wy hated ‘ ' ” Perens reir tt a est gett 4 ‘ sh +44 4 eet ‘ sets ne ' . = beh y 4 PL pedal , ripbiy wepalre! } Lat rt > Ht aadete ya l; 1s " wrdoegs 7 4 te ” 4 se be. ini)» tehaye 4 a ve put a “ errs ie je sjede 4 4 Ne pt ed ta erry vied 409 , tT 4 ti < tobe Ch teh ees } thy hy 4) 4 epee dy PR IOIG Bate ite te hale’ n eye nets eo , ‘ siete 1% rere yess Ne birt ntorarereieretets ye i; ante da Shea hndy Cote ety (td bee te ak ee é: LA fee ere Sane sate +: Ag ot: cain : , oh ; pie rere ii Ai o *. © pale ithek | +4 Sabha +) @ he padeneheg san , a 1 epepet 4 fais piv ye » 5 Tha jos bere venue ie Sivas haigede poiies | idea haveya (ene lapeyr i iy biased bbephyena ionde: a eh 4 hy ‘ ; ° oy : i ' 7 y i ; remy 7 : : ne 4 bebd 4 ; 164 init { ‘ i oifey aun ‘ J real ae ( ey eerie 4 u tee y vot ’ beer ” nfre Abhveghe ariniaborsiyde Tee batetit che earthen reed cplaceve dene pe ‘ wy . siege ‘ Tene, ‘ i at Dt ooerat gti etre? ‘ nhagndag La Pod by at eas f a fog iprre ye gar 4 yeau teen tty Biers ‘ : : : Oro lanein * " peer: san peaniernd: gaper vh sghsevannaey saat : . rw ; @ ‘ Tibial LA ais ded led ; ‘1 44 sae eile atyeatee as ite a4 te jolt P bye bauer fi Lene eo é i | tre A + be | . Mane Lh . . , jas ; } . 1 pret tee H ee ¢ ra? , +f i iH *7 ft esrb ias ay soneyes i ree ‘4 ‘cape ana) soem ieee ter itimerey veers eset iir Ts peek rae oe roliaseatats : i sist a HARVARD UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY F787 Fo xt HAN GE MONTHLY NOTICES OF PAPERS & PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROY AT: SOCTE Ia OF ape A yey een Bes FOR 4 TASMANIA: PRINTED AT THE ‘* MERCURY” STEAM PRESS OFFICE, HOBART TOWN. 1868, Gantents, Page Proceedings of the Society for March...,........::.::ecseesesrecen ee alin ts \eeaTe' esac 1g +4 a = PAGE ye isv'ees oss oeniseee aeceeeseereecsensageaseceenseses 3 = ns a MAY sae monens 20 os a oy PEPE a oso ok on wien Sd deb conte nero na meer see 22 | The Simultaneous Disappearance of Jupiter’s Four Moons, with some Notes upon the Laws that Govern their Motions. By F. Abbott, Notes on the Remarkable Storms which occurred on the Coast of Tas- mania and the neighboring Continent in March, 1866. With Litho- grille Map. “By F. Abbott, F.R.AS, FRIOLS. cue gece OT Meteorological and Botanical Abstract for the Winter Quarter, 1867...... 32 Proceedings of the Society for September ..............::ccseecesseeeereeeteeeeneees 340 Py a ne OebO DCR o5.0i Dive gs chscecunty enegeecbopenenet seston 36 os - Worember (pn .i5.sbess pepe eset ene ee 379 Meteorological and Botanical Abstract for the Spring Quarter, IGT. cca 40. ¥ s Es E Summer Quarter, 1867-8 ... 41. Tish Of SHeLOWS .1c.... ..ccscccescecacsastssonsevgnosstvaeees-cansasncsdhescnasnann*siebnaamerne 49° Minutes of Annual General Meeting ...........csccceeseeseeceeceeeeeeeeceesee eeeeeees 53 Fe Special Meeting for Revising Rules XXXI. and XXXII. ...... 55 Report of Council for 1867........... --ssseeeeeeees ee ie Ses: 57 Statement of Funds of Society... ........ccccceeetcceeceececeeereeeeeee see nee sce eee scenes 62 Presentations to Museum ...... 20... :.cseeseeseeeee eee rseeeecueeweuseres Sere 63 Books Purchased and Presented .............:.:seeseere 2 RE PRE ore «seas cee 64 Plants, &c., Received at Gardens.............cccseeeeeeecreeeeresseseeesetea nesses eanes 66 Plants, &c., sent from CePA GNG. sc caasisccancen vaste oe eeioeves ee 67 Plants supplied to Public Places .....scesssccecceesetesseseetee cerns ertenecseenens 68 Tench supplied ............cc:scccgecne terete seememeny getmmmceteeaseceeeencesasensecenceceasans 58 List, of Plants intr oduced into Botanic Gardens during the year...........66.- 69 ROYAL SOCIETY. MARCH, 1867. THE monthly evening meeting of the Fellows (the first of the preserit session), was held on Tuesday, the 12th March, T. Giblin, Esq., in the chair. Justin McC. Browne, Esq., who had been previously nominated by the Council, was after a ballot declared duly elected a Fellow of the Society. _ The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, laid on the table the following returns rec2ived since last meeting :— 1. Visitors to Museum, January, 610; February, 520. 2. Ditto Gardens, Jan., 2,193; Feb., 1,598. 3. Plants and seeds sent from gardens:— _ To J. B. Young, Esq., Sydney, 35 plants, and 24 papers seeds. (Plants to be returned in exchange.) To Dr. R. Schomburgh, Director of Botanic Gardens, Adelaide, 78 plants, and one bottle seeds. To. M. A. Verschaffelt, Ghent, Belgium, 4 Tree Ferns. 4. Time of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in . Botanic Gardens. 5. Books and periodicals received. : Also Meteorological Returns from Hobart Town for January and February, 1867; Port Arthur, for November and December, 1866, and January, 1867; Swansea for September, October, November, and Decem- ber, 1866 ; Ross for September, October, November, and December, 1866 ; and Westbury for November and December, 1866, January and February, 1867. The Secretary read the usual analysis of the observatory records, with a health report for February, by E. 8. Hall, Esq. The presentations to the Museum were as follows :— 1, From Dr. Agnew, two specimens of Coral. 2. From M. Allport, Esq., an English Perch (Perca flwiatilis), caught in the Water Works reservoir. [The English Perch first spawned in Tasmania in the month of October, 1865, and the fish now presented to the Museum is interesting as having been reared from the spawn then taken. When first hatched the embryo is merely a white line about a quarter of an inch long, and weighing a fractional part of a grain. This fish (twelve months from the time of hatching), illustrates the rapidity of growth in suitable waters, it being nearly a quarter of a pound in weight]. 3. From Captain Clinch, a Spear, a Bow, and six Arrows, from the New Hebrides. ; ; 4, From Mr. Crowhurst, a Roman Coin. i 5. From ©. Gould, Esq., a very large number of Geological and Mineralogical specimens procured by him during the Geological Survey of Tasmania. (These specimens have been arranged by Mr. Gould in the Geological Museum to which they are a valuable addition. } 2 6. From Mrs. Hubbard, per Col. Chesney, three ancient Deeds, one of which is of the time of Edward IV., 1482, and another of that of Richard III., 1484. Also two certificates, 1829 and 30. [These Deeds are in a remarkably good state of preservation, the writing is of great beauty aud clearness, and the color of the ink very slightly changed. ] 7. From Mr. Masters, Australian Museum, Sydney, 18 prepared skins of Australian Birds, 385 specimens Australian Insects, named, 150 specimens Shells, named, (43 varieties land,-9 ditto marine.) 8: From Dr. Officer, a Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus.) 9. T. Stephens, Esq., 51 prepared Bird Skins from New South Wales. 10. Hon. J. Whyte, Esq., 17 Indian figures. 11. From the Royal Exhibition Commissioners, two blocks of Marble from Bruni Island, 40 Models, in wax, of Tasmanian Apples and Pears, samples of Sperm and-Blackfish Oil, and Spermaceti, taken by a Tasmanian Whaler, sample of Gum of Oyster Bay pine. Two bottles containing Oil from leaves of Blue Gum, prepared by Dr. Huston. A slab of Musk wood (Eurybia argophylia), two ditto of Oyster Bay Pine (Callitris Australis). The Secretary read a paper entitled “ Views on the affinity of Acra- denia,” (see Page ) by Dr. F. Miieller, Corresponding Fellow of the Society. ihe Ceeiemarn then drew the attention of the meeting to the reduction which Government had lately made in the Grant to the Public Gardens. He stated that the Council had already taken action in the matter, and requested the Secretary to report results. The Secretary stated the facts, and the Council deliberated as to the proper course to pursue, when it was finally carried that the experiment of using prison labor should be tried until the 80th June next. In answer to a query by one of the Fellows if a grant of the gardens had been issued to the Society, he was informed it had not. Mr. Buckland asked if, in case of debt accruing from its being found impossible to manage with £400 a year, would the Fellows be liable for the amount? He was informed they would, and also that hitherto, even with the late grant, the gardens had always been a source of loss to the Society. In,the course of the last three years they had trenched on the funds of the Society to the amount of £106. It was resolved that a special general meeting should be held on 21st March to consider the whole subject. A special vote of thanks was accorded to Dr. Miller for his valuable paper, and the donors of presentations were also thanked for their contri- butions to the Museum. The meeting then separated. APRIL, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held on Tuesday, the 9th April, J. Barnard, Esq., in the chair. E. Atherton, Esq., who had been previously nominated by the Council, was, after a ballot, declared to be duly elected a Fellow of the Society. The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, laid on the table the following returns for the past month :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 494. 2. Ditto to Gardens, 2274. 8. Plants received at Gardens :—From Botanic Gardens, Sydney, 29 (of which 9 were new to the Gardens). From T. Young, of Sydney, 3 Plants, and 6 varieties Gladiolus. From Mr. Henderson, Sydney, 15 Plants. 4, Plants, &c., sent from Gardens:—To Mr. Henderson, Sydney, 42 Plants. To Messrs. Grant and McMillan, 95 papers Australian seeds. 5 Time of leafing, &c., of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. 6. Books and periodicals received. 7. Presentations received. Also Meteorological Returns from Hobart Town for March; Port Arthur for February, and Westbury for March. The Secretary read the usual Monthly Analysis of the Meteorological records, and Health Report of E.'S. Hall, Esq. The Presentations to the Museum were— 1. Specimen of Saw-Fish (Pristis), from W. L. Crowther, Esq. 2. Ditto of Chimera Australis, from Mr. M. Browne. Mr. M. Allport observed that although information had been given in the newspapers from time to time of the movements of the Salmon, he thought it only due to the Society to make a formal report on the subject. The oung fish which went away in October 1865 returned in February 1867. This tends to prove that they are absent 15 months, and not 3 as some writers at home still maintain. In favor of their absence being of 15 months’ duration he might also observe that when they left the river they wore, of course, the Smolt dress, and those which have been seen are Grilse. Were it the case, as some suppose, that two trips had been made to the sea they should now have been Salmon, as the change from Grilse to Salmon is known to take place on the second visit to the sea. He him- self had no doubt that they had made only one sea trip, and that 15 months was the period of absence. At the same time he would observe that when the smaller rivers begin to be stocked we shall be able to carry out further investigations with greater accuracy. Nets, which in so large a river as the Derwent would be almost useless, and which would be liable to be swept away at any time by floods and floating trees, would be of the greatest benefit in a small and easily managed stream, and the return of probably the very earliest fish could be detected. At home, in order to settle this much vexed question, the second dorsal fin, called the “ dead fin,”’ has been cut off, the fish sent to sea, and a reward offered for its capture on its return. In the course of 3 or 4 months a Grilse would be brought without the fin, and the reward claimed. It has been suggested that in such instances the claimant may have obtained a grilse, cut off the fin, 4 kept it till the wound healed, and then presented it for the reward. After spawning time, between June and July, it is intended if possible to capture one of the fish and preserve it. At present the weight of the grilse ig estimated at from 4 to 6 pounds. The formal business of the evening having now terminated, the Fellows adjourned to the large room upstairs where, agreeably to notice, a Microscopical Exhibition was to be held. This Exhibition, like its predecessor, was very complete in its display - of Microscopes, accessory apparatus and objects. The large upper room of the Museum was fitted up for the purpose, and six first-class instru- ments, made respectively by Varley, Ross, Beck and Beck, and Pritchard, were exhibited. Also two Microscopes, by Oberhauser, three of Binocular construction, by Beck and Beck, with a number of minor instruments. Many of the former were fitted up with all the modern accessories and improvements. The doors were thrown open to visitors at 8 o’clock, and as each Fellow had the privilege of introducing three ladies the room was soon filled with spectators. . The series of specimens brought before the meeting was so extensive and interesting that parts of it might properly afford material for several distinct notices. The circulation of blood in the animal and sap in the plant were well displayed. A number of suitable objects were shown under polarised light, with an extra large Prism, which, besides assisting in the accurate determination of structure, produces most beautiful effects. Not the least interesting objecty were a series of thirty sections of Colonial Woods, together with Foraminiferee from the Mediterranean and the Coast of Australia, Polycystina, from Barbadoes (seen opaque and trans- parent), and also a large number of entomological and vegetable prepara- tions. A specimen of the cast skin of Aphis déstructor, and a Chrysalis were shown by means of Beck’s opaque Disc-revolvér, by which arrange ment as many as five sides of a cube can be examined with ease. In addition to the various objects shown under the Microscopes were thirty-one enlarged microscopic photographs of Diatomacez, printed on albumenized paper. The negatives of this beautiful series were taken by Dr. Maddox. On the same board was exhibited a photograph of micros- copic crystals from the Human Breath, showing the chemical constituents of the exhalations thrown off from thé lungs. This photograph was taken from a drawing by Mr. Lens Aldous, the celebrated Microscopical artist. To illustrate the infinitesimal beauty of these photographs, natural specimens of the diatoms weré shown under the Microscope, exhibiting strize from 40,000 to 100,000 in the inch, Some of the above objects were beautifully prepared by Mr. E. D. Harrop, of Launceston, who very kindly sent them for exhibition. The Fellows present who had Microscopes were Mr. Abbott, Mr. Abbott, jun., Dr. Agnew, Mr. M. Allport, Mr. E. Atherton, Col. Chesney, Mr. Johnston, Mr. Napier, and Mr. Stone. Mr. Roblin had two Microscopes gader his charge, and also exhibited, with great success, the Magnesium ight. . The Exhibition was continued until about 10 o'clock to the great satisfaction of the numerous visitors. MAY, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held on Tuesday, the 14th May, J. Barnard, Esq., in the chair. The Secretary, Dr. Aguew, laid on the table the following returns for the past month :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 457. 2. Ditto to Gardens, 1925. 3. Plants received at Gardens—From the Botanic Gardens, bye 75, of which 9 were dead on arrival. ~ 4, Plants, &c., sent from Gardens—To A. Verschaffelt, Ghent, Belgium, 7 large Tree Ferns; to the Sydney Botanic Gardens, 1 case con: taining 50 Plants, and 330 papers of Seeds. §. Tench supplied—Mr. Morrison, 12; Mr. Strachan, 12. 