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COLLINS'S

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peerage of Cttglanb;

i

GENEALOGICAL,
BIOGRAPHICAL, AND HISTORICAL.

GREATLY AUGMENTED,
AND CONTINUED TO THE PRESENT TIME,

BY

SIR EGERTON BRYDGES, K. J.

IN NINE VOLUMES.
VOL. IV.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR F. C. AND J. RIVINGTON, OTRIDGE AND SON,
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1812.

Mo

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CONTENTS OF VOL. IV.

EARLS.

Page

Poulett, Earl Poulett 1

Cholmondeley , Earl Cholmondeley 1(5

Harley, Earl of Oxford and Mortimer 37

Shirley, Earl Ferrers . 85

Legge, Earl of Dartmouth 105

Bennet, Earl of Tankerville 125

Finch, Earl of Aylesford 134

Hervey, Earl of Bristol • . . . 139

Cowper, Earl Cowper ... lt>2

Stanhope, Earl Stanhope 171

Sherard, Earl of Harborough 180

Parker, Earl of Macclesfield 19O

Fermor, Earl of Pomfret 197

Graham, Earl Graham 209

Waldegrave, Earl Waldegrave 232

Ashlurnham, Earl of Ashburnham 249

Howard, Earl of Effingham 264

Stanhope, Earl of Harrington 284

Wallop, Earl of Portsmouth 2gl

Greville, Earl Brooke and Earl of Warwick 330

Hobart, Earl of Buckinghamshire 362

!374
542

Wyndham, Earl of Egremont 401

Harcourt, Earl Harcourt 428

North, Earl of Guildford 454

Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke . . 486

Vane, Earl of Darlington 499

Fox, Earl oj Ilchester ' „ 529

$*?■ The Reader is requested to turn also to the Addenda at the end of
the Volume for the latest dates, and a few corrections, of every article.

THE

PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

EARLS.

POULETT, EARL POULETT.

Having treated of the original of this family in that of the Mar-
quis of Winchester, Vol. IT. p. 367, I shall begin with Sir
Thomas Paulett, or Poulett, eldest son of Sir John Paulett, by-
Elizabeth his wife, daughter and co-heir of Sir John Creedy of
Creedy, in com. Devon. Knight.

Which Sir Thomas Paulett, married "Margaret, daughter and
heir of Henry bBoniton, Esq. by Alice his wife, daughter and
heir of John de Boys, and had issue two sons, Sir William Paulett,
and John Paulett of Gothurst, in com. Somers.j also a daughter,
Elizabeth, married to Robert Burton, and fecondly to William
Bigberye, Esquires.

His eldest son, Sir William Paulett (knighted by Henry VI.
for his valiant behaviour in the wars of France) married Eliza-
beth, daughter and heir of John Deneband of Henton (commonly
Hinton) St. George, in the county of Somerset, Esq. by whom he
became possessed of that lordship, which came by the Giffards,
who had it by the heir of Poutrals ;c and the Denebands were of
Pescayth in Monmouthshire.

a MS. menes meipsum. b Ibid.

C John and George Powtrell owned Hinton St. George, in the reign of Rich. I.
and K. John. The latter devised it to his only daughter and heir, married to
John Giffard. His daughter and heir, Alice, married Sir Philip Denehand, whose
son, William, gave a moiety of this manor, in 29 Henry III. to his brother Ha-
mon. Collins s Somersetshire, I. 166

VOL. IV. B

a

2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Leland, in his Itinerary, mentions most of the above facts

thus j

ct The eldest manor place of the Paulettes in Somersetshire is
now clene downe. But yet it bereth the name of Pauktte, and

is a 3 miles from Bridgwater. There was one Benlaudc

in Somersetshire, a knight of good estimation about Henry the V.
tyme, and this Denbaude gave this title in many of his writinges :
Dominus de Postcuith in Gallia. One of the Paulettes married the
heir general of this Denbaude, and so was the Paulettes landes
welle augmented in Somersetshire. And Mr. Paulette's father that
is now buildid stoutely at Henton in Somersetshire, the which
longed in tyme past to the Denbaudes. Paulet, that is now, bought
Sandforde lordship of the kinge. Paullet hath a nother lordship
hard joyning to Sandford called Hawberton, and is well woodid,
but Shelford hath little. Paulet of Somersetshire landes cummith
thus together by heyres generales. By Boys cam Hawberton lord-
ship. Then did Arundel and Paulet devide a peace of landes of '
the Cantelupes. Then cam a peace of land by Rayne, and a no-
ther be Beauchamp of the West Countery, and after cam Henton,
Denbaudes lande.d"

Sir William bad issue one son, Sir Amias Paulettj

And four daughters, Christian, first married to Nicholas Chi-
chester, secondly to Henry Hull, and thirdly to Willam Martin j
Anne, wife of Sir William Cary of Cockington, Knight; Flo-
rence, to John Ashfield j and Alice, to Sir John Paulett, .Knight,
by whom she was mother to William, the Jirst Marquis of Win-
chester.

Which Sir Amias was knighted for his gallant behaviour at
the battle of Newark on Trent, June ltfth, 1487, when the Earl
of Lincoln and Lambart Simnell were defeated. He was like-
wise one of the ecommanders of those forces against Perkin War-
beck : and in 15 Hen. VII. bearing the title of one of the Knights
of the king's body, was f commissioned with Robert Shirburn,
Dean of St. Paul's, in consideration of their loyalty, industry, fore-
sight, and care, to receive all such persons into favour, as were
adherents to Perkin Warbeck, by fine or otherwise, as to them
shall seem most proper. This commission they managed so dis-
creetly, that (as Hollinshed observes) s " Equity therein was very
well and justly executed.'*

d Leland's Icin. VI. iz. « Holinshead's Chron. p. 784.

f Rymer's Feed. torn. XII, p. j66t g Chron. p. 785.

EARL POULETT. 3

It is further memorable of him, that in the reign of Henry VII.
when Cardinal Wolsey was only a school-master at Limington in
Somersetshire, Sir Amias Paulett, for some misdemeanor com-
mitted by him, clapped him in the stocks : which the Cardinal,
when he grew into favour with Henry VIIT. so far resented, that
he sought all manner of ways to give him trouble, and obliged
him (as Godwin in his Annals observes51) to dance attendance at
London for some years, and by all manner of obsequiousness to
curry favour with him. During the time of his attendance, being
commanded by the Cardinal not to depart London without licence,
he took up his lodging in the great gate of the Temple towards
Fleet-street. And in 7 Henry VIII. when the Cardinal was
made * Lord-Chancellor, he re-edified the said gate (now called the
Middle-Temple gate) and sumptuously beautified it on the out-
side with the Cardinal's arms, cognizance, badges, and other
devices, in a glorious manner, thereby hoping to appease his
displeasure. Having been so great a benefactor to the society of
the Middle-Temple, hek was chosen Treasurer thereof in 12
Henry VIII. and departed this life in 1538. His last will bears
date, April 1st, 1538, and the probate thereof June 25th follow-
ing !. He orders his body to be buried in the church of Chers-
comb, in com. Somersetshire, and was a benefactor to the cathedral
church of Wells, and to the churches of Henton, Cherscomb,
Chard, Crookhome, Ylminster, South-Peterton, Dynington, and
the abbey and convent of Ford. He bequeaths all his lands, goods,
&c. to his son asd heir Sir Hugh Paulet, Knight, whom he made
sole executor, charging him to be loving to his sons John and
Henry, and to help them to preferment.

He married two wives, first, Margaret, daughter of Sir John
Paulett, Knight of the Bath, (grandfather of William Marquis of
Winchester) j and sister to Sir John Paulett, who had married his
sister Elizabeth j and secondly, *Lora, daughter of William Kella-
Avay, of Rockborn, in com. Southamp. Esq. but had issue only by
the last, viz. the three sons mentioned in his will 5 and one
daughter, Elizabeth, married first to John Sidenham, Esq. j se-
condly to William Carswell, of Carswell, in Devonshire, Esq.; and
thirdly to Francis Coppleston, Esq.

Sir Hugh Paulett, his eldest son, was knighted for his ser-
vices in the French wars, at taking Brey at the siege of Bou-

h P. 2g, , i Dugd. Orig. Jurid. p. 138.

* Ibid, p 2x1. l Ex Regist. Dingley in Cur. Prxrog. Cant.

4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

logne, 1544, in the presence of Hen. VIII. In 30 Hen. VIII. in
consideration of his services/" he had a grant from the King, to
him and his heirs, of the manor and borough of Samford-Peverell,
in Devonshire; and on February 24th, 31 Hen. VIII." was made
Supervisor of all the manors, messuages, lands, &c. belonging
to Richard Whiting, late Abbot of Glastonbury, attainted. On
May 11th, 33 Hen. VJII. he had° a grant, to him and his heirs,
of all the King's lands, tenements, woods, &c. called Upcrofte,
and Combe, in Crukerne, in the county of Somerset. He was
Sheriff of Dorset and Somersetshire, in 2g and 34 Henry VIII.
and 1st of Edward VI.

In 3 Edward VI he was p Knight marshal of that army com-
manded by the Lord Russell (Lord Privy Seal), sent against the
rebels of Devonshire and Cornwall, who had besieged the city of
Exeter; and being defeated by the King's forces, fled into So-
mersetshire, where this Sir Hugh followed them, and at King's-
Weston again vanquished them, and took their leader prisoner.
For these services he was, the year following, ^made Governor of
the Isle of Jersey, and of Mount-Orguil castle.

In the 6th year of Q. Elizabeth, he was one of the principal
commanders, who so valiantly defended Newhaven against the
French jr and when Montmorency, Constable of France, by a
trumpet to the Earl of Warwick, summoned him to surrender,
this Sir Hugh Paulett was sent by the Earl to assure the Constable,
that the English were prepared to suffer the last extremity, before
they would yield up the town without the Queen's orders. And
when the forces were greatly reduced by the pjague and pesti-
lence, so that the Queen, in compassion to those brave soldiers
that were living, gave directions to the earl of Warwick to sur-
render the town,3 Sir Hugh Paulett was the principal of the Com-
missioners that managed the conference with the Constable of*
France, for the capitulation.

Dr. Fall, in his Account of the Island of Jersey, writes, That
this Sir Hugh Paulett was Treasurer to Henry VIII.'s army at
the siege of Boulogne ; Governor of Havre de Grace, when the
town was in the hands of the English ; reputed one of the best
and most experienced captains of his time, and a zealous pro-
moter of the reformation in the Island of Jersey; of which he was

m Priv. Sigil. 30 Henry VIII. n Bill. Signat. 31 Henry VIII.

o Priv. Sigil. 33 Henry VIII. P Holinshead, p. 1026.

9 Rymer, tom. XV. p. 261. r Camden's History of Queen Elizabeth
in History of England, Vol. II. 292. * Stow's Annals,, p. 655.

EARL POULETT. 5

Governor twenty-four years, and was succeeded by his son Sir
Amias Paulett, in 13 Eliz.

He married first Elizabeth, daughter of Walter Blount, of
Blount Hall, com. Staff. Esq. but had no issue by her; secondly
Philippa, daughter and heir to Sir Lewis Pollard, of King's Nym-
ton, in Devonshire, Knt. by whom he had issue three sons, Sir
Amias Paulett, Nicholas, and George, as also a daughter, Jane,
wife of Christopher Coppleston, of Coppleston, in Devonshire,
Esquire.

His eldest son, Sir Amias Paulett, succeeded him in the go-
vernment of the Isle of Jersey, as was said before ; and was
knighted 18 Eliz. In the year \5yQ, he was Embassador to the
French King j which high office he discharged to the entire satis-
faction of his royal mistress, who expressed it in a letter which
she wrote to him from Greenwich, Ocf. 22d, 1579, stiM preserved
in a large collection of his MSS. among the family papers. He
lived upon terms of great intimacy and friendship with all the
statesmen of his own period, and with many of the principal no-
bility of Queen Elizabeth's court ; several of whom, in their fami-
liar epistles to him, have left ample testimonies of their esteem
for his private worth, as well as of their approbation of his public
merits. The Lord Treasurer Burleigh expresses the estimation in
which his character was held at that time, in a letter written to
him just before he set out on his embassy to France. " I can give
you no better council than yourself hath in store : change not
your manners with the soil you go to: confirm by your actions
abroad, the good opinion you have at home, namely for your reli-
gion and discretion."11

In 27 Eliz. the keeping of Mary Queen of Scots,x was chiefly
committed to his fidelity; who so honourably discharged his trust
therein, that when Secretary Walsingham moved him to surfer one
of his servants to be bribed by the agents of the Queen of Scots,
the better to gain intelligence, he would on no terms consent to it.
Yet though it has been said, that the custody of Mary Queen of
Scots, was taken out of the hands of the Earl of Shrewsbury, be-
cause he had treated the unhappy prisoner too leniently j . Sir
Amias is reported to have behaved very differently: " Even the
short period of her days that remained," says Robertson, " they
rendered uncomfortable by every hardship and indignity, which

1 Fall's Account of Jersey, p. 91. u Harding's Biogr. Mirror, II. 7^.

* Camden's Hist, praed. p. 501.

O. PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

it was in their power to inflict. Almost all her servants were
dismissed, she was treated no longer with the respect due to a
queen ; and though the rigour of seventeen years imprisonment
had broken her constitution, she was confined to two ruinous
chambers, scarce habitable even in the middle of summer, by-
reason of the cold," &:c. Robertson adds, that " after the publi-
cation of her sentence, she was stripped of every remaining mark
of royalty-} the canopy of state in her apartment was pulled down j
Poulett entered her chamber, and approached her person without
ceremony, and even appeared covered in her presence. But
Poulett, though rigorous and harsh, and often brutal, in the dis-
charge of what he thought his duty, as Mary's keeper, was, never-
theless, a man of honour and integrity. He rejected the proposal
to take away her life secretly, with disdain ; and lamenting that
he should ever have been deemed capable of acting the part of an
assassin, he declared, that the Queen might dispose of his life at
her pleasure, but he would never stain his own honour, nor leave
an everlasting mark of infamy on his posterity, by lending his
hand to perpetuate so foul a crime. "*

It is but justice to transcribe his spirited letter to Sir Francis
Walsingham at length :

" Sir,
ft Your letters of yesterday coming to my hand this present
day, at five in the afternoon, I would not fail, according to your

y Lodge, in his Illustrations of British History, II. 30*7, observes, " This part
of the melanch&ly story of Mary's imprisonment hath always been misrepresented.
.The common account is, that the earl of Shrewsbury having been found to treat
her with too much respect and gentleness (of which, by the bye, we do not find
abundance of instances), she was taken from him, and'placed in the hands of 6ir
Amias Poulett, and Sir Drue Drury, whose chief recommendation was a sternness
and ferocity of manners, which her arch enemy charitably hoped her delicate frame
would soon sink under. We are to infer then, that Elizabeth had thought fit to
dismiss the Earl, and that these persons were immediately appointed to succeed
him : but our papers prove the contrary in bo:h instances ; for they not only afford
us simple evidence, that the Earl resigned his charge voluntarily, nay, that he had
held it for several years most unwillingly at the Queen's instance, but also, that
Mildmay and Somers immediately succeeded himj that Lord St. John was then
nominated j and even in a letter written five months after the Earl had received
his quietus from the council board, the appointment of Paulet is spoken of as a
rumour, and Drury's name is not mentioned." It is well remarked, that Mr.
Lodge in this work " has brought to light several events of this period, in which
some of the characters appear in very different colours from those in which our
modern historians have introduced them to us." Bhgr. Mirror, II. 74.

EARL POULETT. 7

direction, to return my answer with all possible speed, which
shall deliver unto you with great grief and bitterness of mind, in
that I am so unhappy to have lyven to see this unhappy day, in
the which I am required, by direction of my most gracious sove-
reign, to do an act which God and the law forbiddeth. My good
livings and life are at her Majesty's disposition ; and I am ready
to lose them this next morrow, if it shall so please her, acknow-
ledging that I hold them, as of her meet and most gracious
favour; and do not desire to enjoy them but with her Highness's
good liking. But God forbid that I .should make so foul a ship-
wreck of my conscience, or leave so great a blot to my posterity,
to shed blood without law or warrant. Trufting that her Majesty,
of her accustomed clemency, and the rather by your good media-
tion, will take this my dutiful answer in good part, as proceed-
ing from one who will never be inferior to any Christian subject
living, in duty, honour, love,and obedience towards his Sovereign.
And thus I commit you to the mercy of the Almighty.

Your most assured poor friend,

A. Paulett."x

In 29 Eliz. being one of the Privy-council, and Governor of
the Isle of Jersey, he was in a commission for the trial of the
Queen of Scots. And in the year after, on the eve of the feast
of St. George, was b sworn, at Greenwich, Chancellor of the most
noble order of the Garter : and was also Custos Rotulorum of
the county of Somerset.

He died in 1588, and was buried on the north side of the chan-
cel in the church of St Martin in the Fields, London, where a
noble monument was erected to his memory, of the Ionic order,
with his effigies carved at full length, lying in armour, fenced
with iron rails, and this inscription :

Honoratissimo Patri D. Amitio Fouleto, Equito aurato, Insula:
Jersa: prafecto, apud Chris tianissimum Re gem quondam le era to,
NoliUssimi Ordinis Garterii Cancellario, et sereniss'nnce Principis
Elizabeths Consiliario, Antonius Pouletus Jilius hoc Pietatis Mo-
numentum mcerens posuit,

z See another letter of Sir Amias, printed in the Appendix to Robertson; and
dated from Chartley, ioth Sept. 1 586, which does not appear quite so creditable
to him.

a Garden's Hist. p. 50*. b Ashmole's Order of the Garter, p. 521.

8 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Gardez la Foy.
Quod verlo servarejidem, Poulette, solebas,

Quam bene conveniunt hcec tria verba tibi ?
Quod gladio servarejidem, Poulette, solebas,

Quam bene conveniunt hcec tria signa tibi ?
Patria te sensit, sensit Reginajidelem,
' SicJLdus civis, sicque Senator eras.
Tejidum Christust tejidum Ecclesia sensit,

Sic servas inter multa periclajidem.
Ergo quod servo Princeps, Ecclesia nato,

Patri quodjido cive sit orba dolet. ,

Inter ea Christ us defuncti facta coronat,

A quo servatam viderat essefdem.

Margarela Poulett hoc Ep'uaphium mczroris simul et amoris sui
perpetuum testem Amitio conjugi suo carissimo clarissimoq; dicavit.c

* By the inquisition taken on Jan. 15tb, 1588-p, at the city of
Wells, in the county of Somerset, it appears that Sir Amias Pou-
lett, Knt. died on September 26th, 1588, and was, at the time of
his decease, seised of the manor of George-Hinton, with appurte-
nances in Henton ; the manors of Bymyngton, Henton-park, and
farm of Combe} the manors of Chascomb, Knolle, Jlleigh, Stock-
linch, SUepton, Roade, Sherston, and Stalleigh, with the advowson
of the church ; the manor of Curry Mallet, and Ruton, and advow-
son of the church and park of Curry Mallet, by patent, 5 th July, in
8 Eliz. all in the county of Somerset j and the rectory with ad-
vowson of the church and park of Curry-Mallet, by patent, July
6th, in 8th Eliz. j also one fourth of the manor of Crewkherne,
and one fourth of the hundred of Crewkherne, all in the county
of Somerset} one third of the manor of Marshland- Vale, in the
county of Dorset 3 the manors of Stamford Peverell, Uplomyn,
with the advowson of the church, Halberton, and Boyes, in the
county of Devon } and a granary, with garden-land to the same
belonging, containing one acre, in Clerkenwell, in the county of
Middlesex. And that Anthony Poulett was his son and heir, and
then of the age of twenty-five years, by his wife Margaret,
daughter and heir of Anthony Harvey, of Columb John, in com.
Devon, Esq. He had issue by her three sons 3 Hugh, who died
*a his infancy, Sir Anthony Paulett, and

c See this inscription, with some additions, in Harding's Bwgr. Jlfirror, II. 77,
where is a portrait of Sir AmLs. See also Fuller's Won hies, Som. 24.
A Coles Esc. lib. 5. N. 61. p. 328, in Bibl. Harley.

EARL POULETT. Q

George Paulett, of Gothurst, in com. Somerset, in right of his
wife Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Edward Paulett, of the same
place, Esq. lineally descended from John Poulett, of Gothurst,
brother to Sir William Poulett beforementioned, who first resided
at Henton St. George.

Also three daughters, Joan, married to Robert Heydon, of
Bowood, in com. Devon., Esq. Sarah, first wife of Sir Francis
Vincent, of Stoke- Dabernon, in Surry, Knt. and Bart, and Eli-
zabeth, who died unmarried.

His eldest surviving son and heir, Sir Anthony Poulett, was
alfo c constituted Governor of the Isle of Jersey, on the death of
his father ; was likewise Captain of the guard to queen Eliz. who
conferred the honour of knighthood on him; and in 1600, he
departed this life. He fmarried, in 1583, Catherine, sole daugh-
ter to Henry Lord Norreys, Baron of Rycot, by whom he had
issue John his son and heir, and

Henry second' son, from whom the family at Preston, and those
that were of Taunton,, in Somersetshire, descended.

And two daughters, Margery, married to John Sidenham, of
Combe, in the county of Somerset, Esq. and Susan, the wife of
Sir Peter Prideaux, of Netherton, in Devonshire, Bart.

Which John Poulett, Esq. first Lord Poulett, being a
very accomplished gentleman, of quick and clear parts, and a
bountiful house-keeper (as Fuller in his Worthies of England re-
lates*1), King Charles I. consigned Mons. Soubize unto him, who
gave him and his retinue many months liberal entertainment.
After which he was by letters patent, bearing date June 23d,
\Q^7, advanced1 to the dignity of a Baron of this realm by the
title of Lord Poulett, of Hinton St. George. He was ^knighted
with his eldest fon, Sir John Poulett, by the earl of Lindsey, on
board his Majesty's ship the Mary-honour, on September 27th,
1635, with four other persons of quality ; being in that fleet then
sent out to secure our commerce, the Spanish bullion, &c. in
English bottoms, which was expected home, and thought to be
in danger from the Hollanders, who had lately made a league
with France against Spain. Which service our fleet performed.

e Fall's Account of Jersey, p. 94. f Holinshed, p. 1355.

g He died 8ch May, buried at Bishop's Lydiard, co. Somerset. Where

is an inscription for Malet Poulet, son of Henry Poulet, Esq. who was buried
here, 23d Nov. 1672, aged 38 j and Margaret, sister to Malet Poulet, who died
24th October, 1683. Collimon, Vol. II. 496.

* in com. 'Somerset, p. 32. * Pat. 3 Car. I. p. 36.

k Cat. of Knights, p. 152.

ro PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

In the year 1640, he was summoned to that council appointed
to meet at York, to advise his Majesty what method should be
taken with the Scots, who had then invaded the northern parts of
the kingdom. And this meeting producing a treaty at Rippon,
he was appointed by the King, with seventeen other Peers, com-
missioners for that purpose, being (as Lord Clarendon writes1),
all popular men, and not one of them of much interest in the
court, except the earl of Holland. But when the Parliament*
that met soon after, engaged in designs (as he thought) prejudi-
cial to his Majesty's interest, he manifested the greatest dislike
thereof, and immediately repaired to his Majesty at York j where
he, with many other Lords and Counsellors, on June 15th, l642,m
subscribed a declaration, disavowing any intention, either in the
King, or themselves, of raising war against the Parliament. And
an unnatural rebellion openly breaking out soon after, he most
loyally engaged both himself and his eldest son in the royal causey
and having accepted of a commission to raise a regiment of 1500
foot, he "accompanied the Marquis of Hertford into the west of
England, by whose great reputation, and the interest of this Lord
Poulett, with some other gentlemen of prime quality there, his
Majesty hoped to form an army in those parts able to relieve
Portsmouth, then besieged by the Parliament's forces j " they
being (as Lord Clarendon writes),0 like to give as good examples
in their persons, and to be followed by as many men, as any such
number of gentlemen in England could be." However, after
having, with less than 1000 men, withstood an army of 7000,
commanded by the Earl of Bedford, and finding themselves un-
able, by reason of his coming, to draw more forces together, the
Marquis and the Lord Poulett p transported themselves into Wales,
where they raised 2000 foot,'! and one regiment of horse.

In the year 1644, he was one of the principal commanders that
besieged Lyme, in Dorsetshire,1" which, after many gallant at-
tacks, being almost reduced, was supplied with provisions by the
Earl of Warwick, and the siege raised soon after by the Earl of
Essex. Thereupon the Parliament voted, that lOOOl. per annum,
out of the Lord Poulett's estate, should be given to the inhabit-
ants, in recompence for their service. The same year she met his
Majesty a mile from Exeter, in order to conduct him to that city ;

1 Hist, of the Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. I. p. 155. m Ibid. p. 65$, 6$6.

« Ibid. p. C81. o Hist, praed. p'715. P Ibid. Vol. II. p. 20.

<1 Ibid. p. 127. r Wh'itlock's Memona's, p. 16.

' s Walker's H'storical D sc. p. 47.

EARL POULETT. 11

and on September 30th, following, had the honour to lentertain
him at his seat at Henton St. George. The year following the
King was unsuccessful in all his undertakings, and the kingdom
being reduced to the obedience of the Parliament, he endeavoured
to compound for his estate. , But the houses of Peers and Com-
mons differing in their opinions, the Lords u thinking tit to pardon
him, and the Commons dissenting, he on April 20th, l646,v ob-
tained leave to stay at Exeter, until he should compound with
the Parliament, or get a pass to transport himself out of England.
However, on May 2d following, after a sharp debate, he, at the
request of the General, was permitted to compound ,• and the
same day, on a petition from the town of Lyme, it was ordered
they should have reparation out of his estate for the losses they
had suffered by him. How far this was complied with, appears
not 3 but his composition was not settled till three years after,
when, on March 6th, l648-9,y it was voted to be 4,200 1. and at
the same time Sir John Poulett, his son, was likewise allowed to
compound for 3760I.

This noble peer departed this life on March 20th, l64g,% hav-
ing taken to wife, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir to Christopher
Ken, of Ken- Court, in com. Somerset, Esq. who survived him,
and was mairied secondly to John Ashburnham, of Ashburnham
in com. Suss. Esq. (ancestor to the present Earl of Ashburnham),
by whom he had three sons and five daughters ; viz. John, his
successor ;

Francis, who married Catherine, daughter to Robert Creighton,
Bishop of Bath;
And Amias Poulett.

Florence, married to Thomas Smith, of Long-Ashton, in So-
merset, Esq. ancestor to Sir John Smith of the same place, Ba-
ronet j secondly to Colonel Thomas Pigot, of the kingdom of
Ireland ;

Margaret, first to Dennis Rolle, of Stephen tori, in com. Devon,
Esq. j secondly to Sir Richard Cholmley, of Grosmonr, in com.
Ebor. Knt. Banneret, Governor of Axminster, for Charles L; and
lastly, te colonel Edward Cook, of Highnam, in com. Gloucest.
Susanna, to Michael War ton, of Beverley, in com Ebor. Esq.
Helena, to William Wilmot, son and heir to Sir George Wil-
mot, of Charlton, in Berkshire., Knt, and adying May 12th, 1(351,

t Walker's Historical Difc. p. 98. u' VVhitlock praed. p. 205.

v Ibid. p. 207. x Jbid. p. 20S. y ibid, p-278.

z There is a portrait of him in Harding's British Cabinet.
» Le Neve's Mon. Aug, Vol. II. p. 6.

1

12 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

was buried in Wantage church, in the same county, where a mo-
nument is erected to her memory;

Elizabeth, youngest daughter, was married first to William
Ashburnham, of Ashburnham, in com. Suss. Esq. ancestor by her
to the present Earl ; and afterwards to Sir William Hartop, of
Rotherby, in com. Leicest, Knt.

John, his eldest son and heir, second Baron, received the
honour of knighthood in his father's lifetime, as before observed 5
and being elected Knight of the shire for the county of Somerset
to that Parliament, which met on Nov. 3d, l6lO, he eminently
manifested his loyalty to his sovereign during the civil wars. He
had the command of a regiment of foot, after the rebellion broke
out in Ireland, and served some time in that kingdom. But in
the year lf343, it was transported out of Munster for the service
of the west, where he served. In 1045, he was besieged in the
castle of Winchester (where the lord Ogle commanded in chief),
by Cromwell, who first summoned them to surrender, but being
refused, he battered it so long with his guns, that he made a
breach in the walls fit to enter, on which the castle was delivered
up, October 14th, an'd the officers and soldiers conveyed to Wood-
stock. He afterwards compounded for his estate ; and having
lived to see the restoration of Charles II. departed this life at his
manor-hOuse of Court de Weeke, in Somersetshire, on Septem-
ber 15th, l66o, in the fiftieth year of his age, and was buried at
Hinton St. George.

He married two wives j first, Catherine, daughter and coheir
of that famous General Sir Horatio Vere, Knt. Lord Vere of Til-
bury in Essex, widow of Oliver St. John, Esq. by whom he had
issue two sons, John and Horatio j and three daughters, Eliza-
beth, married to Sir John Sydenham, of Brimpton, in com. So-
merset, Bart, who, dying anno 1669, was buried at Brimpton;
Vere died unmarried 5 and Catherine, wedded to Mr. Secretary
Johnston.

His Lordship married secondly Anne, second daughter and co-
heir to Sir Thomas Brown, of Walcote, in com. Northamp. Bart.
(cshe surviving him, was secondly married to Sir John Si rode, of
Chantmarle, in Dorsetshire, Knt.) by whom he had issue two
sons, Amias, and Charles; also four daughters, Anne, Florence,
and Mary, who all died young; and Margaret, married to Francis

b C'aerdon prced. Vol. IV. p. 468.

c Hutchir>s's Do.seishiie, Vol. I. p. 270.

EARL POULETT. 1*

Fulford, of t ulford, in Devonshire, Esq. dshe died 1689, aged
twenty- five. , ^

John, his eldest son and heir, succeeded him in honour and
esats, as third Baron. On July 6th, 1674, he was appointed
Lord-lieutenant of the county of Dorset, and dying about the
year 1 680, left issue by his first wife, Essex, eldest daughter to
Alexander Popham, of Littlecote, in com. Wilts, Esq. two daugh-
ters, Catherine, second wife to William Lord Lempster, and
Letitia, to Sir William Monson, of Broxburn, in Hertfordshire,
Bart.

By his second lady, Susan, daughter of Philip, Earl of Pem-
broke, he had issue, his only son and heir,

John, fourth Lord and first Earl Poulett, who soon
after the accession of Queen Anne to the throne, was sworn of her
Privy-council -, and having been one of the Commissioners for
the treaty of Union, anno 1706, was the same year, on Dec. 29th,
created Viscount H'inton St. George, and Earl Poulett. For
some years his Lordship declined accepting of several places of
great distinction ; and at length Queen Anne desired to have
him appointed first Lord-commissioner of the Treasury, which
his Lordship accepted on August 8th, 1710$ in which high fta-
tion he continued till the year 17H> when, on June 13th, he was
declared Lord-fteward of her Majesty's household. He was also
appointed, June 10th, 1702, Lord -Lieutenant of the county of
Devon, and Custos Rotulorum of Somersetshire, March 2d,
1712-13. On Oct. 26th, 1712, at a chapter then held, he was
elected a Knight companion of the most noble Order of the Gar-
ter, but was not installed till August 4th following -, when his
Lordship was Lord-steward of the household, Lord-lieutenant and
Custos Rotulorum of Devonshire, and Custos Rotulorum of So?
mersetshire. He lived in the latter part of his life at his country-
seats, and died on May 28th, 1743, in the 81st year of his age.

His Lordship married Bridget, daughter and coheir to Pere-
grine Bertie, of Waldershare,e in Kent, Esq. brother to Robert,
Earl of Lindsey, and uncle to Robert, Duke of Ancaster; and by
her had four sons, and four daughters} 1. John, second Earl
Poulett.

2. Peregrine, twin with his brother, John, born Dec. 10th,
1708} who, on a vacancy, was chose Member for Bossiney, in

d Hutchins's Dorsetshire, Vol. I. p. 524.

c By the coheiresses of the Mo.iins family of Waldershare, Baronets. See
Topogr. I. 16. ,

14 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

May, 1737, and died member for Bridgwater, Aug. 26th, 1752,
and was buried at Hinton St. George.

3. Vere, third Earl Poulett.

4. Anne, born July 11 th, 1/11, so named by her Majesty
Queen Anne, his godmother, Member for Bridgwater, in Somer-
setshire, 1768, 1774, 1780, 1784; died July 5th, 17S5.

5. Lady Bridget, born March 1st, 1702, married, on May 21st,
1724, to Polexfen Bastard, of Catley, in Devonshire, Esq. and
died July 21st, 1/73.

6. Lady Catherine, born March 23d, 1706, who was wedded,
on June 26th, 1725, to John Parker, Esq. son and heir of George
Parker, of Boringdon, in the county of Devon, Esq. and died on
August 16th, 1758 j leaving issue John, created Lord Beringdon,
1784, &c.

7. Lady Susanna, born April 17th, 1714; died Dec. 13th,
1788; and,

8. Lady Rebecca, born April 9th, 1716, who died unmarried
March 4th, 1/65, and was buried at Hinton St. George.

. John succeeded his father in his honours and estate, as second
Earl Poulett. He was called up by writ to the house of Peers,
Jan. 17th, 1733-4, by the title of Lord Poulett, Baron of Hin-
ton St. George, with precedence according to the creation of John,
Lord Poulett, June 23d, 3 Car. I. and was appointed one of the
Lords of his Majesty's bed-chamber. On March 21st, 1743, he
was constituted Lord-lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the
county of Somerset : but in March, 1755, resigned his place of
Lord of the Bedchamber. On the accession of the present King,
his Lordship was continued in the offices of Lord-lieutenant and
Custos Rotulorum of Somersetshire, and enjoyed them at his death,
which happened on November 5th, 17^4, when he was also Co-
lonel of the first battalion of the militia of that county, and Re-
corder of Bridgwater.

His Lordship dying a bachelor, his estate and titles devolved on
his brother Vere, beforementioned, third Earl Poulett, born
May 18th, 1710, who was elected, in 1741, one of the members
for the borough of Bridgwater, to the ninth Parliament of Great
Britain; on November 16th, 17^4, was chosen Recorder of
Bridgwater; and Jan. 23d, 1771, was appointed Lord-lieutenant
of the county of Devon, and of the city of Exeter; also Custos
Rotulorum of the same. He died April 14th, 1788, set. seventy-
eight.

His Lordship, in 1754, married Mary, daughter of Richard

EARL POULETT. 15

Butt, of Arlingham, in Gloucestershire, Esq. and by her had issue,
John, fourth Earl ;

And, second, Vere, born in May 1761 ; who in 1808 became
a Lieutenant General in the Army, and is now on half-pay. He
married Miss Beecher (since dead), by whom he has issue, Mary-
Anne j Anne-Lucy j John; Vere-Bridget ; Harriet- Jane ; and
Charlotte Anne. Tn 1790, and 1806, he was elected M. P. for
Bridgwater.

John, eldest son, succeeded his father in 17S8, as fourth
Earl Poulett. He was born April 7th, 1756. He was married
at St. George's, Hanover Square, 11th June 1782, to Miss Po-
cocke, daughter of the late Admiral Sir George Pococke, Knight
of the Bath, by whom he has issue,

1. John, Lord Hinton, born July Sth, 1783.

2. Sophia, born March l6th, 1785.

3. William, born Sept. 12th, 1789, in the Armyj died Dec.
1805.

4. Vere, born Dec. 7th, 1791.

5. Harriet-Bridget- Anne, born July 4th, 1793.

6. Frederick-Charles, born July 6th, 1794-.

His Lordship was in 1795 appointed a Lord of the Bedcham-
ber, which office he still holds; was Colonel of the Somersetshire
Regiment of Fencible Cavalry in the late war 5 and is Colonel of
the Militia of that county.

Titles. John Poulett, Earl Poulett, Viscount and Baron Pou-
lett, of Hinton St. George.

Creations. Baron Poulett, of Hinton St. George, in the county
of Somerset, June 23d, 1627, 3 Car. I. Viscount of the same
place, and Earl Poulett, Dec. 24th, 1706, 5th of Queen Anne.

Arms. Sable, three swords in pile, their points in base, Ar-
gent, pomels and hilts Or.

Crest. On a wreath, an arm embowed in armour, and bran*
dishing a sword, all proper.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a savage man; on the sinister
a woman, both proper, wreathed about their loins and temple*
with ivy, Vert.

Motto. Gardez la foy.

Chief-Seats. At Hinton St. George in the county of Somerset;
and at Buckland in the county of Dorset,

16 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

CHOLMONDELEY, EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY.

It is singular, that the two great Cheshire families of Egerton
and Cholmondeley; though they early took different surnames,
sprung from the same male stock.

That names of men and places have been variously written, is
well known to all who have looked into our records, whereof
there is an instance in this family of Cholmondeley, denominated
from the lordship of Cholmondeley, in the hundred of Broxton,
in Cheshire, the name having been written twenty-five several
ways; viz. Chulmundele, Chulmundelly, Chelmonsleigh, Chel-
mundelegh, Cholmonelegli, &c. as is evident from divers old
deeds in the custody of the present Earl of Cholmondeley. In
Domesday-Book (which contains an account of the lands, lord-
ships, &c. in the several counties in England, except Westmore-
land, Cumberland, Northumberland, and Durham, and was
begun a in the 14th of William the Conqueror, as the Red-book
in the Exchequer manifests, but not finished till the 20th, as the
book itself declares), it was wrote Calmuudelei, and at that time
was part of the possessions of Robert, son of Hugh, Baron of
Malpas. Which Hugh also held in Cestrescire, as the same
book testifies (besides the lordship of Calmundelei), the manors
of Bedesfeld, Burwardeston, Hurdingebery, Depenbeche (now
called Malpas), Tillestone, Christestone, Eghe, Hantone, Lawe-
chedone, Dochintone, Cetelea, Brosse, Overtone, Cuntitone,
Socheliche, Tusigeham, Bicheley, Bieretone, Burwardesley,
Creuhalle, Tidnistane, Bristone, Bolebery, Tivertone, Spurre-
stowe, Fentone, Sudetohe, Butelege, and Cocneche. But the said

a Spelman's Glossary, p. 176.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. If

Robert dying without issue male, the barony of Malpas, with the
lordship of Calmundelei, &c.k devolved on his only daughter and
heir Lettice, married to Richard de Belward,c whose son (or
grandson), William de Behvard, was married to Beatrix, daugh-
ter'1 of Hugh Kiviliock, the fifth earl of Chester, and coheir to
her brother Randal, Earl of Chester. He was, in right of his
mother, Baron of Malpas, though it is said by some, that he had
only half of the barony ; but it is agreed by Sir William Dugdale,*
and other of our antiquaries, that he left issue three sons 5 David,
Robert, hereafter mentioned, and Richard.

David, who from being Clerk (or Secretary), to the Earl of*
Chester, was sometimes wrote le Clerk, as also de Malpas, suc-
ceeded his father at Malpas ; and after the earldom of Chester
was annexed to the crown,f was Sheriff of the county of Chester,
in 36 Henry III. bearing the name of David de Malpas. He
left issue Sir William de Malpas, who died without lawful issue;
Philips second son, who seating himself at Egerton, left that
surname to his posterity, from whom the family of Egerton is

b Camden, in his Treatise on Surnames, says :

" For variety and alteration of names in one family, upon diverse respects, X
will give you one Cheshire example for all, out of an ancient roll belonging to Sir
William Brereton, of Brereton, Knight, which I saw twenty years since.

<* Not long after the Conquest, William Belward, lord of the moiety of Mal-
pas, had two son9, Dan David, of Malpas, surnamed Le Clerke, and Richard.
Dan David had William, his eldest son, surnamed de Malpas; his second son
was named Philip Gogh, one of the issue of whose eldest sons took the name of
Egerton 5 a third son took the name of David Gclborne j and one of his sons the
name of Goodman. Richard, the other son of the aforesaid William Belward,
had three sons, who took also divers names ; viz. Thomas de Cstgrave \ Wil-
liam de Overton j and Richard Little, who had two fons ; the one named Ken
Clarke, and the other John Richardson. Herein you may note alteration of name*
in respect of habitation, in Egerton, Cotgrave, Overton. In respect of colour,,
in Gogh, that is, Red ; in respect of quality, in him that was called Goodman ;
in respect of stature, in Richard Little; in respect of learning, in Ken-Clarke ;
in respect of the father's Christian name, in Richardson : all descending from
William Belward.

•* And verily, the gentlemen of those so different names in Cheshire, would
not easily be induced to believe they were descended from one house, if it were
not warranted by so ancient a proof." Camd. Rem. 1637. p. 141.

c Records, Sec. hujus Fam. MS. p. 103, 104. penes Prsehon. Geo. com.
Cholmondeley.

d Banks supposes her to have been illegitimate. Extinct Peerage, I. 203.
e Ex Stemmate penes Johr Egerton de Oulton, Arm.

f Leicefter's Antiquities of Cheshire, p. 178.

S Ex Stemmate deFamil.de Egerton, penes Joh. Egerton, praeJ.
VOL. IV. C

18 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

descended, whereof the present Earls of Bridgwater and Wilton
are derived.

Peter, another of the sons of the said David, took the name of
Clerk ; and his posterity, seated at Thornton, bore that surname,
as was customary in those times. h Which line terminated in the
reign of Edward III. in six daughters and coheirs of Sir Peter Ic
Clerk.

I now return to Robert, second son of William, Baron of
Malpas, of whom I am principally to treat, being the direct an-
cestor to this family of Cholmondeley, as all antiquaries agree j
for having, by the gift of his father, the lordship of Cholmon-
deley, and fixing his residence there,1 he assumed that surname
(as was most usual in those times), which his posterity hath ever
since retained. He married Mabel, daughter of Robert Fitz-Nigel,
Baron of Halton, with whom he had the lordship of Christleton,
and a release of the hospital of Cholmondeley.

kThsir son and heir was Sir Hugh de Chelmundeleigh, as
the name was then wrote in a charter,1 without date, of Robert,
son of Liulph, and Mabilla his wife, whereunto the said Sir Hugh
de Chelmundeligh, and Robert, his son, were witnesses. He had
a release from Ranulph,m Earl of Chester, for himself and his
heirs, of all right of suits of courts, and justice, owing to the
hundred of Broxstone, for his lands of Cholmundeley. Which
release is without date (as in old times was usual), but is witnes-
sed by Philip de Orebie, Justice of Chester, in the n beginning of
the reign of Henry III. and many others. The said Sir Hugh is
also mentioned in a fine, in 14 Henry II I. ° between Sibil, daugh-
ter of William de Goldburne, and William Clerk, of Handley,
levied before William de Vernon, then Justice of Chester. He
married Felice, natural daughter of Ranulph de Blundeville, Earl
of Chester and Lincoln,? by whom he had the beforementioned
Robert, his son and heirj Richard, second son; and a daughter,
Felice.

Which Robert, in several old deeds, is written Lord of Chol-
mondeley; and Simon de Christelton, styling him nepoti suo,
^releases to him his claim of two bovates of land, with the ap-

h MS. de Famil. de Cholmondeley, praed. p. 104.

I Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. II. p. 474. k Ibid.

1 Cart, penes Hen. Manwaring de Croxton, Arm.

m Ex Scrip. Tho. Aston de Aston, Bar.

f1 Leicester's Antiquities of Cheshire, p. 178.

» Fines 14 Henry III. in OfEc. Prothon. Ceflr.

P Ex Stemmate. 1. MS. ut antea, p. 6.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 19

purtenances in Christelton, which Sir Hugh de Chelmundeley,
brother to him the said Simon de Christelton, gave to him*
Which land, this Robert de Chelmundeley gave by charter to the
abbey of Chester, with his body to be buried in the churchyard
of St. Werbugh : Richard de Chelmundeley, his brother, releas-
ing his claim thereto, as is evident from charters entered in the
ledger book of the abbey of Chester. He married Beatrix,
daughter to Urian St. Peire,r or (as others), daughter of David le
Clerk, baron of half the barony of Malpas, and sister to Idonea,
the wife of Urian de St. Peire, by whom he had issue his son and
heir,

Richard, wrote Lord of Cholmondeley, in a deed without
date,s wherein he grants to Hugh, his son and heir, all his lands
in Cholmondeley, Wythall, &c. He married Margery, sister and
coheir of Richard de Kingsley,1 and daughter of Sir Richard de
Kingsley (Lord of Kingsley, Norley, Newton, Codington, and
of the bailywick of Delamere-forest), who was great-grandson of
Handle de Kingsley, who had the forestership of Delamere, of the
grant of Randle, the first Earl of Chester of that name. The said
Margery is mentioned in 29 Henry III. as one of the coheirs of
Richard de Kingsley, her brother 5 and surviving her husband,
grants, by deed without date," to Hugh de Camera, her kinsman,
and his heirs, one plow-land in Aston, paying one pair of white
gloves yearly, at the feast of the Nativity of St. John Baptist, and
one lance every second year 5 whereunto are witnesses, Robert de
Celmundele, and others -, and her seal, appendant, is a branch of
a tree, circumscribed, in old characters, S. Margarie Celmundele,
She had issue three sons (of whom, Richard, the eldest, died with-
out issue) j and several daughters.

The eldest surviving son was Hugh de Cholmondeley, men-
tioned in several deeds, in the reign of Edward I. and II. He
married Catherine, daughter of William de Spurstow, and left
issue, Richard, his son and heir 5 William, hereafter mentioned;
Robert, and Thomas.

Robert is wrote son of Hugh de Cholmundelegh, in a writ of
error, 23 Edward III.X concerning lands in Wyncham, near Pic-
merj wherein he, and Alice his wife (daughter and coheir to
John de Wasteneys, of Wyncham., in Cheshire), were, with

. * MS. p. 86. « E>c Collect. Will. Vernon de Shakerley. ,

1 Ex Stemmate de Kingsley. " Cart, penes Tho.-Aston de Aston, Bar.

* Ex Origin, in Castro Cestr.

20 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

others, plaintiffs. Also in 35 Edward III. hey gave in trust to
Hugh del Halgh, chaplain, his property in all his lands in Chor-
ley, Werleston, Berkesford, and Wich-Malbank, to which charter,
John de Delves, then Lieutenant and Justice of Chester, was a
witness. He left issue two sons, William, and John,2 wrote son
of Robert de Cholmundeley, of Chorley, in 13 Henry IV. at
which time he had the guardianship of John, son and heir of
William Crew de Sond. He succeeded his brother William, at
Chorley, in the 4th year of Henry IV.a as appears by inquisition
ta£en after his death ; and in the 9th year of Henry V. is wrote
John de Cholmondeley de Chorley j and,b with Robert, his son,
grants to Margaret, wife of Edmund de Munsale, a moiety of the
village of Wyncham. From the said Robert, who married Alice,
daughter of Sir Robert Needham, of Shenton, descended John •
Cholmondeley, of Chorley, who, by Joan his wife, daughter and
coheir of Thomas Heyton,c was father to Sir Richard Cholmon-
deley, Lieutenant of the Tower of London; and Roger Cholmon-
deley, Knight of the Body to King Henry VIII. j he died 28th
April, 1538 j and by Catherine, daughter of Richard Constable,
of Flamborough, in Yorkshire, had Sir Richard Cholmondeley,
of Thornton, who married Margaret, daughter of William Lord
Conyers, and became lineal ancestor to the Cholmondeley s of
Whitby, in Yorkshire*

I now return to Richard, eldest son of Hugh de Cholmonde-
ley, by Catherine his wife, daughter of William de Spurstow.
Which Richard, by his charter c without date, releases to Richard,
son of Pagan, and his heirs (in consideration of five marks), a
quit-rent of 10s. per ann. for land held of him in Christleton-
Parva; but reserves for homage and service, a pair of white

7 Ex Collect. W. Vernon de Shakerley, a Record in Castro Cestr.

z Ibid, in 13 Henry IV. a Es. 4 Henry IV. in Castro Cestr.

b Ex. Collect. W. Vernon de Shakerley, praed. c Ex Stemmate.

A Hugh Cholmley, Esq. represented Heydon in Parliament, from 1708 to
1722. He was Surveyor of the King's Honours, Castles, &c. and a Commis-
sioner of the Victualling Office. A few years ago, a curious Family Memoir of
this branch was printed for private distribution. Sir Edward Dering, of Suren-
den, in Kent, Bart, married Elizabeth, eldest daughter and coheir of Sir William
Cholmley, of Whitby, in Yorkshire, Bart, by whom he was father of Sir Cholm-
ley Dering, Bart, who died 171 1.

In 156^, Sir Roger Cholmley was Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench, and
wa* founder of a free Grammar School, at Hornsey, in Middlefex.. See Ljsons's
Environs, III. 64, but I know not of what branch he was.
e Ex Collect. R\ Holme de Cestr, Gen.

i

• * EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 21

gloves yearly, on the feast of St. John Baptist, according to the
charter of Robert de Cholraundeley, granted to the said Richard,
son of Pagan. And being also wrote Richard, son of Hugh de
Cholmundeley/ was summoned in 13 Edward II. to the court of
pleas at Chester, to answer Thomas, Abbot of St. Werburgh, why
he destrained the chattels of the said Abbot, in Wardhull de-
mesnes, in Halghton. To which he pleaded, that the seizure
was just j it being not in the town of Halghton, but in Rowe-
Christleton, the lordship of which town belonged to him the said
Richard de Cholmundeley. On what account he had this con-
troversy with the Abbot, does not appear; but the same year he
summoned the said Abbot, and William de Bebynton, to answer
why they seized and detained his chattels at Hull, near Wades-
dale, in Row Christleton : whereunto the Abbot pleaded, that he
took them not in Christleton, but in Halghton demesnes, belong-
ing to the manors of Huntington, and Halghton. He was living
in 9 Edward III, being then wrote Richard de Cholmundeley,
senior j and, with Mabilla his wife, were * deforciants, in a fine
levied before William de Clinton, Justice of Chester. Also in
31 Edward III. Richard, son of Hugh de Cholmundeley,h claimed
view of frank-pledge, waifs, strays, Sec. in Cholmondley $ and the
same year being styled Richard Lord of Cholmondley,1 claimed
the privilege of holding courts for trial of all manner of pleat
within his demesnes of Cholmondley and Christleton.

He left issue, Richard, his son and heir, who departed this
life without issue, in 35 Edward III. and by inquisition k taken
after his death, William, son of Hugh de Cholmondley, was found
to be his next heir ; and that Maud, wife of Richard de Chol-
mondley, father of the said Richard, held in dower four messuages,
and 60 acres of land in Cholmondley.

Which William married Elizabeth, daughter to Sir William
de Brereton, of Brereton, Knt. and was dead in 4g Edward III.
when the said William de Brereton, Knt. had, in consideration
of the sum1! 661. 13 s. 4d. payable to the King within the
term of seven years, the guardianship of Richard, son and heir
of William de Cholmondeley, and his marriage, without dispa-
ragement j as also the reversion of the dowry (when it shall hap-

f PlacitaCom. Cestr. 13 Edw. II..

g Fines in Prothon. Offic. Cestr. 9. Edw. III.

h Placita Com. Cestr. 31 Edw. III. * Ibid,

k Efc. 35 Edward. Ill in Cast. Cest.

1 Cart, penes Will. Domini Brerston de Brerettn.

22 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

i

pen), of Maud, wife of the late Richard de Cholmondley. And
if the said Richard, son and heir of William de Cholmondley,
should die before he attained his full age, that he the said Sir
William de Brereton should have the guardianship and marriage
of Catharine and Margery, sisters of the aforesaid Richard de
Cholmondley.

Which Richard de Cholmondley married two wives ; Anne,
daughter of John Bromley, of Badington, and Alice, daughter of
Richard de Henhull, of Henhull. Which Richard de Henhull
dying in 1 1 Rich. II. the said Alice was found (by the inquisi-
tion taken after his death), to be his daughter and coheir,"1 and
then the wife of Richard de Cholmondelegh, as the name at that
time was wrote.

His son and heir was William de Cholmondley,'1 who died
before him in 10 Henry IV. having issue by his wife, Maud,
daughter of Sir John Cheyney, of Willaston in Wirral, in com.
Cestr. Knt. (and coheir to her mother, Maud, daughter and co-
heir to Thomas de Capenhurst), "Richard his son and heir, and
John Cholmondley, second son of Copenhall, in Staffordshire, an-
cestor to the Cholmondley s of Copenhall, and others.

Richard de Cholmondeley, eldest son, is mentioned p in the
fine rolls in 4 Edw. IV. as one of the Justices in the county of
Chester, before whom fines are levied, as also in 22 Edw. IV.
when i he was wrote Richard de Cholmondelegh, senior ; and
likewise in 2 Hen. VII. He departed this life in 4 Hen. VH.r
as the inquisition taken after his death shews ; and having mar-
ried Ellen, daughter of John Davenport, of Davenport, Esq. had
issue his son and heir,

Richard de Cholmondley, who married Eleanor, fifth daugh-
ter of Sir Thomas Dutton, of Dutton, and sister and coheir to
John, her brother, who died before he was of full age.* Which
family of Dutton, descended from Huddard Lord of Dutton, bro-
ther to Nigel, Baron of Halton ; and were enriched by the mar-
riages of the heirs of Minshul, of Minshul, and of Sir Piers
Thornton, of Thornton, in Cheshire. A Quo Warranto was
brought in 15 Henry VII.* against William de VVilbraham,
Thomas Booth, and Richard Belputon, feoffees of and in the

» Es. ii Rich. II. in Cast. Cestr. n Ex Stemmate in MS. praed.

• Ibid. P Fines 4 Edw. IV. in Castro Cestr.

q Ibid. %% Edw. IV. and 2 Hen. VII. » Esc. 4 Hen. VII.

» Ex Stem, de Dutton in MS. praed. p. 100.
3- Quo Warranto 1 5 Hen. VII. in Offic Prothon. Cestr.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 23

lands and tenements of Richard de Cholmondeley, of Cholmon-
deley, Esq. to answer to the Prince and Earl of Chester, by what
authority they claimed view of frank pledge in the manor of
Cholmondeley, and waifs and strays there, and to be discharged
from suit or service to the Earl's court, and of the hundred of
Dunston, & de uno Judice, &c. Whereunto they produced an
exemption as to the suit of court, & de uno Judice, by the charter
of Ranulph Earl of Chester and Lincoln, granted to Hugh de
Cholmondeley, wherein he was discharged of those services j and
as to view of frank pledge, waifs and strays, they pleaded pre-
scription. This Richard de Cholmondeley was a benefactor to
the church of Badelcy ; upon which account, his figure, accord-
ing to the custom of those times, was painted in glass, in the
highest window on the south side next the chancel. He is pour-
trayed kneeling before a desk, and a book before him, with the
arms of his family, viz. Gules, two Helmets in chief, Argent,
garnish 'd, Or; and in lase Garb of the third; and underneath
was this inscription in the year 16JO: ' Orate pro bono statu.

et Richardi Cholmondly ' He

leftHssue a son,

Richard Cholmondeley, Esq. one of the Justices "before
whom fines were levied, from 1/ Henry VII. to 24 Henry VIII.
and whov in 30 Henry VIII. departed this life,3 seised (as the in-
quisition shews, taken March 20, the same year), of the manors
of Cholmondley, Church Minsule, and Aston ; and of divers
other manors and lands in Gildon, Sutton, Broughton, Pulton-
Lancelyn, Whitley, Hawarden, Copenhurst, Laerton, Chorley,
Badcley, Bikerton, Malpas, Hampton, Ebnall, Tushingham, Bra-
deley, and Kinderton. He repaired the chancel of Cholmondley
in the beginning of the reign of Henry VIII. and on the skreen
of it his arms are cut, and this inscription j " Orate pro bono
" statu Richardi Cholmundley et Elizabeth Uxoris ejus, sacelli
tf factoris, Anno Domini Millesimo quingentesimo quarto decimo."
He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Sir Roger Corbet, of
Morton Corbet, in com. Salop, Knt. by whom he had issue an
only daughter, Maud, wedded to Sir Peter Newton,* Knt. But
by his second wife Elizabeth, daughter to Sir Randle Brereton of
Malpas, chamberlain of Chester (who survived him, and was
afterwards married to Sir Randle Mainwaring, of Over Pever*
Knt.) he had several children \ whereof these daughters were

■ Fines in Offic. Pyothon. Cestr. deiisd. Ann. * Esc. 30 Hen. VIII.

24 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

married, viz. Catherine, to Richard Priestland, of Priestland and
Wardhill, in Cheshire, Esq.; Agnes, to Randle Mainwaring, of
Carington, Esq.; and Ursula, to Thomas Stanley, of Wever, Esq.
Hugh Choldmondley was his eldest son and heir; and

Randle Cholmondley, a younger son, being educated in the
study of the laws at Lincoln's-Inn, was elected Autumn-reader
of that society, in 5 Edward VI. but did not read, because of the
pestilence, f In 6 Edward VI. he was Lent-reader of the said
society; and in 4 and 5 Philip and Mary, Double reader thereof j*
at which time he was Recorder of the city of London. In the
last year of King Philip and Queen Mary, a he was elected Ser-
jeant at law : also in the first year of Queen Elizabeth, was
Treble -reader of the society, whereof he was a member,0 and was
then called by that Queen's writ to be serjeant at law. His
learning and knowledge in the laws appear from his being so
often Reader of this society; but he died without issue on April
25, 1563.

Hugh Cholmondley, the eldest son,c was 25 years of age at
his father's death, in 30 Henry VIII. He was in that expedition
made into d Scotland under the Duke of Norfolk, 3d Henry VIII.
and for his valiant behaviour there, received the honour of knight-
hood at Leith. In the reign of King Philip and Queen Mary,
•he raised, at his own expense, 100 men, to march under the
Earl of Derby, who in September, 1557, was sent to oppose the
Scots on their invading England, and threatening to besiege Ber-
wick. He was a person of great honour/ and for his admirable
gifts of wisdom, temperance, continency, liberality, hospitality,
and godly departure at his end, left few who were his equals; and
his death was lamented by all sorts of people, having for fifty
years together s been esteemed the father of his country, by the
good offices he did to all who applied themselves to him, which
appears from many arbitrations on record, that were left to his
determination. He was five limes Sheriff of Cheshire,11 as also
Sheriff of Flintshire, for some years, and a long time one of the
two only deputy-lieutenants of Cheshire; and for a good space
Vice-president of the Marches of Wales, in the absence of the

y Dugdale's Orlg. Jurld. p. 252. ' z lbid-

* Dugdale's Chron. series, p. 91 b Pat. 1 EH*. P- 4-

« Esc. 30 Henry VIII. d Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. II. p. 474.

c Strype's Historical Memorials, p. 433> 435*
f King's Description of Cheshire, p. 54.
g Fuller's Worthies of Cheshire, p. 187. h King, ut antea.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 25

famous Sir Henry Sidney, Knt. Lord-deputy of Ireland. He de-
parted this life in the 83 d year of his age, on January 6, 15p§-7>
seised (as the inquisition after his death shews), • of the manor of
Cholmondeley, and of twenty-two messuages, four cottages, two
water-mills, and one wind-mill, &c, in Cholmondeley; as alfo
of the manor or barony of Wicb-Malbank, with all the rents,
reversions, services, &c. the manor of Barkesford, alias Basford*
with the appurtenances, and the several manors of Moldsworth,
Bickley, Norbury, with Alhurst, Aston juxta Mondrem, Church-
Minsule, two parts of the manor of Copenhurst, the manors of
Newbald and Elderston juxta Wich-Malbank, and the fourth
part of the vill of Burwardsley ; with divers lands and tenements
in Henhull, alias Hendle, Barton, Haughton, Horton, Tilston,
Rowton, alias Row-Christleton, Wirswall, Bradley Boughton,
Haslington, Badington, Chowley, Plumley, two messuages, and
two salt-works in North- wich, and lands in Worleston, Wren-
bury, Frith, Egerton, Church Shocklach, and Shocklach Oyat,
Audlim, Swanbach, Golbourne, Bellow juxta Tattenhall, Church-
Copenhall, Monks-Copenhall, Woodbanke alias Rough- Sho-
wicke infra Great Saughall, Bebyngton, St. Ann's Heys, in the
parish of Plumstall, &c. Beckford, Newhall; and of one capital
messuage called Cholmondlev-house, in the parish of St. John
Baptist in the suburbs of the city of Chester ; also of the manors
of Hinton and Madford, in Somersetshire ; and lands in Shrop-
shire and Flintshire. He lies buried in the chancel of the family
in the church of Malpas; and a noble monument is erected there;
his effigies, with his lady by him, lying thereon.

He married two wives ; but by Mary his last Lady, daughter
to Sir William Griffith of Pentrin, relict of Sir Randle Brereton
of Malpas, he had no issue. His first lady was Anne, daughter
and coheir to George Dorman of Malpas, k by Agnes his wife,
daughter and heir of Thomas Hill of Malpas, son of Humphry
Hill, and of Anne his wife, daughter and coheir of John Bird of
Chorlton, by Catharine his wife, aunt and heir of David de Mal-
pas, of Hampton and Bickerton, in com. Cestr. ; and the said
Humphry Hill was lineally descended from Hugh Hill, who in
the reign of King Edward III. married Eleanor, daughter and
coheir of Hugh de Wloukeslow, lord of Wloukeslow, in com. Sa-
lop ; and the coats of arms, of these heiresses, the present Earl of

i Esc. 39 Eliz. in the Exchequer of Chester.
k Ex Stem, de Famil. Hill, in MS. prsed. p. 105.

$Q PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Cholmondeley has a right to quarter. Sir Hugh had issue (by the
aforesaid Anne), three sons, and one daughter;

Frances, married to Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, in com.
Cestr. Esq. father (by her, of Sir Richard Wilbraham, Knt. and
Bart, whose male issue terminated in Sir Thomas Wilbraham,
who had two daughters, his coheirs ; viz. Grace, married to
Lionel Tolmache, first Earl of Dysart; and Mary, to Richard
Newport, second Earl of Bradford, and father by her of the last
two Earls.

Of Sir Hugh's three sons, only the eldest left issue, who was
named after his father Hugh.

Which Hugh Cholmondley, of Cholmondley,1 was knighted
in the lifetime of his father, in 1588, the memorable year of the
Spanish invasion ; and at his father's decease wasm forty-six years
of age and more n He was heir to his virtues, as well as to his
esate ; and gave many proofs of an honourable benevolence, and
a steady adherence to the Protestant religion, and the interests of
his country. Before he was twenty-one years of age, he headed
130 men,° raised by his father's interest and expense, and marched
with them for the suppression of that rebellion in the North,
begun p in the 12th year of Queen Elizabeth, under the leading
of the Earls of Westmorland and Northumberland, for restoring
the Romish religion : and the Queen's forces having put them to
flight, those Earls, with other of the conspirators, were attainted
in parliament. He was twice the Queen's Escheator of the
county of Chester,^ viz. in 33 and 41 Eliz.r as also Sheriff of the
same county; and in 42 Eliz. was in a special commission, with
the $ Lord Chancellor Egerton, Thomas Lord Buckhursr, Lord
Treasurer of England, and others, for the suppression of schism.
He increased his estate by his marriage, and by divers purchases,
as appears by the inquisition after his death, in 43 Eliz.* which
shews that he departed this life on the 23d of July the same year,
and that Robert Cholmondley, Esq. was the eldest son and heir,
and of the age of seventeen years, on the l6th of June last past.
He lies buried with his ancestors in the chancel of the family, in

MS. de Equit. penes raeip. m Esc. 39 Eliz.

* Fuller's Worthies, p. 187. ° MS. hujus Famil. praed. p. 88.

P Camden's Hist, of Q^Eliz. in Hist, of Eng. Vol. I. p. 422.

1 Leicester's Antiq. of Chesh. p. 187.

< Bundle of Inquisitions in the Exchequer at Chester.

» Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. XVI. p. 386. * Esc. 43 Eliz. in Scac. Cestr.

EARL OF CHOMONDELEY. 2f

the church of Malpas, where his Lady had also sepulture, who
lived many years after him, deceasing on the 15th of August
1626. Her name was Mary ; and she was sole daughter and heir
of Christopher Holford, of Holford, Esq. by Elizabeth his wife,
daughter and coheir of Sir Randle Manwaring, of Pever and Ba-
deley in Cheshire, elder brother to Philip Manwaring, Esq.; of
whom descended Sir Thomas Manwaring, Knt. and Bart. The
said Christopher Holford was grandsonu and heir to Sir John Hol-
ford, and of Margery his wife, sole daughter and heir of Ralph
Brereton of Escoyd, second son of Randle Brereton, grandson and
heir of Sir Randle Brereton of Malpas, Knt. x and of Alice his
wife, daughter and coheir to William de Ipston, by Maud, heir
to Sir Robert Swynerton, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, daughter
and coheir to Sir Nicholas Beake, and of Jane his wife, only
daughter of Ralph Earl of Stafford, by his second wife, Catharine,
daughter and coheir of Sir John de Hastang of Chebsey, in com.
Staff. And this family of Cholmondley, by the marriage of the
Holfords with the daughter and heir of Brereton, is also mater-
nally descended from Alice, fourth daughter of David, Earl of
Huntingdon, third son of Henry, Earl of Huntingdon, son of Da-
vid, King of Scotland; the Earldom of Huntingdon^ being for
some time in the royal line of Scotland. And the said Alice was
also, by her mother,2 descended from the Earls of Chester ; she
being eldest daughter of Hugh Kiveliock, Earl of Chester, and
sister and heir of Randle, Earl of Chester.

The said Mary, Lady Cholmondley, had a great contest with
George Holford of Newborough, about the lands that descended
to her by the death of her father, Christopher Holford, Esq. ;
which,* after it bad continued for above forty years, was at length,
by the mediation of friends, composed : and on the partition, she
had the manors and lordships of Holford, Bulkeley, and other
large possessions. This Lady in her widowhood resided at Hol-
ford, which she rebuilt and enlarged ; and by conducting, with
spirit, the great suit beforementioned, was styled by James I.
** The bold Lady of Cheshire." She had issue, by Sir Hugh
Cholmondeley, six sons and three daughters;

Mary, married to Sir George Calveley of Ley, in com. Cestr.
Knt. ; Lettice, wife to Sir Richard Grosvenor of Eaton, Knt.

« Ex Stem, de Famil. de Holford.
x Ex Stem, de Fam. Brereton & Ipston.
y Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. I. p. 608, 609. z Ibid. p. 33, & 45.

* Leicester's Antiq. of Chesh. p. 344.

28 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and Bart, j and Frances, wedded to Peter Venables, Baron of Kin-
der ton.

Of the sons, three died unmarried. The others were Robert-
Hugh, ancestor to the present Earl of Cholmondeley j and
Thomas, seated at Vale-Royal/ married Elizabeth, daughter
and heir of John Minshull of Minshull, Esq. and departing this
life on January 3d, 1652, was buried at Minshull, haviqg had
issue Thomas Cholmondeley of Vale- Royal ; Robert, second son,
who died on September 4th, 1658 ; Francis, third son; Mary,
married to Thomas Middleton, Esq eldest son of Sir Thomas
Middleton of Chirk-castle; Catharine,13 wife to Charles Mainwa-
ring of Jghtfleld, in com. Salop, Esq. ; and Elizabeth, who died
unmarried. The said Thomas, eldest son, was one of the Knights
of the shire for the county of Chester in the reign of Charles II.
and by his first wife, Jane, daughter of Sir Lionel Talmasb, Knt.
and Bart, (grandfather of Lionel, first Earl of Dysart of his
name), had issue one son, Robeitt, and three daughters j Eliza-
beth, married to Sir Thomas Vernon, of Hodnet, in com. Salop,
Bart. ; Jane, who died unmarried ; and Mary, wedded to John
Egerton of Oulton, in com. Cestr. Esq. His second wife was
Anne, daughter of Sir Walter St. John (and sister to Henry, late
Lord Viscount St. John), and by her (who died in Dec. 1742,
aged ninety-two), had issue two sons and a daughter 3 Charles,
who succeeded to the estate; and Seymour, who married Eliza-
beth, eldest daughter of John Lord Ashburnham, widow of Robert
Cholmondeley, of Holford, Esq.; and dying on July 26th, 173£,
at. Arden, in Cheshire, left no issue by her. His daughter was
Johanna, married to Amos Meredith, Esq. son and heir to Sir
William Meredith, of Henbury, in Cheshire, Bart. Robert, eldest
son of the said Thomas Cholmondeley, married Elizabeth, sister
to Sir Thomas Vernon, Bart.c and deceasing 1679, leaving one
daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Atherton, of the county
Palatine of Lancaster, Esq.d the estate devolved on his brother>

a Vale-Royal was the site of an ancient abbey. See an Elegy or Ode on it,
among T. Warton's Poems.

b Born 1641 ; married 1657; died 1702.

c Sir Thomas Vernon left a son, Richard, who died S. P. in Poland ; and a
surviving daughter, Henrietta; who dying 1752, left her estate at Hodnet to her
cousin, Mrs. Heber.

"* Elizabeth, their daughter and heir, married, 1722, Thomas Heber, Esq. of
Marton, in Yorkshire } who dying 1752, was grandfather of the present Richard
Keber, Esq. of Marton and Hodnet, well known in the literary world. WTntahr's
Craven, 68.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 29

Charles Cholmondley, of Vale-Royal, Esq. one of the Knights
for Cheshire in eight several parliaments, from 1722 till his death,
1759 j who married Essex, eldest daughter of Thomas Pitt, Esq.
(and sister to the late Countess of Stanhope), by whom he had
issue (who lived to maturity), four daughters; Essex, Jane, Mary,
and Elizabeth; of whom, Jane was married in August, 1732, to
the third son of Owen Merrick, Esq. of Bodorgan, in Anglesey,
for which he was member 1 Geo. I. ; and one son, Thomas, his
heir, one of the Knights for the county of Chester, on his father's
death, 1759; and again 1762. His son, Thomas Cholmondeley,
Esq. was elected for the same in 179^ and continues to represent
it to this day.

I now return to Robert, eldest son of Sir Hugh Cholmonde-
ley; who being a well-deserving person, and enjoying an ample
estate, was, upon June 29th (l6ll), 9 Jac. I. advanced to the
dignity of a Baronet, being the 36th order of creation : also by
Charles I. was advanced to the degree of a Viscount of the king-
dom of Ireland, by the title of Viscount Cholmondeley of Kellis,
in the province of Leinster, in that realm, A. D. 1628. " And
afterwards/ in consideration of his special service, in raising
several companies of foot in Cheshire, in order to the quenching
those rebellious flames which began to appear anno 1(542, and
sending many other to the King, then at Shrewsbury (which
stood him in high stead in that memorable battle of Kineton,
happening soon after), as also raising other forces for defending
the city of Chester, at the first siege thereof by his Majesty's ad-
versaries in that county, and courageous adventure in the fight at
Tilston-Heath j together with his great sufferings, by the plunder
of his goods, and firing his houses;' was by letters patent, bearing
date at Oxford, September 1st, 21 Car. I. created a Baron of the
kingdom of England, by the title of Lord Cholmondeley, of
Wiche-Mallank (commonly called Nantwiche), in com. Cestr.
And by other letters patent, bearing date on March 5th next
ensuing, was created Earl of the province of Leinster, in Ireland.
When the royal power was at an end, and the whole kingdom
was under the obedience of the parliament, he was suffered to
compound for his estate; f but paid no less a fine for the enjoy-
ment of it, than 77421. He was revered for his liberal hospitality,
his conduct in the government of his country, and other virtues.
He married Catharine, daughter of John Lord Stanhope, of Har-

e Bill. Si^n. z\ Car. I. f Lloyd'i Memoirs of Loyalists, p. 681.

SO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

rington, but died without lawful issue, on Oct. 2d, 165Q, and was
buried by his Lady (who deceased on June 15th, 1(357), on the
8th of the same month, in the chancel of the family at Malpas.
Whereupon Robert, his nephew, son of Hugh, his brother, be-
came heir to his estate.

Which Hugh Cholmondeley, Esq. married Mary, daughter of
Sir John Bodville, of Bodville-castle, in Carnarvonshire, and aunt
to the Lady Viscountess Bodmin, mother to Russel Robarts, Earl
of Radnor. He departed this life at Bodville, on Sept. 11th, 1655,
and was buried with his ancestors at Malpas, having had issue,
two sons and three daughters 3 but none left issue, except Ro-
bert, his eldest son.

Which Robert Cholmondeley, Esq. succeeding his uncle, the
Lord Cholmondeley and Earl of Leinster, was, for his own great
merits, and the services of his ancestors, dignified with the title
of discount Cholmondeley ', of Kellis, formerly enjoyed by his said
uncle, by letters patent, bearing date March 2()th,s 1661. His
lordship married Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of George Cra-
dock, of Caverswall-castlc, in Staffordshire, Esq. ; and departing
this life in May, l6Sl, had issue by her, Hugh, late Earl of Chol-
mondeley ;

Robert,11 second son, who died at Westminster-school, Feb. 4th,
aged fourteen, and was buried in the Abbey church of Westmin-
ster, Feb. 14th, 1678.

George, third son, succeeded his brother as Earl of Cholmon-
deley ,

And, Richard, fourth son,' buried in Westminster abbey, A. D.
168O5

Also one daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Egerton, of
Egerton and Oulton, in com. Cestr. Esq. eldest son and heir of Sir
Philip Egerton, second surviving son of Sir Rowland Egerton, of
Egerton, Knt. and Bart, and of his Lady, Bridget, daughter of
Arthur, Lord Grey of Wilton.k

Hugh, First Earl, the eldest son, succeeded his father as
discount Cholmondeley, of Kellis, in Ireland ; and joining with
those persons who opposed the arbitrary measures of James II. he
was, on the accession of King William and Queen Mary to the
throne of these realms, created Lord Cholmondeley, of Nampt-

g Dale's Cat. of the Nobility, p. 160.
fr Seymour's Survey of London, Vol. II. p. 569 * Ibid.

k His descendant, John Egerton, of Oulton, Esq', is now M. P. for the city of
Chester.

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 31

wich, by letters patent, dated April 10th, 1689, with limitation
of the honour, for want of issue male, on the honourable George
Cholmondeley, his brother. On March 29th, 1705, he was sworn
of the Privy-council to Queen Anne j and on Dec. 27th, 1700,
advanced to the dignity of discount Malpas, and Earl of Chol-
mondeley, with the like entail on his said brother George, second
Earl of Cholmondeley. On April 22d, 1708, his Lordship was
constituted Comptroller of her Majesty's household : and on May
10th following, when a new Privy-council was settled, according
to an act of Parliament, on the Union of the two kingdoms, he
was again sworn thereof j also on October 6th, the same year,
appointed Treasurer of her Majesty's houshold. He was also con-
stituted by her Majesty, Lord-lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum
of the county of Chester, and city and county of Chester, and
Lord-lieutenant of North-Wales j but was removed from his em-
ployments in the year 1713.

On the accession of George I. his Lordship was constituted
Treasurer of his household, and succeeded to the several honours
and trusts, from which he was removed in 1713 ; but dying un-
married, on Jan. 18th, 1724-5, was succeeded in his estate and
honours by his only brother,

George, second Earl, who after being well grounded in
learning at Westminster school, and at Christ Church, in Oxford,
was, in 1085, made Cornet of horse 5 and on King William's
accession to the crown, was made one of the Grooms of his bed-
chamber. His Lordship served in all the wars of that reign;
and; at the battle of the Boyne, commanded the horse grenadier
guards ; likewise at the battle of Steenkirk, when his Majesty
attacked the French army in their camp, his Lordship particularly
distinguished himself, and was wounded. And his Majesty, in
his camp at Promellos, on June 17th, 1697* declaring three Colo-
nels Brigadiers general of horse, Colonel Cholmondeley was the
firft of them. On July 1st, 1702, he was constituted Major-
general of her Majesty's forces, and Governor of the forts of Til-
bury and Gravesend. Also, on Jan. 1st, 1703-4, was declared
Lieutenant-general of her Majesty's horse forces.

On George I's accession to the throne, his Lordship was conti-
nued in his government of Gravesend and Tilbury forts, as also
Colonel of the horse grenadier guards. On Feb. 11th, 1714-15,
he was constituted Captain and Colonel of the third troop of
,Jaorse-guards ; and on March 15th following, created Baron of
Newhorough, in the county of Wexford, in Ireland, being the first

32 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

peer of that kingdom created by his then Majesty ; who taking
further into consideration his great merits and services, was
pleased to advance his Lordship to the Peerage of this kingdom,
by the title of Baron of Newburgh, in the Isle of Anglesey , by
letters patent, bearing date July 2d, \Jl6.

On succeeding his brother in his estate and titles, as second
Earl, his Majesty, on March 20$h, 1724 5, was pleased to appoint
his Lordship Lord-lieutenant of the county of Chester, and of
the city of Chester, and also Custos Rotulorum of the said county
of Chester; and likewise Lord-lieutenant of the counties of Den-
bigh, Montgomery, Flint, Merioneth, Carnarvon, and Anglesey.
His Lordship was also constituted on March 25th, 1725, Gover-
nor of the town and fort of Kingston upon Hull ; and on April
15th, 1727, made General of the horse; likewise, in October,
1 732, appointed Governor of the Island of Guernsey. He departed
this life, at his house, at Whitehall, on May 7th, 1/33. His
Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter to the Heer Van Baron
Ruytenburgh, by Anne-Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Lewis de
Nassau, Seignior de Auverquerk, Velt-marshal cf the forces of
the States General, and father of Henry, late Earl of Grantham.
The said Elizabeth was naturalized by act of Parliament, which
had the royal assent, Jan. 21st, 1/03-4. And by her (who died
on January 16th, 1721-2), his Lordship had issue three sons:
1. James, born Nov. 30th, 1700, and died young; 2. George;
and, 3. James; also three daughters; Henrietta, born, Nov. 26th,
1701 ; Elizabeth, born May 28th, 1705, married in Jan. 1731, to
Edward Warren, of Poynton, in Cheshire, Esq. who died 1737,
leaving issue by her the late Sir George Warren, K. B. ; Mary,
born March 9th, 1713-14, died unmarried April 1763.

James Cholmondeley, third son, born April 16tb, 1708, bore
the rank of Major on his first entrance into the army, his commis-
sion bearing date May 12th, 1725; and on April 6th, 1731, he
was constituted second Lieutenant-colonel in the third troop of
horse-guards, in which post he continued till Jan. 17th, 1740-1,
when he was appointed Colonel of the 48th regiment of foot,
then ordered to be raised; and on Dec. 18th, 1742, was pro-
moted to be Colonel of the 34th regiment of foot. In June, 1/44,
the regiment being ordered into Flanders, he made the campaign
that year. In 1 745, he was at the battle of Fontenoy, May 11th,
N. S. and in July after, was made Brigadier-general of his Ma-
jesty's forces; in which station he served the remainder of the
campaign. On the apprehension of the progress of the rebellion

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 33

ifi Scotland, his majesty thinking it proper to recal part of his
forces from abroad, he was one of the General officers, who came
over with ten battalions of foot, which arrived at Gravesend,
about the time that the news came of Sir John Cope's forces be-
ing defeated at Preston-Pans, on Sept. 21st, that year. Soon after,
he was sent to Chester, to take upon him the command of two
battalions of foot, newly arrived from Ireland, who marched un-
der his conduct, till they joined the army ot Marshal Wade, then
in Yorkshire, under whom he served as a Brigadier-general.
And when Lieutenant general Henry Hawley was sent to take
upon him the command of Marshal Wade's army, the major part
of which was immediately ordered for Scotland, to form, with
some other forces, an army to subdue the rebels, there likewise
he was one of the four Generals, who were entrusted with the
command of this army 3 Lieutenant-general Hawley, Major-gene-
ral Huske, and Brigadier-general Mordaunt, being the other
three ; and greatly signalized himself at the battle of Falkirk, on
Jan. 17th, 1745-6: but the great fatigue he underwent in this
action, joined with the extreme severity of the weather, unfortu-
nately deprived him of the use of his limbs for some time. He
was constituted Major-general of his Majesty's forces, on Sept.
23d, 1747, and promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-general, on
May 2d, 1754; and thence to that of General of foot in March,
1765. In 1747j he was made Colonel of a regiment of dragoons
in Ireland, and from thence was constituted Colonel of the regi-
nient of horse-carabineers in Ireland; and on Jan. l6th, \y50-\,
was appointed Colonel of the Inniskilling regiment of dragoons,
so denominated, from their signal behaviour at that place, when
raised there 1689. He died October 13th, 1775, without issue
by his wife, Penelope, daughter of James Barry, Earl of Barry-
more, who survived him.

The eldest surviving son, George, third Earl of Chol-
mondeley, born January 2d, 1 702-3, was a member of the house
of Commons, in two Parliaments, before he succeeded his father;
first, in 17^4, for the borough of Eastlow, in Cornwall; and was
.chosen for Windsor, in the succeeding Parliament, 1727. On the
revival of the most honourable order of the Bath, he was, on
June 17th, 1725, installed one of the Knights-companions ; and
on May 13th, 1727, appointed Master of the Robes to his Ma-
jesty. On the accession of the late King, he was constituted one
of the Commissioners of the Admiralty, and Governor of Ches-
ter. And on the establishment of the household of Frederick,

VOL. IV. d

•

*4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

late Prince of Wales, was appointed Master of his horse. Hif
Lordship, succeeding his father, was also constituted, on Nov. 2d,
1/2/, Lord-Lieutenant of North-Wales, and Lord-Eieutenant and
Custos Rotulorum of the county of Chester, also Chamberlain of
Chester. In May, 1735 (having resigned his post of Master of
the horse to the Prince), he was constituted one of the Commis-
sioners of the Treasury; and in May, 1735, was appointed Chan-
cellor of the duchy of Lancaster, and sworn of the Privy -council.
On Dec. 10th, 1743, his Majesty having been pleased to grant
to his Lordship the office of Keeper of his Majesty's Privy-seal,'
he was, three days after, sworn into the said office at St. James's,
his Majesty being present in council, and took his place at the
board accordingly. And on resigning it, his Lordship was, on
Dec. 2"th, 1744 f appointed joint Vice-treasurer, Receiver-gene-
ral, and Paymaster-general of Ireland (which he resigned in
1762), and Treasurer of war in the same kingdom, having re-
signed the Privy-seal to the Lord Gower. In 1745, at the break-
ing out of the rebellion in Scotland, his Lordship raised a regi-
ment of foot for his Majesty's service. His Lordship married, on
September 14th, 1723, Mary, only lawful daughter of Sir Robert
Walpole, first Earl of Orford ; and by her Ladyship,"1 who died
in 1731, at Aix in Provence, and was buried *at Malpns, had issue
three sons 5 viz. 1. George, late Lord Viscount Malpas ; 2. Ro-
bert j and, 3. Frederick, who died April 27th, 1734, and is bu-
ried at St. Martins in the Fields ; and one daughter, who died
soon after her birth. His Lordship was continued by his present
M.ijesty, in his posts of Lord-lieutenant, Custos Rotulorum, and
Vice-admiral of Cheshire, Governor of Chester castle, Steward
of the royal manor of Sheene, in Surrey, and one of his Privy-
council.

Robert Cholmondeley, the second son, born on 1st, and bap-
tized 28th, Nov. 1727, was some time an officer in the army: but
preferring an ecclesiastical to a military life, he entered into holy
orders ; and beside the church-livings of St. Andrew's in Hert- 1
ford, and Hertingfordbury, near that town, enjoyed the office of
Auditor-general of his Majesty's revenues in America. He died

June 6th, 1804. He married Mary, daughter of Woffing-

ton, by whom he had issue three sons and four daughters j viz.
George-James, born Feb. 22d, 1752, baptized March 20th, in
the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, who, in 1782, was ap-

i See Coxe's Sir R. Walpole, 1. 735. m Aged z6t

EARL OF CHOLMONDELEY. 35

pointed a Commissioner of the Excise, from which he retired in
1801; Horace, born Feb. 18th, 1753, baptized March l6th, hi
St. George's, Hanover Square, but died young, and was buried at
Teddington j Robert-Francis, born June 24th, 1756, baptized
July 22d. in St. George's, Hanover Square; Mary-Harriet, born
April 4th, 1754, baptized in the parish of St. James, Westminster,
killed by the overturn of the Princess of Wales's barouche, Oct.
2d, 1806; Jane-Elizabeth, born October 22d, 1758, baptized
November 20th, in the parish of St. George, Hanover Square, and
died an infant; Margaret, born July 8th, 1761, baptized Nov.
20th, in St. George's, Hanover Square, and died an infant; Hester-
Frances, born July 8th, 1763, baptized Aug. 2d, in St. George's,
Hanover Square, married Dec 3d, 1783, Sir William Bellingham,
Baronet ; Frederick died an infant ; Charlotte died young.

His Lordship's eldest son and heir, George, Lord Viscount
Malpas, born on Oct. 17th, 1724, served as a volunteer at the
battle of Fontenoy, on May llth, 1745, N. S. and immediately
after was appointed Aid-de-camp to Sir John Ligonier, and after
had a company of foot conferred on him, in Lieutenant-general
Howard's regiment of foot. On the rebellion that happened at
that time, he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the regiment
of foot raised by his father, the Earl of Cholmondeley, for the
suppression of the rebels. He served in the Parliament, 1768,
for Corffe castle, in Dorsetshire; and for Bramber, in Sussex, in
1762; and was Colonel of the Cheshire Militia, and of the 65th.
regiment of foot. His Lordship married, on Jan. 19th, 1746-7,
Hester, daughter and heir of Sir Francis Edwards, of Grete, and
of the College in Shrewsbury, both in the county of Salop, Bart.
His Lordship died on March 15th, 1764, leaving, by his said

. Lady (who survived him) one son, George James, now Earl of
Cholmondeley; and a daughter, Hester, born in 1755, at Burhill,
near Cobham, in Surrey, who married, Sept. 6th, 1773, William
Clapcot Lisle, Esq. since deceased; by whom she had a daughter,

, born July 9th, 1774, married, Feb. 23d, 1799,, Charles Arbuth-
not, Esq.

George, third Earl of Cholmondeley, died June 10th,
1770> aged seventy, was buried at Malpas, in the county of
Chester, on 21st of the same month, and was succeeded in honours
and estates by his grandson,

George James, the present and fourth Earl of Cholmon-
deley ; born April 30th, 1749, in the parish of Hardiagstone, in
the county of Northampton. His Lordship was for some yean

3fj PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lord-lieutenant and Gustos Rotulofum of the county of Chester,
and Governor of Chester castle. His Lordship, on June 14th,
17&2, was appointed his Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Ple-
nipotentiary to the Court of Berlin ; on April 25th, 1783, he was
appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, which he retained
till 1804 j and was at the same time sworn a Privy Counsellor.
On the death of the late Horace Earl of Orford, he succeeded to
the ancient Walpole estates at Houghton, &c. in Norfolk.

His Lordship married, April 25th, 1791? Lady Georgiana-
Chnrlotte Bertie, sister and coheir (with Lady Willoughby of
Eresby), to Robert late duke of Ancaster; by whom he has issue,

1. George-James, discount Malpns, born Jan. 17th, 1792.

2. Lady Charlotte.

3. William-Henry.

Titles."] George- James Cholmondeley, Earl of Choi m on del ey,
Viscount Malpas, and Viscount Cholmondeley of Kellis, Baron
Cholmondeley, of Wich-Malbank, alias Namptwich, and baron
of Newburgh.

Creations.'] Baron Cholmondeley, of Wich-Malbank, alias
Namptwich, April 10th (1689) 1 Wll. and Mar. Viscount Mal-
pas, and Earl of Cholmondeley, all in the county of Chester,
Dec. 27th (1706) 5 Q. Anne 5 and Baron of Newburgh, in the
Isle of Anglesey, in North- Wales, July 2d 071 6) 3 Geo. I.
Also Baron of Newburgh, in com. Wexford, March 15th (1714)
1 Geo. I. and Viscount Cholmondeley, of Kellis, in the county
of East-Meath, March 29th (1661) 13 Car. II. Irish honours.

Arms.] Gules, two Esquire's Helmets in chief, proper, gar-
nished, Or 3 in Base, a Garb of the third.

Crest.] On a Wreath, a Demi-Griphon, rampant, Sable,
beaked, winged, and membered, Or, holding an Helmet, as those
in the arms.

Supporters.] On the dexter Side, a Griphon, Sable, its Beak,
Wings, and Fore-Legs, Or; on the sinister, a Wolf of the second,
gorged, with a Collar perflew, Vaire.

Alotto.] Cassis Tutissima. Virtus.

Chief Seat.] At Cholmondeley, in the county of Chester, and
at Houghton, in Norfolk.

.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 37

HARLEY, EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL
MORTIMER.

Some have deduced the house of Harlai, in France (one of the
most eminent in that kingdom) from a branch of this ancient and
noble family in England : and according to Moreri, there are
French authors of this opinion ; for he acknowledges,1 " It has
been reported, they are derived from our country : though others
maintain, that they are denominated from the town of x\rlai, in
the Franche Compte of Burgundy, and pretend to have proof
thereof."

The family of Harley, in England, is undoubtedly more ancient
than the Norman conquest ; and has been so illustrious, that
those in France may be descended from it j though the name may
neither be of Saxon, or British, much less of French extraction:
for from Hursla, a barbarous Latin word, signifying a wood,
comes Hurley, and so it changed into Harley, ^ a town in Shrop-
shire (the ancient seat of this family), according to the learned
Sir Henry Spelman. Though others have affirmed Harley to be
a Saxon name, and of the same signification with Locus Exer-
citns.

- In an ancient obiit, or ledger book of the abbey of Pershore,
in Worcestershire, is a commemoration of a noble warrior of this
name,c who commanding an army under Ethelred, King of Eng-
land, in his wars against Swane, King of Denmark, gave the
Danes a great defeat near that town, about the year 1013, and
thereby preserved it from spoil and destruction.

We find also, that before d the Norman conquest, Sir John de

» Grand Diet. torn. III. b Ed. Llwjd's Anti<j. of Shroo. MS. p. iz6«

« Ex Collect, Hug, Thomas, MS. d Ibid,

SS PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Harley was possessed of Harley-castle and lordship, and having*
married Alice, daughter of Sir Titus de Leighton,e by Letitia his
wife, daughter of Hugh le Brune, brother to William de Valence,
Earl of Pembroke, left issue,

Sir William de Harley, Knt. who is the first mentioned in
the visitation of Shropshire, in the College of Arms, as Lord of
Harley in that county. He was onef of those eminent persons
who attended Godfrey de Bulloigne, Robert Curthose, Duke of
Normandy, Alan, Lord High steward of Scotland, and others of
note, in the first memorable expedition to the Holy Land, anno
lOgS, where they obtained many victories against the Saracens,
and conquered Jerusalem. In honour of which, this Sir William
was with them made Knighis of the Sepulchre, an order of
knighthood instituted upon that occasion. He died in England,
and was buried in the abbey of Pershore, where his tomb is still
remaining, and the only ancient monument there, which was not
demolished at the dissolution of abbeys in the reign of Hen. VIII.
and it is observable, that the shield of his effigies is plain, without
any arms, according to the custom of the most ancient times. He
married Catharine, daughter of Sir Jasper Croft, who was also a
knight of the Sepulchre,? and by her left issue,

Nicholas de Harley, who had to wife, Margaret, daughter of
Sir Warren de Bostock, of Bostock, in com. Cest. by whom he
had issue William de Harley, who married Joan, daughter of
Sir John de la Bere, Knt. of Kinnersley and Clonger, in com.
Salop, and by her was father of

Nicholas de Harley, who wedded Alice, daughter of Ralph
Prestrop, of Prestrop, in Shropshire, and from them proceeded
their son and heir,

Robert, who married Alice, daughter and heir of Sir Roger
Pulisdon, of Pulisdon, in com. Salop, by whom he had issue,

Sir Righard de Harley, continuator of the line, and Malcolm
de Harley j all which descents are in the visitation of Shropshire,
beforementioned ; but all our public records have not been gene-
rally preserved till the reign of Hen. III.h

« Vincent's Visltat. de Salop, ann. 1623. MS. p. 246. f Ibid. p. 19S

g Vincent tit supra.
h Henry, Lord of Harley, died in 1281, 9 Edw, I. and by Joan his wife, had
six sons, all monks : John, the eldest, became professed in the monastery at
Worcester, October 21, 1279, dnnal. Wigorn, in Anglia Sacra, Vol. I. p. 5c?,
This John, on his father's death, obtained an indulgence of 118$ days, in his
»onvent, for the souls of his parents. The other five brothers were, Richard^ a

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. $9

The youngest son, Malcolm de Harley, or Harleigh, as it
was sometimes wrote, was chaplain to Edw. I. and much in his
favour j being employed in the management of the revenues of
that glorious monarch, and was his Escheator on this side Trent,
an office of great honour and trust in those days. In 11 Edw. I.
he and Sir Guischard de Charne, or Charran, had the custody of
the bishoprick of Durham, and accounted for the issues thereof to
the King during the vacancy,! viz. from June 13th, to Sept 4th,
the same year, and paid into the Exchequer 1319 1. for rents of
assize of the manors in the ferm of the city of Durham, and in
certainties for guard of burgs and ovens, or bake-houses; also
II93I. Jps. id. for tallage assessed upon the manors of the bi-
shoprick, and other sums for divers other parts of the revenue
thereof j in all, 2620 1. fs. 9£d. In 1296, the King grants to
this Malcolm de Harleigh (as it was then wrote), styling him his
beloved Clerk,k the marriage of Margaret, eldest daughter, and
one of the heirs, of Brian de Brampton, debased, for his nephew
Robert de Harleigh, son of Richard, dated at Vghtragharder
(Aughterarder) June 21st. On August 22d, 1297,1 he was with
the King at sea, in the ship called Cog. Edward, near Winchel-
sea, and was one of the witnesses to the King's delivery of the
Great-seal to John de Benesteed, in the said ship. And attending
that monarch abroad, who did not return to England till March
14th, 1298, died soon after : for the King, by writ of Privy-sea!,
26 Edw. I.m reciting that he was his Escheator on this side Trent,
and that Philip de Willoughby, the Treasurer's Lieutenant, and
the Barons of the Exchequer, would probably seize his goods and
chattels, he commands them to leave enough in the hands of his
kindred for the honourable interment of his body ; and that they
should send some fit person to all places where he had any goods,
to take a true and exact inventory of them, that the King, when
he should be certified thereof, might give such orders therein at
he thought proper. Accordingly "Thomas de Boyvil was assigned,

monk, atBeaulieu, in Hampshire; William, at Hales- abbey, in Gloucestershire;
Walter, at Bordesley, in Worcestershire; Nicholas, at RufforJ, in Nottingham-
shire; and Roger, in a convent beyond sea. Ibid. p. 505. Sir Richard, men-
tioned above as continuator of the line, was, perhaps, brother and heir to this
Henry, father of the six monks, though he is ftyled Lord of Harley before the 9th
of Edw. I. but that might be by the resign \tion of Henry.

J Madox's Hist, of the Excheq. p. 49^,497. Prynne, 3, 307, 353, &c,
* P*t. 44 Edw. I. m. 14. ] Rymefs Foei. \M. II. p- 79i- *13»

» Hift. of the Exche<j. p, 665, 66*. » JbU, .

49 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

by letters pitent, to take an inquisition concerning the goods
of the said Malcolm, and the Treasurer's Lieutenant was ordered
to deliver to Richard de Harley, his executor, 481. 14s. lid. for
the exequies and burial of the deceased. He built ° that house
now called Cliffbrd's-Inn, behind St. Dunstan's church, in Fleet-*
street; which being seized by the King, for certain debts due
from the said Malcolm, it was granted in 3 Edw. II. to Robert
de Clifford, Lord Clifford, who made it his habitation, and had
thence the name of ClifFord's-Inn ; Isabel, the widow of the said
Robert, having demised it to the students of the law. But though
that house was seized by the King, yet his possessions were more
than sufficient to discharge all his debts ; for it is evident, some
of his lands devolved on his brother and his descendants.

I now return to Richard de Harley, elder brother to the said
Malcolm, and his executor, as before related. The first mention
1 find of him is in 40 Hen. III. when he was attached to answer
to a pleaP of Richard,' son of Robert de Clifton, that he, with
others, came into the wood of the said Richard, son of Robert, in
Beldesworth, and that his men in the said wood beat and abused
the said Richard and his men, contrary to the peace, &c. And
thereupon RJchard de Harleigh pleaded, that the wood was his
wood, and, finding some trees felled, he carried them away, as
he lawfully might. However, by consent, a perambulation was
made between the wood of the said Richard, son of Robert- de
Clifton, and the wood of the said Richard de Harleigh, in Har-
leigh. And that Odo de Hodenet, Stephen de Buterleigh, Peter
de Muneton, and William de Leighton, four Knights, reviewed
the same perambulation, begun on the south of the land of the
priory of Wenlock, between the wood and the plain, by an old
hedge, to a great elm j and awarded, that the said Richard de
Harleigh may make a hedge from the elm through part of that
wood to the green oak, and from thence to the withered oak, and
so to another withered oak in the plain.

In the same year,l he was among those of the county of Salop,
who, holding lands in capite by Knights service, to the value of
151. per annum, and not being Knights, were summoned to take
that degree, or fine for the same.

In 126*4, the Barons, with Simon Montfort earl of Leicester,

° Dugdale's Orig, Jurid. p. 187.
* P Placita Jur. & Assis. in com. Salop, anno 40 Hen. III. rot. 7*

*i MS. Not. b. 5. p. 68. ia EibJ. Joh. Anstis, Arm,

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 41

riaving taken Prince Edward prifoner, at the battle of Lewes,
May 1 4th, his Highnefs was held in custody in Hereford-castle,
when Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, contrived his escape ;
and, being assisted by this Sir Richard Harley/ they issued out
from Wigmore-castle, and delivered him It appears from our
historians,8 and other authorities, that Mortimer sent the Prince
a swift horse; with intimation, that he should obtain leave to
ride out for his recreation into a place called Widmerfh, and
upon sight of a person mounted on a white horse, at the foot of
Tillington-hill, and waving his bonnet, he should haste towards
him with all speed. Accordingly the Prince, on the signal, set-
ting spurs to that horse, overwent those about him j and Morti-i
mer meeting him with five hundred armed men, chaced theni
back to the gates of Hereford, and brought him in safety to his
castle of Wigmore. Afterwards they were in that great battle of
Evesham, fought on August 6th, 1265, where the Barons were
vanquished, and Simon Montfort, their leader, slain. Which vic-
tory was a principal means of putting an end to that bloody war,
and of advancing this family, when the said gallant Prince
ascended the throne.

In 56 Hen. III. he was * Coroner of Shropshire, an officer, in
those days, of. great trust. In Edw. I. it was found, by verdict
of the hundred of Condover, that Richard de Harley u held the
manor of Harley for three hides of land. He was married before
20 Edw. I. for x in that year he is mentioned with Burga his
wife, in a plea concerning a free tenement and lands in Great
Wenlock. In 21 Edw. I. he was summoned to attend the King
at Bristol, on the marriage of his daughter to the Earl of Barr)/
as appears by a writ in the White Tower.

In 1297, he was z summoned to be ready with horse and arms,
to attend the King at London, on Tuesday after the Octaves of
St John Baptist, to go with him beyond the seas. In the same
-year/ a fine was levied by him and Burga his wife, and Adam la
Jfolde, of the manor of La Bolde, granted to them by the said

r Hist, de la Maison de Harley, par M. M^ret, MS. fol. 4.
8 Mon. Ang. Vol. If. p. 223. &. MS, in Bibl. Bod. Med, 10. 120. b.
t Plac. Jur. & Assisae, & Plac. Coron, apud Salop. 56 Hen. III. rot. 13.

u Inter Jnquis. pro Hundred, in Cur. Recept. Scac.
* Plac. Jur. & Assis. apud Salop. 20 Edw. I. Rot. 15.
y Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas.
z MS. in Bibl. Cotton, sub Effig. Claudius, c. 2.
» Int. penes Fin, com, Salop, 25 Edw, I, in Cur, Recept, Scac,

42 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Adam, which they convey to him again for life, paying a rose
annually, remainder to the said Richard de Harleye, and Burga,
and their heirs. She was the sole daughter and heirb of Sir An-
drew de Willey, son and heir of Warrin de Willegh, or Willey,
by Petronella his wife, daughter and heir of Robert, son of Odo,
Lord of Kinlegh, in com. Salop. And by this c match, divers fair
lordships accrued to this family; as Willey, Gretenton, Walder-
hope, Walle under Ey wood, and Rushbury ; beside what came
by the heir of Kinlegh.

In 27 Edw. I. the King sent him da letter, flyling him his be-
loved and faithful Richard de Harleigh, commanding him to be
at Berwick upon Tweed, with such foot soldiers as he had raised,
to march against the Scots.

In 28 Edw. I. this e Sir Richard Harley, Robert Corbet, and
Kobert de Roscale, were the three Knights chosen for Shropshire,
whom the f King (to satisfy his Earls^and Nobles) impowered, as
Justices in the said county, to punish all offences against the ar-
ticles of Magna Charta, the Charter of the Forest, and the Statute
of Winton, not punishable by the common laws of the realm.
And the same year being chosen s one of the representatives of
the county of Salop, in the Parliament held at Westminster, he
had a writ directed to the Sheriff, for his expenses.

In 29th Edw. I. heh was Sheriff of Shropshire, and had a spe-
cial letter' from the King, to attend him with horse and arms at
Berwick. And it is probable he v/as then made a Knight Ban-
neret; for, among the collections of the late Sir Henry St. George,
Garter King at Arms, are the names of the Knights, who served
Edw. I. in his wars in Scotland, with their arms curiously painted,
taken from an old roll, wherein this k Sir Richard Harley is men-*
tioped, with his arms, Or, a Bend, cotised Salle.

In 30 Edw. I. he1 obtained a grant of free warren within his
lordships of Harleigh, Kenleigh, Willeigh, Gretenton, Hatton,
Wilderdehope, Rushbury, and La Bould. He was m also in that

v

* Vincent's Visit, ut supra, * Ex Collect. W. Holman de com. Essex,

* Madox's Baronia Angl. p. 257. c. 2. &. claus. 27 Edw. I. m. 6. dorso,

e Pat. 28 Edw. I. m. 14.

f Pryn's Hist, of K. John, Hen. III. and Edw. I. p. 830

E Pryn's fourth Part of a Brief Regist. p. 10.

h Fuller's Worthies in eod. Com.

I Ryley's Plac. Pari. p. 482. & Claus. 29 Edw, I.

k MS. n. 20. p. 34. in Bibl. Joh. Vicecom. Perceval.

* Ed. Llwyd's Ant. of Shrop, MS. «n fuller, ut antea.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 43

year Sheriff of Shropshire, which was then an office of great trust

and power.

In 33 and 34 Edw. I. "attending again in Parliament, as Re-
presentative of the county of Salop, he had his expenses allowed:
and in 35 Edw, I. was elected, with John de Dene, Knights for
Shropshire, being the longest Parliament in that King's reign :
yet, as Pryn observes (in the fourth part of A Brief Register, &c,
p. 28.) it lasted not full two months j but in that space made;
aorne good laws, and transacted several grand affairs, occasioned
by the Scots rebellion, and crowning Robert Bruce their King j
the marriage of Prince Edward, and divers weighty public ai>.
fairs.

In the reign of Edw. II. he was elected in four several Parlia-
ments, one of the Knights for the county of Salop,0 via. in the
fourth, fifth, eighth, and ninth of that Monarch. In 3 Edw. II.
he? was one of the three, with the Sheriff of Shropshire, to
whom the King directed his letters, to put in execution the ar-
ticles for observing the statute made in the Parliament held at
Winchester. In 1311, having the custody of the lands of the
Knight's-Templars, and of the Bishop of Litchfield and Coventry,
he had ? command from the King, 10 pay the issues thereof into
. the Treasury, on the morrow of St. Hilary. In 7 Edw. II. he r
and Wiiliam de Mortimer, were assigned Justices of assize for
the county of Salop, and causes were tried before them, on the
Wednesday before the feast of St. Ethelbert, the King and
Martyr.

This Sir Richard Harley dieds about 13 Edw. II. and Burga>
his widow, was styled Lady of Willegh, and Kinlet, in Shrop-
shire, in an acquittance dated 44 Edw. II. whereby she released
to the monks of Wenlock, certain rents due to her. They had
issue, Robert ; Malcolm j and Henry, who was a priest j and
probably * John Harley, Sheriff of Worcestershire in 40 Ed-
ward III.

Of Henry it is related," that in 2 Edw. III. he had a great
contest concerning the deanery of Bridgenorth, occasioned by

* Pryn's Fourth Part, ut supra. o Pryn, p. 74,

P Claus. 3 Edw. II. m. 7, &. Ryley's Plac. Pari, in Append, p. 523.
9 Rymer's Feed. torn. Ill, 297.
r Assisa Cap. apud Salop. 7 Edw. II. in Cur. Recept. Scac.
* Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas. t Fuller in cod, Com,

» Llywd's Antiq. of Shropshire, MS.

4* PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

having obtained a grant of the same, upon suggestion, that Tho-
mas de Eyton, the Dean, was dead. But he appearing before
the King, the grant was revoked, with a special mandate for re-
storing of the rightful Dean. Whereupon the Sheriff certified,
that both Thomas de Eyton, and Henry de Harley, had raised
great numbers of men in arms, in order to dispute the right by
force ; on which the King commanded the Sheriff to charge both
parties to desist, superseding the mandate for restoring Thomas
de Eyton, till both appeared in the court of Chancery. The
parties accordingly appeared, and Thomas de Eyton was re-
stored.

Of Malcolm de Harley, the second son, I find a finex was
levied in 5 Edw. III. between him and Burga his mother, of the
manor of Gretynton, and sixteen acres 6f land, and 40s. rent in
Rushebury, the right of the said Malcolm, which he conveys to
the said Burga, to hold for life, and after her decease, to remain
to Philip de Harley, and his heirs. Also, in the same year, a
finey was levied between the said Burga, who was the wife of
Richard de Harleye, and Philip de Harleye, of two mills, and
twenty-three acres of land, with the appurtenances, in Borewar*
deslye, and a third part of the manor of Borewardesleye, and the
advowson of the church, the right of the said Philip, which he
conveys to the said Burga for life, and after her decease, to Mal-
colm de Harleye, and his heirs.

It is probable this Philip was another son of Sir Richard Har-
ley j and zin 10 Edw. III. I find Philip de Harley, parson of the
church of Stircheley, and in 42 Edw. III. parson of the church
of Rushbury.

I now return to Robert de Harley, eldest son of Sir Richard.
In 24 Edward I. his uncle, Malcolm de Harley, obtained for him
the marriage of Margaret, eldest daughter and coheir of Brian de
Brampton, as before mentioned j and in 1309, 2 Edw. II. on
proof that his wife a Margaret was then of full age, the King
commanded Walter de Gloucester, his Escheator beyond Trent,
to deliver them full seisin of those lands that were in his province
viz. the manor of Brampton, and the hamlet of Weston, with
their appurtenances, in the Marches of Wales; the manor of
Buxton,, with the appurtenances; 33s. rent, with the appurtenances^

x Penes Fin. com. Salop. 5 Edw. III.
y Penes Fin. ejusd. Comit. & Ann.

z Fin. Salop. 10 Edw. Ill, & 42 Edw. Ill,
* Claus. 2 Edw. II. va, 10.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 4*

ifl Stowe, in the same Marches j lands in the part of Kinlet, in
com. Salop, and the manor of Ashton, with the appurtenances, in
com. Hereford.

Brian de Brampton, father of the said Margaret, died b on 14
kalends of June (May 19th) 1293, 21 Edward I. and her only-
sister Elizabeth, was married to Sir Richard de Cornwal, son of
Richard Earl of Cornwal, King of the Romans, brother to
Hen. III.

As from this match he acquired a great estate, and their seat
of Brampton Castle, having since been the chief seat of the
descendants of the said Sir Robert Harley, I hope it will not be
thought a digression, if I give some account of the ancient and
noble family of Brampton, or Bramton, as it is now wrote.

The before-mentioned" Brian de Brampton c was the only son
and heir of Sir Walter de Brampton, eldest son and heir of Sir
Brian de Brampton, Lord of Brampton, Drayton, Bucton, Ped-
wardyn, Wiston, Hermeston, Ayston, Kynlet, Foxcot, Walton,
and Adrington, by hereditary succession; and in right of Alice
his mother, was Lord of Botteley and Condover. He was usually
called the Noble Brian, in respect of his noble descent and qua-
lities. He married Emma, daughter, and at last one of the heirs
of Thomas Lord Corbet, baron of Caus. Aud he was the son of
Brian de Bramton, styled Senior, by Alice his wife, daughter and
one of* the coheirs of Walter de Remenyle, Lord of Botteley and
Condover, in com. Hants. This*Brian de Bramton, senior, was of
such eminence, that in 17 Hen. III. the King d requiring hostages
of the Barons Marchers for their fidelity, Ralph de Mortimer
delivered him Henry, son and heir of this Sir Brian, for his faith-
ful demeanour, and he was thereupon committed to the custody of
William de Stutevil j and, it may be, he died under confinement j
for Walter was at length the heir of the said Sir Brian, who, in
39 Hen. III. had a e grant of free warren in his manors and lands
of Brampton, Bucton> Stanage, Weston, Pictes, and Ashton, in
« com. Hereford and Salop : also at Wauton in Somersetshire. He
made his will on the vigil of the apostles Simon and Jude, in fd
Hen. III. and is therein styled Senior. He was the son of Brian
>. ■ • "*.

b Ex Stem, sub manu Job. Anstis, Arm. Gart. Reg. Arm. and R.id. Brook;

I Ibid. & ex Collect. Nich. Jekyl de Cast. Hedingbam in com. Essex, Arm.;&
Rad. Brooke Fecial Ebor.

A Claas. 17 Hen, III. m. 8. in dorso.

• Cart. 36 Hen. HI. & Transcript, ejusd. in Cur. Recept. Scac. in Baga Per-
amb. Forest. • •

46 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

de Bramton, by Alice his wife, daughter of Walter de Nova Mei-
nel j who gave with her, in free marriage, four virgates of land
in Foxcott, in the territory of Idelburi ; to which were witnesses,
E. Bishop of Hereford, Hugh de Mortimer, William de Morti-
tneT, Philip de Mortimer, William de Burley, and others. John
de Brampton was his father, and, by Maud his wife, was related
to most of the great men of that age j she f being the widow of
Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, and the daughter of William
de Breos, Lord of Brecon (now wrote Brecknock) by Eva his
wife, daughter and coheir of William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke,
by Isabel his wife, daughter and heir to Richard Strongbow, Earl
of Pembroke, who married Eva, daughter and sole heir of Dor-
mack MacMorongh, King of Leinster, in Ireland. And the said
Richard Strongbow was the son of Gilbert de Clare, grandson of
Richard Fitz-Gilbert, Earl of Brion in Normandy, and of Rose
his wife, sister and heir to Walter GifFord, Earl of Buckingham.
And the before mentioned William de Breos was the son of Re-
ginald de Breos, by Grisold, daughter and coheir to William
Brewer, Lord of Torbay ; and he, of William de Breos, son of
Philip de Breos, by Berta, second daughter, and at length coheir
to Walter Earl of Hereford, son of Walter Earl of Hereford, and
of Sibil his wife, daughter and sole heir of Bernard Newmarch,
Lord of Brecon (by conquest, and by gift of William Rufus) and
of Neast, daughter to Traham ap Cradock, King of North-Wales.
And the last-mCntioned Philip de Breos, was grandson and heir of
William de Breos, Lord of Breos in Normandy, and of Bramber,
in com. Sussex, who married Agnes, daughter to Waldron, Earl
of St. Clare.

By the foregoing account it appears, how nobly Sir John de
Brampton was related, by Maud his wife j and Sir Brian de
Brampton, his father, had to wife, Maud, daughter and heir of
Sir John de St. Vallerie, lineally descended from Reginald de St.
Vallerie, at the time of the Conquest. And the said Sir Brian
was sson of Brian, son of Barnard de Brampton, surnamed Vnspec,
JLord of Kinlet, in com. Salop, in the reign of Hen. I.

I now return to Sir Robert Harley, who, by his lady afore-
said, was not only allied to the before mentioned noble families,
but she was also near in blood to the great family of Mortimer j
being lineal heir (as I have already shewn) to Sir John dc

t Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas & Visitat. de com. Salop.
I Vincent's Visitat. de com. Salop.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. AJ

Brampton, and Maud his wife, one of the heirs of William de
Breose, or Brewes, Lord of Brecknock ; who had for her h first
husband, Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, by whom she had
issue, Edward Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore, father of Roger,
Earl of March, the great favourite of Queen Isabel, mother of
Edw. III.

In 1 1 Edw. II. this Sir Robert Harley had the following re-
markable grant : " Sachez nous ' Roger de Mortimer Seigneur de
IVygemore avoir donne & grante a nostre chiere Bachiler, Mon-
sieur Robert de Harley, pour son Ion service isf pour cent livres
de argent, la gard du corps Gilbert jilz & heir Sir John de Lacy,
ensemblant ove le marriage mesmes celuy Gilbert deyns age esteant
en nostre garde, £f c. Donne a Penebrugge Van du regne la Roye
Edward Jilz le Roy Edward unzyme." Camden, in his Britannia,
fol. 1 /6, makes a question, whether these Bachelors were not of
a middle degree between Knights and Esquires. In Pat. 8
Rich. II. p. 1. m. 4. John de Clanvou is styled Baccalarius Regis.
And the word is used, 13 Rich. II. stat. 2. cap. 1. where it sig-
nifieth the same with Knight-Bachelor.

In 14 Edw. II. k he had livery of the lands of which his father
died possessed; and in 17 Edw. II. he is styled Chevalier in two
fines ; the one ' between Hugh de Brampton, of Ludlowe, quer.
and the said Robert, and Margaret his wife, deforc. concerning a
messuage in Ludlowe, the right of the said Hugh, and the heirs
of Margaret. The other was m between Robert de Harley, Che-
valier, and Margaret his wife, quer. and Joan, who was the wife
of Gilbert de Lacy, deforc. who grants to the said Sir Robert and
Margaret, for life, the manors of Brampton and Bukton, and after
their decease, to remain to Brian, son of the said Sir Robert and
Margaret, and the heirs of his body 5 and if the said Brian dies
without heir male, to remain to the heirs of the bodies of the said
Robert and Margaret, remainder to the right heirs of the said
Margaret.

In the same year, all Knights, and others, who bore ancient
arms from their ancestors, were returned into Chancery; and, in
the list of those for Shropshire,11 are Sir Robert Harley, and Mal-
colm Harley, his brother ; from which it may be inferred, that

* Vincent's Visit, de com. Salop. & Dugd. Vol. I. in Famil. de Mortimer.

* Cowel's Law Interpreter, sub. tit. Bachelor. k Claus. 14 Edw. II#

I Penes Fin. com. Salop. 17 Edw. II. m Ibid.

o MS. in Bibl. Cotton. Claud, c. 2.

43 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

his chief residence was then at the castle of Harley, no mentiofc
being made of him in Herefordshire.

In 18 Edw. II.° he was appointed to array those forces raised
in Shropshire,, for the service of the King, against the French in
Gascony ; and was 9 one which that King chiefly confided in, for
suppressing the Knights-Templars.

In «i 12, 13 and 15 Edw. III. he was elected one of the Knights
for Shropshire, in the Parliaments then held. In 12 Edw. III.
the King commissioned himr to march fifty archers and fifty
pikemen to Ipswich, being the quota that John de Warren, Earl
of Surrey, as Lord of Bromfield and Yale, was to furnish for the
King's service. And by another commission of the same date,
lies was appointed by the King to muster those forces, and to
see that they were well clothed all in a livery, and well
armed.

In l6Edw. III. by a fine levied between him and Margaret
his wife,- and Philip de Harley,1 he settled the manors of Bram-
ton, and Bukton, with the appurtenances, after the decease of
himself and Margaret his wife, on his son Brian and his heirs,
with remainder to the right heirs of the said Robert and Marga-
ret. In 19 Edw. III. Joan, the wife of Gilbert de Lacy,u by a
fine then levied, settled messuages, lands, and rents, in Ashton,
in com. Hereford, on this Sir Robert Harley, and Margaret his
wife, for their lives, remainder to Walter, son of the said Robert
and Margaret, and the heirs of his body ; remainder to the heirs
of the said Robert and Margaret 5 remainder to the right heirs of
the said Margaret.

In 21 Edw. III. on the death of Beatrix, wife of Peter, Lord
Corbet j of Cans, who died seised x of the barony of Caus, the
manors of Munsterley, Yokethul, Wentenouse, Shelve, Bynne-
weston, Foxton, Chelme, Over-Gother, Nether- Gother, and
Baghetrese, in com. Salop, it was found, that Thomas Corbet,
ancestor to the said Peter, died seised of the said manors, and left
a son, Peter, and three daughters, Alice, Venice, and Emmej
likewise, that the said Peter had issue, Peter, his son and heir,
who married her the said Beatrix: and that the before mentioned
Alice became the wife of Robert de Stafford, who had issue by
her, Nicholas, his son and heir, and he Edmund, and he Ralph,

o Rymer's Feed. torn. IV. p. 78. P Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas.

1 Pryn's Brev. Pari. p. 75. r Rymer, torn. V. p. 7.

* Ibid. p. 8. t Penes Fin. com. Salop. 16 Edw. HI.

» Fin. com. Heref. 18 Edw. III. * Esc. zi Edw. III. n. 5$.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 4g

then Lord Stafford (viz. at the time when the inquisition was
taken), and that Emme, the other sister, had issue, Walter de
Bramton, her son and heir, and he Brian, who left two daughters
his coheirs, Margaret, the wife of Sir Robert de Harley, and Eli-
zabeth, wife of Edmund de Cornwal ; and were next heirs to
the before specified Peter, Lord Corbet; Ralph Lord Stafford
being then thirty-two years of age, Margaret forty-fix, and Eliza-
beth forty-two. The said Peter, Lord Corbet, in 27 Edw. I.'
was found, by inquisition, to be one of the next heirs of Roger
de Valletort, a great Baron in the West; and zdied, the year
following, seised of the barony of Caus, with its members; which
barony, by the death of Peter, son of the said Peter, as before-
mentioned, has been ever fince in abeyance between the familief
of the Lord Stafford (whence branched the dukes of Buckingham),
this family of Harley, and that of Cornwal. And in 21 Edw. III.
the coheirs a came to an agreement; Ralph, Lord Stafford, had,
for his purparty, the castle of Caus entirely, with the appurte-
nances; the Knights fees being likewise parted amongst them.
Sir Robert Harley had for his share, the manors of Yokethul, also
Yokelton, Wentnore, Stretton, Chelme, with a moiety of two
water-mills, and one fulling-mill, and of the fourth part of the
manor of Byn-Weston. He died in 1349, leaving Robert, hi*
son and heir; and had also two other sons, Brian and Walter, as
the authorities before mentioned make appear; and one daughter,
Joan, married to Gilbert de Lacy, Lord of Fromc-castle, in Here-
fordshire, who was in wardship to him, and was son and heir of
Sir John de Lacy, and Joan his wife.

Robert de Harley, his eldest son, is styled Fatuus (or tht
Simple) in the genealogy and records. In 23 Edw. III. Hugh
de Parrok and Richard More, by deed, dated at Harley ,b grant
to Robert Harley and Joan his wife, the manors of Harley, Gre-
tingdon, Kenle, Cherlecote, Bolde, Yokelton, Stretton, Shelve,
Wentenere, and the fourth part of the forest of Caus, which they
had by the feoffment of the said Robert. In 35 Edw. III. by
the name of Robert, son and heir of Margaret, wife of Robert de
Harley, hec gave twenty-five marks to the King for his relief for
the fourth part of the d barony of Caus. In 37 Edw. III. by a
final agreement between Hugh Parok, plaintiff, and Robert de

y Esc. 27 Edw. I. n. 32. z Esc. 28 Edw. I. n.40.

a Claus. 21 Edw. III. m. 19. b Ex Collect. R. Glover, Sorrier*,

c Fin. 35 Edw. III. Ex Collect. W. Holman.
d Inter Ped. Fin. conj. Salop. 37 Edw. Ill,
VOL, IV. fi

So PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Harley and Joan his wife, deforcients, a settlement was made of
the manors of Harley, Gretington, and Wylelve (as then wrote) ,
on him and the said Joan his wife, and the heirs of their bodies,
with remainder to the right heirs of the said Joan. Also the same
year by e another final agreement, wherein Hugh le Yonge,
Clerk, and Hugh Parrok, Vicar of the church of Shawebury,
being plaintiffs, they settled the manors of Yokelton, Shelve, and
Wentenere, and the fourth part of the forest of Caus, on the said
Robert and Joan, for their lives, with remainder to Fulk, son of
Eobert Corbet, of Morton, and his heirs, remainder to the right
heirs of the said Joan : but, by another final agreement the next
ensuing year, they f granted the premises to the said Fulk Corbet,
to hold for their lives, in consideration of an annual allowance of
60 1. during both their lives. In 30 Edw. III.s he granted to
John Delves, Chevalier, a Kriight's fee, and seven shillings rent,
with the appurtenances, in Deryngton, together with the homage
and service of Richard de Deryngton, and his heirs, in the said
town. And in 41 Edward III.11 reciting, that Fulk, son of Ro-
bert Corbet, of Morton, Knight, holds the manors of Yokelton,
Shelve, Wentenore, and the fourth part of the forest of Caus, for
life, by demise of the said Robert and Joan his wife, and that
the premises, after the decease of the said Fulk, ought to revert
to the said Robert and Joan, and the heirs of Joan j they granted
the reversion thereof to Roger, son of Robert Corbet, of Morton,
Knt. and to the heirs male of his body, remainder to the said
Robert and Joan, and the heirs of Joan. In 48 Edw. III.' it is
set forth, that Robert de Harley, cousin and heir of Malcolm de
Harley, held the moiety of the manor of Ashdon, with the ap-
purtenances, of the heir of Robert de Mortimer, late Earl of
March, the King's ward, by the service of a moiety of one
Knight's fee. But not long after he departed this life, as is evi-
dent from a final agreement in 50 Edward III.* between Joan,
widow of the said Robert de Harley, plaintiff, and Peter de Corne-
wall, deforcient, whereby the said Peter grants the reversion of
the manor of Cherlecote (then held by Brian de Cornewall, Che-
valier, and others, for the life of the said Brian), together with
the manors of Yokelton, Shelve, and Wentenore, and the fourth
part of the forest of Caus (then also held by Fulk Corbet for life,

c Inter Ped. Fin. com. Salop. 37 Edw. III. f Ibid. 38 Edw. III.

g Ibid. 39 Edw. III. h Ibid. 41 Edw. III.

* Ibid. 48 Edw. III. «F Ibid. 50 Edw. III.

EARL OF OXFORD* AND EARL MORTIMER. 51

With remainder to Roger his brother, if he survives him), to the
said Joan, and her heirs. She1 was daughter of Sir Robert Cor-
bet, of Morton Corbet, Knight, and furvived her husband many
years. In 4 Rich. IT. being styled Joan,m widow of Robert de
•Harley, she claimed the third part of the manors of Bueld, and
Cherlecote, as her dower* against Hamond de Peshall, and Alice
his wife ; and her claim was allowed. She was also living" in
13 Hen. IV". They had issue an only daughter and heir,° Alice,
married to Sir Hamond de Peshall, of the county of Stafford, Knt.
and carried the castle and lordship of Harley/ and a great estate,
out of the family ; and the said Alice likewise left issue, Eliza-
beth, her sole heir jP married first to Henry Grendon,^ who died
possessed of the manor of Harley, &c. In 24 Hen. VI. she,
secondly, was married to Sir Richard Lacon, Knt. who had issue
by her William Lacon, of Willey ;r from whom descended those
of the name at Willey, and Kinlet, Thongland, Holloway, and
Mounslow, in Shropshire.

Having brought the issue of Robert de Harley to a period,, I
now return to Brian Harley, his brother; who, being in the
wars with France, received the honour of knighthood 5 and was
a person of such eminence, that s Edward the Black Prince re-
commended him to his father, Edw. III. to be chosen a Knight
of the Garter; but he died before his election. He* married Ele-
anor, daughter to Sir Roger Corbet, of Morton, sister to his eldest
brother's wife; and by agreement with his brother, "divided the
inheritance of the family, whereby Sir Brian was heir to his mo-
ther's estate; viz. Brampton, Bucton, By ton, and other lands in
Wiggesmoreland. He left issue one son, x Bryan de Harley, and
a daughter, sr Eleanor, married to Sir John Bromwick, of Brom-
wick castle, in Herefordshire, Knight; Eleanor his wife was,
secondly, z married to Thomas Cotes.

Bryan de Harley, Esq. succeeding his father, was denomi-
nated of Brampton-castle, in Herefordshire; he was Governor a
of Montgomery and Dolverin castles, in the reign of Henry IV.
which he bravely defended against the famous Owen Glendour-

1 Vincent's Visitat. de com. Salop.
m Ex Collect. R. Gloyer, Somers. Fecial.
n Vincent's Visitat. de com. Salop. ° Ibid. p Ibid.

1 Ibid. r Esc. 24 Hen. VI. n. 3$. » Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas.

t Vijitat. &c. com. Salop, praed*-
u Ex Stemmate sub manu Joh, Anstis, Arm. x ibid.

y Visit, de com. Salop, prsed. « Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas. a Ibid.

52 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

dwy, who was forced, hy his valour, to return from them ; iii
memory whereof he changed his crest, which was <e a Buck's7
*' Head proper, to a demi Lion, Gules, issuing out of the Top of
" a Tower, triple towered, proper." He married Isolda, second
daughter of Sir Ralph Lyngayne, of Stoke, Knt. by whom he had
issue two sons, Richard, who, dying unmarried/ was succeeded
by Jeffery, his brother and heir.

Which Jeffery de Harley, of Brampton-castle, Esq. married/
first, Joan, daughter of Johan ap Harry, of Poston, Esq. by
whom he had issue, Margaret, wife of Hugh Wolley; and, se-
condly,d Julian, daughter of Sir John Burley, of Burley, Knt.
nephew and heir to Sir Simon Burley, Knight of the most noble
order of the Garter : whose brother, Sir Richard Burley, was also
Knight of the Garter, as was also Sir John Burley, their father ,
and it is remarkable, that the father aud sons were Knights of
the Garter at the same time. From this marriage proceeded two
sons, John ; and Brian, killed at Brampton, on Palm-Sunday, by
certain felons of Radnorshire. The said Jefferey Harley, by his
last will,e bearing date Jan. 10th, 1448-9, bequeathed, to his
eldest son John, his manors of Brampton and Buxton ; and to
his younger son Brian, his manor of Byton j and to his daughter
Joan, several legacies.

Sir John Harley, his eldest son, engaging on the part of the
house of York against that of Lancaster, in those bloody contests
which then happened/ was knighted in the field of battle, at
Gaston, near Tewksbury, by Edw. IV. on May 9th, 1471. He*
was Sheriff of Shropshire, in 21 Edw. IV. and was living in 10
Henry VII. as appears by a deed,'1 wherein William Hoskins
conveys lands, in Byton, to him and Joan his wife. She was
1 daughter of Sir John Hackluit/ of Eyton, Knt. by whom he
left issue Richard, his son and heir 5 and had also a daughter Alice,
wife of Richard Monington, Esq. ; and, secondly, to William
Tomkins, of Monington.

Sir John was buried in Brampton church, where a monument
was erected to his memory, and to that of his son Richard ; but
was defaced in the civil wars in the reign of king Charles I.

b Ex Stemmate Ht supra. c Ibid. <* Ex Collect. H. Wanley.

■ Ex Stemmate per Anstls & Holmand. f Ex Collect. Hug. Thomag.

S Jekyl's Cat. of Knights, MS. h Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas.

i Ibid. Sc Visitat. de com. Salop.
k Of the same family as the «ompiler of the Collection «f Voyag-s of that
name.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER, 55

His only son Richard Harley, Esq. in the 14th year of
Hen. VII.1 was Sheriff of the county of Salop. He married Ca-
therine, daughter of Sir Thomas Vaughan, of Tretower- castle, in
Brecknockshire, who, by order of the Duke of Gloucester, after-
wards Rich. III. was beheaded at Pomfret, with the Earl Rivers,
and others, anno 1483, for their fidelity to the young king Ed-
ward V. This Richard Harley, Esq. by his marriage aforesaid,
was related to the best families in Wales j m the Welch genealo-
gists deriving the said Sir Thomas Vaughan from the ancient
British Princes of Hereford, Brecknock, and Radnor, before the
Norman or Saxon conquests j and from the noble families of the
Clares and Mortimers, as also from all the Princes of Wales.

By the inquisition taken at Wigmore,n June 2j7th, 1529, after
his death, it appears, that Sir John Harley, Knt. in consideration
of a marriage between the said Richard, his son and heir appa-
rent, and Catharine, daughter of Sir Thomas Vaughan, Knight,
made a settlement of the manor of Brampton, the town of Buc-
ton, parcel of the said manor, the manor of Over-Pedwardyne,
and divers messuages, &c. in Over-Pedwardyne, Netber-Pedwar-
dyne, Walforde, and Borysforde, fix. burgages, and certain lands
and tenements thereto belonging, in the town or borough of
Wigmore, together with divers other messuages, lands, and tene-
ments, in Lengthalle-Erlys, Alfortune, Kyntone, and Leyntwar-
din, in the lordship of Wigmore, in trust for the use of him the
said John Harley, Knight, and Joan his wife, for their lives, re-
mainder to the use of Richard Harley, his son and heir, and the
heirs of his body, remainder to the right heirs of the said Sir
John j° and that the said Richard died on March 11th, before the
taking of the inquisition, leaving John Harley, his son and heir,
thirty-eight years old and upwards : and had also two other sons,
William and Thomas j and a daughter, Catharine, married to
Roger Hop wood, Esq.

The said John Harley, Esq. born in H91, was, in his father's
life-time,v a commander in the wars against the Scots, and sig-
nalized himself in the battle at Flodden Field, Sept. 9th, 1513.
He married, 11 Hen. VIII. Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Crofts,
Knt. by whom he had issue John Harley ; Thomas, Rector of
Brampton) William) Edward) Margaret, wife of Thomas

' Ex Collect. Hug. Thomas, & Viskat. de com. Salop. Fuller's Worthies in
jod. corn.

111 Ex Stcmmate sub maim Hog. Thomas, n Esc. 21 Hen. VIII.

c Esc. ucsuprj. P Ex Collect. H'ig. Thomas.

54 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Adams, of Electon, in Shropshire 5 Joyce, and Elizabeth. After
her decease, he wedded Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Rouse, of
Worcestershire, Knt. by whom he had issue, Alice, wife of Simon
Macklew.i He died on August 6th, 1542, leaving John his son
and heir.

John, eldest son and heir of the said John Harley, Esq. on his
father's decease, was in ward to the King ten weeks, and being
at full age on Oct. 29th, ]542, thereupon sued1* out a special
livery of all the manors and lands his father died posessed of, viz.
the manor of Bucton, with the appurtenances in Bucton ; the
manors of Pedwarden, and Boristorde, held of the King as of the
honour of Wigmore, by the service of one Knight's fee : the ma-
nor of Byton, with the appurtenances^ and other lands and tene-
ments in Byton, held of Richard Cornwall, Esq. as of his manor
of Stepleton, in soccage, by the rent of 6d. Also lands and tene-
ments, and a mill, with the appurtenances, in Walford, Lent-
warden, Atfortone, Wigmore, Bucktone, and Yetone, held of
the King in soccage; also lands and tenements in Kingtone; the
manor of Bramton Brian, with its appurtenances, held of the
King as of the honour of Wigmore, by the service of one Knight's
fee ; and Bucton-park, with its appurtenances, all in Hereford-
shire; the manor of Lysse, and its appurtenances, in the county
of Southampton ; tenements in Bukenhille, half the manor of
Dovvr, tenements in Nether-downe, in Brome, and in Wynds, in
com. Salop 5 tenements in the Reves, and in Blackbich, in Rad-
norshire.

His father, on March 30th, 1541, covenanted with Richard
Warncomb, of Hereford, Esq. for a marriage to be solemnized
between his said son John, and Maud Warncomb, before the
feast of Pentecost then next ensuing, and settles upon them in
present, the manors of Byton, in com. Hereford, and Lysse
Stormy, alias Lysse Harley, in com. Southampton, with the re-*
version of Bramton- Brian, Pedwardin, Boresford, Bucton, Wal-
ford ; and the lordship of Nether-down, in com. Montgomery,
after the expiration of thirty years; during which time the profits
thereof was to provide portions for younger brothers and sisters.
This Maud Warncomb was at length coheir to her brother *

1 John Harley, B:shop of Hereford, who died ij.54, was of a younger branch
of this family.

r Pat. 34 Hen. ViII. ex Collect. Humph. Wanley.
8 Warncomb's Title to Lugwarden, Sec. MS.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 55

James Warncomb, Esq. who died possessed of the manor of Lug-
wardin, in com. Heref. (purchased by his father Richard Warn-
comb, Esq. of Sir John Bridges, in 31 Henry VIII.) and divers
other manors and lands. And, on the division of the estate, she
had, for her share, the manors of Aylton and Picksley, with lands
in Bodenham, Webton, Gothermet, Leyntall, Starks, and Elton $
with several houses in Hereford, and Leominster.

By the said Maud, he had issue John Harley, Esq. slain in the
French wars, V. P. j Thomas, William, and Richard, a learned
man, the tutor of his nephew hereafter mentioned ; also three
daughters j 1. Catherine, first married to John Cresset, of Upton-
Cresset ; and afterwards to John Cornwall, Baron of Burford, in
Shropshire j she died Feb. 16th, 1623, aged eighty-four, and was
buried at Burton, in Shropshire) 2. Elizabeth, wife of Giles Nan-
fan, of Birch-Morton, in Worcestershire j and, 3. Jane, married
to Roger Minors, of Triago, in com. Heref. Esq.

The said John Harley, Esq. was Sheriff of Herefordshire, in 3
Edw. VI. and again in 3 Eliz. It appears that he was Constable
of Con way-castle, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.1 Sir Henry
Sidney, Lord deputy of Ireland, and President of Wales, in a let-
ter to Secretary Cecil (dated Aug. 8th, 1568), desired he might
have Queen Elizabeth's letter to Harley, Constable of Conway-
castle, to receive such Irish prisoners, or pledges, as he should
send him, to be confined in the said castle.

His will bears date in December, 1580, and Maud, his wife's,
anno 1589 ; but if he lived to be eighty five years of age, as is
asserted," he did not die till the year 1606 j as may be computed
from his age, before mentioned, on his father's decease. When
his body was opened to be embalmed, a stone was taken out of
it, that weighed above sixteen ounces, and was long kept in the
family.

His eldest surviving son, Thomas Harley, Esq. of Brampton,
born about the year 1543, lived, during his father's life, at Wig-
more castle j was in xthe commission of peace, A.D. 1585, y high
Sheriff of Herefordshire, in the 36th of Elizabeth, as also in the
last year of that Queen, and in the 1st of James I. in which year
he had ■ a grant, from his Majesty, of the honour and Castle of

1 Sidney's State Letters, &c. Vol.1, p. 36.
« Ex Collect. Hugh Thomas.
x Abstract of Humph. Wanley's Extracts of the Harleian Family.
7 Fuller's Worthies in Heref. z Pat. j Jac. I. p. 9. m. 18.

50 • PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Wigmore. He was likewise/ in that reign, of the council to
William, Lord Compton, President of Wales j and very consider-
able in his time for his affluence of fortune, and great abilities j
but chiefly distinguished himself by the sagacity of his councils
to King James I. against the measures then in pursuit,b as tend-
ing to involve his Majesty, or his son, in a war with his people;
which accordingly came to pass, though above twenty years after,
and he lived not himself to see his predictions verified. After
this sincere delivery of his sentiments, he retired from the court,
and service of the state, though not without marks of honour and
favour from Cha:les I. and employed his plentiful fortune in acts
of hospitality.

He lived to a great age, dying in March, 1(531 ; and was bu-
lied, on the lpth of the same month, at Brampton.

He married Margaret, daughter of Sir Andrew Corbet, of
Morton-Corbet, Knt. by whom he had issue, Sir Robert Harley,
Knight of the Bath. And, surviving her, he married, fecondly,
Anne, daughter to Walter Griffith, of Burton-Agnes, in York-
shire, Esq. sister to Sir Henry Griffith, Knt. by whom he had
issue James Harley ; and Thomas, who was baptized at Bramp-
ton, Sept. 6th, lO'Ol, and was buried at Lentwarden the same
year. The said James Harley married, on Oct. 10th, l6lO, Anne,
daughter and coheir to John Gardiner, Esq. of Brampton,c by
whom he had issue, Anne, baptized at Brampton, on July l6th,
l6l5. He buried his wife there, on June 18th, 1618, and dying
himself at Berrington, soon after, was buried near her, on July
14th following ; and their daughter aforesaid, on March 2/th,
If3l9.d

Sir Robert Harley, only surviving son of Thomas, was born
at Wigmore-castle,e and baptized on March lit, \57§. His mo-
ther died when he was very young, and he received his first in-
structions in literature from his uncle, Richard Harley, a man of
noted wit and learning} by whom being accomplished for the
University, his father sent him to Oriel-college, in Oxford. He
continued there four years, and took his degree of Bachelor of
Arts:f and thence removed to the Middle-Temple, in London,
where he associated with men of the first rank in that society j
and resided there till the coronation of James I. at which he was

a Rymer's Feed. Vol. XVII. p. 30. b Vide Plato Redivivus.

c Regisc, de Bramton Brian. A Ibid. c Ibid.

f Introduction to the Life of Sir Robert Harley, Knight of the Bath, MS.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 57

made one of the s Knights of the Bath, on July 15th, 1603. H©
was in the next year, on July lfjth, made Forester of Boring-
wood, alias Bringwood-forest,11 in com. Hereford,1 with the office
of the Pokership, and custody of the forest or chase of Prestwood,
for life. In an Abstract of the King's Revenues,k are these en-
tries relating thereto : — To Sir Robert Harley, for keeping Bo-
ringwood, alias Bringwood-forest, in com. Hereford, 61. 2s. 8d.
per ann. j for the Pokership 30s. 5d. by the year; and for keep-
ing the forest of Prestwood, 18s. by the year. In the /th of
Jac. I. he obtained a grant to himself, his heirs, and assigns for
ever, for a weekly market,1 and a fair annually, at Wigmore, in
Herefordshire. He was elected Knight for the said county,"1 in
the 21st year of James I.'s reign, and was put into the commission
of the peace (as his father" had been), in the 1st of Charles I.
On Sept. 12th, 1626, he0 had a grant of the office and offices
of master and worker of monies, to be coined in the Tower of
London, during life; and on Nov. Sth following, an p indenture
was made, between the said King and Sir Robert Harley, Knight
of the Bath, for coining the monies of silver and gold/i according
to his letters patent. To this office was annexed a salary of four
thousand pound per ann. as Whitlock observes ; r and that after
the King's murder, the parliament having ordered a new coin to
be stamped, Sir Robert Harley rem fed to coin with any other
stamp than that of the King : whereupon the Parliament ordered
a trial of the pixe to be made at Sir Robert Hurley's expense; and
removed him from his place. While he enjoyed it, to the great
improvement of our coin, he introduced that famous artist, Tho-
mas Symonds, to be engraver of the dies for the mint.

Being, by his lady,s related to that famous General, Horace,
Lord Vere, of Tilbury ; there was such an intimacy between

g Philpot's Catal. of Knights.
h Adjoining the seat at Downton, of Richard Payne Knight, Esq. and now, I
believe, part of his property.

i Pa-. 2 Jac. I. p. 21. k Printed, 4to. 16^3.

1 Pat. 7 Jac. I. p. 27. m Ex Collect. Br. Willis, Arm.

n Ex Collect. H. Wanley ° Pat. 2 Car. I. p. 21. n. 17.

P Ibid. p. 24. n. £.
<1 Ex Collect. Nich. Jekyl, de Cast. Kenningh. in com. Essex, Arm.
r Memorials of K. Charles, fol. 388.
8 The mother of his third wife, Brilliana Conway, was Dorothy, sister to Mary
Lady Vere, and daughter to Sir John Tracy. He was therefore not related to
Lord Vere himself.

