Rs Jha ! Sr eta ee Ay: ya)! ad = ms ? ‘UDIES IN THE FAMILY ORCHIDACE- OAKES AMES A.M. SQN Saad Ceci RCT tes f S 4 ZG: : y Rea [= | pre iy =s » 154 % SS SS as E == Ay ON Be ye TN hi ee Soa — Sy NG ol | A A Fad, NEE BER y -| ip ce 1, paren 44 \lcaees rn = Nae ry vile 4 F oat) er : 4 ¥ 4 Is) a | ALAR * pe ; s ; : = 7 4 ORCHIDACEA IV RAKAMORO, 2 bt ANT Oy Boon ee, Aaah CARY RD Me iV a. " CAO a Ty crv iM ia, wee i rere oh a - ey Tar Mea Mo pe 1 Al ce ea ae gona Cees eae | . J % Pi ABE? ; . > fs ee Pe i ; , i Hee aN va key wy Bl hele rm? vracnt me) 4 c _* ° 7 My, N a » 4 A! eo re ant vue sae, at oer ORCHIDACEA ILLUSTRATIONS AND STUDIES OF THE FAMILY ORCHIDACE ISSUED FROM THE AMES BOTANICAL LABORATORY NORTH EASTON, MASSACHUSETTS THE GENUS HABENARIA IN NORTH AMERICA BY OAKES AMES DIRECTOR OF THE BOTANIC GARDEN OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY WITH TWENTY ETCHINGS BY BLANCHE AMES @ Fascicle IV LIBRARY NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN. BOSTON The Merrymount Press 1910 COPYRIGHT, 1910, BY OAKES AMES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PUBLISHED JUNE 20, 1910 D. B. UPDIKE, THE MERRYMOUNT PRESS, BOSTON THESE PAGES WHICH I HAD HOPED TO DEDICATE TO ALVAH AUGUSTUS EATON ARE NOW INSCRIBED TO HIS MEMORY S ° . ‘ i - i - r rawr oe e.¢ wee) ee td : Ltd 4, raw nak te Cee ae ee oe eee Ph WT RS } 4a ' . ‘ i at ‘ '‘ = re vel a ‘ *} PREFACE HE present work owes its origin to a long-felt need for a comprehensive treatise devoted to the genus Habenaria in North America. It was begun ten years ago in the form of a card catalogue devoted to every species native of the United States and Canada. As the work progressed the absolute neces- sity of an acquaintance with types became apparent, and in 1905 an effort was made to consult all the material that had a bear- ing on the subject. Visits were made to the foremost European herbaria, and loans secured of all the large collections in the United States. From my own herbarium a representative series of specimens was selected for comparison with type material, and from this series individuals were sought for which matched the types in detail. This method not only necessitated close scrutiny of every character, but rendered the specimen ultimately chosen excep- tionally valuable for future reference. In addition to descriptive notes and suggestive sketches, a clear photograph was made of specimens which promised to be of service in the preparation of a monograph. In this work I was assisted by R. G. Leavitt and A. A. Eaton. In the interpretation of species I have avoided the tendency of some botanists to recognize subspecies as worthy of specific rank. Many years of experience with cultivated orchids, during which slight variations in structure or color were assiduously sought for among thousands of individuals, has convinced me that caution should be exercised in the segregation of species, and that there is danger of rendering the whole structure of sys- tematic botany unwieldy by an inordinate multiplication of slightly differentiated species. Everyone who has paid close at- [ vii ] PREFACE tention to cultivated orchids must realize that while slight dis- tinctions are very serviceable for horticultural uses, they are im- practicable for the purposes of systematic botany. Undoubtedly many of these horticultural forms will breed true to type and thus act like species. But should they be given specific rank the orchid flora of the world would be increased tenfold. Several Habenarias are characterized by a strong tendency to produce variations. The temptation to recognize these variations as distinct species may be strong, but I think the best interests of the science are subserved by regarding them as the compo- nents of compound species. Slightly modified, the Linnzan con- ception of a species forms a convenient basis for systematic work. For economic purposes the subspecies is necessary. When it is propagated from pure cultures and carefully labelled, it is of undoubted value. The greatest difficulties in the present monograph were ex- perienced among recent segregates. In my treatment of these I may have reduced some which further studies of fresh material will reinstate, but at present they appear to be exceptional forms unworthy of specific rank. In several of these segregates the dis- tinguishing characteristics may be found in the flowers of one inflorescence, so that a single specimen will exhibit the floral peculiarities of two described species. Then again, the vegetative characters in the group to which Habenaria hyperborea and HZ. saccata belong are extremely variable and unsafe criteria for specific distinction. In 1904 I made special efforts to obtain in a fresh state, from several localities, large collections of H. hyperborea and H. dila- tata. The specimens were taken from different kinds of soil, from sunny and shady places, and the range of variation was re- presented as completely as possible. The conclusions based on [ viii ] PREFACE this material convinced me that it is futile to attempt to distin- guish centres of variation, or to recognize such species as Ha- benaria fragrans, Platanthera huronensis, and P. graminea. The influence of environment is too frequently ignored by those who pay special attention to slight deviations from the condition represented by the type. Habenaria hyperborea and H. dilatata, which were originally described from plants collected in northern localities, are extremely variable in their vegetative organs. From the characteristic dwarf state met with in the ex- treme northern part of the range, to the slender or robust tall state common southward, every gradation for a complete series may be found. This fact, in conjunction with the information offered by Gaston Bonnier, is very significant.1 Bonnier experi- mented with single individuals which he divided into two. One part of the original plant was grown on the Alps or Pyrenees, the other on low land. In a short time the alpine half assumed the familiar dwarf habit of alpine plants. For an example of the difference between the two halves of a plant treated in this man- ner, Helianthemum vulgare should be consulted in the illustra- tions of Bonnier’s paper. In the “Evolution of the Orchidacez,” in the Orchid Review (February, 1910), R. A. Rolfe treats the Habenaria group under two subtribes, namely, Gymnadeniez and Habenariez, the for- mer having one and the latter two distinct stigmas. He says that Platanthera and Gymnadenia are sometimes united with Ha- benaria, an arrangement which makes of Habenaria one great chaotic aggregate whose characters cannot be defined with any degree of precision. This statement leads to the conclusion that the characters on which the three genera depend for purposes of classification are not sufficiently clear to allow subgeneric 1 Ann. Sci. Nat., 7 Ser., t. 20. [ ix ] PREFACE characterization under Habenaria. This conclusion is palpably incorrect, as the basis on which systematists have relied who have upheld the disjunction of Habenaria is the distinctness of these characters. This basis hardly leads to chaos whether adopted or rejected, although it does not simplify classification, as I have attempted to show. The greater part of the type material of North American Ha- benaria species is to be found in European herbaria. Fortunately the specimens are usually well preserved and serviceable for the purposes of monographic work. The authors of early botanical books, however, were not always precise in designating the ex- act specimens which formed the basis of their conclusions, so that in many cases it is not possible to discover what may be the type. As a rule their collections do not contain many repre- sentatives of a species, and then it is a simple matter to arrive at a decision by a process of elimination. Notwithstanding the extensive correspondence of Linnzus and the number of con- tributors to his herbarium, it is noteworthy that the few species of North American Habenarias which he possessed are with one or two exceptions represented by a single example. For the student of the native species of the United States the herbaria of the British Museum of Natural History and of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew contain rich collections of cri- tical specimens. But both of these herbaria lack extensive series of the forms of a given species. Of the oldest collections containing American Habenarias those of Gronovius and Walter, preserved in the British Mu- seum, are of special interest. The latter, which is bound in book form, contains only a few specimens of critical value. Of more modern collections Lindley’s occupies a unique po- sition. Here again the different species are represented by only [x ] PREFACE a few specimens, and it is comparatively easy to pick out the types or individuals of importance. Lindley’s practice of draw- ing the flowers on his mounting-paper constitutes a great aid in the examination of his types, but unfortunately many of his in- terpretations are faulty and should never be final. A glaring ex- ample of this is the drawing on the type sheet of Habenaria novemfida, to which I have referred under H. diffusa. In this case Lindley drew and described petals as trifid which subsequent examination by Dr. Prain proved to be bifid. American herbaria are indispensable in any serious work on Habenaria, and among these the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University is of incomparable value. In this collection there are numerous types, cotypes, and duplicates of type numbers. The collections in the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris are of special worth in a study of Mexican species, particularly those described by Richard in the Annals de Science Naturelle. Richard prepared careful drawings of many of his new species, and of these the greater part has been reproduced in this work. The almost total neglect of Richard’s types by subsequent au- thors is inexplicable, and to American botanists the placid dis- regard of his material by Europeans must prove an unending source of surprise. In the following monograph I have attempted to assemble all the known species of Habenaria which have been attributed to North America. In almost every case I have included the ori- ginal descriptions. The arrangement of the species tends to show their affinities, although clearness has not been sacrificed in favor of a purely natural sequence. Special attention has been given to bibliography and geogra- phical distribution. These are of importance in showing the ex- tent of the investigations from which conclusions have been [ xi ] PREFACE drawn and in a measure present original data. Although the part devoted to geographical distribution may be thought unneces- sarily full it is of value from two points of view,—it shows the actual distribution of the species as represented by the great herbaria of the country, and serves as a guide to the material on which the monograph depends. The names of the species are not mere transcripts from herbarium labels, but are the result of an actual identification of the specimens cited. In many cases where these were poorly preserved a flower was soaked off for critical examination. Otherwise identifications were made by careful comparisons with type or authentic material, and are reasonably correct. Although great care has been exercised in copying geographical data from labels, it has proved an extremely difficult task to verify the spelling or exact location of obscure towns, rivers, lakes and mountains, and errors in the geographi- cal lists may have arisen through this difficulty or through un- decipherable writing. It has not proved practicable to compare the proof with the labels, and herein may lie another source of error in spelling and in citation of numbers. The illustrations have been prepared with careful attention to accuracy and the floral parts drawn with the aid of the ca- mera lucida. With few exceptions those species have been chosen for illustration which have never been figured before, and in almost every case type or authentic material has been used. In conjunction with the key and the original descriptions the illustrations form the most useful part of the work, and should remove many of the difficulties which attend the identification of obscure or variable species. Nomenclatorial problems have been troublesome, although not to such an extent as is experienced in other groups of the Orchidacez. Absolute priority is a rational basis from which to [ xii | PREFACE proceed, but it presents numerous difficulties and creates doubts and uncertainty. It gives too much weight to unscientific work. One is never sure of finality. It necessitates researches not only in the literature devoted to the genus under consideration and to allied genera, but even in that devoted to distinct families. When priority sanctions the reinstatement of the name ofa genus which has been lost sight of for years because it was originally referred to the wrong family, it not only calls for a close scrutiny of all systematic literature, but demands an examination of the type material of every obscure or insufficiently characterized genus and species. Prolonged effort may ultimately do away with the confusion which the laws based on priority are sure to cause in the beginning, but it is doubtful if the end warrants the means. If priority is absolute it places a burden on the systematist which must in the end render him indifferent to nomenclature. In the first place actual dates of publication must be known, otherwise priority becomes a misnomer. There are rules which we may follow when in doubt regarding the date of publication of a work, but these rules are arbitrary and useless if accident or other means discover that the date on a title-page is misleading or incorrect. This difficulty is not confined to the older litera- ture of botany. Krianzlin’s Orchidacearum Genera et Species, for example, bears 1901 on the title-page of the first volume as date of publication. Yet the parts of this volume were issued in 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900, and 1901. If the original covers of the parts are not available Krinzlin’s work would be useless in fixing pri- ority of publication. In my copy of Dr. Krinzlin’s work the six- teenth fascicle, which contains the title-page and preface, is dated 1897 on the original cover. This fascicle appeared in 1901. Then again botanical periodicals, the parts of which appear monthly, are often inconclusive in settling dates of publication, as a part [ xiii ] wens Pe id) ebay. fbb 3 t “i His A ~. i A mney ;, E te) an \tos ' ’ i iM ie } Bn ee re ee eve Pant « Wt £6 " Kp beaiy sty) eA a AE GR t ~ ali: eke gene awe ws t bh ie me ye aus 7 iM t ’ wy? ‘ sf +A ep gy , , ’ Mt ‘ v 5 a , ’ | y ‘ é he ¢ 14] ‘ t ‘ he (evade ¥ ’ ‘ ‘ » 4aGe Pi (eo At hea ite nits rv mR hy aT Visi am ‘ ei \ pose Pee Gea ; 4 ed ie GAT A un poe a | wv - 5 Wa ee 4 vy tges mal. Me eMvare 7, ‘ ety wen aie is yer? wot. area a Wd ASRS pee ’ jm rupees, Heaven ' yor CA Sy Lee | wind ‘ rr anyet j , Th i ' y iol . ehay Uae . LP) iY ; pave Tp eet Mt ee Ra dry dhs cron) 4A Cae Hix aE le — CP OnE 7 — i Pi vi Me IEW Ped) ite RU aN ORCHIDACE: THE GENUS HABENARIA IN NORTH AMERICA INTRODUCTION HE genus Habenaria has undergone a series of changes at the hands of those botanists who have given it special at- tention until at the present time it is an arduous task to com- prehend its rational limits. No two systematists agree in their revisions; and while some have considered the treatment in Bentham and Hooker’s Genera Plantarum too broad, includ- ing as it does the recognized groups of many authors under one general heading, namely, Habenaria, others have not been con- tent to reéstablish as genera such subgeneric groups as Gymna- denia, Platanthera, Peristylus and Coeloglossum, but have made segregates from several of them. Although there may be excellent reasons both for and against the maintenance of Habenaria in the sense in which it was understood by the authors ofthe Genera Plantarum, the weight of authority seems to uphold the broader view. So eminent a student ofthe Orchidacez as Lindley ex- pressed grave doubts as to the validity of the characters on which he admitted as distinct groups Gymnadenia and Peristylus in his Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. In fact it is usually with apologies, doubts, or detailed explanations that au- thors accept the smaller groups which have been at one time or another put into or removed from Habenaria. It is futile to discuss what are sufficient characters on which to construct a genus, as personal opinion is largely influential and [3] ORCHIDACEH as systematists are not in absolute agreement. While a concur- rence of opinion may be found in regard to several particular gen- era, a variance of opinion will exist as to others. Each systematist is likely to attribute to some character a value which his associates fail to recognize. Abstractly there seems to be general agreement among botanists as to the value of classificatory groups, although they differ so considerably in the application of their rules. In his discussion of the classifications used by botanists and zo06- logists Herbert Spencer has said that “when aggregating the smallest groups into larger groups and these into groups still larger, they have adopted certain general terms expressive of the successively more comprehensive divisions; and the habitual use of these terms, needful for purposes of convenience, has lead to the tacit assumption that they answer to actualities in Nature. It has been taken for granted that species, genera, orders, and classes, are assemblages of definite values—that every genus is the equivalent of every other genus in respect of its degree of distinctness; and that orders are separated by lines of demarca- tion which are as broad in one place as another. Though this conviction is not a formulated one, the disputes continually oc- curring among naturalists on the questions, whether such and such organisms are specifically or generically distinct,and whether this or that peculiarity is or is not of ordinal importance, imply that the conviction is entertained even where not avowed.”! Fur- thermore, the same author says that “it is a wholly gratuitous assumption that organisms admit of being placed in groups of equivalent values.” And according to the present status of sys- tematic botany this is undoubtedly true, and necessarily so, as the same viewpoint can scarcely be held in regard to all classes of organisms, and as characters which in one family or tribe 1 The Principles of Biology. [ 4 ] ORCHIDACEA would appear of generic value would hardly appear so in another. Characters which are to serve for generic distinction are not infrequently chosen with total disregard of specific forms through- out a wide range, and this is most likely to take place in the segregations made from amphigean genera which comprise nu- merous polymorphic species. In a localized flora made up in great part of vagrants which have become introduced into a country from distant, geographically distinct regions, those systematists who lack opportunity to study in large herbaria where general and fairly complete representations are to be had of the flora of adjacent territory, and who confine themselves to the plants of special geographical regions, are inclined to establish genera on characters which a broad knowledge of a given group would clearly show were scarcely of generic weight. In southern Florida, for example, we find a remarkable or- chid flora largely made up of West Indian immigrants. Here the genus Epidendrum is represented by about ten species, be- longing to at least six very distinct sections as follows: Epicla- dium, Encyclium, Hormidium, Osmophytum, Amphiglottium, and Euepidendrum. With their few representatives these sec- tions might well be regarded as distinct genera,' and would ap- pear as six very natural groups if no other species outside of Florida were known. Here too a noteworthy occurrence would perhaps justify a still broader treatment, as the single species representing in Florida the section Osmophytum has three well developed anthers and is unknown in its normal state in this re- gion. If the components of this triandrous race were recognized, on the basis of the gyncecium, as constituting a distinct genus, we would then have a species which had changed its generic or even its tribal character, while its specific characters remained 1 Hormidium is so recognized. Pe ORCHIDACEA unaltered.! In other words it would differ only from its West Indian congener in respect to the anthers. That this aberration should be maintained as a variety” is clear evidence that in the interpretation of structural deviations, natural affinities when they are clear and self-evident are not to be strained. The Habenarias of Florida on the other hand are few. Those species which belong to the Ophrydinz-Habenariex of Pfitzer form two fairly distinct sections. One of these sections is repre- sented by a single species, namely, Habenaria odontopetala which was originally described as a native of Mexico and which is also known to inhabit the West Indies. This species has been placed in a new genus, described by Dr. J. K. Small as Habenella, and characterized by structural peculiarities of the flower. It is but one species of a small American group, nearly related to Habe- naria strictissima and H. eustachya, and differs from other Flori- dian Habenarias in little else except the unappendaged petals and undivided labellum; yet its affinity with those species which have divided petals and a three-parted lip is very evident, as at the base both petals and lip have rudimentary processes. In striking contrast to the treatment of the genus Habenaria which allows the segregation of Habenaria odontopetala we have Sir J. D. Hooker’s in the Flora of British India. “1 ac- cept Bentham’s view,” he writes, “that the genera which he has brought under it [Habenaria] cannot be separated from one another by natural or artificial characters. To these Herminium should be added, were it not for the consequent disturbance of much nomenclature and the multiplication of synonyms; and so should also be Diplomeris and Hemipilia, which, though they have recognizable differential characters, these are of less impor- 1 See T. H. Morgan, Evolution and Adaptation, p. 90. In a recent publication this anomalous Epidendrum has been raised to specific rank. [ 6 ] ORCHIDACEAE tance than those of the four last sections here adopted” (namely, Plectoglossa, Diphylax, Diphyla and Dithrix). Almost of the same opinion are King and Pantling, who in the Orchids of the Sikkim-Himalaya give the following note in which they refer to Habenaria as— “A genus which should certainly be reduced to the older Linnean genus Herminium were it not for the upsetting of synonymy which this would involve. The older genus consists of about 13 species. Habenaria contains about 400! Moreover the distinctions between Habenaria and Orchis are also mostly arbitrary; and were mere consistency the only object, Orchis (a genus of Tournefort) would swallow up not only Herminium and Habenaria, but also Diplomeris and Hemipilia.” Cogniaux has supported in his work on the orchids of Brazil! the view taken by Bentham, as is indicated by the very full synonymy which he gives under Habenaria, and is at variance with the system adopted by Pfitzer in Engler and Prantl’s Die natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilen. Pfitzer, not only admits such genera as Coeloglossum, Gymnadenia, Platanthera and Peru- laria, but separates these from Habenaria, and places them in a separate section, the reason for the division depending mainly on the development of the stigmas. We might expect to find in Lindley’s work a rational inter- pretation of the Habenariez, as his prolonged study of the orchid family must have placed him on intimate terms with a large number of species. According to the views expressed by him in his Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants he was of the opinion that Habenaria as generally understood included several clearly marked genera. We find him arguing in a circle, however, and must conclude that he was by no means confident lIn Marti Fl. Bras. [7] ORCHIDACE in his deductions. Under Platanthera he wrote, in reference to the recognition by Robert Brown of a section based on the anthers: “The genus has to depend upon another distinction, to which I can discover no exception, namely, to the absence of the fleshy processes of the lower lip of the stigma. Otherwise Platanthera is the same as Habenaria.” Yet in his discussion of Gymnadenia we find the following, which in conjunction with his remarks on Platanthera is of more than casual interest: “It is scarcely possible to find any very precise limits between this genus and Platanthera. ... Even the stigmatic processes of Ha- benaria and its allies are to be remarked in almost every species of Gymnadenia; only in most cases in adhesion with the stigma itself.” If we examine the distribution of species among the sev- eral genera Lindley admitted in his work, we shall find incon- sistencies, the most astonishing being those where he places the same species in two genera. The difficulties under which he worked may excuse such slips, but at the same time it is quite pardonable to use this example to illustrate the dangers into which fine distinctions may lead, and as an argument against segregation of genera based on trivial or obscure characters. Among the subgenera of Habenaria which have the best claims for recognition, if we are to rely on the authority of Lindley, Pfitzer and Krinzlin, Gymnadenia, Platanthera, Peri- stylus and Cceloglossum occupy an important place. If we study these genera, not as convenient categories, but as systematic groups and examine carefully the species distributed among them, the first incongruous discovery will be the lack of agree- ment as to what species they should contain. This diversity is of a nature to discourage any effort to uphold a single one of these 1It is of interest to note that Kranzlin refers to the synonyms of Platanthera fuscescens the following species which Lindley regarded distinct from each other: Platanthera her- biola, Peristylus virescens, Perularia flava. 8 | ORCHIDACEA genera. While Lindley, Pfitzer and Kranzlin agree that Gym- nadenia and Platanthera should be upheld, these authors are not in accord as to many of the species which should be referred to them! The species which Lindley included in Coeloglossum, Kranzlin places in Peristylus, Platanthera and Euhabenaria. He also refers to Orchis, Peristylus and Platanthera, species included by Lind- ley in Gymnadenia. Pfitzer, on the other hand, throws Peristy- lus into Platanthera. Habenaria viridis is placed in Peristylus by Lindley, in Platanthera by Krinzlin, and in Coeloglossum by Pfitzer. Pfitzer gives Coeloglossum as a monotypic genus, Lind- ley placed five species in it, and Krinzlin abandoned it altogether in his Orchidacearum Genera et Species. Pfitzer upholds Peru- laria, Krinzlin reduces it to Platanthera. Numerous similar ex- amples of disagreement could be cited to show the slender claim for recognition of Gymnadenia, Platanthera, Peristylus and Cceloglossum. It is at least reasonable to assume that genera which are so poorly differentiated that the same species may be referred to several of them by careful students of the orchid family are scarcely tenable in a rational and convenient system of classification. We are indebted for the most recent revision of a part of the genus Habenaria as represented in North America north of Mexico to Dr. P. A. Rydberg of the New York Botanical Gar- dens. Dr. Rydberg has gone farther than any other author of modern times in the splitting up of the genus, and has given us several new segregate genera. He is not at all in sympathy with the conservatism of Bentham and Hooker, Torrey, Gray, Co- gniaux and others, and is much opposed to the maintenance of large groups which in any way may be divided. An illustration of what I mean may be obtained from Britton’s Manual of the [9] ORCHIDACE Flora of the Northern States and Canada, for which Dr. Ryd- berg prepared a revision of the Orchidacez. In this work eigh- teen species are admitted which were formerly included by Gray, and Britton and Brown, in the genus Habenaria. Dr. Rydberg has distributed these species among seven genera, of which three by him are newly established. The characters on which he relies for the distinctiveness of these genera are not clearly drawn, so that it is difficult to discuss their claim for recognition, and in his key he makes use of differences which would seem to be rather specific than generic. Perfect agreement as to the final treatment of Habenaria is hardly to be expected, but it is a fair question to ask if the rea- sons whichinfluenced Bentham, Gray and Torrey are not as valid to-day as they were thirty years ago, and if, on the whole, they were not pretty good reasons. Furthermore, it is fair to ask if the host of species described since 1840 has thrown new light on the subject which makes invalid the reasoning of Bentham in the Journal of the Linnean Society. With regard to Bentham’s ar- gument it may be said that nothing so convincing has been put forth by those botanists who have disagreed with him. The following from Bentham’s notes on orchids will show clearly the basis for the treatment of Habenaria in the Genera Plantarum. “« Habenaria, Willd., is now a vast cosmopolitan, and in many respects polymorphous, genus, of which there are about three hundred and fifty species in the Kew herbarium, and perhaps fifty more, already published, are not there represented. The dif- ferences observed in the anther-cells, in the stigma, and in va- rious appendages to parts of the flower are so great that numer- ous attempts have been made to dismember it; but the single characters assigned have all proved either so variable from spe- [ 10 ] ORCHIDACEA cies to species, or so little in accordance with any other dis- tinction, that I feel compelled to reunite the proposed genera after the example of A. Gray and some other recent botanists, although I cannot go so far as to agree with Grenier and Go- dron in uniting the whole genus with Orchis. As it is, I have had to record no less than twenty-eight generic synonyms; and in proposing to distribute the species into the following ten sec- tions I cannot but feel considerable doubts as to the definite- ness of the characters assigned to some of them, these charac- ters being often very difficult to ascertain in dried specimens, the only ones I have had to work upon.” Of the ten sections mentioned above, nine and ten are repre- sented by Platanthera and Habenaria. Of these sections Ben- tham says: “ Platanthera and Habenaria proper, comprise the great mass of the genus which most botanists consider as being susceptible of distribution into two great groups; but the vari- ous characters assigned have broken down in detail, and it would require a much longer study than I have been able to give to them, especially from dried specimens, to ascertain the real value of several apparent distinctions. It would appear, however, that Platanthera might be made to include the great majority of northern temperate species with the lateral processes of the stigmatic apparatus rarely much developed; and the more tropi- cal species, with these processes usually, but variously, extended, would form the section EHwhabenaria, the flowers in the former usually smaller than in the latter.”? The species of Habenaria which constitute a very distinct part of the orchid flora of North America are surprisingly few in relation to the territory over which they are distributed. With 1 For this and the preceding quotation see Bentham, ‘‘ Notes on Orchidee,” Journ. Linn. Soc. 18: 353-355. [1] ORCHIDACE several exceptions they are very clearly differentiated, and as to their specific characters offer no perplexing problems. The spe- cies in the western United States which Dr. Rydberg referred to Piperia have been variously treated, so that at present several are recognized which in my studies I have not considered speci- fically distinct. In Mexico the small group composed of H. cly- peata, H. lactiflora, H. Schaffneri, H. jaliscana, and a few others, is perplexing and later may be regarded very differently as more material helps to clarify obscure relationships. That these species are puzzling will be keenly felt by any student who attempts to distinguish them by means of an analytical key. Almost every character which at first appears to differentiate them will be found occurring sporadically here and there in individuals of several of the other species. The relation borne to the middle lobe by the lateral lobes of the trifid labellum would have to be relied on to some extent, though it is not at all constant. Yet it is inconceivable that any serious student would combine these species as variants of one polymorphic species. Up to the time of his death Mr. A. A. Eaton rendered valu- able assistance toward the construction of this monograph and devoted his attention to the bibliography and to the distribution of the species. His notes are incorporated in the body of the work and may be distinguished by the initial letters of his name. His examination of the specimens preserved at Paris, which were described so inadequately by Richard, proved a vast help in the interpretation of obscure Mexican species. During his work at the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris he obtained clear photographs of all the Habenarias collected by Galeotti, and identified our specimens by careful comparisons with the types. Through the kindness of Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, Mr. Eaton and I were enabled to compare our material with the [ 12 ] ORCHIDACE specimens in the Kew Herbarium, where we settled many of the perplexing questions relating to the species included in Lindley’s Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. In the citation of specimens the numbers in parentheses after each locality indicate the herbaria in which the material was found. The following is a list of the herbaria loaned to me or which have been consulted, with the numbers used to designate them in the lists of distribution. Author’s Herbarium 1 United States National Herbarium 2 Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 3 Herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden 4 Biltmore Herbarium 5 Herbarium of the Geological Survey Department, Canada 6 Pringle Herbarium (University of Vermont) 7 Herbarium of the University of Tennessee 8 Herbarium of the San Francisco Academy of Science 9 Herbarium of Parke Davis and Company 10 Herbarium of O. A. Farwell 11 Herbarium of the Geological Survey of Alabama 12 Elliott Herbarium 13 Herbarium of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute 14 Herbarium of S. B. Parish 15 Herbarium of the College of Pharmacy, New York 16 Herbarium of Leland J. Spalding a Herbarium of H. D. House 18 Herbarium of the British Museum of Natural History 19 Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 20 Herbarium of the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris oi Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden . wo Xo) [ 13 ] ORCHIDACE ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SPECIES FOUND IN MEXICO BY GALEOTTI These illustrations were originally prepared by A. Richard. They are here reproduced from photographs, permission to use them having been given by the director of the Muséum d’His- toire Naturelle de Paris. The general outline and critical details have been copied with extreme care. To make the copies as ac- curate as possible no attempt was made to reverse some of the drawings on the etched plates, consequently the flowers in the prints face in the opposite direction from the originals. Had they been so constructed that they would face in the same direction, the details, shading, etc., would have been reversed during transference to the copper plates and the likelihood of error in- tensified. No attempt has been made to secure facsimile repro- ductions from the original drawings. [ 14 ] KEY TO THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF HABENARIA! I. Plants essentially northern in their distribution. Stigmatic processes wanting or much reduced and inconspicuous (cf. H. clavellata, H. integra, H. nivea). Petals simple, not bipartite. Labellum never divided into three filamentous or linear divisions. In this section belong Gymnadenia, Perularia, Piperia, Lim- norchis and Ccoeloglossum, often recognized as distinct genera. * Labellum not fringed, if crenate not tripartite (cf. H. peramena) + Stem usually leafy. Leaves not basal, or if basal linear (cf. H. nivea) Lip 2-3-toothed or lobed at the apex, not hastate, flowers greenish Spur shorter than the lip 1. H. viridis var. bracteata Spur longer than the lip 2. H. clavellata Lip 3-lobed or trifid, flowers white 3. H. albida Lip hastate with a tubercle at base, flowers green 4. H. flava Lip crenate on the margin, flowers yellow 5. H. integra Lip narrowly oblong, flowers white 6. H. nivea Lip rhombic-lanceolate, dilated at base, acu- minate, flowers white or yellowish green Spur about equalling the lip 7. H. dilatata var. media Spur longer than the lip var. leucostachys Lip lanceolate, not conspicuously dilated at base, flowers greenish,’ spur not con- 1In strict accordance with priority Satyrium would become the valid name for this genus. I have not adopted it, as to do so would be an indirect violation of the spirit of the Vienna Rules. Harms’s List retains Platanthera, which is clearly referable to Satyrium. 2 H. hyperborea passes by insensible gradations into the section characterized by a linear labellum. The key is based on normal conditions of the flower. In H. hyperborea the flow- ers are usually in a dense cylindrical spicate raceme. In H. saccata and H. sparsiflora the flowers are in an elongated, slender raceme. [ 15 ] ORCHIDACEA spicuously longer than the labellum (cf. HI. volcanica) ’ 8. H. hyperborea var. purpurascens Lip lanceolate,spur stout,longer thanthelip 9. H. behringiana Lip linear or nearly so, dilated or lanceolate in H. volcanica which has an elongated filiform spur Spur saccate, shorter than the lip 10. H. saccata Spur about equalling the lip or slightly longer 11. H. Richardi 12. H. Ghiesbreghtiana 13. H. nubigena 14. H. sparsiflora Spur much longer than the lip Leaves reduced 15. H. brevifolia Leaves elongated 16. H. volcanica 17. H. limosa ++Leaves basal, rarely more than two, soon withering in 18 and 19 {] Leaves twice as long as broad or longer, oblong or oblanceolate, never linear or grasslike Spur more than twice as long as the lip 18. H. elegans var. maritima Spur about equalling the lip 19. H. unalascensis ~ 20. H. obtusata {J Leaves rarely twice as long as broad, often orbicular Lip oblong, longer than the spur 21. H. Chorisiana Lip lanceolate, acute 22. H. Hookeri Lip oblong-ligulate Spur 1.5-2 cm. long 23. H. orbiculata Spur 3-4 cm. long 24. H. macrophylla [ 16 ] ORCHIDACE ** Labellum fringed, but not tripartite (here hy- brids may be looked for) Flowers yellow Spur 5-9 mm. long 25. H. cristata Spur 2-2.5 cm. long 26. H. ciliaris Flowers white 27. H. blephariglottis var. conspicua *** Tabellum fringed, tripartite (here hybrids may be looked for) Flowers greenish or whitish Petals entire or obscurely crenulate © 28. H. lacera Petals toothed or crenate 29. H. leucophea Flowers pale or deep magenta 30. H. psycodes 31. H. fimbriata 32. H. peramena II. Plants essentially tropical or subtropical. Stigmatic processes well developed, conspicuous.’ Petals often bipartite. Labellum usually broken up into three dinear divisions. The majority of the species are Mexican and West Indian. *Labellum clearly tripartite, the divisions filiform or linear + Petals bipartite, the posterior division broader than the anterior one { Leaves basal 33. H. distans 34. H. jamaicensis 35. H. Tiirckheimiu {{ Leaves not essentially basal, usually with parallel sides, oblong to linear, clearly longer than broad Flowers few, not more than 4, rarely 5 36. H. setifera 37. H. mesodactyla Flowers comparatively numerous, more than 4 1Cf. plate of Habenaria quinqueseta. [17 | ORCHIDACEZ Spur not exceeding 2 cm. in length Middle division of the labellum longer than the laterals 38. H. Leprieuri Divisions of the labellum subequal 39. H. Cruegeri 40. H. repens Spur exceeding 2 cm. in length Lateral sepals about 2 cm. in length 41. H. Pringlet Lateral sepals less than 2 cm. in length 42. H. bicornis {1 Leaves not essentially basal, ovate to lance- olate, not much longer than broad, not ob- long in the sense of having parallel sides + Petals bipartite Spur usually exceeding 10 cm. in length, about 8 cm. long in the variety 43. H. macroceratitis var. brevicalcarata Spur not exceeding 10 cm. in length, not less than 4 cm. long 44. H. luceecapensis 45. H. quinqueseta 46. H. oreophila Spur not exceeding 4 cm. in length Stems maculate 47. H. monorrhiza Stems not maculate Divisions of the labellum glan- dulose or minutely denti- culate 48. H. crassicornis Divisions of the labellum com- paratively smooth, not denticulate [ 18 ] ORCHIDACEA Anteriordivision of the petals longer than the posterior 49. H. Schaffneri 50. H. lactiflora var. buccalis 51. H. clypeata 52. H. entomantha 53. H. jaliscana 54. H. diffusa Anterior division of the petals shorter than the posterior division or subequal to it Raceme lax 55. H. flexuosa 56. H. felipensis Raceme dense 57. H. guadalajarana ++ Petals simple, subauriculate on anterior basal angle 58. H. subauriculata [ H. virens*| ** Labellum simple, or merely lobed or toothed, the lateral lobes, if any, never filiform or linear except in H. virens + Petals bipartite 59. H. orizabensis ++ Petals simple or merely angled, or toothed on the anterior basal angle or at the summit Labellum rounded at base, not toothed or angled Spur slender 60. H. stricta 61. H. eustachya Spur inflated 62. H. troyana 1 H. virens, which has a trifid labellum, may be looked for here. It belongs, however, with H. odontopetaia and its allies. [ 19 | ORCHIDACE Labellum angled or toothed at the base or near the middle Leaves linear to linear-oblong 63. H. replicata 64. H. triptera Leaves oblong-lanceolate Petals cuneate, truncate, not toothed on the anterior ba- sal angle 65. H. petalodes Petals oblong, not toothed on the anterior basal angle 66. H. Selerorum 67. H. brevilabiata Petals subquadrate, the ante- rior basal angle protuber- ant or toothed 68. H. odontopetala 69. H. Purdiei Petals ligulate, anterior basal angle protuberant 70. H. Ocrstediz Petals spathulate 71. H. virens Petals rotundate-square 72. H. strictissima Petals lanceolate 73. H. alata 74. H. socialis 75. H. Dussi [ 20 ] HABENARIA? 1. H. viridis var. bracteata Gray, Man. ed. 5, 500 (1867), HZ. viridis Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Day, PI. Buffalo 139 (1882); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Upham, F1. Minn. 139 (1884); Dudley, Cayuga Flora 95 (1886); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 277 (1888); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 43, 44, 45 (1894); Morong, Am. Checklist 121 (1894); Britten, in Journ. Bot. 36: 437 (1898). Orchis bracteata Muhl. MS., Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 84 (1805); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 320 (1824), ed. 3, 342 (1840). —O. bractealis Salisb., Paradis. t. 110 (1806-7). Satyrium bracteatum Pers., Syn. 2: 507 (1807), not Lind. ; Muhl., Cat. 80 (1813).—S. bracteale Salsb., in Tr. Hort. Soc. 1: 290 (1812). Habenaria bracteata FR. Br.,in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 192 (1813); Sweet, Fl. Gard. 1: t. 62 (1823-5); Hook., Exot. FI. 3: t.175 (1826); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689(1826); T’o77., Comp. 318 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y.3: 231 (1836);? Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 506 (1837) ; Big., F 1. Bost. ed. 3, 342 (1840); Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 198 (1840); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Macoun, Cat. 4: 14 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Watson & Coul- ter, in Gray’s Man. ed. 6, 507 (1890); Beal & Wheeler, F |. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, Port. Cat. ed. 2, 64 (1892); MacMillan, 1 The bibliographical references have been arranged in chronological order under each spe- cific name. With a few exceptions, the citations are confined to the author’s library. ? For an account of Gray’s paper, reference should be made to the notes accompanying the bibliography under Habenaria Hookeri. [ 21 ] ORCHIDACE H. viridis Metasp. Minn. Val. 168 (1892); Gray, Field, For. & Gard. Bot. rev. ed. 408 (1895); Rydb., in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 524 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 463 (1896); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 105 (1898); Saunders, Fl. S. Dak. 131 (1899); Braimerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2:707 (1900); Gattinger, F]. Tenn. 62 (1901); Driggs, FI. Conn. 16 (1901); Mathews, Field-book 84 (1902); Kennedy, in Rho. 6:111 (1904) ;Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 42, pl.19 (1905) ; Ames, in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 308 (1908). Orchis viridis Pursh, Fl. 2: 587 (1814), excl. syn. in part; Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); EHlhott, Sketch 2: 486 (1824); Haton & Wr.,N.A. Bot. ed. 8, 334 (1840); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1858); Wood, Class-book ed. 29, 533 (1853), ed. 41, 533 (1856); Provanch., F\. Canad. 2: 566 (1862); Darby, Bot. S. St. 526 (1866). Gymnadenia viridis Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 693 (1826) in part. Habenaria viridis Cham., in Linnea 8: 81 (1828). Gymnadenia bracteata Presl, Rel. Henk. 92 (1830). Orchis viridis B Vaillanti Ten., Syll. add. 629 (1831). Cceloglossum Vaillanti Guss., Litt. according to Krinzlin. Peristylus bracteatus Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 298 (1835); Hook., F 1. Bor. Am. 2: 201 (1839) ; Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 305 (1841); Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 71 (1853). Platanthera bracteata Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 279 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 470 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 3, 445 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 8, 311 (1853); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Chapm., F'. S. U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2, 460 (1884), ed. 3, 486 (1897); Paine, P\. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868). Ceeloglossum bracteatum Parl., Fl. Ital. 3: 409 (1858); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 61 (1893); Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. [ 22 ] ORCHIDACE Gard. 1: 106 (1900), in Britton’s Man. 292 (1901); Small, in H. viridis Porter’s F]. Pa. 92 (1903) and FI. Se. U.S. 312 (1903); House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903); Jelliffe, in Torreya 4:99 (1904); Harr, in Contr. Bot. Lab. Univ. Pa. 3: 28 (1907).—C. viride B brac- teatum Richter, Pl. Europ. 1: 279 (1890). Platanthera viridis var. bracteata Reichb. f., Orch. Eur. 130, t. 83 (435) (1851); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 617 (1899). Peristylus bracteatus f. major Franch. & Sav., Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 31, 513 (1879).—P. viridis var. bracteata Kurtz, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 19: 408 (1895) (where he refers it to Reichb. f.). Platanthera viridis Finet, in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 47: 284 (1900).—P. Chorisiana Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 615 (1899) as to characters of the labellum and fig. in Reichb. f. Orch. Eur. “*56. ORCHIS bracteata. “QO, labello lineari apice bifido, petalis subconniventibus, later- alibus ovatis latioribus, cornu obtuso scrotiformi, bracteis flore duplo longioribus patentibus. W. “Orchis bracteata Miihlenberg in litt. “Beblatterte Ragwurz. W. “ Habitat in Pensylvania (v. s.) “Radix palmata. Caulis spithamceus. Folia ovata reticulata, facie et magnitudine epipactidis latifolie. Flores virides paulo majores quam in precedente.: Petala tria superiora conniventia, bina lateralia duplo latiora ovata recta. Labellum lineare de- pendens, apice bifidum cum mucrone parvo obscuro inter laci- nias, sepius deficiente. Cornu obtusum brevissimum scrotiforme. Bractez oblongo-lanceolate flore duplo, quandoque triplo fere, longiores patentes. W.” Willd. loc. cit. 1Orchis viridis. [ 25 ] Hi. viridis ORCHIDACE That the North American plant is distinct from the Habe- naria viridis of the Eastern Hemisphere is not clear. Lindley re- garded his specimens from Siberia identical with those from North America. Reichenbach referred Orchis bracteata Willd. to Platanthera viridis as var. bracteata, and characterized it by the elongated floral bracts. NOVA SCOTIA Boggy spots near Island Pond, Sable Isl., July 26, 1899, J. Macoun (6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Vicroria County Mountain back of Clair’s, July 11, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 92) (1). QUEBEC, Orrawa County In woods, Buckingham, May 11, 1903, J. Macoun (6).— Woods, Chelsea, May 22, 1891, Macoun (6). KEEWATIN Mouth of Albany River, James Bay, July 25, 1904, W. Spreadborough (6). ONTARIO, Nipisstne District In woods, Rainy Lake, June 12, 1900, J. Macoun (6). Hastines Co.: Rich woods, rather scarce, near Belleville, June, 1865, J. Macoun (1, 6).—In damp woods, June 10, 1872, Macown (6). York Co.: Scarborough, June 1, 1898 (Biltmore 6370a) (5). Wettneron Co.: Puslinch Lake, July 16, 1904, 4. B. Klugh (1). MANITOBA In damp thickets, Strong Mt., June 4, 1896, J. Macoun (6).—In woods, Rat River, Otterburne, June 1, 1896, Macoun (6).— Brandon, June 13, 1880, Macoun (6).— Lake Winnipeg Valley, 1837, Bourgeau (3). ATHABASCA Open prairies, Peace River Landing, June 13, 1903, J. 1M. Macoun (1, 6). SASKATCHEW AN In thickets at Prince Albert, June 30, 1896, J. Macoun (6). ASSINIBOIA In boggy places, Qui Appelle Valley, June 22, 1879, J. Macoun (6). —Regina, 1903, 7. N. Willing (1).—In thickets, Wood Mountains, June 17, 1896, Macoun (6).—Moore Mt., July 3, 1880, Macoun (no. 173) (3). [ 24 ] ORCHIDACEAE ALBERTA H. viridis Meadows behind Tunnel Mt., 4450 ft., July 6, 1899, W. C. McCalla (no. 2231) (2, 5).— Athabasca River, June 26, 1898, W. Spreadborough (6). —Athabasca River near Lac Brule, June 30, 1898, Spreadborough (6). —In grassy thickets, Red Deer, June, 1895, Gaetz (6).—Shore of Water- ton Lake, South Kootenay Pass, July 28, 1895, J. Macoun (6).— Prairies, Kananaskis, June 13, 1885, Macoun (6).—Burger’s Pass, Yoho Valley, August 27, 1904, Macoun (1).—Damp places, only specimen seen, Cal- gary, June 7, 1897, Macoun (6).— Rocky Mountain Park, east of Spray Bridge, Banff, July 11, 1891, Macouwn (6).— Mountains north of Devil’s Lake, July 5, 1900, N. B. Sanson (6).— Banff, Sanson (1).— Near Banff, July 11, 1891, Macoun (2, 3, 4). BRITISH COLUMBIA Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, June 17, 1875, J. Macoun (6). Yate Disr.: Northwest of Spence’s Bridge, June 6, 1889, J. M. Macoun (6). Vancouver Ist.: Grassy places, Mt. Finlayson, June 18, 1887, J. Ma- coun (6). ALASKA Kyska Harbor, July 19, 1873, W. H. Dail (3).— Arakamtchetchene Isl., Bering Straits, Ringgold-Rogers Exp., 1853-6, Ch. Wright (3)(H. viridis?). — Boggy spots, Bering Isl., September 1, 1891, J. M. Macoun (6).— Boggy places, Attu Isl., August 29, 1891, J. M. Macoun (6).—Popoff Isl., July 10, 1899, De Alton Saunders (no. 3302) (4).—Kadiak, July 1, 1899, Wm. Trelease (no. 3300) (4); July 4, 1899, T'release (no. 3301) (4).— Disen- chantment Bay, August 12, 1902, Frederick Funston (no. 112) (3, 4). MAINE Jemtland, July 16, 1900, Dr. D. W. Fellows (1).— Moist wooded slopes of Mt. Aziscoos, July 31, 1903, B. L. Robinson (3).— Banks of Wassata- quoik River, May, 1837 (Hb. Thurber) (3). Aroostook Co.: 1903, F. 7’. Hubbard (1).—Fort Kent, July 11, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 92) (1); hillside woods, July 18, 1904, Eaton (no. 169 a) (1). Piscataquis Co.: Deciduous woods, Rum Mt., July 5, 1895, M. L. Fernald (no. 267) (3, 4). Frankuin Co.: High woods, Mt. Saddleback, July 16, 1902, Clarence H. Knowlton (no. 491) (1).—Bog on Mt. Saddleback, Wilton, August 1, 1899, L. J. Spalding (17). [ 25 ] ORCHIDACE/E Hi, viridis NEW HAMPSHIRE Near Jack’s House, White Mts., June 8, 1881, Faxon (3).—Base of White Mountains, Oakes (2). Coos Co.: Mt. Adams, July, 1878, Faxon (3). Grarrton Co.: Profile House, Franconia, July 6, 1855, Wm. Boott (3); Profile House, July 4, 1879, Faxon (3). CuEsnirE Co.: Wooded slope, Gap Mt., Troy, May 30, 1899, B. L. Robin- son & E. L. Rand (no. 723) (8). VERMONT, Orveans County Woods, side of Willoughby Mt., June 18, 1861, J. Blake (16).— Woods near Willoughby Lake House, June 27, 1884, Faxon (3).— Willoughby Mt., June 6, 1885, Warren H. Manning (6). LamoItie Co.: Belding Pond, Johnson, May 23, 1895, A. J. Grout (2); Johnson, June 3, 1895, L. R. Jones (5). Catepon1a Co.: Peacham, June 2, 1884, F’. Blanchard (4); May 28, 1886, Blanchard (4). CHITTENDEN Co. : Moist woods, Charlotte, May 31, 1886, C. G. Pringle (7). —Cold mountain woods, Huntington, June 20, 1876, Pringle (7).— Chittenden, August 18, 1895, W. W. Eggleston (14). Avpison Co.: Cold woods, Monkton, September 24, 1878, C. G. Prin- gle (7).— Lost Pleiad Lake, Hancock, June 10, 1902, E. Brainerd (1).— Salisbury, July 26, 1903, W. W. Eggleston (1).—Maiddlebury, June 7, 1879, Brainerd (5); May 25, 1878, Brainerd (2). OrancE Co.: Strafford, July 25, 1891, L. R. Jones (5). Rutianp Co.: E. Wallingford, July 7, 1898, W. W. Eggleston (5, 14). Bennineton Co.: Manchester, June 29, 1898, M. A. Day (no. 370) (2, 5). —Chittenden, August 18, 1895, Eggleston (14). MASSACHUSETTS, Mipp.iesex County Pine woods, only specimens found, South Framingham, May 12, 1890, E. L. Sturtevant (4). Worcester Co.: Mossy wet nook on the face of a cliff, Rocky Hill, Ox- ford, 820 ft. alt., May 5, 1900, Leland J. Spalding (17). Frank1in Co.: Shelburne, June 28, 1873, Miss S. E. Anderson (10). HampsuireE Co.: South Hadley, 1887, 4. C. Cooke (2).— Young deciduous woods, South Hadley, May 27, 1905, R. G. Leavitt (1).— Northampton, E.. Hitchcock, Jr. (3). [ 26 ] ORCHIDACE# CONNECTICUT, New Haven County Mt. Carmel, near New Haven, June 25, 1884, W. E. Safford (2). NEW YORK, Herkimer Country Cold damp woods, July, 1879, Frank Tweedy (2). Wasuineton Co.: Mt. Hope, Ft. Ann Mts., June 26, 1896, Stewart H. Burnham (1). Monroe Co.: Rochester, May 21, 1863, Wm. Boott (3). Ononpaca Co.: Woods near Carpenter’s pond, Fabius, July 22, 1905, H. D. House (no. 1346) (18). NEW JERSEY, Sussex Country Near Bloom Swamp, Stockholm, August 13, 1895, Wm. Van Sickle (2). WarreEN Co.: Delaware Water Gap, July 5, 1875, Mr. Knipe (8). PENNSYLVANIA, Crawrorp County 1868, McMullen (2). NortHampron Co.: Vicinity of Easton, 1868, 4. P. Garber (2); near Easton, May, 1872, Thos. C. Porter (2). OHIO, Lucas County Toledo, May 18, 1884, H. A. Young (8). Loran Co. : Oberlin, May 17, 1895, W. M. Dick (1).— Amherst, June 12, 1895, A. HE. Ricksecker (2). Mepina Co.: Woods, Medina, June, 1897, G. B. Ashcroft (5); May 30, 1898, Ashcroft (14). ILLINOIS, Winnezaco County Rockford, May 30, 1888, Kate C. Penfield (2). MICHIGAN, Krewrenaw County Woods, August, 1886, O. 4. Farwell (3).—Clifton, May, 1884, Farwell (11). —Moist woods, Keweenaw Point, June 13, 1884, Frank E. & Floy J. Wood (2). Maraguette Co.: July 9, 1883, G. F. A. (2).—Turin, May 31, 1901, Bronson Barlow (1, 2).— Marquette, August, 1868, Wm. M. Canby (1, 16). Macxtnac Co.: Mackinac Isl., June 30, 1889, G. H. Hicks (10); June 24, 1888, Hicks (2). Iosco Co.: Oscoda, June, 1882, R. A. Barr (3). Ion1a Co.: Hubbardston, May, 1872, C. F’. Wheeler (8). Sr. Crarr Co.: Wet woods, Port Huron, May 31, 1838, Houghton (3); August 6, 1893, Chas. K. Dodge (no. 104) (8). [ 27 ] FZ, viridis H. viridis ORCHIDACEA Wayne Co.: Detroit, May 30, 1895, Oliver A. Farwell (11). WISCONSIN, Brown County June, 1883, J. H. Schuette (1).— Bellevue, May 27, 1882, Schuette (1).— Cedar swamp, May 18, 1878, Schuette (1). MitwavkeErE Co.: Milwaukee, 1843, J. A. Lapham (4). Racine Co.: Cool woods, shores of Lake Michigan, May 22, 1897, S. C. Wadmond (5). MINNESOTA Short Line Park, 1889, F. F’. Wood (2). Hussarp Co.: Woods, Park Rapids, June 22, 1891, J. H. Sandberg (no. 1235) (2). Srearns Co.: St. Cloud, September, 1892, F. W. Dewart (4). Winona Co.: Homer Road near Winona, May, 1886, J... H(olzinger) (2). IOWA, Fayerre County Fayette, rare, June, 1893, B. Fink (2). PorrawatraMieE Co.: Prairie groves, near Council Bluffs, rare, April 18, 1839, Chas. A. Geyer (2). NEBRASKA Banks, etc., along caiion streams, near Bonnet, 5000 ft., June, 1890, J’om A. Williams (4). SOUTH DAKOTA, Custer County Black Hills, W. S. Rusby (10).— Harney Peak, 7000 ft., July 20, 1892, P. A. Rydberg (no. 1029) (2). MONTANA Woods bordering Flathead River, July 27, 1883, Wm. M. Canby (no. 310) (16). Gatiatin Co.: Low wet shady woodlands, not rare, Bozeman, June 22, 1899, J. W. Blankinship (1, 4). WASHINGTON Cascade Mts., lat. 49°, 1859, Dr. Lyall (3). — From Fort Colville to Rocky Mts., 1861, Dr. Lyall (8). JAPAN Sappon, June, 1878 (3). CHINA Hu-pe Province, Central China, 1885-8, Dr. August Henry (no. 6874) (3). [ 28 ] ORCHIDACE 2. H. clavellata (Michx.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826); Sw., H. clavellata Adnot. Bot. 45 (1829); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 468, f. 1104 (1896); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 105 (1898); Kearney, in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 5: 522 (1901); Gattinger, F1. Tenn. 62 (1901); Lounsberry, South. Wild FI. 78 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 43, t. 20 (1905); Ames, in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 309 (1908). Orchis clavellata Michw., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 155 (1803); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 10 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 505 (1807); Muhl., Cat. 80 (1813); Pursh, F 1. 2: 586 (1814); Hihott, Sketch 2: 486 (1824).— O. tridentata Muhl., ex Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 41 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 506 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 587 (1814); Torr., Cat. N. Y. 69 (1819); Barton, Fl. 1: 52, t. 15 (1821); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Zorr., Comp. 817 (1826); Short, Cat. Ky. 10 (1833); Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 197 (1840); Wood, Class-book ed. 29, 538 (1853), ed. 41, 533 (1856), not O. tridentata Scop.— O. clavellata 6 tridentata Muwhil., Cat. 80 (1818); Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814); Barton, Comp. FI. Phil. 2: 187 (1818); Nutt., Gen. 2:189 (1818). Habenaria tridentata Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 81 (1825); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826); Sw., Adnot. Bot. 46 (1829); Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1687 (1882); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Darl., F). Cestr. 507 (1837); Torr., in Geol. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 499 (1867), ed. 6, 506 (1890); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); J. Robinson, F\. Essex Co. 107 (1880); Pl. Malden & Medf. 11 (1881); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 93 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 87 (1882); Gattinger, Tenn. Fl. 83 (1887); Macoun, Cat. 4: 13 (1888); Dame & Collins, Fl. Middlesex 102 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, Fl. Mich. 607 (1891); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 168 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 97, f. 20 (1894); Galen, [ 29 J ORCHIDACE H. clavellata F\. Lane. Co. (1895), 15 (1898); Russell, in Rho. 1: 200 (1899); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, F 1. Vt. 80 (1900); Mathews, Field-book 84, 85, 90 (1902). Gymnadenia tridentata Lind/., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 277 (1835) ; Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 195 (1840); Steuwd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 712 (1841); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 278 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 469 (1848), ed. 2, 444 (1856), ed. 3, 444 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 310 (1853); Green & Congd., Class-book 202 (1855) ; Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 346 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newce. Co. Del. 74 (1860); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 459 (1860), ed. 2, 459 (1884), ed. 8, 485 (1897); Hervey, Cat. 21 (1860); Wood, Class-book 683 (1861); Tracy, Essex Fl. 80 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 94 (1898). Platanthera tipuloides Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 195 (1839) in syn. | Orchis tipuloides Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 195 (1839) in syn., not Fischer in hb. Gymnadenia tridentata § clavellata Wood, Class-book 683 (1861). Peristylus clavellatus Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 521 (1898), 926 (1901). Gymnadeniopsis clavellata Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 298 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 316 (1903), in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 92 (1903); Lighthipe, in Torreya 3: 80 (1903); House, in Torreya 83:51 (1903); C. B. Robinson, in Bull. Pictou Acad. 1: 35 (1907). (See Habenaria lacera x clavellata, Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids, 257, sub H. lacera.) 1 Hooker (Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 195) makes Platanthera tipuloides Lindl., Orchis tipuloides L., O. gracilis Fisch. = Gymnadenia tridentata, basing his opinion on a fragment of Fischer's distribution in his herbarium. MacMillan and Macoun follow him, but I think he must be entirely mistaken, a view apparently held at Kew, for Index Kewensis makes Pl. tipuloides =Tipularia Kamitschatica. (A. A. E.) [ 30 ] ORCHIDACE/E “Q, bulbis tenuiter fusiformibus: scapo oblonge unifolio: spica laxiuscule pauciflora; bracteis brevibus: calyce minuto, conni- vente; cornu longitudine ovarii, clavato; labello ovali, integro. “Hab. in Carolina.” Michx. loc. cit. Habenaria clavellata is a very distinct species with no near ally in North America. The appendages of the gynostemium are quite characteristic. These are three in number, erect and tuber- culate. NEWFOUNDLAND Damp soil, brookside, near Topsail, Conception Bay, August 12-19, 1901, C. D. Howe & W. F. Lang (no. 1352) (3).—Swamps, Manuels, August 8, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (no. 167) (2, 3, 4, 6).— Bogs, Chimney Cove, Bay of Islands, July 21, 1895, 4. C. Waghorne (4). —Low woods, July, 1885, #. Bell (6).—Barred Isl., August 28, 1903, J. D. Sornborger (1). ; NOVA SCOTIA Cape Torment, 1825, Mrs. Shepard ex Hb. Thurber (3).—In damp, marshy spots, Sable Isl., July 28, 1899, J. Macoun (6). Care Breton Co.: Boggy meadow, Sydney, August 18, 1902, M. L. Fer- nald (1, 3).—Halfway House, August 5, 1898, J. Macoun (1, 4, 6).— Damp places, Baddeck, July 24, 1898, Macoun (6).— Wet woods, Bad- deck, July 18, 1883, Macoun (6).—New Campbellton, July 23, 1897, David White & Chas. Schuchert (no. 26) (2, 6). CumBeERLAND Co. : Cold bog, Truemanville, July 25, 1884, H. Trueman (3). Guyszoroucu Co.: Damp places, Boylston, July, 1890, Dr. C. A. Ham- ilton (6). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Tracadie, August 2, 1888, J. Macoun (6). NEW BRUNSWICK August 12, 1869, J. Fowler (3).— Bass River, July 21, 1875, Fowler (2). 1 The type in Michaux’s herbarium at the Paris Museum is annotated as follows: ‘‘Orchis clavellata, calcare clavato, labello ignoto. Carolina? innominato.” It would thus appear that Michaux was unfamiliar with the lip of the plant, as suggested by Boott, in a letter to Lindley quoted on pages 277, 278 of Gen. & Sp. Orch. (A. A. E.) [ $1 ] H.. clavellata ORCHIDACEA HH. clavellata —Noxruvmsertanp Co.: Miramichi, August 4, 1892, Fowler (4). Kent Co.: August 14, 1869, Fowler (16). QUEBEC Island of Anticosti, Pursh (“Orchis oscillata n. sp.”) (3) (ex Hb. Geo. Thurber, Comm. Mrs. Shepard). ONTARIO In a peat bog, Catfish Lake, Algonquin Park, July 23, 1900, J. Ma- coun (6).— White Lake, July 22, 1898 (Biltmore no. 490b) (5). Hastines Co.: Bogs and marshes, North Hastings, July 12, 1878, J. Ma- coun (6). We tuncron Co. : Blueberry marsh, Killean, July 19, 1904, 4. B. Klugh(1). —Bogs, Edmonton, August 2, 1890, Jas. White (6). Essex Co.: Leamington, August 2, 1892 (6). MAINE Silver Lake, Scribner, July 31, 1878 (8). Aroostook Co.: In sphagnum, Fort Kent, August 11, 1901, M. L. Fer- nald (3).— Bog at Fort Kent, July 17, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 155) (1). Somerset Co.: Swamps from Stacyville to City Camp, July 17-18, 1900, M. L. Fernald (3).—Cedar swamp, Madison, July 2, 1903, 4. 4. Eaton (1). Franxkuin Co.: Grassy bog, New Sharon, July 25, 1899, L. J. Spalding (17).— Peat bog, New Sharon, August 10, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1).— Grassy wayside, South Chesterville, July, 1903, Lillian O. Eaton (1).— Swamp, Strong, August 1, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1).— Moist field, Far- mington, August, 1900, C. H. Knowlton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Moist woods, Waterford, August 8, 1883, Blake (no. 990) (2). — Bethel, July 28, 1865, Wm. Boott (3). Hancock Co.: Mt. Desert, July, 1871, Wm. Boott (3).—Common in moist grassy places, Mt. Desert, July, 1879, D. C. Eaton (3).— Wet roadsides, Seal Harbor, July 27, 1887, John H. Redfield (16); July 27, 1885, Red- field (4).