98*29 llrabd 996 Montana bird distribution P. D. Skaar ¥ Montana Bird Distribution Fifth Edition March, 1996 Montana Natural Heritage Program Special Publication No. 3 MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 3 0864 0009 9240 7 This publication is a cooperative effort of the following organizations: Montana Audubon Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (Including support by the Wildlife Tax Checkoff Fund) Montana Natural Heritage Program Copies of this publication are $8.00 and can be obtained from Montana Audubon and most local Audubon chapters; Regional Offices of Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks; and select bookstores in Montana. Mail orders please add $2.00 for shipping: Montana Audubon P.O. Box 595 Helena, MT 59624 This document should be cited as follows: Montana Bird Distribution Committee. 1996. P.D. Skaar's Montana Bird Distribution, Fifth Edition. Special Publication No. 3. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena. 130 pp. Cover drawing of Boreal Owl by Jerry Kustich © 1996 © 1996 Montana Natural Heritage Program JAn u P.D. Skaar's Montana Bird Distribution Fifth Edition Revised by the Montana Bird Distribution Committee: Janet Ellis Cedron Jones David Center Jim Reichel Betsy Spettigue Daniel Sullivan MONTANA STAie LlBRAh 1535 East 6th Avenue Cao No. 201800 Helena, m 59620-1800 Special Publication No. 3 Montana Natural Heritage Program 1996 Dedication This book is dedicated to Montana's volunteer birdwatchers, whose passion for birding and careful record keeping allow us to better understand our bird populations. Your efforts are greatly appreciated! Volunteer birdwatchers are used extensively for collecting bird records because of their skill and the enormity of the task at hand: the number of bird species, the variety of habitats birds occupy, and the different times of year that birds use our state. Individual birdwatchers who collect and report their records contribute an important piece of the information needed to monitor the health and welfare of Montana's birds. « This book would not be possible without the thousands of records submitted by volunteer birdwatchers. These individuals see the beauty, grace, and diversity of birds, yet also understand that the conservation of our bird populations and the environment on which they depend requires awareness and knowledge. /■ Table of Contents Acknowledgments About This Book 1 New Bird Information in this Edition 1 Taxonomic Changes and Subspecies 1 A History oiP.D. Skaar's Montana Bird Distribution 2 An Introduction to Montana 3 About the Montana Bird Distribution Database 3 Mapping with Latilongs and Quarter Latilongs 4 A Summary of Bird Record Information by Latilong 5 How to Read the Maps 6 Bird Status and Number of Reported Sightings 6 Symbols on Distribution Maps 7 Winter Distribution Maps 8 Subspecies Maps 8 Submission of New Records 9 Information Required of All Sightings 9 Rare Birds 10 Sensitive Species 10 Subspecies Reports 11 When and Where to Submit Records 11 Legend 12 Bird Distribution Maps 13 - 117 Appendix A. Threatened, Endangered and Sensitive Species (TES) and Species Requiring Supplemental Information (SI) 119 Appendix B. Species for Which Subspecies Information is Needed 120 Appendix C. Extinct Species 121 Appendix D. Introduced Species in Montana 121 Appendix E. Montana Neotropical Migratory Species 121 Appendix F. Hypothetical Species 123 Appendix G. List of Contributors 124 Appendix H. Rare Bird Report Form 125 Appendix I. Quarter Latilong Report Form 126 Bibliography 127 Index 128 Notes 130 Acknowledgments We are most grateful to the dozens of contributors who submitted thousands of recent records to make this edition possible (see Appendix G). Other major sources of information include the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Breeding Bird Survey and databases of the Montana Natural Heritage Program. The Montana Bird Distribution Committee was responsible for the production and fundraising for the Fifth Edition of Montana Bird Distribution. Members include Janet Ellis, David Center, Cedron Jones, Jim Reichel, Betsy Spettigue and Dan Sullivan. Martin Miller was employed to compile data and assist in production. Special thanks to this committee for their long hours and dedicated efforts in writing, revising, troubleshooting, and getting things (finally) to the printer! The Montana Bird Records Committee reviewed rare bird sightings and provided advice and comment on a number of issues for the Fifth Edition. The Records Committee is comprised of Chuck Carlson (Chair, Fort Peck), Helen Carlson (Billings), Dan Casey (Kalispell), Dr. Bob Eng (Bozeman), Bebe FitzGerald (Billings), Harriet Marble (Chester), Terry McEneaney (Gardiner), Fritz Prell witz (Malta), and Dr. Phil Wright (Missoula). We thank them for their continuing efforts and dedication to a better understanding of Montana birds. We thank the Natural Resource Information System and the Montana State Library for staff time and computers. Dan Sullivan obtained and compiled the data from the Breeding Bird Surveys. Editorial advice was provided by Dan Casey, Christian Frazza, George Holton, Sue Jackson, Cary Lund, and Dorothy Poulsen. Several other individuals provided helpful suggestions and advice in planning and review of the project. We thank them all. Financial support for the project came with the cooperation of the following individuals and organizations: Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (Betsy Spettigue, Dennis Flath, Tim Gallagher and Heidi Youmans), Bureau of Land Management (Dan Hinkley), Bureau of Reclamation (Rick Blaskovich and Jerry Jacobs), Glacier National Park (Steve Frye), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (Kemper McMaster), U.S. Forest Service (Bill Ruediger), WESTECH (Dean Culwell and Pat Farmer), Golden Sunlight Mine (Bill Seybert), Montana State Parks & Wildlife Interpretive Association; Montana Nature Conservancy, and Montana Audubon. Seven artists contributed their meticulous drawings to this book. They deserve special recognition. Their time and talent have significantly improved the book's appearance. Cover: Boreal Owl by Jerry Kustich. PamBond: Common Loon, p. 12; Canvasback, p. 24; Sandpiper species, p. 123. JimClayborn: American Dipper, p. 82; Yellow-rumpedWarbler, p. 93. Marsha Davis: Great Horned Owl, p. 58; Pileated Woodpeckers, p. 68; Bam Swallow, p. 75. Ron Jenkins: Calliope Hummingbird, Dedication Page; Rufous Hummingbird, p. 64; Black-capped Chickadee, p. 78; Western Meadowlark, p. 130. Jerry Kustich: Marsh Wren, p. 11; American Kestrel, p. 32; Spotted Sandpiper, p. 42; CalifomiaGull, p. 51; HomedLark, p. 73; Townsend's Solitaire, p. 84; Northern Shrike, p. 88; Western Tanager, p. 100; American Tree Sparrow, p. 103; Song Sparrow, p. 107; Bullock's Oriole, p. 1 13; American Goldfinch, p. 1 17; Pygmy Owl, p. 1 18. Larry Thompson: Trumpeter Swan, p. 19; Sharp-tailed Grouse, p. 36. James Utsler: Common Raven, Title Page. About This Book This book summarizes information on where birds are found in Montana. It lists every species observed in the state, and presents maps for each bird that show breeding, migration and wintering areas. Birders in Montana have recorded 394 species in the state, of which 99 species are considered rare (fewer than 20 documented sightings for the state). There are 248 species that are confirmed breeders in the state. The total number of overwintering species is 151. An additional 1 8 species are of hypothetical occurrence (see Appendix F), including several species that are expanding their ranges and may make their way into future editions of this book. This edition of Montana Bird Distribution follows the same basic format used in the Fourth Edition, with two exceptions. First, where adequate information was available, maps have been provided for monitored subspecies (see Appendix B). These maps illustrate how little is currently known about subspecies distribution. Second, the number of sightings reported during the last five years (1991 - 1995) appears for each bird species. This information is included to encourage birdwatchers to report their observations of all species. New Bird Information in this Edition Seven bird species are new to the Fifth Edition of Montana Bird Distribution : Arctic Tern, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Bewick's Wren, Golden-winged War- bler, Prothonotary Warbler, and Painted Redstart. The records for these species have been reviewed and accepted by the Montana Bird Records Committee, Three new breeding records appear in this book: the Barn Owl was found nesting in quarter latilong (QLL) 25D, the Northern Hawk-Owl in QLL 2B, and the Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow in QLL 12B. Three new overwintering records were also added: Sandhill Crane (QLL 28D), Brown-headed Cowbird (QLL 2D), and Brambling (QLL 2D). Taxonomic Changes and Subspecies Several taxonomic changes appear in this edition. Most notably, several species were split, elevating subspecies to the species level. The Rosy Finch officially became three species, two occurring in Montana: Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch and Black Rosy-Finch. The Rufous-sided Towhee became two species, one occurring in Montana: Spotted Towhee. And the Sharp-tailed Sparrow became two species, one occurring in Montana: Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow. One species, the Northern Oriole, also became three species, two occurring in Montana: the Bullock's Oriole and the Baltimore Oriole. Because this change only recently happened, and there is no quick way to separate historic records of these two species, this book contains three 1 maps: a map of the Northern Oriole, a bird which no longer exists; and maps containing the current records we have for both the Bullock's Oriole and Baltimore Oriole. Future editions of this book will only contain maps for the Bullock's and Baltimore Orioles. All species names and taxonomic revisions follow the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) Check-list of North American Birds, Sixth Edition (AOU, 1983, as amended by the 35th through 40th supplements (AOU, 1985; 1987; 1989; 1991; 1993; 1995)). Because future taxonomic changes are inevitable, the Montana Bird Records Committee has identified five species where data collection for subspecies distribution is requested. The five species and their 13 subspecies are identified in Appendix B. A History oiPJ). Skaar^s Montana Bird Distribution -*asri»*>- ■••■■m Dr. Palmer David Skaar No one person did more to further the study of Montana birds than Dr. Palmer David Skaar (1923-1983). Dr. Skaar came to Montana in 1957 to join the faculty of Montana State College (now Montana State University) as a microbial geneti- cist. Accomplished in his academic field, he was also known for his interest in birds. His involvement in the study of Montana bird distribution earned him great respect throughout the state. His enthusiasm was contagious, and his patience and modesty were exemplary. Dr. Skaar pioneered the "latilong" concept in animal distribution studies. His definitive Birds of the Bozeman Latilong, published in 1969, was a model regional bird ac- count. In 1975, he published the First Edition of A/o/irfl/ifl5/r J Distribution. The impact of this book was tremendous. It motivated volunteers and professionals across the state, and resulted in careful ornithological scrutiny of vast areas of Montana that had never before been studied. Since the publication of the First Edition oi Montana Bird Distribution, several other states and classes of animals have been mapped using the latilong system. The annual Breeding Bird Surveys sponsored by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service also use this system. Dr. Skaar published the Second Edition oi Montana Bird Distribution in 1980. The Third Edition was published in 1985 by Don Skaar (Dr. Skaar's son), Dennis Flath, and the late Larry Thompson (Skaar et al. 1985). The Fourth Edition oi Montana Bird Distribution appeared in March, 1992 (Bergeron et al. 1992) with two innovations. First, it introduced mapping quarter latilongs to better define species distribution. Second, and more significantly, the maps in the Fourth Edition were generated from a computerized database of bird distribution records (see About the Bird Distribution Database on page 3). 2 P.O. Skaar's Montana Bird Distribution is revised and updated approximately every 5 years. Each update is cumulative, adding new bird records to those documented historically. This Fifth Edition of Montana Bird Distribution is one of Dr. Skaar's ongoing legacies. Future editions will continue as a direct result of his inspirational and visionary efforts. An Introduction to Montana Montana is a diverse state: the western third of the state is dominated by high rugged mountain ranges dissected with broad forested valleys; the central portion features island mountain ranges rising out of the grassy plains; and the eastern half of the state can be characterized by rolling grass-covered plains carved by major rivers. Ecologically, Montana includes portions of the Great Basin, Great Plains, and Northern Rockies, resulting in a diversity of wildlife habitat. Vastly different climates also occur in Montana. Continental air masses with cold, dry winters and hot summers dominate most of the state. Climate extremes are demonstrated in the eastern plains which range between - 40°F(- 40°C) to over 100°F (38°C), with annual precipitation between 8 inches (20 cm) and 15 inches (40 cm). The plains also have droughts that can be frequent and severe. Northwest Montana is more influenced by Pacific moist air with moderate temperatures. The Rocky Mountains are somewhat cooler and more moist, with annual precipitation generally increasing with elevation, much of it in the form of snow. The diversity of Montana's geography, ecology, and climate all contribute to the great natural diversity and abundance of birds in our state. However, land use practices are changing the abundance and distribution of our avifauna. Some species, such as the European Starling, tend to thrive in human-altered landscapes. These birds have expanded their range and numbers as Montana's human population has grown. Other species, such as the Piping Plover, require specialized natural habitat. Human development of these specialized habitats may make such species increasingly rare or threatened. As we view the distribution of Montana birds over time, we will undoubtedly witness the expansion of some species and the decline of others. About the Montana Bird Distribution Database The Fifth Edition of Montana Bird Distribution is a "snapshot" of the Montana Bird Distribution Database as of January 1, 1996. Likewise, the Fourth Edition of this book was a snapshot of the same database on January 1, 1992. The Montana Bird Distribution Committee hopes to produce future "snapshots" at five-year intervals. The Montana Bird Distribution Database was created in 1991. It stores basic information on every bird record submitted - the who, what, when and where. Specimen data and photograph records are also stored in the database. It is housed and maintained at the Montana Natural Heritage Program at the Montana State Library in Helena, Anyone interested in the distribution of Montana birds may use this database. It can provide information far beyond what appears in this book: for example, which species occur in the Jordan area; or what is the current range of the Say 's Phoebe in Montana; or how many times have Blue Jays been reported since 1990? The database was established by entering information from the Third Edition of Montana Bird Distribution (1985). Entries from the Third Edition do not include the source (observer), location (except latilong), and date. In addition. Third Edition records represent an unknown number of actual observations. In contrast, all subsequent records added to the database represent an actual observation by a known individual at a specific time and place. The database contained approximately 48,000 records when the maps in this book were generated. Of these, 12,9 10 represent latilong values from the Third Edition, 13,570 are records entered for the Fourth Edition (records received in 1985 through 1991), and 21,520 are records new for this edition (records received in 1992 through 1995). Mapping with Latilongs and Quarter Latilongs Maps in this book are shaped in the general outline of Montana. They show the distribution of bird species by mapping bird sighting information in units called latilongs and quarter latilongs. The map on the back cover depicts the 49 latilongs and 185 quarter latilongs in Montana. These mapping units work well in a large, sparsely populated state like Montana. Latilongs (LL) are mapping units formed by successive lines of latitude and longitude, each at one degree intervals. These lines form a rectangular grid pattern across the state. Each latilong is assigned a number: 1 through 49. Latilongs 48 and 49 cover small portions of south- western Montana. The average dimension of each latilong is 47 miles (76 km) wide and 69 miles (111 km) long, representing an average area of 3,200 square miles (8,436 sq. km). Latilongs along the Canadian border are 5.4 percent smaller than those along the Wyoming border. Quarter latilongs (QLL) are created by dividing each latilong unit into four quarters, each at the 30 minute degree mark. Each quarter latilong is identified by its associated latilong number, with the addition of a letter (A, B, C, or D), ordered left to right (see Figure 1). Thus, latilong 25 is broken into 4 QLLs: 25A, 25B, 25C, and 25D. Figure 1. Quarter latilongs are created by dividing each latilong unit into four quarters. Quarter latilong information has only been recorded since 1 985. As additional information is collected by quarter latilong, Montana Bird Distribution will more accurately reflect species distribution. A B C D A Summary of Bird Record Information by Latilong The following maps use the latilong system to summarize the information stored in the Montana Bird Distribution Database in two different ways. Figure 2 shows the total number of records of all species entered for each quarter latilong (QLL) for the period 1991 through 1995. Figure 3 shows the relative diversity of bird species with two different numbers: 1) the center number indicates the total number of species ever reported for that latilong; and 2) the QLL number shows the total number of species recorded in each QLL for the period 1 99 1 - 1 995 . Both maps reflect where our contributors are birdwatching. Figure 2. Total Records of all Species for Each Quarter Latilong, 1991 - 1995. 