GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF CANADA. ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LLC, F.R.S., F.G.S., Dikectoe. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS, PART IV.-ENDOGENS. BY JOHIT MACOUX, M.A., F.L.S., F.E.S.O., Nahiral!*t to the Otoloiikal and Natural Hittory Surveii of Canada. DAWSON BROTHERS. 1888 (SX :iOi PREFACE. PAET IV. The first volume of this Catalogue of Canadian Phmts consists of three parts separately published and bearing date 1SS3, 1884 and 1886 respectively. Part I. includes the Polypetate, Part II. the Gamopetalse, Part III. the Apetaltr and Gymnosperms. Part IV., now i.s8ued, is devoted to the Endogenic, and forms the first portion of Volume II. of the Catalogue. Part V. will include the ferns and their allies with the mosses and liverworts, and it is intended in Part VI. to catalogue the lichens, fungi and seaweeds. Over 2,000 species of named cryptogamous plants, to be catalogued in Parts V. and VI., are now in the herbarium, and it is probable that the number will be raised to 2,500 before these parts are published, so that the entire work will enumerate about 5,500 species of plants (indigenous and introduced) found growing without cultivation within the limits of Canada. Since the publication of Part III. extensive collections have been made by James M. Macoun on the shores and islands of James Bay. Dr. 8. M. Dawson has made valuable and interesting notes and collections in that part of the North-West Territories bordering on Alaska. The writer spent five months collecting on Vancouverlsland and gathered much valuable information regarding its flora. That part of this addi- tional information which is aj^plicable to the Endogens is included in the present issue. In accordance with the plan adopted at the commencement of the work, I have placed myself in communication with specialists in the various orders and have had their assistance in the determining and verifying of critical or new species. As on former occasions, Dr. Sereno Watson has rendered valuable assistance, especially in the Liliacese and Juncaceffi. In the Naiadacete I have had very much help from Mr. Arthur Bennett, P.L.S., Croydon, England, and from Eev. Thomas Morong, Ashland, Mass. These gentlemen, by examination and comparison of authentic k II PREFACE. specimens, have enabled me to give a very satisfactory account of our Eiver-weeds. W. H. Beeby, A.L.S., London, England, and Mr. Morong have contributed critical notes on the Spargania of Canada Ml-. Beeby having sent my specimens to Norway in order that our northern forms might be compared with Scandinavian types. The genus Carex, as was to be expected, gave rise to many perplex- ing questions. Besides availing myself of Prof. L. H. Bailey's mono- graph of the genus, I sent him many specimens of critical .species, and have embodied in the text his remarks and occasionally his descriptions of new species and varieties. While not agreeing with him in every particular, his determinations have generally been ac- cepted as conclusive. Mr. Bennet has rendered invaluable assistance, and besides comparing my specimens with those in his own herbarium has transmitted them to Kew and to Scandinavian specialists for com- parison with the types. From his remarks it is quite evident that the correct nomenclatm-e of our northern carices is not yet settled. To the veteran botanist, Dr. Vasey, of the Agricultural Department at Washington, I am deeply indebted. For many years he has examined critical species and confirmed my determinations of the Graminese from all parts of Canada. All the species in this order are named in accordance with his catalogues, and in every case his de- cision has been taken as final. In arranging the orders and genera I have followed Bentham & Hooker's Genera Plantamm, and the authority for the genus, as given by them, I have accepted. The preparation of this portion of the Catalogue has entailed much labour, on my part, and though conscious that the results accomplished are far from perfect, I would ask the indulgent criticisms of botanists who can well appreciate the diflScul- ties of the work. JOHN JIACOUN. Ottawa, June, 1888. ENDOGENS. CII. HYDR0CHAEIDACEJ5. Frog's-Bit Familt. 585. ELODEA, Michx. Fl. I., 20. (WATER-WEED.) (2208.) E. Canadense, Planchon. Michx. Fl. I., 20. Udora Canadensis, Nutt. Gen. II., 242. U. vtrticiUata, Spreng. Hook. Fl. II., 193, AnacJiaris Canadengis, Planchon. Gray, Man. Ed. V. 495. Macoun, Cat., No. 1756. SerpiciUa occidentalis, Pureh. Fl. I., 33. Very abundant in still waters of rivers, and in lalces and ponds throughout Quebec and Ontario. Although it makes a luxuriant growth in summer, it never chokes Canadian streams, as the frosts of winter destroy it. (Macoun.) Souris River, Assiniboia. (/. M. Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, FL) 586. VALLISNERIA, Linn. Gen. 1097. (EEL-GRASS.) (2209.) V. spiralis, Linn. Hook. Fl., II., 192. V. Americana, Michx. FL II., 220. Pursh, Fl. II., 602. Not uncommon in slow-flowing rivers and shallow borders of lakes. Its range is rather wider than the last, but it is not so plentiful. In shallow water, St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Near Prince's Lodge, Halifax. (Law&on.) In a small lake near North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. {Macoun.) St. Lawrence River, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Common at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) St. Lawrence, and evevj'where common in streams inland and north- 1 2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ■ward from Prescott and Broekville. (Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte. and in all the streams and lakes discharging into it ; Scugog Elver, at Lindsay, Ont. {Jlcicoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) North shoi-e of Lake Supeiior. (Agassis.) Goie Bay, Yermont Harbor, Manitoulin Islands. (,/. Bell.) Cin. OECHIDACE^. (Orchid Family.) 587. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. Gen. II., 196. (2210.) M. monophyllos, Lindl. Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. Fl. II., 193. M. brachypoda, Gray. Ann. Lye, Xew York, III., 228. Tipvlaria discolxrr, Beck, Bot. 350. Occasional in rather damp, shady woods, but nowhere common. Little Eocher, N. B. (Fowler's Cat.) Halifax, and Bedford, K S. (Lawson & Sonvners.) South West Point, Anticosti ; along high cliffs, Gasp6 coast, nearSte. Anne des Monts. (Macmn.) Neai- Montreal. (Goldie.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Hull, Q., near Ottawa. (Hetcher, Fl. Ott.) In rich woods, not common at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Cacouna, Etver St. Lawrence, Q. ; also in Peter's Swamp, London, Ont. (Bunjess.) In swampy thickets near Castleton, cedar swamp, near Wooler, and two miles south of Pieton, Ont. ; in wet woods along Lake "Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) (2211.) M. ophioglossoides, Xutt.Gen.II. 196. Hook.Fl. II. 193. Malaxig unifolia, Michs., Fl. II., 157. M. <^hioglossoides, Pursh, Fl. II., 592. Newfoundland. {Dr. Morrison.) In several places in Kent Co., N.B., at Fredericton, Eel Eiver and Grand Like. (Fowler, Cat.) Near Bedfoi-d and at Halifax, N.S. (Lawson & Sommers.) Yery abundant in wet meadows at Louisburg, and at North Sydney, Cape Bi-eton Island ; Eiver de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Dry hills, Huckleberry Eapids, Eividi-e Eouge, Q. (D' Urban.) Dow's Swamp and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Sandy soil near Castleton and Belleville Ont ; shady woods along Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 3 (2212.) M. diphyllos, Lindl., Gen. Orch. 19. Hook. Fl. IL, 193. Ounalashka. (^Rothr. Alask.) 588. LIPARIS, Richard. (TWAYBLADE.) (2213.) L. Loeselii, Eichard. Hook. Fl. II., 194. Malaxii liliifolia, Richard. Pureli, V). II., 592 in part. In wet springy places, or on hummock.s in swamps; local but not rare. In a boggj^ meadow near Annapolis, N.S. (Macoiin & Burgess.) Bog, Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Harris Cove, Lily Lake, St. Stephen, Fredericton, Grand Lake, Kennebeccasis and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In rich woods, not common at Eivitire dii Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Dow'.s Swamp, swamp east of Beechwood, and other localities at Ottawa, not uncom- mon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet swamp east of Belleville, and on logs in a pond, Oak Hills, Hastings Co.; also on logs in a swamp near Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Peat bogs near Lo^jon, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to Carloton House Fort, Saskatche- wan. (Hooker, Fl.) 589. CALYPSO, Salisb. (CALYPSO.) (2214.) C. borealis, Salisb. Hook. Fl. II., 195. Pursh Fl. IL, 593. On moss in deep, shady woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Nova Scotia. (Menzies.) Rather common in shady woods, having been detected by many collectors in N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Jupiter River, Anticosti ; cool woods, Gasp^ Basin. (Macoun.) Along the River Ste. Anne des Monts, Q. (Porter.) Common in i-ich woods a' Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Rather rare, vicinity of Ottawa. (F etcher, Fl. Ott.) At Belleville in dry cedar swamps, and numerous other places in central Ontaiio ; also woods on Pie Island, Lake Superior, and ■around Lake Ni pigon. (Macoun.) Shore of Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Mossy bogs, Owen Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., to the northern end of Lake Winnipeg; veiy local. (J. 21. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Extremely rare in the Rocky Mountains, only noticed at Donald, 4 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Columbia Valley ; abundant in all shady woods in Britisli Columbia and Vancouver Island. (Maconn.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C^ Cassar Trail, 36 miles west of Dease Lake, B.C. (Daicson.) Sitka. {Bothr. Alask.) Canada to Bear Lake Eiver ; also from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) 590. APLECTRUM, Nutt. Gen. 11., 197. (PUTTY-ROOT.) (2215.) A. hyemale, Nutt. Hook. Fl. IL, 194. Cymbidium hyemale, Pursh, Fl., II., 593. Corallorhiza hiemalis, Nutt, Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 139. Eather rare in rich woods. Beechwood, near Ottawa, (i^ Col. Wiyi. WAz CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 5 Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) In swamps at the Kananaskis, close to Bow Eiver, Rocky Mountains ; Telegi-aph Trail, B.C. ; slope of Mount AiTowsmith, Yancouvcr Island, alt. 3,500 feet. {Macoun.) Dean or Salmon Eiver, B.C. Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 61°, X.WT. {Dawson.) Kotzbue Sound and Ounalaska. (Bothr. Alask.) Lake Huron ; through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan Eiver. {Hooker. Fl.) Greenland. {Lange.) .(2217.) C. odontorhiza, Nutt. Journ. Acad. Thil. HI. 137. C WiKteriana, Conrad. Journ. Acad. Phil. VI., 145. Cymbidinm Odontorhizon, Pursh, Fl. II., 51(3. Ophrys corallorhiza, Michx., Fl. II., 158. The occurrence of this plant in any part of Canada, except in south- -western Ontario, is still a matter of doubt, as all the specimens hitherto supposed to be this species, except from that district, have proved to be C. innata. Three-mile House woods, near Halitax, N.S. {So7nmers.) "Woods along Lake Erie, Norfolk Co., Ont. (Dr. Nichol.) Papineau ■woods, near Montreal, 1822. {Dr. Holmes.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) 5218. C. multiflora, Xutt. Journ. Acad. Phil. III., 138. Hook. Fl. II., 194. C. innata, Nutt Gen. 11., 194. Eich, shady woods, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) North Woods, near Annapolis, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Campbellton, N. B. (Chalmers.) Eathcr common in Kent Co., also at St. John, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Eich woods, Eivi6re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Beechwood and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (BilUngs.) Under evergreens in woods at Castleton, Seymour, Brighton, Picton, and Belleville, also at Owen Sound, the Pic and Nipigon rivers, and along the east shore of Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Woods, not common, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound and Cockburn Islands, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) On mountain slopes among hemlock, at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Mountain slopes Crow Nest Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Woods near Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) On the flanks of Mount Pinlayson, also in woods at Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Flowering in May while Mertensiana is only in full flower in July. 6 GEOLOGICAL SUTlVEr OF CANADA. (2219.) C. Mertensiana, Bong. Veg. Sitcha,47; Hook.Fl.II., 194. Coniferous woods west of the Eocky Mountains ; Telegraph Trail, B.C.; woods around Jlount Finlayson, and very abundant on the flanks of Mounts Arrowsmith and Mark, and on the portage fronj Qualicum to Alberni, VaBCOUver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity or Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Salmon Eivei-, B.C. ; also Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Bothr. Alask.) (2220.) C. Striata, Lindl. Orch. 534. C. Macraei, Gray. Man. Ed. V.,510, Macoun's Cat., No. 1799. Very local and very rare, though it has a wide range. Caledonia; Springs, Ont. (Macrne.) Beechwood, Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Olt.} Eenfrew, Ont. (Eei\ C. J. Young.) Eocky woods along North Eiver, about four miles above Eound Lake, Peterboro Co., Ont., also on the top of the high bank below the C.P.E. bridge, Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) Woods, London, very rare, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) North, shore of Lake Supei'ior. (Agassiz.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) In a swanjp at the Kananaskis, Bow Eiver Pass and at the summit, of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. Not uncommon at Oak Bay and ia woods around Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 592. LISTERA, R. Br. (TWAYBLADE.) (2221.) L. cordata, E. Br. Hook. Fl. IL, 204. Ophrys cordata, Michx. Fl. 11., 158. Not uncommon in cool woods from the Atlantic to the Pacific^ Newfoundland and Labrador. (Br. Morrison.) Pictou, N.S., and Cape Breton Island. (McKay.) Truro, N.S. (Lyndsaij.) North Mountain near Annapolis, and Pu'ate's Cove, Gut of Canso, N.S. ; also woods North Sydney, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibou- guacand Dorchester, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bald Mountain, Tobique Eiver, N.B (Bay.) Portland, N.B. (Matthews.) Ste. Anne des Moats Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) Eich woods, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. ( Thomas.) Swamp at the foot of the Oak Hills, Hastings Co., also in a swamp near Owen Sound, Ont. ; very abundant in woods north of Otter Head, and at Cm-rent Eiver, Lake Superior ; One-mile portage Nipigon Eiver, and Logan's Island, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in mountain woods from Silver City through the mountains to the coast, and common everywhere ia CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 7 cool woods on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.') Salmon Eiver, and Iltasyouco Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalaska. (Rothr. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Straits of De Fuca to Alaska. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2222.) L. convallarioides, Nutt. Hook. Fl. n., 204. L. EschBcholziana, Cham. Linnsea III., 33. Epipaclis conwllanoide>, Pursh, Fl. 11., 591. Not very common but extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific through the cool forest region. Dalhousie, X. S. (McKay.) North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S., and in damp woods at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton Island. (Macoun & Burgess.) On the brink of a densely shaded brook, near the Manse, Bass River, Upper St. John and Madawaska rivers, also near Campellton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dal- housie, N.B. (Chalmers.) Nashwaaksis, N.B. ( Froom.) Woods along the Gaspd coast and in woods up the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Rich woods, Eivi6re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Hil- ton, near Owen Sound, and Cockburn Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (R. Belt.) Shore of Lake Huron, near Wiarton, woods near Current Eiver, along the north- east coast, and on Pie Island, Lake Superior ; in wet woods along Lake Winnipogoosis, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) O.xfbrd House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Common in the Eoeky Mountains, from the Kananaskis to Donald on the Columbia ; abundant on the mountains on Vancouver Island and at Cameron and Home Lakes. (Macoun.) Ounalaska. (Rothr. Alask.) Near Que- bec and Lake Huron ; also in shady woods in mountain swamps at the base of the Rocky Mountains; on the north-west coast at Clarence Straits and Ounalaska. (Hooker, Fl.) 593. SPIRANTHES, Richard. LADIES TRESSES.) (2223.) S. latifolia, Torr. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 504. S. planlaginea, Torr. Fl. N. York, 11., 284. Occasionally in damp, grassy places. Titusville, Andover, North Mountain, Tobique and Eel rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Windsor, N.S. (Howe.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) In a marshy meadow at Belle- ville; rich, moist woods at Niagara Falls, Ont. (Macoun.) Gravelly river flat, London ; Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) 8 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. {2224.) S. Romanzoviana, Chamisso. S. cemua, Rich. Hook. Fl. II., 202 in part. Not uncommon on wet sand or in bogs, along rivers and lakes from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland, (i?. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (^Sev. A. Waghorne.) Pictou, Truro and •Sandpoint, N.S. ; Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (So7nmers, Cat.) Siscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Magdalen Islands. (Richardson.) Koucbibouguac, Eichibucto, Carapbellton, King's and St. John's Go's., N.B. (Fmcler, Cat.) South West Point, Anti- costi ; Big Swamp, Murraj-, shore of Lake Ontario at Presqu'ile Point, also shore of Lake Huron at Ked Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Mrs. Saunders.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and on Charlton Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) GoJ's Lake, N. E. of Lake Winnipeg (E. Bell.) Bow Eiver valley at Calgary, and rather common in sand along the Bow Eiver at Silver City, Eocky Moun- tains ; also in Beaver Creek valley, at Six Mile Creek, Selkii-k Moun- tains; common at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, and at Home Lake and Alberni, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) New Westminster, B.C. ^Fletcher.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Ounalaska. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) .(2225.) S. cernua, Eichard. Hook. Fl. II., 202, in part. Neottia cemva, Pursb, Fl. II., 589. Ophrys cemua, Michs., Fl. 11., 158. , The limits of this and the preceding species are not very well de- fined, and references to this form may in realitj- belong to the next. Dartmouth and Halifax, N.S. (Lawson & Sommers.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Lobster Bay; Long Point, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) In the neighbor- hood of bogs, Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Cote St. Paul, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Lake Flora, Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist ground west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) The Dell, Ancaster, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Boggy meadow near the Hop Yard, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Peter's Swamp, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Drummond Island and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) (2226.) S. gracilis, Bigelow. Hook. Fl. II., 202. Open woods and grassy slopes, not uncommon, but local. Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Truro and at Oyster Ponds, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Abundant along the railway cuttings at Truro, N.S. {Macoun.) Eoadside, Pictou, N.S. (Burgess.) Caledonia, Guysboro CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. V Co., X.S. (Faribault.) Baie Verte and Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lobster Eay ; Little Eiver, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Aylmer, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eocky woodlands \yest of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Sandy soil in woods, vallcj' of the Humber, Toronto. (Burgess.) Sandy plains at Castleton, Ont. ; also along Lake Huron, at Eed Bay, and abundant in swamps along White Eiver, north of Lake Superior, and also at Eainy Lake, Ont. (Macoun.) Obser- vation Point, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) From Lake Huron to Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) A, R. Br. RATTLESNAKE-PLANTAIN.) <2227.) C. repens, E. Br. Hook. Fl. IL, 203. Neottia repens, Pursli, Fl. II., 5S9. Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. IL, 157, in jiart. ' Eather common in cool mossy woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Pirate Cove and Annapolis, N.S. {Burgess & Macoun.) Very common throughout the forests of New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Mary's Eiver and other points, Anti. costi ; also woods along the GaspiS coast, Q. (Macoun.) Slopes of Mount Albert, Gasp(5. (Porter.) Vicinity of Quebec and Island of Orleans, Q. (Thomas.) Stewarton, near Ottawa, and Eastman's Springs, Ont. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamps throughout all the northern counties of Ontario and extending westerly to the Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Blood Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, and abundant between that lake and Lake Mistassini. (J. M. Macoun.) Between Pine Eiver and Dunvegan, Peace Eiver. (Dawson.) Not uncommon in northern Manitoba and in the foot-hills of the Kocky Mountains, at tho Kananaskis. (Macoun.) Mountain woods of the Eocky Moun- tains, and from the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin. (Hooker, Fl.) (2228.) C. pubescens, E. Br. Hook., Fl. IL, 204. NcoUia pubescens, Pursh, Fl. II., 590. Satyrium repens, Michx., Fl. II., 157, in part. Eather rare. Always prefers dry woods in Ontario. Newfound- land. (Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Wag- horne.) Salmon Eiver, Truro, and Canso, Guysboro Co. (Sommers, Cat.) The above references probably belong to the preceding species. (Macoun.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Lake, N.B. (Hay.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, Q. (St. Cyr.) Gravelly and rich woods, Sey- 10 GEOLOGICAL SCRVET OF CANADA. mour, Northumberland Co. ; Belleville, and near the Oak Hills, Hast^ ings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sulphur Spring, Ancaster, Ont. (Logie.) St. Joseph Island, Gore Bay, and Thompson Point, north of Lake Huron. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior; on good_ soil. (R. Bell.) Eich woods, London, and Parry Sound, Ont. (^Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) (2229.) C. Wlenziesii, Lindl. Orchid., 492. Sjfirantiies decipiens, Hook., Fl. II., 203. Eich woods, taking the place of G. pubescens west of Lake Huron. Lake Huron. (Goldie.) Lake Simcoe, Ont. {Drummond.) Manitoulin Island. (Mrs. Saunders.) Woods, Iklanitoultn Islands, and at Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Eather common along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Eange ; also abundant in all evergreen woods throughout Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Flathead Eiver, B.C., and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Near the sources of the Columbia Eiver, Eocky Mounting. (Drumvwnd.) 595. ARETHUSA, Linn. Gen. 1014. (ARETHUSA.) (2230.) A. bulbosa, Linn. Hook., Fl. If., 201; Pui-sh, Fl. II., 590.. Peat bogs, common eastward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Jtev. A. Waghorne.) Halifox and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Peat bog. North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; also in a bog at North Sydney coal mine. Capo Breton. (Macoun k Burgess.) Glenelg, GuysboroCo., N.S. (Faribault.) Eichibucto, Fredericton, Norton, Chipman, and Musquash, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. (Vroom.) Very rare in Gomin's woods and swamp near Quebec. (Thomas.) Swamp at Three Eivers, Q., 1822. (Dr. Holmes.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland, Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Mossy- bogs, Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. Vei-y rare. (Burgess.) 596. CALOPOCON, R. Br. CALOPOGON.) (2231.) C. pulchellus, E. Br. Hook., Fl. IL, 202. Cymbidium pukheUum, Pursh, FL 11., 592. Limodorum tuberosum, Michx., Fl. II., 1.59. Peat bogs, not common. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 11 Mahone Bay, N.S. ; Cape Broton. (Sommers, Cat.) Abundant in a peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun& Burgess.) Smith's bog, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) -Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Peat bogs, Eichibucto, Kouchibouguac, and Day's mills^ N.B. (Foivler, Cat.) St. Henri, L^vis Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Common at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Abundant in bogs near the Indian village, Eivi^re Eouge, Q. (B' Urban.) Savanne, near Mon- treal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Bogs; abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bay, west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co.; border of a lake near Mar- mora village, and in a swamp, Huntingdon, North Hastings; also shore of Lake Huron, at Chicken Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Westminster Ponds and mossy bogs, London, Ont. (Burgess. MlUman.) 597. POCONIA, Juss. Gen. 05. (POGONIA.) (2232.) P. ophioglossoides, Ker., Bot. Reg. 148. Hook.,. Fl. IL, 201. Arelhvjta ophioglossoides, Purah, Fl. II., 590; Miclix., F). II., 159- Peat bogs, not common in Ontario. Newfoundland. (Dr. Morrison.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Pictou and Mahone Bay, N.S. ; Capo Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) In a peat bog at North Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Scarce about Eichibucto and Fredericton ; abundant at Tomlinson's Lake ; at Clifton, Andover, and Tay's mills, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Chai-les, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) In a swamp at Three Rivers, Q., 1822. (Dr. Jlolvies.) Common in bogs near the Indian Village, Eivi^re Rouge, Argonteuil Co , Q. (D' Urban.) Rare at Quebec, in Gomin's woods. (Thomas.) Peat bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; swamp, Dummer, Petor- boro Co., and at Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; swamp and marsh, at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Bog at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Westminster Ponds, London Ont. (Saunders. Millman.) Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Out. (Burgess.) (2233.) P. pendula, Lindl. Hook., Fl. IL, 202. Triphora penditla, Nutt, Gen. II., 193. Arelhusa pendula, Pursh, Fl. II., 590. A.parviflora, Michx., U. II., 160. Damp woods, Canada. (Goldie vide Hooker.) We have never seen a Canadian specimen of this species. It should be looked for in south, western Ontario. . 12 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2234.) P. verticillata, Nutt. Gen. II., 192. Arethusa verticiUata, Pursh, FL II., 591. A. medeoloidcf, Pursh, Fl. II., 591. Low damp woods, Komoka, Ont. ; rare. (Burgess. Millman.) 598. EPIPACTIS, R. Br. <2235.) E. gigantea, Dougl. Hook., Fl. II., 202. E. Americana, Lindl., Orchid. 462. Under evergreens, at Osoyoos Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) 599. ORCHIS, Linn. Gen. 1009. (ORCHIS.) <2236.) O. spectablis, Linn. Hook., Fl. IL, 195 ; Pursh, Fl. IL 587. 0. humiiis, Michx., Fl. II., 155. Eich low woods, rather rare. Keswick, and at Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gomin's wood, Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Stewart's bush and other locali- ties near Ottawa, not uncommon. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Miriwin's woods and elsewhere around Pi-escott, Ont. ; common. (Billings.) Eich woods near Belleville, Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton and Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2237.) O. aristata, Fisch. Hook., Fl. II., 195. 0. lalifolia, Linn. Rothrock's Alaskan Plants, 456. Ounalashka. (Chamisso vide Hooker.) (2238.) O. rotund ifolia, Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. CXIV., 72. Pui-sh, Fl. IL, 5SS. Habenaria roiundifolia, Rich. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 500, Macoun, Cat., No. 1773. Platanthtra rulundifolia, LindL Orchid. 2S6. Occasionally met with in peat bogs ; commoner westwai-d. Eivi^re de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) In damp woods near Eivi^i-e du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Cyr.) Very abundant in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. Dow's f*wamp, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; also South CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 13 Twin Island, James Bay. (<7. M. Macoun.) Moose Factoiy, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Lake Winnipeg. (Back.) Slopes of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Damp wood.s. Lake Win- nipegoosis ; in the foot-hills at Morley and westward to Silver City, Eocky Mountains; also in a bog on the Rocky Mountain Portage, Peace Eiver Canon, lat. 5(i°, and at McLeod's Lake, B.C., lat. 53°. (Macoun.) Bantf, Eocky Mountain. (Prof. Fowler.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Br. Rae.) Greenland. (Lange.) 600. HABENARIA, Willd. Spec. IV., 44. (REIN-ORCHIS.) (2239.) H.tridentata, Hook., Ex. Fl. 81. Platanthcra tipulmiks, Lindl., Orchid, 285. Gijmnadenia (?) Iridentaki, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 195- Orchis tridentata. Pursh, Fl. II., 586. 0. davelkUa, Michx., Fl. II., 155 ; Pursli, Fl. II., 586. Peat bogs and borders of lakes. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.} New Harboi-, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Brigus, Newfound- land. (R. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Truro, and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Wet slopes, Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common in Kent Co. ; also St. John Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Black Lake, on King's Mountain, Chelsea, P.Q. ; rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Hooper's Lake, North Hastings ; tamarac swamp near Norah's Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Border of the marsh at Mill- grove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Mossy bogs, London and Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) Lake Hui-on. (Hooker, Fl.) (2240.) H. virescens, Spreng. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 499. Platanthera Jlava, Gray. Sill. Journ. XXXVII., 308. P. herbiola, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II , 197. Orchis fuscescens, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. Wet places along Crow Eiver at Marmora, Hastings Co. ; on Ship Island, Gull Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; also eleven miles up the Kamin- istiqua Eiver, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic.) In low ground, London ; rare; also on Moon River, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Between Norway House and Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) 14 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2241.) H. bracteata, E. Br., Hort. Kew.(Ed.2) V., 192. H. viridis, K. Br., Var. bracteata, Reichenbach, Macoun, Cat No- 1775. Periftylis bractealus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Orchis bracteata, Pursh, Fl. II., 587. In grassy woods and meadows. Taborville, Petitcodiac, Havelock, and Tobique Forks, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common in woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans. (,S(. Cyr.) Swamps and by rivers, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Observed in several places along the Eiviere Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D'Urban.) Not uncommon near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. {Billings.) Occasional all over the coun- ties of Prince Edward, Hastings, and Northumberland, Ont., but never abundant. (Macoun.) Mountain near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods, London, Ont. ; also at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.- MiUman.) Rather common in many places on the Great Plains, extending to Canmore, in the Eocky Mountains and appearing again at Donald, Columbia Valley; along the Telegraph Trail, lat. 5.5°, B.C.; also occasionally met with near Victoria and Goldsti-eam, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Calgary, Alberta. (Prof. Fowler.) Sitka and Ounalaska. (Both. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg. (Back.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and to swamps in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2242.) H. Chorisianus, Lindl. Platanilwra Cliormanus, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 201. Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2243.) H. hyperborea, E.Br. Eich., App. II , 33. Platanlhera hyperborea, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. P. Hurunemh, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 198. P. Konigii, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. Orchis hyperborea, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. Abundant in bogs, and extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Benton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghonie.) Labrador. (Butler.) Harris Cove, Andover, and Upper St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N. B. (Chalmers.) Peat bog. Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Common in woods at Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thickets, east of Prescott, Ont. (Billings,) Peat bogs and swamps, general throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Sulphur spring, Ancaster, near Hamilton, • Ont. (Logie.) Wet shady woods, London, and Southampton, Ont. .(Burgess.) St. Joseph's Island, Drummond Island, and Thompson's CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 15 Point, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Abundant around Lake Superior and along the Dawson route to the Red River. {Macotin.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Kcewatin ; Cbarlton Island and -■" The Twins," James Bay. (/. M. Macoun) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Eayden.) Between Lake Winnipeg and York Factory. {R. Bell.) Cy])res8 llills and Calgai-y, .\lberta. (J. M. Macoun.) FortEliice, Long Lake, and Hand Hills, N.W.T. {Macoun.) Belly Eiver, 49th pai'allel. Rocky Mountains. (Burgess. Millman.) Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains. {Dauson.) Abundant in swamps and mountain meadows from Morley westward through the Rocky Moun- tains to the Selkirk summit. (Macoun.) Quesnel Lake, B.C., alt. 2,200 feet, (Bounian.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) From the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin ; also Ounalashka. (Hooker, Fl.) Green- land. (Lange.) (2244.) H. gracilis, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIL, 276. Plalniilhira (jnwilis, Lindi. Hook., II., 198. P. flrkta, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. North West America. (Menzies.) . Abundant in damp woods and along wooded slopes of Mount Arrowsmith and Mount Mark, at Qualicum and Alberni, and occasionally in swamps in the interior of Vancouver Island (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North West coast of America. (Douglas.) (2245.) H. sparsiflora, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., XIL, 276. Plalanlhcra ijram'mea, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Both this and the above species look like H. hyperborea, but they are easily distinguished by the spur, which in the former is saccate, and in the latter is quite long and slender. (Macoun.) North West coast. (3'Ienzics.) (2246.) H. dilatata, Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, UL, 231. Platanthera dilntata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. XL, 198. Orchis dilatata, Pursh, Fl. IL, 588. Rather common in bogs from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Eev. A. Waghome.^ Very abundant in a wet meadow at Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Common in swamps and bogs at Kouchibouguao, Lily Lake, Campbelton, Tobique and Eel rivers, Chipman, and between Pabineau and Grand Falls, on the Nepisiquit, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Rivi^j-e de Brig and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; also Mount Albert, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands. Q. (St. Cyr.) 16 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Mountain swamp, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather common in swamps throughout central Ontario, and abundant aroand Lake Superior and on the Island of Michipicotin. (Macoun.) Mossy bogs, London, Ont. {Burgess Millman.) Drummond Island and Thompson's Point, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, X.E.T. {J. JI. Macoun ) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Eed Deer Eiver, and along the flanks of the Porcupine Mountain, iian. ; rather common in the Eocky Mountains, from Morley westward to Hector. {Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Lake Lindeman, Yukon River, lat. 60°. (Schicatka.) Throughout Canada fi-om Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. {Hooker, Fl.) (224T.) H. leucostachys, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XII., 276. Platantlura hucoslachy.% Lindl., Fl. II., 198. In exactly the same habitat as the preceding, but with larger, whiter and longer spurred flowers. Swamps at Donald and Beaver Creeks Columbia Valley- ; quite common in swamps at Victoria, Nanaimo, Alberni and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Tan^-abunkut Lake, B.C. {Daicson.) (2248.) H. obtusata, Eich. App. Ed. IL, 33. PlatanVura ohtumta, Lindl. Hook., Fl. 11., 196. Orchu obtumta, Pursh, Fl. II., 5S8. Common in cool mossy woods throughout the forest region to British Columbia. New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. Waghome.) Labrador. {Butler.) Tvuro, ^ .S. {Laicson.) Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Campbellton and Bald Mountain ; also St. John Co. and Tobique Eiver, X.B. {Fowler, Cat.) North Sydney, Cape Breton ; South "West Point, Anticosti ; Little Fox Eiver, Gasp^, Q. {Macoun.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gasp^. {Porter.) Mingan Islands, Q. {St. Cyr.) Peat bogs. Sturgeon Point, Ont. {Burgess.) Bogs at Stui-geon Lake, Ont. (Mrs. Saunders.) St. Joseph and Drummond Islands, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Cedar swamps at Belleville and Castleton, also at Owen Sound, Ont. ; abundant at Kakabeka Falls. Current Eiver and Pie Island ; Nijiigon Eiver, and westward along the Dawson road to the Lake of the Woods. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Charlton Island and Fort George, James Bay ; also Cypress Hills, Alberta. {J. M. Macoun.) Damp woods. Lake Winnipegoosis and Porcupine Mountain, Man.; in the foot-hills, from Morley westwai-d through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia valley ; also at Fort McLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. {Macoun.) Gatcho liake, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN' PLANTS. 1*7 B.C. (Dawson.) Kotzebue Sound. (Sothr. Alas/;.) Between Port Churchill and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Rae.) Nova Scotia. Cape Torment, near Quebec, west to Carleton House Fort, on the Saskatchewan and alpine swamps of the Eocky Mountains, and thence to Bear Lake and Fort Franklin ; North West coast and Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, FL) (2249.) H. elegans, Bolandcr. Cat. PI. San. Fran. 29. Platantltera eUgans, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II.,196. Rich or gravelly woodlands ; confined to the west coast. Flowering late. This form may be easily distinguished from the next by the long spur. Eatber rare near Victoria, Vancouver Island, but fi-equent in the woods at Nanaimo and northwards to Qualicum, and Home Lake where it is common on gravelly soil. (Macoun.) (2250.) H. Unalaschcnsis, Watson. Proc. Am. Acad., XIL, 277. H.fwlida, Watson. Bot. King E.xp., V. 341 ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1765. Platanthera Schischmarijjiana, Liudl- Hook., Fl. II., 197. Very rare eastward but abundant on the west coast. Open gravelly woods, Jupiter Kiver, Anticosti; also on the Fishing Islands, Lake Huron ; on gravel of a mountain torrent at the " Gap," Rocky Moun- tains ; very abundant on Mount Finlayson and the other mountains around Goldstroam, and on gravelly soil at Qualicum, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. Flowering early. (Macoun.) Vicinity of McLeod's Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Ounalashka. (Hook. Fl.) (2251.) H. Menziesii, Lindl. Gen. Orch., 286. Platanthera Uenziesii, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 197. North West coast. (Meyuies vide Hooker.) (2252.) H. Hookeri, Torr. Gray. Ann. Lye. N. York, IH., 229. Platanthera Hookcrl, Lindl. Hook., Fl. 11., 196. H. orbiculata, Hook. Ex. Fl. 145. Cool and damp woodlands and borders of swamps. Windsor, Dart- mouth and Elmsdale, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pii-ate's Cove, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Kouchibouguac, Kingston, Kent Co. ; Grand Lake and Salmon River, also Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. (Vroom.) Lake Tamiscouata, Q. (Ami.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Neighborhood of Ottawa ; very common. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Moist thicket west of Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Damp woods, Oak Hills, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Hamilton, 2 18 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Ont. (Logie.) Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Two Heart Eiver, north of Lake Huron, and on the Michipicotin Eiver and Oba Lake, and river north of Lake Superior. {B. Bell.) Var. oblongifolia, J. A. Paine. This form, as its name indicates, has oblong instead of oi-bicular leaves. Grows in similar situa- tions. North Mountain. Annapolis, N.S. (Macmtn.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Chelsea Mountain, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2253.) H. orbiculata, Torr. Compend. 318. H macrophylla, Goldie. Edin. Phil. Journ., YI., 331. Ptatanthera orbiciUata, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 196. Orchis orbiciUata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. - Eich shady woods, not uncommon but abundant nowhere. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Halifax, Mount Dalhousie, Truro, Clam Harbor and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Som- mers, Cat.) North Mountain, N.S. (Burgess.) Whj-cocogmah, Cape Breton. (Maconn.) Bass Eiver, Loch Lomond, Ncpisiquit Lakes, Eel Eiver, Clifton and Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, G-aspe coast. (Macoun. Porter.) Mountain swamp and Portage des Gres, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Abundant in woods along the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa; rather rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Near Albion Mills, Ont. (Logie.) Under clumps of pines, English's woods, London, Ont. (Saunders.) Eich woods. Parry Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Hilton, Drummond Islands, and Cock- burn Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) Woods near Belleville, and at the Oak Hills Hastings Co. ; also at Castleton, Brighton, and Campbellford, Northum berland Co., Ont. ; woods, Lake Nipigon and at Kakabeka Falls, near Lake Superior; Swan Lake House, and on the banks of the Eed Deer Eiver, Lake Winnijjegoosis, Man. ; rich woods along the Columbia Eiver at Donald, B. C. (Macoun.) "West to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2254.) H. ciliaris, E. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 192. Platanthcra ciliaris, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis ciliaris, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. Michx. Fl. II., 156. Low sandy soil, near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Canada. (Goldie.) Apparently very rare in Ontario. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 19 <2255.) H. blephariglottis, Toir. Compend. 317. Platanlhcra bkpharigluttif:, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. P. holopetala, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 199. Orchis blephariglottis, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. We include the variety holopetala in the species as om- knowledge is too limited to separate them. Peat bogs, apparently rare. New- foundland. (Miss Brenton.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. Waghome.) Halifax and Bedford, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Bogs, Pictoa Co, N.S. 1885. {Robert.) Kouchibouguac, Maryland road, near Fiedericton; Tay's mills, York Co., andChipman, N.B. {Fouler, Cat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Bogs in Gomin's woods, near Quebec. {Thomas.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Peat bogs, Lake Island, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) (2256.) H. leucophaea, Gray, Man. Ed V., 502. Orchis leucophiea, Xutt Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Moist meadows and bogs, abundant at Baddeck and Noi-th Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun.) Gomin's woods, Quebec. {Thomas.) Island of Orleans. {St. Cyr.) Millgrove, near namilton, Ont. {Logie.) Mossy woods, London, Ont. {Burgess.) (2257.) H. lacera, R. Br. Hort. Kew. {Ed. 2) V., 193. Platanthera psycodes, Lindl. Hook., Fl. II., 200. Orchis paycodes, Pursh, Fl. II., 585. 0. lacera, Michs., Fi. II., 156 ; Pursh, Fl. II., 586. Eich damp woods, rare and local. Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. {Sonxmers, Cat.) Meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Kouchibouguac; Petitcodiac and Hampton; common between AuLac and Port Elgin, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Rich woods near the hop yard, Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Peat bogs, Westminster Ponds, near Jjon- don, Ont. (Burgess.) (2258.) H. psycodes, Gray. Manual Ed. V., 502. - Platanthera fimlmata, Lindl. Var. ji. Hook. Fl. II., 200. P. incim, Lindl. Hook., FI. II., 200. Orchis fimhriata, Pursh, Fl. II., 588. 0. incisa, Pursh, Fl. II., 589. Moist woods and swamps, common in certain localities. Newfound- land. {Miss Brenton.) Windsor, Bedford, Pictou, Truro, and at the Straits of Canso, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Wet meadows at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common in wet meadows and bogs, Kent Co. ; 20 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. also at Norton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Nictaa Lake, KB. (-Hay.) Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Point Fame and Fox Eiver, Gaspc coast, Q. (Macoun.) Harbor Island, Mingan Islands ; and Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Verrill.) Swamp at Beechwood, and other places near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Swamp east of Belleville, and in numerous places in North Hastings and at Marmora and Myersburg, in Northumberland Co. ; also on the shore of Chicken Bay, Lake Huron, Ont. (Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) In swampy soil at London, Ont. ; common (Burgess. Millman) Owen Sound, Drummond Island, Thompson's Point, and McLood's Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. BAl.) Sault Ste. Marie. (R. Bell.) Fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Eainy Eiver, North Western Ontario. (Dawson.) (2259.) H. flmbriata, R. Br. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 193. Plalanthm jhnbi-tala, LiniW. Var. a. Hook. Fl. II., 200. Low meadows and swamps ; rare. Meadow's, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Bass River, N.B. ; rare. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B., 1884. (Hay.) Ste. Anne de la Parade, Champlain Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Abundant in low swampy ground, River Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Gregory's meadows, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Land's farm, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) 601 CYPRIPEDIUM, Linn. Gen. 1015. (LADY'S SLIPPER.) (2260.) C. arietinum, R. Brown. Hort. Kew. (Ed. 2) V., 222. Cedar and tamarack swamps, usually on hummocks. Saguenay Eiver. Q. (Scott.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Dow's swamp, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in the big swamp, Murra}-, Northumberland Co.; also in a swamp at the base of the Oak Hills, and in pine woods two miles north of Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Portage of the Grand Rapid of the Saskatchewan, Man. (Hooker, Fl.) (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. Linn., Soc. Trans. I., 77 ; Pui-sh, Fl. II., 594. C Cakeolw, Michx., Fl. II., 161. Eather common in swamps in Ontario. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Eestigouche Co. ; also Tobique, near Pokiok, N.B. (Fowler, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 21 <7af.) Anticosti and Mingan Islands. ( Verrill.) Eiver de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Br. Holmes.') Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Cedar swamp north-west of Prescott, Ont. ; I'are. {Billinijs.) Swamps near Belleville; also in the big swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Moun- tain side beyond Mr. Bridge's house, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Cedar swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Komoka, Ont. (Millman.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Water Hen Eiver, Lalie Winnipegoosis, and on the Assiniboine River, at the Grand Valley, Man. ; also at the Kananaskis bridge, C.P.R., Eocky Moun- tains. (Alacoun.) Throughout Canada to Lake Winnipeg and the Eocky Mountains. {Hookrr, Fl.) (2262.) C. pubescens, Swartz. Hoolc, Fl. II., 205; Pmsh, Fl, II., 594. C. parviflorum, Ait. Bot. Mag. t, 911 (non U'illd.) Common in swamps, and often on banks i n woods. Port Mulgrave, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Ball.) Truemansville, N.S. (Trueman.) Gallo- way, near Eichibucto ; rather rare; Edmunton, and common at And- over, N.B. (Fowler. Cat.) Campbeliton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Swamps along the Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) In wet places, Eivi6re du Loup, Q. (Tlvomas.) St. Charles Island, Mingan. (Ht. Cyr.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Near Lake St. Jean, Wentworth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Hull, Q. ; Little Chaudiero, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods and swamps. Hastings, Prince Edward and Northumberland Go's., Ont. (Macoun.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Cockburn Island, Georgian Bay. (/. Bell.) East side of La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) London, Ont., and Emerson, Man. {Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T.,andMissinaibi Eiver, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Echimamish Eiver, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) In swamps along Lake Winnipegoosis, and abundant on the prairie and in thickets throughout Manitoba, and westward to the base of the Eocky Moun- tains at Kananaskis, C.P.E. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2263.) C. spectabile, Salisb. Linn., Trans. L,'78; Hook., Fl. IL, 204. Piirsh.Fl. II., 594. C Canadense, Michx., Fl. II., IGl. C. album. Ait. Kew. (Ed. 1) III., 303. Cedar and tamarack swamps, often abundant. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) St. John Co.; Eestigouche; York ana Castleton Go's.; Andover and 11 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Tobique Eiver. {FoicUr.Cai.) Nicolet, Q. {St. Cyr.) Mountain swamp, Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Dow's swamp and Experimental Farm, Ottawa, abundant. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills, Iforth Augusta, and common in bogs northward from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in many swamps in Hastings, Prince Edwai-d and Northumberland Go's., Ont. ; also at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron- (Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton. Ont. (Logie.) Westminster Ponds ; and swamps, London ; also abundant at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) Thompson's Point, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) (2264.) C. acaule, Ait. Kew. (Ed. l.)Iir., 161; Michx.Fl.n., 161. C. humiU, Pursh, Fl. II., 595 ; Hook., Fl. II.. 204. In swamps and pine or sandy woods ; frequent. Xewfoundland. (Miss Brenion.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (JRev. A. Waghome.) Windsor ; North West Arm, Halifax ; Pictou and Guysboro, N.S. (Sommers. Cat.) North Mountain, Annapolis, and at Kingston, N.S. (white variety.) Halifax. (Macoun & Burgess.) Rather common, Black Eiver, Northumberland Co. ; Fi-edericton ; Lily Lake ; St» Francis Eiver, N.B. (white variety.) (Fowler, Cat.) Lake Temls- couata, Q. (Ami.) Outchechow, and Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) In woods at Eiviere da Loup, Q. (Thomas.) On gneiss rocks and sand, Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Lake Flora, near Hull, and in a swamp at Beechwood, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp near Heck's mills, near Prescott, Ont. (Bdlings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Evergreen woods and Westminster Ponds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Milhnan.) Not uncommon in swamps through- out Hastings, Addington, Northumberland and Peterboro Go's., Ont, ; also on St. Ignace Island, and at the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) From Canada to Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) (2265.) C. montanum, Dougl. Lindl., Orchid, 528. C. occidenlale, Watson. Macoun Cat., Xo. 1801. Exclusively western and confined to the Pacific slope. Occasionally met with at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; also on the Eraser Eiver, at Fort George, B.C. (Macoun.) Okanagan Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) "Woods near Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. (King.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2266.) C- passerinum, Eich. Hook., Fl. II., 205. C. piirriflorum, Rich. App. Ed. I., *10. On wet sand and in swamps ; rare. Near Moose Factory, James CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 23 Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Charlton Island, James Bay. (,/. M. Macoun.) On wet sand at the Pic River, Lake Superior; very abun- dant in a spruce swamp at the Kananaskis station, close to Bow Eiver, Eocky Mountains and westward to Silver City. (Macoun.) Pine wood.s, from the Saskatchewan to hit. 58°, and in the Rocky Moun- tains. {Hooker, Fl.) Caiion, Yukon River, 1887. {W. Ogilvie.) (2267.) C. guttatum, Swartz. Reichenb. Ic. Bot. t, 210. We know nothing of this species. Two specimens only, with withered flowers, wore gathered at Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie, by Dr. Richardson. Most abundant at Ounalashka. {Hooker, Fl.) CIV. H.EMODORACE.E. Blood-wort Family. 602. ALETRIS, Linn. Gen. 428. (COLIC-ROOT) (2268.) A. farinosa, Linn. Sp. (Ed. 2.) I., 45G. A. alba, Michx., Fl. I., 189; Pursh, Fl. I.. 225. Sandy thickets. Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. (Burgess.) CV. IRIDACE.E. Iris Family. 603. IRIS, Linn. Gen. 59. (FLOWER-DE-LUCE) (2269.) I. versicolor, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 206; Pursh, Fl. L, 29. I. Virginica, Pursh, Fl. I., 29. Abundant in ditches, swamps, and by river and lake margins. New Harbo)-, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Ilalifiax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., KS. (Sommers, Cat.) Truro and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Abundant in wet places throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Dalhousie, N.B., in a fresh water swamp. (Fletchtr.) Common throughout (Quebec and Ontario, extending westward to the Lake of the Woods (Burgess) and north eastward to Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T., and Charlton Island, .lames Bay, and west to Lake Winnipeg and Beren's River.' (,/. M. Macoun.) Winnipeg and North West Angle Road. (Dawson.) Michi])icotin Ri%-er, from Long Por- tage to Lake Mattawagaming, north of Lake Supeiior. (R. Bell.) 24 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2270.) I. Hookeri, Penny; Stend. Nomen., 1840. I tridentata, Hook. FL II., 206. I. Caurina, Hook., Fl. II., 206. Apparently peculiar to the .■'ea coast, and always found within the limit of the spray from the sea. The writer is of opinion that all allusions to /. versicolor, found on tiic coast, belong here. New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Bev. A. Waghorne.) Wet bank above the sea, Louisbui-g, Cape Breton. (^Burgess.) On the sand bar, South Sydney, Cape Breton ; abundant along the whole Gasp^ coast, from Gasp^ Basin to Petit Metis. (Macoun.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Cacouna and Kamoui-aska, Q. (Primjle.) Mingan Islands, St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Mingan Islands; and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (VerriU.) (2271.) I. tenax, Dougl, Hook., Fl. II., 206. No Canadian specimen of this species has ever fallen into our hands. Newfoundland and New Brunswick. (Hooker, FL) In the neighbor- hood of Hull, near Ottawa; Determined by Dr. Vasey. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common on diy undulating grounds, fi-om Cape Mendocino to Puget's Sound, North West Coast. (Hooker, Fl.) We strongly suspect that the eastern references belong to I. Virginka, hut have no means of deciding. (2272.) I. Virginica, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 206. I. prismatica, Pursh, Fl. I., 30. Chiefly in salt marshes along the coast. Abundant in meadows close to the sea, Louisburg, Cape Breton, 1883. (Macoun. Burgess.) New Brunswick. (Hooker, Ft.) Nova Scotian and New Brunswick col- lectors should examine the salt marshes and meadows near the coast for Iris tridentata and 1. Virginica, as there is no doubt of their wide dis- tribution in the maritime jDrovinces. (2273.) I. lacustris, Nutt. Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 517. Sandy thickets close to the beach at Chicken and Bed Bays, Bruce Peninsula, Lake Huron, 1871. (Macoun.) Very abundant in sandy thickets along Lake Hui-on at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) (2274.) I. Sibirica, Linn. Eothr. Alask., 456. Norton and Kotzebue Sound, Alaska. (Rothr. Alask.) We know nothing of this species. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 25 604.SISYRINCHIUM, Linn. Gen. 1017. (BLUE-EYED GRASS) <2275.) S. anceps, Cav. Pmsh, Fl. I., 31; Hook., Fl. IF., 207. S. Bennudiana, .Michx., Fl. I., 33. S. Bermtidtana, Linn. Var. anceps. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 517. Very common, either under thia form or the next, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. As the next is the commoner toi-m, wo place all general references to S. Bennudiana under it and only record hero the speci- mens we have seen. Newfoundland to the Sa.skatehewan. {Hooker, Fi.') New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Amherst Island Magdalen Islands, N.S. (•/. Richardson.) Coast of Gas])!-, Q., and at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Kitaman River, Kontanie Valley, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Dot*ld, Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Eothr. Alask.) {2216.) S. mucronatum, Michx. Fl. I., 33; Hook., Fl. II., 206. S. Birinudiana, Linn. Var. mucronatum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., .ol7. Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Wet meadows, Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Meadows at Sherbrooke, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Among grass, everywhere, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Through, out Quebec and Ontario, and extending to Hudson Bay on the north, and including the prairie region, the Rocky Mountains, British Columbia and Vancouver Island. All collectors throughout this immense region have met with it, and although it takes the form of Var. albidum on the prairies, and becomes more scabrous and taller on Vancouver Island, there are no constant characters to separate it into varieties. (2277.) S. Californicum, Ait. llort. Kew. (Ed. 1) IV., 135. S- Unealum, Torrey, Pacif. Ry. Rep., IV., 143. Abundant along the shores of Shawnagin Lake; Home Lake, near Qualicum ; and Sproat Lake, near Alberni, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 2278.) S. grandiflorum, Dougl. Hook., Fi. II., 207. A. most lovely flower and one of the earliest ; on dry mossy rocks, amongst oaks in the southern part of Vancouver Island, especially at Victoria and Cedar Hill. (Dawson, Fletcher, Macoun.) 26 GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY OF CANADA. CVI. AMAEYLLIDACE^. Axiartllis FAjnLT. 605. HYPOXIS, Linn. Gen. 417. (STAR-GRASS) (2279.) H. erecta, Linn. Pursh, Fl. I., 224 ; Hook., Fl. II., 207. H. Caroliniamim, Michx., Fl. L, 188. Meadows^and grassy woodlands. Not common, eastward. Sandy meadow near Trenton station, and in a mea«.low near the Ferry House, opposite Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. {Macotin.) Prince's Island, near Hamilton, Out. (Loijie.) Sandy woodland, Hatchley, Ont. ; also bor- ders of woods. Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) Very abundant on the prairie at Brandon and the country around the Brandon Hills and westward {Macoun.) South of Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Mac<^n.) North Antler Creek, 4f'th parallel. {Dawson.) CVII. DI03C0EEACE.E. Yaji Family. 606. DIOSCOREA, Linn. Gen. 1122. (YAM) (2280.) D. villosa, Linn. Pursh, Fl. I., 251; Hook., Fl. II., 207. D. paniculata, Michx., Fl. I., 239. Very rare in Canada. Only found west of Toronto. Marsh near Dundas, Ont. {Buchan.) Thickets on river bank, London, Ont. {Burgess. Alilhnan.) CVni. LILIACE.E. Lily Family. 607. SMILAX, Linn. Gen. 1120. (GREEN-BRIER) (2281.) S. quadrangularis, Pui-sh, Fl. L, 251. S. Totundifdiu, var. quadrangularis. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 519. S. rotundifoUa, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 172 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 250. 5. cavduca, Pursh, II. I., 250. Thickets in damp woods on Pelee Point, Lake Eric, 1882. {Macoun.) Low woods near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. {Burgess.) CATALOGtJE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 27 (2282.) S. hispida, Muhl,, Cat. 97. Low swampy woods not common, eastward. Abundant in black ash swamps in man3- parts of Hastings Co. ; borders of Cold Creek, Brighton, and along the Trent above Campbellford, and in woods west of Newcomb'8 Mills, Cramahe, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Alacoun ) Vicinitj- of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods and thickets at London and Owen Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Port Dover, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) (2283.) S. herbacea, Linn. Michx., Fl. L, 238; Pursh, Fl. I., 25L S. peduncularis, Mulil. Hook., FL II., 173 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 251. S. pulverulenta, Miclix., Fi. I., 238. S. laxionmron, Hook., Fl. II., 173. Eather common in I'ich woods and thickets. Rothesaj^ and Frederic- ton ; ratlier common along the St. John Eiver, St. llilaire, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Montical Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Quebec and Island of Orleans. (Thomas.) Ste. Anne de la PcSrade, Champlain Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Devil's Rivei , on sand climbing over bushes, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) River banks and on islands at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thickets around Prescolt, Ont., and northward; common. (Billings.) Borders of fields west of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Neighborhood of London, Ont. (Burgess. MiUman.) Borders of fences at Castleton and Belleville, Ont. ; common ; also 15 miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Supei-ior; in thickets along the Assiniboine River, west of Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Thickets at Kmerson, on the Red River, Man. (Burgess.) Canada to Lake Winnipeg and Red River, and west to Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 608. ASPARAGUS, Linn. Gen. 424. (ASPARAGUS) (2284.) A. OFFICINALIS, Linn. Puish, Fl.L, 235. (Garden Asparagus.) A garden escape in a number of localities. Waste places around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Waste places at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Burlington Beach, near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan. Burgess^ Waste heaps, and growing in a piece of woods near Belleville, Ont. ; also at Victoria and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 28 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 609. POLYCONATUM, Adans. (SOLOMON'S SEAL) (2285.) P. biflorum, Ell. Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 531. P. mvltiflorum, Desf. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. P. angvMifolium, carxUiciddtum, pubeicens, Mrtum, latifolium. and multi- florum, Pursh, Fl. I., 234-235. Conrallaria mvllifiora, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Eather common in rich woodlands and by fences. Near Halifax, N.S. (Lmrsm.) Not rare, Pictoii, N.S. (McKay.) Truro, Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.') Fredericton ; St. Stephen ; common at Salmon Eiver and Andover ; St. Francis and Upper St. John, N.B. (^Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In i-ich woods at Eivitire du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argcnteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Eich woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, 1^. Ott.) Eich woods, common at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billhigs.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Eich low woods, very common throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Common at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich wooded banks at London ; and Pany Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Hilton, near Wiarton, Ont. (J. Bell.) Woods at Owen Sound, and in woods up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) <2286.) P. giganteum, Dietr. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 531. P. latifolium, var. commutatum, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 555, chiefli'. P. mvlliflorum, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Confined to western Ontario and westward. Dunning's farm, near Niagara, and at Amhei-stburgh, Detroit Eiver, Ont. ; also at Portage la Prairie, Man. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont., and in thickets at Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Along the Saskatchewan. (^Hooker, Fl.) 6IO. STREPTOPUS, Michx. Fl. L, 200. (TWISTED-STALK) (2287 ) S. amplexifolius, DC. Fl. Fran. IIL, 174. & distorlus, Michx., Fl. I., 200. Hook., Fl. II., 173. S. amplexicavlis, Poir. Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 591. In cool ravines and deep shade, along mountain brooks; not com- mon anywhere, but extending across the continent to Vancouver Island. Labrador. (Butkr.) Windsor and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) CATALOGUE OP CANADL4.N PLANTS. 29 Shady ravines at Truro and Pirate's Cove, N.S. ; also in a ravine at Whycoeogmah, Cape Breton. (Jilacoun.) Kent and Northumberland Go's.; Campbellton ; Lancaster; rather comnr.on at Salmon River, Tobique, and Bald Mountains, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common on Anti- costi and along the Gaspci coast, and on the slopes of Mount Albert, Q. (^Macoun.) Mingan Islands, and Island of Orleans, St. Lawrence Eiver. (St. Cyr.) Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) In great abundance in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban ) Damp woods, Nipigon, Pic and Current rivers, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Giand Marais, Lake Superior, and up the Michipicotin River, north of the lake. (-B. Bell.) Hilton, near "VViarton, Ont. (J. Bell.) Porcupine Mountain, Man. (^Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass and Michel Creek, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Common in wet thickets from Morley westward through the Rocky, and Selkirk mountains; not uncommon along mountain streams at Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Qualicuni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Yale, and in the mountains at Spence's Bridge, B. C. (Fletcher.) Fort Wrangel, Sitka. (Meehnn.) Sitka and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alash) From Newfoundland and Hudson Baj- to the Rocky Mountains, and thence to the Columbia and north to Fort McLaughlin and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2288.) S. roseus, Michx., Fl. I., 201; Pursh, Fl. I., 232; Hook., Fl. II., 173. Abundant in drier woods than the preceding, but scarce on the Pacific slope. Labrador. (Butler.) Wind.sor, Halifax, Pictou and Canso, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Very common in the northern counties ; also in St. John and King's Co's., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) In woods at Truro and Anna- polis, N.S. ; also at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and common in woods along the Gasp^ coast. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault). Anticosti and at Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Woods at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billinys.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in low rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicin- ity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Rich woods. Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Owen Sound and Hilton, Ont. (J. Bell.) Opposite Gros Caj>, Lalje Superior, and up the Michipicotin Eiver, north of the lake. (R. Bell.) Woods up the Ivaministiqua and Dawson road. Port Arthur ; also in woods, Nipigon Rivei', Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (•/. M. Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, and on the Skagit River, B.C. 30 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. {Dairson.) Xot obsei-ved in the Eocky Mountains, but detected in Beaver Creek vallej-, near the Selkirk summit. (Macoun.) Goose Creek Mountains, five miles from Keithlv. Cariboo, B.C. ; 5,800 feet alt. {Bowman.) Lake Lindeman, lat, 60°. (Schicatka.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and on the North West coast from the Columbia to lat. 58". {Hooker, FL) 611. SMILICINA, Desf. (FALSE SOLOMON'S SEAL) (2289.) S. Stellata, Desf Pursh, Fl. L, 233; Hook., Fl. IL, 176. ConraUaria stdlala, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Very common in low moist woods, along streams, and in meadows. Labrador. (Butler.) Pictou and Truro, X.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Common on St. Paul's Island, Magdalen Islands, and Newfoundland. {McKay.) Damp woods at Triuoand Pirate's Cove, N.S. {Macoun.) Moist banks, Kouchibouguac ; intervales, Salmon Eiver; St. John Eiver, Kenne- beccasis ; Petitcodiac ; Cedar Brook, on the Tobique ; Indian Falls, Nepisiquit Eiver, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Metapediac, Eestigouche Co., N.B. {Chalmers) Salt-Lake, Anticosti, and in the valley of the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^. {Macoun.) Island of Orleans and Mirgan Eiver, St. Lawrence Eiver. {St. Cyr.) Eividre du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Savanne, near Montreal, 1821. {Dr. Holmes) Montreal Mountain. {Porter.) On sand along the Eiver Eougc, Ai-genteuil Co., Q. i^D' Urban.) Dow's swamp and other localities at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott ) Swamps and low intervales along streams, abun- dant in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Ears in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Pi'inee's Island near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Mississaqui, Drummond, and Cockburn islands, Georgian Bay. (/. Bell.) Sandy thickets at Toronto, low woods at London, Ont. ; Parrj- Sound, Georgian Bay, and in the Eed Eiver valley at Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) North t^hore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Up the Kami- nistiqua Eiver, west of Lake Superior. {Macofun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Br. Hay den.) Charlton Island, James Bay; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn Eiver to Hudson Bay; also on Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macoun.) In a thicket at Pembina Mountain, Man. ; near Belly Eiver and on the North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) In moist thickets on the Assiniboine, at Portage la Prairie and Brandon ; abundant in moist meadows and grassy places from the vicinity of Morley through the Eocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia valley. (Macoun.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan, and from Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 31 <2290.) S. sessilifolia, Xutt. in herb. Watson Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 245 (1870). S. stellata, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Toraria sesailifolia. Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 566. This species takes the place of S. stellata west of the Coast Eange as all our specimens from the west coast are of this species. Fraser Eiver valley at Yale, B C. ; also quite common in the valleys of rivers and along biooks, at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Goldsticam and northward, Vancouver Island. {Macoxin.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island (^Fletcher.) North West coast. {Hooker, Fl.) (2291.) S. racemosa, Dcsf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233; Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. S. ciliata, Pursh, Fl. I., 232. Convallaria racemom, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Rich woods, not infrequent. Dartmouth, Halifax, Bedford, Pictou and Truro, N.S. (Sovimers, Cat.) Truro and Straits of Canso, N.S. (Maeoun.) BassKiver; Welsford ; and Nerepis Valley, N. B. (Fow- ler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chaimers.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Gomin's woods, (iuebec. (Thomas.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Br. Holmes.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) McKay's busli and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescolt, Ont. (BHIukjs.) Keraptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in rich woods throughout central Ontario. (Maeoun.) In woods, mountain side west of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Low woods at London; and Parry Sound, Georgian Hay. (Bunjess.) Owen Sound, Hilton, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, (Jeoi-gian Bay. (J. Bell.) Opposite Grand Island, Lake Superior. {R. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Fifteen miles up the Kaminisciqua Kiver, west of Lake Superior. (Maeoun.) Throughout Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (22920 S. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Journ. Philad. Acad. VII., 58. S. racemosa, var. amplcxicavlis, Watson. Maeoun, Cat., No. 1843. S. racemosa, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Tovaria racemosa, Baker, Journ. Linn., Soc. XIV., 570, in part. Eather common in thickets and on beds of snow-slides, from Morley, in the Eocky Mountains, to the summit of the Selkirks. (Maeoun.) Cypress Hills, Alberta. (J. M. Maeoun.) Michel Creek, Flathead Eiver, and Coldwater Eiver, B.C. (Baivson.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Specimens from Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, although referred here, are exactly like eastern S. raeemosa. All the leaves are more or less petioled, and had these specimens been found in the Atlantic provinces they would be referred to the preceding species. 32 GEOLOGICAL SORVEf OP CANADA. Mr. Jas. Fletchei' describes his speoimens from Mt. Finlayson, Yan- couver Island, as having much larger leaves, more plaited, and flower much more highly scented than eastern racemosa. {Macoun.) (2293.) S. trifolia, Desf. Pursh, Fl. I., 233. Hook., Fl. II., 175. Conrallaria irijolki, Michx., Fl. I., 202. Tovaria trifolia. Baker, Jouru. Linn., Soc. XIV., 563. Abundant in swamps and wet woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Labrador. {Butler.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. Waghorne.) Windsor, N.S. {How.) Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Swamps, near Halilax, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. {J. Richardson^ Kouchibouguac, and Hudson's Brook, Kent Co. ; St. JohnCo., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Swamps, Dalhousie, N.B. {Chalmers.} Swamps, Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Mingan Eiver and Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) Swamps, Riviere du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Summit of Mount Albert, GaspcS, Q.; and Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Dow's swamp and other peat bogs near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) Swamp noi'th of Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Cold peaty swamps throughout central Ontario. {Macoun.) Marsh at Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. {L^gie.) Peat bogs, London, and Blenheim, Ont. {Burgess.) Bruce Mines, Hilton, Thompson Point, Gore Bay, and McLeod's Harbor, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Swamps at Owen Sound and west of Thunder Bay, and around Lake Nipigon. Ont. {Macoun.) Missinaibi Eivei-, Ont. ; Lake Mistassini and down the Eupert River, N.E.T. ; Lake Winnipeg and eastward down the Severn, Keewatin. {J. M. Macoun.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior; Nelson River and Oxford House, Keewatin. (R.Bell.) Observed in a spruce swamp at the Kananaskis, Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Swamps through- out Canada, to Bear Lake and the Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) 612. MAIANTHEMUM, Wingers. ("LILY OF THE VALLEY") (2294.) M. Canadense, Desf. Watson,Proced. Am. Acad. XIV. 247. Smilicina bifolia, Eoem. Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part S. Canadense, Pursh, Fl. I., 233. & bifulia, var. Canadensis, Gray. Man., Ed. V., 530. Convallaria bifolia, Michx., Fl. I., 201. On dry hummocks and in cool woods, from the Atlantic to the Eocky Mountains. Labrador. {Butler.) Brigus, Newfoundland. {R. Bell.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. Waghorne.) Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Truro, N.S. {Chambers. Macoun.) New Harbor, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 33 St. Lawrence. {J. Richardson.) Truro, Halifax and Canso, N.S. (^Macoun & Burgess.) Very common throughout Now Brunswick. {Fowler, Cat.) Carapbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Woods, Salt Lake, Anticosti; and along the whole peninsula of Ga8p(5, Q. (Macoun.) Ouat- chechou, Champlain Co., and Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) Eich woods, common at Eivii^re du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Abundant in all woods near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods, common at Prescott. Ont. {Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Very abundant in cool woods in central Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Eich wootls at London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Mississagui Island and Cookburrt Island, Georgian Bay. {J. Bell.) Woods at Owen Sound ; Nipigon Lake and Eivor, and around the west side of Lake Superior ; and westward to Brandon, on the Assiniboine, Man. {Macoun.) Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mis- tassini, N.E.T., and down the Eupert Eivor to James Bay ; Mis- sinaibi Eiver, Ont. ; Lake Winnipeg and eastwaid down the Severn Eiver. {J. M. Macoun.) Opposite Gros Cap, Lake Superior ; north end of Lake Winnipeg and down the Nelson Eiver, and at Oxford House, Kecwatiii. {R. Bell.) Sitka. {MeeJian.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay and Newfoundland to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2295.) M. bifolium, 1>.C. var. dilatatum, Wood. Proced. Phil. Acad. 174, (18G8.) Smilicina bifolia, Hook., Fl. II., 176, in part. Apparently confined to the west coast of America. Queen Charlotte- Islands, B.C. {Dawson.) Common in low woods along small streams at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Beacon Hill and Oak Bay, near Victoria; Nanaimo and Qualicum, and in the woods generally around Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Fort Wrangel, Sitka.. {Meehan.) Fort Simpson and Sitka, on the North-west coast. (Hooker, Fl.) 613. HEMEROCALLIS, ILinn. Gen. 433. (DAY LILY) (2296.) H. FULVA, Linn. Gray, Man. Ed. V., 535. Occasionally escapes from gardens, in New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.)- Waste places at Belleville, Ont. {Macoun.) Quebec. {St. Cyr.), Waste places, near London ; rare. {Burgess. Millman.) 34 GE0L0(?1CAI. SURVEY OF CANADA. 614. BRODiyEA, Smith. Tran:<. Linn. Soc. X., 2. (2297.) B. grand iflora, Smith. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Milla maritima, Macoun, Cat., J^o. 1869. On sandy, rocky, or gravelly soil, in the oak openings. Close to the sea, on Fuller's farm, at Oak Bay : and iu numerous places on rocky soil around Victoria and Cedar Hill ; abundant on ledges above Departure Bay, and near the Half-way House. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, B.C. {Meehan. Fletcher.) North West America and K^ew Georgia. {Hooker, Fl.) (2298.) B. Douglasii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 237. TriUkia grdudiflora. LinJI. Hook., Fl. II., 186. Jlilla grandiflora, Baker, .lourn. Linn. Soc. ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1870. In deep sand or in crevices of rocks; rare. Close to the sea at Oak Bay. (Macoun.) Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2299.) B. lactea, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 238. B. grandiflora, Pursh, Fi. I., 223. Hinjicroscordon LeiriMi, Hook., Fl. II., ISo- Milla hyacinthina, Baker. Macoun, Cat. No. 1871. Abundant bj' loadsides, along the borders of fields, by lakes, amongst gravel, and on sand by the sea coast, from the vicinity of Victoria to Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Meehan. Fletcher.