—Great Cranberry Isl., September 3, 1885, J. H. Redfield (4). —Bar Harbor, July 26, 1888, Fazon (8). Watpo Co.: Wet roadside, New Guinea, Islesboro, August 4, 1897, F. Tracy Hubbard (1). Kennesec Co.: Augusta, July 1, 1885, E. C. Smith (4). Lincotn Co.: Monhegan Isl., 1902, #. Grace Smith (no. 78) (3). [ 82 ] ORCHIDACEA SacapauHoc Co.: Georgetown, August 9, 1902, Hollis Webster (3). H. clavellata CumBERLAND Co.: Brunswick, 1862, EF. L. Sturtevant (4). NEW HAMPSHIRE Base of White Mts., September, 1842, 4. Gray (3). Coos Co.: Dismal Pond near Glen House, August 15, 1855, Wm. Boott (3). —Randolph, Fazon (3); July, 1889, Clara E. Cummings (4).— Peat bogs, common, Crawford House, August 14, 1895, E. H. Eames (2). Grarron Co.: Pond, Cannon Mt., August 1, 1863, Wm. Boott (3). Betxnap Co.: Gilmanton, August 8, 1864, J. Blake (4). CuesuirE Co.: Woods, Jaffrey, July 17, 1898, B. L. Robinson (no. 476) (3); bog, August 11, 1890, Walter Deane (1, 2). VERMONT Cateponta Co.: Head of Winooski River, Peacham, August 7, 1886, F’. Blanchard (2). CHITTENDEN Co.: Sphagnous swamp, Charlotte, July 29, 1879, C. G. Pringle (7).— Richmond, July 19, 1899, Eggleston (no. 1627) (2, 4). Appison Co.: Cold peat bog near summit, Mt. Mansfield, July, 1896 (5). — Bristol Pond bog, July 30, 1877, September 27, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7). Rutianp Co.: Chittenden, August 18, 1895, W. W. Eggleston (5, 14). “MASSACHUSETTS, Essex County Andover, July 29, 1882, C. W. Swan (6).—Salisbury, July, 1903, 4. 4. Eaton (1). MippeEsEx Co.: Medford, August 15, 1858, Wm. Boott (3). Worcester Co.: Lunenberg, August 18, 1884, C. W. Swan (6).— Rare, wet meadow bordering Lake Chaubunagungamaug, Webster, July 25, 1899, E. A. Spalding (17). Frankiin Co.: Sunderland, September 3, 1874, S. Watson (3).—Shel- burne, Miss S. E. Anderson (10). HampsuirE Co.: Southampton, 1892, Hb. Chapman (5). Norrotk Co.: Dedham, July, 1875, E. H. Hitchings (3).— Moist shady border of thicket, Stoughton, September 21, 1904, R. G. Leavitt (1). Piymovutn Co.: Swamp near Quaker Leonard Road, Brockton, July 16, 1903, A. A. Eaton (1). Brisrot Co.: North Easton, July, 1899, O. Ames (1); July 31 and Sep- tember 25, 1901, R. G. Leavitt (5).—Easton, August, 1897, Carl Blom- berg (1).—Nonquit, August 30, 1888, E. L. Sturtevant (4). [ 33 ] ORCHIDACEA Hi. clavellata — Barnsraztx Co.: Hyannisport, August 29, 1888, Walter Deane (2). Dukes Co.: Martha’s Vineyard, August, 1888, Carrie Harrison (2). RHODE ISLAND, Provivence County Swamps, Providence, August, 1844, Geo. Thurber (3).— Low field, Provi- dence, July 31, 1892, J. Franklin Collins (2). Kent Co.: Warwick, September 3, 1871, J. W. Congdon (4). CONNECTICUT, Lircurietp County Wooded swamp, Woodbury, August 19, 1903, E. B. Harger (1). Hartrorp Co.: Low ground, Southington, August 20, 1898, L. Andrews (no. 325) (3). New Haven Co.: Oxford, August 23, 1879, E. B. Harger (no. 471) (2). — Bradford, August 4, 1877, Wm. T'release (4). FarrFiE.D Co.: Rich woods, rather rare, Stratford, August 28, 1893, E. H. Eames (2). NEW YORK Dr. Torrey (18).— Western New York, 4. Gray (3).—Vaughns, July 8, 1897 (14). Warren Co.: Bear Pond on French Mt., July 25, 1892, Stewart H. Burn- ham (1). Onerpa Co.: Swampy places near White Lake, Forestport, July 15, 1903, J. V. Haberer (no. 888) (1). Ononpaca Co. : Swamp near Baldwinsville, W. M. Beauchamp (1).— Tully, 1869, S. N. Cowles (4). Cuenanco Co.: McDonough, July 27, 1886, F. V. Coville (2); August 2, 1884, Coville (2). Surro.tk Co.: Montauk Point, July 23, 1895, Jos. Schrenk (4).— Wading River, July 12, 1872, E. S. Miller (10). NEW JERSEY August, 1842, Thos. P. James (2).— Wet places, pine barrens, Septem- ber 16, 1879, Geo. Engelmann (4). Sussex Co.: Wet woods, Cranberry Lake, July 31, 1904, Kenneth K. Mackenzie (no. 834) (1). Passaic Co.: Passaic, August, 1887, Sereno Watson (3). Ocean Co.: Swamps, Tom’s River, August 6, 1903, M. W. Lyon (2). CampEN Co.: Winslow, September 7, 1873, Isaac C. Martindale (4). [ 34 ] ORCHIDACE# PENNSYLVANIA August 7, 1847, Thos. P. James (2). —Conewago Mts., July, 1898, C. W. Eisenhower (4). Luzerne Co.: Lily Lake, July 29, 1889, A. A. Heller (3). Lancaster Co.: 1885, Jas. Galen (4).—Smithville Swamp, September 2, 1889, A.A. Heller (3); July 22, 1889, John K. Small (2). — In new red sand- stone, near Mt. Hope, September 27, 1901, 4. A. Heller (2). DELAWARE, NewcasrLe County Swamps, near Wilmington, June, 1896, Wm. M. Canby (5). Sussex Co.: Swamps, Lewes, July 27, 1878, Canby (16).—Rehoboth, July, 1878, Canby (8). MARYLAND, Monrcomery County Forest Glen, September, 1898, Henry W. Olds (2).— Woodside, July 28, 1895, C. L. Pollard (2). AnnE AruNDEL Co.: Wet thickets, Glen Burine, July 18, 1894, C. E. Waters (2).—Near Curtis Bay, December 11, 1893, Adam Steitz (2). Prince Georce Co.: Ammendale, 1898, Dr. Gerritt S. Miller (2). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA In swamps, rare, August 6, 1900, Theo. Holm (1).—Moist spot in hill, August 11, 1896, E. S. Steele (3, 4).—Blagden’s Run, August 6, 1892, J. M. Holzinger (2).— Occoquan Creek, July 16, 1876, L. F. Ward (2). VIRGINIA Summit of Salt Pond Mt., 4500 ft., 1858, Wm. M. Canby (16). Farrrax Co.: Arlington railroad, August 11, 1896, E. S. Steele (2). Pace Co.: Blue Ridge near Luray, 3600 ft., August 18, 1901, Mr. & Mrs. E. S. Steele (no. 108) (2, 3, 4). Warren Co.: Damp thicket near Waterlick, July 30, 1897, Gerritt S. Miller, Jr. (2). NansEmonp Co.: Damp soil, Suffolk, July 27, 1897 (5). NorFoxk Co.: Great Dismal Swamp, July 13, 1898, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (no. 1648) (2). NORTH CAROLINA Orchis clavellata, calcare, clavato, labello tgnoto. Carolina? innominato, Hb. Michaux (21), type.—Mountains, 1842, Met Curtis (4). Watavuea Co.: Vicinity of Blowing Rock, July 31, 1890, 4. A. Heller (4). [ 85 ] H.. clavellata HA. clavellata ORCHIDACEA BuncomseE Co.: Biltmore, August, 1894 (5).— Wet places, Craggy Mts., August 12, 1897 (Biltmore no. 490a) (2, 3, 5). Swain Co.: Andrew’s Bald, 6000 ft., August 15, 1891, Beardslee & Ko- foid (3). Jackson Co.: Cullowhee, June 15-July 15, 1887, Roland Thazter (3). Potx Co.: Spring Mountain Park, August 3, 1897, E. C. Townsend (2). Moore Co.: Southern Pines, July 18, 1895, J. W. Blankinship (1). CLevELAND Co.: Moist soil near King’s Mt., August 1, 1902 (Biltmore no. 490d) (5). SOUTH CAROLINA, Greenvitte County Moist ravines, Czesar’s Head, July 30, 1881, John Donnell Smith (3). Ricuitanp Co.: In wet soil near Columbia, July 31, 1900 (Biltmore no. 490c) (5). ArkEN Co.: Aiken, July, 1869, H. W. R(avenel) (2). BERKELEY Co.: Rich damp soils, Santee Canal, July, H. W. Ravenel (8). GEORGIA, Wuirrietp County Wet woods at eastern base of Taylor’s Ridge, 1000 ft., July 26, 1900, Percy Wilson (no. 124) (2). Sumter Co.: Wet woods near Leslie, July 23, 1901, &. M. Harper (no. 1104) (2, 3, 4, 7). FLORIDA Hb. Geo. Thurber (3). ALABAMA, Cray County July 24, 1902 (Biltmore no. 490e) (5). Tuscatoosa Co.: Vance Station, July 24, 1876 (12). Lee Co.: Auburn, July 8, 1896, F. S. Earle & C. F. Baker (14); August 8, 1897, Earle & Baker (4, 14); August 11, 1897, Earle & Baker (14). MISSISSIPPI, Simpsons County Saratoga, August 4, 1903, .S. M. Tracy (1).— Magee, August 4, 1903 (2). Marion Co.: Poplarville, July 7, 1891, S. M. Tracy (2). TENNESSEE, Carter County Roan Mt., July 27, 1889, #. Lamson-Scribner (8). Davipson Co.: Nashville, 1878, Dr. A. Gattinger (2). Cocke Co.: Wolf Creek, August 23, 1897, Thos. H. Kearney (no. 907) (2). —Near Summit Max Patch, 4700 ft. alt., September 8, 1897, Kearney (no. 908) (2, 4). [ 36 ] ORCHIDACE Monroe Co.: White Cliff Springs, July, 1890, F. Lamson-Scribner (8). -H1. clavellata Frank1in Co.: Sewanee, August 1, 1878, Gattinger (3, 5, 8). Carrot Co.: Hollow Rock, July 16, 1886, Gattinger (8). OHIO, Lake County Near Painesville, Wm. C. Werner (2). Cuyanoca Co.: Near Cleveland, Wm. Krebs (1). Mepina Co.: Munson, July, 1897, G. B. Ashcroft (5). INDIANA, Sreusen County In marsh } mile east of Clear Lake, July 24, 1904, Chas. C. Deam (1). Lake Co.: Pine, July 14, 1880, 7. J. Burrill (1). Ranpvotru Co.: Swales, Clarke, July 15, 1896, L. M. Umbach (2, 5). ILLINOIS, Coox County August, 1869, Henry H. Babcock (4). Cass Co.: Beardstown, Chas. A. Geyer (4). MICHIGAN, Keweenaw County Clifton, June, 1884, O. A. Farwell (11); woods, July, 1887, Farwell (no. 470) (3). Marquette Co.: In wet sand near a bog, Turin, July 11, 1901, Bronson Barlow (1, 2). Berrien Co.: Damp woods, St. Joseph, August 13, 1838, Houghton (3). WISCONSIN J. S. Smith (8). Potk Co.: 1861, 7. J. Hale (4). Sr. Crorx Co.: St. Croix, August, 1861, Hale (4, 16). Brown Co.: Big Suamico woods near the shore, July 11, 1886, J. H. Schuette (1). Cotumsia Co.: Kilbourn, 1861, Hale (3, 4). MINNESOTA, Arrxin County Nichols, June, 1892, . P. Sheldon (5). Cutsaco Co.: Center City, June, 1892, B. C. Taylor (2, 5, 14). Anoka Co.: Centreville, July 30, 1891, Dr. J. H. Sandberg (no. 708) (2). Hennepin Co.: Moist meadow, July, 1890, Sandberg (5). IOWA, Fayerre County “First reported from Iowa, rare,” Wadena, July, 1893, B. Fink (2). 7 [ 37 J ORCHIDACEA Hi. clavellata ARKANSAS, Putasx1 County Hi. altida Sandy swamp, south end of Main Street, Little Rock, July 9, 1887, F. V. Coville (no. 60) (2). Dattas Co. : Swamps, Hot Springs, July, F. L. Harvey (no. 75) (4, 10, 16). LOUISIANA Hb. C. W. Short (4). Bossier Co.: Alden Bridge, November 2, 1898, Wm. Trelease (4). Rapipes Co.: Common along pine wood streams, vicinity of Alexandria, June 6, 1899, Carleton R. Ball (no. 564) (2, 3, 4, 5, 6). 3. H. albida R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810) nomen, in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 193 (1813), Miscellaneous Bot. 2: 477; Sw., Summa Veg. Scand. 32 (1814), Svenska Bot. 8: 507, f. 1 (1819); Hook., in Curt. Fl. Lond. ed. 2, 4: t. 99 (1821); Hook., FI. Scot. pt. 1, 252, pt. 2, 188 (1821); Lindl, in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10, 332 (1823); Lodd., Bot. Cab. 12: t. 1121 (1826); Reichb., F\. Germ. exc. 180 (1830); 4. Dietr., Fl. Bor. 1: t. 67 (1833); Hook., Brit. Fl. ed. 4, 1: 315 (1838), ed. 5, 369 (1842); Deak., Florigr. Brit. 3: 1118, f. 1332 (1847); Hook. & Arn., Brit. Fl. ed. 6, 423 (1850); Lindsay, Edinb. Bot. Soc. Trans. 7: 143 (1863); Benth., Handb. Brit. Fl. ed. 2, 825, fig. 995 (1865); Pratt, F\. Pl. & Ferns Gt. Brit. 5: 214, t. 217, fig. 2; Watson, Topog. Bot. ed. 2, 393 (1883); Webst., Brit. Orch. 73 (1886); Painter, in Journ. Bot. 27: 179 (1889); Willams, Orch. Grow. Man. ed. 7, 417 (1894); Hanb. & Marsh., Fl. Kent 337 (1899); Aveb., Brit. Fl. Pl. 406 (1905); Ley, in Journ. Bot. 45: 326 (1907). Orchis palmata palmis inversis, flore albo Loes., Fl. Pruss. 182 (1703). Limodorum montanum, flore ex albo dilute virescente Chom., Mem. de l' Acad. Roy. des Sci. 392, pl. 8 (1705). Orchis palmata, angustifolia, Alpina, flore albo Tourn., [ 38 ] ORCHIDACE Inst. 1: 486 (1719); Martyn, in Tourn. Compleat Herbal 2: 544 H. albida (1730).—O. palmata thyrso specioso &c. Dill., in Ray Syn. ed. 3, 382 (1724). Pseudo-Orchis Alpina, flore herbaceo Mich., Gen. 30, t. 26 A-C (1729); Segu., Ver. Supp. 254 (1754). Satyrium bulbis fasciculatis, foliis lanceolatis, nectarii labio trifido acuto; intermedio majore L., Act. Ups. 19 (1740), Fl. Suec. ed. 1, 268, no. 738 (1745), ed. 2, 814 (1755). Orchis palmata alpina, spica densa, albo-viridi, Hall, Opusce. 148 (1749). Satyrium scanense L., It. Scan. 153(1751); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 1, 734 (1821).—S. albidum L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 944 (1753), Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1338 (1763); Fl. Suec. ed. 2, 314 (1755), Syst. ed. 14, 812 (1784); Huds., Fl. Angl. 337 (1762); Lam., Fl. Fr. 3: 512 (1778); Pers., Syn. 2: 506 (1807). Helleborine Broccenbergensis Riv., Hex. t. 3 (1760). Orchis radicibus, confertis, teretibus, calcare brevis- simo, labello trifido Haill., Hist. Helv. 2: 137, t. 26 (1768). Orchis alpina Crantz, Stirp. Austr. 486 (1769).—O. albida Scop., Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 2: 201 (1771), not Frivald ; Oed., Fl. Danica t. 115 (1766); Adhoni, Fl. Ped. 2: 149 (1785); Sw.,in Act. Holm. 21: 207 (1800); DC., Fl. Fr. ed. 3, 3: 258 (1805); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4; 88 (1805); Wahlenb., F). Lapp. 216 (1812); Pollini, F). Veron. 3: 21 (1824); DC., Bot. Gal. ed. 2, 443 (1828); Smith, Engl. Fl. 4: 18 (1828); Gaudin, Fl. Helv. 5: 452 (1829); Host, Fl. Austr. 2: 584 (1831); Anonymous, Irish Flora 172 (1833); Woods, Tourist’s Fl. 853 (1850); Gren. & Godr., Fl. Fr. 3: 299 (1855). Satyrium trifidum V7l/., Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 42 (1787). Orchis parviflora Poir., in Lam. Encye. 4: 599 (1797). Sieberia albida Spreng., Anleit. 2: 880 (1818). [ 39 | H. albida ORCHIDACE Gymnadenia albida L. C. Rich., in Mém. Mus. Par. 4: 57 (1818); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 694 (1826); Nees von Esenb., Gen. 3, f. 10 (1883); Bluff & Fing., Comp. ed. 2, 2: 531 (1836-8); Koch, Syn. ed. 2, pt. 2, 794 (1844); Brebis., Fl. Norm. ed. 2, 259 (1849); Reichb. f.,Orch. Eur. 110, 179, t. 67 (419) (1851); Ambr., Fl. Tir. Aust. 1: 702 (1854); Thzel., in Bull. Soe. roy. Belg. 12: 91 (1878); Bab., Man. Brit. Bot. ed. 8, 346 (1881); Purchas & Ley, F |. Heref. 293 (1889) ; M. Schulze, Orch. Deutsch.- Oesterr. u. der Schw. t. 46 (1894); Warren, Fl. Cheshire 299 (1899); Correvon, Alb. des Orch. 67, t. 18 (1899). Cceloglossum albidum Hartm., Handb. Skand. FI. ed. 1, 829 (1820); Fries, Fl. Scan. 165 (1835); Hartm., Handb. ed. 8, 205 (1838); Camus, Mon. Orch. Fr. 79 (1892); Bennett, FI. Alps 2: 189 (1897); Chen. & Braun, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 419, 472 (1907). Entaticus albidus S. F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 198 (1821). Chamorchis albida Dumort., Prodr. Fl. Belg. 183 (1827); Michot, F). Hain. 279 (1845). Platanthera albida Lindl., Syn. Brit. Fl. ed. 1, 261 (1829). Peristylus albidus Lindl., Syn. Brit. Fl. ed. 2, 261 (1835), Gen. & Sp. Orch. 299 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 305 (1841); Baxter, Brit. Bot. 5: 387 (1834-43 according to Prit- zel); Bertol., Fl. Ital. 9:572 (1858); Ledeb., F). Ross. 4:73(1858) ; Hook. f., in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1: 117 (1857). Bicchia albida Parl. Fl. Ital. 3: 397 (1858); Barla, Ic. Orch. 28, t. 11, f. 1-16 (1868). Leucorchis albida EH. Meyer, ex Schur Enum. Pl. Trans- silv. 645 (1866).—L. lucida Fuss, Fl. Transs. 625 (1866). Orchis alsaticus Herm., Fl. Als. (according to Thielens in Bull. Soc. roy. Belg.). [ 40 ] ORCHIDACE Satyrium albidum: “4,SATYRIUM bulbis fasciculatis, foliis lanceolatis, nectarii labio trifido acuto: intermedia majore. Act. wps. 1740, p. 19. Fil. suec. 733. “Satyrium scanense. Jt. scan. 153.* “Orchis palmata alpina, spica densa albo viridi. Hall. It. here. 68. **Pseudo Orchis alpina, flore herbaceo. Mich. gen. 30, t. 26. ‘“TLimodorum montanum, flore albo dilute virescente. “Chom. act. paris. 1705, p. 517. “ Habitat in Scanize, Germanie, Helvetie, Avernie Pratis syl- vaticis 2.” L. Sp. Pl. 944. GREENLAND Hartz, July 11,1889 (3).— Fox Havn in Arsuk Fjord, June 24,1888, Dr. L. Kolderup Rosenvinge(6).—Julianehaab, 1899, Rink (3).— Pale pinkish yel- low, sweet scented, rich damp soil brook banks, Godhavn, Disko I., Aug- ust 4, 1878, L. Krumlein in Howgate Polar Expedition (3).— Boreal Disko, 1870, Bryssen (3).— Also from numerous localities in Europe. Distributed from Ural Siberia through northern Europe and mountains to Switzer- land, England, Iceland, and Greenland. Probably in Arctic America. I have been unable to discover a single authentic specimen of Habenaria albida from our range. If it occurs on the North American mainland it must be extremely rare and local. The labellum is variously trifid or 3-lobed, the middle lobe being longer and larger than the lateral ones. H. albida 4. H. flava (L.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 691 (1826); Gray, in Sill. H. flava Journ. 38: 308 (1840); Z'orr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810) nomen; Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Coulter, Fl. West. Tex. 425 (1891); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 168 (1892); Morong, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 38 (1893); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 464, f. 1105 (1896); Millsp. & Nutt., Fl. W. Va. 200 (1896) ; Clute, Fl]. Up. Susq. 105 [ 41 ] ORCHIDACE H, flava (1898); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Gattinger, Fl. Tenn. 62 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 45, t. 21 (1905). Orchis radice palmata floribus obsolete luteis &c. Clayton, no. 639.—O. bulbis palmatis, nectarii cornu fili- formi longitudine germinis, labio trifido integerrimo Gron., Fl. Virg. ed. 1, 183 (1789).—O. radicibus palmatis: nectarii labio trifido &c. Gron., F). Virg. ed. 2, 187 (1762). Orchis flava L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 942 (1753), ed. 2, 1336 (1768); Forst., Pl. N. A. 39 (1771); Poir.,in Lam. Encye. 4: 598 (1797) excl. syn.; Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 207 (1800); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 33 (1805), excl. syn. Mor. Hist.; Pers., Syn. 2: 505 (1807); Martyn, in Mill. Dict. ed. 9, 2: no. 39 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 586 (1814); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 29, 533 (1853), ed. 41, 533 (1856); Provanch., F\. Canad. 2: 566 (1862), not O. flava Nutt.,Gen. 2: 188 (1818) nor Elliott, Sketch.—O. virescens MuwAl., ex Willd. Sp. PI. 4: 37 (1805); Nutt. Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 375 (1824), not O. virescens Zollik., in Gaud. FI. Helv. Satyrium virescens Pers.,Syn. 2: 507 (1807). Habenaria herbiola FR. Br., in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 193 (1813); ZLindl., in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10, 332 (1823); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Torr., Comp. 318 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 347 (1833); Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N.Y. 3: 232 (1836); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 506 (1837); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840). Orchis herbiola Pursh, F). 2: suppl. 743 (1814); Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 3,341 (1840).— O. fuscescens Pursh, F 1. 2:587 (1814); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Elhott, Sketch 2: 487 (1824); Haton, Man. ed. 4,375 (1824); Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1748 (1832), not O. fus- cescens Gmel. (H. fuscescens) nor L.—O. flava var. virescens Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814).—O. bidentata Elhott, Sketch 2: [ 42 ] ORCHIDACE 488 (1824); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 334 (1840); Darby, H. flava Bot. S. St. 526 (1866).—P O. glareosa FRaf., in Atl. Journ. 150 (1832). Habenaria fuscescens Jorr., Comp. 318 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (1833); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866). —H. virescens Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826) as to syn.; Sw., Adnot. Bot. 46 (1829); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 347 (1833); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 499 (1867), ed. 6, 507 (1890); Gray, Field, For. & Gard. Bot. ed. 1, 325 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Hall, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 4: 14 (1873); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878); J. Rob- inson, F'1. Essex Co. 107 (1880); Gray, in Bot. Gaz. 5: 63 (1880); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Ward, F1. Wash. 119 (1881); Pl. Mald. & Medf. 11 (1881); Day, Pl. Buffalo 139 (1882); Per- kins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Jackson, Fl. Worcester Co. 32 (1883); Upham, F 1. Minn. 139 (1884); Tracy, Fl. Mo. 84 (1886); Brendel, F 1. Peor. 60 (1887); Gattinger, Tenn. Fl. 83 (1887); Dame & Collins, Fl. Middlesex 102 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4: 18 (1888); Macoun, Check-list 53 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 98, fig. 29 (1894); Galen, Fl. Lane. Co. 15 (1898); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Andrews, in Rho. 2: 114 (1900); Knowlton, in Rho. 2: 124 (1900); Willams, in Rho. 4: 18 (1902); Bissell & Andrews, FI. Southington 36 (1902); Mathews, Field-book, 84, fig. (1902); LL. O. Eaton, in Rho. 5: 82 (1903). Orchis scutellata Nutt., in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. s. 5: 161 (1834). Platanthera herbiola Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 287 (1835) ; Hooker, F). Bor. Am. 2: 197 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: [ 43 ] ORCHIDACEH H. flava 351 (1841).—P. flava Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 293 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 275 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 471 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 3, 445 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 8, 311 (1853); Green & Congd., Class-book, 208 (1855); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 347 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Chapm. F1. S. U.S. ed. 1, 459 (1860), ed. 2, 459 (1884), ed. 8, 486 (1897); Hervey, Cat. 17 (1860); Wood, Class-book, 684 (1861) (in part?); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Zacy, Essex FI. 81 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 170 (1898). Peristylus virescens Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 298 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 306 (1841). Tulotis fuscescens and T. herbiola Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 37 (1836). Perularia virescens Gray, in Bot. Gaz. 5: 63 (1880); Dud- ley, Cayuga Flora 95 (1886); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 277 (1888).— P. flava Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 292 (1901); Farwell, Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2: 42 (1901); House, in Torreya 8: 51 (1903); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 312 (1908), in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 92 (1908). Platanthera fuscescens Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 637 (1899), 943 (1901), in part as to Am. syn. Excl. H. Elhotti, H. integra, H. micrantha, Gymnadenia flava, Orchis integra, O. fuscescens, and Perularia fuscescens. Orchis flava: “14, ORCHIS bulbis palmatis, nectarii cornu filiformi longi- tudine germinis, labio trifido integerrimo. Gron. virg. 183. «Habitat in Virginia 2. “Folia inferiora, palmaria, lanceolata, magna. Spica angusta ; Flores obsolete lutei.” L. Sp. Pl. 944. Habenaria flava is represented by two forms, one of which is | common in the northern United States. That these forms are [ 44 ] ORCHIDACEA specifically or even varietally distinct from one another is very H. flava doubtful. The specimens in the Linnean and Gronovian herbaria are comparable to the specimens with elongated racemes fre- quently found in the South and Southwest. The specimen in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew which represents Platanthera her- biola Lindl. is comparable to the form with congested racemes not uncommon in the New England states. The erect horn on the labellum of this species is very characteristic. NOVA SCOTIA, Guyssoroven County Low places along the river, Boylston, July, 1891, Dr. Chas. A. Hamilton (2, 3, 6). QUEBEC By outlet of Lake Champlain, July 20, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7). ONTARIO, Hastines County Meadows along Crow River, July 18, 1867, J. Macoun (6, 16). WELLINGTon Co.: Wet woods, Snell’s Lake, Edmonton, July 4, 1891, Jas. White (6). Livcotn Co.: Woods near the Whirlpool, July 1, 1894, 2. Cameron (6). Essex Co.: Sandwich, June 22, 1860, Wm. Boott (3). MAINE, Piscataquis County Howard, Susan M. Hallowell (2). Franxin Co.: Dry field, poor soil, Chesterville, July 18, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1); sterile field, South Chesterville, July 15, 1902, Lillian € Eaton (1). York Co.: North Parsonsfield, July 2, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE, RockincHam County Hampton Falls, July 12, 1896, A. 4. Eaton (1). VERMONT, Frankiin County Highgate Springs, July 25, 1901, E. Brainerd (1). Winpuam Co.: Banks of West River, South Londonderry, July 4, 1895, W. W. Eggleston (3, 5). MASSACHUSETTS, Essex County ; Ipswich, Oakes (4); bogs, Ipswich, July 7, 1876, Thos. Morong (8); wet meadows among grass, Ipswich, July, 1875, Morong (2). [ 45 ] Hi. flava ORCHIDACE# Mipp.gsex Co.: Meadow, foot of Ball’s Hill, July 13, 1893, Walter Deane (1, 3).—A wet swale near Iron Pond, Woburn, July 2,1871, Wm. Boott(3). Surrotk Co.: Spring St., meadow, West Roxbury, June 26 and July 2, 1888, Faxon (2, 3). Prymoutu Co.: Egypt, July 10, 1900, J. G. Hail (1).—Brockton, June 24, 1902, Carl Blomberg (1). Bristot Co.: North Easton, July, 1889, Blomberg (1); July 4, 1904, Blom- berg (1); June 19, 1902, Blomberg (1).—Damp meadow, July 25, 1905, A. A. Eaton (1).—Along Canoe River, common, Norton, June 11, 1905, O. Ames (1). RHODE ISLAND, ProvipEnce County Cranston, June, 1844, Geo. Thurber (3). CONNECTICUT Chas. Wright (4). Hartrorp Co.: East Hartford, 1900, 4. W. Driggs (3).—Low meadows Southington, July 8, 1893, C. H. Bissell (no. 579) (3). MippteseEx Co.: Middletown, June, 1835, S. B. Buckley (4). New Haven Co.: New Haven, D. C. Eaton (5); June 30, 1885, 4. L. Winton (3). Farrrietp Co.: Green’s Farms, June 22, 1894, C. L. Pollard (no. 79) (2). NEW YORK Salt marsh, Long Island, June 16, 1877, Addison Brown (16). JEFFERSON Co.: Black River, July 26, 1887, J. Porter (6).— Watertown, A. Gray (8). Osweco Co. : Lake Neahtowanah, Fulton, June 30, 1887, W. W. Rowlee (4); June 30, 1887, F. V. Coville (2). Ononpaca Co.: Near Syracuse, 7’. Marshall Fry (1). Mapison Co.: Low meadow, among bushes and weeds near Oneida Creek, August, 1903, H. D. House (18). QurEEns Co.: Damp sultry place, Inwood, May, 1865, W. W. Denslow (6). NEW JERSEY High Point, July 4, 1890, Dr. & Mrs. N. L. Britton (6). Sussex Co.: Wet meadows, Cranberry Lake, June 26, 1904, Kenneth K. Mackenzie (no. 783) (1). Bercen Co.: Meadows, Closter, June 17, 1865, C. F. Parker (4). Essex Co.: Millburn, July, 1879, H. H. Rusby (10). [ 46 ] ORCHIDACEA PENNSYLVANIA, Lancaster Country Pleasant Grove, June 19, 1889, John K. Smail (6). CuesTEr Co.: Meadows, June, 1861, Wm. M. Canby (16). — West Chester, TS: D. (?) (4). De tawarkeE Co.: (2). DELAWARE, New Caste County Meadows, Granogue, June 29, 1894, FE. Tatnall (3).—Meadows on Red Clay Creek above Falkland, June, 1874, Wm. M. Canby (16). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Wet woods on Eastern Branch at Bennings, July 15, 1899, E. S. Steele (2); June 16, 1881, L. F. Ward (2).—Jn vicinis Washington, August, 1878, J. W. Chickering, Jr. (6); June 20, 1880, L. F. Ward (2). VIRGINIA, ALexanpria County Hunting Creek, June 15, 1879, Lester F. Ward (2); June 20, 1880, Ward (2, 8).— Hunting Creek and Mt. Vernon Road, Alexandria, August 28, 1904, Philip Dowell (no. 3317) (2). NORTH CAROLINA, Buncomse Country Wet places, Biltmore, June 5, 1896 (Biltmore no. 1218) (2, 4, 5).— Mountain bogs (2500 ft. elevation) near Biltmore, June 22, 1897 (Biltmore no. 1218b) (2, 3, 4, 5). Jackson Co.: Cullowhee, 1887, Roland Thaxter (3). SOUTH CAROLINA, Berxetrty County Santee Canal, July, H. W. Ravenel (3). GEORGIA Chapman (4). Fioyp Co.: Rome, Chapman (5). Earty Co.: Swamp of Blue Creek about 4 miles southeast of Blakely, August 1, 1903, Roland M. Harper (no. 1909) (1). Dexats Co.: Woods near East Lake, alt. 1025 ft., July 14, 1900, Percy Wilson (no. 54) (2). CuatTuam Co.;: (H. calycina n. sp.) nm sylvis at ripes fl. Savannah (Hb. Bernhardi) (4). Sumrer Co.: Muckalee Creek, swamp above Americus, July 30, 1901, Harper (no. 1141) (2, 4). FLORIDA, Duvat Country Wooded tidal swamps, May (1877?), 4. H. Curtiss (no. 2776) (3, 4).— [ 47 ] HI. flava H.. flava ORCHIDACE Swamp near Jacksonville, May 19, 1894, 4. H. Curtiss (no. 4775) (2). Frankiin Co.: Common in marshes, Apalachicola, August 14, 1897, B. F. Bush (no. 89) (4). Sr. Joun Co.: “The southern form with only two large leaves,’ Chapm.” — Head of Pellicier’s Creek, August 31, 188-, Miss Reynolds (16). Levy Co.: Wet cypress swamps, Gulf Hammock, 1877, 4. P. Garber (no. 191) (3); November, 1877, Garber (no. 311) (5, 16). OrancE Co.: Oviedo, first week in November, 1903, 7’. L. Mead (1). ALABAMA, Leer County Rich woods, Auburn, May 9, 1896, F’. S. Earle & L. M. Underwood (12). TENNESSEE, Cuester County Bottoms, Henderson, August, 1892, S. M. Bain (no. 137) (2, 8). WEST VIRGINIA, Summers County Meadows near Barger’s Spring, July 13, 1900, E. L. Morris (no. 981) (2). OHIO, Lorain County Oberlin, July 1, 1894 (1). Wayne Co.: Copley Swamp, Akron, June 30, 1889, Dr. Kent O. Foltz (2). INDIANA Barrens of Indiana, 1840, C. W. Short, M.D. (4).—Swales, Miller’s, June 27, 1899, L. M. Umbach (2). Srevsen Co.: West side of Long Lake in open marsh, one mile east of Clear Lake, July 4, 1904, Chas. C. Deam (1). Noste Co.: In low place near Rome City, July 21, 1904, Deam (1). Fountain Co.: August, 1869, Hb. Canby (16). ILLINOIS, Ocie County Oregon, July 25, 1885, Merton B. Waite (1, 11). Cook Co.: July, 1869, Henry H. Babcock (A). MICHIGAN, Kenr County Grand Rapids, June 22, 1895, W. E. Mulliken (5). Wayne Co.: Woods at Detroit, rare, June 17, 1895, O. A. Farwell (no. 1501) (11). Brancu Co.: Algonac, August, 1884, 4. B. Lyons (2, 10). WISCONSIN, Brown County Big Suamico, July 22, 1888, J. H. Schuette (1). [ 48 ] ORCHIDACE/ MINNESOTA St. Anthony Park, July 22, 1888, J. H. Schuette (1). Cuisaco Co.: Center City, June, 1892, B. C. Taylor (1). Goopuve Co.: Zumbrota, July, 1892, A. L. Ballard (2, 5, 14). MISSOURI, Sr. Louis County St. Louis, August 5, 1892, H. Eggert (4). Behind Forest Park, July 6, Eggert (4).— Dry barren hills below Jefferson Barracks on the Mississippi, 1846, N. Riehl (4). Suannon Co.: Sandy places, uncommon, July 22, 1891, B. F. Bush (no. 1467) (4). Howe t Co.: August 13, 1892, B. F. Bush (A). LOUISIANA Hb. Thurber (3).— Red River, Hale (?) (3). TEXAS Drummond (no. 402) (3). Ursuur Co.: Common in swamp, Big Sandy, May 28, 1901, J. Reverchon (Bush no. 2484) (4). 5. H. integra (Nutt.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826); Torr., Comp. 317 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38: 309 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 499 (1867), ed. 6, 506 (1889), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed., 407 (1895); Willis, Cat. N.J. 61 (1874); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Gattinger, Tenn. Fl. 83 (1887); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Britton & Br., Ul. FI. 1: 468, f. 1102 (1896); Gattinger, F1. Tenn. 62 (1901); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 35, 41, t. 16, f. 2 (1905). (Self-fertilized, see Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 33.) Orchis integra Nutt., Gen. 2: 188 (1818); Wood, Class- book ed. 41, 533 (1856).—O. flava Nutt., Gen. 2: 188 (1818), not L. ; Elliott, Sketch 2: 485 (1824); T'orr., Comp. 317 (1826). —O. crocea Ra/:, in Atl. Journ. 119 (1832).! 1 There can be no doubt that Rafinesque’s Orchis crocea is a synonym of this species, as the description fits it well, and as there is no other species with saffron-colored flowers and entire lip. His description is as follows: [ 49 ] FI, flava HI. integra H. integra ORCHIDACEA Habenaria Elliottii Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833), not Rolfe; Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866). Gymnadenia flava Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 279 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 712 (1841); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 469 (1848), ed. 2, 444 (1856); ed. 8, 444 (1859); Chapm., FI. S. U. S. ed. 1, 459 (1860), ed. 2, 459 (1884), ed. 3, 485 (1897). Platanthera integra Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856).—P. flava Wood, Class-book, 683 (1861)! in part (?). Gymnadeniopsis integra Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 293 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 316 (1903). Platanthera fuscescens Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 943 (1901) in part, not Orchis fuscescens L. (Perularia fuscescens Lindl.) nor Habenaria flava Spreng. “4. “integra. Lip oblong, entire, longer than the inner petals; spur longer than the germ, acute at the point; stem leafy, bractes shorter than the flowers. Has. In the swamps of New Jersey. Nearly allied to O. ciliaris and with flowers of the same orange- yellow colour, but somewhat smaller. 6, flava. Lip ovate, entire, partly crenulate; spur attenuated, filiform and about the length of the germ; spike crowded; bractes longer than the flowers. Has. In New Jersey, Z. Collins. v. Ss. In herb. Collins and Muhlenberg. Flowers pale orange- yellow, rather small. Spur widening above.” Nutt. doc. cit. The Muhlenberg specimens, and also those cited by Elliott, are undoubtedly H. integra, as a specimen in Hb. Elliott sent to him by Muhlenberg is this species. ‘**Orchis (or Habenaria) crocea Raf. Stem angular, leaves lanceolate acuminate, spike short cylindrical, bracts lanceolate equal to flowers, spur slender equal to ovary, petals ovate acute, labellum nearly similar hardly longer, entire. ‘Discovered and collected by D. W. Fisher. Very different from O. ciliaris, flowers smaller, saffron color, not ciliated. Slender plant 15 inches high. Probably an Habenaria.” (A. A. E.) 1 Wood cites O. flava and O. nigra Nutt. as synonyms. Doubtless nigra is a misprint for integra. (A. A. E.) [ 50 ] ORCHIDACEA NEW JERSEY HI, integra Muhlenberg (13).— 1864, Wm. M. Canby (3).—Austin (5).—Pine bar- rens, D. C. Eaton (6). Buruineton Co.: Low pine barrens, Atsion, September, 1862, Wm. M. Canby (16).—Quaker Bridge, 1833 (3) (Habenaria Elliottii Beck).— Swamps, August 26, 1863, C. F. Parker (7); August, 1866, Parker (4); September 3, 1867, Parker (3). NORTH CAROLINA, Rowan County Dun’s Mountain, August 18-27, 1894, John K. Small (4). Brunswick Co.: Low pine barrens, August 15, 1884, McCarthy (2). SOUTH CAROLINA 1848, Met Curtis (4).— Dr. Schweinitz (13). GEORGIA, Worrn County Vicinity of Poulan, August 14-18, 1900, Pollard & Mazon (no. 567) (2). Coteuirr Co.: Wet pine barrens about 34 miles south of Moultrie, August 25, 1903, R. M. Harper (no. 1948) (1). Cuartton Co.: Sphagnous bog about 2 miles east of Folkston, August 12, 1902, Harper (no. 1507) (2, 3, 4). FLORIDA 1846, Chapman (4).— Torrey (20). Ca.Houn Co.: Wewahitchka, Chapman (4). ALABAMA Drummond (20). Ranvotpy Co.: Damp, piney woods, Pinetucky, September 10, 1874, Dr. E. A. Smith (12). Batpwin Co.: Low damp pine barrens near Fish River, July, 1878, C. Mohr (12). MISSISSIPPI Tchontica Bouffe, August 22, 1898, S. M. Tracy (no. 5080) (2, 4, 14). Jackson Co.: Not common, Ocean Springs, July 27, 1896, C. L. Pollard (no. 1057) (2, 3, 4).— August 19, 1895, J. Skehan (4). LOUISIANA, Or.eans County New Orleans, Drummond (3, 19).— Prairies, Lake Charles, September, 1906, R. S. Cocks (no. 3125) (3). TEXAS Drummond (no. 406) (3). [ 51 J ORCHIDACEA Hi. integra TENNESSEE Met Curtis (4). Sumner Co.: Mitchellville, September, 1883, Dr. A. Gattinger (8). Davipson Co.: Nashville, Gattinger (16). Corrre Co.: Tullahoma, August, 1867, Gattinger (2, 8). Hi. nwea , 6. Habenaria nivea ( Nutt.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826); Gray, Man. ed. 6, 507 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 407 (1895); Hall, Pl. Tex. 23 (1873); Britton & Br., Ul. Fl. 1: 462, f. 1099 (1896); Harper, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 27: 423, 424 (1900); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 34, t. 16, f. 1 & 3 (1905). (Self-fertilized Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 33.) Orchis nivea Nutt., Gen. 2: 188 (1818); Elliott, Sketch 2: 485 (1824); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 334 (1840). Gymnadenia conica Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 280 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 711 (1841); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 90 (1893).—G. nivea Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 280 (1835) (not G. orchidis, as suggested in Index Kewensis); Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2,1: 712 (1841); Engelm. & Gray, in Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 236 (1845); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 459 (1860), ed. 2, 459 (1884), ed. 3, 485 (1897); Wood, Class-book, 682 (1861); Corre- von, Orch. Rust. 93 (1893). Peristylus niveus Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 520 (1898), 926 (1901). Gymnadeniopsis nivea Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 293 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 316 (1903); Bayard Long, in Torreya 8: 16 (1908). “5. *nivea. Lip linear-oblong, entire, longer than the inner petals; spur filiform, equal, longer than the germ; segments of the corolla spreading; spike short and oblong; lower leaves linear and very long, cauline subulate. Has. Betwixt St. Mary’s [ 52 | ORCHIDACEA and Satilla river, West Florida.— Dr. Baldwyn, who favoured H. nivea me with a specimen under the above name. Flowers clear white, rather small. Lower leaves narrow, a span long, upper ones dis- proportionately small; bractes shorter than the germ. Genitali- ferous column remarkably small in proportion, not half so large as the preceding,} the pollinia are consequently subsessile. Spike rather dense, 2 or 8 inches long.” Nutt. doc. cit. Gymnadenia conica as represented in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew is conspecific with Habenaria nivea. Lindley’s tracing from a flower of the plant collected in Florida by Cozzens clearly re- presents HZ. nivea. DELAWARE, Kent County Savannas near Felton, August 30, 1867, Wm. M. Canby (3, 4, 5, 6, 16). —Felton, August, 1874 (2, 3); August, 1875 (2). NORTH CAROLINA Mountains, North Carolina, S. B. Buckley (4). Prnper Co.: Shady savanna, July 29, 1884, G. McCarthy (2, 16). New Hanover Co.: Savannas near Wilmington, July 2, 1897 (Biltmore no. 5202 a) (2, 3, 5). SOUTH CAROLINA June, 1877, Dr. Mellichamp (4). BerkE.ey Co.: Santee Canal, July, H. W. Ravenel (3). CuHar.eston Co.: Pine land near Whiteville, St. Johns, Dr. F. P. Per- cher (3). GEORGIA 1845, Boykin (3); 1847, Jones (4). Butxocn Co.: Rather dry pine barrens, June 26, 1901, Roland M. Harper (no. 954) (2, 3, 4); moist pine barrens, June 15, 1901, Harper (no. 892) (2). Terai Co.: Moist soil, McRae, June 6, 1900 (Biltmore no. 5202 c) (5). Leer Co.: Leesburg, June 20, 1895, F’. S. Earle (2). Tuomas Co.: Grassy pine barrens near Thomasville, August, 1902, Mrs. A. P. Taylor (1); “‘never really wet places,” June 5 and July 23, 1903, Mrs. Taylor (1). 1 Orchis integra. [ 53 ] ORCHIDACE Hi. nivea FLORIDA Buckley (8, 4).—E. Rugel, 1842-9, Field Col. Mus. — Chapman (2, 3, 4, 8, 10, 16).—1839, Dr. Cooper (3). Santa Rosa Co.: Swamp near Milton, June 23, 4. H. Curtiss (no. 32) (8). Watton Co.: De Funiak, July, 1899, P. H. Rolfs (no. 254) (4). Catnoun Co.: Swamps in pine barrens, Wewahitchka, May, 1896, 4. W. Chapman (Biltmore no. 5202 a) (3, 4, 5). Franxtn Co. : Rivermarsh, Apalachicola, Chapman(Biltmore no. 5202)(5). Duvat Co.: Wet pine land, Baldwin, June 30, 1893, P. H. Rolfs (no. 208) (4).—San Pablo, June 20, 1897, Rev. L. H. Lighthipe (no. 439) (5).— Jacksonville, 4. H. Curtiss (2).— Moist pine barrens near Jacksonville, June, 1877, Curtiss (no. 2767) (3, 4, 7, 8); June 6, 1894, Curtiss (no. 4937) (2, 5, 7, 14); June 9, 1898, Curtiss (no. 1696) (7);near Jacksonville, May 20, 1893, Curtiss (no. 4181) (2). Sr. Joun Co.: Pine barren swamps, St. Augustine, June, July, 1875, Mary C. Reynolds (4, 10). Orance Co.: Low pine woods and sphagnum bog, Oviedo, May 31, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 1026) (1).— Borders of depressions in sandy open prai- ries, Kissimmee, June 2, 1904, Haton (no. 1066) (1). Laxe Co.: Eustis, May 28-June 15, 1895, Geo. V. Nash (no. 1927) (2, 3, 4, 10). Leer Co. : Low sandy place, Ft. Myers, June 5, 1904, 4. 4. Eaton (no. 1096) (1); flat woods, Ft. Myers, June, 1895, D. H. Webber (no. 111) (4).— 1903, J. E. Layne (1). ALABAMA, Mosite County Low open pine barrens, Mobile, July, 1878, C. Mohr (12).—Pine flats, May, 1905, W. C. Dukes. MISSISSIPPI, Jackson County Horn I., June 27, 1901, S. M. Tracy (no. 7530) (2, 3, 4). — Ocean Springs, June 11, 1895, J. Skehan (4); May 8, 1890, Tracy (2). ARKANSAS, Arkansas County Grand Prairie, July 4, F. L. Harvey (3). LOUISIANA Hale (3).—Low pine woods, Clearings, East Louisiana, May, 1883, 4. B. Langlois (5). Catcasteu Co.: Wet prairies, Calcasieu River, July, Dr. Carpenter (3). [ 54 ] ORCHIDACE TEXAS 1843, Lindheimer (no. 190) (3, 4). Water Co. : Low places, Hempstead, 1872, EF. Hall (no. 625) (2, 3, 4, 16). Harpin Co.: Long-leaf pine belt, July, 1884, G. C. Neally (3). Harris Co.: Six miles west of Houston, June, 1843, Lindheimer (?) (4).— Cypress City, Reverchon (8). 7. H. dilatata (Pursh) Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 95 (Jan., 1825); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Tor7., Comp. 318 (1826) in part; Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 231 (1834); Haton, Man. ed. 7, 322 (1836); Z'or7., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 198 (1840); Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38: 311 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 500 (1867), ed. 6, 507 (1890); Rothr., Alaska 456 (1867); Gray, Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 407 (1895); Rothr., Bot. Cent. Col. 51 (1874); Porter & Coulter, Syn. FI. Col. 133 (1874); Rothr., Bot. Wheeler 7,17, 265 (1878); Day, Pl. Buffalo 139 (1882); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Upham, Fl. Minn. 140 (1884); Coulter, Rocky Mt. Bot. 342 (1885); Dudley, Cayuga FI. 95 (1886); Dame & Collins, F\. Middlesex Co. 102 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 277 (1888); Macown, Cat. 4:15 (1888), Check-list 53 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, ¥). Mich. 607 (1891); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 167 (1892); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 69, fig. 20 (1894); Rand & Redf., Fl. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); Holzinger, in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 252 (1895); Britton & Vail, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 203 (1895); Britton & Br., Ml. F1.1: 462,f.1101 (1896); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2:708 (1900); Andrews, in Rho. 2: 115 (1900); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Howell, Fl. Nw. Amer. 628 (1902); Mathews, Field-book 86 (1902); Andrews, in Rho. 4: 80 (1902); Kennedy, F]. Willoughby in Rho. 6:111 (1904); Jedlffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 39, t. 17, f. 2 & t.18 (1905), “ es dilatata Wats., Bot. King 340 H. nivea H. dilatata ORCHIDACEA H. dilatata (1871) (=H. leucostachys), not Mecosa dilatata Bl. (July, 1825) (= Platanthera Blumu Lindl.). Orchis dilatata Pursh, F]. 2: 588 (1814); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 376 (1824); Big., F1. Bost. ed. 2, 319 (1824), ed. 8, 342 (1840) in part; Wood, Class-book, ed. 41, 533 (1856); Provanch., F). Canad. 2: 566 (1862).—O. acuta Banks, in herb. according to Pursh, Joc. cit. (verified October, 1905).— O.agastachys Fischer,inMS.—?O. convallariz folia Fischer, in MS.—O. hyperborea var. dilatata Oakes, in Thompson's Vt. 199 (1858). Platanthera cylindrica de la Pylaie, in Mém. Soc. Linn. Par. 4: 503 (18262). Habenaria borealis var. albiflora Cham., in Linnea 3: 28 (1828). Platanthera graminea Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 289 (1835); Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1839), not Hl. graminea Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 690 (1826), nor Lindl., loc. cit. 292, nor Macoun, Cat. 4: 15 (=H. sparsiflora).—P. dilatata Lindl., ex Beck Bot. ed. 1, 847 (1838), ed. 2, 347 (1856) in part; Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 287 (1835) in part; Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 198 (1839), with var. angustifolia ; Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 361 (1840); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Zorr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 276 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 471 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 3, 445 (1859); Torr., in Emory Mex. Bound. Surv. 213 (1859); Wood, Class-book 684 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 169 (1893); Kurtz, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 19: 408 (1895); Andrews, in Rho. 4: 79 (1902).—P. Lindleyi Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841). —P.hyperborea var. graminea Reichb. f.,Orch. Eur. 126,t. 81 (488), f. II, 4-8 (1851); Reichb. f., in Walp. Amn. 3: 582 (1852). —P. borealis Reichb. f., Orch. Eur. 125, t.'79 (481), £1, 1 & 2 [ 56 ] ORCHIDACE (1851).— P. convallarizfolia Reichb. f., Orch. Eur. 127 (in H. dilatata part?), t. 79 (431), f. II, 3 & 4 (1851).—P. dilatata a albiflora Ledeb., F1. Ross. 4: 71 (1853).—P. gracilis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 24: 189 (1897), not Lindl. Habenaria dilatatiformis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 24: 189 (1897), excl. syn.—H. gracilis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. C]. 24: 189 (1897), not Wats.— H. Cooperi Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899), not Wats.—H. pedicellata Krdanzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899), not Wats. Limnorchis dilatatiformis Rydb.,in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 105 (1900); Farr, in Contr. Bot. Lab. Univ. Pa. 3: 28 (1907). —L. dilatata Rydb.,in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 608, 622 (1901); House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903); Small, in Porter’s F]. Pa. 93 (1908); Piper, Fl. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906).—L. dilatata linearifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 623 (1901); House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903), Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 32:377 (1905).—L. fragrans Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 623 (1901) ; Andrews, in Rho. 4: 80 (1902).—L. borealis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 621 (1901).—L. foliosa Rydb., loc. cit. 622 (1901).—L. leptoceratitis Rydb., in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 162 (1901), Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 624 (1901) in part, according to specimen cited.—L. graminifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 627 (1901) according to specimens cited.—L. gracilis Rydb., loc. cit. 627 in part, according to specimens cited. —L. con- vallarizfolia Rydb., loc. cit. 628 as to Unalaska specimens. Habenaria fragrans Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 253 (1904).—H. media Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 252 (1904). 17. O. labello lineari integerrimo obtusiusculo, basi subrotun- dato-dilatato, cornu longitudine labelli: germine breviore, brac- teis longitudine florum, caule folioso. [ 57 ] H. dilatata ORCHIDACE/ “QO. acuta. Herb. Banks. mss. “In Labrador. Colmaster 2{. v. s. in Herb. Dickson.” Pursh, loc. cit. H. dilatata var. media (Rydb.) Ames, in Rho. 10: 70 (1908), in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 808 (1908). Limnorchis media Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901) in part, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 618 (1901) in part, according to specimens in Columbia Herbarium ; Andrews, in Rho. 4: 80 (1902); Haberer, in Rho. 7: 106 (1905); House, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 82: 877 (1905). This variety is distinguished from the species by its greenish- yellow flowers. From H. hyperborea, with which it is likely to be confused, it is distinguished by the rhombic base of the la- bellum. It is found together with the species. No attempt has been made to distinguish between the white and greenish flow- ered forms in the following citations of specimens. Habenaria dilatata is an extremely variable species both in its vegetative and floral parts, consequently agreement as to what forms it should include is hardly to be expected. In my studies I have examined material both dry and fresh, both wild and cultivated, and I have found no satisfactory characters by which to separate from one another and from H. dilatata the segregates which have been recognized by botanists. The origi- nal or type specimen of H. dilatata preserved in the British Mu- seum of Natural History, although badly damaged, is quite ser- viceable and exhibits a boreal state which differs from the lux- uriant specimens common in more southern localities in nothing but its vegetative parts. The habit of the type is well repre- sented by specimens collected in the Province of Quebec in al- pine bogs on Mt. Albert by Collins and Fernald. Such forms [ 58 ] ORCHIDACE as are represented by Habenaria fragrans, H. borealis var. albi- H. dilatata flora, and Platanthera graminea are merely vegetative variants and are scarcely worthy of even varietal distinction. It is a question whether or not plants referable to these maintain dur- ing several generations the characteristics which have been re- garded specifically valid. It is by no means improbable that the boreal form if transplanted to less rigorous conditions would assume a more luxuriant and taller habit. Dr. Rydberg has reinstated Habenaria borealis var. albiflora Cham. in his genus Limnorchis, and asserts that it differs from Habenaria dilatata in its shorter, more clavate spurs, dull or greenish white flowers, and in the usually smaller size. According to his views H. borealis represents H. dilatata in the Rocky Mountain region. In addition to specimens collected in the North- west by Chamisso, distributed as HZ. borealis var. viridiflora and H. borealis var. albiflora, 1 have examined both dried and fresh material from British Columbia which is well within the range to which Dr. Rydberg assigns H. borealis. In 1904 I received material from Mr. E. Wilson, gathered in British Columbia, which grew very well in the wild garden connected with my laboratory. Near at hand, in the same garden, were numerous specimens specially collected in Vermont and Maine for com- parison with the Northwestern specimens. A careful study of the different sets of plants showed no appreciable difference in the color of the flowers, length of spurs, denseness of the in- florescence, characters of the foliage or outline of the lips. Every peculiarity exhibited by the plants from the Northwest was found in plants from Vermont and Maine. There were two colonies of the British Columbian plants, one in a shaded locality, the other in an open grassy place, where during the morning the plants received the full brightness of the [ 59 J ORCHIDACEZ H. dilatata sun. A similar distribution of the Eastern specimens was ar- ranged. The results of this experiment tend to show that Dr. Rydberg’s conclusions are by no means convincing, and that the differences on which he relies in making distinctions between the Eastern and Northwestern plants are very often individual pecu- liarities of trifling importance. The variation in the conformation of the lips in all of the colonies was remarkable and showed every gradation from rhombic-lanceolate to linear. The spurs, too, both in length and stoutness, exhibited no constancy even on the same plant. The position of the variety /ewcostachys is not so clear as that of H. borealis. It is evident, however, that the length of the spur is the only conspicuous character which may be relied on for its identification. Among specimens from Little Metis, Province of Quebec, collected in August, 1902, by E. C. Jeffrey, there are flowers, with elongated slender spurs, which resemble so closely specimens from California, collected by E. B. Copeland, that it is impossible to differentiate between them without re- ference to the labels. The Californian specimens would without hesitancy be referred to H. leucostachys, while the Canadian plants would be referred to H. dilatata because of their Eastern origin. On the other hand between these long-spurred specimens and the typical form of H. dilatata there are transitions which tend to show that specific distinction is out of the question. Perhaps H. leucostachys should, after all, be referred to the synonymy of H. dilatata. In 1899 I collected near Mt. Shasta, California, a series of specimens which represents both long and short-spurred forms. The short-spurred specimens if found in the eastern United States would be referred without hesitation to H. dilatata. Limnorchis fragrans Rydberg is, as its name implies, partly [ 60 ] ORCHIDACEAE distinguished by fragrant flowers. Fragrance is not uncommon H. dilatata in Habenaria dilatata. It has been detected frequently enough to be regarded an attribute of the species. I have detected it in all the material I have collected, and in the plants from Mt. Al- bert, Quebec, which resemble the type, fragrance was noted by Collins and Fernald. Platanthera graminea Lindl., which Rydberg reinstated in his genus Limnorchis, under the specific name graminifolia, was de- scribed originally by Lindley from Western specimens collected by Menzies. I examined Lindley’s type with extreme care in 1905, and compared it with a rich series of di/atata forms from my herbarium. The results of my examination absolutely con- vince me that P. graminea is nothing more than a slender, nar- row-leaved condition of Habenaria dilatata. In Orchidacearum Genera et Species Dr. Kranzlin reduces Habenaria dilatata to a variety of H. hyperborea. This treat- ment of the subject, while it may appear very radical to Ameri- can botanists, is more comprehensible than the course which Rydberg has pursued in his monograph of the genus Limnorchis. These two authors stand at the extremes in their views of the systematic arrangement of the Dolichostachyez. Krinzlin re- duces species because he finds it a fruitless task to try to dif- ferentiate them; Rydberg multiplies species, using characters which Kranzlin finds inconstant. In my opinion both of these writers have gone too far, yet, notwithstanding an extended study of numerous specimens, many of them constituting the types of the species examined, I feel that finality is hardly to be expected where the Dolichostachye group is concerned until material from numerous localities has been observed under cul- tivation, or at least while fresh and equally developed. Stout- ness and thinness of spur, comparative length of spurs and lips, [ 61 ] ORCHIDACEZ H. dilatata and similar distinctions, are too much influenced by the age of the flowers examined to be seriously considered in the differen- tiation of plants supposed to be distinct. When one studies the work of European botanists devoted to our orchid flora, the fact must not be overlooked that they often had to draw conclusions from inadequate material and were un- able to ascertain the range of variation or the extent and effects of distribution. GREENLAND Disco, Disco Fjord, 69° 25’ N., August 24, 1902, dug. Krogh (6).—Rich damp soil, brook banks, flowers pale greenish yellow, sweet-scented, God- havn, Disco Isl., August 4, 1877-8, L. Krumlein, Howgate Expedition (3).— IIna, 59° 55’ N., 1889, Dna E. Lundholm (6). SUBARCTIC AMERICA 1861-2, J. S. Onion (2). NEWFOUNDLAND In Terra Nova, De la Pylaie (2) (type of Platanthera cylindrica).— Low grounds, July, 1885, R. Bell (6). —Salmonier, August, 1885, 2. Thaater(3). — Banks of Exploits River, near the mouth of Badger Brook, August 12, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (no. 110) (2, 3, 4, 6, 7).—Bogs, Birsby Cover, July 22, 1881, Rev. A. C. Waghorne (4).—Damp meadow near Topsail, Conception Bay, August 12, 1901, C. D. Howe & W. F. Lang (no. 1829) (3).—Sphagnous swamp, Bell Isl., August 12-19, 1901, Lang (no. 1288) (3).—Bogs, Lark Harbor, Bay of Islands, July 27, 1895, Waghorne (no. 15) (3, 4).— Wet field, Irishtown, Bay of Islands, July 28, 1887, Waghorne (no. 2) (3, 4).—Damp soil in open woods, Bay of Islands, August 9 and 10, 1901, Howe & Lang (no. 1121) (3); damp soil, Howe & Lang (no. 1138) (3). LABRADOR Okkak, Fratres Morav. legerunt. Webb ded. February 5, 1854 (3).— Davis, Inlet, August 1, 1892, J. D. Sornborger (no. 76) (3).—Houlton Harbor, August 19, 1891, Bowdoin Coll. Exp. (no. 264) (3). —Makkoirk, August, 1896, A. Stecker (no. 77) (2, 3, 4, 5).—Cartridge Bight, August 28, 1891, Waghorne (6). [ 62 ] ORCHIDACE UNGAVA Southern Ungava, July, 1895, 4. P. Low (6).—Between Sandy Lake and Lake Michikaman, July 19, 1894, Low (6).—North of Cape Jones, Hud- son Bay, July 6, 1899, Low (6). NOVA SCOTIA, Inverness County By spring, Big Intervale, Cape Breton Isl., July 16, 1898, J. Macoun (6). Care Breron Co.: Cold bogs, Louisburg, July 17, 1883, Macoun (6). Guyszoro Co.: Boylston, July, 1890, Dr. C. A. Hamilton. NEW BRUNSWICK, Victoria County Boggy places, Little Tobique River, July, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6). Kent Co.: July 27, 1870, J. Fowler (3, 16). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND In swamps, Tignish, July 26, 1888, J. Macoun (6); July 27, 1888, Ma- coun (2).— Bogs, North Pond, August 15, 1888, Macoun (6). QUEBEC Wet, sandy places, Lake Mistassini, July 13, 1885, J. Macoun (6).— Swamps, mouth of Riviere du Loup, 1860, Wm. M. Canby (16).— Min- gan Isl., August 11, 1887, Wm. Palmer (2).—Cold bogs, Riviere de Brig, Anticosti Isl., August 10, 1883, Macoun (6). GaspE Co.: Peat bogs and mountain woods, Mt. Albert, August 25, 1882, J. Macoun (6); fragrant, everywhere in alpine bogs, alt. 900 and 1050 m., Mt. Albert, August 8-15, 1905, J. F. Collins & M. L. Fernald (1).— Shores of Grand River, June 20-July 10, 1903, Geo. H. Richards (8). Rimouski Co.: Swamp, Little Metis, August, 1902, E. C. Jeffrey (1). BonavENTURE Co. : Goose Lake, New Richmond, July 16,1905, O. Ames. — On exposed silurian rock, shore of Great Cascapedia River, July 14, 1905, Ames (1). ONTARIO, Niptssine District In a peat bog, Catfish Lake, Algonquin Park, July 23,1900, J. Macoun (6). Tuunpver Bay Disr.: In lit. boreal, Lake Superior, Macoun (4).—Michi- picoten Isl., July 24, 1869, Macoun (16).—Pic River, Loring (3). Frontenac Co.: Soughboro Lake, 1886, W. Nicol (2). Hastines Co.: In swamps and marshy woods, July 10, 1867, Macoun (6). Victoria Co.: Boggy places, Ops, August 1, 1893, W. Scott (6). NorTHUMBERLAND Co.: In swamps and bogs, July 27, 1874, Ma- coun (6). [ 63 ] H. dilatata H. dilatata ORCHIDACE/Z York Co.: Newmarket, June 21 and October 13, 1897 (Biltmore no. 2520 a) (5). Huron Co.: Wingham, July 6, 1895, J. A. Morton (no. 3026) (5, 14); bogs, July 20, 1890, Morton (6). WE tincTon Co.: Guelph, June 28, 1904, 4. B. Klugh (1); August, 1903, Klugh (1). Lamston Co.: Near Sarnia, June 19, 1893, C. K. Dodge (6). KEEWATIN Mouth of Albany River, James Bay, July 10, 1901, D. B. Dowling (6).— Albany, July 25, 1904, W. Spreadborough (6). YUKON - White Horse, August 30, 1902, J. Macoun (1). SASKATCHEWAN Marshes and swamps, Red Deer River, lat. 53°, August 10, 1881, J. Ma- coun(6). — Inthe Muskeg, north of Prince Albert, July 3, 1896, Macoun (6). ASSINIBOIA Thickets by a spring, Cypress Hills, June 27, 1894, J. Macoun (6). ALBERTA Shore of Waterton Lake, July 28, 1895, J. Macoun (6).—In boggy woods, South Kootenay Pass, August 8, 1881, Dawson (6).—Red Deer, July 23, 1904, Willing & Fletcher (1).— Mt. Molar Creek, Pipestone Creek, July 8, 1904, Macoun (no. 65,643) (1); Pipestone Creek, July 10, 1904, Macoun (no. 65,644) (1).— Between Field and Emerald Lake, August 20, 1904, Macoun (no. 65,642) (1). BRITISH COLUMBIA Northern British Columbia, 1865-6, J. T.. Rothrock (no. 66) (2). —In swamps and bogs, Tanyabunkat Lake, July 9,1876, Dawson (6).— Maclen- nan River, a branch of Fraser River, July 31, 1898, W. Spreadborough (6). Casstar Dist.: Lake Lindeman, near boundary of Yukon Territory, July 8, 1902, J. Macoun (1).— Boggy places, Swamp River, July 10, 1879, Dawson (3). Carrsoo Dist.: Moose Lake, head-waters of Fraser River, July 19, 1898, Spreadborough (6). New Westminster Co.: Tennant Is]., Queen Charlotte Isls., July, 1897, Dr. C. F. Newcombe (6).—Kaisan, west coast of Queen Charlotte Isls., July 13, 1894, Newcombe (6). [ 64 ] ORCHIDACE# Comox Co.: Bogs near Union Mines, Comox (Vancouver Isl.), June 26, HI. dilatata 1893, Macoun (2, 4, 6). Nanaimo Co.: Damp woods, Mt. Benson, June 6, 1887, Macoun (6).— Westwood spring, June 6, 1887, Macoun (2). Yae Disr.: Chilliwack Lake, alt. 4000 ft., July 12, 1901, J. M. Macoun (no. 65,646) (1); July 24, 1901, Macoun (1).—Armstrong, July 11, 15 and 17,1904, £. Wilson (1).— Boggy places, Craigellachie, July 18, 1889, J. Macoun (6). —Mountains south of Tulameen River, July, 28, 1888, Dr. C. M. Dawson (6). Koorenay Dist. : Springy places, Revelstoke, 1890, Macoun (6).—Springy places, Hot Springs, Kootenay Lake, Ainsworth, 2800 ft., July 7, 1890, Macoun (6).—Glacier, August, 1903, Chas. Schaffer (1). ALASKA Chamisso (H. borealis var. albiflora) (3); 1880, Fischer (4, 21); 1871-2 M. W. Harrington (3).—Karluk, June 30, 1903, Cloudsley Rutter (9); July 25, 1903 (9).—Popoff Isl., July 8, 1899, T'release & Saunders (no. 3284) (4).—Unalaska, Harrington, Dall’s Exp. 1871-2 (4).— Along streams, Iliuliuk, Unalaska, September 24, 1871, Harrington (3).— July 8, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3285) (4). — Kukuk Bay, Alaska Peninsula, July 5, 1899, T'release & Saunders (no. 3286) (4).—Kadiak, Unalaska, &c., Cruise “ Albatross,” 1888 (9); July 1, 3 and 26, 1899, T'release & Saun- ders (nos. 3281, 3282, 3291, 3292) (4). —Disenchantment Bay, June 19, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3280) (4).— La Perouse Glacier, June 18, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no.3287) (4). —Shumagins, Nagai Isl., July 27, 1872, Harrington (3).—Banks, Shumagins, Popoff Isl., June 28, 1872, Harrington (3).—Kyska Harbor, July 19, 1873, W. H. Dall (3).— Bering Isl., 1882, L. Stejneger (no. 51) (3); September 1, 1891, J. M. Ma- coun (6, 7).—Amchitka Isl., Dall (3). — Unalaska, July 25, 1891, Macoun (no. 142?) (3).— Douglas Isl., July 25, 1891, Grace E. Cooley (3).— Along the Ankow River, near Ocean Cape, July 1, 1891, F. Funston (no. 52) (3, 4, 6). MAINE, Aroostook Country Valley of the Aroostook, July 12, 1902, Williams, Collins & Fernald (1).— Wet roadside in spring water, Bicker Brook, near Fort Kent, July 16, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (nos. 151, 152) (1); sphagnum bog, 3 miles west of Fort Kent, July 19, 1904, Eaton (no. 178) (1); sphagnum bog, Fort Kent, July 18, 1904, Eaton (no. 168) (1); bank of St. John at Fort Kent, July19, [ 65 ] H. dilatata ORCHIDACE 1904, Eaton (no. 178) (1).— Cool shore of river at Horseback, St. Francis, July 20, 1904, Eaton (no. 195) (1).— Arbor vite swamp, Mapleton, July 11, 1902, Williams, Collins & F ernald (1, 3). Piscataquis Co.: Lower beaver bog, south fork of Red River, T. 15, R. 9, July 15, 1905, F. 7’. Hubbard (1).—Sphagnum bog, upper end of Mud Pond, July 10, 1905, Hubbard (1).—In moss, open parts of Caribou bog, Crystal, July 30, 1906, O. W. Knight (1).—In locts paludosis, Mt. Ka- tahdin, June 21, 1859, J. W. Chickering, Jr. (16).—Shelves at 4000- 4500 ft., Westwall, North Basin, Mt. Katahdin, July 13, 1900, M. L. Fernald (3).—Howard, Susan M. Hallowell (2).—Sphagnous swamp, Sangerville, August 9, 1895, Fernald (no. 143) (2, 4). Frankiin Co.: Cold swamp, Chesterville, July 18, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (no. 689) (1).—Swampy field, Industry, July 9, 1896, Knowlton (no. 689) (1).—Open swamp, Chesterville, June 30, 1902, L. O. Eaton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Upton, July 28, 1888, J. C. Parlin (3). Hancock Co.: Swamp between Triad and Pemetic, Mt. Desert, July 17, 1888, John H. Redfield (4). Cumpertanpd Co.: Cold bogs, Brunswick, July 29, 1894, Charles A. Davis (2); Brunswick, July, 1839, Aaron Young, Jr. (3); June 25, 1886, E. C. Smith (4). York Co.: Wet woods with H. fimbriata, North Parsonsfield, June, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE Base of White Mts., July, 1885, Wm. Boott (3). —White Mts., Wm. Oakes (2, 3); July 14, 1862, Blake (4); 1874, Dr. Chickering (2); Swamps, July 15,1862, J. W. Chickering, Jr. (16); July 14,1877, Chickering, Jr.(8); Mrs. Thompson (10); Susan M. Hallowell (2); August 14, 1881, Warren H. Manning (6). Coos Co.: Crawford’s, July 7, 1878, Faxon (3).—Tuckerman’s Ravine, July 25, 1889, Clara E. Cummings (4).—Mt. Washington, June 26— August 31, 1876, Wm. F. Flint & J. H. Huntington (4); June, 1885, Miss H. L. Brown (1).—Oakes Gulf, Mt. Washington, July 8, 1895, W. F. Williams (2). Carrot Co.: Cold bogs on mountain sides, June 10, 1874, Morong (6). VERMONT Green Mts., 1877, Ezra Brainerd (8).—Jay Peak, July 6, 1903, E. J. Winslow (1); July 6, 1905, Winslow (1). [ 66 ] ORCHIDACE Orteans Co.; Willoughby, July 11, 1903, Winslow (1).— Willoughby H. dilatata Bog, July 27, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 249) (1).— Willoughby Lake, July 13, 1887, E. Faxon (16).— Willoughby Lake House, July 13, 1887, Faxon (2, 3).— Willoughby, July 26, 1892, H. H. Rusby (10).—Tink- ham’s Bog, Brownington, July 26, 1904, Eaton (nos. 230 and 233) (1); July 13, 1903, E. J. Winslow (1); July 15, 1905, Winslow (1). Lamol._e Co.: Mt. Mansfield, June 25, 1900, 4. H. Howell (2); near sum- mit Mt. Mansfield, July 3, 1896, L. R. Jones (5).—Stowe, June, 1899, Howell (2); July, 1884, C. W. Swan (6). Caeponia Co.: Stoddard’s swamp, Peacham, July 13, 1892, Dr. F. Blanchard (4); July 13, 1892, Mrs. A. E. Stevens (2). Appison Co.: Bristol Pond bog, June 15, 1877, C. G. Pringle (7).— Mid- dlebury, July 1, 1880, 7’. E. Boyce (1).