261 270 217 113 199 386 48 63 114 148 96 18 126 75 77 28 35 49 24 1 4 8 79 212 356 283 106 872 224 280 291 38 1 393 497 144 71 93 33 31 154 55 88 281 42 29 85 248 303 361 56 245 463 91 281 879 120 410 155 135 72 112 154 17 6 43 143 155 13 0 5 15 0 76 178 190 193 388 157 398 204 101 143 142 39 280 139 40 18 38 7 U 55 1 39 62 52 585 273 237 341 1193 786 118 239 150 53 131 1 76 0 67 0 0 1 63 1 3 \ 954 228 95 226 222 272 453 148 330 166 97 114 75 2 2 94 2 49 9 0 108 188 102 153 6 43 61 127 44 15 250 225 196 40 320 58 215 73 89 153 36 53 204 77 88 85 127 97 38 18 55 203 95 147 71 31 105 17 40 172 26 146 \34 89 112 268 142 Figure 3. Total Number of Species Ever Recorded in Each Latilong (Center Number) and the Number of Species Recorded in Each Quarter Latilong since 1991. 108 146 245 121 133 110 80 294 80 241 119 190 262 130 186 37 60 193 142 36 78 92 219 1 154 59 16 218 153 93 70 62 198 45 86 72 26 192 33 30 35 45 265 134 43 24 1 280 71 221 4 8 180 42 28 56 139 261 71 158 140 157 208 0 75 52 169 298 117 156 158 62 244 105 163 135 218 277 99 154 74 189 274 129 71 97 80 193 85 81 54 82 236 37 141 93 17 226 81 33 6 39 186 18 37 113 154 219 7 10 13 0 170 55 1 5 15 211 35 62 49 222 I 294 \ 198 130 135 268 123 68 141 198 267 147 130 187 81 278 134 146 113 94 256 86 173 40 89 231 116 82 1 72 227 77 67 0 64 202 2 2 0 0 201 73 2 1 62 250 45 9 1 3 179 0 77 1'" 89 112 196 5 40 50 93 223 35 14 151 170 305 105 39 155 47 248 135 60 67 122 262 27 46 138 71 293 64 59 79 33 197 70 17 39 87 222 64 80 50 70 184 24 17 38 99 213 26 78 V. 71 97 L 182/ 155 105 ^238/ How to Read the Maps The maps show the distribution of birds in Montana. Each species is listed by common and scientific name in taxonomic order. The scientific order and family names are inserted to aid in grouping the species. To help users of this book, the common family name is placed in the top outside margin of each right hand page for the predominant group of species found on that page. As explained above, this edition of Montana Bird Distribution is cumulative, adding new bird records to those documented historically. Latilongs can have historic as well as current sighting information. "Historic" bird records are considered pre-1991 sightings. These records appear in the center of the latilong. The most recent observations, gathered in the last five years (1991 - 1995) are displayed in the quarter latilong position of each map. Figure 4. Example of Distribution Map for a Bird with Special Status. Common name Scientific name Number of sightings reported from 1991- 1995 __ Total number of documented records (if fewer than 20) Bird status symbol (see p. 6 - 7) Most recent sighting year & location Winter Distribution Map Northern Hawk-Owl Sumia ulula T991-95 = 4^994 - QLL 2B) .n=18 B _A - . t . . - A r - - r 1 lllI-11 / --• / -/ / Observation symbols (B, b, t, W, w) described on pages 7-8. Center observations = Historic observations (pre-1991) Comer observations (quarter latilong) = Most recent observations (1991-1995). Bird Status and Number of Reported Sightings TTie number of reported sightings and status of each species is provided on the lines beneath the bird's name. Symbols and their definitions are explained below. 1991-95 = (introduced) The total number of bird sightings reported for this species in the last five years, 1991 - 1995. If no sightings were turned in during the last five years (1991-95 = 0) the year and location (latilong or quarter latilong) of the most recent sighting is listed. Not native to North America or a native North American species transplanted to Montana (see Appendix D). n= Rare birds (fewer than 20 verified sightings in the state) are identified by the letter "n" followed by the number of sightings. The year and location (latilong or quarter latilong) of the most recent sighting is listed for all rare species. TES Threatened, Endangered or Sensitive Species. Species assigned to this category are one of the following: federally recognized endangered or threatened species under the Endangered Species Act; U.S. Forest Service sensitive species; or species of special concern recognized by the Montana Natural Heritage Program (see Appendix A). SI Birds for which "Supplemental Information" is needed. This group of species is poorly known in the state or has unique breeding habits that warrant further study (see Appendix A). Symbols on Distribution Maps The main distribution maps include observations recorded during both the spring and fall migration, and the summer breeding season (observations recorded between February 16 and December 14). Separate maps exist for winter sightings, with observations recorded between December 15 and February 15 (see below). Each symbol within latilong and quarter latilong rectangles represents the highest docu- mented status for that species in each latilong or quarter latilong ("B" greater than "b" greater than "t"). The symbols used are defined as follows: B Direct evidence of breeding. Use of the "B" to designate breeding requires "hard evidence." A "B" can be hard to get. Breeding is not assumed simply by presence or behavior. "B" is used only if one of the following criteria are met: 1. Occupied nest; adults entering or leaving nest site in circumstances indicating an occupied nest (includes high nests or nest-holes, the contents of which cannot be seen) or adult incubating or brooding. 2. Recently fledged young (of altricial species) incapable of sustained flight, or downy young (of precocial species) restricted to the area by dependence on adults or limited mobility. 3. Attending young; adult carrying food or fecal sac for young, or feeding recently fledged young. 4. Used nest or eggshell found (Caution: identification must be convincing for such records to be accepted). 5. Nest with egg(s) which can be clearly identified. The presence of cowbird eggs or 7 young is confirmation of breeding for both cowbird and host species. b Indirect or circumstantial evidence of breeding. 1. Singing males or territorial birds observed in suitable nesting habitat during the breeding season. 2. Courtship behavior or copulation. 3. Adults visiting a probable nest site. 4. Agitation behavior, distraction display, feigning injury, or anxiety call from an adult. 5. Nest building. 6. Physiological evidence of breeding (brood patch or eggs in oviduct) based on bird in hand. t No evidence of breeding. Transients, migrants, or wide ranging species that exhibit no breeding behavior at the time observed. — No records Winter Distribution Maps The winter distribution of species is recorded between December 15 and February 15. Winter maps display data in latilong blocks only. However, the Montana Bird Distribution Database does record winter quarter latilong information for all post-Third Edition data. The symbols used are defined as follows: W Overwintering. Regular sightings during the winter period. w Overwintering not yet documented, but species observed at least once between December 15 and February 15. — No records Subspecies Maps Birds for which information is requested at the subspecies level are listed in Appendix B. Subspecies maps appear directly after the species map. For example, following the Northern Flicker map, there is a map for both the Red-shafted and the Yellow-shafted Flicker subspecies. 8 Submission of New Records The recording of bird sightings in Montana is an ongoing process. For that effort to succeed, all species, common and rare alike, must be recorded for each quarter latilong during each revision period. Most records should be submitted on the Quarter Latilong Report Form found in Appendix I, or a similar format. If there were several birding trips within a single quarter latilong (QLL), the sightings from each trip should be summarized into a single master list for that QLL. For each species recorded, list the highest status observed ("B" greater than "b" greater than "t") and the date of that observation. The use of Rare Bird Report Forms is described on page 10. Individuals who want to submit records electronically should contact the Montana Natural Heritage Program for information about the format required. This book summarizes thousands of individual bird sighting records. Verifying the quality of records, whether collected by professionals or volunteers, is an important step taken to ensure that only the highest quality information is accepted. Therefore, rare bird records are screened by the Montana Bird Records Committee; all other distribution records are screened by staff at the Montana Natural Heritage Program. Information Required of All Sightings The bird distribution database includes only those records submitted by birdwatchers that are accurate and complete. Every record that is turned into the Montana Bird Distribution Database must have the following information: • The name of the bird (either common name or scientific). • The date of the sighting. Dates are critical for knowing when birds are breeding, arriving to breed, or migrating through Montana. The date also gives database managers a tool for verifying records. For example, a breeding record for a warbler in March would not be accepted without substantial documentation. Consequently, records without dates are not accepted. • The accurate location of the observation. In addition to quarter latilong information, a short description of the location of all records is requested (i.e.. Bean Lake; Chinook; Hwy 200, 10 miles west of Simms; etc.). For finer resolution in determining locations and quarter latilongs, please refer to U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management (BLM), or U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maps; or the Montana Atlas and Gazetteer (DeLorme Mapping, 1994). • Observations marked with a "B" or "W" must be accompanied by information documenting why the designation was used. A detailed description of "B" appears under Symbols on Distribution Maps on pages 7 - 8. At least one of five specific criteria must be met to qualify a sighting for this category (i.e., occupied nest, dependent young, etc.). If no information is included with a "B" designation, the record will be recorded as a "b." Similarly, "W" has a specific definition that needs to be documented: "regular sightings during the winter period." Without documentation, an (upper case) "W" will be recorded in the database as a (lower case) "w." • The name, address and telephone number of the main observer. This information allows the observer to be contacted if questions arise about an observation. Because of the volume of data being managed and the limited time available for scrutiny of individual bird sighting records, efforts made to provide complete and accurate information are appreciated - and contribute greatly to our knowledge of Montana bird distribution. Rare Birds A Rare Bird Report Form, found in Appendix H, must be submitted for the following observations: rare birds ( species with less than 20 sightings); out-of-range species; the first state breeding record for a species; and the first overwintering record for a species. The Montana Bird Records Committee was established in 1991 to review rare and unusual sightings. Only rare bird records approved by the Records Committee are included in the database. When you submit a rare bird sighting, describe only what you actually observed. Do not report details you felt you should have seen, but did not. Seldom is it possible to see all criteria. Complete the report as soon as possible following the observation while your impressions are fresh. Please submit any drawings or photographs; they will become part of the permanent record unless return is requested. Although the main emphasis should be on describing the species under consideration, it is also helpful to note how you eliminated similar species. Sensitive Species Specific details are requested for all sightings of threatened, endangered, and sensitive species (TES), as well as species where supplemental information is being collected (SI). All birds in these categories can be found in Appendix A. For all TES and SI species, the precise location of a record is particularly important. Therefore, a short description of the location of all records is requested (i.e.. Bean Lake; 10 Chinook; Hwy 200, 10 miles west of Simms; etc.). Nesting information on these species is also critical. Nesting records should include the exact location of the nest(s), number of individuals observed, and a general habitat description. Observations of TES and SI species can be reported on the quarter latilong report form found in Appendix I. Use multiple lines for your descriptions of the requested information, if necessary. Subspecies Reports There are five species for which records need to be collected for subspecies distribution. These species are listed in Appendix B. In particular, subspecies records for the Solitary Vireo (Cassin's and Plumbeous) are needed. When and Where to Submit Records All Rare Bird reports should be submitted immediately after the sighting, while details of the observation are fresh in your mind. Quarter latilong (QLL) lists should be aggregated and submitted at least once per year. New records are added to the Montana Bird Distribution Database on a regular basis. Regular submission of observations will allow the database to stay current for queries on individual species and will greatly facilitate production of the next edition of this book. AH records should be mailed to: Montana Bird Distribution Update Montana Natural Heritage Program 1515 East Sixth Avenue P.O. Box 201800 Helena, MT 59620 (406) 444-3009 11 Legend For detailed descriptions of each legend item, see pages 6-8. 1995-91= B b (introduced) LL QLL D= SI t TES W w Total number of sightings submitted in the last five years, 1991 - 1995 Direct evidence of breeding (occupied nest, dependent young, etc.) Indirect or circumstantial evidence of breeding Not native to Montana Latilong Quarter latilong Number of documented records (if fewer than 20) Supplemental information requested for this species Observed between Feb. 16 and Dec. 14; no evidence of breeding Threatened, endangered, or sensitive species Overwintering; regular sightings between Dec. 15 and Feb. 15 Overwintering not documented No record 12 n GAVIIFORMES ■ Gaviidae Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata 1991-95 = 1; 1991 - QLL 10D n = 8 --W Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica 1991-95 = 1; 1993 - QLL 40B n = 3 Common Loon Gavia immer 1991-95 = 119 TES www W-- wW M --W Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 10D n = 2 M Loons t t - - t I I I I I - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - t - - - - - - - B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B t t - - t b t - t t t t t t b t B B B b B B B t t t t t t - t t t t t - t t t t B B t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t - t t t t t B t t t t t t t t t t A t 13 D PODICIPEDIFORMES Pled-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps 1991-95 = 75 WWW W-- ww W-ww -wwW-w Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus 1991-95 = 40 wWm wW--w Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena 1991-95 = 68 Www -w Eared Grebe Podiceps nigricollis 1991-95 = 92 -WW — -W--W --WW Podicipedidae b B B b b b B b B b B B B b B B B B t B t B t t t b B b b B B B b B b B t B b b b B b B B B t t B t t B t B B b b b t b B B B B b B b t t t b t B t B t b t B B b B b B B B b b b B B B t b t B B b B B b t t b t B B t t B t t t t t t t t B t b B b b B ~ t t b t t t - t t b t t t t t t t t t t t b t t b - t t t t - t t - b - t B B t b t B B b B B b B t b ~ t ~ t t t t - t t t B b B B B t t B b B B B B t b t ■ ~ ~ ~ ~ ■ ~ B B b t b t B B B t t t t t ~ " ■ ■ - - b t t - t t - t - - - - t t " " t B B B B t b b B t b B b t b b B b b b b b B b B B B b t t b B t b t t t B b B B B t t B B t b B B B B t B B b t t B t t b b t B t b t t B t B B b B t B b B B t b t B b b b t b t t t t B B t t - t B B B B B B 14 Grebes, Pelican Western Grebe Aechmophorus occidentalis 1991-95 = 72 MMW W Clark's Grebe Aechmophorus clarkii 1991-95 = 29 D PELECANIFORMES ■ Pelecanidae American White Pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos 1991-95 = 118 TES ■ Phalacrocoracidae Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus 1991-95 = 105 SI -w w B t B b t t t B B t t t b t b B t t - b B B t t b b B b b B B b B t b B b t t t t t t t b b t t t B B t B B b B t t t b - t b t t t b b t B t t t b t t t t t t t b B B B B t t t B t t b B B B t t t t ~ ~ B b t t t ~ ~ ~ ■ ■ t t t t t " " - t t t t t B B t t t t t t t t t t t B B t t t B B - t t t B B t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t B B t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t b t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t B t t t B t t t t B t t B t b t b t B B t t t t t B B t t b B B t t B B t t t B t t t t t t t B t B B t B t t B t B t t t b B B t t t t t t B B B t t - B t t t B t t t t t t B t t B t t t B B t B t t t t B B B 15 □ CICONIIFORMES ■ American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus 1991-95 = 30 w Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis 1991-95 = 0; 1976 - LL 10 n = 4 Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias 1991-95 = 209 