Cat Lb rok Ca) | sant Volume XXII December, 1922 Number 5 - TECHNICAL PUBLICATION NO. 16 OF NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF FORESTRY AT SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY F. F. MOON, Dean Papers from the Department of Forest Entomology Published Quarterly by the University Syracuse, New York Entered at the Postoffice at Syracuse as second-class mail matter ~ ‘yong Aq umerq “Uorze}g WoTWe[OD J UOTPBoo] ay} Surmoys ‘YIOX MON ‘uosay ayy Arsroquesg ey} Jo dv —'L ‘SIA Ss ‘sdureg 42GUMT Stn 13 ~osnoy urEgUunoyrePspuT CF yous syIns' GF suey 2NG TF FPP gooyng bucy Ash No Vil 4 onbpexesy 9 bog s1g1Be. rusepUnoy wespUT OD peers xang li ‘sez unoH FO) PF caangnyr oq, wib-s5f, TF wasseg saniy 9ssvgg aor) Pum Aqui, 4K PME? smaproy a0 aban 14 MoT hsaquerg oF Pusey YG FH “UlEBUNY SBAY BF Ly Ue OF Purysf beg Z Oror)puez aqui, nqnyy dure .cranurrg arowaydas 75 ‘GNOLIWLS DNILDSTIOD-ens LY SNOILVLS DNILDETION NIVW * OvVOUNIVS Het ovod = = =O ALOL==== Vella aNi9a1 ty Uy f Y) re y Or, E 1 ‘ «i 0 fh ror pees beng are? worse rome hgh ealrareg ry? top meen mrcnyles FIAT ff \7 — )) LYAS a ae CME A Re ag ieee tet eed wee vetiee ele ae ayrce ”~ se a rere Mer har ner spate ryt at ell iat lee ae OO ee bn hearse ap coonte PERNA SNE Ri iy sha Yo ne mappa ae ERE re, USER RD ag ’ , rn WADERS Pets toe ne ene . IG OE POI all acai a Salen ee vena Scr Wheat nigey marenitnas “etnies ey 5 AK nd ‘ RIT j (4 "> eS PUN SG ' a” w feat) |< LAY. ri > EN) AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE HEMIPTERA OF THE CRANBERRY LAKE REGION, NEW YORK By HERBERT OSBORN AND CARL J. DRAKE For the purpose of this study it is proposed to use an ecological grouping based on the primitive forest conditions or forest cover of the region with particular recognition of the modification caused by the lumbering or cutting of the large conifers and part of the hardwoods, and the subsequent burning of certain cut-over tracts. These factors have operated to produce a very different combina- tion of organisms, in part because of the different plant associa- tions which have formed a succession for the forest cover, but largely owing to the evident killing out of certain members of the original fauna. The latter is probably due to the disappearance of the food plants concerned or in some cases no doubt to the actual elimination of the species in certain areas occasioned by the destruction of the vegetation and duff through fire. While the boundaries of the groups are not in all cases well defined, and as each may carry a varied flora aside from the domi- nant plant species, there is usually a rather definite limit for each. In any ease the hemipterous fauna for each association is fairly well defined. It is true that certain species. which disregard all limitations of host plants may enter a number or even all of the communities, but this does not invalidate the general rule and in many cases the restrictions to certain host plants or to a special environment is very marked. The Cranberry Lake Region (fig. 1) as here delimited includes the lake proper and adjacent tracts. The former, including bays and flows, has a maximum length of about nine miles. The total distance around the lake is approximately 160 miles. The altitude is about 1,485 feet above sea level.* The valleys, bogs, swamps, lakes, marshes, streams, hills and low mountains give considerable physiographical diversity within a small area. The original forest cover (birch, beech, maple, spruce, pine, | hemlock, balsam, larch, etc.) has been modified in most tracts by lumbering and fire (burns). The ‘‘burns’’ and eut-over areas are in various stages of rehabilitation and offer the most varied and most favorable breeding places for Hemiptera. The ‘‘plains,”’ hogs, Swamps, marshes, ete., present the usual combination of plant association. An excellent and detailed discussion of these, includ- ing the biological conditions, has been published by Bray} in ‘“‘The Development of the Vegetation of New York State.’’ The collecting regions mentioned in these pages are marked by the * The camp site is about 1,500 feet above sea level. _ +Bray, W. L. The Development of the Vegetation of New York State. Tech. Pub. No. 3, N. Y. State College of Forestry, Syracuse, N. Y. [5] 6 New York State College of Forestry absence of oak, sycamore, hickory, walnut, hackberry, elm and basswood. Headquarters were established at the State Forest Camp on Barber Point, Cranberry Lake, about seven miles from Cranberry Village and some eight miles from Wanakena. The collections covered a diversity of locations and the paper is based on records of three summers, collections being made at odd times by Drake in 1917 and 1919 and the past summer (1920) by Osborn and Drake together. For convenience the list of species follows the excellent cata- logue by Van Duzee,* but in many cases the authors do not con- sider the sequence of genera or species as representing the most probable lines of evolution of the groups or the natural affinities. No synonomy or specific bibliography has been included since these are so admirably covered by the above mentioned author. Only references to the more recent papers or to such as are especially desirable for the accommodation of readers of this paper are cited. LOCATION OF COLLECTING STATIONS 1. State Forest Camp (Fig. 2): The principal collecting sta- tion was the state forest camp and other of the more favorable areas in the immediate vicinity. In fact about 95 per cent of the species herein listed were recorded for the Barber tract. The different associations of this area are quite representative of the Cranberry Lake region and includes forests, swamps, marshes, bogs, hills, flows, tote-roads, trails, burns, and streams. Fig. 2— State Forest Camp Site of the New York State College of Forestry, Barber Point, Cranberry Lake, N. Y. See description of Station Number 1. Photo by Osborn. * Van Duzee, E. P. Cat. Hemip. of Amer. North of Mexico. Univ of Calif. Pub., Vol. II, pp. I-XIV, 1-902, 1917. : Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 7 Fig. 3— The Beaver Meadow on the Barber Tract. See descrip- tion of Station Number 2. Photo by Dr. Bray. In addition to the native plants several foreign species, inci- dentally carried in with the hay and grain destined for the lumber camps, have become established along the trails and tote-roads. One of the latter almost parallels Sucker Brook and leads through various ecological types, including bogs, beaver meadows, logged area, etc., to Proulx’s lumber camp and offered the most favorable and attractive collecting places. 2. Beaver Meadows (Fig.3): The beaver meadows are located about a mile from the State Forest Camp along the Sucker Brook tote-road. As the name suggests, these extensive areas have arisen through flooding occasioned by the beaver dams and have replaced a balsam swamp forest which preceded them. As a result of this inundation the balsam (Abies balsamea (Li) Mill.), spruce (Picea rubra (DuRoi) Dietr.), speckled alder (Alnus incana (Li) Moench.) and many of the other woody and non-woody plants have been smothered by the higher water level. The dominant plants of the present association, which persist around the borders and on the higher elevations, are grasses (principally Calamagrostis cana- densis (Michx.) Beauv.), sedges, rushes, iris, speckled alder, and spiraea (largely Spiraea latifolia Borkh. and some Spiraea tomen- tosa L.). Sphagnum is also found in certain places. 3. Forsaith’s Bog (Fig. 4): This is a forest bog located about a mile from the State Forest Camp across the Sucker Brook Trail from the Beaver meadows, An abandoned tote-road, which 8 New York State College of Forestry Fig. 4.— Abandoned tote road in Forsaith’s Bog. See descrip-, tion of Station Number 3. Photo by Fivaz. branches off the Sucker Brook road near camp, winds through this bog again to join with the Sucker Brook tote-road at the farther end of the burn. The plants indicate a secondary association fol- lowing a balsam swamp forest and will ultimately be dominated by the latter. The arborescent forms are represented by balsam, red and black spruce (Picea rubra and Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), a few larch (Lariz laricina (DuRoi) Koch), hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.), yellow birch (Betula lutea Michx. f.), and soft maple (Acer saccharinum lL). In addition there are willows (Salix. spp.) and some dense thickets of speckled alder. The bog type is represented by Cassandra, Kalmia, Ledum,: Vac- cintum, Nemopanthus, and the less conspicuous forms such as cran- berry, aromatic winter green, snowberry, twin flower and the like. The terrene is generally covered with a deep matrix of sphagnum. Certain small areas in this bog are perhaps typically swamp-lke or marsh-like. Collections were also made in other bogs, swamps and marshes which represent more advanced stages in the develop- ment of their plant associations. 4. Lumbered Areas: The recently lumbered areas in the vicinity of Proulx’s Camp and other older logged areas in various stages of recovery were studied. These cut-over tracts were for- merly a mixed coniferous and hardwood forest from which most of the soft wood had been removed. 5. Burns (Fig. 5): The burns on the Barber tract and near Wanakena offered the most attractive breeding places for Hemip- tera. The former is a transitional association of fire cherry (Prunus pennsylvanica L. f.) and aspen (Populus a ey Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 9 Michx. and Populus grandidentata Michx.). The temporary char- acter* of the cherry-aspen type is indicated by the presence of yellow birch, beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), hard and soft maple (Acer saccharinum L. and A. saccharwm Marsh), and a small percentage of conifers (spruce, white pine (Pinus Strobus L), hemlock, and balsam) in the understory. The ground cover of seedlings, grasses and other herbaceous plants form a much greater variety than that of the logged, but unburned areas, and Fig. 5— Tote road near Sucker Brook leading through a large “burn” (Barber Tract) in cut-over areas and to lum- ber camp. See description of Station Number 5. Photo by Fivaz. * The climax Adirondack forest consists of yellow birch, sugar maple and beech in a mixture with red spruce, white pine, balsam and hemlock. 10 New York State College of Forestry virgin forest. There is also a much greater number of the indi- vidual plants of the various species. 6. Crataegus Hill: This is a small hill-top on the Barber tract about three-fourths of a mile from camp. Crataegus sp., iron- wood (Ostrya virginiana (Mill) K. Koch), white ash (Fraxinus americana L.), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus, L. var., aculeatis- simus (C. A. Mey.) Regel. & Tiling.), aster (Aster macrophyllus L.), boneset (Hupatorium sp.) and sedges and grasses are the principal plants. 7. Big Floating Island (Figs. 6 and 7): This station lies on the west side of Cranberry Lake near Joe Indian Island. Although stationary it is a typical floating island which has arisen through the massing of drift logs and other plant detritus resulting in a substratum which has enabled certain hardy plants to obtain a foot-hold. The vegetation represents a typical floating bog and consists of a heavy sphagnum matrix (8 to 10 inches deep of living sphagnum) surmounted by a dense thicket-like growth of Cas- sandra or leather leaf (Chamaedaphne caiyculata (li). Moench) and sweet gale (Myrica Gale L.) and a few clusters of speckled alder and an occasional larch. 8. Grasse River Bog (Fig. 8): This is a large bog located near Silver Lake and traversed by the Grasse River Railroad con- necting Cranberry Village and Conifer. This region is intercepted by several brooks and is covered by a dense vegetation which, how- ever, is restricted to relatively few plants. Here and there one finds almost a pure association of Carex oligosperma Michx. while clumps of Cassandra, speckled alder, labrador tea (Ledum groen- landicum Oeder), pale laurel (Kalmia polifolia Wang.), Andro- meda polifolia L., low sweet blueberry (Vaccinium pennsylvanicum Lam., var. angustifolium (Ait.) Gray, with some withe-rod (Vibur- num cassinoides Li.) and chokeberry (Pyrus melanocarpa (Michx.), Willd., dot the surface. 9. New York State Ranger School Tract: This tract, located near Wanakena, N. Y., is controlled by the New York State College of Forestry. It includes an extensive burn, tote-roads, forests, bogs, Swamps, and streams. Owing to the type of topography, over-run by high hills and depressions, it offers a wide range of habitats, plant associations and most excellent collecting. Con- ditions on this tract and other favorable areas in the vicinity of Wanakena are somewhat comparable to Barber tract on Cran- berry Lake. 10. Bean Pond (Fig. 9): This is a small, open-water pond near the middle of an extreme type of Adirondack bog (Bray, l. ¢. pp. 125-128) with many of the bog-plants wholly removed and the more bog-tolerant species, chiefly dwarf black spruce, tamarack and leather leaf, growing in a deep and compact matrix of sphagnum. Small black spruce shrubs or apparent seedlings growing near the pond are practically as old as the larger ones or fairly large trees near the outer margins of the bog. : Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 11 11. Climax Forest Type* (Fig.10): This station was located on state land in a tract of virgin forest near the Oswegatchie River opposite from the New York State Ranger School. The trees con- sist of hardwoods dominated by conifers, especially white pine. Several specimens of the latter, about 125 feet tall and a D. B. H. of 42 to 49 inches, represent some of the most magnificent trees in the Adirondacks. 12. The Plains (Fig. 11): These areas are a series of open- ings near the Upper Oswegatchie River and are very typical of the so-called treeless plains of the Adirondacks. Bray quite fully Fig. 6— Big. Floating Island, taken from a distance by Fivaz. See description of Station Number 7. discusses these treeless areas in ‘‘The Development of Vegetation of New York State’’ (1. ¢., pp. 144-147) and states, ‘‘ Borings show from two to three feet of compact, fine sand evidently offer- ing poor areation. Below, the deposit is darker, coarser and full of coarser grit. The water table is normally several feet below the surface, but the area has much the aspect of a wet lowlands, and during rainy seasons is in effect like an area of soaked soils. But, as in other sand areas, it is subject to extreme drouth.”’ As Bray has pointed out the plants of the ‘‘plains,’’ as repre- sented by complex associations of swamp, bog and typical members of barren vegetation, reflect the peculiar bioclimatic conditions of the region. These open heath barrens, margined by tamaracks which are slowly encroaching the open terrene, are gradually being broken up. They are also occasionally dotted with black spruce. The shrubs consist largely of mountain fly honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea Li.) blueberries (Vaccinium canadense Kalm., and V. pennsylvanicum, var. angustifolium and V. vacillans Kalm.), * Typical Adirondack forest, see footnote, p. 9. 