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) 615. ALLIUM, Linn. Gen. 400. (ONION, GARLIC) (2300.) A. tricoccum. Ait. Piu-sh, Fl. I., 223. A. triflorum, Pursb, Fl. I., 223. A. cemuum, Hook., Fl. II., 184. Not very widely distributed but common in Ontario and western Quebec, Hampton and Petitcodiac; Eel River, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in moist places in woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D'Vrban.) McKay's woods and other places at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 35 in central Ontario. (^Macoun.) A'icinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Rich woods, London, Ont. {Burgess. MiUvian.) Abundant in woods, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun. J. Bell.) Batch-ah-wah-nah River, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) Lake Erie. {Hooker, Fl.) (2301.) A. Schoenoprasum, Linn. Hook., Fl. H., 185. Not uncommon in crevices of rocks along lakes and rivers. Nevi'- foundland. {Dr. Morrison.) In beautiful cluraps, with very bright flowers, in meadows near the sea at Yarmouth, N.S. ; in the debris of Jupiter River, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Pabincau Falls on the Nepisi- quit and Rothesay; Nauwigewauk; ver}' common along the Upper St. John, Tobique and Eel Rivers; Indian Falls of Nepisiquit; Ham- mond River, N.B. {Fowler, Oat.) Bathurst, N.B. {McGiU Coll. Herb.) Island of Orleans. {St. Oyr.) North shore of Lake Superioi-. (Agassis.) Wet gravelly shore, Port Arthur, Lake Superior. {Burgess.) East coast of Lake Nipigon, Current River, Thunder Bay, and east coast of L'lke Superior. {Macoun.) Missinaibi River, Out., and Severn River, Kcewatin. (J. M. Macou7i.) Milk River flats, 4iUh parallel. {Millman.) River bank, Belly River, N. W. T. {Burgess.) Summit of Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, and Flathead Rivei, B.C. {Datvson.) Rather common along the Bow River, from Morle\^ westward to Laggan, thence along the Kicking Horse River to Donald, in the Columbia valley, B.C. {Macoun.) Port CUrence, Norton and Kotzebue sounds, and rapids of the Yukon. {Rothr. Ala.sk.) Francis River, lat. 61°, and Yukon River, lat. 63° {Dawson.) Throughout the wooded country to Bear Lake, and to the prairies of the Rooky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2302.) A. cernuum, Roth. Pursh, Fl. II.,732 ; Hook., Fl. II., 184. A. stdliitum, Hook., Fl. II , 184, in part. Abundant in the western part of the praiine region, and westward to Vancouver Island. Low open prairie, Turtle Mountain and Short Creek, Man. {Burgess.) Souris River, Man. {Millman.) Lake of the woods ; West Butte, 49th parallel ; South Kootanie Pass, Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains ; Gatcho Lake, B.C. {Dawson.) Blackfoot Cross- ing, Bow River, Alberta; near Dun vegan. Peace River, lat. 56"; rather common on grassy slopes from Morley westward to Castle Mountain and thence to the Columbia valley at Donald, whera it is abundant ; on dry slopes at Speuce's Bridge, and Lytton, B. C. ; grass}^ places near Victoria ; on the slopes of Mount Finlayson ; woods near Departure Bay ; very abundant at Qualicum and Alberni, and along mountain slopes, Vancouver Island. {Jilacoun.) Nootka, where the bulbs are used as an esculent. {Hooker, Fl.) 36 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2303.) A. Canadense, Kalm. Michx., PI. I., 194; Pureh, Fl. I., 223 ; Hook., Fl. II., 185. Along river banks, rather rare. Monti-eal Island, above Nun's Island, 1821. {Dr. Holmes.) Along the Moira, at the paper mill, Belleville, Hastings Co. ; Meyer's Island, in the Trent, above Meyersburg, Nor- thumberland Co. ; Massassaga Point, B.iy of Quinte, Prince Edward Co. ; Colchester, Essex Co., Ont. {Maeoitn.) River bank, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millmah.) (2304.) A. reticulatum, Eraser. Hook., Fl. II., 184. A. angvlof^m, Pursb, Fl. I., 223. Eather common on dry gravelly slopes in some parts of the prairie region. Open prairie, Turtle Mountain, Man. (Burgess. Millman.} Moose Jaw Creek, Assiniboia. (J. ilf. JMacoun.) Abundant on gravel ridges and slopes along the Assiniboine River, at Brandon, and on ridges along the Qu'Appelle Valley, near Fort Ellice, Man. (Macoun.) Badger Coule^, 49th parallel, and Milk River Ridge, Alberta. (Dawson.) Common on a gravelly hillside, Stoney Reserve, Morley, Rocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) Wooded country, especially about Carleton House, Saskatchewan River. (Sooker, Fl.) (2305.) A. Ceyeri, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad., Vol. VI., 229. A. reticidatum, Var. 3. Watson, Bot. King's Rep., V., 486. A few poor specimens of this were gathered near Beacon Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island, in 1875, and referred to A. reticulatum. Fine fruiting specimens were observed at Oak Bay, near the same place, 1887. (iVacowi.) Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, 1885. (Fletcher.) (2306.) A. acuminatum, Hook., Fl. II., 184. A very beautiful and common species in numerous localities in the southern part of Vancouver Island. On dry ground near Victoria. (Fletcher. Meehan.) Yale, B.C. (J. A. Hill.) Abundant on rocks around Cedar Hill ; at Mount Finlayson, and along the coast from Victoria to Nanaimo, where it is common ; on dry ledges near Departure Bay, at Qualicum and on the rocks along the Alberni canal, on the west coast. (Macoun.) Mary Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Plentiful at Nootka Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) (2307.) A. Stellatum, Eraser. Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. A rather rare and obscure species, occasionally recorded fi'om the praii-ie region. Rat Portage, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) On the prairie south of the Touchwood Hills, at Pheasant Mountain and on the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 37 Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Serb.) Plains of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Boston Bar, below Lytton, B.C. {Fletcher.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. {A. J. Bill.) (2308.) A. Nevii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acud., Vol. VI., 231. A. relkvlalum, Hook., Fl. II., 184, in part. Abundant in a few localities. Thi.s species throws up leaves early in spring, but does not flower until after the middle of June, when it is in perfection. Abundant in a field near the base of Cedar Hill, and in some profusion on rocky ground near Cloverdale, close to Victoria; common on rockj' ledges, at the Half Way House, four miles from Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Nootka. {Hooker. FL) (2309.) A. Vancouverense. Abundant on the summit of Mount Ai-rowsraith, alt. 5,976 feet. It glows in crevices of rocks and bursts into flower as soon as the snow disappears ; July I7th, 1887. Dr. Watson, to whom this species has been submitted, believes it to be new. The bulbs have been planted at our Experimental Farm, and the species will be fully described next year. The specimens obtained were too young for correct deter- mination but the species is near A. falci folium. 616. CAMASSIA, Lindl. (CAMASS) (2310.) C. Fraseri, Torr. Pacif R. Rep., IV., U7. Scilla FrasiTi, Gray, Man., Ed. V., 533. Apparently rare in Ontario. White Island, in the Detroit River, opposite Amherstburgh, 1882. {Macoun.) (2311.) C. esculents, Lindl. Hook., Fl. IL, 186. I'halangium Quamanh, Pursh, Fl. I., 226. Very abundant in all rich soils, and even in cultivated fields and meadows, throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island. It be- comes less common as the oak disappears, but at Qualicum and Alberni it is still in profusion in open sjiots. {Macoun. Fletcher. Dawson.) North West America. {Hooker, Fl.) By following the plough in the autumn, when the stubble is being turned over, many fine bulbs can be collected. It is not so much eaten now as formerly, as the Indians have better food since the advent of the whites. (2312.) C. Leichtlinii, Watson. Proced. Am. Acad. Vol. XII., 376, C. esculenta, var. Leichllinii, Baker. Bot. Mag., t. 6287. C. esculenta, var fi- fluribus albus. Hook., Fl. II., 186 Chlorugalum Leichllinii, Baker, Gard. Chron., 689, (1874.) Occasionally met with, growyig in company with the preceding 38 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY "F CANADA. specie:?. On King's Farm, at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, 1884. (Fletcher. Mil.) The specimens referi-ed here are exactly like those of SuUsdorf, upon which the species was founded by Watson. We have both white and blue flowered specimen.*. 617. LILIUM, Linn. Gen. 410. (LILY) (2313.) L. Philadelphicum, Linn. Hook., Fi. II., 181; Pursh, Fl. I.. 229. L. umbellalum, Pursh, Fl. I., 229. Rather common in western Ontario, but more so throuffhout the prairie region. McKay's woods and other localities near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thickets near the Giand Trunk gravel pit, at Prescott, Ont. (killings.) On gravel banks and ridges, and along the rocky banks of rivers, and over the whole extent of Rice Luke Plains, Ont. (Macoun.) East Flamboro, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy woodlands near London; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie, Ont. (^Burgess.) Cockburii Island, Georgian Baj'. (J.Bell.) Very abundant along the noi'th shore of Lake Superior, on exposed rocks, and along Poplar River, Lake Xipigon. (Macoun.) Down the Missinaibi River to Moose Factory, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Nelson River, and at Oxford House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Open prairie at Emei-son, Man. (Burgess.) Red River, Man., plentiful ; near Pincliei' Creek, and between the north and middle fork of the Old Man River, foot-hills, Rocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Portage la Prairie, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Calgary, Alberta. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on the pi-airies from Winnfpeg to Moose Jaw, and westward to Canmore, in the Rockj- Mountains, appearing again at Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Calgary. (Prof. Fowler.) Portage la Loche, lat. 57°. (Back.) Lake Huron and throughout Canada to the Saskatche" wan and j^rairies of the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. ? Probably an albino, petals pale yellow, not spotted; more narrowly lanceolate with longer claws. Near Turtle Mountain, on the open prairie, 49tli parallel; rare. (Bauson.) Badger Creek, Man. (Burgess.} (2314.) L. Canadense, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 181; Pui-sh, Fl. I., 229; Michx, Fl. I., 198. L. pardalinum, var. Bouryxi, Baker. Journ. Linn. Sec, XIV., 242. Common eastward, but rather rare to the west. Not uncommon, Pictou Co., N. S., and Cape Bretoii. (McKay.) Truro and Col- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN TLAN'TS. 39 Chester, N.S. ; Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. {Sommers, Cat.) Low meadows between New Glasgow and Port Mulgrave, N.S. ; in low in- tervales at Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macotin.) Common in meadows at Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N S. (Faribault.) Baliiurst, N.B. (AlcGHl Coll. Herb.) Common on intervales and moist meadows, New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) On the flats along the lower part of the Metapedia River, Q. (Macoun.) St. Anno de la P($rade, Q- (St. Cyr.) Beauport, near Quebec. (Thomas.) Laprairic, near Mon- ti-eal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) In meadows along the Grand Trunk Railway, between Cobourg and Port Hope, Ont. (Macoun.) Low shady place at London and Blenheim, Ont. ; very common. (Burgess.) Right bunk of Rainy River, below Fort [•'I'ancis, 1872. (Macoun.) (2315) L. Carolinianum, Michx. 1-1. 1., 197. L. Canadenm, \ar. superbum, Ehves., Men. Lil. t. 21. L. superbum, Linn. Hook., Fl. 11., 181 ; Pursh, Fl. 1., 230; Macoun Cat, No. 1853. Rich low grounds, western Ontario, ^''icinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Moist grounds half a mile west of London, Ont. (Saunders.) A specimen in our herbarium, collected by Dr. Burgess, near London, in 1879, appioaches this species very closely, both in its revolute perianth and almost perfect!}' smooth leaves. Mr. .Tames Fletcher, botanist to the Kxperiniental Farm at Ottawa, has grown Lilium Caro- linianum from bulbs purchased in the United States, together with the form here referred to, L. Carolinianum. He believes that our own form is different from both L. Carolinianum and L. Canadense and sug- gests that Elwes' name should belong to it. It is extremely probable that his view is the coriecl one. (2316.) L. Columbianum, Hanson. Baker, Linn. Soc. Journ., XIV., 243. i. Canadense, vnr. parviflorum. Hook., Fl. II., 181. L.parvum, Kell. Macoun, Cat. No. 1854. L. Philadelp>dcum,\&T.,i. Hook., Fl. II., 181. Abundant in some localities ; generally on dry gravelly soil. Whipsaw Ci-eek, B.C. [Bauson.) Very common at Victoria, Vancouver Island, (J.Richardson. Fletcher.) On gravelly soil throughout the oak openings in the southern part of Vancouver Island ; common at Nanaimo and near the Wellington Mines ; on old sea beaches of gravel and shells at Qualicum, at Hoine Lake, in the intevior, and Alberni on the west coast. (Macoun.) 40 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 618. FRITILLARIA, Linn. Gen. 411. (FRITILLARIA) (2317) F. Kamtschatcensis, Ker. Hook., Fl. II., 181. The specimens refen-ed liere are much taller and stouter than the next species, and, as far as I am aware, are confined to the proximity of the sea. The number of flowei-s varies fiom two to four, and they are usually of a dull purple. The first whorl of leaves is generally four, but the nest usually has five. Abundant on grassy banks within the influence of spring tides at the mouth of the Nanaimo Eiver, a little below the new bridge; occasional specimens at Gordon Head, four miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.') Vicinitj' of Vic- toria, 1876. (Dawson.) Sitka, Ounalashka, and Cape Prince of Wales. {Rothr. Alask.) North-west coast, on the beach ; Observatory Inlet to Stikine River. I Hooker, Fl.) (2318.) F. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. I., 230; Hook, Fl. II., 181. Very abundant on dry gravelly soil in some localities on the West Coast. Above Lytton, on the Fraser River, B.C. {Dawson.) In pro- fusion at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Very common throughout the oak woods and roc-k^', mountainous places fi-om Victoria to Nanaimo and north to Qualicum, whei"e it is especially abundant near the sea ; and across the island to Alberni. (Macoun.) Nootka Sound. (Menzies.) Var. floribunda, Benth. On diy ground, King's Farm, and at Cadboro Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2319. F. pudica, Spreng. Hook., Fl. II., 182. IMium (f)pvdicum, Pursh, Fl. I., 228. Not uncommon at Fort McLeod and Le'hbridge, Alberta. The only knownstationseast of the Kocky Mountains. (JV. IT. Cowdry.) Appai-- ently very rare in British Columbia. Collected on the mountain slopes along the Thompson River, at Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) In abundance, with Calochortus macrocarpus, on the slope opposite L^-tton station, and at Spence's Bridge, B.C. ( Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 41 619. ERYTHRONIUM, Gen. 414. Linn. DOG'S TOOTH VIOLET) (2320.) E. Americanum, Smith. Hook., Fl. II., 182. E. Denscanif, Michx., Fl. 198. £. lanceolalum, Piirsli, Fl. I., 230. Veiy abundant in rich woods throughout Ontario. Not common at Pictou, N.S. {McKay.) Colchester Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Hudson's IBrook, Kent Co.; abundant at Frederieton; near St. .John and at Nor- ton, on the KennebeccasiN, N.B. (Fouler, Cat.) Bathurst, N.B. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Siilery, Q. {St. Gyr.) Abundant in rich woods, Eivifere du Loup, Q. {Thomas.) Common along the Rouge River, Argenteuil Co., 4- {D'frban.) Montreal Mountain, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Very com- mon around Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Otf.) Rich woods, common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Very common in woods throughout ccnti-al Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Rich woods, London, Ont. Pany Sound, Georgian Bay. {Burgess.) Woods, Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) (2321.) E. albidum, Xutt, Gen. I., 223. Apparent!}- rare in Ontario. Abundant in a rich low wood, two miles east of Belleville, between the Grand Trunk Railway and the Bay ofQuinte, 1878. {Macoun.) Steep clay banks of river at " The Cove" London, Ont. {Burgess.) (2322.) E. propullans, Giaj-, Amer. Nat. V., 298. In rich, deep soil, on the fai-m of George Casey, M.P., near Fingal, Elgin Co., Ont., 1882. {Macoun.) (2323.) E.grandiflorum, Var. (?) albiflorum. Hook. Fl. II., 182. Very abundant in rich woods, and in crevices of rocks, and on old sea beaches throughout the whole .southei-n part of Vancouver Island. A remarkably fine species and well worthy of cultivation. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria. (Fletcher. Hill.) Var. (?) Smithii. Hook., Fl. II., 182. E. nvolulnm. Smith in Eees. Cycl. E. grandijiorum, var. revolutum, Baker, Journ. Lion. See- XIV., 296. Gathered by Menzies on Vancouver Island. Not lately detected •unless this may be var. albiflorum, which turns pinkish in drying if young specimens are taken. 42 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. giganteum, Hook-.. Fl. II., 182. Summit of Coast Eange, near the Fraser River, B.C., 1877. Stems, three to four flowered. (Dawson.) Harrison Lake, B.C. (^Bttrgess, Herb.) Flowers, large bright yellow. Yar. (?) minor, Morren. Belg. Hort. XXVI., 109. The specimens referred here are all ft-om high mountain summits, generally one flowered and bright yellow. In moist thickets bouth Kootanie Pass, 18^1, and on the western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, (Dawson.) On the summit of Hope Moun- tain, B.C. (J. Tolmie.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C., 6,000 feet alt. (Bowman.) In abundance on mountains around Kicking Horse Lake, and on the beds of snow-slides, passing up to the limit of pci-petual snow ; in great profusion at the summit of the Selkirks, close to the melting snow, Aug. 24th, 1885 ; abundant on the summit of Mount Benson, alt. 3,363 feet; occasional specimens on Mount AiTOwsmith, alt. 5,500 feet. Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 620. LLOYDIA, Salisb. (2324.) L. serotjna, Reichcnb. "Watson, Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 2(J1. AnlheTxcum serotinum, Linn. Hook., Fl. II., 183. St. Lawrence and Ounalashka islands. Cape Lisburne and Kotzebne Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Northern Arctic coast. (Dr. Richardson.) 621. CALOCHORTUS, Pursh, Fl. 1 , 240. (2325.) C. elegans, Pursh. var. nanus, Wood. Proc. Ph^l. Acad. 168 (1868). C. tUgans, Hook., Fl. II., 183; Macoun, Cat No. 1873. , C. Lyallii, Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. XIV., 305. C. ehgans, var. minor. Hook., Fl. II., 183. Summit of the South Kootanie and Crow Nest passes, Rocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) Recesses of the Rocky Mountains, near the region of perpetual snow. (Douglas.) (2326.) C- macrocarpus, I'ougl. Hook., Fl. II., 183. Dry. gravelly soil on the mountains above Lytton, B.C. (Macoun.) Very fine specimens at Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Similkameen River ; near Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) Abundant at L^ton, Spence's Bridge, and Kamloops, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 43 622. CHAM/ELIRIUM, Willd. DEVILS BIT) C232'7.) C. Carrlinianum, Willd. Watson, Pioc. Am. Acad, VI., 282. C. lukvm, Gray. Man. Ed. V., .327. Ildonias dioica, Piirsli, FI. I., 243. In swamps noiir Mount Pleasant, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada. (Gray, Man.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM, Mx. Kl. 1 , 210. (XEROPHYLLUM) (2328.) X. tenax, Nntt. Watson, Pioeed. Am. Acad. XIV., 284. Utlonias tenax. Pursh, !• 1. I., 243. South Koutanie Pass, Eocky Mountains, 49th luirallcl. Abundant and past flowering in the lower valleys, but still flowering at 6,000 feet alt., on Aug. 17th, 1874. Crow Nest Pass, 1883. (Dawson.) 624. TOFIELDIA, Huds. (FALSE ASPHODEL) (2329.) T. borealis, Wahlenb. Fl. Lapp., 16'J. T. palvflri!:, H luls. Hook., F-I. II. , 1 79. T.pi(.«ilUi, Pursh, Kl. I.. 240. Narthecium puMllum, Michx., Fl. I., 209. Peat bogs and on rocks along the sea or lai-ge lakes. Ford's Har- bor, Labrador. (R. Bell.) Low grounds and peat bogs. Salt Lake, Antieosti. (Marouii.) Mingan Islands, River St. Lawrence. (Si. Cyr.) Lake Mi-stassini. (Michaux.) Lake Mistassini and down the Rupert River to James Bay, and northward on all the islands in James Bay to Cape Jones; MissinalKi River, Ont., and north to Moose Factory. (./. M. Macoun.) Hill River and mouth of Churchill River, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Noi-th shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Rather rare in the Rocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain and Mount Stephen, but abundant at Donald, in the valley of the Wait-a-bit. (Macoun.) Great Slave Lnke; Ungava, Hudson Strait. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Mossy soil, Kingnitc, Cumberland Gulf, Cape Soarle, and Scott's Bay, west side of tiailin's Bay. (,/. Taylor.) Between the Mackenzie River and Baffin's Buy. Smith's Sound and Greenland. (Hooker, Arct. Fl.) From Labrador and Hudson Bay to Bear Lake River ; and west to the- Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) 44 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2330.) T. coccinea, Eich. Hook. Fl. II., 179. Barren ground from lat. 64° to the shores of the Arc-tit- sea ; about Jasper's Lake, in the Rocky Mountains, and on the west coast, north of lat. 58°, to Ounalashka. {Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound, Chamisso Island, and Cape Lisburne. fJRothr. Alask.) North east coast of America. {Hooker, Arct. PL) Var. major, Hook., Fl. 11.. 179. Mackenzie Eiver. (Richard fADIAN PLANTS. 51 and King's Go's. ; also St. John city, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Portland, N.B. (Mattheivs.) In woods, Gaspd Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In rich woods, Eiviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Papineau Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holvies.) Abundant in rocky woods, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Local at Ottawa, (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Somewhat rare at Prescott, Ont. (B'llings.) North Bay, Lake Nipissing, and at CoUingwood, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) St. Remi, Q. ; and Kcmptville, Ont. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Eich woods, Hatchley, Ont ; Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) 630. MELANTHIUM, Linn. Gen. 454. (2349.) M. Virginicum, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., .524. if. hybridum, Pursh, Fl. I., 242. Leimanthium hybridum, Roeni. ; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Upper Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) We have never seen a Canadian specimen of this species, and cannot speak explicitly of its occurrence in western Ontario. Certainly the region where Mr. Goldie botanized (the shores of Lake Erie) is less known botanically, than any other part of the Dominion, except the extreme north. 631. VERATRUM, Linn. Gen. 1144. (FALSE HELLEBORE.) (2350.) V. viride, Ait. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 242 ; Hook. Fl. II. 178. V. album, Michx., Fl. I., 249 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1829. V. Enchschotlzii, Gray ; Rotlir. Alask. 4.56. V. album, var. Eschfcholtzii, Dawson, Bound. Rop. 374. Rather common on intervales of the Restigouche, Richibucto; St. John, and Kennebeccasis rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) In numerous places along the Gaspe coast, from Mont Louis to Metis. (Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Very common at Riviere du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) South Kootanie Pass and foothills of Rocky Mountains, 49th parallel. (Dawson. Burgess.) In mountain swamps and on snow-slides from Castle Mountain, in the Rock}- Mountains, westward to the Sellvirks and mountains in the Peace River Pass, hit. 56° ; on mountain slopes and in river valleys, Mount Finlayson, Mount Benson, Mount Arrow- smith, and Mount Mark; also at Goldstream, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. 52 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (^Fletcher.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and the Eocky Mountains, and from the Columbia to the Stikine. (^Hooker, Fl.) Snow Shoe Valley, Cariboo, B.C., alt. 3^000 feet. (Bowman.) 632. STENANTHIUM, A. Cray. Ann. Lye. N. YoiklY., 11!1. (2351.) S. OCCidentale, Gray, Proced. Am. Acad., XVIII., 405. Crow Nest and South Kootanie passes, Rocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Abundant on the slopes of ravines on all the Rocky Mountains up the Bow River Valley, and westward to the Columbia Valley at Donald ; along Little Qualicum River, on the slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 4,500 feet, and on Mount Mark, alt. 2,500 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) 633. ZYCADENUS, Michx. I'l. I, 213. iZYGADENE.) (2352.) Z. elegans, Pursh, Fl. 1., 241 ; Hook., Fl. II., 178. /. glaucus, Nutt. ; Hook., Fl. II., 178 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1826. /. chloranlhug, Richards; Hook., Fl. II., 177. Rather rare along river banks eastward but abundant on the prairies and westward to the Pacific. Sand beach at Belledune, X.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and on clitfs along the Gaspe coast. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands and Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Murray Bay, River St. Lawrence. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Bank of the Moira and in a field near Belleville ; rocky banks Shannonville, and swamp three miles south of Marmora, Hastings Co. ; marsh at Chicken Baj-, Lake Hui-on. (Macoun.) Island Harbor, and Drummond Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Shaded river bank, Southampton, and Elora, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common throughout the prairie region extending westward through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald. (Macoun.) Near Turtle Mountain and westward on the 49th parallel to the Milk River, and Crow Nest Pass in the Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Fort Selkirk, Yukon River, lat. 62° 45'. (Schwatka.) Kotzebue Sound, Port Clarence, Aj-ctic coast and Fort Yukon. (Rothr. Alask.) Banks of the St. Lawrence, around Niagara Falls, and on the bordere of Lakes Erie and Huron. In the valle3-s of the Rocky Mountains near the sources of the Columbia and on the banks of the Saskatchewan and Red rivers. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 53 (2353.) Z. venenosus, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad., XIV., 279. 7.. Nultallii, Gray ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1827. Leimanthium NnttaUii, Hook., Fl. II., 177. Quite common on the upper slopes of the Cypress Hills and west- ward through the foot-hills to Castle Mountain in the Eocky Moun- tains. (Macoun.) AVood Mountain, 49th parallel, 1874. {Millman. Burgess.) Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Foioler.) Lytton, B.C. (Mill.) Milk Eiver Ridge, Alberta ; Nicola A'"alley, and Drew Harbor, B.C. North point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia. (Dawson.) Abun- dant in the Fraser Valley ; and around Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Very abundant in the southern part of Vancouver Island, and extending to Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.)- Locally named " Poison Caniass/' as the bulb is poisonous. (2354.) Z. paniculatus, Watson, Rep. King's Kxp. V., 344. Ihlouuif paniculala, Nutt, Journ. Phil. Acad., VII., 57. Apparently rare, on the great plains, as none of our collectors, so far as I am aware, have even gathered the plant. According to Dr. Watson it ranges from Nevada to the Saskatchewan. CVIII. PONTEDEEIACE^. Pickerel-weed Family. 634. PONTEDERIA, Linn. fPICKEREL-WEED.) (2355.) P. cordata, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. Frequent in ponds and by lake margins. Mai'shes near CapeBlomi- don, N.S. (Macoun.) Windsor, Halifax, Pictou, Mahone Bay and Truro, N.S. (Sonimers, Cat.) Shallow water, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Kennebeccasis, near the railway station, Fredericton, Grand Lake, several places on the St. John River, Tobi- que Lake, Norton, Clifton Lake, and common in western parts of Charlotte Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Port St. Francois, Nicolet, Q. (St. Cyr.) Lake St. Augustine, Q. (Thomas.) Very abundant in small lakes near Lake of the Three Mountains, and in sheltered parts of Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q, (D' Urban.) Mouth of Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, ^1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Nation, Eideau and Ottawa rivers, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) In streams inland, fj-om Prescott northward ; very common. (Billings.) Common in all slow- flowing rivers and lakes, and ponds throughout the northei'n counties of 54 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Ontario. (Macoun.) Burlington Beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Moon Eiver, Muskoka Co., Ont., and Pany Sound, Geoi-gian Bay. {Burgess.) St. Joseph Harbor, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Ft.) Var. angustifolia, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 545. P. angustij'olia, Pursh, FI. I., 224. This variety is very distinct from the species if the form of the leaf only is considered. The St. Clair specimens have leaves fully eight inches long and not at all cordate at the base. Many of the references given with the species very likely belong here, but we have no means of determining without the specimens. Shallow water, Norton, N.B. {Hay.) St. Clair Eiver, Ont. {J. M. Macoun.) Still water, Trent Eiver, above Heely Falls, Northumberland Co.; and Lake Isaac, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. {Macoun.) In water at Pany Sound, Georgian Bay. {Burgess.) 635. HETERANTHERA, Ruiz. vWATER-STAR GRASS.) (2356.) H. graminea, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. 1., 32. LeptanOms grammevg, Micbx. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. Schollera graminea, Willd. ; Graj', Man. Ed.V., 545 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1906. Abundant at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl.Ott.) In gravel along the north shore of Lake Ontario and the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and at Weller's Bay, Prince Edward Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont., on the lake shore. {Buchan.) On the lake shore at Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) CIX. XYEIDE^E. Yellow-eted-grass Family. 636. XYRIS, Linn. (YELLOW-EYED GRASS.) (2357.) X. flexuosa, Muhl., var. pusilla, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 548. X. Caroliniana, Pursb, Fl. I., 33, in part X Jupacai, Michx., Fl. I., 23, in part. This form is easily distinguished from the species by being without the bulbous base. The writer believes it to be a distinct species and ■wholly separate from JT. flexuosa. Peat bogs and wet sandy shores in CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 55 the northern forest region of Ontario anil the eastern provinces. Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Peat bogs, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Bobert.) Kendrick's Lake, near St. Stephen ; Point de Bute, Westmoreland Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Blackstone Lake, and Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) ex. .TUNCACE.E. Eush Family. 637. JUNCUS, Linn. Gen. 437. iRUSH, BOG-RUSH.) (2358.) J. effusus, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. IL, 190. Frequent iu ditches and boggy places throughout the eastern pro- vinces ; Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Windsor, Bedfoi'd, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Magdalen Ifelands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Ricliardson.) Truro, Halifax, Annapolis and Yarmouth, N.S. ; also in the river valley at Whycocomagh, t'ape Breton. (Maeoun.) Abun- dant in marshy ground, New Bi-unswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Pentecost River, Levis, and Bagged Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Ditches in McKay's Woods and other places at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) In low swampy grounds near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Ditche^i at Owen Sound, and in meadows at Fort William and west- ward up the Kaministiqua River. (Macoun.) Liiko Wabatongwashene, Ont.^' York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Belt.) Moose Factory. James Bay. (Cottar & Hayden.) Rather common in springy places through- out the southern half of Vancouvei- Island, extending to Qualicum,and Barclay Sound. (Macoun.) Var. brunneus, Engelra. Proc. Calif. Acad. II., 491. Abundant on the islands in Barclay Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoxm.) Var. conglomeratus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 537. In the same situations as the species, but less common. Not com- mon in low grounds at Annapolis, N.S., and at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Fredricton, N.B., and elsewhere; not common. (Fowler, Cat.) (2359.) J. filiformis, Linn. ; Hook, Fl. IL, 190. Rather common along river margins, in gravel, and on lake shores ; 56 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. widely dittused. Bedford, near Halifax, X.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Low meadows, North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Truro, and Yar- mouth, N.S. {Macoun.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (J. Richardson.) Eichibucto, Ivouchibouguac, Woodstock and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Wet meadow^;, Gaspe Basin, Q. Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bolder of Black Creek, Grimsthorpe, Hastings Co.; abundant at Elliott's Falls. Gull Eirer, Victoria Co., Ont. ; White Eiver. north of Lake Superior ; in wet meadows. Fort William, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T.. and Fort George, James Bay. (./. M. Macoun.) Moose Fac- tory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Shore of Little Slave Lake and along the Saskatchewan at Fort Carleton, and along Bow Eiver, above Calgary ; in a boggy spot ou the " Tote Eoad," one mile west of the Selkirk summit, B.C.. 1885. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan Eiver to Bear Lake and English Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Southern Greenland. (Hook., Arct. Pi.) (23(50.) J. Balticus, Var. /J. littoralis, Engclm.. .Mon. June. 442. ./. Ballicm, Detliard. ; Hook., Fl. II., 180. /. glaucuf, Rich., App. page 11. Sandy shores of lakes and by the sea ; not rare. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Along the coast at Yarmouth and Ti-uro. X.S. (ifacoun.) Common on the coast of Kent Co., X.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Along the coast of Anticosti, at Salt Lake and Jupiter Eiver; Gaspd Basin and along the coast to Matane, Q. (Macoun.) Mingan Islands, Eiver St. Lawrence. (St. Cyr.) Along the St. Lawrence Eiver at Prescott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings. > Abundant at West Lake, Pi-ince Edward Co. and around Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario, and five miles liorth of Trenton, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Sault Ste. Mavie, and along the northeast coa^t of Lake Superior ; Poplar Eiver, Lake Xipigon and westward. (Macoun.) Sandy shore of Toronto Island, and at Southampton, Lake Huron. (Burgess.) Fort George, James Ba3\ (/. M. Macoun.) Xorth end of Lake Winnipeg, and Knee Lake, Keewatin, (B. Bell.) The panicle of the sea coast foim is much more compact than that from the Great Lakes. Var, )'. montanus, Engelm., Mon. June, 442. J. Balticus, Hook., Fl. II., 189, in part. This form is abundant throughout the prairie region, extending from the eastern border at Eed Eiver across the prairies and through the Eocky Mountains to Donald on the Columbia. (Macoun.) Sas- katchewan Eiver near the mountains, and at Little Slave Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 57 (2361.) J. Lescurii, Bolander, Bot. Calif., Vol. II., 205. /. Ballicvs, var. Pacificuf, Engelm., ^Mon. .Tunc, 442. Our own specimens and those of Dawson, of this species, collected on Vancouver Island, arc easily separated from those of the closely re- lated J. Balticm, b\-theii- seeds, which are of a lii^hter color and less apiculate, and by their brown margined perianth scales. Abundant in salt marshes and on sand along the coast of Vancouver Island ; near Victoria, Nanaimo, Departui'e Ray, Qualic-um, Comox, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Blenldnsop Bay, Vancouver Island, 1885 ; Lewis Eiver, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. (Dawson.) All references to .7. Balticus on the Pacific coast are placed below. North West America. {Hooker, Fl.) Cape Espenberg, Norton Sound, and Ounalashka. {Rothr. Alas};.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) (2362.) J. arcticus, Wilkl.; Hook., Fl. II., 189, in part. We know iKitliiuf;- of this species. Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Mossy soil, Middliattwack Islands, Cumberland Gulf, and Scott's Bay. (J. Taylor.) Greenland. (Hook. Arct. PL) Var. SitchensiS, Engelm., Mon. June, 445. Engelmann says that this variety is found on both sides of Behring Straits and on the island of Kodiak. Bartlett Bay Alaska. (Meehan.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Point Mulgrave, Behring Straits. (Hooker, Fl.) (2363.) J, Drummondii, E. Meyer. Ledeb. Flor. Boss. IV., 235. J. arclicw, var. /i. (jracilix, Hook., Fl. II., 189. Quite common on the higher Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward ; appearing again on all the high mountains about the sources of Bear Creek, Selkirk Mountains. (Ifacoun.) At a great elevation in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Western summit of the_ North Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Bawson.) Ouna- lashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2364.) J. Parryi, Engelm., Mon. June, 446. /. arclicus, var. gracilh f Gray in PI. Parry, 34. On the western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, and on the summit of the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) On the grassy summits of the mountains near the Glacier Hotel, Selkii-k Mountains. Specimens over a foot high and having all the characters of this species were gathered in quantity during the past summer (1887) on Mount Benson and Mount Mark, alt. 3,000 feet, and on Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,000 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 58 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 2365.) J. trifldus, Linn.; Engelm., Men. June. 447. Mountain summits or far north. Newfoundland. (Engelmann.) Sum- mit of Mount Albert, Gaspd, Q., alt. 4,000 feet, 1882. {Macoun. Porter.) Southern Greenland. {Hook. Arct. PL) (2366.) J. biglumis, Linn. ; Hook.. Fl. 11., 192. Arctic sea-coast and islands; Tlockj Mountains, north of Smoking Eiver ; Bay of Good Hope, Behring Straits. {Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Port Kennedy, Boothian Peninsula. {Dr. Walker.) Coast to snow line on both sides of Baffin Bay. (/. Taylor.) Greenland. {R. Brown.) (2367.) J. triglumis, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic coasts. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. (Barnston.) In mountain woods, along' streams on mud at Castle Mountain ana Kicking Hoi-se Lake, Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Fort George and the South' Twin Island, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast; alpine swamps in the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. {R. Brown.) (2368.) J. stygius, Linn. ; Engelm., Mon. June, 448. Peat bogs, and northward rather rare or seldom collected. Peat bogs at Eichibucto and Point Escuminac, Andover and Salmon Eiver, and near St. John, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. {Chalmers.) Dalhousie, N.B. {Fletcher) Peat bog. Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Maroun.) Newfoundland. (Engelmann.) (2369.) J. castaneus, Smith ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Mountain summits and Arctic shores. Ungava Bay, Labrador coast. {Barnston.) Ellis Baj-. Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Abundant along the Bow Eiver at Castle Mountain, and westward in the river valley and over the summit to Kicking Hoi'se Lake, where it is particjilarly abundant, 1885. {Macoun.) Lewis Eiver, lat. 61° north of British Columbia. {Daicson.) York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Edmonton on the Saskatchewan, and west to the Eocky Mountains, thence to Bear Lake ; North West coast, from Ounalashka to Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, Fl.) Grows where water has stood in the eai'ly part of the season, west side of Cumberland Gulf. (J. Tiiylor.) Greenland. (jR. Brown.) (2370.) J. Vaseyi, Engelm., Mon. June, 488. Wet or damp meadows, chiefly in the prairie region. Meadows at the Pic, Lake Superior, and on Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; not CATALOGUE or CANADIAN PLANTS. 59- uncommon on the praii-ies as far west as Brandon. As this species has a close resemblance to J. tenuis, it is probable that it is often passed over for that species. On the Saskatchewan. (Bourgeau.) Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) (2371.) J. Creenii, Oakes & Tuckerm. Sill. Journ. 45 (1843.) Very likely rare in all parts of Canada, or may be overlooked as a form of J. tenuis. Wet sandy places, Kouchibouguasis, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Wet sand, shore of Hog Liike, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy shore and crevices of rocks, Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (2372.) J. tenuis, Willd.; Hook., FJ. II., 191; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. J. Ucoruh, Pursh, Fl. I., 236; Michx., Fl. I., 191. Eather common from the Atlantic to the Pacific, usually in boggy pas- tures or along old roads in woods. On Halifax Common, N.S. [Sommers.) Common at Truro, Wind-sor and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet places, (Joldenviilc, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common; Hope- well Cape, and Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Valcartier and Beau- mont, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Flet'her, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in wet meadows in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Neighborhood of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Niagai-a Falls, and low grounds at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet meadows, Owen Sound ; Little Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; very abundant throughout the pi-airie region and northward in the mixed forest country to the Peace Eiver. (Macotm.) Kabinakagami Lake, Ont. ; Oxford House and Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (iZ. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; and Souris Eiver, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Eather common in meadows and damp pastures in many parts of Vancouver Island, especially around Victoria. (Macoun.) Pitt Eiver, B.C. (Hill.) Lake Huron to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the sources of the Columbia in the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. p. secundus, Engelm., Mon. June, 450. Apparently rare or seldom collected. Bass, and Salmon rivers, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Occasionally met with between Edmonton and Little Slave Lake. Our specimens ai'e fi-om this region. (Macoun.) Var. ;'. congestus, Engelm., Mon. June, 450. Common in numerous meadows, at Oak Bay and Cedar Hill, near \'ietoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) ■60 GEOLOGICAL SUBVET OF CANADA. (2373.) J. Cerardi, Lois. Notic. GO, (1810.) (BLACK GRASS.) In salt marshes along the Atlantic coast. Windsor, N.S. (Howe.) Salt marshes at Truro and Annapolis. X.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands and Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Salt mai-shes at Kou- chibouguasis, and St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beaumont Lake, Q. (St. Cyr.) Salt marsh at the head of James Bay, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.') (2.374.) J. bufonius, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 190; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. Abundant in suitable localities from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus and Petty Harbor, Newfoundland. (B. Bell.) Boggy places at Annapolis and Yarmouth, X.S. (Macoun.) Very common through- out New Brunswick. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant at Salt Lake and .Tupiter Elver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Thunder River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hamilton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., y. (D' Urban.) Low wet places, quite common at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Piescott, •Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in overflowed spots by brooks and rivers in central Ontario, and around Lake Superior. (Alacoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) On roadsides at Port Stanley, Lake Erie, and at Poj-t Arthur, on Lake Superior. (Burgess.) Abun- dant on mud by rivers throughout the prairie region and on the Cypress Hills ; also abundant in muddy places on Vancouver Island, at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake; North West coast, abundant. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange). Var. fascJculiflorus, Boiss. ; Engelm. 3Ion. June. 451. Apparently rare or overlooked. Muddy places at Belleville, Ont., 1870 ; in abundance on King's Farm, Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. Easily distinguished from the species by the flowers gathered in fascicles in.stead of being single on the branches as in the species. (2375.) J. falcatus, K. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 34. /. Menziem, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 192. Very abundant on the grassy margins of lakes ; amongst gravel in many parts of Vancouver Island. Shawnigan Lake ; various places at Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni ; also at Home and Cameron lakes. (Macoun.) Nimpkish Lake, north end of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) North West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2376.) J. longistylis, Torrey, Bot. Mex. Bound., 323. /. Menzksii, Gray, PL, Hall & Harb., 77. Abundant on manj- parts of the prairie region. Eather com- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 61 men at Windsor on the Detroit Eiver, 1885. (Macoun.) First Branch of Milk Eiver, 49th parallel. (Bauson.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. j\f. Macoun.) Frequent in damp grassy thickets from Winnipeg to Edmonton and south to the Cypress Hills and Calgary, from thence up the Bow Eiver to Laggan, in the centre of the Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) (2377.) J. marginatus, Eostk. var. paucicapitatus, Engelm., Mon. June, 455. The only localitj^ for this species known to us is Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont., 1868. {Macoun.) Engelmann in " Normal Herbarium" credits his No. 34 to Canada West, on the authorit}' of Bigelow. (2378.) J. pelocarpus, l-^. Meyer. Synops. Luzul. 30. /. Conrudi, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 482. /. aculifloTU.% Hook., Fl. II., 190. In wet sand along rivers or lakes, apparently rare. From New- foundland westward to Lake Superior. (Engelmann.) Bocabec, and Quaco, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) On the bank of the Ottawa, above Britannia, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Ft. Ott.) On the shores of lakes and small streams in North Hastings and Addington Co's., Ont. {Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore, Lake Joseph, Sluskoka Co, Ont. {Burgess.) Var. ;' (?) subtilis, Engelm., Mon. .Tunc, 456. J.fluitans, Michx., Fl. I., 191. /. vliginoms, ji. mbtilis, Hook., Fl. IT., 191. Chicoutimi, about 100 miles north of Quebec. {Michaux.) The above locality was given to Dr. Engelman by Prof Ovide Brunet, of Laval University, Quebec. Both are now dead. (2379.) J. articulatus, Linn.; Engelm., Mon. June, 458. Engelmann states that this species, as far as he is aware, is confined to the New England States, and that the next species takes its place to the northward and westward. Wet ditch at Windsor, N.S., and at Noi-th Sydney, Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Hampton, Petit- codiac, Baie Verte, and Clifton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Fox Eiver, Gasp6 coast. {Macoun.) 62 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (2380.) J. alpinus, Villars., var. insignis, Fries. J. RicJuxnlsonianux Roem. & Schult. ; Hook. Fl. II., 191. /. acMtiflorus, Hook., Fl. II., 190. ./. pelocarpus, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 507, in part. /. articulal-as, var. pelocarpus. Gray, Man. Ed. XL, 482, in part. /. vliginoms, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Very abundant by lake and river margins, in sand or gravel. Very often in the water, and sometimes floating or reclining or rooting in the mud. On sand, Liscomb Eiver, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Magdalen Islands, X.S. (./. Richardson.) Truro, N.S. ; South West Point, Salt Lake, and .Jupiter Eiver, AnLicosti ; Eiver Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp6, (J. {Macoun ) Island of Orleans. (St. Oyr.) Abundant on sandy banks of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Muddy or gravelly places along the Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Ditches and boggy places, at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Common in wet sandy places along the Great Lakes and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; . at Southampton, Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. {Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Very abundant along all the water courses and fresh water lakes in the prairie region, and extending north to the Peace Eiver and Athabasca; specimens from Thunder Creek, Cypress Hills, Bow Eiver at Calgary ; Kananaskis, Castle Mountain and Kicking Horse Lake, in the Eocky Mountains ; abundant on the borders of Home, Cameron and Shawnigan lakes. Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Wooded countiy to the Mackenzie Eiver; Arctic .sea-coast, and from Slave Lake to the Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Two remarkable forms of this species have been gathered on Vancouver Island. A form floating on mud in a small lake at the Wellington Mine, Departure Bay, exactly matches specimens received from the British Museum without a name, gathered by Barclay at Port Etches, Alaska. The other is a tall, less compact form than the species, with longer scales, and in most cases two or more viviparous flowers in the heads. The latter was collected at Home Lake, July 27, 1887. (2381.) J. militaris, Bigelow, Fl. Bost. Ed. II. 139, (1824.) Apparently very rare in the Maritime Provinces. Wet places, Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. {Faribault.) Near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) (2382.) J. acuminatus, Michx., var. a. legitimus, Engelm., Mon. June, 463. /. acuminatus, Michx., Fl. I., 192. J. paradoxus, E. Meyer. ; Graj', Man. Ed. II., 481. J.fraternus, Kunth. Enum. III., 332. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 63 We have no authentic specimens of this species except from the shores of Lake Erie, at Pelee Point, and from Essex Centre, on the Canada Southern Bail way, 1882. (Macoun.) (2383.) J. nodosus, var. n. genuinus, Engelm.,Mon. June, 471. /. nodo^^us, Linn; Gray, Man. Ed. II., 4!-2 ; Macoun,Cat No. 1898. J. polycephalus, var. S- tenuifolius, Hook., Fl. II., 190. J. Rostkovii, La Harpe, Men. June., 133. J. echinatus, Muhl. Rich., App. p. 11. Quite common in many localities, ranging from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Wot sandy bottom, at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoim.) Bestigouche, Campbellton, Andover, Salmon River, Green Eiver and Upper St. John, KB. {Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Fox Eiver, Gaspe coast. {Macoun.) St. Charles Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.] Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Border of Salmon Eiver, near Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; in small brooks, Victoria Co., and at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Wet river flat, London, and at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) La Cloche Island, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) Xorth shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Shores of Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, and on the shore of Lake Nipigon, at Humboldt Bay. (Macoun.) Elk Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J.M. Macoun.) Eather common in the bed of the Saskatchewan and its branches ; not detected in the Eocky Mountains, and only .spriringly at Donald, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Along the Thompson Eiver, at Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Fletcher.) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, ^Fl.) The tall form mentioned by Dr. Gray (Manual 542) as occurring on the islands above Niagara Falls, has been gathered at Point aux Pins, Lake Erie, by Dr. Burgess. Var. megacephalus, Torr., Bot. N. York II., 326. /. megacephalus. Wood, Bot., 724. Low rich soil or lake margins. Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. (Burgess. Macoun.) Burlington Marsh, near Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Abundant in many places in low wet situations throughout Manitoba, extending west to the File Hills and Elbow of the South Saskatchewan. (Macoun.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2384.) J. Canadensis, J. Gay, var. a, coarctatus, Engelm., Mon. June, 473. /. Canadensis, ji, 3. Gay, La Harpe Mon., 134. /. accuminatus, Torr. Bot., N. York, II., 327. /. aculiflorug, (i, minor. Hook., Fl. II , 190. (?) Low grounds, especially along lake margins ; not uncommon. Bed- 64 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ford and Pictou, X.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Eiver bottom, Whycocomagh, and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; border of a lakelet, Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Eather common in Kent Co.; Bocabec and Chipman, N.B. (^Folder, Cat.) Campbellton, X.B. (Chalmers.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Borders of various lakes in Hastings, Addington, and Victoria Go's., Ont. (Macoun.) Low sandy places, Port Cock- burn. Muskoka Co. ; also in ditches at Leamington, Ont. (Burgess.) Point Edward, Lake St. Clair, Ont. ; Lake ilistassini, N.E.T. (j. itfL Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Var. d. longecaudatus, Engelm., Mon. June, 474. /. paradoxus. Gray, Man. Ed. II, 483. /. polycephalw, ^, paradoxus, Torr. Bot, N. York, 11., 327. Easily separated from the preceding variety, as it is much taller and has many flowered head.s. Common in Kent Co., N.B. (Fouler. Cat.) Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont., and Point Edward, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Burgess.) (2385.) J. Mertensianus, Bong. Veg. Sitcha, (1833.) J. ensifoliiw:, var. minor, Hook , Fl. II., 191, in part. Wet places along mountain brooks. Camp Akamina, Eoeky Moun- tains, 6,000 feet alt, South Kootanie Pass, 49th rarallel. (Dawson.) On the summit of Copper and Castle mountains, Kockj^ Mountains. (Macoun.) Alpine swamps of the Eocky Mountains, north of the Smoky Eiver; Sitka to Ounalasbka. (Hooker, FL) Var. /i, paniculatUS, Engelm., Mon. June, 479. Collected in the Eocky Mountains along the Bow Eiver, by Bour- geau. (Engelmann.) (2386.) J. xiphoides, E. Meyer, Var. ;'. montanus, Engelm., Mon. June, 481. /. ensifoliu.% var. major, Hook., Fl. II., 191. Not uncommon in the Eocky Mountains. South Fork of Belly Eiver, 49th parallel ; Flathead Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) In brooks in the Cypress Hills, and westward along the Bow Eiver throughout the Eocky Mountains, and northward along the North Saskatchewan, at Fort Pitt and Edmonton ; also along Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 65 Var. (>'. littoralis, Engelm., Mon. June, 481. Abundant along the Somas Eiver, at Alberni, and in marshes cover- ed by high tide at the mouth of that river, on the west coast of Van- couver Inland. 1887. (Macoun.) Var. d. macranthus, Engelm., Mon. June, 482. J- polycephalua, var. cramfolius, Hook., Fl. II., 190, in part. Ounalashka, North West coast, and Cascade Mountains. (Engelmnnn.) Common in ditches and by the margins of brooks, rivers and lakes, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nimpki.«h Lake, Vancouver Island. {Dawson.) Fort Wran- gel, Alaska. ( Meehan.) North We.st coa.st ; frequent. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. f. triandrus, Engelm. Mon. .Tunc, 482. J. eitsifoliw, var. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 190, in part. From Ounalashka to the Cascade Mountains. (Engelmann.) Abun- dant on the margins of lakes and by streams, on Vancouver Island, Langford Lake, Horno Lake, and Barclay Sound. {Macoun.) Sitka to Ounalashka. {Hooker, Fl.) (2387.) J. Nevadensis, "Watson, Procod. Am. Acad. XIV., 303. J. jihuvccpltaltiK, var. (jra, Engelm., Mon. June, 484. Ladner's Landing, and New Westminister, along the Fraser River, B.C., 1883. {Fletcher.) Abundant in marshes at the head of Barclay Sound, and along Chinaman Creek and Somas River that flow into it, on the west coast of Vaiu^ouver Island. {Macoun.) (2388.) J^ supiniformis, Engelm., Mon. June, 461. Stems generally floating in water and often rooting at the nodes. Where the water recedes the plants grow upright and the heads are larger. Small ponds at the mouth of the Somas River, and along Sproat Lake, six miles from Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macmn.) 638. LUZULA, DC. (WOOD-RUSH.) (2389.) L. spadicea, DC, var. parviflora, Meyer, Linmea, XXII., 399. L. Ttulanocarpa, var. fi, Hook., Fl. II., 188. X. gpadicea, Macoun, Cat, No. 1879. This form is abundant in favourable places from the Atlantic to the 5 66 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Pacific, but is always found in cool situations. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Xewfoundland. (Cormack.) Nain, coast of Labrador. (E. Bell.) Upper Gaspereau, Queen's Co., N.B. (Wet%wre.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gasp6, Q. (Macoun. Porter.) Thunder River, Q. iSt.Cyr.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. 31. Macoun.) Common along the north shore of Lake Superior and west- ward to Eainy Lake, and the Lake of the Woods ; abundant in the Eocky Mountains, from Canmore west to Hector ; common along small streams in the mountainous parts of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Goose Creek [Mountains, 5,800 feet alt., Cariboo, B.C. (Bowman.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) Sitka, Ounalashka. and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meelian.) North West America, from the Columbia to Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. melanocarpa, E. Meyer. L.parviflora, \aT. melanocarpa, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 536. Juncus melanocarpus, Michx., Fl. I., 190 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. This form is easiij' distinguished from the pi-ecediog by its dark brown capsules, and the more contracted habit of the inflorescence. Labrador. {Dr. Morrison.) St. John, N.B. (Millman.) Shore of Lake Superior, at the Pic, and along Current River, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) ObaLake, Ont. ; Hayes River, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) On the higher Rocky Mountains, in the Bow River Pass, and north- ward to the Peace River Pass, lat. 56°, and west to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Camp Akamina, 49th parallel. South Kootanie Pass, and western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Moun- tains; Klootch-oot-a Lake, B.C.; Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, and hills north of Finlayson Lake, lat. 61° 40". (Bauson.) Kotzebue Sound- (Beechy.) Throughout the wooded country to the prairies of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. subcongesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 202. Not uncommon in the mountains near lat. 49°. Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, and in the South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Moun- tains. (Dawson.) A form between this and var. parviflora has been gathered at Golden City, in the Columbia Valley. The capsules and sepals are very light colored, and approach the west coast form of the above variety. (Macoun.) (2390.) L. divaricata, Watson, Proced. Am. Acad. XIV., 302. Abundant in deep shade along the mountain brooks at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, and probably common, though overlooked. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 67 Vicinity of Vancouver city, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) This species seems to have very light-colored capsules and .sepals, and has a very different cyme from var. parviflora, which is well described by the name. (2391.) L. pilosa, Willd.; Hook., Fl. II., 188. Not uncommon in rich, and sandy woods throughout Ontario, but more sparingly distributed eastward. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Truro, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in old fields, N.B. (Foivler, Cat.) Gomin- woods, near Quebec. {St.Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Thickets at Kingston and London, Ont. (Millman.) Sandy woodland near London, Ont. (Burgess.) Open woods at Sudbury Junction, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing; not uncom- mon in woods at Belleville and numerous places in the adjoining coun- ties; woods at Nipigon, Lake Superioi-, and on top of a clay bank twenty-five miles up the Kaministiqua River, (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, FL) (2392.) L. campestris, Desv., var. a. vulgaris, Hook., Fl. IL, 188. Juncus camijcgtrif, WillJ. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 238. Rather common in dry meadows, or open woods. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) New Harbor, Newfoundland. (Rev. A. Waghorne.) Hali- fax, N.S. (Sommers.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (./. Richardson.) Truro, Yarmouth, and Kingston, N.S. (Macoun.) Dry fields; common, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) South side of Gasp^ Basin, Q. (J. Bell.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Thicket a mile west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Dry woods and meadows at Belleville, and Shannonville, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy woodland, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Thickets at Kingston , and Lon- don, Ont. (Millman.) This variety has dense brown heads and is quite distinct in color from the next, which has pale heads of fruit and flowers. Var. li. pallescens, Hook., Fl. II , 188. Quite common in meadows at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan, and from the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. ;/. comosa, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Flowers in a dense solitary brown head. Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) The forms of this and the following species require careful examina- tion and comparison with European species, and indeed the whole genus is much in need of a complete revision. 68 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2393.) L. comosa, H Meyer. Linnjea. XXII., 413. Like the preceding species this is subject to manj' varieties, and being seldom collected its range can scarcely be made out. Not un- common in old fields and by roadsides at Victoria, and near the sum- mit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,200 feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Nootka Sound, and Port Mulgrave ; from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. macrantha, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. As we understand this variety, its sepals are long with a dark brown centre, the end and sides being scariuus and white. Abundant at Victoria, Cedar Hill, Nanaimo, and Chase Eiver, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Coast of Vancouver Island. {Cowley.) Var. subsessilis, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. Much like the preceding, but the heads few or solitary, and almost sessile, approaching the next but easily distinguished by the scarious, brownish bracts. Abundant under oaks at Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. {Macotm.) Var. congesta, Watson, Bot. Calif. II., 203. i. compc.«(ri.«, \ar. con^fsta, Meyer, (as regards America-) Very abundant everywhere along the coast of Vancouver Island,, but particularly at Nanaimo ; Fort McLeod, B.C., lat. 55°. (Macoun.) Around Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2394.) L. spicata, Desv. : Hook., Fl. II., 188. High mountains and far northward. Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barn- ston.) Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Stupart's Bay, Cape Prince of Wales, and Nottingham Island, off Cape Wolstenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. (Beechy.) Labrador, and Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) On the summits of the higher Rocky Mountains, at Castle Mt., and Kicking Horse Lake, Bow River valley. (Macoun.) Island of St. Lawience, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Hooker, Arct. PI.) A large form found growing in abundance on Mount Arrrowsmith, Vancouver Island, at an altitude of 5,200 feet, is referred to this species by Dr. Britton, of Columbia College. Many specimens are almost a foot high, and have a spike from, an inch to an inch and a half long. The lowest spikelet is rather remote, and usually has a bract longer than the whole spike. Scales very long and ciliate. (Macoun.) (2395.) L. hyperborea, R. Br., var. a. major, Hook., Fl. II., 188. Apparently confined to the northern coasts and islands. Cumberland CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 69 Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Nottingham Island, off Cape Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Between Fort Churchill and Repulse Baj-, and thence to Cape Ladj' Felly. (Dr. Mae.) Point Banow, Arctic sea. (John Murdoch.) Arctic sea-coasts and islands. (^Hooker, Fl.) Var. /i. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 189. Most elevated of the Rock}- Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lange, in the Botany of Greenland, refers this variety to L. arctiea, Blytt. The whole genus seems in great confusion and needs complete revision. (2396.) L. arcuata, Hook , Fl. II., 189. Oq high mountains and northward. Cumberland Islands, Arctic coast. (Parry.) Ungava Bay, Labrador. (Barnston.) Xachvak, coast of Labrador; Cape Chudleigh, and Nottingham Island, off Cape Wol- stenholme, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Kotzebue Sound. (Beechy.) Lancaster Sound, and Port Kennedy. (Br. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) CXI. TYPHACE.E. Cat-tail Familv. 639. TYPHA, Linn. Gen. 1040. (CAT-TAIL FLAG.) (2397.) T. latifolia, Linn.; Hook., Fl. IL, 170. Common in marshes and ponds from the Atlantic to the Pacific. We are not aware of any difference of form between the specimens collected in the Atlantic provinces and those collected on Vancouver Island. Throughout Canada to Fort Franklin. (Hooker, Fl.) (2298.) T. angustifolia, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 480. Apparently rare in Canada, but possiblj^ overlooked. Beaver Bank, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Windsor, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh near the railway, two miles south of Madoc, Hastings Co., Ont. (Ami.) Eeferied to Newfoundland by Eeeks, but of doubtful occurence. 640. SPARCANIUM, Linn. Gen. 1041. (BUR-REED.) (23990 S. eurycarpum, Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. S. ramomm, Huds. ; Hook., Fl. II., 169, in part. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Chiefly along the margins of 70 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ponds and lakes. Xewfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, Pictou, and Oyster Ponds, Guysboio Co., N.S. (Symmers, Cat.) Kentville, and Cape Blomidon, N.S. . (Macoun.) Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Com- mon at St. Louis Dam and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in marshes near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Common in the Bay of Quinte and in the still waters of the Trent Eiver, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont., and in the Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Ivemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) In water at London, and Newboro, Ont. (Millman.) Ponds, Cypress Hills. Alberta. (Macoun.) (2400.) S. androcladum, Morong. (MS.) .S'. ramontm, Smith, ; Piirsh, Fl. II., 33 ; Hook., Fl. II., 169, in part. S. simplix, var. androcladum, Engelm. Gray, Man. Ed. V.,481 ; Macoun, Cat No. 1722, var. androcladum. Eeferences made to S. eurycarpum, no doubt, in some cases belong here, but except as regards our own specimens we have no means of determining. Indian Cove, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lachine "Wood, near Montreal, 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Common in the Nation Eiver at Cassclman, near Ottawa; in the Bay of Quinte, and not infrequent on the margins of ponds and lakelets in central Ontario. (Macoun.) At London, Ont. ; and in Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Not uncommon in marshes near Cedar Hill, and at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. fluctuans, Morong. (MS.) 6'. simplcu-, \a.T. fliiilanf, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. \'., 481 The branched infloresence includes this form with S. androcladum. Marshes, Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers) Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (./ M. Macoun.) (2401.) S. Simplex, Huds. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 34; Hook., Fl. IL, 169. .S'. simplex, Huds., var. Xuttallii^ Engelm. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 481. Under one form or another this species extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Miss Brenton.) Labrador. (Butler.) Windsor, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Smith's Mills, near Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Mai-shy brook at Windsor, N.S ; Black Creek, near Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi, and in Fox Eiver, Gasp(?,Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechow, Q. (St.Cyr.) In wot places and borders of lakes, Bass Eiver, and Welsford ; St. CATALOOUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 71 John Co.. N.B. {Foxder, Cat.) Meadows near Gregory's, Montreal, 1821. (D/-. mimes.) Durham, Q. {McGill Coll. Serb.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; common. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Muddy Creek, near Huckle- berry Eapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. {B' Urban.) Conway's Ci-eek and other places ; common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Mud, in the bed of small streams and along lakes and ponds in central Ontario. (Macoun ) In water, London, and Hatchley, Ont. (Burgess.) Abun- dant in the mouths of the Kaministiqua ]viver, and in marshes, Nipi- gon Bay, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; and Nelson River, Keewatin. (R.Bell.) Thunder Creek, at the Elbow of South Saskatchewan, Assiniboia ; abundant in marhsy places, along lakes and ponds tha-oughout Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Qualicum, on the east coast; and in the Somas and Stamp rivers at Alberni, on the west side of the island. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B.C. (Dawson.) Throughout CanaEA, Humb. & Bonpl. (2427.) L. subulata, HBK. Nov. Gen. I., 222. Hekrosliilm (jramineu)', Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundantin mud between high and low water, Somas Rivei', Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. Water always fresh. {Macoun.) 656. POTAMOCETON, Linn. Gen. 174. (POND-WEED) (2428.) P. natans, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 101; Pursh, Fl. I., 120; Hook., Fl. II., 171. Quite common in lakes, ponds, and stagnant pools, throughout the country. Cow Bay, and Halifax, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Marshes near Cape Blomidon, N.S., and in lakelets. North Sydney, Cape Breton ; in a pond at Salt Lake, Anticosti, and in lakelets along the Gasp^ coast Q. {Macoun.) In slow flowing waters, Salmon River, Kent Co., and Clifton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Eiver St. Pierre, near Montreal, 1821. {Br. Holmes.) Abundant in the Eiver Rouge, in quiet places, Argen- 6 82 GEOLOGICAI, SUEVET OF CANADA. teuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Abundant around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eailroad Bay, near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Yeiy common in nearly- all still waters throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Burlington Bay, near the beach, Hamilton, Out. (Logie.) In still water at Kingston, Ont. (Mdlman.) Marshes at Point Edward, Lake Huron- {J. M. Macoun.) Still waters, Owen Sound, Ont., and in the Kaminis- tiqua River, fifteen miles from its mouth, and in Lake Hannah, Nipigon River. {Macoun.) LakeMissinaibi, Ont. {R.Bell.) Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) Not uncommon in ponds thi-oughout the prairie region and northward to Lake Athabasca ; not uncommon in Lost Lake, Shawnigan Lake, Home Lake and Sproat Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. prolixus, Koch. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V.. 485. P. natans, var 3. (?) Hook., Fl. II., 171. Collected in flowing water near Ottawa. (McGill Coll. Herb.) A form approaching this variety was sent from London, Ont., by Burgess (.Macoun.) North West America. (Hooker, Fl.) Specimens should be gathered of all forms. (2429.) P. Oakesianus, Robbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently a rare species in Canada. In mai-shes at Ellis Bay, Antieosti, 1883. (Macoun.) (2430.) P. Claytonii, Tuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. XLV., 38. Not uncommon but seldom collected. Hampton, Salmon River, and Norton, N.B. ; rather common. (Fowler, Cat.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; abundant in streams, North Hastings ; common in Gull River, between Gull Lake and Minden, Victoria Co. ; in Gull Lake, Barrie, Addington Co. ; also in the river connecting Lake Isaac and Sky Lake, Bruce Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Blackstone Lake, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) (2431.) P. Vaseyi, Robbins, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 485. Apparently rare in Canada. Ci-ow River, above the dam at the Iron Works, Marmora, July 19th, 1864 ; Big Mud Turtle Lake, Gull River, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Rideau Canal, Ottawa. Form with floating leaves and fi'uit. (Fletclier, Fl. Ott.) In 1865 this species was sent to Sir William Hooker as F. diversifolius. Barton, and believed by him to be that species, but later investigation showed that Barton's species went with P. hybridus. About the same time CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 83 specimens were sent to Mr. W. M. Canby and Dr. Vasey, under the name mentioned above, and are likeh' in their collections now. (2432.) P. Spirillus, Tuckerman, Amor. Journ. Sei. VI. (2,Ser.)228. P. diversifoliw!, Hook., Fl. IL, 172. A lovely specie-s growing in flowing water, chiefly in the Laurentian districts of Ontario. In the Kennebeccasis at Norton ; Lake Utopia and Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Abundant in the Grand River, at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) In flowing water at Hull, Q. ; in numoious streams, North Hastings, at Partridge Lake, Grimpsthorpe and in Crow River at Marmora Iron Works; Gull River, at Elliott's Falls, and in Mountain Lake above Minden, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Norway House, head of Lake Winnipeg, to Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) (2433.) P. hybridus, Michx., Fl. I., 101. P. stUtcnis, Piirsli, Fl. I., 120. P.jUiformiit, Pursh, Herb. ; Tucker. Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 230. St. James, and St. Slcpheiis, N.B. ( Vroom.) Although we strongly suspect that the plants I'eforrod here are P. Spirillwi, there is no rea- son to doubt the occurrence of the species so far north. (2434.) P. rufescens, Schrader ; Hook., Fl. IL, 172. P fluitann, Pursh, Fl. I., 120. p. nakma, \a.T.fluitans, Torrey. ; Bot. N. York II., 254. Apparently a rare but widely diff'used species. St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) In flowing waters, Truro, N.S. ; River Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^, Q. ; abundant in flowing water in the River Trent, at the " Narrows" and in Crow River at Marmora Iron Works ; also in the North River, Belmont and in Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. ; Current River, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) River Mistassini, near Lake St. John, Q. (Michaux.) Rapids of the Niagara River, near Bath Island. (Tuckerman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin River, Ont., and Nelson River. Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Abun- dant in the mill stream at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Stagnant waters, Canada to Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) (2435.) P. lonchiteSjSjTuckerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) ' 226. Apparently very i-are or overlooked. Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Hay.) Abundant at Ottawa. A form with remai-kably long stipules. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) In ponds, London. Ont. (Burgess.) Niagara Rapids, near Bath Island, Niagara River. (Tuckerman.) 84 GEOLOGICAL SITRVEY OF CANADA. (2436.) p. amplifolius, Tuekerman, Amer. Journ. Sci. VI. (2, Ser.) 226. Not rare in deep and still water, hut seldom collected. In the mill pond at Stirling ; and Elziver, Hastings Co. ; Gull Lake, Barrie, Adding- ton Co. ; at the lower end of Big Bushkong Lake, Victoria Co., and in the Potawatamie Eiver, above Jones Falls, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) In water, Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) King's Mere and Meech's Lake, in the Chelsea Mountains, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Missinaibi River and Lake, Ont. {R. Bell.) Marshes, Burlington Bay, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Niagara River, on the Canadian side. {Tuekerman.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2437.) P. gramineus, Linn. ; Gray, Mnn. Ed. V., 487. P. hterophyllw, Schreb. ; Hook., Fl. II., 172 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 120. Common in streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In flowing water at Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique River, and Salmon River, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Lake Utopia, N.B. (Wetmore.) Little Tobique Lake, N.B. (Hay.) Titusville, N.B. (Brittain.) Flowing water at Truro, N.S. ; Salt Lake, Anticosti ; in a rapid stream between West- wood and Peterboro, Ont; vicinity of Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont.; River St. Clair, near Windsor, Ont. (Macoun.) Wabigoon River, west of Lake Superior. ( Fletcher.) Var. (near) graminifolius, Fries. In shallow water. Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Ottawa River. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Var. maximus, Morong. Flowing water, Becscie River. Anticosti. {Macoun.) Not uncom- mon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, II. Ott.) Var. heterophyllus, Fries. The common form and found throughout the country. Grand Val- ine, Gasp4 coast, Q. {Macoun.). Abundant in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Nation River, Ont. (Billings.) Mud Lake, near Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Near Belleville, Hastings Co., and general throughout central Ontario in rivers, lakes and ponds, and westward to Lake Superior, where it is particularly abundant. " (Macoun.) Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., and Mis- sinaibi River, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Jones Falls, Ont. (Millman.) Abundant in fresh water ponds through- out the prairie region, through the Rocky Mountains, and west" CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 85 ward to the Pacific, where it becomes common in ponds and lakes on Vancouver Island, near Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. (Macoun.) Cumberland House on the Saskatchewan- {Hooker, Fl.) (2438.) P. lucens, Linn. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 487. Pictou Co., N.S. {McKay.) St. Lawi-ence Eiver, at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Bay of Quinte, and in the mill pond at Stirling, and in Elziver, Hastings Co. ; also in the still waters of the Trent Eiver, Sey- mour, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Nelson Eiver, K'eewatin. (E. Bell.) (2439.) P. Zizii, Mertens & Koch. P. Ivcens, var. minor, Nolte; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 488 ; Macoun, Cat, No. 1734, var. minor. Apparently rare in Canada. Nation Eiver at Casselman, near Ottawa ; Big Bushkong and other lakes up Gull Eiver, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Meech's Lake, near Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, FL Off.) (2440.) P. praelongus, Wulfen.; Hook., Fl. IL, 172. P. Iwens, Michx., Fl. I., 102; Pursh, Fl. 1. 120. Not uncommon in deep water of lakes and' quiet rivers. Earltown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. (McKay.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; Tobi- queLake, N.B. (-Fow/er, Cai.) "Woodstock, N.B. (flay.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) St. Lawrence Eiver, near Point St. Charles, Mon- treal, 18il. (Dr. Holmes.) Bay of Quinte, at Belleville; Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario, and in deep water in the Eiver Trent, Seymoui', Northumberland Co. ; abundant in Lake Superior, at the mouth of the Kamini.sliqua, and in the lake expansions of Nipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) Goulais Eiver, Lake Superior. (R. Bell.) In the Athabasca Eiver, above Lake Athabasca, lat. 58° ; Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and Lang- foi-d and Shawnigan lakes, near Goldstreani, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) English Eiver, north of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2441.) P. perfoliatus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 101 ; Pursh, Fl. L, 120 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 172. Eather common in rivers and lakes throughout the country. Cow Bay, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Ponds and slow streams, Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Eivei s of the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence. {St. Cyr.) Eivi^i-e du Loup, Q. (Thomas.) Eiver St. Pierre and at Three Elvers, Q. 1821. (Dr. Holmes.) Green's Creek, Ottawa; very rare, only once collected. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in the Bay of Quinte, and at 88 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. Weller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Kingston. Ont. (Millman.) Canada to Slave Kiver. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. lanceolatus, Eobbins. Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 488. This seems to be the western and northern form, as it is abundant westwai-d where the species seems to be absent. St. Clair Flats, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Ottawa, in all waters. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Lake of the Woods. (Buriiess.) In the still watei-s of the lake expansions of Nipigon Eiver, and in the mouths of rivers north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; and Missinaibi River, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) James Bay, at Moose Factory. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Nelson Eiver. Keewatin. (E. Bell.) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Long Lake, north of I^gina, Assini- boia ; in a small pond on Copper Mountain, Rocky MountaJbs. (Macoun.) Lewes River, lat. 62°. (Daicson.) (2442.) P. zosterifolius, Schum.; Hook., Fl. IL, 1T2. P. compreiectinatus, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 121. P. pectinatus, var. c.Hook., Fl. II., 172. Widely distributed or confounded with P. marinus. In ponds at CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 89 Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Macoun.) Harris Cove, Norton, and Clifton, KB. {Fowler, Cat.) Along the Eiver St. Lawrence, Q. (St. Cyr.) Com- mon in the vicinity of Ottawa. The typical form. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) St. Lawrence Eiver, Conway's Creek, Nation River, and near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Jones Falls, Eideau River, Ont. (Millman.) Very com- mon in all the streams in central Ontario, and extending westerly to Victoria Co. (Macoun.) Marsh at Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. (Burgess.) South Twin Island, James Bay, and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) James Bay, near Moose Factory. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Moose Mountain Creek, Jfan. (J. M. Macoun.) Abun- dant in the Sydenham River, at Owen Sound, and in all the streams entering Lake Superior ; Reed Lake, Assiniboia, and in Red Deer River, Man. ; not uncommon in pools and slow flowing streams from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia ; in Somas and Stamp rivers, Alborni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Crow Nest Pass, Rocky Mountains ; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62° N. of British Columbia. (Dawson.) Canada to English River, and from Hudson Bay to alpine lakes in the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) Two very marked forms were found growing together at Black Rapids, Rideau River, near Ottawa, by Mr. Fletcher. Of these forms Ml". Morong writes him : — (I.) " There is no varietal name for this form, but it is bushy and densely clothed with fine setaceous leaves, and might be called var. tenuissimus, aa you suggest. (II.) This form approaches the " var. (?) latifolius" of Robbins, some of the leaves three nerved." (2450.) P. Robbinsii, Oakos, Hov. Mag. VIL, 128. Growing usually in deep water and seldom maturing its fruit. Petit- codiac and Hampton ; also Tobique Lakes, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Little Nictau Lake, N.B. (Bay.) Meech's Lake, Chelsea. Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; Crow River, Marmora iron Works; Oak Hill Pond, near Stirling, Hastings Co.; Gull River, near Elliott's Falls, and Gull Lake, near Minden, Victoria Co. ; and in the mouth of Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Oba Lake and Missinaibi River, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill, and abundant and fruiting in the Somas River at Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 90 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. 657. RUPPIA, Linn. Gen. 175. (DITCH-GRASS.) (2451.) R. maritima, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 121 ; Hook., F\. II. 170. Generally in salt ponds by the sea-coast. Abundant at Yarmouth, N.S., and in salt ponds at Baddeck, Capo Breton. (Macoun.) Growing under water in estuaries of rivers flowing into' the Gulf of St. Law- rence, New Brunswick coast. (^Fowler, Cat.) St. Andrews, N.B. ( Vroom.) Pokeseudie Gully, (Gloucester Co., N.B. (Say.) Growing profusely in the northern end of Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia, near the Canadian Pacific Eailway; in salt ponds at Qualicum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 658. ZANNICHELLIA, Linn. Gen. 1034. (HORNED PONDWEED) (2452.) Z. palustris, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 4 : Hook., Fl. II., 170. Freshwater, and brackish ponds and ditches; not rare. In the salt marsh near Truro, and at Yarmouth, N.S. ; salt ponds at Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Growing under water in streams rendered brackish by the tides. Eichibucto and Spurr's Cove, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Not uncommon at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Pools bj' the St. Lawrence River, at Pres- cott, Ont. (Billings.) Marshy ponds near Rednersville, Bay of Quinte, and in a ditch between Taylor's Hill and ^the River Moira, Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Mi(?tassini, N.E.T. ; Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) In "The River that Turns," near the Elbow of the South Saskatchewan, and numerous brackish ponds throughout the prairie region. (Macoun.) 659. ZOSTERA, Linn. Gen. 1032. iGRASS-WRACK.) (2453.) Z. marina, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Between high and low tide on both the east and west coasts. Hali- fax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) On the sea-coast at Yarmouth, and on McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, N.S. (Macoun.) Common along the coasts of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. (McKay.\ Growing under water in shallow places along the Gulf coast, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; common around the Bay of Chaleur and up the CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 91 Gasp^ coast of the St. Lawrence; abundant on both the east and west coasts of Vancouver Island, always about low water mark. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. {Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. {Lange.) 660. PHYLLOSPADIX, Hook., Fl. II., 171. (FALSE EEL-GRASS) (2454.) P. Scouleri, Hook., Fl. II., 171. Abundant on steep rocks below half tide, from the lighthouse, near Victoria, around the coast to Esquiniault Harbor; very common in tlie same situations on all the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Although much like Z. marina in general appearance, its place of growth differs so materially that the two Sfiecies need never be confounded, as this always grows on steep rocks or on boulders, while the other delights in pools with a bottom of shell mud. Fine fruiting specimens were obtained in Julj' and August, 1887. It is very likely quite com- mon on the Pacific coast, but usually confounded with Z. marina. 661. NAIAS, Linn. Gen. 1096. (NAIAD) (2455.) N. flexilis, Rostk. & Schmidt. a: Canadensis, Michx., Fl. 11., 220 ; Pursli, Fl. II., 602; Hook.,Fl. II., 170. Caullna flexilis, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 2. Locally abundant and widely distributed, extending from the Atlan- tic to the Pacific. Lake St. John, Q. (Michaiu:) Barlstown Lakes, Colchester Co., N.S. (McKay.) Amqui, Metapedia Eiver, Q. (Macoun.) Potter's Lake, St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Nation Eiver at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. (Fktclier, Fl. Ott.) Lake Ontario, at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Bay of Quinte, and in still water in all rivers and lakes of central Ontario ; also Sydenham River, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, Eiver St. Clair, Ont.; Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Head of the canal, Sault Sle Marie, Lake Superior ; occasionally met with in lakes north of the prairie ; English Lake, near Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan River a few very depauperate specimens, Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 92 GEOLOGICAL StJRVET OF CANADA. CXVir. ERIOCAULE.E. Pipewort Familt. 662. ERIOCAULON, Linn. Gen. 100. (PIPEWORT) (2456.) E. septangulare, VVith. ; Hook., Fl. II., 187. E. pdlucidum, Michx., Fl. I., 166; Pursh.Fl. I., 92. In soft mud on the borders of lakes and ponds. Newfoundland. {Dr. Morrison.) Halifax and Mahone Bay, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou Co., and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) In a small lake, North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Lily Lake, Dark Lake, Welsford, and St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tadousac Lake, Q. {A. T. Drummond.) Trembling Lake, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B'Drban.) Border of Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake. Addington Co. ; Hooper's Lake, Hastings Co. ; very common in the small lakes in Peterboro and Victoria Co's., Ont. ; also Birch Lake, north-east of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Abundant in a lake two miles from Sudbiuy, Ont., (Fletcher.) St. Joseph Island, Georgian Bay. (J. Bell.) Pancake Eiver, Ont,, near its mouth, growing on mud in a little cove. (B. Bell.) Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hcoker, FL) CXVII. CYPERACE.E. Sedge Family. 663. CYPERUS, Linn. Gen. 66. (GALINGALE) <2457.) C. diandrus, Torr. Cyp. 342 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 232. Low ground around springs, and in marshes by lakes and ponds. Fredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Riverside, King's Co., N.B. (Wet- more.) In clefts of rocks on the shore of the St. Lawrence, at Mon- treal, and at Niagara Falls. (W. F. McCrea.) In all low spots in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common along the St. Lawrence, at Prescott., Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Low grounds at Kingston, and London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Very common at Belleville, and in the marshes of the Bay of Quinte, Ont. (Macoun.) Marshes at Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Banks of Kettle Ci-eek, St. Thomas, Ont. (Saunders.) Swampy ground, Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, River St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 93 Var. castaneus, Ton-ey, Cyp. 251. C. flavescens, var. /J. castarievs, Pursh, Fl. I., 52. Abundant in marshes at Belleville, and at the head of the Bay of Quinte, near the Murray Canal, Ont. (Macoun.) Niagara Falls. {W. F. McCrea.) (2458.) C. flavescens, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 552. Credited to Canada by Prof. L. N. Britton, in his Eevision of this genus. We have never seen a Canadian specimen. It should be looked for along the Now Brunswick coast. (2459.) C. aristatUS, Eottb. ; Britton. Bull. Torr. Bot. XIII.. 207. C. inftexu.', :Muhl.; Hook., Fl. II., 232; Macoun, Cat. No. 1909. C. uncinatus, Pursli, Fl. I., 50. Gravel in the beds of rivers, apparently very local. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) "West Ridcau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Gravelly bed of the river Moira, at Belleville, Hastings Co; also in the bed of the Eivor Trent, at Trenton, Myorsburg, and Heely Falls, Northumber- land Co., Ont. ; rather uncommon at Somas Falls, four miles from Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan and Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2460.) C. Schweinitzii, Torr. Cyp., 276. Sandy shores of lakes and rivers, and on sand hills on the prairies. On sand on the beach along the lake shore at Hamilton, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pelde, Lake Kv'io. (Burgess.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie, and Point Edward, Lake Huron, Ont.; Hungry Hall, Eainy Eiver, and on sand banks where that river enters the Lake of the Woods; on .'^and hills near the source oftlie Qu'Appelle, and at Old Wives Lakes, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) (2461.) C. eSCUlentUS, Linn. , Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. XIII., 210. C. phymatodcs, Muhl. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 554. C. repens, Ell. ; Hook., Fl. II., 232. C. tuberosum, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 52. On the banks of rivers, chiefly in wet sand. Sandy bank^of Kenne- beccasis ; Norton, and Fredericton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Gatineau Point, on the Ottawa, y.; in wet sand at Niagara Town, and near^ Queenston Heights, along the railway. (Macoun.) In great abundance below Parliament Hill, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Low grounds, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Pelee and Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie, Ont. (Burgess.) Upper Canada. (Goldie.) 94 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2462.) S. Strigosus. Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 232 ; Pursh.Fl. I., 52. C. Michauxianun, Schultes. ; Gray, Man. Ed. \'., 554. C. flavkomw, Vahl. ; ]\nchx., Fl. I., 27 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 53. Not uncommon in Ontario in cold wet pastures and meadows. Nun's Island, Montreal, and Niagara Falls. (TF. F. McCrea.) Wet place, near the outlet of the Eideau Canal, Ottawa. (St. Cyr.) Along the Rideau Eiver at Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) In a little marsh on the banks of the St. Lawrence, one mile west of Brockville, Ont. (^Billings.) West Eideau Lake, Ont. (Porter.) Low wet meadows and boggy places, King- ston, Ont. (Millman.) Kingston, Ont. ; Point Pel^e, Lake Erie ; Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Boggy ground, Gatineau Point, near Ottawa,; wet grassy places along the Bay of Quinte, at Belleville, and in a sandy field at the Murray Canal, near Trenton ; near Salt Creek bridge, Brighton, Northumberland Co. ; and on an island in Eice Lake ; Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Point Edwai-d, Lake Huron. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Upper Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2463.) C. erythrorhiros, Muhl. : Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 552. Apparently confined to south western Ontario. Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) (2464.) C. flllculmis, Vahl., Pursh, Fl. I., 52. C. mariscnidee, KU. ; Torr., Fl. I., G3. C. Kyllingscoides, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 50. Dry sandy woods or fields, not uncommon in central Ontario. Com- mon on Massassagua Point, Bay of Quinte, Ont; sand hills at Murray Townhall, and on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; in sandy fields and thickets at Point Edward, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Point Aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) 664. DULICHIUM, Pers. DULICHIUM) (2465.) D. spathaceum, Pers.; Hook., Fl. II., 232; Pursh, Fl. L, 53. D. Canaden.'se, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Scirpus spathaceus, Michx., Fl. L, 32. Not uncommon in marshes and by lake borders, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Halifax, X.S. (Sommers. Macoun.) Caledonia, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Earlston Lakes, Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Very wet places, Kent Co. ; and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Beau- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 95 mont, Bellechasse Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Swampy ground, near Hamil- ton's Farm, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B'Urban.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Casselman and several other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, F(. Ott.) Common in marshes at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Quite common at Belle- ville and throughout central Ontario. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Moon Eiver, MuskokaCo., Ont. (Burgess.) Sou-sou-wa-ga-mi Creek, Lake Huron ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont. (R. Bell.) In a marsh at Langford Lake, and in a marsh at Sproat Lake, Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) 665. HELEOCHARIS, R. Br. SPIKE-RUSH) (2466.) H. Robbinsii, Oakes.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 557. Kendrick's Lake'; and.Potter'.s Lake, near St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) (2467.) H. obtusa, Schultes.; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Scirpus capitatus, Vahl.; Pursh, Fl. I., 55. S. ovatuf, Vahl. ; Pursli, Fl. I., 54. Eather uncommon but widely distributed. Common in Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Ditches at Annapolis, N.S. and Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Muddy places; common, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ditches, Campbellton. N. B. (Macoun.) Etchemin, Q. (Hon. W. Shepperd.) Muddy soil, Notre Dame de Levis, Q. (St. Cyr.) Nation Eiver, at Casselman, and other places near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. ( Billings. > Ditches and muddy places, rather coramon in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont., and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Pitt Eiver, B. C. (J. A. Hill.) Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) (2468.) H. palustris, E.Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 228. 11. multicaulis, Hook., Fl. II., 228. (?) Scirpus palustrit, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 54. Common in wet meadows and bogs from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Marshy places, Annapolis, and Truro, N.S. ; Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Common both in the large form which grows in water, and the smaller form in wet meadows, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Camp- bellton, N.B. ; Little Fox Eiver, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Water pools, on rocks, Huckleberry Eapids, Ai-gen- teuil Co., Q. (B'Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) 96 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Common in marshy places, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Abundant in marshy meadows and lake margins throughout central Ontario. (Both forms.) (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Pari-y Sound, Georgian Baj-. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Batch-ah-wah-nah Bay, Lake Superior ; Michipicotin to Lake Missinaibi, Ont.; ilown the Nelson River to Yoi'k Factory. (E. Bell.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Eayden.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Syden- ham Eiver, Owen Sound, Ont. ; abundant around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon River to Livingstone Point, on Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Wet prairie at Emerson, Man : Souris River, 49th parallel ; and Kilaman Eiver, Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains. (Daioson.) Rather common in wet spots on the prairie from Winnipeg westward, especially at the File Hills and Long Lake; not uncommon in the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains, and westwai-d to the Pacific coast and Vancouver Island, where it is abundant. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to Bear Lake, and from Hudson Bay to the Pacific Ocean ; varying much in size, from foui- inches to two feet. (Hooker, Ft.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. calva, Ton-. Bot. N. York, II., 346. Blackwater River, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Var. glaucescens, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. In marshes at the mouth of Nipigon River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) (2460.) H. compressa, Sullivant; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 558. This species seems to be rare in Canada. In wet meadows at Belle- ville, Ont. ; in great profusion, and evidently indigenous. (Macoun.) Barren field north of Fort Wellington, Pj-escott, Ont. (Billings.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) (2470.) H. rostellata, Torr.. Var. occidentalis, Watson. Bot. Calif. IL, 222. Scirpua roslellatm, Torr. Cyp., 318. Abundant in marshes of the Somas River, at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. The culms are usually rather weak, and often I'oot at the tips, forming new plants which soon equal the parent in size. (Macoun.) (2471.) H. intermedia, Schultes.; Torr. Cyp., 91, Not uncommon in marshy spots along the Bay of Quinte, both above and below Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 97 (2472.) H. tenuis, Schultes. ; Ton-. Cyp., 309. Scirpm k-nuis, Willd.; Torr. Fl. I., 44. Xot uncommon, growing in wet meadows and boggy places. On a wet boggy place at Truro, and North-west Arm, Halifax, N.S., and at North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers.) On a wet bank, Kouchibouguac ; Tobique Lakes, Petitco- diac, and Hampton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Anticosti. and marshes at Grand Etang, Gaspd coast, Q. {Macoun.) Island of Orleans, Q. {St. Cyr.) Shores of Thunder Bay, and along the east coast of Lake Superior ; east coast of Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. {Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake Winnipeg. (,/. .\[. Macoun.) Miirshes along the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; Moose Jaw Creek. Assiniboia ; along the Bow River, at Morlej', and westward to Kananaskis Station, Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) (2473.) H. acicularis, R.Br.; Hook., Fi. IL, 230. Scirpus acictdarii, Linn. ; Pursli, Fl. I.,. '54. S. capillacevs, Michs., FI. I., 30. Muddy places, not uncommon from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Ditches at Truro, N.S. {Macoun.) Louisburg, Cape Breton. {Burgess.) Muddy shores and ditches ; common ; Spurr's Cove, N.B. {Fouler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. {Chalmers.) Salt Lake^Anticosti ; Stc. Anne des Monts River, Ga8p^,Q. {Macoun.) Thunder Creek, Q. {St. Cyr.) St. John, Q. {W. F. McCrea) Abundant on all muddy i-iver banks at Ottawa. {Fletcher, FL Ott.) Common in ditches at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Very common in suitable places through- out central Ontario. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Buchan.) Low ground, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Chicken Bay, Lake Huron ; Sault Ste. Marie and east coast of Lake Superioi-. {Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassi:.) Luke of the Woods ; and Red River prairie, Man. {Dawson.) Red Deer River, near the Hand Hills, and frequent on the margin of pools in the prairie region ; not uncommon in boggy places at Victoria, Nanaimo, and Alberni, Van- couver Island. {Macoun.) Hudson Bay, Red River, and the Saskatche- wan. {Hooker, Fl.) (2474.) H. pygmaea, Torr. Cyp., 313. Scirpus pwfilhis, Vahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., .54. Brackish marshes along the sea-coast. Baddeck, Cape Bi-eton. {Macoun &. Burgess.) Sea-shore, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Saguenay River, Q. {Burgess.) Lower St. Lawrence. {C. G. Pringle.) Salt marshes at Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 1 98 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. (2475.) H. pauciflora, Link.; Hook., Fl. U., 229. Scirpus pauciflora, Lightf. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V. 560 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1930. S. BsBothryon, Ehrh. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Not uncommon bat easily overlooked ; from the Atlantic westward to the Rocky Mountains. Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Grand Etaiig and other places along the Gaspe coast, y. ; in wet sand at Presqu'ile Point, Wellington Beach, and Toronto Island, Lake Ontario. {Macoun.) Toronto, Ont. (Burgess.) East coast of Lake Nipigon; marshes at the base of Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; in springs, Cypress Hills, Alberta; abundant on sand along Bow River, from Morley westward, and at Kicking Horse Lake, in the Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Muddy swamps and salt marshes in the Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) 666. SCIRPUS, Linn. Gen. 67. (CLUB-RUSH.) (2476.) S. csespitosus, Linn. ; Torr. Cyp., 319. Ekocharis cx.^pilosa, Link. ; Hook., Fl. II., 229. Chiefly boreal and alpine in habit, but extending across the continent. Peat bog, Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. {Macoun ipennu$, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565; Macoun, Cat. No. 1925 TYichophorum q/perinum, Pers. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 57. Rather common in ditches and swamps throughout eastern Canada. Newfoundland. (Seeks.) Whj-cocomagh, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Bichardson.) Abundant at Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Campbellton, N.B. (Macoun.) Thunder Eiver and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) In pools of water at Huckleberry Rapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. (B' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant in central Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Sault Ste. Marie ; Echimamish River, Keewatin. (E. Bell.) Abundant at the mouth of the Kaministiqua River, at Fort William, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay; Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, M.) All the preceding notices are supposed to belong to Seirpus Eriop- horum, Michx., var. cyperinus. Gray, which seems to be the common form. Var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565. Seirpus Eriophorum, ilichx., var. laxus, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 565. This is distinguished from all the other forms by its scattered heads, but more particularly bj' the long pedicelled lateral heads and sessile middle one. Along the Restigouche, near Campbellton, N.B. ; wet mea- dows, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton ; common at Belleville, Ont. ; also Flat Rock Portage, Lake Nipigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 103 (2487.) E. lineatum, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant., III., 1052. Scirpus linealus, Vahl. ; Michx., Fl. I., 32 ; Pursh, Fl. I. 56 ; Gray, Man. Ed. v., 566. Eare and apparently confined to south-western Ontario. Wet gravelly river flats, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mitiman.) Point Aux Pins, L(ike Erie. (Burgess.) Low ground at the southern end of Pel^e Point, Lake Erie. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2488.) E. alpinum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 230. E. HmlKonianwn, Miclix., Fl. I.. 34. Trichophorum alpinum, Pursh, Fl. I., 57. Peat bogs and cold swamjis ; common northward. Mahone Bay, Cape Breton. (Sommers, Cat.) Bog near Sydney Mine, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Grand Falls of jSTepisiquit, and near St. John; St. Francis, and Lily Lake; Andover, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Charlo, N.B. (Fletcher.)- Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, An ticosti ; bogs along the Gasp^ coast, and at Trois Pistoles, Q. (Macoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) North shore of Luke Superior. (Agassiz.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, Tudor, and tamarack swamps, Hun- tingdon, North Hastings ; near, Otter Head, and south of Fort William, Lake Superior; White River, north of Lake Superior; and in bogs along Porcupine Mountain, Man. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, and Eupert Eiver, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin; Charlton Island, and Fort George, James Bay. (./. M. Macoun.) From Hudson Bay to Lake Mistassini. (Hooker, Fl.) Common in marshes in Beaver Creek Valley, Selkirk Mountains. (Macoun.) (2489.) E. vaginatum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 231, (Hares-tail.) E. citspitosuin, Hust. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 5. Peat bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfound- land. (Seeks.) Halifax, Ti'uro, and Mahone Bay, Lunenburg Co., N.S. (So7nmers, Cat.) Trui-o, N.S. ; and North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton., (Macoun.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Halifax, N.S. (Burgess.) Common in Pictou Co., N.S. (McKay.) Common in peat bogs, Kent, and Carleton Co's. ; Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Salt Lake, Jupiter Eiver, and Ellis Baj', Anticosti ; and in bogs along the Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macoun.) Grand Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy soil, Island of Montreal. (W. F. McCrea.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bog near Kemptville, Ont. Porter.) Cedar swamps and bogs. North Hastings, Ont. ; in a swamp five miles north of Colborne, Ont. (Macoun.) Mossy bog, near London, Ont. 104 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Beren's River, and Severn River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Bogs, Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; abundant in swamps along the Bow River, and frequent in marshes, Rocky Mountains; east of Stewart's Lake, Korthern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Canada to Fort Entei'prise. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. {Rotkr. Alask.) Cumberland Island.s. (Parry.) Banff, Rocky Mountains. {Prof. Fowler.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2490.) E. russeolum, Fries. E. vaginalum, var. ;., Hook., Fl. II., 231. Rather uncommon in bogs eastward. Newfoundland. (Jfeeks.) Coast of Labrador. (Butler.) Magdalen Islands. (McKay.) Bog, Straits of Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Bog, near Richibucto; Cape Bald, Port Elgin, Hillsborough, Cape Enrage; Chipman, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Boij, Salt Lake, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Table Top Mountain, Gasp^, Q. (Porter.) (249L) E. capitatum, Host; Hook., Fl. IL, 23L E. ISchcuciizrri, Hoppti. ; Rothr. Alask., 4.57. E. Chamuioniit, C. A. Meyer; Rothr. Alask., 457. Peat bogs and river margins, chiefly westward. Newfoundland. (Cormack.) Labrador. (Butler.) Moose Factory, James Baj-. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hudson Bay, lat. 56°. (J. M. Macoun.) Bogs, Porcu- pine Mountain, Man. ; common along the Bow River, at Castle Mt. and bordering the marshes along the Columbia, between Golden City and Donald; in marshes along Beaver Creek, Selkirk Mountains, B.C.; Stewart's Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Foivler.) Island Lake, B.C. (Hill.) Lost Lake, (^edar Hill, near Victoria, and Westwood's swamp, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Swamps on Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Kotzebue Sound, Sitka and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Fort Churchill, and northward to Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Rae.) Point Barrows (John Murdoch.) Cumberland Island. (Parry.) From (Quebec to the swamps on the summits of the Rocky Mountains, ar.d to the Arctic coasts and islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72°. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. fi., Hook., Fl. II., 231. E. callitrU; Cham. ; Rothr. Alask., 457. Island of St. Lawrence. (Rothr. Alask.) The leaves in this variety are scabrous. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 105 (2492.) E. Virginicum, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 34; Puisli, Fl. I., 58; Hook., Fl. II., 231. Not uncommon in bogs eastward. Newfonndland. (^Reeks.) Brigus, Newfoundland. (E. Bell.) Magdalen Islands. (<7. Richardson.) Fictou, und Guysboro Co., N.S. {McKay.) Pictou, N.S. (Bunjess.) Cale- donia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common in bogs in northern counties ; Lily Lake, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Ouatchechou ; Valcartier, Q. {St. Cyr.) Boggy margins of small lakes, Argenteuil Co., (^ (Z)' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. {Billings.) Tamarack swamps, Hastings Jioad, and Marmora, Hastings Co. Ont. ; swamp, five miles north of Colboi'ne, Ont. {Macoun.) Millgrove, near Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) London, Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis. ) Mor Bleue, Ottawa ; Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. album, Cray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Wool quite white, heads much smallei-. In a bog near the town of North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) (2493.) E. polystachyon, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 58 ; Hook., Fl. 11., 231. E.polyiftachyon, ,i, Miclix., Fl. I., 34. E. polystachyon, L., var. latifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Very common in marshes and bogs, under various forms, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Magdalen Islands. (/. Richardson.) Aspy Bay, Cape Breton ; and Magdalen Islands. {McKay.) Caledonia, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Common in bogs throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler Cat.) Bake Apple Bog, North Sydney, Cape Breton ; and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Hunting Island, Mingan ; Ouatchechou. and St. Sauveur, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Je.ssup's Swamp and common north- ward, from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) The Dell, Ancaster, near Lon- don, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. ; Lake of the Woods, and Eosseau River, Man. (Burgess.) Swamp near Turtle Mountain, Man. (Millman.) Between Badger Creek and Turtle Mountain, Man. (Dawson.) Moose Mountain Creek, Man. (/. M. Macoun.) Abundant at Flat, and Gopher creeks, Man.; swamps, Bear Hills, Alberta; rather common from Morley westward through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, B.C. ; on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, and along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Norton Sound to Point 106 GEOLOGICAl SURVEY OP CANADA. Barrow and the Arctic coast. {Rothr. Alask.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains, and to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. {Hooker, Fl.) Between Fort Churchill and York Factory. (Dr. Bae.) Port Kennedy, lat. 72^ {Dr. Walker.) Nottingham, and Digge's islands, Hudson Strait. (B. BAl.) Var. angUStifolium, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. E. angwtifolium, Roth. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 58 ; Hook., Fl. II., 231. Doubtless many of the references under var. latifolium belong here, but we had no means of determining, and so placed them all under the general head. Campbellton, N.B. {Chalmers.) Xorth Sydney-, Cape Breton, and Yarmouth, N.S. ; marshes, Mount Albert, Gasp6, Q. ; bogs. Salt Lake, Anticosti ; peatj- swamps, near Belleville, Ont. ; Eed Eock, Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Greenland. {Lange.) (2494.) E. gracile, Koch.; Hook., Fl. IL, 231. E. angmtifolium, Torr. Bot N. York, II., 359. Peat and other bogs, common eastward. Newfoundland. {Cormack.) Bogs, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. {Sommers, Cat.) Goldenville, Guys- boro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Dartmouth, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Bather common at Bass River ; Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dow's swamp and other places, Ottawa; uncommon. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Dr. Jessup's swamp and northward from Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Loboro Lake, Ont. (Prof . Fowler.) Swamp, a little east of Belleville, Ont. ; Big Swamp, Mun-ay, and in marshy meadows near Trenton, Northumberland Co.; Chicken Bay, shore of Lake Huron, and marshy spotir, Point Aux Pins, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Churchill River, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Saskatchewan to the Arctic sea. (Hooker, Fl.) Fort Wrangel, Alaska. (Meehan.) Var. paucinervium, Engelm.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 566. Mossj' bog near London, Ont. (Millman. Burgess.) 668. RHYNCHOSPORA, Vahl. (BEAK-RUSH.) (2495.) R. fusca, Eam. & Schultes, Syst. II., 81. R. cdba, ii., fusca, Pursh, Fl. I., 49. Schanun fwcus, Linn., Sp. IL, 1664. Peat bogs and beaver meadows. Peat bogs. North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Near Hampton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 107 Hampstead ; Trout Lake, Charlotte Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) (2496.) R. a|ba, Vahl. ; Hook., Fl. II., 233 ; Tursh, Fl. I., 49. Schcenus ullms, Linn. ; Miohx., Fl. I., 5. Peat bogs and beaver meadows, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacilic. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Liscorab Eivei-, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Wet bogs near Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Peat bogs, near Riehi- bucto; border of Clifton Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Charlotte Co., N.B. (Vroom.) Hampton, N.B. (Brittain.) Mer Bleue, Ont., and Lake Flora, Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; Beaver meadow, Hooper's Lake, and rear of Samuel Baker's Farm, Huntingdon, North Hastings ; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co. ; border of South Lake, Snowden, Victoria Co., Ont. ; mai-sh at Chicken Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Mo8.sy bog, London, Ont. , Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Btirgess.) Shore of Home Lake, near Qualicum, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) (249T.) R. capitlacea, Torr., Fl. I., 55. Sclicenus .r. Rae.) Stigmas III. (2509.) C. leiocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 208, t. 5, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 208. C. anthoxantha,'PTes]. Eeliq. Haenk, 203, vide Boeckeler; Hook., FI. II., 209. Near the glacier on the Stikine Eiver. {Cowley.) Sitka and Ouna- lashka. {Rothr. Alask.) (2510.) C. circinata, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 209, t. 6, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. Sitka. (Barclay.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Our specimens were collected by Barclay. (2511.) C. Lyoni, Boott, Hook., Fl. IL, 209. Eockj' Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) According to Drummond, who collected in the Eocky Mountains, between the Athabasca and lat. 55°. Since his time no collections have been made in that region. (2512.) C. nigricans, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 210, t. 7, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 210. C. Pyrenaica, Torr. Cyp., 403, (1836.) Western summit of North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Daic- son.) Very common on the summits of the higher Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mt. westward to the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver I.'iland, alt. 5,600 feet. (Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2513.) C. Pyrenaica, Wahl. Kiingl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 139, (1802.) a micropoda, C. A. Meyer, Cyp. Nov. 210, t. 6, (1830) ; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. nigricans, Torr. Cyp., 402, (1836.) C. Davalliana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXVIII., 271, (1835.) Abundant on the summits of the high mountains at Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. Ill (2514.) C. exilis, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 351, (1828.) Peat bogs and tamarack swamps. Newfoundhiad. {La Pylaie.') Peat bog at the head of the North-west Arm, Halifax, N.S. ; bogs, Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Lakeville ; Trout Lake, near St. George, N.B. (Brittain.) MerBleue, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) (2515.) C. pauciflora, Lightf.Fl. Scot, 543, t. 6,(1777); Hooker, Fl. IL, 210. C. leucoglochin, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 42, (1826.) Peat bogs, and cedar and other swamps, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. {Reeks.) Wot boggy ground at the head of the North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Bog near St. John ; mouth of the Madawaska ; and Chipman, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) In bogs. Salt Lake, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountain.s, Gaspe, Q. {Macottn.) Swamps at Ouatchechou, Q. {St. Cyr.) Abundant in a swamp Kennebec, Addington Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Border of a peat swamp at London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Swamp, One-mile Portage, Nipigon Eiver. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of Langford Lake, Goldstream, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.) (251tJ.) C. microglochin, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 140, (1802) ; Hook. Fl. II., 210. Boggy ground, North Twin Island, James Bay, 1887- (■/. M. Macoun.) Common in boggy places and along rivers and small streams, from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley, 1885. {Macoun.) Easily distinguished from C ^aua- flora, by "a conspicuous projecting raeheola" which takes the place of the stiff persistent style in that species. (2517.) C. polytrichoides, Muhl. in Willd. (1802); Pursh, Fl. L, 39; Hook., Fl. II., 209. C. leptalea, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handi. XXIV., 139, (1803.) C. microstachya, Miohx., Fl. 11., 169, (1803.) Swamps and bogs throughout Canada from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Newfoundland. {Reeks.) In a swamp at Truro, N.S. {Macoun.) Eather common at Bass Eiver; Spun-'s Cove, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; Cape Eosier, and near Point Fame, Gasp^ coast. {Macoun.) Beaumont swamps, and Mingan, Q. {St. Cyr.) Swamps at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Abun- dant in black ash, elm, and cedar swamps throughout centi-al Ontario. 112 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Low grounds around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (^Logie.) Swamps, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Owen Sound, Ont. ; common around Lake Superior and up the Nipigon Eiver : swamps at Port Arthur, and westward through the forest coun- try and prairie to Brandon, Man. {Macoun.') Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. {R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Bwamps and bogs from Morley westward through the Eocky Moun- tains, to the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; boggy places at Nanaimo and on Mount Maik, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Swamp near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Hudson Baj- to Norway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. {Hooker, Ft.) (2518.) C. scirpoidea, Michx., Fl. I., 171, (1803) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 34; Hook., Fl. II., 203. C. Michauxii, Scbwein. An. Tab. I., 64, (1823.) C. ]Vormskioldiana, Sohwein. & Torr. I., 294, (1824.) C. !l. {St. Cyr.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. {Porter.) Cedar swamps throughout central Ontario, and westward to the country around Lake Superior antl Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Swampsat London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cumberland House and Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2554.) C.remota, Linn. Sp. PI., Ed. II., 1383, (1757.) Resembles tall and lax forms of C. canescens, but differs in the much scattered spikes. Newfoundland, according to Gay, and Sitka, accord- ing Flora Rossica. ^{Bailey, Carex, Syn. 145.) Sitka. {Rothr. Alask.y (2555.) C. tenuiflora, Wahl. (1803); Hook., Fl. II., 214. Swamps and peaty meadows, not common. Tobique River ; Petit- codiac, X.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Swamp, five'miles west of Belleville, and in a cedar swamp beyond the Joi-dan, Hastings Road, Ont. ; Flat Rock Portage, Lake Nipigon ; and in peat bogs at Red Rock, Port Arthnr, and Fort William,, west of Lake Supei-ior, and at Otter Head, on the east coast ; in wet woods. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 123 SwaD Lake House, Man. (Macoun.) Borders of a peat bog near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Canada to Norway House, Lake "Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2556.) C. canescens, Linn. Sp. IT., 974, (1757.) Ccwrta, Good. (1792); Hcol<., Fl. II., 214 ;:Pur8h, Fl. I., 37; Michx., FI. I., (1803.) C. vitilis, var. pallida, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 364, (1871.) Very common under various forms in bogs and swamps from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) Coast of Labrador. [McGill Coll. Serb.) Common in bogs at Truro, Windsor, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun. & Burgess.) Magdalen Islands. (J. Richardson.) Common at Bass Rivor ; Lily Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Chipman, N.B. (Wttmore.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T.Drummond.) Swamps, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common in swamps at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Marshy spots in meadows, along margins of ponds, and in peat bogs, through- out central and noi-thern Ontario to Lake Nipigon, and west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Wet places, Emerson, Man. (Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (./. M. Macoun.) North end of Lake Winnipeg. (R. Bell.) Apparently rare in the Rocky Mountains, only observed at Kicking Horse Lake, and at Six Mile Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains; bogs northwai-d up the Fraser River, B.C. (Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B. C. (Dawson.) On the borders of ponds and lakes throughout Vancouver Island, though far from common. (Macoun.) Arctic sea-coast and Methy Portage. (Richardson.) Common in British America. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka. (Rothr. Aloik.) Greenland. (Lange.) A curious form, with the spikes gathered in a glomerate almost triangular head, was collected at Langford Lake, Vancouver Island, in June, 1887. Var. vulgaris, Bailey, ined. (1888.) C- canescens, var. alpicola, American authors, in part. Differs from the species in its more slender culm, and laxer habit, its small spikes and usually smaller and spreading perigynia. The commonest form of 6'. canescens. Abundant in swamps and wet meadows. Common through the Northern States, east of the Mississippi and adja- cent Canada. (Bailey.) Common at Bass River, Carleton Co., and rather common at Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Bogs at Salt Lake and Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (Macoun.) St. Charles Island, Mingan, and Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Bogs, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cedar swamps, Dummej-, Peterboi'o Co. ; north-east coast of 124 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Lake Superior, and in swamps at Port Arthur, Thunder Bay ; Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Ma'^oun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Mossy bog, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.') Abundant in marshes at Swan Lake House, and around the Porcupine Mountain, Man. ; Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; swamps near McLeod's Lake, northern British Columbia. {Macoun.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) It is probable that some of the above references belong to the next variety, as we have not seen the specimens. Var. alpicola, Wahl. C. sphxrc'tifcha, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLTX., 44, (1845.) C. cartefcen.-!, var. litilis, Macoun Cat. No. 1968, in part, (1S78.) Smaller than the species (seldom over a foot high), the culm stiff in most alpine forms, more or less slender in the subalpine forms ; spikes small and globular, or nearly so, well detincd brown or tawny. Alpine or subalpine. across the continent. {Bxtrenielj' abundant over the whole praii'ie region, on the borders of ponds and in marshes, extending north- westerly to Peace Eiver, in lat. 58'; rather common in the Eocky Mountains, from Calgary, on Bow River, to Roger's Pass, in the Sel- kirk Mountains, B.C. ; common in northern British Columbia, extend- ing far northward ; rather rare on Vancouver Island ; only observed at Lost Lake, near Cedar Hill. (Macoun.) Canada to Mackenzie River ; Eocky Mountains. (^Hooker, Fl.) Ounalashka and Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Yar. epigeios, Lrcst. Vet. Ac. Handl., 339, (1822.) C. sians, Droj. Revis. Crit. Car. 40, (1841.) C. aquatilis, var. minor, Boott, 111. 163. From Colorado to the Arctic coast. (^Bailey.) Arctic sea-coast. (Bichardson.) In meadows at the mouth of Madeline River, Gaspd coast, Q. ; in ditches near Windsor, N. S. Evidently approaching C. stricta, but neither young nor old sheaths reticulated ; another form named C. borealis by Oluey, was gathered along the shore of Lake Superior, at Thunder Bay, in 1869. This specimen seems to approach C vulgaris var. juncella. (Macoun.) (2C03.) C. Stricta, Lamarck, Diet. De. Bot. III., 387, (1789.) C. uciila, Pursh, Fl. I., 3S, (1S14.) C. angusUita, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 21S, (1840.) C ttrUtior, Dew., Wood's CI. Book, 755, (1861.) C. 'i^Tginiana, var. dongata, Boeckeler, Linniea, XL., 432, (1875.) Common in ditches ; growing in thick clumps, especially in the eastern j^rovinces. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Halifax, N.S. (Sominers, Cat.) Common in boggy meadows at North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton; abundant in ditches and bogs at Point Pleasant, Halifax, and Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Fari- bault.) Eichibucto, Kent Co. ; Fredericton, Norton, and Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Becscie Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vitinit3- of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Common in marshy meadows near Belleville, and at Trenton, and Owen Sound, Ont.; near Lake Ellen, Xipigon Eiver, and along the Kaministiqua, west of Port Ai'thiu'. (Macoun.) West of Grand Island marsh, Georgian Bay. (R. Bell.) Wet river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) 'catalogue of CANADIAN PLANTS. 145 A remarkable form of this species grows at Campbellford, J^orthum- berland Co., Ont. As usual, it grows in large clumps about three feet high, but instead of the spikes being sessile, they are peduncled, or have scattered perigynia for nearly half theii- length, which is often from three to four inches. The sboaths are scarcely fibrilose, and many of the perigynia are abortive. I conclude from these chai-acters that it is a hybrid between C. aquatiUs and C. stricta. Var. decora. Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIll., 85. C. aperta, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 582, (1868.) Usually smaller and more slender than the species, the basal sheaths not fibrilose ; spikes short (seldom over an inch long), sessile or nearly 80, very rarely attenuated at the base, spreading ; braota usually con- spicuously spreading ; scales very sharp, spreading, longer than the perigynia. (Bailey.) A very obscure species and evidently not the one figured by Boott. I agree with Prof. Bailey in doubting the accuracy of the eastern C. aperta. My specimens, though named by Dewey and Olney, appear to be C. stricta, var. strictior, Carey; Gray, Man. v., 583, (I8118.) (Macoun.) Near Eichibucto, Kent Co.; and rather common at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, N.B. (Bay.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Border of a little lake one mile north of Hooper's Lake, Tudor, North Hastings, Ont. ; fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Wet river bank, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Specimens collected on the Nachacco River, in northern British Colum- bia, in 1875, are referred here. I doubt their identity with the eastern specimens, but they are placed here for the present. (2604.) C. lenticularis, Michx., Fl. L, 172, (1803); Hook., Fl. n., 219. Abundant in the beds of rivers, growing in the crevices of rocks in lai-o-e tufts. Chiefly found in northern Ontario, and north-eastward. Coa.'5t of Labrador, lat. 51° 30'. (Allen.) Bass River, Kent Co.; not rare at Salmon Eiver ; St. Stephen, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Amongst rocks, Ste. Anne des Monts River, Gaspd, Q. ; on wet rocks in rear of the old saw-mill, Marmora village, Hastings Co. ; shore of Gull Lake, Barrie, Addington Co. ; abundant from Balsam Lake, the whole length of Gull River, Victoria Co.; very abundant all around Lake Superior, and north up Nipigon Eiver to the Lake. (Macoun.) Shallow water, Poit Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Michi- picotin River, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. T. ; Severn 10 146 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OK CANADA. River, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan, and noi-thward to Bear Lake. {Bailey.) Canada to Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Methy Portage. {Richardson.) (2605.) C. acuta, Linn., Sp. PI., 1388, (1757.) C aperta, var. diraricatn. Bailey, Bot, Gaz. IX., 119, in part, (18S4.) We have few specimens which we can refer here, but place them mostly under the variety which follows. Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Lewes Jliver, lat. 62°, KW.T. (Dawson.) Vai . prolixa, Hornem. Plantel. Ed. IV. C.proUxa, Fries. Mant III., 150, (1835.) a aperta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 218, (1840.) Very abundant in low grounds, producing very good hay in numerous places, especially at Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo. Specimens were col- lected at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Shawnigan Lake, Qualicum, Mount Arrowsmith, and Sproat Lake, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.) In meadows at Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2606.) C. QLA0CA, Scopoli, Fl. Grerm. 455. Introduced on dry clay banks of the railway cutting Just outside of Windsor, N.S. (^Macoun & Burgess.) On the border of a meadow, in poor soil, London, Ont. (Burgess.) (2607.) C. torta, Boott; Tuckerraan, Enum. Meth. (1843.) C. torta, Var. compomta, Porter. Borders of streams and in wet meadows in the maritime provinces. Halifax, X.S. (Sornmers, Cat.) Along a small stream at Truro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Salmon Creek, and Gaspereaux River; Petitco- diac, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) (2608.) C. salina, AVahl., Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812.) a cuspidalu, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV'., 164, (1802.) C. stricta. Hook, ifc Arn. Bot. Beechey's Voy., 131, (1834.) C. recta, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 220, (1S40.) C. hxmatolepi.^, Drej. Revis. Crit. Car. 44, (1841.) Very abundant in salt marshes in almost every part of Nova Scotia ■and around the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) ■Coast of Labrador and about Hudson Bay. (Bailey.) Louisburg, and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; Truro, Annapolis, Yarmouth and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Salt marsh at Molus Bay, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, •Cat.) Salt Lake and English Bay, Anticosti ; Cape Rosier, Fox River, CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 147 Grand Etang and Madeline Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Mouth of Saguenay Kiver, Q. (Pringle.) Ouatchechou, Q. (St. Cyr.) Hud- son Bay, Labrador, and Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, Fl.) Var. mutica, Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 246, (1812. > C. lanceata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXIX., 249, (1836.) C. redmla, Drej. Revis. Crit. Car. 40, (1841 .) C salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. e. salina, var. il, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, and Hudson Bay. {Hooker, Fl.) Coast of Greenland. (Lange.) Var. ? robusta, Bailey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 87. Taller and coai-.ser than the species (two to three feet high), the culm spongy at the base; leaves soft; bi-acts very leafy, surpassing the culm ; spikes heavy, short and thick (usually an inch or less long, and nearly half an inch thick), mostly den.se and truncate at the base, somewhat aggiegated, the lower short stalked ; scales ranging from lanceolate and acute to ovate and obtuse, brown with a white mid- nerve, longer than the thinner nerveless perigynium. All the pori- gynia are empty. (Bailey.) The specimens were growing in large patches between tides in the beil of Qualicum River, Vancouver Island They were generally covered with water to the height of a foot or more at high tide. I cannot believe that this is a form of C. salina, as it is quite distinct from that species in general appearance, but leave it with Prof. Bailey to settle it. Collected July 29, 1887. (Macoun.) Since the above was in type, I have received fui-ther information regarding this form from Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Croj'dcn. Eng- land. The specimens sent to him were forwarded to Kew, and were examined by Mr. C. B. Clarke, who could not match them in Kew hei'bai'ium, but suggested C. pulla. Good., as a possibility. Later examinations seem to convince Mr. Clarke that this is C. physocarpa, Pi'esl, Reliq. Hrenk. I., 205. Mr. Bennett thinks, on the other hand, that if Kunth represents correctly Presl's plant, he cannot agree vrith him, and says, "if this is not C. physocarpa, then it is a new species so far as we have material at Kew to go upon, for which I pro- pose the name C. Macounii (non Dewey Sill. Journ.) characterized by its extremely (almost wanting) short beak to the perigynia with a smaller base, semi-inflated nerved fruits much shorter than the glumes." (2609.) C. ambusta, Boott, III. C4. C. salina, var. amhugla, Bailey, Carex, Cat. (1884.) Ungava Bay, North Labrador ; northern British Columbia ; Sitka, 148 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. and Ounalashka. (Bailey, Carex, Syn., 88.) Franc-is Eiver, lat. 61° ■ Pelly Eiver, lat. 62° ; Lewes Eiver, lat. 62^ N.W.T. {Dawson.) (2610.) C. subspathacea, "Wormskjold, Fl. Dan. IX., 4, (1818.) C. Hoppneri, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. salina, var. mbupatkacea, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 12, (1843.) C. salina, var. minor, Boott, 111. 160, in part. Cumberland House and Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Salt marsh, neai- Capo Eosier, Gaspe, 1861. (J. Bell.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer, Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. I., 226, (1831.J C. Scovleri, Terr. Cj-p. 399, (1836.) C.filipendvla, Drej. Revis. Crit. Car. 46, (1S41.) C. salina, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 219, in part, (1840.) • Salt mai-sbes at Cape Eosier, and Fox Eiver, Gasp^ coast. Collected in 1882. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands; and at Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Oak Bay, near Victoria, at the mouth of Naiiaimo Eiver, in marshes at Qualicum, and on the west coast of Vancouver Island, at Alberni; also by a lake near Foi-t St. James, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Clemincitty Harbor, and Sitka. (Hcoker, Fl.) Ounalashka, Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Along Burrard Inlet, at Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Alaska. (Meehan.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2612,) C. Sitchensis, Prescott, (1831); Hook., Fl. II., 220. A very tine and remarkably distinct species, growing in profusion on many parts of the Pacific coast. Along the Eraser Eiver, at Lad- ner's Landing, B C. (Fletcher.) Marshes near Alert Bay, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) In meadows and by lakes and streams ; common at Cedar Hill, Goldsti-oam, Somenos, Shawnigan Lake, Nanaimo, Qualicum, Home Lake, and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Puget Sound, and Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) (2613.) C. Barbaree, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1853.) C. Schottii, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 231, (1858.) C. Prescottiana, OInoy, Bot King's Esp. V., 369, (1871.) Wet ground near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abun- dant in wet meadows by lakes and marshes, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Chemainus, Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Shores of Burrard Inlet, Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 149 <2614.) C. maritima, MuUer, FI. Dan. t. 193; Hook., Fl. II., 219. C.paleacm, Walil. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 164, (1802.) Salt marshe.s around the coasts of the maritime provinces. Newfound- land. (Reeks.) Annapolis, N.S. (Burgess.) Marshes at Truro, XS ; Salt Lake, Ellis Bay, and Riviere de Brig, Anticosti ; Gaspd Basin, and Fox Eiver, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macmin.) Bridgetown, N.S. (Prof. Fowler.) Salt marshes, Molus River, and Lancaster, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Rupert House, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Hudson Bay. (Hooker, Fl.) Temiscouata, St. Lawrence River. (Pringle.) Couetatchou-Manicoua- gan, Q. (St. Cyr.) (2615.) C. crinita, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 393, (1789); Pursh, Fl. I., 38, (1S14) ; Hook., Fl. II., 219, (1840.) C. crinita, \a.T. paleacea. Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 270, (1826.) C. Mitchelliana, M. A. Curtis, Sill. Journ. XLIV., 84, (1843 ) C. crinita, \ at. minor, Boott, III. 18. C.pendula, Soniiners, Cat. Nov. Scotia Tlants. Rather uncommon in low meadows and by streams, growing in perrm, Wahl. Kongl. Acail. Ilandl. XXIV., 151, (1802.) C. anceps, Muhl. ; Hook., Fl. II.. 226, (1840.) C. anaps, var. anguslifolia, Dew., Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) C. laxiflora, var. Uanda gracillima, Boott, III. 38. Apparently our commonest form. Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Olt.) Common in open woods, fi-om Carleton Place westward through central Ontario to Amherstburgh, on Lake Erie, and north- westerly to Red Rock, Lake Superior. (Macounf) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. MiUman.) Canada to Carleton House, on the Sas- katchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. striatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 524, (1856.) a conoidiG, Muhl. Descr. Gram. 248, (1817.) C. Uanda, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 45, (1826.) C. anceps, var. Hriatula, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 554, (1848.) C. anceps, var. lilanda, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) Not nearly so common as the preceding. Apparently more southera in its range. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Stewart's Bush, and Billings Bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, H. Olt.) Not common in woods at Belleville, Ont.; Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls. (Macovn.)- Low woods, London, Out. (Burgess. MiUman.) 156 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. atifolia, Boott, 111. 38. Eich woods, Sudbury Junction, C. P. Ry., Ont. ; common in woods around Belleville, aod westward through central Ontario to Port Stanley, and Amherstburgh, on Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Vicinitj' of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Grassy woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Hull, near Ottawa. (FletcJier, Fl. Ott.) Var. patulifolia, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. II., 524, (1856.) C iikuikiijinea, Schkuhr, Riedgr. Nachtr. 65, (1805.) C. anceps, vai. patulifoHa, De'.v. WckxI's Bot. 423, (18-15.) C. laxlriora, var. planlaghiea, Boott, 11!. 37. Only found on McXab's Island, in Halifax Harbor. Easily distin- guished from var. latifolia by the almost total absence of nerves, and nearly straight boak of the perigynium. (Macoun.) (2637.) C. Hendersoni, Bailey, Carox, Syn. 115, (1886.) C. lajcijiora, var. plantaginca, Olney, Proeed. Am. Acad. (1872.) Easily distinguished fi-om any form of C. laxiflora by its very large perigynium. The western representative of the Laxiflorce. Lower Eraser Eivor, hit. 49°. (Dr. Lyall.) Xot uncommon in open woods at Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (263S.) C. retrocurva, Dew., Wood's Bot. 423, (1845.) Apparently rare in Canada. Vicinitj' of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Grassy woods at Amherstburgh, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Border of a ravine at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (263^) C. digitalis, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 298, (1805.) C uligocarpa, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. Van-llecl'ii, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. podostachys, Steud. Cyper. Plant, 232, (1855.) Open grassy woods and borders of ravines at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., and on Queeustown Heights, near J^iagara ; in a field near the Big Swamp, Murraj', Northumberland Co., and in woods, Tudor, Hast- ings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) (2640) C. platyphylla, Carey,Sill. Journ. (2d. Ser.)lV.,23, (1847.) Open grassy woods, not raie in Ontario. Near Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) King's Mountain, Chelsea, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) *Eich, rocky woods, common'around Belleville, and westward through cen- tral Ontai'io to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, 1/ake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 157 (2641.) C. plantaginea, Lamarck, Diet, de Bot. III., 3P2, (1789) ; Hook., Fl. IJ., 22ii; Michx., FL, I., 173; Puish, Fl. I., 42. C. latifolia. Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 156, ^1802.) On the slopes of ravines, and in cool woods throughout Ontario. St. John Eiver, between Florenceville and Andover, jST.B. (Brittain.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's "Woods, near Pre.^cott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in ravines at Belleville, and ■westward throughout Ontario to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. {Macoun.) Grand Island, Georgian Bay. (B. Bell.) Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Norway House, north end of Lake Winnipeg. (Hooker, Fl.) (2642.) C. eburnea, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 226, (1840.) C. alba, Dew. Sill. Journ. VII., 266, (1824.) C. alba, var. sdifolia, Dew. Sill. Journ. XI., 316, (1826.) C paupercula, Terr. Cyp. 415, (1836), (non Michx.) Not uncommon on dry limestone shingle, along rivers and lakes. Tobique Narrows, N.B. (Brittain.) Dry rocks, Eiviere de Brig, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Mingan Eiver, Q. (St.Cyr.) Common in all rocky woods, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocky banks of the Moira, at Belleville ; banks of Trent, above Trenton, and westward throughout north-western Ontario, on rocky banks, to Port Arthur, Thunder Bay. (Macoun.) Eiver banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mill- man.) Point aux Pins, Lake Erie ; and Saugeen, Lake Huron. (Burgess.) Point Wilkins, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man.; rather rare on gravelly banks, from Morlej^ westward through the Eoeky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) Cedar Lake, near Cumberland House ; Fort Norman, on the Mackenzie Eiver ; and Eocky Mountains, lat. 54°-56°. (Hooker, Fl.) (2643.) C. pedunculata, Muhl. (1805); Hook,, Fl. II., 217. Cool shady woods and in swamps. Petitcodiac, andHavelock; Bed Bank, and Salmon Eiver ; St. Stephen; Nashwaaksis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Woods at Salt Lake, and English Bay, Anticosti; in abun- dance, along the Gaspd coast, Q. (Macoun.) Idaud of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) In a swamp, half way between Montreal and the Eecollet Swamp. (C. F. McCrea.) Between Gate and St. Jean lakes, Went- worth, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Very common in damp woods, Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Wood's, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Carleton Place, and westward through Ontario to the west side of Lake Superior, at Point Meuron, Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Brie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Damp woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Cum- 158 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OP CANAD.-w beilaud House, and Norway House, and Rock}- ilountaius. (^Hooker, Fl.) Rainy Lake, and Winnipeg River. (Richardson.) X X Perigynium pubescent. (2644.) C. concinna, R. Br. (1823) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. C omithopoda, Torr. Cyp., 412, (1S36.) Lake Mista.ssini, N.E.T. (J. J/. Macoun.) Ste. Genevieve Island, Q. (St. Cyr.) Shores of Lake Nipigon, Ont.; amongst rocks at Mani- toba House, Lake Manitoba, Pipestone Creek, Man. ; common from Morley westward through the Rocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, Sel- kirk Mountains; Cache Creek, and Clinton, and northward to Mc- Leod's Lake lat. 55°, B.C. (Macoun.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan, to Mackenzie River ; Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2645.) C. melanocarpa, Chamisso; Bailey, Carex, Syn. 120, (1886.) St. Lawrence Island, off Alaska. (Rothr. Alask.) (2646.) C. Richardson), R.Br. (1823); Hook., Fl. XL, 223. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Dry thickets east of Belleville ; also near Canniffton, and a little, east of the raihvaj' bridge, Trenton, Hastings Co., Ont.; on dry grassy hillsides around Morlej', and westward through the Rocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley, B.C. ; mountain summit at Spence's Bridge, and along the Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, B.C. (Macoun.) Norway House, and Cumberland House ; Rocky Mountains, and North "West coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2647.) C. Pennsylvanica, Lamarck. (1789) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223; Pursh, Fl. I., 40, (1814.) C. marginata, WiUd. Sp. PI. IV., 261, (180.5.) C. lucontm. Willd. Hurt. Berol. Suppl. 63, (1809.) Dry knolls in woods between Riehibucto and Molus River; not rare at Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Briitain.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Chalk River, Renfrew Co., and westward throughout Ontario in open woods to Owen Sound on the Georgian Ba3^ (Macoun.) Com- mon in woods at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) London, Ont. ; p]merson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Saskatchewan River, at Cumberland House, and at Lake Winnipeg. (Richardson.) Souris Valley, Man. (Dawson.) Abundant in thickets throughout Manitoba and westward on the open prairie ; rather common on dry slopes at Morley and extending west- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 150 ■ward in the Rockj^ Mountains to Canmore ; not uncommon in dry thickets at Yale, B.C. ; grassy woods at Cedar Hill, and throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island to Qualicum. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) British America to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) The west coast specimens have much darker scales, and in most cases the lower spikelet is sub- tended by a green bract. (2648.) C. varia, Muhl. (1806); Hook., Fl. 11., 223; Pursh, Fl. L, 40, (1814.) C. varia, var. pediciUala, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 163, (1827.) Ccollecta, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 31-t, (1827.) C. Pennsylvanica, var. UuJdenbergii, Gray, Gram, k Cypr. 410, (1S36.) C. Pennsylvanica, Torr. Cyp. 410, (1836.) C vana, var. minor, Boott, III. 97. Rather common in woods at Truro, Annapolis, and Canso, N.S. (Macoun.) Halifax, and Pirate's Cove, N.S. [Bunjess.) Dry knolls in woods at Bass River, and at Frcdericton Junction; rather common at Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Plains of Abraham, Q. (St.Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott ) Common at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Rocky ravines, Gibson's Mountain, and Picton, Prince Edwai-d Co.; Shannonville, and Trenton, Hastings Co., and west- ward to Owen Sound, and seven miles up the Kaministiqua, west side of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Mlllman.) British America. (Hooker, Fl.) (2649.) C. Emmonsii, I>o\v. ; Torr. Cyp. 411, (1836.) C. alpestris, Dew. Sill. Journ. VIL, 268, (1824.) C. Davim, Dew. Sill. Jouru. X., 279, (1826.) C. Novse-Avglix, var. Emmonm, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 556, (1848.) C. kucorum, var. Kiainonm, Cliapui. Flora, 539, (1860.) C. Emmonsii, var. elliplica, Boott, 111. 97. a vciria, var. minor, Hook., Fl. IL, 223, (1840.) McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, and Windsor, N.S. (3Iacoun.) Dry bank near the Manse, Blackville; Petitcodiac; Salmon River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Montreal Mountain. (C F. McCrea.) King's Mountain, near Chelsea, Q. ; and at Rock- clifFe, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Chalk River, Renfrew Co., and westward throughout Ontario to Lake Erie, at Port Stanlej^ ; and north- westerly to Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Rocky woodlands, west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic.) Woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Quesnel, and McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) British America to Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) 160 GEOLOGICAL SDRVEY OF CANADA. (2650.) C. Novee-Angliee, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) Eather more northern in its range than C. Emmonsii, and often very like it in general appearance, the purple-margined scale not alwaj-s^ being a sure guide. Damp woods, Truro ; Point Pleasant, and McNab's Island, Halifax Harbor, N.S. (Macoun k Burgess.) Eocky points, GasptJ coast, Q. (Macoun.) St. John, Petitcodiac, and Cbipman, X.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Sudbury Junction, northern Ontario, and on rocks ten miles south of Fort William, Lake Superior ; Telegraph Trail, lat. 54°, B.C.; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,500 feet. (Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, Lewes Eiver. (Schuatka.) Arctic sea- coast, and Methy Portage. (Richardson .) Yar. deflexa, Bailey, Care.^c, Syn. 124, (1886.) The specimens referred here are distinguished from the species by the deflesed beak of the perigynium, which has also a purple spot on the inside of the bend. Sheaths reticulated at the base. Grassy thickets, McLeod's Lake. lat. 55°, northern British Columbia. (Macoun.) Var. Rossii, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 207, (1885.) C. Rossii, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 222, (1840.) On elevated snow-slides, and grassj' margins of thickets, from Castle Mountain to Hector, Eocky Mountains ; Yale Mountain, B.C. ; rocky fields at Cedar Hill, Gordon Head, Home Lake, and Nanaimo, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Eockj- Mountains, and North West coast. (Hooker, Ft.) Telegraph Creek, lat. 58°, B.C. (Dawson.) (2651.) C. umbellata, Schk. (ISOl); Pursh, Fl. L, 44; Hook., Fl. II., 222. C. wnMlala, var. vicinu, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 317, (1826.) Not uncommon, chiefly on sandy soil, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hillsides at Truro, and on rocks and sand. Point Pleasant, Halifax, NS. (Macoun & Burgess.) Eocky ground, near the Manse at Blackville; Eed Bank, and Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicin- ity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Sand hills. Chalk Eiver, Eenfrew Co. ; Oak Hills, Hastings Co. ; on rocks at Otter Head, Lake Superior ; near Lake Ellen, Xipigon Eiver. (Macoun.) British America to Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lakes Superior and Huron ; Methy Por- tage, and at Forts Chijjweyan and Simpson. (Richardson.) Var. brevirostris, Boott, 111. 99. C. globom, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 246, in part, (1880.) Eather common in tufts on rocky banks, from Morley westward in the Eocky Mountains to Castle Mountain ; dry slopes at Yale, and Jackass Mountain, B.C. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 161 (2652.) C. pubescens, Muhl. (1805); Pursh, Fl. I., 42; Hook., Fl. ' II., 223. Meadows, and borders of moist woods. Newfoundland. (Seeks.) Petitcodiac, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Stewart's Bush, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather lare near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Meadows between Belleville and Trenton, Hastings Co. ; near Wooler, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eich low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) X X Beak of perigynium more or less elongated. * Beak emarginate or obliquely truncate. (2653.) C. scabrata, Scliweinitz, An. Tab. (1823); Hook., Fl. II., 222. Wet meadows and around springs at Annapolis, and Windsor, N.S. (Macoun.) Wet ground.s, Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; Xorton, and Camp- bellton, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Nepisiquit Lake, N.B. (Say.) Near Quebec. (Cleghorn.) Borders of springs in woods and swamps at Brighton, and Port Hope, Ont. ; Jones Falls, Owen Sound, and at Port Stanley, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Near London, Ont. (Burgess.) yieinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) (2654.) C. arctata, Boott, Hook., Fl. 11., 227, (1840.) C. sylvutica, Dew. Sill. .loum. X., 40, (1826.) Abundant in meadows and thickets, and in open forest. Margin of dry woods beside the Manse, Bass Eiver, Kent Co. ; rather common at Salmon Eiver ; St. John and various places in Wesmoreland Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Island of Orleans, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (B' Urban.) St. Andrews, near Montreal. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Quite common in dry woods at Belleville, Ont., at Grafton and Queenston Heights, and westward to London, Ont. (Macoun.) Var. Faxoni, Bailey, C'oult. Bot. Gaz. XIII., 87. Spikes shorter than in the species, usually short-peduncled, erect or nearly 80, much more densely flowered, part of them usually con- tiguous at the top of the culm, rendering the shorter staminate spike inconspicuous ; perigynium usually much larger. (Bailey.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Common at Belleville, and west- ward through the northern part of Ontario to Nipigon Eiver, north of Lake Superior and south-west to Kakabeka Falls, west of that lake. This is evidently the northern form, and is quite distinct in appear- ance from the species. Many of the eastern references very likely belong here. (Macoun.) 11 162 GEOLOGICAL SUKVEY OF CANADA. C. arctata x flexilis, Bailey. C. Knushrnii, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. II., 247, (1846.) I agree with Prof. Bailey ia believing that this is a hybrid between C. arctata &nd C. flexilis. Where I gathered the specimens at Kaka- beka Falls, on the Eaministiqua, thirty miles from Fort William, Lake Superior, both of these species were found growing in profusion. Specimens of (7. /e.n7is, sent fi-om Tobique Lake, N.B.. by Wetmore, contained a line clump of C. Knieskemii. It is just possible that after all it is a lax form of C. Jiexilis, as it certainly approaches that species very closely. (2655.) C. flexilis, Rudge, Linn. Trans. TIL, 98, (1804.) C hlfpharophorn. Gray, Ann. X. Y. Lye. III., 237, (1836.) Newfoundland. {Rudge.) Near Weldford Station ; Red Bank Creek, and Tobique River; common at Petitcodiac, X.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Jupiter River, Anticosti ; Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^ Co., Q. (_Macoun.) Dartmouth River, Gaspe Basin, Gaspe Co., Q. {J. Bell.) Red Baj-, Lake Huron ; Nipigon House, Lake Xipigon ; abundant at Kakabeka Falls, at Cui-rent River, and Otter Head, Lake Superior. {Macmm.) Lake Mistassini, X.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) <2656.) C. Assiniboinensis, W. Boott, Bot. Gaz. IX., 91,(1884.) A very beautiful and distinct species well described by Boott. Peri gynium few-ribbed towards the base, hairy, gradually contracted into a very long slender beak, which is white and membranous at the tip; scale white, awl-shaped, the lower ones awned and longer than the perigynium, the othei-s about the same length. In thickets at the Assiniboine Rapids, east of Brandon, and in the Grand Valley, leading to Rapid City, 1879; on a dry limestone point at the "Narrows" of Lake Manitoba, Man., 1881. {Macoun.) Griswold, Man. {Rev. W. A. B unit an.) ,(2657.) C. longirostris, Torrey, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. Sprengdii, Dew. ; Spreng. Sys. Veg. III., 827, (1826.) C. longiroslrii, var. minor, Boott, Phila. Acad. Sc. 78, (1863.) C. longirostns, var. microcystis, Boeckeler, Linnaea, XLI., 241, (1877.) Growing in large tufts sparingly on rocky ledges or in thickets. Andover, and Sussex, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Ledges, King's Mountain, near Chelsea, Q. ; abundant in a coppice at Hemlock Lake, New Edinburgh, Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On Gibson's Mountain, Prince Edwai-d Co. ; on the " Big Boulder," Trent Talley, above Trenton, and on limestone ridges, Mai-mora, Hastings Co., Ont. {Macoun.) River bank, London, Ont. {Burgess. Millman.) Souris River, Man. {Burgess.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 163 Thickets, along the Kaministiqua, twenty miles above Fort William; rather common at Portage la Prairie and westward to Fort Ellice, in the Assiniboine Valley ; rather uncommon on grassy slopes near the Bow Kiver, at Morley, Alberta. {Macoun.) Carleton House to Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2658.) C. Saskatchewana, Boeckeler, Linnsea, XLL, 159, (1876.) This species has been described from young specimens collected by Douglas somewhere on the Saskatchewan. We have seen nothing to tally with the description, and can make no suggestion regarding its proper disposition. Bceckeier places it next to C vaginata, and Bailey near C. debilis. Better specimens are much needed. <2659.) C. capillaris, Linn. (1753); Hook., Fl. 11., 227. C. capillaris, var. elongata, Olney, Pre), (.'at. Wheeler's PI. 53. Quite common on the rocky borders of northern lakes and streams. Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Bass River, Kent Co.; Edmonton, and Kennebeccasis Bay, N. B. (Fowler, Cat.) Boundarj- Lake, N. B. (Pringle.) Esquimaux Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, South West Point, and Ellis Bay, Anticosti; common on exposed points, Gasp^ coast ; very common around Lake Superior, and north- ward to Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; The Twins, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Michipicotin River, Ont. (R. Bell.) Assiniboine Rapids, east of Brandon, Man. ; rather common on the margins of streams and ravines from Morley westward thi-ough the Eocky Mountains to Roger's Pass, summit of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. ; McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°, and Peace River Pass, lat. .16°, B.C. (Macoun.) Lewes Eiver, lat. 62^^ north of British Columbia (Dawson.) Fort Norman, Bear Lake, and Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, FL) ■Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lonje.) Var. Krausei, Krantz. (MSS.) C. Kramei, Bceckeier, Engler's Bot. Jahrb. VII., 279, (1886.) Dr. August Krantz, who has carefully examined the whole collec- tions of Krause made in Alaska, writes me that Boeckeler's new species is only an androgynous form of C. capillaris, and suggests the above varietal name. Alaska. (Krause.) (2660.) C. obesa, Allioni, var. minor, Boott, 111. 161. C. mpina, Wahl. (1802) ; Hook., Fl. II., 225. We know nothing of this species. None of our specimens are any- thing like it. Bear Lake, and Rocl^ Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Greenland. (Lange.) 164 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. * * Beak bidentate. t Perigynium smooth. (2661.) C. fulva, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 177, (1792) ; Hook., FI. II., 225. C. Greeniana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XXX., 61, (1836.) Newfoundland. (Goodenough.) Specimens gathered at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, are refen-ed here, and if correctly so, are certainly indi- genous. The fertile spikes are usually two, the lower is long pedun- culed, and the upper almost sessile ; staniinate spike also long pedun- clod. Mr. Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., of England, has confirmed this identification. (2662.) C. riparia, "W. Curtis, Fl. Lond. IV., t. 60, (1792.) C. lacwlrh, Willd. (1805); Pursh, Fl. I., 4.5 ; Hook., Fl. II., 227. Newfoundland. (Seeks.) In water near Weldford Station, Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft.) Marshes, Bay of Quinte, and in wet meadows and marshes all over central Ontario, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron; marshes on Pel^e Point, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Common at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Swamps, Lake of the Woods. (Burgess. Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg, and Cumberland House, (Soaker, Fl.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar k Dr. Hayden.) . 