SI WW--W www — M WWWW W-- wmWW-wwW-- -w Ardeidae b t B B b - B t b b B t t B t b b t b b t b t t b b b t " b 6 b b b b B B b t - b B t b b b t - - b t t t - t B b b t t t t ~ b b B b B t b - - - - b t b B b b t B B b B t b t B b B b t B t B b t t t B t B B B B b t B B t t B t B t B B B b t t B B b t t B B B B B t t t B t t B B t B t B B t B t t B B B t B B t b B B B B B B B B B B B B b t B B t B t t B B t t B B B t b t B t B t B b b B B t b t B t t B t t B t B b t B B B t t t B B B B Great Egret Ardea alba 1991-95 = 3; 1994 n = 22 QLL 9C - - - - - - - - t t - - - t - t t - - t - - - - t - - t - - - - - t - - - t t t - - t - - - t - t 16 Herons Snowy Egret Egretta thula 1991-95 = 12 Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea 1991-95 = 0; 1987 - QLL 10D n = 4 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis 1991-95 = 7; 1994 - QLL 25D n = 20 Green Heron Butorides virescens 1991-95 = 0; 1985 - QLL 9C n = 9 - - - - - - - t b - t t t t t ~ t ~ B " ■ t - t - t t t t ~ t t ~ " t t - t - - - - - t - - - - t t - t - - t t _t t - - t ------- - t t - - t - - t - - - - t t - t t t - t - - - - » t t t - - t - - t t t t 17 Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax 1991-95 = 25 SI Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violaceus 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 14D n = 3 ■ Threskiornithidae White-faced ibis Plegadis chihi 1991-95 = 17 TES ■ Ciconiidae Wood Stork Mycteria americana 1991-95 = 0; 1918 - LL 32 n = 2 - B - - b t t b t B B t t B B t B - t - B B t B t t - t t t t t b t - - t t t t t t - - t t - - t t t t t t - t - t b b 8 B - - - - - - - t - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - t B t - t B B ~ t ~ B B ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ t t t ■ t t t t ~ B t ~ t ■ t " t t t B b t ~ ~ ~ ■ B t t 18 D ANSERIFORMES Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus 1991-95 = 61 -W--W WUWMW WW-w --wW-w -W Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator 1991-95 = 46 TES -w -W--W W --WW---W-- -W Anatidae Swans t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t - - t t " b t t t t t t ~ - - - - - b - t t " t t b B b B t " t - - - - - t t t t b t t b t t t - - - t - b t B B t b t B ~ - t - - b B B B B Mute Swan Cygnus olor 1991-95 = 3 SI (introduced) - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - t t - - - - - - -^ - t B B B - - - - - - t B 19 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons 1991-95 = 15 -w w --W Snow Goose Chen caerulescens 1991-95 = 58 MM -w --WW — WW-- --WW-W t t ~ t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t t t t t t t t t t ~ t ~ t t ~ ~ ~ t t ~ t t t t - - t - t t t t t - t - - t t - - t t t - - - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - - t t t t t - t t t t - Ross' Goose Chen rossii 1991-95 = 20 t ~ t t t t t t t t t " t t t " t t t t ~ t ~ t t t t " " ' " ' t t t t t t ~ ~ t ~ ~ t ' t t " " t ~ t ~ ~ " ~ ~ - - Brant Branta bernida 1991-95 = 0; 1980 - LL 16 n = 7 t - t t - - t - - - t 20 Geese, Ducks Canada Goose Branta canadensis 1991-95 = 285 WUU-UWm-mW-m WWUWUU-WMM-w UmmUm--WWm- -WWUwWwww- wU Wood Duck Aix sponsa 1991-95 = 78 WW w--- -W--W W-Ww --W--WW — Green-winged Teal Anas crecca 1991-95 = 107 wW w--- wW-wwww WWww --WW- WW — WW American Black Duck Anas rubripes 1991-95 = 4 w-w — w — w-w B t B B b B B B B b B B b B t b b B b b B B b t B B B B t B t b B B B b B B B 6 B B B B B B B B B R R B B B B B B B B B b B B B B t b b B B B t t B B t B B B b B B B B B B B B B B B B B B b B b B B B t B B t B b B t B B B B B B t b B b b t B B t b B t t b B t B B t B t B b b t b B b B B t B B B t b B B B B B b B t B b b B B b b t b B B ' B B B t B B t b t t - b b b B B t t B t t t t t t t B B t t B B t t t b b b b t b B t - t B B B b b b b B B b B B B t - t t B B b B - b t B b t B b B b t B B B t B t - t t t B B b b b t b B B b B t b B B B B b R b B B b b b t t b t t t b B t b t t b B t B B B b b B t b B B b b B B B B t t b b t b b B B B B b b B t b b B B t t b t t t t t b t b t B t b B B b B B t t B b B t B t b B B b B t - - - - t - - - t t - t t t t - t - - t - t - - - - t t t t - - t I t t - t - t - - 21 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 1991-95 = 386 WUwwUUUWUUU- UUUUUUUUmw-w UUUUUwUUUWW -WWWWWWWw- wU Northern Pintail Anas acuta 1991-95 = 139 WW WW-- wW-wwww WWwW -wWW-WW--- -W Garganey Anas querquedula 1991-95 = 3; 1993 - DLL 9C n = 4 Blue-winged Teal Anas discors 1991-95 = 152 -w w W--W --W--W- B B B B B B B B B b B t B t B B b b B t b B t B B B B B B B B t b b B t b B B b B 6 B B_B B B B b B b b B t b b B b b B B b b B B t B t B B B B b B t B B B B B B B_b b b B b b B b B B b B t B B t B B B B b b b B B B t B B t t b B B b B B B B B B b_B b B t B B b B t B B B b B B B B b B B B_B b B B B b b b B B B_b B t b b B B t b B b t B B t B B t b b b B t t b B b b B B t t B t B b t B t B B b B b b b b B t B t B b b B t b B t t b B B B B B B B b B B B B B B B t B B B b b B B B b B t b - - - - - - - - t - - - - t - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B B b B B t b B B b B B b b B b B b t b b b b t b B B t b B b_B b t B t B B B b B t b t b b b b b B b b b B \_ t b b t b B B B B B B B b B B B B b B B B t b b B 22 Ducks Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera 1991-95 = 129 -w W--W Northern Shoveler Anas dypeata 1991-95 = 132 WW w W--W --Ww-w -w Gadwall Anas strepera 1991-95 = 147 WW WW-- WW--W-W W-wW- --WW-wW--- -W Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope 1991-95 = 17 w t B t b b b b t B b B b b B B B b b b t b b B b B t t - b t t t t b B B B t B b t b B b B B B b B t t t b B t B b t b b t B t t B b t t b B B B b b b B b b b b b b t B b - t b b b t t b t b b B b B B B t . t t B b b B B b B B t b b b b b b B B b B b B B B B B B B B R b B B b b b b B b B t t t b t b t B t b b B B b B t B B B B B B B B B B B b t B B t t b B t b t b t b b b t B b B B B B b B b t t b b t b t t t b t b t B t b b t t B t t B B B b B B b b B b B t B b b b b b b b b b t B B b B B B B B B B b B B b b b b b b t b t b b b B t b b b b t b b B t B B B B b B B B B B B b B b B t t t b b b B b b t b t b b b B b b B B b B B - R t b b B b b b b b t t t t b b b t t B t B B b t B B t t t t t b t b b B B B B 4 - t t t - t - t - - t t - - t t t t t t t t - - t - - - - t t t - t t - - - - - - _ t - - t - t t - - - - - 23 American Wigeon Anas americana 1991-95 = 156 Www-w — Ww-- Ww--wW WW-W ww- --WW-wW--- -W Canvasback Aythya valisineria 1991-95 = 84 WWW - - - - WW- t 1. -W-- ~ -Ww- -w -w — t B B b t B B t B t b B B b b B B b B b b b b b b b b B t b B b B B t B B b B t b t t t t b B b t t B B B B B b b t b B b b B b b b B t B b B b B B b B B B b B b b B t b B B b B t b b b B B b B t b b t b B b B b b t B t B t t B t B t t b B t b B t t b B b B b b B B B B B B B B t B B B b b b b b b b b b B B B B B b t t B B t B t t t b b B B B B t B b B B t 6 B B t t B b b b B b B B t t t t B t t t t t B b t t t t t t b t b t t t t b t t t t t t t b B B B Redhead Aythya americana 1991-95 = 101 WW--W w- WW--W w --WW-WW-- -w b B t B B B b B b b B t b b b b b b b b b b B B b t t B B t b t t t b B b t B t t B B b b t B t t b B t B B B t B t t B b b B B t b B b t b b t B t B b b b t t t B b b b t t t t t b t B t B t B t t t t b t b B B 24 Ducks Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris '1991-95 = 88 WWM -- WW--W W--W --W - -w Greater Scaup Aythya marila 1991-95 =4 -WW-- w W--W --W Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis 1991-95 = 129 WW--W W-- WW--W W-Ww --WW-wW--- -w Harlequin Duck Histrionicus histrionicus 1991-95 = 45 TES -W B t t t B b t B b t B b B t b t b b b t t t t t t t t t t t t t b b b B b b b b b t t t t t t t t t t t B t t t B t t t t t b t t t b t t t t t B t t t t b t t b t b t t t t t t t b t 8 B B t t - t - t t ------ t t t t - t - - t - - - - t - t b B t t B B B b B t b B B b b b B b B b t b b b b b B B B t t b B t b t b t t t B b t B B B B B B b b t B t t t b B t B b B t t b b b B B t t t B b t B B B b B b t t b b t t b b b B b t t t b b b t b t b t b b B b t t t t t t b t b b b B B B # B B 6 B B B b B b B B B B B - - - - t t - - B B B B B B B B B B - - - - - - - - b b B B B t t t b - - - - - - - - b B b B b b - - - - - - 25 Oldsquaw Clangula hyemalis 1991-95 = 12 -w W W-- -w-w w Black Scoter Melanitta nigra 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 41B n = 5 Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata 1991-95 = 8 White-winged Scoter Melanitta fusca 1991-95 = 10 -w W--W t t - - t t t_ t t t - t t - - t - t - - t t t t t - t t t t t t - - - I I It t t ------ - t t - t t t t t - t _t t t t tt-tt t t t t - t - - - - - t t t - t - - t - - t t t t t - t t t t t ttttt--tt--- t t t t - t - - t - - - - t - t - t - - - 26 Ducks Common Goldeneye Bucephala dangula 1991-95 = 115 WWW-WWWUWW-- WUUwUUW-ww-w UUUW---UUWU -WWWwWWW-- wU Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica 1991-95 = 71 WWW-W---WW-- WW--W-W WWwW - WWW- WWW- - WW Bufflehead Bucephala albeola 1991-95 = 91 WWw W-- Ww-wW-w w-ww - WWW- WW — WW Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus 1991-95 = 61 WWw-w — w--- WW--W-W WWww --wW-w -W t B b t t B B t t B t t t b t t t t t t B B B t t t t B t t t t t b B t t B B B t b B t t t t t b t t t t t t t t t t b B t t t B t b t t b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - b t t t b b B B B B b t t - - t t - t t B b B B t t t t b t t t t b B B b b t t t ■ t t - - - t b t t t t t b t t t - t t - - t B t t t t t t t t t t b B b t t t - - B B t B B t t B b b B b b t B b t b b b B t t t B t t t b t b t t t t t b B t b b b t b t t - t t t t t t B t t t t b t t t t t b t b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t b t t t t t B t t t t t t t B B t B « t B B B - t - - t t t - t B B t t t t t b t t t t t B t B t t t t t ■ t t t - t t B t t b t B t t B t - t - - t - B b b t B ~ B b B t t ~ t t t - t t t t 27 Common Merganser Mergus merganser 1991-95 = 170 WWW-WW--WW-- WWW-WWW--W-W WW-W---WWWW -wWWwWWW-- Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator 1991-95 = 40 WW w W--W --wW-w Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis 1991-95 = 82 WW WW- -w w --WW B B B b B B B B B B B B B B B B t B B B t t t t B B B b t t t t B b B t b B B t B B b b B B B B B b b B B t b B b b B t B t b b b B t t B b t B B B b B B b b B t B B B t b t B t B b B t B B t t b b t b b B t B B B B b b B B b B B B t t t b t B B B t t t t t t - t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t - t t t t t t - t - - FALCONIFORMES ■ Cathartidae b B b B b B B b B b B t b b b b B b b b B B B b t t b b B t b t t t b B b B t B B b t B t b B B B B t b b b b B B t b b b t 6 t b t t b t b t t t t B b b b t b b t b t b B t b B B b t b b b B B Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura 1991-95 = 80 t t B t t t t t t t t t - t - t t t t t t t t t b B t b t t B t t t t b b t b t b b t b t B t B t t t B t t B t t t t t t t b t b t b t b b t b t b t t b t t b B t b t B t b t B B B - b 28 Accipitridae Hawks Osprey Pandion haliaetus 1991-95 = 139 Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus 1991-95 = 210 TES UUW-WU-mwUmU UUUUUUWWWm-W uuwwuwwwwww mWUUUUWWmW Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus 1991-95 = 221 ww--www-ww-w uu-mw-mww--w U-UUmmUwwww -UWmwWWW-w WW Sharp-shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus 1991-95 = 81 UUUww WWW-w-w UUww ww- -WWW-W-W-- -w b B B B B B B t B B B B t b t b - - - t t t b - t t B 6 B B B B B B t B b B b t B b t t B t t B B B B - t t B B B b B B t b t B B t t B B B B t t t t t - t - b b B B B B B t B b B t B t B b B - t b B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B b b b t t t t B t t t t t t t t t 8 t b t t t t B B B B B B B B B B t B t t B B t B B B B B t t t t B B b t t B t B B B B B B B B B B B t B B t B t t t t t t t t B B B B B B B B t B t B B B B t B B B B B B B b t B B B B B B B t t B B B B B B B b b b t b b b t b b b t b t B b b B b b b B b b b B B b B b t b b t b B b b b B t b t b B b B b b b b t b B B b b t b B t t b b B b B b B b t t B b b b B t t B B b B b b B B t B B t b b B t t b t B b b t B t b t b b b t b B t b B b b b B B b b b B b B b b B t b b t b b t b B t b b b b b B b b B b t b b b b B 4 b t B t t t B t b b B t b b b b t b t t t t t t - t B b t b t b b t t t B b t b b B t t t t t t t b t B B t B t t b B t t t B b t b - - t t t b t B t B t b B t t t b t b t t b B b b t t b 29 Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii 1991-95 = 77 \MM Www-w-w wwUw w-w --WW-W-W-- w- Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis 1991-95 = 90 TES WWW WWw-W -WWWW-ww WwWWW-w-MWW -WWWww-W-- -w Red-shouldered Hawk Buteo lineatus 1991-95 = 0; 1965 - LL 3 n = 2 Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platyptems 1991-95 = 10 t B t t B t t t b B t B b b b t t - t t t t t t t t t b b t B t t B b B t b b B t b b b b t t B B t B B t b B b b B t t B b t B t t b - b t t b b b t B b B t t b b t b B t b t B B b b t b B B B b B t t t B B b B b t t t B - t t t t - t B b B b t b t B B b t B B B t t B B B t b t b - - t B B t B B t B b B B t B B t B B B B B t t t t t - B B B B t B t t b t b b B B B B B t t b B b B t t t t t t t t - t - - t - t t - t - t - - - - - t - - t t - t t ~ ~ ~ t t t t ~ *■ ~ - - 30 Hawks Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni 1991-95 = 119 Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis 1991-95 = 285 WW W-- WWwww-w w W--W--WW-WW wWWwmWWW-- -w Ferruginous Hawk Buteo regalis 1991-95 = 99 TES W WW -W---W Rough-legged Hawk Buteo lagopus 1991-95 = 121 WWWWWW-WWWWw WWUWUUWUWWUw WWWWUUUWUww WWWWWWWWWW WW b b b b B b b b b b B b b b B B B B B B B B B B b t t t B B b b b t b t b b t B b b B t b b t b b b B b B B B B B B B B B B b B B t t t t b b b b t t b t t t t b b b t B b B B b B B b B B t t t t b t b b b b t b t B b t B B B t b b b B B b b t B t b b b B B B t t b b B b b b B B B B B b b t B b b B B b b B b B B B b b t b t t b b t b t t B B t b B b b t B B B B B b B B B B B B b b B B B b b B t b t b b B b b B b b B b B B b B B B b t t b b B B B B B b B B B B B B b B b b b B b b b B t B b b b b B b b b B B B t b b t b t t B t b b t B B B B B B B B B B t B t B t b t B B b t b t b b B B B B B B b B B t b B B t - t b B B b B B B t t B t b B b b b b t b b t t t t t t B ■ B B B B B b b B B b B b t t t t t b b b t t b B B B B b - B B t t B B B b b b B t t b t b b b B B B B B t b B t b B t B t b B B B b « t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 31 Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos 1991-95 = 182 wwuuuuuuuuwu UUWWWUUUWWwW UWmUUUWWUUm mUUUUUWUUU mU ■ Falconidae American Kestrel Falco sparverius 1991-95 = 268 WW W-- WW-www W-www-wwww- -wWw-W-W-w B B b t t b B b B t B B t B b b t b B t t B B B t t t b B b t B b t B t t b b b b B b t t t B t t b b t t B t B t B t b B b B B B b t t t B B t b B t t B b B t B B t B t B t t B b t t b B t t t B t t B B t t B B t B b b b B t t B B t B B B t t B B B B b B t B B b B t B t t B B b B b B b B B b b b b B b b B B t t B b B B b b b B b b b b b b b B b b B b b B t B t t B B b t b B b t b B b b B B B B b t B 6 b t b b b t b B b B b b B t b b B b b b b B t B b B b B B B b B B B B B B t B b t B b b B b B b b b B b t b B t B b b B b b b B B b t b B B t b b B t b t B t B B B B t t b b b b t B b b t B t t b B b b b b B b t b b B t b b B B B B V^^-i Merlin Falco columbarius 1991-95 = 74 mmW-WWw-Wwm- ww-WW-ww — W WW-W MWW -WW--W-W-W b t t t b b b B B t B t b B b t t b t t b t b t t t b t t t t t t t t t E t B t B t ■ B B b b b B t t t b t t t t b b b B B t b - b t B t t t t t t t t t b t b b b t t b b t B B b t 32 Falcons, Partridge Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 1991-95 = 40 TES WW--WW-WWW-- -W--W--WW-W- W--W-WW-W-- -www-w Gyrfalcon Falco msticolus 1991-95 = 33 -W--W---WW-W -W-WWWW--W-- WWMMWW --W — wW-- Prairie Falcon Falco mexicanus 1991-95 = 97 wW-wWW--WW-w wW-WW-UUUmwU uuwwu-wwmmw -UUUwWWUWW n GALLIFORMES Gray Partridge Perdix perdix 1991-95 = 92 (introduced) UUUUUWUUWUUW wW-UUUUWUUwU wuuuuwuuuwu wUWWmUWWU- -w Phasianidae t t t b b B b t t t t t B t t t t B t t t t t t b B B b b ~ t B t b t t t B B t t b t b t t b t B t t t B t 1 t t B b t B 6 t t - 1 b B B B B t - t t - - - t ~ t t t ' t t t t t t - t t - t t t t ■ t t t t t t - - t - t - t t t t - - t t ~ t t t t - b b t t b B t b t B B t B B B B b B B b t t t t 6 t t B t B t t B B B B b t t B t t B b B b B b B B B B b B t B B t b B t t b t B B B t t t B t t B t b B B t B B t B B t B t t B B B t B B t B b B B B t B B B 4 b b B B B b R B b b B B B B B B B B b b B t b B b b b b b t B t B b b b b b R t B B B B B B B b b t t t b b b t b B t t t b B B B B B B B b B B B B B b t B t B t B B t t b B B t B b B B B B B B B B 33 Chukar Alectoris chukar 1991-95 = 7 (introduced) -W -W-- ---w-w — Ring-necked Pheasant Phasianus colchicus 1991-95 = 155 (introduced) uu-uuuwuuuuw -u-uuuwwwuww uuuwuuuuuuu -UWUmWWWW- Spruce Grouse Dendragapus canadensis 1991-95 = 31 WWWW WWWw WW Blue Grouse Dendragapus obscurus 1991-95 = 64 WWWW--W--- UWUm-UWW-- WW-wWWW-- --WW — -w - b t - - - - - - - - - - - B - - - - - - - - - - t ~ b ~ ~ - - - - - - - t ■ ■ b t ~ B b B b - - - - b B B b B b t b b B b B b b t B b b B b B B B B b B B B B B t B b b b B b t b B b B b t B B b t b B t B b B b b B b b b t B b B b b B B B b B t b b B B b t B b B b B B b t B t b B b t b B b t B B b b B b B b t b b B B t B B b B b b B b t B b b B b b b b B b B b - - B t B t B B B B - - - - - - - - - B b B b B b t t B B t B t B b t ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t b B B b B b B ~ ~ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ t B B B ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * * - - B b B B t t t B B B B B B - - B - - - - - t B B b b B t b B B b B B B b t b B t b - - - - b B b b E B b b B t B t t B b B t B B - - - - t B B B B B t B B b B B t B B B b B - - - B B B B 34 Grouse Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus 1991-95 = 0; 1914 - LL 3 n = 1 --W White-tailed Ptarmigan Lagopus leucurus 1991-95 = 6 SI -W Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus 1991-95 = 113 WWWW WWWw-WWww--- WWWwwWW -UWWw -w Sage Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus 1991-95 = 19 WWWWW-- WWWW-- ---UUwUUUWw ---u-uuwww -w - B B b B B - - - - - - - - t B B B - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b b B B b B B B B t - - - - - - - - B b b B B B B b b b B b B t B B b B b B B B b B t b b B b t b B b b b b b b B B B B B B B B t - - - B B b b b b b b B B B B B B B B b - - B t 1 1 B B B B « - - - - t b b B B B b B b B - - - - - - b b B b B B t B B B B B B - t t B B B B t B b B B B B B b B B B B B B t B B B b B B b B B 35 Greater Prairie-Chicken Tympanuchus cupido 1991-95 = 0; 1937 - LL 12 n = 1 Sharp-tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus 1991-95 = 62 wuuuuuuwwwuu -u-wwuwuuuuu --UUwWUUUW b B B b B b B B B b b B B B b b B b B B B B B B B t b B b B - b B b b B b t t B B b B B B B B B B B B B t b b B b B t b B B b B t B t b B B b B B - b B B B b B B B B t b B B b » - b 4d^ v Wild Turkey Meleagris gallopavo 1991-95 = 59 (introduced) WW W-W--WWWW--W W-WWWWWWUWm --WW-wWWWW t B B B B b B - - B B b B t t t - - - t B B b b B t b b t B B B B B b b t b B B B t b b t t B B B B t B B B B b B B B b - t B t b b B B b B b b B B B - - 36 Turkey, Rails Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus 1991-95 = 0; 1982 - LL 2 n = 9 (introduced) n GRUIFORMES ■ Rallidae Yellow Rail Coturnicops noveboracensis 1991-95 = 3; 1995 - QLL 9C n = 6 TES Virginia Rail Rallus limicola 1991-95 = 30 W--W -WW--W Sora Porzana Carolina 1991-95 = 114 -w- --W--W b b - b \ "11 11 I b b _t t I 1 1 1 1 b b B - - - - - - b B b t b b - B t B b b - t - - - - b b B B t B b t t b - B - - b - - B b b B B t B t t b t - b b b 4 b B b b b b b b b B B b - B b b b B B b B b b b b b b b b b t t b b b b B b b t B b B B b B B b b b b b b b t b b b b b b b b b b b B b b B B B B b b B b b b b b t B b b b t t t b b t b b b b b b B t B t B B b B t b b b b b B B b B 37 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 1991-95 = 0; 1972 - LL 15 n = 1 American Coot Fulica americana 1991-95 = 158 WW W--- WWW-W W-wW ■-wW-W Gruidae B B t B B B B B B b B t b B B t b b B t b B b b B B B b b B B b B b B B b B B b t t b t B B b B t B B b B B B b t b B t t t b B t t B b B t t B B b B b B B B t b B t b t B t b B b b B b t b b t b B B t b B b b B B b B b t B t B B B B t B b t B B b B B b t b b B B B Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis 1991-95 = 134 -W- t b B b B B b b t t t t t t t b t b B t t t t t t t - t b t B B B t b t b t t - b b t t t t t t t b B B t B t B b b B B B B t B B b b b B t B B B b t t t t t t b B B t t b B b t B t B b B t t b B t t b b b t t t t t b b b b 6 B B B Whooping Crane Grus americana 1991-95 = 4 TES t t - - t - - t t t - - t t t t t - t - - t t t - - t - t t t t t 38 CHARADRIIFORMES ■ Charadriidae Cranes, Plovers Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola 1991-95 = 22 American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominicus 1991-95 = 10 (formerly Lesser Go I den- Pi over) Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus 1991-95 = 0; 1982 - LL 41 n = 4 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus 1991-95 = 25 t t t t - - - - t t t t t t_ t_ t t t t t t-tt-tttt-t T t t - t t t t t - - t - t t t t - t t - t t t I 1 1 I I I I t - t t t - t t_ t_ t t t - t - t t - - - - t - - t t - - - - - t - - t - t t - t - t - - - b ___ " r r I " I I — - t , t t t t - - t t t - t t - t 1 1 i t t t t ttttt-tt-t-t t_ t t t t t t - t t - - t - t_ t t t t t - t t - t - t t 39 Piping Plover Charadrius melodus 5the ed. = 13 TES Killdeer Charadrius vociferus 1991-95 = 264 WW--WW--W--- WW--W W-WW MMMM -wWW-W-W-- -w Mountain Plover Charadrius montanus 1991-95 = 15 TES B " " ~ B B " " ~ • B B ~ B B B B B - - - t - - - - - B B B - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - b B B t B B B B b B t b B B b b b B B b B B b b b B b b b b B b b B b b b B B B B b b b B B t t B t b B b b b B b B b B B b b b b B B t b b B t b b b B b b B B b b B b B B B b B b B b B B B b B B B b B B t b B b B B b b B b b b b B b t b B b b b B B b b B B b t b b B b b b B b B t B B B t t b B b b B b t B b b B b b b B b b b B b b b B B B B Recurvirostridae - t - - - b b B B B B b - t ■ * ~ ~ b ~ ~ B t t " ~ b B B - - B B B B B b ~ B b b B ~ B t ~ " t t ~ * ~ - - Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus 1991-95 = 28 TES - t t - t - - - B B B - - t t B t ~ t t B B b ~ t t ~ " " " t t t t t " t t b t t t B t ~ ■ ' ■ t b - - t * b t " ~ " "* t * t 40 Sandpipers American Avocet Recurvirostra americana 1991-95 = 105 ■ Scolopacidae Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 1991-95 = 40 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes 1991-95 = 40 Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria 1991-95 = 25 t t t b b b t b t b t b t B b b b t b 6 b b B B B B B t t t B B t t t t B B t t B B t b t b B B t b t b b t B t b B B t B t B t t b t t b t t t B t b t b b t t b b t B t t b t t b t t t t b t t t B t t B B B t b t t t b b B t B t t t tttttttttttt L.t t_ t_ _t t_ t t t t t t t t t ttttt-tttttt t t t t ttttttttttt t_ _t t__t _t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 4 t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - 41 Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus 1991-95 = 83 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia 1991-95 = 179 WW- b t b b b B B b b B b b - t t b B b B b B B B B t b b b t b b b t b b b b t B t b b b t t t t B t b B t b B t b b b b b t t t b t t ~ t b b b B B B b t t t t t B t t B t b t t t t B b B b b B t b B b B B b b t b b b b B B B B B B B b B B B b b b B B B B b b b b b t B t B b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B B B B B B B b b b b b b b B b b b t b b b B b B t b b b t b b B B B B B b b B B B b B B t t B b b B B b t t b b b b b b t t B b B B b t b B B B b t B B B B b b b b b b b b b B b b B B b b Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 1991-95 = 72 t t b b b b b b B b b b b b b B B b B b B B b - B t b b B B b b B b b b B b B b b b b t t B b b b b t t b t b b B b b b B B b b b t b t B b b b B b b t t B b B B B B b b b t B b b B B t b - - 42 Sandpipers Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus 1991-95 = 5 Long-billed Curlew Numenius americanus 1991-95 = 104 Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemasdca 1991-95 = 3; 1994 - QLL 12B n = 13 Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa 1991-95 = 64 t t t - t _t t t t t t - - - - t - - t - t t - - t t - - - t - t t t - - - I I I I I 1 I t b b t b b b b B b b t B t b B B B B b B b b b B b b B b b b t B b b b B t t b b t b t t - B h B B b b B b B t B b b B b b b t b b b t b b b b b b b B B B t B b b B t B B b B B b B B b b b t b b b b b t B B B t b b B b t b B B b B B 6 t . t - - - - - - t t - - _t t t t - t - - - - - t t - - t - \ — I — I — I — I — I — 4 t t b b b b b b b b b t t b b b b t b B b B B t t t b b b t b t b b b b B t b b t t t B b B b b t b t t t b t t b b t t t t t B t t ~ b t t t t t - - b t b b b ' t t b b t t 43 Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres 1991-95 = 10 Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala 1991-95 = 0; 1957 - LL 3 n = 1 Red Knot Calidris canutus 1991-95 = 10 Sanderling Calidris alba 1991-95 = 16 - - - t t - t t _t t t t t t - t t - - - - t - - t t - - t - - - - t - t t t t t t t - - - - t - - t t - - t t - - t - - - - t t t t - t t t t t t t t t - t t - t - - t - - tttttttt-tt t t t t t t 44 Sandpipers Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla 1991-95 = 14 Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri 1991-95 = 16 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla 1991-95 = 28 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis 1991-95 = A; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 16 t tt--tt--t--t t t_ t t t t tt-tt--tttt- ttttttttttt _t t t t t t t - t - - t t - t - - - t - - t - - t t_ 1 1 t t t t ttttt----t-- t t - t t t t t t - t - _t t t t - t t - - - t t t t t - - t t t ~ t t t ~ t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t ~ t t t t t t - - t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t - t t t t " 4 t - t .----- t t - - t t - - - - - t - - t t t 45 Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii 1991-95 = 25 Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos 1991-95 = 18 Dunlin Calidris alpina 1991-95 = 6 Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea 1991-95 = 0; 1972 - LL 17 n = 1 t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t - - t - - t - - - - t - t t - - - t t t 46 Sandpipers Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus 1991-95 = 15 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subnificollis 1991-95 = 2; 1994 - QLL 5D n = 10 Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 14D n = 20 Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus 1991-95 = 34 t t ttt----tt--t t_ t t t t t t t t - t t - - - t t - - t - t t - t t t - t - _t X_ t - - t - t - t I tl I I I I I t t t - - t - - t - - - - t - t t - - t t - t t t t - « t t ttt-tttttttt t_ t t__t_ .t t_ t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t-ttttttttt _t t__t _t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t 47 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago 1991-95 = 168 WW Ww-- WW--W-W w WwWW WW -wWWwW WW American Woodcock Scolopax minor 1991-95 = 0; 1983 - LL 14 n = 2 Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor 1991-95 = 114 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 1991-95 = 21 b b B b b b b B b b B b b b b b B b b t t B b b b b b b t t t t b b b b B t t b b b B b b B B b b b b B b b t b b b b b B t b b b b b t t b b b B B b B b b b b b B b b B b b b b B b t b b b t b b B t b b b b b b b B b B b B B t B B B b t b B B b t b t b b b b b b b B B B t - - b t B b b 6 b t b b b b b b B b B b b t b b b b B B b b t t b b b b B t - b B t b B t t B B b b b B b b b t B t t B b b b t b B b b b B t b b b b b t b b t b t b b b B b B t b B B t b b b b t b b b B b t B t b t t B t b b b b B b b t b b B B t ~ t t t ■ ~ ~ ~ t t t t t t t t t t " t - t t t " t t t t t t t t t t t t t t ~ ~ t " t t t t t t ~ ~ t t ~ t t 48 Phalaropes, Jaegers Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicaria 1991-95 = 1; 1992 - QLL 31C n = 7 ■ Laridae Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus 1991-95 = 0; 1990 - QLL 40B n = 4 Parasitic jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus 1991-95 = 0; 1987 - QLL 2D n = 13 Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus 1991-95 = 0; 1988 - QLL 14B n = 6 _t - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - t t t - - t t 4 t t - - t t t - t 49 Laughing Gull Lams atricilla 1991-95 = 2; 1995 n = 3 QLL 40B Franklin's Gull Lams pipixcan 1991-95 = 70 TES Bonaparte's Gull Lams Philadelphia 1991-95 = 24 Mew Gull Lams canus 1991-95 = 2; 1995 n = 3 - QLL 10D -w- t - t t b t t t t t b t b b t b t B B t t t t B B B t t t t t B B t t B B t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t B t t - t t t t t B B t t t t - - t - - t t t t - t t - t t - t t t t - - - - t t - - t t t t t t t t t t t - - t - t t t t t t t t t t - t - - - t 50 Gulls Ring-billed Gull Lams delawarensis 1991-95 = 149 SI wU WW-- WU W-- ---W --W--W California Gull Larus califomicus 1991-95 = 96 SI -Ww-w W-- -w W-- ---W --WW-W t t t t b t t t t t t t b b B B b b B B t t B t t t B t t t b b b t t t t t t t t t t t t B t B t t t t t B t B b B B t t t B B t t t b b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t b B t t B t t t t t B b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t B t t t t t ■ t t t t B t t t t t t t t t t t t b B B b B B B t b B t B t b b b t b t t t t t t t t B t t t t t t t t B t B b t B b t B t b B t B t t t t t t t t b t t B B b t t t B t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t - t t t t t t 1 t t t B b Herring Gull Z^rM5 argentatus 1991-95 = 15 wW W-- WW--W W-- t t t t . B t _ t t t t t t t t t - t t t ~ t t t t t t ■ t t t ' t - - t t - t t - - t - - - - 51 Thayer's Gull Larus thayeri 1991-95 = 3; 1994 n = 5 Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides 1991-95 = 1; 1991 n = 3 QLL 2D QLL 10D Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 17B n = 13 W-- w W-- Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens 1991-95 = 5; 1995 - QLL 2D n = 5 -w- t t t t t t t t - - t t t 52 Gulls Great Black-backed Gull Lams marinus 1991-95 = 1; 1992 - QLL 17B Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla 1991-95 = 0; 1990 - QLL 28A n = 4 Sabine's Gull Xema sabini 1991-95 = 2; 1995 n = 12 - QLL 16B Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea 1991-95 = 0; 1974 - LL 10 n = 1 t t - - - t t - - - t t - - t - - - - - - t t t - t - t - - - - - 53 Caspian Tern Sterna caspia 1991-95 = 35 TES Common Tern Sterna hirundo 1991-95 = 22 TES Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 29D n = 1 Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri 1991-95 = 30 TES b t t t t ~ b t ~ ■ t B b t - B B t B B B " B t t t t t ~ * ~ t B ~ ~ t t b t t t t b t B t ~ t * - - t t ~ ~ t t " t t - t - - - t B t B * B t t b b b b B B B B t t B B t B t B ~ B t t B B ~ t B B B - t t t t t t B t t B t - t - t ■ ~ t t t t ~ t ■ ■ t b t - b t t t - - - t t t t - t B - B t t B t B - t t t t B - - t t t t t t B t t t t B t t t t - - t t t t t - t - t t B b 54 Terns, Murrelets Least Tern Sterna antillarum 1991-95 = 11 TES Black Tern Chlidonias niger 1991-95 = 52 TES ■ Alcidae Marbled Murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus 1991-95 = 0; 1985 - QLL 15C n = 1 Ancient Murrelet Synthliboramphus antiquus 1991-95 = 0; 1979 - LL 10 n = 5 - - - - - - - - - - B B B t B t - - - - - - - - - B - B B - - - - t - - - - B B B B - - - - - - - t - - - b 6 b B B B B - B b b b b t B t t t B t B - B b B B t B b 6 B t t t b t t B t t t t B B t B t b t t t t t b b t t b t b b t b t t t B t - t t t B t B b 4 t t t - t 55 COLUMBIFORMES ■ Columbidae Rock Dove Columba livia 1991-95 = 165 ( introduced) WWWUWUUUUUUW WUUUUUUWUwUU WWWW MM -WWWWW---W w- Band-tailed Pigeon Columba fasciata 1991-95 = 1; 1991 - QLL 15A n = 18 White-winged Dove Zenaida asiatica 1991-95 = 0; 1979 - LL 17 n = 1 Mourning Dove Zenaida macroura 1991-95 = 309 WW---W--W--- -W--W ■ W-W ■ --WW-W b t B b B b B b b B b b B b B B B t t B B b b b b B t B b t B b b B t b b B t t b t B B t b b B t B B B t t B b B t B b b t t B t B b b B B B b B B t b B t B b B B b t b b t t B t b B t b b b b b b b t b B t B B B t B B B t b b b b B b b t b b b - b B t b b ttt--t t ttt t t -------- - t b b B b B B b b t b b B b b b B b b B B b b b B b b b b B b t b b B b b b B B B B b b b b B b b t b B t b B b b t B b b b B B b b b B B B B b b t b b b B t b b B b b B b B B B t t B b B t b B B B b B B b b b b B t t B t B b B t b B b t b B b b b B b b b B B b b B B b b B b B b t B t b B t b b B B b B t b b t B t b b B b b b b B b t b B B t b b b b b b 56 CUCULIFORMES ■ Cuculidae Doves, Cuckoos Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus 1991-95 = 12 Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus 1991-95 = 1 TES D STRIGIFORMES ■ Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba 1991-95 = 3; 1995 - QLL 25D n = 13 SI ■ Strigidae Flammulated Owl Otus flammeolus 1991-95 = 17 TES b - - b b b b b b b b b b b b - b - b b b b b b b b b - - b B B - b b b b b b b B b b b - b b b b B B B b b B b - t t t - - - t - - t t b b b - t b - - b - b b b t - - - - - t - t - - - - t t - - - - - - - - - - B t - - - - - - - - - - t - - - B - t - - - - t b t . . _ _ _ _ - b b b b - - - - - - - - - - b B t B B t - - - - - - - ~ t b B B - B - - - - - - - - 57 Eastern Screech-Owl Otus asio 1991-95 = 2 SI -Ww- Western Screech-Owl Otus kennicottii 1991-95 = 19 SI -w w Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus 1991-95 = 154 UUUWUW-UUUUm uuwuuuwwuuuu UUUU-mU-www -mUUUUUWU- -w - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - b - - - - - t - b - - - - - - - b b t - - - b - - b B t b - - - - - t t t - - - - - - - - - - - b t b b t b - - - - - - - - B t B t b - - - - - - - - - t - - B - - - - - - - - - 58 b B b t B B t B b 6 B B t b B b B b b B B B 6 B t B B B b B B t b b B B b B B B b t B B B B b b B B b b b B B B b B B B B b B B b B B B t B B b t B t B B B B B t B b B B b B B B 6 b B t b B b B t B B t b B B B b b B t b B b B B t B b B b B b B B B B Owls Snowy Owl Nyctea scandiaca 1991-95 = 26 Um-wWUwUWUUW -W-wWmwWUWww w--wWUUmmm- W-W-WWW--W Northern Hawk-Owl Surnia ulula 1991-95 = 4; 1994 - QLL 2B n = 18 SI -w M -w --W-- Northern Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium gnoma 1991-95 = 53 WWW WWWw WWWW-w --WW Burrowing Owl Speotyto cunicularia 1991-95 = 44 TES w t t t tttttttttttt t__t _t t_ _t_t t t t t ttttttttttt t tttttttttt- t t t t t t - t t B t t t ~ " " ' " ' t ' - t t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - t t b b b B t b b b ~ ~ ~ ~ " " " t b B b b t b b b t b t t ~ " ■ " b b t B b B b t t t t - - - t - B t t t b b b b b B b b ~ ~ ~ " " - 1 b B b B b B b B b t - t B b B b b B B B B B t B B B t t t t b b b B t b - B B t t b b B B B B b b b b t - b B t b B t b b b B B t b B b B B B B B B b B B b b t t b 59 Barred Owl Strix varia 1991-95 = 30 WW wWw Great Gray Owl Strix nebulosa 1991-95 = 41 TES WWW --W W--W --W b B b t b b b b b b b b t b B t - - - - - - - - b b b b t b t B t - - - t - - - - b - - t - - - - - - - - - b t B t b b B b b b - - - - - t - - - B t b t B b b - B B - - - - - t B t B b B b t t b t t B - - - - - - B b t b t B b B t t - - - - - - b b B Long-eared Owl Asio otus 1991-95 = 32 MM W--W--M -W-M W-W M- --Wm-wWWm- b t t b - b t b t t B t B - b t t t ~ B B t t B b B B B t b ~ B B t B b t b t - B b t B B B t B t B B b t t B B B B b b B ■ b Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus 1991-95 = 79 -W-WWW-UUW-M ■W-WW---WW-- WW-WmWmmmmw --W-wW-Wm- -w t b b B b b b b b B b b b 6 b B b B B B t b t b b b b t B t t t b B b t t B B b b B t t b b b B t B b b t t B b b b b B B b b t b t t b b t b b b B b t b b B B t b b b t t B t b b b b b b B B 60 Owls, Nightjars Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus 1991-95 = 40 TES -w- Northern Saw-whet Owl Aegolius acadicus 1991-95 = 45 WWW W-- WW--W-W W-W ■ --Ww-wWW-- -w b b b b B B t B B b - - - - - - - - - - B b b b b - - - - - - - - B b t b b t b - b t b - - - - - - b B b b b - b t b b t - - - - - - - - CAPRIMULGirORMES ■ Caprimulgidae t b B B b t b b t ~ t ~ ~ t t t ~ ~ b b t b B t b b b b ■ ~ b t t ■ t ~ ~ t t t B B t t t t - b t t - B B b t t b b b ~ B b b t t b b ~ t - b Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor 1991-95 = 169 Common Poorwill Phalaenoptilus nuttallii 1991-95 = 12 t t B b b t t B b t b B t b t b B b B b B B b b b B b b b b B b b b t b b b b b b b B b b B b b b B b b b b b b b b B b b b t b b B t b B b b b t t B b b B b B b B B b b B t t b b B b b B B b b t b b b b b b b B t B b B b b b B t b b b b B b b B b t b B B b b b B B B b b b t B t b B b b B b B b b t b - - - - b t - - - b - - b b t b - b ■ ■ B B b b b ~ t b b t b ~ ~ t b B ~ B B " b b b b - - b t b B b b B b b B B - - 61 Whip-poor-will Caprimulgus vocifenis 1991-95 = 0; 1990 - QLL ID n = 1 APODIFORMES ■ Apodidae t - - - - Black Swift Cypseloides niger 1991-95 = 11 TES Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica 1991-95 = 1 Vaux's Swift Chaetura vauxi 1991-95 = 43 t b b b b B - - - - - - - - - b t b b b B t - - - - - - - - - t t t - t - - - - - - t - t B B t t - - - - - - - - - t - b - - - - - - - t B B t - - t b - t - b b - - - b B t b b b t b b B b - - - - - - - - - b t b b b B b b b t t b - - - - - - - - t b B B B B t t t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 62 Swifts, Hummingbirds White-throated Swift Aeronautes saxatalis 1991-95 = 53 ■ Trochilidae Ruby-throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 8 Blacic-chinned Hummingbird Archilochus alexandri 1991-95 = 23 Anna's Hummingbird Calypte anna 1991-95 = 2; 1993 - QLL 28A n = 7 b t t b b - b b B - - - - - - t B b b b b b b b b b b B B - - - b t b t b b b b B B b b b b b b - - - b t t B B b B b B b t B b b - b b B B B b B - b b t b bbl 1 ! t " ' - - - - - - - - B - - t - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t b b b B b t t - - - - - - - - t t b b b - - - - - - - - - b B B B t t b t - - - - - - - - - - t - t - - - - - - - « t t t t t - - t - - - I 1 1 1 1 63 Calliope Hummingbird Stellula calliope 1991-95 = 66 Broad-tailed Hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 29D n = 11 Rufous Hummingbird Selasphorus rufus 1991-95 = 78 B t B B b t B b t b B b b b - - - - - - - - t b b b t B b B t B t b b t - - t - - - - - t b B B b B b b b t t b b b b - - - - t - t t b B b b B b b B - - - - - B b t b - - t - . . t - - t b B t B B b t t B t b b b B b b t t t t - - - - - - t b b b t B B B b t b t B t t - - - - - - - B b B B B b t b b b b b b t t - - - - - - b b t B t t t b t t t t B - - - - - b t 64 CORACIIFORMES ■ Alcedinidae Kingfisher. Woodpeckers Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon 1991-95 = 165 WWw-W-- --W-- uuuw-wu UWWWM- — w- -WWWwWWW-- mU D PICirORMES ■ Picidae Lewis' Woodpecker Melanerpes lewis 1991-95 = 47 Ww WW --W--W-W-- Red-headed Woodpecker Melanerpes erythrocephalus 1991-95 = 20 --W Red-bellied Woodpecker Melanerpes carolinus 1991-95 = 1; 1992 - IOC n = 2 b b B b b B b b b b t b b b b b b b B t b b b b b b t b b b b t B t t B t B b t b b B b b b b t b b b t B t t B t t t b b b B B b b B b t t b b t t b b b B t t b B B B b t B b b b B b b b b B b b B t b b B t t B B B b B t B b b t b b b b b B B b t B B b B b B - - b t b - - - - - b b b B b t B B t t b t t b - - - - b B B B b t b B B t b b t b t t t t t b - - t b t b B b B B B B B - B b - t b B ~ t t ~ b B b B B B b t B t - t b t - B B B B B t b B t - t t b b b b B B B t t t B B b b b t b b ~ ~ t B B b B b B - t _t 65 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 2 Red-naped Sapsucker Sphyrapicus nuchalis 1991-95 = 135 Williamson's Sapsucker Sphyrapicus thyroideus 1991-95 = 30 Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens 1991-95 = U3 WUUwUUmUWUUw UUWwWUU-UW-U UUUUwwWwwM- UUUUwWwWWU -w - - - - - - - - t - t B b B B b b - - B B B b b - B t t - - - B b B B B B b b b B b B b b t t B B B B - B B t - - - t b b b B t b B b b B b b b b t B B B B B B t - - - - B b B B b b B t b b B b B b B B b B B B t B B B b B b ~ " B b B B b B b B B b - - - - - - - - - B b b B b b b ~ b b B t ~ ■ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ b B b b b B - - - - - - - - - B b b b B b B B B B - ~ ~ •* ~ ~ B b b b b b b B B b b b b t b B b b B b b B b b b b t b t t t b B b b t t b b b b t B B B B t b B t t t b b b b t b B b t b t B b t t B b t t B B b b B B b t b b b B b t t b b b b t b B t b b B b b b B b t B B t B t B t B b b b b b b B b t b 66 Woodpeckers Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus 1991-95 = 178 UUUmWUmUwU-w UUUmUUW--UwU WUUU-wUmUw- mUUUWUmUUU -w White-headed Woodpecker Picoides albolarvatus 1991-95 = 1; 1991 - QLL IB n = 6 Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus 1991-95 = 61 WWW WWW WW --W Black-backed Woodpecker Picoides arcticus 1991-95 = 30 TES WWW -w-w b B b b t b B B B b b b B t b B t b B B B B B b b b b b B b B b b b t b B t B B B B t b b b b t t b b b B b B B b t b b b b B B b B b t t b B B B B B B b t t b b B B B b t b B t t b b B t B t B b b b B B B t t B B B B t b t b B b b b B B B b b t t t - - - t b b B b b b B b b b B B b b - - - - - - - - b b b B B b B b B b b b - - - - - - - - b b B t t B t t B t t b t t B b b t b - - - - - b b t b B t B b b b t b - - - - B 4 t b B B B t b b b b - - - - - - - - - B t b b B t b B B b - - - - - - - - B b B t b t b - - - - - - - b t b b B - - - b t t - - b 67 Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus 1991-95 = 362 UUWmWUwUUU-w WWWWWWWW---W WWUWUWUwUUw wUWUwWmUUW w- b b B B b b b B b B b b B b b b b t B b B b b t B b b B t b t b B B B B t b B B b b B b b B b B b B B b B b b b t b B t B b b B b b b B b B B B b b b b t b b B t b B B B B b b B B 1 b B B b B B b B B b b b B b B t B B t t b B t B b B b b B b B b b B b B t b B t b b B t t B B B t b B t b b B t b b t B t b b B b b b b B b b B b b b b B B B Yellow-shafted Flicker Colaptes auratus auratus - b - - t t b - - - - t - - - - t t B b b - t - - - - - b - - b b b b b b - - Red-shafted Flicker Colaptes auratus cafer t b b b b b - b t b t b b t - b t B b b b b B t t t b b t t t B b B t b b b b b b b - t b B b b b b b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus 1991-95 = 99 WWW-- WWW-- b b b b b b b B B - - - - - - - - - B b b b b b B b b B b t B B B b - - - - - - - - b b B b t b B b b t 6 B b t - - - - - - - B b b b b B b "■ • " ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ " t ■ " 68 v:^ Xf pa-S (g>'y3 PASSERIFORMES ■ Tyrannidae Flycatchers Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus borealis 1991-95 = 67 Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus 1991-95 = 165 Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 3 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 1 b b b b b b b b B - - - - - - - - - b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b t - - - - - b b b b t b b t b b b b b B b b b t t t - t t b b b b t b b b b b t b B B b b b b ~ " ~ b b b t B b b b B B B b B B B B b B b b b b B b b b b b b t b b b b b B b b t b b b b B t b B b B B b B B b b b b b b b b b b b B b b t B b b b b b t B B b t b b b b b b B B B b B b b b B b b b B t b b b b b B b b b B b b b b b t b t b b b b b b b b b B B B t B b b B b b b b b B b b b b b b ■ B t t t 69 Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum 1991-95 = 5; 1995 - QLL 16A n = 7 TES Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii 1991-95 = 85 Least Flycatcher Empidonax minimus 1991-95 = 103 Hammond's Flycatcher Empidonax hammondii 1991-95 = 66 - - - - - - - - t - - - - - b b - - - - - - - - b b b b b - - b B B b b t b - t - - b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B B B b b b t t - - - - b b t b b b b t b b t b b t b B B B b B - t b t t - b t b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b ~ b - b - t b B B b b b b b b b b - b b b t t b b B b b b b b b b t b b t b b b b b b b b b t t - b b B b b B B - t b b b b B b b b B b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b t b b B t b b b b B b B b b b t b b b b b ~ ~ B b B b B b B b b b b b b b t b b B b b b B B b - - - - - - - - - b B b b b b b b b B b b B b b - t - - - - - - b b b b b b b b b b B b b b B B b b - - - - - - - B b b b b b b b b b b b B B B t b ~ ~ ~ ~ B B " b 70 Flycatchers Dusky Flycatcher Empidonax oberholseri 1991-95 = 102 Cordilleran Flycatcher Empidonax occidentalis 1991-95 = 32 Eastern Phoebe Sayomis phoebe 1991-95 = 1; 1994 n = 6 - QLL 15A Say's Phoebe Sayomis soya 1991-95 = 91 b b b b b B B b b b - b b - - - - b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b B B B b - B b B - - - - b b b b b b B b b b B b b b b b B B B b b b b - - - - b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B B B B b b b t b b b ■ " b b b B B b B b b B b b - B - B - - - - - b b B b B b b b b b b b t b b ~ b ~ * ~ ~ b b b B B t b - - t - - - - b t b t b t t t - t b b b b b b ~ *■ ~ ~ b b b t t t t - - - t - t t - - - - b b b b b b b b b b h b t B b B B t B b b B t B B b b b t b b t b t b b t t t B b B B b B B b b B b b t b t t b b B B b b b t B b b b b B B B t B B b b B B t b b t b b b b b b b B b b B - B B t B B t B B b b B t b b b t 71 Ash-throated Flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens 1991-95 = 0; 1978 - LL 27 n = 9 Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus 1991-95 = 0; 1972 - LL 45 n = 2 Cassin's Kingbird Tyrannus vociferans 1991-95 = 9 TES Western Kingbird Tyrannus verticalis 1991-95 = 147 t - - - - t - - - t t t - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B b b - B t - - - - - - t - b B B b b t - - b B b B t b b b b b b B b B B b b B b b b b b B b b b B B B b b b B b b t b B b B b b t t B b b b B t b b B b b B b B b b b t t B b t B b B b b B B b t B t B b B B b b b b b b b b b B t t b b B b b B B b b b b t B b t t b B b B b b B t b b B b b b b b b b b b b t t t b 72 Flycatchers, Horned Lark Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus 1991-95 = 232 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus forficatus 1991-95 = 2; 1993 - QLL 18A n = 8 ■ Alaudidae Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris 1991-95 = 235 wwuuuuuwwuww wUWWUUUUUUUW WUUUWWUWUww wwWWwW-UWW WW b B b B B b B t b t b b b t b B b t B B b b b B b b b b t b B b b B B B B t B b b b b B b b t B b t b B b t b B b t B B b b b b B B t b b B b b b b B b b B b b b b t t 6 t B b b B b B B B b t B t t B B B b B b B b b b b B B b b b b b B t b B B b b B b B b B t b B b b B b b B t t b B b B b b B b b B b b b b B b b b B b b b t t B t ------- t - - t t t t - - - - b t t b B b b b b b t b b B b b b B b b b b B b b b b B b t b b B b b b B B b t B b b b B b b t b b t b t b B B b t b B t t b t b b b b B t b B b b b B b B B B t t B b 6 b b B t b B b t b B t b b B b b t t B b b b B b b b B t b b B b b b b B b t B t b B b t B t B B t t b B b B B t b B t b b b b b t b b B t b b b b B b t B 73 ■ Hirundinidae Purple Martin Progne subis 1991-95 = 1; 1995 n = 19 - QLL 12B Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor 1991-95 = 205 Violet-green Swallow Tachycineta thalassina 1991-95 = 146 Northern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis 1991-95 = 106 t t t t t t - t - - - - t t ----- b b t - t t - - t - - - - B B B B b B b B B B t b B b B b b b b t B B B b - B B t B b t b t B B b t b B b t B B B B t B B b B b b B b t b b B b b B b b B b b b t b b t b B B b t B B b B B B B B B b b b b B b b t B b b b t b t b B t b b b B B b B b b B t B B B t b B B b B B b b b b B B b b b B b B B B B b b B B b t B B b b B b B b B b t b b b - t B B b - B B B b t b B b t B t B B t B b B b b b b t b b B t b B b t - t t b B B b b B t b B b t B B 6 b b b B B b B b b t - b b B B - b b b b B t b t B t t b B B t b B B b b b t b B b b B b b b b b B B b b b t b b b B B B b b b b b B - t b t B B b b b b B b b t t b B b b b B B B b b B B b B b B b t b b b b B b t t t b 6 b t b b b t B B b B B b b b b b t B B b b b b b b b b b b t b b b t b b B B t B B b B b b b b b t b b B B b b 74 Swallows Bank Swallow Riparia riparia 1991-95 = 89 Cliff Swallow Hirundo pyrrhonota 1991-95 = 228 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica 1991-95 = 268 t b b b b t B B B b B B B b B B B B b B t b b b b B B b B b b t t B b b b b t B B B 6 b b b b b B b b b B b B b b b b b B b B B B B B B - B B B B B t t b B b b B b b t b b B b B b ~ B t B B B B B b b B b t b B B t B b b t B B b B B B B b B B b b B B B B B B B B b b b b b B b B B B b b B t b b t B t b B b B B B t B b B B b B B b B B B B B t b B B B t B b b B b B b b t B B b B b b B B b B B t B B b B B b B b B b B B b b b B b B b B B b b B B b b B b B b b b B b B b b t B t t b t B t t b B B B B B B B B t b B B B t b B t t b B t b B b B B B B b t B B b B b B B b B B B B b B B b b B b b B B B b B B b b B b B B B b b b B b B t B b b b B b t B B b b b B b b B t B b B B B B B b b B t t b b b b b b b B t b b B b b B B B B t B b B b b B B b t B B b b b B B B b B b b b b B b b t B b t b B t b B B b b B b B b b b B b B B b b B t t B t B B t b B B b B t b b t b b b B B b b b B b t b b B t b b b b B b B B • « 75 ■ Corvidae Gray jay Perisoreus canadensis 1991-95 = 101 www WWW--W www WwWW-w -w Steller's Jay Cyanocitta stelleri 1991-95 = 95 WWW WWW WWWw -- -WWWwW -w B t B B B B t b t B t b B b b - - - - - t - - - t B b b t b B b b B t b b t b B B B b b b t - - - - - b B t b b B b t t b b t b b b b b b t b - - - - - b b b b B B t B t b B t t b - - - - t B b B t t t b b b b B - - - - - - - - - B b t t b b t b b B b b B t b b t B b b b • - - - - - b b b t b t b B b b b b t b t - - - b b t t b b b t b b b 6 t B t b t - - - - B t b Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata 1991-95 = 56 WWW-WWW-WW-- -WWWw-W W W-WW — www- -WWw-W t t t t t B t t t t - t t t t t t t - t b B t t t b t t t t t t t t b t - t t - t t - b t t t t t t t t t t t - - b b t b t - t t t t t t t t t - - b b B t t Pinyon Jay Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus 1991-95 = 29 WW WmWW-WWWWWW WwWW- WWWWW t t - - - - t - - t - - b ■ ~ ~ ~ t t b b b b ~ b B t t t t B b t b t b t b b t b t b t B t b b b b t t B B B b S b b t B B b b - - 76 Jays Clark's Nutcracker Nucifraga columbiana 1991-95 = 174 WWWWW-wW — wwww-wwww--- WWWW-W---W- wmwWWm — w mU b b b B b t b b t t B t t B t b B B b b B t b t b b t b b B b t b b b b t B b t t B b t B b b B b B B B b b t b t t B B B b t b b b B b B B B t t t B t B b b t t ± Black-billed Magpie Pica pica 1991-95 = 279 uwuuuwwuuuuu uuwuuuuwuuuu uwwwwwwuuuu mUWUwUUUUU wU American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos 1991-95 = 196 WW — ww-w — WwWWWwwW WWWM-MWWWMW -WWWwWWW-W -w Common Raven Corvus corax 1991-95 = 271 wuuu wwwwwww wwwwww mWWWmWw — wW t t B B B t b B b B B B B t B B b B B b B B B B B B B b b B B b B B b B t b b B b b B b b b B B t b b B B b b B B B B B B B b b b B B t b B b b B B B B b B b b b b B b B b B b t B b b B B t B b t B b B B B B B B t B b b B b b B t b B b b b b t b t b B b b B b B b b B B B b b B t B B t t t b b t t t t b b b t B b b b t t t b b b B B B b B b t t b B b b t b t b t t t t B b b B b b b B b t b t b B B B B B b B b B b b b b b t t b b b B b b t b b b t b b t b t t b b b b B B B B B B B b b B t t t B t t b t b b b b B b B b B B b b b B b B B B t b t b B b t b b B B b b b B b b B B B b b b b B b B t B t B b b B B B t t b b B b~b b t b t t b B b b b b B B t t B B B t t b B b t b b b B B B_li b t B b t b t b b B t B t t 77 ■ Paridae Black-capped Chickadee Panis atricapillus 1991-95 = 239 WUUwUUUWUUww wwuuwuuuwuww uuuuuuuuuuu wUUUWWUUUU -w b B B B b b b B b B b b B b b b b b B B b b b b B B t B b b b b B B b b B b b B b B b B t B B b t b b B t b b b t t b B B B b b b t t b b b t b B B B b B B b b B b b b b B b b b t b b B B b B t b B B B b b b B B b B B t B t B B b b B t b B b B b b b B b b b b B B f b B B B Mountain Chickadee Parus gambeli 1991-95 = 189 WUUwWw--W- UUUUwUUU- - UUUUwWw- - wUWWUU- - mU Boreal Chickadee Parus hudsonicus 1991-95 = 10 WW- b B B b b B b B b B b b B b b t b b b t B b t t - - b b b b b B b B B b B b B b b B b b t B t b t B b b B B b t t - - - b B b b b B b b b B B b b b t B b b b b B b t B b t - - - - b b b b B B B t t B B B b b B t b b b B - t - b b b B B b b b b b B b B - - - - - - - - - - t b t B - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - 78 Chickadees, Nuthatches Chestnut-backed Chickadee Parus rufescens 1991-95 = 40 WWW WWW wW B b b b b B B B - - - - - - - - - B b b t b b b b b B b B B - - - - - - - - - b b b - - - - - - - - - - - Sittidae Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis 1991-95 = 231 WWWw WW-- WWWW-WWW---W WWWWmWW-mm- -WWWWWWW-W WW White-breasted Nuthatch Sitta carolinensis 1991-95 = 69 WWWW---W-W-- WWW-WWWW---W WWWW-W---W- --WWwWWW-- -w Pygmy Nuthatch Sitta pygmaea 1991-95 = 30 WW- Wm w — WWmW -w — Ww — b B B B b b b B b B b b B B b t t B t t b b t t t t t t B B B b b B b b B b B b B b b B b t t t b t b b b b t B b b b b b t t b - B B B B B B b E b t b B B b b b b b b b b B b b b b t t b t t b b b b b b t b B t B t B b t b b b B t b t B b B b b b b b B b b b B B b B b t B B b t - - t t t t - - b b B t b t t t b b b t b B b b t b t t b t - b b b b b b b b b B b B B b b B B b B t B B - B b t B t B b t b t t b b b B b B B B B b B b - t « b B B B t - - - - - - - - B b b B b t b - - - - - t - - - B B B B b t t - - t - - t - b - t t b b b t - - t - t 79 ■ Certhiidae Brown Creeper Certhia americana 1991-95 = 73 WWW --- WWWwwWW WWWW-W--W-- -wWWwW ■ Troglodytidae Rock Wren Salpinctes obsoletus 1991-95 = 116 w Canyon Wren Catherpes mexicanus 1991-95 = 11 -Ww --W-W Bewick's Wren Thryomanes bewickii 1991-95 = 0; 1973 - QLL 15C n = 2 b b B b b b b b b b b B B - t t t b t t t t t t t b b t t t b B b b t B t t t b - - - - - b b b b t b b b b t b b - - - t t t B t t b t t B B t t t t B t t - b b t b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b b B b b b b B b b b B b b t b b B b b b B b b b b b b b B b b b b B B b b B B b b b B b B b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b B b B b b B b B B b b B b b B t b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b B b b t b b t B B ~ ~ ~ ■ ~ ~ ~ ■ ~ b b ~ ~ B b ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ ~ t b ■ ~ B b b b B b b b b b ~ B t " " t 80 Creeper, Wrens House Wren Troglodytes aedon 1991-95 = 206 w Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes 1991-95 = 60 WW- Ww WW M Sedge Wren Cistothorus platensis 1991-95 = 0; 1981 - LL 12 n = 6 Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris 1991-95 = 57 -w w--- -w W--W w- --W--W b b B b B b b b B B B b b B B B B b B B b b B b B B B t B b t b b B b B b b B b b b B b b B B b b b B B t b B B b b b b B B B B b B B b t t b b b b b t B B B b B B t B B B B t B b b b B b B b B B b B t b b B b B b b B b b t b b B B t b b B t B B B b B b B B b b B b b B b b b B b b b b B b b B B b b b B B B B b B B B b b b B b b b b B b b t - - - - - - - b b b b b b b b b b B b t - t - - - - - b b B B b 6 b t t - b - - - - - b b b t - t t - - - t - t t t b - - - - t b 4 B B b B B b t - - - t b - b B t - t B b - b B t b b b B B b t B b t t - - - t b B t t B b b B b b B t b b - - - - t - - b B b B B b b b b b - - b b t B B 81 ■ Cinclidae American Dipper Cinclus mexicanus 1991-95 = 106 WWW WW-WW--W wwww mmWWwU MM B B B B B b B b b b B b B b - - - - - t - - B B B b B b t B b B B t b B b b b b t t - - - - B B B b B B b B B B B t b B b t t b B t - - - - - t B t b b B t b t B B B B b - - - - b B B B ■ Muscicapidae Golden-crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa 1991-95 = 104 WW-w M-- WWWw • WWwW-w --Wmmm--- Ruby-crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula 1991-95 = 156 Ww- -w- M- --W- B b B B b b b B b b b b b b b t b t t t t t t t t t - t b B b b B b B b b b b b b b t t b t t - - - t t b b b b B b b b b b t b b b b B t t B t - - t t - b b b B b t b b t b b - t t - t - b b b b b b b b B B B b B t b t t t t t b b b b b b t t t b b b B b b b t b B E B b b b t - t - t b b B b b b t b b t b b b b b b b t b b b b B b B B B B b - - - t t b b b b b b b b b b B t b b b t b B B b B b B b B b B - t - b b b B B b b 82 Dipper, Kinglets, Bluebirds Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 41C n = 2 SI Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis 1991-95 = 4; 1994 n = 21 QLL 34C Western Bluebird Sialia mexicana 1991-95 = 29 Mountain Bluebird Sialia currucoides 1991-95 = 267 WW W-- w w --W--W I lt I I - - t - - - - - - B B t t - - - - - t - - - - - b - - - - - - - - - B B t - - - t - - - B B - B - - B b B B b - - t - - - - - - b B t B b t B B - b - - - - - - - - b b t b B t B t t B B t - - - - - - - - B t - - t - - - - - - - t « B B B B b B b B b B b B B B B B B b b b B B t B B t b t t b t b t b t b t B B 6 t B B b b B b B b B B B B b B t B b t B B B B b B t b t B B b B B b B t 6 B B t b B B B b b B B b B B B B b b B b b b B B B b b B b B b B B b b b B B B b b B B B B B b B B t t B B B t t b B b t B B t t B B B B b b b B B b B B b b b B B B B 83 Townsend's Solitaire Myadestes townsendi 1991-95 = 150 WWW-W---WW-- UUmUU-UU-m-U WWWWww U wWWUwUWU- - w- b b B b B b b B b B b b B B b t b b b t t t b t t t t t - t b b B b b B B t B B B b t B b B b b t b t B b b b b b t t t t t t b B b b B B b t b b B b t t b B b b b b B t b b t - b b b - b b b B t b b B t b B B t b b t t b t t b b t b B b b t b B B b i # I * ■« Veery Catharus fuscescens 1991-95 = 78 Gray-cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus 1991-95 = 2; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 18 b b b b b b B b b b b B b t b b b b b b b b t b t b b b b b b b b B b b b B b - - - b b b t b b b b b b b b b t b b B B b b b b b - t t t b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b B B B b b b - t b b t t t - t t t t t t - t - - t - - - - 84 Thrushes Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus 1991-95 = 128 Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus 1991-95 = 79 Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina 1991-95 = 0; 1981 - LL 43 American Robin Tardus migratorius 1991-95 = 395 WW wWW-w WWW-WWWWW--W UUUUmUmUUWU UwUUwWUUU- b b B b b b b 6 B b b b B b b b b t b t t t B - t t t t t t t b B B b b B b B b B b b b t B b b t b b B b b b - t t t b b B b b b B b B b b b b t b b b b b b b b t t t t - b b b b t t B b B B b t b b b t b t t t t - B b B b b b b b b B B - b - - - t t - - b b b b b b t t b b B t b b b b b b b b b - t - t b b t b b b b b b b b b b B B B b B b - - - - - b b b b b b b b t b b B b B B t b b b b b b ~ ~ - - b b b b b t - - t - t - - 4 b B B B b B b B b B b B B b B b B B b b B b b B B b b b B b b b B b B b t B B B B b b b B t b B B b b b B b t B b B b B B B 6 B B b b B B B B b b b b b B B B b B b b b b b B B B B t B b b B t b B B B b b B B b b B B B B b B B b b b B B b B B B B b B b B b b B B b b B B b b b b B b b B t b b B B t t B B B B t b B b B b b B t B B t b B B b b b b B b t b b B t b b b B B B B 85 Varied Thrush Ixoreus naevius 1991-95 = 82 w — w — w — www wUw --W--W ■ Mimidae Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis 1991-95 = 139 -w w Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos 1991-95 = 8 w --W Sage Thrasher Oreoscoptes montanus 1991-95 = 31 B b B b b b B B B - t - - - t - - - b b b b b b t t t b b B b t B b b b t - - - - - - - b b b b b t B b t t t b b t t - - - - - - . b b t b b b t t t " t ~ - t - - - - t - t B b b B b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b B b b b b t B t b b b b b B t b b b b b b b b b b b b t b t b t b B t b b b b - B B b b b b B B b b B b t b B t b b B b b t b b b b t B b b b B B b B b b b t - b B b B B B b B t t b B b b b B b t b b b b b b b b b b - t - t B t t - t t - - - t - - t - - t - t - - t - b t t t t - B t t - - t - t t - - t - - t - t - - - t - b B b t - t b b b ■ " t ~ b - - b b B t - b t b b b t t b B b b b B b B b b b b t b B b b b b b b B b b b B B b b b t b B b b 86 Thrashers, Pipits Brown Thrasher Toxostoma rufum 1991-95 = 57 w — W ■ Motacillidae American Pipit Anthus nibescens 1991-95 = 51 -w -W w ---W-w Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii 1991-95 = 37 ■ Bombycillidae Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garmlus 1991-95 = 64 uuw-uuwwwuuw UUUWWUUWUUwW UWUUwUWUUwU WWwUmUUUWW w- b b b t b b b b b - - - - B B B b B B b B b b B b b t t B b t b t t B B B t t b b b b B b B B B b B b b b t t " t t b b B b b b b B B b b b b t b b b ' t B B B b b B b b - - b b b b B t t t t - t t - t b t t b b t t t t t t t t t b t ~ t t ~ t t t t t t t b b B t b B B t t t t t b t t t t t t t t t b B B B B b B B B t t t - t t t b b B t B b b b b t b b " " b b b b b b b b b B b b b B b b b b b ' t ~ B b b b B b b t b b b - - - b t B b B b b t - b b b b ~ ~ b ~ b - t - b b t ' ■ « t B t t t B - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 87 Cedar Waxwlng Bombycilla cedrorum 1991-95 = 167 WW--W---WW-- wwwww-W WWWU--MWMM- wWWW-WWW-- ww ■ Laniidae Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor 1991-95 = 89 UUWmUU-wwW-m WUUUWWWWmUUU UWWUmUUUUmw wUUUUUWUWW w- B t B B b b B 6 B b b B b b b b t b B b b b B b b b B B t B t B b b t b b b b b B b b B b B b t b b B b b b t b b b b b b B B b b - t t t b b b b b t B B B b B b t B B t b b B b b t t b B b t t t B b B b b b b t b B b b B t B B B t b b b B b b b b b b b B t t t t t tttttttttttt t t__t _t _t_t t t t t t t t tttttttttttt t_ t_ t_ _t t t t t t t t ttttttttttt t_ _t t_ t__t _t t t tttttttttt t t t I It I I I t t Loggerhead Shrike Lanius ludovicianus 1991-95 = 70 SI •WW- b t t t t t t b b t b t B b b B B b B b b b b B b B b b B B B B b b t B t t - b t t b t B B t B b B t B t B B B B t B b B B b t b t t b t b B b b B b b b B b t b B t B B t B t t b b b b B b B t b B b - t t t 88 Sturnidae Shrikes, Starling, Vireos European Starling Sturnus vulgaris 1991-95 = 262 (introduced) UUU-UUUWUW-U WUUUUwW-U-ww WWWW--WWWW- -www-www-w WW ■ Vireonidae Solitary Vireo Vireo solitarius 1991-95 = 101 Cassin's Vireo Vireo solitarius cassinii b b B b b t t B b B B t b B b t B B B b B b B b B b b B B b b B t B b B B b B b B B t B t b B t b b B b b B B b b B B b B t B B b b b B t t B B B b B B b b b b b b b t B b b B t B B B B b b b B t B B b b t b B B B b b B b b B B b B B b B b B B t b B B B t t B B b B b b b b b t b b b b b b b B B b - t t - - - t - t B b b B b b t b b b B b b b b b B b B b - b t b - - t b b b b b b b t B B b b b b b b b b B B b - b - b b b b - b b b b b B b b b b t b b b b b b b b - b b b b B B b b b ■ - t Plumbeous Vireo Vireo solitarius plumbeus - t - - - - - - - - - - - B - t - - - - - - - - t t - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I I I I b Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus 1991-95 = 173 b b b b b b B B B b b b B b b b b b b b b b b B b t b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b B B B b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b B b b b B b b b b b B B B B B b b b b b b b b b b B b b b B b B b b B b b B B B b b b b b b B B B B B b b b b B b b b b b b b b b B 89 Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 12B n = 4 Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus 1991-95 = 48 ■ Emberizidae Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 26A n = 1 Tennessee Warbler Vermivora peregrina 1991-95 = 9 SI t t - t t b t b b B B B - b b B b b b b b b b b b b b t b B t t b b b B b B b b b b b B t b t t - B b b b b B B b b b b t B b B - b t b t t t b b b b b B b b b B b b b - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b b b B b - - t - t t t t t b t - b ~ ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ t t t t t t t - - - t t t - t t t - - t ~ t t t ~ t - t 90 Vireos, Warblers Orange-crowned Warbler Vermivora celata 1991-95 = 97 Nashville Warbler Vermivora mficapilla 1991-95 = 36 Northern Parula Parula americana 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 3A n = 5 Yellow Warbler Dendroica petechia 1991-95 = 261 B b b b b b b b B - b t b t t t - t b b b b b b t t t b b b B b b b b t b B b b t b t b - t t t b b b t b b t t b b b b b b b B b b b - - t t t t b b b t b b b b B t t b b b b b t ~ - - t - b b B b b b B B b - - - - - - - - t b b b b b t b b B b b b b b b b ■ ~ ~ ~ ~ - - - t b b b b b - - - - - - t t - b t b b t t b t t t - - t - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - « b b b b b b b b b b b b B B B B B B B B b B B B b b b B b b b b b b b b b B t t B b t b b b b B B B b b b b b b b B b B B B B B b B b b B B b b b b b b b b B t b b b b b t b b B b b b 6 b b b b t t b b b b B B B B B B B b B B B B b t b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b B b B b b b b b t b b b b b B B B B B B B B B b t b B b B b b b b b b b b b B B B b 91 Chestnut-sided Warbler Dendroica pensylvanica 1991-95 = 0; 1990 - QLL 12B n = 7 Magnolia Warbler Dendroica magnolia 1991-95 = 4; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 16 Cape May Warbler Dendroica tigrina 1991-95 = 3; 1994 - QLL 10D n = 8 Black-throated Blue Warbler Dendroica caerulescens 1991-95 = 0; 1980 - LL 41 n = 3 t t - t - t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t - t t t t - t _t t t t t 92 Warblers Yellow-rumped Warbler Dendroica coronata 1991-95 = 233 MW -WW -W --WW- B b B b B b b B b b b b B b B b b b b B t b t t b b t t t t t t t t t b B B b b B b b B b B b b b b B b b t t t b b b b b b b b b t b t t t b b B B b b b B b b b B B b b b b B b b b b B b t b b t b b b b B b b b B B b B t b B b B b b b B t t t t B b b B b b b t b b b b b b B B b Audubon's Warbler Dendroica coronata auduboni Myrtle Warbler Dendroica coronata coronata b b b b b b B t b b b b b t t t b t b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b B b b b b b b b t b b b b b t t t t t t_ t t t r£LLOW-RUMP£p ^'AK5L£R. Black-throated Gray Warbler Dendroica nigrescens 1991-95 = 1; 1994 - QLL 30C n = 4 _t t - - t - - - - 93 Townsend's Warbler Dendroica townsendi 1991-95 = 70 Black-throated Green Warbler Dendroica virens 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca 1991-95 = 1; 1991 - QLL 9C n = 7 Yellow-throated Warbler Dendroica dominica 1991-95 = 0; 1982 - LL 41 n = 1 b b b b b b B B B - t - - - t - - - B b b b b b t b b b B b t t B B B B t - - t - - - - b b b b t b b b b B t t - - - - - t - b b t t b b b t t t t t t - - - - - - t t - - - - t t t--t _t t - - t - - - - t . - - - 94 Warblers Pine Warbler Dendroica pinus 1991-95 = 2; 1995 n = 4 QLL 6C _t t t - - t - - - - Prairie Warbler Dendroica discolor 1991-95 = 0; 1973 - LL 10 n = 1 Palm Warbler Dendroica palmarum 1991-95 = 6; 1995 - QLL 5D n = 21 t ttttt t__t t t - t - - - - t - - t 4 Bay-breasted Warbler Dendroica castanea 1991-95 = 0; 1981 - LL 41 n = 5 t - - - t - - t - - t - - - - 95 Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata 1991-95 = 11 Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia 1991-95 = 6 SI American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla 1991-95 = 96 Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea 1991-95 = 0; 1981 - QLL 27B n = 1 tt--tt--tttt .t t_ t t t t - t t - t t - t t t t t t - _t t t - t t - - t t t t " t t " t t t t t ~ B t b b - - - t t - - - - - t b - - - - - - - - b t - - - t - - t - b - b - t b b B b b b b B b b b b B b b b b b t b t B b b t t t b t b t B b b b b B b B b B b b b t b b t b b B t b b b - - b b b B b b B b b B t b b t b b b t b b t b b b B b b b t b t B b B t b b B b b t b B b b b b b t b - b 96 Warblers Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapillus 1991-95 = 33 Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis 1991-95 = 85 Kentucky Warbler Oporornis formosus 1991-95 = 0; 1979 - LL 10 n = 1 Connecticut Warbler Oporornis agilis 1991-95 = 2; 1994 - QLL 14D n = 5 b ~ t b b b b ~ b b t t b b b b t b - - t b b b b b B b b b ■ t b b b b - - b b - b - t - b b ~ b b b b - - b b b b b b b b b B - - - b b b b b b B B B b t t - b t t t t b b b b b b b t t b b b B b b b b b b b b b b t ~ b t ~ " " t B b t b b b B b B t b b t b b b B ~ ~ t t t " b b B b b b B b B b b b t * ~ ■ t b - b # t t t 97 Mourning Warbler Oporomis Philadelphia 1991-95 = 2; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 4 MacGillivray's Warbler Oporomis tolmiei 1991-95 = 139 Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas 1991-95 = 181 Wilson's Warbler Wilsonia pusilla 1991-95 = 92 t t b b b B b b B B B b B t b t t t - t b b b b b b B b t t b b b b B b b b t b B B B b b b b - - t t b b b b b t t b b b b b b b b b b b b B B B b B b - - t t t B b b b b b t b b b t t b b t b B B B B b t b b b t b b - - - b B B b B b b b b b b B b b b B b b B b b b B b B b b t B b b b b B B t b b b b b B b b b b b b B b b B B b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b B t B b b b t b b b t t b B b b b B B b B b b B t b b B b b b b B b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b B b B b b B b t B B t b b b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b t b b B B b B b b b b b b B B b b b B b b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t b b b b b b b t b b B b t b t t t - t t t t t t t b b b b b b b b b t b t b t t t t t t t t t b b b b B t b t t t b b t t b b t t t - - t b b B B b 98 Warblers Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis 1991-95 = 2; 1993 - QLL 6C n = 6 Painted Redstart Myioborus pictus 1991-95 = 0; 1987 - QLL 26A n = 1 Yellow-breasted Chat Icteria virens 1991-95 = 50 Summer Tanager Piranga rubra 1991-95 = 0; 1981 - LL 41 n = 2 t - - - - t - - - t _t t_ t B b b - - b b B b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b - B b - - b b B b b t b b b b b b b b t b - b b b b b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b t B b b b B b b B b b b b b b b - b t t - - - - 99 Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea 1991-95 = 4; 1995 n = 10 QLL 12B Western Tanager Piranga ludoviciana 1991-95 = 162 t X t t t t t t t b b b b b b B B B - b - B b t t - - B b b B b b b b b b B b b b b 8 B B B b b B B b - - t b B b b b b t b b b b b B b b b B b B b b b B B B B b b t t - t - b B b B b b b b b b b b B t b b b b b t b b b B B t B b b B b B B B b b b b b b B b b b Rose-breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus 1991-95 = 8 -w--- t t ttttt--tttt t t t - t - - t t t - t - - - t - t t - _t t t t t b - - - - _t I I I I I 100 Tanagers, Grosbeaks, Buntings Black-headed Grosbeak Pheucticus melanocephalus 1991-95 = 128 Blue Grosbeak Guiraca caerulea 1991-95 = 0; 1975 n = 3 LL 41 Lazuli Bunting Passerina amoena 1991-95 = 149 Indigo Bunting Passerina cyanea 1991-95 = 9 b b b B b b b B B b b b b b b b t b t b b b b t b B b b B t b b b b B b B b b t t B b B B b b b b b b b B B - b t b b b B B B b t B b t b B t t b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b B b b b b b b b b B B b b b b b b B b b t b b b b b b b b b b B b B b - B b t b - - - - b b b b t b t b B b b b b B b t B b b b b b b b b b t b b t b b B b b t b b b b b B b b t b B b b b b b b b b b t B b t b b b b b t B b t t B B b b b b b b b b b B b t t B b B b b b B b b t b b b b b B b b b b b b B b B b B B b B B b b t B b b b b b b b b b b B b b « t t b b b b - - - b - - - b t_ L b t t - - - - b - - t - b t t t - b b b - b _t b I I I I I I 101 Dickcissel Spiza americana 1991-95 = 0 n = 15 TES Green-tailed Towhee Pipilo chlorurus 1991-95 = 49 Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus 1991-95 = 171 (formerly Rufous-sided Towhee) Ww W- WWW --W--W American Tree Sparrow Spizella arborea 1991-95 = 70 WW-wWWw-WW-w wWWUU-WwW--w UWWUwwwWWw- wWWWwWWWwW WW - - - - - - - - - b b b - - - - - - - - - - - b - - - - - - b b b B - - - - - - - b - - b - - - - t - - - b - - - - - b b ~ ~ "■ " ■ ~ b b t - - - b b t ~ b t B b b B b b - - - - - b b t t b b b b b ~ b B B B b B b B b B b t b ~ - - b b B b b b b B B b b b b t b b b b b b b B b b b B b b b b B B b B B B b b b b b b b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b B B b B b b B b b t b b b B t b B B b t B t b b t b b B b b b b b b b t b b b b b b b B b b b b b b B t b B B b B b b b t b b b B b B b b b b b b B b b b B b b t b t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t 102 Towhees, Sparrows Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina 1991-95 = 250 -W -W-- w Clay-colored Sparrow Spizella pallida 1991-95 = 78 Brewer's Sparrow Spizella breweri 1991-95 = 71 B B B b b b B B b b B B b B t b B B B b B B B b b B b B B b B b b B B B B b b b b b b b B b B b B B b b b t B b b b b b B b t b 6 B