12 New York State College of Forestry choke cherry (Prunus virginiana L.), Pyrus arbutifolia and P. melanocarpa (Michx.) Willd. Two wet-land grasses (Avena Tor- reyi Nash and Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx.), the abundance of ereeping blackberry (Rubus hispidus L.) and two species of Spiranthes (growing among the wet-land grasses) tend to empha- size the hydrophytie aspect of the plains. Extreme areas are covered with reindeer moss which reaches its optimum development during the autumn months. Here and there golden rods, asters and spiraea are found among the shrubs and have a conspicuous place in the flora of late summer. Fig. 7— Big Floating Island; photo taken near the island by Osborn. See description of Station Number 7. PALAEARCTIC HEMIPTERA OCCURRING IN THE CRAN- BERRY LAKE REGION Horvath* very carefully studied and collated the genera and species of Hemiptera, known to occur in both Europe and America, especially those of the Palaearctic and Nearctie regions. He pre- sents evidences to show that many of the species common to both faunas are of Palaearctic origin and that migration took place largely in an eastward direction by the way of Alaska. Many of the species known to occur in beth regions have only been taken in eastern and northeastern localities of the United States and Kastern Canada. Although this is not in perfect accord with some of Horvath’s theories and evidences, more collecting in the western regions of the United States and Canada will undoubtedly extend the range westward for many of the Palaearctice Hemiptera that have become permanently established in North America. Parshleyt * Horvath, G. Les relations entre les faunes hémiptérologiques de l’Europe et de l’Amérique du Nord, Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Nat. Hung., Budapest, 1908. } Parshley, H. M. Fauna of New England. List of Hem.-Het. Occasional Papers Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist., VII, 1917. Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 13 has discussed the Palaearctic Hemiptera known to be established in New England and added a number of species of Heteroptera, which have been recently taken in New England, to Horvath’s list, and Knight* has treated quite carefully the species of Miridae common to Nearctie and Palaearctic regions. Several species are apparently of rather recent introduction by human agencies and hence must be considered in a different class from those having naturally holarctie range. Homoptera Philaenus lewcophthalmus Euscelis striolus Evacanthus acuminatus Cicadula variata Acucephalus nervosus Cicadula 6-notata Acucephalus albifrons Balclutha pwnctata Deltocephalus abdominalis Empoa tenerrima Deltoceptalus pascuellus Empoa lethierryi tEuscelis striatulus Empoa rosae Euscelis obsoleta Dikraneura fieberr Empoasca flavescens Alebra albostriella Empoasca smaragdula Heteroptera Sctocoris microphthalmus Stenodema trispinosum Corizus hyalinus Teratocoris paludum Corizus crassicornis — Trigonitylus ruficornis Aradus lugubris Stenotus binotatus Gerris rufoscutellatus Poeciloscytus untfasciatus Nysius ericae Capsus ater Galeatus peckhami Lygus pabulinus Reduvius personatus Lygus apicalis Nabis limbatus Lygus pratensis Nabis ferus Monalocoris filicis Cimex lectularius Mecomma ambulans Miris dolobratus Saldula pallipes Plagiognathus chrysanthemi —_Callicorixa praeusta THE HEMIPTERA OF THE ADIRONDACKS The first records of the Hemiptera of the Adirondack Moun- tains, published by MacGillivray and Houghtont in 1903, were col- lected during June, 1901, in the vicinity of Axton at an elevation of about 1,600 feet. This paper includes 53 species, 34 Heterop- tera and 19 Homoptera respectively. A few years later Van * Knight, H. H. Nearctic Records for species of Miridae known heretofore only from the Palaearctic Region (Heterop.) Can. Ent., Vol. LIII, Part 12, 1921, pp. 280- 288. (Published in Jan. 1922). } Euscelis striatulus and E. obsoletus of Horvath’s list are separated by Van Duzee as instablis and relativus respectively. t MacGillivray, Alex. D. and Houghton, C. O. A list of the Insects in the Adirondack Mountains, N. Y.— III. Ent. News, Vol. 14, pp. 262-265, 1903. 14 New York State College of Forestry Duzee* published a list of the species of Hemiptera known to oceur in the Adirondacks. The latter, based on a few days’ col- lecting at Lake Placid and Saranac Lake Junction in 1902 and the forms enumerated by MacGillivray and Houghton, contains 193 species of Hemiptera (92 Heteroptera and 101 Homoptera). The present list enumerates 397 species and varieties of Hemip- tera, 218 Heteroptera (one lygaeid not determined), and 179 Homoptera. All the species are from the vicinity of Cranberry Lake and 95 per cent or more of the forms occurring in this region have been taken on about 200 acres of the Barber tract. How- ever, this portion of the tract 1s represented by a marked variety of ecological and biological conditions. It includes camp site, hills, marshes, bogs, beaver meadows, lumbered areas, forests, tote- roads, trails, open areas, dense growth of young trees, burned- over areas, coves of Cranberry Lake and the like. The following species, listed by Van Duzee, have not been taken in the vicinity of Cranberry Lake: Homoptera Heteroptera Lepyronia 4-angularis Say Physatocheila plexa Say Stictocephala lutea Walk. Corythucha juglandis Fiteh Macropsis 3-maculata Fh. (probably pallipes Parsh.) Deltocephalus debilis (probably i) 51.6 1.85 0 0 November.... 3 2 2 ; 51° 45° ARON BiH |) OAL Ge) Baek 4.73 D4 G2 |oaaverserels December....| 22 & 25 9 9 ; iB: 47° 39° 39°) |F36- 1%) |) 14e722) 254° 4.45 35.5 12.0 THE HEMIPTEROUS FAUNA Forest Associations Primitive Forest; The Hemiptera of the deep woods associa- tion are limited in number of species, but consist of rather dis- tinctive forms and some of them quite closely restricted to such 20 New York State College of Forestry environments. An excellent example of pristine conditions is found on state land across the Oswegatchie River from the Ranger School. This tract includes untouched virgin forest of great age and dominated by some of the largest and most magnificent pines of the Adirondacks. Fig. 10.— Virgin Forest on State Land near Wanakena, N. Y. See description of Station Number 11. Photo by Drake. The tree tops, of course, were far beyond our reach, but they may be expected to support many of the insects common to the same trees on the lower stratum of vegetation. The lower stratum consisting of seedlings of the principal forest trees, white pine, spruce, balsam, hemlock, yellow birch, hard and soft maple, beech, wintergreen, ferns, ete., furnished a habitat of quite special features, the most important being a deep bed of forest leaf-debris, humid atmosphere, and almost complete lack of direct sunshine. In this habitat the most frequent Homoptera were Eupteryx flavo- scuta, E. nigra, E. vanduzei, Thamnotettiz waldanus, Grapho- cephala coccinea and Gypona octo-lineata, with an occasional Oncopsis fitchi and O. variabilts, the latter two possibly stragglers drifted down from the more favorable conditions of the tree tops. An aphid, Hormaphis sp., was rather common on yellow birch. The Heteroptera were represented particularly by Miridae — Lygus pabulinus, Dicyphus agilis, D. vestitutus, Macrolopus, sepa- ratus, Diaphnidia capitata, D. pellucida, Phytocoris lasiomerus, - Molanocoris filicis, and Camptobrochys borealis — and a few other forms such as Corythucha pallipes, Nabis rufusculus, N. roseipen- nis, Saldula interstualis and Micranthia humilis. The Saldidae were taken along the bank of a small stream in the deep forest. ~ Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 21 Bog Association: The Hemiptera of the bogs, as represented in Big Floating Island, Bean Pond, Forsaith’s Bog, included such forms as Euscelis humidus, E. imstabilis, E. vaccini, Phlepsius maculellus, Thamnotettiz eburatus Aphelonema histrionica, Lac- cocera vittipennis, Nabis limbatus, Ischnorrhynchus geminatus, Phytocoris lasiomerus, Psallus n. sp., ete. Huropiella rubida, Plagiognathus fraternus, P. politus, and Camptobrochys laricolis were collected on larch. The aquatic forms, taken in Bean Pond and a small pond in Big Floating Island, are represented by Gerris rufoscutellatus, G. buenoi, G. marginatus, Notonecta wndulata, Buenoa margaritacea, Ranatra americana, Microvelia bueno, Cal- licoriza praesuta and Artocorixa scabara. Swamp Association: The swamp meadow association included especially Draeculacephala noveboracensis, D. manitobiana, Tham- notettix decipiens, T. ciliatus, T. placidus, Nabis limbatus, Phyto- coris sp., Mecomma gilvipes, Stenodema trispinosum, S. vicinum, Trigonotylus ruficornis, Collaria meilleurvi, Homaemus aenei- frons and several of the forms (aquatics and plant-feeders) listed in the bog association. ‘Plain Association: The Hemiptera of the Plains included especially Philaronia bilineata, Philaenus lineatus, Pubilia con- cava, Deltocephalus misellus, Laccocera vittipenmis, Melanorhopala clavata, Thyanta custator, Coenus delius, Perillus exaptus var. d. (fide Van Duzee), Ortholomus longiceps, Nysius ericea, Crophius disconatus, Ilnacora malina and Mecomma gilvipes. The latter was common along the trails in moist, shady places in larch thickets. The larch insects (see bog association) were very common in the pure stands of this tree. Burn Associations: The older burned-over regions (see station number 5) included not only the Hemiptera common to the sur- Pp . * . * $ 1 Fig. 11.— The Plains, located near the Upper Oswegatchie River. See description of Station Number 12. Photo by Prof. E. F. McCarthy. 22 New York State College of Forestry rounding forests and cut-over areas but also many other species feeding upon the transitional, ericaceous and various other native and exotic plants peculiar to the burns, tote roads and small open areas along the trails and about the deserted lumber camps. These open areas and the camp site afforded breeding places for such campestral and caespiticolous species as Deltocephalus imimicus, D. affinis, D. apicatus, D. pascuellus, Agallia sanguinolenta, Acu- cephalus albifrons, Bruchomorpha oculta, Liburnia campestris, Lygus pratensis obliteratus, Lygaeus kalmu angustomarginatus, Nabis rufusculus, N. roseipennis and Triphleps imsidiosus. Several examples of Huscelis comma were taken on the fine grasses in the trails. Sciocoris microphthalmus occurred on the red rasberry bushes and rank vegetation in the small open areas. The fire cherry trees were infested by T'yphlocyba obliqua, Psyllia carpinicola, and especially Psyllia 3-maculata; the poplars (Populus tremuloides Michx. and P. grandidentata) by Telamona reclivata, Idiocerus lachrymalis, Macropsis basalis, Empoasca smaragdula, E, viridis, Euschistus tristigmus and Corythucha elegans. The alders and willows growing along the streams and in moist situations supported a large association of Hemiptera. The species listed below for these plants, also yellow birch and white pine, are common to a number of habitats. On willows (Salix spp.) : Idiocerus amabalis, I, pallidus, I. alternatus, Macropsis viridis, M. basalis, Scaphoideus immistus, Thamnotettix cockerell, Empoasca smaragdula, E, aureo-viridis, Trioga salicis, Pemphigus tesselata, Cymus discors, Corythucha elegans, C. mollicula, Lygus atritylus, L. hirticulus, Lygidea rubecula obscura, Platytylellus lasiomerus, Phytocoris salicis, Lopidea media, Diaphnidia pellu- cida, Ceratocapsus pumilus, Orthotylus dorsalis, Plilophorus amoenus, Deraeocoris borealis and Anthorcoris borealis. On yellow birch (Betula lutea Michx) : Clastoplera obtusa, Oncopsis sobrius, OC. cognatus, O. fitchi, O. minor, Typhlocyba querct, Psyllia striata, P. carpinicola, Euschis- tus tristigmus, Banasa dimidiata, Meodorus lateralis, Ischnor- rhynchus geminatus, Corythucha pallipes, Eremocoris ferus, Lygus horticulus, L. fagi, Deraeocoris borealis, Hyaloides vitri- pennis, Pilophorus amoenus, Diaphnidia provancheri, D. capi- tata, Orthortylus translucens, Plagiognathus fuscosus, Aradus robustus, A. quadrilineatus, Anewrus ‘inconstans, Anthocoris borealis, Podisus sereiventris, P. modestus and P. maculiventris. On White Pine (Pinus Strobus L.): Aphrophora parallela, Empoasca coccinea, Elidiptera slossom, Psyllia carpinicola, Phytocoris fulvous, Piagylytus luridus, Deraeo- . coris pinicola, Pilophorus amoenus, Aradus niger and Tetraphleps osborni n. sp. In general the Hemiptera of the region may be considered as conspicuous members of every habitat studied. There are many aquatic species and some of the surface inhabiting species occur Ecological Study of Hemiptera of Cranberry Lake Region 23 in countless millions (Rhewmatobates rileyi, Trepobates pictus and Metrobates hespervus) scattered over miles of the surface of Cran- berry Lake and the Oswegatchie River. The shore dwelling species and the forms occurring in the swamps, bogs, marshes and meadows present a large array while the forest species occurring under bark, on the leaves and every possible part of the tree make up an aggregation that cannot possibly be overlooked by anyone giving the least attention to the complex association of the woodland. In general the greater number may be counted as plant feeders, but there are many predaceous forms that prey Fig. 12.—a, Pine Frog-hopper, Aphrophora parellela Say; 6b, (adult) and c, (nymph), Clostoptera obtusa Say. upon other insects and many of course that sustain themselves on decaying vegetation in such manner as to have little influence on other organisms. However, no species can be considered as entirely independent of the other forms in the complex association of which they may be only a very minor part. From an economic standpoint the majority of the Hemiptera must be counted injurious as by far the greater number are destructive to useful vegetation and especially to important forest trees. This may be considered especially true of the Homoptera, all the species so far as known being dependent upon growing plants for their food; none are aquatic in the true sense but several 24 New York State College of Forestry species have become adapted to bog- or swamp-plants where they are Subject to very humid conditions or at times must be able to undergo temporary immersion. Acknowledgements: ‘he authors wish to express here, briefly, their sincere appreciation to those who have kindly assisted in these studies. We are indebted to Dean F. F. Moon, New York State College of Forestry, for the opportunity of carrying on these investigations. The drawings have been made by Mr. J. R. Sim of Ashtabula, Ohio. Mr. A. E. Fivaz has taken many of the photo- graphs and assisted in the field work. Director W. E. Sanderson of the State Forest Camp has very kindly permitted us to use boats, canoes, tents and other equipment of the Summer Camp. The plants have been determined by Dr. W. L. Bray, Syracuse University, and Dr. H. P. Brown, New York State College of Forestry. The map of Cranberry Lake region has been drawn from a map of the Adirondacks by the Conservation Commission of New York State by Mr. Paul W. Stickel under the direction of Professor H. C. Belyea. Dr. M..W. Barrows of Ohio State University identified the spiders. For the determinations of in- sects thanks are due as follows: Dr. H. H. Knight of the Uni- versity of Minnesota, the Miridae; Dr. H. B. Hungerford of the University of Kansas, the Corizidae; Dr. H. M. Parshley of Smith College, the Aradidae; Mr. H. G. Barber of Roselle Park, N. J., the Lygaeidae; and Mr. J. R. de la Torre Bueno of White Plains, N. Y., many of the Saldidae. HOMOPTERA IN THE VICINITY OF CRANBERRY LAKE By HeErRsert OSBORN Family CICADIDAE This family is not represented in the Cranberry Lake region by any number of species, the only one which has been definitely recognized being Tibicen canicularis. The group is interesting on account of the extended hfe history of the 17 year Cicada and the root-feeding habits of the immature forms. They are of economic importance because of the punctures caused by the females in depositing eggs which are laid in the twigs or smaller branches of various forest trees. It would seem almost certain that Tibicen rimosa should be found in this region but no specimens have been observed. Also the species described as 7. novebora- censis by Fitch would seem likely to oceur as it was discovered from the eastern part of the state. Tibicen canicularis (Harris). This, as stated above, is the only species definitely recognized. It was singing during August