1 1 Perigynium hirsute. (2663.) C. Houghtonii, Torrey, Cyp. 413, (1836) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. A beautiful and distinct species found chiefly in the northern pine- forests ; on sandy or rocky knolls, where it creeps extensively. On ridges at Truro, N.S. (Macoun k Burgess.) Di-y grassy places, Coal Branch, Kent Co. ; Tobique Eiver, at Pokiok, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Dry ridges. CTaspe coast, Q. (Macoun.) Eiviere Ste. Marguerite, Q. (Pringle.) On a hill 1,500 feet high, at Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Vicinity of Ottawa ; very rare. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) On rocky islands, Partridge Lake, and Gull Lake, Addington Co.; abundant in new meadows in Tudor, Madoc, and Marmora, Hastings Co. ; Elliott's Falls, Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; very common in the woods all around Lake Superior, especially about Port Arthur; common at Lake Nipigon, north of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) Woods west of Edmonton, lat. 54°, N.W.T. (Macoun.) Methy Portage, lat. 57°. (Richardson.) Hudson Bay to Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 165 <-2664.) C. filiformis, Linn. (1753) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. Peat bogs, and wet marshy meadows. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Lighthouse Point, Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Elsie, near Richibucto ; Arthurette, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) At Jupiter River, and English Bay, Anticosti ; near Point Fame Lighthouse, Gaspe coast, Q. (Macoim.) iSte. Helen's Island, Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Marsh near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Marsh west of Prescott Junction, Ont. [Billings.) Beaver meadows and marshes, North Hastings, Ont. ; marshes, Bruce Peninsula, Ont. ; Luke Hannah, Nipigon River, and along the Kami- nistiqua, near Fort William ; also on Livingstone Point, Lake Nipi- gon. (Macoun.) Swampy ground, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Common in the Columbia Vallej^, at Donald, and westward up Beavei- Creek Valley, Selkirk Mountains ; Wostwood's Swamp, near Nanaimo, and in a marsh at Home Lake, Vancouver Island. (Maeoun.) Nor- way House to Cumberland House. (Hooker, Fl.) (2665.) C. lanuginosa, Michx., Fl. I., 175, (1803) ; Hook., Fl. II., 223. C.peinta, Mulil. (1S05) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 44. C.Jiliformk, var. lanuginosa, Bcvck. ; Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1886.) "Wet meadows and marshes, never in bogs ; extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Moncton, and Petit- codiac; Edmunton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique River, N.B. (Brittain.) Salt Lake, and Jupiter River, Anticosti ; Grand Valine, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) West of St. Sauveur, Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Wet meadows, near the junction at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in wet meadows throughout central Ontario and westward to Lake Huron at Red Bay, also north-westerly around Lake Nipigon, and south lo the Kaminis- tiqua, near Port Arthur. (Macoun.) Meadows at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Saskatchewan River to Methy Portage, lat. 57°. (Richardson.) Very abundant in marshy meadows, through- out the prairie region and extending north to Lake Athabasca, in lat. 59', and south to lat. 49', and westerly by Morley through the Rocky Mountains to Donald in the Columbia Valley; meadows near Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Maeoun.) Cadboro Bay, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Lake Mistassini ; Canada to Mackenzie River. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. aemathorhyncha, C. s-mathorhyncha, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 373, (1871.) C. Jiliformin, var. a:inathorhyncha, W. Boott, Bot. Calif. II., 250, (1880.) Cfiliforirnh, var. latifoha, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 74, (1886.) We have kept C. lanuginosa distinct from C. filiformis, because they 166 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. differ sufficiently in habit and general character to constitute good- species. Atjpresent species in America are, in general, too ill-detined, and it is the opinion of the writer that all permanent forms should be- described, and specitic distinctions placed on record, so that future workers may have less ditficulty in working up the plants of any region than has been experienced by me in elaborating the flora of Canada. Specimens referred here were collected at Vancouver city,. on Burrard Inlet, by Piof. Fowler. They agree precisely with AIi-. W. Boott's description, and specimens distributed by Suksdorf * * * Perigynium long-beaked, inflated and bicuspidate. f Perigynium smooth. X Lupulinoe, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 61. (2666.) C. subulata, Michx. (1803) ; Pursh, Fl. I., 40; Hook., FL II., 221. C. Collinm, Nutt, Gen. K. Am. PI. II., 205, (1818.) C. Michavxii, Dew. Sill. Journ. X., 273, (1826.) Deep cedar swamps, in sphagnum. Canada. (Hooker, Fl.) We have no Canadian specimens of this species. Collectors should look for it in Quebec and New Brunswick. The reflexed teeth of the perigynium and gi-ass-like appearance of the whole plant distingui.sh it from the next, which grow.s in the same situations. (2667.) C. Michauxiana, Bteeckeler, Linnsea, XLl., 336, (1877.) C roflrata, Michx., Fl. I., 173, (1803.) C. xanthophysa, vars. nana & minor, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., 353, (1828.)^ CfoUiculata, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) Peat bogs, Newfoundland. (La Pylaie.) Cold bog near Louisburg^ Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Bog at Eothesay ; Lily Lake, and border of Clifton Lake, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (Hooker, Fl.) (2668.) C. folliculata, Linn. Sp. Plant, 978, (1753.) C. xanthophim, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 152, (1802.) Peat bogs and marshes. Cold swamps, Newfoundland. (Eeeks.y Marshes and wet ground in numerous places at Point Pleasant, and North West Arm, Halifax, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Norton, and St. Martin's, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) East- man's Springs, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Port Cockburn^ Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Peat bog, Caledonia Springs, near Ottawa. (C. F. McCrea.) CATALOGnE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 167 (2669.) C. intumescens, Eudge, Linn. Trans. VII., 97. (1804); Hook., Fl. II., 221. CfoUiculata, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 152, (1802) ; Michx., Fl. I., 172, (1803); Pursli, Fl. I., 42, (1814.) Swamps and marshy woods; common. Xewfouadlaud. (ia Pylaie.y Truro, and Annapolis, X.S. {Macoun.) Rather common in Pictou, and Guysboro Go's., N.S. (McKay.) Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.} Rather common in Kent Co.; King's Co., and on St. John River, N.B. (Fouler, Cat.) Plains of Abraham, Quebec. {St. Cyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Woods near BuckiDgbam, Q. (Ami.) St. Andrews, near Montreal. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet woods, common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) V^ery common in wet woods throughout central Ontario, and westward to Amherstburgh Lake Erie, and Owen Sound, Georgian Bay ; also north-westerly to Lake Ellen, Nipigon River, and along the west shore of Lake Superior, and westward to Rainy Lake. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. (Burgess, ifillman.) Canada to Xorway House, north of Lake Winnipeg. Soaker, Fl.) Lake of the Woods, and Rainy Lake. (Richardson.) (2670.) C. Crayii, Carey, Sill. Journ. IV., 22, (1847.) C. inturncmm, var. glohidarU, Gray, Ann. N. Y. Lye. III., 236, (1836.) Damp woods near Buckingham, Q. ; very rare, collected by H. M. Ami. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in wet grassy woods, Colchester, near Amherstburgh, Lake Eric. (Macoun.) (2671.) C. lurida, Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Handl. XXIV., 153, (1802.) C. lupxdina, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 223; Macoun, Cat. Xo. 2118 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 41, (1814.) C. Canadends, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLI., 2d. Ser. 229, (1866.) Abundant in tufts about ponds and in ditches in Ontario. Near Windsor, N.S. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Hampton, and Norton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, N.B. (Hay.) Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) St. John, on the Richelieu River, Q. (C. F. McCrea.) Gatineau Point, Q. ; and abundant in all low grounds at Ottawa, in various forms- (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common throughout central and western Ontario, extending to fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Lake Superior. (Macoun.) London, Ont. ; Point aux Pins, Essex Co., Ont. ; and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Hudson Bay. (Hooker, FL) 168 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. divergens, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. Bella-villa, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XLI., 229, (1866.) " Plant more slender, spikes scattered or i-emote, oblong or cylindri- cal, much more loosely flowered, more or less staminate at the apex ; perigynium more straw-colored, less turgid, slenderly beaked, diverg- ing at right angles ; scales longer, conspicuously awned." (Bailey.) Marshy meadows near Foxboro, six miles north of Belleville, Hast- ings Co., Ont. I believe, with Prof. Bailey, that this is a variety of C. lurida, but it cannot be a hybrid with C. folliculata, as that species has never been found within one hundred miles of the locality. Vai-. polystachya, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 63, (1886.) C. lupvlina, \ar. polystachya, Schweinitz & Torr., Mon. C>'p. 337, (1825.) C. lupiUtj'ormis, Sartwell, Exsicc. 147, (1S4S.) C. Beyrichiana, Bctckeler, Linnsea, XLI., 239, (1877.) In Hastings and Northumberland Co's., Ont., there are numerous forms of C. lurida, all of which have pedunculate and scattered spikes, and are very unlike typical C. lurida. One of these was named C. Canadensis, by Dewey, and the others referred to C. lupulina, vm: pedunculata, and var. gigantoidea, Dewey. These are now jjlaced under this form pending a better arrangement of the several varieties of this multiform species. X X Vesicarice. Baiky, Carex, Syn, 6-1. (2672.) C. oligosperma, Michx., Fl. I., 174, (1803); Hook., Fl. II. 220. C. Oakesiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. XIV., a51, (1828.) Peat and sphagnum swamps, rather rare. Labrador. (Allen.) In a peat bog near Hichibucto, and at Madawaska, N.B. (FovAer, Cat.) Thunder Eiver, Q. {St. Cyr.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (^Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant in bogs, Kiladar and Kennebec, Addington Co., and Tudor, Hastings Co., Ont. ; One-mile Portage, Xipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Superior. (Richardson.) London ; and Port Cockburn, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (./. M. Macoun.) From Norway House, Lake Winnipeg, to English Eiver, and Bear Lake, lat. 66^. (Bichardson.) Peat bogs, Methy Portage, lat. 57", where it is in abundance. (Macoun.) (2C73.) C. Raeana, Boott, Eich. Arc. Exped. II., 344, (1857.) We have never seen specimens of this species except those of Prof. Fowler, from New Brunswick, and the younger specimens collected by Mr. C. E. Smith in northern Maine, and disti-ibuted by Olney and CATALOGCIK OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 169 Canby as 0. pulla. Prof. Bailey, in his Carex Synopsis, page 66, seems to refer these specimens to C. saxatilis, var. (?) miliaris, but on the pre- ceding page he evidently places the same specimens under this species. In the latter case I agree with him, as the Maine specimens are over two feet in height. He says, speaking of var. (?) milliaris: "very slender, six to sixteen inches high," which cuts out the Maine (immature) specimens altogether, and, in tsxj opinion. Prof Fowler's New Brunswick specimens also. It is just possible that C. -pulla, Gray, Man. 602, and C. Raeana, are the same, and my tall Anticosti specimens of C. rotundata, and Prof. Porter's specimens from Maine, are C. miliaris, Michx. Specimens collected at Lake Mistassini, by Mr. J. M. Macoun, would also come in with C. miliaris. As it was at Lake Mistassini that Michaux obtaii:ed the specimens on which he founded the species, our view of the case may be the correct one. Wet shores Eothesay and on the opposite side of the Kennebeccasis Eiver, N.B. {Power, Cat.) Methy Portage, long. 110 \ lat. 57°. {Richardson.) While on the Portage in September, 1875, I looked for this species, but brought away C. oligosperma instead of it. (2674.) C. miliaris, Michx., Fl. L, 174, (1803); Pursh, Fl. I., 41; Hook., Fl. II., 224. C. saxalilit, var. (?) miliaris, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. IX., 120, (1884.) C. pvlla, var. (?) miliaris, Gray, Man. Ed. V. 002, (1868.) Lake Mistassini, N.B.T. (Michaux. J. M. Macoun.) Ungava Bay, Labrador, 1884. (Turner vide Bailey.) In wet gravel along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, n ear its mouth, 1883. (Macoun.) The specimens from the above mentioned places are all alike, but those from Anticosti are much taller, and exactly match Prof T. Porter's specimens from Moosehead Lake, ilaine. The Canadian specimens have their sheaths more or less fibrous, and the perigynium a distinctly notched beak. (2675.) C. physocarpa, Presl, Ecliq. Hivnk. 1. 205, (1830.) Abundant in the Bow Eiver Valley, and along mountain sti'eams up to 5,500 feet, and extending from Morley westward through the Eocky Mountains to Donald, in the Columbia Valley. {Macoun.) Eocky Mountains of British America. {Drummond.) (2676.) C. saxatilis, Linn., Fl. Lapp. 259. C.pidla, Good., Linn. Trans. III., 78, (1797.) C. vcsicaria, var. alpigena. Fries. Jlant. II., 142. Specimens collected on "The Twins," in James Bay, in July, 1887, by J. M. Macoun, are referred here by Mr. Bennett, who says they are identical with Norwegian specimens in his possession. {Macoun.) Greenland. {Lange.) 170 GEOLOGICAL 8URVKT OF CANADA. Var. (?) Crahami, Hook. & Ara., Brit. Fl., Ed. Vni., 510. C. Orahami, Boott, Linn. Trans. XIX., 215, (1843.) C. saxatilu, var. major, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 370, (1871.) C saxatUis, Hoolv., Fl. XL, 220, (1840.) Eocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) (2677.) C. compacta, E. Br., Eoss. Voy. App. page 143, (1823.) C. membranacea, Hook., App. Parry's 2nd Voy., 406 ; Hook., Fl. II., 220- C. hymmocarpa, Drejer, Eevis. Crit. Car. 5S, (1841.) C. ampuUcKca, var. borealu, Lange, Rink's, Grccnl. II., 118. C rolundala, Rothiock's Alaskan PI. 457. Ai-ctic coast; Southampton Island; Duckett's Cove, North Somerset; Kotzebue Sound. {Hooker, Fl.) BafiSn's Bay. {H. Brown.) CapeChud- leigh, Nottingham Island, and Eskimo village of Hyla, Hudson Straits, (i?. Bell.) Bear Lake. (Drummond vide Bailey) Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) On the coast of Hudson Bay, between Fort Chm-chill and Cape Lady Pelly. (Dr. Roe.) Arctic sea-coast. {Richardson.) (2678.) C. rotundata, Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 235, (1812) ; Hook., Fl. IL, 220. Arctic America; Slave Lake, and Fort Enterprise. {Hooker, Fl.) Specimens from L^ngava Bay, northern Labrador (Turner, 1884), arc evidently this species. {Bailey.) North Twin Island, James Bay, 1887. {J. M. Macoun.) (2679.) C. rostrata, Withering, Arrang. Brit. Pi., Ed. II., (17^0.) a vesicaria, Pursh, Fl. I., 45, (1814.) C. ohtumngida, Ehrh. Calam. Exs., No. 50, (1791.) C. ampullacea, Good., Linn. Trans. II., 207, (1792.) Bog North Sydney, Cape Bieton. {Macoun & Burgess.) Table Top Mountain, Gasp^, Q. {Porter.) Six miles up Becscie Eiver, Anticosti ; Lake Nipigon, Ont. ; common along the tributaries of the Saskatche- wan, and north to Methy Portage, lat. 57° ; valley of Bow Eiver, at Calgary, and westward through the Eocky Mountains, to the Columbia Valley, where it is common. {Macoun.) Cumberland House, English Eiver, and Bear Lake. {Hooker, Fl.) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Churchill Eiver, Keewatin. {R. Bell.) Near Pincher Creek, Eocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Vancouver city, Bur- rard Inlet, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.) Common in marehes near Cedar Hill, and at Nanaimo, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Lake, six miles from Victoria, and Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. I'Tl Var. Utriculata, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 67, (1886.) C. iilTiciilata, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) C. utriculata, var. minor, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) C. ampvllacea, var. utriculata, Carey, Gray, Man. 566, (1848.) C. utriculata, var. ylobota, Olney, Bot. King's Exp. V., 374, (1871.) A very common Carex in marshes and by streams from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In bogs at Truro, and Windsor, N.S. ; and at North Sydney Cape Breton. (Macoun k Burgess.) Magdalen Islands, Cxulf of St. Lawrence. {J. Richardson.) PiclouCo., N.S. {McKay.) Swampy places, Bass River, Fredericton, and Norton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Point Sechc^, Gasp(5 coast, Q. (Macoun.) St. Sauveur, Quebec city- (St. Cyr.) Eiver liichelieu, at Dorchester, Q. (C. F. McCrea.) Mer Bleue, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common in marshes and swamps throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, Georgian Baj- ; and north-westerly to Nipigon Eiver, at Eed Eock, and west to Lake of the Woods. (Macoun.) Lake Mislassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Eed Eiver prairie, and Souris Valle}-, Man. (Dawson.) Canada to Eockj' Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Marshes along the various streams in the prairie region, and west to Calgary, on the Bow Eiver. (Macoun.) Lakes Superior and Huron, and Methy Portage. (Richordson.) (2680.) C. monile, Tuckerman, Enum. Meth. 20, (1843.) C. Vaseyi, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XXIX., 347, (1860.) Not uncommon in ditches and along streams. Glenelg, Guysboro Co., N.S. (Faribault.) Pictou, N.S. ; St. John, N.B. (Burgess.) Wet places, at Bass River, and Fredericton; also Salmon Eiver; borders of Lake Elsie, Eichibucto, N.B (Fowler, Cat.) Moflfatt's Island, oppo- site Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Eather common in all the river bottoms in central Ontario, from Belleville westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerly to the Long Portage, Nipigon Eiver, and along Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.)' Valley of the Columbia, at Donald, B.C. (Macoun.) (2681.) C. vesicaria, Linn. Sp. PI. 979, (1753.) We have seen no specimens which we can name true C. vesicaria. Northern British Columbia. (Rothrock vide Bailey.) Sitka, and Kotze- bue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Var. major, Boott, Hook., Fl. II., 221, (1840.) Valley of the Fraser, at Ladner's Landing, B.C. (Fletcher.) Abun- dant in marshes and by rivers at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualifum, and especially at Sproat Lake, near Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.)- 172 GEOLOGICAL SUE VET OF CANADA. (2682.) C. Tuckermani, Boott, Hook., Journ. Bot. V., 73, (1846.) C. bullata, Dew. Sill. Jonni. IX., 71, (1825); Hook., Fl. II., 221. C Tuckermani, var. cylindricn, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLIV., 48, (1845.) C. cylindrica, Carey, Gray, Man. 56(), (1848.) Eather common in some localities growinnj in large clumps, mostly in water. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Wet bank of Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. (Folder, Cat.) Nun's Island, Jlontreal. (C F. McCrea.) Nation Eiver, and plentiful in all low grounds near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott) Wet ground, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in wet spots around Belleville, and westward in central Ontario ; Port Dover Junction, and neai- St. Thomas, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macou?i.) Swamps near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millnian.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Poi-t Colborne, Lake Erie. (McQill Coll. Herb.) Canada to Norway House. (Hooker, FL) <2683.) C. retrorsa, Schweinitz, An. Tab. (1823.) C. ro'tTSd, Surengl. Syst Veg. III., 827. Marshy places and bj' ditches; rather common. Marshes at Truro, and Annapolis, N.S. (Macoun.) Common in wet places at Bass Eiver. Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) Eivi^re du Loup, Q. (Pickering.) Eecollet Swamp, near Montreal. (C. F. McCrea.) Sugar Bush, and Bevin's lakes, Montcalm Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Ticinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Vor^' common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very abundant throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, and northwesterly to Lake Nipigon and south to Port Arthur and Fort William, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swampy flat, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Oba Lake, Ont. (R. Bdl.) Apparently quite rare in the Rocky Mountains, only noticed at Donald, Columbia Valley. {Macoun.) Saskatchewan. (Bourgeau.) Cumberland House to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Lake of the AVoods, and Winnipeg Eiver. (Richardson.) Var. Hartii, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 600, (1868.) C. Hartii, and var. BradUijii, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. XLI., 226, (1886) C. Macounii, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLI., 2d. Ser. 228, (1866.) Abundant in ponds at Stirling, Hastings Co. ; and in Tudor, and Marmora, North Hastings ; also on P. Macoun's farm, Seymour, Nor- thumberland Co., ( )nt., 1864. 1 agree with Prof. Bailey in placing this under var. Hartii, Gray, where I believe it properly belongs. Prof. Dewey thought it might be new, but suggested C. Hartii as its next of kin. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 173 (2C8i.) C. tentaculata, Muhl. (1805); Hook., Fl. II., 222; Pursh, FI. I., 40, (_1814.) a roslrata, Willd. Sp. PI. IV., 282, (1S05.) C. tentaculata. var. rostrala, Pursh, Fl. I., 41, (1814.) C. Purshii, Olney, Exsicc. I., 30. (1870.) "Wet grounds by rivers and ponds ; not rare. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Ditche.s, Annapolis, N.S. (Maeoun & Burgess.) Abundant along the shore, Bass Eiver bridge, Kent Co., X.B. (Foivler, Cat.) Chipman, N.B. (Wetmore.) St. Sauveur, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Quebec. (FT. L. Shepperd.) Nation Eiver, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Oit.) Presqu'ile Point, Lake Ontario ; abundant at iloore's Lake, Gull River, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Woods near Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Port Cockbui-n, Lake Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Furgess.) t t + Pseudocyperw, Bailey, Carex, Syn. 69. (2685.) C. Schweinitzii, Dew. Sill. Journ. IX., 68, (1825.) A very distinct and beautiful species. Very rare in Canada. Xew- foundland. (Reeks.) In damp, newlj'-cleared land, near Grafton, Northumberland Co., Ont., 1806. Never observed by me since. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) (2686.) C. hystricina, Muhl. (1805) ; Pui-sh, Fl. 1., 43, (1814) ; Hook., Fl. II., 222. C. Cooleyi, Dew. Sill. Journ. XLVlll., 144, (1845.) C. Georgiana, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser. VI., 245, (1848.) C. Thurberi, Dew. Bot. Mex. Bound. 232, (1859.) Abundant by springs and in wet meadows and marshes. New- foundland. (Beeks.) Wet meadows at Annapolis, and Cape Blomidon, N.S. ; also Baddeck, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Lily Lake, and Wels- ford, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Long Lake, St. John Co., N.B. (Hay.) Murray Bay, and St. Andrews, Q. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in boggy meadows throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, and northwestward to Port Arthur, and northward to Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nipigon. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Swamps near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Bosanquet, Lake Huron. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Medicine Hat, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Not uncommon throughout the prairie region, north of lat. 52*^. (Macoun.) 1'74 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2687.) C. Pseudo-Cyperus, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 44; Hook., PI. n., 222, (1840.) Not uncommon in marshes and swamps, in woods and by brooks in the clearings. Truro, Annapolis, and "Windsor, N.S. (Macorm.) Fre- quent along the borders of lake> and in ditches in Kent Co.; Long Lake, St. John Co., and McAdam Junction, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Marsh near Campbellton, KB. ; marshes, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet grounds, Prescott Junction, Ont. (^Billings.) Swamps and stagnant pools, in clumps, very common throughout central Ontario, and westward to Owen Sound, Georgian Bay. (Macoun.) Swamp, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Eainy River, north-western Ontario. (Burgess.) Muskeg Creek, Lake AVinnipeg, Man. (,/. M. Macoun.) Cumberland House, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Eat Portage, AVinnipeg River. Bourgeau.) Marsh, Lake <>f the AVoods. (Dawson.) Var. comosa, AV. Boott, Bot. Calif. IL, 252, (1880.) C./urcata, Ell. Sk. Bot. II., 5.52. C. Pseudo-Cyperm, Scbw. & Terr., Car. Men. 355, (1825.) C. comom, Boott, Linn. Trans. XX., 117, (1845); Macoun, Cat. No. 1973. Rare in Canada or seldom collected. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) St. Stephen, N.B. (Vroom.) Lakeville, N.B. (Brittain.) AVet grounds near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Big Swamp, Murray, Northumber- land Co. ; AYeller's Bay, Lake Ontario. (Macoun.) A'icinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Logic.) Swamps, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) .(2688.) C. trichocarpa, Muhl. (1S06) ; Hook., Fl. H., 222. C. .Hriata, Carey, Gray, Man. Ed. I., 5G1, (1848.) C. trichocarpa, var. turbinata, Dew. Sill. Journ. XL, 159, (1827.) Eare in Canada. Bog near Picton, Prince Edward Co. , meadows along Crow Eivei', Marmora, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) British America. (Hooker, Fl.) Var. Deweyj, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 293, (1885.) C. lievi-conica, Dew. Sill. Journ. 2d. Ser., XXIA'., 47, (1857.) Abundant in the bed of Thunder Creek, west of Moose Jaw, and in .Swift Current Valley, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 175 Yar. aristata, Bailey, Bot. Gaz. X., 293,(1885.) C. aristata, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 222, (1840) ; Macoun, Cat. No. 1958. C. athvrodes, Sprengl. Syst. Veg. III., 828. C. orthostachys, C. Meyer, Fl. Alt. IV., 231. C. aristata var. longo-lanceata, Dew. Sill. Jouru. XVIII., 102, (1854.) Marshes along the Grand Trunk Eailway, three miles east and five miles west of Belleville, Ont., and in low boggy places, Crow Eiver, close to the bridge at Marmora, Hastings Co., Ont. {Macoun.) "Wet ground near the Ottawa and Prescott Railvvaj^, Prescott, Ont. [Billings.) Lakes Superior and Huron. {Richardson.) Along the Kaministiqua River twenty miles from Lake Superior; very abundant throughout the whole prairie region, and extending north to Peace River and Lake Athabasca, to the base of the Rocky Mountains at Morley, and in the Columbia Valley at Donald. {Macoun.) Nelson River, Keewatin. {R. Bell.) Cumbei land House, and Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. {Hooker, Fl.) This Carex produces much of the marsh hay of the prairie region, and in summer is the chief food of Indian ponies. It never grows in brackish marshes, and all ponds where it grows have good water the whole season. Dr. Gray and Prof. Bailey place C. mirata, Dewey, under this variety, but I think they are in error, as it has not the characters which separate this form from the species, but rather those of variety imberbi.-i. I believe, however, it is a distinct vai'iety. An examination of Prof Dewey's Herbarium will decide this, as he had many .speci- mens of it, collected by myself at Belleville, Ont., over twenty years ago. Indeed, the probabilities are that both C. Bella-villa and C. mirata equal C livida, var. divergens, Bailey. (2689.) C. Alaskana, Bceckeler, Engler's Bot. Jahrb. VII., Pt. ILL, 277, (1886.) Alaska. {Krause.) Specimens referred by Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., with doubt to this species, were gathered in damp woods on the left bank of the Red Deer River, about a mile and a half above the mouth, at the head of Lake Winnepegoosis, Man., 1881. {Macoun.) Addendum to Cyperacese. (2690.) Scirpus Clintonii, Gray, Ed. Y., 561. S. planifolius. Muhl. ; Torr. Bot. N. York II., 351, in part. A rare species in Canada ; only known from 'New Brunswick, but will likely be found along Lake Erie. Madawaska ; Dideguash, St. Patrick, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) 176 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. (2691.) S. riparius, Spreng, Fl. Austr. VII., 327. S. pygmssm. Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. VII., 327. S. seiaceus, Linn. var. Bceckeler, Linnaea, XXXVL, 500. IsolepxJi riparia, E. Br. ; Hook., f. Fl. Tasm. II., 89. I. hpUxxiulit, Torr. Pacif. R. Hep. IV., 153. In boggy spots, reached by high tides, at Beacon Hill, near Vic- toria ; also in salt mai-shes, below Alberni, on the west coast of Van- couver Island. {Macoun.) CXVIII. GEAMIXE.E. (Grass Family.) 673. BECKMANIA, Host. Gram. Aust. III., 5. (2692.) B. erucseformis, Host. var. uniflorus, Scribner. Quite common in wet and overflowed grounds throughout the prairie 1 egion, extending east to Port Arthur, on the railway and west to Castle Mountain, in the Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Souris Plain, Assiniboia. {J. M. Macoun.) Milk Eiver Eidge, X.W.T., and west fork of that river, Rocky Mountains. {Dawson.) Wood Mountain, Alberta. {Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, X.E.T. ; Severn River, Kee- watin. {J. M. Macoun.) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) Hayes, and Churchill rivei-s, Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) High Bluff, Man. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Emerson, Man. ; and Medicine Hat, Alberta. {Prof. Fowler) Red Eiver, Man., 1826. {Douglas.) Gris- wold, Man. {Bev. W. A. Burman.) 674. PANICUM. Linn. Gen. 96. (PANIC GRASS.) (2693.) P. agrostoides, Spreng.; Torr., Fl. N. York II., 429. P. elongatum, Pursh, Fl. I., 69. Common in clumps along Sproat Lake, six miles from Alberni, west coast of Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) Althongh collected ia August, the specimens are not more than half grown. There is no doubt of it being indigenous, as there are no settlements where it was found CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 177 (2694.) P. capillare, Linn.; Michx., Fl. I., 47; Pur.sh, Fl. I., 67 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 2aO. Abundant in cultivated fields and wa.ste places. Truro, and Windsor N.S. (Macoun.) A weed in gardens and cultivated grounds, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Lobster Bay, and St. Charles Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billings-) Abundant throughout central Ontario, and westward to Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macouii.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Fields at London, and Toronto. (Burgess.) Waste places, Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Wash )w Bay, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) t^uite common along streams throughout the prairie region ; observed only at Stamp Eiver Falls, near Sproat Lake, Alberni, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Lytton, B.C. (Hill.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2695.) P. Caus-QALLi, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 46 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 66 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2258. Opri.imi'nu.i Crus-Oalli, Kunth; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Usually along ditches and about barns in cultivated ground. Pictoii, N.S. (Macoun. McKay.) A very variable and troublesome weed about barnyards and gardens. X.B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Chai-les Eiver, Que- bec city. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in barnyards and ditches in the settled parts of Ontario, westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinitj' of Ilamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Abun Port Arthur; at EmersoD; Man. (Burgess.) Kingston, Ont. (Millman.} Eupert Eiver, X.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Churchill Eiver, Hudson Bay. (H. Bell.) Xot uncommon between Win- nipeg and Point du Chien, Man. (Dawson.) Irfmuddy places through- out the prairie region, especially northward, and from Calgary through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; through northern British Columbia, to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (^Macoun.) Ilgacho Brook, B.C. (^Dawson.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1826. (Douglas.) Canada to Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) ©eparture Bay, Vancouver Island. (Meehan.) Var. robustus, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XV., 13. In wet places at Ladner's Landing, on the Fraser Eiver, BC, 1885. (Fletcher^ Pond.s, near Victoria and Cedar Hill (1S75) ; and on Mount Benson, near Xanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Alaska. (Vasey.) This is a new variety. (2731.) A. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XV., 12. A. gcniculalUK, var. pumila, Vasey. (MS. ?), 1875. On dry rocks close to Victoria, 1875. Abundant in hollows in rocks where water lies, in the spring at Cadboro and Oak bays, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Very near if not identical with A. Howellii, Vasey. (2732.) A. PRATExsis, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., G5; Hook., Fl. II., 234. Introduced from Europe and very abundant in meadows in the Atlantic provinces. Newfoundland. (Reeks.) Bedford, Halifax Co., N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Very abundant at Annapolis (where it is locally named French Timothy), Grand Pr6, "Windsor, and Halifax, X.S ; common at Louisburg, Cape Breton, where it.s French origin is again seen ; not uncommon in meadows at Victoria, and Xanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2733.) A. occidentalis, Scribner, Coulter's Bot. Gaz. XL, 170, (188G.) A. alpinus, Dawson, Bound. Eep. 377. A. pratensis, var. alpe.'itris, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. States, 34, (1885.) A. alpinits, Hook., Fl. II., 234, in part. Xorth Fork of Old Man Eiver, foot-hills of Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) The leafy bract at the base of the spike is very characteristic of this species. 190 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. 685 ARISTIDA, Linn. Gen. 74. (TRIPLE-AWNEDjGRASS.) (2T34.) A. basiramea, Engelmann; Upham, Cat. Min. PI. 163. Vicinity of Brandon, Mau. (R. J. Scott.) This is a new species found first by Mr. W. Upham. at Minneapolis, Minn. (2735.) A. dichotoma, Linn.; Michx. Fl. 41; Pursh, Fl., I., 72. Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) "We have seen no Canadian specimens of this species. (2736.) A. purpurea, Nutt; Steud. Gram. 134. On dry hillsides, at Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1883. (Fletcher.) Oaly this station is known at present in Canada. 686. STIPA, Linn. Gen. 90. (FEATHER-GRASS.) (2737.) S. avenacea, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 617. In sandy open pine woods, Point aux Pins, eight miles above Sault Ste. Marie, 1869. (Macoun.) (2738.) S. comata, Trin. & Rupr., Stipaceae, 76. S.juncai, >'utt.. Gen. I., 58. S. capillata, Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. occidentatis, Bolaniler, Proced. Calif. Acad. IV., 169, in part ; Macoun, Cat. No., 2151. Abundant on dry prairies, and extending into British Columbia. Cypress Hills, and Milk River Ridge, Alberta. {Dawson.) Abundant at Reed Lake, Fort Walsh, and numerous other localities throughout the prairie region ; vicinity of Spence's Bridge, B.C., and on dry rocks near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Along the Eraser, at Lytton, B. C. (Fletcher.) Abundant at Kamloops, and Shuswap Lake, B. C. (Prof. Fowler.) Fort Carleton, on the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2739.) S. Richardsonii, Link., Hort. Berol. IL, 245. Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) North shore of Lake Superior, from Michipieotin to Pic River, and Peninsula Harbor. (Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Near Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan, and northerly to Lesser Slave Lake. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 191 Var. major, X. Var. Abundant in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, at Morley, and ■westward to Donald, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoitn.) This form exactly matches Scribner's Xo. 341 from Montana, but is quite unlike our northern and eastern spei^imens. (2*740.) S. spartea, Trin. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 617. Very abundant on the northern prairie region, forming the "North- ern Buffalo Grass" of the ('anadian ranchman. Its seeds in tbe wetter portions are very troublesome, penetrating the wool of sheep and cloth- ing of men. and causing much annoj'ance. This grass, however, con- stituted the winter food of the buffalo, and is now the delight of horses in the winter season. It is usually classed with the "bunch" grasses. There is no part of the dry prairie where it does not grow, from Por- tage la Prairie westward to the Rocky Mountains. (JUacoun.) Pembina Mountain, and from Winnipeg to Point du Cheiu, Man. (Dawson.) Eed River, Man., 182G. (Douglas.) (2741.) S.'viridula, Trin. Act. Petrp. 39, (1836.) S. spartea. Hook., Fl. II., 237, not Trin. S. parriflora, Xutt. I., 58, not Desf. Very common around badger holes, and in coulijes throughout the praii-ie region and westward to the Pacific. Som-is Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) "White Mud River, and Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Dawson.) Bank of Souris Eiver, Man. (Burgess.) Abundant from Winnipeg to the Eockj' Mountains, and westward to the Columbia Valley, at Donald; common around Victoria, on Cedar Hill, and at Oak Bay, Vancouver Island. (Alacoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2742) S. Columbiana, K Sp. Closely related to the preceding, but much less in size, with a smaller panicle and an awn scarcely an inch long ; glumes purplish, acuminate to a slender point. Tale, B.C. ; Cedar Hill, four miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 192 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 687. ORYZOPSIS, Michx. (MOUNTAIN RICE.) (2T43.) O. asperifolia, Mkhx., Fl.I.,51; Pm-sh, Fl. I., GO ; Hook., Fl. II., 2.M(;. Urachne agperifolia, Trin. Diss. I., 174. U. lewosperma, Link. Hort. Berol. I., 94. Rocky woods, not infrequent, and widely extended. Newfoundland. {Seeks.) Eocky woods, Truro, and Halifax, N.S. (Macoun.) Frederic- ton Junction, and Port Elgin ; Petitcodiac ; common at Salmon Eiver, in " blue-berry barrens," N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Madeline Eiver, Gasp6 coast, Q. (Porter.) Gomin's AVood, Quebec fcity. (St. Cyr.) Woods along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) "Woods in the vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Eich, rocky woods throughout Centi'al Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, north-westerly to Nipigon River, and south to Port Arthur, and twelve miles up the Kaministiqua Eivor. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Vicinity of Kingston, Ont. (Prof. Fowler.) Woods near Toronto. (Burgess.) Wooded banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N".K.T. (J. M. Macoun.) Xot uncommon on dry slopes fi-om the Kananaskis through the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley at Donald, B.C. ; near Clinton, and at Soda Creek, on the Fraser, B.C. (Macoun.) Canada to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2744.) O. Canadensis, Ton-, f 1. K York II., 433. 0. parvlflora, Nutt; Hook., Fl. II., 236. Stipn juncea, Miclix., Fl. 1., 54. S. Canadengis, Poir.: Pursh, Fl. I., 72. Milium pungem, Torr., Fl. I., 7S. Urachne brericaudata, Trin. Gen. Pan., 27. Rather rare in dry sandy and pine woods. Manowin Island, Seven Islands Bay, St. Lawrence River. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Lower St. Lawrence, (j. (A.T. Brummond.) Eocky woods, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) Quite common at Chalk River, on the Ottawa, and at North Bay, Lake Nipissing ; di-y sandy hills at Belleville, and on the Oak Hills, Hast- ings Co. ; very common on Eice Lake Plains, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Maccnin.) Sandy thickets along Lake Huron, at Southampton, Ont. (Burgess.) Twenty-five miles west of Port Arthur, on high dry land. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) South CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 193 Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; upper crossing of the Blackwator Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Occasionally met with on dry gravelly slopes in the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain to Donald" in the Columbia Valley; Soda Creek. Fraser Eivei-, and Spence's Bridge B.C. (Macoun) ^ ' (2745.) O. melanocarpa, Muhl. Gram. 79. 0. wperifolm, Kiinth, Enum. I., 17(), in part. Milium racemomm. Smith; Bigel. Fl. Best., 25. PiptntJurum nxgrum, Torr., FI. I., 79. Urachne raeemosa, Trin. Diss. I., 174. Eocky woods, rather rare and local. Woods, vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Wootls, near Proscott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common amongst Laurentian rocks at Shannonville, and through- out North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Jones Falls, Eideau Canal, Ont. (Millman.) Wooded hillsides, Lontlon, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) (2746.) O. cuspidata, Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. XIX., 82. Ericoma cuspidata, Nutt. Gen. I., 40 ; Macoun, Cat, No. 2143. Stipa membranacea, Pursh, Fl. II., 728 ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. S. Iti/menoides, Rcera. & Soliultz. Syst. II., 339. Urachne lanata, Trin. Panic. 38. Fendleria rhynchelytroides, Stei\d. Syn. Gram. 420. A most beautiful grass, growing in large clumps on sand in the prairie region and British Columbia. White Mud Eiver, Assiniboia, and Milk River Eidge, Alberta. (Daivson. Burgess.) Yevy abundant amongst sand hills at the source of the Qu'Appelle ; north of the Cypress Hills ; and south of Battleford. (Macoun.) Fort Carleton, Saskatchewan Eiver. (Hooker, FL) 688. MILIUM, Linn. Linn. Gen. 70. (MILLET-GRASS) (2747.) M. effusum, Linn.; Hook., FI. IL, 235. A fine tall grass, growing in cold damf) woods throughout the north- ern forest region. Wet thickets, Whycocomagh, Cape Breton; and at Salt Lake, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Richmond, Carle- ton Co., N.B. {Folder, Cat.) Between Florenceville and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.) Nepisiquit Lakes, N.B. (Hay.) Island of Orleans, and Thunder Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sugar Bush Lake, Montcalm Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Damp woods near Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Woods, near Prescott, Ont.; common. (Billings.) Cold woods, and cedar swamps, central Ontario, westward to Owen Sound, and north-westerlj' 13 194 GEOLOGICAL S0RVEY OF CANADA. to Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) "Wet woods, vicinity of London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.') Neighboi-. hood of Montreal and Quebec. {Hooker, Fl.) 689. MUEHLENBERCIA, Schreber. (DROP-SEED) (2748.) M. diffusa, Schreb.; Pursh, Fl. I., 40. Dilepycum ininutiliorum, Michx., Fl. I.,40. In grassy woodlands along Lake Erie, above the Canal at Port Col- borne. (Macoun.) Point Pel^e, Esse.^ Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) (2749.) M. glomerata, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 237. Pohjpotjon (jlomeratwt, Willi]. Enum. I., 87. P. s>etosw, Spreng. ilant. I., 31. P. racemo^us, Nutt. Gen. I., 51. AffToslis racemoso, Michx., Fl. I., -jS; Pursh, Fl. I., 65. A. tetosa, Muhl. Gram. 68. Cinna racemoso, Kunth. Enum. I., 207. Not uncommon in swamps, and along brooks and rivers. "Weldford, Kent Co. ; Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Petiticodiac, X.B. (Brittain.) Becscie Eiver, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Olt.) Marsh near Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Beaver meadows. North Hastings, Ont. ; Big Swamp, Murray, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low grounds, Lon- don, On'.. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Point between Shib-wah and Batch-ah-wa-nah rivers, Georgian Bay ; Michipicotin Eiver, and Oba Lake, Ont. (It. Bell.) Wet bank, twenty- five miles up the Kaministiqua Elver ; also frequent on the margins of lakes and swamps throughout the prairie region, and north-west to Peace Eiver ; rather rare in the Eocky Mountains, from Morley to Donald in the Columbia Valley, B.C. (Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eock}' Mountains. (Daicson.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2750.) M. Mexicana, Trin. Diss. L, 189. Agrostis Mexicana, Linn. ; iluhl. Gram. 67 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. A. lateriflora, Michx., Fl. I., 53 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 64. Cinna Mexicana, Link. Enum. I., 71. Moist meadows and boi-ders of moist thickets. Fredericton ; Petit- codiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Simonds, Carleton Co., N.B. (Brittain.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 195 •On sandy banks of the Riviere Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (Z)' Urban.) Along the I'ocks, Major Hill Park, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods near Prescolt Junction, and close to Ottawa. (Billings.) Low rich land along Cold Creek, at Wooler, Ont. ; frequent in meadows and thickets, Hastings Co. ; and at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Edward, St. Clair River, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Near Kingston, Ont. (Burgess.) Swampy meadows, near London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Manitoulin Island, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Along Current River, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun^ (2751.) M. sylvatica, Torr. & Gray, Gi'am. & Cyp. I., No. 13. A(jroslis sylvatica, Torr., Fl. I., 87. A. (liffiisa, Muhl. Gram. 64. Rocky beds of streams and by waterfalls. Low i-ocky places, Frederic- ton; Belleisle, King's Co., N.B. (Folder, Cat.) Dideguash River, N.B. (Say.) Abundant along the Moira and Trent rivers, in Hastings and Northumberland Co's., Ont. (Macoun.) Rocky banks, Moon River, Muskoka Co., Ont. (Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) (2752) M. Willdenovii, Trin. Diss. L, 188. Agrostis tcnuifloid, Willd. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 63. Cinna tenuiflora, Link. Enum. I., 71. Rocky woods, apparently rare. Rocky banks and woods along the Moira, half a mile above the railwaj^ bridge, at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Rocky wooded bank of river, Niagara Falls. (Burgess.) This species is distinguished from M. Mexicana by its long-awned palets, and from M. sylvatica. by its contracted and very slender panicle and short-pointed glumes. 690. BRACHYELYTRUM, Beauv. Agrostogr. 39. (2753.) B. aristatum, Beauv.; Torr., Fl. L, 102. Muehlenbergia erecta, Schreb. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 61. M. aristata, Pers.; Hook., Fl. II., 237. M. Brachyelytrum, Trin. Diss. I., 88. Dilepycum aristosum, Michx., Fl. I., 40. Rocky woods, not common. In woods at Truro, and Windsor, N.S. {Macoun.) Eocky woods, Molus River, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Montmorency River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Woods at Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Woods west of Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Rather common in woods throughout central Ontario. 196 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (Macoun.) Yieinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich woods, London, Ont. ; Moon Eiver, Muskolca Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Owen Sound, and wood8 at Queenston Heights, Ont. ; woods along Current Eivei-, near Port Arthur, Lake Superioi-. (Macoun.) Canada. (Goldie.) 691. PHLEUM, Linn. Gen. 77. (TIMOTHY-GRASS (2754.) P. alplnum, Linn.; Hook., Fl. IL, 234. P. Hunkcanum, Presl, Rel. Hr«m/no?icZ.) Abundant at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very abundant in its usual baunts throughout the whole of northern and central Ontario (Macoun.) Nortli shore of Lake Superior. (Agassi:.) On an old road, Mamainse, Lake Superior. (JR. Bell.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) ilanitoulin Island, Georgian Bay. (Mrs. Saunders.) Sandy and wet places, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Saugcen, Lake Huron ; Parry Sound, Geoi-gian Bay; Lake of the "Woods. (Burgess.) Oba Lake, Ont. ; Nelson and Hayes rivers, Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn Eiver, Keewatin ; South Twin Island, James Bay; Washow Bay, Lake "Winnipeg ; and Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Common at the Lake of the "Woods; Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta ; Jllk Eiver, Kootanie Valley, Eocky Mountains ; Ilgacho Brook, B.C.'; and Lake Lindeman, lat. 60°, B.C. (Dawson.) Very abundant along all the rivers in the prairie region, and northward to Lake Athabasca ; very common in suitable places, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Bed Eiver, Man. 1827. (Douglas.) (2770.) A. varians, Triu., Agrost. II., G8. A. exarakt, var. ?. minor, Hook., Fl. II., 239. A. canina, var. melcdeuca. Bong.; Hook., FL II., 240. (?) A. Drummondii, Torrey, Ms. (xide Hooker.) Valleys of the Eocky Mountains, on the east and west sides of the dividing ridge. (Hooker, Fl.) Trinius founded the species on specimens collected by either Douglas or Drummond on the Athabasca Pass, in the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands, 1878. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Hooher, FL) Greenland. (Lange.) (2771.) A. VERTiciLLATA, Vill. Delph. II., 74. VUfa slolonifera. Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechy, 161. (?) Apparently introduced at Victoria and Xanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2772.) A. vulgaris, "With.; Hook., Fl. II., 239; Pursh, Fl. I., 63. A. polymorpli'i, Trin., var. a. Diss. I., 202. A. hL^ida, Willd. Sp. I., 370. Very abundant in pastures and meadows throughout the whole CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 201 Dominion of Canada. In the eastern provinces there ai-e both the introduced and indigenous forms, but westward in the Eocky Moun- tains and British Columbia, especiallj' on Vancouver Island, the indi- genous variety is the predominant or only one. Var. ALBA, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 47, (1885.) A. alba, Linn. ; Pursli, Fl. I., 64 ; Hook., FI. II., 239. A. decumberu, Muhl. Gram. 68. Naturalized in pastures and wet meadows, especiallj- eastward. This and the preceding are invaluable for pasture and permanent mea- dow land, and are the Bed Top and Herd's Grass of the agriculturalists. Greenland. (Lar^ge.) 695. POLYPOCON, Desf. BEARD-GRASS.) (2773.) P. MoNSPELiENSis, Desf; Gray, Man. Ed. Y., 612. Waste heaps around Victoria, especially at the head of James Bay, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher. Macoun.) Introduced; <2774.) P. LiTTORALis, Smith ; Bot. Calif II.. 270, P.fugax, BolanJ. Cat. .34. Eefuse heaps at the head of James Bay, Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Introduced. 696. ARCTACROSTIS, Criseb. Ledeb. Fl. Eoss. IV., 434. (2775.) A. latifolia, Ledeb. Fl. Eoss. IV., 434. Colpodium tatifolium, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 238. Vilfa arundinacea, Trin. Diss. I. Cape Chudleigh, Cape Prince of "Wales, and Mansfield Island, Hud- son Strait. (i2. Bell.) Nottingham Island, Hudson Bay. (Mackenzie.) Arctic sea-coast and islands; Hudson Baj-; and Bear Lake, to the shores of the Arctic sea. (Hooker, Fl.) Fort Kennedy, Lancaster Sound. (Br. Walker.) Between Fort Churchill, and Cape Lady Pelly, Hudson Bay. (Dr. Bae.) Greenland. (Lange.) Var. AlaskensiS, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 48, (1885.) Colpodium latifohum, X Kunth. (?) C. arundinaceum, Hook., Fl. II., 238. (?) Kotzebue Sound, and Arctic coast. (Bothr. Alask.) Point Barrow, Arctic coast. (John Murdoch.) 202 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 697. CINNA, Linn. Gen. 15. (WOOD-REED GRASS. (2776.) C. arundinacea, Linn.; Michs., Fl. I., 38. Muehlenbergia Cinna, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Agroslis Cinna, Pursh, Fl. I., 64. This species and the next have been confounded and mostly reported as C. pendula, but the_v appear quite distinct. Xewfoundland. (Seeks.} I^ear Bedford, Halifax Co., KS. (Somviers, Cat.) Woods along Brigham's Creek, near Hull, Q. (Fletcher, Fl. Oft) Eather rare at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Swampy soil, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of. Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) (2777.) C. pendula, Trin. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 49, (1885.) C. latifolia, Griesb. ; Rothrock's Alaskan Plants, 459. C. arundinacea, Linn., \&t. pendtUa, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 613. Mwldenbergia pcndtda, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. II., 237. Much commoner than the preceding, and more northern in its dis- tribution. A beautiful and conspicuous grass. Damp woods at Why- cocogmah. Cape Breton. {Macoun.) In deep shady places, Mohis and Bass rivers, N. B. {Fowler, Cat.) Bideguash Eiver, X.B. (Hay.) Salt Lake, Jupiter River, and Becscie River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Ste. Catherine, .Jacques Cartier Rivor, Q. (St. Cyr.) Sandy banks of the Riviere Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Q. (D' Urban.) Ticinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Banks of Nation River, near railway crossing, and and northward ; rare, Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in low, damp woods, along streams and small brooks, throughout central Ontario ; also at Port Hope and Owen Sound, and westward all around Lake Superior to the Xipigon River. (Macoun.) Xorth shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) "Wet woods, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Pai'ry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) Sault Ste. Marie. (Fletcher.) Oba Lake. Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. (J. Richardson.) Loon Strait, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in wet woods, northern Manitoba ; Cypress Hills, and northward to Edmonton and Peace River : Columbia Valley, and westward through the valleys of the Selkirk Mountains, B.C. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Hooker, Fl.) A'ar. mutica, Vasey. Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. (Baicson.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 203 Var. acutiflora, Vasej^. (MS.) N. Var. Abundant along the borders of brooks, and in river valleys, through- out the southern part of Vancouver Island, extending to Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Comox ; also Alberni, on the west coast. (Macoun.) 698. DEYEUXIA, Clarion. (REED-BENT GRASS.) (2778.) D. sequivalvis, Benth. & Hook., Gen. Plant IQ., 1153. A. xquivalvh, Trin. Agrost. II., 116 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2128, b. A. canina, var. xquivcdvis, Trin. ; Bong. Veg. Sitch. 171. A. canina, Linn., ,}. mdakuca, Bong. ; IIooW, Fl. II., 240. (?) A. HUkbrandii, Thurber ; Boland. Trans. Calif. Agri. Soc. 136, (1864.) Eather common on the grassy beds of snow-slides, at Eoger's Pass, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. {Macoun.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. {Bothr. Alask.) Summits of the Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, F I.) (2779.) D. Aleutica, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S. 50, (1885.) Calamagrostis Aleutica, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 241 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2140. C. albicans, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 92, (1862.) Crevices of rocks along the west coast of Vancouver Island and in marshes, covered at high tide, on the Alberni Canal. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Barclay.) Ounalashka, and Sitka. (Rothr. Alask. & Booker, Fl.) Ounalashka, 1885. (Mr. S. Applegate.) (2780.) D. breviaristata, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club XV., 48, N. Sp. " Culm 2-3 feet high, radical leaves very long, panicle 4 inches long, narrow and loose, branches unequal, verticills numerous, the longer ones about 1 inch long, erect, flowering, mostly to the base — empty glume 2 lines long, ve:y narrow, acute, membranaceous, scabrous on the keel ; flowering glumes as long as the empty ones, and about the same texture, lanceolate, acutish, 3 nerved, smoothish ; awn from about the middle, shorter than the fl. gl. or sometimes nearly absent; hairs rather sparse and fine, J to J as long as the fl. gl., those of the pedicel scanty but longer ; ])n\et as long as its glume, acute." In crevices of rocks amongst the islands in the outer part of Barclay Sound, near Cape Beale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 204 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2781.) D. Canadensis, Hooker, Arc. PI. 307 & 308. Calamagroslis Canadensis, Beauv. ; Hook., Fi. II., 240; Macoiin, Cat. No. 2135. C. Mexicana, Nutt. Gen. I., 46. C. Purshii, Kuntli, Enum. I., 208. Arundu Canadensis, Michx., Fl. I., 73; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. A. dnnoideg, Muhl. Gram. 187. A. agrostoides, Pursh, Fl. I., 86. An abundant and valuable species extending from Newfoundland and the Atlantic provinces throughout the whole northern and central forest region, and Eocky Mountains and British Columbia, to the islands on the Pacific coast and north to Alaska. (2782.) D. confinis, Kunth; Vasey, Grasses of U. S. 28, (1883.) Calamagroslis conjinig, Kutt. Gen. I., 46. C. inexpanm, Gray, Gram. & Cyp. I., No. 20. Arundu confinis, Willd. Enum. I., 127. Chiefly included by collectors in B. neglecta or Calamagrostis stneta. Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eocky woods, Elziver, North Hastings, Ont.; woods along the North Saskatchewan, above Fort Carleton, and at Edmonton, lat. 53° ; on gravel at Kananaskis station, Bocky Mountains ; shores of Home Lake, and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2783.) D. crassiglumis, Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U. S., 50, (1885.) Calamagrostis crassiglumis, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 281. Nimpkishor Karrautzon Lake, Vancouver Island. {Dairson.) In gravel along the shores of Home Lake, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2784.) D. deschampsioides, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 50, (1885.) Calamagroslis deschampsioides, Trin. Spec. Gram. III., 354. California to Alaska. ( Vasey.) "We know nothing of this species. (2785.) D. Langsdorffii, Kunth, Gram. I., 77. Calamagroslis Langsdorffii, Trin- ; Macoun, Cat. No- 2136. C. Oregonensis, Buckl. Proced. Philad. Acad., 92, in part, (1862.) Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence. (McKay.) Low grounds at Whycocomagh, Cape Breton. (_Macoun.) Campbellton, N.B. (Chal- mers.) Thunder Eivei', ^i. (St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Current Eiver, near Port Arthur, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Port Arthur. (Burgess.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) North end of CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 205 Lake Winnipeg, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (S. Bell.) L'pper Naohacco Eiver, B.C. (Datcson.) Shores of Shawnigan Lalje, Van- couver Island. {Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Daivson.) Fort "Wrangel, Alaska. {Meehan.) Ounalashka, 1885. {Mr. S. Applegate.) (2786.) D. Lapponica, Kunth ; Vasoy, Cat. Grasses U. S. 51, (1885.) Calamagrostis Lapponica, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 682 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2141. Isle Eoyal, Lake Superior. (Prof. T. C. Porter.) Salt Lake, Anti- costi ; Otter Head, and Pic Eiver, Lake Superior ; Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. {Macoun.) (2787.) D. Macouniana, Vasey, Coulter's Bot.Gaz.,X., 297, N.Sp. "Culm GO to 90 cm. high, slender, leafy; sheaths mostly as long as as the internodes, smoothish ; ligule about 2 mm. long, lacerate leaf blades narrow, 15 to 25 cm, long, attenuated to a filiform point ; panicle 10 to 12 cm. long, narrow, open, 2 to 4 cm. in width, branches mostly in fives, approximate, slender, erect; spikelets somewhat crowded on the upper part of the branches, 2 mm. long ; empty glumes nearly equal, purplish, lanceolate, acute, finely scabrous on the back; flower- ing glumes \h mm. long, ovate oblong, somewhat truncate and 2-lobed at the apex, the lobes finely denticulate ; awn above the middle of the glume, straight, reaching to the apex; palet about one-third shorter than its glume, bifid, denticulate at apex ; hairs copious, as long as the flowering glume. The panicle resembles that of Agrostis vulgaris, and the flowers are smaller than those of any other of our species."— (Dr. Geo. Vasey in Bot. Gazette, Vol. X., page 297.) Black Eiver, Lake Winnipeg, 1884 ; Souris Plain, Man. 1883. (J. 31. Macoun.) (2788.) D. neglecta, Kunth, Gram. I., 7G. D. stricla, Coulter, Man. Ry. Mount. PL, 414. Calamagrostis coarctaia, Hook., Fl. II., 240. C. stricta, Beauy. ; Hook., FL II., 240 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2138. Borders of rivers and lakes in the east, and in swampy meadows on the prairie. Amherst Island, Magdalen Islands. ((7o8a, var. ,t major, Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arctic sea-coast. {Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound, Ounalashka, Sitka, and the interior of Alaska. (Rothr. Alask.) Var. Bottnica, Vasey, Cat. Gra.sses U.S. 53, (1885.) D. lioUnica, Wabl. ; Trin. Icon. t. 255. ShoresoftheGulf of Georgia, and Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Port Etches, Alaska. (Barclay.) Var. longiflora, Trin. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 53, (1885.) Abundant in salt marshes at the mouth of the Nanaimo River, and along all the coasts of Vancouver Island, either under this form or the preceding one. (Macoun.) Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Vancouver city, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. {Baicson.) Var. maritima, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club, XV., 48, (N. Var.) This is a very depauperate form, only 6-8 inches high, collected on the South Twin Island, James Bay, by J. M. Macoun, 1887. (2805.) D. calycina, Presl, Eel. Htenk. I., 251. D. danthonioides, Munro ; Benth. PI. Hartwftg. 342. Aira danthonioides, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 243 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2240. Abundant in desicated places near Victoria, on Mount Tolmie, Cedar Hill, at Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2806.) D. etongata, Munro.; Benth. PI. Hartweg. 342. Aira ctongata. Hook., Fl. II., 243; Macoun, Cat. No. 223-5. Abundant in numerous places on dry gravelly soil throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Che- mainus, Nanaimo, Quallcum, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 211 (2801.) D. alba, Eoem. & Schultz. Syst. II., 688. Aira flexuosa, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 77; Hook., Fl. II., 243; Macoun, Cat No. 2238. Not rare on rocky soil in the eastern part of Canada. Newfoundand. (^Meeks.) Ungava Bay, Labrador. {Barnston.) Xain, coast of Labrador. {K. Bell) Near Bedford, Halifax Co., N.S. [Sommers, Cat.) Abundant at Kingston, Pirate's Cove, and near Halifax, N..S. {Macoun.) Eocky banks, Yarmouth, N.S. {Burgess.) On rocks near the mouth of the Kennebeccasis, KB. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. {St. Cyr.) Tadousac Eiver, St. Lawrence, Q. {A. T. Drummond.) Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. {Macoun. Porter.) Pine grove, two miles west of Pi'escott, Ont. {Billings.) Eocky banks of North Eiver, Belmont, Peterboro Co. ; crevices of rocks. Hooper's Lake, Ilasting's Co. ; Jones Falls, near Owen Sound ; among rocks, Queenston Heights, Niagara Eiver; Little Flat Eock Portage, Nipigon Eiver; along Thunder Baj% at Port Arthur, and twenty miles up the Kamin- istiqua, west of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) "\'icinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) I-ake Mistassini, N.E.T. {J. M. Macoun.) Greenland. (Langc.) 702. HOLCUS, Linn. Gen. 1U6. iMEADOW SOFT-GRASS) (2808 ) H. LANATOS, Linn. ; (hay, Man. Kd. V., 642. Introduced from Europe and cultivated in the maritime provinces and British Columbia. Moist meadows and roadsides at Digby, and A.nnapoIis, N.S. {Macoun.) Meadows, near Loudon, Out. {Burgess. Millman.) Not uncommon at Cedar Hill, and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 703. TRISETUM, Pers. Syn. PI. L, 97. (2809.) T. canescens, Buckl. Proced. Acad. Philad. 100, (1862.) T. elatum, Boland. Cat. 34. Not uncommon on rocky soil in the southern part of Vancouver Island, at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Home Lake, near Qualicum. {Macoun.) Near Sooke, Vancouver Island. {Dawson.) At Agassiz Station, B.C. {Fletcher.) (2810.) T. cernuum, THn.; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Abundant in grassy and damp woods at Oak Bay, Cedar Hill, and 212 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. Xanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, and Sooke, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) (2811.) T. subspicatum, Beauv. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. T. airoide.t, Kcem. Oc Sohultz. Eocky margins of cliffs and ravines from Morley westwai-d through the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and northward in British Columbia to Fort McLeod, lat. 55^. (Alacoun.) Eastern summit of North Koo- tanie Pass, Eocky Mountains ; Upper Liard Eiver, lat. 60°, Felly Banks, lat. 62°, Frances Lake, Finlayson Lake, and hills north of that lake, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Ounalashka, and Kotzebue Sound ; and from Point Barrow to Mackenzie Eiver. {Bothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) (2812.) T. subspicatum, Beauv., var. molle, Gray, Man. Ed. V. T. mulh; Trin. Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. 64, (1831.) Arena mollis, Michs., Fl. I., 72 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. Very common on rocky banks of rivers and lakes particularly north- ward. Nain, coast of Labrador ; Cape Chudleigh, Cape Prince of Wales, and Digge's Island, Hudson Strait ; Port Churchill, Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) Newfoundland. {Reeks.) On rocky banks, Eesti- gouche Eiver ; Upper Gaspereaux and Upper St. John rivers, N. B. {Foivler, Cat.) Manowin Island, Seven Islands Bay, and Grand Isle, Mingan, Q. {St. Cyr.) Eiviere de Brig, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, Madeline river, Gasp^, Q. ; crevices of rocks. Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; sand hills, near Port Hope; and at Oak Hill Pond, Hastings Co. ; along Gull Eiver, Victoria Co. ; very abundant around Lake Superior and Lake Nipigon. {Macoun.) Along the north shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Shore of James Baj' north to Cape Jones ; Severn Eiver to Hudson Bay, and north to York Factory. {J. M. Macoun.) Michi- picotin Eiver, Ont. {R. Bell.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains ; Skagit summit, Hope trail, B.C. {Daw- son.) On damp slopes throughout the Eocky and Selkirk mountains;' on the summit of Mount Mark, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Eocky Mountains to the Arctic sea-shore and islands. {Mcoker, Ft.) 704. AVENA, Linn. Gen. 91. (OAT-GRASS.) (2S13.) A. FATUA, Linn. (Wild Oats.) This species is reported from many parts of Ontario and Manitoba, but the only specimen we have ever seen of it is from Moosomin, in Assiniboia. It makes very good fodder, but as a grain is of no value. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 213 (2814.) A. pratensis, var. Americana, Scribner. A. versicolor, Vill. ; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Abundant on the prairie, from Portage la Prairie westward to the boundary of Manitoba. (Macoun.) Souri.s Plain, near Moose Moun- tain, Assiniboia. (J. M. Macouii.) On gravelly banks around Morley, in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Eocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) <2815.) A. Striata, Michx., Fl. I., 27; Piirsh, Fl. I., 86; Hook., Fl. 11., 244. Rather uncommon in woods and thickets over a wide area. Bass Eivcr, Tabusintac, on Bathuist Eoad; Upper St. John, and Petit- codiac, K B. (Fowler, Cat.) St. Eemi, Q. {McGill Coll. Herb.) Mount Albert, Gasp(5, Q. (Porter.) Common in woods at Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. ; rather rare. (Billings.) Mount Albert, Gaspd, Q. ; Carleton Place, near Ottawa ; quite common in rocky woods at Belleville, Ont.; woods, Eed Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Lake Medad, near Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Eich wooded banks, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Nipi- gon, and on dry places generally around Lake Superior, and westward up the Kaministiqna. (Macoun.) Kmerson, Man. (Burgess.) Winnipeg, and North West Angle road, Man. (Dawson.) Portage la Prairie, and westward to Fort Kllice; rather uncommon on the lower slopes of the EvCky Mountains, from Canmore westward to the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Montreal to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) (281G.) A. ANNUA, Linn. (Cultivated Oat.) Successfully grown in every part of Canada, and producing enor- mously in the prairie region and British Columbia. It is cultivated as far north as Fort Norman, at the mouth of Great Bear Lake Eiver, lat. 65°, long. 123°, west. 705. Arrhenatherum, Beauv. (OAT-GRASS.) (2817.) A. AVENACEUM, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 642. Cultivated on lawns and sometimes in meadows. Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) Lawns at Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Cadboro Bay, and Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 214 GEOLOGICAL SDRVET OP CANADA. 706. DANTHONIA, DC. (WILD OAT-GRASS.) (2818.) D. Californica, Bolander, Proc. Calif. Acad. II., 182. Eather common in tufts at Old "Wives Lakes, east end of Red Deer Lakes, and west of Calgary, throu£!;h the foot-hills of the Eocky Moun- tains to Canmore, within the mountains; rather common on dry soil around Cedar Hill, and throughout the southern part of Vancouver Island, and Nanaimo, Qualicum, and Alberni. (Macoun.) North point of Texada Island, B.C. (Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) The Vancouver Island form is between the species and 2). unispicata, and seems to unite them. (2819.) D. intermedia, Vasey. A most interesting grass in its peculiar range and change of habit. Along Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; summit of Mount Albert, GasptJ, Q., alt. 4,000 feet ; very abundant in the prairie region, from Portage la Prairie westward to the source of the Qu'Appelle ; on the Cypress Hills, and from Calgary westward through the Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains, to the Columbia Valley; at Coldstream, Wellington Mine, Departure Bay, summit of Mount Mark, near Qualicum, and on rocks along Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Prairies at Emerson, Man. (^Burgess.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Dowjlas.) (2820.) D. spicata, Beauv.; Hook., Fl. II., 244. Avcna spiwUi, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. .1. glumacea, Michx., Fl. I., 73. Dry sandy woods, from the Atlantic to the Pacific ; not rare but local. Dry banks, Pictou, N.S. (Macoun & McKay.) Baddcck, Cape Breton. (Burgess.) Dry soil, Glenelg, Guysboro Co., IST.S. (Faribault.) Dry barrens; common at Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (ITay.) Montmorency Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Tadousac, Q. (A. T. Drummond.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, FL Ott.) Abun- dant in sandy meadows and almost everywhere around Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common on all dry and sandy soils at Belleville, and westward to Eed Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herh.) Sandy woodlands, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) Little Flat Eock Portage, Lake Xipigon; twenty-tive miles up the Kaministiqua, and on sandy soil around Lake Superior ; Eed Deer Eiver, lat. 53°, Man. ; rather common in the Eocky Moua- CATALOGt.-E OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 215 tains, at Hector, and on dry slopes, Columbia Valley ; sandj' woods, Nanaimo, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.^ Specimens approaching J), sericea were gathered at Saugeen, Ont, by Dr. Burgess, and by myself at Eed Bay, Lake Huron, and Red Deer River, Man. The Vancouver Island specimens approach D. inter- media, and it seems to me that further examination will reveal the existence of intermediate forms uniting all three in one multiform species. (2821.) D. unispicata, Munro. in Herb. D. Callfomiea, var. unUpicata, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 294. Not uncommon on the south and south-western slopes of the Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) 707. CYNODON, Pers. (BERMUDA GRASS.) (2822.) C. Dactylon, Pers. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 622. Introduced on ballast heaps and becoming naturalized at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 708. SCHEDONNARDUS, Steud. Syn. PI. Glum. I., 146 (2823.) S. Texanus, Steud. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 61, (1885.) LfpturiM paniculalm, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2215. On dry slopes at Old "Wives Lakes, and Eagle Creek, near the Bad Hills, Assiniboia. (Macoun.) Milk River, Alberta. (Burgess.) Near Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Dawson.) Turtle Mountain, Man. (Millman.) 709. BOUTELOUA, Lagasca. "GRAMA GRASS." % (2824.) B. hirsuta, Lag.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 621. B.fcena, Torr, Apparently rare in the prairie region or more jjrobably overlooked Only noticed south of the C^-press Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) ■216 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2825.) B. oligOStachya, Torr. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 621. AOteropogon oligostachyum, Nutt., Gen. I., 78. Chondrosium oligostachyum, Torr. in INIarcy's Eep., 300. Eulriana oligostuchijum, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 242. Abundant on the dry prairie from "Winnipeg westward to the Eocky Mountains, and especially southward of the Canadian Pacific Eailway. (Macmin.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Turtle Mountain, Man. ; and Coteau de Missouri, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) (2826.) B. racemosa. Lag.; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 63, (1885.) B. curtipendula, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 621. Chimin curtipendula, Michx., Fl. I., 159. Atheropogon apludoides, Wahl. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 75. Eulriana curtipendula, Trin. Diss. I., 243. CynosuriM secundtK, Pursh, Fl. II., 728. A verj- rare and beautiful species, on rocky banks. On dry lime- stone rocks at Heely Falls, Eiver Trent, Northumberland Co. ; rocky bank along the Grand Trunk Railway, east of Shannonville Station, Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Fort Garry, Man. (Burgess.) Stony Mountain, Man. (Fletcher.) 710. PHRACMITES, Trin. tREED-GRASS.) (2827.) P. communis, Trin.; Hook., Fl. II., 241. Arundo Phragmites, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 86. In ponds and marshes and by lake margins, from the Atlantic west- ward to the Pacific. At Truro, and Windsor, X.S. (Macoun.^ Eesti- gouche, St. Stephen, and Sackville, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Restigouche River, opposite Campbellton, N.B. ; also Jupiter River, Anticosti. (Macoun.) Prescott and Ottawa railwaj- bridge, Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Along the railway, four miles from Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant in marshes along the Bay of Quinte, at Belle- ville, and all marshes in central Ontario, and westward to Lake Huron, at Red Bay and Owen Sound; also fifteen miles up the Kaministiqua, west of Port Arthur. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Marshes along Lake Ontario, ^at Kingston, Ont. [Millman.) Miehi- pieotin River, and Lonely Lake, Ont. (R. Bell.) Gi'assy librrows, Lake Winnipeg. (J. JI. Macoun.) Abundant in marshes north-west of Edmonton, and around the west end of Lesser Slave Lake, and north to Lake Athabasca. (Macoun.) Mar^^h at •' Chinaman's Ranche" near Cache Creek, B.C. (Fletcher.) Saskatchewan River. (Hooker, Fl.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 217 711. TRIPLASIS, Beauv. (2828.) T. purpurea, Chap, f Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 67, (1885.) ■ Uraleph purpurea, Kutt. On the sandj^ shore of Lake Erie, at Point aux Pins, and Point Pel^e. (Burgess.) 712. MUNROA, Torr. Bot. Whipple Exp. 102. (2829.) M. squarrosa, Torr.; Vasoy.Cat. Grasses U.S. 69, (1885.) On alluvium in the valley of Red Deer Eiver, five miles east of the Hand Hills, Alberta, 1879. (Macoun.) 713. CYNOSURUS, Linn. Gen. 87. (DOG'S-TAIL GRASS.) (2330.) C. CBiSTATUS, Linn. ; Hook. Student's Flora, 488. On lawns and in meadows; seldom culllvated. Quebec, near the Parliament buildings. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Montreal. {G. Barnston.) Lawns at Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Oicasionally met with at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (^Fletcher.) Cloverdale, near Victoria. (John Tolmie.) 714. KCELERIA, Pers. Syn. PI. L, 97. (2831.) K. cristata, Pers.; Hook., Fl. 11., 249. Verj' abundant in the whole prairie region, and from the confines of the forest to Vancouver Island,. and northward to Athabasca Lake. Sandy ground, London, Ont.; and Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (J. M.Macoun.) Brandon, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Cypress Hills, Eed Deer Lakes, and throughout the whole Saskatchewan country to Peace River ; also from Brandon westward bj- Calgary through the Rocky Mountains to Castle Mountain. (Macoun.) Emerson to the Rocky Mountains, on the 49th parallel; North Fork of Old Man River, Eocky Mountains ; also Eliguck Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) Abundant in northern British Columbia to lat. 54° ; 218 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. common in many localities, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Lake Winnipeg, and Eed Eiver to the fJocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Eed River, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) Var. gracilis, Gray, Man. Bd. V., G25. Oak Bay, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island ; rather common. (Maeoun.) Var. major, Vasey. (MS.) N. Var. A very tine variety, strikingly like large specimens of Eatonia obtu- sata. Cedar Hill, and Goldstream, Vancouver Island. (Maeoun.) 715. EATONIA, Rafln. Joui-n. Phys. LXXXIX. (2832.) E. Obtusata, Gray, Man. Ed. V., G26. Kahriii trin,cala, Torr., Fl. I., 21G. Aira trunmta, Muhl. Gram. 83. A. ohtusnto, Michx., Fl. I., 62. Rchoidea gracilis, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 249, in part Eather rare in Ontario. In tufts in moist open woods, near Belle- ville; also near Grafton, Northumberland Co.; and at Eed Bay, Lake Huron, Ont. ; along the South Saskatchewan, at the Elbow. Assiniboia. (^Maeoun.) Red Eivei-, Man., 182". (^Douglas.) (2833.) E. Pennsylvanica, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 026. KiiUria (?) Painsylranica, DC. (1813.) Aira mollis, Mulil. Gram. 81. Bcbotdea gracilis, Kunth ; Hook., Fl. II., 249, in part. Along river mai-gins, chieflj' in alluvial soil, from the Atlantic to British Columbia. Eestigouche, and Kennebeccasis ; rather scarce, JSr.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Charlotte Co., X.B. ( Vroom.) Titusville, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gasp^, Q. (Macoxm.) "Waste places near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Along the Moira, at Belleville, and in man^ places throughout central Ontario, extending westward to Owen Sound, and thence northerly to the mouth of Nipigon Eiver, Lake Superior. (Maeoun.) Low woods near London, Ont. (Millman.) Xorth shoie of Lake Superior. (Agassi:.) Between Fort Severn and York Factory, Hudson Bay ; Washow Bay, Lake Winnipeg. (./. M. Maeoun.) Along the Columbia Eiver, at Donald ; apparently rare. (Maeoun.) Near the Falls of Niagara ; Saskatchewan to the Rocky Mountain?. (Hooker, Fl.) Emerson, Man. (Prof. Fouler.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 219 716. CATABROSA, Beauv. Agrost. 10. (2834.) C. aquatica, Beauv.; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Eather rare in springs and small brooks eastward. Pentecost River, Q. (St. Cyr.) Boggy place, near Salt Lake, Anticosti ; Mont Louis, Gaspd coast, Q. {Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T, ; Fort George, James Bay ; Severn River, Keewatin ; also west coast of Hudson Bay, and Qu'Appelle River, at Fort Qu'Appelle, Assiniboia. {J. M. Macoun.) Swift Current Creek, Assiniboia; Crawling V^alley, south of the Hand Hills, Alberta ; abundant around a large spring west of Morley Station, Rocky Mountains. (^Macoun.) AVood Mountain, and Milk River, lat. 49°. (Burgess. Dawson.) York Factory, Hudson Bay, to the Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) 717. ERACROSTIS, Beauv. Agrost. 70. (2835.) E. MA.I0R Host. Gram. 4, t. 24. E. poxoides, var. megastadtya, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 631. Briza Eragroslit, Linn. ; Michx.. Fl. I., 72 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 72. Megastachya Eragroslis, Beauv. Agrost. 74. Introduced along some of the railways in Ontario. Point Edward, River St. Clair, Ont. (./. M. Macoun.) Along the railway at Windsor, Ont. (Macoun.) (2836.) E. MINOR, Host.; Vasoy, Cat. Grasses U.S. 72, (1885.) E. jioicoides, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 631 • Poa Eragroslis, Linn.; Pursh, Fl. I., 80. Waste places and in cultivated grounds. London, and Point Pelee, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) In fields at Royston, Park, Owen Sound. (Macoun.) (2837.) E.-PuRSHii, Schrad.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 632. Apparently introduced along railways. In fields at Port Colborne, and Windsoi-, Lake Erie. (Macoun.) (2838.) E. reptans, Nees; Graj^ Man. Ed. V., 631. Poa reptans, Michx., Fl. L, 69; Pursh. Fl. I., SI ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. Along the Salmon River, four miles above the railway bridge, near 220 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA, Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; common on alluvial soil, near Belleville, and in many places in Hastings Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Eiver flat, Don Valley, Toronto, Ont. (Burgess.) Along the Eed Eiver, at "Winnipeg; common. {Fletcher.) 718. MELICA, Linn. God. 82. (2839.) M. acuminata, Bolander, Proced. Calif. Acad. IV., 104. Festuca gidnilaia, Bong. Veg. Sitch. 