58 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

them/ that the said Lord, in his will, dated Nov. 10th, 1634,
styling him his much respected friend, makes him the first of his
trustees, by indenture, Oct. 20th, 1634, which he also confirmed
by his will. He was one of the leading members in the Parlia-
ments of Charles I. also captain of a troop of horse in the Par-
liament's service, and had considerable influence in the public
affairs, as may further appear in the printed histories of those
times. uIn April, 1642, he was chosen, by the King, one of the
Commissioners and Council for the advising, ordering, and dis-
posing" all things concerning the government and defence of the
kingdom of Ireland. He was a great patron of religion and
learning ; an enemy to oppression, bigotry, and hypocrisy ; and
protected the puritan ministers against the violence of the courts
of high commission, and star-chamber.

He was thrice married ; first, to Anne, daughter of Charles
Barret, of Belhouse, in Aveley, in Essex, Esq. by whom he had
a son named Thomas, who died young ; and she was buried at
Cuxton, near Rochester, in Kent, where there is a handsome mo-
nument erected for her. Secondly, Mary, daughter to Sir Francis
Newport, of High Ercal, in com. Salop, afterwards Lord New-
port, by whom he had issue, John, born at Brampton-castle, on
Oct. 18th, 1607, and afterwards buried at Bucknel ; also eight
children more, who all died young. x This Lady Mary, their
mother, was buried at Brampton-Brian, on Aug, 5th, 1622. He
took to his third wife, Brilliana, fecond daughter of Edward,
Viscount Conway (* one of the greatest men oj that age, both in
camp and state, says Collins), by Dorothy his wife, daughter to
Sir John Tracy, of Todington, in com. Gloucester, Knt. sister
to Mary, wife of that renowned General, Sir Horace Vere, Lord
Verc, of Tilbury ; by which his family became related to the
Veres, earls of Oxford 5 Holleses, Earls of Clare; and several
other noble families. This marriage was solemnized on July 22d,
1623 : and, by the said Lady Brilliana, he had issue, 1. Sir Ed-<
ward Harley, hereafter mentioned;

* Ex Regist. vocat Sadler, quire 4$, in Cur. Praerog. Cmtuar.

u Pat. 4 April, 18 Car. i. x Regist. de Brampton-Brian.

y I let this stand, to shew with what strange and uniform flattery the old edi-
tions of Collins have distributed their praise. This is not the fitst lord Conway,
whofe notable insufficiency is mentioned by Clarendon j but his son, of whom
the "noble Historian has drawn a character in his first volume, p. 141, and who,
though here eulogized as one of the greatest soldiers, incurred the most disgrace-
ful defrat from the rebels at Newburn, in the North, ci.at happened during th«
whole war.

:EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 5g

1. Sir Robert Harley, Knt.z who married, on Feb. 8th, 16/0,

Edith, daughter of Pembrugge, Esq. and widow of Major

Hinton, but died issueless, and was also buried at Brampton, on
JsFov. 18 th, 16735

3. Thomas Harley, of Kinsham-court, in com. Hereford, Esq.
who, by Abigail his wife, daughter of Sir Richard Saltonstall,
<Knt. had four sons, who died issueless.

Sir Robert had also four daughters ; Brilliana, wife of James
Stanley, second son of Sir Robert Stanley, Knt, who was second
son to William, earl of Derby ; Dorothy, wife of William Mitchell,
in the county of Norfolk, Esq. ; Margaret and Elizabeth, who
die unmarried.

His Lady Brilliana, fo christened because born while her father
was Governor of the Brill, was highly celebrated for her prudence
and valour in the late civil wars ; having a so heroically defended
her husband's castle of Brampton, against the powerful army
which invaded it, that they were, after many attacks, obliged to
raise the siege, merely through her skilful management of treaties
with the adverfaries, and exemplary courage, which animated the
defendants; well becoming a descendant from her warlike ances-
tors. This siege of Brampton was begun on July 26th, lG43,b
and lasted seven weeks, in which time most of the town was
burnt; and this gallant lady dying in October following, .the
castle was a second time besieged. And then', after a long and
brave defence, though made by Sir Robert Harley 's servants only,
and the besiegers cannon having laid all the walls and outworks
in ruin, it was surrendered and burnt; as was also his castle of
Wigmore (the ancient seat of the Mortimers) together with the
church of Brampton; also his two parks and warren laid waste;
besides above forty dwelling-houses destroyed. And as the family
has been ever addicted to the love of literature, as well as the ex-
ercise of arms, an extraordinary library of manuscript and printed
books, which had been collected from one descent to another,
also perished in Brampton- castle, and the said demolition and
sack thereof; the whole loss amounting, as it has been computed,
to above 50,0001. Sir Henry Lingen's estate (who had besieged
the castle, and burnt the town of Brampton, &c.) was afterwards
laid under sequestration, and the profits thereof* ordered to make
satisfaction for those great damages. Yet so honourable, so com-

P Reg;st. de Brampton-Brian. a Ex Collect. H. Thomas.

b The Old Register of Brampton, at the end.

00 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

passionate was Colonel Harlej', that after an inventory had been
taken of all the personal estate and goods, he waited on the Lady
Lingen (Sir Henry being dead), and having asked, " whether
that was a perfect inventory, and she had signed the same," he
presented it to her, with all his right thereto. Sir Robert Harley
wanted not fortitude, hereditary and acquired, to sustain these
disasters ; living several years after them, and at last died of the
stone and gout, on Nov. 6th, and was interred with his ancestors
at Brampton-Brian, con Dec. 10th following, anno 1656. His
funeral sermon was preached, the day of his interment, by the
Rev. Mr. James Froyseld, who, soon after publishing the same,
dedicated it to his son Colonel Edward Harley -, to that, therefore,
we refer for his further deserved praise. Among other hardships
in his old age, he was imprisoned by the army, on the following
occasion: on Dec. 6th, 1648, he and his son Colonel Edward
Karley having voted, " That the King's answer to the proposi-
tions from both houses, was a ground for them to proceed upon,
to the settlement of the kingdom's peace," the army the next
morning seized on forty-one of the principal members then sit-
ting; and Sir Robert, with his son Colonel Harley, being two of
them, were conveyed into their great victualling-house, near
Westminster-hall, called Hell, where they kept them all night,
without beds, and were after driven as prisoners (through snow
and rain) to several inns in the Strand, and there confined under
guards of the soldiers." See Dugdales View of the Troubles,
p. 362.

Colonel Edward Harley succeeded his father, as his eldest son
and heir, in his estate and virtues : and, being a man of great
integrity, was deservedly advanced to great honour. He was
baptized at Wigmore, on Oct. 21st, 1624, and was educated at
Magdai en-hall, in Oxford, though he did not abide long there.
d He was one of the Knights of the shire for Hereford, with nit
father, in the last Parliament called by Charles 1.; and, upon the
eruption of the civil war, he was Colonel of a regiment, which
he raised himself. In one of his first engagements, in the year
1642, he was shot with a musket-ball, which he bore in his body
fifty-eight years, even to his grave. He distinguished his valour
and expertness in arms, in several battles ; and, in the year 1644/
he was made governor of Monmouth ; also, the year after, of

c Kegist. de Brampton. d Ex: Collect. B. Willis, Arm.

* Whitlock's Memoirs, p. 102.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 6l

Cannon -Frome, a garrison between Worcester and Hereford. In
1647/ he was one of the eleven members in the House of Com-
mous, who, by reason of their firmness in promoting a peace with
the King/ were impeached by the army of high treason ; " For
that, by their power in the house, the ordinance for disbanding
the army did pass ;*' and threatened, if they were not expelled,
they would march Up to Westminster : whereby the rest of the
members were so intimidated, as to exclude them the house. But,
being some time after again admitted, he and his father, Sir
Robert Harley, were, by the army, made prifoners, as already
mentioned in the account of Sir Robert. In 1656, being chosen
by the county of Hereford, one of their representatives in Parlia-
ment j and Oliver Cromwell having secluded him, with several
other members who would not be subservient to him ; he was
one of those who signed and published a remonstrance,11 " That
they would not be frighted or flattered to betray their country,
and give up their religion, lives, and estates, to be at his will, to
terve his lawless ambition." And in very pathetic terms, set forth
the depredations of Cromwell, and the power he had assumed ;
protesting, that the assembly at Westminster was not the repre-
sentative body of England ; and " That all such members as
•hall take on them to approve the forcible exclusion of other
chosen members, or shall sit, vote, or act, by name of the Parlia-
ment of England, while, to their knowledge, many of the chosen
members are so by force shut out, ought to be reputed betrayers
of the liberties of England, and adherents to the capital enemy of
the commonwealth."

In the Parliament which restored Charles II. he was one of the
members for the county of Hereford. He approved himself such
a faithful assertor of the royal cause, and was so instrumental to
the restoration, that meeting the King at Dover, upon his first
return to his dominions, his Majesty made him Governor of Dun-
kirk; and he went directly to take possession of it, that the town
might not fall into the hands of the French, as General Monk
told him otherwise it would. He also preferred a petition to the
council, which Mr. Annesley reported to the House of Commons,
on June 29th, 1660/ and was referred to a committee, to take

f Ibid. p. 256. and Kennet's Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. fol. 168.
§ Upon this occasion Baxter mentions him : he calls him, " a sober and troly
religious man j the worthy son of a most pious father, Sir Robert Harky.**
f'<fe, p. 60.

k Whitlock, p. 643. * Journ. Dona. Com.

02 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

into consideration the establishment of a government at Dunkirk,
what number of men would be necessary to be continued, and
upon what pay ; and thereupon to prepare an establishment, and
report it to the house, with their opinion, how provision may,
with most conveniency, be made for the settled payment
thereof.

His said government of Dunkirk was soon after confirmed by
the King j the warrant made to him for life, which he chose to
have altered to during pleasure ; telling the then Solicitor-gene-
ral, that he would never serve any Prince longer than he desired.
The commission was therefore drawn .up in these words (of which
there are copies in the office of records) :

" CHARLES the second, by the grace of God, King of Eng-
land, Scotland, and Ireland, Defender of the faith, &c. To all to
whom these presents shall or may come, greeting. Know ye,
that we, reposing especial trust and confidence in the great in-
dustry, judgment, approved abilities, and good affections, of our
trustie and welbeloved Colonell Edward Harley, have constituted,
ordained, and appointed, and by these presents, of our especiall
grace, certain knowledge, and mere motion, doe constitute, or-
deyne, and appoint the said Colonell Edward Harley, Governour
of our town, port, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, in
West Flaunders, and of all the forts, fortifications, and our other
strong holds and havens thereunto belonging : to have and to
hold the said office or place of Governour of our said towne,
porte, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, and of all the
forts, fortifications, and other strong holds thereunto belonging,
unto the said Colonell Edward Harley, during our pleasure ; with
all privileges, profits, allowances, duties, fees, emoluments, per-
quisites, commodities, thereunto incident and belonging, in as
large and ample manner, and forme, as any person or persons
heretofore exercising and executing the said office of Governour
of our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mar-
dyke, formerly enjoyed and received, for the exercise and execu-
tion thereof. And for the better ordering and governing of all
and every of our officers and souldiers already placed, or hereafter
to be placed within our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dun-
kirke, and Mardyke, and the forts thereunto belonging, wee do
by these presents give full power and authoritie to the said Colo-
nell Edward Harley, from time to time, upon any just occasion,
to remove, displace, and cashiere all and everie officers and soul-

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 63

diers, officer and.souldier nowe placed, or hereafter to be placed
in our said towne and guarison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, for
the defence and safeguard thereof, who, for contempt and dis-
obedience, or any reasonable cause, shall deserve the same j and,
in his or their places so removed, to admit and place others as
often as occasion shall require, and to put in execution the law
martiall against notorious offenders, for the prevention of all mu-
tinies, rebellions, and insurrections, within our said towne and
guarison of Dunkirke and Mardyke, and other the places afore-
said : and from time to time to doe and execute all and every
such lawful act and acts, thinge and things whatsoever, as may-
tend to the safetie and well governing of our said towne and gua-
rison of Dunkirke, and Mardyke, and other the places aforesaid:
in as ample manner and forme, as any person or persons formerly
Governour or Governours of the said towne and guarison have
lawfully executed and performed. And further, for that the said
Colonel Edward Harley may have urgent occasions sometimes to
absent himself from his said charge and command, we have given
and graunted, and by these presents doe give and graunt unto the
said Colonell Edward Harley, in case of such his absence, full
power and authoritie to nominate, substitute, and appoint, one
or more deputie or deputies, for whom hee the said Colonell Ed-
ward Harley will be answerable : to which deputie or deputies,
we do hereby give full power and authoritie, in the absence of
the said Colonel Edward Harley, to do and execute all the powers
and authorities hereby given to the said Colonel Harley, in as
large and ample manner as the said Colonel Harley might or
ought lawfully doe and execute, if hee were present. Willinge
and hereby streightly charginge and commanding all our officers,
as well civill as martiall, and all, and all manner our loveinge
subiects, within our said towne, porte, and guarison of Dunkirke
and Mardyke, and places aforesaid, to be aydeing, assistant, and
obedient unto the said Colonell Edward Harley, or any other
authorised, by, or under him as aforesaid, in the due execution
of his said office, and place, as they and everie of them will an-
sweare the contrary at their perils. In witness whereof, wee have
caused these our letters to be made patents. Witness our selfe
at Westminster, the fourteenth day of Julie, in the twelfth yeare
of our reign."

By the Kinge,

HOWARD.

04 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

During the short space of time he held this government of
Dunkirk, he k recruited the garrison to above nine thousand men,,
and began many fortificatiuns, which were afterwards perfected
by the French. And, as a singular pattern of incorruptible fide-
lity, be it remembered, to his lasting glory, that no honours, no
rewards, could make him act contrary to the interest of his coun-
try. He was so far from uniting with those who consented to
the sale of Dunkirk to the French, that he strenuously opposed
it 5 and by his interest, got the l House of Commons to pass a
resolution to prepare an act that it should never be alienated, but
be made a part of the King's hereditary dominions. Nor could
he be prevailed on, by threats or promises, or even by great bribes,
to relinquish that resolution. And it must be more particularly
remembered,111 that he refused the dignity of Peerage j also an
offer made him, by a certain great man, of ten thousand pounds,
to be passive in the surrender of that place, and forbear his pro-
secution of a law, to annex Dunkirk to the crown of England.
However, the court being determined to sell the town, he received
the following order at Dunkirk, on May 25th, by the hands of
Major Floyd :

" Charles R.
u WHEREAS, we have given commission to our right trusty
and well-beloved Andrew, Lord Retorfort, to bee Govemour of
the said garrison, and to take charge of the said garrison, with
all the forts and strengths thereof, and of the ordnance, amuni-
tion, and other furniture of war, in or belonging to the said
garrison : these are to require you, Sir Edward Harley, Governor
of the said garrison of Dunkirke, upon sight hereof, to surrender
and deliver up the said garrison of Dunkirke, with all the forts
and strengths therein, or therewith under your command ; and
all the ordnance, arms, ammunition, stoares, and other furniture
and utensils of war, with all provisions, cloathes and necessaries
belonging to the said garrison, or now therein for publique use,
or in any of the forts and strengths, that are under your com-
rrjand, unto Andrew, Lord Retorfort aforesaid, for our service;
taking the said Lord Retorfort's receipt for all the particulars
you shall so deliver up unto him, which shall be your discharge

k Hist, de la Maison de Hartey,-par Mons. Moret, MS.
1 Rennet's Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. p. z^.
m Moret ut supra.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 65

for the fame. Given at our court at Whitehall, this 22d day of

May, in the 13th year of our reign.

To our trusty and well- by his Majestie's command,

beloved Sir Edward Harley, ..... T -v^-*%».

Knight of the Bath. WILL. MORICE.

Having seen the Lord Retorfort's discharge, here follows an exact

copy of it.

" I doe heirby certify, that in obedience to his Majesties or-
dres of the tuentie tuo of May, l66l, to the ficht honorable Sir
Edward Harley, he hath surrendered and delyvered up to me his
Majesties garrison of Dunkerk, with all the forts and strengths
thereunto belonging, and all the ordonnances, amies, ammunition,
stores and other furniture and ustencelles of warr, with all pro-
visions or other necessaries belonging to the said garrison. For
the which I have given, to the said richt honorable Sir Edward
Harley, this my recept to serve for his discharge. At Dunkerk,
this tuenty eichtMay, l66l."

RETORFORT.

It appears that the King allowed 12001. weekly, for maintain-
ing the garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardyke,n and that Sir Edward
Harley left in the hands of Thomas de la Vail, Deputy-treasurer
of Dunkirk, 127,7521. 15 s. for which the Lord Retorfort, his
successor, afterwards Earl of Tiviot, gave his receipt, bearing date
May 29th, 1(561.

Upon the expense of the King's marriage, and that of settling
the Queen mother in a splendid court at Somerset-house, France
took the opportunity to complete their bargain for Dunkirk.
" The first motion to the King for complying therewith, as my
author says,° he was assured by a knowing man, was the great
expense in keeping itj which Ruterfort the Governor had in-
creased to an exorbitant degree, since the dismission of Sir Ed-
ward Harley." It was sold for 500,0001. and ingloriously put
into the possession of the French, under the government of the
Count D'Estrades, P the English governor Rutherfort, with two
companies guarding the gates, at their entrance, and delivering
the keys.

n Sir Edward Harlcy's Account of the Expenses and Treasure at Dunkirk,
MS.

• Echard's Hist, of England, Vol. IIL p. 84.
P Kennet's Hist, of England, Vol, III. p. 259.
VOL. IV. JP

66 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lord Lansdown, in his vindication of General Monk, gives this
account of Sir Edward Harley : ** General Monk foresaw early
what might happen to be the fate of Dunkirk, and took his pre-
cautions in the very beginning to preserve it, by placing Sir Ed-
ward Harley in the command, a man of public spirit, firm to
the interest of his country, and not to be biassed, tempted, or
deluded to be assisting in any thing contrary to it. This appeared
plainly afterwards j for the first step taken, as soon as the treaty
was projected, was to remove that gallant man, and place another
Governor in his stead."

When Sir Edward Harley returned into England, and had de-
livered up his accounts, which appeared unexceptionable to the
council, he took his leave of the King on that occasion, and told
him before the Duke of Albemarle, that the guns, stores, arms,
and ammunition he left at Dunkirk, were worth more money
than the French were to give for the place. He also told the
King, he should leave him one thing more, which his Majesty
might not think of, ^and that was 10,0001. he had saved in an
iron chest against a siege, or any other exigence which might
happen. Upon the whole, he acquitted himself so honourably,
that the King was pleased to give him the following gracious
release :

S< CHARLES the second, by the grace of God, King of Eng-
land, Scotland, France, and Ireland, Defender of the faith, &c.
To all to whomc theise presents shall come, greeting. Whereas
our trusty and well-beloved Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the
Bath, hath performed and done unto us many eminent and accep-
table services, which wee do hereby, and shall always acknow-
ledge, particularly in his singular care, and conduct, and vigilance,
while hee was Governour for us of the towne, port, and garrison
of Dunkirk, and Mardike, in West Flanders, and of all forts,
fortifications, and other strong holds and havens thereunto be-
longing. And whereas the said Sir Edward Harley having, in
obedience to our comand, delivered up the said garrison of the
said towne of Dunkirk, and Mardike, into the charge of our right
trusty and right well-beloved cousin, Andrew, Earl of Tiveot
(then Lord Rultherford) did present to the Lords of our Privy-
council, an accompt of the disbursements of money, during his the
said Sir Edward Harley's service there, with a true state of the

1 Ex Collect. Joh. Freind, M.D. MS.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 67

regiments, money, victualls, artillery, amunition, and all other
provisions belonging to the said garrison, and received from him
by the said Earl of Tiveot. Which accompt the said Lords of
our councell did approve and cause to be entered into the coun-
cell book. Know yee therefore, that wee of our especiall grace,
certain knowledge, and meere motion, have remised, released,
pardoned, and quit claimed : and by theise our letters patents for
us, our heirs and successors, doe remit, release, pardon, and for
ever quit-clayme, unto the said Sir Edward Harley, his heirs, exe-
cutors, and administrators, all and all manner of actions, suites,
complaints, impeachments, accompts, debts, prosecutions or de-
mands whatsoever, or causes of actions, suites, complaintes, im-
peachments, accompts, debts, profecutions, or demands whatso-
ever, either in law or equity, to us, our heirs and successors,
belonging, or in any wise aperteyning, for, touching, or concern-
ing any cause, matter, or things whatsoever, acted or done, or
suffred to be acted or done, or omitted or neglected to bee done
by him-, the said Sir Edward Harley, during his government
aforesaid j or for, touching, or concerning any matter, cause, or
thing whatsoever, belonging or relating to his said government
of the said town, port, and garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardike,
in West Flanders aforesaid. And of the forts, fortifications, and
other strong holds and havens thereunto belonging. And our
further will and pleasure is, and by these presents for us, our
heires and successors, Wee do give and graunte to the said Sir
Edward Harley, his heirs, executors, and administrators, that he,
they, and all and every of them, his, theire, and all and every of
theire mannors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments j and his
theire, and all and everie of theire goods, chattells, rights, and
credits, shall be and are by theise presents, and from henceforth
for ever freed and discharged, of and from all, and all manner of
actions, suit, quarrels, impeachments, accompts, debts, prosecu?
tions, and demands whatsoever, allready comenced, or levyed, or
hereafter to be comenced, prosecuted or levyed on the behalf of
us, our heires and successors, for any cause, matter, or thing
whatsoever, touching, belonging, or relating to his the said Sir
Edward Harley's said government of the said towne, port, and
garrison of Dunkirk, and Mardike, and the forts, fortifications,
and other the strong holds and havens thereunto belonging: any
statute, provision, lawe, grant, commission, constitution, decree,
or whatsoever to the contrary thereof, .in any wise notwithstand-
ing} although expresse mention of the true yearly value or ccr-

08 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

teinty of the premisees, or any of them, or of any other guifts,
or grants by us, or by any of our progenitors or predecessor*
heretofore made, to the said Sir Edward Harley, in theise pre-
sents, is not made, or any other statute, act, ordinance, provision,
proclamation, or restriction heretofore had, made, enacted, or-
deyned or provided, or any other matter, cause or thing whatso-
ever to the contrary thereof in any wise notwithstanding. In
witness whereof, wee have caused theise our letters to be made
patents. Witness our selfe at Westminster, the third day of De-
cember, in the fifteenth year of our reigne."

By writt of Privy Seale,

HOWARD.

When Charles II, made a creation of Peers upon his restora-
tion, Sir Edward Harley had the offer of a warrant for a Viscount,
which he, with great modesty and duty to the King, declined
accepting of j and gave this reason for it, " lest his zeal and his
services, for the restoration of the ancient government, should be
reproached, as proceeding from ambition, and not conscience :*'
and so nice was he in this point, that his being made Knight
of the Bath was done without his knowledge j he being then at
Dunkirk, and the King inserted his name in the list with his own
hand.

He was one r of the Members for the town of Radnor, and for
the county of Hereford, in all the Parliaments of Charles II. was
much regarded in the House of Commons for his sound reason-
ing, and generally closed the debate -, as may be found * in the
printed books, which record the transactions of Parliament in
those times.

He was also elected for the county aforesaid, in several Parlia-
ments called by King William, to the time of his death, which
happened at Brampton-Brian, on DecJ 8th, 1700,1 and was buried
in that church in the family vault.

He was twice married : first, on June 26th, 1654, to Mary,
daughter of Sir William Button, of Parkgate, in Devonshire (by
his second wife, the daughter of Arthur Ascot, of Tetcote, in
com. Devon, Esq.) by whom he had issue four daughters ; viz.
Brilliana, wife to Alexander Popham, of Tewksbury, in com.

* Ex Collect. B. Willis, Arm.

* Debates of the Jlouse of Commons} 8vo. i68<*.

1 Regist. de Brampton.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 69

Gloucester, Esq. Martha, wife to Samuel Hutchins, of London,
Merchant? and two Maries, who both died young.

His second wife was Abigail, daughter of Nathaniel Stephens,
of Essington, in Gloucestershire, Esq by whom his children were
u allied to Sir Francis Walsingham, the famous Sir Philip Sidney,
and the great Earl of Essex. By this wife he had four sons, and
one daughter.

1. Robert, Earl of Oxford, &c.

2. Edward Harley, of Eywood, in com. Hereford, Esq. whose
character and eminent virtues, in public and private life, cannot
be more justly set forth, than by inserting the inscription placed
on his monument in the church yard of Titley, in which parish
his seat of Eywood is situated.

Under this STONE,

By his own Appointment, Lye humbly interr'd
The Reliques of the honourable Edward Harley, Esq.
Of Eywood, in the County of Hereford, second son of
Sir Edward Harley, Knight of the Bath, of Bramton
Brian, in the same County, and Brother to the Right
Honourable Robert, Earl of Oxford : He married
Sarah, third daughter of Thomas Foley, of Witley,
in the County of Worcester, Esq. by whom he had
three Sons and one Daughter.

He was Recorder of Leominster, above forty years,
And Represented that Borough near thirty Years in Parliament,
In which his Skill in the Law,
And unwearied Application to Business,
And extensive knowledge of public Affairs,

Join'd with a calm and unprejudic'd Judgment,
A steady and unbiass'd Adherence to the Constitution,
And a disinterested Zeal for the Good of his country,
Made him justly Esteemed,
One of the great Supports and Ornaments of it.

In 1 702, He was advanced by Queen Anne,

To be one of the Auditors of the Imprest.
Which important Place he executed to his Death,

With great Care, Integrity, and Ability 5

8 Histoire de la Maison dc Harley, par M. Moret,

70 PEERxAGE OF ENGLAND.

And, by his Regulation, of the National Accounts,
His Service to the Public remains after his Death.
Vet his Assiduity in Civil Imployments,
Neither lessen'd his Attention to Religion,
Nor interrupted his daily Course of Devotion ;
The Discharge of his Duty, as a Christian,
Was the Source and Center of all his Desires.

His Hospitality was Great,
His Liberality Greater 5
His Charity private and without Ostentation,
Nor ever made known but where it cou'd not be conceal'd.
He augmented several small Livings
In this- County, and in Monmouthshire j
He maintain'd several Charity Schools in Both ;
And endowed one for ever at Bra m ton Brian,
The Place of his Birth.

From his known Zeal to promote Christian Knowledge,

And particularly the Instruction of Youth,

In the Year 1J25

He was chosen Chairman of the Trustees
For the Charity Schools in London.

The whole Tenour of his Life was strictly Moral,
Without Dissimulation, Pride, or Envy 5
His Deportment Affable and Humble,
His Conversation Chearful and Instructive.
He was faithful and constant to his Friends,
Charitable and Forgiving to his Enemies,
Just and Beneficent to all.
And the great Example of Piety and Religion,
( Which shone thro' hisLife, and was most couspicuous on his deathBcd)
Is the great Consolation and Blessing,
He has transmitted to his Posterity.

He was born the 7th of June, 1664.
And died on the 30th of August, lj'65.

The issue, mentioned in the above inscription, were, Edward,
third Earl of Oxford 5 Robert, who died an infant j Robert, who
was chosen member for Leominster, in the two Parliaments called
in 1734, and 1742j was Recorder of the said borough 5 served
in several Parliaments for Droitwich, died unmarried, March 14th,

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. ;i

1774, and was buried at Titley, com. Hereford: and Abigail,
married to the Hon. John Verney, master of the rolls, father by
her of the present Lord Willoughby de Broke.

.3. Nathaniel, the youngest surviving son of Sir Edward Har-
ley, was baptized on March 6th, 1665, and bred a merchant. He
died at Aleppo, in January, 1719-20. Sir Edward had also a son
named Brian, who died young j and a daughter, named Abigail,
born in 1664, who died unmarried, on Oct. 4th, 1726.

His eldest son, Robert Harley, Esq. was born in Bow-street,
in the parish of St. Paul, Co vent-Garden, on Dec. 5th, 1661.

He was educated under the Reverend Mr Birch, at Shilton,
near Burford, Oxfordshire j which, though a private school, was
remarkable for producing, at the same time, a Lord High Trea-
surer/ a Lord High Chancellor/ a Lord Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas,2 and ten Members of the House of Commons ;
who were all contemporaries, as well at school, as in Parliament.
Here he laid that foundation of extensive knowledge, in human
and divine learning, in which he afterwards became so eminent.
. At the Revolution, Sir Edward Harley, and this his eldest son,
raised a troop of horse at their own expense, and marched to
Worcester, of which place Sir Edward was made Governor, by
the Gentlemen of the county 5 and his two sons were sent, by
him, to tender his and their services to the Prince of Orange, and
to give his Highness an account of the posture of affairs in those
parts.

After the accession of William and Mary, the said Robert
Harley, Esq. was first a chosen, on a vacancy, member of Parlia-
ment for Tregony, in Cornwall, and afterwards served for the
town of Radnor, from 169O, till he was called up to the House
of Lords. On Nov. 13th, 1690, bhe was ordered to bring in a
bill for the better ease of Sheriffs in passing their accounts, and
in the execution of their office; and on Dec. 26th following, was
chosen, cby ballot, one of the nine Members of the House of
Commons, Commissioners for stating the public accounts. On
Nov. 3d, 1691, on his motion, the Commons resolved, du That
the paying the army any otherwise than by musters of effective
men, is a great wasting of their Majesty's treasure, and ordered
a bill for paying the army according to the musters of effective

Earl of Oxford. y Lord Harcourt. z Lord Trevor.

a Willis's Notit. Parliament, Vol. II. p. 116.
b Vote of the House of Commons, No. 37.
e Bp. Kennet's Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. p. 609. d Vote, No. S.

n PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

men : and for better payment of quarters, and preventing false
musters, and punishing mutiny and desertion." And Mr. Harleye
presented the bill to the house, on Nov. 10th following. He was
also chosen one of the arbitrators for uniting the two India com-
panies/

In 1(X)4, the House of Commons made it their first business to
order Mr. Harley, Nov. 19th, to prepare and bring in a bill,
** For the frequent meeting and calling of Parliaments 3" which
they had been so earnest for in former sessions.^ And he drew
up and presented the bill, Nov. 22d, which met with so ready a
concurrence in the House, that it was sent up to the Lords, Dec.
13th, who, on the 18th of the same month, agreed to it without
any amendments. On Feb. 11th, 1700-1, he was chosen Speaker
of the House of Commons.h That Parliament being dissolved
the same year by King William, and a new one called, he was
again chosen Speaker on Dec. 31st following. Also, in the first
Parliament called by Queen Anne, he was elected Speaker, whereby
he had that dignity in three successive Parliaments.

On April 17th, 1704, he was sworn of her Majesty's privy-
council 5 and on May 1 8th following, sworn in Council one of

• « Note, No. 8. * Kennet's Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. p. 666.

g It has already been seen, that he was of a stanch Whig family. About
this time, Burnet observes, that he fell into opposition to the Whig Monarch now
on the throne. " Harley (says he), was a man of a very noble family, and very
eminently learned ; much turned to politics, and of a very restless ambition. He
was a man of great industry and application ; and knew forms, and the records
of parliament so well, that he was capable, both of lengthening out, and perplex-
ing debates. Nothing could answer his aspiring temper i ss he and Foley joined
with the Tories to create jealousies, and raise an opposition : they soon grew to
be able to delay matters long} and set «n foot some very uneasy things that
were popular j such as the Bill against Parliament Men's being in Places j and
that for dissolving the Parliament, and for having a new one every third year."
O. T. II. 109.

n " The man, on whose management of the House of Commons (says Bur-
net), the new ministry, in 1700, depended, was Mr. Harley, the heir of a family
which had been hitherto the moft eminent of the Presbyterian party j his edu-
cation was in that way ; but he not being considered at the Revolution as he
thought he deserved, had set himself to oppose the Court in every thing, and to
find fault with the whole administration ; he had the chief hand, both in the
reduction of the Army, and in the matter of the Irish Grants. The High Party
trusted him, though he still kept up an interest among the Presbyterians} and
he had so particular a dexterity, that he made both the High Church party, and
the Dissenters, depend upon him 5 so it was agreed, that he should be Speaker. "
O. T. H. z<.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 73

the principal Secretaries of State, being also Speaker of the House
of Commons at the same time. In 1706, he was appointed one
of the Commissioners for the treaty of Union with Scotland,
which took effect j and resigned his place of principal Secretary
of State, in Feb; nary, 1/07-S. On August 10th, 171O, he was
constituted one of the Commissioners of the Treasury, also Chan-
cellor and Under-Treasurer of the Exchequer. And, having
three days after been again sworn in the Privy-council, he was,
on March 8th following, in great danger of his life; the Marquis
of Guiscard, a French Papist (then under examination of a com-
mittee of the Privy-council at Whitehall), stabbing him with a
penknife, which he took up in the Clerk's room, where he waited
before he was examined j Guiscard was thereupon imprisoned,
and died in Newgate on the 17th of the same month. Where-
upon an act of Parliament passed, making it felony, without be-
nefit of clergy, to make an attempt on the life of a Privy-coun-
sellor, in the execution of his office ; and a clause was inserted,
" to justify and indemnify all persons, who in assisting in defence
of Mr. Harley, Chancellor of the Exchequer, when he was stab-
bed by the Sieur de Guiscard, and in securing him, did give any
wound or bruise to the said Sieur de Guiscard, whereby he re-
ceived his death." And, both Houses of Parliament having ad-
dressed her Majesty on the occasion, they expressed their great
concern *' at the most barbarous and villanous attempt made
upon the person of Robert Harley, Esq. Chancellor of your Ma-
jesty's Exchequer, by the Marquis of Guiscard, a French Papist,
at the time when he was under examination for treasonable prac-
tices, before a committee of your Majesty's council. We cannot
but be most deeply affected, to find such an instance of inveterate
malice against one employed in your Majesty's council, and so
near your royal person. And we have reason to believe, that his
fidelity to your Majesty, and zeal for your service, have drawn
on him the hatred of all the abettors of Popery and faction. We
think it our duty on this occasion, to assure your Majesty, that
we will effectually stand by and defend your Majesty, and those
who have the honour to be employed in your service, against all
public and secret attempts of your enemies, &c."

Whereupon her Majesty returned this answer 3

•' My Lords and Gentlemen,
" I take this addrefs very kindly from you, on the occasion of

74 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

that barbarous attempt on Mr. Harley, whose zeal and fidelity in
my service must appear yet more eminently, by that horrid endea-
vour to take away his life, for no other reason, that appears, but
his known opposition to Popery and faction. Your warm concern
for the safety of my person, and the defence of those employed
in my service, is very grateful to me, &c."

The wound he had received, confined him for some weeks :
and the House of Commons being informed, that it was almost
healed, and that he would in a few days come abroad, they came,
on April 11th, to this unanimous resolution, " That when the
right honourable Robert Harley, Esq. Chancellor of her Majesty's
Exchequer, attends the service of the house, the Speaker do, in
the name of this house, congratulate the said Mr. Harley's escape
and recovery from the barbarous and villainous attempt made upon
him by the Sieur de Guiscard."

And, attending the service of the house on April 26th, the
Speaker (William Bromley, Esq.), addressed himself to him in
the following speech :

" Mr. Chancellor of the Exchequer,

" When the barbarous and villainous attempt made upon you
by the Sieur de Guiscard, a French Papist, was communicated to
this house, they immediately declared, They were most deeply
affected to find such an instance of inveterate malice against you.
And observing how you have been treated by some persons, they
concluded they had reason to believe, that your fidelity to her
Majesty, and zeal for her service, had drawn upon you the hatred
of all the abettors of Popery and faction.

" In this opinion they must be abundantly confirmed, since
the Lords, and the Queen, have concurred with them.

'* Sir, if your fidelity to her Majesty, and zeal for her service,
could ever be doubted, and wanted any testimonials to prove
them, you have now the most ample, and the most undeniable,
that can be given j and, after these, it would be an unpardonable
presumption in me, to imagine I could add to them, by saying
any thing of your faithful discharge of those great trusts you have
been honoured with j to which your eminent abilities at first re-
commended you, and your distinguishing merits have since justi-
fied her Majesty's wise choice.

" Your very enemies, Sir, acknowledge this, by their unwearied
and restless endeavours against your person and reputation.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 15

<c God be thanked, they have been hitherto disappointed, and
have not been able to accomplish what their inveterate, but im-
potent, malice had designed against both.

gf And, may the same Providence, that has wonderfully pre-
served you from some unparalleled attempts ; end that has raised
you up to be an instrument of great good in a very critical junc-
ture, when it was much wanted 5 continue still to preserve so
invaluable a life, for the perfecting of what is so happily begun ;
that we may owe to your counsels, and to your conduct (under
her Majesty), the maintenance and firm establishment of our
constitution in church and state.

(f These expectations, Sir, have filled this house with an in-
expressible satisfaction for your escape and recovery, which they
have unanimously commanded me to congratulate. I do there-
fore, in the name of this house, congratulate your escape and re-
covery from the barbarous and villainous attempt made upon you
by the Sieur de Guiscard."

To which Mr. Harley returned the following answer:

F Mr. Speaker,
" The honour this house has done me, which you have ex-
pressed in so obliging a manner, is a sufficient reward for the
greatest merit. I am sure it so far exceeds my deserts, that all
can do or suffer for the public, during the whole course of my
life, will still leave me in debt to your goodness. By the accept-
ance you have vouchsafed my poor service, how noble an encou-
ragement, worthy of you, has this house given all our fellow-
subjects, to exert themselves in the glorious cause of preserving
the constitution in church and state, and in loyalty to the best of
Sovereigns ? This, without doubt, was your view ; and this may
convince all, who are designedly obstinate, how dear the true
interest of the nation is to this honourable assembly. Sir, the
undeserved favour 1 have received this day, is deeply imprinted
in my heart ; and, whenever I look upon my breast, it will put
me in mind of the thanks due to God, my duty to the Queen,
"and that debt of gratitude and service I must always owe to this
honourable house, to you, Mr. Speaker, and to every particular
member."1

1 Burnet says, this accident was of great use to Harley, in advancing his
power. '

76 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The next day the Commons ordered their Speaker's speech to
Mr. Harley, and his answer, to be printed.

And having formed a scheme to satisfy all public and national
debts and deficiencies, by establishing the company, now called
the South Sea Company, her Majesty Queen Anne, resolving to
reward his many eminent services, was pleased to advance him to
the Peerage of Great Britain, by the style and titles of Baron
Harley, of Wigmore, in com. Hereford, Earl of Oxford,
and Earl Mortimer, with remainder, for want of issue male of
his own body, to the heirs male of Sir Robert Harley, Knight of
the Bath, Ms grandfather, by letters patent, bearing date May
24th, 1711, in the 10th year of her reign. The preamble of the
said patent is as follows :k

u Whatever favour the equity of a Prince can bestow on a
Gentleman, descended from an illustrious and very ancient family,
framed by nature for great things, improved by education in all
manner of learning for greater, exercised by long experience in
business, versed in many different employments of the common-
wealth, with extraordinary reputation, and not without danger :
such has our trusty and well-beloved Counsellor, Robert Harley,
justly deserved of us : he being the only man, who, by a full
House of Commons, was chosen Speaker for three successive
Parliaments 5 and, at the same time that he held the chair, was
one of our principal Secretaries of State : his capacity fitting him
for the management of those two important offices, which, though
they seemed to disagree in themselves, were easily reconciled by
one who knew how, with equal weight and address, to temper
and turn the minds of men j so wisely to defend the rights of the
people, without derogating from the prerogative of the crown ;
and who was thoroughly acquainted how well monarchy could
consist with liberty. Having run through these two employments
at the same time, after some breathing-while, he took care of our
Treasury, as Chancellor of our Exchequer ; put a stop to the
growing embezzlement of the public money, which was spreading
far and wide, like a contagion 5 provided for the settling a new
trade to the South Seasj and having, with wonderful sagacity,
very lately, and in a very good time, retrieved the languishing
condition of our exchequer ; and thus restored the public credit,
merited the applause of the Parliament, filled our citizens with
joy, and us (for our interest is ever the same with that of our

k It has been wid to be written by Swifr. See Harl. Misc. I. 1.

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 7?

people), with no small satisfaction : for these reasons, we deter-
mine to confer on a Gentleman, who has deserved so well of us,
and all our good subjects, those honours which were long since
due to him and his family ; being induced thereto by our own
inclination, and the general voice of all Great-Britain. Since
therefore the two houses of Parliament have declared, that the
fidelity and affection he has expressed in our service, have exposed
him to the hatred of wicked men, and the desperate rage of a
villainous parricide ; since they have congratulated his escape
from such imminent dangers, and put us in mind, that he might
not be preserved in vain, we willingly comply with their desires,
and grant him, who comes so honourably recommended by the
hearty votes of our Parliament, a place among the Peers 5 to
whom, by the noble blood, and long train of his ancestors, he is
so nearly allied ; and that, with all felicity, he take his title from
the city, where learning flourishes in so high a degree ; himself
the ornament of learning, and patron of learned men. Know,
&c."

In regard to the latter part of his Lordship's character, it may
justly be observed, that he was not only an encourager of litera-
ture, but the greatest collector, in his time, of all curious books
in print and manuscript, especially those concerning the history
of his own country} which were preserved, and much augmented,
by the late Earl his son. But, the Harleyan library being so much
celebrated for its usefulness, by other authors, I need only refer my
reader to the description of it, in the preface to Bishop Nichol-
son's English Historical Library, folio ; and to what I havecited
in my several accounts relating to the noble families, whereof I
have treated.

On Tuesday, May 29th, 1711* being the anniversary of the
nativity and restoration of Charles II.' the Queen appointed the
Earl of Oxford, &c. Lord High Treasurer of Great-Britain; her
Majesty having thought fit to pitch on that auspicious day, for
the inauguration of a Prime Minister, to whose wisdom, vigi-
lance, and integrity, the restoration of public credit was princi-
pally owing. On June 1st, his Lordship, attended by the Dukes
of Newcastle, Buckingham, Shrewsbury, Somerset, Ormond,
Beaufort, Schomberg, Queensberry, and Hamilton; the Earls of
Northampton, Rivers, Winchelsea, Scarsdale, Clarendon, Cardi-
gan, Rochester, Anglesey, Yarmouth, Jersey, Poulett, Cholmon-
deley, Marr, and Loudon ; the Lords Dartmouth, De la Warr,
Guilford, Butler of Weston, Hallifax, and Guernsey; with the

73 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Officers of the Exchequer, took the oath in the Court of Chan-
cery ; after which, his Lordship went to the Court of Exchequer,
and took also the usual oath as Lord High Treasurer ; en which
occasion Sir Simon Harcourt, the Lord-keeeper, addressed himself
to his Lordship, in the following speech :

" My Lord Oxford,
" The Queen, who does every thing with the greatest wis-
dom, has given a proof of it in the honours she has lately confer-
red on you, which are exactly suited to your deserts, and quali-
fications.

t( My Lord,
" The title, which you now bear, could not have been so justly
placed on any other of her Majesty's subjects. Some of that an-
cient blood, which fills your veins, is derived from the Veres :
and you have shewed yourself as ready to sacrifice it, for the
safety of your Prince, and the good of your country, and as fear-
less of danger, on the most trying occasions, as ever any of that
brave and loyal house were. Nor is that title less suited to you,
as it carries in it a relation to one of the chief seats of learning: :
for when your enemies, my Lord (if any such there still are), must
own, that the love of letters, and the encouragement of those who
excel in them, is one distinguishing part of your character.

" My Lord,
" The high station of Lord-Treasurer of Great-Britain, to
which her Majesty has called you, is the just reward of your emi-
nent services. You have been the great instrument of restoring
public credit, and relieving this nation from the heavy pressure
and ignominy of an immense debt, under which it languished ;
and you are now entrusted with the power of securing us from
a relapse into the same ill state, out of which you have rescued
us. This great office, my Lord, is every way worthy of you ;
particularly on the account of those many difficulties, with which
the faithful discharge of it must be unavoidably attended, and
which require a genius like yours to master them. The only
difficulty which even you, my Lord, may find insuperable, is
how to deserve better of the crown and kingdom after this ad-
vancement, than you did before it."

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 79

On August 15th, 1711, at a general court of the South Sea
Company, he was chosen their Governor, of which he had been
the chief founder or regulator. On October 26th, 1712, he was
elected a Knight-companion of the most noble Order of the Gar-
ter i and installed at Windsor, on August 4th 'following. He
was also one of the Governors of the Charter-house, and Custos
Rotulorum of the county of Radnor. On July 27th, 1714, he
resigned his staff as Lord High Treasurer of Great-Britain, at
Kensington, into the Queen's hands, who died on August 1st,
that year.

On June 10th, 1715, his lordship was impeached, by the house
of Commons, of high treason, and high crimes, and misdemeanors j
and was committed to the Tower by the house of Lords, on July
10th, the same year: where he suffered a severe and long con-
finement, till July 1st, 1717» when, after a public trial, he was
unanimously acquitted by his Peers.

Mr. Pope hath celebrated his memory in the following lines:1

" A soul supreme, in each hard instance try'd,
Above all pain, all anger, and all pride ;
The rage of power, the blast of public breath,
The lust of lucre, and the dread of death."

After his Lordship's decease, the following character was also
given of him :

(< During the time he was Prime Minister, notwithstanding
such a weight of affairs rested on him, he was easy and disen-
gaged in private conversation. He was endowed with great
learning, and was a great favourer and protector of it. Intrepid
by nature, as well as by the consciousness of his own integrity j
he would have chosen rather to fail by an impeachment, than to
have been saved by an act of grace j sagacious to view into the
remotest consequence of things, by which all difficulties fled be-
fore him. He was a courteous neighbour, a firm and affectionate
friend, and a kind, generous, and placable enemy, sacrificing his
just resentments, not only to public good, but to common inter-
cession arjd acknowledgment. He was a despiser of money;
and, what is yet more rare, an uncorrupted Minister of State ;

1 In the dedication of Parnell's Poemt j they are among the finest of Pupa's
lines.

80 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

which appeared, by not having made the least accession to his
fortune.""1

His Lordship married, first, Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas
Foley, of Witley-court, in the county of Worcester, Esq. and
sister to Thomas, the first Lord Foley, by whom he had issue,
Edward, his son and heir, second Earl of Oxford, &c. and two
daughters j

Lady Abigail, second daughter," married to George, Earl of
Kinnoul, in Scotland, and Baron Hay, of Pedwarden, in Eng-
land ; her Ladyship died at Broadsworth, near Doncaster, July
15th, 1750.

And Lady Elizabeth, eldest daughter," married, on Dec. 15th,
1712, to Peregrine-Hyde Osborne, Marquis of Carmarthen, after-
wards Duke of Leeds, by whom she died in childbed of the next
Duke of Leeds.

His Lordship took to his second wife, Sarah, daughter to Tho-
mas Middleton, Esq. a son of Sir Hugh Middleton, Bart, but by
her had no issue : and departing this life in the sixty-fourth year
of his age, on May 21st, 1724, wa9 succeeded in honour and
estate by Edward, his only son, before mentioned; and his second
Lady surviving him, died in June, 1737-

Which Edward, second Earl of Oxford, &c. married,
on October 31st, 1713, the Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holies,
only daughter and heir of his Grace John Holies, Duke of New-
castle.

His Lordship was eminently distinguished for his disinterest-
edness, both in public and private life j and was respected as one
of the principal patrons of the age, for his encouragement of lite-
rature, and learned men. Pie made a most valuable addition to
the rich magazine of manuscripts, collected by the Lord Trea-
surer, his father, especially in the history and antiquities of Eng-
land, both ecclesiastical and civil. He collected besides, an

m He was the rival of Bolingbroke, who has painted him in the blackest co-
lours } but Bolingbroke's authority will not gain unexamined assent. It is true
that he does not appear to have been endowed with brilliant, or commanding ta-
lents ; he trusted too much to intrigue, and management, and expedients, and
was reserved and dark in his conduct. His memory has been embalmed by the
circle of wits, whom he admitted to his hours of leisure and hospitality. Pope,
Swift, Parnel), Gay, and Prior, were among his intimate associates ; and whatever
dull men may think, there is much worldly wisdom in such a choice. Editor.
n Ped. of Milnes of Ebor*

\

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 81

invaluable treasure of original letters and papers of state, written
by the greatest Princes, Statesmen, and Scholars, as well of foreign
nations as of Great Britain. But I shall be the less particular
on this head, as the catalogue of these literary treasures is printed
in two large folio volumes. His printed books were the most
choice and magnificent that were ever collected in this kingdom.
There were in his library the first printed books of all countries,
and especially of our own. Many printed upon vellum, and
otherwise, in the grandest manner, and enriched with the most
costly sculpture. The printed books alone have been reckoned
above forty thousand volumes. As none were ever more zealous
to collect whatever rarities in literature would be most service-
able, to the learned, ingenious, and knowing part of mankind $
so none was more communicative thereof, as may sufficiently ap-
pear, in the numbers of authors who have made such respectful
references to the volumes in the Harleyan library. The valuable
collection of manuscripts was preserved by his Lady, the right
honourable Henrietta Cavendish Holies, Countess of Oxford, at
her house in Dover-street $ till her Ladyship, for the service of
the public, consented to the Parliament's making a purchase
thereof in 1754, and they are now deposited in the British Mu-
seum. His Lordship was a true lover of his country, as his con-
duct in the senate manifested : and departing this life,0 aged
forty-two, at his house in Dover-street, on Tuesday, June 16th,
1741, was buried in Westminster Abbey. He left issue an only
daughter and heir, Lady Margaret-Cavendish Harley, married in
1734, to his Grace, William, second Duke of Portland, a lady
well known for her love of the arts, and her patronage of litera-
ture, who died July /th, 1785, leaving issue the present Duke of
Portland, &c.

Leaving no male issue by his Lady (who survived him till Dec.
8th, 175 5,p and lies buried with him), his honours devolved on
Edward Harley, Esq. then Knight of the shire for the county of
Hereford, son and heir of Edward Harley, of Eywood, in com.
Hereford, Esq. before mentioned, one of the Auditors of the Im-
prest, who was next brother to Robert, first earl of Oxford, and
Earl Mortimer, Lord High Treasurer of England, according to
the limitation of the patent.

0 Lady Mary W. Montague, speaking of his death, says, he refused all reme-
dies, till too late.

P Yet her friend, Lady Mary W. Montague, speaks of her as alive in a letter,
dated June ioth, 1757.

VOL. IV. O

C2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The said Edward Harley, who thus succeeded as third
E\rl of Oxford,, and Earl Mortimer, &c. served as one of
the Knights in parliament for the county of Hereford, from the
first parliament called in 1727, by the late King, inclusive, until
he became intitled to a seat in the house of Peers. ' In 1/46, his
Lordship was elected High-lteward of the city of Hereford, in
the room of Henry Duke of Beaufort, deceased : and on April
12th, 17^8, was, in convocation, presented, by the University of
Oxford, with the degree of Doctor of the Civil Law. His Lord-
ship, in March 1725, wedded Martha, eldest daughter of John
Morgan, of Tredegar, in Monmouthshire^ Esq. and sister to the
late Sir William Morgan, Knight of the Bath; and by her Lady-
ship, who departed this life, Jan. 4th, 1774, and was buried at
Brampton Bryan, in Herefordshire, had issue five sons, 1. Ed-
ward the late Earl of Oxford, &c. ■ ■ - ■

2. The honourable Robert Harley, who was born on Septem-
ber 10th, 1727, and died a bachelor, at Bath, <on; Jan. T2th, 1760,
and was buried at Brampton Bryan.

3. The honourable and rev. John Harley, who was born on
Sept. 29th, I728, and appointed Dean of Windsor in Jan. 1778;
and Bishop of Hereford, 1787. He was also Rector of Mary-le-
bone, Middlesex, and Presteign, in Radnorshire ; and died, Jan.
7th, 1788. He married, February 23d, 1770, Roach, daughter
and heir of Gwynne Vaughan, of Trebarry, com. Radnor, Esq.
by whom he had two sons; Edward, born in Harley-street, Lon-
don, Feb. 20th, 1773, now Earl of Oxford; and John, born in
Harley-street, Dec. 31st, 1774; also two daughters, Frances and
Martha.

4. _The lion. Thomas Harley, Esq. the fourth son, before-men-
tioned, of Edward, third Earl of Oxford, was born on August
24th, 1730 ; and on March 15th, 1752, married Anne, daughter
of Edward Bangham, Esq. Deputy Auditor of the Imprests, and
member for Leominster, in 1710. By this Lady, who died Jan.
15th, 1798> agea* sixty- six, he had two sons, and five daughters;
viz. Thomas, who died on Jan. 17th, 1763; 2. Edward, who
died July 11th, 1768; 3. Henrietta, who died on July 4th, 1759;
4. Martha, married by special licence, at St. Mary-le-bone, Mid-
dlesex, Dec. 30th, 1779, to George Drummond, of Stanmore, in
Middlesex, Esq. and died in Aug. 1788, as did Mr. Drummond,
in March J 789, leaving issue. 5. Anne, born March 13th, 1759,
married, April 10th, 178I, George, second Lord Rodney, who
died 1802, and by whom she had issue the present Lord Rodney,

EARL OF OXFORD, AND EARL MORTIMER. 83

&c. 6. Sarah, born Oct. 19th, 1760, married, July 178I, Ro-
bert, ninth Earl of Kinnoul, who died 1804, and by whom she
had issue the present Earl of Kinnoul, &c. J. -Elizabeth, born
in April J 763, married, Oct. 8th, 1783, David Murray, Esq. bro-
ther to the present Lord Elibank :. he died May 7th, 1794, leaving
issue by her. 8. Margaret, born July 4th, 1765, married, Feb.
26th, 1784, Sir John Boyd, Bart.

At the general election, in April 1761, being an eminent mer-
chant, he was chofen one of the four citizens of London, to the 12th
parliament of Great Britain; and again in 1768: and on May
5th, 1761, was elected Alderman of Portsoken-ward, in the. city
of London. On June 33d, he was chosen one of the Sheriffs of
London and Middlesex ; and having been sworn in at Guildhall,
on Sept. 26th, following, was sworn at the Exchequer on the
29th, when he entered into his office, which he discharged wiLh
spirit and integrity. In 1/68, he served the high office of Lord
Mayor of the said city; and in 1776, was chosen Knight of the
Shire for Hereford, which county he continued to represent till
his death. He was alfo one of his Majesty's most honourable Privy
Council He was one of the Governors of the London Lying-in
Hospital in Aldersgate- street, of which he was elected Treasurer
in 1762, and President in 1764. He died Dec. 1st, 1804.

5. The hon. and rev. William Harley, who was born on May
30th, 1733, was Vicar of Uffington, in Berkshire, Rect©r of Ever-
ley, in Wiltshire, and Prebendary of Worcester, died July 8th,
1769, and was buried at Brampton Bryan.

This Earl of Oxford had also, by the same Lady, two daugh-
ters; viz. Lady Sarah, who died unmarried, on April 29th, 1737*
in the lixth year of her age, and is buried at St. Mary-le-bone,
near London ; and Lady Martha, who was born on Nov. 28th,
1736, and married, on April 20th, 1764, to Charles Milborne, of
the Priory, near Abergavenny, in the county of Monmouth, Esq.

The Earl of Oxford died at Bath, on April 11th, 1755, having,
through the whole course of his years, behaved with great honour
and integrity, in public as well as private life. He was succeeded
by his eldest son, ,

Edward, Lord Harley, the fourth Earl of Oxford, &c.
who was born on Sept. 2d, 1726, and on July 15th, 1747* was
elected to the 10th parliament of Great Britain, one of the Kmghts
for the county of Hereford, for which he was also returned to the
next parliament, which first met on business, May 31st, 1/54,
and sat till his father's death. On April 12th, 1748, he had the

84 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

degree of Doctor of the Civil Law conferred on him, in conroca-
tion of the University of Oxford. Soon after the accession of the
present King, he was made one of the Lords of the bed-chamber j
and was also Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the Coun-
ties of Hereford and Radnor ; a Fellow of the Royal Society, and
one of the Trustees of the British Museum, and LL.D.

His Lordship married, on July 11th, Susannah, eldest daughter
of William Archer, of Welford, in Berkshire, Esq. who repre-
sented that county in the parliament of Great Britain, with great
honour and fidelity, until he died, on June 30th, 1739, aged fifty-
nine 5 but had no issue by her Ladyship j who died Nov. 10th,
1804. His Lordship dying October 8th, J790, was succeeded by
his nephew, the eldest son of his brother John, Bishop of Here-
ford, viz.

Edward, present and fifth Earl op Oxford, &c. who mar-
ried, Mar. 3d, 1794, Miss Scott, daughter of the late rev. James
Scott, A.M. Rector of Stokin, near Southampton, by whom he
has issue ;

1. A daughter, born Mar. 9th, 1796.

2. Lord Harley, his son and heir, born Jan. 10th, 1800.

3. A daughter, born Dec. 12th, 1801.

Titles.] Edward Harley, Earl of Oxford, and Earl Mortimer,
and Baron Harley, of Wigmore.

Creations.'] Baron Harley, of Wigmore, in com. Hereford,
Earl Mortimer (the name of a family), and Earl of the city of
Oxford, May 24th, 1711, 10 Queen Anne.

Arms.'] Or, a Bend cotised Sable.

Crest.] On a Wreath, a Castle, Argent, Triple-towered, with
a Demi-lion rampant, Gules, issuing out of the battlements of the
middle tower.

Supporters.] Two Angels, proper, habited in long Robes, their
Hair and Wings, Or.

MottO.] VlRTUTE ET FlDE.

Chief Seat.'] Eywood House, in the county of Hereford.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS.

25

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS.

The truly ancient and honourable family of Shirley, has had
the good fortune to have been illustrated by a history of them,
compiled by an eminent member of their own house. Sir Thomas
Shirley , Knt. of Botolph's Bridge, in Huntingdonshire, younger
son of Sir George Shirley, the first Baronet, composed three dis-
tinct MSS. histories of the Shirleys, all of which are preserved
in the British Museum.a

* My indefatigable friend, Mr. Nichols, in his History of Leicestershire,Vol.III.
p. 704, et seq. has furnished me with the copious materials, which will render it
necessary almost to re-compile this article. From thence the titles of the above
MSS. are here cited.

11 Shirleorum, Warwicensis et Darbiensis familiae quam antiquissimae, genuina
Prosapiaj a quodam Sewallo, viro perillustri, prospero ac felici successu, inter-
rupta etiamnum serie continuata ; ac longe aliter quam hactenus unquam deli-
neata: Unde Henricus Shirley de Eitington, Shirley, Staunton-Harold, &c. in
Warwici, Darbiae, et Leicestriae ditionibus, inclytus Baronettus suorumque Majo-
rum Genealogiis honoratissimus,'perenni masculorurn successione recte derivatur ;
necnon et Thomas Shirley de Botulphbridge, in Comitatu Huntingdoniae Miles,
Philarchismus $ qui pio erga majores affectu ductus, eorum propagations, cum
suis conjugiorum copulis, armisque gentilitiis ex publicis regni archivis, et pri-
vates ejusdem familiae evidentiis, ecclesus, monumentis historicis, monaste-
iriorum registris, et rotulis armorum vetustissimis, aliisque rebus reverendae anti-
quitatis, et indubitatae veritatis, maximolabore ac fide oculatadeprompsit, atque ad
perpetuam rei memoriam, seriatim hoc crdine describi curavit. Quibus ad latera
diversorum magnatum virorumque clarissimorum adjunguntur stemmata ; quo-
rum accessione plurimorum huic familiae honoris tarn in armorum delationibus,
quern etiam ex census et praediorum incremento, faeminarum haeredum jure ob-
venisse ostenditur." Harl. MS.S. 4028.

The second History is entitled, " Genealogica Historia Domus de Shirley, Do-
minorum de Etingdon, Shirley, Hoga, Ednesonor, Staunton-Harald, Ragdal,

86 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

" This renowned family of Shirley (says Sir Thomas), hath
produced so long a succession of noble personages, who have so
admirably conjoined the practice of most excellent virtues and
nobleness of blood with so great perfection, that their heroic ac-
tions, by the complete union of these two rare qualities, h^ve far
surmounted the lustre of their birth ; for by their piety and me-
rits, they have acquired all the prerogatives of honour and glory,
which may raise a house to height of splendour, and engrave
the memory of its name within the eternity of ages. But for the
principles, there are seven most remarkable ; so eminent, so rare,
and singular, that they are to be found in few other families.
One is, the nobleness and antiquity of blood, which hath passed
for seven entire ages, being assured, by most renowned recorders,
worthy to be believed, that the first ancestors of this house have
had the reputation and honour of a most ancient Saxon line, flou-
rishing in opulence and dignity long before the Norman conquest}
and since the happy times of the glorious King, and most beloved
servant of the King of Kings, blessed St. Edward the Confessor,
it justifies itself to have continued prosperously, from male to
male, unto this present, by a continual uninterrupted succession
of many renowned persons, whose actions have been most famous,
and truly worthy of a history. The second mark of ornament,
which shines most resplendently in the house, is, that they have
contracted all their marriages with the ancient and most illus-
trious houses in England. In the third place, the renown of this
family hath been marvellously increased, by the prowess, memo-
rable acts, and high attempts of the descendants, who have always
appeared in the first ranks in all places where fortitude and glo-
rious military virtue might make itself admired. The fourth
advantage of glory, which so highly raiseth the fame of this
house, is the great devotion and singular fidelity it hath always

Braylesford, Astwel, et plurimorum aliorum locorum chartis publicis diversarum
ecclesiarum, authenticis aliisque solidis certisque probationibus confirmata, variis
iconibus, et discurs'bus antiquitatem redolentibus ornata. Per Thomastos Calo-
Jeimon Philopatron." Harl. MSS. 4023.

The third History is, " The Genea!o/icke Historie of the House of Shirleys,
Lords of Etingdcn, Shirley, Hoga, Ednesouer, Staunton-Harald, Ragdale, Bray-
lesforde, Astwell, and divers other p-aces. Justified by Charters of divers
Churches, publike Recordes of the Kingdome, private Evidences, and other
good and certain Proofs. Enriched with divers Figures, and Discourses of Anti-
quity. By Thomaston Caloleimon, Philopatron." Harl. MSS. 4928. This is
principally a translation of the last article, though considerable variations and ad-
ditions are to be found in each.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 8;

borne to their sovereign Princes. The fifth prerogative is most
commendable, in their bright and renowned alliances j having
the honour to be joined in a near degree of propinquity of blood
with the royal stem of England, both Saxon and Norman -, as
likewise to those of France, Scotland, Denmark, Arragon, Leon,
Castile, the Sacred Roman Empire, and almost to all the princely
Houses of Christendom j and within their own kingdom, to the
most honourable and princely Houses of the Barons of Berkeley,
Dukes of Norfolk and Buckingham, Earls of Arundel, Ox-
ford, Northumberland, Shrewsbury, Kent, Derby, Worcester,
Huntingdon, Pembroke, Nottingham, Suffolk, Berkshire, and
to most of the ancient, famous, and flourishing families of the
nobility and gentry of the monarchy; insomuch that they that
remain of this House at this present time, have the honour to
have issued from the blood of many Emperors, Kings, Princes,
Dukes, and most renowned Earls. In the sixth place, the great
lands and seigniories, which they, from all antiquity, have held,
hath given no small addition of honour to the house ; for they
have possessed the manors of Etingdon, Newton Regis, Shirley-
Street, Thorinton in Warwickshire; Shirley, Branzinton, Hoone,
Croxhall, Hatun, Eveley, Bradley, Sturston, Beardshall, Wron-
cele, Etwall, Yolgrave, Hopwell, Ylchesley, Ednesover, Irton,
Hope, Braylesford, in Derbyshire j Sutton Bunnington, in Not-
tinghamshire ; Ragdale, Willowes, RadclifFe super Wreke, Bar-
row super Soram, Staunton-Harold, Dunton, Long Wot ton, Bur-
ton Overey, in Leicestershire j Hanbrooke, in Gloucestershire ;
Great Chellworth, in Wiltshire ; and divers other ample and fair
manors, which have gone out of the House, either by younger
sons, their daughters, and heirs 5 or by alienations. Lastly, holy
piety is one of the particular eminences, which rendered the family
of Shirley most remarkable among others, they having so reli-
giously maintained this virtue, that all of them, for the most part,
have exercised an ardent and unextinguishable charity towards
the advancement of the service of God; and a singular liberality
towards the Church, shewing the zeal of their devotion, by the
enrichment of a great number of Abbeys, Priories, Convents,
Collegiate Churches, Chantries, and other places of devotion,
which they had founded, built, re-edified, or endowed^ with their
means and revenue, in divers places in this realm.

They derive their descent from Sasuallg or Sewallus de
Etingdon, whose name (says Dugdale, in his Antiquities of War-
wickshire), argue* him to be of the old English stock ; which Se«

88 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wallis resided at Nether-Etingdon, in com. Warwick, about the
reign of king Edward the Confessor : which place had been the
seat of his ancestors, as there is reason to believe, for many gene-
rations before. After the Conquest, the lordship of Etingdon was
given to Henry Earl of Ferrars, in Normandy, who was one of
the principal adventurers with the Norman Duke William, and
was held under him by this Sewallus j to whose posterity, in the
male line, it has continued to the present reign, the lateb hon.
George Shirley, who died 1797* having been owner thereof j
which circumstance is mentioned by Dugdale, who says, in his
Warwickshire, that Etingdon is the only place in the county,
which could glory in an uninterrupted succession of its owners
for so long a tract of time} and it is now more than a century
since Dugdale wrote. This Sewallus de Etingdon founded and
endowed the church of Nether-Etingdon. That he was an emi-
nent man, is obvious from his large possessions in the counties of
Warwick, Lincoln, Northampton, and Derby, in the time of the
Conqueror » few being allowed at that change to enjoy more than
a part of their estates, and even obliged to hold that by military
and other services, from their new lords. Therefore if we may
guess of his authority by the extent of his estate, which amounted
to seventeen hides of land in this place only, he must have been
no less than a Thane c in the time of the Saxons j which was the
same degree of honour among them, as a Baron, or Peer of Eng-
land after the Norman Conquest j for as the learned Selden ob-
serves, not little more than five hides of land was an estate for
some who were so dignified. He died about 1085. It appears
by Kenilworth Register, that he built and endowed the church of
Etingdon.

Fulcher, his only child, succeeded him; and died about
1105, leaving issue, 1. Sewallus. 2. Henry, from whom the
Shirleys of Ireton, Co. Derby, who took the name of Ireton.
3. Fulcher, twice married, but died S. P. 4. Nicholas. 5. Ro-
bert.

Sewallus died about 1129j leaving by his first wife, Matilda,
daughter of Ridel, of Halaughton, Co. Derb. 1. Henry. 2. Ful-

b The hon. George Shirley, younger son of the first earl Ferrers, by his second
wife Anne Finch, born 1705, and a Captain in the First Regiment of Foot
Guards, died October zzd, 1787, aged eighty-two ; and has a sumptuous monu-
ment at Etingdon.

c Nichols supposes him to have been Tbanus Mediocrit j a lord of the Manor,
or lesser Baron.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 89

chcr,d who held four Knights fees ; but died S. P. 3. Hugh, a
priest. 4. Ralph. 5. Richard. Having translated his seat from
Etingdon to Shirley, in Derbyshire, he was the first of that family
that called himself de Shirley.

Henry, eldest son, held five Knights fees in Derbyshire,
of Robert de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, and died about 1165. He
gave the lordship of Ivanbrook to the Monks of Bildewas ; and
was a witness to the foundation Charter of Merevalle Abbey.
He left issue by Joanna, daughter and heir of John de Clinton/
ofEffex,

Sewallis, his son and heir, who, in 1\67> acknowledged
himself to hold of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, those nine
Knights fees which Henry, his father, and his uncle, some time
held of Earl Robert, grandfather to the said Earl. f He married
Isabel, daughter and coheir of Robert Meynell, of Langley Mey-
nell, Co. Derb. by whom he had a daughter, Elizabeth, wife of
John de Walton, son of Simon Bishop of Norwich : and a son
and heir,

Sir James de Shirley, who was a Knight, and had freewar-
ren granted to him in all his demesnes at Shirley in 1247, and a*
Etingdon in 1255. He married Agnes de Walton, daughter of
Simon de Walton, Bishop of Norwich, and had issue by her Sir
Ralph, his successor.^ He died about 1278.

Which Sir Ralph de Shirley, in 7 Edw. I. held the manor of
Eatendon11 aforesaid, in com. Warwick, of Edmund Earl of Lan-
caster, the King's brother, by the service of two Knights fees. In
9 Edw. I. he was of full age. In 28 Edw. I he had the custody
of the counties of Salop and Stafford, with the castle of Shrews-
bury, committed to his charge ; and was Sheriff of the counties*
of Derby and Nottingham, in the 27th, 28th, and 30th of Edw. I.
In 1301, he was summoned to attend the King at Berwick upon
Tweed, on Midsummer-day, well-appointed with horse and arms,
to march against the Scots. In 3 Edward II. he was constituted

d Of Ednesour, co. Derb.
c Ever since the marriage with the heiress of Clinton, the family have taken
her arms} viz. Paly of six, Or, and Arg. a quarter of Bretaigny j the family of
Clinton, being allied to the Dukes of Bretaigny.

f See Lib. Nig. Scacc. under Derbyshire,
g Nichols gives also three younger sons ; James, Simon, and Henry, a priest,
parson of St. George, co. Norf.

h He held also the manor of Barnbam, co. SufF. near Thetford, by gift of his
grandfather, Bishop Simon Walton*

go PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

one of the Justices in the county of Warwick for the gaol-deli-
very ; and 5 Edvv II. served in two parliaments, held that year,
as a representative for that county. In 6 Edward II. he was dis-
charged from the office of Coroner, on account of his ill state of
health ; but in 8 Edw. II. he was Governor of Horiston-castle,
in com. Derb. and in 16 Edw. II. a Commissioner for levying a
fifteenth in com. Warw. The next year he was in the list of those
Knights and men at arms, whose names were then certified in
the Chancery.

He married Margaret, daughter, and one of the coheirs of
Walter de Waldeshief, of Fairfield, co. Derby, cupbearer to Ed-
ward II. and dying in 1327, 20 Edward II. left issue

Thomas,15 his son and heir, said to be " the great founder of
the family of the Shirleys, famous in his time for his valour, and
for the many services, &c. rendered to the Kings of England
against the French." A Commissioner for assessing and collecting
a fifteenth and tenth, granted in 11 Edw. III. and in the 12th,
appointed to collect the scutage due to the king for the Scotch
expedition. In 14 Edw. III. he served as one of the Knights in
parliament for the county of Warwick. This Sir Thomas Shirley
died1 in 36 Edw. II. 1362.

He married Isabel, daughter of Ralph, son and heir of Ralph
Lord Basset, of Drayion, and sister and sole heir to her brother
Ralph, the last Lord Basset of that line, who died 13 Richard II.
without issue j having by deed, dated Jan. 26th, 13 Richard II.
named Sir Hugh Shirley, son of this Sir Thomas, by his sister
Isabel, to be his nephew and right heir: thereby leaving him heir
to his whole inheritance, on condition that he assumed his sur-
name of Basset, and his arms, leaving his own $ but should he
refuse to comply with that condition, then the whole estate to go
to the earl of Stafford, on the same terms, who was descended
from Margaret Basset, great aunt to the said Lord Basset ; and
should that Earl refuse to comply with the above condition, then
the estates to go to the other relations mentioned in the will 5 but
expressly on condition that they assumed the name and arms of

i Dugdale's Antiq. of Warwicksh. p. 466.

k Nichols mentions an elder brother, Ralph de Shirley, by a former wife, wh»
Jied S. P.

1 He was noted also for the liberal donations of lands and rents by himself an*
his wife, to the College of St. Mary, at the Newark, in Leicester, &c.

«« He and his Lady were interred in the Chapel of the Duke of Lancaster's Col-
lege, called Newark. See Nichols, I, 399. III. 708.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. gl

Basset." But neither Sir Hugh Shirley, nor the Earl of Stafford,
complied with the conditions of the will, but contended for the
estate j which dispute was not finally settled till the reign of
Henry VI. when the estates of the Barons Basset of Drayton,
were divided between them. Colston Basset, in com. Nott. &c.

n This marriage with the heiress of Lord Bassst, of Drayton, deserves some
remarks. The Lady's legitimacy has latterly been doubted, in defiance of what
seems decisive proof, for reasons which appear extremely weak, or rather no rea-
sons at all. There is at least equal want of skill and good sense, and certainly a
much baser motive, in ill-placed scepticism with regard to points of pedigree, as
in too much credulity. It is to be lamented, that the world too often confounds
the effects of a carping, snarling temper with knowledge, as they do with wit.
A man, who has characterized himself by this quality in his professional practice
in this line, more than twenty years ago informed me of this objection in the
Shirley pedigree; and complained, that the noble Marquis, who is heir to the
blood and barony of Basset through this descent, had taken offence at his sug-
gestion. Surely his Lordship had good reason to be offended at objections, which
appear to have nothing but their ill-nature and empty conceit to countenance
them. The only colour for the aspersion, which I have met with, is an inquisi-
tion mentioned by Dugdale, in which Thomas Earl of Stafford was found to be
cousin and next heir of Ralph last Lord Basset, of Drayton; viz. grandson of
Margaret, sister to Ralph Lord Basset, his grandfather. But every profound and
properly qualified Genealogist knows, that Inquisitions will perpetually mislead if
superficially examined ; and in the present instance, the very next column of
Dugdale would have suggested a s:iution of the difficulty. The heirs frequently
pointed out by Inqaisitions (which are taken for the purpose of shewing who are
entitled to the estates of the deceased), are heirs of entail, and not heirs of blood.
And this was obviously tfee case in the Baffet inquisition. Ralph Lord Basset, the.
grandfather, in conjunction with Ralph, his grandson and heir apparent, in the
reign of Edward III. settled by fine, several of his manors to himself for life,
remainder to Ralph, the grandson, and the heirs of his body ; remainder to the
heirs male of the body of Ralph, the grandfather ; and for want of such issue, to
Ralph de Stafford for life, with divers other remainders of the line of Stafford,
&c. This entail will at once account for the inquisition ; which finds Thomas
Earl of Stafford, and not Sir Hugh Shirley (or rather his mother, Isabel, if she
was living), to be his heir. Lord Basset, by his will, dated in 1389 (of which a
copy is to be found in Hail. MSS. 4928, p. 218), entailed the lordships of Rake-
dale, Willowes, Radcliffe upon Wreke, Dunton, and Whatton, co. Leicester j
Ratcliff upon Sear, Thrumpton, and Colston Basset, co. Notts ; and East-hall,
and West-hall \u Sheildon, co. Warw. and Wore, on Sir Hugh Shirley, and the
heirs male of his body, on condition he should bear the name and arms of Basset,
&c. as already mentioned. Ralph, last Lord Basset, who died 1390, married
Joan, sister to John Duke of Bretainy ; his father, Ralph, who died vita patris
1323, married Alice, daughter of Nicholas Lord Audky ; and his grandfather,
Ralph, who died 1343, married Joan, daughter of Thomas Bcauchamp, Earl of4
Warwick.

Q2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

being allotted to Shirley j and Drayton Basset, com. Staff. &c. to
Stafford. His widow remarried Sir Gerard Braybroke, Knt.

But to return : Hugh Shirley, son and heir of Sir Thomas, by
Isabel Basset, succeeded his father j and was, as before mentioned,
by the will of the late Lord Basset his uncle, acknowledged by
him to be his nephew and right heir j in 7 Rich II. he confirmed
the manors of Shirley and Hoone, in com. Derby, and that of
Etingdon, in com. Warwick, to his mother Isabel, then the wife
of Sir Gerard Braybroke, Knt. these manors having been assigned
to be for her dower by Sir Thomas Shirley, his father. This Sir
Hugh was made Chief Warden of Higham Ferrers Park, by John
of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster ; and in 22 Rich. II. constituted
Constable of Donnington-Castle, by Henry of Bolingbroke, Duke
of Lancaster, afterward King Henry IV. On March 2/th, 1400,
being then a Knight, he was made Grand Falconer to King
Henry IV. for the Kingdom of Ireland. He was killed at the
battle of Shrewsbury,0 on the part of King Henry IV. being one
of those who was habited as the King, and taken for him by the
opposite party. By Beatrix his wife, sister and heir to John de
Braose, or de Breus, of West-Neston (now called Wiston), in
Sussex, heir male of the ancient family of that name, Barons of
Brember, in Sussex, and of Brecknock, Abergavenny, and Gower,
in Wales, he had issue three daughters j Isabel, wife of Sir John
Cokayne, of Ashbourne j Elizabeth \ and Nichola ; also

Ralph, his son and heir, then twelve years of age -} who, in
5 Henry V. was retained to serve that King in person in his army
in Guyen, with six men at arms, and eighteen archers -, and the
next year, with eight men at arms, and sixteen archers, and was
about that time knighted 5 for in 8 Henry V. being then Sheriff
of the counties of Nottingham and Derby, he was then styled a
Knight. He was one of the chief Commanders under King
Henry V. at the battle of Agincourt, as appears by an ancient
Roll in the office of Arms j and was often a great actor in the
subsequent Wars of the said King Henry V. in France ; as is evi-
dently proved by diverse instruments of accord made between
the said King and Sir Ralph Shirley j in one of which, dated
1416, after agreement had for the number and pay of his soldiers,
&c. the King granted to him all the prisoners that he or his sol-
diers should take, only reserving to himself, the French King, his

0 • The Spirits of valiant Shirley, Stafford, Blount, are in my arms." Prin$e
•J Wales 's Speech in Shakespeare's Henry IF.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 93

adversary; the Dauphin, his son ; and all other Kings, his adver-
sary's assistants, giving to him only the third part of the ransom
of the captive Kings, by him or his soldiers taken. To this Sir
Ralph, the feoffees of Ralph Lord Basset, released all their right
to the estates he claimed as heir to that Barony. In 1432, he
resided at Radcliffe upon Soar j and died at his government
and charge in France, about 1443. His body was brought to
England, and buried in the Collegiate Church of the Newark, at
Leicester. His second wife was Alice, daughter of Sir John Co-
kayne, Knt. who died 1466, without issue.

By his first wife, Joan, daughter and heir of Thomas Basset, of
Brailsford, co. Derb. he had a daughter, Beatrix, wife of John
Brome, of Badesley Clinton, co. Warw. and

Ralph, who was Constable of Mel bourn Castle, and of the
castle in the Peak of Derbyshire : and died in 1466, " seised of
many goodly manors, fair possessions, and large territories in the
several counties of Leicester, Derby, Warwick, and Nottingham/*
He was buried in the church of Brailesford, where his tomb still
remains.

His first wife was Margaret, daughter and sole heir of John de
Staunton, of Staunton Harald, in Leicestershire (whereby he ob-
tained that estate, still the chief seat of the family), by Joan,
daughter and coheir of Sir Ralph Meynell, of Langley Meynell
(with which family a former match of Shirley has been already,
mentioned). By this marriage he had issue John, his son and heir,
hereafter mentioned.

His second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Blount,
Knt. and sister to Walter Blount, Lord Montjoyj by whom he
had Ralph Shirley, Esquire of the Body to King Henry VII. an-
cestor to the Shirleys of Wiston, of Sussex j of whom an account
will be given in an accompanying note, this branch having been
of considerable eminence.?

His third wife was Lucia, daughter of Sir John Aston, of

P Ralph Shirley, by his second wife, Elizabeth Blount, sister to Walter Lord
Mountjoy, had issue Sir Ralph Shirley, of Wiston, who, by Jane, daughter of
Thomas Bellingham, of Lymster, in Sussex, Esq. had four daughters ; Jane,
wife of John Dawtrey, of Petworth, in Sussex j Elizabeth, wife of John Lee, of
Fitleworth, co. Sussex; Beatrix, wife of Edward Eldrington, of Hoggeston, and
afterwards of Sir Edward Bray, of Vachery, Surrey, died 1582 ; and Isabel, wife
of John Dawtrey, of Hampton ; also, I. Sir Richard, a. Thomas Shirley, of
West Grinsted, who died 1606; leaving by Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of
Marmaduke Gorges, of Gloucestershire, Cecilie, daughter and coheir, set. 19, 1606,
wife of Sir George Snelling, of Postlade, Sussex.

94 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Atherton, Knt, widow, first, of Sir John Byron, of Clayton and
Colwich j and, secondly, of Sir Barton Entwissel, Knt. Viscount
of Brykbeke, in Normandy. She died in Feb. 1481 ; and lies
buried at Braylesford.

John, son and heir, married Eleanor, daughter of Sir Hugh
Willoughby of Wollaton, co. Notts, and dying 1485, left issue,

Ralph, twenty-six years old, who, for his valour in the battle
of Stoke, in com. Nott. June l6th, 1487* was made a Banneret >
to which battle ^he brought forces to the King's aid, when the
Earl of Lincoln was slain. In 7 Henry VII. he was retained to
serve the King in his wars beyond sea for one year j and died on
Jan. 6th, 1510-7, at his manor house of Staunton-Haroldj and
was interred in Geronden Abbey. By his last will and testament/
which bears date four days before his death, writing himself Sir
Rauf Shirley, of Staunton-Harold, in com. Leic. Knt. he orders
his body to be buried at the discretion of his executors. He be-
queaths to Jane his wife, his manors of Shirley and Brailesford,
with the lands, rents, and services, as also other lands, in full of
her jointure and dower, for term of her life ; and his manor of
Barnham, to the monastery of Geronden, for the term of fifty years*

Sir Ralph, the eldest son by his second wife, daughter of Sir Richard Gitilde-
forde, had four daughters ; but by his first wife, Anne, daughter of John Shel-
ley, of Michelgrove, he had Elizabeth, wife of John Michell, of Staunton j Anne,
wife of Richard Fernwold ; Cecely, married to John Leedes } Alice, married to
Thomas Chandler, of Lyndfield. John ; Edward ; and

William Shirly, of Wiston, son and heir, who died May 29th, 1551 j leaving
by Mary, daughter of Thomas Isley, Esq. of Sundridge, Kent, Anthony Shirley,
a younger son, of Preston, in Sussex j whose great grandson, Sir Anthony, was
created a Baronet, 166^ (and left a granddaughter, Anne, married to Robert
Western, of London, merchant), and

Sir Thomas Shirley, of Wiston, son and heir, Treasurer for the Wars in the
Low Countries, from which he was removed 1597. {See Birch1 's Elizabeth, 1. 455,
and Sydney Papers, JT/.zS, 31, 33.) By Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas Kempe, he
left issue several daughters, and three sons ;

1. Sir Thomas.

2. Sir Anthony, born 1563 ; a great traveller, died in Spain about 1636. Sea
Fuller's Worthies, Sussex, 107. Hakluyt, Purchas, &c.

3. Sir Robert, equally famous with his brother. See a whole-length print of
him in Harding's Cabinet, &c. &c. He married Teresia, a relation of the great
Sophy.

Sir Thomas married Frances, sister ©f Sir Thomas Vavasor, Knt. and left issue

Sir Thomas Shirley, M. D. who suffered much for his loyalty, and had the

estate at Wiston torn from him by Sir John Fagg, Bart. Sec Topogr, IV. 335,

336«

1 Polyd. Virgil, p. 573, No. 20. c Ex Regist Ayloff. q. 1.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 95

Jt also appears by his will, that he had five brothers; and that
he was possessed of the manors of Staunton -Harold, Rakedale,
and Willowes, Burton, Long-Whatton, Ratclyff, Dunton, Ester-
leyke, Sutton-Bonyngton, and Newton-Regis ; he bequeaths all
his household furniture, plate, &c. to his wife and his son Francis,
to be divided equally between them; and ordains executors, his
cousin, Sir Richard Sackvil (to whom he bequeaths a cross of
gold, hanging at his chain) : his brother, Robert Hasylryg (hus-
band to Elizabeth, his sister) j Sir James Smith, his priest ; and
Thomas Herbert.

He married four wives/ but had no issue by his first and third;
and by his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and coheir to Thomas
Walsh, of Wanlip, in Leicestershire, had only a daughter, Anne,
heir to her mother, married to Sir Thomas Pultney, of Misterton,
in com. Lcic. Knt. ancestor to the late Earl of Bath. By his last
wife, Jane, daughter to Sir Robert Sheffield, Knt. ancestor to the
late Duke of Buckingham, he had Francis, his son and heir, be-
fore mentioned.

Which Francis was * Sheriff of the counties of Warwick and
Leicester, in 4 Philip and Mary; and having lived u to an ad-
vanced age, famous for his charity and hospitality, died on July
2/th, 1571 , and was buried in the church of Breedon on the Hill,
in Leicestershire, where a monument was erected to the memory
of him, and Dorothy his wife, who survived him but a short
time; as appears by her last will and testament,* bearing date
August 9th, 15/1, and the probate thereof May lOth following.
She was daughter of Sir John Giffbrd, of Chillington, in Stafford-*
shire, Knt. and married to her first husband, John Congreve,
Esq; but had issue by the said Francis Shirley, three sons ; John
Shirley, Esq. hereafter mentioned; Edward, who died young;
and Ralph : also three daughters ; Cassandra, married to Walter
Powtrell, of West-Hallum, in com. Derb. Esq. ; Elizabeth, to
Thomas Cotton, of Conington, in Huntingdonshire, Esq. father
by her to the famous Sir Robert Cotton, Knt. and Bart, the great
collector of the records now reposited in the British Museum; and
Anne, to John Brook, of Madeley, in Shropshire, esq. „

John Shirley, eldest son and heir apparent, died A. D. 1570, in

• His second wife was Anne, daughter of Sir Henry Vernon, of Haddon, whom
he married 1496 ; and his third, Anne, daughter of Thomas Warner, Esq.
t Fuller's Worthies. u Ex inscript. tumul.

* Ex R-g^st. Daper. qu. i6\ Collect, T. Mdler, Gent.

9<5 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the lifetime of his father ; and was buried in the church of Bree-
don beforementioned, where a monument is erected to his me-
mory j reciting, that he married Jane, sole daughter and heir of
Thomas Lovett, of Astwell, com. Northampton, Esq. and that by
her he had five sons, and three daughters. 1. George. 2. Ralph,
intended for the church, but died without taking orders. 3. John,
died of a wound received in France, in the service of the King of
Spain. 4. Thomas Shirley, of Gray's Inn, died S. P. Dorothy,
wife of James Dyer, Esq.j Elizabeth, a nun at Lovainj and Anne
died unmarried.

George Shirley, Esq. (eldest son and heir of the said John)
succeeded his grandfather in his estate, and was created a Baro-
net y on May 22d, l6l 1, on the first erection of that dignity, being
the fourth in order of precedency. He married Frances, daughter
to Henry Lord Berkeley, ancestor to the present Earl of Berkeley,
by Katherine, daughter of the famous Henry Howard, Earl of
Surrey, son and heir of Thomas Duke of Norfolk, temp. Hen .VI II.
a lady,2 who to her noble descent, added many extraordinary vir-
tues j and dying in the thirty-first year of her age, on Dec. 29th,
1595, was buried in the church of Breedon, where a monument
is erected by her husband; who married, secondly, Dorothy,
daughter of Thomas Wroughton, of Wilcot, in com. Wilts, Esq.
and relict of Sir Henry Upton, of Farringdon, in com. Berks,
Knt. but by her had no issue.

He had by his first wife four sons, and one daughter, Mary,
who died unmarried. The two eldest sons, John and George,
died young :

Henry succeeded his father j

And Thomas, the youngest son,a who was seated at Botolph's-
bridge, com. Huntingdon, and received the honour of Knight-
hood at Whitehall, on May 22d, 1622 ; is characterized by Sir
William Dugdale,b to have been " a great lover of learning, and
especially affected to antiquities j in the study whereof he at-
tained to much knowledge, and thereby gave no small lustre to
his ancient and worthy family."0 He married dMary, daughter
to Thomas Harpur, of Chepnor, in Oxfordshire, Esq.

Sir George Shirley, Bart, departed this life at e Stanton Ha-

y Pat. 9. Jar. I. z Ex inscript tu'mul.

» Philpot's Cat. of Knights. b In Antiq. of Warw. p. 477.

c See the beginning of this article. d Ex Collect. T. Mellcr.

e Ex Collect. T. Mellcr.

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 97

rold, on April 27th, 1022, and was buried at Breedon. To him
succeeded his eldest surviving son and heir,

Sir Henry Shirley, Bart, (who was Sheriff of Leicester, the
last year of James I.): he married, in If3l5, Lady Dorothy, young-
est of the two daughters of that great but unfortunate favourite
to queen Elizabeth, Robert Earl of Essex, and sister and coheir
to her brother, Robert Earl of Essex, the famous General to the
Parliament. It is by this alliance, that the Earls Ferrers quarter
the arms of France and England with their own ; the Earl of
Essex being maternally descended from Richard Plantagenet, Earl
of Cambridge, grandson to King Edward III. and grandfather
to king Edward IV. and also from Thomas Plantagenet, Duke
of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III. Sir Henry Shirley
by the said Dorothy (who, in 1634, took for a second husband,
William Stafford, of Blatherwick, com. Northampton, Esq.) had
two sons, Charles and Robert : also one daughter, Lettice, mar-
ried to William Bourke, Earl of Clanrickard, in Iceland. By the
inquisition, taken at Leicester, April ]8th, 1 633/ it appears, that
he died on Feb. 8th, 1632, seised of the manors of Astwell, Fal-
cot, BUling-manor, alias GifTord's-manor; Brookes manor, alias
Mamsey-manor; also of the manors of Stanton-Harold, Syleby,
and Ragdale, with the impropriation, the manor of Willows and
rectory, all in Leicestershire} the manors of Etenton, Oxhill,
Fulridie, and Whatcoate, in Warwickshire ; the manors of Sut-
ton-Bonnynton, in Nottinghamshire} and the manors of Shirley,
and Bray-Jefford, in Derbyshire : all which devolved on his son
and heir, Sir Charles Shirley, Bart, aged nine years, on Sept. 9th,
1632

Which Sir Charles 8 dying unmarried, about the year 1646,
was succeeded in title and estate by

Sir Robert Shirley, Bart, his brother and heir. Which Sir
Robert, for his loyalty to Charles I. was imprisoned h in the
Tower of London by Oliver Cromwell, where he died ' during
his confinement, not without suspicion of poison, leaving issue,

{ Cole's Esc. lib. 3. n. 61. a. 14, p. J53, in Bibl, Harley.
Z Sir Charlfs had an early attachment to literature. Bancroft dedicates to
him his Two Books of Epigrams, 1639. He was a considerable sufferer by the
civil wars.

h See in Nichols a fac simile of a letter from Charles II, to his widow } and
a portrait of Sir Robert.

i " Whose singular praise it was to hjve done the bc§t things in the wor$f
times; tnd hoped them in the most calamitous,
VOL IV. . H

98 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

by Catharine his wife (whom he married about 1647), daughter
to Humphrey Okeover, of Okeover, in the county of Stafford,
Eaq. two sons, Seymour, his successor, and Robert, afterwards
Earl Ferrers.

Also two daughters : Catharine, married to Peter Venables, of
the county of Chester, Esq. commonly called Baron of Kinder-
ton j and Dorothy, to George Vernon, of Sudbury, in Derbyshire,
Esq.

Sir Seymour Shirley, Bart, marrying Diana, daughter of Ro-
bert Bruce, Earl of Aylesbury (who remarried John Lord Roos),
left issue an only son, who surviving his father but a short time,
the title of Baronet devolved on Robert, his uncle (youngest son
to Sir Robert Shirley, before mentioned), afterwards created Earl
Ferrers.

Which Sir Robert Shirley, Knt. first Earl Ferrers, was
born at East-Sheen, in Surrey, during his father's aforesaid con-
finement in the Tower j and on Dec. 14th, 1677, his majesty
King Charles II. taking into consideration, that this Sir Robert
Shirley, Bart, was grandson and heir unto Lady Dorothy Deve-
reux, the younger of the two sisters and heirs of Robert Devereux,
the last Earl of Essex of that family, and that the issue male of
the elder sister and coheir, the Lady Frances (who married Wil-
liam Seymour, Marquis of Hertford), was then clean extinct, was
pleased to confirm unto him and his heirs, the ancient Baronies
of Ferrars of Chartley, Bourchier, and Lovainej which honour
had been in abeyance between the ladies, Frances and Dorothy
Devereux, and their descendants, from the decease of their bro-
ther, the Earl of Essex, without issue. Sir Robert Shirley being
so declared Lord Ferrars of Chartley, &c. accordingly was
introduced into the house of Peers, Jan. 28th, 1 677-8, and took his
place according to the ancient writ of summons (to John de Fer-
rars his lineal ancestor), Feb. Gth, 2/th Edw. I. He was Master
of the Horse, and Steward of the household to Queen Catharine,
consort of King Charles II. and was sworn of the Privy-council
to King William, on May 25th, }6gg. In the reign of Queen
Anne, he was again sworn of the Privy-council, on Nov. 25th.,
1708, according to the act for the Union of the two kingdoms 5
and on Sept. 3d, 17H» was advanced to the titles of discount
Tamworth, and Earl Ferrers, by reason of his descent from
the ancient and noble family of Ferrers. His Lordship departed
this life on Dec. 25th, 1717, having had issue by his first wife,
Elizabeth., daughter and heir to Laurence Washington, of Ca-

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 99

resden, in Wiltshire, Esq. ten sons and seven daughters ; and
this lady dying on Oct. 2d, l6g3, was buried at Stanton-Harold;
whereupon he married to his second wife, in August, 1699, Se-
lina, daughter of George Finch, of the city of London, Esq. and
by her (who died on March 20th, 1762), had five sons, and as
many daughters j viz.

The Hon. Robert Shirley, Esq. born May 27th, 1700, who was
elected, on the accession of our late Sovereign, a member of par-
liament for the borough of Stamford, in Lincolnshire ; and died
unmarried in July, 1 738.

George, who died an infant, 1704.

Another George, born in 1705, of Lower-Etingdon, in War-
wickshire, a captain in the first Regiment of Foot -Guards, resided
at Twickenham, in Middk-sex ; and at Etendon, com. Warwick.
He married Mary, daughter of Humphrey Sturt, Esq. by whom
he had two sons and two daughters j George, married, first, Miss
Wood, who died in 1784, S.P. ; and, secondly, Miss Stanley;
he died March 15th, 1793, S.P.j Evelyn married Miss Frampton,
of Dorsetshire, and has issue; Selina married, 1785, Sir Thomas
George Skipwith, Bart, and is now living his widow; and Mar-
garet married, 1782, John Smith, Esq. of Comb-hay, near Bath.
Their father died, Oct. 22d, 1787, aged eighty-two; and was bu-
ried at Etendon ; and his widow died in 1799.

Sewallis, born in 1709, Comptroller of the household to Queen
Charlotte, member in the ninth and tenth parliaments for Brack-
ley, and in the eleventh for Callington, in Cornwall; he died Oc-
tober 31st, 1765, having k married Margaret Countess dowager
of Orford ; which lady, by the decease of Hugh Fortescue, Earl
of Clinton, S.P. inherited the Baronies of Clinton and Say, and
died 178], S.P.

John, born in 1712, and died Feb. 15th, 1768.

The five daughters were, the Lady Selina, married to Peter
Bathurst, of Clarendon-park, in Wiltshire, Esq. brother to Allan,
first Lord Bathurst, died Dec. 14th, 1777, having had five sons
and ten daughters ; the Lady Mary, to Charles Tryon, of Bull-
wick, in Northamptonshire, Esq. died May 17th, 1771 ; the Lady
Anne,1 on May 17th, 1729, to Sir Robert Furnese, of Walder-

k See the Rev. Mr. Keith's Register for May-Fair Chapel, now deposited in
the vestry of St. George's, Hanover-square.

1 Lady A. Furnese died ,6th Feb. 1779, having had a daughter, Selina, mo*
ther to the present Sir Edward Pering, Bart.

100 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

share, in Kent, Baronet, who died Mar. 14th, 1733, and she died
1779; Lady Frances died unmarried 1778,- and the Lady Steu-
arta, who died at Bath in Jan. 1/CJ8/1 unmarried.

The seven daughters by the first marriage were, the Ladies Eli-
zabeth and Catharine, who died in their infancies ; the Ladies,
Elizabeth, married to Walter Clarges, Esq. half-brother of Sir
Thomas Clarges, of Aston, in Hertfordshire, Bart. ; Anne Elea-
nora, born 1679, died 1754 ; and Catharine, who died unmarried
in October, 17365 Dorothy, born 1683, married to John Cotes,
son and heir of Charles Cotes, of Woodcot, Shropshire, Esq. and
had issue, Barbara, who died Nov. 7th, 1768, unmarried.

Likewise of the ten sons by the first marriage, Charles, Lewis,
George, Charles, Ferrers, and Walter, died unmarried 5 and only
three survived their father.

Washington, the second son ;

Henry, ninth son, successively Earls Ferrers.

And Laurence, tenth son, father of the three late Earls.

The rest all dying in their infancies, except Robert, the eldest
son, born on Sept. 4th, 1673.

Which Robert married, first, Catharine, daughter of Peter
Venables, Baron of Kinderton; and she deceasing in her nonage,
he married, secondly, September 27th, lQ6'8, Anne, daughter of
Sir Humphry Ferrers, of Tarn worth-castle, in Warwickshire, Knt.
and heir to her grandfather, John de Ferrers, of Tamworth-castle,
Esq. which John de Ferrers was the last heir male of the Barons
Ferrers of Groby. This Robert Shirley deceased before his father
was created Earl Ferrers, leaving by his said wife, Anne Ferrers,
three sons and one daughter. Robert; Ferrars died 1710; and
Thomas died 1708; and a daughter, Elizabeth, Countess of
Northampton, and Baroness Ferrars, of Chartley, as heir to her
brother; and the said Robert dying of the small-pox, on Feb 25th,
1()C)8 g, Robert, his son and heir, born on Dec. 28th, 1692, be-
came heir apparent to his grandfather, and was elected Kright of
the Shire for the county of Leicester, in the last Parliament called
by Queen Anne; and surviving both his brothers, died of the
small-pox, on July 5th, 1714, unmarried, leaving his sister, mar-
ried, in I7't6, to James Compton, Earl of Northampton, his heir;
which Lady died 13th March, 1740-1; leaving an only daughter
and heir, Charlotte Baroness Ferrars, first wife of George late
]Viarquis Tovvnshend.

m Quere Dec. 31st, 1767 ?

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 101

Whereupon the Hon. Washington Shirley, second son of
Robert Earl Ferrers, succeeded his father as second Earl Fer-
rers. His Lordship was born on June 22d, l6/7> and on April
12th, 1725, was constituted Lord-Lieutenant of Staffordshire,
also Custos Rotulorum of the said county, on April 27th follow-
ing, and again on Nov. 1/th, 1727. He married Mary, daughter
of Sir Richard Levings, Bart, one of the Judges of the King's-
Bench, in Ireland 5 and by her, who died in France, in January,
1739-40, left issue three daughters, his coheirs ; viz.

Lady Elizabeth, who was married, on June 24th, 1725, to
Joseph Gascoigne Nightingale, of Enfield, in the county of Mid-
dlesex, Esq.; and Mamhead, co. Devon; and by him had a son,
named Washington, who died, unmarried, 1754; and a daugh-
ter, named Elizabeth, sole heir to her father and mother (who was
married to Wilmot, late Earl of Lisburne; and died 19th May,
1755, in childbed of the present Earl of Lisburne) ; Lady Eliza-
beth was interred in Westminster-abbey (on Aug. 26th. 1731),
where a monument of most excellent design and execution is
erected to her memory. Her husband surviving her, deceased on
July 1 5th, 1752, at Efineld.

Lady Selina, second daughter, was wedded on June 3d, 172S,
to TheophilusEarl of Huntingdon, and died in 1791, aged eighty-
seven ; a most exemplary pattern of religion and virtue.0

Lady Mary, youngest daughter, on June 29th, 1730, was mar-
ried to Thomas Needham, Lord Viscount Kilmory, of the king-
dom of Ireland ; and died without issue, Aug. 4th, 1767-

This Washington Earl Ferrers departed this life on April 14th,
1729, and leaving no heir male, the title devolved on

Henry, his next brother and heir, who was born on April 14th,
1691, and in May, 1731, was appointed Lord- Lieutenant and
Custos Rotulorum of Staffordshire: but the said Henry, third
Earl Ferrers, dying, in August, 1745, unmarried, the title de-
volved on his nephew, Laurence, son and heir of Laurence Shir-
ley, tenth son of Robert Earl Ferrers.

Which Laurence was born on September 26th, 1693, and
died April 27th, 1743, having married Anne, fourth daughter to
Sir Walter Clarges, of Aston, in Hertfordshire, Bart, by whom
he left issue,

Laurence, fourth Earl Ferrers j

Washington Shirley, Jifth Earl Ferrers 5

0 Her character for enthusiastic piety, and patronage of the Methodists, is well
known.

102 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Robert, sixth Earl)

Walter in holy orders, born 1725, married Henrietta Phillips,
and died April 7th, 1786, leaving Walter, Frances, and another
daughter.

Thomas, born 1733, a captain in the navy, 17^9 j deputy ran-
ger of St. James's and Hyde Parks j and married 30th Mar. 1773,
to Mary, widow of Sir Stephen Anderson, Bart.P

And two daughters; Anne, living 1803 5 and Jane, born 1/37,
died an infant.

Which Laurence, fourth Earl Ferrers, on September 16th,
1752, married Mary, youngest daughter of Amos Meredith, Esq.
son and heir of Sir William Meredith, of Henbury, in Cheshire,
Baronet of Nova-Scotia, and sister to Sir William Meredith, the
last Baronet (member for Wigan in the parliament summoned in
1754, and for Liverpool in that which convened in 1761, 176S,
and 1774) : but there being a domestic uneasiness between his
Lordship and his Lady, her Ladyship was allowed a separate
maintenance by act of parliament ; and after his Lordship's death,
she was remarried, 28th March, 1769, to Lord Frederick Camp-
bell, brother to the late Duke of Argyle ; and was burnt to death
at Lord Frederick's house, at Comb-Bank, in Kent, 1807. His
Lordship, though he was at times a very intelligent person, and
a nobleman conversant in the constitution of his country, yet, on
divers occasions, exhibited suspicious symptoms of a constitu-
tional insanity of mind. In one of his fits of disorder, he shot
Mr. Johnson, his land-steward, with a pistol, at his scat at Stan-
ton-Harold, in Leicestershire, in January, 176O; for which, being
tried in Westminster-hall, by his Peers, on April l6th, and 17th,
following, he received sentence, on Friday the 18th, to be hanged
next Monday, and to have his body dissected and anatomized,
the evidence of his insanity not being satisfactory to their Lord-
ships : but the right Hon. the Lord Henley, late Earl of North-
ington, who acted as High-steward at that awful solemnity, with
consent of the Peers, respited his Lordship's execution till Mon-
day, JVTay 5th. At receiving sentence, this unfortunate Noble-
man begged his Peers to recommend him to mercy : and after h«
was carried back to the Tower, he applied, by letter, to the King,
that he might suffer there, where the Earl of Essex, Queen Eli-
zabeth's favourite, and one of his ancestors, had been beheaded.
This application he made with the greater confidence, as he had

• / P He resides at Horkstow-Hall, co. Line

SHIRLEY EARL FERRERS. 103

the honour to be related to his Majesty, and to quarter part of
his arms : but all application from himself and friends proving
ineffectual, his Lordship was, on May 5th, conveyed from the
Tower, in his wedding-suit, to Tyburn, which was covered with
black baize, as well as the Scaffold, and suffered with great firm-
ness and composure, and was buried at St. Pancras, Middlesex ;
and on the 3d of June, 1782, his body was taken up, and con-
veyed to Stanton-Harold, and there interred with his ancestors.

His Lordship dying without issue, the estate and titles devolved
on his brother, Washington, fifth Earl, who took his seat
in the house of Peers, on May 19th, 1760. His Lordship betaking
himself to a maritime life, was, on April 19th, 1746, appointed
a Captain in his Majesty's navy 5 in which he gave eminent proofs
of courage and conduct, and was at length promoted to the rank
of Vice Admiral of the Blue : and the Royal Society, on Dec.
14tb, 1761, enrolled him among their number, on account of the
accurate observations he had made on the transit of Venus over
the Sun, on June 6th preceding, and had communicated to that
learned body, with other useful discoveries, tending to the im-
provement of mathematical knowledge. 1 His Lordship died at
Chartley, in Staffordshire, on October 1st, 177'8, and was buried

there 5 having had no issue by his Lady, Anne, daughter of

Elliott, of Plymouth, Esq. who died 1791j whereupon the titles
and estate devolved upon his next brother,

Robert, sixth Earl Ferrers. His Lordship was born July
10th, 1723 ; married Catherine, daughter of Rowland Cotton, of
Etwall, com. Derby, by whom, who died 1/S6, he had issue,
.Robert, present Earl.

Laurence- Rowland, second son, died young, 1772*

And Washington, third son, born Nov. 13th, 1760, formerly an
Ensign in the Second Regiment of Foot Guards j married, 178I,
Frances, daughter of the Hon. and Rev. William Ward, uncle to
the present Viscount Dudley and Ward ; by whom he has Robert-
William, born 1783 j and two daughters 5 Frances, born 1782 j
and Julia-Elizabeth, born 1785.

His Lordship died April 17th, 1/S7 3 and was succeeded by
his elest son,

Robert, present and seventh Earl Ferrers, born Sept. 21st,
1756, who had issue, by Elizabeth Prentiss, his first wife, Robert- '

3 He began to rebuild the mansion of Stanton-Hareld according to a plan ©f
his own} and lived to see it nearly finished. >

104 ' PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sewallis Shirley, Lord Tamworth, born Nov. 9th, 17/8; and
married, Sept. 5th, 1800, Sophia-Carolina Curzon, daughter of
Nathaniel, present and second Lord Scarsdale, by Sophia, daugh-
ter of Edward Noel, late Viscount Wentworth.

His Lordship married, secondly, Elizabeth, youngest daughter
of the late Wrighton Mundy, Esq. of Markeaton, co. Derby, and
Osbaston, co. Leicester.

Titles.'] Robert Shirley, Earl Ferrers, Viscount Tamworth,
and Baronet.

Creations.] Baronet, May 22d (l6ll) 9 Jac. I. Viscount
Tamworth, in com. Staff, and Earl Ferrers, Sept. 3d (171 1) 10th
Queen Anne.

Arms.] Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Paly of six, Or, and Azure,
a Canton Ermine : 2d and 3d, France and England, quarterly,
within a Border, Argent.

Crest.] On a Wreath, the Bust of a Saracen, side -faced, and
couped, proper, wreathed about the Temples, Or and Azure.

Supporters.] Dexter a Talbot ^rmine, eared Gules, and gor-
ged with a ducal Collar, Or : Sinister, a Rein-deer of the second,
attired and gorged with a ducal Collar, Or, and charged on the
Shoulder with an Horse-shoe Argent.

Motto.] Honor Virtutis Prjemium.

Ch'uf Seats.] At Stanton-Harold, in Leicestershire; atChart-
Jey^castle, in Staffordshire ; and at Shirley, in the county of
Derby.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 105

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH.

*

Thomas Legge/ who lived in the reign of Edward. III. is the
direct ancestor to]the present Earl of Dartmouth. Which Thomas
was of the company of Skinners of London, and Sheriff of that
city, anno lS43,b and twice Lord Mayor ; viz. anno 1346, and
1353. He was returned cone of the Burgesses in Parliament for
that city, in 1349, and 1352. In 1338, he lent Edw. III. 3001. *
towards carrying on the war with France, which was a consider-
able sum in those days, and more than any citizen advanced ex-
cept the Lord Mayor, and Simon de Frauncis, who lent each 800 1.
the next year.

a This family is said to come out of Italy into England, where there remain
several of that name, as also in Naples, and other parts.* Those of Venice re-
moved from Ravenna, about the end of the tenth century ; and such was their
noble descent, and so great their wealth, that they were thought worthy ©f a place
among the patricians in the year 1197, aad have a magnificent palace near the
church of the Misericordia, in that city ; a further proof of their eminency, and
the several great offices they have borne in the Empire, confirm ir.

When they came to England, is not ascertained. Hugh de la Lega, and Ri-
chard, son of O&bert, were •j-Sheriffs of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire, fiom
the 10th to the 16th of Henry II. and William de la Lega (as the name is wrote
in ©ur ancient records), was Sheriff of Herefordshire, in 17 Henry II. Those of
Herefordshire have always been esteemed the elder branch ; but those of Legg'i
Place, near Tunbridge, in Kent, % were resident there for many generations be-
fore Thomas Legge.

b Stow's Survey of London. c Ex Coll. B. Willis, Arm.

* Stow's Survey of London.

* Hist, de Venise, par le Sicur Amelet de la Houssai, t. ii.
f Fuller'* Worthies. \ Speed's Map of Kent.

106 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

He married Elizabeth,15 one of the daughters of Thomas Beau-
champ, Earl of Warwick, and had issue by her, two sons, Simon,
and

John, who was a Serjeant at arms in 1373, and f had then the
King's praecipe directed to William de Weston and himself, to
receive from Roger de Beauchamp, Constable of the castle of the
Devizes, the two sons of Charles de Bloys, and to deliver them
to Robert de Morton, Lieutenant of Collard de Aubrichecourt,
Constable of Nottingham-castle, there to remain as hostages, till
the pretensions to the duchy of Britany should be cleared. In
1381, being then in the Tower, with Simon Sudbury, Archbishop
of Canterbury, and others, hes was there surprised by Wat Ty-
ler, and his rebels, taken from that place, and beheaded on
Tower-hill. He was h Knight of the shire for the county of
Surry, in 2 Rich. II. and had issue, s from whom those of the
name in Norfolk descended, of which family was Dr. Thomas
Legge, Master of Caius and Gonville college, in Cambridge, who
died July 12th, 1607, aged seventy-two, and is buried in the
Chapel of his College.

Simon Legge, the eldest son, married Joan, daughter of John
Clavering, son of Roger Clavering, of the city of London ;k aid
in Cobham church, in Kent, is an exhortation to pray for the
souls of Thomas Legge, and this Simon Legge, whose son

Thomas, married | Margaret, daughter of Sir John Blount,
Knt. Governor of a garrison in Aquitaine,m who, being besieged,
in 14 Henry IV. by the Mareschal of France, he, with 300 men,
overthrew the Mareschal's army, consisting of 4000 fighting men,
and took prisoners twelve persons of note, and others to the
number of 120. The said Thomas had issue, by his wife aforesaid,"

1. Richard, who died a bachelor, and was buried in Cobham
church, after having spent the greatest part of his estate in the
wars between Hen. VI. and Edw. IV.

2. William, ancestor to Lord Dartmouth.

3. John, third son, °took advantage of his brother William's
absence in Ireland, and got possession of his brother Richard's

« Ex Stemmate in Fam. Beauchamp, MS. It must be confessed, that this
match seems not very consonant to the alliances of the proud family of Beauchamp
at that time ; and requires strong proof.

f Rymer, torn. VII. p. 26. 8 Stow's Annals.

1» Pryn's Brev. Pari. p. 88. { Ex Script. Will. Com. Dartmouth.

k Weaver's Fun. Mon. l Ex Script, ut antea.

» Hollinshed's and Speed's Chron. ■ Ex Script. pi*J. • Ibid.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 107

estate after his death, which occasioned a long suit. But neither
William, nor his heirs, ever recovered it. He married Eleanor,

a daughter of Talboys, of Kyme, in com. Line, of which

family was the Lord Talboys, in the reign of Henry VIII. In
that reign was Robert Legge, who f married Edith, daughter of
John Boys, of Goodnestone, in Kent,0! who was, secondly, the
wife of Robert Colwell j and, thirdly, of Sir Christopher Barker,
Knt. Garter King of Arms. She died in Sept. 1550, surviving
her husband Sir Christopher; and, as appears by his will, had
issue only by her husband Colwell.

William Legge, the second son of Thomas, went into Ire-
land,1' and settled at Cassils, where he married Anne, only daugh-
ter of John, son of Miles Lord Birmingham, of Athunree, and
had issue by her, Edward, his son and heirj and dying, aged
ninety-two, was buried at Cassils.

Which Edward was s sent by his father into England on the
law-suit with his unole John ; but being unsuccesful, he made a
voyage, in 1584, with Sir Walter Raleigh, to the Indies; and on
his return into Ireland, had a company given him in Sir Henry
Danvers's regiment. He was afterwards made Vice.president of
Munster, when Sir Charles Blount, Lord Montjoy, Knight of
the Garter (afterwards Earl of Devon), was Lord -Lieutenant to
whom he was related ; and often transacted affairs with the Earl
of Tir-Oen, being in favour with both parties. He had issue by
Mary his wife, daughter of Percy Walsh, of Moyvallie, six sons,
and seven daughters, and died in the seventy-fourth year of his
age, anno l6l6.

1. Elizabeth, his eldest daughter, never married, but lived to
105 years. She was well versed in the Latin, English, French,
Spanish, and Irish tongues.

2. Mary, married to Spragge, was mother of Sir Edward

Spragge, Admiral of the Blue, who commanded the rear under
Prince Rupert, and lost his life, in the third and last engagement
with the Dutch, on Aug. 11th, 16/3-

3. Margaret, wife of Fitz-Gerald, Esq. lived 105 years,

and was buried in Ireland.

4. Eleanor, married to Davys, Esq. son of Sir John Davys,

Attorney general, in Ireland, to James I.

P Anstis's Regist. Gar. Vol. II. p. 378, 379.
S Now the Seat of Sir Brook Bridges, Bart. r Ex Script, prjed,

* Account of this Family, by Col. John Legge, MS.

103 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

5. Susannah, wife to Nugent, Esq. by whom she had

isiue, and was interred in Ireland.

6. Anne, espoused Anthony, Esq. and died in the 112th

year of her age, in 1702.

7. Jane, married to — — — Usher, Esq

Thomas Legge, second son of the aforesaid Edward and Mary,
died young, and was buried in Ireland.

Richard Legge, third son,1 was Ensign in the regiment of
Montjoy Blount, Earl of Newport, in the first expedition against
the Scots, in l63g, and afterwards Lieutenant-colonel of that re-
giment," aud taken prisoner when the Earl of Derby was defeated
at Wigan, in com. Lane, on Aug. 25th, 1651. After the Resto-
ration, he x was sent with forces under the Earl of Peterborough,
to take possession of Tangier : and was Ranger of Whichwood-
forcst, in Oxfordshire, and died unmarried.

John Legge, fourth son,>' was a Lieutenant-colonel in the
Marquis of Antrim's regiment in Ireland, temp. Car. T. And on
the accession of Charles IT. by the cruel murder of his royal
father, being then in Ireland, he was sent by Prince Rupert,
Prince Maurice, and the Marquis of Ormond, then Lord-Lieute-
nant, from Kinsale, to hasten his Majesty's coming into Ireland ;
but the ship he was in being taken,2 he was for a long time im-
prisoned at Plymouth, and by a court-martial condemned to die.
Whitlocka gives the following account; on July l6th, 1049,
tf that the fleet, before Kinsale, took a vessel of Prince Rupert's,
of eleven guns, and in her, Legg, Sir Hugh Windham, Capt.
Darcy, and sixty men, and ammunition. On 2lst July, letters
from Plymouth, of Col. Legg, Sir Hugh Windham, and others,
being brought thither prisoners, to know the pleasure of the house
concerning them : Ordered, that Col. Legg be committed in
Bristol, and Sir Hugh Windham to the Mount, for high-treason."
However, he was afterwards released j and was deputy-governor
of Jersey, in the reign of James II. and Ranger of Whichwood-
forest aforesaid, where he died in 1702, aged 109 years. He

married Anne, daughter of - Allot, Esq. and had issue two

.sons, and four daughters.

Edward, fifth son, died in his infancy.

t Rush worth's Collect. ■ Baker's Chron. continued by E. P.

* Ex Script. Will. Com. Dartmouth. Y Ibid.

2 Cox's Hist, of Ireland, Vol. II. p. 2. '» Memorials, p. 399.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. iqq

Robert, sixth son, was b sent by Charles I. into Holland with
the Queen, to provide arms and ammunition ; and on her return,
she gave this account of her army, from Newark, June 27th,
1044. " I carry with me 3000 foot, 30 companies of horse and
dragoons, 6 pieces of cannon, and 2 mortars. Harry Jermyn
commands the forces which go with me, as Colonel of my guards,
Sir Alexander Lesley the foot under him, Gerrard the horse, and
Robin Legge the artillery." He was in most of the battles during
the civil war, and received several wounds. In 1045, he c was
Colonel of foot, and taken prisoner by Colonel Massey, at the
storming of Evesham, He was much trusted by the King and
Queen on all hazardous occasions, both their Majesties having a
good opinion of his courage and fidelity, which he never forfeited.
Hed married a daughter of Sir Daniel Norton, of Southwick, in
Hampshire, by whom he had no issue. In order to the restora-
tion of Charles II. he had Portsmouth delivered to him by Co-
lonel Norton, his wife's brother ; the government of which he
possessed to his death, which happened soon after, and was. buried
there.

1 now return to William Legge, eldest son to Edward Legge
and Mary Walsh. He was e brought out of Ireland by Henry
Danvers, Earl of Danby, President of Munster, his godfather,
who had promised (his father being infirm), to take ca.e of his
education, and was sent by him to serve as a volunteer under
Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden ; and after, served under
Prince Maurice, of Orange, in the Low Countries. On his return
to England, he was first f constituted, on Nov. 30th, 2 Car. I.
Keeper of the King's Wardrobe during life; and soon after
made Groom of the bedchamber. And when Danvers, Earl of
Danby, was fined 50001. in the court of Star-chamber (for hav-
ing felled timber in Whichwood-forest, without licence), he de-
sired, as a favour to him, that 2000 1. thereof might be given to
Colonel William Legge, saying, it was what he designed to leave
him as a legacy, and which he should not be able to perform
when he had paid his fine ; and thereupon the King granted it.
In l§3o, he had a commission to be Lieutenant-general of the
Ordnance, in the first expedition against the Scots; and in l640,«
brought up that petition from the army, to which his Majesty

b Rushworth's Collections, Vol. II. and Ludlow's Memoirs, part 3,
c Whitlock's Memorials, p. 142. A Ex Script. W. Com. Dartmouth,

e Ibid. f Pat. 2 Car. I. p. 21. n. 27.

t Husband's Collect, and Whitlock's Msm. p. 44.

110 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

subscribed C. R. whereupon he was examined by the house of
Commons, and ordered into custody as a delinquent j but was al-
lowed his liberty,11 giving 10,0001. bail for himself, with the Earls
of Cumberland and Newport, 50001. each, for his appearance.
The parliament soon after publishing a declaration, mentioning
the King's attempting to incense the northern army against them,
&c. his Majesty, in answer thereto, said, u He signed Captain
Legge's petition to satisfy the army.1" And, immediately after,
removing northward, the Earls of Pembroke and Holland having
waited on him at Royston, from the parliament, March 9th. 1642,
they reported, on their return, that the King, on reading that
part of their message concerning Captain Legge, said, " That's a
lie." And on going with the King to York, and being with him,
when his Majesty demanded entrance into Hull, on April 23d,
the parliament thereupon remanded him. However, in that year,
hek was constituted Serjeant-major and Captain of a troop of
cuirassiers in Prince Rupert's regiment, and was taken prisoner
at Dunsmore heath, by Major Ballard. However, he was soon
at liberty} for, as Rushworth writes, he joined Prince Rupert at
Bridgnorth, with 1120 musketeers, before the fight between the
Prince and Sir John Meldrum, at Newark, on March 21st, 1643.
And, in April following, was wounded and taken prisoner at
Lichfield (as Echard writes), and soon after again released. For,
in the first battle at Newbury, on Sept. 20th, 1643, having va-
liantly behaved, and the night after attending his Majesty in his
bedchamber, the King presented him with a hanger he had that
day worn, which was in an agate handle set in gold, and would
have knighted him with it, had he consented j1 but the hanger
was kept in his family, till the house at Blackheath was robbed,
in lG'93.

In l644,m he was Governor of Chester; and Dec. 25th, that
year, was made n Governor of Oxford, in the room of Sir Arthur
Aston. He ° had a regiment of foot, and another of cuirassiers ;
also a commission to be governor in chief of the city and county
of Oxford, with power for impressing what soldiers he pleased in
the counties of Bucks and Berks. On April 16th, 1645,1* being
then one of the Grooms of the King's bedchamber, and Governor

h Nalson and Rushworth's Collect. * Whitlock, p. ^4, 55.

k Ex Script. VV. Com. Dartm. ] Ex Script, piaed.

m Ibid. n Wood's Athence Oxon. Vol. I. p. 72 r.

• Ex Script, pi-jed, p Wood's Fasti Oxon. Vol. II. p. 728, 733.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. Ill

of Oxford, he was admitted Doctor of Laws of that University j
and, on Oct. 8th following, surrendered it to Sir Thomas Gien-
ham, his Majesty taking him with him when he left Oxford.
When King Charles made his escape from Hampton-court, he,
with Sir John Berkeley, and Mr. Ashburnham, were the only
persons to whose fidelity the king committed himself. The Earl
of Clarendon relates, that Ashburnham alone seemed to know
what they were to do; the other two having received only orders
to attend. Whereupon he had no hand in that unfortunate step,
of carrying the King over to the Isle of Wight, in which the
other two were involved; for i he staid with the King at Titch-
field-house, while Ashburnham and Sir John Berkeley went to
Col. Hammond. And on that, the Earl of Clarendon gives him
the following character : " Legge had so general a reputation of
integrity and fidelity to his master, that he never fell under the
least imputation or reproach with any man : he was a very punc-
tual and steady observer of the orders he received, but no contriver
of them ; and though he had in truth a better judgment and un-
derstanding than either of the other two, his modesty and diffidence
of himself never suffered him to contrive bold counsels."

Cromwell sent a warrant to Col. Hammond for securing Mr.
Legge, Mr. Ashburnham, and Sir John Berkeley/ but the Colonel
desired to forbear the execution thereof, till he might know the
pleasure of the houses; " Jn regard (as he said), if those Gen-
tlemen should be apprehended, it would be very difficult for hirn,
to secure the person of his Majesty." And that the King said,
'* If these Gentlemen should be taken from him, and punished
as evil doers, for counselling him not to go out of the kingdom,,
but rather to come to this place, for the more conveniency a* to
settlement of peace, and for endeavouring it accordingly, in at-
tending him hither, he cannot but himself expect to be dealt with
accordingly, his case being the same.

<f That these Gentlemen have engaged their honours not to
depart from him : and having cast themselves upon him, in case
they should be removed from thence, it would much reflect upon
Jiim."

On May 19th, 1648, he s was committed prisoner to Windsor-
castle, but was soon after released ; and during the treaty of the

q Hist, of England, Vol. III. p. 170. r Whitlock's Memorials, p. 282.

• Ibid. p. 305.

Ui PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Isle of Wight, he was nominated, among others, to attend his
Majesty j but on Aug. 31st following, he was, with Mr. Doucet,
the only two disapproved of by the parliament. And engaging in
that design of the Earl of Holland's, to restore the King, he was
wounded, and taken prisoner with the Earl, at St. Neot's, in
Huntingdonshire. King Charles was so sensible of his sufferings,
and had so great an esteem of his fidelity, that, a little before his
death, he charged the Duke of Richmond to tell the Prince of
"Wales from him, that whenever he was restored to his right, he
should be sure to take care of honest Will. Legge ; for he was
the faithfullest servant that ever any Prince had.

After the unfortunate death of that King, he and his family
suffered great hardships, and being imprisoned in Plymouth, he
was, by order of parliament, in 1649/ removed to Bristol, with a
charge of high-treason, and from thence was sent to Arundel-
castle, in Sussex; from whence he applied to the Speaker, Len-
thall, for leave to go abroad; who obtained it for him, and in
return, Colonel Legge, on the Restoration, was very instrumental
in procuring Lenthall's pardon; who, when he died, left him, by
his will, 200 1. as a legacy.

As he had eminently distinguished his loyalty to Charles I. so
was he not backward in espousing the interests of his son and
successor, Charles II. accompanying him, in 1650, into Scotland,
where he was committed piisoner to Edinburgh-castle, and so
continued, till the King made his escape from St. Johnstown;
when, to gratify his Majesty, he was released. At the battle of
Worcester, on Sept. 3d, 1()5I, he was wounded and taken pri-
soner;11 and had been certainly executed, if his wife had not con-
trived his escape out of Coventry gaol, by hiring an old woman
to carry him her clothes, which he put on, and brought a close-
stool pan, well filled, under his arm, the stench of which occa-
sioned the guards to stand clear, and let him pass unregarded.

In the protectorship of Oliver Cromwell, he, with the Earl of
Oxford, and others, were committed to prison, being betrayed by
Manning, who corresponded with Thurloe, Cromwell's secretary,
with a design to get money from them, and thereupon informed
against such, whose fidelity to the King was most notorious. In
1659, when risings were designed throughout the kingdom, he
had a commission to raise a regiment of foot, with several blank
commissions, to dispose of as he thought fit. He was also com-

t Whitlock's Memorials, p. 399. * Ex Script, piacd.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 113

missioned, with Arthur Annesley, after Earl of Anglesey, John
Mordaunt, soon after created Viscount Mordauntj Sir John Gran-
ville, afterwards Earl of Bath ; and Thomas Peyton, to promise
pardon to all those who shall endeavour his Majesty's restoration,
except those who sat as Judges on his father. The said commis-
sion was dated at Brussels, March llth, l65Q,x wherein they
were also empowered, by writing under their hands, &c. to pro-
mise in his Majesty's name, such rewards as they thought proper,
which he would ratify, confirm, and perform. They were so
active in this commission, that most of the nobility and gentry of
England and Wales were engaged by them in the King's service,
and a day in Julyy fixed for their rising; but that being deferred
to August 1st, the design took airj and only Sir George Booth,
with his friends, appeared in Cheshire, and the Earl of Litchfield,
with some others, in Surry. The King was in such expectation
of the success, that he went from Brussels to Calais, and had a
shalop ready for his transportation, on hearing any considerable
body of men were in arms for him. In 166O, just before the
meeting of the parliament, he subscribed that declaration of the
nobility and gentry, whereby they promised not to retain any re-
sentments for former ill treatment.

After the Restoration, the King told him the messuage he had
received from his royal father, by the Duke of Richmond, which,
he said, must always entitle him to any marks of favour he could
give him, and offered to create him an Earl before his coronation;
which he modestly declined, having a numerous family, with a
»mall fortune: but told the King, he hoped his sons might live
to deserve his majesty's favour. On which he was restored to his
place in the Bedchamber, and Lieutenancy of the Ordnance, with
a commission to be Superintendant, with General's pay. Also
was constituted Treasurer of the Ordnance, and Colonel of an
independent company of foot in the Tower of London. All these
were granted in 1660 to him, during his life.

,The next year he was z chosen Member of Parliament for
Southampton : and obtained a grant of the King's house in the
Minories (formerly an abbey), London, the lieutenancy of Alice
Holt,a and Woolmer-forests, in Hampshire, for forty-five years 5

* Baker's Chronicle, edit. i. 84. p. 64. Y Ibid. p. 649, 6>o,

z Ex Scrip, praef.
a Where hit descendant, Lord Stawtll, is still seated, ;
VOL. IV. J

ll-t PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

a]so, of lands in com. Lowth, in Ireland, to a considerable value ;
with a pension of 5001. per ann. for his own and his wife's life.
And when Prince Rupert went to Vienna, he constituted him his
sufficient and lawful Attorney and Commissioner for him and in
his name, and to his use, to act, manage, perform, and do all and
all manner of matters and things whatsoever, which doth or may
any way concern him, either with his Majesty, the Parliament,
or any other person or persons whatsoever. In 1663, he was
made Woodward of Chute-forest, in com. Wilts. He died of a
fever, at the said house in the Minories, near the Tower, on Oct.
13th, 1672, in the fixty-third year of his age, and was buried in
the vault in the Trinity-chapel in the minories, with great solem-
nity ; Prince Rupert, the Dukes of Buckingham, Richmond,
Monmouth, Newcastle, and Ormond, with most of the court,
being present at his funeral : and a monument of white marble ia
erected there to his memory.

He married Elizabeth, eldest daughter cf Sir William Wash-
ington, of Packington, in Leicestershire, by Anne, daughter of
Sir George Villiers, of Brooksby, in the said county, and sister to
the first Duke of Buckingham of that family. She died in 1688,
in the seventy-sixth year of her age, and was buried in the vault
jj) the Trinity-chapel in the Minories, by her husband. They
had issue three sons, George, William, and Edward 3 and two
uaughters; whereof,

Mary, the eldest, was married to Sir Henry Gooderick, of Rib-
ston, in the county of York, Knt. and Bart, who was Envoy-
extraordinary to Spain, in the reign of Charles II. and Lieutenant-
general of the Ordnance, and Privy-counsellor to William III. by
whom she had no issue. She died aged seventy yerrs, and was
buried in the vault with her father; though it is mentioned (by
mistake), on Sir J-Ienry's Gooderick's monument, in Ribston-
chapel, that he was buried there,

Susannah, second daughter, was married, on April 25th, 16J8,
in Henry VII. 's chapel in Westminster-abbey, to Thomas Bilson,
of Maple-Durham, in the county of Southampton, Esq. by whom
she had isue one daughter, that died in her infancy, and two sons,
Leonard Bilson, and Thomas Bilson, both which died in her
lifetime, without issue; Thomas, by a fall from his horse 5 and
Leonard, 1715, who left the remainder of his whole estate, after
Thomas Bettes worth, and the heirs male of his body lawfully be-
gotten, to Henry Legge, fourth son to William Earl of Dartmouth,,
provided he take the name of Bilson.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 115

William, second son to the said William Legge, was b Page of
honour to Charles II. Groom of the bedchamber, and Captain of
a tr,pop of horse, in the regiment of horse-guards commanded by
Aubrey de Vere, Earl of Oxford. And in 16SO, was sent by the
King to Hesse-Cassel, to stand godfather, as his proxy, to Prince
Charles, the Landgrave's son. In the reign of James II. he was
Lieutenant-colonel in the Queen's regiment of horse, Governor of
Kinsale, in Ireland, and Member of Parliament for Portsmouth.

He married Mary Pool, widow of Townshend, Esq. but had

ho issue by berj and dying in Dublin, in the forty-eighth year
of his age, was buried there.

Edward Legge, third son, died in h?s infancy, and was buried
at Stoke, in com. Middlesex : where his mother resided during
the absence of his father beyond the seas.

George Legge, eldest son and heir, first Lord Dartmouth,
was sent to seac at the age of seventeen, under the care of Sir
Edward Spragge. He commanded the Pembroke in 166?, the
Fairfax in 107 1, and the Royal Catharine in 1672. In the Dutch
wars he was wounded ; taking and destroying several of their
ships. In 166Q, he had the command of his father's independent
company of foot, and in 1672, was made Lieutenant-governor of
Portsmouth, under his Royal Highness James Duke of York. In
1673, Governor of Portsmouth, Master of the Horse, and Gentle-
man of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York. In 1677, he had
a grant of 3001. per ann. as Assistant to the office of Ordnance;
and before the end of that year was constituted Colonel of a re-
giment of foot, and Lieutenant-general of the Ordnance. Soon
after, he was made Master of the Ordnance; and on March 3d,
1 680-1, was sworn of the Privy-council to Charles II. In 1682,
he had a commission for viewing all the forts and garrisons in
England, and for commanding in chief. And before the end of
the same year, was, by letters patent, dated Dec. 2d, in the 34th
year of his reign, advanced to the degree of a Baron of this realm,
by the title of Baron of Dartmouth, in the county of Devon,
to hold and enjoy to himself and the heirs male of his body ; and
for the default of such issue, to William Legge, Esq. one of the
Grooms of the royal bedchamber (brother to him the said George)
and to the heirs male of^his body; which remainder the King
particularly ordered himself, in justice (as he was pleased to say),
to the memory of old Colonel Legge, whose modesty ought not

* Ex Scrip, prxf. ■ Ibid.

l\G PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to prejudice his children. The preamble to the patent imports:
d f That his Majesty remembering the great merits of William
Legge, one of the Grooms of the royal bedchamber to his late
father King Charles the First, especially in that unparalleled re-
bellion raised against himj in which, being a person of singular
skill and experience in military affairs, as also a valiant and ex-
pert commander, he faithfully served him in most of the battles
and sieges of those unhappy times : also performed several emi-
nent services to the said King, since his most happy restoration :
and farther considering, that George Legge, eldest son of the
said William, following his father's steps in divers military em-
ployments, especially in sundry sharp and dangerous naval rights,
wherein he did freely hazard his life j for which respect, being
made General of the Ordnance and Artillery, and one of bis most
honourable Privy-council, his Majesty thought fit to dignify him
with some farther honour.*'

The following year he was e sent Admiral of the whole English
fleet, to demolish Tangier; having a commission to be Captain-
general of all his Majesty's forces in Africa, and Governor of that
city. Bishop Burnet recites,1" " After the King had kept Tangier
about twenty years, and had been at a yast charge in making a
mole before it, in which several undertakers had failed, but the
work was now brought near perfection, which seemed to give us
the key of the Mediterranean y he, to deliver himself from the
charge, sent Lord Dartmouth with a fleet to destroy all the works,
apd bring home all our men." On his return, he had, as a reward
of his many faithful services, a grant from his Majesty of 10,0001.
Jie also obtained, from Charles II a grant to hold a fair twice a
year, and a market twice a week, upon Black-heath, in the parish
pf Lewisham, in Kent.

During the reign of James JI. he was Master of the Horse,
pcneral of the Ordnance, Constable of the Tower of London,
cne of the Lords of the privy council, Colonel of the royal regi-
ment of Fusileers, and Captain of an independent company of
foot. He was also High-steward of Dartmouth, and Kingston
upon Thames, aqd Recorder of Lichfield. In the year 1687,
attending the King in his progress, and the city of Coventry pre-
senting his Majesty with a large gold cup and cover, he immedi-
ately delivered it to the Lorcl Dartmouth, telling him, " there was

A Dugdale's Additions to his Baronage, MS. penes meips.
e Ex Script, prcef.
t History of his Own Times, Vol. II. p. 264, i6$*

LEGG£ EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 1I7

an acknowledgement from the city of Coventry-; for his father's
sufferings in their town/' where, during the civil wars, he had
endured a long imprisonment. He 8 resigned his post of Master
of the Horse on Dec. l6tb, 16S7. And in the succeeding year,
he was made Admiral of the fleet of England, then sent out to in-
tercept the Dutch fleet bringing over the Prince of .Orange:
which employment he accepted out of gratitude to the King}
who, as Bishop Burnet writes (in his History of his Own Times)
loved him, and in whose service and confidence he had long been.
The Bishop also says, " h that he was indeed one of the worthiest
men of his court, but he was much against the conduct of his
affairs; yet he was resolved to stick to him at all hazards."

After the Prince had landed, it is recited in our Gazettes, that
he passed by Portsmouth, on Nov. 18th, 168S, and after bad
weather, returned to Spithead on Nov. 23d following, with forty-
three ships of war ; the rest of the fleet being put into other
ports. Afterwards he sailed from thence for the Downs, on Dec.
29th, and leaving there several men of war, under the command
of the Lord Berkeley, his Lordship, with the rest of the fleet,
sailed for the Buoy of the Nore.

Yet, notwithstanding he brought the fleet safe home, and had
acted by order of King James when he was in power, he was
deprived of all his employments at the Revolution 3 and in 1G9I,
committed prisoner to the Tower of London, where, after three
months imprisonment, he departed this life suddenly of an apo-
plexy, on Oct. 25th, that year, in the forty-fourth year of his age.1
When he was dead, Lord Lucas, who was Constable of the
Tower, made some difficulty of permitting his body to be re»
moved without order; on which, application being made to King
William, he was pleased to direct, that the same respect should
be paid at his funeral, that would have been due to him> if he
had died possessed of all his employments in that place. And
accordingly the Tower guns were fired when he was carried out,
to be interred near his father in the vault in the Minories: where
a monument of white marble is erected to his memory,k by Bar-

S Journal per Greg. King, Lane. Fecial, MS. penes meip.
h Hist, praed. p. 498.
I There is a scarce Print of him existing, for which, see Granger,
k In Sir John Dalrymple's Appendix to his Memoirs of Great Britain and Ire-
land, part I. p. 71, are two letters, which enable us to clear up not only some
aspersions of Bishop Burnet on Lord Dartmouth and the Duke of York, but also
a mistake or two of Dr. Campbell, in Blographia Britannica, Vol. II. p. 1335*

113 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

bara, his Lady, who died on January 28th, 1717-I8, in the fixty-
cighth year of her age, and was buried in the same vault with

note C. The Bishop tells us, " that the Duke, when he was shipwrecked (in
the Gloucester frigate, in May 1682), got into a boat, and took care of his dogs
and some unknown persons, who were taken, from that earnest care of his, to
be his priests. The long-boat went off with very few in her, though she might
have carried off above eighty more than she did. One hundred and fifty persors
perished ; some of them men of great quality. But the Duke took no notice cf
this cruel neglect, which was laid chiefly to Legge's charge." On this Dr. C .
makes the following remark : " What blame fell upon Legge, or who this Legge
was, is not easy to determine ; for as to Colonel Legge, then Master of the Ord-
nance, and a Privy Counsellor, afterwards Lord Dartmouth, and Admiral of the
Fleet, he was visiting the fortresses of the kingdom, at this time, by his Ma-i
jesty's command." Colonel Legge, it is true, had a commission in 1682, for
viewing all the forts and garrisons in England ; bat that he was the Legge whom-
the Bishop mentions, and unjustly blames, appears from the following letter of
his son (communicated by the late Earl of Dartmouth), which clears up an in-
teresting fact; and exculpates both the Duke and him, ef this imputed charge of
insensibility, too natural to the Duke on most other trying occasions :

Earl of Dartmouth to Erasmus Lewis, Esq.

•v Sandivell, Jan. 25th, 1723-4.

SIR,
*< This is only in answer to the last paragraph of yours of the 21st. My fa*
ther -was on board the Gloucester, but so little deserved to have the drowning 150
men (which the Bishop has so liberally bestowed upon him), laid chiefly to his
charge, that it was is great measure owing to him, that any escaped after the
ship had struck. He several times pressed the Duke to get into the boat, who
refused to do it; telling him, that if he were gone, nobody would take care of
the ship, which he had hopes might be saved, if she were not abandoned. But
my father finding she was ready to sink, told him if he staid any longer they
should be obliged to force him out : upon which the Duke ordered a strong box
to be lifted into the boat, which, besides being extremely weighty, took up a
good deal of time as well as room. My father asked him with s >me warmth, if
there was any thing in it worth a man's life. The Duke answered, that there
were things of so great consequence both to the King and himself, that he would
hazard his own rather than it should be lost. Before he went off, he inquired
for Lord Roxborough and Lord Obrjen ? but the confusion and hurry was so great
that they could not be found. When the Duke, and as many as she ivculd hold
•with safety, were in the boat, my father stood with his sword drawn, to hinder
the crowd from oversetting of her, which I suppose was what the Bishop esteemed
a fault; but the King thanked him publickly for the care he had taken of the
Duke ; and the Dutchess, who was not apt to favour him much upon other occa-
sions, said upon this, that she thought herself more obliged to him than to any
man in the world, and should do so as long as she lived. I cannot guess what
induced the Bishop to charge my father with the long-boat's not being sufficiently
manned j for if that were the case (which I much doubt), it was not under hii

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 119

him. She was daughter and coheir of Sir Henry Archbold, of
Abbots- Bromley, in Staffordshire, and by her Lord had issue one
son, William, Earl of Dartmouth, and seven daughters.

direction, he being on board in no other capacity but as a passenger and the
Duke's servant; and I believe the reflection upon{the Duke for his care of the
dogs to be as ill-grounded; for I remember a story (that was in every body'*
mouth at that time), of a struggle that happened for a plank between Sir Charles
Scarborough and the Duke's dog Mumper, which convinces me that the dogs,
were left to take care of themselves (as he did), if there were any more on board*
which I never heard till the Bishop's story-book was published. This is all irf
relation to that affair, that ever came to the knowledge of,

SIR,
Your most faithful humble Servant,

Dartmouth."