of the present year, but no speci- mens were captured. bo On Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region Family CERCOPIDAE The spittle insects or frog hoppers are quite noticeable on account of the masses of froth that surround the young and which adheres to stems of plants or twigs of trees in such quantity as to attract attention. Some of the species must be of considerable economic importance since they occur in such numbers as to cause a severe drain upon the plants affected. The most notable ones in this area are the meadow frog hopper and the forest frog hopper mentioned below. Aphrophora parallela (Say) (Fig. 12, a). Cranberry Lake (Barber Pt.), July 8, 1917; Aug. 1-8, 1917; Aug. 4, 1918. oo Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. The species is apparently limited to coniferous trees as it has apparently never been recorded out- side of the coniferous area and is the most common species on the conifers; its nymphal stages and the associated froth masses ap- pear during June and early July. The adults are not uncommon in July and egg-deposition occurs during July or August. This species is capable of considerable injury to the coniferous forests being very generally distributed and abundant and the punctures on the twigs resulting in weakening, wilting, or occa- sionally killing of terminal twigs; the evidence of injury, unless the froth masses are observed, are apparent only some time after the attack has been made. It may commonly be credited to other sources of injury as the real culprits may have entirely disappeared when the injury becomes evident. Adults probably feed to quite an extent on the twigs or smaller branches but with less drain upon the plant than during the nymphal stage. It has been bred from spruce and pine and may occur on other conifers. Aphorophora 4-notata (Say). This occurs on quite a large variety of plants and in some loca-. tions is very common. It is apparently most frequent in the low ground locations along streams or lake margins, although one cap- tured on the plains, which was in a border of a thicket, might . indicate more open habitat. Cranberry Lake, July 11—14~20, 1917, July 28-30. Aug. 11, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. This species also occurs on a variety of plants and has been taken in a number of different plants, especially in the vicinity of Barber Point. Philaronia bilineata (Say). This species is common on the western plains and during the present season was found only on the ‘‘plains’’ where it occurred in open meadows upon the plains grass. In such location it is quite abundant, but can hardly be counted an economic species in this region. Cranberry Lake, July 24, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. 26 New York State College of Forestry Philaenus leucopthalmus (Linnaeus) (Fig. 13). The meadow frog-hopper is one of the most abundant of the spittle-insects and throughout the entire New England region occasions no little injury to plants, especially clover and other legumes, but does not attack the grasses. It has no restricted habitat except that it does not occur in the deeper woods and its froth masses are most commonly observed on the small shrubs or annuals. The froth masses of this species are not distinguishable from those of P. lineatus, but there seems to be a distinet choice of food plant; it occurs on a great variety of plants but, so far as observed, not on grasses. The occurrences of special interest Fig. 13.— Froth masses of Philaenus leucophthalmus Linn. Photo by Fivaz. here are on fire cherry, and raspberry, but they abound on many plants, especially those of the family compositae. The larvae of this species are to be separated from those of P. lineatus by the relatively shorter, blunter head. The froth masses including nymphs appear for this locality at the same time as those of P. lineatus, late June and early July, the adults beginning to appear by July 10 (1920) and becoming abundant a little later... The species occurs in many different varieties both in Europe and America and most of these varieties have been observed in the Cranberry Lake region. Cranberry Lake, July 21, 1917, Aug. and July 2, 1920; Camp, early July, 1920; Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Grasse River, July 22, 1920; Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 27 Philaenus lineatus (Linnaeus). The grass frog-hopper is very similar to the preceding but seems to restrict itself to grasses and consequently it is only found in open land, possibly more frequently in the more moist habitats. Observations in Maine showed this species to be closely restricted to various species of grasses and while we have not bred out adults for this region the immature forms examined bear out the con- clusion that the species is essentially a grass-feeder here. The froth masses have been very plentiful on timothy (introduced) on the camp grounds and on native grasses of the vicinity. Its distribution is apparently determined by that of host plants, but wherever such plants are available along trails of ‘‘ tote roads ”’ they may be found penetrating well into the woodlands and on hill sides or ridges of all parts of the region. Wherever grasses are of value the species may be counted of distinct economic import- ance. Cranberry Lake, July 18, 1917; Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 3-5, 1920; Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917, and July 29, 1920; Grasse River, July 22, 1920; Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Clastoptera obtusa Say (Fig. 12, 0 and c). This is a very common species on birch, alder and other trees and shrubs and may be considered of distinct economic importance in the forest as on some occasions a large number will be found on a single branch and the sap drawn from the plant for the forma- tion of the froth masses must mean a very considerable loss to the plant. While apparently protected very well by the froth mass, in one instance a species of mirid, Deraeocoris (Campo- brochys) borealis, was found with its beak inserted in the nymph within the froth mass. This species has been particularly con- spicuous during the season, its froth masses occurring in abun- dance on several trees and shrubs, but in especial abundance on the yellow birch, often several froth masses with at least one nymph in each mass hanging from a single twig. The froth masses on birch frequently show a large quantity of liquid with very few bubbles so that they appear watery or quite transparent and the nymph is very easily seen within the mass of fluid. Midges have been found adhering to the fluid mass, their legs entangled in the glairy substance much as a fly is entrapped in tanglefoot. Froth masses on birch, noted about July 10 and enclosed in twig cage, produced adult the 23d of July, 1920. Yellow birch is apparently the most infested of any of the trees of the vicinity. The general distribution is emphasized by their occurrence on birch in dense forest and it is quite probable they may be occasionally abundant in the tree tops that are out of reach of observation and constitute a distinct drain on the growth of the trees. Cranberry Lake, July 30-31, 1917; July 2-31, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. 28 New York State College of Forestry Clastoptera proteus Fitch. Also a very common species but apparently restricted more to the lower or very moist locations and occurring on heath plants, especially blue berries and cranberries. Cranberry Lake, July 28, 1917; Aug. 1, 1917; (Nymphs) July 3-6, 1920; (Adult) Aug. 10-11, 1920. Wanakena, Aug: 1-7, 1917. Family MEMBRACIDAE Ceresa diceros (Say). This species, which is abundant in some locations, has not been observed commonly and probably is restricted to some food plant which is not abundant here. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1 and Sept. 15, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Ceresa bubalus (Fabricius). The Buffalo tree-hopper, which is such a very abundant species throughout the country, occurs here only sparingly and is evi- dently not a forest species but adapted to open areas or particu- larly to annuals or shrubs. Where abundant, the eggs being de- posited in branches or twigs of trees have occasioned very consider- able injury, but owing to its scarcity it might be considered of no economie importance for this region and probably for the Adirondacks generally. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, Aug. 9, 1920. Wanakena (Ranger School), Aug. 12, 1920. Ceresa basalis Walker (Fig. 14, a and b). This is the most common species of the genus for the Adirondack region and is found in low ground on the grasses and annual plants. It is sufficiently abundant to be counted distinctly in- jurius for the plants on which its occurs. The species is northern in its distribution and, except for high land, shades out into about the latitude of the Adirondacks. Cranberry Lake, July 28, Auge at Tie sept. 15, 1917: July 30, 1920: Aus. 10,1920 Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Fig. 14.— Ceresa basalis Walk: a, adult; 6, nymph. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 29 Carynota stupida (Walker) (Plate III). This is the most abundant species observed affecting the forest trees in the region and more detail is given in the section devoted to its life history. Cranberry Lake, July 28,:1918; nymphs abun- dant on birch, July 2-15, still present July 29, 1920; adults, July 138, Aug. 11, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Fig. 15,—Scars from egg deposition of YTelamona on aspen. About natural size. Photo by Fivaz. Carynota marmorata (Say). Cranberry Lake, July 26, 1917. Telamona declivata Van Duzee (Figs. 15 and 16), This species has been noted as quite common on willows and might be considered an economic species if the willows were of greater commercial value. -Cranberry Lake, July 11; Aug. 4, 19 LT Telamona barbata Van Duzee (Fig. 17, a, b and c). The specimens referred to here agree closely with description by Van Duzee, except that the marking are more profuse. Telamona reclivata Fitch. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. A single nymph which may very probably belong to this species was taken from poplar. 30 New York State College of Forestry Telamona coryli Fitch. Wanakena, July 15 and Aug. 12, 1920; beaten from Corylus. Fig. 16—Telamona declivata Fitch: a, adult (side view) ; b. Outline of nymphal skin; c, Outline of head from above. Publilia concava (Say). A common, often abundant species of wide range but not taken here except at the Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Campylenchia latipes (Say). Cranberry Lake, Sept. 15, 1917, July and Aug., 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Very common, especially where leguminous plants furnish appropriate food. Fig. 17— Telamona barbata Van D.: a, adult (side view) ; b, Outline of nymph; ec, side view; d, outline of head from above. Enchenopa binotata (Say). Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Microcentrus caryae (Fitch). Cranberry Lake, July 11, 1917. . Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 31 Family CICADELLIDAE Agallia novella (Say). Taken especially in undergrowth of trails and along tote roads and probably feeds on quite a varied list of food plants. State Forest Camp, Barber Point, July 3, 1920. Adults, collected at the Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Agallia 4-punctata Provancher. Much less common than the preceding species and probably somewhat limited as to food plants, occurring in woods near the trails. It has been recorded as common on cultivated crops but may be considered of practically no economic importance for this region. State Forest Camp, Barber Point (adults), July 3,.1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Agallia oculata Van Duzee. A single specimen taken here appears to be distinctly identical with the form described as oculata, the common range of the species being south and into the tropical parts of the continent. Agallia sanguinolenta (Provancher). A common species where clover or other legumes occur. In other localities this species is of very distinct economic importance as it attacks cultivated crops, but in the Cranberry Lake region it is only found in the trails or tote roads where introduced grasses or clover furnish it a good basis. Most of the individuals cap- tured were rather small in size compared with the forms taken in other localities. Cranberry Lake in July and Aug., 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Idiocerus amabilis Ball (Plate I, Fig. c.) Quite common on willows, especially along Sucker Brook and in the East Flow on willows which overhang the water. Newly transformed adults are a brilliant yellow-green with golden luster. Head and pronotum brown with lighter marking; vertex solid green at sides, brown on central part except narrow whitish median stripe. The face for the upper part is like the vertex | below the ocelli green. The antennae light green at base and the bristles dark; underneath, except for the mesothorax, brilliant green. The tarsi whitish with the spurs and claws black. Cran- berry Lake, July 18-24, 1920. Wanakena, Ranger School, July 15 and Aug. 12, 1920. Idiocerus formosus Ball. Taken along stream and probably feeds on willows. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 3, 1920. Idiocerus pallidus Fitch. Common on various species of willow and one of the most abundant forms upon this plart. It is apparently not capable of 32 New York State College of Forestry living on other food plants so that its economic importance is re- stricted to the value of the willow. State Forest Camp, July 2. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12,1920. — Idiocerus suturalis Fitch (Plate I, Figs. a and b). Forest Camp, July 2, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wanakena, July 29 and Aug. 12, 1920. Idiocerus alternatus Fitch. Common on poplars and willows and one of the more abundant forms of the genus. This occurs over wide territory and in a num- ber of more or less distinet varieties. State Forest Camp, July 5, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Idiocerus subnitens Sanders and Delong. Numerous specimens, taken at Barber Point on willow, 1917, 1919 and 1920. A few specimens were also collected on poplar, but Salix seems to be the preferred food plant. The insect was de- seribed from Wisconsin. Idiocerus lachrymalis Fitch. The nymphs of this species were quite abundant on aspen early in July. The adults appear later in the season so that the species may be counted fairly common and as it is most abundant upon the aspen its injury may be considered as limited to the latter tree. The egg punctures in the twigs and smaller branches occasion large swellings and distortions and no doubt weaken the limbs so that they are easily broken. State Forest Camp, July 2, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Idiocerus provancheri Van Duzee. While this species has been taken on plants away from bogs in other regions, all of our specimens here have been from bog plants and this seems to be its restricted habitat, the special plants on which it occurs being Viburnum or Cassandra. This species is not abundant but a number of specimens have been taken at different points. State Forest Camp, July 5, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Macropsis viridis (Fitch). This is perhaps the most abundant of the genus and is found on almost every willow, that is, during the time they are in season, July and August. State Forest Camp, July, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Macropsis sp. Cranberry Lake, 1920. Macropsis basalis (Van Duzee) (Plate I, Figs. e, f and g). This occurs in two distinet varieties (var. basalis), one in which the deep marking of the wings is limited to the base and the other Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 33 (var. fumipennis) there are either two distinct bars or the entire wing is dark smoky or brown. The two forms occur on the same trees (willows and aspen), and, in so far as could be noted, the varied specimens develop from identical larvae. Upon further rearing of the individual it would be desirable to confirm this point. They are so plentiful on aspen that they may be counted PA UTIOUS: State Forest Camp, July 3, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Macropsis canadensis (Van Duzee) (Plate I, Fig. d). Taken on the willow, especially in the lower ground along region of lake or brook, but less abundant than some of the other species. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, July 18, 1920. Oncopsis variabilis (Fitch) (Plate I, Figs. 7 and 7). This is an extremely variable species and occurs in several dif- ferent forms, the most abundant one being bright yellow with black strips along the claval suture. Its common food plant ap- pears to be yellow birch, also white birch, and it has been taken in dense woods as well as along the margins of thickets of the forest. State SO Camp, Barbers Point, July, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wanakena, July 29, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Oncopsis sobrius (Walker). This species is evidently common on the yellow birch and while this may not be its only food plant, it would seem to be the common one. But the species is less abundant than in Maine and does not rank with one or two of the other species of the genus as a forest pest if we may judge by its occurrence during the present season. Cranberry Lake, June 30, 1919. Oncopsis cognatus (Van Duzee) (Plate I, Fig. h). Specimens placed here were collected at Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. A number of other specimens collected at Barber Point from yellow birch, July 13-24, 1920, seem to agree ‘structurally with this form but are quite uniformly cinnamon brown in color. They may constitute a variety or possibly a distinet species but it is desirable to have more biological data before multiplying species in this extremely variable genus. Oncopsis fitchi Van Duzee (Plate I, Figs. & and /). Very abundant on a variety of plant-hosts, especially birch, and apparently the most important species of the genus. Its attacks result in a drain upon the plants and egg punctures of this species are noted so abundantly on some trees as to become injurious. State Forest Camp, July 2, 1920. Oncopsis pruni (Provancher). Very few specimens have been referred to this species and these appear Closely related to fitchi. Barber Point, July 17, 1920. 2 34 New York State College of Forestry Plate I. a, Idiocerus suturalis Fitch; b, [diocerus suturalis — nymph; ec, Idio- cerus amabilis Ball; d, Macropsis canadensis Van Duzee; e, Macropsis basalis —female; f, AZ. basalis—female genitalia; g, M. basalis — female; h, Onocopsis cognatus Van Duzee—female; 1, Onocopsis variabilis Fitch —female; j, O. variabilis— female genitalia; k, Ono- copsis fitchi Van Duzee; 1, O. fitchi—nymph last instar. Oncopsis minor (Fitch). Apparently one of the common forms on yellow birch but not easily separated from fitcht. Barber Point, July 9, 10, 13 and Ane: 2, 1920! Oncopsis nigrinasi (Fitch). State Forest Camp, Barber Point, July 5, 1920. “ut Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 314) Oncometopia lateralis (Fabricius). This species ee a very wide range, occurring from Canada to the southern U.S. and infesting a great variety of plants. It lives in a great variety of habitats. ” At C ranberry Lake it was taken in the Plains region of the low ground along streams and on the hill tops, but occurred in greatest abundance at the ‘‘ French Camp,’’ Wanakena (Aug. 12, nymphs and adults were taken in large num- bers). These were secured by sweeping grass and apparently the species was feeding in this location although possibly they may have developed on herbaceous plants in the immediate vicinity. Cranberry Lake, Sept. 15, 16, 1917; (nymphs and adults) July 28, 1920. Nymph- Plains, Aug. 3, 1920, and one adult Aug. 12 1920. Grasse River, July 29. 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917 Cicadella gothica (Signoret). Abundant in woods and along road-sides or trails on various plants. Doubtless a common feeder on many shrubs and trees in the forest association. Young nymphs abundant Aug. 6, Barber Point. Cranberry Lake, July 3, Aug. 5 and Sept.:15, 1917; July 2-14, 1920; (adults Aug. 1, 1917; (nymphs) July 15-31,1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Plains, ‘Aug. 3, 1920 (nymphs and adult). Helochara communis Fitch Usually very abundant in low places on Juneus which is prob- ably its most common food-plant, although it may occur in other vegetation, especially in the adult stage. Cranberry Lake, Aug 10, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 3, 1920. Graphocephala coccinea (Forst.). Abundant in low vegetation in woods, especially in moist fern covered areas. Probably a general feeder on the plants of this association. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 5, 1917 (adult). State Forest Camp, July 2-10 (nymphs), July 24 (adults), 1920. Buck Island, Aug. 9,1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Wana- kena, July 29, 1920 (nymphs and adults). Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Draeculacephala mollipes (Say). This very common and abundant species, which ranges all the way from Canada to Central America occurs on a variety of grasses but usually in dry or moderately moist locations. In the forest it is found along trails, tote-roads and streams. Cranberry Lake, Ey 2 2, 3, 6, 23 and 26, 1917; July 2, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Draeculacephala manitobiana Ball. This species has been taken along with the preceding in swamp meadows but it was the most abundant in the large swamp meadow of the Grasse River where it occurred on Carex oligosperma which (it would seem) must be the food plant for the young as well 36 New York State College of Forestry the adults. Barber Point. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wana- kena, July 15; Aug. 12, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Draeculacephala noveboracensis (Fitch). Abundant in the swamp meadows both at Barber Point and Grasse River. Perhaps the most common of the species occurring in this habitat and feeding upon some of the coarse grasses as Calamagrostis. Such plants must furnish their food supply as the nymphs are taken in the same locations and in large numbers, both nymphs and adults being found during the latter part of July and early August. Cranberry Lake, July 26, 1917; July 14, 1920 (nymphs and adults). Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920: Evacanthus acuminatus (labricius). Taken only in the forest and generally associated with ferns but this is not its probable host plant. Cranberry Lake, July 23. 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 29, 1920. Adults, Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Gypona octo-lineata (Say) (Fig. 18a, b, c, d and e). This species has very extensive distribution ‘over the U. S. and Canada and occurs in a number of varieties which have been designated under different names. The ones most common in this region are the typical variety with distinctly reticulate wings, while the less reticulate forms are found more commonly in bogs or distinetly moist locations. A nymph taken on spruce with Fig. 18.— Gypona 8-lineata Say: a, adult; b, female; c, male geni- talia; d and e, nymphs of later instars, probably 4th and Sth. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 37 practically no other plants adjacent showed a striking resemblance to the color of the svruce leaves and also distinct marking of abdo- men, having two very distinct black stripes so arranged as to paral- lel the lines of the leaves unon which the insect would attach itself. The species in general evidently has a very wide range of food plants. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1; July 24, 1917. Buck Island, Aug. 9, 1920 (adult and nymph). Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 29, 1920; Aug. 12, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Elaims, Aug: 3, 1920. Acucephalus nervosus (Schrank). An abundant species on meadow grasses but not common in the stations collected. In Maine, especially in the cultivated fields, it is so abundant as to be recognized as of distinet economic impor- tanee. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1. 6 and 11, 1917. Silver Brook, Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Wanakena, Ang. 12, 1920. Acucephalus albifrons (Linnaeus). Taken at Barber Point close to the Camp where timothy and other grasses furnish an abundant support. This species has been found to feed on the crown of timothy and it occurs commonly so far below the surface that it is seldom taken in ordinary sweep- ing. In cultivated fields it assumes very considerable importance. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917; Aug. 6 and 9, 1920. Wanakena (French Camp), Aug. 12, 1920. Xestocephalus pulicarius Van Duzee. Wanakena (Bean Pond), Aug. 12, 1920. Xestocephalus nigrifrons Osborn. Wanakena (French Camp), Aug. 12, 1920. Parabolocratus viridis (Uhler). Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Parabolocratus major Osborn. This species has been taken elsewhere upon Calamagrostic cana- densis and as this grass occurs in the swamp meadows where it has generally been taken, it is probable that this has furnished its food in this locality. None have been taken except in the marsh meadows or similar locations. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, July 3, 1919 (adult) ; June 9, 1920 (nymph). Wanakena, Auge. 1-7, 1917; July 15, 1920. Silver Brook,’ July 22, 1920 (adult). Mesamia vitellina (Fitch). This species has been one of the most frequent captures of the less common forms and has been taken in sweeping maple and other undergrowth so that it has seemed probable that maple may be at least one of its principal foodplants, Nymphs associated 38 New York State College of Forestry with these adults, and which resemble very closely those of Tham- notettex kennicotti, were thought to be the young of this species; and it is possible that the nymphs of the two forms are quite similar. One such nymph was kept in a cage and fed on maple leaves for about four weeks but it did not mature. Wanakena, Aug) 1-7;/1917: Aug: 12,1920: “Ranger School, July (15; 1920 (adult). Grasse River, July 22, 1920 (adult). Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Scaphoideus auronitens Provancher. Nymphs, Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Scaphoideus scalaris Van Duzee. This is a very common species west but oceurs quite rarely in this region, only one record having been made. Cranberry Lake, Aree ALOT. Scaphoideus lobatus Van Duzee. Usually taken on grasses in open wood. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, LOWT. Scaphoideus productus Osborn. This appears to be about the most common species of the genus for this region, much more plentiful, if we can judge by our ecol- lection, than the following species which is the most abundant one for the country at large. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, July 25, 28, 1917; Sept. 15, 1919. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920; (nymphs) July 15 and Aug. 3, 1920. Bear Moun- tain, Aug. 15, 1920. Scaphoideus immistus (Say). Taken very rarely, although it is by far the most common and generally distributed species of the genus in the U.S. It is taken on willows and grape and these are probably to be included among its host plants. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 5 and 10, 1917. Platymetopius acutus (Say). A common and very widely distributed species equally at home in open fields or forest, on low land or hill top, evidently having a great latitude of food plants. It is perhaps the most universally distributed of any species of leaf-hopper taken in this region, appearing in almost every sweeping for almost every habitat studied. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July and Aug., 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Platymetopius acutus (Say) var. cinnamomeus Osborn. This variety appears to grade into the typical form, but nymphs which have been reared to this form seem to have a fairly distinet marking and, as such nymphs are most abundant in boggy loca- tions and seldom taken in higher altitudes, it would appear that Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 39 there has been a fairly distinct separation of the form from the common stock. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, July and Aug., 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Platymetopius caprescens Osborn. Found in open grass covered places, usually the drier spots. Wanakena (Plains), Aug. 3, 1920. Platymetopius magdalensis Provancher. Found in boggy places, especially in the blueberry association. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 10, 11, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Deltocephalus productus (Walker). The food plant of this species must be the grass occurring on the high ridges, as the species has been taken only in such locations and along the plains where similar habitat occurs. It is very rare, few specimens having been taken, but very likely if its particular food plant were known a larger number could be secured. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, Aug. 5, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. (May be delector S. & D.) Deltocephalus delector Sanders and DeLong. Taken in company with D. productus on grasses growing on rather high ridges. Barber Point, Aug. 5, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus configuratus Uhler. An abundant species in grasses and widely distributed through the northern U. 8. and Canada. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, Aug. 1, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Ranger School, July 15, 1920. Deltocephalus acus Sanders and DeLong. Barber Point, Aug. 9, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus ocellaris (Fallen). This form which appears to be related to Deltocephalus sayi has been taken on grasses, on ‘‘ tote roads ’’ and on the plains. ° It differs from D. sayi in being much broader, the head shorter and wider and especially by the ivory-yellow or whitish markings on the clavus. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July 13, 1920. Wanakena and Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus sayi (Fitch). This species is common in both open grass iand and shaded grassy patches of forest. It is parasitized by Dryinids which doubtless serve as a considerable check to the multiplication of the species. Cranberry Lake, July 6 and Aug. 5, 1919; July 2-15, 1920. Wanakena, July 15; Aug. 12, 1920; Aug. 1-7, 1917. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. 40 New York State College of Forestry Deltocephalus misellus Ball. This species has been taken in large numbers in a number of different localities and has apparently a rather wide range of food plants, although in Maine it was observed most abundantly upon the Canadian blue grass. It is subject to considerable variation in color, some of the forms being distinetly blackish while others are quite pallid. Cranberry Lake, July 2-39, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus apicatus Osborn. This species appears restricted here and elsewhere through the state by the host plant, Panicum huachuchae. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, Aug. 9, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Deltocephalus inimicus (Say). This species is one of the most injurious of the leaf-hoppers. Over cultivated meadows and pastures and throughout the dairy region it has a very considerable economic importance. While occurring on a large variety of grasses in the Cranberry Lake region, there is so little of the area devoted to agriculture that it may be considered of small importance. It is abundant in the grasses Of the campus at the Summer Camp and Ranger School and in the forest around Wanakena, also in the Grasse River section. It is quite extensively parasitized, both nymphs and adults being noticed with parasites attached. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July 1, 1920. Wanakena, July 15, Aug. 12, 1920. Ranger School, July 15, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus abdominalis (Fabricius). A common grassland species. Cranberry Lake, uly 20 el Oiie Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Ranger School, July 15, 1920. -Grasse’' River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug..3, 1920. Deltocephalus pascuellus (Fallen). Very common in grasslands and sufficiently abundant to be of distinct economic importance. Cranberry Lake, July 20, 1917. Wanakena, July 15 and 29, 1920; Aug. 12) 1920. Ranger School, July 15, 1920, Deltocephalus melsheimerii (Fitch). This species appears to be restricted for this area to a species of Bromus and occurred abundantly in the Plains, Aug. 3, 1920, and less commonly on Buck ee Aug. 9, 1920, and the oe French Camp ’’ near Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Deltocephalus striatus (l.) (=—affinis G. & B.). This species is very much less common than in the cultivated parts of the country where it is an abundant species in pastures and meadows. Cranberry Lake, July 5, 1920. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 41 Deltocephalus nominatus Sanders and DeLong. Cranberry Lake, July, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Deltocephalus sylvestris Osborn and Ball. This has occurred as one of the most frequent species and in a variety of altitudes, but particularly in shaded or woodland grasses where it sometimes appears in very great abundance. It is quite extensively parasitized by dr yinids. Cranberry Lake, July 28, 1917 Aue, 1, 1920) W anakena, Aug. 1-7, 1920. Ranger School, July, 15) “Aug. 12, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus flavo-virens Gillette and Baker. Cranberry Lake, Sept. 10, 1917. Ranger School, July 15, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Deltocephalus nigriventer Sanders and DeLong. In nursery at the Ranger School and on fine grass near Wana- kena, July 15 and Aug. 12, 1920. Euscelis striolus (Fallen). This species is confined to the wet ground or boggy places adapted to certain coarse grasses to which the species seems restricted. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Barber Point, Aug., 1920. Euscelis extrusus (Van Duzee). Evidently prefers rather dry locations, rocky ridges or mounds where some grasses furnish its food supply. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July 20, 1917; July 28, 1919; July 3, 17, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. - Euscelis deceptus Sanders and DeLong. New to New York list. Wanakena (Ranger School), Aug. 12, 1920. : Euscelis uhleri (Ball). A rather rare species in this locality and of little economic importance. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Euscelis anthracinus (Van Duzee) This very black species is by no means abundant but taken largely in low ground, the borders of bogs and in tote-roads. Evidently living upon the small grasses that have worked into the forest habitat. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 10, 1917; July 3, 1920. Wanakena, July and Aug., 1920. Euscelis arctostaphyli (Ball). Reported as occurring, but evidently not common in this locality. Plains, Aug, 3, 1920. 42 New York State College of Forestry Euscelis humidus (Osborn). Apparently restricted entirely to the bog association and taken with the fine grasses which furnish its food support. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Euscelis vaccinii (Van Duzce). Another bog species apparently restrieted very closely to Cran- berry or possibly occurring on other plants of similar character. Barber Point, Aug., 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Euscelis instabilis (Van Duzee). Common in boggy situations. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 5 and 10, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Euscelis angustatus (Osborn). In low ground on bog grasses and quite evidently limited to the bog association. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July and Aug., 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Euscelis elongatus (Osborn). Apparently rare as only a very few specimens have been taken. It was described from Maine where it occured in similar bogey situations. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Euscelis comma (Van Duzee). Quite rare in this vicinity. Its food plant not noted but in Iowa it was taken on Hlymus. Barber Point, July 5, 1920. Camp *“ tote road ’’’. Ranger School, July 15 and Aug. 12, 1920. Sev- eral specimens, including long and short winged females taken near Bean Pond in tote-road on low grass. Grasse River, July 22, O20 eeiains Avie. Lol): Euscelis curtisii (Fitch). This species is common throughout a large range of the country from Canada to the Carolinas. It is usually found in woodland tracts, generally where there is some moisture. Specimens have been taken at the camp in July and Aug., 1917 and 1920, also at various points in the higher ground around the Ranger School on Aug. 15, 1920, and at the top of Bear Mountain, Aug. 15, 1920, and upon other elevated crests. The species is of some economic importance. Phlepsius decorus Osborn and Ball. This species favors wet ground grasses but often taken on hill- sides around springs or in wet spots. A conspicuous instance is the taking of specimens on a high ridge in a very small patch of coarse grass and sedge at Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917; Aug. 5, 1920. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 43 Phlepsius maculellus Osborn. This species which has been very rarely observed, was described from a Single male specimen taken in Maine. A single specimen was taken in 1917 (Barber Point) and a few specimens the present season, Barber Point, Aug. 11, 1920, appear to be all that have been collected. It is restricted to boggy areas and lives on one of the fine grasses of the bog association. Barber Point, 1917; Aug. 11, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Phlepsius irroratus (Say). This species is a very common one throughout the country on cultivated grasses and in meadows generally, but appears to be rare In this region; the only specimens taken are from the Grasse River, July 22, 1920, where there was an invasion of blue grass and timothy. Phlepsius apertus Van Duzee. This species seems to replace the preceding one in the northern or woods regior as it is found very plentiful in Maine in locations where irroratus would seem to be the natural member. It was taken along the tote-roads and in meadows and where these grasses have any value it may be considered of economie importance. Cran- berry Lake, Sept. 15, 1917; Aug., 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Phlepsius fulvidorsum (Fitch). This is usually limited to the woodland associations but is taken in trails, roadways and on one occasion was taken at the Plains, Aug. 3, 1920, in a trail near open land but probably associated with nearby thickets. Barber Point, Aug. 1 and 18, 1917, and July, 1920. Phlepsius solidaginis (Walker). In this region the species has been taken only in the higher stations but in association with sedges and wet land grasses. In general it is found in swampy or wet land associations. Barber Point, Aug. 5, 1920. Wanakena (French Camp), Aug. 12, 1920. Thamnotettix kennicotti (Uhler). Both young and adult in this form have been frequentiy taken and while not absolutely sure as to all nymphs it seems to be one of the common species of the region. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917; Aug. and July 28, 1919; reared Aug. 8, 1920; nymph com- mon, Aug. 10, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Thamnotettix cockerelli Ball. Heretofore recorded for Colorado and Maine. Swept at road- side probably from willow as its host plant in Maine was found to be Salix rostrata. The species is new to New York State list. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. 44 New York State College of Forestry Thamnotettix morsei Osborn. A single specimen of this species has been found and its associa- tion is not known. Barber Point, Aug. 3, 1917. Thamnotettix eburatus Van Duzee. Only one locality, east from Barber Point, Aug. 11, 1920, is noted for this species and it is evidently quite rare. Its food plant is evidently the sweet gale as no other plant has been recog- nized in connection with it. Thamnotettix belli (Uhler). This is a northern and western species and not heretofore recorded for New York State. It has been recognized as most abundant in the Rocky Mountains. It oceurs especially in wood- land on undergrowth and this is considered as its definite habitat. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917. Wanakena, July 15, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Thamnotettix belli var. brunneus Osborn. This variety was described from Maine and has the same general association as the preceding species but differs particularly in the coloration. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Thamnotettix waldanus Ball. This is an inhabitant of the deep woods and has been found only on undergrowth in a dense forest and must he considered as restricted to this association. It was taken Aug. 29, 1920, especially among ferns but where maple seedlings and some other plants were present and it was hard to be certain of food plant. Thamnotettix chlamydatus (Provancher) This species has usually been taken on ihe borders of thickets or forest and was found along a woodland roadway on underbrush but its food plant is not definitely known. Plams, Aug. 3, 1920. Thamnotettix pallidulus Osborn. Cranberry Lake, July 17, 1920. Thamnotettix cypraceus Osborn. Differs from the typical form in lacking the tawny stripes on head and pronotum. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Thamnotettix melanogaster (Provancher). This is a very common species throughout the eastern part of the U. 8. and found in patches of sedge or swamp grasses. Sedges are probably the usual host plant. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, July and Aug. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 45 Thamnotettix ciliatus Osborn. Like other species of this group in the genus the species occurs in boggy places on sedge or coarse grasses. Ii is seldoin taken but very likely occurs in abundance on a certain host plant at the proper season. Cranberry Lake (Hedgehog Pond), Aug. 11, 1920. Wanakena (Ranger School), Aug. 12, 1920. Thamnotettix decipiens Provancher. Common on marsh grass and sedges. The nymphs appear in late July and the adults in August and September, often in great abundance. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1 and Sept. 15, 1917; July 30, 1920 (nymphs); Aug. 11, 1920 (adults). Plains, Aug. 3, 1920 (nymphs). Bear Mountain, Aug. 15, 1920. Thamnotettix smithi Van Duzee. This species seems to be much less aburidant than melanogaster to which it is closely related. It oceurs in low ground and in marsh upon grasses and sedges; it may be restricted to a certain species of food plant and consequently not often collected. Thamnotettix placidus Osborn. Fairly common though not abundant on marsh grasses and sedges of swamp meadow. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917; July 28, 1919; July 30, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Chlorotettix unicolor (Fitch). This form has been taken at many different locations and may be considered as one of the important species of the region; its occurrence on grasses is sufficient to make it of economie 1mpor- tance where these grasses have any value. Both young and adults live upon the grasses of the swamp meadows and form one of the most conspicuous features of these associations. Cranberry Lake, July 24 and 28, 1919; Aug. 5 and Sept. 15, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Grasse River, July 22, 1920. Chlorotettix Iusorius (Osborn and Ball). This species occurs in mixed grasses and sedges and so far as observed here prefers the higher locations but where there is con- siderable moisture and shade. It is too rare to be of economic importance. Barber Point, Aug. 5, 1920. Bear Mountain, Ase dis, 1920, Cicadula variata’ (Fallén). Found only in wet shady woods on Impatiens biflora which is apparently its restricted host plant, at least for the nymphal stage. Cranberry Lake, Ang. 1, 1917; Aug. 10, 1920. Wanakena, Aneel 1917. 46 New York State College of Forestry Cicadula 6-notata (I allén). This is one of the most widespread and abundant of the leaf- hoppers occurring throughout northern Kurope and a large part of North America, feeding upon a great variety of grasses, includ- ing among the others oats and cereal crops. In cultivated areas the species has a very distinct economic importance. It has been found pretty plentiful on the wild grasses as well as blue grass and timothy of the camp sites and: vicinity. Cranberry Lake, Suilycocand 6, VOL. sane. lO. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 15,1920. Aue. 12) 19205 Plains, Aue3.71920) Cicadula pallida Osborn. Has been taken very infrequently and only in bog associations where sphagnum and other distinctly bog plants oceur. Cran- berry Jake and Barber Point, Aug. 10, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Cicadula slossoni Van Duzee. This species occurs in immense numbers and may be collected in boggy places. Wanakena and Ranger School, July 15; Aug. 12; 1920 so Piains ue ia 9 20) Balclutha punctata (Thunberg). Cranberry Lake, July 3, 6 and 25, 1919; Aug. 5, 1917; June 9 and July 23, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917: Aue. 12, 1920: Plams; Aug. 3, 1920. Balclutha impicta Van Duzee. This is by no means as common as the preceding species and is distinguished from it simply by the absence of spots. Wana- kena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Alebra albostriella (Fallén). This occasionally appears in large numbers on forest trees but has not been found abundant especially during the present season. Cranberry Lake, July 20, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Dicraneura cruentata Gillette. Wanakena, July 15, 1920. Dicraneura mali (Provancher). This is a meadow species, but it has not been found abundant in this region of Cranberry Lake. Dicraneura fieberi (Loew). Oceasionally found in abundance on low-ground erasses and in some cases possibly sufficiently to be ee Cranberry Lake, July Gy It Aus. 1 1917, Plains. Aus. 1920: . Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region AT Empoasca smaragdula (Fallén). A common species in woodland, especially on poplars and wil- lows. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, on poplar, July 3, 1920. Empoasca aureoviridis (Uhler). A very abundant form on willows and poplars, often so abun- dant that it must cause a considerable loss in the growth of the plant. Cranberry Lake, July 6, 7, 1917; Aug. 4, 1919. Wanakena, aus ob Plains. Aug, 3," 1920, Empoasca atrelabes Gillette. A very abundant widely distributed species en Alder. Also taken on Corylus at Ranger School, July 15, 1920. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, July 25, 1917; Tuy 15-30, 1920. Wana- kena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Empoasca coccinea (Fitch). Very abundant on white pine and apparently limited to this tree except as occasionally adults have been taken on other plants in the same vicinity. Evidently of economic importance. Cran- berry Lake, Aug. 8, 1917; July 8, 1919; July 8, 1920. Wanakena, July 29, 1920, on white pine in virgin forest. Empoasca flavescens (Fabricius). A very widely distributed species in Europe and U.S., especially through southern states. Our specimens were taken at Wanakena (Ranger School), Aug. 12, 1920, in sweeping brush along trail. Empoasca birdii Goding. Has been taken but rarely and its association has not been definitely placed. Cranberry Lake, July 5, 1917. Eupteryx vanduzei Gillette. Abundant on ferns, especially in shady woodland and a con- spicuous member of the deep woods association; it has not been observed in more open land. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 29, 1920 (deep woods on fern association). Eupteryx flavoscuta Gillette. Commonly taken by sweeping ferns either in low -land bogs or hill forest and deep woods, undoubtedly feeding on fern. Cran- berry Lake, July 20; Aug. 5, 1917; July 5, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 29, 1920 (abundant in deep woods). Eupteryx nigra Osborn. This form has been merged as a variety under flavoscuta by MeAtee and there are fairly good connecting forms but it is pos- sible to find quite as complete intergradations with vanduzei; both 48 ~ New York State College of Forestry forms seem to have well marked differences in habitat but not in host plant. Wanakena, July 29, 1920, in deep wood on fern associations. Typhlocyba querci (Fitch). This species was described from oak, but it has a wide variety of host plants and in this region it must survive entirely on other species as the oaks are absent. It is sufficiently abundant to cause a definite drain upon the trees affected and does not seem to have any close limitations and habitat as it may be taken at various levels on birch and other trees. Cranberry Lake, July 25, 1917; July 10, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; July 15, 29, 1920. Typhlocyba querci var. bifasciata Gillette and Baker. This variety, like the previous species, appears to have a wide range of food plants but has been noted as even more abundant than the species above. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1919; July 2, 25, 1920 (adult); Aug. 13, 1920.. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Typhlocyba Jethierryi Edwards. This has been taken only twice and is probably quite rare. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, Aug. 5, 1920. Wanakena, July 29, 1920. One specimen (Wanakena), probably to be placed here, has distinct black dot on inner cross nervure. Typhlocyba tenerrima (Herrich-Scheffer). Very rare, as only a very few specimens have been found, but these have been collected in the woodland associations, generally where there is considerable moisture. Cranberry Lake, July 25, 1917; July 12, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Typhlocyba rosae (Linnaeus). This is a very abundant species on roses throughout the country ; it occurs in this region on different forest trees but never in great abundance. The species is apparently capable of living in varied conditions although limited to thickets or woodlands where it has both shade and moisture. Barber Point, Aug. 13, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Typhlocyba comes var. comes (Say). Taken only rarely and then from trees along tote-roads. Barber iPomt, Aug. 5, 1920. Typhlocyba comes (Say) var. Cranberry Lake, July 18, 1917. Typhlocyba commissuralis. Cranberry Lake, July 30, 1920. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 49 Typhlocyba obliqua (Say). This species has been taken from a variety of trees but the nymphal stage has been observed only on fire cherry, which may be considered as at least one of its host plants. It is hardly abundant enough to be counted of much importance. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 1, 1917. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917; Aug. 12, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Typhocyba obliqua var. noevus Gillette. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917. Typhocyba obliqua var. Cranberry Lake, June 9, 1920. Family FULGORIDAE Scolops sulcipes (Say). This is a common species in meadow associations of eastern United States but only one capture has been recorded for this region. The Plains, Aug. 25, 1920. Elidiptera slossoni Van Duzee. Breeds in dead (rotten) spruce and white pine; a more detailed account of this species is given under life history. Barber Point, 1917. Proulx’s Lumber Camp, July 18, 1920. Cixius misellus Van Duzee (Fig. 19, b). Like the preceding species this insect occurs in the forest asso- ciations especially among conifers and its nymphal stages are probably associated with such trees. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 6, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Wanakena (Ranger School), Aug. 12,1920: S rn Eu, Vig. 19.—a, Cixius Nevius mesellus Van D. 50 New York State College of Forestry Cixius pini Fitch (Fig. 19, a). Found among conifers especially spruce and usually in places where the spruce is bordered by boggy conditions. It seems prob- able that the larvae may be limited to some of the conifers for their support. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 2, 1917. Grasse River, July 22, 1917. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Ranger School, Aug. 12, 1920. Bruchomorpha oculata Newman (Fig. 20, 6 and c). This appears to be the most abundant species of the genus for this region and was taken in greatest abundance on the campus of the Summer Camp. Cranberry Lake, July 29-30, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12, 1920. Fig. 20— Bruchomorpha oculata Newman: a, adult; b, nymph; ec. Otiocerus coquebertill Kirby — side view of adult. Aphelonema histrionica (Stal.). This has been taken most commonly in connection with the plants associated with the snowberry but probably the fine grasses of the bog association furnish its food supply. Cranberry Lake and Barber Point, Aug. 10, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 12 , 1920. Otiocerus coquerbertii Kirby. This appears to be quite rare in this region as only a very few specimens have been taken. Barber Point, July 20, 1917. Wana- kena, Aug. 12, 1920 (Fig. 20, a). Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 51 Laccocera vittipennis Van Duzee. This is a very common form in swampy regions and was taken in greatest abundance at the Plains in the areas where there has evi- dently been little change of conditions for a long lapse of time. The food plant is probably some of the fine grasses but no particu- lar species has been determined. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Stenocranus dorsalis (itch). Common to wide extent of eastern United States, but apparently much less common here than the following species. Barber Point, July.29; 1917. Stenocranus felti Van Duzee. Common to the northern woodlands where open sedge-covered spots are found. Cranberry Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Kelisia axialis Van Duzee. Usually rather rare and found on sedge in lowland or swampy places. Barber Point, Aug. 17, 1919; Aug. 13, 1920. Pissonotus dorsalis Van Duzee. Taken at lower levels in grassy places. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Barber Point, Aug. 1, 1917. Pissonotus ater Van Duzee. Barber Point, 1920. Liburniella ornata (Stal). This handsome little species was taken in small numbers in low grass lands. Cranberry Lake, July 5, 1920. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Liburnia pellucida Fabricius. A cosmopolitan species common to grass lands especially in more humid localities, but taken only rarely in this region. Plains, Aug. 3, 1920. Liburnia puella Van Duzee. This is one of the smallest species of the group, but often oeeurs in large numbers. It is confined to grassy, moist locations. Barber Point, Aug. 6, 1920. Liburnia campestris Van Duzee. An abundant species of wide range and no doubt a source of loss in meadows and pastures. Cranberry Lake, June 9, 1920. Wanakena, Aug. 1-7, 1917 Liburnia lutulenta Van Duzee. A common widely distributed species. Barber Point and W ain, 1920. o2 New York State College of Forestry Family APHIDIDAE This large and exceedingly important family has been given less attention than some of the other families, partly because the most important species have received extended investigation, partly due to the effort to clean up details of life history for some of the destructive but little known species in other families. No attempt has been made to collect the species occurring in the Cranberry Lake region. : The group is of remarkable interest on account of its unusual mode of reproduction, its enormous rate of multiplication and the many puzzling phases of its attacks on different hosts, seasonal migrations, alternate hosts, ete., which cannot be taken up in detail within the limits of this paper. Keologically, they may be characterized as uniformly plant feeders. Most of the species, practically all for this region, attack leaves, twigs or smaller branches. They multiply so rapidly and form such large colonies that the drain on the plant from the constant sucking of sap frequently results in wilting or withering of plant infested. Such species as the Pine chermes, Alder blight Vig. 21— Alder blight, Pemphigus tesselata: a, much en- . larged; b, about natural size. Photo by Drake and Vivaz. Homoptera of Cranberry Lake Region 53 and Beech bight become very conspicuous on account of the forma- tion of great quantities of cottony or wooly covering, the waxy filaments being secreted by special wax-glands of the dorsal part of the body (mainly located on back of abdomen). One of the ecologic associations of special interest is found in the very frequent, almost universal, presence of ants attending the colonies of aphids, the ants utilizing the ‘‘honey dew’’ secretion from the aphids as food. The numerous predaceous and parasitic insects assisted by spiders and birds destroy immense numbers of plant lice and thus the enormous reproductive powers of the aphids are counterbalanced and kept down to such an extent that the plants on which they feed have some show of survival. Hormaphis papyraceae lives on willow birch and corresponds well with the description of gall by Oestlund. The galls consist of a distinctly corrugated structure between the leaf veins and con- tains numerous dark brown or black aphids. Callipterus betu- laecolens (alate individuals, and various sizes of nymphs and wing- less adults) were found in some of the galls occurring on yellow birch leaves, but more commonly entirely independent of the galls and evidently in the galls by accident. Family CHERMIDAE These interesting little insects form a quite conspicuous element in the insect fauna of the Cranberry Lake region, especially Psyllia floccosa, trimaculata on fire cherry, and carpinicola, apparently on numerous host plants, being taken in immense numbers. All the species are leaf feeders, living on the under surface of the leaves. The common gall making species occurring on hackberry trees are wanting here as the host plant does not occur. A very striking feature is presented in the white cottony masses covering the bodies of the nymphs in P. floccosa on alder and P. 3-maculata on fire cherry. The latter form may be: counted as destructive and merits a more detailed study of life history. and ecology for economic reasons. Aphalara veaziei Patch. Cranberry Lake, July 5, 1920; June 9, 1920. Trioza nigrilla Crawford. This species is widely distributed and a fairly common species on willows. Cranberry Lake, Aug. 4, 1919. Psyllia striata (Patch.) I refer here a very abundant species occurring commonly on yellow birch, but as adult found on a wide variety of plants. Nymphs with small floceulent covering have been noted on birch leaves, but I have not verified the connection. Evidently very close to carpinicola. Cranberry Lake, July 2-25, 1920. 54 New York State College of Forestry Psyllia carpinicola (Crawford). The species occurs in great abundance and a great variety of trees, but was especially plentiful as adults on yellow birch, white pine and fire cherry. Barber Point and Cranberry Lake, July 8, 14 and 28, 1919; July 8-25, 1920. Psyllia floccosa Patch. Cranberry Lake, Barber Point, Plains, Childwold and Ranger School in abundance on alder. Agrees with description of floccosa, especially in genitalia. No nymphs with floceulent covering seen on alder at camp, but these may have matured before my arrival. The Ranger School specimens were taken in alder clump on rocky hillside which was very moist during July and August, 1920. Psyllia 3-maculata Crawford (Figs. 42 and 43). A very abundant form on great variety of plants in adult stage. Nymphs, the floeeulent form, are very abundant on Prunus pennsylvanica. The adults have more or less varying shades of yellow to red on thorax (trimaculata — see life history notes). HETEROPTERA IN THE VICINITY OF CRANBERRY LAKE By Cart J. DRAKE Family SCUTELLERIDAE Homaemus aeneifrons (Say) (Fig. 22, b) This insect is the most common species of the Scutelleroidea occurring in the vicinity of Cranberry Lake. Nymphs and adults have been taken during June, July, August and September, but most of the immature forms attain the adult state before Sep- tember. The species is quite generally distributed, but it is by far more abundant in the neighborhood of low marshy meadows and swamps. Van Duzee (l. ¢., p. 548) states that the insect is very generally distributed and common in the Adirondacks where there were low, marshy spots with ecarices intermixed with swampy grasses. He took an adult upon a species of Scripus on the sum- mit of Cobble Hill. This scutellerid is quite variable in both size and eolor. The color varies from pale yellow or dull to quite dark or blackish forms. The dull or glossy or pale color-forms are often more or less variegated with fuscous or black, thus giving the insect a marbled appearance. The size ranges from 6.5 mm. to 9.5 mm. in length. Eurygaster alternatus (Say). Four specimens, taken at Wanakena and Barber Point near a grassy bog in an old burn. Osborn collected a specimen while sweeping in the Grasse River Bog. Heteroptera of Cranberry Lake Region D0 Family CYDNIDAE Thyreocoris ater (Amyot and Serville). Two specimens: Barber Point and Wanakena, July, 1920. Thyreocoris pulicarius (Germar). One specimen, taken on grass, July 30, at Wanakena in an old burn. Sehirus cinctus (Palisot de Beauvois) (Fig. 22, a). Barber Point, Wanakena and the Plains. This insect is not uncommon and feeds upon weeds growing in small open areas. Specimens have been collected during June, July, August and September. : Fi g. 22a, Homaemus aeneiforns (Say); 6, Sehirus cinctus P. B. Family PENTATOMIDAE Sciocoris micrephthalmus Flor. Eight specimens, taken during July and August while sweep- ing grasses and rank weeds at Barber Point and Wanakena. [| have very carefully collated the specimens with a male and female in the late Puton’s collection (from Paris Museum) and find the American specimens identical with European examples determined by the late Puton. This seems to be the only record for New York State. The insect has been recorded for Ontario, New Hampshire, Maine, Michigan and Minnesota. Peribalus limbolarius Stal. One example, collected at the Plains, July, 1920. 