b b b b B b B B b b t b b b b b B b B b B B b B b B t B t b b b t b B b B B b b b B b b B b b B B t b b b B b b b b b b b b b b - b b B b B b b B B B B b b b t B b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b ~ B ~ b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b ~ b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b t b b b B b t b b b b b b ~ t ♦ t b b b b b B B t b b b B b B B b t b b b b b b b b b b t B b - B b - b b b b B B b B B b b b b b t b b b b b B B b B b B b b b B t t b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b t b B b B B b B B B b B b B b b b B B b 103 Field Sparrow Spizella pusilla 1991-95 = 21 Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus 1991-95 = 249 Lark Sparrow Chondestes grammacus 1991-95 = 124 Black-throated Sparrow Amphispiza bilineata 1991-95 = 0; 1975 - LL 25 n = 2 - t - - - - - - t b b b b b b . . . t b t b b b B t b b b b b ~ ~ ~ " * ~ ~ b b b b B B b b b ~ ~ " ~ t ~ - b b b b - - B B t b t b B b b B B t b b b b b b B b b B B b b B B b b b b b b B b t b b b b t B b b b B b b B t b B b b b B B b b B b B b b B t b b t b b B t b b B b B b B b b b b b b b b b B B b b B B b B b B B b b b B b b b t B b B b b b b B b B b b b b b b b b b B b b B B b B b B b b B b B B t b B b B B b b B t b B b b b b b b t b b B t b b b b B B B B B t b b b b - b B b B b B b B b b B b b b b b B b b B B - b b b t t B b t b b t t b t b b b B t t b B b b b b b b b B B b B b b B b b b B t B B b b b b b b B b B B t b b B b b B b B B t - b b b B b b B 6 B t B b t B b B b b B b b b b B b t b b b t b t b t - - - 104 Sparrows Sage Sparrow Amphispiza belli 1991-95 = 0; 1984 n = 10 LL 35 Lark Bunting Calamospiza melanocorys 1991-95 = 122 Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis 1991-95 = 169 Baird's Sparrow Ammodramus bairdii 1991-95 = 40 TES - - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - t - - - - - t - - - t - - - - - B - - b b - - - - - - - - t t t b t b b b t B b t B B b b b b b b b b b b t b B b b B B B t B b b b B b t t - B B b t b B t b b t t b B t t B b B b B b B B B t t B b b b t t t t b b b b b b b b b b b B b B B b b B b b b B b - t b B b t t B B B B B b b b B t b B b b b b B b t b b B t b t t b b b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b B t b B B b b B t b b B t b B b b b t t b b b t b B b b B b b b B t b B b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b B b b B b b b b t B b B B B b b b b b B b t b b b b b b b b B B B • b b b b b B t t b b b b b b b b b b t b b b b b b b B B b - t - b B t b - b b b b b b b t b b t - - t b b - ~ b ■ b b b b b b - ~ ■ ~ b ~ ~ ~ b b b - - 105 Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum 1991-95 = 56 Le Conte's Sparrow Ammodramus leconteii 1991-95 = 3; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 20 TES Nelson's Sharp-tailed Sparrow Ammodramus nelsoni 1991-95 = 1; 1995 - QLL 12B n = 4 TES (formerly Sharp-tailed Sparrow) Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca 1991-95 = 55 WW — U W-- ---W b b b b b b t b t b b - b B b b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b t " B t t b B t b B b b b b b b t b b b b b b - - b b b b b b B t b b b b b b b B b b b ~ ~ b ~ b b b B b b b b t t - t B b - - - - - t - - B b - - - - - - - - - - - - t - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - t t - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B b - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - b b b b b b b B B - - t - - t t - - b b b b b t t t b B t t b B b b b t t ■ t - - - - - b t t b b b b b - - t - t - t b b b t b b b b ~ t t ~ ~ ~ b b b 106 Sparrows Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia 1991-95 = 229 WW---W---W-- WWW-w-W WWWW---W-W- -WWWwW-W-- -w B b b b b b b b b B B B B b B B b b b b b b b b b b b b b b B b b b b b b t b b b B b b b t b b b b b t t b B B B b B B B b b t b b b b b b B b b t t b b b b B b b b b b b b b B B B B b b b b b b b B b b b b b B b b b b b b b b b b b B B b b b B b B b B b b b B . t t B t|B B b b b /^' b b b b B B b / / » ' 5<^^. iif Lincoln's Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii 1991-95 = 76 Swamp Sparrow Melospiza georgiana 1991-95 = 3; 1995 - QLL 5D n = 11 -W- B b b b t b B b - - t - t t t - t b b b b t t B t t b t b b t b t t • t t " t t t t b b b t b b B b b t b t - t t t - t b b b b b b b b t t b t b B b b b b b - - t t B b|b It b t b B B t B 4 t t_ t_ t t t ------ t - t I I 11 I I 107 White-throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis 1991-95 = 28 wW -w www --WW-W Golden-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia atricapilla 1991-95 = 4; 1995 - QLL 41A n = 8 w W-- t t t t t - - t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t " t ~ t t t ~ t t t ~ t ■* - t t t t t t t ~ ~ t t t t - t t t - t - - - t ~ - t t t t White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys 1991-95 = 120 WW — w • --W ■ W--W ■ --wW-w -w b b B b b B b b t b b B b b b b b t t t t B t b t t t t t t t t b b B b t b t b t t t B t t b b b B b b t t t t t t t b t b b b b b t t b b b b B b B t t t t t t t b b b B B b B t t b b B B b B b b b t t t t b b b b B B B Harris' Sparrow Zonotrichia querula 1991-95 = 32 WW---W--W--W -WWW--W UUww Ww- wWWwW t t t t t ~ ~ t t t t t t t "■ t t t t ~ t t ~ t t ~ t t ~ t t t t t t t t t - - t t t - t t t t " t t ~ ~ t t ~ " " - t 108 Sparrows, Juncos Dark-eyed Junco Junco hyemalis 1991-95 = 246 WWW-W---WW-W WWW-w-W w UUUU--WWUW- -www-w-w-w -w B B B B B B b B B b b b B B b b b b B t t t b b t t t t t t t t b b B b b B b b B B B B B B b B b B t B t b t b b b B b b b t t t t t t 6 B B B b B B B B B B B B b b b B b b b B B b B B B t b t b b t b b b B B b b B b 8 t t b b B B B t b b b t t b t B t B b t 8 8 b b b B B B Slate-colored Junco Junco hyemalis hyemalis Oregon (Montana) Junco Junco hyemalis oreganus t t t t__t _ Pink-sided Junco Junco hyemalis meamsi t t t t t b t McCown's Longspur Calcarius mccownii 1991-95 = 39 t b b b t t b B t b b t t b b b b b - t - - - - - - b - - b b - - - - - t " " Grey-headed Junco Junco hyemalis caniceps (none) White-winged Junco Junco hyemalis aikeni (none) b b b 8 B b 8 ~ ~ b b b b 8 b b b b 8 B b b b b t b B b ~ " " 8 b B 8 8 t ~ b b ~ b b b 8 ~ ~ ~ B b b b B b 8 B ~ b b ~ B B ~ b b b ~ B b " b ~ ~ t b " 109 Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus 1991-95 = 21 t t t t t - t t t - t t t t t t - t t t t t - t t - t t t t 1 1 1 X X < XL X C X < c X > X • XL < X < < X XL XL XXX X XL < t t t t t t t t t t t t --WWMW-MWW t - t t t t t t t - - - Smith's Longspur Calcarius pictus 1991-9S - n- 1977 - 1 1 ^^ - - - - - - - - - - - - n = 4 - - - - - - - - - - t - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - t t - - t - - - Chestnut-collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus 1991-95 - f^fK - t b t b B b b B b B B B b b b b b b b t b B b b b b B b b b B b - - t t B B b b b B B B b B b b b t B b b B b - - - t t b b b B B B b b b b b b -- - b b - B b B B b b b t B b - - Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis 1991-95 = 33 t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t WWWUUUUUwUWW wWWWWWWWWUwW wWWW-wWwwwM t t t t t t t t t t t t t t wwWmmmWWW- wW t t t 4- t t t t t t t t 110 Longspurs, Blackbirds Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus 1991-95 = 98 Red-winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus 1991-95 = 306 WUW-W-w-wUw- -Ww — w w WWmW — www- w-WW-W -w Western Meadowlark Stumella neglecta 1991-95 = 328 UW--WW--WW-- -W--W W--W-W-WWWW -wWw-W -w Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus 1991-95 = 153 -w -w W-w U t b t b b b B b t t b b b b b b b b b b b b b t b t b b t b t b B B b b b B b b b b b b t t b b t b t t B b b b t b b b b t t B B b B B b b b - t b b b b b b b b b b b b b b t b B B b b B b B b B b B b b b b - t b b B b b B b B b b B b b B B B t B B b B B B b t B b t B b t b B b t b B B b b b B B b B B b b B b b B b b b B t t B B b b b b B b B B B B B B B B b b b b b b B b b B t B B b b B b b b b B b B b t b b B t b t b b B B b B t b b b B B b B b b b b b B b t B t b B B B b B B B b b B b b B b b B b b B t t b b B b b B B b b B t b B t b b B B b b B b b B B b B b B b t B b b b B t b b b B b B B b b b b B B B B b b B b b B B b b B t t b b B b b b b B t B B b b B B B b b b b b b B b b b B B B b b B b b b b B b b b B b t t b B B b b b b B B b B b B b b b t B t b B B b b B B b b B b t B b t b B 6 B B B B b b B b b t t B b b b b B b t b b B b b B t b B b b B t b B B t b B b B B B B b t t B t t b b B B B B b b B B t B b b B b t b B t b B b b b B B B b B b b b b t B b b B b B t t B b b B t b B B b t b B b b B b B B B b b B b b 111 Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus 1991-95 = 8 -W--W---WW-- ---w --Ww-W — w Brewer's Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus 1991-95 = 278 mmUm w — ---w-W W--W WM --Ww-W-w-- Common Crackle Quiscalus quiscula 1991-95 = 122 W-- w w M --WW-W Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater 1991-95 = 251 ■W---W- -w ■w — W-- ttt-tt--ttt- _t t t t - - t t t - t t - t t t t - t - - - - t b B t b B t B b b t b t b b b t b b B b b B B b b b B b b b b b b t b b B b b b b t B B b b t B b b b B t b B b b b b b b B B b B t B B t b b b b b b b B t b b B b B b b b b b B B t B b B t b B B B b b E B b b b B t b b b B b b b t B b b b b b b b B B b b b b b b b b t b b B b b B b b B b B B B B t t b B b t B B b b B t b b B b b b b B b t b b b t b b b b B B b t t t b t b b b b b b b t B b b B b t B t B b b b b b B b - t b - t B b b b b B t b b t b b b t b b b b b b b b t b b b B t b t t t t t b B 8 B B b t b B b b t b B b B b b B B b - b B t B b B t t t B t b B B b B b t B b b B b b b b B t t b b B t b t - b b B B b b B b b b b B b b b b b b b B b b B B b b b B b b B b b B b b B t B B b b b b B b b b B b t b B b b B B b t b B B b b t B B t b b b t b b b B b b B b b b b b b t b B b B b b b B B b b B b b B B b b B b B b b b b B b b B B b t b B t b b B b b B B B b b b B b B b B B t B B B b 6 b t B b t B b b B b b B b b t b b B t b b b b B b B B 112 Orioles Orchard Oriole Icterus spurius 1991-95 = 8 Northern Oriole let ems spp. 1991-95 = 130 (split into Bullock's and Baltimore) _ _ _ . . . . . t b t b t B b - - - - - - - - b b b b B . . . . . . b b b b t b . . . b t t b - - b b B B b b t b b B B b b B b B B t B B B B b b B t b b B b b t b b t B b b b B B t b b B b b b b B t t b B b b t b b b B B B B B B t B B t B B b b t b b b b B b B B b b B b B b t b b B b B B B B B t b B b B b B B B t b B b b b b B B b t t Bullock's Oriole Icterus bullockii Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula b - - - b b b - b b b - b - b b b b b b b B b b b b b b b b - b B t - b b b b b b b b b b b b b - b b b - b b b b B b b b b b b - - b b b b t b b b t 113 ■ Fringillidae Brambling Fringilla montifringilla 1991-95 = 2; 1993 - QLL 2D n = 3 -W- Black Rosy-Finch Leucosticte atrata 1991-95 = 10 •--w -ww-w -wWW-W-w-W -W Grey-crowned Rosy-Finch Leucosticte tephrocotis 1991-95 = 36 UUU-UWU-ww-M -WwWwWww — W W-WWW--WWW- -WWUwUUWUU -w Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator 1991-95 = 66 WWW-W-W-WW-- WWW-wWW-w--- WWWW--W---W wwWWwW -W t - - - - - - - t t - - - - - - t - - - - t - - B B t t B B - - - - t - t B B b B t B B t - t - - B B b B t t B B t B B ~ t t t " t t t ■ t t t b t t t b t B t t b t t - t t - t t b b t b t t t t t " t " t t t t t t t t ~ t ^ B b b b b b b B b b b b b b b t b t t - t t t t - - b b b b b b b b t t t t t t t - t t - t b t b b b t t t t t t b b b t - - - - t t B t t b t B b t - - - - - B b 114 Finches Purple Finch Carpodacus purpureas 1991-95 = 6 -w WW-- -w W-- --WW-W Cassin's Finch Carpodacus cassinii 1991-95 = 134 WWW W--- WWW---W WWW -wWW-W-W-- -w House Finch Carpodacus mexicanus 1991-95 = 110 -w • WW--W-W WWW ■ --WW-W Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra 1991-95 = 137 WWWW--W-W--- WWW-WWW W WWWW-W w --W--W---W -W t t t - - - - - - t t t - t - t - - - - t - - - - - - t t t - - - - - t t - - - t t - t - - - - - t b b b b b b B B b - - - b - - - - - B b b b b b t t b b b B t b b B b b b b B - - - - - b b b b t b t b b b B B B b b B b b b B B b b b b - - - - - b b b t b b b b b t t t B b B b b B B B b b - b - - t t t t B b b b B B b b t b - b - - - - - - t t - - t B t t t b B t b t b - t - - b - t - - - - - b b t B B t b t B b t t B t t B B b t - - - t - - - B B t b t b b b b B b t b B B b - b B t b b B B - t t - b < b b b b b b b b B b t b - b t t t - - B b b B b b b t b b b b b b t b b t b b b b b b b b t - - b b b b b b b b t b b b b t b B b t t t B B b b b b b b B b b B b t t b b b t b b b b t B b t b b t B b b B B B B B t B t B t B b b B B ■ b 115 White-winged Crossbil Loxia leucoptera 1991-95 = 33 WWW W-- www W-- w-w --W--W--- Common Redpoll Carduelis flammea 1991-95 = 51 UUWUUUwwWUww WWWWWWUU-WwW UUUUWWWWMW- UUWUwUWUWW -w Hoary Redpoll Carduelis hornemanni 1991-95 = 10 Www wW-- -ww — w w W-WW--W --W-WW-W-- Pine Siskin Carduelis pinus 1991-95 = 233 WWWW--WWWW-- www-w-w WWWW-WW--W- - www- www- w -w b b b b b b bbb--t--tt-- __b__b_b_ b _t b b b ttbtt-t-t--- b t t t t t t t - b b - - - t - b t b b - t - - - t I I 1 1 I t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t ~ t t t t t t t t t t t t t - t t t t t ■ t t t t t t t t - - t t t t t - t t_ _t t_ t t - - t - t - - - - t _t t t t t t - t - - t - t t - t t - t - - b b B B b B b B b B b b B b b b b t b B t t b t t t t t - t b b B b b B b t B b B b t b t b b b t t B t b t b b b b B b b b t b t L - t t b B B B b b B b b t B B b b b t b t b b b B B t b b t B B b - b b b b b b b b b b B t b t B t B t B B b t b b b t B t b t b b b b b b b b b b b B B B 116 Redpolls, Siskin American Goldfinch Carduelis tristis 1991-95 = 212 WW Www-w UWmw -wWW-w t b b t b b b t b b t b b b b b t t b b b b B b b b b b t b b b b b t b b b b B t t b b b B b t b b t b B b b b b B t b b b b b b b B t b B b b b b t t b b b b b t b b B B b b b t B B t b b B b b t t B b b t t B b b b t b b b b b b b b b b b b B b t B t B b B t B b B B b B t b b t B b B b b b b b b b b b b b b b t b Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustes vespertinus 1991-95 = 141 WWW-wWmWWW-w WWW- WWW-W- -- WWWW-W-W--W -mWW-W-WmW Passeridae t t b B b t t B t B t B b b B t t t t t t t t t t - b t B b t b b b B t B b t t b t b t t t B b b t t t b b B B b b B b t B b t b B b b t b t t b t t t t t t t b b t b b B t b B t B B b b b t b t b t t t b b House Sparrow Passer domesticus 1991-95 = 170 wwwwwwwwwwww WWWWWWWwWwWW WWWWwwWWWWW -WWWwWWWWW -w t B B B B B B B b B b b B B B B B B B b B b b b t B b B B b 6 B B b b B b B b t b B b B t B B b t b B B B b b b b B b B b B t B B b b t b B B B B b B B B t b b B B b b b b t B b B b B b b B b b t b b b t b B b B B t B B t b B b B b b b b b b b B B B b b b 117 c(!in:h Appendix A. Threatened, Endangered and Sensitive Species (TES) and Species Requiring Supplemental Information (SI) Detailed information, especially breeding records, is requested for all of the species found in this Appendix (for information format, see Sensitive Species on pages 10 - 11). Species considered threatened, endangered or sensitive (TES) in Montana or throughout their range are listed below. Species assigned to this category are one of the following: federally recognized endangered or threatened species under the Endangered Species Act; U.S. Forest Service sensitive species, as assigned by the Regional Forester; or species of special concern, recognized by the Montana Natural Heritage Program. These lists are subject to change. For current information, contact the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, or Montana Natural Heritage Program. Species for which supplemental information (SI) is requested are also listed below. These are generally species that are poorly known in the state or have unique breeding habits that warrant further study. "TES" Species Common Loon Clark's Grebe American White Pelican* Black-crowned Night-Heron* White-faced Ibis* Trumpeter Swan Harlequin Duck Bald Eagle (T) Northern Goshawk Ferruginous Hawk Peregrine Falcon (E) Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse Yellow Rail Whooping Crane (E) Piping Plover (T) Mountain Plover Black-necked Stilt* Franklin's Gull* Caspian Tern* Common Tern* Forester's Tern* Least Tern (E) Black Tern* Yellow-billed Cuckoo Flammulated Owl Burrowing Owl Great Gray Owl Boreal Owl Black Swift Black-backed Woodpecker Alder Flycatcher Cassin's Kingbird Dickcissel Baird's Sparrow Le Conte's Sparrow Sharp-tailed Sparrow "SI" Species Double-crested Cormorant* Great Blue Heron* Mute Swan White-tailed Ptarmigan Ring-billed Gull* California Gull* Bam Owl Eastern Screech-Owl Western Screech-Owl Northern Hawk-Owl Blue-gray Gnatcatcher Loggerhead Shrike Tennessee Warbler Black-and-white Warbler T = Species considered threatened under the Endangered Species Act. E = Species considered endangered under the Endangered Species Act. * = Colonial nesting birds for which nesting information is needed. 119 Appendix B. Species for Which Subspecies Information is Needed It seems likely that one or more of the subspecies listed in this Appendix will be elevated to species status in the near future. Therefore, observations and information on breeding habits of these birds are much needed at the subspecies level. This is especially true for the Solitary Vireo, as scientific evidence currently suggests that it will be divided into at least two species in the near future. For the first time, this book provides maps displaying both species and subspecies distribution for the birds listed in this Appendix. Bird distribution maps were created for each subspecies to encourage birdwatchers to submit future records at the subspecies level. No subspecies maps appear for the following subspecies or forms because of a lack of data: White- winged and Gray-headed subspecies of the Dark-eyed Junco; and Gray-crowned and Gray- headed (Hepburn's) forms of the Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch. The reason for requesting subspecies information is illustrated by two changes made since the last edition of this book. Both the Rosy Finch and the Northern Oriole, for which we requested subspecies information in the Fourth Edition, were each officially split into several species (see Taxonomic Changes and Subspecies on pages 1-2). Few records have been submitted with what was then subspecific designations; hence many of Montana's "Rosy Finch" and "Northern Oriole" records cannot be assigned to either of the currently recognized species. Species for which information is requested at the subspecies, race or form level: Northern Flicker Red-shafted Flicker Yellow-shafted Flicker Solitary Vireo* Cassin's (Western) Vireo Plumbeous (Rocky Mountain ) Vireo Yellow-nimped Warbler Audubon's Warbler Myrtle Warbler Dark-eyed Junco Slate-colored Junco Montana (Oregon) Junco Pink-sided Junco White-winged Junco Gray-headed Junco Gray-crowned Rosy-Fincli Gray-crowned form Gray-headed (Hepburn's) form The subspecies of these five species are shown in the current edition of several major field guides, with the exception of Cassin's Vireo which is not illustrated in the Birds of North America (Robbins et al., 1983). *Added to this list since the Fourth Edition. 