Dr. Campbell mentions the above incident of two persons standing with their
swords drawn, one in the boat, the other on board the ship, to prevent that irre-
gular crowding whkh might have endangered the boat as well as the ship; and
adds, " if the reader is curious to know who those persons were, we shall endea-
vour to satisfy him* He on board the ship was Sir John Berry (the Ciptain),
who, after performing this service, escaped very narrowly himself, by swimming
to a rope that was thrown over the s-tern of Captain Wyburn's ship j and he in
the boat was Colonel Churchill (afterwards the great Duke of Marlborough), who
for this service is very justly said to have contributed to the preservation of the
Duke his master's life. We see, however, by Lord Dartmouth's letter, that the
biographer is here mistaken, and that Colonel Legge was the person who performed
this service.

Notwithstanding the apathy by which the Duke of York's character is to be
distinguished, or rather disgraced, that, as Sir John Dalrymple justly observe?,
*' in all his letters (numerous as they are), scarce one stroke of genius or sensi-
bility is to be found," Jet us be careful of loading his memory more than it de-
serves. On such good authority let us allow, that the boat, instead of being
** able to carry off above eighty more than they did," was as full as she could
safely be : that, though Lord Roxborough and Lord Obrien were left behind, the
Duke, «* before he went off, inquired for them j and that the dogs (Mumper in
particular), were left to struggle for planks, and »* take care of themselves." It
appears too, by a letter in the said Appendix, from Sir James Dick, Lord Provost
of Edinburgh, one of the persons that were shipwrecked, that the Duke, Eari
Winton, and the President of the Session, and two of the bedchamber men, who
drew their swords to hold people off, were all that went in the Duke's Utile boat, as
he calls it. No unhurwn persons are mentioned. And in the ship's boat, besides
Sir James, and the sailors who rowed, he tells us, there were Earl Perth, Ea;l
Middleton, the Laird of Taich, with several others, and afterwards twenty or
twenty-four seamen more, jumped in upon them from the shrouds; ft which
made all the spectators and themselves to think, they were sinking, being so
thronged," &c. He mentions also the great difficulty they had to reach the
nearest yatch, the wind being N. E. and the waves boisterous ; and their teing

120 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

• Mary, the eldest, was married, on Nor. 12th, 16S5, in Henry
VII.'s Chapel, in Westminster- abbey, to Philip Musgrave, Esq.
eldest son of Sir Christopher Musgrave, of Eden-hall, in West-
moreland, Bart, and after his decease, to John Crawford, Esq.
son to Commissary-general Crawford : and died on Feb. 25th,
1753. The other daughters were, Elizabeth, who died, unmar-
ried, l Sept. 15th, 176O, aged ninety years, and was buried in the
Minories j Barbara, Susannah, and Anne, the youngest 5 besides
the fifth and sixth, who died in their infancies, and are buried in
the family vault, in the Minories Church.

William, first Earl, his only son, was born on Oct. 14th,
1672. He was Lieutenant of Alice-Holt, and Woolmer-forests,
till King William granted the reversion, after the term of Colonel
William Legge's grant for forty-five years, to Emanuel How,
Esq. Groom of his Bedchamber; on which he surrendered the
remainder of his term for a valuable consideration."1 He n took
his place in the house of Peers, on Nov. 22d, 16Q5. On the
accession of Queen Anne, he was constituted one of the Lords
Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, on June 14th, 1702;
and on the 18th following, was sworn of her Privy-council, at
St. James's. In 17 10, he was sworn one of her Majesty's Prin-
cipal Secretaries of State, and constituted Keeper of the Signet
of Scotland, in commission with James Duke of Queensberry,
Also, on Sept. 5th, 1 7H> was advanced to the dignities of discount
Lewisham, in Kent, and Earl of Dartmouth. In 1713, he
was appointed Lord Keeper of the Privy-seal 5 and on the demise
of Queen Anne, as such, was one of the Lords Justices of Great-
Britain, being at the same time High-steward of Dartmouth, and
one of the Governors of the Charter-house.

His Lordship married in July, 1700, the Lady Anne Finch,
third daughter to Heneage, Earl of Ailesford, and by her Lady-
ship, who died on Nov. 30th, 1751, and was buried in the Mi-
nories Church, had issue six sons, and two daughters; the Lady
Barbara, married, on July 27th, 1724, to Sir Walter Bagot, of
Blithfield, in Staffordshire, Bart. ; and the Lady Anne, married,

obliged to force off the gripe of many who were swimming, and catched hold of
the boat. All circumstances, and the size of a frigate's long boat considered, let
any seaman judge whether it 'went off (as the Bishop says), with -very few , or
whether it could have held eighty (or any) more.

I Coffin Plate.
w But a branch of the family have since obtained a new grant.
N » Journ. Dom. Procer,

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 121

in October 1739, to Sir Lister Holt, of Aston, in Warwickshire,
Bart.

His Lordship's eldest son, George, Lord Viscount Lewisham,
married Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Sir Arthur Kaye, of
Woodsome, in Yorkshire, Bart, by his wife, Anne, eldest daugh-
ter and coheir of Sir Samuel Marrow, of Berkeswell, in War-
wickshire, Bart. And having been elected a member in the
parliament that sat first on business on Nov. 28th, 1727, for
Great Bedwin, in Wiltshire, died of the small-pox at his house
in Holies-street, Cavendish-square, London, on Aug. 29th, 1732.
By his said Lady (who afterwards wedded Francis, first Earl of
Guilford, and died in 1745), he had issue a daughter that was
still-born 3 secondly, a son, Arthur Legge, who died on Oct. 6th,
1729, aged two years and ten weeks; also a son, William, late
Earl of Dartmouth; and two daughters, Anne, and Elizabeth;
whereof, Anne was, on November 23d, 176O, married to James
Brudenel, now Earl of Cardigan, brother to George the last Duke
of Montagu ; and died Jan. SOth, 1786, without issue.

Heneage Legge, second son, baptized March 12th, 1703-4,
was admitted a Student in the Inner-Temple, at the age of nine*
teen; and on Dec. 12th, 1734, chosen High-steward of the city
of Litchfield. In Feb. 1739, he was sworn one of the King's
Counsel; and 1749, constituted one of the Barons of the Exche-
quer. In June, 1740, he was married to Catharine, daughter,
and one of the coheirs of Mr. Jonathan Fogg, Merchant, of Lon-
don, and niece to Sir John Barnard, Knt. alderman of London, by
whom he had issue, a son, Heneage, born January 7th, 1746-7,
married in 1/68, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Musgrave,
Bart.; and two daughters; Catharine, born July 27th, 1741,
married to Charles Chester, Esq. next brother to the first Lord
Bagot: and Ann, born Oct. 8th, 1742, and died July 30th, 1/52:
the said Heneage departed this life on Aug. 22d, 1759, and his
Lady on Nov. 12th following.

William Legge, third son, born Aug. 1st, 1/05, died in his
infancy.

The right hon. Henry Bilson Legge, fourth son, was born
March 29th, 1 7O8 : but of him afterwards, under the title of
Stawell.

Edward Legge, fifth son, born 171Q, was entered a volunteer
on board the Royal Oak, on May 31st, 1726, and constituted
Lieutenant of the Deptford man of war, on March 5th, 1733-4.
After a gradual rise, he was Commodore of a squadron in the

in PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

West-Indies, and died there in 1747,0 when he was elected mem-
ber of parliament for Portsmouth.

Robert, sixth son, died in his infancy.

Their noble father, William Earl of Dartmouth, who had be-
haved with the strictest honour and integrity, throughout the
whole course of his life, deceased at his house on Blackheath, in
Kent, on Dec. 15tb, 1 /50, in the seventy ninth year of his ags,
and was buried in the Trinity, Minories ; being succeeded in his
honours and estate by his grandson and heir,

William, second Earl of Dartmouth, who for his more
polite education, travelled through France, Italy, and Germany :
and, on his return to England, took the oaths and his seat in the
house of Peers, on May 31st, 1754. His Lordship was s r. orn of
His Majesty's Privy- council on July 26th, 1765 ; in August fol-
lowing, was appointed first Commissioner of Trade and Planta-
tions, which he resigned in 1766*5 in Aug. 1772, was appointed
Secretary of State for the Colonies 5 and on Nov. 10th, 1775,
Keeper of the Privy Seal, which he resigned in March 1782; and
on April 12th, 1783, was appointed Lord Steward of the House-
hold, which he resigned in December following.

His Lordship married on January 11th, 1655, Frances Catha-
rine, only daughter and heir of Sir Charles Gunter Nicholl,
Knight of the Bath ; and by her, who died July 24th, ] 805, had
issue eight sons and one daughter ; viz.

1. George, third Earl.

2. William, born Feb. 4th, 1757, died Oct. I91I1, 1784.

3. Charles Gunter, born May 18th, 1759, died October 11th,,
1785.

4. Heneage, born May 7th, 17G1, died at Weymouth, Sept.
2d, 1782; buried in the Trinity, Minories, London.

6. Henry, born Jan. 23d, 1765.

6. Arthur Kaye, born Oct. 25th, 1766; made a Post Captain
in the Navy 1793.

7. Edward, born Dec. 4th, 17^7, in holy orders, LL.D. Dean
of Windsor, and Registrar of the Order of the Garter.

8. Augustus George, born April 21st, 1773, in holy orders,
Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty, Rector of Wonslow, Hants;
and Vicar of Lewisham, Kent; married, Dec. 15th, 17^5, Ho-
nora Bagot, daughter of the late reverend Walter Bagot, bro-
ther to the first Lord Bagot, by whom he has issue.

• Brit. Parl.Reg. n. 1^7.

LEGGE EARL OF DARTMOUTH. 123

g. Lady Charlotte, born Oct. 5th, l/74j married, Sept. 24th,
1795, Charles Duncombe, Esq. of Duncombe Park, in Yorkshire,
and has issue. ;

His Lordship was also President of the London Dispensary;
Vice President of the Foundling and Lock Hospitals; Recorder of
Lichfield j LL.D. and F.R.S.

He died July 15th, 1801, and was succeeded by his eldest sony

George, third Earl of Dartmouth, born Oct. 3d, 1/55.
He was elected M. P. for Plymouth, 177S 3 and for the county of
Stafford, in 1783 ; was made one of the Gentlemen of the Bed-
chamber to the Prince of Wales, in May 1782; and Warden of
the Stannaries in 1789. In 1801, he was appointed President of
the Board of Controul; and in 1802, Lord Steward of the House-
hold, which he held till 1804.

His Lordship was called up by writ to the house of Peers, as
Baron Dartmouth, during his father's life, June 16th, 1801.

His Lordship married, on Sept. 24th, 1782, Lady Frances Finch,
sister to the present Earl of Aylesford, by whom he has had issue,.

J. Frances-Catharine, born 1783, died 1789.

2. William Viscount Lewisham, born Nov. 29th, 1784.

3. George, born J 786; died 178Q.

4. Louisa, born March 8th, 1787, married, Feb. 17th, 180/,
William Lord Bagot.

5. Heneage, born Feb. 9th, 1788.

6. Charlotte, born Feb. 12th, I/89. «

7. Henrietta, bora Sept. 7th, I7g0.

8. Barbara-Maria, born Nov. 29th, 1791.

9. Catherine-Charlotte, born and died 1793.

10. Georgiana-Caroline, born May 14th, 1?§5.

11. Mary, born June 3d, 1796.

12. Anne, born Aug. 14th, 1797.

13. Charles, born Jan. 26th, 1799.

14. Arthur-Charles, born June 25th, 1800.

His Lordship is Lord Chamberlain to the King, and an official

Trustee of the British Museum, K. G. F.R.A. and L.S.

it

Titles.'] George Legge, Earl of Dartmouth, Viscount Lewis-
ham, and Baron of Dartmouth.

Creations.'] Baron of Dartmouth, in Devonshire, by letters
patent, Dec. 2d (1682) 34 Car. II. Viscount Lewisham, in Kent,
and Earl of Dartmouth aforesaid, Sept. 5th (1711), 10 Queen
Anne.

124 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Arms.'] Azure, a Buck's Head, cabossed, Argent,

Crest.] In a ducal Coronet, Or. a Plume of five Ostrich lea-
thers, party per pale, Argent and Azure.

Supporters.] On the dexter side, a Lion Argent, semee of
Fleurs de Lis, Sable, and crowned, with the Crest. On the sinis-
ter, a Buck Argent, semee of Mullets, Gules.

Motto.] Gaudet tentamin* Virtus.

Chief Seat.] At Sand well-hall, in Staffordshire; and at Black-t
heath, in Kent.

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE. 125

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE.

Of this family, anciently seated in Berkshire, was John Bennet,
who, in 1433,a was returned among the Gentlemen of that county,
who made oath for the observance of the laws then made for
themselves and retainers.

In b All-hallows church, in Wallingford,c Berkshire, now en-
tirely pulled down, was a monument with this incription :

'* This is the monument of Thomas Bennet, of Clapcot, Esq.
who had issue Thomas Bennet, Knight, Citizen, and Alderman
of L<ondon, his third sonne, who gave twenty pounds yearly for
ever to fij "teen poor people of the town of tFallingford."

This Thomas Bennet, of Clapcot, Esq. had issue, by Anne hi*
wife, daughter of Molines, of Mackney, in com. Oxon,

Richard Bennet, his son and heir, and

Thomas Bennet, his third son, Sheriff of London, anno 1594,
and Lord Mayor in 1603, din which year, on July 24th, he re-
ceived the honour of Knighthood at Whitehall. He purchased
the manor of Bechampton, in the county of Bucks, in l60p, and
died 1626', leaving issue,- by Mary his wife, daughter of Robert
Taylor, Sheriff of London, 34 Eliz. three sons; Simon, Richard,
and John, which last died without issue j and two daughters j
Anne, married to William Duncomb, of Brickhill, in Bucking-
hamshire, Esq. and Margaret, to Sir George Crook, Knt. Justice
of the Common Pleas. Simon, the eldest son, seated at Bechamp-
fon, in Buckinghamshire, was created a Baronet, on July J7lb»

a Fullei'a Worthies In Berksh.
b Ex Collect. Greg. King. Lane. Fecial; but in Ashmole's Berkshire, it is
called S\ Mary's Church.

»/c Sir Thomas Hope, who died 1646, ancestor *»f Lord Hoptoun, married Eli-
zabeth, daughter of John Bennet, of Wallingford, Esq.

d Philpot's Cat. of Knightr, p. 25.

126 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1627, and was buried at Bechhampton, Aug. 22d, 1631, without
issue, by his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Arthur Inoram,
Knt. Richard, the second son, was an eminent merchant of
London, and had issue, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Wil-
liam Cradock, of Staffordshire, Esq. (after his decease, remarried
to Sir Heneage Finch, Knt. Recorder of London), Simon Bennet,
of Bechampton, in the county of Bucks, Esq, his son and heir
(as likewise heir to his uncle, Sir Simon, Bart.) who died d 20th
Aug. 1682, and is buried at Bechampton, leaving issue, by his
wife Grace, daughter of Gilbert Moorwood, of London, Merchant,
three daughters, his coheirs j viz. Elizabeth, married to Edward
Osborne, Lord Latimer, eldest son of Thomas Earl of Danby,
but died without issue; Grace, wedded to John Bennet, of Abing-
ton, in Cambridgeshire, Esq.j and Frances, espoused to James
Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, whose widow she died, July 8th, and
was buried July 15th, 1713, in the Church of St. Giles's in the
Fields, London.

I now return to Richakd Bennet, eldest son and heir of Tho-
mas Bennet, of Clapcot, first mentioned. He married e Elizabeth,
daughter of Thomas Tisdale, of Deanly, in the county of Berks,
Esq. and had issue,

1. Ralph, his son and heir, from whom those of Moreden, in
Surry, derive their descent 3

2. Sir John Bennet, Knt. ancestor to the present Earl of Tan-
kerville ;

3. Thomas, Alderman of London, Sheriff in 1613; who, dying
in 1622, left issue a daughter, f Rebecca, who married Sir Bul-
strode Whitlock, Knt. who was created Lord Whitlock, by O.
Cromwell, and two sons; whereof, Richard, the eldest, by his
first wife, left an only daughter, Jane, married to James Scuda-
more, eldest son and heir of John Lord Scudamore ; likewise, by
his second wife, had an only daughter, Dorothy, married to Sir
Henry Cape!, Knight of the Bath, created Lord Capel, of Tewks-
bury; but died in 1721, without issue. Thomas, the second son
of the said Thomas, was seated at Baberham, in Cambridgeshire,
and was created a Baronet, on Nov. 22d, \660; but this title be-
came extinct May 23d, 1701, by the death of Sir Richard Bennet,
Bart, who left an only daughter and heir, Judith, who died July

«t Willis's History of Buckingham, p. 146.
e Visitation of Surry, anno 1623, MS.
*" Lives of Lord Chancellors.

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE. 127

6th, 1713, aged twelve years and six months, and lies buried at
Baberham.

Sir John Bennet, Knt. second son of Richard Bennet, was
seated at Dawley, in the county of Middlesex, and was s created
on July 6th, 1589, Doctor of Laws, by the University of Oxford,
having been, in 1585, one of the Proctors there. He was after-
wards Vicar-general in spirituals to the Archbishop of York, and
Prebendary of Langtoft, in the church of York. In 42 Eliz. bearing
the title of Doctor of Laws, he was h in commission with the Lord
Keeper Egerton, the Lord Treasurer Buckhursr, and several other
Noblemen, for the suppression of heresy. He was also, in the
43d of that reign, returned to Parliament for the city of York;
and was a leading member of the house of Commons, as appears
from several of his speeches (as also conferences with the Lords),
in Townsh. end's Collections. He was also one of the learned
Council. in the Northern Court1 at York, in, 15 and 41 Eliz. and
1 Jac. I. from whom he received k the honour of Knighthood,
on July 23d, 1603, at Whitehall ; and in that reign, was ^nade
Chancellor to Queen Anne (consort of King James), Judge of
the prerogative court of Canterbury, and Chancellor to the Arch-
bishop of York. In 1617, he was sent Ambassador to Brussels,
to question the Archduke in behalf of his master the King of
Great Britain, concerning a libel wrote and published, as it was
supposed, by Erycius Puteanus, who neither apprehended the
author, nor suppressed the book, until he was solicited by the
King's Agent there ; only interdicted it, and suffered the author
to fly his dominions™ In 1620, being entitled Judge of the pre-
rogative court of Canterbury, he was in a special commission
with the Archbishop of Canterbury, and other Noblemen, to put
in execution the laws against all heresies, great errors in matters
of faith and religion, &c. And the same year, bearing the title
of Chancellor to the Archbishop of York, he was commissioned
with the Archbishop of York, and others, to execute all manner
of ecclesiastical jurisdiction within the province of York. This
Sir John Bennet, who died, A.D. 1627, in the parish of Christ-
church, London, married Anne, daughter of Christopher Weeks,

"■ »

g Wood's Fast. Oxon, Vol. I. p. 763.
h Rymer's Foci. Tom. XVII. p« 386. * Drake's Eboracum, p. 369.

k Philpot's Car. p. 13. , l Wood't Fast. Prsed.

m Woods Fast. I. 138, where it is recorded, that he was fined 20,000 i. and
deprived of bis place, for corruption, &c. See also Camden's Ann. Reg. Jac.
anno 162 1, 1622, 1

128 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

of Salisbury, in Wilts, Esq, j and by her n (who departed this life
on Feb. gth, 1601, and was buried in the cathedral of York, where
a monument is erected to her memory), had four sons, and two
daughters.

His eldest son and successor was Sir John Bennet, of Dawley.

Sir Thomas Bennet, Knt. second son, Doctor of the Civil Law,
and Master in Chancery, married, ° first, Charlotte, daughter of
William Harrison, of London, by whom he had two daughters
who died unmarried j but by his second wife, Thoma sine, daugh-
ter and coheir of George Dethick, Esq. Counsellor at Law, son of
Sir William Dethick, Garter King of Arms, son and heir of Sir Gil-
bert Dethick, he had issue Thomas Bennet, of Salthorp, in com.
Wilts, Esq. who married Martha, daughter of John Smith, of
Tidworth, in com. Southamp. Esq.; and had a daughter, Jane,
married to Sir Thomas Gerard, of Lamer, Bart. ; Matthew, third
son of Sir John Bennet, died unmarried.

And several other children, seated at Salthorp, in Wilts.

The eldest son, Sir John Bennet, of Dawley,P received the
honour of Knighthood in the lifetime of his father, at Theobalds,
on June 15th, 1616. He married Dorothy, daughter of Sir John
Crofts, of Saxham, in the county of Suffolk, Knt. by whom he
had issue six sons; John, his son and heir;

Henry, second son, created Baron of Arlington by letters patent
March 14th, 1663, Viscount Thetford, in the county of Norfolk,
and Earl of Arlington by Charles II. on April 22d, 1 6/2 ; he
was likewise Knight of the Garter, and Lord Chamberlain to the
King : he married Isabella, daughter of Lewis de Nassau, Lord
of Beaverwaert, and Count of Nassau, by whom he had issue an
only daughter and heir, Isabella, successor to her father's titles
according to the limitations in the several patents; which titles
are now enjoyed by his Grace the Duke of Grafton, by virtue of
his descent from this Lady, who, on Aug. 1st, 1672, became the
wife of Henry Fitz-Roy, natural son to King Charles II. after-
wards created Duke of Grafton, &c. The Earl of Arlington <i died
July 28th, 1685, aged sixty-seven j and was buried at Euston, in
Suffolk.

Robert, third son, who died without issue.

» Drake*! Eboracum, p. 5 1 1. ©Ex Collect. Greg. King. Lane. Fecial,

f Philpot's Cat. of Knights, p. ?».
1 See a full Account of Lord Arlington in all our histories; and in Clarendon's
Life ; and Burnet's Own Timei.

BENNET EARL OF TANKERV1LLE. ug

Charles, fourth son, who, marrying Anne, daughter of Richard
Wigmore, of Upton-court, in Herefordshire, Esq. had issue one
son, and two daughters.

Thomas, the fifth, and Edward the sixth son, both died issue-
less.

He had also two daughters; Dorothy, married to Benjamin Ba-
con, of London, Merchant : and Elizabeth, wedded to Sir Robert
Carr, ot Sleeford, in Lincolnshire, Bart.

Which John, first Peek, the eldest son of Sir John, was
made Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Charles II. and
-was Lieutenant, and afterwards Captain, of the Band of Pension-
ers, in that reign. And his Majesty taking into consideration r
the constant and faithful services performed to Charles I. his
royal father, of blessed memory, in the rebellious times; as also
to himself, by John Bennet, of Hariington, in the county of Mid-
dlesex, whom, at his coronation, he created Knight of the
honourable order of the Bath; in further augmentation of his
honour, uid, by letters patent, bearing date on Nov. 24th, 1682,
advance him to the degree and dignity of a Baron of this realm,
by the title of Lord Ossulston, Baron of Ossulston, the name
of one of the hundreds in the county of Middlesex. His Lord-
ship having been a Gentleman Commoner of Pembroke College,
Oxford, contributed largely towards the building thereof, and
gave a fellowship thereto. He sdied 1(388, in the seventieth year
of his age, leaving one son, and two daughters; and was buried
in Hariington church, in com. Middlesex ; whereof he was pa-
tron, and where a monument is erected to his memory. He
married two wives;1 1. Elizabeth, Countess of Mulgrave, daugh-
ter of Lionel Cranfleld, Earl of Middlesex; and, 2. Bridget,
daughter of John Howe, of Langar, in the county of Nottingham,
Esq. and sister to Scroop, Lord Viscount Howe, in Ireland : and
by the last had issue only, as above.

The son was Charles, who succeeded him in honoui and estate :

and the daughters were, Dorothy, who died unmarried; and An-

nabell, wedded to John Cecil, Earl of Exeter; she died in August,

1698, and was buried at St Martins, in Stamford, com. Line.

Which Charles, second Lord Ossulston, and firstEarl,

r ii Bill sign. 34. Car. II. ( s Inscrip. Tumuli apud Hariington.

1 Sir John Bennet, K. B. and Elizabeth, Countess of Mulgrave, were married,
28th October, 1661, at St. Andrew Undershaft, in Leadenhall Street, Ex. Par
Reg.

VOL. IV. K

130 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

took his place in the "house of Peers, on Dec. 12th, l6g5 ; nnd
was created Earl of Tankerville, by letters patent dated Oct.
19th, 17J4. On Dec. gth, 1/15, he was constituted, by his Ma-
jesty, Chief Justice and Justice in Eyre of all the forests, chases,
parks, and warrens, South of Trent : and on Feb. 27th, 1720-21,
was made a Knight of the most ancient and noble order of St.
Andrew, or the Thistle. In July, 1695, he married the Lady
Mary, only daughter of Ford, Lord Grey of Wark, Earl of Tan-
kerville, by his wife, the Lady Mary, fourth daughter of George
Earl of Berkeley : by which Lady, who died on May 31st, 1710,
he had issue four sons, and three daughters, viz.

Charles Earl of Tankerville; John, who died an infant, Henry,
and Grey, who died unmarried.

Lady Bridget, married May 26th, 1716, to John Wallop, Lord
Viscount Lymington, first Earl of Portsmouth, and died on Oct.
12th, 1738: Lady Annabella, wedded to William Paulet, E?q.
eldest son of the Lord William Paulet, and died his widow, No-
vember 1 769 j and Lady Mary, married, on Aug. 6th, 1729, to
William Wilmer, of Sywell, in com. Northampton; and died on
May 24th, 1729.

The said Charles, Earl of Tankerville, departed this life in the
forty-eighth year of his age, on May 21st, 1722, and was suc-
ceeded by Charles, his eldest son and heir.

Which Charles, second Earl of Tankerville, on Feb.
28th, 1728-9, was appointed one of the Gentlemen of the Bed-
chamber to his Boyal Highness Frederick Prince of Wales ; and
on May l6th, 1730, was invested with the ensigns of the most
ancient and noble order of St. Andrew, or the Thistle. In Sep-
tember, 1731, he was .appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the
Guards j and resigning this post, in 1733, was made Master of
the Buck-hounds. After which he was appointed, in June, 1737»
one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to the King, which he soon
after resigned. On May 1st, 1740, he was sworn Lord-Lieute-
nant of the county of Northumberland, and of the town and
county of Newcastle upon Tyne. His Lordship married Camilla,
daughter to Edward Colvile, of Whitehouse, in the bishopric of
Durham, Esq. after one of the Ladies of the Bedchamber to her
late Majesty Queen Caroline; and lastly to the Princess Augusta,
afterwards Princess of Brunswick; and by her Ladyship, who

u Journ. Dom. Proccr.

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE. 131

survived till October 9th, 1775, a?ed 105, he had issue two sons,
And one daughter. ,

J . Charles, Lord Ossulston ;

2, George, born in 1727, to whom his late Majesty was god-
father j and

Lady Camilla, married, on Jan, 11th, 1754, to Gilbert Fane
Fleming, Esq, son of Gilbert Fleming, Esq. She married, se-
condly, Qih Oct. 1779, to Mr. Wake, of Bath, in Somersetshire $
and died, Feb. 7th, 1785.

His Lordship was taken suddenly ill, on the road from Aldbo*
rough-hatch, in Essex, to London, on March 14th, 17-53 5 and,
notwithstanding all possible assistance, died the same night. To
him succeeded Charles Lord Ossulston, his eldest son.

Which Charles, third Earl of Tankerville, had all ad-
vantages of education, and set out on his travels in May, 1734 j
and whilst abroad, was made an Ensign in the third regiment of
Foot-guards, in October, the same year. In 1736, he returned to
England, and on Sept. 1st, 1739, ,a company in General Went-
worth's regiment of foot was conferred on him. In 1740, his
Lordship embarked in the expedition to the West-Indies, under
the command of John Lord Cathcart j and being with his Ma-
jesty's forqes before Carthagena, was at the attack of Fort St.
Lazarre, on April 2d, 1741 ; and behaving with great intrepidity,
he was, on the 30th of the same month, constituted Major of the
regiment commanded by Colonel Cotterell. On April 11th, 1743,
his Majesty was pleased to appoint him Lieutenant colonel, with
the command of a company in the first regiment of Foot-guards j
in 1748, he was elected Knight of the shire for the county of
Northumberland, and on succeeding his father, he took his place
in the house of Peers, on March 28th, 1753.

His Lordship married, on Sept. 23d, 1742, Alicia, third daugh-
ter, and coheir of Sir John Astley, of Pateshull, in Staffordshire,
Bart, by whom he had issue three sons, 1. Charles-Bennet, the
present Earl of Tankerville j

2. John Grey Bennet, who died an infant : and,

3. Henry-Astley Bennet, born on April 3d, 1757» a Lieutenant-
general in the army, and first Lieutenant-colonel of the 85th Re-
giment of Foot.

His Lordship had also two daughters ; viz. Lady Camilla-Eli-
zabeth, born March 22d, 1 746-7, married, in 1764, Count Dun-
hofF, a Polish Nobleman ; and was left a widow, September 6th.,
J 764.

132 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

2. Lady Frances- Alicia married, first, William Aslong, Esq. ;
secondly, in 1781, Rev. Richard Sandys 5 thirdly, Rev. Edward
Beckingham Benson, Rector of Deal, in Kent, since deceased.

His Lordship died October 27th, 1767* and was succeeded by
his eldest son,

Charles, fourth and present Earl of Tankerville,
who was born Nov. 15th, 1743, and married Oct. 7th, 17/1, by
a special licence, at Gatton, in Surrey, to Emma, youngest daugh-
ter and coheir of the late Sir James Colebrooke, of London, Bartr
by whom he has issue Charles-Augustus, Lord Ossulstou, born
April 28, 1776, married July 28, 1806, Mademoifelle de Gra-
mont, daughter of the Duke de Gramont, and granddaughter of
the Duke de Polignac. He is M. P. for Knaresborough ; and
held the office of Treasurer to his Majesty's Houfliold during the
late short administration;

2. Henry Grey Bennet, born Dec. 2, 1777 > and in 1S06, was
elected M. P. for Knaresborough.

3. John Astley Bennet, born Dec. 21, 177S> a Captain in the
Navy.

4. Lady Caroline, born Oct. 2, 1772, married 1795, Sir John
Wrottesley, Bart.

5. Lady Anna, born April 28, 1774, married July 18, 1804,
the Rev. William Beresford, youngest son of the Archbishop of
Tuam.

6. Lady Margaret Alicia Emma, born May 21, 1780.

7. Lady Mary Elizabeth, born March 24, 1783.

8. Lady Augusta Sophia, born Nov. 27, 1787*

His Lordship, on April 13, 1 782, was appointed Joint Post-
master General, and was sworn of the Privy Council, Sept. 2,
following 5 but resigned his office April 10, 1783, and was again
appointed during the short administration of the following
year.

Titles. Charles Bennet, Earl of Tankerville, and Baron of
Ossulston.

Creations. Baron Ossulston, of Ossulston, in com. Middlesex,
Nov. 24th (16S2), 34 Car. II. Earl of Tankerville (a castle in
the duchy of Normandy), Oct. 19th (1714) 1 George I.

Arms. Gules,, a Bezant between three Demi-Lions, rampant,
Argent.

Crest. On a wreath, a scaling-ladder, Or ; which is an ancient
crest of the Grey family : but sometimes they used the following

BENNET EARL OF TANKERVILLE. 133'

— On a wreath j a Demi-Lion, rampant, Argent, the head,
Gules, holding in his paws a Bezant; and sometimes out of a
mural coronet, Or, a Lion's head, Gules, charged with a Bezant
on his neck.

Supporters. Two Lions, Argent, each charged on its shoulder
with a Bezant, and crowned ducally, Or.

Motto. Haud facile Emergunt.

But his Lordship now chuses the motto of his great grand-
father, Ford Lord Grey, Earl of Tankerville, viz.

De box Vouloir servir le Roy.

Chief Seats. At Chillingham castle, in Northumberland j and
Dawney Court, in Buckinghamshire.

134 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

FINCH EARL OF AILESFORD.

I am now to treat of Heneage Finch, Lord Guernsey, Earl of
Ailesford, second son of Heneage, Earl of Nottingham : which
Heneage, Earl of Ailesford,a after his education in Christ church,
in Oxford, was entered in the Inner-Temple, for the study of the
laws j wherein he was such a proficient, that, on Jan. 13th, 16/8,
heb was constituted his Majesty's Solicitor-general; from which
office he was removed by James II. on April 21st, l68fj.

He was afterwards the principal of those eminent counsel who
pleaded in behalf of the seven Bishops, who were tried on June
29th, in Trinity-term, 16'88, for refusing to authorise the reading
King James's declaration for abrogating the test and penal laws,
and on that account were committed to the Tower. On which
occasion c Mr. Finch argued strenuously against their commit-
ment, and the power of the King in dispensing with the laws
mentioned in that declaration : and that the Lords the Bishops
could not in prudence, honour, or conscience, so far make them-
selves parties to it, as the solemn publication thereof in the time
of divine service (as they were commanded), must amount to.

He was elected, for the University of Oxford, to that Parlia-
ment which met at Westminster, on March 6th, lfj/S-f); and
returned a member for the borough of Guilford, in Surry, to that
which met on May lQth, 10S5.d Also chosen for the University
of Oxford, in the Convention Parliament; and in all the subse-
quent Parliaments whilst he continued a Commoner, except in
the 10th of Will. III. when, by reason of his ill state of health,
he declined being elected.

» Wood's Athenae Oxon. Vol. II. p. 540. '• Dugdale's Chrori. Series.

c Trial of ths seven Bishops. «* Will Vs Nor.tia Pari. M.S.

FINCH EARL OF AILESFORD. 135

In August, 1702, the 1st of Queen Anne,e he was chosen to
compliment her Majesty on the part of the University, on her
coming to the city of Oxford j and in consideration of his great
merits and abilities/ was created Baron of Guernsey (an island
on the French coast belonging to the county of Southampton), by
letters patent dated on March 15th, 1702-3,^ and was sworn of
the Privy-council,h on the 20th.

On the accession of George I. he was created Earl of Ailes-
ford, by letters patent, dated Oct. 19th, 1714; being the same
year constituted Chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, and sworn
of the Privy council. Which office his Lordship resigned on
Feb. 29th, J 715-16. .And departing this life on July 22d, 17ICJ,
was buried at Ailesford in Kent.

His Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter and one of the co-
heirs of Sir John Banks, of Ailesford, in the county of Kent, Bart.
By her Ladyship, who died Sept. 1st, 1743, he had issue nine
children.

I0 Lady Elizabeth, who was married to Robert Benson, Lord
Bingley. and died on Feb. 20 th, 1757* aged eighty.

2. Lady Mary, who died unmarried in Feb. 1734 5.

3. Lady Anne, married to William Earl of Dartmouth, died
30th Nov. 1751.

4. Heueage, second Earl of Ailesford.

5. The lion. John Finch, who was returned member for the
borough of Maidstone, to the Parliament summoned to meet on
May 10th, 1722 j also chosen in the succeeding Parliaments to
the time of his decease. On April 30th, 1/2(5, he married Eliza-
beth, daughter and heir of John Savile, of Methley-hall, in York-
shire, Esq. and deceasing on Jan. 1st, 1739 40, left issue (by her,
who died Oct. 28th, 1767), a daughter Mary, and one son, Savile
Finch, Esq. married to Judith, daughter of John Fullerton, of
Dorsetshire, Esq. He was member of Parliament for Maidstone,
1755, and for Mai ton, 1761, 17O8, 1774, 178O; which he va-
cated immediately after, to make way for Edmund Burke.

6. Lady> Martha died unmarried in Jan. 1/C0.

7. Lady Frances, married, on Oct. 1 6th, \yiQt to Sir John
Bland, of Kippax-park, in com. Ebor. Bart, and died 1759.

8. The hoii. Henry Finch, who died on July 15th, J75J3 un-
married.

c Annals of Q^.?en Anne. f Pat. 2 Queen Anne.

& S;t Buret's O. T. H. 34<. h Pointer*! Chron. p. 485.

136 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

g. Lady Essex deceased, unmarried, 1744.

Heneage, second Earl of Ailesford, was constituted
Master of the Jewel-office, on June 11th, \J 11, and continued
in the same place under George I. till he voluntarily resigned it,
when his father quitted his place of Chancellor of the duchy of
Lancaster. His Lordship, whilst a Commoner, was elected one
of the Knights for the county of Surry, in the 9th and 12th years
of Queen Anne; also in the first year of her successor, till he
succeeded his father in 1 7 1 9. And having married Mary, daughter
and heir of Sir Clement Fisher, of Packington, in com. Warw.
Bart, had issue one son, and four daughters j Heneage, late Earl
of Ailesford ; Lady Anne ; Lady Mary,1 married to William,
Lord Viscount Andover, son and heir of Henry Bowes, Earl of
Suffolk and of Berkshire; Lady Elizabeth; and Lady Frances,
married, on April 2d, I7-il> to <\r William Courtenay, of Pow-
derham-castle, in Devonshire, afterwards created Viscount Cour-
tenay, and died December 19th, 1751. His Lady, the Countess
of Ailesford, died at Bath, in May, 1740; and he himself, on
June 29th, 1757.

His Lordship's son and successor, Heneage, THtRD Earl
of Ailesford, was born November, 1715, elected, in 1739,
one of the Knights for the county of Leicester; and in the suc-
ceeding Parliament, 1741, and in 1754, was chosen for Maid-
stone in Kent. His Lordship was LL.D. He married, on October
6th, 1750, Lady Charlotte Seymour, youngest daughter of Charles
Duke of Somerset, by his second wife, the Lady Charlotte Finch,
daughter of Daniel Earl of Winchelsea and Nottingham; and by
her was father of eight sons.

1. Heneage, his successor.

2. Charles, born June 4, 1/52, of Voylas, Derbyshire, elected
M. P. for Castle Rising, 1/74, and for Maidstone, 1777; married,
December 28th, 1778, eldest daughter- and coheir of Watkin
Wynne, Esq. of Denbighshire, by whom he has a son, born Fe-
bruary, 17 80.

3. William Clement, born May 27th, 1758, an Admiral in
the Navy, seated at Albury, in Surry, elected M. P. for that
county, 1790; and died in September, 1794; married, August
2d, 1789, Miss Brouncker of St. Christophers, by whom he had
five children; viz. a son, who died an infant, in February, 1 70 1 j

i Lately deceased.

FINCH EARL OF AILESFORD. 137

William j Mary; Heneage; and a daughter, born September,
] 794. His widow is remarried.

4. Lady Charlotte, born May 13th, 1754; married, August
14th, 1777, Henry Howard, twelfth Earl of Suffolk and Berks.

5. Edward, born April 26th, 1756, who has represented the
town of Cambridge in six Parliaments; is a Groom of the King's
Bedchamber, and a Lieutenant General in the Army, and Major
of the Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards.

6. Daniel, B. D. Prebendary of Gloucester, born April 3d,

7. Seymour, born June 11th, 1758, died February 2d, 1794.

8. Henry- Allington, born February 26th, 1761, died Novem-
ber 19th, 178O. ,

9. Lady Frances, born February 9th, l/6l; married, Septem-
ber 24th, 1782, George, present Earl of Dartmouth.

10. Lady Maria Elizabeth, born October 7th, 1766} and died
December 19th, 1793.

1 1. Lady Henrietta Constantia, born June 3d, 1769.

His Lordship died at his house in Grosvenor Square, May 9th,

1 yyy ; and his Countess on and was succeeded by his

eldest son, ,

Heneage, present and fourth Earl of Ailesford, born
July 13th, 1751. "While a Commoner, he represented the bo-
rough of Maidstone in Parliament. In December 1777* he was
appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber, which he resigned in 1783,
when he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard.
Which office he retained till 1804; when he was nominated Lord
Steward of the Household. He is also Judge of the Marshalsea
Court, and a Trustee of the Brtish Museum.

He married, November 18th,1781, Louisa Thynne, daughter of
the late Marquis of Bath; by whom (who died Jan. l6th, 1797)
he has had issue two daughters, who died infants.

3. Charles Lord Guernsey, died July 18th, 1784.

4. A daughter, born January 31st, 1785.

5. Lord Guernsey, born February 23d, 1789, M. P. for

Weobley.

6. A son, born 1792.

7. A son, born 1795; a Midshipman on board the Tigre man
of War, &c. &c.

Titles. Heneage Finch, Earl of Ailesford, and Baron of

Guernsey. '

135 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Creations. Baron of Guernsey, in com. Southampt. by letter*
patent, bearing date on March loth, 1702-3, and Earl of Ailes-
ford, in Kent, October 19th, 1/14, 1 George I.

Arms. Argent, a chevron between three griphons passant sable.

Crest. On a Wreath, a Griphon passant, Sable.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a Griphon, Sable, gorged with
a ducal Collar, Or; and on the sinister, a Lion of the second,
ducally gorged, Azure.

Motto. Aperto viverk voto.

Chief Seats. At Ailesford, in the county of Kent j at Albury,
in the county of Surry j and at Packington, in the county of
Warwick.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 139

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL.

1 he surname of Hervey, or Harvey, written anciently with Fitz
(i. e. son of Harvey), is derived from Robert Fitz-Harvey, a
younger son of Harvey Duke of Orleans, who is recorded among
those valiant commanders,* who accompanied William the Con-
queror in bis expedition into this kingdom, in 10d6, and were
rewarded by him with lands, &c.

This Robert Fitz-Harvey had several sons; one of them,b Ro-
bert, writing himself Son of Hervey, gave lands to the Abbot of
Abington, which Henry I. confirmed. Likewise, in the same
reign lived Hervey,0 who, being Bishop of Bangor, was translated
to the bishopric of Ely, and made the first Bishop of that see,
1109, wherein he sat twenty-two years, departing this life on
August 30th, 1131.

Of the same lineage was Count Hervey, a Briton, a famous
soldier/ and Governor of the castle of the Devizes, in the reign
of King Stephen, which he held out against the Earl of Glou-
cester, and powerfully assisted that king in bis wars with Maud,
the Empress j but was at length forced to retire beyond the seas
with a few attendants.

After him was Hervey de Yuon, who married a daughter of
William Goieth, that died in his journey to the Holy Land.e
Which Hervey delivered certain castles in France unto Henry II.

* Stow's Anna's, edit. 1614. p. 104, 107.
k Mon. Anjj. Vol. II. p. 106. c Goodwin's Cat. of B'.shops, p. zoi

* 4 Tyrrel's Hist, of Eng. Vol.1, p. 69.

«• Hdlinshcd's Chron. Voi, III. p. 75.

140 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

despairing to keep them against Theobald Earl of Chartres, who,
by aid of the French King, sought to dispossess him in 1169. He
afterwards accompanied King Henry in his conquest of Ireland,
as appears by the roll collected by William Camden, in his ob-
servations of Ireland.

Our genealogists agree, that Henry was son of the said Harvey
de Yuon ; and I find his name among other persons of note, who
were witnesses to Roger de Clare's grant to Rievaulx- Abbey/ in
com. Ebor. in 1190, being styled Hen. fil. Harvei. This Henrys
embarked for the Holy Land with Richard I. who, in that ex-
pedition, subdued the isle of Cyprus, restored to the Christians
the city of Joppa,h and in many battles put the Turks to flight.
He was held in much esteem by King John, as' appears by his
grant to him of the forestership of New-forest, Achilles Garth,
and other lands, Ry his wife, Alice, daughter to Henry, son of
Ivo, he had issue,

Osbert de Hervey,k who held lands in Helnfestune, as is evi-
dent by the register of the monastery of St. Edmundsbury, fol.
174. b. and being styled son of Hervey,1 is mentioned as one of
the King's Justices at Norwich, with Roger le Bigot, in the 3d
year of the reign of Richard I. as also m one of the Justices itine-
rant at Huntingdon, on the octaves of the Assumption of the
Virgin Mary, the same year ; and fines were levied before himn
to the octaves of St. Martin, in the 7th of King John, when he
departed this life, leaving issue by his wife, Dyonisia, daughter of
JefTery de Grey, Adam, his son and heir, under age.

Which Adam de Hervey was in ward to Henry III. and by
his appointment (as was usual in those times), was married to
•Juliana, daughter of John de Fitzhugh, by whom he had issue

John de Hervey, his son and heir, who, by marrying Joan,?
daughter and heir of John Harman, or (as others) Hammon, of
Thurley, in Bedfordshire, became pc ^essed of that lordship, which
he made his principal residence : and departed this life in 21 Ed-
ward I. (i leaving issue,

1. John, his son and heir.

f Mon. Ang. Vol. II. p. 7*1
g Segar's Baronagium, MS. in Stem, hujus Fam.
* Stow's Annals, p. 159. i Ex Evid. Fam.. penes Joh. Com. Bristof.

k Apparatus Geneal. MS. in Bibl. Harlcy, p. 636. I lb. p. 746.

n» Mon. Ang. Vol.11, p. 854. « Dugdale's Origin. Jurid. p. 41.

0 Segar praed. p Ibid. <l Ex Stemmate praed.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 141

And, 2. Peter/ from whom the Herveys of Northamptonshire
are descended.

Which John Hervey, of Thurley, Esq. taking to wife Marga-
ret, daughter and heir of Sir John de Nernuytt, of Burnham, in
com. Bucks (son of Thomas de Nernuytt/ by Alice his wife,
daughter and heir of Thomas Buckland, of Buckland, in com.
Devon), did thereby greatly increase his inheritance, which de-
scended to his son and heir,

John Hervey, who married Margery, daughter of Sir William
Colthorpe. Knt. And in 1386, was * elected Knight of the shire
for the county of Bedford, in the Parliament then held. In 4
Henry IV. he was authorised," with Sir William de Roos, Sir
Richard de Grey, and others of great note, to treat with Owen
Glendowr, and his council, and to conclude with him, what they
should conceive most expedient to be done, for the redemption
of Reginald Lord Grey, of Ruthyn, then prisoner with the said
Owen. And the King, on December 8th, 1404, x grants licence
to Gerard Bray broke, Knt. John Hervey, and others, to found a
Collegiate-church at Northill, in Bedfordshire (in the room of
the parish-church there), to celebrate divine service for the souls
of Sir John Traylly, Knt, and Reginald his son, deceased. The
Lady of Sir John Hervey survived him, and being after wife to
Sir John Argentine, died in the 5th year of Henry VI. She had,
by y her first husband,

1. Sir Nicholas Hervey, slain at the battle of Tewksbury, on
May 4th, 1471, fighting on the part of Prince Edward, son of
Henry VI. as also,

2. Thomas Hervey, of Thurley, Esq. who married Joan,
daughter to William Paston, one of the Justices of the Kind's
Bench (ancestor to the late Earl of Yarmouth), by whom he had
issue

John2 Hervey, of Thurley, Esq. who, in 146l, had a a grant
from the King, of the Office of Master of his Ordnance, with the
wages of two shillings a day for himself, and six-pence a day for
his clerk j and six-pence a day for his other servants in the said
office. He took to wife Christian, daughter of John Chichley,

» MS. St. George praed. 8 JekylPs Lib. Baron. MS. p. 225.

* Pryn's 4th Part of a Brief Reg. p. 502.
« Pat. 4 Henry IV. p. 1. m. 28. & Rot. Pari. 4 Henry IV. n. 13.
x Mon. Ang. Vol. IIT. p. 141. 7 Stow's Annate) p. 424.

a Visit, de Com. Stiff, in Bibl. Harley, Not. 5. B. 11.
* Claus. 1. Edward IV. m. 1.

142 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Archbishop of Canterbury, founder of All-Souls college, in Ox-
ford, and Cardinal of St. Eusebius. From that marriage proceeded
several sons and daughters, viz.

1. Johp Hervey, of Thurley, Esq.

2. John Hervey, junior, Esq. who married Margaret, daugh-
ter and heir of William Wickham, relict of William Fines, Lord
Say.

3. Edward Hervey.

4. Richard Hervey.

Isabella, a nun at Ellstoe, in Bedfordshire; Anne, Christian,
Alice, Margery, and Florence.

John Hervey, of Thurley, Esq. (son and heir of John), was
wedded b to Alice, daughter of Nicholas Morley, of Glind, in
Sussex, and left issue two sons.

1. George.

And, 2. Thomas Hervey, ancestor to the present Earl of
Bristol.

Also a daughter, Isabel ; first married to Thomas AtclifTe ; se-
condly, to John Leigh, of Addington, in Surrey, Esquires ;c she
died January 8th, 1544, and lies buried at Addington.

George Hervey, the eldest son, succeeding at Thurley, was
twice d Sheriff of the counties of Bedford and Buckingham, viz.
in 24 Henry VII. and 8th of Henry VIII. He had a brave spirit,
and signalized himself in several martial exploits, particularly at
the sieges of Teroven and Tournay, and in that battle, which our
historians call the Battle of Spurs, from the swiftness of the
French in running away,c on August 1 6th, 1513. For his valiant
behaviour in these actions, he was knighted by Henry VIII. on
October 13th, after his entrance into Tournay. In 1520, he was
retained to attend his Sovereign f into France, with one chaplain,
eleven servants, and eight horses, in his retinue; in which year
there was a meeting/ first, of the Emperor Charles V. who came
over into England, and was received by the King at Dover; and
afterwards, of the Kings and Queens of England and France, at
a camp between Guisnes and Ardes ; and likewise with the same
Emperor, and his aunt the Duchess of Savoy, at Graveline and
Calais.

b Vistt. dc Com. Surf, praed. c Aubrey's Hist, of Surrey, Vol. II. p. 57.

d Fuller's Worthies in Com. Bedford, p. 124.
* Nom. Equit. in Bibl. Cott. Claudius, c. iii. p. 91. and Jekyll's Cat. of
Knights, p. 24.

f MS. not. b. 5. in Bibl. Joh. Anstis. S Stow's Annals, p. $to>

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 143

This Sir George Hervey's last will and testament bears date on
April 7th, 1520, which was just before his intended voyage j but
he did not depart this life t'rll six years after, as should seem h by
the probate thereof, dated on May 8th, 1526. " He orders his
body to be buried in the parish church of Thurley, or in the mo-
nastery of Elmstow, if he should decease there; and that a marble
stone, of the price of four marks, should be laid over the bodies
of John Hervey and his wife, one of the daughters and heirs of
Sir John Nernuytt, Knight, who lie there buried; Also, that his
executors cause the image of our Lady, that standeth within the
chancel cf Thurley, to be painted, and provide a new tabernacle
to set her in ; and that they find an honest priest for the space of
twenty years in the said church, to pray for the souls ef his father
and mother, and others his friends.

" He further directs his executors to uphold his manor-place
of Thurley ; and bequeaths to them for the performance of his
will, all his manors, lands, and advowsons, in the counties of
Huntingdon, Bedford, Bucks, Oxon, and Hertfordshire. Pie
wills his lands in Fleetmarston, to Margaret Smart, for the term
of her life, remainder to Gerard her son,1 and the heirs male of
his body : and in default thereof, to his nephew John Hervey, of
High worth, Esq. He also bequeaths his manor of Thurley to
the said Gerard, when he arrives at the age of twenty-five years,
provided he marries by the advice of his executors, Sir William
Parr, Knight, John Hervey, and John Lee, Esquires; and ap-
points supervisors of his will, Sir Henry Gray, Knight, Sir Ed-
mund Bray, and William Paston, Knights.

Sir George married k Elizabeth, daughter of John Stamford, by
whom he had an only child, Joan, married to Arthur Walton ;
but it may be presumed she died before her father, and without
issue, as she is not mentioned in his will.

From the said Gerard, who took the name of Hervey, and was
elected for the town of Bedford, to the Parliaments in the l first
of Edward VI. as also in the reign of Philip and Mary, and was
knighted,"1 descended the Herveys of Thurley, in the county of
Bedford. His descendants continued at Thurleigh till the death
of John Hervey, Esq. in 1715."

h Ex Regist. vocat. Ayloofe, qu. 3. in Cur. Proerog. Cant.

* Of course, Sir George's illegitimate son.

k Peerage of England, by the Rev. Mr. Jacob.

' Willis's Not. Pari, in eod. Com.

m Visit, ds Com. Essex in Bibl. Harley, not. 90. a. 13.

■ Lysons's Mag. Brit. I. 140 j who adds, that they had previous^ sold this

144 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

But the chief heirs male of the family are the Herveys of
Highworth, or Ickworth (as it is now written), descended from
Thomas Hervey, only brother of Sir George Hervey, beforemen-
tioned : he served Henry VIII. in his wars, and was °one of the
council of the city of Tournay, under Sir John Russell (after Earl,
of Bedford), the Governor, at the time of the delivery of it to
the French King, Francis I. in 15\g. He acquired the manor
of Ickworth, and other possessions, by marriage with Jane, daugh-
ter and heir of Henry Drury, of Hawsted and Ickworth, &c. Esq.
(Which manor of Ickworth anciently belonged to a family of the
same name, whereof Thomas Ickworth made his will the Thurs-
day after St. John Baptist, in 1373, and was a benefactor to the
repair of the church of Ickworth, to the monks of Thetford, the
brethren of Thetford, and the brethren of Bakewell; and left
issue Agnes de Ickworth, his daughter and heir, who was mar-
ried to Drury, of Hawsted.) The said Jane, surviving him,

was, secondly, married to Sir William Carew; and at length de-
parted this life on July 2d, 1525, and was buried at St. Mary's
Church in St. Eclmundsbury, in Suffolk: by her first husband she
had issue

John Hervey, Esq.? executor and administrator to the last
testament of his uncle Sir George Hervey, in 18 HenryVill. who,
dying without issue, was succeeded by his brother,

William Hervey, of Ickworth, Esq. who took to wife Joan,
daughter of John Cocker, of Amptop, in the county of Suffolk ;
and departing this life August 1st, 1538, was buried in the middle
isle of St Mary's church in St. Edmundsbury, as appears by this
inscription :

Pray for the Soule of William
Harvye, Esq. Obiit 1 Aug. 1538.

He had issue several sons and daughters; viz. 9 Elizabeth,

married to Gibbes, of Sudbury ; Jane, to Vynners ;

and Margaret, to Pratt.

1. John, ancestor to Lord Bristol.

2. Sir Nicholas.

3. Francis.

And, 4. Anthony.

manor, in 1708, to Sir John Holt; of which family it was purchased in 1 790, by
the Duke of Bedford.

o Strype's Memorials of Henry VIII. Vol. I. p. 7.
P Ex Regist. Aylosf. praed, 1 Visit, of Suffolk, anno 1561.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 145

Sir Nicholas Hervey, second son, was of the privy-chamber
to Henry VIII. and so much in his favour, that, in 1520, he was
one of those Gentlemen * who were appointed to furnish the
days of justs, when the King, and seven he had appointed, chal-
lenged the French King, and as many on the part of France ; on
which occasion feats of arms were performed for thirty days, at
a camp between Guisnes and Ardres. Likewise, in 18 Hen. VIII.
when the King, for the entertainment of the French Ambassa-
dors, had appointed a solemn just, hes named Sir Nicholas for
one of the challengers ; and he is styled the Valiant Esquire -, for
he received the honour of Knighthood after this, and was Henry
VIII. 's Embassador in the Emperor's court at Ghent, in the 23d
of his reign. Having married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas
Fitz-Williams, Knt. and widow of Sir Thomas Maleverer, he
had issue

Sir Thomas Hervey, who was Knight-marshal to Queen Mary,
and left only two daughters j of whom, Eleanor married William
Worsley, of the Isle of Wight, Esq.

But Sir Nicholas, by his second Lady,u Bridget, daughter and
heir of Sir John Wiltshire, of Stone-castle, in Kent, Knt. relict
of Sir Richard Wingfield, of Kimbolton-castle, in Huntingdon-
shire, Knight of the Garter, had issue

Sir George Hervey, of Markshall, in Essex, Lieutenant of the
Tower, from whom the Herveys of Markshall descend.

But Henry Hervey, Esq. was eldest son of Sir Nicholas by his
last Lady, and taking to wife Jane, daughter of James Thomas,
of the county of Glamorgan, Esq. had issue x Frances, married to
Thomas Evelyn, and Elizabeth, to Christopher Raynel, Esquires ;
also

William, his son and heir, who distinguished himself on
several occasions j and for his eminent services, was at length
advanced to the dignity of a peer of this kingdom, by the title of
Lord Hervey, of Kidlrook.

He first signalized himself in 1588/ in the memorable engage-
ment of the Spanish armada, wherein he was principally con-
cerned in boarding one of the Spanish galleons, killing the captain,
Hugh Moncada, with his own hands. • He was 2 afterwards
knighted, on June 27th, 15Q6, with many other persons of note,

r Stow's Annals, p. 509. 8 Hall's Chron. fol i$$. b.

1 Ibid. fol. 200. u Visit, de Com. Essex, praed.

x MS. St. George, praed. 7 Baker's Chron. ad edit. p. ^44,. b,

z Stow'* Ann. p. 77$.
VOL. IV. L

14(5 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

who had valiantly behaved in taking the town and island of Cales
(or Cadiz), and the year following, embarking a again with the
Earl of Essex, and Walter Raleigh, was present at the taking of
the town of Fyal. In l600,b he commanded one of the Queen's
ships, and brought succours to the Lord-president of Munster,
then reducing the rebels in Ireland, who were in expectation of
assistance from the Spaniards. He staid some time in that king-
dom, and behaved himself in several actions with great bravery and
conduct: c particularly with seventy foot and twenty-four horse,
he defeated one hundred and sixty foot and eighteen horse of the
rebels, killing and taking sixty of them, without the loss of one
man. He was also very serviceable at the siege of Kinsale (pos-
sessed by the Spaniards in 1(501), and on the surrender thereof,
on January 9th, 1001-2, he was sent to take possession of the
castles of Dunboy, Castlehaven, and Flower, pursuant to the ca-
pitulation. Being afterwards made Governor of Carbry, from
Ross to Bantry, he took in Cape-clear castle, and performed many
successful acts, till the rebels were entirely reduced.

For which services King James advanced himd to the dignity
of a Baronet, on May 31st, 1619, and e the year following created
him a Peer of the kingdom of Ireland, viz. Baron of Ross, in
com. Wexford, by letters patent, dated August 5th, 1620. Lastly,
1 By reason of his eminent services at home and abroad, both in
the times of King James and King Charles I. as well in council
as in the wars, and other foreign expeditions," (as the patent f ex-
presses), he was created a Baron of this realm, by the title of Lord
Hervey, of Kidbrook, in the county of Kent, on February 7th,
1627-8. He first took to wife Mary, relict of Henry Wriothesley,
Earl of Southampton, and daughter of Anthony Brown, Viscount
Montacute, by whom he had no issue: they were married in
1597, as appears & from a letter to Sir Robert Sidney, dated from
court, on Friday, May 20th, that year. He, secondly, married,11
on February 5th, 160/, at Cripplegate church, London, Cordelia,
daughter and coheir of Brian Annesley, of Lee, in Kent, Esq. by
whom he had three sons; William, slain in the German wars j
John, who died in ireland 5 and Henry, who died young : also

* Brown's Hist, of Q. Eliz. p. 181. * Cox's Hist, of Ireland, p. 426.

c Ibid. p. 431, 443, 446, 451. i Pat. 17 Jac. I.

c Pat. 1 8 Jac. I. f Pat. 3. Car. 1. p. 6.

g Sidney State Papers, Vol. II. p. 53.

h Ex Regist. Eccl. Paroc. de Cripplegate.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 147

three daughters ; Dorothy, who died unmarried, February 19th,
1692, and was buried at St. Martin's in the Fields, London; and
Helen, who also died unmarried ; and Elizabeth, who became
his sole daughter and heir, and was wedded to John Hervey, of
Ickworth, Esq. hereafter mentioned. This Lord Hervey, depart-
ing this life in June, 1642,' was buried with great solemnity on
July 8th following, in St. Edward's chapel, in Westminster abbey,
and his titles became extinct.

I now return to John Hervey, of Ickworth, Esq. eldest bro-
ther of Nicholas, grandfather to the said Lord Hervey. Which
John took to wife Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Pope, of Mil-
den-hall, in com. Surf. Esq. and k departing this life on July 11th,
1556, was succeeded at Ickworth by William, his eldest son :
but he had, besides the said William, a numerous issue, viz.

1 John, second son.

Nicholas, third son.

Clement and Thomas, fourth and fifth sons, and twins.

Robert, sixth son.

Christopher, eighth son.

And John, ninth son.

Also six daughters: Jane, married to — - — Minshull ; Eliza-
beth, to Thomas Rogers; Mary; Anne, wife to Robert Risley, of
Tilton 3 Ursula, married m to Henry Vesey, of Iselham, in Cam-
bridgeshire, Esq. ; and Bridget, wedded to John Wroth; secondly,
to John Spayney, of Tunstal, in Norfolk.

William Hervey, Esq. eldest son, was born in u 1509, and
having taken to wife Elizabeth, daughter of John Poley, of Box-
ted, in com. Suffolk, Esq. departed0 this life on November 2d,
1592, and was buried at Ickworth. He had three daughters;
Ursula, who died young; Elizabeth, married to William Haward,

of St. Edmundsbury, Esq. ; and Bridget, married to Collins,

of the same town ; as also five sons.

1. John Hervey, his successor at Ickworth.

2. Francis Hervey, ?of Great Bardfield, in Essex, who married
Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Nevil, of Holt, in Leicestershire,
(by Clara, daughter and coheir of Ralph Nevile, Esq. of Thorton-

i Ex Regist. de Coll. Eccl. Westminster,
k Cole's Esc. iib. ii. p. 118. MS. in Bibl. Harley.
Visit, de Com. Suffolk, praed. m MS. g. 18. p. 5. in Coll. Arm.

u Ex Script, penes Joh. Com. Bristol. ° Ibid,

p MS. St. George, praed.

148 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Bridge, co York), relict of Henry Smith/ of Cressing Temple,
in Essex, Esq. (which Lady died in 15Q2, and is buried at Wit-
ham, in Essex), and had (besides other children) John, of Bard-
field j who, by Ann, daughter of Richard Turpin, of Bardfield,
had a daughter, Priscilla, who married William Serle, of the Park
Gate, in Bardfield} she died 1052, and was buried at Bardfield.

3. William.

4. Ambrose.

And, 5. Thomas. *

Jomn Hervey, Esq. was born in the year 1555} and by his
wife, Frances, daughter and coheir of Edmund Booking, of Rock-
ing, in Essex, Esq. who died before him, on February 22d, 1623,
had issue two sons -f
* 1. William.

And, 2. Robert.

As also three daughters ; Frances, who deceased in 1619 J Eli-
zabeth, who also died unmarried on April 22d, 1623 j and Mary,
espoused to Giles Allington, of Horseheath, in Cambridgeshire,
Esq. and departed this life on September 4th, 1626.

This John Hervey lived to the seventy-fifth year of his 1 age,
deceasing in 1630, and was succeeded by his son and heir,

William Hervey, who was knighted at Whitehall, on April
30tb, 1608, and married Susan, daughter of Sir Robert Jermyn,
of Rushbrook, in com. Suff. Knt. (grandfather to Sir Henry Jer-
myn, Earl of St. Albans), on r Sunday, March 21st, 1613-14, in
St. Mary's church, St. Edmundsbury; on which day of the month
and week he was born in the same town, in 1585. In 1618, he
was in commission s to survey Lincoln's-inn-Fields, and to cause
such uniform and comely buildings to be erected, and^such walks,
partitions, and plots to be made, both for health and pleasure, as
they should approve of. In the 3d1 of Car. I. he was elected to
Parliament for St. Edmundsbury ; but being in years, lived after-
wards retired from public business, without concerning himself in
the civil wars, and departed this life on September 30tb, 1660.
His first Lady dying" on February 6th, 1037, he married, second-
ly, Penelope, daughter of Thomas Darcy, Earl Rivers, relict, first,

P By some authorities called Thomas. He was son of John Smith, Baron of
the Exchequer.

<3 Ex Script, penes Joh. Com. Bristol.

r Ex Autog. penes Joh. Com. Bristol.

* Rymer's Feed. torn. XVII. 119,120.

t MS. de Pari, penes, B. Willis, Arm. u Ex Autog. praed,

UERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 149

of Sir George Trenchard, of Wolverton, in Dorsetshire ; and,
secondly, of Sir George Gage, of Firle, in Sussex, Bart, j but had
issue only by his first wife, viz.

His first child, still-born at St. Edmundsbury, on April 17th,
1614, and buried in the chancel of St. Mary's church in the same
town.

2. Judith, born at his house in Southgate-street, in St. Ed-
mundsbury, on April 20th, \6l5, married to James Reynolds, of
Bumsted, in Essex, Esq. and died on July 12th, 1679.

3. John, who succeeded his father.

4. Anne, born at St. Edmundsbury, on April 9th, 1018, and
died on December 12th, 1619.

5. William, born at St. Edmundsbury, on Whitsunday, May
15th, 1619, and died at Cambridge, on September 23d, 1042. He
was fellow-collegian with Mr. Cowley, in that University, who
bemoans his death in an excellent copy of verses,x the most cele-
brated in all his works j which, however, Dr. Johnson most un-
justly depreciates.

6. Mary, born at Ickworth, on May 22d, 1620, married to Sir
Edward Gage, of Hengrave, in com. SufF. Bart, and died on July
13th, 1054.

7. Susan, born at Ickworth, July 14th, 1621, was second wife
to Sir Thomas Hanmer, of Hanmer, in Flint, Kn.t. and Bart.

8. Kezia, born at St. Edmundsbury, November llth, l622j
married to Thomas Tyrrel, of Gipping, in com. SufF. Esq. and
died November 22d, 1659.

9. Catharine, born at St. Edmundsbury, January 24th, 1023,
and died January 16th, 1625.

10. Thomas, born in Northgate-street, St. Edmundsbury, May
25th, 1625, will be mentioned hereafter, being ancestor to the
present Earl of Bristol.

11. Nicholas, born at St. Edmundsbury, July 12th, 1627, died
March 22d, 1629. And,

12. Henry, born at St. Edmundsbury, June 18th, 1631, and
died September 8th following.

John Hervey, the eldest son of Sir William, was born at Ick-
worth, his father's seat in Suffolk, on Sunday, August 18th, 1616,
and had all the advantages of education, which he improved by
travelling, and polite conversation. Robert Sidney, second Earl
of Leicester, who was Ambassador in Denmark, and France, and

x Bp. Spratt's Life of Cowley.

150 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and one of the most learned Noble-
men of the age, formed such a judgment of Mr. Hervey's accom-
plishments, that while he was Ambassador in France, he enter-
tained him in his house as a companion, as appears from a letter
of his Lordship dated at Paris, on December 22d, 1(530, to Sir
John Coke, Secretary of State, of what passed at his audience;
telling him/ " he will receive it by Mr. Hervey, a Gentleman
who hath bestowed his company upon me, ever since I came out
of England." The friendship between him and the Earl of Lei-
cester was very remarkable, as the letters past between them
shew. Mr. Hervey from London, on January 12th, 1 6*52/ tells
his Lordship, " It was more than sixteen years, that he had the
honour to be his Lordship's, by all the best titles that any thing
is possest, you having for every day in that time, given more than
a valuable consideration for me ; and I having every minute of
those days voluntarily resigned myself to you, so that the whole
power in me, and over me, has for thus long absolutely remained
in your Lordship, &c."

The Earl of Leicester, from Penshurst, on January 20th, sent
the following complimentary answer; which shewing how much
he was esteemed by him, as also his great worth and excellencies,
in justice to his memory I insert it.

" SIR/
" Take heed what you give or acknowledge to have given me,
for though I confess it is just to restore, and that you are worthy
of any thing that can be given you, yet if the gift be of yourself,
I shall never consent to the revocation of it, nor be persuaded to
restore yourself to you again ; for I shall esteem my property in
you more than the brevets or letters patents of Kings, or the
donation of Constantine ; and you shall be but a usu-fructuary of
yourself. Or if in the time of my possessing you, I employ not
my interest so far as your favour would admit me, it is for fear
of increasing that debt, which already is grown too great for me
to pay, or recompense in all my life, and can never be discharged
by heirs, executors, or assigns. You have no way to rescue or
help yourself but by my incapacity j for how liberal soever the
donator be, it is but an offer, and not a gift, unless the donatory
be capable of receiving it, which I acknowledge I am not ; and

y Sidney State Papers, Vol.11, p. 68o. * Ibid.

» Ibid, ut actca, p. 68 1.

HERVEY EARL OF RRISTOL. 151

therefore against my will you must in a manner be free still. But
though I seem to let you loose because I have not roome fit to
receive you in, nor bands worthy to hold you with ; for all my
merit is not better than the line of a cobweb, yet I will do my
best to detain you ; that is, by an exchange of myself for your-
self, which is unequal, I confess, but I have no more; if I had I
would make the bargain better for you. And howsoever I may
seem to gain another advantage by this exchange, because I have
told you I will not part with you on any terms ; and you have so
little reason to value me, that it is likely enough you Would give
me myself again for asking, and so might remain mine, and I not
yours: yet I assure you that I mean no such matter j but I like
my condition so well, that I am resolved to be ever i

Yours, &:c.

LEYCESTER."

Having heartily concurred in the restoration of Charles II. he
was constituted Treasurer of the Household to Queen Catharine,
his consort; and was in the peculiar esteem of his Majesty, and
in the greatest intimacy with the most ingenious, as well as
greatest men in the kingdom. In Parliament, he was one of the
leading members ; and Bishop Burnet relates of him, " That he
wasb one whom the King (Charles II.) loved personally, and yet,
upon a great occasion, he voted against that which the Kirag de-
sired. So the King chid him severely for it. Next day another
important question falling in, he voted as the King would have
him. So the King took notice of it at night, and said, you were
not against me to-day. He answered, No, Sir, I was against my
conscience to-day." He was a particular favourer of men of let-
ters; and the famous Mr. Cowley ,c by his recommendation, was
taken into the service of his kinsman, Henry Earl of St. Albans,
Lord Chamberlain of the Household to Charles II. and was his
great patron. This Mr. Hervey married Elizabeth, daughter and
sole heir of William Lord Hervey , of Kidbrook, before mentioned;
but dying without issue, on January 18th, l6'79, ms estate Re-
volved on his only surviving brother,

Sir Thomas Hervey, who was knighted by Charles II. and
elected for St. Edmundsbury to the three last Parliaments d in that
reign, and to all others during the remainder of his life. He

b Hist, of hit Own Timet, p. 38$. c Bp. Spratt's Life of Cowley.

* MS. deParl. wasd.

\5Z PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

shewed himself, in all parts of life, one of the best of men; and
was particularly remarkable for his piety, chas'. :y, charity, and
other Christian and moral virtues, whereby he was in the esteem
of all that fcnew him j and died on May 27th. 1694, aged seventy,
and was buried with his ancestors at Ickworth.

He married, in 1658, Isabella, daughter of Sir Humphry May,
Vice-chamberlain of the Household to Charles I. which Lady
died on June 5th, l6&6j they had issue,

1. William Hervey, eldest son, born on October 31st, lrjfjl,
and died on June 14tb, 1663.

2. John Hervey, who was created Earl of Bristol.

3. Thomas, born on January 13th, 166S, who betaking him-
self to a military employmeut, served in Ireland under King Wil-
liam j and dying at St. Edmundsbury, on December 29th, 16Q5,
was buried at Ickworth.

Isabella, born August 23d, 1 659, was married to Gervase Elwes,
son and heir of Sir Gervase Elwes, of Stoke, in com. Suffolk,
Bart, j Elizabeth, born on September 16th, 166O, and died on
February 1 8th, 16/3 ; Kezia, born on April 24th, 1664, married
to Aubrie Porter, of St. Edmundsbury, Esq.

John Hervey, first Earl of Bristol, was born on August
27th, 1665, and married on November 1st, l6sQ, Isabella,
daughter and sole heir of Sir Robert Carr, of Sleeford, in com.
Line. Bart. Chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, and of the
privy-council to Charles II. He was elected for St. Edmunds-
bury, in that Parliament which first met in the 2d of William
and Mary, and was chosen for the same place in all succeeding
Parliaments called by King William 3 as also in that of the first
year of Queen Anne. Having distinguished himself in the house
of Commons, he was, for the nobleness of his extraction, the an-
tiquity of his family, and his many eminent virtues, advanced to
the dignity of a Baron of this realm, by the style and title of
Lord Hervey,c of Ickworth, in the county of Suffolk, by letters
patent, bearing date March 23d, in the 2d year of the reign of
Queen Anne. And having strenuously asserted the succession of
King George I. to the crown of these realms, was, in considera-
tion thereof, and his many eminent qualities, created Earl of
Bristol, on October 19th, 1714.

His Lordship had two wives ; Isabella, before mentioned, by

* Burnet'* O. T. II. 344. His wife had previously tried for the Barony of
Mvtoard pf tfaldtn.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 15$

whom he had issue two daughters, and one son, Carr Lord Her-
vey, born on September 17th, l6gi, who was educated at Clare-
hall, in Cambridge j and as soon as he came of age, was elected
to Parliament for the borough of St. Edmundsbury, as also in the
first Parliament called by George I. and wss of the Bedchamber
to his late Majesty, when Prince of Wales. He died unmarried
at the Bath, where he went for the recovery of his health, on
Thursday, November 15th,. 1723.

Isabella, eldest daughter, died unmarried in November 1711;
and Elizabeth, second daughter, of whom her mother deceased in
childbed, on March 7th, l(X)2-3, died an infant.

In 1695, his Lordship married Elizabeth, sole daughter and
hVir to Sir Thomas Felton,f of Playford, in the county of Suffolk,
Bart. Comptroller of the Household to her Majesty Queen Anne,
by Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of James third Earl of Suffolk;
and by her (who died on May 2d, 1741, having been one of the.
Ladies of the Bedchamber to her late Majesty Queen Caroline,
and had served her in the same station when Princess of Wales),
had issue eleven sons, and six daughters ; viz.

1. John Lord Hervey, of whom I shall hereafter treat.

2. Thomas, born on January 20th, 169S, who was a member
in three Parliaments for the borough of St. Edmundsbury, and
was one of the Equerries to her late Majesty Queen Caroline.
Also on May 23d, 1738, constituted Superintcndant of all his Ma-
jesty's gardens of every his royal palaces,& &:c. He departed this
life 10th January, 1775, having married, in 1744, Anne, daugh-
ter and heir of Francis Coghlene, Esq. counsellor of law, of the
kingdom of Ireland, who died 27th December, l/6l, in Bond
Street, and had issue by her one son, William-Thomas Hervey.

3. William, born on December 25th, 1699, Captain in his
Majesty's navy 5 and on November 27th, 17^9, married to Eli-
zabeth, daughter of Thomas Ridge, of Portsmouth, in com.
Southamp. Esq. which Lady died in child-bed, on July 13th,
1730, of a daughter, named Elizabeth.11 He died in January,
1776.

4. Henry, born on January 5th, 1700, who was a Cornet in
the Lord Mark Ker's regiment of dragoons j and on March 2d,
1 730, was married to Catherine, eldest sister and heir to Sir Tho-

f G. 7 — 14. Har. Coll.
8 Well known for his genius and eccentricities. See his Letters, to Sir Thcmaa
Hanmcr.

k Living single in- London, 1800.

154 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

mas Aston, of Aston, in com. Cest. Bart!1 Whereupon, soori
after he went into holy orders, was Doctor of Divinity, and took
the name of Aston j as did his son, Henry Hervey-AsTON, who

was seated at Aston ; married daughter of Dicconson,

of Lancaster, Esq. and had one son, Henry Hervey- Aston, Lieu-
tenant-colonel 12th Foot, who was unfortunately killed in a duel
with Major Allen, at Madras, December 23d, 1/98 j having mar-
ried, on September l6th, 1789, the Hon. Miss Ingram, daughter
of the late Viscount Irwin ; and three daughters, the youngest of
whom died at Aston in August 1776 ; another married Colonel
Hodges of Oxfordshire.

5. Charles, born on April 5th, 1703 (twin with a daughter,
Henrietta, who died young), was D. D. Rector of Sprowton and
Shot ley, in Suffolk, and Prebendary of Ely, died at Ely, March
21st, 1783. He married, on December 31st, 1743, Martha-
Maria Howard, daughter of — — Howard, of St. Edmundsbury,
in Suffolk, Esq.

6. A son, still-born on July 6th, 1704.

7. James- Porter, who was born on June 24th, 1706, and died
unmarried.

8. Humphrey, who was born on June 3d, 1708, and died soon
after.

9. Felton, who was born on July 3d, 1710, and died on the
16th following.

10. Felton, born on February 12th, 1711-12, member in two
Parliaments for St. Edmundsbury, was one of the Equerries to
her late Majesty j and in December, 1737, was appointed Groom
of the Bedchamber to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cumber-
land. He died August 18th, 1775 j having been married to Do-
rothy, daughter of Solomon Ashley, Esq. and relict of Charles
Pitfleld, Esq.; by her, who died on November 8th, 1761, had
issue three daughters j Emily, Caroline, and Elizabeth j and a
son, Felton-Lioncl Hervey (constituted with him, Joint-Remem-
brancer of the court of Exchequer in England, on February 17th,
1759) ; he was a Lieutenant in die Horse Guards, and married,
2d March, 1779, Selina, only child of the late Sir John El will,
of Exeter, Bart. He died the 9th September, 1785. One of his
sons is Major of the 14th Dragoons. His widow remarried Wil-
liam-Henry Freemantle, Esq.

11. James, born on March 5th, 1712-13, who died unmarried.

1 Sir W.lloughby Airtm inherits -this title collaterally.

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. is*

His first daughter, Lady Elizabeth, was married to the Hon.
Bussy Mansel, Esq. son and successor of Thomas Lord Mansel*
and died in the twenty-ninth year of her age, on December 23d,
1727, without issue.

2. Lady Anne, who died at Bury, unmarried, July 15th, 177 1.
3. Lady Barbara, died unmarried, on July 24th, 1727. 4. Lady
Louisa -Carolina Isabella,11 who was married on September 23d,
1731, to Sir Robert Smith, of Smith-street, in the city of West-
minster, Bart, j and, 5. Lady Henrietta, died in August, 1732.

His Lordship departed this life on January 20th, 1750-1, and
was succeeded in his honours and estate by his grandson and heir,
George -William, son and heir of John Lord Hervey, his eldest
son.

Which John Lord Hervey, born on October 15th, \6g69
was, in consideration of his great merits, called up by writ to the
house of Peers, as Lord Hervey, of Ickworth, and took his
place on June 12th, 1733, according to his father's creation. His
Lordship was chosen one of the members for St. Edmundsbury,
in the first Parliament called by our late sovereign ; and on May
6th, 1730, was appointed Vice-chamberlain of his Majesty's
Household, and two days after, sworn of his most honourable
Privy-council. On May 1st, 1740, his Majesty having been
pleased to deliver the custody of the Privy-seal to his Lordship,
the oath of Keeper of the Privy-seal was administered to him at
St. James's, and his Lordship took his place at the Council-board
accordingly. On May 12th following, he was nominated one of
the Lords Justices for the administration of the government, du-
ring his Majesty's absence.

Coxe, in his Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole, I. 3(52, gives the
foMowing account of him :

" He came first into Parliament soon after the accession of
George I. was appointed Vice-chamberlain to the King in 1730$
in 1733 was created a Peer 5 and in 1740 was constituted Lord
Privy Seal, from which post he was removed in 1742. He died
in 1743. He took a considerable share in the political transac-
tions of the times j and was always a warm advocate on the side
of Sir Robert Walpole." Tindal ■ has observed, " That history
ought to repair the injuries that party has done to some part of

k She died nth May, 1770, ag?d fifty-five, and lies buried under a black
stone, ia West-Ham church, in Ess^x, near her husband and his family:

* Vol. XX. p. 83.

156 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

his character." And, in fact, it is necessary; for never was a man
more exposed to ridicule, and lashed with greater severity, than Lord
Hervey has been exposed and lashed by the satirical pen of Pope.
If we may credit the Satirist, who has delineated his character
tinder the name of Sporus, he was below all contempt ; a man
wfthout talents, and without one solitary virtue to compensate
for the most ridiculous foibles, and the most abandoned pro-
fligacy.

<c Let Sporus tremble. — What, that thing of silk,

Sporus, that mere white curd of asses milk ?

Satire or sense, alas ! can Sporus feel ?

Who breaks a butterfly upon a wheel ?

P. Yet let me flap this toy with gilded wings ;

This painted child of dirt, that stinks and sings*

Eternal smiles his emptiness betrayt,

As shallow streams run dimpling all the way.

Whether in florid impotence he speaks,

And, as the prompter breathes, the puppet squeaks)

Or at the ear of Eve, familiar toad,

Half froth, half venom, spits himself abroad,

Amphibious thing ! that acting either part,

The trifling head, or the corrupted heart 5

Fop at the toilet, flatt'rer at the board,

Isfow trips a lady, and now struts a lord.

Eve's tempter thus the Rabbins have exprest,

A cherub's face, a reptile all the rest;

Beauty that shocks you, parts that none can trust;

Wit that can curse, and pride that licks the dust."

However I may admire the powers of the Satirist, I could
never read this passage without disgust and horror; disgust at
the indelicacy of the allusions, horror at the malignity of the
Poet, in layingthe foundation of his abuse on the lowest species
of satire, personal invective; and what is still worse, on sickness
and debility. The Poet has so much distorted this portrait, that
he has in one instance made the object of his satire, what ought
to have been the subject of his praise ; the rigid abstinence to
which Lord Hervey unalterably adhered, from the necessity of
preserving his health. Lord Hervey having felt some attacks of
the epilepsy, entered upon, and persisted in a very strict regimen;
and thus stopt the progress, and prevented the effects of that
dreadful disease. His daily food was, a small quantity of asses

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 157

milk, and a flour biscuit ; once a week he indulged himself with
eating an apple : he used emetics daily.

" To this rigid abstemiousness Pope malignantly alludes, when
he says, " The mere white curd of asses milk." In short, I agree
with the ingenious editor of Pope ; " Language cannot afford
more glowing, or more forcible terms, to express the utmost bit-
terness of contempt. We think we are reading Milton against
Salmatius. The raillery is carried to the very verge of railing j
some will say ribaldry. He has armed his muse with a scalping
knife." May we not ask with the same author, <( Can this be the
same nobleman whom Middleton, in his Dedication to the His-
tory of the Life of Tully, has so seriously, and so earnestly praised,
for his strong good sense, his consummate politeness, his real
patriotism, his rigid temperance, his thorough knowledge and
defence of the laws of his country, his accurate skill in history,
his unexampled and unremitted diligence in literary pursuits, who
added credit to this very history, as Scipio and Ladius did to that
of Polibius, by revising and correcting it (as he expresses it), by
the strokes of his pencil ?" May we not also ask, is this the no?
bleman who wrote some of the best political pamphlets which
appeared in defence of Walpole's administration ? who, though
sometimes too florid and pompous, was a frequent and able speaker
in Parliament; and who, for his political abilities, was raised to
the post of Lord Privy-seal ? In truth, Lord Hervey possessed
more than ordinary abilities, and much classical erudition: he
was remarkable for his wit, and the number and appositeness of
his repartees.

" Although his manner andLfigure were, at first acquaintance, y^c^Aa
highly forbidding, yet he seldom failed to render himself, by hi$ ,fi
lively conversation, which Pope called,

" The well whip'd cream of courtly common sense,"

an entertaining companion to those whom he wished to con-
ciliate. Hence he conquered the extreme prejudice which the
King had conceived against him; and from being detested, he
became a great favourite. He was particularly agreeable to Queen
Caroline; as he helped to enliven the uniformity of a court, with
sprightly repartees, and lively sallies of wit.

•? His cool and manly conduct in the duel with Pultency, proved
neither want of spirit to resent an injury, or deficiency of courage
in the hour of danger ; and he compelled his adversary to respect
his conduct, though he had satirized his person.

I.3« PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

<{ His defects were, extreme affectation, bitterness of infec-
tive, prodigality of flattery, and great servility to those above

him.

*' Horace, Earl of Orford, has given a list of his political writ-
ings, in the Catalogue of Royal and Noble Authors ; and amongst
the Orford Papers, are draughts of several of those pamphlets which
were submitted to Sir Robert Walpole. Some are corrected by
him j in others, the minister made considerable additions. See
Warton\s Pope, Vol. IV. p. 44, 45, 46. Opinions of Sarah, Du-
chess ef Marlborough, article Lord Hervey."

His Lordship married, on October 25th, 1720, Mary, daughter
of Brigadier-sfeneral Nicholas Le Pell, then one of the Maids of
honour to Caroline, Princess of Wales. He had issue by her, who
departed this life, September 2d, 1/08, four sons.

1. George-William, born on August 31st, 1721, second Earl
of Bristol.

2. Augustus-John Hervey, the third Earl of Bristol.

3. Frederick, fourth Earl.

4. William, born May 13th, 1/32, who was Member in two
Parliaments for St. Edmundsbury; a General in the Army.

John Lord Hervey had by the same Lady four daughters.

1. Le Pell, born in January 1722-3, married Constantine first
Lord Mulgrave, and was found dead in her bed, 9th March, 178O,
at her son's house in the Admiralty.

2. Lady Mary, born in 1726, and married George Fitz-Gerald,
Esq of Ireland 5 and died 1753, leaving issue.

3. Lady Emily Caroline Nassau, unmarried.

4. Lady Caroline, also unmarried.

His Majesty, by warrant dated June 6th, 1753, granted to the
said surviving daughters, to enjoy respectively the same place,
pre-eminency, and precedency, in all assemblies and meetings, as
daughters of an Earl of Great Britain \ as if their father had lived
to enioy the dignity of an Earl of the kingdom. He departed
this life, aet. forty-seven, August 5th, 1/43, and was suc-
ceeded in the title of Lord Hervey, of Ickworth, by his eldest
son,

George William, who was born on August 31st, 1721, and
succeeded his grandfather, as second Earl of Bristol, on Ja-
nuary 20th, 1731. His Lordship, by his grandmother, on the
death of Henry Howard, tenth Earl of Suffolk, became joint heir,
(with Elizabeth, second wife of John, first Earl of Portsmouth),
to the said Earl of Suffolk's estate, also to the Barony of Wal»

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 159

Pen. His Lordship was one of the six Supporters of the pall, at
the funeral of Frederick, Prince of Wales; on June 17th, 1758,
he was nominated Ambassador extraordinary to the Court of Spain,
where he proved himself a Minister of great vigilance, capacity,
and spirit, particularly with relation to the Family Compact be-
tween the houses of Bourbon; which being ratified September
8th, 1761, his Lordship left Madrid, December 17th, following,
without taking leave; and in the next month war was declared
between Great Britain and Spain.

His Lordship was likewise one of His Majesty's Privy Counsel-
lors. On September 26th, 1766, was declared Lord Lieutenant
of Ireland ; November 2d3 1/68, he was appointed Keeper of the
Privy-Seal, which post he resigned January 29th, 177°> upon
being made Groom of the Stole, and first Lord of His Majesty's
Bedchamber; which places he held till March 18th, \775> when
lie died unmarried, set. fifty-four, and was succeeded by his next
brother,

Augustus-John, third Earl of Bristol, who was bora
May 18th, 1724; and chusing a maritime life, was, after passing
through the subordinate stations, appointed Captain of one of his
Majesty's ships of war, on January 15th, 1746-7; and on every
occasion, exerted himself as a vigilant, skilful, and brave officer,
particularly in several engagements during the last war, whereby
he merited the notice of his sovereign, and was deservedly ad-
vanced to the rank of Vice-Admiral of the Blue squadron of his
Majesty's fleet. At the general election, in 1761, he was returned
one of the Members for St. Edmundsbury, but vacated his seat in
April 1763. upon accepting the Commission of Colonel of the
Marines in the Plymouth division. In November following, he
was nominated one of the Grooms of his Majesty's Bed-chamber,
and was soon after elected Representative in Parliament for the
Borough of Saltash. At the general election in 1 768, he was
chosen for St. Edmundsbury, also re-chosen to the next Parliament;
and on January 26th, 1771* was appointed one of the Lords of
the Admiralty.1" His Lordship died at his house in St. James's
Square, the 22d December, 1779) aet. 56. His successor was his
brother

m His marriage with Miss Chudleigh ; and her subsequent marriage with the
Duke of Kingston in his lifetime, which produced her memorable trial, 1776, are
will known. The Duchess retired to the continent, and died there in August
1788.

i<50 PEER/VGE OF ENGLAND.

Frederick, the fourth Earl, born in August 1/30, and,
having entered into holy orders., was made one of his Majesty's
Chaplains in Ordinary, and a principal clerk of the Privy Seal,
which he resigned, in February \7§7> upon being promoted to
the bishoprick of Cloyne, in the kingdom of Ireland 5 from
which he was translated to that of Derry, January 30th, 1768 ;
his Lordship was a Privy Counsellor of that kingdom, and D. D.
he married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Jermyn Davers,n Bart, by
whom he had two sons,

1 . George, Lord Hervey, a Captain in the navy, and Ambassador

at Florence, 1787-1794, married Elizabeth, the daughter of

Drummond, Esq. of Quebec, and died January 10th, 1796, leav-
ing an only daughter and heir, Elizabeth-Catherine-Caroline,
who married, August 2d, 1798, Charles Rose Ellis, Esq. and
died in January 1603, leaving the present Charles- Augustus Ellis,
who, in July 1803, succeeded his great grandfather as Lord
Howard of Walden.

2. Frederick William, present Earl.

3. Lady Mary, married, February 22d, 1776> John Creighton,
Earl of Erne, and has issue.

4. Lady Elizabeth, married in 1776, John Thomas Forster,
Esq. and has issue.

5. Lady Theodosia, married, March 25th, 1795, Robert Banks
Jenkinson, now Earl of Liverpool.

- His Lordship died July 8th, 1803, and was succeeded by his
second, but eldest surviving son,

Frederick William, fifth Earl of Bristol, born 14th June,
1769* who, while a Commoner, represented St. Edmundsbury in
Parliament j and, in 1801, was Under Secretary of State in the
Foreign Department, to his brother-in-law, Lord Hawksbury.
He married, in 1798, Elizabeth Albana Upton, daughter of the
late Lord Templetown, by whom he has issue,

1. William Lord Hervey.

2. George, born June 8th, 1804.

3. William, born, October , 1805.

Titles. Frederick-William Hervey, Earl of Bristol, and Ba-
ron Hervey, of Ickworth.

Creatiojts. Baron Hervey of Ickworth, March 23d (1703), 2
Anne; and Earl of Bristol, October 19th (1714), 1 George I.

* S'ster and heir to the 'ate Sir Charles Davers, Bart. *

-flic ccirCi-* *rf JZ*^rtr+> rf£*~ Z . ffosiJ*?' /fc**^y£^c_
^ fti^t/e* *-*y U**sG> /^^ <//^++^* <^^, 4&*^£±^

/i+^<S &<~c+<. <ZjC^>M} &/t*^Cxr') & M^ <*C<^*e^

y£^V /t^<^0~£> C&tmL-C^n.^ facY" ^^7^ 4*^*1^ ^cr

* I v*

HERVEY EARL OF BRISTOL. 161

Arms. Gules on a bend Argent, 3 trefoils slipt vert.

Crest. On a wreath, a Leopard passant proper Bezantee, du-
cally gorged and chained d)r, and holding a trefoil in his paw-
proper.

Supporters. Two Leopards sable, Bezantee, ducally collared
and chained, Or.

Motto. Je n'oublibray jamais.

Chief Seat. At Ickworth Lodge, in Suffolk.

Vol. iv. - H

162 . PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

COWPER EARL COWPER.

John Cowper, of Strode, in the parish of Slingfeld, ia the count/
of Sussex,a in the 6th year of Edward IV. married Joan, daughter
and heir of John Stanbridge, of Strode aforesaid; which Joan,
by her deed dated at Ewhurst, June 5th, 1465, 6th Edward IV.
by the name of Joan, late wife of Stephen Brode, grants to Ri-
chard Furst and Richard Briggs, her lands, rents, and services, in
the parishes of Okley, Ewhurst, and Cranley, in the county of
Surry; of her inheritance; who, in order to her marriage with
the beforementioned John Cowper, reconveys the same to the
Lord Maltravers, John Bourchier Lord Berners, Sir John Aud-
ley Lord Audley, and Thomas St. Leger, Esquire of the King's
body.

This Joan also survived the said John Cowper, Esq. and was
afterwards married to Robert Aucher, Esq. of Westwell, in
Kent.b

By the said John Cowper, her second husband, she had issue
John Cowper, of Strode, Esq. who by his wi e Mary, daughter
of Chaloner, of Sussex/ had issue three sons;

1. John, who died unmarried.

2. Robert Cowper, Esq. from whom the Cowpers of Strode d
descended. And

3. William Cowper, the ancestor of the present Earl Cowper.
Which William Cowper was father of another

» Chart. 6 Edward IV. and MS. Account of this Family, by Peter Le Neve,
Norroy.

b Segar"s Baronage, MS. c Ibid.

d It strikes, however, the present Editor's memory, that these Cowpers of
Strode bore different arn.s.

COWPER EARL COWPER. 163

William Cowper, who married Margaret, daughter of Tho-
mas Spencer, e of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London, and one of the
church-wardens of that parish, in 34 Henry VIII. by whom he
had issue

John Cowper, Esq. of St. Michael's, Cornhill, London, one of
the Sheriffs of that city fanno 1551, s and Alderman of Bridge-
ward. He died on June 3d, 16OQ, and was buried in St. Peter's,
Cornhill, under a monument erected to his memory.11 By his wife
Elizabeth, daughter of John Ironside, of the county of Lincoln,
Gent, he had issue iflve sons and four daughters i 1. John, who
died without issue.

2. William, ancestor to the present Earl.

3. Edward, who died without issue : as did Richard, another
son.

5. Nicholas, who married Margaret, daughter of Robert
Bourne, of Bobingworth, in Essex, Esq.

Frances, eldest daughter, died young; Elizabeth, second
daughter, married, first, to Thomas Carryl, Esq. third son to Sir
— — Carryl, of Sussex, Knt.j and, secondly, to John Jaques,
father of Sir John Jaques, Bart.j Catharine, third daughter, was
wife of John Tey, of Layer de la Hay, in Essex, Esq. ; and Ju-
dith, the younger, was married to Richard Bourne, of London,
third son of William Bourne, of Bobingworth, in Essex, Esq. 9
and, secondly, to Thomas Hill, of Fulham, in Middlesex, Esq.

Sir William, his second son,k born on March 7th, 1582, suc-
ceeded to his estate, and being seated at Railing-Court, in Kent,
was first created a Baronet of Nova Scotia, and afterwards, on
March 4th, 1641-2, created a Baronet of England ; and knighted
at Theobalds, March 1st following.1 He was Collector of the
imposts on strangers in the port of London j and for his loyalty
to Charles I. was imprisoned in Ely-house, in London, with John
his eldest son, who d»ed under his confinement. But Sir William
Cowper outlived all his troubles -, and residing at his castle of
Hertford, was famed for his hospitality, charity, and other Chris-
tian virtues,"1 often visiting his poor neighbours at their houses,

c Sow, p. 2I3. f Ibid, p. 584. t Jbid. p. 23Q.

h Ibid. p. 215. * Ex Scemmate. * Ibid.

J H ! is memorable for having erected in the church of Bishopsbourne, near his
teat of Ratting Court, in Nonington, Kent, a monument, in 1633, to the cele-
brated RrcKARD Hooker, inscribed with verses signed W. C. Sec Walton's
Lives, by Zquch, pp. 246. 264.

*n Chauncey's Hertfordshire, p. 2^4.

164 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and relieving them in private, according to their necessities. He-
died on December 20th, 1664, aged eighty-two years ; and wai
buried in the cloister of St. Michael's church, in Corn-hill, Lon-
don. He had to wife,n Martha, daughter of James Masters, of
East Langdon, in Kent, Esq. and sister to Sir Edward Masters,
Knight, by whom he had issue six sons and three daughters ;
Mary, who died unmarried} Martha, wedded to John Huitson,
of Clesby, in com. Ebor. Esq. and died on November 6, l6Sl
(leaving her husband surviving, who departed this life April ]3th,
1689) j Anne, youngest daughter, was the wife of John Rich-
mond of Hiddington, in Norfolk, Esq.
The sons, were j

1. John, of whom hereafter.

2. Sir Edward Cowper, born August 5th, 1614, who, dying
unmarried on November 10th,° 1685, was buried by his father in
St. Michael's, Cornhill, where a white marble monument is
erected to his memory.

3. Sir William Cowper, who had issue Sir John Cowper, whose
posterity is remaining.

4. Spencer Cowper, who died on November 6th, 1676, aged
fifty-seven, unmarried, and was buried at St. Michael's afore-
said.

5. James/ who married Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wroth,
of Durans, in the parish of Enfield, in Middlesex, but dying with-
out issue, she was after wedded to George Earl of Suffolk j and.
Henry, the sixth son, died an infant.

John, the eldest son, was entered of Lincoln's-Inn for the study
of the laws, but being imprisoned for his loyalty to Charles I.
died under his confinement. He married Martha, daughter of
George Hewkley, of London, merchant, by whom he had issue a
daughter, Martha, who died young, and one son,

Sir William Cowper, Bart, who succeeded his grandfather:
he was chosen one of the members for 1 Hertford, in the two last
Parliaments called by Charles II. and was one, who, with the Earls
of Shaftesbury/ and Huntingdon, with otherLords, presented rea-
sons to the Grand Jury of Middlesex, June 1 6th, 1680, for the
indictment of James Duke of York, for not coming to church .

n Chauncey's Hertfordshire, p. 254.
0 Buried the 13th. Had. MSS. No. 1040.
P He was buried at St. Michael** church, Cornhill, 28th JuJjr, 1683. Had.
MSS. No. 1040.
* Chaunce>'s Hcrtford$hire, a; 3. r Hist. oFEng. Vol. III. p. 374.

COWTER EARL COWPER. 165

He also served in Parliament for the town of Hertford, in the first
year of King William and Queen Mary, and in two other Parlia-
ments in the reign of King William.

On April 23d, 1695, he was nominated by the House of Com-
mons, one of the twenty-four principal members to examine Sir
Thomas Cook, and to inspect into bribery and corruption. He
married Sarah, daughter to Sir Samuel Hoiled, of London {' she
died February 3d, 17*9, aged seventy-six, and is buried at Hert-
ingfordbury, in Hertfordshire), and left issue two sons,

1. William, first Earl Cowper, and

2. Spencer Cowper, Esq. who, on the accession of George I.
to the throne, was appointed Attorney-General to the Prince of
Wales, and on July 12th, 1717, constituted Chief Justice of
Chester. In 1727 he was made Attorney- General of the duchy
of Lancaster ; and on October 14th following, called to the de-
gree of Serjeant at Law, and afterwards made one of the Judges
of the Court of Common Pleas.1 He first married Pennington,
daughter of John Goodere, Esq.; secondly, Theodora, widow of
John Stepney, Esq. and departed this life at his chambers in
Lincoln's- hin, on December 10th, 1/28, leaving issue, by his first
wife, three sons,

1 . William Cowper, Esq. Clerk of the House of Lords, who
died at his house in the Old Palace Yard, Westminster, in Fe-
bruary 1739-40, leaving issue a daughter, Judith, eminent for
her poetical talents, married to Colonel Madan, who died 1756,
(by whom she was mother of the present Bishop of Peterborough; ;
and two sons, of whom Major William Cowper" married, in
1749, his cousin, Miss Madan, and was seated at the Park near
Hertford. 2. Rev. John Cowper, D. D. Rector of Great Berk-
hampstead, in Hertfordshire; an ingenious man, of some poetical
talents, who died 1756", having married, first, Anne, daughter of
Roger Donne, Esq. of Ludham Hall, in Norfolk, who died in
childbed, at the early age of thirty-four, in 1737, and has a mo-
nument in the chancel of St. Peter's church, at Berkhampstead,
inscribed with some verses by Lady Walsingham.* By this Lady

8 Salmon's Hertfordshire, p. 53.

1 He was memorable for a trial regarding an unfortunate death j which may
be seen in the Chronicles of the Day, and in the State Trials.

u I presume the late General Spencer Cowper was another son. He was father
of the present Henry Cowper, Esq. Deputy Clerk of the House of Lords, wh*
married his cousin, Miss Cowper.

x She was daughter of William Cowper, the Judge'? eldest son.

j 66 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Dr. Cowper had issue, 1 . William Cowper, the Poet,x author of
The Task, born November 26th, 173], died single, 1800. 2.
John, born 1737, Fellow of Bcne't college, Cambridge, died
March 20th, 1770. Ashley Cooper, third son of the Judge, died
17S8, having had three daughters j of whom, one was widow of
Sir Robert Hesketh, Bart.; another married to Sir Archer Croft,
Bart, -j and the third single.

William, first Earl Cowper, was brought up to the study
of the laws, wherein he was such a proficient, that, soon after his
being called to the bar, he was chosen Recorder of Colchester ;
and appointed one of the King's Counsel, in the reign of King
William, whereby his learning and oratory appeared the more
conspicuous. On the accession of Queen Anne, he was continued
as her Counsel in the laws/ till he was made Lord Keeper of the
Great Seal of England, on October 11th, 1705 ; and in conside-
ration of his great merits and abilities, her Majesty, on November
9th, 1706, advanced him to the dignity of a Peer of this kingdom,
by the style and title of Lord Cowper, Baron Cowper of
Wingham, in Kent. The same year he was one of the Commis-
sioners for the treaty of Union between England and Scotland :
and on May 4th, J 707, her Majesty, in Council, declared him
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain j which he continued
till September 14th, 17 10, upon the change of the ministry. On
the demise of the Queen, he was nominated zone of the Lords
Justices of the kingdom, till the arrival of King George I. from
Hanover, who, on September 22d, four days after his landing in
England, declared him Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain ;
and his Majesty dissolving his Privy-Council, and appointing a
new one to meet, on October 1st, 1714, his Lordship, being then
Lord Chancellor, took his place at the board, next to the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury. On February 6ih, 1716, his Lordship was
appointed Lord High Steward of Great Britain, for the trial of
the Rebel Lords. And his Majesty, in consideration of his great
abilities and merits, was pleased to advance him to the dignity of
Earl Cowper, March 18, 1717-18. But his Lordship, in May
following, resigned the seals. His excellent speeches against the
South-sea scheme, and in behalf of Dr. Atterbury, will eternise
his name to posterity.

He was also Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the

* Sec Hayley's Life of Cowper.
y Pointer's Chron. Hist. Vol. II. p. 531. z Ibid. p. 770.

COWPER EARL COWPER. 167

county of Hertford, one of the governors of the Charter-house,
and Fellow of the Royal Society. In all his stations he acted
with strict integrity ; and it is to his honour that he refused the
new year's gifts, which former Lords Chancellor received from
the counsel, thinking it an ill precedent, tending to corruption ;
which example has since been followed by all in that high station.
He had a graceful person, wirning aspect; and all his speeches
were delivered with that eloquence, learning, and judgment, as
made him universally applauded ; and shewed he had no superior
in the knowledge of the laws, or in any other subject he applied
himself to.

Dr. Smollet observes, that England by his death, " lost a
worthy nobleman, who had twice discharged the office of Lord
Chancellor, with equal discernment and integrity. He was pro-
foundly skilled in the laws of his country; in his apprehension
quick and penetrating, in his judgment clear and determinate.
He possessed a manly eloquence : his manner was agreeable, and
his deportment graceful." Mr. Tindal says of him, that H he was
eminent for his integrity in the discharge of the office of Lord
Chancellor, which he had twice filled. There may have been
chancellors of more extensive learning, but none of more know-
ledge in the laws of England. His judgment was quick, and yet
solid. His eloquence manly, but flowing. His manner graceful
and noble." Lord Chesterfield, in his Letters to his Son, repre-
sents Earl Cowper as more distinguished as a speaker, by the ele-
gance of his language, and the gracefulness of his manner, than
by the force of his arguments. He says, " the late Lord Chan-
cellor Cowper's strength as an orator, lay by no means in his
reasonings, for he often hazarded very weak ones. But such was
the purity and elegancy of his style, such the propriety and-
charms of his elocution, and such the gracefulness of bis action,
that he never spoke without universal applause. The ears and
the eyes gave him up the hearts and the understanding of the
audience."3 Burnet says, " he managed the Court of Chancery
with impartial justice, and great dispatch ; and was very useful
to the House of Lords in the promoting of business."

His Lordship had, to his first wife, Judith, daughter and heir
of Sir Robert Booth, of London, Knight, who died b2d April,

» See Kippis' Biographia Brit. IV. 381. Where is a long life of this Earl,
4rawn up by Dr. Towers.

b Monumental Inscription.

1(58 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1/05, by whom he had an only son that died young. And by
Mary, his second Lady (who died February 5th, 1723-4), daugh-
ter of Joh?i Clavering, of Chopwell, in the bishoprick of Dur-
ham, Esq. had issue two sons and two daughters: 1. William j
and

2. Spencer, Dean of Durham, who married Dorothy, eldest
daughter of Charles Lord Viscount Townshend, by his second
wife, Dorothy, sister of Robert Walpole, first earl of Orford, but
died without issue on March 25th, 1/74. She survived him till
19th May, 1779-

Lady Sarah, who died on December ljth, 1/5S, unmarried,
and was buried at Hartingfordbury ;c and Lady Anne, married,
in 1731, to James Edward Colleton, of Hayncs-Hill, in Berk-
shire, Esq. ; which Lady Anne deceased on March 26th, 1750.

And his Lordship departing this life at Colne-grecn, in Hert-
fordshire, on October 10th, 1723, was interred in the church at
Hartingfordbury, in the same county, on the 19th following. To
him succeeded his eldest son,

William, second Earl Cowper, who was born in 1709,
and appointed, in April 1733, one of the Lords of the Bedcham-
ber to his late Majesty, which he afterwards resigned. On March
23d, 1743-4, he was constituted Lord-Lieutenant and Gustos
Rotulorum of Hertfordshire, and continued as such by the pre-
sent King. His Lordship was twice married j first, on June 27th,
1732, to Lady Henrietta, youngest daughter and coheir of Henry
D'Auverquerque, Earl of Grantham j and, secondly, on May 1st,
1750, to Lady Georgiana, daughter to John Carteret, Earl Gran-
ville (and widow of the Hon. John Spencer, Esq. by whom she
was mother of John, first Earl Spencer.) By the said Lady Geor-
giana his Lordship had no issue.d

But by his first Countess, who died in October \7^7> ar*d was
buried at Hartingfordbury, he was father of George, third EarJ
Cowper, and of

Lady Caroline, born on June 20tb, 1733, married on July 24th,
1753., to Henry Seymour, Esq. (only son and heir of Francis Sey-
mour, of Sherbourne, in the county of Dorset, Esq. brother to
Edward eighth duke of Somerset of his family), she died June 2d,
1773, and was buried at Hartingfordbury.

This William, second Earl Cowper, was also LL.D. and F.R.S.

c She is said to have been distinguished for her sense and accomplishments.
d She died 25th August, 1780, at Richmond, in Surrey.

COWPER EARL COWPER. 1(5$

and departing this life on September 18th, 1764, at Colne-green,
in Hertfordshire, was buried at Hartingfordbury, having some
time before prefixed the surname and arms of Claveeing to his
own, in obedience to the will of Clavering, Esq. his mo-
ther's brother, who left him his estate on that condition.

Geoege Nassau, thied Eael Cowpee, was born on August
26th, 1738, and at his baptism, on the 17th of next month, had
the late King, Charles Duke of Grafton, and the Princess Amelia
all personally present, for his sponsors. On the decease of George
Harrison, Esq. which happened on December 7, 1759, his Lord-
ship was elected, in his room, member for the town of Hertford;
a large estate having fallen to him before, on the death of the
beforementioned Earl of Grantham, December 5th, 1754. His
Lordship, on January 3 1st, 1778, was created a Count of the
Holy Roman Empire; on June 2 1, 1775, he was married at
Florence, to Anna., daughter of Charles Gore, of Southampton,
Esq. by whom he had issue three sons.

1. George Augustus, fourth Earl.

3. Leopold- Lou is Francis, present Earl.

3. Edward Spencer, born at Florence July 16th, 1779* elected
M. P. for Hertford, 1806, I8O7.

His Lordship died at Florence, December 22d,. 1789; and was
succeeded by his eldest son.

Geoege-Augustus, foueth Eael Cowpee, born at Flo-
rence, August 9th, 1776; who dying unmarried, February 12th,
1799, was succeeded by his brother,

Leopold-Louis Feancis, fifth Eael Cowpee, born at Flo-
rence, May 6th, 1778- His Lordship married, July 21st, 1806,
the Hon. Amelia Lambe, daughter of Peniston Viscount Mel-
bourne.

Titles. Leopold Louis Francis Cowper, Earl Cowper, Viscount
Fordvvich, Baron Cowper of Wingham, and Baronet of England
and Nova Scotia.

Creations. Baronet, March 4th (1641-2), 17th Car. Lj Baron
Cowper, of Wingham, in Kent, November 9th (1706), 5 Queen
Anne; Viscount Fordwich in the same county, and Earl Cowper,
March 18th (1717), 4 George I.

Arms. Argent, three Martlets, and a Chief engrailed, Gules;
en the latter as many Annulets, Or.

Crest. On a wreath, a Lion's gamb erected and erased, Or,
holding a branch Vert, fructed Gules.

i;o PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Supporters. On each side, a light dun horse, with a large
blaze down his face, his mane close shorn, all but a tuft upon
his withers, a black list down his back, a bob tail, and three
white feet $ viz. his hind feet and near foot before.

Motto. Tuum EST.

Chief Seats. At Colne Green, in the county of Hertford j and
at Ratling-Court, in the county of Kent ; which latter has been
nothing more than a very mean farm-house for above a century.
The seat at the Moat, near Canterbury, has been lately pulled
down.

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE.

7n

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE.

The immediate founder of this noble family was the honourable
Alexander Stanhope/ Esq. only son to the right honourable
Philip Earl of Chesterfield, by his second Lady, Anne, daughter
of Sir John Pakingron, a Privy Counsellor, and favourite of
Queen Elizabeth. Tn the reign of Charles II. he was Gentleman-
usher to the Queen ; and on the accession of King William to
the crown, his Majesty nominated him his Envoy Extraordinary
to Charles II. King of Spain.

He set out for that kingdom the latter end of December 168Q,
and resided there several years, honoured by his Catholic Majesty
and his ministry, as well as in favour with his own Sovereign,
who afterwards appointed him Envoy Extraordinary to the States
General. He continued in the same character in the reign of
Queen Anne, till, at his earnest request, he was recalled about
October 1706. He died the year after, on September 20th, hav-
ing faithfully and successfully acquitted himself in many difficult
and important negociations during sixteen years that he resided
abroad.

By Catharine his wife, daughter of Arnold Burghill, of Thinge-
hill-Parva, in com. Heref. Esq. (the chief of a knightly family,
lineally descended from Sir Humphrey Burghill, of Burghill, in

* Part of h's portion was the Lordship of Hartshorn, in Derbyshire, near
Ashby de la Zouch, co. Leic. At this place was born, on March 5th, 1660,
the learned Dr. George Stanhope, Dean of Canterbury, whose father, the Rev.
Thomas Stanhope, was Rector heie under the patronage of the Chesterfield fa-
mily; and was ion of Dr. George Stanhope, Precentor of York, who died 1644.
The Dean died March 18th, 1728, aged sixty-eight. His wife was OJive, sister
•f Charles Cotton, the P^et. See Todd's Dtan: of Canterbury, 187.

i;2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the same county, living in the reign of King William Rufus), he
had two daughters ; Catharine, who died unmarried, and Mary,
one of the Maids of Honour to Queen Anne, married to Charles
Fane, of Basleton, in com. Berks, created Lord Viscount Fane,
and Baron of Loughuyre, in the county of Limerick, in Ireland,
I/I95 bshe died 17th August, 17$2, aged seventy-six; and live
sons :

1. James, of whom I am principally to treat.

2. Alexander, who died at sea in his father's lifetime.

3. Philip, who was Captain and Commander of the Milford
man of war, employed in the Mediterranean service, unfortu-
nately killed en September 28th, 1708, in attacking the castle of
St. Philip, in the Island of Minorca (a generous bravery, and na-
tural passion for a dear brother, urging him to bear a part in the
land service on shore), whose loss was generally lamented.

4. Edward, Colonel of a regiment of foot, who likewise lost
his life in the service of his country, at the siege of Cardona, in
Spain, on December 23d, 1711. His remarkable bravery, in the
defence of the important post where he was stationed, being
esteemed the principal occasion of the relief of that place.

5. William., born at Madrid about the year l6gi, who died an
infant.

James, the eldest son, beforementioned, left the upiversity of
Oxford at seventeen or eighteen years of age, to accompany his
father to Spain, and after some stay there, travelling into Italy,
served a volunteer under the Duke of Savoy, afterwards King of
Sicily and Sardinia. In 1694, going a volunteer into Flanders,
he was presently taken notice of by King William, who made
him a Captain, with the rank of Lieutenant-colonel, in his regi-
ment of Foot Guards. In l6Q5, when Namur was besieged,
though not on duty, he nevertheless went a volunteer on the at-
tack of the counterscarp, and giving extraordinary proofs of his
courage and conduct, was wounded and utterly disabled. In
1700, he was elected a Member for Newport in the Isle of Wight,
which was the last Parliament called by King William; and con-
stantly serving in the House of Commons (till he was created a
Peer), distinguished himself on the debates therein on several
occasions.

In 1702, he was a volunteer in the expedition under the Duke

fc Coffin-plate.

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 173

of Ormond to Cadiz ; and behaved with great gallantry on the
attack of the fort of Rodcndallo, the taking whereof greatly con-
tributed to destroying the galleons at Vigo. The year after, he
embarked with Charles III. King of Spain, and landing with him
in Portugal, served in that kingdom till the Earl of Peterborough's
expedition in the Mediterranean. He was made a Brigadier-
general, August 25th, 1704, and acquired great honour in the
siege of Barcelona ; which surrendered to the allies on October
Qth, N. S. 1705. He was declared soon after Envoy Extraordi-
nary and Plenipotentiary to King Charles III. and in that cha-
racter arrived with his Catholic Majesty at Valentia, October 2d,
17065 and was made Major-general of her Majesty's forces Ja-
nuary 1st, 1706-7.

In 1708, he was declared Commander in Chief of the British
forces in Spain; and arriving at Barcelona May 29th, N. S. his
first enterprize was the reduction of the celebrated port of Mahon
in the Island of Minorca. He landed on that island, September
l6th, 1708, and immediately possessed himself of the town of
Mahon, and the whole country soon appeared in his interest:
but the castle holding out, great difficulties were found in land-
ing and transporting our heavy artillery, through a country very
rocky, and destitute of beasts of burthen ; yet with continual
labour the artillery was brought up in twelve days, and on Sep-
tember 28th began to batter the castle; and some of the grena-
diers getting into the line without orders, General Stanhope took
the ordinary guard of the battery, and advanced to that part of
the line next to him. The enemy were in so great a consterna-
tion at the sudden approach of our troops, that finding we were
lodged at the foot of the glacis of the castle, and our main bat-
tery ready to play upon it, they, on the morning following, beat
a parley, and at five in the afternoon the capitulation was signed
for the delivery of it the next morning. The garrison consisted
of above 1000 men under arms ; part of whom were to be trans-
ported in our ships to France, the others into Spain. There were
found 100 cannon, 3000 barrels of powder, and all other neces-
saries for a good defence. In 1 709, he embarked with 8000 men
for the relief of Alicant, then besieged ; and arriving before it in
April that year, all the three-deck ships were ordered to fire upon
the town and batteries of the enemy ; but a violent east wind
arising, forced the ships out for sea-room; and tempestuous wea-
ther lasting some days, the enemy took that opportunity to fortify
the shore in all places where landing was practicable- Where*

J 74 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

upon General Sianhope observing it was impossible to throw suc-
cours of men and provisions into the castle, capitulated for the
same on honourable terms, and received the garrison. In 1710,
ihe signal victory at Almenara, July 27th, was, under God, owing
to his prudent conduct and valiant deportment} for which the
then King Charles returned him particular thanks. On August
20th, N. S. following, the French and Spaniards were defeated
at Saragossa; and on September 21st, he took possession of Ma-
drid for King Charles.

On the accession of George I. he was, for his faithful services^
sworn one of the Principal Secretaries of State, and of the Privy
Council, September 24th, 1714, six days after his Majesty's land-
ing in England, and four after his public entry through the city
of London.

This appointment he owed to the influence of Townshend, and
the friendship of the Walpoles j and possessed their implicit
confidence. On July flhy 1716, he accompanied the King to
Hanover. " As Townshend himself, on account of his wife's
pregnancy, declined going thither, his colleague was to be in-
trusted with that important service -, he was to keep the King
steady to his ministers in England, and to watch and baffle the
intrigues which might be formed to remove them. Stanhope ap-
peared peculiarly qualified for this task. A long and intimate
connection with Walpole had bound them in the strictest ties of
friendship} and when Walpole recommended him to Townshend,
he answered for his integrity as for his own. Stanhope himself
had made no application for the office of Secretary. His frequent
residence in camps, and skill in the profession of arms, rendered
him, in his own opinion, more fit for a military than a civil sta-
tion } and when Walpole proposed it, he considered the offer as
a matter of raillery, and applied his hand to his sword. It was
not till after much persuasion, and the most solemn assurances,
that his compliance would materially contribute to the security of
the new administration, that he was induced to accept the post.

" One of the principal charges which Stanhope had received
from his friends in England, was to be on his guard against the
intrigues of Sunderland : who had, under the pretence of ill
health, obtained the King's permission to go to Aix-la-Chapelle.
Although at the time of his departure, he had given the most
positive assurances of repentance and concern for his late endea-
vours to remove his colleagues } and after the most solemn pro*
fessions of repentance and union, had condescended to ask their

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 7*

advice for the regulation of his conduct at Hanover, to which,
place he intended to apply for leave to proceed ; Townshend and
Walpole suspected his sincerity j they had experienced his abili-
ties j they knew his ambition j and they dreaded the ascendancy
which he might obtain, through the channel of the Hanoverians,
over the King. But they implicitly trusted in the sagacity and
integrity of Stanhope, either to prevent his appearance at Han*
over, or, if he came, to counteract his views. Stanhope, however,
did not follow their directions ; for, when Sunderland demanded
access to the King, instead of opposing, he promoted the request
with all his influence.

" The mode of correspondence adopted during his continuance
in Hanover, sufficiently proved the unbounded confidence placed
in Stanhope. In this confidential correspondence, Townshend
and Walpole stated freely their objections to the continental po-
litics, declared their dissatisfaction at the interference of the Ha-
noverians, and their contempt at their venal and interested
conduct. They therefore put it in his power to betray their
private sentiments, and to increase the aversion of the Hanoverian
Junto. The seduction, therefore, of Stanhope from his former
friends, was a master piece of art j as the defection of the person
in whom they placed the most implicit confidence, rendered every
attempt to baffle the efforts of Sunderland ineffectual, because
the mine was not discovered until it was sprung.

"At what precise period, or by what inducement Stanhope
was gained by Sunderland, cannot be positively ascertained j but
from the general disinterestedness of his character, I am led to
conclude, that he did not lightly betray his friends, or yield to
the suggestions of Sunderland, from venal or ambitious motives.
The private information I have received, and the letters which
passed between Stanhope and Walpole, seem to prove, that Sun-
derland had convinced him, that the English Cabinet were secretly
counteracting the conclusion of the alliance with France j that
their opposition to the Northern transactions, was a dereliction of
the principles on which the Revolution was founded; and he was
made to believe, that his friend Walpole had broke his word
with the King, in the affair of the Munster and Saxe Gotha
troops."6

Horace Walpole remonstrated -, and Stanhope, being affected,
acknowledged he had been deceived by false suggestions. Horace
Walpole was satisfied. Stanhope seemed to act in conformity to
his promises j Sunderland seemed confounded j the Hanoverians

* Coxe'i Sir R. Walpole.

176 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

abashed ; and the King inclined to recover his former satisfaction
and complacency. But these appearances were deceitful. Dis-
patches were soon brought from Stanhope, announcing the King's
command to remove Townshend from the office of Secretary of
State; and to offer him the Lord Lieutenancy of Ireland. This
dismission caused great discontent sj and Sunderland and Stan-
hope were* so much alarmed, as to make every specious excuse
for their conduct. Townshend and Walpole continued for a
short time to support the administration } but as it soon appeared
that the King placed his chief confidence in Sunderland and
Stanhope, the support of the two former became cold ; and on an
important question in the House of Commons, Walpole main-
tained a profound silence. This was revenged on Townshend,
by a letter from Stanhope, announcing his final dismissal. Wal-
pole, Devonshire, Orford, Methuen, and Pulteney, resigned; and
Stanhope was appointed fust Lord of the Treasury, and Chancel-
lor of the Exchequer; Sunderland and Addison Secretaries of
State ; the Duke of Bolton Lord Lieutenant of Ireland ; and the
Duke of Newcastle Lord Chamberlain j the Earl of Berkeley first
Lord of the Admiralty ; and the Duke of Kingston, Lord Privy
Scal.c

On July 2d following (viz. 1717)> he was promoted to the
dignity of a Viscount of Great Britain, by the style and title of
Lord Viscount Stanhope, of Mahon, in the Island of Minorca >
as likewise Baron Stanhope, of Elvaston, in the county of
Derby, with limitation, for want of heirs-male, to Thomas Stan-
hope, of Elvaston j and his brothers, Charles (then Secretary to
the Treasury), and William (afterwards Earl of Harrington.)

The Lord Viscount Stanhope was again sworn, March 25th,
17 18, Principal Secretary of State, in the room of the Earl of
Sunderland, who, by mutual agreement, had the place of first
Commissioner of the Treasury; and on April 14th following,
was further advanced to the dignity of an Earl of this kingdom,
by the title of Earl Stanhope. On June 14th ensuing, he set
out for Paris, to bring to a conclusion the negociations for a ge-
neral peace, the Spaniards at that time having attacked Sicily.
He arrived at Paris four days after his departure from London 5
and his Lordship having disposed the French Court to an accom-
modation, signed on July 6th, 1718, he travelled to Madrid for
the same end, intent on the public service. And having, on
August 4th, received a pass from the King of Spain, he proceeded
from Bayonne, the next day, on his journey to Madrid. His

c Coxe's Sir R. Walpole.

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 1/7

Lordship arrived there on August 12th; and on the 14th went
to Tresnera, a seat within half a league of the Escurial, where
Cardinal Alberoni had caused very commodious lodgings to be
fitted up for him. The same evening, his Lordship, by appoint-
ment, went to the Cardinal, at the Escurial, and had a long con-
ference with him. But " his overtures were rejected with con-
tempt," says Coxe. <c Stanhope's immediate departure from
Spain became the signal for war; the French troops advanced;
Admiral Byng attacked, captured, and destroyed the greater part
of the Spanish fleet. The King of Spain disappointed in his
hopes of making an impression on England, by the death of
Charles XII. and the defection of the Czar, was compelled to
dismiss Alberoni, and accede to the Quadruple Alliance."0 His
Lordship, taking audience of leave of the King and Queen of
Spain on August 22d, set out early the next morning, and arrived
at Whitehall on September 22d, in the morning, and proceeded
to Hampton-Court, to wait on his Majesty.

On May ,Qth. 17 1& his Majesty declaring in council his inten-
tion of going out of England for a short time, Earl Stanhope was
appointed one of the Lords Justices : but attending on his Majesty
in Germany, he was meditating to obtain a redress of the griev-
ances of the Protestants there, who were under persecution ; to
which end he brought about an interview between their Britannic
and Prussian Majesties.

He returned to England with his Majesty in November, and
on December 23d, 1719, set out for the court of France. And
returning, set out again for that court, arriving at Paris on March
26th, 1720, and the next day had audience of the Duke of Or-
leans, the Regent, on overtures made by the King of Spain. His
Lordship returned to Whitehall, on April 2d following, having
brought the King of Spain to accede to the quadruple alliance.
On June llth, 1720, he was again declared one of the J^ords
Justices; and attending the King to Hanover, several weighty
matters relating to the Protestant interest in the Empire were set-
tled, and a foundation laid for effectually redressing '.e grievances
of the Protestants in those parts. After his return to England,
while he was attending the great affairs of the nation in Parlia-
ment, he was suddenly seized with a dizziness in his head, on
February 4th, 1720-1, and going immediately to his own house
by the Cockpit at Whitehall, diedd the next day in the evening,

e Coxe, 114.
■ On his death, Townshend again succeeded to the office of Secretary of State.
VOL. IV. N

178 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

leaving his Lady big with child, who deceased on February 24th,
1722 3. They were both interred at Chevening, in Kent ; and
the Earl at his funeral, by the King's command, was attended by
the Horse-grenadiers, two hundred of the Life-guards, and two
battalions of the Foot-guards ; all their Officers being in cypress
mourning scarfs and hat-bands, with all other honours due to a
great General ; his Majesty's and the Prince's coaches, with those
of the nobility, &c. being in the procession.

He married on February 24th, 1712-13, Lucy, youngest daugh-
ter of Thomas Pitt, of Boconnoc, Cornwall, Esq. sometime Go-
vernor of Fort St. George, in the East Indies, and left issue, by
her,

1. Philip second Earl Stanhope, and Lucy, a daughter, twins,
born on August 15th, 1714.

2. George, born on December 28th, 1/17> whom his Majesty
honoured with his presence at his baptism, being one of his god-
fathers. On April 23d, 1743, he was made Lieutenant-colonel
to Lord Harry Beauclerk's regiment of foot, from being Captain
in Colonel Duroure's regiment. He after had the command of
Colonel Ligonier's regiment, with which he behaved very gal-
lantly on January 1/th, 1746, at Falkirk ; where he resolutely
maintained his ground against the rebels, till Barrel's regiment,
commanded by Colonel Rich, came up to his assistance, which
gave time to some of his Majesty's broken regiments to rally, who
thereby lived to conquer at Culloden ; in which battle he again
commanded the same regiment, and was one of the four that
gained the greatest glory. He had the character of untainted
honour ; and dying unmarried January 24th, 1754, was interred
in the family vault at Chevening, in Kent.

James, third son, born August 19th, 1721 (twin born with Ca-
therine Posthumous, who died young) who died in the tenth year
of his age, April 21st, 1730.

Gertrude, born 1718, who died young j and v

Lady Jane, born October 30th, 17*9-

Philip, the second Earl Stanhope, succeeded his father
on February 5th, 172O-I, and on April 13th, 1731, was ore of
the six Earls who supported the pall at the funeral of Frederick
late prince of Wales. His Lordship, in 1745, married the Lady
Grizel Hamilton, daughter of Charles Lord Binning, sister to
Thomas Earl of Haddington, by whom he had issue two sons,

1. Philip Lord Viscount Mahon, who died at Geneva June 6th,,
1?63-, and,

STANHOPE EARL STANHOPE. 179

2. Charles, now Earl Stanhope.

His Lordship died March 7th, 1 786, having led a life dedicated
principally to scientific pursuits, in which he had the fame of
great proficiency. He was succeeded by his only surviving son,

Charles, third and present Earl, born August 3d, 1/53 ;
and educated principally at Geneva. While a Commoner, he
represented in Parliament the borough of Chipping Wycomb.
His Lordship married, first, December 19th, 1774, Lady Hester
Pitt, sister to the present Earl of Chatham; and by her, who died
July 18th, 1780. had issue,

1. Lady Hester-Lucy, born March 12th, 1776.

2. Lady Griselda. born July 21st, 17/8, married August 29th,
1S00, John Tickell, Esq.

3. Lady Lucy-Rachael, born February 20th, 1780, married,
April 26th, 1796, Thomas Taylor, Esq. and has issue.

His Lordship married, secondly, March 12th, 178I, Louisa,
only daughter and heir of Henry Grenvile, Esq. uncle to the
present Marquis of Buckingham, by whom he has issue,

4. Philip Henry, Viscount Mahon, born December 7th, 1781,
M. P. for Hull, I8O7, married, November 9th, 1803, the Hon.
Catherine-Lucy Smith, fourth daughter of Lord Carrington, by
whom he has a son, born March 1 /th, 1600.

5. Charles Banks, born June 3d, 1785.

6. James, born September 7th, 1788, a Lieutenant, with the
rank of Captain, in the first Regiment of Foot Guards.

His Lordship is eminent for his scientific genius.

Titles. Charles Stanhope, Earl Stanhope, Viscount Stanhope
of Mahon, and Baron of Elvaston.

Creations. Baron Stanhope, of Elvaston, in com. Derby, and
Viscount Stanhope, of Mahon, in the Island of Minorca, in the
Mediterranean, July 12th, 1717, 3 George I. and Earl Stanhope,
April 14th, 1718, 4 George I.

Arms and Crest. The same as the Earl of Chesterfield; a
Crescent difference.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a Talbot, ermine; on the
sinister, a wolf, Or, ducally crowned, Azure; each charged on
the shoulder with a Crescent, Azure.

Motto. A Deo et Rege.

Chief Seat. At Chevening, in the county of Kent.

180 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH.a

Robert Sherard became possessed of the Lordship of Staple-
ford,, in Leicestershire, in 1402, by marriage with Anne, daughter
and coheir of Sir Laurence Hawberk, Knt.

Our antiquarians agree, that this family is descended from
Shirard, who lived in the time of the Conqueror ; and held
divers manors and lands in the countie of Chester and Stafford j
amongst others, the manor and lordship of Chetelton, co. Staff. -,
and the manors of Badington, or Bebington, and Broomhall j and
of Walley, and Moynes, and Wilne, and divers other lands and
possessions in the county Palatine of Chester, as appears by
Domesday Book. The said Shirard, in the time of Hugh Lupus,
first Earl Palatine of Chester,, gave- to the abbey of St. Werburg,
within the city of Chester, the church or chapel of Bebington,
with four oxgangs of lands, and the tythe of that manor, and
the tythe of Bromhall, and of Walley, &c. as appears by the
foundation charter of that abbey, dated IO93. He had three
sons.

1. Richard, his eldest son, was surnamed Lancelin, from the
manor of Lancelin, co. Chesh.

2. Peter, whose descendants took the name of Chedleton, from
that Lordship 5 and ended in an heiress, married to William
Bromley.

3. Robert, who retained the name of Sherard, was Lord of
the manor of Bromhall, and divers other lands in Cheshire,
temp. R. Steph. He had issue,

a For improvements in this article, as well as that of Shirley, the Compiler is
indebted to Mr. Nichols's History of Leicestershire.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 181
i

Walter Sherard, who died 1185, leaving issue,

Humphrey Sherard, Lord of Thornton, co. Chesh. who died
1191. His son was,

Thomas Sherard, of Thornton j who by the daughter of Sir
William Lemingham, in 11Q2, had issue,

Robert Sherard, of Thornton ;b who by the daughter of Tho-
mas Birmingham, 12(53, was father of

Sir Thomas Sherard, of Thornton j who by Joan, daughter of
Sir John Entwisle, 1 272, had issue,

Edmund Sherard, second son, heir to his brother, 1283, who
by Mary (who died 1293), daughter of Thomas Grosvenor, of
Cheshire, had

William Sherard, who died 1301 ; leaving issue by Anna-
bella, daughter of John de Bredsall,

1. Thomas Sherard 5 who by a daughter of RatclifF, left a
daughter, Isabel, married to Holford.

2. William, who was a witness to a deed of Robert Burgul-
lion, Abbot of De la Cross, in Leicestershire, 13 Edward I, 1301,
and died 1304) leaving by the daughter of John Ashton, in Lan-
cashire,

William Sherard, 1328 ; who by Elizabeth, daughter of Tho-
mas Venables, was father of

Sir Robert Sherard, Knt. 1343, who by the daughter and heir

of Eyton, had issue, 1. George. 2. Walter, living 1381.

3. John, living 1381, of South Lubbenham, Rector of Bircholt,
in Kent.

George Sherard, eldest son, 1375 j by Joan, daughter of Ri-
chard Berners, had issue,

Robert Sherard, already mentioned, Lord of the manor of
Stapleford, in Leicestershire, 1402, in right of his wife, Anne,
daughter and coheir of Sir Laurence Hawberk, Knt. relict of Sir
Hugh de Calveley, Knt. He was living 1417. He had issue

Lawrence, who was sheriff0 of the county of Rutland in
1438, of Leicestershire and Warwickshire in 1443 and 1444. He
had to d wife Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Woodford,
grandson and heir of Sir Robert Woodford, of Sproxton, in Lei-
cestershire, Knt. by whom he had issue four sons, Robert, Gef-
fery, Christopher, and William, who both died without issue.

Robert, succeeding to the estate, was SherifTe of the county

b RudyarcTs Deeds. « Fuller's Worthies in com. Rutl.

* He had also another wife, Margaret, widow of Sir Christopher Folvile.
• Fuller's Worthies in Com. Rutl.

182 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

of Rutland, in 31 Henry VI. and dying without issue/ Geffery,
his brother, was heir to his estate.

Which Geffery was thrice Sheriff* of Rutlandshire, viz. in?
the 8th and 20th years of Edward IV. and in, the first year of
Richard III. He married Joyce, daughter of Thomas Ashby, of
Loseby, in com. Leicest. Esq.h and by her (who died on Septem-
ber l6th, 1490, about two years after him, and lies buried with
him at Stapleford), he had seven daughters and seven sons, of
whom Thomas Sherard, of Stapleford, was heir, and

Robert, second son,1 was of Lobthorp, in the parish of North -
Witham, in Lincolnshire,k from whom the Baronets of this Fa-
mily, now extinct, were descended.

3. William, father of Thomas Sherard, of Stapleford, Esq.

4. Lawrence.

Thomas Sherard, the eldest son, was Sheriff1 of the county
of Rutland in 146S and l4S0,m and became possessed of the ma-
nors of Teigh and Whissendine, in the county of Rutland; and
Stansby and Gunby, in com. Line. ; with other lands of inherit-
ance, by marriage with Margaret, daughter and sole heir of John
Hclwell,™ Esq. Wherein he was succeeded by

George, his son and heir,° who resided at Stapleford, and was
Sheriff of the county of Rutland, in 1545 and 1572, and of Lei-
cester in 1567. He married Rohesia, or Rose, daughter of Sir
Thomas Pouiteney, of Misterton, in com. Leicest. Knt. and had
by her six daughters :

1. Elizabeth, married to William Smith, of Cunnington, in

f He married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Durant, of Cotsmore, and
had by her a daughter, Joan, who died at two dajs old.

S Fuller's Worthies in Com. Rutl.
h By Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Burdet, of Loseby, son of William
Burdet, slain at Dundee, in Scotland, 40 Edward I.

* His son (by his first wife, Anne Digby), Rowland Sherard, was father of Sir
William Sherard, Knt. whose s>on, John, had by Elizabeth Brownlow, Richard
Sherard, Esq. who died 1668, leaving issue Sir John Sherard, created a Baronet
1674, with remainder to his brothers, Sir Richard and Sir Brownlow, who both
succeeded him; and the latter dying 1736, left issue Sir Brownlow, the last Ba-
ronet, who died 1748, *U 42, leaving no issue by his wife, Mary Sidney, co-
heiress to the last Earl of Leicester.

k Engl. Baronetage, Vol. III. p. 594, & seq.

1 Fuller's Worthies in com. Rutl.

m In 1500 he built the ancient part of the present mansion.

n Son and heir of Sir John Helwell, Knt.

0 There was an elder brother, Geoffrey, who was living heir apparent in 15C0,

and 1524; and another son, Thomas j also a daughter, Anne, married to Elf) s

tf Wykom, co. Line.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 183

Lincolnshire, Esq. 2. Margaret, to William Durant, of Cottes-
more, Esq. 3. Joice, wedded to Edward Beresford, Esq. 4.
Eleanor. 5. Margery, married to Gilbert Berry, of Easton, co.
Line. And, 6. Dorothy, who, with Eleanor, died unmarried.

He had also Francis ; and,

2. Thomas, who died unmarried.

Francis Sherard, Esq. succeeded to the Family Estates, and
died 1594, having married Anne, daughter of George Moore, of
Burne, in Lincolnshire, by whom he had a daughter, Rose, mar-
ried to John Sherard of Lobthorpe, Esq. and three sons.

1. Sir Philip Sherard, Knt. who died April 23d, 10*24, and
was buried at Stapleford, leaving no issue by his wife, Isabel,
daughter of Sir John Harpur, of Swarkston, in Derbyshire,
Knight. -

2. Sir William, who continued the line.

3. Sir George, who died unmarried in ]651.

Sir William, first Irish Baron, received the honour of Knight-
hood0 from James I. at Oatlands, on July 3d, 1622; having
been one of the Gentlemen Pensioners under King James I. and
Charles I. by letters patent, dated July 10th, in the third year of
his reign, created him Lord Sherard, and Baron Le Trim, in the
kingdom of Ireland. His Lordship died on April 16th, 1640, aged
fifty-two, and was buried near his father at Stapleford. He married
Abigail, eldest daughter and coheir of Cecil Cave, Esq third son
of Roger Cave, of Stanford, in com. Northamp. Esq. by Anne
his wife, daughter and sole heir to Anthony Bennet, of Green-
wich, Esq. and by her (who .was first married to Henry Tresham,
Esq.) and who died i659,p had issue seven sons; viz.

o Pbilpot's Cat. of Knights.
P Abigail Lady Sherard, who survived till 1659, possessed uncommon abili-
ties* and unbounded benevolence. The parish church of Whissendine, in Rut-
land, where she new roofed the chancel, and that at Stapleford, where she entirely-
rebuilt the south aile, bear testimony to" her liberality. The annals of the Grand
Rebellion bear witness to her loyalty ; as she was fined 500 1. November 19th,
1645, by the Committee of Sequestration, for what was then termed delinquency.
She was a Lady, also, of great taste, an admirer and collector of antiquities ; and
it was in compliment to this turn that such particular pains were taken, in 1633,
to illustrate the fine pedigree of the Sherards, and their matches, with drawings
of their monuments, arms, and portraits in windows, deeds, &c. now in the pos-
session of the Earl or Harborough ; and which was exhibited to the Society of
Antiquaries of London, in 1735, by Smart Lethieullier, Esq. together with two
small pendant oval medals, having the bust of this Lady, both in profile and full-
faced ; and on the reverse, her arms in gold and silver, gilt, made for her fune-

184 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1. Bennet, his successor.

2. Philip, ancestor of the present Earl of Harborough.

3. George Sherard, born 1626, died 1670, married Anne Croc-
kenbury, daughter of a merchant in the city of London ; she
died 1669, leaving issue by him a daughter} a younger son, Ben-
net ; and William Sherard, his son and heir, who married

daughter and heir of Castell Sherard, of Glatton and Folkes-
worth, co. Huntingdon j and had issue by her Castell Sherard, of
Glatton, Esq. who, by Martha, daughter of Edward Ferrar, of
Little Gidding, co. Hunt, had (besides a younger son, Bennet,
who died S. P. and two daughters, Catharine and Martha, who
married William Caldecot), the Rev. Castell Sherard, A.M. his
son and heir, who married Jane, daughter of Richard Caryer,
Esq. of Godmanchester, co. Huntingdon, who has had issue by
her, 1. The Rev. Philip Castell Sherard, A.M. born 1767, Rec-
tor of Swinshead, co. Huntingdon, 17Q2. 2. Rev. Robert Sherard,
Rector of Birlingham, St. Peter, Norfolk. 3. Robert, 4. Ca-
ryer. 5. Jennetta, married to the Rev. Benjamin Clay, B. A.
Rector of Hockerton, co. Notts. 6. Charlotte- Willielmina. 7.
Louisa, wife of Charles Wale, Esq. of Shelford, Notts. 8.
Frances, married, January 30th, 1795* to the Hon. Newton Fel-
lowes, of Eggesford, Devonshire, next brother to the Earl of
Portsmouth.

4. Francis.

5. William.

6. Henry. And,

7. John, who all died unmarried.

Also four daughters : Anne, who died on June 7th, 1648, and
was buried at Greenwich, in Kent; Emeline; Abigail, or Anne,
wife of Nicholas Knolles, called Earl of Banbury /1 and died 168O;
and Elizabeth, who died unmarried.