6. Books and periodicals received. 7. Presentations received. Meteorological Returns—Hobart Town, for April; Port Arthur, for Marck ; Swansea, for March; Westbury, for April. The Secretary read the usual ‘‘ Monthly Analysis of the Observatory Records, together with those of Births, Deaths, &c.,’’ by E. Swarbreck Hall, Esq. The presentations were as follows :— t. From the fntercolonial Exhibition Commissioners—Photographic portraits of the last remaining Aborigines of Tasmania, three sets, framed and glazed. Two polished slabs of Musk wood, presented by W. Rout, Esq. A block of Marble from Sorell, presented by Miss Glover. 2. From M. George Couraud, of Cognac, through Justin Browne, Esq. —A large collection of Land and Marine Shells (named) from France. 3. From Mr. Maddock, Dunrobin—Specimens of Freshwater Shells (Tasmanian.) 4, From J. Barnard, Esq.—A small box turned from wood of the Blue Gum (Eucalyptus globulus,) showing the beauty of the grain. A letter was read from Dr. M‘Carthy, of New Norfolk, enclosing a specimen of an indigenous plant, the berries of which on being eaten had given rise to symptoms of poisoning resembling those induced by Bella- donna. (The plant is the Pimelea drupacea. Natural order, Thymelee.) A note from Mr. Calder, containing the following peceser from a letter received by him from Bruni Island was read:—* Last week a curious circumstance took place in Simmon’s Cove. An immense shoal of small fish of the sprat kind (?) was driven into the cove by larger kinds, such as the Barracouta, King fish, and others, in such numbers that they absolutely suffocated each other, and drifted ashore in such quantities that you will hardly believe me when I tell you there are at least one hundred tons there, and fully two hundred more at the bottom of the water, all dead. They are now quite putrid, and the smell can be per- ceived fully a mile and a half off. The top of the water is covered with a ee of oil which has exuded from the dead fish. We are longing for a, high tide to carry them away. Many carts and boats have ‘been at 6 work, taking them for manure, yet they appear no less in quantity. I have been calculating that supposing four of these fish weighed one ounce, the number of the dead will amount to forty-three millions and eight thousand.” Mr. M. Allport observed that a similar migration of these fish to our shores had taken place in 1844, and numbers of them passed far up the Derwent. They represented the Pilchard of the Northern Hemisphere, and were, no doubt, identical with those which had lately visited Port | Phillip. Although they were the representativés of the Pilchard it was possible some slight traces of difference existed between them, as was generally the case with all representatives of animals in the two hemis- heres. 5 A very interesting paper on “The local distribution of some Tas- manian Animals’ (See page 9) was readiby M. Allport, Esq., F.L.8., F.Z.S. Discussion ensued in which Messrs. Swan, Russell, Young, Buckland, Dobson, Johnston and others took part. Mr. Abbott read some notes on meteorological returns lately received from the Cape of Good Hope and New Zealand fsee page 13). Among other points touched on Mr. Abbott directed attention to the marked, and as yet unexplained difference in the direction of the prevailing winds, as shewn by these records. At Mr. Allport’s request, Mr. G. Masters, who has lately been engaged _ in making a collection in Tasmania, on behalf of the Australian Museum, Sydney, gratified the meeting by exhibiting his collection of Tasmanian insects. The thanks of the meeting were given to Mr. Masters, also to the authors of the papers, and the donors of presentations, and a special vote was accorded to M. Couraud for his very valuable donation to the museum. The meeting then separated. VIEWS ON THE AFFINITY OF ACRADENIA, By Ferp. Mvueuteir, Pa.D.,M.D., F.R.S., Corr. Member or THE Royau Society or TAsMANIA. Amone the few endemic genera of Tasmanian plants, Acra- denia is one of the most remarkable. Its only representative, Acradenia Frankliniz, Lady Franklin’s tree, was discovered by Dr. Jos. Milligan, on Franklin’s River, in 1842, and phytographically defined by Mr. Richard Kippist, in 1852. (Transact. of the Linn. Soc. XXTI., 200-207, t. 22). The precise position of this plant among allied genera remained hitherto unfixed, the perfect fruit being unknown. By the circum- spect kindness of Mr. EF’. Abbott, the zealous Director of the Botanic Gardens of Hobart Town, the writer has very recently been favored with the opportunity of examining all parts of the fruit, and thus to point out the affinities of the genus. Inthe absence of any complete record of the carpological characters, it may not be out of place to define these before the com- parisons are instituted. Acradenia Kipp. Calyx persistent, Petals deciduous. Carpids free, 5 or rarely 6, almost coriaceous, quadrate-ovate, about 4 lines long, outside everywhere closely appressed-downy, at the outer angle of the truncate vertex apiculate but not rostrate, along the inner side and the vertex dehiscent, often only one or two ripening. Endocarp bivalved, elastically secedent, short saccate at the base. Placental membrane minute. Seeds singly ripening in each carpid, about 24 lines long, smooth, cartaceous. Albumen, a thin imperfect stratum surrounding the straight embryo. Cotyledons ovate, plane-convex, much thicker than the albumen. Radicle exceedingly short, superior. - From these notes it will be unexpectedly apparent that Acradenia must be excluded from the Boroniaceous tribe of Rutacez, with which it was temporarily arrayed. the main characteristic of that group being a cylindrical embryo, with a conspicuous radicle lodged ina large albumen. In trans- ferring Acradenia to Xanthoxylex, of which tribe no other forms occur in Tasmania, it is but right to point out, that almost with equal justice it might be drawn to the tribe 8 Diosmex, in which the typical genus Diosma, though sq dissimilar in habit, has many characters in common with Acradenia, its structural differences consist in its conspicuously 5 lobed disk, its pentandrous flowers, and the total absence of the albumen. It remains now to trace the nearest affinities of Acradenia among Xanthoxylee. Pilocarpus, confined to tropical . America, possesses 4-5 stamens, it has moreover the calyx merely minutely toothed, and the flowers are racemose or spicate. But these notes become not singly hut only ¢ol- lectively of any value for generic separation as demonstrated by Euodia, Boronia and Eriostemon. Among Australian Xanthoxylex, Pagetia (F. Muell. fragm. phytogr. Austr. V, 178-215), differs in the plurality of ovules, in the adnate endocarp, and in the absence of albumen. Euodia (combined with Melicope) has a tetrapetalous carolla, a long testa, a copious albumen, foliaceous cotyledons, and a conspicuous cylindrical radicle. Bosistoa (F. Muell. in Benth. fl. Austr. I. 359,) next to which Acradenia must be placed, though often distinguished by pinnate leaves, shows these occasionally, if not frequently, reduced to three leaflets, and it would not be surprising if Acradenia like some Boronie was found to vary in this respect also. The petals of Bosistoa are valvate in bud, a character of little moment in the mutual relation of genera and even species, of Rutacez ; the carpids are large, a note of no generic importance though remarkable in this instance, and the albumen is entirely wanting. To these distinctions so little importance can be attached that the writer has been induced to locate Bosistoa sapindi- formis as Acradenia SBosistoi (Australian vegetation, indigenous and introduced, considered in its bearing to territorial resources and settlement p. 29) under the Tasmanian genus. Discoveries of new allied forms in the jungles of East Australia may draw the connection between these plants still closer. The two localities in which Acradenia Franklinie is known, are the vicinity of Port Davey and of Port Macquarie, but it may be presumed that this noble and rare plant, so worthy to bear the name of the high-minded Lady Franklin, occurs in many of the interjacent deep forest ravines, where it is likely — to rise to a stately height. Melbourne Botanic Garden, 12th February, 1867. QN THE LOCAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOME TAS: MANIAN ANIMALS. By Morron Autport, F.L.S,, F.Z.S. Every person who takes the slightest interes} in our natural history must have observed many instances of local distribution, of birds especially, which are often unaccount- able, but which, nevertheless, carry with them very useful lessons as to the difficulties of establishing new forms of animal life, in a country already occupied, without great danger to the original occupants. Many of the Fellows of this Society must have noticed the absence (till lately) from our suburbs of the black and white or whistling Magpie (Gymnorhina organicum), the Miner (Myzantha garrula), and the Rosella parrot (Platycercus eximius). From the earliest days of Hobart Town till a few years ago, these three birds were unknown, as residents, on the Hobart Town side of the Derwent, from Glenorchy to the Huon, although much of the country lying between these places is apparently similar to that inhabited by the same birds at a distance. So marked was this absence in the case of the Magpie and Rosella that Mr. Gould, the celebrated ornithologist, specially refers to it in his recently published handbook on the birds of Australia. In 1860 a pair of Miners established themselves at New Town, and since that year several whistling Magpies and more ‘Miners have built their nests in the domain. Rosella parrots are now frequently seen there also, but I have not yet ascertained whether they are more than casual visitors. The long absence of these birds from country apparently well adapted for them cannot be accounted for by the mere presence of houses in the neighborhood, as the same rule would apply to country towns and farm houses generally, yet all three birds are found in great numbers in such situations. The Surveyor-General, Mr. Calder, to whom I am greatly indebted for information as to the habits of many of our native creatures, and who has at one time or another visited almost all parts of the island, has remarked the very narrow range of locality occupied by numbers of our animals, in some cases evidently due to the different physical aspect of the _ country as regards climate, soil, vegetation, &c., but in many 10 others as unaccountable as in the three instances first men- tioned. For example, the Diamond Snake is never found in the country lying west of the Upper Derwent and Lake St. Clair, though other species are numerous. The large and beautiful Mountain Duck or Shieldrake (Casarca tadornoides) breeds in large numbers on one small salt water swamp near Swanport, and is never seen except in pairs as casual visitors in other Swamps to our perceptions the very counterparts of that at. Swanport. The little mountain rivulets running through New Town, Glenorchy, and Hobart Town, possess two species of small fish from the sea upwards for two or three miles, which species then gradually give place toa closely allied third species, not found in the lower streams, no difference in the food, temperature, or other physical aspects of the water being apparent to our senses. The large fresh water fish known to northern colonists as the “Black Fish,” and the great river Crayfish abound in streams flowing to the northern and western coasts, and are wanting in those flowing to the eastern and southern. Although in the case of the Gordon, flowing west, and the Derwent, flowing east and south, some of the sources of each river approach very near to the same spot, and the crustaceans might actually walk through swamps from one to the other. The large Freshwater Mussel is present in the Macquarie, and absent in the Jordan, though the rivers are of much the same character. And the graceful Forrester rat (Hypsi- prymnus apicalis), plentiful all over the Bagdad tier, is never seen on the hills round Hobart Town, possessing the same climate and vegetation. So I might go on drawing instances innumerable from many sections of the animal kingdom, but those adduced will be sufficient for my present purpose. With reference to the Magpie, Miner, and Rosella, Mr. Calder wrote me some time ago that he had been in the habit of frequently walking in the domain for 35 years past, and had never seen any of those birds there till the two preceding years, and concluded by asking what could cause their absence formerly or their presence then ? My own belief is, that the well-being of living creatures in their wild state often hangs upon a very slender thread, and that in such case but a slight alteration in the balance already established by nature may produce effects infinitely greater than any one would be, at first sight, prepared to admit. Is it not certain that the gradual destruction of any one creature, and the consequent increase of the food upon which that creature preyed, will make room for neighboring animals preying upon the same food ? 11 In the earlier days of Hobart Town dense scrubs extended down the courses of the rivulets from Mount Wellington close to the town, and these scrubs were inhabited by large numbers of predaceous birds, now almost wholly absent. I allude to the large Chestnut-faced Owl (Strix castanops), the small spotted Owl (Spiloglaux maculatus), the Owlet Night-jar (Algotheles Nove Hollandie) and the Mopehawk (Podargus Cuviert). Till within the last few years these birds scoured the open country in their immediate neighborhood every night, the three last for insects, and the first for insects, birds, and small mammals. With the destruction of their daily hiding places these night-birds have gradually disappeared, and the insects on which they fed have proportionately increased, offering, I have little doubt, tempting inducements to the Magpies and other insectivorous birds to extend their range over the ground heretofore scoured by the night-feeders. This alone may possibly account for the gradual introduc- tion of the Magpie, and probably had a direct influence on the Miners and Rosellas, for both the latter birds are occa- sionally torn off their roosts by the large Owls, in the stomach of one of which I once found the greater part of a Magpie. If I am right in my supposition as to the cause of the gradual appearance of these birds in country hitherto unoccu- pied by them, and that it takes so slight a change in the natural balance of creatures to settle the question of presence or absence of particular forms of life, it behoves all those interested in the cause of acclimatization to study well the natural history and capabilities of the countries to which they wish to introduce new creatures before spending much time or much money in their experiments. Wherever the de- struction of indigenous creatures has been carried to such an extent as to amount virtually to extirpation, the acclimatizer may do good service in introducing and protecting animals of similar habits to those driven out, but where no such extirpation has taken place we may rely upon it that the successful establishment of new creatures can only be accom- plished at the expense of those already in possession of the ground, and we should therefore be especially careful that the forms to be introduced are better worth having than those already existing. With regard to the vegetable kingdom, if a man wishes to establish new plants he first proceeds to clear his ground of the existing vegetation, and would consider the attempt useless without this precaution. Is it not more than probable that the same natural laws, in this instance, govern both the animal and vegetable kingdoms ? 