06 New York State College of Forestry Chlorochora uhleri Stal. Crataegus Hill at Barber Point and Plains during August, 1920. This is not a common species in the vicinity of Cranberry Lake. Mormidea lugens (Fabricius). Common: Barber Point, Wanakena and the Plains during July, August, and September, 1917, 1919, and 1920. Numerous specimens were observed breeding and feeding on mullein, Verbascum Thapsus Linn. at the Forestry Camp. Many examples were also collected while sweeping various herbaceous plants. Euschistus euschistoides (Vollenhoven). Barber Point, Wanakena, Plains and Conifer. This insect seems to be a general feeder upon many herbaceous plants and sometimes on birch, beech and poplar trees. It hibernates in the adult state. The eggs are frequently parasitized by a small hymenopterous parasite. Euschistus tristigmus (Say). This is the most common pentatomid in the vicinity of Cran- berry Lake and is found during the entire summer. It is a gen- eral feeder upon herbaceous plants and also frequently breeds on trees (white and yellow birch, ironwood, poplar, beech and maple). Adults and nymphs have also been collected on the blossoms of wild spiraea (Spiraea lalifolia Borkh.). Several adults were taken bearing tachinid eggs, but the parasite failed to develop in the laboratory. Hymenopterous parasites have reared from its eggs. Euschistus variolarius (Polisot de Beauvois). Wanakena and Barber Point, July and August, 1919 and 1920. Not common. Coenus delius (Say). One adult and several large nymphs were collected while sweep- ing grasses and weeds in a semi-marshy place near a small stream in the Plains during the last week of July, 1920. Neottiglossa undata (Say). Common: Barber Point, Wanakena, Conifer and the Plains during June, July and August, 1920. It is found on herbaceous plants. Cosmopepla bimaculata (Thomas). Common on weeds and rank vegetation. Adults and nymphs were noted at various times during the summer feeding on mullein. Thyanta custator (Fabricius). An adult and several nymphs were collected at the Plains, Crataegus Hill and Barber Point, 1920. Heteroptera of Cranberry Lake Region anh Banasa dimidiata (Say). Very common: Barber Point, Wanakena, Plains, Crataeyus Hill, and Conifer. Adults and nymphs have been found on yellow birch, beech and also on various herbaceous plants. The eggs are frequently parasitized by a small hymenopterous parasite. Meadorus lateralis (Say) (Fig. 23, b). This is largely a tree-inhabiting species. Specimens have been observed depositing eggs on yellow birch and beech at Barber Point during June, July, and August. The winter is spent in the adult state. My records indicate two generations a year dur- ing the summers of 1919 and 1920. Nymphs and adults were taken in the tops of large yellow birch trees (felled for catkins while studying the insects affecting re- production of yellow birch) in the vicinity of Barber Point during July, August and September, 1920, by Mi. Eric Johnson and the writer. In some very tall trees many nymphs, representing three or four instars, and adults were feeding on the leaves and catkins. Adults were also reared from eggs and nymphs (taken from the tree tops) on catkins placed in glass breeding cages in the in- sectary. MM. lateralis, although sometimes taken while sweeping herbaceous plants, is primarily a tree-inhabiting species. It also breeds on white birch and beech trees. Fig. 23.— a, Aradus quadrilineatus Say; b, Meadorus lateralis (Say). 08 New York State College of Forestry Elasmotethus cruciatus (Say). Barber Point and Wanakena, August, 1917, 1919, and 1920. Elasmostethus atricornis (Van Duzee). Barber Point, August, 1920. Mineus strigipes (Herrich-Schaeffer ). Four examples, collected at Barber Point, July 19 and 26, 1920, and one specimen at Wanakena, August 1, 1917. Perillus circumcinctus Stal. Two examples, Wanakena, July 30, 1917, and two specimens at Barber Point, August, 1920. Perillus exaptus Say, var. d Van Duzee. A single specimen of this variety was taken while sweeping rank vegetation near a small stream in a semi-aquatic place in the Plains, August, 1920. Van Duzee lists var. d. from Colorado and Washington. The typical form is a widely distributed species, extending from Vancouver to Quebee and southward to Colorado, New Mexico and New Jersey (fide Van Duzee). Podisus serieventris Uhler. Abundant: Barber Point, Plains, Wanakena, Floating Island, Buck Island and Conifer, June, July, August and September, Oe Lo Loeamd 1920: Podisus modestus (Dallas). Common: Barber Point, Wanakena and Plains, June, July, August and September, 1917, 1919 and 1920. Podisus placidus Uhler. Several specimens: Barber Point, Plains and Wanakena, June, July and August, 1917, 1919 and 1920. Podisus maculiventris (Say). Barber Point and Wanakena, 1917, 1919 and 1920. Osborn found a specimen on yellow birch feeding upon a frog-hopper, Clastoptera obtusa (Say) and the writer took a specimen on a willow tree with its beak impaled in a lampyrid beetle. Family COREIDAE Protentor belfragei Haglund (Fig. 24, a). This specimen seems to be more or less locally distributed in small, grassy areas, but frequently abundant in these habitats. Wanakena (on an open grassy hill side at ‘‘French Camps’’), Barber Point and Plains, July, August and September, 1917, 1919 and 1920. This is the most common coreid taken in the vicinity of Cranberry Lake. ; Heteroptera of Cranberry Lake Region 59 S ’ raat C > e Fig. 24—a, Protentor belfrage: Haglund; b, Lygaeus kalmii var. augustomargimatus Parsh. Alydus eurinus (Say). Two specimens: Barber Point and Wanakena, July, 1919 and 1920. Alydus conspersus Montadon. Several specimens: Barber Point, Wanakena and Plains, 1917, . 1919 and 1920. Corizus crassicornis (Linnaeus). Numerous specimens: Barber Point, Wanakena and the Plains during July and August, 1917, 1919, and 1920. Corizus lateralis (Say). Two specimens, collected at Barber Point, July 1, 1920. Family ARADIDAE Aradus quadrilineatus Say (Fig. 23, a). Several specimens: Two adults and a few nymphs, represent- ing three instars, were found under the bark of a decaying beech log at Barber Point during July by Osborn; one specimen between 60 New York State College of Forestry the crevices of the bark of a recently felled yellow birch tree, Barber Point, August, 1919; Mr. Fivaz took two specimens. on the window of the insectary, June 27, 1920. Aradus robustus Uhler. One specimen, taken on a yellow birch log, July 19, 1919. Aradus ornatus Say. One specimen, collected on the window of the inseetary, July 20, 1920. Aradus similis Say. Common, Barber Point and Wanakena. This insect breeds in the crevices of the bark of dead spruce and hemlock. Eggs, nymphs and adults were taken during the summers of 1917, 1919 and 1920. Aradus similis centriguttatus Bergroth. Taken with the typical form on spruce and hemlock, Barber Point, 1920: Aradus tuberculifer Kirby. Barber Point, July 24, 1917; taken about noon as the insect happened to alight on the side of a tent. Aradus lugubris Fallen. Several specimens, taken on the windows of the insectary during July, 1919 and 1920. One specimen collected on a yellow bireh log at Barber Point, June 25, 1919. Aradus lugubris var. nigricornis Reuter. Taken with the typical form on the windows of the insectary at Barber Point. Aradus abbas Bergroth. Barber Point, June 17 and July 26, 1919; collected on a tent at camp. Aradus proboscideus Walker. Three adults and many nymphs, taken in the crevices and beneath the bark of an old dead spruce tree at Barber Point (in Beaver Meadow), July 9, 1917. Aradua niger Stal. Several specimens collected by Mr. Hide and the writer on a pine log at Barber Point, July 10, 1917. Aneurus inconstans Uhler. Barber Point, June and July, 1919. One specimen was found on an old yellow birch log, near the Beaver Meadows, June 26, 1919, Heteroptera of Cranberry Lake Region 61 Aneurus simplex Ubhler. Many specimens, taken at Barber Point beneath the loose bark of a small dead beech tree, July 20, 1917. Fivaz found a specimen on a spruce log, at Barber Point, July 22, 1920. Numerous speci- mens were taken on the windows of the insectary at various times (of the days) during the summer of 1920. Family NEIDIDAE Neides muticus (Say). Several examples, taken at Wanakena, Barber Point and Plains during July and August, 1917, 1919 and 1920. Family LYGAEIDAE Lygaeus kalmii Stal subsp. angustomarginatus Parshley (Big. 24, db). Common on the ground at Barber Point during July and August, 1919 and 1920. ) winter in the mature state. Salicis Osborn and Drake and cana- densis Parshley are synonyms of this species. It is very variable in size and somewhat in color. Corythucha elegans Drake (Fig. 25, a and 0; Fig. 26, eggs). Taken on Salix spp. at Barber Point, Wanakena, Plains and Conifer. This species and the following, C. pallipes Parshley, are by far the most abundant species of Heteroptera living in the vicinity of Cranberry Lake. It is not uncommon to find the leaves of badly infested trees greatly discolored and almost’ entirely destroyed by their feeding punctures. EHlegans also hibernates in the adult state. The nymphal stages are represented by five instars and there are two generations a year at Barber Point. The egos are laid in irregular rows on the ventral side of the leaves . along either or both sides of the principal veins. ‘The nymphs feed in clusters during the early stages. Occasionally the species breeds on poplars, Populus tremuloides Michx. and Populus grandidentata Michx. ZORA aS PROVEN Otsiees (UMS) warerr ea cialis res athe aya emtater ee eis = sees oe 22,78 Dichrooscytus selecanss) (Wher) hye 4. ee wales shoes cele eat ern oes se 14 Dicty nage (UOSLONENSIseeH itt) eryeirere epee tehayar rae ch syeverseteycte ere ake tags nm: 5 sh cs 18 liropate NASA Bist" Fo. Sey Oar ee Ce ee Ce Of CRO NCHCREETONGIS CG Goce Aanyais COs ae Ee 18 TACIT AT ay ETT he gee ey Aaa ea e sioc ey okey ciel ats aise mera MeL aS ese tyadel ove el oo 18 VOICI GS wm ge fe ays cers asescers Qc toreee, sche ae: cise, 9) cre redness) Sic e.atene 5 ellen 18 IDK OOS ~Arerllie (UNM) Gosnes Coop BODE oma oeomn a> ob en oeO mee one ZON2 FAME LCI Spm GUIMMLSTS) ie trees ee ete sate) fovea. arameeetetenerctar cee) sree ts ars Se LOU VCR T ETE) (OLD OT Kek P a toe Me atte OLE A a Oa NR en “Biged CR aeRO Ee Le 20, 77 Dickraneura, (Dicraneura)) cruentata “Gillette. .22-..05--2+--+-2+-5--+- 46 inkelaorent’ (Lory Na Se Se aerate gi ckard piety MOINS et Gee Br see RE hc En cee eee 13, 46 Trains CTOvan Cher) Meese cras teeter cick istic coticrae heoche eins cincran setts 46 Mracemlacepuala, maniwobiana: Ball. oi.) sjs.5.. cscs se see see es a 21, 35 AOMNTOSS A(ISEANA): Weebl eich ea emeee See ieee Sepaee osarsate mane ae end eee 35 MOVEUORACEU Simm OHM Ghi\ em eaer eas cinta siarceatetere sess cnc clon cic mite eects aus 21, 36 DiMNeOeles MAME TICAMA VELOPK cu5. gc cc aie soe cretnaie so ac one ere tine ne 67, 123 IDLCE AG PMP ete ree ten one ay seenepocs <2 Pctokeiieesanaie tes he cee pis ene ceaie stain tach weet 67 E. Bil mAGsHE MNS) Hines. (OVEN IDV) | Soce doppobe ones cmuora palace ce 58 crunciens): ‘(SERY))" 5 oSs05 bono SopEe UAB Oe omer oo eucdc bel eo oem of 58 BiidiipterarSlOSSOnmen Vain DUZCC Sc. ci =o ow is) feeder we Jl ode lee ye 22,49) 97 IA OOR, WORE) 2 cools Go CO SO RODE CD mInE Oe oe roS doo ies Mein Macnee eens 13 VOUEIOIPUTTED, ~ 2’ } od bo ob wna Beaea O C OTe nee ROR een ec ON RCRO Ol pro macrcigacio a bia 13 ete Talsvl Pe fete = ess cles coe) 2 opel Soo ot a a stokegsl at avefolnts: sueusyersie?s 13 inponxcn girroleloas Cilline! So eabomoue oepe op ocr coo bo GouReoKoobbonee 47 AtieOraenGhiy (Wee). Gas ce oemetoee sesae ec Babe ons ne pbc SuSesomr 22,47 lonialin. “GGGhine 5 4/o6-o ba eeRIO eae BORO mond ons diabicing b.6 morc. ccaciouak 47 GOOSUNERY (UIE N)) aldo borne 6 CIC De CCI e DIRE ao oc am Aeginln. Gidigrero bei 22,47, 95 HATOSGENS (ADIGE) ee & beoleo coeeinin o> aoe Biola orc cod ees olibicdtoialc 13, 47 smaraelniey (ANN) “Seas copeuoubemebeeco o505 c0cl6 0 cloc dian 13, 22, 47 IBio WAPTGIIS) &.6 Sivan EE DID AI ties IEEE I Ore Dre as tics abe oineicsaD 22 HnchenopambimMatatap way ire pikes ei cielo ec cloner ene Sak bee otal since 30 Igjaenne), ulneclolerne. 1RIGMWG om Ba poe are oF Con GRoanen code oud CoD oUO oD 17 TSW STIS, “LEWIN ok eag.ote > crete cho Sain d Ooi Gea co.cc co ome omit Oe nce oe ae Li [Bjaeire Wein: JENA Nappa sono do Someone us bu ooc U ODOuebe o6e mr 17 (HORAN). | INGHES <0. gh S aale sd omld dO Sao bb. Soe e domo UO oad On GIeoID Deno 17,18 Pe MI COMMS MEM Ste (WS eps cyaerie oo ciye weue cieinie varsee ei ttsyevayais Se cca Seis ‘oes 3) 22. 62, 63 172 New York State College of Forestry PAGE HUpLeny xe laviOs cuban Gillette ca ai ceiciecte sake eis okie iter eroeee tee yel oer Oe Havoscuta GullettemVar nigra Osborn. | ose ae ereneee ea 20, 47 van duzereGille tiene st. tits Lee ais oa aus yas a (sai [ere tol Sather es eR ere ae 20, 47 Hunopiellanubirda q(CWhler es Seis. seietucryaro catered cence cis CORE Renee re 21 HUG CASTER UbETMALILS) A (jaya) aces eet uek a ovelene ceievons louse echelon Ranney eens 54 HUscelismancusta tis (OSbOrn) ieee nes erie cities ae elec eer 15, 42 arctostaphy lite (GB al) 25 cuelerre Te sues cleh ers ciges exeyeceile eterens apersney etche el ey oe 15, 41 anthrae mish OV amliazZeeii ns oct oe reistorerciels sacs We siete eae onic Renee 41 coma (Vani WD wZeelre esac isc sce edo Were tr cutis. si Sascha at erate ore 15, 22, 42 (Canis ((Ciwamt |) KIEL) eky so clo ode bo ple coo oe BUA ot ealee anes ater oe 42 deceptuse;Sanders 1d; Delong mee aeickeils cists cites 4) )0 srete = elterenattel shel ale 15, 41 elonratusr (Osborn): were cv rs eur corietei ei uslcioke a ote ccteiedega hens ela AZ EXETUSUSAViaT oD UZEeN IY crcbate store eae rebeianeee keterais dane ne a ones caenieue cas onenere tone meant 41 laonemiatrse (CO ei81) eode onde oe mOb ody oo Saco aoase 2 ne ome 15, 21, 42 IDStA ONSEN AMD UZEC) sc eyes seeuslene ak aden doneds Goes ehetevaletert eae Smee 21, 42 ODSOLS GA chs iN eeo ensue tevclelede itech cet eisicrnie ete heen ete gous) Suagerete ener 13 SUT LACUS gern er cee tees wos hated eee devel ayieheda ue me re aie tena feiss whee ereeaeree ie Onntega eevee 13 Striolitsen (tia lle) h hee cde. Rawleree. remtra che) as, whore ener clea iver Foner Re Rar Base 13, 41 abide rina (ABallliy a ees d i. ce teckar oie certs catches eect tue 6 alsa lave, os) «) ayes o-tr'sh.e: hilwi al rete es) she ue sales 13, 20, 74 RATES Yili Lora Eee peer ey steve crisvetiatcy lists sveccec iG sar cioee ot setre a erates denen aU oar aetei eke SS GROG 85 INhysphuls) Geeaey (iso oilllbhaver))) “sooo oaokes bo oabb bo ocoDon od oUGooo KOON be 1B}, Als (Oli Gaya ((NVOUEE) > ors « cts Dye eee ts asic ore hielo ts, ce peltenayeetiode Cesena ey we hcewae 61 O. Oedancala -dorsallign, (Serv) ie sss ioe pea seteve ccotasl eto A say a eouce Mme Ce gene 63 Oncometopiadlateraliss (halons) meee eee nee ene 35 Index to Genera and Species WAG, PAGE Onearsis commertns (Weim IDWS one os cd bcncuseodseoueope ume moa 22, 33, 34 HTC Mam VAT MOLINA CM er aor cis cic sive’ chet cndia Gitte ters) Sel euen oh adl vi breusler de .e's 20, 22, 33, 34 AUMTE OLN (HHL NY) Bete eos Powe aye. =, oie diss scl cuss aue detaiee, sm Gye Guat ere eerie veld larene 223 mibcretingisn, (CATS 0) 6 ey GRR RG iS eines CRIS COORG Onions rons 6 34 jist (eignyenncier)) So Ciccone GEO ccnp Dak coi ocoriien mir ncis Cig > 33 SCOT) TRLIUL SIAN AVA e0ed Meenas sss", 0 -)'=tiey cash a spspane as ayev' ain aVion sin Sy ak evis wi onoteacvariagel sierete 22, 33 weneronllres, (VNU): oo db cro BeON Ee eReRON ERNE cae es MICS Noone Src rioae 20, 33, 34. Cminolonnmn:, lomeneejas Stella > os csoebecewoondes opedoecosdoecudumaccec 21,61 Ondngieiaicins, GAGE) TG NIN, Wels ce cen cmaere em neice meet Ob eins Gos a 67 Orihotyluse catia Mp MMZCE 2. =i. oie eee le ee one os olsen hn wists 79 eile Tammie; SEs bs Ge ic. g Geer en ean aCe conti Breet 14 Ghorsllig, (PROVINCE) 5 boibe He Soc eeB toe oo E Ooo oD 5 Ome bono oc 22509 (Diommatus congrex Uhler dorsalis Prov.)..........-.-.-1-+-+--: 14 (marginatus Uhl) (Cyrtorrhinus) marginatus Uhl..:........... 14 aramalinecems. “WG kes, ¢oncecanecosuoe aoaue DibOs Deon lob os ac Boe nlite yirndlig Wein IDG oo e0e pees 5 pee cote Damen On DOO ee montis oto ccc 78 Winocerusreoquebertil KILO Ysc> s.0ce ss iis tals ts el tie ele os oie sis eerie om 50 P. I DEMEGY TRG) USHTSIIIE 3 Hine Geb hao brole 6 1o seen aera eI ier mei 68, 149 Palmancorber NUGMKON CANOES cao ae ab odc o4H HOR ee BelsicipicidtmctG oo = oltolo b'dic 86 Pamalcolloerennns, ule Ositoirnls 6 50cnbooop So OS pee opomen OUamoDO ou Oe 15, 37 wool, (Ulalere)) 5 pec bbc o 6 cine co oe cia 0 Oe RInISIEIe ero Bianco coiaimaror ic 5 Be PAROS SOE cise bees Food HookH ads 55.06.5000 COM mIRICID OeEEd BIgIOInND o-oo een aor 18 Pellioaes WMoyaly PEON So dé dogo 558005500 CSO MEO DIDMOH OOo oso uoes oc 17,18 PEA CME UWASO MIG, Gee bo ocidb oo ob cub eb bce SOD emOOmmn Oo Obim oe oman Doce 22, 52 Pemimcorcsds Ince) (SERA) se ada dan cock so 4065 pnp oouee em bn ddcIos amok oc 82, 83 Perimkce Iiumuolarmimey tSiwal.>cogcces aco on booopmoodouooeo oon ocO odin cc 55 Peri CeMes uCOMSPEICUUG a (SEAM) teleeiety ae etRe a <1 a1)-<76, 5 oon een eee 2 ere ee exabel 63 Pomme @hroumNonneine: Sule cio ow clos oo seo a OM Men Oe UDbOIND omaGo ou mo 58 exaptus Say var.’d (fide van Duzee).....-:.........-.----+-----: Pal t5%s) Piidippus® multiformis: Gye spss -ielss=-> <2 -). + « Tisha atone ACM oreo Meet eran 18 ET, cic cies Sao Sea Ole SNS Ot D0 2 6 G0 COENEN Paani iG Ox icican cio 18 intlmcmnsg. Ihnen: (Clibiin)) sc odo a0 5c 0606 don Seba game Ooo camo mos PAN Ay VAT eno Et niet MTG 5 (MANUEL ) stains = (els deta lene to ajc rnc «2 © Adele eee sole die wr eieneinr nl score 26 ihilaroniawbllinesitan ayaa mers lence ees 2 ses. 2 «a tod. eae ete 2125 Phiepsius apertuy Van) Duzee............: Dn i RS Ald otto Ren cot 43 decors Oslorian. Gr By, Jo ecec cooncubo coup ooUD ooo Ue hEco a ocnD c 42 huiwiGorsium ~ (P@N)\y go kecceencasbe spanue ddemocoocence subtest oo78 43 ieronrains (SEWN os coc ode cogubwee Sogo co banmauou done cote p55 op a0 43 manele, Ozloonin 5235 Petoo as edocs ena ome oD oon onodbocoo 6 15, 21, 43 Bon ln ereamee MC VVAOT IN fe. -cay-.5 1s oul elecie selenite iat ¢ said ag ssiee sien cies 43 Phylecvas abbnevaatis: (Uber)... 5. 2. oe epee te a lp ie iste tle 63 iPvmiucdavaiky, We Shy. coc coo epe pp OU ESE Deco Co aep one O GeO Ooo oR oc 14 Phytocoris conspersipes (breviusculus) Reut........-.---+.++eeee ees 14 PTA TCC CLUS MMS TATE IG ot ayn hee sche ene, e)s)olayd oi =,2 216,000 + seis Soe ess 16) c uensiiens sactans 72 eraaius Wein IDNA J beteopnedsocsaooubodcne coo ommcc mosses booG 2 Sealants) | ewer 4, we sese sen se eee eosnoos suuoU oR eo ourocooFsoT 72 THUCUE IRMIGINE 5.5665 ¢u0co0ne se comb wooooUebiT ove cey Dic ud ODDO 22502 lesions Remier ooo besc0cenopoosee soc sucdoubeousoomene PAI), Paths Wa MalladicOMMIbORENET — . or 65 oj. 2 2.2 wesc 20 2s a wines Ola Belews ae ea es 72 Repiieis MMe ey. Fo sis oe 2 '<, os siayshsienne mele o's se sare evestianme 9.2 St 22, 72 S10!) 5 ode ons ob sa Be emIOMne ae COUN en clam dlc eric oto S Oi cig oii oc oii 21 ae rae CIM@TOAU SAGs « «Jo loys ceo 0 sin Aejeten= ae uehshe eur cloln aha euaiele ain a\eeie e 22t 64 Pilophoms amoenus Uhier . 0.0.6 22.0. -j. 22 eme ee eee ere eee PETIT Uk elaymmes Wher eM, So. 5 sole eis wale a ose.» ols chen eh bin nave a eltieleiar cies whe! s 14 lehman, Tees) WINES 66 ca owenouboboboeoooeT PA SELLA ce RoE a fiy tS do tog tc 18 IPNSR@uignS Rute Whi IDI aig od como poe be 64 cic © odo Od ob Oeooo ore Ooi 51 dlomzalhis; Wikia DIVES oo mo saccdole oo bbs Un ocd Oe OND Diol 6 boc 51 Pityorenes: hopkinst Sw. ....2 256 ees 2s ce wee eee eie ww eels ote me eels cele 67 176 New York State College of Forestry PAGE Pityophthorus: balsameus me {Sps.s 2.2.4 421- sects ae a ele 119, 121, 129, 133 BLOVAlIS! WG eS Pieces Aloo s a: a 5 cflencsecon tig susensns shia lel ahs geMaus cn See etouenat nee 122, 124, 129 RISCOCIA Ms. (Spits cose estes Stine pine ee Se D eon io eas El Deen oe Sa eee ee 123 CAN AVA STISIS YS Wir cvs leds sa eee Pel hare dole Woke ences menos Weustete nats Shot meee ee ened P20 E2 denLifromse Ae, SPs « isteach ovolty dare hee etek na ete 125, 128,129, 131, 135 Pea TONEY ADM TON) (aie tear MRO eh Or Oy chen oar oe ae oratorat, Comite & wkd c 119 NGOUUR EN INyec li Oks Yor pare lee cine D keer Albin cern Ok Oud Palo OL crear bimeatn Coico Bic aralaicn ota G8 oo 138, 140 MULL CLUS SW ke sha tet Co Pe xe eA MeWayie ac IS Puma aifc Ms Renisesles cial fest ye) eines etna aye en age gee 119 OPACWIATS | MCC ee. Sern neretapaeeee-Recewaiionite eden) ston esacl ier «sede eRe are DVOSs 1205128 Paes Glas Me ASP irtretee he oils rea espana eon NN Syratron car abet cvtetatiae chet a) S12. age Cyaan 120, 129, 135 OUEST TUT S GCC) «seria pets ee igest als cilel oveneloheit ov ebiate roy fos) (6 client te) ee enema 120, 128 pulchelltisbiehh | (ninticeps; Wee) et irrncss ease akejaatelatci-r ste (ole te melee 125, 126 JORUUGM ERVIN A 7A ca AUbW ROIS atid d 4 COIGla Beale ois Hite Lia atlg iain ore mite Oo > pike c 123 OUST ONR ICC Chaired see reves uegiceis Milagre ines asogel tolvskeN chs, Tok uctey Acpe dpe ee bone ote tro coReneiRe caeeme 126 Sle PaTaip mers eeierons cater alls acess, sene betel toeerat: feniila 124, 128, 129, 131, 135 lekveaoyeane nl oqbe) EnoenAiy MOINS con oes oho oo ea ue ba Sbocsm oon eco ode a9 chinysanthemilen((WOltty) tae eae cuit ce echt sieyatee eiarcln eran Rieko si 74) frabernusr Willer Vrerects.5 Aciercahe Givens to cuere bos ener c ayers Whe ERS eve Geewone epee PANS (f) AUSCOSUS) HET OVAN CHEE! Saeed eeStchoco ste Ge Sclieg ame avezsvel neta lateseutpe hese Mole ie meters 22,09 Od CuienIS: WAN sca Oba sured aco wo tad casemaan apicld'c cha oi0 9 01 0 14 jibe re LOM in es Sawa oto coupe Dude oor abcon dues tatoo sdiddin.o sen. < 21,79 Glos ike, Sea neRcroes eo ae s-ctuid tors Dy shark ayete le Guehe! pele st avtyers Ge skticee OR aeTOEE ome «9 Sl), Ge eer ote Ree ee aren ne ai Caeircioideys ciate es Coro iy.d.o\o aiaic 67 80 iO) dL Eee eet Siege Sis caer RA irauCneenE AIM NCIC NAG comico guiidod 80 PMlatylyveuss lunidusy (Reuter). secre oc eccrine alii r are 22,73 Platyaetopins acutus (Say) ess... delat peveiya ee wie = miedo ahelode siedeheedey ais 38 acutus var. (Say) “clunamomeus, Osborm). .22 557.2 oa. eee 38 cuprescens: (Osborn) ssi ee ces aie ne ree oe Palyeg- ohoks okey) oo) “yaaa ta 39 macdalensis: eicietl hs Ata chee eemremmuar va Pater 17, 58 tanec OMe, § Westh o Geocsoin core citico ow Ble occ abo ne Wi, 22. 58.08" Poecilocapsus lineatus (Fabricius) ........---..--+ 02st ee seee eee eee 73 Poeciloscytus unifasciatus (Fabricius) .......------+-+-+sess0ese cee OLS nie WeAenoans Wine ooogstwoason oo by do doe>Hsoeouddo Os bundooB coo oS 72 Polygraphus rufipennis Kirby......-.-. 6.25. 2.6 ses e teens cet aees 67, 128 Protentor *belfrages *Waplund *. 0.2) ues sie eee epee i elie ee eon 58, 59 Psallilivas): ‘mp eepieetarh ore ects clcey nas cqnuctolerelo4 cheliaye reas oie uemege never Sues (oy cests\ch- morris 21,79 ER nCommMOVOlIn Goo dbooe bu go oad do oumoacoo oO adack bee mantoeo ns 144, 145, 146 Psyilllia astipmratar iets cela tile craters ane ele fees) ies resers = 5 ata rar-te level ca eee A 101, 104 carpinicola Crawford." 5. 21.10 tej cro fos elers eltteies «sine le = aie eee 22, 53, 54 flo@cosa: Patents slo Ueievelewt cin clo cntctefs ated sie Ueige Hie see WOO Mo aamn Ons Seaablleucey (Omehyaorl ssbacacacanogcadocouc 22, 53, 54,-101, 102, 103, 104 cipekmaya((leb nel)! Sache gaus apne co pooodl0 sc00 Goo CndS RE a Goi 05d 0 22, 53 RHINE COMmENE, SEAYiodocancoscudonulco0n dono GouDodeGgUUEDEaaabOusa 21, 30 R. Ranateapamennlcana, = IViontad Omer mr ci) eiecle cieieclloteietetteienel went cen hele verek- 21, 81,85 Reduvius personatus (Linneaus).................22.2s see ee yess 13, 66 Rewterdas IrOvatamg (Says) ek x cicrccie ony. ameter ere serene ene poke henet-ts ceketeears cates 78 Rhagoveliagobesay (Wer: cir iroc.termeheisieeetletteialelenstre heliaentethaeienoenererenar 82 Rheumatobates milevie (beronothem cea. ch eerie echo Chitika tree 23, 82 Nhinocapsusavanduzeet stile cms nuanent stile) eeiererlshercisrechenere nett nsie ner 79 Index to Genera and Species ae S) PAGE Sc eco Heme OMI Cluaraests (acct cittic sncvattaie crete secee etl he eaeialetojcl cis veveral audi'ssyeusen duel es 82 Saulsinlle, cartier, © (iSERV)) Teer ee Getcietole cic Soe einiaicint 4 Cine Omar ren ae rerreener 82, 83 HOGER SULU EU SMm GSENVR) Met nars <<)= 4 .ecc/as aro Sane y isvelera. © siclelete eis elves Nicene zia.0 eiLs 20, 82 DiC. (PROTA). oslogecacume pope oGbocd lc Jaco co od Co oeDOnmEe 82 OT OUC Ul ae AL) Meter ale, oas, coal ay Sree sia) ave lelei lee lore) teem e shel epakacedanateves =\4 82 pepliivieas (Uae Sr ICiU)) 92 o 2b i Ueie oar eaeb Cpa OIcarreocenen cbr Goaae 13, 82 npegian, (JIMS) od ee ho ee OBEROI Onraoode ao coeoeo cee comme 13, 83 yerpeediia: (CULMMOR)) ocick: Se Renee EEC eainee Diciecin Actors aries Cioe Nene 83 Scaphoideus auronitens (Provancher)...........-.........---0:---- 38 TMI, SERY |) Sci oe c cooks 6 EO ORS GDR OIGRISG Geuiouiets 3 cca mister 22,38 ligjoamnsy | (AVE. ADIUZAES) 8 516 Bia ota cae eee DeROSIER Ooo Bicec ern DORIe ara r 38 S, (PeGticie” (Cs RCN) AR2 dos soot BOR meeagnin enon psopoicge cc 38 senloiens, KAVmia,, IDES) Galpie ns chad o Bit CnC eon SIS era carers estes 6s 38 SCLOCONIS MICH Op inemen mus! (HOT) ee). 1e)ce wis we o)~ © oe wl el= elersieveie ohn) « 13; 22, 55 STOLE: “SUCCES (Sth 4) Aires ano Ae eee eae ie eae 49 SchimUSmemeLusa:(ealisoG., de, IEATWOIS)) hi. steve scsiete e)elsuerb, <0) sien icin ele a snies 55 Simon, Ghevdlemag, (AR DAOIED) 456 Sul5 6 oo 0 oo Oo COO OOS BCOPmOI SO oO 66 SOULE ELIS MES Gel AGUS pe ((ENIVA)) ay egn tay op eset rote payee, cis Sarhexch'sy avs avs. (6, o's 6) sleyteres sllspeme vere) 0% Se 18 Sphacrocystas peck: han cASNIMG lc) cr iielillelac @ = ise + ss ne eee ele S beGoonce 105 Siemacrnininc: GiGmsenligy (aiken) so. va.0 4 vidal gu od Ce IOE OOo lo CORSA C 51 uieihen. | (Wea IDA)" “S68 gis os Glo a 0S cra, CSO OS RIS EEO DIBERE GION Clo D oMsee eno Ioo 51 Stenodemas Erisplmosimma (INEWbET) erleieciol ese oe mn ys ig}, Pile A aval CHEN UTERINE (OAT Oiy TC Ce) Menem AIete Melodie teeta role .!/= poeta el etal/el nfiailollsVoil <1 -tatep el = Pale A) SEN OLUSEEDINOtALIIS! = (Malls) em im mteeceisist«) tes cose -~\ oo tle! s) «1 selene jeleusia) ts 32 Siineroea onan, Theireey (MEMES) 8 oo dies Bobcat coos UROeoo bap po oS o once 14 Stronglyocoris (‘Stiphrosoma) croceipes (Uhler)...................--- 14 TAGS, (SEN baie wenn bt obadle dat Ha co eee eeneC eee Ir iaeeeen 77 SMIOMOCOLIS LUStICUSN(H Alem) Rita cieiets «oss cele mes ale clots oe eters e ane 63 a Molantonapoaroa tay (Vane DUZee)) cyl erleyelcterel > 2.) 2) Na enstestenceytohomay atertel ot oeeke ane 29, 93 eoinviin ((IENHEMN)) 665865 0d0nb0 90s 50 0c0uDdOuD ODO UEC Sah et Bea Aen A 30 GEChivAlLawe Viale MD IEZCOI hems crere matter te elo: csils, els 6) oc cllos execute oess. stoner uses 29 maGlivens, (IMM) ooo cbcsebocecooocwO COR PUanenn OO sm OmGGr 22, 29,93, 94 Teratocoris paludum, Sahlberg.........-...--- eee eee eee eee eees 13, 71 Tetragnatha grallator Hentz............... IG de DO MOM eC e One aan so 18 AO OM OSA MME TIL Zee in mr Neeareis ssc ciel olielel «sie:s veuets) OOOO coerced amin 68 GROWN a ooscoceceascnoososbononog au COU SIbdGs Huo eee 17, 22, 62, 67 Nnrmimareicoe Toll (Ole) 6 cogco pus oeeuse Uneomodoc o> oe courmecnotar - 44 joan Aver’ ioTspiaemns (OR Gon 6 poco opeuacodeadbod boo ocaua5o oOo a6 15, 44 chlamydatus (Provancher) ......+--.-..-se eee e seer e ee eee eee 44 eilininie. OC... so o45 a5 Gon BODO Oe OOOO Oe OD Oo nOe oom bdo 21, 45 qoceercil Bell ooacsbdoccce bb soe ooaUOOModomEOnDoC Dhee Rin Ss Me MSee is), 272 72/8} GNUACEUS | OSWOUM (sla .ofs pave Gc cree se) e.0 ene 4 6) cheat nyalellene)© # a meisin inn Hcl 44 decipiens Provancher ............00. 0 Seite e ee eee eee eee 21, 45 Gomes Wihin IDWS so eos oe oe CAUn ero on Do.cU en 2oao odoIboO Tit or 21, 44 ikenman@oriat (Willer) 3.5.6 besten Ged acted nouloton.5 claewrcg Ono dO 38, 43, 96 melanogaster (Provancher)........---+-sseeese seers eeeee cee 44 mersen OTM. s-secoapecap bed tooo ub OU Oo o> cad oido!s Codon pono 15, 44 poeta s) MOSWORW Fac cis alae os Mie onl oles Seem a alirisie cle Pele sine ees ws 44 (leven inbiy 9(0)s)s,0302 1 Ogee ans ROSES ene Cini SEC iot i cr ca PA cimitiu Wein IDIAO gb gbwe pone UoonU coe oboe s tino ooo mOm obo. 45 Walia IES, ooh s 6 on Oo oolo nD eao 0 Om cl cia citys Oise cyto oie 15, 20, 44 Theridiosoma radiosa (Hm) ..........e- cece eect eee eee ee eet teense 18 iheridinmlerrondeum) oElemtZ. co s.o. allele wie cc cide eee cle ain ein en eievsiein a o'elale « 18 ism (aM) so vanadooocu oboe BeosbG 000d Don Up ep clomumo un bD dt 18 Mheriduia spuaerula, EMOMtZ co. coh ae ae Boe ae vie wee ee ewe ete eee 18 Mhyantaecustator (Habricius) ........---.0.25 2 cess eee eee ete eee : 178 New York State College of Forestry PAGE Whyneocoris) atern(Amyot and sServallle)i-.veislepr.t-t secre ee eee eee By) Pulicaris's o((Geramiar) ohs.c aps cao cearedela ature! ae OO eee 59 ALT oe NSHP ha elvoy olvieel woh Ante ican ic Oa RIES Cie ad Cerio ec omnes Golo aoc araterada 5 W7(s, Its’ oblompnis: (Waille\y nz cis 624d dele sic ectreueceutonevene) 605, era Rea A = eee 17 ABT Cay MELINA OSAE sn, Mare saad oo so enage eteed & es gel evens) oe ebeerroy 5, 20 cos CT RTC eae 24 MOVEWOTACENSIS e tater levctessnes sf chehene a eeavelenete hay eia shiver nic ucu Arcee eae aaa ear eRe 24 it pucenm caniculariSem (cclarrdas) ea ciepeccuee erential skies orate ee eee 24 Mrepobates pictus: (hlerrich= Schacter, )yyepers cee ics) eis ecle ce Ohenee ae eenene 23, 82 Mrigonobylusipulcher \Reutery-10 4. \a ees fe 6 a ce Rath cs SCRE NACE ON SE 71 GULVCO UMS Ge Otro ya)ie ics che ate euegeis tami earele ee eidinls «ice aera eu ey Pale aw) Mrioza nionilla: GCrawiOndu.,: stk 42 clas secre aac: Gaye eds iae).. eae ara chavs 53 SEW GUSH APL I Way tls, secvorttweraaisvais a fnaiseiaei ta eee maet eres qekres ia ees eee 22 SaPUNE LALA: DH coche 3 Rgsvelen oy Sok eyeee Gl syel aches gone olan eahine Sieual te «ater tae ee 14 AME MAES WASMCONOSUIE! SENyeooeGcugcedandoc gb oncne cao Odom po ae 17, 22, 62, 68 ‘Dromnbiclumay Spe creepy he ctekene mle shehens cuad easieo cuore Mais ebay tatren es Riser che fells boheme 113 Mrypodendron wbebullace so. eit 2-2): bettered ener aS Seon aeaieet Aaa coe eee 67 lo tivatits ent aa vo aay? eisai snk acaiiciat steamer o, acre Riss: Ge Pp OP MS era Bade eee emesis 67 div phlocyibag Comesze GS aya)! Vas yelers esis s 2 ce sacanom cusie cis cece eae eer nae 48 COMEGSSA GSA.) uety een tates. che Resse layh mle ai avo soe ee Reedley RCE a as ga cue ee 48 COMMUSSUBALS — sspy eievererene ral atin dyad Go snog atin wi et See a es» Geek cs eI oreo 438 lethienmyt Mawar sie scoters Je ole ore e 249 on8 cite feo sue eh ReNeR OIE eae nen 48 Olli q ay.” CSAY)\ dies xls ceeist os 5 6 5 a otlescc pang ORPSRUID © wc EoRe Ret T tan arson eet yeep 22, 49 ObliGua; var. moevusiGulllettes: tra. stare lta. emery shorter erent 49 Obliguay. Val at HMOs c/s. < s shace)s aente-c co) 6 Soh eee er hea tee casiee Ree esas 49 (ODEs efor Gl Aah e cl a) eee eee py nice ee MRR Cn oy Miben hee cree OID cig rs Ge orc UG on 22, 48 querci var. bifasciata) (Gillette & Baker) lessee. ce eicens: 48 OSA Gi ( LalMO QOS oie ce ccs eGov teas ue Jone ac Oe STONE en ere Cee 48 tenermima, a G@rlernich= Schaerer). aces ie ae eae ane eee 48 Xe Westocephalus: nigmiirons Osborn enrich pence pt yene renter 15, 37 jouibicenenbises Went. IDV soo c adn bandeedgaesdbun sou uno pduben so 564 oll CIGOmaisy havens Ws kiacdsaoogd beaks oo 0c 117, 118; 128) 1295 131, 133 POMLO SUG eg TRAE Ze 2 shee ace ol ite are, oe elie orice Score 1a oes Or SUMO Aten sige ee ear weet See 118 Mylocoris(Piezostethus) galaetinus® Wiel y0 20. . ce teen ee ene 14 Key LOLEHIMUS PONG By ys) 5.252, danse. soscd aeeietOAw cal ave tch ess hls, 3 Meaotene eens ern Stoke erento 67 DOOR pe liibcal CHIT el oN kee quia dae bacco DiGi osicicc Gomme Goo 55 18 i | 3 9088 00790 1