Bennet, second Lord Sherard, married Elizabeth, daughter
and coheir of Sir Robert Christopher/ of Alford, in Lincolnshire,
Knt. by whom he had issue,

1. Christopher, who died unmarried, at Oxford, in 1681.

2. Bennet, late Earl of Harborough.

And two daughters: Elizabeth, born 1679, married to Edward,

ral. A portrait of her, taken in 1622, when she was just twenty-two years old,
remains at Slapleford j with one also of her Lord, and of Bennet, their eldest son.
Nichols' Leicest. I. 334..

1 Hence is descended the"present General Knolles, commonly called Earl of
Banbury. .

r Descended from Judge Christopher.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 185

Lord Viscount Irwin, of the kingdom of Scotland -, and, secondly,
to the honourable John Noel, youngest son oif Baptist Noel, Vis-
count Campden, by his fourth wife, Elizabeth, daughter to Mon-
tague, Earl of Lindsey : Lucy, second daughter, married to John
Duke of Rutland, to whom she was second wife.

The said Bennet Lord Sherard, was chosen one of the Knights
for the county of Leicester, 1678, 1679, 1681, 1685, 1688, lOgOj
and on August 28th, l6gO, was constituted Custos Rotulorum of
the county of Rutland. He was a liberal encourager of the
fine arts. He died January 30th, 1700, and was succeeded in
honour and estate by his only surviving son and heir,

Bennet, first Earl of Harborough, who on March 11th,
1699, was constituted Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of
the county of Rutland ; and in the 13th year of King William,
was returned Knight for the county of Leicester ; as also in the
12th year of Queen Anne, for the county of Rutland. On the
accession of George I. in consideration of his great services, he
was advanced to the dignity of a peer of this realm, by the title
of Lord Harborough, Baron of Harborough, in the county of
Leicester, by letters patent, dated October 19th, 1714, with re-
mainder, for want of heirs-male of his body, to Philip Sherard, of
Whissendine, in com. Rutland. On September 12th, 1/15, he
was constituted Lord Lieutenant of Rutlandshire ; also was fur-
ther advanced to the dignities of Viscount Sherard, of Staple-
ford, by letters patent, bearing date October 3 1st, I/I85 and on
May 8th following, created Earl of Harborough aforesaid,
with remainder to Philip Sherard before mentioned. And being
in the same reign, May 3d, 17*9* appointed Lord Warden and
Justice in Eyre, North of Trent, he was also, September 12th,
1727, by our late Sovereign, on his accession to the crown, con-
tinued in the said office, and constituted Lord Lieutenant of the
county of Rutland, September 16th, 1727.

His Lordship married Mary, daughter and sole heir of Sir
Henry Calverly, of Ayerholme, in the bishoprick of Durham,
Knt. who died before him, leaving no issue. And afterwards con-
tinuing a widower, and departing this life October 16th, 1732,
aged fifty-five, was buried at Stapleford, where a monument is
erected to his memory.

He was succeeded in his estate and honours, by Philip, second
Earl of Harborough, son and heir of Bennet Sherard, of Wissen-
dine, in Rutlandshire, Esq, who was son and heir of the honour-

186 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

able Philip Sherard, Esq. second son to William,, who was created
Lord Sherard.

Which Philip Sherard had the seat and estate at Whissendine,
by the gift of his father, and was chosen one of the Knights of
the shire for the county of Rutland, in all the Parliaments called
by Charles II. and departed this life in 1695. He married s Mar-
garet, daughter of Thomas Denton, of Hillersden, in com. Eucks,
Knt. ancestor of the late Mr. Justice Denton, one of the Judges
of the Common Pleas, and widow of John Poultcney, Esq. and
of William Eure, Esq. second son of William Lord Eure. He
had issue by her three sons,

1. Ben net.

2. Philip, the second son, married Anne, daughter and coheir
of Robert Thoroton, of Carr-Coulston, in Nottinghamshire, M D.
who wrote the antiquities of that county, by whom she had issue
twelve children ; of which seven survived him: 1. Robert. 2.
William. 3. Bennet. 4. Denton, who was the only survivor
of the branch of Carr-Coulston, living in 1779. Robert, the
eldest by his wife Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of ■
Reding, of Gotesly, in Leicestershire, Esq. had issue one son,
Philip, and three daughters ; whereof one daughter was relict of
James More-Molyneaux, Esq. member for Haslemere, in Surry,
in 1754.

3. Denton Sherard.

Also a daughter, Abigail, wife of John Pickering, Esq.

Bennet Sherard, of Whissendine, Esq, (eldest son and heir of
Philip), was a member in the convention Parliament for the
county of Rutland, as also in the two succeeding Parliaments in
the reign of King William, and died in 17OI. He married Do-
rothy, daughter of Henry Lord Fairfax (widow of Robert Stapyl-
ton, of Wighill, Esq.) and by her (who died on January 14th,
1/44-5), had issue four sons, and six daughters ; whereof only
four survived him j viz. Margaret, married to Dr. John Gilbert,
who was then Dean of Exeter, afterwards successively Bishop of
Landaff and Salisbury, and died Archbishop of York in 1/6*1 ;
Mary> who died 1/64, unmarried; and Philip, who succeeded as
Earl of Harborough.

Which Philip, second Earl of Harborough, was chosen
one of the representatives for the county of Rutland, to the Par-

9 Ex. Relat. Phil. Com. Harborough.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 187

liament summoned to meet at Westminster, July 8th, 1703. His
Lordship married Anne, sole daughter and heir of Nicholas Ped-
ley, Esq. eldest son of Sir Nicholas Pedley, of Huntingdon, Knt.
Serjeant at Law, and by her (who died February 16th, 1750) had
issue dx sons, and eight daughters ; of the sons, five lived to
maturity} viz.

1. Bennet, third Earl of Harborough, of whom presently.

2. John Sherard, Esq. Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, a
Barrister -at Law, and Lieutenant of the Yeomen of the Guards.
In the rebellion of 1745, he first proposed, and was appointed
Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment of Volunteers, of which Lord
Chief-Justice Willes was Colonel, raised for the defence of his
Majesty's person and government, by the gentlemen of the Law,
and died April 25th, 174(5, unmarried, aged thirty-three.

3. Robert, the fourth Earl.

4. Daniel Sherard, Esq. born June 17th, 1722, who died un- .
married at Port-Royal, in the Island of Jamaica, in June 1744;
being then first Lieutenant of his Majesty's ship the Falmouth,
commanded by Captain Colby.

5. Philip Sherard, Esq. born March 1st, 1 726-7, who taking
to a military life, on April 6th, 1743, was appointed an Ensign in.
the first Regiment of Foot-Guards ; promoted to be a Lieutenant,
with the rank of Captain, November 29th, 1745; to, be Captain-
Lieutenant, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, March 24th,
1755 ; to the command of a company, on November 18th, 1755 j
to the rank of Colonel, by brevet, on February 10th, 1762; on
June 12th, 17^5, was constituted third Major of the said regi-
ment. On May 24th, 1768, was appointed second Major of the
said regiment; on September 6th, 1777^ was promoted to the
rank of Lieuten ant-General. He was also Colonel of the 6§th Re-
giment of Foot, and highly esteemed in the army for his bravery.
In the Campaign of 1762, he commanded in turn as Major-Ge-
neral ; and at the affair of the Brucker-Muhl, was at the head of
the second Battalion of the first Regiment of British guards, and
acquired great credit by his behaviour, on that and many other
occasions. He died at Southwell, co. Notts. September 14th,
179O, and was buried at Whissendine.

Four daughters also lived to years of maturity ; viz.

1. Lady Dorothy married to James Torkington (eldest son and
heir of James Torkington, of Great Stewkley, in the county of
Huntingdon, Esq.) Rector of King's-Rippon, and Stewkley- Par va,
in that county. 2. Lady Lucy died at Bath, 2yth April, 178I,

188 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

unmarried, 3. Lady Susan, who died December 1765, unmar-
ried. 4. Lady Ursula, who died September 1745, also unmar-
ried.

His Lordship deceasing on July 20th, 1750, was succeeded in
his honours and estate by his eldest son,

Bennet, third Earl, who, on June 27th, 1748, married
Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Ralph Earl Verney, of the kingdom
of Ireland, by whom he had no issue. Her Ladyship died June
7th, 1756, and was interred a*. Stapleford; and on July 3d, 1757,
his Lordship married, secondly, Frances, daughter of the Hon.
William Noel, Chief Justice of Chester, and afterwards one of
the Judges of the court of Common Pleas, and by her, who died
on September 15th, 176O, he had a daughter, Lady Frances, born
April 12th, 1759, married April 18th, 1776, Captain George
Morgan, of the Foot-guards. His Lordship took to his third
wife, on March 31st, 1761, Margaret, daughter of Thomas Hill,
of Tern, in Shropshire, Esq. member of parliament for Shrews-
bury, by whom, on January 23d, 17^7* he had a daughter, still-
born, and a son, Bennet Lord Sherard-, who died on February
21st, 1768, and was buried at Stapleford on the 27th. Her Lady-
ship dying soon after her delivery, his Lordship married, fourthly,
October 8th, 1767, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas
Cave, of Stanford-hall, in Leicestershire, Bart. LL.D. one of the
Knights of the shire for the county of Leicester. By whom, who
survived till March 5 th, 1797* ne had no issue. His Lordship
dying February 24th, 177°> was succeeded by his eldest surviving
brother,

Robert, the fourth Earl of Harborough, born October
1st, 1719; who entering into holy orders, was Rector of Teigh,
in Rutlandshire j and Weston, in Huntingdonshire ; likewise
Prebendary and Canon Residentiary of Salisbury; also Prebendary
of Southwell, in Nottinghamshire : his Lordship resigned his
ecclesiastical preferments in 1773> except the Prebend of Salisbury.
He first married, May 17th, 1762, Catherine, eldest daughter
and coheir of Edward Hearst, Esq. of Salisbury; she dying Fe-
bruary 5th, 1765, without issue, he secondly, married, in January
1767 > Jane, eldest daughter of William Reeve, of Melton Mow-
bray, in Leicestershire, Esq. by whom he had a son, Philip, fifth
Earl, born October 10th following, and a daughter,

Lady Lucy, born October 1769, married, in. 179O, Sir Thomas
Cave, Bart. MP. for Leicestershire, who died January lfjth,
1792, aged twenty-six; and she married, secondly, August 20tb,
1798, the Hon. Philip Pusey, uncle to the Earl of Radnor.

SHERARD EARL OF HARBOROUGH. 189

His second wife dying at Bath in November 1770, his Lord-
ship on May 25th, 1772, was, thirdly, married to Dorothy, daugh-
ter and heir of William Roberts, of Glaiston, in Rutlandshire,
Esq. who died at Bristol, September 17th, 1781, and by whom
he had a daughter, Lady Dorothy Sophia, born April 17th, 1775.
She died 5th November, 1781, and was buried at Stapleford.

His Lordship died at Stapleford, on Sunday, 21st April, 1799,
aet. 80, and was succeeded by his only son,

PHiLir, fifth Earl, who married, July 1st, 1791> Eleanor,
daughter of Colonel John Monckton, of Fineshade, in Northamp-
shire (cousin to Viscount Galway), by whom he had issue,

1. Lucy Eleanor, born May 20th, 1792.

2. Anna Maria, born 1794.

3. A daughter, born 1795.

4. Philip, present Earl.

5. A daughter, born June 21st, 1799*

6. A daughter, born July 3d, 1802.

His Lordship died December gth, 1 807, and was succeeded by
his son,

Philip, present and sixth Earl of Harborough, born Au-
gust 26th, 1797.

Titles. Philip Sherard, Earl of Harborough, Baron of Har-
borough in England, and Baron of Le Trim, in the kingdom of
Ireland. ,

Creations. Baron of Le Trim, in Ireland, July 10th, 1627,
3 Car. I. : Baron of Harborough, in the county of Leicester, Oc-
tober 19th, 1714, 1 Geo. I.: and Earl of Harborough aforesaid,
May 8th, 1719, 5 Geo. I.

Arms. Argent, a Chevron, Gules, between three torteaux.

Crest. In a ducal coronet, Or, a peacock's tail, erect, proper.

Supporters. Two rams argent, armed and unguled, Or.

Motto. Hostis Honori Invidia.

Chief Seats. At Stapleford in the county of Leicester j and at
Glaston, Rutlandshire.

100

PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

PARKER* EARL OF MACCLESFIELD.

This family was founded by Thomas Parker, an eminent Lawyer,
who rose to the dignity of Lord High Chancellor, and Earl of
Macclesfield. He was son of Thoman Parker, an Attorney, at
Leake, in Staffordshire.

a That this name was anciently wrote Le Parker, is evident from our records t
William le Parker, in 127 1, *had a grant of free warren in all his lands in Eccles,
Lesingham, Hapesburg, Brumsted, and Shaleham, in the county of Norfolk.

Thomas Parker,-}- was seated at Bulwel, and a person of such ample posses,
sions, that in the reign of Richard II. he had to wife Elizabeth, daughter and
heir of Adam de Gotham, son of Thomas de Gotham, of Lees, son of Roger de
Gotham, of Lees, near Norton, in the county of Derby, of which lordship he
was also ewner, and now retains the name of Norton Lees. He had by the same
Elizabeth, three sons ; Robert, who continued the line j Thomas, of Norton
Lees, who had an only daughter, married to Thomas Moore, of Gieen Hill j and
William, seated at Shirland, in Derbyshire.

Robert Parker, his eldest ssn, was seated at Norton-Lef s ; and with his
younger brother, William, was certified, in 12 Henry VI. among the gentlemen
of the county of Derby, J who then, pursuant to an act of parliament, made oath
for the observance of the la v$, for themselves and retainers.

The said Robert having married Elizabeth, daughter and coheir of John Birley,
of Barnes, had issue several children ; of whom, the eldest son, John Parker, of
Norton-Lees, was at full age in jz Henry VI. for he also, being then wrote of
Norton,^ m^de oath with his father for the observation of the laws. The said
John had to wife Ellen, daughter of Roger North, of Walkringham, in Notting-
hamshire, ancestor to the present Earl of Guilford, by whom he had issue five
sons, and four daughters} John Parker, of Norton-Lees, the eldest san, married

' * Cart. 56 Hen. III. p. 1.

f Ex Stemmate, and Visitation of Derbyshire, 161 1.
% Fuller's Worthies in com. Derbyshire. § Ibid.

PARKER EARL OF MACCLESFIELD. 191

He was born at Leake aforesaid, and applying himself to the
■study of the laws, grew so eminent in the profession, that he was
appointed one of the Counsel to Queen Anne; and being called
to the degree of Serjeant at law, June 8th, 1/05, the motto of
the rings delivered on that occasion to Queen Anne, and Prince
George of Denmark, was Moribus, Armis, Legibus. He was the
same day appointed the Queen's Serjeant, and had the honour of
Knighthood conferred on him. He was member of Parliament
for Derby from 1705 to 1708. On March 15th, 17Q9-10,b he
was constituted Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench ; and on
the demise of the Queen, was one of the Lords Justices, till the
arrival of her successor from Hanover; who, on March 10th,
1715-lfj, created him a Baron of this kingdom, by the style and
title of Lord Parker, Baron of Macclesfield, in the County
cf Chester.

On May 12th, 17 18, his Majesty was pleased to deliver the

Elizabeth, daughter to Ralph Eyre, of Alfreton, and had issue three sons j John,
Henry, and Anthony; and a daughter, Margaret.

Henry, the fourth son of John Parker, by Ellen North, was Groom of the
Chamber to Henry VI1J. but left no issue. William, the fifth, was Sewer to
that King, and seated at Luton, in Bedfordshire $ and married Margaret, daugh-
ter to John Wroth, of Durance, in Enfield, in Middlesex, Esq. by whom he had
an only daughter, Barbara, his heir, married to John Wickham,of Enfield, father
by h'r of William Wickhjm.

Thomas Parker, second brother to the said Henry and William, had to wife

-1 daughter and heir of Parker, of his own family, by whom he had issue

William Parker, of Ashborn, in Derbyshire, who had three sens, George Par-
ker, of Nether-Lees ; Rowland, and-Edward. Which

George married Barbara, daughter of Burley, of Berkshire, and had

issue William Parker, of Parwich, in com, Derb. who died in 1631, aged
seventy-eight, having wedded Elizabeth, daughter to Humphry Wilson, and had
issue Thomas Parker, of Leke, in Staffordshire, the father of the Chancellor.

6 He had just been one of the managers of Sacheverell's Trial ; and distin-
gu'shed himself in a very particular manner in it. Holt, the Lord Chief Justice,
died during ihe trial. He wjs very learned in the Lw } and had upon great oc-
casions shewed an intrepid zeal in asserting its authority ; for he ventured on the
indignation of both Houses of Parliament by turns, when he thought the Law
was with him. He was a man of good judgment, and great integrity ; and set
himself with great application to the functions of this important pest. Imme-
diately on his death Parker was made Lord Chief Justice. This great promotion
seemed an evident demonstration of the Queen's approving the prosecution ; for
none of the managers had treated Sacheverell so severely as he had done; yet
secret whispers were pretty confidently set about, that though the Queen's affairs
put her on acting the part of one that was pleased with this scene, yet she disliked
it all, and would take the first occasion to shew it." Burnefs 0. T. II. 540,

]02 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Great Seal to his Lordship, and to declare him Chancellor of
Great Britain ; two days after which he was sworn at Ken-
sington, the King present in Council, and took his place at the
board accordingly ; and was congratulated upon his promotion
by the university of Cambridge. He was one of the Lords Jus-
tices whilst George I. was at Hanover, so appointed May 9th,
1719. On June 4th, that year, he was appointed Custos Rotulo-
rnm of the county of Warwick : also on October 19th following,
Custos Rotulorum of the county of Worcester.

On November 5th, 1721, 8 George I.c he was advanced to the
dignities of Viscount Parker, of Eivelme, in Oxfordshire, and
Earl of Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, in tail-male,
remainder to hold the dignities of Lady Parker, Baroness of
Macclesfield, Viscountess Parker of Ewelme, and Countess of
Macclesfield, to Elizabeth, his daughter, wife of William Heath-
cote, Esq. and to the heirs male of her body.

In June 1/25, his Lordship was impeached on charges of Cor-
ruption. He was tried at the Bar of the House, and unanimously
pronounced Guilty, on May 2f3th : in consequence of which he
was removed from his high office, and fined 30,000 l.d

(C This every way distinguished character," says Noble, in his
Continuation of Granger, " was the son of Mr. Thomas Parker,
an attorney, at Leake, in Staffordshire -, in the chancel of which
church I have read the inscription on his gravestone. He left
his son about ]00l. per ann. &c. He received the Great Seal, May
11th, 1708, which he held till January 4th, 1724-5, &c. It was
an extraordinary event, that Lord Macclesfield, one of the great
ornaments of the Peerage, who had so long presided at the admi-
nistration of justice, should himself be arraigued as a Criminal 5
be convicted of mal-practices ; and sentenced to pay a fine of
30,0001. as a punishment for his offence: that a second Lord
Chancellor of England should be impeached by the Grand Inquest
of the nation, for corruption of office ; and be like his great pre-
decessor, Lord St. Albans, found guilty of the charge. The pro-
secution was carried on with great virulence j and though rigid
justice indeed demanded a severe sentence, yet party zeal, and
personal animosity, were supposed to have had their weight in
that which was passed upon him. The whole fine was exacted;
and actually paid by his Lordship and his son, notwithstanding
the favourable disposition that was shewn in a certain quarter, to

c Bill signat. 8 Geo. I. A See Coote's Hist, of Engl. VIII. 265, Sec.

PARKER EARL OF MACCLESFIELD. 193

relieve him in part by a considerable donation. It is certain there
had been gross mismanagement in the offices of the Masters in
Chancery, by which the suitors had been great sufferers; and it
appeared that those places had been somerimes conferred upon
persons who had evidently paid for them a valuable consideration.
The public cry against corruption in high stations was loud and
long; and it was not thought prudent to stay the proceedings
against the supreme Judge in the kingdom. The statute on
which the Chancellor was impeached had indeed grown into dis-
use, but it was still a law: a breach of it was proved, and the
consequence was inevitable. Lord Macclesfield was a man of
learning, and a patron of it. Bishop Pearce, of Rochester, among
others, owed his first introduction to preferment to his Lordship's
encouragement. He was also very eminent for his skill in his
profession; but rather great than amiable in bis general charac-
ter. Hev was austere, and not deemed sufficiently attentive to
the gentlemen of his court, to whom his manners are represented
to have been harsh and ungracious, unlike the mild and compla-
cent demeanour of his predecessor, Lord Cowper. His Lordship
passed the remainder of his life in a learned retirement, much
devoted to the studies of religion, of which he had always been a
strict and uniform observer. "e

His Lordship married Janet, daughter and coheir of Charles
Carrier, of Wirkwith, in the county of Derby, Esq. and by her
(who died August 23d, 1733), had issue George the second Earl
of Macclesfield, and the Lady Elizabeth before mentioned, mar-
ried on April 7th, 1720, to William Heathcote, of Hursley, in the
county of Southampton, Esq. afterwards created a Baronet :
which Lady died at her house in St. James's-square, February
21st, 17^7- His Lordship died f at his son's house in Soho-square,
in the sixty sixth year of his age, on April 28th, 1732, and was
buried at Shirburn, in Oxfordshire ; esteemed for the social vir-
tues of a husband, parent, and a master, by every one to whom
he stood in those relations.

George, his only son, second Earl of Macclesfield, was,
in the lifetime of his father, constituted one of the Tellers of the
Exchequer for life. His Lordship, 172*0,, set out on his travels,
accompanied by Edward Wright, Esq. a gentleman of a refined
and elegant taste, in all useful knowledge and polite literature ;
and after three years tour through France, Italy, &c. &c. returned

« Noble's Granger, III. 90. f See Park's R. and N. A. IV. 145.

VOL. IV. O

1Q4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to England. Mr. Wright published an account thereof in two
volumes in quarto, illustrated with several prints from his own
accurate drawings, as he had a masterly hand, both in designing
and painting. His Lordship had a great share in framing and
carrying on the act of parliament for altering the style : and at
the second reading thereof, made a speech in the house of Peers,
which he was prevailed on to publish, by the pressing instance
of a great many of the Lords who heard it.* Several foreign
Academies chose his Lordship one of their members. On No-
vember 30th, 1752, he was unanimously elected President of the
Royal Society, on the resignation of the late valuable and learned
Martin Folkes, Esq. and at the installation of John Earl of West-
moreland, as Chancellor of the university of Oxford, on July 3d,
1759, his Lordship received the honostfry degree of Doctor of
Law. At the funeral procession of Frederick Prince of Wales,
on April 13th, 1751, his Lordship was one of the supporters of
the pall.

On September 18th, 1722, his Lordship married Mary, eldest
of the two daughters and coheirs of Ralph Lane, Esq. an eminent
Turkey merchant, lineally descended from William Lane, of
Glendon, Esq.h and of Anne his wife, daughter and heir to John
Isham, of Pightesley, in com. Northamp. Esq. and was son of
Richard Lane, Esq. son and heir of Robert Lane, Esq. who died
before his father Sir William Lane, who was possessed of Hor-
ton, as well as Glendon, in com. Northamp. his father Sir Robert
Lane (son of Sir Ralph Lane), acquiring the seat and estate at
Horton, from his mother, Maud,1 who was the eldest daughter
and coheir of William Lord Parr, of Horton, December 23d, 25
Henry VII. and was second daughter of Sir William Parr, Knt.
by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heir of John Lord Roos, of
Kirby-Kendal ; whose grandson, William Parr, was Earl of Essex,
and Marquis of Northampton.

By his said Lady, his Lordship had issue two sons; Thomas
third Earl of Macclesfield. And,

2. George-Lane Parker, born September 6th, 1724, taking to
a military life, was made Captain of a Company in the first Re-
giment of Foot-guards, and on February 19th, 1762, allowed the
rank of Colonel. On April 30th, 1770* was advanced to the rank
of Major-General; and on August 29th, 1777, promoted to that
of Lieutenant General. He was also Colonel of the 20th Regi-

g See Park's R. and N. A. IV. 272.

b Vis. de Com. Northamp. in Bibl. Harley.

1 MS. Jekil's Barones Extinct, p. 82.

PARKER EARL OF MACCLESFIELD. J 95

ment of Foot, and member of Parliament for Tregony, 1774.
He died September 6th, 1791* having married in May, 1782,
Lady Cottrell Dormer, relict of Sir Cottrell D. and daughter and
heir of Cesar.

His Lordship's Lady, who was endowed with all virtues, de-
ceased on June 4th, 1753. She ordered her body not to be dres-
sed in linen and laces, but in woollen j and instead of velvet, her
coffin to be covered with cloth j and that the expense saved by
it should go to the clothing of some of her poor neighbours. Ac-
cordingly thirty poor women were put into mourning, who
walked in procession at her funeral, and before it had a repast at
Shirburn, in Oxfordshire, where she was privately interred, and
each of them, at their going home, received a half- peck loaf. His

Lordship, in November 1757, married Dorothy, daughter of

Nesbit, but died without any issue by her on March 17th, 1704,
and was buried at Shirbournej and she died July 14th, 1779.

Thomas, third Earl of Macclesfield, was born on Oc-
tober 12th, 1723, was chosen one of the members for Newcastle-
under-Line, to the Parliament summoned in 1747. He was re-
turned for the county of Oxford in 1754, and for the city of
Rochester in 1761. His Lordship was LL.D. Fellow of the
Royal Society j and on December 12th, 1749, married his cousin
Mary, eldest daughter of Sir William Heathcote, of Hursley, in
Hampshire, Bart, by which Lady he had two sons :

1. George, present Earl.

2. Thomas Parker, who was originally in the Foot Guards;
and in the late war raised and commanded the Oxfordshire Regi-
ment of Fencible Cavalry. He married, first, on March 16th,
1796, Miss Edwards, daughter of Lewis Edwards, Esq. of Lud-
low ; and by her, who is deceased, had a daughter, born in 1 797.
He married, secondly, March 19th, 1807, Eliza, youngest daugh-
ter of William Breton Wolsten holme, Esq. of Holly-hill, in Sus-.
sex (one of the sons of the late Eliab Breton, of Forty-hill, in
Middlesex ; and Norton, in Northamptonshire, Esq.)

And three daughters: 1. Lady Elizabeth, born June 29th,
1751, married, November 16th, 1773, John Fane, Esq. of
Wormsley, in Oxfordshire, and has a numerous issue.

2. Lady Mary, born March 27th, 1753.

3. Lady Anne, died in 1774,

His Lordship died February 9th, 1795, leaving a character for
eminent acquirements in science.
He was succeeded by his son and heir, George, fourth Earl

196 ' PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

of Macclesfield, born February 24th, 1755. He was a Lord
of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales : elected 1790, M. P.
for Minehead j made Comptroller of his Majesty's Household,
1791, which he held till 1797- His Lordship was appointed Cap-
tain of the Yeomen of the Guard, June 24th, 1804. He L High
Steward of Henley, LL.D. and F. R. S.

His Lordship married May 25th, 1780, Mary Frances, daugh-
ter and coheir of Thomas Drake, D. D. Rector of Amersham,
Bucks, by whom he has had issue a son, George, who died an
infant, and an only daughter, Maria, born Jan. 23d, 1781, and
married, November 13th, 1802, Lord Binning, only son of Charles
Earl of Haddington.

Titles. George Parker, Earl of Macclesfield, Viscount Parker,
and Baron Parker of Macclesfield.

Creations. Baron Parker, of Macclesfield, in Cheshire, March
10th, 1715-16, 2 Geo. J. ; Viscount Parker, of Ewelme, in Ox-
fordshire, and Earl of Macclesfield, November 5th, 1721, 8
Geo. I.

Arms, Gules, a Chevron between three leopards faces, Or.

Crest. On a wreath a leopard's head erased and guardant, Or,
ducal ly gorged, Gules.

Supporters. Two leopards, reguardant, proper, each gorged
with a ducal coronet, Gules.

Motto. Sapere Aude.

Chief Seat, At Shirburne-Castle, in the county of Oxford,

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. * 197

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET.

i
That the name of this family was anciently wrote Ricards, alias
Fermour, appears as well from other authorities., as from the last
will and testament of Thomas Ricards, alias Fermour ; whose
mother was the daughter and heir of the family of Fermour;
and his father, Ricards, of Welch extraction, by tradition in the
family. In the said will, dated a September 9th, 1485, he is
wrote Thomas Ricards, alias Fermour^ senior, of Whitney, in
Oxfordshire; and thereby orders his body to be buried in the
chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, in the church of Whitney, and be-
queaths 20 1. to the altar in the chancel of the Blessed Virgin
Mary^ in that church, for his tithes forgotten. He also bequeaths
to the building of the isle of the Blessed Mary Magdalen in the
said church, called Carsewell Isle, 201. To Emmotte his wife,
he bequeaths 2001. with his goods and utensils in 1ms house at
Whitney. To William, his son, 200 marks, and all his lands in
the villages of Cogges and Burford. To Laurence, his son, 200
marks, and all his lands in Chadlington. To Richard, his son,
200 marks, and all his lands in Filkingre and Langford. To
Alice, John, and Elizabeth Wenman, children of Emmotte, his
spouse, by Henry Wenman, to their marriages, jOl. 7 s. And
the rest of his goods, lands, &c. till his sons come to the age of
twenty-one years, he bequeaths to Emmotte, his wife, whom he
constitutes executrix, and Sir Richard Harcourt, Knight, super-
visor. -

He soon after departed this life, as appears by the probate of
the said will, dated November 8th, following. By Alice his first

* Ex Regis'* in Cur. Praerog. Cnt. vocat. Logge, q. 18,

198 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wife, he had issue Laurence, his son and heir, who was of Min-
ster-Lovel, in Oxfordshire, aud had a son, William, who died
without issue, and a daughter, Mary, married to Thomas Benolt,
Clarencieux King of Arms.

Emmotte,b his second wife, who survived him, was widow of
Henry Wenman, daughter and heir of Simkin Hervey, of Here-
fordshire, Esq. and by her he had issue,

1. Richard, ancestor to the present Earl of Pomfret; and

2. William, Clerk of the Crown, who was seated at the fair house
and lordship of Summerton, upon the river Cherwel, in Oxford-
shire, and having married four wives, left no issue male 3 and at
his death, bequeathed all his lands to Thomas, the second son of
his brother Richard, whose posterity remain the worthy possessors
of it to this day, although they have removed their habitation to
Tusmore, three miles distant from it.

The said William lies buried in a chapel on the south-side of
the chancel of Summerton, under a great raised monument of
grey marble, whereon lies the portraitures of a gentleman and his
wife, in brass, and under them this inscription :

Here lyeth buried Mr. William Fermour y Esq. whych was lorn
of this Towne and Patrone of this Churche, and also Clarke of the
Ctownt in the Kings Bench in King Henry the 7th and King
Henry the S'h Dayes, whyche died the 20th Day of Jler in the
Year of our Lord God a MCCCCCLH: and also here lyeth Mestres
Elizabeth Fermour, his last Wyffe, which was the Daughter of
Sr Will01 Korrysse, Knight, upon whose and all Christene Soules
Ihu have mercy.

And at Home Church, in Essex, was the following inscription
for another of his wives.

Here lyeth Katherin the daughter of SW William Powlet,
Knyght, wyfof William Fermour, c/arke of the crown. Who died
May 26, the second of Henry the eighte,

■*

Richard Fermour, his brother, having been bred a merchant

of the staple of Calais, raised a noble fortune, and settled himself
at Eston-Neston juxta Towcester, in Northamptonshire, which,
together with the hundred and manor of Towcester, he had pur-
chased, as also many fair lands and royalties in that county 5 at

* Visitation of Shropshire, M. S.

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. lgg

which seat he lived many years with great splendor and hospi-
tality. But being a very zealous Romanist, and not complying with
the frequent alterations in religion, introduced by Henry VIII. he
changed his hospitality into charity for those of his opinion j and
fell under that King's heavy displeasure, for conveying relief to
one Nicholas Thayne, formerly his Confessor, and at that time a
close prisoner in the gaol of Buckingham, although nothing was
ever legally proved against him, except that he had sent him 8 d.
and a couple of shirts. But his great wealth, and Thomas Crom-
well Earl of Essex, the King's Vicar-General, were powerful in-
centives to his ruinj and being c found guilty of a praemunire, his
whole estate, both real and personal, was seized on for the King's
use 5 and executed with such strictness and severity, that nothing
was left him or his family.

Oned of our historians, living in that age, writes, that he was
a rich and wealthy man, and of a good estimation in the city, but
for relieving certain traitorous persons, who denied the King's
supremacy, he was commitied to the Marshalsea, in July 1540,
and after, in Westminster-Hall, was arraigned, and attainted in
a praemunire, and lost all his estate.

The good old man, when he was stript of all he had, retired
to a village called Wapenham, in sight of his former habitations,
and lived in the parsonage house there j the advowson of which
had been in his gift, and the parson thereof presented by him.
There he passed several years with a most consummate piety, and
entire resignation, till 1550.

In the time of his prosperity he had in his family, according
to the custom of the age, a servant, Will Somers, who, by his
witty or frothy discourses, past for his jester ; and afterwards
served the king himself in the same office and capacity. This
man remembering with some gratitude his first master, and hav-
ing admission to the King at all times and places, especially when
sick, melancholy, and towards his end, let fall some lucky words,
which awakened the King's conscience, so as at least to endeavour
a restitution $ and accordingly he gave immediate orders about
it j but being prevented by death, it was never effectually per-
formed till the 4th year of Edward VI. by letters patent, bearing
that date : but so miserably lopt and torn, by the several grants
and sales made by the Crown during the aforesaid interval, that

c Stow's Ann. edit. 1614. p. 580.
* Hall, in his Life of K. Henry VIII. fol. 14a.

200 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

what he did obtain was not one third of what he had before pos*
sessed. Those lands restored to him were, the lordships and ma-
nors of Towcestour, and Eston-Neston, the advowsons of the
rectories of Cold-Higham, and of the vicarage of Eston-Neston,
the hundred of Wilmersley, with very large privileges thereto be-
longing, and several houses in Cotton-End, in the county of
Northampton j the lordship and manor of Offley St. Legers, in
the county of Hereford ; the lordship and manor of Granno, in
the county of Worcester ; the lordship and manors of Lutonhoe,
and the hermitage lands in Luton, and Runtisford Farm, in Run-
tisford, in the county of Bedford. Yet King Edward, to make
some compensation, granted by the same charter, to Richard
Fermor, and his heirs, several other lordships, manors, lands, and
tenements, viz. the lordships and manors of Corsecomb, Hol-
stocke, Nether-Stoke, and the advowson of the rectory of Corse-
combe, in the county of Dorset j the manor of Mudfort, in the
county of Somerset j the house and seat of the then late dissolved
priory of Swadersly, and divers woods and lands thereto belong-
ing} the manor of Hide in Rode, and several lands in Rode in
Ashen, in the county of Northampton ; the manor of Newport
Pound, and the advowson of the rectory and church of Rawrith,
in the county of Essex, &c. Yet all this was but a small com-
pensation for the great loss he had sustained.

He therefore, being repossessed of part of his estate, and of
some addition, as aforesaid, returned to his mansion-house at
Eston-Neston, where he departed this life on e November 17th,
1552. It is further remarkable, that having some foreknowledge
of his own death, he invited on that very day many of his friends
and neighbours, and taking leave of them, retired to his devotions,
and was found dead in that posture, and afterwards buried on
the north side of the chancel of the parish church of Eston-Nes-
ton,. under a grey marble tomb. Anne his wife survived him,
and after her decease was buried at Eston-Neston j she was
daughter to Sir William Brown, Lord Mayor of London -f by
whom he had five sons, and five daughters; viz.

I . Sir John, ancestor to the present Earl of Pomfret.

3. William. 3. George, who both died infants.

4. (Thomas Fermor, who inherited the estate of Wiliam, his
uncle, at Summerton, was one of the members f for Chipping-

e Bridgets Northamptonshire, Vol. I. p. 292.
f Willis's Not. Par), p. rco.

FERMOtl EARL OF POMFRET. 201

Wicomb, in the Parliament held in 5 Eliz.; and makes his will
on June 15th, 1580, ^whereby he orders his body to be buried in
the church of Summerton, as near to the body of Bridget, his
late wife, as conveniently may be; and that his executors, within
three years after his death, cause to be erected such a tomb of
alabaster to be set over the bodies of him and his late wife, as
they shall think convenient. He was a benefactor to Summerton,
and Chinnor, in Oxfordshire; Bridgnorth and Asteley, in Shrop-
shire; and Wapenham, in Northamptonshire. Also leaves his
estate to his son, Richard Fermour, and his daughter, Mary; and
for default of issue, to his nephew, Nicholas Fermor; except the
manors of Fritwell and Ganne, which he wills, if they decease
without issue, to Jerome Fermour, his brother, according to the
gift of his uncle, William Fermour, of Summerton. It likewise
appears, that he founded a school at Summerton, with provision
for a school-master; and that Nicholas Fermour, his nephew, was
son of Jerome, his brother. According to his will, his executors
erected in the chapel of Summerton church, a raised monument
of white marble, whereon lies his effigies in armour, and the
effigies of his wife, both on their backs ; and round the verge is
this inscription :

Thovice .Farmer, Armigero, viro animi magnitudine contra
Hostes, beneficentia erga Doctos admirabili, Domino hujus tcrru
torii lenignissimo, & novce Scholce Fundatori Optimo, in perpe-
tuam sui, suceq. conjugis, Brigitt<e , fcemince lectissimce, memoriam,
ex Testamento executores sui hoc monumentum Jlentes erexerunt.
Obiit vero Anno Domini Millesimo quingentisimo octogesimo die
Augusti octavo.

It has been already mentioned, that his posterity still remains,
or lately remained, at Tusmore and Summerton.

5. Jerome Fermour, who died on September 7th, 1602, and
together with Jane his wife, lies buried at Towcester, in North-
amptonshire.

The five daughters were, Joan, first married to Robert Wilford,
of the county oi Kent, Esq. and after to Sir John Mordaunt, of
Thorndon, in Essex, Knight. Anne, espoused to William Lucy,
of Charlecote, in Warwickshire, Esq. Elizabeth, to Thomas
Lovet, of Astwell, in Northamptonshire, Esq. Ursula, to Richard
Fynes, of Broughton, in Oxfordshire, Esq. father to Richard Lord

g Ex Reg. Arundel, qu. 30 »a Cur. Praerog. Cant.

202 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Say and Sele j and Mary, wedded to Sir Richard Knightley, of
Fausley, in Northamptonshire, Knt. : she died h September 27th,
1573, and was buried at Fausley.

Sir John Fermor, the eldest son and heir, was made s one of
the Knights of the Carpet, at Westminster, on October 2d, 1553,
the day after the Coronation of Queen Mary, in her presence
under the cloth of state, by the Earl of Arundel, who had her
Majesty's commission to execute that honour. He was in that
reign k chose Knight of the shire for the county of Northampton
in two Parliaments j and was Sheriff of the county in the 4th
and 5th of Philip and Mary. He died on December 12th, 1571,
at little St- Bartholomew's, in London,"1 and from thence was
brought to his house at Easton-Neston, and buried in the parish
church there on Thursday the 20th of the same month, with
great solemnity, the Officers of Arms attending his funeral. He
married Maud, daughter of Sir Nicholas Vaux, Knt. Lord Vaux,
of Harrowden (who died before him, on April 14th, 1509, and
was buried at Easton-Neston), and by her n had living, at the
time of his decease,

1. George Fermor, Esq. his son and heir.

2. Nicholas, who died unmarried.

And, 3. Richard, who married Dionysia, daughter of Robert
Tanfield, of Burford, in Oxfordshire, Esq. by whom he had an
only daughter, Catherine, first married to Philip Godard, Esq. ;
secondly, to Sir Richard Wenman, of Tame, in Oxfordshire,
Knight.

Also three daughters; Catharine, married to Michael Poul-
teney, of Misterton, in Leicestershire, Esq. ; and, secondly, to
Sir Henry Darcey, Knt.j Anne, wedded to Sir Edward Leigh, of
Shawel, in Leicestershire, Knt.j and Mary, espoused to Sir Tho-
mas Lucas, of St. John's, in Colchester, in the county of Essex,
Knt. ; ° she died July 5th, 1 613, and is buried in St. Giles's church
in Colchester.

George Fermor, his eldest son, succeeding him, spent all his
youth in the Netherlands, under that great captain in arms Wil-
liam Prince of Orange; and for his services there had the
p honour of knighthood conferred on him, in the year 1586, by
Robert Earl of Leicester, the Queen's general. In these wars in

11 Bridges'* Northamp. Vol. I. p. 6$»

1 Strype's Memor. Vol. III. Append, p. ii;

k Collect, of B. Willis MS. I Fuller's Worthies, p. 246.

» Funeral Certificate, MS. I. 16. p. 106, in Offic. Armor. n Ibid.

0 Moraat's Hist, of Colchester. P Stow's Annals, p. 738.

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. 203

the Netherlands he contracted a friendship with the famous Sir
Philip Sidney, and walked at his funeral among his kindred and
friends. On his retirement to his house at Easton-Neston, he
lived for several years in great splendor and hospitality, and was
Sheriff of Northamptonshire, in 31 Eliz. but once again left his
native country, and travelled into Italy -, yet on what occasion it
not said.

After his return home he still maintained the old English po-
pular way of living, and had the honour to receive and entertain
James I. and his Queen, at Easton aforesaid, the first time they
ever met in England,^ viz, on June 11th, 1(503, where he gave
both courts a very costly and magnificent entertainment j and the
King before his departure r conferred the honour of Knighthood
on his son and heir, Sir Hatton Fermor, together with nine other
gentlemen.

He died in a good old age, on December 1st, 1012; and on
January 14th following,5 was buried in the chancel of Easton-
Neston church with great solemnity, and a noble tomb of alabas-
ter is erected to his memory. Mary his wife, was god-daughter
and maid of honour to Queen Mary; by whose gift she was
possessed of the manor and estate of Westning, in Bedfordshire,
now in the family. She was daughter and heir of Thomas Cur-
son,1 of Addington, in Buckinghamshire, Esq. second son of
Walter Curson, of Water-Perry, in Oxfordshire, Esq.: she survived
him till October 12th, 1628, and was buried at Easton-Neston j
by whom he had seven sons. He married her in January 1572,

1 . Edward, who died unmarried.

2. Hatton, who succeeded him.

3. Robert, who was slain in Ireland, without issue, l6l6. ^

4. George. 5. Richard. 6. Devercux. And, 7. William,
who all four attended at their father's funeral, and died without
issue.

Also eight daughters j whereof three died unmarried, and
Agnes was married to Sir Richard Wenman, of Thame Park, in
Oxfordshire, Knight ; Elizabeth, to Sir William Stafford, of Bla-
therwick, iu Northamptonshire, Knight. : and, secondly, to Sir
Thomas Chamberlain, of Oxfordshire, Knt. one of the Justices
of the King's Bench, and Chief Justice of Chester j Jane, married

1 Stow's Annals, p. 8z3« r Philpot's Catalogue of Knights, p. 13.

* MS. cnt. Funeral Ceremonies, Not. 10, in Bibl. Joh. Anstis, Arm.
• This family sold Addington, in the time of Charles I. to John Busby, whose
grandgon, Sir John Busby, of Addington, Knighted x66r, died 1700.

204 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

to Sir John Killigrew, of Falmouth-Castle, in Cornwall ; Catha-
rine, to William Hobby, of Hales, in Gloucestershire, Esq. ; and
Mary, to Robert Crichton, Lord Sanquhar, a Scottish Peer (who
was hanged at London, June 29th, ]6l2, without issue); and,
secondly to Barnaby O'Brien, Earl of Thomond, in Ireland.

Hatton Fermor, his son and heir, knighted in the lifetime of
his father, as before mentioned, succeeded him in his estate; and
living constantly in the country, at his seat at Easton-Neston, was
Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 15 Jac I. He married two wives;
Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edmund Anderson, Lord Chief Justice
of the Common Pleas ; who dying without issue, he took to his
second wife, Anna, daughter of Sir William Cockain, Lord Mayor
of London, by whom he had five sons; viz.

1. Sir William Fermor, Bart, who succeeded him.

2. Hatton, who was Major of Horse to the Prince of Wales,
and died at nineteen years of age; crowning his unspotted youth
with a noble death, valiantly fighting for Charles 1. January 1 1th,
1644-5, at Culham- Bridge, near Oxford.

3. Charles. 4. George. And, 5. Richard, all died young.
Also six daughters; Mary, wife of Sir Charles Compton, second

son to Spencer Earl of Northampton, and died in 166O; Anne,
wife of Jonathan Cope, of Ranton- abbey, in Staffordshire, Esq.
grandfather to Sir Jonathan Cope, of Brewern-abbey, in Oxford-
shire, Bart.; Arabella, and Elizabeth, both died unmarried -, Ca-
tharine, died an infant; a second Catharine was married to Sir
John Shuckburgh, of Shuckburgh, in Warwickshire, Bart, j and,
lastly, to Sir Roger Norwich, of Brampton, in the county of
Northampton, Bart.

Sir Hatton having broken his leg by a fall out of his coach,
died of it, October 28th, 1(540, and was buried at Easton-Neston
afortsaid, near his ancestors, under a tomb of black and white
, marble, erected by Anna his wife, who survived him twenty-five
years ; and with a manly courage and constancy sustained as well
the hardships of imprisonment, as fines and confiscations, to the
last of those unhappy times, wherein the nation was in the greatest
ferment, and all things in the utmost confusion. Which,

Sir William Fermor, Bart.u pursuing the steps of his ances-
tors, took up arms in defence of the Royal Party ; and notwith-
standing his youth, was honoured with the command of a troop

u He is called BaroneU in his epitaph ; but I presume it was only a mistake for
Knight Banner tt.

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. 205

■
of horse by Charles I made one of the Privy- Chamber to the

Prince his son, and served them to the last with unshaken loyalty
and honour. And with the same constancy and courage took his
lot of suffering with them, until he and his family were near
ruined for their loyalty, as his ancestor Richard Fermor had been
before for his religion. Among other hardships, he was obliged
to x compound for his estate for 14001. with the sequestrators.
At last the scene changed, and he happily lived to see his Royal
Master restored and crowned; and was elected a member for the
town of Brackley, in Northamptonshire, in that Parliament which
met at Westminster on May 18th, l66l ; but died of the small-
pox on the 14th following : having been nominated one of the
Knights of the Bath at the coronation of King Charles II. and
catched that distemper in performing the ceremonies of the said
order. Mary, his beloved wife, who survived him, died on July
18th, 1670, and was buried at Easton-Neston; she was daughter
of Hugh Perry, of London, Esq. and relict of Henry Noel, second
son of Edward Viscount Camden : a matron venerable for virtue
and piety; a faithful sharer of all fortunes with him, and most
affectionately careful of her children, who were very young at his
death; viz. William, created Lord Lempster ; Henry, Charles,
George, Richard, who all died at men's estate, but unmarried ;
also two daughters; Mary, who died young; and Anna, who
was born after her father's death, and died unmarried at her house
in Denmark-street, in the parish of St. Giles in the Fields, in
June 1740.

William, Lord Lempster, erected from the very foundation
at Easton-Neston aforesaid (the ancient seat of his family), a re-
gular and fair pile of building of freestone; added pleasant gar-
dens and plantations; and adorned the whole with a magnificent
and costly collection of ancient Greek, Roman, and Egyptian
statues. He was created a Peer by letters patent, bearing date
April 12th, 1622, and having married three wives ; first, Jane,
daughter of Andrew Barker, of Fairford, in Gloucestershire, Esq.
by her had a daughter, Elizabeth, who died unmarried in y March
1705, and was buried at Fairford ; and by his second wife, Ca-
tharine,2 eldest daughter to John Lord Paulet, by his first wife,
and half-sister to John Earl Paulet, he had one daughter, Mary,
married to Sir John Woodhouse, of Kimberley, in the county of

* List of Compounders, Ed. 1655, in Letter F.
y Le Neve's Mon. Ang. Vol. IV. p. 105. z Harl. MS. No. 1040.

206 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Norfolk, Bart, and died October 24th, 1729, buried at Kimber-
ley. His third wife was the lady Sophia, sixth daughter of Tho-
mas Duke of Leeds, relict of Donatus Lord O'Brien, grandson
and heir to Henry Earl of Thomond; and by her he had issue two
sons, and four daughters; Thomas Earl of Pomfret; William;
Sophia, who died young; Catharine, who died in the twenty-
fourth year of her age, on April 11th, 1719; Bridget, who died
unmarried ; and Matilda, married to Edward Conyers, of Copt-
hall, in com. Essex, Esq. and died in 1741.

His Lordship died on December 7*hj 17 11, after a long indis-
position, and was buried with his ancestors ; and his third Lady,
died on December 8th, 1746.

Thomas second Lorb Lempster, his son and heir,a was
created Earl of Pomfret, alias Pontefract, m the county of
York, December 27th, 1721, and was elected one of the Knights
of the most honourable Order of the Bath, May 27th, 1725.
Also on September 27th, 1727, was appointed Master of the
Horse to her Majesty Queen Caroline.

On February 5th, 1750-1, his Lordship had a grant of the
office of Ranger and Keeper of St. James's Park. And deceasing
Sunday July 8th, 1753, aged fifty-five, was buried at Easton-
Neston, being succeeded in his honours and estate by his eldest
son, George, the second Earl of Pomfret.

The said Thomas, Earl of Pomfret, married on July 14th, 1720,
Henrietta-Louisa, daughter and sole heir to John Lord Jeffreys,
Baron of Wem, by the Lady Charlotte Herbert, daughter and heir
of Philip Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, &c.

Her Ladyship was, with her friend, the Countess of Hertford,
Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Caroline; at whose death, in
1737, they both retired from courtly life; the former, on a con-
tinental tour with Lord Pomfret, through France, Italy, and a
part of Germany, for about three years, during which time her
Correspondence with Lady Hertford continued; and has been
recently given to the public in three volumes, 12mo. After Lord
Pomfret's death, a part of the Arundelian Marbles, which had
been purchased by his father, were presented by the Countess, in
1755, to the University of Oxford, where they are now depo-
sited.1' She died December 15th, 1761. By her he had issue four
sons, and six daughters.

1. George, second Earl of Pomfret.

* Bill Signal. 8 George I. * Park's R. and N. A. IV. 244.

FERMOR EARL OF POMFRET. 20*

2. William, who was captain of a man of war, and died in
1749, unmarried.

3. John, who deceased at the age of three years; and 4. Tho-
mas, who also died unmarried.

Lady Sophia, born May 29th, 1721, married, in 1744, to John
Earl Granville; and died in the year 1745.

Lady Charlotte, born February 14th, 1725, married, in 1746,
to the Right Hon. William Finch, Esq. brother to the late Earl
of Winchelsea, by whom she was mother to the present Earl of
Winchelsea and Nottingham. She was afterwards Governess to
their Majesties' younger children, and is still living.

Lady Henrietta, born September 29th, 1 727, married, January
13th, 1747, to John Conyers, of Copthall, in Essex, Esq. who
died September 7th, 1775, aged 57 1 and died November 25th,
1793, leaving issue.

Lady Juliana, born May 21st, 1729, married in August, 17*1,
to Thomas Penn, then one of the proprietors of Pennsylvania, and
of Braywick, in Berkshire, Esq. and had issue.

Lady Louisa, born February 23d, 1731, one of the Ladies of
the Bedchamber to the Princess Amelia, married, 175 7, William
Clayton, Esq. son of Sir William Clayton, Bart.

Lady Anne, married, July 15th, 1754, to Thomas Dawson,
Esq. of Dawson's-Grove, co. of Monaghan, Ireland, since created
Viscount Cremome, in Ireland ; and died March 1st, 1769.

George, second Earl of Pomfret, was, by his present Ma-
jesty, appointed one of the Lords of his Bedchamber, and Ranger
or Keeper of the little Park at Windsor; also one of his Majesty's
Privy-council. His Lordship, on April 30th, 1764, married Miss
Anna Maria Drayton, of Sunbury, in Middlesex, to whom Lady
Jane Coke, relict of Robert Coke, Esq. (brother to Thomas late
Earl of Leicester), and eldest sister of Philip late Duke of Whar-
ton, left a very great fortune. His Lordship was also Keeper of
his Majesty's lower parks and house at Windsor. His Lordship
died June 9th, 1785, having had issue by his Countess aforesaid,
who survived till September 23d, 1787, two sons, and a daughter,
viz.

1. George, present Earl.

2. Thomas- William, born November 22d, 1770, a Captain,
with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, in the third Regiment of
Foot Guards.

3. Lady Charlotte, born November 20th, 1766, married, Au-
gust 1st, 178/, Peter Denys, Esq.

208 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. .

George, eldest son, succeeded as third Earl of Pomfret.
He was born January 6th, 1768, and married, August 29th, 1793,
Miss Browne, daughter and heiress of Trollope Browne, Esq. with
whom he had a fortune of £. 100,000 *K but by her has no issue.
He is at present a Captain in the Northamptonshire Militia.

Titles. George Fermor, Earl of Pomfret, and Lord Lempster.

Creations. Lord Lempster, in com. Heref. April 12th (1692)
4 "V^ill. and Mar. j Earl of Pomfret, in com. Ebor. December 27th
(1721) 8 Geo. I.

Arms. Argent, a Fess, Sable, between three lions heads erased,
Gules.

Crest. Out of a ducal coronet, Or, a cock's head issuing, Gules,
crested and wattled, Or.
■Supporters. Two lions proper.

Motto. Hora e Sempre.

Chief Seats. At Easton-Neston, in the county of Northamp^
ton 5 and Sunbury, in Middlesex.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 209

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM.

According to the Scotch historians,* this illustrious family is as
ancient as the restoration of the monarchy of Scotland by Fer-
gus II. and derive their origin from the renowned Greme, who
governing Scotland during the minority of his grandchild, Eu-
gene II. (whose reign began A. D. 41 ()), had divers engagements
with the Britons, and, by forcing that mighty rampart they had
reared up between the rivers of Forth and Clyde, immortalized
his name so much, as to this day that trench is called Graham's-
Dyke.

It is certain the family is as ancient as any in Scotland now on
record 5 for William de Greme is one of the witnesses to the
foundation of Holy-Rood-House Abbey, by David I. in 1125;
and after, at the special instance of the said King, he gave to the
Monks of Hadington, the lands of Clerkingtoun, when Adda,
Countess of Northumberland, founded that convent.

Sir David Graeme, Knight, Pater, the direct ancestor of the
illustrious family of Montrose, obtained a grant of the lands of
Charltoun, and Burrow field, infra Vic. de Forfar cum Dominiis
& Tenendariis Thanagi de Kinaber,b from King William, who
was styled the Lion, and reigned from 11 65 to 1214. He also,
in the beginning of the reign of Alexander II. who succeeded
King William, obtained a charter of the land of Clifton, and
Clifton-Holl, in Mid-Lothian (the superiority of which is still in
the family of Montrose), from Henry de Graeme, who is de-
signed his cousin, and was the ancestor of the Graemes of Aber»

* See Dr. Abercrombie, Vol. 1. p. $49.
b Charta penes Ducem de Montrosev

vol. iv. r

210 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

corn, from whom the Grahams of Torbolton, Weilston, &c. are
descended.0 He left issue three sons) Sir Patrick, Sir Thomas,
William, besides

Sir David, his heir, who had a grant from Maldwin Earl of
Lenox, of the lands of Strathblane and Mugdock j and from Pa-
trick Earl of Dunbar, he got two lofts of Melekston, &c. and the
lands of Dundaff and Strathcaron, quod fait Forestum Regis, in
exchange for his lands of Gartonquhar, in Galloway. By Agnes
his wife, he had

Sir David, the third of that name, who obtained distinct char-
ters of his whole lands, which were ratified to him under the
Great Seal of Alexander III. This Sir David, the third, also got
the barony of Kincardine, in the county of Perth, from Malise
Earl of Strathern, whose sister, Anabella, he married/ and by
her had three sons 3 Sir Patrick, the heir of the family} Sir John,
who was the faithful companion of Sir William Wallace, and was
killed at Falkirk, July 22d, 1298, and was buried in a cbapcl
there, with the following inscription on his tomb, which is yet t»
be seen,

Mente Manuque potens, et Vallae fidus Achates,
Condi tur hie Gramus, bello interfectus ab Anglis.

and Sir David, one of the arbiters for John Baliol, in his compe-
tition for the Scottish crown, A. D. 1292.

Which Sir Patrick executed the Office of Sheriff of the
county of Stirling in the time of the said Alexander III. and in
1284, was one of the Magnates Scotiae, who in a most solemn
manner bound themselves by their oaths and seals, in case that
King should die without heirs of his own body, to receive and
acknowledge the Princess Margaret, the Maid of Norway, his
Majesty's grandchild, as their lawful Queen. He was after killed
at the battle of Dunbar, against the English, in J 2Q6, e strenu-
ously asserting the honour and independency of his country, leav-
ing issue Sir David his successor, and Sir John Graham, Knight,
who, in 1317, granted the patronage of the church of Newlands

to the abbey of Dunfermline, and a daughter married to Sir

Malcolm Drummond, ancestor of the family of Perth.

Sir David Graham, eldest son of Sir Patrick, was also a great
patron of the liberties of his country, after the abdication of John

e Douglas's Peerage of Scotland. d Ibidem.

« Abercrombie's Martial Achievements of the Scots' Nation.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 211

Baliol, and a strenuous opposer of King Edward I. of England ;
for which, when that Prince offered an indemnity to such of the
Scottish nation as would submit to him, Sir David was one of
those few who were particularly excepted. As he was a great
patriot for his country, so he was a very zealous loyalist in behalf
of King Robert Bruce j upon whose accession to the throne he
had divers grants of lands, in consideration of his good and faith-
ful services before that time performed. He exchanged his lands
of Cardross, in Dunbartonshire, with the said King, for the lands
of Old Montrose, in the county of Forfar. This Sir David was
also one of those Barons, who, in 1320, wrote that letter to Pope
John XXII. asserting the independency of Scotland, wherein they
highly extol their sovereign, Robert Bruce, as the nation's glo-
rious deliverer, and the preserver of the liberties of the people ;
in which famous record the seal of this noble person is still en-
tire/ He died soon after 1327, the year in which the said King
Robert departed this life, and was succeeded by his son,

Sir David Graham, who, inheriting the patriotism and bravery
of his ancestors, was a steady friend to King David, the son of
Robert Bruce; and accompanying that Prince at the battle of Dur-
ham, October 17th, 1346, was there taken prisoner with him:
but was released before the year 1354 ; for then he was one of
the Scottish grandees employed to negotiate the ransom of their
Sovereign. He died after the year 1300, and left issue Sir Pa-
trick, his son and heir, and a daughter, married to William Earl
of Ross.

The said Sir Patrick, styled in his father's time Lord of Dun-
daff and Kincardine, was one of the hostages for the ransom of
King David, when the terms of his redemption were concerted
by the commissioners of both kingdoms, in 1357. On the acces-
sion of King Robert II. to the crown, when the two great entails
were made in favour of the King's eldest son, the Earl of Car-
rick, A. D. 1371, Sir Patrick's name is inserted in the one, and
his seal is appended to the other. He had, by his first wife, Maud,
Sir William, Lord of Graham, his successor, and a daughter,
Maud, married to Sir John Drummond, of Concraig.

And by his second wife, Eupham, daughter to Sir John Stew-
art/ brother to King Robert II. and sister to Walter Stewart,
Lord of Railston, he had issue Sir Patrick Graham, of Elieston,

f Charta in Publ. Arch. Scot.
S Chart, penes Dwcem dc Montrose.

212 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

progenitor of the Earls of Menteith.h 2. Robert. 3. David.

4. Alexander.

Which Sir William, Lord of Graham, was Lord of Kincar-
dine, in 1404,' and joined in commission, with other Lords and
Barons, to treat with the English concerning a peace and amity
betwixt the two realms ; and two years after was sent on an em-
bassy to England, with the Earls of Crawford and Mar j which
negotiation they performed with honour and success. He mar-
ried, first, Mariota, daughter of Sir John Oliphant, of Aberdalgy,
by whom he had

1. Alexander, his eldest son, who died in the lifetime of his
father.

And, 2. John.

He married, secondly, the Lady Mariot Stewart, daughter of
Robert III. widow of George Earl of Angus, and of Sir James
Kennedy, of Dnnure,k and by her had, 1. Sir Robert Graham, of
Strathcarron, first of the branch of the Grahams of Fintrie, and
Claverhouse. 2. Patrick; who, entering into orders, was first
promoted to the, episcopal see of Breechin, and translated thence
to the bishoprick of St. Andrew's in 1466. 3. William, of whom
descended the Grahams of Garvock and Balgowan. 4. Harry.

5. Walter Graham, of Wallacetown, who was the ancestor of the
Grahams of Knockdolian, and its cadets.

The said Sir William departing this life in 1424,1 his estate and
honour devolved on

Patrick, his grandson and heir (son and heir of Alexander,
who died in his lifetime), who was appointed one of the Lords of
the Regency in the minority of James II. and prudently and
faithfully discharged that trust for several years after; in consi-
deration whereof, and having been one of the hostages for the
ransom of King James I. he was made a Lord of Parliament
about the year 1445. He died in January 1467, leaving issue, by
Elizabeth his wife,

William second Lord Graham, his son and heir, appointed
Ambassador Extraordinary to the court of England, 1496, who
married Jane, daughter of George Earl of Angus, and dying in
1472, left issue, 1. William, his successor.

2. George, of whom is the branch of the Grahams of Ca-
lendar.

h Chart, penes Ducem de Montrose. * Rymer's Feed. Angliae.

k Chart, in Pub. Arch. l Charta penes Ducem de Montrose.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 213

And two daughters} Jane, married to John second Lord Ogilvie
of Airly^ and Christian, married to James Halden, of Gleneagles,
and after to Sir Thomas Maul, of Panmure.

Which Willi am, third Lord Gra^a?/z,adhered firmly to James III.
in the time of his greatest distress ; and when that unfortunate
Prince was, in 1488, forced to take the field, and raise an army
in his own defence, the Lord Graham resorted to him, and cheer-
fully took a command in the army, in which be continued till
the death of the King on June 1 1th. He was also in great favour
with James IV. who by Letters of Creation, raised him to the
dignity of Earl of Montrose, March 3d, 1504.m

He married, first, Annabella, daughter of John Lord Drum-
mond,n by whom he had William, the heir of the family j se-
condly, Janet, daughter of Sir Archibald Edmonston, of Duntreath,0
by whom he had Lndy Margaret, espoused to William master of
Lenox; and, secondly, to Sir John Somerville, of Cambusnethan;
Lady Elizabeth, to Walter Drummond, grandson and heir of John
first Lord Drummond ; Lady Nicholas, to Sir William Murray,
of Abercairny.

This William,^™/ Earl of Montrose, by his third wife, Christian
Wavane, had two sons; Patrick, first of the family seated at
Inchbraco, out of which branched the Grahams of Gorthie, and
Bucklivie; and Andrew, who was the first Protestant Bishop of
Dunblain, promoted thereto on the deprivation of Bishop Chi-
solme, 1575.

This Earl was slain at the battle of Flodden with King James
IV. September 9th, 1513.

William, the second Earl of Montrose, was one of the Peers
to whom John Duke of Albany, Regent of Scotland in the mi-
nority of James V. committed the tuition of .the young King,
when the Duke went over to France in 1523, to secure that crown
in the interest of Scotland. He married Janet, daughter of Wil-
liam Keith, Earl Marshal, by whom he had

1 . Robert, Master of Montrose, who was slain at the battle
of Pinkey, September 10th, 154/. He married Margaret, daugh-
ter of Malcolm Lord Fleming.

2. Alexander, Pensioner of Cambuskenneth. 3. William. And,
4. Mungo, of whom the families of Orchil and Killern are de-
scended: likewise five daughters; Lady Margaret, married to

m Charta penes Ducem de Montrose. n Ibidem,

0 Charta penes Dominum de Duntreath.

214 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Robert, Master of Erskine; Lady Elizabeth, to George Sinclair,
Earl of Caithness ; Lady Agnes, to Sir William Murray, of Tuli-
bardin -} Janet, to Sir Andrew Murray, of Balvaird -, Catherine, to
John Graham, of Knoekdolain.

His Lordship dying on May 25th, 157 1, was succeeded by his
grandson,

John, potshumous son of Robert aforesaid, Master of Mon-
trose, who thus became third Earl of Montrose. On the fall of
the Earl of Gowrie the Lord Treasurer, this noble Lord got the
White Staff, on May 1st, 1582, which he did not hold long 3 for
on another turn at court, the Earl surrendered the Treasurer's
place to Sir Thomas Lyon, of Auldbar, in 1585 j after which the
Earl of Montrose continued in the Council, though he had no
other office in the State, till the Chancellor's place falling, by the
decease of John Maitland, Lord Thirlstane, when he was prefer-
red thereunto in January 1 598 : in which station his Lordship
continued till 1604, when it being judged necessary that the
Chancellor should be a Lawyer, his Lordship resigned it. But
on the Lord Fivie's being made Chancellor, the Earl of Montrose
was made Viceroy of Scotland during life,P in virtue of which
commission he presided in the Parliament at Perth, A. D. 1606,
when the episcopal government was restored to the church. His
Lordship died on November 9th, 1608/1 leaving issue by Lilias his
wife, daughter of David Lord Drummond, John, his successor -,
Sir Robert Graham, of Innermeath -y Sir William Graham, of
Braco j and a daughter, Lady Lilias, married to John Fleming,
first Earl of Wigtoun.

John, fourth Earl of Montrose, being a person of great parts
and abilities, was (as Loyd writes in his Memoirs of Loyalists,
p. 638), Ambassador to several Princes, and after the accession
of Charles I. to the Crown, named President of his Majesty's
most honourable Privy-Council, which he enjoyed even till his
death, November 24th, 1626. By Margaret his wife, daughter
of William Ruthven Earl of Gowrie, he had James, his son and
heir, first Marquis of Montrose.

Also four daughters $ Lady Lilias, married to Sir John Col-
quhoun, of Luss, Bart, j Lucy Margaret, to Archibald, first Lord
Napier 5 Lady Dorothea, to James first Lord Rolloj and Lady
Beatrix, to David Drummond, Lord Maderty.

P Craufurd's Peerage of Scotland, fo. 339.
1 Charta penes Ducem de Montrose.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 215

James, his successor, after Marquis of Montrose, was born in
1(512, and was one of the greatest heroes of the time. Having
the misfortune to lose his father r when he was young, and being
the only son of the family, his friends, in order to raise up heirs
to his illustrious house, prevailed with him, when he was but a
youth, to marry, which he complied with. His marriage gave a
great interruption to his studies j but quickly finding the loss he
should sustain if he did not go through with his education, he
got good masters at home, wherein he made so great a proficiency
and progress, that in a very little time he became not only very
learned, but a critic in the Greek and Latin ; after which, for his
further improvement, he travelled into foreign parts, where he
spent some years in attaining the languages, and learning the ex-
ercises then in vogue, in which he excelled most men, and came
over to England by the time he was twenty-two years of age. He
was (as Loyd observes, p. 638), Captain of the Guard in France;
and by Duke Hamilton invited into England, to address himself
to Charles I. And coming to the Court, intended to live there
in a view of serving the Crown, and of raising himself to those
honours and employments, which both his birth and personal
qualifications well entitled him to; but in his attendance there,
meeting with some discountenance from the King, which was
very artfully brought about, he left the Court, and returning to
Scotland, he joined in 1638 with the discontented party who ap-
peared most forward for redress of grievances of the Church, inso-
much, that he soon became one of the principal and most active
Lords for the Covenant and Reformation. In 3 639, a Parliament
and General Assembly being to be convened in August, the King
commanded fourteen of the principal covenanting Lords to attend
him at Berwick; but they being conscious to themselves, and
fearing confinement, sent only the Earls of Montrose, Loudon,
and Lothian ; who having conferred with some appointed by his
Majesty, some of them came to see their own errors and danger.
After the first expeditton of the Covenanters into England, the
Earl, on his observation of the unwarrantable prosecution of the
ends of the Covenant, gave up his command in their army; and
made a full tender of his service to his Majesty, which brought
him so much into the jealousy of the party he had formerly been
of, that there was no room left to doubt of his sincerity to the
King. The Earl of Clarendon insinuates, in his History of the

1 Charta penes Ducem de Montrose.

216 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Civil War, that while the King was in Scotland, the Earl of
Montrose offered to make away two great men, who were not so
cordial in the King's interest as could have been wished : but
from original papers in the custody of the Duke of Montrose, it
appears that the Earl of Montrose was a prisoner in the castle of
Edinburgh, for corresponding with the King, from June 1641
till January after; and the King came down in August, and re-
turned in November j so it is clear he was a prisoner all the while
his Majesty was in Scotland. And the noble author beforemen-
tioned observes, " That the Earl of Montrose deserving as much
as any man, in contributing more, and appearing sooner for the
King, being indeed a man of the best quality who did so soon
discover himself, and it may be he did it the sooner in opposition
to Argyle; the people looking upon them both as young men of
unlimited ambition, and used to say, they were like Caesar and
Pompey, the one would endure no superior, and the other would
have no equal." After his releasement, he lived for the most part
privately at his seat in the country, till the meeting of the con-
vention, 1643, when he secretly withdrew out of Scotland to the
King, a few days before the siege was raised from Gloucester ;
and gave his Majesty the first clear information of the proceedings
of the convention, of the resolutions that would be there taken,
and of the posture the kingdom would speedily be in. He also
made some propositions to the King for the remedy, which there
was not (says the Earl of Clarendon), then time to consult of:
but when his Majesty returned to Oxford after the battle of New-
bury, he was very willing to hearken to any overture the Earl
should make, in reference to what could be done, to prevent the
mischief like to ensue to his Majesty's affairs, by a combination
betwixt the Scots Covenanters and the English Parliament :
wherefore, that his Majesty might have this important affair
brought to a full resolution, he was pleased to hold several con-
ferences with the Earl : but all the advances made toward the
execution of any attempt for the King's service, were checked by
his Majesty's not being able to give any troops to the Earl, by the
protection whereof the loyal party of the kingdom might come
to his assistance, and discover their affections to his Majesty.
However, the vigorous spirit of the Earl of Montrose stirred him
up to make some attempt which he thought might be of service
to the King : and therefore proposed that his Majesty should give
a command to the Earl of Antrim, to raise and sent over a body
of 2000 men into the Highlands of Scotland, to be a foundation

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 217

for raising forces there ; and that if his Majesty would grant him
a commission to command that army, he would himself be in the
Highlands to receive them, and run his fortune with them ; and
that if no time were lost in prosecuting that design, he hoped by
the time the Scottish army' should be ready to take the field, they
should receive such an alarm from their own country as should
hinder their advance into England. On this overture the King
conferred with the two Lords, and finding the Earl of Antrim
forward to undertake the raising as many men as should be de-
sired, his Majesty resolved to encourage it 5 and therefore, that
the Earl of Montrose might depart with the better character, and
testimony of his favour, and be thereby better qualified to per-
form the great trust reposed in him, his Majesty was pleased to
create him Marquis of Montrose, by letters patent, bearing date
May l(3th, l644;s and gave him a commission, constituting his
Lordship Captain general and Commander in chief of all the
forces to be raised in Scotland for his Majesty's service. On
taking his leave of the King, accompanied by several gentlemen,
he began his journey, as if he meant to make his way in company
with them into Scotland ; but after he had been two or three
days in that equipage, which he knew could be no secret, and
that it would draw the enemy's troops together, for the guard of
all passes, to meet with him, the Marquis was found missing one
morning by his company j who, after some stay and inquiry, re-
turned back to Oxford, while this noble person with incredible
address and fatigue, not only quitted his company and his ser-
vants, but his horse also 3 and found a safe passage, most part on
foot, through all the enemies quarters, till he came to the very
borders j from whence, by the assistance of-' friends whom he
trusted, he found himself secure in the Highlands, with his most
faithful friend the Laird of Inchbracoe,1 where he lay quiet with-
out undertaking any action, until the Earl of Antrim made good
so much of his undertaking, that he sent over Colonel Alexander
Macdonald, with a regiment of 15CO soldiers, who lauded in the
Highlands, at or near the place agreed on,u where the Marquis
was ready to receive him 3 which he did with great joy, and
quickly published his commission of being General for the King
over all the kingdom.

With this handful of men thus brought together, he brought

8 Charta penes Ducem de Montrose. * Guthrie's Memoirs.

u Wishart's Memoirs of the Marquis of Montrose.

218 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in so many of his countrymen to join with him, as were soon
strong enough to arm themselves at the charge of their enemies,
whom they first defeated, and every day increased in power, till
he fought and prevailed in the several battles of Tippermuir, Al-
ford, Aldearn, Aberdeen, Inverlochy, and Kilsyth, that he made
himself, in little more than one year, master of the greatest part
of the kingdom ; and did all those stupendous acts, which are
deservedly the subject of a History excellently written in Latin
by Dr. George Wisnart, Bishop of Edinburgh, though very ill
translated since by an unknown hand.x

After the battle of Kilsyth in 1645, where he defeated the
greatest army the Covenanters ever got together, killing and
taking five thousand foot and four hundred horse, the Marquis
marched eastward, took the city of Edinburgh ff and advancing
his course towards England, he was unexpectedly attacked by
Major general David Lesley, with the whole strength of the Scots
horse, at Philiphaugh, September 13th, l645,z where he was to-
tally defeated; so that his future triumph was not only prevented,
but he was compelled with great loss to retire again to the High-
lands, for recruiting of his army; in which he had wonderfully
succeeded, when he received his Majesty's positive orders/ while
he was in the hands of the Scots army before Newark, to lay
down his arms by a certain day prefixed, and to leave the king-
dom, till when they pretended they could not declare for his Ma-
jesty j and this (as the Earl of Clarendon writes), was done with
so much earnestness, and by a particular messenger known and
trusted, that the Marquis obeyed, and transported himself into
France, toward the end of the year l64(5.b He resided there for
some time, and took the opportunity while he attended at the
French court, to make some overtures to Cardinal Mazarine, to
raise an army for the service of the King, which the crafty Car-
dinal did not receive, says the Lord Clarendon, with that regard
the Marquis's great name deserved. Thereupon he left France,
and made a journey into Germany, to the Emperor's court, de-
siring to see armies till he could come to command them : and
was offered by his Imperial Majesty (as Loyd writes), the com-
mand of ten thousand men against the Swedes. But being desir-
ous of serving his own Sovereign, he returned thence to Brussels,

x See Cens. Lit. II. 264. Y The Bishop of Dunkeld's Memoirs.

2 Bishop Guthrie's Memoirs.

• Clarendon's Hist, of Rebel, fol. Vol. III. p. *j.

b Bishop Wishart prjed.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 21£

where he lay privately, for some time, till he heard of the murder
of the King. Then he sent King Charles II. the tender of his
service, and to know, if his Majesty thought his attendance upon
him might bring any prejudice to his affairs 5 and if so, desired
he would send over the Chancellor of the Exchequer (after Earl
of Clarendon), to Sevenberg, a town in Flanders, where he was
at present to expect him, and had matters to communicate to
him of much importance to his Majesty's service. The Marquis
having met with some coldness from the Queen at Paris, the
King commanded the Chancellor presently to go to him, and, if
he could, without exasperating him (which he had no mind to
do), persuade him rather for some time to suspend his coming to
the Hague, than presently to appear there; which was an injunc-
tion very disagreeable to the Chancellor (as he himself writes),
who, in his judgment, believed his Majesty should bid him very
welcome, and prefer him before any other of that nation in his
esteem. After some conferences, he promised not to come to the
Hague, till he should first receive advice from the Chancellor ;
but when he heard of the Commissioners being come from Scot-
land, he would no longer defer his journey thither, but came well
attended by servants and officers, and presented himself to the
King, with the tender of his service ; who received him with a
very good countenance, and as a most gracious testimony of his
great fidelity and merit, presented him with the Ensigns of the
most noble Order of the Garter.

While the King remained at the Hague, there were, besides
the Marquis of Montrose, and those of the Nobility who adhered
to him, the Commissioners who came from the Council and the
Kirk, to invite his Majesty into Scotland, or rather to let him
know on what terms he might come thither; and the Duke of
Hamilton, with others of the Nobility who joined with him,
made another party. There was nothing the King wished for
more, than some expedient might be found out to unite all par-
ties; especially that there might be a union and reconciliation
betwixt Montrose and the Hamilton faction, who had an equal
desire to serve the King, and were as much persecuted by the
party who then governed, as the Marquis was; yet the animosity
of each of them was so much against him, that they were equally
his implacable enemies ; and did not only refuse to meet with
him, but as soon as he came into the room where they were,
though his Majesty himself was present, they immediately with-
drew; and, as the Earl of Clarendon writes, had the confidence

220 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to desire the King, that the Marquis of Montrose (whom they
called James Graham),, might be forbidden to come into his Ma-
jesty's presence or court, because he stood excommunicated by
the Kirk, and degraded and forefaulted by the judicatory of the
kingdom. His Majesty decjared his being very much offended
at this demand ; which he made manifest, by using the Marquis
with the more countenance, and in holding the more frequent
conferences with him (as the Earl of Clarendon writes). Also,
that the King finding that it was not possible to bring the Lords
of the Scottish nation together to confer upon the affairs of that
kingdom, he thought to have drawn them severally; that is, those
of the engagement by themselves, and the Marquis of Montrose,
with his friends, by themselves ; to have given him their advice
in the presence of his Council, so that upon debate thereof be-
tween them, his Majesty* might the more maturely have deter-
mined what he was to do. The Marquis of Montrose expressed
a great willingness to give his Majesty satisfaction in this, or any
other way; being willing to deliver his opinion concerning things
or persons, before any body, and in any place : but the Lords of
the Engagement positively refused to deliver their opinion but to
the King himself, and not in the presence of his Council.

The Marquis clearly perceived the Lords of the other parties
would never unite with him, and that his attendance on the King
might possibly bring some prejudice to his service; and therefore
proposed to his Majesty to give him letters and credentials to
several Princes in Germany, and to the Northern Crowns, by
which he might appear Ambassador extraordinary from the King,
if he should find it expedient, by the help of those Princes, to
obtain the loan of money, arms, and ammunition, to enable him
to prosecute his intended descent into Scotland : and the King,
says the Earl of Clarendon, glad that he did not press for ready
money, which he was not able to supply him with, gave him
such letters as he desired, and a commission to raise such a
force together, as, by the help of those Princes he went to, he
might be enabled to do: upon which the Marquis set out for
Hamburgh, which he appointed for the rendezvous of all those
troops he expected from Germany, having before sent the King's
letters to the German Princes by several of his officers. He made
no long stay there, but went in person both to Sweden and Den-
mark, where he found the performance very disproportionable to
the hopes and encouragement he had received from thence ;
whereby he was obliged to return to Plamburgh, with very small

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 221

supplies from either or both those kingdoms; and there he re-
ceived no better account from those officers he had sent to Ger-
many : therefore, concluding that all his hopes from Germany
and those Northern Princes would not increase the strength he
had already, which did not amount to above five hundred, he, in
the depth of winter, caused those soldiers he had drawn toge-
ther, to be embarked for Scotland, and sent officers with them, v
who knew the country, with directions that they should land in
such a place in the Highlands, and remain there till he came to
them, or sent them orders. Then in another vessel, commanded
by a Captain very faithful to the King, and who was well ac-
quainted with the coast, he embarked himself, with near an hun-
dred officers, and landed in another creek, not far from the other
place whither. his soldiers were directed : and both the one and
the other party were set safely on shore in the Orkneys, April
15th, \650,c thence he came over to Caithness, and presently
repaired to the house of a gentleman of quality, who expected
him, by whom he was well received j and thought himself in
security, till he might put his affairs in some method : after he
had staid there a short time, he quickly possessed himself of an
old castle, which, in respect of the situation in a country so im-
possible for an army to march in, he thought strong enough for
his purpose. Thither he conveyed his arms, ammunition, and
troops, which he had brought with him j and published his de-
claration, ei That he came with the King's commission, to assist
those his good subjects, and to preserve them from oppression :
that he did not intend to give any interruption to the treaty that
he heard was entered into with his Majesty j but, on the con-
trary, hoped, that his being at the head of an army, hoiv small
soever, that was faithful to the King, might advance the same :
that he had given sufficient proof in his former actions, if any
agreement were made with the King, upon the first order from
his Majesty, he would lay down his arms, and dispose himself
according to his Majesty's good pleasure." With the declarations,
which he sent to his friends, and dispersed among the people, as
they could be able, he wrote likewise to those of the Nobility,
and the principal heads of the Highland clans, to draw such forces
together as they thought necessary to join with him j and he re-
ceived answers from many of them, by which they desired him
to advance more into the Low-lands, and assured him that they

c Memoirs of the Marquis of Montros?. '••

222 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. '

would resort to him with good numbers of their friends and fol-
lowers., which many of them did prepare to do with great since-
• rity, and others with a purpose to betray him.

The alarm of Montrose's landing startled the Parliament, then
sitting at Edinburgh, insomuch, that it gave them no leisure to
think of any tiling else than of sending forces to hinder the re-
course of others to join with him ; and therefore sent Colonel
Straghan with a choice party of the best horse they had, to make
all possible haste towards him, and to prevent the insurrections
which they feared would be in several parts of the Highlands ;
and within a few days after, Lieutenant-general Lesley followed
with a stronger party of horse and foot. The encouragement the
Marquis received from his friends, and the unpleasantness of the
quarters in which he was, prevailed with him to march with
these few troops more into the land; and the Highlanders flock-
ing to him from all quarters, made him undervalue any enemy
that he thought was yet like to encounter him ; but the Marquis
being without any body of horse to discover the motion of an
enemy, and depending upon all necessary, intelligence from the
affections of the people ; Straghan made such haste towards him,
that he was within a small distance of him before he heard of his
approach; and those Highlanders who had seemed to come with
much zeal to him, whether terrified or corrupted, left him on a
sudden, or threw down their arms; so that he had none left but
a company of good officers, and five or six hundred foreigners,
Dutch and Germans, who had been acquainted with their officers :
with these he betook himself to a place of some advantage, by
the inequality of the ground ; and there they made a defence for
a time with notable courage; but the enemy being so much supe-
rior in number, and his common soldiers being all foreigners, after
about 100 of them were killed upon the place, they threw down
their arms; and the Marquis, seeing all lost, threw away his rib-
bon and George, and found means to change his clothes with a
fellow of the country ; and so after having gone on foot two or
three miles, got into a house of a gentleman, M'Leod of Assint,d
where he remained concealed about two days; but whether by
the owner of the house, or any other way, the Marquis was disco-
vered, he there was taken prisoner, and the next day or soon after
delivered to the General, who had come up with his forces, and
had nothing left to do but to carry him in triumph to Edinburgh.

d Mercurius Politicus ad annum 1661.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 223

David Lesley, the General, treated the Marquis with great in-
solence 3 and for some days carried him in the same clothes and
habit in which he was taken, but at last permitted him to buy
better. His behaviour was, in the whole time, such as became a
great man; his countenance serene and chearful, as one that was
superior to all those reproaches they had prepared the people to
pour out upon him, in all the places through which he was to
pass.

When he came to one of the gates of Edinburgh, he was met
by some of the Magistrates, to whom he was delivered, and by
them presently put into a new cart, purposely made, in which
there was a high chair, or bench, upon which he sat, that the
people might have a full view of him, being bound with a cord
drawn over his breast and shoulders, and fastened through holes
made in the cart. When he was in this posture the hangman
took off his hat, and rode himself before the cart in his livery,
and with his bonnet on j the other officers, who were taken pri-
soners with him, walking two and two before the cart: the streets
and windows being full of people' to behold the triumph over a
person, whose name had made them tremble some few years be-
fore, and into whose hands the Magistrates of that place had,
upon their knees, delivered the keys of that city. In this manner
he was carried to the common gaol, and received and treated as a
common malefactor.

Within two days after, he was brought before the Parliament,
where the Chancellor made a very bitter and virulent speech
against him ; and told him, te He had broken all the covenants
by which the nation stood obliged, and had impiously rebelled
against God, the King, and the kingdom j that he had commit-
ted many horrible murders, treason, and impieties, for all which
he was now brought to surfer condign punishment j" with all
those reproaches, says my author, against his person and his ac-
tions, which the liberty of that place gave him leave to use.

Permission was then given him to speak, and without the least
trouble in his countenance, or disorder, upon all the indignities
he had suffered, he told them, " Since the King had owned them
so far as to treat with them, he had appeared before them with
reverence, and bare-headed, which otherwise he would not wil-
lingly have done : that he had done nothing of which he was
ashamed, or had cause to repent -} that the first covenant he had
taken, and complied with it, and with them who took it, as long
as the ends for which it was ordained were observed ; but when

224 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

he discovered, which was now evident to all the woTld, that pri-
vate and particular men designed to satisfy their own ambition
and interest, instead of considering the public benefit) and that,
under the pretence of reforming some errors in religion, they re-
solved to abridge and take away the King's just power and law-
ful authority, he had withdrawn himself from that engagement :
that for the league and covenant he had never taken it, and
therefore could not break it ; and it was now apparent to the
whole Christian world what monstrous mischiefs it had produced)
that when, under colour of ir, an army from Scotland had in-
vaded England, in assistance of the rebellion that was then against
their lawful King, he had, by his Majesty's command, received a
commission from him to raise forces in Scotland, that he might
thereby divert them from the other odious prosecution : that he
had executed that commission with the obedience and duty he
owed to the King 3 and in all the circumstances of it, had pro-
ceeded like a gentleman j and had never suffered any blood to
be shed but in the heat of the battle; and that he saw many per-
sons there whose lives he had saved: that when the King com-
manded him, he laid down his arms, and withdrew out of the
kingdom; which they could not have compelled him to have
done." He said, " he was now again entered into the kingdom
by his Majesty's command, and with his authority: and what
success soever it might have pleased God to have given him, he
would always have obeyed commands he should have received
from him." He advised them, " to consider well of the conse-
quences before they proceeded against him ; and that all his ac-
tions might be examined and judged by the laws of the land, or
those of nations."

And soon as he had ended his discourse, he was ordered to
withdraw; and, after a short space, was again brought in, and
told by the Chancellor, ° That he was, on the morrow, the one
and twentieth of May, 1650, to be carried to Edinburgh cross,
and there to be hanged upon a gallows thirty feet high, for the
space of three hours, and then to be taken down, and his head
to be cut off upon a scaffold, and hanged on Edinburgh tolbooth;
his legs and arms to be hanged up in other public towns of the
kingdom, and his body to be buried at the place where he was to
be executed, except the Kirk should take off his excommunica-
tion ; and then his body might be buried in the common place of
burial."

He desired he might say somewhat to them, but was not suf-

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 225

feretl, and so was carried back to the prison ; and there, that he
might not enjoy any ease or quiet, during the short remainder of
life, their ministers came presently to insult over him with all the
reproaches imaginable ; pronounced his damnation j and assured
him, " that vhe judgment he was the next day to suffer, was but
an easy prologue to that which he was to undergo afterwards."
After many such barbarities, they offered to intercede for him to
the Kirk, upon his repentance, and to pray with him; but he too
well understood the form of their common-prayer in those cases,
to be only the most virulent and insolent imprecations upon the
persons of those they prayed against. " Lord, vouchsafe yet to
touch the obdurate heart of this proud incorrigible sinner, this
wicked, perjured, and prophane person, who refuses to hearken
to the voice of the Kirk," (and the like charitable expressions),
and therefore he desired them " to spare their pains, and leave
him to his own devotions." And it is admirable to consider with
what magnanimity and firmness of soul he heard the judgment
that condemned him to be quartered 5 replying to the Chancellor
who pronounced it, " That he was prouder to have his head set
upon the place it was appointed to be, than he could have been
to have had his picture hang in the King's bed-chamber : that he
was so far from being troubled that his four limbs were to be
hanged in four principal cities of the kingdom, that he heartily
wished he had flesh enough to be sent to every city in Christen-
dom, as a testimony of the cause for which he suffered."

The next day (May 21st. 1650), every part and circumstance
of that barbarous sentence was executed upon him with all the
inhumanity imaginable ; and he bore it with all the courage and
magnanimity, and the greatest piety that a good Christian could
manifest. He magnified the virtue, courage, and religion of the
last King; commended the justice, the goodness, and under-
standing of the present King, and prayed, ff that they might not
betray him as they had done his father." When he had ended
all he had to say, and was expecting to expire, they acted yet one
scene more of their tyranny on him ; the hangman brought the
book that had been published of his truly heroic actions, whilst
he commanded in the kingdom, together with his declaration,
tied in a small cord, and put about his neck. At this new in-
stance of their malice the Marquis smiled, and thanked them for
it ; and said, " he was pleased it should be there, and was prouder
of wearing it, than ever he had been of the Garter :" and so re-
vol. it. a

226 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND

Hewing game devout ejaculations, he patiently endured the' last
act of the Executioner.

" Thus died the gallant Marquis of Montrose, after he had
given (says the Earl of Clarendon, in his character of him), a*
great a testimony of loyalty and courage, as a subject can do, and
performed as wonderful actions in several battles, upon as great
inequality of numbers, and as great disadvantages in respect of
arms, and other preparations for war, as have been performed in
this age." Adding further, "" He was a gentleman of a very
ancient extraction, many of whose ancestors had exercised the
highest charges under the King in that kingdom, and had been
allied to the crown itself. He was of very good parts, which
were improved by a good education. He was in his nature fear-
less of danger, and never declined any enterprize for the difficulty
of going through with it, but exceedingly affected those which
seemed desperate to other men, and did believe somewhat to be
in himself above other men ; which made him live more easily
towards those who were, or were willing to be inferior to him,
towards whom he exercised wonderful civility and generosity,
than with his superiors or equals. He was naturally jealous; and
suspected those who did not concur with him in his way, not to
mean so well as he. He was not without vanity, but his virtues
were much superior ; and he well deserved to have his memory
preserved and celebrated amongst the most illustrious persons of
the age in which he lived."

His body was interred at the place of execution, where it rested
till the restoration of Charles II. when, by his Majesty's special
appointment, his scattered parts were gathered together, and de-
posited in the Abbey-Church of Holy- Rood-House, where they
remained till May 14th, l66l, when his corpse was with the
greatest magnificence and solemnity that could be devied, carried
to the cathedral church of St. Giles, and interred in the isle be-
longing to his family/ being accompanied to the grave by the
Lord High Commissioner (the Earl of Middleton), and all the
members of Parliament/

This noble Marquis married Magdalen, daughter of Pavid
first Earl of Southesk, by whom he had his son and heir,

James, second Marquis of Montrose> who was too young to

c Relation of the Funerals of the Great Marquis of Montrose, printed in 166 1.
f See Park's R. and N. A. V. 05.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 22;

have a part in the war under his father ; and after his death, be-
ing divested of his estate, he lived quietly and privately under the
powers that then prevailed, retaining his affection and fidelity to
the crown j which he manifested, in performing all the offices of
fidelity and duty to the King, throughout the whole course of the
usurpation, that a generous and worthy person could find any op-
portunity for; with which his Majesty was abundantly satisfied
and pleased.

On the return of Charles II. the Marquis was restored to his
estate, and the act of his father's forfeiture repealed, and named
one of the Lords of his Majesty's Privy-Council : yet it admini-
stered much discourse, both then and afterwards, that his Lordship
was not preferred to any of the great offices of the crown, consi-
dering the transcendent merit of his father, and the great value
and esteem the King had of him, as a nobleman of great honour
and integrity j but the reason assigned for it was, that the Mar-
quis did not affect any public character, a life of privacy and
quiet being really his own choice, and what was more suited to his
humour and nature: and dying in February 1699,8 his corpse
was, on April 33d after, interred at the chapel of Aber-Ruthven,
in Perthshire, with his ancestors} and his funeral sermon was
preached by Dr. Alexander Burnet, then Archbishop of Glasgow,
wherein he gave the Marquis this amiable character : " He was
a nobleman of great honour and probity, so great a lover of jus-
tice, and so strict in the observation of his word and promise,
that no man was ever more worthy the title of An honest man'*

He married Isabel, daughter of William Earl of Morton, wi-
dow of Robert first Earl of Roxburgh, by whom he had, 1. James,
his successor. And,

2. Lord Charles, who died a young man of great hopes and
courage j likewise three daughters -, viz. 4

Lady Anne, married to Alexander Levingston, Earl of Calen-
dar j Lady Jane, to Sir John Urquhart, of Cromarty $ and Lady
Grisel, to Mr. William Cochran, of Kilmarnock, son to William
Lord Cochran.

James, third Marquis ef Montrose, his son, was a Nobleman
of great parts, improved by a good education. On the death of
his father, King Charles took him into his immediate care ; made
him, first, Captain of the guard j and then, that he might fit him
by degrees for the greatest trusts and employments, preferred bira

g Charta in Cancelhria S. D. N. R.

223 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to be President of the Privy-Council, Sheriff of Dumbarton, Bailie
of the regality of Lenox, Glasgow, &c. but death overtook him
not long after, in the prime of his years, on April 25th, l684,h to
the general regret of the whole nation, and the particular sorrow
of his own relations, who lamented his death exceedingly, as a
great loss to his family. By Christian his wife, daughter of John
Lesly Duke of Rothes, he had an only son,

James, created Duke of Montrose. Which noble Duke being
a person of bright and distinguishing parts, and the head of a
very noble family, that had in no time swerved in its fidelity to
the crown, her Majesty Queen Anne, soon after he came to age,
called him to her Privy-Council, made him, first, Lord High-
Admiral of Scotland, in 1705,' and then Lord President of the
Council, in little more than a year after jk in which station, and
in all other capacities, his Lordship exerted himself with the
most ardent zeal and vigour, in promoting the succession to the
crown in the Protestant line, and did all he could to consolidate
the two kingdoms in any incorporating union j in consideration
whereof, as well as in respect to his Lordship's personal merit,
and in honour to his noble family, for which the Queen always
professed a very great value and regard, her Majesty was pleased
by letters patent, dated April 24th. 1707,1 to make him Duke of
Montrose :m and it is to be observed, as a special instance of her
Majesty's more immediate favour, that the honour was not re^
stricted to the heirs-male of the Duke's own body, but was to
descend to his heirs of entail.

His Grace continued Lord President of the council, till the
Parliament of Great Britain thought fit to dissolve the Scottish
Privy-Council some time after the commencing of the Union,
pursuant to the act: but was sworn, November 25th, 1708, again
of her Majesty's Privy-Council; and was made Lord Privy-Seal,
February 28th, 1709$ which office he held till 17l3,n when he
was laid aside for not complying with the measures of the court
during the Earl of Oxford's administration.

The Duke's firm and inviolable adherence to the Protestant
succession, which his Grace had early, and with much zeal,
maintained and asserted, could not fail to entitle him to a more

h Charta in Cancellaria S.D.N.R. dated February 23d, 1705.

* Ibidem, dated February 28th, 1706. k Ibidem. 1 Ibid.

m Burnet's O. T. II. 409.

» Charta in Cancellaria S.D. N.R. dated February 28th, 1706.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 229

than ordinary favour of the illustrious family in whom the right
was established by law ; so that the Elector of Hanover, after-
wards George I. being impowered, by act of Parliament, to no-
minate so many persons as he should think proper, to be joined
with the seven great officers of state, in the administration of the
government till his arrival, he reposed such confidence in the
Duke's affection and fidelity, that he was named one of the Lords
of the Regency. But being at his seat in the country, on the
demise of Queen Anne, August 1st, 1714, his Grace made haste
to Edinburgh, where he was present at the proclamation of King
George on the 5th ; and taking post for London, arrived on the
10th, and concurred cordially with the other Lord Justices, in
issuing such orders as were necessary to support the honour and
dignity of the crown, and secure the peace and tranquillity of the
kingdom. Whereupon the King, on September 24th, six days
after his arrival, appointed his Grace one of his Majesty's princi-
pal Secretaries of State; and swore him of his Privy-Cpuncil. On
March 2d, 1714-15, he was elected one of the sixteen Peers of
North-Britain; and from the year 1714 to 1720 was Keeper of the
Great Seal in Scotland. On July 9th, 1716, he was appointed
Lord Clerk Register of North-Britain ; was again elected one of
the sixteen Peers, representatives of the Nobility of Scotland; also
in that year, November 11th, was again appointed Keeper of the
Great Seal there, and Sheriff of Stirling; being then Chancellor
of the University of Glasgow, aud Fellow of the Royal Society.

His Majesty likewise, in consideration of his services, advanced
his eldest son, David Marquis of Graham, to the dignity of an
Earl of Great Britain, by the style and title of Earl Gra-
ham, and Baron Graham, of Belford, in the county of North'
umberland, 23d May, 1722, 8 George I. with remainder to Wil-
liam Graham, Esq. (commonly called Lord William Graham),
second son of James Duke of Montrose, in tail-male; remainder
to George Graham, Esq. (commonly called Lord George Graham),
his third son, in tail-male. And the said David Earl Graham
dying unmarried in his father's lifetime, on October 2d, 173'!',
the honour devolved on his next brother, the said Lord William
Graham.

His Grace married the Lady Christian Carnegie, daughter of
David Earl of Northesk; a Lady of the most consummate virtue,
by whom he had a daughter, 1. Lady Margaret, who died un-
married.

2. James, Marquis of Graham, who died in his infancy.

230 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

3. David, Marquis of Graham, first Earl Graham of Belford.

4. Lord William, second Earl Graham.

5. Lord George, who, being brought up to the sea service, dis-
tinguished himself by his conduct and bravery as a Captain of
the navy, but died a bachelor on January 2d, 1 746-7.

His Grace died on January 7th, 1741-2, and was interred in
the burying-place of his noble ancestors at Perth, in February fol-
lowing.

William, second Earl Graham, and second Duke of Mon-
trose, was Chancellor of the University of Glasgow, and Governor
ofthe Royal Bank of Scotland. In October 1742, he married
Lady Lucy Manners, daughter to John second Duke of Rutland}
and by her, who died June 1 8th, 1 783, had

James Marquis of Graham.

And Lady Lucy, married June 13th, 1 77 1, to the Hon. Archi-
bald Douglas, now Lord Douglas. She died February 7th,.
1780.

His Grace died September 23d, 179O, and was succeeded by
his only son,

James, third Earl Graham, and third Duke of Montrose,
born February 8th, I] 55. His Grace, while a Commoner, re-
presented in Parliament the borough of Richmond, in Yorkshire,
1780; and was made a Lord of the Treasury in December 1783.
He is LL.D. Knight of the Thistle, Master of the Horse to the
King, Lord Justice General of Scotland, Lord-Lieutenant of
Stirlingshire, Hereditary Sheriff of Dunbartonshire; Chancellor of
the University of Glasgow; President of the Society of Antiqua-
ries of Scotland; and Extraordinary President of the Royal Bank
of Scotland.

His Grace married, first, March 5th, 1785, Lady Jemima-Eli-
zabeth, daughter of John Earl of Ashburnham : and by her, who
died September 18th, 1786, had a son, born September 4th, 1786,
who died April 29th, 1787. His Grace, married, secondly, July
24th, 179O, Lady Elizabeth Montague, sister to William Duke
of Manchester, by whom he has,

1. Lady Georgiana-Charlotte, born June 9th, 1791.

2. Lady Caroline, born September 30th, 1792.

3. A third daughter, born October 2d, 1793.

4. Marquis of Graham, born July 16th, 1799.

5. A daughter, born June 22d, 1805.
0\ A son, born February 2d, I8O7.

GRAHAM EARL GRAHAM. 231

Titles. James Graham, Duke of Montrose, &c, in Scotland ;
Earl Graham, and Baron Graham, of Belford, in the county of
Northumberland.

Creations. In England, Baron Graham, of Belford, and Earl
Graham, by letters patent bearing date the 23d of May, 1722, 8
George I.

Arms. Or, on a chief, Sable, three escallop shells, Or.

Crest. On a wreath, an eagle, wings hovering, Or, preying
on a stork, on its back, proper.

Supporters. Two Storks close, Argent, beaked and membered,
Gules.

Motto. Ne Oublie.

Chief *Seats. At Glasgow, in the county of Lanerkj at Kin-
cairn, in the county of Perth ; at Myndosk-castle, and Buchanan,
both in the county of Dunbarton.

232 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE.

This family of Waldegrave, anciently written Walgrave, is de-
nominated from a place of their own name in the county of
Northampton/ at which Warinb de Walgrave is the first I find
mentioned, who, by the daughter of Riston, had issue,

John de Walgrave, who was b Sheriff of London in 1205, an
office then of great power and trust ; and by his wife, daughter
of Sir Henry Hastings, Knt. he had issue

Walter de Waldgrave, his son and heir, who had to wife Eli-
zabeth, daughter of Sir James Nevil, of Nottinghamshire, and by
her had issue

Sir Ralph Walgrave, who dying c in 3 Edward III. seised of
the manors of Walgrave and Holtole, in Northamptonshire, was
ucceeded by

Sir Richard Waldgrave, Knt. his son and heir, who in 3 Ed-
ward III.d attended the King into Aquitain, with John de Wal-
grave, junior j and in Q Edward IIT. was 'one of the Knights of
the Shire for the counry of Lincoln. Also in 11 Edward III.
had the King's protection to f travel beyond the seas, with Henry
Burwash Bishop of Lincoln, to hold from April 24th, till August
1st, following. He had, likewise, & the next year, with John de
Waldegrave, another protection from the King, dated April 10th,
1338, going abroad in his service, with Henry Bishop of Lincoln,
to hold till Michaelmas following. He married Agnes, daughter
qf i Daubeney., by whom he was father of

* Baronag. Geneal. MS# penes meips. & Visit, of Essex.
b Stow's Survey of Lond. c Esc. z E. 3. No. 109.

4 Rymer, torn. IV. p. 387. e pryn's 4th Part of a Brief Reg. p. 149.

f Rymer, torn. IV. p. 747. S Ibid, torn. V. p. %t.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 23$

Sir Richard Waldegrave, Knt who succeeded to the estate
in 48 Edward III. This Sir Richard Walgrave was seated at
Smalibridge, in the county of Suffolk ; and was h one of the
Knights for that county, who served in Parliament in 50 Ed-
ward JIT. Also in the reign of King Richard If. was again '
elected in his 1st, 2d, and 5th years; in which last, he was chosen
Speaker of the House of Commons ; and it is memorable, that
he was the first that made excuse, desiring to be discharged; but
the King commanded him on his allegiance to accept the place,
seeing he was chosen by the Commons. He was again elected in
the 6th, 7th, 10th, and k 13th of Richard II. And writing him-
self Sir Richard Walgrave, senior, Knt. makes his will at Small-
brug (as then wrote), April 22d, 1401,1 whereby he orders his
body to be buried in the north side of the parish church of St.
Mary, at Buers, near Joan his wife ; and gives 20 s. to the high
altar, and 3s. 4d. to the chapel of the Virgin Mary, and the
like sum to the chantry ; he gives to every Priest praying for his
soul on the day of his burial, 12d. To Richard his son, a missale,
with a vestment and chalice : to the parish church of Walgrave,
a cope : to the chapel of St. Stephen, in the parish of Buers, a
missale then at London : to his chantry of Polstede, a vestment,
and to the brothers of the convent of Sudbury, 100s. to pray for
his soul, the soul of Joan his wife, and the souls of their benefac-
tors. He further bequeathed divers sums to several other con-
vents and monasteries; and was a benefactor to several Priests to
pray for his soul. He appoints Master William Candysh, Rector
of the church of Bulmere, Nicholas Blundell, and two other
Priests, his executors. And dying on May 2d following, was
buried in the parish church of Buers, in the county of Suffolk,
near to Joan his wife, who deceased m June 10th, 1406. She was

daughter and heir to Silvester, of Buers, in Suffolk, and

had issue

Sir Richard Walgrave, Knt. who succeeding to the inherit-
ance of his' mother, was styled Lord of Buers and Silvesters.
Which Sir Richard, with the Lord Clinton, Sir John Howard,
and Lord Falconbridge, were n appointed in 1402, to keep the
seas ; and landing 10,000 men in Brittany, won the town of

h Pryn's 4th Part, &c^p. 304. * Pryri's Brev. Pari. p. 86, & 129.

k Pryn's 4th Part, p. 407.
1 -Ex Regist. vocat. Arundel, pars z. p. 49, in Off. Principal. Cant, apud
Lambeth.

m Weevcr's Funeral Monum. p. 757. n Stow's Annals, p. 416.

234 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Conquet, with the Isle of Rhee. He died 2d May, 1434, and
Jane his wife, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Montechensy,
of Edwardston, in Suffolk, Knt. surviving him, died on St. De-
nis's day, Anno 1450, and were both buried at Buers. They had
issue

Sir William Walgrave, Knt. who had issue by Joan his wife,
daughter of William Doreward, of Doreward, in Bocking, Essex,
Esq. two sons ; Sir Richard and Sir Thomas.

Sir Richard Walgrave, the eldest son, succeeded to the estate;
and during the contests between the houses of York and Lan-
caster, was a stout adherer to the interest of the former. In 2
Edward IV. being then a Knight, he "accompanied the Earl of
Kent in that expedition into Brittany, where landing with 10,000
men, they won the town of Conquet, and the Isle of Rhee. But
departing this life anno 18 Henry VI. without issue, the estate
devolved on his brother and heir,

Sir Thomas, who valiantly behaving at the battle of Towton
Field, where the Yorkists prevailed,P received the honour of
Knighthood from King Edward the same day, being March 2pth,
146 1. He married Elizabeth, eldest daughter and coheir of Sir
John Fray, Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer j he de-
parted this life anno 1500, and was buried at Buers, leaving issue
by his wife (who was, secondly, married to Sir William Say, Knt.)
three sons;

1. William.

2. Edward, of whom hereafter, as ancestor to the present Earl
of Waldegrave.

And, 3. Richard.

Also three daughters ; Jane, second wife of Thomas Mannock,
of Gifford's-Hall, in Suffolk, Esq. who had no issue; Catharine,
wife to George Mannock, Esq. son to the said Thomas, by his
first wife; and ^ Anne, wife to Favion.

William Walgrave, the eldest son, succeeded to the inherit-
ance of his ancestors, and was made rone of the Kniphts of the
Bath, November 14th, 1501, at the marriage of Prince Arthur,
eldest son of Henry VII. Hes was in Ap;il 1509, one of the
executors of the will of John Vere, Earl of Oxford ; and had
61. 13s. 4d. bequeathed to him, for his labour therein: so
much was he respected by that great Earl.

o Hollinshed' Chron. P Jekyl's Cit. of Knights.

1 Visit, of Essex, 1613, MS. r Jekyl's Cat. of Knight*.

» Ex Regist. Fcttyplace, qu, II. in Cur. Pioerog. Cant.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 235

In 5 Henry VIII. this Sir William Waldegrave, Knight,1 was
nominated by act of Parliament, as one of the most discreet per-
sons (as the words of the act are), for assessing and collecting a
subsidy of 163,000 1. by a poll-tax, &c. and writing himself of
Smalbridge, in Suffolk, made his will" on January 26th, 1524-5,
appointing his body to be buried in the parish church of St.
Mary of Buers, in a tomb he had caused to be made under the
arch, between the high altar and the chapel of Jesu ; and that he
be buried within the space of twenty-four hours after his decease.
He gives to dame Margery his wife (who had the manor of Ed-
wardston settled on her), all his jewels: and it appears that he
died seised of divers manors and lands in the counties of Suffolk,
Essex, and Northampton. He was a man of great piety, as hi*
bequests to several churches shew ; and he desires his executors
above all things to pay his debts; or if he had wronged any man,
to satisfy them. He constituted Margery his wife, and his sons,
George and William, executors of his last will; which was proved
on March 6th, 1527-8, having departed this life on January 30th
preceding.

Margery his wife, was daughter of Sir Henry Wentworth, of
Codham, in Essex; and their issue were four sons: l. George.
2. Anthony. 3. William. And, 4. Edmund; also several
daughters.

George, his eldest son and heir, born in 14S3, survived hi*
father but a short time, dying in the year 1528; as is manifest
from his last will, dated x July 6th, that year, and the probate on
August 25th following. He orders his body to be buried near
the tomb of his father, and bequeaths his manors of Smalbridge-
Silvester, otherwise called Netherhall, Overhall, and Freps, in
Buers, together with the manor of Wethermonford (alias Wor-
mynford), in Essex, with other manors, to Anne his wife (con-
stituting her sole executrix), during the minority of William, his
son and heir ; and if he died, that she hold them till George, his
second son, come to the age of twenty-one years, and so to Ed-
ward the third, and Richard his youngest.

This Anne his wife, was daughter to Robert Drury, of Halsted,
in Suffolk, and remarried with Sir Thomas Jermyn, of Rush-
brook, in Sutfolk :>' by her first husband, besides the sons before-

* Rot. Part. an. 5. & 6. H, 8w Dors. 3r.

u Ex Reg'st. Vocat. Pvrth, qu. 29. in Cur. Prxrog. Cant.

x U>ld. qu. 36. J Visit. Suffolk, MS. pens* me:ps.

23(5 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

mentioned, she had two daughters j Anne, married to Henry
Bures, of Acton, in Suffolk ;z and, secondly, to Sir Clement
Higham, Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer 5 and Phillis,
to Thomas Higham, of Higham, Esq.2

From George Waldegrave, the second son, descended the family
seated at Higham, in Essex, for several generations.

Edward, the third, was seated at Lawford, in Essex.

William, the eldest son, received the honour of Knighthood,
before 35 Henry VIII. when, as Hollinshed writes, he and Sir
George Somerset were sent over to Calais, to strengthen the Eng-
lish pale with 200 men out of Suffolk ; and soon after their ar-
rival defeated 800 Frenchmen, who had designed to spoil the
country. In 3 Edward VI. he accompanied the Marquis of
Northampton against the Norfolk rebels, and the following year
was Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk. On the death of Edward VI.
being of great interest and large possessions in the county of Suf-
folk, Queen Mary wrote to him, and four other gentlemen, on
July 9th, 1553, to adhere to her title. Accordingly they engaged
the Suffolk men to appear for her, and were a principal means of
placing that Princess on the throne. But Sir William Waldegrave
dying at Calais, December 12th the same year, prevented the pre-
ferments he might have expected for that service j leaving issue
by Julian his wife, daughter to Sir John Raynsford, Knt. (and
•ister and heir to Sir John), William, his son and heir, and three
daughters j Dorothy, married to Arthur Harris, of Essex, Esq.;
Margery, to John Wiseman, of Canfield-hall, in Essex, Esq.; and
Mary, to Edward Wyat, Esq.; secondly, to Walter Mildmay, of
Pishiobury, in Hertfordshire, Knt. ancestor to the late Earl Fitz-
walter; and adied January 2d, 1605.

Which William Waldegrave received the honour of Knight-
hood, anno 1578. He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Sir
Thomas Mildmay, Knt. ancestor to the late Earl Fitzwalter; and,
secondly^ Grisild, relict of Sir Thomas Rivet, Knt. and daughter
to Thomas Lord Paget : and left several children by his first wife
wife (who died 1581), whereof Sir William Waldegrave, Knt.
was seated at Smalbridge, and lies buried at Bures.

But I now return to Edward Waldegrave, second son to Sir
Thomas Waldegrave, Knt. by Elizabeth his wife, daughter and
coheir of Sir John Fray, Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer,
beforementioned, as ancestor to the present Earl.

T Visit. Suffolk, MS. penes meips. * Salmon's Hertfordshire, p. z6$,

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 237

Which Edward resided at Boreley, in Essex ; he married Eli-
zabeth, daughter and coheir to John Cheyney, of the county of
Devon, Esq. and died in 1501, leaving issue two daughters, Eli-
zabeth, wife of Eden, Clerk of the Star-chamber ; and

Margery, wife of Robert Ryce, of Preston, in Essex j also

John, his son and heir, who married Lora, daughter of Sir
John Rochester of the county of Essex, Knight (and sister to Sir
Robert Rochester, Knight of the Garter, Chancellor of the duchy
of Lancaster, and Comptroller of the Household in the reign of
Queen Mary), by whom he had issue four sons; Edward, Ro-
bert, John, and Thomas; also two daughters ; Mary, wife of

Abbot of Cockshall, in Essex j and Ann. And departing

this life on October 6th, 1543, his eldest son, November 30th
following, by the name of Edward Waldegrave, Esq. son and
heir of John Waldegrave, Esq. had special livery of his lands.

bThis Edward Waldegrave, in 1 Edward VI. had a grant to
him, and his heirs, of the manor and rectory of West-Haddon,
in Northamptonshire. And in the 7th year of that reign, being
a principal officer in the household of the Lady Mary (afterwards
Queen of England), he incurred the King's displeasure, by re-
fusing to forbid the celebration of the Mass in her house , and
together with Sir Robert Rochester, his uncle, and Sir Francis
Englefield, the two other principal officers, who had offended on
the same account, were first committed to the Fleet on August
2Qtb, and two days after sent to the Tower, with orders to the
Lieutenant to keep them close prisoners, without pen, ink, or
paper, and not to suffer them to speak to any man.

August 13th, 1551, Sir Robert Rochester,0 this Sir Edward
Waldegrave, and Sir Francis Englefield, were sent for by the
Council, to appear before them at Hampton-Court, to let the
Lady Mary know by them rather than by strangers (the less to
molest her), that the communion-book should be used hereafter
in her family, and to prohibit her chaplains saying Mass in her
house, on pain of the King's displeasure. And in case her Grace
on this message dismissed them, they were commanded not to
leave her service or her house, but to stay and see the order ful-
filled ; and to deliver a letter to her Grace from the King.

What followed on this, is set forth in a manuscript in the Cot-
ton Library, sub Effig. Titus, B. ii. p. 68.

" This day [August 22d] Mr. Rochester, Sir Francis Engle-

b Pat. 1 Edward VI. c Strype's Ecclesiast. Memorials, p. 2^3.

338 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

field, and Mr. Waldegrave, Officers to the Lady Mary's Grace,
were before the Lords, and declared unto their Lordships, that
upon Saturday the 15th of this present, they arrived at Copped-
Hall somewhat before night. By reason whereof they did not
the same night execute their charge committed to them at Hamp-
ton-Court the 14th of this present. The Sunday following, be-
cause they understood that her Grace received the Sacrament,
they did abstain to deliver their letters before noon, considering
that the same would trouble and disquiet her. So as after taking
commodity to declare their letters, after that her Grace had read
them, they made offer to her to declare what charge they had re-
ceived of the Lords to execute, praying her Grace to be contented
to hear the same. Whereupon her Grace made answer, That
she knew right well,that their commission was agreeing with such
matters as was contained in her letters, and that therefore they
needed not to rehearse the same. Howbeit, then pressing her
Grace, she was finally content to hear them. And when they
had done, she seemed to be marvellously offended with them;
and charged them, that they should not declare that same they
had in charge to say, neither to her chaplains nor family. Which
if they did, besides that they should not take her hereafter for
their mistressr, she would immediately depart out of the house.
Upon this, as the said Rochester, Englefield, and Waldegrave,
said to the Lords, that forasmuch as she oftentimes altered her
colour, and seemed to be passionate and unquiet, they forbore to
trouble her any farther 5 fearing that the troubling her might
perchance bring her into her old disease, and besought her to
consider the matter calmly with herself, and pass thereupon
against Wednesday next, when they would wait on her Grace,
and know her further pleasure. Which they said they did, hoping
to have found her then, upon more ripe deliberation, and debating
of the matter with herself, more conformable. And in the mean
time they forbare also to declare to her chaplains and household
the charge they had received. But repairing to her Grace the
said Wednesday, they did not" only not find her conformable, but
in further choler than she was before; utterly forbidding them
to make declaration of their said charge and commission to her
chaplains and houshold : adding, That where she and her house-
hold were in quiet, if they would by any means disturb her and
them, if any inconvenience did ensue thereof to her and them,
she would [attribute] it to the said Rochester, Englefield, and
Waldegrave. Which thing considered, they thought it better to

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 23Q

return without doing their commission, and declare this much to
their Lordships, without meddling any farther, than to proceed in
the execution of their charge before they had advertised their
Lordships of the premisses.

" The Lords having heard this much, commanded them to at-
tend, until they should know further of their pleasure.

" The said Rochester, Englefield, and Waldegrave, brought
with them letters from the Lady Mary's Grace to the King's Ma-
jesty." Tnus far the Cotton manuscript, which is a transcript out
of the Council-book.

I find further, out of the Council-book, and the King's journal,
jthat on August 23d, they attended again, and were severally, one
by one, charged with not obeying the King's injunctions, as afore-
said. And were strictly ordered, on their allegiance, and by the
King's special command, to perform their commission, which
they all refused to do;, and thereupon were commanded to attend
the Council, till they were told their further pleasure.

After which the King sent the Lord Chancellor Rich, Sir An-
thony Wingfield, and Sir William Petre, to execute the said
commission. And Sir Edward Waldegrave, with his uncle Ro-
chester, and Englefield, were committed first to the Fleet, and
then to the Tower, as beforementioned. And Sir Edward Wal-
degrave, being thus closely confined, fell sick, and his wife, on
September 27th following, obtained leave to repair to him, and
provide for the recovery of his health : but still continuing in the
same condition, it was ordered on October 24th, that he should
be removed out of the Tower, by the Lieutenant, to some honest
house, where he might be better looked to, for the curing of his
quartan ague; remaining still as a prisoner, and to be forth-
coming whensoever he should be called for. On March 18th fol-
lowing, he, with the other two, obtained leave to go to their own
iiouses ; and on April 24th, they had licence to repair to the Lady
Mary, on her request.

King Edward's death happening soon after, Sir Edward Wal-
degrave was highly esteemed by Queen Mary for his sufferings;
who swore him of her Privy- Council, in the first year of her reign,
^constituted him Master of the Great Wardrobe, and granted
(him the manor of Chewton, in Somersetshire. He was elected one
^of the Knights for Wiltshire, to that Parliament which sat atf

d Pat. i Mar. e Willis's Not. Pari. p. 2$ & 30.

I Ex Collect. B. Willis, Arm.

240 \ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

"Westminster, in October, 1553, and held to December 6th, and
was then dissolved : also in that Parliament s summoned to meet
at Oxford on April 2d, 1554, but adjourned to Westminster, he
was elected one of the Knights for Somersetshire : likewise was
chosen for the county of Essex, in the Parliament which met at
Westminster January 20th, 1557, which held to the Queen's de-
cease. He was made one of the Knights of the Carpet on Oc-
tober 2d (the day after the Queen's coronation), by the Earl of
Arundelj and on April 17th following, was appointed one of
the Commissioners for the trial of Sir Nicholas Throgmorton,
Knt. charged with being privy to Wyat's rebellion. In 3 and 4
Phil, and Mar, he was one of the Commissioners of Enquiry into
heresies, &e. and false rumours, &c. against their Majesties j and
in 4 and 5 Phil, and Mar. he obtained a grant of h the manor of
Hever-Cobham, in the county of Kent, and of the office of Lieu-
tenant of Waltham forest. Also was constituted Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster, on the death of his uncle, Sir Robert Ro-
chester. Which Sir Robert Rochester,1 Knight of the Garter,
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and Comptroller of the
household to Queen Mary, by his last will and testament, dated
May 27th, 1557, reciting, That whereas he had a patent of John
de Vere, Earl of Oxford, for the keeping of the Park of Laven-
ham, and the herbage of the same, as also the Bailywick of the
town of Lavenham, in Essex, he bequeaths all his interest therein
to his nephew, Sir Edward Waldgrave, Knt. he suffering his
sister, Rice, to dwell in one part of the lodge of the said Park of
Lavenham, and paying soype small annuities to some of his ser-
vants. He also bequeaths to his nephew, Robert Waldegrave,
part of his wardrobe, and one of his geldings, and ten pounds
yearly, out of his park of Dodinghurst, during the time he had
therein. And he constitutes the said Sir Edward Walgrave one
of his executors, to whom he bequeathed the residue of his goods
and chattels, his funeral and debts duly contented, to be bestowed
in deeds of charity for the health of his soul, and especially on
the house of Sheen. The year following, Sir Edward being
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, was commissioned, with
other Privy Counsellors, to dispose of the church lands then vested
in the Crown. But Queen Mary dying soon after, he was di-
vested of his employments, and committed to the Tower by

g Ex Collect. B. Willis, Arm. h Pat. 4 and $ Phil. & Mar.

* Ex Reg. Wells Not. 41. qu. 15.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 241

Queen Elizabeth, and there died on September 1st, 1501, but
was buried at Borely, in Essex. He married Frances, daughter
of Sir Edward Nevil, Knt. ancestor to the present Earl of Aber-
gavenny, by whom he had issue,

1. Charles, his son and heir.

And, 2. Nicholas Waldgrave, of Borely, in Essex, ancestor to
those of the name there.

Also three daughters: Mary, married to John Lord Petre;
Magdalen, married to Sir John Southcote, of Wytham, in Essex j
and Catharine, wife of Thomas Gawen, of Wilts, Esq.

Charles Waldgrave, Esq. was of Staininghall, in Norfolk,
and of Chewton, in Somersetshire. And having married Jero-
nyma, daughter to Sir Henry Jerningham, of Cossey-Hall, in
Norfolk, Knt. Vice-Chancellor and Master of the Horse, and of
the Privy-Council to Queen Mary, left issue Edward his son and
heir, and two daughters ; Frances, married to Henry Yaxley, of
Bowthrop, in Norfolk, Esq.; and Magdalen, wife of Philip Parris,
of Poding Norton, Esq.; she died k January 25th, 1650, and is
buried at Lynton, in Cambridgeshire.

Which Edward served in Parliament for Sudbury, in Suffolk,
in 27 Eliz. and received the honour of Knighthood at Greenwich,
on July 19th, ldO/. And, though upwards of seventy years of
age, at the breaking out of the civil wars, he loyally took up arms
in defence of the royal party ; and having the command of a re-
giment of horse, behaved so worthily, that his Majesty conferred
on him the dignity of a Baronet, on August 1st, 1(543. At the
impounding of the Earl of Essex's army in Cornwal, anno 1644,
he kept the pass of Saltash with his regiment ; and being charged
by the Parliament horse, who endeavoured to break through, he
thrice rallied his men, though he himself was twice unhorsed,
and at length took forty prisoners. Soon after this he was sent
to quarter at Bridport, in Dorsetshire, the King intending to block
up the towns of Lyme and Taunton ; and during his stay there,
a party of the enemy designed to surprise him in his quarters, but
the vigilant old Colonel (as Sir Edward Walker writes, in his
History of the Progress of the King's Forces), instead of being,
taken, got between the rebels and home, and at Portsham, near
Abbotsbury, fell upon them, where some few were slain, forty
horse and a cornet taken. A few days after, he joined the Earl
of Cleveland and Sir Bernard Asteley, who had orders to relieve

k Le Neve's Mons. Ang. Vol. II. p. 4.
VOL. IV. R

242 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Portland Castle, then straitly besieged j which they effected on
October 14th, 1644. He continued steady in his loyalty to the
last, although he lost two of his sons, and suffered in his estate to
the value of 50,0001. And so highly had he offended the Par-
liament (by his loyalty and valiant deportment), that in the
propositions presented to his Majesty at Hampton-Court, on Sep-
tember #th, 1647, he was among those persons nominated to be
removed from his Majesty's councils, and to be restrained from
coming within the verge of the court ; also to be made incapable
of bearing any employment.

This loyal gentleman married Eleanor,1 daughter of Sir Tho-
mas Lovel, of Harling, in Norfolk, Knt. and sister and heir to
Sir Francis Lovel, and by her, who died on December 12th, l604,
had issue,

Sir Henry Waldgrave, Bart, his son and heir, who lies buried
in the chancel of Cossey church, in Norfolk, with this inscription
on his monument : „

Here lieth the body of Sir Henry Waldgrave, of Staining-hall,
Baronet, Son and Heir to Sir Edward Waldgrave, Kt. and
Bart, and Elenor his wife, Daughter to Sir Thomas Lovell,

t of Harling. He married Anne Paston, Daughter of Edward
Paston, of Appleton, Esq. by whom he had VII Sons and IV
Daughters. And secondly, he married Catharine Bacon,
Daughter of Richard Bacon, Gent, by whom he had six Sons
and six Daughters.m He died the 10th of October 1658, aged
60 Years.

His eldest son and heir, Sir Charles Waldgrave, Bart, mar-
ried Helen, daughter of Sir Francis Englefield, of Englefield, in
Berkshire, Bart, and had issue,

1. Henry, his son and heir, and also another son, viz.

2. Charles 5 and a daughter, Eleanor.

Which Sir Henry Waldegrave succeeding him, was created
Baron Waldegrave, of Cheiuton, in Somersetshire, on January
20th, 1 685-6. And in February the year following, was made
Comptroller of the King's household) also on August lllb, 1687,

1 BlomefiehTs Norfolk, Vol. I. p. 223.
» One of the daughters, Catherine, was wife to Sir Isaac Gibson, of Coombe,
co. Warw. Knt. and had issue William Gibson, of Welford, co. Northamp. Esq.
in rjght of his wife, Frances, daughter and heir of William Saunders, Esq. of
Wci/o.d jfoie^id. C. 14-27. in Her. Cell.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 243

constituted Lord Lieutenant of the county of Salop : but on the
Revolution retiring into Fiance, he died at Paris, anno l68g.
His Lordship married Henrietta, natural daughter of James FT.
by Mrs. Arabella Churchill, sister to John duke of Marlborough;
and by her, who died April 3d, 1730, had two sons? James,
created Earl Waldegrave; and Henry, who died unmarried ; also
a daughter, Arabella, a nun.

Jambs, first Earl Waldegrate, having qualified himself
by entering into the communion of the church of England, took
the oaths and his seat in the house of Peers, on February 12th,
1721-2. The following accounts of this nobleman being collected
from the Gazettes, may be depended upon as authentic. On Sep-
tember 1st, 1/25, his Lordship set out for the French court,
being charged with his Majesty's and his Royal Highness the
Prince of Wales's compliments to the French King, on his mar-
riage. On May 26th, 1727, he was appointed Ambassador Ex-
traordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Emperor of Germany, and
two days after set out for that court by the way of France ; and
during his stay at Paris, receiving advice of George I.'s decease,
arrived from Paris at Strasburgh on the 12th of the next month,
NS. On April 18tb, he arrived at Ulm, and received the com-
pliments of the magistrates of that town ; from thence he pro-
ceeded down the Danube for Vienna, where he arrived on the
26th, N. S. On the 29th he had an audience of his Imperial
Majesty, at Luxembourgh; and the preliminary articles for peace
were leciprocally exchanged and ratified. He left that court
June 7th, 1730, and, by way of France, came to England.

Coxe, in his Memoirs of Sir Robert Walpole, gives the follow-
ing high character of him: " He was born in ]6S4, and educated
,in the Roman Catholic religion. In 1722, he entered into the
communion of the church of England, and took his seat in the
House of Peers. When it was thought necessary to send an am-
bassador to Vienna, for the purpose of .executing the articles
agreed on in the preliminaries signed between England, France,
and the Emperor, at Paris, and of conciliating the Emperor, who
had been dissatisfied with the King of England, Lord Walde-
grave was selected as the person whose mild and affable demeanour
best qualified him for that negociation. He filled this difficult
employment ten years, during a period in which the disunion
between France and England was gradually increasing into an
open rupture. For his services at Vienna, he was created Vis-
count Chewton, and Earl Waldegrave, September 13th, 1729,

244 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and his exertions at Paris were rewarded with the Garter. In
17*10, he obtained leave to return, for the recovery of his health.
He embarked for England, October 1740, and died at his seat at
Nivestock, in Essex, April 11th, 1741, aet. 5J. He was in high
confidence with Sir Robert Walpole, and was the foreign ambas-
sador, in whom the minister, next to his brother, principally con-
fided. He conducted himself, in his embassies, with consummate
address j and particularly distinguished himself by obtaining secret
information, in times of emergency. His letters do honour to his
diplomatic talents; and prove sound sense, an insinuating address,
and elegant manners.""

His Lordship married, in the year 1714, Mary, second daugh-
ter of Sir John Webbe, of Hatherop, in Gloucestershire, Bart,
and, by her (who died in child-bed, January 22d, 1718-19), had
three sons and a daughter.

1 . James, second Earl Waldegrave.

2. John Waldegrave, born at Ghent, in Flanders, on January
]7th, 1715-16, and died the same day.

3. John, third Earl Waldegrave.

Lady Henrietta, his Lordship's daughter, was born January 2d,
1/16-1 7> married on July 7th, 1734, to the honourable Edward
Herbert, Esq. (only brother to the late Marquis of Powis), and
died May 31st, 1753.

James, second Earl Waldegrave, was born on March 4th,
1714-15, succeeded his father on April 11th, 1741, in titles and
estate, and on December 1 6th, 1743, was appointed one of the
Lords of his Majesty's Red-chamber. Having been present at
Cambridge, at the instalment of his Grace the Duke of New-
castle, Chancellor of that University, he was, on July 3d, 1/4Q,
admitted to the degree of Doctor of Laws. On April 27th, 1751,
his Lordship had a grant of the offices of Steward of the Duchy
of Cornwall, and of the borough and manor of Bradninch, in
Devonshire, and Steward of all the castles, manors, and lands,
within the counties of Cornwall and Devon, parcel of the said
Duchy; and of Warden and Steward of the Stannaries, and of
the Stannary courts j and Master and Rider of the forest and
chace of Dartmore, parcel of the said duchy. December 18th,
1752, his Majesty was pleased to appoint his Lordship Governor
to the present King, then Prince of Wales, as also to his Royal
JJighness Prince Edward, Duke of Yoik, and Privy -purse to their

a Code's Sir R. Walpole, I. 347.

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 245

Royal Highnesses; and thereupon he resigned his place of Lord of
the Bed-chamber. On the 20th of the same month, he was sworn
of his Majesty's most honourable Privy Council, and took his
place at that board.

On August 30th, 1/57, his Lordship was installed Knight of
the Garter j and the same year was appointed a Teller of the Ex-
chequer (a place for life). At the accession of his present Ma-
jesty, his Lordship was continued one of the Members of the
Privy-Council j and on March 7th, 17^1, had a renewal of his
grant of Steward of the duchy of Cornwall, &c, and Warden and
Steward of the Stannaries, &c. all which offices he enjoyed till he
died of the sm3ll-pox, April 8th, 17^3, being then also Fellow of
the Royal Society, and was buried at Navestock, where a monu-
ment is erected to the memory of himself and father, on which
is the following inscription :

Underneath this monument are the remains of the two first Earls
Waldegrave, father and son, loth of the name of James, loth ser-
vants of that excellent Prince George the second, both ly him
created Knights of the most nolle order of the Garter.

James, the father, was employed in foreign embassies to the
courts of Vienna and Versailles, ly George the first, and ly George
the second-, and he did his court and country honour and service,
and was respected wherever his negotiations made him known. In
his private capacity, the affalility and benevolence of his disposi-
tion, and the goodness of his understanding, made him leloved and
esteemed throughout his life.

The antiquity of his illustrious and nolle family, is equal tj
that of most that may le named in any country or time, and needs
not to le here recited.

He died of the dropsy and jaundice on the 11 th of April, 1J46,
aged 57.

His eldest son, James, lefore mentioned, and interred within
this vault, died cf the s?nall-pox on April 28th, 1763, aged 48 \
these were his years in numler, what they were in wisdom hardly
belongs to time. The universal respect paid to him while he lived,
and the universal lamentation at his death, are ample testimonies
of a character not easily to I e parallelled. He was for many years
the chosen friend and favourite of a King, who was a judge of
men; yet never that Kings minister, though a man of lusiness,
knowledge, and learning, beyond most of his cotemporaries ; lut
ambition visited him not, and contentment filled his hours. Ap-

Mfl PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

pealed to for his arbitration by various contending parties in the
state, upon the highest differences, his judgment always tempered
their dissensions, while his own principles, which were the free-
dom of the people and the maintenance of the laws, remained
steadfast and unshaken, and his influence unimpaired, though ex-
ercised through a long series of struggles that served as a foil to
disinterested virtue ; the constancy and firmness of his mind were
proof against every trial hut the distresses of mankind; master of
a powerful and delicate wit, he had a ready conception, and as
quick as any man that ever lived; and never lost his wisdom in
his wit, nor his coohzess by provocation. He smiled at things that
drove other men to anger. He was a stranger to resentment, not
to injuries ; those feared him most that loved him, yet he was re-
vered by all ; for he was as true a friend as ever bore that name,
and as generous an enemy as ever bad man tried.

He wedded, on May 15th, 1759, Maria, second daughter of
Sir Edward Walpole, Knight of the Bath, and second son to Ro-
bert first Earl of Orford ; and by her had three daughters ;
Lady Elizabeth-Laura, born on March 24th, 17OO, married, 5th
May, 1782, Lord Chewton, afterwards fourth Earl Waldegrave.

Lady Charlotte-Maria, born October 11th, 17<3l, married, No-
vember l6th, 1784, the present Earl of Euston, and died in 1808.

And Lady Anna Horatia, born on November 8th, 1762, mar-
ried, April 2d, 1786, the late Admiral Lord Hugh Seymour, who
died September llth, 1801. She died July 12th, 1801.

The Countess their mother, was afterwards married to his Royal
Highness William Henry late Duke of Gloucester 5 and deceased
August 23d, 1807.

His Lordship departing this life without male issue, was suc-
ceeded by his only surviving brother,

John, third Earl Waldegrave, who was born on April
28th, 17 18, and chusing a military life, was, in December \T$7>
appointed a Lieutenant in the first regiment of Foot Guards.
From that he was removed to the third regiment of Foot Guards,
in which, on July 12th, 1743, he was constituted Captain Lieu-
tenant; also, on September 13th, Captain of a company, and on
February 25th, 1747 8, was promoted to be a Major therein, with
the rank of Colonel. On January 26th, 1750-1, he got the com-
mand of the ninth regiment of Foot, which he kept till he was
made Colonel of the second, or Queen's regiment of Dragoon
Guards, on September 10th, 17^9, being then in Germany, under

WALDEGRAVE EARL WALDEGRAVE. 247

Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, to whom his Lordship was the
principal supporter in the procession on October 1 7th, that year,
when his Highness had the honour to be invested with the habit
and ensigns of the most noble Order of the Garter. His Lord-
ship was promoted to the rank of Major-General on February
10th, 1757, and to that of Lieutenant-General on April 10th,
1? '5g. His Lordship was, in March, 1760, appointed Governor
of Plymouth. He was Member for Orford, in the Parliament
summoned in 1747, in the two next for Newcastle-under-Line ;
and was one of the Grooms of the Bed-chamber to his Majesty,
till he succeeded to the Peerage. His Lordship was General of
his Majesty's Forces, Colonel of the second Regiment of Foot
Guards, and Master of the Horse to her Majesty. He died Oc-
tober 22d, 1784.

His Lordship, in 1751, married Lady Elizabeth, fifth daughter
of John Earl Gowerj and by her, who died April 28th, 1784,
had three sons,

It George, fourth Earl, born November 22d, 1751.

2. William, born July gth, 1753, an Admiral of the White,
created Baron Radstock, of Ireland, December 27th, 1800, mar-
ried at Smyrna, 1785, Cornelia, second daughter of David Van
Lennep, Esq. chief of the Dutch Factory there -, and has two
sons, and six daughters.

And John, born November 27th, 1756.

Also five daughters ; viz. Ladies Elizabeth and Amelia (twins),
born May 26th, 1758 > both died June 176S. Lady Frances, born
at Wooburn-abbey, in Bedfordshire, October 6th, 1751, and died
May 28th, 1768, and was buried at Navestock with her sister
Amelia. Lady Elizabeth, married, April 28th, 1791., the present
Earl of Cardigan. Lady Frances, born March 1st, 1765.

George, eldest son, succeeded as fourth Earl Waldegrave*
He was born November 22d, 1751, and in early life was a Cap-
tain in the third regiment of Foot Guards. He married, May
5th, 1782, his cousin, Lady Elizabeth-Laura Waldegrave, daugh-
ter of his uncle, James, second Earl $ and died October 17th, 1789*
*et. 33, leaving issue,

1 . George, fifth Earl.

2. John James, present Earl.

3. Edward William, a Lieutenant in the seventh regiment of
Dragoons, lost in a transport off Falmouth, on his return from
Spain, January I8O9.

" Among the many officers who, during the late expedition to

248 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Spain, have died in their country's service, either from wounds',
fatigue, or shipwreck, few have been more sincerely, or more
deservedly lamented than the Hon. Edward Waldegrave, of the
seventh Light Dragoons. How he was beloved, the deep regret
of the whole regiment best can testify} and how highly he was
esteemed by his superiors, as a young Officer of much promise,
the following fact sufficiently evinces. He was selected by Lord
Paget to convey a dispatch from Astorga to Sir John Moore, at
Salamanca, a distance of an hundred and forty miles, at a mo-
ment when it was thought all communication was cut off between
the two armies. This difficult and dangerous service he per-
formed with equal zeal, activity, and address. After passing
three nights and two days on horse-back, without rest, he re-
turned safe with his answer to head quarters, at Astorga; on this
the cavalry immediately advanced, and performed a junction with
Sir John Moore."

4. Lady Maria p married Nathaniel Micklethwayte, Esq. and
died March 30th, 1805.

George succeeded his father as fifth Earl. He was born June
12th, 1/84, and was unfortunately drowned in the Thames, near
Eton, June 29th, 1794. He was succeeded by his next brother,
John James, present and sixth Earl Waldegrave, born July
30th, 1785, a Major in the Army} and Major of the 72d Regi-
ment of Foot.

Titles. John James Waldegrave, Earl Waldegrave, Viscount
Chewton, Baron Waldegrave, and Baronet.

Creations. Baronet, August 1st, 1643, 19 Car. I. : Baroa
Waldegrave, of Chewton, in com. Somers. by letters patent,
January 20th, 1685-6, 1 Jac. II. 3 Viscount Chewton, and Earl
Waldegrave, in com. Northamp. September 1 3th, 1729^ 3
George II.

Arms. Party per pale, Argent and Gules.

Crest. In a ducal coronet. Or, a plume of five ostrich feathers,
party per pale, Argent and Gules.

Supporters. Two Talbots, Sable, eared Or, and each gorged
with a mural coronet, Argent, masoned Sable.

Motto. Cjelum non Animum.

Chief Seats. At Navestoke, in the county of Essex.

P Two daughters died young.

, »

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 240

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM.

This family, denominated from the town of Ashburnham, an-
ciently wrote Esseburnham, in the Rape of Hastings, in the
county of Sussex, is, as Fuller in his Worthies writes, a family
of stupendous antiquity, a family wherein the eminence hath equal-
led the antiquity, having been Barons temp. Henry III.

Bertram de Esburnham, son of Anchitel, son of Piers,
Lord of Esburnham, was Sheriff of the counties of Surrey, Sus-
sex, and Kent, and Constable of Dover Castle, in the reign of
King Harold ; which castle he defended against William the
Conqueror, wherefore William, on his accession to the crown of
England, caused his head to be struck off, together with the
heads of his sons, Philip and Michael de Esburnham. Francis
Thynn, Esq in 1586, collected a catalogue of the Lord Wardens of
the Cinque Ports, and Constables of Dover Castle, from the time
of William the Conqueror ; and makes this mention of the an-
cestor of this family :a " Bertram Ashburnham, a Baron of Kent,
was Constable of Dover Castle in the year of Christ 1006, being
(as is said), the first and last year of King Harold ; which Bertram
was beheaded by William the Conqueror, after that he obtained
the crown, because he did so valiantly defend the same against
the Duke of Normandy."

Philip de Esburnham left issue,

Reginald, whose son,

STEPHEN/de Esburnham, confirms to the church of St. Martin
of Battel, and to the Monks there serving God, for the health of
his soul, and the souls of his ancestors and successors, the gift

a Castrations of Hollin&shed's Chronicle, fol. 15 17.

2oO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

which Reginald de Esburnham,b his father, gave for ever, in pure
and free alms; viz. all that land which they had in Hou, called
Cheliland, with the land which he gave in Denne, with two salt-
works in the marsh belonging to the said land, with all other ap-
purtenances in wood, in plain, and in marsh, to hold for ever in
pure alms.