2 The difficulties to be overcome in any attempt by man to alter the existing natural balance of animal life are felt to be so great by most scientific naturalists in England, that they: look upon many of the acclimatization projects as likely to result in utter failure, and our salmon experiment especially has been frequently regarded as a waste of money, except ag a warning to others. But the objecting naturalists have overlooked the fact that the tidal waters of the Derwent have. unintentionally, but none the less certainly, been admirably — prepared for the introduction of new fish by the indiscriminate and wholesale destruction of the indigenous species, carried on for 30 years past, thus removing powerful enemies on the one hand, and on the other increasing the quantity of food, which formerly went to support vast shoals of native fish, but which will now furnish an abundant supply to our grilse and salmon. 13 RELATIVE FREQUENCY OF THE WINDS AT THE FOLLOWING STATIONS, LYING WITHIN A PARALLEL OF SOUTH LATITUDE ABOUT 10° 35’, By Francis Aszort, F.R.A.S., F.R.MLS. Read ata meeting of the Royal Society of Tasmania; 14th May, 1867. STATIONS, N. N.E. E. S.E. S. S.w.| W. | NW. —— ee ee ee ee ee Cape of Good Hope. Commis- mission appoint- 64 5 x 323 | 442 | 353 71 586 ed by oil i ment, 1865....... Hobart Town, ) from the last 9 | years’ Mean, : , - : See ; ie een from. the + 185°65 | 68°42 | 53°35 186 00 | 79°00 | 106°66) 88°55 | 338°90 25 years’ tables, | Observatory.....) Auckland, New ) Zealand, from fecords of the | 41 Principal Medi- j tal Officer, 1866. 1a 17 51 12 | 325-1) 6 68 In comparing méteorological returns lately received from the above stations with those of Hobart Town, a remarkable differénce is apparent iti the conduct of the various currents of the atmospheric air, and the anomaly becomes much increased in looking for an authority to confirm its correct- ness. The parallel of latitude, including the three places, lies between 32° 17’ 30" and 42° 52’ 13". In this high latitude neither Professor Dove nor L: F. Kaemtz give any testimony of value, their authority seldom reaching - further south than the Indian Ocean, or the region of the S.E. trade winds. In the Physical Atlas the belt comprising the above latitude is described as being situated in the N.W. currents of air; the author, how- éver, in quoting Kaemtz (page 55), says that it is admitted the number of observations is not sufficient to warrant the conclusion that the exception given is well founded. Lieutenant, now Captain, Maury gives but little credit to any but westerly winds in the Southern Ocean; they are repre- sented in his plate (8) by arrow-heads, and described by him as prevailing in high latitudes all along the South Seas, in a direction S.W. to N.W., inclined to W. It will appear on the face of the table that these authori- ties do not correspond with registered facts. At Auckland; the prevailing 14 currents are §.W., the next N.E. The N.W. and S.E. winds, which are by far the most frequent at Hobart Town, are considerably the least at Auckland. The E. and N.E. winds at the Cape of Good Hope are all but nil; at Auckland they are a maximum, and at Hobart Town a minimum. The S. and 8.E. winds at the Cape are greatly in excess of any other, and at Auckland they are recorded the least of any, being for many months without a single register. It is not possible to account for this conflicting statement of the course of winds in the Southern Ocean, as being occa- sioned wholly by Joca/ circumstances, which may, and doin a temporary manner, influence some of our surface currents, but not to the extent . apparent upon these records. It is, therefore, evident that a greatly extended series of observations must be made before the course of the winds of these Southern Latitudes can be definitely established. ie 15 METEOROLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ABSTRACT. - FOR THE SUMMER QUARTER, 1866-7. OBSERVATORY, Hopart Town. : : : Ss Mean in Shade. = ‘ Wind. Rain. | 2 a om oe 2) G2.) 33 aed o 3 a Mh ™ a Cn & g g eas ao Piha? & Months, |S 23, /' 8. . [S46] Sa sie! 33 HO S| ae teed Gah so “7° - Mis Sl ea ALES] Sia [ES ESel ee 4! ao Prevailing 3 Bs| s & Bl Roo o4 [esos aes| os 2 [%/23] 8 6 LHS! Qa | Rul eu | Sa a) Currents. & |O/E=| as PORNO |) BOnhs © Sola oe ik |sia 9] $ A mo o = 4 o| > = A = Inch : Ser Fi: . - Ib I I nehes. S. n.} In, Decem...| 29'915 | 60°87] 80 | 40 | 10503} 46‘94 | N.W. S.E. | 80°12 |10/3°59] 4°97 January | 29°869 | 63’02| 88 | 44 | 103°58| 49°40] N.W. S.E. | 58°77 | 8/1776] 5°06 February] 29812 | 62°73| 89 | 41 | tor’32| 49°07 | N.W. S.E. | 83°28] 4/0°53) 4°86 Mean..} 29°865 | 62°21 | 86 | 42 | 103°31| 48°47] N.W. S.E. | 74°06 |22| 5°88) 14°89 The Mean in all cases is taken from the sums of the three daily re- gisters, and not from the maximum and minimum. The direction of the wind is registered from currents moving at a height of 192 feet, and the force according to Lind’s Wind Guage. The suppo- sition, however, of an uniform velocity during the month is a very arbitrary one, and the results can be considered only approximately correct. The relations of the quantities of rain which fell under the different winds are registered each evening at sundowaz. Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting of a few standard Plants in the Royal Society's Gardens, for the Summer Quarter of 1866-7. December 12th.—Common Privet commencing to flower. od 15th.—First bunch of Red Currants ripe. a 20th.—First bunch of Black Currants ripe. mi 25th.—Melia azederach commencing to flower. ” 31st. —Doyenne d’ete Pear commencing to ripen. January 10th.—Veronica augustifolia in full flower: « 11th.—First ripe Apricot gathered (Royal). 53 18th.—Grevillea robusta in full flower. ty 18th.—First Jargonelle Pears gathered. te 25th.—Catalpa syringifolia in flower. bei 30th.—Black Mulberries commencing to ripen. February 1st.—Peaches commencing to ripen (George IV.) * 8th.—Kerry Pippin Apple commencing to ripen. s 11th.—Windsor Pear commencing to ripen. Fi 16th.—Bon Chretien Pear commencing to ripen. eee 16th.—Green Gage Plum commencing to ripen. ip 26th.—Ash commencing to shed seed. FRANCIS ABBOTT, 16 METEOROLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ABSTRACT. FOR THE AUTUMN QUARTER, 1867. OpsERVATORY, Hopart Town. Mean in Shade. 4 Wind. Rain. 3 = come 2 gas| as ey o O26 G “ YH bey 5 ¢ = = BAe eS -| Be Months.!2 £95 =. 48 cee eee a » | wted|.e S23 %q| | Soe ea ie Of| HO P ili 6 iA@isa8 a7 21 Bom ot |.BS Em|s8e D revalling 9 |/e0] £0 e £Es] Bs lds ‘eu |SH4| £9 Currents. S 7° ES 9 ¥ 3 5 pS lS Sig 0° 6/“'8| g ra a B 2) ea Inches. e e e ° e Q Ibs. 5 Uva ioe Gre March..| 30’012 | 60°65 | 87 | 4 | 104°60) 45°87| N.W: S.E. | 64°79 | 9)0°87| 4°96 April....| 30°065 | 57°39| 79 | 37 | 97'52| 42°28} N.W: S.E. | 32°76 | 8)0°78) 2:ar May....| 30°155 | 52°66| 71 | 36 | 84°45] 43°68} N.W. S.E. | 1872 |t2/2'03/ 1°20 Mean..| 30°'077 56°90 | 79 | 38 | 95’52| 43°94 | N.W. S.E. | 38°75 |29] 3°03] 8°37 The Mean in all cases is taken from the sums of the three daily re- gisters, and not from the maximum and minimum. The direction of the wind is registered from currents moving at a height of 192 feet; and the force according to Lind’s Wind Guage. The suppo- sition, however, of an uniform velocity during the month is a very arbitrary one, and thé results can be considered only approximately correct. ‘The relations of the quantities of rain which fell under the different winds, are registered each evening at sundown. Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting of a few standard Plants in the Royal Society's Gardens for the Autumn Quarter of 1867. March 9th.—Tip of Hornbean commencing to turn yellow. 10th.—Colchicum Autumnale in full flower. 12th.—Coes’ Golden Drop Plum commencing to ripen. 14th.—Seckle Pear commencittg to ripen. 15th.—Tips of Elm turning yellow. 16th.—Horsechesnut leaves turning brown. » 20th.—Oak leaves commencing to fall. ; April 3rd.—Chinese Chrysanthemum commencing to flower. 4th.— Elm leaves commencing to fall. 9th.—Coes’ fine late Red Plum commencing to ripen. 18th.—Mountain Ash leaves commencing to fall. 25th.—Leaves of Black Mulberry commencing to fall. 30th.—Seeds of Carpinus betulus commencing to fall. May 10th.—First Medlar ripe. 17th.—Coronilla glauca commencing to flower. 25th.—Ailanthus glandulosa leaves all shed. 3, 80th.—Photinia scrrulata commencing to flower. 31st.—Spircea prunifclia commencing to flower: ROYAL SOCIETY. JUNE, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of Fellows was held on Tuesday, the ae June, His Excellency Colonel T. Gore Browne, President, in the cnalr. The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, lajd on the table the following returns :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 439. 2. Ditto to Botanic Gardens, 1,102. 3. Plants and seeds received at gardens.—From Mr. R. Henderson, Sydney, 1 case containing 22 plants. From Messrs. Grant and McMillan, Melbourne, 63 papers of flower seeds. 4, Plants, &c., sent from gardens.—To Mr. R. Henderson, 1 case cen- taining 20 plants, 32 chrysanthemums, and 30 papers seeds. 5. Tench supplied. Mr. G. Wilson, 10; Mr. Propsting, 6. 6. Time of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. 7. Books and periodicals received. 8. Presentations to Museum. Meteorological Returns. 1, Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq.—Table for May, with summary of observations. 2. Port Arthur, from J. Boyd, Esd—Table for April. 3. Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq.—Table for May. The Secretary read an analysis of the meteorological records, with a health report for May, by E. S. Hall, Esq. The presentations to the museum were as follows :— 1. From Mr. J. Kelly, an Indian spinning wheel. 2. From J. KE. Calder, Esq., specimens of the small fish (closely allied to the Pilchard) referred to at last meeting as being driven ashore in vast numbers at Barnes’ Bay. 3. From Mr. R. Aitkin a large number of bones of the Moa (Dinornis sp.) from Southland, New Zealand. In drawing attention to this valuable donation, the Secretary remarked that, although many of the bones were duplicates of those already in the Museum, he thought, from information he had received, it was very probable by furnishing the donor with a list of those we still required we should obtain many new ones. We might then in time hope to be enabled to build up an entire skeleton of this gigantic bird. 4. From Colonel Chesney, specimen of Native Bear, or Kaola (Phascolarctos cinereus), trom Victoria. 5. From Mr. S. H. Wintle, a collection of bones from a cave in the Glenorchy district, with a descriptive letter addressed to the Secretary, which was read to the meeting. With regard to the bones, Mr. Allport mentioned that he had carefully examined the whole collection (kindly submitted to him by Mr, Wintle), 18 and found them to consist of various portions of the skeletons of Brush Kangaroos and Vulpine Opossums. At the first glance Mr. Allport had concluded that some of the bones, from their size, belonged to Forester Kangaroos, but from subsequent comparisons with the skull and bones of recent specimens he was now convinced that they all belonged to the Brush Kangaroo (Halmaturus Bennettii), Without seeing the spot it was of course impossible to judge of the geological age of these bones, but, from Mr. Wintle’s description, Mr. Allport thought there could be little doubt that the cavern had, at some not very remote period, formed the residence of a native tiger (Thylacinus eynocephalus). Many of the bones still contained some trace of animal matter, and all exhibited the appear- © ance of having had the the flesh torn from them by beasts of prey—the skull and smaller bones being almost invariably broken, as though to clear out the brains, &c. That tigers were at one time to be found near Hobart Town there is little doubt, as he (Mr. Allport) once saw one within three nfiles of the city—close to the present site of the reservoir, on the Sandy Bay Rivulet. Whatever the age of these bones might be great credit was due to Mr. Wintle for perseveringly unearthing them, and it was an example which he (Mr. Allport) would like to see more generally followed, as by such means interesting fossils would sooner or later be certainly brought to light. 6. From Mr. Bolter—Governor Davey’s proclamation (pictorial) to the Aborigines of Tasmania. 7. From J. Barnard, Esq.—A small box turned from the wood of the Blue Gum (Eucalyptus globulus), showing in a striking manner the beauty of the grain of one of our most common woods. 8. From Mrs. McLean—A wax model (by Mrs. Jhonson) of an enormous pear, of the Uvedale St. Germain variety, grown at New Town. The pear from which this model was taken was also exhibited. It was the largest of four, grown on a single shoot from the stump of a large tree, which had been cut down to within about 24 feet of the ground. There were originally six pears on the same shoot, but two of them were removed to make room for the others. The weight of the present specimen when first cut was 51b. 90z.; of the four together 163lbs. Mr. M. Allport read the following extract from a letter from Professor Owen, relative to the collection of fossil bones from near Risdon, sent to him for examination some time since, and which formed the subject of a paper read by Mr. Allport at a meeting of the society in August last :— ‘* After careful inspection of these specimens I note impressions of leaves resembling those of a Fagus : Abies (?)3 casts of land snails, including a species of Helix. Fragments of bones, some teeth, and ungual phalanges of a small kind of Hypsiprymnus, with probably also Perameles and Phalangista. No. 3 ona slip of paper, under portions of travertine, in a paper tray contains no tooth ; nor can I determine in any part of the present collection the tooth of any animal other than those above noted. There are fragments of bone much decomposed, the nature of which is indeterminable.” Mr. Allport also exhibited a cast of the seed vessel of an extinct plant, which had lately been found in the quarry from which the fossils above referred to were procured. Colonel Chesney exhibited several products, both in the crude and refined state, obtained by the distillation of our shales and bituminous deposits. The illuminating power of the refined, as shown in a lamp, was apparently equal to that of kerosene. Colonel Chesney observed that for some time past he had been ‘engaged in experiments for the purpose of discovering the best mode of obtaining usefal products from these shales, 19 and his success was such that he had recently taken out a patent for his process. At present he had only brought the subject in a very cursory manner before the Fellows, but he hoped to enter fully into it at their next meeting as he thought it one of considerable importance to the future interests of Tasmania. - The Secretary directed attention to a donation of books received from the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, United States, comprising several very valuable and interesting publications. The thanks of the meeting were then given to the donors of presentations, especially to the Smithsonian Institution, Mr, Wintle, and Mr, Atikin, when the proceedings terminated. 