173; Hook, Fl. II., 251. Bromus suhvlatiis, Griseb ; Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. ^^II., 410. Not xmcommon in shady woods at Oak Bay, Gordon Head, and Nanaimo, Goldstream, Qualicum, and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2840.) M. aristata, Thurber; Bolander Proced. Calif Acad. IV., 103. Abundant in the valle^-s of the Selkirk Mountains, especially in Beaver and Bear Creek valleys. (Macoun.) (2841.) M. bulbosa, Geyer; Hook. Journ. Bot. VIII., 19. M. poxoides, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. IV. 157. Eather common in the Eocky Mountains, ard British Columbia. Western summit of South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Not rare in northern British Columbia to Fort McLeod, lat. 55°. (Macoun.) (2842.) M. Harfordii, Bolander, Proced. Calif Acad. IV., 102. Eather rare in rocky ground at Oak Bay, and in oak woods near Cloverdale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 719. PLEUROPOCON, R. Br. (2843.) P. Sabinii, E. Br.; Hook,, Fl. II., 249. Melville Island. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Kennedy, west coast of Baffin's Bay, lat. 72''. (Dr. Walker.) Greenland. (Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 221 720. DISTICHLIS, Rafin. (SPIKE-GRASS.) (2844.) D. maritima, Eaf. Journ. Phys. LXXXIX., 104. Brizopyrum spicatum. Hook. & Ani. ; Hook., FI. II., 254, in part ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 628. B. borcale, Presl, Rel. Hsenk. I., 280. B. Americanum, Link. Hort. Berol. I., 160. Poa Michaimi, Kunth, Enum. I., 325. Ft'Huca dulichophylla, Michx., I'l. I., 67; Pursh, Fl. I., 84. Abundant in salt marshes at Victoria, Cadboro Bay, and Nanaimo on the east, and Barclay Sound on the west side of Vancouver Island. (^Macoun.) Straits of De Fuca, and Nootka. (Hooker, Fl) Var. stricta, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 306. Brizopyrum spicatum, var. Hriclum, Gray. B. spicalum., Hook. & Am. ; Hook., Fl. II., 254, in part; Macoun, Cat. No. 2175. I'oa horrale, Hook., Fl. II., 245. We place all our interior specimens under the variety, as they have the loose panicle, few erect spikelets and pale green color that characterize it. Very abundant by salt marshes throughout the whole prairie region, from Winnipeg westward to the mountains, and the dry interior of British Columbia. Hand Hills, and Eed Deer Lakes, Alberta. (Macoun.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Thompson Eiver, B. C. (J. A. Hill.) " Chinaman's Eanche," above Spence's Bridge, B. C. (Fletcher.) Plains of the Eed Eiver to the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Milk Eiver, lat. 49°. (Millman.) Saline soil, Wood Mountain, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) 721. DACTYLIS, Linn. Gen. 86. (ORCHARD GRASS.) (2845.) D. GLOMERATA, Linn. ; Nees. Gen. t. 65. Cultivated in orchards and lawns, and escaped to roadsides in many parts of the older provinces. It seems better suited for Vancouver Island than timothy, as it produces better fiasture. 222 GEOLOGICAL SIRVET OF CANADA. 722. BRIZA, Linn. Gen. 84. (QUAKINGIGRASS.) (2846.) B. MEDIA, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 633. Introduced and naturalized in a few places, ileadow near London, Ont. ; very rare. {Millman.) On dry rocks at the Halfway House, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.') 723. POA, Linn. Gen. 83. ^MEADOW GRASS.) (2847.) P. abbreviata, R. Br. : Hook., Fl. II., 247. Melville Islands, and Igloolik ; Kotzebue Sound. (Hooker, Fl.) Port Bowen, Labrador, 1825. {Lieut. Ross.) Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) On rocks near the sea, Cadboro Bay, and on sand at Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Greenland. {Lange.) Some of these references are doubtful. (2848.) P. alpina, Linn.; Hook.. Fl. II., 246. Abundant on mountains and on the northern coast. Nain, coast of Labrador; and Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait. {R. Bell.) New- foundland. {Sir Joseph Banks.) Jupiter River, and Gunn River, Anticosti; Rivii^re Ste. Anne des Monts, Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gasp6, Q. (Porter.) Harbor Island, Mingan, Q. (St. Cyr.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) At Otter Head, and Pie Island, Lake Superior ; Point Wilkins, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. (Macoun.) '■ The Twins," James Bay ; west coast of Hudson Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) York Factory to Fort Churchill. (R. Bell.) Between Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. ( Dr. Rae.) Rather abundant on the Rocky Mountains, from the Kananaskis westward to Roger's Pass, in the Selkirk Mountains; Stewart's Lake Mountain, and Fort Mc- Leod, B.C. ; summit of Mounts Benson and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Eastern and western summits of North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40', B.C., and Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, N.W.T. (Bauson.) From the elevated grounds of the Saskatchewan to the Rocky Mountains, and Bear Lake. (Hooker, Fl.) Pond's Bay, Baffin's Bay. (Dr. Walker.) Gi-eenlaud. (Lange.) (2849.) D. alsodes, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 630. P. nemoralis, Torn, Fl. I., 111. Dartmouth, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Oat.) Between Florence- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 223 ville, and Andover, X.B. (Brittain.) St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vroom.) Damp woods, near London, Ont. {Burgess. MiUman.) (2850.) P. andina, Nult.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S., 79, (1885.) This species seems to be badly characterized or poorly understood. Ungava, Labi-ador. (Barnston.) Sand beaches, Poplar Eiver, Lake Nipigoii, Ont. {Macoun.) Var. purpurea, Vasey. (MS.) Red Deer Lakes, Hand Hills, and Red Deer River, Alberta. (Macoun.) (2851.) P. ANNi-.v, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. This species has become naturalized wherever settlements have been made, and it seems to thrive as well on the shores of Hudson Bay as under the genial skio-^ of Vancouver Island. Gi'eenland. (Lange,) (2852.) P. Bolanderi, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. VII., 32. On sand at Sookc, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2853.) P. caesia, Smith; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. P. nenwmii/<, Hook., Fl. 11., 246. F. fjlauca, Vahl., Fl. J^an. t. 964, (1790) An abundant and useful grass forming much of the pasture in the eastern and northern pai-ts of the prairie region. At Windsor, N.S. (Macom.) Taborville, King's Co., N.B. {Fmoler, Cat.) Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.) Very common at Belleville, along the Eiver Moira, Ont. ; north-east coast of Lake Superior, and around Thunder Bay, and up the Kaministiqua to Kakabeka Falls. {Macoun.) Gravelly shores, London, and Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. {Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Severn Eiver, and west coast of Hudson Bay. (./. M. Macoun.) Point Wilkins, Lake Winnipegoosis, Man. ; west of Touchwood Hills ; Brandon, and Old Wives Lakes ; south of Battloford. {Macoun.) Moose Mountain Creek, Assiniboia. (■/. M. Macoun.) North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40'; Dease River, lat. 59°; Frances Eiver, lat. 61°; Pelly Banks, lat. 62°, B.C., and KW.T. {Dawson.) Spence's Bridge, B.C. {Macoun.) Var. strictior, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. Damp rocks near Sault Ste. Marie; Flat Rock Portage, Nipigou House, Lake Nipigon ; on dry slopes of the foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains, at Morley. {Macoun.) Wet gravelly shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthui-. {Burgess.) 224 GEOLOGICAL SCRVET OF CANADA. (2854.) P. cenisia, All. ; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S., 81, (1885.) P. arclica. R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 246, in part; Macoun, Cat. No. 2191. Pflexnom, Wahl. Fl. Suec. (1824.) Labrador; Eocky iloantains to the Arctic sea-shore and islands in every direction. {Hooker, Fl.) Ford's Harbor, Labrador ; CapeChud- leigh, Xohingham Island, Digge's Island, and Mansfield Island, Hud- son Strait. {R. Bell.) Fort George, Little Charlton Island, and "The Twins," James Bay ; west coast of Hudson Bay. (/. M. Macoun.) Between Fort Churchill and Cape Lady Pelly, north of Hudson Bay. {Br. Rae.) Point Barrow, Alaska. (John Murdoch.) Cape Lisburne, Kotzebue Sound, Ounalashka, and Sitka. {Rothr. AlasU.) On the beds of snow-slides on all the higher Eocky and Selkirk mountains. (^Macoun.) Hills north of Finhu'son Lake, X.'W.T. {Dawson.) Green- land. {Lan'je.) (2855.) P. coMPRESSA, Linn. (English Blue Grass.) This is considered an excellent pasture grass, but is much inferior to Poa pratensis. Truro, Annapolis and King.ston, N. S. {Macoun.) Hai-vey, York Co. ; Fredericton Junction, and St. John; Bellisle, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Magdalen Islands, IST.S. (-/ Richardson.) St. Charles Eivei-, Q. {St. Cyr.) Field, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe, Q. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Tadousac, Q. {A. T. Brummond.) Neighbor- hood of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common at Prescott, Ont. (Billinys.) Very common throughout central Ontario, in old pastures, and westward to Owen Sound. (Macoun.) Vicinityof Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sterile sandy soil, London, Ont. ; also Parry Sound, Georgian Bay. (Burgess.) In pastures at Cedar Hill, and Cioverdale, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2856.) P. Californica, Tasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 81, (1885.) P. andinn, Nutt in herb. Gray ; Macoun, Cat Na 2185. Eragrosti.^ Feiidleri, Steud. Syn. Gram. 278. Atropis Californica, Munro. (MS.) Abundant on the mountain slopes along the Fraser Eiver, at Lytton,, and up the Thompson to Spence's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) (2857.) P. cuspidata, Vasey & Scribner. Eather common ua the higher slopes of the Eocky and Selkirk mountains, and frequent in all the valleys. (Macoun.) (2858.) P. debilis, Torr. Bot. N. York, II., 459. Not uncommon in woods eastwai-d. Eocky woods at Pirate's Cove, Canso, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Petitcodiac, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.y CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 225 Island of Orleans. (St. Cyr.) Along Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, Gaspe, Q. (Macoun.) Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.) Miriwin's Woods, Pi-escott, Ont. ; rare. (Billings.) Dry rocky ground in woods at Shannonville, and Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont. ; dry spots. Current Eiver, Lake Superior, and Lake Nipigon ; Niagara Falls, and Port Stanley, Ont. (il/acauw.) London, Ont. (Mlllman) Vicinity of Hamil- ton, Ont. (Loyie.) Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Var. acutiflora, Vasey. (MS.) Common in woods and thickets at Ti-uro, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) (2859.) P. Eatoni, Watson. East end of Cypress Hills, Alberta, 1880. (Macoun.) (2860.) P. flavicans, Ledeb. ; Eolhr, Alask. PI,, 467. Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) (2861.) P. glumaris, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 247. Glyceria glumaris, Ledeb.; Rothr. Alask. PI. 458. Islands of St. Lawrence, and Sitka, peninsula of Alaska, and Kotze- bue Sound. (Hooker, Fl. Rothr. Alask.) Mingan Islands, Q. (St. Cyr.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) English Bay, Anticosti; Grand Etang, Gasp^ coast, Q. (Macoun.) Temiscouata, Q. (Pringle.) (28ii2.) P. Howellii, Vasey & Scribner. On the slopes of dry gravelly hillsides at Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Somenos, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2863.) P. laxa, Hajnk.; Hook , Fl. II., 246. On the open prairie, Emerson, Man. (Burgess. Millman.) Near Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan ; on a mountain summit near Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Hudson Bay to the Arctic islands. (Hooker, Fl.) Pond's Bay and Port Kennedy, west coast of Baffin's Bay, lat. 72°. (Br. Walker.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. {R.Bell.) (2864.) P. leptocoma, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 247. Sitka. (Hooker, FL) (2865.) P, Macounii, Vasey. (ined.) Abundant on the upper slopes of the Eocky Mountains, at Kicking Horse Lake, (188.5.) (Macoun.) (2866.) P. nemoralis, Linn.; Hook., Fl.IL, 246; Pursh, Fl. L, 79. (?) Amongst gravel in the vallej' of Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Moose 15 226 GEOLOGICAL SURVEr OP CANADA. Mountain, Assiniboia ; on the lower slopes in openings of the pine woods in the Eocky Mountains, at Castle Mountain; on sand in the valley of Beaver Creek, Selkirk Mountains, B.C. {Macoun.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Moose Factory, James Bay. {Cottar & Dr. Hayden.') Greenland. (Lange.) (2867.) P. Nutkaensis, Presl. Alaska. ( Vasey.) (2S68.) P. Nevadensis, Vasey. On clitFs along the sea at Esquimalt, and Gordon Head, near Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2869.) P. pratensis, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. 11., 246. This species is one of the most widely spread and most valuable gra.sses we have in the country. It is found in almost every situation, but prefers sandy or gravelly ticlds, where in a few yeai's it takes com- plete possession. Its value for hay is not nearly so great as for pas- ture. Although often despised by the farmer it is the best friend he has, us his animals iced upon it for nearly the whole summer. The form generally found in the fields has been introduced, but it is indigenous both in the north and west, and is destined to bo the great pasture gi-ass of oui- Xorth-wesl Territories. Greenland. (^Lange.) (2870.) P. purpurascens, Vasey, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club. VI., 297. On the uj)per slopes of the Eock}- and Selkirk mountains: very abundant; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5,700 feet. {Macoun.) (2871.) P. serotina, Ehrh. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 629. P. palustns, Muhl. Gram. 150. P. crocata, Michx., Fl. I., 68 ; Hook., Fl. II., 246. Abundant in wet swampy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Truro, and Yarmouth, X.S. {Macoun.) Baddeck, Cape Breton. {Bur- gess.) Magdalen Islands, N.S. {McKay.) Along brooks in damp fields, Bass Eiver ; Hampton, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Beauport, Q. {St. €yr.) Open places. Huckleberry Eapids, Argenteuil Co., Q. {D' Urban.) Tadousac, Q. {A. T. Drummond.) Along the Gasp^ coast, atMatane; Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, 11. Ott.) Common in wet places at Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Very common thi-oughout central Ontario, and extending northerly around Lakes Huron and Superior to Eainj- Lake. {Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Swampy ground near London. {Millman. CATALOG TE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 227 Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Gravelly shore of Lake Superior, at Port Arthur, Ont. (Burgess.) Nelson Eiver, Kee- ■watin. (R. Bell.) Moose Mountain, Assiniboia. (J". M. Macoiin.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Coteau de Missouri ; abundant on the Saskatchewan, and northward to Lake Athabasca ; very common in wet places and ditches, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Lake Winnipeg to the Rocky Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Red River, Man., 182T. {Douglas ) "We have vars. Hallii and erecta from the praiiie region, but thej' may be only transient forms of the species, and not good varieties. (2872.) P. stenantha, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 247. legiuca lurvosa, Hook., Fl. II., 251. (?) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Nootka Sound, west coast of Vancouver Island. {Hooker, FL) On the beds of snow slides on the higher Selkirk Mountains in Roger's Pass, B.C. {Macoun.) (2873.) P. sub-aristata, Scribner. On the summits of the higher Rocky Mountains, from Canmore westwai-d to the Columbia. {Macoun.) (2874.) P. tenuiflora, Nutt.; Gray, Proced. Am. Acad. VIII., 409 Alroph Umiijiora, Thurber, Bot. Calif. II., 310. An exceedingly valuable grass, especially in the foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains and throughout British Columbia. One of the "Bunch Grasses." In its numerous unrecognized varieties it extends from Brandon westward through the whole prairie region, especially to the south, and appears again west of the Rocky Mountains, where it is the chief pasture grass, and forms part of the natural hay in northern British Columbia. On Vancouver Island it is abundant, from the sea-coast to the snow-line, and hence is essentially the native pasturage grass of the Pacific coast. Var. Oregona, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 85, (1885.) This variety has only been detected along the coast of Vancouver Island, from Victoi-ia, to Nanaimo. (2875.) P. TRivL\Lis, Linn. (Rough-Stalked Meadow Grass.) Introduced in ballast at Richibucto, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) A number of forms of this fine grass were abundant in the wet pastures at, and around, Victoria, Vancouver Island ; doubtless introduced. (Macoun.) We have still a number of undetermined forms of Poa, some of 228 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. which may be good species, but we have not material enough on hand to come to any decision. This genus is well represented in Canada, and the fact that such species as P. ccesia, pratensis, serotina, and tenuijiora, are found throughout the north, shows clearly that Canada wherever denuded of forest is the land of butter, cheese and beef, for future generations. 724. CRAPHEPHORUM, Desv. (1810.) (2876.) C. melicoides, Beauv. ; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 625. Dupontia Coohifi, Gray, Man. Ed. II., (1856.) Petltcodiac, and Titusville, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Simonds, Carleton Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. (Porter.) Abundant along the coast of Anticosti, at Riviere de Brig ; five miles up the Madeline IJiver, Gaspe coast, Q ; on the bank of the Trent, half-waj-^ between Meyei-sburg and Campbellford, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; shore of Red Bay, Lake Huron ; very abundant at the Pic River, Lake Superior. (Macoun.) (2877.) C. Wolfii, Yasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 55, (1885.) " Head of the Mountain," west end of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macou7i.) 725. DUPONTIA, R. Br. (28'78.) D. Fischeri, R.Br.; Hook., Fl. II., 242. Arctic sea-coast and islands. {Hooker, Fl.) Cape Prince of Wales, and Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Port Kennedy, west coast of Baffin's Bay. {Dr. Walker.) Point Barrow. {John Murdoch.) Between Repulse Bay and Cape Lady Pelly. {Dr. Rae.) (2870.) D. psilosantha, Rupt. ; Symb. PI. Ross. 64. Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Arctic coast to Hudson Bay. ( Vasey.) Greenland. {Lange.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 229 726. ARCTOPHILA, Rupt. (2880.) A. fulva, Rupt. ; Vasey, Cat, Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Colpodium fulvum, Ledeb. Rothrock PI. Alask., 458. Poa fulva, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 247. Kotzebue Sound. (Bothr. Alask.) Arctic coast. (Vaset/.) Point Barrow. (John Murdoch.) <2881.) A. Laestadii, Rupt.; Yasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) A. pendtdina, And. Nottinghain and Mansfield islands, Hudson Straits; coast of Hudson Bay. (M. Bell.) West coast of Hudson Bay, lat. 56°. (J. M. Macoun.) (2882.) A. mucronata, Hack.; Vasey, ("at. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Arctic coast. ( Vasey.) 727. FLUMINIA, Fries. (2883.) F. arundinacea, Fries. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 88, (1885.) Festuca honalU, Hook., Fl. II., 251. GraphqohorumfeHwaceum, Graj% This fine gra.ss is found in great abundance in nearly all fi-esh water ponds throughout the prairie region, and northward to Peace River. {Macoun.) Ponds, Souris Plain, Man. (./. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods. {Burgess.) 728. CLYCERIA, R. Br. (2884.) C. angustata, Fries. Mant. III., 176. Poa angmkila, R. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 247. Alropis angustata, Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV., 390. Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alaslc) Arctic sea-coast and adjacent islands. {Hooker, Fl.) Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) Salt marshes along the Gasp^ coast, at Mont Louis; and in marshes at Annajiolis, N. S. (Macoun.) Idaho Inlet, Cross Sound, Alaska. (Meehan.) Greenland. (Lange.) 230 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2884.) C. arctica, Hook., Fl. II., 248. G. arctica, S. laxa, Dur. PI. Kan., No. 97. Arctic sea-coast. {Hooker, Fl.) This species is figured in Hooker's Flora Boreali Americana, and resembles a form of (?. maritima, but we are unaware of its identification with any of our species. (2886.) C. arundinacea, Kunth; Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U.S. 86, (1885.) G. aqmtka, Smith ; Hook., Fl. IL, 248 ; Macoun, Cat No. 2167. Poa aqiuxtica, var. ?. Arrwricana, Torr., Fl. I., 108. Abundant in pools, ditches, and borders of lakes and rivers, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In water and very wet places, Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Campbellton, X.B. (Chalmers.) Magdalen Islands, (J. Richardson.) Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Very common near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Abundant at Belleville, and westward throughout Ontario to Lake Nipigon, and south to the Kaministi(iua Eiver. (Macoun.) Sault Ste. Marie. (R. Bell.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. ; Parry Sound, Georgian Bay ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Woodstock, Ont. (Millman.) High Bluff, Man. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Moose Factory, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Hayden.) All around James Baj-, and north to York Factory ; also at Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Abundant in pools throughout the prairie region, and north to Lake Athabasca; rather common in the Columbia Yalley, froni Golden City to Donald ; in wet marshy places at Yictoria, Nanaimo, and Albemi, Yancouver Island. (Macoun.) Upper Nachacco River, B.C. (Dawson.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatchewan ; Eocky Moun- tains. (Hooker, Fl.) (2887.) C. Canadensis, Trin.; Hook., Fl. IL, 249. Poa Canadensif, Beauv. ; Torr., Fl. I., 112. Briza Canadensis, Michx., Fl. I., 71 ; Pursh, Fl. T., 82. Poa aqiiatica, Pursli, Fl. I., 80. Quite common in the maritime provinces ; rare we.stward. Yar- mouth, Windsor and Canso, X. S. ; North Sydney, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Prince's Lodge, near Halifax, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Common in bogs and very wet places, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Tobique River, N.B. (Hay.) Thunder River, Q. (St.Cijr.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) \Yet gronnda near Prescott Junction, Ont. ; and Chelsea, Q. (Billings.) Beaver meadow. Partridge Lake, Addington Co. ; also at the entrance to the Murray Canal, near Trenton; abundant up Gull Eiver, Yictoria Co. ; » CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 231 and in a marshy meadow, Point aux Pins, Lake Superior ; Flat Eock Portage, Lake Xipigon. (^Macoun.) Lake Mistassini, X.E.T. (./. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Parry Sound, Geor- gian Bay. {Burgess.) (2888.) C. DiHTANS, Wahl. ; Graj-, Man. Ed. V., 628. Atropii: distanK, Gri.«eb. ; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. IV., 388. A careful examination of all our specimens from both the eat^t or Atlantic coast and the west coast, has satisfied us that this species is not indigenous to Canada. All Ibrins not introduced are placed under the var. airoides oi- G. maritima. On ballast he.aps, Pictou, j!T. S. ; North Sydney, Cape Breton. (^Macoun & Burgess.) Carleton, St. John, KB., 1877. (Fowler.) Var. airoides, Vasej-, Cat Grasses U. S. 87, (1885.) Olyccria airoides, Thurber, Bot. Wilkes Exp. 490. Poa airoiden, Nutt. ; Hook., Fl. II., 245. P. fascictilata, Hook., Fl. II., 24.5. Very abundant in saline marshes throughout the interior west of Winnipeg, at Moose Mountain, Coteau de Missouri, Eed Deer Lakes, and Edmonton ; Castle Mountain, in Eoeky Mountains. Seed evident!}- brought from the prairie. (Macoun.) Fort Carleton. (Hooker, Fl.) (2889.) C. elongata, Trin. ; Hook., Fl. II., 248. Poa elongata, Torr., Fl. I., 112. Bass Eiver, and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Lower Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) St. David, Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Titus- ville, King's Co., X.B. (Brittain.) Pentecost Eivei-, Q. (St. Cyr.) (2890.) C. fluitans, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 248. PcUuca Jlmlan.<, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. 1., 66; Pursb, Fl. I., 84. Very common in ditches and muddy places from the Atlantic to the Pacific. In shallow water, Bass Eiver ; and at St. John, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Common around Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant at Prescott Junction, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in ditches and ponds througout central and western Ontario, and extending to Lake Nipigon and the west side of Thunder Bay, and Kaministiqua Eiver. (Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassis.) Vicinity of Hamilton. (Logic.) London, Toronto, Niagara Falls, Hatchley, and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Port Col borne. Lake Brie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Michipicotin Eiver, Ont.; and Nelson Eiver, Iveewatin. (R. Bell.) Throughout the northern part of the prairie region, and south to the dry, treeless district ; rather common in the 232 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA % Columbia valley and eastern valleys of the Eocky ilountains; in wet places at Golilstream, Somenos, Nanaimo, aud Alberni, Vancouvei- Island. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Islaml. (^Fletdier.) ■Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) <2891.) C. festucseformis, Reichenb. Icon. Fl. Germ, t., 151. Poa feslucxfornus. Host. ; Hook., Fl. IT., 245. Along the coast of Vancouver Islaml, at Oak Bay, near Victoria, 1887. (Macoun.) Sitka. {Hooker, Fl.) (2892.) C. Lemmoni, Vasey. Along the coast of Vancouver Island, at Esquimault, Oak Bay, and Nanaimo. {Macoun.) (2893.) C. maritima, Wahl. ; dray, Man. Ed. V., 628. AlTopis distans, Thurber, Bot Calif. II., 308, in part. All the native forms distinct from G. angustata, are placed here whether collected on the east, north or west coasts. The various forms of this species require careful examination. North Sydney, Cape Breton, and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) Frequent on the sea-coast of Kent Co. ; Salt marshes, Bathurst, and St. John, X.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Coast of Anticosti, at Salt Lake, Ellis Bay, and Strawberry Cove ; salt marsh at Cape Rosier, ami along the .'anaimo, Goldstream, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Cadboro Bay, near A'ictoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Sooke, south-west of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Var. divergens, Thurb.; Vasoy, Cat. Grasses U. S. 90, (1885.) Very abundant on gravelly slopes on the mountains ai'ound Gold- stream, and an dry rocks near Wellington Mine, Depai-ture Bay, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Var. pauciflora, Scribner; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 90, (1885.) Found iu some abundance at Stewart's Lake, northern British Columbia. (Macoun ) (2902.) F. MTCRU.S, Linn. ; Michx., Fl. I., 66 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 8S ; Hook., Fl. II., 249. Introduced on all dry soils in the southei-n part of Vancouver I.sland, chiefly under oaks. Abundant at Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo. (Macottn.) ■ Cadboro Bay, near Vicloiia, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) (2903.) F. nutans, Willd.; Pursh, Fl. I., 84. Halifax, N.S. (Burgess.) Lower Norton, Belleisle, and Bairdsville, N.B. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 235 (Brittain.) Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. ; rather rare. {Bil- lings.) Common in rich, rocky woods and thickets near Belleville ; also Seymour, Northumberland Co. ; and at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie. Millman.) Eich woods at London, Ont. (Burgess) (2904.) F. occidentalis, Hook., Fril., 249. F.paudflora, Thurb. Bot. Calif. 11., 318. Goldstream, and on the slopes of Mount Finlayson, and Mount Pre- vost, Vancouver Island. (Macoim.) (2905.) r. ovina, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 250. Under various forms this species extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Bedford, near Halifax, IST.S. Introduced. (Sommers, Cat.) In tufts on hillside.', Truro, N.S. (Manoun.) Petty Harbor, New- foundland. (R. Bell.) Plains of Abraham, Q. {St Cyr.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Sandy meadows, London, Ont. Port Stanley, Lake Erie ; north shore of Lake Superior, and along Lake Nipigon to Livingstone Point. (Macoun.) Emerson, Man. {Burgess.) Nelson River, Keewatin. {R. Bell.) Frequent on bluffs along the Assiniboine, between Brandon and Fort Ellice; rather common on the lower slopes of the Eoeky Mountains; abundant in northern British Columbia, and through the Peace Rivei- Pass, and northward to Lake Athabasca; rather common on Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) North Point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia ; Sooke, Vancouver Island ; Lake Lindeman, lat. 59°40'; Pclly Banks, and Pelly Eiver, lat. 62°, N.W.T. ; Queen Charlotte Islands. [Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1S27. {Douglas.) Lake Winnipeg to the Saskatche- wan, and Bear Lake ; and Eockj' Mountains. {Hooker, Fl.) Cumber- land Islands, Arctic coast. {Parry.) Var. brevifolia, Watson, Bot. King's Exp. V., 379. F. brevifolia, E. Br. ; Hook., Fl. II., 350. Abundant along the Arctic coast, and on mountain tops. Ford's Harbor, Labrador ; Upper Savage Islands, Nottingham, Mansfield, and Digge's islands, Hudson Strait. {R. Bell.) Fort George, James Bay. (J. M. Macoun.) Cumberland Island, Hudson Bay. {Parry.) Between Fort Churchill, and Eepulse Bay. {Dr. Rae.) Pond's Bay, and Port Kennedy, Baffin's Bay. {Dr. Walker.) On the higher slopes of the Eock}' Mountains, from Canmore westward through the Selkirk Mountains to Eoger's Pass ; summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5,700 236 GEOLOGICAL SURTEY OF CANADA. feet, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) On the Arctic sea-coast and is- lands; and Rocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Eae Elver. Arctic coast- (Dr. Rae.) Var. polyphylla, Tasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 90, (1885.) A fine tall grass growing on Jiillsides at Goldstream and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Tar. vivipara, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 633. Common along the coast of Anticosti, at Jupiter, Eiver. (Macoun.) Severn Eiver, Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Cumberland House, Bear Lake, and Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) (2906.) F. RichardsonI, Hook., Fl. II., 250. Arctic sea-coast. (Hooker, Fl.) Alaska. ( Vasey.) (2907.) F. rubra, Linn. ; Hook., Fl. II., 250. All forms of this species liavo running root-stocks. Cape Forteau, Yarmouth, N.S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton. {Maroun & Burgess.) Eivicre de Brig, Anticosti, and along the (rasp^ coast, near Fox Eivei-. (Macoun.) London, Ont., anil Emerson, Man. (Bitrges's.) Xear Vic- toria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant along the whole coast of Vancouver Island, from Esquimalt to Qualicum. (Macoitn.) Sitka, and Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, and Sitka, Alaska. (Meehan.) (^ueen Charlotte Islands. (Dauson.) Var. villosa, Vasey. (MS.) Fi^stuca rubra, var. I., Hook. Fl. II., 250. North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Apparently not rare in the foot hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Maccnin.) Besides the above variety, we have vare. genuinea, longiseta, and ■planifolia, Vasey, which may be distinct enough to separate them from the species. All are common on the coast of Vancouver Island, near Victoria. (2908.) F. SCabrella, Torr. ; Hook., Fl. II., 252. (Bunch Grass.) F. Macounii. Vasey ; Macoun, Cat. No. 220i. Melica Ilallii, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. VI., 296. Summit of Mount Albert, .'^hickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Q. ; Moose Mountain Creek, and Souris Plain, Assiniboja. (J. M. Macoun.) Abun- dant around Brandon, and west to Moose Mountain and Moose Jaw; com- mon at Calgary, and westward in the foot-hills at Morley; on moun- tains at Speuce's Bridge, B.C. (Macoun.) Middle Fork of Old Man CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 237 Eiver, Eocky Mountain^: ; Frances Lake, hit. Gl°, and Finlayson Lake, lat. 62", X.W.T. (Dawson.) Alpine distric-ts nf the Eocky Mountains. {Hooher, Fl.) On rocky slopes at Lytton, B.C. {Fletcher.) (2909.) F. subulata, Bong. ; Hook., FI. 11., 250. Sitka. {Hooker, Fl.) We know nothing of this .species. It maj^ be included in some other form under another name. Possibly a fcirm of F. ovina. (2910.) F. tenella, WiUd.; Puish., Fl. I., 83. F hromoides, Michx-, Fl. I., 66. Dry hillsides ; not common eastward. Sheldrake Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Border of Oak Hill Pond, J Fastings Co. ; common on Eice Lake Plains, near Castleton, Northumbei'land Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Sandy thickets. Point Pelde, Lake Erie. (Burr/ess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logie.) Port Stanley, Lake Brie ; abundant at Spence's Bridge, and northward through British Columbia ; dry hills around Victoria, Mount Finlayson, and I*ranaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Cad- boro Baj-, Vancouver Island. {Fletcher.) 730. BROMUS, Linn. Gen. 89. (BROME-GRASS) (2911.) B. AleutensiS, Trin. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 92, (1885.) Alaska. ( \'asey.) Ounalashka. {Rothr. Alask.) (2912.) B. breviaristatus, Buckl.,Proced. Philad. Acad. 98, (1862.) Ceratochloa breviarisUila, Hook., Fl. II., 253. "Not uncommon in the Eocky Mountains, and far eastward in the northei-n praii-ie region. Along the Bed Deer Eiver, Porcupine Moun- tain, Man. ; Ecd Deer Lakes, and Cypress Hills, and northward to the Athabasca. {Macoun.) South Kootanie Pass, Eocky Mountains. {Daw- son.) Summit of Skagit Mountain, B. C. (Bowman.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) In woods and thickets, not uncommon, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.)- Near the sources of the Columbia. (Douglas.) (2913.) B. ciliatus, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. L, 85. B. purgans, Linn ; Hook., Fl. II., 262, in part. Common eastward in thickets and damp places. Pictou, N. S. (McKay.) On low damp places at Annapolis and Truro, N.S. (Macoun.) On intervales, Bass Eiver; and Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) 238 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Little Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Say.) Xorth of the Restigouche, at Campbellton, and along the Bay of Chaleur; Salt Lake, Anticosti. {Macoun.) Ste. Anne des Monts Kiver, Gaspe, Q. (Porter.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; Pentecost Eiver, Q. {St. Cyr.) Abundant in sandy places along the Rivifere Rouge, Argenteuil Co.. Q. (Z)' Urban.) Vicin- ity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Bank of the St. Lawrence River, near Prescott, Ont. (Billings.) Very common in wet woods and thickets throughout central Ontario, and north-westerly to Lake Nipiiion and Lake Superior, and south to Pigeon River. (Macoun.) Port Colborne, Lake Erie. (McGill Coll. Herb.) Rocky thicket, King- ston, Ont. (Millman.) Vicinitj- of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) River flats, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Severn River, Keewatin; Willow Point. Lake Winnipeg; and Moose Mountain, Man. (./ M. Macoun.) Oxford House, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) ViL-inity of Winnipeg, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Rock\" Mountains. (Datcson.) Rather common in wet meadows and thickets, from Morley westward to the Columbia Valley, and Sel- kirk Mountains ; common on Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Goose Creek Mountains, Cariboo, B.C. (Bowman.) Sooke, Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Kotze- bue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) Vars. ligulatus & pauciflorus, Vasey. (MS.) These varieties, with some others, are common on many parts of Vancouver Island, but may not be distinct enough to remain separated from the species. (2914.) B. Hookerianus, Thurber, Bot. Wilkes Exp., 493. Ceratochloa grandifiora, Hook., Fl. II., 253. Confined to the Pacific coast. !N'ot uncommon in thickets at Gold- stream, Cadboro Bay, Nanaimo, and Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Var. minor, Scribner; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 92, (1885.) Brumvs virens, Buckl., Proced. Philad. Acad. 98 (1862). Not uncommon on Vancouver Island, at Nanaimo, and Qualicura. (Macoun.) (2915.) B. Kalmii, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 634. B. purgam, Terr., Flora, X. York, II., 463 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 85 ; Hook., Fl. II., 252, in part Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Rocky woodlands west of Biockville. (Billings.) Dry rocky hillsides, Marmora, Hastings Co.; CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 239 Wooler, Northumljerland Co. ; and dry woods, Balsam Eapids, Vic- toria Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Sandy woodlands, London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Very abundant throughout the northern rart of the prairie region, on gravel ridge.s or margins of coulees, Lung Lake, Thunder Creek, and south of Battle- ford. (Macoun.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Botiglas.) (2916.) B. Macounii, Vasey, Bull. Terr. Bot. Club XV., 48. Not uncommon on di-y hills. Cedar Hill, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Canon, Lewes River, hit. (i2', N.W.T. (Dawson.) (2917.) B. MAXIMU.S, DeM'.; Bot. Calif II., 315. Sparingly introduced at Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) (2918.) B. .MOLLIS, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. ]., 85. Introduced and naturalized on both the east and west coasts. Along the sea-shore at Yarmouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Very rare in fields and by roadsides at London, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Abundant in cultivated ground and under oaks throughout the southern part of Vancnuver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher.) (2919.) B. Orcuttianus, N'asoy, Coult. Bot. Gaz. X., 223. Not rare in the oak groves at Cadboro, and Oak bays, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2920.) B. Pumpellianus, Scribner, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XV., 9. Not uncommon in the prairie region on river banks and coule^ mar- gins, from Fort EUice to Calgary, and thence westward in the Eocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley ; northward in British Columbia to Quesnel. (Macoun.) Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2921.) B. RACEMOsus, Linn.; Gray, Man. Ed. V., 634. Introduced and naturalized in the older settlements. Among wheat at Bass River, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Quebec city. (St. Cyr.) Vicinitj^ of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Roadsides and railway tracks at London, and Essex Centre, Ont. (Burgess.) Pitt Eiver, B.C. (Hill.) Abundant in meadows, waste places, and cultivated grounds, Vancou- ver Island. (Macoun. Fletcher. Dawson.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (ProJ. Fowler.) (2922.) B. SECALiNus, Linn. (Chess or Cheat.) Introduced and naturalized in all parts of the country. This species 240 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. is much less common than thirty years ago. Now, the farmers have excellent fanning mills, and wheat is better cleaned, and hence pure seed is sown. At the period sjjoken of many believed that winter- killed wheat changed into chess. Since the seed is cleaner and the land drained, chess has almost disappeared. (2923.) B. SUbulatus, i/edeb.; Vasey, Cat. Grasses, U.S. 93, (1885.) Ounalashka. {Rothr. Alask.) Unknown to us as rvell as the next. (2924.) B. SitchensiS, Bong.; Hook., Fl. II., 253. Sitka. (Hooker, FL Rothr. Alask.) (2925.) B. TECTORCM, Linn. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 93, (1885.) Introduced at Kingston, Ont. (Millman.) (2926.) B. SEGETU-M, Schl. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 93, (1885.) Introduced with seed-grain at Shuswap Lake, B.C. {Prof. Fowler.} 731. LOLIUM, Linn. Gen. 95. (DARNEL.) (2927.) L. PERENNE, Linn. (Hye Grass.) Introduced and cultivated in some localities near Pictou, N. S. (McKay.) Near railway depot, Carleton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Jacques Cartier Eiver, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Neighborhood of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) Meadows at London, and Kingston, Ont. (Burgess. Millman.) Quite common on Vancouver Island, where it produces excellent hay. (Macoun.) A variety with very long glumes has been gathei-ed at London, Ont., by Dr. Burgess. He writes that it is not L. temulentum. (2928.) L. TEMULENTUM, Linn. (Poison Darnel.) Eather rare or seldom detected. Near railway depot, Carleton, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Along a new road at Cameron Lake, in the centre of Vancouver Island. Introduced in horse feed. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 241 732. ACROPYRUM, J. Caertn. (WHEAT-GRASS) (2929.) A. caninum, Eeich. Icon. Fl. Germ. 119. Trilicum caninuvi, Schreb. ; Hook., Fl. II., 254 ; Macoun, Cat. Xo. 2220. Eather rare on gravel banks eastward ; abundant in the northern prairie region. On intervales, Coal Branch, Kent Co., N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Environs of Quebec; rockj' bank of Madeline River, Gaspe, Q. {St. Cyr.) Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.) Banks of the Moira, at Belleville; rocky banks, Shannonville, Hastings Co. ; on the Trent, above Trenton, Ont.; woods, Niagai-a Falls. {Macoun.) Vicinity- of Hamilton, Ont. (Logie.) London, Ont. ; and Saugeen, Lake Huron. {Burgess.) Kaministiqua River, west of Lake Superior ; very abun- dant from Winnipeg westward to Edmonton, on the Saskatchewan; common from Calgary through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley. {Macoun.) Sand Creek, Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains; Nicola, and Kamloops, B.C. {Dawson.) Lake Winnipeg to the Sas- katckewan. {Hooker, Fl.) Emerson, and Biandon, Man , and Shuswap Lake, B.C. {Frof. Fowler.) (2930.) A. dasystachyum, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) TViticum dasystachyum, Gray, Man. Ed. V., 638. T. repetis, var. dasyHachyum, Hook., Fl. II., 254. Sandy shore of Lake Huron, at Saugeen, Ont. {Burgess.) North shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) West coast of Lake Superior ; western Manitoba, Long Lake, Old Wives Lakes, River That Turns, Fort Pitt, and throughout the northern prairie region to Edmonton ; from Calgary westward to Castle Mountain, Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Souris Plain, Man. {J. M. Macoun.) Echmanish River, Keewatin ; and Nelson River, near Tork Factory, Hudson Bay. {B. Bell.) (2931.) A. divergens, Nees. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) Drilicum slrit/osum, Less. ; Macoun, Cat No. 2221. Bunch grass of British Columbia, and the drier parts of the Rocky Mountains. Common on the dry slopes of the mountains along the Bow River, from Morley westward to Banff; on dry slopes of the Thompson and Fraser rivers, B.C. {Macoun.) Abundant on the higher slopes at Lytton, B.C. {Fletcher.) North Point of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. {Dawson.) An awnless variety is fotmd in great profusion on the gravel ridges at the mouth of the Kicking Horse River, Columbia Vallev. 16 242 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. Var. tenue, Vasev, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96. (1885.) Trilicum segHopiodtf. Turcz. ; Gray, Proced. Acad. PhiL, 79 (1363). T. caninum, var. 3., Hook. Fl. II., 255. On dry slopts in Bow Eiver valley, near Old Bow Fort, and west- -ward mixed with the species. {Macoun.) (2932.) A. glaucum, E. >.\: S., var. occidentale, V. .V: S. Triticum repens, Linn., var. glaucum, Vasey. Very abundant in the prairie region, and westward to the Fraser River. Souri.s Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Bank of Souris Eiver, Assiniboia. {Burgess.) Eed River, Man., 1827 {Douglas.) Long Lake, Red Deer Lakes, and south of Battleford ; rather common from Calgary westwaixi on dry benches through the Rocky Mountains to Hector. (Macoun.) Near Wild Horse Creek, Kootanie Valley, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) A form between this species and A. divergens is abundant along the Thompson Eiver, near Lytton, B.C. {Macoun.) Very variable, and extending from the Saskatchewan to the Arctic sea. (Hooker, Fl.) Kotzebue Sound. (Rothr. Alask.) This is one of the finest grasses on the prairie for hay or pasture. It seems to prefer saline and damp soil, and does not grow in bunches but singly. There are numerous forms of this which are generally refei-red to the next, but which I include here. Sir John Eichardson seems to have found the species all the way to the Arctic sea. (2933.) A. REPENS, Beauv. ; Vasey, Cat. Grasses U. S. 96, (1885.) Triticum repen-'', Linn. ; Macoun, Cat No. 2217. "We include all our indigenous forms under A. glaucum, and under this place the notices of the introduced plant, which is a vilts weed in many parts of the old settlements. Eeported from Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario, and even from Vancouver Island, on the Pacific coast. (2934.) A. tenerum, Vasey, Coult. Bot. Gaz. X., 259. Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; and Severn Eiver, Keewatin. {J. M. Macoun.) Speke's Point, Lake Nipigon ; abundant on prairies from Winnipeg westward to the Touchwood Hills, and Edmonton, N. W. T. {Macoun.) Pine Eiver Pass, lat. 55"^, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Brandon, and Emei-son, Man. (Prof. Fowler.) Red River, Man., 1827. {Douglas.) Quite common on dry slopes and in meadows westward from Calgary through the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia Valley; a peculiar form is not uncommon on Vancouver Island, at Goldstream, and Nanaimo. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 243 (2935.) A. violaceum, Lange; Vasey, Cut. Grasses U.S. 97, (188.5.) Triticum riolactitm, Hornem. ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2219. On the summit of Alount Albert, Gaspe, i^. (Porter.) Touchwood Hills, Long Lake, Assiniboia, and westward to Edmonton; rather common in the Bow Eiver valley, from Calgary westward to Kicking Horse Lake, in the Eoeky Mountains. (Macoun.) Lake Lindeman, lat. 59° 40'; Pelly Banks, lat. (52-" ; and Lewes Eiver, lat. 61°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) T^ort Conger, (irinnell Land, lat. 81°, 44'. (Lieut. Greely.} Greenland. (Lange.) 733. SECALE, Linn. (RYE) (2936.) S. SATIVUM, Linn. Cultivated in most parts of the country, and occasionally met with in meadows and wheat fields. 734. TRITICUM, Linn. (WHEAT) (2937.) T. vuLa.\RE, Linn. Many varieties are cultivated. It would be an interesting study if a complete series of these were grown at the Experimental Farm, and specimens of them dried and mounted for future reference. Over two hundred varieties are named and iu collections in Europe. Many of the new varieties lately cultivated are no doubt old forms brought into cultivation. The Wild Goose "Wheat of Edmonton turns out to be Triticum Polanicum or Poland Wheat, and was known over 150 years ago. The legend that this wheat was obtained from the crop of a wild goose may be true, as Linnasus himself believed it to be a native of Central Asia. 735. HORDEUM, Linn. (BARLEY) (2938.J H. jubatum, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 89. (Wild Barley.) On the sea-coast, ami on saline soil in the prairie region. Bedford, N.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Salt marshes at Truro, Annapolis, and Yar- mouth, N.S. (Macoun.) Pictou, and Magdalen Islands, N.S. (McKay.) ^44 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Sandy soil along the Gult shore, X.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti {St. Cyr.) Salt Lake, and English Bay, Antieosti ; marshes along the Gasp^ coast, Q. (J/acoun.) Tadousac, St. Lawrence Eiver. {A. T. Drumnumd.) Yicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Xorth shore of Lake Superior. {Agassiz.) Saul t Ste. Marie. {R. Bell.) Sands ^t the mi)uth of Current Eiver, at the Pic, and at Fort William, Lake Superior; also at Nipigon House, Lake Xipigon. {Macoun.) Lake shore, Port Arthur, Lake Superior ; Emerson, Man. (Burgess.) Eed Eiver, prairie generally, and westward to Turtle Mountain. (Dawson. .Milhnan.) Nelson Eiver, Keewatin. (JB. Bell.) Moose Factoiy, James Bay. (Cottar & Dr. Jffaijden.) Lake Mistassini, N.E.T. ; Charlton Island, and Fort George, James Bay: Severn Eiver, Keewatin; Souris Plain, Man. (./. M. Macoun.) Eed Eiver, Man., 1827. (Douglas.) Common on saline soil around ponds, from Winnipeg westward to the mountains, and northward to Peace Eiver, and Lake Athabasca ; in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains, and westward to Castle Moun- tain ; vicinity of Victoria, and along the coast of Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Milk Eiver Eidge, Alberta; Lewes Eiver, lat. 61°, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Fort Yukon, Yukon Eiver. (Rothr. Alask.) Plains of the Saskatchewan to the Mackenzie Eiver. (Hooker, Fl.) Kamloops, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) (2939.) H. MrRi.NTM, Linn. ; Bot. Calif., II., 225. Introduced in ballast, at Victoria, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2940.) H. pratense, Huds.; Hook., Fl. II., 256. H. nodosum, Linn. ; Bot. Calif. XL, 325. East end of Cypress Hills, Alberta. (Macoun.) Abundant on the coast of Vancouver Island, at Victoria, Cadboro Bay, Nanaimo, Quali- cum, and Alberni. (Macoun.) Esquimalt, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) North end of Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. ; Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) Sitka, and Ounalashka. (Rothr. Alask.) Bartlett Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Sitka. (Barclay.) (2941.) H. pusillum, Xutt., Gen. L, 37. Cadboro and Oak bays, Vancouver Island ; also along the Canada Southern Eailway, at Arahei-stburgh, Ont. Introduced from the west along the railway. (Macoun.) (2942.) H. iL\RiTimji, With.; Hook., English Bot., 505. Inli'oduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 245 736. ELYMUS, Linn. RYE-GRASS.) (2943.) E. arenarius, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 255. .Common on sand beache.s along the coasts of Vancouver Island, both on the east nnd west sides of the island. (Macoun.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Daivson.) Vancouver citj^ Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Prof. Fowler.) Island of Kodiak. (Barclay.) Nortli-west coast to Kotzebue Sound. (Booker, Fl.) Norton Sound to Point Barrow. (Rothr. Alask.) Greenland. (Lange.) Owing to the confusion that scorns to exist between this species and E. mollis, I have placed all the notices of the western form under E. arenaria, and the eastern and interior ones under the E. mollis, it is extremely probable that they arc both foims of one species. (2944.) E. Americanus, Vascy & Scribner. E. Sibiricus, Linn.; Hook., Fl. II., 255 ; Macoun, Cat. No. 2224. All specimens hitherto referred to E. Sibiricus are included by the authors in this species, and the Siberian plant is not considered by them an American form. Maimainse, east coast of Lake Superior; Pine Portage, Nipigon Eiver, Ont. ; Moose Jaw Ci'eek, east end of Cj'press Hills, and north-westward to Peace Eiver, at Dunvegau. (Macoun.) Pine Pass, Eocky Mountains, lat. 55'. (Dawson.) Eather common in the valleys of the Eockj' and Selkirk mountains; very abundant in damp thickets on every part of Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Fraser Valley, near Yale, B.C. (Bowman.) Sitka. (Itothr. Alask.) Emer- son, and Winnipeg, Man. ; also Vancouver city, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Frof. Fowler.) (2945.) E. Canadensis, Linn. ; Pursh, Fl. I., 89. (Wild Eye.) A fine stout grass growing on river banks and drj- hillsides through- out Canada. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Sussex and Petitcodiac; Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Abundant on rocky banks of the Moira and Trent, and their branches in centi'al Ontario. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, and Point aux Pins, Lake Erie. (Burgess.) Elk Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) North shore of Lake Superioi-. (Agassiz.) Coleau de Missouri, and Wood-end, Assiniboia. (Burgess.) Souris Plain, Man. (J. M. Macoun.) Brandon, and near Fort EUice, Man. ; Moose Jaw Creek, Long Lake, and source of Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia, and westward in the northern prairie to the Eocky ,Moun- 246 GEOLOGICAL SITKTEY OP CANADA. tains; on gravelly banks, in the Columbia Valley. (Macoun.) Old Man Eiver, Rocky Mountains ; also Wood-end, and Turtle Mountain, 49lh parallel. (Dawson.^ Eed Eiver. Man., 1827. (Douglas.) Tar. glaucifolius, '^ray. Man. Ed. V., 639. E. glaw'fuliw, WiUd. ; Pursh, f 1. I., 89. Foliage glaucus and awns longer and more spreading than the type. The difference is more marked in living plants. Niagai-a Falls ; on rocky banks. {Burgess.) Sand banks, Prince Edward Co., Ont. {Mill- man.) On rocks, Heely Falls, Xorthumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) Point Edward, River St. Clair, Ont. (J. M. Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fktcher, Fl. Ott.) Sandy shore, Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) (294G.) E. condensatus, Presl, Eel. Haenk. I., 265. In saline marshes and swamps, both east and west of the Eocky Mountains. Eibstone Creek, east of Hand Hills, Alberta; westwai-d fi-om Medicine Hat to Rocky Mountains ; also at Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Kootanie Pa-ss, Eocky Mountains; also Similkameen Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) Ladner's Landing, Lower Fraser, B.C. (Fletcher.) (.2947.) E. dasystachys, Trin.; Tasey.Cat. Grasses U.S. 99, (1885.) Severn Eiver, Xcewatin. (•/. M. Macoun.) Nelson Eivei-, Keewatin. (R. BM.) Noith Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Abundant on hillsides, and in burnt woods from Calgary westwii-d through the Eock}- Mountains to the Columbia Valley; very common in northera British Columbia to McLeod's Lake, lat. 55°. (JJacoun.) Dease Eiver, B.C., lat. 59°. (Dawson.) (2948.) E. Macounii, Vasey, Cat. Grasses U.S. 99, (1885.) Abundant in many parts of the prairie region, extending from Qu'Appelle westward to the Eagle Hills, and southward to the Hand Hills, where it is particularly common, as well as at Morley. A fine grass growing chiefly in bunches. (2949.) E. mollis, Trin.; Hook., Fl. 11., 255. E. arenarius, var. ,i. nllusit-?, E. Meyer, Labrad. 20. Abundant along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Nain, and Ford's Harbor, coast of Labrador ; Cape Prince of Wales, Nottingham Island, and Digge's Island, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell.) Pictou, X.S. (Sommers, Cat.) Cape Forteau, near Yarmouth, and Halifax, N.S. (Alacoun & Burgess.) Sand beaches, Kouchibouguac, and at Eestigouche, N.B. (Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti. (St. Cyr.) Along the St. Law- rence, at Tamiscouata. (Pringle.) North shore of Lake Superior. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 2i*J {Agassiz.) On sand at the mouth of Current Ziiver, and along the north-east coast of Lake Superior; east coast of Lake Niijigon. {Macoun.) Along James Baj-, and north to York Factory, Hudson Bay. {J. M. Macoun.) Between Fort Churchill and Eepulse Bay. {Dr. Rae.) Saskatchewan to Bear Lake, and the Arctic shore:^. {Hooker, Fl.) Greenland, (Lantje.) (2950.) C. Striatus, WiUd. ; I'ursh, Fl. L, 8!i. E. villoms, Mubl. ; Pursli, FI., I., 89 ; Hook., Fl. IL, 256. We have never seen Canadian specimens of this species. Niagara Falls, and London, Ont. (Burgess.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. {Logic.) Canada. {Goldie, in Hooker, Fl.) (2951.) E. Virginicus, Linn.; Michx., Fl. L, (J5 ; Pursh, Fl. I., 81); Hook., PI. IL, 255. Abundant in the alluvium of river flats. Quite common at Whyco- comagli, Cape Breton, and Ti-uro, N S. {Macoun K Burgess.) On intervales at Hampton, and Coal Branch, N.B. {Fowler, Cat.) Ellis Bay, Anticosti ; St. Foye K'oad, Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Kemplville, Ont. (Porter.) Low ground along brooks and large streams throughout central Ontario, west to Owen Sound, and nnrth-westerly to the west side of Lake Superioi-, (Macoun.) Vicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (Logic.) London, Ont. ; in the river flat; Emerson, Man. {Burgees.) Rosseau Ifiver, Man. (Dawson.) Var. /i. SUbmutJCUS, Hook., Fl. IT., 255. Along the Nation Eivei', at Casselman, near Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Cumberland House, on the Saskatchewan ; common east of the Eocky Mountains. (Hooker, Fl.) Not uncommon along the Assini- boine and Qu'Appelle rivei-s, Man. (Macoun.) Easily distinguished from the species by the short awn. (2952.) E. Vancouverensis, Vasey, BuU.Torr.Bot. Club, XV., 48. Abundant, growing in sand close to the sea; on Mr. Fuller's farm, Oak Bay, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. Extensively creej)ing in the sand, by running root-stocks. Collected June 30th, ISST. (Macoun.) (2953.) E. Columbiana, (120.) Abundant, gmwing in tufts on gravel close to the sea, at Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Texada Island, Gulf of Georgia, B.C. (Dawson.) A very interesting grass with the general appearance of A. tenerum. 248 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 737. ASPRELLA, Willd. ^BOTTLF-BRUSH GRASS. ^ (2954.) A. hystrix, Willd. ; Hook., Fl. U., 257. Elynnts hysirij; Linn. ; Torr., FI. I., 138. Gymnoslichitm hyHrijc, Schireb. ; Macoun, Cat No- 2231- On rocliy soil in woods, not common. Eel Eiver, Carleton Co., N.B. (Foivler, Cat.) Between Florenceville, and Andover, N.B. (Brittain.) St. Eemi, Q. {McGiU Coll. Herb.) Eockj woods, near Ottawa. {Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Common near Presoott, Ont. (Billings.) Eoeky woods and thickets around Belleville, Ont.; woods at Owen Sound, Ont. (Macoun.) Yicinity of Hamilton, Ont. (ioaie.) Near Kingston, Ont. (J/iVZman.) Thickets at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Hooker, Fl.) Addendum. (2955.) Carex laeviculmis, Meinch. (ined.) C. ilongata, Hook., Fl. 11., 213. Sitcha. (Bong.) I am informed by Mr. Bennett that Charles F. Meinchausen, Director of the Botanical Museum, St. Petersburgh, has just named the Alaskan C. elongata as above, but the description has not yet been published. GEOLOGICAL AP NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA. ALFEED E. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LL.D., F.E.S., F.G.S., Director. CATALOGUE CANADIAN PLANTS. PART V.-ACKOGENS. JOHN MACOUN, M.A., F.L.S., F.R.S.C., Bolanial anil NlltiralUt lo tin- Geological ami Natural Bialoru SunKl/ of Canada. MONTREAL ; WILLIAM FOSTER BROWN & CO. 1890. PREFACE. PART V. In the Preface to Part IV. it waa stated that Part V. would include the ferns and their allies and also the Musci and Hepaticae. The addendum to the Parts already published had grown so large, however that it was thought better to change our expressed intention, and in the Part now issued — which completes Volume II. — we include an addendum bringing the Parts already ijublishcd up to date. Part VI. will be published during the ensuing year, and it will include the Characese, Musci, and Ilepaticae, about 1000 species in all. Since the publication of Part IV., we have m.-ido collections on Prince Edwai-d Island, and on the mainland of British Columbia, as fai- east as the summit of the Gold Eange ; I)r. G. M. Dawson collected in British Columbia in 1888-9, and Jas. M. Macoun on the Athabasca, Clearwater, and Upper Churchill rivers in 1888, the results of tliese collections have been embodied in this Part. A number of collectors whose names will appear in the addendum have assisted me with notes and specimens, and to them hearty thanks are returned, and it is hoped that they and others will continue the good work. Communi- cation has been kept up with specialists both in Europe and America, and the addendum will show the good results obtained. Dr. Sereno Watson has examined many critical species, and has been of great assistance in many instances. Dr. N. L. Britton, of Columbia College, New York, has critically examined numerous genera, and is at present at work on others. Prof Trelease, Director of the Shaw School of Botany, St. Louis, has examined om- GeraniaceaB and vari- ous difficult genera, and Pi'ofessors Coulter and Eose the whole of our Umbelliferse, adding many new species and changing considerably the IV PREFACE. nomenclature. Mr. M. S. Bebb, of Eockfoi-d, 111., has examined all our Willows and revii^ed the nomenclature, much of that part of the adden- dum referring to the Willows being his work. Messrs. Bennett and Beeby have continued their work, and named our Potamogetons and Spargania. We have been enabled to make the changes in, and additions to, the genus Carex, bj^ the use of Prof Bailey's Memoir, published by the Torrey Botanical Club, i.nd by his examination of our specimens col- lected during the past two years. Prof. F. Lamson Scribner has deter- mined all the grasses collected in British Columbia in 1889, and other critical species. The changes and additions in the order Graraineae, are either his or have been made at his suggestion. Dr. T. J. W. Burgess, our highest authority on Canadian Ferns, has prepared the orders Ophioglossaceae and Filices. . JOHN MACOUN. Ottawa, May, 1880. ACROGENS. CXIX. EQUISKTACE.E. Horse-tail FAsnLT. 737. EQUISETUM, Linn. ^SCOURING RUSH.) (2956.) E. Telmateia, Bhrh. Great Horsetail. E-flumatUi^Uim. Hook. Fl. IL, 269. Along the shores of the Gulf of Georgia oa both sides and commou in many places on Vancouver Island, especially along the Nanaimo Eailway, also on wet banks along the C. 1'. Ry. from the coast east to Yale, B.C. (Macoun.) Shore of Burrard inlet at Vancouver City. (Prof. Fowler.') (2957.) E. arvense, Linn. Common Horsetail. Hook. Fi. II., 26!t; Pursh, Fl. 11., 651. Abundant on wet undrained loamy soil from Newfoundland west- ward in all parts of the country to the west coast of Vancouver Island, and northward to Alaska and the Arctic coast. Var. campestre, Milde. Greenland, Aug., 1888. {Bosenvinje.) Nottingham Island. Hudson Strait, 1886. .{Mackenzie.) Cape Chudleigh, Hudson Strait, Aug., 1884. (-B. Bell). (2958.) E. pratense, Ehrh. E. umbrosum, Willd. ; Hook. Fl. II., 269. Damp thickets and sides of ravines; not rare. Windsor and Musquo- doboit, N.S. (How). Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.) North West 250 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Arm, near Halifax, and North Mountain, near Annapolis, N.S. ; also Point Fame, coast of Gasp^, Q. (Macoun.) Cape Eouge, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Lake Mistassini and Rupert River, N.K.T. (J. J/. Macoun.) Owen Sound and Saugeen, Ont. (Surges':.) Shores of Lake Nepigon and Lake Superior, and westward through the forest country. Rocky Mountains, and British Columbia mountains to the mountains of Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) Carleton House to the Rocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (2959.) E. sylvaticum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. II., 269. In loamy woods and river bottoms ; not rare. Newfoundland. (Mis-'i Brenton, Rev. A. Waghome.) Nain, coast of Labrador. (R. Bell.) Very common throughout New Brunswick. (Fowler's Cat.) Common in Nova Scotia. (Sommer's Cat.) Yarmouth and Trui-o, N.S. ; Anticosti ; and at Tignish, Prince Edward I.-^land. (Macoun). Gomin's woods, near Quebec. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher, Fl. Ott.) Wet places, Lake .Toseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Common in cool woods from Carleton Place, near Ottawa, westward through northern Ontario to Lake Nepigon ; also in the valley of the Columbia at Donald, in the Selkirk Mountains, and at Stewart Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) From the Saskatchewan to Fort Franklin on the Mac- kenzie River. (Book. Fl.) Greenland. (Dr. Walker.) Kotzebue Sound. (Roth. Alask.) (2960.) E. palustre, Linn.; Hook. Fl. IL, 269. In wet ditches and on springy places along rivers ; not rare. Near Bedford, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Knee Lake, Nelson River, and York Factory, Hudson Bay. (R. Bell.) Low ground, Sorel, Q. (Burgess.) Ste. Clotilde, Artha- baska Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) North Hastings, and east side of Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; Red Deer River, 10 miles above Red Deer Lake, Lat. 53°, also in river bottoms westward to Lesser Slave Lake and Peace River; rather common along the Bow River at Kananaskis Station, C.P.Ry., and along Beaver Creek, in the Selkirk Mountains and abundant along Shuswap Lake, especially at Sicamous, B.C. (Macoun.) Lake Hui-on to the shores of the Arctic Sea. (Hook. FT..) Var. polystachyum, Hook. E. limosum mr. ji. Candelabrum, Hook. Fl. II. 269 ? Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg, Aug., 1884. (./. M. Macoun.) Growing in water at Lake Winnipeg. (Hook. Fl.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 251 (2961.) E. littorale, Kuhlewein. Mouth of Lake Champlain, Q. (Pringle.) The specimens referred to this species by ^lilde (Gray Manual, 654) were collected by the author at Belleville, Ont., in the summer of 18(i0, and sent to Sir William Hooker, who referred them to E. limosum var. fluviatile. Since then it has been found to be not uncommon along the boggj' shores of the Baj' of Quinto at Belleville and Little Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nepigon ; also at Agassiz, B.C. {3facoun.) It is doubtless common but has been hitherto confounded with the next. (2962.) E. limosum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. II., 269. . E. uliginosum I'ursli, I'l. II.. 6.")1. Common along the mai-gins of rivers and lakes, and frequently in marshes in all parts of Canada. Antigonish Co., N.S. (McKay.) Kent Co., Tobique Lakes, Nictaw Lake, Carleton Co., and Nipisiquit Lakes, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Becscie River, Anticosti; Cove Head, Pi'ince Edward Island ; also Gasp(5 Basin, Caspd, Q. (Macoun.) St. Sauveur, near Quebec, and at Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Swamps at London, Ont. (Burgess.) Shallow water, Glenelg, N.S. (Faribault.) Ponds of Salmon Eiver, at Truro, N.S. (Campbell.) Common throughout Ontario and westward to the Eocky Mountains, British Columbia and on the west coast of Vancouver Lsland at Barclay Sound, and north to Lat. 55" at McLeod's Lake B.C. (Macoun.) (2963.) E. Isevigatum, A. Braun. JS. hyemak, Hook. Fl. II., 270 in part. Quite common in the prairie region and in the dry district of British Columbia. Dry bank, Kmerson, Man. (Burgess.) Maple Creek, Alberta. (J. M. Macoun.) Boss Hill Creek and South Saskatchewan near Medicine Hat, Alberta; also at Morley and Canmore, Eocky Mountains ; quite common at Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Guichon Creek, B.C. (Dawson.) (2964.) E. robustum, A. Braun. Apparently contined to British Columbia. Wigwam Eiver, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dawson.) Near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Wooded slopes, Gordon Head, Telegraph Bay, Vancouver Island ; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) 252 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (2965.) E. hyemale, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. II., 270 in part. Quite common throughout the northern forests, and westward through the mountains to the Pacific. Bather rare at Bass River ; also at Diummond, Victoria Co., N.B. {Fowler's Cat.) Portage, Kent Co. ; Bairdsville and Simmonds, Carlelon Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Riviere de Brig, and Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti ; Brackley Point, and elsewhere on P. E. I. ; common along the Gasp6 coast, Q. (Macottn.) Lac St. Joseph, Portneuf Co., Q. (St. Cyr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher FL- Oft.) Gravelly banks, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dawson.) (2966.) E. ramosissimum, Desf. We refer to this species forms intermediate between E. hyemale and E. variegatum but which differ from the first in having a short black sheath with soft fragile teeth which are united in groups by thin white membranous margins, and tipped with a long soft point, from the latter by the greater number of ridges, greater size and longer teeth. Speko's Point, Lake Nepigon, Ont. , Shawnagiii Lake, A'^ancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2967.) E. variegatum, Schleicher, Hook. Fl. II., 270. In sand by rivers and lakes ; not rare. Near Andover, N.B. ; rai'e (Brittain.) Riviere de Brig, and Salt Lake, Anticosti, and at Gasp6 Basin, Q. (Macoun.) Border of the Montmorency River at Beau- port, Q. (St. Cyr.) Wet places, Niagara Falls. (Burgess.) Shore of Lake Ontario, at Presqu'Ile Point, near Brighton ; sands. Lake Nepigon ; Red Deer River, Lat. 5.3", Man. ; along the Bow River, in sand and westward through the Rock}^ Mountains to the Columbia at Donald, in sand along Shuswap Lake, and on the Indian Reservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; also along the shores of Home and Cameron lakes, Van- couver Inland. (Macoun.) Elk River, Kootanie Valley ; along the Upper Liard Eiver, N.W.T. (Dawson.) Frequent in Canada and thence to the Saskatchewan and Arctic Sea. (Hoolcer Fl.) Green- land. (Rosenvinge). Bartlctt Bay, Alaska. (Meehan.) (2968.) E. scirpoides, Michs. Fl. II., 28L E. variegatum var. J. Hook. Fl. II., 270. Common on the slopes of cool ravines and in swampy woods north- ward. Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. (E. Bell.) Pietou, N.S. (McKay.) Common about River Charlo and Point Le Nim, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Wet places at Truro, X.S.; Brackley Point and other CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 253 places, Prince EJvvard Island ; Jupiter River, Anticosti, and along the Gaspe coast in woods. (^Macoun.) Beuuport, Quebee Co. ; Eivi^redes Aulnaies and Chambord, Chicoutimi Co., Q. (St. Cijr.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher Ft. Ott.) Low woods, London, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common throughout northern Ontario, and westward through the foi-est to the Eocky Mountains ; Bow River Pass, and westward to Donald in the Columbia valley ; along a ravine at Hastings, Burrard Inlet, B.C. (Macotin.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man River, Rocky Mountains ; Eliguck Lake, 1876, Chilcoten Plains, B.C. (Dawson.) About the Saskatchevk'an. (Hook. Fl.) Note.— The pages of this Catalogue (5 to 39) including the orders Ophioglos- sace;e and Filices have been prepared by T. J. W. Burgess, M.B., F.R.S.C. CXX. 0PHI0GL08SACE.E. Adder-tongue Family. 738. OPHIOCLOSSUM, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1171. 'ADDER-TONGUE.) (2909.) O. vulgatum, Linn., Sp.Pl., 1518. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., II., 275. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., II., 675. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 293. (roode. Can. Nat., ix., 301. Macoun & Buigess, Trans. Roy, Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 173. Usually found in the grass of low meadows, and, though rather rare, has a wide range, extending from Nova Scotia westward to Manitoba. In the sand at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island. (Macoun.) In fields near Truro, N.S. [Campbell.) TruomanviUe, N.S. (A. J. True- man.) Hopewell and Cape Enrage, N.B. (•/. Brittain.) Hemmingford, Que. (Goode.) Beech wood, near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletclier.) Ferry Point, Belleville, Ont. ; beavor meadow between Hooper's Lake and the Hastings Road, Tudor Tp., Hastings Co., Ont. ; grassy places along the Trent, McCann's Island, Seymour Tp., Northumberland. Ont.; St. Thomas, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Valley of the Humber, Toronto, Ont. (Burgess.) Low meadow. Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. (J. Bowman.) Mouth of Rainy River, Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) 739. BOTRYCHIUM, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., U800,) ii., MO. GRAPE-FERN J (2970.) B. Lunaria, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., ii., 110. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am.. II., 265. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 293. Watt, Can. 254 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun iV Burgess, Ti-ans. Eoy. Sec. Can., ii., sect, iv., 174. Yeiy variable both in shape and habitat and ranging from Quebec to British Columbia and high northward. Island of Orleans, Que. {J. F. Whiteaves.) Eivi^re du Loup (en-has), Que. (McCord.) Island of Anticosti. {St. Cyr.') Exposed cliffs near Cape Eosier, Gasp^, Que. ; Nepigon Baj-, in meadows at Cape Alexander, twelve miles up the Nepigon Eiver, at various points on Lake Nepigon, and at the Pic Eivei-, Lake Superior, Ont. ; abundant on the prairie close to the sand hills at Flat Creek, Manitoba; on mountain slopes. Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains ; boggy meadow near Fort McLeod, B.C. (Macoun.) Middle Branch of North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Baicson.) Near head of Dead Man River. B.C. (J. Jil. Macoun.) Carlton House, on the Sas- katchewan, N.W.T. (Richardson.) Wet prairies in the Eocky Moun- tains (Drummond.) Echimamish Eiver to Ivnee Lake, and Churchill Eiver near Hudson Baj*. Keewatin. (B. Bell.) Open spaces in damp, grassy thickets at the Hudson Bay Co.'s post on Lake Mistassini, and in a similar locality near the Oatmeal Falls on Eupert Eiver, N. E. Ter. ; in hard sand between the sand dunes on all the islands in James' Bay, and on Severn Eivei', Keewatin. (J. M. Macoun.) Eegina, Assa. (iV. If. Cowdry.) (2971.) B. matricariaefolium, A. Brauu, in Doell., Ehein. Fl., 24 (1843). Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Bui-gess, Tians. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. sect. iv.. 175. In Canada, so fiir as known, limited to the westward by Lake Superior, but has been found sparingly in IJnalashka. At Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Dry grass lands, Cape Blomidon, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) Truemanville. N.S. (H. Trueman.) Petitcodiac and Titns- ville, N.B. (Britiain.) Damp hillsides, under bushes, Dalhousie, N.B. ; King's Mountain, Chelsea, Que. ; Casselman, Ont. (Fletcher.) Black Eiver, P.E.T. ; gravelly places on sea cliffs. Cape Eosier. Gasp^, Que. > woods near Belleville, Ont. ; pine woods five miles north of Campbell- ford, Northumberland Co., Ont. ; below the railway bridge, Nepigon Eiver. and on islands in Lake Nepigon, Ont.; thickets at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) (2972.) B. lanceolatum, Angstra?m, Botan. Notiser (1854) 68. Goode. Can. Nat., ix., 300. Macoun & Burgess, Tran.*;. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 176. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 255 Very local in its distribution on shaded, mossy banks of streams, in rich woods, and low pastures. Fields and rich damp woods, Trueman- ville, N.S. {H. Trueman.) Shady places in rich soil, Fredericton and Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler.) Kennebeccasis, X.B. (Bay.) Magog, Que. (Goods.) Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) (2973.) B. simplex, Hitchcock, Sillim. Am. Journ. of Sci. and Arts, vi. (1823) p. 103. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Watt, Can. Nat.j iv., 3G4. ilacoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 177. B. Virginicum, var. (?) simplex, Gray, Man., ed. 2, 602. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 292. Occurs in meadows, damp rich woods, and on hillsides. Windsor, X.S. (How.) Truemanville, N.S. (Trueman.) Petitcodiac and Fie- dericton, N.B. (Bailey.) Dalhousie, N.B. (Fletcher.) Prince Edward Island. (F. Bain.) Near the sea shore, Temiscouata, Que. (Thomas.) Quebec, Que. (Brunei.) Montreal, Que. (McCord.) A small island at the east end of St. Joseph's Island, Georgian Bay, Ont. (J. Bel/.) Common in meadows along the Kaministiquia River above Fort William, Lake Superior, Ont. ; grassy slope below the peak of Castle Mountain, near Silver City, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Between Cumberland House and Hudson Bay, N. W. Ter. (Drummond.) (2974.) B. ternatum, Swartz, Schrad. Joui-n., ii., IH., Watt, as var. Americanum, Can. Nat., iv., 3(J4. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 177. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 9. Bolrypxut lunarioides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., II., 274. Bolrycliium lunarioides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 172. Gray, Man., 672. Pro- vancher, Fl., Can., 722. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 292. Botrychium fumarioides, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 63. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., II., 655. Botrychium ternatum. Swartz, var. lunarioides, Milde, Bot. Monog., 108. Macoun's Cat., No. 2340, var. i. The type, which has been matle to include var. lunarioides, var. rutcefolium, var. australe, and sub-var. intermedium, has a very wide range, extending quite across the continent and far northward. Cape Porcujnne ; Boylston, Guysborough Co. ; Rawdon, Hants Co. ; and other places in Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Bedford and Windsor, N.S. ; Rapide de Femme, about six miles below Grand Falls, N.B. (.Jack.) Rather common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Prince Edward Island. (F. Bain.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Three Rivers, Que. (Maclagan.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) St. Joachim, Que. 256 GEOLOGICAL srRVET OP CANADA. (Provancher.) Wajste places near Prescott Junction. Ont. (Billings.) Hamilton, Ont. (Buchan.) London, Ont. (Saunders.) Toronto, Blen- heim, and Leamington, Ont. (Burgess.) Ottawa, Ont. ; New West- minster and Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (J. E. Wetmore.) In fields and by roadsides, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; along the north shore of Lake Superior, at Nepigon River, Red Rock, Fort William, kc; frequent on the western prairies, especially toward the Saskatchewan; Peace Eiver Pass, Rocky Moun- tains ; rare on the snow slides near the summit of the Selkirk Moun- tains, B.C., on the line of the C. P. Ry. : also in thickets at Agassiz, B.C., and summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. (Alacoun). Mouth of Rainy River, Lake of the Woods, Ont. (JDaicson.) Oatmeal Palls. Rupert River, K E. Ter. ; Fort George, Hudson B.iy. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. obliquum, Milde, Bot. Monog.. lOit. Macoun iV' Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 178. B. oUiquum, Mnhl. in Willd., Sp. PI., v., 63. I'ursli, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 655. Hook., Fl. ]!or.-Am., ii., 265. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 292. Is much less frequently seen than the type. New Germany and Oaklands Lake, Mahone Bay, N.S. (Ball.) Dry, rich woods near the hop-yard, Belleville, Ont., and in sandy soil on Rice Lake Plains, Ont. (Alacoun.) Sand}- woodland, Niagara Falls, Ont. (Burgess.) London, Ont. (Saunders.) About Hudson Bay, York Factoiy, and on the " Height of Land,' in the Rocky Mountains. (Drummond.) Var. dissectum, Milde, Bot. Monog., 110. Macoun A: Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 178. B. dissectum, Spreng., Anleitg., 172 (1804.) Mulil. in Willd., Sp. PL, v., 64. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 656. Only recorded from Mount Uniacke and New Germany, N.S. ( Ball.) ; Halifax, N.S. (Jack); and woods near the Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, Ont. (Macoun.) (2075.) B. Virginianum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 111. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., US. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Bui-gess, Tians. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 179. Botrypus Virginiciis, Michs., Fl. Bor-.4.m., ii., 274 (1803.) Botrychium rirffinicum, Willd., Sp. PL, v., 64 (1810). Graj", Man., 671. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 656. Provancher, Fl. Can., 721. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 292. CATALOGUE CF CANADIAN PLANTS. 257 A very abundant species, ranging from the Maritime Provinces to British Columbiii, and northward to near the Arctic Circle. Pictou, N.S. (McKay.) Port Mulgrave, N.S. (Ball) Cape Blomidon, N.S. (^Lauson.) North Mountain, Annapolis N.S., and Whycocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoim k Burgtss.) Truemanville, N.S. (H. True- man.) Rather common in New Brunswick. (Foicler.) Ste. Anne Eiver, Gasp^, Que. (Porter.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Rocky woods, Jupiter River, Anticosti, Que. ; north shore of Lake Superior at Red Rock, Nepigon. Thunder Bay, and up the Kaministiquia River, Ont. ; Foi-t McLeod, Lat. 55", and lower valley of Eraser Eiver, B.C.; rather rare on grassy slopes and in open woods, from Laggan in the Rocky Mountains, Alta., to Donald in the Columbia \'alley, B.C., along the line of the C. P. Ry. ; Goldstream, Vancouver Island, and at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) Very abundant in open, boggy wootls, and in burnt woods of any kind, all around Lake Mistassini, N. E. Tcr. (J. M. Macoun.) Lower slopes of South Koot- anie Pass, Rocky Mountains, Lat. 49°. (Dawson.) Oxford House, Keewatin. (McTavish.) Common in rich woods about Victoria, and in other parts of Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.) One of the com- monest ferns in western Quebec and south-western Ontario. (Macoun, Burgess, Fletcher, &c.) Banff. Rocky Mountain Park. (J. Smith.) CXXI. PILICES. Fern Fa.milv. 740. POLYPODiUM, Linn., Cen. PI. No. 1179. (POLYPODY.) (2976.) P. vulgare, Linn., Sp. PL, 1544. Michx., Fl.Bor.-Am., ii., 271. Pursh, Fl. Ai 1. Sept., ii., 658. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 268. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 180. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv.. Sect, iv., 10. P. vulgare, Linn., var. Amerkanum, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 258. P. Virginianum, Linn., Sp. I'l., lo45. l^ursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 658. A rather variable species as i-egards the shajje and degree of division of the fi'ond and of its pinnffi. Commonly found on rocks exposed or shaded, but sometimes on dry banks or old logs, and occasionally on growing trees, in dense woods. It i-anges from the Atlantic to the Pacific, extending northward to Nelson and Slave rivers, and pro- bably to the Arctic Circle. Of very general distribution through- 258 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. out Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Common near St. John, but rare in the northern counties of New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Grand Falls and Woodstock, N.B. {Jack.