—Lincoln, July 2, 1877, Ezra Brainerd (10). Ruttanp Co.: Cold, springy places, Killington Mt., Sherburne, July 4, 1892, W. W. Eggleston (2). Winpsor Co.: Hay meadow on the eastern slope of a hill, June, 1899, E. M. Kittridge (2). Winpuam Co.: Grout Pond, Stratton, July 4, 1895, A. J. Grout (2); June 28, 1902, W. H. Blanchard (7).—Swamp, West Westminster, June 24, 1902, Blanchard (3); July 5, 1902. Blanchard (7). Bennineton Co.: Manchester, July 18, 1898, M. A. Day (no. 313) (8). MASSACHUSETTS, Mipptesex County Peaty meadow, left side of road to S. Reading, Stoneham, Wm. Boott (3). Frankuin Co.: Cold spring swamp, Sunderland, May 29, 1905, R. G. Leavitt, A. V. Osman & R. A. Ware (1). CONNECTICUT, Harrrorp County East Hartford, Miss Elmore (2). NEW YORK Flowers green, western New York, 4. Gray (?) (3). Frank.in Co.: Axton swamp, July 9, 1899, Rowlee, Wiegand & Hastings(3.) Herkimer Co.: Mud Lake, Warren, July, 1873, Edwin Hunt (1).— Hid- den Lake, Litchfield, June 27, 1901, J. V. Haberer (1); July 12, 1903, Haberer (1). Wasurneton Co.: East Greenwich, 1867, Dr. Asa Fitch (10).—Swampy woods east of Tripoli, May-June, 1893, S. H. Burnham (1). [ 67 ] Hi. dilatata ORCHIDACE Osweco Co.: Bogs, tamarack swamp, North Hannibal, July 9, 1882, O. E. Pearce (2); June 27 and 28, 1885, Pearce (2). Ononpaca Co.: Near Syracuse, 7’. Marshall Fry (1). Onrrpa Co.: Tamarack swamp, Bridgewater, Gray (3). Wayne Co.: Galen, H. P. Sartwell (3, 4). Mapison Co.: Bog beside road, 3 miles south of Chittenango, alt. 700 ft., August 9, 1903, H. D. House (18).—Near South Bay, August, 1903, House (18). GENESEE Co.: Bergen, G. W. Clinton (16). Yares Co.: Penn Yan, Sartwell (9). Tompkins Co.: Mud Creek, Dryden, July 27, 1893 (4). NEW JERSEY In cold bog, July, 1880, Rev. Chas. Hall (no. 486) (2). MICHIGAN, KewEeEenaw County Cold marshes, July, 1886, O. A. Farwell (no. 372) (3).— Clifton, June 15, 1886, Farwell (nos. 371, 3724) (11).— Keweenaw Point, July 14, 1884, F. E. & F. J. Wood (2); 1863, Dr. Robbins (no. 151) (4). Marquette Co.: Turin, July 13, 1901, Bronson Barlow (2).— Michi- gamme, July 17, 1887, Wm. Trelease (4).— Republic, July 17, 1887, Trelease (4). Emmet Co.: Bogs, Paige Brook, August 28, 1897, C. W. Fallass (5). Oaxtanp Co.: Clarkston, July, 1888, G. H. Hicks (2, 3). Incuam Co. : Agricultural College, June 30, 1895, W. E. Mulliken (5). Wasurenaw Co.: Ann Arbor, June 21, 1862, N. H. Winchell (8).— Swamps, Pittsfield, May 25, 1860, D. V. Deane (4). Sr. JoserH Co.: Constantine, June 6, 1890, C. F. Wheeler (2). WISCONSIN, Door County Bogs, Lily Lake, July 16, 1890, J. H. Schuette (1). Suesoycan Co.: Peat bogs, Elkhart Lake, June 29, 1879,J.H. Schuette(1); swamps, August 6, 1892, Schuette. MINNESOTA Rat Lake, July, 1891, F. F. Wood (2). Cuisaco Co.: Lindstrom, August, 1892, B. C. Taylor (5). Betrrami Co. : Sphagnum swamps, Itasca Lake, July 9, 1891, J. H. Sand- berg (no. 1186) (2); bogs, June 24, 1891, Sandberg (no. 1020) (2); July, 1891, Geo. B. Aiton (1). [ 68 ] ORCHIDACE.Z Prive Co.: Partridge River, July, 1891, Sandberg (no. 518) (2). H. dilatata Hennepin Co.: Shady woods on the reservation, Fort Snelling, June 9, 1888, Dr. W. H. Forwood (2).— Peat bog near Minneapolis, August, 1890, Geo. B. Aiton (2, 5).— Minneapolis, 1861, 7’. J. Hale (3). SOUTH DAKOTA, Meape County Gravelly soil, Deadman’s Creek, near Fort Meade, August 23, 1887, W. H. Forwood (no. 339) (2). MONTANA Flathead Creek, August 17, 1899, J. W. Blankinship (1); divide be- tween Flathead and Brackett Creeks, August 18, 1899, Blankinship (1). — Belt Creek, August, 1883, F. L. Scribner (16).— Muddy borders, Ray Creek, alt. 4500 ft., July 9, 1883, Scribner (16).—MacDonald’s Pass, Rocky Mts., August 9, 1883, Wm. M. Canby (16).—Near Hodosis? Coal Mine, August 21, 1887, F. H. Knowlton (2).—Red Lodge, July 29, 1893, J. N. Rose (no. 115) (2).— By streams, Belt Mts., near White’s Gulch, August 25, 1882, Canby (16). Frarueapd Co.: Columbia Falls, July 5, 1894 (no. 812) (2) and August 20, 1894 (no. 519), R. S. Williams (2, 5). Meacuer Co.: North fork Smith River, alt. 6000 ft., July 16, 1889, Scribner (16). Ga.tatin Co.: Spanish Basin, July 11, 1896, alt. 6000 ft., J. H. Flodman (no. 361) (2); July 10, 1896, Flodman (no. 360) (2); July 1, 1897, alt. 6500 ft., P. A. Rydberg & E. A. Bessey (no. 3891) (2, 3, 6).—Fort Ellis to Yellowstone River, July 15-20, 1871, Robert Adams (2); July, 1871, Hayden (16).—Shale Mt., east of Lone Mt., July 8, 1898, Blank- inship (1).—Boggy places, lower basin of the Gallatin, July 6, 1898, Blankinship (1). Mapison Co.: Old Hollowtop, near Pony, July 7, 1897, alt. 9000 ft., Rydberg & Bessey (no. 3903) (3). WYOMING 1872, Hayden’s Exp. (2).—La Plata Mines, August 23, 1898, Elias Nel- son (no. 5095) (3, 4). Uryta Co.: Lone Star Geyser Basin, Yellowstone Park, August 7, 1897, alt. 7500 ft., P. A. Rydberg & E. A. Bessey (no. 3902) (6), (no. 3894a) (2), (no. 3898) (6).—Swan Lake Valley, Yellowstone Park, July 6, 1880, F. H. Knowlton (2).—Boggy meadows, Apollinaris Spring, July 6, 1899, [ 69 ] H. dilatata ORCHIDACEA J. W. Blankinship (1).— Along shady brooks, Continental Divide, July 11, 1899, Blankinship (1). Axsany Co.: Bear Creek, about four miles from Laramie Peak, August 22, 1899, Chas. Schuchert (2).—Laramie Peak, July 22, 1898, Aven Nelson (no. 1706?) (4).—In bogs near alpine lakes, ‘Telephone Mines, July 30, 1900, Nelson (no. 7845) (1, 3, 4, 7). Carson Co.: Ferris Mts., July 24, 1898, Elias Nelson (no. 5090) (5). COLORADO Meadows near Berthoud Pass, July 23, 1881, Geo. Engelmann (4).— Wet, grassy slopes, Berthoud Pass, 1868, Powell’s Col. Expl. Exp. (no. 541) (16).—Rocky Mts., 1870, E. L. Greene (9).— Wet Mt. Valley, July 24, 1892, John H. Redfield (no. 356) (4).—Gore Pass, July 29, 1891, C. S. Crandall (2). Routr Co.: Watton Creek, July, 1892, Alice Eastwood, in part (9). Larimer Co.: Bridger’s Pass, Medicine Bow Mts., 1854, Lieut. Bryan Exp., Henry Engelmann (3).—In wet bog, Chambers Lake, alt. 9500 ft., July 4, 1894, Crandall (no. 475) (2); July 3, 1894, C.F. Baker (1); July 13, 1896, Baker (4, 14). Crear Creex Co.: Subalpine swamps, head-waters of Clear Creek, 1861, C. C. Parry (no. 357) (3, 4). GarFiELp Co.: Golden City, 1870, Greene (no. 555) (3). Gitrin Co.: Central City, 1869, Dr. J. T’. Scovell (8). Hinspae Co.: Near Lake City, 1879, F. N. Pease (no. 155) (3). UTAH 1891, Mrs. W. C. Dodd (9).—High Wahsatch, 1877, J. D. Hooker & A. Gray (3).—Clayton Peak, Wahsatch Mts., alt. 9000 ft., August 12-26, 1903, S. G. Stokes (4).—Echo Caiion, July, 1869, alt. 6500 ft., S. Watson (no. 1152) (3). Weser Co.: Mountains near Ogden, 1872, Hayden’s Exp. (2). Satr Lake Co.: Alta, August, 1880, M. E. Jones (2). Uraun Co.: American Fork Cajon, alt. 7500 ft., July 31, 1880, Jones (2); alt. 10,000 ft., Silver Lake, American Fork Cajion, July 23, 1895, Jones (2, 4). NEW MEXICO Pecos River, August 6, 1898, G. E. Coghill (no. 147) (4). [ 70 ] ORCHIDACE IDAHO FZ, dilatata Santianne Creek Bottoms, alt. 950 m., June 24, 1895, John B. Leiberg (no. 1035) (2).—MacAbee’s Ranch, Priest River Valley, alt. 600 m., July 23, 1900, D. 7’. MacDougal (no. 7) (6). SHosHONE Co.: Region of the Coeur d’Alene Mts., alt. 950 m., June 24, 1895 (no. 1035) (2). Nez Perces Co.: About Forest, July 16, 1896, alt. 3500 ft., 4. A. & E. G. Heller (4). BoisE Co.: Near Sawtooth, July 12-18, 1896, B. W. Evermann (no. 581) (2); July 22-24, 1896, Evermann (no. 636) (2). WASHINGTON 1883, 7. S. Brandegee (no. 1093) (16).—Cascade Mts., 1882, Brandegee (no. 480) (16).— Yakima Region, 1882, Brandegee (no. 482) (4). Kine Co.: Seattle, June, 1892, Emma A. Shumway (4). Spokane Co.: Cheney, Mrs. Susan Tucker (no. 100) (3).— Mt. Carleton, July 17, 1902, Frank O. Kreager (no. 195) (2).—“Fls. yellowish green,” meadows, June 27, 1884, W. N. Suksdorf (no. 452) (3). Cuenatis Co.: Along tide-water, Chehalis River, June 12, 1897, Frank H. Lamb (no. 1199 a) (4, 5, 9). _ Krrrrras Co.: Mt. Stuart, July, 1898, 4. D. E. Elmer (no. 1213) (2). Yakima Co.: Near snow-line, bog, Mt. Adams, August 10, 1882, L. F. Henderson (10). — Wet meadows, 6000-7000 ft. alt., Mt. Paddo, Septem- ber 28, 1893, Swksdorf (no. 2298) (2, 3, 4). OREGON, Union County 1880, W. C. Cusick (1, 3). Wattowa Co.: Banks of Wallowa River, June, August, 1886, W. C. Cusick (no. 1441) (3, 16). CALIFORNIA 1853, Gibbons (3).— Flowers small and green, Mono Lake, 1860-2, Wm. H. Brewer (no. 1835) (3). Menpocino Co.: Pt. Arenas, July 17, 1868, Dr. A. Kellogg & W.G. W. Harford (no. 958) (3, 4). Habenaria dilatata var. leucostachys comb. nov. HI. dilatata Platanthera leucostachys Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 288 passe sees (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 198 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. [71 ] ORCHIDACEA H.. dilatata ed. 2, 2: 851 (1841); Newberry, in Pac. R. R. Rep. 6: 92 (1857); var. leuco- stachys Cooper, in Pac. R. R. Rep. 12: part 2, 69 (1860). Habenaria leucostachys Wats., Bot. Cal. 2: 134 (1880), excl. syn. H. Thurberi; Orcutt, Fl. S. & Lower Cal. 10 (1885); Macoun, Cat. 4: 17 (1888); Coville, in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 4: 201 (1893); Rattan, Fl. 176 (1898); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Jepson, Fl. Mid. Cal. 132 (1901); Howell, Fl. Nw. Amer. 628 (1902), not H. leucostachys? Rothr., Bot. Wheeler 265 (1878) (= HZ. sparsiflora?), nor Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. (= H. Thurberi).—H. dilatata Bol., Fl. San Francisco 29 (1870).—H. pedicellata Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 276 (1877), Bot. Cal. 2: 184 (1880); Rattan, Fl. 176 (1898).— H. dilatata and H. dilatata var. Wats., Bot. King. 340 (1871). —H. flagellans Wats., Bot. Cal. 2: 483 (1880).!:—H. brevi- folia Krédnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899) in syn., not Greene. Platanthera hyperborea var. leucostachys Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899), excl. all syn. but Lindl.— P. Ghies- breghtiana K7dnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899) in syn., not Rich. & Gal.— P. sparsiflora Krénzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 648 (1899) in syn., not Wats.—P. Thurberi var. Grayi Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 643 (1899) in syn., not Wats. Limnorchis leucostachys Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 106 (1900), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 625 (1901); Piper, F1. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906).— L. leucostachys vak. robusta Fydb.,in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 626 (1901); Piper, Fl. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906).— L. Thurberi Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 624 (1901)as to California speci- 1This is the plant to which, under the name H. flagellaris, Kranzlin refers in Orch. Gen. et Sp. It would seem that the ‘‘n” in “‘flagellans” became ‘‘ri” in his manuscript. Ryd- berg states (Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 612) that H. flagellaris was never published, but he does not refer to H. flagellans in his monograph and was probably misled by Kranzlin’s error. [ 72 ] ORCHIDACE mens cited.—L. leptoceratitis Rydb., in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 162 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 624 (1901) as to Rudkin specimen. 16. PLATANTHERA leucostachys. “P. caule folioso, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis, spica lon- gissima densa, bracteis florum longitudine, sepalis ovatis obtusis, petalis membranaceis linearibus emarginatis, labello rhomboideo lineari-lanceolato calcare filiformi arcuato duplo breviore, an- there lobis parallelis rostello maximo plicato.' “Hab. in ora occidentali Americe septentrionalis, Douglas. (hab. s. sp. comm. Soc. Hort.) “Rostellum fere Gymnadenie sed magnum et prominens. Flores verosimiliter albi.” Lindl. Joc. cit. BRITISH COLUMBIA, Koorenay District Boggy places, Donald, Columbia Valley, July 4, 1885, Macoun (6); swamps, July 13, 1885, Macoun (3). Vicror1a Co.: Beacon Hill, June 12, 1893, Macoun (3, 6). WASHINGTON Yakima Region, 1882, 7’. S. Brandegee (no.480) (4).— Cascade Mts. 49° N. lat., 1859, Lyall (3).—1889, G. R. Vasey (no. 77) (2, 3). —1880, J. M. Grant (no. 11) (9); 1884, Grant (2).— Moist ravines, marshes, 5100 ft., head of Poison Creek, September 1, 1897, M. W. Gorman (no. 812) (2).— Nason City, July, 1893, alt. 2000-3000 ft., J. H. Sandberg & J. B. Leiberg (2). —Kuskuskie River, Capt. Wilkes’ Exp. (no. 256) (2).—Open, wet ground, upper valley of the Nesqually, July 10, 1894, O. D. Alien (no. 13) (2:5)4, 5, 6,7). Crattam Co.: Olympic Mts., August, 1900, 4. D. EH. Elmer (no. 2551) (2, 4). Spokane Co.: Mt. Carleton, July 17,1902, Frank O. Kreager (no. 195) (3). Kirriras Co.: Slopes of Mt. Stuart, alt. 545 m., July 24, 1893, Sandberg & Leiberg (no. 576) (2). 1 Lindley’s type of Platanthera leucostachys, collected by Douglas in 1826, is accompanied by a drawing which represents retuse petals. This peculiarity is not characteristic of the flowers of the type. [ 73 | H. dilatata var. leuco- ° stachys H. dilatata var. leuco- stachys ORCHIDACE Kine Co.: Seattle, June 25, 1890, E. C. Smith (4). — Snoqualmie, June 4, 1889, Smith (no. 291) (3, 4). Tuurston Co.: Near Olympia, alt. 500 ft., July 14, 1898, 4. 4. & E. G. Heller (no. 4046) (2, 3, 4, 5, 14). Kuicxrrat Co.: On wet meadows, Falcon Valley, June 25, 1893, W. N. Suksdorf (no. 1356) (1, 2, 3, 4). WattawaLta Co.: Waitsburg, June 4, 1897, R. M. Horner (no. 466) (2). Cotumsia Co.: Near springs, Blue Mts., August 10, 1897, Horner (no. 467) (2, 3). OREGON Cascades, July, 1893, Mrs. R. M. Austin (no. 240) (9).—In marshes, June, 1880, Thos. J. Howell (2, 4, 16).—1871, Elihu Hall (no. 505) (8, 4, 16).—1897, Edmund P. Sheldon (nos. 8660, 8261) (2). Crackxamas Co.: Milwaukee, August 9, 1903, Howell (1). Wasco Co.: Paulina Lake, alt. 2100 m., July 23, 1894 (no. 553) (2).— Wet places, Hood River, June 4, 1883, Joseph Howell (6). Kriamatu Co.: Swan Lake Valley, August, 1894, Elmer I. Applegate (no. 692) (3). Lake Co.: Warner Range, alt. 1900 m., June 25, 1896, Coville & Letberg (no. 30) (2).—Side of Mt. Scott, swamp exposed to sky, alt. 3500 ft., July 21, 1899, M. A. Barber (3). IDAHO Soldier Mts., alt. 8000 ft., July 16, 1895, L. F’. Henderson (no. 3348) (2). —Near Reader Creek, alt. 900 m., July 24, 1897, John B. Leiberg (no. 2747) (2). — Wet places in the mountains, July, 1892, 4. Jsabel Mulford, (3, 4). —Wet land, shade, May 21, Rev. Mr. Spalding (4). Latan Co.: Marshes in woods, Craig and Moscow Mts., June 23, 1894, Henderson (2, 5, 14). Nez Perces Co.: On the lower Clearwater River, June 2, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 288) (2, 3).— Clearwater, Rev. Mr. Spalding (3,9). — Forest, 3500 ft., July 16,1896, 4. 4.& E. Gertrude Heller (no.3436) (2). CALIFORNIA Between Genter’s and the Tuolumne River, 1872, 4. Gray (3).—Shasta (= Trinity) Mts., 3000-4000 ft. alt., September 1860-2, W. H. Brewer (no. 1453 in part) (3).—1875, G. R. Vasey (2).—Southern California, June, 1882, D. Cleveland (10). — Thos. Bridges (no. 356) (2,3). — Deer Park, Lake [ 74 ] ORCHIDACE# Tahoe, August, 1896, Miss M. E. Parsons (9).—Lake Tahoe, July, 1895, Mr. Abraham (9); July, 1898, Mrs. Edward Probert (9); in uliginosis prope L. Tahoe, August 31, 1892, John H. Redfield (4).— Lincoln Valley, July 23, 1901, P. B. Kennedy & S. B. Doten (9).— Hetch-Hetchy Valley, June, 1900, F. 7’. Bioletti (9).—Sierra Nevada Mts., 1875, Dr. A. Kel- logg (9).— School Station, May, 1869, Kelloge & Harford (no. 958) (2). Siskryou Co.: Wet mountain meadow, near camp on Mt. Shasta, August 22, 1880, G. Engelmann (4).— Near Shasta Springs, June, 1899, O. Ames (1). —In grass beside railroad track, Moss Brae Falls, June, 1899, Ames (1). —Foot of Mt. Eddy, 4000 ft., August 17, 1903, E. B. Copeland (no. 259) (1).—Sisson, alt. 3555 ft., June 1-10, 1897, H. E. Brown (no. 320) (2, 3, 4, 5, 9). — Mt. Shasta and vicinity, July 13-27, 1892, Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 2568) (2, 5). Mopoc Co. : Sugar-Loaf Hill Swamp, August, 1885, Mrs. R. M. Austin (9). Suasta Co.: Mountains about head-waters of the Sacramento River, 6500 ft., August 31, 1881, C. G. Pringle (7). Trinity Co.: Canon Creek, July 2-18, 1901, Alice Eastwood (9). Prvmas Co. : Indian Valley, J. G. Lemmon (3) (type of H. flagellans Wats.). — Mrs. Austin (5); 1877, Mrs. Austin (3, 5, 6) ; 1880, Mrs. Austin (2, 16). —Prattville, July, 1902, Mrs. A. L. Coombes (9).—Butterfly Valley, August, 1896, Mrs. Austin (no. 540) (4). Menpocino Co.: 1876, Vasey (3). —Oak Hills near Ukiah Valley, June 10 (1).—Swamp, August 6, 1902, J. W. Congdon (2). Burre Co.: Butte Creek, July, 1896, Mrs. C. C. Bruce (2, 4); July, 1896, Mrs. Austin (no. 6) (4).—Colby Ranch, Butte Creek, August, 1902, Bruce (9). Srerra Co.: 1874, J. G. Lemmon (3, 16). Nevapa Co.: Lower end of Donner Lake, July 13, 1903, 4. A. Heller (no. 6919) (1, 2, 3, 4, 9). Lake Co.: Drew’s Creek, Mrs. Austin (no. 243) (9).—Susanville, four miles below Eagle Lake, alt. 5000 ft., June 30, 1897, M. E. Jones (2, 4).—In the “ Horse Pasture” near the summit of Mt. Sanhedrin, July 20, 1902, Heller (no. 5999 in part) (1, 2, 3, 4, 9). Pracer Co.: Summit Soda Springs, June 12, 1898, Eastwood (9).—Cisco, June 21, 1870, Dr. Kellogg (9). Exporapo Co.: Tallac, July 8, 1897, alt. 6200 ft., Ezra Brainerd (5).— “Meadows,” near Meisner’s Sheep-ranch, July 17, 1897, alt. 7600 ft., [ 75 ] H. dilatata var. leuco- stachys Hi. dilatata var. leuco- stachys ORCHIDACEAE Brainerd (7). —Tallac, Lake Tahoe, alt. 6280 ft., Dr. F. C. Blaisdell (no. 81) (9).—Slippery Ford, summer, 1903, Mrs. F. M. Meigs (9).— Fallen Leaf Lake, June 28, 1900, Wm. W. Price (9). Amapvor Co.: Pioneer, July 13, 1896, alt. 3500 ft., Geo. Hansen (no. 1850) (2, 4, 9).—Tiger Creek, 4000 ft., July, 1892, Hansen (no. 1257) (4). Marin Co.: Sausalito Ravine, May 5, 1870, Kellogg & Brannan (9); woodless ravines, May 23, 1868, Kellogg (9). TvotumneE Co.: Lord’s Ranch, 5300 ft., July 7, 1888 (9). San Francisco Co.: Visitacion Valley, June 1, 1901, Miss E. Cannon (9). —Swamps near San Francisco, 1860-2, Bolander (3). Mariposa Co.: Hopkin’s Creek, above Yosemite, 1873, Lemmon (3).—Yo- semite Valley, June 1860-2, Brewer (no. 1671) (3); July, 1866, Bolander (no. 4936) (4, 9, 16).— Mariposa Grove, July 30, 1893, EKastwood (9). Mono Co.: Mammoth, July 22, 1891, Coville & Funston (no. 1822) (2, 3). Fresno Co.: October, 1890, Mrs. Rawson Peckinpah (2). — King’s River, 1876, Dr. G. Eisen (9).—Sequoia Mills, Millwood, July 18, 1893, East- wood (9); July 16, 1892, T. S. Brandegee (9); July 19, 1892, Brandegee (9).—Pine Ridge, 5000 ft., June 15-25, 1900, Hall & Chandler (no. 150) (4, 2, 9).—Fresno, 1902, Chas. E. Jenney (no. 115) (9). Inyo Co.: Mono Lake, July, 1860-2, Brewer (no. 1834) (3).— Borders of Oak Creek, Camp Independence, 5000 ft., 1877, Dr. M. Matthews (4). — Onion Valley, June 30, 1899, SS. W. Austin (no. 254) (9). Monterey Co.: Point Sur, July, 1888, Brandegee (9). TutarEe Co.: Halstead Meadows, Sequoia Park, alt. 2150 m., August 8, 1891, 7. S. Palmer (no. 2096) (2).— Kaweah River Valley, July 28, 1891, Coville & Funston (no. 1335) (2); south fork of Kaweah River, 4500 ft., July 21, 1904, Culbertson (no. 4245) (1).— Kern River, near lakes, July 16, 1903, Eastwood (9).—Mineral King, July 13, 1903, Eastwood (9). —Grassy swamps, 8000-9000 ft., July 14, 1888, Dr. E. Palmer (no. 223) (2). San Bernarpino Co.: San Bernardino, W.G. Wright (no. 802) (9).—Bluff Lake, San Bernardino Mts., Miss Pettibone (no. 41) (15).— Bear Valley, San Bernardino Mts., August, 1882,,8. B. & W. F. Parish(no. 1521) (3, 4,8). — Edgar Cajon, San Bernardino Mts., alt. 3000 ft., June 13, 1894, S. B. Parish (no. 3134) (2, 4, 9). San Dizco Co.: Along creeks at 8000 ft., San Jacinto Mt., July 22, 1897, [ 76 ] ORCHIDACEAE H. M. Hall (no. 727) (2); August, 1901, Hall (no. 2513) (2, 9).—San H. dilatata Jacinto Mt., June, 1880, 8. B. & W. F. Parish (no. 670) (15). var. leuco- NEVADA, E Lko Country stachys Ruby Valley, 6000 ft., August, 1868, S. Watson (no. 1152 in part) (2).— East Humboldt Mts., alt. 6500 ft., August, 1868, Watson (no. 1154) (3). Wasuok Co.: Base of Sierra Mts., near Washoe Lake, Dr. C. L. Ander- son (no. 7) (3).—Abundant in moist meadows, Washoe Valley, 1901, Grace G. Niles (1). Ormssy Co.: King’s Canon, 1700-2000 m., June 21, 1902, C. F.. Baker (no. 3111) (2, 3,7). Nye Co.: Toyabe Mts., 5500 ft., July, 1868, Watson(no. 1153 in part) (2, 3). UTAH Southern Utah, 1877, Dr. E. Palmer (no. 461) (2, 4, 16). ARIZONA 1881, G. R. Vasey (2). 8. H. hyperborea (L.) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810), in Ait. H. hyper- Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 193 (1813); Richardson, in Frankl. Journ. borea App. 750 (1823); Lindl., in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10: 382 (1823); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 282 (1836); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 500 (1867), ed. 6, 507 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. ed. 1, 325 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Wats., Bot. King. 340 (1871); Porter & Coulter, Synop. FI. Col. 132 (1874); Rothr., Bot. Cent. Col. 51 (1874); Rothr., Bot. Wheeler 265 (1878); Wats., Bot. Cal. 2: 134 (1880); Arthur, in Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci. 3: 2 (1880); Day, Pl. Buffalo 139 (1882); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Upham, F 1. Minn. 140 (1884); Coulter, Rocky Mt. Bot. 342 (1885); Dudley, Cayuga FI. 95 (1886); Brendel, Fl. Peor. 60 (1887); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 277 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4: 14(1888); Britton, Cat. N. J.234(1889); Macoun, Check-list 53 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); MacMillan, Metasp. [ a7 J ORCHIDACE Hi. hyper- Minn. Val. 167 (1892); Rand & Redf., Fl. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); borea Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 69 (1894); Rydb., in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb, 3: 180 (1895), 3: 524 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 462, f. 1100 (1896); Nelson, Fl. Wyo. 181 (1896); Clute, FI. Up. Susgq. 105 (1898); Mill. & Whit., Wild F1. Northeast. St. 556, fig. (1898) ; Saunders, F |. S. Dak. 180 (1899); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, F]. Vt. 80 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Driggs, Fl. Conn. 16 (1901); Bissell & Andrews, FI. Southington 36 (1902); Mathews, Field-book 86, 87, fig. (1902); Howell, F). Nw. Am. 628 (1902); Kennedy, F 1. Willoughby in Rho. 6: 111 (1904); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 36, t. 17, f. 1 (1905). Orchis hyperborea L., Mant. 121 (1767), Syst. Veg. ed. 14, 810 (1784), ed. 15, 854 (1797); Gunn., Fl. Norv. 2: 103 (1772); Oed., Fl. Dan. t. 833 (1770); Houttuyn, in Linn. Pf. Syst. 11:567 (1784); Retz., Obs. Bot. 4: 30, t. 3 (1786); Poir., in Lam. Encye. 4:598 (1797); Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 207 (1800); Pers., Syn. 2: 505 (1807); Martyn, in Mill. Dict. ed. 9, no. 42 (1807); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189(1818); Haton & Wr., N.A. Bot. ed. 8, 334 (1840); Oakes, in Thompson’s:Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class- book ed. 41, 532 (1856); Provanch., Fl. Canad. 2: 565 (1862).— O. Koenigii Gunn., F). Norv. 2: 103 (1772); Retz., F). Seand.1: 628 (1779); Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 208 (1800); Pers., Syn. 2: 505 (1807); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826).—O. huronensis Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818). Habenaria dilatata Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 319 (1824) in part; Torr., Comp. 318 (1826) in part; Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 198 (1840).—H. huronensis Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Torr., Comp. 318 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Haton & Wr.,N. A. Bot.ed.8,260 (1840).—H. borealis var. viridiflora Cham., in Linnea 3: 28 (1828). [ 78 ] ORCHIDACE& Gymnadenia hyperborea Link, Handb. 1: 242 (1829). Orchis dolichorrhiza Fisch., MS. Platanthera dilatata Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 347 (1833); Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 287 (1835) in part; Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 361 (1840) in part.— P. Koenigii Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 197 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 70 (1853); Lange, Uebers. der gronl. Pfl. 628 (1860); Lindsay, in Edinb. Bot. Soc. Trans. 7: 143 (1863).—P. hyperborea Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 287 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 197 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 851 (1841); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 470 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 3, 445 (1859); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 347 (1856); Hook. f., in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1: 117 (1857); Wood, Class-book 684 (1861); Lindsay, in Edinb. Bot. Soc. Trans. 7: 148 (1863); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865) ; Portl. Cat.7 (1868) ; Lange, in Bot. tidsskrift 12: 26 (1880); Hart, in Journ. Bot. 18: 240 (1880); Berlin, in Ofver. K. Vetensk.-Akad. Férhandl. no. 7, 66 (1884); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 172 (1893); Kurtz, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 19: 408 (1895).—P. huronensis Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 288 (1835); Hook., F'\. Bor. Am. 2: 198 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 172 (1898). Orchis dilatata Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 3, 342 (1840) in part. Platanthera hyperborea var. genuina Reichb. f., Orch. Kur. 125 & 180, t. 80 (432) (1851); Reichb. f., in Walp. Ann. 3: 582 (1852); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 641, 642 (1899) excl. syn.,and 1: 943(1901).— P. dolichorrhiza Reichb. f.,Orch. Eur. 127 & 180, t. 80 (432) f. I, 1 & 2 (1851), in Walp. Ann. 3: 582 (1852).—P. dilatata 6 viridiflora Ledeb., F 1. Ross. 4:71 (1853). Orchis hyperborea 6 huronensis Wood, Class-book ed. 29, 533 (1853). ‘Reichenbach f. cites this figure for both P. dolichorrhiza and P. hyperborea var. genuina. [ 79 ] HI. hyper- borea ORCHIDACE H.hyper- Platanthera hyperborea var. major and var. minor borea Lange, Consp. Fl. Groenl. 118 (1880). Limnorchis hyperborea Rydb., in Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard.1: 104 (1900), in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 620 (1901); House, in Torreya 8: 51 (1903) ; Small, in Porter's Fl. Pa. 93 (1903).—L. media Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901) in part, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 618 (1901) in part. — L. huronensis Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 619 (1901); House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903).— L. brachypetala Rydb., in Bull. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 161 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 616 (1901) in part (Tarleton no. 116). —L. viridiflora Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 616 (1901); Piper, F'\. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906); Farr, in Contr. Bot. Lab. Univ. Pa. 3: 28 (1907).—L. major Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 617 (1901). “33. ORCHIS bulbis fasciculatis, nectarii cornu longitudine germinis: labio lineari integerrimo truncato. Konig. « Habitat in Islandia. Kénig. “Caulis palmaris cum spica. Folia alterna, lanceolata, longi- tudine caulis. Spica ovata: Bracteis lineari-lanceolatis, longitu- dine florum. Corolle viridi-lutescentes: Petalum supremum latius, ovatum; Laterala 2 superiora lanceolata, ad primum conniven- tia; Laterala 2 inferiora oblonga. Labium vix petalo longius.” L. Mant. loc. cit. I have been obliged, as in my treatment of H. dilatata, to re- duce several of Dr. Rydberg’s species, as they are founded rather on geographic and inconstant distinctions than on real differ- ences. In Habenaria hyperborea we have, from every viewpoint, a perplexing species which presents many problems. The most difficult point to settle is the amount of variation we are to allow [ 80 ] ORCHIDACE in a species so clearly polymorphic. Many careful observers H. hyper- have expressed the opinion that H. hyperborea is excessively. borea variable, and that it includes not only the form which is repre- sented by the Linnzan type, but the variants which some bota- nists have regarded as specifically distinct. The plant inthe Linnean herbarium is aboreal form of unusual aspect. Dr. Rydberg is inclined to regard it as separable from the plant which has been found so common in the northeastern part of the United States and Canada, and which has been identified as Habenaria hyperborea by the majority of American botanists. On the other hand Dr. Krinzlin is emphatic in his views ex- pressed in his Orchidacearum Genera et Species, where he makes the synonymy of H. hyperborea a repository for the species which are regarded as distinct in most American botanical works. He has been Draconian in his treatment of the species allied to Hi. hyperborea, and of these he has considered as variants several which appear to have no close relationship with that species. The contrast between the views of Kranzlin and Rydberg is so radical that it induces caution in accepting their opinions. They view from diametrically opposite standpoints the phenomena of variation and polymorphism, and consequently they both pass to extremes which are significant and at the same time instructive. In my studies of Habenaria hyperborea I have examined numerous specimens both fresh and dried, and aside from obser- vations made in the field I have kept many plants under culti- vation, where I could examine them throughout their growing season. I am convinced that it is futile to multiply the number of our species by paying close attention to minor traits, such as relative length of spurs and lips and comparative thickness of spurs. When I examined the specimen preserved in the Lin- nzan herbarium I was unable to discover any constancy in the [ 81 ] ORCHIDACE H. hyper- form of the spurs in accordance with Dr. Rydberg’s descriptions. borea Aside from its dwarfness there is no character which separates the Linnzan plant satisfactorily from the slender H. hyperborea of northeastern America. I cannot agree with Kranzlin’s treatment of the species which constitute the Hyperborea group, because I find constant con- spicuous differentiating characters for H. sparsiflora, H. saccata, H. dilatata, and H. brevifolia,—species which he refers to the synonymy of H. hyperborea. It is quite true that all of these species are closely allied to one another, but extreme forms of any one of them appear to be conspicuously distinct. In this group no satisfactory work can be done which is not based on rich series of specimens taken throughout the range. NEWFOUNDLAND Woods, Coal River, July 17, 1896, A. C. Waghorne (2); July 14, 1897, Waghorne (A). NOVA SCOTIA, Vicrorra County Grand Narrows, Cape Breton Isl., July 27, 1898, J. Macoun (6). CumBerLaNnp Co.: Parrsboro, July 10, 1884, J. Fowler (2). NEW BRUNSWICK Kennebeccosis, July 6, 1871, J. Fowler (16). Victoria Co.: By shaded spring, Andover, August 14,1901, M.L.Fernald(3). —Clair’s, July 11, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 107) (1). York Co.: Boggy places, Campbellton, July, 1877, 2. Chalmers (6).— Grass-land beside railroad at Giroux, July 17, 1905, O. Ames (no. 26) (1). QUEBEC Peat bogs and wet cold woods, Salt Lake, Anticosti Isl., August 10, 1883, J. Macoun (6). Bonaventure Co.: Wet red sandstone bluffs and steep slopes between Balde and Baie des Chaleurs, Bonaventure River, August 5, 6, and 8, 1904, Collins, Fernald & Pease (1). — Alluvial thickets between the Forks and [ 82 ] ORCHIDACE/# Brule Brook, Little Cascapedia River, July 29-30, 1904, Collins, Fernald H. hyper- & Pease (1). borea Temiscouata Co.: Riviere du Loup, August, 1902, W. W. Eggles- ton (no. 3005) (1).— July 12-13, 1904, Collins & Fernald (1). Orrawa Co.: In swamp, Wakefield, July 27, 1903, Macoun (6). Hocuetaca Co.: Montreal, July 5, 1904, Rev. Robert Campbell (1).— Wet sand, Lake Mistassini, July 23, 1885, Macoun (6). — Ungava, Fort Chimo, Ungava River, August 28, 1896, W. Spreadborough (6). ONTARIO, Atcoma Disrricr Moose Factory, James Bay, July 1, 1904, W. Spreadborough (6). Tuunver Bay Disr.: Peat bogs and wet cold woods, Lake Nipigon, July 15, 1884, J. Macoun (6). Renrrew Co.: Ashdad, July 23, 1893, J. Fowler (2); July 24, 1893, Fowler (4). CarLeTon Co.: Ottawa, Wm. Macoun, July, 1886 (6). Hastincs Co.: Cedar swamps, Belleville, June, 1865, J. Macoun (16). Onrario Co.: In a bog, Wick, June 16, 1894, W. Scott (6). York Co.: Near Toronto, June 17, 1898 (Biltmore no. 2522 b) (5). — Scarboro Heights, Toronto, June 25, 1892, C. W. Armstrong (2).— Springy places, Toronto, July 18, 1891, Scott (6).— Deep rooted in clay bank, Don River, north of Toronto, August 20, 1897, J. Dearness (6).— Rosedale, Toronto, August 21, 1897, Scott (6). WEL LincToN Co.: Wet woods, Edmonton, June 21, 1890, James White (6)- —Guelph, June 28, 1904, 4. B. Klugh (1); Killean swamp, July 3, 1904, Klugh (1); September 2, 1904, K7ugh (1). Huron Co.: Wet cold woods, Wingham, July, 1890, J. 4. Morton (2, 6). Wetianpd Co.: Wet ground, Niagara Falls, July 1, 1897, W. C. McCalla (no. 333) (5, 6). —Niagara Falls, June 28, 1897, Scott (6). KEEWATIN Mouth of Equam River, James Bay, July 10, 1901, D. B. Dowling (6). —Bogs, Severn River, July 14, 1886, J. M. Macoun (6). MANITOBA 1898, E. .S. Thompson (4). —In boggy places, near Ellice, June 20, 1879, J. Macoun (6).— Ravine at the Insane Asylum, Brandon, July 18, 1896, Macoun (6). [ 83 J ORCHIDACE H. hyper- ATHABASCA borea Woods, Athabasca River, lat. 53° 30’, June 26, 1898, W. Spreadborough (6). SASKATCHEWAN 1858, Pallisser’s Brit. N. Am. Expl. Expedition, E. Bourgeau (3).— In the Muskeg, north of Prince Albert, July 3, 1896, J. Macoun (6). ASSINIBOIA Damp places, Fannell Creek, Cypress Hills, June 27, 1895, J. Macoun (6); Cypress Hills, June 23, 1894, Macoun (4, 6); in boggy places, August 6, 1880, Macoun (6).— Regina, 1893, 7’. W. Willing (no. 2243) (1). ALBERTA Springy places, Red Deer, July, 1895, H. H. Gaetz (6).— Bow River at Calgary, August 21, 1883, J. M. Macoun (6).— Pipestone Pass, Rocky Mt. Park, July 6, 1904, J. Macoun (1); along the Bow River at Laggan, Rocky Mt. Park, July 13, 1904, Macown (1).— Rocky Mt. Park, Banff, July, 1903, N. B. Sanson (1).—Wet ground at Cave and Basin, Banff, 4500 ft., July 10, 1899, W. C. McCalla (no. 2232) (2, 5).— Waste water from Middle Spring, Banff, July 13, 1899, Sanson (6).—In a bog, Elbow Divide, June 22, 1897, Macoun (6).—By a spring, Crow Nest Pass, August 3, 1897, Macoun (6); peat bogs and wet cold woods, July 18, 1883, Dawson (6). BRITISH COLUMBIA, Yate District Boggy places, northwest of Spencer’s Bridge, June 6, 1899, J. M. Ma- coun (6).—Sheep Creek, south of Rossland, 2000 ft., July 17, 1902, Macoun (1).—Boggy places, Sicamous, July 16, 1889, J. Macoun (6). Cassar Dist.: Lakes Lindeman and Takko, June 12-24, 1883, Lieut. F. Schwatka (8). ALASKA Unalaska, Chamisso (3).—Orca, Prince William Sound, June 29, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3294)? (4).—Hidden Glacier Inlet, June 20, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3288) (4).— Muir Inlet, June 12, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3289) (4).—New Metlakahtla, June 4, 1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3295) (4). MAINE, Aroostook County Fort Kent, July 17,1903, Dr.D. W. Fellows (1);swamp back of Eagle House, July 8, 1904, A. 4. Eaton (no. 14) (1); Professor Powers (1); July 10, O. W. Knight (1).—In sun and shade, wet places, in grass and spruce [ 84 ] ORCHIDACEA swamp, back of Eagle House, July 14, Eaton (no. 136) (1).—Wet roadside, H. hyper- in cold spring water, Bickerbrook, three miles east of Fort Kent, July 16, borea 1904, Eaton (no. 152) (1).— Sphagnum bog, three miles west of Fort Kent, July 18, 1904, Eaton (no. 169) (1).— Clay soil, on landslide, shore of St. John River, July 10, 1904, Eaton (no. 83) (1).—Cold, wet soil, shore of river at Horseback, St. Francis, July 20, 1904, Eaton (no. 196).—Clay soil, Ashland Junction, July 7, 1904, Eaton (no. 2) (1); turfy soil, July 7, 1904, Eaton (no. 3) (1). Piscataquis Co.: Wet woods, Dover, September 4, 1894, M. L. Fernald (3). —Greenville, July 17, 1888, Faxon (3); July 19, 1888, Faxon (3). Somerset Co.: Deep humus in cedar swamp, in wet but well drained soil, Madison, July 2, 1903, Eaton (1). Frankiin Co.: Wet field, New Sharon, July 26, 1902, Clarence H. Knowlton (1). Watpo Co.: Moist meadow, Dark Harbor, Islesboro, July 8, 1897, F. Tracy Hubbard (1). Kennesec Co.: Winthrop, 1862, “J. N.S.” (4); 1864, Hb. E. L. Sturte- vant (4).— Augusta, July 7, 1886, E. C. Smith. Oxrorp Co.: Norway, S. I. Smith (16).—Hartford, July, 1892, J. C. Parlin (8). York Co.: North Parsonsfield, July 10, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Coos Country Crawford’s, July 12, 1889, Faxon (3). VERMONT, Orveans County Wet place by roadside, Brownington, July 26, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 232) (1); Tinkham’s Bog, July 26, 1904, Eaton (no. 231) (1).— Bog back of Willoughby House, Willoughby, July 28, 1904, Katon (no. 248) (1); bog, July 11, 1903, E. J. Winslow (1); August 26, 1903, Winslow (1); July 15, 1887, Faron (2); June 23, 1885, Faxon (3); August 15, 1889, Faxon (3); July 28, 1892, H. H. Rusby (10).—Mt. Annance, Willoughby Lake, July 2, 1854, Wm. Boott (3); swamp between West Burke and Willoughby, July 20, 1887, Faxon (3).— Dry woodland, Barton Landing, August 26, 1903, Winslow (1). CatEponta Co.: Peacham, June 29, 1884, June 16, 1892, Dr. F. Blan- chard (4); June 16, 1892, Mrs. A. F. Stevens (2).—Sutton, August 17, 1889, Faxon (3). Appison Co.: Salisbury, July 26, 1903, W. W. Eggleston (1).—Swamps, [ 85 ] H1. hyper- borea ORCHIDACEA Monkton, September 26, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7). —Middlebury, July 19, 1878, Ezra Brainerd (1); Middlebury Mt., June 19, 1878, Brainerd(10).— About a large, cold spring, East Middlebury, June 10, 1902, Brainerd (1,3); July 25, 1903, Eggleston (1). Rutianp Co.: Swamps, Rutland, July 10,1892, Eggleston (2); August 26, 1903, Eggleston (no. 3197) (3).— Pittsford, June 14, 1902, Eggleston (no. 2855) (1). Bennincton Co.: Woods, base of Mt. Equinox, Manchester, July 1, 1903, W. H. Blanchard (no. 23) (3).— Manchester, July 9, 1898, M. A. Day (no. 314) (3). MASSACHUSETTS, Berxsuire County Wet slopes, below sprittg in woods, Mt. Greylock (North Adams), August 7, 1902, Le Roy Andrews (1).— Vicinity of Tyringham, alt. 900 ft., August 14, 1897, Anna Murray Vail (1).— Damp woods, Great Barring- ton, August, 1893, C. L. Pollard (2). HampsuirE Co.: Woodlands, Amherst, June, 1895, E. L. Morris (5). CONNECTICUT Salisbury, June 8, 1903, Mrs. O. P. Phelps (3). NEW YORK Cold swamps, New York, Dr. Gray (3). Wasuincton Co.: About ponds, Fort Ann, August 2, 1892, Stewart H. Burnham (5).— East Greenwich, 1867, Dr. Asa Fitch (10). Herkimer Co.: Litchfield marshes, June, Dr. J. V. Haberer (8); wet places, shade of arbor-vitee, southwest border of Cedar Lake, July 12, 1903, Dr. Haberer(no. 2668) (1); tamarack and arbor-vite marshes around Mud Lake, June 4, 1903, Dr. Haberer (no. 2671) (1).—Frankfort Hill, June or July, 1874, Dr. Haberer (1).— Newport, July 25, 1899, H. D. House (18). Ononpaca Co.: New Syracuse, 1891, F. C. Straub (2). Mapison Co.: Jamesville, July 19, 1905, House (no. 1288) (18).— Wet ground under thujas, Peterboro, July 21, 1900, G. S. Miller (2).— Castle swamp, July 6, 1905, House (no. 1141) (18). OrsrcoCo. : Banks ofthe Susquehanna, Cooperstown, 1867, B. D. Gilbert(4). Atzany Co.: Dry deciduous woods, Alcove, July, 1891, C. L. Shear (3). Yares Co.: Penn Yan, Dr. S(artwell) (4); T. Marshall Fry (1). Tompkins Co.: Freeville, May 25, 1878, Wm. Trelease (4).— Danby, August 6, 1885, F. V. Coville (2). [ 86 | ORCHIDACEA PENNSYLVANIA, Cuester Country HI. hyper- Ex Hb. Wellesley College (2). borea MICHIGAN, Keweenaw County In peninsula Keweenaw, 1863, Dr. J. W. Robbins (3); Keweenaw Point, June, 1886, O. A. Farwell (1).—Clifton, June 15, 1886, O. A. Farwell (no. 3714) (11); wet ground, August, 1884, F. H. Wood (2). Marquette Co.: In swamp of Conifer, Turin, June 27, 1901, Bronson Barlow (2). Mackinac Co.: Common, Mackinac, July 26, 1882, Wm. T'release (4); Mackinac Isl., July 15, 1893, Fritchey (4). INDIANA Low thickets, Miller’s, June 19, 1897, L. M. Umbach (2, 5). ILLINOIS, Wooprorp County Springy bogs, Spring Mills, July, 1898, #. EL. McDonald (no. 3034) (14). Peoria Co.: Peoria, Dr. F’. Brendel (3). WISCONSIN, Sr. Crorx County 1861, ex coll. 7. J. Hale (3). Brown Co. : June, 1885, J. H. Schuette (1).— Depere Ledge, June 10, 1891, Schuette (1). Kewaunee Co.: Kewaunee, July 29, 1892, Schuette (1). SHEBoycan Co.: Damp woods, flowering from the last days of May, Elk- hart, Schuette (1). Dane Co.: Madison, S. H. Watson (16). JEFFERSON Co.: Jefferson Junction, June 24, 1887, Wm. Trelease (4). Mitwavxee Co.: Milwaukee, 1843, J. 4. Lapham (3, 4). RacrnE Co.: Low meadows, Barnes Prairie, July 2,1898,.S. C. Wadmond (5). MINNESOTA, Cuisaco County August, 1892, B. C. Taylor (2, 5, 14).—Franconia, July, 1890, J. M. Holzinger (2). SOUTH DAKOTA, Lawrence County Lead City, alt. 5500 ft., July 8, 1892, P. 4. Rydberg (no. 1028) (2). NEBRASKA Keya Paha River, August 1, 1893, Fred Clements (no. 2865) (2). Sroux Co.: Hot Creek Basin, August 2, 1887, H. J. Webber (4). Tuomas Co.: Wet meadow, on the Middle Loup, near Thedford, June 19, 1893, P. A. Rydberg (no. 1297) (2, 3). | [ J ORCHIDACEHZ H. hyper- — Hooxer Co.: In meadows near the forks of Dismal River, July 12, 1893, borea Rydberg (no. 1297) (2). MONTANA Muddy border, Ray Creek, alt. 4500 ft., July 6, 1883, F. L. Scribner (no. 267) (3).— Upper Madison River, July 16, 1899, J. W. Blankinship (1). Friatueap Co.: Columbia Falls, August 20, 1894, R. S. Williams (no. 812) (5). Lewis anD CLarkE Co.: Craig, June 21, 1900, E. V. Wilcox (no. 331) (2). BroapwarTeEr Co.: By streams near White’s Gulch, August 25, 1882, Wm. M. Canby (16). DeertoncE Co.: Deerlodge, July 8, 1895, P. A. Rydberg (no. 2608) (4). WYOMING La Plata mines, August 23, 1898, Elias Nelson (no. 5095) (2). Uinta Co.:Yellowstone Park, two miles north of Mammoth Hot Springs, August 8, 1887, L. F. Ward (2).—F. H. Knowlton (2).— Yellowstone River near junction Butte, July 9, 1899, 4. & E. Nelson (no. 5744) (2, 3, 4).—Wet shady places, Continental Divide, July 11, 1899, J. W. Blankinship (1).— Mammoth Hot Springs, July 5, 1899, Blankinship (1). —Amethyst Creek, 7500 ft., August 21, 1887, L. F. Ward (2).—Near Firehole River, August 19, 1892, 4. Isabel Mulford (4).— Pebble Creek July, 1885, Frank Tweedy (nos. 492, 493) (2, 14). Bicuorn Co.: Pass Creek, Bighorn Mts., 4000 ft., July 23, 1890, Blankin- ship (no. 235) (1). Fremont Co.: Marshy places, Wind River, July 28, 1881-2, W. H. Forwood (2).—Big Wind River, August 8, 1894, Aven Nelson (no. 725) (2, 3, 4). Carson Co.: Elk Mt., July 16, 1899, E. E. Little & E. M. Stanton (no. 161) (4). Axsany Co.: In open wet meadows, Centennial, July 26, 1900, Nelson (no. 7686) (3, 4, 7).—Centennial Hills, August 17, 1895, Nelson (no. 1706) (5). COLORADO 1862, Hall & Harbour (no. 535) (8, 4, 16).— East River, August 13, 1873, J. M. Coulter (2). Larimer Co.: Swamp border, North Park, near Teller, alt. 8000 ft., August 4, 1884, C. S. Sheldon (no. 180) (2).—In wet soil, La Porte, [ 88 ] ORCHIDACEE 5100 ft., June 25, 1896, L. H. Pammel (no. 340) (4).—Jack Brook, H. hyper- 2600 m., J uly 3, 1901, ’. E. & ES. Clements (no. 240) (3, 4). borea Granp Co.: Grand Lake, August, 1888, K. W. D. Holway (2). GarFiELD Co.: Alpine swamp near Walling’s Mill, August 9, 1870, E. L. Greene (no. 378) (3). Sumit Co.: Near Breckenridge, alt. 9800 ft., August, 1901, K. A. Mac- kenzie (nos. 202, 202a) (4, 5). Crear Creek Co.: Damp places in the valley near Empire, about 8500 ft. alt., July 14-August, 1892, H. N. Patterson (no. 262) (3, 4, 10).—Open grassy places on upper Clear Creek, July, 1861, C. C. Parry (no. 356) (3 in part, 4).— Banks of Clear Creek, vicinity of Georgetown, June 28- August 7, 1875, Patterson (1). Lake Co.: Twin Lakes, July, 1873, John Wolf (no. 964) (2, 4),(no. 965) (2). Gunnison Co.: Crested Butte, August, 1891, Alice Eastwood (9).—Gun- nison, 1889, B. W. Everman (2); 7680 ft., July 7, 1901, C. F. Baker (no. 364) (1, 2, 3, 4). CuaFFEE Co. : Low wet grounds, Buena Vista, 8000 ft., July 5, 1892, C. S. Sheldon (no. 275) (2); 7970 ft., Sheldon (no. 584) (2). Et Paso Co.: Palmer Lake, July, 1890, Eastwood (9). Hinspate Co.: Swamp below Lake City, June 26, 1878, F. N. Pease (no. 73); July 15, 1878, Pease (nos. 79, 154) (8). La Prata Co.: Durango, alt. 7500 ft., August 2, 1896, Frank Tweedy (no. 480) (2); La Plata Mts., August, 1892, Eastwood.— Upper La Plata Basin, July, 1898, Baker, Earle & Tracy (1). Arcuuteta Co.: Piedra, 7000 ft. alt., July, 1899, C. F. Baker (no. 265) (2 in part, 3, 4, 5). Las Anmas Co.: Gulnare, 1904, Alice Phelps (9). UTAH Sandy soil, wet bottoms, Dyer Mine, Uintah Mts., July 12, 1902, Leslie N. Goodding (no. 1328) (3, 4). CacuE Co.: Wet meadow, June 24, 1897, J. H. Linford (5). Uran Co.: American Fork Cainion, August, 1880, M. E. Jones (3). Sevier Co.: Gravel, Fish Lake, 9000 ft., August 3,1894, Jones (no. 5730)(4). IDAHO, Buarne County Marsh, fork of Wood River, alt. 6000 ft., July 25, 1895, L. F. Hender- son (no. 3588) (2). [ 89 ] Hi. hyper- borea HI. hyper- borea var. purpuras- cens ORCHIDACEE Bear Lake Co.: Bear Lake, August 8, 1898, 4. Isabel Mulford (no. Q77) (4). ICELAND Near Akureyri, June 21, 1895, Miss Elizabeth Taylor (3).— Hb. L. GREENLAND Engelskmandens Havny. Godhavn, July 20, 1885, Eug. Warming & Th. Holm (3).— Godhavn, 1870, Bryssen (3). — Ilua, 59° 55’ N. lat. 1889, Dna E. Lundholm (A). H. hyperborea var. purpurascens (Rydb.) comb. nov. Limnorchis purpurascens Fydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 269 & 615 (1901). “A rather stout plant, 3-5 dm. high, with fleshy-fibrous roots. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, acute, 6-10 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, dark green: bracts lanceolate, the lower exceeding the flowers: spike rather dense: flowers 10-12 mm. long: lateral sepals green, oblong-linear, or linear, obtuse, 4-5 mm. long; the upper sepal tinged with purple, broadly ovate, erect, obtuse: petals slightly shorter, erect, purple, lanceolate, oblique: lip broadly linear- lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, purplish, scarcely at all dilated at the base, the edges almost straight: spur scarcely more than half as long as the lip, much thickened and saccate. “This species belongs to the L. hyperborea group, and is perhaps nearest related to that species. It differs, however, in the purple petals and lip and the shorter and more saccate spur. The spur has almost the same form as that of L. stricta; but from that species it differs in the dense spike and the broader lip. L. purpurascens grows in damp woods at an altitude of 2700-3000 m. “Cotorapo: Iron Mountain, 1900, Rydberg & Vreeland, 6414 (type); Manitou, 1900, Fred Clements, 172 ; Georgetown, 1878, M. E. Jones, 314.” Rydb. loc. cit. [ 90 ] ORCHIDACEA This plant when well developed can be distinguished readily by its very saccate spur, but it passes so gradually into the typical form of H. hyperborea that it is not worthy of more than varie- tal rank. Dr. Rydberg describes the flowers as purplish. It is to be regretted that this indefinite term has been used to charac- terize the flowers of a species of the H. hyperborea group. COLORADO July, 1877 (2). Larimer Co.: Mountains, 9500 ft., July 7, 1896, C. S. Crandall (4). Granp Co.: From head-waters of Clear Creek and alpine ridges east of Middle Park, 1861, C. C. Parry (no. 356 in part) (3). Crear Creek Co.: Georgetown, June 27, 1878, M. E. Jones (no. 314) (2). Ex Paso Co.: Ute Pass, July, 1886, Wm. Trelease (4).—Crystal Park, near Manitou, August 14, 1885, Fritchey (4). Dotores Co.: Rico, alt. 10,000 ft., July 15, 1895, Frank Tweedy (no. 126) (2). —Common in wet places at altitude of 9000 ft. and above, west La Plata Mts., June 28-July 8, 1898, Baker, Earle & Tracy (no. 277) (2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 14). (Most of these are characteristic, but some immature specimens are doubtful.) NEW MEXICO Santa Fe Mts., August (1884?), F. H. Snow (2).—Hermit’s Peak, 1884, Snow (15).— Along streams, Mogollon Mts., July 19, 1881, H. H. Rusby (no. 399 in part) (2). 9. H. behringiana (Rydb.) comb. nov. HI. hyper- borea var. purpuras- cens H. behrin- Limnorchis behringiana Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: giana 620 (1901). “Stem low, 1-1.5 dm. high, about 3-leaved : tubers elongated fusiform, about 5 mm. thick: lower leaf ovate-lanceolate, about 5 cm. long and 1.5-2 cm. wide; the upper lanceolate and smaller: spike dense, 3-4 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, the lower about twice as long as the flowers :flowers purplish, about 12 mm. long: upper sepal ovate, obtuse, 4-5 mm. long; the lateral ones [ 91 ] H. behrin- giana Hi. saccata ORCHIDACEA oblong: petals equalling the sepals, broadly lanceolate; lip about 5 mm. long; spur fully 10 mm. long, filiform. (Fig. 9.) “Asia: Behring Island, 1891, British Behring Sea Commis- sion, 143 (type in herb. Columbia Univ.).” Rydb. loc. cit. This is not closely related to any other American species. The type specimens were labelled Habenaria gracilis Wats., with which species it has little in common. Dr. Rydberg describes the flowers as purplish. I think that he must be in error regarding this detail. From dried specimens—the only ones which I have seen—the flowers appear to have been greenish. ASIA, Berine Istanp July, 1891, Grebnitzky (6); August, 1891, Grebnitzky (no. 143) (4). NORTH AMERICA, Arr Istanp (?)1 August29,1891, J. M. Macoun(no. 221) (3,6); August 28, 1891, Macoun(7). 10. H. saccata Greene, in Erythea 3: 49 (1895). Platanthera gracilis Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 288 (1835); Hook., F\. Bor. Am. 2: 198 (18389); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 639 (1899); Prper & Beattie, F\. Palouse 49 (1901).—P. stricta Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 288 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 352 (1841); Kurtz, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 19: 408 (1895); Piper, Fl. Mt. Rainier in Mazama 2: 111 (1901).— PP. dilatata y gracilis Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 71 (1858). Habenaria gracilis Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 277 1The specimens in hb. 6 are not uniform. On the upper half of the sheet are three plants of H. behringiana which, in a note, J. Macoun has attributed to Grebnitzky, who collected them on Bering Island. On the lower half of the sheet are two specimens of H. viridis var. bracteata. The label which originally accompanied these five specimens tells that they were found in boggy spots, Attu Island, by J. M. Macoun in August, 1891. As Macoun’s note refers directly to the specimens of H. behringiana it is impossible to state definitively that they came from North America. Presumably the specimens of H. viridis var. bracteata were collected on Attu Island. [ 92 J im CR NE ND Ca es) Ren SHAN B bine aR tah i eh ao 7 Mi ia Mid vw) " ve Hi i ue 1 ‘ 1 L Leet Puen hy ne HABE NARIA beh ring tana ( Ryab) ORCHIDACEA# Priarte 60. Habenaria behringiana Plants, natural size, reproduced from the speci- mens collected by Grebnitzky (I) on Bering Island, and by Macoun (II)? on Attu Island. 1. Flower, enlarged. 2. Petal, enlarged. [ 93 ] ORCHIDACEX H.. saccata (1877), Bot. Cal. 2: 185 (1880); Macoun, Cat. 4: 15 (1888); Grace E. Cooley, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 19: 245 (1892); Rattan, Fl. 177 (1898) ; Howell, F). Nw. Amer. 628 (1902), not H. gracilis Colebr., in Hook., Exot. Fl. 2, pl. 1385 (1825), nor Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 312 (1835), nor Reichb. f., in Flora 48: 180 (1865).— H. dilatatiformis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 24:189 (1897) in part.—H. stricta Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 24: 189 (1897), not HZ. stricta Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845), nor Ridley, in Journ. Linn. Soc. 21: 510 (1885). Limnorchis stricta Rydb.,in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 105 (1900), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 614 (1901), excl. syn. Habe- naria hyperborea ; Piper, F\. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906).— L. brachypetala Rydb., in Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 161 (1901), in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 616 (1901) as to type ( Wil- liams, Bennett City).—L. gracilis Rydb.,in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 627 (1901), excl. spec. cit. Onton.— L. laxiflora Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 630 (1901) as to specimens Wilkes & Hall; Piper, F\. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 210 (1906). “Two feet high or more, slender, rather conspicuously leafy up to the lax and not long, bracted raceme of green flowers: base of the stem with a single quite ample subscarious sheath: leaves lanceolate, acute, 3 or 4 inches long, spreading; bracts of the raceme linear-lanceolate, surpassing the flowers:lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, the upper ovate-oblong and shorter: lateral petals falcate; lip linear, much longer than the short and thick sac-like spur: capsule sessile.” Greene, doc. cit. Platanthera gracilis Lindl. “P. caule folioso, foliis linearibus acuminatis obtusis debilibus patentibus, spica laxa elongata flo- ribus inferioribus remotis, bracteis angustis acuminatis floribus longioribus, petalis obliquis acuminatis obtusis, labello lineari obtuso calcaris apice inflati obtusissimi longitudine. [ 94 ] ORCHIDACE: “Hab. in ora occidentali Americe septentrionalis, Menzies; H. saccata Observatory inlet. Herb. Hooker. (hab. s. sp. comm. cel. Menzies.) “Caules debilis, 14-2-pedales. Folia 3-poll. longa, parum acu- minata, nullo modo acuta.” Lindl. Joc. cit. I have studied Lindley’s type specimens of Platanthera gra- cilis and P. stricta in conjunction with numerous specimens, selected for comparison, from my own herbarium. P. gracilis is a slender plant with linear, obtuse or acute leaves. P. stricta, on the other hand, is a stout plant with rather broad leaves; ovate- lanceolate according to Lindley’s description. I have found that the only characters which Lindley employed to separate these species are inconstant, and consequently negligible. Aside from these characters used by Lindley there are no others that I have been able to discover which may be used to separate P. gracilis from P. stricta. (PLATE 61.) NORTHWEST AMERICA 1830, Douglas (type of Platanthera stricta in Hb. Kew.). ALASKA 1867, A. Kellogg (no. 132) (9).— Along the Ankow River, about ten kilo- meters above its mouth, July 16,1891, Frederick Funston (no. 64) (3, 4, 6). —On mountain top at timber-line, 3500 ft., also below, near tide-water, about Sitka, July, 1891, W. G. Wright (no. 1559) (1, 4, 15, 22). — Kadiak, July 3, 1899, T release & Saunders (no. 3293) (4).— Bennett City, August 25, 1899, R. S. Williams (22) (type of Limnorchis brachypetala). BRITISH COLUMBIA, Cassrar District Observatory Inlet, Menzies (type of Platanthera gracilis in Hb. Kew.).— Lake Lindeman, near boundary of Yukon Terr., July 8, 1902, J. Macoun(1). New Wesrminster Disr.: Swampy places, Burrard Inlet, July 22, 1889, Macoun (6). Koorrnay Dist.: Glacier, August 21, 1903, Chas. Schaffer (1).—Trail, June 5, 1902, J. M. Macoun (1).—Swamps, Revelstoke, May 28, 1890, J. Macoun (6).—Trout Lake, 1903, E. Wilson (1).— Armstrong, 1903, Wilson (1); in wet land along mountain stream, July 15, 16 and 18, 1904, Wilson (1). [95 J ORCHIDACEH Priate 61 I. Habenaria saccata. Plant, natural size, drawn from a specimen collected by W. N. Suksdorf (no. 2689), California. 1. Petal. 2. Labellum. 3. Flower..Flower and parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. II. Habenaria sparsiflora. Plant, natural size, drawn from specimen collected by C. V. Piper (no. 5090), Oregon. 4. Flower drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 96 ] = —=—_ _—————S ct ee me Crane i | va mit p i a cay) 5 ‘i eae ; ; n BEE “tha ) “A By Bh ae Ne a iy IS | a a pret ndtannaaek PM. a a, 1 Pde > Cetin Watey eh de ES D dulaw ee shied aap > F.Prge z / ij ae ; en ee ne (i ' ‘ys i eal A =~ i ae ewe cal ey j ‘ K Pid (One Ave a RS a “ Pie j ORCHIDACE Yate Dist.: Chilliwack Lake, 3000 ft., June 30, July 11 and 29, 1901, J. M. Macoun (1).— West of Sophie Mt., July 9, 1902, Macoun (1). VANCOUVER ISLAND Rather common in low ground, July 25, 1887, J. Macoun (3).— Marshes, Union mines, near Comox, June 26, 1893, Macoun (no. 2816) (2, 3, 6). —Cadboro Bay, May 31, 1892, Macoun (6).—Little Aulicum River, July 15, 1887, Macoun (6).—Aulicum, July 23, 1887, Macoun (2).— Swamps, Cameron Lake, July 15, 1887, Macoun (6).—Camp woods, com- mon, July 16, 1887, Macoun (3). Renrrew Disr.: Moist places in the forest, June-July, 1901, C. O. Rosen- dahl & C. J. Brand (no. 97) (2, 3, 4, 6); in bogs and swamps, July 19, 1902, Rosendahl (no. 780)(4, 6); August 11, 1902, Rosendahl (no. 912 in part) (4). ALBERTA Emerald Lake, Yoho Valley, Rocky Mountain Park, August 26, 1904, J. Macoun (1). MONTANA Swamps, Flathead Valley, July 25, 1883, Wm. Canby (no. 311) (3, 16). Ga.uaTin Co.: Spanish Basin, 6500 ft., June 28, 1897, P. A. Rydberg & E. A. Bessey (no. 3894) (2, 5); July 11, 1896, J. H. Flodman (no. 362) (2, 4). Maptson Co. : Summit, Great Northern Railroad, July 25, 1894, R. .S. Wil- liams (1). WYOMING In shaded bogs, Iron Spring Creek, Yellowstone Park, August 2, 1899, A. & E. Nelson (no. 6273) (4). COLORADO Sawatch Range, 2500 ft., July, 1880, 7. S. Brandegee (9). Ex Paso Co.: Walton Creek, July, 1892, Alice Eastwood (9).— Moist soil, Cheyenne Canon, June 19, 1896 (Biltmore Exp. no. 522 a) (5). IDAHO, Koorenar County Moist places, Packsaddle Peak, August 6, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 861) (2, 3).—Wet ground along rills, Sept. 10, 1894 (fruit), L. F, Henderson(2).— Along mountain streams, July, 1887, Sandberg (16). SHosHone Co.: Springy mountain slopes, summit of Stevens Peak, 1980 m., August 5, 1895, John B. Leiberg (no. 1478) (2). Latan Co.: July 7, 1893, C. V. Piper (9).—Frequent in cafions, Bald [ 97 ] Hi. saccata H.. saccata ORCHIDACE Knob, Cedar Mt., June 20, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 471) (2, 3).—Cedar Mts., June, 1899, 4. D. E. Elmer (no. 1715) (4).— On moist sandy stream banks, Moscow Hills, June 25, 1896, Elmer (no. 344) (2, 4). Nez Percrs Co.: About Lake Waha, alt. 2000-3500 ft., July 2, 1896, A.A. & E. Gertrude Heller (no. 3354) (2). Lemut Co.: Woods near source of Mill Creek, above Indian Reservation, 8800 ft., August 20, 1895, Henderson (no. 4004) (2). Wasuincton Co.: Seven Devils Mts., 6000 ft., August 5, 1899, Marcus E. Jones (no. 6603) (2, 4). WASHINGTON Cascade Mts., 49° N. lat., 1859, Dr. Lyall (3).—Park River, 1861, Dr. Lyall (3).—Cascade Mts., 1882, Frank T'weedy (no. 337) (16).—Lake Wenatchee, 610 m., August 1, 1893, Sandberg & Leiberg (no. 647b) (2). Sxacir Co.: Skagit Pass, August, 1892, Lake & Hull (no. 624) (9). CriatiamM Co. : Olympic Mts., August, 1900,.4.D. E. Elmer (no. 2549) (2,4). Kine Co.: Green River Hot Springs, July 18, 1888, C. V. Piper (2).—Lake Washington, June 20—July 12, 1898, 7’. E. Savage, J. E. Cameron & F. E. Lenocker (4).—Stevens Pass, 4000-6000 ft., August, 1893, Sandberg (5). Kirriras Co.: Mt. Stuart, August, 1898, Elmer (no. 1231) (2). Spokane Co.: Mt. Carleton, July 16, 1902, Frank O. Kreager (no. 189) (2, 3). Cuenatis Co.: Big Creek prairies, 2500 ft., August 11, 1897, Frank H. Lamb (no. 1401) (4). Prerce Co. : Meadows, Mt. Rainier, 5500 ft., August, 1890, E. C. Smith (4); near Mt. Rainier, August, 1889, Smith (874) (3); rich meadows, 6500 ft., Mt. Rainier, August 1-15, 1895, Piper (no. 2094) (3).—Common in swamps, upper valley of the Nesqually, June 18, 1894, O. D. Allen (no. 76) (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, '7). Paciric Co.: Ilwaco, June 22, 1904, Piper (no. 5001) (1). Yaxma Co.: Damp places and wet meadows, Mt. Adams, July 6, August, 1882, W. N. Suksdorf (3, 15, 16). Skamania Co.: Springy places in mountain forests, July 23, 1901, Suks- dorf (no. 2689) (1). OREGON 1871, E. Hall (no. 504) (3, 4, 16).— Howell (2, 16).—Swamps, Simcoe Mts., July, 1880, J. & 7’. J. Howell (no. 302) (3).—Subalpine stream banks, [ 98 ] ORCHIDACE East Oregon, 1897, Wm. C. Cusick (no. 1738) (2, 4,'7).—Cascades, July, Hl. saccata 1893, Mrs. R. M. Austin (9).—Marsh, Cascade Mts., Hood River, June 29, 1883, L. F. Henderson (10). Wasco Co.: Mt. Hood, August 6, 1881, 7. J. Howell (2, 7). Union Co.: In small mountain stream, July, 1878, Cusick (3). Kiamatu Co.: Bogs, Upper Camp Spring, Crater Lake, August 16, 1896, Elmer I. Applegate (no. 691) (2, 3); moist slopes, Crater Lake, August 22, 1896, M. W. Gorman (no. 503) (2).— Near Pole Bridge, road to Crater Lake, 1730 m., August 12, 1896, Coville & Letberg (no. 335) (2). CALIFORNIA, Mopoc County Hills, in wet places, July, 1884, Mrs. R. M. Austin (9).—Swamps, Sugar Loaf Hill, August, 1885, Mrs. Austin (9).— Head-waters of Davis Creek, July, 1885, Oliver Austin (9). 11. H. Richardii nom. nov. Hi. Richardu Platanthera longifolia Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci Nat. ser. 3, 3: 30 (1845), not Habenaria longifolia Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 324 (1835). “107. P. longifolia Nob. Fol. lanceolatis angustis; flor. viridi- bus: labello lineari, caleare inflato.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. The type specimen of Platanthera longifolia is very unsatis- factory. The lowermost leaf is about 14.5 cm. long, linear, acute. The uppermost leaf is about 9.5 cm. long. The flowers are very difficult to observe, and, unfortunately, few. Measurements of the floral segments are as follows: dorsal sepal 5 mm. long; lateral sepals 7 mm. long; petals 5 mm. long, acute. Measurements of the lip and spur can only be made from moistened material. (PLATE 62.) MEXICO, Vera Cruz F]. verdatre, Pic d’Orizaba 8000, January—October, 1840, Galeotti (type). 1 This collection remains unique to this day. At Paris there is a single individual 2.5 dm. high, without roots; and a good drawing by Richard. No species known to me approaches it closely, although the individual flowers resemble those of H. sparsiflora. (A. A. E.) [ 99 J ORCHIDACEA PLaTE 62 I. Habenaria Richardii. 1. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Co- lumn and base of labellum. (Reproduced from a photograph of the original drawing by Richard of Platanthera longifolia Rich. & Gal.) II. Habenaria nubigena. 1. Flower. 2. Column and base of labellum. 3. Petal. 4. Pollen-mass. (Reproduced from a photograph of the original drawing by Richard.) III. Habenaria volcanica. 1. Flower. 2. Pollen- mass. (Reproduced from a photograph of the original drawing by Richard of Gymnadenia neottioides Rich. & Gal.) [ 100 ] HABENARIA nubipena comb. FiOv:- HABENARIA vo leanica atson i ane 1 vs a av dati ; seid gen marys" we of 7, ‘ oir ha: i rl ye ae Petit etme: hed edad eon ty: 5 ’ * 4 'e F ey = 4 “4 fi ro vj 4 4 é i v (ANN pute 9 inarepnce. case ee re se Debary it Rp Ser mteyree or \) “4 Nig Aa ‘vie a; 7 rity ae! i ‘4 WP Diehhbiee a iy 4 a, BS ; { ey ea iv ’ are ) » 4 7 ee soe Uomne Taga | wr } pe the Lit) ten 7 ry 5 4 Me ett at Sc ee ee , > “ns 4 basen cash DACA A a4 " ne ane a Ad he ime | ee y ea AC rity », ¥ aig ¥) ‘ ‘th . ; r y “ i = : 7 Fi \ . i my ; i a Ht pes He Fates we int ~ "4, an V4 ; (Pan ae ' “ " saksunael wrens | Pi me ua ne 4 me wows rl tht \ eh 6 or TS ’ 4 Wis AN iN i #4 eds Ba wy ; “o fing aan lhl Y i / B ' ‘ a 0 a } ORCHIDACEA 12. H. Ghiesbreghtiana (Rich. & Gal.) Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 805 (1884). Platanthera Ghiesbreghtiana Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 30 (1845); Reichb. f., in Linnea 28: 381 (1856).— P. hyperborea var. leucostachys Krdnzl., Orch.Gen.etSp.1: 642 (1899), 943 (1901) in part. 108. P. Ghiesbreghtiana Nob. Fol.lanceolatis acutis, flor. viri- dibus numerosis: labello lanceolato, crasso subacuto.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. Habenaria Ghesbreghtiana is closely allied to H. brevifola, and may be inseparable from it, but the material I have examined has not been sufficient to warrant a definitive conclusion. The leaves of H. Ghesbreghtiana are 8.5 cm. in length on the type specimen and somewhat spreading, thus differing from the leaves of H. brevifolia which are rarely 7 cm. long and conspicuously appressed to the stem. The specimen collected by Conzatti, cited above, was compared with Richard’s type, and agreed with it in detail save as to leafage. MEXICO, Oaxaca Ghiesbreght (type).* ? CERRO DE SAN FELIPE: Conzatti & Gonzalez (no. 457b). 13. H. nubigena (Rich. & Gal.) comb. nov. Platanthera nubigena Rich. & Gal.,in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845). “106. P. nubigena Nob. Parvula: fol. elliptico-oblongis; flor. albido-virescentibus: labello lineari obtuso.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. The type of this, a Mexican species (Galeotti no. 5257), consists of a single individual 9 cm. tall, with lanceolate-triangular leaves, 1There is one individual of this at Paris and a drawing of a flower and bract, a lip and column and a pollen-mass. (A. A. E.) [ 101 ] H. Ghies- breghtiana HI, nubigena ORCHIDACE H. nubigena about 3 flowers and several buds. In addition to this material HI, sparsi- flora | there is a drawing of a flower, petal, column and lip-base, and pollinium. It appears to be distinct. The dorsal sepal is 5mm. long, 3mm. wide. The lateral sepals are 6 mm. long. The oblong, linear lip is 5 mm. long. (PLATE 62.) 14. H. sparsiflora Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 276 (1877), Bot. Cal. 2: 184 (1880), not Platanthera sparsiflora Schltr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 538 (1899) ?;! 