20 JULY, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held at the Museum on Tuesday, the 9th July, His Excellency Colonel Gore Browne, Presi- dent, in the chair. The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, laid on the table the following returns for the past month :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 577. 2. Ditto to Gardens, 837. 3. Plants, &c., received at Gardens.—From A. Verschaffelt, Ghent, Belgium, 14 species of seeds. From Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, 6 plants. From Mr. R. Henderson, Sydney, 22 plants. From A. Verschaffelt, 92 plants, of which 42 were dead on arrival, and 20 Achimenes, of which about one third may recover. 4, Plants, &c., sent from Gardens.—To Botanic Gardens, Sydney, 40 plants. To Messrs. Grant and McMillan, Melbourne, 10 varieties of colonial seeds. 5. Plants supplied for the Decoration of Public Places.—To Campbell Town Church, 36 plants. To Colonel Chesney, for entrance to Domain, 37 plants. To Launceston Gardens, 2 plants. . Tench supplied, 12. . Time of leafing, flowering, &c., of a few standard plants in Gardens. . Presentations to Museum. 9. Periodicals received. Meteorological Returns. 1. Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq.—Table, &c., for June. 2. Port Arthur, from J. Boyd, Esq.—Table for May. 3. Swansea, from Dr. Story.—Tables for April and May. 4. Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq.—Table for June. The presentations to the Museum were as follows :— 1. From the Salmon Commissioners, a large male Trout, which had been reared from ova imported from England. This fish, which was found dead in the River Plenty, measured 19} inches in length, and weighed 33lbs. The cause of death was supposed to be injuries received in fighting with other male Trout—a common cireum- stance at the spawning season. 2. From H. Hull, Esq., two bones, and rings of trachea of Moa; a collec- tion of human bones, and three specimens of stalactites from sand- stone and limestone caves on the River Waiau, Southland, New Zealand. The Secretary observed that the human bones in this presentation were those of an adult and two children. They were quite recent, and were found on the surface of the floor of the cave, while the bones of the Moa were covered with soil, which had to be cleared away in order to expose them. 3. From the Australian Museum, Sydney, 30 species American fresh- water shells. Two casts of upper and lower jaws of Nototherium from Darling Downs, New South Wales. 4, From Mr. Coe, a young specimen of the Brush Bronze-wing Pigeon (Peristers elegans). : - on OD Se j 21 5. From Dr. Story, Swansea, Skin of wedge-tailed Eagle (Aguila fucosa). Ditto of White Hawk (Astur Nove Hollandie). Two ditto of Echidna. Two ditto of water Rat. Skeleton of Bird. Curious growth of Asparagus. Ditto of root of the She-oak Tree (Casuarina quadrivalvis). The growth of the she-oak consisted of a large mass of roots, about 4 os ze length, which was found growing between the bark and wood of the tree. Mr. Abbott, jun., thought that, by some chance, one of the roots had become turned up, and finding, perhaps, an injury in the bark, had been enabled to penetrate between the liber and alburnum; finding there abundance of moisture and support, it had shot forth the large mass of rootlets now before the meeting. 6. From Mr. T. Roblin, skeleton of Native Devil (Sarcophilus ursinus) mounted. This valuable specimen was prepared by Mr. Roblin before he was attached to the Museum as Curator. 7. From J. Davies, Esq., a fish of the family Zecde—probably the Southern analogue of the John Dory of Northern latitudes. It was caught by Mr. Brent, junr., with a line, at Austin’s Ferry. 8. From Mr. Schofield, a collection of shells from Wreck Reef. 9. From J. Dickenson, a 2 cent coin of United States of America. 10. From Mrs. Magrath, two coins, one of the French Republic, the other a farthing of Queen Victoria, and 13 polished pebbles from New Zealand. 11, From Mrs. Oldfield, a portion of the Mulberry tree which grew in the Tower of London, and under which were found, in the reign of Charles II, the bones supposed by some to be those of King Edward V. and his brother Richard Duke of York. The specimen is genuine, having been received by Mrs. Oldfield from her father, who was for forty years connected with the Tower as Keeper of the Crown Jewels. The following extract from a letter from Mr. Edwards, of San Francisco, was read, as some of the Fellows might feel inclined to put themselves in communication with the writer:—‘‘I wasthen, and still am, earnestly devoted to the study of entomology, but unfortunately, during my brief stay in Tasmania, I could procure but very few of the species of that district. I now write to you for the purpose of proposing an exchange. I will send shells, insects, crustacea, or anything else you may want from this part of the world, and wish to receive in return any colesptera, or lepidoptera from Tasmania. Can this be accomplished, or do you know any one in your island who would fall in with my views ?”’ Mr. Abbott read some ‘‘ Notes on the simultaneous disappearance of Jupiter’s four satellites,’ on the 22nd and 25th August. After the paper discussion ensued, chiefly in reference to the expeditions contemplated to our hemisphere, for the very important purpose of observ- ing the transits of Venus in 1874 and 1882, andso determining, amongst other matters, the exact distance of the sun from the earth, and other questions depending upon it. A vote of thanks was subsequently passed to the author of the paper, and the donors of presentations, when the meeting separated. 22 AUGUST, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held on Tuesday, the 13th August, F. Abbott, Esq., in the chair. The Secretary (Dr. Agnew) laid on the table the following returns :— a 2. 3. 8. 9. Visitors to Museum during July, 671. Ditto to Gardens ditto, 674. Plants, &c., received at Gardens—From Botanic Gardens, Sydney, 36 plants; 14 papers seeds, and 3 varieties cuttings. From J. R. Young, Esq., Sydney, 2 plants, and cuttings of Muscat Hambro Grape. From Dr. Mueller, Melbourne Botanic Gardens, 51 plants From Mr. R. Henderson, Sydney, 8 plants. : Plants, &c., sent from Gardens:—To Mr. Henderson, Sydney, 28 plants and 32 varieties of scions. To Botanic Gardens, Sydney, 49 plants. : ; . Plants supplied for decoration of public places:—To Wesleyan Chapel, New Town, 28 plants. To Franklin Square, 26 ditto. . Tench supplied, 24. . Times of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. Presentations to Museum. Periodicals received. Meteorological Returns. 1. Or HB OO bo for) Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq. Table for July, with summary of observations. . Port Arthur, from J. Boyd, Esq. Tables for June and July. . Swansea, from Dr. Story. Table for June. . Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq. Table for July. . Ross, from M. Duncanson, Esq, Tables for March, April, May, June, and July. . Abstract table from registers kept at the lighthouses and other stations in Tasmania, January to June, 1866. The following presentations to the Museum were Lrought under the notice of the meeting :— s 2. 3. 4, 5. From W. L. Crowther, Esq., skull of fish (Lophius sp.) From W. A. B. Gellibrand, Esq., recent specimens of Native Tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus), and Devil (Sarcophilus ursinus). [These specimens were not exhibited, but the Secretary explained that their skeletons were in process of preparation by the Curator. As it is intended in addition to the general museum to form a complete separate collection illustrative of the Fauna and Flora of Tasmania, the Council will feel much gratified by the assistance of such zealous contributors to the Museum as Mr. Gellibrand. A list of specimens which will be valuable to us will be forwarded to any one who may apply for it. | From Master E. Meaburn, per H. Bilton, Esq., specimen of Black- cheeked Falcon (Falco melanogenys), shot at Glenorchy. From Mr. J. Elliott, Southport, specimen of the Crested Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome). From Mr. G. Nichol, specimens of Arrogonite and Carbonate of Lime from Glenorchy. 20 6. From J. Allen, Esq., Adelaide, specimen of mineral Indiarubber, from South Australia. [This substance is found covering acres of ground about 80 or 90 miles south of Adelaide. | 7..From Lieut.-Colonel Dwyer, four copper coins (3 Russian and 1 German.) ; 8. From N. P. Allison, Esq., two specimens of young of Native Devil (Sarcophilus ursinus.) 9. From Mr. Roblin, skeletons of Native Cat (Dasywrus viverrinus), and Echidna setosa, prepared and mounted. 10. From J. Maclanachan, Esq., a Golden Pheasant. 11. From Mr. Hewitt, a letter from the late Sir R. Peel to the Bishop of Rochester, announcing the demise of George IV., 1830. The Secretary read a letter from Mr. E. D. Harrop, of Launceston, descriptive of a Diatom obtained from the N. W. Coast. Mr. Abbott was of opinion that as the Diatom in question was probably a new one, the proper course would be for Mr. Harrop to send a specimen to the Royal Microscopical Society of London, who would notice it in their journal if hitherto undescribed. The Secretary regretted to have to report that Colonel Chesney, owing to severe sickness in his family, was unable to lay before the meeting his observations on the shales and bituminous deposits of Tasmania, which were promised on a former occasion. He anticipated, however, being able to do so at our next meeting. Mr. Abbott read ‘‘ Notes on the remarkable storms which occurred on the coasts of Tasmania and the neighboring Continent, in March, 1866.” Discussion having taken place on the subject, the usual vote of thanks was passed, and the meeting separated. 24 THE SIMULTANEOUS DISAPPEARANCE OF JUPI- TER’S FOUR MOONS, WITH SOME NOTES UPON THE LAWS THAT GOVERN THEIR MOTIONS. By F. Asszort, F.R. A. 8. The four satellites, which accompany the planet Jupiter, are known to disappear when they enter into the planet’s shadow, causing eclipses much more frequent than, but in other respects quite analogous with those of the moon. Galileo, who first contemplated those phenomena, at once inferred that observa- tions of this kind might be rendered subservient to the promotion of geographical science. It only required that the course of these satellites should be reduced into tables of sufficient exactness to rectify a multitude of errors in the determination of longitude. The system, composed of Jupiter and his four satellites, is a world in itself that mirrors to us those rapid revolutions which are constantly taking place in the general system of the universe. The study, therefore, of the inequalities of these satellites becomes to astronomical knowledge of the utmost importance. Lhe three first satellites of Jupiter, as well as the planet itself, are subjected to the mutual action of two very remark- able laws, not less simple or constant than those of Kepler. There is a reciprocal dependence between their movements and their position, so that the place of two of them being known, that of the third is readily determined. All the satellites except the fourth are eclipsed at every revolution. Their orbits are ellipses slightly eccentric, they describe equal areas in equal times, and the cubes of their mean distances are in proportion to the square of their periodic times, the mean sideral revolution of the first is half the time of that of the second; the second half that of the third; the mean longitude of the first, minus three times that of the second, plus twice that of the third, is always equal to 180°. Or the angular velocity of the first, added to twice that of the third,is equal to three times the angular velocity of the second; itis not difficult therefore to prove that if from the mean longitude of the first, added to twice that of the third, there be subtracted three times the mean longitude of the second, the remainder will be a constant angle which is found to be 180°. So that when the first satellite is eclipsed, the other two will always be between Jupiter and the sun, and vice versd. 20 One consequence of this state of things is, that they can never be allthree eclipsed at the same time. Laplace discovered these laws, and demonstrated that they are necessary results from the mutual actions of the satellites, and that the same cause tends to perpetuate their operation. Delambre next made these theorems of Laplace the basis of his researches, and occupied several years in the composition of ecliptic tables founded upon them.—dArising out of these re- searches, it was found by most careful observations, that when the earth is in that part of her orbit which is nearest to Jupi- ter, the eclipses appear to happen 8m. 138s. sooner than the tables predicted ; and when in that part of her orbit which is the farthest from him, 8m. 13s. later than the tables predicted ; from the mean of 6,000 eclipses observed by Delambre, this disagreement between observation and calculation was satis- factorily settled at 8m. 13s. while both were considered equally correct. We learn therefore from the foregoing results, that by a law of nature the three first satellites of Jupiter can never become eclipsed all at the same time. The simultaneous disappearance, however, does not apply to eclipses properly so called, that is to say, the passage of the satellite through the cone of the planet’s shadow, but it may happen that all are either eclipsed, occulted, or projected on the body of the planet, in which cases they are equally invisible, except under peculiar circum- stances with good telescopes. Instances from observation of Jupiter being denuded of his satellites are recorded as follows:—The first by Mr. Molyneux, in his Optics, November 2nd (old style) 1681 ; by Sir William Herschel, May, 23rd, 1802 ; by Mr. Wallis, April 15th, 1826; by Mr. Griesback and Mr. Daws, Septem- ber 27th, 1843. The first three satellites (Io, Huropa, and Ganymede) move nearly in the plane of Jupiter’s equator, in orbits very nearly circular ; on this account they pass through the planet’s shadow, and are eclipsed every revolution, but the inclination of the fourth satellite (Callisto) is about 8°, and its eccentricity large, so that when this satellite is seen to pass across Jupiter’s body, or behind it, the apparent path is fre- quently very far from the centre. The Rev. Robert Main records one such transit when the satellite merely grazed the upper part of the disc. The announcement of the Astronomer Royal, to the Astro- nomical Society, of the approaching and rare phenomena of the concealment of Jupiter’s four satellites “on August 21st,” will occur to Hobart Town mean time as follows:—-On the - 26 22nd of August at 6h. 3m. a.m. the third satellite will enter on Jupiter’s face; at 6h. 58m. the second will be eclipsed ; 7h. 17m. the fourth will enter on Jupiter’s face; 7h. 53m. the first will enter Jupiter’s face. Times of reappearance