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, D' Urban, McCord, J. Bell, St. Cyr, &c.) Abundant in most parts of Ontario. (MacauH, Lnioson. Billings, Logie, Burgess, Ami, &c.) Plentiful in rocky parts of Manitoba. {Maconn, Dawson, Burgess.) Nelson Eiver, Hudson Bay. (Bell.) Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) The form known as var. occidentals is very abundant and is the common one in British Columbia, but the normal type also occurs. (^Macoun, Fletcher, Anderson.) The var. Cambricum was iound on i-ocks at Port Simpson B.C. (Anderson.) (2977.) P. falcatum, Kellogg, Proc. Cal. Acad., i., 20. (1854.) Macoun I'v: Buigess, Trans Eoy. Sec. Can., ii., Sec. iv., 181. P. glycyrrhiza, Eaton, Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts (July 1856), 138. Confined to British Columbia, where it is found in the crevices of rocks and on trees. Abundant on rocks along the coast between Victoria and Esquimault Harbour, also at Goldstream, Vancouver Island; frequent in the hollows of living trees in the valley of the Fraser Eiver, especiallj- at Hastings and the mouth of Harrison Eiver. (Macoun.) On rocks at Victoria. (Anderson.) (2978.) P. Scouleri, Hook. & Grev., Ic. Fil., t. Ivi. Hook. & Baker, .S^-n. Fil., 342. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 181. P. carnosum, Kellogg, Proc. Cal. Acad., ii., 88. Eestricted to British Columbia and found usuallj' on rocks exposed to the spray of the sea. Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island. (Anderson.) On exposed rocks, on small islands in Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) Near Cape Scott, and around the northern and north-western coast of Vancouver Island. (Dawson.) 741. CYMNOCRAMME, Desv., Berl. Magaz., V. 305. (GOLD-FERN.) (2979.) C. triansfularis, Kaulf., Enum. Fil., 73. Hook., Fl., Bor.- Am. ii., 259. Hook. A: Baker, Syn. Fil., 384. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoj-. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 182. Found only in British Columbia, and rai-e even there. Crevices of CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANT8. 259 rocks on tlie grassy slopes of Cedar Hill and Gordon Head, a few miles from Victoria, and at Goldstream and Deijarture Bay, near Xanaimo. {Macoun.) Meant Finlayson, Vancouver Island. {Hill.') Common about Victoria on bare bills under tbe shadj- sides of rocks. {Anderson.) 742. CHEILANTHES, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 126. LIP-FERN.) (2980.) C. gracillima, 1>. C. Eaton, Bot. Mex. Bound., 234. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.. 139. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., Sect, iv., 182. . C. yettila, Brackenridge, Fil. of U. S. Expl. Exped., 91. A Britisb Columbian species growing in dense beds on rocks. Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island. (Fletchr. Macoun.) Fissures of dry rocks on Mount Finlayson at the bead of, and on other hills on the east side of, Saanich Arm, near Victoria, V.I. ; Harrison Lake. {Anderson.) Crevices of dry and exposed rocks a few miles above Spence's Bridge on the Thompson Eiver. {Macoun.) At Tend d'Oreille Eiver. {Lyall.) (2981.) C. lanuginosa, Nutt., MS. in herb. Hook. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 13'J. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect. iv., 183. C vesiita. Hook., Sp. Fil., excl. syn., 1. 108, B. Not of Swartz, and Willd. ; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Found growing in matted masses, on expo.sed rocks, and limited in range to British Columbia antl the eastern base of the Eocky Moun- tains. Abundant on ledges of rock, between Morley and Old Bow Fort, on the right bank of the Bow Eiver, Alberta; crevices of rocks near Limestone Point on the Nortii Thompson Eiver, B.C. {Macoun.) Eattlesnake Blutf, Black Canyon, above Ashcroft, B.C. {Hill.) Alpine woods, Eocky Mountains. {Drummond.) New Caledonia, Northern British Columbia, and north-west coast. {Douglas.) Banff, Rocky Mountain Park. {J. Smith.) 743. PELL/EA, Link, Fil. Hort. Berol., 59. CLIFF-BRAKE.) (2982.) P. gracilis. Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 138. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 145. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Bm-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 183. 260 GEOLOGICAL SUEVET OP CANADA. Pleris gracilis, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 99. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 66S. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. AUoforus gracilis, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 1.53. Gray, Man., Ed. 2, 591. AVoforw> Stdleri, Ruprecht, Distr. Crypt- Vase, in Imp. Ross., 47. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 272. Pellsea Sulleri, Beddome, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 235. Occurs in the crevices of rocks from Labrador to British Columbia, but is by no means a common species. Morris Rock, Eestigouche. and Grand Falls, St. John, Jf.B. (Fowler.) Madawaska, X.B. (Hay.) Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Mingan Islands, Que. (St. Cyr.) On crystal- line limestone, near the Lake of Three Mountains, River Rouge, Que. {D'Vrhan.) Cacouna, Que. (J. W.Dawson.) Riviere du Loup, Que. (Tlwmas.) Cievices of limestone rocks near Hemlock Lake, Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Lakeficld. Ont. (Mrs. Traill.) On Guelph dolo- mites, Little Saugeen River, Durham, Grej- Co., Out. (H. M. Ami.) Crevices of wet rocks at the mouth of the Tcmiscami River, about twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. ; summit of Mount Queest. Gold Range, B.C., altitude T,000 feet. (J. M. Macoun.) Crevices of rocks near L'Anse a Fallon, Cape Rosier, Ste. Anne des Monts River, Gasp^, and Gunn River, Anticosti, Que. ; lime- stone rocks along the River Moira near Belleville, Foster's Flats below the Whirlpool, Xiagara Falls, rocks at Owen Sound, along the Kaminis" tiquia River at and below the Kakabeka Falls, under the clitfs at Red Rock and Xepigon stations on the C. p. Ry., crevices of the Huronian slates seventeen miles from Michipicotin on the Magpie River, Ont. ; Peace River Pass, Rocky Mountains, N. W. Ter. ; crevices of rocks in rear of the C. P. Ry. water-tank at Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains, and at Mount Stephen, B.C. (Macoun.) Rocky hillsides, not common, Kootanie District, B.C. (Anderson.) Canada. (Goldie), to the Saskatchewan. (Drummond), in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. (2983.) P. atropurpurea, Link. Fil. Hort. Berol.. 59. Lawson, Can. Xat., i., 272. Walt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 184. Pteris atropurpurea, Linn., Sp. PL, 1534 Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 668. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. A widely distributed but very local fern, ranging from Ontario west- ward to British Columbia and northward to Great Bear Lake. Hamil- ton, Ont. (Loyie.) Xot rare in the crevices of limestone clilfs in the Dundas Ravine, Dundas, Ont. (Burgess.) Limestone rocks, Flora, Ont. (McPherson.) Crevices of rocks at the Whirlpool and Foster's Flats, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; corpmoii at various places on rocks CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 26] around Owen Sound and Colpoy's Bay, Ont. ; rare in crevices of lime- stone rocks on the mountains near Kananaskis Station, Rocky Moun- tains, on the C. P. Ry., and on limestone cliffs. Clearwater River, north of Methy Portage, Lat. 57", K W. Ter. ; canyon, near Buffalo Head Mountain, Rocky Mountains ; crevices of dry rocks between Spence's Bridge and Cache Creek, B.C. (Macoun.) Hillsides on broken rocks, not common, Kootanie District, B.C. (Anderson.) Canada to Bear Lake and the Rocky Mountains. (Richardson, Drummond.) Moun- tains between Nicola and Kamloops, B.C. (Baivson.) Banff, Rocky Mountain Park. (/. Smith.) (2984.) P. densa, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 150. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 14'.l. Macoun & Bui-goss, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect. iv., 185. A rock species, confined so far as known to the provinces of Quebec and British Columbia, where it is rare. Found by Prof. Allen on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe, Que., in 1881, growing exposed to the sun on the steep walls of I'avines, at 2000 to ,3000 feet elevation. (Eaton.) Abundant on cliff's along the Fraser River above Yale and within the Cascade Mountains, notably at Chinaman's Bluff; on rocks, Sicamous, Shuswap Lake ; and summit of Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Mount Finlayson, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson.) 744. CRYPTOCRAMME, R. Br., APP. Frank. Narr. (ROCK-BRAKE.) (2985.) C. acrostichoides, R. Br., appendix to Franklin's First Journej', 7ti7. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 273. "Watt, Can. Jfat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 185. C. crispa, forma Americana, Hook., Sp. Fil., ii., 130. Allosorus acro.Hichoides, Spreng., Syst., 66. Gray, Jian., fifiO C. ci-ispa, var. acrosliclioides, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 236. Is found, forming dense tufts, among rocks and in their crevices, from Lake Huron westward to Biitish Columbia, and stretching northward to within the Arctic Circle. McLeod's Harbor, Manitoulin Island, Ont. (J. P.ell.) Cumberland House to Great Bear Lake, N. W. Ter. (Hichardson.) Between Echimamish River and Oxford House, and around Ci'oss Lake and on Nelson River near Hudson Bay, Keewatin. (R. Bell.) Common from Lake Winnipeg to the " Height of Land," 262 GEOLOGICAL SDRVET OF CANADA. towards the east, N. W. Ter. (.7. M. Macoun.) Eocks along the Arctic coast from Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Hooker.) Stony places in the Eocky Mountains, but rare, to the sources of the Columbia Biver, B.C. (^Druminond). thence to the Grand Rapids of the Columbia. {Douglas.) Kicking Horse Pass. Eocky Mountains, Selkirk Mountains, common in the Cascade and Gold ranges, along the Frasei' River at Agassiz, and common on Vancouver Island, B.C. (Macoun.) Wigwam River, Koo- tanie Valle}-, Rocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Yale, B.C. (Fletcher.) Common at Victoria, B.C., among rocks on bare hills. (Anderson.) 745. PTERIS, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1174., (BRAKE OR BRACKEN.) (2986.) P. aquilina, Linn., Sp. PI., 1533. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Hook., Fl. Boi-.-Am., ii., 263. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 270. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. ^Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roj-. Soc. Can., ii., sect^ iv., 186. Alloforus aquUimm, Preal, Tent Pterid., 153. Is common, growing usually on sand or sandy loam, from the At- lantic to the Pacific. Very common in Xova Scotia. (McKay.) Growing everywhere in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Jupiter River, Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Common everywhere in Quebec. (McCord, St. Cyr.) Common at Lake Mis- tassini, and down the Rupert River to James Bay, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Ontario and in parts of Manitoba. (Macoun, Burgess, &c.) Saskatchewan plains, N. W. Ter., and Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Var. lanuginosa, Bong. ; Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. P. lanuginosa, Bory, in Willd., Sp. PI., v., i03. The common form on Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia, where it is known to extend eastward at least as far as the Columbia Eiver at Donald. (Fletcher, Macoun.) It is charactei-ized by the silky-pubescent under surface of the fronds. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 263 746. ADIANTUM, Linn., Cen. PI., No. II80. (MAIDENHAIR.) (2987.) A. pedatum, Linn., Sp. PL, 1557. Swartz, Sjn. Fil., 121. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 2(;3. Pureli, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl. Can., 714. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 270. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 187. A. boreale, PresI, Tent. Pterid., 1.58. Is usually found in rich, damp woods, and outside of Ontario is very local in its distribution. Newport, Hants Co., N.S. (Ball.) Arclii- bald's Mill, Upper Musquodoboit, Ualifax Co., N.S. (Jack.) Upper Restigouche and Upper St. John; Keswick Ridge, York Co., N.B. (^Fouler.) Andover, Victoria Co., N.B. (Say.) Moose Mountain, Carleton Co., N.B. (Bailey.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) St. Joachim and Isle St. Paul, Montreal, Que. (Provancher.) Levie; Cap Rouge; and Ste. Rose, Laval Co.. Que. (St. Cyr.) River Rouge, Quo. (D' Urban.) Very common throughout Ontario. (Lawson, Macoun, Burgess, &c.) On the plateau of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspe, Que. ; Vancouver Island, Yale, and other places in British Columbia. (Macoun.) Plentiful about Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher, Ander- son.) Kootanie Lake, B.C. (J. Anderson.) Queen Charlotte Islands, B.C. (Dawson.) Var. rangiferinum, Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv.. Sect, iv., 11. A form with longer stalked pinnules, cleft, on the upper side, into narrow, toothed lobes. At present known only in one locality, viz., shaded rocks overhanging the water, Coldstream, at the base of Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, B.C. (Anderson.) Will probably be found to occur elsewhere on Vancouver Island. 747. LOMARIA, Willd, (DEER-FERN.) (2988.) L. spicant, Desv., Mag. d. Gesellsch. Naturforsch. Freunde zu Berlin, v., 325. Hook. & Bakei', Syn. Fil., 178. Macoun k Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 188. Burgess, Trans- Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. Blechnum lioreak, Swartz, Schrad. .Tourn., ii., 75. Syn. Fil., 115 Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 669. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Is confined to the coast of British Columbia west of the Coast Range, 264 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. where, however, it is abundant in rich, cool woods. Nootka, Vancouver Island. (Mertens.) Common near Victoria and along the coast of the mainland. (^Anderson.) New Westminster. (Fletcher.) Drew's Harbor and Queen Charlotte Islands. {Dawson.} Observatory Inlet. (Scouler.) Pitt Eiver. (Hill.) Vancouver City. (Fowler.) Very abundant in damp woods in many parts of Vancouver Island, and in the thick woods in the Fraser Valley near the coast. {Macoun.) 748. WOODWARDIA, Smith, Acta. Taur., V., 411. (CHAIN-FERN.) (2989.) W. Virginica, Smith, M^m. Acad. Turin, v., 412. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 117. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 670. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 278. Macoun k Burgess, Trans, Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 189. ir. Banisteriana, Jlichx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 117. W. thdypterioidcf, Pursli, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 670. Is rather rare in swamps east of Lake Huron. North- West Arm and Dartmouth, Halifax, N.S. (Ball.) Roadside between Caledonia and Liverpool, Queen's Co., and between Liverpool and Jordan Eiver, Shelbourne Co., N.S. (Jack.) Near Gaspe Basin, Que. (Eden.) Near Heck's Mills, ten miles from Prescott, Augusta Township, Ont. (Billincjs.) Peat swamps of the Mer Bleu, near Ottawa. Ont. (Fletcher.) Along the Canada Atlantic Eailway, near Eastman's Springs, Eussell Co., very abundant live miles north of Colborne Village, and common in marshes at west end of Gull Lake, Addington Co., Ont. (3Iacoun.) Near Millgrove, \\'entworth Co., Ont. (Logic.) Mossy bog sun-ound- ing a lake on Lake Island, Lake .Joseph, Muskoka, Ont. (Btirgess.) Swampj' ground on the shore of Georgian Bay, twent}--five miles north of Penetanguishene, Ont. (Ale.vandcr.) 749. ASPLENIUM, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1178. >SPLEENWORT., (2990.) A. viride, Hudson, Fl. Anglica, ed.i.,385. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 80. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Law.son, Can. Nat., i., 275. Goode, Can. Nat., ix, 300. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 190. A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PI , 1540. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 265 Found in the crevices of shaded rocks, from New Brunswick to British Columbia, but rare. Tattagouche Falls, Gloucester Co., and Green Head, St. .Tohn Co., N.B. {Fowler.) Becoming common about St. John, N.B., in moist shady clefts of limestone i-ocks. {Say.) Near Tadou.sac, and at the Falls of RiviiTC du Loup, Que. {Watt.) Clefts of shaded rocks at the mouth of Temiscami River, twenty-five miles from the east end of Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. {J. M. Macoun.) In a deep gorge on the road fi-om Gasp(S Basin to Fox River, and near Grand Etang, on sea cliffs at Mount Louis and at the Falls of Ste. Anne des Monts Rivei', and base of Mount Albert, Que. ; between Owen Sound and Sydenham Fall.s, Ont., and also on both sides of the falls; abundant on debris under limestone cliffs within the Bow River Pass, and on a limestone mountain in Peace River Pass, Rocky Mountains. {Macoun.) Amongst broken rocks at Port Simpson, B.C. {Anderson.) Moist shady rocks, Rocky Mountains. {Drummond.) (2991.) A. Trichomanes, Linn., Sp. PI., 1540 (in part). Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 80. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 274. Provancher, Fl. Can., T15. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 3t)3. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii.. Sect, iv., 191. A. melanocaidon, Willd.. Enum., 1072: Sp. Vl, v., 332. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 6G(). Of pretty general distribution, in the crevices of moist shaded rocks, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Hartley Falls, Pirate Harboi-, Strait of Canso, and on Gold River near Chester, Lunenburg, N.8. {Ball.) The "Lookout," Cape Blomidon, N.S. {Laicson.) Near Three-Mile House, Halifax, N.S. {Sommers.) Montreal, Que. {Maclagan, St. Cyr.) Chatham Township, Argenteuil Co., Que. (McCord.) Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Clefts of rocks, .Tones' Falls, Leeds Co., and Kingston Mills, Frontenac Co., Ont. (P.G. Scott.) On Guelph dolomites. Little Saugeen River, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. {H. M. Ami.) LakeMedad, Halton Co., Ont. {Logie.) Rocks, just below the falls and near the Whirlpool, Niagara Falls, Ont. {Burgess.) East coast of Hudson Bay. ( R. Bell.) Jupiter River, Island of Anticosti ; on Mount Louis, and up the Ste. Anne des Monts River, Gaspd, Que. ; Shannonville, near Belleville, Ont. ; Red Rock, Lake Superior, and westward to the Lake of the "Woods ; Clearwater River, near Methy Portage, Lat. 57°, N. W. Tor. ; along Peace River, within the Rocky Mountains, and in Bow River Pass, Rocky Mountains ; crevices of rocks at Sicamous and Agassiz, B.C. ; at Departure Bay, and on Mount Benson, Nanaimo, Vancouver 18 266 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Island. (Macoun.) Great Shuswap Lake and Cascade Mountains, near Yale. B.C. {Dawson.) Harrison Lake, Kootanie Distiict, and on Mount Isonhailim, near the mouth of the Cowichan Eiver, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Anderson..) Canada to the Saskatchewan. (Richardson.) (2992.) A. ebeneum, Ait., Hort. Kew., ed. i., iii., 462. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 263. Swartz, Syn. Fil.,79. Provancher. Fl. Can., 716. Lawson, Can. Nat., i.. 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. A. trichomanoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265- A platyneuron, Oakes in Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 237. Very rare, and chieflj- confined to the Province of Ontario. Vandreuil, Que., near the border of Ontario. (St. Cyr.) Eocky woods, Brockville, Ont. (Billings.) In a thin laj-er of mould covering the rocks at Jones' Falls, Leeds Co., Ont. (P. G. Scott.) Crevices of Laurentian rocks a little to the north of Shannonville Station on the Grand Trunk Rail- way, nine miles east of Belleville, and Gib.son Mountain, a mass of metamorphic rock, Prince Edward Co., foui- miles south of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Point Abino, Lake Erie, Ont. (Day.) (2993.) A. angustifolium, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 76. Pui-sh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 666. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 275. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 192. Is limited in its distribution to Quebec and Ontario, where it is found in low, rich woods. Nun's Island, Montreal, Que. (Parsons.) Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Cyr.) Open woods, " The Mountain," Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Abundant in McKay's Woods, Ottawa; frequent in rich woods. Prince Edwai-d Co., and in rich soil in low woods along Cold Creek, Brighton, Northumberland Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Low woods up the Don Valley, Toronto; cedar swamps and low rich woods, London, and low woods, Lucknow, Bruce Co., Ont. (Burgess.) Eich woods, Amherstburg, Ont. (Maclagan.) (2994.) A. thelypteroides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 82. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 667. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 226. Provancher, Fl. Can., 716. Lawson, Can, Nat., i., 276. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 193. A. acrosHchoides, Swartz, Schrad. .Journ., ii., 54. Athyrium thelypteroides, Desv., Prodr., 266. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 238. Eather scarce in the Maritime Provinces, but common in most sec- tions of Ontario and "Western Quebec. Occui-s in rich woods, and is CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 267 not known to range west of Lake Superior. Windsor, N.S. (How.) Halifax, N.S. (Lindsay.) Mount Dalhousie, N.S. (McKay.) Strait of Canso ; Boylston, Guysborough Co. ; and Eawdon, Hants Co. ; N.S. (Ball.) Eavine at Whyoocogmah, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Wentworth Station, Cumberland Co., and North Moun- tains, King's Co., N.S. ; near Grand Falls and at Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler.) Fredericton, N.B. ( V)-oom.) Salmon Eiver, Victoria Co.. N.B. (Hay.) Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Isle of Orleans and Ste. Eose. Laval Co., Que. (St. Oyr.) Montreal, Lenno.xville, and in Argenteuil Co., Que. (McCord.) Eichmond and Drummond Co's, Que. (Bothwill.) Vevy common in South-western Ontario. (Macoun, Logie, Burgess, &c.) Along the Canadian Pacific Eailway, north of Lakes Huron and Superior, Ont. (Fletcher.) Current Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. (Macoun.) (2995.) A. Filix-foemina, Bernh., Schrad. N. Joui'n. Bot., ii., 26 and 48. Provancher, Fl. Can., 716. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii , sect, iv., 194. Athyrium Pilix-fcemina, Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ., ii., 65. Hook., Fl. Bor.- Am., ii., 262. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 277 ; Fern Fl. Can., 238. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium Filix-fiemina, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. Nephrodium anplenoidcx, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Aiii., ii., 263. Agpidium asplenoides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 60. Pursb, Fl- Am. Sept., ii., 664. A very variable species which grows in tufts in moist fields and woods. It is common in most parts of British America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Quite common throughout Nova Scotia. (Ball.) A verj- common and variable fern in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Abundant in Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Very common in Quebec and Ontario. (Laivson, McCord, Macoun, Burgess, St. Cyr, &c.) Com- mon in wooded parts of Manitoba and the North-West Territory, in the Piocky Mountains, and in British Columbia. (Macoun.) Through- out Canada to the Saskatchewan and alpine woods of the Eocky Mountains. (Drummond.) Var. Michauxii, Mett., Asplenium, 199. Aspidium angustum, Willd., Sp. PI., V., 277. Athyrium Filix-fwmina, Roth., var. 3., Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. AgpUnium Filix-famina, var. angwtum, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am., ii., 277. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 195. This is perhaps the most distinct of the many forms of this fern which have been described. It is less common than the type, but not 268 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. extremely rare, especially in Ontario. Salt Mountain, "Whycocogmah, N.S. {Macoun, Burgess.) Farmersville and Delta, Ont. (Lauson.) Ottawa, Ont. (^Fletcher.) Belleville, Ont. (Macmin.) London, Ont. (Bwgess.) 750. SCOLOPENDRIUM, Smith, Acta. Taur., v. 4IO. (HART'S-TONGUE.) (2;t96.) S. vulgare, Smith, M^m. Acad. Tiuiu, v., 421. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.. 246. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 278. Macoun & Buigess, Trans. Boy. Soc. Can., ii., sect.iv., 195. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 12. S. officinarum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 61 ; Syn. Fil., 89. Pursli, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 667. One of the rarest of American ferns, and is found growing in tufts in wet shade on limestone rocks. Only three stations are known in Canada. Woodstock, X.B. {Sutton, Jack.) Abundant on limestone debi'is under the clifl's at Sj'denham Falls and other localities around Owen Sound, Ont. {Mrs. Boy.) On Guelph dolomites, Little Sau- Eiver, Durham, Grey Co., Ont. {H. M. Ami.) It is a very variable species and three of the forms, which have been known, respectively, as vars. marginntum, ramosum, and multifidum, were collected near Woodstock, N.B., by Mr. Jack. 751. CAMPTOSORUS, Link, Sp. Fil. Berol., 83. (WALKING-LEAF.) (299*7.) C. rhizophyllus, Link, Hort. Berol., ii., 69. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 279. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect. iv.. 196. Asplenium rhizophyllum, Linn., Sp. I'l., 1536. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 74. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 264. Provancher, Fl. Can., 715. Occurs on shaded, mossy, limestone rocks. Montreal Mountain, Que. {Provancher.) L'Abord u-Plouffe, rear of the Island of Montreal, (Jue. {McCord.) Isolated locks in a shaded pasture, Hemmingford, Que. {Goode.) Limestone rocks west of Hull, and in a ravine near King's Mere, Chelsea, Que. {Fletcher.) Rocky woods, near Oxford Station, on the Ottawa and PrescottRy., Ont. {Billings.) Crevices of limestone CATALOGUE or CANADIAN PLANTb. 269 rocks at the railway bridge, Shannonville, and on boulders beyond the " Big Spring " on the Marmora Eoad, Hastings Co., Ont. ; abundant on broken masses of rock at Foster's Flats, Niagara Falls, Ont. ; plentiful at Owen Sound, Ont., on boulders and ledges undor the cliffs. (Macoun.) Hamilton and Ancaster, Wentworth Co., and Lake Medad, Halton Co., Ont. {Logic.) On shaded, mossy masses of limestone fallen from the cliffs in " The Ravinu," Dundae, and at Beainsville, Ont. (Burgess.) Canada {Goldie), to the Saskatchewan (Drummond), in Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am. 752. PHECOPTERIS, Fee, Cen. FN., 242. (BEECH-FERN.^ (2998.) P. polypodioides, F^e, Gen. Fil., 243. Macoun & Bui-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 197. Polypodium Phegopterit, Linn., Sp. I'l, 1550. Swartz. Syn. Fil., 40. Hook., Fl. Bor.-.\m., ii., 258. I'rovancher, Fl. Can., 713. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 269. Polypodium connectile, Micbx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 271. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 659. Phegopterit connectile, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 247. Occurs ill damp, especially rocky woods, and on hillsides, and is commonest in the Eastern Provinces. Common and generally dis- tributed throughout Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Common in New Bruns- wick. {Fowler.) Common in Quebec. {D' Urban. Brunei, McCord, St. Cyr, &c.) Very luxuriant on the Island of Anticosti and shore of the Lower St. Lawrence, Que.; woods, at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; abundant around Lake Superior, Ont. ; i-ather scarce along Lake Manitoba and the Porcupine Mountains, Man.; near the line of the Canadian Pacific Ry. in the valley of Beaver Creek, Selkirk Mountains, and in the Gold Range at Griffin Lake, B.C.. both on stumps and on rocks along mountain torrents. {Macoun.) Prescott, Gren- ville Co., and Osgoode Station, Russell Co., Ont. {Billings.) Ottawa, and along the C. P. Ry. north of Lakes Huron and Superior, Ont. {Fletcher.) Near the sources of the Columbia on Portage River, Rocky Mountains, Lat. 52°. {Drummond.) Shaded, rocky places, Port Simpson, B.C. {Anderseparate it. Quebec, Que. (Sheppard.) Nun's Island, Montreal. Que. (Parsons.) Eare in Miriwin's Woods, near Prescott, Ont. (Billingt^.) Rocky woods, near Campbellford, Northumberland Co.. and in thickets at Port Stanley, Elgin Co., Ont. (Maeoun.') Rich woods near the Waterworks Reservoir, Toronto, and at London. St. Thomas, and Windsor, Ont. (Burgess.) Chippewa, Ont. (Maclagan.) Parry Sound, Ont. (Logie.) (3000.) P. Dryopteris, Fee, Gen. Pil., 243. Maeoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii.. sect. iv.. 198. Polypodium Dryopifris, Linn., Sp. PI., 1555. Swartz. Syn. Fil., 41. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 2.")9. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 269. Provancher, n. Can., 713. Polypodium calcareum, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 659 (not of Smith and Willdenow.) Nephroditim, DryopUrLr, Michx., Fl. Bor.-.\m., ii., 270. Common in rocky woodlands from Nova Scotia to British Columbia, and extending northward to the Arctic Circle. To be met with in most localities in Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Common on Prince Edward Island, and along Lakes Mani- toba and Winnipegoosis, and in the Riding, Duck, and Porcupine mountains, Man., also in the Rocky Mountains, British Columbia and Vancouver Island, (JIacoun.) Abundant in Quebec. (Maclagan, B' Urban, Provancher, St. Cyr, &c.) Common in rocky parts of On- tario. (Billings, Maeoun, Burgess, &c.) Along the C. P. Ey. north of Lakes Huron and Superior. (Fletcher.) At intervals from Lake Winnipeg to within fifty miles of Hudson Bay, and on Clearwater River, N. W. Ter. (J. M. Maeoun.) Echimamish Rivei- to Oxford House, Keewatin. (R.Bell.) Rocky Mountains and Great Bear Lake, Lat. 66''. (Hook., in Fl. Bor.-Am.) British Columbia. (Bauson.) Victoria and Port Simpson, B.C. (Anderson.) Var. Robertianum, Dav., Suppl. Cat. Dav. Herb., 47. P. calcana, Fee, Gen. Fil., 243- Maeoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 199. Polypodium Robertianum, Hoff. ; iloore, Nat Pr. Brit. Fern?, t. vi. Law- son, Can. Nat., i., 270. Polypodium Dryopteris, var. calcareum, Gr., Man., Ed. 2., 590. CATALOGITE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 271 Is distinguished from the type by its glandular stalks and fronds. Abundant on ledges of limestone about two miles up the left bank of the Becscie Eiver, Island of Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Not rare in low woods at the base of limestone cliffs, and in crevices of the cliffs them- selves, at the mouth of the Temiscami River, Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. {J. M. Macoun.) Lake of the Woods, Man. (Dawson.) About one hundred miles north-east of Lake of the Woods, near Lonely Lake (Lac Seul;, Ont. (R. Bell.) (3001.) P. alpestris, Mett.,Fil. Hort. Lips., 8.3. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 200. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 13. Polypodium alpedre, Hoppe; Spreng. Syst Veg , iv., par. ii., 320. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 311. Anpidium, alpestre, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 421. Athyriwn alpestre, Nylander ; Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 238. It has a strong general resemblance to Asplenium Filix-fcemina, from which, however, it is distinguishable by the absence of indusia. Cas- cade Mountains, B.C., about Lat. 49°. (Lyall.) In wet places, at an altitude of 7000 feet, on the slopes below the glacier along Bear Creek at the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, near the line of the C. P. Ry., and also abundant under the cliffs, at a height of 6000 feet, near the summit of the Gold liange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. {2Iacoun.) 753. ASPIDIUM, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., i. and ii., St. 4 and 29. (SHIELD-FERN.) (3002.) A. Noveboracense, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 55. Pursh,Fl. Am. Sept., ii., (JGl. Macoun i)c Burgess, Trans. Roy Soe. Can., ii., sect. iv., 200. Dryoplerin Noreboracmisis, Gr., ilan., ed. i., 630. Laslrea Noreboracensit, Presl, Tent. Pterid., Ih. Lawson, Can. Xat., i., 284; Fern Fl. Can., 244. Nephrodinm iMyptcrioide.'', Michs., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 267. Agpidium Ihdyptfri'', Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260, not of Swartz. Aspidium Uielypterli, var. noveboracenfe, Willd.; Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Polyslkhum. Noreboracense, Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Found in grassy swamps, moist woods and thickets, and is most common in the Maritime Provinces, finding its western limit in Ontario. Common in swamps and moist places in Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Very il2 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. common ia New Biun»\viok. {Fowler.') Not rare in Prince Edward Island. {Bain, Macoun.) Quebec and Montreal, Que. (Sheppard.) L6vis, (^ue. {St. Cyr.) Richmond and Drummond Go's, Que. {Both- well.) Mount Belit'il, Qu^. {Madagan.) Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Pi-escott, Ont. (Billings.) Kingston and Laketield, Ont. {Mrs. Traill.) Abundant in pine woods, Seymour, Northumberland Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Low woods and thickets, Toronto, London, Blenheim, Windsor, and Poi-t Cockbui-n, Ont. {Burgess.) Owen Sound, Ont. {Mrs. Boy.) Gore Baj', Manitoulin Island, Ont. (/. Bell.) (300.3.) A. Thelypteris, Swartz,Schrad. Jourii., ii., 40; Syn. Fil., 50. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept.. ii., 661. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 201. Folyslicltum Thdypteris, Rotli, Fl. Germ., iii., 77. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363- Neplirodium Tlitlt/ptens, Desv., Mem. Soc. Linn., vi., 257. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 271. Lastrea Thelypterif, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 76. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 283 ; Fern Fl. Can., 244. Common in cedar, tamarack and other swamps, from Nova Scotia westward to Lake Winnipeg. Quite abundant jn swamps throughout Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Bather common in wet marshy places in New Brunswick. {Fowler.) Frequent in Prince Kdward Island. {Bain, Macoun.) Common in (Juebec. {McCord, Provanrhi'r, Madagan, Parsons, St. Cyr, &c.) Abundant in Bastei-n and Central Ontario. {Macoun, Fletcher, Billings, Logic, Burgiss, kc.) Muskoka and Parry Sound. Ont. {Burgess.) Near Bed Eiver Settlement, Man. {McTavish.) (3004.) A. Oreopteris, Swartz, Schiad. Journ., ii., 35; Syn. Fil., 50. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 14. A. montanum, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant., 115. Lastrea Oreoptcri.% Presl., Tent. Pterid., 76. LaHrea moniana, Moore; Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 243. Occurs In patches on wet ground on mountain slopes and in rocky ravines, and is limited in Canada, so far as known, to British Columbia. At an altitude of 6,500 feet on Avalanche Mountains, at the summit of the Canadian Pacific Esiilwaypass through the Selkirk Eange. {Macoun.) Port Simpson, opposite the southern extremity of Alaska. {Anderson.) (3005.) A. cristatum, Swartz. Schrad. Journ., ii., 37; Syn. Fil., 52. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am.. ii., 261. qATALOGTTE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 273 Provancher, Fl. Cau., 718. Maconn & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 202. rolijstichum criftatuni. Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ., iii., S4. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nifhrudium crinlatum, Michx., Fi. Bor.-Aiu., ii., 269. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 273. Lastrea cristata, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 282; I'ern Vi. Can., 241. Usually found in low woods, ranj^ing from the Atlantic to the ]{ocky Mountains, and northward as far as Great Slave Lake. Common in Nova Scotia. {Ball, McKay.) Scarce in New Brunswick, the onlj' recorded stations being: Bass River, Green Head. {Fowler, Hay), and Andover and Upper G:ispeie.ai.\. ( Wetmore.) Abundant in beech woods. Prince Edwai'd Island. (Bain.) Not uncommon in Que- bec. (J)' Urban, Provancher, McCord, St. Cyr, &c.) Local but common in Ontario. (Maroiin, Maclagan, Billimjs, Burgess, Fletcher, &c.) Porcu- pine Mountains, Man. (Macoun.) Saskatchewan, N.W.T. {Richardson.) Lake Winnipeg and Slave Eiver, N.W.T. (Eaton.) \m\ Clintonianum, B. C. i^aton, (Ji-. Man., ed. v., 61)5. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 203. JJistinguishod chiefly by its greater size and more numerous pinnae and segments. Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Cyr.) Chatham Town- shiii, Argenteuil Co., (^ue. (.McCord.) Border of woods, Alva Farm, Xnowlton, Que., and Dow's Swamp, Ottawa, Ont. (Fletcher.) Black ash swamps, Belleville; also Flat Eock Portage, Lake Nepigon, Ont. (Macoun.) Swamps, Loudon, Ont. (Buryess.) Owen Sound, Ont. (Mrs. Boy.) (3000.) A. Coldieanum, Hook., Edinb. Phil. .Journ., vi., .333; Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 203. Nephrodhim Goldieamim., Flook. & Grev., Ic. Fil., t. cii. Hook & Baker, Syn. Fil., 272. Lastrea Goldieana, Presl, Tent. Pterid-, 76. Lawson, Can. Nat , i., 282 ; Fern Fl. Can., 240. A.fpidium Filix-ma.f, Pursh, Fl. .\m. Sept., ii., 662. Found in low rich woods and rocky ravines, but is nowhere common in our territory. Near Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Ste. Eose, Laval Co., Que. (St. Cyr.) Richmond and Di-ummond Co's, Que. (Bothivell.) " The jNIountain," Montreal, Que. (McCord.) Abundant among gneiss 274 GEOLOGICAL SURVEV OF CANADA. rocks near Hamilton's Farm, Eiver Eouge, Que. (D' Urban.) Nun's Island, Montreal, (^ue. (Parsons.) Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Far- mersville, and banks of river westward of Brockville, Ont., in crevices of Laurentian rocks. (Lawson.) Woods, Belleville, Castleton, and Bi-ighton, Ont. (Maccnin.) Woodstock, Ont. {Jlillman.) Eich woods, London, Ont. ( Buri/ess.) Amherstburgh, Ont. (Maclagan.) (3007.) A. Filix-mas, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 38 ; Sj-n. Fil, 55. Goode, Can. Xat , ix., 297. Macoun & Bm-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 204. Polysticlium Filix-mas, Roth, Fl. Germ., iii., 82. Watt, Can. Kat., iv.,363. Ntpkrodium. Filix-nuts, Richard, Desv., M^in. Son. Linn, vi., 60. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 272 (exclusive of vars. ; and <'.) Lastrea PUU-mas, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 76. Lawson, Can. Xat i., 282 ; Fern Fl. Can., 24L Occurs in rocky woods and on open, rocky hillsides. Whycocogmali, Cape Breton, X.S. {Lindsay.) Aspej' Bay, Lake Ainslie, and Cape Mabou Mountain, Cape Breton, N.S. (McKay.) Keswick Eidge, N.B. (Moser.) Daley's Wood, Eichraond, N.B. (Hay.) Abun- dant and very luxuriant along the Gasp^ coast, at Fox Eiver, Que. ; plentiful on the line of the C. P. Ey. on the lower slopes of Mount Mac- donald, near Bear Creek, summit of the Selkirk Eange, B.C. (Macoun.) Among loose rocks under the limestone cliffs at the rear of Eoyston Park, Owen Sound, Ont., and about ten miles up the Georgian Bay, under the same i'ange of dirts. (Mrs. Roy.) British Columbia. [Lyall.) (3008.) A. rigidum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 37 ; Syn. Fil., 53. Macoun c*^ Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 205. Nephrodium rigidum, Desv., Ann. Linn., vi., 261. Lastrea rigida, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 243. Found growing in tufts among rocks on mountain sides. Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Cowley, Anderson.) Th^e southern Pacific coast form, var. argutum, presents, according to Prof. Eaton, no points of specific difference from ours, which is typical rigidum, except that its fronds are larger and broader. (3009.) A. marginale, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 50; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., (iti2; Hook.. Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260 ; Provancher, Fl. Can. 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 205. Nephrodium marginale, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 267. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 273. Lastrea maryinalis, Presl, Tent Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 281 ; Fern Fl. Can., 242. Folystichum marginale, TVatt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. I CAtALOGOE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 276 This species esjiecially favours rocky, wooded ravines and hillsides, occurring abundantly from ihe Maritime Provinces to the Lake of the Woods, thence, but very sparingly, to the Eocky Mountains. Gene- rally distributed throughout Nova Scotia. (Ball.) Eather common in New Brunswick. (Fowler.) Not rare in Prince Edward Lsland. (Bain.) Common in Quebec. (Frovancher, McCord, Sheppard, St. Cyr,&c.) Very common in Ontario. (Lawscm, Macoun, BiUinys, Burgess, kc.) Abundant in the Muskoka and Parry Sound districts of Ontario, and along the Dawson Eoad, Man. (Burgess.) Split Eock Portage, on the Nepigon Eiver, Ont., and in Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains, Lat. 56°. (Macoun.) The Saskatchewan. (Drummond.) (3010.) A. spinulosum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 38; Syn. Fil, 54. Hook,, l-'l. Bor.-Am., ii., 2GL Provancher, Fl. Can., 719. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 20C. Nephrodium fjtinulosum, Desv., Ann. Linn., vi., 261. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 275. Laslrea spintUosa, I'resl, Tent. Pterid., 70. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 242. A partially evergreen fern finding its favorite home in thick, especially damp, woods. It is frequent in the wooded districts of all our provinces and ranges northward to Alaska. Var. intermedium, J). C. Eaton, Gray, Manual, Ed. v., G(J5. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 207. Aspidium intermedium, AMUd. .1, Si>. PL, v., 262. I'ursli, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 663. Laslrea intermedia, Presl, Tent Pterid., 77. A.'pidium Amcricanum, Davenport, Am. Xat., xii., 714; Catal., 29. This form, which prefers drier woods, has the same range as the type, but is most abundant in Eastern and Cential Ontario. Var. dilatatum, Hook., Brit. El. ed. I., 444. Macoun & Biu'gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 207. Aspidium dilatatum, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 420. Lastrea dilalatu, Presl., Tent. Pterid., 77. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 2SL Laslrea spiniilosa, Presl, var. dilatata, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 240. Like the type, it extends from the Atlantic, through the Eocky Mountains, to the Pacific, prevailing most extensively in the Eastern Provinces and British Columbia, where, in places, it forms almost the whole undergrowth. Not ver}- common in Ontario except about Luke Superior. 276 GEOLOGICAL StJRVEY OF CANADA. (3011.) A. Boottii, Tuckerman, Hovey's Mag. of Hort. and Bot., ix., 145. Macoun i*c Burgess, Trans. Eoy. See. Can., ii., sect, iv., 208. ^■1. spinulomm, var. SooUii, Gray, Man., Kd. ii., 598. A. cristatum, var. xdiginoxlim, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant, 131. Lastrea SooUii, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 241. Our recorded stations for this fern, which is found in swamps and wet places in woods and thickets, are very few, but careful search would probably prove it to be less rare. Bellahill, thirteen miles from Halifax, and near Sackville Church, two and a half miles further up the old Windsor Eoad, X.S. (Jack.) Low forest glade, Kemptville, Ont. (Porter.) Swamp near the Grand Trunk Eailway Station at Belleville, Ont., growing in the immediate vicinity of ^. crisfatum, var. Clintonianum and A. spinulosutri. (Macoun.) Hamilton. Ont. (Logie.) With A. cristatum, in a cedar swamp, London, Ont. (Burgess.) (3012.) A. fragrans, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 51. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii, 261. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 208. Poly'yn. Fil., 250. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 209. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 15. Polyatichiim Lonchili.i, Both, Tent. Fl. (Jerm., iii., 71. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 285 ; Fern Fl. Can. 239. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 368. Grows in tufts in shaded, rocky places, usually on the debris of calcareous rocks, and, except in the Rocky Mountains, is a raie and local species, as far as known. lu considerable abundance near Aspey Bay, Cape Breton, N.S. (McKay.) Found sparingly at Foster's Flats, below the Whirl]iool, Niagara Fall.-;, Onl. ; common on rocky i;round, especially under clitfs, throughout the Bruce Peninsula, and around Owen Sound, Ont. ; on the mountain slopes of Bow River Pass, and in Peace River Pass, Lat. 50°, Rocky Mountains, N. W. Ter. ; on the upper slopes of Cathedral Mountain at Kicking Horse Lake, on the snowslides near the summit of the Selkirk Mountains, in the Cascade Mountains above Yale, and on the Gold Range north of Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, Lat. 49°, at 0,500 feet elevation. (Dawson.) Rocky Mountains, Lat. 52° — 56°. (Drum- mond.) On rocks along the Arctic coast from the Mackenzie River to Baffin Bay. (Hook. Arct. PI.) (3014.) A. acrostichoides, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 44. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 661. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 250. Provancher, Fl. Can., 718. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 210. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv.. sect, iv., 16. Nephrodium acrostichoides, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am-, ii., 267. Polyttichum acrostichoides, Schott, Gen. Fil. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 285 ; Fern Fl. Can., 239. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Pohjstichum munitum, Presl, Tent. Pterid., 83. Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 239. An evei-green, tufted species, found in woods and on wooded hillsides, especially in rocky soil. It occurs from Nova Scotia to the Bruce Peninsula of Ontario, which seems to be about its western limit in Canada. Quite common in Nova Scotia, (Ball.) Common neai- St. John; rare near Molus Rivei-, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler.) Woodstock, N.B. (Jack.) Upper Tobique and Kennebeccasis, N.B. (Hay.) Common at Salmon River, N.B. ( Wetmore.) Not rare in Prince Edward Island. (Bain.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, D' Urban, Maclagan, Bothvell, Sheppard, St. Cyr, &c.) Very abundant in Eastern, Central, and South-western Ontario. (Macoun, Laws'm, Logie, Fletcher, Burgess, 2T8 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. &c.) The form known as var. incisum has been reported from Montreal, Que. {McCord.) Owen Sound, Ont. {Macoun.) London and Hamilton, Ont. {Burgess.) (3015.) A. munitum, Katif , Enum. Fil., 236. Hook.,Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 2(>1. Macouii \ Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soe. Can., ii.. sect, iv., 211. An evergreen species, growing in woods and among rocks, confined with us to British Columbia. North-West America. {Menzies.') Nootka,. Vancouver Island. {Mertens.) Very abundant around Victoria, and common in rocky woods up the Fraser River to far above Yale, also on mountain slopes at Griffin Lake, Eagle River. {Macoun.) Damp thickets, Xew "Westminster. (Fletcher.) The forms which have been described as var. inciso-serraium. and var. imbricans have been found about Victoria, the former by Prof. Macoun. the latter by Mr. Fletcher. (3016.) A. aculeatum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ., ii., 37; Syn. Fil., 53. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.. 252. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect. iv.. 211. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 16. A. lolKitum, Smith, Fl. Brit, 1153. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 53. A. aculeatum, var. lobatum, Kunze, Bot. Zeit (1848), 356. Eaton, Ferns of N. Am., ii., 124. Our only known station for typical A. aculeatum is Port Simpson, Northern B. C, where it was collected, in moist rocky places, by Mr. Anderson, in 1885. Further research in that district will probably prove it to be less rare. Var. Braunii, Doell (Koch), Rhein. Fl., 27. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect., iv.. 212. A^idium Braunii, Spenner, Fl. Frib., i., 9. A. acukatum, Pursb, Fl. Am. Sept, ii., 662. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 261. Provancher. Fl. Can., 719. Poly.iliclinm angulare, Presl, var. Braunii, Lawson, Can. Nat, i., 285. Polyflichum aculeatum, Moore, var. Braunii, Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Polyftichum Braunii, Lawson, Fern Fl. Can., 239. Found in the crevices of moist, shaded rocks, and in rocky woods, its range being restricted to the Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, and British Columbia. Rare and local in Nova Scotia; occurr- ing at Marlile Mountain, Bras d'Or Lake ; Sherman's Mountain, Port Mulgrave, Strait of Canso; Ehler's Waterfall.'near Guysborough; and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 279 hills above Mabou, Cape Breton. (Ball.) Lake Ainslie. Cape Breton. XMcKay.) Near Baddeck, and at Kiver Inhabitans, Cape Breton. (Jack.) Pirate Harbour, Strait of Ganso, N.S. (Macoun & Burgess.) CapeBlomiilon, N.S. (Lawson.) Sugar Loaf, Eestigouohe ; and Odell's Grove, Frederictoii. X.B. (Fowler.) St. Francis Eiver, Andovei', N.B. (Hay.) Plentiful in rocky woods along the Gasp^ Coast, Que., gener- ally near the shore and often within the spray of the waves. (Macoun.) Quebec, Quo. (Sheppard.) Temiscouata, Que. (Tlwmas.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Abundant on gneiss rocks and damp logs, valley of the Eiver Eouge, Argenteuil Co., Que. (D' Urban.) Portage and sources of the Columbia Eiver, west side of the Eocky Mountains, Lat. 52°. (Drummond.) Nootka, Vancouver Island, B.(/. (Hienke.) Yar. scopulinum, D. C. Eaton, Ferns of N.A., ii., 125. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 212. A form with narrow fi-onds, much resembling those of A. niohrioides, found growing in the ci'evices of rocks. In Canada only known to exist on Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gasp^, Que., where it was found, at an altitude of about 4000 feet, by Professor Allen, in July 1881, and by Professor Macoun, in August 1882. Having been found in Washington Territory, U.S., it is to be looked for in Southern British Columbia. 754. CYSTOPTERIS, Bernh., Schrad. Neu. Journ. Bot., i., part ii., 526. (BLADDER-FERN.) (301*r.) C. fragilis, Hernh., I.e., part i., 27. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 28(1. Provancher, Fl. Can., 710. Goode, Can. Nat., ix., 298. Macoun k Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 213. Cyslea fragilis, Smith, Engl. Fl., iv., 2S5. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Nephrodium lenue, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 209. Aspidium tenue, Swartz, Syn. Fil., 58. Pursh, Fl. Am., Sept.ii., 665. A common and very variable species, found in crevices of moist shaded rocks, in rich woods, and sometimes in open wet places. It is one of the most universally distributed of our ferns, appearing in almost every part of the Dominion, growing even on the open prairie in moist places near rocks. It is so variable that the same roots will at diti'erent times, or even the same time, produce fi'onds that might be referred to different ones of the many, so-called, varieties. 280 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3018.) C. bulbifera, Beinh., I.e., part i., 27. Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 260 rrovancher, Fl. Can., 719. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 287. Goode, Can. Nat., ix., 209. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 214. Polypodium biUbiferum, Linn., Sp. PI., 1553. Aspidium buUAferum, Swartz, Schrad. Journ. Bot., ii,41; Syn. Fil., 59. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 663. Cystea bulbifera, Smith, Engl. Fl., iv. 286. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Nephrodium hulhifer'jm , :Miclix., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 268. Aspidium atomarium, Muhl., MS. Pnrsli, Fl. Am. Sept. ii., 665. A slender, tnfted species, occurring in wet places among rocks, or in low rich woods. It is found in Nova Scotia and New Brun.swick, though not common, and extends westward to the Lake of the Woods. Hartley's Waterfall, Pirate Harbour, Strait of Canso, N.S. (Ball.) Aepe}' Bay, Cape Breton. (McKay.) Newport, Hants Co., N.S.; and Grand Falls. N.B. (Jack.) Very abundant about the Lower St. John, Coldbrook, N.B. (Hay.) Restigoucheand St. .John, N.B. (Fowler.) On damp limestone rock-i up Jupiter River, Island of Anticosti, Que. (Macoun.) Common in Quebec. (Provancher, D' Urban. Bell, Maclagan, McCord, St. Cyr, &c.) V'ery abundant throughout Ontario, as for west as the Bruce Peninsula. (Lawson, Billings, Macoun, Logie, Burgess, &c.) Manitoulin Islands, Ont. (J. Bell.) Lake of the Woods. (Dawson.) North-west Angle, Lake of the Woods. (Burgess.) (3019.) C. montana, Bernh, I.e., part ii., 26. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii.. 260. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 215. Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can. iv., sect, iv., 1". Aspidium montanum, Swartz, Schrad. .lourn. Bot, ii., 42 ; Syn. Fil., 61. CysUa montana, Lam. Watt, Can. Nat iv., 363. One of our rarest ferns, finding its home in low. dense woods, gene- rally along creeks. Labrador. (Butler.) In a deep ravine beside a brook, on the northern face of Mount Albert, Shickshock Mountains, Gaspd, Que.; in a cedar swamp, near the silver mine north of Current River, Lake Superior, Ont. ; abundant in Kicking-IIorse Pass, Rocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Plentiful along a spring creek, running thi'ough spruce woods, about ten miles from the H. B. Co.'s post on Lake Mistissini, N. E. Tor. (./. J/. Macoun.) By streams, in shady alpine woods, in the Rocky Mountains, Lat 52°-56°. (Drummond.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 281 755. ONOCLEA, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1I70. (ONOCLEA.) (.-5020.) O. sensibllis, Linn., Sp. PI., 1517. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 272. Swai'tz, Syn. Fil., 110. Pursh, Fl. Am., Sept., ii., 665. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Pi-ovanclier, PI. Can., 717. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 27-1. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., .36.3. Macoun & Burgess, Ti-ans. Boy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 215. A very common fern thi-oughout Canada, in wet, generally shaded, places, as far west as the head of Lake Winnipegoosis and the Sas- katchewan. The plant described as var. ohtusilohata by Doctor Torrey in the Flora of New York, vol. ii., p. 409 (OnocUa ohtusilohata, Schk., Iviypt. Gew., 95. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 665) is only a foi'm in which some, or all, of the sterile fronds are contracted and partially fruitful. It is recorded li-om but few localities but is probably of much more frequent occurrence. Eicbibucto, N.B. {Fowler.) Huvelock, King's Co., N.B. (Brittain.) Prince Hdwai'd Island. {Bain.) Wet meadow, one mile north of Murray Town-ILill, Northumbei-land Co., Ont. {Macoun.) Ottawa, Ont. {Fletcher.) Saugeen, Out. {P.J.Scott.) (3021.) O. Struthiopteris, Hoft'., Fl. Deutschld., II. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 111. Watt, Gun. Nat., iv., 363. Mat-oun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 216. 0. noihdoM, Schk., Krypt. Gew., 97. (Perhaps also of Michx., Fl. Bor.- Am., ii.. 272.) Struthiopteris Germanica, Willd., Enum., 1071. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 262. Gray, Man., ed. v., 067. Provancher, Fl. Can., 717. Struthiopteris Pennmjlvanica, Willd., Sp. PI., v., 289. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii. 0G6. Struthiopteris Oermanica, vav. Pennsylvanica, Lawson, Can. Nat.i., 273; Fern Fl. Can., 231. A tall, showy species, found in low, open or wooded, especially allu- vial, ground. Its range is from Nova Scotia to near the Pacific Coast in the valley of the Fraser Eiver in British Columbia, but it is most common east of Lake Huron. Canada to the Saskatchewan. {Rich- ardson.). About forty miles north of Michipicotin on the Magpie Eiver, and about five miles up the Kaniinistiquia Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; along the Assiniboino Eiver, from Winnipeg to the Souris Eiver, Man. ; common along the C. P. Ey., east of Agassiz Station, and along Eagle Eiver in the Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) North-west Angle, Lake of the Woods. {Burgess.) 19 282 GEOLOGICAL SDRVEY OF CANADA. 756. WOODSIA, R. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., xi., I70. (WOODSIA.) (3022.) W. glabella, R Bi-., App. Frankl. Journ. 754. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 289. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Goode, Can. Nat, ix., 298. Macoun & Bui-gess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 217 Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 17. W. alpina, var. glabella, Eaton, Can. Nat, ii., 89. A very delicate little species found in tufts on moist, shaded rocks. It has a wide range, extending fi-om New Brunswick westward to the Eocky Mountains, and northward to the Arctic Circle, but is rare and local. Eestigouche Eiver, N.B. (J. Brittain.} Grand Falls, N.B. (Jack.) Limestone rocks, twelve miles up Jupiter Eiver, and under cliffs at Ellis Bay, Anticosti, Que. ; frequent in crevices of rocks along the Gasp^ coast, Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and Riviere du] Loup, Que. ; ledges of rock, Ivakabeka Falls, Kaministiqnia Eiver, Eed Eock, near the C. P. Ey. station, and on trap rocks up the Nej)igon Eiver, Lake Superior, Ont. ; limestone rocks, Pine Portage, Cleai-water Eiver, below Methy Portage, N. W. Ter., Lat 57°, and Bow Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Macoun.) Sagueuaj- Eiver and Montmorenci Falls, Que. (Watt.) Isle of Orleans, Que. (St. Cyr.) Great Bear Lake (the original station) N. W. Ter. (Richardson.) On rocks along the Arctic coast, from Mackenzie Eiver to Baf&n Bay. (Hook., Arct. PI.) (3023.) W. hyperborea, E. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc. xi., 173. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Hook. & Bakei-, Syn. Fil., 46. Provancher, Fl. Can., 720. Watt, Can. Nat, iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 218. W. alpina, S. F. Gray, Nat. Arang. Brit. PI., ii., 17. Lawson, Trans. Bot Soc. Ed., viii., 108, and Can. Nat, i., 289. This plant is closely allied to W. glabella, and, like it, is found on moist, mossy rocks. It occui-e very locally from New Brunswick to the Saskatchewan, and northward to the Arctic Circle. " The Tunnel." Eestigouche, N.B. (Fowler.) Aroostook Falls, Victoria Co., N.B. (Say, Wetmore.) Dartmouth River, Gasp^, Que., twenty miles from its mouth. (J. Bell.) Perpendicular faces of cliffs near Capo Eosier, Gasp^ ; on rocks twenty miles up the Ste. Anne des Monts Eiver, and at the falls of the same river at the base of Mount CA«-ALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 283 Albert, Que. ; on mountain masses along the north shore of Lake Superior west of Nepigon Bay, on clififa of Jack Fish Island, Lake Nepigon, and on ledges of rock between the Hudson Bay Co.'s post and Lake Superior at Michipicotin, Ont. (Macoun.) On a moist, mossy bank, within reach of the spray, near the falls on the Eiviere du Loup, and on mossy rocks in a ravine at Temiscouata, Que. (Watt.) lie du Havre, Mingan, Que. (St. Cyr.) Norway House, Lake Winnipeg. {Richardson.) Eocks about Fort Chipweyan, Athabasca. {W. G. Traill.) Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. (B. Bell.) On rocks along the Arctic coast, fiom the Mackenzie Eiver to Baffin Bay. (Hook., Arct. PI.) Greenland. (^Rosenvinge.) (3024.) W. Ilvensis, E. Br., Trans. Linn. Soc, xi., 273. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 660. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. Provancher, Fl. Can., 720. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 288. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 46. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 219. Nephrodium rufiduLum, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 269. Agpidium rufidulum, Swartz, Syn. Fil., -58. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 065. A small, dull-green, tufted species occurring on exposed rocks, from Nova Scotia to the Eocky Mountains, and northward beyond the Arctic Circle. Not common in Nova Scotia. {McKay.) Salt Mountain, Whycocogmah, N.S. {Lindsay.) Gold Eiver, near Chester, Lunenburg Co., N.S. {Ball.) East side of Lake Thomas, Halifax Co., N.S., and Hay's Falls, near Woodstock, N.B. {Jack.) Near Truro, N.S. {Camp- bell.) The "Look Out," Cape Blomidon, N.S. {Macoun & Burgess.) Sugar Loaf, Eestigouche, and mouth of Upsalquitch, N.B. {Fowler.) Keswick, Nashwaaksis, St. Stephen, Green Head, and St. John, N.B. ( Vroom.) Very abundant in many parts of Quebec and Ontario. {Pro- vancher, St. Cyr,D' Urban, Lawson, Macoun, Fletcher, Logic, Burgess, &c.) Very abundant and luxuriant west and northwest of Lake Superior. {Macoun.) Echimamish Eiver to Oxford IIou,se, and Nelson Eiver, near Hudson Bay. {R. Bell.) Common up Berens Eivei- to the Height of Land. {J. M. Macoun.) Eocks about ChipejTvan, Athabasca. {W. G. Traill.) Canada to Hudson Bay, Bear Lake, and the Eocky Moun- tains. {Richardson, Drummond.) Eock.s along the Arctic coast from Mackenzie liiver to Baffin Bay, also in Arctic Greenland and along the east and northeast coast. {Hook., Arct. PI.) (3025.) W. obtusa, Torrey, Cat. PI. in Geol. Eept. of N.Y. (1840.) Fl. of N. Y., ii., p. 500. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 289. Hook. & 284 GEOLOGICAL S0RVEY OF CANADA. Baker, Syn. Fil., 4S. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 220. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., ISO. Aspidium ohlusum, Wilkl., Sp. PI., v., 254. Pursb, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 6(52. Physematium ohlusiim, Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 259. This fern, which is found on rocks and stony hillsides, is oue of our rarest species, only three stations being recorded for it, and these strangely far apart. In the gorge through which Dr. Hamilton's Road winds up to the summit of North Mountain, near Canning, N.S. (Jack.) Amongst loose rocks at Port Simpson, Northern B.C. (Ander- son.) West side of the Eockj' Mountains, near the sources of the Columbia. (Drummond.) (3026.) W. scopulina, D. C. Eaton, Can. Nat., ii., 91. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., ed. 2, 48. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 220. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect. iv., 18. Found growing in dense masses on rocks and in their crevices, chiefly in shade, and confined with us, so far as known, to the Eocky Mountains, and British Columbia. Eocky Mountains ; and Elk Eiver, Kootanie Valley, B.C. (Dairson.) Among loose rocks on mountain sides at Lytton and Victoria, B.C. (Fletcher.) Along the Eraser and Thompson rivers, B.C., from Yale to Sicamous on Shuswap Lake, and on the mountains at these places; abundant in Kicking Horse Pass, Eocky Mountains. (Macmm.) Specimens thickly glandular on the upper as well as the lower surface have been collected by Mr. Ander- son on Mount Finlayson, near Victoria, B.C. (3027.) W. Oregana, D. C. Eaton, Can. Xat., ii., 90. Hook. & •Baker, Syn. Fil., ed. 2, 48. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 363. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 221. Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., iv., sect, iv., 18. A delicate little species occurring in dense patches in the crevices of rocks, often where exposed to the sun, and ranging from Lake Nepigon westward into British Columbia and northward to Lake Athabaska. Blackwater Eiver, Lake Nef)igon, Ont. ; Fort Chipeywan, Athabasca ; and Peace Eiver Pass, Eocky Mountains ; along the Fraser and Thompson rivers, B.C., from Yale to Spence's Bridge; on Blackwater Elver, along the Telegraph Trail, and at Fort St. James, Northern B.C. (Macoun.) Exposed rockSj^Kamloops, B.C. (Fletcher.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 285 757. DICKSONIA, L'Her., Sert. Ang., 30. (DICKSONIA.) (3028.) D. pilosiuscula, Willd., Enum. PI. Hort. Berol., 1070. Pursh, F\. Am. Sepl, ii., 671. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 2(>4. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 222. Aspidium punctilohum, WilW., Sp. PI., v., 279. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 664. Dicksonin piwctilobida, Kunze, Sill. .Tourn. (1848), 87. Gray, Man., 6(>9. Provancher, Fl. Can., 720. Nephrodium punclilofjulum, Michx., Fl. Kor.-Am., ii., 268. Denmkcdtia punclilobvla, Moore, Index Fil., p. xcvii., 307. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 287 ; Fern Fl. Can., 233. Found in stony pastures, open woods, and on rocky hillsides, from the Atlantic westward to Georgian Bay. Very common in Nova Scotia. {Ball.) Abundant in New Brunswick. (Foivler.) Very abundant by roadsides at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; common in e.Ktreme eastern Quebec ; frequent along the roadside between Flinton and the Addington Road, Addington Co., and in low, rich woods a little east of Norwood, Peterboro Co., Out. (^MaMun.) L^vis and Siller}', Quo. (St. Cyr.) Lennoxville and Waterloo, Que. (Sheppard.) Richmond and Drummond Co's, Que. (Bothwell.) Montreal, Que. (Maclagan.) Plentiful in Harrington Township and on Hamilton's Farm, River Rouge, Argenteuil Co., Que. {D' Urban.') Abundant in Stewart's Bush, Ottawa, and at Cas.selman, Ont. {Fletcher.) Near Prescott, Ont. {Billings.) Near Kingston, Ont. (J. Bell.) Parrj' Sound, Georgian Bay, Ont. {Logic.) 758. SCHIZ/EA, Smith, Act. Taur. v., 419. (SCHIZ/EA ) (3029.) S. pusilla, Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii.. 657. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, 428. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 201. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv.,222. This peculiar, sedge-like, little species is one of the rarest of ferns. Only one station is known in Canada, but it is recorded by De la Pylaie as occurring in a peat bog near St. Pierre, Newfoundland. Found among the rhizomes of Osmunda regalis on the shore of Gi-and Lake, twenty-three miles from Halifax, N.S., in August, 1879, by Miss Elizabeth G. Knight (now Mrs. Britton), but not since detected. 286 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OP CANADA. 759. OSMUNDA, Linn., Cen. PI., No. 1 172. (FLOWERING-FERN.) (3030.) O. regalis, Linn., Sp. PL, 1521. . Swavtz, Syn. Fil., 160. Michx., Fl. Eor.-Ara., ii., 273. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, 427. Piovancher, Fl. Can., 721. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Eoy. Soc Can., ii., sect, iv., 223. O. speclabilif:, Willd., Sp. PI., v., 98. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 658. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. 0. regalis, var. spectaldlis, Milde, Fil. Eur. et Atlant., 178. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 290 ; Fern. Fl. Can., 247. A tall-growing species of very common occurrence in wet places in most parts of the eastern half of our territoiy, though rare toward its western limit, which is the Saskatchewan. Observed north of Lake Superior at Round Lake, on the line of the Canadian Pacitic Eailway, twelve miles east of the Fie River, and at Current River, Thunder Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Abundant around Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. ; on Muskeg Island, Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Through Canada westward to the Saskatchewan. (Eaton.) (3031.) O. Claytoniana, Linn., Sp. PI., 1521. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 657. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 426. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 291. Watt, Can. Nat., iv., 364. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 224. 0- inlcrrupla, Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 273. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 657. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Provancher, Fl. Can.. 721. A handsome fern found growing in tufts in low grounds, and common throutrhout Canada from Newfoundland and Nova Scotia to Lake Superior, prohably finding its western limit in Manitoba. Not uncom- mon around Lake Nepigon and Thunder Bay, Ont. (Macoun.) Very abundant among boulders all around Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (J. M. Macoun.) Collected by Bourgeau at Sturgeon Lake, some hundred miles north-west of Lake Superior, and, according to Milde, on Lake Winnipeg. (3032.) O. cinnamomea, Linn., Sp. PI., 1522. Swartz, Syn. Fil., 160. Michx., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 273. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept., ii., 657. Hook., Fl. Bor.-Am., ii., 265. Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., 426. Provancher, Fl. Can., 721. Lawson, Can. Nat., i., 290. Macoun & Burgess, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., ii., sect, iv., 225. CATAIiOGTOE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 281 A common species in low ground tbiroughoiit Nova Scotia, New Brunswick. Prince Edward Island, Quebec and Ontario, as far west as Georgian Bay, which is probably its limit, though Prof. Lawson records it as found at Two Heart Eiver, Lake Superior, by Dr. E. Bell. The form known as var. frondosa, Gv. is an occasional, accidental condition, in which the lower part of the frond is sterile, the apex fertile. "Windsor, N.S. (Row.) The Waterworks, Halifax Co., KS. (Jack.) Molus Siver, Kent Co., N.B. (Fowler.') In swamps at Belleville, Hastings Co., and at Bisraark, Elgin Co., Ont. (Macoun.) CXXI. LYCOPODIACE.E. Cldb-Moss Family. 760. LYCOPODIUM, Linn. (3033.) L. Selago, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. II., 266. Not uncommon on mountains and northward. From Hudson Bay to the Eocky Mountains, and to the extreme Arctic Shores and islands. (Richardson, Brmnmond.) Labrador. (Br. Morrison.) Cape Chud- leigh, Digge's Ishiiut, and Nottingham Island, Hudson Strait. (R. Bell.) Summit of Mount Albert, altitude 4000 feet, and along the Gasp(5 Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Among grass on Carleton Heights, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) On high exposed rocks, 10 miles south of Otter Head, and north of it. Lake Superior. On the Eocky Mountains at Kicking- Horse Lake, and on the Selkirks at Mount Macdonald ; also on the Gold Eange noilh of Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) Kootanie District, B.C. (J. R. Anderson.) Sitka, Ounalaskka, and Kotzebue Sound.. (Rothr. Alask.) Cumberland Islands, Arctic Sea. (Walker.) West- side of the Eocky Mountains near the sources of the Columbia. (Douglas.) Greenland. (Ryder's Expedition.) Var. fi. Hook. PI. II., 266. Tall and widely forking, leaves long pointed and often squarrose. Observatory Inlet, Millbank Sound to Stikine. (Hook. Fl.) Summit of Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island ; altitude 3000 feet. (Macoun.) (3034.) L. lucidulum, Michx. ; Hook. Fl. II., 266. Common in swamps and wet woods throughout Canada. West coast of Newfoundland. (J. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax and Pictou, N.S. 288 OEOLOaiCAL survey of CANADA. (Sommer's Cat.) Common in Kent Co., KB. (Fowler's Cat.) Brook, ville, N.B. (Jlay.) North Mountain, Annapolis, N.S. ; woods, Bescie Eiver, Anticosti ; abundant on Prince Edward Island at Brackley Point ; coast of Gaspe and Mount Albert, Q. (Macoun.) Common in woods at Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Low woods, London and Parry- Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common through northern Ontario and westward through the forest counti-j' to the Eocky Mountains at Laggan, and in the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. ; also on Mount Mark, near Qualicum, Vancouver Island. (Slacoun.) (3035.) L. inundatum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. II., 267. In swamps and on wet sodden ground, generally eastward. Near Bedford ; Northwest Arm and Point Pleasant, near Halifax ; also at Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) Bass River and several places in Kent ' Co. ; not rai-e at Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Black Eiver, Lake Verd, and North Pond near East Point, Prince Edward Island ; also in a peat bog, Hastings Eoad, North Hastings, Ont. (Macoun.) Wet sandy shore. Port Colliorne, Lake Joseph. Muskoka, Ont. (Bur- gess.) North Shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Var. Bigelovii, Tuckerm. ; Gray Man., ed. V., fi73. Only found in the Maritime Provinces. Bogs, North Sydney, and Louisburg, Cape Breton. (Macoun & Burgess.) Grand Lake, Halifax Co., N.S. (McKay.) Bass Eiver, Kent Co., N.B. Specimens received from Prof. J. Fowler. (Macoun.) (3036.) L. obscurum, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 696. L. dendroidnim, Michx. ; Hook. Fl. 11., 266. Quite common in the pine forests of Ontai-io. Brigus, Newfound- land. (B. Bell.) West coast of Newfoundland. (./. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, and Pictou, N.S. (Sommer's Cat.) Eather common at Bass Eiver, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) North Sydney and Baddeck, Cape Breton ; Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; and common along the Gaspe Coast, Q. (Jtacomi.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wettnore.) Woods, Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. ; and Lake Winnipeg. (J. M. Macoun.) Woods, around Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Sandy woods, Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Common in the central counties of Ontario, and westward around Lake Superior. (Macoun.) Canada to the Saskatchewan and Hudson Bay. (Drummond.) Northwest coast of America. (Menzies.) Sitka. (Rothr. Alask.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 289 (3037.) L. annotinum, Linn., Hook. Fl. II., 2(JG. Very common in all cool woods and on mountains across the con- tinent. Brigus, Newfoundland. (R. Bell.) "Windsor, Dartmouth, Halifax, and Pictou, KS. (Sommer's Cat.) Common in dry woods, N.B. {Fowler's Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. {Say.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) Pii-ate's Cove, Canso, N.S. ; Brackley Point and Can tire, Prince Edward Island, and woods at Salt Lake, Anticosti; also Gaspe Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Low woods. Lake of the Woods, and Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. {Burgess.) Lake Mistassini, X. E. Ter., and Loon Strait, Lake Winni- peg. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in northern Ontario and westwai-d to the Eocky Mountains, from Castle Mountain westward to the Selkirk Summit at Ulacier; and westward to the (!old Eange and the moun- tains, on Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) Crow Xest Pass, Eocky Mountains, and Iltasyouco Eiver. B.C. {Dawson.) Cariboo Moun- tains, B.C. ; altitude 0000 feet. {Bowman.) Killisnow Island, Alaska. {Meehen.) Sitka, Ounalaskka, and Kotzebue Sound. {Rothr. Alask.) Canada to Slave Lake ; Observatory Inlet to Millbank Sound. {Book. Fl.) Var. alpestre, Haitm. Summit of Mount Albert, (iaspd, Q. ; altitude 4000 feet. {Macoun.) Crevices of rocks, Xain, coast of Labrador, {li. Bell.) Var. pungens, Spreng. This form has longer and sharper leaves than the preceding. Summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island ; altitude 5700 feet. {Macoun.) (3038.) L. sabineefolium, (Willd.) Hook. Fl. IL, 266. L. complanatwn, L. var. sahinxfolium, Gray Man., ed. V., 674. Nearly all our specimens are referred here as we have little of the L. alpinum that has the flattened stem of the European form. We believe Hooker correctly characterized this form when he said : — "foliis undique bnhricatis nunc quadrifariis (equalibus erectis tereti-subu- latis," and this sui'cly cannot be said of X. alpinum which has flattened stems and unequal leaves. Newfoundland. {Cormack.) Stanhope Eoad, Prince Edward Island; Summit of Mount Albert, Gaspe, Q. {Macoun^) Table Top Mountain, Gaspe, Q. {Porter.) Lake Mis- tassini, N. E. Ter. {J. M. Macoun.) Crane Lake, Muskoka, Ont. {Burgess.) Magpie Eiver, north of Lake Superior and westward ; 290 GEOLoarcAL sdevey op canada. Kicking Horse Lake, Eocky Mountains ; Selkirk Mountains around the Summit Pass ; on Portage La Loche, Lat 57° ; on the summits of Mount Mark and Mount Arrowsmith, Yancouver Island. {Macoun.) Banks of the Saskatchewan. (Hooker Fl.) West coast of Newfound- land. (J. Bell.) (3039.) L. clavatum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. IL, 261. Very common in damp woods throughout Canada. West coast of Newfoundland. (./. Bell.) Brigus, Newfoundland (R. Bell.) Windsor, Halifax, Truro and Pictou, N.S. (Somtner's Cat.) In dry woods, common in New Brunswick. (Fowler's Cat.) Common on Anticosti and Prince Edward Island, and along the Gasp^ Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Truro, N.S. ; and Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. (Burgess.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (It. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (./. M. Macoun.) Common in eastern and north-western Ontario. (Macoun.) Throughout Canada to the Sas- katchewan. (Hook. Fl.) Var. p. monostachyon, Hook. Fl. II., 267. Little Tobique Lakes, N.B., fsSi. (Hay.) Along Brackley Point Eoad, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) Blood-vein Eiver, Lake Winnipeg. (./. M. Macoun.) Eocky Mountains, north of Smoking River. (Hook. Fl.) Var. S. Hook. Fl. II., 267. Northwest America, from Observatory Inlet to Stikine. (Hook. Fl.) Eoadside, between Hastings and New Westminster, B.C., spikes four instead of two; Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3040.) L. complanatum, Linn.; Hook. Fl. IL, 267. West coast of Newfoundland. (J. Bell.) Halifax, Truro and Pictou, N.S. (Som7ner's Cat.) In dry woods; common in Kent Co., and at Campbellton, N.B. (Fowler's Cat.) Tobique Eiver, N.B. (Hay.) Salmon Eiver, N.B. (Wetmore.) In woods at Kingston, N.S.; at Cantire, Prince Edward Island, and along the Gasp^ Coast, Q. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Missinaibi Eiver, Ont. (R. Bell.) Lake Mistassini, N. E. Ter. (./. M. Macoun.) Crane Lake, Muskoka, Ont. (Burgess.) Very common in cool woods throuo'hout northern Ontario and westward to Lake Nepigon, and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 291 Kakabeka Falls, Ont., and Swan Lake, Man.; mossy woods at Castle Mountain, Eocky Mountains, and westward to the Selkirk and Gold ranges, B.C. {Macoun.) Wigwam River, and Dean or Salmon Kiver, B.C. {Dawson.) From Lake Huron to the Saskatchewan. {Hook. Fl.) Northwest coast. {Menzies.) Pine Grove near Blue Church Cemetery, Prescott ; and woodlands west of Brockville, Ont. ; not common. {Billings.) (3041.) L. alpinum, Linn. Elevated parts of the Rocky Mountains, Lat. r)2°-50°. {Dnimmond.) North of Griffin Lake on the summit of the Gold Range, B.C.; alti- tude (1500 feet. {Macoun.) We arc doubtful of even these specimens, and they may possibly belong to L. sabinwfolium, although the flattened stems and leaves of two sizes are like L. alpinum of Europe. CXXII. SELAGINELLACE^. 761. SELACINELLA BEAUV.) (3042.) S. spinosa, Beauv. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 698. S. selagmoidex, Link. ; Gray, Man., ed. V.,675. Lycopodium selaginddes, Linn. ; Hook. Fl. II., 267. Pursh Fl. II., 654. In wet grassy places along rivers and on mountains. Gunn River, Anticosti ; along the Madeline and Ste. Anne des Monts rivers, Gasp6, Q. {Macoun.) Mossy shore of Boundary Lake, Q. {Pringle.) Low shore at Saugeen, Ont. {Burgess.) Shore of the Bruce Peninsula at the Fishing Lakes ; very common along the north shore of Lake Superior and shores of Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; rather common on wet banks along all mountain streams from the Bow River at Morley to Bear Creek in the Selkirk Mountains. {Macoun.) Canada. {Michaux.) Along the Saskatchewan. {Drummond.) Ounalashka. {Rothr. Alask.) (3043.) S. rupestris, Spring. Lycopodium nipedre, Linn. ; Hook. FL, II., 267. Quite common on barren hills, in sand, on rocks, and high up oq mountains, especially westward. Keswick Ridge, N.B. {Fowler's Cat.) Vicinity of Ottawa. {Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Common at Chalk River on the Ottawa, also at Belleville, Hastings Co., and on Rice Lake Plains, 292 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. and barren hills in Murray Tp., ^Northumberland Co., Ont ; east coast of Lake ]S'epigon and on sand hills throughout the prairie region ; abun- dant on dry arid soil at ilorle}- and on the summits of the higher Hooky and Selkirk mountains ; Gold Eange, B.C. At home in the valley as well as on the mountain top. (Macoun.) On rocks, Lake of the Woods and Parry .Sound, Ont. (Burgess.) Eastern Summit of Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains. {Daicson.) North shore of Lake Superior. (Agassiz.) Rocks in Pine Gro\e, two miles from Prescott, near the river, and rocks west of Brockville, Ont. ; not uncommon. (Billings.) Var. /?., Hook. Lycopodium rupeitre, var. ,3., Hook. Fl. II., 267. Northwest America. (Douglas.) Observatory Inlet. (Dr. Scolder.) Abundant on rocks throughout Vancouver Island, and on the mainland of British Columbia west of the Coast Range. Branches much longer than in the eastern form and the leaves looser. (Macoun.) (3044.) S. a pus, Spring. Low marshy places along the base of " The Ilill '' at Belleville, and between it and the Grand Junction Railway ; very abundant in wet sandy soil, Presqu'Ile Point, Lake Ontario ; low marshy ground, Owen Sound, and Red Bay, Lake Huron. (Macoun.) Vicinity of Ottawa. (Fletcher Fl. Ott.) Springy, grassy places, London, and Komoka, Ont. (Burgess.) 762. ISOETES, Linn. (QUILLWORT.) (3045.; I. lacustris, Linn.; Hook. Fl. II., 268. Saskatchewan. (Drummvnd.) St. Francis Lakes, Q. (Pringle.) River St. Marie at the head of the Canal. ISfiO. (Macoun.) (304C.) I. echinospora, Durieu. Var. Braunii, Engelm. In water along the borders of lakes chiefly in the Laurentian dist- ricts. Rather common in Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Shelburne, N.S. (./. P. James.) In Partridge Lake, Anglesea, Addington Co., Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinitj' of Quebec. (Pringle.) gATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 293 Vav. •? Abundant in Sproat Lake and Somas Eiver at Alberni, west side of Vancouver Island, Aug., 1887. (Maeoun.) (3047.) I. Tuckermani, A. Braun. In water at the outlet of Potter's Lake, North Sydncj', Cape Breton. {Macoun & Burgess.) (3048.) I. Bolanderi, Engelm. Abundant in a marshj pond on the Indian Eeservation at Kaniloops, B.C. It was partly in and partly out of water. This is considered slightly different from true J. Bolanderi by Prof. Underwood. Quite common in Shushwap Lake at Sicamous, B.C. (Macoun.) (3049.) I. riparia, Engelm. Var. Canadensis, Engelm, In Crow Eiver. immediately above the dam at Marmoi-a Iron Works, Hastings Co. ; also in Gull Eiver at the head of Mud-turtle Lake, Victoria Co., Ont. (Macoun.) (3050.) I. Nuttallii, A. Braun. in herb. Very common on rocky springy ground near the Half-way House between Nanaimo and Wellington Mine, Vancouver Island, June 1887. (Macoun.) (3051.) I. maritima, Underwood, Bot. Gaz. XIII. 94. N. Sp. " Amphibious or mostlj' terrestrial ; root-stock small, only slightly bilobed ; leaves 8-15, rigid, green, 2-5 cm. long, 15 mm. wide, with abundant stomata ; sporangia oval 4 mm. long, 2'5 mm. wide, brownish white, covered one-third to one-half by the velum ; ligule small incon- spicuous ; macrospores 0.42 — 0.48 mm. thick, densely spinulo.se, the spines somewhat blunt, but rarely confluent ; microspores white, smooth, 0.032—0.035 mm. thick." Salt marshes, Alberni Canal below Alberni, Vancouver Island, Aug. 1887. (Macoun.) CXXIV. MAESILIACE.E. 763. MARSILIA, Linn. (3052.) M. vestita, Hook. & Grev. Abundant on desiccated ground at the north end of the Cypress Hills, Alberta; also on sandy soil, covered occasionally with water, on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. (Macoun.) 