To this Stephen succeeded Sir John de Esseburnham, whose
son,

Sir Richard de Esseburnham, Knt. married Margaret, daugh-
ter of Sir John Maltravers, Knt. and had issue,

Richard, who was also a Knight, and lived in King John's
reign; and in the reign of Henry Til. held two Knights feesc of
Anne Countess of Ewe (wife of Rajph de Isondon, son of Geffry
Luzignan Earl of Aquitain), as of the honour of Hastings. He
married Catharine, daughter of Sir Richard Peverell, Knt. by
whom he had issue,

Bartholomew, and Hammond; the first of which was a
Knight, and heldd in 38 Henry III. 201. per ann. land of the
King in chief, and thereupon was summoned to be at London in
Easter, with horse and arms, from thence to march to Ports-
mouth, in order to be transported into Gascony, in the Kind's
service, to oppose the King of Castile, who had committed hosti-
lities in those parts.

Hammond, his brother, who was also a Knight, married
Maud, daughter of Thomas Elton, of Elton, in com. Suss, and
had issue,

Sir Richard Esburnham, who by Isabel, daughter of Sir Tho-
mas Morville, had issue,

Roger Esburnham ; and

Sir John Esburnham, Knt. who, in 25 Edward I.e was sum-
moned to attend the King at London, on the Sunday after the
Octave of St. John Baptist, with horse and arms, to go with him
beyond the seas, for his own honour, and the profit of the realm.
He married Joan, daughter of Richard Covert, of Sullington, in
com. Suss, and had issue,

John, his son and heir, who married Maud, daughter of — ■
Isley, of Sundridge, in Kent, and had issue a son,

John Ashburnham/ who was Sheriff of the counties of Surrey

t> Lib. Nig. Scacc. e MS. in Bibl. Cotton. Julius, C. 7.

<* MS. in Bib!. Cotton. Claudius, C. 2. e Ibid.

t There was, according to Harris's History of Kent, one Roger Ashbumham,
who, in the ist of Richard lJL's reign (which commenced on June aist, 1377,

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 251

and Sussex, in 3 Henry IV. j and in 3 Henry V. was appointed
one of the Commissioners of array in the county of Sussex.
This John, by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of — - Finch, had
issue,

Thomas Ashburnham, Esq. who, in the 12th year of King
Henry VI. was one of those of prime quality in the county of
Sussex, that made oath for the observance of the laws then made,
for himself and retainers. He married Sarah, daughter and heir of
Henry Wauncy, lineally descended from Sir Nicholas deWauncy,
Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex in 34 Henry III. His issue by her
were three sons.

1. John Ashburnham, of Ashburnham, Esq.

2. Richard Ashburnham, second son, who married — — daugh-
ter and heir to Stoneling, of Stoneling, in Sussex, and was

ancestor to the Baronels of that name ; of whom", the last died
Bishop of Chichester,

3. Thomas Ashburnham, third son, was seated at Gesseling, in
Sussex, as appears by his 8 will, dated April 12th, 1523, whereby
he orders his body to be buried before the image of our Lady in
the parish church of Gesseling. He mentions Elizabeth his wife,
Ellen and Anne, his daughters; and entails his lands in Kent
and Sussex, on Thomas, his son, and in default of issue, on Wil-
liam Ashburnham, of Ashburnham, Esq. son of John Ashburn-
ham, his brother.

Which John (eldest brother to the said Thomas and Richard

Ashburnham), had to wife Elizabeth, daughter of Peckham,

and died in 149 1, as the probate of his last will shews. He or-
ders his body to be buried in the chapel of St. James of Ashburn-
ham, and left issue,

William Ashburnham, Esq. who married Anne, daughter of
Henry Hawley, of Ore, in Sussex, and had issue a daughter, Anne,
first married to William Apsley j and, secondly, to Richard Co-
vert, of Slaugham, Esq. j also,

was a Conservator of the Peace in Sussex, and owner of Scotney, in Lamberhurst,
which is partly in Kent and Sussex. This Roger seems to have been of this fa-
mily of Ashburnham, and he, or one of his predecessors, probably at first pos-
sessed that estate in right of an heiress of the Scotneys, especially as he was at
the same time owner of Scotney, in Lydd, in Kent, which also belonged to the
same family of Scotney. These two estates remained in the heirs of the said
Roger, till one of them sold them to Henry Chichely, who was Archbishop of
Canterbury from 1414 to 1443.

S Ex Regist. Bodfield, qu. i.».

252 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

John Ashburnham, Esq. his son and heir, who married Lora
daughter and coheir of Thomas Berkley, of Aram, in com,
Southamp. Esq. by whom he had issue three daughters.

1. Anne, wife of John Bolney, of Bolney; and, secondly, to
Thomas Culpeper, of Wakehurst, both in Sussex, Esq. 2. Jane,
wife of Oliver Denham. And, 3. Alice, wife of John Daniel, of
Essex, Esq.

Also a son of his own name, John, who served in parliament
for Sussex, 1 5c 2 of Philip and Mary; and marrying Isabel,
daughter of John Sackville, Esq. ancestor to his Grace the Duke
of Dorset, had by her (who after his death married Edward Tir-
rel, Esq .) three sons.

1. John.

2. Thomas. And,

3. William.

And as many daughters : Eleanor; Anne, married to Thomas
Penderton, of Suffolk ; and Margaret, wife of Jones, of the

county of Monmouth, Esq.

John, the eldest son of John Ashburnham and Isabel Sack-
ville, writing himself of Ashburnham, Esq. makes his hwill
April 10th, 1563, and died soon after; for the probate bears date
May 18th following. He bequeaths- to Isabel his wife, all such
goods, plate, &c. remaining in his lodge at Ashburnham, or at
London, with all her apparel, jewels, &c. as also 2001. on condi-
tion she discharges his son John Ashburnham of 1001. owing to
Sir Richard Sackvil, which she had of John Sackvil, of Withiam,
Esq. her father. He wills his manors of Ashburnham, Pensborne,
and Wilsham, with such other lands as Ninian Burrel ' holds by
knight's service, to be divided in three parts ; one whereof to the
use of the Lords of the fee, till John Ashburnham, his son and
heir, comes to the age of twenty-one years; and the other two
parts, with all his other lands, &c. in England, and the residue
of his goods, plate, money, &c. to his said son, whom, with Isabel
his wife, he constitutes his executors.

The said John Ashburnham, Esq. married Mary, daughter to
George Fane, of Badsel, in the county of Kent, Esq. grand-
father of Francis first Earl of Westmorland, by whom he had five
sons.

1. John, his son and heir.

2. Thomas. 3. William. 4. George. And, 5 Walter; which
four last died without issue.

k Ex Rcgist. Chayre, qu. 2o. * Ancestor of Lord Cwyder.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 253

Also two daughters: Mary, wife of George Wentworth, of
West-Bretton, in com. Ebor. (from whence, in a lineal descent,
was Sir William Wentworth, of Bretton, Bart.) j and Catharine,
married to George Aldwick, of Yorkshire, Esq.

He 'died on October 14th, 15gi, as recited by inquisition taken
at Horsham, in Sussex, December 15th, 1000, which sets forth,
that he died possessed of the manor of Ashburnham, with divers
lands and tenements called Pemborne, alias Hurst quondam Shoys-
well, in Walbleton, Buxtop, and Ashburnham.; also lands and
tenements called Megham, alias Wilsham, in Walbleton, all in
the county of Sussex, and that John was his son and heir, aged
twenty years, ten months, and thirteen days, at his father's
death.

Which John received the honour of knighthood at the Tower,
March 15th, l604jk and departing this life in 1620, was buried
in St. Andrew's church, in Holborn, where a monument was
erected to his memory with this inscription, reciting his marriage
and issue :

Antiquo Stemmate nolilis, avitis suis virtuiibus clarior, hicjacet

Johannes Ashburnham, nitper de Ashburnham, miles qui obiit in

faslo Sancti Petri, 1620. JEtatis 4g. Relictis ex conjuge cha-

rissimis Johanne, Gulielmo, Elizabetha, Francisca, Anna, & Ca-

therina.

Domina Eliz. Ashburnham Vidua F. Thomae Beaumont de
Staughton in com. Leicestr. Milit. hoc amori IS officio consulens,
meritissimo viro lugubris posuit 1621.

Of the said daughters, mentioned in the above inscription,
Elizabeth was married to Sir Frederick Cornwallis, Knt. and Bart,
afterwards created Lord Cornwallis, from whom the present Mar-
quis is descended j Frances, to Frederick Turvile, Esq ; Anne, to
Sir Edward Dering, Bart, j Catharine died unmarried. They had
also a daughter, *Mary, who died November 25th, l6lQ, and was
buried at St. Botolph's, Aldersgate.

The Lady Elizabeth, widow of the said Sir John Ashburnham,
was created Baroness of Cramond, in Scotland, by King Charles I.
with intail of that honour on the issue of Sir Thomas Richardson,
Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, her second husband.

1 Cole's Esc. Lib. 5. n. 64. A. 16. p. 392. in Bib]. Harley.

fc Necessitated to sell his estates by engagements lor fiiends. S_e Toxica.

J Seymour's Survey of London, Vol. I. p. 623.

254 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Of John j the eldest son, I shall hereafter treat.

William Ashburnham, the second son, served in his youth
in the service of the States-General against the Spaniards in the
Netherlands; and being an excellent soldier, had a principal
command in that army raised by King Charles, to march against
the Scots. He was member in the two parliaments summoned
in 1640, and in the latter was examined on oath, whether he
knew any thing of that plot charged on the officers of the army,
for petitioning the King, &c. which he denied -, nevertheless,
the parliament voted, that he should receive no pay. Standing
thus in great umbrage with the parliament (by whom he was in
the sequel expelled, with other loyal members), and the King's
affaks not yet permitting him to make use of his service, he, to
avoid the clamour that was raised against him, embarked on
board a small fly-boat for Holland, with some other officers, who
removed on the same account. They had not been long at sea,
before they met with one of his Majesty's ships, bringing ammu-
nition to his assistance : on which it was agreed, that Mr. Ash-
burnham and the Lord Digby should proceed on their voyage,
and the others should return with the ammunition ; but whilst
this was agitating, the parliament squadron came up, and though
the ship escaped, yet the fly-boat was taken, and carried into
Hull ; where he was taken with the Lord Digby, who concealed
himself under the disguise of a Frenchman, till he found a con-
venient opportunity to reveal himself to the Governor, Sir John
Hotham, whom he prevailed with to espouse his Majesty's inte-
rest, and to surrender Hull j which design being at length ren-
dered fruitless, Colonel Ashburnham, and the Lord Digby, were
dismissed by the Governor, and was the principal cause (as Lord
Clarendon writes), of the loss of Sir John's head.

Mr. Ashburnham came to his Majesty about the time he set
up his standard at Nottingham (which was on August 22d, 1(542)
and entered on action with the first, repairing to the Marquis of
Hertford at Sherborn j where, with a small force, having kept
that castle several weeks, without being incommoded by the Earl
of Bedford, who watched them with a much greater army, they
marched from thence to Minehead, and there the Marquis, with
some other gentlemen, transported themselves into Wales, leaving
this Colonel Ashburnham, with Sir Ralph Hopton, and others, to
march into Cornwal. There they raised forces with such activity,
that in a small time they made themselves masters of the West:
and having performed very considerable services, joined Prince

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 25S

Maurice at Chard, in Somersetshire, about the middle of June
1643, with an army of 3000 foot, 500 horse, and 300 dragoons,,
of which Colonel Ashburnham had been Major- General.

He was soon after made Governor of Weymouth, on the opi-
nion of his courage and dexterity (as the Earl of Clarendon
writes) jm and to make way for him, Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper
was removed from that rommand. He was made Colonel-General
of the county of Dorset} and in the year 1644, having received
express orders from Prince Maurice, to quit all places that he
conceived not tenable in case an army should advance into those
parts, he, about June 14th, on the Earl of Essex's marching to-
wards him, quitted Weymouth, and retired to Portland Castle,
where he endured a siege of about four months, with great pa-
tience and resolution, suffering both by the want of men and
provisions, until he was relieved by the Earl of Cleveland, and
Sir Walter Hastings appointed Governor in his room. However,
being censured for quitting of Weymouth, he, at his own re-
quest, bad a public hearing before his Majesty and the Council,
to whom he so fully stated the matter of fact (as Sir Edward
Walker writes in his History of the Progress of the King's Forces)
and the impossibility of keeping that place, in case an army did
attempt it, together with his reasons for retiring to Portland, and
how he disposed of his Majesty's arms and ammunition, as that
in the opinion of all there, he was cleared from any crime or
neglect.

After the Restoration, he was made Cofferer to Charles II. and
dying without issue in December, 1679, was buried in the church
©f Ashburnham, in Sussex, where a noble monument of whit®
marble is erected to his memory, with his effigies in a Roman
dress, and the effigies of his Lady, in white marble, reposing her
right arm on a cushion, an angel holding a wreath on her head;
and in a compartment of white marble is this inscription :

Under this Tomb (viz. in the Vault for this Family), lie the
Boaies of Jane Countess of Marlborough, and William Ash-
burnham her husband, second Son of Sir John Ashburnham.
She was Daughter to John Lord Butler, of Hertfordshire;
she was married, first, to James Earl of Marlborough, Lord
High Treasurer of England, who, after seven years, died,
and left her a young, beautiful, and rich ividoiv. When this

"» Hist, cf Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. III. p. 49v

256 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

William coming from beyond Sea, where he was bred a Soldier,
married her, and after lived almost Jive and forty Years most
happily with her. She was a very great Lover, and (through
God's Mercy), a great Blessing to this Family, which is
hoped will ever remember it with honouring her Memory.
This William Ashburnham, her Husband, lived after her to a
great Age, and gloried in nothing in this World, but this his
Wife, and the almost unparalleled Love and entire Friend-
ship, that for above 50 Years was between his dear elder Bro-
ther, John Ashburnham, and himself. He was Cofferer to
King Charles the First, and King Charles the Second: he
died without Issue, and, by God's Blessing, was a happy
Preserver of his Brother's Posterity.

The Praise and Glory of it be to God alone.

John Ashburnham (eldest son and heir of Sir John, and bro-
ther to William Ashburnham last mentioned), was one of the
grooms of the Bedchamber to Charles I. and in J 640, was elected
to parliament for the port of Hastings. He attended on his Ma-
jesty throughout that unnatural rebellion against him ; and his
behaviour was so satisfactory, that the King had an entire confi-
dence in him, and was pleased to nominate him, in 1044, one of
his Commissioners for the treaty at Uxbridge. Also, in 1645,
the King desired of the Parliament, that a safe-conduct might be
granted to the Duke of Richmond, the Earl of Southampton, Mr.
John Ashburnham, and Mr. JefFery Palmer, to come to West-
minster, with his propositions for peace. And he was also one
his Majesty declared he was willing to commit the militia to, for
such time, and with such power, as expressed by his Commis-
sioners at Uxbridge.

On April 27th, 1646, when his Majesty thought proper to
leave Oxford, Mr. Ashburnham was the only servant that attended
him; and, indeed, the only person, except a clergyman, Dr.
Hudson, who served as a guide. Afterwards, when the King was
in the hands of the Scots army, he transported himself to France,
with his Majesty's approbation, the Scots threatening to deliver
him to the Parliament; and had forbid him his Majesty's pre-
sence. But when he heard the King was in the hands of the
English army, and that there was not the same restraint as for-
merly, he resolved to make an adventure to wait on him j and
having, by some friends, a recommendation, both to Cromwell
and Ireton (who knew the credit he had with the King, and that

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 257

his Majesty would be very well pleased to have his attendance,
and look on it as a testimony of their respect to him), he was left
at liberty to repair to the King, and was very welcome to his
Majesty. He, and Sir John Berkeley, who came from France at
the same time, were the two principal agents for conferring both
with his Majesty's friendst and with the officers of the army, as
often as they desired. But the army having got the sole power,
and subdued all opposition from the parliament, as well as the
city, they began not only to be less regardful of these his Ma-
jesty's agents, but even of the King himself 5 who therefore re-
solved to make his escape. Mr. Ashburnham was chiefly confided
in j and he and Sir John Berkeley having passes sent them to go
beyond the seas, contrived means for his Majesty's escape from
Hampton-Court, which was effected on November 11th, l647j
and having conducted the King to the sea -coast, they were sent
to treat with Colonel Hammond, governor of the Isle of Wight,
to take the King into his protection, which he seemed to comply
with ; but by a fatal mistake of this man's honour, that unhappy
Prince was delivered into the hands of the army : this occasioned

suspicion of Mr. Ashburnham's, as well as Berkeley's fidelity }
but it chiefly lay on the former, because, as Lord Clarendon
writes, it was inferred, he was known to have so great an influ-
ence on his Majesty's councils and resolutions, that he could not
be ignorant of any thing that moved him.

Yet Lord Clarendon, who discourses largely of this affair, suf-
ficiently clears Mr. Ashburnham from 'the imputation laid to his
charge, saying, " That he preserved his reputation and credit
with the most eminent of the King's party; and his remaining
in England after the death of the King, which his enemies charged
as an aggravation of suspicion against him, was upon the mar^
riage of a lady, by whom he had a great fortune, and many con-
veniencies, which would have been seized by his leaving the
kingdom; and he did send over to King Charles II. and had leave
to stay there, and sometimes supplied the King with considerable
sums of money. Afterwards he was committed to the Tower by
Cromwell, where he remained till his death ; and the King was
known, to the last, to have had a clear opinion of his affection
and integrity; and when King Charles II returned, most of those
of the greatest reputation, as the Marquis of Hertford, and the
Earl of Southampton, gave him a good testimony.

" Upon the whole (says the same historian), it is probable that
Cromwell, who, many years after, committed him to the Tower,

VOL. iv, I

258 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and did hate him, and desired to have taken his life, would have
been glad to have blasted his reputation, by declaring, that he
had carried his master to the Isle of Wight without his privity,
merely upon his own presumption. Besides, he was a person of
unblemished honour and veracity j and had not any temptation,
and never gave any cause in the subsequent actions of his life to
have his fidelity suspected."

In a manuscript I have seen, wrote by this Mr. Ashburnham,
in his own vindication, fee thus expresses himself: « And though
for no other motive, yet for this, that my own posterity may
know I have not stupidly, through silence, passed by the heavy
censures upon me, there shall be (for their information), this
faithful discourse extant, to settle their judgments of my integrity
to his Majesty, and prevent the irreverence which otherwise may
perhaps not only be paid by them to my memory, but give them
cause (taking loose reports for granted truths), to loath them-
selves, for being branches of so unworthy and wicked a stock.

If men would but as well consider the painful and vexatious
part imposed on me, during all the wars, as they look upon the
privileges I enjoyed, by my near relation to his Majesty's service,
they wrould find more cause to pity me for my labours, than to
envy me for the honour or profit of my employments : for, from
the time his Majesty went last from London, to the lime he left
Oxford to go to the Scots army, I will confidently affirm, I lived
as painful, and as servile a life, as any (whoever he was), of the
meanest degree. But I hope that an unhappy fate, which hath
hitherto followed me, will at least leave me in this, so that 1 may
riot be understood to repine at the hardships of my duty. Had
the travel of my body or mind been much more beset with toils
and difficulties, I should (with the same chearfulness), have
waded through all, when in the least measure there had been
question of pursuing his Majesty's interest. It is not part of my
intentions to adventure upon the history of the unfortunate divi-
sions between his Majesty and the two houses of Parliament, my
business being only to deliver so much as my duty was particu-
larly concerned in, when his Majesty was pleased to remove from
Oxford to the Scots army ; and from Hampton Court to the Isle
pf "Wight; and not to trouble myself or others with more thau
what is pertinent to the suppressing those fake and horrid asper-r
sions cast upon my fidelity in both these actions, wherein I shall
be careful that nothing shall fall from me, the truth whereof J
will not be ready at all times to justify with my life.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBU&NHAM. 259

* To wave therefore all things that passed between his Majesty,
the two houses of Parliament, and their armies, till the month of
April 1046, I hold it fit to give the state of things: that when
his Majesty's forces were reduced to the last period (which I take
to be the time that Oxford was besieged), it was judged neces-
sary, by all considering men, that his sacred person should not
be liable to the success of an assault (for conditions or treaties
seemed vain to be expected where the King was), but that some
expedient should be found by an escape from thence to save his
life, though nothing could be thought on in order to his flight,
that, in point of danger, kept not equal pace with the hazard of
his stay. Notwithstanding it was then first debated (as the King
was pleased to tell me), whether it were not better for his Ma-
jesty to stay, than leave Oxford, &c."

After the Restoration, he was restored to his former post of
Groom of the Bed-chamber, and was elected one of the Knights
of the Shire for Sussex, to that parliament which met at West-
minster, anno l66l. He lies buried in the chancel of Ashbnrn-
ham church, under a noble monument of black and white
marble, whereon lies the effigies in full proportion of a gentleman
in armour, between his two wives -; the one in a winding-sheet,
and the other in a Baroness's robe, with a coronet on her head j
all their hands elevated j and underneath are the figures of four
sons, and four daughters, kneeling before a desk. Over all, in
an arch of white marble, supported by two black marble pillars,
is the following inscription on black marble, in gilt Roman
letters :

(< Here lies in the Vault underneath, John Ashburnham, Esq,
of this Place, Son to the unfortunate Person Sir John Ash-
burnham, whose good nature and frank Disposition towards
his Friends, in being deeply engaged for them, necessitated
him to sell this place (in his Family long before the Con-
quest), and all the Estate he had elsewhere, not leaving to
his Wife and six Children the least substance 3 which is not
inserted to the least Disadvantage of his Memory (God for-
bid it should be understood to be a Charge of Disrespect
upon him), but to give God the Praise j who so suddenlv
provided both for his Wife and Children, as that with n
less than two Years after the Death of the said Sir John,
there was not any of them but was in Condition rather
\p be helpful to others, than to want support themselves.

260 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

May God be pleased to add this Blessing to his Posterity,
that they may never be unmindful of the great things He
has done for them. The wife of the said Sir John Ashburn-
ham, was daughter to Sir Thomas Beaumont, of Staughton,
in the county of Leicester) she was very eminent for her
great temper and prudence: she died in the seventy fifth
Year of her Age ; and both the said Sir John, and his Wife,
lie buried in the Church of St. Andrew's, in Holborn, Lon-
don." Sir John died 1620, aet. 49.

" The said Mr. John Ashburnham married the daughter and
heir of William Holland, of Westburton, in this County,
Esq. who lies also here interred, and by whom he had these
eight children. She made the first step towards the recovery
of some part of the inheritance wasted by the said Sir John;
for she sold her whole estate to lay out the money in this
place. She lived in great reputation for piety and discre-
tion, and died in the seven and thirtieth Year of her Age.
The second Wife to the said Mr. John Ashburnham, who
lies also here interred, was the Widow of the Lord Poulett,
of Hinton St. George, in the county of Somerset : she was
daughter and heir to Christopher Kenn, of Kenn, in that
county, Esq. who left her a great estate in lands, now in
the possession of the Lord Poulett. She was worthy imita-
tion by all her sex, for her honourable and religious conver-
sation : she brought great advantages to the family of this
place, and died at the age of seventy years and four months :
and her memory is precious to all considering persons that
knew her. This Mr. John Ashburnham was of the Bed-
chamber to their Majesties Charles I. and Charles II. who
when he had performed the service to God in building this
Church at his own charge, died in the sixty-eighth year of
his age, on the fifteenth Day of June, in the Year of our
Lord 1671."

Frances, the first wife of the said John Ashburnham, died in
the year l64gt and was buried at Ashburnham. Of their daugh-
ters, Frances, born anno 1632, was married to Sir Denny Ash-
burnham, of Brdmham, in Sussex, Bart, from whom was descended
the late Sir William Ashburnham, Lord Bishop of Chichester j
and Elizabeth, to Sir Hugh Smith, of Long-Ashton, in the county
of Somerset, Bart.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 26l

William Ashburnham, Esq. the eldest son, died in the year
1655, and was buried at Ashburnham, having married Elizabeth,
daughter of John Lord Poulett, of Hinton St. George, by whom
he had issue, John, his son and heir, created Lord Ashburnham.
And the said Elizabeth was, secondly, married to Sir William
Hartop, of Rotherby, in the county of Leicester, and dying on
August 18th, 1690, aged sixty, was buried at Ashburnham.

John Ashburnham, first Peer, born January 15th, 1655-6,
was heir to his grandfather, as also to his uncle, William Ash->
burnham; and on the accession of King William and Queen
Mary, was created a Baron, by the style and title of Lord Ash-
burnham, Baron of Ashlurnham, in Sussex, by letters-patent,
dated May 20th, l6o8,n in the first year of their reign. His Lord-
ship married, in Westminster-Abbey, July 22d, 1QJ7, Bridget,,
only daughter and heir to Walter Vaugban, of Porthommel-
House, in Brecknockshire, Esq. and on August 19th, 1702, his
Lordship was constituted Custos Rotulorum ° of that county. He
departed this life at his house in Southampton -street, near Blooms-
bury-square, on January 22d, 1709-10, aged fifty-four years and
seven days, and was buried at Ashburnham, where also the re-
mains of his lady are deposited. He left issue three sons.

1. William, who succeeded him in honour and estate.

2. John, late Earl Ashburnham. And,

3. Bertram, who died in April 1743, unmarried.

Also two daughters; Elizabeth, married, first, to Robert Choi-
mondeley, of Holford, in Cheshire ; and, secondly, to Seymour
Cholmondeley, Esq. and died on January 26th, 1731-2; and Jane,
wedded to James Hays, Esq.* and died in August 1/31.

William, second Lord Ashburnham, born May 20tb,
l675> married Catharine, daughter, and, at length, sole heir to
Thomas Taylor, of Clapham, in the county of Bedford, Esq. but
died (leaving no issue by her), on June 16th, 1710, and she on
July 1 1 tb, the same year, aged twenty-three years, and were both
buried at Ashburnham. To whom succeeded, his next brother
and heir,

John, third Lord, and first Earl of Ashburnham, bap-
tized March 13th, 1687; he was by Queen Anne constituted
Colonel and Captain of the first troop of Horse Guards; and in
December, 1728, appointed Gentleman of the Bed-chamber to
Frederick Prince of Wales, but resigned that office in June,

■ E* Collect Greg, King Lane, fecial, « Pat. 3 Geo. II.

2d2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1/31; having the year before, on- May 14th, 1/30, in conside-
ration of his great merits, been created Viscount St. Asapky in the
Principality of Wales, and Earl Ashburnham. And on No-
vember 23d, 1731, was constituted Captain of the Yeomen of the
Guard.

His Lordship married to his first wife, on October 21st, 1/10,
the Lady Mary Butler, daughter to James Duke of Ormond, who
died without issue on January 2d, 17*2, in the twenty-third year
of her age, and was buried at Ashburnham.

He married, secondly, on July 24th, 1714, Henrietta, widow
of John Earl of Anglesey, and daughter to William Earl of Derby,
who died on June 26th, 1/18, in the thirty-first year of her age,
leaving an only daughter, the Lady Henrietta Ashburnham, who
died unmarried on August 8th, 1/32.

He married, to his third wife, the Lady Jemima Grey, daugh-
ter and coheir to Henry Duke of Kent; which Lady died on July
7th, 1731, leaving issue one son, John.

The said John Earl of Ashburnham departing this life at hi*
house in St. James's-square, in the forty-ninth year of his age, on
March 10th, 1/36-7, was buried at Ashburnham. To whom suc-
ceeded the beforementioned

John, his only son and heir, second Earl of Ashburnham,
born October 30th, 1724, one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to
his late Majesty; and July 14th, 1753, appointed Keeper of
Hyde Park, and also Keeper of St. James's Park. On the acces-
sion of his present Majesty, his Lordship was continued in those
offices, until he resigned tbem in 17&2; on November 10th,
1775, was appointed first Lord of the Bed-chamber, and Groom of
the Stole to his Majesty, which he resigned in 1775« He is LL.D.

He married, on June 28th, J 756, Elizabeth, daughter and co-
heir of Ambrose Crawley, Esq. late Alderman of London : and
by her Ladyship, who died at Bath, 6th February, 178I, had issue

1. George, discount St. Asaph, born on February 2d, 1758,
and died on the 13th of the same month.

2. George, now Viscount St. Asaph, born on December 25th,
1760, and baptized on January 23d following, his Majesty, the
Duke of Newcastle, and the Princess Dowager of Wales, being
personally sponsors, married, first, August 2Sth, 1784, Sophia,
third daughter of Thomas, first Marquis of Bath, by whom (who
died April 9th, 1791), he had, 1. George, born October 9th,
1785, M. P. for NewRomney, 1807. 2. Elizabeth. 3. Sophia.
4. John, an Ensign in the CokUtream. Regiment of Foot Guards.

ASHBURNHAM EARL ASHBURNHAM. 263

He married, secondly, Charlotte, eldest daughter of Charles,
Earl of Beverley, by whom he has, 5. A son, March 19th, 1803.
His Lordship was summoned to Parliament on March 23d, 1803,
as Baron Ashburnham, and placed in the seat of his father's
Barony of May 30th, 1689.

3. Lady Henrietta Theodosia, born November 8th, 1^59.

4. Lady Jemima Elizabeth, born January 1st, 1762, married,
February 26th, 1785, James, now Duke of Montrose, and died
September 18th, 1786'.

5. Lady Elizabeth Frances, born May I Oth, 1763-

6. Lady Theodosia Maria, born June 16th, 17^5, married, June
4th, 1788, Robert Vyner, Esq. of Gautby, in Lincolnshire j and
has issue.

Titles. John Ashburnham, Earl Ashburnham, Viscount St.
Asaph, and Baron Ashburnham.

Creations. Baron Ashburnham, of Ashburnham, in Sussex,
May 30th, 1689, 1 W. and M.; Viscount St. Asaph, in the Prin-
cipality of Wales, and Earl Ashburnham, May 14th, 1730, 3
Geo. II.

Arms. Gules, a fess between six mullets, Argent.

Crest. Out of a ducal coronet, Or, an ash-tree proper.

Supporters. Two greyhounds, Sable, collared and chained,
Or.

Motto. Le Roy et L'estat.

Chief Seats. At Ashburnham, in the count of Sussex; and at
Chelsea, in the county of Middlesex.

2(54

PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

HOWARD EARL OF EFFINGHAM.

Having, in the first volume of this work, mentioned the issue
of Thomas, the second Duke of Norfolk, by Agnes, his second
wife (sister and heir of Sir Philip Tilney, of Boston, in the county
of Lincoln), I come now to treat of the eldest son by that mar-
riage,

Lord William Howard, first Lord Howard of Effing-
ham, who in October, 1532, was among those courtiers a who
attended on their sovereign at his magnificent interview with
Francis I. the French King, at Boulogne, having b in his retinue
eleven servants, ::nd two horsekeepers : and on June 1st, next
year, assisted at the coronation of Queen Anne Boleyn,c as Earl
Marshal of England, in the room of his brother, the Duke of
Norfolk, then Ambassador in France. In 1534, he was dsent
into Scotland to present King James V. with the Order of the
Garter, and to desire him to come into England, and accompany
King Henry to his intended interview with the French King;
with which the Scottish Monarch did not comply. Also the fol-
lowing year was again esent thither with William Barlow, Bishop
of St. Asaph, to procure an interview between King Henry and
the Scottish King, as also to make certain advantageous propo-
sitions to him, which were also declined. After that he was sent
Ambassador into France/ and soon after his return in 1541, he,
together with his Lady, and several of his relations, were indicted
for misprision of treason, in concealing the misdemeanor of Ca-

* Stow'i Annate, p. $oo. b MS. in Bibl. Joh. Anstis, Arm. Not. B. J.

€ Hollinshed's Chron. p. 931.
«» Herbert's Life cf H. VIII. in Hist, of Eng. Vol. II. p. 176.
« Ibid. p. 184. f Hollinsfced, p. 955, and Herbert, p. 229.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 265

tharine Howards (fifth wife of Henry VIII.) who for her un-
happy deportment, lost her head, February 13th, 1542. And
this Lord William Howard, with his Lady, being convicted of
not discovering what they knew of the Queen's behaviour, were
condemned to perpetual imprisonment, and adjudged to forfeiture
of their goods, and the profits of their lands during life. How-
ever, it* consideration of his services (and it may be his innocence)
he was soon after pardoned j and in 1544, hhe accompanied the
Earl of Hertford in that expedition then made against the Scots.
Also the following syear he attended on the King at the siege of
Boulogne. In kthe 4th of Edward VI. when matters were ad-
justed between England and France, and Boulogne was to be
restored to the French, and six hostages were to be given by the
French for a great sum of money to be paid to King Edward, in
consideration of the restitution of Boulogne, this Lord William
Howard, and other noblemen, were, on April 20th, ordered to
receive them, being six of th« French principal nobility, between
Dover and London, to conduct them the more honourably accord-
ing to their estates. In 1553,1 many of the nobility, whereof
this Lord William Howard was one, were by King Edward in-
corporated, a« Merchant- Ad venturers to Muscovy, who at their
own costs and charges provided three ships, to discover territories
unknown, northwards, north-eastwards, and north-westwards;
In which voyage Sir Hugh Willoughby, the Chief Commander,
was froze to death sitting in his cabin j but Richard Chancellor,
the next Commander, arrived safe at St. Nicholas's port in Russia,
and travelling to the court of the Czar, Juan Basilowitz II. deli*
vered the King's letters to him j and returned with that Prince's
letters to King Edward, granting free traffic to the English in
any parts of his dominions. This was their first entrance into
Russia.

In the 6th year m of Edward VI. he was constituted Deputy of
Calais: and having manifested his valour on several occasions,
and been stedfast in his loyalty both to Henry VIII. and Ed-
ward VI. as also to Queen Mary on her accession to the Crown,
he was created a Peer of the realm, by letters patent bearing date
11 Martii, 1553-4, the first year of her reign,n by the title of
Lord Howard of Effingham. Also, on °the 20th of the

£ See Gent. Mag. Vol. LXVII. p. 543, 544. k Hollinshed, p. 961.

* Rymer'i FoeJera, torn. 15. p. 56. k Strype*a Mem. Vol.11, p, 229.

1 Ibid. p. 319. «n Pat. 6, Edward VI. p. 3.

0 P* . 1 Mir. p. 7. *lbid. p. 5. M. 3.

266 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

same month was constituted Lord High Admiral of England,
Ireland, Wales, &c. On Wyat's insurrection that year, being
then Lord Admiral/ he was associated with Sir Thomas White,
Lord Mayor of London, for the protection and defence of the
city; and did good service, fortifying the bridge, and planting
cannon thereon, so that Wyat was obliged to retire, without at-
tempting to enter the city that way; though he expected great
help from the citizens, which (as Hollinshed recites), was frus-
trated by the Lord Admiral's prudent disposition.

On April 8th following, bearing the title of her beloved and
faithful Counsellor, Sir William Howard, Knt. Lord Howard of
Effingham, High Admiral of England and Ifales, Ireland, Gas-
cony, and Aquitain, the Queen, in consideration of his <i fidelity,
prudence, valour, and industry, diligence, experience, and inte-
grity, constitutes him her Lieutenant-General, and Chief Com-
mander of her whole fleet and royal army, going to sea for the
defence of her friends, &c. And soon after setting sail with
twenty-eight ships of war, and other vessels, he kept r the seas
about three months, and meeting with Philip Prince of Spain, he
waited on him till his arrival at Southampton, July 19th, 1554 ;
and also attended his marriage with the Queen at Winchester, on
the 25th following.

His Lordship s was elected Knight of the most noble Order of
the Garter, on October 9th, the same year, and installed in De-
cember following. His plate of installation * is in the eleventh
stall of the chapel of St. George at Windsor; which reciting his
being Admiral of England and Ireland, and being continued
Chamberlain of the Household by Queen Elizabeth, shews that it
must have been put up in the reign of the last-mentioned Prin-
cess. Although his Lordship complied with Mary's religion, yet
it was with great moderation: for, in 1554, being one of the
Commissioners for trying those who refused to go to Mass, he ■
at the arraignment of eleven persons, who were asked whether
they would be united again to the Catholic church with the rest
of the realm, finding ten of them refuse, put this favourable
question to the last, Whether he would he an honest man, as his
father was before him ? and the person, interrogated, answering
yea, was discharged. Also, during the troubles of the Lady Eli-

P Hollinshed, p. 1097. ' Rymer, p. 382.

* Hollinshed, p. 1 1 18. » MS. of the Knights of the Garter.

* Pote's Antiquities of Windsor, p. 291.

» Stryue's Memorials, Vol. 111. p. 208.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 267

zabeth, being x sent to her from the Queen, he used her with the
greatest respect, when many of the court treated her most con-
temptuously.

Wherefore Elizabeth, on her accession to the throne, not only-
continued him in his place of Lord Chamberlasn,y and of her
Privy-Council, but employed him in the weightiest affairs of
state. On January 20th, in the first year of her reign,2 his Lord-
ship, with the Bishop of Ely, and Nicholas Wot ton, Dean of
Canterbury, were empowered to conclude a peace with the French
King. And on May 23d following/ he was appointed one of the
Commissioners to take the oath of supremacy of all persons that
enjoyed any employments or trust under the Queen, bearing then
the title of Lord Chamberlain to her household.

He continued in that post till b July 13th, 1572, when being
worn out with the fatigues of an active life,c he resigned it, and
was made Lord Privy-Seal, which post he enjoyed but a short
timejd dying on January 21st following, at Hampton-Court, full
of years and honour ; being (as Camden e writes), of most ap-
proved fidelity, and unshaken courage. He was f buried in the
family vault of the Howards, under the chancel in the church of
Ryegate, in Surry, on the 29th ensuing.

His Lordship married two wives ; whereof the first lies buried
in the chancel of the church of Lambeth, in Surry, under a mo-
nument erected to her memory, with this inscription :

Here lyeth Katharine Howard, one of the Sisters and Heires of
John Broughton, Esq. Sonne and Heire of John Broughton, Esq.
and late Wife of Lord William Howard, one of the Sonnes of the
right high and mighty Prince Lord Thomas, late Duke of Nor-
folk, High Treasurer and Earl Marshall of England: Which
Lord William and Lady Kalherine left issue betweene them law*
fully begotten, Agnes Howard, their only daughter. Which said
Lady Katherine deceased the x'xiii Day of April, A* Dom, 1535.
Whose Soule Jesu pardon.

The said daughter Agnes, was married to William Paulet, the
third Marquis of Winchester, and died in J601.

* Hollinshed, p. 1158. Y Camden's Elizabeth.

* Rymer, torn. 15. p. 610. a Ibid. p. 618. b Hollinshed, p. 1231.

c Camden, p. 450. * Hollinshed, p. 1257. '

• Life of Qween Elizabeth, p. 449.
{ Ei Collect, sub manu Toh. Anstis Arraig'r.

268 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

This Lord Howard of Effingham had to his second wife Mar-
garet, second daughter of Sir Thomas Gamage, of Coity, in Gla-
morganshire, Knt. by Margaret, daughter of Sir John St. John,
of Bletsho (who survived him, dying in May 1581, and was bu-
ried in the same vault with her husband, under Ryegate church,
on the lgth of the same month), by whom he had issue four
sons.

1. Charles, his successor.

2. Sir William Howard, of Lingfield, in Surry, who died in
1600, and was buried at Ryegate, ancestor to the present Earl of
Effingham.

3. Edward. And.

4. Henry, who both died young.
Also five daughters.

1. Douglas/ married to John Lord Sheffield, ancestor to the
late Duke of Buckinghamshire} secondly, to Robert Earl of
Leicester} and afterwards to Sir Edward Stafford, of Grafton,
Knt.

2. Mary, married, first, to Edward Lord Dudley; afterwards
to Richard Mompesson, Esq. she died August 2 1st, lfjOO, and
was buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Westminster,
where a monument was erected to her memory.

3. Frances, wedded to Edward, Earl of Hertford, and died
without issue, 14th May, 1598, aged forty-four, and was buried
in the Chapel of St. Benedict, in Westminster Abbey, against the
east wall of which chapel is a very stately monument twenty-six
feet high, with a suitable inscription to her memory.

4. Martha, to Sir George Bourchier, Knt. third son to John
Earl of Bath. And,

5. Katherine, who died young, September 22d, 1598, and was
also buried with her parents.

By his last will and testament,h bearing date 6th Maii, 156Q,
he bequeathed to Charles, his son and heir, his collar of gold,
and all his robes belonging to the Order of the Garter; and ap-
pointed a tomb to be made for him in the chancel of the parish
church of Ryegate, in Surry, where he ordered his body to be

E See a very extraordinary account of her intrigues with Lord Leicester, du-,
Ting Lord Leicester's life, in Gervase Holles's curious Memoirs of the HolLg
family. Her second marriage with Lord Leicester was denied ; and the celebra-
ted Sir Robert Dudley, her son, declared illegitimate. But the mystery is not
cleared up to this day.

h Regist. Peter, q. %%. in Cur. Prerog. Cant.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 26*9

buried -, which was accordingly done with great solemnity, on
January 2()th, 1572-3, seventeen days after his death.

Chakles second Lord Howard of Effingham, and first
Earl of Nottingham, his eldest son, was initiated during the
lifetime of his father in the affairs of state ; being ' sent in 2
Eliz. on the death of the French King, with a compliment of
condolence to his successor, and to congratulate him on his suc-
cession ; also to desire, that the friendship so lately commenced
between the two crowns might continue. Returning from this
embassy, he was k elected one of the Knights for the county of
Surry, in that Parliament began at Westminster, January 11th,
1502-3, and in 12 Eliz. was General1 of the horsemen under the
Earl of Warwick, in that army sent against the Earls of North-
umberland and Westmoreland, then in rebellion. The following
year he was sent m with a fleet of men of war to convoy the Lady
Anne of Austria, daughter of the Emperor Maximilian, going
into Spain, over the Britsh seas. And n elected for Surry, in the
Parliament which met May 8th, 1572, having before that time
received the honour of knighthood.

He was installed Knight of the most noble Order of the Garter
on April 24th, 1574:, also was made °Lord Chamberlain of the
Household. In 1586, he was Pone of the Noblemen appointed
Commissioners by the Queen's patent, for the trial of the Queen
of Scots j and therein is styled of the Privy Council, and Lord
High Admiral of England/i having been so constituted in
1584-5. In 1588, the memorable year of the Spanish Invasion,
the Queen (as Camden r writes), having a great opinion of his
fortunate conduct, and well knowing him to be skilful in mari-
time affairs, wary and provident, valiant and courageous, indus-
trious and active 3 and that by the sweetness of his behaviour,
and by his bravery and conduct, he was of great authority and
esteem among the seamen, she committed to him the command
of the whole fleet : with which he had the honour of saving his
country, by dispersing and totally ruining that fleet, which the
Spaniards had fondly boasted to be invincible, and had been
three whole years fitting out, at a vast expence; and thereby
gained immortal honour to himself and family. For which great

i Camden, p. 278. * Willis's Notitia Par!, p. 70. 75.

I Hollinshed, p, 12T2. m Carr.den, p. 430. x

n Willis, p. 88. 95. ° Camden, p. 510.

t Camden Eliz. in Hist, of Eng. Vol. II. p. $10. < Ibid.

» In Annals of Queen Elizabeth, p. 543.

270 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

service the Queen not only settled a pension on him, but ever
after considered him as a person born for the preservation of his
country. And when, in 15Q6, on a report of the Spaniards again
attempting to invade England, a fleet was equipped of 150 ships,
with land forces on board, he was smade Commander in Chief
at sea, and the Earl of Essex at land. In which expedition Cadiz
was taken ; and he merited so much, and his service therein was
so well esteemed, that the Queen, on October 22d the same year,*
advanced him to the dignity and title of Earl of Nottingham
(being descended from the family of Mowbray, whereof some
have been Earls of that county), the reasons whereof are thus "in-
serted in his patent :

" That by the victory obtained anno 1588, he had secured the
kingdom of England from the invasion of Spain, and other im-
pendent dangers} and did also in conjunction with our dear
cousin Robert Earl of Essex, seize by force the isle and strongly
fortified city of Cales, in the furthest part of Spain ; and did like-
wise entirely rout and defeat another fleet of the King of Spain,
prepared in that port against this kingdom."

In the same year he was x constituted Justice Itinerant, for
life, of all the forests south of Trent. And in 41 Eliz. when yon
a report of the Spaniards again designing the invasion of England,
and on private intelligence that the Earl of Essex, then Deputy
of Ireland, discontented at the power of his adversaries, was me-
ditating to return into England with a select party of men, on
which the Queen raised 6000 foot soldiers, to be ready on any
emergency; she reposed so entire a confidence in the fidelity of
this Earl, that she z committed to him the chief command. Hut
these forces were again disbanded in a few days, and the Earl had
no opportunity to exercise his courage or conduct, till 44 Eliz.
when on the Earl of Essex's insurrection he was senta to reduce
Drury-house, whither Essex had retired, which was presently
surrendered. The same year he was b constituted one of the
Commissioners for exercising the office of Earl Marshal of Eng-
land. The year after, the Queen, sensible of her declining con-
dition, removed from Westminster to Richmond (where she ended
h,er days on March 24th, 1 602-3), and said to the Lord Admiral,
for whom she had a particular respect, My throne has been helc(

» Camden, p. £91. t pat. 39 Eliz. p. 3, * Camden, p. 599,

x Pat. 39 Eliz. p. 1. y Camden, p. 616.

» Pat. 41 Eliz. p. 24. in dorso. a Camden, p. 632,

b Pit. 41 Eliz. p. 14. in dorsoa

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 2;i

ly Princes in the nvay of succession, and ought not to go to any but
my next and immediate heir. Which he acquainting the council
with, some time before her death, they deputed him, the Lord
Keeper, and the Secretary, to wait on the Queen, to learn her
pleasure in reference to the succession ; whereupon she declared
the King of Scots to be her nearest kinsman and successor.

On whose accession to the throne, the Earl was continued in
his post of Lor J Admiral, and at his coronation, was c made Lord
High Steward of England upon that occasion. He was also dsent
ambassador into Spain, attended with a very splendid retinue of
English noblemen, and was made one of the commissioners to
treat of an Union between England and Scotland.

King James having an absolute aversion to war, was now led
hastily to conclude a peace with Spain, even to the amazement
and great advantage of the Spaniards, who thereby had an op-
portunity given them of retrieving their almost desperate affairs,
and of pushing on the war with the Dutch, against whom they
were deeply enraged on account of their revolt for religion and
liberty. e It is said, indeed, this peace was not purchased without
the aid of large sums of money distributed by the Spanish ambas-
sador among the King's ministers/

f( The constable of Castille (says Wei don), so plyed his mas-
ter's business (in which he spared for no cost), that he procured
a peace so advantageous for Spaine, and so disadvantageous for
England, that it, and all Christendom, have since both seen and
felt the lamentable effect thereof. There was not one courtier of
note that tasted not of Spaine's bounty, either in gold or
jewels."s

The treaties of commerce now concluded by France and Eng-
land with Spain and the Archdukes, rendered it necessary to send
ambassadors extraordinary to those foreign courts ; and the Duke
of Lenox was dispatched to France; the Lord Admiral to Spain ;
and the Earl of Hertford to the court of Bruxelles.

" The chief point considered in the Spanish embassy (says
Carte), was to send a person of equal dignity with the Constable
of Castille ; and none could be thought of but Charles Howard,
Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral of England: he solicited
hard to be made a duke on the occasion, but could not prevail,

* Pat. I Jac. I. p, 18.

d Wilson's Life of K'ng James in Hist, of England, Vol. II. p. 673.
* bee Harris's Life of James I. p. 138. • * Rapin — Weklon, &;c, .

i P. 26, 27. . . .

272 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the dignity of his post being sufficient. He was the goodliest
person of the age, and still so, though far advanced in years j he
never had any great fund of sense, and was now grown the jest
of the court, too vain and weak a man to be employed in any
business, or entrusted with any important negotiation; but he
was well enough cut out to make a shew in matters of mere cere-
mony and compliment j especially at the court of Spain, in whose
interest he was entirely embarked. His public instructions re-
lated only to the King of Spain's oath for observance of the treaty,
and his own master's neutrality : but in a private one from the
King and Council, he was charged to express his goodwill to the
Prince of Wales's marriage with the Infanta, if it came to be
mentioned. He had 15,0001. allowed for his expences; and
carried over with hicj Sir Charles Cornwallis,h who was to reside
in Spain as ordinary ambassador, six young noblemen, fifty
knights, and a retinue of five hundred persons ; yet his embassy
was not unprofitable j receiving at his parting thence to the value
of 20,0001. in presents} besides a pension of 12,000 crowns to
himself, and 30,000 among his followers. The Admiral, setting
out on March 28th, arrived on May 10th, at Valladolidj and on
Friday, the last of this month, his Catholick Majesty ratified the
peace upon oath in a great chamber of the palace j and subscribed
the articles, added by the Constable, about German merchandize,
and the inquisition. It was pretended that the clergy would not
surfer this to be done in a church or chapel, where the neglect of
reverence to the Holy Sacrament would give scandal $ and it was
perhaps some foresight hereof which made the Constable, when
he was to swear to the peace in England, desire it might be done
in Westminster-Hall, though he was over-ruled by Kin£ James,
and forced to take his oath in Whitehall chapel. When that
ceremony was performed in England and France, the Spanish
Ambassadors had dined with both the Kings -} and the Admiral
expected the like honour in Spain ; but this was excused as con-
trary to the custom of the court; no French ambassador, no papaj
nuncio, nor even the Duke of Savoy, though an absolute prince,
and married to the King's sister, being ever admitted to his table.
The Admiral leaving Valladolid on June 7th, arrived the 2.9th of
that month at Portsmouth, but found a worse reception at Court

h Sir Charles Cornwallis has given a minute account of their arrival at Vaila«»
dolid, in a Letter printed in Winyvood, and in Memoirs of King James's Peers,
196. In both which books are many other interesting Letters from. Sir CharL*
relative to this Embassy.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 273

than he expected j the folly of his tongue in Spain, the effect of
his vanity,1 bringing on him severe reproaches from his master.^*
This account by Carte is principally drawn from Winwood's Me-
morials.

The next event in Lord Nottingham's life which I find recorded
in history, was his attendance at the marriage of the Princes*
Elizabeth with the Elector Palatine.

<c In February (1012) following the death of Prince Henry
(says Arthur Wilson), the Prince Palatine and that lovely Prin-
cess the Lady Elizabeth, were married on Bishop Valentine's day,
in all the pomp and glory that so much grandeur could express.
Her vestments were white, the emblem of innocency ; her hair
dishevelled, hanging down her back at length, an ornament of
virginity} a crown of pure gold upon her head, the cognizance
of Majesty, being all over beset with precious gems shining like a
constellation ; her train supported by twelve young ladies in
white garments, so adorned with jewels, that her path looked like
a milky way. She was led to church by her brother, Prince
Charles, and the Earl of Northampton j the young bachelor, on
the right hand, and the old on the left. And while the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury was solemnizing the marriage, some corus-
cations and lightnings of joy appeared in her countenance, that
expressed more than an ordinary smile, being almost elated to a
laughter, which could not clear the air of her fate, but was rather
a forerunner of more sad and dire events : which shows how slip-
pery Nature is to toll us along to those things that bring danger,
yea sometimes destruction with them.

" She returned from the chapel between the Duke of Lenox,
and the Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral, two married
men. The feastings, maskings, and other royal formalities, were
as troublesome ('tis presumed) to the lovers, as the relation of
them here may be to the readers. For such splendor and gayety
are fitter to appear in Princes' courts than in histories.

" The city of London (that with high magnificence had feasted
the Prince Palatine, and his noble retinue), presented to the fair
bride a chain of Oriental pearl, by the hand of the Lord Mayor
and Aldermen (in their scarlet and gold chain accoutrements), of

1 His cousin Northampton complained of this weakness in him ; and had a
great contempt of his abilities. See his Letters in Memoirs of James's Peers,
221.

* Carte, III. 7*i>752-
TOL. IV. T

274 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

-such a value as Was fit for them to give, and her to receive. And
the people of the kingdom in general being summoned to n contri-
bution tor the marriage of the King's daughter, did shew their
affections by their bounty. And though it be the custom of our
Kings to pay 'heir daughters portions with their subjects purses,
yet an hundred years being almost past since such a precedent, it
might have made them unwilling (if their obedience had not been
full ripe), to recal such obsolete things, as are only in practice
now hy the meanest of the people.

" But, tired with feasting and jollity, about the middle of
April, when the beauties of the spring were enticing enough to
beguile the tediousness of the way, the Prince Elector willing to
review, and the Princess to see, what she was to enjoy ; after all
the caresses and sweet embraces that could be between the King,
Queen, and Princes, that were to be separated so long, and at
such a distance ; and after all the shows, pastimes, fireworks,
and other artifices that could be devised, and manifested, they
parted at Rochester ; the Lord Admiral being ready with a royal
navy in the Downs for their passage and conduct. The season
smiled, and they arrived the nine and twentieth of the month at
Flushing.1

In 1619, the Earl resigned his post of Lord High Admiral. He
was now eighty-three years of age, and desirous of repose ; but
not caring to lose the precedence which that dignity gave him,
the King conferred on him by a special patent, the privilege of
taking place, as his ancestor John Lord Mowbray, Earl of Not-
tingham, had done in the time of Richard II."1

The King also remitted him a debt of 18001. and settled a
pension on him of 1000 1. a year.11

He died at Haling House, in Surrey, act. 8/, December 14th,
1624, and was buried in the family vault under the chancel of
Ryegate church.0

Fuller, in his quaint language, gives the following character of
him :

" An hearty gentleman, and cordial to his Sovereign, of a most
proper person, one. reason why Queen Elizabeth (who, though
she did not value a jewel by, valued it the more for, a fair case),
reflected so much upon him. The first evidence he gave of his
prowess was when the Emperor's sister, the spouse of Spain, with

1 Wilson's History, p. 64, 6$. m Carte, IV. 5$. Camden's Annals;

n Camden's Annals.
a Sec the inscription on the brass p'ate of his coffin. Topogr. II. 270.

EARL OF EFPINGHAM. 175

a fleet of 130 sails, stoutly and proudly passed the narrow seas,
his Lordship, accompanied with ten ships only of her Majesty's
navy royal, environed their fleet in a most strange and warlike
sort, enforced them to stoop gallant, and to veil their bonnets to
the Queen of England.

w His service in the eighty-eighth is notoriously known, when
at the first news of the Spaniards approach, he towed at a cable
with his own hands to draw out the harbour-bound ships into the
sea : I dare boldly say, he drew more, though not by his person,
by his presence and example, than any ten in the place. True it
is he was no deep seaman (not to be expected from one of his
extraction), p but had skill enough to know those who had more
skill than himself, and to follow their instructions, and would not
starve the Queen's service by feeding his own sturdy wilfulness,
but was ruled by the experienced in sea -matters, the Queen hav-
ing a navy of oak, and an Admiral of osier.

" His last eminent service was, when he was commander of
the sea (as Essex of the land) forces, at the taking of Cadiz; for
which he was made Earl of Nottingham, the last of the Queen's
creation.

" His place was of great profit (prizes being so frequent in
that age), though great his necessary, and vast his voluntary ex-
pences; keeping (as I have read), seven standing houses at the
same time, at London, Ryegate, Effingham, Blechingly, &c. so
that the wonder is not great if he died not very wealthy.

" He lived to be very aged, who wrote " man" (if not mar-
ried), in the first of Queen Elizabeth, being an invited guest at
the solemn consecration of Matthew Parker at Lambeth ; and
many years after, by his testimony, confuted those lewd and loud
lies which the Papists tell of the Nag's Head in Cheapside. He
resigned his Admiralty in the reign of King James to the Duke
of Buckingham. "1

The Earl of Nottingham had by his first wife (Katharine
Cary),

1. William, summoned by writ to several Parliaments during
his father's life, who married, 1597* Anne, daughter and sole
heir to John Lord St. John, of Bletso/ but died before his father

P How different from the present day, when no birth would be an excuse for
ignorance of the profession in a sailor !

q Fuller's Worthies, Surrey, p. 83, 84.

r At Chelsea. Lysons, Environs of London, II. 159.

A daughter Anne, was baptized there Oct. 12th, 1605. Ibid.

*?6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in 1615 :• leaving Elizabeth, his sele daughter and heir,1 wh»
became the wife of John Lord Mordaunt, afterwards Earl of Pe-
terborough.

2. Charles, who succeeded his father as second Earl of Notting-
ham.

3. Frances, married to Sir Robert Southwell, of Woodrising, in
Norfolk j and afterwards to John Stewart, Earl of Carrick, in
Scotland.

4. Frances, married to Henry Fitzgerald, Earl of Kildare, in
Ireland j and afterwards to the unfortunate Henry Brooke, Lord
Cobham, whom she deserted in his misfortunes.

5. Margaret, married to Sir Richard Levison, of Trentham, in
Staffordshire, Knt. Vice Admiral of England.

By his second wife, the Lady Margaret Steward, the Earl had,

6. James, buried at Chelsea, June 5th, 1610.

7. Charles, born December 25th, 1616, and baptized the 23d
of January following, at Croydon (in which parish was his manor
house called Haling) ,u His father was now seventy-three years
old.x He succeeded his half-brother of the same names, in 1641,
as third Earl of Nottingham?

Besides these, there was a son, William, baptized 1615, and
buried two days afterwards; Thomas, buried February 5th, l6l7»
and Margaret, baptized December 22d, l6l8.z

The Countess their mother re-married William Viscount Mon-
son, of Ireland, the person who was degraded from his honours
in l66l, for having been accessary to the murder of Charles I.
She was buried at Chelsea August 19th, Jfj3g.a

Charles, second Earl of Nottingham, his eldest surviving
son, was Lord Lieutenant of the county of Surry, in 162,7, as ap-
pears from a sermon printed that year at London, dedicated to
him with these titles, The Right Honourable and most nolly de-

« Buried at Chehea. Ibid.
• She was buried at Chelsea November 18th, 1671. Ibid.
« Now belonging to William Parker Hamond, Esq. Lysons, Environs of
London, I. 178.

* Ibid. 196.
y During the Civil Wars he attached himself to the Parliament ; obtained
some of the sequestered lands, and was a tenant of Croydon Palace. Ibid. He
died 8. p. April 26th, 1681.

2 At Chelsea. Lysons, Environs of London, II. 120. A son was buried at
Ryegate xlo8.

* She had a son by Lord Monson, called Stewart, baptized at Chelsea March
31st, itfi8, buried April 8th. Ibid. m.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 277

scended Charles Lord Howard, Baron of Effingham, Earl of
Nottingham, Lord Lieutenant of the county of Surry j wherein
appears his manner of living, piety, &c. And several Books arc
also dedicated to him, which distinguish his Lordship as a reli-
gious and loyal Peer. He married on Tuesday, May 19th, 1597,
Charity, daughter b of Robert White, of Christ-Church, in Hamp-
shire, widow of William Leche, of Sheffield in Fletching, in
Sussex. Which Lady died without issue, on December 18th,
161 8, and was buried in Fletching church. x

His Lordship married, secondly, in Broad-street-church, Lon-
don, April 22d, 1620, Mary,c eldest daughter of Sir William
Cockayne, Knt. Alderman, and some time Lord Mayor of Lon-
don j and his Lordship dying without issue male on October 3d,
1642, was buried at Ryegate, in Surrey, on the 8th of the said
month j Sir Charles Howard, Knt. his half-broth er,d succeeding
him in his honours. Which

Charles, third Earl of Nottingham, received the honour
of knighthood at Theobalds, on April 2d, 1624, and having
married Arabella, daughter to Edward Smith, of the Middle-
Temple, Esq. and sister to Sir Edward Smith, Lord Chief Justice
of the court of Common Pleas in Ireland/ departed this life on
April 26th, 1681, without issue, and was buried at Ryegate) and
his widow surviving till the 1 6th January following, was buried
in the church of St. Mary, within the Savoy, London/

Whereupon the Earldom of Nottingham became extinct, and
the title of Lord Howard of Effingham devolved on Francis
Howard, ©f Great-Bookham, in Surrey, Esq. great grandson of
Sir William Howard, of Lingfield, in Surrey, second son to Wil-
liam (who had first been created Lord Howard of Effingham),
by Margaret, his second wife, daughter of Sir Thomas Gamage.
Which

Sir William Howard of Lingfield, in the year 1581, was
among those noble persons who s accompanied the Duke of Anjou
on his departure out of England, into the Low Countries, where
he was to be invested with the chief sovereignty. He afterwards

b Additions and Emendat. in the Baronage of England, from the notes of Sir
W. Dugdale, by Gr. King Lane. Fecial.

« She was buried at Ryegate, 1650. Topogr. III. 269.
* Additions and Emendat. in the Baronage of England, from the notei of Sir
W. Dugdale, by Gr. King Lane. Fecial.
c Seymour's Survey of London, fol. 682. f Ibid. Vol. II, fol. 681,

S Hollinsb. p. 2329.

2^8 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

received the honour of knighthood ; and having h been elected a
member for the borough of Ryegate, in Surrey, to several parlia-
ments, departed this life, on September 1st, 1600, and was buried
at Ryegate, in Surrey, the 26th of the same month,1 seised of the
manor of k Great Bookham, with the appurtenances in Bookham;
the manor or college of Lingfield ; the manor of Billehurst, and
rectory of Lingfield, and the advowson of the living aforesaid. By
Frances his wife, daughter of William Gouldwell, of Gouldwell-
hall, in the county of Kent, he had three sons;

1. Sir Edward.

2. Sir Francis. And,

3. Sir Charles; who were all honoured with knighthood.1

Sir Edward, the eldest son, inherited the estate, and served "l
for the borough of Ryegate in the last parliament called by Queen
Elizabeth j as also in the first of King James I. who "conferred
the honour of knighthood on him at the Charterhouse, on May
11th, 1603. He was Cup bearer to that King j and dying with-
out issue in the year 1620, the estate descended to his next bro-
ther and heir,

Sir Francis,0 who received the honour of knighthood at Cha-
tham, on July 4th, 1004, and married Jane, daughter of Sir Wil-
liam Monson, of Kinnersley, in Surrey, Knt. He died on July
/th, 1651, and lies buried in the church of Great-Bookham, in
Surrey, under a monument erected to his memory.

His issue were seven sons, and one daughter j Charles, William,
Henry, Thomas, Edward, Lodowick, John, and Mary.

Charles, his eldest son, received the honour of knighthood,
and dying on March 20th, 1672, aged fifty-seven, lies buried un-
der a black marble in the church of Lingfield, in Surrey. By his
wife, Frances, daughter of Sir George Courthope, of Whiligh,
in the county of Sussex, Knt. he left issue two sons, Francis and
George j and a daughter, Jane, wife of Thomas Methwold, of
Hale-house, in the county of Middlesex, Esq. The mother of
these children died May 6th, 1681, and is buried at Lingfield, in
Surrey, where a monument is erected to her mtniory.

fc MS. Coll. de Pari, penes Brown Willis Arm.

1 Funeral Certificates, I. 16, fo). 101. in Coll. Arm.

k Cole's Esc. lib. 5. n. 61. A. 16. p. 391. in Bibl. Harl.

I St. George's visitation of Cambridgeshire, pedigree of Gouldwell, in Coll. Arm,

m MS. ColL de Pari, penes Brown Willes Arm.

» Philpot's Catt of Knights, p. 6. 0 Ibid. p. 30,

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 27&

Francis, his son and heir, on the death of Charles Earl of Not-
tingham, succeeded to the title of Lord Howard of Effingham.

George, second son, married Anne, daughter of Kidder,

of Lewes, in Sussex, Esq. had issue three sons ; Henry, Charles,
and Thomas; and two daughters, Mary and Frances ; whereof
only Thomas survived, which Thomas was seated at Bookham, in
Surrey. He served all the Spanish war, in the time of Queen
Anne, with great reputation ; was taken prisoner at the unfortu-
nate battle of Almanza, March 13th, 1/07, N. S. and detained
two years in France At the end of the same reign, when he was
Lieutenant-colonel, he w s dismissed the service for his steady
adherence to the cause of the present royal family, and our happy
constitution. Upon the accession of 'George I. he purchased a
regiment of foot in Ireland, and was preferred by his late Majesty
to the regiment of Buffs, upon the English establishment. On
December 18th, 1735, he was appointed Brigadier general of bis
Majesty's forces, and one of his Majesty's Aids de Carop> also on
July 17th, 1739, promoted to the rank of a Major-general. On
October 12th, 1742, he was appointed Governor of Berwick upon
Twcedj and February. 25th, 1742-3, constituted lieutenant-
general of his Majesty's forces. He died, March 31st, 1753, at
his house in Saville-street, and this character was given of him^
on his decease : * As a Christian, he was most devout and re-
signed } as an officer, he was most brave and experienced : as a
husband, most affectionate} as a parent, most kind and indul-
gent} as a man, most punctual and just in ail his transactions}
being truly possessed of every social virtue.' He married Mary,
only daughter of Dr. Morton, Bishop of Meath, in Ireland, who
died 5th February, 1782, at her house in Saville row ; and by
whom he had four sons and five daughters. Whereof

Sir George Howard, of Great Bookham, arrived at the rank of
Major-General, January 16th, 1758} Lieutenant-General, De-
cember 9th, 176O} General, September 6th, 1777? aDd Field-
Marshal, October 12th, 1793. In 1749, he was appointed to the
command of his father's Regiment, the third Foot } whence he ob-
tained, May 13th, 1763, the seventh Regiment of Dragoons} and
thence on April 25th, 1779> the first Regiment of Dragoon
Guards. He was Governor of Chelsea Hospital; Member of Par-
liament for Stamford, in Lincolnshire, K,night of the Bath, and.
LL.D. He died July 16th, 1796.

He first married Lady Lucy Wentworth, sister to William Earl
Strafford, by whom he had a son, William, and a daughter, Lucy

280 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

that died young ; and a daughter, Anne, born 24th February,
1/54, married April 20th, 1780, to Major-general Richard Vyse.
His first wife died April 27th, 1771, and he was remarried on
May 22d, 17/6, to Elizabeth, relict of Thomas second Earl of
Effingham.

Henry/ his brother, with Mary, married to Francis Vincent,
Esq. eldest son and heir of Sir Henry Vincent, of Stoke Daber-
non, in Surrey, Bart. 8 and Catharine, were all who survived to
maturity.

Francis, who succeeded as fifth Lord Howard of Ef-
fingham, as beforementioned, was governor of Virginia in the
reign of Charles TJ. and departed this life on March 30th, 1694.
His Lordship married Philadelphia, daughter of Sir Thomas Pel-
ham, Bart, great grandfather of Thomas Duke of Newcastle \
and by her, who died at Virginia August 13th, 1685, aged thirty-
one/ he had issue three sons.

1. Charles, who died in the eighteenth year of his age, April
Jlth, l6(j4.s

2. Thomas, Lord Howard of Effingham.
And, 3. Francis, first Earl of Effingham,

Also three daughters ; Philadelphia, who died August 5th, 16Q4,
aged sixteen jl Margaret-Frances, who died May 15th, 1685 ;u
and Elizabeth, married to William Roberts, of Willesden, in the
county of Middlesex, Esq.: and, secondly, to William Hutcheson,
Esq.

The said Francis Lord Howard, wedded to his second wife,
Susan, daughter of Sir Henry Felton, of Playford; in the county
of Suffolk, Bart, and widow of Thomas Herbert, Esq. but by her
had no issue.

Thomas, his eldest surviving son, succeeding him in honour
and estate, as sixth Lord Howard of Effingham, was, in the
reign of Queen Anne, one of the Gentlemen of the Bedchamber
to George Prince of Denmark. He married, first, Mary, daugh-
ter and heir of Ruishe Wentworth, Esq. son and heir of Sir
George Wentworth, a younger brother to Thomas Earl of Straf-
ford, by whom he had issue two daughters j Anne, who, on Sep-

P Qu. If still living ? I presume he was father of Colonel K. A. Howard, of
the Coldstream Regiment ef Foot Guards. — I think the late Field- Marshal, Stud-
holme Hodgson, who died October 20, 1797* aged 90, married one of this family.
S She died in August 1757. Univ. Mag.
* Inscript. Tumuli apud Lingfield. s Ibid. * Ibid.

« Ibid.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 281

tember 14th, 1729, was married to Sir William Yonge,x of Es-
cote, in Devonshire, Knight of the Bath, and Baronet, whose
widow she died in 17/5 ; and Mary, who, on June 21st, 1733,
was married to George-Venables Vernon, of Sudbury, in Derby-
shire, Esq. created Lord Vernon May 1st, 1762.

His Lordship had to his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter of
John Rotheram, of Much Waltham, in the county of Essex, Esq.
and widow of Sir Theophilus Napier, of Luton-Hoo, in the
county of Bedford, Bart, but by her (who was afterwards wife of
Sir Conyers D'Arcy, Knight of the Bath), had no children. And
departing this life, without issue male, at Spa, in Germany, July
10th, 1725, was buried at Lingfield, and the barony devolved on
his brother and heir,

Francis, seventh Lord Howard, and first Earl of Ef-
fingham, was, on July 14th, 1731, appointed Lieutenant-Colo-
nel ot the Horse Grenadier-Guards :• and on July 22d, next year,
was constituted Colonel of the 20th Regiment of Foot. In 1731,
he was constituted Deputy Earl-Marshal of England. And, in
consideration of his great merit and abilities, created an Earl of
Great Britain, by the style and title>of Earl of Effingham, by
letters-patent dated December 8tb~ 1731. In June 1737, his
Lordship was appointed Colonel jw the second troop of Horse
Grenadier Guards; and on July 17P> 1739, promoted to the rank
of a Brigadier-General 5 also, December 22d, 1749, appointed
Captain and Colonel of the fourth troop of Horse Guards.

His Lordship married, first, Diana, daughter of Major- General
O'Farrel, of the kingdom of Ireland, by whom he had Thomas,
second Earl of Effingham.

And in July 1728, wedded, secondly, Anne, sister of Robert
Bristow, Esq. one of the Commissioners of his Majesty's Board of
Greencloth; and by her, who died at her house in George- street,
Hanover Square, November 5th, 1J74, had a son, George, that
died young. And his Lordship deceasing February 12th, \742-3t
was buried on the 18th following, at Great Bookham, in Surrey j
to whom succeeded in his honours and estates his only surviving
son and heir, t

Thomas, second Earl of Effingham, who on the decease
of his father, was, April 16th, 1743, appointed Deputy Earl-
Marshal of England. On April 11th, 1743, he was promoted to
be first Lieutenant and Lieu tenant- Colonel of the second troop of

x A wit and politician; father, by her, of the present Sir George.

282 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Horse Guards; also, on August 20th, 1/4Q, appointed one -of his
Majesty's Aids de Camp ; on December 2d, 1754, he was pre-
ferred to the command of the 34th Regiment of Foot. In Ja-
nuary, 17^8, his Lordship was promoted to the rank of Major-
General, and to that of Lieutenant-General, on December 8th,
17*50; having been appointed to the command of the first troop
of Horse Grenadier Guards, the preceding month.

His Lordship married, on February 14th, 1744-5, Elizabeth,
daughter of Peter Beckford, of the Island of Jamaica, Esq. who
was grandson of Sir Thomas Beckford, Knt. and Alderman of
the city of London, and by her (who was one of the Ladies of
the Bedchamber to the Queen, and re-married, .177*5, to Sir
George Howard, Knight of the Bath, and died October 12th,
1791), he left surviving issue, two sons;

1. Thomas, third Earl of Effingham.

2. Richard Howard, fourth Earl.

And four daughters; 1. Lady Elizabeth, born November 10th,
1750, married to the late Rev. Henry Reginald Courtenay, LL.D.
Bishop of Exeter, &c. 2. Lady Anne, born May 4th, 1752, mar-
ried to Thomas Carleton, Esq. Lieutenant-Colonel of the 29th
Regiment of Foot, who died in Canada, 1787* 3 Lady Maria,
born August 31st, 1763, married to Guy Carleton, Lord Dor-
chester, who died 1808. And, 4. Lady Frances -Herring, born
May 22d, 1755, died June 16th, 1 796. His Lordship died No-
vember 19th, 1763, and was buried in the family vault, at Book-
bam, in Surrey ; being succeeded by his eldest son,

Thomas, third Earl of Effingham, born January 13th,
1746-7, and married, in October 14th, 1765, to Catherine,
daughter of Metealfe Proctor, of Thorpe, near Leeds, in York-
shire, Esq. His Lordship was deputy Earl Marshal of Eng-
land. He was in April, 1782, appointed Treasurer of his Ma-
jesty's Household, in the room of the Earl of Salisbury; and in
February 1784, Master of the Mint. He was afterwards ap-
pointed Governor of Jamaica ; in which appointment he died,
November 15th, 1791, without issue. His Countess having died
on the 15th of the preceding month.

He was succeeded by his brother, Richard, fourth and pre-
sent Earl, who was born February 21st, 1/48, and is Secretary
and Comptroller to the Queen. He married, June 14th, 1785,
Miss March, daughter of John March, Esq. of Waresley Park*
Huntingdonshire ; but has no issue.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM. 283

Titles. Thomas Howard, Earl of Effingham, and Lord How-
ard of Effingham.

Creations. Baron Howard, of Effingham, in the county of
Surrey, by letters patent, dated March 11th, 1553-4, 1st Maryj
and Earl of Effingham, December 8th, 1731, 5 Geo. II.

Arms and Crest. The same as the Duke of Norfolk's, a mullet
for difference.

Supporters. Two lions, Argent, each charged on the shoulder
with a mullet Sable.

Motto. Virtus mille scuta.

Chief Seat. At the Holmes, near Rotherham, in Yorkshire.

284

PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

STANHOPE EARL OF HARRINGTON.

In the account of the Earls of Chesterfield, is mentioned the
second marriage of Sir John Stanhope, of Shelford, and that his
eldest son, by that marriage, was,

Sir John Stanhope, of Elvaston* knighted by James I. at
Whitehall, on June 4th, 1(507, and in the 18th byear of that
King, elected one of the Knights for the county of Derby ; as
also, in the first Parliament called by Charles I. and who served
for the c town of Leicester, in the third year of that reign. d In
the fifth year of that King, he was Sheriff of Derbyshire} and
departed this life on May 29th, 1638. The inscription on a
marble monument in the church at Elvaston (where his figure
lies in full proportion), gives an account of his marriages and
children. By his first wife, Olive, daughter and heir of Edward
Berrisford, of Berrisford, in Staffordshire, Esquire, he had only a
daughter, wedded to Charles Cotton, Esq.e

By Mary, his second wife, who was daughter of Sir John Rad-
clyflfe, of Ordsal, in Lancashire, Knight, and erected the before-
mentioned monument, he had John, Thomas, and Frances, who
all died infants; another John, his successor ;

2. Cromwell.

3. Radclyffe.

4. Byron. 5. Alexander. And Elizabeth, and Anne, who
survived him.

Of the four sons and two daughters last-mentioned, Anne was

* Philpot's Cat. of Knights. b Willis's Not. Pari. Vol. II. p.

c lb. MS. * Fuller's Worthies in com. Derb.

e The father of Charles Cotton, the Poet, of Beresford, co. Staff.

122.

EARL OF HARRINGTON. 285

married to Sir Thomas Ellis, of Nocton, in the county of Lincoln,
Knt. j and Radclyff, Cromwell, Byron, and Alexander, had no
children.

John, his said heir and successor, was, at the death of his fa-
ther/ nine years of age, on October 11th, 1637, as the inquisi-
tion, post mortem, shews. He took to wife, Jane, daughter of
Sir John Curzon, of Kedleston, in the county of Derby, Knt. and
Bart. And departing this life on March 26th, 1 662, was buried
at Elvaston, near his Lady, who deceased on April 14th, 1652.

John, his only son, married Dorothy, daughter and coheir of
Charles Agard, of Foston, in the county of Derby, Esq. by whom
he had issue,

1. John, who died young.

2. Thomas.

3. Charles. And,

4. William, created Earl of Harrington.

Thomas Stanhope, of Elvaston, Esq. his eldest surviving son,
married Jane, one of the daughters and coheirs of Gilbert Thac-
ker, of Repton priory, in the county of Derby, Esq. and relict of
Charles Stanhope (second son of Philip Earl of Chesterfield), who
took the surname of Wotton. He was chosen for the town of
Derby, in the first parliament called by Queen Annej and dying
without issue, April 10th, 1730, was succeeded in his estate by
Charles Stanhope, Esq. his brother and heir. His relict deceased
on December 4th, 1744.

Which Charles Stanhope, of Elvaston, Esq. was Secretary to
the Treasury js and March 10th, 1 72 1-2, appointed Treasurer of
the Chamber, in which he continued till the death of his Majesty
George I. and served in every parliament from 1714, inclusive,
until he died a bachelor, March 17th, 1760, aged eighty-
seven.

William, first Earl, the youngest son, after a learned and
polite education, embraced the profession of arms, and had a com-
pany in the third Regiment of Foot Guards j and, in 1710, was
appointed Colonel of a Regiment of Foot. In 17^7, he began
his diplomatic career, as envoy to Spain. Coxe, in his Memoirs
of Sir Robert Walpole> has given the following full account of
him: " In May, 1721, he served as a volunteer in the French
army, commanded by Marshal Berwick, which laid siege to Fon-

f Cole's Esc. in Bibl. Harley.
i He wag much talked of in Walpole's administration for his concern ia the
South Sea business. See Cexi $ Memoirs of Jfalpole.

286 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

tarabia During the war, he concerted a plan for the destruction
of three Spanish sinus of the line, and a great quantity of naval
stores, in the port of St. Andero, in the Bay of Biscay ; an English
iquadron effected that enterprize; he himself contributed to the
execurion, by accompanying a detachment of troops, which Ber-
wick sent at his solicitaiion, and was the first that leaped into the
v rer, when the boats approached the shore. On the peace with
Spairt, he was constituted Brigadier-general; and returned to
Madrid in the same character as before. During his residence at
that court, he was witness to many extraordinary events, which he
has ably detailed in his dispatches. The abdication of Philip V.
the succession and death of Louis, the resumption of the crown
by Philip, the return of the Spanish Infanta, the separation o(
Spain from France, the union with the House of Austria, and
the rise and fall of Ripperda. He manifested great firmness and
discretion, when that minister was forcibly ta4cen from his house ;
and his conduct on this occasion, principally impressed the King
and tfte Ministers, with a deep sense of his diplomatic talents ;
and contributed to his future elevation. On the rupture with
Spain, which commenced with the siege of Gibraltar, he returned
to England, and was appointed Vice Chamberlain to the King ;
and soon afterwards nominated, in conjunction with Horace Wal-
pole and Stephen Poyntz, plenipotentiaries at the congress of
Soissons : he had now two great objects in view, a Peerage, and
the office of Secretary of State. But he had to struggle as well
against the ill will of the King, who was highly displeased with
his brother, Charles Stanhope, as against the prejudices of Sir Ro-
bert Walpole, who, deeply impressed with a recollectien of the
conduct of Earl Stanhope, at Hanover, had taken an aversion to
the very name. It required all the influence of the Duke of
Newcastle, and the friendship of Horace Walpole, to surmount
these obstructions ; which were not removed, till he had gained
an accession to his diplomatic character, by repairing to Spain,
and concluding the treaty of Seville. His merits, in that delicate
negociation, extorted the peerage from the King 'by the title of
Lord Harrington, in the county of Northampton, on Novem-
ber 9th, 1729), and, on the resignation of Lord Townshend, he
was nominated Secretary of State. In that office, his knowledge
of foreign affairs, his application to business, his attention to di-
plomatic forms, the solemnity of his deportment, the precision of
his dispatches, and his propensity to the adoption of vigorous
measures against France, on the death of Augustus the Second,

EARL OF HARRINGTON. 287

rendered him highly acceptable to the King. Having offended
Queen Caroline, by affecting to set up an interest independent of
her, he would have been removed, had not his prudence and cau-
tion again conciliated her favour. He never cordially coalesced
with Sir Robert Wal pole; and akhough he almost uniformly acted
in subservience to his views, he looked up to the Duke of New-
castle, as his patron and friend, and gave many instances in which
he sacrificed his own interests, even in opposition • to the com-
mands of the King, to gratitude and friendship. He was a man
of strong sense and moderation ; of high honour and disinterested
integrity j and so tenacious of his word, that Philip of Spain said
of him, '- Stanhope is the only foreign minister, who never de-
ceived me.' He was of a mild and even temper ; and had con-
tracted, by Jong habit, so much patience and phlegm, that he was
characterised by the Portuguese minister, Don Arevedo, as c not
being accustomed to interrupt those who spoke to him.' A con-
temporary historian has also farther described him, as one whose
moderation, good sense, and integrity, were such, that he was
not considered as a party man, and had few or no personal ene-
mies. Although he never spoke in the House of Peers, yet he
was highly useful in recommending to the cabinet the most pru-
dent methods of attack, or defence, and in suggesting hints to
those who were endowed with the gift of tongue. On the change
of ministry, 1/42, he was appointed Lord President of the Coun-
cil ; and, on February 9th, 1742, created discount Petersham,
and Earl of Harrington. In 1744, he was again appointed
Secretary of State, and in 1746, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

On September 5th, 1747> his Lordship set out for Ireland, and
arrived at Dublin, on September 13th, accompanied by several
persons of distinction. He was met at the water-side by the Earl
of Granard, and Lord Tullamore, who proceeded with him in the
Lord Primate's coach, with the usual state, to the castle, where
he was sworn Lord Lieutenant of Ireland by the Privy-Council,
and received the compliments of the nobility, &c.

On the 6th of next month, his Excellency opened the Session
of Parliament with a speech from the throne; and having passed
the public and private bills, concluded it with another on April
9th, 1748; after which he embarked for England, and arriving
at his house in St. James's, April 25th, 1748, waited on his Ma-
jesty the next day, and was very graciously received.

His Lordship landing. again at Dublin, September 26th, 1749,

288 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

resumed the government of Ireland ; and on April 5th, 1750, was
again appointed one of the Lords Justices during his Majesty's
being abroad. And in 1751, the Duke of Dorset succeeded his
Lordship as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

His Lordship married Anne, daughter and heir of Colonel
Edward Griffith, one of the Clerks Comptrollers of the Green-
cloth (by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Dr. Thomas Lawrence^
first Physician to Queen Anne), and by her had two sons j Wil-
liam, second Earl of Harrington, and Thomas, twins, born on
December 18th, 1719} but their mother died in child-bed, and
his Lordship remained a widower till his death, December 8th,
175(5.

Thomas, the youngest son, in August "]"741, had a commission
of Captain in Honeywood's Regiment of Dragoons > and going
over sea, died in February 1742-3.

William, second Earl of FIarrington, was elected, in
1741, one of the members for Ailesburyj and served for Bury
St. Edmunds, in the two following Parliaments, till his succession
to the peerage. His Lordship taking to a military life, served the
campaign in 1745, as Captain of a company in the first Regiment
of Foot Guards, and by his commission had the rank of Lieute-
nant-Colonel. Having behaved with great gallantry at the battle
of Fontenoy, May 11th, 1745, his Majesty, on June 15th, that
year, was pleased to constitute him Captain and Colonel of his
second Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards j and, in 1748, to ap-
point him Customer and Collector in the port of Dublin. On
February 24th, 1755, his Lordship was constituted Major-Gene-
ral ; promoted to that of Lieutenant-General, on January 28th,
17585 and to that of General, on April 30th, 17/0.

His Lordship, on August 11th, 1746, was married to the Lady
Caroline Fitz-Roy, eldest daughter of his Grace, Charles Duke of
Grafton, by whom he had issue,

1. Lady Caroline, born March 11th, 1 746-7, married October
7th, 1765, to Kenneth Mackenzie, Viscount Fortrose, of the
kingdom of Ireland, and died February 9th, 1767, °f a consump-
tion which she laboured under for near two years. Her intellects

h Great grandfather of Sir Soulden Lawrence, a Judge C. P. and of Elizabeth,
widow of George Gipps, Esq. late Member of Parliament for Canterbury. He
was also ancestor of Miss Lawrence, of Studley, in Yorkshire, who has succeeded,
through her mother, to the great fortune of the Aislabies. Colonel Griffith's
widow afterwards married Lord Mohun, well known for his fatal contest with
Duke Hamilton. See Gent. Mag. lvii. p. 191.

EARL OF HARRINGTON. 289

were good, her person beautiful, and accomplishments suitable
to her high birth, and endowed with an uncommon goodness of
heart.

2. Lady Isabella, born April 4th, 1748, married November
27th, 1768, to the late Richard Molyneux, Earl of Sefton.

3. Lady Emilia, born May 24th, 1749, married April 16th,
1767, to Richard Earl of Barrymore (mother of the late and pre-
sent Earls of Birrymorej of Augustus; and of Lady Caroline,
married to Count Melfort, a descendant of the Earl of Middleton);
and died in September 178O.

4. Lady Henrietta, born October 26th, 1750, married March
15th, 1776, to Thomas, second Lord Foley.1

5. Charles, third Earl.

6. Henry Fitz-Roy, baptized, June 26th, 1754; formerly in
the army. Married Miss Falconer, and has issue.

7. Lady Anna-Maria, born April 5th, 1760, married by special
licence at her mother'shouse, in Curzon Street, 2d May, 1782,
to Thomas Earl of Lincoln, afterwards Duke of Newcastle; by
whom she had is^ue the present Duke, &:c. She married, second-
ly. Colonel Craufurd, brother to Sir James Craufurd, Bart.

His Lordship died April 1st, 1779> and was succeeded by
Charles, the third and present Earl of Harrington, born
March 20ih, 1753, who married, May 22d, 1779, Jane, daughter
and coheir k of the late Sir Michael Fleming, of Brompton, in
Middlesex, Bart, by whom he has is.->ue,

1. Charles, Viscount Petersham, born April 178I, Lieutenant-
Colonel of the third YWst-India Regiment.

2. Lincoln -Edward-Robert, born 1782, Major of the lfjth Light
Dragoons.

3. Anna-Maria, born September 3d, 1783, married, 1808, the
Marquis of Tavistock.1

4. Leicester, born 1784, Captain Sixth Regiment of Dragoon
Guards.

5. Fitz-Roy, born 1788, Lieutenant First Regiment of Foot
Guards.

6. Francis, born 1789, Captain 11th Regiment of Foot.

7. Henry, born 1790.

I Mother of the present Lord Foley.

k Her mother remarried the late Loid Harewood j her sister married Sir Ri-
chard Worsley.

1 See a beautiful figure of her as a frontispiece to the Collection of Poems,
entitled The Lyre of Love.

vol. iv. u

290 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

8. Caroline, born 1791 .

p. Charlotte-Augusta, born 1792.

10. Augustus, born l7£H.m

His Lordship is a Privy Counsellor, General in the Array, and
Colonel of the first Regiment of Life Guards. He is also Com-
mander in Chief in Ireland.

Titles. Charles Stanhope, Earl of Harrington, Viscount Pe-
tersham, and Lord Harrington.

Creations. Baron of Harrington, im com. Northampt, by let-
ters patent, November 20th, 1729, 2 Geo. II. ; Viscount Peter-
sham, and Earl of Harrington, February 9th, 1741-2, 15 Geo. II.

Arms. Quarterly, Ermine and Gules, a crescent on a crescent
for difference.

Crest. On a wreath, a tower, Azure, with a demi-lion ram-
pant issuing from the battlements, Or, holding between his paws
a grenade firing, proper.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a talbot guardant Argent, gutte
de poix. On the sinister, a wolf erminois, each supporter gorged
with a garland or chaplet of oak, Vert, fructed, Or.

Motto. A Deo et Rege.

Chief Seats. At Elvaston, co. Derby ; and at Gawsworth, in
com. Pal. Cest.

m The Hon. Major Charles Stanhope of the 50th Regiment, who fell gloriously
at the battle of Corunna, January 16th, 1809, was second son of Earl Stanhope.
Set itftre.

WALLOP EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 2£i

WALLOP EARL OF PORTSMOUTH.

At the time of the conquest, four brothers, Englishmen/ are
mentioned, inDomesday-book, to be possessors of Wallop in Hamp-
shire. And Camden, in his description of that county, makes
this mention of the place, and of the family :b The Test having
taken into it a little river- from Wallop, or more truly Well-hop,
that is, ly interpretation out of our forefathers language, a pretty
well in the side of an hill, whereof that right worshipful family of
Wallops, of Knights degree, dwelling hard by, took name. In 12
Henry II. William de Wallop c held one Knight's fee in Wilt-
shire, of Humphery de Bohunj and in the reign of Henry III.
Geiard de Wallop, held d one Knight's fee in Wallop de veteri
Feoffamento, viz. whereof his ancestor had been enfeoffed in the
time of Henry I.

Nicholas Charles, Lancaster Herald in the reign of James I.
who was an industrious and careful officer, and Augustine Vin-
cent, Windsor Herald, a laborious antiquary, his cotemporary,
have both left pedigrees of this family among their collections.

The first taken notice of by Vincent,e is Walter de Wallop,
alias Wclhop $ but f Matthew de Wallop is at the head of the pe-
digree drawn by Nicholas Charles.

This Matthew de Wallop, on April 27th, 1203,8 obtained a
grant to him, and his heirs for ever, of the custody of the house,
castle and gaol of Winchester, with the lands of Wodecote, and

a Jus Anglorum ab Antiquo, p. 82. »' Britan. first Eng. edit. p. 262.

c Lib. Nig. in Scacc. Wilts. d Teste de Nevill Hants in Scacc,

e MS. in Offic. Arm. No. 130, p. 136.
f MS. Sub. Man. Nich. Charles, penes Com. d« Egmont.
S Cart. 5 Joh. m. 7.

2(j2 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

one hide of land in Andover, with the appurtenances, and all
other customs and privileges thereunto belonging. In Q John,
the Kingh grants to Matthew de Wallop, his servant, 208 acres
of land in Wallop, which was Stephen de Bendenges.

In 16 John, the King orders him to deliver 'Nicholas de He-
vill (who was in his custody at Winchester), to Robert de Gaugy.
And in 6 Henry III.k the Sheriff of the county of Southampton
had command to deliver to Matthew de Wallop, those lands which
were in the King's hands in Wallop. He had issue,

John1 de Wallop, possessor of Wallop, ami 1228.

In 8 Edward I. the King grants'11 and confirms to his beloved
and faithful John de Wallop, three carucates and a half of land
in Ballihaulis, and one carucate and a half of land in Balliotyre,
to him and his heirs for ever, in satisfaction of Triginta Librata-
rum Terra;, which he had granted him for his services, to hold of
the King and his successors, by the service of one Knight's fee.
As he had this grant of lands in Ireland, it is probable he served
in that kingdom : for our historians relate,11 that the Irish rebel-
led, and were every where troublesome at the latter end of the
reign of Henry til. and in the beginning of Edward I.

The said John de Wallop left issue, by ° Mabel his wife, two
sons, Richard, who died without issue, and

Sir Robert de Wallop, who, in 51 Henry III. was of such
eminency, that he was appointed, with Gilbert de Clare, Earl of
Gloucester, Humphrey, Earl of Hereford, and other great men, to
'? provide [as are the words of the statute], for the good state of
the land, and namely, for certayn persons dysherited, havynge
thereunto full power of our said Lord the Kynge, and the other
Barons and Councellours, accordynge to the fourme wrytten and
confyrmed in the letters general and specyal of the sayd Kinge,
and the other aforenamed wyllinge to procede accordinge to the
path of equytie, by the assent of the reverend father Othobone,
deacon, cardynall of sancte Adrian, and legate of the Apostolique
See, and the nobleman H. of Almine [eldest^on of Richard, King
of Almain], havynge like power and auctoritie, &c."

The award they made, consisting of forty- three articles, be-
tween the King and the Commons, was proclaimed in the castle

. h Claus. 9 Joh. m. 4. » Pat. 15 Joh. m. 11.

k Claus. 6 Hen. III. m. 18. l Ex Stemnoate perNic. Charles.

»' Cart. 8 Edw. I. n. 84. " Cox's Hist, of Ireland, p. 71.

o Nicb. Charles praed.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 293

of Kenilworth, the day before the calends of November, 1266,
51 Henry III.*

This Sir Robert de Wallop died in li Edward I. ^ leaving an
only daughter and heir, Alice, the wife of Peter de Barton, Lord
of West Barton, in the county of Southampton, who had issue by
her,

William de Barton, his son and heir, found rgrandson and
heir of the said Sir Robert Wallop, in 1 i Edward I. and was dead
16 Edward I. for then Richard his son and heir (who assumed
the name of Wallop), was in ward to Joan his relict, who was
daughter and heir of Herbert Denmede, by Alice his wife, daugh-
ter of Richard Breton, who was thirty years of age at the death
of his father William Breton, who died in 21 Edward I. And
the said Richard Breton leaving issue William, and he John, who
died in 17 Richard II. leaving Alice, his only daughter and heir,
married to Walter Hacket, of the county of Southampton, and
dying without is- sue by him, the said Joan (wife and relict of
William de Barton), was heir to the family of Breton, as Den-
mede.

This Joan was, secondly, s wife of Robert Stratfield 5 but I do
not find she had any other issue than Richard, her son before-
mentioned, who took the name of Wallop from his grand-
mother.

Which Richard de Wallop was returned t one of the Knights
for the county of Southampton, to the Parliament held in 2 Ed-
ward III. at Salisbury 5 and uit is observable, this Parliament did
not meet above sixteen days ; and the Knights for the county of
Southampton, are not mentioned among the writs for their ex-
penses : which Mr. Prynn attributes to the clerk's neglecting to
enrol them.

In 3 Edward III. he, and John de Grymstede, were returned
for the said county ,x and had their expenses allowed; first in the
Parliament held at Salisbury, and from thence adjourned to West-
minster, where they sat only eleven days, from the 10th to the
22d of February. His wife was Alice, daughter of Sir John Husee,
of Beechworth castle, in com. Surrey, Knt. sister and heir to Ro-
ger Husee, her brother, according to Mr. Charles ; but Mr. Vin-
cent mentions her to be daughter of Roger Husee, who had

P Stat, s 1 H. III. q Charles and Vincent, prsed.

r Ibid. s ibid. t Prynn's Brevia Pari. Vol. I. p. 80.

u Ibid. Vol. IV. p. 87, 88, 89.

x Prynn's Brevia Pari, Vol. I. p. 102, 103.

2p4 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

summons to Parliament among the Barons in the reign of Ed-
ward III. and without doubt, Sir John Husee, the father of the
said Roger, was of the same stock, with others of the name, who
were also Barons, and descended from Geffrey de Husee> in the
reign of King Stephen. The issue of the said Richard and Alice
de Wallop were, three sonsj Thomas, John, and Richard.

John Wallop was one of the members y for Wilton in the Par-
liament of 21 and 22 Edward III.

Of Richard Wallop, I find that in 1405, hez was in such
esteem with William of Wickam, Bishop of Winchester, and
Lord Chancellor, that he left him a legacy in his last will and
testament. In 1 Henry V. he was aone of the Justices of the
quorum, in the county of Southampton j and oneb of the Justices
of the gaol-delivery at Winchester. And in 2 Henry V.c with
five of the greatest note in the county of Southampton, were com-
missioners to inquire into the sect of the Lollards, and other con-
venticlers in that county, acting contrary to the faith of the Ca-
tholic church. In g Henry V. he and Sir Richard Brocas d were
returned Knights for the county of Southampton, to the parlia-
ment then held, Milites Gladiis Cincti, as the indenture specifies -,
which shews he was knighted before that year.

Thomas Wallop, the eldest son, married e in 16 Edward III.
Margaret, daughter of Wellington. He died on No-
vember 27th, 35 Edward III. seised of the manors f of Soberton,
Wilberton, Over-Wallop, and Nether-Wallop, in com. South-
ampton, leaving John, his son and heir, of the age of eight
years.

Which John was one of sthe members for Salisbury, in the
Parliament held in 2 Henry IV. and died h 1 6 Henry VI. He
had issue by Avice his wife, daughter of John Buch,

Thomas Wallop, his heir, who was one i of the Knights for
the county of Southampton, in 2 Henry V. and by marriage
with k Margaret, daughter and coheir of Nicholas Valoynes,
Lord of Farley, and Clidesden, in com. Southamp. had issue four
sons.

John, his eldest son* succeeded his grandfather, and was also

7 Prynn, Vol. IV. p. 1166. * ExRegist. Arundel, p. 219. inf. Lamb.

a Pat. 1 Hen. V. p. I. b ibid. p. 2. m. 36.

« Pat. 2 Hen. V. p. 1. <* Prynn, Vol. I. p. 128.

« Nic. Charles, praed. f Esc. 36 Edw. III. p. 3. n. 76.

8 Prynn, Vol. IV. 1019. b Charles, praed.

I Prynn, Vol. I. p. 81. k Visitation of Hampshire.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 295

possessed of the manors of Farley, and Clidesden, the estate of
the Valoynes, as heir to his mother. The manor house of Farley
was a noble large structure, and the seat of * Sir William de Va-
loynes (in the reign of Henry III.) who had issue John de Va-
loynes, and he another John, the father of Nicholas, who left
issue Margaret, bis daughter and heir beforementioned.

John Wallop being possessed of the manor-house of Farley,
made it his chief residence, as it was of his descendants, till it
was burnt in 1667 ; and was rebuilt in 1733, by John, first Earl
of Portsmouth. This John Wallop was Sheriff of the county of
Southampton in 33 Henry VI.m as also in the 1st year of Ed-
ward IV. And in the 12th year of that Kingnwas chosen with
Sir Maurice Berkley, Knights for the said county, in the parlia-
ment then held. He was buried in the chancel of the church of
Farley,0 where there is yet remaining a tomb erected to his me-
mory, covered with black marble, exhibiting the figures of a
gentleman and his wife in the habit of the times, engraved on
brass, with labels proceeding out of their mouths. But the in-
scription, and all the brass plates, were taken away in the time of
the civil war, when the house of Farley was made a garrison for
the parliament. And the church of Farley being in a very ruinous
condition, was rebuilt by the said Earl of Portsmouth. The said
John Wallop, Esq. had to wife Joan/ daughter of Richard Holte,
of Colrythe, in com. Southamp. Esq. by whom he had issue three
sons ;^ Richard, Robert, and Stephen; also two r daughters;
Margery, wife of .John Kirby, of Stanbridgej and Margaret, of
John Vaux, of Odyamj both in the county of Southampton,
Esquires.

Richakd Wallop, Esq. the eldest son, was SherifFs of the
county of Southampton, in 1/ Henry VII. and the same year wai
one of the principal gentlemen of that county $ certified to the
King, to have estate sufficient to be one of the Knighti of the
Bath, which were to be made at the marriage of Prince Arthur,
the King's eldest son 3 but he had not that honour conferred on
him, dying about that time, as should seem by the will of Eliza-
beth his wife," who was daughter and coheir of — Hampton*
of Old Stoke, in com. Southamp. Esq.

1 Vincent and Charles. m Fuller's Worthies in eod. Com. p. 14.

u Prynn, Vol. I. p. 128. • Ex Regist. Hogen, qu. 35.

P Vincent and Charles. 9 Ibid. r Ibid.

• Fuller, p. 15. t MS. Not. B. 5. in Bibl. Joh. Anitis, Arm.

u Vincent.

2p<5 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The said Elizabeth, by her last will and testament, bearing date
September 10th, 1505,x oidrrs her body to be buried in the pa-
rish church of Farley, near the sepulchre of Richard Wallop, Esq.
her late husband. She bequeathed, to the maintaining the lights
and othrr ornaments in the churches of Farley and Old Stoke,
such money as should arise by the sale of one hundred sheep;
and was a benefactress to the churches of St. Michael Basingstoke,
Over- Wallop, and several other churches; and bequeaths a legacy
to Gyles, son of Stephen Wallop, to provide for his being brought
up a priest. /

To the said Richard Wallop, Esq, succeeded,

Robert, his next brother and heir, who was afterwards
knighted, and was Sheriff of the county of • Southampton, in the
1st, 7th, and 15th of Henry VII. In 5 H nry VIII,Z was nomi-
nated, by Act of Parliament, as one of the most discreet persons,
Justices of the peace (as the words of the act are), for assessing
and collecting a subsidy of 163 0001 by a Poil-Tax. He made
his will on August 22d, 152Q; but he did not die till six years
after, as should seem by the probate thereof, which bears date
June l6th, 1535.

a He thereby ordered his body to be buried in the church of
Farley, within the chancel, next to his father's tomb; and be-
queathed to the mother church of St. Swithin's, 10s.; and 20s.
more, because he was a brother of the chapter-house there. And
according to the custom of the times, left legacies to several
churches, and the issues and profits of his manor of Cliddesden, to
charitable uses, for the space of twenty years, having for that end
(as declared in his will), settled it in feoffees, by deed, bearing
date April 7th, lolQ.

The residue of the profits of the said manor of Cliddesden, he
bequeaths to Rose his wife, or her executors, to dispose of in
deeds of mercy and charity, without any account. He likewise
bequeaths to her all his debts, goods, &c. and makes her sole
executrix, without any overseer. He bequeaths to Oliver Wal-
lop, his nephew, and his heirs, all his lands and tenements in
Andover ; concluding that he wrote his will with his own hand,
and that at his request the Bishop of Durham, John Sackfield,
William Roper, and other persons of note, subscribed their names
thereto, to prevent disputes.

x Ex Regisr. Holgrave, qu. 38. y Fuller, p. 15.

» Rot. Pari. An. 5 & 6 Hen. VIII. Dorso 31.

• Ex Regiit. Hogen, qu. 3$.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 297

This Sir Robert Wallop b leaving no issue, the estate devolved
on his nephew and heir, Sir John Wallop, son and heir of Stephen
Wallop, youngest son of John Wallop last-mentioned.

Which Stephen married c daughter of Hngh Ashley,

of Wymburn St. Giles, in Dorsetshire, the ancestor of Sir An-
thony Ashley, of the same place, whose daughter and heir, Anne,
was wife of Sir John Cooper, father by her of Anthony, the first
earl of Shaftesbury. And from this d marriage proceeded three
sons; Sir John Wallop, beforementioned ; Sir Oliver Wallop,
ancestor to the now Earl of Portsmouth j and e Gyles, a priest.

Sir John Wallop was greatly distinguished for his martial ex-
ploit?, and prudent conduct in several embassies. In the 3d of
Henry VIII. Sir Edward Poynings was sent f with 1500 archers
to the assistance of Margaret, Dutchess of Savoy, Regent of the
Low Countries j and it is probable Sir John Wallop was in that
expedition, and there received the honour of Knighthood ; for he
was not long after on an embassy to the said Regent, and he was
knighted before that time. In 4 Henry VIII. I find him,s by
the title of Sir John Wallop, in that fleet which in the month
of March sailed to Brittany, when Sir Edward Howard, Lord Ad-
miral, resolved to board six gallies of the French under Prior
John, in the harbour of Brest. Sir Edward Howard was attended
by four choice Captains, this h Sir John Wallop being one of
them ; but through an excess of valour, the Admiral lost his life,
Sir John Wallop and the rest escaping very narrowly. In 1513,
he was employed1 on extraordinary dispatches to Margaret,
Dutchess of Savoy, regent of the Low Countries, before the King's
expedition into France, who that year took the castle and city of
Tournay, at which it is probable he assisted.

In 6 Henry VI II. he was Admiral and Commander in chief
of the fleet k sent to encounter Prior John, the French Admiral,
who landed in Sussex, and burnt the town of Brighthelmstone.
But the French getting into their own ports, he sailed to the
coast of Normandy, and there landed and burnt twenty-one vil-
lages and towns, with great slaughter, and also the ships and boats
in the havens of Treaport, Staple, &c. wherein he acquitted him-

b Vincent and Charles. c Ibid. d'lbid.

e Ex Regist. Holgrave. qu.38.
f Herbert's Life of Henry VIII. in Hist, of Engl. Vol. II. p. 7.
8 Stow's Annals, p. 492, and Hall's Chron. p. 226.
* Herbert praed. p. 13. * Strype's Memorials, Vol. I. p. 3, 4.

k Hall's Chron. p. 47.

208 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

self with such conduct and valour, that all our historians have
mentioned this expedition much to his honour.

Hall (who lived at that time), writes,1 That men marvelled at
his enterprises, considering he had at the most but 800 men, and
landed them so ofcen. The Lord Herbert writes,"1 " That Sir
John Wallop burnt divers ships, and one and-twenty villages,
landing many times in despight of the French, which seemed the
more strange, that his soldiers exceeded not 800 men." In 9
Henry VIII. this very honourable mention is made of him in the
history of Portugal. :n " John Wallop, an English gentleman of
worth, afterwards Governor of Calais, came into Portugal, offer-
ing to serve in Africk on his own expense. He served two years
at Tangier honourably, and then returned home; having received
the order of Knighthood of Christ, and other considerable favours,
and continued always a great favourer of the affairs of Portugal."
In 14 Henry VIII. he was °one of the principal commanders of
that fleet and forces which landed in Brittany on July 1st, and
took the town of Morlaix by assault ; and was with those who
first entered the town, where the soldiers had great pillage, and
returned to the Isle of Wight, before the end of that month. He
was also the same year P in that expedition into France under the
Earl of Surrey, who, after several towns and villages, left this Sir
John Wallop,^ one of the chief Captains, worthy of the best praise
(as observed by Hall beforementioned), at St. Omers, with 1000
men, to lie there, and at Guysne, Hammes, and at Mark, where
he did good service by spoiling of towns, taking of prisoners, &c.
In 15 Henry VIII. he was with the Duke of Suffolk at the tak-
ing of Bray, Roy, and Montidier, in France j where the forces
under his command performed such services r by their courage
and activity, that the camp was frequently supplied with horses,
victuals, and other necessaries. As our historians5 write, they
are called Adventurers, all proper men and hardy -, having, as my
author saith,1 little or no wages, but by their manhood and poli-
ticks took great booties, and brought to the army all necessaries.
Jn 16 Henry VJII. he was still in those parts, and with his band

1 Hall's Chron, p. 47. m Hist, of Eng. Vol. II. p. 21.

* Hist, of Portugal by Eman. de Faria y Sousa, translated by J. Stephens,

P- 3H-

0 Hall, p. 100. Hollinshcd. p. 873-4. P Ibid. p. 103.

«! Martin's Hist of K. Henry VIII. p. 396. r Stew's Annals, p.^il.

8 Jbid, and Hoi inshed. t Hall, p. 118.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 299

of men performed extraordinary services against the French/
whom with great valour they defeated in the month of May at
Somer de Boys. Afterwards, this Sir John Wallop, and Sir Wil-
liam Fitz- Williams, Captain of Guysnes, with 1<)00 chosen men,
on Mid-summer day, passed the Low-Country of Picardy unto
the castle of Hardingham, which they assaulted ; and Sir John
Wallop, with his men, entered the ditch, and setting up ladders
to the walls, some climbed up, but were repulsed. And the French
coming up with 2000 horse and 2000 foot, the English, being
weary, retired in good order to their fortresses.

In 18 Henry VIII. the King sent him not only to the x Princes
of Germany, to exhort them to join against the Turks, but also
to y Mary Queen of Hungary, to comfort her for the loss of her
husband; adding withal such a supply of money, as might testify
his zeal to that cause was greater than theirs, who by kindred
and neighbourhood were more concerned therein. The year after
he was with Sigismund King of Poland, to animate him to join
against the Turks; which King,2 in his letter to Thomas Wolsey,
Archbishop of York, styles him the magnificent Sir John Wallop,
great Mareschal of Calais. In 20 Henry VIII. he obtained athe
office of Ranger of the park at Ditton, and Steward of the manor,
for life; and on June 23d, 22 Henry VIII. was b constituted
Lieutenant of the castle of Calais. In 25 Henry VIII. I find him
c ambassador to Francis I. the French King, and continuing at
that court, Anno 1535/ he was ordered to expostulate with the
French Monarch, for giving his advice to the Germans to own
the supremacy of the Bishop of Rome, and to shew him the book
wrote against it by Dr. Samson, Dean of the chapel to Hen. VIII.
and to incline him to the King's opinion in ecclesiastical affairs.
Also was ordered to attend the French King at his interview with
the Pope at Marseilles, who then married his niece to the Duke
of Orleans. Secretary Cromwell in a letter to him,e dated at
Thorneberry, August 23d, 1535, thus expresses himself:

" The King having perused the hoole contents thoroughly of
your letters, perceivying not only the liklihood of the not repayr
into France of Philip Melancton, but also your communications
had with the French King's Highness, upon your demaund made
of the Kynges Majesties pensions, with also your discrete answers

« Hall, p. 127. x Herbert ut antea, p. 79. Y Ibid

2 Rymer's Fcedera, torn. XIV. p. 196. a Bill. Sign. 20 Henry VIII.

b Bill Sign. 22. Henry VIII. « Strype's Memorials, Vol. I. p. 153

* Ibid. p. 335, e Strype's Appendix, p. 166.

300 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and replications made in that behalfe, for the which his Majestie
givethe unto you condigne thanks,, &c." In the same year, he
had a f grant of the advowson of the parish church of Obbyrkirk,
in the Marches of Calais ; and was ordered to propose^ to the
French King, the conditions concerning a revocation of the cen-
sures inflicted by the Pope on his Royal Master : and to treat of
a marriage between the Duke of Angoulesme, the French King's
third son, and the Princess Elizabeth. He continued in France
on his embassy till 1537, when I find him h summoned to attend
at the christening of Prince Edward on October 15th, that year,
and being of the King's Privy Chamber, was one which supported
a rich canopy over the prince at that grand solemnity. Also the
same year, he was 'in nomination for one of the Knights of the
Garter. In 30 Henry VIII. in k consideration of his services, he
had a grant of the priory of Barlich, in com. Someis. and the
manors of Brampton, Bury, and Warley, in the same county ;
and the manor of Morebach, in Devonshire, to him and his heirs.
In 32 Henry VIII. he1 was again in France on an embassy;
where he continued till a war broke out with that realm. And
on April 23d n St. George's Day, 35 Henry VIII. was at a chap-
ter of the most noble Order of the Garter, the first named in the
list of Knights, by all the companions present ; and had more
votes than the Vise. Lysle, Lord St. John, and Lord Parr, who
were then chose, though the King did not then declare him
elected. The same year, on a treaty concluded with the Empe-
ror Charles V. whereby the King was obliged to assist him in
defence of his dominions in Lower Germany against the King of
France; his Majesty being well assured (as the words of the pa-
tent import), of n the fidelity, prudence, and experience, of his
trusty and well-beloved counsellor Sir John Wallop, Captain and
Governor of the castle and county of Guysnes, constitutes him
Captain-General and Leader of the forces to be employed accord-
ing to the said treaty, with full power to give battle and annoy
all the enemies of the said Emperor : and was authorised, as he
saw expedient, to punish all under his command, even with death
itself: likewise to reward all as should well deserve, with Knight-

f Bill. Sign. 27 Henry VIII. S Herbert praed. p. 17.9.

h Strypc, Vol. II. p. 3,4.

1 Anstis's Regist. of the Order of the Garter, Vol. II. p. 407.

* Pat. 30 Henry VIII. J Strype, Vol. I. p. 365.

» Anstis's Regist. p. 425, 426. n pat. 35 Henry VIII. p. 16- m. 24.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 301

hood, and such military honours and marks of distinction as he
thought fit.

He landed at Calais, an. 1543, and marching0 from thence,
between the frontiers of France and the Low Countries, did much
spoil on the enemy, till he joined with the Emperor's forces be-
fore Landrecy, then besieged : whereof the French King being
advertised, resolved to relieve it. Hereupon the two great armies
being near each other, it was expected a battle would ensue; but
the French in the night dislodged secretly, and retired. After
which, the Emperor continued the siege till towards the midst of
November, when he marched (without taking the town), to
Cambray, and possessed himself thereof.

On Sir John Wallop's return the same year, he was elected
Knight of the Garter, at a chapter of that most noble Order at
Hampton-Court,P especially called on Christmas-Eve. And as a
special mark of the King's favour, Sir John Wallop i had bis
robes of the Order out of the King's Wardrobe, when he was in-
stalled; viz. rMaii IStb, 1544. Mr. Ashmole, who wrote the His-
tory of the Knights of the Order of the Garter, did also intend to
write the History of the Lives of that most noble Order; but his'
design3 being represented (as he complains), through the wrong
end of the perspective, by the Chancellor of the Order, to King
Charles the second, and the Knights Companions, he received so
great discouragement,1 as caused him to wave it. In his Collec-
tions, this Sir John Wallop is mentioned to have been Ambassador
to the Emperor, to the Kings of France, Portugal, Hungary, and
Poland. Sir John was twice Commissioner with the Lord Cob-
ham, and others, for delivering of hostages, in Edward the VI. *s
time, concerning the treaty of Valloigne, The last commission I
find him in, was on November 1 6th, 1550, when he was the first
named to u hear and determine all controversies relating to the
titles of lands and possessions, lordships and territories, as well
within the King's limits, as within the French King's, on the
Marches of Calais.

It appears by several circumstances, that he was abroad in the
King's service at the death of Henry VIII. and in the reign of
Edward VI. having the sole command of our forces for the de-

• Herbert, praed. p. 239. P Anstis's Regis?, p. 427, 428, 429.

SI MS. in Bib!. Cotron. Julii, F. 11. r Anstis, P. 432.

s Hist, of the Gaiter, p. 643.
1 Lives of the Knights of the Garter, MS. in Bibl. Ashmol. No. 1117.
■ Strype, Vol.11, p. 174.

302 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

fence of our territories in France. And he died at xGuisnes in
July, 5 Edward Vl.y where he lies buried, leaving z no issue.

His last will and testament bears date May 22d, 1551,a the
preamble being in these words: " I Sir John Wallop, Knight of
the right honourable order, lievtenaunte of the castill and county e
of Guysnes, being of whole mynde and in perfitt memory, and
sicke in bodye j considering the vanitie of this worlde, and the
soden chaunge of man out of this transitorie woride; and nothing
to be more certayne then death, and the tyme thereof to be un-
certayne: do therefore deliberately and advisadly ordeyne and
make this my testament and last will, in manor and form follow-
ing. First, I revoke and annull all former testaments, &c. And
then afore all other worldly things, I give and bequeathe my soul
to almightie God my maker, redeemer and saviour, humbly de-
siring our Ladye Saynt Marie the virgin mother of our Lord
Jesus Christ, and all the holy company of Heaven, to be media-
tors and intercessors for me, that my soul may be saved by the
merits of Christes passion, and have place of glory that he re
deemyed me to with his precious blood, thorrowe the abundance
and multitude of the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christe. And my
body to be buried in christian burial, whare myne executrice un-
dernamyed shall think most expedient at the tyme of my deathe.
Item, I give and bequeathe to my singular good -Lord the Duke
of Somersett's Grace, one of the two great guylt cuppis that King
Ferdinando, King of Romayns, did give to me being the King's
ambasador with hyme. Item, I give and bequeathe to my very
good Lord Therle of Warwick, thother greate gilt enpp the fellow
of the same. Item, To my Lorde Therle of Wilteshire my great
gilt boll with a cover, that I brought out of France with me.
Item, To my loving brother Sir Thomas Chayne, Lord Gwarden
of the Five Ports, my great gilt cupp that the Kinge of Pole dyde
give me, and my mules. Item, To my loving Frende Sir William
Herbert, Knight, Master of the Horse, one of my three new
bollys with a cover gilt, bought at Bruges. Item, To Sir Ed-
ward Wotton, Knight, my gilt cupp with a cover, whiche I and
my wife did use to drynke caudels in. And yf it happen the said
Sir Edward Wotton to dye afore me, then I bequeathe the said
gilt cupp to Mr. Nicholas Wotton, Dean of Canterbury, his bro-
ther. Item, To my brother Oliver Wallop my gown furred with
sables, and all my stuf of household which I now have at my

* Anstif, p. 429. y Ibid. z Vincent and Charles.

* Ex Regist. Buck. qu. 24. in Cur. Praerog. Cant.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 803

house of my manor of Farley. Item, To my Cosyne Cooke, Ser-
geant of the King's Herthounds, my gown furred with lucerns,
and my velvet cloke. Item, To John Smale, my Stewarde, my
gowne embrodered with sarsenet, and the sarsenet gowne furred
with black conye. Item, To Chester the Harrolde my sersenet
cloker embroderyd. Item, To Guyens the Pursevaunte my best
capp and the best broche, the same that the Quene that last dyed
dyd give me with the greate white stone. Item, To Nicholas
Alexander, Captayne of Newnam Bridge, my late Secretary, a
annuitie of vi/. xiiis mid. to be paid, &c."

He bequeaths to all his servants of his household half a year's
wages, and five pounds to the reparations of the church at Gui-
sons, and five pounds to the poor there j also several other bequests
and annuities to his friends and servants. He bequeathed his
manor of Bury and Barlich, in the county of Somerset, and
his manor of Morebach, in the county of Devon, to Elizabeth
his wife, to the intent, that she receiving the issues and pro-
fits thereof, should pay all his debts, and the several annuities
which he left payable out Of the said manors. And after her de-
cease, he bequeathed the said manors to his brother Oliver Wal-
lop, and to the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten j and the
residue of his goods, &c. to Elizabeth his wife, whom he ordained
his sole executrix, concluding with these words : " And I most
humbly beseche the Kinges Majesty, that in consideration I have
servyed his gracious noble Father and his Highness all my lief,
truly and faithfully ; and have spent in his Grace's service, not
only the revenues and profytts of mine office, but also the rents
and profytts of myne owne Lands, and yet remayne sore indebted
to his Highness; that yt may lyke his Grace of his Majesty's
clemency, and my good Lordes of his Grace's Counsail, to remytt
my said debt or parte thereof, as that shall stande with his Grace's
and their pleasure : and the rather that there was nyne hundreth
crownys due to me for the ransom of French prisoners that were
takyn, whiche prysoners I delyvered by his Grace's Counsayll
Commaundment, withoute any money paying for their raunsom,
to me due. And farther beseeching most humbly his Highness,
and my said good Lordes of his Grace's Counsaill, to suffer my
said weif, being myne execu trice, to have for the performance of
my will, and the help and reliffe of my poore servants, the como-
dite and profytt of myne office at Guysnys, paying the waiges and
charges to be due untill the 17th daye of October next corny nge,
that the half yere I have entryd into, doo ende j whereby his

304 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Grace shall rewarde your sickc servaunte, that is sorry he hath no
longer life to serve your Highness."

This Sir John Wallop had two wives: first b Elizabeth, relict
of Gerald, son of Thomas Earl of Kildarec and daughter of Sir
Oliver St. John, of Lidiard Tregose, in com. Wilts, Knt. ances-
tor to the present Viscount Bolingbroke; and to his second wife.
d Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Clement Harleston, of Okinden, in
com. Essex, Knt. She survived him, as mentioned in his will ;
but leaving no issue, his estate devolved on his brother and heir,

Sir Oliver, who for his conduct and bravery in the great
battle of Musselborough,e September 10th, 1547, had the honour
of Knighthood conferred on him, on September 2/th, in the camp
of Roxborough, by the Duke of Somerset, Genera) of the Army.
And had livery of the manor of Bury and Barlich, in 6 Edw. VI.
by the decease of Elizabeth, the wife of Sir John Wallop. He
was f Sheriff of the county of Southampton in the last year of
Queen Mary; and died in the 8th year of Queen Elizabeth. He

married two wives; first, Bridget, daughter" of — Pigot, of

Beechampton, in com. Bucks, Esq. by whom he had issue one
daughter, Rose, married to h Walter Lambert, Esq. and three
sons ; of whom Sir Henry Wallop succeeded to his estate.

William, second son, was returned to parliament for ' Lyming-
ton in 18 Eliz. And on a monument erected to his memory in
the church of Weald, in com. Southampt. is the following in-
scription :

" Here lies William Wallop, Esq. second son of Sir Oliver
Wallop, Knt. His eldest brother was Sir Henrey Wallop, late
Treasurer of Ireland : He was Nephew to Sir John Wallop, Knt.
who being first a gentleman of the Privy -Chamber to King Henry
Bth', was afterwards Admiral of a Navy, and Captain of 1000
adventurers against the French. He served against the Moors for
the King of Portugal ; and was General of the English at the siege
of Landrecy : He was sent Embassador to the King of Hungary,
to NAPLES, to the Emperor Charles V. to Ferdinando King of
the Romans, and into France, where he was twice Lieger Ambas-
sador. He was Captain of the castle, and Marshall of the town
of Calais, Lieutenant of the castle and county of Guimes ; a

* Charles ct Visit, of Hamp. prsed. c Ex Stem, de St. John.

* Charles et' Visit, praed. e Nom. Equit. in Bibl. Cotton. Claudius, c. 3.

f Fuller, p. 15. § Vincent and Charles. h Ibid,

• i Wallis's Not. Pari, in com. Southamp. MS. ,

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 305

Privy -Counsellor of Estate, and Knight of the most noble Order
of the Garter,

" This William was a Justice of the Peace, once High Sheriff
of this county, and twice Mayor of Southampton : He had three
wives, but died without issue in the 84th year of his age; to whose
memory his last wife Margery, daughter of John Fisher, of Chil-
ton Candover, Esq. hath erected this monument."

Obiit 13 Die Novembr. Anno Domini 161/ '.

Leaving no issue, his estate descended to his nephew, Sir Henry
Wallop, hereafter mentioned.

Richard Wallop, Esq. third son, was seated at Bugbroke, in
com. Northamp. and married Mary, sister and coheir of William
Spencer, of Everton, in that county, Esq. but this branch is now-
extinct in the male line.

The said Sir Oliver Wallop had to his second wife,* Anne,
daughter of Robert Martin, of Athelhampston, in com. Dorset,
Esq. and widow of Thomas, son and heir of Sir John Tregonwell,
of Milton-Abbas, in the said county, Knt. by whom he had issue
two sons, William and Stephen ; also two daughters, Anne and
Grace; but no issue is remaining of them.

Sir Henry Wallop, the eldest son of Sir Oliver, was distin-
guished for his eminent abilities in the reign of Queen Elizabeth,
who l knighted him at Basing, Anno 15(X). He was chosen one
of the members for the town of Southampton, m to that Parlia-
ment first holden at Westminster, May 8th, 15/2, which conti-
nued n near upon the space of twelve years ; viz. from May 8th
beforementioned, to April 19th, 25th Eliz. when it was dis-
solved.

This Sir Henry was a leading member in the house of Com-
mons j for in 1575, I find him appointed with all the Privy-
Council of the house, the Lord Russell, Sir Thomas Scott, and
Sir Henry Gates, to meet in the Exchequer-Chamber, and agree
touching the nature of the petition to be made to the Queen, on
the motions for reformation of discipline in the church. And on
Friday, March 9th, the Chancellor of the Exchequer reported
her Majesty's answer to their petition. He was also0 in the same
session, especially appointed by the house of Commons, with Mr.
Treasurer of the Household, Sir Christopher Hatton, Captain of

k Vincent and Charles. l Cat.- of Knights, MS. penes meips.

m Willis ut supra. n Dew's Journsls of Pari. p. 277. • Ibid.

tol. iv. x

9

306 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the guard, Sir Henry Rateliff, Sir John Thynne, and seven others
of the leading members, to confer with the Lords touching such
private bills in both houses, as upon their conference together,
shall be thought fittest to be examined.

On March 18th, 1580, Mr. Cromwell reported to the Com-
mons p from the commiitee appointed to inquire into the returns
and defaults, noted upon the last calling of the house, that Fulke
Grevile, Esq. was returned for the town of Southampton, in the
room of Sir Henry Wallop, Knt. being in the Queen's service j
whereupon the house resolved, that it was an undue election, and
that Sir Henry Wallop should continue in his said place.

On the rebellion in Ireland, he raised a company of 100 men,
and went over with them to that kingdom. On April 4th, 1580/
he came from Limerick to the Lord Justice, then besieging the
castle of Asketten ; and on the surrender thereof, his company
war> garrisoned there. On August 14th, the same year, he was
constitu ed Vice-Treasurer, and Treasurer of war, in Ireland, as
appears from the inscription on his monument in St. Patrick's
church, in Dublin.

The Lord Grey of Wilton resigning his government of Ireland,
the latter end of August, 1582/ he delivered the sword to Adam
Loftus, Archbishop of Dublin, Lord Chancellor, and Sir Henry
Wallop, Vice-Treasurer, and Treasurer of war in Ireland j whom
the Queen afterwards constituted Lords Justices/ September 1st,
15S2. The. Lord Grey left the Administration to them at a time
when the Spaniards had landed t in the kingdom, the people dis-
quieted, and the government not settled ; yet as my author saith,
0 they both joining their wisdoms, services, and good wills, were
so blessed therein, that by them the land was reduced to some per-
fection and quietness. The rebellion was quelled, and Gerald
Fitzgerald, Earl of Desmond, who was at the head of it, after
two years skulking in obscure places,* was by a common soldier
surprised, and afterwards executed.

Secretary Fenton, one much confided in by Queen Elizabeth,
is said y to be a moth in the governments of all the deputies of
his time; and either he, or others, did some ill offices to Sir Henry

P Dew's Journals of Pari. p. 277.

<i Chron. of Ireland in Hbllinshed, Vol. I. p. 167. r Ibid. p. 177.

s Borlase's Reduct. of Ireland, p. 130. * Cox's Hist, of Ireland, p. 367.

u Chron. of Ireland, p. 177. x Borlase praed.

y Cox's Hist. p. 389.

E.UIL OF PORTSMOUTH. 307

Wallop; who, in his letter to the Queen from Dundalk, August
I lth, 1583, lays it much to 'heart, that any rumour should be
spread to prejudice his integrity and reputation, and lessen him
in the good opinion of her Majesty. Which letter contains such
sentiments of honour and justice, and is such an addition to his
character, that I shall here insert it :z

fC It may please your Majesty, a rumour hath been raised not
long since at Dublin (I know not how, nor by what particular
person, but strongly confirmed fince the last passage out of Eng-
land, neither doth your service now in hand upon this northern
border suffer me to examine it), that your Majesty conceived
some hard opinion of me, from which your Highness is not yet
removed ; but what the offence is, or how conceived, is neither
by the reporters published, nor secretly revealed unto me : and
like as it is easy to judge what effects this may work in the ser-
vice of your Majesty, or to a man in public office as I am, in such
a government as this is, where the obedience for the most is con-
strained, and all reputation with the people either growing or
diminishing, as your Majesty either graces or disgraceth your
officers ; so how much this quiet burthen overpresseth my most
devoted and dutiful mind towards your Majesty, I feel to my ex-
ceeding grief and discomfort. In examining myself in what root
this your judgment should spring, I confess, Madam, I have
viewed in myself many imperfections, some in nature, others,
perhaps, for lack of ability and sufficiency to be a co-operator or
an assistant in so great and so ticklish a government and charge,
into which not ambition in me, but your Majesty's will and com-
mandment, hath intruded me. But in all that my memory can
hitherto present unto me, I find my loyalty in your service, and
my sincerity in employing your Majesty's treasure according to
your intent, so unspotted and direct, as I cannot but comfort my-
self in opposing my innocency to the envy of the informer, or to
any other his hard construction whatsoever : yet since in general
consideration, I cannot feel such a particular error, as might
settle in your Majesty's grave judgment an offence meriting
your disfavour, I am most humbly to beseech your Majesty, that
by knowing my fault I may either purge myself by a just denial,
or by confessing it crave pardon of your Highness, and reform
myself. If therefore it shall stand with your Majesty's good

z Cabala, p. 391.

303 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

pleasure, to declare it to my honourable good friend, Mr. Secre-
tary Walsingham, commanding hirn to charge me with it, I will
thereupon simply answer, even as before the Lord God, without
concealing any matter of truth in any wise, for ray own defence.
This grace the sooner I shall obtain, the apter I shall be found for
your other services, from which I find myself distracted, because
the end of my travels is none other but to purchase that grace
and favour, which I may now fear to be alienated from me, till
my cause be better explained. And so I humbly end, praying the
LORD to bless you with a long and prosperous reign.

Your Majesty's most humble servant and subject,
At your town ofDundalk, Henry Wallop.''

Aug. 11, 1583.

The answer to it I don't find, the deeds and writings of this
family being destroyed in that fire, in 1667* at Farley, before-
mentioned. But. in a letter from the Qu«en to Sir Henry Wal-
lop, and the Lord Chancellor, Lords Justices, dated January 31st
following, informing them that she had appointed Sir John Perrot,
Knt. Lord Deputy, and requiring them to administer the oath to
him on his arrival, a her Majesty thus expresses herself, Meaning
noxv no longer to burthen you with such a charge, wherein you
have, according to the trust imposed in you, very wisely behaved
yourselves, greatly to our contentation , we have chosen, &c.

Whilst they were Lords Justices, a famous combat was fought
before them in the court of the castle of Dublin, and as it may
entertain my readers, 1 shall give a short account thereof.b Two
near kinsmen of the noble family of the Oconnors, had charged
each other with sundry treasons in the late rebellion, and desiring
a triai by combat, the Lords Justices consented to it. Whereupon
all things being prepared, according to the customary laws in
such cases in England, and the Lords Justices, the Lords of the
Council, Judges, &c. sitting in places, every one according to
their degree, the appellant, stripped in his shirt, was brought be-
fore the court, with only his sword and target (the weapons ap-
pointed) and when he had done his reverence to the Lords Justices,
and the court, was set on a stool ; the defendant was likewise
brought in the same order, and with the like weapons, and after
doing his reverence, &c. was placed over-against the appellant.
After the challenge was read, each combatant took an oath of

* Cabala, p. 33S. b Cbron. of Ireland, prced. p. 189.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 309

what he averred, and that it was true, and would justify the same
both with sword and blood. Then the signal, by sound of trum-
pet, being given them to engage, the appellant did not only dis-^
arm the defendant, but also with the sword he took from him,
cut off his head, and on the point thereof presented it to the Lords
Justices, who thereupon acquitted him.

Sir John Perrot, who succeeded Sir Henry Wallop, and the
Archbishop of Dublin, took his oath as Lord Deputy/ June 26th,
1584. He was, by his instructions, ordered d to consult the
council for the management of the government; and, when on
his progress, he came to Molinger, he sent, July l6th, 1584, a
cypher to Dublin, to the Archbishop and Sir Henry Wallop/
whereby they might understand his letters, and be unintelligible
to the rebels, if they should intercept themj by which it appears
that they were still in his absence at the head of affairs.

In the Irish Parliament which met in 1585, Sir Henry Wallop
was principally concerned in passing the act, That all conveyances
made by any person attainted within thirteen years, should be
entered on record in the Exchequer, within a year, or be void.
This act did not pass the houses without great difficulty, and per-
haps had not passed at all, saith Sir Richard Cox,f if a pretended
feoffment had not been produced, to prevent the Earl of Des-
mond's forfeiture. But Sir Henry Wallop discovering the fraud,
and producing the association signed by the said Earl, two months
before the said feoffment, the honest part of the house was ashamed
to abet so ill a cause, and so the act was made to prevent the like
contrivances. On April 20th, 1587, he s was commissioned,
with others, to dispose of the forfeited estates in Ireland, and
their warrants to the Chancellor to be sufficient for passing pa-
tents accordingly: in which commission Sir John Perrot, the Lord
Deputy, being in disgrace at court, was left out.

Sir Henry Wallop coming afterwards into England, Queen Eli-
zabeth in 15Ql,h honoured him with a visit at his seat at Farley-
Wallop, where her Majesty and her court were sumptuously
entertained for some days. William Lord Burghley, Treasurer,
writes to Sir Henry Unton, Knt. her Majesty's Ambassador in
France, and dates his letter, ' From the Courte at Syr Harry
Wallops, near Basyng, Thirteenth of September, One Thousand

c Borlase, p. 139. 4 Cabala, p. 557. e Cox's His. p. 3^0.

{ Cox's Hist. p. 384. g Ibid. p. 395.

h Ry oner's Feed. Vol. XVI. p. 120.

310 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND

Five Hundred Ninety one 3' concluding, « My Lord Chancellor
was looked for to Morrow, but I doubt he will not come but to
Oatland, about the 22 of this MonethV

On January 5tb, 1595, he, with Sir Eobert Gardiner, Lord
Chief Justice,1 were commissioned to conclude a peace with the
famous Tyrone, and the Irish rebels ; both persons of gravity and
conduct, as Camden has observed.1' The treaty was very solemn j
all the Irish potentates giving in their petitions and complaints,
related at large by Morison, in his Account of the Affairs of Ire-
land, p. 113.

On June 12th, 1595,1 he was constituted one of the Commis-
sioners for propagating the province of Munster, in Ireland, with
English inhabitants, and for compounding with the possessionem
of lands in the said province 3 having, as the commission expresses,
been employed in the same service for three years before. I don't
find him in any other commissons; but he continued of the Privy-
Council, and in the office of Vice-Treasurer, and Treasurer of
war in Ireland, till his death, which happened at Dublin, April
14th, 1599.

His integrity and conduct in the plantation of Ireland, with
English inhabitants, are evident from several authorities. He
first made a purchase,"1 March, 1584-5, of a lease of the abbey
of Eniscorthy, as also of the castle and manor, with the lands
thereto belonging, in the county of Wexford, which, with the
other lands he obtained, are of a considerable extent, and large
jurisdiction 3 and are now possessed by his lineal heir, the present
Earl of Portsmouth. Queen Elizabeth, in the 24th year of her
reign,n granted the premises to Edmond Spenser,0 paying an-
nually 3001. 6s. 4d. and maintaining it in continual repair.
Edmond Spenser, by indenture of December 9th, 1581, conveys
them to Richard Synot, who/ on December 3d, 25 Eliz. ob-
tained a grant from the Queen of the said lease for forty years, in
reversion after Spenser's lease 5 and on March 8th, 27 Elizabeth,
conveys it to Sir Henry Wallop, then Treasurer of war in Ire-
land.

Sir Henry Wallop on May 11th, the same year, had a Please

1 Cox's Hist. 408.

k Life of Queen Eliz. in Hist, of Engl. Vol. II. p. 588.

1 Rymer's Feed. torn. 16. p. 376.

» Ex Origin, penes praehon. Joh. com. Portsmouth. n Ibid.

0 Edmond Spenser, the Poet.

P Ex Origin, penes praehon. Joh. com. Portsmouth. 1 Ibid.

KARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 311

of the Bishop of Fernes's land; and in 28th Elizabeth, purchased
lands of Dermont Mac Morishe, and three of his brethren, in the
county of Wexford. Also in 2Q Elizabeth, he made purchases of
a lease of the priory of Selker, in com. Wexford, and of lands in
several towns there. And was so prudent a manager, that he was
greatly honoured and esteemed for his public spirit, exemplary
justice, and excellent conduct j as the following letter shews,
signed by Hugh Bishop of Femes, and twenty-nine gentlemen of
the county of Wexford, all who were then resident there.r

<•' Right Worshipfull,
fl Our humble Duties remembred. It hath been geven out of
late by Reporte, that your Worship was to deall with Morgan
Mac Brien, and the rest of his Sept, for his and theire Lands in
the Barrony of St. Molyns, and elsewhere, and that your Inten-
tion was to plante Habytation there, as you have alredy done
about Enescorthie. At the first Report whereof all Wee the
Gentlemen and rnhabytants of this poore Countie of Wexford,
did not a lyttle Rejoice, hoping that by that Meanes, We should
not only lyve in better Securytie, then We have done hetherto,
but that also, those lands lyeing now altogether wast, might in a
short Time, by your Worship's Countenaunce and good Pollicie
be peopled, and geve Relief especyallie to the poore Towen of
Rosse, and to the whole Countrey, which is not a lytle decayed
throughe the Dissolacion of these Parts. But being now geven
to understande that your Worship having viewed the same upon
the Offer made unto you by Morgan, and considared of the Dif-
ficulties which arise in some Condicions between your Worship
and him, and otherwise, doth determine to proceede no further
in the Matter, we have bene greatlie grieved and dismaid, to see
so good a Purpose broken, of which we hoped to have seen
brought to passe to the universal Good and Quiet of this Coun-
trey, and of all this Part of Leinster, and to your Worship's per-
petual Fame, as the Author of so great a Good : for when we
consider the Benefyt which we all feele and receave alredie by
your Worship's cominge amonge us, the Reliefe which innumer-
able poor Creatures have had at your Hands by your Works,
your Cattle and your Charetie, which otherwise would have
starved and died for hunger j how this Border, which before
your cominge was a very Denn of Thieves, and the chief Recep-

r Ex Autog. penes Joh. com. Partsmouth.

312 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tacle of all the Malefactors of Leinsler, is now become so quiet
and free from such Caterpillars, that no Cattel is housed in the
Nights neere about Enescorthie 3 and that the Oppressions and
Extorcions wherewith the Poore were wont to be continually
wexed and eaten up by Officers, as well as idle Men, are now
through your Authoritye and Countenaunce restrained and some-
what bridled : Wee did assuredlie hope, that your Worship ex-
tending your godlie Care throughout the whole Skirte and Border
of this poore Countie, would (as yt were with a Wall of Defence)
have invironed Us from the Annoyance of any Enemies from
henceforth, wherebie Wee might have enjoyed the Fruets of
Peace and Tranquillytie, purchased by your tender and fatherlie
Care of the afflicted State of this poore Countrey, and with no
small Travell and Chardge also. Our Confidence was that Justice
which your Worship hath brought amonges us indeed, where
before she was but a shewe, and her venerable Name used to the
spoile and undoenge of most of us, sholde dwell and florishe ge-
nerallie henceforthe amonges us. And that the good, and special
Orders that you have alredie begun, and are in Hande to establish
in that happie Corner of our Contrey, where you have planted,
shold have spredd themselves over the rest of the Borders, and so
over the whole Contrey, and have reduced Us to our auncyent,
naturall, and most desired Fourme and Manner of Lyvinge, ac-
cording to the Use and Custome of Englande, from which,
through the Libertie that idle Persons, not corrected, had to spoile
us, and want of good Government and Rule, we are declyned
and degenerate. But, alas, all, or the greatest Part of our Expec-
tation and hope is fayled, if your Worshipe do now breake of,
and reverse that so good, and so beneficyall a Purpose. For al-
though the Light of your upright Deallinge and Zeale of Justice,
do shine sufficientlie out of that Place to shew us the Waie of our
happie Estates, if We have Grace to acknowledge the Goodness
of Almightie God towards Us in sendinge you amongst Us : And
that your Worships Example will be a greate Meanes to induce
others to followe your Steppes, and to stryve to wynn that Love,
Reverence, and Commendacion, which you have gotten together,
with the dailie and harte Praiere of all Degrees of People in the
whole Countrey : yet do Wee certenlye see and discerne, that un-
less that Border may be established with the Pollecie and Govern-
ment as is devised for Enescorthie, and those Quarters, which
cannot be done but by your Worship, or some man so well disposed
#s yourselfe, and of Aucthorytie, Countenance, and Habilytie to

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 313

go throughe withall, it will be almost impossible but that the
Cavanaughes of that Sept, folio winge theire wonted Manner of
Lief, and drawing to them idle Followers and Malefactors from
other Places, will contynuallie be a Gaull to this Countrye, and
an open Passage for all the Evell disposed to annoy and infeste
us still. Wee therefore whose Names are subscribed, do, with
one Consent, hertelie and humblie praie and beseech your Wor-
ship, that yon will vouchsaef to hould on and persever in that
Intention of takinge those Lands of Morgan Mac Brien, and his
Sept, and planting thereof with such good Orders and Govern-
ments, as your Worship can well devise, for the inhabitinge
thereof, as well to your own Comodyte and Benefit, as to our
Good and Quiet ; wherein if any thing that Wee or any of Us
can do to the Furtherance of so good a Purpose, may prevayle,
your Worship shall be most assured to have our Endeavours to
the utmost of our Powers. Now is the Time to enterprize such
a Thing, when your Worship have the willing Mindes and Con-
sent of all that Sept : who, if they be now deverted from that
Hope which they have conceived, that they maie, under the Jus-
tice and Moderacion of your Rule, lyve and frame themselves to
Goodness, no doubt but verie Necessetie and Desperacion will
dryve them to Naughtiness, which naturalie, and by Kinde they
are too much inclyned unto; and that they will imploie all the
lyttle Force that is left them to do the most Mischiefe that they
shall be bable. Whereas, if your Worship taking the Countrey
at their Handes, shall build a strong Place at Simalyns, and main-
taine some convenyent Force there ; that on the one Side, and
Enesco?-thie on the other, will be as two Bullwarks to yoake and
keepe them under, and to bridle and chastize the doubtful Minds
of those that shall attempt any Evell, wherein Wee should never
need to feare anny more, or that they could be able to disturbe the
State and Quiet of this Countrey, as they have done ; but rather
hope that Example of well disposed People, labouring for their
Lyving, and the Sweetness of enjoyeng theire own, by due Ad-
ministration of Justice, would draw them to that Goodness which
otherwise there is no Hope of. And if haplie the Fear of en-
vious Speeches may move your Worship to forbear this worthy
Enterprize, albeyt the Cleerness of your Conscience, and the
Treuthe yt selfe will alwaies be a Testimonie sufficient of your
godlie Zeale and sincere Meaninge, to do good by all the Meanes
you can to all Men : yet, for the better avoiding of such slaun-
drous and malicious Reports (if anny should be so lewde as to

314 . PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

devise them), our Testimonye shall bee alwaies readie to declare
both to her Majestie (if need bee), and to all the World, that
your Worship's Dooings in that Behalfe shall have beene most
profitable for the Commonwealth, and rfytt for the Advance-
ment of her Highnes's Service. And our incessant Praire shall be
implored to Almightie God for the inclining your Hart to this
good Action, and for the protecting and defending of your Wor-
ship from the Mallice of all envious and slaunderous Tounges
broaching the same, and for the happie Successe therein to your
Worship and your Posterytie, and to all other your and theire
Affayres. And so we humblie take Leave the XXth of August
158;.