respec- tively 9h. 38m., 10h. 2m., 10h. 12m., 11h. 48m. Jupiter will therefore be without satellites for one hour and three quar- ters. Professor Airy made this announcement at one of the Royal Astronomical Society’s meetings on acconnt of it being favor. able for observation at Greenwich Mean Time, but when re- duced to Hobart Time Mean Time the phenomenon is found to take place by daylight ; we have, however, a similar occur- rence with the exception of the fourth satellite on the 25th of August, which, if the sky be clear, will be advantageously situated for observation in Tasmania. The order of disappearance and reappearance of the satel- lites for H. T. M. T. will be as follows :— h.m. s. Third satellite will eclipse and disappear at.......... 7 29 12.4 p.m. Second ditto will occult and disappear at............... 8 16 First ditto will transit and immerse ..........00...00000+ 8 44 First ditto will immerse from tramSit at ...........0... ib ie Third ditto will occult and reappear at......... sseeeees ck ee Second ditto will occult and reappear at.........s00.seeee fi'7S With an inverting telescope the fourth satellite will appear to the west ot Jupiter, and moving eastward. Jupiter will rise on the 25th at 5h. 23m. p.m., and set on the 26th at 6h. 47m. a.m., at which time he will be in oppo- sition to the Sun. Observatory, 8th July, 1867. Z Seam NOTES ON THE REMARKABLE STORMS WHICH OCCURRED ON THE COASTS OF TASMANIA AND THE NEIGHBORING CONTINENT IN MARCH, 1866. By F. Assort, F.R.A.S., F.R.M.S. In the year 1838, Professor Loomes undertvok the investi- gation of a violent storm which swept over the United States of America about the 20th of December, 1836. This storm extended from the Gulf of Mexico to an unknown distance on the north. Professor Loomes shows that along a meridian line of at least 1,200 miles there was on the west side a very violent current, setting from a point 30° N. of W.; and on the east side, in close proximity, a current setting from a point 10° E. of 8. These two currents blew with creat violence for at least 48 hours, in a direction inclined to each other 130°. It will appear clear upon the face of the present records, as well as from other authority, previously referred to, that the general conduct of the various currents of atmospheric air in the Southern Ocean is more complex, and their normal character more difficult to determine than in the case of the storm referred to by Professor Loomes. From the 2nd to the 10th March, 1866, aseries of bad weather is recorded in the logs of H.M.S. Falcon and Curacoa,—the former sailing from Sydney, and the latter from Auckland, New Zealand, to Hobart Town,—reports of the same bad weather were received also from other vessels, and from some of the coast stations. It would be out of place here to particularize a number of casualties which occurred during the storm, this having been done at the time by the public press, the present object being more to trace out and ascertain the different directions and force of the wind, which prevailed, within a certain, area during the stormy weather. H.M. steam sloop Falcon, Commander G. H. Parkin, left Sydney for Hobart Town on the 2nd of March. with fine breezes from the north, which continued until the 4th, when about 3 a.m. it came on to blow very hard from 8.W. The gale continued until midnight on the 5th, with a very heavy breaking sea. The vessel during the gale shipped three or four seas. At noon on the 7th the wind went to the north, 28 and blew fresh until it suddenly veered round in a heavy squall at 4 am. on the 8th, blowing so hard that it was thought at one time even the close-reefed topsails would have to be taken in. On the 9th steam was got up, in order to get into harbor as soon as possible. The ship arrived at Hobart Town on the afternoon of the 10th. During the height of the gale on the 8th two of the men went overboard, and were | seen floating past the ship without there being the slightest possibility of saving them. H.M.S.S. Curacoa, Commodore Sir W. Wiseman, arrived in the river from Auckland, New Zealand, a few hours after the Falcon. Had variable winds until the 3rd of March; on the 4th a very strong gale came on from the N.E., which suddenly shifted to the S.W. and lasted fifty-six hours. On the 8th another very heavy gale came on from the 8.W. and lasted 26 hours, lat. 41° 23’ S., long. 152°15’ EH. During both gales the ship had to be hove-to. The cutter Victoria, lying at anchor between Arch Island and Three Hut Point, was struck by a heavy squall from the westward, on the night of the 7th of March, by which she lost her mast. The Ant left Port Albert at 3 p.m. on the 7th of March, and had light N. and N.E. winds to Cape Paterson: at midnight a fearful hurricane from the W.S.W. was experienced. Captain King hove the vessel to, and at 8 a.m. the gale increased in violence, the sea rising to an alarming height. Foresail and mainsail carried away. This gale was described by all on board to have been the worst they had ever experienced in these latitudes. At Melbourne, between 11 and 12 o’clock p.m. on the 7th March, the city was visited by a most severe gale of wind, mainly from the N., but with occasional squalls of great violence from every point of the compass in turn, driving before them clouds of dust, which rendered it dangerous to walk the streets. In Geelong many of the inhabitants sat up to see out the storm. In the western suburbs dilapidated buildings gave way to the force of the wind; roofs were lifted from their rafters and carried away, and several premises and many chimneys were blown down. The Derwent left Launceston at 4 p.m. on the 7th March, and Tamar Heads at 7 p.m., with light winds from N.W., and thick rainy weather; at 10 p.m. the wind began to freshen until midnight, when it blew a heavy gale, which continued with greater or less violence until noon on the 8th. During the continuance of the gale the steamer was hove to for several hours. i, Sitar , aN ie iB mit Sai! SOT IE ade Fs : ee witches ity SES, 2 2 ¢ “7 ? ? v a : fe ah ay fer omg MA og oP 140 145 150 _] SSE SESS eee ee Pow e | mvs tT RAL I A ‘ NEw| somo H WALES odevoney gy ny f ie : Mace © ADELAIDE ‘ ole é V : Q | tM | HORS A ‘oe pies Cana dl 4, 154 MELBOURKE pS QUEENSCLIFFQAD b Vi re anh 97. Portlan® i pel Port Albert lW0go Heals Groufy Hings ph. : E oes a ge Goose [9° bk, Swan LT. LAUNCESTON @ "CURACOA Co south Brunt 7 i W. C.Prguend, dd: | SS ————_————_—_—_————— _———— = SSS — ee ~~ SSS Eee 165 chi etaae At 35° Sea J ions 4 29 The following tabulated form will show the nature of the contending currents of air during this 26 hours’ storm. In Professor Loomes’ investigation of the storm of 1838, before referred to, he gives the direction of two opposed forces at an angle of 180° with each other ; setting from a point 30° N. of W., and on the E. side, in close proximity from a point 10° E. of 8. By the present recorded observations on the storm of March 7th and 8th, 1866, it appears that the gale commenced from N.N.W., and met a force from 8.S.W.—or as some registers have it S. or 8.8.H.—the opposing currents thus forming an an angle with each other very similar to that given for the American storm. Wind. 3 = March, 1866. 4 i=) 3 : a Current Force = In. H. M. ‘‘Falcon”...| a7 Sunset W.NW. 3to6 {29°93 be 8 Sunrise S. to S.W. 5 to 10 |29°16 H. M. ‘*Curacoa”| 07 Sunset N.W. by N. 6to8 |29°78 Be 8 Sunrise 8.S.W. 8 to 12 |29°36 Melbourne............ 7 Sunset N.N.W. 29°810 pee 8 Sunrise 8. Strong |30°116 King’s Island ...... cT Sunset N.E. to N.W. 29°67 4 8 Sunrise S.W. Strong. |29°87 Kent’s Group ...... dv Sunset N. 29°41 a 8 Sunrise 8. W, Very Strong | 29°80 South Bruni......... eT Sunset N. Strong |29°50 he 8 Sunrise 8. W. Strong [29°60 Queenscliff ......... < Sunset N.N.W. Fresh - 8 Sunrise 8. Heavy Cape Schanck ...... re Sunset N.N. W. Fresh * 8 Sunrise S. Cape Otway ......... é Sunset N.W. - 8 Sunrise S.W. Strong Portland 22........- a i Sunset N.E. 4 8 Sunrise S. Fresh MUGQNEY?: sascivctasees 7 Sunset N. Light = 8 Sunrise 8. Strong Adelaide .........0. 7 Sunset N. Fresh ™ 8 Sunrise S.E, Guichen Bay ...... 8 Sunrise ) Strong a. Close-reefed topsails and fore-staysail—steaming. 6. Barometer falling rapidly, sea increasing ; a heavy squall struck the ship. c. P.M.—Light winds and rain. At midnight a hurricane, 20°83lbs. to square foot. It blew with terrific force for six hours. sal be overcast and threatening. Wind increased to a hurricane by mid- night. e. At midnight a very high wind with thunder and lightning. f. The Coorong, s.s., sailed from Adelaide on the evening of the 7th, and arrived in Hobson’s Bay at 11h. 30m. p.m. on the 9th. Experienced strong S.E, and E, winds with heavy sea throughout the passage. 30 In discussing the earlier parts of the lighthouse tables I have unreservedly stated that there is in all the observed phenomena of storms in these latitudes a current and a counter current of the wind—one of them usually being Equatorial, and the other Polar ; but in the present instance, as in the American storm investigated by Professor Loomes, _ both currents were nearly Polar, no traces of so called Circular storms are observed. Such storms, in and near the tropics, as ‘well as Equatorial and Polar currents of wind, may be accounted for astronomically ; but better data, and more experience are required before any definite conclusion can be arrived at relative to cyclones within the area comprised in these registers. Opposite currents of the air are frequently observable in the different motions of the upper and lower strata of the clouds, in which case it requires only an increase of temperature in the lower partof the atmosphere to transpose the upper and the lower currents, frequently causing a deflection which may change the direction of both. The Rev. W. B. Clarke, in some remarks made upon a paper on Australian storms, by Mr. John Tebbutts, junr., read before a meeting of the Philosophical Society at New South Wales on the 7th September, 1864, quite agrees with the author that there are always two winds at work in all great derangements of the atmosphere in Australia. Mr. Clarke also in a paper read before the same Society, speaking of the hot winds, says that they frequently commence at Sydney from seaward at N.E., and end at 8.W. or S., clouds for hours preceding the change gathering inthe 8.W. by condensation of the vapor suspended by the N.W. wind through the contact with the S. wind. The hot N.E. wind is in reality the N.W. current deflected by the N.E. wind. This explanation assimilates very closely with the fact of the hot wind approaching Auckland, New Zealand, from seaward at E., which has been accounted for inthe’ 2o years’ tables. 3) OM oP}. pease in A paper Ihad the opportunity of reading before the. Society in May last,*.the facts of which were obtained from noteworthy records kept at the Cape of Good Hope, Hobart Town, and Auckland, New Zealand, will go far to shew that all previous authorities, although following each other pretty closely, appear in some cases to have had no personal knowledge of the records connected with these islands, and have required more and longer continued registers relative to them than those obtained from the Board of Trade, or from see Papers and Proceedings of Royal Society of Tasmania for May, 1867, page 13. ae te ee ol the observations of Captain Ross, which no doubt had refer- ence more especially to prevailing currents of oceanic winds in higher latitudes. | At Auckland the prevailing currents of wind are 8.W., the next N.K. The N.W. and 8.E. winds, which are by far the most frequent at Hobart Town, are considerably the least at Auckland. The EK. and N.E. winds at the Cape of Good Hope are all but nz/; at Auckland they are a maximum, and Hobart Town a minimum. The 8. and S.E. winds at the Cape of Good Hope are greatly in excess of any other; and at Auckland they are recorded the least of any, being for many months without a single register. It is stated by sea- faring men that hot-air currents are frequently fallen in with on the East Coast of New Zealand, from whichit is inferred that warm vapor may arise from the difference in the tem- perature of the water, in parts of the surrounding ocean, caused by volcanic action which is well known to. be actively going on in and near these islands. This may in some degree account for the frequency of the North East currents at Auckland, as compared with the other stations lying in or near the same parallel of latitude. It is now admitted, that next to the existence of matter, heat is the most important element in creation. Since the introduction into modern science of thermodynamics, by which heat is considered as a mode of motion, the measure of it, under any circumstances, is the first step from statics to dynamics, which now rank as the last and truest form of all science. No system of meteorology would therefore be com- plete without a reference to heat, and its power to alter the direction, force, and dimensions of all bodies. Mankind, although long engaged in the investigation of the subject,—and having all the appliances of modern science to aid them,—have not, as yet, been able to establish any general law, whereby those interested in the pursuit, and situated at different stations, are enabled either to foretell or confirm each other’s observations. The subject is one of great capability, and the local circumstances connected with it are so numerous, that long continued labour is required before the important question of general meteorology can be settled. It is therefore much to be desired that the owners, masters, or agents of ships, would furnish the Royal Society, or the Marine Board, with copies of their logs, which could be made available to persons engaged in the investigation of this very interesting and important subject. 32 METEOROLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ABSTRACT. FOR THE WINTER QUARTER, 1867. OssERVATORY, Hoxpart Town. P ‘ ; : 3 ; ; 3 Mean in Shade. 24 g 4 Wind. Rain. | 9 Faa| 3” Bs asa % or 2 gas ui vi ef mM . 3 =| b= Cal : a Months.|¢ $3. | 2. |3,./8.)54"| Ze vine | & IGlEEl Be AL ESS Sa Ea) Gd/485| ZO | Prevailing | 9 [Teo] go. o' LR o] Ban 1 Awl eu SSC Os Currents. S |o/E4! 8 E £55] 8° 2s|gs|a 4) 5: & [leg § S = nirio Z <5) G ee) = ee ~ | erm eee | ce a | es | ee ee ees | | ees Inches. g S a ° e g Ibs. In. | In. Jnne....! 30°032 | 48°32] 71 | 34] 95 | 285 | N.W. S.E. | 20°80 |11/2°53] 1°40 July ....| 29°788 | 49°01 | 67 | 34 | 93 | 27°5 | N.W. S.W. | 42°39 |14/1°33] 2°62 August..| 29°967 | 51°43] 72 | 32 | 103 | 28°5 N.W. S.E. | 77°29 |13/1’or] 2°98 Mean..| 29929 | 49°59| 70 |33°9| 97 | 28°16] N.W. S.E. | 46°82 /38/ 3°87] 7’00 The Mean in all cases is taken from the sums of the three daily registers, and not from the maximum and minimum. The direction of the wind is registered from currents moving at a height of 192 feet, and the force according to Lind’s Wind Gauge. The supposition, however, of an uniform velocity during the month is a very arbitrary one, and the results can be considered only approximately correct. The relations of the quantities of rain which fell under the different winds, are registered each evening at snndown. The twenty-five years’ standard tables are used for obtaining the difference from the average. Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting of a few standard Plants in the Royal Society’s Gardens for the Winter Quarter of 1867 :— June 6th.