294 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3053.) M. mucronata, A. Bi-aun. MSS. Am. Joui-n. Sci. 2nd. Sen Vol. UL, 55. In pools on the open prairie east of the Hand Hills, Alberta, Aug. 8th, 1879. (Macoun.) CXXY. SALVmiACE^. 764. AZOLLA, Lam. (3054.) A. Caroliniana, Willd.; Hook. Fl. U., 268. Floating on the still waters of Lake Ontario. (Pursh.) In water near Burlington Beach, Hamilton, Ont. (Logie, Buchan.) Very abundant in still water at Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake ; and in pools along the C. P. Ej. between the bridge at Sicamous and the first crossing of Eagle Eiver, B.C. (^Macoun.') Additions and Corrections to Parts I-IV. PART I. 2. ANEMONE. (3055.) A. Oregana, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 308. A. nemorosa, Linn. var. (?) Macoun, Cat. III., 478. When compiling Part III., I separated the western form of A. nemorosa from the eastern one, being satisfied that it was a distinct variety. Since then Dr. Gray has erected it into a new species under the above name. All references in Part III. belong here. Not un- common in low damp woods in the southern part of Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 765. ANEMONELLA, Spach. (19.) A. thalJctroides, Spach.; Gray Man. ed. VI., 39. (1890.) All references under Thalictrum anemonoides, Part I., 14 & III., 478, belong here. 3. THALICTRUM. (3056.) T. minus, Linn. Var. Kemense, Trelease, Proced. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII., 300. Alaska. {Trelease.) (22.) T. polygamum, Muhl.; Gray, Man. ed. VI., 39. (1890.) T. Comuli, Macoun, Cat., I., 15. 296 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. There is still much confusion regarding the distribution of this species and T. purpurascens. Collectors would confer a favor by gathering fruit as well as flowers. " This species is never glandular, so that all specimens with glandular pubescence are apparently refer- able to T. purjiurascens." (SOST.) T. venulosum, Trelease, Proced. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., XXIII., 3(12. " Glabrous and glaucous, the stem, petioles and sepals purple-tinted, the foliage typically pale or whitened. Stem simple, erect, 7-20 inches high. Stem leaves 2-3, long petioles, 3-4 ternate. Leaflets approximated, short stalked, moderately firm, rounded and lobed at the apex as in T. dioicum, the lower surface rugose-veiny. Panicle simple, narrow, its short erect branches few-flowered. Flowers dioecious, small. Sepals ovate. Stamens 10-20, on slender filaments; anthers oblong, slender-pointed. Achenia about eight, nearly sessile, 4 mm. long, ovoid tapering into a straight beak ; thick-walled and otherwise similar to those of T. dioicum except that they are two-edged and commonly with one less groove on each side. Stigma sagittate. Seed ovid, pointed at one end, 1X2 mm., filling the ovary." British America. (Franklin Expedition.) Saskatchewan region. {Bourgeau. ) On the Nechacco River, Northern British Columbia, 1S75. {Macoun.) 4. MYOSURUS. (25.) M. minimus, Linn. Var. lepturus, Gray. M. minimu.% Macoun, Cat, I., 15 & III., 479 in part. All references to Vancouver Island specimens are placed here. This species is quite common in the neighbourhood of Victoria, Van- couver Island, in damp spots in pasture fields. Dr. Gray places this variety under M. apetalus, Gay, but I prefer Prof. Greene's opinion in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, xiii., 61, that it should be placed under M. minimus. (26.) M. apetalus, Gay. ; Gray, Torr. Bull. Bot. Club, XIII., 2. Eeferences under M. aristatus, Part I., 15 & III., 479, belong here. 5. RANUNCULUS. (3058.) R. circinatus, Sibth. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 40 (1890.) Eeferences under H. aquatilis. Linn., var. stagnatilis, Part I., 16, belong here. In ponds at Agassiz, and on the Reservation at Kam- loops, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 29*7 (28.) R. aquatilis, Linn. ; Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad, XIII., 363. All references under JR. hederaceus, Part I., 15, and under B. aquatilis, var. heterophyllns, Part III., 479, belong here. Quite common in many- parts of Vancouver Island, especially at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Nanaimo, and Salt Spring Island, Gulf of Geoi'gia; also at Agassiz and by a pond on the mountain south of Spence'.s Bridge, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) True R. hederaceus has been collected by the Rev. A. Waghornc on Newfoundland. (29.) R. multifidus, Pursb, var. terrestris, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 41 (1890.) References under R. multifldm, Pursh, var. ft. Part I., IG, belong here. On mud, Bonaparte River, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Shore of Griffin Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) (3059.) R. reptans, Linn. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 16. E. ilamrmda, Linn., var. reptans, Meyer; Macoun, Cat., I., 17. We agree with Dr. Britton in going back to the old name for this species and hence would place all our specimens of R. Flammula var. reptans under this name. (31.) R. Flammula, Linn., var. intermedius, Hook. Fl. I., li: Gravelly or muddy margins .of streams. Donald, Columbia Valley, 1885; Griffin Lake, Gold Range; Kamloops, Agassiz, Port Haney, Hastings, and Lulu Island, B.C., 1889; also frequent on Vancouver Island. 1887. {Macoun.) (3060.) R. natans, C. E. Meyer. To this species must be referred all the specimens included in R. imiltifidus, var. ;/. repens, Part I., 16, & III., 480. Albion Road, Prince Edward Island, 1888 ; Bonaparte River, and Griffin Lake, Gold Range, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (3061.) R. Eschscholtzii, Schlecht. Hook. Fl. L, 18. , All references under R. nivalis var. Eschscholtzii, Watson, Part I., 20, & III., 480, belong here. Common on Mount Queest, and other summits of the Gold Range, B.C., at an altitude of 5000 to 7000 feet, 1889. (Macoun.) 20 298 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3062.) R. acriformis, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 374. J?, acris, Hook. Fl. I., 18, in part. " A foot high, strict, with pubescence in good part appressed ; leaves all palmately or pedately and deeply 3-5 parted or even divided, and often again 2-3 cleft into narrow lanceolate or linear segments or lobes > petals orbicular-obovate, one-fourth inch long, hardly double the length of the spreading calyx ; akenes over a line long ; beak of half their length." Northern Eocky Mountains, Lat. 58°. (Drummond vide Gray.) (3063.) R. hispidus, Michx. ; partly DC. R. repeng, Linn., var. hispidus, Terr. & Gray ; Macoun, Cat. I., 21. All the specimens of our native forms referred to R. repeiis var. hispidus, belong here, or to the next. Dr. Graj^ in his last revision placed the species after R. Pennsylvanicus, which is evidently its proper place. At present it is rather difficult to separate specimens of this form from R. septentrionahs, Poii-., and it is vei'y desirable that all Canadian collectors get good fruiting specimens of what we formerly included in R. repens and its varietj-. . Our specimens of R. hispidus are as below. Mouth of Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior ; Pheasant Plain, Man. ; Eed Deer Eiver, near Hand Hills, Alberta ; along the Columbia River at Donald ; at Kamloops. Agassiz, and Port Haney, B.C. (Macomi.) Wigwam Eiver, B.C. (Dawson.) (3064.) R. septentrlonalis, Poir. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 43. (1890.) Nearly all the synonymy placed under R. repens var. hispidtis by me in Part I., page 20 of this Catalogue is transferred to this species by Dr. Gray, so that nearly all the localities for the former species may possibly belong to this, which ranges from New Brunswick to Mani- toba. Our specimens of it are as tjelow. In low ground along streams, in alluvium. Campbellton, N.B. (Chalmers.') Cbipman, N.B. (Wet- more.) 'Whycocogmah, Cape Breton ; Black Eiver, Prince Edward Island; Becscie Eiver, Anticosti; Madeline Eiver, Gasp^, Q. ; Cold Creek Valley, near Wooler, Ont. (Macoun.) Vicinity of London, Ont., and xAw. nitidm, Part I., 22, from London. (Burgess.) (3065.) E. HEBBCARPDS, Hook. & Arn. Introduced in ballast on th« wharves at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 299 (51.) R, occidentalis, Nutt. ; Gray, Pioced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 372 ; Macoun, Cat., I., 22. M. Ntisoni, Gray ; Macoun, Cat., I., 22. Dr. Gray in his late revision take.s R. occidentalis as tlie type of a multiform species and places the following varieties under it. Vai-. robustus, Gray, 1. c, 373. R. occidadalis. Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VIII., 374. A span to a foot or more in height, stout-stommed and ample-leaved, large flowered. Chiefly Alaskan. (Gray.) Our specimens are from Queen Charlotte Islands, 1878 (-Daicson), and Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. Lyalli, Gray, 1. c. This variety has rather large thin leaves, short peduncles and petals not longer than the calyx. Valley of Flathead River, Eocky Moun- tains ; mountains, south of Tulameen River, B.C. 1888. (Dawson.) Mountains, north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) Var. tenellus, Gray, 1. c. R. Nelsoni var. iaiellw, Gray; Alacoun, Cat, I., 22. Slender, sometimes tall and with long internodes, often glabrate ; leaves simpler and smaller. Common on Vancouver Island and west of the Coast Range, B.C. (Macoun.) (2099.) R. PARVULus, Linn.; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIII., 878. R. murkatUrt, Macoun, Cat., 111., 481. " Akenes smooth and even or at length sprinkled with some scattered pa^iilliB, especially towards the margin." In B. muricatus the akenes are strong-beaked, tuberculate or echinalc. Only station known St. John's, N.B. (JIay.) lO. DELPHINIUM. ((56.) D. scopulorum. Gray, var. glaucum, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XII., 52. jD. scopvlorum, Gray ; Macoun, Cat., I., 25, in part. All oui- Eocky Mountain specimens are of this variety. Mountains north of Finlayson Lake, N.W.T., Lat. 61°, 1887. (Dawson.) 300 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 29. NYMPH/EA. (3066.) N. tetragona, Georgi, Reiseim.Enss. Eeichs, I., 220. (1775.) Caslalia tetragona, Lawson, Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., VI., sec. iv., 112. C. pygmxa, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t., 68. Xymphxa pygmsea. Ait. Hort. Kew., ed. 2., III., 293. Dr. Britten of Columbia College, New York, after a careful examina- tion of all available specimens has satisfied himtielf that this species is quite distinct from i\\ odoroia var. minor, Sims. He says : — " The plant may at once be distinguished from the eastern N. odorota var. minor, by the oblong leaves, sometimes nearly twice as long as broad, with narrow, acutish lobes, and the flower.s still smaller with 7 to 8 rayed stigma." Misinaibi Eiver, Northern Ontario, 1879. (R. Bell.) In ponds along the Severn River, Keewatin, 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) (93.) N. reniformis, DC; Gray, Man., Ed. VI., 56. (1890.) References under N. tuberosa, Paine ; Gray, Man., ed. V., 56 (1867) ; Macoun, Cat., I., 31, belong here. 30. NUPHAR, Smith. (9*1.) Nuphar ad vena, Ait. f. var minus, Morong. References under JV. luteum, Smith, var. (?) Part I., 23, belong here. 766. STYLOPHORUM, Nutt. (3067.) S. diphyllum, Nutt. (Celandine Poppy.) Damp woods, from Plover Mills to Thorndale, Middlesex Co., Ont., 15th Ma}-, 1887. (B. Elliott.) Near London, Ont. (Dearness.) 40. NASTURTIUM. (115.) N. palustre, DC. Var. Our specimens placed here agree exactly with Suksdorff's plant col- lected May 4th, 1885, and distributed with the above name. The long pods, over half an inch long, with stiff branching stem and deep fusi- form root distinguish it from all other forms of -iV. palustre in our pos- session. Our specimens aie from Port Haney, and Agassiz in the lower Q'.TALOGHE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 301 valley of the Fraser Eiver, B.C. The same form was collected on Van- couver Island, near Cedar Hill, in 1887. Other specimens approaching these were collected in muddy places at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (3068.) N. obtusum, Xutt.; Ton-. & Gray, Fl. I., 74. This plant has heen received from the United States as N. lyratum, Palmer, Col. 1870, No. 12, and as N. obtusum, Palmer, Col. 1877, No. 33. The plant in question is only about four inches high and branches from the root. Growing in ground subject to overflow, Thompson Eiver, Kamloops, B.C., 1889; also at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 42. CARDAMINE. (.3069.) C. Lyallii, Wat., Proc. Am. Acad., XIV., 466. C. cordifolia, Wat., Bot. King. Kxp., 19, in part; Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad., Vin., 376; Torr. Bot. "Wilkes, 299. " Glabrous ; stem ei'ect from a running root-stock, simple or branched, a foot or two high; leaves few (4 to 8), petiolate, undivided, reniform to cordate, the mai-gin sinuate, 1 to 3 inches broad ; raceme pedun- culate ; flowers white ; pods one inch long or less, on spreading pedicels, rather shortly alternate to a very short style, radicle cleft to the middle." On the southern borders of British Columbia. (Lyall.) (125) C. Douglasii, (Torr.) Hritton, Trans. New York, Acad. Sci., IX., 7. {ISti'.K) C. rotundifolia, var. purpurea, Macoun, Cat., I., 40. I entirely agree with Dr. Britton in raising this plant to the i-ank of a species. It now takes the place of C. rotundifolia and its variety in Part I., 40 of this catalogue, references under C. rotundifolia going under G. rhomboidea, while those under C. rotundifolia var. purpurea,^ go here. (129.) C. pratensis, Linn., var. occidental is, Watson. In springs in deep shade above the railway bridge at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, June 3rd, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. angustifolia, Hook. Finlayson Eiver, Lat. 61°, N.W.T., July 18th, 1887. (Bajcson.) Cape Chudleigh, Ashe's Bay, Upper Savage Islands and Digges Island, 302 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Hudson Sti-ait. (B. Bell.) The specimens collected by Dr. Bell were referred to C. pratensis in Part III., page 480. Since then, specimens received from Greenland, have shown that these are the variety with bright purple flowers. (130.) C. hirsuta, Linn., var. montana. This is a very distinct form and seems to be closely related to C. sylvatica, but differs from that species in growing on mountains and in wet places. Tt approaches C. oligosperma in having its leaflets almost petioled. The specimens hitherto referred to C. hirsuta var. sylvatica, and collected in the Eoeky and Selkiik mountains, belong here. Com- mon on the wet slopes of Mount Queest and other high mountains in the Gold Eange, ncai- Griffin Lake, B.C., altitude 6000-7000 feet. (Macoun.) Another form near the coa.st at Biirmid Inlet has also been referred to 0. hirsuta, var. sylvatica, but it cannot be that species as it differs in manj- minor points besides growing in wet ditches. (3070.) C. flexuosa, With.; Britton, Trans. N.Y. Acad., IX., 8. (1889.) C. hirstita, Linn., var. »ylmtica, Graj', Man., ed. V., 67 (1867) ; Macoun, Cat., I., 41. Dr. Bi-itton says of this species : — " So far as I have observed, its habitat is on rocky banks in more or less shaded woodlands ; that of C. hirsuta being either actually in the water or in very moist situations. It appears to be a smaller plant than C. hirsuta, with a decidedly iiesiious stem, the leaves smaller and with narrower divisions." Our knowledge of this species agrees exactly with that of Dr. Britton, and we have no hesitation in changing the names as above. Our specimens are from "dry rocks," close to Shannonville Station on the G.T.E., Hastings Co., Ont., 1864; and Island Portage, Dawson Eoute west of Lake Superior, 1872. (Macoun.) 767. PLATYSPERMUM, Hook. (3071.) P. scapigerum, Hook. On open slopes. Mount Pinlayson, Goldstream, Vancouver Island, May 18th, 1887. (Macou?i.) CATVLOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 303 43. ARABIS. (3072.) A. humifusa, (J. Yahl.) Watson. ApetTita, Lam.; ilacoun, Cat., I., 42, in part. Greenland and Aictic Islands. The Lake Superior reference in Part I., goes to A. lyrata, and the Rocky Mountains ones to Sisymbrium humile. Var. pubescens, Watson. Gravelly shores of Hudson and James bays. West coast of Hudson Bay, near mouth of Severn River, Lat. 50", August lOtli, 1886; Soutli Twin Island, James Bay, July I'lth, 18ST. (./. M. Macoun.) York Factory, Hudson Bay. (B. Bell.) (132.) A. lyrata, Linn., var. occidentalis, Watson. A. pelriea, Lam. var. ambigua, Kegel. Dr. Watson has made the above change, and this form is now evi- dently in its proper place. Apparently quite common in the northern part of British Columbia. A specimen received from the British Museum and labelled A. lyrata (no locality) is this variety. (30T.3.) A. Lemmoni, Wat, l^roc. Am. Acad., XIV.,4(J7. A. canescens and var. latifolia, Wat., Bot. King. Exp., 16, and Bet. Calif., I., .32, IL, 431 ; Macoun, Cat, III., 487. " Perennial, low (a span high oi- less), glaucous, hoary below with fine densely stellate pubescence, the stems several from a branching caudex, slender, glabrous above ; lower leaves spatulate-oblanceolate, rarely with one or two teeth, 0 to 9 lines long, the petiole sometimes ciliate, the cauline oblong-lanceolate, auriculate, mostly glabrous or nearly so; flowers small, rose-colored, the sepals pubescent; pods ascending or widely spreading on short pedicels (1 to 3 lines), glabrous, curved, 1 to 2 inches long by g ot a line wide, more or less attenuate to a sessile stigma or short style ; seeds in one row, orbicular, narrowly winged." Mountains in the Bow River Pass, Sept. 13, 1879; on the sum- mit of Canmore Mountain, Rocky Mountains, June 27, 1885. (Macoun.) (3074.) A. conflnis, Wat., Proc. Amer. Acad., XIV., 466. A. Isangata, Hooli. Fl. Bor.-Am., I., 43. TurHtis glabra and var. ,3, Torr. & Gray, FI. 1., 78, and 666. T. brachycarpa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 79. T. slricia, Torr. Fl. N.Y., I., 53, not Grali. ; Gray, Gen. 111., L, 144, t. 59. A. Drummondii, Gray, Man., ed. V., 69 (1807) ; Macoun, Cat. I., 43, in part. 304 GEOLOGICAL SURTET OF CANADA. " Biennial, rarely somewhat glaucous ; stems erect, one or several, usually simple, 1 to 3 feet high ; lower leaves oblanceolate, usually dentate, finely stellate-pubescent or sometimes glabrous, the cauline oblong to linear-lanceolate, auriculate ; flowers white or pinkish; pods more or less spreading or sub-erect, a line broad or less, straight or slightly curved, usually more or less attenuate above and beaked; seeds small, narrowly oblong, winged." This includes all A. Drummondii and var. brachycarpa from the Atlantic to the Rocky Mountains. (138.) A. Drummondii, Gray. Only the P.oiky Mountains and westward are included in the range of this species. Fine specimens were collected at Kamloops, Spence's Bridge and Lytton, B.C., in the summer of 1889. {Macoun.) - (SOTS.) A. Columbiana. Ecsembing A. arcuata in the shape of the pods, but differing very much in general appearance. The pods are longer and are exactly sickle-shaped, and the pedicel is shorter ; flowers white, calyx almost smooth, but occasional!}' with a few branching hairs which are more numerous on the leaves and stem, especially towards the base; leaves at the foot of the stem slightly toothed and tapering into a petiole, those of the stem sessile and often cla.sping. It may be designated a winter annual as its seeds are ripe early in May. Quite common on the lower slopes of the mountains bordering the Thompson and Fraser rivers from Spence's Bridge to Yale, B.C. First detected May 19, 1875. {Macoun.) (2101.) A. canescens, Nutt. On mountain slopes in the dry region of British Columbia, Cherry Bluif, near Kamloops, and throughout the Nicola Valley. (^Datcson.) Along the ■ mountain slopes at Yale, Lytton, Spence's Bridge, and Kamloops, B.C. {Macoun.} 46. SISYMBRIUM. (IST.) S. humile, C. A.Meyer; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 71. (1890.) Aral/is pelnea, jMacoun, Cat, I., 42, & III., 486. Since Parts I. & III. of my catalogue were published. Dr. Watson has carefully looked into the various specimens of A. petrcea sent from Canada, and has referred most of them as above. It follows therefore that almost all references to A. petrcea in Parts I. & III. must be con- sidered cancelled. See A. humifusa. i,ATALOQUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 305 (307fi.) S. siNAPiSTRTJM, Oantz. S. Pannonicum, Jseg. This species has been introduced in a number of places along the line of the Canadian ]pacific Eailway. Castle Mountain, Rocky Moun- tains, 1885. (Macoun.) Near Nepigon Bridge, Lake Superior, 18S(). {Fletcher.) At Port Arthur, Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, 1889. {Dr. Britton.) On an embankment along the C. P. Ey., about 300 yards west of Burketon station, 45 miles east of Toronto, 1889. {W. Scott.) 51. DRABA. (173.) D. Fladnizensis, Wulf. ; Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 258. Eeferences under JJ. androsacea, Part I., 51, belong liere. (ITe.) D. incana, Linn. var. arabisans, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., (57. (1890.) D.arahimns,M\ch-s.; Macoun, Cat., I.,52 ; Gray, Man., ed. V., 71. (1867.) Draba incana is described in Gray's new manual as having oblong to lanceolate pods which are generally acute and straight and often ^^M^e- scent, while those of var. arabisans are glabrous, acuminate or acute and twisted. 54. LESQUERELLA, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 249. (187.) L. Ludoviciana, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 252. Vesicaria Ludoriciana, DC. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 54, in part. All the prairie references in Part I., belong here. The specimens from British Columbia to the next. Var. arenosa, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 252. Ve.nca7-ia arrnout, Kichards. in Frank. Journ., 26. Watson places this in the Saskatchewan region, but if V. arenosa is a correct reference, then its habitat is "on a hill 700 feet high at Bear Lake Eiver," Lat. 65°. This is the station mentioned by Eichardson in Hooker's Flora, Bor. Am., I., 48. 306 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. (3077.) L. Douglasii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 255. Vesicaiia Ludmnciana, Macoun, Cat, I., 54, in part. " Eesembling Zi. Ludoviciana, but the pods smaller, obovate and very obtuse, erect upon s^preuding pedicels, and the cells onlj' 2-ovuled ; lower leaves sometimes ovate upon a narrow petiole." On the Colum- bia Eiver east of the Cascade Mountains. {Lyall.) Similkameen Vallej^ B.C., June 23rd, 1877. (Dawson.) (188.) L. arctica, Watson. Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 254. Vincaria arctica, Richards ; JIacoun, Cat., I., 54, in part. All the northern references belong here. Var. Purshii, Watson, Proced. Amer. Acad., XV., 254. Vencaria urctica, Macoun, Cat., I., 54, in part, & III., 490. Pod somewhat pubescent ; septum complete. Island of Anticosti, Q. {Sheppard in Torr. & Gray.) Very common in the valley of Jupiter Eiver, Anticosti, near the sea. {Macoun.') 59. SUBULARIA. (196.) S. aquatica, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. I., 55. Quite common in Muskoka Lake, Ont. (JDr. Britton.) In abun- dance along the shallow mai-gin of Sproat Lake, near Alberni on the west side of Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 61. THLASPI. (:5078.) T. PERPOLIAT0M, Linn.; Hooker, Student's Flora, 41. (1S84.) Growing on a cold, wet, spring}- bank, Duudas Eavine, near Hamilton, Ont. " Must be introduced, but I cannot yet make out how it got where I found it." {Burgess.) 70. POLANISIA, Raf. (3079.) P. trachysperma, Torr. & Gray, Man., ed. VL, 75. (1890.) P. graveohns, Raf. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 59, & III., 491. All the stations recorded under P. graveolens from the North-west Territories, in Parts I. & III., pages 59 & 491 , belong to this species. The C/TALOQUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 307 two forms can be easily separated by their stamens. In this species they are long exserted, while in F. graveolens they scarcely exceed the petals. CXVII. EESEDACEJ^;. Mignonette Family. 716. RESEDA, Tourn. (DYER'S ROCKET.) (.3080.) R. ALBA, Linn. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 45. (1884.) Growing in abundance at the wharf and by the roadside at Sicamous, C. P. Ry., B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) 74. SOLEA, Spreng., in part. (225.) S. concolor, Ging. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 31. (1890.) References umlci- hmidium concolor, Benth. & Hook , Fart I., 61, belong here. 75. VIOLA. (228.) V. primulaefolia, Linn, vai. occidentalis, Gray, Bot. Gaz. XL, 255. V. Nvttallii, var. Hngwr/olia, Macoun, Cat., III., 493. A form with ovate or spatulate-oblong leaves all tapering at base. Rocky places by a brook on a shady hill side, western summit of the North Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains, 1883. (Dawson.') (229.) V. blanda, Willd., var. palustriformis, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 79. (1890.) V. blanda, Macoun, Cat., I., G2, in part. Specimens having the upper surface of the leaves, sparsely and finely hairy, are referred here. North Bay, Lake Nipissing, Ont., 1889. (Dr. Britton.) Sandy river margin, Lake Nepigon. (Macoun). Var. renifolia, Gray, Man., ed. VL, SO. (1890.) References under V. renifolia, Gray, Part I., G2, belong here. (235.) V. palmata, Linn.; Gray, Man., od. VL, 79. Specimens referred to V. cucullata, Ait., var. palmata, Gray, Part I., 63, belong hei-e. 308 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. Var. cucullata, Gray, Man., ed. YI., T9. (1890.) Specimens i-eferred to V. cucullata, Ait., and V. cucullata var. cor- data, Gray, Part I., 62, 63, belong here. (238.) V. Langsdorffii, Fisch. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 63. In wet places and swamps, at Nanaimo and Mount Finlayson, Van- couver Island, 188". (^Macoun.) Marshes, Burnaby Lake, near Hastings, B.C., 1889. (./. M. Macoun.) (2108.) V. pedatiflda, G. Don. ; Gray, Man., ed. YI., T9. (1890.) Specimens referred to V. delphinifolia, Nutt, Part III., 493, belong here. (240.) V. canina, L., var. puberula, Wat. in herb. ; Gray, Man., ed. YI., 81. (1890.) Keferences under V. canina, var. rupestris, Eegel., Part I., C4 & III., 493, belong here. (243.) V. pubescens, Ait., var. glabriuscula, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XI., 291. Specimens leferred to var. scabriuscula, T. & G., Pai-t I., 64, according to Gray should be called var. glabriuscula, as the plant is not really scabious. (3081.) V. praemorsa, Dougl. ; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL. 289. F. HutUtUii, var. prurmorsa, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. I., 65- All the specimens collected on Vancouver Island belong here. 769. TUNICA, Scop. (3082.) T. Saxifraqa, Scop. " Has been introduced in gardens at London, Ont., and become quite a troublesome weed. Specimens were sent to me by Mr. Dearncss, of London, Ont., which I referred to Dr. Watson." {Burgess.) 770. CYPSOPHILA, Linn. (3083.) G. PANiCFLATA, Linn. Introduced at Emerson, Manitoba. July 4th, 1887. (Prof. Fowler.) CA-^ALOatTE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 309 77. SILENE. (255.) S. Cdcubalus, Wibel; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 84. (1890.) Eeferenees under S. inflata, Smith, Part 1., 6T, belong here. (256.) S. Douglasii, Hook. Fl. I., 88; Macoun, Cat., I., 67. This 8pecies was gathered in small quantity on the summit of Mount Benson, near Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, altitude 3000 feet, June 8th, 1887. (Macoun.) (2109.) S. multicaulis, Nutt. ? Specimens identical with Howell's Oregon specimens distributed under the above name were collected on the western side of Nicola Lake, June 7th, 1889. (jlfacown.) I am still of opinion that my Eocky Mountain Lychnis data is cither that species or a new one. It is certainly not a Silene. 81. ARENARIA. (292.) A. physodes, DC; Macoun, Cat., I., 73, & III., 292. Yukon River, N.W.T., Lat. 62° ; and Pelly Banks, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.') 82. STELLARIA. (3084.) S. AQUATicA, Scopoli; Hooker, Student's Flora, 61. (1884.) Roadsides and ditches at Stratford, Ont. Introduced. July 19tb, 1886. (Burgess.) 83. CERASTIUM. (309.) C. arvense, Linn., var. oblongifolium, HoU. &Britt.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 88. (1890.) References under C. oblongifolium, Ton-., Part I., 77, belong here. 81. BUDA, AdnS. (Spergidaria.) (.519.) B. marina, Dumort; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 89. (1890.) Tusa marina, Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 126. Spergidaria media, Macoun, Cat. I., S5. 310 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Owing to our imperfect knowledge of this genus, our specimens were in some cases placed under the wrong species, but all have lately been examined by Dr. Britton, and we here repeat the localities of our herbarium specimens for each species of the genus. Salt marshes, St. John, KB. X'^Iatthews.) Annapolis, N.S. {Prof . Fowler.') Bracldsh sands along the coast at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; North Sydney, Cape Breton ; Pictou, N.S. ; salt lake, west of Long Lake, and Old Wives' Lakes, Assiniboia ; salt marsh, Kamloops, and shore of Burrard Inlet, B.C. ; on wet sand. Oak Bay and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.') (321.) B. borealis, Watson; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 90. (1890.) Tiisa saliw, Britt., Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 129. Spergtilaria salina, Macoun, Cat. I., SO. Salt marshes, coast of Kent Co., N.B. {Prof. Fowler.) Gravelly beach, below high-water mark, St. Ci'oix River, St. Stephen, N.B. ( Vrooni.) Salt mar-shes, Brackley Point, and Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island ; Becscie River, Antieosti, and Rostigouche River, Que. (Macoun.) (3084.) B. marotheca, Fisch. & Meyer. Ti.<^a macrotheca, Britt.. Bull. Torr. Bot Club, XVI., 129. Coast of Vancouver Island, at Beacon Hill and Oak Bay, near Vic- toria. (Fletcher, Macoun, Newcoinbe.) Crevices of rocks washed by the sea, Barclay Sound, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (320.) B. rubra, Dumort; Graj-, Man., ed. VI., 89. (1800.) TUsa rubra, Britt., BuU. Torr. Bot. Club, XVI., 127. ijpergvlaria rubra, Presl ; Macoun, Cat. I., 80 Bass River, N.B. (Prof. Fowler.) Halifax, N S., and North Sydney, Cape Breton ; roadsides near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) 92. CLAYTONIA. (3086.) C. parviflora, Dougl. ; Hook. Fl. I., 225. C. pcrfoliata var. panAflora, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat, I., 83. Distinguished from C. perfoliata by its spatulate to filiform-linear radical leaves, and its flowers scattered in a loose raceme on slender pedicels. Abundant at Goldsti-eam, Vancouver Island, amongst gravel. May 18th, 1887. (Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 311 Var. depressa, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 281. On river banks, probably sand-washes, British Columbia to Oregon. (Gray.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Abundant on gravel banks at Cedar Hill, Goldstream, Cowichan Eiver, Nanaimo ami Qualicura, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (3087.) C. arctica, M. F. Adams. Extends from the Alaskan shores and islands to adjacent Asia. (Dr, Gray, in Proced. Amer. Acad. Sci., XIV., 279.) (3088.) C. tuberosa, Pall. Mainly Asiatic, but has been found at Plover Bay by Rothrock ; and Muir collected it somewhere in Arctic Alaska. (Dr. Gray I.e.) (3089.) C. asarifolia, Bongard, Veg., Sitch, 137. C. Sibirica, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 81.', in part. I)r. Gray says this species ranges from the Rocky Mountains in Montana and Idaho to Sitka. Coldwater River, B.C., June 14th, 1877. (^Baicson.) Cedar Hill, Goldstream, and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (334.) C. spathulata, Dougl. ; Hook. Fl. I, 226. C perfoliata, var. .tjmthtUata, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 83. C. gypiophiloiden, Fisch. & Meyer. Small, but comparatively large-flowered, an inch to a span high; cauline leaves from lanceolate-ovate to narrowly lanceolate, rarely connate into a round peltate or cupulata disk. Viciuity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 187(5. (Dawson.) Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmie, Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) Var. tenuifolia, Gray, Proced. Amor. Acad., XIV., 282. C exigua, Torr. & Gray; Macoun, Cat., I., 83. This has the cauline leaves narrowly linear, and is easily separated from the species by this character alone. Cedar Hill, and Mount Tolmie, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1875. (Macoun.) (337.) C. sarmentosa, Bongard, Veg. Sitch., 137. Dr. Gray says of this species : — "It would seem to be a species inter- mediate in certain respects between C. jjarvifolia and C. Chamissonis 312 GEOLOGICAL SUBVET OF CANADA. with the alternate leaves of the former, and these broadly ovate, obo- vate or the radical rotund, the larger of the latter with a blade half an inch long." Specimens collected in the valley of Eagle River at Griffin Lake in the Gold Range, were exactly the same as those found on the coa.st 350 miles to the west, an 1 identical with all our other specimens of C. parvifoUa; but those gathered in the bed of the same stream, at an altitude of 6500 feet, were altogether different and undoubted C. sar- mentosa, as the species is defined b}- Dr. Gray. In addition to his character, I may remark that all the stems are more or less curved and produce bulblets in the axils. 771. TALINUM, Adns. (3090.) T. spinescens, Ton-., Bot., Wilkes, 250. Mountain slopes west of Stump Lake, B.C. Alt. 3400 feet. Aug. 1888. (Dawson.) 93. CALANDRINIA. (3091.) C. Columbiana, Howell. (1886.) Abundant in crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet, July 17th, 1887. (Macoun.) The plant collected by Lyall on the boundary- of British Columbia is now referred to this species by Mr. T. Howell. 97. HYPERICUM. (343.) H. Ascyron, Linn. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz. XL, 83. References under M. pyramidatnm, Ait., Part I., 84, belong here. (347.) H. maculatum, AYalter; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 107. References under M. corymbosum, Muhl., Part I., 85, belong hei-c. (349.) H. Canadense, Linn. var. minimum, Chois. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 110. B. anagalloides, Macoun, Cat I., 85. Dwarf 1 to 3 inches high, simple, few-flowered ; leaves oblong, obtuse, 4 to 5 lines long, a line or two wide, smaller and more crowded below. Wet springy places, Cypress Hills, Assiniboia, Aug. 8th; 1 880. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 313 (350.) H. formosum, HBK. var. Scouleri, Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XI., 108. Eeferences under H. Scouleri, Hook., Part I., 85, belong here. (331.) H. anagalloides, Cliam. k. Schlecht; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 109. In ditches and wot gravelly places. Mount Fin layson, 10 miles from Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.^ Common at Nanaimo, Qualieum, Comox and Home Lake, Vancouver Island ; Lulu Island, mouth of Fraser Eiver, and Burrard Inlet at Hastings, B.C. (^Macoun.) 98. ELODES, Adns. (353.) E campanulata, Pursh. ; Coulter, Bot. Gaz., XL, 111. References under E. Virginica, Nutt., Pari I., 86, belong here. 89. MALVA. (3092.) M. BoREALis, Wallm.; Torr., Mox. Bound. Eep., 38. On ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, July, 1887. {Macoun.') lOI. 8IDALCEA. (361.) 8. malvaeflora, Gray; Macoun, Cat. I., 87. In Part I., 87, this and the next were considered one species. When Part HI. (page 501) was published, we had reached the conclu- sion that \vc had also Watson's var. Orcgana. Since then. Dr. Gray has elaborated the genus, and our herbarium sjiecimens arc divided as below. In dry thickets at Oak Bay, and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (3093.) S. Oregana, (iray, PI., Fcndl., in ])art; Proced. Amcr. Acad. XIV., 237. Grassy slopes near Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Abundant in salt marshes at Qualieum and Alberni, Vancouver Island. (Ifacoun.) I04. SPH/ERALCEA. (365.) S. acerifolia, Nutt.; Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad. XIV., 294. S. rimdarin, Torr. ; Macoun, Cat., I., 88, & III., 501. 21 314 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. There are two forms of this species in British Columbia. One of a slender habit, with tive-lobed small leaves, the lobes obtuse or short pointed, growing in thickets at Shuswap and Enderby, B.C. ; the other a much stouter plant with coarse, generally tive-lobed leaves, lobes with long tapering points, stems almost smooth. Salmon Arm, Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Macoun), and Klk liivcr, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) I06. LINUM. (372.) L. Lewlsii, Tunsh, Fl. 1., 210; Trelease, Trans, tit. Louis Acad. Science, V., 12. L.percnnc L. var. Lewim, Eat. & Wrif:lit; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 102. Eeferences under L. pcrenne, Linn., Part I., S"J, belong here. I07. GERANIUM. (3094.) G. DissECTDM, Jjinn.; Gray, Man., cd. VI., 104. Introduced in a few places in Canada. Port Arthur, west of Lake Superior. (Dr. Britton.) Vicinity of Victoria, and at Nanaimo, Van- couver Island. (Macoun.) 121. CEANOTHUS. (402.) C. ovatus, Desf ; Macoun, Cat. 1., 96. Along the St. Clair River east of Point Kdward, Ont. (./. Dearness.) 573. LIMNANTHES. (2116.) L. Macounii, Trelease, Rev. of (icran. L. Douglatii, Macoun, Cat., III., 502. Flcerkia proserpinacoides, Macoun, Cat., I., 91, in part. Glabrous, 2-3 inches high ; divisions of the leaves 5-9, remote, 3-6 mm. long, ovate, mosth" 3-cleft, their lobes broad and ver^' acute ; flowers, 4-merou8, not showy as in the other species ; sepals oblong, rather obtuse, enlarging somewhat in fruit ; petals white (?), oblong- cuneate, erosely truncate, 3-4 mm. long ; stamens about equalling the petals, anthers 4 mm. long; fi-uit obovoid, 3 mm. long, with very prominent tubercles. (Trelease.) Professor Trelease in his Revision of the Geraniacese made this a new species and named it after the discoverer. CAT-iLOanE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. ol5 115. ILEX. (395.) I. verticillata, ur most northern rose, and extends from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Lake .Mistassini, Severn liiver, Upj)er Liard Eiver, and the Lewes Eivei-, a branch of the Yukon, in Lai. 62°. (2138.) For R. Woodsii, Wat., read R. Woodsil, Lindl. Note. — Mr. G. N. Best, of Roseniount, New .Torsey, has examined all our mounted specimens of the j;enus Itosa, and has made a number of clianges in our arrangemeut of specimens under certain s|)ecies. As he has taken copious notes, and intends to publish them with other notes on roses, we make no changes exoept in the above instances (R. Sayii and R. Engelmanni), and in the tbllowing: R. Cali/ornica and R. micrantha must be cancelled, the latter going to R. rubiyinofa, and the specimens retained in Part. III., 520, under the former, are referred doubtfully to R. pisocarjia. 174. CRAT/ECUS. (678.) C. coccinea, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. I., 147. Since the publication of Part I. this species has been greatly ex- tended, and now includes much of C. tomentosa, Graj-, Man., ed. V.. 160. Var. macracantha, Dudley; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 165. C. tomentosa, Macoun, Cat, I., 147, in part. This includes all C. tomentosa from Nova Scotia to west of Manitoba, except specimens from the south-western part of Ontario at Amherst- burgh and Point Edward. Var. mollis, Terr. & Gray; Man., ed. VI., 165. C. siibfillosa, Schrad. ; Macoun, Cat, 1, 147^ C tomentosa, Linn., var. mollis, Gray, Man., ed. V., 160. Queenston Heights and westward along Lake Erie to Amherstburgh, Ont. (Macoun.) CATALOGDE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 321 (3104.) C. punctata, Jacq.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 166. (1890.) a. toriu-)Uosii, var. putictata. Gray ; Macoun, Cat. I., 147. All the lai-ge fruited, small-leaved forms of C tommtosa, belong here. The C. Crm-galli of all localities east of Hamilton, should he referred here, as that species is confined to south-western Ontario. 176. SAXIFRACA. (_3105.) S. OCCidentaliS, Watson, rroeed. Amer. Acad., XV., 264. "Resembling S. Vmjiniensis; leaves often more or less densely rufous toinentosc licneatli ; infloresence open, glabrous or soiiiewhatglandular- pubescent; calyx frei! from the pistils, clclt nearly or quite to the hase, the segments very obtuse, not refle.xed ; petals white, oblong-obovate, obtuse; filaments slendei-; seeds with a loose, smooth testa. From the Eocky Mountains of British America {Dnunmond) to British Columbia." (Lyall.) Summit of Mount Finlayson, 10 miles from Victoria; on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, altitude .'iSOO feet; also at Yalo and Lytton, B.C., 18S!l. {Macoun.) (TOO.) S. reflexa, Hook.; Macoun, Cat., 1., 152. On small islands in the entrance to the North Arm of Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) (706.) S. Stellaris, Linn., vai-. comosa, Poir ; Macoun, Cat., I., 153. Under this we placed, in Part I , S. foliosa, IJ. Br , as a synonym. Specimens since collected in the Selkirk Mountains and Gold Eange of British Columbia, are Eobert Brown's species, but very far from being . raiiimtut'iidis, Macoun, Cat., I., 1S2. " Eadical leaves linear lanceolate; caiiline ones very variable, oblong to linear, more or less clasping ; rays unequal, J to 2 inches long ; pedicels short.' In general appearance this species resembles the European B. ranunculoides, but is dislinguisiiod as above. All references in Parts I.& 111., belong here. Peliy River, Lat. 61°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) 226. OSMORRHIZA. (861.) O. occidentalis, Torr. Mex. iJound. Kep., 71. Glycosrrui occklcntalis, Nutt. ; Jlacoun, Cat., 1., 183. This species with others have been united to Osmorrhiza by Coulter & Rose, in their late revision. 230. LICUSTICUM. (3122.) L. Crayi, (". & R., Rev. of N. Amer. Umbell, 88. "Stems 1 to 2 feel high, with leaves all nearly radical, and glabrous inflorescence; leaves ternate then pinnate; rays, with involucels of several narrowly linear elongated bractlels ; rays, 1 to 2 inches long; pedicels 2 to 4 lines long, with short conical stylopodia, and narrow, prominent almost winged ribs ; oil-tubes 3 to 5 in the intervals, 8 on the commissui-al side ; seed strongly flattened dorsally, with angled back, and face but slightly concave, with no central ridge." Very abundant on the summit of the (iold Range at Griffin Lake, B.C., Aug., 1880. (Macoun.) 584. OENANTHE. (2206.) . & Gray, Fl. I., 630. Ferula dmoluta, Watson ; Macoun, Cat I., 188. cache Creek Mountain, B.C. (Macoun.) (885.) L. multiflda, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. I., 63(1. Ferula inultillda, Gray ; Macoun, Cat- I., 188. On dry hillsides at Sicamous, Kamloops, Si)ence'8 Bridge and Lytton, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 239. TIEDEMANNIA, DC. (888.) T. ris^ida, C. & E., Eev. of N. Amer. UmbelL, 64. Kcferences under Archemora rigida, Part I., 188, belong here. CATii-OGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 331 242. CORNUS. (3128.) C. Baileyi, Coulter & Evans, Bot. Gaz., XV., 31. C siolonifera, Macoun, Cat. I., 190, in part. "Erect shrub, with reddish-brown, mostly smooth branches; branch- •lets and inflorescence pubescent to woolly; petioles 6 to 25 mm. long ; leaves from lanceolate to ovate, acute or short-acuminate, acute oi' obtuse at base, apprcssod-pubescent to glabrale above, white beneath, and with woolly hairs variously intermingled with appressed ones (or in some cases all appressed), 2-5 to 12 cm. long, 1-2 to T'S cm. wide; flowers in small; rather com])act cjTnes ; calyx-teeth from small to prominent; fruit white; stone decidedly compressed, flat-topped, rarely oblique, with a very prominently furrowed edge, much broader than high (3 mm. high, 4 to 6 mm. broad)." Low grounds at the mouth of Ncpigon Eivei", Lake Superior ; " Eiver That Turns," near the source of the Qu'Appelle Eiver, Assiniboia {Macoun) ; Cypress Hills, Alberta. (<7. M. Macoun.) North Fork of Old Man Eiver, Eocky Mountains. (Dawson.) Probably common between Lake Superior and the Eocky Mountains. {Macoun.) 245. SAMBUCUS. (3129.) S. glauca, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, F\. IL, 13. In the vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Fletcher.) Abundant along the Cowichan Eiver and at Nanaimo, Vancouver I.sland; also at Agassiz, B.C. (Macoun.) 248. SYPMHORICARPUS. (3130.) S. mollis, Nutt. ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 11., 4. Quite common on dry, gravelly hills at Goldstreara and Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; also on gravel at Yale and Agassiz, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) 258. VALERIANELLA. Tourn. The above generic name is substituted for Plectritis, Part II., 205, & IIL, 501. (3131.) V. anomala, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIX., 83. On gravelly slopes near Nanaimo, Vancouver, 1887. (Macoun.) 332 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 262. EUPATORIUM. (959.) E. purpureum, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI.. 239. (1890.) The type of this species has been collected both at Hamilton and London, Out., by T. J. Bui-gess, M.D. It is probable that the spotted stem is only a trivial variation. 267. CRINDELIA. (3132.) C. nana, Nutt. ; Gray, Synop., Fl. II., 119. In dry open woods at Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.') Var. discoidea, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 119. A rayless state of the species gathered on the dry mountain slopes at Goldstream, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) Other specimens were collected that are doubtfully referred to G. integrifolia. It is quite evident that we have two species on the coast of Vancouver Island that have been included in Gray's Synoptical Flora in the above mentioned species. In one series all the forms have entire leaves ; but thej- var^' much in size, and are from glabrous to tomentose. Another series, with serrate leaves, stout stems and almost smooth in every part, is also included. 779. BOLTONIA, L'Her. (3033.) B. asteroides. L'Her. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 166. In moist places, Souris Co., Man., 1889; apparently very rare. (T. Walker.^ (3034.) B. latisquama, Graj-, var. occidentalis, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 166. Eich, damp soil, 15 miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1886. (^Fletcher.) 275. ASTER. (1022.) A. radulinus, Gray; Macoun, Cat. IL, 220. On the summit of Mount Finlayson, and at Home Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (3Iacoun.) The specimens referred to this species in Part II., 220, belong to A. consptcuus. CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 333 (1039.) A. campestris, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 224. Guichon Creek, Nicola Valley, B.C., 1888. (Dawson.) (1040.) A. Novi-Belgii, Linn., var. litoreus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., ISit. Salt marsh, and along the bridge that crosses it, near Shaw's Ilotel, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. (Macoun.) (3135.) A. patulus, Lam. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 262. New Brunswick. (Gray, Man.) We have never seen this species, and would be glad if New Brunswick botanists could detect it. (2171.) A. Tradescanti, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. III., 545. This species differs from A. paniculatus in having its leaves (chiefly) linear and tapering to a long slender point. Probably common throughout Ontai-io, but confounded with A. paniculatus. Quite common at Hull, Que., and Casselman, 29 miles fi-om Ottawa. (Macoun.) Not uncommon at Ottawa. (W.Scott.) (2173.) A. OCCidentallS, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. 111., 540. In various forms and very abundant along lakes and streams in all parts (visited) of Vancouver Island ; also at Shuswap Lake, B.C. (Macoun.) (1049.) A. puniceus, Linn., var. iucidulus, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 195. Eivifire du Loup, Q. Aug., 1889. (St. Cyr.) Var. laevicauliS, Gray, Synop., Fl. II., 195. References under A. puniceus, var. firmxis, Part II., 220, belong here. (1053.) A. peregrinus, Pursh; Macoun, Cat. II., 226. In crevices of rocks at the summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancou- ver Island, 1887 ; alt. 5900 feet. (Macoun.) (1054.) A. foliaceus, Lindl, var. Eatoni, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 194. Not uncommon on King's Farm at Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Van- couver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 334 OEOLOUICAL SHRVET OP CANADA. Var. pubescens, Gray, I.e. Salt marshes, along Barclay Sound, amongst the islands near Cape Beale, Vancouver Lslaud, 1887. {Maeoun.) (1067.) A. subulatus, Michx., Fl. II., 111. In salt marshes along the outer sands of Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. {Macouti). In Part II., 229, under this niimljer I placed a specimen collected along the coast of Lake Huron, but it is more likely a foi-m of A. paniculatus. 276. ERICERON. (2177.) E. flagellaris, (.iray ; Macoun, Cat. III., 548. Better specimens have been collected at Spence's Bridge, B.C., by Mr. James Fletcher, since the publication of Part III., and competent authorities have referred them to this species. 780. PSILOCARPHUS, Nutt. (3136.) P. Oreganus, Nutt, var. elatior, Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Quite common in ditches that dry up in summer, at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. (^Macoun.) (3137.) P. tenellus, Nutt.; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 228. Abundant in ditches at Clovei-dale, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 295. BIDENS. (3138.) B. bullata, Linn.? Along the Somas River between Alberni and Sproat Lake, on the west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. Doubtfully referred here by Br. Watson. (Macoun.) 781. HELIANTHELLA, Torr. & Cray. (31.39.) H. Douglasii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. II., .334. Mountains between Nicola Vallej- and Niacomen, B.C., 1888. {Dawson.) Abundant on the mountains between the Nicola Eiver and the Thompson, south of Spence's Bridge, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) Moun- tains north-west of Spence's Bridge. {J. M. Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 335 f 311. ARTEMISIA. (3040.) A. ANNUA, Linn. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. II., 370. Introduced at London, Ont., and inclined to spread. (Burgess.) Vacant lots, West Toi-onto, Ont. {Macoun.) (1192.) A. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 255. On the ()p3n prairie, Souri-s Co., Man., 1889. (T. Walker.') 312. LUINA. (1212.) L. hypoleuca, Benth. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 259. Very abundant in crevices of rock on Mount Mark, altitude 2000 feet ; also on the soaclitt's of the Alberni Canal, west side of Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) Crevices of water-worn rocks in a canyon of the Kokesaila River, about 50 miles from Victoria on the Nanaimo Eailway, Vancouver Lsland. {Anderson.) 318. SENECIO. (1230.) S. SYLVATicus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 263. Waste places on Shaw's Farm, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; cultivated ground, Burrard inlet, at Hastings, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (1237.) S. aureus, Linn.,var. subnudus,3°, late in August, 1881, by 'Mr. Octavius S. Bates. {Greene.) (1344.) C- rotundifolia, Linn., var. arctica, Lange. ; Macoun, Cat. 111., utiO. Greenland, Lat. 71", 1888. (Hanson.) Little Charlton Island, James Bay, July, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) All the northern specimens 338 GEOLOGICAL StTRVET OF CANADA. are distinguished by having reflexed, white hairs on the lower part of the stem. Var. Alaskana, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 395. Mount Mark, near Qualicnm, Vancouver Island, 1887. Alt. 2500 ft. (Macoun.) Var. hirsuta. A slender, narrow-leaved variety, with the lower part of stem covered with stiff reflexed hairs. Flowers 1-5, smaller than in the species. Shores of Home Lake, near (^ualicum, Vaneouvei- Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 347. HETEROCODON. (1348.) H. rariflorum, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 289. Eather common on the oak pasture lands at Cloverdale and Cedar Hill, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 349. VACCINIUM. (1356.) V. uliginosum, Linn., var. mucronatum, Herder; Macoun, Cat. II., 291. Crevices of rocks, summit of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5700 feet, .July, 1887. {Macoun.) (3U9.) V. occidentale, Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 23. Amongst rock:^ oa the slopes of Mount Mark, alt. 2500 feel, near (Jualieum, Vancouver Island, July, ]88'7. {Macoun.) 350. OXYCOCCUS. (13C5.) O. vulgaris, v:u-. intermedium, Gray, Synop. FI.T.,39C. Along the swampj" margin of Liuigforil Lake, near Coldstream, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 353. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS. (1371.) A. tomentosa, Dougl, ; Macoun. Cat, II., 295. Growing in large hushes on the summit of Mount Erskine, altitude 1200 feet, Salt Spring Island, Gulf of Georgia; also on Mount Finlay- CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 339 son and other mountains at Goldstream ; and on the ridge at the " Old Mine," near the head of Chase Eiver, and on Mount Benson. Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. {Macoun.) 354. CAULTHERIA. (13T3.) C. ovatifolia, Gray; Macoun, Cat. IL, 295. Cascade Mountains, British Columbia. {Gray.) In alpine woods on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, all. 4500 feet, 1887; also at Sicamous in the Gold Eangc, B.C., 1889. {Macmn.) 363 LEDUM. (1.597.) L. glandulosum, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. 11., 301 &III., 562. Plateau north of Tiamiuillo River, alt. 5000 feet; plateau north of Nicola River, alt. fiOUO feet, B.C., 1889. {Bawson.') 366 CLADOTHAMNUS. (1408.) C. pyroleeflorus, Bong. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 303. Mountain near Suraas Lake, 1884. {Bowman.) Lake Karmutzen, Vancouver Island, 1885. (Dawson.) Wooded slopes. Mount Arrow- smith, Vancouver Island, alt. 5500 feet, 1887. (Macoun.) 368. MONESES. (141(1.) M. grandiflora, Salisb.. Gray, Man., ed. VI., 323. Referoiicob under J/, imiflora, Part II., 300, belong here. 369. CHIMAPHILA. (1418.) C. Menziesii, Spreng. ; Macoun, Cat. II., .306. Shady woods alonj,^ the Little Qualicum River, and common on the lower slopes of Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (1419.) C. maculata, Pursh; Macoun, Cat. II., 306. In woods at Plover MilN, Ont. (R. Ellioit.) 371. ALLOTROPA. (1421.) A. vireiata, Torr. k Gray ; Macoun, Cat. II., 307. (^uito common in gravelly soil everywhere around tcoldstream and in woods at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 340 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 373. HIPOPITYS. (3150.) H. fimbriata, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., VIII., 629. Quite common in coniferous woods along the Little Qualicum River and on the slopes of mounts Mark and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 377. PRIMULA. (1430.) P. Sibirica, Jacq. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 310. Sea shore below high-water mark, west coast of Hudson Bay, Aug., 1886. (J. M. Macoun.) (3151.) P. Egaliksensis, Hornein. ; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 399. Shore of Charlton Island, .lames Bay, July, 1887. (J. M. Macoun.) 380. DODECATHEON. (3152,) D. frie;iclum, Cham. & Schlecht. ; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 233. D. ifeadia, Linn-, var. /nyidum, Macoun, Cat II., 312. Crevices of rocks, .summit of Mount Arrowsmith, alt. 5700 feet, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) , (3153.) D. Hendersoni, Gray, Bot. Gaz., XI., 233. D. Mfadia, Linn., var. macrtjcarpum, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. Eeferences credited, in Part II., to Dawson, Mill, Fletcher and Macoun, belong here. (3154.) D. Jeffrey!, Moore; Gray, Bot. Gaz., XL, 232. D. Meadia, Linn., var. luncifolium, Macoun, Cat. II., 312. On an island in the Fraser at Kanaka Bar, B.C. {Hill.) Abundant on mountains at Lytton, and Spence's Bridge, B.C , 1889. (jMacoun.) 386. CENTUNCULUS. (1453.) C. minimus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 315. In boggy places, at Mount Stewart and Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; iu a pond on the Indian Eeservation at Kamloops, B.C. ; quite common at Sproat Lake and Alberni, on the west coast of Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. o-il 783. VINCA, Linn. (PERIWINKLE.) (3155.) V. MINOR, Linn. ; Hooker, Student's Flora, 268. Escaped from gardens to roadsides at Kingston, Out. QT. Walker.) 39r. ASCLEPIAS. (1466.) A. speciosa, Torr. ; Macoun, Cut., II., 31!t. Very common in the valley of the Thompson River, B.C., from Shu!?wap Lake to Lj^tton, on gravel benches and amongst sand, 1889. (Macoun.) 394. CENTIANA. (1488.) C. glauca, Pall. ; Macoun, Cat., II., 323. Quite lommon on the summit of the Gold Range, north of Griffin Lake, B.C., altitude 7000 feet, 18S1I. (Alacoun.) (1492.) C. sceptrum, Griseb.; Macoun, Cat, IL, 323. In West\vood'.s swamp at the base of Mount Benson and in small swamps at Departuio Bay, Nanaimo, and at Sproat Lake, Alberni, Vancouver Island ; also on Lulu Island at the mouth of the Fraser River, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (1499.) C. linearis, Froel., var. latifolla, Gray, Proced. Amer. Acad., XIV., 309. This variety differs from the var. lanceolata. Part II., 325, in having broad leaves, loss tapering at the base and being more like a form of G. alba than G. linearis, Ten or twelve miles north of St. Stephen, Charlotte Co., N.B. ( Vroom.) Kaministiquia River at Fort William, west of Lake Superior, 1889. (Dr. Britton.) The references to G. alba in Part II., 324, all, or nearly all, belong here. In Gray's Man., ed. VI,, 351, the flowers are said to be blue. None of our specimens arc that color, and the type of the variety was not blue. Var. lanceolata, Gray; Macoun, Cat., II., 325. Along Rupert River, between Lake Mistassini and James Bay, N.E.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.) 342 GEOLOGICAL SCRVEY OF CANADA. 784. ERYTHR/EA, Richard. (CENTUARY.) (3156.) £. Ce. ray, Syiiop. I., UT. On the Nanaimo Eailway, near Sliawnigan Lake, Vancouvei' Island, 1887. (Macoun.) It is probable that both the above species have been introduced with grain from Oregon. ^ 406. HYDROPHYLLUM. (3160.) H. occidentale, Gray, var. Fendleri, S. .NIGRUM, Linn., var. villosdm, Mill. ; Gray, Synop. F\. 1., 228. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, 1887; waste places around Kamloops, B.C. 1 889. {Macoun.) Var. nodiflorum, Gray, Syuop. Fl. 1., 228. In wheat fields at Agassiz, B.C. 1889. Possibly introduced. {Mwoun.) 439. COLLINSIA. (1635.) C. parviflora, J »ougl. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 453, & III., 570. Guichon Creek, liX'.; Glenora, Stikinc Kiver, B.C. 1887. {Dawson.) Agassiz, B.C., 1889; also on Cedar Hill, Vancouver Island. {Macoun.) 440. SCROPHULARIA. (1636.) S. nodosa, iiirui.. var. Marilandica, Gray, Man., ed. VI., oSO ; Macoun, Cat. Jl., 354, in part. In the edition of the manual just cited, only one form of this species ' is described. As we have two forms of it, that wore recognized and described by Pursb, Fl. II., 419, I now reproduce them, and append to the description of Pursh that of Mr. J. Dearness, Public School Inspector of London, Ont., who first drew my attention to them, and who has grown them side by side for three years. Leaves cordate rounded, at the base acutely serrate; petioles ciliate at the base ; panicle fasciculate loose-flowered ; flowers, greenish brown. The whole plant often four feet high. In flower from June to August. {Pursh.) Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate above; broad at base cordate CATALOUUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 34'7 to ruuiul, iiliout ociually deeply serrate. CTowoi-s, lurid olive to brown. Usually solitary. Less than a foot high on 21st May, 1881). Time of flowering, August, Hoptcmhcr, October. (^Bcarness.) Damp river bank at London, Ont. {Bunjcss, Millman, Dearness.) (3165.) S. lanceolata, Pursh, Fl. 11., 411». Leaves lanceolate, unequally serrate, the seiratures acuminate, acute at the base; jtetiolcs naked; jjauicle corymbose-fasciculate. Flowers, greeni.sh yellow. In llowei- from August to iSeptember. (Pursh.) Leaves lanceolate from lowest to highest ; deeply and unequally serrate or toothed; acute at the base. FlowerH green, tinged .slightly with }-ellow. In flower .June and July. Six or eight strong stalks from a horizontally s]ueadiiig root. Four feel high on 2Ist May, 1880. (Bcaniess.) Vicinity of Belleville, Ont. (Macoun.) Biddulph Town- ship, Middlesex Co., Ont. (Dearness.) (3166.) 8. Californica, Cham.; (iray, Synop. Fl. I., 258. The specimens referred hero have the stems puberulent, with appresscd hairs, which pass in the upper part of the stem and inflor- cscense into stalked glands. 'flif leaves, however, are more like S. nodosa, vai-. MariUmdica , not being deeply serrate. China Creek, Alberni Canal, Vancouver I.sliind, 1887 ; in the valley of Eagle Kiver at Griffin Lake, U.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 443. MIMULUS. (1658.) M. moschatus, Dougl., vai-. scssilifolius, Gray, Suppl. Synop. Fl. I., 110. In water along China Creek, Alberni Canal, Vancouver Island, Aug. 1887. (Macoun.) 444. CRATIOLA. (1659.) C. ebracteata, Benth. ; Macoun, C'at. II., 358. Abundant in a field near the Eailway Station at Nanaimo, and occa- sionally in wet places at Wellington Mines, Vancouver Island ; in wet spots by the saw-mill at Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 446. LIMOSELLA. (1663.) L. aquatica, Linn., var, tenuifolia, Hoft'm. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 359. 348 GEOLOGICAL SUKVET OF CANADA. Quite common in a salt marsh at Brackley Point, Prince Mward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) Sable Island, 1870. (Mrs. Almond.) 445. ILYSANTHES. (1667.) I. riparia, Rat. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 385. /. gratiolo^dcf, Benth. ; ^lacoun, Cat II., 359. Leamy's Lake, near Hall, Que. 1889. {Macoun.) 451. CASTILLEIA. (3167.) C. breviflora, dray, Sj-nop. FI. I., 299. In clumps, on dry hills, north of Kamloops, B.C., 1889. {Macoxm.) On dry gmund, Ijower Arrow Lake, B.C.. 1889. (Dawson.) The specimens gathered at Osoj-oos Lake, B.C., and referred io Orthocarjivs tenuifolius, Part LI., 366, belong here. 452. ORTHOCARPUS. (3168.) O. castilleioides, Benth.; Gray, Synop. Fl. I., 300. Quite common in wcl meadows near the sea.shore, three miles below Alberni, on Ihu Alberni Canal, Vancouver Ishmd. 1887. (Macoun.) 460. BOSCHNIAKIA. (1727.) B. Hookeri, Walp. ; Macoun. Cat. IL, 374& III:, 578. Abundant on the roots ol GaiUtheria Shallon, near the base of 51ount Benson, Naiiaimo ; also in woods along the Little Qualicura River, "\'ancouver Island, 1887. The greater number of the specimens were bright purple, but a few were quite pale. (Macoun.) 462. UTRICULARIA. (1732.) U. minor, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IL, 375. In a marsh ;U Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) (1733.) U. gibba, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IL, 375. In a muddy bay off a large pond at Westminster, near London, Ont. (Bearness.) CATAftOOUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 349 463. PINCUICULA. (1737.) P. villosa, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 376. Frances Eivei-, Lat. 61°, N.W.T. 1887. (Dawson.) 468. VERBENA. (1748.) V. bracteosa, Miohx. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 379 & III., 574. On the sLoi'c of tho river ca.st of Point Edward, Ont., 1SS9. {Dearness.) Quite common at Spenco's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C. 1S89. {Macoun.) 470. TEUCRIUM. (2203.) T. occidentale, Gray; Macoun, Cat., III., 574. Low ground, [yondoii, Out. 18S0. {Bim/ess.) Amongst gi'avel along tiie Tiionipson llivcr at Speneo's Bridge, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) (31C9.) T. BOTRT.S, Linn.; Hook., Stud. Fl. .3:JI. Introduced. Roadside near London, Out. 1888. {Dearness.) (1750.) T. Canadense, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 380. Sandy woodlands at Point Pelee, Essex Co., Ont. 1886. {Burgess.) The localities mentioned under this No. in Part IF., 3^0, belong partly to T. Canadense and partly to T. occidentale. In the absence of speci- mens, we cannot tell which is meant. 788. ELSHOLTZIA, Willd. (3170.) E. CRISTATA, Willd. This is a curious exotic labiate, a native of Eurojie, and belonging near our genus Collinsonia. Found growing in a clearing near a mill at Notre Dame du Lac, on the shore of Lake Temiscouata, Q. 1887. There was no doubt but that it was introduced. {John L. Northrop.) 476. PYCNANTHEMUM. (2205.) P. muticum, Pers., vai. pilosum, Gray; Macoun, Cat., IIL, 574. Very common in old fields, woodlands and along roadsides near Leamington, Essex Co., Ont. 1880. {Burt/ess.) 350 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. 475. HYSSOPUS. (1762.) H. OFFICINALIS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat., 11., 382. A white variety is quite common oq the roadsides near the St. Lawrence and Ottawa railway station in Ottawa. {Fletcher Fl. Ott.) The purple variety by roadsides in London, Ont. (Bearness.) 482. MELISSA. (1771.) M. OFFICINALIS, Linn.; iiacoun, Cat., II., 384. Crowing in clumps ljy roadsides in Clinton, lIiirDii Co., Ont. (Bearnegs) 489. SCUTELLARIA. (1788.) S. angustifolia, Pursh ; Macoun, Cat., IL, 388. Moist ground near \ictoria, Vancouver Island, 1885. {Fletcher.) 789. BALLOTA, Linn. (FETID HOREHOUND.) (3171.) B. NIGRA, Linn. Black Horehoniid. Introduced, (irowing on roadside^ with Nepeta Cafaria at liondnn, Out. {J'earness.) 494. LAMIUM. (3172.) L. MACULATUM, Linn.; Graj-, Man., ed. VI., 421. Escaped from gaidcns at London, Ont. {Dearness.) Both the white and the purple flowered varieties were found growing wild in the streets of Stratford, Out. 1886. {Burgess.) (1795). L. AJiPLEXiCAULE, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Common in gardens in Toronto and London, Ont. {Deamess.) (1796.) L. PURPUREUM, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. II., 390. Escajicd from gardens, London and Wallaceburg, Ont. {Dearness.) 497. PLANTACO. (1807.) P. macrocarpa, Cham, i: Schl. ; Macoun, C.it. IL, 392. On the portage between Alberni and tjiialiciim, Vanrnuyer Island, 1887. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OP CANADIAN PLANTS. 351 504. ACNIDA- (1829.) A. tuberculata, Moq., var. subnuda, Watson ; Macoun, Cat. III., 397. It is probable that part of the localities referred to the species in Part III. belong to this variety, which is very common on the north side of the bridge over Brigham's Creek, leading to Hull Cemetery, near Ottawa. (^Macoun.) 790. KOCHIA, Roth. (3173.) K. scopARiA, Schrad. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 431. In waste lots ou Sparks street, west of Bank street, Ottawa, 1882. (Fletcher, FL, Ott.) 506. CHENOPODIUM. (^174.) C. Fremonti, Watson, Bot. Kmty'a Rxp., 287. Among isuiid hills at the source uf the Qu'Appelle River, Assiuiboia, 1879; also ou the Indian Reservation, at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. (^Macoun.) Neai- llegina, Aswinihoia. {Fletcher.) (1838.) C. BonusHenricus, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. By roadsides at Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. {Macoun.) Streets of Clinton, Huron Co., Ont. 1889. {Dearness.) (1840.) C. rubrum, Linn., var. humile, Moquin ; Macoun, Cat. III., 400. On dried up brackish mud, frequent around Kamloops, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) (3175.) C. MURAT.E, Linn.; (fray, Man,, ed. VI., 432. Introduced in ballast at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. 1887. {Macoun.) 507. ATRIPLEX (1841.) A. patulum, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. 111., 401. On ballast heaps at Nanaimo, and on sea beaches at (iualicum, Van- couver Island, 1887 ; sands, Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 352 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. Var. hastatum, Gray; Macoun, Cat. HI., 401. Brackish mud atKamloops, B.C., 1889 ; common along the Vancouver Island coast at Victoria, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Alberni. 1887. (Macoun.) Var. littorale, Gray; Macoun, Cat. III., 401. On sand at Bi-ackley Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888; Bnrrard Inlet, a.l Vancouver City, B.C., 18S9 ; sea beach at (Qualicum, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) 509. CORISPERMUM. (iS51.) C. hyssopifolium, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IFI.. 403. Quite common at the north end of Spence'.s Bridge, B.C. 1889. {Macoitn.) 791. AXYRIS, Linn. (317fi ) A. AMARANTHOIDES, Linn, Roadside, ten miles west of Winnipeg, Man., 1880. (Fletcher.) Introduced. 518. POLYGONUM. (1871.) P. minimum, Watson; Macoun, Cat, III., 408. Quite common on gravel and sand at the outlet of Griffin Lake, B.C., and in the bed of the mountain torrent flowing into the lake at the same place. 1889. (Macoun.) (1875.) P. coarctatum, Buugl. ; Macoun, Cat., III., 408. Not uncommon at Goldstream, Cowichan, Nanaimo and Qualicum, Vancouver Island ; abundant in the Fraser valley at Yale, Lytton and on the Thompson at Spence's Bridge and Kamloops, B.C., in dry gravel and sand. 1889. (Macoun.) (3177.) P. Douglasii, Greene. On slopes of dry hills at Sicamous, B.C., July Si-d, 1889. (Macoun.) (3178.) P. intermedium, Nutt. In crevices of rocks on the summit of Mount Mark, Vancouver Island, altitude 3300 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) CA-^AtOnUE OP CANADIAN PtANtS. 353 (1878.) p. lapathifolium, Linn.; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 440. P. nodomm, Pers. & P. incamatum, Macoun, Cat. III., 409, in part. Spikes oblong to linear (i-2 in. long), dense, erect, or nearly so. Our herbarium specimens are from Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island; Norton, N.B. ; Lake Nepigon, Ont. ; Qu'Appelle, and Devil's Lake, Assiniboia; Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains; Indian Reservation, Kamloops, B.C. ; and Cowichan River, Vancouver Island. (Macmn.) Var. incarnatum, Watson, Gray, Man., ed. VT., 440. P. incarnatum, Macoun, Cat., IIT., 409. Spikes more sleridor and eloiii^ated (2-4 in. long), nodding. Our herbarium s])Ciinions arc from Hull near Ottawa; Belleville, Hastings Co., Ont.; Kew Gardens, To ion to ; Saskatchewan River; and Port Moodj', B.C. (Mwoun.) Var. incanum, Ko and by him referred to Q. Garryana. I had collected specimens of the nak on other parts of the island, and could see no difference between them, so I fully agreed with Prof. Sargent that Mr. Brown's species could not stand. In March last (1890), Eev. E. L. Creene, Berkeley, Cal, asked me to send him specimens of the Vancouver Island Oak. I did so; and he •35G QEOT.OGtCAL SURVEY OF CANADA. wiites that all the specimens sent are Queretis Jacohi, R Brown, and quite distinct fi-om the Oregon Q. Garryana. It is therefore probable that the Vancouver Island Oak will become Q. Jacohi, instead of Q. Garryana. (1993.) Q. stellata, Wang.; Gray, Man., ed. YI., 475. Q. oblugiloha, Michx. ; Macoun, Cat, III., 440. We are still doubtful of the occurrence of this tree within oiir limits. (1999.) Q. coccinea, Wang., var. ambigua, Gray, Man., ed. VI., 478. Q. amlngua, IMichx. ; Pursh Fl. II., 630- Q. rulira, Macoun, Cat., III., 442, in part. In the new edition of Gray's Manual this variety is said to extend along the north-eastern borders of Lake Cbamplain and northward. This being the case, the Nova Scotia, New Ih-unswiek, and most of the Quebec Q. rubra becomes this variety. Collectors in these provinces should collect a good series of fruiting .specimens to determine this. 555. CASTANEA. (2002.) C. sativa, Mill., var. Americana, Graj'. Man.,ed. VI., 479. References under C. vulgaris, var. Americana, Macoun, Cat., III., 443, belong here. 557. 8ALIX. (2007.) S. Brownii, Bebb. ; Bot. Gaz., XIV., 444. S. arclicu, R. Brown, Bot. Koss- Voy., ed. II., 194; Hook., FL II., 1.52; Macoun, tat III., 444, in part. " Omit synonym S. cordifolia, Hook. The localities given in Part III. are all correct, excepting ' Kotzebue Sound and Ounalashka {Rothr., Alaska.},' which almost certainly belong to S. arctica, Pallas (not R. Br.)." {Bebb.) South Twin Island, James Bay, 1887 ; shore of Hudson Bay, Lat. 55°-56=, 18SG. (./. M. Macoun.) Mountains between Peel River and La Pierre's House, Ai-ctic Circle, 1888. (McConnell.) (2008.) S. argyocarpa, Anders.; Macoun, Cat. UL, 445. ''Richardson's locality, • Fort Franklin, on the Mackenzie.' were better omitted. There is no trace of this species among his collections that I have seen, and no evidence, at least in American herberia, that C\TALOGtrE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. SST it grows anywhere in the North-West. 'Nepigon Eiver, Lake Superior,' I would omit also ; the specimens upon which it was given being of very doubtful determination." (Bebb.) (2009.) S. Barrattiana, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 445. " Omit ' Old Man Eiver and South Kootanie Pass,' and add : ' in all thickets at high elevations, Kicking Horse Lake. (Macoun) ' ; a redis- covery after the lapse of fifty years of a most remarkable species." (Bebb., Bot. Gaz., XIY., 51.) (2011.) For S. Barcleyi, Anders,, Macoun, Cat. III., 445, read S. Barclayi, Anders. (2019&2038.) S. phyllicoides, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Amer., 18; Bebb. Bot. Gaz., XIII., 186 ; Macoun, Cat. III., 453. S. fulcrata, var. mh-glauca, Anders. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 448. Arctic North America. (Seeman, Richardson.) Point Barrow. (Murdoch, Oldmixon.) Kuskokosin Valley, Alaska. (Weinmann.) Shumagin Islands. (Harrington.) Nushagak. (McKay.) The localities are all furnished by Mr. Bebb. (2020.) S. flavescens, Nutt., var. tenuijulis, Anders. Verj- common in many places on Vancouver Island in wet places by lakes and rivers and marshes. Collected at Victoiia, Cedar Hill, Gordon Hesid, Goldstream, Nanaimo, Cameron Lake, Alberui, and Salt Spring Island. 1887. (Macoun.) Var. Scouleriana, Bebb; Macoun, ('at. III., 448. Slikine Eiver, B.C., above the canyon, 1887. (Dawson.) Lost Luke, Cedar Hill and Cameron Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887; also at Lytton, B.C., 188'J. (Macoun.) (2022.) S. herbacea, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 449. " This species is not known to occur on the west side of the continent, and I would not hesitate to strike out ' Northwest Coast (Nelson).' " (Bebb.) Our Eocky Mountain specimens are all S. arctica, vdi\ petrara, and arc therefore struck out. (Macoun.) (2023.) S. Hookeriana, Barratt ; Macoun, Cat. III., 449. " Strike out the Saskatchewan habitat. We have now the explicit 358 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. statement in Dr. Banatt's own handwriting that the type specimens were collected on the Northwest Coast by Dr. Scoulcr!" (Bebb.) Very abundant on Vancouver Island, from Victoria to Nanaimo, 1887; common around Buirard Inlet, and in the Fraser Valley, an for as Agassi/,, B.C., 1887. (Macoun.) In the Fraser Valley specimens, Mr. Bebb found the capsules twmcntose becoming smooth at the base. (2024.) S. humilis, Mai-shail; Macoun, Cat., 111., 4-1'J. " Omit the Kocky Mountains locality. It it clear outside the known range of the species given on leaves only and doubtless a mistake." (Bebb.) (2025.) 8. arbusculoides, Anders., Monog. Sal., 147. 5. humiUimn, .\nders.; Maroun, fat., III., 449. S. aaUi/olia. Hook. Fl. II., 150. Prince Albert Hound. (Mieschrimj.) Eae River. (Dr. Rae.) Sas- katchewan to Fort Franklin on the Mackenzie Uiver. {Hook. FL) Marshes near the Uocky Mountains. (Drummond.) (202H I S. lasiandra, Benlh., var. typica, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., HI., 44'.i. Abundant in thickets at Cedar Hill and Langford Lake, near Gold- stream, Vancouver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) Var. lancifolia, Bebb.; Macoun, Cat., III., 450. Quite common in the neighbourhood of Victoria, Vancouver Island. Many of the trees are of large size; abundant at Agassizand New We.-^t- minster, B.C. 1889. {Macoun.) Shore of Burrard Inlet at Vancouver City. (Prof. Fowler.) Var. Fendleriana, Bebb. Shore of Shuswap Lake, B.C., near Scotch Creek, June, 1889. (Macoun.) (2031.) S. myrtillifolia, Anders., Sal. Bor.-Amer., 28. S. Novie-Angliie, Anders., Sal. Monog., IbO, & DC. Prod., 16', 253, mainly. S. myrginites, Hook. Fl. II., 151, mainly. This may be considered to include all the forms included in Xo. 2031, Pai't III., 452. Throughout the region of the Canadian Lakes CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. o5'J from north of the Lake of the Woods (R. Bell) to Great Bear Lake. (Richardson.) "Common on the Portage of the Grand Rapid of the Saskatchewan, near Lake Winnipeg." (Doiiijlas.) Pic Kiver, Lake Superior; and in 8wam])y spot.s from Edmonton to the Athabasca Rivei', at Fort Assiniboinc. (Macoun.) Clearwater Eiver, Lat. 57°, N.W.T., 1888. (.7. M. Macoitn.) Along streams in the foot-hills of the Eocky Mountains. (Brununond.) (2034.) S. arctica, Pallas, Fl. Koss 2', Sti ; Bebb, Bot. Gaz., XIV., 115. S. PaUanii, Anders., DC. Prod. 16-, 285. S. crantijulis, Trev., ex Traut. Sal. frigid, 308. limes the length of the nectary; style medium, stigmas small, erect, entire." Boggy places on the summit of Mount Queest, Gold Range, B.C. Alt. 6500, July 25, 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (3185.) S. conjuncta, Bebb, Bot. (iaz., .Xlll., 111. " Leaves of the Howering branches elliptic or obovate, sub-acute, 1 to li in. long; leaves of the sterile branches ample, 2 to 4 in. long, 1 to 2 in. wide, ovate-lanceolate, cuspidate-acuminate, attenuate or rounded at base; stipules largo, ovate, aculo; all glabrous or at first thinly over- spread on the upper surface with evanescent Hoccose hairs, at length rigid, scarcoly paler or rarely sub-glaucous beneath, young drying black, margins finely ami evenly crenate-seriii late ; aments borne oji stout leafy peduncles, huge, thick, 1 to 2 in. long; fertile, becoming rather loose and tlexuous in fruit (lengthening sometimes to 3 in, ) ; scale aiutish, dark, villose with cri.sp hairs, sometimes densely oi- again thinly hairy or ([uite naked at the tij) ; capsule glabrous, rostrate from an ovate base; pedicel three times the length of the nectary; style medium or elongated, about equalling the pedicel, stigmas short, entire or bifid." Summit of South Kootanie Pass, Rocky Mountains ; and Cassiar Trail, 20 miles north-west of Deasc Lake, N.W.T. {Dawson.') Mountains around Kicking Hoi'se Lake and the summit of the Selkirks ; also on the summit of the Gold Eange north of Griffin Lake, B.C. Alt. 6500 feet. {Macoun.) Summit of Mount t^ueest, Gold Eange, B.C. (./ M. Macoun.) Kodiak. {Kelloij/j.) The articles published by Mr. M. S. Bebb in the Botanical Gazette, on the North American Willows, should be consulted in connection with this genus. 563. JUNIPERUS. (2068.) J. communis, Linn., vai. alpina, Linn.; Macoun, Cut. Ill, 462. On mountains at Speuce's Bridge, B.C. ; summits of mounts Ben.son, Mark and Arrowemitli, Vancouver Island. {3Iacoun.) 564. TAXUS. (2070.) T. brevifolia, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IIL, 463. Assuming the f'orni of a small tree, between Sproat's Landing and Nelson, and on Kootanie Lake, B,C, {Dawson.) 24 362 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. ^ 565. PINUS. (2075.) P. albicaulis, Kngelm. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 465. Generally abundant in southern interior of British Columbia, be- tween heights of 5000-6000 feet ; Toad Mountain and vicinity to 7000 feet. (Dawson.) (,2077.) P. ponderosa, Dougl., var. scopulorum, Engelm. ; Macoun, Cat. HI., 466. F'rom near the head of Lower Arrow Lake, southward, and all along Kootanie Lake, B.C. (Dawson.) 566. PICEA. * (2082.) P. nigra, Link. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 468. Since Ihi^ j)iiblication of Part III., we have made extensive collections in Piince Edward Island, and having observed the .'*o-calied species, P. nigra and P. rubra, growing together, we are satisfied that they arc distinct enough to be sejiaiated as a species and variety. In Gray, Man., ed. VI., 402, P. rubra is admitted as a variety, and wc now write it as : — Var. rubra, Engcl.; Gardn. Chron. (N.S.), XI., 1879. Differs I'ldiii (he. -species in having darker and larger leaves; larger, bright red-brown cones, which arc more i-eadily deciduous after maturity. (I-Jngclm.) It is more than probable that in (he far North- west we have a species or variety that is also distinct from the typical eastoni P. nigra. This Ibi-m has lai'ge ovoid cones, which are deep purple, and without the brownish lint of those from the cast. 567. TSUCA. (^20S,s.) T. Pattoniana, Engelm; Macoun, Cat. III., 472. On the higher slopes of the mountains at the Glacier Hotel, Selkirk Summit; also on the .summit of Mount ]5enson (alt. 3000 feet), Mount Mark (alt. 3300 feet), and Mount Arrowsmith (alt. 5500 feet), Van- couver Island. 1887. (Macoun.) In valleys of the Coast Range at head of Chilkoot Inlet (Lat. 50° 30'), and on the Chilkoot Pass to CATAt- GtTE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 363 over 3000 feet altitude. (Dawson.) It is veiy probable that thm species is I'ound on all summits on Vancouver Island, over 2500 feet high. 769. ABIES. (2093.) A. amabilis, Forbes; Macoun, Cat. III., 475. Abundant, in company with T. Pattmiana, on the summits of mounts Mark, Benson and Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island, 1887 ; not observed on the mountains of the mainland in 1889. (Macoun.) 570. LARIX. (2094.) L. Americana, .Michx. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 475. Extends west of the Eocky Mountains in the Liai-d Valley to Lat. 61° 55", Long. 130°. (Baioson.) (2095.) L. occidentalis, Nuit. ; Macoun, Cat. III., 175. On the mountain side, east of Sicamous, about 500 feet above the lake. 1889. (Macoun.) From about half-way down the Upper Arrow Lake, southward along the Columbia Valley, B.C.; on Xoo- tanie Lake, to the north end, and liarihcr. (Dawson.) 591. CORALLORHIZA. (2217.) C. odontorhiza, Xutt. ; .Maccun, (.'at. IV., 5. Eather common in moist woods at I'lov oi' Mills, Middlese.K Co., Ont. (R. Elliott.) 600. HABENARIA. (2249.) H. clegans, Bolandcr; Macoun, Cat. IV., 17. On the mountain side at Sicamous, B.C., 1889. (Macoun.) (2258.) H. psycodes, tiray; Macoun, Cat. IV, 19. A form with deeply laciniate lip, and the flowers more erect and in a narrower spike than usual (in this respect approaching H. lacera), was found in a wet me.idow at Baddeck, Cape Breton Island, July 19th, 1883. These plants, which had purple Howei-s, are, 1 fancy, hybrids between M. psycodes and if. lacera, both of which were abundant in the 364 GEOLOGICAL SDBTEY OF CANADA. sume meadow. Prof. Eaton, to whom specimens were referred, wab much .struck with their peculiar appearance. (^Burgess.) 