Your Worshippes Loving Frends

Hugo Fernensis, \3c.

Sir Henry, on November 6th, 1587, obtained a grant for a
market on Thursday, weekly, for the town of Eniscorthy, in con-
sideration, as the patent expresses/ That it was well inhabited
and peopled by our trusty and well-beloved Sir Henry Wallop,
Knt. and being a Place, both for Seat and Scituation, most com-
modious. In 30 Eliz. the Bishop of Femes, and the Dean and
Chapter of that cathedral, granted him a ' lease for ninety-nine
years of all the lands in Cloyne, as also the fee-farm rent of the
said lands. And Queen Elizabeth, at Greenwich, May 22d, 150)0,
in consideration of the faithful and acceptable services heretofore
done, of her right trusty and well-beloved Counsellor Sir Henry-
Wallop, Knt. Treasurer of wars in the kingdom of Ireland -, as
also in consideration of his great charges and expences in the
structure and building of the castle of Eniscorthy, and the better
fortification of it, and defence of her faithful subjects in those
parts j she likewise, by the advice of Sir William Russel, Knt.
Deputy-General of Ireland, and of the Council there, grants and
confirms to the said Sir Henry Wallop, his heirs and assigns for
ever, the abbey of Eniscorthy, with the appurtenances j also the
castle of Eniscorthy, in com. Wexford, and the custom of the
thirteenth part of all the wood and timber passing down the river
Slane, by Eniscorthy, together with all castles, rents, services, &c.
to hold by the service of the twentieth part of a Knight's fee, as
of the castle of Dublin : which passed the Great Seal of Ireland,
November 4th, the same year.

* Ex Origin. * Ibid.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 315

He begun to decline in his health about a year before he died,
as should seem by the provision for the settlement of his estate.
For he obtained licence of Queen Elizabeth, April 1st, 159 8, to
alien and convey u to Lewis Basset, Esq. Oliver Wallop, Esq. his
second son, Richard Harper, and John Brown, his castle, manor,
and abbey of Eniscorthy, with the appurtenances, &c. in Garran,
Kilkenan, Loughwerty, Basricrowe, and Ballyne Park, in com.
Wexford, with all castles, customs, franchises, &c. thereto be-
longing, in trust to the use of his last will and testament.

The said Oliver Wallop x was slain in the lifetime of his father/
on August 14th, 1598, in that battle between the Earl of Tyrone
and the Marshal Bagnal, when the Irish obtained the victory
with the slaughter of thirteen captains and 1 500 soldiers. And
William Wallop, his other younger son, taking to a military life,2
died in the service of his country in Brittany, before his said
brother.

Sir Henry Wallop's last will bears date on March 31st, 1599,
and a. codicil two days after. Hea is wrote therein Vice-Trea-
surer and Treasurer of wars in Ireland ; and the disposition of
his estate shews his great wisdom and solid judgment. It also
appears by the number of servants mentioned in it, that he lived
suitably to his dignity and fortune. He leaves all of them lega-
cies, and orders them to be entertained for three months after his
decease.

He wills, if dame Catharine, his wife, is contented to accept of
the jointure made to her by his father, Sir Oliver Wallop, de-
ceased, of his manor of Worle, &c. in the county of Somerset,
and release her right of dower to all his other manors, lands, &c.
that for an augmentation to it, she should have his manor of
Aldrington, alias Allington, in the county of Wilts, with the
appurtenances; as also his manor of Over- Wallop, with the ap-
purtenances in Over- Wallop, Nether- Wallop, Appleshaw, Ra-
denham, Fyfelde, and Lurgishall, in the counties of Southampton
and Wilts, during her life ^ and after to revert to his son, Henry
Wallop, and the heirs male of his body ; in default to William
Wallop, his second brother; remainder to Richard Wallop, eldest
son of Richard Wallop, his third brother; in default to John
Wallop, second son of the aforesaid Richard ; and in default to

• Ex Orig. Pat. 40 Eliz. x Vincent,

y Camden's Eli*, in Hist, of England, Vol.11, p. 612. z Vincent.

, a Ex Regis t. vocat Wallop, qu. 1. in Cur, Praerog; Cant.

316 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

every the other sons of the said Richard; in default to the right
heirs of him the said Henry Wallop. He further bequeaths to
his son, Henry Wallop, and to his heirs male and female, his
manor of Farley, in the county of Southampton, and his manors
of Worle-berry, and Morebach, which he had late purchased for
him and his heirs, in the county of Somerset; and also all his*
other lands in England and Ireland. And in default of such heirs,
to dame Anne Powlet, wife of Sir Richard Powlet, Knt. Bridget
Halswell, wife of Nicholas Halswell, Esq. and Winefride Wal-
lop, daughters of him the said Sir Henry Wallop, and to their
heirs. He also bequeaths to dame Catharine, his wife, /OO
ounces of his plate, and a third part of all his furniture at his seat
at Wallop (except the hangings of the great chamber there), and ■
at his houses of Farley, and Eniscorthy, except the bed of crim-
son velvet, with the furniture thereto belonging, in his chamber,
called the best chamber of Farley ; also all her jewels, her own
coach, with the coach-horses and their furniture, and three geld-
ings for her use. He appoints Henry Wallop, his only son, sole
executor; and overseers of his will, his good friends, Sir Robert
Gardener, one of the Lords Justices of Ireland; his son-in-law,
Sir Richard Powlet, of Herierd, Knt.; his brother, William Wal-
lop, Esq.; and his son-in-law, Nicholas Halswell, Esq. He re-
quires his funeral to be ordered as follows :

My Will and Mind is, that when it shall please GOD to call
me to his Mercy, out of this mortal Life, that my Body be decently
buried within two Days after my Decease, and no ceremonies be
used at or after my Burial, other than Blacks be given by my Ex-
ecutor to my Wife, Children, Overseers, and Servants.

He was buried in St. Patrick's church in Dublin, with this in-
scription on a plate of brass :b

" Near unto this Place lieth that worthy Knight, Sir Henry
Wallop, of Farley Wallop, in the county of Southampton, in the
Realm of England, who faithfully served Queen Elizabeth in this
Kingdom, as Vice-Treasurer and Treasurer at War, by the Space
of eighteen Years and eight Months, and was Lord Justice within
this Realm, jointly with the Lord Chancellor of this Realm, al-
most by the Space of two Years, in the Years of our Lord God
1582, 1583, 1584; in which Time the Wars of Desmond were
ended, and his Head sent into England; besides many other

b Borlase, p. 137.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 31?

weighty Causes committed to his Charge, during his said Service.
He departed this Life the 14th Day of April, 1599. He was son
and Heir of Sir Oliver Wallop, Brother and Heir of Sir John
Wallop, Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Garter, and
Lieutenant of the Castle and County of Gujines, in France, Nephew
and Heir of Sir Robert Wallop, Knight.*'

He married Catharine, daughter of Richard GirTord, Esq. and
sister of Sir Henry GirTord, of Sombourne, in com. Southampton,
Knt. by c whom he had issue three sons ; Henry, who succeeded
him in his estate 3 William and Oliver, beforementioned, who died
unmarried; also three daughters ; Anne, married to Sir Richard
Powlet, of Herierd (or Harriot), in com. Southamp.; Bridget, wife
of Nicholas Halswell, in com Somers. Esq.; and Winifrede,
wedded, after her father's decease, to Sir Richard Giflbrd, of
Sombourne, in com. Southamp. Knt.

Sir Henry Wallop, his heir, born on d October 18th, 1508,
was chosen onee of the members of Andover, in 39 Eliz. and
one of the Knights for the county of Southampton, in 43 Eliz.
before which time he had received the honour of Knighthood. He
was Sheriff of the county of Southampton f with Sir Henry Tich-
burn, in the last year of Queen Elizabeth ; and by s himself in
the first year of King James. Stow relates,*1 that he and Sir
Hamden Powlet, being Knights for the county of Southampton,
they on November 9th, l()03, 1 Jac. I. received Henry Lord
Cobham, and the Lord Grey of Wilton, at Bagshot, from Sir
■Thomas Vavasor, Knight Marshal, and Richard Leveson, who
had brought them from the Tower, in order to take their trial at
Winchester ; and Sir Henry Wallop, with a strong guard, con-
ducted them to the castle ; as he did Sir Walter Raleigh, Knt.
and other prisoners, on November 12th following.

In the third of King James I. he was Sheriff of Shropshire;
being k possessed of the manor and noble seat of Red-Castle, and
divers other lordships and manors in that county, by marriage
with Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Robert Corbet, of Mor-
ton-Corbet, Esq. eldest son and heir of Sir Andrew Corbet, Knt.
(who died at Gorton-Corbet, Aug. lrjth, 1578). And it was found
by the jury, on an inquisition taken after his death, that the said

c Vincent and Charles. d Ex Regist. de Farley,

c Willis, ut antea. f Fuller, p. 16. S Ibid.

h Annals of K. James. 1 Fuller in com. Salop. * Ibid.

1 E»c. 8th Jan. zi Eliz.

318 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Robert was his son and heir, and of the age of thirty-six 7631*85™
and that Sir Andrew died seised of the manor of Morton-Corbet,
with the villages of Preston, Brokehurst, Sowbache, Egbaldon,
Booley, and the Heath-house, Hareote-Park, and Bromfield,
thereto belonging, and other the appurtenances in Lacon, Soulton,
Warrenshall, and Besford, held of Richard Peshall, as of his ma-
nor of Chetwynd ; also the manor of Red-Castle, in Gravenhan-
ger, with the villages of Lye, Under-Brokehurst, Quickshoull,
Weston, Keuston, Hankeston, Hopley, Marchomley, and Lossord,
parcel of the said manor of Red-Castle : the manors of Lawlcy,
Bcrewareyne, and Blechley, Fitz, alias Fiteshooe, and Eyton, with
the villages of Mitton and Grafton, parcel of the manor of Fitz :
the manor of Hopton, with the villages of Chelderton, Bradeford,
Hagley, Coston, Rowton, and theBethowse, members of the said
manor of Hopton : the manors of Waters Upton and Pay n ton,
and the manor and capital mesuage of Colehurst, alias Cules:
the manors of Shabury and Wytheford-Parva, and Shabury-Park,
in Shabury, and divers other lands, all in Shropshire.

Sir Henry Wallop was married before June 1st, 1601, for then
"Oliver, Lord St. John, Baron of Bletshoe (grandfather of Eliza-
beth, his Lady), and Rowland Litton, of Knebworth, in Hert-
fordshire, Esq. (who had married Anne, her mother), and the
said Elizabeth, wife of the said Sir Henry Wallop, were parties
to an indenture : wherein it is specified, that Sir Henry Wallop
having been at an expence in erecting and building certain iron
works in the county of Salop, and for the finishing must be at
further charges, the said dame Elizabeth Wallop, by the con-
sent and good liking of Oliver Lord St. John, Rowland Litton,
and other of her friends, grants to the said Sir Henry Wallop, all
her wood and timber in her manors of Hopton, and Shelderton,
in com. Salop.

This Lady being heir to the estate of the Corbets, many suits
and controversies arose concerning several castles, manors, &c.
descended to her by her father, and claimed by Sir Richard Cor-
bet, his brother j so that for the appeasing and ending all differ-
ences, it wras left to the arbitration of Sir Randal Brereton, Sir
Richard Powlet, Sir Rowland Litton, and Sir Roger Owens, Knts.
Thomas Harley, and Samuel Backhouse, Esqrs. who made an
award between them, as it is specified in an indenture, July 6th,
1607.0 But Sir Richard Corbet dying before the time limited for

m Esc. 8th Jan. 21 Eliz. " Ex Orig. » ibid.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 319

the performance thereof, it was agreed by and between Sir
Henry Wallop, and dame Elizabeth, his wife, of the one part,
and Vincent Corbet, Esq. brother and heir of the said Sir Rich-
ard, on the other, that the said award should be peformed between
them.

• Accordingly, by another indenture p of the same date (July 6th,
1607), Sir Henry Wallop, and dame Elizabeth his wife, granted
and confirmed to Vincent Corbet, Esq. his heirs and assigns, the
castle and manor of Morton Corbet, with the appurtenances ; as
also the manors of Shauberrie, Lawley, Hatton-Hineheath, alias
High-Hatton, with the rectory of Staunton-upon-Hineheath, and
advowson of the vicarage : and all the lands and tenements in
the town of Shrewsbury, together with the tithes of Besford and
Great- Wycheford, in the said county of Salop : also the manors of
Linchlade, alias Linslade, Southcott, alias Surcote, and Chelmes-
cot, with the appurtenances, lying in Chelmescot, Bragenham,
Soulburie, and Great and Little Hallingdon, in com. Bucks :
the manor of Cropredie, and the manor and scite of the late dis-
solved priory of Clatercote, in com. Oxon, and the rectory and
parsonage of Severn-Stoke, alias Stoke-upon-Severne, in com.
Wigorn ; with all advowsons, patronages, courts, &c. belonging
to the said manors. And by another indenture, dated the same
day,1! Vincent Corbet, Esq. (brother and heir male of Sir Richard
Corbet, deceased), and Andrew Corbet, his son, for the accom-
plishment of the award, granted and confirmed to Henry Wallop,
and dame Elizabeth his wife, and to the heirs of the said Eliza-
beth, the manor of Dailington, with the appurtenances in Dal-
lington, and town of Northampton, with the rectory and impro-
priate parsonage of Dailington, and advowson of the vicarage, and
divers lands, &c, in com. Bedford; also the advowson of the free
chapel at Brockhurst, alias Lee sub Brockhurst, and divers farmSj,
&c. in com. Salop. The above lands were in the award; but
Sir Henry Wallop was possessed of the manors of Red Castle,
Hopton, and Shelderton, &c. with the appurtenances, in com.
Salop, that were not disputed: also1" of the manor of Mirenden,
in com. Warw. The same year, July Qth, 5 Jac. I. the King,8
in consideration of the true and faithful services of Sir Henry
Wallop, Knt. grants to him the tithes of Eniscorthy, and con-
firms to him and his heirs for ever, his lands in Ireland. In 9

? Ex Orig. «! Ibid. r Dugd. Warwicksh. first edit. p. 7^1.

• Pat. $ Jac. I.

320 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Jac. I, he had a confirmation e of his lands in Ireland, from Tho->
mas Earl of Ormond, Grand Treasurer j Donat Earl of Thomond,
and other the Commissioners for inquiring into defective titles.
And the year after, September 5th, 10 Jac. I. heu constituted
Roger Man waring, Esq. Constable, Governor, and Keeper of
his castle of Eniscorthy, in the county of Wexford, with such
jurisdictions, privileges, &c. as to the same belong; and Ge-
neral-Receiver of all his rents, &c. with the yearly fee of 20 L
English money.

On February l6th, If3l6-17, he obtained a grant for x free
warren, in his manors and lordships of Farley- Wallop, Over-
Wallop, Nether -Wallop, Clidesden, Hatch, IUesfield, alias Ulls-
field, Subberton, Appleshaw, Est-Rednam, and Fyfeild, with the
appurtenances, in com. Southamp. also in his manors of Ailing-
ton, alias Aldrington, in com. Wilts; Hopton-Ash, alias Hopton-
Castle, Shelerton, Broadward, Abcot, Oblages, Clogonford, alias
Clongunnas, and Clongbury, in com. Salop. In 15 Jac. I. he was
constituted one ? of his Majesty's Council, under William Lord
Compton, then President of the Marches of Wales; and in 1622,
z one of the Commissioners for advancing the woollen manufac-
tory in the said principality.

In 1 Car. I. he was one a of the trustees of Elizabeth Countess
of Southampton, for the third part of the lordships, manors, &c.
of Henry Earl of Southampton, deceased, during the minority of
Thomas Earl of Southampton. And with the b said Countess,
William Viscount Say, Robert Lord Spencer, Hen.y Lord Dan-
vers, and Sir Robert Vernon, had a grant of the wardship and
marriage, as also of the custody of the lands of Thomas Earl of
Southampton, who was so highly distinguished in the reigns of
Charles I. and Charles II. and died in the post of Lord High-
Treasurer of England.

This Sir Henry Wallop was instructed in juvenile learning by
Nicholas Fuller, afterwards a Prebendary of the church of Salis-
bury, a very pious clergyman, and author of several pieces. He c
was his tutor, and went with him to Oxford, where, in Michael-
mas Term, 15S4, they were both matriculated as members of St.
John's college, and afterwards translated themselves to Hart-hall,
where they improved their studies; and Woodd observes, that

t Pat. 9. Jac. I. « Ex Cop. Oiig. x Ex Grig. Pat. 14 J-ic. I.

y Rymcr, Tom. XVII. p. 29. z Ibid. p. 410.
a Ibid. Tcru. XVIII. p. 199. b Ibid. p. 200.

c Wood's Athenx Oxon. Vol. I. p. 474. d Ibia.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 321

Fuller was a very extraordinary proficient. His pupil was also a
very learned gentleman, and of exemplary morals, as is evident
from his manuscript writings; and was a judicious manager of ■
his estate, as appears by several copies of his letters relating
thereto ; which also shew, that he kept a very hospitable house,
in all respects suitable to his fortune, one of the largest among
the commoners of his time. His country testified their esteem
and confidence in him, by his being so often their representative
in parliament ; first, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and after
in the reigns of James I.e and Charles I. to the time of his death.
In the first year of Charles I. he had such an interest, that his
son f was elected with him for the county of Southampton ; and
they sat together in one parliament, in the reign of King James I.
and all the parliaments in King Charles I.'s reign ; the son for
Andover/ and the father for the county of Southampton.

This Sir Henry Wallop, being very aged,h was not present in
parliament when the protestation was taken by both houses on
May 4th, 1041 ; and, it is probable, might be ill, for his son Ro-
bert then took it. He died on November 15th, 1642 (aged
seventy-four on October 18th before his death), and was buried
in the vault with his ancestors at Farley, as the plate on his coffin
shews ; and his Lady lies buried with him, with this inscription
on her coffin:

Here lieth the body of Dame Elizabeth Wallop, Wife to Sir
Henry Wallop, Knt. who deceased the 5th Day of Novemb. 1024.
She left behind her, then living, one son and five daughters.
Which Dame Elizabeth was daughter and sole heir to Robert Cor-
'bet, of Moreton Corbet, Esq. Which Robert had to wife Anne,
daughter to John Lord St. John of Bletsoe.

Their five daughters were, *Anne, born anno l602> married
to John Dodington, of Breamer, in the county of Southampton,
Esq. and dying in her widowhood, on December 31st, 1656, lies
buried at Farley; Elizabeth, born in 1606; Catharine, born in.
16OS, both died unmarried; Bridget, wedded to Sir Henry
Worseley, of Appledur-combe, in com. Southampton, Bart.
Theodocia, fifth daughter, died unmarried, August 29th,
1656.

e Ex Collect. Brown Willis Arm. f Ibid. 5 Ibid.

h Rushw. Vol. IV. p. 244, ec seq. l Ex Collect. Nich. Charles.

VOL. IT. Y

322 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Robert Wallop, only son, k born on July 20th, l6l0, suc-
ceeded to the estate of his father, Sir Henry Wallop. He was
chosen a member for Andover to the Parliament of 21 Jac. E.i
and Knight for the county of Southampton, in the two Parlia-
ments, in the first year of Charles I. And during the remainder
of that reign for the borough of Andover, and the aforesaid

county.

(f Succeeding to his father's estate (says Noble, in his Lives
of the Regicides), he acquired all that eminent consequence,
which his ancestors had possessed in the county where they prin-
cipally resided. He was returned one of the members to repre-
sent the borough of Andover, in the parliament, called 21 James I.
and knight of the shire in the two first Parliaments of Charles I.
and, during the remainder of that reign, was constantly elected
for Andover. His prejudices against King Charles appeared be-
fore his going into the long parliament, by his refusing to contri-
bute towards carrying on a war, in which it was evident the
Scotch were the aggressors. Yet his Majesty, though he had
gone to some lengths against him, had that confidence in his ho-
nour, that he said to the Parliament, he should be willing to put
the militia into his hands, with many noblemen and others, upon
such terms as his Commissioners at Uxbridge had agreed upon ;
yet this was rejected, though he, Cromwell, and some others, in
the end, proved the most determined enemies his Majesty had. —
Constantly joined in all the subsequent votes against the King, he
was named by the army junto one of the pretended judges ; and
he complied so much with their desires, as to sit in the painted
chamber, but did not sign the warrant for the King's execution.
At the Restoration, he fell into universal contempt ; and the Par-
liament excepted him from receiving any benefit from his estate,
&c. j and, being brought to the bar of the house, he was sentenced
to be degraded from his gentility, drawn upon a sledge to, and
under the gallows of Tyburn, with a halter round his neck, and
be imprisoned for life 5 which sentence was put in force on Ja-
nuary 30th, 1662. The peculiar circumstances which induced
this sentence, so much more severe than that of others, whose
crimes appeared the same, is not known.*'

He died in the Tower of London, but was buried with his an-
cestors at Farley j departing this life on November 16th, 1667,
as the inscription on his coffin shews.

k Ex Regist. EccJ. Farley. 1 Brown Willis.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 323

He married Anne, daughter of Henry Wriothesley, Earl of
Southampton - and was succeeded in his estate by his son and
heir,

Henry Wallop, Esq. chosen one m of the representatives of
Whitchurch, in the first parliament called by Charles II. after
his restoration, which began on May 8th, l66l,n and was conti-
nued by several prorogations for seventeen years, eight months,
and seventeen days; so that he died before it was dissolved, viz. on
January 25th, l(>78-()> in the forty-fourth year of his age ; as ap-
pears from the inscription on his coffin, in the vault at Farley. He
married Dorothy, youngest daughter, and one of the four coheirs
of John Bluet, Esq. by Elizabeth, his wife, daughter of Sir John
Portman, Knt. and Bart. Which John Bluet, Esq. was pos-
sessed of one of the largest estates in the West, and was lineal heir
male to Sir William Bluet Tor Bloet, as it was anciently wrote),
said to have been living in the reign of William the Conqueror.
The said Dorothy survived many years, and is buried with him
at Farley, where, on a black marble in the chancel is this in-
scription :

In Memory

Of

The Virtuous and Exemplary Pious

Dorothy-, Daughter and Co-heir of

John Bluet, of Hoi comb Regis, in the

County of Devon, Esq.

Relict of Henry Wallop, Esq. late of this

Parish,

To both ivhich ancient Families, by her extraordinary Prudence,

Moderation,

Piety, and other eminent Graces, she added great Lustre,

Who (having had a considerable Share in those Troubles and

Difficulties «

Which attend Humanity), after a Life of the wisest Conduct *
i with relation

Both to Temporal and Spiritual Matters, died as much like a

Christian
As she lived; and into the Hands of her GOD, to whom she

had long paid

% Brown Willis. * H'm.ofEng. Vol. Ill p. 369.

324 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

A constant Devotion, she meekly resign d her pious humble

Soul,
Deer, 1st. in the Year of or. Lord 1 1704;

of her Age J 72.
That he might pay a grateful Acknowledgement to one that had

deserved so
Well of his Family, and perpetuate, for thy Imitation, so rare

an Example,

Bluet Wallop, Esq.

Her Grandson and Heir ordered this Memorial.

Their issue were four sons.

Robert, who was born ° February 20th, and baptized on
March 12th, 1054, and died in his father's life-time, unmarried;
as did Charles, his youngest son.

Henry Wallop, Esq. second son, born " on May 18th, 1657,
succeeded his father, and served for Whitchurch, in the Parliament
that met at Westminster, on March 6ih, 16/8-g,^ as also in that
which met at Oxford, on March 21st, 1680-1 ; and in King
James II. 's Parliament, and the two first Parliaments of King
William and Queen Mary. He died unmarried on December
28th, 1691, aged thirty-four years, seven months, and twenty
days, as the inscription on his coffin recites.

John Wallop, Esq. his only surviving brother and heir, suc-
ceeded to the estate. On August 14th, 1683, he r married Alicia,
third daughter and coheir of William Borlase,s of Great Marlow,
in Buckinghamshire, Esq. second son of Sir John Borlase, of
Buckmer, in the same county, Bart.

The said John Wallop, Esq. was buried with his ancestors at
Farley, on January 29th, 1694, Alicia his wife surviving him, by
whom he bad issue five sons and two daughters;

1. Bluet Wallop, born on August 8th, 1684, hereafter men-
tioned.

2. Henry, who was born on November 27th, 1 686, and died
March 9th, 169O.

3. John, first Lord Viscount Lymington, and Earl of Ports-
mouth.

4. William, who was born on April 30th, 1692, and died on
June 24th following.

• Ex Eccl. Farley. P Ibid. q Ex Collect. B. Willis.

t Ex Autogr. penes Joh. Com. Portsmouth. .» 1 C. 26-111. in Her. Coll.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 325

5. Robert, who after* his travels in Germany, France, and Hol-
land, died in the nineteenth year of his age, on January 2/th, 1714,
and was buried at Farley.

Elizabeth, who was born on September IQth, 1685, and was
buried at Farley, on May 4th, l/OO, unmarried.

Mary was married to Henry, Lord Herbert of Chirbury, and
was first Lady of the Bed-chamber to Anne Princess of Orange.
She died October 19th, 1770.

His eldest son, Bluet Wallop, Esq. succeeded to the estate,
and died unmarried in the twenty-fourth year of his age, on Oc-
tober 30th, 1707, whereupon the estate devolved on his next bro-
ther and heir,

John, first Earl of Portsmouth, born on April 15th,
169O, who was by George I. in consideration of his great abili-
ties and merits, advanced to the dignity of a Peer of this realm,
by the title of Baron Wallop, of Farley -Wallop, in the county
of Southampton; also to the title of Viscount Lymington, in
the same county, by letters-patent bearing date June 1 lth (1720)
6 George I. the preamble thereof being as fo!lows : " Since of
all the privileges that belong to the supreme authority, we esteem
that to be the most valuable, which enables us to give a just re-
ward to those men who deserve well of their country: — We have
determined to place among the Peers, our trusty and well-beloved
John Wallop, Esq. one of the Lords of our Treasury; of a very
ancient, and during the reign of our Royal ancestors the Saxons
in this island, of an illustrious family.

" But we having had experience, in his executing public af-
fairs, of those virtues that before adorned a private life, candour
of manners, integrity of mind, and skilfulness in business; we
are persuaded that the honours of the Peerage will neither be
greater than his merit, nor conferred upon him sooner than they
were expected by all good men."

His Lordship was chosen one of the Knights for the county of
Southampton, in the Parliament called to meet on March 17'b,
1714-15, as also one of the burgesses for Andover. And on April
13th, 171 7> was constituted one of the Lords Commissioners of
the Treasury, and re-chosen for the county of Southampton,
whilst he was a commoner; and also continued in the Commission
of the Treasury.

On January Uth, 1732-3, his Lordship was constituted Lord

* Ex Inscrip. in Cancel. Eccl. Farley.

326 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Warden and Chief Justice in Eyre of all his Majesty's forests,
parks, chases, and warrens beyond Trent. On September 3d,
1/33, he was constituted Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorura
of the county of Southampton, and of the town of Southampton,
and county of the same ; likewise by patent of the same date,
Lord Warden and Keeper of New Forest, aud the duckoys in the
said Forest, and of the manor and park of Lindhurst, and hundred
of Rudberg, in the county of Southampton} also, November 2d,
the same year, made Vice- Admiral of the county of Southampton ;
and July 4th, 1734, Vice-Admiral of the Isle of Wight.

His Lordship, on the surrender of his place of Lord Warden
and Chief Justice in Eyre, was constituted, July 12th, 1734, Go-
vernor and Captain of the Isle of Wight, Captain of the castle of
Carisbroke, and all other castles and fortresses in the said Isle ;
also Constable of the castle of Carisbroke, and likewise Steward,
Surveyor, Receiver, and BailifF of all manors, lands, woods, re-
venues, &c. within the said island.

In 1742, his Lordship surrendered his place of Governor of the
Isle of Wight, and soon after gave up his posts of Lord Warden
of New Forest, Lord Lieutenant of the county of Southampton,
&c. but his Majesty taking into consideration his eminent ser-
vices, was pleased to advance him to the honour of Earl of
Portsmouth, in the county of Southampton, by letters-patent
dated April 11th, 1743. And on February 22d, 1745, he was
again pleased to confer on his Lordship the government of the
Isle of Wight.

His Lordship on May 26th, 1716, married the Lady Bridget,
eldest daughter to Charles Bennet, Earl of Tankerville, by whom
he had issue,

1. Bridget, born February 20th, 1716-17, who died June 26th,
1736, unmarried. •

2. John Viscount Lymington, hereafter mentioned.

3. Borlase, born on June 3d, 1720, who took to a military life,
and was first an Ensign in the royal regiment of Foot Guards ;
and afterwards Aid de Camp to General Wentworth in the expe-
dition to Caithagena in 1741 ; but being immediately after seized
with a burning fever, he died in April that year, unmarried.

4. Mary, born August 17th, 1721, and died April 13th, 1722.

5. Charles, born December 12th, 1722, who, in 1747, was

u By this alliance many of Sir Isaac Newton's MSS. came into possession of
the present Earl.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 327

chosen Member of Parliament for Whitchurch, and died at Hack-
ney, in Middlesex, August 12th, 177 1, unmarried.

6. Anne, who died on March 7th, 1759*

7. Bluet, born April 27th, 1726, who was Page of Honour to
his Majesty, and attended on him in the campaign in 1743 5 in
1744 he also served in Flanders, and on May 11th, N. S. 1745,
was in the battle of Fontenoy. He was Equerry to the Duke of
Cumberland, and was with him at the battle of Culloden, on
April l6th, 1745, being Captain in the Regiment of Buffs; and
died aged twenty-three, on June 6th, 1/49, having been chosen,
in 1747, member for Newport, in the Isle of Wight.

8. Elizabeth, buried at Farley, June 20th, 1727.

9. Henry. And,

10. Bennet, who both died infants.

John Wallop, Viscount Lymington, born August 3d, 1718,
who, on July 12th, 1740, married Catharine, daughter and sole
heir of John Conduit, of Cranbery, in com. Southamp. by Catha-
rine his wife, daughter of Robert Barton, Esq. and niece and co-
heir of the celebrated Sir Isaac Newton.11 His Lordship served
in the 9th and 10th Parliaments of Great Britain for the borough
of Andover, and died in 1749, leaving four sons.

1. John, second Earl of Portsmouth.

2. Henry, member of Parliament for Whitchurch, in Hamp-
shire, 17^8; and in August 1765, was appointed one of the
Grooms of the Bedchamber to his Majesty ; died in August 1794,
aged fifty-two.

3. The Hon. and Rev. Barton Wallop, A.M. Rector of Upper
Wallop, and Clidesden cum Farleigh, in Hampshire, and Master
of Magdalen College, Cambridge, died at the Parsonage House at
Upper Wallop, September 1st, 1JT81 , having married, in May
1771, Camilla Powlett Smith, daughter of the Rev. Mr. Smith
(by the granddaughter and heir of Lord William Powlett), sister
to Powlett Smith Powlett, Esq. of Sombourne, and Crux-Easton,
Hants ; by whom he had issue Urania Catharine Camilla, born
November 23d, 17/4; and a posthumous son, William Barton
Wallop, formerly in the 15th Dragoons, and now a Captain in
the Nova Scotia Fencibles, who married, September nth, I8O7,
Miss Ward, of St. John's, in New Brunswick, in North Ame-
rica.

4. Bennet, born January 2gth, 1745.

Also a daughter, Catharine, born January 3d, 1746, married
October 3d, 1770, the Hon. Lockhart Gordon, younger brother to

328 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the late Earl of Aboyne, whose widow she now is, and has issue
the Rev. Lockhart Gordon j Loudon Gordon, lately in the Army;
and a daughter, &c.

The Viscountess Lymington, his relict, died on April 15th,
1750, and was interred by the remains of her father in Westmin-
ster Abbey.

Her Ladyship died of an apoplexy in the forty-third year of her
age, at Lindhurst (the King's house in New Forest), on October
12th, 1738, and was buried in the vault belonging to the family
at Farley.

His Lordship, on June 4th, 1741, married, secondly, Elizabeth,
eldest daughter to James Lord Griffin, and relict of Henry Grey,
of Billingbeer, in the county of Berks, Esq, but by her had no
issue.

He died in the seventy-second year of his age, on November
23d, 17^2j being then Governor and Captain of the Isle of
Wight, Captain and Constable of Carisbroke-castle, and Steward,
Surveyor, &c. of all manors, lands, woods, revenues, &c. within
the said Island j and was succeeded by his grandson, John, eldest
son of John Viscount Lymington, beforementioned.

The said John, second Earl of Portsmouth, married, on
August 27th, 1763, Urania, daughter of Coulson Fellows, of
Hampstead, in Middlesex; and of Eggsford, Devonshire, Esq.
who was returned one of the Knights for Huntingdonshire in par-
liament, from 1741 to 1754, inclusive. By her his Lordship had
issue ;

J. John-Charles, present Earl,

2. Lady Urania Annabella, born June 1st, 1769.
- 3. Lady Camilla Mary, born November 8th, 1770, died Sep-
tember 10th, 1789.

4. Newton, born June 26th, 1772, who succeeding to the
estates of his maternal uncle, Henry Arthur Fellowes, Esq. of
Eggsford, in Devonshire, has taken the name and arms of Fel-
lowes, by his Majesty's licence, dated August 9th, 1794} and
married, January 30th, 1795, Frances, youngest daughter of the
Rev. Castell Sherard, of Huntingdonshire, by whom he has issue^
1. Fanny Jane Urania, born December 25th, 1796. 2. Henri-
etta Caroline, born July 10th, 1798. 3. Henry Arthur Wallop,
born October 29th, 1799. 4. Newton John Alexander, born
March 27th, 1801 j died September following. 5. Louisa Mary,
born July 23d, 1802$ died March, 1803. He has represented
Andover in several Parliaments.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH. 329

5. Coulson Wallop, born September 19th, 1774$ a Captain in
the South Hants Militia, 1794; M.P. for Andover, 1796; mar-
ried, April 2d, 1802, Miss Catharine Townly Keatinge, daugh-
ter of Maurice Keatinge, Esq. and died without issue at Verdun,
in France, August 31, I8O7.

6. Lady Henrietta Dorothea, born May 6th, 178O.

7. Lady Emma Maria, born August 13th, 1781, died May 22d,
1798.

8. William Fellowes Wallop, born May 20th, 1784, died at
school November 20th, 1 79O.

His Lordship died May 16th, 1797 j and was succeeded by his
eldest son and heir,

John Charles, present and third Earl, born Decemberl8th,
1767, married November 19th, 1799* the Hon. Grace Norton,
sister to William, present Lord Grantley : but has no issue.

Titles. John Charles Wallop, Earl of Portsmouth, Viscount
Lymington, and Baron Wallop of Farley- Wallop.

Creations. Baron Wallop of Farley- Wallop, and Viscount Ly-
mington, in com. Southamp. June I lth, 1720^ 6 George I. j and
Earl of Portsmouth, April 11th, 1743, 16 George II.

Arms. Argent, a bend wavey, Sable.

Crest. On a wreath, a mermaid, holding in her dexter hand a
comb, in the other a mirror, all proper.

Supporters. Two chamois, or wild goats, Sable.

Motto. En suivant la Verite.

Chief-Seats. At Hursbourne, near Andover (rebuilt about
thirty years ago) ; and at Farley-Wallop, near Basingstoke, in the
county of Southampton,

330 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

GREVILE, EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF
WARWICK.

The name of this family was anciently wrote Graville, or Gre~
ville (with or without the final e), and sometimes Grevel. The
learned Leland, in his Itinerary of England, which he wrote in
the reign of Henry VIII. in the frequent mention he makes of
this family, uses the two first of those names promiscuously. He
says, ' aSum hold opinion that the Gravities cam originally in at
the Conquest. hThe veri ancient house of the Gravilles, is at
Draiton, by Banburi, in Oxfordshire. But there is an nother
manor place of the chief Stok of the Gravilles, caullid Milcot, yn
Warwickshire, where a late, as at a newer, fairer, and more com •

modious house thei used to ly at. c And court rolls remayne

yet at Draiton, that the Grevilles (had) lands ons by yere 3300
marks.

f And Gravilles had Knap Castel, and Bewbusch Parke, and
other landes in Southsax, by descents of their name.

' dGrevill, an ancient Gent, dwelleth at Milcote, scant a mile
lower than Stratford, towards Avon ripa dextra.' e

* Itin. Vol. IV. Part i. fol. 16. b Ibid. Vol. VI. fol. 19.

c Ibid. Vol. IV. Parti, fol. 16. * Ibid. Part ii. fol. 167.

e These and other authorities, together with the name itself, which plainly
appears to be Norman, sufficiently evince the great antiquity of this family in
England : yet the fust of them I meet with on record, is in 1294,* when Wil-
liam Grevill died seised of the manors of Inglethwait and Awldtoftcs, in the
county of York} and of the office of chief forester of Galteres, with the juris-
diction there.

Esc. 23 Edw. I. n. 69.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 331

But whatever be the antiquity of this came, it stands on autho-
rity too notorious to make the mention of it indelicate, that the
present very honourable, and it may be added, illustrious house,
took their rise, like many others, whose wealth and titles have
now been for ages sanctioned by time, from commmerce ; and in
that line which has ever been the staple commodity of the coun-
try, the woollen trade.

William Grevile, a citizen of London, and the flower of the
wool-staplers there, was latterly seated at Campden, where he lies
buried, with his first wife, under a Jarge blue flat stone, with brass
figures ; and the following inscription :

" Hie jacet Willielmus Grevil, de Campeden, quondam Civis
London, et Jlos mercatorum Lanar. totius Anglice, qui obiit primo
die mensis Octobris, Anno Domini Milesimo CCCCL

" Hie jacet Mariana uxor prcedicti Willielmi, qu<e obiit decimo
die mensis Septembris Anno Dom. Milesimo CCCLXXXVI. quo-
rum animabus propicietur Deus Amen" f

This William, and his father, William, were both living in
21 Richard II. and the father being wrote William Grevil, of
Campeden, lent the King 300 marks (a great sum in those days)j
and August 10th, 1397, sthe King acknowledges the receipt of
the said loan from him, and promises payment thereof in the
Quindens of Easter next.

The year after, William, the son, having purchased the ma-
nor of Milcote, in com. Warwick, of Sir Walter Beauchamp,
Knt. he, to strengthen his title, obtained a release, bearing date
at Milcote, November 5th, 1398,h from William de Peto, cousin
and heir to Geffery de Langly, whose right it was in the reign of
Edward III. And being so possessed thereof, entailed it by fine/

After him was John Grevil!, with whom the learned Camden begins his cu-
rious and accurate pedigree of the family (the original roll of which is in the
poss3ssion of the pnsent Earl of Warwick.) This John Grevill died before 33
Edward III.* when there was a plea between Margaret, the wife of the said John,
and Richard de Caurs, and Jabel his wife, concerning the Wardship of William
Grevill, the son and heir of the said John.

f See it engraved in Bigland's Gloucestershire, I. 283.

JE Rymer's Feeders, Tom. VIII. p. 9 and 80.

h Dugdale's Antiq. of Warwickshire, first Edit. p. 526, 520.

* Rot. Fin. 2 Henry IV. m. $.

* Placita ^^ Edward III. Rot. 85.

332 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

on the issue male of his body by Joan, then his wife, and for
want of such issue male, upon his sons, by a former wife, Mari-
ana, who died 1386, John, and Lodowick, and the issue male of
their bodies successively, with remainder to his right heirs. He
died in 3 Henry IV. as appears by his monument beforemen-
tioned, and by the probate of his last will and testament, which
bears date at Campeden, April 2d, 1401. Hek therein orders his
body to be buried in the church of the blessed Virgin Mary of
Campeden, and bequeaths 100 marks to the repairs of it : also
2001. to maintain four Chaplains to say Mass in the said church
for ten years following, for his soul, and the souls of his ancestors.
He bequeaths his manors, lands, &c. to Joan his wife, John Gre-
vill, his son, and Richard Brotbeil, his Executors ; and appoints
Sir Roger Hatton, Abbot of Evesham, and Sir William Bradley,
Supervisors. The said Joan, his second wife,1 was sister and heir of
Sir Philip Thornbury, Knt. and lived a long time after him. But
this Lady having brought him no sons, the entail beforementioned
took place, with regard to John, his son and heir, and Lodowick,
that he had by Margaret, his first wife, mby whom he likewise
had issue Mary, the wife of John Gifford, of Harpre, Esq. and
Alice, of Edmond Ludlow, Esq.

Which John Grevill resided also nat Campeden, and being
° Sheriff of Gloucestershire, and the Marches of Wales, in 6
Henry IV. bore for his arms, P Or, on a cross engrailed, within
the like border Sable, ten annulets ofthejirst, with a mullet of Jive
points in the dexter quarter. And I presume he was the same
John Grevill, who, in 8 Henry V. had the King's pardon for all
transgressions, Mn that he, and Sibil his wife, daughter and heir
of Sir Robert Corbet, deceased, entered on the lands and tene-
ments, which Joan, the wife of the said Sir Robert, held in dower.
But he had another wife, 'Joyce, daughter of Sir Walter Coke-

sey, Knt. and sister and heir to Hugh, and s widow of

Beauchamp, by whom he had issue,

John, his son and heir, who resided atCherlton Regis, in com.
Gloucester ; and by the death of Joan,1 his grandfather's second
wife, in 28 Henry VI. came to possess the manor of Milcote
(which she held during life), and thereupon made that seat his

k Ex Regisr. voc. Arundell, Vol. I. fol. 183. ] Esc. 28 Henry VI.

» Ex Steramat?, per Camden praed. n Rot. Fin. Cu Henry IV. m. 29.

0 Ibid. P Dugdale, p. 530. 1 Pat. 8 Henry V. m. 14.

t Camden ut antea. s MS. Sr. George. Praed.

t Rot. Fin. 28 Henry VI. m. 16.

X '

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 3S3

residence. But before this he was u chosen one of the Knights
for Gloucestershire, in 2 Henry V. and in four other Parliaments,
viz. from the last of Henry V. to the thirteenth of Henry VI.
And after residing in Warwickshire," he was in the commission of
the peace for the said county, and y Sheriff of that and Leicester-
shire in 1 Edward IV. In 5 Edward IV.Z he had the honour of
Knighthood conferred on him ; and in 13th Edward IV.a had
livery of the lands descended to him by the death of his mother.
The same year he was Sheriff13 of Warwickshire and Leicester-
shire, as also a third time, in 17 Edward IV. He bore the same
Arms as his father did, excepting the Annulets upon the Cross,
as appears by his picture, together with his wife, both kneeling in
their Surcoats of Arms, in the east window of the parish church at
Binton, in Warwickshire.. He departed this life August 6th, 1480,
and by his last will/ desired to be buried in St. Ann's Chapel, in
the church of Weston super Avon.

Thomas, his only son and heir, was d twenty -six years of age
at the decease of his father j and in respect of the inheritance he
enjoyed by descent from his grandmother, assumed the surname
of Cokesey ; and having livery of his father's lands^ was the same
year, 20 Edward IV.e constituted Sheriff of Warwickshire and
Leicestershire. His chief residence was at Milcote; and at the
coronation of Henry VII. he f was one of the Knights of the
Bath then created. In 1487, he was made § a Knight Banneret,
for his valiant behaviour in the battle of Stoke, June 16th. In
4 Henry VII. he was hone of the Commissioners of Array in the
county of Warwick, for sending archers, &c, into Britany, in re-
lief of thatDachyj and the year after was constituted 'one of
the Justices for jail delivery in Warwickshire ; also in 6 Hen. VII.
k Commissioner for arraying of men in defence of this realm, then
in danger of an invasion from Charles IX. king of France. This
Sir Thomas died in 14 Henry VII.1 leaving no issue by Elizabeth

« Pryn's Brevia Pari. Part i. p. 113. and Part IV. p. 503.

x Pat. ab an. 39 Henry VI. usq. 7 Edward IV. in d.

y Rot. 1 Fin. Edward IV. m. 3a. z Pat. 5 Edward IV. p. It in d. m. 30.

a Rot. Fin. 13 Edward IV. m. 3.

b Ibid. m. 30. and 17 Edward IV. m. 11.

c Lib. 3. Test, in P„egist. Episc. Wigorn, fol. 24.

d Eic. 20 Edward IV. n. 72. e Rot. Fin. 20 Edward IV. m. 3.

t MS. Nom. Equit. in Bibl. Cotton Claudius, C. 3. p. 21.

g Ibid. p. 14. J» Patr 4 Henry VII. m. 20.

I Pit. 5 Henry VII. p. 1. m. 18. k Pat. 6 Henry VII. m. 5.

1 Pat. 15 Henry VII. p. 1. m.4.

334 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

his wife, daughter to William Lord Herbert -, whereupon Robert
Russel, and Robert Winter, were found to be his cousins, and
heirs, and inherited the lands of the Cokeseys. But by force of
the entail, made in 2 Henry IV. the manor of Milcote, and other
manors and lands of the Grevills, resorted to John Grevill, great
grandchild to Lodowick, second son to William Grevill, of
Campden.

This Lodowick (or Lewis), took to wife m Margaret, sole
daughter and heir of Sir Giles Ardenev of Drayton, near Banbury,
in Oxfordshire. Leland n says, e The first notable encrease of
the Landes of Graville, of Draiton, cam by one Lewis Graville,
that married Margaret, the daughter and heir of a noble, caullid
Syr Giles Ardene. The wife of the which Syr Giles was named
Philip, and she likewise was a woman born to fair landes. So
that the possessions of Giles and Philip, descended onto Lewys
Graville, whose fair tumbe is yet sene in the paroche chirch of
Draiton.' By this marriage, Lodowick settled at Draiton, the
seat of that ancient family, and being possessed of that rich inhe-
ritance, raised this branch of the family of Grevills to so eminent
a degree, that Leland (as mentioned before), says, they were once
possessed of 3300 marks per annum : an immense estate in those
days. The same author adds, ° * Gravilles of Drayton claime to
be heyres to the Lord Denham.' This claim has probably been
founded on the rights of the house of Ardene : but that family
has lain so long extinguished in the male line, as with certainty
now it cannot be cleared in that point. Leland p is farther so
particular, as to give an account how this great estate, by the
fraud of one Somerton (to whom it came bequeathed in trust,
without a proper declaration of uses), and by the extravagance of
the grandfather of Grevill, of Draiton, then living (in the time of
Henry VIII.), came to be reduced to 400 marks per annum. By
this marriage Lodowick had four sons.

1 . William, his heir.

2. Richard, who was Knight for <i Oxfordshire, in 8 Henry V.

3. Robert. rAnd,

4. John,s the father of Richard Grevill, of Lemington, in
Gloucestershire, who had issue William Grevill,1 made Serjeant

» Ex Stem, per Camden, & Lilly, p. Sz.

n Itin. Vol. IV. Fart. I. fol. 16. ° Ibid. fol. 17,

P Ibid. fol. 16. 1 Pryn's Brev. Pari. Part 1. p. izj.

' Ex Collect. Tho. Meller. s Camden.

t Dugd. Chron. Series, p. 77.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 335

at law, in 20 Henry VII. and in 1 Henry VIIL constituted uone
of the Justices of the Common Pleas.

The aforesaid Lodowick Grevill died at Drayton, in Oxford-
shire, x August 28th, 143S, and was buried at Drayton, being
succeeded by his eldest son,

William/ who married z Anne, daughter of Sir Robert Fran-
cis, of Formark, in com. Derb. Knt. and departing a this life, in
lp Henry VII. was succeeded by

Ralph Grevill, his son and heir, who took to wife Margaret,b
daughter and coheir of Thomas Poyntz, of Frampton-Cottrell, in
the county of Gloucester, Esq. and by this marriage the Grevills,
his descendants, have the right of quartering the arms of five an-
cient and honourable families ; viz. of Poyntz, Bardolph, Mallet,
Clanebow, and Acton.c By this Lady he left a son and heir,

John Grevill, who on the death of Sir Thomas Grevill, alias
Cooksey, in 14 Henry VII. as aforesaid, succeeded to the Lord-

!l Par. 1 Henry VIII. p. a. n. 31. x Inscript. Tumuli apud Draiton.

y Ibid. • z Camden ut antea. a Dogdale, p. 534.

b Camden ut antea.

c In the reign of King }.>hn, Nicholas Poinz (or, as it was afterwards written,
Poyntz),* taking part with the rebellious Barons, was disseised of his lands, then
lying in the counties of Somerset, Dorset, and Gloucester; but upon returning
to his obedience, f he had restitution in 18 John. He had to wife, Julian, sister
and heir of Henry Bardolph, of How, in Kent, by whom J he had Hugh, his
son and heir, who married Hawise, sister and coheir to William Mallet, of Cory-
Mallet, in the county of Somerset, and dying in 4 Henry III. by her left Nicho-
las, his son and heir. This Nicholas Poyntz died in 1 Edward I. then seised of
the manor of Cory-Mallet, and left Hugh his son and heir, who || was summoned
to parliament, by the title of Lord Poyntz, Baron of Cory-Mallet, from 27 Ed-
ward I. until 1 Edward II. in which year he died, leaving Nicholas, his son and
heir, who was likewise summoned to parliament, in zf 3, and 4 of Edward II.
He was twice married : by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Eudo la Zouch,
he had a son and heir, Hugh, from whose second son § the Poyntzes, who set-
tled in Gloucestershire, were descended j and by his second wife, Maud,** who
died in 35 Edward III. and was sister and heir of Sir John Acton, he had a son,
John Poyntz, of Iron-Acton. Which John married Philippa, one of the cousins
and heirs of Thomas Clanebow, by whom he had a son, Robert Poyntz, of Iron-
Acton, who married Catharine, daughter of Thomas Berkley, alias Fitz-Nicols,
and by her left a younger son, Thomas Poyntz, of Frampton Cottrell, whose
daughter and coheir, Margaret, was married to the aforesaid Ralph Grevill.

* Clans. 17 Joh. m, 17. f Claus. 18 Joh. m. 5.

J Dugd. Bar. Vol. II. p. i} and 2. And Camden ut antea.
Dugd. Bar. $ Ibid. ** Camden ut antea.

336 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

ship and manor of Milcote, and other the ancient demesnes of the
Grevills. In 15 Henry VII.d he was one of the Justices for the
Gaol-delivery at Warwick,e and also in the Commission of the
peace for the county. He married f Jane, daughter of Sir Hum-
phrey Forster, of Harpeden, com. Oxon, and had issue,

1. Edward, his son and heir. And,

2. Robert,? who left two daughters, his coheirs j Dorothy, wife
of Edward Morgan ; and Anne, of Thomas Nevill, Esqrs.

Edward was in the Commission of the peace for Warwick-
shire in 1 Henry VIII. and having been at the sieges of Teroven
and Tournay, and the battle, called by our historians the battle
of Spurs,11 he received the honour of Knighthood on October 13th,
for his valiant behaviour. In 12 Henry VIII. he was one of the
Knights1 appointed to attend the King and Queen to Canterbury,
and from thence to Calais, and Guisnes, to the meeting of Fran-
cis I. the French King; every one of that degree having a Chap-
lain, eleven servants, and eight horses. In 13 Henry VIII. he
obtained the Wardship of Elizabeth, one of the daughters, and at
last the sole heir, of Edward Willoughby, the only son of Robert
Lord Brooke ; a grant, which, in its consequences, greatly contri-
buted to aggrandize his Family, as will appear from what fol-
lows.

He married Anne, daughter of John Denton, of Amersden, in
the county of Bucks,k by whom he had four sons.

1. John, his eldest son and heir.

2. Fulke, of whose posterity I am principally to treat.

3. Thomas. And, 4. Edward, who died without issue.

He departed this life in 20 Henry VIII. and was buried in St.
Ann's Chapel, in the church of Weston upon Avon, according to
the appointment of his will.

John Grevill, of Milcote and Drayton, his eldest son, was one
of the Knights for the county of Warwick, in 30 Henry VIII.
and being knighted at the Coronation of Edward VI. died on
November 25th the year following, leaving by his wife Elizabeth,
daughter of John Spencer, of Hodnet, Esq. an only son,

Sir Edward Grevill, of Milcote,1 who married the daughter

d Pat. 15 Henry VII. m. 14. e Dugdale. f Camden,

g Ibid. h MS. Claudius, C. 3. in Bibl. Cotton.

i MS. Not. B. 5. in Bibl. Joh. Anstis, Arm. nup. Gart. Reg. Aim. & Ry-
mer's Fcedera, Tom. 13. p. 710, & seq.

k Camden ut antea. • Ibid.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 337

and coheir of William Wellington, of Burcheston, in com. Warw.
Esq. by whom he had an only son,

Lodowickj who, by his wife Thomasine, daughter of Sir
William Petre, Knt. left an only son,

Edward, who was knighted,m and married Joan, daughter of
Sir Thomas Bromley, Chancellor of England, by whom he had
11 seven daughters ; Martha, married to Sir Arthur Ingram, Knt.

Catherine, to Ingram, Esq.} Joice, to William Whitacre,

Esq.} Margaret, to Edward Pcnnel, Esq.} Jane, Elizabeth, and
Constance, who all died unmarried } also an only son, John, who
died unmarried, before his father. Sir Edward being much in-
volved in debt0 (with the consent of Sir Arthur Ingram, who
married Martha, one of his daughters), sold his whole estate to
Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex. Arid thus the elder branch
of the family of the Grevills of Milcote, came to *»*» extinct.

I now return to Fulke, second son to Sir Edward GreviU, and
brother to Sir John Grevill aforesaid. This Fulke had to wife,
Elizabeth leforementioned, the ward of his father, one of the
greatest heiresses then in England, and by her had a numerous
issue. She was not only sole heir of the family of Willoughby
of Brooke, by her father, but by her grandmother was descended
from the old Earls of Warwick,*' and heir to one of the most con-
siderable branches of that illustrious family.

m Camden ut antea. * MS. St. George.

° MS. penes Francisc. Comit. Brooke.

P In this family, which gave a succession of Earls for upwards of four hundred
years, and fell at last by its own weight, is exhibited a remarkable instance of the
dignity, wealth, and power, of the ancient English Nobility, as well as of the un-
certainty of human grandeur.

Of the several descendants sprung from that of Warwick, all of which are either
now extinct, or their estates and honours transferred by heiresses into other fami-
lies, few have been more considerable, and none came farther down in a descent of
males, than that of Alcester, and Powyke } from an heiress of which, Sir Fulke,
Lord Brooke, was lineally descended. * Walter de Beauchamp, be foremen tioned,
of Alcester, ibe founder of that family, was brother to Willbm, the first Earl
of Warwick of the Beauchamp line, being second son of William de Beauchamp
of Elmely, by Isabel, in her own right, Countess of Warwick. This Walter,
besides the moiety of the manor of Alcester, in the county of Warwick, which
he purchased, had one of his principal seats, Beauchamp-Crjurt, near that town,
and another, at Powyke, in Worcestershire. In 53 Henry III. he was signed
with the cross for a pilgrimage into the Holy Land, and had a legacy of two hun-

* Dugd. Bar. Vol. I. p. 248, &c.
VOL. IV. Z

S3B PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

As the sole heir of her grandmother, the said Elizabeth came
to be seized in fee of the whole manor of Alcester, in consequence
of which, letters patent of exemplification (in the possession of the

dred marks bequeathed to him by his father, for the better performance of that
voyage. He was Steward of the household to Edward I. and attended that King
to Flanders, and into Scotland, where he was with him at the battle of Falkirk,
July 2zd, 1298. In the 29th of his reign, he was one of those Lords in the par-
liament at Lincoln, who then signified to the Pope, under their seals, the supe-
riority of King Edward over the realm of Scotland, being there ftyled, Dominui de
Alcester. He died in 1303.

To him succeeded Walter, his eldest son, who, the year after his father's
death, went in the expedition then made into Scotland} as he did at several other
times, during the reign of that King, and of his successor. In 13 17, soon after
the death of Guy de Beauchamp. *-rt of Warwick, his kinsman, he had custody
of all the lands belonging «> Warwick-Castle, together with that castle, during
the minority °* nis heir. In 1327, he had a special commission to execute the
oflGcc Of Constable of England in a particular case. In the year following he died,
leaving no issue, and was succeeded by his brother William. This William wsj
likewise a military man, and had attended Edward I. in several of his expeditions
into Flanders and Scotland. In 10 Edward II. he had the Sheriffship of Wor-
cestershire granted to him, during the minority of the heir of his kinsman Guy
Earl of Warwick. In 14 Edward II. he was made Governor of St. Briavel's
castle, in the county of Gloucester, and of the Forest of Dean j and in the year
following, was constituted one of the King's Commissioners for the safe custody
of the city of Worcester. He died without issue, and to him succeeded his
brother Giles; who, in the 14th of Edward III. obtained licence to fortify his
manor-house at Alcester, called Beauchamp'? -Court, with a wall of stone and
lime, and to embattle it; and in 16 Edward III. had the like licence to fortify
his house at Fresh-water, in the Isle of Wight. This Giles left issue, John, his
son and heir; of whom there is little remarkable, only that in 3 Richard II. he
was in the expedition then made into France.

About this rime sprung* from the family of Alcester, the branch of the Beau-
champs of Bletsho ; the first of v/hom was Roger, grandson to the above-men-
tioned Walter de Beauchamp, of Alcester and Powyke. Which Roger had (34
Edward III.) in right of his wife, Sybil (eldest of the sisters, and co-heiress of
Sir William Patshall, Knt.) the manor of Bletnesho, or Bletsho, and other lands,
in the county of Bedford ; whereupon, making Bletsho his chief seat, both he
and his posterity were denominated of that place. He was summoned to parlia-
ment from 37 Edward III. to the 3d of Richard II. by the title of Lord Beau-
champ of Bletsho. In the 14th of Henry IV. John Lord Beauchamp of Bletsho
(lineal descendant of this Roger), died, leaving one son and a daughter. John the
son died unmarried, and Margaret, his sister, becoming sole heir of this family,
was married, first, to Sir Oliver Sr. John (of whom the Lords St. John of Blet-
sho, as also the Viscounts Bolingbroke, are descended), and afterwards to John
Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. Of this last marriage the only issue was Marga-

• Dwgd, Bar. Vol. I. p. 251.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 339

present Earl Brooke), were granted, 3 Eliz. to her, then a widow,
confirming all the grants of fairs, markets, &c. made in the time
of her ancestors, in behalf of the manor of Alcester. And as the

ret,* married to Edward of Hadham, Earl of Richmond, and by him mother to
Henry VII.

But to return to John de Beauchamp, of Alcester, the son of Giles. He had
two sons j Sir William, who succeeded to him ; and Sir Walter, by whom an-
other noble family branched out from that of Alcester, f viz. the Beauchamps,
Lords St. Amand : for William, the son of this Sir Walter, having married Eli-
zabeth, the eldest of the daughters and coheirs of Gerrard de Baybrooke, cousin
and heir to Almeric de St. Amand (a Baron of great antiquity), had summons to
parliament in 27 Henry VI. by the title of Lord Beauchamp of St. Amand. This
branch, however, failed soon in Richard de Beauchamp, Lord St. Amand, who
died in 1508, without lawful issue.

Sir William de Beauchamp, of Alcester, eldest son of the said John, having
succeeded to his father, was, in 16 Richard II. made Constable of the Castle of
Gloucester ; in 3 Henry IV. Sheriff of Worcestershire ; and in I Henry V. of
Gloucestershire. And having married Catharine, one of the daughters of Ger-
rard de Ufflete, left issue, Sir John Beauchamp, Knt. who purchased, from Tho-
mas de Botreaux, the other moiety of the manor of Alcester, which had continued
in that family for divers descents. In 17 Henry VI. upon the death of Richard
Earl of Warwick, this Sir John de Beauchamp was constituted one of the Com-
missioners for the guardianship of all his castles and lands, during the minority
of Henry, his son and heir. And in 25th Henry VI. in consideration of the
good and acceptable service performed by him to that King, and to Henry V. his
father, he was by patent advanced to the title and dignity of Lord Beauchamp,
Baron of Powyke 5 and had an annuity of sixty pounds, out of the fee-farm of
the city of Gloucester, granted to him and his heirs, for the better support of
the honour. He was at the same time constituted Justice of South- Wales, with
power to exercise that office by himself or his sufficient deputy.J He was one
of the Knights of the Garter; and in 28 Henry VL was made Lord-Treasurer
of England ; in which office, however, he continued not full two years. He died
in 1478, leaving Sir Richard Beauchamp, Knt. then forty years of age, his son
and heir.

This Richard, Lord Beauchamp, wedded Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Humphry-
Stafford, Knt. in the private chapel of the manor-house of Beauchamp's Court,
by virtue of a special licence from the Bishop of Worcester. He died in 18
Henry VII. leaving by this Elizabeth, his wife, three daughters; Elizabeth,
Anne, and Margaret, his heirs. ||Elizabeth, eldest daughter, was married to
Robert Willoughby, Lord Brooke; Anne, .to William Lygon,^ in the county of
Worcester, Esq.; and Margaret, to Richard Read, in the county ef Gloucester,
Esq. Which Elizabeth had the manor of Alcester, in reversion after her father's

* Dugd. Bar. Yol. II. p. 237. t lbid- Vo*-L P- *5*«

J Stemm. Gull. Camden praed.

|| MS. Aut. Tho. Spencer, penes Francisc. Comit. Brooke, p. 2,

$ Ancestor by her to the present Lord Beauchamp of Powyke, ao created 1804*

340 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

sole heir of her grandfather, it appears, by an inquisition taken
after her death (dated 6 Elizabeth, also in possession of the Earl
Brooke), that she died seised in fee, not only of the manor of
Alcester, but of sundry other manors and lands, in the counties
of Warwick, Worcester, Gloucester, Leicester, Lincoln, Somer-
set, and divers other counties ; the whole amounting to so great
a value, that she might well have been esteemed one of the richest
heiresses of her time, as well as one of the best descended. Hav-
ing thus mentioned the descent of this great Lady, whose descent

death, settled upon her at her marriage;* her two sisters, having afterwards, for
their provision, Powyke, and other lands, in the county of Worcester.

Robert Willo'ighby, Lord Brooke, was son to Sir Robert Willoughby; who (be-
ing son and heir to John Willoughby, a younger son of the family seated at
Eresby, by Anne his wife, one of the daughters and coheirs of Sir Edmund Che-
ney, of Brooke, in the county of Wilts), in consideration of his singular services
and fidelity to Henry VII. was, in the seventh year of the feign of that King,
raised by writ of summons to the dignity of a Baron of this realm, by the title of
Lord Brooke; taken from the place of his residence^ Brooke (near Westbury), in
Wiltshire, SO called from the rivulet that runs there. This Robert Willoughby,
the second Lord Brooke, having married the said Elizabeth, had issue by her an
only son, Edward, who married Elizabeth, daughter to Richard Nevil, Lord Lati-
mer, lineally descended of George Lord Latimer (third son to Ralph, the first
Earl of Westmorland, by Joan, daughter to John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster),
and of Isabel, wife of the said George, daughter to Richard de Beauchamp, Earl
of Warwick. This Edward having issue by his wife, the said Elizabeth, died,
during the lifetime of his father, leaving three daughters ; Elizabeth, Anne, and
Blanche, his heirs. Robert Lord Brooke, the father of Edward, after the death
of the Lord Beauchamp's daughter, married Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Grey,
Marquis of Dorset, by whom he had issue two sons, Henry and William, who
both died of the sweating sickness when young; and two daughters; Elizabeth,
married to John Poulet, second Marquis of Winchester; and Anne, to Charles
Blount, son and heir to William Lord Mountjoy. The said two noblemen, in
fight of their wivesy after the death of the Lord Brooke, their father, obtained, f
by order of Henry VIII. in council (which was after confirmed by act of parlia-
ment), part of the lands of this rich family : but the inheritance p3ssed by Ed-
ward, his only son, to his three granddaughters ; and he, the said Lord Brooke,
died in 1521 ; leaving them, the said Elizabeth, Anne, and Blanche, his
heirs.

But of those three Ladies, Anne dying unmarried, and Blanche, married to
Sir Francis Dautrey, Knt. dying likewise without issue, Elizabeth, the eldest,
was left, at length, sole heir to the last Lord Brooke, her grandfather; also to
her grandmother, Elizabeth, eldest of the daughters and coheirs of the last Lord
Beaachamp of Powyke ; and thus, in her own person, united the illustrious sac-
cession of those two noble families.

• Dugd. Bar. Vol. II. p. 88. f MS. prscd.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 341

I have deduced in the notes below, an attention which the im-
portance of the subject justly merited, I return to the Grevile
family, into which she brought all her estate and honours.

Upon the h death of Robert Willoughby, the last Lord Brooke,
her grandfather, the wardship of this young Lady was obtained
(as said before), by Sir Edward Grevile, of Milcote, in the county
of Warwick, Knt. Sir Edward intended her for John, his eldest
son: but she, preferring, in affection, Fulke, his younger son, was
married to him.

The following account of this marriage is in a manuscript,
entitled, The Genealogie, Life, and Death of Robert Lord Brooke
(written in ld44, and in possession of the Earl Brooke), • In the
days of King Henry VIII. (says the author of that manuscript),
I read of Sir Edward Grevil, of Milcote, who had the wardship
of Elizabeth, one of the daughters of the Lord Brooke's son. Ihe
Knight made a motion to his ward, to be married to John, his
eldest son ; but she refused, saying, that she did like better of
Fulke, his second son. He told her, that lie had no estate of land
to maintaine her ; and that he was in the King's service of warre
beyond the seas, and therefore his returne was very doubtful.
Shee replyed, and said, that shee had an estate sufficient both for
him, and for herself j and that shee would pray for his safeties,
and waite for his coming. Upon his returne home, for the wor-
thy service he had performed, he was by King Henry honoured
with Knighthood ; and then he married Elizabeth, the daughter
of < the Lord Brooke's son.'

By this marriage the manor of Alcester, and many other fair
lordships and lands, came to Sir Fulke in right of his wife; who
seating himself at Beauchamp's Court, and augmenting this large
estate, by the purchase of sundry lands in the neighbourhood;
raised his family to high distinction in the county of Warwick.
In 34 Henry VIII. he was sheriff of the counties of Warwick
and Leicester j also in 1 Edward VI. and was Knight for the
county of Warwick in three several parliaments. That he was
an affectionate husband, and tender parent j that he had encoun-
tered great difficulties, in securing the inheritance of his lady
(the daughters of Robeit Lord Brooke, by the second marriage,
claiming as coheirs), and that he was remarkably accurate in his
accounts, and adhered strictly to justice in all his transactions,
appears by the whole tenor of his last will, bearing date Septem-

1 Dugd. Bar. Vol. II. p. 44.2, 443.

342 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

ber 12th, 1550, in which he thus expresses himself: ' And my
especial requests to my executors for the love I have born them,
and for the travel I have taken in establishing the hole inherit-
ance, with my great costs also to be considered, I most earnestly
require them, and on God's behalf charge them, that my debts be
paied, if I die before the accomplishments thereof.' His executors
were his Lady, and his eldest son, Fulk Grevile. He died in the
first year of Queen Elizabeth, and Elizabeth his wife in the year
after, and both were buried in the church at Alcester jr where an
altar monument is erected to their memory, upon which the effi-
gies of himself and bis Lady are laid, with the portraitures of his
children on the sides, and this inscription round the verge :

Here lieth the Body of Foulke Grevyll, Knight, and Lady Eliza'
leth his Wife, the Daughter and heir of Edward Willoughby ,
Esquire, the Sone and Heire of Robert Willoughly, Knight, Lord
of Broke, and Lady Elizabeth, one of the Daughters and Co-heires
of the Lord Beauchamp of Powyk : which Foulke died the Xth
Day of November, Anno Dom. MDLXIX, and the said Lady

Elizabeth his wife, departed IXth Day of in the Year of

our Lord MDLX, of whose Soules God have Mercy. Amen.

They left three sons, and four daughters.

1. Fulke, the eldest.

2. Robert Grevile, of Thorp-Latymer, in the county of Lin-
coln, ancestor to Francis the present Earl Brooke. And.

3. Edward, afterwards Sir Edward Grevile, of Harrold-Park„
in the parish of Waltham -Abbey, in the county of Essex, the
youngest, s married Elizabeth, daughter of Lord John Grey, bro-
ther to Henry Duke of Suffolk (widow of Henry Denny, Esq.
son and heir of Sir Anthony Denny, Knight, Privy-Counsellor
to King Henry VIII.) by which Lady he had issue three sons j

1. -, died an infant j 2. Philip, who died without issue ;

3. Sir Fulk Grevile, Knight, one of the Band of Gentlemen Pen-
sioners to King James I. Also eight daughters; of whom, Mary,
Ann, and Mary, died unmarried j Frances married John Cham-
berlain, Esq. j Douglas unmarried 5 Elizabeth married Sir Francis
Swift, Knt.; Helena to Sir William Maxey, Knt. 3 and Margaret
to Godfrey Boswyle, Esq. Rut this line terminated in coheirs.

The daughters of the said Sir Fulke Grevile were, Mary, mar-

r Dugdale's Warwickshire, p. 540.
* Mont. Waltham Church, Essex.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 343

ried to William Harris, of Hayne, in the county of Devon, Esq.j
Eleanor, to Sir John Conway, of Arrow and Ragley, in the county
of Warwick, Knight ; Catharine, to Giles Read, of Mitton, in
the county of Worcester, Esq. and Blanche, who died unmar-
ried.

Fulke Grevile, the eldest son, on the death of his mother,
succeeded to this great inheritance j and was knighted in 7 Eliz.
being then thirty-nine years of age. He was (according to the
character Camden1 gives of him), e a person no less esteemed
for the sweetness of his temper, than the dignity of his station.'
We have the following account of him in the manuscript aforemen-
tioned, p. 0. ' He was a gentleman full of affajbijitje and cour-
tesie, and much given to hospitalitie, which got the love p£ the
whole countrie. For in his time no man did bear a greater sway
in the countie of Warwicke than himselie. He was evermore
attended with a brave eompanie of gentlemen. Upon the news
of the death of Queen Elizabeth, he being at Warwicke at the
great assize, came down from the bench, and with some of his
friends, proclaimed King James, which the Judges of the circuit
refused to doe.' He was Custos Rotulorum of the county of
Warwick ; and one of the Knights of the Shire in 28 Eliz. and
in four other parliaments. He married Anne, daughter to Ralph
Nevile, Earl of Westmorland, and died in I6Q6, leaving by her

Fuljte, his son and heir.

And one daughter, Margaret, married to Sir Richard Verney,
of Compton-Murdack, in the county of Warwick, Knt. ancestor
to the present Lord Willoughhy of Brooke,

This Fulke, afterwards Sir Fulke, and first Lord Brooke,
having been brought to court when very young, by his uncle,
Robert Grevile, who was then a servant to Queen Elizabeth 3 had
soon the honour to be admitted into the service of that Princess,
in a station suitable to his age and birth. So early an introduc-
tion into one of the most polite and learned courts then in Europe,
gave him an opportunity of improving his taste and genius, which
were naturally good 5 and of cultivating betimes, a friendship
with those, w.ho either were, or who after became eminent : in
life : Iput of all the young men of quality, who then made a figure
at court, his kinsman, the celebrated Sir Phil jp Sidney, was. his
darling. From his earliest youth he lived the companion and
friend of that great manj and when he died wrote his life.

* Cam. Brit, (in the last Edition of the old Translation), Vol. I. p. 6©7«

344 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The passion which chiefly prevailed arnong the youth of spirit
at that time, was to go to foreign courts in the train of ambassa-
dors j to assist at sieges or battles under the conduct of famous
generals ; or to sail to the East or West-Indies, in hopes of mak-
ing discoveries of new countries, or conquests upon the Spaniards.
On the other hand, Queen Elizabeth constantly discouraged those
irregular sallies of ambition j as she knew, that if they were in-
dulged beyond what the service of the public required, the king-
dom might thereby be deprived of the bravest subjects, and she of
her most valuable servants. Sir Fulke, whose ambition to acquire
honour or improvement in foreign countries, was equal to that of
any of his age and rank, not being able to obtain leave from his
royal mistress to go abroad so often as he desired, was bold enough
to make several attempts to go without her leave. But on all
those occasions, he was either recalled before he got out of Eng-
land, or on his return, was received in such a manner as was most
proper to mortify him j being sometimes made to live in her court
(as he himself says), a spectacle of disfavour, too long, as he con-
ceived^ I shall give an instance of one of those expeditions, in
his own words, taken from the fourteenth chapter of his life of
Sir Philip Sidney.

' Lastly, the universal fame of a battle to be fought between
the prime forces of Henry the Third, and the religious of Henry
the Fourth, the King of Navarre, lifting me yet once more above
this humble earth of duty, made me resolve to see the difference
between Kings present and absent in their martial expeditions.
So that without acquainting any creature, the Earl of Essex ex-
cepted, I shipped myself over, and at my return was kept from
her presence full six months, and then received after a strange
manner. For this absolute Prince, to sever ill example from grace,
avers my going over to be a secret employment of her' s — Protect-
ing me to the world with the honour of her employment, rather
than she would, for example's sake, be forced either to punish me
farther, or too easily forgive a contempt, or neglect, in a servant
so near about her, as she was pleased to conceive it.'

We have still a stronger instance of the noble ambition which
prevailed among the youth of those days (which seems to have
succeeded to the ancient ardour of chivalry), in a remarkable pas-
sage (Chap. /.) of Sir Philip Sidney's Life l-y Sir Fulke. Sir
Philip, in the midst of a court, that esteemed, loved, and almost
adored him ; and where he was honoured with the favour and
confidence of his royal mistress, languished after the glory of a

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 345

mighty foreign expedition. He framed with himself a scheme
of attacking the Spaniards in America ; of subverting their go-
vernment there j and of laying the foundation of an English set-
tlement in' its place, upon such a plan, as it might become a
durable establishment, and by degrees increase, till it extended
its power from ocean to ocean. But knowing the Queen and her
Council would never consent, that he should go upon any em-
ployment of so hazardous a nature, and so far from England, he
secretly concerted the execution of his scheme with Sir Francis
Drake. It was agreed between them, that Sir Francis should
have the name and reputation of the project while in England ;
but when they set sail, the command should be divided betwixt
them; and in the mean while, Sir Philip was to support and
quicken the expedition with all his credit at court. In conse-
quence of this, Sir Francis soon h£d a squadron assigned him : all
dispatch was used, and no public expense spared in the equip-
ment. Sir Philip embarked a great part of his own fortune in
the adventure ; but carefully kept his design of going himself on
board, a secret from all his relations and friends, excepting Sir
Fulke, whom (to use Sir Fulke's own words), having been bred
up with him from his youth, he chose to be his loving and beloved
Achates in this voyage. When the fleet was ready, the two ad-
venturers made use of some specious pretence to leave the court,
and go to Plymouth, where the fleet then was ; and where they
were to wait for a favourable wind. In the mean while Sir
Francis Drake's resolution failed; he durst not risk the Queen's
displeasure; but delayed bis departure from time to time on va-
rious pretences, till at last the design of Sir Philip and Sir Fulke,
was known at court. The Queen immediately dispatched mes-
sengers to Plymouth to stop them ; or, if they refused to obey, to
stop the fleet. Sir Philip had the courage to withstand this first
message (the letters having been intercepted and conveyed secretly
into his own hands) : but a second came by a Peer of the realm,
with an offer to Sir Philip, on the one hand, of an employment
under his uncle the Earl of Leicester, then going General into
the Low Countries; and on the other hand, denouncing the se-
verest displeasure in case of disobedience. Upon this, our disap-
pointed adventurers returned to court, and left Sir Francis to
pursue his voyage, from which he returned rather with wealth
than honour.

After those fruitless attempts to follow his own desires, the fire

$46 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

of youth beginning now to abate, Sir Fulke came to be sensible
(as he says himself), that it was sufficient for the plant to grow
where the Sovereigns hand had planted it: he therefore con-
tracted his thoughts, and bound his prospect within the safe limits
of dvty, and in such home services as were acceptable to his Sove-
reign.

From that time his genius led him, at his leisure hours, to the
amusement of writing, particularly in the poetical waj'. In this
he followed the example of his friend Sir Philip Sidney ; and
though it must be owned the language in that reign was neither
pure enough, nor sufficiently polished, to admit of the ease and
elegance of the best poetry j yet the writings of both those authors
abound with noble sentiments, and discover at once genius and
good sense. They were not satisfied with the bare amusement
of writing; they were both of them great patrons of learning and
arts. Sir Fulke u never ceased soliciting Queen Elizabeth, till
she promoted the learned Camden to the post of Clarencieux
King at Arms; in gratitude for which, Camden left him in his
last will a piece of plate j and in his Britannia* mentioning the
father of Sir Fulke, he adds, { whose only son of the same name,
doth so entirely devote himself to the study of real virtue and
honour, that the nobleness of his mind far exceeds that of his
birth j for whose extraordinary favours, though I must despair of
making suitable returns, yet, whether speaking or silent, I must
ever preserve a grateful remembrance of them.' Likewise, Speed,
in his y Theatre of Great Britain, speaking of Warwick Castle,
expresses himself thus, * The right worthy Knight,*Sir Fulke Gre-
ville, in whose person shineth all true virtue and high nobility ;
whose goodness to me ward, I do acknowledge, in setting this
hand free from the daily employments of a manual trade, and
giving it full liberty thus to express the inclination of my mind j
himself being the procurer of my present estate.'

The author of the manuscript beforementioned (p. 12), says,
1 He was many times elected Knight of the Shire, with that
thrice worthy and honoured Knight, Sir Thomas Lucy. A better
choyse the countie could not make; for they were learned; wise,
and honest.'

u Wood's Athenae Oxon. Vol. I. p. 410*

* P.ige 907, in the last Edition of the old Translation.

Y Speed's Theat. of Great Brit. p. 53.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 347

He continued in the service of Queen Elizabeth, in some ho-
nourable station or other, during the life of that Princess: among
other employments,2 he had the office of the Signet at the Coun-
cil in the Marches of Wales, which brought him in yearly above
two thousand pounds 3 and at the Queen's death, he was Trea-
surer of the Navy, having held that place for some years. Nor
were his services unattended with the favour and liberality of his
Sovereign ; for besides what he was able to do for his friends (of
whom he was never unmindful), having bought up from private
hands.some small claims upon Wedgenock, he obtained from
the Queen (44 Eliz.) a grant of that ancient and spacious park,
for himself, his heirs and assigns, in as large and ample manner,
as John Duke of Northumberland, or Ambrose Earl of Warwick
had held it.

" He had (says Sir Robert Naunton), no mean place in
Queen Elizabeth's favour, neither did he hold it for any short
time, or termj for, if I be not deceived, he had the longest lease,
the smoothest time without rubs, of any of the favourites. He
came to the court in his youth and prime, as that is the time,
or never j he was a brave gentleman, and hopefully descended
from Willoughby Lord Brooke, and admiral to Henry VII. nei-
ther illiterate j for he was, as he would often profess, a friend to
Sir Philip Sidney, and thereof is now extant, some fragments of
his pen, and of the times, which do interest him in the Muses,
and which shews him the Queen's election had ever a noble con-
duct j and its motions more of virtue and judgment than of fancy.
I find that he neither sought for, nor obtained any great place, or
preferment in court, during all his time of attendance j neither
did he need it j for he came thither backed with a plentiful for-
tune, which, as himself was wont to say, was then better held
together by a single life, wherein he lived and died, a constant
courtier of the ladies."

At the coronation of James I. July 15th, 1(503, he was made
Knight of the Bath 5 and soon after was called from being Trea-
surer of the Navy, to be Chancellor of the Exchequer; and
was admitted into his Majesty's Privy-Council. In the second
of that King's reign, he obtained a grant of Warwick Castle,
with the gardens, and other dependencies about it. He then
found it in a ruinous condition; the towers and other strong
places of it being used for the common gaol of the county. But

2 MS. prxd. p. 12.

348 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

at an expense of about twenty thousand pounds, he repaired and
adorned it for the seat of his family. Moreover, he made a pur-
chase of the Temple grounds adjoining, and beautified them with
large and stately plantations ; with an intention, as it would seem,
to put in execution the design which George Duke of Clarence for-
merly had, of making a park of them under his windows : a design,
which Francis the present Earl Brooke, and Earl of Warwick, since
he became lord of the manor, has been able to accomplish. Upon
the whole, he so repaired this great and venerable, but ruinous
castle, as to render it (as Dugdale says), a not only a place of great
strength, but extraordinary delight ; with most pleasant gardens,
walks, and thickets : such as this part of England can hardly pa-
rallel', so that now it is the most princely seat that is within the
midland parts of this realm. Besidei the honour of this grant, he
had the benefit of several others from the crown, in the sai*d reign;
one of which was a free grant of the manor and lands of Knowle,
in the county of Warwick.

It appears from what has been said above, that he had in his
own person, the hereditary right of a Peerage; being, by his
grandmother, heir at law to Robert Willoughby, Lord Brooke,
who had been called up by writ of summons to the house of
Lords. But it was probably not then a point clear in law, that
after an honour had been for some time in abeyance in the female
line, it could afterwards be claimed by the heir at law; as indeed
the question was, but for the first time, and in this very case,
decided in the house of Lords (8 William III.) on the petition
of Richard Verney, of Compton Murdak, Esq. whose claim to
the Peerage of Willoughby oj Broke was then admitted; he being
grandson and heir to Margaret abovementioned, who was only
sister and heir at law to this Sir Fulke Grevile. But, however
that point of law might then have been thought of, Sir Fulke
accepted of letters patent, bearing date January Igth, 1620-1, by
which he was advanced to the dignity of a Baron of this realm,
by the title of Loud Brooke, Baron Brooke of Rcauchamfis-
Court, in the county of Warwick; with limitations of that honour,
in default of heirs male of his own body, to his Kinsman, Robert
Grevile, son to Fulke Grevile, of Thorpe Latimer, in the county of
Lincoln, Esq. The reasons assigned in the patent for his crea-
tion, were his faithful services to Queen Elizabeth and the then
present King ; and that he was of noble extraction : being dc-

a Dugd. Warwick, p. 343.

EARL BUOOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. S49

scended of the blood of the Nevils, the Willoughbys, and the
Beauchamps. On his being created a Peer, he resigned his em-
ployment of Chancellor of the Exchequer, and was made one of
the Gentlemen of his Majesty's Bedchamber. He never married;
but being desirous to maintain his family in the rank to which
he had greatly contributed to raise it, he freed from intail all the
estates he had inherited from his ancestors ; and adding to those,
such as he had acquired by grant from the crown, or by pur-
chase, he settled the whole, by his last will and testament, upon
his cousin, Robert Grevile (in whose favour he had obtained the
reversion of his honours), and to the heirs male of his body; with
the remainder over to the heirs male of Sir Edward Grevile, of
Harold-Park, the third branch of Xxis family.

This will was executed on February 18th, 1627-8, and was
then witnessed by several gentlemen, at that time in his service;
among whom was one Haywood, who had been long his servant.
Some months afterwards, a codicil was added, granting annuities
to those gentlemen by name ; omitting, however, this Haywood,
whom he probably did not think entitled to his liberality. Hay-
wood resented this neglect to such a degree,, that a few days
afterwards, being alone with his Lord in his bedchamber, in
Brooke-house in Holborn, he entered into a warm and insolent
expostulation with him: and in his fury stabbed hirn in the back.
The villain made his escape into another room, which he locked,
and before it could be broke open for him to be seized, he mur-
dered himself. Lord Brooke languished a few days with his
wound ; but before he died, he ordered another short codicil to
be added to his will, in which he left handsome legacies to the
surgeons, and others who attended him on this occasion. He died
©n September 30th, 1628, in the seventy-fifth year of his age,
and was buried with great solemnity} Sir William Segar, Knight,
Garter King at arms; Sir Henry St. George, Knight, Richmond
Herald ; and Henry Chitting, Esq. Chester Herald, directing the
funeral. His body was laid in his own vault, in the great church
at Warwick, under a monument, which he had erected himself,
with this remarkable inscription :

Fulke Grevile,

Servant to Queen Elizabeth,

Councellor to King James,

and Friend to Sir Philip Sidney.

Trophamm Peccati.

350 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

A list of this Nobleman's works, with a short Memoir of him,
may be found in Lord Or ford's Royal and Noble Authors, with
Additions by Mr. Park.1* Lord O. calls him " a man of much
note in his time 5 but one of those admired wits, who have lost
much of their reputation in the eyes of posterity. A thousand
accidents of birth, court-favour, ©r popularity, concur some-
times to gild a slender proportion of merit. After-ages, who look
when those beams are withdrawn, wonder what attracted the
eyes of the multitude. He piqued himself most, and it was his
chief merit, on being, as he styled himself on his tomb, the
Friend of Sir Philip Sidney.0 It was well he did not make
the same parade of his friendship with the Earl of Essex : an
anecdote I have mentioned before, seems to show that he was not
so strict in all his friendships. He had more merit in being the
patron of Camden. We are told, that he proposed to write the
Life of Queen Elizabeth ; a work not much to be regretted, as
he himself acquainted the Earl of Salisbury, that " though he
intended to deliver nothing but the truth, yet he did not hold
himself bound to tell all the truth j" a dispensation which, of all
ranks of men, an historian perhaps is the last that has a right
to give himself. What he conceals, is probably the part that
would afford most information. It is worth the reader's while to
have recourse to the original passage, where he will find the gross
shifts used by Salisbury to render Sir Fulke's meditated history
abortive j which, however, he seemed to have little reason to
dread, after the declaration I have mentioned."

.Lord Brooke's principal works are contained in the following:
Certaine learned and elegant IPbries of the Right Honourable
Fulke Lord Brooke, written in his youth and familiar exercise
with Sir Philip Sidney. The several names of which workes the
following page doth declare. London, Printed by E. P, for Henry
Seyle, and are to be sold at his shop at the signe of the Tygers head
in St. Paules Churchyard, 1633. fol. The contents are, 1. A
Treatie of Humane Learning. 2. An Inquisition upon Fame and
Honour. 3. A Treatise of Words. 4. The Tragedie of Alaham.
5. The Tragedie of Mustapha. 6. Coelica, containing CIX Son-
nets. 7. A Letter to an Honourable Lady, &c. 8. A Letter of
Travell.d

fc II. p. 22c.

• It was on this pretence that Lord Orford introduced, under the article of this
Peer, the disparaging sketch of Sir Philip Sidney, which has given such just of-
fence.

d An account of this Peer may be found in most of our Biographical woiks :

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 351

Upon the death of Fulke Lord Brooke, the elder branch of the
family, in the male line, ended j and, as observed before, Mar-
garet, his sister, carried the honours of the female line into the
family of Verney,

But Robert, second Lord, of the second branch of the fa-
mily, who succeeded him in his fortune and title, succeeded him
likewise in the honour, being next in male descent from the first
Sir Fulke, and Elizabeth his wife, who, as already shewn, was
not only heiress of the family of Willoughby of Brooke, but twice
descended of the old Earls of Warwick : for this Robert, second
Lord Brooke, and Dorothy his sister (married to Sir Arthur Hasle-
rigg, of Nosely, in the county of Leicester), were the only issue
of Fulke Grevile, Esq. the eldest son of Robert Grevile, of Thorpe
Latimer, in the county of Lincoln, Esq. second son to the said
Sir Fulke Grevile, and Elizabeth his wife.

This e Robert, while but an infant of four years, was in a
manner adopted as a son by his cousin, the Lord Brooke, who
from that time provided for his education and breeding, so as to
render him worthy of the estate and dignity he intended to con-
fer upon him. He returned from his travels beyond seas about
the age of twenty; and in the same year was elected to serve for
the borough of Warwick, in the parliament then called, but soon
after unhappily dissolved. He succeeded his cousin, Fulke Lord
Brooke at the age of twenty-one, and soon after married Lady
Catharine Russell, eldest daughter to Francis Earl of Bedford.

The principles of government he had imbibed in his education,
which were probably confirmed from his intimate connection
with the Bedford family, made him disapprove of the measures
which were carried on by the court, in the beginning of the reign
of Charles I. So deeply was he affected with the grievances com-
plained of at that time, and so discouraged at the gloomy prospect
that overspread the nation, that he entered into a design with the
Lord Viscount Say and Sele, to leave England, and settle in a
corner of the world, remote from the oppression of a court.
f Those two noblemen procured from Robert Rich, Earl of War-
wick, an assignment of part of a large tract of land in North Ame-
rica (now part of New England), which he had obtained a grant
of from the crown; and in 1635, sent over George Fenwick, Esq.

particularly Wood j Cibber's Lives of the Poets ; Biogr. Diam. Biogr. Bit. and
Biogr. Diet. &c.

* MSS. prxd. p. 14 and 17.

* Brk. Emp. in Amer. Vol. I. p, 67, 68.

352 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to begin a settlement in that country, and prepare a place of re-
treat for them and their friends; in consequence of which a town
was there built, which thence bears the name of Saybrook. But
when afterwards a spirit rose in England, in opposition to the ar-
bitrary measures of bad administration, and that there were hopes
of reforming the abuses of government, he laid aside the thoughts
of retiring from his own country ; and was one of the first who
assumed the boldness of asserting the cause of liberty, even in the
face of the court, s When the King in his expedition against
the Scots, A. D, 1639, had summoned the nobility to meet him
at York; and it was thought fit, by the whole body of the coun-
cil, that a short protestation should be drawn, in which all men
should f Profess their loyalty and obedience to his Majesty, and
disclaim and renounce the having any intelligence, or holding any
correspondence with the rebels;' of the English nobility, the
Lord Say, and the Lord Brooke, positively refused, in the King's
own presence, to make any such protestation. They said, ' If
the King suspected their loyalty, ha might proceed against them
as he thought fit: but that it was against the law to impose any
oaths or protestations upon them, which were not enjoined by
law; and, in that respect, that they might not betray the com-
mon liberty, they would not submit to it.' From that time Lord
Brooke proceeded in the measures of his party with steadiness and
resolution ; and when the war broke out betwixt the King and
the Parliament, and all the great men of England ranged them-
selves on one side or the other, he adhered to that of the Parlia-
ment ; and was in such esteem with those of their party, that (as
Lord Clarendon h says), ' They had scarce a more absolute con-
fidence in any man than in him.' And yet, from the universal
character he had of good nature, justice, and love of his country,
there is reason to believe, that had he lived to see to what a
height the Parliament afterwards carried matters, he would have
disapproved of their conduct ; and might have been instrumental
in moderating the violence of that party, and in establishing a
peace, founded upon the security of the constitution and rights of
the crown. Lord Clarendon ' seems indeed to have been of an-
other opinion. But it is certain the Earl of Bedford, with whom
he lived in the strongest connections, not long after, openly dis-
approved of the violence of the Parliament party, and came over
from them to the King.

§ Clarend. fol. Vol. I. p. 93. h Clarend. Vol. II. p. 114.

i Ibid.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 353

To leave conjectures about what might have been, and return
to what really did happen, he engaged in the civil war on the side
of the Parliament ; and such was his influence in Warwickshire,
that he carried with him almost the whole county. He was of so
much the more consequence to his party, that by him they had
the castle of Warwick ; which by being situated in the heart of
England, and fortified by nature, proved a most convenient place
of arms, and one of the strongest of their garrisons.

k Lord Brooke having, in consequence of a commission from
the Parliament, in the months of June and July 1642, arrayed the
militia of the counties of Warwick and Stafford, repaired to Lon-
don, to procure artillery and military stores for his castle; but
before he went, he constituted Sir Edward Peito, of Chesterton,
Governor, and left with him one or two pieces of small cannon,
and what muskets and ammunition he could spare. On his re-
turn with a suitable train of artillery, he was met by the Earl of
Northampton, at Edge Hill, with a considerable body of troops.
The two Lords at first prepared for action 5 but (says the author
of the manuscript abovementioned), to prevent the effusion of
blood, it was at last agreed between them, that Lord Brooke
should return back to Banbury with his ordnance, and that nei-
ther of them should fetch it from thence, without giving the other
three days notice. However that may be, Lord Northampton,
on Lord Brooke's return to London, came up to Banbury with a
powerful body of horse and foot, surprised the castle, and carried
off the cannon. He was no sooner master of this artillery, than
he marched to Warwick 5 and having summoned Sir Edward
Peito to surrender the castle, he, upon his refusal, proceeded to
besiege it. The siege begun August 7th, and continued till the
23d of that month ; when the Lord Brooke, coming from Lon-
don with a body of horse and foot, was met by part of the Earl
of Northampton's troops within five miles of Warwick, between
Southam and Itchington, where a skirmish ensued, in which Lord
Brooke had the advantage; and upon this the siege was raised :
Lord Northampton retreated towards the North, and Lord Brooke
entered the castle, to the great joy of Sir Edward Peito, and his
small garrison, who, though poorly provided with ordnance and
military stores, had defended the place a whole fortnight.

The Lord Brooke remained at Warwick, or in the neighbour*
hood, till near the end of September, when the Earl of 'Esse*,

k MS. praed. p. zS, &c.
VOL. IV. 2 A

354 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

with the Parliament army, arrived at that town. Having intelli-
gence that the King's army were then at Worcester, the Earl,
with Lord Brooke, and the whole army, advanced towards that
place : but not to be impeded in his march, he left the most of
.his heavy ordnance, and what ammunition he had not immediate
occasion for, at Warwick-Castle. The Earl of Essex, on his ap-
proach to Worcester, finding the King's army filed off towards
Shrewsbury, and thence to the borders of Oxford and Warwick-
shire, prepared to follow them. But as his heavy carriages, from
the badness of the roads, and backwardness of the people in that
country to furnish horses, could not be made to keep up with the
army, it was thought proper the Lord Brooke should go on to
Warwick, and from thence send supplies of ammunition to meet
the army on their march. He arrived at that place October 22d -,
and the day following, sent from the magazines of the castle some
cart-loads of ammunition for the army, which the night before
had come up to Kineton, within two miles of Edge-hill, where
the King's army then lay. Lord Brooke having thus dispatched
his carriages, set out about one of the clock the same day (the
23d), to join the army. But, while he was on the road, the en-
gagement began ; which he was soon informed of, by the crowds
who fled on the first charge of the King's horse. He prevailed
with many to return with him j and making what haste he could to
join the battle, arrived in time to have some share, personally, in
the success of the day, and in keeping the field the night follow-
ing. His own regiment had marched with the General,1 and was
one of those who fought in the right wing, which entirely broke
the left of the King's army. The next day, in the evening, the
Earl of Essex, the rest of the nobility, and some others of distinc-
tion in the Parliament army, came to Warwick j the whole army
followed them the day after, and went into quarters of refresh-
ment there, and in the neighbourhood. The prisoners of note
were conducted to the castle j the chief of whom (says the au-
thor of the manuscript beforementioned, p. 48), was the Earl of
Lindsey, who being shot near the knee, died of his wound as he
entered the castle, before he could be carried into his chamber.

Not long after the battle, viz. January 7th, 1642-3, the Lord
Brooke was appointed General, and Commander in chief (under
the Earl of Essex), and of the associated counties of Warwick
and Stafford, and the parts adjacent. mIn consequence of this

J Rush. Hist. Coll. Part III. Vol. II. p. 37. m Ibid. p. 147 and 148.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 355

commission, having cleared Warwickshire of all opposition, he
advanced into Staffordshire j and hearing that Lord Chesterfield,
with about 300 men under his command, was in possession of
Litchfield, resolved, in the first place, to dislodge them. He
therefore took a troop of reformadoes, and 400 foot, which he
had from London; to which he added 100 out of Warwick- castle,
200 out of Coventry, and about 300 of the most forward of the
country, who came and offered themselves ; a troop of horse sent
him by Sir John Gell, and 106 dragoons, in all about 1200 strong;
with those, and one demi-eulverin, and some small drakes, he
advanced, and came before the town of Litchfield on Wednesday,
March 1st. After some hot, but short service, he obliged Lord
Chesterfield to leave the town, and retire into the. Close (or yard
belonging to the minster), a place, which by the strength of the
walls, and its situation, was more defensible. While his soldiers
were assaulting this place, and particularly St. Chad's church,
thereto adjoining, Lord Brooke having withdrawn into a house,
to give directions, as he was looking out of the window for that
purpose, a musket bullet struck him in the right n eye, of which
he immediately died. His soldiers were so exasperated at his
death, that Sir John Gell being sent for, and supplying his place,
the assault was renewed with more fury than before, the Close
was forced, and all within made prisoners.

Sir William Dugdale,0 speaking of this Lord Brooke, gives
this character of him : e A person he was, who for the nobleness
of his extraction, and many personal endowments, deserved a bet-
ter fate; at least to have fallen in a better cause; who (had he
lived, it is believed by his friends), would soon have seen through
the pretences of that faction.'

His character (not only as a great man, but an able writer),
appears in the hands of one of his own party, one of the most
celebrated writers of his age: Milton/ in a speech, in which he
pleads for the liberty of unlicensed printing, addressing himself to
the Parliament, says, * I shall only repeat what I have learnt
from one of your honourable number, a right honourable and
pious Lord, whom, had he not sacrificed his life and fortune to the
church and commonwealth, we had not now missed, and bewailed
a worthy and undoubted patron of this argument. Ye fyiow him,
I am sure; yet I, for honour's sake, and may it be eternal to him,

■■

n MS. juaeJ. p. 57. ° Bar. Vol. II, p. 443.

P P*ose Works, Vol. I. p. 158. •

S5& PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

shall name him, the Lord Brooke. He, writing of episcopacy,
and by the way, treating of sects and schisms, left you his vote,
or rather now, the last words of his dying charge, which I know
will ever be of dear and honoured regard with you ; so full of
meekness, and breathings charity, that next to the last testament
of him who bequeathed love and peace to his disciples, I cannot
call to mind where I have met with words more mild and peace-
ful. He there exhorts us to bear with patience and humility,
those, however (hey may be miscalled, who desire to live purely,
in such use of God's ordinances, as the best guidance of their con-
science gives them j and tolerate them, though in some discon-
formity to ourselves. The book itself will tell us more at large,
being published to the world, and dedicated to the Parliament,
by him, who, both for his life and for his death, deserves, that
what advice he left should not lie by without perusal.'

After his deaths which happened in the thirty-sixth year of his
age, the Parliament, by an ordinance, settled the wardship of the
young Lord Brooke, his son, upon Catherine Lady Brooke, his
widow/ daughter of Francis Russell, earl of Bedford. And a few
years after, the Commons, on a message from the Lords, voted
50001. for the use of his youngest, a posthumous, son. By this
Lady he had issue, in all, five sons, viz.

Francis, third Lord, who succeeded him in honour and
estate, but died unmarried.

Robert, who succeeded his brother, as fourth Lord Brooke.

Edward, and Algernon, who died bachelors. And

Fulke, who was born after the death of his father, and suc-
ceeded his brother Robert.

Robert, fourth Lord Brooke, was instrumental in the re-

9 " There were many discourses and observations upon his death, that it should
be upon St. Chad's day (being the second day of March), by whose name, he be-
ing a bishop shortly after the planting of Christianity in this Island, that church
had been anciently called. AnJ it was reported, that in his prayer that very
morning (for he used to pray publicly, though his Chaplain were in his presence)
he wished, " that if the Cause he were in, were not right and just, he might
be presently cut off." They who were acquainted with him, believed him to
be well-natured, and just; and rather seduced, and corrupted in his understand-
ing, than perverse and malicious. Whether his passion or conscience swayed him,
he was undoubtedly one of those who could have been with most difficulty recon-
ciled to the government of Church or State : and therefore his death was looked
upon as no ill omen of Peace, and was exceedingly lamented by his party ; which
had scarce a more absolute confidence in any man than in him." Lord Clarendon's
Hist. Rebell. Vol. II. p. 149.

* Rush. Hist. Coll. Vol. VII. p. 965.

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 357

storation of Charles II. and was sone of the six Lords sent by
the house of Peers to Holland, with twelve of the house of Com-
mons, to present the humble invitation and supplication of the
Parliament, That his Majesty would he pleased to return, and
take the government of the kingdom into his hands. He was ap-
pointed Lord Lieutenant of ihe county of Stafford, and city of
Litchfield, August 20th, lfjfjO; and constituted Recorder of War-
wick for life, in a new charter granted to that corporation ; which
office his predecessors, Fulke, first Lord Brooke, Robert Lord
Brooke, his father, and the Earl of Bedford, his uncle (during
the minority of his brother Francis), had held before him. He
was likewise chosen High-Steward of Stafford, and Stratford-
upon-Avon ; and contributed much to the embellishment of
Warwick-Castle, by fitting up the state apartment there, at a
considerable expense, and in a manner suited to the taste of the
times in which he lived. He married Anne, daughter, and at
last sole heir, to John Doddington, Esq. son and heir of Sir Wil-
liam Doddington, of Bremer, in the county of Southampton ; by
whom he had six sons, John, Francis, Charles, Robert, William,
and Fulke, who all died young; and two daughters; Anne, mar-
ried to William Earl of Kingston; and Doddington, to Charles,
Earl, and afterwards Duke of Manchester. He died at Bath, Feb-
ruary 17th, 1676, and leaving no male issue, was succeeded in
honour and estate by his youngest brother,

Fulke, fifth Lord Brooke, who was (soon after the death
of his brother), chosen recorder of Warwick ; and, upon the re-
newal of the charter of that corporation, was therein constituted
Recorder for life. He married, Sarah, daughter of Sir Samuel
Dashwood, Alderman of London, by whom he had issue four
sons, and seven daughters; viz.

1. Francis.

2. Algernon, who married Mary, daughter of the Lord Arthur
Somerset, fifth son of Henry Puke of Beaufort, by whom he had
two daughters ; Mary/ married to Shuckburgh Boughton, Esq. ;
and Hester; as also one son, Fulke Greville, Esq. of Wil berry,
Wilts, a gentleman who distinguished himself by a book, enti-
tled " Maxims and Characters," in the manner of Rochefoucault,
who by Frances11 his wife, daughter of James Macartney, Esq.

» Clarend. Hist. Vol. VI. p. 768.
1 Mother of the present Sir Charles Boughton Rojs, Bart, and of the wife of
the late Lord Templetown.

11 She was author of the celebrated Ode U Indiferencje,

356 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

had issue six sons; Algernon, who died young ; William, a Cap*
tain in the Navy 5 James; another son a Clergyman; Henry-
Francis, formerly in the Army, married, first, a sister of Sir Bel-
lingham Graham, Bart. ; and, secondly, the widow of Sir Henry
Lambert, Bart, j and Charles, married, March 31st, 1793, Lady
Charlotte Bentinck, daughter of the Duke of Portland, by whom
he has issue two sons. Also one daughter, Frances-Ann, married
to John Crewe, of Crewe-Hall, in the county of Chester, Esq,
now Lord Crewe.

3. Doddington, who died at Bath unmarried, in 1738, And,

4. Robert, who died beyond the seas.

Of the seven daughters, Catharine was married to Baptist Noel,
Earl of Gainsborough; and, secondly, to John Sheffield, Duke of
Buckinghamshire; Anne died unmarried ; Elizabeth, wedded to
Francis Lord Guildford ; the three next daughters, Sarah, Mary,
and Diana, died unmarried; and Henrietta, the youngest, was
married to Sir James Long, of Draycote, in com. Wilts, Bart, and
departed this life on May 18th, 1765, at Bath.

The said Fulke Lord Brooke died at his seat at Twickenham,
in com. Middlesex, in the sixty-eighth year of his age, October
22d, 1710.

The abovementioned Francis, the eldest son, married Lady
Anne Wilmot, eldest daughter of John, and sister and co-heir of
Charles Earl of Rochester (and widow of Henry Baynton, of Spy
Park, in Wiltshire, Esq.), but died October 11th, 1710, eleven
days before his father, leaving issue by the said Lady Anne, two
sons.

1 . Fulke, who succeeded his grandfather.

2. William, who succeeded his brother.

Also two daughters; Elizabeth, who died unmarried; and Ca-
tharine, who married the honourable Charles Egerton, youngest
son of John Earl of Bridgewater.

Fulke, sixth Lord Brooke, survived his father and grand-
father but five months; and dying at University College in Ox-
ford, in February 171O-II, had sepulture among his ancestors on
March 3d following, and was succeeded by his brother,

William, seventh Lord Brooke, who soon after he came
cf age, was chosen F.ecorder of Warwick. He married Mary,
second daughter and co-heir of the honourable Henry Thynne,
Esq. only son to Thomas first Viscount Weymouth. By this
Lady (who died on March 29th, 1720), he had three sons; Wil-
liam, baptized April 2d, 17 18, who died at four months old; Fulke,

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. *59

baptized April 1st, 1719, who departed this life, aged twenty-two
weeks and six days 5 and Francis, created Earl Brooke. This
William, Lord Brooke, died in the thirty-third year of his age, on
July 28th, 1727.

The said Francis, first Earl, when he succeeded his father,
as eighth Lord Brooke, was but eight years old; and soon
after he came of age, was chosen Recorder of Warwick. His
Lordship, on July 7th, 1746, was, by letters patent, advanced to
the dignity of an Earl of Great Britain, by the style and title of
Earl Brooke of Warwick-castle, in the county of Warwick j
and on July 6th, 1749, was invested with the offices of Lord-
Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the said county j but he re-
signed them in June 1757- He was, in March 1753, elected a
Knight of the most ancient order of St. Andrew, or the Thistle :
and the title of Earl of Warwick being extinct by the death of
Edward Rich Earl Warwick and Holland, on September 7th, 175Q,
his Majesty was pleased to add the dignity of Earl of War-
wick to his Lordship's other titles, by letters patent dated No-
vember 2/th, that year, and he afterwards obtained a grant to
him and his descendants Earls of Warwick, for bearing the Crest
anciently used by the Earls of that county, viz. On a Wreath a
Bear erect Argent, muzzled Gules, supporting a ragged Staff of
the first.

In May 1742, his Lordship married Elizabeth, daughter to the
Lord Archibald Hamilton (a younger son of William Duke of
Hamilton, by the Lady Jane Hamilton, daughter to James Earl
of Abercorn). By her, who survived till April 1800r he had,

1. Lady Louisa-Augusta, born April 14th, 1743 (to whom his
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales was godfather, and the Prin-
cess of Wales godmother) : she was married on April 23d, 1770*
to William Churchill, of Henbury, in Dorsetshire, Esq. and has
issue.

2. Lady Frances-Elizabeth, born May 11th, 1744, who on July
17th, 1762, was married to Sir Harry Harpur,x of Calke, in
Derbyshire, Bart, who died in 1787-

3. Lady Charlotte-Mary, who married John, then Lord Gar-
lies, since Earl of Galloway, and died May 31st, 1763$ these
daughters were all born in London.

On September 16th, 1746, he had a son, George, born at War-
wick-Castle (the King doing him the honour of standing god-
father by Lord Conway his proxy), who is now Earl of Warwick,

* By whom she had the present Sir Henry Harpur.

360 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

On March 1st, 1 748, he had a fourth daughter, born at Lon-
don, who was christened Isabella, but died the same day.

On May 12th, 1749, he had a second son, Charles-Francis,
born at his house at North-End, in the county of Middlesex, .
member in parliament for the county of Warwick, 1774, and then
one of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and the Plantations,
and F. R. S. He died April I8O9.

On February 3d, 1751, he had a third son, Robert-Fulke, born
in London, who was a Lieutenant in the first regiment of Foot
Guards, with the rank of Captain in the army j and also member
for the county of Warwick, 1774. He is now Groom of the Bed-
chamber to the King j and married, October 19th, 1797, Louisa
Countess Dowager of Mansfield 5 and has issue.

On August 26th, 1 760, Lady Anne, his fifth daughter, was
born, and died May 26th, 1783.

His Lordship departed this life at Warwick-Castle, on July 6th,
J 773, and was succeeded in titles and estate by his eldest son,

George, second, and present Earl Brooke and Earl of
Warwick j who at his succeeding to the Peerage, was one of
the Knights for the county of Warwick, and one of the Lords
Commissioners for trade and plantations; and is now Recorder of
Warwick, and a Vice President of the Foundling-Hospital. His
Lordship was first married on April 1st, 1/7 1> to Georgina, daugh-
ter of Sir James Peachey, Bart, afterwards Lord Selsey j which
Lady was delivered of a son,

George, Lord Grevile, their only child, March 25 tb, 1772, who
died at the age of four years.

This Lady dying on April 3d, following, his Lordship remained
a widower till July 177^» when he was married to the daughter
of Richard Vernon, of Hilton, in the county of Stafford, Esq. by
whom he has,

1. Henry Lord Brooke, born April 11th, 1779> Colonel of the
Warwickshire Militia, and M. P.

2. Charles, Lieutenant-Colonel of the 38th Regiment of Foot.

3. Robert.

4. Lady Elizabeth, died January 23d, 1806.

5. Lady Henrietta, married February 9th, 1805, John, Earl of
Clonmell.

6. Lady Caroline.

7. Lady Augusta Louisa,
Q. Lady Charlotte*

EARL BROOKE, AND EARL OF WARWICK. 36l

Titles, George Grevile, Earl Brooke of Warwick-Castle, and
Earl of Warwick, Lord Brooke, and Baron Brooke, of Beau-
champ's Court, in com. Warwick.

Creations. Lord Brooke, Baron Brooke of Beauchamp's- Court,
in com. Warwick, by letters-patent, January gth, 1020-1, 18
Jac. I. ; Earl Brooke of Warwick-Castle, in the county of War-
wick, July 7th, 1746, 20 Geo. II. 3 and Earl of Warwick, No-
vember 27th, 1759, 33 Geo. II.

Arms. Sable, on a cross within a border both ingrailed, Or,
five pellets.

Crest. In a ducal coronet, Gules, a swan with wings expanded,
Argent, beak'd, Sable.

Supporters. Two swans Argent, beak'd and member'd Sable,
and ducally gorg'd Gules.

MottO. VlX EA NOSTRA VOCO.

Chief Seats. At Warwick-Castle, in the county of Warwick |
and at Ealing, in Middlesex.

3(52 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

HOBART EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.

From Sir James Hobart, Knight, Attorney -general and of the
Privy Council to Henry VII, do the several branches of the Ho-
barts owe their principal rise ; yet the family was of genteel ex-
traction in Norfolk for many generations before.

John Hobart is a mentioned, in deeds, to be owner of lands at
De la Tye, in the said county, in 1389 i ms son Godfrey, of the
same place, is also mentioned in 1407.

And his son John, in 10 Henry VI. who had issue
Thomas Hobart of the Tye, and Gedford street, in the said
county; and, deceasing in 1458, 37 Henry VI. left issue by his
wife Eleanor, daughter and heir of Robert At Church (by his
wife Eleanor, daughter and heir of John Taylor, alias Amfrey, or
Kellesey),

William, his son and heir, living in 1478, who was father of
Thomas Hobart, who resided at Leyham, and had issue two
sons :

1. William, who had tbe estate at Leyham, and having mar-
ried Anne, daughter to Sir Philip Tilney, and heir to her mother;
from them descended the Hobarts of Monks Illegh, afterwards of
Lindsey; and the Hobarts of Milding, and others who settled in
London.

2. James, the youngest son, by his prudent acquisitions, left
a fine estate to his posterity. He was (says Fuller in his Wor-
thies of Norfolk), a right good man, of great learning and wis-
dom. Being entered at Lincoln's Inn, for the study of the laws,
he made such proficiency therein, that in 18 Edward IV.

* Ex Stemmate in Brit. Mui. N. i$$z Harl. MSS.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. sftj

¥ he was elected Lent reader of that society $ and in the same
year was one of c the governors thereof, and so continued till 23
Henry VII. j also in 2 Henry VII. d was constituted Attorney-
general to the King, and afterwards sworn of his Privy Council,
and continued Attorney-general till his decease in 1507, and was
buried in Norwich cathedral. e On February 18th, 1502-3, he
was made f one of the Knights of the sword, at the creation of
Henry Prince of Wales, and was in the highest esteem. Dr. Hol-
land, in the additions to Camden, gives this account of him:
* The river Yare (saith he), receiveth a brook, which passeth by
nothing memorable but Halles-Hall, and that only memorable for
the ancient owner, Sir James Hobart, Attorney-general, and of
the Privy-Council to King Henry the Seventh 5 Jby him dubbed
Knight, at such time as he created Henry his son, Prince of
Wales 3 who, by building from the ground the fair church of Lod-
don, being his parish church, St. Olave's Bridge (commonly
called St. Tooley's) over Waveny, that divideth Norfolk and Suf-
folk, the causey thereby, and other works of piety, deserved well
of the church, his country, and the common weal, and planted
three houses of his own issue.' From Weevers Funeral Monu-
ments, p. 862, we are informed, that he was buried in Loddon
church, near his wife Margaret, daughter of Peter Naunton. Esq.
who died before him, A.D. 14Q4 5 and there yet remains in the
north chapel, next the chancel, a raised tomb which was inlaid
with brass, and two portraitures thereon, but the inscription is
defaced 5 but according to Blomefield's History of Norfolk, and
Dr. Browne's Repertorium, he was buried in Norwich cathedral.
He rebuilt the parish church at Loddon, and the bridge at St.
Olave's, commonly called St. Tooley's Bridge, and made the
causeway by it. They had issue two sons, Walter and Miles
Hobart.

Walter, the eldest son, succeeded at Halles-Hall; and having
been knighted,? was Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk, in 27 Hen-
ry VIII. From him,h and Anne, his first wife, daughter to Sir
Henry Heydon, Knight, descended the Hobarts of Halles-Hall,
and Blyford, in com. Suff. and from his second wife, Ann, daugh-
ter to John Ratcliff, Lord Fitzwalter, and sister to Robert Earl of
Sussex, are derived the Hobarts of Morley, in com. Norf.

b Dugd. Orig. Jurid. p. 249. c Ibid. p. 258.

d Dugd. Chron. Series, p. 75. e Ibid. p. 79.

f Nom. Equit. in Bib!. Cotton, Claudius. C. 3.

t Fuller's Worthies in Norf. h Visitation of Norfolk.

364 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Miles, second son of Sir James, was seated at Plumsted, in
Norfolk; and having married Eleanor, youngest daughter to John
Blenerhasset, Esq. of Frense, in Norfolk, had issue two sons.

1. Thomas. And,

2. John, who married Anne, daughter of Sir Philip Tilney,
Knight, and settling at Wayte, in com, Norf. became the founder
of that branch.

Thomas, the eldest, succeeded to the estate at Plumsted ; by
his wife Audrey, daughter and heir of William Hare, of Beeston,
in com. Norf. Esq. he had two sons;

1 . Miles, who received the honour of knighthood, and inhe-
rited the estate at Plumsted.

2. Henry, who had the estate of Intwood, in Norfolk; also
two daughters, Mary and Ellen.

Which Henry, Jirst Baronet, applied himself to the study of
the laws; and, being entered at Lincoln's-Inn, attained such
knowledge therein, and grew into such esteem, that in 3Q Eliz.
he was Elected one of the governors of that society; and in the
parliament which met the same year, was k returned one of the
burgesses for Yarmouth, as also in 43 Eliz. and, two years after,1
was called to the degree of Serjeant at Law. On the accession of
King James I. to the English crown; the honour of m knighthood
was conferred both on him and John, his eldest son, July 23-d,
1603. In the first parliament called by that King, he served for
the city of Norwich, and after for Yarmouth. He was so much
reverenced for his abilities and learning, that in the third of that
reign, he was made "Attorney of the court of Wards; also, in
the next year, ° July 4th, constituted the King's Attorney General.
On June 22d,P in the ninth year of King James, he was, by Letters
patent, constituted one of the governors of the Charter-house, at
the first institution of that great charity ; and was advanced to
the degree of a Baronet at the first erection of that dignity, in
l6ll, being the ninth in precedency; also two ^ years after, on
November 26th, was constituted Lord Chief Justice of the Com-
mon Pleas; which post he filled with notable sufficiency, and
died therein, December 26th, 1625; a great loss to the public
weal, as Sir Henry Spelman r writes ; and I find that he contri-

i Dngd. Orig. Jurid. p. 262. k Ex Collect. B. Willis, Arm.

J .Dugd. Chron. Series, p. 101. m Philpot's Cat. of Knights, p. 14 and 23.

» Dugd. Orig. p. 263. ° Pat. 4. Jac. I. p. „o.

P Hist. Account of Tho. Sutton, Esq. p. 46.-

3 Pat. 11 Jac. I. p. 5. 1 Glossar. Lit.,

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 365

buted 1001. towards new building the chapel of Lincoln 's-Inn,
which was finished in 1623. His motto s was, Non Moriar, sed
Vivam.

Since his death have been published Reports of several
Law Cases, which bear this title : The Reports of that Reverend
and learned Judge, the Right Honourable Sir Henry Holart,
Knight and Bart. Lord Chief Justice of his Majesty s Court of
Common Pleas, and Chancellor to loth their Highnesses, Henry,
and Charles, Princes of Wales, &c.

He lieth buried under a fair monument in the middle isle, on
the north side, in Christ-Church, Norwich ; and by Dorothy his
wife, daughter to Sir Robert Bell, of Beaupre-hall, in. com. Norf.
Knt. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, whom he married at
Blickling, on April 22d, 15QO, had issue sixteen children;- the
nativities whereof he recorded in a Bible, bought by the late Ralph
Thoresby, of Leeds, F. R. S. : according to which,

Henry, his eldest son, was born at Norwich, on April 28tb,
1591 (but died young, as did three others), and that his twelfth
and youngest son, named also Henry, was born on November
17th, 1619. Those who survived1 were,

1. Sir John. And,

2. Sir Miles, of whom hereafter.

3. Nathaniel, married to Ann Beke.

4. James, who wedded Mary Proud.

5. Thomas.

6. Robert.

7. Edmund,u who died October 14th, 1607, Fellow of Eton
college, and was buried in the chapel thereof.

He had four daughters; the eldest, Dorothy, born on March
14th, 1591-2, was the first wife of Sir Robert Crane, of Chilton,
in Suffolk, Knt. and Bart, and died on April lith, 1624. The
others were Mary ; Elizabeth, born on March 17th, 1608, mar-
ried to John Lisle, Esq. and died March 15th, 1633, as appears
from an inscription on a stone in Higbgate chapel, in Middlesex^
where she was buried; Frances, youngest daughter, married to

- Hewet, Esq. died on Whitsun-Monday, May 21st, 1632,

and was also buried at Highgate.

John, second Baronet, the eldest surviving son, born at Nor-
wich, on April 19th, 15p3, succeeded in the title of Baronet.

s Dugd. Orig. p. 235. * Harl. MSS. No. i$$ i and 1552, in Brit. Mus.

u Le Neve, Vol. I. p. 15.

»

3(56 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

having been knighted with his father. He was seated at Blick-
ling, in com. Norf. a manor his father had purchased, and had
built there a stately house ? he was also possessed of the estate at
Plumsted, upon the failure of the line of his cousin. Sir Thomas
Hobart. He x served in parliament in 1 Jac. I. for Corf-Castle,
in Dorsetshire 5 also in that reign for Lestwithiel, in Cornwall ;
and for the borough of Thetford, 1 Car. I. j and for the county
of Norfolk, in the l6th of that reign. He married two wives 5
Philippa, daughter to Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, by whom
he had a daughter, Dorothy 5 and this Lady deceasing in Septem-
ber 1620, he, secondly, married Lady Frances, eldest daughter to
John Egerton, first Earl of Bridgwater 5 her Ladyship y was born
in London, Anno 1603, and had nine children, of which only
one lived to be married, the rest died, all either in their infancy,
or before they arrived at their years of puberty. The daughter

that married was z wife to Sir John Hobart. Bart, the heir

of her father's honour. This lady Frances Hobart died at Chap-
plefield, in Norwich, on Sunday, November 27th, 1664, and was
buried in a vault belonging to the family of her dear and noble
husband, at Blickling, in Norfolk, on December 1st following j
therein paying her deceased husband a last obedience, who made
it his first request to her upon her marriage day. Sir John dying
in 1647, after a long illness, left only a daughter, as is above-
mentioned j whereupon the title and estate entailed descended to
his nephew, John Hobart, Esq. son and heir of his brother, Sir
Miles Hobart, Knight.

"Which Sir Miles Hobart was born at Plumsted, on April 12th,
1595, and a knighted at Salisbury by James 1. on August 8th,
1623. He was a member of that parliament which met on March
17th, 1627-8, and distinguished himself in opposing the designs
of the court} being among those members,b who, on March 2d,
162S 9, foreseeing the dissolution of the parliament, forcibly held
the Speaker in the chair, whilst they published a protestation in
the house, declaring, 1 . Whoever shall bring in innovation of re-
ligion, or by favour or countenance seek to extend or introduce
Popery or Arminianism , or other opinion disagreeing from the true
and orthodox churchy shall be reputed a capital enemy to this king-

x Willis's Not. Pari. p. 159, 1 2 8, 212, 246.
7 Sermon preached at her Ladyship's funeral, by Mr. John Collings : London
printed 1669, under the title of The Excellent Woman.

2 It was not by this wife that his heirs were descended,
a Philpot, p. 87. *> Rushworth's Hist. Collections, p. 670.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 367

dom and commonwealth. 2. Whoever shall counsel or advise the
taking and levying of the subsidies of tonnage and poundage, not
granted by parliament, or shalt be an actor or instrument therein,
shall be likewise reputed an innovator in the government, and ca-
pital enemy to the kingdom and commonivealth. 3. If any mer-
chant, or person whatsoever, shall voluntarily yield, or pay the
subsidies of tonnage and poundage, not being granted by parlia-
ment, he shall likewise be reputed a betrayer of the liberties of
England, and an enemy to the same. On this the parliament was
immediately dissolved, and Sir Miles Hobart was imprisoned c for
locking the door of the house, during the publishing the aforesaid
protestation. He was not discharged^ before the year 1631, and
then was obliged to give sureties for his good behaviour. Whe-
ther he was again imprisoned, or what other hardships he un-
derwent, does not appear j but, dying in l6lQ, before the civil
wars broke out, his sufferings were esteemed so meritorious by
the long parliament,6 that they voted, in the year 1646, that
50001. should be given to his children, in recompence thereof,
and for opposing the illegalities of that time. He married Susan,
daughter to Sir John Peyton, of Iselham, Bart, by whom he had
issue John, his son and heir, and a daughter, Alice, married to
John Jermy, of Bayfield, in Norfolk, Esq.

Sir John Hobart, third Baronet, who was twelve years old at
his father's death, succeeding his uncle as beforementioned, was
Knight of the shire for Norfolk, in the three last parliaments
called by Charles II. and had the honour of a visit from that King,
at his seat at Blickling, at which time he knighted Henry, his
eldest son. Sir John, by Mary his first wife, daughter of John
Hambden, of Hambden, in com. Bucks, Esq. and widow of Colo-
nel Hammond, had also issue, * . .

1. Sir Henry.

2. James Hobart, Esq. his second son, who died in Jus father's
lifetime, aged near nine years, and was buried at Blickling on
f October 23d, 16/0; also two other sons.

3. John, a Brigadier-Genefal in the army of his late Majesty,
and Captain and Governor of Pendennis- castle, in the county of
Cornwall, who died at his house in Queen -street, Lincoln's-Inn-
Fields, on November 7th, 1734, and was buried at Blickling.
And,

c RushworttYs Hist. Collections, p. 677. * Whitlock's Mem. p. 16.

« Ibid. p. 238. * Le Neve, Vol. V. p. 88.

3<J& PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

4. Thomas, who was of Lincoln's-Inn, and died unmarried.

Also two daughters ; Philippa, married to Sir Charles Pye, of
Clifton-Camvile, in the county of Stafford, Bart.j and Mary, who
died unmarried.

Sir John married, secondly, the daughter and heir of his uncle,
Sir John Hobart, by Lady Frances Egerton.s

Sir Henry, fourth Baronet, succeeded his father in the title
and estate, and was elected one of the Burgesses for Lynn-Regis,
in the parliament that met at Oxford, 23 Car. II. and sat with
his father, who served in the same parliament, as Knight of the
shire for Norfolk. He engaged among the first who appeared for
the Revolution ; and in the Convention Parliament (being one of
the Knights of the shire for Norfolk), declared for the vacancy
of the throne. He was gentleman of the horse to King William,
and attended on him at the battle of the Boyne, in Ireland, on
July 1st, 169O. In the 7th year of that Prince's reign, he was
again elected one of the Knights of the shire for Norfolk, and
constantly behaved himself like a man of honour, and a true pa-
triot of his country ; but in 1699, resenting some words spoken
by Oliver Le Neve, Esq. a duel ensued, wherein he was mortally
wounded. He was buried at Thetfordj and Mr. Le Neve, being
tried at Norwich, on March 16th, 1699-1700, was found guilty
of manslaughter. Sir Henry's Lady was the eldest daughter of
Joseph Maynard, Esq. son and heir of Sir John Maynard, Knight,
one of the commissioners of the Great Seal in the reign of King
William j which Lady survived him, and died of a consumption
on August 22d, ] 701 ; and by her he had issue one son,

John,^r^^ Earl of Buckinghamshire. And

Three daughters j 1 . Henrietta, married, first, to Charles How-
ard, ninth Earl of Suffolk 3 h and, secondly, to the Hon. George

? It appears by the funeral sermen before quoted, that by this daughter and
heiress of his uncle, Sir John Hobart, Bart, after several years he had a son, after
which this Lady did not long survive, dying of the Small-pox (several years be-
fore her mother), and her son and only child, died soon after.

k She lived at Marble-hill, Twickenham ; and was a well-known acquaintance
of Pope, the Poet, under the name of " Mrs. Howard." She was in much fa-
vour with King George II. an influence which is supposed to have contributed
to the grant of her brother's Peerage. See Coxe's Memoirs of Sir R. Walpole,

I. 279-

" Having (says Coxe), ingrafted herself into the favour of Queen Caroline,
then Electoral Princess, she accompanied her to England, and became her Bed-
chamber woman. If we were to draw an estimate of the understanding and cha-
racter of Mrs. Howard, from the representations of Pope, Swift, and Gay, during

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 369

Berkeley, Esq. fourth son of Charles second Earl of Berkeley.
2. Catharine, wedded to Lieutenant General Charles Churchill.
And, 3. Dorothy, who died unmarried.

John, first Earl of Buckinghamshire, onlyson of Sir Henry,
was in the fifth year of his age at his father's decease. He was edu-
cated at Clare-hall in Cambridge, and afterwards travelled beyond
the seas; from whence on his return, he was elected a member
for the borough of St. Ives, in the county of Cornwall, in the first
parliament called by George I. and in 1722 for the said borough;
also for the borough of Beer- Alston, in Devonshire. On Sept. 22d,
1721, he was constituted one of the Commissioners for trade and
the plantations; and on June 17tb, 1/25, was installed one of the
Knights Companions of the most honourable Order of the Bath.
At the accession of his late Majesty, he was made Treasurer of the
Chamber; and elected one of the Knights of the shire for Nor-
folk, as also chosen for Beer- Alston. And was advanced, on May
28th, 1/28, to the dignity of a Baron of this realm, by the title
of Lord Hob art, Baron Holart of Blickling, in the county of
Norfolk: and, on January 31st, 1739-40, was sworn Lord-Lieu-
tenant of the county of Norfolk. On his Lordship's resigning
his post of Treasurer of the Chamber, his Majesty constituted him,
on December 24th, 1744, Captain of the band of Gentlemen
Pensioners; and on January 3d, following, he was sworn of the
Privy Council. Also on September 5th, 1746', he was advanced
to the dignity of an Earl of the kingdom of Great Britain, by the
name, style, and title of Earl of Buckinghamshire; and, as
such, took his seat in the house of Peers, on November 16th fol-
lowing.

His Lordship married to his first wife, Judith, daughter to Ro-
bert Britiffe, of Baconsthorpe, in Norfolk, Esq. by whom he had
issue three sons.

1. Henry, who died an infant.

the time of her favour, we might suppose that she possessed every accomplish-
ment and good quality which were ever the lot of a woman. The real truth is,
that Mrs. Howard was more remarkable for beauty than for understanding, and
the passion which the King entertained for her, was rather derived from chance,
than from any combination of those transcendent qualities which Pope and Swift
ascribed to their court-divinity. She had been long wholly unnoticed by the
Prince, who was enamoured of another Lady, that was more cruel to the royal
lover than Mrs. Howard. This Lady was the beautiful and lively Mary Bellen-
den, daughter of Lord Bellenden, Maid of Honour to Queen Caroline, when
Princess of Wales, and a great friend of Mrs. Howard." She lived to an advanced

^YOL d/vng ^ 1?67' ^ /'#^ *** ~*"**"^ >^ ~fa*6*£ .

3;o PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

2. John, second Earl of Buckinghamshire. And,

3. Robert, who died in the eighth year of his age, on May 22dr.
J733.

He had also five daughters j whereof Lady Dorothy, on Octo-
ber 21st, 1752, married Charles Hotham, Esq. Colonel of the first
regiment of Foot Guards (and eldest son of Beaumont Hotham,
Esq. one of the Commissioners of the Customs), who afterwards
succeeded to the Baronetage, and took the name of Thompson.
She died 1/98, leaving one daughter. The others died infants.

The said Lady, Judith, dying on February 7th, 1726-7, his
Lordship married, secondly, on February 10th, 1 727-8, Elizabeth,
sister to Robert Bristow, Esq. one of the Clerks Comptrollers of
his Majesty's Household, and by her had two sons 3 viz.

4. George, third Earl.

5. Henry, who sat many years in parliament, of which he was
an active member. He married Anne-Margaret, daughter of John
Bristow, Esq. and by her, who died July 12th, 1788, had issue,
1. Anne-Catharine, married, September 23d, 1784, Montagu
Wilkinson, Esq. 2. Maria -Anne, married Captain Frazer. S.Leo-
nora. 4. Henry, in Holy Orders. Their father died May 10th,
1799, M. P. for Norwich, and Chairman of the Committee of
Ways and Means.

His Lordship died at his house in St. James's Square, London,
on September 22d, 1756; and was succeeded by his eldest son
John, Lord Hobart, second Earl of Buckinghamshire. His Lady,
survived him till September 1762.

John, second Earl of Buckinghamshire, whilst he bore
the title of Lord Hobart, was returned at the general election, in
1747, both for the city of Norwich, and the borough of St. Ives :
but chose his seat for the former j and was Knight of the Shire
for Norfolk, when he succeeded to the peerage. His Lordship,
in February 1762, exhibited a noble instance of public spirit and
regard for matrimony, by allotting an annual donation of ten
guineas to five young women, daughters of freemen of Norwich,
upon their marriage with the sons of freemen. In his father's
lifetime he was comptroller of his Majesty's household ; and soon
after his accession to the peerage, was constituted a Lord of the
Bedchamber, and sworn of the Privy Council. When the present
King ascended the throne, his Lordship was continued at the
council*table, and Lord of the Bedchamber ; which last he re-
signed November 6th, 1767. On July 17th, 1762, he was de-
clared Ambassador-extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Peter III.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 371

Emperor of Russia; but that Prince departing this life about that
time, his Lordship was employed in the same quality to his Im-
perial consort and successor, Catherine II. He resided at the
Russian court till January 1st, 17&5, when he had an audience of
leave of that Princess; and arriving at London, on March 2Sth
following, met with a very gracious reception from his Majesty.
In 177^> his Lordship was appointed Lord Lieutenant General
and General Governor of the kingdom of Ireland ; and arriving
at Dublin on January 3d, 1777* w& immediately sworn into the
said high office, and took upon him the government of the said
kingdom.

His Lordship first married on July 14th, 1761, Mary- Ann,
eldest daughter and coheir of the late Sir Thomas Drury, of Over-
stone, in Northamptonshire, Bart, by whom he had four daugh-
ters.

1. Henrietta, born April 7th> 1762, married in March 1780,
Armar Corry, Earl of Belmore; and being divorced in 1792, re-
married William, Earl of Ancram.

2. Caroline, born February 24th, 1/67, married, June 4th,
1792, the Hon. William Asheton Harbord, eldest son of Lord
Suffield.

3. Sophia, born April 5th, 1768, married, February 25th, 1 789,
Richard Earl of Mount Edgcumbe, and had issue.

And , born December l/6g, of whom her Ladyship died

in childbed, and was buried at Blickling.

His Lordship, on ' September 24th, 177°> to°k to his second
wife, Caroline, daughter of William Conolly, of Stratton-Hall, in
Staffordshire, Esq. by his wife Lady Ann Wentworth, daughter
of William Earl of Strafford, by whom he had issue,

1. Lady Amelia-Anne, born February 20th, baptized March
12th, 1772; married June 9th, 1794, Robert Viscount Castle-
reagh.

2. John Lord Hobart, born August 30th, 1773, and died De-
cember 1st, J775*

3. Henry Philip, born February 11th, baptized March 8th,
1775, and died February 15th, I77G.

4. Lord Hobart, born 1777, died at Dublin Castle, October
30th, 1778.

His Lordship died August 3d, 1 793; and was succeeded by his
next brother,

' Register of marriages in the parish of Sr.» George, Hanover- square.

<*;* PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

George, third Earl of Buckinghamshire, who married,
in May 1757, Albinia, daughter and coheir of Lord Vere Bertie,
by whom he had issue,

1. George, who died young. ^

2. Robert, present Earl.

3. Henry Lewis, in Holy Orders, Prebendary of Canterbury,
and Rector of Chipping Warden, Northamptonshire.

4. George Vere, in the Army, died in the West Indies, 1802,
having married Miss Macleane, daughter of Colonel Macleane,
of Coll, by whom he left issue a son, now a Midshipman on board
the Tigre, &c.

5. Lady Albinia, born 1/59, married Cumberland, Esq.

deceased (son of Richard Cumberland, Esq.), who left issue by
her,

6. Henrietta Anne Barbara, married May 29th, 1789, the
Right Hon. John Sullivan, by whom she has issue.

7. Lady Charlotte, married May 28th, 1789, Edward Desbo-
rough Taylor, Esq.

8. Lady Maria Anne, married September 30th, 1730, George,
late Earl of Guildford, and died in 1/94, leaving a daughter.

The Earl died November 13th, 1804, and was- succeeded by his
eldest son,

Robert, present and fourth Earl, born May 6th, 176O,
brought up in the Army, in which he rose to the rank of Major;
acted as Secretary to the Marquis of Buckingham, when Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland, 17^9 J and to his successor, Lord West-
moreland, 1790> iu 1794, was nominated Governor of Madras,
which he retained till 1797. In 1801, he was made Secretary of
State for the War Department 5 and in February, 1800, Joint
Post-Master General. He was called up by writ to the House of

Lords in 1798. He married, first, Henrietta, relict of Ad-

derley, by whom he had a daughter, Jane, born 1/94; and, se-
condly, June 1st, 1/99, Miss Eden, daughter of Lord Auckland.

Titles. Robert Hobart, Earl of Buckinghamshire, Lord Hobart,
Baron Hobart of Blickling, and Bart.

Creations. Baronet, May 22d, l6ll, Q Jac. I.; Lord Hobart,
Baron Hobart of Blickling, in Norfolk, May 28th, 1728. 1
George IE.; Earl of Buckinghamshire, September 5th, 174(5, 20
George IL

Arms. Sable, a star of eight rays, Or, between two flanches
Ermine.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 3;*.

Crest. On a wreath, a bull passant, party per pale, Sable and
Gules, all bezanty, and a ring in his nose, Or.

Supporters. On the dexter side a stag, on the sinister a talbot,
both proper and reguardant, each having a radiant collar and line,
Or.

MottO. AUCTOR PRETIOSA FACIT.

Chief Scat. At Nocton, Lincolnshire.

374 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

FITZWLLTAM EARL FITZ-WILLIAM.

In 1565, Hugh Fitz-William, of Sprotburgh, in com. Ebor. Esq.
with great cost, care, and industry, collected the records of his
family, from which this account is deduced ; and for the verity
thereof, it will not be improper to relate some particulars, set
forth by the said Hugh Fitz- William, in a very curious manu-
script, now in the custody of the present Earl Fitz- William, be-
ginning thus :

' The burninge of three great Bagges of evidence of the Fitz-
Williams, by Sir Henry Savell, of Tankersley, who married Eli-
zabeth Suthill, sole daughter and heir to Margery Fitz- William,
pretendinge title, by the right of his wife, to the lordshippes of
Emley, Sprotburgh, Warenhall, Darington, Cromwell, Athwike,
Rodington, Basforde, Hathelsey, Plomtree, and others; and mean-
inge thereby to deface the bloode and name forever, hath moved
me, Hugh Fitz- William, nowe eldest sonne to John Fitz- Wil-
liam, late of Sprotburgh, and of Hathilsey, to gather together all
such pieces of evidence and matter of recorde, as by diligent scru-
tiny I could fynde in the Tower, in th' Exchequer, in the Rowles,
and in the office of the Haraldes, thereby to maintayne the right
of the said lordshippes to the bloode and name. And further
to declare, from what noble Progenyes the bloode and name are
descendid, as well within this realm, as in forrayn contreys. The
which accordith with th' olde and new Testament, to mayntayne
antiquity, nobility, and birthright.

' For the veryfyeing of every particular of this descent, and to
shew that Hugh Fitz- William, fourth son to John Fitz- William,
the younger, of Sprotburgh, and of Hathilsey, is now the next
heir male of the Fitz-Williams, Lordes of Emley j and for a per-

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 375

petuall memory of the truth thereof, these gentlemen of the bloodc
and name, whose names are here under written, have subscribed
with th' officers of armes ; whereunto the three Kings of Armes
have sette the seals of their offices,.of every their several provinces,
the thirde day of Maye, in the yere of our Lord MCCCCCLXV,
with their severall declaracions as folio weth, verbatim, videlicet,

■* Whereas it may right well seeme, sondry of honour and wor-
shippe of this name, by slouthe and negligence, have bin omitted
and lefte owte of this lyne, as Sir John Fitzwilliam, Knight, in
the dayes of King Henry the Third ; Sir Raufe Fitzwilliam, Baron
of Gray stoke, in the days of King Edward the First j Sir George
Fitzwilliam, Knight of the Bath, in the days of King Henry the
Eighth; Sir William Fitzwilliam, of Wiudesore, Knight, one of
the Privy chambre to King Edward the Sixt, and others; the
ofFspringe whereof affirme, by reporte of their fathers, that they
be descendid owte of Emley, and Sprotburg. Bat I cannot fynde,
by diligent scrutiny, howe, neither by my evidence, nor matter of
recorde, to their greate displeasure, being utterly owte of helpe,
withoute great costeof further serche. I have therefore thoughte
it good, and my dutie by the -law ©f nature, for justice sake, to
preserve the rest of the lyne, and combyne them togither, for that
they be dispersid into several counties of this realme, and is, by
the la we of God, successively inheritable to the same, accordinge,
as they be sette owte with there due differences in this booke.
Taking God to witness, that I have not omitted, or left owte any
one of the name, that I coulde by eny means have a u thorite for
my doinges, either by evidence, or the memory of manne. And
have traveylid with every one of the name, that I could heere of,
sondry tymes, to my greate costes and charges with theim, and
theire freindes, to know by what auctoritie, either by mater of
recorde,. or memory of manne, that may menteyne ther descent
and birtheright : and have set them foorthe accordingly, and of as
meny as I could obteyne auctoryte for the same. And for a per-
petuall memory of the truthe herof, I have subscribed my name,
the thirde daye of Maye, Anno Domini MCCCCCLXV, and in
the vuth yere of the prosperous reigne of our Sovereyne Lady
Elizabeth, by the grace of God Queene of Englande, France,
and Irelande, defendour of the faith, &c. By me Hugh Fitz-
william de Sprotslurg, in com. Ebor. And hereunto also hath set
my seale of armes [Losenge] with the Kinges of Armes,'

The rest of the family subscribed as follows :

' By me, William Fitzwilliam, of Milton, Knight, and eldest

376 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

brother of that house, with the rest of my Hood, subscribed here-
unto,

f John Fitzwilliam de Milton, in com. Northampton.

f By me Brian Fitzwilliam de Geinsparke, in Essex.