120 Appendix C. Extinct Species Only one extinct species has been recorded in Montana: the Passenger Pigeon. The last reported sighting of this bird was by George Suckley on August 30, 1853, in the Bearpaw Mountains (Latilong 7). Earlier records showed the Passenger Pigeon inhabiting latilongs 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 17,26, and 41. Appendix D. Introduced Species in Montana The following birds are either native North American species transplanted to Montana (*) or not native to North America: Mute Swan Gray Partridge Chukar Ring-necked Pheasant Wild Turkey* Northern Bobwhite* Rock Dove European Starling House Sparrow Appendix E: Montana Neotropical Migratory Species There are many birds that are known or suspected to breed in Montana ("B" or "b" records) that spend their winter in the "neotropics" (Central and South America). Recent evidence suggests that populations of some of these bird species may be declining. Thus, a major initiative called "Partners in Flight" has been established for the conservation of migratory land birds that breed in North America and winter in neotropical countries. Several federal land management agencies, conservation groups, state fish and wildlife agencies, and scientists have joined in a collaborative effort to determine the causes for declines in our migratory bird populations and to work towards conservation of all landbirds in the state. Part of this effort involves identification of species vulnerable to declines from either of the two primary causes suggested: fragmentation of breeding habitat in the United States and Canada, and loss of wintering habitat in Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean. We have listed the Neotropical Migratory Bird species known to occur in Montana, including both long- and short-distance migrants. Wintering zones for species are identified and described in the "Conservation" subhesid'mgofThe Birder's Handbook (EhrVich et al. 1988) and Neotropical Migrant Landbirds in the Northern Rockies and Great Plains (Dobkin, 1992). Turkey Vulture Osprey Northern Harrier Sharp-shinned Hawk Cooper's Hawk Northern Goshawk Swainson's Hawk Red-tailed Hawk Ferruginous Hawk Golden Eagle American Kestrel Merlin Peregrine Falcon Prairie Falcon Killdeer Mountain Plover Willet Spotted Sandpiper 121 Upland Sandpiper Long-billed Curlew Marbled Godwit Mourning Dove Black-billed Cuckoo Yellow-billed Cuckoo Flammulated Owl Burrowing Owl Long-eared Owl Short-eared Owl Common Nighthawk Common Poorwill Black Swift Chimney Swift Vaux's Swift White-throated Swift Ruby-throated Hummingbird Black-chinned Hummingbird Calliope Hummingbird Broad-tailed Hummingbird Rufous Hummingbird Belted Kingfisher Lewis' Woodpecker Red-naped Sapsucker Williamson's Sapsucker Northern Flicker Olive-sided Flycatcher Western Wood-Pewee Alder Flycatcher Willow Flycatcher Least Flycatcher Hammond's Flycatcher Dusky Flycatcher Cordilleran Flycatcher Say's Phoebe Cassin's Kingbird Western Kingbird Eastern Kingbird Horned Lark Purple Martin Tree Swallow Violet-green Swallow Northern Rough-winged Swallow Bank Swallow Cliff Swallow Bam Swallow Brown Creeper Rock Wren House Wren Sedge Wren Marsh Wren Ruby-crowned Kinglet Golden-crowned Kinglet Eastern Bluebird Western Bluebird Mountain Bluebird Townsend's Solitaire Veery Swainson's Thrush Hermit Thrush American Robin Gray Catbird Northern Mockingbird Sage Thrasher American Pipit Sprague's Pipit Cedar Waxwing Loggerhead Shrike Solitary Vireo Warbling Vireo Red-eyed Vireo Tennessee Warbler Orange-crowned Warbler Nashville Warbler Yellow Warbler Yellow-rumped Warbler Townsend's Warbler Black-and-white Warbler American Redstart Ovenbird Northern Waterthrush MacGillivray's Warbler Common Yellowthroat Wilson's Warbler Yellow-breasted Chat Western Tanager Black-headed Grosbeak Lazuli Bunting Indigo Bunting Dickcissel Green-tailed Towhee Spotted Towhee Chipping Sparrow Clay-colored Sparrow Brewer's Sparrow Vesper Sparrow Lark Sparrow Sage Sparrow Lark Bunting Savannah Sparrow Baird's Sparrow Grasshopper Sparrow Fox Sparrow Song Sparrow Lincoln's Sparrow White-crowned Sparrow Dark-eyed Junco McCown's Longspur Chestnut-collared Longspur Bobolink Red-winged Blackbird Western Meadowlark Yellow-headed Blackbird Brewer's Blackbird Brown-headed Cowbird Orchard Oriole Baltimore Oriole Bullock's Oriole Cassin's Finch Pine Siskin American Goldfinch Montana's Partners in Flight is particularly concerned about grassland and riparian birds because these two important bird habitats are threatened. In addition, grassland birds are showing declines in their populations. Information and activities directed at bird conservation are being developed in Montana including educational material, monitoring activities, national and international partnerships, studies of habitat relationships, and development of management guidelines. For more information on local activities, contact Montana Partners in Flight, Daniel Casey (Chair), Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 490 N. Meridian, Kalispell, MT 5990L 122 Appendix F. Hypothetical Species Currently all reports of rare birds, including birds not previously reported for Montana, must be reviewed and accepted by the Montana Bird Records Committee before they are added to the Montana Bird Distribution Database. The Records Committee requires the following criteria for approving first state records: a specimen, a definitive photograph, or independent documentation by two or more skilled observers. "Hypothetical" species are species that have been reported in Montana, but whose reports have not been accepted by either the Records Committee or previous compilers of Montana Bird Distribution. The species listed below are segregated into three groups. The first includes species with acceptable reports of a sighting by only a single observer. The second includes species for which the identification is possible but not certain. The last includes species carried over from previous editions that have not been reviewed under the current criteria established by the Records Committee. The year and location (latilong or quarter latilong) for the latest observation follows the bird's name. Additional species have been reported, but without sufficient information to warrant inclusion here. One Observer Sightings Red-breasted Sapsucker: 1984 - QLL 27B Bell's Vireo: 1995- QLL 24B Northern Cardinal: 1987- QLL 42C Identification Possible But Not Certain Tufted Duck: 1990 - QLL 16B King Rail: 1995 - QLL 17B Pacific Golden-Plover: 1994 - QLL 16B Ross' Gull: 1987- QLL 42C Gray Flycatcher: 1987 - QLL 39C Dusky Thrush: 1993- QLL 2A Virginia's Warbler: 1992 - QLL 25D Cerulean Warbler: 1992 - QLL 40C Hooded Oriole: 1995 - QLL 47A Species from Previous Editions Common Eider: 1907 -LL 24 Eskimo Curlew: 1973 - LL 12 Spotted Owl: 1976 -LL 3 Phainopepla: LL3 Blue-winged Warbler: 1984 - LL 41 Painted Bunting: 1978 - LL 43 I* "Wt'^^'^^^i* y-i V\\\ \ 123 Appendix G. List of Contributors to the 5th Edition More Than 1000 Records: Dan Casey, Harriet Marble, Jim Reichel, Don Stoecker, and Daniel Sullivan. 501 - 1000 Records: Margaret Adams, Kathleen Anderson, Rob Fergus, Judy Hoy, Cedron Jones, and Michael Schwitters. 101 - 500 Records: Janissa Balcomb, Clifton Barry, Marcella Bishop, Sharon Browder, Charles Carlson, John Carlson, Kay Casperson, Jill Davies, Dave Dickson, Kirk Eakin, David Ewer, Robert Flores, Betsy Follman, G. J. Frazier, S. J. Gniadek, Deborah Goslin, Jim Greene, Liz Hill, C. J. Hoff, George Holton, Elly Jones, Stephen Martin, Terry McEneaney, Janice Miller, Chris Paige, John Parker, M. Rabenberg, Sue Reel, Katherine Roberts, Bill Roney, Jean Smith, Sally Sovey, J. R. Sparks, Karen Stutzman, and D. C. Tribby. 1 - 100 Records: Jane Adams, Connie Akers, Dave Allen, Rod & June Ash, Art Aylesworth, Loren Bahls, Beth Baker, Rich Balanger, Pat Barrackman, Pat Bartholomew, Jane Beasley, Stan Beckstrom, Dwight Bergeron, Dwight Bourdin, James Brown, Rick Brown, Lou Bruno, M. Buckley, Marci Bugni, Milo Burchan, T. S. Bums, Scott Buswell, Pat & Rusty Callbeck-Harper, Gate Campbell, Chuck & Suzi Campbell, Tom Carlson, Rick Casper, Chad Castren, W. H. Chadwick, L. R. Clark, Lorraine Clough, Douglas Collister, Ben Conard, Anne Cook, Kenneth Cook, Larry Copenhaver, Chris Cutler, M. Daiber, M. A. Daniels, Clifford Davis, S. Delehanty, Claude Demarest, Wendy Dodson, Pat Dolan, K. Dueholm, Annie Dueker, Janet Ellis, R. L. Eng, Joseph Engler, Kathy Erickson, Roger Evans, Shawneen Finnegan, Bebe Fitzgerald, Bill Fitzgerald, Dennis Flath, Kirk Forkan, T. Fuller, John Gatchell, Randy Gazda, David Center, J. Giuffre, John Gobeille, Shawn Goodchild, Carrie Goss, Mary Gossi, John Grant, Erick Greene, Patty Groll, T. Gutzke, Jean Habeck, Harvey Hackett, Willa Hall, Graydon Hallock, W. P. Haminer, Ken Hamlin, Ralph Hand, Jim Hansen, D. A. Hanson, Edward Harper, John Hartman, Steve Henderson, Paul Hendricks, Andrew Hicks, Billie Hicks, Troy Hidy, Floran Higgins, Gracia Hilde, Chuck Hinkle, John Hoffland, Denver Holt, R. L. Hutto, Kamal Islam, Jon Jackson, D. James, J. James, Pat Jamieson, Ann Jancic, Barbara Jaquith, Kila Jarvis, Lynn Johnson, Arlo Jones, Michele Kastler, Anne Katsaris, William Kerling, George Kirsch, Craig Knowles, B. Konen, Mark Konop, Shelly Kremer, Marvin Krook, L. Krumwiede, N. Lafon, Lynn Lamb, Douglas Laye, Dawson List, Dave Lockman, David Lubertazzi, Cary Lund, Lynn Lundborg, S. Macioszek, Maria Mantas, Mike Maples, Jeff Marks, John Martin, Neil Martin, Sara Mast, Randall McDonald, Lawrence McEvoy, Chet & Gail McGlothlin, Steve McMorran, Judith McNulty, John McBride, Tom Mears, Donald Miller, Mary Crowe Mitchell, Glee Moore, R. K. Moore, Brookes Morin, George Mowat, Gerald Mueller, Gary Nazada, Alan Nelson, D. Nelson, Nels Nelson, Fletcher Newby, Susan Newell, Robert Niebuhr, Gene & Norma Nixon, Ted Nordhagen, Tricia O'Connor, John Ormiston, Carol Pearson, Elaine Peterson, John Peterson, Wayne Peterson, Robert Petty, J. H. Phelps, Linda Phillips, David Pilliod, Randy Podall, Doug Powless, John Prange, Fritz Prellwitz, J. Rabenberg, Ryan Rauscher, F. Rice, Bob Righter, Randy Riviere, Paul Rodewald, James Rogers, Kari Rogers, Robert Romero, John Rumely, J. Runge, Stanley Russel, R. Sanchez, Winnie Schreiber, Susan Schultz, Ann Scofield, Bob Seidel, John Shaw, Fred Simonsen, Don Skaar, Naomi Smith, Kathy Stimer, J. M. Story, Zanah Stotz, H. Sysak, Gordon Thompson, William Thompson, Stuart Tingley, Terry Toppins, Sara Toubman, A. M. Van Dehey, Russell Van Horn, Jeff Van Tine, Mike Vashro, Virginia Vincent, Martha Vogt, J. D. Waldo, Mike Weber, Marvel Weggeman, Tim Weiss, S. D. Weller, Al Wells, Kirwin Werner, Mike Wilson, Randy Wilson, Alfred Wipperman, Robin Wolcott, Carl Wolf, Ken Wolff, Marilyn Wood, Phil Wright, Vita Wright, Garry Wunderwald, Lewis Young, and Hugh Zackheim. 124 Appendix H. Rare Bird Report Form Print clearly or type; include photos or drawings if available; use back of form if needed. SPECIES: Date: QLL: Photo ? Specimen? Status:(B,b,t,W,w) Observer's name: address: phone: Other Observers: Reported by: Report Date: Specific Location: Township: Habitat: Weather: Optics: Light: Distance from bird: Range: Section: Duration of Observation: Previous experience with species: Describe the bird(s) - include age, sex, molt: Describe the behavior: Discuss how other species were eliminated: Send to: MBD - Montana Natural Heritage Program 1515 E. 6th Ave., Helena, MT 59620 125 C/3 9 a o o s to a as »^ e MM* (■^ &9 (TO n o QTQ to in m •■^ ON ft o a* I— ^ o' 3 3 O ■-I C/J ere' 3 (TQ C/) &3 •-I CD >-l m c CD r? a- o o- CD o' 3 3 O (D C/) C/2 'O re 2. S* CM P r r r o o o* s a re n 1 o s *:3 O Z S a O s r &9 © s QTQ •T3 O O 3 9 &9 On O CO 3 CL 2 ^ C/5 r-f- ^-^ c CD •-I Ctl « C ►1 « !/5 ^* SO «■*■ e a* m O cr re o s o Bibliography American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). 1983. Check-list of North American birds, 6th Edition. Allen Press. Lawrence, KS. 877 pp. AOU. 1985. Thirty-fifth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 102: 680 - 686. AOU. 1987. Thirty-sixth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 104: 591-596. AOU. 1989. Thirty-seventh supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 106: 532 - 538. AOU. 1991. Thirty-eighth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 108: 750-754. AOU. 1993. Thirty-ninth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 110: 675-682. AOU. 1995. Fortieth supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union check-list of North American birds. Auk 112: 819-830. Bergeron, D., C. Jones, D.L. Center, and D. Sullivan. 1992. P.D. Skaar's Montana Bird Distribution, Fourth Edition. Special Publication No. 2. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena. 1 1 1 pp. DeLx)rme Mapping. 1994. Montana Atlas and Cazetteer. Freeport, Maine. 96 pp. Dobkin, D.S. 1992. Neotropical migrant landbirds in the Northern Rockies and Creat Plains. U.S. D. A. Forest Service Northern Region. Publication No. Rl-93-34. Missoula, MT. Ehrlich, P. R., D. S. Dobkin, and D. Wheye. 1988. The Birder's Handbook. Simon and Schuster, Inc. 785 pp. Robbins, C.S., B. Bruun, and H.S. Zim. 1983. Birds of North America. Colden Press, New York. Skaar, D., D. Flath, and L.S. Thompson. 1985. Montana Bird Distribution, Third Edition. Monograph No. 3, Montana Academy of Science, Supplement to Proceedings, Vol. 44, 1985. 70 pp. Skaar, P.D. 1980. Montana Bird Distribution, Second Edition. Published by author, Bozeman. 66 pp. . 1975. Montana Bird Distribution. Published by author, Bozeman. 56 pp. . 1969. Birds of the Bozeman Latilong. Published by author, Bozeman. 132 pp. 127 Species Index The last word of the common name is indexed for species found in this book. Avocet 41 Bittern 16 Blackbird 111-112 Bluebird 83 Bobolink Ill Bobwhite 37 Brambling 114 Brant 20 Bufflehead 27 Bunting 101, 105, 110 Canvasback 24 Catbird 86 Chat 99 Chickadee 78 - 79 Chukar 34 Coot 38 Cormorant 15 Cowbird 112 Crane 38 Creeper 80 Crossbill 115 - 116 Crow 77 Cuckoo 57 Curlew 43 Dickcissel 102 Dipper 82 Dove 56 Dowitcher 47 Duck 21 - 28 Dunlin 46 Eagle 29, 32 Egret 16 - 17 Falcon 33 Finch 114- 115 Flicker 68 Flycatcher 69 - 73 Gadwall 23 Garganey 22 Gnatcatcher 83 Godwit 43 Goldeneye 27 Golden-Plover 39 Goldfinch 117 Goose 20 - 21 Goshawk 30 Crackle 112 Grebe 14- 15 Grosbeak 100 - 101, 114, 117 Grouse 34 - 36 Gull 50 - 53 Gyrfalcon 33 Harrier 29 Hawk 29 - 31 Hawk-Owl 59 Heron 16 - 17 Hummingbird 63 - 64 Ibis 18 Jaeger 49 Jay 76 Junco 109 Kestrel 32 Killdeer 40 Kingbird 72 - 73 Kingfisher 65 Kinglet 82 Kittiwake 53 Knot 44 Lark 73 Longspur 109 - 110 Lx)on 13 Magpie 77 Mallard 22 128 Martin 74 Meadowlark Ill Merganser 27 - 28 Merlin 32 Mockingbird 86 Moorhen 38 Murrelet 55 Nighthawk 61 Night-Heron 18 Nutcracker 77 Nuthatch 79 Oldsquaw 26 Oriole 113 Osprey 29 Ovenbird 96 Owl 57 - 61 Partridge 33 Parula 91 Pelican 15 Pewee 69 Phalarope 48 - 49 Pheasant 34 Phoebe 71 Pigeon 56 Pintail 22 Pipit 87 Plover 39 - 40 Poorwill 61 Prairie-Chicken 36 Ptarmigan 35 Pygmy-Owl 59 Rail 37 Raven 77 Redhead 24 Redpoll 115-116 Redstart 96, 99 Robin 85 Rosy-Finch 114 Sanderling 44 Sandpiper 41 - 47 Sapsucker 66 Scaup 25 Scoter 26 Screech-Owl 58 Shoveler 23 Shrike 88 Siskin 116 Snipe 48 Solitaire 84 Sora 37 Sparrow 102 - 107, 117 Starling 89 Stilt 40 Stork 18 Swallow 74 - 75 Swan 19 Swift 62 Tanager 99 - 100 Teal 22 - 23 Tern 54 - 55 Thrasher 86 - 87 Thrush 84 - 86 Towhee 102 Turkey 36 Turnstone 44 Veery 84 Vireo 89 - 90 Vulture 28 Warbler 90 - 99 Waterthrush 97 Waxwing 87 - 88 Whimbre 43 Whip-poor-will 62 Wigeon 23 - 24 Willet 42 Woodcock 48 Woodpecker 65 - 68 Wood-Pewee 69 Wren 80 - 81 Yellowleg 41 Yellowthroat 98 129 Notes ions le: Oitdtlje elation '^.■*^ .t^ *1q ?;;* Pci«„oi„::\>T:;. J -^ □ ^ J . _l_ eL-:i.rEEr l^DrAN,\ L:^""' ^ T*|[ C I', . i,n n I FOREST : Pcfian"""' (15 — "" 1« ^■•^ ^/^ n * ■* ■ LOLO tion«lLa_ * '•2. t iLO \ • FOREST ' " ^; is?-c.;nr iatT(^al'c- nS-^ "r lesiet - SQ ■ 'J^ " ;" 5^.:^^ 'W- r-T^lig; ■:^..,.. " (Si J I ■ '""A t N^flDNAl^v/ FOREsf „5 >, cCl I NATIONAL ^ ,.,. '^Deer Lodge* *""" "77 If-^ fatC« 3M[* ■ * Y^ ^' font DM*[* ■ • }9 '/\^^^^j^__^' C^Jte^ n;^ N „^l / K Latilong 36 Bt IVERHCAD 'iA!! "A?- ^,^/-'^^%j^-l:~' ^^ ■Jilt^li'iM' CANADA „^^ iMTED'sTATEi'^'ypo^ rtJBT BELKNAP a V i 22 t -4s^^ .a.- ;^L NATIONAL I Cicle^ i«fl i« I i"7Eti "p^^»lD^^.s;^^ I ■,&'' #: Map courtesy of Montana Department of Transportation and Travel Montana. All rights reserved. Great Falls Missoula Butte Helena Billings o We thank the following corporations, agencies, and organizations whose generous contributions made this publication possible: M.ontana Audubon .^^TMENT OF THf^iv}^ ^'tiAUOf'RECU^'^ The S^ Qonsen/ancy® WESTECH Western Technology and Engineering Inc. /PXontana State '^aiks & YOiidUje 3ntetpretive Association / ^. \ PISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE MOMTAriA MATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM o > D DO Printed on Recycled Paper