—Maclaura aurantiaca leaves commencing to fall. 8th.—First early Narcissus flower open. 13th. —Common Privet shedding its leaves. 15th.—Snow Flake commencing to flower. 5, 27th.—Pyrus Japonica commencing to flower. July 3rd.—Arbutus Unedo commencing to flower. 75 6th.—Garrya elliptica commencing to flower. », l0th.—White Mulberry commencing to break into leaf. 3» L1th.—Almond commencing to flower. », 24th.—Crocus commencing to flower. 3, olst.—White Hyacinth commmencing to flower. Aug. 2nd.—Sambucus Niger commencing to break. 6th.—Horsechestnut buds breaking into leaf. 10th.—Gooseberry bushes commencing to break. 3, 14th.—Elm commencing to flower. 3, 2ist.—Poplar commencing to break. ,, 2oth.—Apricots commencing to flower. Notr.—The Snow Flake flowered 11 days earlier this season than in 1866. The Sambucus Niger, the Horsechestnut, the Elm, and the Apricot were also a few days earlier ; but the Arbutus Unedo, and Garrya elliptica were a few days later. FRANCIS ABBOTT. 33 3? ROYAL SOCIETY. a SEPTEMBER, 1867. The usual monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held at the Museum on Tuesday, the 10th September, F. Abbott, Esq., in the chair. The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, laid on the table the following returns, &c., for the past month :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 810. 2. Ditto to Gardens, 1,333. 3. Plants, &c., received at Gardens.—From Mr. Marshall, Huon, 1 box containing Blandfordia nobilis. From Dr. Mueller, Melbourne Botanic Gardens, 8 species Ferns. 4, Plants, &c., sent from Gardens.—To Melbourne Botanic Gardens, 41 species seeds, 100 Elm and 200 Sycamore plants. To Dr. R. Schomburgh, Adelaide Botanic Gardens, 45 plants. To the Acclimatisation Society, Christchurch, New Zealand, 12 varieties of Conifer seeds. For decoration of St. George’s Church, Battery Point, 21 plants. For grounds at salmon ponds, New Norfolk, 36 plants, and 6 dozen mixed bulbs. For grounds of New Norfolk Asylum, 12 plants of Cupressus Lambertiana. 5. Time of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. 6. Books and periodicals received. 7. Presentations to Museum. Meteorological Returns. 1. Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq.—Table and summary of ober- vations for August. 2. Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq.—Table for August. The following presentations to the Museum were brought under the notice of the meeting :— 1. From W. Stokell, Esq., specimen of the common English snake (Natriz torquata). Lizard from Fern Tree Valley, Tasmania. A fish (name unknown) caught in the Derwent. 2. From J. Maclanachan, Esq., an English partridge (Perdix cinerea), and a red-tailed finch (Estrelda ruficauda) from Queensland. 3. From C. G. H. Lloyd, Esq., Queensland, per Major Lloyd, 7 pre- pared skins, viz., red-winged lory (Aprosmictus erythropterus), Cockatoo Parakeet (Nymphiscus Nove Hollandie), male and female. Banded Grass Finch (Poéphila cincta), male and female. Spotted- -sided Finch (Amadina Lathami). Grebe (Podiceps gularis). Warbling Grass Parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus). 4. From J. Allen, Esq., Adelaide. A larger specimen of the India- rubber-like substance referred to at last meeting. 5. From J. Cogle, Esq. Specimens of lava, sulphur, &c., from Lake Taupo, North Island, New Zealand. 6. From Colonel Chesney. Two Emu’s eggs from Victoria. . From Mr. F. Abbott, jun. A Spanish coin (silver), date 1728. ~I 34 8. From Mr. J. Ferguson, Tinder Box Bay. Shells of Janthinus and Spirula. Some drawings by Mr. Ferguson, illustrative of the inhabitants of these shells, were laid before the meeting, one of them (Spirula) representing such a peculiar condition of animal life that the Secretary intimated his intention of writing to Mr. Ferguson for further information on the subject. In reference to the specimen of Spirula and the figure of the animal said to have been attached to one of them by Mr. Ferguson, Mr. M. Allport called attention to the curious fact, that, although thousands of these shells were constantly found in many parts of the ocean there had . ‘been but one instance recorded of the discovery of the perfect animal; several fragments of the creature had been found, all tending (like the perfect specimen referred to) to prove that the shell was an internal, and not an external one as represented by Mr. Ferguson. The details of the drawing by Mr. Ferguson were so carefully executed that it would seem impossible he should make a mistake in so important a matter as the number of arms, yet in his representation there are but six, whereas the smallest number ever found in the cephalopods (to which division of the mollusca spirula belongs) is eight. Hither this must have been a much mutilated specimen, or the animal figured did not belong to the shell. The rarity of perfect specimens might be accounted for by the creatures inhabiting a deeper zone than the ordinary ocean squids so frequently washed on board vessels. In such a position the spirula would be eagerly sought by predaceous fish, and their shells whether perfect or in fragments would subsequently be voided in numbers. The Secretary brought under notice a letter from the Superintendent of the gardens asking that the question as to the employment of prison’ labor might be reconsidered, and stating that the work of the gardens was already getting in arrear for want of necessary assistance. Mr. Abbott thought that the prisoners might be kept toa great extent out of view of the public, and thus one objection to their employment might be removed. The Secretary observed that the Fellows were well aware that owing to the reduction of the, government grant the gardens could no longer be kept up in the same condition as heretofore. This was much to be regretted, as they had always been a local feature of great interest both to ourselves and visitors, and it was especially to be regretted at present when in a few months we might expect to see His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, and the many officers of the fleet which would ac- company him. He (the Secretary) had asked the Hon. the Colonial Treasurer if it was possible any increase could be made to the grant, but was informed that it was not in the power of the government to do more for us at_present. Indeed our anxiety for the welfare of the gardens had, as on many former occasions, been attended with serious injury to ourselves, as £50 had been taken from the small income of the Museum and added to that of the gardens. Even with this assistance, however, Mr. Abbott would be unable to bring up his arrears of work, and although prison labor when formerly offered by government had been refused by the Society, he (Mr. Abbott), pressed by the urgency of the case, had addressed the letter alluded to, to the council. The council was aware that the general meeting alone could take action in the matter, but in the meantime thought it well to bring it under the consideration of the present meeting. Mr. M. Allport had a decided objection to such labor. We should have to pay an overseer to look after it, and it would be much better to give the money to an efficient free laborer. it ae 35 Mr. Davies had also a very great objection to such labor in the gardens, still he thought we might try the experiment at least for two or three months. . Mr. Bilton thought under present circumstances it was a matter of necessity to employ these men, and, as Mr. Abbott suggested, they might be kept out of sight as much as possible. Mr. Justin Browne thought the question of prison labor was somewhat different now to what it was when discussed on a former occasion. ‘Then, as now, it was highly inexpedient that it should be made use of, but cir- cumstances had arisen which in a manner constrained us to keep the gardens in a creditable condition, he would therefore propose “That a special general meeting be called to reconsider the question.” Mr. Bilton seconded, and the motion was carried. Mr. Davies suggested, in case the prison labor was made use of, that the gardens might be closed till about 2 o’clock every day for a month or two. By this means a great deal of work could be quietly carried on without the public coming at all into contact with the prisoners. (‘This suggestion received the general approval of the meeting.) The usual vote of thanks to the donors of presentations having been passed, the meeting separated. 56 OCTOBER, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held on’ Tuesday, the 8th October, His Excellency Col. T. Gore Browne, President, in the chair. Dr. Agnew (Hon. Sec.) laid on the table the following returns for the past month :— 1. Visitors to Museum, 583. 2. Ditto to Gardens, 3174. 3. Seeds sent from Gardens. To T. C. Carey, Esq., Western Australia, 50 papers. 4. Seeds received at Gardens. From T. C. Carey, Esq., 6 papers. From Mr. Speight, Auckland, 4 papers. From Mr. E. Oldfield, 6 papers seeds, indigenous to Western Australia. 5. Time of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. 6. Books and periodicals received. 7. Presentations to Museum. Meteorological Returns. 1. Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq.—Table for September, with summary of observations. . Port Arthur, from J. Boyd, Esq.—Table for August. . Swansea, from Dr. Story.—Tables for July and August. . Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq.—Table for September. . Svdney, New South Wales, from G. R. Smalley, Esq., Government Astronomer.—Printed tables for June, July, and August. The presentations were as follows :— 1. From the Hon. R. Q. Kermode, Esq., a specimen of white Brush- Kangaroo, (an Albino variety of Halmaturus Bennettii), prepared and mounted. 2. From Mr. W. Stone, specimen of Wood and Foliage of a species of Athrotaxis from Macquarie Harbour. 3. From Captain Fenton, recent specimen of Native Devil (Sarcophilus ursiNUs. ) 4. From M. Allport, Esq., specimen of Native Rat, (Mus fuscipes.) The Secretary regretted to inform the meeting that in consequence of continual illness in the family of Col. Chesney, that gentleman had been unable to complete his paper on the products of the Bituminous Shales of the Colony, which was to have been read this evening. The usual vote of thanks to the donors of presentations having been passed, the meeting separated. - Cr wR © bO + 28 ee ‘ 37 NOVEMBER, 1867. The monthly evening meeting of the Fellows was held on Tuesday, the 12th November, J. Barnard, Esq., in the chair. Captain W. Crosby, who had been previously nominated by the Council, was after a ballot declared to be duly elected a Fellow of the Society. The Secretary, Dr. Agnew, laid on the table the usual monthly returns, viz.:— ~- 1. Visitors to Museum during October, 664. 2. Ditto to Gardens ditto, 2119. 3. Plants, &c., received at Gardens.—From Mr. C. Creswell, 63 papers of seeds of annual and herbaceous plants, most of which are new to the Gardens. From Messrs. Taylor and Sangster, Melbourne, 15 plants, six varieties of Rose cuttings. 4. Seeds sent from Gardens to Acclimatisation Society, Otago, New Zealand—50 papers of seeds. . Time of leafing, flowering, and fruiting of a few standard plants in Botanic Gardens. ; 6. Periodicals received. 7. Presentations to Museum. Meteorological Returns. 1. Hobart Town, from F. Abbott, Esq.—Table and summary of obser- vations for October. 2. Port Arthur, from J. Boyd, Esq.—Table for September. 3. Westbury, from F. Belstead, Esq.—Table for October. 4, Sydney, New South Wales, from G. R. Smalley, Esq., Government Astronomer.—Printed tables for June, July, August, and Septem- ber, 1867. A letter was read from the Secretary of the Queenborough Horticultural Improvement Association, acknowledging with thanks the receipt of the meteorological records and abstracts published by the Society. A communication from Mr. Denny, A.L.S., (Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society) was read, asking for parasites from our indigenous animals, especially from the Native Tiger, Devil, Bandicoot, Kangaroo and Wallaby, Platypus, Echidna, &c.; also skeletons of any of the above. If any of the Fellows or other friends in country districts could send such specimens as are required, the Secretary intimated that they would. be gladly accepted, and forwarded to Mr. Denny by the first opportunity. Or The presentations to the Museum were as follows :— 1. From Mr. Aitken, Southland, New Zealand, portions of upper and lower mandibles, and joint of toe of Moa (Dinornis sp.), human lower jaw, and frontal bone showing two tomahawk cuts, two fossil shells (casts), specimen of fossil wood, two masses of fossil shells, and eight other geological specimens. 2. From Mr. Duncan Chisholm. Specimen of the Channel-bill (Scythrops Nove Hollandie, Lath.), shot at Clarence Plains, Tas- mania, by Mr. D. Josephs. This is a very interesting specimen, being the first which has been pro- cured in Tasmania. According’ to Gould the Scythrops belongs to the Cuculide (Cuckoos), and is a migratory bird of New South Wales, which is the only colony in which it was seen by him. ‘This specimen was 38 robably blown across the Straits by some of the very high winds which ave of late been so prevalent. 3. From Mr. E. J. Hampton. A white fantailed Pigeon, prepared and mounted. 4. From Mr. Dickenson. Specimens of Agrotis vastator. ['These were obtained by Mr. Dickenson from the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, where, as in other parts of that colony, they occur in incredible number, inflicting damage of the most serious nature on the growing crops and grass lands. | 5. From Lieut. Col. Dwyer. A Russian officer's helmet from - Sebastopol. 