I In the verifyinge of the truthe of this descent, I doo subscribe
my name William Fitzwilliam de Lincolne.

c I have perusid the evidence of the originall of the particulars
of this descent, and for the verifienge of the truth thereof I have
sett to my hande, with the rest of my b/oode and name, by me
Gervis Fitzwilliam ofBentley.

' By me William Fitzwilliam, eldest sonne to John Fitzwilliam
of Kingesley, in Hampshire.

e William Fitzwilliam de P lorn tree.

( George Fitziuilliam of Hathilsey.

' Thomas Fitzivilliam, eldest sonne to Frauncys Fitzwilliam of
Fen ton.

f By me John Fitzwilliam, sonne and heire to Richard Fitzwil-
liam of Ringstede.

' Charles Fitzwilliam de Swandbie, in com. Nottingham.'

Also Sir Gilbert Dethicke, Garter; Harvey, Clarencieuxj and
William Flower, Norroy, King of Arms, signed the following
certificates.

' 1 have exactly examyned this descent, with the recordes of
myne office, and do fynde the same to agree with this bookej
and that the above namyd Hugh Fitzwilliam, sonne to John Fitz-
william, now is the next heire male of Sprotburgh and Elmelcy,
5cc. and for the verification of the truth hereof, I have subscribed
my name, and set to the seale of myne office. Per me G. De-
thicke, alias Garter principall Kinge of Armes, 1565.'

' Although the order of this descent is sufficient to satisfyeeny
judge, alleadginge such auctoritie of recorde and evidence, being
thoroughly perusid and subscribid of the eldist of every severall
braunche of the bloode and name thereof, ratyfyenge the true
naminge and placinge of there cotes, with there due diferences,
of every one of their auncestors, that is to be knowne presently,
either by mater of recorde, or memory of manne, fathers, mothers,
uncles, auntes, brothren and sisters: neverthelesse, being ernestly
requested, I have conferrid the saide descent with the records of
myne office, and also conferried the evidence and recordes men-
tioned in the same with the originalls, brought unto me by Hugh
Fitzwilliam, the next heire male, now of Emley and Sprotburgh,
as it rray appeere by the same. And in the verifyinge the truthe
of every particular of this descent, I have subscribed my name,

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 377

and sette the seale of myne office, the day and yeere above writ-
ten, William Harvey, alias Clarencieux Roy d'Armes.'

' I Norroy Kinge of Armes, have thoroughly perused this de-
scent of Hugh Fitzwilliam, with the bookes of my recordesj and
for the verifyenge of the truth thereof, I have subscribid my
name, and set thereunto the seal of myne office. Per moy Wil-
liam Flower, alias Norrey Roy d'Armes.'

The first mentioned in the said pedigree is Sir William Fitz-
Godric, cousin to King Edward the Confessor. His son and
heir,

Sir William Fitz- William, being Ambassador at the court of
William Duke of Normandy, attended him in his victorious ex-
pedition into England, as Marshal of his army, A.D. 1066-, and
for his bravery at the battle of Hastings,, on October 14th, that
year (when King Harold lost the crown with his life), the Con-
queror gave him a scarf from his own arm. This Sir William Fitz-
William married Emma, daughter and heir of Monsieur de So-
labis, a Norman Knight, and by her was father of

Sir William Fitz- William,* who is said in the manuscript
before mentioned, and in several pedigrees by different antiquaries
and heralds, to have wedded Eleanor, daughter and heir of Sir
John Elmley, of Elmley and Sprotborough, &c. in Yorkshire,
and to have had issue,

Sir William Fitz-William, Lord of Elmley and Sprotburgh,
who was living in 1117, as appears from his agreement that year
with the monks of Biland, wherein he is wrote William son of
William, and grants to the said monks a piece ©f his wood in
Elmley, viz. from the way which comes from the Monk's Mill,
as far as Benetly, and from thence to Dyrne, and so through
Dyrne to the Sart of Simon, and thence through the dry ground
which comes from Simon's houses, to Simon's gate, and to the
highway leading from Emmelie, and so to Walter's Sart, and
thence to Tonelie Dry Way, and so as far as Emmelie-Mill,
and thence to the Monk's-Sart, and so to the Monk's-Mill. And
whatever oak shall be standing, to do with the same as they shall
think proper, and to hold it for ten years, paying fourteen marks
at Michaelmas. And that no person be permitted to meddle with
the said wood besides those who have Sarts there, Simon deTorp's
men, and the men of the upper town, &c. This agreement com-
menced on the day of the incarnation of our Lord, IH7.

a Liber. Coll. marked 4th D. 15, in the Herald's office.

3*8 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. .

To this grant, in a round seal, is represented a man on horse-
back completely armed, and circumscribed, S. Willrm, Filij
Willmi Dni. de Emmalaia. And on the reverse, the arms of Fitz-
William, viz. Lozenge.

This Sir William Fitz- William, or one of his descendants,
caused a cross to be set up in the high-street at Sprotborough,
with these words engraven on brass :b

Whoso is hungry, and list, well eate,

Let him come to Sprodburgh to his meate j

And for a night, and for a day,

His horse shall have both corn and hay,

And no man shall ask him where he goeth away.

Which cross was pulled down in the year of our Lord 1520.

The son and heir of the last Sir William Fitz- William was,
after his own name,c

Sir William Fitz-William, Lord also of Elmlcy and Sprot-
burgh, who had to wife d Ella, daughter and coheir of William
de Warren, Earl of Surrey, grandson of William Earl of Surrey,
by Gundred his wife, daughter of King William the Conqueror,
by Maud, daughter of Baldwin Earl of Flanders,0 and Alice,
daughter of Robert, King of France.

Sir William Fitz-William, the eldest son, succeeded to the
inheritance of Elmly, Sprotburgh, &c. in 1 148, and married Al-
brcda, daughter of Robert de Lisoures, and sister of the half blood
to Robert de Lacy, Lord of Pomfret, alias Pontefract, and also
widow of Richard Fitz-Eustace, Constable of Chester. Sir Wil-
liam Fitz-William left her in her second widowhood, in 1184,

b From manuscript in the custody of the Rt. Hon. William Earl Fitz-William #
c Chitting & Jekyl, praed. . <1 lb. & MSS. praed. p. 3, & 4.

e Which Baldwin was lineally descended from Baldwin, Forestier de Ardern,
first Earl of Flanders, and his wife Judith, the widow of Ethelwolf King of Eng-
land, and daughter of Charles the Bald, King of France, son of Lewis King of
Francis, son of Charlemagne, King of France, and Emperor of the Romans. By
which great Lady Sir William Fitz-William had issue two sons, Sir William Fitz-
William, and Roger Fitz-William,* to whom William, Earl Warren, gave the
lordship of Gretewell, to him, his heirs and assigns, paying yearly, at Whitsuntide,
two pair of gilt spurs. To which grant is appendant, on a seal, a man completely
armed on a courser, and on the reverse, a shield chequy, the arms of the said Earl.

* Ibid. MSS. p. 4,

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 379

and she was living in 1 J 93, as f appears by a fine levied April 1st,
that year, and to which is appendant the broad seal of King Ri-
chard I. There are likewise deeds, in the said manuscript, of
the before-mentioned Albreda, which prove she had a son, Sir
William Fitz-William, and a daughter, Donatia, to whom she
gave lands in Crowle, Sir William Fitz- William, her son, joining
in the conveyance ; to which is a round seal of the arms of Fitz-
William.

The said Sir William Fitz- William (son of Albreda), is men-
tioned in several deeds without date, whereunto the arms the
family now bear are appendant. And by a fine levied at Leicester,
on Wednesday after the feast of St. Andrew, in 120S, he grants
the advowson of Marham-church to Friar Hemet, master of the
Knights Templars in England. He married Ella, daughter to
Hameline Plantagenet, natural brother to King Henry II. and Earl
of Surrey, in right of his wife Isabel, daughter of William de
Warren, Earl of Surrey. By the said Ella, Sir William had a son
and heir,

Sir Thomas Fitz-William, who in 1226, 10 Henry III. con-
firmed the grant, which Albreda his grandmother made to the
priory of Haverholme (in Lincolnshire), of lands in Wardcberg.
He also granted to the said priory, the Wold from Chipston to-
wards Daneberhon, and from Stanton to Cotgrave, paying yearly
half a mark. He married Agnes daughter of Roger Bertram,
Baron of Mitford, in Northumberland, and sister of Roger; and
had with her by way of portion, the manor of Steinton, besides a
rent of 50 s. yearly, in the manor of Gretam, by grant from the
said Roger, to him and such heirs as he should beget of the said
Agnes. In 2fj Henry III. the truces being broke between the
King of England and Lewis VIII. King of France, he was com-
manded to repair to the King with horses and arms, according to
the service he owed, in order to enter France, and thereby gain
honour to himself and the kingdom. This Sir Thomas had, in
37 Henry III.h a charter for free warren in his lordships of
Plumetree, in Nottinghamshire, Bambrough, and Darrington, in
Yorkshire ; and for a market at his manor of Elmley every week,
on Thursday, and a fair to be held every year, on the eve and
day of Holy-Cross, and the three following days. In 1253, he
granted and confirmed to Roche Abby all those lands, tenements,

f MSS. ut antea. p. & seq.
t Rymer'sFoedera, Vol. I. p. 404. { h Claus. 27 Henry III.

380 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

&c. which they held in the town of Mar, by gift of Jordan, son
of Philip de Mar. He also gave lands to Byland Abbey, and Ham-
pal j likewise confirmed the gift of John, Constable of Chester,
his uncle, to Welbeck-Abbey. He left issue,

1. Sir William, who succeeded him.

2. Sir Roger, to whom he gave the lordship of Woodhall.
And,

3. Peter, to whom he gave the lands in Denby, alias Denbigh.
Also four daughters: Margaret, to whom he gave lands in

Thorpe, Rytone, Lyme, and Hallyhopej and to his daughter
Agnes, lands in Hangthwaite, Adwick, and Stedfold ; also to
another, named Bartha, he gave Steanton, and Ramita; and the
fourth, Albreda, was married to Sir Richard Walleis, of Burgh-
walleis, Knt. all of which is proved by ancient evidences.

The said Sir Roger Fitz- William, of Woodhall, second son,
wedded Maud, daughter of Sir John Bosvile, of Erdesley; and by
her had an only son and heir, John Fitz-William, who, by Alice
his wife, daughter of William Middleton, of Stockeld, in York-
shire, was father of another John Fitz-William, who married
Catharine, daughter and coheir of Robert Haringal, of the county
of York (by Margaret his wife, daughter of William St. George,
of Hatley St. George, Cambridgeshire), and by her had issue, two
sons, Thomas and Roger, who died bachelors j and four daugh-
ters j viz. Isabel, the wife of Thomas Barley, of Woodsom, in
Yorkshire j and Catharine, Margaret, and Joan, nuns. The said
Thomas Barley, by his wife Isabel, had two daughters, Marga-
ret, married to John Drax, Esq. who in her right became lord
of Woodhall ; and Mary, wedded to John Bosvile, of Erdesley,
Esq.

Sir William Fitz-William, eldest son of Sir Thomas, married
Agnes, daughter of Richard Lord Grey, of Codnor. To this Sir
William, Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, gave a fee of
twenty marks per annum; and he was also seised of four Knights
fees in the honour of Pontefract, viz. one in Darrington, and
three of Lizours, in Sprotburgh, Cateby, Athwick, and elsewhere.
By fine, in 48 Henry III. he granted, in dower, to Agnes his
mother, the manor of Plumtree, in com. Nottingham, during her
life. By indenture, dated at Pontefract, March 25th, 1287, he
binds himself to Edward and his heirs, in all his lands and chat-
tels, and made oath to assist him, and his heirs, in all quarrels
and enterprizes. In the same year, on November 10th, the King
granted him licence to turn the highway, which was through the

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM, 381

middle of his Park at Elmley, provided he made another way of
the same length and breadth, through the western part of that
Park, commodious for passengers, to contain in length 380
perches, and 60 feet of land. In 1Q Edward I. the King from
Roxburgh, on January 2gth, signifies, that, understanding his
faithful Knight, Sir William de Fitz- William, is in such an ill
state of body that he cannot well travel j and having sent him
two armed men and two archers, who are in his army in Scotland,
therefore he excuses his coming to him, and commands his being
not molested on that account.

Sir William Fitz- William, his son and heir, by the said
Agnes, married Maud, daughter of Edward Lord Deyncourt; and
was found by inquisition, bearing date the 5th Edward II. to be
one of the heirs of Roger Bertram, Baron of Mitteford. In the
first year of Edward III. he was summoned to Parliament among
the Barons of this realm j and in the fifth of that reign, gave
lands to the nunnery of Hampall, near Doncaster, in Yorkshire.
By his said wife, Maud, he had four sons.

1 . Sir John Fitz-William, his heir.

2. Robert Fitz-William.

3. Thomas Fitz-William, who married Elizabeth, daughter and
heir of Sir Thomas Mablethorp, of Mablethorp (otherwise Mai-
lerthorp), in the county of Lincoln, Knt, and from them the
Fitz- Williams of that place are descended. And,

4. Richard Fitz-William.

By the same Lady he was also father of five daughters; 1. Eli-
zabeth, wedded to Sir Thomas Musgrave, of Hartley-castle, in
Westmoreland, Knt. 2. Margaret, to Henry de Pierrepoint, an-
cestor to the Dukes of Kingston j 3. Joan, said by some to be the
wife of Sir William Trusbut j 4. Agnes j and, 5. Isabel, mar-
ried to William Bingham, Lord of Bingham, in Nottingham-
shire.

Sir John Fitz-William, Knt. the eldest son, married Joan,
daughter of Sir Adam Reresby, and was seised of Skelton, and
West-Drayton. He died about the 24th of Edward III. having
had issue Sir John, his heir j and Elizabeth, married to Reginald
Lord Mohun.

Sir John Fitz-William, son and heir of Sir John, was seised
of the lordship of Shadestre; and John Thursby, Archbishop of
York, did homage to him in 1353, for lands held of him. This
Sir John, in 1372, founded the chantry of St. Edward in the

382 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

church of Sprotburgh ; and having wedded Elizabeth, daughter
of William Lord Clinton, had by her three sons.

1. Sir William, his heir, of whom more fully, as ancestor to
the present Earl Fitz-William.

2. Richard Fitz-William, to whom he gave in reversion, East,
West, and Middle Haddlesey. And,

3. Edmond Fitz-William, of whom and his posterity, after
giving an account of his sisters, who were,

1. Joan, first married to Thomas Stapleton, Esq. son and heir
of Sir Miles Stapleton ; and, secondly, to John Felton, Esq. 2.
Anne, wedded to Sir Henry Hastings, of Ficeringlith, Knt. And,
3. Isabel, to Sir Bryan Thornhill, Knt.

Edmond Fitz-William, third son of Sir John, before mentioned,
was possessed of Stainton, Salt-FIetby, Castle-Drayton, Skelman-
thorp, Bilham, Sandall, and Wadsworth, as appears by his will
dated the 6th year of the reign of Richard II. and having espoused

, daughter of Sir John Hotham, of Scarborough, Knt. had

by her an only son and her, Edmund Fitz-William, who, by Ca-
tharine his wife, daughter of Sir John Clifton, Knt. had a son
and heir, Sir Richard Fitz-William, and a daughter, Catharine,
married to Sir Richard Sutton, Knt. The said Sir Richard Fitz-
William lies buried at Ecclesfield j having had by Elizabeth his
wife, daughter and heir of Thomas Clarel, of Aldwark, in York-
shire, six sons; 1. Sir Thomas Fitz-William, his heir. 2. Ri-
chard Fitz-William. 3. Edward, ancestor of the Fitz- Williams
of Claworth, in the county of Nottingham. 4. Edmund Fitz-
William. 5. George, from whom the Fitz- Williams of Kings-
ley, in Hampshire. And, 6. Humphrey Fitz-William. Sir Ri-
chard, by the same wife, had also five daughters : 1. Elizabeth,
married to her cousin, John Fitz-William, of Sprotborough, after
mentioned. 2. Isabella, wedded to William Wentworih, of
Wentworth-Woodhouse, ancestor to the Earls of Strafford. 3.
Margaret, to Ralph Reresby of Yorkshire. 4. Anne, to Sir Wil-
liam Myrefield, Knt. And, 5. Catherine, to Sir John Skipwith,
of Ormesby, in Lincolnshire, Knt. ancestor of the Baronets of
Newbold-hall, in Warwickshire. Sir Thomas Fitz-William, eldest
son of Sir Richard, was seated at Aldwark aforesaid 5 and by
Lucy his wife, daughter and coheir of John Nevil, Marquis Mon-
tacute, or Montague, besides two daughters, viz. Margaret, mar-
ried to Sir William Gascoigne, of Gauthorpe, Knt. and Elizabeth,
who had two husbands 5 first, §ir William Maleverer (in some

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 383*

pedigrees called Thomas), and, secondly, Sir Nicholas Hervay,
Knts. had three sons j l. Thomas, his heir, who was killed at
Flodden, on September 9th, 1513, 5 Henry VIII. and by Anne
his wife, daughter of Sir Nicholas Pagenham (by some called
Hugh), had a son, William, who died unmarried; and also three
daughters; Alice, wedded to Sir James Foljambe, of Walton, in
Derbyshire, Knt. but left no issue j Anne, who died unmarried j
and Margaret, the wife of Godfrey Foljambe, Esq. brother to
Sir James. 2. John Fitz-William, who fell with his elder bro-
ther at Flodden, unmarried. And, 3. William Fitz -William r
who enjoyed the great offices of Vice-admiral of the Fleet, Trea-
surer of the King's household, Chancellor of the duchy of Lan-
caster, Admiral of England, Wales, Ireland, &c. and Lord Privy-
seal, in the reign of Henry VIII. by whom he was, moreover,,
created Earl of Southampton,1 by letters patent dated October
18th, 1537. This eminent statesman and warrior, who was also
Knight of the Garter, died A.D. 1543, and lies interred at Mid-
hurst, in Sussex ; but left no issue by Mabel his wife, daughter
of Henry Lord Clifford, and sister to Henry first Earl of Cum-
berland } whereupon his two surviving nieces aforesaid were his
heirs.

Having thus deduced the posterity of Edmond Fitz-William,,
third son of Sir John Fitz-William, by Elizabeth his wife, Lord
Clinton's daughter, we shall proceed with the descent of Sir Wil-
liam Fitz-William, the eldest son, ancestor to the present Earl.
Fitz-William.

The said Sir William Fitz-William wedded Maud, daughter of
Ralph Lord Cromwell, of Tattershall, and coheir to her nephew,
Ralph Lord Cromwell, Treasurer of England in the reign of
Henry VI. and by her was father of one son and two daughters;
viz. Sir John, his heir; Joanna, married to Sir Henry Suthill,
of Suthill-hall j and Elizabeth, to Sir Robert Rockley, o£
Rockley.

Sir John, the only son and heir, received homage from Henry
Bowett, Archbishop of York, as his grandfather, Sir John, had
done from Archbishop Thursby; and departed this life in 1418.
By Eleanor his wife, daughter of Sir Henry Green, of Drayton,
hj had a daughter, Maud, wedded to William Bosvile, of Erdes-
ley : and also six sons.

* See • fin? portrait of him among the Holbein Heads, published by Chamber*
laiae.

384 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1. John, his heir, of whom afterwards.

2. Nicholas, who was seated at Aldwick, and by Margery his
wife, daughter of John Causley, had a son, John, who died with-
out issue.

3. Ralph Fitz-William, captain of the castle and county of Sal-
vaterra, in France, of whose descendants afterwards.

4. Robert Fitz-William, who was seated at Bentley, and had a
son, Ralph, who left one son, named Nicholas, who, by Alice his
wife, daughter of Robert Bayldon, was father of Gervis Fitz-Wil-
liam (who died without issue), and two daughters; Elizabeth and
Margaret.

5. William Fitz-William, who died at Plumtree. And,

6. John Fitz-William, of Milton and Green's-Norton, in
Northamptonshire, Esq. ancestor to the Earl Fit%~William.

But before we proceed with this line, we shall give an account
of the descendants of John and Ralph, the first and third sons of
Sir John Fitz-William, his elder brothers.

John, the eldest son, departed this life, A.D. 1421, and had
sepulture at Sprotburgh. By Margaret his wife, daughter of
Thomas Clarell, of Aldwark, in the county of York, he was fa-
ther of two sons and a daughter j viz. William, his heir; Hugh;
and Eleanor, the spouse of Sir William Ryder.

William, the eldest son and heir, wedded Elizabeth, daughter
of Sir Thomas Chaworth, of Wiverton, in Nottinghamshire, Knt.
and by her had

Sir William, his only son and heir, and two daughters, Isabel,
married to Richard Wentworth, of Bretton, in Yorkshire, Esq.
progenitor to the knightly family seated there ; and Catherine,
the wife of Sir Thomas Wortley, of Wortley, in the said county
of York, Knt.

Sir William, the only son, aforesaid, wedded Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir John Conyers, of Sockburne, in the palatinate of Dur-
ham, and Hornby Castle, in Yorkshire, Knt, and by her was
father of five children; 1. John, his heir. 2. Richard, who died
without issue. 3. William, who also died without issue. 4. Mar-
gery, the wife of Thomas Suthill, of Suthill-hall, Esq. whose
daughter and heir, Elizabeth, was wedded to Sir Henry Savile, of
Tankersley, Knight of the Bath, mentioned in the before quoted
collection made by Hugh Fitz-William. And, 5. Dorothy, mar-
ried to Sir William Copley, of Copley, in Yorkshire, Knt. Sir
William departed this life in 1494, and had interment at Sprot-
burgh.

£ARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 385

John", his eldest son/died before him, in 1400} and having
■wedded Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Richard Fitz-William,
before mentioned^ had by her an only son,

William, who succeeded his grandfather, but left no issue by
Margery his wife, daughter of Sir Robert Broughton, Knt. and
was the last heir male of the eldest line of Fitz-William of Sprot-
burgh (or Sprotborough), and Elmley.

The following is a copy of his will (shewed in the office of arms,
unto Robert Cook alias Clarencieux, and William Flower alias
Norroy,'King of Arms), under the seal of the Fitzwilliams, and
the Chancellor's seal, subscribed by a pub lick Notary.

' In the name of God, so be it, the 5th day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1516. I William Fitz-William, of Sprotborough,
Esq. of whole mind and perfect remembrance, thanked be God,
maketh this my last will and testament, of all my lands in rever-
sion, and will that William Lord Conyers, and all other my co-
feorTees, and their heirs, that be specified in a deed of feoffment,
bearing date the 27th of January, in the 7th year of King Henry
the Eighth, after my debts and legacies paid, and after the death
of Thomas Suthill, of Suthill-Hall, Margery his wife, and Eliza-
beth Suthill his daughter, stand seised of my manors of Emley,
Darrington, and Hathilsay, and their appurtenances, in the county
of York, to the use of John Fitzwilliam of Sprotborough, and to
his heirs and assigns for ever, eldest son to Ralph Fitzwilliam
that was Captain De Salva Terra in France, in Henry the Sixth's
days, and was third son of Sir John Fitzwilliam of Sprotborough,
Knight, Lord of Elmley 3 for whereas William Fitzwilliam, my
dear ancestor, entailed the aforesaid lordships, with the manor of
Plumtree in com. Nottingham, to the said John Fitzwilliam and
his heirs male, it shall never be justly said of me, that I am a
hinderer of him, and his being of my blood, and name, which
God hath so long blessed with worship and ancienty, that I think
all such as go about to prejudice the same, cannot avoid his plague
and indignation : and therefore I have given nothing away at
all from the said John, and his heirs ; but only to Margaret my
wife, for term of life, and to the above written Thomas, Marga-
ret, and Elizabeth, for term of their lives, to pay my debts and
legacies ; in consideration whereof I do give unto the said John
Fitzwilliam, and his heirs for ever, my manor of Cromwell, with
the appurtenances in com. Nottingham, after the decease of the

vol. iv. 2 c

380 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

said Thomas Suthill, and Margery his wife, and Elizabeth his
daughter. In witness whereof, I have set to my seal the day and
year above written, in the presence of these witnesses; Sir Thomas
Rockley, Knight; John Everingham, Parson of Sprotborough ;
Hugh Boswell, Parson of Darfield; Sir Thomas Silles, Priest; and
others.'

Having thus traced the descent of John, the eldest son of Sir
John Fitz-William, by Eleanor Green, we shall next go on with
that of Ralph, the third son, before mentioned, who was captain
of the castle and county of Salva Terra, in France, as appears
by his patent bearing date 1441 , the 19th year of King Henry VI.
He married Joan, daughter of Richard Bolton, Esq. and had issue,
John, his eldest son and heir; William; Elizabeth, and Joan,
married to William Holmes, of Holmes-hall, Esq.

John Fitz-William, of Sprotborough, and Hadlesey, Esq. his
eldest son and heir, married Margery, daughter of John Ctare-
vaulx, of Croft-Hall, Esq. and had issue, John, William, and
Margaret, married to John Cranmer, of Aslacton, Esq. eldest
brother of the renowned Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Can-
terbury.

John Fitz William, Esq. eldest son and heir of John, Lord of
Sprotborough and Hadlesey, was living in the 9th of King Henry
VIII. He married Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of Chris-
topher D'Amory, of Crockwell Grange: and by her had issue
nine sons; of whom, Ralph died young; Anthony, second son,
died in London, anno 1540; John, third son, went beyond sea m
the last year of King Henry VIII where he died in 1562; Hugh,
the fourth son, was put young to William Fitz-William, Earl of
Southampton aforesaid, when King Henry VIII. was at York;
went into Italy in the reign of Queen Mary, as appears by her
licence, bearing date October 14th, 1554, the second year of her
reign, returned to England, and made the before-mentioned col-
lection of vouchers relating to his family; Ralph, fifth son, tra-
velled into Spain; William, sixth son, went into Ireland; George,
seventh son; Nicholas, the eighth son, died at London; and Tho-
mas, ninth son. The said John Fitz-William had also two daugh-
ters ; Elizabeth and Anne.

Having thus brought the male branches of Woodhall, Aldwark,
and Sprotborough, to a period, we shall proceed with that of John
Fitz-William, of Milton and Green's- Nor ton, in Northampton-
shire, Esq. (sixth son of Sir Henry Fitz-William, by his wife
Eleanor, daughter to Sir Henry Green, of Drayton), before men-

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 387

tioned, lineil ancestor to the present Earl Fitz- William, chief of
all the families of his ancient and illustrious surname.

This John Fitz- William, of Milton, &c. married Ellen (or
Eleanor), daughter of William Villiers, of Brokesby, in the county
of Leicester, Esq. and by her had three sons.

1. Sir William, his heir.

2. Bartholomew. And,

3. Richard, who was of the city of London, and by — — — his

Wife, daughter of — Harris, is said to have had a daughter

i — — wedded to Robert Denham.

By the same Lady, John Fitz-William, Esq. was also father of
two daughters j 1. Elizabeth, successively married to Thomas
Rolleston, of Rolleston (commonly Rolston), in Staffordshire,
Esq. (k whose only daughter and heir, Isabel, was wife of Richard
Peshall, Esq. of Horsley, com. Staff.) ; and Richard Francis, of
Formark, in the county of Derby j and, 2. Mary, who also had
two husbands j first, Thomas Waddington, Esq.; and, secondly,
Richard Ogle, of Pinchbeck, in Lincolnshire, Esq.

Sir William Fitz-William, the eldest son, was of Milton
aforesaid, of Geinsparke (or Gaines-park halls), in Essex, and also
of the city of London, of which he was Sheriff" in 1506, and was
also Alderman of Bread-street ward, and rebuilt the greatest part
of the church of St. Andrew Undershaft at his own expense. He
served the office of Sheriff for Essex in 1514, and in 1521 for
Northamptonshire. He had been for some time retained in the
service of Cardinal Wolsey, and retiring afterwards to his house
at Milton,1 there gave his old master, the Cardinal, kind enter-
tainment when he was in disgrace ; and being interrogated by his
Majesty how he durst entertain so great an enemy to the state ?
he answered, that he had not contemptuously or wilfully done it,
in disobedience to his Majesty, but only as the Cardinal had been
his master, and (partly) the means of his greatest fortunes : at
which answer the King was so well pleased, that, saying he had
few such servants, he immediately knighted him, and made him
one of his Privy-Council. The said Sir William Fitz-William
gave a charity of 121. 13s. 4d. to the poor of Marham, in the
county of Northampton, payable by the company of Merchant-
taylors of London, for ever, out of the revenues belonging to
their company j and also gave a charity to maintain six poor wo-
men in an alms-house at Gainspark-Hall, in Essex, payable like-

k Stemm, Peihall in Vitit. com. Staff. 1 Stow's Survey, p. 89.

388 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wise by the Merchant-taylors company, for ever, out of their
revenues. This noble Knight was possessed of a great estate, and
was very prudent, munificent, and charitable j which is apparent
from the following abstract of his last will and testament, dated
May 2 1 st, 1534, 20 Henry VIII.

Writing himself Sir William Fitz- William, the elder, of Mil-
ton, in the county of Northampton,1" Knt. he bequeaths his body
to be buried in the new chancel at Marham, in the said county of
Northampton, which he had of late caused to be made, and newly
edificed there, and that his executors cause a tomb of marble to
be made there, with a scripture making mention of his name, as
shall be devised by his executors ; and wherever he happens to
decease within the realm of England, that his corpse be conveyed
to the said chancel of Marham.

He charges his executors that, without fraud and delay, they
cause to be immediately paid all just debts at the time of his de-
cease, and expenses of his funeral ; and make such restitution to
every person, or persons, as they could duly prove he had injured
them. And if he happens to decease in London, he bequeaths
five pounds to the five orders of Friers within that city, viz. the
Grey Friers, the Black Friers, Augustine Friers, White Friers,
and the Crossed Friers ; to the intent that they should bring forth
his corpse (if he deceases there), out of the liberties of the said
city, and to have, in each of the said places, a trental of masses.
Also to the four orders of Friers of Stamford, if they be at his
burial at Marham, four pounds, they saying a trental of masses,
in every of their places, for his soul, and all christian souls.

He likewise bequeathed 40 s. to each of the parishes of St. Pe-
ter the Poor's church, and St. Thomas the Apostle, within London,
and the like sum to the parish of Theydon, in the county of
Essex, they saying a trental of masses as aforesaid. And to the
marriages of poor maidens 1001. sterling, to be distributed by the
discretion of his executors, as well amongst his tenants within
the counties of Northampton and Essex, as within the city of
London. And remits and forgives all such poor as be in his debt,
and not able to content the same, whose names appeareth in his
seventh book of debts, under whose names he had written these
words, Amore Dei Remitto ; and wills that they be in no wise
troubled for the same by his executors.

And whereas he had given, and executed by indentures, to his
right dear and well-beloved wife, Dame Jane Fitz- William, for

■ Ex Rcgist. vocat Hogen in Cur. Praerog. Cuituar.

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 389

term of her life, the manors of Hennials, Maydells, Marshalls,
and Arneways, with other lands and tenements, in the county of
Essex, for, and in the name of her jointure, he wills that she
shall peaceably enjoy the same, and after to descend to Sir William
Fitz -William, his eldest son. He farther bequeaths to her his
bason, with the ewer thereunto, of silver gilt, and several other
pieces of plate there specified ; and 500 marks sterling, on con-
dition that she suffer Robert Dormer, Esq. to enjoy the manor of
Eythorpe, with the appurtenances, according to a lease made by
him, the said Sir William Fitz- William, he paying her yearly
100 1. sterling, during her life, for the same manor, &c. Also,
that the said Dame Jane, his wife, shall have the possession of his
mansion-hoase, &c. within the parish of St. Thomas the Apostle,
in the city of London, during her life, whilst she remained his
widow, on condition of paying 41. per annum to his executors,
which he orders them to bestow yearly, for the delivery of poor
prisoners within the city of London, that shall be acquitted and
remain for their fees.

He bequeaths to the poor scholars within the universities of
Oxford and Cambridge 40 1. to be distributed by the advice of
two Doctors of Divinity, and 30 1. amongst poor people; also
501. on the making the highway between Gaynes-Park-Hall and
Chigvvell, in Essex; also the like sum of 501. to mending the
highways between Thornhaugh and Sawtrey-Chapel, in the
county of Huntingdon. And to the prior and convent of Clerk-
enwell, in London, 10 1. to have a dirge and mass for his soul
within their monastery. Also to the master and wardens of the
fellowship of Merchant-taylors, in the city of London, his best
standing gilt cups with covers, for a perpetual remembrance of
him, to be kept in their hall, and they to pray for his soul.

He bequeaths to Sir William Fitz- William,, his eldest son, 300
marks sterling, with all his harness and coats of fence, in his gal"
lery chamber; his rich briganders, his cross of gold with a ruby,
set with three diamonds, on condition he keepeth it as long as he
liveth ; likewise several pieces of plate, and all his household-
stuff, &c. at Gaynes-Park-Hall, and his manor place of Milton.
He further, besides his wife's jointure before specified, settles on
him his manors of Milton, Marholme, alias Marham, Etton cum
Woodcroft, Butlers, Thoroldes, Mynskipes, and Gaynes-Park*
Hall, and all and singular his other manors, &c. within the coun-
ties of Northampton, Essex, and Lincoln, not by his will be-
queathed. To hold to his said eldest son and heir, Sir William,

3C>0 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

William, for the term of eighty years, if he should so long live,
and after to his grandson, William Fitz-William, and his heirs
male ; in default to John Fitz- William, second son, in tail malej
in default to Brian Fitz- William, third son of his said eldest son,
Sir William Fitz- William ; in default to the heirs male of the
body of the said Sir William Fitz-William their father ; in default
to Richard Fitz-William, in tail male; in default to Christopher
Fitz-William; in default to Francis Fitz-William; in default to
Thomas Fitz-William; sons of him the said Sir William Fitz-
William the elder ; in default to the daughterss of the said Sir
William Fitz-William, viz. Elizabeth, Anne, Ellen, and Mary,
for their lives only ; and after their decease, to the right heirs of
the body of Sir William Fitz-William, his eldest son; in default
to the right heirs of his brothers before recitecl, in tail; in default
to the next heirs of him the said Sir William Fitz-William the
elder.

On Richard Fitz-William, his second son, he settles his lands
at Lambourn, in the county of Essex, and all such manors, &c.
specified in indentures between him the said Sir William Fitz-
William, Sir John Dansie, Knt, John Cheney, and Anthony Bab-
ington, Esqrs. dated the lfjth of November, 20 Henry the
Eighth, to the use of the said Richard, and the heirs male of his
body ; in default to William Fitz-William, his elder brother, in
tail male; in default to Christopher, Francis, and Thomas, be-
fore mentioned, younger sons of him the said Sir William Fitz-»
William. Also his manors of Colys, Ringstede, and Raunds, with
the appurtenances, in the county of Northampton, lately bought
of Robert Dormer, Esq. and of the manors of Champneys and
Forsters, in Wiggington, in the county of Hertford; with the like
remainders.

He bequeaths to Christopher Fitz-William, his third son, 500
marks, to purchase lands, &:c. to him, and the heirs of his body
lawfully begotten ; also his mansion and dwelling-place, with the
garden and other appurtenances, in the parish of St. Peter, in
Bread-street, London, to him, and the heirs male of his body ;
in default, with like . remainders to his brothers, as aforemen-
tioned.

On Francis, his fourth son, he settled his manor of Fcnton, in
tcora. Line, and on the heirs male of his body; in default, with
like remainders on his brothers.

Qn Thomas Fitz-William, his youngest son, he settled the ma^
nor of Northborough, alias Norborough, with the appurtenances,

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 3pl

in com. Northamp. and on the heirs male of his body; in default
to Sir William Fitz-William, his eldest son; in default with like
remainders on his brothers before mentioned, in tail male.

He bequeaths to his singular good lord, the Earl of Wiltshire,
Thomas, father of Queen Anne Boleyn, his rich rose of diamond
and rubies, beseeching him to be aiding to his executors, in the
performance of his will. He also bequeathed legacies and annui-
ties to several of his servants, particularly mentioned, payable out
of his manor of Etton, in Northamptonshire. He constitutes his
executors, John Baker, Esq. Recorder of London; Anthony Cook,
the younger, Esq.; Richard Waddington, his cousin; and his
cousin Richard Ogle, the younger : and they to dispose of all his
goods and chatties, pay his debts, legacies, and bequests. And
directs, that the residue of his plate, jewels, ready money, &c.
and whatsoever he has not bequeathed by this his last will, shall
be divided into two parts; the one half among his children in-
differently, and the other to his poor kinsfolks, and for the health
and profit of his soul, according to the discretion of his execu-
tors.

He died at his house, in the parish of St. Thomas the Apostle,
in London, on August 9th, 1534, and was buried at Marham
aforesaid, where a tomb is erected to his memory.

He married, to his first wife, Anne, daughter to Sir John
Hawes, of the city of London, Knt. Mildred, his second wife,
was second daughter to Richard Sackville, of Buckhurst, in the
parish of Withiam, in the county of Sussex, Esq. ancestor to the
present Duke of Dorset ; and his third wife was Jane, daughter,
to John Ormond, or Ormond, but by her he had no issue,

By his first wife, he had two sons.

1 . Sir William, his heir. And,

2. Richard, who was seated at Ringstede, in the county of

Northampton, and by his wife, — daughter of , had

a son, John Fitz- William, who died without issue, A.D. 1568.

Sir William, by the same Lady, was also father of two daugh-
ters, viz. Elizabeth, married to Sir Thomas Brudenell, of Deane,
in Northamptonshire, ancestor to the Earl of Cardigan; and
Anne, wedded to Sir Anthony Coke, of Giddy (or Gedney) hall,
in Essex, who by her had a daughter, Mildred, who is celebrated
for her knowledge in the Greek tongue, by the learned Roger
Ascham, in his Epistles, and was the second wife of William Ce-
cil, Lord Burleigh, Lord High Treasurer of England ; who, by
Jier, was father of Robert the first Earl of Salisbury,

392 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sir William Fitz- William, by his second wife, besides two
daughters, Eleanor, married to Sir Nicholas Strange, of Hunstan-
ton, in Norfolk, Knt. and Mary, successively wedded to Sir Wil-
liam Shelley and Sir John Guilford, Knights, had three sons.

3. Christopher, who died without issue.

4. Francis, of Fen ton, in Lincolnshire, who by his wife, Eliza*-
beth, daughter of William Saintpere, was father of Henry, who,
by his first wife, Frances, daughter of Sir James Foljambe, Knt.
had no issue ; but by his second, Elizabeth, daughter of Henry
Armstrong, of Blithburgh, Esq. had two sons, Henry and Wil-
liam, who both died issueless j and five daughters ; Elizabeth,
Anne, Joan, Mary, and Mildred. And,

5. Thomas of Northborough (or Norborough), in Northamp-
tonshire, who married Alice, daughter of William Rufford.

Sir William Fitz-William, the eldest son and heir of Sir Wil-
liam, succeeded his father in 1534, at Milton, and Gaines-Park-
Hall ; and, by his will, had also the manors of Hennals, Madells,
and Marshals, in the county of Essex j also the manors of Mar-
ham, Etton, Woodcroft, Butlers, Thorolds, Minskipes, and alj
and singular his other manors, lands, &c. in the counties of North-
ampton, Essex, and Lincoln, not otherwise bequeathed by him
in his will. This Sir William Fitz-William married Anne, daugh-
ter to Sir Richard Sapcote, of Elton, in the county of Huntingdon,
Knt. by v/hom he had four sons, and a daughter, named Chris-
tian, first married to Sir Richard Wingfield, Knt. Lieutenant of
Portsmouth ; and^ secondly, to Sir George Delves, Knt. one of the
Gentlemen Pensioners to Queen Elizabeth. The sons were,

1. Sir William.

2, John. 3. Bryan.

And, 4. another John, who was trained up in France ; and
when Queen Mary involved England in a war, in behalf of her
husband, Philip II. King of Spain, against the French monarch,
Henry II. in 1557, he was appointed maistre de camp to the Eng-
lish auxiliaries. He also served in Ireland against the great rebel
O'Neile, whom he defeated in 1567, and died without issue j as
did Bryan his brother, who was a Captain, and in 1569 served
against the rebels in the north of Ireland ; whither he went again
in 1580, in company with Sir William Russell, son to the Earl of
Bedford," with 150 horse, raised by the clergy of England.

Sir William, the eldest son, was sole heir to his father, and

» Cox's H-Istory of Ireland, p. 36?.

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 393

succeeded him at Milton, &c. The said Sir William was born
in the year 1526; and being bred up under the tuition, and in the
service of his kinsman, by the mother, John Lord Russel, Lord
Privy-Seal, and first Earl of Bedford, of that noble family, was
by him preferred to Edward VI. by whom he was made Marshal
of the King's Bench ; and was afterwards employed by Queen
Mary, in Ireland, under Thomas RatclifF, Earl of Sussex, the
Lieutenant of that kingdom. On July 24th, 1559, the first of
Queen Elizabeth, he was by letters-patent made Vice-Treasurer,
and Treasurer at War, in the said realm, and so continued until
the 14th year of that Queen's reign. In the interim, notwith-
standing his employments in those offices, the same Queen called
him to a greater authority, making him five several times Gover-
nor over that realm, as particularly hereafter followeth :

Imprimis, by letters patent, bearing date at Westminster, January
18th, 1560, he was Lord Deputy, and received his oath, and her
Highness's sword, in the presence of divers of the Nobility and
Commons, at Christ Church, in Dublin, February 15th following,
and so continued until June 25th, 1561.

Item, by letters patent, dated January 10th, 1561, he was made
Lord Justice the second time, and again received his oath, and
her Highness's sword, as aforesaid, at Christ Church, February 2d
following, and so continued till June 5th, 1562.

Item, by other letters patent, dated December 20th, he was
made Lord Justice the third time; and likewise received his oath
and the sword, as before, at Christ Church, January 22d fol-
lowing, anno 1562, and so continued until the 29th of July,
1563.

Item, by other letters patent, dated October 9th, 1566, he wa*
made Lord Justice the fourth time, and also received his oath,
and the sword, at Christ Church, the same day, together with
Dr. Weston, then Lord Chancellor (joined with him in the pa^.
tent), and so he continued until the 28th of October, 1567.

Item, by other letters patent, dated April 1st, he was made
Lord Justice the fifth time, and then also received his oath, and
the sword, as before, at Christ Church, the same day, 1570, being
elected and chosen thereunto by the Nobility and Commons of
the said realm, according to a statute in such case set forth and
provided, and so he continued until the eleventh of December
1571, and received his oath, and the sword, as aforesaid, at St.
Patrick's, the 13th of January following, and so continued un-
til the 5th pf August 1575; at which time Sir Edward Fitton,

3g* PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Knt. was sent over to be his successor in the office of Vice-Trea-
surer, and Treasurer at War, as aforesaid.

Item, by other letters patent, dated the 20th of February, 1588,
he was made Lord Deputy of Ireland the second time, and re-
ceived his oath, and the sword, at Christ Church, in the presence
of the Nobility, and divers of the Commons, there assembled, the
last day of June following, and so continued until the °llth of
August 15.Q4.

' This Sir William Fitz- William was not only eminent for his
great services in Ireland, in which he continued between thirty
and forty years, and discharged himself, in all his honourable
employments in that kingdom, with great prudence and fidelity,
whereby he justly merited his Royal Mistress's favour, and
gained an universal applause and esteem among the nobility and
people of that realm. And her Majesty, as a further mark of
the trust and confidence she reposed in his abilities and fidelity
for her service, was pleased to constitute him Constable of Fo-
theringay-Castle, in the county of Northampton ; where he be-
haved himself with so much civility towards the Queen of Scots,
during her imprisonment under his care, in that castle, that, the
morning before she was beheaded, she presented him with the
picture of her son, James the First ; which picture is yet in the
family/

Thus far the manuscript history of the family, in possession of
the present Earl Fitz- William ; and I find this further mention
of him/ that in October 1554, this Sir William Fitz- William,
with Sir John Allen, and Valentine Brown, Esq. were commis-
sioned by Queen Mary, with Sir Anthony St. Leger, Lord Deputy
of Ireland, for the management of the crown lands in that king-
dom; also on the third of July 1555/1 he was made Keeper of
the Great Seal, till September 13th, when Hugh Curwen, Arch*
bishop of Dublin, was appointed Lord Chancellor. Fuller, in his
Worthies of England, p. 285, recites, ' That Sir William Fitzi
William was five times Lord Deputy of Ireland, a sufficient evi-
dence of his honesty and ability; Queen Elizabeth never trusting
twice, where she was once deceived in a Minister of State. And
she so preserved him in the power of his place, that sending over
Walter, Earl of Essex, to be Governor of Ulster, the Earl was,
prdered to take his commission from the Lord Deputy.' And Sif

o Ccx's History of Ireland, p. 403. P Ibid. p. 301.

9 Ibid. p. 30Z

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 395

i
John Davis, in his Discourse of Ireland, p. 2S7, relates, That he

was very serviceable in the reduction of Ireland; first, in raising

a composition in Munster ; afterwards in settling the possessions

of the Lords and tenants in Monahan, one of the last acts of state

(tending to the reformation of the civil government) performed in

the reign of Queen Elizabeth. His vigilance was very conspicuous

in the memorable year of the Spanish invasion, anno 1588, when

the routed Armada, in its return, dared not to land in Ireland,

except against their wills driven by tempest, when they found the

shore worse than the sea to them. He died on June 22d, 1599,

and lies buried at Marham, in Northamptonshire, where a noble

monument is erected to his memory, exhibiting the figures of him

,and his Lady, with the following inscription :

To the memory of
<The Right Honourable Sir William Fitz- William, Knt.
who by her Majesty Queen Elizabeth
was three several Times made her Deputy,
alias Lord Lieutenant of the Kingdom of
Ireland. He was also five several times
one of the Lords Justices of that Kingdom,
and General and Commander in Chief of
the Army there, near 39 years ; when
being in a very advanced Age, and worn out by the
Fatigues of the War, and the State there, he, by her
Majesty's Permission, returned into this
Kingdom, and retired to his Native Place,
Milton, where he died in June, 1599,
and lies buried in this Chancel. He married
Anne, Daughter of Sir William Sidney, and Sister to
Sir Henry Sidney, Father of the first Earl of Leicester.
She lies also here buried by him.

His said Lady died June 11th, irj02, and appointed by her will
an hospital to be erected at Heydon Gernon, in Essex (in which
church a monument is erected to her memory), for the perpetual
maintenance of four poor widows and their successors, and be-
queathed to each of them twelve pence a week.

He had issue by her two sons, and three daughters $ Mary, mar-
ried to Sir Richard Dyer, nephew and heir of Sir James Dyer, of
Great Stoughton, in the county of Huntingdon, Knt. Lord Chief
justice j Philippa, to Sir Thomas Coningsby, of Hampton-Court,

396 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in the county of Hereford, Knt. ancestor to Margaret, late
Countess of Coningsby j and Margaret, married to John Byron,
Esq. son and heir of Sir John Byron, of Clayton, in the county
of Lancaster, Knt. grandfather by her of John first Lord Byron.
The two sons were,

1. Sir William. And,

2. John,, a Captain in the wars of Scotland, who died without
issue.

The eldest son, Sir William, succeeded his father, and re-
sided at Milton, and Gaines-Park-Hall, aforesaid. He married
Winifred, daughter to Sir Walter Mildmay, of Apethorp, in the
county of Northampton, Knt. Chancellor of the Exchequer, and
Under Treasurer of England; and deceasing on August 5th,l6l8,
was buried at Marham.

He had by her a daughter, Anne, married to John Isham, of
Picheley, in the county of Northampton, Esq. and two sons, Wil-
liam, and Walter Fitz- William, who died without issue.

William Fitz- William, of Milton, and Gaines-Park -Hall,
Esq. their eldest son, was, by letters patent bearing date at West-
minster, December 1st, 1620, created Lord Fitz- William of Lif-
fer, alias Lifford, in the county of Donegal!, in the kingdom of
Ireland: and deceasing at his house in the Strand, on January 6th,
1643-4, was buried at Marham aforesaid. He had issue, by
Catharine his wife, daughter of William Hyde, of South Dench-
worth, in the county of Berks, Esq. and sister of Sir George
Hyde, of Kingston Lisle, in the same county, Knight of the Bath,
two sons, and three daughters; viz.

William, second Lord Fitz-William, his eldest son.

John, second son, who died without issue in November, 163/ ;
Winifred, eldest daughter, who died without issue 1635; and
Catharine, second daughter, who wa6 married to Sir John Lee,
of St. Edmund's Bury, in the county of Suffolk, Knight. Ann,
the third daughter, died unmarried.

William, second Lord Fitz- William, married Jane, daughter
and coheir to Hugh Perry, alias Hunter, Esq. who was Sheriff
and Alderman of London, second son of Thomas Perry, alias
Hunter, of Wotton under Edge, in com. Gloucester, by whom he
had issue four sons, and three daughters.

1. William, eldest son, who died at six months old,

2. William,, third Lord Fitz-William.

EARL FITZ-WILLIAM. 39;

Charles, third son, who was a Colonel of Horse, anno 1689,
and died in Ireland without issue.

Ferdinand©, fourth son, who deceased young.

Catherine, eldest daughter, who died young.

Jane, second daughter, who was married to Sir Christopher
Wren, Knt. Surveyor-General to her Majesty Queen Anne, and
the architect of St. Paul's cathedral, London.

Frances, third daughter, who died young.

The said William, second Lord Fitz- William, deceasing, at his
house in the Savoy, in com. Middlesex, was interred at Marham
aforesaid, on February 2lst, 1658; and his lady surviving him,
was buried at Marham, April 8th, 1671.

William, third Lord Fitz- William, and first Irish Earl, was
born ar the Dutchy-house in the Savoy, on April 29th, 1643.'
His Lordship, on the accession of George I. was constituted Gus-
tos Rotulorum of the city and liberty of Peterborough ; and was
created Viscount Miltown, in the county of West-Meath, and
Earl Fitz- William, of the county of Tyrone in Ireland, by letters
patent, bearing date July 21st, 17*6> in the second year of his
reign. His Lordship married Anne, daughter, and, at length
sole heir, to Edmund Cremor, of West-Winch, in the county
of Norfolk, Esq. by whom he had issue four sons, and six
daughters.

William Fitz- William, eldest son, born at Milton, on August
19th, 1678, died unmarried on November 25th, 1699, and was
buried at Marham.

Charles Fitz-William, Esq. second son, who died an infant.

John Fitz-William, third son, who succeeded his father, and
was Earl Fitz-William.

George Fitz-William, fourth son, who deceased young ; Ca-
therine, eldest daughter j Frances, second daughter; Rachel, third
daughter; and Mary, fourth daughter; who all. died young.

Anna Maria, fifth daughter, who was married to Sir Charles
Barrington, of Barrington-Hall, in the county of Essex, Bart,
who died in January, 1714-5, and his Lady on July 17th, aged
forty-one, and was buried in her family vault at Marham. And

Jane Fitz-William, iixth and youngest daughter, who died
young.

The said William, Earl Fitz- William, departed this life on
December 28th, 1719* m tne seventy-seventh year of his age, and
was buried at Marham, having survived his Lady, who died on

398 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

February 4th, 1716-17, aged seventy-one. He was succeeded
by his only surviving son,

John, second Earl Fitz-William, of Ireland, who was Mem-
ber of Parliament for the city of Peterborough, and Custos Eotu-
lorum for the said city and liberty ; and died on August 28th,
1728. He married Anne, daughter and sole heir to John Strin-
ger, of Sutton upon Lound, in the county of Nottingham, Esq.
who died in ] 726, and was buried at Marham, and by her had
issue one son, William, born on January 15tb, 1719, third Earl
Fitz-William, and three daughters : Lady Anne, born on August
23d, 1722, married to Francis Godolphin, Esq. who succeeded
to the barony of Godolphin ; Lady Elizabeth, born on Decem-
ber 9th, 1724) and Lady Mary, born on February 4th, 1725,
married to John Archer, of Welford, in the couty of Berks, Esq,
she diedr 10th September, ]77®> and was buried at Coopersale,
in Essex.

William, the third Earl Fitz-William, of Ireland, and first
Earl Fitz-William, of England, being left a minor, was first
of Eton school ; and after having finished his travel's abroad,
was early distinguished by King George II. who on April 19th,
1742, created him a Peer of Great Britain, by the name, style,
and title of Lord Fitz-William, Baron of Milton in th« county
of Northampton. On September 6th, 174(5, his Lordship was
created a discount, and Earl of Great Britain, by the name,
style, and titles of discount Milton, and Earl Fitz-William
of Norlorough, ir^ the county of Northampton ; and appointed
Custos Rotulorum of the city and liberty of Peterborough, on
November 23d, 1741. At the funeral of Frederick Prince of
Wales, his Lordship was one of the six Earls who supported the
pall ; and on June 24th, 1751, was constituted one of the Lords
of his Majesty's bedchamber.

On June 22d, 1744, his Lordship married the Lady Anne
Wentworth, eldest daughter of Thomas Marquis of Rockingham ;
and by her (who died on May 4th, 1759, and was interred at
Marham) he had issue six daughters; viz. Lady Anne, born
March 24th, 1744; Charlotte, born on July 14th, 1746, and
married to Thomas Dundas, Esq. eldest son of Sir Lawrence
Dundas, of Ask-hall, in the said county, Bart, now Lord Dun-
das; Lady Frances, born October 22d, 1750; Lady Emilia-Ma-
ria, born December 12th, 1751, and died on August 8th, 1752 \

t Coffin plate.

EARL FITZ- WILLIAM. 399

Lady Henrietta, born on March 21st, 1752, died unmarried;
and Lady Dorothy, born on May 22d, 3/54.
His Lordship had also two sons ; viz.

1. William, now Earl Fitz- William. And,

2. The Hon. George Fitz-William, a posthumous child, died
May 6th, 1766.

He departed this life on August 10th, 1756, and had sepulture
with his ancestors at Marham. His Lordship was succeeded in
dignity and estate by his said eldest son,

William, the present and second Earl Fitz-William, of
Great Britain, and fourth Earl of Ireland. His Lordship was
born on May 30th, 1748, was married 11th July, 1770, to Lady
Charlotte Ponsonby, daughter of William Earl of Besborongh j
and is the twenty-second in paternal descent from Sir William
Fitz-Goderick, cousin to King Edward the Confessor. He has
issue an only child, viz.

Charles -William Viscount Milton, M. P. for the county of
York, 1807, married, July 8th, 1806, Charlotte, daughter of
Thomas Lord Dundas, by whom he has a daughter, born July
12th, I8O7.

His Lordship succeeded in 1782, to the great fortune of his
uncle, the Marquis of Rockingham; and has added the name of
Wentworth to his own.

On July 11th, 1704, his Lordship was appointed Lord Presi-
dent of the Council, which he held till December 17th following.
On January 4th, 1795, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ire-
land, which he only held till the 24th of March following.

In 18C6, he was again appointed Lord President of the Council,
which he held till the fall of the Grenville administration in the
following year. •

Titles. William Fitz-William, Earl Fitz-William, Viscount
Milton, and Lord Fitz-William, Baron of Milton, English ho-
nours : also Earl Fitz-William, Viscount Miltown, and Ba-
ron Fitz-William of Liffer, alias Lifford, in the kingdom of
Ireland.

Creations. Baron Fitz-William of Liffer, alias Lifford, in the
county of Donegall, by letters patent dated December 1st, 1 620,
18th James I.; Viscount Miltown, of the the county of West-
Meath, and Earl Fitz-William, of the county of Tyrone, by letters
patent bearing date July 21st, 1716, 2d of George I. honours of
the kingdom of Ireland.

400 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lord Fitz- William, Baron of Milton, by letters patent dated
April 19th, 1742, 15th of George II. j Viscount Milton, and Earl
Fitz- William of Norborough, all in the county of Northampton,
by letters patent, dated September 6th, 1/46, 20th of George II.
English honours.

Arms. Lozengy, Argent and Gules.

Crest. In a ducal coronet, Or, a triple plume of ostrich fea-
thers, Argent.

Supporters. Two savage men ; wreathed about their heads and
waists with oak leaves, and in their exterior hands, a tree eradi-
cated, the top broken off, all proper.

Motto. Appetitus Rationi Parkat.

Chief Seats. At Milton, in the county of Northampton j and
Wentworth House, Yorkshire.

EARL OF EGREMONT. * 401

WYNDHAM EARL OF EGREMONT.

His Lordship derives his descent from Ailwardus, an eminent
Saxon, in the county of a Norfolk, who soon after the Norman
conquest, being possessed of lands in Wymondham (now wrote
Wyndham), in that county, assumed his surname from thence j
and the said Ailwardus de Wymondham, with Richard, his son,
Hugh, Pagan, and Edmund de Wymondham, were witnesses to a
charter of William de Albini, butler to King Henry I. whereby
he gave the church of Wymondham to the prior and convent of
Wyndham.

Richard, son of Ailward, was father of Richard, who had
issue John de Wymondham, who by Margaret, daughter to Ro-
bert Churchon (or Curzon),b had issue another John of Whichle-
wood, and Crounthorpe, in the county of Norfolk $ which were-
their principal seats for many generations, and are yet part of the
possessions of a branch of the family.

In 44 Henry III. Thomas de Wymondham, Chanter of Litch-
field, was a Baron of the Exchequer; and on c April 4th, 12(56,
was constituted Treasurer of England ; also the year after/ bear-
ing the title of Chanter of the church of Litchfield, had his patent
renewed.

In 52 Henry III. he had a e grant of fifty marks per annum,
for the better maintaining himself in the office of Treasurer,
wherein he continued till 54 Henry III.f

In 10 Edward II. William, son of Ralph de Wimondham,

* Monast. Ang. Vol. I. p. 37. and 339. * Ex Stemmate.

c Pat. 50 Henry III. tn.zo. d Pat. 31 Henry III. m, 6.

* Liberate de Anno 52 Hen, hi, 5. f DugdaleYGhreh. Series, p. 32.

TOL. If. 2D

402 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

was possessed of the manors of Crounthorpe and Whichlewood,
wherein he was succeeded by his son, Sir John, who by Cathe-
rine, daughter of Sir John de Redisham, of Redisham, Knt. had
three sons; 1. Thomas. 2. Sir Richard de Wymondham, Knt.s
who, in 1356, had the King's protection, going into Brittany un-
der his son Edward, Prince of Wales; and on September 19th,
that year, was at the famous battle of Poictiers, wherein John the
French King was taken prisoner. 3. Henry, Prior of Wynd-
ham.

Thomas de Wimondham, in the pedigree of the family, is said
to be elder brother to Sir Richard, and to have married Margaret,
daughter of Sir Walter Walcot, Knt. by whom he had issue John
de Wimondham, who had to wife Elizabeth, daughter of John
Sharington, by whom he was father of John Wimondham, who
wedded Margaret, daughter of Sir John Segrave, Knt. and had
issue John, his son and heir.

Which John was of Crounthorpe, and of Felbrigge, in com.
Norfolk j which last estate he purchased of the trustees of Sir
John Felbrigge, Knight of the Garter. He was an eminent as-
Sertor of the House of Lancaster; and in 38 Henry VI. was
joined in commission with others, to withstand the attempts of
the Earl of Warwick : also, in the same year, h was one of the
Knights for the county of Norfolk, in the parlian>ent held at Co-
ventry, wherein the Earl of Warwick, and other accomplices of
the Duke of York, were attainted of high-treason. He had to
wife Margery, daughter of Sir Robert Clifton, of Bokenham-castle,
in com. Norfolk, and widow of Sir John Hastings. But Weever,
in his Funeral Monuments, p. 804, says, she was the widow of
Sir EdwarH Hastings, and was buried in the Augustine Friers in
Norwich, in the year 1456. By the said John Wyndham, Esq.
she had issue two sons 3 Sir John ; and Sir Roger, who died with-
out issue 5 Ela, married to Thomas Fastolfe, Esq. and Isabel, to
Simon Wiseman, of Great Thornham, in Suffolk, Esq.

Sir John Wyndham, in 1487, was in the battle of Stoke, near
•Newark, against the Earl of Lincoln, Lambert Simnel, and their
adherents,1 and was knighted, immediately after the victory, for
his valiant behaviour : but being afterwards engaged in the inte-
rests of the house of York, he was apprehended; and on May
2d, in 17 Henry VII. arraigned in Guildhall, London, where be-

l Rymer's Fcedera, VqJ. V. p. 844. h Pryn'g Brevia. Parliam. p. 69-

* MS. Claudius C. 3. in Bibl, Cotton. ♦

EARL OF EGREMONT. m 403

ing found guilty of high treason, as an accomplice of Edmund de
la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, he,k with Sir James Tyrrell, Lieutenant
of Guisnes-castle, were beheaded on Tower-Hill, May 6th, follow-
ing, and their bodies and heads were buried in the Augustine
Friers church of London, as Stow writes.

Sir Francis Bacon, in his Life of King Henry VII.1 gives the
following account: ' In 1501, on the Earl of Suffolk's flying into
Flanders, King Henry the Seventh growing jealous of him,
caused Sir Robert Curson, Captain of the castle of Hammes, to
fly from his charge, and to feign himself a servant of the Earl of
Suffolk's j who thereby insinuating himself into his secrets, gave
advertisements to the King of such who were friends to him.
Whereupon William Courtney, Earl of Devonshire, brother-in-
law to the Earl, as also William de la Pole, his own brother, Sir
John Wyndham, and others, were taken into custody ; and Sir
John was attainted and beheaded the 6th of May, 1503/

This Sir John Wyndham had two wives ; first, the Lady Mar-
garet, daughter to John Howard, Duke of Norfolk, by whom he
had issue Sir Thomas, his son and heir ; Edward ; George, who
died in 1543, having been Archdeacon of Norwich, Precentor of
St. Paul's, and Master of the college of Rushworth, in Norfolk ;
who, together with his brethren, the friers of that college, in 26
Henry VIII.m swore fealty to the King, Queen Anne, and the
issue begotten on her body; also that they will make known,
preach, and persuade the people to do the same, whenever place
and opportunity shall serve. Likewise three daughters ; Anne,
wife of Thomas Radcliffe, Esq. ; Elizabeth, first, of Sir Francis
Calthorpe, of Ingham, in com. Norfolk; and afterwards of Sir
John Culpeper, Knt. and Dorothy.

His second wife11 was Eleanor, daughter of Norman Wash-
bourne, of Washbourne, in Worcestershire, Esq. and widow of
Sir Richard Scrope, a younger son of Henry Lord Scrope, of Bol-
ton ; by whom he had a son, Francis, who died young, and a
daughter, Frances; which Lady died in 21 Henry VII. as ap-
pears by the probate of her will, bearing date December 11th,
21 Henry VII. 1505. She therein writes herself Elianore Wynd-
ham, widowe, late wife of Sir John Wyndham, Knt. and orders
her body to be buried in the choir of the Austin Friers, in Nor-

* Scow's Annals, p. 484. * General Hist, of Engl. Vol. I. p. 630, 63 1 .

m Rymer's Foedera, Vol. XIV. p. 518.
« Vis dc Com. Norf. G, I. in Offic Armor.

404 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

wich, beside the high-altar there, to which she bequeaths a pair
of chalices, silver and gilt j to the intent that the Friers there
shall pray for the soul of her, the said Eleanor, and Sir John
Wyndham, late her husband ; and that a Frier priest sing, and
pray for her soul,within the said place, the space of a whole year,
and to have for his salary 53s. 4d. She was also a benefactor to
the White Friers of Norwich, to the Black Friers in Norwich,
and to the Grey Friers there ; the abbey of Barking, and to other
religious houses. And wills, that on the day of her burial, 51.
be bestowed in alms $ and at her burying day, her seventh day,
month day, and year day, there be disposed for her 401. after the
discretion of her executors. And that an honest priest sing for
her in the university of Cambridge, for two years, and be allowed
for his stipend eight marks every year. She bequeaths to the
Lord of Oxford a cross of gold with diamonds^ and to the Lady,
his wife, a ring with a ruby. To the Lady Beaumont, her daugh-
ter, a pursle of sable, her best feather-bed, and other furniture.
To Thomas Wyndham, her son-in-law, a vestment, and mass?
book, three hangings, and other furniture. To her daughter,
Alianore Wyndham, wife of the said Thomas, a gown of black
velvet, furred with marten, &c. And other legacies to Dame
Anne Scrope, her daughter, her daughter Mary Scrope, her
daughter Jane Scrope, her daughter Frances Wyndham. Also to
George Wyndham, Elizabeth, Margaret, and Eleanor Wyndham,
Edmund Wyndham, and John Wyndham. Also to her daugh-
ters unmarried, which she had by her first husband, Sir Richard
Scrope, all the residue of her array, and household stuff, not be-
fore bequeathed; and leaves the residue of her fortune to her
executors, Sir Thomas Tyrrell, Knt. John Tey, Esq. and Richard
Wode, Gent.° To which she set her seal, &c.

Sir Thomas Wyndham, of Felbrigge, eldest son, was Pone
of the commanders of that fleet, which, sailing from Dover, and
scouring the seas, came into Portsmouth about the middle of
May, in 4 Henry VIII. He also attended Sir Edward Howard,
Lord Admiral, in the expedition to Biscay the same year,1* and
was by him knighted in Croyton-Bay, in France. Her was also
with that Admiral, when he was drowned in the attempt on
Brest : and being one of the Knights of the King's body,8 at-

• Regist. Dean Qu. i. in cur. praerog. Cantuar.

P Hall's Chron. in Life of Henry VIII. f. 16.

< Weever's Funeral Monuments, p. 796. * Sum's Annals, p. 491,

« Weevfcr, praed.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 405

tended his Majesty at the sieges of Therouene and Tournay,
where he did good service, as also in other places j and was of
his Privy-Council.

In 12 Henry VIII. he attended the King,1 at his conferences
with the French King, between Guysnes and Ardres, having, in
his retinue, a chaplain, eleven servants, and eight horses.

This Sir Thomas Wyndham, Knt. made his will,u at his manor
of Felbrigge, October 22d, 1521, which being remarkable, I shall
insert it in his own words. First (says he), for the recommenda-
cion of my soule into the moost mercifull hands of him that re-
demed me, and made it, I make and say this my accustomed
prayer. Domine Ihu Creste, qui me ex Nichelle Creasti, Ftcisti,
Rede?nisti, & Prcedestinasti ad hoc quod sum, Tu sets, quod de
me facer e vis. Face de me secundum Vbluntatem tuam cum M'nt-
ricordia. Therfor do of me thy wylle, with grace, petie, and
mercy, humbly and intirely I beseche thej and into thy moost
merciful hands my soule I commytte. And howe be it, as syrt-
full creature, in synns conceyved, and in synne have lyvedj
knowinge perfectly that of my merits I cannot atteyn to the
lyfe everla^tyng, but only by the merits of thy blissid passion,
and of thyne infinite mercy and grace. Nevertheless my mer-
cifull Redeemer, Maker, and Savyour, I trust that by the spe-
ciall grace and mercy of thy blessed mother, ever virgyn, our
Lady Mary, in whom, after the in this mortall lyfe, hath ben my
moost singular trust and confidence, to whom in all my necessi-
ties I have made my contynuall refuge, and by whom I have
hitherto ever had my speciall comfort and releefj will in my
moost extreme nede, of her infinite pitye, take my soule into her
hands, and hit present unto her moost dere sonnej whereof swete
Lady of mercy, very mother and virgyn, well of petie, and surest
refuge of all nedefull, moost humbly, most intirely, and most
hartely I beseche the, and for my comfort in this behalfe I trust..
Also to the singular mediacions, and prayers of all the holy com*
pany of hevyn, aungells, archaungells, patriarches, prophets, apo-
stells, evaungelists, martyres, confessoures and virgynesj and
specially to myn accustomeed advourrys, I call and crye, Saint
John evangelist, Saint George, Saint Thomas of Canterbury,
Saint Margaret, Saint Kateryn, and Saint Barbara, humbly be-
seche you, that not onlye at the houre of deth, soo too ayde/

* MS. B. 5. in Bibl. Joh. Anstii Arm. nup. Gart. Reg. Arm.
* Ex Regiit. Bodfelde Quire 3. in Cur, Prserog. Cantuar,

405 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

socour and defend me ; that the auncyent and goostly enemy, nor
noon other yll or dampnabell spirite, have power to invade me,
nor with his tereablenes to anoye me 5 but also with your holy
prayers, to be intercessorice, and mediatrice, unto my maker and
redemer, for the remyssion of my synnes, and salvacion of my
soulej and for as moche as I intende and purpose, to the honor
of God, and our blessed Lady Saint Mary the virgyn, to adowrne
and vawghte a chapeil, called our feady Chapelt, set and buylded
at the estende of the Quere, within sight of the monastery of the
Holy Trinitie, at the citie of Norwiche ; and also to have in the
same monastery, for the comforte of my soule, and remission of
my synnes, a yerely memorial of my obyte, inperpetuum, T will
and bequethe that whensoever it shall please my Savyer Jhu Crist,
to call me owyte of this transitorye lyfe, and my body be buryed
in the mydst of the same chapeil of our blissed Lady, after my
poor estate and substaunce that God hath gcvyn me, without
dampnable pomp, or superfluities. Where, uppon my body I
woll have a tombe, as shall be thought convenient to myn execu-
tors, sufficiently large for me and my two wyfs, yf my wife Eli-
zabeth woll be there buried. And as touching the funerall in-
terment of my body, and charges of my sepulture, I remitt it to
the discrecion of myn executors, desyring theym that it may be
convenient after my little substance. And ip any wyse, I woll
have a sermon made by a Doctor of divinitie, at the mass of re-
quiem. Also I will have immediatelie after my decesse, as shortly
as may be possible, a M. masses to be said within the citie of
Norwich, and other places, within the shire of Norfolk; whereof
I will have, in the honor of the blissed Trinitie, one hundredth ;
in honor of the 5 wounds of our Savyour Jhu Crist, one hun-
dreth ; in honour of the 5 joys of our blissed Lady, one hundreth;
in the honor of the g orders of Aungells, one hundreth; ir; the
honor of the Patriarchs, one hundreth. In the honor of the 12
Jpostells, one hundreth. In the honor of all Saints, one hundreth.
Of Requiem, one hundreth. In the honour of St. John the Evan-
gelist, 30. In the honor of St. George, 40. In the honor of St.
Thomas of Canterbury, 30. In the honor of St. Margaret, 40.
In the honor of St. Kateryn, 30. And of St. Barbara, 30 3
which maketh the whole nombr of M. masses. Also I will that
all my debts, first and before all other charges, be paid by the
handes of myne executors ; wherewith I charge theym, as they
will aunswere before God, and discharge my conscience. Also J
"Will yf any man pr woman cause or complayne of any injuries, or

EARL OF EGREMONT. 40/

wrongs, doen by me, and so duely proved before myn executors,
or supervisors, that they be restored to the uttermost. Also I will
that myn executors, as sone as it may be boorn out of my goodes,
doo cause the said chapel of our blissed Lady to be wawtyd with
free stone after the workmanship and wawtyng of the chu;ch
there, as well in stars and colours, as in gilding with sterrys, as
shall be devysed by myn executors ; and with myn arms, badgys,
and devyses. Also I will have a priest, secular or religious, to
synge for me, my said wyffs and frends, in the said chapel inpcr-
petuum, with an yerely obite, to be kept with a solempne dirige
and masse of requiem, by the prior and convent and their succes-
sors ; every such a daye as it shall happen me to dye upon, or as
near as it may be conveniently; and the said prior and convent,
and their successors, shall distribute yerely as they think conve-
nient, inperpetuum. Proved 4 March 1522; and Eliz. his re-
lict, and Thomas Earl of Surry, were administrators. As to his
manors, lands, &c. he made the following disposition.

I Sir Thomas Wyndham, Knyght,x sonne and heire of Sir
John Wyndham, Knyght, this 12 October, 13 Hen. VIII. As to
the disposition of all my manors, lands, tenements, rents, services,
and reversions, hereditaments, with their appurtenances. And
also of all my wards and marriages now bowght by me, with all
advowsons by any means belonging to me, or to any other to my
use, in the counties of Norfolk, and Yorkshire, or ells where
within the realme of Englond.

First I will that my co-feofFees, surTre Dame Elizabeth my
wife, to occupie my manors of Bentley and Hamelthwayte in
Yorkshire, and all purchased lands within the same manors; and
my manor of Melton Constable in com. Norfolk, for term of hir
lyfe, according to the purport of indentures the same shall de-?
scend; remainder to my sonne Edmond and to the heires of his
body ; and in defaulte to the right heires of me the said Sir Tho-
mas Wyndham. .And yf it fortune my next heir to be not of full
age at the death of my said wyfe, that then my executors shall
receive and take the pronits of the manors of Bentley and Hamel-
thwayte, in Yorkshire, during the nonage of my said next heire,
toward the performaunce of my last will and testament. He wills
that his son Edmonde, his heir apparent, shall have all his ma-
nors of Crownthorpp, Wybylwode, and Hackforth, immediately
after his decesse, to hym and to Susanne his wyfe, and to the

x Ex Reg. Bodfeldc Qu. 3, ut antca.

405 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

longer lyvcr of them, and to the heires of his body lawfully be-
gotten. And for defawte of issue, to the right heires of him the
said Sir Thomas, in fee simple. And yf it fortune the saide Ed-
monde, and Susanne his wyfe, to dye without yssue within vii
yeres next after his decesse ; and yf his next heire be then of full
age, he wille that he shall have the said manors to him and his
heires, And that his executofs shall receive, towards the per-
formance of his will, all the proffits of the manors of Felbrigge,
Aylmerton, and Runton, with the advowsons and presentations to
the same ; and of the manors of Todyngton, Barnyngham, Yng-
worth, and Colby, with the like advowsons and presentations j
and of the manors of Briston, and Wolterton, and of the manor
of Whighton in Yorkshire, with all purchased lands within any
of the said manors j excepted suche purchased lan^s as he had
graunted to Peter Nobis D. D. for terme of his life. To holde
the said manors for term of vii yeres fully complete after his de-
cesse, to be imployed to the use of his wille. Also my wyfe shall
"have the manor place of Felbrigge, the manors of Aylmerton and
Runton, for terme of her lyfe, being a widowe, sole and unma-
ryed. And yf she will dwell in the said place, to pay to my ex-
ecutors for the performance of my will, yerely xll. out of the
said manors. And Doctor Peter Nobys, the proffits of 2 partes
of the manors of t-ystens in Metton, and of all the lands called
Tyllocks, and Sadelers, lying in Colby and Suffeld. And also of
the manor of Yves in Bryston, by me puichased, for terme of his
lyfe 5 as I have graunted unto him by my dedes. That my sonne
Edmonde, or who shall fortune to be my next heire, shall have
the manors of Felbrigge, Aylmerton, and Runton, after the 7
yeres exspyred. And after the decesse of my wyfe, to him and
to the heires of his body; and for defaulte of the heires of my
sonne Edmonde, to remayne to the right heirs of me the said Sir
Thomas, according to an intaile thereof made by my grauntfader,
John Wyndham, Esquier. That my sonne Edmonde, or any
other that shall fortune to be my next heire, shall have out of the
said manors of Felbrigge, Aylmerton, and Runton, yerely after
the vii yeres exspyred, the which I have appoynted for the per-
formance of my wylle, xll. to be paid by my wyfe, Dame Eli-
zabeth Wyndham, yf she will dwell in it. Also 1 woll that my
sonne Edmond, or any other that shall fortune to be my next
■heire; shall have the manors of Todyngton, Barnyngham, Yng-
worth, and Colby, imediatly after the 7 yeres exspyred next after
my deth, and to his heirs of his body lawfully begotton. And for

EARL OF EGREMONT. 409

defaute of issue of him, the said manore to remayn to the right
heirs of me the said Sir Thomas, according to an intayle thereof,
made by my grauntfader John Wyndham, Esquier. Also I woll
that immediatly after the 7 yeres exspyred, for the performaunce
of my will, the said E< monde my sonne, or any other that shall
be myn next heire, shall have the manor of Bryston to him and
to his heires, in fee simple. Also I woll that my executors shall
take and receyve the profits of the manor of Susted, called Danys,
and of all other londes thereto belonging, the which I lately pur-
chased of Robert Danne, for terme of 7 yeres after my decesse ;
and after the 7 yeres exspyred, and the deth of my wyfe, to my
next heire, upon suche condicion as before expressed. That
my sonne, John Wyndham, shall have my parte of the manor
of Wulterton, after 7 yeres exspyred, for the perfourmance of
my wille, and also the manor of Melton Constable, after the
decesse of my wyfe, to hold the said manors to him and his heires
and for defaute of yssue of him, to the right heires of me the said
Sir Thomas. That my sonne, Thomas Wyndham; shall have my
manor of Whighton in Yorkshire, when he comyth to the age of
21 yeres. To hold to him and to the heires of his body; and for
defaute of suche issue, to the right heires of me the said Sir Tho-
mas. That my said son, Thomas, shall have the moytie of the
manors of Bowking, called Dorwarde. And also of the moytie of
the manor of Alseford, of the which manors I lately bought the re-
version. I woll that Erasmus Paston, sonne and heire of William
Paston, Knyght, shall marry, and take to wife, Mary Wyndham,
my daughter. But yf the said marriage happen not to take effect
for lack of agreement, casualtie of deth or otherwise, then I will
that myn executor shall receive all suche sumes of money com*
prysed in certain indentures.

I will that m^ sonne Edmonde, or any other of my sonnes and
their heires, that shall happen to be myn heire, whensoever it
shall happen them to have my purchased londs, with the profits
of my manors of Felbryee, Aylmerton, and Metton, Runton, and
Susted, with their appurtenances, and all my purchased lands
within the same; and my manors of Todyngton, Barnyngham,
Yngworth, and Colby; that he or they shall fynde an honest
preest to synge in the churche of Felbrige, for my soule, for my
wyfs soule, my fader, and moder soules, and all my frends soules.
And that he shall have x marks by yere, without mete and diynk;
And yf he will have mete and drynk with them at the place, then
Jie to have v mar&s for his fiypende, and this to be contyned as

410 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

long as it shall please God, that any of my blood shall contynue,
and to kepe myn obeite. In recompence whereof, I have pur-
chased certeyn lands in Aylmerton, SuiFeld, Colby, Albye, Mel-
ton, Briston, Crownthorpp, Wykylwood, Sustede, and Bcntley,
in Yorkshire, and in other places, to the yerely value of 461. by
the yere and above.

I will that myn executors shall take the profHts of all such

londs, as I now have in my hands, by the reason of the nonage

of Edmond Knevet, or of his next heire ; or by reason of any

bargain made with Edmond Knevet, by the will of Sir William

Knevet j and of suche lands as shall happen to fall in reversion,

by any graunt made by the King, of the said Edmond, or of his

next heires. Also I wyll that Anthony Wyngfield shall buy the

marriage of the said Edmond, yf he will pay cccc 1. at the lest,

for he cost me v. c. pounds. And I will that he shall have to

kepe him xxl. by the yere at the moost. And wher I have putt

eer.ein manors in feoffment, and declared my last will of them,

towarde the helpyng of my 2 younger sonnes, I think it very

reasonable, and that my next heire shuld in noo wyse grudge at

it 3 for I have fedemyd all my lands out of King Hen. the 7th

hands, who had of me in money, for the same, 2b50 marks, over

and above my costs of sute for the same. Also I have paid to

Mary, Jane, and Kateryn Scrope, my first wvfs susters, 1000 1. in

redy mony, the which was owyng for the purchas of Bentley*

and Hemelthwayte, in Yorkshire, purchased by my fader Sir

John Wyndham. And also I have left in possession ane reversion,

as moch lands to my next heire, of myn own purcheas, as I have

gevyn to my 2 younger sonnys, the which lyeth more necessarye

for him, than the pther dyd. In witnesse, &c. Probat. 4 March,

} 522.

He was buried in the chapter-house (as Weever writes), but
more probably in the midst of the chapel joining to the cathe-
dral church of Norwich/ where a fair monument was erected to
his memory, which was much defaced in 1630, and part of the
inscription only remained, as follows (so that it is likely the cha-
pel mentioned in his will, was, on the reformation, made a chapter
house) :

Orate pro Animabus Thome Windham Militis, Eleanore &
Domine Elizaiethe uxorum ejus. Qui quidem Thomas fuit unus
consiliariorum, Domini Regis Henrici octavi, ac unus militum pro
0orpore ejusdem Domini Regis, nee non vice admirallus. ......

f Weevei's Funeral Monuments, p. '$6,

EARL OF EGREMONT. 411

Also in the said chapter-house was this inscription, thus maime4
in 1(530:

Orat. . . . Tho. Wyndham militis & Elizalethe uxoris ejus, . . .

unus constabul. , • • . . Domini Regis Hen, 8. ac un militum

pro corpore

This Sir Thomas had two wives, first, Eleanor,1 daughter and
coheir of Sir Richard Scrope, of Upsale, in Yorkshire, Knight;
by whom he had issue, as mentioned in his will, Sir Edmund
Wyndham, of Felbrigge; Sir John Wyndham, of Somersetshire,
ancestor to the present Earl of Egremont-, and three daughters;
Margaret, wife of Sir Andrew Lutterell, of Dunstar Castle, in
com. Somers. Knight ; Mary, married to Sir Erasmus Paston,
of Paston, in com. Norf. Knight, ancestor to the late Earls of
Yarmouth ; and Elizabeth, of whom there is no further men-
tion.

The second wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Henry Went-
worth, of Nettlested, in Suffolk, Knight of the Bath, and relict
of Sir Roger Darcy, of Danbury, in Essex, Knight, by whom he
had Sir Thomas Wyndham, Knight, who by his father's will had
the manor, &c. of Whighton, in Yorkshire, the moiety of the
manor of Bocking, called Dorwarde, and the moiety of the manor
of Alesforde. He was a very eminent sea commander, and pro*
genitor to the Wyndhams of Stokesby, Clere, and Craik, in the
counties of York and Durham. ,

Sir Edmund Wyndham, eldest son, was knighted in the 28
Henry VIII. at the creation of Edward Seymour, Lord Viscount
Beauchamp; and was the year following sheriff of Norfolk ; also
in 2 Edward VI. much and deservedly trusted, on the insurrec-
tion of Ket, the tanner, in that county. This Sir Edmund was
in great favour with King Henry VIII. and had from him seve*
ral beneficial grants of lands, belonging to the dissolved abbies
in Norfolk, and elsewhere. He married Susan, daughter of Sir
Roger Townsend, of Raynham, in Norfolk, Knight, by whom
he was father of three daughters, of whom, Jane was first mar-
ried to John Pope, of Oxfordshire, Esq.; secondly, to Humphry
Coningsby, Esq. and dying 22d November, 1608, in the sixty-
seventh year of her age, was buried at Felbrigge, in Norfolk :
also of three sons j ] . Roger, who died without issue.

2. Sir Francis Wyndham, who, in 15 Eliz.a was with others

2 Pedigree of the family of Portman, drawn ann. 1661, in the possession of
Jlcnry Semour Portman, of Orchard, Somersetshire, Esq.
a Rymer's Fcedera, Vol, XV. p. 72$.

412 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

commissioned in the county of Norfolk, to inquire into all offences
committed, contrary to an act of Parliament in 1 Eliz. for unifor-
mity of common prayer, and service of the church, and administra*
tion of the sacraments. The year after he was b one of the Gover-
nors of Lincoln's Inn. In 1557, he was c called to the degree of
a Serjeant at Law; and in Michaelmas term 21 Eliz. maded one
of the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas. He was buried in
the church of St. Peter, in Norwich, and a stately monument was
there erected to his memory,6 with his effigies from his middle,
in his Judge's robes, with a black cap on his head, his right hand
leaning on a death's head, and in his left hand a book; with an
arch over his heaJ, supported by pillars, on the top of which are
his arms and crest 5 but no inscription was thereon in Weever's
time.

Thomas, third son of Sir Edmund, died unmarried, and a mo-
nument is erected to his memory, in the church of Felbrigge, in
Norfolk, with this inscription :

Here lieth the body of Tho. Wyndham, Esq. (third son of Sir
Edmond Windham, Knt. deceased), who lived a single life, and
died the 20th day of December, in the yeare of our Lord 1599,

and of his age the — to whose worthy memory Sir John

Windham, of Orchard, in the county of Somerset, Knt. being hii
cosin and heire, hath set this marble.

Livest thou, Thomas? yeas; where? with God on highe.
Art thou not dead ? yeas, and here I lye.

I that with men on earth did live to die,

Pied for to live with Christ eternallie.

But the three sons of Sir Edmund Wyndham leaving no issue,
the manors of Crownthorpe, and Felbrigge, with the rest of the
ancient patrimony of the family, by the entail of Sir Thomas
Wyndham, descended to the issue of his second son, Sir John
Wyndham, of whom I am principally to treat.

Which Sir John, by the will of his father, Sir Thomas, was
possessed of the manors of Wulterton, and Melton Constable, in
the county of Norfolk ; and by marriage with Elizabeth, daugh-
ter and coheir of John Sydenham, of Orchard, in the county of

* Dugdale's Orig. Jurid. p. 260. c Dugdale's Chronica Series, p. 95,

' Ibid. p. 9^. • Weever's Monument!, p. 802,

EARL OF EGREMONT. 41S

Somerset, had that estate in right of his wifej and made it his
principal residence, which now retains the name of Orchard
Wyndham. He was knighted f at the coronation of King Ed-
ward VI. and living at Orchard, to a great age, died in 16 Eliz.
as the probate of his last will shews. Leland, who was contem-
porary with him, has given this account in his Itinerary :

• A quarter of a mile s from Willington, or more, I cam to
Orchard, where Mr. Johp Wyndeham dwelleth. This manner
place was erected by a younger brother of the Sydenhams. And
of this name ther hath beene 4 owners of Orchard, that was pur-
chased by the first of the 4, The secunde Sydnham married with
the heire general of one Gamon, or rather Cambourne, a man of
200 markes of lande in Devonshire and Cornewal. This Gamon
gave, in a felde of sylver, thre legges, sables. Sidenham the 2,
builded moste parte, or almost all the good building of Orchard.
The 3. dyed leving a sunne and 2 doughtersj the sunne or he
came to xxii yeres of age dyed. The 2 doughters were thus mar-
ried ; one to John Wyndham, a younger brother of Wyndham of

Felbridge in Norfolk. The other was married to h I

markid yn the glasse wyndowes at Master Wyndehams, the armei
of John Wyndham, and Thomas Wyndham, Knights. The one
of them married the doughter of Haward D. of Norfolke, the
other the doughter of the Lord Scrope of Bolton. Orchard is yn
the paroche of S. Decun, alias Decumane, a mile or more from
the se side, and a 2 miles from the chapelle of our Lady of
Clyfe.*

By his last will and testament, which bears date at Orchard
the 7th of April, 1573,' he bequeaths his soul to Almighty God,
his Maker and Creator, and to his only son Jesus Christ, in
whom, and by the merits of his blessed death and passion, is all
his whole trust, for clear remission and forgiveness of all his sins.
He orders his body to be entombed within the tomb, which he
had lately (through. God's permission and sufferance), erected
and ended, within the parish church of St. Decumannes j and he
wills that there be bestowed about his burial so much money, as
shall be convenient for one of his calling. Also whereas by the
procurement of the right honourable, and my singular good Lord

f MS. Claudius C. 3. in Bibl. Cotton.
C Leland's Itinerary Vol. II. p. 69, 70.
h To Thomas Brydges younger brother to John first Lord Chandos. Sec his
inscription in Charlbury church, Oxfordshire. See Topographer, Vol. I.
I Ex Regist. Pykering Qu. ifij in Cur. Piarog. Cant.

414 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Earl of Sussex, hit hath liked the right honourable the Lord Trea-
sourer, to have graunted and committed unto me the marriage,
wardship and custody, as well of the bodie, as also of the lands of
John Wyndeham, son of John Wyndeham, Esquier, my son de-
ceased, and ward to the Queen's most excellent Majesty j as by
an entry made in the book of the said Threasourer yt doth ap-
pear j I do devise and bequeath the marriage and wardship of the
said John Wyndeham, and of his lands, during his minoritye,
unto Humphry Wyndeham, and Charles Wyndeham, two of my
sons, and uncles to the said ward, to their own uses. Requiring
and straightlie charging them, that they be careful of his bringing
up at the universitie, and innes of courte. He bequeaths legacys
to his daughter Margaret, wife of John Francis, Esquier j his
daughter Eleanor, wife of Thomas Carne, Esquier j his daughter
Catharine, wife of Christopher Wood, Esquier. He constitutes
his sons, Edmund, Charles, and Humphry Windham, his execu-
tors j and overseers of his will, his sons-in-law, John Francis, and
Thomas Carne, Esquires. And on the 2d of March, in the 16th
year of Queen Elizabeth, made a codicil, wherein he declared,
that his son Charles Wyndham should enter into the like bond
for the performance of his will, as his sons Edmond and Humphry
had done. He died soon after, the probate bearing date April
28th, 1573.

He, with his Lady, lies buried in St. Decuman's church, under
a tomb, built of freestone, four feet high, three broad, and seven
in length, on the top whereof are their effigies, engraved at full
length, on two plates of brass, and inlaid, over their respective
epitaphs. Which tomb stands under a triumphal arch, supported
by four pillars, after the Gothic manner, neatly carved, and
adorned with the arms of the family, and other devices. On two
plates of brass are the following epitaphs :

Although a man be never so posseste

Withe all the gyftes that fortune can lestowe,
And thoughe his mynde be bewtified and bleste,

With everye grace that from the Heavens doflowe.
Yet at the faste, thisjickle life we owe,

Perforce must fele the stroke of fatal knyfe,
Suche is the fray Hie of our present lyfe.
A perfeight patterne to approve the same3

Lo here the corps of Syr John Wyndham, Knight,
Whose faultles lyfe hathe pur chaste suche a fame,

. EARL OF EGREMONT. 415

As deathe with all his darts shall never frighte ;
The sonne itself shall sooner lose his lighte,

Then he shall want his well deserved praise,
Suche werthie deedes of his forepassed daies.
This werthie Knight of knightlie parentage.
In Norfolk borne, the midle sonne of the,
Who when he was hut yet of sornige age,

Putforthe suche luddes of proofe what he wolde he.
As being stirred with zeale to hear and see

The worlde, whereby him selfe mighte advaunce,
He paste the seas to serve the King of Fraunce.
Where entertaynde in place of good accompte,

Here to the Prince in favour lyved still,
Till care of countrey soil (which doth surmounte)

Did drawe him home, where bending witte at will,
Tofeates ofarmes and other ivarlike skill,
His liege in lieu of loyal service done,
Advaunste him to the seat ofknightlie rome.
Thus happelie led this wort hie Knight his life,

And died in faith by Christ of future joy et
Hjw good and virtuous Ladye to his wyfe

He had, what seed hir epitaphe dothe showe.
To us behinde thereby thisfruyte dothe growe,

First in his deathe Godes power and praise is knowne,
Then by his life we learn to mende our owne.

An epitaphe upon the deathe of the Ladye Elizabeth
Wyndham.

That goodly grafte which erste in Orchard grewe,
Drawn by discente from worthie Sydnams race, *
Looe here yt lyes by aime of outward vewe,
Wrapte in the webbe of thrice unhappy case,
But yet indeede (through undeserved grace)
Is planted ?wwe in such a pleasant soyle,
As springs for aye, and yet requires no toyle.
What cause hir deathe dothe offer to lamente,
None knowes so well as Sir John Wyndham, Knight,
Withe whome twise two and forty yeres she spente,
In blissfull state of bothe thezre hartes delyghte,
To whom herfrutefull wombe brought unto lighte

416 PEER/VGE OF ENGLAND.

A race of children Jittinge hir degree,
Of daughtere sixe, hir sonnes werefower and three.
Those goodly gyftes that did her minde possesse,
As zealous love to God and to his lawes,
Her awnswringe lyfe to that she did prof esse,
Hir redye hande to helpe the porest cause,
(Since fame resounds) my sillie penne shall pawse,
And praie to God, that we which here abyde,
May treade the stepps of such a parfght guyde.

Oliit primo die Januarii, 157 1.

Their children were, *1. John, of whom hereafter.

2. Edmond, ancestor to the Wyndhams of Kentsford, Ca-
thangre, Pillcsdon, Yale, and Trent. Which Edmond Wyndham
of Kentsford, in com. Somerset, married k Mary, daughter and
coheir of Richard Chambetlaine, Esq. Alderman of London, and
had several children -} Sir Hugh Wyndham, his fourth son, was
created a Baronet, August 4th, 1641, but by Mary,1 daughter of
Christopher Alanson, of London, Esq. leaving only daughter*
and coheirs, his title became extinct. Sir Thomas Wyndham,
elder brother to Sir Hugh, was of Kentsford, and married m Eli-
zabeth, daughter of Richard Coningsby, of Hampton-Court, in
com. Heref. Esq. by whom he had several children. Most of
his sous engaged in the service of King Charles I. Colonel Francis
Wyndham, his fourth son, is memorable for conducting King
Charles II. to his seat at Trent after the battle of Worcester,
where he entertained the King with the following remarkable
passage of his father, Sir Thomas Wyndham :n ' That, not long
before his death, in the year 1636, he called unto him his five
sons (having not seen them together in some years before), and
discoursed unto us (said he) of the loving peace and prosperity
this kingdom had enjoyed, under its three last glorious Monarchs;
of the many miseries and calamities which lay sore upon our an-
cestors, by the several invasions and conquests of foreign nations,
and likewise by intestine insurrections and rebellions. And not-
withstanding the strange mutations and changes in England, he
shewed how it pleased God, in love to our nation, to preserve an
undoubted succession of Kings, to sit on the regal throne. He

* Le Neve's MSS. Vol. II. p. 13$. ■ Ibid. "t ibid.

* Vide the Account of the King'* Concealment at Trent, at the end of B01-
cobel, p. 129.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 417

mentioned the healing conjunction of the two houses of York
and Lancaster, and the blessed union of the two crowns of Eng-
land and Scotland; stopping up those fountains of blood, which,
by national feuds and quarrels kept open, had like to have drowned
the whole island. He said, he feared the beautiful garment of
peace would shortly be torn in pieces, through the neglect of ma-
gistrates, the general corruption of manners, and the prevalence
of a puritanical faction, which (if not prevented), "would under-
mine the very pillars of government. My son! we have hitherto
seen serene and quiet times ; but now prepare yourselves for
cloudy and troublesome. 1 command you to honour and obey
our gracious Sovereign, and in all times to adhere to the crown j
and though the crown should hang upon a bush, [ charge you,
forsake it not. These words being spoken with much earnestness
both in gesture and manner extraordinary, he rose from his chair,
and left us in a deep consultation what the meaning should be of
— The Crown hanging upon a bush. These words, Sir (said the
Colonel), made so firm an impression in all our breasts, that the
many afflictions of the sad times cannot raze out their indelible
characters. Certainly, these are the days which my father pointed
out in that expression ; and I doubt not, God hath brought me
through so many dangers, that I might shew myself both a duti-
ful son, and a loyal subject, in faithfully endeavouring to serve
your sacred Majesty, in this your greatest distress."

This Colonel Windham was, in the civil war, Governor of
Dunstar Castle, and for his services therein, and particularly for,
affording the King so generous an asylum at his house, was ad-
vanced to the dignity of a Baronet. He married Anne, daughter
and coheir of Thomas Gerard, of Trent, Esq. by whom he had
that estate : but this title became extinct on the death of Sir
Francis Wyndham, of Trent, Bart, in his minority, in April,1719j
and Frances, his sister and heir, was married to Henry Bromley,
of Horseheath, in com. Cantab. Esq. Knight of the Shire for that
county, afterwards created Lord Montfort.

The third son of Sir John Wyndham, of Orchard (by the
daughter and coheir of Sydenham), was' ° Humphry of Wivelis-
combe, in com. Somers. Esq. whose sole daughter and heir, Eliza-
beth, was married to John Colles, of Barton, in com. Somers. Esq.

4. Charles Wyndham, ancestor to the Windhams, of Sandhill,

0 Portxnan's Pedigree praedlct.
VOL. IV. 2£

418 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

both in Somersetshire. Of the six daughters of Sir John, two
died young j Margaret was wife of John Fraunceis, of Combflory,
in com. Somerset ; Eleanor, of Thomas Carne, of Wenny, in com.
Glamorgan 5 Catherine, of Christopher Wood, of Tawton, in
com. Devon ; and Elizabeth, of ■ Welch, Esqrs.

I now return to John, Sir John Wyndham's eldest son, before
mentioned, who died in his father's lifetime. He married Flo-
rence, daughter of John, and sister and coheir to Nicholas Wad-
ham, of Merifield, in com. Somerset, and of Edge, in Devonshire,
Esq. (founder of Wadham College, in Oxford), by whom he had
an only son. Sir John, the father, lies buried in the church of
St. Decuman's, with his and his Lady's effigies, engraved in brass
of about four feet in length, and underneath, the following in-
scription on two plates of brass :

Here lieth the lodie of John Windham, Esq, son and heire of
Sir John Windham, of Orchard, in the countye of Somerset,
Knight, deceased, who died (his father then living) the 25th day of
August, in the yeare of our Lorde 1572, and of his age about 56;
and of Florence his Wife, one of the daughters of John Wadham,
of Merefield, in the countie of Somersett, Esq. and coheire of Ni-
cholas Wadham, of Merefield aforesaid, sonne of the said John,
and brother of her the said Florence, who died the 26th day of Fe-
bruarie, in the year of our Lorde 15g6, and of her age 58. They
had issue only Sir John Windham, of Orchard aforesaid, who, of
his dutifull affection to the memorie of his dere parents, hath here
plased this monument.

Maritvs. When changeless fate to death did change

MY LIFE,

i pkayd it to be gentle to my wife.
Vxor. But shee who hart and hand to thee did

WEDD,

Desired nothing more then this thie bedd.

FaTVM. I BROVGHT YOVRE SOVLES THAT LINCKT WERE

EACH IN EITHER,
To REST ABOVE, YOYRE BODIES HERE TOGEI-
THER.

Sir John Wyndham, of Orchard, inherited, in right of his mo-
ther, the rich manor of Silferton, in Devonshire/ which had

P Prince's Worthies of Devon.

EARL OF EGREMONT.

419

been purchased by Sir John Wadham, a Justice of the Common
Pleas in the reign of Richard II. He succeeded to the estate of
Felbrigge, in Norfolk, on the death of the last male heir of Sir
Edmond Wyndham, in 41 Eliz. and in 1 Jac. I. was Sheriff of
Somersetshire. He was buried at St. Decuman's, where the fol-
lowing inscription is engraved, on one entire piece of black po-
lished marble, about ten feet high, and five broad : between the
motto and inscription are the busto of him and his Lady, cast in
brass and gilt, and let into the marble, as follows, which sets forth
his marriage, &c.

i

Memorise Joannis Windham equestri ordine insignis,

ANTIGIVA ET ILLVSTRI GENTE WlNDHAMlORVM DE FeLBUIGG,

Qvo Gavisvs est ivre HEREDITARIO,

In agro Norfolcienci orivndi;

«t charissimjE vxoris Joannje, filije Henrici Portman

de Orchard ivxta Tavnton egivitis avrati.

castissimo conivgio liberos svscepervnt

mascvlos novem, sex filiasj

gvingtvaginta dvos annos continvos in hac faroch1a

Sti Decvmani in jEdibus svis de Orchard familiam

alvervnt.
Patriae ivdicio, et popvli testimonio,
pietate et probitate SVMME CONSPICVl,
HORVM CINERES HIC CLAVSI jETERNVM DIEM,

est svas animas et svvm pkiestolantvr redemptorem.
Jlle 1 apr. Illa 13 Sep.

1645 OBIERE. 1633

JETATIS SVM ■ iETATIS SVJE

87 68

They had nine sons, and six daughters. John, his eldest son,
who succeeded him in the Somersetshire estate. 2. Henry, who
died unmarried. 3. Thomas Windham, of Felbrigge, and Croun-
thorpe, who dying on March 1st, 1653, aged eighty-two, had

<*20 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

sepulture at Felbrigge,d and by his first wife, Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of Sir Rowland Litton, Knight of the Garter, had a son,
John, who died before his father ; also by his second wife, Eli-
zabeth, daughter of Sir John Mede, of Loftus-hall, in Essex,
Knt. had two daughters, Elizabeth and Joan; and four sons;
Thomas, who died lfjfjl, and was buried in Wendon Loughts
church, Essex; William, George, and John ; from the eldest of
whom descended Ashe Windham, Esq. who represented the
county of Norfolk in parliament, in the reign of Queen Anne,
and dying aged seventy-eight, on April 5th, 1749, was succeeded
Z> 5oGk/*U+ in his estate by his only son, William W^dhan^JSsq/ 4. Hura-
yS/ phry Wyndham, ancestor to the Wyndhams, now of Dunraven-

Castle, in com. Glamorgan, and Clower-Wall, in com. Gloucest.
5. George, who died unmarried. 6. Sir Hugh Wyndham, of
Silton, Knt. who was called to the degree f of Serjeant at Law,
on June 1st, 166O; June 23d, l6/0,e constituted one of the
Barons of the Exchequer, and at length one of the Justices of
the Common Pleas; heh is buried at Silton, in Dorsetshire, un-
derneath a noble monument of white marble, which has this in-
scription ;

" Here resteth the body of Sir Hugh Windham, Knt. one of
the Justices of the Common Pleas at Wesiminster, under King
Charles the Second for 13 years. He was the eighth son of Sir
John Windham of Orchard Windham, in the county of Somerset,
Knt. He died in his circuit at Norwich, the 27th of July, in the
year of our Lord 1634, in the 82d year of his age. He had three
wives; Jane, daughter of Sir Thomas Woodhouse of Kimberly,
Norfolk, Bart, who also lies here interred ; by her he had two
sons, John, and Hugh ; and three daughters ; Blanch, Joan, and
Rachel. John, Hugh, and Joan diecj young. Hugh lies here in-
terred. Blanch was married to Sir Nathaniel Napier of More-
Critchel, Bart, and Rachel to John, Earl of Bristol, of Sherborne.
Elizabeth, his second wife, who also lies here interred, was widow
of Sir Henry Berkeley of Wimondham, in Leicestershire, Bart,
and one of the daughters of Sir William Minn of Woodcot, in
Surry, His third wife, who survived him, was widow of Sir Ed-
ward Hooper of Boveridge, Dorset, Knt. and one of the daughters

d Le Neve's Mon. Anglican. Vol. V. p. 16.
\ e Father, Irpregami, of the present Right Hon. William Windham. /t*+t. /7$V
f Dugdale's Chron. Series, p. 115. S I kid. p. 116. ^ ^/JVy

ll Hutchin's Dorsetshire, Vol. II. p. 324,-479.

y

EARL OF EGREMONT. * 421

of Thomas Fleming of Stoneham, Hants. By his two last wives
he had no issue."

7. Sir Wadham Wyndham, called to the degree of Serjeant at
Law the 24th of June, l660,h and appointed one of the Judges
of the King's Bench on November 24th following. He married
Barbara,1 daughter of Sir George Clerke, of Watford, in North-
amptonshire j and became ancestor to the Wyndhams of Norring-
ton, Dinton, Salisbury, and Spargrovej and Thomas Wyndham,
late Lord Chancellor of Ireland. 8. Sir George Wyndham, from
whom the Wyndhams of Cromer, in com. Norfolk, are descend-
ed. And, 9. Francis, who died unmarried. Two of the sons,
Henry and George, lie buried together in St. Decuman's church,
under an handsome monument, of alabaster, whereon are the
effigies of the two brothers in armour, both on their knees ; one
of them with a cloak on, and a book before him. Under it is the
following inscription :

HOC SAXVM EFFIGIES REFERT DVORUM FRATRVMj HeNRICI

Windham
et Georgii senioris: avos inter numerosam prolem,

svscepit
Johannes Windham miles, e conivge Joanna, filia

Henrici
portman milltisj apvd oxon. gradvs academicos obtin-

VERUNT,
VNDE TRANSLATI, ILLE JBI STUDIJS CIVIL1BVS, NEC NON THEO-

LOGICIS

Gnaviter nimis insvdasset, apvd Orchard decvbvit.

HlC VERO,
MILITI-flS AMORE incitatvs, primo, instrvcta CLASSE REGIA,
vltra colvmnas Hercvlis contendit, inde reversvs,
Belgiam petiit, IBia. pu^fectura brevi potitvs, inter
militks, ferventi morbo correptus Hvisdoni corrvit,

VBi NECESSITATI PAUFERVM HV1VS PAROCHIjE SVPPEDITARE

ET HOC IN SVI FRATRISO.. MEMORIAM EXTRVERE,

PROPRIIS SUMPTIBVS, CVRAV1T.

Henricvs Primogenitvs 9 Nov. 1613. anno ^etatis 30.

OBIIT '
Georgivs Septimogenitvs 5 Ivnii 1624. Alivo jjetatii 3a.

h Pugdale's Chron. Series, p. 114.
* Monument in Watford Church.

422 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

His daughters were, Joan, wife of John Gifford, of Brightley ;
Margaret, of John Courtenay, of Molland; and Florence, of John
Harris, of Heane, all in com. Devon. Esqrs. ; Rachel, wife of
Thomas Moore, of Heitesbury, in com. Wilts; Margery, of Tho-
mas Carew, of Crocomb, in com. Somerset, Esqrs.; and Anne, of
Sir John Strode, of Parnam, in com. Dorset, Knt.

John, the eldest son of Sir John Wyndham, married Catharine,
daughter of Robert Hopton, of Witham, in com. Som. Esq. sister
and coheir to that loyal and valiant commander, Ralph, Lord
Hopton. He died in l64p, and was father of Sir William Wynd-
ham, Bart, who succeeded him; Thomas Wyndham, of Witham,
and three other sons, that died unmarried ; also of four daugh-
ters; Florence, wife of Sir John Malet, Knt.; Mary, of William
Okeden, of More-Crichell, in Dorsetshire ; Anne, of Anthony
Bullen ; and Catharine, married, first, to John Speccot, and after-
wards to John Tanner, Esqrs.

Sir William Wyndham was created a Baronet, 13 Car. II. and
having worthily served his country in Parliament, and many other
stations, died at Orchard, in 1683, and was buried at St. Decu-
man's, with his ancestors; where there is a noble monument
erected to his memory, of black and white marble, finely deco-
rated and embellished with figures of cherubims' heads, angels,
arms, &c. with this inscription :

To the Memory

Of the most worthy of Immortal Memory

Sir WILLIAM WYNDHAM, of Orchard Wyndham, Knt.

and Bart.

Chiefe of the Antient, Great, and Noble Family

of WYNDHAM of FELBRIG in the County of NORFOLK,

Who
Haveing Heroically trod in the steps of his ancestors, in their

Faithfull and
Important Services to the Crowne ; and in particular having

with blessed
Successe, like another Curtius, Devoted himself, and his very

weighty Interest, to the
closeing the dreadful Breach of the late Monstrous Divisions,

Betooke himselfe
On the nine and twentyeth day of October, in the one and
fiftyeth yeare of his age, to the Enjoyment of his more glo-
rious Immortality; and in the yeare of our Lord 1683.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 423

His Lady
FRANCES (daughter of ANTHONY HVNGERFORD, of

Fayrly Castle, Esq.)
By whom he had five sonnes and six daughters, the hopeful

Remainder of which number

were at the time of his death two sonnes EDWARD and HVGH,

and fower daughters,

RACHEL, Lady Speke,

ELIZABETH, wife of THOMAS ERLE, Esq.

FRANCES, wife of NATHANIEL PALMER, Esq.

and IOANE, unmarryed,

Hath,

As a Small Instance of her Great Veneration,

For the Memory of her most deare Husband,

Erected this.

By Frances, his said wife, daughter of Anthony Hungerford,
of Farley-castle, in com. Wilts, Esq. he had issue John, William,
and Hugh, who died unmarried ; Sir Edward Wyndham, who
succeeded him ; Rachel, wife of Sir George Speke, of Haselbury,
in Wilts, Barts. and afterwards of Richard Musgrave, Esq.} Eli-
zabeth, married to Thomas Erie, of Charborough, in Dorsetshire,
Esq. General of the foot, and Privy-Counsellor to Queen Anne,'
and to George 1. j Frances, wife of Nathaniel Palmer, of Fair-
field, in com. Somerset, Esq. j and Joan, wife of William Cary,
of Clovelly, in com. Devon, Esq.

Sir Edward Wyndham, Bart, married Catharine, daughter to'
Sir William Levison Gower, Bart, sister to John Lord Gower ;
by which Lady, who died March 14th, 1/04, he bad issue, Sir
William Wyndham, and one daughter, Jane, married to Sir Ri-»
chard Grosvenor, of Eaton, in Cheshire, Bart, to whom she was
first wife, and had only a daughter, that died young.

Sir William Wyndham, Bart, his only son and successor,
was by her Majesty Queen Anne, made Master of the Buck-
hounds, and on the 18th of June, I711,k constituted Secretary of
War, and sworn one of her Majesty's Privy-council; which
place he resigned on his being made Chancellor of the Exche-
quer,1 August the 17th, 1713. He served as Knight of the Shire
for the county of Somerset, in the three last parliaments of her
reign, and in every parliament after, to his death.

k Pointer's Chron. His'. Vol. II. p. 720, 721. l Ibid. p. 73$,

434 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

I He was twice married ; first (July 21st, 1708), to the Lady Ca-
tharine Seymour, second daughter of his Grace, Charles, Duke
of Somerset, by whom he had two sons, and two daughters ; Sir
Charles his successor, late Earl of Egremont ; and Percy Obrien,
of Shortgrove, in Essex, Esq. who inheriting the estate of his
uncle, Henry, Earl of Thomond, bore the name and arms of
Obrien, and was advanced to the dignity of Baron I Brickan, and
Earl of Thomond, in the kingdom of Ireland, but died a batchelor
July 21st, 1774 5 Catharine, who died unmarried in April 1734;
and Elizabeth, who died at Wootton, in Buckinghamshire, on
5th of December, 1769, having been married in 1749 to the Ho-
nourable George Grenville, Esq. second son of the Right Ho-
nourable Hester, Countess Temple, and father by her to the pre-
sent Marquis of Buckingham,

His second Lady was Maria-Catharina, daughter of M. Peter
D'Jong, of the province of Utrecht, in Holland, and relict of
William, Marquis of Blandford, who died August 24tb, 1/31, also
sister to the Countess of Denbigh ; but had no issue by her.

He died at Wells, in Somersetshire, after an illness of a few
days, July 17th, 1740.

He was in person very amiable, and accomplished in all parts
of fine breeding; well read in learning, and of a happy memory;
of great honour and integrity, in every act of life ; and strictly
attached to the interest of his country. He was esteemed one of
the best speakers in the House of Commons, where his eloquence
was well heard. Mr. Pope has transmitted to posterity this cha-
racter of him, among others :m

* How can I, Pult'ney, Chesterfield forget,
While Roman spirit charms, and Attic wit!
Or Wyndham, just to freedom and the throne.
The master of our passions, and his own ?'

On the accession of the house of Hanover, he took a strenuous
part in opposition, and became for many years the leader of the
Tories, against the Walpole administration ; in which he was of
so much importance, that the union of Tories and discontented
Whigs was dissolved by his death." By his marriage in 17O8,
with Lady n Catherine Seymour, second daughter of Charles, the
proud duke of Somerset, he much increased his consequence. Coxe
says, that •' he was brought forward, at a very early age, by his

» Pope's second dialogue for the year 1738. n See Coxe, p ssirm

EARL OF EGREMONT. 425

friend Bolingbroke, with whom he lived in habits of the strictest
intimacy j and by whose brilliant talents he was seduced into si-
milar excesses of pleasure and gallantry." Speaker Onslow says,
" He was, in my opinion, the most made for a great man, of any
one that I have known in this' age: — every thing about hirn
seemed great: — there was no inconsistency in his composition:—
all the parts of his character suited, and were a help to one an*
other. There was much of grace and dignity in his person, and
the same in his speaking. He had no acquirements of learning j
but his eloquence, improved by use, was strong, full, and without
affectation, arising chiefly from his clearness, propriety, and ar-
gumentation; in the method of which last, by a sort of induction,
almost peculiar to himself, he had a force beyond any man 1 ever
heard in public debates. He had not the vivacity of wit and
pleasantry in his speeches, so entertaining in Daniel Pulteneyj but
there was a spirit and power in his speaking, that always anima-
ted himself and his hearers, and with the decoration of his man-
ner, which was, indeed, very ornamental, produced not only the
most attentive, respectful, but even a reverend, regard to whatever
he spoke."0

He was succeeded in dignity and estate by his eldest son,
Sir Charles Wyndham, Bart, who succeeded to the titles of
Earl of Egremont, and Baron of Cockermouth, by the
death of his Grace, Algernon, Duke of Somerset, without heir
male, who had been created Earl of Egremont, and Baro?i of
Cockermouth, in the county of Cumberland, by letters patent,
bearing date October 3d, 23 George II. with limitation of those
honours, to his said nephew, Charles, late Earl of Egremont, and
his heirs male) and, in default of such issue, to his brother, Percy
Wyndham Obrien, Esq.

His Lordship, whilst he was a Commoner, was elected to Par-
liament, as soon as he came of age,P for the borough of Bridge-
water, in Somersetshire, on the decease of Thomas Palmer, Esq.
who died in March, 1735 ; and for i Appleby, in Westmoreland,
in the succeeding Parliament, summoned to meet June 25th, 1741.
Also in the Parliament, summoned August 13th, 1/41, he was
chosen for Taunton, in Somersetshire, and for Cockermouth, in
Cumberland. On 30th April, 1751, he took the oaths before the
King at St. James's, as Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum
of the county of Cumberland, and continued so till his death.

• Coxe, II. $6zy where see more of him.
P British Parliam. Register, No. 180. 1 Ibid. No. 20T.

425 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

His Lordship, on April 24th, 1761, was nominated the first of the
three Plenipotentiaries, on the part of Great Britain, to the in-
tended Congress at Augsburg, for a general pacification between
the belligerent powers, Great Britain, France, Hungary, Sweden,
Russia, Prussia, and Saxony. He was sworn of his Majesty's
Privy-council on July 8th, and constituted Secretary of State on
October 9th, that year, on the resignation of William Pitt, Esq.
On December 29th, 1 762, his Lordship took the oaths, at St.
James's, as Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the county
of Sussex -, and was elected Governor of the Charter-House, in
June, J763 ; but died of an apoplectic fit on August 21st follow-
ing, at his house in Piccadilly, London/

On March 12th, 1750-1, his Lordship married Alicia-Maria,
daughter of George, Lord Carpenter, and sister to George Earl of
Tyrconnel, in Ireland 5 and by her Ladyship (who was, at the
establishment of the present Queen's household, in September,
1761, appointed one of the Ladies of the Bedchamber to her Ma-
jesty, and re-married on July 6th, 176/, to Count Bruhl, a Saxon
nobleman, and died in 1794), had four sons, and three daughters.

1. George, noiv Earl of Egremont.

2. Percy-Charles, born on September 23d, 1757»

3. Charles- William, born on October 8th, 17595 now M, P.
for Sussex,- married, February 4th, 1801, Lady Anne, daughter
of George, late Earl of Jersey, and widow of W. H. Lambton, Esq.

4. William-Frederick (to whom their Majesties were sponsors
in person), born April 6th, 1 763, married Miss Harford, natural
daughter of the late Frederick Lord Baltimore 5 and has issue,
1. George-Francis, born August 30th, 1785. 2. Laura. 3. Julia.
4. A son born at Florence in July 1794 5 where the father was
his Majesty's Minister in 1798.

Lady Elizabeth-Alicia-Maria, born on November 30th, 1752,
and married July 1771, to Henry Earl of Caernarvon.

Lady Frances, born on July 10th, 1755, and married to Charles,
now Earl Romney ; and died January 15th, 1795.

Lady Charlotte,, born on September 5th, 1756, but died young.

George, the present and second Earl of Egremont, was
born on December 7th, 1751, succeeded his father, in titles and
Estate, on August 21st, 1763, and is unmarried. His Lordship
resides principally at his magnificent seat of Petworth, where he
has distinguished himself by his attention to agricultural pur-
suits.

* See Park's R. and N. A. IV. 256.

EARL OF EGREMONT. 42jr

Titles. George, Earl of Egremont, Lord and Baron of Cocker-
mouth, and Bart.

Creations. Earl of Egremont, and Baron of Cockermouth, both
in the county of Cumberland, October 3d, 1749, 23 George II. j
and Bart. December 3d, l66l, 13 Car. II.

Arms. Azure, a chevron, between three lions heads erased,
Or.

Crest. A lion's head, erased, within a Fetterlock, Or : but
whether granted by the house of York, whose cognisance was a
Fetterlock, or in an allusion to the family of Felbrigge, who also
bore it, is not known.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a lion rampant, Azure, winged
invertedly, Or. On the sinister side, a griphon, argent, gutte dc
sang.

Motto. Au Bon Droit.

Chief Seats. Petworth, in the county of Sussex ; and Wresii-
castle, in Yorkshire; and at Orchard Windham, and Witham, ia
Somersetshire.

428 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

HARCOURT EARL HARCOURT.

This ancient and illustrious family is descended from Bernard,
a nobleman of the blood royal of Saxony, who, being born in
Denmark, was surnamed the Dane. This Bernard was chief
counsellor, and second in command to the famous Rollo, proge-
nitor to the Kings of England of the Norman line, in his descent
upon Normandy, A. D. 876, and obtained the Lordships of Har-
court, Caileville, and Beauficel, in recompence for his eminent
services, when Rollo, who was also a Dane, made himself master
of that province. Bernard was likewise minister to Rollo's son,
and successor, William, styled Longa-Spatha, and guardian to
his son Richard, Duke of Normandy, surnamed the Hardy, as
well as regent of the Norman territories, during his minority.

This renowned statesman and warrior married ■ de Sprote,

a lady of the Royal family of Burgundy, and by her left an only
ion and heir,

Torf, surnamed the Rich, who added Torville, Torcy, Torny,
and Pontatou, to his paternal inheritance 3 and by Ertemberga his
wife, daughter of Launcelot de Briquebec, a nobleman of Danish
extraction, had three sons, viz.

1. Touroude, or Turulph.

2. Turchetil, ancestor to the present Earl Harcourt (as shall be
fully shewn, after giving an account of the descendants of his said
elder brother Touroude). And,

3. William de Torville.

Touroude, or Turulph, the eldest son, was Lord of Pont-au-de-
mer (or Pontaudomare), Torville, Torcy, Pontatou, and Eourg-
touroude, and joint governor and guardian, with his brother Tur-
chetil, to the aforesaid William Duke of Normandy, during his

EARL HARCOURT. 42$

minority. He married Wiva (by some called Duceline), sister
of Gunnora, second wife of Richard Duke of Normandy: and by
her was father of five sons, and one daughter, viz. Humphrey de
Vetulis; Herbrand; Gilbert; Richard; and Ilbert. a His daugh-
ter was Josseline, who wedded Hugh de Montgomery, and by him
was mother of Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Shrewsbury, and
Arundel, and Chichester.

Humphrey de Vetulis, was Lord of Pont-au-de-mer, Preaux,
Beaumont, &c. and founded the two abbies of St. Peter and St.
Leger in France. By his wife, Auberia or Albreda de la Haye,
he had two sons, Robert de Beaumont, who was killed, without
issue, by Roger de Clare; and Roger de Beaumont, who succeeded
to all the possessions of his father and brother; and accompa-
nied William the Conqueror in his expedition to England, A. D.
1Q6G.

This Roger de Beaumont, called Barbatus, espoused Adeline,
daughter of Walleran, and sister and heir of Hugh, Earl of Mel-
lent, and by her was father of four children ; viz. Robert de
Beaumont, Earl of Mellent and Leicester; Henry, surnamed de
Newburgh, who in IO76 was created -Earl of Warwick, but his
issue male expired in 1242. William de Beaumont; and Albreda,
who took the veil, and became an abbess.

Robert de Beaumont, the eldest son, was, in 1103, created
Earl of Leicester by King Henry 1. having before, on the death
of his mother, became Earl of Mellent. He married Elizabeth,
daughter of Hugh the Great, Earl of Vermandois, of the blood
royal of France, and died A. D. 1118; having, by his said Lady,
had Walleran, his eldest son ; Robert, second son (surnamed Bos-
su), of both whom more fully; and several other children, be-
sides Hugh, third son, called Pauper (or Poor), who was created
Earl of Bedford, and wedded Alice D'Estouteville, but " \1 with-
out issue.

Walleran de Beaumont, the said eldest son, succeeded to
the earldom of Mellent, and was farther dignified with the title
of Earl of Worcester, by King Stephen, A. D. 1144. He married
Elizabeth, sister of Simon Mont fort, Earl of Eureux, and by her
was father of Robert de Beaumont, who succeeded him as Earl
of Mellent, and by Maud his wife, daughter of Reginald Earl of
Cornwall (natural son of King Henry I.) was father of Peter
de Beaumont, his successor in the earldom of Mellent; and of

* Mr. Edmons tn's Baronagium Genealogium.

430 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Joan, wedded to Robert de Harcourt, from whom the Harcourts
of France are descended, as shall be fully shewn.

Robert de Beaumont, surnamed Bossu, second son of Ro-
bert de Beaumont, and Elizabeth daughter of Hugh Earl of Ver-
mandois, succeeded his father as Earl of Leicester, and departed
this life A D. 1168. He had two wives ; first, Amicia, daugh-
' ter of Ralph de Waier, Earl of Norfolk j and, secondly, Amicia,
daughter of Ralph de Montfort. By the latter he had no chil-
dren, but by the first he had Robert his heir (styled Blanchmains,
or White Hands) 5 Isabel, wedded, first, to Simon St. Liz, Earl
of Huntingdon; and, secondly, to Gervase Paganel; and Hawyse,
married to William Earl of Gloucester. The said Robert (styled
Blanchmains), besides inheriting the earldom of Leicester from
his father, had the honour of Hinckley, and the office of High
Steward of England, with his wife Petronilla, daughter of Hugh
de Grentemesnil 5 and by her was father of, 1. Robert (called
Fitz-Parnel), who succeeded him in H90, as Earl of Leicester,
but died in 1204, without any issue by his wife, Lauretta, daugh-
ter of William Lord Braose, of Brember ; 2. Roger de Beau-
mont, who died Bishop of St. Andrew's, in Scotland, A.D. 1202;
3. William, who is by some said to have died without issue, but
according to Sir Robert Douglass, in his Peerage of Scotland,
p. 32(5, was ancestor of all the Hamiltons in Scotland, &c. 4,
Amicia, succesively wedded to Simon Montfort, and Henry de
Barres; and, 5. Margaret, married to Sayer de Quincy, Earl of
Winchester, and by him mother of Orabella, the wife of Sir Ri-
chard Harcourt, of Stanton-Harcourt, Ellenhall, &c. hereafter
mentioned.

Having thus brought down the line of Touroude, or Turulph,
the eldest son of Torf and Ertemberga de Briquebec, we shall now
proceed to trace the descendants of Turghetil, the second son,
lineal ancestor of the present Earl Harcourt.

The said Turghetil was Lord of Turquevile, Turqueray, &c.
and joint guardian and governor, with his said elder brother,
Touroude, to William Duke of Normandy, as before taken notice
of j and at last basely murdered for his attachment to that prince.
He married Adeline de Montfort, sister of Toustain Lord of
Montfort sur Risle ; and by her had Anchitel, his heir; Walter
de Turqueville ; and Lesseiine, the wife of William Earl of Eu,
Exmes, and Montreuil.

Anchitel, the eldest son of Turchetil, was the first who took
the surname of Harcourt : and by his wife, Eve de Boessey,

EARL HARCOURT. 431

Lady of Boessey la Chastely had seven sons, and one daughter;
viz. 1 . Errand, or Anguerrand de Harcourt. 2. Robert de Har-
court. 3. John de Harcourt. 4. Arnold de Harcourt. 5. Ger-
yase de Harcourt. 6. Ivo de Harcourt. 7- Renauld de Harcourt.
And Agnes, the wife of de Formeville.

Errand de Harcourt, the eldest son, wedded Emma
D'Estouteville ; was commander of the archers of Val de Ruel in
the descent of William the Conqueror upon England, A. D.
lOfjo, and returned to his native country after that Prince's coro-
nation, which was solemnized on Christmas-day that year.

Robert de Harcourt, second son, surnamed the Strong, was the
ancestor of the present Earl Harcourt, and as such shall be treated
of; and

Arnold de Harcourt, fourth son, was sent for to England from
Normandy, by William the Conqueror, A. D. 1068, to assist
against the Danes, by whom, he was slain in an engagement.

Robert de Harcourt, second son, before mentioned, surnamed
the Strong, built the castle of Harcourt ; and also, with his elder
brother Errand, attended William Duke of Normandy in his ex-
pedition to England, A. D. 1066. - This Robert married Colede
D'Argouges, and by her had seven sons. 1, William, of whom
more at large hereafter. 2. Richard de Harcourt, who founded
the commandery of St. Stephen at Reneville, became a Knight
Templar, Grand Prior of France, and was buried at St. Stephen's
aforesaid. 3. Philip de Harcourt, who was Dean of Lincoln,
Archdeacon of York, nominated to the bishopric of Salisbury,
and appointed Bishop of Bayeux, where he was buried, A. D. 1 163.
4, Henry de Harcourt. 5. Baldwin de Harcourt. 6. Errand de
Harcourt. And, J, Rollo de Harcourt; who settled in England;
and by his wife, Roesia, sister and coheir to William, son of Pain
Peverell, Lord of Brunne, and Standard-bearer to Robert Curtois
(eldest son of William the Conqueror), in the Holy Land, was
father of an only child, Albreda, the wife of Sir William Tursbut,
of Yorkshire.

William de Harcourt, eldest son of Robert, before mentioned,
taking part with Henry I. against his brother Robert Curtois
aforesaid, commanded the troops which defeated Walleran de
Beaumont, Earl of Mellent, in the battle near Bourgtouroude,
A. D. 1 123, and for his services was rewarded with large posses-
sions in England. He wedded Hue D'.Amboise, by whom he had
three sons, and two daughters; viz. Robert de Harcourt, Ivo de
Harcourt, of both of whom more amply; Simon de Harcourt,

432 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

•who married Adeliza, daughter and coheir of Osbert de Arden,
of Kingsbury, in Warwickshire, but died without issue ; Peretta,
the wife of John, Lord of Hellenviliier, in France -, and Beatrix,
espoused to Robert Basset.

Robert de Harcourt, eldest son of William aforesaid, was
Baron of Harcourt, Elboeuf, la Saussay, Beaumesnel, Poligny,
Boessey le Chastel, and Reneville ; and ancestor of John de Har-
court, Viscount of Chatelleraut, Baron of Elboeuf, Brione, d'Ars-
cot, Mezieres, l'lslebone, Gravenshon, &c. in whose favour the
barony of Harcourt was, by Philip de Valois, or Philip VI. King
of France, erected into an earldom, in March, 1338. He was
also progenitor of the Harcourts, Counts of Harcourt cmd Aumalle,
and of the Marquisses of Montmorency, 1578, as also of Peter de
Harcourt, Baron of Beauvron, BeaufTou, &c. in recompence of
whose services, the Baronies of la Motte, Mery, Cleville, and
Vareville, were, by letters mandatory, J 593, (temp. Henry IV.)
erected into a martjuisate, called la Motte Harcourt. From this
Peter de Harcourt descended Henry de Harcourt, Mareschal of
France, from whom the marquisates of Thury, and la Motte Har-
court, were united, and erected into the dukedom of Harcourt,
1700, and made a peerdom of France, 1709, (temp. Lud. XIV.)
Robert de Harcourt was progenitor of these illustrious families,
by his wife Joan, daughter of Robert Beaumont, Earl of Mellent,
as already taken notice of. By the same Lady he was also an-
cestor of the Harcourts, Barons Bonestable and Montgomery, ex-
tinct, and of the Harcourts present Barons d'OUonde.

Ivo, second son of William de Harcourt and Hue D'Amboise,

inherited all his father's possessions in England ; and by his

wife, was father of Robert de Harcourt, his successor 5 John de
Harcourt j and Lucy, the wife of Daunley.

Robert de Harcourt, successor to his father, Ivo, was Sheriff
of Warwick and Leicester, in the years 11 (JQ, 1201, and 1202,
in which last year he departed this life. In the 9th of Richard I.
he was acquitted of scutage-money to the King, by writ of the
Chief justiciar, because his son William did service for him in his
Majesty's army.b He was seated, in the right of his wife Isabel,
at Stanton, in Oxfordshire, since that time called Stanton-Har-
court. The said Isabel was the only child and heir of Richard de
Camville, who was third son of Richard de Camville, who founded
Combe-abbey, in Warwickshire, and was son and heir of Gerard

b Madex's Hist, of the Exchequer, p. 458.

EARL HARCOURT. 433.

dc Camville, Lord of Lilbourne, near Creek, in Northampton-
shire : and Isabel's mother was Milicent, cousin to King Henry
J.'s second consort, Adeliza, or Adelicia (daughter to Godfrey I.
Duke of Brabant), who gave to the said Milicent, on her mar-
riage with the said Richard Camville, the Lordship of Stanton
aforesaid, which was confirmed to her, and her heirs, by King
Stephen and King Henry II. By this Isabel, the said Robert de
Harcourt had four sons and one daughter j viz.

1. William, his heir.

2. Oliver de Harcourt, who joined Lewis Prince of France, and
his party, against King John, but was made prisoner at the battle
Of Lincoln, A.D. 1217.

3. John de Harcourt, who was seated at Roledge (Rodeley),
in Leicestershire, and married Hawis, daughter of Sir William
Burdet.

4. Sir Robert de Harcourt, who married Dionysia, daughter
and coheir of Henry Pipard, of Lapworth, in Warwickshire,
And,

Alice> successively the wife of John de Limesi, and Walleran
de Newburg, Earl of Warwick.

William de Harcourt, eldest son of the said Robert and Isabel,
was called the Englishman, to distinguish him from others of the
same name ; and adhered to King John against Lewis Prince of
France, and the rebellious Barons, in 121 7. He was with Sayer
de Quincy, Earl of Winchester, and others, at the siege of Da-
mietta, in Palestine, A.D. 1218 j and, next year, was Governor
of Tamworth castle. This William, by appointment of King
John, married Alice, eldest of the two daughters and coheirs of
Thomas Noel, by his wife, Margaret, eldest of the three daugh-
ters of Guy le Strange, of Knockin, and coheirs to their brother
Raphe : and the said Thomas Noel was elder brother of Philip
Noel, difect ancestor of the late Earls of Gainsborough. With
the said Alice, William de Harcourt had the Lordships of Ellen-
hall, Seighford, Bridgeford, Podmore, with a moiety of Cutculme,
in Staffordshire, together with Granborough, in Warwickshire.
By this said Lady he had two sons, and one daughter ; viz. Sir
Richard de Harcourt, his successor ; Sir Henry de Harcourt, who
being knighted in 1278, espoused Emma, daughter and heir of
William Maunsel, of Erdington, in Warwickshire, and by her,
at his death, A. D. 1293, was father of an only child, Margaret,
who was married, first, to John Pipe (the son of Edward Pipe,
her mother's second husband) j and, secondly, to John de Saun-

VOL. IV. 2 F

431 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

dersted; and the daughter was Hellen, the wife of Hugh Bi°ct,
Justiciar of England.

Sir RiCHARDd de Harcourt, eldest son and heir of the aforesaid
William, Lord of Stanton-Harcoitrt, Ellenhall, &c. married Ora-
bella, daughter of Sayer (or Robert, according to the Visitation
of Staffordshire, anno 15S3), de Quincy, Constable of Scotland,
Earl of Winchester, &:c. by Margaret his wife, sister and coheir
of Robert (Fitz-Parnel), Farl of Leicester, as before narrated. He
had the manors of Bosworth, Elstow, or Ailston, Charnwood, &c;
in com. Leicest. in marriage with the said Orabella, who bore to
him two sons and a daughter; viz. Sir William, his successor;
Sayer de Harcourt, who joined Simon Montfort, Earl of Leices-
ter, against King Henry III. and being taken at the battle of
Evesham, August 6th, 1266, died in confinement and disseised of
his lands, the same year; and Maud, the wife of Sir Giles Pene-
ston, Knt. Sir Richard died in 1258, and was succeeded by his
eldest son,

Sir William de Harcourt, who in 4J Henry III. had sum-
mons, amongst divers others, to attend at Worcester, sufficiently
furnished with horse and arms, on Lammas-day, to resist the
power of Llewellyn, Prince of Wales, then in arms at the head
of his countrymen: and next year, 1264, received command to
attend the King at Oxford, in Mid-lent, with horse and arms,
there to give him counsel, and to march along with him against
the said Llewellyn. However, he afterwards joined Simon Mont--
fort, Earl of Leicester, and his parti zans, against the said King
Henry ; but had the benefit of the Dictum de Kenilworth, pro-
claimed on October 31st, 1266, after the King recovered his li-
berty at the battle of Evesham. Sir William departed this life,
A. D. 1278, having married two wives; first, Alice, daughter of
Alan la Zouche, by whom he had two daughters; viz. Margery,
wedded to Sir John Cantelupe, without issue; and Orabella, who
was wedded to Sir Fulke Pembrugge, and died in 1279 ; ana*,
secondly, Hillaria (or Eleanor), daughter of Henry, Lord Hast-
ings, by Ada his wife, daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon,
brother to Malcolm IV. and William (denominated the Lion),
Kings of Scotland. By this Lady Sir William had an only son
and successor,

Sir Richard de Harcourt, Knt. who, in 1293, obtained, from
King Edward I. a grant of the fairs and markets at Bosworth.
He married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Beke, of Eresby, in
Lincolnshire, and sister and coheir of Sir Walter Beke, lineally

EARL HARCOURT. 435

descended from Walter Bee, who had a fair inheritance in Flan-
ders ; and, coming to England with William the Conqueror, bad
a grant from him of the said Eresby, and divers other fair lord-
ships. This Sir John Beke, of Eresby, by his last will, dated at
Eresby, on Wednesday preceding the feast of St. Margaret (July
20th), 1301, bequeathed his body to be buried in the chapel of
St. Maurice, within the abbey of Kirstedej unto whjch he gave
his coat of mail, gauntlets, harness of iron, lance, and target ;
leaving the rest of his armour to Sir Robert de Willoughby, and
Sir John de Harcourt, son of this Sir Richard, who, besides the
said Sir John, had also, by Margaret his wife, another son, Ni-
cholas, Rector of Sheppey, in Leicestershire, who by a roll of
fines, 4 Edward III. appears to have conveyed to his nephew, Sir
Richard, and his wife after -mentioned, the manors of Stanton-
Harcourt and Market Bosworthj which he probably held in
trust.

Sir John de Harcourt succeeded his father Sir Richard, anno
21 Edward I. and was knighted, at Whitsuntide, with Edward,
Prince of Wales, A D. 1306, King Edward I. preparing then
for an expedition into Scotland, where this John de Harcourt
served, bearing on his banner, Gules, two Bars, Or. He had two
wives ; first, Ellen, daughter of Eudo la Zouch, of Mellesentree,
by whom he was father of Sir William, his only son, and heir ;
and, secondly, Alice, daughter of Peter Corbet, of Causcastle, in
Shropshire, but by her had no issue. Sir John died in 1330, and
was succeeded by his son,

Sir William Harcourt, who married Jane, daughter of Rich-
ard Lord Grey of Codnor j and by her (who, after his decease,
which happened on June 6th, 1349, was, secondly, the wife of
Ralph de Ferrers, and died on August 19th, 1369}, he had two
sons 5 Sir Richard, and Sir Thomas. Sir Richard Harcourt,
the eldest son, who died in the lifetime of his father, wedded
Joan, daughter and heir to Sir William Skareshull, of Skareshull,
in Staffordshire, Knt. Lord Chief Justice of England, and by her
had an only daughter, Elizabeth, his heir, who was married to
Thomas Astley, of Nelston, in Leicestershire (second son of Tho-
mas, Lord Astley), from whom the Astleys of Patishul, in Staf-
fordshire, were lineally descended.

Sir Thomas Harcourt, second son, upon the death of his elder
brother, without male issue, became heir to his father Sir Wil-
liam, and, in 1366, received the honour of knighthood. King
Edward III. next year, granted his general letters of attorney, to

436 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

hold for one year, to this Sir Thomas, going in his service to
Milan, with his son Lionel, Duke of Clarence. Sir Thomas was
Knight in Parliament for the county of Oxford, A. D. 1376. cHe
married Maud (or Alice, according to the Monasticon (or Elea-
nor, according to the Visitation of Staffordshire), daughter to
Robert, Lord Grey, of Rotherfield, and widow of Sir John Bote-
tourt, of Woody, Lord Botetourt ; and by her was father of two
sons, and three daughters ; viz. Thomas, his heir} Sir Richard
Harcourt j Joan, the wife of Thomas Erdington, of Erdington, in
Warwickshire; Catherine j and Isabel.

Thomas, the eldest son, succeeded his father on April 12th,
1417, and departing this life on June 3d, 1460, was buried at
Stanton-Harcourt. By his wife Joan, daughter of Sir Robert
Frauncis, of Formark, in Derbyshire, he had five sons, and two
daughters} viz. Sir Robert, his heir; Sir Richard, continuator
of the male line; John Harcourt ; William Harcourt, who was
steward d to George, Duke of Clarence, the unfortunate brother

to King Edward IV. and, by his wife, left Isabel, his sole

child and heir, wedded to William Moseley, of Moseley, in Staf-
fordshire j George, who died young 3 as did the two daughters,
Alice, and Isabel.

Sir Robert Harcourt, the eldest son, was Sheriff of Leicester-
shire and Warwickshire in 1445, and was Knight of the Garter
in 1463, being present, with other Knights of that most noble
order, at a chapter held by the King, at Windsor, on April 22d,
that year. He was excused, by the King, from attending a chap-
ter on April 29th, next year, being assigned, by his Majesty, for
the defence of the northern borders, in conjunction with other
Knights of the Garter. In 1467, he was commissioned with
Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick (styled the King-Maker), and
others, to treat of a peace between King Edward IV. and Lewis
XL of France. This Sir Richard signalized himself in the wars
of Henry VI. and Edward IV. and lost his life in the service of
the latter, being slain by the Staffords, of the Lancastrian party,
on November 14th, 1470, according to Vincent. He was buried
in the church of Stanton-Harcourt, as was his Lady, where a mo-
nument is erected, exhibiting their figures ; his in the habit of
the Garter over his armour, with a sword by his side; and on her

c William Moton, of Peckleton, in Leicest. who died temp. Edward IV. mar-
ried Margaret, daughter of Harecourt, of Bosworth. Burton '9 Leic. p. 219.

d Dugdale's Warwickshire, Vol. II. p. 891.

EARL HARCOURT. 437

effigies is the Garter, just above the elbow on the left arm, with
the motto, Hony soit qui mat y pense. From this, and other
authorities, Mr. Anstis has observed, that anciently the Ladies of
the Knights of the Garter had not only the habit of the order,
which was semee of Garters, but that they had also the ensign of
the Garter delivered to them. The said Lady of this renowned
Knight was ^Margaret, daughter of Sir John Byron, of Clayton,
in Lancashire j and by her Sir Robert had John Harcourt, his
successor, and three younger sons, Robert, Thomas, and George,
who all died without issue.