8. B. & W. F. Parish, P|. So. Cal. 7; Macoun, Cat. 4: 15 (1888), excl. syn.; Rattan, Fl. 176 (1898). —H. Thurberi var. Wats., Bot. Cal. 2: 184 (1880). Platanthera hyperborea 6 leucostachys Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899).— P. Thurberi var. Grayi Krénzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 643 (1899) in syn.? Limnorchis ensifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 629 (1901).—L. laxiflora Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 630 (1901), excl. Hall (no. 504).—L. sparsiflora Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 631 (1901). Habenaria aggregata Howell, Fl. Nw. Amer. 628 (1902). ‘ HABENARIA SPARSIFLORA. Stem rather slender, a foot or two high, leafy: leaves narrowly lanceolate, acutish or acute: bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, usually much exceeding the green- ish flowers, which are few (10 to 20) and distant: perianth thin and delicate, apparently spreading: sepals 3-nerved, the lateral ones oblong or lanceolate, 2 or 3 lines long, the upper ovate and a little shorter: lip several-nerved, narrow, linear or lanceolate, 1 That this species, heretofore not reported south of the United States, has been found in Guatemala is extremely doubtful. Probably Schlechter’s identification was based on the closely related H. volcanica, which is common southward, or on H. limosa, which extends throughout Mexico. 2 Kranzlin (loc. cit.) cites P. Thurberi var. Grayi Wats. There never was such a combina- tion. Watson says that ‘‘ Habenaria Thurberi, var., Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 389,” is H. sparsiflora. [ 102 ] ORCHIDACE# 3 or 4 lines long, nearly equaling the narrow spur: anther emar- H. sparsi- ginate; stalks of the pollen-masses very slender: glands orbicu- flora lar: beak of stigma broadly triangular: capsule oblong, sessile, 6 lines long.— H. Thurberi, var., Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. vil. 389. Common in the Sierra Nevada and mountains of northern California; marked by its peculiar habit. The typical H. Thurberi is to be referred to H. leucostachys.” Wats. loc. cit. Habenaria sparsiflora is very closely allied to HZ. saccata. It differs from that species in its more slender spurs and larger flowers. Usually in HZ. sparsiflora the spur is subequal to the lip, and if short and stout is cylindrical rather than saccate or scrotiform. HI. aggregata surely belongs with H. sparsiflora. (PLATE 61.) COLORADO, Arcuuteta County Piedra, 7000 ft. alt., July, 1899 (no. 265 in part) (2). UTAH “Southern Utah, northern Arizona; &c., 1877, Dr. FE. Palmer (no. 460) (2, 4, 16).—Cottonwood Canon, 6000 ft., July, 1869, Sereno Watson (no. 1154) (2).—Jordan Valley, 5000 ft., July, 1869, Watson (no. 1152) (2). Uran Co.: Region of Lake Utah, 1875, C. C. Parry (no. 89) (4, 16). — American Fork Canon, August, 1880, M. E. Jones (3).—Alta, August, 1880, Jones (2). Piurr Co. : Marysville, alt. 8000 ft., August 27, 1894, Jones (no. 5920) (4,5). GarFIELD Co.: Slope of Aquarius Plateau, 9000 ft., July 22, 1875, L. F. Ward (no. 395) (2). NEVADA, Wasnor County Little Valley, 2000-2155 m., C. F. Baker (no. 3410) (1). Esmeratpa Co.: D. Davis Ranch, 7000 ft., July, 1886, W. H. Schockley (no. 506) (3). NEW MEXICO, Socorro County Along streams, Mogollon Mts., July 19, 1881, H. H. Rusby (no. 399) (2, 4, 10). Grant Co.: Spring at Twin Sisters near Silver City, June 22, 1880, E. L. Greene (3, 16). [ 103 ] ORCHIDACE Hi. sparsi- ARIZONA flora 1883, H. H. Rusby (no. 449) (9).— Willow Spring, 7195 ft., July, 1874, Dr. J. T. Rothrock (nos. 209, 269) (2, 3, 16). Coconino Co.: Flagstaff, July, 1891, D. T’. MacDougal (2).—Mt. Agassiz, August 29, 1883, Rusby (no. 833) (2, 3, 6, 10, 16). OREGON, Wasco County Wet borders of Lost Lake, high cascades near Mt. Hood, August 25, 1884, L. F. Henderson (9). JOSEPHINE Co.: In tussocks 1 to 5 inches in diameter, Eight-Dollar Mt., May 31, 1884, Thos. Howell (3); June 13, 1904, C. V. Piper (no. 5090) (1). —In dense tufts, in boggy rivulets near summit of Siskiyou Mts., July 31, Wm. C. Cusick (no. 2933 a) (1).— Upland marshes and springs near Kerby- ville, May 30, 1884, Howell (2, 9, 16). Curry Co. (?): Coast mountains, June 8 and 9, 1884, Howell (2, 3, 6) (type locality for Limnorchis laxiflora Rydb.). CALIFORNIA Foothills of the Sierra Nevada, 1865, John Torrey (no. 511 a) (3).— Flowers and whole plant alike pale green, Summit Camp, Sierra Nevada, July 10, 1870, Kellogg (9).—Near Donner Lake, 1865, Torrey (no. 511) (3). Mopoc Co.: Swamps, Sugar-Loaf Hill, August, 1885, Mrs. R. M. Austin (9). Sisxryou Co.: By streamlets at 7000 ft. in Scott Mts., August 22, 1876, E. L. Greene (no. 1036) (3).—Foot of Mt. Eddy, 7500 ft., August 17, 1903, E. B. Copeland (no. 259) (1).—Mt. Shasta, 6000 ft., August 23, 1881, C. G. Pringle (8,7); below timber-line, Mt. Shasta, August 12, 1900, J. W. Congdon (9). Det Norte Co.: Gasquet, June 21-27, 1903, Alice Eastwood (9).— Be- tween Gasquet and Shelley Creek, June 21-27, 1903, Eastwood (9).— Darlingtonia bogs, Illinois and Smith rivers, June, 1879, V. Rattan (3). Suasta Co.: Lassen’s Peak, 6000 ft., July 7, 1897, M. E. Jones (2). Trinity Co.: Along Cation Creek, July 2-18, 1901, Eastwood (9). Prumas Co.: Mt. Dyer, July 21, 1879, Mrs. Austin (3, 16). Burts Co. : Butte Creek, July, 1896, Mrs. Austin (4); Mrs. C. C. Bruce (2). Sierra Co.: 1874, J. G. Lemmon (no. 679) (3, 16). Pracer Co.: Wet springy places on Truckee River, July, 1886, C. F'. Sonne (no. 20)(9). —Summit,1877, H. Edwards (9); June 8-16,1898, Eastwood (9). Laxe Co.: In the “ Horse Pasture” near summit of Mt.Sanhedrin, July 20, 1902, A. A. Heller (no. 5999 in part) (1). [ 104 ] ORCHIDACE Menvocino Co.: Red Mt., 1869, 4. Kellogg & W. G. W. Harford H. sparsi- (no. 963) (3); swamps, Red Mts., June (1866?), H. N. Bolander (no. flora 6580) (3). Exporapo Co.: Above “Slipping Ford,” Strawberry Valley, 6500 ft., July 13, 1897, E. Brainerd (7); under large conifers, Strawberry Creek, 5900 ft., July 14, 1897, Brainerd (5). Maxiposa Co.: June 30, 1885, J. W. Congdon (9).—Glacier Point, Yose- mite, July 5-19, 1902, Eastwood (9).—Big trees and Yosemite Valley, 1866, Bolander (no. 6251) (3, 4, 16), (type). Fresno Co.: October, 1890, Mrs. Rawson Peckinpah (2).—Pine Ridge, 5000 ft., June 15-25, 1900, Hall & Chandler (no. 139) (2, 4). Tutare Co.: Kern River, near lakes, July 16, 1903, Hastwood (9). San Bernarpino Co.: Mill Creek, San Bernardino Mts., July, 1881, July, 1882, S. B. & W.F. Parish (no. 947) (3, 4, 15).—Deep Creek, July, 1901, Le Roy Abrams (no. 2047) (4). 15. H. brevifolia Greene, in Bot. Gaz. 6: 218 (1881). Platanthera hyperborea 8 leucostachys Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899) in part. —P. brevifolia Krédnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 639 (1899). Limnorchis brevifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 631 (1901). “ HABENARIA BREVIFOLIA.— Stem a foot or two high and stout; leaves numerous, mostly less than 2 inches long, all but the lanceolate uppermost ones loosely sheathing the stem; bracts linear-lanceolate, all but the uppermost exceeding the greenish flowers, which are numerous, in a long, rather dense spike; lat- eral sepals linear-oblong, 4 lines long, the upper ovate; lip linear or linear-lanceolate, entire, rather acute, nearly a half inch long, shorter than the spur; anther retuse; pedicels of the pollen masses slender; glands orbicular; capsule oblong, 6-8 lines long, sessile; root fleshy-fibrous. “Dry southward slopes of the Pinos Altos Mountains, New [ 105 ] HI. brevifolia ORCHIDACEA PLaTE 63. Habenaria brevifolia Three plants, reduced, drawn from a photo- graph of specimens in the herbarium of the San Francisco Academy of Sciences, collected by Edward Lee Greene in the Pinos Altos Moun- tains, New Mexico, July, 1880. 1. Flower. 2. La- bellum and spur. 3. Petal. 4. Flowers, natural size. (2, 3 and 4, from specimens in Gray Her- barium, collected by Greene on dry ground under Pinus ponderosa, Pinos Altos Mountains, New Mexico, September 14, 1880, no. 369.) [ 106 ] AN brevifolia Ka ias\\ Awe’ ”: RL etal ni we oa) i li a GAM tia . esto cine ’ Ca CE $ ‘ A A eR) Ya Oa ter : Ween bsg as (dei ih : Asian vi i) c : Wohi ace ats fk fe , ‘ , ’ ° ee i dh ts & J | ‘ | j — ~ y ' | ¥ ay ite i [ ie } ni , Pigat > f f, yi Maa 10 sha 4 oll / nerd ‘ cal. Wa CS ot Uy ARCnet bee a ery eyahies Cay. AA (PF re a = a ue pane A ‘i ib ii, OP yt ; Mt ad a) yaa Si. Aa eRe ms Did : ane i: J per ] }e ORCHIDACEA Mexico, in open woods of Pinus ponderosa, in flower Septem- H. brevifolia ber 14, 1880. «A striking species, in floral character most like H. sparsiflora, Watson, which grows by shady streamlets in the same region, but of very different habit, being nearly leafless, the foliage re- duced to mere loosely sheathing bracts, their tips only some- what leafy-spreading, and the stout stems flowering from near the ground.” Greene, oc. cit. NEW MEXICO In dry ground under Pinus ponderosa, Pinos Altos Mts., September 14, 1880, Edward Lee Greene (no. 369) (3, 4, 9, 16),(type). Lincotn Co.: White Mts., 7000 ft., August 17, 1897, E. O. Wooton (2, 4, 5). MEXICO, Cutnvuanua Damp soil, Sierra Madre, October, 1887, C. G. Pringle (no. 1374) (2, 3, 7, 16); Sierra Madre, near Colonia Garcia, 7500 ft., August 8, 1899, C. H. Townsend & C. M. Barber (no. 216) (2, 3, 4, 5); August 1-20, 1899, E. W. Nelson (no. 6201) (2). Micuoacan: Mountains near Patzcuaro, October 12, 1892, Pringle (no. 5314) (3, 7). Feperat Dist.: Eslava, Valley of Mexico, 8000 ft., September 7, 1901, Pringle (no. 9626) (3),a single specimen. Guerrero: Top of Sierra Madre near Chilpancingo, alt. 9000-10,200 ft., December 24, 1894, Nelson (no. 2194) (2). Oaxaca: Wet soil, Sierra San Felipe, 8500 ft., August 8, 1894, Pringle (no. 5758) (3); September 12, 1897, C. Conzatti & V. Gonzales (no. 458) (1). 16. H. volcanica (Lindl.) Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 18:159 H. volcanica (1883).— H. vulcanica (Lindl.) Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 806 (1884). Platanthera volcanica Lindl., in Ann. Nat. Hist. 4: 381 (1840), in Benth. Pl. Hartw. 53 (March, 1840). Gymnadenia neottioides Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. [ 107 ] ORCHIDACEA H.volcanica ser. 8, 8: 80 (1845).—G. prasina A. Rich., in hb.— (Cf. Pla- tanthera sparsiflora Schlitr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 539.) “PLATANTHERA (§1.a.) volcanica; caule folioso, foliis ensi- formibus erectis trinerviis, spica elongata cylindracea, bracteis herbaceis acuminatissimis floribus longioribus, petalis ovatis sepalisque obtusis, labello lanceolato obtuso medio subcalloso calcare filiformi triplo breviore, anthera subhorizontali, rostello plano 3-lobo.— M exico: Real del Monte, in agro volcanico prope Guajolote, Oct. Hartweg. «The stem of this plant is from 1 to 3 feet high, or even more. Its nearest affinity is with P. lewcostachya. The sepals are her- baceous; the petals and lip purple.” Lindl. doc. cit. Furthur studies on more material may prove that Habenaria volcanica and H. limosa are conspecific, in which case H. limosa should become the name of the species. The difference in the outline of the lip appears to be the only satisfactory means of separating H. volcanica from H. limosa. In the former the lip is lanceolate, in the latter oblong-linear. (PLATE 62.) MEXICO, Lower Catirornia La Chuparosa, October 17, 1893, 7’. S. Brandegee (1, 3). Cuimuanua: In the Sierra Madre, June 21-July 29, 1899, E. W. Nelson (no. 6151) (2); August 1-20, 1899, Nelson (no. 6197) (2). —Sierra Madre, near Colonia Garcia, 7500 ft., August 16, 1899, C. H. Townsend & C. M. Barber (no. 262) (4). Coanuita: Carneros Pass, Picacho Mts., September 15, 1889, Pringle (no. 2828) (3, 7). Zacatecas: In the Sierra Madre, August 18, 1897, J. N. Rose (no. 2386) (2). Feperat Disr.: Serrania de Ajusco, 10,000 ft., August 18, 1896, Pringle (no. 11,858) (7). Oaxaca: FI. vertes, aotit, sur les roches trachytiques a 11,500 pd., 1840, H. Galeotti (no. 5191) (21),(Gymnadenia prasina A. Rich.).—FI. vertes, Cerro San Felipe, 8000 ft., November, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5053) (21) (type [ 108 ] ORCHIDACE of Gymnadenia neottioides Rich. & Gal.).—Sierra de San Felipe, 10,000 H. volcanica ft., September, 1894, Charles L. Smith (no. 804) (4).—Sierra de Clavellinas, 9000 ft., October 16-19, 1894, Smith (no. 802) (4).—Cerro San Felipe, 9500-11,000 ft., 1894, E. W. Nelson (no. 1065) (2).—Near Reyes, alt. 7500-10,400 ft., October 17, 1894, Nelson (no. 1733) (2).—Chiapas, Ghiesbreght (no. 93) (3). This species has been reported as follows: MEXICO Micuoacan(?): Real del Monte, Hartweg (type). Vera Cruz: Peak of Orizaba, 10,000-12,000 ft., Liebmann (nos. 141, 235, 242, 244), 17. H. limosa (Lindl.) Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 805 (1884). H. limosa Platanthera limosa Lindl., in Ann. Nat. Hist. 4: 381 (1840); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 646 (1899), 943 (1901). ?Gymnadenia propinqua Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 30 (1845). Habenaria Thurberi Gray, in Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 889 (1868).—H. leucostachys Wats., in Bot. Cal. 2: 184 (1880) in part; Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 8: 305 (1884). Platanthera hyperborea var. leucostachys Kréinzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 642 (1899), 943 (1901) in part. Limnorchis Thurberi Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 624 (1901) in part, excl. descr. & Californian specimens cited.— L. Arizonica Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 629 (1901). “‘PLATANTHERA (§ 1. a.) imosa; caule folioso, foliis ensiformi- bus erectis, racemo laxo multifloro, bracteis striatis acutis floribus brevioribus, petalis ovatis sepalisque obtusis, labello lineari convexo obtuso labello [calcare?] filiformi pendulo pluries brevi- ore. —Mewico: In paludibus, Anganguco, juxta Asoleadero, Sept. Hartweg.” Lindl. doc. cit. The type of Gymnadenia propinqua Rich. & Gal., according [ 109 ] ORCHIDACE H. limosa to notes made at Paris by Eaton, consists of a single specimen in bud which is unserviceable for a definitive conclusion regard- ing its position in synonymy. Judging from Richard’s drawing it may be conspecific with H. limosa, although it may be referred also to H. volcanica with equal surety. H. Thurberi is similar to H. limosa. The type has a linear lip. It is difficult to compre- hend Dr. Rydberg’s treatment of H. Thurberi. He has confused it with H. dilatata var. leucostachys, and described as Limnorchis Arizonica material which agrees beautifully with Gray’s type of H. Thurberi. NEW MEXICO, Socorro County Along streams, Mogollon Mts., July 19, 1881, H. H. Rusby (no. 399) (2, 4); 8000 ft. alt., July 20, 1903, O. B. Metcalfe (no. 282) (4). ARIZONA Rincon Mts., 1891, G. C. Neally (no. 78) (2, 4), (type of Limnorchis Ari- zonica Rydb.). Pima Co.: Rich cafions of the Santa Rita Mts., 6000-7000 ft., July 3, 1881, C. G. Pringle (no. 13,878) (2, 3, 4, 7, 16). Cocuise Co.: Tanner’s Cafion, near Fort Huachuca, August, 1882, J. G. Lemmon (nos. 2884, 2885) (3). —Cold brooks and springs, Huachuca Mts., July 1, 1884, Pringle (2). MEXICO In the Sierra Madre, June 21-July 29, 1899, E. W. Nelson (nos. 6052, 6151, 6153) (2). Curauanva: Cafion parallel with Cafion de los Alamos on Rio San Mi- guel, June 28, 1891, C. V. Hartman (no. 711) (2, 3).—Near Colonia Garcia, Sierra Madre, 7500 ft., June 5, 1899, C. H. Townsend & C. M. Barber (no. 77) (4); August 8, 1899, Townsend & Barber (no. 442) (4). Nuevo Lxron?: Sierra Madre, forty miles south of Saltillo, August, 1880, Dr. Edward Palmer (8). Sonora: Mexican Boundary Survey (no. 1423) (2).— Near spring, between Babocamori and Santa Cruz, September 22, 1851, G. T’. Thurber (no. 925) (3, 9), (type of H. Thurberi); Babocamori, near Santa Cruz, 1851, C. Wright (no. 1900) (2, 3). Though no two labels on these five sheets are [ 110 ] ORCHIDACE precisely alike, a comparison of all, with the plants, leaves no doubt but H. imosa that the specimens were collected at one time and place. All the specimens are in early fruit. Wright’s are accompanied by a label on which is printed “C. Wright, Coll. N. Mex., 1851-2,” but the sheet in the Gray Her- barium is annotated as above. Some sheets of this number are not an- notated, so, naturally, they have been referred to New Mexico by Dr. Rydberg. Micuoacan: In swampson the Asoleadero, Angangueo, September, Hart- weg (20), type. Oaxaca: Fl. vertes, Sierra de la Virgin, Océan Pacif., September, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5055) (21). 18. H. elegans Bol., Fl. San Francisco 29 (1870); Wats., Bot. Cal. 2: 133 (1880); Brandegee, in Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. ser. 2, 1: 217 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4: 17 (1888), Check-list 53 (1889); Jepson, in Erythea 1: 13 (1893); Greene, Man. Bot. Bay Reg. 306 (1894); Rattan, Fl. 176 (1898); Jepson, Fl. Mid. Cal. 131 (1901); Howell, Fl. Nw. Amer. 627 (1902). Platanthera elegans Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 285 (1835); Hook., F\. Bor. Am. 2: 196 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 644 (1899); Piper & Beattie, F|. Palouse 49 (1901). Gymnadenia longispica Durand, Pl. Pratten. in Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. ser. 2, 3: 101 (1855).1 Platanthera leucostachys 7'or7r., in Emory Mex. Bound. Surv. 213 (1859) in part (as to specimens from Mokelumne, &c.). 1**GYMNADENIA ooneispica sp. nova. (specimen cui folia radicalia desunt.) Scapo gracili erecto, fere pedali ; foliis 4infra spicam, parvulis, bracteiformibus, ovato-lanceolatis ; spica circiter 50-flora, gradatim ad apicem gracilescenti, 7’’ longa, bracteis lanceolatis, ovaria equantibus; floribus minimis, albis? in sicco fuscantibus; corollis cernuis, sepalis subzequantibus, labio integro, calcare tenui, clavato, ovario longiori. ‘*The spike is very long, tapering, with at least fifty flowers. Sepals and petals almost equal, lip entire, spur longer than the germ, filiform, clubshape, with a much longer spike than Spiranthes bracteosa of Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1934, to which Gymnadenia longispica has a great resemblance. The inflorescence seems spirally twisted round the scape.” Du- rand, loc. cit. [1] H.. elegans ORCHIDACE PiateE 64. Habenaria elegans I. Plant, natural size, drawn from a living specimen. II. Inflorescence from another plant. 1. Flower. 2. Pollen-mass. 3. Petal. 4. Lateral sepal. 5. Up- per sepal. 6. Labellum and column.—Parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 112 ] ld AH HABENARIA ¢cLgans Lolander Bike | »)¢ aiden aadogaait | aT i et f a ) ¥ >t Let % 7 F , : e POE 4 Shyheim AA A De ¥ ie A ey ET COR, a ais dtl ub ie ih Ph 2 ah rot Ne oe i | | ss ee eo aa Wa lila. ras val hE , 4 7 Ae et a IN PR pnheladgd 6 0A he hs el i 7 ree, it ee ee i. See. See, ee oh; 4] § 4 | Bee fy: ) e yt ie yA, Adee a yaX § PhS ‘ll A aa PREY wer, iv Pg ae, ates, ; (Rue wee ot: a i a A Pip wheal a eh, | Faia sige oy a ee aN ae om! ; y) a ! a, a + a bid, eG , oe ah if *? ih nd ORCHIDACE Habenaria Michaeli Greene, in Bull. Cal. Acad. Sci. 1: H. elegans 281 (1885), Man. Bot. Bay Reg. 306 (1894); Rattan, Fl. 177 (1898); Jepson, Fl. Mid. Cal. 131 (1901). Platanthera Menziesii Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 630 (1899), not Lindi. Montolivea elegans Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 106 (1900), not Reichb. f: Piperia elegans Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 270, 638 (1901); Piper, Fl. Wash.,in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 209 (1906). —P. elongata Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 270 (1901). — P. lancifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 637 (1901).— P. leptopetala Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 637 (1901); Piper, F\. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 209 (1906).—P. mul- tiflora Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 638 (1901); Piper, FI. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 209 (1906).—P. longispica Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 639 (1901).—P. Michaeli Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 640 (1901); Piper, Fl. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 209 (1906). Habenaria multiflora Blankinship, in Mont. Agr. Coll. Sci. Stud. 1: 45 (1905). «3. Platanthera elegans. “P. foliis binis oblongo-lanceolatis, caule squamis parvis ra- mentaceis,spica longa densa cylindracea,bracteis lineari-subulatis florum longitudine, sepalis campanulatis acuminatis obtusis, petalis labelloque carnosis ovato linearibus obtusis subzequal- ibus, calcare filiformi arcuato ovario longiore. “Hab. in America boreal occidentali, Douglas. (hab. s. sp. comm. Soc. Hort.) “ Tubercula indivisa. Caulis sesquipedalis. Flores parvi. Glan- dulz polliniorum maxime.” Lindl. loc. cit. H. elegans var. maritima (Greene) comb. nov.—H. ma- [113 ] ORCHIDACEH H. elegans ritima Greene, in Pittonia 2: 298 (1892), Man. Bot. Bay Reg. 306 (1894); Krénzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 467 (1898); Jepson, Fl. Mid. Cal. 132 (1901). Piperia maritima Rydb.,in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 641 (1901). ‘FH ABENARIA MARITIMA. Very robust, only 6 to 16 inches high, at flowering time destitute of foliage, but the upper part of the stem bearing many lanceolate-subulate appressed and more or less imbricated green bracts 4 inch long or more: spike 1} to 3 inches long, 1 inch thick, the flowers closely crowded, white, heavily honey-scented: sepals oblong, obtuse, 13 lines long, white, with a narrow and delicate deep-green midvein; petals not quite equalling the sepals, oblong-lanceolate, the upper 2 plane, deep-green at base and well up the middle, otherwise white, the lip pure white even to the prominently elevated and broad midvein: spur slender, longer than the ovary. “On dry hills near the sea at Point Lobos, near San Francisco, flowering from August to October; leaves probably appearing in early spring and soon dying. Species apparently referred to H. leucostachys in the State Survey Botany, but most distinct.” Greene, Joc. cit. H. elegans var. maritima differs from the type in its con- gested habit and more nearly white flowers. After an examina- tion of numerous specimens I failed to find any structural dif- ferences which in my judgment warranted the maintenance of H. maritima as a distinct species. One can find a full series of specimens in one region connecting the variety with H. Michaeli, Piperia multiflora and the type. All these forms ap- pear to be conditions of one species. The variety is found only under the influence of salt air of the littoral of California from San Francisco to Monterey County. Bolander’s specimen, numbered 2490,in the Gray Herbarium, consists of a slender [114 J ORCHIDACEA form of H. elegans and a fairly typical plant of H. Michaeli, H. elegans while his number 2429, from the same locality, is a transitional form between HZ. maritima and H. multiflora. Hartweg’s no. 1976 is very similar to H. Michaeli. As the transition from one of these forms to the other is so complete, and as all often grow together, it has been impossible to distinguish centres of variation ; there- fore no attempt to do so has been made in the following list of localities. BRITISH COLUMBIA Boggy places near Frazer River, August, 1883, Fletcher (6). Yate Dist.: Rich woods, Sicamous, July 8, 1889, J. Macoun (6). Queen Cuartorre Ists.: Long Arm, Skiddegate, July 27, 1897, Dr. C. F’. Newcombe (6). Vancouver Ist.: Oregon Boundary Commission, 1858-9, Dr. Lyall (3).— Rocky bank of Prospect Lake, July 20, 1880, Dr. Engelmann (4).— Horne Lake, July 27, 1887, Macoun (2, 6). Vicroria Co.: Cold, mossy woods on hillsides, Victoria, August, 1883, Fletcher (3, 6).— Beacon Hill, Victoria, August 10, 1893, Macoun (no. 2821) (4, 6). —Sooke road near Victoria, August 5, 1893, Macoun(no. 2819) (2, 6, 9). —Deep woods near Sooke Lake, Angle, M.A. Barber (no.173) (3). MONTANA, FratHeap County Columbia Falls, August 18, 1894, R. S. Williams (no. 1034) (4).— September 1, 1896, Williams (no. 1034) (2).— Woods, McDonald’s Peak, Mission Range, alt. 5000 ft., July 19, 1883, Wm. M. Canby (no. 307) (3, 16).— Woods, north of Flathead Lake, July 25, 1883, Canby (no. 307) (6). IDAHO, Kootenai County Woods on St. Joseph River, Wiessner’s Peak, 1800 m. alt., July 7, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 584) (2, 3).—Priest River Forest Reserve, 700 m., August 9, 1897, John B. Leiberg (no. 176) (5).— Lower Priest River, August 9, 1897 (no. 2876) (2); copses, July, 1887, J. H. Sandberg (16); July, 1892, Sandberg (4). SuosHone Co.: Shady woods, valley of north fork of Coeur d’Alene River, 950 m., August 13, 1895, Leiberg (no. 1527) (2). Latau Co.: Very dry fir woods, Moscow Mts., September 10, 1894, L. F. [115 ] Hi. elegans ORCHIDACEA Henderson (2,14:).—Cedar Mts., June, 1899, A. D. E. Elmer (no. 1558) (7). Nez Perces Co.: Near Forest, 3500 ft., July 16, 1896, 4. A. & E. G. Heller (no. 3436) (2). WasuinctTon Co.: Seven Devils Mts., 6000 ft., September 9, 1899, Marcus E. Jones (no. 6604) (4). WASHINGTON 1899, G. R. Vasey (no. 78) (2).— Yakima Region, 1882, Transcontinental Survey, 7. S. Brandegee (no. 475) (4, 16).—Near Lake Roothaan, Sep- tember, 1860, Oregon Boundary Commission, Dr. Lyail (3).— Dry, grassy, slopes, 3000-3500 ft., Twenty-five Mile Creek, Washington Forest Re- serve, August 9, 1897, M. W. Gorman (no. 570 in part) (2).—Nisqually Trail, August 17, 1889, E. C. Smith (4). Stevens Co.: Calispell Valley, August 8, 1902, Frank O. Kreager (no. 624) (2); August 10, Kreager (no. 624) (3). Oxanocon Co. (?): Lake Wenatchee, 610 m., August 1, 1893, Sandberg & Leiberg (no. 647a) (2). Kirriras Co.: Mt. Stuart, August, 1898, 4. D. E. Elmer (no. 1236) (2). Kine Co.: Seattle, June 26, 1889, Smith (4). Kitsap Co.: August 3, 1889, C. V. Piper (no. 1081) (11). Yaxrma Co.: Near Mt. Adams, 1883, L. F. Henderson (nos. 67, 68) (3). —Simeoe, July, 1880, Joseph & Thos. J. Howell (no. 358) (3). Wattawatra Co.: Blue Mts., August 2, 1896, Piper (3). Kuicxirat Co.: Open woods, July 29 and August, 1885, W. N. Suksdorf (2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9). — Flowers greenish, near Husum Post Office, July, 1905, Suksdorf (1).—Lower Cascade Mts., near Falcon Prairie, August 19, 1882, Henderson (10). OREGON Columbia woods, Nuttall (3) (H. falcata in hb.).—1871, E. Hall (no. 506) (3, 4, 16).— Drain on Southern Oregon Railroad, August 9, 1880, Geo. Engelmann (4).—Grave Creek Hills, June 30, 1887, Thos. Howell (no. 1267) (2, 4).— Rocky places, June, 1881, Howell (9). Wasco Co.: Under oaks and pines, July 14, 1896, L. F. Henderson (5, 14). YAMHILL Co.: Open woods, North Yamhill, July 8, 1882, Howell (2). Jackson Co.: Wimer, July 29, 1892, E. W. Hammond (no. 364) (9). JOSEPHINE Co.: Grant’s Pass, July 27-28, 1903, Alice Eastwood (9).— Trail to Happy Camp, July 27-28, 1903, Eastwood (9).— Williams Creek, June 10, Mrs. H. L. Durden (9). [ 116] ORCHIDACE CALIFORNIA Hi. elegans 1872, Miss Mary J. Bancroft (16).— H. N. Bolander (3).— Hartweg (no. 1976) (3, 19, 21).'— 1868-9, Kellogg & Harford (no. 959) (3).— Under pines, Balenas Bay, Brewer (no. 2429) (3); under oaks, 1863, Bolander (no. 2490) (3).—Santa Lucia Mts., 1885, 7’. S. Brandegee (9). SourHerNn Ca.irornia: 1876, C. C. Parry & J. G. Lemmon (no. 384) (3). —On steep, dry mountain slopes under pines, San Bernardino Mts., 4500 ft. alt., August, 1884, S. B. & W. F. Parish (no. 1699) (3, 8, 15). Siskiyou Co.: Mt. Eddy, 4500 ft., August 19, 1903, E. B. Copeland (no. 297 b) (1).—Dry woods near Yreka, May 23, 1876, E. L. Greene (no. 804) (3). Suasta Co.:Fir woods, mountains about the head-waters of the Sacramento River, 5000 ft., August 14, 1881, C, G. Pringle (7). Piumas Co.: 1875, Mrs. Austin (16). Menpocino Co.: July, 1895, Miss K. E. Cole (9).—Mill Creek, June 23, 1901, Alice Eastwood (9).—Red Mt., August 4, 1902, Eastwood (9). Lake Co.: Foothills south of Mt. Sanhedrin, midway between Potter Valley and Hullville, July 15, 1902, 4. A. Heller (1). Pracer Co.: Dutch Flat, July, 1900, Cole (9).— Applegate, June, 1900, Cole (9). Exporapo Co.: Pyramid Peak, 1903, Mrs. F. M. Meigs (9). Amapor Co.: June 13, 1900, J. C. Hawthorne (no. 46) (9). — Agricultural Station, 2000 ft., June, 1893, Geo. Hansen (no. 42) (4).— Antelope, 4200 ft., July 28, 1896, Hansen (no. 1864) (2, 4). Sonoma Co.: Cazadero, July 4-14, 1904, Gwendolan Newell (9).—Near Mark West Springs, June 28, 1902, Heller (1). Marin Co.: San Rafael, October, 1878, Moore & Kellogg (9).— Laguin- tas, August, 1894, Eastwood (9).—Rodeo Lagoon, September, 1902, Eastwood (9).—Sausalito, July, 1896, Eastwood (9).—Vision Hill, To- males Bay, September 1, 1900, Eastwood (9).— Mt. Tamalpias, May, 1900, Eastwood (9); July 14, 1894, Eastwood (9); July 11, Mrs. Brandegee (2); July 21, Mrs. Brandegee (9); July 17, 1898, Eastwood (9).— Mill Valley, August 2, 1896, Eastwood (9). San Francisco Co.: September 19, 1892, Michener & Bioletti (4).— Land’s End, August, 1900, Eastwood (9); September, 1895, Eastwood (2, 3, 9); 1 Hartweg no. 1976, in the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris, is very near the Michael form, having prominent squarrose bracts, but it is less stout. (A. A. E.) [117 ] H. elegans ORCHIDACEH August 2, 1897, Mrs. Brandegee (3, 9).— Bluffs along the Golden Gate, September, 1895, Eastwood (3).— Point Lobos, March 25, 1893, Michener & Bioletti (4). Atamepa Co.: Dry hills, Oakland, July and August, Brewer (no. 2431) (3). San Mareo Co.: Crystal Springs near San Mateo, 1872, A. Gray (3). Santa Ciara Co.: Near San José, June, 1879, Mrs. A. E. Bush (3).— Foothills west of Los Gatos, July 1, 1904, Heller (1).—Santa Cruz Mts., near Los Gatos, October, 1900, Mrs. H. N. Wright (9). Santa Cruz Co.: Santa Cruz, June 24, 1881, M. E. Jones (2).—Santa Cruz Mts., July 24, 1882, C. G. Pringle (7).—Glenwood, July, 1900, Horace Davies (9).— Mountains near Santa Cruz, Bolander (3). Mariposa Co.: Yosemite Valley, 1866, Bolander (no. 6252 in part) (3); July 5-19, 1902, Eastwood (9).—Near Yosemite, 1875, John Muar (4). —Mariposa, June 9, 1901, J. W. Congdon (9).—Grove of Sequoia gigantea, 1865, J. Torrey (no. 512) (3). Fresno Co.: Sequoia Mills, July 19, 1892, 7. S. Brandegee (9).—Dun- lap, July 15, 1893, Eastwood (9). Tutare Co.: Kaweah River Valley, July 28, 1891, Coville & Funston (no. 1333) (2).—Three Rivers, May, 1894, Eastwood (9). Monterey Co.: Pacific Grove in pine woods, August 27, 1903, Heller (no. 7197) (1, 2, 3, 9); August, 1900, Dr. Wilson (9).—July 13, 1905, Chas. Piper Smith (no. 1028) (1); August 19, 1905, Smith (nos. 1099, 1100) (1). —Monterey, Miss E. Cannon (9); June 1-15, 1903, Newell (9).—In the woods, Rose Valley, August, 1900, Wm. Barber (9).— Pacific Valley, May, 1898, R. A. Plaskett (9).—Santa Lucia Mts., July 6, 1898, Plaskett (no. 167) (2, 5); July 6, 1898, Plaskett (no. 164) (9).—Point Sur, July, 1888, Brandegee (3, 9). San Luts Ostsrpo Co.: San Simeon, June, 1887, 7. S. Brandegee (9); June, 1884, G. W. Michael (9) (H. Michaeli) ; 1880, Michael (16). Santa Barpara Co.: Santa Cruz Isl., July and August, 1886, Greene (9). —Santa Rosa Isl., June, 1880, Brandegee (9).—Santa Inez Mts., near Santa Barbara, 1888, Brandegee (9). Los AncEtEs Co.: Under bushes, foothills of Sierra Santa Monica, June, 1891, H. E. Hasse (2).—Wooded volcanic region under Adenostoma, Avalon, Santa Catalina Isl., June, 1897, Blanche Trask (4, 9). San Dreco Co.: San Jacinto, June or July, 1880, S. B. & W. F. Parish, (no. 669) (3, 15). —Cucamonga Mts., July or August, 1881, S. B. & W. F. [ 118 ] ORCHIDACE Parish (no. 1157) (3, 16), August, 1881 (no. 1157) (16).—Cuyamaca HZ, elegans Mts., July, 1889, C. R. Orcutt (2, 3, 4) (A. Orcuttii, J. N. R[ose] in hb. Gray).— Talley’s, 1875, Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 373) (3).— Mountains near Potrero, June 20, 1906, Orcutt (1). I9. H. unalascensis (Spreng.) Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 277 (1877), Bot. Cal. 2: 133 (1880); Coulter, Rocky Mt. Bot. 342 (1885); Macoun, Cat. 4: 17 (1888); Britton & Vail, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 203 (1895); Rattan, Fl. 176 (1898); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 708 (1900); Howell, F1. Nw. Amer. 628 (1902). Spiranthes unalascensis Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3:708 (1826). Habenaria Schischmareffiana Cham., in Linnea 3: 32 (1828). Platanthera Schischmareffiana Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 3852 (1841); Ledeb., FI. Ross. 70 (1853). Herminium unalaschcense Feichb. f., Orch. Eur. 107, t. 65 (417) (1851); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 931 (1901). (See Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. 1: 171.) Platanthera foetida Geyer, ex Hook. Journ. Bot. 7: 376 (1855); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 640 (1899); Piper & Beattie, Flora Palouse 49 (1901). Habenaria foetida Wats., Bot. King 341 (1871).—H. Cooperi Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 12: 276 (1877), Bot. Cal. 2: 135 (1880); Orcutt, Fl. S. & Lower Cal. 10 (1885); Rattan, Fl. 177 (1898). Herminium congestum Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 130 (1890) in part; King & Pantl., Orch. Sik.-Him. 335, t. 440 (1898) in part, not Lindl. ; Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 930 (1901). [ 119 ] Hi. unalas- censis H. unalas- censis ORCHIDACEAZ Neottia macrophylla Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind. 6: 130 (1890) in part. Spiranthes macrophylla Hook. f., F1. Brit. Ind. 6:130 (1890) in part ; Kr dnzl.,Orch.Gen. et Sp. 1:631(1899) as syn.,not Spreng. Platanthera unalaschcensis Kurtz, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 19: 408 (1895); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 631 (1899). Montolivza unalaschensis Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 107 (1900). Piperia unalaschensis Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 270, 635 (1901), Fl. Col. 88 (1906); Piper, Fl]. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 208 (1906).—P. Cooperi Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 636 (1901).—P. lancifolia Rydb., in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 28: 637 (1901). “unalascensis* 3. Sp. labello oblongo acutiusculo convexo dis- colore integerrimo sepalis patulis obtusis breviori, spica glabra, scapo aphyllo, foliis radicalibus binis oblongis obtusis. Ins. A leut. Spreng. /oc. cit. The most conspicuous difference between Habenaria unalas- censis and H. elegans is the comparative lengths of the spurs ” and lips. In HZ. elegans the spurs are usually long and slender and as a rule conspicuously longer than the lips. In H. wnalas- censis, on the other hand, the spurs are shorter than the lips. The foliage of this species is very variable. Usually there are no leaves at the flowering season. Habenaria Cooperi appears to be a luxuriant form of H. unalascensis. The type specimen in the Gray Herbarium is in a poor state of preservation, but the flowers which remain on the plant are sufficient to make comparisons possible. The label- lum is broader than usual, and the scape is very stout, yet these characters are not sufficient to warrant specific distinction when attention is given to the normal variation of H. wnalascensis. [ 120 ] ORCHIDACEAE QUEBEC Mossy woods, Jupiter River, Anticosti Isl., August 20,1883, J. Macoun (3); boggy places, Jupiter River, August 20, Macoun (16); open gravelly woods, August 20, Macoun (6). ONTARIO In bogs and swamps, Fishing Islands, Lake Huron, July 31, 1874, J. Macoun (6).— Lake Superior, June, 1860, Wm. Boott (3). ALBERTA Crow Nest Pass, lat. 49° 30’, August, 1897, J. Macoun (3); mountain slopes, Crow Nest Pass, 6500 ft., July 31, 1897, Macoun (6).— Along the * base of Ship Mts., Waterton Lake, July 28, 1895, Macown (6).—On sand or gravel, Bow River Pass, September 14, 1879, Macoun (no. 211) (3, 6). BRITISH COLUMBIA Gravelly soil, Prospect Creek, July 18, 1888, Dr. G. Dawson (6).— Mac- Leod Lake, July 16, 1875, Dawson (3).—In boggy woods, vicinity of MacLeod Lake, July 14, 1879, /. Macoun (6).— West of Sophie Mt., In- ternational Boundary, between Kettle and Columbia Rivers, 4500 ft. July 11, 1902, J. M. Macoun (1). Yate Dist.: Swampy woods, Batanie, near Spence’s Bridge, July 6, 1890, Dawson (6).—Head-waters of Fraser Bees July 21, 1898, W. Spreadborough (6). Vancouver Ist.: Mt. Finlayson, June 28, 1887, J. Macoun (2). Esauimatt Dist.: Gravelly banks, Goldstream, July 5, 1887, Macown (6). Vicroria Disr.: Vicinity of Victoria, July 22, 1893, Macoun (2, 3, 6). ALASKA Unalaska, Chamisso in itin. (3) (H. Schischmareffiana).— Bernhardi Hb. (4). MONTANA Belt Mts., July 30, 1886, R. S. Williams (no. 521) (2). —Woods, head- waters of Jocko River, July 15, 1883, Wm. M. Canby (no. 308) (2, 7, 16). —Jack Creek Canon, 7000 ft., July 15, 1897, Rydberg & Bessey (no. 3889) (2, 3, 5, 6).—Sixteen-Mile Creek, alt. 5000-6000 ft., July 12, 1883, F. Lamson-Scribner (no. 264) (16).— Foothills, Mission Range, July 19, 1883, Canby (no. 308) (16). FiatHEap Co.: Mountain near Columbia Falls, August 18, 1894, Williams (no. 521) (5). [ 121 ] Hi. unalas- Censis H. unalas- censis ORCHIDACE Mapison Co.: Spanish Basin, Madison Range, 6000 ft., July 10, 1896, J. H. Flodman (no. 357) (2). Ga tatin Co.: Wooded hillside, Mystic Lake, Bozeman, August 1, 1898, J. W. Blankinship (1). WYOMING, Urnta County Woods, Yellowstone Park, August, 1884, Frank Tweedy (no. 10) (2, 16). —In loose, loamy soil among the spruce and pines, Mammoth Hot Springs, July 21, 1899, Aven & Elias Nelson (no. 6033) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9). UTAH, Summit County Parley’s Park, 8000 ft., July, 1869, Sereno Watson, King Exp. (no. 1155) (2, 3). IDAHO Mountains, July, 1892, 4. Isabel Mulford (3, 4, 5). SHosHonE Co. : Dry ground amongst conifers, St. Mary’s River, August 5, 1894, L. F’. Henderson (2). Latau Co.: Meadows near Viola, July 26, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 1039) (2, 3). Nez Percks Co.: About Forest, 3500 ft., July 14, 1896, 4. 4. & E. G. Heller (no. 3429) (2, 4). Lemut Co.: Carmen Creek woods, near Freeman Mine, near Salmon, 6800ft., August 27, 1895, L. F. Henderson (no. 4005) (2). Fremont Co.: Teton Caion, July 23, 1872, John M. Coulter, Hayden Exp. (2, 16). WASHINGTON 1889, Geo. R. Vasey (nos. 79, 375) (2).—Dry ground among oaks and pines, Eagle Creek and Cascade Mts., June 11—August 17, 1882, L. F’. Hen- derson (no. 940) (9).— Dry grassy slopes 3000-3500 ft., Twenty-five Mile Creek, Washington Forest Reserve, August 9, 1897, M@. W. Gorman (no. 570 in part) (2).—Cascade Mts., 1882, Brandegee (no. 481) (4, 6); Tweedy (no. 336) (16). —Cascade Mts., 49° N. lat., 1859, Dr. Lyall (3).— West Kootenay, 1861, Dr. Lyall (8). Oxanocan Co.: Nason Creek, 650 m., July 30, 1893, Sandberg & Lei- berg (no. 617) (2).— Damp land along Twisp River, July 19, 1896, Kirk Whited (2). CriatiaM Co.: Olympic Mts., August, 1900, 4. D. E. Elmer (no. 2552) (2, 4). Kine Co.: Seattle, May 21, 1889, E. C. Smith (4). [ 122 ] ORCHIDACE Krrritas Co.: Slopes of Mt. Stuart, 1400 m., July 24, 1893, Sandberg & H. unalas- Leiberg (no. 568) (2). censis Prerce Co.: Mt. Rainier, O. D. Allen (1, 3). Wattawaita Co.: In woods, Blue Mts., July 15, 1896, C. V. Piper (1, 3); July 17, 1897, Robert M. Horner (no. 468) (2). Skamania Co.: Grassy ground in open pine forests, July 24—September 23, 1901, W. N. Suksdorf (no. 2690) (1). Kuickitat Co.: Woods, June, 1881, W. N. Suksdorf (2, 10, 16).—Falcon Valley, July, 1905, Suksdorf (1). OREGON Geyer (no. 534) (3).—Columbia woods, Nuttall (H. denudata Nutt. in Brit. Mus.).— Dry soil, 4000 ft. alt., July, 1882, W. C. Cusick (no. 204) (16). —Rocky places, June, 1880, Thos. J. Howell (4, 16).—June, 1877, Howell (7). —June, 1881, Howell (9).— Dry mountains, shade, 4000 ft., July 28, Cusick (no. 2062) (3); Cusick (no. 2960) (2, 4).—1897, E. P. Sheldon (no. 8659) (2).—1871, E. Hall (no. 507) (3, 16).—Cascades, July, 1893, Mrs. R. M. Austin (no. 199) (9). —1873, Rev. R. D. Herius (3). Cracxamas Co.: Under oaks and firs, Eagle Creek, June 11, 1882, L. F. Henderson (15). Wasco Co.: Dry hills, under oaks, Hood River, June 23, 1896, Hender- son (5, 14). Union Co.: June, July, 1876, Cusick (no. 204) (4). Lane Co.: Moist cliff, McKinzie River, between Gate Creek and Blue River, July 15, 1903, M. W. Gorman (no. 1642) (2). Dovctas Co.: Woods, Calapooia Valley, 2000-3000 ft., July 18, 1899, M. A. Barber (137) (8). JosEPHINE Co.: Trail to Happy Camp, June 27-28, 1903, Alice East- wood (9). CALIFORNIA, Siskiyou County Foot of Mt. Eddy, 4500 ft., August 19, 1893, Edwin B. Copeland (no. 297b) (1); August 17, 1903, Copeland (no. 259) (1).—Mt. Shasta and vicinity, July 13-27, 1892, Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 2569) (2).— Dry woods near Yreka, May 23, 1876, EL. L. Greene (no. 804) (3). Det Norte Co.: Gasquet, June 23, 1903, Alice Eastwood (9). Humsotpr Co.: Hupa Indian Reservation, 1000 ft., June, 1901, Harley P. Chandler (no. 1385) (2, 3, 4, 5, 9). Trinity Co.: Canon Creek, July 2-18, 1901, Eastwood (9). [ 123 ] H. unalas- censis ORCHIDACE Suasta Co.: Mountains about head-waters of the Sacramento River, 4000 ft., August 14, 1881, C. G. Pringle (no. 45) (3). Lassen Co.: Butte Creek, July, 1896, Mrs. R. M. Austin (no. 18) (4).— Susanville, July 12, 1892, 7. S. Brandegee (9). Piumas Co.: 1877, Mrs. Austin (6).—Prattsville, July 14, 1892, Brande- gee (9). Menpvocino Co.: Redwoods, Bolander (with no. 4706) (3). Lake Co.: Snow Mt., Mrs. Brandegee (9).—Foothills of Mt. Sanhedrin, midway between Potter Valley and Hullville, July 25, 1902, 4.4. Heller (1). Sierra Co.: 1874, J. G. Lemmon (3, 4, 16). Exporapo Co.: Trail to Snowy Falls, 6200 ft., July 13, 1897, Ezra Brainerd (5).— Fallen Leaf Lake, June 28, 1900, Wm. W. Price (9).— In shade of large conifers, slope of Strawberry Creek, 5900 ft., July 14, 1897, Brainerd (7). Amapor Co.: Deer Creek, 4000 ft., July, 1893, Geo. Hansen (no. 250) (4). Sonoma Co. (?): Under pines, above Sonoma Pass, July, 1860-62, W. H. Brewer (no. 1933) (3). Mariposa Co.: Wawona, July 5-19, 1902, Eastwood (9).—Near Sher- lock’s (?), May 15, 1900, J. W. Congdon (9).— Footman Mt., June, 1885, Congdon (9). —1881, C. C. Parry (no. 324) (3).— Yosemite Valley, 1866, H. N. Bolander (no. 6252 in part) (3). Santa Cruz Co.: Mountains near Santa Cruz, June, 1860, Bolander (no. 53) (3, 9). Fresno Co.: Converse Basin, south fork of Kings River, July 1-13, 1899, Eastwood (9).—North fork of Kings River, 7000 ft., July, 1900, Hall & Chandler (no. 554) (2, 4).—Pine Ridge, 5400 ft., June, 1900, Hall & Chandler (no. 329) (9). ?GENERAL Grant Nationa Park: July 20, 1892, Brandegee (9). TuLare Co.: Open woods, middle fork of Tule River, alt. 5000-6000 ft., April, September, 1897, C. A. Purpus (no. 5606) (2, 3, 4). Monterey Co.: In pine woods, Pacific Grove, August 27, 1903, Heller (no. 7197) (1); July, 1900, Robert M. Horner (9).—Monterey, Miss Can- non (9). Los AncELEs Co.: Dry ridges of foothills, May, 1888, Dr. H. E. Hasse (2, 9, 11).—Brushy foothills, April 28, 1888, Hasse (3).— Arroyo Seco Canon, Pasadena, May 16, 1904, Fordice Grinnell, Jr. (9). —Ostrich farm near Los Angeles, April, 1888, Hasse (15).—One locality, a few [ 124 ] ORCHIDACE# plants, under shade of Adenostoma, on volcanic upland, Avalon, Santa Catalina Isl., May, 1897, Blanche Trask (2). RiverstDE Co, : Coast Range Mts., near S. Riverside, 1895, W. J. Lester (15). San Dieco Co.: San Diego, April, 1894, Brandegee (15).—Mesas, San Diego, May 8, 1884, C. &. Orcutt (7, 9, 16); San Diego, May 4, 1892, G. W. Dunn (9); on clay hills, San Diego, 1860-1, Dr. J. G. Cooper (3) (type of H. Cooperi); National Ranch, San Diego, May, 1882, D. Cleve- land (no. 869) (3).—Alpine, Mrs. Brandegee (9).—Bluffs of the sea, Soledad, April 26, 1882, Pringle (7). MEXICO, Lower Catirornia 1888, Dr. Palmer (2); May, 1885, D. Cleveland (10).—Sierra Nevada Mts., 1875, Lemmon (2); Thomas Bridges (no. 355) (2).— Pine woods near Fawn (?) Valley, July 25, 1886, C. F. Sonne (no. 8) (9).—Grove of large trees (Sequoia gigantea) 1865, J. Torrey (no. 512) (3).—1868-9, Dr. A. Kellogg & W. G. W. Harford (no. 960) (3). 20. H. obtusata (Pursh) Richardson, in Frankl. Journ. App. 750(1823); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826); Graham, in Edinb. Phil. Journ. App. (1830); Z'or7., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y.'174 (1840); Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey 130 (1841); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), ed. 6, 508 (1890); Porter & Coulter, Syn. Fl. Col. 182 (1874); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 87 (1882); Upham, Fl. Minn. 140 (1884); Coulter, Rocky Mt. Bot. 348 (1885); Macoun, Cat. 4: 16 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 277 (1888); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Rand & Redf., Fl. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 78, 79, f. 23 (1894); Britton & Vail, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 8: 203 (1895); Nelson, Fl. Wyo. 182 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 461, f. 1098 (1896); Kearney, in Bail. Cyel. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, F 1. Vt. 30 (1900); Delabarre, in Bull. Geog. Soc. Phil. 8: 191 (1902); Kennedy, F1.Willoughby in Rho.6:111 (1904); Jeliiffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 33, t. 15 (1905). [ 125 ] H. unalas- CeENnsis H. obtusata ORCHIDACE Puate 65. Habenaria obtusata . 1. Flower. 2. Labellum and spur. 3. Petal. » All the analytical parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. The general habit taken from living specimens. o& [ 126 ] 8 Np 8 Q 2a SS ie} =! ae 2 : a ied he Tie went LT cei i iy Ane i . . ‘i ‘ im iA fe \ 7 we | as ‘ f i ‘Mei nv « isn: mee Aer 4 ¥ ‘ al \ a ‘ | ‘ > ra ait t m Be py +4 ee ; i | ‘ ig ar ' 3 an : | a ‘ hy iy ne | ‘ Me a Hy ; thal zg a rae on wie " ter i ‘i if ny : \ b fs ‘ ivé ea WrAty ane | ¥) (i ; ‘ i Py va % hit) Wi ' if iy : , mi e; + ¥ t 7 { a i NS ; , oe 7 7 ia att Ae yy Fa : an ti eee i * vid ‘ Pay | ; ‘ iw He Ht | a } x ue Zs | f J j i s } Wi ; yd (i hy i ‘ i { 5 on a ae) ORCHIDACE Orchis obtusata Pursh, Flora 2: 588 (1814); Nutt., Gen. H. obtusata 2: 189 (1818); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 334 (1840); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book, ed. 41, 533 (1856); Provanch., Fl. Canad. 2: 565 (1862). Platanthera obtusata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 284 (1835); Hook., F 1. Bor. Am. 2: 196, t. 199 (1839); Stewd., Nomencel. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 274 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 470 (1848), ed. 2, 444 (1856), ed. 3, 444 (1859); Reich. f., Orch. Eur. 118 & 180, t. 75 (427), I & IL, 1-4 (1851); Ledeb. FI. Ross. 4: 68 (1853); Wood, Class-book 683 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 83 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868) ; Cor7evon, Orch. Rust. 174 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 623 (1899); Finet, in Rev. Gen. Bot. 13: 512 (1901). Not P. obtusata Schur. Lysiella obtusata Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 104 (1900), in Britton’s Man. 295 (1901); House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903); Eggleston, in Torreya 4: 66 (1904); Farr, in Contr. Bot. Lab. Univ. Pa. 3: 28 (1907). “obtusata. 20. O. labello lineari integerrimo cornu longiore, cornu longitudine germinis, folio unico radicali subcuneiformi- obtuso. Herb. Banks. mss. “On Hudson’s Bay, near Fort Albany. Hutchinson. 2. v. 5. in Herb. Banks. A small species, with a few flowers only.” Pursh, /oc. cit. LABRADOR 1875, W. A. Stearns (2).—Turner’s Head, August 6, 1892, Waghorne (6). — Battle Harbor, September 1, 1891, Waghorne (6).—Red Bay, July 4, 1892, J. D. Sornborger (no. 74) (3).—Hamilton Inlet, Indian River, August 2, 1891, Bowdoin College Exp. (no. 198) (3).—Hillsides, But- ler’s (10). NEWFOUNDLAND July 14, 1897, 4. C. Waghorne (4).— Woods, Whitbourne, August 15, 1904, Robinson & Schrenk (no. 109) (2, 3, 4, 6, 7).—Near Blanc Sablon, [ 127 ] Hi. obtusata ORCHIDACE July 27, 1893, Waghorne (4).— Woods, Fox Cove, Sandwich Bay, July 19, 1892, Waghorne (4). — Woods, Chimney Cove, July 21, 1895, Waghorne(2). —Woods, Middle Arm, Bay of Islands, August 22, 1896, Waghorne (no. 50) (3).—Cool River, Bay of Islands, July 14, 1896, Waghorne (no. 1) (3).—In spruce woods, Hell’s Torrent, Canada Bay, July 30, 1887, Wm. Palmer (2). NOVA SCOTIA Cold peat bogs and damp woods, North Sydney, Cape Breton, July 11, 1883, J. Macoun (3), July 13, 1883, Macoun (6). — Damp woods, Baddeck, Cape Breton, July 24, 1898, Macoun (6).—Big Intervale, Cape Breton, July 14, 1898, Macoun (6).—Freemanville, July 26, 1885, H. Trweman (3). — Pictou, C. B. Robinson, Jr. (1). NEW BRUNSWICK Lily Lake, July 31, 1877, J. Fowler (5). ResticoucuE Co. : Boggy places, Dalhousie, August, 1876, R. Chalmers (6). Vicror1a Co.: Bald Mt., Tobique, July, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6).— South Tobique Lakes, July 18, 1900, Hay (no. 52) (3).—Carry near Portage Lake, July 18, 1900, Hay (no. 48) (3). NortTHuMBERLAND Co.: Little Miramichi, July 11, 1892, Fowler (4); August 5, 1892, Fowler (5). Kent Co.: July 24, 1871, Fowler (16). Cuar.orre Co.: Grand Manan, Rothrock (3). Sr. Joun Co.: St. John, July 24, 1877, Fowler (2). QUEBEC, Gaspr County Mt. Albert, August 1, 1883, Porter (6).—Common in mossy woods, Little Fore River, July 31, 1882, J. Macoun (6). Bonaventure Co.: Arbor vite swamp, New Carlisle, July 28, 1902, Williams & Fernald (3).— Arbor vite swamps, Carleton, July 24 and 27, 1904, Collins, Fernald, & Pease (1).—In moss on side of steep hill, Great Cascapedia River, July 14, 1905, Ames (1).— Arbor vite swamp, New Richmond, July 16, 1905, Ames (1). Rimouski Co.: Swamp, Little Metis, August, 1902, E. C. Jeffrey (1). Orrawa Co.: In a swamp near Wakefield, August 22, 1903, Macoun (6). UNGAVA Along a river, Southern Ungava, July, 1895, 4. P. Low (6).— Mosquito Bay, east coast Hudson Bay, August 19, 1893, Low (6).— North of Cape [ 128 ] ORCHIDACEA Jones, Hudson Bay, July 6, 1899, Low (6).— Boggy woods, Lake Mistas- sini, July 13, 1885, J. M. Macoun (6). ONTARIO, Nirtsstnc Disrricr Camp woods, Cache Lake, Algonquin Park, July 4, 1900, J. Macoun (6). — Swamps, Golden Lake, July 26, 1899, L. M. Umbach.—In swamps and bogs, Cartwright, July 30, 1891, W. Scott (6). Hastines Co.: Cedar swamps, July 17, 1870, Macoun (5); July 12, 1878, Macoun (6).— Madoc, June 17, 1897, Scott (6). WEttincTon Co.: Guelph, August, 1903, 4. B. Klugh (1).— Algona, One-Mile Portage, Nipigon River, July 3, 1884, Macoun (6).— Kakabeka Falls, July 14, 1869, Macown (3). KEEWATIN Albany, James Bay, July 25, 1904, W. Scott (6).—Raft River, James Bay, August 9, 1904, W. Spreadborough (6).—Sixty miles up Kapisco River, west of James Bay, July 9, 1902, W. J. Wilson (6). MANITOBA In rich damp woods, Lake Winnipegosis, June 30, 1881, J. Macoun (6). ASSINIBOIA Boggy places, Cypress Hills, June 15, 1884, J. M. Macoun (6).—Springy places, Farewell Creek, Cypress Hills, June 27, 1895, J. Macoun (6). — Regina, 1903, 7’. N. Willing (1). —Springy places, Indian Head, June, 1892, W. Spreadborough (6). SASKATCHEWAN In the Muskeg, north of Prince Albert, July 8, 1896, J. Macoun (6). ATHABASCA Rapids of the Drowned Slave River, June 28, 1892, Miss E. Tay- lor (no. 12) (3).—Smith Portage, Great Slave River, July 1, 1892, Tay- lor (no. 24) (6). ALBERTA Boggy ground along Cave Avenue, Banff, 4500 ft., July 3, 1899, W.C. McCalla (no. 2233) (2, 5).—Swamps, Spray Avenue, Banff, June 30, 1891, J. Macoun (6).— Rocky Mountain National Park, Banff, March 12, 1904, N. B. Sanson (1); July 4, 1891, Macoun (2).—Devil’s Head Lake, National Park, 4500 ft., July 7, 1899, Sanson (6).—Between Field and Emerald Lake, Rocky Mountain Park, August 20, 1904, Macoun (1).— Jumping Pound Creek, June 14, 1897, Macoun (2, 6).— MacLeod River, [ 129 ] Hi. obtusata Hi. obtusata ORCHIDACE North Alberta, W. Spreadborough, June 22, 1898 (6).— Fiddle Creek, Athabasca River, June 29, 1898 (6).—Boggy places, Red Deer, June, 1895, Gaetz (6). — Kananaskis, June 15, 1885, Macoun (6). BRITISH COLUMBIA In rich damp woods, Gatcho Lake, July 25, 1876; Dawson (6).—Damp woods, North Thompson River, June 14, 1889, J. M. Macoun (6). — In swamps and bogs, MacLeod Lake, lat. 55, June 23, 1875, J. Macoun (6). MACKENZIE Near Fort Wrigley, Mackenzie River, July 20, 1892, Miss E. Taylor (2). —Mackenzie River, 1861-2, J. S. Onion. — Barren grounds, west shore of Great Bear Lake, June-August, 1900, J. M. Bell (6). YUKON Mountains back of Dawson, July 12, 1902, J. Macoun (1). ALASKA Icuguay, August 28, 1897, Wm. M. Canby (no. 278) (3).— Nushagak, near station, June 28, 1881, C. L. McKay (16). —Popoff Isl., July 10,1899, Trelease & Saunders (no. 3303) (4).—Shumagin Isl., W. M. Harrington, Dall’s Expedition, 1871-2 (4). — Nagai Isl., August 1, 1872, Harring- ton (3). MAINE, Aroostook County Mossy woods, St. Francis, August 7, 1893, M. L. Fernald (no. 104) (2, 3, 4, 6).—St. Francis River, August 11, 1902, W. W. Eggleston (no. 3045) (1).— Mapleton, July 11, 1902, Williams, Collins & Fernald (1, 3). —Cedar swamp, Fort Kent, July 8, 1900 (1), 1903 (1), Dr. D. W. Fel- lows ; mossy cedar swamp, July 8, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 16) (1).—Dry mossy pine hillside, Bickerbrook, near Fort Kent, July 16, 1904, Eaton (no. 145) (1). Piscataquis Co.: Mt. Katahdin, Young (3). — In sylvis humidis, Mt. Katah- din, June, 1860, J. W. Chickering (16). — Howard, Susan M. Hallowell (2). — Cedar swamp, moss and moist sphagnum, east end of Deer Pond, July 15, 1905, F. T'. Hubbard (1).— Alder swamp near Beaver Pond by Togue Lake, July 12, 1905, Hubbard (no. 4) (1).—In moss, T. 15, R. 9, July 12, 1905, Hubbard (no. 5) (1). Somerset Co.: In rich, damp woods, John’s Pond, Jackman, July 19, 1903, E. R. Hodson (no. 64) (2). Frankiin Co.: Mossy cedar swamp, Chesterville, July 18, 1902, C. H. [ 130 ] ORCHIDACEA Knowlton (no. 936) (1); evergreen swamp, July 14, 1903, Lillian O. H. obtusata Eaton (1). Hancock Co.: Swamps, Little Cranberry Isl., August 12, 1885, John H. Redfield (4). NEW HAMPSHIRE Woods, side of White Mts., July, 1862, J. Blake (4, 16).— White Mts., June 20, 1860, J. W. Chickering, Jr. (8); damp woods, July 10, 1862, Chickering (2); Oakes (2, 3); August 8, 1881, Warren H. Manning (6). Coos Co.: Mt. Adams, July and August, 1889, Clara E. Cummings (4).— Bogs on mountain side, Crawford House, August 22,1895, E. H. Eames (2). — Wet woods near Crawford’s, July 7, 1878, C. E. Faxon (7).— Base of Mt. Washington, “7, VIII,” 1878, J. 4. Allen (3).— Between Jackson and Carter Notch, July 14, 1890, Faxon (3).— Hermit Lake, Tuckerman’s Ravine, alt. 3800 ft., August 15-20, 1898, W. W. Eggleston (5); July 26, 1882, Jos. Schrenk (6, 10). Grarton Co.: Profile House, July 18, 1892, H. H. Rusby (10).—In moss under dwarf conifers, Mt. Lafayette, July 9, 1891, J. F’. Collins (2). VERMONT Killington Peak, August 10, 1875, Mr. & Mrs. A. P. Morgan (7). Orteans Co.: Willoughby Lake, June, 1889, G. H. Leland (5); July 11, 1903, E. J. Winslow (1); July 29, 1892, H. H. Rusby (10).— Cedar woods, July 27, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 246) (1).—Mt. Annance, Willoughby Lake, July 2, 1834, Boot (8). Essex Co.: Canaan, August 2-12, 1899, W. W. Eggleston (no. 1625) (2). Cateponia Co.: Swamp between Willoughby and West Burke, July 20, 1887, Faxon (3).—Swamps, Sutton, July 15, 1887, Faxon (3); July 15, 1887, Faxon (2, 16).—Peacham, July 21, 1892, Alice F. Stevens (2).— Hollow woods, Peacham, 1881 (8), July 6, 1884 (4), July 17, 1886 (4), July 21, 1892 (4), F. Blanchard. CHITTENDEN Co.: Sphagnous bog, Mt. Mansfield, August 22, 1880, C. G. Pringle (7); shaded sphagnous woods, July 7, 1894, W. W. Eggleston (2). Appison Co.: Lost Pleiad Lake, Hancock, July 18, 1878 (10), June 26, 1883 (1), July 6, 1890 (5), E. Brainerd.— Mountain woods, Hancock, July 18, 1878, Brainerd (7). MASSACHUSETTS, Hampsuire County South Hadley, 1887, 4. C. Clark (2). [ 181 ] ORCHIDACE H. obtusata NEW YORK North woods, August 17, 1879, Lester F'. Ward (2).—In a balsam swamp, St. Regis Falls, June 10, 1903, E. #. Hodson (no. 19) (2). Franxuin Co.: West of Upper Saranac Lake, July 1, 1899, Rowlee, Wie- gand & Hastings (3). Essex Co.: Adirondacks, August 10, 1877, Addison Brown (8).—Upper flank of Whiteface Mt., Adirondacks, July 22, 1870, J. H. Redfield (4). Herkimer Co.: North woods, J. A. Paine (3). MICHIGAN, Istr Royae Deep moist woods, July, 1889, J. H. Sandberg (1, 5). Kewrenaw Co.: Keweenaw Point, 1863, Dr. Robbins (4).— Woods, July, 1888, O. A. Farwell (no. 515) (3).— Low ground, Clifton, August, 1884, F. E. Wood (2).—June, 1886, Farwell (no. 515) (11). Marauette Co.: In swamps of Coniferze, Turin, June 24, 1901, Bronson Barlow (2).— Marquette, July 9, 1883, G. F. A. (2); 1863, Hb. Canby (16). Curprewa Co.: Sault de Ste. Marie, July, 1865, 7’. C. Porter (16). Macxtnac Co.: Mackinac, July 4, 1879, Thos. E. Boyce (1). Cuesoycan Co.: July 13, 1890, H. C. Beardslee (1, 5); cedar swamp, July 10, 1890, Beardslee & Kofoid (4). Ewmetr Co.: Cedar swamp, Little Traverse Bay, August 3, 1897, C. W. Fallass (5). WISCONSIN Door, July 27, 1887, J. H. Schuette (1). Onerpa Co.: Mossy woods, borders of Spirit Lake, June 19, 1898, S. C. Wadmond (5). MINNESOTA Shoot Line Park, July, 1889, F. F. Wood (no. 171) (2). Lake Co.: Two Harbors, July, 1891, J. H. Sandberg (no. 467) (2). Sr. Louts Co.: With Moneses, Mud Lake, Vermillion Lake, July 24, 1886, J. C. Arthur, L. H. Bailey, Jr., & E. W. D. Holway (no. B 380) (38). Betrrami Co.: Bogs, Itaska Lake, June 26, 1891, Sandberg (no. 1054) (8). Wricut Co.: Rich woods, Silver Creek, August 29, 1891, Sandberg (no. 911) (2). MONTANA, FLatHEeap County Columbia Falls, July 6, 1895, R. S. Williams (no. 628) (5). Meacuer Co. : Clendenin, Belt Mts., July 3, 1889, Williams (no. 628) (2). [ 132 ] ORCHIDACEAE WYOMING H. obtusata Soda Butte, Yellowstone Park, July, 1885, Frank Tweedy (2, 16). COLORADO Rocky Mts., 1862, Hall & Harbour (no. 536) (3, 4, 16); 1872, C. C. Parry (16).—Sawatch Range, alt. 10,500 ft., July, 1880, 7. S. Brande- gee (4, 9).—Rocky Mts., 1872, E. L. Greene (9).— Wet places, upper Clear Creek Valley, August 6, 1874, G. Engelmann (4).— Beaver Creek Camp, July 15, 1898 (4).—Rich soil along mountain stream, Berthoud Pass, near Cozzen’s, alt. 8500 ft., August 15, 1884, Chas. S. Sheldon (no. 221) (15). Lortmer Co.: Mountains, 9500 ft., July 7, 1896, C. 8. Crandall (4). Granp Co.: Head-waters of Clear Creek and alpine ridges east of Mid- dle Park, 1861, C. C. Parry (no. 355) (3, 4).— Middle Park, July, 1871, T’. S. Brandegee (no. 135) (38). Summit Co.: Near Breckenridge, August, 1901, alt. 9800 ft., K. K. Mac- kenzie (no. 201) (4), (no. 14) (5). Crear Creek Co.: Wet mossy banks along streams, Berthoud Pass, near Georgetown, 8500 ft., August 15, 1884, Sheldon (no. 221) (2). Lake Co. : Twin Lakes, 10,000 ft., July 31, 1873, J. M. Coulter, Hayden Geological Survey (2).—At 10,000 ft. altitude in the Willis Gulch, July 7, 1896 (Biltmore no. 2525a) (5). La Piatra Co.: Along dark, mossy banks of stream, Chicken Creek, West La Plata Mts., June 27, 1898, Baker, Earl & Tracy (no. 801) (2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 14). NORWAY, Fiymarx Kaafjord prope Alten, Th. M. Fries (3). 21. H. Chorisiana Cham., in Linnea 8:31 (1828); Macoun, Cat. H. Choris- 4: 14 (1888); Grace E. Cooley, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 19: 245 tana (1892). Peristylus Chorisianus Lindl.,Gen. & Sp. Orch. 297 (1835) ; Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 201 (1889); Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 4: 71 (1853). Platanthera Chorisiana Reichb. f., Orch. Eur. 128, t. 83 (435), II-IV, 4-6 (1851); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 615 [ 133 ] ORCHIDACEA H.. Choris- (1899) in part;! Finet, in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 47: 278 (1900). tana “3. HABENARIA Chorisiana. Nob. “P. foliis subradicalibus duobus ovatis, labello integerrimo obtuso lacinias haud excedente, caleare scrotiforme. “Habitat in montosis Unalaschce passim. «Satyrium L. “Transitum generis Platanthera in Gymnadenias galeatas Rich. demonstrans, superiori speciei affinis; diversa: statura mi- nori vix digitali, foliis ovatis, spica pauci- 10-12 flora, bracteis in- structa flores superantibus, cornu scrotiformi etc. Radix: tubera duo fusiformia, gracilia, descendentia, radiculis fibrosis paucis ad collum instructa. Folia vaginantia subradicalia duo, vagina ex- tima aphylla accedente; externum inferumve latius atque obtu- sius, late ovatum, in speciminibus majoribus 16 lineas longum, 10 latum; internum superumve in aliis speciminibus approxi- matum, in aliis paulo altius in caule situm, acutius et angus- tius; rete vasculosum e nervis primariis utrinsecus circiter 6 constans, arcuatis, in apicem submucronulatum conniventibus, venulis obliquis inter se connexis. Caulis digitalis, saepius bre- vior, in unico specimine sexpollicaris, gracilis, supra parte nudus, unicove foliolo instructus sessili lanceolato acuto. Spica unguicu- laris pollicarisve 10-20 flora; bracteze folio caulino similes, varia longitudine, floribus semper longiores; flores quam in prece- dente specie minores, erecti. Germen simile, contortum, erectum, rectum, crassiusculum, maturo fructu ellipsoides. Calyx fornica- tus, laciniis comparibus paulo discedentibus; laciniz exteriores late lanceolatze obtuse; interiores consimiles paulo minores; la- bellum indivisum, obtusum, laciniis brevius, calearatum, calcare brevi scrotiforme.” Cham. Joc. cit. 1 Kranzlin confused the details of H. bracteata on Reichenbach's plate with those of this species and prepared his diagnosis accordingly. [ 134 ] ORCHIDACEAE The only material of H. Chorisiana which I have studied has been immature and unsatisfactory. In the Gray Herbarium there is a single specimen from Unalaska collected by Chamisso. The leaves, two in number, are basal or subradical. Above the leaves there is a single linear bract. The raceme is congested and bears buds only. ALASKA Chamisso (3).—Said by Kriinzlin to have been collected in Unalaska by Eschscholtz. JAPAN According to Finet, loc. cit. 22. H. Hookeri Torr., in hb., ex Gray in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 8: 228 (1835%) first impression.— H. Hookeriana Torr., wn hb., ex Gray in Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 229 (1836) regu- lar issue, in Sill. Journ. 38: 311 (1840); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 167 (1892); Britton & Br., Ul. Fl. 1: 461, f. 1097 (1896); Clute, Fl. Up. Susg. 105 (1898); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Mathews, Field-book 86 (1902); Jelliiffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 30, t. 14 (1905).—H. or- biculata Goldie, in Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 331 (1822); Hook., Exot. F'l. 2: t. 145 (1825), excl. syn.; Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1623 (1832). Not Habenaria orbiculata (Pursh) Torr., 1826 (Orchis orbiculata Pursh). Platanthera Hookeri Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835); Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2:196 (1839); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2:275 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 470 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 8, 445 (1859); Beck, Bot. ed. 2,347 (1856) ; Wood, Class-book 683 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 83 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Correvon, 7 [ 135 ] Hi. Choris- 1ana H. Hookeri ORCHIDACEA H. Hookeri Orch. Rust. 172 (1898); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 624 (1899). —P. Hookeri var. oblongifolia Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 83 (1865). Orchis Hookeri Wood, Am. Bot. & Flor. 827 (1870). Habenaria Hookeri var. oblongifolia Gray, Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), ed. 6, 508 (1890); Macoun, Cat. 4: 18 (1888); Gray, Field, For. & Gard. Bot. rev. ed. 408 (1895).—H. Hookeri Torr., Gray Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), ed. 6, 508 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 326 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878); J. Robinson, Fl. Essex Co. 107 (1880); Arthur,in Proc. Dav. Acad. Nat. Sci. 3: 2 (1880); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Day, Pl. Buffalo 139 (1882) ; Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Jackson, F'. Worcester Co. 32 (1883); Upham, Fl. Minn. 140 (1884); Dudley, Cayuga Fl. 95 (1886); Dame & Collins, Middlesex FI. 103 (1888); Perkins, F1. Vt. 277 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4:17 (1888), Check-list 53 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Rand & Redf., F'. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 102 (1894); Deane, F). Met. Park 79 (1896); Mill. & Whit., Wild Fl. North- east. St. 552, t. (1898); Andrews, Pl. Meriden Mt. no. 213 (1899); Driggs, F\. Conn. 16 (1901); Kennedy, Fl. Willoughby in Rho. 6: 111 (1904). Lysias Hookeriana Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 295 (1901); House, in Torreya 3:51 (1903); Small, in Porter's Fl. Pa. 93 (1903). Habenaria oblongifolia Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 250 (1904). “Scape 8-12 inches high, bearing at the base two orbicular, oval or obovate leaves. Leaves fleshy, smooth and shining, 3-4 inches long. Spike 4-6 inches in length, somewhat loosely flow- [ 136 ] ORCHIDACE ered. Flowers 10-20, yellowish-green, erect or a little spreading, H. Hookeri subsessile. Bractew lanceolate, nearly as long as the flowers. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute; the upper one connivent with the petals, erect ; the lateral ones deflexed, so as to meet posteriorly. Petals a little shorter than the sepals, linear, very acute, dilated at the base. Lip lanceolate, acuminate, scarcely as long as the ovarium, standing forward and somewhat incurved. Spur straight, acute, depending, about twice the length of the ovarium. Cells of the anther linear-clavate, widely separated at the base by the broad stigmatic surface. Ovarium $—# of an inch in length, straight.” Gray, loc. cit. The variety oblongifola is surely only an individual variation. There is a specimen in the Gray Herbarium with leaves about 1 dm. long by about 4 cm. wide, collected at Little Falls, N. Y.., by J. A. Paine, which is typical H. Hookeri var. oblongifolia. In the third volume of the Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, on page 229, Gray published, presumably for the first time, the combination Habenaria Hookeriana, re- ferring to “ Torrey, Herb.” as authority for the name. In the library of the Gray Herbarium there is a copy of Gray’s paper in quite a different edition of the Annals, in which the typo- graphy and pagination are not in agreement with the regular issue and in which, on page 228, Habenaria Hookeri is given in- stead of H. Hookeriana. This copy is accompanied by a manu- script note which states that the first impression was destroyed by fire. In my library there is a copy of the Annals bound up with the original covers. According to this copy it would appear that numbers 5, 6, and 7, in the last of which Gray’s paper was published, were issued simultaneously in April, 1836. Beginning with these numbers the typography of the work changes. In the preceding numbers the typography is in agreement with that of [ 187 ] ORCHIDACE H. Hookeri Gray’s copy to which reference has already been made. On the last page of the cover of the 1836 issue the following notice is printed: “The delay which has occurred in the publication of the present volume has been owing to a series of difficulties and misfortunes beyond the power of the Lyceum to guard against. The remaining numbers, comprising a Monograph of the Cyper- acee of North America by Dr. Torrey, are now in the press, and will be speedily issued.” Although Gray’s paper was not regu- larly published before April, 1836, Lindley, in September, 1835, in his Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants, referred to the Annals, and adopted the specific name Hookeri. This leads naturally to the supposition that Lindley had a copy of the Annals similar to Gray’s, and that originally Gray had adopted Hookeri and not Hookeriana. This also leads to the supposition that the first impression of Gray’s paper may have been in the form of proof-sheets and not a valid publication. As Lindley’s Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants on this assumption antedated Gray’s paper in the second issue of the Annals, it would seem that Hookeri must stand as the correct name of the spe- cies. I have suggested 1835 as the date of the first impression of Gray’s paper, as it was not read until December, 1834. CANADA, Hb. Pursh (3). NOVA SCOTIA, Guyssoroven County Rich woods, Pirates’ Cove, July 6 and 7, 1883, J. Macoun (3, 6); July 7, 1884, Macoun (16). Annapo.is Co.: Annapolis, Macoun (?) (6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Vicroria County Mountain back of Clair’s, July 11, 1904, 4. 4. Eaton (no. 92) (1). NorTHUMBERLAND Co. : Little Miramichi River, July 11, 1892,J. Fowler (2). Kent Co.: In swamps and bogs, Bass River, July 20, 1867, Fowler (6). Yorx Co.: Boggy places, Campbellton, July, 1877, R. Chalmers (6). [ 138 ] ORCHIDACEAE QUEBEC, Rimovsx1 Country H. Hookeri Pine woods at crest of headland south of Anse Original, Bic, July 17, 1904, J. F. Collins & M. L. Fernald (1). ONTARIO, Tuunper Bay Disrricr Pic River, Loring (3). Car.eTon Co.: In swampy woods, Leonard, east of Ottawa, May 16, 1903, J. Macoun (6).—Woods , Rockcliffe, Ottawa, May 8, 1891, J. M. Ma- coun (6). Frontenac Co.: Kingston, June 12, 1886, J. Fowler (4). Hastines Co.: Cedar swamps, July, 1864, J. Macoun (16).—In swamps, Oak Hills, August 16, 1874, Macoun (6). Livcotn Co.: Foster’s Flats, Niagara, June 7, 1891, J. Macoun (6). MAINE, Aroostook County Spruce woods, mountain-side back of hotel, Fort Kent, July 8, 1904, A. A. Eaton (no. 30) (1).— Three and a half miles west of Fort Kent, July 18, 1904, Eaton (no. 154 a) (1). Somerset Co.: In rather flat mixed woods, Skowhegan, July 1, 1903 Eaton (1). Penosscot Co.: Orono, 1882, Mrs. C. H. Fernald (2); June, 1898, P. L. Ricker (no. 424) (2). . Franxun Co.: High woods, Mt. Saddleback, July 16, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (no. 491) (1).— Woodland, North Chesterville, June, 1902, Lillian O. Eaton (1).—Chesterville, July 19, 1902, Knowlton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Woods, Dixfield, June, 1884, J. C. Parlin (3).— Fryeburg, July, 1872, Faxon (3).—Norway, 185-, 4. Gray (3); S. I. Smith (16). Kennesec Co.: Winthrop, 1864, E. L. Sturtevant (4).— Augusta, June 20 and 29, 1886, EF. C. Smith (4). CumBERLAND Co.: Harrison, 4. P. Chute (3). York Co.: Near Long Pond, East Parsonsfield, June 6, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1).—North Parsonsfield, June 19, 1902, Flora L. Gerrish (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE White Mts., Susan M. Hallowell (2). Coos Co.: Shelburne, July, 1872, Faxon (3). Grarton Co.: Forest Hills, Franconia, September 30, 1892, Faxon (3); Wallace Hill, Franconia, July 26, 1891, Fazon (3); June 9, 1893, Faxon (3). — Holderness, June 6, 1886, Faxon (3).— Rather open woods, [ 139 | H. Hookeri ORCHIDACE Breezy Hill, Lisbon, May 24, 1903, J. G. Hall (1); May 31, 1903, Hall (3). Carro.t Co.: On way to Sandwich Dome, 2000 ft., Sandwich, June 17, 1899, John H. Sears (3). —Dry woods on mossy knolls Green Mts., Effing- ham, June, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1). Hitssoroucw Co.: Milford, June, 1902, J. 4. Wheeler (1). VERMONT, Or.eans County Willoughby Mt., August, 1865, Dr. F. J. Bumstead (6). Ca.eponi4 Co. : Barnet, June 29, 1888, Dr. F. Blanchard (2, 4). CuitrENDEN Co.: Hills, under poplars, Charlotte, June 1, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7); June 9, 1876, Pringle (1). —Burlington, May, 1891, L. R. Jones (2) (5). Appison Co.: Lost Pleiad Lake, Hancock, June 10, 1902, E. Brainerd (1). — Monkton, October 9, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7).— Middlebury, June 20, 1880, Thos. E. Boyce (1); June 6, 1886, Brainerd (1, 5).—Salisbury, July 25, 1903, W. W. Eggleston (1). Rurtanp Co.: Rutland, July 14, 1898, Eggleston (5). Bennineton Co. : Manchester, June 27, 1898, Mary A. Day (no. 170)(2,3,5). MASSACHUSETTS, Worcester County Worcester, Hb. Gray (3). Frank in Co.: Shelburne, June 24, 1873, Miss S. E. Anderson (10). HampsHirE Co.: Mt. Holyoke, June 9, 1869, H. G. Jesup (16).—Rich soil, foot of Holyoke Range,South Hadley, May 27, 1905, R. G. Leavitt (1). HampvEN Co.: Westfield, 1873, H. H. Rusby (10).— Granville, June, 1883, A. B. Seymour (1). CONNECTICUT, Minpiesex County Middletown, June, 1835, S. B. Buckley (4). NEW YORK, Herkimer County Little Falls, S. H. Wright (1); July, 1854, J..A. Paine (3) (H. oblongifolia). — Herkimer, 4. Gray (3). Wasuincton Co.: Dry woods, lower Adirondacks, June 28, 1892, Stewart H. Burnham (14).— Mountain woods, west of Fort Ann, June 30, 1892, Burnham (1). — East Greenwich, 1867, Dr. Asa Fitch (10).— Fort Edward, 1892, W. W. Jefferis (4). Cayuca Co.: Owasco, June 15, 1885, F. V. Coville (2). Ononpaca Co.: Otisco, §. N. Cowles (no. 868) (4).— Manlius, June 3, 1839, Calvin C. Bayley (18). [ 140 ] ORCHIDACEA OrsEco Co.: Cooperstown, August, 1886, Rev. C. H. Hall (11). H. Hookeri Yares Co.: Penn Yan, Dr. Sartwell (3). Tompkins Co.: Near Ithaca, June 8, 1885, O. E. Pearce (2).— Turkey Hill. Ithaca, October 15, 1892, Jos. Schrenk (4).—Devil’s Glen, Ithaca, July 6, 1878, Wm. T release (4).— Ball Hill, near Danby, July 22, 1893, Schrenk (4). Cuemune Co.: Rich upland woods, rare, June 16, 1898, Dr, T. F. Lucy (no. 699) (5). Suiuivan Co.: Cochecton, August 10, 1889, H. Schrenk (4). WesrcuEstEr Co.: Peekskill, June, Hb. Thurber (3). PENNSYLVANIA, Munroe County Delaware Water Gap, 1874, S. W. Knipe (16).—Fox Hill, June, 1872, Knipe (2, 4). Buair Co.: Bald Eagle Furnace, June 3, 1860, Bocking (3). OHIO Wm. Krebs (1). MICHIGAN Michigan (3). Keweenaw Co. : Evergreen woods, frequent, August, 1890, 0.4. Farwell (3). —Copper Harbor, August 15, 1888, Farwell (11).—Rich woods, Ke- weenaw Point, July 7, 1884, F. E. Wood (2). Monrcatm Co.: Stanton, 1878, Erwin F. Smith (no. 41) (2). Tonia Co.: Hubbardston, May, 1876, C. F. Wheeler (8). Sr. CLarr Co.: Ann Arbor, May 28, 1863, Lewis Foote (16).— Port Huron, June 21, 1896, Chas. K. Dodge (5). Wayne Co.: Near Detroit, June 21, 1863, Wm. Boott (3). WISCONSIN, Oconto County June, F’. H. Plumb (2). Door Co.: Newport, June 22, 1883, J. H. Schuette (1). Dane Co.; Madison, 1890, L. S. Cheney (3). MitwavxeE Co.: Woods, Milwaukee, June, 1843, J. 4. Lapham (4). MINNESOTA, Betrrami County Copse, Itasca Lake, July, 1891, Geo. B. Aiton (2); bogs, Itasca Lake, June 30, 1891, J. H. Sandberg (no. 1102) (2). Cass Co.: Lake Kilpatrick, June, 1893, C. 4. Ballard (5). Cuisaco Co.: Franconia, 1890, J. M. Holzinger (2). GoopuvE Co.: Zumbrota, June, 1892, A. L. Ballard (2, 5, 14). [141 ] ORCHIDACEE H.. Hookeri lOWA, Fayerre County Fayette, June, 1893, B. Fink (2). H.orbiculata 23. H. orbiculata (Pursh)! Torr., Comp. 318 (1826); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 689 (1826) ; Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1623 (1832); Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 228 (1836); Dewey, Herba- ceous P]. Mass. 198 (1840); Gray, in Sill. Journ. 28: 311 (1840); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), ed. 6, 508 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Wills, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Swezey, Cat. Pl. Wisc. (1877); Yale Cat. 45 (1878); J. Rob- inson, Fl. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Upham, Fl. Minn. 140 (1884); Dudley, Cayuga FI. 95 (1886); DMacoun, Cat. 4:18 (1888); Dame & Collins, F\. Middlesex 103 (1888); Perkins, F1. Vt. 277 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, Fl. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 101, f. 31 (1894); Rand & Redf., Fl. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); Holzinger, in Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3: 252 (1895); Millsp. & Nutt., Fl. W. Va. 200 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. FL. 1: 461, f. 1096 (1896); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 106 (1898); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 830 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900); Gattinger, Fl. Tenn. 62 (1901); Howell, Fl. Nw. Amer. 629 (1902); Mathews, Field-book 86 (1902); Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 250 (1904); Kennedy, F1. Willoughby in Rho. 6: 111 (1904); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 25, 29, 53, t. 18 (1905); Ames, in Rho. 8: 1, fig. (1906). Not H. orbiculata Hook., Exot. Fl. (= H. Hooker). POrchis bifolia Forst., Cat. Pl. N. A. 39 (1771), not L.— PO. lata Walt., F). Carol. 220 (1788).—O. orbiculata Pursh, 1 Nearly all the works cited include H. macrophylla. [ 142 ] ORCHIDACE Fl. 2: 588 (1814); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 375 (1824); Torr., Cat. H.orbiculata N. Y. 69 (1819); Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 819 (1824), ed. 3, 342 (1840); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 5382 (1856); Provanch., F]. Canad. 2: 565 (1862). Platanthera orbiculata Lindl.,Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835) ; Darl., F). Cestr. ed. 1, 505 (1887), ed. 3, 311 (1853); Hook., FI. Bor. Am. 2: 196, t. 200 (1839); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 361 (1840); Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Torr., FI. N. Y. 2: 274 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 470 (1848), ed. 2, 444 (1856), ed. 3, 444 (1859); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 346 (1856); Chapm., Fl. S. U. S. ed. 1, 459 (1860), ed. 2, 459 (1884), ed. 3, 485 (1897); Wood, Class-book 683 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 83 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Tracy, Essex Fl. 81 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 174 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 624 (1899).—P. Menziesii Lind/., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 197 (1839); Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 174 (1893). Not P. Menziesu Kranzl. (= H. elegans). Habenaria Menziesii Macoun, Cat. 4:17 (1888). Lysias orbiculata Rydb., in Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 108 (1900), in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901); Small, in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 93 (1903) ; House, in Torreya 3: 51 (1903); Hggleston, in Torreya 4:66 (1904); Harshburger, in Torreya 5: 192 (1905); Piper, Fl. Wash. in Contr. Nat. Herb. 11: 208 (1906). “orbiculata. 16. O. labello lineari integerrimo obtusiusculo, petalis 3. superioribus conniventibus, 2. lateralibus patentibus basi obliquis, cornu germine longiore, scapo basi diphyllo, foliis planis orbiculatis. “In shady beech-woods: on the mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia. 2. July, Aug. v. v. Resembles O. bifolia. Two leaves of a fleshy texture are spread flat on the ground, between [ 143 ] ORCHIDACE H. orbiculata which rises the stalk about a foot or eighteen inches high, which bears a loose spike of greenish-white flowers. It is known in the mountains by the name of Heal-all.” Pursh, loc. cit. In the herbarium at Kew there is a specimen of Habenaria » orbiculata which appears to be the type. On the reverse of the sheet on which it is mounted, in the upper left-hand corner, the name “Fred Pursh” is written. Presumably, this specimen was obtained by Hooker when the Lambert collection was sold, as Lambert possessed Pursh’s herbarium. The specimen in question is surely conspecific with Platanthera Menziesi.} LABRADOR Labrador Swamp, Ryegate, July 8, 1884, Dr. F. Blanchard (4). NOVA SCOTIA, Vicrorta County New Campbellton, July 23, 1897, David White & Chas. Schuchert (no. 25) (2). Inverness Co.: Rich woods, Whycocomagh, July 20, 1883, J. Macoun (6). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, Queens County Shady woods, Brackley Point, August 14, 1888, J. Macoun (6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Vicroria Country Boggy woods, Little Tobique River, July, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6). — Ever- green forest back of Clair’s, July 11, 1904, 4.4. Eaton (no. 93) (1). NorTHUMBERLAND Co.: Woods, Nepisiquit River, August, 1902, Robert Johnstone (6).— Deep woods, Nepisiquit Lake, July, 1884, 2. Chalmers (3). —Little Branch, Miramichi, July 11, 1892, J. Fovwler (7). Kent Co.: Bass River, July 27, 1870, Fow/er (8). QUEBEC, GasrrE Country In rich damp woods, Ste. Anne des Monts, August 9, 1883, Porter (6); rich cool woods, rather rare, August 22, 1882, J. Macoun (6).—Swamp, Little Metis, August, 1902, E. C. Jeffrey (1). Quesec Co.: Lake Edward, August 11, 1897, J. W. Blankinship (1). Orrawa Co. : In woods north of the railway station, Wakefield, August 10, 1903, Macoun (6). 1For a detailed study of H. orbiculata, H. macrophylla and Platanthera Menziesii refer- ence should be made to Rhodora 8: 1 (1906). [ 144 ] ORCHIDACE ONTARIO, Tuunper Bay Districr H. orbiculata Rich woods, Lake Nipigon, July 12, 1884, J. Macoun (6). RENFREW Co.: Swamp, Golden Lake, July 27, 1899, L. M. Umbach (2). Nipissine Disr.: In woods, Island Lake, Algonquin Park, July 18, 1900, Macoun (6). Hasrtines Co.: Pine woods, North Hastings, July 12, 1878, Macown (6). —Rich woods, east of Belleville, July, 1870, Macoun (6). Wetuincron Co.: Puslinch Lake, August 8, 1904, 4. B. Klugh (1). York Co.: Near Toronto, July 3, 1898 (Biltmore no. 2524a) (5). MANITOBA In rich woods, Swan Lake, July 10, 1881, Macown (6). BRITISH COLUMBIA (?) Northwest America, Menzies (19, 20), (type of Platanthera Menziesii). New WeEsruinstEr Co, : In damp woods, Burrard Inlet, June, 1892, Law (6). Koorenay Disr.: Deep woods near Ward’s, Kootenay River, July 17, 1890, Macoun (6).—Rich woods, Donald, July 17, 1885, Macoun (6); July 9, 1885, Macoun (16).—Rich woods, Kootenay Lake, July 8, 1889, Daw- son (6).— Woods, Grand Fork, head-waters of Frazer River, July 22, 1898, W. Spreadborough (6).— Nelson, September, 1903, E. Jacobs (1).— Moss in damp woods, Armstrong, July 16, 1904, E. Wilson (1). Yate Disr.: Rich woods, Sicamous, July 8, 1889, Macoun (6).—Chilli- wack Lake, July 24, 1901, J. M. Macoun (1); July 31, 1901, Macoun (1). ALASKA Port Chester (9).— Karta Bay, Prince of Wales Isl., 1901-2, C. F. New- combe (no. 119) (3). MAINE, Aroosroox County Cold woods, St. Francis, July 31, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7).—Very abundant in mossy spruce woods, valley of St. Francis River, August 11, 1902, W. W. Eggleston & M. L. Fernald (1,3). — Deep humus of evergreen for- est, St. John’s Plantation, July 20, 1904, 4. 4. Eaton (no. 205 in part) (1). Piscataquis Co.: Deciduous woods, North Squaw Brook, July 6, 1895, Fernald (no. 273) (3, 4).—Open rich mixed woods, trail to Deer Pond, July 24, 1905, F. 7’. Hubbard (no. 11) (1). Hancock Co.: Swamp, Seal Harbor, Mt. Desert, July 28, 1885, John H. Redfield (4). Oxrorp Co.: Norway, S. J. Smith (3). : [ 145 ] ORCHIDACE H.orbiculata NEW HAMPSHIRE White Mts., Susan M. Hallowell (2).— Shady woods, White Mts., July 13, 1862, J. W. Chickering, Jr. (2, 8). Coos Co.: Woods at base of Mt. Washington, August, 1860, Wm. M. Canby (16).—Annie’s Glen, Crawford’s, September 9, 1893, Faxon (3). — Woods back of Mt. Pleasant House, July 19, 1891, Faxon (3).— Base of Mt. Washington, August 8, 1855, Wm. Boott (3). Grarton Co.: Franconia, September 24, 1895, Faxon (3), July 26, 1891, Faxon (3); deserted farm, Franconia, September 24, 1895, Faxon (3); Pond Brook back of deserted farm, September 23, 1888, Faxon (3). — Breezy Hill, Lisbon, July 25, 1903, J. G. Hail (3). VERMONT, Orteans County Cold brook, Willoughby Lake, July 21, 1887, Fazon (3). CateponiA Co,: Peacham, July 25, 1888, #. Blanchard (2); July 31, 1884, Blanchard (4). Appison Co.: Middlebury, August 1, 1880, Thos. E. Boyce (1).—Lost Pleiad Lake, Green Mts., 1875, Wm. E. Safford (no. 426) (2).—Ripton, alt. 1500 ft., July 18, 1878, EF. Brainerd (5). MASSACHUSETTS, Mippiesex County Abundant, Sherbourne, July 13, 1890, FE. L. Sturtevant (4). FRANKLIN Co.: Shelburne, June 15, 1873, S. E. Anderson (10). BerxsuirE Co.: Washington, July 4, 1856, Wm. Boott (3). HampsnireE Co.: Cummington, 1838, Dr. Dwight (4). NEW YORK North woods, August 15, 1879, Lester F. Ward (2). Essex Co,: Between Mirror Lake and Lake Placid, July 9, 1903, Miss Jessie Ames (1).— West of Upper Saranac Lake, July 3, 1899, Rowlee, Wie- gand & Hastings (3). Herxmer Co.: Near North Lake, July, 1897, Dr. Joseph V. Haberer (no. 1384) (3). Wasuincton Co.: East Greenwich, 1869, Dr. Asa Fitch (10). Ownonpaca Co.: Manlius (?), August, 1837, J. D. Dana (18); 1845, Dr. W. M. S(mith?) (18). Yates Co.: S. H. Wright (1). Cotumsia Co.: Dark woods, rare, Lebanon Spa, July 14, 1888 (2). GreENE Co.: Catskill Mts., 1845, Geo. Thurber (3); July, 1868, Wm. M. Canby (16). [ 146 ] ORCHIDACE PENNSYLVANIA H. orbiculata ? Pursh (20), (type of Orchis orbiculata). WEsrMorELAND Co.: June 21, 1878, P. E. Pierron (8). Carson Co.: Hemlock woods near Moses’ Lake, Pocono Mt., August 20, 1863, Dr. T'raill Green (3, 16); hemlock woods, June, 1867, Wm. M. Canby (16). Buair Co.: 1870, Miss N. J. Davis (2). Cuester Co.: West Chester, 1891, W. W. Jefferis (2). MARYLAND, Garrerr County Damp hemlock forest, July 14, 1885, John Donnell Smith (16). VIRGINIA May, 1838, S. B. Buckley (4). NORTH CAROLINA, BuncomsE County Roandale Farm, July 8, 1895, 4. G. Wetherby (no. 148) (2). SOUTH CAROLINA September, 4. Gray (?) (3).— In montibus Caroline et Georgie, 1842, S. B. Buckley (4). TENNESSEE East Tennessee, June, 1870, C. C. Parry (2). WEST VIRGINIA, Preston County Aurora, 3000 ft., September 9, 1898, Mr. & Mrs. E. S. Steele (2). OHIO, Cuyanoca County Near Cleveland, Wm. Krebs (1). ILLINOIS, Kane County Aurora, 1885, Thomas Boyce (2). (This may have been collected at Wi- nona, Minn.) MICHIGAN, Keweenaw County Clifton, June, 1884, O. A. Farwell (11).— Keweenaw Point, 1863, Dr. Robbins (no. 25) (4). Marauetre Co.: Thirty-five miles north of Marquette, July 24, 1887, Wm. Trelease (4).—In a swamp of Conifer, Turin, July 15, 1901, Bronson Barlow (1). WISCONSIN Pine woods, northern Wisconsin, July, 1883, Dr. H. E. Hasse (8). Door Co.: Ephraim, July 23, 1863, Lewis Foote (16).— Mink River, Death- door Point, July 26, 1887, J. H. Schuette (1). [ 147 ] ORCHIDACEA H.orbiculata MINNESOTA Rat Lake, July 18, 1891, F. F. Wood (2). Laxe Co.: Two Harbors, July 9, 1891, J. H. Sandberg (2). Sr. Louis Co.: Pine woods, sixteen miles west of Duluth, July, 1889, Wood (2). Betrrami Co.: Swamps, Lake Itasca, June, 1891, Geo. B. Aiton (1, 5, 14); July 9, 1891, Sandberg (no. 1185) (2). Cass Co.: “This small form is rather common,” Mud Lake, July 24. 1886, J. C. Arthur, L. H. Bailey, Jr.. & E. W. D. Holway (no. B 377) (3). Anoka Co.: Centreville, July 30, 1891, Sandberg (no. 710) (2). Maartin Co.: Rose Lake, July 13, 1891, Wood (8). MONTANA, FiatHEeap County Woods near upper Flathead River, July 26, 1883, Wm. M. Canby (no. 312) (3).—Deep woods north of Flathead Lake, July 29, 1883, Canby (no. 312) (16).—Near Whitefish Lake, August 25, 1892, R. S. Williams (no. 920) (1, 2, 5). IDAHO, Koorenar County West fork Priest River, alt. 900 m., August 4, 1897, John B. Lei- berg (no. 2839) (2). —Deep forests, Fourth of July Canon, alt. 850 m., July 21, 1895, Letberg (no. 1331) (2).—Lake Pend d’Oreille, July 28, 1892, Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller (no. 767) (2, 3). LaranH Co.: Janesville, July 24, 1898, C. V. Piper (1). WASHINGTON Cascade Mts., 49° N. lat., 1859, Dr. Lyall (3).—From Fort Colville to Rocky Mts., 1861, Dr. Lyall (3).—Puget Sound and interior of the country, 1838-42, Wilkes Expedition (no. 453) (2).—1889, Geo. R. Vasey, (no. 80) (2). Srevens Co.: Rare, Calespell Lake, July 30, 1902, Frank O. Kreager (no. 342) (2, 3). SnoHomisH Co.: Index, July, 1898, 7. E. Savage, J. E. Cameron & F. E. Lenocker (4). Kine Co. : Snoqualmie, June 4, 1889, E. C. Smith (4). —Green River Hot Springs, 1888, C. V. Piper (3). [ 148 ] ORCHIDACE/#Z 24. H. macrophylla Goldie, in Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 331 (1822); H. macro- Hook., Exot. F. 2: sub t. 145 (1825); Torr., Comp. 318 (1826); phylla Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (1833); Ames, in Rho. 8:1, fig. (1906), in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 310 (1908); Knight, in Rho. 8: 188 (1906); Macoun, in Ottawa Nat. 20: 139 (1906). Platanthera orbiculata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 286 (1835), and of authors in part. Habenaria orbiculata Gray, Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), and of authors in part, not H. orbiculata Hook. Lysias orbiculata Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 294 (1901) in part.— L. macrophylla Howse, in Muhlenb. 1: 127 (1906). “Habenaria macrophylla, labello lineari-elongato integerrimo, anthera basi utrinque producta, cornu germine duplo longiore, foliis binis planis elliptico-orbiculatis. “ Hab. Moist shady woods, Island of Montreal. Very rare. “Of all the Orchideous plants which I have seen in North America, this is, without a question, the largest and most striking. It must rank next to Habenaria orbiculata (Orchis of Pursh and Nuttall), having, like it, two plane, orbicular, approaching to elliptical, leaves, which spring from immediately above the fas- ciculated root, and which, in this plant, are four times as large as those of H. orbiculata, measuring from six to eight inches in length, very thin and pellucid, beautifully marked with longitu- dinal and transverse veins. The scape is equally long in propor- tion, and is furnished with a few lanceolate scales. Bracteas sim- ilar to these, and shorter than the germen. Flowers large, white, resembling those of H. bifolia, and arranged in a lax spike of about five or six inches in length. The three superior petals are connivent, the wppermost is nearly orbicular, the others ovate, attenuated, the two /ateral ones of the same shape, but much larger, reflexed, their bases decurrent with the labellum, which, [ 149 ] ORCHIDACE H. macro- standing forwards, is linear, as long as the germen, quite entire. phylla Germen about an inch in length, slender, tapering down into a footstalk. Column of fructification very short. Anther large, broad, much like that of H. bifolia, but having the base of the cells remarkably apart and elongated into two projecting horns. Pollen-mass yellow, with a very long footstalk, and a jointed gland at the base. Stigma large, viscid.” Goldie, loc. cit. CANADA Goldie (20), type. NEWFOUNDLAND Moist woods, Whitbourne, August 15, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (3, 6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Vicroria County Moist spruce woods near Clair’s, July 11, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 93) (1). ONTARIO, Musxoxa District Shady woods, Muskoka, July 10, 1892, W. Spreadborough (6). MAINE Northern Maine, Susan M. Hallowell (2). Aroostook Co.: Hilltop, in deciduous woods, Bickerbrook, three miles east of Fort Kent, July 15, 1904, 4. 4. Eaton (1).—Hillside in woods three and a half miles west of Fort Kent, July 18, 1904, Eaton (no. 160) (1).— Deep humus of evergreen woods, St. John’s Plantation, July 20, 1904, Eaton (no. 205, in part) (1). Frankuin Co.: Dark woods, Farmington, July 25, 1902, Clarence H. Knowlton (no. 435) (1).—Rich woodland, South Chesterville, July 18. 1903, Lillian O. Eaton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Norway, S. I. Smith (3). Kewnesec Co.: Augusta, July 3, 1886, EF. C. Smith (4). York Co.: Deep, low woods, North Parsonsfield, June 28, 1902, R. G. Leavitt (1); July, 1902, Leavitt (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Cuesrer Country Rich woods, Jaffrey, July 9, 1897, B. L. Robinson (no. 191) (3). Rocxincuam Co.: Derry, Seeman (2). [ 150 ] ORCHIDACEA VERMONT, Apprson Country Cold woods, Monkton, July 12 and October 9, 1878, C. G. Pringle (7). MASSACHUSETTS, Essex Country , Salisbury, 1895, 4. 4. Eaton (1); low hemlock and pine woods, July 3, 1904, Haton (1). MuwpreseEx Co.: South Framingham, July 13, 1890, E. L. Sturtevant (4). —In open pine woods, North Tewksbury, near Lowell, June 28, 1902, Oakes & Blanche Ames (1). Prymovutn Co.: Brockton, July 16, 1903, O. Ames & A. A. Eaton (1) (leaves only). CONNECTICUT, Lircurieip County Pine woods, Norfolk, July 6, 1889, J. H. Barbour (4). NEW YORK West New York, 4. Gray (3). Herkimer Co.: Rich woodlands, Frankfort Hill, six miles south of Utica, June 27, 1903, Dr. J. V. Haberer (no. 886) (3). Wasuincton Co.: Dark woods north end of Podunk Pond, west of Fort Ann, June 26, 1896, Stewart H. Burnham (1). Cuenanco Co.: Bainbridge, July 20, 1897, D. LeRoy Topping (2). MICHIGAN, Keweenaw County Rich wood, Keweenaw Point, July 25, 1884, Frank E. & Floy J. Wood (2); evergreen woods, infrequent, August, 1890, O. A. Farwell (3); woods, 1863, J. W. Robbins (3). Curzsoycan Co.: C. H. Beardslee (2). 25. H. cristata (Michx.) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810), in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2,5:194 (1813); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 690 (1826) ; Torr., Comp. 317 (1826); Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1661 (1832); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 501 (1867), ed. 6, 508 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Tracy, Fl. Mo. 84 (1886); Gattinger, Tenn. Fl. 83 (1887); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Britton & [ 151 ] Hi. macro- phylla H. cristata ORCHIDACE H. cristata Br., Ti. Fl. 1: 464, f. 1106 (1896); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900), in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 522 (1901); Harper, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 27: 418 (1900); Gattinger, FI. Tenn. 62 (1901); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Mathews, Field-book 88 (1902); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 47, t. 22 (1905). Orchis floribus aureis, spica habitiore congestis: brac- teis longitudine floris: labio inferiore nectarii fimbriato capillaceo, seta germine breviore. Clayt. n. 688 Gron., Fl. Virg. ed. 1, 184 (1739), ed. 2, 187 (1762). Orchis psycodes L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 943 (1753), ed. 2, 1336 (1763); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 40 (1805); Muhl, Cat. 80 (1813); Elliott, Sketch 2: 485 (1824). All as to Gron., Fl. Virg. 184.— O. cristata Michx., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 156 (1803); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 9 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 503 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 585 (1814); Nutt., Gen. 2: 188 (1818); T'orr., Cat. N. Y. 68 (1819); Elliott, Sketch 2: 483 (1824); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 534 (1856). Not O. cristata Barton, Comp. Fl. Phil. 2: 188 (1818). Platanthera cristata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 291 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 471 (1848), ed. 2, 445 (1856), ed. 3, 445 (1859); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2, 460 (1884), ed. 3, 486 (1897); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Wood, Class-book 684 (1861) ; Correvon, Orch. Rust. 169 (1898) ; Krénzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 603 (1899). (See Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 200.) Blephariglottis cristata Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2:38 (1836); Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 295 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 313 (1908); Lighthipe, in Torreya 3: 80 (1903). “Cristava. QO. bulbis indivisis: foliis lanceolatis: spica flori- bus confertis, parvulis, luteis: cornu dimidii ovarii longitudine: [ 152 ] ORCHIDACE# laciniis duabus interioribus rotundatis, cristato-denticulatis: la- bello oblongo, pennatim lacero. ‘*Obs. Affinis O. ciliari. Ovarium itidem superne setaceo-attenuatum. ‘* Hab. in sylvis Caroline.” Michx. loc. cit. NEW JERSEY New Calverly (3). Buruincron Co.: Swamps, Quaker Bridge, August, 1862, Canby (16). CambEN Co.: Winslow, August, 1878, Isaac C. Martindale (2).— Griffith’s, six and a half miles southeast of Philadelphia, August 10, C. £. Smith (3). Attantic Co.: Bogs near Egg Harbor City, July 28, 1878, C. F. Parker (no. 11,543) (4). PENNSYLVANIA T’.. C. Porter (3).— Muhlenberg (13). DELAWARE Sussex Cap, July, 1878, Wm. M. Canby (8).— Lewiston, July, 1878, Canby (3). SussEx Co.: Meadows, Ellendale, August, 1874, Canby (16).—Swamps, Rehoboth, July, 1879, Canby (5).—Swamp, one mile south of Lewes, July 27, 1878, Canby (16). MARYLAND Annandale (?) 1898, Dr. Gerrit S. Miller (2). BattimoreE Co.: Baltimore (3). Worcester Co.: Ocean City, July 25, 1878, 4. Commons (10, 16). VIRGINIA, NansEmonp County Near Suffolk, July 11, 1898, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (no. 1575) (2); July 18, 1898, Kearney (no. 1708) (2). NORTH CAROLINA In sylvis Caroline, florib. luteis, autumnus floret? Hb. Michaux (21), type. Cuowan Co.: Edenton, July 29, 1898, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (no. 1890) (2). Wake Co.: Raleigh, September 13, 1897, W. W. Ashe (2). HeEnpbErson Co.: Swamps of Muddy Creek, August 20, 1881, John Don- nell Smith (2, 3). Craven Co.: Swamps near Newbern, July 21, 1897 (Biltmore Dist. no. 4887 a) (2, 3, 4, 5); Newbern, July 31, 1898 (no. 1944), August 1, 1898, (no. 1964), Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (2). [ 153 ] H. cristata ORCHIDACE Hi. cristata Cumserzanp Co.: Low ground, Fayetteville, August 13, 1903 (Biltmore no. 4887h) (5). SOUTH CAROLINA, Ricutanp County Small sphagnum swamp, Columbia, August 1, 1900 (Biltmore no. 4887 d) (5). AIKEN Co.: Aiken, August 27, 1866, W. Ravenell (4). Berxe.ey Co.: Summerville, August, 1893, J. B. (5). Beaurort Co.: Beaufort district, 1886, Dr. Mellichamp (10).— Bluffton, 1873, Mellichamp (16). GEORGIA, Dopcer County Moist pine barrens, Eastman, August 7, 1901 (Biltmore no. 4887) (5). Sumter Co.: Moist pine barrens, July 26, 1901, Roland M. Harper (no. 1122) (2, 3, 4). Tuomas Co.: Thomasville, August 4-14, 1903, Mrs. A. P. Taylor (1); July 18, 1905, Mrs. Taylor (1). FLORIDA Chapman (2, 4, 5, 8, 16). Dovat Co.: August, 1876, 4. H. Curtiss (7).—Moist pine barrens near Jacksonville, August, 1877, Curtiss (no. 2758) (2, 4, 6, 8); August 6, 1894, Curtiss (no. 5120) (14).—San Pablo, July 25, 1896, L. H. Light- hipe (no. 440) (5). Mapison Co. : Damp, dark, fertile hammock woods near a pond, August 2, 1898, Combs (2). GapspEN Co.: Quincy, September 4, 1895, Geo. V. Nash (no. 2560) (2, 3, 4). Wasuincton Co.: Swamps, Point Washington, August 10, 1901 (Bilt- more no. 4887 f) (5). Sr. Joun Co.: St. Augustine, 1877, Mary C. Reynolds (8). Hernanpo Co.: June—July, 1898, 4. S. Hitchcock (A). OrancEe Co.: Oviedo, July, 1904, T. L. Mead (1).—Sanford, July 29, 1895, Nash (no. 2274) (10). ALABAMA, Cutitman County Cullman, August 5, 1896, Chas. Mohr (12). TuscaLoosa Co.: Low grassy pine barrens, June, E. A. Smith (12),— Wet soil, Tuscaloosa, August 1, 1899 (Biltmore no. 4887b) (5). Cray Co.: August 24, 1897, F. S§. Earle (14). [ 154 ] ORCHIDACEH Ler Co.: Auburn, August 11, 1897, F. S. Earle & C.F. Baker (no. 739) H. cristata (4, 14). Burter Co.: In swamps near Greenville, August 11, 1899 (Biltmore no. 4887 c) (5). MositE Co.: Mobile, 1872, Wm. Harvey (no. 39) (2); July 21, 1905, W. C. Dukes (1).—Common in swamp, Spring Mill, August 1, 1897, B. F. Bush (no. 87) (2, 4). MISSISSIPPI, Harrison Country Biloxi, July 26, 1896, C. L. Pollard (no. 1038) (2, 3, 4, 5).—July 29, 1899, S. M. Tracy (no. 5080) (5).—July 23, 1897, C. F. Baker (14). Hancock Co.: July 28, 1887, H. V. Arnz (4). TENNESSEE, Putnam County Swampy ground, August 8, 1900 (Biltmore no, 4887e) (5). CorreE Co.: Tullahoma, August, 1878, Dr. 4. Gattinger (7). Frank.in Co.: Sewanee, August 1, 1878, Gattinger (8). ARKANSAS, Putasxi County Little Rock, July, 1885 (11). LOUISIANA Hale (3).—Paroisse des Rapides, 1839, Prof. Steinhauer (4).— Alden- bridge, November 1, 1898, Wm. T'release (4). x H. Chapmanii (Small) comb. nov. (H. ciliaris x H. cris- tata). Blephariglottis Chapmanii Small, Fl. Se. U.S. 314 (1908). “Roots coarse; stems 6-10 dm. tall: leaves few; blades broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, 1-2 dm. long or shorter above, acute, the lower ones with clasping bases, the upper reduced to sessile bracts: spikes cylindric, about 1 dm. long, 4 cm. thick, many- flowered: perianth deep orange: sepals about 4 mm. long, the lateral suborbicular, the other concave, often notched at the apex: lateral petals fan-shaped, 3.5—4 mm. long, pectinate-fringed : lip about 1 cm. long, the body linear, with a terminal drooping fringe of 6-8 simple or forking hair-like appendages and 2 basal stag- horn-like forking appendages: spur as long as the ovary or longer. [ 155 ] x HI. Chap- mani x H. Chap- manit Hi. ciliaris ORCHIDACE “In pine woods, Apalachicola, Florida, Summer.” Small, loc. cit. FLORIDA, Franxiin County Low pine woods near Apalachicola, 1868, Dr. Sawrman (4, 5); Chap- man (5); 1882, Chapman (3). Duvat Co.: Moist pine barrens near Jacksonville, August, A. H. Curtiss (no. 2758) (3); August 6, 1894, Curtiss (no. 5120) (2). 26. H. ciliaris (L.) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810), in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 194 (1813), Miscellaneous Bot. 2: 477; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1668 (1814); Lindl., in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10, 332 (1823); Zorr., Comp. 317 (1826); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 690 (1826); Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 1826 (1882) ; Short, Cat. Ky.7 (1883); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 348 (1833); Gray, in Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 230 (1836); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 507 (1837); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 259 (1840); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 198 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 526 (1866); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878); J. Robinson, F1. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Gard. Chron. n. s. 14: 305 (1880); Ward, Fl. Wash. 119 (1881); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 87 (1882); Galen, FI. Lane. Co. (1884), (1895), 15 (1898); Gattinger, Tenn. FI. 83 (1887); Macoun, Cat. 4:18 (1888); Dame & Collins, F\. Middle- sex 103 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 278 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 234 (1889); Macoun, Check-list 53 (1889); Watson, Orch. Cult. ed. 1, 527 (1890), ed. 2, 527 (1895); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Morong, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 86 (1893); Williams, Orch. Grow. Man. ed. 7, 417 (1894); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 90, 113-115, f. 35 (1894) ; [ 156 ] ORCHIDACE Moran, in Journ. des Orch. 6: 254 (1895); Britton & Br., Ill. H. ciliaris Fl. 1: 464, f. 1167 (1896); Millsp. & Nutt., Fl. W. Va. 200 (1896) ; Kearney, in Bail. Cyel. Am. Hort. 2: 706, f.1015 (1900); Meehan, Monthly 10: 17, t. 2 (1900); Gattinger, F 1. Tenn. 62 (1901); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Mathews, Field-book 88, fig. (1902); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 47, t. 23 & frontisp. (1905); Harper, i Rho. 7:73 (1905). Orchis Marilandica, grandis & procera, floribus luteis, calcari longissimo, labello fimbriato Ray, Suppl. 588 (1704). —O. palmata elegans lutea Virginiana cum longis cal- caribus luteis Mor., Hist. 3: 499 (1715).—O. nectarii labio lanceolato ciliato, seta germine intorto longiore Roy, Lugdb. 15 (1729).—O. bulbis indivisis, nectarii labio lan- ceolato ciliato cornu longissimo L., in Act. Ups. 6 (1741). Orchis ciliaris L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 939 (1753) (excl. syn. Gron., FI]. Virg.), ed. 2, 1331 (1763); Forst., Cat. Pl. N. A. 39 (1771); Walt., Fl. Carol. 280 (1788); Muwhil., Ind. Fl. Lance. 178 (1793); Salish., Prodr. 6 (1796); Poir., in Lam. Encye. 4: 588 (1797); Andrews, Bot. Repos. 1: 42, t. 42 (1797); Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 206 (1800); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4:8 (1805); Sw., Gen. et Sp. Orch. (Schrader’s Neues Journ. 1) 8 (1806); Pers., Syn. 2: 502 (1807); Martyn, in Mill. Dict. ed. 9, 2: no. 14 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 585 (1814); Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814); Barton, Comp. FI. Phil. 2: 136 (1818); Nutt., Gen. 2: 188 (1818); Torr., Cat. N. Y. 68 (1819); Elliott, Sketch 2: 483 (1824); Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 319 (1824), ed. 3, 341 (1840); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 534 (1856); Provanch., F]. Canad. 2: 567 (1862).—O. Floridana, flore aureo fimbriato longis calcaribus donato Pluk., Amalth. ed. 2, 162, t. 432, f. 5 (1769). Platanthera ciliaris Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 292 (1835); [ 157 ] ORCHIDACEA H. ciliaris Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2:351 (1841); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 277 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 471 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 8, 446 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 311 (1853) ; Beck, Bot. ed. 2,348 (1856); Chapm., F1.S.U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2, 460 (1884), ed. 3, 486 (1897); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Wood, Class-book 684 (1861) ; Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Wood & McCarthy, Wilming- ton Fl. 50 (1887); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 168, f. 32 (1898); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 604 (1899). Blephariglottis flaviflora Raf:, Fl. Tellur. 2:38 (1836).— B. ciliaris Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); Burnham, in Torreya 1: 119 (1901); Small, in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 93 (1908), Fl. Se. U. S. 314 (1903); House, in Torreya 3: 52 (1903); Light- hipe, in Torreya 3: 80 (1903). “ORCHIS bulbis indivisis, nectarii labio lanceolato ciliato: cornu longissimo. Act. ups. 1741. p. 6. “Orchis nectarii labio lanceolato ciliato, seta germine intorto longiore. Roy. lugdb. 15. Gron. virg. 183. “Orchis palmata elegans lutea americana, cum longis calcari- bus luteis. Moris. hist. 3, p. 499. “Orchis marilandica grandis & procera, floribus luteis, calcari longissimo: lobulo fimbriato. Raj. suppl. 588. “ Habitat in Virginia, Canada. 2.” L. loc. cit. In Catesby’s Herbarium, preserved at the British Museum of Natural History, there is a very good specimen of this species to- gether with two other specimens of the genus, probably HZ. nivea and H. repens. In the Gronovian Herbarium there is a speci- men which has been identified as Habenaria ciliaris R. Br., ac- companied by the following description: “Orchis nectarii labio lanceolato ciliato, seta germine intorto longiore.” Probably Gro- novius confused two species in his work on the flora of Virginia. [ 158 ] ORCHIDACE/Z H. ciliaris is very rare in the northernmost part of its range. H. ciliaris With the exception of one collection from Vermont, which I refer to H. ciliaris with reasonable sureness, the species has not been reported from the United States north of Massachusetts. In the southernmost part of its range great variation may be ex- pected, especially in the size of the raceme and the fringe of the labellum. ONTARIO, Essex County Low sandy woods, Leamington, August 15, 1886, Burgess (6); in a swamp west of Leamington, July 24 and 25, 1892, J. Macoun (3, 6). VERMONT, Orteans County Troy, 1841, John Carey (A). MASSACHUSETTS, Minpiesex County Lexington, 1852, W. Boot (3). Nor¥otk Co.: Dedham, August, 1888, E. H. Hitchings (3).— West Ded- ham, August 9, 1888, Faxon (2). Nantucket Co.: Nantucket, August 1897, L. L. Dame (3). RHODE ISLAND, Wasuineton County South Kingston, August 26, 1880, Faxon (3); August 24,1881, Fazon (3); July 27, 1878, J. W. Congdon (A). ProvipENcE Co.: Damp woods, Burrillville, September, 1902, Leland J. Spalding (17).—Foster, August, 1878, Dennis Tonery (1). CONNECTICUT, New Haven County New Haven, August, 1830, S. B. Buckley (4).—East Haven, near New Haven, July 31, 1886, 4. L. Winton (3); open swamp, rare, August 15, 1903, EF. B. Harger (1); August, H. M. Denslow (2).— Branford, August 2, 1897, Wm. Trelease (4). FarrFietp Co.: Dry rich field, abundant locally, August 22, 1895, E. H. Eames (2).— Dry copse on coast, Stratford, September 27, 1903, Eames(1). NEW YORK Sartwell (3). Wasurncton Co.: East Greenwich, 1865, Dr. Asa Fitch (11). Seneca Co.: North of Newton’s Pond, Junius, August 4, 1893, Jos. Schrenk (4). [ 159 ] Hi. ciliaris ORCHIDACEA Ricumonp Co.: South Beach, Staten Isl., August 3, 1890, Mrs. E. G. Britton (6).—Erastina, July 25, 1894, C. L. Pollard (2). NEW JERSEY Swamps, July, 1863, Wm. M. Canby (6).—August, 1842, Thos. P. James (2).— Thurber (3).— Durand (8). Hopson Co.: Circa Hoboken in Canada, lecta 1828, C. J. Moser (10). CampeENn Co.: Low ground, July 30, 1871, C. F. Parker (3). Guoucester Co.: Harrisonville, August, 1874, H. H. Rusby (10). PENNSYLVANIA, Center County Mt. Eagle, July, 1895, Miss C. (4).— Bear Meadows, August, 1865, Miss N. J. Davis (2). Hontincton Co.: August 14, 1856, 7’. C. Porter (3). Berks Co.: Monterey, August, 1891, K. A. Taylor (2). Lezanon Co.: Vicinity of Penryn, July 29, 1889, J. K. Small (6); Sep- tember 13, 1892, 4. A. Heller (no. 680) (2, 4). Bucxs Co.: Low ground, Bristol, July 30, 1865, C. F. Parker (2, 4, 5). PHILADELPHIA Co.: August, 1847, Thos. P. James (2). DELAWARE Swamps, July, 1863, Wm. M. Canby (6). Newcast Le Co.: Swamps, Townsend, August, 1862, Canby (16). MARYLAND, Battimore County Near Baltimore, September, 1893, Adam Steitz (2); fruit, October 11, 1894, Steitz (2).—Near Hill’s, fruit, South Baltimore, November 4, 1893 Steitz (2); July 25, 1896, Steitz (2). Prince Georce Co.: Laurel, August 7, 1897, F. H. Knowlton (2, 5). Worcester Co. : Meadows, Ocean City, August 8, 1878, Wm. M. Canby (16). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA July, 1887, C. D. White (2); August 8, 1897, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (5). —Mucky ground, August 6 and 12, 1896, E. S. Steele (3, 4).—Near Reform School, July 21, 1878, Lester F. Ward (2).— Kenilworth Swamp, August 4, 1897, Steele (2).— August 8, 1897, Kearney (5, 14).— Benning’s, August 15, 1897, C. L. Pollard (2). VIRGINIA Dry hills, mountains of Virginia, August, 1858, Wm. M. Canby (16). Aveusta Co.: Mt. Roger, 2000-4473 ft., August 9, 1893, 4. A. Heller & E. Gertrude Halback (no. 1139) (2). [ 160 ] ORCHIDACEA Crate Co.: Craig’s, 600 metres, August 22, 1903, E. S. Steele & Mrs. H. ciliaris Steele (no. 75) (3, 4). NansEemonp Co.: About Suffolk, July 24, 1893, Heller (no. 1139) (3). NORTH CAROLINA Middle North Carolina, W.W. Ashe (2); August 14, 1884, G. McCarthy (2); 1885, McCarthy (2). Warauca Co.: Blowing Rock, August 9, 1893, Mrs. B. L. Robinson (3). Buncomse Co.: Moist woodland, Biltmore, August 5, 1896 (Biltmore no. 489) (5); dry woods, August 13, 1897 (Biltmore no. 489b) (2, 3, 4, 5). CLEVELAND Co.: Base of King’s Mt., August 1, 1902 (Biltmore no. 489 e) (5). Potx Co.: Spring Mountain Park, near Columbus, August 16, 1897, E. C. Townsend (2). Swain Co.: Dry hillsides, Great Smoky Mts., 1700-4000 ft., July 15- August 15, 1891, Beardslee & Kofoid (2, 4). Henperson Co.: Flat Rock, ZL. Gibbs (3).—Swamps of Muddy Creek, August 20, 1881, J. D. Smith (3). New Hanover Co.: Wilmington, 1881, W. R. Smith (2). SOUTH CAROLINA, Lextncton County Moist soil, Batesburg, July 30, 1900 (Biltmore no. 489d) (5). ArKEN Co.: Aiken, August, 1869, H. W. R[avenell] (2); August 16, 1866, H. W. R. (4). Beavrort Co.: Bluffton, 1872, Dr. Mellichamp (4); 1873, Mellichamp (16). GEORGIA, Fioyp County Rome, July, 1888, Gerald McCarthy (2). Ricumonp Co.: Augusta, August, 1876, 4. Cuthbert (10). Screven Co.: Scarborough, September, 1884, KE. W. Lang (10). Sumter Co.: Rather dry pine barrens, July 24, 1901, #. M. Harper (no. 1108) (2, 3, 4). Norra Co.: Poulan, August 14 and 15, 1900, C. L. Pollard & W. R. Maxon (no. 552) (2). Corauirr Co.: Sphagnous bog along Ochlocknee Creek, near Moultrie, August 22, 1903, R. M. Harper (no. 1943) (1). Tuomas Co.: Thomasville, August 21, 1897, S. M. Tracy (no. 3535) (2, 4, 14); July 6, 1902, August 4, 25, September 1, 1903, July 18, 1905, Mrs. A. P. Taylor (1). [ 161 ] ORCHIDACEE Hi. ciliaris FLORIDA East Florida, Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 546) (2, 3). Watton Co.: De Funiak, July, 1896, P. H. Rolfs (no. 692) (4); marsh lands along streams, mostly in open places, common, August 12, 1898, Combs (2). CatHoun Co.: Swamps and bogs, Wewahitchka, August, 1896, Chapman (Biltmore no. 489a) (2, 3, 5). Sr. Joun Co.: St. Augustine, May 20, 1886, Mary C. Reynolds (2). Lake Co.: Flat woods, Eustis, August 1-15, 1894, George V. Nash (no. 1534) (2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 14). ManartEE Co.: Pine barrens, Manatee, August 3, 1890, J. H. Simpson (14). ALABAMA Prof. Alexander Winchell (2). Tattapeca Co.: Talladega Springs, July 17-19, 1900, C. L. Pollard & W. R. Mazon (no. 244) (2). Tuscatoosa Co.: Wet borders of streams, common, Tuscaloosa, July 31, 1878, E. A. Smith (12). Tatiapoosa Co.: August 21, 1897, F. S. Earle (14). Coosa Co.: Low ground, Goodwater, July 31, 1902 (Biltmore no. 489 f) (5). Ler Co.: Auburn, August 15, 1897, Earle & Baker (4, 14). Mosite Co. (?): Common in swamp, Spring Hill, August 4, 1897, B. F. Bush (no. 91) (4). MISSISSIPPI, Jackson County Scranton, August 5 and 6, 1896, C. L. Pollard (no. 1194) (2, 3, 4, 5). Harrison Co.: Ocean Springs, August 2, 1889, F..S. Earle (1); August 1, 1895, J. Skehan (4).— Biloxi, July 25 and 26, 1896, Pollard (no. 1025) (2, 3, 4); August 3, 1900, S. M. Tracy (no. 7013) (5). TENNESSEE Near summit of Great Smoky Mts., 1895, Frank E. Moore (2). Dickson Co.: Pond Station, July 23, 1886, A. Gattinger (8).— Craggy Hope, August 10, 1882, Gattinger (8). Lincotn Co.: Low ground in oak barrens, Elora, July 27, 1899 (Biltmore no. 489c) (5). Corrrr Co.: Tullahoma, 4. Gattinger (5, 8); August, 1878, Gattinger (7). —Sewanee, August, 1878, Gattinger (8). Monroe Co.: White Cliff Springs, July, 1890, F'. Lamson-Scribner (8). [ 162 ] ORCHIDACE Cocke Co.: Within three miles of Wolf Creek Station, August 30, 1897, HZ. ciliaris Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (no. 909) (2, 4, 14). OHIO, Lucas County Ten miles west of Toledo, August 1, 1898, E. L. Moseley (2). INDIANA, Sreusen County Low open clearing one-half mile north of Clear Lake, July 24, 1904, Chas. C. Deam (1); prairie conditions around Clear Lake, August 21,1904, Deam(1). Laxe Co.: Swales, Miller’s, August 13, 1897, L. M. Umbach (2, 5).— Gibson’s, August, 1870, Henry H. Babcock (4). ILLINOIS July, 1874, H. H. Babcock (2, 7). MICHIGAN Whitmore Lake, August, 1857, Fritchey (4). Incuam Co.:Cold swamps, Lansing, September 1, 1883, L. H. Bailey, Jr. (3). — Agricultural College, July 28, 1890, G. H. Hicks (3).—'Towar’s Swamp, near Agricultural College, July 23, 1894, #'. Wheeler (?) (11). MISSOURI, Riertey County Rare dry pine woods five miles north of Pleasantgrove, July 25, 1897, K. K. MacKenzie (no. 425) (4). ARKANSAS Swamps, southwest Arkansas, August, F. L. Harvey (no. 76) (4,10, 11,16). Putasxt Co.: Little Rock, June, 1885 (11); July, 1886, Dr. H. E. Hasse (2). Gartanp Co.: Springy places, Hot Springs, August, 1879, G. W. Letter- man (4); August, 1904, Miss E. A. Douglas (4). LOUISIANA Red River, Hale (?) (3). TEXAS, Harpine County Long-leaf pine belt, July, 1884, G. C. Neally (3). x H. Canbyi Ames, in Rho. 10:70 (1908), in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, x H. Canby: 310 (1908). (H. blephariglottis x H. cristata.) Labellum about 7 mm. long, deeply fringed, more closely re- sembling H. cristata than H. blephariglottis ; spur 12 mm. long, more or less intermediate between the parent species. The length of the spur is of great value in the identification of the hybrid. [ 163 ] ORCHIDACE x H. Canbyi DELAWARE, Sussex County “ Habenaria cristata x blephariglottis ? Intermediate in color, size of flowers, openness of panicle, &c., between the two species.” Swamp near Lewes, Del- aware, in company with H. cristata and H. blephariglottis, July 27, 1878, Wm. M. Canby (16). H. blephari- 27. H. blephariglottis Hook.,1 Exot. Fl. 2: t. 87 (1824); Lodd., glottis Bot. Cab. t. 925 (1824); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 690 (1826); Torr., Comp. 817 (1826); Sw., Adnot. Bot. 46 (1829); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 848 (1833); Gray, in Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 3: 230 (1836); Paxt., Mag. 2: 183 (1836); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 259 (1840); Dewey, Herbaceous Pl. Mass. 198 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 825 (1868), rev. ed. 408 (1895); Miller & Young, P|. Suffolk Co. L. 1.13 (1874); Willis, Cat. N. J.61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878) ; J. Robinson, F]. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Brit- ton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Dudley, Cayuga FI]. 96 (1886); Gattinger, Tenn. F 1. 83 (1887); Macoun, Cat. 4:19 (1888); Owen, Pl. Nantucket 58 (1888) ; Ben- nett, Pl. R. I. 48 (1888); Dame & Collins, F\. Middlesex 103 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 278 (1888) ; Macoun, Check-list 53 (1889) ; Britton, Cat. N. J. 235 (1889); Watson, Orch. Cult. ed. 1, 528 (1890), ed. 2, 528 (1895); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 607 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Williams, Orch. Grow. Man. ed. 7,417 (1894); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 113-115 (1894); Moran, in Journ. des Orch. 6: 254 (1895); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 465 f. 1108 (1896); Deane, Fl. Met. Park 79 (1896); Creevey, Fl. 1 Hooker bases his species on Orchis blephariglottis Willd., but he figures the form which was later segregated by Lindley as Platanthera holopetala. The consensus of opinion of those who have done close field-work is that var. holopetala is untenable, all conditions of petals from entire to fringed sometimes being found on the same spike. See Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 20: 86. Niles, in Bog-trotting for Orchids, designated a yellowish form as var. holopetala. (A. A. E.) [ 164 ] ORCHIDACE Field, Hill & Swamp 80 (1898); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 106 H. blephari- (1898); Meehan, Monthly 8: 113, t. 8 (1898); Kearney, in Bail. S¢oétis Cycl. Am. Hort. 2: 707 (1900), in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: 522 (1901); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, F\. Vt. 30 (1900); Gat- tinger, F). Tenn. 62 (1901); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 454 (1901); Ma- thews, Field-book 88, 90 (1902); Jelliffe, Gibson's Nat. Orch. 51, t. 24 (1905); Harper, in Rho. 7:73 (1905). Orchis nectarii labio lanceolato ciliato, seta germine intorto longiore Gron., Fl. Virg. ed. 1, 183 (1739) (according to Gray), ed. 2, 136 (1762). Orchis ciliaris L., Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 939 (1753), &c.,as to Gron., Fl. Virg.—O. testiculata floribus niveis, &c. Clayt. n. 560 Gron.,F 1. Virg. ed. 1, 183 (1739), ed. 2, 136 (1762).—O. ciliaris var. alba Michz., F]. Bor. Am. 2: 156 (1803).—O. blephari- glottis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 9 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 502 (1807); Pursh, F. 2: 585 (1814); Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814); Barton, Comp. FI. Phil. 2: 186 (1818); Nuit., Gen. 2: 188 (1818); Big., F 1. Bost. ed. 2, 318 (1824), ed. 3, 340 (1840); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Elliott, Sketch 2: 483 (1824); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 534 (1856); Provanch., F]. Canad. 2: 567 (1862). Platanthera blephariglottis Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 291 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2:351 (1841); Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 277 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 472 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 3, 446 (1859); Darrach, Pl. Phil. 13 (1853); Beck., Bot. ed. 2, 847 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Hervey, Cat. 21 (1860); Wood, Class-book 684 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Wood & McCarthy, Wilmington FI. 50 (1887); Tracy, Essex FI. 81 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 166 (1893); Chapm., F\. S. U. S. ed. 3, 486 (1897); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et [ 165 ] ORCHIDACEH H. blephari- Sp. 1: 604 (1899), 989 (1901).—P. holopetala Lindl., Gen. & glottis Sp. Orch. 291 (1835); Hook., F). Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1839); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 851 (1841).—P. ciliaris Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 292 (1835); Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 199 (1889). Blephariglottis albiflora Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 38 (1836).— B. bicolor Ra/., Fl. Tellur. 2: 38 (1836). Platanthera blephariglottis var. holopetala Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 277 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 472 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 3, 446 (1859); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865).— P. ciliaris var. blephariglottis Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2, 460 (1884). Habenaria blephariglottis var. holopetala Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890); Day, Pl. Buffalo 139 (1882) ; Upham, F1. Minn. 140 (1884); Owen, Pl. Nantucket 58 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. 1. 48 (1888); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Britton & Br., Ml. Fl. 1: 465 (1896).—H. ciliaris var. alba Morong, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 38 (1893).—H. ciliaris var. holopetala Morong, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 20: 38 (1893).— H. ciliaris var. albiflora Gower, ex Williams Orch. Grow. Man. ed. 7, 417 (1894). Blephariglottis blephariglottis Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); Small, F). Se. U. S. 313 (1903), in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 93 (1903); House, in Torreya 8: 52 (1903); Lighthipe, in Tor- reya 3: 80 (1903); C. B. Robinson, in Torreya 5:15 (1904); House, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 82: 376 (1905); C. B. Robinson, in Bull. Pictou Acad. 1: 35 (1907). Habenaria holopetala Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 256 (1904), based on a cream-colored form. It is often difficult to distinguish between this species and H. ciliaris when herbarium specimens are studied. Usually the fringe of the labellum is shorter in H. blephariglottis than in H. ciliaris. [ 166 ] ORCHIDACEA The limb of the labellum in HZ. ciliaris is usually narrowly ob- H. blephari- long, the basal segments of the fringe branching in a conspicuous &' lottis manner. NEWFOUNDLAND Sphagnous soil, hillside, Channel, July 27—August 1, 1901, C. D. Howe & W. F. Lang (no. 895) (3).—Salmonier, August, 1885, R. Thazter (3). — Marsh, Holyrood, August 23, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (no. 111) (2, 3, 4, 6, 7). NOVA SCOTIA Marshes, summit of Smoky Mt., Cape Breton Isl., August 3, 1898, J. Ma- coun (6). Picrou Co.: Bogs, August, 1885, Robert (6). Guyssoro Co.: Canso, August 8, 1901, J. Fowler (1). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Boggy ground, Mt. Stewart, August 17, 1888, J. Macoun (2, 3, 6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Norruumsertanp Country Little Miramichi River, August 11, 1892, J. Fowler (2); July 18, 1892, Fowler (4). ONTARIO, Niptssinc District In a peat bog, Catfish Lake, July 21, 1900, J. Macoun (6). Musxoxa Disr.: Peat bogs, Muskoka, July 11, 1892, Spreadborough (6); mossy borders of lakes, Muskoka, August, 1881, Burgess (6).—Graven- hurst, July 29, 1897 (Biltmore, no. 4966 c) (5). Car eTon Co.: In peat bogs and swamps, Mer Bleue, near Ottawa, July 28, 1879, Fletcher (6). MAINE, Penosscor County Orono, 1882, Mrs. C. H. Fernald (2); Bangor bog, Orono, July 27, 1895, M. L. Fernald (no. 351) (2, 3, 4); peat bogs, July 21, 1890, Fernald (3). Frankuin Co.: Sphagnum bog, South Chesterville, July 18, 1903, Lillian O. Eaton (1).— Peat bog, Chesterville, July 19, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1). VERMONT Island Pond, July 25, 1861, Wm. Boott (3). MASSACHUSETTS, Mippiesex County Big Grassy Pond, Acton, August 9, 1888, Walter Deane (3). [ 167 ] H. blephari- glottis ORCHIDACEA Norrotk Co.: Avon, July 27 and October 4, 1901, R. G. Leavitt (5). — Readville, July 28, 1870, Wm. Boott (3). Bristot Co.: North Easton, August 6, 1902, R. M. Grey (1); August 1, 1903, 4. A. Eaton (1); July, 1903, Eaton (1).—Nonquit, July 19, 1889, Miss Cook (4). Piymoutu Co.: Marion, August 7, 1891, Faxon (3). BarnstaB.eE Co.: Pocasset, July, 1883, Miss E. Minot (3).—South Den- nis, August, 1879, C. N. Brainerd (5, 7). Nantucket Co.: Nantucket, August, 1878, P. S. Collins (6); August, 1897, L. L. Dame (8). RHODE ISLAND, ProvipEnce County Swamps, Providence, July, 1846, Geo. Thurber (3).—North Scituate, August 3, 1878, W. W. Bailey & Mrs. Esten (1). WasuineTon Co. : South Kingston, July 27, 1878, J. W. Congdon (7). NEW YORK Long Isl., August 9, 1858, FR. Veitch (4). JEFFERSON Co.: Sphagnum swamp about a mile below Ludlow Pond, Smithville, August 2, 1884, F. V. Coville (2). WarreEN Co.: Peat marsh north of Glen Lake, July 27, 1899, Stewart H. Burnham (1). Onerrpa Co.: Sphagnous swamps, Utica, 4. Gray (3). Ononpaca Co.: Near Syracuse, T. M. Fry (1). Manpison Co.: Fiddler’s Green, July 13, 1905, H. D. House (no. 1246) (1). Seneca Co.: Tamarack swamp, West Junius, August 4, 1873, Schrenk (4). —Penn Yan, Sartwell (4). Surro.k Co.: Sayville, Long Isl., August 13, 1891, Hermann Schrenk (4). Ricumonp Co.: Erastina, July 25, 1894, C. L. Pollard (2); August 21, 1894, Pollard (2, 3). NEW JERSEY Austin (4). —Swamps, pine barrens of New Jersey, August, 1862, Wm. M. Canby (16); July 29, 1865, Dr. H. Wood, Jr. (4). Mowmovutu Co.: Pine barren swamp, Smithburg, August 8, 1884, O. E. Pearce (2). Mercer Co.: Trenton, July 10, 1889 (5). Buruincton Co.: Atsion, August, 1874, H. H. Rusby (10).—Quaker Bridge (2). CambEN Co.: Winslow, aie: a C. Martindale (2). 168 ORCHIDACEA Arttantic Co. : Egg Harbor, August 10 (flowers), September 3, 1888 (fruit), HZ. blephari- Dr. J. Bernard Brinton (8). glottis PENNSYLVANIA, Monroe County Pocono Mt., August 1, 1860, 7’. C. Porter (2); August 20, 1860, Porter (3); Dr. Traill M. Greene (16). DELAWARE, Sussex Country Swamps, Sussex, July, 1878, Wm. M. Canby (8).—Swamp one mile south of Lewes, July 23, 1878, Canby (16). MARYLAND, Prince Grorce County Hyattsville, August 13, 1904, Philip Dowell (2). ANNE ARUNDEL Co.: July, 1891, K. A. Taylor (5). Wicomico Co.: Swamps, Salisbury, July 21, 1893, Wm. M. Canby (5). VIRGINIA, Nansemonp County Sphagnum swamps near Suffolk, July 27, 1897 (Biltmore no. 4966 a) (2, 3, 4, 5); July 24, 1893, 4. A. Heller (no. 1137) (2, 3, 4). NORTH CAROLINA, Swarn County Dry hillsides, 1700-4000 ft., July 15-August 15, 1891, H. C. Beardslee & C. A. Kofoid (4). HENDERson Co.: Swamps of Muddy Creek, August 20, 1881, John Donnell Smith (3). OHIO, Summir County Summit Lake, Akron, July 24, 1889, Dr. Kent O. Foltz (11); Akron, d.-L. BR. (3). MICHIGAN, Incuam County In sphagnum, abundant, Towar’s swamp, Agricultural College, July 23, 1894, C. F. Wheeler (8). H. blephariglottis Hook., var. conspicua (Nash) Ames, H. blephari- in Rho. 10: 70 (1908), in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 310 (1908).—H. glottis War conspicua Nash, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 23: 100 (1896). ees Blephariglottis conspicua Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 313 (1903). ‘*FTABENARIA CONSPICUA N. Sp. “Whole plant glabrous, 4-8 dm. tall. Leaves linear to lanceo- late-linear, erect or ascending, usually acute, the lower one 10- 25 cm. long, 1-2 cm. broad, the remaining ones gradually be- [ 169 ] ORCHIDACE H. blephari- coming shorter and passing into the bracts of the inflorescence; glottis var. conspicua spike ovate to oblong, 6-12 cm. long, 5-7 cm. in diameter; flowers numerous, white; tube of the calyx 2—2.5 cm. long, the sepals orbicular or nearly so, 7 mm. in diameter; petals oblanceo- late, about 5 mm. long, from nearly entire to more or less toothed at the apex; lip 12-15 mm. in length, narrowl;; oblong, the claw 4-5 mm. long, the blade deeply fimbriate; spur curved, narrowly cylindric, 4—5 cm. in length. “Collected on the edge of a sphagnum bog at Lake City, Columbia Co. [Fla.], No. 2501, and observed at a number of other places. It was distributed in my collection of 1894 under No. 1700, as H. blephariglottis, from which it is abundantly distinct, the larger flowers, longer spur, and deeply fimbriate lip readily separating it.” Nash, doc. cit. Although characteristic plants of this variety are easily sepa- rable from the type, intergrading forms occur which make any attempt at distinction purely arbitrary. NORTH CAROLINA 1847, Met Curtis (4).— Wet savannahs, eastern North Carolina, July and August, G. M. McCarthy (2, 16). Craven Co.: Newburn, July 31, 1898, Thos. H. Kearney, Jr. (no. 1939) (2); August 1, 1898, Kearney (no. 1979) (2). CumBerLaND Co.: Bogs near Fayetteville, August 13, 1903 (Biltmore no. 4966d) (5). New Hanover Co.: Wilmington, 1881, W. R. Smith (2). Brunswick Co.: August 15, 1884, McCarthy (2). SOUTH CAROLINA, Beavurorr Country Bluffton, 1873, Dr. J. H. Mellichamp (16). GEORGIA, Cuatuam County Moist grassy pine barrens, Savannah, August 17, 1900 (Biltmore no. 691 b) (5). Cuaron Co.: Sphagnum bog two miles east of Folkstone, August 12, 1902, R. M. Harper (no. 1508) (2, 3, 4). [ 170 ] ORCHIDACE Worrn Co.: Vicinity of Poulan, August 14-15, 1900, C. L. Pollard & H. blephari- W. R. Mazon (no. 584) (2). glottis var. Corauirr Co.: Sphagnous bog along Ochlocknee Creek, near Moultrie, conspicua August 22, 1903, R. M. Harper (no. 1944) (1). Tuomas Co.: Thomasville, August and September, 1903, Mrs. A. P. Taylor (1, '7); August 4, 1902, Mrs. Taylor (1). FLORIDA, Duvat County Jacksonville, 1875, 4. H. Curtiss (2); waste places in Jacksonville, August, 1877, Curtiss (no. 2757) (2, 3, 4,'7,8); August 14, 1893, Curtiss (no. 4178) (2); springy places near Jacksonville, August 10, 1894, Cur- tiss (no. 5145) (2); margin of swamp in pine barrens near Jacksonville, August 30, 1900, Curtiss (no. 6707) (2, 3, 4, 7). Cotumsra Co.: Lake City, August 29-31, 1895, Geo. V. Nash (no. 2501) (2, 3, 4, 10) (type number of H. conspicua). Liserty Co.: Swamps, August 26, 1901 (Biltmore no. 691c) (5). Franxun Co.: Apalachicola, Chapman (4); swamps, Apalachicola, July— August, Chapman (Biltmore dist. no. 4966b) (2, 3, 4, 5). Lake Co.: Vicinity of Eustis, August 16-25, 1894, Nash (no. 1700) (2, 3, 4,10). Orance Co.: Swamps, August 19, 1902, 4. Fredholm (no. 5497) (3). ALABAMA, Winston County 1866, 7’. M. Peters (16). Tuscatoosa Co.: Tuscaloosa, Dr. E. A. Smith (12). Burter Co.: Swamps, Greenville, August 11,1900 (Biltmore no. 4966 d) (5). MosttE Co.: Mobile, C. Mohr (12).— Biloxi, September 6, 1900, F’. E. Lloyd & S. M. Tracy (no. 315) (1). MISSISSIPPI, Jackson County Ocean Springs, August 30, 1889, F. S. Earle (1). Harrison Co.: Beauvoir, September 4, 1898, S. M. Tracy (no. 5079) (2, 4, 14). TENNESSEE (?) Cumberland Mts., 1888, Mrs. Bennett (8) (a form with entire labellum). 28. H. lacera (Michv.) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810); Lodd., Bot. H. lacera Cab. t. 229 (1818-24); Lindl., in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10, 332 [a7] ORCHIDACE Puiate 66 I. Habenaria psycodes. 11. x H. Andrewsii. Ill. H. lacera. All drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 172 ] HABENARIA “ psycodes ea: HABENARIA on norew s we White | Bt lacera R Lrown K | a op yee ; ss a . o- é ae ‘ = ie ‘ ; ; : 7 a af ® . 7 | . «® 3 e -_ ) ie rs) y fe a ye oe gebe: Gan 7 iy ] JS q e * °s ‘ ° > i ~~ 4 2 ” Let tt.) ) a ol Owe A py Ree eS ict) Pee ORCHIDACE (1823); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3:693 (1826); Loud., Hort. Brit. ed.1, H. lacera 367 (1830); Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, 1, t. 73 (1831); Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38: 311 (1840); Jorr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y. 174 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 409 (1895); Wilhs, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Fl. Columbiana 18 (1876); J. Rob- inson, Fl. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Ward, Fl. Wash. 119 (1881); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Pl. Malden & Medf. 11 (1881); Day, Pl. Buffalo 140 (1882); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Jackson, Fl. Worcester Co. 32 (1882); Baker, FI. Waltham 24 (1883); Upham, F1. Minn. 140 (1884); Dudley, Cayuga Fl. 96 (1886); Tracy, Fl. Mo. 84 (1886); Dame & Collins, F1. Middlesex 103 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 278 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Owen, Pl. Nantucket 58 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4:19 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 235 (1889); Macoun, Check-list 58 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F\. Mich. 608 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 166 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 110, 116, f. 5 (1894); Millsp. & Nutt., Fl. W. Va. 200 (1896), excl. syn.; Deane, F). Met. Park 79 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 465, f. 1109 (1896); Galen, Fl. Lane. Co. 15 (1898); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 106 (1898); Dhl. & Whit., Wild Fl. Northeast. St. 554, t. (1898); Andrews, Pl. Meriden Mt. no. 214 (1899); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 455 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 54, t. 25, f. 1 (1905); Ma- thews, Field-book 90, 91, fig. (1902); Bissell & Andrews, FI. Southington 36 (1902); Andrews, in Rho. 2:114 (1900). Orchis radice palmata: foliis Lilii caule foliis minoribus alternis vestito. Clayt. n. 644 Gron., Fl. Virg. ed. 1, 184 (1739). Orchis habenaria Walt., Fl. Carol. (1788) not L.—O. lacera [ 173 ] ORCHIDACEA H. lacera Michex., F). 2:156 (1803); Pers., Syn. 2: 503 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 586 (1814); Barton, Comp. FI. Phil. 2: 1387 (1818); Eihott, Sketch 2: 484 (1824), excl. spec. Macbride; Torr., Cat. N. Y. 69 (1819); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 534 (1856); Provanch., FI. Canad. 2: 567 (1862).—O. psycodes Willd., Sp. Pl. 4:39 (1805); MudAl., Cat. 80 (1813), excl. syn.; Pursh, Fl. 2: 585 (1814); Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 1, 206 (1814), ed. 2, 319 (1824), ed. 8, 341 (1840); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374 (1824); Nutt., in Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. n. s. 5: 161 (1834); Martyn, in Mill. Dict. ed. 9, 2:no. 45 (1807). Not O. psycodes L.—O. lacera psycodes Muhl., Cat. 80 (1813); Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814). Habenaria psychodes Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 693 (1826), excl. syn.; Torr., Comp. 317 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed.1, 349 (1833), excl. syn. L.; Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 509 (1837); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866). Not HZ. psycodes Sw. Platanthera psychodes Lindl.,Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835), excl. syn. in part, not Gray; Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 200 (1839), excl. syn. in part; Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 352 (1841), excl. syn. in part.—P. lacera Don, in Sweet’s Hort. Brit. ed. 3, 650 (1839) ; Torr., F\. N. Y. 2:278 (1848); Gray, Man. ed. 1,472 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 3, 446 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 312 (1853); Green & Congd., Class-book 208 (1855); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Hervey, Cat. 21 (1860); Chapm., F1.S. U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2, 460 (1884), ed. 3, 486 (1897); Wood, Class-book 685 (1861); Paine, P|. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat.7 (1868); Darrach, P|. Phila. 9 (1882) ; Tracy, Fl. Essex Co. 81 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 1738 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 606 (1899). Blephariglottis lacera Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); [174 ] ORCHIDACEA Farwell, in Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2: 42 (1901); Smail, in Porter's H. lacera FI. Pa. 94 (1903); C. B. Robinson, in Bull. Pictou Acad. 1:35 (1907). Habenaria lacera x H. clavellata Niles, Bog-trotting for Orchids 257 (1904), reference. «“LACERA. O. foliis spicaque oblongis; floribus distincte al- ternis: cornu fere ovarii longitudine: labello longiore, anguste tripartito; laciniis subdigitatis, filiformibus. “ FZab. in Carolina.” Michx. Joc. cit.) (PLATE 66.) NEWFOUNDLAND Marsh, Holyrood, August 22, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (2, 3, 6). NOVA SCOTIA In boggy places below Island Pond, Sable Isl., July 26, 1899, J. Macoun (6). Care Breron Co.: Damp, sandy ground, Sydney, August 18, 1902, M. L. Fernald (3).—Boggy places, North Sydney, July 12, 1883, Macoun (3); moist meadows, July 13, 1883, Macoun (6). Vicrorta Co.: Meadows, Baddeck, Cape Breton, July 19, 1883, Dr. T. J. W. Burgess (3); rich damp woods, July 18, 1883, Macoun (3); wet meadows and bogs, July 18, 1883, Macown (6); bogs, July 19, 1883, Macoun (8); fields, July 25, 1898, Macoun (6). Picrou Co.: Damp meadow, near Pictou, July 12-18, 1901, C. D. Howe & W. F. Lang (no. 545) (3). Guysgoroucn Co.: Boylston, July, 1890, Dr. C. A. Hamilton (2, 6); July 17, 1879, H. L. Osborn (2). Kines Co.: Damp soil along railroad, July 8 and 9, 1901, Howe & Lang (no. 238) (3).—Damp, sandy ground, Kentville, August 22, 1902, Fernald (3). Haurax Co.: Halifax, August 5, 1902, W. H. Blanchard (7). Dicsy Co.: Digby, July, 1895, M. L. Overacker (5).— Metaghan, July 22, 1896, FE. Brainerd (7). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND August, 1888, J. Macoun (2, 3). Prince Co.: Roadsides and fields, Tignish, July 26, 1888, Macoun (6). 1 There remains in the Michaux Herbarium at Paris a flowerless fragment, and two flowers in a pocket. (A. A. E.) [175 ] H. lacera ORCHIDACE Queens Co.: Royalty Junction, July 22, 1901, J. #. Churchill (8). NEW BRUNSWICK, Vicroria County Rich woods, Tobique, July 28, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6). ONTARIO, Hastixes County In low rich woods near Belleville, July 15, 1867, J. Macoun (6). Wetuncton Co.: Wet thickets, Snell’s Lake, July 16, 1890, James White (6).—Cranberry marsh, Killean, July 6, 1904, 4. B. Klugh (1). Huron Co.: Wingham, July 19, 1891, J. 4. Morton (6); July 16, 1892, Morton (5). Lixcotn Co.: Gardener’s Bush, St. Catharines, July 3, 1897, W. C. McCalla (no. 334) (5). WELLAND Co.: Damp woods, Niagara Falls, 1893, Cameron (6). NorFo.k Co.: Boggy woods, Port Rowan, July 17, 1892, J. Macoun (6). MANITOBA Rich meadows, Hamilton, July, 1875, Thomas Morong (2). MAINE, Franxitn County Sterile field, South Chesterville, July, 1903, Lillian O. Eaton (1).—Wet field, Farmington, July 25, 1902, Clarence H. Knowlton (1). Kewnesec Co.: Augusta, August 2, 1886, KE. C. Smith (4). Anproscocern Co.: East Auburn, July 8, 1895, E. D. Merrill (no. 999) (2). CumBerLanp Co.: Fort Preble, July, 1895, E. E. Gayle (no. 804) (2).— Cushing’s Isl., August 4, 1895, J. Fowler (5).—Damp roadside, Cum- berland, July 26, 1901, Edward B. Chamberlain (1).—Scarboro, July 21, 1901, Dr. D. W. Fellows (1). York Co.: Moist meadow, Seabury, July 21, 1901, F'. Tracy Hubbard (1).— Swampy woods, York Harbor, August 9, 1901, Hubbard (1).— Kittery, July 17, 1896, Hubbard (1).—South Berwick, July 22, 1891, J. C. Parlin (8). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Cuesuire County Low open field, Jaffrey, July 23, 1896, Walter Deane (1); July 26, 1896, Miss Mary A. Day (no. 76) (8). VERMONT Ashland, De Chalmot (2). Winpsor Co.: Windsor, July 24, 1902, W. H. Blanchard (7). Rutianp Co.: East Hubbardton, July 17, 1898, W. W. Eggleston (5).— Scarce, Hubbardton, July 17, 1898, Eggleston (4). Bennincton Co.: Wet meadow, Pownal, August 5, 1901, 4. L. Ander- [PRG] ORCHIDACEA son (3).—Manchester, July 21, 1898, M. A. Day (no. 315) (8). H.. lacera Winpuam Co.: Open pasture, Putney, July 28, 1902, Blanchard (3). MASSACHUSETTS, Essex Country Lynnfield, July 19,1854, Wm. Boott (3).— Danvers, Susan M. Hallowell (2). — Bay View, Gloucester, 1904, O. Ames (1); road bank, September 8, 1903, Ames & A. A. Eaton (1).— Wet meadows, Hamilton, July, 1875, Thos. Morong (2). Mivpiesex Co.: Edgeworth, July 19, 1853, Wm. Boott (3).— Malden, June 27, 1881, R. Frohock (6).— Wet field, Natick, July 17, 1898, C. H. Knowlton (1).—South Wilmington, July 19, 1897, Chester C. Kingman (5). —South Framingham, July 21, 1890, EL. L. Sturtevant (4). Worcester Co.: Grassy roadside, frequent, Webster, July 13, 1899, Le- land J. Spalding (17). Frank. Co.: Shelburne, July 10, 1873, Miss E. L. Anderson (10). BerxsuireE Co.: June 19, 1897, Mrs. Mulligan (4). Hamesuire Co.: Cummington, 1838, Dr. Dwight (4).—Southampton, (1892) (5). Hamrven Co.: Granville, August, 1889, 4. B. Seymour (1).—Tolland, July, 1874, Mrs. S. M. Piper (7). Norrorxk Co.: Dedham turnpike near Taft’s, July 17, 1854, Wm. Boott (3). —Purgatory swamp, Dedham, July 21, 1888, Faxon (3). — Milton, A. P. Chute (3).—Neponset meadow, Milton, August 1, 1888, Faxon (2, 3).— Wellesley, July, 1893(2).— Bay Road, Stoughton, J uly 16,1903, Eaton (1). Prymourn Co.: Swamp in Quaker Leonard road, Brockton, July 22, 1903, Eaton (1); July 16, Eaton (1). Brisrot Co.: North Easton, 1893, Ames (1); July, 1898, Carl Blomberg (1, 5); dry field, July 19, 1903, Eaton (1); swamp near railroad, July 25, 1903, Eaton (1).—Taunton, July 12, 1903, Eaton (1).—Nonquit, July 26, 1888, EF. L. Sturtevant (4). BarwstaBLtE Co.: Wood’s Holl, July 10, 1884, Mrs. Peters (2); August, 1887, Wm. T'release (4). Duxes Co.: Martha’s Vineyard, August, 1888, Carrie Harrison (2). RHODE ISLAND, Provinence County Meadows, Providence, July, 1844, Geo. Thurber (3). Newrort Co.: Block Isl., July, 1889, Rev. L. H. Lighthipe (3). CONNECTICUT Chas. Wright (4). Ey H.. lacera ORCHIDACEHX Hartrorp Co.: Weathersfield (3). —Boggy ground, Southington, July 17, 1898, C. H. Bissell (no. 575) (3). New Haven Co.: Waterbury, July 29, 1881, Constance G. DuBois (2). FarrFiEtp Co.: Abundant in sphagnum bogs, July 16, 1894, C. L. Pollard (no. 196) (2). —Green’s Farms, July 7, Pollard (no. 162) (2).—Swamps, Sandy Hook, July, 1890, 7. Percy Blackman (5). NEW YORK Western New York, 4. Gray (3).—Mallonyville, June 26, 1878, Wm. Trelease (4). Wasuincton Co.: Dry fields, Vaughns, July 11, 1896, Stewart H. Burn- ham (1). Osweco Co.: Swamp, North Hannibal, July 9, 1882, O. E. Pearce (2). OneErpa Co. : July 15,1903, Dr. J. V. Haberer (1).—Ina sand bog, Deerfield, June 18, 1901, Haberer (no. 833a) (1).—Hill south of Utica, July 26, 1902, Haberer (no. 883) (1, 3). Manson Co.: Oneida, July 7, 1898, H. D. House (18). Onrario Co.: Canandaigua, 1881, Mrs. Autriss (2). CuENANGO Co.: Preston, June 28, 1886, F. V. Coville (2). Surro.k Co.: Shinnecock Hills, L. 1, July, 1896, 7. M. Fry (1).—Near third house, Montauk, July 22, 1895, Jos. Schrenk (4). NEW JERSEY Ex Hb. Torrey (3). Sussex Co.: Bogs, Stockholm, July 20, 1892, Wm. M. Van Sickle (2); August 10, 1894, Van Sickle (2). Essex Co.: Belleville, July 3, 1897, Clute & Wilson (1). Mercer Co.: Trenton, July 18, 1886 (5). CampeEn Co. : Cooper’s Point bogs, Camden, May 25, 1848, Thos. P. James (2). Cape May Co.: Cape May, July 11, 1888, Dr. J. Bernard Brinton (8). PENNSYLVANIA, Luzerne County Lily Lake, August 15, 16, 1889, John K. Smail (1, 2); July 29, 1889, A. A. Heller (8). Brarr Co.: July 8, 1860, Boecking (2). Cuester Co.: West Chester, W. W. Jefferis (2); T. S. D. (?) (ex Hb. S. B. Buckley) (4). DELAWARE Swamps, Ogletown, July 12, 1902, Wm. M. Canby (3). [ 17s ] ORCHIDACEA Newcast_e Co.: Swamps near Wilmington, June, 1874, Canby (16). H. lacera Kent Co.: Milford, June, 1866 (16). Sussex Co.: Upland meadows, Ellendale, July 15, 1878, Canby (16); July 24, 1893, Canby (5). MARYLAND, Prince GreorcEe County Laurel, July 9, 1895, Geo. Marshall (2). Anne ArunDEL Co. : Near Glen Burnie, September 4, 1893, Adam Steitz (2). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA In swamps, rare, June, 1903, Th. Holm (1); low grounds, rare, June, 1897, Holm (1). —Swamp beyond East Branch, Kenilworth, July 13, 1897, E.S. Steele (2).—Kenilworth, June 10, 1898, Steele (2).—Rive’s Station, June 26, 1887, L. F. Ward (2).—Terra Cotta, July 12, 1879, Ward (2). VIRGINIA Fort Myer, June 28, 1895, D. LeRoy Topping (2). NORTH CAROLINA C. W. Short (4). IrEDELt Co.: Statesville, M. E. Hyams (5). Buncomse Co.: Roandale farm, July 5, 1895, 4. G. Wetherby (no. 159) (2). Henperson Co.: Damp soil, margins of swamps near Hendersonville, June 29, 1898 (Biltmore dist. no. 4815 a) (2, 3, 4, 5). Lincotn Co.: Met Curtis (3). Cumsertanp Co.: Low ground, Fayetteville, June 17, 1902 (Biltmore dist. no. 4815a) (5). ALABAMA, Biount County Moist rocky soil, Sand Mt., June 7, 1900 (Biltmore no. 4815c) (5). Lez Co.: Low places, Auburn, May 6, 1896, F. S. Earle (12). WEST VIRGINIA, Summers County Near Barger’s Spring, July 13, 1900, E. L. Morris (no. 989) (2). Pocanontas Co.: Valley of the east fork of the Greenbrier River, Septem- ber 19, 1904, J. M. Greenman (no. 67) (1). OHIO, Cuyanoca County Near Cleveland, Wm. Krebs (1). Lorain Co.: Pittsfield, July 11, 1894, Alfred E. Ricksecker (2). —Ober- lin, July 27, 1894, W. M. Dick (1). Erte Co.: Furnace woods, Vermillion Township, July 25, 1897, E. L. Mose- ley (2). | 7.4 Hi. lacera H. leuco- phea ORCHIDACEZ MICHIGAN, Keweenaw County Low moist places, July, 1887, O. A. Farwell (no. 486) (3).—Clifton, September 12, 1886, Farwell (no. 486) (11). Roscommon Co.: In swampy places, Roscommon, July 22, 1903, Mell & Knopf (4). Sr. Ciarr Co.: Algonac, August, 1884, 4. B. Lyons (10). Ixcuam Co.: Agricultural College, June 29, 1895, W. E. Mulliken (5). Jackson Co. : Wet meadows, June 20, 1896, S. H. & D. R. Camp (5). Wayne Co.: Low grounds at Detroit, July 3, 1893, O. A. Farwell (11). INDIANA Swales, Miller’s, June 27, 1889, L. M. Umbach (2). SrruBeNn Co.: On low border on west side of Long Lake, July 4, 1904, Chas. C. Deam(1).—Around border of Graveyard Lake, July 5, 1904, Deam (1) Wetts Co.: On east side of large lake on low border in Jackson Town- ship, June 26, 1904, Deam (1). ILLINOIS, Ocie Country Oregon, July 6, 1885, Merton B. Waite (1).—Pine Rock, July 6, 1885, Waite (2). Sr. Crair Co.: Fertile woods, East St. Louis, 1878, H. Eggert (4). WISCONSIN, Marinette Country Prairies, Marinette, July 6, 1891, J. H. Schuette (1). Dane Co.: Edge of dry bog, Madison, July 6, 1889, Wm. Trelease (4). Racine Co.: Point Swamp, July 9, 1898, S. C. Wadmond (5). MISSOURI, Sr. Louis Country Dry woods, St. Louis, June 22, 1878, H. Eggert (4); woody hills, June 11, 1878, Eggert (3, 4). Suannon Co.: June 8, 1890, Frank Bush (no. 85) (2). 29. H. leucophza (Nutt.) Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 825 (1868), rev. ed. 409 (1895); Upham, F 1. Minn. 140 (1884); Tracy, Fl. Mo. 84 (1886); Brendel, F\. Peor. 60 (1887); Macoun, Cat. 4: 19 (1888); Kel- lerman, F). Kans. 167 (1888) ; Macoun, Check-list 53 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F). Mich. 608 (1891); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. [ 180 ] ORCHIDACE Val. 166 (1892); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 465, f. 1110 (1896); HZ. leuco- Saunders, F). S. Dak. 131 (1899); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 56, P?©4 t. 25, f. 2 (1905). Orchis leucophcea Nutt., in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. s. 5: 161 (1834); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 535 (1856). Platanthera leucophzea Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 851 (1841); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 472 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 8, 446 (1859); Wood, Class- book 685 (1861); K7dnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 605 (1899). Blephariglottis leucophza Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); Farwell, in Rep. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2: 42 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 314 (1903); House, in Torreya 3: 52 (1903). “3. O. leucophea. Labello tripartito, laciniato, maximo; la- ciniis lateralibus internis obovatis crenulatis; cornu filiformi clavato, germine longiore.— Had. In moist prairies near Kia- mesha, Red river. Flowering in June.— Obs. Probably the largest species in the United States; the stem being from eigh- teen inches to two and a half feet high; leaves oblong-lanceolate, diminishing into narrow lanceolate bracts, about the length of the germ; flowers white, a little tinged with green; the lateral segments of the petaloid calix ovate, and less than half the length of the lip, which is divided into three dilated segments, divided nearly to the base into many capillary portions. It is more nearly allied to O. incisa than psycodes, but differs from the former in the laciniated lip, and from the latter by the mul- tiplicity of its segments, and the obovate instead of linear form of the two internal petaloid divisions.” Nutt. doc. cit. NOVA SCOTIA, Carr Breton County North Sydney, July 11, 1883, J. Macoun (16). ONTARIO, Huron County Wingham, July 16, 1892, J. 4. Morton (5). [ 181 ] H. leuco- phea ORCHIDACE Mipptesex Co.: In mossy bogs, London, July 9, 1879, Burgess (6). Lameron Co.: Hundreds of acres of it, Walpole Isl., July 11, 1894, C. K. Dodge (6). MAINE, Aroostook County In moss, Caribou bog, Crystal, July 30, 1906, O. W. Knight (1). NEW YORK, Osweco County Lily Marsh, nine miles east of Oswego, 1877, J. H. Wibbe (3). Wayne Co.: Fragrant, Newark, £. L. Hankenson (3). Yares Co.: J’. Marshall Fry (1). OHIO, Franxiin County Columbus, 1840, W. .S. Sullivant (3). Srark Co.: Peat morass, Canton, July, 1835, F. Riehl (4). MICHIGAN A. Gray (3). MenominEE Co.: Prairies, Maraicagenses pres Pembina, July 21, 1859, Bourgeau (3). Gratiot Co.: Marshes about ponds, Alma, July 20,1895, Chas..4. Davis(2). Sr. Cram Co.: Near Port Huron, July 1, 1894, C. K. Dodge (3). Incuam Co.: Pine Lake, June 30, 1895, W. E. Mulliken (5). Wayne Co.: Grassy places on Belle Isle, Detroit River, July 3, 1894, O. A. Farwell (no. 1467) (11); Belle Isle, August, 1884, H. H. Rusby (10). INDIANA, Hamitron County Meadows, 1876, E. F. Shipman (10). ILLINOIS S. B. Mead (4).—1873, Dr. F. Brendel (2). McHenry Co.: Ringwood, Geo. Vasey (3, 16). Wrxnesaco Co.: Very fragrant after sunset, Fountaindale, 1867, W. 5S. Bebb (3, 4, 16). Coox Co.: Chicago, July, 1869, Henry H. Babcock (4).— Low prairies, West Chicago, July 9, 1898, L. M. Umbach (2). Srark Co.: Moist prairies, east of Wady Petra, July 7, 1900, Virginius H. Chase (no. 665) (4). McLean Co.: Bloomington, July 15, 1882, 4. B. Seymour (1); prairies, low ground, July, 1886, B. L. Robinson (3). Hancock Co.: Moist prairies, Augusta, June 22, 1859, S. B. Mead (8). Cuampaicn Co.: Flowers white, wet ground, Champaign, July 7, 1880, [ 182 ] ORCHIDACE A. B. Seymour (1).— Urbana, July 1, 1884, M. B. Waite (2, 11). H. leuco- Apams Co.: La Prairie, near Camp Point, June 15, 1877, 4. B. Seymour (1). phea Macon Co.: Decatur, June 22, 1899, Ira W. Clokey (14). Manpison Co.: Wet prairies, June 17, 1878, H. Eggert (5); June 22, 1878, Eggert (3). WISCONSIN, Dane County Madison, SS. H. Watson (16); moist meadows, July 15, 1889, Wm. T're- lease (4). MitwavkeE Co.: Milwaukee, Douglass (6); prairies, July, 1843, J. A. Lapham (A). Racrve Co.: Banks of first Ravine, July 20, 1898, S. C. Wadmond (5). —Racine, June, 1884 (11).—Moist prairie, July 5, 1883, Dr. H. E. Hasse (16). MINNESOTA, NicotLer County Nicollet, July, 1892, C. A. Ballard (5). IOWA, Emmet County Low prairies, Armstrong, June 25, 1893, R. I. Cratty (2); July 20, 1898, Cratty (4). Harpen Co.: Near Iowa Falls, August, 1876, M. E. Jones (7). Henry Co.: Mt. Pleasant, 1897, J. H. Mills (no. 1843) (4). Decatur Co.: Prairies, infrequent, May 23, 1898, June, 1898, Fitzpatrick (3, 4, 5). MISSOURI, Jacxson County On prairie, July, 1865, G. C. Broadhead (4).— Uncommon on prairie, Grain Valley, July 4, 1898, B. F. Bush (no. 273) (2, 3, 4, 5).—Prairies, locally frequent, Lee’s Summit, June 11, 1899, K. K. Mackenzie (5). Sr. Louts Co.: Wet prairies near St. Louis, June 11, 1878, H. Eggert (4, 7, 16). Vernon Co.: On prairie, July 25, 1873, G. C. Broadhead (4). ARKANSAS, Wuire County West Point, Gunnison (no. 16) (3). LOUISIANA Ex Hb. Geo. Thurber (3). NEBRASKA Platte bottom, Fremont (3). Lancaster Co.: Lincoln, July, 1887, H. J. Webber (4). [ 183 ] ORCHIDACEZ H. leuco- KANSAS, Suawnee County phea Topeka, June 15, 1878, E. A. Popenoe (8). Dovetas Co.: Lawrence, July, W. C. Stevens (2). H. psycodes 30. H. psycodes (L.) Sw., Adnot. Bot. 45 (1829); Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38: 310 (1840); Torr., in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y.174 (1840); Gray, Man. ed. 5, 502 (1867), ed. 6, 509 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 409 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); Yale Cat. 45 (1878) ; James, Cat. Cincinnati 18 (1879); J. Robinson, Fl. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Gard. Chron. n. s. 14: 305 (1880); Pl. Malden & Medf. 11 (1881); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Day, Pl. Buffalo 140 (1882); Jackson, F). Worcester Co. 82 (1883); Baker, Fl. Waltham 24 (1883); Upham, Fl. Minn. 140 (1884); Dudley, Cayuga FI. 96 (1886); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 43 (1888); Macoun, Cat. 4:19 (1888); Dame & Collins, F 1. Middle- sex 103 (1888); Perkins, Fl. Vt. 278 (1888); Britton, Cat. N. J. 235 (1889); Beal & Wheeler, F). Mich. 608 (1891); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); MacMillan, Metasp. Minn. Val. 166 (1892), (excl. syn. Ait., Big., & H. grandiflora Torr.); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 110-113, f. 30 (1894); Millsp. & Nutt., Fl. W.Va. 200 (1896); Britton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 466, f. 1112 (1896), excl. syn. Ait. ; Deane, F]. Met. Park 79 (1896); Galen, FI. Lance. Co. 15 (1898); Clute, Fl. Up. Susq. 106 (1898); Mill. & Whit., Wild Fl. Northeast. St. 550, t. (1898); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Andrews, in Rho. 2: 114 (1900); Kearney, in Bail. Cyc. Am. Hort. 2:706 (1900); Gattinger, Fl. Tenn. 62 (1901); Mathews, Field-book 92, fig. (1902); Bissell & Andrews, Fl. Southington 36 (1902); Kennedy, F]. Willoughby in Rho. 6: 111 (1904); Jelhiffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 59, t. 26 (1905). Not H. psycodes Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 693 in part; Torr., Comp. 817; [ 184 ] ORCHIDACE Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 509, ed. 3, 527; Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. H. psycodes ed. 8, 260; Darby, Bot. S. St. 527; Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (all of these refer to H. lacera). Orchis Marilandica spica brevi conferta, floribus par- vis: calcaribus longissimis Ray, Suppl. 588 (1704).—O. nectarii cornu setaceo, longitudine germinis, labio tri- partito ciliari Gron., Fl. Virg. ed. 2, 187 (1762). Orchis psycodes L.,Sp. Pl. ed.1,943 (1753), ed. 2,1336(1763), excl. Gron., Fl. Virg. 184; Forst., Cat. Pl. N. A.39 (1771); Poir., in Lam. Encyc. 4:600 (1797); Sw.,in Act. Holm. 21: 207 (1800); Pers., Syn. 2: 502 (1807); Green, Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814) in part; Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853) ; Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 534 (1856). Not Orchis psycodes Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 39; Muhl., Cat. 80; Pursh, Fl. 2: 585; Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 1, 206, ed. 2, 319, ed. 3, 341; Nutt., Gen. 2: 189; Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 374; Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (in part), ed. 3, 341; Nutt., Fl. Ark. 161; Mill. Dict. ed. 9, no. 45 (all of these refer to H. lacera), nor O. psy- codes Ell. (which is H.cristata).— O. incisa Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 40 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 506 (1807); MuAl., Cat. 80 (1818); Torr., Cat. N. Y. 69 (1819). Not O. incisa Pursh, F1. 2:589; Nutt., Gen. 2: 189; Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 375 (all of these refer to HZ. pera- meena).—Q. fissa Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 40 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 506 (1807);! Muhl., Cat. 80 (1813). Not O. jissa Pursh, Fl. 2:589; Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 375, nor O. fusa Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (these refer to H. peramena). Habenaria fimbriata R. Br., Prodr.312 (1810), in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 193 (1813), excl. syn. (according to Gray & Torr.); Torr., Comp. 319 (1826); Hook., Exot. Fl. 3: t. 224, as to syn. in part; Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 508 (1837); Dewey, Herbaceous 1 Persoon gives O. fusa which is undoubtedly a misprint. Nuttall seems to have adopted this spelling. [ 185 ] ORCHIDACE H. psycodes Pi. Mass. 197 (1840); Haton & Wr.,N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840). Orchis fimbriata Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 1, 206 (1814), ed. 2, 320 (1824), ed. 3, 343 (1840); Pursh, Fl. 2: 588 (1814); (cf. Gray, Man. ed. 1); Provanch., F). Canad. 2: 567 (1862).—O. cristata Barton, Comp. F). Phil. 2: 187 (1818), excl. O. cristata Michx. Habenaria racemosa Raf.,in Ann. Nat. 15 (1820); (cf. Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 278).—H. fissa Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826); Torr., Comp. 319 (1826); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 508 (1837); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840). Not HZ. fissa R. Br. etc. (which is equivalent to H. peramena).—H. incisa Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826); Torr., Comp. 319 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 8349 (1833); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840). Platanthera incisa Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 293 (1835), excl. syn. Pursh ; Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2,2: 351 (1841); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 173 (1893); Willams, Orch. Grow. Man. ed. 7, 679 (1894). Not Lindl., in Paxt. Fl. Gard. 2: 24; Fl. des Serres 8: 20, t. 3 (=H. fimbriata).—P. fimbriata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 293 (1835), excl. syn. Hort. Kew. & Willd., not of authors; Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841), excl. syn. Ait.—P. crispa Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835) ;! Correvon, Orch. Rust. 169 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 606 (1899).—P. psycodes Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835), excl. descr. and all syn. but L. (Lindley’s specimens in his herbarium are Habenaria lacera!); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 352 (1841), excl. syn. in part; Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 200 (1839), excl. all syn. but L. ; Torr., Fl. N. Y. 2: 278 (1843); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 472 (1848), ed. 2, 446 (1856), ed. 8, 446 (1859); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 8, 812 (1853); Green & Congd., Class-book 208 (1855); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 460 (1860), ed. 2,460 (1884), ed. 3, 487 (1897); Hervey, Cat. 1 Lindley thought this might be a hybrid between Habenaria cristata and H. psycodes. [ 186 ] ORCHIDACE 21 (1860); Wood, Class-book 685 (1861); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. H. psycodes 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Tracy, Essex FI. 81 (1892); Cor- revon, Orch. Rust. 175 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 607 (1899), 939 (1901), excl. syn. Lindl., Ait., &c.—P. fimbriata 8 floribus minoribus Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 200 (1839). Blephariglottis psycodes Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 314 (1908), in Porter’s Fl]. Pa. 94 (1903); C. B. Robinson, in Bull. Pictou Acad. 1:35 (1907). It is a hopeless task to attempt to arrive at satisfactory con- clusions regarding the correct synonymy of Habenaria psycodes and H. fimbriata. Early in the history of these closely allied species confusion was established, and although several authors have endeavored to eliminate it there are obstacles which it is probable will always exist. Botanists have reported their mate- rial under one name or the other, and have, with few exceptions, added confusion by unstudied references to literature. For example, Lindley described two varieties of H. psycodes which are clearly referable to HZ. lacera, as an examination of his specimens will prove. In his synonymy he refers directly to Orchis psycodes L. His Platanthera crispa, on the other hand, which he suggested was a natural hybrid, is equivalent to H. psycodes, to which species his material identified as P. incisa should also be referred. Lindley’s material of P. fimbriata is conspecific with HI. psycodes, and his P. grandiflora is simply H. fimbriata. The difficulties are increased tenfold when it is realized that HI, psycodes and H. fimbriata are so similar that they are dis- tinguishable only by arbitrary rules. In the preparation of the Orchidacee for Gray’s New Manual a conscientious effort was made to ascertain the distinctive characters of these two species. Although every conspicuous character was carefully studied it was found that the most reliable distinction was the depth of [ 187 ] ORCHIDACEH H. psycodes the fringe on the divisions of the labellum; in H. psycodes this being one-third the depth of the divisions or less, and in HZ. fim- briata one-third or more. It may be found that my treatment of the synonymy is in part incorrect, but it is offered as a basis for further research. (PLATE 66.) NEWFOUNDLAND Cochrane (3). — Wet meadow, Placentia, August 24, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (no. 165) (2,3, 4, 6).—Bottom lands, Manuel’s River, August 8, 1894, Robinson & Schrenk (3).— Wet meadow, Shoal Point, Bay of Islands, July 16, 1895, 4. C. Waghorne (no. 28) (4). NOVA SCOTIA, Vicrorta County Wet meadows and bogs, Baddeck, Cape Breton, July 18, 1883, J. Ma- coun (6); Baddeck, July 22, 1898, Macoun (6).— New Campbellton, July 23, 1897, David White & Chas. Schuchert (no. 27) (2, 6). Care Breton Co.: Boggy meadow, Sydney, August 18, 1902, M. L. Fernald (1, 3). Guyssoroucn Co.: Moist meadows, Boylston, August, 1892, Dr. C. A. Hamilton (2, 6). PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Nictan Lake, July, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6).—In marshes, Tracadie, August 3, 1888, J. Macoun (6). NEW BRUNSWICK, Kent County Bass River, July 30 and 31, 1868, J. Fowler (2, 3); August 9, 1871, Fowler (16). Kines Co: Meadows, Norton, July 16, 1876, G. U. Hay (6). Sr. Joun Co.: St. John, July 31, 1877, Fowler (4). QUEBEC, Gaspé County Deep cool grassy margins of brooks and swamps, Point Fame, August 1, 1882, J. Macoun (6). Temiscouata Co.: Damp loam above edge of salt marsh, Cacouna, August 8, 1902, M. L. Fernald (3).—Riviere du Loup, August, 1902, W. W. Eggleston (no. 3006) (1). Orrawa Co.: Along the Gatineau, above Wakefield, July 24, 1903, Macoun (6). [ 188 ] ORCHIDACE Arcenteut Co.: Greenville, July 18, 1890, J. Fowler (2). H, psycodes ONTARIO, Cartreron County Swampy woods, Ottawa, July, 1886, J. Macoun (6). Smucor Co.: Damp thickets on meadows, Muskoka, July, 1892, Spread- borough (6). AppincTon Co.: Mississippi Station, July 27, 1893, Fowler (4). Lanark Co.: Almonte, July 12, 1898, Fowler (5). Hastincs Co.: Low meadows and borders of swamps, July 15, 1867, Ma- coun (6).— Low wet meadows, Belleville, July, 1865, Macoun (16). Wettitneron Co.: Wet thicket, Snell Lake, July 16, 1889, Jas. White (6). Huron Co.: Wingham, July 20, 1890, J. 4. Morton (no. 2258) (2). Warertoo Co.: Swamps, Elmira, July 14, 1899, L. M. Umbach (2). MrppteEseEx Co.: In bogs and swamps, London, June 11, 1879, Millman (6). Wettanp Co.: Edge of marsh, Point Abino, August 18, 1897, W. C. McCalla (no. 335) (5, 6). — Moist woods, Niagara Falls, 1892, Cameron (6). MAINE, Aroosroox County Rocky river shore at Horseback, St. Francis, July 20, 1904, 4. 4. Eaton (no. 194) (1).— Alluvial thicket, Beau Lac, August 14, 1902, W. W. Eggleston & M. L. Fernald (1). Piscataquis Co.: River intervale, Foxcroft, July 18, 1895, Fernald (no. 298) (2, 3, 4). Franxin Co.: Farmington and New Sharon, July 25, 1899, Leland J. Spalding (17).— Roadside ditch, South Chesterville, August, 1903, Lillian O. Eaton (1).—Swamp, Strong, August 1, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Meadows, Hartford, August, 1885, J. C. Parlin (8). Kennesec Co.: Meadow, Fayette, August, 1903, L. O. Eaton (1). Anproscoccin Co.: Meadows, East Auburn, July, 1896, E. D. Merrill (no. 1000) (2). CumBertanp Co.: August 6, 1895, E. E. Gayle (no. 853) (2). York Co.: Alder swamp, York Harbor, August 10, 1901, F. Tracy Hub- bard (1).—Seabury, July 7, 1896, Hubbard (1).— Parsonsfield, August 10, 1902, Florence L. Gerrish (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Coos County Berlin, July 24, 1901, Tinnie Wheeler (3). VERMONT, Orteans County Dry roadside, Brownington, July 26, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 234) (1). [ 189 ] Hi. psycodes ORCHIDACEA Caeponia Co.: West Barnet, August 10, 1892, Dr. F. Blanchard (4).— Barnet, August 10, 1892, Mrs. A. F’. Stevens (2).— Wet places, Peacham, July 27, 1884, Dr. Blanchard (2); August 10, 1892, Mrs. A. F. Stevens (2). —Groton, July, 1892, Dr. F. Blanchard (4).—Lyndonville, July 27, 1873, J. W. Congdon (2).—Newark, July 16 and 17, 1887, Faaon (3). Appison Co.: Wet grounds, Starksborough, July 20, 1876, October 11, 1878 (fruit), C. G. Pringle (7).—Goshen, July 26, 1903, W. W. Eggles- ton (no. 3191) (1, 3).—Middlebury, August 19, 1878, E. Brainerd (5); July 31, 1902, Brainerd (3); August 2, 1880, Thos. E. Boyce (1).— East Middlebury, July 25, 1903, Eggleston (1). Bennincton Co. : Manchester, July 25, 1898, Miss M.A. Day (no. 318) (3). — Wet meadows, Pownal, August 5, 1901, 4. L. Andrews (3). Winpuam Co.: Westminster, 1901, W. H. Blanchard (3). MASSACHUSETTS, Mippiesex County Reading, August 10, 1876, W. H. Manning (6).—South Framingham, July 27, 1890, E. L. Sturtevant (4).— Ashland, July 23, 1878, Thos. Morong (2). BerksuirE Co.; Abundant in East Mt. swamps, Great Barrington, August 1, 1894, C. L. Pollard (2).— Pittsfield, August 3, 1868, J. H. Redfield (4). HampsuirE Co.: Southampton, 1892, Hb. Chapman (5). —South Hadley, 1887, A. C. Cook (2). Surro.k Co.: Brookside, near Humphrey’s Avenue, West Roxbury, August 15, 1854, Wm. Boott (3). Norro.k Co.: Brook running into Muddy Pond, Hyde Park, August 6, 1889, Faxon (3). Bristor. Co.: North Easton, 1889, Carl Blomberg (1); 1893, Ames (1); August 1, 1894, Ames (1); July, 1899, 4. W. Jacobson (1); July 27, 1901, #. G: Leaoitt (1, 5). Piymoutu Co.: Low woods, Scituate, August 13, 1899, E. F. Williams (3). RHODE ISLAND, Provipence County Providence, 1846, Geo. Thurber (3). CONNECTICUT 1857, (D. C.) Eaton (3). Totianp Co.: Coventry, August 3, 1891, Gertrude Hakes (2).—Somers, August 16, 1901, 4. W. Driggs (3). Hartrorp Co.: Hartford, August 2, 1900, 4. W. Driggs (3).—Swampy [ 190 ] ORCHIDACE/E meadow, Churchill Street, Southington, August 5, 1900, C. H. Bissell (3); HZ, psycodes bogs, frequent, Southington, August 14, 1897, Bissell (5). FarrFietp Co.: Low grounds, infrequent, Bridgeport, July 22, 1892, E. H. Eames (2).— Weston, August 13, 1885, 4. L. Winton, Jr. (2). NEW YORK, Essex Country July 31, 1893, Miss Fanny Page Robinson (2).— Keen Valley, August 1, 1891, Hermann Schrenk (4). JEFFERSON Co.: Evans Mills, August 6, 1879, Lester F. Ward (2). Herkimer Co.: Border of marshes, Litchfield, August 3, 1901, Dr. J. V. Haberer (no. 887) (3). Saratoca Co.: Border of the pond above the northwest corner of Still- water village, 1867 (?), Dr. Asa Fitch (10).— Bear Pond, French Mt., July 27, 1899, Stewart H. Burnham (1). Onena Co.: Along Bear Creek, White Lake, Forestport, July 12, 1903, Dr. J. V. Haberer (no. 2679) (1). Ononpaca Co.: Near Syracuse, July, 1895, M. L. Overacker (5). Yates Co.: Penn Yan, 7’. Marshall Fry (1). CuEnanco Co.: Oxford, July 12, 1884, F. V. Coville (2).— Bainbridge, July 20, 1897, D. LeRoy Topping (2). Tompkins Co.: Little Swamp, north part of Caroline, August 1, 1885, O..E.. Pearce (2). Scuuy.er Co.: Cayuta Lake, July 30, 1878, Wm. T'release (4). DetawareE Co.: North Harpersfield, August 6, 1897, Topping (2). NEW JERSEY, Sussex County Stockholm, August 10, 1894, Wm. M. Van Sickle (2).—Wet woods, Cranberry Lake, July 31, 1904, Kenneth K. Mackenzie (no. 820) (1). Essex Co.: Franklin, August, 1874, H. H. Rusby (10). Unron Co.: Summit Mt., July 29, 1898, John C. Buchheister (1). PENNSYLVANIA, Luzerne County Lily Lake, July 29, 1889, 4. A. Heller (3). DELAWARE, NewcastiLe County Woodland swamp near Wilmington, June, 1860, Wm. M. Canby (16). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Indian River, August 6, 1879 (2). VIRGINIA, Grayson County Slope of Mt. Rogers, 4800-5000 ft., June 29,1892, John K. Smail (2, 3, 4). [ 191 ] ORCHIDACE H. psycodes NORTH CAROLINA, Mrrcue.z County Roandale Farm, June 24, 1895, 4. G. Wetherby (no. 160) (2).—North side of Roan Mt., 5000 ft., July 7, 1902, W. A. Cannon (no. 60) (2); woodlands, Roan Mt., June, 1868, Wm. M. Canby (16). Swain Co.: Ravines, 4000 ft., July 16, 1891, Beardslee & Kofoid (3). OHIO, Cuyauoca County Near Cleveland, Wm. Krebs (1). Meprna Co.: Swamps, Brunswick, July, 1897, G. B. Ashcroft (5). Summir Co.: Copley Swamp, Akron, July 21, 1889, Dr. Kent O. Foltz (2). MICHIGAN, KEwEEenaw County Clifton, June, 1884, O. A. Farwell (11). Detra Co.: Escambia, Henry H. Babcock (2). Kenr Co.: Grand Rapids, June 22, 1895, W. E. Mulliken (5). Jackson Co.: Rich woods, July 3, 1896, S. H. & D. R. Camp (5). Wayne Co.: Palmer Park, Detroit, August 1, 1903, O. A. Farwell (11). Cass Co.: July 30, 1886, H. J. Webber (4). INDIANA, Srevsen County East side of Clear Lake, in low thick woods, July 24,1904, Chas. C. Deam(1). ILLINOIS M. S. Bebb (3). WISCONSIN Chippewa River, 1864, 7’. J. Hale (16).—Black River, 1861, Hale (3).— 1861, Hale (4). Pork Co.: Wet thickets, August, 1892, H. F. Burglehaus (4, 6). Brown Co.: July 20, 1878, J. H. Schuette (1).— Flint D. Clark (8).— Peaks Point, Green Bay, July 24, 1891, J. H. Schuette (1).—Scott, near Comfort, August 4, 1901, Schuwette (1).—Marsh meadow on the bay, July 20, 1878, Schuwette (1). La Crossr Co.: La Crosse, L. H. Pammel (8). MitwavKkeeE Co.: Milwaukee, J. 4. Lapham (4). MINNESOTA, Sr. Louis County Fond du Lac, July, 1889, F. F. Wood (no. 393) (2). Mittetacs Co.: Milaca, July, 1892, FE. P. Sheldon (2, 5, 14). Cuisaco Co.: Chisago City, July 29, 1891, J. H. Sandberg (no. 679) (2). —Center City, August, 1892, B. C. Taylor (5, 14). Hennepin Co.: Bogs, Fort Snelling, July 20, 1888, Dr. W. H. Forwood (2). [ 192 ] ORCHIDACEA IOWA, FayerrE County H. psycodes “Rare, only one specimen reported before in Iowa,” Fayette, July, 1893, B. Fink (2). x Habenaria Andrewsii White, ex Niles Bog-trotting for x H. An- Orchids 258, fig. (1904); Ames, in Gray’s Man. ed. 7, 311 (1908). drewsu —H. psychodes x lacera Andrews, in Rho. 2: 114 (1900), 3: 246 (1901); Ames, in Rho. 5: 263 (1903); Eggleston, in Rho. 6: 139 (1904). « Lower leaves as in H.. lacera length to 15 cm., width to 3 cm., ratio 5-7: 1. Raceme oblong, loosely fewer-flowered. Flowers white tinted rose to light rose-purple. Sepals round-oval, obtuse, lateral deflexed, plane, vertical. Petals cuneate-spatulate, obtuse or slightly retuse, denticulate above, slightly surpassing upper sepal in ratio of about 6: 5. Average width of lip about 12 mm. Divisions narrow-cuneate, deeply cleft as in Hi. lacera, few, averaging twice as many as in Jacera, capillary, long. Arms of column as in H. psychodes or slightly more acute. Glands of pollen-masses slightly oblique, elliptical or slightly kidney-shaped. Pollen-masses intermediate in length, club-shaped; stalk # length of mass of pollen or rather more; pollen greenish-yellow. Some- what two-lobed projection from base of stigma not completely obstructing orifice of nectary in middle as in /acera. Spur longer than ovary, clavate, much enlarged below. Ovary short or inter- mediate, 9-12 mm. Locality——a very wet meadow in Pownal, Vermont, July 22,1898 (MM. W. White & A. L. Andrews), Aug. 5, 1901 (A. L. Andrews).” Andrews, loc. cit. (PLATE 66.) NOVA SCOTIA, Picrou County Damp meadow near Pictou, July 12-18, 1901, C. D. Howe & W. F. Lang (no. 546) (3). MAINE, Franxkirm County South Chesterville, Miss L. O. Eaton (1). [ 193 ] x H. An- drewsi H. fimbriata ORCHIDACE VERMONT, Bennineron County Wet meadow, Pownal, August 5, 1901, 4. L. Andrews (3); August 4, 1902, Andrews (1). Winpuam Co.: Westminster, 1901, W. H. Blanchard (3). 31. H. fimbriata (Dryander) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810), in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5: 193 (18138);1 Lodd., Bot. Cab. t. 552 (1818-24); Bot. Reg. t. 405 (1819); Lindl., in Donn’s Hort. Cant. ed. 10, 832 (1823); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 693 (1826); Torr., Comp. 319 (1826); Hook., Exot. Fl. 3: t. 224 (1826) in part; Gray, Man. ed. 5, 503 (1867), ed. 6, 510 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. ed. 1, 324 (1868), rev. ed. 409 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); J. Robinson, Fl. Essex Co. 108 (1880); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Pl. Malden & Medf. 11 (1881); Perkins, Gen. Cat. Vt. 37 (1882); Baker, Fl. Waltham 24 (1883); Jackson, Fl. Worcester Co. 82 (1883); Dudley, Cayuga Fl. 96 (1886); Dame & Collins, F\. Middlesex 103 (1888); Per- kins, Fl. Vt. 278 (1888); Bennett, Pl. R. I. 48 (1888); Macown, Cat. 4: 20 (1888), Check-list 53 (1889); Britton, Cat. N. J. 235 (1889); Fernald, in Portl. Cat. 64 (1892); Baldw., Orch. N. Eng. 93, f. 28 (1894); Rand & Redf., F1. Mt. Desert 153 (1894); Wats., Orch. Cult. ed. 2, 528 (1895); Galen, F1. Lane. Co. (1895), 15 (1898); Deane, Fl. Met. Park 79 (1896); Mill. & Whit., Wild Fl. Northeast. St. 548, t. (1898); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort. 2:706 (1900); Brainerd, Jones & Eggleston, Fl. Vt. 30 (1900); Mathews, Field-book 92, fig. (1902). ?Ophyrs fimbriata Walt., F). Carol. 221 (1788). Orchis fimbriata Dryander, in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, 3: 297 (1789); Powr., in Lam. Encye. 4: 599 (1797); Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 207 (1800); Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 39 (1805); Pers., Syn. 2: 505 1Gray, Torrey and others refer this to H. psycodes. [ 194 ] ORCHIDACE (1807); Martyn, in Mill. Dict. ed. 9, 2: no. 44 (1807); Barton, H. fimbriata Comp. Fl. Phil. 2: 187 (1818); Torr., Cat. N. Y. 69 (1819); Eaton, Man. ed. 4, 375 (1824).—O. grandiflora Big., Fl. Bost. ed. 2, 321 (1824), ed. 3, 343 (1840); Oakes, in Thompson’s Vt. 199 (1853); Wood, Class-book ed. 41, 585 (1856); Provanch., F]. Canad. 2: 567 (1862). Habenaria grandiflora Jorr., Comp. 319 (1826); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (18383); Darl. F). Cestr. ed. 1, 509 (1837); Haton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Dewey, Herbaceous PI. Mass. 197 (1840); Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Brit- ton & Br., Ill. Fl. 1: 466, f. 1111 (1896); Clute, Fl]. Up. Susq. 106 (1898); Meehan, Monthly 9: 99 (1899); Bavley, in Rho. 3: 34 (1901); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 56, pl. 25, f. 3 & 4 (1905); Hatberer, in Rho. 7: 95 (1905). Not . grandiflora Lindl., Wall. Cat. 7032 (1828). Platanthera grandiflora Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 171 (18938).—P. fimbriata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 298 (1835), excl. syn. in part (Lindley’s plant collected by Goldie = Habenaria psycodes); Gray, Man. ed. 1, 472 (1848), ed. 2, 447 (1856), ed. 3, 477 (1859); Darl, F 1. Cestr. ed. 3, 312 (1853); Green & Congd., Class-book 203 (1855); Tatnall, Cat. Pl. Newe. Co. Del. 75 (1860); Chapm., FI. S. U. S. ed. 1, 461 (1860), ed. 2, 461 (1884), ed. 3, 487 (1897); Paine, Pl. Oneida Co. 84 (1865); Portl. Cat. 7 (1868); Koehler, Pract. Bot. 399, t. 13, f. 12 (1876); Darrach, P1. Phila. 9 (1882); Tracy, Essex Fl. 81 (1892); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 170 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1:607 (1899).—P. fimbriata a grandiflora Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 200 (1839). Habenaria psycodes var. grandiflora Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38 :310 (1840); Zo77.,in Geol. & Nat. Hist. Surv. N. Y.174(1840.) Platanthera psycodes var. grandiflora Torr., Fl. N. Y. [ 195 ] ORCHIDACEA H. fimbriata 2: 278 (1848); Beck, Bot. ed. 2, 348 (1856).—P. incisa Lindl., in Paxt. Fl. Gard. 2: 24, f. 145 (1851-2); Fl. des Serres 8: 20, t. 3(1852-3), not Lindl., Orch.— P. Bigelovii Wood, Class-book 685 (1861), excl. syn. Habenaria fimbriata f. albiflora Rand & Redf., Fl. Mt. Desert 153 (1894). Blephariglottis grandiflora Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 296 (1901); Grout, in Torreya 2: 47 (1902); Small, Fl. Se. U. 8S. 814 (1903), in Porter’s Fl. Pa. 94 (1908). “QO. bulbis fasciculatis, nectarii cornu germinibus longiore: labio tripartito ciliari, petalis patentibus, foliis oblongis. “Fringed Orchis. “ Nat. of Canada and Newfoundland. “Introd. 1777, by William Pitcairn, M.D. “Fil. July. “Descr. Caulis erectus, glaber, ex ancipiti acute tetragonus. Folia caulina, nonnulla (3-5) alterna, sessilia, oblonga, acuta, glabra, integerrima, nervosa, carinata, basi vaginantia, biuncialia. Spica ovato-oblonga, multiflora. Mores e ceruleo purpurascentes. Bractec lanceolate, nervose, germinibus paulo longiores. Petala quinque, plana, longitudine equalia, trilinearia: supremum seu dorsale ovatum, obtusum, erectum; lateralia exteriora ovata, acuta, patentissima ; lateralia interiora oblonga, obtusa, juxta pe- talum dorsale erecta, infra medium dilatata, ibique denticulata, basi attenuata. Nectarii Labium petalis paulo longius, triparti- tum: laciniz late, cuneiformes, zquales plane, ad medium sub- divisee in cilia subulata: laterales divaricatze, intermedia patens. Germen semunciale.” Dryander, Joc. cit. Reference should be made to the notes under HZ. psycodes for a full consideration of this species. [ 196 ] ORCHIDACE NEWFOUNDLAND Banks of Exploits River, near mouth of Badger Brook, August 13, 1894, B. L. Robinson & H. Schrenk (2, 3, 4, 6, '7). NOVA SCOTIA Grand Narrows, Cape Breton Isl., July 27, 1898, J. Macoun (4, 6). NEW BRUNSWICK Wet meadows, Tobique River, August 2, 1884, Geo. U. Hay (6). QUEBEC In boggy woods, East Templeton, July 29, 1903 (6). MAINE, Piscataauis County Wet meadow near Fitzgerald Pond, near Moosehead Lake, July 6, 1895, M. L. Fernald (no. 274) (2, 3, 4). Penosscot Co.: Very common in moist fields, sometimes 3 or 4 ft. high, Glenburn, Aaron Young, Jr. (3). Frank.in Co.: Open wet woods, South Chesterville, July 18, 1902, C. H. Knowlton (1); July, 1903, L. O. Eaton (1). Oxrorp Co.: Grafton, August, 1888, J. C. Parlin (3) (forma alba).— Hartford, 1885, Parlin (3).— Black Brook, July 13, 1889 (11). Hancock Co.: Meadow one mile north of Somesville, Mt. Desert, Aug- ust 16, 1888, J. H. Redfield (4).—Bar Harbor, July 19, 1871, Wm. Boott (3). Watpo Co.: Wet roadside, New Guinea, Islesboro, July 29, 1897, F. Tracy Hubbard (1). Kennesec Co.: Winthrop, 1864, E. L. Sturtevant (4).— Augusta, July 20, 1886, E. C. Smith (4).— Manchester, July 18, 1878, F. L. Scribner (8). CumBErLanD Co.: Falmouth, Blake (16). — Cape Elizabeth, July 21, 1901, Dr. D. W. Fellows (1). York Co.: Kennebunk, July 20, 1878, J. W. Chickering (8).— In woods, growing in mud and water, North Parsonsfield, August 1, 1902, F. 8. Piper (1). NEW HAMPSHIRE, Coos County Bogs, Crawford House, July 12, 1876, J. W. Congdon (7).— Dixville Notch, July 25, 1887, Faxon (3).— Meadow south of Crawford’s, July 20, 1884, Faxon (3); Crawford Meadow, July 24, 1894, Faxon (38). Grarton Co.: Flume House, July 19, 1885, Faxon (3).— Strawberry Hill, Bethlehem, July 21, 1891, J. F. Collins (8). [ 197 ] FI, fimbriata Hi. fimbriata ORCHIDACE Berxnap Co.: Edge of damp woods, Guilford, June, 1896, Mrs. R. H. Carter (5). Hittszsorovcw Co.: Manchester, June 6, 1899, F. W. Batchelder (3); July 20, 1899, Batchelder (3) (forma alba); July 20, 1899, Batchelder (3). — Milford, August, John A. Wheeler (1). VERMONT, Or.teans County Willoughby Mt., Westmore, July 29, 1892, H. H. Rusby (10); summit of Willoughby Mt., July 24, 1866, J. H. Redfield (4). CurrrENDEN Co.: Smuggler’s Notch, July 18, 1886, Fazon (38). Routianp Co.: East Wallingford, alt. 2200 ft., July 7, 1898, W. W. Eg- gleston (no. 373) (3, 4, 5). WixpuaM Co.: Stratton Mt., July 4, 1895, L. R. Jones (5); E. Brain- erd (1).—West Stratton, July 5, 1897, Eggleston (3). MASSACHUSETTS Wet meadows, 1892, Hb. Chapman (Biltmore dist. no. 4994 c) (5). Essex Co.: Ipswich, Hb. Oakes (2, 3).—Salisbury, June, 1895, 4. A. Eaton (1). Mippresex Co.: In rich, deciduous, open woods, North Tewksbury, June 26, 1902, Ames (1).— Reading, June 22, 1897, Chester C. Kingman (5).— Swamps, Ashland, June 13, 1878, T'’hos. Morong (2). Worcester Co.: Wet meadows and bogs, Dudley, June 17, 1899, Leland J. Spalding (17). — Drained swamp, Webster, June 19, 1905, Spalding (1). —Worcester, 1852, A. Gray (?) (3).— Berlin, E. .S. Wheeler (3).—Shrews- bury, July 20, 1891, Gertrude Hakes (2).— Ashburnham, July 12, 1896, Sydney Harris (2); July, 1877, H. H. Rusby (10).—In woods, spur of Mt. Wachusett, Princeton, July 12, 1893, C. A. Regester & J. F. Col- lins (2). HampsuirE Co.: Northampton, E. Hitchcock, Jr. (3).—Wet woods, Am- herst, June 18-19, 1870, H. G. Jesup (6, 16). Norrotk Co.: Purgatory swamp, Dedham, June 14, 1889, Faxon (2, 3); June 27, 1888, Faxon (3); July 10, 1861, Wm. Boott (3).—Green Lodge, Dedham, June 15, 1896, Geo. F. Goodno (4); Dedham Road, July 5, 1901, A. Clark & R. G. Leavitt (1).—Blue Hill, Milton, June 23, 1889, L. F. Ward (2).—Canton, July 5, 1901, Leavitt (5).—Stoughton, June 12, 1905, Leavitt (1). Brisrot Co.; Swampy deciduous woods, Easton, July 17, 1903, O. Ames [ 198 ] ORCHIDACEAE & A. A. Eaton (1); July 24, 1903, Ames (1).—Fall River, August 4, H. fimbriata 1902, S. N. F. Sanford (?) (3). RHODE ISLAND, Provipence County Providence, J. Metcalf (3). Kent Co.: Meadows, Warwick, July, 1883, W. W. Bailey (5). CONNECTICUT, Hartrorp County Wet sandy woods, Southington, June 28, 1901, C. H. Bissell (3). NEW YORK, Herkimer County Along head-waters of Black River, head of North Lake, Witmurt, July 13, 1902, Dr. J. V. Haberer (no. 879) (1, 3). Onema Co.: Along Bear Creek at White Lake Corners, Forestport, July 15, 1903, Haberer (no. 2680) (1). Yates Co.: Penn Yan, Dr. S(artwell) (4). Tompkins Co.: Lake Marsh, Dryden, June 26, 1878, Wm. Trelease (4).— Ithaca, June, 1879, Rutherford P. Hayes (2). DetawakE Co.: Fleischmanns, July 23, 1892, Hermann Schrenk (4). Cuemune Co.: Lowman’s Swamp, July 3, 1892, T. F. Lucy, M.D. (no. 10,075) (5). NEW JERSEY, Bercen County Wet woods, Oradell, June 19, 1904, Kenneth K. Mackenzie (no. 765) (1). Morris Co.: Wet woods, Budd’s Lake, June 25, 1869, C. F. Parker (4). PENNSYLVANIA, Prxe County E. A. Rau (nos. 838, 839) (2). Union Co.: H. R. Nott (2). MonroE Co.: Meadow, 'Tobyhauna Creek, Pocono Mt., August 8, 1867, Wm. M. Canby (16). WEST VIRGINIA, Pocanontas County June 20, 1896, W. M. Pollock (4); June 21, 1896 (5). NORTH CAROLINA Moist soil, Pisgah Mt., July 2, 1897 (Biltmore no. 4994b) (2, 3, 5). Waravea Co.: Flat Top, Blowing Rock (14). MircHeEtt Co.: Roan Mt., 6000 ft. alt., July 27, 1889, F. L. Scribner (8); 6300 ft., July 16, 1891, J. K. Small & A. A. Heller (no. 402) (2). Yancey Co.: Moist soil along a mountain brook near Yeates Knob, June 24, 1898 (Biltmore no. 4994 a) (5). Buncomse Co.: Rich grounds on the wooded slopes of Craggy Mt., [ 199 ] H. fimbriata HI. pera- meena ORCHIDACE June 23, 1897 (Biltmore no. 4994) (2, 3, 4, 5); September 19, 1900, (fruit) (Biltmore no. 4994 d) (5). TENNESSEE Rich woods, Thunderhead Mt., east Tennessee, July, 1895, Albert Ruth (5). 32. H. peramcena Gray, in Sill. Journ. 38: 310 (1840), Man. ed. 5, 503 (1867), ed. 6, 510 (1890), Field, For. & Gard. Bot. 325 (1868), rev. ed. 409 (1895); Willis, Cat. N. J. 61 (1874); James, Cat. Cincinnati 18 (1879); Britton, Prel. Cat. N. J. 94 (1881); Gattinger, Tenn. FI. 83 (1887); Britton, Cat. N. J. 285 (1889) ; Galen, Fl. Lance. Co. (1895), 15 (1898); Britton & Br., Ul. FL. 1: 466, f. 1113 (1896); Kearney, in Bail. Cycl. Am. Hort., 2: 706 (1900); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 455 (1901); Gattinger, F). Tenn. 62 (1901); Mathews, Field-book 92 (1902); Jelliffe, Gibson’s Nat. Orch. 63, t. 27 (1905); Ames, in Gray Man. ed. 7, 311 (1908). Orchis palmata peramoena, Caryophylli montani flo- ribus, margine fimbriatis, ex voPEE Pluk., Mant. 141, t. 434, f. 6 (1769). Habenaria fissa FR. Br., in Hb. Banks, Prodr. 312 (1810); Beck, Bot. ed. 1, 349 (1883); Darl., Fl. Cestr. ed. 1, 508 (1837). Not H. fissa Spreng. (=H. psycodes). Orchis fissa Pursh, Fl. 2: 589 (1814); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 875 (1824). Not of MwAl. nor Willd. ( = H. psycodes). —O. incisa Pursh, F\. 2:589 (1814); Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Haton, Man. ed. 4, 375 (1824). Not O. incisa Willd. ( =H. psycodes).— O. fusa Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818). Platanthera fissa Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 294 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 351 (1841); Correvon, Orch. Rust.171 (1893).—P. peramoena Gray, Man. ed. 1, 473 (1848), ed. 2, 447 (1856), ed. 3, 447 (1859); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 1, 461 (1860), ed. 2, 461 (1884), ed. 3, 487 (1897); Wood, Class-book [ 200 ] ORCHIDACEE 685 (1861); Correvon, Orch. Rust. 175 (1898); Krdnzl., Orch. H. pera- Gen. et Sp. 1: 608 (1899), excl. syns. Platanthera and Habe- ™©"4 naria grandiflora.—P. psycodes Darl. Fl. Cestr. ed. 3, 312 (1853) in part? Blephariglottis peramcena Rydb., in Britton’s Man. 297 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 814 (1908), in Porter’s Fl]. Pa. 94 (1903). Habenaria peramena is readily distinguished from H. fim- briata, to which it bears a close resemblance, by the denticulate rather than fimbriate divisions of the labellum. PENNSYLVANIA 1841, McMinn (2).—Alleghany Mts., Nuttall (13). Curster Co.: Swamps, August, 1863, W. M. Canby (4, 6).— Meadows, August, 1867, Canby (4). Lancaster Co.: Mouth of the Pequea, August 20, 1862, 7’. C. Porter (2, 3.)—Pleasantgrove, August 12, 1867, J. J. Carter (1). DELAWARE, NewcastLe County July, 1864, Canby (?) (16). MARYLAND Glades, August, 1843 (3). Crcit Co.: Risingsun, July 24, 1905, J. J. Carter (1). Garrett Co.: Deer Park, August 2, 1879, G. Guttenberg (10). Prince GeorcE Co.: Laurel, July, 1892 (2).—July, 1895 (2).— August 7, 1898, Geo. Marshall (2). DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Flat near first lock, July 28, 1897, E. S. Steele (2). NORTH CAROLINA 1841, Met Curtis (4). TrEpELL Co.: Rare, Statesville, July, 1880, Hyams (2, 5). BuncomsECo. : Roandale Farm, June 15,1895, 4. G. Wetherby (no. 189) (2). —Biltmore, August 8, 1894 (5); moist soil near Biltmore, August 3, 1898 (Biltmore no. 488b) (5). Swain Co.: Great Smoky Mts., alt. 2000, August 15, 1891, Beardslee & Kofoid (3). [ 201 ] ORCHIDACE H. pera- ALABAMA, LaupErDALE County moena Pruitton, June, 1896, John H. Harrison (12). TENNESSEE East Tennessee, C. C. Parry, 1870 (2). Sumver Co.: Mitchellville, September, 1883, Dr. A. Gattinger (8). Rosertson Co.: Cedar Hill, July 14, 1882, Gattinger (2, 8). Benton Co. : Camden, July, 1892, F’. Lamson-Scribner (8). McNairy Co.: Bottoms, July 4, 1893, Samuel M. Bain (no. 458) (3). KENTUCKY Damp woods, 1840, C. W. Short (4). JEFFERSON Co.: Wet lands about Louisville, 1835, Short (3). WEST VIRGINIA, Upsuur County Near Bucklin, July 31, 1895, W. M. Pollock (2, 4). OHIO, Hamitron County Our most common species, in moist woods and meadows. Sometimes four feet high, Fernbank-ad ripas fluminis Ohio, prope North Bend, 1846, C. W. Short (3, 4). INDIANA, JEFFERSON CounTY Hanover, August, 1876, 4. H. Young (10). ILLINOIS July 18, 1892 (4). Marion Co.: Salem, 1860, M. S. Bebb (8). Jackson Co.: Carbondale, Geo. Vasey (3). Union Co.: Cobden, July, F. S. Earle (1). MISSOURI St. Francis River, July 14, 1897, Savage & Stull (no. 751) (4). Iron Co.: Wet ground, bank of creek, Pilot Knob, August 10, 1897, Colton Russell (4). Green Co.: Common, Campbell, July 18, 1895, B. F. Bush (no. 619) (4, 5). Butter Co.: Grassy places, July, 1893, H. Eggert. Rirtey Co.: Sandy woods, Pleasantgrove, rare, July 17, 1897, Kenneth K. Mackenzie (no. 329) (4).— Poplar Bluff, July 10,1897, 4.8. Duckworth (2). H. distans 33. H. distans Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 270 (1866); Sawv., FI. Cub. 233 (1873); Chapm., Fl. S. U. S. ed. 2, 654 (1884), ed. 3, [ 202 ] ORCHIDACE 488 (1897); Reichb. f., in Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell. 3: 274 (1885); H. distans Krénzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 61 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp.1: 194 (1897); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 315 (1903); Urban, in Symb. Antill. 4: 162 (1905); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 300 (1909). “184. HABENARIA DISTANS Gr. radicellis villosis tuberiferis, caule basi foliato (1’ alto), foliis elliptico-oblongis acutis (4’—6" longis), racemo paucifloro: floribus distantibus: bracteis mem- branaceis oblongo-lanceolatis ovario duplo brevioribus, perigonii segmentis exterioribus lateralibus reflexis ovato-lanceolatis (4’” longis), superiori ovato obtusiusculo, interioribus bipartitis eorumque segmento anteriori falcato-lineari descendente pos- teriorem subaquante, hoc oblongo, labello ad basin trisecto: segmentis linearibus, lateralibus patentissimis incurvis, medio longiori, calcare filiformi descendente versus basin compresso- clavellato (8’”’-10” longo) ovarium subeequante v. excedente. — Habenaria n. sp. Lindl. Orch. Wr.—Cuba or., pr. Monteverde (Wr. 1481) E.” Griseb. loc. cit. Habenaria jamaicensis Fawcett & Rendle is a closely allied species characterized in part by the short anterior divisions of the petals. HI. distans is an extremely rare plant in Florida, where it ap- pears to have been collected only once, in 1878, by A. P. Gar- ber. No other collection has been made in Florida of which I have any knowledge. The Cuban specimens collected by Wright, which constitute the type of H. distans, are large plants very unlike the speci- mens from Florida. FLORIDA, Ler County Caloosa, August, 1878, 4. P. Garber (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 16). [ 203 ] ORCHIDACE H. distans CUBA Hi. jamai- censis Prope villam Monte Verde dictam, Cuba Oriental, January-July, 1859, C. Wright (no. 1481) (3, 4), (type). Reported as follows: PORTO RICO Prope Mayaguez, in sylvis montis Mesa, 30, X, 1884, Sintenis (no. 501). HAYTI Cf. Urban, Joc. cit. 34. H. jamaicensis Fawcett & Rendle, in Journ. Bot. 47: 126 (1909).—H. distans var. 8 jamaicensis Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 300 (1909). “Caulis basi paucifoliatus. Folia 3, 4-ve, inferiora rotundato- ovalia, obtusissima, superiora ovalia, acuta; amplexicaulia, bre- vissime vaginata. Racemus laxiter 4-12-florus. Bracteze mem- branacez, ovato-lanceolatz lanceolatzeve, acute acuminatzve, amplexicaules; steriles 2-4, plus minus distantes, breviter am- plexicaules ; florales ovario subeequilonge. Sepala, dorsale ovato- suborbiculare, obtussisimum, cucullatum; lateralia deflexa, semi- ovata, subfalcata, obtusa, apiculata, dorsali paullo longiora. Petala 2-partita, partitionibus valde inzqualibus; posteriore oblongo-lanceolato, falcato, acuto, conniventi, sepalo dorsali paullo breviore; anteriore subulato, erecto, brevi, quam posterior multoties breviore. Labellum usque ad basin 3-partitum, medio lobo lineari-ligulato, lobis lateralibus plerumque breviore; lobis lateralibus filiformibus, erectis, quam petalorum partitiones pos- teriores multo longioribus ; caleare pendulo, tenui, leviter clavato, obtuso, ovario subeequilongo; processubus stigmaticis brevibus, truncato-rotundatis; anthere canalibus subaqualibus, leviter curvatis; staminodibus breviter triangularibus. “Plant 1.5-3 dm. |. Leaves 3-9 cm. 1., 1.5-4.5 em. br. Ra- . ceme 4—15 cm. |. Bracts, sterile 5-2 em. 1., floral 2.5-1.5 em. 1 [ 204 ] (igh ca he Sah ia Bao 6, Xe bey ar \ i - r, ih j Die ites aie Ki ee LS 4", ils ion. wy } vei at 4 Oe A uae ray ie HPht “Aes wa Veet oi : an be aa ish es ‘ | ‘ie precnerinan the ak bh ee ae ie . e mA ror i ; loa an niet ot Naa Ri vg ph | Poti y i ‘eae oh ae ; : Ai vey ait tng aad a ye eae ciisttor Fall | # Lis catia bie re WS, i, Mall lratiat iit wt abr w : | ; ! f - 2 ma) a 0 Th. ne és; 4 on, fe ee ' ome tags ~ ae 2S 8 zie aN < a. ORCHIDACE® Piate 67. Habenaria jamaicensis Plant, natural size, drawn from a dried speci- men collected in Jamaica by W. Harris (no. 10,499). 1. Flower, to show comparative lengths of the divisions of the petals and labellum. 2. Pe- tal. The flower and petal drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 205 ] H. jamai- censis H. Tiirck- heimai ORCHIDACEA Pedicels about 5 mm. |. Flowers greenish. Sepals, dorsal 6-7 mm. |., 4.5—6 mm. br., lateral 6.5-9 mm. 1., 3.5-4 mm. br. Petals, posterior segment 5.5-7 mm. l., 1.5-2 mm. br.; anterior seg- ment 1.5-2 mm. 1. Lip, middle lobe, 6.5-10 mm. 1. about 1 mm. br.; lateral 9-12 mm. |.; spur 13-16 mm. 1. “ Hab.—On rocky, or clayey, shady banks, in flower Dec.— April, Mt. Hybla, 4000 ft., 7851; Clydesdale, 4000-4500 ft., 7854; Moody’s Gap, 3000 ft., 7768; near Cinchona, 4500 ft., 10,449 ;! Harris. “Resembles H. distans Griseb. in the aggregation of the leaves at the base of the stem, and generally in the shape of the leaves, though those of H. distans are longer. Grisebach’s species also differs in the bracts being about as long as, or longer than, the flower; and in the anterior segment of the petal being about equal to the posterior.” Fawcett & Rendle, loc. cit. The very short anterior division of the petals is character- istic, and readily distinguishes HZ. jamaicensis from H. distans. Cogniaux is inclined to regard this as a variety of HZ. distans. JAMAICA 4500 ft. alt. amongst mosses on rocky banks, near Cinchona, July 4, 1908, W. Harris (no. 10,499) (1).—4000 ft. alt. growing under shade among mosses, flowers greenish, Clydesdale, February 15, 1900, Harris (no. 7854) (22).—4000 ft. alt., growing in damp clayey land, Mt. Hybla, February 8, 1900, Harris (no. 7851) (22). 35. H. Tiirckheimii Schltr., in Fedde Rep. Nov. Spec. Veg. 2: 129 (1906). “Terrestris, erecta, simplex, c. 20 cm. alta; foliis basilaribus 5-6, plantagineo-rosulatis, ellipticis acuminatis, glabris, textura tenuibus, usque ad 8.5 cm. longis, medio fere vel infra medium 1 Typographical error in original description. Read 10,499. [ 206 ] ORCHIDACEA usque ad 3.5 cm. latis; caule tereti glabro, substricto, brevi, foliis basilaribus exceptis vaginis foliaceis acuminatis, erectis, plus minusve approximatis obsesso; racemo sublaxe multifloro (c. 20) subelongato, c. 12 cm. alto; floribus erecto-patentibus illis H. entomanthe Ldl. fere e2quimagnis, viridibus; sepalo in- termedio ovato apiculato, concavo, glabro, 0.7 cm. longo, later- alibus patulis subfalcatis oblique lanceolato-ellipticis acuminatis, glabris, intermedio fere xquilongis; petalis bipartitis, glabris, partitione postica lineari-falcata acuta, sepalo intermedio zqui- longa, partitione antica filiformi c. 1.1 cm. longa; labello tri- partito, glabro, partitionibus lateralibus partitioni antice peta- lorum similibus, ¢. 1.2 em. longis, filiformibus, partitione inter- media anguste lineari obtusiuscula c. 0.8 cm. longa, calcare cylindrico dimidio anteriore paulo crassiore subacuto, decurvo, 1.5 cm. longo, glabro; anthera apice emarginata, glabra, rostelli lobo intermedio triangulo obtuso, dimidium loculorum altitu- dine vix excedente, canalibus porrectis, brevibus; processibus stigmatiferis crassiusculis, truncatis, canalibus anthere breviori- bus; ovario glabro cylindraceo, c. 1 em. longa. “Guatemala: In Felsspalten bei Cubilguitz, c. 350 m. ii. M. —H. v. Tiirckheim no. 766 (It. II), bliihend im August, 1903. “Mit H. entomantha Ldl. verwandt. Habituell recht ver- schieden von allen Arten dieser Gruppe.” Schltr. loc. cit. GUATEMALA, Atta Verapaz Perigon griin, Cubilquitz, alt. 350 m., August, 1903, H. von Tiirckheim, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 8588) (1); November, 1901, Tiirckheim, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 8308) (1). In my herbarium there are two specimens of Habenaria Tiirckheimi from Guatemala. One is presumably a duplicate from the same collection in which the type was found. The [ 207 ] Hi. Tiirck- heimiu ORCHIDACEZ Pirate 68. Habenaria Tiirckheimii Plant, natural size, drawn from a dried speci- men collected by H. von Tiirckheim in Gua- temala. 1. Flower. 