60I. CYPRIPEDIUM. (2261.) C. parviflorum, Salisb. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 20. North Thompson Kiver. 25 miles north of Kamloops, B.C. Alt. 3000 feet. 1889. (.7. McEvoy.) (2265.) C. montanum, Doug!., Macoun, Cat. IV., 22. Abundant in i;rass at the station yard at Agaasiz ; and on the hill- sides at .Sicamous, B.C., 18iS9. (Macoun.') 603. IRIS. (2272.) I. prismatica, Pursh ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 5U. I. Virijimca, Jlacoun, ('at. IV., 24. Collected at New Harbor, Newfoundland. {Rev. A. G. Wajkorne.) 604. SISYRINCHIUM. (2276.) S. angustifolium, Mill.: Gray, Man., ed. VI., 515. References Under S. mucronatum, Michx.. Part IV., 25, belong here. 793. MUSCARI, Tour. 'GRAPE-HYACINTH.) (3186.) M. BOTRTOiDES, Mill. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 523. Grand Trunk Railway ti-ack, between Hamilton and Dundae, May, 1888. {Mr. Galbraith.) Burlington, near Hamilton, Ont. {Burgess.) Evidently escaped from gardens. 611. SMILICINA. (2291.) S. racemosa, Desf.; Macoun, Cat. IV, 31. The specimens gathered on Vancouver Island in 1887, and refen-ed doubtfully to S. ampkxicmdis, belong here. Port Haney and other places in the Fraser Valley. B.C.. 1889. .9. amplexkauUs not seen. {Macmm.') CATAliOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 365 (2290.) S.sessilifolia, Xutt. ; Macomi, Cat. IV., 31. Specimens collected in 1889, at Agassiz and Spence's Bridge, B.C., have the flexuous stem and distichous leaves of this species. They are quite distinct from *S'. stellata, of the Eockj^ Mountains and eastward. {Maeoun.) 619. ERYTHRONIUM. (2323.) E. grandiflorum, var. {t) albiflorum, Hook.; Macoun, Cat. IV., n. Common in rich wuuds along the Hastings and New Westminster Eoad at Burnaby Lake, B.C., 1889. {J. M. Macoun.) Var. giganteum, Hook. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 42. Very abundant at Sicamous, and in (ine flower April 3rd, 1889; common on mountain slopes around Shuswaj) Lake, and on mountains in the Gold Eange at Griffin Lake, B.C., 1889. Flowers very large and bright yellow. Quito distinct from the Coa.st and Vancouver Island form. {Macoun.) 623. XEROPHYLLUM. (2328.) X. tenax, Nutt. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 43. On Toad Mountain, COOO feet, West KooUinie, B.C., 1889. (Dawson.) 794. OAKESIA, Watson. (2.335.) O. sessilifolia, Watson ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 528. Umdaria sessilifolia, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat IV., 45. Dr. Watson in the new manual makes the above new genus to in- clude this and another species. 637. JUNCUS. (2358.) J, effuSUS, Ijinn., var. brunneus, Engelra. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 55. Abundant, growing in tufts at Hastings and Port Moody, B.C., 1889. (^Maroun.) (2359.) J. flliformtS, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 55. Growing in prolusion at Kamloops, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) rSnn OEOT,OGICAT, survey of CANADA. (2363.) J. Orummondii, E. Meyer; Macoun, Cat. IV., 57. Plateau e:i8t of Adam's Lake, B.C. Alt. GOOO feet. 188S. {Dawson.) Abundant on Mount Queest and other summits of the Gold Eange, B.C., 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (2373.J J. Cerardi, Lois.; Macoun, Cat^ IV., GO. In salt mar.shes along both sides of Burrard Inlet, B.C., 1889. {Macoun.) (2375. ) J. falcatus, R. Meyer, var. paniculatUS, iMigehn, Trans. Acad. St. Louis. Abundant in grassy places, shoi-e of Shawnagin Lake, Vancouver Island, 1887. (Macoun.) (2376.) J. longistylis, Toney; Macoun, Cat. TV., CO. In a marsh at Penticten, at the southern end of Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1889. {Afacoun.) (3187.) J. oxymeris, Engelm., Trans. Acad. St. Louis. This is what was referred tnj.xiphioules, var. littoralis, in Part IV., 05. Mr. F. V. Coville, of the Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, DC, informs me that my specimens distributed as above are really this species. (3188.) J. Bolanderi, Engelm., Trans. Acad., St. Louis. /. j.ipliioide.'f, var. inucrantkus, Macoun, Cat, IV., 05, in part. Some of the specimens distributed as var. macranthus are of this species while others are quite correct. Those collected at Lost Lake near Cedar Hill. Vancouver Island, have the knotted almost terete leaves that distinguish the species from every form of .7. xiphioides. 638. LUZULA. (2389.) L. spadicea, DC; Macoun, Cat., IV., 65. On the summit of Mount Queest, and on the mountains north of (iriffiu Lake in the Gold Range, B.C. Alt. 0000 to 7000 feet. 1889. {Macoun.) This is the first record we have of the tj-pe in Canada. It is quite distinct from v a.r. parviflora, the flowers being twice as large. CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. SST (2391.) L. vernalis, DC. ; Gray, Man., ed. VF., 546. L. pilom, Willd. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 67. Changed in (iray's new Mantial. A very appropi'iate name. 640. SPARCANIUM. (2401.) S. simplex, Huds. ; Macoun, Cat., IV., 70. In marshes in man}' parts of Prince Edward Island, 1888; abun- dant at Agassi/., in the Fraser valley, and at Craigellachie in the Gold Range, B.C. lS8fl. (Macoun.) Var. NuttalIJi, iMi-vliii. In marshes at Mount Stewart, Prince Edward Island. 1888. (Macoun.) Mr. Beeby doulilfnily refers this specimen here. Var. acaule, lieeby, MS. " Stem three inches from crown of root to apex of male spike, female heads 2-:i, closely agglomerated, partly hidden by the leaf bases. Leaves erect, rigid, a foot high. (Three times longer than the Hower stem.)" {Beebij.) Quito common in ])onds and wet spots by the road- side in many parts of I'rince Kdward Island, especially at Lake Verde, Brackley Point and Winter River. 1888. (Macoun.) I believe this to be a good variety as there was no local reason for the peculiar growth. Var. longissimum, Fries. Abundant in still water, Spallumsheen River at Enderby, B.C. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in Griffin Lake in the Gold Range, B.C. (Macoun.) I believe that much of our S. affine belongs here, especially those forms with floating sterns and leaves. (2402.) S. affine, Schnitzlein; Macoun, Cat., IV., 70. In pools on the mountains at th« head of Nicoameu River, B.C. Alt. 6000 feet. 1889. (Dawson.) In a pool on Mount Arrowsmith. Van- couver Island. Alt. 5000 feet. 1887. (Macoun.) This is an alpine form of the species. (Beeby.) (2404.) S. minimum. Pries.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 70. . In bogs, ilethy River, Lat. 56°, KW.T. 1888. (J. M. Macoun.) Common in ponds at Craigellachie, Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 368 GEOLOGrCAL SURVEY OP CANADA. 641. ARIS/EMA. (240G.) A. Dracontium, Schott. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 72. On a flat in Delaware Township near London, Out. 1889. {Mi: IT. D. Johnson.) On an island in the Sydenham Eivei-, near Strathroy, Ont. {Dearness.) 642. PELTANDRA.r (2407.; P. undulata, Rif. ; Gray, Man., cd. VI., 72. P. Virginica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 72. Very local in its distribution. Should bo looked for in western Ontario. 647 LEMNA. A species of this genus resembling Spirodela polyrrhiza in color, but havinif the genei-al apjieai'ancc of L. minor, and witii more than one root was common in ponds at Aga.ssiz, B.C., ilay 20th, 1889. P'or the pi'csent this foi-m must remain without a name or number. 795. SPIRODELA, Schleiden. (2414.) S. polyrrhiza, Schleid. ; Gray, Man., ed. VI., 552. Lemna polyrrhiza, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 75. In still water at Sicamous, Agassiz, and Port Haney, B.C. 1889. (Macou7i.) 648. WOLFFIA. (2415.) W. Columbiana, Karsten; Macoun, Cat. IV., 7(i. In a bay of Lake Ontario, west of Niagara Town, in company with IF. i^rrt.svV/env.v, Weddell. 18Sfi. {i>earness.) 650. SACITTARIA. (2418.) S. variabilis, Kngelm. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 77. Abundant in the South Thompson River at Kamloops, B C. 1888. (Dawson.) In marshj- spots subject to tide action along the lower CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 369 Fraser opposite Lulu Island ; also on the Indian Reservation at Kam- loops and eastward up the South Thompson, and the whole length of Shuswap Lake, and up the Spallumsheen River to, and beyond Enderby, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) 656. POTAMOCETON. (24H0.) P. Pennsylvanicus, Cham.; (iray, Man., ed. VI., 559. P. Claytonii, Tuckerman ; Macoun, Oat. IV., 8l'. In the Kaniinistiquia River near Fort William, Lake Superior. 1889. {Br. Brittm.) Riviere ^27.) ■ It is the P. ccespitosus of Nolte." {Bennett.) (3189.) P. vaginatus, Tun/,., Flora baiclensi-dahurica, \^M. (Siberia, i ■'This plant, placed under P. pectinatus, in Ledebour's Flora Rossica, vol. 4, is stated by Dr. Kihlman (of Helsingfors) in Botanisha Notisea, 1887, page 85, to have been brought from " Saskatchewan, Canada, Bourgeau, Palliser's Exp., 1858." {Bennett.) Buffalo Lake, N.W.T., Lat. 56°, 1888. (./. M. Macoun.) (3190.) P. flabellata, Babington. Mr. Bennett sent a specimen of this to Mr. Babington, who names it as above. It belongs to the same group as P. pectinatus North Pond, near Kast Point, Prince Edward Island, 1888. {Macoun.) "(No. 11) P. pectinatus, Linn., var. pseudo-marijius, Bennett, = P.jjectinatus, Linn., 372 GEOLOGICAL SUR\T:T OP CANADA. forma salina, Voch ! (It really comes under P. flabellata, Bab., as a variety, but without fruit, it is impossible to say so.)" {Bennett, Letter, 1890.) In a saline pond north of Kamloops, B.C.. June I3th, 1889. {Macoun.) (2449.) P. pectinatus, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 8S. "Judging by the young fruit this (No. 12) must go to P. pectinaiiis, Linn., as an aggregate. It comes close to the var. l in. to 19 in.), the head very small and glolnilar or short-oblong ( l in. or loss in diameter) ; perigynium completely marginless, thick below, stipitate, nerved, entirely smooth on the edges, the cylindrical and scarcely-cut beak projecting beyond the obtuse or nuiLicoiis dark blown scale. The porigynia are oonsideralily like those of the 0. t(J«»'5f(7(,s group. This species stands midway between 0. festiva and C. heleonastes." By little pools oti the mountains north of tJritKn Lake, B.C., al an altitude of 6t)00 feet, Aug. 1 889. (Macoun.) (2551.) C. synchnocephala, Carey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 121. In damp .sjiuts on the flat lanil noilii of the Ferry, al Kamloops, B.C., June 22nd, 1SS9. (Macoun.) (2554.) C. retnota, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. IV., 122. Professor Bailey writes me that this sj)ecies is of very doubtlul occurrence in Canada, so we cancel it. 376 GEOLOOICAL SURVEY OP CAXAPA. (3193.) C. Eleocharis, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club. T., 6. "One of the Vignect. perhaps allied to C. tenella, Schk. ; very slender but stiff, half a foot high, both leaves and culm tiliform and smooth; epikes two or three, each bearing from one to three flowers, closely aggregated into a very small and apparently monostachyous head, evidently staminate above ; perigyniuni short-ovate, turgid, flat on the inner face, marginless and nerveless, dull brown, beak entire or nearly so. as long as or longer thaii the thin hj-aline scale.'' Collected on the Saskatchewan Plains, near Fort Carleton, in August, 1872. Col. Olncy named it C. ruptly and very short beaked, nerveless, beak entire, green or whitish, conspicuously broader and usually shorter than the obtuse or muticous black .scale." Old Wives' Lakes, Assiniboia; along Bow Eiver at Calgary, Alberta. {Macoun.) CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 381 I Var. elatior, Bailey, I.e. " Much taller, the leaves very long, and narrower ; spikes longer (often 3 to 4 in.) and more slender, the lower much attenuated below, the upper bearing conspicuous staminate portions; bracts long and narrow." Open thickets at Morley, foot-hills of Eocky Mountains ; Kicking Horse Lake, Rocky Mountains, and Donald, in the Columbia Valley; near Cedar Hill, Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Macoun.) (2601.) C. Nebraskensis, Dew., var. prsevia, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. I., 49. References under 0. Jamesii, Torrey, Part IV.. 143, belong here, and the synonym C. compacta, should not have been placed under this V species. (3196.) C. aperta, Boott; H(X)k., Fl., 11., 'MS, 219. Fifty miles up the North Thompson River, above Kamloops, B.C. 1889. (.7. M. Macoun.) By a lake near Fort St. .lames, northern British Columbia, June, 1875 ; abundant at Shuswap Lake and Agassiz, B.C. 1889. {Macmn.) (2605.) C. acutina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 52. C. acuta, Linn. ; Macoun, Cat. I\'., 1-16. " A fine suite of specimens of (,'arex acuta given me by Arthui' Bennett, Croydon, England, and a study of the species in various foreign herbaria, have enabled me to draw lines of separation between the European plant and the wesloru plants which have beoQ referred to it. O. acutina differs from 0. acuta in the pale culov of the plant and its lesser size and thin leaves, habitually smaller spikes, thinner and shorter perigynium, which is much less prominently nerved, and the lighter colored obtuse or muticous scales." (Bailey.) Lewes River, Lat. 62°, N.W.T., 1887. (Dawson.) (2608.) C. salina, Wahl. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 45. References under 0. salina, Wahl., var. mutica, Wahl., Part IV., 147, belong here. Var. cuspjdata, Wahl.; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 46. References under C. salina, Wahl., Part IV., 146, belong here. 382 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. (3197.) C. Macounii, A. Bennett; Bailey, Mem. Toir. Bot. Club, I., 45. C salina, var. (?) rohusta, Bailey; Macoun, Cat. IV., 147. See description and notes on page 147. (2611.) C. cryptocarpa, Meyer, var. pumila, Bailey, Mem. Turr. Bot. Club, I., 27. C cryptocarpa, Macoun, Cat. IV., 148 in part. "Low (6 to 12 in. high); pistillate spikes, commonly two, short (f in. or less), ovate or short^oblong ; scales bioad and muticous, but little longer than the much lighter colored perigynium.'" Queen Charlotte Islands. (Dauson.) Vicinity of Victoria, Vancouver Island. (Fletcher.) Goi-don Head, Nanaimo, Qualicum and Comox, Vancouver Island; common in salt marshes along Burrard Inlet, B.C. 1889. (^Macoun.) (2613.) C. Barbarse, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 148. Quite common on the border of Burnaby Lake, and eastwai-d in marshes to Griffin Lake, in the Gold Range, B.C. 1889. (Macoun.) (2620.) C. Raynoldsii, Dew. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 151. In a mountain valley north-west of Spence's Bridge, B.C. 1889. (J. M. Macoun.) (2627.) C. SalterensiS, Bailey, Mem. Terr. Bot. Club, I., 7. C. tnginata, Tausch. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 153. Professor Bailey separates this species from the European O.vaginata by its much more slender and less ciespitose habit, narrower leaves and less conspicuous sheaths, itjs alternately-flowered spikes, and its much smaller, less inflated, and conspicuously nerved perigynium. All references in Part IV., 153, belong here. Low ground near Hamilton, Ont., 1889. (Burgess.) (263(5.) C. laxiflora, Lam. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 155. Professor Bailey has revised this species and finds the type to be what we have been calling C. laxiflora, var. intermedia, Boott. It embraces slender plants, characterized by narrow leaves (usually less than J in. in width), a peduncled, or at least very conspicuous staminate spike, scattered pistillate spikes, which are very loose flowered and CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 383 narrow (i to H in. loni^), and very blunt perigynium. This includes both the ty])e and var. intermedia ol' Vnvt IV"., 1.55. The synonymy may he considered cancelled, as it only refers in part to the type. (2C37.) C. Henderson!, Bailey. Not uncommon in woods and open thickets between Yale and the coast of British Columbia, 1889. (Macou?i.) (2638.) C. laxiculmis, Schweinitz ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 47. C. ritrocurva, Dew. ; Macoun, (Jat. IV., 156, in part. "Distinguished by its glaucousness." (Bailey.) (2639.) C. digitalis, Wilkl., var. copulata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Cluli, I., 47. C. retrocurva, Macoun, Cat. IV., 156, in part. "Larger than in the species, the culm weai< and reclining, sometimes two feet long; leaves twice or thrice broader; spikes shorter and heavier; perigynium mostly larger. In aspect much like C. laxiculmis, but has no glaucousness, the ujjjicr spikes ui'e shorter peduncled." (Bailey.) Wet ravines, London, Ont., .Tunc 24th, 1881. (Burgess.) (2647.) C. Pennsylvanica, Lam., var. vespertina, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club., I., 47. C. Pennsylvanica, Macoun, Cat. IV., 158, in part. " Habitually taller than the species, ver}- slender ; staminate spike commonly slimmer and usually very short-pedunclcd; pistillate spikes more separated and the lowest subtended by a leafy bract from one half inch to one inch long; perigynium mostly larger, more haiiy, the beak longer and stouter." This form includes all our British Colum- bia and Vancouver Island specimens of C. Pennsylvanica. (2648.) C. communis, Bailej-, .Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. Eeference under C. varia, Muhl., Part IV., 159, except those given below, belong here. Var. Wheeleri, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. C. varia, Macoun, Cat. IV., 159. in part. " Mostlj^ lower than the species ; leaves very numerous, very broad and bright green, conspicuously shorter than the culm ; staminate 384 GEO'LOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. spike very short (usually only a fourth or a third of an inch long), closely sessile-inclined and inconspicuous ; lowest bract leaf-like, often an inch or two long." On the sides of ravines, Truro, and Pirate's Cove, Strait of Canso, N.S. 1883. {Macoun & Burgess.) (2649.) C. varia, Muhl. in Wahl. Kongl. Acad. Hand!., XXIV., 159. (1803.) Baile}-, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 40. Eeferences under C. Emmonsii, Dewey, Part IV., 159, belong liei-e. (2650.) C. Novae-Angliae, Schw. ; Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 44. C. NovX'Anglise, Macoun, Cat. rV'., 160, in jiart. " Very slender, stolonil'erous, the culms 0 to 8 inches high, about the length of the very narrow loose leaves; staminate spike quite distinct, erect and prominent, 3 to 8 lines long, mostly minutely peduncled, exceedingly narrow (about half a line broad) ; pistillate spikes usually two, the upper near Ihe base of tlie staminate spike, the lower from J to 1 inch removed and sliort-stalkcd and subtended by a bract which nearly or quite equals the culm, both rather loosely three to six-flowered ; radical spikes none; pcrigynium very narrow, often nearly oblanceolate, very thinly hairj-, the sharp beak prominent; stigmas often two." In damp woods, Point Pleasant, Halifax, N.S. {Bunjess d- Macoun.') Grassy places at Cove Head and Bi-ackley Point, Prince Edward Island. {Macoun.) Woods near St. Martin, N.B. 1888. (Brittain.) (3198.) C. deflexa, Hornemann; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 41. C. Novx-Anglix, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part. " Very low, much tufted ; culms from 1 to 6 inches long, setaceous more or less curved or spreading, little exceeding or shoiter than the narrow leaves ; staminate spike exceedingly minute and nearly always invisible in the head; pistillate spikes two or three, two to five- flowered, green or green-and-brown, all aggregated into a small head, the lowest one always more or less short-peduncled and subtended bj- a leafy bract, a half inch or less long ; radical spikes very few or none; perigynium very small, much contracted below, sparsely hairy or nearly smooth, the flat beak exceedingly short." On sandy or rocky places near water, Gaspe Peninsula, Q. {Macoun.) Portage, Kent Co., N.B. {Brittain.) CATALOatJE OF CANADIAN PLANTS. 385 Var. Deanii, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 42. C. Novx-Anglis:, Macoun, Cat. IV., 160, in part. "Taller and laxer, the culms fi-om 6 to 12 inches high and some or all prominently exceeding the long, loose, soft leaves ; staminate spike much larger (2 to 3 lines long), erect or oblique, strictly sessile; pistillate spikes larger (four to eight-flowered), less aggregated or the lowest usually separated, though rarely more than a quarter of an inch removed; radical spikes usually numerous; bract mostly longer. Macnab's Island, Halifax Harbor, and Truro, N.S. ; crevices of rocks, Brackley Point, Prince Edward Island ; Sudbury Junction and Port Arthur, Ont. (^Macoun.) Vai-. media, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. Novse-Anglia;, var. defiexa, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. I\'., 160. " Eather stiff', 4 to 12 inches high, in dense tufts ; most of the culms somewhat exceeding the leaves ; staminate spike prominent and erect, 3 to 5 lines long, sessile or very short peduncled ; pistillate spikes two or three, all scatteied, the uppermost at, or near, the base of the staminate spike, the lowest very prominently peduncled and subtended by a conspicuous bract w^ich surpasses the culm, all rather compactly, three to eight-flowered, gi'een, or brown-green ; radical spikes usually abundant; perigynium much as in short-beaked forms of C umbellata ; scales large and sharp equalling or exceeding the perigynium." Grassy thickets, McLeods Lake, and Telegraph Trail, B.C. ; also on Mount Arrowsmith, Vancouver Island. Alt. 5500 feet. {Macoun.) Var. Rossi i, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 43. C. A'(/i .1 -Angli:r, var. Rotsii, Bailey ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 160. " Stiff throughout, very strict, the leaves mostly equalling or ex- ceeding the culms, the whole plant usually light-colored; staminate spike much as in the last, often larger ; pistillate spikes one to three, distinct or sometimes scattered, loosely one to four-flowered; radical spikes usually abundant ; scales very sharp, greenish-white or very rarely bearing an inconspicuous colored margin." In woods, from the Pacitic coast to Spence's Bridge. {^Macoun.) (3199.) C. amplifolia, Boott; Hook. PI. II., 228, t. 226. In abundance in and around springs in woods Vernon, near Lake Okanagan, B.C. 1SS9. {Macoun.) 386 OEOLflGICAT, SURTET OF CANADA. (2655.) C. castanea, Wabl. ; Gray, Man., ed. VL, 603. Eeferences under C.flerilis, Rudge, Part \Y., 162, belong here. (2658.) C. capillaris, Linn.; Macoun, Cat. lY., 163. C. capillaris var. Kravsei, Macoun, Cat IV., 163. C. Saikalcheicana, Macoun, Cat., IV., 163. Prof. Bailey having e.xamined the specimens upon which these forms were founded, refers them both here. (2671.) C. lupulina, Muhl. (1805); Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 11. Eeferences under C. lurida, Wahl., Part IV., 167, belong here. Prof. Bailey shows that C. lurida, pioperly belongs to C tentaculata. Var. Bella-villa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 12. Eeferences under C. lurida, var. divefgens. Bailey. Part IV., 168, belong here. Var. pedunculata, Dewey; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club. I., 12. Eeferences under C. lurida, var. polystachya, Bailey, Part IV., 168, belong here. (2673.) Since writing the article under this number, Part IV., 1G8, we have received specimens of C. Raeana (named by Boott), from the British Museum, and can make nothing of it except an immature specimen of C. oligosperma. In the summer of 1888, J. M. Macoun collected on Methy Portage many specimens of both C. oliogosperma and C. monile. Prof. Bailey in Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, Vol. I., 39, makes C. Raeana a variety of C. monile. It is very probable that Boott had young specimens of C. oligosperma and C. monile before him when he characterized the species he named C. Ba£ana. The description of Prof. Bailey combines the spikes of C. monile and the leaves of C. oligosperma, and the compound is Boott's C. Raeana. Prof. Bailey writes me that "The type of C Raeana, in Herb. Boott, is clearly ditferent from C. oligosperma." Whatever it is there is no evidence that it is a good species, and may be, as I state above a com- pound of 0. monile and C. oligosperma. (2674.) C. miliaris, Michx. ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 35. C miliaria, Michx. . Macoun, Cat. IV., 199, in part C. Raeana, Boott ; ^Macoun, Cat. IV., 168, in part CATALOGTTE OP OANATIIA!^ ?T,ANTS. 38? Below is Prof. Bailcj^'s arrangement of the speries, and I agree with his remark that "whatever future ohsei-vers ma}' decide as to the merits of the varietiea 1 propose, the disposition suggested cannot fail to make the species better known." My difficulties are all cleared awaj^ by the arrangement, but var. major may boMichaux's tj-pe. "Culm very slender but erect (12 to 18 in. high), smooth or slightly rough above on the angles; leaves narrow, often almost filiform, rough on the edges, mostly shorter than the culm ; staminato spikes one or two, elevated an inch or more from the upper pistillate spike, very narrow, an inch or less long ; pistillate spikes one to three, the upper one sessile and the lower very short-stalked, small (^ in. or less long), the lov^est subtended by a bract which usually exceeds it; perig^-nium very small, broadly or round-ovate or ovate-oblong; thin but firm in texture, bearing a nerve upon either angle, but otherwise nerveless or sometimes bearing a few very faint nerves near the base, rounded into a very short and terete beak which is either entire or somewhat erose ; pistillate scales brown, lance-ovate, ending in a sharp whitish tip which nearly or quite equals the perigj'nium." Island in the Saguenay River, near Lake St. John, Que. (A. H. Sviith.) Drury's Cove, St. John, N.B. {Herb. Gray.) Near St. John, N.B., 1877. (Prof. Fowler.) Newfoundland. {La Pylaie, Hirb. Gray.) Var. obtusa, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 36. " Culm mostly shorter and even more slender ; pistillate spikes much smaller (from k in. long to smaller and globular), closely sessile; pistil- late scale verj' obtuse, little if any more than half the length of the perigyniura." Marguerite River, Que. (^■1. H. Smith, fide Bailey.) One small specimen received from Prof Fowler, collected at Kenne- beckasis, N.B , June 3(lth, 1878, is this variety. The others are the type. (Macoun.) Var. major, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, I., 36. "Much stouter (often fully two feet high), the culm thick and very sharply angled ; leaves stout and canaliculate or involulate ; staminate spikes short stalkeil; pistillate spikes one to five, mostly short-oblong, but often cylindrical (varj'ing from ^ to li in. long), stout and verj^ dai-k and dull-brown, the lower one or two short-peduncled ; scale vary- ing from wholly obtuse to muticous." Lake Mistassini, N.E.T., 1885. (J. M. Macoun.) Jupiter River, Anticosti, Q., 1883. (Macoun.) Ungava Bay, Labrador, 1884. (Turner.) 388 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. Var. (?) aurea, Bailey, Mem. Ton-. Bot. Club, I., 37. " Taller and mostly stouter than the species ; staminate spikes two to three, mostly long-peduncled ; pistillate spikes one or two, the upper sessile, the lower short-peduncled, often staminate at the apex, yellow or stramineous ; perigynium thin and yellow as in C. vionile, mostly prominently few-nerved, gradually produced into a conspicuous and more or less toothed beak, bi'oader and usually longer than the light brown or whitish muticous scale." Kennebeckasis, N.B. (Prof. Fowler, fide Bailey.) (2675.) C. physocarpa, Presl. ; Macoun, Cat. IV., 169. Sparingly along Spallumsheen Arm, at Sicamous, B.C., July, 1889. (Macmin.) (2679.) C. utriculata, Boott; Hook. Fl. II., 221. (1840.) References under C. rostrata. With., and its variety utriculata, Bailey, Part IV., 170, 171, belong here. Specimens referred here were collected in an immatui-e state at Agassiz, B.C., May, 1889. (Macoun.) (3200.) C. exsiccata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot, Club, I. 6. C. vesicaria var. major, Boott; Macoun, Cat. IV., 171, in part " Differs at once from C. vesicaria by its greater size and broader leaves, thicker and more nearly sessile spikes, and particularly by the much longer, lance-ovate, scarcelj* inflated, duller and strongly nerved perigynium, which is three or four times longer than the very narrow and muticous scale. In some of its forms it strongly suggests C trichocarpa, Muhl., var. aristata, Bailey." Wet marshy places, near Victoria, Vancouver Island, 188.5, (Fletcher.) Common and variable everywhere on Vancouver Island, 1887 ; on the mainlan^, Vasey 38!i !!tili-ia'/eii.«i.', I'lanclion.. 1 Andro|x>gon, Linn 184 anmucetis, Jliolix 1?5 furcatuf, Muhl 184 iiulani', liinn 185 provincialis, La ji 184 jmrpiirasvTtis, \\'ilkl 185 scoparius, Jlichx 185 Anemone, 295 iiemorosa, var. ? 295 Oregaua, (iray 295 Anemoiiella, Spach 295 tlialictroides, Spaoh 295 Angelica, 328 atropurpurea, I.,inn 328 genufiexa, Xutt 328 birsuta, Mubl 328 AnOwriciim serotinum, Linn 42 Anthoxanthum, Linn 186 odoratura, Linn 186 Aplectrum, Nutt 4 hyemale, Jsutt 4 Arabis 303 arcuata 304 canescens, Nutt 304 canesceiif, Wat 303 var. lalijolia, Wat 303 Columbiana, Macoun 304 confinis, W'aX 303 Drummondii, Gray 304 Drvmmondii, Gray 303 humifusa, .7. Yahl 303, 304 var. pubescens, Wat 303 Ixrigata, Hook 303 Leuimoni, Wat •• 303 Ivrata. Linn., var. occidentalis, ■ Wat 303 lyralit 303 petrsea, Lam 303, 304 var. ambigua, Kegel 303 Arcliangdica alrcpwjmrea, Hoffm., 328 Gmelini, DC. 328 hirgtila, Torr. & Gray 328 Archemora rigida 330 Ari'tagrostis. Griseb 201 latifolia, I^deb 201 var. .Maskensis, Vasey.. 201 Arcliodriicon Vamlscliatictim, Gray, 73 Arctopbila, Rupt 229 fulva, Rupt 229 l,:rstadii, Kupt 229 nuicronata, Hack 229 pn)dvlina, And 229 Arctostapliylos 338 tomentosa, Dougl 3;i8 Arenaria 309 l.bysodes, D.C 30!) Arethusa, Linn 10 bulbos.a, Linn 10 mcdeoloidfn, Pursli 12 a]>h ioglos^foidif, Pu rsb 11 parrijiorit, Pursb H pttidtUn, I'ursb H rerticilkiUi, Pursh 12 Aris.Tnia, Martins 72, 308 Dracontium. Scbott... 72, 368 trii)hvllum, Torr 72 Aristida, 'Linn 19", 390 ba.«iramea, Engel 100 dichotoma, Linn 190 fasciculata, Torr 390 purpurea, Nutt 190, 390 Ap.orDE,E (cxii.) "i- Arrbenatberum, Beauv 213 avenaceum, Beauv 213 Artemisia ^^ annua, Linn 3:10 glauca, Pall . • • • 335 Arum atrorultens. Ait 7- Driiconlium AVilld 72 triphiillum, Linn 72 Virginicinn, Linn •'- Anindo agrosloidcit, Pursh 204 arenaria, I..inn 208 Canadenns, Jlichx 204 einnoides, Muhl 204 INDEX. 401 PAGE confinis, Willd 204 Phragmiles, Linn 216 Asclepias :m\ sjieciosa, Torr 341 Asparagus, Linn 27 oflicinalis, Linn 27 Aspidinni, Swartz 271 acrosticlioides, Svvartz 277 aculeatuni, Swartz 278 var. P>rannii, lioell 278 var. Mmtum, Kunze 278 var. scopulinum, I>. ('. Eaton 270 aciilealum, I'ursli 278 alpeflre, Swartz 271 Anuricrarum, 1 >avenport 275 anguxlmii, Willd 2(i7 aiyilntokli s, Swartz 207 atomarium, Mulil 280 Boottii, Tuck 27(i Braunii, Spenrier 278 hull/iferum, Swartz 280 cristatuni, Swartz 272 var. C'lintonianiini, D. ('. Katon 273 var. ul iginosum, MWdci. . ■ 27G dilatalum, Swartz 275 Filix-nias, Swartz 274 Pilix-mas, Pursli 273 fracrans, Swartz 276 (joldieatumi, 1 look 273 inhrmcdium, Willd 275 lofxittim, Smith 278 Lonchilis, Swartz 277 margin alo, Swartz 274 monUmum, Swartz 280 montannm, Milde 272 nmnitum, Katit" 278 Noveboracen.se, Swartz 271 ohliimm, Willd 284 Oreopteris, Swartz 272 punclilobum, Wilkl 285 rigidum, Swartz 274 rii^lidiilum, Swartz 283 spinnlosnm, Swartz 275 war. Boottii, Gray 276 var. dilatatum, Hook 275 var. intermedium, D. C. Eaton , » 275 tmne, Swartz 27U Thelypteris, Swartz 272 thdyplcris, Hook 271 var. Aovihoracensc, Willd- 271 Asplenium, Linn 264 acrosliclioidcx, Swartz 266 angustifolium, Michx 266 ebeneuni, Ait 266 Filix-l'u'Uiina, Bernh 267 va,r. (iiKjuxlum, I). C. Eaton 267 var. Mioliauxii, Mett 207 PAGE melanocaulcni, Willd 265 platynmron, Oakes 266 Tltiziiphiilliim, Linn 268 tliolypteroides, Miclix 266 Trichomanes, Linn 265 Tricliomams, Linn 2(i4 Irichomnnoidin, Michx 266 viride, Iluds 264 Asprella, Willd 248 hystrix, Willd ".. 248 ori/zoides Lam 1 84 Virgi7ncn, Eo'in. & Schultz. . . 184 Aster 332 campestris, Nutt 333 foliaceus, Lindl., var. Eatoni, Gray 333 var. pnbcscens, Gray.... 334 Novi-Belgii, Linn,var. litoreus, Gray 333 occidontalis, Nutt 333 paniculutus 333 patulus, Lam 333 peregrinus, Pursh 333 ptinictu.1, Linn., yar. firrrma. ■ ■ 333 var. lievicaulis. Gray 333 var. luciduUis, Gray 333 raduiinns. Gray 332 .subnlatus, Michx 334 Tradi'scanti, Linn 333 Af^tragahis 317 mitinus 317 Jilipes, Torrey 317 Mortoni, Nult 317 stenophyllus, Torr. & Gray.. . 317 Atlicrcipoyon aphidoides, Wahl 216 olig(Muchiium, Nutt 216 Alhyrium alpenlre, Nyl 271 Filix-fd-mina, Roth 207 Piiix-fnruiiia, \a,T. :"!. Hook... 267 thdyptcroidea, Uesv 266 Atriplex, 351 patulum, Linn 351 var. hastatum, Gray 1 352 var. littorale, Gray 352 Alropis angustata, Ledeb 229 Californica, Munro 224 dislans, Griseb 231 distanx, Thurl)er 232 tenui/lora, Tliurber 227 Avena, Linn 212,394 annua, Linn 213 fatua, Linn 212 ylumacca, Michx 214 moUis, Michx 212 prwcox; Beauv 208 pratensis, var. Americana, Scrib 213 Smithii, T. ('. Porter 394 xpicala, Linn 214 striata, Michx 213 402 GEOLOOICAL SURVET OF CANADA. PAGE renncolor, Till 213 Axyris, Linn 352 aniaranthoides, Linn 352 A zolla- Lam 294 Carol iniana, WilKl 2(H Ballota, Linn 350 ni'^Ta, Linn 350 Beckmannia, Host 176 erucseformis, Host, var. uni- floms, Scrib 1 7<'i Berula. 32(i angustifolia, Kocb 326 Bidens, 334 bullata, Linn. (?) a'.4 Bl, chnum boreal), Swartz 2ii3 lUiisTniLi rufuf. Link 1 01 Boltonia, L'Her 332 aateroides, L'ller 332 latis<]nama, Grav, var. occi- dentalis, Gray 332 Boscbniakia 34S Hookeri, AValp 348 Botrj'cbium, Swariz 253 (luxectiim, Sprens^ 2.")6 /umnrioiilrt, Willd 255 lanL'eolatnni, Angst 254 i^iinaria, .Swartz 253 luiianoidtn, Swartz 255 niatriraria-foliuni, A. Braun. . 254 obtiijuum, Mubl 2.i6 simplex, Hitcbcock 2.55 ternatum, Swartz 255 var. Amiricaiittm 255 var. dissectuni, Milde. . . . 256 var. /loKinoii/..", .Milde. . . 2.55 var. obli(iuum, .Milde 256 Virginianniii, Swartz 2.56 Virgiiiicum, Willd 2/6 var. ["!) fimphx. Gray . . . . 255 Botriu>u.<< lunarioiden, Micbx 255 Virginicus, Mx 256 Bouteloua, Lag 215 cuTtipenduJa, Gray 216 fccna, Torr 215 hirsuta, Lag 215 oligostacbya, Torr 216 racemosa, Lag 216 Bracbyelytrum, Beauv 195 aristatum, Beauv 195 Briza, Linn 2:;2 Canadensif, Xiitt 232 Canadenm, Micbx 230 Eragrvstig, Linn 219 media, Linn 222 Brizopyrum Americanum, Link... 221 boreale, Presl 221 spicalum, Hook, it Am 221 var. striclum, Grav 221 Brodisea, Smitb '. 34 Douglasii, Watson 34 PAOK grandiflora, ?mith 34 grnndijima, Pnrsh 34 lactea, Wat 34 Bromelica Smithii, Soribner 394 Bronms. Linn 237, 397 Alontt'.nsis, Trin 237 breviaristatus, Buekl 237 ciliatu.s, I-inn 237 var. bgulatus, Vasey 238 var. paucitiorus, Vasev.. 238 Hookerianus, Thurb 238, 397 var. minor, Scrib 2:?8 Kalmii, Gray 2:58 Macounii, Vasey 239 niaximus, Linn 239 iiiollis: Linn 239 ( )rcuttianii8, A'asey 239 Pumpellianus, Scrib 239 purgau.1, Linn 237 purgan.t, Torr 238 racemosus, Linn 239 secalinus, Linn 239 segetnm, Si'bl 240 Sitcbensis, Bong 240 siibulatus, Ledeb 240 .*-u Wafiis, G riseb 220 tectoruui, Linn 240, 397 rireuK, Buckl 238 Buda, Adns .{09 borealis, Wat 310 marina, Iiun.«iotpecoidea. Tuck 117 var. sparsi-Dpicata, Dew.. 117 (UpcalriK, Dew 159 alpina, Swartz 136 var. nlgrescen.1, ■0\ney 13G am busta, Boott 147 amplifolia, Boott 385 anqndhtcea, Good 1 70 var. bnrealh, Laiige 1 70 \nr. vlriculata, Carey 171 ana^s, Sch wein & Torr 155 anceps, Muhl 155 aiiccpn, var. anguslijolia, Dew. 155 var. hlandti. Hook 155 var. palulijolia, Dew 156 var. Ktriatuki, Carey 155 Audirsoni, Boott 143 anguKtuUi, Boott 143 (nitlwricoides, Pre.sl 118 ant/ioxantlia, Preel 110 aperta, Boott 381 aperUi, Boott 146 var. angivtifolia, Boott. . . 141 var. divaricata, Bailey . . . 146 aptrhi, Carey 145 aqnatilis, Walil 143 var. epigoios, Last 144 var- Minor, Boott 144 atjUxilHis 380 arcta, Boqtt 124 urcla, Boott 376 arctata, Boott 161 var. Faxopi, Bailey 161 arctata x llexilis, Bailey 162 ardtcu. Dew 136 urgyranllia. Tuck 129 arida, Schwein & Torr 129 aristaUi, R. Br 175 var. Inngo-lanceata, Dew • • 175 A.ssiniboinensis, W. Boott 162 athcroden, Sprengl 175 atbrostachya, Olney 121 atrata, Linn 135 var. nigra, Boott 135, 379 var. ovata, Boott 135, 37B aCrata 378 404 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE atrofusca, Sehkuhr 138 nllmvata,R.liT 113 aurea, Nutt 138 \a.T. andriji/iiiia, Olney... 138 var. celsa, Bailey 379 aurca, Nutt 379 Backii, Boott 113 Backiana, Dew 112 Barbara, Dew 148. 382 Bebbii, Olnev 130 Bella-nlla, Dew 168 Btiiricldana, Kn-ck 168 bicolor, Allioni 134, 37S Bigdorii, Torr 142 blaiida, t)e\v lo5 blepharopliora, Gray 162 Bolanderi, Olney 12.5 var. xpargijlora, Olney 125 Bulliana, Ba'fk 137 Bonplandii, Kunth. var. an- gustifoUa, W. Boott 375 var. viinnr, Boott 375 hrdchosa, .'^eliwein 115 brizoides, L. var. nenioralis, Wim 125 bromoides, Schk 114 Brongniartii, Kiintli, var. densa, Bailey 118 huUata , Dew 172 Buxbaumii, Walil 134 ca'spitosa, Linn 141, 37!t var. filifolia, Boott 141 var. Jiii folia, Boott 379 cx!-coTvi , Shuttleworth 117 cryptocarpa, C. A. Meyer 148 var. pumila, Bailey 382 crjiptucarpa 382 carta, Good 123 ciwipidata, Wahl 1 46 ci/lindrica, t'arey 1 72 cyperoides, Dow 121 Darini, Dow 159 Davalliana, Dew 110 debilis, Mx 139 var. <., Boott 139 var. Kudgei, Bailey 379 debilis, Mx 379 decidua, Boott 143, 380 deflexa, Hornemann 384 var. Deanii, Bailey 385 var. media, Bailey 385 var. Rossii, Bailey 385 Deweyana, Schwein 124 var. Bolanderi, W. Boott. 125 var. sparsiflora, Bailey. . . 125 digitalis, Willd 156 var. eopulata, Bailey .... 383 digitnlis, Schwein 137 dioica, Linn 109, 373 var. Daralliana, Dew 109 dioica, Schwein & Torr 109 disperma, Dew 121 disticha, Hudson 114 disticha, Hudson 373 Douglasii, Boott . . . . 115, 374 INDEX, 405 PAGE var. densi-spicata, Dew. . . 115 var. minor, Olney 115 Drejeri, Lange 141 Drummoniliana, Dew 113 dubitaia, Dew 142 duritucuta, C. A. Jleyer 120 eburnea, Boott 157 echinata, Murray 126 var. angustata, Bailey 120 var. conferta, Bailey 126 var. microstachys, Bccckl. 126 Eleocharis, Bailey 376 elongata. Hook 248 Emmonsii, Dew 1.59 var. dl'ptica, Boott 159 Emmonm, Dew 384 exilis, Dew Ill exsiccata, Bailey 388 var. globcsa, Bailey 388 var. punfjens, Bailey 389 Fcndleriiina, Bu'ck 115 festiva, Dew 120 var. {gracilis, Olnoy ..120, 375 var. Haycleniana, W. Boott 120 var. pachystacliya, Bailey 375 festira, Dew 375 fcntwacea, Willd 132 ■filifolia, Niitt 109 filiforinis, Linn 165 var. :cmaihorhyncha, W. Boott 1G5 var. lamiffinum, Bd'ck 165 var. Inlifnlia, Bailey 165 JUipindida, Drej 148 flava, Linn 140 xar. androgijnn, Olney... 140 var. hiUsceiiK, Wahl 140 var. rectorostrata, Bailey. 141 var. viriduia, Bailey 379 flava, Willd 140 flexilis, Kudge 162, 386 to»o.s((, Miild 139 ■fcenea, Willd 132, 377 var. perplexa, Bailey.... 377 var. (?) mbidonum, Gray. 133 folliculata, Linn 166 folliculala, Hook ♦. . 166 foUiculala, Walil 167 "formosa. Dew 137 Franklinii, Boott 138 frigida, Allioni 139 fuliginvsa, Sternb. li Hoppe. . . 138 fulva. Good 164 fiUricoma, Dew 120 furcata, Ell 174 Gayana, Dew 115 Gayana, Desv 152 Geurgiana, Dew 173 Geyeri, Boott 113 PAGE glareosa,Wabl 127 var. cs'spitosa, Breck 113 var. ur.fino, Bailey 113 glannsa, Wabl 376 glauca, Scop 146 globosa, W. Boott 160 GmelinijHook 134 Goodenoirii, Gay 142 gracilis, C,Ta.y 121 gracillima, Schwein 137 Grahamii, Boott 1 70 granularioidei', Schwein 154 granulans, Muhl 153 Grayii, Carey 167 Greinkma, Dew 164 grisea, Wabl 1 54 var. minor, Olney 1 54 gijnandra, Schwein 149 gynocrates, Wormsk 109 gi/nocrates 373 liscmatolepis, Drej 146 Haleana, Olney 153 Hidlii, Olney 136 Uarlii, Dew 172 Haiideniana, Olney 1 20 var. liradliijii, Dew 172 heleonastes, Ehrh 127, 375 Hendersoni, Bailey 156, 383 llcphurnii, lioott 109 hetoroneura, W. Boott 135 licUrofjierma, Wabl 1 55 heterostachya, Torr 153 hir/tuta, Willd 1 37 var. pcdimadata, Schwein 137 llitclicockiana, [>ew 155 Uoodii, Boott 119, 375 Hoodii, W. Boott 119 Hookeriana, Dew 374 Hooktriana, Dew 118 Hoppncri, Boott 148 lioughtonii, Torrey 164 hymi-nocarpa, Drej 170 hyptrborca, Drej 142 hystricina, Mubl 173 ignota,V)e\\ 155 Illinocnsis, Dew 154 illota, Bailey 375 incurva, Lightf 119 inlermedia, Good 114 intumescens, Rudge 167 var. globularis, Gray 167 invisa, Bailey 143, 380 irrigua, Smith 150 Jamesii, Schwein 373 Jamesii, Torr 143 Jamedi, Torr 381 Kelloggii, W. Boott 142 Knieskernii, Dew 162 Kraiisei, Bojck 163 A'MJizrt, Olney 124 406 GEOLOGICAL SLRVET OF CANADA. PAGE lacuslris, Willd 16i lajviculmis, Meincli 248 licfi-cnnica. Dew 174 lagopina, Wahl 127 lagopodioidrs, Sclik 130 var. compofifa, Olney 130 var. crista ta, Carey 130 var. moniliformis, Olney . . 130 var. scoparia, Bceok 131 Unjopodioides, W. Boott 133 la7ia'ev/ 147 lanuginosa, Miclix 165 var. ;vinathorvnclia 165 lali folia, WaU...'. 157 laxa, Dew 150 laxiculmis, Scliwein 383 laxiflora, Lam ..155, 382 var. hlanda - gracillima, Koott 155 var. intermedia, Boott. .. 155 var. iidirmcdia, Boott 382 var. latilolia, Boott 156 var. patulifolia, Carey. . . 156 var. jihnitaijitiiii, Boott. . . 156 \&T. plankujinca, Olney.. l.")6 var. striatula, Carey 155 lax-ijlora, Sclilcuhr 154 Lranimiorlliii, Dew 118 leiooarpa, C. A. Moyer 110 leiorbynilia, C. A. Meyer 118 lenlii'ularis, Miclix 145 Irnticularis, I )ew 150 Icpidocarpn , Tauscli 140 leporina, Linn, var. Ameri- cana, Olney 133 \a.T. Aiiiiricana, Olney... 378 leporina, ^VilUl 127 lipoi'ina, Pursli 131 leporina, Michx 131 tcptalca,\\il\i\ Ill Icucoglochin, Dew Ill kxicorum, var. Emmonsii, Chapm 159 Liddoni, Boott 128, 377 limosa, Linn 150 var. irrigtui, Wahl 150 var. lirida, Wahl 152 var. I'liinri, Dew 150 var. raii flora, Wahl 150 var. stygia, Bailey 151 limula (?) Gray 142 livida, Willd........ 152 var. r(((?)a(/i?, Paine 152 longirostris, Torrey 162 var. microci/stis, Ba;-ck 162 var. minor, Boott 162 luconim, Willd 158 lupiUiformis, Sart 168 lupulina, Mubl 386 var. Bella-villa, Bailey.. 386 PAGE var. gigantoidea. Dew .... 168 var. pedunculata, Dew.. 3S6 var. pcduncitlala, Dew 168 var. poli/stachya, Shwein. &Torr.". 168 lupulina, Mnhl 167 lurida, Wahl 167, 389 var. divergens, Bailey . . . 168 var. dirrrgiiis, Bailey. . . . 386 var. polystachya, Bailey. 168 var. pohislachiia, Bailev . . 386 lurida. Wahl . . . . .' ". . . 386 //Vattii, Boott 151 Lyoni, Boott 110 Macoiinii, A. Bennett 147, .382 Maccmnii, Dew 172 macrocepliala, Willd 117 marrorli;iia, C.A.Meyer 149 iMagellanica, Lam 1.50 marcida, Boott 115, 374 var. alterna, Bailey 374 marifiriala, Willd 158 marina, Dew 127 maritima, Miiller 149 Meadii, Dew 152 var. Bebtiii, Arthur 152 media, R. Br 136 Meekii, Dew 115 melanocarpa, Cham 158 meml/ramicea, Hook 170 Metiziesiana, Smith 117 Mertensii, I'resiott 134 Michauxiana, Bieck 166 Michaiuii, ISohwein 112 Michauxii, \)q\\ 166 niicroglocliin, Wahl Ill micropoda, ( '. A. Meyer 110 inirrostacltya, Michx Ill mi7j««c<(, Muld ;.... 139 miliaris, Michx 169, 386 var. (?) aurea, Bailey 388 var. major, Bailey 387 var. obtiisa, Bailey 387 miralnlis, Dew 130 misandra, K. Br 138 var. elatior, Lange . 138 MitcheUiana, M. A. Curtis 14!» n'lonile, Tuck 171 monile 386 monosperma 109 Muhlenbergii, Suhk 118 midliflora, Muhl 115 var. microsperma, Dew. . . 115 miiricaia, Hook 119 var. ciphaloidea, Dew 117 muricata, Linn, var. confixa, liailey 119 var. conjixa, Bailey 375 var. gracilis, Boott 118 var. gracilis, Boott 374 INDEX. 407 PAGE Mmkingumenm, Schwein 129 mntim, R. Br 138 nardiiia, Fries 109 Nebraskensis, Dew., var. prscvia, Bailey 381 neglecta, Tuck 119 nigra, All 135 nigricans, C. A. Meyer 110 nigricani, Dew " 109 nigricans, Torr. 110 nigrilclla, Drejer 151 Norvegica, Schk 125 Novoe-Angliw, Schwein. ..100, 384 nova 379 var. (lellexa, Bailey 100 var. dfjUxu. Hailey 385 var. Jimmonm, ( 'aroy .... 159 var. Kossii, Hailey. ..... 160 var. I{ois<.ii, Mai ley 385 Nova-Ant/li.T .' 38-1, 385 nudata, W. Boott, var. angus- tifolia, Bailey 379 JfuttaUii,Tlew 115 Oake.tiann, Dew 108 obesa, Allioni, var. minor, Boott 103 var. munoflachya, Bteck. . 112 olitwiwgulii, IClirh 1 70 obUisata, Liljeblad 112 fEderi, Ketz HO (Juieri, Hetz 379 oligocarjia, Sclikuhr 154 var. major, Torr 155 var. ISarliiclliana, Dew — 154 oligocarp'i, 1 Uxik 150 oligosperuia, INIx 108, 380 ornuie.i, C. A. Meyer 120 ornilhopoda, Torr 158 ortlwflarlnjs, V. Meyer 175 ovalin, (iood 133 orata, Kudge 135 Pacificu, Drejer 141 palcacm, Walil 149 pallescons, Linn 154 var. undvldta. Gray 154 pallcscms, Hook 153 pallida, C. A. Meyer 114 panicoa, Linn ..." 152 var. Bchbii 152 var. Canbiji, Olney 1.52 var. Mi'adii, Oluey 152 var. nfarta, Olney 153 var. uparMjlora, Wabl. . . . 153 var. tetanica, Olney 152 var. Woodii, Olney 152 panicidata, W. Boott 118 var. ten ( iji.scuto, Wahl. .. . 110 ■ paradoxa, Boott 110 Parry ana. Dew 136, 379 I'arryana, Hook 151 PAGE pauciflora, Lightf Ill paupercula, Michx 150 paupercula, Torr 157 pedunculata, Muhl 157 peUita, Muhl 165 pmdtila, Soinmers 149 Pennsylvanica, Lam 158 \a,T. Muldcnbergii, Gray.. 159 var. vespertina, Bailey. •• 383 I'cnnsylranica, Torr 159, 383 peta.fota. Dew 133 fjetricosa, Dew 137 pliiwslachi/a, .Smith 153 physocarpa, Presl...l47, 169, 388 pinguis, Bailey 129 pinguin, Bailey 377 plantaginea, Lam 157 planhiginea, Sclikuhr 156 platy])hylla, Carey 156 podocarpa, R. Br 149 podocarpa, \\ . Boott 143 podoxlnchijx, Steud 156 polytrichoides, Muhl Ill prairca. Dew 116 j)rasina, Wahl 139 pratensis, Drejer 128 var. furva, Bailey 377 praten.ti/> 377 fTiiicOtliana, Olney 148 Preslii, Steud 378 proh.ra, Fries 146 Pstudo-Cyperus, Linn 174 var. Americana, Hochst. :'>89 var. comosi', W. liuott... . 174 var. comosu, W. Boott. ... 389 Psiudo-CiipcTV,s, Schwein. & Torr.' 174 pubescens, Muhl 101 pidla. Good 147, 109 var. (?) miliaris. Gray .... 169 Fiirsliii, Olney 173 Pyrenaica, Wahl 110 Fijrenaifa, Torr 110 pynformis, Schwein 138 Raeana, Boott 1 08 Raeana, Boott 38() rariflora, Smith 150 rariflora. Roth 151 Kaynoldsii, Dew 151, 382 recta, Boott 146 Rcdowsthiana C. A. Meyer 109 reducta, Drej 147 n/rado, Willd 152 remota, Linn 122, 375 rcmota. Rich 124 retrocurva, Dew 150 retrocxirra. Dew 383 relrqfiexa, Muhl 119 retrorsa, Schwein 172 var. Hartii, Gray 172 408 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE reversa, Spreng 172 Kichardsoni, R. Br 158 rigida, Good 142, 143 var. Bif/eloni, Tuck 142 riparia, W. Curtiss 164 rosea, Schk ll'.i var. minor, Boott 11'.' var. radiata, Dew 119 var. retroflesa, Torrey 119 Rosm, Boott 160 rostrata, With 1 70 var. utriculata, Bailej'... 171 rostralo, With 38S var. M(ncM/(((a, Bailey • •.. 388 rofirata, AVilld 173 rodratn, Michx 166 rotundata, Wald 170 rulumJala, Roth 1 70 rupestris, AUioni 113 v;ir./>n/Himon'h'((nn,Bailey 113 saliiia, Wahl 146, 381 \aT. amlmsta, Bailoy 147 var. cuspidata, Wahl 381 var. nnitica, AVahl 147 var. mutica, Wahl 3S1 var. (?) rolmsta, Bailey. . . 147 var. (?) rohusta, Bailey. 147, 382 var. smbupathficca, Tuck. . . 148 salina, Boott 148 var. ;<., Boott 147 var. minor Boott 1-17, 148 Salterensis, Bailev 382 Sartwellii, 1 >e\v. . ". 373 var. occidentalis, Bailey. . 374 Sarluellii, Dew 114 Saskatchewaiia, Bu'ck 163 Saflcatchcuana 386 saxatilis, Linn 1G9 var. (?) Grahami, Hook. & Arn 170 var. vuijor, (^)lney 170 var. miliaria, Bailey 160 .larililU, Dew 142 var. Bigdorii, Torr 142 saiatilin, Hook 170 scabrata, Schwein 161 scabrior, Saitw 115 Schotlii, Dew 148 Schweinitzii, Dew 1 73 Kcirpina, Tuck 112 scirpoidea, ^lichx 112 scirpoiddi, Schkuhr 126 scoparia, Schk 128, 131 var. Ingapndioidi !!,ToTr. . . 130 var. minor, Boott 131 var. moniliformis, Tuck.. . 130 var. Mimkingumensis, Tuck 129 Scotderi, Torrey 148 sitacca. Dew 115 siccata, Dew 114 PAGH silicea, Olney 378 silicea, Olney 133 Sitchensis, Prescott 148 Smithit, Porter 137 sparaanioides, Muhl 117 var. minor, Boott 117 S})(iri!ijlorii, Steud 1.53 .ipecUibilis, Dew 149 sphtrrnstycjia, Dew 124 Sprengtiii, Dew 162 siiuarrosa, Linn 137 Hans, Drej 144 stcllulata, Good 126 var. angustata. Gray 126 var. confiTta, Chapm 126 var. scirpoides, Gray 126 var. stiTiiis, Torr 126 stenophylla, Vahl 120 sta-ilis, Willd 126 stiTilis, W. Boott 126 sUrilis, vars. \ & ;.,Torr 126 Stemlelii, Kunth 113 f>ti:udilii, Kunth 373 stipata, Muhl 117 straminea, Schk 131 var. alata, Bailey 133 var. ahtta 378 var. aperta, Boott 133 var. inrior, Dew 131 var. chlnrostachy.i, Biuck.. 132 var. Crntvci, Boott 131 var. (Tista In , Tuck 130 var. festucacea, Boott. . . . 132 var. fipuea, Torr 132 var. il/iodii, Boott 131 var. minor, Dew 131 var. mixta, Bailey 133 var. moniliformis, Tuck.. 133 var. moniliformis. Tuck... 378 var siliciu, Bailey 133 var. tenera- Boott 132 var. Intera, Bailey 133 var. ttiii'ia 378 var. typica 131 straminea, Willd 378 var. brevior. Dew 378 var. cumulata, Bailey 378 slrioUi, Carey 174 striahdii, Michx 155 stricta, Lam 144 var. decora, Bailey 145 stricia. Lam 380 stricta. Hook & Arn 146 slrictior, Dew 144 sti/gia, Fries 151 stylosa, C. A. Meyer 151 subspathacea. Wormsk 148 subulata, Michx 166 subimijlora, Steud 154 supina, Wahl 163 INDEX. 409 PAGE syehnocephala, Carey 121, ol6 siilnitica, Dew 161 tonella, Schk 121 Icnelhi, Schk 376 htura, Dew 1 •>! tci^era, Olney 1 32 var. major, Olney 138 lentacnlata, JIulil 1 73 var. Toslrala, Pursli 173 Unlnculata, Muhl 3^'6, 389 tonuiflora, ^Yahl 122 Umuii, Rudge 139 teretiusfula, Gotnl 116 var. ampla, Bailey 374 var. major, Korh 116 var. ramosa, Boott 116 tetanica, Schk 152 var. Meadii, Bailey 152 linn 336 virens, Mnn 336 Cryptogram me, K. I'.r 261 acrosticlioides, R. I!r 261 cris]>(i, var ocro«/»Wioi(/(s,Law8. 261 {nrma, Americana, Hook. . 261 Cuphea, Jacq 323 viscosissima, Jacq 323 Cymtndium hyimale, Pursli 4 Odontorlnznn, Pursli 5 pxdcheUum , 1 'ursli 10 Cynodon, Pers 215 Dacty Ion, I'ors 215 Cynoglossuni 344 occidontalo. Gray 344 Cynosurus, I /inn 217 cristatns, I. inn 217 ucunduf, Pursli 216 Cypbracb.t:, cxvii. . . 92 Cyperus, Linn 92 arislatiis, Rottb 93 diamlriis, Torr 92 var. castaneii.s, Torr 93 erytlirorliizo.s, Miilil 94 esciilentus, l.inn 93 filiculniis, Valil 94 flavescens, Linn 9."> var. ji. cdnliinain, Ptirsli... 93 fltmcomux, Valil 94 inflij-us, Mnlil 93 Ki/UiiKjxoidif, Valil 94 Michiivxidnuf, Hcliiiltes 94 muriscoidi >!, El! 94 phymatodc^, Muhl 93 npens, Ell 93 S(^hweinit/.ii, Torr 93 strigosus, Linn 94 lid/erofrUK, \'alil 93 undnatm, Pursli 93 C'ypripedium, Linn 20, 364 acaule. Ait 22 album, Ait 21 arietinum, R. l!r 20 Calccohu<, Mifhx 20 Canadrme, Miclix 21 guttatuni, Swartz 23 liumile, Pursli 22 montanuin, Dougl 22, 364 occidcn tale, Wat.son 22 parvifiorum, Salisb 20, 364 parriflorum, Ait 21 parvifluTum, Rich 22 pas.serinum, Rich 22 pubescens, Swartz 21 spectabile, Salisb 21 Cyslea hxilbifcra, Smith 280 /rajifc, Smitli 279 montana. Lam 280 Cystopteris, Ijernli 279 bulbifera, Bernh 280 PAGE fragilis, Kernh 279 montana, P.ernh 280 Dactylis, Linn 221 cynomiroidtx, Linn 182 glonierata, Linn 221 Damasoniuni, Juss 79 Californicum, Torrey 79 nanthonia, DC 214 Californica, P.ol 214 \a.r. umnjiicnta, Thurb... 215 intprmedia, Vasey 214 spicata, 15eauv 214 uiiispicata, Munro 215 Delphinium 299 scopulorum, var. glaucum,Gr. 299 scojiulnrum, Gray 299 Dennst.rdlia punctilobidu, ]Moore. . ■ 285 Desmodium 317 canoscens, 1>C 317 Deschaiupsia, Heauv 209, 393 alba, Rom. i*c Schultz 211 atropurpurea, Scheele 209 var. latifolia, Scrib 209 var. minor, Vasey ■•209, 393 liolinica, Walil 210 brevifolia, R. P>r 209 Ciospitosa, 1 ieauv 209 var. arctica, Vasey 210 var. P.ottnica, Vasey 210 var. longiflora, Trin 210 var. (3. major, Hooli 210 var. maritima, Vasey.... 210 calycina, Presl 210 danlhonioldrs, Munro 210 elongata, Munro 210, 393 lalifolia, Vasey 209 Deyeuxia, Clarion 203, 393 aoquivalvis, Lentli. tV; Hook.. 203 Aleutica, Vasey. 203 Aleulica 207 boreal is, Macoun 207 breviaristata, Vasey 203 Canadensis, Hook 204, 393 chaly b;E.i, Fries (?) 393 Columbiana 207 confinis, Kunth 204 crassighimis, Vasey 204 deschampsioides, Vasey 204 liangsdorflii, Kunth 204 Lapponica, Kunth 205 Jlacouniana, Vasev 205 neglecta, Kunth 205 var. Americana, Vasey... 205 var. brevifolia, Vasey 206 var. robusta, Vasey 206 Pickeringii, Vasey 206 Porteri, Vasey 206 purpurascens, Kunth 206 rubescens, Vasey 207, 393 stricta. Coulter 205 412 GEOLOGICAL SURVET OF CANADA. PAGE strigosa, Kuntb 207 Suksdoitii, Scrib 207, 39;! syhatica. Kunth 207 Dicksouia, L'Her 285 pilosiuscula. WilUl 285 puiidilolmki, Kunze 285 i Digildria glalirct, liuivn & Schultz.- 178 Ischaeinvm, Sclireb 178 ; sanyuitiah, Miebx 179 i Dilcjiycum ariMogum, Mx. 195 mimUiJIoriim, Ms 1 !'4 Dioscorea, Linn 26 I paniculaUi, My. 26 I villosa, Linn 2(i I)lOSCOREAC£LE (I'Vii.) 2li Disporum, Salisb 45 Hookeri, Torr 46 laniijiinosa, Don 45 Jlenziesii, Don 45 Urejrana, Wat 46 traibyi arjja, Wat 46 Disticlilis, liaUn 221 maritiuia, IJaf. 221 var. striota, Tburb 221 Dodecatbeon 840 fiigiJum, Cbam. it Scblecht.. 340 Hendersonii, Gray 340 Jefl'rey i, Moore 340 Muuha, Linn., var. friffidurn, Macoun 340 var. lancijoliutn, Jlacoum. 340 var. macrocarpum 340 Draba 305 aitdTOsacca 305 aralrisans, Miclix 305 Fladnizensis, Wulf. 305 incana, Linu 305 var. arabisans, Wats 305 Dryojileris NoivlioracenxiJt, Gray. .. 271 Dulifbiiim, I'ers 94 Canadfitsi; I'ers 94 spatliaceun), Pers 94 Dupoatia, R. Br 228 Cuoleifi, Grav 228 Fisclieri, R. Br 228 jisilosantba, Kupt 228 Eatonia, Kalin 218, 394 obtusata, Gray 218, 394 sub- var. ka'lerioides ..... 394 IVnnsy Ivanica, Gray 218, 394 Echinodorus, Kicb 79 parvulus, Engelui 79 mbtdatus, Engelui 79 Ediinospermum 344 bispiduui, Gray 344 Eleodiaris, .<<<' lleleocbaris. Eludea, Miebx 1 Cauadense, Plaucbou 1 Elodes, Adns 313 campauulata, Pursb 313 P.\GE Virghiica, Nutt 313 Elsboltzia, Willd 349 cristata, Willd 349 Ely nius, Linn 245, 397 Americanus, Vasey & Scrib.. 245 arenarius, Linn 245 var. i. riV/ojfUS, E. Meyer. 246 Canadensis, Linn 245 var. glaucifolius. Gray . . . 246 CoUunbiana 247 condensatus, Presl 246 dasystadiys. Triu 246 glaucifolius, Willd 246 hi/Slrix, Linn 248 Mai'ounii, Vasey 246, 398 mollis, Trin 246 niiidus, Vasey 397 ISiOiricuf, Linn 245 striatus, Willd 247 villonw, Mubl 247 Vancouverensis, Vasey 247 Virginicus, Linu 247 var. :i. submuticus, Hook, 247 rillom.1, Mubl 247 Elijna caricina, Mert. ^^: Kocb 108 fpicala, Solirad 108 Epilobium 323 Epipactis, \\. Br 12 Anuricuna, Liiidl 12 comxdlarioides, Pursb 7 gigantea, Dougl 12 Equisetum, Linn 249 arvense, Linn 249 var. campestre, Milde.. . . 249 Jiuviatil,, Linn 249 by emale, Liun 252 hi/imali, Hook. 251 lievigatuui, A. Brauu 251 liniosuiu, Linu 251 var. />'. candiUibnim, Hook, 250 litlorale, Kubl 251 jialustre, Linn 250 var. polystacbyuin,Hook, 250 pratense, Ebrb 249 raniosissimum, Desf. 252 robustuiu, A. Braun 251 scirpoides, Miebx 252 sylvalicum, Linu 250 Teluiateia, Ebrb 249 tdiginoi'-um, Pursb 251 umbroaiim, Willd 249 variegaiuni, Sddeicber 252 raritgatum var. ■ J., Hook 252 Eragrostis, Beauv 219 I-hidUri. Steud 224 major. Host 219 minor, Host 219 poauidis, Beauv 219 var. megastachya, Gray. . . 219 Pursbii, Sdirad 219 INDEX. 413 PAOB reptanB, Xees 21 9 Ericormt c"-tj>iilaln, Niitt ]9.'? Krii^ernn XH (la<;ellari.s, Gray 3;i4 Er.rocAii.E.K (cxvi) 02 Eriocaulun 92 ]„lhu:i'lum, Mx 92 sfiiilan^ulare, With 92 F.rioplioruu), Linn 102 alpinuin, Linn 10,3 uvgrwlijolinm, Kotli 106 iinijusti/olifim, Torr 106 c^exiiUoxum, Host 103 ciiUilrix, Cham 104 capitatum, Host 104 var. i. Hook 104 Chamii>si/nis,C. A. Meyer l')4 pyperinnm, I.inn 102 s-ar. laxus, Gray 102 gracile, Kocli 106 var. i>aui'inerviuna, Enj;... 106 Huihdtiiiniiiiii, .Mx 103 lineatnni, Benlli. c^ Hook 103 polystacliyon, Linn lOS var. an<;nstifoIinni, Gray. 106 var. ,1 ilichx '. . 105 var. Ittijolium, Gray 105 riisseoliun. Fries 104 Scluiwlizi-ri, Hoppe 104 va2 Euphorbia 354 Esula :^.5 1 hypcricifnlia :'>54 Preslii, Gnss 354 Eulriinui rurtipendyla, Trin 210 olii/ofl'icliyum, Kunth 216 Fagopy rum ?.54 Tartaricum, Gicrtn 354 Frmllerid rlii/ncliiliilroides, Steud.. 1H3 Ftrula dissolula. Wat 3.30 mullifulu. Gray 330 Festuca, Linn . . . ." 233, 396 horialis, Hook 229 brei-ifolia, R. l!r 235 lironwidiv, Mx 237 dinlicliophylla, Mx 221 duriuscula, Linn 233 elatior, Linn 234 Jhiitnnf, Linn 231 Macoun ii, Vasey 236 inicrnstachya, Xutt 234 var. divergens, Tliurb... 234 var. pauc-itiora, tfcrib 234 myurus. Linn 234 ni rrom, Ho rubra, var. L, Hook 230 .scabrella, Torr 236 subulata. Bong 237, 396 suhiUala, Bong 220 subulitlora, St-rib 396 tenolla, Willd 237 FiLicES (cxxi) 357 Ft'jcrkia proscrpinacoidcs 314 Fluminia, Fries 229 arundinacea, Fries 229 arundinacea, Trin 396 Fragaria 319 Virginiana, Diich. var. lUi- noensis. Gray 319 F'ritillaria, Linn 40 Kamtschat<-ensis, Ker 40 lanceolata, I'ursh 40 414 GEOLOGICAL SORVET OF CANADA. I'AfiB var. floribunda, Benth. • ■ 40 pudica, Spreng 40 Geranium 314 disseotutu 314 Gaultlieria 339 ovatifolia, Gray • • ■ • 339 Gentiana 341 alha 341 glauca, Pall 341 linearis, Frcel var. lanceolata, Gray 341 var. latifolia, Gray 341 sceptrum, Griseb 341 Gilia 342 achilleicfolia, Benth 343 aggregata, Spreng 342 fiapitata, Dougl 343 coronopifolia, Pers 342 linifolia, var- pharnacooides, Grav -. 342 Glyoeria, R. "I5r 229, 396 airoides, Thurb 231 aiigustata, Fries 229 aijuatica, Smith 230 arctica, Hook 230 arclica, li. liixn, Dur 230 arundmacea, Kunth 230 arundinacea, Kunth 396 Canadensis Xrin 230 distans, Wahl 231 var. airoides, Vasey. .231, 396 elongata, Trin 231 festue;i>formis, Reich 232 Huitans, R. Br 231 glumaris, Ledeb 225 grandis, Watson 396 Lenimoni, Viisev 232 niaritima, AValil 232 Michaiuii, Kunth 232 nervata, Trin 232 obtusa, Trin 233 pallida, Trin 233 pauciflora, Presl 233 pumila, Vasey 2o3 Glycosma occidentalis, Nutt 327 Godetia 323 hispidula, Wat 323 Goodyera, R. Br 9 Meuziesii, Lindl 10 pubescens, R. Br 9 repens, R. Br 9 Gkaminb,e (cxvm.) 176 Graphephorum, Desv 228 fentucaccum, Gray 229 melipoides, Beauv 228 Wolfii, Vasey 228 Gratiola 347 ebracteata, Benth 347 Griudelia 332 inlegnfolia 332 P.\GB nana, Nutt 332 var. discoidea. Gray 332 Gymnogramme, Desv 258 triangularis, Kaulf. 258 Gyvmodenia (?) tridaitahi, Lindl.. 13 Gymnofliclium hystrix, Schreb 248 Gypsophila, Linn 308 paniculata, Linn 308 Habenaria, Wilkl 13, 363 hlephariglottis, Torr 19 bract«ata, R. Br 14 Chorisianus, Lindl 14 dliaris, R. Br 18 dilatata. Gray 15 elegans, Bolander 17, 363 fimbriata, R. Br 20 fcelida, Wat 17 gracilis, Wat 15 Hookeri, Torr. li Gray 17 var.oblongifolia,.T.A.I'aine 18 hyperborea, R. I5r 14 la"cera, R. Br 19 Icucophcfia, Gray 19 leucostachys, Wat 16 macrophylla, Goldie 18 ilenziesii, Lindl 17 obtusata, Rich 16 orbiculata, Torr. 18 orhUrulata, Hook 17 psycodes, Gray 19, 363 psy codes X lacera 3()3 roiuudi/olia. Rich 12 sparsitiora, Wat 15 tridentata, Hook I'j IJualaschensis, Wat 1' virescons, Spreng 13 viridis, R. Br., var. bractcata Reich 14 HjEMonoitACE.E ^ci v.) 23 Heleocharis, R. Br 97, 372 acicularis, R. Br 97 acuminata, Muhl 373 C(ini>itosa, Link 98 compressa, Sulhv 96 comjtresm, SuUiv 373 intermedia, Schultes 90, 373 rmdticaidis, Hook 95 obtusa, Schultes 95 oblwa, Sch ultes 372 ovata, R. Br 372 palustris, R. Br 95 var. calva, Torr 96 var. glaucescens. Gray. . . 96 var. vigens, Bailey.... •• 373 var. Watsoui, Clarke- . • . 372 pauciflora, Link 98 py gm»a, Torr 97 Kobbinsii, Cakes 95 rostellata, Torr., var. occi- dentalis, Wat 96 INDEX. 415 PAGE tenuis, Schultes 97 ten>ii.-i ^i73 Helianthe.lla, Torr. tV: Gray '.VA-l Donglasii, Torr. it Gray ;!S4 Helonins iliwca, Piir.sli 43 paniculata, Xutt 53 Icnnx. Pursh 43 Hemerocalli.s Linn 33 fulva, Linn 33 Hrfjicroscordon Lcuini, Hook 34 Heterantliera, Ruiz 54 grarainea, Vahl 54 Heterocodon S'JS rariilorum, Nutt 338 HeiiToalylus gruminms, Hook 81 Hioracium '■'•^d aurantiacimi, Linn 336 cynoglossoides, Arvet 337 paniculatuni, Linn 337 Pilosella, Linn., var. Peleter- ianum, Mer 336 Hierodiloa, Gmel 187 alpina, Rd-m. it Sclmltz 187 lH)reaIis, Rci-m. A Scliultz 187 pancitiora, K. P.r 188 Hipopitys 340 limbriata, Gray 340 Holcus, Linn 211 ulpinii.1, Walil 187 fTagrans, Pursh 187 lanaUis, Linn 211 0(/om(t«, Linn 187 Hordenni, Linn 243 jubatuni, Linn 243 niaritiuiuni, With 244 muriunni. Linn 244 nodosum, Linn 244 pratense, Huds 244 pusilluni, Nutt 244 Hosackia 316 bicolor, Dougl 316 Purshiana, Benth 31G subpinnata, Torr. Jc Gray .... 317 HVDK0CHARIDACE.F. (CII.) 1 Hydrocoty le 324 umliellata, Linn 324 Hydropbylluui 343 capitatuni, Dougl 343 occidentale, Grav, var. Fend- leri, Gray • - ." 343 Virginicum, Linn 343 Hydroporum verticillatum, Nees... 108 Hydropyrum esculenlum, Link 183 Hypericum 312 anagalIoides,C'liani.& Schlecht 313 anagalloides, Macoun 312 Ascy ron, Linn 312 Canadense, Linn, var. mini- mum, Chois 312 corymbostim, Muhl 312 I'AGB forniosum, HBK.var. Scouleri, Coulter 313 maculatum, Walter 312 pyriimidaitnn, .Vit 312 .S'ct/»/(-ri, Hook 313 Hyssopus 350 officinalis, Linn 350 Hypoxys, Linn 26 Carolinianum 26 erecta, Linn 26 Ilex 315 verticillala. Gray, var. tenui- folius, Eaton & Wright. . 315 Ilysanthes 348 gratioloidci', Henth 348 riparia, Raf 348 lonidum concolor, Benth. & Hook 307 IUII)ACE.K (CV.) 23 Iris, Linn 23, 364 cauriiia, Hook 24 Hookeri, Penny 24 lacustris, Nutt 24 prismatica, Pursh 364 pri.nnaliai, Pursh 24 Sibirica, Linn 24 tenax, Dougl 24 Iridi-ntata, Hook 24 versicolor, Linn 23 Virginica, Linn 24 ViTglnica, Pursh 23 Virginiai, Linn 364 Isfjetes, Linn 292 Bolanderi, Engelm 293 echinospora, Durieu, var. Braunii, Kngelm 292 lacustri.s, Linn 292 niaritinia. Underwood 293 Nuttallii, A. Braun 293 riparia, Engelm, var. Cana- densis, Engelm 293 Tuckermani, A. Braun 293 i.fo/i'pi.s' kplocaulix, Torr 176 nparla, R. Br 1 76 Juniperus 261 communis, Linn, var alpiiia, Linn 361 JrNCACE.E (c.'i. ) 55 Juncus, Linn 55, 365 acuminatus, INIx., var. n. legi- tinius,Engl 62 acuniinatus, Mx 62 acuminalus, Torr 63 acutiflorus, Hook 61, 62 var. ,J. minor. Hook 63 alpinus, Villars, var insiguis. Fries 62 articulatus, Linn 61 var. pelocarpuK, Gray 62 arcticus, Willd 57 416 GEOLOGICATj survey op CANADA. PAGE var. (?) gracili-'>, Graj' . • • ■ ■')" var. /i. (jTaniliss, Hook 57 var. Sitchensis, Knirel... •'>" Balticiis,var. i litloralis, En;;! "id var. ;. niontanus, Engelni 50 var. Padficwt, Eiigelm ... 57 Ballicxut, Deth 56 BaUicus, Hook 56 hicorniK, Pursh 59 biirlnmis, Linn 58 Bolanderi, Kngelm o(jG bufonius, L tiO var. fasciculiflorus, Boiss. 70 campeMris, Willd 07 Canadensis, J. Gay, var. a. coarctatus, Eneeliu 03 var. «'. longecaudatus 04 Canadenmx, ,i., i. Gay 03 castaneus. Smith 58 Conrudi, Gray 01 Drummondii, E. Meyer... 57, 300 (chinatux, Miild 03 efl'usuH, i.inn 55 var. brunneiis, En- Gerardi, Lois 60, 360 glaucus, Ricli 56 Greenii, Oakes & Tuck 59 Lescurii, Bol 57 longistylis, Torr 00, 306 marginatus, Rostk.,var. pauci- capitatus, Engelm 61 megacephalu.% Wood 63 mdanocarptis, Michx 66 Meiiziem, Gray 60 Menzie»ii, R. Br 60 Mertensianus, Bong 64 var. 3. paniculatus, Engel. 64 militaris, Bigelow 62 Nevadensis, Wat 05 nodosus, var. a. genuinus, Engelm 03 var. megacephalus, Torr.. 03 nodostis, Linn 63 oxy meris, Engelm 300 paradoxus. Gray 04 paradoxus, E. Meyer 62 Parry i, Engelm 57 pelocarpus, E. Mever 01 var. ;. (?) subtilis, Eng. . . 01 pelocarpus, Gray 62 pho:ocephalus, var. ffracUis, Engelm 65 PACE polycephalus, var. crassifolius, Hook 65 var. ;i. paradnxiis, Torr. . . 64 var. ;\ tiiinijoliiis, H(X)k . . 63 Richardnonianiis, Rctm. and Selmlt 62 Roxlhorii, La Harj)e 63 stygin.s, L •^>8 snpiniformis, Engolui 65 tennis, Willd 59 var. ; . congestus, Kngelm. 59 var. fi secundus, Engelm. 59 trilidus. Linn 58 triglumis, Linn 58 ^llilful0!m!', var. minor. Hook.. . 62 var. ,1 nuhtilin, Hook 61 Va^eyi, Engelm 58 xipliioides, E. Meyer, var. a. littoralis, Engelm 65 var. (I. littoralis. Engelm.. 366 var. •'. macrantluis, Eng. . 65 var. macrautliHs, .Macoun. 366 var. ;. raontanus, Engelm 64 var. f. triandriis, Engelm 05 xipliioides. 305 Kobresia, Willd lOS c-ariiina, Willd' 108 gtoliidari.'t, 1 'e\v 109 scirpina, Willd 108 Kocliia, Roth 351 scoparia, Schrad 351 Kculeria, I'ers 217 cristata, Pers 217 var. gracilis. Gray 218 var. major, Vasey 218 (?) P.nusulvanica, DC 218 Iruncaia, Torr 218 Kry nitzkia, Fisch. & Meyer 344 Californica, Gray 344 Choiisiana, Gray 344 circumscissa. Gray 34.5 craisisepala, Gray 31.5 glomerata, Gray 345 leiocarpa, Fisch. & Meyer. . . . 345 leucophiea, Gray 345 plebeia. Gray 344 sericea, Gray 345 Scouleri, Gray 345 l>amium 350 amplexicaule, Linn 350 maculatura, Linn 350 purpureum, Linn 350 Larix 363 Americana, Mx 363 occidentalis, Nutt 363 La.itrea lioottii, Lawson -'76 cristata, Presl 273 dilatata, Presl 275 Filix-mas, Presl 2 74 INDEX. 417 PAHB Jragrana, Presl 27(> (iotdu'tiiKi, I'resl 27;'> ■intcrmfilia, I'resl 27u mnT()imiIi!>, I'resl 274 montawi, Monro 272 Norehomreitins, I'resl 271 Ori'opliri.i, I'resl 272 rigiilii, l^resl 274 .t])inii/iis(i, Pre.'^l 275 var. diliiUila, Lawson 275 TIahijHiw, 1 'resl 272 T-atliyriiM SIS Nuttallii, Wat 318 • ri'noinix. i'l 1 8 Ledum 3:!9 glandulosnm, Nutt :>!!) Leevsia, Swartz 184 f iry zoiiles, Swartz 1 84 Virtiiiiica, WilKl 184 Leimnnlhimn hi/liriiluin, IJiein 51 NiUliillii, Hook 53 Lemna. Linn 74, 3fi8 minor, Linn 75 minor, Linn 308 I«ilyrrliiza, Linn 75 poliirrliizii, Linn 3()8 trisulca, L 74 Lemnacb.i-: (cxiii. ) 74 Leplurithus (jramhieun, Mx 54 Leptotienia, Nutt 330 ilissecta. Nutt 330 mnililida, Nutt 330 Li'ptnnix ]tn)iiculatns, Xntt 215 Lesciuorella, Watson 305 arctica, Wat 3(K) var. I'ursliii, Wat '.'>(»> Dontrlasii, Wat 300 Ludoviciana, Wat 305 var. arenosa, Wat. :'>05 Ligustioum ;j:i7 Grayi, C. & R 327 Lila?a, Humb. & Lonpl 81 subulata, HLK 81 LiUACEAE (eviii.) 20 Lilium, Linn ;jS Canadeuse, Linn 38 ynT.parviJlijrum, Hook .".0 var. itiipcrlmm, Ehves 30 Carolinianum, Miclix 31) Colnmbianum, Hanson 39 pardutinum,va.r. llurija:l, liaker 38 parrum, Kell 39 I'biladelphicum, Linn 38 Fhiladclpliicum, var. .1 Hook.. 39 pndicum, Pursh 40 mperlmm, Linn 39 mnlitllatum, Pursh 38 Limnantlie.s 314 DougkiHi 314 Macounii, Trelease 314 PAGE lAmnelen c>/noxiiroidrs, Mx 182 juni-ea, Pers 182 Linwdnntm lulitruaimi, Mx 10 Liniosella I>47 aquatiia, Linn. var. tennifolia, Hollni 347 Linuni 314 I..e\visii, I'ursb .';14 peretinr, Linn ."•14 var. Ltwini, Kat. and Wright 314 Liparis, Rich :'> Lu'selli, Rich "> Listera, U. Br (> L'onvallarioides. Null 7 cordata, R. Ur G Enchxchnhzuina, Cham 7 Lloydia, Salisb 42 serotina, Rjich 42 Loliuni, Linn 240 perenne, Linn 240 temulentum, Linn 240 Loniaria, Willi! 2(i3 spicant, Desv 2ii3 Luina 335 hyjioleuca, Bonth 335 Lupinus 315 aridus, l)ou15 micranthus, I lon^rl 315 var. Mco/or, Wat 315 var. ndcrophyllus, Wat.- 315 microearpus, Sims 315 Luzula, DC 05, 300 arcuala, Hook 09 campestris, Desv OS var. a. vul}inn 287 alpinum, Linn 291 annotiimm, Linn 289 var. alpestre, Harim 289 var. pungens, Spreng 289 clavatum, Linn 290 var. i. monostachyon, Hook 290 var. tar]iya Erayrosth, Leauv.... 219 Melanlhium, Linn 51 hi/hridum, Pnrsh 51 Virginicum, Linn 51 Melica, Linn 220, 394 acuminata, Bol 220, 394 aristata, Thurl)er 220, 394 bulbosa, Geyer 220 HulUi, Vasev 236 Harfordii, Bol 220 poa'oidts, Torr 220 spectabilis, Scribner 395 MeUlotus 316 PAOB parviflora, Desf 316 Melissa 350 officinalis, Linn 350 Meiitzelia 324 dispersa, AVat 324 Microsly lis, Nutt 2 hracluipoda, (iray 2 diphyllos. Lindl 3 nionophyllos, Lindl 2 ophioglossoides, N utt 2 crphioglossoidef, Pursh 2 Milium, Linn 193 effusum, Linn 193 ptingcmt, Torr .192 racimosum, Smith 193 Milla i/randiflora. Baker 34 A;/(idn(Ain(/, Baker 34 marilima 34 Mimulus 347 nioscliatus, Dougi., var. sessi- lifolius, Gray 347 Jloneses 339 grandiflora, Salisb 3,39 unifliira S^9 Muehlenbergia, Scbreber 194, 391 (irislaUi, I'ers 195 Brachyelytntm, Trin 195 Cinna, Triu 202 diirusa, Schreb 194 trecta, Schreb . • • 195 elomerata,Trin 194, 391 .Mexicana, Trin 194 petuhda, 15ong 202 sylvatica, Torr. & Gray 195 Willdenovii, Trin 195 Munroa, Torr 217 squarrosa, Torr. 217 Muscari, Torr 364 botry oides, Mill 364 Musenium 325 diraricatum, Nutt., var. Hookeri 325 tenuifolium 325 trachyspermum, Nutt 325 Myosotis 346 palustris, With 346 Myosurus 296 a})etalu.s, < jay 296 ariKtalus 296 minimus, Linn., var. lepturus. Gray 296 minimus 296 Myrica 355 Gale, Linn 355 Myriophylluui 322 alternifolium, DC 322 Naiadacb.e (cxv.) 79 Naias, Linn 91 Canadensis, Mx 91 flexilis, Rostk. & Schmidt .... 91 INDEX. 410 PAGE Narthecium glutinomm, Mx 44 pmdlum, Mx 43 Nasturtium 30(1 obtusum, Nutt 301 palustre, DC. var 300 Ni-illia (ipulifolia, Bentli. & Hook. 318 Nemophila 343 Menziesii, Hook. A Arn 343 NtoUui cemua, Pursli 8 pubescens, Pursh . .■ 9 repens, Pursh !> Ni'phrodium aerosltchoides, Michx. . 277 (ti>j]lenoides, Miclix -67 liiUln/erum, Miolix 280 /Thtotum, Michx 273 hriioptms, Miclix 270 Ftiix-fiiminti, Michx 267 Filu--maJi, Rich 274 fraj/rann, Rich 276 GMitanum, Hook. iV: Grev. . . 273 miiri/iniik, Michx 274 puuclUolnUum, Michx 28.5 riijitlnlum, Miclix 283 r'Kjiilum, Desv 274 njiiniilomm, Desv 275 tmtu', IMichx 279 TliclypUTis, Desv 272 I'lirhiptcrukics, Michx 271 Nuphsr." 300 advena, Ait., var. niin'or, Morons 300 Ivtcmii, Smith, var. (?) 300 Nymi)h;rii 300 odoriita, var. minor, Sims 300 P!igm;m, Ait 300 reiiiformis, DC 300 tetrajrona, Georgi 300 tiihromi, Paine 300 Oakesia, Watson 36.') sessilii'olia, Wat 45, 365 ffiuanthe i 327 sarmentosa, Presl 327 Oniphalotles, Tuurn 344 nana, t'tray 344 Onohrychis 317 sativa. Lam :'.l 7 Onodoa, Linn 281 nodiUosu, Schk 281 sensihilis, Ijinn 281 Slrnthiopteris, Hofl'. 281 Oi'nioiii.ossACEiK (cxx.) 253 Ophioglossum, Linn 253 vnlgatuni, Linn 253 Ophryu ctrmm, Mx 8 coraltorhiza, Mx 5 cordata, Mx 6 OjAismenus Cruf-galli, Kunth 177 muricaliis, Kunth 1 77 Orcuid.ace.e (cm.) 2 Orchis, Linn 12 P.4GE aristata, Fiaoh 12 blqiliariglnUin, Pursh 19 briirUtita, Pursh 14 cilviri!!, I'ursli 18 clurtlUiUi, Mx 13 dilatata, I'ursh 15 Jtvibriata, I'ursh 1!) fuscefcen/!, Pursh 13 liumUi.i, Mx 12 hyprrborea, Pursh 14 incisa, Pursh 19 laciTU, Mx 19 lalifoUa, Linn 12 kucoiilaia, Nutt 19 obliu:ata, Pursh 1(> orbiciUala, Pursh IS pitycudeK, Pursh 19 rotundifolia, Gray 12 spectabilis, Linn 12 Iridaihita, Pursh 13 Orthocarpus 348 cast! Ileioicles, P>enth 348 tenvifolitix 348 Oryzopsis, :\Iichx 192, 390 a.si)enf'olia, Mx 192 i:!>pmloUa, Kunth 193 Canadensis, Torr 192 cnspidata, I'.enth liK?, 390 melanocarpa, .Mulil 193 parvtjloTa, Nutt 192 Osmorrhi/.a 327 Occident aMs, Torr 327 Osmunda, Linn 286 cinnamouiea, Linn 286 Clay toniana, Linn 286 hitiirupta, Miclix 286 rogalis, Linn 286 vdT. upcvldbilif:, Milde..-. 286 spccluMis, Willd 286 Oxy coccus 338 vulgaris, var. intermedium Gray 338 Panicum, Linn 1 76, 389 agrostoides, Spreng 176 capiliare, Linn 177 rtaiideftiiiuin, Hook 179 Cnisgalli, Linn 177 var. hispidum, Ell 177 depauperatum, Muhl 177 dichotoinuni, Linn 178 var. nitidum. Lam 178 var. pubescens. Gray.... 178 var. spltxrocarpon, Gray.. 179 elongalum, Pursh 176 glabrum, ' aud 178 glauc.um, Linn 180 iiivolvluniflL orr 177 laiilnlium, Linn 179 laxitlorum, Lam 179 420 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. TAOB microcarpuin, Miihl., var. spliiororarpon, Vasey 179 muricalum J 77 n»h(/»ni, Lam 178 var- baibulatiiin, AIx 3S9 pancirtorum, Ell 17!' ]>auc[ri(jrum, Ell 1^>0 puhesceriK, Lam 17M rrclTum, Kffiiii & Sohiiltes 177 sanguinale, Linn 17'J scoparinm. Lam ISO «/i50 macrocarpa, Cham. & Sehl • . . 350 Plalanlhcra hUpliiirigloltis, Lindl.. 19 ChoriManus, Lindl 14 ciiiaris, Lind 1 18 dilatata, Lindl 15 elegans, Lindl 17 Jimbriata, Lindl., var. a., Hook. 20 var. ,*., Hook 19 Jiava, Gray 13 gracilis, Lindl 15 graminea, Lindl 15 htrhiola, Lindl 13 holopt'tala, Lindl 19 Hooken, Lindl 17 Huronfiiais, Lindl 14 hirperhorea, Lindl 14 incixa, Lindl 19 Konigli, Lindl 14 leucostaclii/!', Lindl 16 MtJiziem, Lindl 17 ohtuxata, Lindl 16 orbiculaia, Lindl 18 psycndes, Lindl 19 rutundifolia, Lindl 12 iSchisclimariJfiana, Lindl 17 stricUi, Lindl 15 tipvdmdea, Lindl 13 Platyspermum, Hook 302 scapigerum. Hook 302 INDEX. 421 PAGE Pleuro|X)gon, R. Br 220 Sabinii, K. Br. 220 Poa, Linn. 222, 395 abbreviata, R.Br 222 airoidea, Xutt 231 alpina, Linn 222 alsodes, Grav 222 andina, Nutt 223 var. purpurea, Vasey .... 223 andina, 'Sutt 224 var. purpurea, Vasey 395 anguKlala, R. Br 229 annua, Linn 223 aqualica, Pursb 230 var. ,■?. Annncana, Torr.. 230 arclica, R. Br 224 Bolanderi, Vasev 223 bormk. Hook. . . ". 221 casia, Smith 223 var. strictior, (iray 223 Californica, ^■asey 224 Cari(((/<7i.>fi'.'<, Beauv 230 ceuisia, All 224 compressa, Linn 224 crocala, Michx 22G cuspidata, Vasey & Scrib 224 debilis, 'lorr 224 var. acutiflora, Vasey 225 Eatoni, Wat 225, 395 eloiigala, Torr 231 Uragrostis, Linn 219 fasdculata, Hook 231 feMuc.rforinif, Host 232 flavicans, Ledeb • . 225 m-uum, Wahl 224 "fulva, Trin 229 glauca, Vabl 222 Sihimaris, Trin 225 Ho« ellii, V. A S 225 laxa, H;enk 225, 395 leptocoiiia, Trin 225 Macounii, \'asey 225 Michauxii, Kunth 221 nemoralis, Linn 225 7i<7)iora/i.«, Hook 223 nemoralif^. Torr 222 ncrrala, Willd 232 Nevadeusis, Vasey . ....22G, 395 Nutkaensis, Presl 226 obtuxa, Muhl 233 paluxtri!^, Mubl 226 parviftura, Pursh 232 prateusis, Linn. 226 purjiurascens. Vasey 226. 395 njilans, Miohx 219 serolina, Ehrh 226 var. crccta 227 var. Hallii 227 stenantba, Trin 227. 395 striata, Michx 232 PAGE subaristata, Scrib 227, 395 tenuiflora. Xutt 227 var. Orejzona, Vasey 227 trivialis, Linn 227 Vaacyana, y&T. angustijolia . . . 395 Pogonia, Juss 11 ophioglossoides, Ker 11 pendula, Lindl 11 verticillata, Nutt 12 Polanisia 306 grartolenit, Raf 306 tracliysperma, Torr. & Gray. . 306 PoUinia ncoparia, fjpreng 185 Polygonatum, Adans 28 anguslifolium, Pursh 28 bit'oruni.Kll 28 canaiicutalum, Pursh 28 giganteum, Diotr 28 hirlum, Pursh 28 latifoliurn, VuTsh 28 var. commutatum. Baker. . 28 mulliflorum, Desf 28 mtdliflorxim, Hook 28 multiflorum, Pursli 28 puhiscensi, Pursh 28 Polygonum 352 coarctatum, Dougl 352 Doughisii, Greene 352 emersum, Muhl. (?) :'>53 incarnalum ;>53 intermedium, Nutt 352 | iapathifolium, Linn ... 353 var. incanum, Kocli 353 var. incarnatum, Wat... 353 minimum, Wat 352 Muhlenbergii, Wat 353 MuhlmUrgii, Macoun 353 nodofnim, Pers 353 Tartaricum , Linn 354 Poly ixjdium, Linn 257 alpestre, Hoppe 271 buthiferum, Linn 280 calcareum, Pursh 270 carnosum, Kellogg 2-38 conrnctitf, Mx 267 Dryopteri.i, Linn 270 var. catcarnim, Gr 270 falcatum, Kellogg 258 glgcyrrhiza, Eaton 258 lu'xagonoptirum, Michx 270 Plugr/pteris, Linn 269 var. mojux. Hook 270 Roheriianum, Hoff 270 Scouleri, Hook i<: Grev 2.58 Virghiianum, Linn 257 vulgare, Linn 257 var. Amcricanum, Hook. . 257 Poly pogon, Desf 201 alopecurvides, Buckl 198 Jxtgax, Boland 201 422 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA. PAGE glomeralw, Willd 194 littoralis, Smith 201 MonspelieDsis, Desf 201 ra<'fino.«i{S, Nutt 194 sf^o.ni^, Spreng 194 Polyslichnm acronlichordes, S(?hott. . 227 aculeatum, Moore, var. Brauvii, Watt 27S angulare, Presl., var. Braunii, Lawson . . 278 Braunii, LawsOn 278 crintatum, Roth 273 Filix-mas, Koth 274 Jragrann, Ledeb 276 Lonchiiu, Roth 277 marginale, Watt 274 munittim, Presl 277 Norehoracetme, Watt 271 Thdiipitrts, Roth 272 Pontederia, Linn 53 angustifoliu, Pursh 54 cordata, Linn 53 var. angiistifolia, Gray. .. 54 PoNTBDBRIACBJi I CVUI. bis.) 53 Putamogeton. I>inn 81, 309 alpinus. Balbis 309 ampUfolius, Tuck 84 angvj>tifolia, Presl 370 aefpilosm, Notte 371 Claytonii, Tuck 82 Ckiijtomi, Tufk 309 comprcfisa. Fries 86 ditlymvs. Wall 309 difcri>ifoHiu<, Hook 83 tilifoTmis, I'ursh S3 Habellata, Bab 371 fluitans, Roth 369 Jhdtaiu, Pursh 83 .Priem, Rupr 371 gramintmn, Mx 86 gramineus, Linn 84 var. graminifolius, Fries- 84 var. heterophyllus, Fries. 84, 370 var. maximus, Morong.. 84 gramineus 370 heterophyllus, Sclireb 370 liiltrophyilus, Schreb 84 hybridus, Mx 83 lucens, Linn 85, 370 var. ociiminalux, Schun . . 371 var. minor, Notte 85 lucens, Mx 85 lonchites, Tuck S3 lonchites, Tuck 368, 370 var. Americaniis 308 marinus, Linn S8 var. Macounii, Morong.. 88 var. occidentalis 88 microstachys 369 PAGE mucronatus, Schrad 88, 371 natans, Linn 81 var. rfi(i(ans, Torrey 83 ^ var. ,i., Hook 82 var. prolixus, Kocli. . . .82, 309 A'iagariiJsis, Tuck 87 Oakesianus, Tuck 82 obtusifolius, Mert. & Koch.86, 370 obtuMfoiius 88 pauciflorus, Pursh 86 var. Xiagarensis, Gray . . 87 pectinatus, Linn 88, 372 var. "., Hook 88 var. i., Hook 88 var. hlifolius. Wat 88 var. (?) tatifoiiiix, Robbins 89 var. longissimns, Mertens and Koch 372 var. pseudo-marittus, Ben- nett 372 forma, salina, Voch 372 var. tcnuismmus 89 piclimitiis, Ledeb 371 I'onnsy Ivanicus, Cham 369 perfoliatus, Linn 85 var. lanceolatus, Kobbins 86 var. I'inciolatiu!, Robbins. 370 var- Ridiardsonii, Bennett 370 prrelongus, Wulfen. 85 pumiltijf, ^\'olfgaDg 369 jmsilhis. Linn 87 var. eloiigatus. Bennett . . 371 var. major, Fries 88 var. panormitanns, Biv.. 87 var. vulgaris. Fries 87 jntMllum, Hook 86 Robbinsii, Oakes 89 rufescens, Schrad S3 ru/tscms, Schrad . 369 ratilans, Wolfgang 371 rutilus, Wolfgang 88, 371 serotinus, Schanl 369 setaceus, Pursh 83 spirillus, Tuck 83 vaginatus, Turcz 371 Vaseyi, Robbins 82 Zizii, Roth 85, 370 var. tnethyensis, Bennett 370 zosterifolius, Schum 86 Poterium 319 annuum, Nutt 319 Sanguisorba, Linn 319 Sitchense, Wat 319 Potlios /'itidus, Pursh 73 Primula 340 Egaliksensis, Hornem 340 Sibirica, Jacq 340 Prinos icrticdlatus, L 315 Prosarles Hookeri, Torr 46 lanuginosa, Don 45 INDEX. 423 PAGE Menzieni, Don 45 Oregaria, Wat 46 trachycarpa, Wat 46 Prunus 318 Virginiana, Linn., var. (?) 318 Pmmma httoralis, Beauv 208 Psilocarpus, Nutt 334 Oreganus, Nutt., var. elatior, Grav 334 tenelliis, Nutt 334 Pteris, Linn 262 aquiliiia, Linn 262 var. lanuginosa, Bong — 262 alropurjtnrca, I Ann 260 gracilis, Mx 260 lanuginosa, Bong 262 PycnantTiemum 349 muticum, l're.s., var. pilosum, Gray 349 QuercHS. . . . .' 355 ambigwi, Mx 356 coccinea, Wang., var. anibigua, Gray 356 Garrvana, Dougl 355 Jacobi, R. Br 355 obtusnluha, Michx 356 rubra 356 st, Anders 358 Falladi, Anders 359 phlebopliyllu, Anders 359 pliyllicoides, Anders 357 Ricbardsoiii, Hook 359 var. JIafouniaua, Bebb.. 359 speciosa, Hook, ct Am I!(i0 (enera 359 Salvini.vcb-E (cxx v. ) i'94 Sandjucus 331 glauca, Null 331 Sanicula 324 Canailtnxis, l.inn 324 Howellii, C. & R 324 Warilandica, Linn 324 var. Canadensis, Torr. . . . 324 Kevadensis, Wat 325 Satyrium repent, Mich 9 Saxifraga 321 foliosa, R, Br 321 occidentalis, Wat 321 reflexa,!.Hook 321 PAGE stellaris, Linn., var. comosa, Poir 321 Virginiensis 321 Scbedonnardus, Steiid 215 Texanus, Steud 215 Scheuchzeria, Linn 81 palu.slris, Linn 81 Scbiztta, Smith 285 pusilla, Pursh 285 Schtcnus alhu/t, L 107 capitdlalua, Michx 107 glomeratus, Linn 107 fucu.', Linn 10(> marincoidcs, Mulil 107 ixtaceris, Muhl 107 SchoUira graminea, Willd 54 Scilla Fraatri, Gray 37 Scirpus, Linn 98 acicuUaris, Linn 97 Amtricanus, Pers 99 atrovirens, Muld 101 Bceothryon, Elirli 98 ctespitosus, Linn 98 cnpilldceus, Jlicbx 97 capitaltis, Vahl 95 Clintonii, Gray 175 Eiiphorum, Mx.,var. c'lperinw, Gray... ". 102 var. la.nis, Gray 102 lluviatilia. Gray 100 lacustris, Linn 99 var. occidentalis, Wat. . . 100 Icnlicukiris, Torr 1 01 lineatus, Vahl 103 maritimus, Linn 100 var. (?)/itna(i7is,Torr... 100 var. 1 rruicroslacUys, 'Sis.. 100 mirrocarjmf, Presl 101 mturronatits, Vahl 99 Nevadensis, Wat ■ 99 ovatus, Vahl 95 palustris, Vahl 95 pauciflora, Lightf 98 planifoliv^, Muhl 1 75 jwlyphyltwi, \ii\tl 1(11 pnngens, Vahl 99 pusilluJ!, Vahl 97 pygrmcus, G ray 1 70 riparius, Spreng 1 76 robuatu.'-; I'ursh 100 roxtilliitu.t, Torr 96 riifiis, Wald 101 SjMtlmcdts, Mx 94 subteruiinalis, Torr 9h sylvaticu-'!, Linn 101 var. atrofintis, < iray 101 var. digynus, Boeck 101 tenuis, Wilki 97 triquekr, Mx 99 tahdus, Vahl 99 INDEX. 425 PAGE Scleria, Berg triglomerata, Mx verticillata, Mulil Scolochloa festucacea, Link Scolopendrinm, Smith ufficinanun, Swartz viilgare, Smith Scrcphularia Cahfornica, Chain lanceolata. Piirsh nodosa, Linn., var. Mari- landica, Gray Scutellaria antrustifolia, I'ursh Secalf , Linn sativum, l^inn Sednm Oreffanum, Nutt. Selaginella, Beauv apus, Spring rupestris, Sprinft var. ,i., Hook wlaymmdeK, Link spinosa, I'eauv Selaginexlack.k (cxxii.) Selinum Canadinne Dawsoni, ('. ik R Pacificum, Wat Seneeio aureus, liinn., var. subnudus, Gray sylvaticus, Linn SerpiciUa occidmhtlis, Pursh Setaria, Beauv glauca, lieauv Italica, Kuntli verticillata, Beauv viridis, Beauv Sidalcea malvfeflora, (iray Oregana, (iray Silene Cucubalus, Wibel Douglasii. Hook mflaia multicaulis, Nutt Silybum Marianum, Gaertn Sisymbrium humile, C. A. Meyer huriiile Pannonicum, Jieg sinapistrum, Crantz Sisyrinchium, Linn 25, anceps, Cav angustifulium, Mill Bermudiuna, Mx var. anceps, Gray 28 108 108 108 :!9t) :«ic 208 2fiS 208 :!4fi :!47 347 346 350 350 243 243 322 322 291 292 291 292 291 291 291 328 »27 328 328 335 335 335 1 180 180 181 181 181 313 313 313 309 309 309 309 309 336 336 304 304 303 305 30-^ 363 25 364 25 25 P.\GE var. mucronatun^, Gray. • . 25 Californifum, Ait 25 granditlorum, Dongl 25 Hncalum, Torrey 25 muiTiinatum, Six 25 miwroiHihim, Michx 364 Smilacina, Desf. 30, 364 amplexieaulis, Nutt 31 amptcj'icuiUis 364 huraUm, Pursh 47 W/o/i Triglocliin, l.iim 79 inaritiimini, I, 80 var. elatuni, dr 80 palustre, L 79 Trigonella 31(i conticulahi 31(! lianiosa, Mnn 310 Trillium, Linn 48 camtxriialiiiim, I'ursli 50 fernuuin, l.inn 50 cernumn, Wat 49 erectum, Linn., var. albnni, Pursh 49 var. atropurpureum, Hook 48 var. detlinatum, Gr 49 var. ochrolouiuni. Hook. 49 erytliroiarpuni, Michx 50 }:randifloruni, Salisb 50 (jranditloTum, Honk 50 oboralum, I'lirsh 48 ovatuui, I'ursh 50 piclum, Pursh 50 rlmmhridrum, var. atropvr- purtum, M ichx 48 var. grand iflorum, Mx. . . 50 Triphoru pendula, Nutt 11 Trilapsis, P>eauv 217 purpurea, Chap 217 Trisetuni, Pens 211, 394 airoideK, Rurn. & Schultz 212 caiiescens, Bvickl 211, 394 cernuum, Trin 211, 394 datum, Bol 211 TOoffi'.Trin 212 subspicatum, Beauv 212 var. molle, Gray 212 Triti'leia grandiflora, Lindl 34 Triticum, Linn 243 icgilopiodes, Turcz 242 caiiinum, Schreb 241 PAGE var. ,J., Hook 242 dcntiintuclnium, (jtay 241 rcpma, Linn 242 var. dasiinlacliimm, Hook. 241 var. glaunim, Vasey 242 strigofnmi. Less 24 1 violaceum, Hornem 243 vulgare, Linn 243 Tsujra 362 Pattoniana, Engelni 302 Tunica, Scop 3(iS saxifraga, Scop 308 Turritis brdclii/aiTjJd, Torr. tt Grav 303 glabra, Torr. & Gray ". 303 var. [i., Torr. & (iray 303 Ktricta, Torr 303 Typha, l.inn 69 an-ju.stifulia, Linn ... 09 latifulia, Linn 69 Tvi'H.uB.v. (cxi.) 69 Udora Canadenxis, Nult 1 verticillata, Spreng 1 Uncinia l/rmnHa, Torr 109 Urachne. anprrifolia, Trin 192 lirericaudata, Trin 192 lanata, Trin 193 ItucoirjKruw, Link 192 racemosa, Trin 193 Uralipis purpurtii, Nult 217 Urtica 354 holosericea, Nutt 355 Lyallii, Wat 354 Utricularia 348 gibba, Linn 348 minor, Linn 348 Uvularia, Linn 44 grandiflora. Smith 45 taiiiiymosa, Pursh 45 laiiuijiTwsa, Pers 46 lanuginosa, Hook 46 var. niiy or. Hook 46 jjerfoliatia, Linn 44 var. major, Michx 45 var. mitior, Michx 44 pubcrula, Ricli 46 sessilifolia, Linn 45 se.isitifolia, Linn 365 Smilhii, Hook 45 Vaccinium 338 occidentale, Gray 338 uliginosum, Linn., iar. mu- cronatum. Herder 338 Vahlodea a Iropurjmrea 393 Valerianella, Tourn 331 anomala, Gray 331 Vallisneria, Linn 1 Americana, Mx 1 spiralis, Linn 1 Veratrum, Linn 51 album, Mx 51 428 QEOLOGICAL SURVEY OP CANADA. PARE var. Enchjtcholtzii, Dawson 51 EncliKchollzii, Gray 51 virido, Ait.. .* 51 Verbena 349 bracteosa, Michx 349 Vesicaria armoKa, Rich 305 arctica. Rich 306 Lvdoviciana, DC 305, 306 Vicia 317 Americana, Mulil., var. trun- cata, I'rewer 317 Vilfa, arundhiacea, Trin 201 a^pera, Logie 197 u^erifolixui, Nees. & Meyer. . . 197 crjfptandra, Trin 197 cuxpiilala, Trin 197 tlepauperala, Torr. 197 hetiTohpis, Gray 198 slolonifera, Hook. & Arn 200 tinutcinsima, Hook ... 198 vaginufflora, Torr 198 vililif, Torr 197 Vinca, l,inn 341 minor, Linn 341 Viola 307 blanda, AVilld., var. pulustri- formis. Gray 307 var. renifoUa, Grav 307 hlimda •• .. 307 canina, L., var. puberula, Wat 3ii8 var. ruptd(n.«, Regel 308 cuciUlota, Ait 308 var. cordata, Gray 308 var. pnlniala. Gray 307 delphinifolia, Nutt 308 Langsdortlii, Kisch 308 yutlatlii, var. pnrmorsa, Wat. 308 var. lingxuefolia, 307 palmata, Linn 307 var. cucullata, Gray 308 pedatifida, G. Don 308 prjemorsa, Dougl 308 primultefolia, Linn., var. oc- cidentalis, Gray 307 PAGE var. scabnusculn, T. & G. . 308 reni/nlia, Grav 307 Wolffia, Horkel . .". 76, 368 Brasiliensis, Weddell 76, 368 Columbiana, Karsten 76, 368 Woodsia, K. Br 282 alpina, S. F. (iray 282 var. glabella, Eaton 282 glabella, R. Br 282 hyperborea, R. Br 282 Ilvensis, R. Br 283 obtiisa, Torrev 283 Oregana, D. C. Eaton 284 scopulina, D. C. Eaton 284 Wood wardia, Smith 264 Banitteriana, Miclix 264 YuliipUroides, Pursh 264 Virginica, Smith 264 Xerophvllum, Mx 43, 365 tenax, Xutt 43, 365 Xyride.f. (cix.) 54 Xy ris, Linn 54 Cnroliniami, Pursh 54 flexuosa, Muhl., var. pusilla, Gray 54 Jupacai, Mx 54 Zannichellia, Linn 90 palustris, Linn 90 Zizania, Linn 183 aquatica, ]>inn 183 clavulota, JIx 1 S3 Zizia, Koch 325 auroa, Koch 325 cordata, Koch 326 Zostera, Linn 90 marina, Linn 90 Zygandenus, JIx . 52 clUorantlitis, Rich 52 elegans, Pursh 52 glaucu.!>, Nutt 52 iXutlalHi, Gray 53 paniculatus, Wat 53 venenosus, Wat 53 QK Macoun, John 201 Catalogue of Canadian M34 plants pt.^-5 cop. 3 Biological Si I^'lfdical PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY