated to increase the sports- man’s skill in shooting on the wing, and especially in making snap-shots. This kind of sport is conducted by clubs and asso- ciations, for the purpose of giving members opportuni- ties to shoot at flying birds, and it is practised more in the Western and Middle than in the Eastern States. Owing to the want of efficient game laws, or the lax- ity with which those already existing in some of the States are enforced, game is constantly becoming scarce throughout the country; and, in my opinion, the art of shooting on the wing must be entirely given up in some sections, unless the game laws be made more effective. Should the former result occur, pigeon- shooting will be the only kind of sport left for those who love to pull the trigger. Even now, in some large cities and towns of the Eastern States, the expert who wishes to try his new gun, or the novice desirous of testing his progress in the art, must go to the shoot- ing-club, if he would be sure of finding game. Seldom will the sportsman have a more trying occa- sion for his nerves, seldom will he have greater need of all his coolness and quickness combined, than when at the stand in his first pigeon-shoot. Many an ex- PIGEON-SHOOTING. 241 cellent shot, on his first appearance at one of these shoots, and walking up to his position before the trap, surrounded by a crowd of spectators, will find himself unable wholly to conceal a slight tremulous feeling. Many a hunter, who in the field is as firm as a rock, will, under these circumstances, knowing that his - standing will be affected by the result of his shot, show the white feather somewhat, until by practice he has learned to overcome his nervous excitement. And it is often noticed that many who in the brush can knock over their game-birds, one with each barrel, in handsome style, make but a poor tally on coming to the pigeon-shoot. One of the greatest mistakes made by sportsmen in their first attempts at pigeon-shooting is holding on to the bird too long, thus letting him get out of killing range. ‘This is especially apt to be the case while the bird is flying from the shooter. The mark then is not only a small one to hit, but the vulnerable part of the bird is not presented to the marksman. ‘The shooter may, and generally will, Zz¢ his pigeon, but often, in such cases, it will get over the boundary line. The great secret in killing pigeons from a ground-trap is to shoot them the instant they rise, and before they have got under full headway. If they are coming toward you on a quarter shot, either to the left or right, there is no need of haste. But otherwise, the sooner the bird is well covered by the gun, the more likely will you be to hear the referee call out, “ Dead bird.” The arrangements for a pigeon-shoot are usually II P 242. ON THE WING. made in a large open field, if possible without trees or buildings within its enclosure. Near the centre is placed the trap or traps, and around this centre is made a circle one hundred and sixty yards in diameter. The circle is marked by stakes bearing a white or red flag. Numbers, from one to the number of those who intend to shoot, are written upon pieces of paper, or, more usually, upon a cut wad, and put into a hat. “‘ Before taken,” it is “well shaken,” — each person drawing his number, and taking his position accord- ingly. No. zr takes his stand at the trap, and will shoot first, No. 2 coming next. As soon as No. 1 has made his shot, he falls into the circle in his order, at the rear of the highest number. In this manner they “swing round the circle,” taking their turns at the ’ trap in rotation. When two traps are used, they are marked H. and T., meaning Head and Tai, and a piece of coin is turned, to decide from which trap the bird shall fly. and be shot at. By this simple regulation sports- men will be likely to have fair play, and at the same time not be likely to have their pigeons “ doctored,” by the tail and wing feathers being pulled out, as is sometimes done by the initiated. When all is ready, No. 1, whose stand is at the trap, gives the word gu//, and the trap is sprung by a man whose business is to “ tend the trap,” and the bird is let out. The shooter must keep the breech of his gun below the right elbow, until the bird rises. Often the pigeon will trouble the sportsman, by standing PIGEON-SHOOTING. 243 ‘upon the ground for some moments before taking wing. Should the bird be missed by the sportsman at the trap, and pass the boundary line, he is stopped, if possible, by the nearest gun, as he passes over the circle of shooters. If the members of the club are all good shots, but few birds will escape. The shooting-clubs of New England have, I believe, generally adopted the New York rules and regulations. I give in the Appendix their by-laws, and a form of con- stitution framed by a Boston club, to illustrate the plan in full. 244 ON THE WING. CLOSING REMAEES. T is my desire that American sportsmen should take a high position in the science and art of shooting, a position becoming educated gentlemen ; and that the imputations often cast upon sportsman- ship, such as its being necessarily connected with bad habits and associations, be shown to be entirely unwar- ranted. There is in this country a strong prejudice against the sporting fraternity ; and this feeling has been car- ried so far that even to be seen with a gun is some- times considered beneath the dignity of a gentleman. “But, as before stated, very different ideas are enter- tained on the other side of the Atlantic. No English gentleman considers himself fully educated unless he possesses a knowledge of the manly art of shooting on the wing; and to be a crack shot is, with an Englishman, an honor not to be despised. It is true we are in some respects differently situa- ted from the English. We have not a nobility able to indulge in sporting and give character to it by so- cial and legal prescription. But we have, neverthe- less, among our better classes, sufficient taste and dis- cretion, as well as sufficient leisure, to make hunting a pleasant and honorable recreation. What is essential, in order to bring about this CLOSING REMARKS. 245 desirable result, is the better education of our sports- men in all matters connected with sporting, including the manufacture of the gun, the proper loading and handling and carrying of it. We must do away with the ignorance and awkwardness sure to be exhibited when these subjects are not studied in detail. Every sportsman knows something about a gun ; but if he has studied it no further than to know how to load it with certain charges, and then shoot with it, however well, he has but little knowledge of the scien- tific operations connected with the weapon itself. The gun is an engine of greater variety and more exquisite mechanism than any other of its size. And to be able to use this engine well, one must know all its parts, and the devices for improving its work- ing. The study of the proportionate quantity of powder and shot best suited to the character of a gun, is of prime importance to the sportsman; and, although we seldom hear the subject discussed, yet out of a dozen fair shooters there will hardly be found two who load their guns exactly alike. Of course a cannot be correct in the proportions of powder and shot in their charges. Some sportsmen may say it is ridicu- lous to be so “fussy” about the loading of a gun. And yet these very persons will doubtless close up an argument on this subject with their “rules,” thereby making a virtual acknowledgment of the necessity of a general rule. In previous pages I have given what I believe to be the standard rules for loading ; and if 23 drachms of powder and 14 ounces of 2S: ON THE WING. shot are the standard medium charge for any gun which weighs from 64 to 74 lbs., what shall be said of those who constantly shoot but 14 drachms of powder with the same quantity of shot, or 14 ounces of shot and 2 drachms of powder, or 3 drachms of powder with 1 ounce of shot? I know of sportsmen with whom each of these charges is a standard rule. They shoot indeed fairly with them ; but in my opinion their guns if properly loaded would do much better. : Much remains to be learned before our knowledge of breech and muzzle loading shot guns can be con- sidered complete. Attention is now strongly directed to this subject, and improvements in these weapons may reasonably be anticipated. Generally speaking, those in this country who have hitherto used the gun most have not been men of mechanical apti- tude or of scientific acquirements. It therefore be- comes those who love and understand the weapon best to be the pioneers in adopting or encouraging whatever improvements may be made in it. Let every one remember, too, that many of the greatest improve- ments in machinery have been suggested or devised by persons not directly engaged in the business for which the improvement was made. Another point for the consideration of sportsmen, old or young, is the manner of carrying the gun. This is a point of no little consequence. The rules for carrying in the field have been laid down in the chapter “How to carry”; but I would here remark more particularly upon the manner of carrying in the CLOSING REMARKS. 247 street, in the cars, or at a gathering for any kind of shooting. A sportsman can tell at a glance, by noticing how a person handles and carries his gun, whether he is well up to his work in shooting. The poor shooter will usually be recognized, when walking, by his. car- rying his gun horizontally, at some distance from his body, and generally with half a yard or so of the meanest kind of a cloth gun-case hanging down from the muzzle; when at a shooting-gathering, by his carrying it on his shoulder, with the muzzle poking far out behind, so that every time he turns suddenly in the crowd, some one gets an ugly rap. At other times he appears with his gun heavily load- ed, caps on and hammers down, — especially if he be a countryman, — ready to shoot at the trap or tar- get, or perhaps at some companion if the gun should accidentally go off. Again he will be seen with the muzzles of his loaded gun resting on the ground, and his body leaning against the breech, or resting his arms or body on the muzzles of his loaded barrels in various careless ways. All these slovenly ways of carrying and handling guns may frequently be seen in any large collection of sportsmen, and being proofs of great ignorance or carelessness, they serve to indicate to the looker-on who the poor shots are; for no one can be an expert, excelling in any kind of artistic or mechanical employment, without showing a fitting ele- gance and ease of movement when about his business. The attention of sportsmen should be especially di- rected to the needed improvements in cartridges. for 248 ON THE WING. shot, applicable to both muzzle and breech loaders. I have already alluded to this subject in the chapter “About Shot” ; and I hope that an improvement in this respect, so needful to increase the power and closeness of shooting, will be brought about, in a way that shall not only bring honor to the inventor, but compensate him with a remunerative patent. Finally, I would urge upon my brother Nimrods the prime importance of keeping their guns clean and free from rust. The more I think of this subject, the more firmly I am convinced that, generally speaking, guns do not wear out, but rust out. It is not necessary to weary the reader with a dis- sertation upon the importance of keeping the gun clean. Certainly, if a gun is worth having, it is worth keeping in good order. We want no further evidence that a person is a poor hunter, than the knowledge that he lets rust run riot in the fowling-piece, which hé should carefully guard against all foulness. If it is a choice and expensive gun, so much the greater is the offence. A good gun has cost too much labor and too much money to be destroyed with rust. Even when using breech-loaders, much care is required to keep them clean, although cleansing may be done far more easily than in the muzzle-gun, because there is an opportunity of examining the entire length of the barrel inside, and of detecting the first symptoms of foulness or rust. In conclusion, let the name of the American sports- man become honorably known throughout the world ; and let us develop a taste for the various kinds of CLOSING REMARKS, 249 hunting in the field, such as becomes a great and in- telligent people. Let us be as famous in the science and art of using the shotgun “on the wing,’ as we have been the world over for our use of the Ken- tucky rifle. 11 *¥ AEE AOWIW Qt Thon? One Soe “hh blond ee i tei 4 SayEAb. ¢ y 1 aT AIP POE ON Dik. x. —_e—. TECHNICAL NAMES USED BY GUN-MAKERS, THAT APPLY TO THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE LOCK AND GUN, ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED. Antechamber.— The small opening or passage forming a connection between the end of the tube and the cham- ber, and through which the fire from the cap is conducted to the powder lying in the chamber. Bolts. — The small sliding pin that passes through the fore-end of the stock, and, fitting in the loops of the barrel, secures them in their position. Bolt-Loops. — Small iron loops, attached to the barrels, through which the bolts pass to fasten the barrel to the stock. Break-off or False Breeching. — The piece of metal made fast to the stock by the cross-pin, into which the hooks of the breeches must be inserted before the barrels will slip into their bed. Bridle. — The piece of polished steel, partly covering the tumbler and scear in which the pivot of the tumbler works, holding all the machinery secure. Bridle-Pins. — Small screws which keep the bridle in its place. Cap. — The piece of metal covering the worm of the ramrod. Cap.— The metal finish at the extreme point of the stock. 252 APPENDIX. Chain or Swivel.— A small piece of steet fastened to the neck of the tumbler to receive the end of the main- spring. Chamber or Cuf.— The space or opening in the centre of the breech, designed to hold a portion of the charge of powder. . Cock, Hammer, or Striker.— The arm of the lock, which, being freed by the pressure of the finger on the trigger, falls on the nipple, and explodes the cap. Cross-Pin or False-Breech Screw.— The screw which, passing through the trigger-plate and stock, secures the break-off, or false breeching. Cup. — See Chamber. Escutcheons. — Pieces of metal set in the stock through which the bolts pass, so as to prevent the wearing or chaf- ing of the wood work. Also the metal shield or thumb- piece on which the crest or name is engraved. Face or Head of the Hammer.— That portion of the. cock surrounded with a rim, guard, or nose, which, on its fall, comes in contact with the nipple and explodes the Cap. : False Breeching. — See Break-off. False-Breech Screw. — See Cross-Pin. Guard. — Curved plate of metal to protect the trigger. Guard-Screws. — The screws by which the guard is ‘fastened to the stock. fTammer. — See Cock. Hammer Bridle. —That portion of the lock in which the tail of the hammer works. Flammer-Spring. — The pin on which the tail of the hammer is moved. Head of the Hammer. — See Face of the Hammer. fleel-Plate. — The plate with which the butt is tipped. Fleel-Plate Screws. — Screws which secure the heel- plate to the stock. APPENDIX. 258 Lock-Plate. — Plate to.which the works of the lock are attached. Main-Spring. — The large spring attached to the swivel by which the lock is worked. Nipple, Pivot, or Tube. — The small steel pillar screwed into the breeches, on which the copper cap is placed. Patent Breech. — The piece of metal which is screwed into the end of the barrel and forms the chamber. Pipes. — Bands to receive the ramrod. Pivot. — See Nipple. amrod-Head. — The piece of metal which, surround- ing the head of the ramrod, prevents it from splitting. Ramrod-Screw or Worm.—The screw at the end of the rod for the purpose of drawing a wad. Rod-Stop. — The small piece of metal on the inner side of the barrel, contiguous to the muzzle, which prevents the ramrod from slipping out. Scear.— The small piece of metal which catches in the bends of the tumblers for whole or half-cock, and, when pushed out of position by the trigger, permits the -cock to fall on the cap. Screw-Pin.— The small screw which passes through the scear into the lock-plate, and keeps it in its proper po- sition. Scear-Spring. — The spring which forces and holds the scear in the bends or notches of the tumbler. Scear-Spring Screw. — The screw which keeps the scear- spring in its place. Scroll-Guard.— Extension of the guard to protect the ane. ~": Stde-Pin or Nail.— The screw which holds the lock to the stock. Sight. — The piece of metal attached to the rib which connects the barrels, put on the top, and near the muzzle, used in taking aim at any object. 254 . APPENDIX. Sight-Plate. — See Top-Prece. Spring-Cramp. — An instrument for taking out the main- spring. Stock. — The wooden part of the gun, which supports the barrel, and comes to the shoulder in shooting. Striker. — See Cock. Swivel. — See Chain. Top-Piece, Sight-Plate, or Upper-Rib.— The elevated metal plate along which the eye is directed to the sight. Triggers. — Light pieces of metal, protected by the guard, and extending to the interior of the lock, which, upon being pressed by the finger, withdraw the scear from the tumbler, and thus permit the cock to fall and explode the cap. Trigger-Plate.— The plate in which the trigger works. Trigger-Spring.— The small spring that, pressing against the trigger, keeps it close to the scear. Tube. — See Nipple. . Tumbler. — The movable centre-piece of a lock, hav- ing an axle passing through the lock-plate to which the cock is fastened. Tumbler-Screw or Pin.— The screw with which the cock or hammer is fastened to the tumbler. Under-Cross Pin. — The screw which passes through the front of the guard or trigger-plate into the base of the break-off. Under-Rib. — The piece of metal running the whole length of the barrels, which, together with the upper rib or sight-plate, holds them securely together. Vent or Vent-Hole.— A small hole at the side of the breeching, intended to allow-the escape of a portion of the explosive force, and lessen the recoil. APPENDIX, TERMS USED BY SPORTSMEN. For Woodcock. A couple of Woodcocks. A couple and a half of Woodcocks, A flight of Woodcocks. To flush or start Woodcocks. For Partridges or Quails. A brace of Partridges or birds. A covey of Partridges or birds. A brace and a half of Partridges or birds. To spring or flush Partridges or birds. for Grouse. A brood of Grouse. A pack of Grouse. A brace of Grouse. A leash of Grouse. for Snipe or Plover. A wisp or walk of Snipes. A wing or congregation of Plovers. A couple of Snipes or Plovers, A couple and a half of Snipes or Plovers. To spring a Snipe or Plover. For Large Wild-Fowl. A flock or team of Wild Ducks. A company or trip of Wild Ducks, A gaggle or flock of Wild Geese. A flock of Teal. A gang of Brant. A whiteness of Swans. 255 256 APPENDIX. For Small Wild-Fowl or Shore Birds of all Kinds. A flock. A couple. A couple and a half. For Hares. A brace of Hares. A leash of Hares. To start a Hare. CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE WIN- THROP SHOOTING-CLUB OF BOSTON, WITH THE RULES OF TRAP-SHOOTING. - CONSTITUTION, NAME. ARTICLE.I. This Club shall be called the * Club.”. OFFICERS. ART. 2. The officers shall consist of a President, Secre- tary, and Treasurer. There shall also be an Executive. Committee, consisting of five persons, three of whom shall be the officers above named. They shall all be chosen with ballot by general ticket, and shall hold their offices for one year, or until others shall be chosen in their stead. A majority of all the votes cast at a legal meeting of the Club shall be required for an election. An election of officers shall take place immediately after the adoption of the Constitution and By-Laws, for the period extend- ing to the first annual election, on the second Thursday in , 186-. APPENDIX. 257 DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. ART. 3. It shall be the duty of the President, when present, to preside at all meetings of the Club and Execu- tive Committee ; to preserve order; see that the laws of the Club are promptly executed, and the rules of parlia- mentary usage are observed in respect to precedence of motions, orders of debate, &c. ; but if he wishes to take the floor to discuss any motion, he must call some one to preside. In case of an equal division of the members on any question, the presiding officer shall give the casting vote. He shall call special meetings of the Club when he shall deem it expedient, or the interests of the Club re- quire it; and on the written application of five members shall call a meeting at such time as they shall designate. He shall issue notices of meetings, in case of the absence or incapacity of the Secretary. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. ART. 4. It shall be the duty of the Secretary, in case of the absence of the President, to call the meetings to order, when a President fro fem. shall be elected. He shall keep a record of the proceedings of the meetings of the Club and Executive Committee, with such record of the shoots as the Executive Committee or Club may deem expedient; shall issue all notices of meetings, stating therein the time and place of said meeting, and the busi- ness coming before it; shall collect all assessments, and pay the same into the treasury ; and any notice sent toa member, through the post-office, of assessments due, shall be considered as a demand for the same. He shall also keep a record of the name in full of each member of the Club, his residence and business; which records, books, and papers shall be open to the inspection of the members at all reasonable times. At the end of his term of office, Q 258 APPENDIX. he shall deliver all the books, papers, and records of the Club in good order into the hands of his successor. DUTIES OF THE TREASURER. ArT. 5. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to keep open to the inspection of the members, at all reasonable times, an accurate account of all money received into the treasury from the Secretary or otherwise, and of all the expenditures of the Club, and make a report in writing of the same, at the annual meeting on the of each year. Said report must have been audited and approved by the Executive Committee, and must be received and acted upon previous to the election of officers. He shall pay all bills of accounts approved by the Executive Com- mittee ; and, at the end of his term of office, shall surren- der all books, papers, and moneys of the Club, in his hands, into the hands of his successor. DUTIES OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, ArT. 6. The Executive Committee shall have power to make such rules and regulations as may be found neces- sary for the better management of the Club, which shall be submitted to the members for their approval, at their next legal meeting. They shall have charge of, and be respon- sible for, all the property of the Club; shall make arrange- ments for all shoots, designating time and place; purchase pigeons, provide collation, and grounds to shoot upon, and appoint judges or referees to decide any dispute that may arise upon the same ; but said judges or referees shall con- fine themselves to the By-Laws of the Club. They may hold meetings for business as often as they deem the inter- ests of the Club require. They shall audit, and, if found correct, approve the books and accounts of the Treasurer, and also approve all bills of accounts against the Club, APPENDIX. 259 which bills so approved shall be equivalent to a draft on the treasury for the same. On a petition of five members, the Executive Committee shall appoint a day for a shoot ; but at all shoots, the party shooting shall pay all expenses attending the same, — such as cost of pigeons and keep- ing the same, lunch, &c., excepting on an annual shoot, when each member of the Club shall be assessed his proportion of expenses, whether he be present or no. MEMBERS. ART. 7. The number of members of the Club shall be unlimited. Should the number be decreased by death or otherwise, new members may be elected in their stead, by a two-thirds vote of all members present at any legal meeting of the Club; such new member to have been proposed at a previous meeting ; and the notice for the call of the meeting shall so specify. Each member shall pay into the treasury on entering the Club five dollars ; and an annual assessment of two dollars at the commence- ment of each year thereafter ; and any member neglecting or refusing to pay any assessment for thirty days from de- mand shall forfeit to the Club all his rights to any property of the same; also all rights to membership, unless such delinquent shall make a reasonable excuse at the next legal meeting, which excuse shall be accepted by a two-thirds vote of said meeting. Each member shall notify the Sec- retary of any change of residence or business. Any mem- ber being noisy, disorderly, disrespectful, or offensive, may be expelled, by a two-thirds vote, at any legal meeting, and their property in the Club confiscated to the use of the same. Every member shall sign this Constitution. QUORUM. ArT. 8, SEc. 1. At any meeting of the Club, nine members shall constitute a quorum for business, 260 APPENDIX. SEc. 2. At any meeting of the Executive Committee, three members shall constitute a quorum. MEETINGS. ART. 9. There shall be held a meeting of the Club on in each year, to receive and act upon the report of the Treasurer and Executive Committee, and any other business that may then come before them; after which an election of officers shall take place. Should a vacancy occur in any office, a meeting shall at once be called to fill such vacancy. No meeting to be legal, except notice be given, at least three days previous to said meeting. AMENDMENTS. ~ ArT. 10. No alteration or amendment of this Consti- tution shall be made, except by a vote of a majority of all the members of the Club, at a meeting called for that purpose, notice of which shall be given at least five days previous to said meeting ; and said notice shall expressly specify that said meeting is for the purpose of amending or altering the Constitution. The By-Laws may be altered or amended by a majority of the members present at any legal meeting; notice of which alteration or amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting, and so spe- cified in the call for said meeting. BY-LAWS. ARTICLE 1. If the officers of this Club, in their several official capacities, shall neglect the performance of their duties, or shall not administer the laws of the Club effi- ciently and equally, on written complaint of five members a meeting shall be called, at which meeting the accused may be censured, removed from office, or fully exonerated, as the circumstances of the case may warrant. APPENDIX, 261 ORDER OF PROCEEDINGS. ART. 2, SEC. 1. Secretary to first read record of the last meeting, which, being approved, shall stand. When a mo- tion has been made and seconded, it shall be put in writing if desired by any member, and read by the Chairman before the same be open for discussion. SEc. 2. When a motion is under discussion, all remarks must be addressed to the Chair; and no other motion shall be entertained, except to amend, adjourn, lay on the table, postpone indefinitely, or call for the previous ques- tion, which several motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand arranged. SEC. 3. No member who did not vote with the major- ity on any question shall move the reconsideration of a vote. SEC. 4. Voting by proxy shall not be allowed in this Club. ART. 3. The Executive Committee shall report in writing at each annual meeting of the Club, of their doings, of the amount and character of the property of the Club in their charge; which report shall be placed on file, and kept by the Secretary for the use of members. ART. 4. No assessments shall be laid on the members of the Club, other than such as are provided for by the Con- stitution, except by the votes of two thirds of all the mem- bers present at any legal meeting. Any member wishing to withdraw from the Club must notify the Secretary of such intention. ArT. 5. The Executive Committee may invite one or more distinguished shots to participate in any shoot ; such invited guest to be subject to the rules, and pay the same as a member of the Club. All guns to be discharged immediately upon the close of any shoot. No liquor shall be furnished by the Club or Executive 262 APPENDIX. Committee to be drank upon the ground or elsewhere. No money to be drawn from the treasury to pay for pigeons. In cases of a match or sweepstakes, the Club to be governed by the rules of the New York Club, hereunto appended. Signed, ——, President. —., Secretary. , Lreasurer. RULES OF TRAP-SHOOTING ADOPTED BY THE NEW YORK SPORTSMEN’S CLUB. JUDGES. 1st. All matches or sweepstakes to be under the direc- tion of two judges, to be appointed by the parties inter- ested from members of the Club ; and in the event of any difference of opinion between them, they are to choose a referee, whose decision shall be final. TRAPS. 2d. Ground-traps are to be used, unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties interested. 3d. In shooting with two traps, the choice of either * must be decided by lot. 4th. In double-bird shooting, two traps must be used, unless otherwise agreed upon, placed six feet apart, and the lines so attached that both traps may be pulled to- gether. GUNS. 5th. The use of single or double barrelled guns to be specified at the time of making a match, or entering a sweepstakes. . SHOT. 6th. The weight of shot not to exceed one and a half ounces either for single or double birds. APPENDIX. 263 7th. Any person or persons using a greater weight of shot than this, unless an increase of it shall have been specified or agreed upon, loses his claim in the result of the match, or sweepstakes, as the case may be. RISE. 8th. The rvzse for single birds to be twenty-one yards, and for double birds eighteen yards. BOUNDARIES. oth. The doundary for single birds to be eighty yards and for double birds one hundred yards; the distances being measured from the trap. 1oth. If a bird is once out of bounds, it is missed. SCORING, 11th. Whena person is at the score, and ready to shoot, he is to call fwl7- and should the trap be sprung without his having given the word, he may take the bird or birds or not ; but if he shoots, the bird or birds will be charged to him. 12th. The party at the score must not leave it to shoot. 13th. The party shooting is to be at the score within the expiration of five minutes from the last shot; but in the event of any delay beyond his control, he may claim fifteen minutes once in the course of a match or sweep- stakes. 14th. When a party is at the score, no one will be per- mitted to go in front of him to put a bird up, in the event of its not rising readily. 15th. The party at the score must hold the but of his gun below his elbow, until the bird or birds rise. RISING OF BIRDS. 16th. If the trap or traps are sprung, and the bird or birds do not rise in a reasonable time, either of the judges 264. APPENDIX. may declare “no bird”; but if they do not say “no bird,” the party at the score must wait for the bird or birds to rise. 17th. In double-bird shooting, should only one bird fly, it is to be charged to the party shooting, whether he may have shot or not. 18th. Should two birds be killed with one barrel, they are to be credited to the party shooting. 19th. If a bird or birds walk away from the trap, the judges may declare “no bird.” 2oth. A bird must be on the wing when shot at. MISSING FIRE. 21st. In case a percussion-cap or primer, as the case may be, fails to explode, the bird or birds are not to be charged to the party shooting ; but if the cap or primer explodes without igniting a charge, or if, after his giving the word to pull, his gun proves not to have been cocked, or not to have been properly loaded, and it fails to fire, he will be held to have missed. BALKING. 22d. If, in the opinion of the judges, the party at the score is balked, or in any manner obstructed by his oppo- nent, or any person otHer than his own backers, he may be allowed to trap another bird, in accordance with the decision of the judges. 23d. In single-bird shooting, when more than one rises at a time, either of the judges may call “no bird,” if he or they think proper; but if the party at the score has shot at a bird, it will be charged to him. 24th. If a bird or birds shall fly towards the parties within the bounds, in such a manner that to shoot at them would involve the wounding of any of the parties referred to, the judges, or either of them, may decide “no bird.” 25th. If a bird in its flight is shot at by another party a ae aa Pram ay APPENDIX, 265 than the one at the score, and is recovered within the bounds, the judges are to decide if the bird was missed by the party at the score. . 26th. If at any time it should so occur that different and opposing orders should be given by the judges to a party at the score, he is to arrest his fire; and any bird shot at by him after such orders shall not be allowed him if re- covered, or charged to him if missed. EES. 27th. In case of a Zze, it must be shot off the same day, if practicable to do so, unless the purse, or prizes, are . divided by agreement; and if not, it must be decided the Jirst ensuing fitting day. 28th. In the decision of ties, three shots will be required both for double and single birds, except otherwise agreed upon. RECOVERING OF BIRDS. 29th. The party shooting must gather his birds individ- ually, if required to do so by his opponent. 30th. The party recovering a bird must use his hands alone. 31st. If a bird alights in a tree, or upon any place im- practicable to be conveniently recovered, the party shoot- ing will be allowed fifteen minutes for the bird to fall or change his resting-place ; if he is not recovered in that time, it will be held to be a missed bird. SECTIONS OF THE GAME-LAWS OF THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS ENACTED FOR THE PRO- TECTION OF CERTAIN BIRDS AND ANIMALS. SECTION 1. Whoever, between the first day of March and the first day of October, takes, kills, or destroys any of | 12 266 APPENDIX. the birds called partridges or quails ; or between the first day of March and the fourth day of July, takes, kills, or destroys any of the birds called woodcock; or at any season of the year takes, kills, or destroys any of the birds called robins, thrushes, linnets, sparrows, bluebirds, bob- olinks, yellowbirds, woodpeckers, or warblers, or within the respective times aforesaid sells, buys, or has in his possession any of said birds taken or killed in this State or elsewhere, shall forfeit for every such partridge, quail, or woodcock, five dollars, and for every other of said birds two dollars. SEC. 2. Whoever, at any season of the year, takes, kills, or destroys, by means of traps or snares, any of the birds mentioned in the preceding section, except partridges, shall forfeit for every such bird so taken, killed, or destroyed, five dollars. SEC. 3. The mayor and aldermen and selectmen of the several cities and towns shall cause the provisions of the preceding sections to be enforced in their respective places. SEC. 4. Whoever, between the first day of March and the fourth day of July, shoots at or kills any birds upon lands not owned or occupied by himself, and without license from the owner or occupant thereof, shall forfeit to the owner or occupant ten dollars, in addition to the actual damages sustained, to be recovered in an action of tort. SEC. 5. Whoever, between the first day of March and the first day of July, takes or kills any birds on any salt- marshes, or sells any birds so taken or killed, shall forfeit two dollars for every offence ; provided, that nothing con- tained in this section shall prevent the owner or occupant of such lands from taking or killing birds on lands so owned or held by him. SEC. 6. Whoever, within this State, takes, kills, or destroys any of the birds called grouse or heath-hens, or Sells, buys, or has in his possession any of said birds APPENDIX. 267 so killed or taken, shall forfeit for every such bird twenty dollars. SEC. 7. Whoever kills any grouse or heath-hen as afore- said, upon lands not owned or occupied by himself, and without license from the owner or occupant thereof, shall, for each bird so killed, forfeit to such owner or occupant ten dollars, in addition to the actual damages sustained, to be recovered in an action of tort. SEC. 8. When a person is suspected of having in his possession grouse or heath-hen taken or killed contrary to the provision of this chapter, a justice of the peace or police court, on complaint, on oath before him, may issue his warrant directed to the proper officer, to search for the same; and the same proceedings may be had as are provided in chapter one hundred and seventy, relating to searches and seizures. SEC. 9. The provisions of the preceding sections shall not extend to any city in which the city council, nor to any town in which the inhabitants at their annual meeting, in any year, vote to suspend the operation thereof in whole or in part, and for such term of time, not exceeding one year, as they deem expedient. SEC. 10. Whoever, between the hour of sunset and one hour before the sun’s rising, on any day between the twen- tieth day of April and the first day of July, takes, confines, kills, or destroys any of the birds called plover, curlin, doughbird, or chicken-bird, shall, for every such bird so taken, confined, killed, or destroyed, forfeit one dollar. SEC. 11. Whoever at any time kills or destroys any of the birds mentioned in the preceding section, by the use of any other means or instruments than such as are usu- ally used in fowling or killing wild game, shall, for every such offence, be liable to the penalty mentioned in said section. SEC. 12, Whoever, between the first day of January and 268 APPENDIX. the first day of August, kills or hunts any deer, except his own tame deer, or deer kept in his park or on his own land, shall, for every such offence, forfeit twenty dollars. SEC. 13. Whoever, at any time of the year, hunts, chases, or kills, with hounds or dogs, any deer within the counties of Plymouth or Barnstable, shall, for every such offence, forfeit twenty dollars. SECTIONS OF THE GAME-LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO THE HUNTING OF DEER, WILD FOWL, AND BIRDS. MOOSE AND DEER. SECTION I. No person shall kill, or pursue with intent to kill, any moose or wild deer, save only during the months of August, September, October, November, and up to and inclusive of the tenth day of December, or shall expose for sale, or have in his or her possession, any green moose or deer skin, or fresh venison, save only in the months afore- said, and up to and inclusive of the tenth of December. WILD FAWN AND GRAY RABBITS. SEc. 2. No person shall at any time kill any wild fawn during the periods when such fawn is in its spotted coat, or expose for sale, or have at any time in his or her possession any spotted wild fawn skin or any gray rabbit from the first of February to the first of November. WILD PIGEONS. SEc. 3. No person shall kill or catch, or discharge any fire-arm at, any wild pigeon while in any nesting ground, or break up or in any manner disturb such nesting ground APPENDIX. 269 or the nests or birds therein, or discharge any fire-arm at any distance within one fourth mile of such nesting place at such pigeon. WILD FOWL. SEc. 4. No person shall kill or expose for sale, or have in his possession after the same is killed, any wood duck (commonly called black duck), gray duck (commonly called summer duck), mallard or teal duck, between the first day of February and the fifteenth day of August in each year. No person shall at any time kill any wild duck, goose, or other wild fowl, with or by means of the device or instru- ment known as swivel or punt gun, or with or by means of any gun other than such guns as are habitually raised at arm’s length, and fired from the shoulder, or shall use any such device, or instrument or gun, other than such gun as aforesaid, with intent to kill any such duck, goose, or other wild fowl. No person shall in any manner kill, or molest with intent to kill, any wild ducks, geese, or other wild fowl, while the same are sitting at night upon their resting-places. But this section shall not apply to waters of Long Island Sound or the Atlantic Ocean. PENALTY FOR VIOLATION. SeEc. 5. Any person violating the foregoing provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall likewise be liable to a penalty of fifty dollars for each offence. INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS. SEc. 6. No person shall at any time, within this State, kill or trap, or expose for sale, or have in his possession, after the same is killed, any eagle, fish-hawk, night-hawk, whippoorwill, finch, thrush, lark, sparrow, yellow-bird, brown thresher, wren, martin, swallow, tanager, oriole, woodpecker, bobolink, or any other harmless bird, or any song-bird ; or 270 APPENDIX. kill, trap or expose for sale any robin, blackbird, meadow lark or starling, save during the months of August, Septem- ber, October, November, and December ; nor destroy or rob the nests of any wild birds whatever, under a penalty of five dollars for each bird so killed, trapped, or exposed for sale, and for each nest destroyed or robbed. This sec- tion shall not apply to any person who shall kill or trap any bird for the purpose of studying its habits or history, or having the same stuffed and set up as a specimen; nor to any person who shall kill on his own premises any robin during the period when summer fruits or grapes are ripen- ing, provided such robin is killed in the act of destroying such fruits or grapes. PINNATED GROUSE. ° Src. 7. No person shall, at any time within ten years from the passage of this act, kill any pinnated grouse, com- monly called the prairie fowl, unless upon grounds owned by them, and grouse placed thereon by said owners, under a penalty of ten dollars for each bird so killed. WOODCOCK, RUFFED GROUSE, QUAIL, RAIL, AND PAR- TRIDGE. Sec. 8. No person shall kill, or have in his or her pos- session, except alive, for the purpose of preserving the same alive through the winter, or expose for sale any woodcock or ruffed grouse, commonly called partridge, between the first day of January and the first day of September, or kill any quail, sometimes called Virginia partridge, between the first day of January and the twentieth day of October, or have the same in possession, or expose the same for sale between the first day of February and the twentieth day of October, or have in his possession any pinnated grouse, commonly called prairie chicken, or expose the same for APPENDIX, art sale between the first day of February and the first day of July, under a penalty of five dollars for each bird so killed or had in possession, or exposed for sale. Provided, how- ever, that in the counties lying along the Hudson River and Susquehanna River and its branches, and in the counties ly- ing south of the north line of the county of Greene and the county of Columbia, and in the counties bordering upon the waters where the tide ebbs and flows, it shall be law- ful to kill or possess or expose for sale any woodcock or rail or ruffed grouse, commonly called partridge, between the third day of July and the first day of January. TRAPPING PROHIBITED. Sec. 9. No person shall, at any time, or in any place within this State, with any trap or snare, take any quail or ruffed grouse, under a penalty of five dollars for each quail or grouse so trapped or snared. VIOLATING THE SABBATH. SEc. 10. There shall be no shooting, hunting, or trapping on the first day of the week, called Sunday, and any person offending against the provisions of this section shall, on con- viction, forfeit and pay a sum not exceeding twenty-five dollars, or be imprisoned in the county jail of the county where the offence was committed, not less than ten days nor more than twenty-five days for each offence. TRESPASS. Sec. 11. Any person who shall at any time enter upon the lawn, garden, orchard, or pleasure grounds immediately surrounding a dwelling-house, with any fire-arm, for the purpose of shooting, contrary to the provisions of this act, or shall shoot at any bird or animal thereon, shall be deemed guilty of trespass, and in addition to the damages, shall be liable to a penalty of ten dollars. 272 APPENDIX. HOW PENALTIES ARE RECOVERED. Sec. 20. All penalties imposed under the provisions of this act may be recovered, with cost of suit, by any person or persons in his or their own names, before any justice of the peace in the county where the offence was committed or where the defendant resides ; or when such Suit shall be brought in the city of New York, before any justice of any of the District Courts or of the Marine Court of said city ; or such penalties may be recovered in an action in the Su- preme Court of this State, by any person or persons, in his or their own names; which action shall be governed by the same rules as other actions in said Supreme Court, except that a recovery by the plaintiff or plaintiffs in such suit in said court, costs shall be allowed to such plaintiff or plain- tiffs, without regard to the amount of such recovery; and any district court judge, justice of the peace, police, or other magistrate, is authorized, upon receiving sufficient security for costs on the part of the complainant, and sufficient proof by affidavit of the violation of the provisions of this act, by any person being temporarily within his jurisdiction but not residing therein, or by any person whose name and resi- dence are unknown, to issue his warrant and have such offender committed or held to bail to answer the charge against him; and any district court judge, justice of the peace, police, or other magistrate may, upon proof of prob- able cause to believe in the concealment of any game or fish mentioned in this act, during any of the prohibited periods, issue his search-warrant and cause search to be made in any house, market-boat, car, or other building, and for that end may Cause any apartment, chest, box, locker, or crate to be broken open and the contents examined. Any penalties, when collected, shall be paid by the court before which conviction shall be had, one half to the overseers of the poor, for the use of the poor of the town in which conviction APPENDIX. 273 is had, and the remainder to the prosecutor. On the non- payment of the penalty, the defendant shall be committed to the common jail of the county fora period of not less than five days, and at the rate of one day for each dollar of the amount of the judgment, where the sum is over five dollars inamount. Any court of special sessions in this State shall have jurisdiction to try and dispose of all and any of the of- fences arising in the same county against the provisions of this act ; and every justice of the peace shall have jurisdic- tion within his county of actions to recover any penalty here- by given or created. POSSESSION OF GAME PRIOR TO PROHIBITED PERIOD, SEc. 21. Any person proving that the birds, fish, skins, or animals found in his or her possession during the pro- hibited periods, were killed prior to such periods, or were killed in any place outside of the limits of this State, and that the law of such place did not prohibit such killing, shall be exempted from the penalties of this act. COMMON CARRIERS AND EXPRESS COMPANIES. SEC. 22. In all prosecutions under this act, it shall be competent for common carriers or express companies to show that the inhibited article in his or their possession came into such possession in another State, in which State the law did not prohibit such possession, and such showing shall be deemed a defence insuch prosecution. No action for a penalty under the provisions of this act shall be set- tled or compromised, except upon the payment into court of the full amount of such penalty, unless upon such terms and conditions as may be imposed by the district attorney of the county in which such action shall have been brought. 12 * R 274 APPENDIX. SUMMARY. THE following summary of the game-laws, with refer- ence to the killing of woodcock, partridges, quails, and deer in the States named, is copied from the statute-books of the respective States. The killing of the above-mentioned game is prohibited as follows : — Maine New Hampshire Woodcock. Not at all. Between Feb. Partridges. Not at all. Between Feb. Quails. Not at all. Between Feb. Deer. Between Jan. 15 and Sept. 1. Between Feb. 1 and July 1. | 1 and Sept. 1. | 1 and Sept. 1.| 1 and Aug. tr. Vermont Notat all. Notatall. | Notatall, |Between Jan. 1o and July 1. Miecsachneetts Between Mar.|Between Mar.| Retween Jan./Between Jan. Rhode Island Connecticut New York New Jersey Illinois Indiana Michigan Towa Ohio Wisconsin 1 and Sept. 15. Between Jan. rand July 4. Between Feb. 1 and July 4. Between Jan. 1 and Sept. 1. Between Jan. rand July 4 Between Jan. rand July tr. Not at all. Between Mar. rand July x. Between Jan. rand July 1. Between Feb. rand July 4. Between Dec. 1 and July 4. rand Sept. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Sept. 20. Between Feb. 1 and Sept. 1. Between Jan. rand Sept. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Nov. 1. Between Jan. rand Aug. 15. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 1. Between Feb. 1 and Sept. r. Between Dec. 15 & Sept. 12. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 15. Between Dec. 15 & Aug. 20. THE END. 1 and Sept. 1. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 1. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Oct. 20. Between Jan. 1 and Sept. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Aug. 15. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Oct. 1. Between Dec. 15 & Sept. 12. Between Feb. 1 and Oct. 15. Between Dec. 15 & Aug. 20. 1 and Aug. 1. Between Dec. 10 & July 31. Between Jan. 2 and Aug. 31. Between Jan. 1 and Aug. 15. Between Jan. 1 and Oct. 1. 'Between Jan. 15 and Sept. 1. Between Jan. 1 and Aug. 1. Between Jan. 15 and Aug. 1. fl WA iio |e ee Cambridge: Electrotyped and Printed by Welch, Bigelow, & Co. CaTALUGU'S OF BOOKS, PLAYS, GAMES, PUZZLES, PARLOR FIREWORKS, NOVELTIES, ETC., ETC., PUBLISHED BY feapey tours Company. No. 1 Chambers St., New York. Copies of anything in this catalogue sent free of Postage to any part of the United States, on receipt of Price. In ordering, be particular to give the full name, Post office, County and State, and write plain. Actor’s Art, The.—Its Requisites and how to obtain them, its Defects and how to remove them. Containing clear and full directions in every branch of the Art; with complete and valuable instructions for beginners, relative to rehearsals, entrances and exits, general hints on action, qualities of voice, etc., etc. In short, an indispensable book to the Amateur. Price, 15 Cents. 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Endless Amusement.—A-choice collection of Riddles, Charades. Enig- mas, Rebuses, Labyrinths, Decapitations, Puzzles. Anagrams, Conun- drums, Acrostics, Names of Places Enigmatically Expressed, etc., ete., with a hieroglyphic preface, and over one hundred illustrations. Price, 50 Cents. Every Boy his own Manufacturer.—Containing instructions in Car- pons Turning, Boat Building and Glass Blowing, with fullinstructions ow to make Steam Engines, Locomotive Engines, Electric Telegraphs, Steamboats, Dioramas, Clocks, Brackets, Telescopes, etc., etc. O- fusely lustrated. Five parts. Price, Hach Part, 25 Cents. Contents of Each Part. PART I.—Carpentry, 33 Illustrations. Turning in Wood and Ivory, 18 Illustra- tions. How to make a Steam Engine, 2 Illustrations. PART {fI.—How to make a Locomotive Engine, 18 Illustrations. How to make a Model Steamboat, 4 Illustrations. How to make a Steam Cylinder, 6 Illustrations. How to make a Cheap Rowing Boat, 5 Illustrations. PART III.—How to make Paddle Wheels for a small boat, 5 Illustrations. How to make a Screw Propeller for a small boat, 3 Illustrations. Howto make a Hydrau- lic Propeller for a small boat, 7 Illustrations. How to build a cheap Canoe, 5 Illustra- tions. How to make and work an Electric Telegraph, 6 Illustrations. How to make a cheap Vertical Drilling Machine, 2 Illustrations. How to make a Simple Galvanic Battery. How to make a Diorama, 2 Illustrations. How to make a Clock for twenty-five cents, 4 Illustrations. Home-make Brackets, 6 Illustrations. Hanging Portfolio, x Illustration. Parisian What-not, x Illustration. How to make Balloons. Gilding on Glass. PART IV.—How to make a Calcium Light, 2 Illustrations. Art of making Fireworks, 8 Illustrations. How to make a Magic Lantern, and paint the slides. How to make an Aquarium, 3 Illustrations. How to make an Achromatic Tele- scope, 2 Illustrations. Glass Blowing for Boys, 2 Illustrations. PART V.—Electrotyping—Electricity ; simple, cheap apparatus; Moulds; Solu- tions; to make a Medallion; Zinc; Copper ; Circuits ; Our Experiment ; Positive ; Negative; Action of the Acids; Various Batteries; Weights Deposited ; the Lead Tree; Quantity; Intensity; Arrangement of Cells; Uses of Electricity; Elastic Moulds ; Copying of Busts or Statuettes ; to prepare the Moulds; the Soluble Mould ; a Better Plan; a Case in plaster; a Cast in Wax; to prepare the Figure; the Cop- per Mould; divided Moulds; Electro Deposits for Natural Objects—zz [llustrations. Everybody’s Friend; or, The Universal Hand-Book; containing information on almost every subject: The Parlor Magician; Lady’s Guide to Beauty; Parlor Theatricals; A Grand Expose of Gambling ; Spiritualism Exposed; Proverbs and Salutations of all Nations; Poeti- cal Quotations ; Language of Flowers; Useful Recipes for the House- keeper; Rarey’s Secret of Horse Taming; How to make all kinds of Liquors without the use of poisonous articles. How to make all kinds of Powders, Rouges, Curling Fluids, Hair Dyes, etc., Historical Facts 5 Golden Maxims; Wit and Humor, etc., ete. Price, 25 Centse Good Books sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. Fireside Amusements.—An original collection of Anagrams, Enigmas, Charades, Conundrums, Puzzles, Rebuses, Fireside Amusements, and Games. This volume is an attempt to elevate the character of what has been termed the ‘“‘small shot” of literature; to introduce subjects of thought which may not only tempt the youthful mind to try its un- fledged wing, butrepay the effort. Fifty illustrations. Price, 50 Cents. French in a Fortnight, without a Master.—A royal road to a knowl- edge of the Parisian Tongue. In fifteen easy Lessons on Accent, Gram- mar and Pronunciation. Intended for the use of persons studying the language without a teacher. Price, 15 Cents. Fun For All; or, Dhae from the Elephant’s Trunk. Thirty large, comic Llustrations, and a great variety of Witty Sayings, Humorous Jokes, Queer and Laughable Yarns, etc., etc. Price, 15 Cents. Game of Cricket, The.—Out-door sports afford a large share of enjoy- ment to every boy and man of equable temper and healthy frame. Fresh air, good exercise, sharp practice for the eye and vigorous action for the muscles—these are the best and cheapest amusements; and amongst them cricket stands conspicuous. It is, without question, the most popular of English sports, and there is no reason why it should not become equally so in this country. This little work will be found to contain full and ena instructions in the game; also, How to Start and Conduct a Cricket Club. Nineillustrations. Frice, 15 Cents, Hand-Book of Elocution and Oratery.—Being a systematic compen- dium of the necessary rules for attaining proficiency in Reading and Speaking. Prepared with strict regard to practical utility, by a favor- ite English tragedienne. With copious and interesting examples. Price, 30 Cents. Hand-Book of Out-Door Games.—Out-Door Games are the best for boys—games that give freedom to the muscles, strength to the body, quickness to the eye, steadiness to the hand, and that call forth fore- thought and endurance. To play, we must first know how, and itis the business of the writer of this Hand-Book to point out, as clearly and as briefly as may be, some of the games which are good for out-door play, and some of the sports which can be practiced nowhere else. Among others will be found directions and rules for the following Games and Sports: Angling, Rowing, Skating, Croquet, Cricket, Football, Prisoner’s Base, Quoits, Skittles, Hurling, Rounders, Slings, Hop Scotch, Leap Frog, Battledore and Shuttlecock, etc., etc. Twenty illustrations. Price, 15 Cents. Holiday Guest, The.—A collection of Stories, Conjuring Tricks, Games, Tableaux, Amusements for winter evenings, Amusing Experi- ments, Card Tricks, Puzzles, Enigmas, Charades, Conundrums, eic., ete. Thirty-seven illustrations. Price, 10 Cents. Good Books sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. Horse Owner’s Companion (The); or, Hints on the Selection, Pur- chase, and General Management of the Horse. How to avoid Diseage and save’ Money, with many useful hints and cautions to be noted and remembered by purchasers. A complete Guide for the treatment of Horses in Health, and all Diseases to which that noblest of animals is heir. Price, 50 Cents. Horse Taming Without a Master.—To which is added a treatise on general management of the stable. Every person who keeps a horse should buy this book. Price, 15 Cents. How to Choose a Husband.—By the author of ‘‘ How to Choose a Wife.” There must of necessity be some similarity between ‘‘ How to Choose a Wife” and ‘‘ How to Choose a Husband,” owing to the close affinity of the two subjects ; but the author has avoided sameness as far as it could be done consistently with fidelity to his theme. Flirts and husband-seekers are warned to avoid the perusal of this book. Price, 15 Cents. How to Choose a Wife.—Perhaps there is hardly any other subject on which young men indulge so much innocent pleasantry and harm- less mirth, and yet there is scarcely another subject of so much impor- tance to them as the choice of a wife. If you would be happy in the lady of your choice, consult the pages of this little book. ° Price, 15 Cents. How We Managed Our Private Theatricals—In which will be found plain directions for the construction and arrangement of the Stage, painting the Scenery, getting up the Costumes, making the Properties and Accessories, Hints on Stage Effects, full and complete instructions for making Calcium Lights, etc., etc., with numerous illustrations and diagrams. To which is added ‘‘Penelope Anne,” a roaring farce for home performance. Prepared for the use of schools, private families, and dramatic clubs. Price, 25 Cents. Joe Miller, Jr.—Containing over two hundred Jokes, Comical Stories, Witty Sayings, Funny Puns, Laughable Conundrums, Humorous Poetry, etc., etc. Price, 10 Cents. Long Hand Shortened.—Plain rules for abbreviating and contracting, ag practiced by the old copyists and record writers, by which much time and material are saved. Now first reduced to rule. Easily acquired and practiced, and readily read. Most valuable to authors, clerks, clergymen, doctors, lawyers, merchants, students, etc. The practice of making notes is alike useful to the professional man and the man of business. It not only preserves a passage or thought for reference, but also impresses it better on the memory. Price, 15 Cents. Mispronunciation Corrected.—A List of Words which are commonly mispronounced or imperfectly articulated by educated persons. By Chas. W. Smith, Professor of Elocution, author of ‘‘Common Blun- ders,” ‘*Elocution Without a Master,” etc., etc. Price, 15 Cents. Good Books sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. —_——- lS Mother Goose’s Melodies.—Selected and arranged by m Uncle Sol mon, and illustrated by Cousin Hezekiah. 96 pues Muminiited Coven, Price, 15 Cents. Painter’s Hand-Book, The.—Containing full instructions for House and Ornamental Painting. Contains information on all coloring sub- stances, liquids with which colors are mixed, mixing and laying on colors, choice and distribution of same, recipes for colors, how to make a composition for rendering canvas, linen and cloth, durable, pliable and water-proof, etc., etc. Price, 25 Cents. Parlor Tableaux; or, Animated Pictures.—For the use of Families, Schools and Public exhibitions. Containing about eighty popular sub- jects, with plain and explicit directions for arranging the stage, dress- ing-rooms, lights, full descriptions of costumes, duties of stage man- ager, properties and scenery required, and all the necessary directions for getting them up, so that any one can act in them. Everything is stated in a plain, simple manner, s0 that it will be easily understood ; everything like style or unnecessary show has been avoided in order that all may readily grasp at the author’s meaning. For public or private entertainment, there is nothing which is so ine teresting and instructive as the tableaux. Price, 25 Cents, Shadow Pantomimes; or, Harlequin in the Shade—How to get them up and how to act in them; with full and concise instructions, and nu- merousillustrations. Also, fulland complete descriptions of properties and costumes. It has been the aim of the author to provide harmless home amusement for old and young, excluding everything cbjectionable to sound morality and good home-training. By Tony Denier, Panto- mimist, author of ‘‘Tony Denier’s Parlor Pantomimes,” ‘“Amateur’s Guide,” ete. Price, 25 Cents. Shakespeare Proverbs; or, The Wise Saws of our Wisest Poet. Col- lected into a modern instance, being nearly 1000 of the wisest and wit- tiest of Shakespeare’s sayings, gathered into a neat volume, suitable for the pocket. It has been thought that the wisest and wittiest of Shakes- peare’s sayings, collected into such a form as to be readily carried about in the pocket, would furnish the means of employing the otherwise idle half-hour that sometimes occurs in the life of the busiest person. Hence this little volume. Price, 25 Cents. _ Short-Hand Without a Master.—By which the art of taking down Sermons, Lectures, Trials, Speeches, etc., may be acquired in a few hours. Sixty-first edition, with a supplement. By the aid of this work any ano cee of the most ordinary intelligence may learn to write Short- hand. Students, Authors, Clergymen, Lawyers, everyoody should learn it because of its universal availability. Price, 25 Cents Stump Speaker, The.—Being a collection of Comic Speeches and Reci- tations, Burlesque Orations, Stump Speeches, Laughable Scenes, Hu- morous Lectures, Button-bursting Witticisms, Ridiculous Drolleries, #unny Stories, etc., etc., translated into the four modern languages— Yankee, Dutch, Irish and Ethiopian—for the convenience of the public at large. Price, 15 Cents. Books and Plays sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. Ventriloquism Made Easy, and The Second-Sight Mystery, As prac- ticed by Robert Heller and others, fully explained. In this little volume we place all the wonders of VENTRILOQUISM at the command of our young friends. Price, 15 Cents. Young Angler, The.—Containing instructions for preparing Rods, Lines, Reels, Hooks, Baits, etc. Also, How anpD WHERE TO rant to which is added How To PappLE A Boat. Six illustrations. Price, 10 Cents. THE ACTING DRAMA. PRICE 15 CENTS EACH. *,* The figure following the name of the play, indicates the number of acts. The figures in the columns indicate the number of characters—M., male; F female. a) Acts. M. F. Acts. M. F. 1 Single Life, Comedy........... Bi nse 2 The Boarding School, Farce...1.... 3 The Spitfire, Farce............. 4 The Irish Dragoon, Farce.....1.... : : | 10 A Private inquiry, Farce..... 1-54 af 6 2 1 65-93 5 The School for Tigers, aaah Real § 8 6 1 Dik 8 1 De 11 I’ll Tell your Wife, Farce..... oe 12 The Fast Family, Comedy....4...11 13 Antony and Cleopatra Mar- ried and Settled, Burletta...1....1 14 My Friend in the Straps, 6 Gabriellle de Belle Isle, Play.. 7 The Tipperary Legacy, Farce..1.... 8 Deeds of Dreadful Note, Farce.1.... 9 A Peculiar Position, Farce....1.... o nm aTbOhbd PARLOR PLAYS FOR HOME PERFORMANCE. PRICE 15 CENTS EACH. *,.* The figure following the name of the play, indicates the number of acts. The figures in the columns indicate the number of characters—M., male; F Semale. i Acts. M. F. Acts. M. F. 1 Aladdin and the Wonderful 17 Afloat and Ashore............3.. 3 3 IDET OY tom eoremmoeaconedpiocac 2....6 3 | 18 Tragedy Transmogrified...... Aa ee 2 The Loves of Little Bo-Peep LOM Arye Breaks te. ooo ere a) oe and Little Boy Blue.......... 7 ee 4_| 20 A Medical Man................ eee a) 3 Little Silver Hair and the 21 Harlequin Little Red Riding Three Bears c...teto oe see Ae Ao ae Hood, A Juvenile Panto- 4 Robin Hood; or, the Merry Pol Weed ne BAM eee tess ree elber! Men of Sherwood Forest..... 2...11 3 | 22 Fireside Diplomacy........... TE oo 5 Little Red Riding Hood...... 1....3 2 | 23 Ingomar, An awful warning..1...16 2 6 Phe Hrog Prince. ..)/22/.... ;-l....2 1 | 24 Money Makes the Man....... Uiteade 28 7 Blue Beard; or, Female Curi- 25 The Happy Dispatch, Japan- GET SN ARCO DED EOS a ee » a Seer - ese Opera Bouffe,............ ioe 8 Jack, the Giant Killer........ 1....4 3 | 26 An Eligible Situation......... b+683).6 9 Two Gentlemen at Mivart’s..1....2 0 | 27 The Pet Lamb................ Pe ey IO Dark De6Cdsisssecesocotseee. Secor 28 he asp Lily: 5: cases eee leet sk 11 Marry in Haste and Repent at 29 The Three Temptations...... Laws %ei2 MUCISUTC) a-ciweterietcccdee coene 3....3 3 | 30 Katharine and Petruchio, 12 Wearing of the Green........ asa oye Borrlesdue: +3 2t see Veo ao 13 The Result of a Nap.......... 3....3 2 31 His First Brief...... sete ee Ae 372 14 Monsieur Pierre....,.......... 3....2 3 | 32 The Girls of the Period..-..... Ao.a4a-8 * 15 Virtue Victorious............. 3....4 1 | 33 Matched but not Mated...... ery tral 16 Love, Burlesque.....,........ 3) e.a soviet eenelope Anne... ...dcasekk see Ieee I Plays sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. THE ETHIOPIAN DRAMA. PRICE 15 CENTS EACH. *,* The figure following the name of the play, indicates the number of scenes. The figures in the columns indicate the number of characters—M., male; F female. Female characters are always assumed by males in these plays. SCENES. M, F. 1 Robert Make-Airs........... Ere 9 3 2 °Box and Cox, i jessesee mee ce Psa 38 1 Sablazeppatn vache ncsceswecnsaee Dicine a 2 4 United States Mail........... 1 err 2 2 HiePMeWOOpers. 0. os sine ce science qe as 41 6 Old Dad’s Cabin....... ectatalp) ote soe 2 2 7 The Rival Lovers. |... s isc. Tes i £32 8 The Sham Doctor............ Sata 4 2 9 Folly Mallers) aoe asses ee sto | ee 2pm 10 Villikins and his Dinah......1..... beak 11 The Quack Doctor........... 1 Rae ae 41 12 The Mystic Spell............. Ee ey 7 0 13 The Black Statue............ 1 hae 4 2 TAMU NClO MCT tenant hanweee Dee ee 5 2 15 The Mischievous Nigger..... Wea 4 2 16 The Black Shoemaker,...... Linea 4 2 17 The Magic Penny............ ne See 6 1 18) The Wrecks 7. ee: csc le come 1 Leen 4 2 19 Oh Hush; or, The Virginny Cnapids)ccscce enews cee eae Missi A 20 The Portrait Painter........ I Bleeoi sha 21 The Hop of Fashion.......... re 9 3 22 "Rone Squash sk cee ss on: a ates Bie aos 9 3 23 The Virginia Mummy........ 1 is Gare 24 Thieves at the Mill.......... eee 4 2 25 Comedy of Errors... .......... 7 Lea 4 2 26 Les Miserablos............... Te 3 0 27 New Year’s Calls... .......... 1 ae oe 4 2 28 Troublesome Servant........ 1 eee 2 0 DONGTeATCATTIVAlS. come esc ceoans eee See) 30 "Rooms toWiet... 655 ies ae 1 Ey Soe 21 31 Black Crook Burlesque.,.... ee ie 2 s2uicketrlakert ah ese ee, 1 baa 5 0 Josey POCHONGrIaAc:...+-2..500e. i ea 2) 0 a4 SWalliamibells ase eee De oe 4 0 SO ROSE .D alerts oot een oe ile ae z thea | 36-Reast.:. eee. SO eS ews s ae. SISPEMIAM INDY Abie tee cs ose 1 ee Oa Soplacksithedad ..fcccs eos Groce Te S9tOthello see ee eee Dsveresae 4 1 40i@amillo=: .5.0.0se Oe ee tae Lek 41 INODOGY2S SON-i «cc eebeon ones iene 230 42 Sports on a Lark.,........... 1 eee StielD) 43 Actor and Singer............. 1 Vests 4 0 44gS PD VlOCKS scien iy s see eee Ay ccs 5 2 45 Quarrelsome Servants. . Pri bese ae 3 0 46 Haunted House.............. I hatte 2 0 47 No Cure, No Pay..... Ree... ees ee 48 Fighting for the Union...... 1 en (Le 49 Hamlet the Dainty.......... Tee. 6 1 50 Corsican Twins..........-...- Sie (eal 51 Deaf—in a Horn.............. 1 rea Ped 52 Challenge Dance............ o Hasisesry el D SCENEs, M. 53 De Trouble begins at Nine.1..... 2 54 Scenesat Gurney’s.......... i ar 3 55 16,000 Years Ago............. ES 3 56 Stage-struck Darkey........ Leases 2 5i Iblack Mian 2 jae er ss yin ie Dsaceg 3 58 Highest Price for Old Clothes Ht se ee 1 baie 3 59 Howls from the Owl Train..1...;. 2 60, Old: Hromiks ees. see eee 1 eA 3 61 The Three Black Smiths...1..... 3 62 Turkeysin Season........... 7 ese 3 GS Jubasnc: ie ee eee Ticats 5 64 A Night*vid Brudder Bones.1..... 4 65: Dixi@s (o.ccct cee pacers 3 66 Kano Outees scents colon ee 1 a 4 6 Old: ZipiCoon 52 eee a eae 3 68 Cooney in de Hollow........ eee 3 69 Forey OCS, skew oson tteasen Tea 2 70 ‘Galle’ Jake: ence ee eee Dae 2 7 De Coon ebunt.--2 eee coe Sioke 4 J T2 DOM Oates. cnae cece eee is Sambo's Returns... -ceee 74 Under de Kerosene......... 75 Mysterious Stranger........ 76 The Debbil and Dr. Faus- PWIN asic ve teteas tee eG ee 77 De Old Gum Game......... 78 Hunk’s Wedding Day...... 19 DeiOctoroonss seen ee ee 80 De Old Kentucky Home.... 81 Lucinda’s Wedding......... 82 Mum bor Jum. . ceeds seeence 83 De CrealesBall asa eee 84 Mishaps of Cesar Crum.... 85 Pete’s Luck f.c s.j7heeeeee oe 86 Pete and Ephraim.......... Si sube; Hawks... 52.2 eee 88 De Darkey’s Dream........ 89 Chris Johnson..............2 90 Scipio Africanus............ 91 De Ghost ob Bone Squash.. 92 De Darkey Tragedian...... 93 ePossura Hat... ene 94 Dat Same Old Coon.. 95 Popsy Dean.......... 96 De Rival Mokes...... 97UncleiMon. . vaca ceose BWW Hee eee erate Dee oo p 1 100 De Maid ob de Hunkpuneas.1..... 2 101 De Trail ob Blood........... Me shied 4 102 De Debbil and de Maiden..2..... 3 103 De Cream ob Tenors........ 5 Lee 2 ”? * F. tt) Q 0 1 Q 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 iL 5 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 0 1 2 1 i 0 1 1 0 1 3 0 ‘ Games and Puzzles sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. ———— oe PARLOR GAMES AND PUZZLES. Athenian Oracle (The); or, Divinations Secretes.—Divinations may (with the aid of these cards) be performed by any lady or gentleman, exciting wonder and amazement. Price, 15 Cents. Somical Changeable Characters.—TEN THOUSAND ComicaL TRANSFOR- MATIONS.—A most amusing pastime for long winter evenings. Affords amusement for the whole family. Composed of eight different figures, beautifully colored, each one divided into three separate parts. By transforming the different parts, an almost endless variety of charac- ters can be produced, many of which are very laughable. Price, 30 Cents. Courtship.—Curious Conversation Cards, Calculated to Contribute to the Curiosities of Courtship, being a new version of an old, but ‘“‘ oft- told tale.” Especially dedicated to the Boys and Girls of the Period. Price, 30 Cenis. Cupid’s Magic Cards.—These curious cards will make any person, showing them, reveal their greatest secrets. Thoy es detection, and cause great musement. rice, 30 Cents. Delphic Oracle (The); or, Secrets for All—A bushel of merry thoughts for mirthful moments. Price, 30 Cents. Happy Thoughts.—A game of Conversation and Original Thoughts, compiled by a Happy Man, in a Happy State, ona Happy Day. This game will be found highly amusing, and will invariably produce a pleas- ant, cheerful and sociable conversation. Price, 50 Cents. Harlequin in Slices.—The Puzzle of the Period. A mirth provoking, embarrassing, harassing, Cia a ae head-scratching, table-thump- ing puzzle. Beautifully colored. Price, 30 Cents. Ladies’ Prophetic Oracle, The.—A new species of Divination, where- by, without the aid of Necromancy, Incantation, or any other ‘‘ Black Art,” many interesting questions may be solved. Price, 30 Cents. Love’s Chain of Events; or, Laugh While you Can.—A new and amusing Round Game in questions and answers, drolly and laughingly illustrated. Interminable transformations of wit and humor. The most fascinating parlor game recently introduced. Price, 30 Cents. Marry My Thought.—An instructive and entertaining game for winter evenings. is interesting game is adapted for any number of players; and, in the family circle, will be found to afford a vast fund of amusement. Price, 50 Cents. Games and Puzzles sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. New Oriental Figure Puzzle, The.—An endless source of entertain- ment. By which the apparently impossible feat of producing represen- tations of grotesque human figures from a series of purely geometrical forms may be achieved in great and amusing variety. Price, 30 Cenis. One Puzzle to Puzzle One.—The most diverting, ingenious and diffi- cult problem of its kind ever yet designed. If one should have one hour to spare, P Of these triangles form one square. Price, 80 Cents. Puzzling and Round Game of ‘“‘ Wonders of Words.’’—For any num- ber of players, young middle-aged, and old. No household should be without it. Price, 15 Cents. @. Q. Q.—Qurious, Quaint, and Quizzical. The Chinese Oracle; a new pack of Fortune Telling Cards. Compiled by Ah Ling and Ching Choo, materially assisted by Lee Sing. Price, 30 Cents. Qualities and Consequences; or, Who’s Who, and What’s What?— The elucidation of vhich problem creates roars of laughter. An irre- sistibly humorous and social game for the home circle or an evening party. Price, 30 Cents Rhyme and Reason, A New Game for every Season.—By Miss Corner. This amusing Round Game is well calculated to excite laughter from the Indicrous replies given in the answers to the rhyming questions. ~ Price, 50 Cents. Siamese Puzzle, The.—A favorite amusement of the two kings of Siam, in ‘‘ye olden time.” Beautifully colored. Price, 30 Cents. Wishing Cards; or, The Secret Reveaicd.—Scintillations of Wit, short, crispy and pungent. An interesting game for all ages and seasons. Frice, 30 Cents. Novelties, &c., &., sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. NOVELTIES, &c., &e. Boys’ Photographic Cabinet, The—Endless amusement for Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter. With this Cabinet every boy is enabled to make a photographic copy, without extra expense, of his own or his friends’ Cartes-de-Visite, every description of Pictures, Engravings, Stereoscopic Slides, Designs, Ferns, Leaves, Flowers, ete., and affords endless, harmless and instructive amusement to every purchaser. This Cabinet contains Printing Frame, Negatives, Gold, Rilver, Toning and Fixing Baths, Albumen Paper, Filters, Stirring Rod, etc., etc. Also full instructions. Price, $2.00. Chemical Magic.—Firty INstRucTIVE AND AmusING CHEMICAL EXPER- IMENTS. A handsome case containing sixteen boxes, and vials filled with chemicals and properly labeled, a Test Glass, Test Tube, Glass Rod, and all other necessary apparatus; also, full and explicit instructions for performing each and all the fifty experiments. To persons who are interested in or wish to become familiar with the wonderful science of chemistry, this ‘‘Case of Chemical Magic” will be exceedingly valuable. Teachers and Students especially will appreciate its usefulness. More real practical knowledge of chemistry can be ob- tained in a few hours with these experiments, than by devoting your whole time for months to the study of the various books on the subject. The list of experiments embraces many Macicau Tricks, which, if per- formed in‘public or at an evening party, will produce a great sensation, and cause the spectators to look upon the performer with wonder and astonishment. Price, $1.00. Chinese Parlor Sights—These curious papers, after being slightly **crumpled” in the fingers, upon being ignited and thrown into the air, eee a beautiful shower of sparks, entirely free from smoke, and perfectly harmless. Ten in a pack. Price, Per Pack, 25 Cents. Divining Cards, The.—With which may be performed the apparently miraculous feat of naming an unknown photograph (that any one may secretly select), and causing its appearance in any part of the pack. The Cards include the following copyright photographs of celebrities : CYRUS W. FIELD, OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, MARK TWAIN, JOHN G. WHITTIER, EDWIN ForREST, CLARA LOUISA KELLOGG, JOHN BROUGHAM, ARTEMUS WARD, J. B. GouGH, GEORGE PEABCDY, EDWIN ADAMS, PAREPA ROSA, BRIGNOLI, BAYARD TAYLOR. PROF. MORSE, WALT. WHITMAN, JOSH BILLINGS, EDWIN Boots, ADELINA PATTI, JOSEPH JEFFERSON, CHAS. DICKENS, P. T, BARNUM, CHARLOTTE CUSHMAN, Mrs. Scorr SIDDONs, MAGGin MITCHELL, E. L. DAVENPORT, LESTER WALLACE, Mounted on tinted cards, with design in gold, by Owen Jones, with full and complete instructions. Price, $1.00. Dial Cyphergraph, The.—For Secret Correspondence and Private Telegrams. Messages are easily constructed, and wholly undeciphera- ble to any save the correspondents, an indefinite variation of ciphers being afforded. The most simple and effective Cyphergraph ever pub- lished. Price, 30 Cents. Novelties, &c., &c., sent by mail on receipt of prices annexed. Disappearing Pyramids, The.—An entirely new and wondrous decep- tion. The transposition of the large and small pyramids affords much wondrous amusement, and the trick may be performed by any one with- out the possibility of discovery. Price, $1.25. Drawing-Room Lightning.—Formed by treating a foreign paper with a secret chemical preparation. After slightly ‘‘crumpling” a piece in the fingers, a light is applied and the paper thrown in theair. The light is intensely brilliant, and appears and vanishes like a flash of lightning, not leaving the slightest residue. Ten ina pack. Price, Per Pack, 25 Cents. Egyptian Zairgeth, The—(A MYSTERY). Furnishes apophetic an- swers to any wish expressed. A great novelty, causing immense laugh- ter and amusement. The operator, by following the simple directions enclosed therewith, will be enabled to perform one of the most aston- ishing feats of modern times. Price, 30 Cents, Enchanted Frame, The.—By means of which, any album portrait may be instantly produced from a blank surface, and its immediate disap- pearance effected. An astonishing deception, defying mg 66 rice, $1.00. Enchanted Tea Chest, (The); or, The Hundred Wreaths of Perfume. —UNIQUE, PuzzLING AND ATTRACTIVE.—A Perfume Casket and difficult Puzzle combined. The Chest can be easily taken apart and put together by any one who knows how, but a person who had never seen it together, might work on it for hours without success. In addition to its being a very interesting puzzle, the Chest is used for burning the accompanying ribbons of fumigating paper, which fill the air with wreaths of delightful perfume. Price, 30 Cents. Iavisible Photographs.—The wonder of the age. A new process in photography, by which the sensitive albumen paper is so prepared that upon application of the blotting paper which accompanies each package, a beautiful and perfect photograph will instantly appear. Each pack contains material for five photographs, with full and explicit directions. Price, Per Pack, 25 Cents. e Japanese Curiosos.—‘‘ They create the greatest astonishment and per- plexity.” These mysterious productions have excited the wonder and interest of thousands. They have the appearance of being nothing but splinters of wood, but when placed on water they open and take the forms of men, women, flowers, birds, rabbits, fishes, boats, houses, and many objects unknown to us barbarians. The Curiosos are also known under the titles of “‘No Name,” and ‘‘ Oriental Mysteries.” Price, Per Pack, 25 Cents. “ae iin