2. Pollen-mass. 3. Petal. Flower and parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 208 ] HABE NARIA OR ek. te Sekt eu. iP Pre” Re aay iy ida sheen r Aiect rt Rea) ot ee) ier Fae SY aaa. " ~“ . ; } ‘ : } | ‘a ‘ ¢. at a. : ; a tae ‘A My. “4 one ‘salt i oy F! ry wy ee y EN Ai7 iv ie | i - are it vee f bibse baa | wae 4 7 Hee fi i ; mB! SPE Re ER's. A Pi iy, ; | ae ‘ q *% \ ‘ . ? ee Lo * Le ORCHIDACEA leaves are approximate, six or more in number, chartaceous, and H. Tiirck- basal, and somewhat similar to the leaves of HZ. distans in their arrangement. The accompanying plate was prepared from this specimen. 36. H. setifera Lindl, in Ann. Nat. Hist. 4: 381 (1840); Reichb. f., in Linnea 18: 407 (1844); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884); Krdnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 118 (1893); Cogn., in Mart. FI. Bras. 8: pt. 4, 62 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 285 (1898); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 308 (1909). —H. spathacea Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845); Reichb. f., in Bonpl. 2: 10 (1854); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 8: 806 (1884); Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 455 (1887); Krdanzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 95 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 247 (1897).—H. pauciflora Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 99 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 254 (1897) in part, as to Palmer’s plant; Cogn., in Mart. F'l. Bras. 3: pt. 4, 37 (1893) as to Palmer’s plant. “Habenaria (A. § 1. xx. b.) setifera; foliis ensiformibus ca- rinatis erectis apice incurvis setiferis, caule foliato 1-—2-floro, bracteis inflatis ovario longipedunculato brevioribus, petalis bipartitis: lacinia anteriore lineari posterioris longitudine, labelli tripartiti laciniis linearibus carnosis intermedia longiore, calcare pendulo clavato pedunculo subaquali.— Meaico, ad Choapam, inter gramina, Junio, Hartweg. “A plant allied to H. macroceras, of which it has much the habit.” Lindl. loc. cit. Habenaria setifera, H. spathacea and H. pauciflora are very closely allied species, if not conspecific. In the synonymy of | HZ. setifera 1 have included H. spathacea, as an examination of the types did not reveal any marked differences between these f 209 ] heimai H. setifera ORCHIDACE Prate 69. Habenaria setifera Flower, much enlarged. 1. Column. 2. Pollen- mass. Flower and partsdrawn from a photograph of the original drawing by Richard preserved in the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Richard’s drawing was prepared, presumably, from a specimen collected in Mexico by Linden. [ 210 } HABE NARIA setifera Lindl we) Pts Vy ee aa \ ebb Tht us fs ‘ | ie i it atn ‘a ah ; Re ako a | i“ . rae = pt sect a ia ve bid we | a ie a. CAR ‘ laf "4 f five hk i. ORCHIDACEA two species. It is highly probable that H1. pauciflora should in- H. setifera clude both H. setifera and H. spathacea, but my material has been insufficient for a definitive conclusion regarding HZ. pauci- flora. H. pauciflora appears to be confined to tropical South America. MEXICO, Duranco August 16, 1897, J. N. Rose (no. 2326) (2). San Luis Porosr: Hillsides, Las Canoas, August 8, 1891, Pringle (no. 5024) (3, 7). Jatisco: Rio Blanco, June—October, 1886, Dr. Edw. Palmer (no. 342) (2, 3, 4, 16).—Plains near Guadalajara, September 10, 1890, Pringle (no. 3571) (3); grassy slopes of rocky hills, August 21, 1893, Pringle (no. 4507) (2, 3, 4, 7); September 30, 1903, J. N. Rose & Jos. H. Painter (no. 7485) (2). Vera Cruz: Terrestre dans les savannahs, Zacuapan, petales Cun vert Jjaundtre ; labelle, blanc, fleur en juillet, Linden (21), (type of H. spathacea Rich. & Gal.). Oaxaca: Choapém, Hartweg (20), (type). TRINIDAD St. Martha, Purdie (20). VENEZUELA Prope coloniam Tovar, Caracas, 1856-7, Fendler (no. 1409) (3), det. Lindl. PERU Tarapota, Spruce (no. 4953) (20). Reported as follows: COLOMBIA Antioquia, Kalbreyer (no. 1915). 37. H. mesodactyla Griseb., Fl. Br. W. Ind. 644 (1864); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 101 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 256 (1897); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 302 (1909). **225. H. mesodactyla, Gr. (n. sp.). Slender; leaves linear- setaceous, distant; flowers very distant in a 3—5-flowered spike: [ 211 ] HI, meso- dactyla ORCHIDACEA H. meso- bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, little exceeded by the incurved dactyla ovary; perigonial divisions exterior lateral reflexed, oblong-lan- ceolate, superior deltoid, 2 interior 2-partite: their anterior seg- ments setaceous, twice as long as the linear posterior ones; lip 3-partite: segments filiform: middle twice as long as the lateral ones: spur little shorter than the ovary, filiform, somewhat cla- vate, descending; appendages of the stigma short, thickish, rounded. — Nearly allied to the preceding,! with which it grows intermingled (Cr.), and some characters depend perhaps upon the more advanced state of development in which this was col- lected. Habit and proportions the same, but stem rather higher, flowers more distant, and lip-segments narrower.— Has. Trini- dad, Cr., in savannahs, Piarco.” Griseb. loc. cit. I have seen no specimens of this species. In my herbarium there is an excellent sketch of the material in the Kew Herbarium, for which I am indebted to the kindness of Dr. D. Prain. This sketch shows a slender plant with wand-like stems and linear, bract-like leaves. The inflorescence is loose, somewhat one-sided, and few- flowered. Contrary to the description published by Grisebach, the middle division of the labellum, as shown by the sketch, is much shorter than the lateral divisions. The material from which the sketch was prepared was collected in Trinidad by Dr. Crueger, and was used by Grisebach in his work on the Flora of the British West Indian Islands ; consequently the discrepancy between the description and the material at Kew is of unusual interest. Kranzlin, in Orchidacearum Genera et Species, states that the anterior division of the petals is longer than the posterior division, but not twice longer, as described by Grisebach, and he describes the labellum as tripartite, with the middle division about twice as long as the lateral ones. (PLATE 70.) 1H. setacea, which Cogniaux has described as H. Cruegeri. [ 212 ] ey? wv > tad a wali Ht Ney: 7 Lad sine aah ie vie . cn tiae PRY np aie, hie fa fad sai ! ? hd Al i Hi hat MAR OMA sky Na i ‘ iawn aha ow ¥, 9 AN lo ba 4 a pl Ped ‘e Vi a, wi ca . tle thing ie Piety iy isa at pilin reheat : | i peal sy th id - ne ea dt ve (ita! 7 ay” Leni pari this Her: ane ha bt ie ee eae. a. ae Janu bape die * cahvaleg Pa eal Yi aij onlye cea a RN ae ‘, Te a a eT ieetip asia i ak 3 im phigh: yi pire! Aha A os Jes alpen: “id Chives Bete ee | ue n i Remade oh a Ves: oath A amobtae 4 7 haa abe . ange) pa then, Mek at tae Fae } 4 ges ws ‘S 7 . ; i i eae ma ee pared? ae A a ee Thy. ; ; ls chee ; a ; on Looney , (iyo i$ . : ! he, ail YUMA yligee ae ih Ap WY tous, 1) SNe sae he 3. ae ips bein Te ies billed a Wien ate hae \\i/ es yy j F = ives 4 1 = 2 ‘ * ay HABENARIA Loprieurt DS mee ! Kava i | | | | | | ORCHIDACEA PriaTe 70 I. Habenaria mesodactyla. Drawn from a sketch, prepared by M. Smith, of the specimens collected in Trinidad, British West Indies, by Dr. Crueger (no. 66), and preserved in the herbarium at the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew. 1. Flower. 2. La- bellum and column. 3. Petal. I]. Habenaria Leprieuri. Flower drawn from a dried specimen collected in Trinidad, British West Indies, by W. E. Broadway. 4. Petal. 5. La- bellum. Flower and parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 213 ] ORCHIDACEAZ H. Leprieuri 38. H. Leprieuri Reichd. f, in Linnea 19: 376 (1847), in Walp. Ann. 1:798 (1848), Otia bot. Hamb. 2: 50 (1881); Warm., Symb. FI. Bras. pt. 30, 91, t. 8, f. 1 (1884—5); Krdnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16:101(1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 256 (1897) ; Cogn., in Mart. Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 4, 47 (1893), in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 301 (1909). “12, Habenaria Leprieuri: spica pauci- (2-6-) flora, floribus dis- tantibus, bracteis ovatis acutis ovario (in speciminibus observatis prope maturo) brevioribus, perigonii phyllis externis ovatis ob- tusiusculis, internis minoribus falcatis, cum phyllo superiore ga- leatis, labello tripartito, laciniis lateralibus filiformibus divari- catis, media lanceolata obtusiuscula, lobis lateralibus subzequali, calcare filiformi ovario amplo apice breviter attenuato multo breviore. (Lindl. Gen. et Orch. ad A. § 2. C.) « Zierliche, sehr zarte, fusshohe, steif aufgerichtete Pflanze mit 3-4 linealen, spitzen Blattern, durch das Trocknen schwarz. «Cayenne, Leprieur. 1839! Im Herbar des Hern. von Delessert und im eignen, von demselben mitgetheilt.” Reichb. f. loc. cit. I place here specimens gathered in Trinidad (British West In- dies) by W. E. Broadway. The flowers agree well with the fig- ure in Warming’s Symbole ad Floram Brasilie and with the description published by Cogniaux in Mart. Fl. Bras. The seta- ceous, or narrowly linear, leaves are distinctive when compared with other species in our range. The raceme, however, of one of Broadway's specimens is composed of twenty or more flowers, differing in this respect from the type. The number of flowers may be extremely variable. The general habit of Broadway’s material suggests H. meso- dactyla, but the flower is unlike the drawing prepared from the specimens preserved in the Kew Herbarium. The material from which my illustration is taken is presumably referable to H. Leprieurt. Broadway’s specimens are of unusual interest, as they [ 214 ] ORCHIDACE exhibit a wide range of variation in the form of the inflorescence 7. Leprieuri and in the relative proportions of the divisions of the petals and labellum. Cogniaux’s observations tend to show that great vari- ation may be expected in the anterior division of the petal, this being either well developed or much reduced. Warming’s figure shows the anterior division of the petal to be more slender than in the material chosen for illustration here. (PLATE 70.) TRINIDAD Purdie.— W. E. Broadway (1). FRENCH GUIANA Leprieur (no. 231). BRAZIL, Minas Gerais Lagoa Santa, Warming. 39. H. Cruegeri Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 302 (1909). H. Cruegeri —H. setacea Gviseb., Fl. Br. W. Ind. 644 (1864), not Lind. “Tuberidiis parvis, ovoideo-oblongis, villosis; caule subfili- formi, breviusculo, basi vaginato, supra sparse vaginato; foliis erectis, rigidiusculis, lineari-setaceis, non carinatis, basi longi- uscule vaginantibus; racemo breviusculo, laxe 5-8-floro; brac- teis membranaceis, ovato-lanceolatis, acutissime longeque acu- minatis, leviter ventricosis, ovario circiter zequilongis; floribus subsecundis; sepalis trinerviis, dorsali ovato, obtuso, lateralibus paulo longioribus, deflexis, triangulari-lanceolatis, acutiusculis; petalis bipartitis, partitionibus zequilongis, sepalo dorsali paulo brevioribus, postica lineari-ligulata acuta, antica erecta setacea; labello carnosulo usque ad basin tripartito, partitionibus sub- zqualibus, sepalis lateralibus zequilongis, anguste linearibus, lat- eralibus acutiusculis, intermedia vix latiore obtusa; calcare pen- dulo, filiformi-clavato, obtuso, ovario equilongo; processubus stigmaticis brevibus, crassis, rotundatis. [ 215 ] H. Cruegeri HI. repens ORCHIDACE/ “ Habenaria setacea Griseb.! Flor.(1864), p. 644 (non Lindl. !). “Tuberidia obtusa, paulo obliqua, 10-12 mm. longa. Caulis strictus vel leviter flexuosus, teretiusculus, 12-85 cm. altus, 4-1 mm. crassus. Folia tenuiter trinervia, limbo 2-4 cm. longo basi 1-2 mm. lato, vagina 1-3 mm. longa. Racemus rectus, 3-8 cm. longus. Bractez adpressz, basi amplexicaules, 8-13 mm. long. Flores erecto-patuli, virescentes. Ovarium anguste lineari- fusiforme, leviter arcuatum, 10-11 mm. longum. Sepala sub- membranacea, dorsale satis concavum, 3 mm. longum, 2 mm. latum, lateralia subplana, leviter obliqua, 34-4 mm. longa, 14 mm. lata. Petalorum partitiones subrectz, 24 mm. longe. Labellum deflexum, partitionibus leviter divergentibus, 35—- 4mm. longis; calcar rectum, 1 cm. longum, inferne 4 mm. su- perne # mm. crassum. Capsula erecta, leviter arcuata, fusiformis, crasse 6-costata, 14-16 mm. longa. “Hab. in Trinidad ad Aripo et Piarco, fl. et fr. V: Crueger n. 49 et 67.” Cogn. loc. cit. Among the orchids collected by Crueger in Trinidad, and de- scribed by Grisebach in the Flora of the British West Indian Islands, there were two closely allied species of Habenaria, one of which Grisebach referred to H. setacea. Subsequent studies have proved that H. setacea does not come within our range. Professor Cogniaux has recently decided that Grisebach’s H. setacea is an undescribed species; and in Urban’s Symbole An- tillane it appears under the name Hi. Cruegeri. 40. H. repens Nutt., Gen. 2: 190 (1818); Elliott, Sketch 2: 489 (1824); Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826); Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 310 (1835); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 717 (1841); Chapm., F1. S.U.S. ed. 1, 461 (1860), ed. 2, 461 (1884), ed. 3, 487 (1897); Darby, [ 216 ] ORCHIDACE Bot. S. St. 527 (1866); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884); H. repens Wood & McCarthy, Wilmington Fl. 50 (1886); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 135 (1893); Cogn., in Mart. Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 4, 91 (1893); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 317 (1898), excl. Gardner no. 3990; Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 455 (1901); Rolfe, in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2686 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U.S. 815 (1903); Harper, in Plant World 6: 165 (1903); Ames, Orch. Fl. Fla. 11 (1904), Orchidacez fase. 1: 51, t. 14 (1905); Rusby, in Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 112, f. 3 (1906); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 805 (1909). Orchis lacera Elhott, Sketch 2: 484 (1824) in part (as to plant of Dr. Macbride from St. Stephens).—O. repens Raf, Neogenyton 4 (1825) nomen sub Mesicera; Wood, Am. Bot. & Flor. 328 (1871). Habenaria tricuspis 4. Rich., in Sagra Fl. Cub. 2: 249 (1850); Gviseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 271 (1866); Sawv., Fl. Cub. 233 (18738). Platanthera repens Wood, Class-book 685 (1861). Habenaria radicans Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 271 (1866) (Wright no. 3309).—PH. maxillaris Reichb. f., Beitr. Orch. Cent. Am. 61 (1866), not Lindl. “2. *repens. Root creeping; leaves and bractes lanceolate, acute; lip 3-parted, lateral segments setaceous; spur scarcely the length of the germ, adscendent; inner petals biparted, the lower segment setaceous. Has. On the margins of ponds near Savan- nah in Georgia and in Carolina; subaquatic. Oss. Root peren- nial, fibrous, creeping, base of the stem also radicant; fibres lanuginous. Stem leafy, about 12 inches high. Leaves oblong- lanceolate, approximate, in the spike diminishing to bractes, which are about equal with the flowers. Spike linear, 3 to 5 inches long. Flowers yellowish-green, numerous, but not dense. [ 217 ] ORCHIDACEA H. repens Outer segments of the calix glandularly mucronulate, upper segments vaulted; the 2 inner petals bifid nearly to the base, with the divisions so unequal and divaricate as to appear un- connected, the upper one linear and acute, the lower setaceous; lip 3-parted, the central portion shorter and linear, the 2 lateral setaceous.” Nutt. loc. cit. NORTH CAROLINA 1884, McCarthy (2).—Near Wilmington, October, 1867, Wm. M. Canby (4, 16). SOUTH CAROLINA Met Curtis (4). Aken Co.: Aiken, August, 1869, H. W. Ravenell (2). BerKxELEy Co.: Santee Canal, July, Ravenell (3).—St. Stephens, Dr. Macbride (13). Beavrort Co. : Bluffton, 1882, Dr. Mellichamp (4) ; 1873, Mellichamp (16); 1881, Mellichamp (3).— Beaufort district, 1882, Mellichamp (5). GEORGIA, Cuatuam County Swamps near Savannah, August 17, 1900 (Biltmore no. 4032 a) (5). MclInrtosu Co: Fresh marshes of Altamaha River just below Darien, Sep- tember 17, 1903, R. M. Harper (no. 2002) (1). Lownpes Co.: Floating with Piaropus crassipes in pool, about two miles north of Valdosta, September 1, 1902, Harper (no. 1590) (2, 4). FLORIDA, Vo tus1a County Wet ground, Beresford, July 11, 1900, 4. H. Curtiss (no. 6683) (2, 3,4, 5,7). Lake Co.: Eustis, Prof’ Marsh, Hb. Chapman (5); June and July, 1894, A. S. Hitchcock (4); April 1-15, 1894, Geo. V. Nash (no. 311) (5, 14); swamps, in water, May 1-15, 1894, Nash (no. 578) (3, 4, 10); swampy ground, June 1-15, Nash (no. 873) (2, 3, 4, 10). Sumrer Co.: Ditches and swamps, August, 1877, Curtiss (no. 2772) (2, 4, 7, 16). Cirrus Co.: June-July, 1898, 4. §. Hitchcock (4). Orance Co.: Low pine woods, Oviedo, May 31, 1904, 4. A. Eaton (no. 1025) (1). Brevarp Co.: Rich woods, near Georgiana Landing, February, 1889, Wm. M. Canby (?) (16). [ 218 ] ORCHIDACE Potx Co.: In water, on floating bog, May 12, 1894, L. B. Ohlinger Hl. repens (no. 682) (4). ManaTEE Co.: Manatee, December, 1877, 4. P. Garber (2, 3, 7, 16). — Swampy head, Oneco, June 4, 1904, Eaton (no. 1075) (1). Ler Co.: Fort Myers, June 5, 1904, Eaton (no. 1083) (1).— Naples, March, 1904, O. Ames (1). Dave Co.: Wet sand by railroad, Fort Lauderdale, November 19, 1903, Eaton (1). ALABAMA, Batpwin County Borders of ponds and ditches in the shade, Point Clear, September, 1884 (4). Mostte Co.: Boggy borders of ponds and ditches, Mobile, October, Chas. Mohr (12). LOUISIANA Ex Hb. Thurber (3). —Josiah Hale, ex Hb. Thurber (3). CUBA 1836, Ramon de la Sagra (21), (type of H. tricuspis).— 1860-4, C. Wright (no. 3305) (3, 4).—Pinales la Catalina, September 11 (1860-4), Wright (no. 3307) (3). —Floating islands in Lagunas San Mateo, near Pinar del Rio, December 8 (1860-4), Wright (no. 3309) (3, 4). PORTO RICO In wet sand, Manati to Vega Baja, June 14—July 22, 1901, L. M. Under- wood & R. F. Griggs (no. 942) (22). VENEZUELA Sacupana, April, 1896, H. H. Rusby & Roy W. Squires (no. 394) (3, 4). Reported as follows: JAMAICA St. Anne’s, McNab. GUATEMALA Around lake, Duenas, 4950 ft., Salvin (no. 183). NICARAGUA Greytown, Tate (no. 462). BRITISH GUIANA Aquatic in trenches, coast region, Jenman (no. 4422).— Near Georgetown, Jenman (no. 7232). [ 219 ] HI. repens H. Pringlei ORCHIDACEA BRAZIL, Santa CaTHARINA At Blumenau, Ue (no. 873). 41. H. Pringlei B. L. Robinson, in Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 184 (1891); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 188 (1897).— H. macro- ceratitis Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 192 (1897) in part, as syn., 1: 887 (1900), not Willd. “ HABENARIA PRINGLEI. Roots mostly fibrous, but the central one tuberous: stem 3 feet high: leaves sheathing, ensiform, carinate, 6-8 inches long, an inch in breadth, gradually tapering to a long point: bracts lanceolate, sharply acuminate, 2 inches long, 5 lines broad; flowers about 10, large, pedicels 18 lines long; the ovary of equal length: sepals ovate, acuminate, mi- nutely cuspidate, 8-9 lines in length; the upper one erect, scarcely at all galeate; lateral petals 2-cleft to the base, the segments linear, acute, the upper broader, not equalling the sepals; the lower very narrow, more than an inch in length: lip 3-cleft nearly to the base, exceeding an inch in length; the segments all nar- row and linear, the lateral somewhat surpassing the thickish, scarcely acute central one: fleshy processes very conspicuous, linear-spatulate, 3-4 lines in length: spur over 5 inches long, exceeding the ovary and pedicel, its tip sheathed in the bracts and apparently adherent to them.—Near Guadalajara, June, 1891 (n. 3823). This striking species is related to H. macroce- ratitis, Willd., and HZ. setifera, Lindl., but differs from the former in its much longer narrower leaves, larger flowers, and conspic- uous fleshy appendages; from the latter, by its larger more nume- rous flowers, and in the shape of its petals.” Robinson, doc. cit. This is a very distinct species which should not be confused with HZ. macroceratitis. Krinzlin, in Orchidacearum Genera et Species 1: 188, recognized it as distinct, but on page 192 referred [ 220 ] ORCHIDACE it to the synonymy of H. macroceratitis. This treatment is in- H. Pringlei comprehensible as the same specimen is cited by Kranzlin under both H. Pringlei and H. macroceratitis. If number 3823 of Pringle’s Mexican collections is a mixture, this fact is not men- tioned in Krianzlin’s work. As H. Pringlet is reduced to syno- nymy on page 192, it is presumable that Kranzlin reversed his conclusions, indicated on page 188, in subsequent examinations of material (cf. p. 887 Orch. Gen. et Sp.). The elongated, ensi- form leaves, broad divisions of the petals and labellum, shorter spur, and very characteristic inflorescence are only a few of the salient details which serve to distinguish H. Pringle: from HI, macroceratitis. MEXICO, Sawn Luts Porost Bogs, Las Canoas, August 7, 1891, C. G. Pringle (no. 3823) (1, 2, 3, 4, 7). Vera Cruz: In marsh, Coatzacoalcos, March, 1895, Charles L. Smith (no. 1049) (2, 3, 4, 22). Tasasco: In paludosis prope urbem Sancti Joannis Baptiste, April 5, 1889, J. M. Rovirosa (no. 439) (16). 42. H. bicornis Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 309 (1835); A. Rich., H. bicornis in Sagra Fl. Cub. 2: 249 (1850); Gviseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 270 (1866); Sawv., Fl. Cub. 233 (1873); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 61 (1893); Combs, in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 468 (1897); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 187 (1897); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 301 (1909).—H. bidentata Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Spec. 1: 188 (1897), not Poeppig MSS. “13. HaBenartia bicornis. “H. foliis angusto-lanceolatis acuminatis, racemo denso stricto feré corymboso, bracteis ovario recto cylindraceo duplo breviori- bus, petalis bipartitis a galea plana liberis: lacinia anteriore sub- equali faleatim cornuta, labelli tripartiti carnosi laciniis spatu- [ 221 ] ORCHIDACEH H. bicornis latis subequalibus sepalorum longitudine, calcare longissimo Hi. macro- ceratitis inflexo apice compresso. “Hab. in Cuba, Péppig. (exam. s. sp. in hb. Hooker.) “Caulis 14 ped. laxé foliosus. Ovarium 1{ poll. longum. Calcar multd longius. Sep. lat. 4 1. longa, supremo subrotundo obtuso dupld majora. Anthera brevissima, horizontalis, basibus solutis brevissimis ascendentibus. Processus carnosi semioblongi, con- vexi, paralleli, papillosi.” Lindl. doc. cit. CUBA, Santa Ciara Dist. Cienfuegos, Cienguita S. W., August 7, 1895, Combs (no. 440) (3, 4); in wet grassland and open woodland, September 3, 1895, Combs (no. 755) (3). Pinar DEL Rio: Herradura, August 26, 1905, Van Hermann (no. 753) (1). 43. H. macroceratitis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 44 (1805); Reichb. f., in Bonpl. 4: 210 (1856); Griseb., F). Br. W. Ind, 643 (1864), Cat. Pl. Cub. 270 (1866); Reichb. f:, Beitr. Orch. Cent. Am. 102(1866); Sawv., Fl. Cub. 233 (1873); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 63 (1893); Cogn., in Mart. Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 4, 35 (1893); Chapm., Fl. S. U.S. ed. 8, 488 (1897); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 192 (1897), excl. syn. HI. Pringlei; Small, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 27 : 275(1900); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 299 (1909). Satyrium erectum, foliis oblongis, petiolis vaginatis amplexantibus, spica terminali, nectariis longissimis, Browne, Jam. 324 (1756). Orchis habenaria Z., in Amoen. Acad. 5: 408(1760), Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 1331 (1763), Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1242 (1759); Sw., Obs. Bot. 319, t. 9 (1791); Poir., in Lam. Encye. 4: 595 (1797), excl. Fl. Dan. t. 235; Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 206 (1800), Fl. Ind. Occ. 3: 1898, 1991 (1806); Pers., Syn. 2: 502 (1807); Martyn, in [ 222 ] ORCHIDACE/ Mill. Dict. ed. 9, 2: no. 15 (1807), not O. habenaria Walt. Fl. H. macro- Carol. (which is H. lacera). ceratitis Habenaria macroceras Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826); Hook., in Curt. Bot. Mag. t. 2947 (1829); Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 808 (1835); Paat., Mag. 2: 183 (1836); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2,1:717 (1841); 4. Rich., in Sagra Fl. Cub. 2: 249 (1850). Nemuranthes Habenaria Fa/., Fl. Tellur. 2: 62 (1836). Habenaria Habenaria Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 316 (1908). “98. ORCHIS habenaria. Caulis pedalis. Folia ovato-ob- longa, 10 vel ultra, sensim minora. Bractee ovate, acuminate, germinibus breviores. Germina pollicaria. Petala 3 superiora conniventia, subcrenata; lateralia 2 ovato-oblonga, patula. La- bium tripartitum: intermedia lineari, petalis paulo longiore; la- teralibus duplo longioribus. Cornu filiforme, dependens, petalis 10-plo longius.” L., Amoen. Acad. loc. cit. The specimen in the Linnean Herbarium is in an excellent state of preservation. Its origin is not indicated by notes of any kind. Walter’s Orchis habenaria is conspecific with H. lacera. FLORIDA, Sumter Country September 7, 1893, F. L. Lewton (4). Cirrus Co.: August, 1898, J. A. Tait (2). OrancE Co.: Oviedo, September, 1902, 7’. L. Mead (1). CUBA 1860-4, C. Wright (no. 3308) (3, 4, 21). Pinar DEL Rio: Herradura, September 7, 1905, Van Hermann (no. 824) (1). JAMAICA 1858, Mr. March (no. 1266) (3). MEXICO Pavon (19). Oaxaca: Mt. Alban, 5500 ft., August 15, 1894, C. G. Pringle (no. 5708) (3, 7); dry hills, valley of Oaxaca, alt. 5100-5800 ft., September 8, 1894, E. W. Nelson (no. 1246) (3).—FEl Fortin, 1700 m., September 19, 1897, C. Conzatti & G. Gonzales (no. 473) (1, 3). [ 223 | H. macro- ceratites H. macro- ceratitis var. brevicalca- rata H. luceca- pensis ORCHIDACEH Jatisco: Road from San Juan Capistrano, August 23, 1897, J. N. Rose (no. 2509) (2). Reported as follows: JAMAICA Swartz ; Bancroft; March (no. 1266); Wullschlaegel (no. 1050). GUATEMALA At San Sebastian near Retalhuleu, Bernouilli & Cairo (no. 679). COSTA RICA Hoffman. BRITISH GUIANA Parker, Mt. Cunuca; Appun (no, 1443). SURINAM Anderson; Berthoud-Coulon (no. 77). H. macroceratitis var. brevicalcarata Ames, in J. D. Smith Enum. Pl. Guat. pt. 7, 51 (1905), nomen. This is a peculiar plant which resembles H. macroceratitis. The leaves are oblong-lanceolate, acute, 1.5 dm. long, 2.7-3.5 cm. wide. The spurs are about 8 cm. long, slender, gradually thick- ened toward the tip. The filiform, lateral divisions of the label- lum are rolled inwards, or somewhat coiled and twice longer than the intermediate, linear division. My material consists of a single specimen. GUATEMALA, Sototdé San Lucas Toliman, alt. 1800 m., February, 1894, Heyde & Lux, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 6383) (1). 44. H. luceecapensis Fernald, in Zoe 4: 879 (1893-4). “A foot and a half high, leafy; principal root tuber-like, an inch long, with numerous accessory fibers from the summit: leaves thin, broadly elliptical, obtusish, four inches long, half as broad, rather abruptly narrowed to a sheathing base; the lowest smaller, orbicular; the upper reduced to lanceolate acuminate bracts, an [ 224 ] ORCHIDACEA inch in length; raceme six inches long, 8-10-flowered: upper Hi. luceeca- sepal ovate-elliptic, obtusish, four lines long: petals deeply two- pensis parted, upper segment linear, falcate, obtuse, dilated at the base, ascending, nearly equalling the sepals; lower segment filiform, about an inch in length; labellum three-parted to the base; the outer segments about fifteen lines long; the middle one linear obtuse, a third to a half as long; spur clavate, free, 14-17 lines in length: ovary angled and obsoletely winged, about equalling the bracts; the two appendages of the stigma deeply bifid; the segments linear, spreading laterally, and curved ascending, re- tuse. Collected on mountains of the Cape Region of Lower Cali- fornia, by T. S. Brandegee, September 16, 1893. ‘A stout species resembling in habit H. Michauxii, Nutt., of the southern states, but differing in its broader leaves, longer segments of petal and lip, and shorter more clavate spur.” Fer- nald, doc. cit. MEXICO, Lower Ca.irornia Cape Region mountains, September 16, 1893, 7. S. Brandegee (3), (type). 45. H. quinqueseta (Michx.) Sw., Adnot. Bot. 46 (1829); Eaton & Wr., N. A. Bot. ed. 8, 260 (1840); Mohr, Pl. Life Ala. 455 (1901); Small, Fl. Se. U. S. 315 (1908). Orchis quinqueseta Michz., Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 155 (1808); Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 506 (1807); Pursh, Fl. 2: 586 (1814); Raf., Neogenyton 4 (1825). Not O. quinqueseta Green Cat. N. Y. 120 (1814). Habenaria Michauxii Nutt., Gen. 2: 189 (1818); Eihott, Sketch 2: 489 (1824); Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 309 (1835); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 717 (1841), excl. syn. Kunth; Chapm., FI. S. U.S. ed. 1, 461 (1860), ed. 2, 461 (1884), ed. 3, 487 (1897); [ 225 ] HI, quinque- seta ORCHIDACEA PriateE 71. Habenaria quinqueseta Plant, natural size, drawn from a living spe- cimen collected in Florida, by A. A. Eaton. 1. Column and labellum, showing the anthers above and the rounded stigmatic processes be- low in front of the opening to the spur. 2. Petal. 3. Lateral sepal. 4. Upper sepal. All of the parts drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. (The basal leaves are not shown.) [ 226 J ATAAVU AGAH HABE NARIA gum eseta Lee, ete oro pT NR , 2 7 ee Ne hg ‘ 2 =) ) i ‘. | ‘ if im | SAL. r pies) | oe” a ae _ <—_e Ta)! } vi Pie . , / ier’) Good we ry ‘ a) Oe a fhe sat : tf Mk Nak Gr Sd a OMe A a eg = ae i * Tatr . a ORCHIDACEA Darby, Bot. S. St. 527 (1866); Krédnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. H. quinque- 16: 184 (1898), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 317 (1898), 896 (1901), 5¢44 excl. syn. H. Garberi; Gattinger, F\. Tenn. 62 (1901); Ames, Orch. FI. Fla. 8, 11, t. 1 (1904).—H. latifolia Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826) in part, not Kunth. Mesicera quinqueseta Ra/:, Neogenyton 4 (1825).—M. Michauxii Raf:, Fl. Tellur. 2: 39 (1836). Platanthera Michauxii Wood, Class-book 685 (1861). Orchis Michauxii Wood, Am. Bot. & Flor. 328 (1871). “ QUINQUESETA. QO. foliis ovalibus, acutis: spica floribus distan- ter alternis; bracteis acuminatis: cornu dupla ovarii longitudine, subbiunciali: labello in quinque lacinias setaceas partito. “Obs. Affinis O. habenarie. “ Hab. in Carolina.” Michx. loc. cit. The type of H. quinqueseta is preserved in Michaux’s Herba- rium in the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. No notes re- garding its habitat are given. SOUTH CAROLINA, Beaurorr County In sandy soil, Bluffton, September, 1872, Dr. J. H. Mellichamp (4); Sep- tember, 1880, Mellichamp (16); 1883, Mellichamp (3, 5). FLORIDA 1889, J. H. Simpson (10); 4. W. Chapman (8). Watton Co.: Wet pine lands, Crest View, August 21, 1899 (no. 4032) (5). Catnoun Co.: Very rare, Wewahitchka, Chapman (4). Suwannee Co.: Grassy pine lands, Liveoak, September, 1900 (no. 4032 b) (5). Lake Co.: Eustis, Hb. Chapman (5). Hittssoro Co.: 1886, 4. H. Curtiss (3). Manatee Co.: Rich dry hammock woods east of Manatee, August 23, 1890, Simpson (no. 125) (2), (type of H. Stmpsoniz). Lre Co.: Caloosa River, August, 1878, 4. P. Garber (no. 37) (2, 3, 4, 7, 16).—Flat woods, Myers, July and August, 1900, 4. S. Hitchcock H. quinque- seta EZ. oreophila ORCHIDACE Dave Co.: Crevices of lime-rock, pine woods south of Cutler, Novem- ber 11-13, 1903, 4. 4A. Eaton (1).—Dry sandy soil, in sun, back of Miami, November 21, 1903, Eaton (1). ALABAMA, Tuscatoosa County Plank road, twenty miles from Tuscaloosa, August 2, 1878, E. A. Smith (12). TEXAS Wright (3). 46. H. oreophila Greenm., in Proc. Am. Acad. 39:76 (1903). “ Habenaria oreophila. Glabrous throughout: stem erect, leafy, 7 to 8 dm. high: leaves oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 dm. long, 3 to 3.5 cm. broad, apiculate-acute, entire, membranous; the lowermost leaves reduced to mere sheaths, the uppermost grad- ually smaller:inflorescence a terminal elongated loose 2 to 3 dm. long raceme; bracts subfoliaceous, lanceolate-acuminate, about equalling the ovary: upper sepal ovate, cucullate, 8 mm. long, 3-nerved; lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, slightly oblique, ob- tuse, 3-nerved: lateral petals deeply 2-parted; the upper division lanceolate, upwardly arched, shorter than and coherent with the upper sepal; lower division bent downward, linear-attenuate and somewhat coiled at the tip: labellum deeply 3-parted; the middie lobe ligulate, slightly thickened, 11 to 13 mm. long, ob- tuse ; lateral divisions linear-attenuate, 2.5 cm. long, more or less spirally coiled at the free ends: spur clavate, free, 4 to 4.5 cm. long: column bearing fleshy oblong appendages at the base: ovary narrowly winged.— Mexico. State of Guerrero: moun- tains near Iguala, 15 September, 1900, C. G. Pringle, no. 9248 (hb. Gr.). “The affinity of this species is with Habenaria jaliscana, Watson, and H. lucecapensis, Fernald. From the former it is readily distinguished by the height, the longer leaves, the longer [ 228 ] ORCHIDACEE spur, and by the entire absence of the falcate character of the H. oreophila lateral divisions of the labellum; and from the latter it differs in having much longer and narrower leaves.” Greenman, loc. cit. MEXICO, GurrreEro Mountains near Iguala, September 15, 1900, C. G. Pringle (no. 9248) (3). 47. H. monorrhiza (Sw.) R. Br., Prodr. 312 (1810); Reichb.f., H. monor- in Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell. 3: 274 (1885); Kuntze, Rev. Gen. rhiza Pl. pt. 2, 664 (1891); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 183 (1893) as to syn. and distr. in part, Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 390 (1898), excl. deser., syn. in part, and distr. in part; Urban, in Symb. Antill. 4: 163 (1908). Satyrium erectum simplex, foliis sessilibus ab altero latere recurrentibus, spica terminali, nectariis longissi- mis Browne, Jam. 324 (1756).1 Orchis setacea Jacg., Enum. Pl. Carib. 28 (1760), Sel. Stirp. Am. 220 (1763), nomen prior; not Habenaria setacea Lindl.—O. monorrhiza Sw., Prodr. 118 (1788) in part; Poir., in Lam. Encye. 4: 601 (1797); Sw., in Act. Holm. 21: 206 (1800), Gen. et Sp. Orch. (Schrader’s Neues Journ. 1) 8 (1805); in Fl. Ind. Oce. 3: 1391, 1991 (1806); Pers., Syn. 2: 508 (1807). Habenaria brachyceratitis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 44 (1805); Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. pt. 2, 664 (1891). Not HZ. brachyceratitis Lindl. (which is H. alata Hook.).— H. brachyceras Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692 (1826); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 716 (1841). Not H. brachyceras Lindl.—H. speciosa Poepp. & Endl., Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 1: 44, t. 76 (1835).—H. maculosa Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 309 (1835), in Benth. Pl. Hartw. 155 (1845); Reichb. f., in Bonpl. 2:10 (1854), 4: 210 (1856); Griseb., Veg. Karaib. 1318 (1857), Fl. Br. W. Ind. 643 (1864), Cat. Pl. Cub. 270 1The description of the spur suggests H. macroceratitis. [ 229 ] ORCHIDACEA H. monor- (1866); Sauv., Fl. Cub. 233 (1873); Linden, in Il. Hort. 29: 52 rhiza (1882); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 129 (1893); Cogn., in Mart. Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 4, 88 (1893); Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. pt. 3, 299 (1893); Hitchcock, Fl. Baham. in Mo. Bot. Gard. Rep. 4: 1338 (1893); Schltr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 539 (1899); Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 809 (1898); Urban, in Symb. Antill. 4: 163 (1903); Ames, in Smith Enum. Pl. Guat. pt. 7, 51 (1905); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 304 (1909). “Q. bulbo solitari indiviso, nectarii labio 3-partito: lateralibus setaceis, cornu lineari compresso germinis longitudine. “Orchis setacea? Jacg. am. 220. “Satyrium. I. Brown. jam. 324. “Jamaica, Hispaniola. 2.” Sw. loc. cit. I have been unable to discover the type material of Habe- naria monorrhiza. In the British Museum, where many of Swartz’s specimens are preserved, I found nothing to throw light upon it. Lindley regarded H. maculosa distinct from H. monor- rhiza, but, in my estimation, on insufficient evidence. Several authors have regarded HZ. monorrhiza Br. and H. alata Hook. conspecific. Reichenbach, however, indentified as H. monorrhiza specimens collected in Porto Rico by Sintenis, which are iden- tical with HZ. maculosa. He also referred H. maculosa to the synonymy of H. monorrhiza, thereby upholding the views which are entertained in the present volume. Lindley laid stress on the fact that Swartz described a flower which was characterized by simple, undivided petals, but the extreme delicacy of the anterior segment of the petals of H. monorrhiza, which renders them easily breakable, he failed to take into account. Further- more Swartz described the labellum of his flowers as three-parted with the lateral division setaceous, a characterization hardly ap- plicable to H. alata. There is no Jamaican Habenaria of which [ 230 ] ORCHIDACEA I have any knowledge that is characterized by a three-parted HZ. monor- labellum and simple petals; therefore, unless it is assumed that rhixa Swartz overlooked the filamentous anterior division of the petals in the specimen he described as Orchis monorriiza, there is no species known to us which fits his description. In arecent publication on Jamaican orchids Fawcett & Rendle compare HZ. socialis with H. alata Hook., and apparently sustain the views held by Reichenbach. Cogniaux, on the other hand, in Urban’s Symbole Antillane, gives H. alata Hook. as a synonym of H. monorrhiza Br., and refers to H. maculosa the species which is here identified with H. monorrhiza. Unfortunately Cogniaux does not discuss the matter and in his citation of specimens makes no allusion to Swartz’s type. GUATEMALA, Atta Verapaz Bl. weiss, Cubilquitz, 350 m., January, 1902, H. von Tiirckheim, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 8299) (1).—Coban, 1300 m., November, 1902, T'iirck- heim. Smith distr. (no. 8459) (1). CUBA Wright (no. 3308) (19).—In Cuba Orientali, 1856-7, C. Wright (no. 625) (3), 1860, Wright (no. 625) (4).— Prope monte verde, January—July, 1859, Wright (no. 625) (3). Sanriaco DE Cusa: Slopes of El] Yunque near Baracoa, 1000-2000 ft., January 30-31, 1902, C. L. Pollard & W. Palmer (2, 3). PORTO RICO Maricao in declivibus, November, 1884, Sintenis (no. 511) (3, 16), det. Reichb. f.— Prope Adjuntas in Monte Cedro, locis graminosis, March 25, 1886, Sintenis (no. 3995) (2, 3), det. as H. eustachya by Cogniauxr.— Prope Garcs, January, 1887, Sintenis (no. 5838 b) (2, 3), det. as H. macu- losa by Urban.—Beatriz de Cognas, November 16, 1899, Goll, Cook & Collins (2).—Inebrada Ariba, Guayama road, November 17, 1899, Goll, Cook & Collins (no. 495) (2).—Bayamon, alt. 75 ft., January 11, 1899, Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Heller (no. 89) (2).—On the Adjuntas road, eight miles from Ponce, November 27, 1902, 4. 4. Heller (no. 6133) (3).— [ 231 ] H. monor- rhiza ORCHIDACEA Hillsides between Ponce and Utuado, March 12, 1906, John F. Cowell (no. 762). JAMAICA Mr. March (no. 1273) (3).— Port Antonio, December 23, 1890, 4. S. Hitchcock (4).—Two miles west of Port Antonio, February 2, 1906, A. E. Wight (1).—Blue Mt. Peak, December 13, 1890, Hitchcock (4). ST. THOMAS Siqualbjagos (?) (1400 ft.), Grosmark, February, 1877, Eggers (3); 1880, Eggers (no. 253) (3, 16). GRENADA 1905, R. Cameron (1).—St. Andrew’s Parish, January, 1906, W. E. Broadway (1). TRINIDAD Ex Hb. Bernhardi, Sieber (no. 202) (4).—In clayey soil among grass in partial shade, St. Francis Valley Road, Belmont, December 22, 1906, W. E. Broadway (1). VENEZUELA Prope coloniam Tovar, Caracas, 1856-7, Fendler (no. 1419) (3). PERU In pratis Paccha, Hartweg (no. 842) (19). Reported as follows: JAMAICA Swartz (type); Wullschlaegel (nos. 1017 & 1049); Wilson (no. 160).— At Dover Castle, 700 m., Eggers (no. 3775). PORTO RICO Stahl (no. 285). DOMINICA Imray (no. 304).—Jn pratis ad Rosehill, Eggers (no. 932). ST. VINCENT Guilding; Anderson. GUADELOUPE In pratis humidis, Duchassaing. MARTINIQUE In woods, Hahn (no. 89). [ 232 ] ORCHIDACEA ST. LUCIA H. monor- Crudy. rhiza TRINIDAD Fendler (no. '753).— Maraval ; Crueger (no. 238). VENEZUELA Wagener.— Merida, Engel. COLOMBIA Linden (no. 706), fide Ill. Hort. 29: 52.—Rio Sucre, 2300 m., Lehmann. ECUADOR In arena fluvii pastusa prope Baiios, Spruce (no. 5219). PERU Prope Tarapota, Spruce (no. 4159). — Cassapi ; Mathews (no. 1884).— Cha- chapoyas, Mathews (no. 3195).— Poeppig. BRAZIL Pohl.— At Owayas, Gardner (no. 3989). 48. H. crassicornis Lind/., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 811 (1835); H. crassi- Reichb. f., in Linnea 18: 407 (1844); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: cornis 305 (1884); Krdnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 132 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 314 (1898).—H. adenantha Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 28 (1845). “22. HABENARIA crassicornis. “H. foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis, racemo multifloro, brac- teis foliaceis acuminatis ovarii longitudine, petalis bipartitis: la- ciniis lateralibus setaceis ascendentibus, labelli tripartiti laciniis linearibus acutis intermedia paulo breviore, sepalis lateralibus explanatis acutissimis, calcare recurvo compresso valdé clavato. “Hab. in Meaico, de Karwinski. (exam. s. sp. in hb. Reg. Monac.) “Vix pedalis. Folia sensim in bracteis decrescentia. Flores me- diocres. Sepalum supr. cum pet. galeatum. Processus carnosi magni convexi glabri.” Lindl. doc. cit. [ 233 ] H. crassi- cornis ORCHIDACEA “97, H. adenantha Nob. Subglandulosa: foliis elliptico-lance- olatis ; flor. viridibus glandulosis, sepalis internis lanceolatis, ap- pendice lineari angustissimo: labelli lobis linearibus glandulosis; calcare inflato ovarii longitudine.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. Galeotti’s type (no. 5051) is represented at Paris by a single individual, a drawing by Richard of a plant, ‘“‘no. 83, Juguila 4 6500 ft.,” and a drawing of a flower and details. The plant is a very characteristic one of H. crassicornis, the thick semi-oblong apex of the spur ascending from a very slender basal portion, giving the whole flower the appearance of an ichneumon fly, the setaceous divisions of the perianth bearing a striking resem- blance to the legs, the lateral sepals to the wings, the dorsal sepal to the thorax and head, and the spur to the abdomen. (A. A. E.) H. crassicornis is very clearly distinguished from nearly re- lated species by the minutely glandulose or denticulate petals and lip. The ovary is also glandulose along the angles or wings. In the drawing at Paris this denticulate character is clearly ex- hibited, although in the original diagnosis of H. crassicornis no reference to it is made by Lindley. In all the specimens of H. crassicornis I have examined this denticulate or glandulose character is evident, but I did not look for it in Lindley’s specimen,—at least I made no note relating to it. Lindley’s sketch which accompanies the type exhibits a perfectly smooth flower, as figure 2, plate 72 shows. In all other respects this sketch suggests the flowers of H. adenantha Rich. & Gal. Dr. Prain, in a communication received December 17, 1909, assures me “that the flowers of Habenaria crassicornis are, in Lindley’s original specimen, covered with little rough points.” This observation disposes of uncertainty. Dr. Kranzlin disregards H.adenantha in Orchidacearum Genera et Species, and in his account of H. crassicornis makes [ 234 ] vy gs Da tt ray dal rei Miah 4 oa inca a | ae i) bins Ws Ki ai: aH 4 ‘th a = vs sa Wis 4 ny LW, en he me a ; pica ny) wt he , | ¥ ces sat ng twp cone be ih sue nlh , He wipe i aida rn OP ee Bs na wh + He * ‘didagiti nN fa \ wh otvahy sh wn, nen te i bu ‘ 7 alae apie noe i : mn : a te ™ a ale wy te Hf z iy mes aia wn Sony a lat be m be bi iy iho (iivarart i i ait seit ae Nae \ ys 2h he Fag + me "Sena aronms heme) Oy Waite | Oe er torte Man hint ae if owe ei ; | : rh uy oY 1 ate % a iil 2 ke ‘ Wie. 1 *" ash ; MH vy ‘ } ah essa et ay had is th ony i i if "aie Liat Poss me reo ] . i : ih ti Y ile? hie * 1) y A Loot crasslcornwus HABENARIA Lx ORCHIDACE# Pirate 72. Habenaria crassicornis Plant, etched from a photograph of the draw- ing by Richard preserved in the Muséum d’His- toire Naturelle de Paris (type of H. adenantha Rich, & Gal.). 1. Copies from a photograph of Richard’s drawing of a flower, column and label- lum. 2. Flower, according to a sketch in Lindley’s herbarium. 3. Flower, from the Brandegee speci- men collected in Lower California. [ 235 ] ORCHIDACEE H. crassi- no mention of the glandulose protuberances on the labellum cornis and petals. MEXICO Fl. viridi, Mineral del Monte, Mexico, Schiede, Hb. Lindl. (20). Lower Catirornta: Cape Region, October, 1893, 7’. S. Brandegee (3); September, 1899, Brandegee (1). Jauisco: Cool soil under pines and oaks, hills near Guadalajara, Septem- ber 1, 1893, Pringle (no. 4511) (2, 3, 4, 7). Moretos: Near El Parque, September 21, 1903, J. N. Rose & Jos. H. Painter (no. 7272) (2). Oaxaca: Fl. blanc verdatre, bois pres la céte du sud, 6500 ft., Cordillera, September, 1840, H. Galeotti (no. 5051) (21), (type of H. adenantha Rich. & Gal.).—Cerro de San Felipe, 2500 m., September 12, 1897, Conzatti & Gonzales (no. 457) (3). Reported as follows: MEXICO In Hb. Schlechtendahl, Letbold (no. 5). H. Schaff- 49. H. Schaffneri Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 23: 283 (1888) ; ner Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16; 135 (18938), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 818 (1898). “HIABENARIA SCHAFFNERI. Stem stout, 8 inches high, cov- ered with imbricated ovate or ovate-lanceolate sheathing, acute or acuminate leaves 1 to 14 inches long: bracts large, foliaceous, much exceeding the ovary; raceme short, few- (6-8-) flow- ered: flowers large, 5 or 6 lines long; lower sepals lanceolate, acutish, the upper broadly elliptical, obtuse, carinate; petals 2-parted, the lower segments very narrow, the upper oblong- falcate, contiguous or subcoherent to the sepal; lip 3-lobed above the base, 5 lines long, the middle lobe narrowly ligulate, the lateral narrowly linear; spur an inch long or more, dilated toward the end and very acuminate: oblong processes of the stigma and beaks of the anther 14 lines long.—In the [ 236 ] ORCHIDACEA San Miguelito Mountains (5088 Schaffner, 1876) and near San Luis Potosi (860 Parry and Palmer, 1878); under pines in the Sierra Madre, Chihuahua (1375a Pringle, Sept., 1887).” Wats. loc. cit. The type specimen of H. Schaffneri in the Gray Herbarium is in an excellent state of preservation. In general habit it has the appearance of a robust form of H. clypeata. Lateral sepals about 1 cm. long. Upper sepal 1 cm. long, galeate, about 6 mm. wide. Petals: posterior division 1 cm. long; anterior division slightly longer, slender, erect. Labellum three-lobed, lateral lobes subfiliform, arising about 5 mm. from the opening to the spur, about 11 mm. long, middle lobe fleshy, linear-oblong, about 7 mm. long from the point of origin of the lateral lobes to the tip. The spur resembles that of H. crassicornis. MEXICO, Cuinuanva Cool, damp soil under pines, Sierra Madre, September 16, 1887, Pringle (no. 1375a) (2, 3, 7, 16), all past anthesis; September, 1888, Pringle (no. 1678) (4). San Luts Porost: Jn montibus San Miguelito, 1876, Dr. J. G. Schaffner (3, 16) (type). — Region of San Luis Potosi, 6000-8000 ft. alt., 1878, Parry & Palmer (no. 860) (2, 3, 16), past anthesis. 50. H. lactiflora Rich. & Gal.,in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 8,3 :28 (1845); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884), excl. spec.; Tonduz, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 10 (1895). Not H. lactiflora Krinzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 124 (1893), nor Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 296 (1898), as to reference to Reichb. f—H. clypeata Reichb. f., in Linnea 28: 381 (1856) as syn. “98. H. lactiflora Nob. tab. 39.1 Foliis ellipticis acutis; flor. albis, sepalo superiori dorso cristato, sepalis internis lanceolatis: 1These tables were never published. The drawings are inserted with the specimens at the Paris Museum. (A. A. E.) [ 237 ] H. Schaff- ner H., lactiflora ORCHIDACEZ H. lactiflora \abelli lobis lateralibus versus mediam partem enatis linearibus, H. lactiflora var. buccalis intermedio ovali, oblongo, obtuso.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. No type of H. Jactiflora is designated, and it is clear that Richard referred specimens of HZ. diffusa and H. clypeata to it, as may be seen by specimens at Paris. (Richard’s drawing is of H. clypeata?) Certainly Galeotti no. 5218 is not the type, as it has a question mark after it; yet its aspect is more like what must be held as H. dactiflora. There is a drawing in the Lindley Herbarium that shows a flower very much like Heyde & Lux no. 3858 (which I refer to var. buccalis Reichb. f.). This species may be distinguished readily from H. clypeata, which it closely resembles, by the lateral arms arising from near the middle of the lip and the oblong mid-lobe. Lindley’s drawing shows these characters perfectly. (A. A. E.) MEXICO, Saw Luts Porost Hills, Las Canoas, 3500 ft., August 21, 1891, Pringle (no. 5027) (3, 7). Oaxaca: Fil. blanches en aoit, bois de chénes a 2000, November—April, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5151) (21), (type?). H. lactiflora var. buccalis Reichb. f., in Beitr. Orch. Cent. Am. 61 (1866); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 8: 805 (1884); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 124 (1893); Zonduz, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 3: 10 (1895). “1. Habenaria lactiflora A. Rich. & Gal. Ann. Se. nat. 1845, pag. 28, No. 98 var. buccalis: stigmatis cruribus majuscullis, optime retusis. “«*Bliithen hellgriin. Lippe weiss.’ “ Aladhuela-Desengafio. 4. 8. 57.” Reichb. f. doc. cit. The status of H. lactiflora Rich. & Gal. in this monograph is based on Eaton’s notes made at Paris in November, 1905. In order to make these notes as clear as possible the accompany- ing plate has been prepared 7 represent the drawing by Richard, 238 | Hy a oN fe io ii oe Hk | Bia mi Hi Ni ig i) i ve. Oe AY fidateol wi iat won ‘i el age , , ehh ‘il 4 oe. f eo a ak ay iar oe: sin mi Tae : ts , eee vi cere ry 5 nt ie ste wah alee peers ‘ avi it ‘, es We sy ia) i \ ' ; j Fs Y | ' ‘ i cht ‘nee ; aoe at ha msi) = Me a ¢ Became sate so a i.) Ne = A > So Sie = —=<_. Vn itillprn SK hs Gal ORCHIDACE Piate 73. Habenaria lactiflora I. Plant, etched from a photograph of Richard’s drawing preserved in the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. 1. Flower, copied from a tracing of a flower in Lindley’s herbarium. 2. Flower, enlarged, drawn from the Heyde & Lux specimen in Hb. Ames. 3. Petal. Figs. 2 and 3 drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 239 ] H. lactiflora var. buccalis H. clypeata ORCHIDACE the sketch in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew, and a flower taken from the plant collected by Heyde & Lux, which Eaton referred to var. buccals. Great caution should be observed in considering the char- acters of the labellum. The origin of the lateral arms follows no definite rule, and is more likely to cause confusion, if relied on, than to assist in specific distinction. In my opinion H. lactiflora and H. clypeata are very closely allied, and will be found to offer no satisfactory characters on which to establish two distinct species. The position of the var. buccalis, on the other hand, is not clear. More material than I have seen and a thorough study of types are necessary to establish certainty regarding H. clypeata and its allies. GUATEMALA, Santa Rosa Cerro Gordo, August, 1892, Heyde & Lux, J. D.Smith distr. (no. 3858) (1). I refer this here on account of its green color, prominent stigmas, and its native locality. (A. A. E.) 51. H. clypeata Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 311 (1835), in Benth. Pl. Hartw. 52, 53 (1840); Reichb. f;, in Linnea 18: 407 (1844), 28: 381 (1856), excl. syn., in Bonpl. 4: 210 (1856) ; Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884), excl. Galeotti no. 5151; Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 131 (1893) in part, Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898) in part; Schi/tr.,in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 589 (1899); Ames, in Smith Enum. Pl. Guat. pt. 7, 51 (1905).— H. lacti- flora Reichb. f., in Linnea 28 : 381 (1856) as syn., not 4. Rich.— ?H. flexuosa Reichb. f., loc. cit., as to syn., not Lindl. ; Krdanzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 131 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 251 (1897).—H. guadalajarana Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 318 [ 240 ] ORCHIDACE (1898) in part, not Wats.—H. filifera Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et H. clypeata Sp. 1: 313 (1898), in syn., not Wats.—H. jaliscana Kranzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898), in syn., not Wats. “24, HaBENARIA Clypeata. “‘H., foliis parvis ovatis cuspidatis sensim decrescentibus, ra- cemo multifloro, bracteis foliaceis cucullatis acuminatis ovario brevioribus, petalis bipartitis: laciniis anterioribus linearibus horizontalibus posticis cum sepalo supremo rotundato galeam orbiculatam planam efficientibus, labelli penduli tripartiti lacinia intermedia lineari-lanceolata lateralibus linearibus paulo lon- giore, calcare compresso ovarii longitudine. “Hab. in Meaico, de Karwinski. (exam. s. sp. in hb. Reg. Monac.) “‘Caulis pedalis. Racemus oblongus, multiflorus. Galea orbicu- lata plana facie omnino peculiari hance speciem induit.” Lindl. loc. cit. There is no type specimen of this in Lindley’s herbarium, but it is quite probable that sketches of a plant, flower, and petal therein contained were made from Karwinski’s material, which should be in the royal herbarium at Monaco. That these sketches were from this source is the more likely as similar sketches represent the other species founded on Karwinski’s collection. If this view is correct, these sketches prove that the general conception of H. clypeata held by authors is the correct one. It is represented by a mixture of two or three species in the her- baria of Kew, the British Museum, and the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Perhaps the most closely related species is H. lactiflora Rich., which may be distinguished by the lateral divisions of the broader labellum that arise from near its middle and reach beyond the mid-lobe. In H. clypeata the lateral lobes arise from near the base of the middle lobe which they scarcely [ 241 ] Hi. clypeata Hi. entom- antha ORCHIDACEE equal in length. Dr. Kranzlin refers HZ. yaliscana Wats. and H guadalajarana Wats. to H. clypeata. It is highly probable that he would have refrained from doing so had he studied the type specimens of H. jaliscana and H. guadalajarana. Dr. Krinzlin also refers H. flexuosa Lindl. to H. clypeata. His rea- sons for adopting this course are not given in detail. MEXICO, Curnuanva In the Sierra Madre near Colonia Garcia, 8000 ft., July 31, 1899, C. H. Townsend & C. H. Barber (no. 195) (2, 4). Lower Ca.irornia: Cape Region Mts., September, 1893, 7. S. Brande- gee (3). Ja.isco: Flowers white, fragrant, mossy, grassy places near Guadalajara, August, 1893, Pringle (no. 4510) (2, 3, 4, '7).—Sierra Madre west of Bolanos, September 16, 1897, J. N. Rose (nos. 2970, 3712) (2). — Between Dolores and Santa Gertrudis, August 7, 1897, Rose (no. 2062) (2). Micuoac4n: In pastures, Angangueo, Hartweg (19, 20).— Fl. blanches, Cordillera a Uruapan a 4000, June—October, 1840, H. Galeotti (no. 5219) (21).—Hills near Patzcuaro, July 30, 1892, Pringle (no. 5361) (3). Fepera Distr.: Pedrigal, Valley of Mexico, September 1, 1896, Pringle (no. 7266) (2, 3, '7).—Cool soil, Eslava, 8000 ft., September 7, 1901, Pringle (no. 9358) (2, 3, 4,7). Vera Cruz: Région d’Orizaba, 16 aott, 1866, Hahn (no. 2872), Herb. Comm. sci. du Mex. (3, ex Hb. Mus. Par.). Also reported from GUATEMALA 52. H. entomantha (La Llave) Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 311 (1835); Reichb. f., in Bonpl. 4: 210 (1856); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884); Krdnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16 : 116 (1893),? * Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 286 (1898), (excl. sp. cit. ?). 1Kranzlin (in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. loc. cit.) cites several specimens from Mexico and Guate- mala, but he omits these and substitutes South American specimens in Orchidacearum Genera et Species. A study of the habital sketch and drawing of a flower made by Lindley, probably from Karwinski’s plant, and now preserved in Lindley’s herbarium at Kew, convinces me that this species is represented by H. filifera Wats. rather than by Fendler’s no. 1418 from Vene- [ 242 ] ORCHIDACEZ Orchis entomantha La Liave, Nov. Veg. Descr. 2: Orch. H. entom- Opuse. 8 (1825). antha Habenaria acutiflora A. Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 8, 3: 29 (1845).—H. filifera Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 26: 154 (1891); Schltr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 539 (1899). — H. clypeata Krénzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898) in part, not Lindl. “QO. Labello biglanduloso quinque partito; laciniis linearibus revolutis; caleare ovario longiore; foliis vaginantibus ovatis, quinque nerviis. «Planta terrestris, vix pedalis.— Bulbus solidus, subglobosus indivisus ; radicule filiformes.—Caulis simplex, angulatus, erec- tus.— Folia ovata, rugata, alterna, vaginantia, nerviis quinque longitudinalibus.—Spica florum laxa. Flores alterni, bracteis lanceolatis, carinatis involuti.— Perigonium lacteum, concavum, 5 fidum; tribus segmentis superioribus connatis ; duobus laterali- bus divergentibus acutis.—Labellum quinque-partitum, con- color, laciniis lineari-setaceis revolutis.—Gynostemum, capita- tum, conico ovatum, obscure bifidum. Anthera bilocularis supra excavata. Pollinis massulz due obovate, pedicellate, lutescentes. Stigma cavum, intra duos loculos anther hians.— Ovarium tri- quetrum, nonnihil contortum. Calcar sive Nectarium longissi- mum, filiforme, tubulatum, intra labellum et gynostemum excavatum duabus glandulis virescentibus versus faucem corni- culi prominentibus.—Capsula ut in congeneribus. “Habitat prope Vallisoletum ; floretque Julio et Augusto. “Obs. Orchidi 5 sete Michauat planta parum affinis ; charac- teribus plurimis sane diversa. L. zuela, mounted on the same sheet, and found also in other herbaria, determined by Lind- ley as H. entomantha. The Mexican and Venezuelan plants are of different species, and the name must attach to the Mexican plant. It is possible that H. mavzillaris Reichb. f. (not Lindl. ), Beitrdge zu einer Orchideenkunde Central Amerika’s 61, also belongs here. (A. A. E.) [ 243 ] ORCHIDACEA Prater 74 I. Habenaria entomantha. Flower and column etched from a photograph of the drawing by A. Richard of H. acutiflora Rich. & Gal. II. Habenaria jaliscana. Flower and column etched from a photograph of the drawing by A. Richard of H. alata Rich. & Gal. [ 244 ] HABE NARIA enlamienee a Lindl | HABENARIA ee | Wats. bbb: Beye) fe 0 er ’ Sala PR a ital : a hey Aiea tpi ve ; i F ; ? , aye mo SRAM ni f 4 Fy! 5 i } ~< ‘ : en if 2 } s Sat cama itt i ee aed y PA a said i z r AeA oe as > rims Tr a) < he, . ORCHIDACE “‘a, Orchis entomantha, floribus herbaceis.— Prope Vallsole- tum.” La Lave, loc. cit. (PLATE 74.) MEXICO Tracing of plant and drawing of flower, probably from Karwinski’s speci- men, in Herb. Lindl. (20).— Hartweg (no. 399) (in hb. 19 as H. clypeata). —Pringle, without label (4). Cuinuanua : Cool ridges of the Sierra Madre, October, 1887, Pringle (no. 1375 b) (3, 4, 7), (type of H. filifera Wats.). Jatisco: Cool soil under pines and oaks, hills near Guadalajara, Septem- ber 4, 1893, Pringle (no. 4509) (3, 7). Micnoacdn: Cool, wooded hillsides near Patzcuaro, October 10, 1892, Pringle (no. 5223) (1, 5). ?Cuiapas: Terre froide, croit dans les foréts de pins. Fleure dun blanc jaunatre. Fleurit en juillet, 1864-70, Dr. Ghiesbreght (no. 776) (3). Vera Cruz: Fl. blanches, Jesus del Monte, 7000 ft., 1840, Galeotti (no. 5212) (21). Also reported from GUATEMALA 53. H. jaliscana Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 455 (1887).— H. alata Rich. & Gal. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845), not Hook.—H. clypeata Krédnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898) in part. “HABENARIA JALISCANA. A foot high from a small tuberous root, stout and leafy: leaves lanceolate, or the lower ovate, acute, sheathing, 3 inches long or less: raceme short and open, with large foliaceous bracts: sepals ovate, acute, nearly equal (4 lines long),the lateral sub-falcate; petals 2-parted and the lip 3-parted, the divisions strongly falcate excepting the ligulate-spatulate obtuse middle lobe of the lip, its longer (6 lines) lateral lobes and the lower lobes of the petals approximate on each side, linear, acuminate, the upper petal-lobes contiguous to the upper sepal; spur narrowly clavate, 12 to 15 lines long: column with [ 245 ] H. entom- antha HI. jaliscana ORCHIDACE H. jaliscana fleshy oblong appendages at base, 13 lines long; stigmatic pro- cesses 14 lines long. Rio Blanco in moist bottoms; August. (343). —F lowers greenish yellow. This (as the following) may be some one of the species named by Richard & Galeotti, but their descrip- tions certainly do not apply to the specimens.” Wats. loc. cit. H. jaliscana resembles H. Schaffneri. In the mature flowers, however, the spur is much more slender than in H. Schaffneri and about 3 cm. long. The anterior divisions of the petals are unusually long, as is shown in the specimen from which Richard prepared his drawing of H. alata. Pringle’s no. 4508 as represented byspecimens in my herbarium agrees in almost every detail with the type of HZ. alata Rich. & Gal., preserved in the herbarium of the Muséum d'Histoire Na- turelle de Paris. Richard’s material is in excellent condition for comparative studies. The specimens collected by Galeotti at Mirador give the following measurements. Dorsal sepal about 6 mm. long, orbicular-oblong, acute. Lateral sepals 11 mm. long, 4.5 mm. wide. Petals: posterior division 8 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, falcate-linear; anterior division 13 mm. long. Middle lobe of the labellum 14 mm. long. Lateral lobes basal. (PLATE 74.) MEXICO, Duranco Near El Salto, July 12, 1898, HE. W. Nelson (no. 4575) (2).? - Saw Luis Porost: September, 1879, Schaffner (no. 508) (20). Jauisco: In moist bottoms, Rio Blanco, August, 1886, Dr. Edward Pal- mer (no. 342) (2), (no. 343) (3, 16), (type). — Among pines, hills near Gua- dalajara, 5500 ft., August 23, 1893, Pringle (no. 4508) (1, 2, 3, 4, 7).— In the Sierra Madre, west of Bolaiios, September 15-17, 1897, J. NV. Rose (no. 3006) (2). Vera Cruz: Linden (21).— Fl. blanches, Cordillera, Mirador, June—Octo- ber, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5264) (21), (type of H. alata Rich. & Gal.). Oaxaca: Ghiesbreght (21). 1In Nelson’s specimen no. 4575 the lateral divisions of the labellum arise 3 mm. from the base. [ 246 ] ORCHIDACE/E 54. H. diffusa Rich. & Gal.,in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3,3: 28 (1845); H. diffusa Reichb. f:, in Linnea 28: 381 (1856); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 182 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 315 (1898); Schitr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 539 (1899).—H. novemfida Lindl., in Benth. Pl. Hartw. 94 (1842); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884); Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 98 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 253 (1897).— H. lacti- flora Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884) as to specimen cited. “96. H. diffusa Nob. Foliis sessilibus elliptico-acutis; flor. viri- dibus, sepalis internis lanceolatis, appendice lineari ascendente: labelli laciniis lateralibus linearibus, intermedia latiori breviori, calcare ovario longiori.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. In Lindley’s herbarium there is a duplicate of a Galeotti specimen which is identified as H. diffusa. Lindley’s drawing of a flower resembles very closely Richard’s drawing, which was presumably prepared from Galeotti’s no. 5150, although it shows longer anterior divisions on the petals. Measurements from Ga- leotti’s no. 5150 are as follows: Plant 3.4 dm. tall. Leaves about 7 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 em. wide. Raceme 9.5 cm. long, rather loosely flowered. Ovary 18 mm. long, very slender; bracts about half as long (up to 2). Dorsal sepal 5 mm. long. Lateral sepals reflexed, 7 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. Petals shorter than the dorsal sepal, the anterior divisions 5-5.5 mm. long and equal to the lateral divisions of the labellum. Middle lobe of the labellum wider than the lateral lobes. Spur about 1.7 cm. long. HI. novemfida Lindl. presents for consideration a remarkable example -of inaccuracy of observation. The petals as described by Lindley are 3-parted. In Lindley’s herbarium there is a sketch which shows this character and beside which is written “verified Aug., 1854.” Dr. Prain kindly examined the original specimen [ 247 ] ORCHIDACEA H. diffusa at my request, and reported that a flower moistened and care- fully removed from the type has bifid petals, and that Lindley’s drawing is clearly erroneous. In the light of this correction H. novemfida appears to be closely allied to H. diffusa, to which species I believe it should be referred. (PLATE 75.) MEXICO, Lower Catirornia Cape Region Mts., September, 1893, 7’. S. Brandegee (3). San Luts Porost: 1875, J. G. Schaffner (2).—'Tamasopo Canon, Septem- ber 30, 1890, Pringle (no. 3512) (3).— Hillsides, Los Canoas, August 29, 1891, Pringle (no. 5026) (3). Jatisco: Shaded rocky slopes, near Guadalajara, September 26, 1889, Pringle (no. 2964) (3, 7, 16); cool banks near Guadalajara, August 19, 1893, Pringle (no. 5390) (1, 5). Micuoacdn: Damp rocky hills, Coapa, August 8, 1892, Pringle (no. 4189) (2, 3,19). Moretos: Near Cuernavaca, September 10, 1903, J... Rose & J. H. Painter (nos. 6905, 6932) (2). Vera Cruz: Fl. vertes, en aott, champs et bois a 2000-3000, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5149) (21) (type?); Galeotti (no. 5150) (21).— Mirador, June—Octo- ber, 1840, Galeotti (no. 7263) (20); August, 1841, Liebmann (nos. 145, 146) (3).— Région d’Orizaba, aott, 1866, Bourgeau (no. 1873) (3, ex Hb. Mus. Par.). Mexico: Rocky hills near Lecheria, 7500 ft., August 23, 1904, Pringle (no. 8926) (1, 3). Also reported from GUATEMALA H. flecuosa 55. H. flexuosa Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 811 (1835); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884). Not H. fleawosa Reichb. f., in Flora 48: 180 (1865).—H. clypeata var. Lind., in Benth. PI. Hartw. 53 (1840).—H. clypeata Reichb. f., in Linnea 28: 381 (1856), not Lindl. ; Krdnzl.,in Eng]. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 131 (1898), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898) in part.—H. lactiflora Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 305 (1884) as to specimens; Krdnzl., in Engl. [ 248 ] | oh Lael? Sa Sy eer, my a , 1” MAY ‘i 7 Wen e ¥ , a , % Noahs nea aan cn , ny te ye) Ne rae wee A, “ wees i sieve ian, sie ‘i 3 a sh my we ie | Waal Velen matesoalh | fsa seek by Nes rps oe tt ee ae tet sh sya con “conic Tee, taht ‘i ‘ * fice tis ede ar ed ripen any ys ‘) ; aN we ‘wake Megs en ahs \ a" ve a y cay 7? ¥ 5) | : | | . | rh + Ade ne Cn : y 4 Whe * a j oy or ca bay ; * - - % 1 \ atl r , ( & 8 i oe Pas i \ it y Ss : ig Z a ae hae bar i aa i 1; spans 9 ee ee ke WW no vit HABENARIA origabensis t ich: 6 Get HABE NARIA ouffusa Kid. § Gal ORCHIDACEA PLATE T5 I. Habenaria orizabensis. Flowers, etched from a photograph of the drawing by A. Richard. Il. Habenaria diffusa. 1 and 2. Flower. 3. La- bellum and spur. 4 and 5, Column. Etched from a photograph of the drawing by A. Richard. [ 249 J H. flexuosa ORCHIDACE Bot. Jahrb. 16: 124 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 297 (1898). Not H. lactiflora, Rich. & Gal. “23, HABENARIA flexuosa. “H. foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis, floribus distantibus, bracteis foliaceis acuminatis cucullatis ovarii longitudine, petalis bipartitis: laciniis anterioribus filiformibus rectis reflexis galea brevioribus, labelli tripartiti laciniis filiformibus equalibus, se- palis lateralibus pendulis supremo zqualibus, calcare filiformi compresso recto pendulo ovario duplo longiore. “Hab. in Meaico, ad S. Pedro, Oaxaca, de Karwinski (exam. s. sp. in hb. Mart.) “Caulis subflexuosus, 9 poll. altus, foliis sensim in bracteis de- crescentibus.” Lindl. oc. cat. Lindley’s herbarium contains a sketch of a plant and a flower, labelled “Mexico,” probably from the type, as he was in the habit of sketching types that were loaned him, especially Kar- winski’s. On the same sheet is a specimen from Orizaba by Bot- teri, and under HZ. clypeata (so referred by Krianzlin) a specimen collected at “Angangueo, Hartweg.” This is labelled “clypeata var.?” by Lindley, and is the H. clypeata var. in Bentham’s Plante Hartwegiane 53 (Hartweg no. 399), as shown by speci- mens in the British Museum. Although similar to HZ. clypeata it may be known by its looser habit, green flowers, shorter spur, narrower mid-lobe of the lip, which is shorter than the laterals and basal. (A. A. E.) Hi. diffusa and H. flexuosa are closely related species which are often extremely difficult to distinguish from one another. The leaves of H. diffusa are larger than those of 1. flexuosa and the structure of the flowers offers slight differences, but these characters may prove to be very variable and unreliable for spe cific distinction. [ 250 ] ORCHIDACEA In a series of specimens referred to H. flexuosa the leaves average about 4 cm. in length. MEXICO, Micuoacan On pastures, Angangueo, August, September, Hartweg (no. 399) (19, 20). —Mountains, Patzcuaro, August 2, 1892, Pringle (no. 5337) (3, 7). Hipatco: Damp soils of hills near Cuyamaloya station, 9000 ft., Aug- ust 2, 1904, Pringle (no. 13,211) (1).— Trinidad, July 16, 1904, Pringle (no. 11,919) (1). Vera Cruz: Région dOrizaba, 16 aotit, 1866, FE. Bourgeau (no. 2878). (Comm. Sci. du Mex. Det. as H. lactiflora by Krinzl.) (20).— Région @Orizaba, aotit, 1866, Hahn (no. 1873). (Comm. Sci. du Mex. Dist. Mus. Par. as H. lactea Rich. & Gal.).—Orizaba, August, Botteri (no. 234) (20). Oaxaca: San Pedro, Karwinski (20) (type), (drawing in Hb. Lindl.) (20). — Sierra de San Felipe, alt. 6500-7500 ft., August 13, 1894, Pringle (no. 5759, as H. diffusa) (3, 7); September 12, 1897, C. Conzatti & V. Gon- zales (no. 457) (1).— Eighteen miles southwest of the City of Oaxaca, alt. 5500-9500 ft., September 10-20, 1894, E. W. Nelson (no. 1344) (3). —Cerro de San Felipe, 3000 m., August 15, 1897, Conzattt & Gonzales (no. 370) (Hb. Conzatti). 56. H. felipensis sp. nov. Habitu H. subauriculate haud dis- similis. Planta 12-27 em. alta, gracilis, foliosa. Tubera ovata, 1.5 cm. longa. Folia ovato-lanceolata, acuta, 2-3.5 cm. longa, 7-11 mm. lata, in bracteas transeuntia. Bractee inflorescentic ovariis longiores excedentes flores infimos, 1.5-2 cm. longe, acuminate, acute. Inflorescentia 3-12.5 em. longa, laxa. Flores virides, 5-20 in racemo spicato dispositi. Sepala laterala oblongo- lanceolata, subacuta, uninervia, 6 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. Sepa- lum dorsale ovatum, lateralibus multo latius, 5 mm. longum. Petala bipartita: lacinia posterior 4 mm. longa, lineari-oblonga; lacinia anterior filiformis, 4 mm. longa. Labellum usque ad basim tripartitum; laciniz laterales media subbreviores; lacinia media [ 251 ] HI. flexuosa H. felipensis ORCHIDACE H. felipensis 6.5 mm. longa, 1.5 mm. lata, acuta. Calcar + 1 cm. longum, ad HI, guadala- Jjarana apicem inflatum. Processus stigmatis prominentis. Pringle’s no. 4806 collected in the state of Oaxaca resembles H. subauriculata so closely that it can be separated with cer- tainty from it only by means of the bifid petals and by the lateral divisions of the labellum which are directed forward and not reflexed. Habitally it is almost a counterpart of HZ. subauri- culata, and if it were not for several well marked differences in the flowers the two could be distinguished from one another only with extreme difficulty. The nearest affinity of HZ. felipensis is HI. flexuosa, which is larger in all its parts and taller. Pringle’s no. 4806, which constitutes the type, was originally distributed as H. flexuosa, and in Kranzlin’s Orchidacearum Genera et Species is referred to the synonymy of H. clypeata, with which it has very little in common. (PLATE 77.) MEXICO, Oaxaca Sierra de San Felipe, 9000 ft. alt., August, 1894, C. G. Pringle (no. 4806) (1, 2, 3). 57. H. guadalajarana Wats., in Proc. Am. Acad. 22: 456 (1887).—H. clypeata Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 131 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 313 (1898) in part, not Lindl. “HABENARIA GUADALAJARANA. Habit of the last;! leaves ovate, sheathing, shortly acuminate or acute, 14 inches long or less:raceme rather slender, 4 inches long, the bracts equalling the ovaries: sepals 23 or 3 lines long, the upper broadly ovate, acute, sharply carinate, the lateral oblong-lanceolate, acute; middle lobe of the lip narrowly ligulate, slightly shorter than the sub- filiform lateral lobes and lower segments of the petals, the upper divisions of the petals narrowly lanceolate, acute, slightly falcate; 1H, jaliscana. [ 252 ] lps. iva or wed dip aca: an : pte} os Set } Lf mats ny 7 7 7 ae ha a coir hee bh r ‘ | rr . Dun set OM ‘5 nin es Mh | Hae a hp pi has GOH yA FA TT Ll i Sih Poe Th ae ay pay ae Ne RUA at bt Ota ux ea wiceh te BODY oui hi A ey -HABENARIA guadala aTana Wa éson Bi |glo ORCHIDACE Priate 76. Habenaria guadalajarana Plant and flower etched from the type specimen in the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. The flower, enlarged, was drawn with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 253 ] ORCHIDACE H. guadala- spur clavate, equalling the ovary: processes nearly a line long; jarana H. subauri- culata appendages at the base of the column very thick and verrucose. Guadalajara, in wet bottoms; August. (276.)— Flowers greenish yellow. With this in the Cambridge set is a small specimen with fewer and smaller flowers and narrower acuminate leaves, which belongs to some other species.” Wats. doc. cit. All other specimens of Palmer no. 276 which have been ex- amined are of the small species mentioned by Watson, and appear to be related to H. subauriculata. Kranzlin reduces both this and HZ. jaliscana to H. clypeata, apparently without hav- ing seen the types. Habenaria guadalajarana is a very distinct species. The type specimen in the Gray Herbarium is about 2.6 dm. tall, with rigid, ovate-lanceolate, appressed leaves. The spurs are distinctly clavate, slightly exceeding 1 cm. in length. I have only seen three collections of this species, four plants in all, which are un- doubtedly H. guadalajarana. (PLATE 76.) MEXICO, Jatisco Guadalajara, August, 1886, Dr. Edward Palmer (no. 276 in part) (3) (type). — Rio Blanco, July 17, 1893, Pringle (3).— Road between Mesqui- tec and Monte Escobedo, August 26, 1897, J. N. Rose (no. 2611) (2). 58. H. subauriculata Rob. & Greenm., in Proc. Am. Acad. 32: 34 (1896). “‘Glabrous, 5 to 10 inches high: tuberiform root single, ovoid, an inch long: stem flexuous, leafy: leaves ovate, acutish or acute, 3-ribbed, sheathing by the slightly narrowed base, 1 to 14 inches long, a third or half as broad: spike 2 to 6 inches long, several — many-flowered : bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about equal- ling the ovary: flowers green: upper sepals 3-nerved, about 3 lines long, obtusish, the upper broadly ovate, galeate, obtusish, [ 254 ] er ee el nm te bai oe 4 she ang mere eg ng ieee Bile.) ™ m oe Ri sd vy. : ee LY oh 4 Wala: : = a= i d | wi Ve +> Tr Pp ThA aye | xy ap | n) i ; { ’ He ts | ‘ ne b pes i aS ih so ifs eh Doe é it ie vere he | dia r Hie hi tghip aN oe a bh ay M es ‘ty t he Mian \ ri ay bay \\ ; b i c | a mo Pat | a RMU oh oo . Pin 5 ie, ih a \ ea ee alee } f } ah . it . i Fils . fe j a o) ; ij wy rn 1 ; ran >, aie | % a a : ry Mi 4.2 mat . 4p , oh fy . | el : ay ¥ in) bre 4 oes Ak LN rain nee Mee in Reena ¢ ii = Me r a it } < : ‘ i. Pay ee oe 1 as ORCHIDACE PuateE 77 Habenaria subauriculata. 3. Petal. 4. Flower. Etched from the type specimen preserved in the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. Habenaria felipensis. Plant, natural size, etched from specimens collected by C. G. Pringle in Mexico. 1. Flower, much enlarged. 2. Petal. Flower and petal drawn, enlarged, with the aid of the camera lucida. [ 255 ] ORCHIDACEZ H. subauri- 8-nerved, 3 lines long; the lateral ones narrowly ovate, obtusish, culata H. oriza- bensis slightly exceeding the upper one: lateral petals linear-oblong, obtusish, slightly falcate, subauriculate on the lower side at the base, otherwise entire, 2 to 24 lines long; labellum deeply 3-parted, the divisions linear, the lateral divaricately spreading and slightly curved upwards, 25 to 3 lines long, about equal- ling the middle lobe: spur slender, scarcely clavate, green, about 4 lines long.—Collected by C. G. Pringle, on grassy slopes, Las Sedas, Oaxaca, altitude 6000 feet, August, 1894, no. 4830. Habit of H. flexuosa, Lindl., and H. clypeata, Lindl., but with lateral petals undivided.” Rob. & Greenm. (oc. cit. (PLATE 77.) MEXICO, Oaxaca Grassy slopes, Las Sedas, 6000 ft., August, 1894, Pringle (no. 4830) (2, 3, 4, 5, 7), (type). 59. H. orizabensis Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845). 102. H. Orizabensis Nob. Fol. ovali-acutis; flor. viridibus par- vulis, appendice lanceolato, vix sepalo longiori: labello lingue- formi angusto, obtuso, basi dilatato.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. Plant 18 em. high, with 5 leaves along the stem, these ellip- tic-oblong, abruptly acute, or pointed, 2.5-2.7 cm. long, 1.8 cm. broad. Flowers scattered along the loose spike, bracts foliaceous, the lower equalling the flowers. Ovaries winged. Dorsal sepal 7.5 mm., laterals 8.5 mm. long. Petals + 6 mm. long, the anterior divisions equal to the posterior. Labellum 9 mm. long. Spur + 9 mm. long. (Flowers are fragmentary on type). (A. A. E.) (PLATE 75.) MEXICO, Vera Cruz Fl. vertes en aott, Pic dOrizaba, 10,000 pd., 1838, Linden (no. 184) (21), (type). [ 256 ] ORCHIDACE# 60. H. stricta Rich. & Gal.,in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 8, 3: 29 (1845), Not Rd/., in Journ. Linn. Soc. 21: 510 (1886). 104. H. stricta Nob. Fol. lanceolatis strictis; flor. parvulis viridibus : labello oblongo, obtuso, calcare recurvo brevi.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. This species has been ignored by later writers. There appears to be no specimen at the Museum of Paris, but there is a draw- ing of a flower and ovary, petal, gynostemium and lip. From this it appears to be a Euhabenaria with simple lip and petals, and would be related to HZ. odontopetala. (A. A. E.) The drawing of a flower of Habenaria stricta exhibits a spe- cies which, as Eaton suggests, appears to be related to H. odonto- petala. The labellum, however, is ligulate, acute, and probably entire at the base, which is obscured by the elongated, fleshy, stigmatic processes. The petals are not toothed, and as shown in Richard’s drawing are lanceolate and 3-nerved. The slender spur is longer than the labellum and subequal to the ovary. (PLATE 78.) MEXICO 61. H. eustachya Reichb. f., in Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell. 3: 274 (1885); K7dnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 183 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 391 (1898); Urban, in Symb. Antill. 4: 163 (1903).— H. Sanbornii Ames, in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 16: 117, f. 1 (1903), in Smith Enum. Pl. Guat. pt. 7, 51 (1905); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 306 (1909). “ Habenaria eustachya: “aff. Habenarie quadrate Lindl., calcari ovario pedicellato breviori, tepalis ligulatis apice bi- seu tridentatis, seu retusis cum apiculo, basi interna angulatis. [ 257 ] H. stricta HI. eustachya ORCHIDACE PuaTE 78 I. Habenaria virens. 1. Flower. 2. Column. 3. Petal. 4. Pollen-mass. Etched from a photo- graph of Richard’s drawing. II. Habenaria stricta. 1. Flower. 2. Labellum and column. 3. Petal. Etched from a photo- graph of Richard’s drawing. [ 258 ] HABE NARIA virens seek, § Gal HABENARIA seccie rch é Gat ad al . s « - > > i Dik dnoetd eo ’ ' t u = A ity Ore 0 ae by hd aly * hay 4 ij ' ei ts } i ane) a Mp ! I ‘ ‘ = ORCHIDACEH “Usquetripedalis. Foliasicca papyracea oblongo-ligulata acuta H. eustachya numerosa, usque ultra pollicem lata, superne decrescentia. Ra- cemus elongatus pedalis dense cylindraceus. Bractez triangule acuminate basi flores zquantes, superne minores. Sepalum im- par concavo galeatum ellipticum obtuse acutum. Sepala lateralia triangula lata. Tepala ligulata apice varia (cf. supra), basi angulo obtuso seu acuto versus labellum. Labellum lineari-ligulatum basi latius, nunc utrinque angulatum. Calcar a basi teneriori am- pliatum acutum. Canales loculorum anthere arcuati, varie longi. Crura stigmatica brevia. “Inflorescentia illi Platanthere dilatate Lindl. similis. “Prope Maricao, XI. 1884. Nr. 511b.” Reichb. f. loc. cit. In 1903 I described a Cuban species in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, naming it H. Sanbornu. At that time I was unable to obtain satisfactory material of H. eustachya, and judged that the specimens described by Reichenbach were different from mine. H.. eustachya is readily distinguished from H. odontopetala by its shorter spur and different labellum. In Cuba both species are frequently found growing together on forested slopes, HZ. eusta- chya blooming later than H. odontopetala in Pinar del Rio Pro- vince. H.. troyana, Fawcett & Rendle, is a closely allied species from Jamaica. In my herbarium there are several flowers taken from num- bers 511 b and 2880 of the collections made by Sintenis (cf. origi- nal description above). These flowers closely resemble the types of H. Sanbornu and H. troyana. PORTO RICO Prope Maricao, Sintenis (no. 511b), (type!). [ 259 ] ORCHIDACE Hi. eustachya CUBA HZ. troyana Cuba orientali, September, 1859-January, 1860, C. Wright (no. 1694) (3, 4); 1860-1864, Wright (no. 3306) (3). Pinar pet Rio: Cayajabos, November 9, 1902, O. Ames (1); shade of hill- side trees, January 19, 1903, Ames & Leavitt (no. 519) (1, 2, 3), (type of H. Sanbornit); January 27, 1903, Ames & Leavitt (1); February 28, 1904, Ames (1). MEXICO, Vera Cruz Orizaba, Botteri (3). Tasasco: Planta terrestre rara en los borgnes du Atasta, December, 1889, J. N. Rovirosa (16). GUATEMALA, Atta VERapaz Cubilquitz, 350 m., January, 1902, H. von Tiirckheim, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 8298). Reported as follows: PORTO RICO Prope Aibonito in sylva primeva ad Barrio del pasto, prope Adjuntas in Monte Cedro locas graminosis, prope Maricao, prope Lares in graminosis montanis ad Palma Llanos et in sylvis primevis ad Guajatuco prope Manati ; Sintenis (nos. 511b (type), 2280, 3995, 6008, 6125, 6907). 62. H. troyana Fawcett & Rendle, in Journ. Bot. 47: 264 (1909). “‘Caulis subrobustus, foliatus. Folia lanceolata, acuta, amplexi- caulia, vaginantia, superne bracteiformia. Racemus elongatus, densus. Bracteze ovato-lanceolatea, subacuminate, foliis supe- rioribus conformes. Pedicelli breves. Sepala reticulato-nervosa ; medianum ovato-suborbiculare, obtusissimum, cucullatum; late- ralia semi-ovata, obtusa, patentia, mediano longiora. Petala in- tegra, oblonga, retusa, basi obliqua, basim versus quam apice latiuscula et antice lobo obsoleto instructa. Labellum simplex, lineari-ligulatum, basi angulatum; calcare pendulo, leviter cur- 1No. 3995 in herbaria 2 and 3 is represented by H. monorrhiza in fruit. [ 260 ] ORCHIDACE/# vato, a basi tenui superne robustiore, quam ovarium pedicella- H. troyana tum breviori; processubus stigmaticis brevibus, compressis; an- there canalibus subaqualibus, leviter curvatis. ‘Plant 6 dm. |. Leaves about 10 cm. |., about 2.5 cm. br. Ra- ceme 3 dm. 1. Bracts 3.5-1.2 cm. 1., 1.3-.6 cm. br. Sepals, median 6mm. |., 5mm. br., lateral 7 mm. 1., 3.5 mm. br. Petals 5mm. |, 2.3 mm. br. Lip 8 mm. 1., 1.75 mm. br. near apex, rather over 2 mm. br. near base. Spur 9 mm. 1. «« Hab.—In damp shady forest; in flower, Nov.; near Troy, 2500 ft., 10,432, Harris! “Differs from H. Sanborni Ames in the smaller, narrower, less membranous leaves, and the larger flowers with clavate, not filiform, spur. H. Sanbornii is a larger, coarser-growing plant. Very near H. eustachya Reichenb. f. in Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. ili. 274 (1885), from Porto Rico (Sintenis, no. 5110), which, however, has the median sepal elliptical and obtusely acute. We have not seen this number of H. eustachya, and possibly H. Sanbornu may prove to be the same species.” Fawcett & Rendle, Joc. cit. I have seen flowers of this species submitted for examination by Dr. Rendle. They closely resemble flowers of HZ. eustachya Reichb. f. as represented by Cuban material in my herbarium. The spur is more decidedly inflated and the sepals and petals larger than in the older species. The character of the leaves on which the authors of H. troyana lay emphasis in differentiating it from H. Sanborni (which I refer to H. eustachya) is of ques- tionable value, as the measurements they give apply in detail to specimens of H. Sanborni. In the Gray Herbarium there is a specimen from Orizaba, Mexico, collected by Botteri, which is intermediate between H. troyana and H. Sanbornia, and leads to the supposition that H. troyana is perhaps only [ 261 ] ORCHIDACE H.. troyana a variety. The Mexican plant has inflated spurs, and slightly larger flowers than the type of H. Sanbornii. In the note which accompanies the description of H. troyana, H. Sanbornii is re- ferred to as a larger, coarser-growing plant. This statement needs modification, as H. Sanbornii varies to an extraordinary degree in its dimensions, ranging in height from 3 to 8 dm., with leaves from 8 to 18 cm. long, exclusive of the uppermost ones, which pass gradually into the bracts that subtend the raceme. In my opinion H. troyana is very near H. eustachya, and is probably the same species. H. replicata 63. H. replicata A. Rich., in Sagra Fl. Cub. 2: 250, t. 86 (1850) ;1 Griseb., Cat. Pl. Cub. 271 (1866); Sawv., Fl. Cub. 233 (1878) ; Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 212 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 434 (1898); Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 308 (1909). Not H. replicata Hochst. in Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 296 (1851). “H. caule erecto gracili sesquipedali: foliis lanceolato-lineari- bus acutis, basi laxe vaginantibus, brevibus, erectis, cauli ap- pressis; floribus parvulis spicatis; bracteis foliaceis lanceolatis acutis, ovario dimidio brevioribus; ovario elongato apice sensim attenuato et inde rostrato; sepalo supremo convexo, subgaleato, apice obtuso; lateralibus externis dependentibus oblique et inequilateraliter ovalibus subacutis apice incrassatis; internis (petalis) oblongo-lanceolatis exappendiculatis interne supremi faciei lateraliter applicatis; labello dependente, sepalorum later- alium longitudine oblongo, angustato, apice incrassato incurvo, 1There is another edition of this work, bearing the date 1853 on the title-page of the volume in which H. replicata is described. Richard’s Flora Cubana composes volumes 10 and 11 of the Historia Fisica, Politica y Natural de La Isla de Cuba, by D. Ramon de la Sagra. These volumes are usually cited as 1 and 2. The end of volume 10 (p. 319) closes with ‘fin del tomo primaro.” H. replicata is described in volume 11 of the complete work. [ 262 ] ORCHIDACE supra basin hinc et illinc dente brevi aucto; antherarum cru- H. replicata ribus elongatis versus stigma crassissimum replicatis; calcare elongato, gracili ovarium zquante. **Crescit in sylvis insulee Cube. * Observaciones. Esta planta entra en la division de las Rostrate de M. Lindley, por su ovario sentado muy adelgazado en el vér- tice. Pero, todas las especies de HaBENARIA citadas por el cé- lebre boténico en la dicha division de su Genera and Species Orchideous Plants, son originarias del antiguo continente, y la muestra es distinta, no solo por el conjunto de los detalles de su organisacion, sino por su habitat.” Rich. loc. cit. In this species the lateral lobes of the labellum are obtuse and arise from near the middle. CUBA “739 to Gr(isebach),” 1860-4, C. Wright (3). Pinar vet Rio: Herradura, September 21, 1905, Van Hermann (no. 939) (1). 64. H. triptera Reichb. f., in Linnea 22: 814 (1849), in Walp. H. triptera Ann. 8: 588 (1852), in Bonpl. 2: 10 (1854); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3:306 (1884); K7rdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 218 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 445 (1898). “H. triptera f. lanceolatis acutis strictis in squamas abeun- tibus, sp. densiflora brevi, br. oblongis, cuspidatis ovariis lon- gioribus seu zqualibus, ovario trialato, p. ph. supremo ovato, acuto, lateralibus externis lanceolatis acuminatis, p. ph. i. ob- longis acutis basi antice angulatis, lb. a basi brevi trifido, parti- tionibus acutis brevissimis, media producta, lineari, acuta, calcare ovario subzequali. “‘Mesochiza in Mexico. Scheide. «Zacuapan in Mexico. Leibold.” Reichb. f. doc. cit. [ 263 ] ORCHIDACEH H. triptera MEXICO Orchis floribus albidus, in pratis pr. Mesochiza, reg.—[?] December 28, Schiede & Deppe (19). H.. petalodes 65. H. petalodes Lindi. var. micrantha Reichb. f., Beitr. H. Selero- rum Orch. Cent. Am. 5 (1866); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 806 (1884); Krdanzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 186 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 395 (1898) (excl. Warming sp.?); Cogn., in Mart. FI. Bras. 3, pt. 4, 101 (1898). “Habenaria petalodes Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orch. 316: var. micrantha. Rchb. f. ined. Non spithamea, polyphylla. Folia ab- breviata ovata acuta in bracteas abeuntia. Racemus bipollicaris subdensiflorus, floribus porrectis, bracteis semilanceis ovaria pedi- cellata equantibus. Sepala oblonga obtuse acuta, tepala flabellata apice retusiuscula cum apiculo in medio, supra basin inferiorem obtusangula, obscure colorata. Labellum lineare. Calcar filiforme ovario pedicellato paulo longius. Rostelli dens liber acuminatus. Crura stigmatica obtuse acuta. “Valde mirum plantam hucdum tantum in Brasilia (terra de Itacolumi Minas Geraés Martius!) lectam in Panama repertam licet varietate adeo micrantha, ut flores bene duplo sint minores. Panama.” Reichb. f. loc. cit. Probably the only collection of this variety. Kranzlin refers Warming’s Brazilian specimens here, Cogniaux refers them to the type form. 66. H. Selerorum ScAltr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7: 589 (1899). ‘‘Gracilis erecta vel adscendens, c. 40 cm. alta; caule tereti, subflexuoso, penne anserinz crassitudine, foliato, glaberrimo; foliis erecto-patentibus oblongis vel oblongo-ellipticis, glaberri- mis, reticulato-venosis, basi vaginantibus usque ad 7 cm. longis, [ 264 ] ORCHIDACEAE ad apicem caulis versus sensim decrescentibus; racemo oblongo H. Selero- ~ vel cylindrico laxe p[lJurifloro; bracteis ovatis acutis vel acumi- 7” natis ovario graciliter pedicellato multo brevioribus; floribus viridi-flavescentibus illis H. alate Hk. fere equimagnis; sepalo intermedio suborbiculari obtuso, 0.6 cm. diam., cucullato, sepalis lateralibus deflexis obliquis late oblongis apice breviter acumi- natis 0.6 cm. longis, medio fere 0.4 cm. latis; petalis erectis ob- longis apice truncato-obtusissimis, carnosulis, basi haud dentatis, 0.5 cm. longis, medio fere 0.2 cm. latis; labello deflexo, lineari obtuso, basi interdum utrinque denticulo minuto donato, 0.8 cm. longo, vix 0.2 cm. lato, carnosulo, calcare filiformi acuto de- pendente, ovarium bene excedente, c. 3 cm. longo; anthera emarginata, canalibus gracilibus adscendentibus; rostello humili, lobo intermedio triangulari obtusiusculo carnoso; processibus stigmaticis crassis, clavatis, canalibus antherarum duplo breviori- bus, apice coherentibus; capsula clavata, glabra, pedicellata. “Habitat in Guatemala, in provincia Alta Vera Paz, ad margines silvarum prope Coban: Sel. n. 2492.— Dec.” Schltr. loc. cit. I am indebted to Professor Krinzlin for a sketch of this species. Krinzlin suggests that H. Selerorum is very near “H. monorrhiza” (H. alata of this work), but that a sure determi- nation on this point is impracticable owing to the poor condi- tion of the flowers on the specimen he examined. I have seen no material. The truncate obtuse petals may prove to be a constant dif- ferentiating character when this species is compared with HZ. alata. In general habit, H. Selerorum as shown by Krinzlin’s sketch very closely resembles H. alata Hook., and should be rigidly compared with it. [ 265 ] H. brevi- labiata H. odonto- petala ORCHIDACE 67. H. brevilabiata Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845). “ H. brevilabiata Nob. Fol. lanceolatis; flor. viridibus: labello oblongo-angusto, obtuso.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. Plants, arising from fleshy tuberoids, about 1.6 dm. tall. Leaves lanceolate, acute, 4.5—6.7 em. long, 1.4-1.7 cm. wide. Floral bracts equalling the ovaries, lanceolate, acute, the lowermost one nearly 2cm. long. Flowers 5 or more, comparatively large. Lateral sepals elliptic-oblong, rounded at the tip, 3-nerved, 1 cm. long, 4mm. wide. Upper sepal elliptical, concave, about 1 cm. long. Petals oblong, obtuse, about 8 mm. long, 2.75mm. wide. Labellum ligulate, obtuse, fleshy, entire, 11 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Spur about twice as long as the labellum, somewhat dilated near the apex, 2 cm. long. Stzgmatic processes comparatively small. My description is drawn in part from the type and in part from the specimen collected by Pringle in the state of Michoacan. The leaves of the type are broken. The longest one measures 4.5 cm. in length. The spur on the lowermost flower of Galeotti's speci- men is 2 cm. long. The two specimens cited below are the only ones of which I have any knowledge. H. brevilabiata is appar- ently a very distinct species, which on account of its simple la- bellum and petals I refer to the group represented in our range by H. alata and its allies. MEXICO, Oaxaca Fil. verdatres en sept. Bois humides pres la Mer Pacifique, 6500 pd., Cor- dillera, 1840, Galeotti (no. 5037) (21), (type). Micuoacan: On oaks, Tarascon, 6500 ft., October 11, 1904, C. G. Pringle (no. 11,911) (1). 68. H. odontopetala Reichb. f., in Linnea 18: 407 (1844); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884); Krdnzil., in Engl. Bot. [ 266 ] ” wie Spinnin’ Tyre 4a i My aT Ne Tt P ae Sih iow a he aay, ee o/s mr ae peg Tey ya {i wie | ey on if ne ‘vt af 1 ig age ee | ha ne vag metic baa ae ie i i t ate ) : ) on , ; 4) d his OR , : t ma’ ; ; ate t \ He a M : : i a vy * j Ve iy, vy) ? , \s eae iy 5 Ma FAN ea! 4; ; ; May iit ue te Ar ks, unin Pi byiw 4 y) oe evi Te A mt hi nie ie “af sh Att DUN tui / ee ak" ie ‘Ve Jaa Wuees. ty a a ; a } Ay: Hae Batt Ny vi TRY Gal SPU Ae AL PL ee iN | ak fa lag bas) Ae) AASB i) Ph) OO Teenie | AU Le ful HABE NARIA oss eiiste ORCHIDACE Puiate 79. Habenaria brevilabiata I. Plant, natural size, drawn from Pringle’s no. 11,911. I. Reduced from a photograph of the type. 1. Column etched from a photograph of Richard’s drawing. 2.Column from Pringle’s no. 11,911. 3. Labellum from Pringle’s no. 11,911. [ 267 ] ORCHIDACEA H. odonto- Jahrb. 16: 183 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 392 (1898); Ames, petala in Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 16: 117, f. 2 (1908), Orch. Fl. Fla. 12, t. 2 (1904).—H. Garberi Porter, in Bot. Gaz. 5: 135 (1880); Chapm., Fl. S. U. S. ed. 2, 654 (1884); Small, in Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 27: 275 (1900). Platanthera Garberi Chapm., FI. S. U.S. ed. 3, 486 (1897). Habenaria Michauxii Krdnzl., Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 896 (1901) in part, not Nuit. Habenella Garberi Small, F1. Se. U. S. 316 (1908). “Habenaria (§2. Henidia. a. in Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch.) odontopetala G. Rchb. fil. foliis lanceolatis acuminatis, racemo multifloro elongato, floribus pedicellatis, pedicellis bracteis lance- olatis acuminatis aqualibus, sepalis oblongis obtuse acutis, peta- lis paulo minoribus oblongis apice sinuato tridentatis, basi biden- tatis, dente inferiore majore, labello lineari apice retuso, calcare filiformi clavato germini pedicellato subzequali, canalibus stigma- ticis tenuissimis porrectis, processubus stigmaticis parvis obtusis. “Stengel vielblittrig, 20” hoch. Blatter in der Mitte etwa 9” breit, 3” lang. Bliithen von der Grésse derer der Platanthera chlorantha, gelb, nach der schriftlichen Notiz des Sammlers.— Temperirtes Mexiko. Leibold.” Reichb. f. doc. cit. H. odontopetala is readily distinguished from H. strictissima by its oblong petals which are characterized by a tooth at the summit and by protuberant anterior basal angles. From H. eu- stachya it is to be separated by its longer spur and different la- bellum. In Cuba H. odontopetala grows on forested slopes. In Florida I have found it on the edges of wooded areas, mostly in shade. There is no adequate reason for upholding H. Garberi. It is clearly referable to H. odontopetala. Dr. Small’s new genus Habenella is in my estimation un- necessary and is founded on characters which are sectional rather [ 268 ] ORCHIDACEA than generic. It is inadvisable to segregate from Habenaria the H. odonto- species characterized by simple petals and lip. The direction of petala the stigmatic processes on which Dr. Small relies, in part, for the separation of Habenella from Habenaria does not in my opinion have sufficient value for generic distinction. FLORIDA, Sr. Joun County St. Augustine, Mary C. Reynolds (3). Sumrer Co.: September 7, 1893, Fred L. Lewton (4). Brevard Co.: Merritt’s Isl., Indian River, March, 1881, 4. H. Curtiss (3). —Rich woods near Georgiana Landing, Indian River, February, 1889, Wm. M. Canby (16). ManaTEE Co.: Hammocks and pine woods, Manatee, December, 1877, Dr. A. P. Garber (no. 315) (2, 5, 6, '7, 16), (type of H. Garberi ?); (no. 238) (3).—Swamps on hammocks, Oneco, November 7, 1901, R. M. Grey (1).— Palmetto, November 30, 1901, S. M. Tracy (no. 7529) (2, 3, 4). Lee Co.: May 7, 1903, J. E. Layne (1).—In loose mould within and on edge of small hammock, March 9, 1904, O. Ames (1).—In a rich hammock, Henderson’s Creek, March 18, 1904, Oakes & Blanche Ames (1).—Cypress swamp, Deep Lake, March 7, 1905, fruit, 4. 4. Eaton (no. 1306) (1). Dane Co.: Little River, December 6, 1903, Eaton (1).— Cypress swamp, north folk of Miami River, November 17, 1903, Eaton (no. 338) (1).— Alapattah, December 28, 1903, Eaton (no. 779) (1).—In low hammock, Orange Glade, west of Miami, December 8, 1903, Eaton (no. 782) (1).— Woods, Punch-bowl, Miami, December 26, 1903, Eaton (no. 739) (7); dry, rather sandy woods, Breckell Hammock, Miami, February 27, 1905, fruit, Eaton(no. 1260)(1).— In rotten hole in prostrate tree, three feet from ground, Timb’s Hammock, Gossman’s, December 21, 1903, Eaton (no. 702) (1); Burden’s Hammock, Gossman’s, December 21, 1903, Haton(1).— Hammock by prairie near Camp Longview, November 10, 1903, Eaton (1). — Hammock byeverglade, Camp Jackson, December 12, 1903 (no. 554) (1). CUBA 1860-4, C. Wright (3). Pinar DEL Rio: On border of palm grove, San Isidro farm, near Cayaja- bos (1); November, 1902, O. Ames (1); in rich woodlands near a river, No- vember 9, 1902, Ames (1); rich woods, frequently in open spaces where the [ 269 ] H. odonto- petala H. Purdie ORCHIDACE sun comes in, January 20—February 10, 1903, Ames & Leavitt (1); rich cal- careous soil in shade of woods, January 26-29, 1903, Ames & Leavitt (1); rich soil in shaded woods, January 27, 1903, Ames & Leavitt (1).— Lomas circa de Taco-Taco, October 28, 1904, C. F. Baker (no. 3814) (1). MEXICO Mirador, November, 1841, Liebman (no. 256) (3). 69. H. Purdiei, Fawcett & Rendle, in Journ. Bot. 47: 263 (1909). “Type in Herb. Kew. Herba glabra. Caulis erectus, foliatus, vaginis foliorum tectus. Folia lanceolata, tenuia, insigniter reti- culato-11—15-nervia, acuta, superne minora atque bracteiformia, basi amplexicaulia et in vaginam tubulosam angustata. Bractez lanceolate, acuminate, ovario pedicellato breviores. Racemus sublaxus, multiflorus, ambitu oblongus. Flores patuli. Sepala reticulato-3-nervia, venis extus prominentibus; medianum sub- orbiculare, cucullatum, obtusissimum, margine minute denticu- lato; lateralia ovali-faleata, concava, obtusa. Petala indivisa, oblonga, obtusissima, 2-nervia. Labellum lineari-ligulatum, pen- dulum margine revoluto, basim versus utrinque dente parvo instructum, sepalis dimidio longius; calcare tenui, compresso, apicem versus angustato, ovario subduplo longiore; processubus stigmaticis apice crassis; antherz canalibus subduplo longiori- bus, ascendentibus; antherz acute cristata (in spec. exam.). “Plant 4.5 dm. 1. Stem about 3 dm. 1|., 3.5 mm. br. Leaves, blade to 8 cm. 1., to 1.9 em. br. Bracts, lower 1.7 cm. 1. Pedicel about 5 mm. |. Ovary 1-1.8 cm. |. Raceme about 12 cm. 1. Sepals, median 8.5 mm. |., 7.7 mm. br., lateral about 11 mm. L., nearly 5 mm. br. Spur barely 3 cm. 1. Stigmatic processes about 2 mm. |.; anther-canals about 3.3 mm. I. “ Hab.— Hollis’s Savanna, Clarendon, Purdie! “Differs from H. obtusa Lindl., from Brazil and Surinam, in [ 270 ] ORCHIDACEE the smaller lanceolate bracts, and in other details.” Fawcett & HQ. Purdiei Rendle, /oc. cit. I have been unable to examine the type of H. Purdiei. From the description it does not appear to be separable from H. odontopetala. 70. H. Oerstedii Reichb. f, in Bonpl. 3: 213 (1855), Beitr. Orch. Cent. Am. 45 (1866); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884); Kranzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 218 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 445 (1898). “10. H. Oerstedu (A. § 2 a.), aff. Habenarie hexapterz Lindl.: foliis oblongo lanceolatis acutis decrescentibus, bracteis ovario subzequalibus, calcare falcato ovarii pedicellati dimidium non zequante, tepalis ligulatis supra basin inferiorem angulatis labello ligulato retuso aut basin utrinque angulato. Planta prope tri- pedalis. Folia infima quinque-sexpollicaria, suprema abbreviata in bracteas decrescentia. Racemus elongatus. Bractez lanceolate apiculate. Flores illis Habenariz hexapterz Lindl. aquales. Ova- rium exalatum. Sepala oblonga et summum quidem nunc obova- tum apiculatum, nunctamen oblongum obtusum. Sepala lateralia ligulato falcata obtusa. Brachia stigmatica obtusata apice in ligu- lam teretiusculam tenuem producta. Eine stattliche blattreiche Pflanze mit ziemlich dichter, fast fusslanger Traube. Segovia, Oersted.” Reichb. f. loc. cit. NICARAGUA, Sgcovia Oersted 1/48. The lower portion of a stem, two or three flowers in a pocket, and a drawing of a flower and column, in Lindley’s herbarium. It has not been reported since. 71. H. virens Rich. & Gal., in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845). “105. H. virens Nob. Fol. elliptico-oblongis acutis; flor virid- [ 271 ] H. Oerstedi H. virens H. virens H.. strictis- sima ORCHIDACEZ ibus numerosissimis, sepalo supremo galezeformi medio cristato, sepalis internis spathulatis: labello lobis lateralibus acutis, inter- medio dimidio brevioribus.” Rich. & Gal. loc. cit. This very distinct species has been ignored by subsequent writers. There are three sheets and an excellent drawing of a flower with dissections at the Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris. H. virens has exactly the appearance of H. strictissima, but the Jabellum and petals are very distinctive. The lateral lobes, or teeth, of the lip are acute and directed forward. The spur is peculiarly up-curved in all the specimens. Dorsal sepal orbicular, 5 mm. x 5 mm., lateral sepals 7 x 5 mm., petals rounded, spathulate, 3 mm. long, lip 9 mm. long, linear beyond the side lobes, blunt, usually appearing as if broadened at the tip, because of revolute edges. (PLATE 78.) MEXICO, Oaxaca 1842, Ghiesbreght (21), (type). 72. H. strictissima Reichd. f., in Linnea 18: 407 (1844), 28: 381 (1856); Hems., Biol. Cent. Am. 3: 306 (1884) ; Krdnzl., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 184 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 392 (1898).—H. pyramidalis Lindl., in Ann. Nat. Hist. 15: 386 (1845); Krdnzl.,in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 16: 185 (1893), Orch. Gen. et Sp. 1: 393 (1898). “ Habenaria (§ 2. Henidia. a. in Ldl. Gen. et Sp. Orch.) strictissima G. Rehb. fil. foliis oblongis acutis arrectis in brac- teas decrescentibus, spica densissima elongata, bracteis lanceo- latis ovariis subzequalibus, sepalis petalisque minoribus oblongis obtusis, sepalo superiore cum petalis galeato, labello lineari basi bidentato, dentibus divaricatis, calcare filiformi pendulo ovario longiore, canalibus stigmaticis elongatis, processubus stigmaticis brevibus obtusis. [ 272 ] ORCHIDACE “Der dicht beblitterte Stengel ist 18” hoch, die untersten, H. strictis- lingsten Blatter 9” breit, 3" lang. Die Aehre ist ausserordenti- suma lich reich-und dichtbliithig. Die Bliithen von der Grosse derer der Platanthera bifoka ; griin, nach Angabe des Sammlers. “'Temperirtes Mexiko. Leibold.” Reichb. f. loc. cit. Habenaria strictissima is clearly distinguished from H. odon- topetala by its rounded petals which are about as broad as long, scarcely toothed at the tip, and obscurely if at all protuberant on the anterior basal corner. The labellum of H. strictissima is variable with regard to the basal teeth. These are sometimes pronounced and sometimes almost obsolete. When strongly de- veloped they resemble those of HZ. virens. MEXICO Dr. Coulter (no. 1524) (3).—Near Menco, August 23, 1904, Pringle (no. 8915) (1, 3). Srvatoa: Cerro Colorado, near Culiacan, November 5, 1904, 7’. 8. Bran- degee (1). Jaxisco: Bolanos, Hartweg (20). Hipatco: Rocky mesa, El Salto, September 16, 1903, Pringle (7). Moretos: Lava beds near Cuernavaca, 5000 ft., September 15, 1896, Pringle (no. 7223) (3, 7). Reported as follows: Temperate Mexico (Tierra templada), Leibold (type). — Rarissime, August, 1855, Schaffner (no. 207). 73. H. alata Hook., Exot. FI. 3: t. 169 (1826); Spreng., Syst. H. alata Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Stewd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 716 (1841); Griseb., Fl. Br W. Ind. 644 (1864), Cat. Pl. Cub. 271 (1866); Sauv., Fl. Cub. 233 (1873); Rerchb. f, in Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell. 3: 274 (1885); Ames, in Smith Enum. Pl. Guat. pt. 7, 51 (1905). Not H. alata Rich. & Gal. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 29 (1845) (=H. jahscana Wats.). [ 273 ] H. alata ORCHIDACE Orchis foliosa Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 688 (1826); Steud., Nomencl. ed. 2, 2: 223 (1841), not Sw. Habenaria brachyceras Lindl., Gen. & Sp. Orch. 315 (1835), not Spreng. —H. bidentata Pepp., Enum. Pl. Cub. mss. ex Steuwd., Nomencl. ed. 2, 1:'716 (1841).—H. monorrhiza Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 307 (1909). ‘“‘Habenaria alata ; tuberibus subspheericis, labello basi biden- tato petalisque duobus interioribus minoribus lanceolatis, tribus exterioribus ovatis subpatulis, germine alato, cornu lineari-com- presso germine breviore. “Root fibrous, and having one or two small, nearly spherical tubers. Stem 1 to 14 foot high, erect, leafy. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, carinate, erect, glabrous. « Spike about 4 inches long, consisting of many, rather densely placed flowers, each accompanied with a lanceolato-subulate bractea. Corolla: with the petals scarcely patulous, the 3 outer ones ovate, free, the inner smaller, lanceolate; the dip, which is never pendent, but at most standing forward, is the same size as the inner petals, lanceolate, and has a tooth on each side at the base, whilst on the under side, it runs down into a curved compressed horn, nearly as long as the germen. Column very short, thick, projecting forward, and with two tuberculated pro- cesses. Anther, with the two cells distinct, their bases elongated, so as to reach the tuberculated processes: Pollen-masses oval, upon a very long, green, filiform, elastic stalk, having a round gland at the base. Germen oblongo-clavate, slightly twisted, fur- rowed; the six angles of the furrows extended into as many longitudinal winged processes.” Hook. Joc. cit. 1Sprengel (loc. cit.), and after him Steudel, supposed Orchis foliosa Sw. was incorrectly ascribed to Africa and identified it incorrectly with Habenaria alata Hook. The Swartzian species is now H. foliosa Lindl. from Cape of Good Hope. Correvon (Orch. Rust. 140) re- fers O. foliosa Soland. to H. alata Hort. [ 274 ] ORCHIDACE My Cuban collections of this species were made in grasslands H. alata near the Sierra de los Orgafios Mountains in Pinar del Rio Pro- vince. In February the specimens were maturing their fruit and the perianth was partly withered. The specimens gathered by Pringle in Mexico were found on grassy hillsides. It would seem that H. alata prefers sunny locations in the open country, and grows mostly in savannas. In Lindley’s herbarium at Kew under H. brachyceras two specimens are preserved which I have referred to HZ. alata. One of these, which is very similar to Pringle’s no. 3897 in the Gray Herbarium, is marked “Jamaica, Purdie. R. 27.” It has the characteristic ovary of H. alata, and linear-lanceolate leaves. The other specimen was collected by Hooker in Jamaica and is accompanied by a note which refers it to H. alata Hook. MEXICO, San Luts Porost Grassy hillside, Las Canoas, August 29, 1891, C. G. Pringle (no. 3897) (3, 4, 7). Vera Cruz: 4000 ft., Linden (21). GUATEMALA, Santa Rosa San Juan Utapa, alt. 1100 m., September, 1893, Heyde & Lua, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 6247). (Smith, Enum. doc. cit., gives this number as from Cerro Redondo, 1200 m., September, 1892.) COSTA RICA, Carraco Cartago, alt. 1300 m., December, 1887, Juan J. Cooper, J. D. Smith distr. (no. 5971). CUBA, Pinar vet Rio In a field, Cayajabos, November 9, 1902, Ames (1, 3); upland fields in full sunlight, January 20 to February 10, 1903, Ames & R. G. Leavitt (1, 3); open fields, in fruit, February 28, 1904, Ames (1).—On a plantation six miles west of Artemisa, in tall grass, red soil, common, February 26, 1904, Ames(1).—Santa Catalina, October 18, 1905, Van Hermann (no. 3281)(1). JAMAICA Purdie (3, 20); Hooker (Hb. Lindl. “ H. brachyceras”). [ 275 ] H. alata Hi. socialis ORCHIDACEA VENEZUELA Prope coloniam Tovar, 1854-5, A. Fendler (no. 1417) (3), (H. brachyceras, fide Lindl.). BOLIVIA Yungas, 1890, 4. Miguel Bang (no. 582) (3). Reported as follows: CUBA, Wright (nos. 1694, 3306); PORTO RICO, ST. THOMAS, JAMAICA, ANTIGUA, ST. VINCENT 74. H. socialis Fawcett & Rendle, in Journ. Bot. 47: 263 (1909). “Type in Herb. Kew. Herba glabra. Caulis erectus, foliatus, vaginis foliorum tectus. Folia lanceolata, tenuia, 9-nervia, acuta, superne minora atque bracteiformia, basi amplexicaulia et in vaginam tubulosam angustata. Bractez lanceolate, acuminate, ovario pedicellato subzequilongee. Racemus sublaxus, multiflorus. Flores erecti. Sepala, medianum enerve, suborbiculare, obtusissi- mum, apiculatum, cucullatum; lateralia 2-nervia, oblonga, retusa. Petala indivisa, reticulato-2-nervia, oblonga, basim versus antice lobo prominenti instructa apice emarginato, nervibus excurren- tibus mucronata. Labellum simplex, lineari-ligulatum, basim an- gustum versus utrinque lobo prominenti instructum, margine revoluto; calcare tenui, compresso, apicem versus angustato, ovario subequilongo; processubus stigmaticis, brevissimis, capi- tatis, glandulosis; anthere canalibus ascendentibus, processubus duplo longioribus. ‘Plant 3 dm. |. Stem about 2 dm. 1|., 3 mm. br. Leaves, blade to 8.5 cm. 1., to 2 cm. br. Bracts, lower 1.3 cm. |. Pedicel about 3 mm. |. Ovary about 1 cm. |. Raceme about 10 cm. |. Flowers green. Sepals, median about 3.5 mm. |. and br.; lateral about 4.3 mm. |., about 2 mm. br. Petals 3.5 mm. |., about 1 mm. br. Lip about 5.5 mm. |., about 1.2 mm. br. Spur about 1 cm. 1. [ 276 ] ORCHIDACE “ Hab.—Growing with H. alata Hook. in marshy soil, near H. socialis Mandeville, Purdie! “Differs from H. alata Hook. in the texture and venation of the leaves, in the flowers being about half the size, in the form of the sepals and petals, and in the relatively longer lip. Differs from H. quadrata Lindl. in form of petals, length of spur, and other details.” Fawcett & Rendle, loc. cit. 75. H. Dussii Cogn., in Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 307 (1909). H. Dussii “'Tuberidiis 1-3, obovato-cylindricis; caule gracillimo, sparse plurifoliato; foliis patulis vel erecto-patulis, tenuiter membrana- ceis, linearibus vel lineari-ligulatis, acuminatis, basi longiuscule vaginantibus ; racemo brevi, laxe paucifloro; bracteis lanceolatis, acuminatis, floribus szepius zequilongis; sepalis tenuiter 5-nervu- losis, dorsali ovato-suborbiculari, apice rotundato, cucullato, lateralibus paulo longioribus, patulis, ovato-oblongis, obtusius- cule apiculatis, subfalcatis; petalis anguste linearibus, acumina- tis, uninerviis, rectis, sepalo dorsali leviter brevioribus; labello carnosulo, sepalis lateralibus zquilongo, fere usque ad basin tripartito, partitionibus lateralibus patentissimis anguste lineari- subulatis, acutissimis, intermedia satis longiore, triangulari-ligu- lata, tenuiter trinervulosa, acutiuscula, deflexa; calcare pendulo, recto, anguste conico, acuto, labello breviore; processubus stig- maticis deflexis, brevibus, crassis, obtusis; antherz canalibus brevibus, ascendentibus. ‘“Radices fusiformes. Tuberidia 1-3, alba, villosa, 1-2 cm. longa. Caulis erectus, flexuosus, viridis, 25-40 cm. altus, 13—- 2 mm. crassus. Folia intense viridia, tenuiter multinervulosa, limbo 7-11 cm. longo et 5-8 mm. lato, vagina 2—4 cm. longa. Racemus 4—9-florus, 5-10 cm. longus. Bractez foliacee, 1-2 cm. ORCHIDACEZ H. Dussu longe. Sepala membranacea, dorsale 4 mm. longum et 8-3} mm. latum, lateralia 44-5 mm. longa et 2} mm. lata. Petala erecta, 3-34 mm. longa, # mm. lata. Labelli lobus terminalis strictus, tenuiter trinervulosus, 44-5 mm. longus, basi 13 mm. latus; lobi laterales vix arcuati, 2} mm. longi; calcar 4 mm. longum, in- ferne 1 mm. latum. «Flores virides. Fl. IX—XII; fr. X. “Hab. in Guadeloupe in sylvis humidis ad Nez-Cassé: Duss n. 3931.” Cogn. loc. cit. I have seen a single flower of this species taken, presumably, from the type specimen in Urban’s herbarium and given to me by Professor Cogniaux. This flower shows clearly the affinity of H. Dussu with H. alata, although the ovarian wings are not so strongly developed as in that species. INDEX ‘ / v | ; Aa. 7 We yrure: vis SM eA 8 i ae de i rer ae slid it” inn We ‘poy pcre 2 i Sis Aas ca, isdebe. bth oertbayrid, ct P ane: » i the oni recat ve WA L1H io ew Bird wis Lites ‘oy Dee P: i: « °C CSET Bey ivimetidian set AT; Trew ie 2 cl Sor dawns © | ca, Nae Ai i oealin ; th ae it ma ple te iol . ‘hye ‘ee ies Re. a Os q ry ye a Cuysr we’, eigS a ee sen, Lees inline vies ne fi a é? haps 4! ‘; a utgn? ‘ar, au OB? A ny Hd prio’ ab abhaa: ry Ps supper at. a ie =f) } uc dual amie?) 1.) ame : e oe yh) awh) seeigetr ie | NEY 0 a ae ve 9 th a ue ; bow, a ayn yi >, ledieuwd bu “vb mie" es mien. fr ude ft ‘4 Lee i Mala y ty AD hy “A ee te ytd vy en 2 ho deo eaten wiagubty rit] " tna eal, : sc 2 eee o on dete iOS wre Ree EE + unt 7) | ra 0) Vi? © 4) eee’ ‘ah id TiAre les : : wil lidd Tore ” oath ga raetuny sb wer (Gel “4 . au) vic. , oe): Qe a) see Aree 4a + Sdepvient fi? Live ye? quinn a, ae eye lini ie Asal, he, dlink ene. J . eee of renga > 4 "5 pei dt EW ontgh py { : a) INDEX TO THE NAMES OF THE SPECIES Bicchia albida Parl., 40 Blephariglottis albiflora Raf., 166 bicolor Raf., 166 blephariglottis Rydb., 166 Chapmanii Small, 155 ciliaris Rydb., 158 conspicua Small, 169 cristata Raf., 152 flaviflora Raf., 158 grandiflora Rydb., 196 lacera Rydb., 174 leucophea Rydb., 181 peramena Rydb., 201 psycodes Rydb., 187 Chamorchis albida Dumort., 40 Celoglossum albidum Hartm., 40 bracteatum Parl., 22 Vaillanti Guss., 22 viride B bracteatum Richter, 23 Entaticus albidus S. F. Gray, 40 Gymnadenia albida L. C. Rich., 40 bracteata Presl., 22 conica Lindl., 52, 53 flava Lindl., 44, 50 hyperborea Link, 79 longispica Durand, 111 neottioides Rich. & Gal., 107, 109 nivea Lindl., 52 orchidis Lindl., 52 prasina A. Rich., 108 propinqua Rich. & Gal., 109 tridentata Lindl., 30 tridentata B clavellata Wood, 30 viridis Spreng., 22 Gymnadeniopsis clavellata Rydb., 30 integra Rydb., 50 nivea Rydb., 52 Habenaria acutiflora Rich. & Gal., 243, 244, pl. 74 adenantha Rich. & Gal., 233, 234, 235, 236 aggregata Howell, 102, 103 alata Hook., 20, 229, 230, 231, 265, 266, 273, 274, 275, 277, 278 alata Hort., 274 alata Rich. & Gal.,244, 245, 246, 273, pl. 74 albida R. Br., 15, 38 x Andrewsii White, 172, 193, pl. 66 behringiana Ames, 16, 91, 92, 93, pl. 60 bicornis Lindl., 18, 221 bidentata Krinzl., 221 bidentata Poepp., 274 bifolia R. Br., 149, 150 blephariglottis Hook., 17, 163, 164, 166, 170 blephariglottis var. conspicua Ames, 169 blephariglottis var. holopetala Gray, 166 blephariglottis x cristata, 163 borealis Cham., 59, 60 borealis var. albiflora Cham., 56, 59 borealis var. viridiflora Cham., 59, 78 bracteata R. Br., 21, 134 brachyceras Lindl., 229, 274, 275, 276 brachyceras Spreng., 229 brachyceratitis Lindl., 229 [ 281 ] INDEX brachyceratitis Willd., 229 brevifolia Greene, 16, 82, 101, 105, 106, pl. 63 brevifolia Kranzl., 72, 82 brevilabiata Rich. 5 Gal., 20, 266, 267, pl. 79 x Canbyi Ames, 163 x Chapmanii Ames, 155 Chorisiana Cham., 16, 133, 134, 135 ciliaris R. Br., 17, 156, 159, 166, 167 ciliaris var. alba Morong, 166 ciliaris var. albiflora Gower, 166 ciliaris var. holopetala Morong, 166 ciliaris x cristata, 155 clavellata Spreng., 15, 29, 31 clypeata Krianzl., 243, 245, 252 clypeata Lindl., 12, 19, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 245, 248, 250, 254, 256 clypeata Reichb. f., 237, 248 clypeata var. Lindl., 248, 250 conspicua Nash, 169 Cooperi Krinzl., 57 Cooperi Wats., 57, 119, 120 crassicornis Lindl., 18, 233, 234, 235, 237, pl. Tz cristata R. Br., 17, 151, 163, 185, 186 Cruegeri Cogn., 18, 212, 215, 216 diffusa Rich. & Gal., 19, 238, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, pl. 75 dilatata Big., 78 dilatata Bol., 72 dilatata Hook., 15, 55, 58, 59, 60, 61, 80, 82 dilatata Wats., 55, 72 dilatata var. Wats., 72 dilatata var. leucostachys Ames, 15, 60, 71, 110 dilatata var. media Ames, 15, 58 dilatatiformis Rydb., 57, 94 distans Griseb., 17, 202, 203, 206, 209 distans var. B jamaicensis Cogn., 204 Dussii Cogn., 20, 277, 278 elegans Bol., 16, 111, 112, 115, 120 . 143, pl. 64 elegans var. maritima Ames, 16, 113, 114 Elliott Beck, 44, 50, 51 entomantha Lindl.,19, 207, 242, 243, 244, pl. 74 eustachya Reichb. f., 6, 19, 231, 257, 259, 261, 262 felipensis Ames, 19, 251, 252, 255, pl. 77 Jilifera Kranzl., 241 Jilifera Wats., 242, 243, 245 fimbriata R. Br.,17, 185, 186, 187, 188, 194, 201 Jimbriata f. albiflora Rand & Redf.,196 Jissa R. Br., 186, 200 Jissa Spreng., 186, 200 flagellans Wats., 72, 75 flagellaris, 72 ( = flagellans) flava Spreng., 15, 41, 44, 50 flexuosa Lindl., 19, 242, 248, 250, 251, 252, 256 flexuosa Reichb. f., 240, 248 fetida Wats., 119 foliosa Lindl., 274 JSragrans Niles, 57, 59 Suscescens Torr., 43 Garberi Krinzl., 227 Garberi Porter, 268, 269 Ghiesbreghtiana Hems., 16, 101 gracilis Colebr., 94 gracilis Reichb. f., 99 gracilis Rydb., 57 gracilis Wats., 92 graminea Lindl., 56 [ 282 ] INDEX graminea Spreng., 56 grandiflora Lindl., 195 grandiflora Torr., 184, 195, 201 guadalajarana Kranzl., 240 guadalajarana Wats., 19, 242, 252, 2538, 254, pl. 76 Habenaria Small, 223 herbiola R. Br., 42 hexaptera Lindl., 271 holopetala Niles, 166 Hookeri Torr., 16, 21, 135, 136, 137, 138, 142 Hookeri var. oblongifolia Gray, 136, 137 Hookeriana Torr., 135, 137, 138 huronensis Spreng., 78 hyperborea R. Br., 15, 16, 58, 61,77, 80, 81, 82, 91, 94 hyperborea var. purpurascens Ames, 16, 90 incisa Spreng., 186 integra Spreng., 15, 44, 49 jaliscana Krianzl., 241 jaliscana Wats., 12, 19, 228, 242, 244, 245, 246, 252, 254, 273, pl. 74 jamaicensis Fancett 5 Rendle, 17, 203, 204, 205, 206, pl. 67 lacera RB. Br., 17, 30,171, 172, 185, 186, 187, 193, 223, pl. 66 lacera x clavellata Niles, 30, 175 lactea Rich. & Gal., 251 lactiflora Hems., 247, 248 lactiflora Kranzl., 237, 251 lactiflora Reichb. f., 240 lactiflora Rich. § Gal., 12, 19, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 250, pl. 73 lactiflora var. buccalis Reichb. f., 19, 238, 240 latifola Spreng., 227 Leprieuri Reichb. f., 18, 213, 214, pl. 70 : leucophea Gray, 17, 180 leucostachys Rothr., 72 leucostachys Wats., 56, 60, 72, 103, 109, 114 limosa, Hems., 16, 102, 108, 109, 110 longifolia Lindl., 99 lucecapensis Fernald, 18, 224, 228 macroceras Spreng., 223 macroceratitis Krinzl., 220, 221 macroceratitis Willd., 18, 220, 221, 222, 2294 macroceratitis var. Ames, 18, 224 macrophylla Goldie, 16, 142, 144, 149 maculosa Lindl., 229, 230, 231 maritima Greene, 113, 114, 115 maxillaris Reichb. f., 217, 243 media Niles, 57 Menziesii Macoun, 143 mesodactyla Griseb., 17, 211, 213, 214, pl. 70 Michaelt Greene, 113, 114, 115, 117 Michauzxti Krinzl., 268 Michauxiit Nutt., 225 micrantha, 44 monorrhiza Cogn., 274 [260 monorrhiza RF. Br., 18, 229, 230, 231, multiflora Blankinship, 113, 115 nivea Spreng., 15, 52, 53 novemfida Lindl., 247, 248 nubigena Ames, 16, 100, 101, pl. 62 oblongifolia Niles, 136, 140 obtusa Lindl., 270 obtusata Richardson, 16, 125, 126, pl. 65 odontopetala Reichb. f.,6,19, 20, 257, 259, 266, 268, 271, 273 brevicalcarata [ 283 ] INDEX Oerstedii Reichb. f., 20, 271 orbiculata Goldie, 135 orbiculata Gray, 149 orbiculata Hook., 142, 149 orbiculata Torr., 16, 142, 144, 149 oreophila Greenm., 18, 228 orizabensis Rich. § Gal., 19, 249, 256, pl. 75 pauciflora Kranzl., 209, 211 pedicellata Kranzl., 57 pedicellata Wats., 72 perameena Gray, 17, 185, 186, 200, 201 petalodes var. micrantha Reichb. f.,, 20, 264 Pringlei B. L. Robinson, 18, 220, 221, 222 psychodes Spreng., 174, 184 psychodes x lacera Andrews, 193 psycodes Sw., 17, 172, 174, 184, 186, 187, 188, 193, 195, 196, 200, pl. 66 psycodes var. grandiflora Gray, 195 Purdiei Fawcett §; Rendle, 20,270,271 pyramidalis Lindl., 272 quadrata Lindl., 257, 277 quinqueseta Sw., 18, 225, 226, 227, pl. 71 racemosa Raf., 186 radicans Griseb., 217 repens Nutt., 18, 158, 216, 217 replicata Hochst., 262 replicata A. Rich., 20, 262 Richardii Ames, 16, 99, pl. 62 saccata Greene, 15, 16, 82, 92, 96, £61 Sanbornit Ames, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262 Schaffneri Wats., 12, 19, 236,237,246 Schischmareffiana Cham., 119, 121 Selerorum Schiltr., 20, 264, 265 setacea Griseb., 212, 215, 216 setacea Lindl., 229 setifera Lindl.,17, 209, 210, 211, 220, pl. 69 Simpsonii Small (= H. quinqueseta), 227 socialis Fancett & Rendle, 20, 231, 276 sparsiflora Wats., 15, 16, 56, 72, 82, 96, 99, 102, 103, 107, pl. 61 spathacea Rich. & Gal., 209, 211 speciosa Poepp. & Endl., 229 stricta Rich. d Gal., 19, 94, 257, 258, pl. 78 stricta Ridl., 94 stricta Rydb., 94 strictissima Reichb. f.,6, 20, 268, 272, 273 subauriculata Rob. & Greenm.,19,251, 252, 254, 255, pl. 77 Thurberi Gray, 72, 103, 109, 110 Thurberi var. Gray, 102, 103 tricuspis A. Rich., 217, 219 tridentata Hook., 29 triptera Reichb. f., 20, 263 troyana Fawcett § Rendle, 19,259,260, 261, 262 Tiirckheimii Schltr., 17,206, 207, 208, pl. 68 unalascensis Wats., 16, 119, 120 virens Rich. & Gal., 19, 20, 258, 271, 272, 273, pl. 78 virescens Spreng., 43 viridis R. Br., 9, 24 viridis Cham., 22 viridis var. bracteata Gray, 15, 21,92 voleanica Wats., 16, 100, 102, 107, 108, 110, pl. 62 vulcanica, 107 [ 284 ] INDEX Habenella Garberi Krinzl., 268 Helleborine Broccenbergensis Riv., 39 Herminium congestum Hook. f., 119 congestum Lindl., 119 unalaschcense Reichb. f., 119 Leucorchis albida E. Meyer, 40 lucida Fuss, 40 Limnorchis Arizonica Rydb., 109, 110 Behringiana Rydb., 91 borealis Rydb., 57 brachypetala Rydb., 80, 94, 95 brevifolia Rydb., 105 convallariefolia Rydb., 57 dilatata Rydb., 57 dilatata linearifolia Rydb., 57 dilatatiformis Rydb., 57 ensifolia Rydb., 102 foliosa Rydb., 57 Sragrans Rydb., 57, 60 gracilis Rydb., 57, 94 graminifolia Rydb., 57, 61 huronensis Rydb., 80 hyperborea Rydb., 80, 90 laxiflora Rydb., 94, 102 leptoceratitis Rydb., 57, 73 leucostachys Rydb., 72 leucostachys var. robusta, Rydb., 72 major Rydb., 80 media Rydb., 58, 80 purpurascens, Rydb., 90 sparsiflora Rydb., 102 stricta Rydb., 90, 94 Thurbert Rydb., 72, 109 viridiflora Rydb., 80 Limodorum montanum, &c., Chom., 38, 41 Lysias Hookeriana Rydb., 136 macrophylla House, 149 orbiculata Rydb., 143, 149 Lysiella obtusata Rydb., 127 Mecosa dilatata Bl., 56 Mesicera Michauxii Raf., 227 quinqueseta Raf., 227 Montolivea elegans Rydb., 113 unalaschensis Rydb., 120 Nemuranthes Habenaria Raf., 223 Neottza macrophylla Hook. f., 120 Ophyrs fimbriata Walt., 194 Orchis acuta Banks, 56, 58 agastachys Fisch., 56 albida Scop., 39 alpina Crantz, 39 alsaticus Herm., 40 bidentata Elliott, 42 bifola Forst., 143 blephariglottis Willd., 164, 165 bractealis Salisb., 21 bracteata Muhl., 21 bracteata Willd., 23, 24 bulbis indivisis, &e., L., 157, 158 bulbis palmatis, &c., Gron., 42 ciliaris L., 50, 153, 157, 165 ciliaris var. alba Michx., 165 clavellata Michx., 29, 31, 35 clavellata B tridentata Muhl., 29 convallariefolia Fisch., 56 cristata Barton, 152, 186 cristata Michx., 152, 186 crocea Raf., 49, 50 dilatata Big., 79 dilatata Pursh, 56 dolichorrhiza Fisch., 79 entomantha La Llave, 243, 245 Jimbriata Big., 186 Jissa Pursh, 185, 200 [ 285 ] INDEX fissa Willd., 185 flava L., 42, 44 - flava Nutt., 42, 49, 50 flava var. virescens Green, 42 floribus aureis, &c., Gron., 152 Floridana flore aureo, &c., Pluk., 157 foliosa Soland., 274 foliosa Spreng., 274 foliosa Sw., 274 Jfusa Nutt., 185, 200 Suscescens Gmel., 42 Suscescens L., 44, 50 Suscescens Pursh, 42 glareosa Raf., 43 gracilis Fisch., 30 grandiflora Big., 195 habenaria L., 222, 223, 227 habenaria Walt., 173, 223 herbiola Pursh, 42 Hookeri Wood, 136 huronensis Nutt., 78 hyperborea L., 78 hyperborea var. dilatata Oakes, 56 hyperborea B huronensis Wood, 79 incisa Pursh, 185, 200 incisa Willd., 185, 200 integra Nutt., 44, 49, 50, 53 Koenigit Gunn., 78 lacera Elliott, 217 lacera Michx., 173 lacera psycodes Muhl., 174 lata Walt., 142 leucophea Nutt., 181 Marilandicagrandis, &c., Ray, 157,158 nectarit labio, &c., Roy., 157, 158 nigra Nutt., 50 nivea Nutt., 52 obtusata Pursh, 127 orbiculata Pursh, 142, 147 oscillata, 32 palmata alpina, &c., Hall., 39, 41 palmata angustifolia, &c., Tourn., 38 palmata elegans Mor., 157, 158 palmata palmis inversis, &c., Loes., 38 palmata peramena, &c., Pluk., 200 palmata thyrso specioso, &c., Dill., 39 parviflora Poir., 39 psycodes L., 152, 174, 181, 185, 187 psycodes Willd., 174, 185 quinqueseta Green, 225 quinqueseta Michx., 225 radice palmata, &c., Gron., 42 radice palmata: foliis Lilu, &c., Gron., 173 radicibus, &c., Hall., 39 radicibus palmatis, &c., Gron., 42 repens Raf., 217 scutellata Nutt., 43 setacea Jacq., 229 testiculata floribus, &c., Gron., 165 tipuloides Hook., 30 tipuloides L., 30 tridentata Muhl., 29 tridentata Scop., 29 virescens Muhl., 42 virescens Zollik., 42 viridis Pursh, 22 viridis B Vaillanti Ten., 22 Marilandica spica brevi, &c., Ray, 185 | Peristylus albidus Lindl., 40 Michauxii Wood, 227 monorrhiza Sw., 229, 231 nectarii cornu, &c., Gron., 185 nectarii labio, &c., Gron., 165 bracteatus Lindl., 22 bracteatus f. major Fr. & Say., 23 Chorisianus Lindl., 133 clavellatus Krinzl., 30 [ 286 ] INDEX niveus Kranzl., 52 virescens Lindl., 8, 44 viridis var. bracteata Kurtz, 23 Perularia flava Rydb., 8, 44 JSuscescens Lindl., 44, 50 virescens Gray, 44 Piperia Coopert Rydb., 120 elegans Rydb., 113 elongata Rydb., 113 lancifola Rydb., 113, 120 leptopetala Rydb., 113 longispica Rydb., 113 maritima Rydb., 114 Michaeli Rydb., 113 multiflora Rydb., 113, 114 unalaschensis Rydb., 120 Platanthera albida Lindl., 40 bifolia Rich., 273 Bigelovii Wood, 196 blephariglottis Lindl., 165 blephariglottis var. holopetala Torr., 166 Blumii Lindl., 56 borealis Reichb. f., 56 bracteata Torr., 22 brevifolia Kranzl., 105 chlorantha Reichb. f., 268 Chorisiana Kranzl., 23 Chorisiana Reichb. f., 133 ciliaris Lindl., 157, 166 ciliaris var. blephariglottis Chapm., 166 convallariewfolia Reichb. f. 57 crispa Lindl., 186, 187 cristata Lindl., 152 cylindrica de la Pylaie, 56 dilatata Beck, 79 dilatata Lindl., 56, 259 dilatata a albiflora Ledeb., 57 dilatata var. angustifolia Hook., 56 dilatata y gracilis Ledeb., 92 dilatata B viridiflora Ledeb., 79 dolichorrhiza Reichb. f., 79 elegans Lindl., 111, 113 Jimbriata Lindl., 186, 187, 195 Jimbriata a grandiflora Hook., 195 Jimbriata B floribus minoribus Hook., 187 Jissa Lindl., 200 flava Lindl., 44 flava Wood, 50 fetida Geyer, 119 Juscescens Kranzl., 8, 44, 50 Garberi Chapm., 268 Ghiesbreghtiana Kranzl., 72 Ghiesbreghtiana Rich. & Gal., 101 gracilis Lindl., 92, 94, 95 gracilis Rydb., 57 graminea Lindl., 56, 59, 61 grandiflora Lindl., 187, 195, 201 herbiola Lindl., 8, 43, 45 holopetala Lindl., 164, 166 Hookeri Lindl., 135 Hookeri var. oblongifolia Paine, 136 huronensis Lindl., 79 hyperborea Lindl., 79 hyperborea var. genuina Reichb. f., 79 hyperborea var. graminea Reichb. f., 56 hyperborea var. leucostachys Kranzl., 72, 101, 102, 105, 109 hyperborea var. major Lange, 80 hyperborea var. minor Lange, 80 incisa Lindl., 186, 187, 196 integra Beck, 50 Koenigit Lindl., 79 lacera Don, 174 leucophea Lindl., 181 [ 287 ] INDEX leucostachys Lindl., 71, 73, 108 leucostachys Torr., 111 limosa Lindl., 109 Lindleyi Steud., 56 longifolia Rich. & Gal., 99, 100 Menziesii Kranzl., 113 Menziesti Lind., 143, 144, 145 Michauxiit Wood, 227 nubigena Rich. & Gal., 100, 101 obtusata Lindl., 127 obtusata Schur., 127 orbiculata Lindl., 143, 149 peramena Gray, 200 psychodes Lindl., 174 psycodes Darl., 201 psycodes Lindl., 186 psycodes var. grandiflora Torr., 195 repens Wood, 217 Schischmareffiana Lindl., 119 sparsiflora Kranzl., 72 sparsiflora Schltr., 102, 108 stricta Lindl., 92, 95 Thurberi var. Grayi Krinzl., 72, 102 tipuloides Hook., 30 tipuloides Lindl., 30 unalaschcensis Kurtz, 120 viridis Finet, 23 viridis var. bracteata Reichb. f., 23, 24 volcanica Lindl., 107, 108 Pseudo-Orchis alpina, &c., Mich., 39, 41 Satyrium albidum L., 39, 41 bracteale Salisb., 21 bracteatum Pers., 21 bulbis fasciculatis, &e., L., 39 erectum simplex, &c., Browne, 229 erectum, &c., Browne, 222 scanense L., 39, 41 trifidum Vill., 39 virescens Pers., 42 Sieberia albida Spreng., 39 Spiranthes bracteosa Lindl., 111 macrophylla Hook. f., 120 macrophylla Spreng., 120 unalascensis Spreng., 119, 120 Tipularia Kamtschatica Spreng., 30 Tulotis fuscescens Raf., 44 herbiola Raf., 44 7 sae ey pia i r they NY, oi heme ‘Jan a) ae la thet HM) Babess rin « P “adn P nal ‘ ‘prebhirtes el ® ' a se Thine bai at n ae ut aman Y ty, aap), Leenpate . A oo 5 tase ae oe i mn ba At tanlieatans Ward ine aban i 4} bY wes ‘ "ek Smal! 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