6. From Mr. J. VY. Buckland. Queen Mary’s signet ring. 7. From Mr. E. D. Swan. A collection of nests and eggs of Tasmanian birds. Mr. Swan drew special attention to several points of interest in con- nection with the nests. The nest of the White-shafted Fantail (Rhipidura albiscapa), was peculiar for its shape,- which very nearly resembles that of a wine-glass. In addition to these the presentation included nests and eggs of the Wood Swallow, the Yellow-throated Honey-eater, the Flame-breasted Robin, &c. Mr. M. Allport brought for exhibition some living miscroscopic objects either identical with or closely allied to Volvox globator. Before placing them under the instrument, Mr. Allport remarked that his attention was first drawn to these specimens from the fact, that out of several small fish ponds one only contained the volvox, and in that pond the perch fry invariably grew more rapidly than in any of the others, leading to one of two conclusions—either that the minute fish feed upon the volvocines which are distributed through the water in countless myriads, or the volvecines supply food to a number of small insects or crustaceans, which in their turn go to feed the fish. As to the volvox itself, Mr. Allport observed that in the early days of microscopic research all minute moving specks in water were at once looked upon as low forms of animal life. Further investigation, however, soon showed that these minute organisms might be separated into two very distinct classes, viz., those which possessed stomachs, and could be seen to take food, and those which, even under the highest powers of the microscope, had no trace of a digestive cavity. As to the first class there was no doubt they belonged to the animal kingdom. As to the second class much difference of opinion long existed, but it is now generally believed that they are really vegetable cells, reproducing themselves by the ordinary process of gemmation or budding. Inthe lower forms of those organisms, which are undoubtedly animal, motion is effected by precisely the same means as in the volvox now exhibited, viz., by minute vibratory hair-like appendages covering the surface in vast numbers, and known technically as vibratile cilia. The second class of organisms mentioned may be subdivided into two great divisions, the first division possessing a calcareous or silicious skeleton, many forms of which will be well known to Fellows of the Society as the Diatoms so deservedly admired for their delicate lace-like markings, and so often used as test objects. The second division (known as Desmidiz) consisting of a gelatinous mass, but nevertheless symmetrical, and covered with markings as delicate and beautiful as those of the diatoms. To the last division, viz., the Desmidix, the Volvox belongs. Upon examination they will be found to present the appearance of delicate globes of some transparent and colourless substance, each globe entirely surrounded by a network of fine lines, the lines and knots being of a pale green colour. They are in vast numbers, of various sizes, and are per- 39 petually revolving and moving at different speeds across and about the field of the microscope. They wind round and round and over and under one another-in graceful circles, yet never seem to impede each. other, the action of the cilia appearing always to keep them slightly apart. Many of the specimens exhibited contain the germs of young volvocines sus- pended in the jelly-like interior. These germs are also spherical, of a deep green colour, and present the appearance of a mass of granules. The germs can be seen in all stages of their growth, from the merest rudiment to the young Volvox, about to burst from the parent sphere. The number of young contained in each differs considerably, varying from four to sixteen in many hundreds of specimens examined; by watching for some time the actual bursting of the parent Volvox, and the extrusion of the young—at once endowed with independent motion—may frequently be seen. In conclusion, Mr. Allport stated that he had frequently en- deavored to find some means of preserving the desmidize as permanent objects ; but the result fell so far short of the beauty of the fresh and living specimens, so as to remind him of the barbarous custom, so common in Tasmania, of cutting down our lovely fern trees, the growth of half a century, to decorate streets, churches, and ball-rooms, where they become monuments of faded wretchedness in the course of an hour. The special thanks of the meeting were accorded to Mr. Allport for his very interesting exhibition of microscopic objects, and the business termi- nated with the usual vote of thanks to the donors of presentations. 40 METEOROLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ABSTRACT, FOR THE SPRING QUARTER, 1867. OBSERVATORY, Hozpart Town. B RS Mean in Shade. | Extreme. |-7 3 Wind. Rain. 3 5 Mu one Se Ay ae 7): ave ” 433/38 2 on he & A+! $0 2 a ier Months.|}¢ 2% oe E E |euS] ao Bled] 28 ue V 9% CoM si|3B clo = uO es a alse 5B B)ESnml oa (ES Eslg92| 52 | Prevailing oS |Fl8s| go o' SHo| Ba |Rolec| OM] es Currents. S {o/EL| Bg ae ee Nee og o/s 4 Be | lS] gt? CR bel Sore AG) |g Z|?) Vv = ies Inches Q é @ ° @ a Ibs In.} In Sept. ..) 29°712 | 52°53] 72 | 33°} 85°92! 39'0 N.W, S.E. 38°50,12/5°24| 3°12 October.| 29°484 | 54°51} 79 | 33 | 96’94| 41°95] N.W. W. 106'95/19| 1°90] 5°40 Nov. ...| 29°687 | 58°51 | 82 | 40 | 10628) 4512 | N.W. W. 200°66|14| 2°14] 6°14 Mean..| 29627 | 55°18 |77°6| 37 | 96°38) 42°02 | N.W. W. 15'37/45 9°28] 14°66 The Mean in all cases is taken from the sums of the three daily registers, and not from the maximum and minimum. The direction of the wind is registered from currents moving at a height of 192 feet, and the force according to Lind’s Wind Guage. The supposition, however, of an uniform velocity during the month is a very arbitrary one, and the results can be considered only approximately correct. The relations of the quantities of rain which fell under the different winds are registered each evening at sundown. The twenty-five years’ standard tables are used for obtaining the difference from the average. Leafing, Floweriug, and Fruiting of a Few Standard Plants in the Royal Society's Gardens for the Spring Quarter of 1867 :— September 14th.—Ash commencing to flower. 16th.—Moutan Peony commencing to flower. 18th.—Vines commencing to break. 24th.—Oak commencing to break. 26th.—Pawlonia Imperialis commencing to flower. October _8th.—Carpinus betulus (Hornbeam) commencing to leaf. 15th.—Ailanthus glandulosus commencing to leat. 20th.—Tilia Europea (Lime) commencing to leaf. 22nd.—Morus Niger (Black Mulberry) commencing to leaf. 27th.—Maclaura aurantiaca (Osage Orange) commencing to leaf. a »5 —Ulmus campestris (Elm) commencing to shed seeds. 3lst.—Melia Azederach commencing to leaf. November 25th.—First ripe Strawberry gathered. —First ripe Cherry gathered. 30th. —Black Mulberry in full blossom. 5, —Bougainvillea spectabilis in full flower. Norz.—The whole of the above plants were a few days later this season than in 1866. FRANCIS ABBOTT. 99 9? 99 39 } iY 4] METEOROLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL ABSTRACT, FOR THE SUMMER QUARTER, 1867-8. OBSERVATORY, Hopnart Town. y 3 In Shade. z 3 Wind. Rain. | ¢ " °o 5 Mu ‘30 +2 n oe SS3d!la8 HS) o tai 0} wu th = B.0 ” : : 3 od =n 0 a sh Pe eyrciih ain a Months.|}2 £9 2 .ls.. | S4al og S|OUl/so OsO(SeHelaul|s slSuo] x6 *y: 6 |O|E2 n AL ESMSoa|ea Balas ats Prevailing © Ria ala a O' Skolt onl Kal M4] a6 Currents. GS. POpimeo reas 4H gor Eo |. Silo (isos 3h fy ai raerooil aaa a mo BN ey (sa be 3 = O18 6/2o 4 = g o Zit. Ove eA = s a = Inches = Syl oa 3 a Q Ibs In. | In Dec. ..) 29°619 | 60°20} 85 | 43 | 106°34] 47°05 | N.W. S.E. |119°16'13] 3°26] 7714 January.| 29918 | 59°69} 84 |} 45 |100°68) 48°87 | N.W. S.E. | 29‘r2}10] 2°54] 2°37 Feb. ...| 297958 | 62°34] 81 | 43 |113'00] 50°29| N.W. S.E. 40'04| 6] 1°27] 5°16 a |) OO | SS ee | ff Mean..| 29°831 | 60°74 |83°3] 43°7| 106°67| 48°73] N.W. S.E. 62°77145| 6°97| 14°67 The Mean in all cases is taken from the sums of the three daily registers; and not from the maximum and minimum. The direction of the wind is registered from currents moving at a height of 192 feet, and the force according to Lind’s Wind Guage. The supposition, however, of an uniform velocity during the month is a very arbitrary one, and the results can be considered only approximately correct. The relations of the quantities of rain which fell under the different winds are registered each evening at sundown. The twenty-five years’ standard tables are used for obtaining the difference from the average. Leafing, Flowering, and Fruiting of a few Standard Plants in the Royal Society's Gardens, for the Summer quarter, 1867-8. December 14th.—Common Privet commencing to ripen. 15th.—First bunch of Red Currants ripe. 18th. —First bunch of Black Currants ripe. 28th.—Melia azederach commencing to flower. 30th.—Doyenne d’Ete Pear commencing to ripen. dlst.—June-eating Apple commencing to ripen. January 15th.—Veronica augustifolia in full flower. 17th. —First ripe Apricot (Turkey) gathered. 20th.—Grevillea robusta in flower. 22nd.—First ripe Jargonelle Pear gathered. 3lst.—Catalpa syringefolia in flower. February 8th.—George IV. Peach commencing to ripen. J4th.—Kerry Pippin Apple commencing to ripen. 14th.—Windsor Pear commencing to ripen. 20th.—Bon Chretien Pear commencing to ripen. 21st.—Green Gage commencing to ripen. 20th.—Ash commencing to shed seed. Note.—Melia azederach, Veronica augustifolia, Apricot, Jargonelle Pear, Catalpa syringzefolia, Peach, Kerry Pippin, Windsor Pear, Bon Chretien Pear, Green Gage and Ash were a few days later this year than last. " NY ele Ca heb OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY: OF EAS MANTA, FOR THE- YEAR ego Meg ot On 9a 8 Meo ao Me, oF Me Pe, FE, PT Oy 07 85 0" ta ee o” Yao” ane” Meo? Soe UITASMANIA: PRINTED AT THE ‘‘MERCURY” STEAM PRESS OFFICE, HOBART TOWN, 1868, ‘ ROYAL SOCIETY OF TASMANIA. JBatron : HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN. {resident : HIS EXCELLENCY COLONEL T. GORE BROWNE, C.B., &c., &c. Vice-sresidents : Hon. T.D. CHAPMAN, Esq.,M.H.A. | Hon. R. OFFICER, Esq., M.H.A. Vin. ARCHDEACON DAVIES J. W. AGNEW, Ese, M.D cn fAlembers of Council : *Hon. R. OFFICER, Esq., M.H.A. M. ALLPORT, Esa. *H. J. BUCKLAND, Esq. ae We AGNEW, Esq., M.D. *T, STEPHENS, Esa. \F. ABBOTT, Ese *J. BARNARD, Esa. |Hon. T.D. CHAPMAN, Esq.,M.H.A. Vin. ARCHDEACON DAVIES IT. GIBLIN, Ese Hon. A. KENNERLEY, Esq., M.L.C. JUSTIN McC. BROWNE, Esq. Treasurer : Honorary Secretary. J. DUNN, Esa. | J. W. AGNEW, Esa., M.D. Auditors of Annual Accounts : H. COOK, Esa. | F. BUTLER, Ese. Auditors of Monthly Accounts : M. ALLPORT, Esa. | F. ABBOTT, Esa. Curator of fAuseum: MR. T. ROBLIN. *Members who retire next in rotation. Honorary shembers, HIS, EXCELLENCY SIR WM. T. DENISON, K.C.B., F.R.8., &c., England. HIS EXCELLENCY SIR GEORGE GREY, K.C.B., &c., Governor ° CHARLES JOSEPH LATROBE, Esa., England: SIR HENRY EDWARD FOX YOUNG, K.C.B., England. Corresponding Aiembers. W. H. ARCHER, Esa., Registrar-General, Melbourne, Victoria. JOHN JOSEPH BENNETT, Esa., F.R.S., British Museum, London., REV. W.-B. CLARKE, M.A., F.G.8S., &c., Sydney. JCHN GOULD, Esa., F.R.S., London. JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, Esa., M.D., R.N., F.R.S., &c., London. JOSEPH H. KAY, Captain R.N., F.R.S., Melbourne, Victoria. REV. R. L. KING, B.A., Sydney. J. MITCHELL, Esa., Sydney. FRED. MUELLER, Esea., M.D., Ph. D., F.L.S., Government Botanist, Melbourne, Victoria. JOHN PEET, Esa., Professor, Grant’s College, Bombay. FREDERICK PENNY, Esa., F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry in the Andersonian University, Glasgow. W. J. MACQUORN RANKIN, Esa., C.E., F.R.S.L. and E., &c. W. A. SANDFORD, Esa., Colonial Secretary, Western Australia. W. WILSON SAUNDERS, Esa., F.R.S., &c., London. ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, Esa., F.G.S., Government Geologist, Victoria. REV. CHARLES PLEYDELL N. WILTON, M.A., Newcastle, New South Wales. ADAM WHITE, Esa., F.L.S., &c., British Museum, London. E. 8. P. BEDFORD, Esa., F.R.C.S.L., Sydney, New South Wales. C. TOMLINSON, Esa., Lecturer on Physical Science, King’s College School, London. G. BENNETT, Ese., M.D., F.Z.8., Sydney, New South Wales. G. KREFFT, Ese., Curator of Museum, Sydney, New South Wales. PROFESSOR G. NEUMAYER, Munich. REV. JULIAN E. T. WOODS, F.L.S., F.G.S., F.R.G.8., &c., Penola, South Australia. Hist of Fellotus + Denotes Infe Membership. Abbott, Francis, F.R.A.S., F.R.M.S. Abbott, F., jun. Adams, G. P. Agnew, J. W., M.D. Allport, J less : Allport, Morton, F.L.S., Fr, Z. S.. Archer, William, F.L.S. ... Archer, William Allport, Mrs. M. Atherton, E. Bilton, H. Barnard, James Per va Barrett, Hugh S. ... whe wea +Barry, Sir R., Puisne Judge Bales, J. J. Bland, R. H. Boyd, James, Civil Geisinadint Brent, John . Browne, His Excellency Col. Tr: oe ©. Bs, &e. Butler, Henry Butler, R. W., Sas me aes Button, W. S. Butler, Francis... = one Butler, J. Bromby, Right Rev. ©. HL, Pes Bishop of Tener Bright, R. S., M.R.C.8.1. Buckland, H. J. Browne, Justin McC. Chapman, Hon, T, D., M.H.A. Cohen, Joseph ace ec Cook, Henry cas Cansdell, C. 8S. dts ‘aa na Clarke, J. M. ae Maa was Creswell, C. F.... Foe Cotton, Francis... aa sed Crawford, Lieut. “Colonel Hobart Town Cheshunt Brickendon Hobart Town be) Glenorchy Hobart Town bP) Melbourne Rokeby Melbourne Port Arthur Hobart Town Government House Hobart Town Launceston 99 Hobart Town Bagdad Hobart Town New Town 399 Hobart Town Swanport New Town iA ~~ Crisp, Samuel Cruttenden, Thomas Cox, Rev. F. H. Davies, Ven. Archdeacon Davies, John, M.H.A. uo. Dear, R. E. et Dobson, Hon. W. L., M.H.A. Dobson, H. is Dry, Hon. Sir R., M.L. Co. Dunn, J. A. D’Emden, H. J. Ewing, Rev. T. J., M.A. ... Edwards, J. Facy, Joseph Falconer, W. R., C.E. Fenton, Michael Fitzgerald, Robert Foster, John Ss Giblin, Thomas... oo ee nite Gleadow, J. W.... a xis Gould, C., F.G.S., Government Geologist Gorringe, Thomas ... Grant, James Guesdon, W. A. Greig, C. G. =f +Gunn, R. C., F.R.S., ELS. Graves, J. W. fn See She +Gellibrand, W. A. B. Giblin, W. R. Hall, E. Swarbreck Harris, Rev. R. D., M.A. Hawkes, W. K. Hinsby, Henry Hopkins, Henry Hunter, Henry Huston, G. F. Huybers, A. Henry, W. Hopkins, H., jun. ... Hobart Town Woodsden Hobart Town Hobart Town 99 Quamby Hobart Town 39 England Spring Bay Hobart Town 99 Fenton Forest Hobart Town 93 Hobart Town Launceston Hobart Town Green Ponds Tullochgorum Hobart Town 29 Launceston Hobart Town River Ouse Hobart Town Hobart Town 99 Franklin Village Hobart Town 99 New Norfolk Hobart Town 29 3? Irving, Professor ... ae te Ingle, J. Jackson, Adam Johnston, William Kemmiss, Henry Kennerley, Hon. Alfred, M. iv CO. Kermode, Hon. R. Q., M.L.C. Knight, W., jun. ... = sae Langdon, Hon. Captain W., R.N., M.L.C. Lewis, David, M.H.A. Lord, Simeon ee ae Lowes, Hon. T. Y., M. L. ©. ees Lord, James ‘ aa Be Lloyd, E. M., Lieut. R. E. Sate ae Maclanachan, James BP nus Hed MacNaughtan, Alexander McPherson, D., jun. Mather, J. B. Maxwell, C. M. ; +Milligan, Joseph, F.L.S. ‘Moore, J. A. Jes Meredith, Hon. C., M.H.A. Morrison, Askin ... ae aa Marsh, H. J. ae we McLean, Rev. R. ... ane cEC Mace, J.C. ... i%9 Bc Nicol, A. M. dav ae awa Napier, G. R. Officer, Hon. Robert, M.H.A., Speaker Parramore, T. Pillinger, J. és » Mertensiana »» pinsapo Acacia balsamea He Cunninghamil 5, cyclopsis 4 dictyocarpa » horrida » holosericea 5 podalyrezefolia Acer japonica » saccharinum Acmena elliptica Adelaster albivenis Aeschynanthus splendens Ageratum celestinum a leptoceras Allamanda nerifolia on Schotti Alocasia macrorrhiza variegata Aloe attenuata », cuspidata 5, verrucosa Amaranthus cruentus grandiflorus Anagallis Phillipsi Andromeda paniculata Anemone pulsatilla Anigozanthus rufus Anona cherimolia Arabis saxatilis Aralia japonica » Spinosa Araucaria intermedia #3 Ruleii Areca alba », monastachya Arenaria montana Arbutus Canariensis Argemone grandiflora Aristolochia grandiflora Arum variegatum Aspidista elatior Aubretia Greeca Aucuba japonica bicolor ve viva japonica Bambusa variegata Beckia plicata Begonia argentea splendens “5 Compte Alfred de Menge a Eukhantii s. Helena Udher he President Van de Heck Ke Rexii Berberis diversifolia _ Bignonia grandiflora Bocconia japonica Bossizea scolopendrium bi rhomboidea ~ Bougainvillza glabra magnifica 3 splendens Bouvardia Jacquinii Brachychiton Bedwillii Brachysema latifolia Browallia elata Brugmansia, bicolor Brunsvigia gigantea 4 multiflora Calamus Australis Caladium esculentum Callicarpa Americana Camassia esculenta Carica papaya Caryota urens Ceanothus Hartwegii laxiflorus Celosia pyramidalis variegata Centaurea gymnocarpa Cestrum diurnum Chameerops elegans He species from Natal Cinchona officinalis rubra i succirubra Cineraria argentea Citrus Australis (Bengal Citron) (Lisbon Lemon) Persian or Sweet Lemon Manilla Lime Mandarin Lime , Wentworth Naval Mandarin Citriobatus multiflorus Clarkia integripetala alba Clematis Fortunii Convolvulus Mauratanicus a scammonia Cordyline purpurea Cornus mascula Coronilla erecta Crinum riparium Cryptocarya glaucescens 33 9? - Cryptomeria elegans Cupania anacardioides Cuphea julensis Cupressus Cashmeriana. ss Hugelii . thugafolia — Cyclamen hederzfolium Cydonia japonica alba Cyperus antiquorum 3 esculentum Cytisus Adamii Cyrtanthus obliquus Dacrydium Maii Dammara Bedwillii Bs robusta Deutzia canescens a crenulata flora ploeno Diospyrus Kakii Diploglottis Cunninghamii Doryphora sassafras Draczena draco ferreea Dypoxylon zugum Echeveria secunda Echium monogynum Eranthemum lacteum Erythrina Bidwillii Erica baccans Escallonia variegata Eugenia Mitchellii x rosea Euonymus radicans variegata Ficus Jacksonii Fritillaria Persica Hakea multilineata » suaveolens » _ vittata Hamallia patens Hartigsia excelsa Hemionitis palmata Hibiscus albus grandiflorus -_ Humboldtii 4 roseus unicolor Hoya Paxtonii 55 we Obani > samuelii Tlex balearica », Cunninghamii Ipomopsis elegans Ixiolirion montana Juanulloe aurantiaca Juniperus Lycia Justicia flavicoma 70 Kalmia latifolia Kennedya Marrayattze Kentia gracilis Lachenalia erecta s patula Lapageria rosea Laurus Australis Lantana alba magna S Rose d’Amour Lilium auratum Libonia florabunda Linum trigynum Liriodendron tulipiferum Listera ovata Lonicera confusa 3 tatarica Macadamia ternifolia Magnolia acuminata na Fischeri pe fuscata ne Linné ss spectabilis Malpighia glabra Maranta aruniinacea Mathiola bicornis Mimulus pardinus Muschia Wallastonii Ozothamnus diosmeefolius Passiflora acerifolia - Buonepartea cs Decaisneana Loudonii ”» Phedranassa chloracea Phoenix reclinata Picea nobilis », Pindrow Pinusalba_ », Gerardii »» Lambertiana » mitis »» peuce Pisonia grandis Pleroma sanguinerva Podocarpus corrugata re Nubegiana Polygonatum latifolium Polygonum tinctorium 53 Sieboldii Polypogon imitans Prostanthera spinosa Protea mellifera Quercus alba “ prinos “ rugosa Rhodanthe maculata manglesii Rhus Typhina Rondeletia versicolor Rubus apiifolius Saccharum officinarum Sanvatalia procumbens Sciadopitys verticillata Sedum azureum Sloanea Australis Solandra grandifiora Solanum capsicastum variegatum Sophora japonica b. pendula Spheerolacea umbellata Spirzea confusa », filipendula » raponica Statice incana a pectinata Saryhan Sterculea quadrifida Tacsonia Van Volxzemii Taxus hibermica Tecoma fulva Telopea speciosissima Templetonia glauca Thea Bohea Thuja Californica » orientalis aurea variegata »» skinneri Thujaopsis dolabrata variegata Thujacides Tircyrtus hirta Tristania macrophylla Tristolandra grandiflora Viborgia florabunda Viscaria cardinalis ' Vitis sayernong alba » Sayernong nigra Zea japonica variegata. AZALEAS. Extranea Glory of Sunning Hill ROSES. Boomerang Charles Lefebvre Countesse La Broth David Pradel Damatelle Baccan Eugene Appert Leopold d’Orleans, 71 Lord Macaulay Madame Charles Wood a Domage Pierre Notting Prince Camille de Rohan Souvenir de la Reine d’ Angleterre T. 8: Mort. FUCHSIAS. Adele Olin Admirable Ambrosia Antagonest Anna Bolena Dr. Chaufton Duchesse of Lancaster Enoch Arden Ellen Father Ignatius Figaro Golden Plover Her Majesty Henderson King of the Doubles La Traviata Lucretia Borgia Lucy Mills Magnificent Miss Nightingale Murat . Puritain Princess Louise of Prussia Rhoderick Dhu Tricolor Urania PELARGONIUMS. Amy Hogg Auber Henderson Black Dwarf Bright Beauty Cameron Dandy Donald Beaton Indian Yellow Lady Darling Mirabeau Mons. Barry Mrs. Foster Orange Nosegay re Queen Prince of Wales Princess of Wales Princess Leichtenstein 3 Alice Rose Queen 12 Volcano ACHIMENES. Waltham Seedling Coccinea superba GLOXINEAS. Dazzle Ambrosia GLADIOLUS. Baron Pyke Barkeri Adonis Bicolor Multiflora Duc de Malakoff Clara Hortman Lesebelle Commerzienrath Lottermoser Raphael Frank Lowe Rambrant Marguerite Novelty F. ABBOTT, Jun., Superintendent. PRINTED AT THE ‘‘ MERCURY”? STEAM. PRESS OFFICE. F RESULTS OF / METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS MADE IN TASMANIA From \st January to 30th June, 1866. FOR THE PAPERS AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY. REDUCED AND PRINTED UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENCE OF F. ABBOTT, F.R.AS., Sc. Private Observatory, Hobart Town. 7 Se a . 2 7 : Sl vv HEIGHT ABOVE THE LOCALITY. SEA AND LATITUDE, ‘ feet. o Hobart Town} 37-42°52 King’s Island} 135-39°35 Kent’s Group} 280-39°29 * | Goose Island] 26-40-18 & | Swan Island | 104-40-44 tb < Swansea ....| 18- 2 | Port Arthur 55-439 = | Mt. Nelson . .[1191- South Bruni } 250-43°30 Tamar Heads} 25-41°3 Westbury ...] 700-41'31 Hobart Town King’s Island Kent’s Group Goose Island Swan Island Swansea .... Port Arthur Mt. Nelson... South Bruni Tamar Heads (Westbury ... 37-42°52 135-39°35 280-39°29 26-40°18 104-40°44 18- 55-43°9 1191- 250-43°30 25-41°3 700-41°31 FEBRUARY. 37-42°52 135-39°35 280-39'29 ( Hobart Town King’s Island Kent’s Group Goose Island Swan Island < Swansea .... Port Arthur Mt. Nelson.. South Bruni Tamar Heads (Westbury ... MARCH. OBSERVER. F, Abbott.... E. N. Spong C. C. Baudinet E. Richardson| T. Morgan... G. F. Story .. R. Henry .... F, Belstead .. F, Abbott.... E. N. Spong C.C Baudinet E. Richardson T. Morgan... G. F. Story .. J. Boyd ..... J. Duffey .... J. H. Scott .. R. Henry.... F. Belstead .. F. Abbott.... E. N. Spong C. C. Baudine T. Morgan... G. F. Story .. J. Boyd ..... J. Duffey .... J. H. Scott .. R. Henry.... F. Belstead .. 30°017 | -371 }| 73°08 | 50°03 |121°50) 60°25 30°12 - 66°50 | 54°50 - 61:18 29°91 - 73°00 | 54°00 - 63°00 E. Richardson} 29°80 - 67°50 | 58°00 - 63°00 30°12 - 70°00 | 58-00 ~ 63°18 29°87 “888 | 69°84 | 49-30 |120:00| 61°86 29°908 | °385 | 65°68 | 61:60 | 86°00} 60°80 29°90 - - - - 56°00 29°80 - | 65-00 | 51:00 - | 57:00 29°96 *477 | 66°94 | 52°51 - 63.29 30°112 | 411 | 68-90 | 47:16 |116:00| 59.80 ABSTRACT METEOROLOGICA TAKEN IN TASMANIA DURING THRE ATMOSPHERIC | TEMPERATURE OF AIR IN THE SHADE. PRESSURE. Mean | Mean EXTREM Fs. n | Mawi- Mauaxi-| Mini- . | Mon mum.| mum.\ "7 Monthly — — a Mean. Shade.| Shade.) S*™ Water Barometer| _ . Readings,| Elastic; Air and| Force Water, | Ff Va- pour. Highest| Lowest Maxi-| Mini- mum, mum. inches. | inches. 0 0 0) ) ) 29°856 | +372 | 74:42 | 50°25 |123'00| 62°13 | 87-00) 42:00 29°903 MEAN | 64:20 MEAN | 60°85 0! 29:99 - 69:00 | 57°50 - 61°31 | 75°00 | 52:06 29°64 - 81°50 | 56°50 - 64:00 {102°06 | 50:0/ 29°85 - 67:00 | 59:00 - 63°19 | 77:00) 52:00 | 29-96 - 72 00 | 58°50 - 64:00 | 80 00| 55:00 29:723 | +893 | 70°42 | 48°60 |125:00/ 62-24 | 93:00} 40:00 29 885 | +351 | 65:07 | 59°84 | 95°00) 60°50 | 75:00) 53:00 30:00 - - - - 57:19 - - 29°80 - 65:00 | 51°50 - 57°36 | 75°00)| 44:00 29°80 “481 | 69°90 | 54:00 - 63°91 | 80°00! 46:00 29:'989 74°51 | 48°32 |/130°00| 63-50 | 86°00) 36°00 MEAN | 61:76 Sums 76°50 | 57:00 |122-00| 65:19 | 87°00 | 49:00 | 30°03 - 71°50 | 58°50 - 65°59 | 76°00 | 55:00 § 29°70 - 78°50 | 58°00 - | 66:00 | 89:00 | 52 00 29°70 - | 67°50 | 61-00 - | 65°20 | 75:00 | 54:00 F 30°02 - | 73°00 | 61:50 - | 66:00 | 82:00 | 57:00 5 29'776 | -420 | 73°86 | 53°00 |125:00| 65-79 | 88:05 | 45°09 4 29°867 | -404 | 69°18 | 64:21 | 94:00} 63:80 | 79°00 | 56:00 30°00 - - - - | 69°00 = = 30°00 - | 65-00 | 52:00 - | 60-00 | 76:00 | 44:00 | 29°844 | *504 | 71°54 | 56:57 - | 64:45 | 84:00 | 50:00 29°911 76:86 | 51°50 |125-00)| 65:20 | 86-00 | 36:00 F L OBSERVATIONS SIX MONTHS ENDING JUNE, 1866. PREVAILING DIRECTION AND FORCE OF WIND IN POUNDS PER SQUARE FOOT. N.| Force.| N.E.| Force.| E. | Force.) S.E.| Force. 8S.) Force. |\S.W.| Force. | W. lb. lb. Ib. Ib. Ib. Ib. 9 -00| 3} +26] 6) 1:04] 32 | 15°60) 6 13°78} 11 1} -13| 6) ‘91)| 28)14:°95| 5] 1:30|19 17:94} 12 1°56] 21 |35°94| 16/1849] 4 | 23°96) 4 48°71 | 22 §} °78| 6 | 1:56} 29)10°14) 11 83:90] 2). 26) 12 | 7:54) 21 1 1:04] 17] 6:50} 23 | 23°92} 0) 00) 2 *78| 44 6] 3°38| 20 |20:02| 19} 7:02] 15 | 9:36) 9 15°60} 7 6 11 ] 4 i) 4 6) 3°12] 17 [10°67] 7) 2°08} 25 | 21°08 686] 12 | 10°15] 7 26) 1 *26| 2] °52| 17 | 5:14/27| 15°19] 9 | 19°21) 18 1:04] 3] +78] 9] 2°34] 22 | 5:°72|14| 13°80) 14 | 18°99) 22 1°30| 17 | 4:42] 6] 1°56} 8 | 2°08) 2) +52) 5} 1°82) 25 -78| 8 | 1:30) 2] :26] 7 | 1°82] 2| :26/ 16] 11997) 7 ) 1261 106 \77°1G \141)64:90 [= 96°89 | 21 33:06 5:20! 5 9:11) 18 40°35 7°02) 34 2°86 7 266'61 |196 4 1 2 3 1 9 12 10 21 0 3 40°62 |76) 47°09 © Le | = Como itwmowsd worm Qe 169 \113:'88|96| 61°08 |127 {166-49 |196) _ wre SBNIWOoOrFOUNNW RW a | © 5:20| 2| -52| 2] :26| 34 | 11-44] 4) 1:04] 3 78| 1 6 0:91| 7 | 1:56| 20138730] 8] 0:65] 9} 2-21] 23 | 11°31] 12 18] 7°55| 8 | 3:38] 18/12°23] 0 ‘00! 0| 00] 20 | 60-16) 21 hl5| 2-08| 9 | 2°34] 11] 4:42] 6 | 2:86] 0) 00) 5 | 2°34] 31 Fi] -296| 41 1:04| 7] 1:82| 25 | 24:70] 0} ‘00; 2 *52| 32) 6] 5-98| 19 [10:92] 15| 7:02| 18] 7:54] 5| 3°64) 10} 7:28] 2 a} +52) 20 | 6-24| 6] 1:82] 17 | 12°75] 4] 1°56) 9 | 10°41; 12 17 -26| 0 | -00] 1] ‘26] 20} 7:20/22} 7:30) 6 | 2-22) 14 5 15G| 8 | 2:08! 8| 2°08] 12] 2°84/23) 9°62] 11 | 15°60/ 14 11] 2.86] 18 | 4:68| 3] :78| 8 | 2°34] 0) -00) 8 | 364) 23 Bi] 3.90} 12 | 1°82] 4} °52] 1 -26| 1) +26} 7] 2:86] 10 9131-08107 |34-58| 9568-51|144 | 72:08 68) 25-63|104 |117-12|172 = i) 7'50| 9 49:23] 8 11°70) 32 3'64| 32 N.W.) Force. 1b. 15°60 “00 26 2:34 ‘78 6:97 3°58 15°62 15°87 1:30} 2°86] RAIN TOTAL |§3| ¥ “| 8 FORCE |Z | 8 TOR THEIQ S| & MONTH s3 5 ‘ ~4 sf § lb. inches. 75°42 4 12 64:90 6 | 2°30 268°26 2 | 3:06 46-02 8 | 2°05 77°74 4| ‘93 73°27 4] ‘49 62°74 7 | 1:08 87°48 3 32 87:17 7 | 1:62 49°16 2 “50 56°74 2 “08 f es 44 |12°55 | 41°86 | 4] ‘55 78°58 4 “40 133°05 5 oily / 26°78 0 “00 67:34 | 2] -:08 74:67 6 28 53°07 4 ‘57 64:58 | 3| :42 58:04 | 5 | 1-27 41°88 2 “47 18°74 2 | 1°57 653-59 | 37 | 5°78 ee 49°43 | 11 | 2°38 90-45 | 10 | 1°15 21661 5 | 1:86 4488 | 5 | 114 105°87 6 66 101°48 9 “89 3971 | 12 | 2°35 79°80 7 | 2°57 115°83 [| 11 | 3:92 43:68 | 5 | 1:08 14:56 | 11 | 1:93 812°30 | 92 |19°93 LOCALITY. ( Hobart Town King’s Island Kent’s Group Goose Island Swan Island Swansea .... Port Arthur Mt. Nelson... South Bruni Tamar Heads Westbury .-. APRIL King’s Island Kent’s Group Goose Island - | Swan Island 4 4 Swansea s | Port Arthur Mt. Nelson .. South Bruni Tamar Heads (Westbury ... f Hobart Town ( Hobart Town King’s Island Kent’s Group Goose Island Swan Island cs Z =) a) Mt. Nelson .. South Bruni Tamar Heads Ee Arthur eee ee ff eee Swansea .... HEIGHT ABOVE THE SEA AND LATITUDE. feet. o 37~-42°52 135-39°35 280-39°29 26-40°18: 104-40°44 18- 50-43'°9 1191- 250-43°30 25-41'°3 700-41°31 37-42°52 135-39°35 280-39°29 26-40°18 104-40°44 18- 55-43°9 1191- 250-43 30 25-41°3 700-41°31 37-42°52 135-39°35 280-59°29 26-40°18 104-40°44 18- 55-43'9 1191- 250-43°30 25-41'3 Westbury ...| 700-41°31 The mean max. and mean min. thermometer readings for Hobart Town, In connection with this Table there is recorded in the Papers and Proceedings of August, 1867, page 27, a remarkable storm which occurred in the month of March, 1866, the OBSERVER. F. Abbott .... E. N.Spong..- C.C. Baudinet E. Richardson R. Henry.... F. Belstead .. F. Abbott.... E. N.Spong.. C. C. Baudinet E. Richardson W. Walters .. G. F. Story .. J. Boyd ..... J. Duffey .... Ji. Scott 22 R. Henry.... F, Belstead .. F. Abbott.... E. N.Spong.. C.C. Baudinet E. Richardson W. Walters .. G. F. Story .. J. Boyd J. Duffey .... J. aEeScott, R. Henry.... F. Belstead .. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. Water Barometer or Readings,| Elasti Air and\ Force Water. |of Va pour. inches. | inches. 30°017 | °347 30°13 - 29 81 = 29°95 - 30°10 = 29°890 | °375 29881 | °359 30°00 - 30°00 - 29°968 | °436 30°167 | °404 29'932 | °342 29°99 - 29°70 - 29°89 - 30°00 - 29°782 | °354 29°778 | °357 29°80 - 29°90 - 29°86 “409 29°975 | °303 29°977 | *266 30°06 - 29°80 - 29°90 - 30°00 - 29°752 | °283 29°70 - 29°90 - 29°926 | °319 30°158 | *285 TEMPERATURE OF AIR IN THE SHADE. | rs | eres | ees eee | Mean Mini- mum. -| Shade. axi- mum.| Monthly = ean. Sun. - | 59°47 - | 62°00 - 60°00 - | 60°00 58°10 58°60 - | 54°30 - | 55°00 - | 59°81 116-00} 56°50 MEAN] 58°28 105:00 | 54°20 - 56°30 - 60:00 - 58°25 57°40 55°99 56°50 - 52°00 - 54°00 - 57°03 108-00 | 50°80 emanated MEAN! 55°68 93°00 | 48°83 ~ 51°37 ~ 53°00 - 50°00 52°35 50°74 = 46°00 = 49°34 50°40 46°50 MEAN| 49°85 91°00 were felt in greater or less degree at King’s Island, Kent’s Group, and South Bruni. An inspection of the Table will at once show the climate recorded during June, 1866, at each Station, and comparisons of the difference can be readily drawn. EXTREMES. Highest| Lowest Maxi- mum. Mini. mum. o 38°00 49:00 48°00 50°00 48°00 37°00 45°00 52°00 42-00 31-00 Sums}: 39°00 42°00 42°00 40°00 43°00 36°50 44°00 38°00 44 00 30°00 Sums 29°00 41°00 40°00 44°00 39°00 31°00 37°00 34:00 24:00 Sums Swansea, Port Arthur, Tamar the six months ending 4 mean of the highest , ; — i the Society for effects of which PREVAILING DIRECTION AND FORCE OF WIND IN POUNDS PER SQUARE FOOT. TOTAL ens | ag os S Force |-S| $3 >s = s‘s ~ fi FOR THE 3 iS 3 | MONTH. SS g | Force. |N.E.|Force. E.|Force.| S.E.| Force. | S.| Force. |S.W.| Force. | W.| Force. |N.W.) Force. 33 2 & x 14 | 8:07] 2| 1°04] 12 | 5°46] 10) 14°32 7 ; 7 | 1:56 |10| 14°95 | 18 | 35°61) 17] 24°18; 6 ‘Q1] 86°57 | 10 , 0 00 | 2| +26 | 16 | 31:25] 33/117°19| 5 | 5:99] 16439] 7 0°84 0 00! 5| °78| 9 | 7:80 34| 15°60} 10| 1:82] 35°36] 3 1°04 3} 1°04| 0 00 | 18 | 31°48} 38) 53°30; 1 26] 98:30] 4 | 2°18 g | 7:02| 5| 3°64] 19 | 39°05] 16} 4:42) 12 | 9:36] 74:15 9} 1°65 14 | 4°94 |11) 11°19 | 23 4| 3°64| 25| 7:80] 4828]13) 216 3 °78 {13} 3°38| 9 30) 51°21 5 | 1:06 6 | 1°30 \15| 24°74 | 19 15} 34°12 9| 259 5°98 | 0} -00;| 2 33] 51°8] 5 | 2°65 5| °78 oh SF km OO — (=) rs m4 0 (=p) jon) 259°98 235/370°57 — | — | ———— 89 | 31°73 |64| 60°24 |151 iSv) ie) 02 CO > sy) ae i ve) — — OrdriP CE 09 WH WD —) wa iN Or _ i) © i aed o> oO — tt me 3 09 SIO 0 WD v0 o> W Od [XS] oy) Ks) Or ee | cemmmme e | | ee ee | ee | ee | | ne | | | a | ee ee ee lo 2) (Jv) —_ ts oO ive} oO op) (o5) —_ Oo _— vw iW) — > Or Sate 500} A} °00), 1 00 | 1] 5:21} 8 | 12:24] 15} 29°40! 51 | 23°61] 78°84] 12) 1°86 9 | 2-77|13| 6-50| 3 | 1:04] 6| 1°69| 14 | 41°91} 26} 93:93) 17 57°54] 216°32 | 22 | 4°30 16 | 4-68| 6 130] 6 | 1:82] 4| 312] 1] 5-21} 44/290°30) 9 12°23] 322°04]13 | 2°97 12 | 4:16) 7| 2°08; 1 -96/| 9| 1:82] 11 | 15°34| 35] 43°18] 9 | 5°72] 76:98]12| 1°81 8 | 8-261 1} -26| 9 | 3:38] 8} 2°08| 23 | 49°84} 34] 69°06; 4 1°82] 135°48 | 15 | 2°16 7 | 2°34] 2} °52) 2 52 | 8| 29°16| 18 | 69°01| 23) 28°13] 17 | 4426] 181-75] 8 0 00; 3} °78} O 00 | 1 -96| 12 | 9°25] 18] 12°13] 52 | 26:29] 49°75] 8 | 1°70 0; :00} 0} ‘00; O -00 113'104:20| 8 | 32°55} 27] 56°75} 26 | 16-40] 216°66 ] 10 | 3°05 4|8-06| 3| -78/18 | 4:68] 2| 52] 5 | 1°82) 38|133-04| 14 | 18°74 167°64 |} 10 | 2°75 1 00! 1| 00! 9 | 1:04] 7} 1:04| 10 | 1°82} 8) 22°65/ 37 1560} 49°96 ]13| 4°71 i ee ee eS ee en ee Lay 30°27 |37|12°22| 49 | 12°74 59 149 10/110 |238°99 |268/578°57 |236 |227'21]1495-42 123 | 26°15 _ Heads, and Westbury, are taken from the sums of each column, and for the remaining Stations from the _ and lowest registered. | _. On previous occasions these Tables have been discussed for the purpose of ascertaining the difference of climate at each Station with regard to horticultural and other purposes ; but the main object contemplated | is the investigation of the general and local currents of atmospheric air as affecting the maritime position | ofthe Stations. This object, in connection with the present Table, will be found by referring to the above- | Mamed Proceedings of the Society. a z = Wer . 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