The said John Harcourt was twenty years of age at the death
of his father 5 and by Anne, his wife, daughter of Sir John Nor-
ris, of Bray, in Berkshire, left, at his decease on June 26th, 14S5,
an only son,

Sir Robert Harcourt, who was Standard-bearer to King Henry
VII. at the battle of Bosworth, August 22d, 1485; and, in 14()5,
made one of the Knights of the Bath, at the creation of Henry
Duke of York, that Monarch's second son, and successor. He
was, moreover, dubbed Knight-banneret for his gallant behaviour
at the battle of Blackheath, against James, Lord Audley, and his
Cornish followers, June 22d, 1497- This Sir Robert Harcourt,
who lies interred at Stanton-Harcourt, married Agnes, daughter
of Thomas Lymerick ; and by her had a son, John, who died in
his life-time, without issue; and five daughters, who then became
his coheirs j viz, Elizabeth, married to Robert Gainsford, of
Hampton-Poyle, in com. Oxon. Esq-; Letitia, successively the
wife of Humphry Peshal, Esq. and Thomas Nevil, Esq.; Cathe-
rine, wedded to Thomas Stoner, Esq. ; Ellen, to Richard e Beck-

ingham, of Pudlicot, in Oxfordshire; and to William Cope,

of Hanwell, in the same county, Esq.

Having thus brought dowa the descendants of Sir Robert Har-
court, eldest son of Thomas Harcourt, we shall now proceed with
those of Sir Richard Harcourt, second son of the said Thomas,
eldest son of Sir Thomas Harcourt, and the daughter of Lord
Grey of Rotherfield. The said Sir Richard Harcourt died on Oc-
tober 1st, 1487, having had three wives; first, Edith, daughter
and heir of Thomas St. Clere; secondly, Eleanor, daughter of
Sir Roger Lewknor, of Raunton, in Staffordshire, Knt. ; thirdly,

Catherine, daughter of , and widow of Sir Miles Stapleton,

Knt.

* MS, St. George praeJ,

438 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

By the first he had Sir Christopher Harcourt, his heir ; and
Anne, successively wedded to Henry Fiennes, Lord Say and Sele,
anc3 to John, son of Simon Montfort.

By the second he was father of John Harcourt, of Staunton,
who married Margaret, daughter of William Bray, of Pembridge,
in Herefordshire.

And by his thi^d Lady (who died on October 13th, 1489), ne
had an only son. William Harcourt.

Sir Christopher, the eldest son and heir of Sir Richard, died
in 1474, having had issue by his wife, Joan, daughter and heir of
Sir Miles Stapleton, aforesaid, three sons; Richard, who died un-
married j Sir Simon Harcourt, continuator of the line; and Miles
Harcourt, who died unmarried.

The said Sir Simon Harcourt, second but eldest surviving son,
having distinguished himself at the sieges of Terouenne and
Tournay, and at the action fought on August 18th, 1513, near
Guinegaste (commonly called the battle of spurs), received the
honour of knighthood for his bravery on those occasions. This Sir
Simon dying on January ltJth, 1547, wa* interred at Stanton-
Harcourt, which reverted to him on the extinction of the male
line of Sir Robert Harcourt, elder brother of Sir Richard Har-
court, abovementioned. Sir Simon was twice married ; first, to
Agnes, daughter of Thomas Darrel, of Scotney, in Kent; and,

secondly, to Elizabeth, daughter of ■ , and widow of

Sir Richard York, Knt. By the last he had no issue ; but by the
first was father of two sons ; viz. Sir John Harcourt, his succes-
sor; and Edmund Harcourt; as also of a daughter, Florence, mar-
ried to Sir John Cotesmore, Knt. of Baldwin Brightwell, Ox-
fordshire.

Sir John Harcourt, the eldest son, married Margaret, daugh-
ter, and at length coheir of Sir William Barentyne, of Hasely, in
Oxfordshire, and sister to Francis Barentyne ; and by her had six
sons; viz.

1. Sir Simon, his heir,

2. Robert, who wedded Elizabeth, daughter of , and

widow of Rohyns, citizen and merchant of London, but

had no issue by her, who departed this life, A. D. 1582, and had
interment at Chebsey, in Staffordshire.

3. Michael, who married , daughter and heir of Til-

ney, widow of Greenway, of Bucks.

4. Edward/ who married Anne, daughter and heir of Thoma*

« Visitation of Staffordshire, Bucks, and Surrey.

EARL HARCOURT. 43Q

-Windsor, of Stoke Poges, in Bucks, and widow of John Purefoy,
of the same county.

5. Walter. And, 6. Henry.

By the same Lady, Sir John was also father of eight daughters;
1. Winifrid, the wife of Anthony Green way. 2. Joan, wedded

to Clark. 3. Catherine, successively the wife of John

Herle, of Stanton-Harcourt, in corn. Oxon, and of Sir John Pe-
sha!l,f of Checkley, in Staffordshire, Knt. 4. Ursula, married

to Guisnes, of Sussex. 5. Anne, wedded, first, to John

Knevet, of Ashwelthorp, in Norfolk j and, secondly, to William
Bowver, Keeper ot the Records. 6. Susan. 7- Elizabeth. And,
8. Mary, wife of William Tavernor, of Wood-Eaton, Oxfordshire,
and re-iparried to Lee Cromwell, of Holly well, in Oxford.

Sir John, departing this life on February lgth, 15(55, had sepul-
ture at Stanton-Harcourt; and was succeeded by his eldest son,

Sir Simon Harcourt, who had three wives; first, Mary,
daughter of Sir Edward Aston, of Tixhall, in Staffordshire, Knt.
and ancestor of the present Lord Aston of Forfar, in Scotland.

Secondly, Grace, daughter of Humphry Fitz-Herbert, of UpsaL
in Herefordshire, and widow of William Robinson, of Drayton-
Basset, in Staffordshire, Esq.jS and,

Thirdly, to Jane, daughter to Sir William Spencer, of Worm-
leighton, in Warwickshire, Knt. (ancestor of the Duke of Marl-
borough), and relict of Sir Richard Bruges, of Shefford, in Berk-
shire, and Lutgarshall, in Southampton, Knt. but by this Lady
Sir Simon had no issue.

By the second he had a daughter, Wilgiforta, married to Wil-
liam Leyeton, and

By the first was father of five sons and four daughtersj viz.

1 . Sir Walter, his heir.

2. John Harcourt, who by his wife, Mary, daughter of Walter
Jones, of Whitney, in Oxfordshire, and widow of Bryan de Coges,
had an only child, Essex Harcourt.

3. Robert Harcourt, who purchased the manor of Chebsey, in
Staffordshire, from Sir Edward Stafford, of Grafton, and died
without issue.

4. Edward Harcourt, who married Anne, daughter of Robert
Colyer, of Carleston, in the county of Stafford.

5. William, who wedded Catharine, daughter of Smith.

f Ex Inform. Dom. J. Peshall, Barti.
? " 1 8th May, 1563, was married the Right Worshipful Maister Simon Hai-
court, of Raunton, Esq. and the right worshipful Grace Robinson.'* Draytoa
Par. Reg. in Shaw's Staffordshire, II. p. 10.

440 PEERAGE OB* ENGLAND.

Jane, the wife of John Grey, of Envil, in Staffordshire, pre-
decessor to the Earl of Stamford ; Elizabeth, married to Richard
Chamberlain, of Ashley, in Warwickshire ; Frances ; and Mary.

This Sir Simon, who was knighted by Henry VIII, and served
the office of Sheriff for the counties of Oxford and Berkshire,
died on July 27th, 1577, and was interred at Stanton-Harcourt.

Sir Walter, his eldest son, was knighted by the Earl of Essex
at Rome, and possessed Stanton-Harcourt, and Ellen-hall, in
St afford sir re, A. D. 1604; at the first of which places he lies bu-
ried. He had to wife Dorothy, daughter of William Robinson,
of Drayton-Basset, in Staffordshire 5 and by her was father of two
sons.

1. Robert, his successor. And,

2. Michael Harcourt, Captain of a ship under Sir Walter Ra-
leigh.

Also of three daughters; viz. Grace, who died young, on June
13th, 1583, and was buried at Rantonj Jane, married to William
Essex, of Lamborne, in Berkshire j and Elizabeth, Maid of Ho*-
nour in 1607 to Queen Anne, the Consort of King James I.

Robert, the eldest son and heir of Sir Walter Harcourt (aged
nine years at the time of the Visitation of Staffordshire, anno
1583), was the most considerable adventurer with Sir Walter
Raleigh, in his voyage to Wiassero, Guyana, &c. in America;
having obtained a patent from James I. for planting part of Guy-
ana. He began his voyage thither in 16OQ, with his brother
Capt, Michael j and afterwards, in 1(H3, published an account
of his voyage, describing the climate, situation, &c. of the place.11
He had two wives; first, Elizabeth, daughter of John Fitz-Her-
bert, of Norbury, in Derbyshire, Esq. and, secondly, Frances,
daughter of Geffrey Vere, Esq. youngest son of John Earl of Ox-
ford, and sister to those renowned warriors, Sir Francis Vere, and
Horace Lord Vere of Tilbury. He had no issue by the first Lady;
but by the second he was father of

1. Sir Simon Harcourt, his successor.

2. Francis, who died unmarried.

3. Vere Harcourt, D. D. of whom afterwards.

Elizabeth, who died young ; Jane, married to Henry, son of
Sir Giles Wroughton, of Broadhenton, in Wiltshire, Knt.; Doro-
thy, wire of Thomas Chetwynd (son of Edward Chetwynd, D.D.
Dean of Bristol), he died in September 1641 5 and Margaret,

h He embarked and lost $©00 I. in the expedition ; which for the two ne$t
generations obscured the family property,

i

EARL HARCOURT. 441

who was born in 1607, but died the same year, and was buried at
Stanton-Harccurt.

Vere Harcourt, the third son, D. D. was Archdeacon of Not-
tingham, and rector of Plumtree in that county, A.D. 1660, and
prebendary of Lincoln. He died in 1083, and was buried in
York Cathedral ; having married Lucy, daughter of Roger
Thornton, of Snailwell, in Cambridgeshire, Esq. and had, by
her, Simon Harcourt, his heir, besides another son, and two
daughters, who died unmarried. Simon, the eldest son, and heir,
was Clerk of the Crown, and inherited Pendley, in Hertfordshire,
in right of his wife, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Sir Richard
Anderson, of Pendley, Bart, and Elizabeth his wife, . one of the
sisters and coheirs of George Lord Viscount Hewit, and Baron of
Gowran, in Ireland. By the said Elizabeth Anderson, who died on
March 29th, 1694, and was buried at Aldbury, in Hertfordshire,
this Simon had many children, but of them only three sons, and
three daughters,' lived to the age of maturity; viz. Henry, Rich-
ard, Simon, Elizabeth, Margaret, and Arabella ; which last four
died unmarried. Richard, the second surviving son, had two
wives j first, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Harcourt, Knt,

after mentioned ; and, secondly, . daughter of Banister.

By the last wife, Richard had two daughters; Elizabeth, and
Jane j and by the first he was also father of two children : first,
Richard Harcourt, of Wigsel, in Sussex, Esq. who by Phebe his
wife, daughter of Sir Charles Palmer, of Dorney-court, in Buck-^
inghamshire, Bart, had two daughters ; viz. Phebe, wedded to
Anthony Sawyer, Esq.; and Elizabeth; secondly, Anne, married
to Sir Charles Palmer, of Dorney-court. Henry Harcourt, the
eldest son of Simon Harcourt, of Pendley, aforesaid, succeeded
his father on March 30th, 1724 ; and by Frances his wife, only
daughter and heir of Nathaniel Bard, Esq. and of his wife Per-
uana, daughter and sole heir of Henry Bard, Earl of Belomont, in
Ireland, had issue, three sons, and eight daughters; Richard Bard,
his heir; John, who died on August 14th, 1748; Henry Har-r
court, rector of Warbleton and Crowhurst, in Sussex; Elizabeth;
Ernestina-Sophia-Cbarlotte; Louisa-Sophia-Cbarlotte; Melusina-
J3ophia-Charlotte;k Anne; Persiana; and Caroline and Sophia,
who both died infants. Henry, the father, dying on November

* From the monumental inscription in Wotton's English Baronetage. Vol. IJ.
k She died in £t. James's Street, 20th January, 1782^ aged sixty-four,

442 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

pth, 1741, h'^ sepulture with his father at Aldbury, abovemen-
ttonedj and was succeeded by his eldest son, Richard-Bard Har-
court, of Penley, in Herts, who married Rachel, daughter of Al-
bert Nesbit, Esq. and by her has a son, Henry Harcourt.

Having thus traced the descendants of Vere, the third son of
Robert Harcourt and Frances Vere, we shall proceed with Sir
Simon, eldest son and heir of the said Robert, who departed this
life on May 20th, 1631, aged fifiy-seven years.

This Sir Simon Harcourt signalized himself by feats of arms,
in which he was initiated against the Spaniards in the Low
Countries, where he was Major of the regiment commanded by his
heroic uncle, Sir Horace Vere, Baron of Tilbury, abovementioned;
at whose seat, at Kirby-hall, in Essex, were the pictures of his
Lordship's officers, and among them this Sir Simon Harcourt's,
who is said to be one of his scholars, in the Epistle to the reader
before Sir Francis Feres Commentaries. He was knighted at
Whitehall, on June 2f3tb, 1627, and Sir John Temple, in his Jp-
pcndix to the History of the Irish Rebellion, p. 52, gives this
account of him : " The Lords Justices and Council were shut up
within the city of Dublin, in a most miserable condition, despe-
rately threatened on every side, until the most happy and welcome
arrival of that truly valiant gentleman, and gallant commander, Sir
Simon Harcourt, who, being designed governor of the city of
Dublin, was dispatched away by special order of Parliament, with
his regiment, for the preservation of that place; and landed there
on the last day of December, 164 1, to the great joy and comfort
of all his Majesty's Protestant and well-affected subjects, and to
the terror of the rebels in arms." Borlace, in his Reduction of
Ireland, p. 241, says, he was (t a long experienced and excellent
officer, who was worthy the memory of the best Prince, and most
grateful people ; who afterwards was, by an especial order, ad-
mitted into the Privy-Council," On his landing at Dublin, as
aforesaid, with his regiment (which consisted of 1200 foot), he
was immediately invested with the government of that city; and,
on January 10th following, dislodged the enemy from Swords, a
village about six miles distant, and raised the blockade. Of his
last exploit we have this account: on March 26th, 1643, Sir
Simon Harcourt, with a small party, marched out of Dublin to-
wards Wicklow, and finding the rebels possessed of the castle
of Carrick Main, but four miles from the city, he sent back for
two great guns to batter it 5 but, before they arrived, Sir Simon,
as he was viewing the castle, with 200 musketeers, received a

EARL HARCOURT. 443

sliot from the garrison, which killed him on the spot. His troops
were so enraged that within a few hours after the cannon came
up, having made a breach, and entering the castle, under the
command of Colonel Gibson, they pat all therein to the sword,
refusing quarter to those rebels who had slain their beloved colo-
nel. This valiant Knight, whose corpse was buried in I
church, at Dublin, espoused Anne, daughter to William Lord
Pagetj and by her (who was, secondly, married to Sir William
Waller, of Osterly-P<rk, the Parliament's General), he had two
sons; Sir Philip, his heirj and Frederick Harcourt, who died
without issue.

Sir Philip, eldest son and heir of Sir Simon Harcourt, received
the honour ot knighthood, at Whitehall, on June 5th, l660; and
was elected Knight for Oxfordshire, to the Parliament which mejt
on March 21st, 1680-1, at the capital of that county. He died
jn April, 1088, and was buried at Stanton Harcourt.

He had two wives ; first, Anne, daughter of Sir William Wal-
ler, of Osterly park, in Middlesex, before-mentioned, by Lady
Anne, second daughter of Thomas Finch, Earl of Winchelsea;
and, secondly, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Lee, of An-
jkerwyke, in Buckinghamshire, Esq.

; By his first Lady (who died on August 23d, 1664, and was
buried at Stanton-Harcourtj, he had Simon, afterwards Baron
find Viscount Harcourt,

And by his second he was father of three sons, and four daugh-
ters ; viz. Philip; John who died in September 1(577; Lee, who
died in February, 16SO; Isabella, who died in March lfJS8j
Mary, who died in 1745, and was buried at Stanton-Harcourt, as
Jier deceased brothers and sister had been ; Elizabeth, married to
Jtichard, second son of Simon Harcourt, of Pendley, before-men-
tioned ; and Anne, who was wedded to Thomas Powell, of Pem-
brokeshire, Esq and, departing this life in 1742, was interred at
jStanton-Harcourt.

The aforesaid Philip, eldest son of Sir Philip Harcourt, by his
second wife, Elizabeth Lee, married Elizabeth, daughter and heir
of Timothy Woodroffe, Esq. and by her had three sons, and two
daughters ; viz. Philip Harcourt, of Ankerwyke, Esq. who died
without issue, by his wife, Sarah, daughter of Henry Hall, o(
Hutton-Hall, in Essex, Esq. ; Lee Harcourt, who also died with-
out issue; John Harcourt,, who espoused Anne, daughter of —- -»
Parker Esq;.1 Elizabeth ; and Mary.

J Hence perhaps descends Lieut-Colonel Harcourt of the 13th Reg. of Foot.

4U PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Sir Simon Harcourt, first Viscount, the only son of Sir
Philip by his first Lady, born 166O, was educated at Pembroke-
college in Oxford, and studied the law in the Inner Temple,
London. He served for Abingdon in all the Parliaments called
by King William from the year I69O, and in the first summoned
by Queen Anne. He was one of the Members for Bossiney, in
the Parliament which was convened in 1/06', and met again on
October 23d, 170/, as the first Parliament of Great Britain ; and
for the town of Cardigan, in that which assembled on November
lfjth, 17O8. He was elected again in 1710, for Abingdon, of
which he was also Recorder; but was appointed Lord Keeper be-
fore the Parliament met. On June 2d, 1702, he was knighted,
and constituted Solicitor-General to the Queen at the same time.
Attending her Majesty, in August that year, to Oxford, when she
honoured the University with her presence, he was, among other
persons of distinction, in her Majesty's retinue, created Doctor of
Laws, on the 27th of that month. On April 23d, 1707, he was
advanced to the place of Attorney-general, which he sustained
with great dignity, but quitted it with greater, on February 12th
ensuing, by a voluutary resignation, then made and enrolled; the
only instance of that nature on our records. On the change of
the ministry, he was restored to that important employment, Sep-
tember 18th, 1710 ; on October 1 8th, the same year, he was ap-
pointed Lord Keeper of the Great Seal j and next day nominated
one of the Privy-Council. On September 3d, 1711, ne was
created a Peer of Great Britain, by the style and title of Baron
of Stanton- Harcourt, in Oxfordshire : and as the preamble
to the patent sets forth, without hyperbole, his Lordship's eminent
abilities, we here insert a copy of it :

" There is nothing wherein we more willingly exercise that
royal authority which God has entrusted us with, than by re-
warding true merit and virtue, and advancing to all suitable dig'
nity men who have merited well of us, and whose ancestors have
been remarkably famous in their generation. Among these, none
is more conspicuous than our well-beloved and very faithful
Counsellor Sir Simon Harcourt, Knt. Keeper of our Great Seal ;
a Gentleman recommended to us by a long descent of progenitors
of very ample fortunes, and renowned for their warlike actions
ever fince the Norman times j one of whom, for his bravery sig-
nalized under the standard of Edward IV. was made Knight of
the Garter ; another, fighting courageously against the Irish re-

EARL HARCGUET. 445

bels, in the cause of his royal master King Charles, the best of
Princes, was the first Englishman that fell a sacrifice to their
fury. Nor is there one of all that race, descended from such
noble ancestors, who has not been eminent for h'13 love to his
country, and loyalty to his Prince. He suffered, indeed, in his
paternal inheritance, which was diminished by the fury of the
civil wars, but not in his glory, which, being acquired by military
valour, he, as a lawyer, has advanced by the force of his wit and
eloquence} for we have understood, that his faculty in speaking
is so full of variety, that many doubt whether he is fitter to ma-
nage causes in the lower court, or to speak before a full Parlia-
ment} but it is unanimously confessed by all, that among the -
lawyers he is the most eloquent orator, and among the orators the
most able lawyers. To this praise of his eloquence, he has added
those domestick virtues, magnanimity and fidelity j supported by
which, he has resolutely persevered in maintaining the cause he
had undertaken, and in despising danger ; and has kept the en-
gagement of friendship, whether in prosperity or adversity, sacred
and inviolable. Whom therefore, furnished with such great en-
dowments of mind, all clients have wished to defend their causes;
not without reason we preferred to be one of our counsel at law ]
whom we a second time called to be our Attorney-general, which
office he had once before sustained with honour, as far as it was
thought convenient } whom lastly, since we perceived that all
these things were inferior to the largeness of his capacity, we
have advanced to the highest pitch of foiensical dignity, and made
him supreme Judge in our court of equity. He still continues to
deserve higher of us, and of all good men; and is so much a
brighter ornament to his province, as it is more honourable than
the rest he has gone through : he daily dispatches the multitude
of suits in Chancery, he removes the obstacles which delay judg-
ment in that court, and takes special care that the successful issue
of an honest cause should cost every plaintiff as little as may be.
Which things, as they are very grateful to us honourable to him-
■elf, and beneficial to the commonwealth, we think them deserv-
ing of higher reward. Therefore, that the most upright asserter
of justice may not be without a vote in the most supreme court}
that he, who can think and speak so excellently well, should not
be silent in an assembly of the eloquent, we grant him a place
among the Peers, and that he may add some splendor to that or-
der, from which both he and his posterity will deserve so much:

446 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

and that the same seat, which is known at this time, and has been
for above six hundred years, by the name and patrimony of Har-
court, be honoured with that title, which we now confer, and
will continue (if God permit), from generation to generation.
Now know ye, &c."

On April 7th, 1712, he was declared Lord High Chancellor
of Great Britain} and, being in that office at the demise of Queen
Anne, was one of the Lords of the Regency, till the arrival of
King George I. Sept. 18th; four days after which the Great Seal
was delivered to Lord Cowper. However, on July 24th, 1721, his
Majesty was pleased to advance him to the dignity of Viscount
Harcourt; and on August 25th, next year, to call him to the
council-board. Besides, he was so much in favour, that he was
nominated one of the Lords Justices in 1723, 17 25, and 1727,
during his Majesty's absence in visiting his German dominions ;
but departed this life on July 29th, the last of the said years, aged
sixty-seven, and had sepulture at Stanton-Harcourt.m

His Lordship had three wives; first, Rebecca, daughter of
Thomas Clark, Esq.; secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of Richard
Spencer, of the county of Derby, Esq. and widow of Richard
Anderson, Esq. second son of Sir Richard Anderson, of Pendley,
Bart, beforementioned ; and, thirdly, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir
Thomas Vernon, of Twickenham-Park, in Middlesex, and relict
of Sir John Walter, of Saresden, in Oxfordshire, Bart. His Lord-
ship had no issue by his two last ladies; but by the first he was
father of three sons; viz. Simon, of whom more fully; Philip
and Walter, who both died in their infancy ; and also of two
daughters; viz. Anne, wedded to John Barlow, of Slebeck, in
Pembrokeshire, Esq. and died in November 1 733 ; and Arabella,
to Herbert Aubrey, of Cley-Hanger, in the county of Hereford,
Esq.

His Lordship's eldest son, the Hon. Simon Harcourt, was
returned for the boroughs of Aylesbury and Wallingford to the
Parliaments, which met in 1710 and 1713, and were the two last
called by Queen Anne. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John
Evelyn, Esq. and sister to Sir John Evelyn, of Wotton, in Surry,

m Lord Harcourt's political principles may be known by his adherence to Har-
ley ; but Walpok won him over before his death. Our historians have not left
any very prominent traits of him. One is pleased, however, to see the heir of a
most ancient family thus exalt himself by his own exertions.

EARL HARCOURT. 41/

Bart, and by that Lady, who departed this life on April 6th, 1760,
and was buried at Santon-Harcourt, he had one son, .

Simon, late Earl Harcourt 3 and three daughters ; viz.

Elizabeth, who died unmarried, September 23th, 17^5, and
was buried at Stanton -Harcourt j Anne, who died young; Martha,
wedded to George Venables Vernon, of Sudbury, in Derbyshire,
afterwards created Lord Vernon ; and Mary, who died an in-
fant.

He departed this life in the year 1720, at Paris, whence his
corpse was brought to England, and buried at Stanton-Harcourt,
where a monument is erected to his memory, with the following
inscription by the celebrated Mr. Pope :

" To this sad shrine, whoe'er thou art t draw near!
Here lies the friend most lov'd, the son most dear:
Who ne'er knew joy, but friendship might divide,
Or gave his father grief, but when he dy'd.
How vain is reason, eloquence how weak !
If Pope must tell what HARCOURT cannot speak.
Oh let thy once-lov'd friend inscribe thy stone,
And with a father's sorrow mix his own !"

Simon, Baron and Viscount Harcourt, surviving his said soil/
was succeeded by his grandson, »

Simon, first Earl, whom his late Majesty, on December 1st,
1749, was pleased to dignify further with the titles of discount
Harcourt, of Nuneham- Courtney , and Earl Harcourt, op
Stanton-Harcourt. His Lordship was the twenty-seventh in
paternal descent from Bernard, his great ancestor, from whom so
many noble and illustrious families, besides his Lordship's, arc
descended; and the twenty- first from Ivo, patriarch of the Har-
courts of England. In May, 1735, he was appointed a Lord of
the Bedchamber to the late King ; and attended his Majesty at
the battle of Dettingen, June 2/th, 1743. On the breaking out
of the rebellion in 1745, his Lordship was one of the thirteen
Peers, who were commissioned to raise a regiment of foot, each,
for the defence of the government. In 1751, he was constituted
Governor to his present Majesty, then Prince of Wales ; and on
April 30th, that same year, was sworn of the Privy-Council: but
in I/62 resigned the office of Governor to his Royal Highness;
upon whose accession to the throne on October 25th, 17^0, his

448 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Lordship was continued at the council-board. After his Majesty/
on July 8th, 1761, had declared his resolution to demand the
Princess Charlotte of Mecklenburgh StrelitZ in marriage, he
nominated Earl Harcourt his Ambassador Extraordinary and Ple-
nipotentiary for that purpose : and his Lordship arriving at the
court of Strelitz, concluded and signed, on August 15th, a treaty
of marriage between his Britannick Majesty and the said Princess,
whom his Lordship attended to England ; having been on Septem-
ber 5th, during his absence, declared Master of the Horse to her
Majesty, in which office he continued, until he was, on April
2lst, 1763, constituted Lord Chamberlain of the Household to
her Majesty. On November 4th, 1768, his Majesty in Council
was pleased to appoint his Lordship Ambassador to the Court of
France, from which embassy his Lordship returned in August
following. On November 9th, I/69, his Lordship was declared
Lieutenant-general, and General Governor of the kingdom
of Ireland, and landing at Dublin on the 30th of the same
month, was sworn into that high office, in which he continued
till the year 1/77* His Lordship was general in the army, a Fel-
low of the Royal Society, and one of the Vice-presidents of the
Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Com-
merce.

His Lordship, in October, 1735, married Rebecca, sole daugh-
ter and heir of Charles Le Bass, of Pipwell-abbey, in Northamp-
tonshire, Esq. by his wife, Mary, daughter and coheir of Sir
Samuel Moyer, of Pilsey-hall, in Essex, Bart, and by her Lady-
ship (who died on January 16th, 1/65, and was interred at
Stanton-Harcourt), had issue, two sons, and two daughters;
viz.

1. George-Simon, his successor. ,

2. the Hon. William Harcourt, now Earl Harcourt.

3. Lady Elizabeth, who was born on January 18th, 1/38-g,
was one of the ten young Ladies, daughters of Dukes and Earls,
who supported the train of Queen Charlotte, at her nuptials, on
September 8th, 1761 ; and on June 20th, 1763, married the late
Sir William Lee, of Hartwell, in Bucks, Bart, who died July 6th,
1 799* leaving issue the late Sir William Lee, who died Lieut-
Colonel of the 25th Light Dragoons at Madras, 1801; and the
present Rev. Sir George Lee, of Hartwell.

And, 4. Lady Anne, born 1741, who died young, in IJ46,
and was buried at Stanton-Harcourt.

EARL HARCOURT. 449

His Lordship was accidentally drowned in an old well in his
park at Nuneham, on September 16th, 1777 J occasioned, as it
is imagined, by his over-reaching himself in order to save the life
of a favourite dog, who was found in the well by him, standing
on his Lordship's feet.n He was buried the 24th, it Stanton-
Harcourt.

George-Simon, second Earl Harcourt, his eldest son and
successor, was born August 1st, 1736, and at the general election,
176], was returned one of the Members for the borough of St.
Albans. 1

His Lordship was married at Nuneham, September 26th, 1 765,
to Elizabeth, daughter of George Venables Vernon, Lord Vernon,
but has no issue. His Lordship died April 201 h, I8O9, get. 73.

" This Nobleman ought not to pass to the sepulchre of his
ancestors without that tribute which Truth owes to superior Vir-
tue. Earl Harcourt possessed a very cultivated understanding.
His mind was stored with no common portion of general know-
ledge, and the whole was refined by an exquisite taste. No man
ever felt an higher sense of honour j no man ever acted from
stronger impressions of moral duty, both as it regards the com-
rhon offices of social life, or as it is enlarged and purified by the
spirit of that Religion which he seriously professed. No man
reflected more on the part he was called upon to perform in the
world, or acted with greater rectitude on the principles which he
had adopted. A natural love of tranquillity, a taste for the Fine
Arts and the more flowery paths of Literature, to which not only
the circumstances of his early life, but the bent of his genius may
have disposed him, and a constitution which never appeared to
be calculated to encounter the fatigues of public business, might
have combined to prevent his being engaged in any of the active
departments of the State. The embassy to Spain, during the
Marquis of Lansdown's Administration, was pressed upon himj
and he declined it. The office of Master of the Horse to her
Majesty was, we have equal reason to believe, conferred upon
him, as a mark of personal regard, by the King ; and he enjoyed
it to the close of his life. Hence it is that this Nobleman was
only known in the great circle of the world by an appearance,
suited to his rank and office, /the distinguished urbanity of his
manners, and as a lover and admirable judge of the Fine Arts, in.

« Ann. Reg. 1777, Deaths, 229.
VOL. IV. 2 G

450 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

which, as far as he chose to indulge himself, he may be said to
have excelled. Whether it was a mere juvenile caprice, which
had possessed him during his foreign travels, or whether he was
influenced by his descent from an ancient and distinguished fa-
mily among the Peers of France, it is not necessary to consider j
but his entrance into public life was marked by such a decided
preference to French manners and fashions, and his appearance
so adapted to it, as almost to disguise the exterior of an English-
man. But this whimsical propensity did not affect his mind, or
gallicise his character ; nor did he render it offensive to others.
He indulged his fancyj and when his intimate friends made it an
object of their sportive sallies, he would enliven them by his own
good humour, and turn aside any pleasant ridicule by the display
of his own amiable temper. If, however, he had one fashionable
folly, he had no fashionable vice ; and his leisure hours were
passed in the pursuits and embellishments of science. It was, we
believe, at this period that he produced the Set of Etchings,
which are highly estimated by the Collectors in that branch of
Art, and which the late Lord* Oxford mentions in his Works as a,
very beautiful specimen of it. The French fancy, however, wore
away, and was lost in the easy affability of the accomplished
English gentleman.— Lord Harcoqrt considered good breeding
as the first of the minor virtues, and never deviated from it; but,
as his notion of it partook rather de la vieille cour, he might be
represented by those who only knew him in the public circles as
an inflexible observer of every rule of courtly etiquette j and espe-
cially at a time when the manners and appearance of our young
men of fashion and fortune are scarcely superior to those of
their grooms, and very often inferior to that of their valets and
butlers. But he had no unbecoming pride j his behaviour never
overawed the poor, nor did it trench upon the ease of familiar
association. His punctilios were those of a refined and dignified
benevolence, and never served but as a check to those indecorums
which are ever held to be inadmissible in the sphere of polished
life. He might think, as many men of superior understanding
have done, that, on certain occasions, it is the duty of rank and
station to preserve certain forms, and to dress behaviour with
somewhat of appropriate ceremony: and it may be owing, in
some degree, to the neglect of those forms, which at present pre-
vails in rank and station, that a respect for the higher orders has
so materially diminished among the inferior classes of the people.

EARL HARCOURT. 451

But, in his family, among bis private friends, in his intercourse
with his tenants, and in all his ordinary avocations, his carriagewas
such as to give pleasure to all who had communication with him.
With his more ennobling qualities he possessed a comic elegance
of thought, and a classical facetiousness, which rendered his pri-
vate society infinitely pleasant j and even in his nervous mo-
ments, for he was occasionally troubled with them, he would
describe himself in such a way as not only to relieve the distress
of his friends, but force that hilarity upon them which would
operate also as a temporary relief to himself. At Nuneham, in
Oxfordshire, his country residence, and whose native beauties his
taste bad so embellished and improved, as to render it one of the
most admired places m that part of the kingdom, he was a bless-
ing to all who lived within the sphere of his protection; while
to the neighbourhood it is well known that the village of Nune-
ham is so ordered, by the regulations he framed, by the encou-
ragements he afforded, by the little festivals he established, and
the rewards he distributed, as to display a scene of good order,
active industry, moral duty, and humble piety, of which it were
to be wished there were more examples : though, while we offer
this testimony to the merits of the dead, it would ill become us
to pass by those of the living ; and we must mention, that Lady
Harcourt has ever had her full share in that constant exercise of
public and private benevolence which gives a benign lustre to the
most splendid station. To these .-qualities may be added his capa-
city for friendship ; nor can we pass unnoticed a very signal ex-
ample of it, in the asylum he afforded to the Duke d'Harcotirt
and his family, when the French Revolution drove them from
the proud situation, the exalted rank, and extensive property,
which they possessed in their own country, to a state of depend-
ence in this. Indeed to all, whatever their condition might be,
who had shewn him kindness, or done him service, his friendship
was appropriately directed. Mr. Whitehead the Poet-laureat,
and Mr. Mason the poet, were among those whom he distin-
guished by his early regard, and it accompanied them to the end
of their lives ; nor did it quit them there : in certain sp»Js in his
beautiful garden at Nuneham, which they respectively preferred,
the urn and the tablet commemorate and record their virtues.
The old and faithful domestics who died in his service., are not
without their memorials j and in the parochial church-yard, the
grave of an ancient gardener is distinguished by the flowers whicfc

452 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

are cultivated around it. These may be said to be little things,
but they nevertheless mark the character of that heart which
suggested them. It is almost superfluous to add, that in the
nearer and dearer relations of life, he exercised the virtues which
they required of him. Above all, Earl Harcourt was a sincere
Christian j and it pleased that Being, who measures our days and
years at his pleasure to suffer him to attain an age beyond the
common allotment of man. Tn his seventy-third year he closed
his venerable life. Such is the imperfect tribute which Affection
offers to departed Excellence— and it is offered with tears and
with truth."

His Lordship was succeeded by his only brother, William,
third and present Earl Harcourt, born March 20th, 1742-3,
who embracing a military life, distinguished himself in the Ame-<
rican War as Colonel of the 16th Regiment of Light Dragoons;
was appointed a Major General, November 12th, J/82; a Lieu-
tenant-General, October 12th, 1793: and a General, January 1st,
179&. In \779> he was appointed to the command of the lrJth
Light Dragoons, in the room of General Bunoyne, having been
previously Lieutenant-Colonel of the 18th Dragoons. In the ex-
pedition to the Continent 1794, he had the command of the Ca-
valry. On the establishment of the Military College at High
Wycombe and Marlow, he was appointed Governor j and suc-
ceeded his brother in the office of Master of the Horse to the
Queen.

His Lordship married, in September 177$> Mrs« Lockhart, re-
lict of Thomas Lockhart, of Craig House, in Scotland, Esq. and
eldest daughter of the Rev. William Danby, of Farnley, co. York,
D. D. but has no issue.

Titles. William Harcourt,0 Earl and Viscount Harcourt, Vis-
count of Nuneham-Courtney, and Baron Harcourt of Stanton-
Harcourt.

Creations. Baron Harcourt of Stanton-Harcourt, in com.
Oxon. September 3d, 1711, 10 Queen Anne ; and Viscount of
the same, July 24th, 1721, 7 George I. j and Viscount of Nune-,
ham-Courtney, in com. Oxon. and Earl Harcourt, December 1st,
1749, 23 George II.

0 No. 6365, Harl. M.S. in Brit. Museum, is a large collection of inscriptions,
&c. of this family.

EARL HARCOURT. 453

Arms. Gules, two bars, Or.

Crest. In a ducal coronet, Or, a peacock close, proper.

Supporters. Two lions, Or, each gorged with a bar gemel,
Gules.

Motto. Le Bon Temps Viendra.

Chief Seats. At Stanton-Harcourt, and at Nuneham-Courtney,
in the county of Oxford.

434 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

NORTH EARL OF GUILFORD.

This family is descended from Robert North, Esq. who de-
parted this life in 10 Edward IV. leaving issue, by Alice his wife,
daughter to John Harcourt, of Oxfordshire,

a Thomas North, Esq. of Walkringham, in Nottinghamshire >
and a daughter, Ellen, wife of John Parker ,b of Norton Lees, in
com. Derb. The said Thomas North, of Walkringham, had
issue

Roger North, Esq. who died 10 King Henry VII. leaving
two sons,

1. Thomas, ancestor to the Norths of Walkringham.

And, 2. Roger North,0 who had issue, by Christian his wife,
daughter of Richard Warcup, of Sconington, near Appleby, in
Kent (and widow of Ralph Warren), one son, Edward, and two
daughters ; Joan, wife of William Wilkinson, of London, Alder-
man -f and Alice, of Thomas Burnet, Auditor of the Exchequer.
The said Roger North died anno 1509, an^ was succeeded by
his only son and heir,

Edward North, first Lord North, born about the dyear
14Q6, and trained up in the study of the lawsj in which he made
so fair a progress, that he e came to be of council for the city of
London.

In 22 Henry VIII. he,f with Sir Brian Tuke, Knt. were con-
stituted Clerks of the Parliament} an office of much more respect

* Lilly's Ped. of Nob. M.S. p. 876, penes John Comes Egmont.

b Said to be ancestor of the Earls of Macclesfield.

c Brought up to merchandize.

* Life of Edw. Lord North, p. 4. e Ibid, p 6.

f Fat. 32 Henry VIII. p. 3.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 455

than now it is, being afterwards enjoyed by Sir William Paget,
then secretary of state, and so it came to Sir John Mason and
others. About the same time he married his first wife, who,
having had two husbands, brought him such an increase, as, not
long after, he purchased his manor of Kittling. In 1536, 28
Henry VIII. f he became one of the King's Serjeants at law, be-
ing so styled by the King in a grant then made to him : and on
the surrender of his office of clerk of the Parliament, in 32
Henry VIIT. was made Treasurer h of the court of augmentations,
an office newly erected on the dissolution of monasteries. In 33
Henry VIII. he was a Knight,' and elected one of the represen-
tatives for the county of Cambridge. In 36 Henry VIII. he was
Chancellork of the court of augmentations, jointly l with Sir Rich-
ard Rich 'j and within a few months following, sole Chancellor
of that court, by resignation of the said Sir Richard Rich. He
enjoyed, alone, that office above four years j and might have
made a greater addition to his fortune than what he left, had he
not been a person of very great integrity. In 37 Henry VIII. he
was in commission m with the Bishops of Westminster, Worces-
ter, and Chichester, to see that the Dean and Chapter of the
several cathedral churches of Canterbury, Rochester, Westminster,
Winchester, &c. then lately founded and erected, should distri-
bute, annually each, a certain sum of money in alms among poor
householders, and for the repair of the highways; which, by
their several statutes and ordinances, they were obliged to per-
form. He was n then made a Privy-counsellor, and had frequent
grants of land from the King, as a testimony of his favour, and
of the good services done him : but, as it was usual in that King
to throw down those he had raised, he was watchful not to offend
him. However, one morning there came a messenger from the
King to him, to command his immediate repair to court. He
then resided at the Charter-house, and one of his servants, an at-
tendant in his bed-chamber, when the message was delivered,
observed his master to tremble at itj but Sir Edward made the
utmost haste to wait on the King, and took with him his said
servant. On his admittance, he found the King was walking,
and continued doing so with great earnestness, looking at him
with an angry eye, which was received with a very still and sober

g Vita ejus, p. 7. •» Pat. szKenry VIII. p. 3.

i Notit. Pari. Vol. I. p. 14*. k pdt. 36 Henry VW. p. 2T> l» dors.

1 Vita ejus, p. 8. m Ry.ioer, T. XV. p. 77.

n Vita ejus, p. ia,

\

456 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

carriage. At last the King broke out in these words : We are
informed you have cheated us of certain lands in Middlesex. And
receiving no other than a plain and humble negation ; the King,
after some little pause, replied, How was it then, did we give
those lands to you ? Whereunto Sir Edward answered, Yes, Sir,
your Majesty was pleased so to do. The King on this, after a
small pause, put on a milder countenance, and, calling him to a
cupboard, conferred privately with him a long time 5 whereby his
said servant (as Dudley:, the second Lord North, was informed)
saw the King could not spare his master's service as yet : but
whether the cause lay in the King's occasions, or in his humble
behaviour and answers, must be left to the judicious to determine.
Ever after that, he was in high esteem with King Henry VIII.
and among divers of the nobility and others whom he most trusted
(being upon his death-bed), he° was constituted one of his exe-
cutors, as also appointed to be of council to his son and sucessor,
King Edward VI. and had a legacy in his will of 300 1.

On King Edward's accession to the crown, he was again elected
oneP of the Knight:, of the shire for the county of Cambridge
in the parliament then called j in which an act being passed for
the alteration of religion, and a Communion-book printed in
English, he was one of the privy-council who signed the letters
missive, dated March 13th, to be <isent to the several Bishops in
England for the use of it, to commence at Easter following. He
continued of the privy-council all King Edward's reign, and was
chosen r again Knight of the shire for Cambridge, in the second
and last parliament called by that King, being specially s recom-
mended by his letters to the Sheriff of that county. When by
the Duke of Northumberland's practices the Lady Jane Grey was
proclaimed Queen, he was * one of the council who signed that
letter sent to the Lady Mary, afterwards Queen, wherein they
acknowledge the Lady Jane to be their lawful sovereign. But
this was no hindrance to Queen Mary's favour, having otherwise
manifested himself a faithful subject ; so that, on her accession,"
he was of her privy-council 3 and on February 1/th, 1553-4, in
the first year of her reign, in consideration of his great merits
and abilities, lie was advanced to the dignity of a Baron of thi$
realm by * summons to parliament, and took his place in the

0 Rymer, T. XV. p. 1-14. P Notit. Pari, praed.

1 Strype's Memorials, Vol. II. p. 6*. r Notit. Pari. pr*d.

* Sirype, praed. p. 395. t Hollinshed, p. 1085.

« Vita ejus, p. zz, * Journal of Pari.

EAUL OF GUILFORD. 457

house of Peers on April 7th. The year following, he J waited on
Philip Prince of Spain, on his landing at Southampton on July
19th, and accompanied him to Winchester, where his marriage
with the Queen was solemnized.

After which, on December 18th„ 1558, 1 Eliz. he was z con-
stituted one of the Lords Commissioners to consider and allow of
the claims which those should make, who were to perform any
service, by tenure, on the day of that Queen s coronation -, and
wasa constituted Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire, and the
Isle of Ely j which was confirmed to him by another patent in
the second year of her reign. And by his b testament, bearing
date on March 20th, ] 563-4, bequeathed his body to be buried
at Kirtling (now called Catlage), in com. Cantab, gave to his son
and heir, Sir Roger North, Knt. his parliament robes, beseeching
God to bless him, and give him his grace truly and faithfully to
serve the Queen, and this realm, and to beware of pride and pro-
digal expenses. He was c so fearful of both his sons unthriftiness,
that he entailed his estate, to prevent alienations, as strongly as
the law of those times would bear, with a remainder to his kin-
dred of Walkringham.

He married to his first wife, d Alice, daughter of Oliver Squyer,
of South by, near Portsmouth, in com. Southamp. widow of Ed-
ward Myrffyn, of London/ son to Sir John Myrffyn, Knt. and
alderman of that city, and also the relict of John Brigadine, of
Southampton, with whom he had a considerable fortune; and
who died, leaving issue by him two daughters and two sons.

1. Sir Roger North, Knt. And,

2. Sir Thomas North, Knt. This Sir Thomas was a learned
man, and studied at Lincoln's Inn in the reign of Queen Mary.
He translated into English, Guevaras Horologium Principum :
and Plutarch's Lives, 1579 — 1595/ &c. &c. long a popular book.

He married, first, Elizabeth, daughter to Col well, and relict

of Robert Rich : but she dying without issue, he married, se-
condly, the widow of Bridgewater, Doctor of the civil law,

and by her had issue Edward North, who married Elizabeth,,
daughter of Thomas Wren, of Hadnam, in the Isle of Ely.

His Lordship's two daughters were, Christian, married to Wil-

y Hollingshed, p. inS. » Pat. i Eliz. p. 4, in dors.

* Vita, p. 26. k Morrison, qu. 7. c Vita, p. 3 1.

d Vita, p. 32.

e His son died 1553.

f Tanner's Bibloth. 549.

458 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Ham, third Earl of Worcester 5 and Mary, to Henry, Lord Scroope,
of Bolton.

He had to his second wife, Margaret, daughter to Richard But-
ler, of London, widow of Sir David Brooke, Knt. Lord Chief
Baron of the Exchequer, who survived him, and had sepulture in
the chancel of St. Lawrence Jury, London, where on her tomb
is this epitaph :

8 Lo here the Lady Margaret North

in tomb and earth doth lye ;
Of husbands four the faithful spouse,

whose fame shall never dye.
One Andrew Fraunces was the frst,

the second Robert hight,
Surnamed Chartsey, Alderman;

Sir David Brooke, a Knight,
Was third. But he that passed all,

and was in number fourth,
And for his virtue made a Lord,

was caird Sir Edward North,
These altogether do I wish

a joyful rising day :
That of the Lord, and of his Christ,

all honour they may say.
Obiit 2 die Junii, An. Dom. 15J5.

The said Edward Lord North,h departed this life, at his house
called the Charter-house, in the suburbs of London, on Sunday,
December 31st, anno 1564, and was buried in a vault under the
chancel at Catlage, on the south side, which he had caused to
be made for that purpose, where is this memorial on a monument
of black marble :

Serva Fidem,
Edvardum finxit Northum natura beatum,

addidit et Magnas gracia Regis. opes.

providus et sapiens claros suscepit honores,

et tamen in tanto comis honore fuit.

qiue natura dedit, qucs gracia principis auxitr

omnia mors una sustulit atra die*

% Stowe's Survey of London, p. 285.
h I. 13. Offic. Arm. f. 58. a.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 45Q

qui obiit ultimo Decemlris
Anno Domini 1 564.

Hahuit Jilios Rogerum nunc Dominum North, et Thomam,
Jilias vero Christianam et Mariam, quorum altera Willi
Comitis Wigornice uxor, altera Henrico dno Scroop nupta.

" By his picture,1 whereof there is yet a copy k remaining, he
appears to have been a person of a moderate stature, somewhat
inclined to corpulency, and a reddish hair. As to his character-,
it can only appear from what has been said of him j and his let-
ters shew he rather affected the delivery of a full and clear sense,
than any curiosity of style or expression. The bravery of his
mind may be best judged of, by his delight to live in an equipage
rather above than under his condition and degree ; and by his
magnificence in buildings, which were very noble for materials
and workmanship, as may appear by the two houses he set up at
Kirtling1 and Charter-house. His piety, charity, and love of
learning, is evident from his bestowing the parsonage of Burweli
on the University of Cambridge; as also the vicarage of Burwellr
And to Peter-house, the ancientest college of that University, as
a token of his gratitude for what he gathered there in the way of
learning, the parsonage of Ellington. He provided chapels in
6uch houses he built, which shews a desire in him of an assiduity
in the service of God by himself and family ; which care of pro-
viding peculiar places for divine service, within families, was too
much neglected in the following age, as may be witnessed by
many great and stately houses then built. He also built a chapel
for the interment of his posterity, adjoining to the south part of
the chancel in Kirtling church j for, though the main superstition
was expired, yet burials in those days were attended with the
performance of much religious duty."

1 Vita, p. 33, 34, 35.
k There is one at Peter-house (to which he was a considerable benefactor), in
the university of Cambridge, with this d'stich under it :

Nobilis hie vere fuerat, si ncbil's ulius,
Qui sibi principium nobilitatis erat.
Thus in English J

This man was noble, if so any be,
For he begun his own nobility.

See this picture engraved, though badly, in Harding's Biog. Mirror, III. 4.1.

1 It has been lately taken down. See a print of it, with an account, in Top**
graphical Mis(*Uanitsf Lond. X79I> 4*0, No. IV.

460 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

On the inquisition m taken on April 26th, 1565, the jury found
that he died seised of divers manors and lands in the counties of
Middlesex, Surrey, Cambridge, and Suffolk, to all which Sir Ro-
ger North was found to be heir, as his son, and of the age of
thirty-five years j who had issue John North, his son and heir;
and Henry, second son.

His eldest son, the said Sir Roger North, second Lord
North, succeeding him in his honour, had summons11 to parlia-
ment in 8 Eliz. and took his place there accordingly. He had
been ° elected, in 2 and 3 Philip and Mary, one of the Knights
of the shire for the county of Cambridge 5 and having, on Queen
Elizabeth's accession to the throne,? received the honour of
knighthood, was again ^ elected one of the Knights for that
county in her first and second parliaments.1- In 9 Eliz.s he ac-
companied the Earl of Sussex, with the Order of the Garter, to
Maximilian the Emperor, then at Vienna. And in 15 Eliz.1 was
one of the Peers who then sat on the trial of Thomas, Duke of
Norfolk. In 21 Eliz. the Queen honoured him with a visit, at
his seat in Cambridgeshire, where she was entertained (as Hol-
linshed relates)," not in the least behind any of the best for a
frank house, a noble heart, and a well-ordered entertainment.
In 28 Eliz. having accompanied the Earl of Leicester, General
of the forces sent to the assistance of the States, he x was, for his
valour, made a Knight Banneret, and gained reputation in the
wars in the Netherlands. In the engagement before Zutphen,
September 22d, 1586, he behaved with the greatest bravery; as
appears by the Earl of Leicester's letter to Sir Thomas Heneage,
relating the hazardous enterprises of this Lord North ; " who,
though he had before been bruised on the knee with a musket
shot, yet leaving his bed, hastened to the skirmish, one boot on
and the other off, and went to the matter very lustily," saith the
Earl.

His intimacy with that great Peer, is evident from his memo-

m Cole's Esc. Lib. III. p. i2£, not. 6*. a 14. in Bibl. Harley.

n Journal of Pari. ° Notit. Pari, praed. p. 146.

P Cat. of Knights, MS. 9 Notit. Pari, ut antea.

' Strype, in his Annals, H. B. 1. c. 36, records an unjustifiable attempt of

this Peer to wrest some estates of the See of Ely from the good old Bishop Cox,

whose resistance he resented by a vehement persecution.

s Hollinshed, p. 1210.

* Camb. Ann. of Q. Eliz. in Kist. of Eng. Vol. II. p. 437.

« Ibid, p. 1299. x Stowe's Annals, p. 738.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 401

rial on his examination to prove the marriage of the Earl with
the Lady Lettice, Countess of Essex; and, by his will,y he had a
legacy of a bason and ewer of 40 1. value. His deposition being
very memorable, I shall insert it for the satisfaction of the cu-
rious.

" On the 15th of March, 1580, 23 Elizabeth,2 ' Roger North,
Baron of Kirtling, of the age of forty years, saith, That he has
byne very conversant with the Erie of Leicester, by the space of
theis ten or twelve yeares last passed. And that, by reason of
such familiaritie, the said P^rie of Leicester did sondry times, by
manie good and godlie speeches, both acknowledge unto this de-
ponent, and also humbly thank the Lord God for his infinite
mercy and goodness, which he had bestowed and powered upon
him in great measure of his blessing, still devising and studying
how he might walk in those ways that might be most pleasing
to his merciful God. And with all told this deponent, that there
was nothing in this liefe which he moredesyred than to be joyned
in marriage with some godlie gentlewoman, with whom he might
lead his liefe to the glory of God, the comfort of his soule, and
to the faithfull service of her Majesty, for whose sake he had hi-
therto forborne marringe, which long held him doubtfull. Theis
and such like speeches, passed from the said Erie to this exami-
nant ; who, for his part, as he saith, did ever like his godlike
disposition, and ever comforted his lordship therein, and hartned
him thereunto. Whereupon, as he saith, the said Erie did divers
times impart to this deponent the hartie love and affection which
he bare unto the Countess of Essex, w horn he knew to be a most
godlie and virtuous gentlewoman ; adding with all that he greatly
desyred and longed after some yssue of his own boddy, yf so it
pleased God to contynue and hold up his house and name. And
after manie conferences passing between them to this purposea
the said Erie of Leicester brake with this deponent, as he saith
(on a tyme), and tould him plainlie, that he was resolved to marry
and take to wief the Countesse of Essex, which in a short tyme
he performed. For he sayeth, that on a Satterdaie, the 20th of
September, an. Dni. 15/8 (as far as he now remembreth), the
Queen's Majesty then lying at Stovers House in the forrest, the
Erie of Leicester went to his house at Wainsted to bedd, and
tooke this deponent with him. In which night there was also at

y Ex Regist. vocat Leicester in cur. praerog. Cantuar.
a Ex Evident, apud Penshurst.^

462 PEERAGE OF ENGLANb.

Wainsted, the Erles of Warwick and Pembroke, Sir Francis
Knolles, and the Countess of Essex. At which tyme and place
the said Erie of Leicester told this deponent after supper, that he
intended to be married the next morning, by the leave of God,
and therefore prayed this deponent to ryse somewhat by times for
that purpose. Whereupon the dai following beinge Sundaie, this
cxaminant rose early, and came to the said Erie, whom he found
walkinge in a little gallery, looking towards the garden. And,
after ordinary salutation, the Erie of Leicester said to this depo-
nent, that he should presently solemnize, if the Lords and Sir
Francis Knolles were reddy. And thereupon departed from this
cxaminant to fetch them together; and gave this deponent his
double key, praying him to go downe, and to bring up thither,
by the privy waie, Mr. 'i indall, a chaplain of his Lordship's,
which this deponent (r^s he sayeth), did accordinglie, insomuch
as this deponent and Mr. Tindall were in the said gallerv first;
and ymediately after came the Erles of Leicester, Warwick, and
Pembroke, Mr. Treasurer Knolles, and then the Countess of Es-
sex : in which time and place, and in the presence of the persons
aforerecited, Mr. Tindall did marry the aforesaid Erie of Leicester
and Countess of Essex together, by the booke of Common Prayer,
after the due order of the same. And Mr. Treasurer Knolles,
father of the Countess, did give her. And further this deponent
saith, he well remembreth, that, as he looked aside, he saw Mr.
Richard Knolles, brother to the Countess, stand in the door which
came out of the Erie's chamber, with his body half in the gallery,
and half out, who, together with the persons before-mentioned,
both satv and heard the solemnization oi the said marriage. And
other the deponent knows not."

This Roger, second Lord North, was Ambassador Extraordinary
from Queen Elizabeth to Charles IX. King of France, and was
sworn of the privy-council to the Queen; also a constituted Trea-
surer of the household in 3p Eliz. His Lordship married Wini-
frid, daughter of Ptobert Lord Rich (Chancellor of England, and
progenitor to the late Earls of Warwick and Holland), and widow
of Sir Henry Dudley, son to John Duke of Northumberland; and
by her had two sons.

It Sir John, his heir. And,

2. Sir Henry.

And likewise a daughter, Mary, who died unmarried.

t

a Camd. pra?d. p. $95.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 463

His last will bears date bon October 20th, l600, wherein he
bequeathed his body to sepulture in the church of Kirtling, where
he was buried on December 22d following, by Garter King of
Arms, and a monument erected to his memory, with this in-
scription ;

Durum pad.
Rogerus dominus North de Kirtlinge,
Thesaurarius Hospitii Regii, et e Sacris t
Consiliis sub Regina Eli%abetha, uxor em
Duxit Winifridam jiliam Ricardi domini
Rich de Lees in Com. Essex, Summi Anglite
Cancetlarii : ex qua Jilios genuit Johannem, et
Henricum, Milite;, et Jiliam unicam Mariam,
quee decessit innupta.

Diem obik extremum

Anno AEtatis LXXmo

et Anno Domini MDCiXl°.

He died on December 3d, 1(500; and Camden (in his History
of Queen Elizabeth),0 gives this character of him, That he was a
person of great briskness and vivacity, with an head and heart Jit
for service.

Milden-hall Branch.

Sir Henry North, his youngest son, taking early to arms, was
in 23 EJiz. in that expedition to Norembega, under Sir Humphry
Gilbert; and in 23 Eliz. serving with his father in the Low
Country wars, he d had the honour of knighthood conferred on
lum by the Earl of Leicester. He was seated, first, at Wickham-
brooke, and afterwards at Milden- hall? in Suffolk; and departing
this life, November 20th, ]Q20, aged sixty-four, at his house at
Badmondelfield, in Wickhambrooke, was interred in the church
of Milden -hall. f By his wife, Mary, daughter and coheir of Rich-
ard Knevit, Esq. son and heir of Christopher Knevit, younger
son of Sir William Knevit, Knt. he had three sons; viz. Sir
Roger, Henry, and John died an infant; and also three daugh-

b Woodhall, <ju. 16. c FF in Offic. Arm. f. 654.

d Camb. p. 6Z9.
e This ancient mansion, apparently of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, is stll|
Standing. It has very many apartments, and a long gallery, the extent of the
front.

f Hollinsh. p. 13^9.

A64r PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

ters ; Elizabeth, Mary,, and Dorothy. The said Henry, second
son (who dying on November 20th, 1620, aged sixty-four, had
sepulture at Milden-hall), was of Laxfield, in Suffolk, in right of

his wife, Sarah, daughter and heir of Jennor, of Laxfield,

Esq. and had by her two sons ; Henry and Edward.

Sir Roger, the eldest son, was born on February 18th, 1577,
and dying on Jdne 17th, 1051, at his house called Finborow, was
interred at Milden-hall. *He had two wives ; first, Elizabeth,
daughter and coheir of Sir John Gilbert, of Great Finborow, in
Suffolk, Knt. and with whom he had that estate; and, secondly,
Thomasine, daughter to Thomas Clenche, of Holbrooke, in the
county aforesaid. By this last he had no issue; but by the first
(who died on November 29th, 16 12, and was buried at St. Dun-
stan's in the West, London), he was lather of two sons; Sir
Henry, and Dudley North ; and likewise of a daughter, Mary,
married to k Colonel Blagge, Governor of Yarmouth, &c.

Sir Henry, the eldest son, was of Milden-hall, and had the
dignity of Knight Baronet conferred upon him, June 14th, 1660;
he departed this life on August 29th, 1671, aged sixty-two, and
was buried at Milden-hall. By Sarah, his wife, who died July 1st,
.1670 (after being married thirty-nine years), daughter to ■

Rayney, of Tyer's-hall, in Darfield, Yorkshire, Esq. he had Sir
Henry, his successor, who died on July 5th, l6t)5, and was bu-
ried at Milden-hall ; Thomasine, who was the wife of Thomas
Holland, Esq. son and heir of Sir John Holland, of Quiddenham,
in Norfolk, Bart.; and dying on September 28th, lfjfjl, in the
twenty-eighth year of her age, was interred at Milden-hall; and
Dudleia, who was married to Sir Thomas Cullum, of Hawstede,
in Suffolk, Bart. ; and Peregrina, single, in 1670. These daugh-
ters were coheirs to their brother Sir Henry.1

Sir John North (eldest son of Roger, second Lord North),
in 21 Eliz. with other brave young men, transported themselves
into m the Netherlands, to learn the rudiments of military disci-
pline. He was "elected, in 27, 28, and 31 Eliz. one of the
Knights for the county of Cambridge ; and having afterwards

i Ex Epitaphio. k Monument in St. Dunstan's Church.

1 The heiress of this branch married into the Hanmer family ; and Sir Tho-
mas Hanmer, the Speaker, resided at Milden-hall. From the Speaker's sister,
Susan, the estate passed to the Bunbury family; ani the father of the present Sir
Charles Bunbury resided there. See Gent. Mag. Vol. LXVI. p. 542, 543.
m In Hist, praed. p. 460. n Notit. Pari, p. 146.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 46J

received the honour of knighthood, died in the lifetime of his
father, in the wars of the Netherlands, on June 5th, 15Q7. He
married Dorothy, daughter and coheir of Sir Valentine Dale, Doc-
tor of the civil law, and Master of the requests, by whom he had
issue four sons.

1. Dudley, who succeeded to the title of Lord North.

2. John, who was, in November l6l<5, made Knight of the
Bath at the creation of Charles Prince of Wales, and Gentleman
Usher of the privy -chamber.

3. Roger,0 who was a sea commander of note, and engaged in
making new discoveries for the honour of his country.

And, 4. Gilbert.

Also two daughters j Elizabeth, married to William, son and
heir to Sir Jer. Horsey j and Mary, wedded to Sir Francis Co-
ningsby, of South Mymmes, in com. Hertf. Knt.

Dudley, third Lord North, as successor to his grandfather,
married Frances, daughter and coheir of Sir John Brocket, of
Brocket-hall, in com. Hertf. and by her had issue four sons..

1. Dudley, who succeeded him.

2. Charles j and, 3. Robert, who died in his lifetime.
And, 4. John.

Also two daughters; Borothy, married to Richard, Lord Dacre
of the South/ at St. Margaret's, Westminster, January 4th, 1624;
and after his decease, to Chaloner Chute, of the Vine, in Hamp-
shire, Esq.; and Elizabeth, who died unmarried.

He enjoyed the title for a great many years indeed, even from
the time of Elizabeth, till some years after the Restoration. " He
was a person full of spirit and flame, yet after he had con-
sumed the greatest part of his estate in the gallantries of King
James's Court, or rather his son, Prince Henry's, retired, and
lived more honourably in the country, upon what was left^ than
ever he had done before."^ He enjoyed life to the great age of
eighty-five; so as to see his grandchildren almost all grown up,
and Francis North, the second of them, beginning to rise at the
Bar. This young man was rather a favourite with his grand-
father, and spent much of his early vacations with him; for the
old Peer loved to hear him talk of news, philosophy, and passages
in London ; he made him play at backgammon, and fiddle,
whenever he thought fit ; and the course of life altogether was

0 Camden's Annals, p. 654. P Ex Reglst Eccl. S. Marg.

q Roger North's Life of his brother Lord Keeper Guilford, Pref. III.

VOL. IV. 2 H

466 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

not displeasing to a young person ; for here was fishing, billiards,
hunting, visiting, and all country amusements 5 r and as to " sport-
ing on horseback, there was opportunity enough here, where
there was a very large, and well-stocked deer-park; and at least
twice a week, in the season, there was killing oi deer. The me-
thod then was, for the keeper with a large cross-bow and arrow,
to wound the deer, and two or three disciplined park-hounds
pursued, till he dropped. Here were also setting, coursing, bowl-
ing, and the other country sports to divert a large family, and
within-doors, backgammon, as has been mentioned, and cards."8
But his grandfather did not keep him a great while in his favour;
for he had carried into the country with him the dregs of an old
courtier, and was capricious, violent, vindictive, tyrannical, and
unprincipled. There is a portrait of him at Wroxtonj and an-
other of his daughter Dorothy, by Cornelius Janssen, with his
initials, and date 1624 : she was married to Richard Lord Dacre.

The said Dudley, Lord North, was * nominated, in 1645, by
both Houses of Parliament, with the Earls of Northumberland,
Essex, Warwick, and others, to manage the affairs of the Admi-
ralty. He was author of a Miscellany in prose and verse, entitled
ri A Forest promiscuous ," &c. Lond. \65Q. Fol. (See Walp.
R. and N. Auth. I. 231).u He departing this life x on January
l6tb, 1666, being then eighty-five years of age, was buried at
Catlage.

His son and heir, Dudley, fourth Lord North, had a
learned education in the university of Cambridge. He had been
made Knight of the Bath, as early as ]6l6, at the creation of
Charles, Prince of Wales, and had stood as the eldest son of a
Peer, at the state in the House of Lords, at sixty-three, and was
an eminent instance of filial duty to his father, before whom he
would not put on his hat, or sit down, unless enjoined to do it.
He was bred in the best manner; for besides the court, and
choicest company at home, he was sent to travel, and then into
the army, and served as a Captain under Sir Francis Vere. At
length he married Anne, one of the daughters and coheirs of Sir
Charles Montagu. He served his country in several parliaments;
and was misled to sit in that of forty, till he was secluded. After

r Roger North's Life of his brother Lord Keeper Guilford, Pref. JII. p. 16.

s Ibid. p. 29. t Whitlock's Memorials, p. 137.

u See also a long account of him, and extracts from his Forest, in «' Memoirs
•f King James's Peers;" and Park's Edit, of the R. and N. A.
* Ex Inscript. Tumul. ap. Carthage

EARL OF GUILFORD. ' 461

which he lived privately in the country, at Tostock, in Suffolk $
and towards the latter end of his life entertained himself with
justice-business, books, and (as a very numerous issue required);
economy. He put out a little tract on that subject with a pre-
face lightly touching the chief crises of his life. Afterwards he
published a small piece, entitled Passages relating to the Long-
Parliament, with an apologetic, or rather recantation preface.
He wrote also the History of the Life of Lord Edward North, the
£rst Baron. y

His essays are, Light in the Way to Paradise, with other occa-
Clonals, Of Truth, Of Goodness, Of Eternity, of Original Sin j
which shew he was stedfast in his religion, according to the
established church in our nation, and led an exemplary life.2 He
was a Christian speculatively orthodox, and good, regularly cha-
ritable and pious in his family, rigidly just in his dealings, and
exquisitely virtuous and sober in his person. There is a won-
derfully tine portrait of him, in a black dress, with his own
hair, at Wroxton. He outlived his father ten years, and died
in 1677 ; having had the happiness to see a numerous family of
children settled prosperously, and one arriving at the highest
honours.

He had issue by Anne his wife, daughter and coheir to Sir
Charles Montagu, Knt. (a younger brother to Henry, Earl of
Manchester), fourteen children} whereof six sons and four daugh-
ters lived to maturity 5 viz.

1. Charles, his son and heir.

2. Sir Francis North, Knt. Lord Guilford, second son, ancestor
to the Earls of Guilford.

3. Sir Dudley North, a Turkey Merchant, in which country
he lived several years, and made a large fortune, and afterwards
memorable for his city contests on the Tory side. He died on
December 31st, 1691, having married Anne, daughter of Sir Ro-
bert Cann, of the city of-Bristol, Bart, and widow of Sir Robert

Gunning, of Cold-Ashtori, near the said city, by whom he left
issue two sons j Dudley North, of Glemham, in com. Suff. Esq.
who married Catharine, daughter and coheiress of Elihu Yale/

y See Park's R. and N. A.

z Portraits of him and his father may be seen in Adolphus's British Cabinet,
and in Park's R. and N. A.

a The above-mentioned Elihu Yalf, Esq. brought such quantities of goods
from India, that, finding no one house large enough to stow them in, he had a

46s PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Esq. Governor of Fort St. George, by whom he had issue, Dud-
ley, Anne, Mary, and Elihu ; of whom, the survivor, Anne (co-
heiress with her late sister, Mary), married the Hon. Nicholas
Herbert, of Great Glemham, in Suffolk, great uncle to the pre-
sent Earl of Pembroke, and had issue several sons and daughters;
whereof the only survivor, Barbara, married the late Edward
Stratford, eldest son, and afterwards successor, to John Earl of
Aldborough, in the kingdom of Ireland; but died without issue.

John, the fourth son, was Doctor of Divinity, and sometime
Professor, at Cambridge, of the Greek language, of which he was
an eminent master. Hec published, anno l6/3, a Review of
Plato's select dialogues, de Rebus Divinis, in Greek and Latin.
This learned and pious divine was Clerk of the closet to King
Chailes II. Prebendary of Westminster, and died Master of Tri-
nity College, in Cambridge, in 1682, unmarried.d

The fifth son was Montague, who died 2/th of September,
1710, and was buried at Rougham, in Norfolk; he married Mary,
daughter of Sir Robert Gjyer, of Stoke Poges, in Bucks, near
Windsor, Knight of the Bath, by whom he had issue two sons
and five daughters.

Roger, the sixth son, studied in the Middle Temple, and wa*
of Rougham, in Norfolk. He wrote the historical piece, called
Examen; the Life of his brother, Sir Francis, Lord Guilford^ &c.
which shew the author's great erudition, and exquisite know-
ledge of the English constitution 5 as well as talents for amusing

public sale of the overplus, and that was the first auction in England. On hi*
tomb, at Wrexham, in Denbighshire, is the following inscription;

Under this Tomb lyes interr'd Elihu Yale,

of Place-Gronow, Esq. born 5th April,

1648, and dyed the 8th of July, 1721,

aged 73 years.
Born in America, in Europe bred,
In AfFrk travell'd, and in Asia wed,
"Where long he liv'd and tbriv'd, at London dead.
Much Good, Som* 111 he did, so hopes all's even,
And that his soul thro' Mercy's gone to Heav'ft.
You that survive and read take Care
For this most certain Exit to prepare j
For only the actions of the Just
.Smell sweet and blossom in the Dust*

« Wood's Fast. Oxon. Vol. II. p, $$0,
d See a short life of hjm. by bis brothej Roger, as well as an account of his
brother Six Dudley.

}

EARL OF GUILFORD. 46g

biography. These Lives have been reprinted in 1808, 8vo. He
was ancestor to the Norths lately remaining at Rougham.

The four daughters' of the said Dudley, Lord North, were,
Mary, married to Sir William Spring, of Pakenham, in com. Sufi\
Bart. ; Anne, married to Robert Foley, of Stourbridge, in Wor-
cestershire, Esq.} Elizabeth, first, to Sir Robert Wyseman, Knt.
Doctor of the Civil Law, and Dean of the arches, seventh son of
Sir Thomas Wyseman, of Rivenhall, in Essex $ and afterwards to
William, Earl of Yarmouth j and Christian, to Sir George Wen-
yeve, of Brettenham, in com. Suff. Knt. She died 13th April,
1708, and was buried at St. Anne's church, Westminster.

Dudley, Lord North, their father, was buried at Catlage,
where a monument is erected, with this inscription, to his me-
mory :

Hie humatus est Dudleius North

Miles de Balneo, Baro North de

Kirtling, qui duxit uxorem Annam,

Filiam et Coheredem dni Caroli

Montague Equitis Aurati, et ex ea

Suscepit quatuordecem Lib eras, et.

Superstates reliquit novem, scilicet
Sex Jilios, et ires Jilias, Obiit
Vicesimo quarto Junii 1677- Hoe
Marmor superimposuit Vidua
Moerens Uxor.

Anne, his Lady, died in the year 1680, aged sixty-seven, and
was buried by him.

Their eldest son, Charles, fifth Lord North, having mar-
ried Catharine, daughter f to William, Lord Grey of Wark, widow
of Sir Edward Mosely, of the Hough, in com. Pal. Lane, Bart,
was, in the lifetime of his father, by a special writ of summons,
called to parliament, in the 25 of Charles II. by the title of
Lord Grey of Rolleston, in com. Staff. He is not handed
down to us as equally amiable with some of his brothers. Of the
Lord Keeper's rise he is said to have felt a very unbecoming and

e He had a fifth daughter, Catharine, baptized at Clerkenwell, February j8th,
1643-4, See Malcolm's Lond. Rediv. III.

f Aunt of the notorious Ford Lord Grey, Earl of TankerviUe.

470 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

unnatural jealousy. He was buried at Callage, where is this
memorial :

Hie humatus est Bom. Carolus North,*

Baro North, & Grey, de Kir t ling, &

Rolleston, qui duxit Katherinam

jiliam Bom, Gulielmi Grey,

Baronis Grey de Warlt, et ex ea suscepit

Septem Liberos, et Superstites

Reliquit quatuor, scilicet duos

jilios, & duas Jilias. Hoc Marmor

Vidua superimposuit.

Salutis 169O.
jEtatis suce 56.

oliit Anno

His two sons were, William, Lord North and Grey; and
Charles, who died of a calenture in Flanders, during the siege of
Lisle, unmarried. His daughters likewise died unmarried. Dud-
leia, the only surviving sister, emaciated herself with study ; and
having made herself mistress of Greek, Latin, and the Oriental
Languages, died under the infliction of a sedentary distemper,
leaving a choice collection of books in Eastern literature, which
her brother gave to the parochial library of Rougham, in Nor-
folk.

William, fifth Lord North, and Lord. Grey, was born
December 22d, 1(573, and tooks his place in the House of Peers,
January l6th, 1698. In the reign of Queen Anne he was Lord
Lieutenant of the county of Cambridge, Governor of Portsmouth,
Lieutenant-general of her Majesty's forces, and one of her Privy-
council. He served under the Duke of Marlborough, through
the whole course of the war ; and, at the battle of Hockstet, or
Blenheim, August 13th, N. S. 1704, had his right 'hand shot off.
His Lordship married Maria-Margaretta, daughter of Mons. Ell-
meet, Receiver-general to the States of Holland, and the other
provinces, but had no issue by her 5 who remarried Patrick, Lord
Elibank, and retained Catlage as her jointure house, surviving
many years; and, departing this life at Madrid, on October 31st,

f There is a good engraving of him in Vol. III. of Harding's Biogr. Mirror,
done just before his death, by Edward Harding, a rising young artist, who died,
aged twenty, in J 796.

g Journal Dom. Procer.

Ez\RL OF GUILFORD. 471

1734, the title of Lord Grey of Rolleston, became extinct} and
the title of Lord North devolved on Francis, Lord Guilford, son
and heir of Francis, Lord Guilford, son and heir of Francis,
created Lord Guilford, second son of Dudley, fourth Lord North
of Catlage.

Which last Francis, was created Lord Guilford in 1683.
Applying himself to the study of the laws in the Middle -Temple,
he became so eminent for his great learning and knowledge
therein, that King Charles II. conferred the honour of knight-
hood on him,h May 23d, 1671; and on the same day he was
sworn into the office of Solicitor-general to his Majesty. In 1(5/3,
he was constituted Attorney-general ; succeeding Sir Heneage
Finch, on his being made Lord-Keeper. In 1674, at the begin-
ning of Hilary-Term,' his Majesty, in consideration of his faithful
services, appointed him to succeed Sir John Vaughan, late Lord
Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas : Whereupon he ap-
peared in the High Court of Chancery ; and being sworn Serjeant
and performing all formalities belonging to that degree, the Lord
Keeper of the Great Seal came into the Court of Common Pleas,
and declared the King's pleasure to him, in an eloquent speech.
Upon which Sir Francis North, standing in the middle of the bar
of the said court, made his acknowledgments of the Kings great
favour, and returned his humble thanks to his Majesty; and was
immediately conducted from thence, between the two ancient est
Serjeants, into the said court, where the Lord Keeper delivered
unto him his patent of the said office : and after he had taken the
oaths of allegiance and supremacy , and the oath of Chief Justice
of that court, the Lord Keeper put on his square cap; and he took
his seat of Chief Justice, and afterwards entertained the Lord
Keeper, and divers of the Nobility, and all the Judges and Ser-
jeants, at dinner, at Serjeants-Inn in Chancery -lane.

In the year 1679, when his Majesty dissolved his Privy-council,
declaring he would lay aside the use he had hitherto made of a
single Ministry, and his resolution to chuse a new Privy-council,
whose known abilities, interest, and esteem in the nation, should
render them without all suspicion of either mistaking, or betraying
the true interest of the kingdom, the Lord Chief-Justice North fe
was in that Right Honourable list.

Upon the death of the Earl of Nottingham, his Majesty,1 on

h H:st. of Engl. Vol. III. p. 309. * Ibid. p. 329.

* Ibid. p. 363. 1 Wood's Athena: Oxon, p. 540.

472 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

December 20th, 1082, committed the custody of the Great Seal
to him, with the title of Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of Eng-
land; and two days after, his Lordship was sworn at the Council-
board, and took his place as Lord-Keeper. Likewise his Majesty,1"
as a mark of the gracious esteem he had for the great and faithful
Services, which the Right Honourable Sir Francis North, Lord-
Keeper of the Great Seal of England, had rendered the Crown,
created him a Baron of this kingdom, by the name and style of
Lord Guilford, Baron of Guilford, in the county of Surrey, n
by letters patent bearing date September 27 th, 1683.

On the accession of King James to the throne, his Lordship
was continued Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal j and, on his coro-
nation, was one of the Commissioners to determine the ° claims
of such, who, in regard to divers tenures, exhibited their petitions
to perform several services on the coronation-day, by ancient
customs and usages of the realm : in which year his Lordship
departed this life, viz. on v Saturday, September 5th, at his seat
at Wroxton, near Banbury, in Oxfordshire, and * was buried in a
vault under part of the church there, among the ancestors of his
Lady, Frances, second daughter and coheir of Thomas Pope,
Earl r of Down j which Lady died in the year 1(5/8, and was also
buried there.

m Hist, of Engl. p. 407. * Bill, signat. 35 Car. II.

* Hist, of the Coronation, p. 8. P Hist, of Engl. p. 439.

9 Wood's Fasti Oxon, p, 504.

7 Wroxton Priory, founded by Michael Belet early in the reign of Henry III.
for Canons Regular of St. Augustin, after the dissolution, falling into the hands
of Sir Thomas Pope, the founder of Trinity College, Oxford, was given (part of
it at least), to the endowment of that society. But his brother, John Pope, had
a seat at that place at least as early as the reign of Edward VI. } and in 1557, their
mother, who is supposed to have lived with this son here, was buried in this
church.* Their father, William Pope, ofDedington, Gent, died in 1523, and
seerns to have lived in a decent and creditable condition, though undoubtedly his
Son, Sir Thomas (who was born at Dedington in 1508, and died in January
J559)>t w-*s the maker of his own large fortune, and most probably of his bro-
ther John's.

John Pope, of Wroxton, died there 1583. By his first wife, Anne Staveley,

* Warton's Life of Sir T. Pope, p. 4. ?nd 406.
•p His seat was at Tittenhanger, in Hertfordshire, which came after his wife's
death, to her family, the Blounts, who were also descended through the Love?
from Sir Thomas's sister. The present mansion there was built by Sir Henry
Blount, the Traveller, and belongs to the present Eari of Kardwicke, to whom if
came from his mother, who had it by maternal descent from the BJounts,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 473

The following epitome of his Life and Character is taken from
the Topographical Miscellanies, 1791* " He was born about
1640, and being bred to the Bar, after a liberal education at

of Bygnell, in this county, he h?d a daughter married to Edward Blount, of Bur-
ton on Trent, co. Staff, in 1573 (probably nephew of Sir Thomas Pope's wife),
and by his second wife, daughter of Sir John Brockett, of Brockett-hall, in Hert-
fordshire, had three sons, of whom two died young, and six daughters. By his
third wife, daughter of Sir Edmund Wyndham, of Somersetshire, he had no
issue,*

Sir William Pope, his only surviving son, was bom at Wroxton in 1^73, a
student of Gray's Inn 1594; made Knight of the Bath at St. James's 1603;
and a Baronet May 22d, 161 r, being then styled of Wilcote, where he had an
house. In 1629, he was created Baron of Bellturbet, and Earl of Downe, in Ire-
land, and died July 2d, 1631, at Wroxton, in which church he was buried, on
the north side of the altar, under an alabaster monument, of elegant and costly
workmanship, on which are the recumbent figures of himself and wife, large as
life. This monument was made by the famous Nicholas Stone. He built from
the ground the present mansion at Wroxton, which he finished in itfi8 (besides
having built another large seat at Coggs, in this reign). He married in 159.S,
Anne, daughter of Sir Owen Hopton, -j- Lieutenant of the Tower of London, relict

* Warton, ut supr, 409.

•j- His other daughter, Mary, married William fourth Lord Chandoi. The
present Earl of Guilford is descended through the Popes, and Brownlows, from
both these daughters. Sir Owen Hopton, Lieutenant of the Tower, born 1533
(whose seat, I believe, was at Wytham, in Somersetshire, of which county Ar-
thur Hopton, of Wytham, was sheriff, 25 Eliz.) had issue as well as the above
Anne, Countess of Downe, Mary, wife of William, fourth Lord Chandos, and
Sir Arthur Hopton, Knight of the Bath, who, by Rachel, daughter of Edmund
Hall, of Gretford, in Lincolnshire, had Arthur Hopton, his fifth son, born about
3595, at Wytham, who was a learned man, and Author of the Concordance of
Years, and died 16 14. (See Wood's Atli. I. 39$.) I conceive also that his first
son-was Robert Hopton, of Wytham, father of Ralph, created Lord Hopton, of
Stratton, 19 Char. I. who died 1652, without issue, — Dugd, Bar. II. 469.

Jane, Lady Finett, granddaughter of Sir Owen Hopton, was wife of Sir John
Finett, of Soulton, in the parish of Westcliffe, near Dover, in Kenr, Master of
the Ceremonies to Charles I. who was a person of some celebrity. . He was son
and heir of Robert Finett, of Soulton (grandson of John Finett, of Siena, in Italy,
who came into England with Cardinal Campegius, 10 Henry VIII. by the
daughter of Mantell, Maid of Honour to Queen Katharine), which Robert had
issue by Joan, daughter and coheir of John Wenleck, besides Sir John, two
other sons, Richard and Thomas ; and a daughter, Joan, Maid of Honour to the
Q^'een, who married Thomas Foche, of Wootton (who had issue by her, who
died 1 6 16, Thomas Foche, of Wootton, who married Elizabeth Gibbon, of West-
cliffe, and died 1687), Ex M.S. pedigr, penes meipsum.

Sir John Finett was bred in the Court, where, by his wit, innocent mirth, and
great skill in composing songs, he was a. high favourite of James I, • He was

474 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Cambridge, rose by the union of great abilities,, and uncommon
application, through every gradation of practice, 10 the highest
offices of the law, and yet found time to accomplish himself in

of Henry Lord Wentworth,'of Nettlested), and by her bad two sons, and a daugh-
ter, who died unmarried.

' Sir Wiil:am Pope (eldest son), was born at Wroxton 1596, and knighted at
Woodstock 1616. He lived at Coggs, and died in his father's lifetime in 162.4.,
leaving issue by Elizabeth his wife, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Watson, of
Halstead, in Kent. Knt. (who remarried Sir Thomas Pennystone, of Cornwell,
in Oxfordshire, Bart.) three sons, and two daughters. That the two younger
sons, of whom, John was born in 1623, and William, in 1G24-5, both atCoggs,
died without legitimate issue male, is demonstrable, for their elder brother was
succeeded in the honours by his uncle.*

Thomas Pope (the eldest son), who succeeded his grandfather, as second Earl
of Downe, was born at Cogges 1622, and was an active loyalist in the subsequent
troubles; by which he suffered so severely in his estates, as to be obliged to sell
his house at Cogges, and being necessitated to leave the kingdom, took the op-
portunity ctf improving himself by travel. Upon the restoration he returned
home, but survived it but a few months, dying at Oxford, December 28th, 1660,
at the early age of thirty-eight ; leaving by his wife, Lucy, daughter of John
Dutton, Esq. of Sherborne, co. Glouc. (who was buried atCoberley), a daughter
and heir, married to Sir Henry Lee, of Ditchley.

He was succeeded by his uncle, Sir Thomas Pope, who became third Earl of
Downe. He was born at. Wroxton 1598, and was then therefore sixty-two years
old. He had been knighted at Woodstock in 1625, an(* had married in 1636,
Beata, daughter of Sir Henry Poole, of Saperton, in Gloucestershire. He enjoyed
the honours seven years, and dying January nth, 1667, was buried at Wroxton.
He was father of five daughters; Elenor (who died an infant); Anne, Beata,
Frances, and Finetta; and three sons; of whom, the first, Henry, died an infant ;
and the second a student at Oxford; and the eldest son,

Thomas, became fourth Earl of Downe, but enjoyed the honour only a few
months; dying May 18th, 1668, and being buried at Wroxton. Here the male
line and honours of the noble family of Pope ended, and the sisters became
coheirs, f

sent into France in 1614, about public concerns, and the year after, knighted;
in 1626, on the death of Sir Lewis Lewknor, to whom he had been assistant, he
was appointed Master of the ceremonies ; concerning which he was Author of
a curious and scarce book, entitled Fineti Philoxenes, published after his death,
1656, is well as a translation from the French, concerning the beginning, confix
nuance, and decay of estates, 1606. He died July 12th, 1641, aged seventy, and
was buried in the church of St. Martin's in the Fields,- London, near Jane his
wife, daughter (as has been mentioned), of Henry Lord Wentworth, of Nettle-
sted. See Wood's Fasti. I. 270. Warton's Sir T. Pope, 411, 412.

* Yet Mr. Warton inadvertently puts the supposition of one of them being
grandfather of Alexander Pope, the Poet.

f Warton, ut supr. 425,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 47$

all the liberal arts and sciences. He was a master of languages,
skilled in music and painting, and delighted with most parts of
philosophy. At the time of his marriage with Lady Frances Pope
he was Solicitor General. This match was produced by that of
her sister with Mr. Soame, whose seat, at Thurlowe, was about
four miles from his father's at Catlage. For on that event, r* the
grave Countess of Downe, as the custom was, attended the new
married couple to their habitation, and made some stay there,
during which time the visits of joy came in ; and amongst the
rest, the family from Catlage made their appearance j and the
Countess, and her daughters, in due time made their return,
which happened to be when Sir Francis North was there. His
mother laid her eyes upon the eldest unmarried daughter, and
when they were gone, turned about, and said, Upon my life this
Lady would make a good wife for my son Frank. In short, at the
next visit, by the consent of her son, she moved it to the Coun-
tess, who consented that Sir Francis might make his advances.*
Her fortune was then 14,0001. The marriage was concluded,
and there were great feastings and jollities in the neighbourhood.
e( It was a Cavalier country, and the Popes eminent sufferers for
their loyalty in the late wars ; and his Lordship having the like
character, and being known to be an obliging, as well as a flou-
rishing loyalist, there was scarce a family which did not shew aU
respect imaginable to the new married folks, by visits, invitations,
and festival rejoicings. So that it was about three weeks before
Sir Francis could clear himself of these well-intended importuni-
ties."1 But after he had .enjoyed all possible happiness with his
wife for about three years, it was not a little curtailed by the bit-
terness poured into his cup by her sickness, which began about
1674, and at last brought her to her grave. He took a house for
her at Hammersmith, for the advantage of better air, but at

Anne, born 1637, married Sir Edward Boughton, of Lawford, in Warwickshire,
Bart, but died without issue.*

Beata, born 1639, married, 1668, William Soames, Esq. of Thurlowe, in Suf-
folk, who was afterwards created a Baronet, but died without issue. -f-
* Frances, born 1647, married March $th, 1671, Sir Francis North, afterwards
Lord-Keeper,. &c.

Finetta, married, May 4th, 1674, Robert Hyde, Esq. son of Alexander Hyde>
Bishop of Salisbury.

■ Roger North's Life, p. 80. * Ibid. p. 81.

* Kimb. Bar. I. 39$. f Ibid. II. 480.

A76 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

length the distemper proceeded from bad to worse, and he went
down with her to Wroxton ; it was then evident she could not
last for many weeks $ and not long after, during his absence in
London, a blood-vessel broke in a fit of coughing, and carried her
off, November 15th, 16/8, set. 31, leaving three children.1 He
was then Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas (to wiiich he had
been appointed in 1674), and survived her about six years. In
1082,, on the death of Lord Nottingham, he was appointed
Lord Keeper ; and in 1683, created a Peer, by the title of
Baron of Guilford, in Surrey. But uneasiness consumed his
days and nights ; his steady loyalty to the crown (which has
induced a herd of party-writers to blacken his character), yet
his firm disapprobation of the many unprincipled men and mea-
sures of those days, and a surly integrity that unfitted him for
the looseness of the Court, contributed to render his situation
so unhappy, that he told several of his friends he had not enjoyed
one easy and contented minute since he had the Seal." At length
Charles II. died, and affairs became more critical than ever. The
cares of that time, to a man of his integrity, in such a situation,
and the affronts put upon him by designing and ambitious people,
really seemed to have broke his heart.* He fell desperately ill,
and afterwards a little recovered, but grew worse again, and
seemed to have no way left, but to repair to Wroxton, and drink
the waters of the neighbouring wells of Astrop, which it was
hoped would cleanse his blood, and restore his decayed spirits. 60
the Lord-Keeper, with the great Seal, and all his officers, removed
thither ; and the house was filled also with his own family, who
loved and respected him. The gentlemen of the county were
very humane and obliging, for they all came and dined with him,
and with deference to his ease invited him j but he could go no
where. Every kind of amusement was attempted to divert his
mind. " Our course was in the morning (says his brother, Ro-
ger North), to attend his Lordship in his chamber with merry
entertainment, while he was drinking the waters, and then being
up, we that took the post of being his architects, fell to measur-
ing, mapping, and debating about our projects concerning his
gardens, buildings, and plantations. It was very observable, that
our proceedings discovered plainly when his Lordship thought
well of himself, and when not, for, if he was in good heart, and

\ Roger North's Life, p. 13. u Roger North, ut jsupr. p. 193,

* Ibid, p, ;6i.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 477

thought he might recover, then he' observed us narrowly, and
would put in his oar, and like or dislike, joining very much in
altercation among us, as if he were a party concerned. But if he
thought he could not get off, then he left us to ourselves, and
made no inquiry, or question at all upon what we were doin°-,
and scarce would give attention, when we shewed him our
draughts. I remember 1 had laid out the plantation of his avenue,
which was a wretched position; for the entrance was at one cor-
ner, and not in the straight. I had shaped a demi-lune before
the court-gate, and at the further end a whole sweep, with rows
detached from that to the entrance. He put out the whole sweep,
and ordered the rows of trees to be refracted that way. At which
I was very angry ; and declared, that no architect was ever s,o
used as I was. This pleased him much; and he very often made
a jest to his company of this rant of his architect. These were
harmless amusements, and beneficial to him as much as any thino*
might be. — Thus the heavy time, day after day, was got off.
Oh ! what a difference between his own family, friends, and re-
lations, and the Court !"

After dinner the coaches were usually got ready, and he used
to go, with his nearest relations, to Edgehill (whence there is a
glorious prospect), to take the air ; but he seldom seemed to enjoy
it much.y

There were chaplains in the house, and constant prayers in a
small chapel, morning and evening, for the family, as ought to
be in every great man's house ; and after he was confined to his
room, service was performed in his chamber,8 and at length he
received the sacrament, being not likely to live many hours. z —
Death approached, and he began to agonize ; and then, after
some stiuggles, laid himself down with patience and resignation
for good and all, and expired in September l6S5.z

It had been usual for writs to bear Test where the Lord Keeper
resided; but his Lordship thinking it a mere vanity, would suffer
none to bear Test apud Wroxton,

But for a full character of the many virtues of this great man,
I must refer to the ample and excellent life, written by his bro-
ther, Roger North, from which I have borrowed so much of this
account."

His Lordship had issue, by Lady Frances Pope, three sons.
1, Francis, his successor.

X Roger North, ut supr. p. 366. * Ibid, pt »67— 261.

478 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

2. Charles, who served in several Parliaments for Banbury, and
died unmarried.

And, 3. Pope, who died an infant.

Also two daughters 5 Anne, who died unmarried 5 and Frances>
wj^o died an infant.

His eldest son Francis, who now became second Lord Guil-
ford, was at this time about ten years old, being born December
14th, 1673 ; and his guardianship, as well as that of the other
children, was committed to the care of the uncles, who had
also the trust of the estates, which were those of the Popes, some
that the late Lord had purchased in Essex, and in money about
30,0001. to be laid out in land.a Their uncles (Sir Dudley and
Roger), during the time their nephew was abroad on his travels,
sometimes spent their summers at Wroxton. Here their jway of
life was singular j they entertained themselves with all sorts of
tnanual exercises : they formed a laboratory, in which they worked
of mornings, and made themselves as black as tinkers j and of
afternoons, as the cleaner exercise, became carpenters, turners^
planners, and measurers. Roger had been in full practice at the
Bar, and Sir Dudley had undergone a variety of scenes as a rich
and successful merchant in Turkey. u Yet (says Roger of the
other), here for many afternoons together he hath sat, perhaps,
scraping a stick, or turning a piece of wood, all the while singing
like a cobler, incomparably better pleased than he had been in all
the stages of his life before. And it is a mortifying speculation,
that of the different characters of this man's enjoyments, separated
one from the other, and exposed to an indifferent choice, there is
scarce any one, but this I have here described, worth taking up.
And yet the slavery of our nature is such, that this must be de-
spised, and all the rest, with the attendant evils of vexations,
disappointments, dangers, loss of health, disgraces, envy, and
what not of torment, be admitted. It was well said of the philo-
sopher to Pyrrhus : What follows after all your victories. To sit
down, and make merry. And cannot you do so now?"

His Lordship had his education \f\ Trinity- College, in Oxford,b
and was created Master of Arts, on December 11th, 169O. On
November0 30th, 1694, his Lordship took his place in the House
of Peers 5 and on February 25th, 1 694-5, married Elizabeth, third
daughter of Fulk Grevil, Lord Brook, who died in child-bed in

a Roger North's Life of Sir Dudley North, p. 182.
b Wood's Fasti Oxon. p. 904. c Journal Dom. Proceer.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 479

November 1699, and was buried the 18th of the same month;
leaving no issue surviving her.

His Lordship had for his second Lady, Alice, second daughter
and coheir of Sir John Brownlow, of Belton, in the county of
Lincoln, Bart, (by the coheir of George Brydges, Lord Chandos),
by whom he had issue three sons; viz.

1. Francis, first Earl of Guilford.

2. Brownlow. And, 3. Peregrine, who died infants.
And a daughter, Alice, who died unmarried..

In 1702, his Lordship was constituted Lord Lieutenant of the
county of Essex, and town of Colchester, and Custos Rotulorum
thereof ; and on July 7th, 1712, one of the Lords Commissioners
for Trade and the Plantations. Also, in July, I714,d was consti-
tuted First Lord Commissioner for Trade and the Plantations ;
and was one of her Majesty's most Honourable Privy-council,
and departing this life on October 17th, 1729, was buried at
Wroxton.

Francis, first Earl of Guilford, and seventh Lord
North, born on April 13th, 1704, was chosen a member for the
borough of Banbury, in the county of Oxford, in the first Parlia-
ment called by George II. and, after succeeding his father, was,
in October, 1730, appointed one of the Gentlemen of the Bed-
chamber to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales.

On October 31st, 1734, he succeeded to the title of Lord
North, by the death of William, Lord North and Grey, whose
heir he was. His Lordship, on June 17th, 1750, being then one
of the Lords of the Bed-chamber to his Royal Highness Frederick
Prince of Wales, stood proxy at the baptism of his Royal High-
ness's fifth son, Prince Frederick- William, for his Serene High-
ness Prince William of Saxe-Gotha j and was that year appointed
Governor to the present King. At the funeral procession of the
aforesaid Frederick, Prince of Wales, on April 13th, 1751, his
Lordship attended as one of the Lords of his Bed-chamber: and,
in consideration of his Lordship's eminent services, and the nobi-
lity of his descent, his late Majesty was pleased to advance him
to the dignity of an Earl of Great Britain, by the style and title
of e Earl of Guilford, by letters patent bearing date April 8th,
1752, and, on December 29th, 1773, his Lordship was appointed
Treasurer and Receiver General to her Majesty. He was also

* Pointers Chron. Hist. p. 484. e Pat. 25 George II,

480 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

High Steward of Banbury, and one of the Vice Presidents of St.
George's Hospital.

His Lordship died at a very advanced age, August 4th, 179O.

His Lordship married, on June l(5th, 172S, Lady Lucy, daugh-
ter of George Montagu, late Earl of Halifax, by whom he had
issue one son,

Frederick, second Earl ; and a daughter, Lucy, who died an
infant, and was buried at Wroxton.

Her Ladyship departing this life on May 7th, 1734, was buried
at Wroxton.

In January 1735-6, he married, secondly, Elizabeth, relict of
George Lord Viscount Lewisham, eldest son of William, Earl of
Dartmouth, and only daughter of Sir Arthur Kaye, of VVoodsome,
in the county of York, Bart. And by her Ladyship (who died
on Aprji 21st, 17-15), had issue,

Lady Louisa, born March 13th, 1737* and married, on October
8th, 1761, to John Peyto, the present Lord Willoughby de Broke.
She died February 2d, 1798.

Frances and Charlotte, both deceased.

Augustus-Francis, who died June 24th, 17-45, and was buried
at Wroxton.

Brownlow, born in July, 1741, who having entered into holy
orders, was made Canon of Christ Church; on October 27th,
3 770, promoted to the deanery of Canterbury; was elected Bi-
shop of Litchfield and Coventry in June 1771, and translated to
the see of Worcester in December 1774; made Bishop of Win-
chester in September 1/81. He married, January 17th, 1771,

Henrietta, daughter of Banister, Esq. and by her, who

died November 19th, l/()6, he has issue, 1. Henrietta, born
November 20th, baptized December 18th, 1 7/1, married June
8th, 1797, the Rev. William Gamier, A.M. Prebendary of Win-
chester, 2. Francis, born December 17th, 1772, baptized Ja-
nuary 15th, 1773, married Hesther, daughter of the Rev. John
Harrison, of Bighton, Hants. 3. Louisa Anne, born March
30th, baptized April 25th, 1 774, married August 12th, 1802,
the Hon. and Rev. Thomas De Grey, son of Lord Walsingham,
and has issue. 4. Lucy, born April 25th, baptized May 3d,
1775. 5. Elizabeth, born October 2fjth, baptized November

20th, 1776. 6. Brownlow, born 1778. And, 7. Charles,

born in 1785.
His Lordship married, thirdly, on June 13th, 1751, Anne,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 481

retict of Lewis Watson, Earl of Rockingham, and daughter and
coheir of Sir Robert Furnese, Bart, of Waldershare, in Kent/
Her Ladyship died without issue December 17/6, and was buried
at Wroxton.

His Lordship's eldest son, Frederick, second Earl op Guil-
ford, better known as Lord North, wras returned Member for
Banbury, at the general elections in 1754 and 1/6], 1768 and
J 774, 1/SO and 1784. His Lordship, on June 2d, 1759, was
declared one of the Commissioners of the Treasury ; on August
1/66, his Lordship was appointed Joint-Receiver and Pay-Master
of the Forces; was sworn of the Privy-council, December 3d*
1766; on December 1st, 1767, was appointed Chancellor of the
Exchequer, and a Lord of the Treasury; on January 28th, 1770,
was constituted first Lord Commissioner of the Treasury;
on June ]4tb, 1771, w'as appointed Ranger and Warden of
Busbey Park; was unanimously chosen Chancellor of the univer-
sity of Oxford, October 3d, 1772, and elected Fellow of the An-
tiquarian Society, February 29th, 1776; at a Chapter of the Gar-
ter held at St. James's, June 1 8th, 1772, his Lordship was elected
one of the Knights of that most noble Order.

His Lordship was likewise Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotu-
lorum of the county of Somerset, Recorder of Gloucester and
Taunton, one of the Elder Brethren of the Trinity house, Presi-
dent of the Foundling Hospital and the Asylum, and Governor of
the Turkey Company and Charter-house.

" Lord North (says Adolphus), commenced his education at
Eton, and completed it at Oxford, with considerable reputation
for his proficiency in classical literature. His elegant taste as a
scholar was eminent through a life fully occupied with the most
momentous public concerns. On his travels, he applied with
much assiduity to the acquisition of diplomatic knowledge, and
studied with great success the Germanic constitution, under the
celebrated Mascove. He commenced his parliamentary career in
J 754; and during Mr. Pitt's administration in 1759, obtained a
seat at the Treasury Board. He was removed by the Rockingham
ministry in 17^5; but with Lord Chatham came again into office
as Joint-Paymaster of the forces. His talents, erudition, and ex-
perience, eminently qualified him for the important situation he
was now called upon to fill. His abilities for debate were uni-
versally acknowledged, and had been advantageously displayed in

f By her he acquired the noble seat of Waldershare, near Dover, and a large
surrounding estate of upwards of 5000 1. a year.
VOL. JV. • 2 1

482 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the motions against Wilkes,, and in the discussions on India
affairs."s

In March 1782, his Lordship resigned the reins of Govern-
ment, which he had held for twelve years.

H Such (adds Adolphus) was the close of the first permanent
administration formed during the reign of George III. From the
prime minister the acts of government took their character; and
in speaking of him, his most inveterate opponents never accused
his warmest friends of exaggeration. Of his character and attain-
ments when he was raised to the office of Chancellor of the Ex*
chequer, mention has already been made 5 and what remains for
history to record, has been in a great degree anticipated. His
eloquence was less distinguished by peculiar splendour of diction,
than by suavity, perspicuity, and arrangement. The impression
of his harangues was aided by an extraordinary degree of candour,
and ingenuous confidence; which were known to be unassumed,
and convinced the hearers of the purity of his motives, even though
they did not assent to the propriety of his measures. His temper
was seldom ruffled; and though reiterated attacks sometimes ex-
torted a sarcastic sally, his wit, of which he possessed an uncom-
mon fecundity, never left on the minds, even of those whom he
overwhelmed with ridicule, a sentiment of rancour. His honour
was unblemished, his integrity unquestionable ; and in a long and
stormy, and, at length, an unfortunate administration, he had many
political opponents, almost without a personal enemy. These
estimable qualities were supposed to be counterbalanced by too
great a facility in adopting the suggestions of others; and the
absence of that strictness, or severity, which is often necessary to
enforce or insure exertion, gave the appearance of procrastination,
and a want of energy seemed to pervade the other departments of
administration. h"

In the following year, the celebrated coalition between his
Lordship, and his former virulent opponent, Mr. Charles Fox,
took place; and brought an odium upon both, which they never
entirely recovered. By their united strength they soon drove
Lord Shelburne from the helm ;- and forced themselves once more
into office. On April 20th, 1783, the Duke of Portland was de-
clared First Lord of the Treasury; and Lord North, in conjunc-
tion with Mr. Fox, was contented to take the Seals of Secretary of

Z Ado'phus's George III. I. 326.
J> Adolphys's Reign of George III. Vol. III. p. 473,

EARL OF GUILFORD. 483

State. It was only till the 1 8th of December that they held their
power; when Fox's East India Bill, opposed by the mighty elo-
quence of Pitt, produced their dismissal.

From this period this amiable minister returned no more to
power; and took no very active part in politics. In 1700 he
succeeded his father in the Earldom ; but survived him only two
years: having latterly lost his sight ; and passed his last days in
the calmness and endearments of domestic privacy, to which his
ehearful and benign temper was particularly adapted.

Dr. Bisset views his administration in the same light as Adol-
phus.

(i Thus ended (says Dr. Bisset) the administration of Lord
North, of which the greater part teemed with calamitous events,
beyond any of the same duration to be found in the annals of
British history. A war with so great, productive, and important
part of our community, lost thirteen flourishing and powerful co-
lonies, the promoters of private and public wealth, and the nou-
rishers of national force. Hostilities, whencesoever they arose,
not only subtracted from us such constituents of strength, but
added them to our inveterate enemies. Year after year, our blood
and treasure were expended to no purpose : myriads of men were
killed; hundreds of millions were lavished without obtaining any
valuable object. Temporary gleams of partial success were fol-
lowed by the permanent gloom of general disaster. Were we to
judge from result solely, and to draw a conclusion from the broad
principle, that an uniform series of miscarriages, in the natural
course of human affairs, implies a great portion of misconduct,
our estimate of this administration might be easily formed; but
general rules, applied to the appreciation of conduct, often require
to be nicely modified according to the circumstances. I trust it
has appeared to the impartial reader, that the chief minister pos-
sessed very considerable talents and fair intentions, though min-
gled with defects, and acting in such emergencies as precluded
beneficial exertions and consequences. But however erroneous
and hurtful the series of measures was during this administration,
far is the blame from being confined to ministers. It indeed be-
longs chiefly to parliament, which by its approbation sanctioned
their acts, and to the people themselves, of whom the greater
part was eager for commencing and continuing the war. When
the nation censures his burdensome and disastrous war/ they must
remember that it originated in themselves."

I Bisset's George III. Vol. III. p. 331.

484 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

The following compliment by the elegant pen of Gibbon, is in
the Preface to his seventh volume, Svo. of the Decline and Fall of
the Roman Empire: " Were I ambitious (says he), of any other
patron than the public, I would inscribe this work to a statesman,
who, in a long, a stormy, and at length an unfortunate admini-
stration, had many political opponents, almost without a personal
enemy j who has retained, in his fall from power, many faithful
and disinterested friends j and who, under the pressure of severe
infirmity, enjoys the lively vigour of his mind, and the felicity of
his incomparable temper. Lord North will permit me to express
the feelings of friendship in the language of truth : but even truth
and friendship should be silent, if he still dispensed the favours of
the crown."

This amiable minister has also had the happiness to be thus re-
corded in the beautiful language of his great opponent, Burke
himself. ** He was a man of admirable parts j of general know-
ledge; of a versatile understanding fitted for every sort of busi-
ness; of infinite wit and pleasantry 3 of a delightful temper, and
with a mind most disinterested. But it would be only to degrade
myself by a weak adulation, and not to honour the memory of a
great man, to deny that he wanted something of the vigilance and
spirit of command that the time required. "k

His Lordship died August 5th, 1/92.

On March 10, 1/50, his Lordship was married to Anne, daugh-
ter and coheir of George Speke, of White Lackington, in the
county of Somerset, Esq. by whom he had issue.

1. George-Augustus, the third Earl.

2. Francis, the present Earl.

. 3. Catharine- Anne, born February ]6th, 176O3 married Sep-
tember 27th, 1789, to the Right Hon. Sylvester Douglas, Lord
Glenbervie.

4. Anne, born January 8th, 1764; married January 22d, 1 798,
John, Lord Sheffield.

5. Frederick, born February 7th, 1766, late Governor of the
island of Ceylon.

6*. Charlotte, born December 177°} married, April 1800, the
Hon. Lieutenant-colonel John Lindsay, brother to Alexander Earl
of Balcarras.

7. Dudley, born May 31st, 1777, died June 18th, 1779.

\His Lordship was succeeded by his son, George-Augustus,

k Letter to a tjlobl* Lord on the Duke of Bedford's Attack.

EARL OF GUILFORD. 485

the third Earl, born September 11th, 1757j married, Septem-
ber 30th, 1785, Maria, daughter of George, third Earl of Buck-
inghamshire, by whom (who died April 23d, 1794), he had

Lady Maria,1 born December 26th, 1703.

The Earl married, secondly, Susan, daughter of Thomas Coutts*
Esq. and sister to the Marchioness of Bute, and Lady Burdett,
and has issue,

Lady Susan ! and Lady Georgiana.1 *

Dying April 20th, 1802, he was succeeded by his brother,

Francis, fourth Earl of Guilford.

His Lordship was born December 25th, 1761, and is a Lieute*
nant-colonel in the army; High Steward of Banbury 5 and Patent
Comptroller of the Customs.

Titles. Francis North, Earl of Guilford, Lord North and
Guilford.

Creations. Baron of Guilford, by letters-patent, September
27th, 1683, 35 Car. jl.j and Earl of Guilford, by letters-patent,
April 8th, 1752, 25 George II.

Arms. Azure, a lion passant, Or, between three Fleurs-de-lis,
Argent.

Crest. On a wreath, a dragon's head erased, Sable, ducally
gorged and chained, Or.

Supporters. Two dragons, Sable, ducally gorged and chained,
Or.

Motto. Animo et Fide.'

Chief Seat. At Wroxton-Abbey, in the county of Oxford (the
old seat at Catlage, in Cambridgeshire; being pulled down) ; and
at Waldershare, in Kent,

1 Between these daughters the Barony of North, being a barony in fee, is in
abeyance. t

436 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

YORKE EARL OF HARDWICKE.

It is well known, that this family, now flourishing in honours
and estates, owe their elevation to the great talents and integrity
of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke, one of the most illustrious orna-
ments that ever sat on the bench of British Justice. His owri
merit justly stands in the place of an host of ancestors. It has
hitherto therefore been deemed sufficient to begin the pedigree
with this great man. But it seems something like defrauding the
dead of their rights, to withhold from them the honour of hav-
ing produced so eminent a descendant. This false delicacy has
had a different effect from that which was intended. It has
seemed to sanction silly rumours, which perhaps it was designed
to suppress by a contemptuous silence. The family of this cele-
brated nobleman, if of no particular lustre, either from titles or
estates, was neither mean, insignificant in point of property, nor
unrespectable in alliances. From them therefore, if he borrowed
no splendour, from them he derived no disgrace.

Simon Yorke, a of Dover, in Kent, merchant, who had a good
landed property, died February 3d, 1682, aged seventy-six years,
and was buried in the church of St. James, Dover.b By Alice
his wife, he had five sons, and one daughter. One of these sons
was the father of Simon Yorke, Esq. who settled at Erthig, in
Denbighshire; and dying July 28th, 1767, left issue the late
Philip Yorke, of Erthig, Esq. F.A. S. a man not unknown to

* He is said to have been born at Calne, in Wiltshire, in 1606, and supposed
to have come from the North of England j and to have been a branch of the
Varices of Richmond, in Yorkshire.

» Gent. Mag. Vol. L1X. p. 7o«.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 487

literature, who died February 19th, 1804, aet. 61, having married
July 2d, 1770, Elizabeth, sister to the late Lord Brownlow, by
whom he had issue Simon Yorke, late M. P. for Grantham, &c.

Philip Yorke, one of the sons of Simon, was born about 1651,
and practised the law with good reputation at Dover. He mar-
ried a lady of a family of ancient extraction in that county, and
at that time well allied, and of very considerable property. This
was Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Richard Gibbon, of Dover/
Gent, who died August 2d, 1679, aged fifty-two. She was wi-
dow of her cousin, Edward Gibbon, Esq.d eldest son (by the
second wife), of Thomas Gibbon, Esq. of Westcliffe, near Dover.
She survived till October 17th, 1727, aet. 69, leaving issue by
him, who died June 18th, 1721, set. 70, one son and two daugh-
ters -, viz.

1. Philip.

2. wife of the Rev. Mr. Billingsly.

3. Mary, wife of Charles Valence Jones, Esq. She died Oc-

c His wife was Deborah Stratfold, who survived till July 2d, 17 19, aged
eighty-©ne j so that she lived to see her grandson rising into fame, he having
been appointed Solicitor General on the 29th of March following. It cannot be
exactly ascertained in what degree of relationship this Richard Gibbon stood to
the Gibbons of Westcliffe, with which family his daughter first married 5 though
it is known in that family that they were nearly allied. Probably Richard was a
son, either of Matthew Gibbon, the elder, or Matthew Gibbon, the younger, of
Soulton, in Westcliffe. The Lord Chancellor always quartered the Gibbon arms ;
as may be seen in the Middle Temple Hall, and under his prints.

d She had been second wife of Edward Gibbon, whose first wife was Martha,
daughter of Sir John Roberts, Knt. by whom he had Jane, wife of John Brydges
of Wootton, Esq. Barrister at Law. Mrs. Yorke had by her first husband a son,
who dieth a youth. As from this family of Gibbon descended another peison,
whose talents and literature have rendered his name conspicuous over all the po-
lished nations of Europe, it may be proper to mention a few genealogical particu-
lars of them. Thomas Gibbon, of Westcliffe, near Dover, Esq. born 1^90, was
grandson of another Thomas, who purchased the manor of Westcliffe of Thomas
Lord Borough, early in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and died in 1596. Tho-
mas, the grandson, was buried at Westcliffe, November 19th, 1671, at the age
of eighty-one. He had three wives ; Alice, the second, was sister to Dame Jane
Maynard, wife of the celebrated lawyer, Sir John Maynard, who afterwards, at
the Revolution, was appointed one of the Lords Commissioners of the Great SeaJ.
Matthew Gibbon, born 1642, one of the younger sons by this second wife, was
father of Edward Gibbon, Esq. a South-Sea Director, &c. who died 1736, leaving
issue Edward Gibbon, of Buriton, in Hants, Esq. who died November 10th,
1770, set. 64, leaving an only son, the late celebrated Edward Gibbon, Esq. the
Historian of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, who died January t6th,
I7S>4- -

488 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

tober 6th, I /62, act. 6J 5 having had issue by him, who died Jul/
1st, 1727, set. 38, one son, and two daughters.

Philip Yorke, the son, first Earl op Haedwicke, was
born at Dover, December 1st, 16QO. Having received a well-
grounded education in classical learning, in which he is reported
to have attained great skill, and to have retained his tastec through
his laborious, and fully-occupied life, he was early designed for
the profession of the Bar, which was deemed not inconsistent
with the competent landed estate to which he was heir.f For this
purpose he was first put under the instruction of an eminent Con-
veyancer of the name of Salkeld; and at the same time was en-
tered of the Middle Temple.* Here he applied himself with such
assiduity and success to the studies of his profession, that he was
called very young to the Bar ; rose immediately into practice,
and at the early age of twenty-nine years, attained the office of
Solicitor General.

He served in three parliaments whilst a Commoner: first, for
the borough of Lewes, in Sussex, in April 1 7 1 9 ; and in the two
succeeding Parliaments for Seaford. On March 23d, 1719-20,
he was appointed Solicitor-General ; and on June 13th, 1720, re-
ceived the honour of knighthood.

On January 31st, 1/23-4, he was constituted Attorney- Gene-
ral, in which office he was continued by his late Majesty, till
October 31st, 1733, on which day he took upon him the degree
of a Serjeant at Law; and by writ patent, under the great seal,
bearing teste the same day, his Majesty was pleased to constitute
him Lord Chief- Justice of the Court of Kings- Bench, and to
create him a Baron of Great Britain, as beforementioned, by let-
ters patent, dated, at Westminster, November 23d following, by
the title of Lord, Hardwicke.

In that year he was chosen a Governor of the Charter-House.

On February 21st, 1736-7, his Majesty, in council, delivered
the Great Seal to his Lordship, whereupon the oath of Lord

c The following exquisite epigram is by tradition ascribed to him, as written
to accompany the gift of an hare.

" Mitto tibi leporem ; gratos mihi mitte lepores.
SJ mea commendat muriera ; vestra sales."
f The present Earl still retains two large farms in the neighbourhood of Dover,
which were derived from the Chancellors ancestors.

£ It is a family tradition, that the conduct of his progress to the Bar was un-
der the care and advice of Mr. John Brydges, of Gray's Inn, who had married his
n„ear relation, Jane Gilbon.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 4$Q

High Chancellor of Great Britain was, by his Majesty's com-
mand, administered to him, and his Lordship took his place at
the board accordingly.

On May 12th, 1740, he was nominated one of the Lords Jus-
tices for the administration of the government during his Majesty's
absence i also on April 21st, 1743} and in 1/45. In 1746, he
was appointed Lord High-Steward of England, for the trials of
the Earls of Kilmarnock and Croraartie, and Lord Balmerino ;
and in 1 747, for the trial of Lord Lovat. In 1 748, he was again
one of the Lords Justices; and on July 31st, 1749, unanimously-
chosen High-Steward of the university of Cambridge, on the re-
signation of the Duke of Newcastle, who was elected Chancellor?
and the year after was again one of the Lords Justices. Also on
March 30th, 1752, his Lordship was appointed one of the Lords
Justices for the administration of the government whilst the King
visited his German dominions. And his Majesty, taking into
consideration his long and eminent services, was pleased to ad-
vance him to the titles of h Viscount Royston, and Earl of
Hardwicke, by letters-patent, bearing date April 2d, 1754.

His Lordship departed this life, in the seventy-fourth year of
his age, at his house in Grosvenor-square, London, on Tuesday,
March 6th, 1764, at a quarter after three in the afternoon; and,
on the 25th of that month, his corpse was buried, near that of his
Countess, at W.impole, in Cambridgeshire. On the day after his
death, there appeared an account of his Lordship's offices and
promotions (already taken notice of), with this character:1 ' The
reputation with which he filled that seat of judicature [the King's
Bench], could only be equalled by that with which he afterwards
discharged the office of Lord High-Chancellor, when called to it
on the decease of Lord Talbot, in February, 1 736-7 ' and it is no
small evidence of the acknowledged abilities and integrity, with
which he presided in the Court of Chancery, that, during the
space of near twenty years, in which he sat there, a period longer
than that of any of his predecessors, since Lord Chancellor Eger-
ton, only three of his decrees were appealed from, and those after-
wards confirmed by the House of Lords. His resignation of the
Great Seal, in November, 1756, gave an universal concern to the
nation, however divided at that time in other respects; but he
still continued to serve the public in a more private station, with
an unimpaired vigour of mind, which he enjoyed under a long
and severe indisposition,- till his latest moments.

h Bill. Signat. 27 George II. i Public Advertiser, No. $►!$$.

490 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND

' His talents as a speaker in the senate, as well as oti the"
bench, have left too strong an impression to need being dilated
upon j and those, as a writer, were such as might be expected
from one, who had early distinguished himself in that character
in The Spectator. His private virtues, amiableness 6f manners;
and extent and variety of knowledge, were as much esteemed and
admired, by those who had the honour and happiness of his ac-
quaintance, as his superior abilities were by the nation in general.
In his public character, wisdom, experience, probity, temper;
candour, and moderation, were so happily united, that his death,
in the then situation of affairs, was reckoned a loss to his country
as unseasonable as important.*

His Lordship, at the time of his decease, besides being a Privy-
counsellor, was High Steward of the university of Cambridge,
Fellow of the Royal Society, Doctor of Laws, one of the Trustees
of the British Museum, one of the Governors of the Charter-
house, second Vice-president of St. George's Hospital, and Re-
corder of Dover, the place of his nativity.

(< This great lawyer (says Coxe), who sat so long, and with so
distinguished a character for integrity and knowledge, at the
head of the law, had raised himself solely by his eminent talents.
— The style of his eloquence was more adapted to the House of
Lords, than the House of Commons. The tone of his voice was
pleasing and melodious j his manner was placid and dignified. —
Precision o,f arrangement, closeness of argument, fluency of ex-
pression, elegance of diction, great knowledge of the subject on
which he spoke, were his particular characteristics. He seldom
rose into great animation j his chief aim was more to convince
than amuse j to appeal to the judgment, rather than the feelings
of his auditors, tie possessed a perfect command over himself j
and his even temper was never ruffled by petulant opposition, or
malignant invective."

His Lordship married Margaret,k one of the daughters of Charles
Cocks, of the city of Worcester, Esq. and Mary his wife, eldest
sister of John, Lord Somers, Lord High Chancellor of England
in the reign of King William III. and by her Ladyship, who died
on September 19th, 1761, had issue five sons, and two daugh-
ters.

1. Philip, second Earl of Hardwicke.

2. Charles, of Lincolris-Inn; a man of almost equal eminence

k She was then a wido.v. See Nash's Worcestershire.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 4gi

with his father, whose steps he followed in attaining the highest
honours of his profession ; but of him hereafter, as father to the
present Earl.

3. Sir Joseph, Lord Dover, who was Captain of a company in
the first regiment of foot guards, with the rank of Lieutenant-
Colonel, and Aid de Camp to his Royal Highness the Duke, at
the battle of Fontenoy, May 1 1th, 1/45, N.S. On March ISth,
1755, he was appointed Colonel of the 9th regiment of foot, and
afterwards Colonel of the 5th, or Royal Irish regiment of dragoons.
On January 18th, 1758, he was appointed a Major-General j on
December 11th, 1/60, was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-
General; and on August 29th, 1777, to that of General. He
accompanied the late Earl of Albemarle as Secretary of embassy,
when his Lordship went in 1749, Ambassador Extraordinary to
the Court of France; and, being Aid de Camp to his late Ma-
jesty, he was in September, 1751, nominated Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to the States- General; in which character he resided
generally at the Hague, until the present King was pleased, on
August 4th, 1761, to constitute him Ambassador Extraordinary
and Plenipotentiary to the same republic; having been, on April
24th3 that year, appointed one of the three Ministers Plenipoten-
tiary, on the part of his Britannic Majesty, to the intended Con-
gress at Augsburg, for a general pacification. On April 11th,
1761, he was elected a Knight Companion of the most honour-
able Order of the Bath, and installed on May 26th following ;
sworn of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy-council on June,
1768. He served in the I Oth and 11th Parliaments of Great Bri-
tain, for East Grinsted; and as one of the Barons for the town
and port of Dover, and in 1774, represented the borough of
Grampound, in Cornwall. He was afterwards a Knight of the
Bath, General, and finally Field-marshal in the army, Colonel of
the first regiment of life guards. He continued Envoy Extraor-
dinary and Ambassador at the Hague, from November 1751, to
to December 25th, 1780. He married, June 22d, 1783, the
dowager Baroness de Boetzalaer, widow of the Baron de Boetza-
laer, first noble of the province of Holland, and was created a
Peer by the title of Baron Dover, September 1 1th, 1788, but
dying without issue, December 2d, 1792, the title became extinct.

4. John, who was Clerk of the Crown, for life, patentee for
making out commissions of Bankruptcy, Member of Parliament
for Ryegate, and F. R. S. He died in January, 1769; having
married Elizabeth, only daughter of Reginald Lygon, of Madres-

4gl PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

field, in Worcestershire, Esq. and by her, who died July 17th,
1766, had a daughter, Jemima, born on June 1st, 1?63, married
November 18th, 1784, the Right Hon. Reginald Pole Carew, and
died 1804, leaving issue by him.

5. The Reverend and Honourable James Yorke, ordained at
Cambridge in April 1/54 j and soon after, on a vacancy, made a
Prebend of Bristol, and Rector of Great Horsley, in Essex. He
was, in July, 1756, made Canon of Windsor} on January 23d,
3 762, was promoted to the Deanry of Lincoln} and then to the
Bishopric of St. David's, from whence he was translated to Glou-
cester; and thence, in 1781, to Ely. On June 29th, 1762, he
wedded Mary, daughter of Dr. Isaac Maddox, late Bishop of Wor-
cester, by whom he had issue, Charles-Isaac, born May 14th,
1764, died November 11th, 1791; Joseph, born in 1705, mar-
ried, November J 7th, 1800, Catharine, daughter of James Cocks,
Esq. j James, born July 27th, 1766; and Philip, in holy orders,
Prebendary of Ely, born in March 1771* married, December
*797 > to the Honourable Anna -Maria Cocks, youngest daughter
of Charles, first Lord Somers: and three daughters j Margaret,
born June 11th, 17^3, married, May 10th, 1 788, Thomas Wad-
dington, D. D. Prebendary of Ely, and Rector of Northwold, in
Norfolk, died July 2d, 1800; Mary, born October 11th, 1767,
died July 5th, 1795; Elizabeth, born 1772, married, February
1798, to John Buller, Esq. of Morval, Cornwall. The Bishop
died 1808.

His Lordship's two daughters were, Lady Elizabeth, who was
married to George Lord Anson, and died on June 1st, 1760, and
Lady Margaret, for whom is an elegant marble monument in
Normanton Church, Rutlandshire. She married Sir Gilbert Heath-
cote, Bart, on June 22d, 174Q, and died in childbed, August 19th,
176*9.

Philip, his eldest son, second Earl of Hardwicke, on De-
cember 14th, 1738, was appointed one of the Tellers of the Ex-
chequer,

On May 22d, 1740, he was married to the Lady Jemima
Campbell, only daughter of John, Earl of Breadalbin, by the
Lady Amabel Grey, eldest daughter and coheir of Henry de Grey,
late Duke of Kent, by whom he had two daughters,

Lady Amabel, born on January 22d, 1750-1, and married July
1 (5th, 1772, to Alexander Hume Campbell (eldest son to the late
Earl of Marchmont), created Lord Hume of Berwick, who died
S.P. in February, 1781.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 4g3.

2. Lady Jemima, born on February 9th, 1756, married, Au-
gust 17th, J 780, Thomas, second Lord Grantham, by whom she
had the present Lord G.

Their mother, by descent from his Grace the said Duke of
Kent, was Baroness Lucas, of CrudweU, and Marchioness de
Grey.

His Lordship was returned a Member for Ryegate, in the Par-
liament summoned to meet on June 25th, 1741 5 as also in the
succeeding Parliament, which sat first on business November 12th,
17473 but, being then chosen for Cambridgeshire, he made his
election for that county, and continued to serve for the same till
he succeeded to the peerage on the death of his father, on March
6th, 1764. Having been present at Cambridge, at the instalment
of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, Chancellor of the Univer-
sity, he, on Monday after, July 3d, 1749, was admitted to the
degree of Doctor of Laws. His Lordship was, on December 17th,
1760, sworn of his present Majesty's Privy-council, and took his
place at the Board accordingly. He was also Lord Lieutenant
and Custos Rotulorum of Cambridgeshire, High Steward of the
university of Cambridge, Fellow of the Royal Society, and one of
the Trustees of the British Museum.

Mr. Adolphus has, in the British Cabinet, accompanied the
portrait of his Lordship with the following memoir:

" He received his education at Bennet College, Cambridge,
under the care of Dr. Salter, afterwards Master of the Charter
House ; and with a degree of assiduity and perseverance, not
common in persons of rank, applied himself to those branches of
science and literature, which may be cultivated with so much ad-
vantage in that university.

" During the latter part of his residence in College, a work
was undertaken by his Lordship, assisted by some of his cotem-
poraries, which is a proof of the learning and taste of the literary
society to which he belonged. It is entitled, The Athenian Let'
ters; and was first published for general circulation in 1799,
though it had long been distributed among his Lordship's friends;
and was allowed to be a work of considerable merit, particularly
when it is recollected, that the persons who bore the greatest
share of it, the late Earl of Hardwicke, and his brother, Mr. C.
Yorke, were at that time extremely young men.

" Though J^ord Hardwicke was a good classical scholar, and
had read the best works of ancient and modern literature,, yet

494 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

the object to which, from the early period of his youth, he most
particularly directed his attention, was modern history. He pub-
lished The Correspondence of Sir Dudley Carleton, Ambassador
to the States General during the reign of James I. and prefixed to
It an historical preface, containing an account of the many im-
portant negotiations carried on during that period. In \779> ne
published two volumes of State Papers, selected from the collec-
tions at the Paper Office and the British Museum, as well as
from his own valuable collection 5 and if his health and vigour
had not declined in the latter years of his life, it is probable he
would have made further additions to the stores of history.

<f The infirm state of his Lordship's health, combined with an
attachment to literary pursuits, prevented him from plunging
very deep into the stream of practical politics. He had the ho-
nour, however, of a 6eat in the Cabinet, during the existence of
that short-lived administration in 1J65, of which Lord Rocking-
ham was at the head; but without any salary or official situation,
which, though repeatedly offered, he never would accept!"

His Lordship died May l6tb, 17QO, aet. 70. He was succeeded
in his Earldom"1 by his nephew, Philip, eldest son of his nextbror
ther, Charles, already mentioned, of whom it will now be proper
to speak more at large.

Charles Yorke, second son of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke,
born 1722, was educated at Bene't College, Cambridge, and at
Lincoln's Inn; and jointly with his brother, had the office of
Clerk of the Crown conferred on them, June 27th, 20 George II.
He was chosen Member for Ryegate, to the parliament which
met, first on business, November 12th, 1747, and continued after-
wards to be elected for the same borough. On November 6th,
1756, he was appointed Solicitor General; and on December
27th, 17^1, Attorney General; but resigned it on November 2d,
1763. In January 1770, he was appointed Lord Chancellor;
and a patent was ordered to be made out, creating him a Peer, by
the title of Baron Morden; but a few days before the patent
could be completed, he suddenly closed his valuable life, at the
age of forty-eight.

Of this truly ingenious, and very excellent man, whose life
must have furnished so many materials for the most interesting
biography, a full and entire memoir is, I believe, still wanting.

*n The magnificent seat at Wrest, in Bedfordshire, with the appendant estates
of the Dukes of Kent, which came by his wife, went of course to his daugh-
ters.

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 495

Having accepted, as it is said, the Seals at the urgent entreaty of
his Sovereign, his acute sensibility was so struck on his return
home, at the cold and averted looks of his party, who being in
strong opposition to the Court, disapproved the step he had taken,
that in the first poignant agonies of chagrin and despair, he went
home and died.

" Charles Yorke had (says Adolphus), studied the laws and
constitution of his country, and their application to the science
of politics, in the best school of the age; and was no less eminent
at the Bar, than in the estimation of the most enlightened states-
men; his extensive literary acquirements; his great abilities; and
the integrity of his character, were well known, and universally
respected. His probable elevation to the dignity of Chancellor,
had been long contemplated with hope and expectation by the
public; and consequently his death was considered highly preju-f
dicial to the interest of the nation ; as, had he lived, a more firm
and comprehensive system of administration might have been
formed, and wiser and more conciliatory measures adopted to-
wards the American Colonies."

The delicate touches of his character require the pen of one
not only able, but at leisure, and furnished with private materials.
He was not merely a lawyer, and a statesman, but had both a
taste and a genius for almost the whole circle of literature. He
had an intimate and confidential correspondence with many of his
cotemporaries most distinguished for intellectual powers and ac-
quirements. With Bishop Warburton he corresponded at the
age of twenty, on the subjects of some of his profoundest works.
In one of these early letters (1742), the following passage claims
insertion, as a striking and beautiful trait of him : " Your cor-
respondence (says he), is exceedingly acceptable to me. When
I am conversing with you on subjects of literature or ingenuity,
I forget that I have any remote interest in what is going forward
an the world, nor desire in any time of life to be an actor in par-
ties; or, as it is called somewhere, svbire tempestates reipullicae.
But when I find every body inquiring to-day concerning the re-<
port of the Secret Committee yesterday, this passion for still life
vanishes; agilis jio, et mersor civilibus undis.' How naturally
and strongly does this pourtray that struggle between the love of
quiet, and the flame of ambition, which characterizes minds of
high capacity !

His, active life did not leave him much leisure for authorship;

AqQ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

but his pamphlet, containing Considerations on the Law of For'
feiture for High Treason, first published 1?45, has gone through
several editions.11

His talents for poetry were far from inconsiderable.

In short, few men more able or more amiable, have adorned
the Bar, than this accomplished and gentle-tempered man 3 in
whom were mingled so many brilliant and so many kindly quali-
ties, that the nation felt an universal regret at his thus prema-
turely falling a sacrifice to too nice a sense of honour.

He married, first, Catharine, daughter and heir of the Rev. Dr.
"William Freeman, of Hammels, in Hertfordshire, by Catharine,
daughter of Sir Thomas Pope Blount,0 Bart, of Tittenhanger, in
the same county, and by her, who died on July 10th, 175g?3 had
two daughters, who died infants 5 and Philip, son and heir, now
Earl of Hardwicke.

He married, secondly, Agneta, one of the daughters and co-
heiresses of Henry Johnson, Esq. of Great Berkhamstead, in
Herts, by whom he had issue,

2. The Right Hon. Charles Yorke, born March 12th, 1/64,
who having been educated at Cambridge, and the Bar, was re-
turned M. P. for the county of Cambridge, in 17Q0, 1796, 1802,
180(5, and 180/. In 1801 he held under the Addington Admi-
nistration the place of Secretary at War; which office he dis-
charged with much industry and ability: and in Aug. 1803, Se-
cretary of State for the Home Department, which he held till
May 1804. His talents from his very early years raised great ex-
pectations; and the part he has taken in parliament carries great
Weight with it, on account of the manliness of Vis character, his
integrity, and freedom from factious politics. He married, July

n It appears from Bishop Warburton's Letters, that in 1752, « he narrowly
escaped with his life" from a fire at Lincoln's Inn. " This makes me (adds
the Bishop), think all the rest a trifle : though he has lost (together with excel-
lent chambers of his own), an excellent library ; and what is irreparable, all the
State Papers of his great uncle, Lord Somers, in thirty or forty volumes in
folio, full of very material things for the history of those times ; which I speak
upon my own knowledge."

0 Descended from the celebrated Sir Henry Blount, the traveller, who mar-
wed the widow of Sir William Mainwaring, who fell on the walls of Chesrer,
1 64 J, and was father by her, of Sir Thomas Pope Blount, Bart. th,e author of
Censura Authorum Cclebriorumt Sec.

P Bishop Warburton says to Bishop Hurd, " Mr. Yorke has had an exceeding
great loss in a very amiable wife. I lament for him and her."

EARL OF HARDWICKE. 497

1st, 1790, Miss Harriot Manningham, sister to Major-General
Manningham ; but has no issue.

3. Sir Joseph Yorke, Knt. born June 6th, 17@8; promoted to
be a Post-captain in the Navy, in 1793 5 and now commands the
Christian the VII. of 80 guns. He married in April, 1798, Miss
Rattray; and has issue a son, Charles Philip, born in April,

1779.

4. Caroline, born August 29th, 17&5, married September 9th,
179O, John, second Lord Eliot/i

Philip, eldest son, succeeded his uncle as third Earl op
Hardwicke. He was born May 3 1 st, 1757, and was educated
at Queen's College, Cambridge; and was afterwards returned
M. P. for the county of Cambridge, 178O, and 1784.

In 1801 his Lordship was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ire-
land, which he held till 1805. In 1803 he was also honoured
with the Order of the Garter.

His Lordship is also Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of
the county of Cambridge, High Steward of Cambridge Univer-
sity, Register of the Court of Admiralty, F. R. and A.S. and
LL.D.

He married, July 24th, 1782, Lady Elizabeth Lindsay, daugh-
ter of James, fifth Earl of Balcarras, by whom he has issue,

Anne, born April 13th, 1783; married, August 29th, 1807,
John, Viscount Pollington, son of the Earl of Mexborough.

Philip, Viscount Royston, born May 7th, 1784, drowned near
Memel, April 7th, 1808.

Catharine Freman, born April 14th, 1786.

Elizabeth-Margaret, born January 14th, 1789*

Caroline- Harriet, born October 15th, 1794-

Charles James, Viscount Royston, born July 15th, 1797»

Joseph- John, born August 20th, 1800.

Titles. Philip Yorke, Earl of Hardwicke, Viscount Royston,
Lord Hardwicke, and Baron of Hardwicke.

Creations. Baron Hardwicke, of Hardwicke, in the county
of Gloucester, November 23d, 1733, 7 George II.; Viscount
Royston, and Earl of Hardwicke, April 2d, 1754, 27 George II.

Arms. Argent, on a Sal tire, Azure, a Bezant.

1 They were related. His mother was the daughter of Edward Elliston, Esq.
by the aunt of Edward Gibbon, the Historian ;. and of this family, it has been
already shewn, was Lord Chancellor Hardwicke's mother.

VOL. IV. 2 K

498 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND,

Crest. On a wreath of the colours, a lion's head erazed proper,
collared Gules, charged with a Bezant.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a lion gardant, Or, collared
Gules, charged with a Bezant. On the sinister side, a stag pro-,
per, attired and unguled, Or, and collared in like manner.

MottO. NEC CUPIAS, NEC METUAS.

Chief Seats. At Wimpole, in Cambridgeshire : and at Ham-
mels, and Tittenhanger, in Hertfordshire,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 499

VANE EARL OF DARLINGTON.

Having in part treated of his Lordship's ancestors, under the
title of Fane, Earl of Westmoreland, and therein shewn the ori-
ginal name to be Fane-, when it varied, &c. also observed, that
from Richard Fane, Esq. the Earl of Westmorland derived his
descent ; and that John, his brother, was ancestor to the present
Earl of Darlington, and son (as I have by undoubted evidence
proved), of John Vane, Esq. who first took the name of Fane,
2nd died in 13 Henry VII. as by his last will and testament, and
the probate thereof, appears; a wherein he writes himself John
Fane, of Tunbridge, Esq.

I shall now proceed to treat of the said John his son; who
also wrote his name Fane; and his father, by his said will, left
him the lands and tenements called Hollynden; and other lands
assigned to him by deed of fee-simple, bearing date on April 1st,
preceding the making of the said will. Also by the gift of Henry
Fane, of Hadloe, his elder brother, who died without issue (as I
have shewn under the title of Westmorland), he had his lands
lying in Great Peckham, in Kent; and, after the decease of Alice,
the wife of the said Henry Fane, all the lands that she held in
jointure. And, by the entail on him of the manor and mansion
of Hadloe, with the lands thereunto belonging, was possessed
thereof in 4 Edward VI. when Sir Ralph Vane was beheaded,
leaving no issue. The time of his decease I do not find; but bby
Joan his wife, daughter and coheir of Edward Haute, Esq. he
had two sons, Henry and Richard,0 both mentioned in the will of

a Ex Regist. vocat. Milks, q. 77, in Cur. Praerog. Cantuar.

b Visit, de Com. Kant, G. 12, in Offic. Armor.

c Ex Regist. Hogen, Qu. 4.

500 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

their uncle Henry Fane, Esq. in 25 Henry VIII.; also another
son, Thomas, of Winchelsea, recited in the will of Henry, his
brother, as will hereafter appear.

Which Henry Fane, his eldest son, was written of Hadloe*
Esq. After the decease of his father, he was unwarily drawn into
that insurrection under Sir Thomas Wyat, to prevent the mar-
riage of Queen Mary with Philip Prince of Spain. On his defeat
he was d committed prisoner to the Tower, on February 7th; but
his youth being considered, he was among those that had their
pardon, and was released out of the Tower on March 24th fol-»
lowing. He was educated in the reformed religion, the whole
family being early professors of it; and his kinsman Thomas Fane,
Esq. (after knighted), father of Francis, first Earl of Westmor-
land, was also in Wyat's rebellion, and a warrant sent to the
sheriff of Kent for his execution, with three others :e but the
Queen, at her manor of St. James, on March 18th, 1554, in the
first year of her reign, sent orders to Stephen (Gardiner) Bishop
of Winchester; Chancellor of England, to cause writs of super-*
sedeas, to the sheriff of Kent, not to proceed to his execution,
having compassion on his youth.

In the two first parliaments of Queen Elizabeth, this Henry
was returned for the cinque port of Winchelsea; and his abilities
were so conspicuous, that he was one of the leading members of
the House of Commons, as their Journals shew.

He had ever been a steady assertor of the reformed religion;
and his last will and testament shews his piety, learning, and re-
fined qualities: which containing some remarkable particulars., (
shall insert part of it in his own words:

f f The orje and twentieth day of January, in the twentieth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Queen Elizabeth, I Henry
Fane, of Hadlowe, in the county of Kent. Esq. calling to my re-
membrance, and acknowledging the manyfold benefits and graces
wherewith it hath pleased God, of his infinite mercy, most abun-
dantly to bless and enrich me, most unworthy and sinful crea-
ture; and further knowing and seeing by daily experience, that
nothing is more certain than death, and the return of all flesh
into dust from whence it came : and yet is there nothing more
uncertain than the time or place, when and how it is the pleasure
pf the Almighty to call ; and therefore a thing both expedient an<3

i Stow's Annals, p. 6zit 623. * Rymer's Foedera, Vol. XV. p. 373,

f Ex Regist, Rowe, Not. 65, Qu. 6, in Cur, Praerog. Cantuar,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 501

most necessary for all men to provide themselves, and be ever in
readiness; first towards God, by hearty and unfeigned repent-
ance, and true faith in him; and then (o the world, by due satis-
faction and reconcilement, whereinsoever our conscience appealeth
as guilty; and also forgiving our brothers, as we desire our hea-
venly father to forgive us; and, lastly, to the intent that we may
leave and establish peace and love amongst all meri, and espe-
cially our children and posterity, it behoveth all men by writing to
dispose, devise, and publish their intent, meaning, and determi-
nation, concerning the order of their lands, goods, and other
things whatsoever, the use and disposition whereof it hath pleased
our good God to grant us, during our abode in this variable
world. Wherefore I the said Henry Fane, being in good and
perfect memory, thanked be God, and often revolving these
and other just and good causes and considerations, have thought
it convenient, at this present time, to make, declare, and finish,
this my last will and testament, in 'manner and form following,
viz.

" In the name of God, Amen. I Henry Fane do confess and.
protest myself a most grievous and penitent sinner, trusting to be
saved by the death and passion of my Redeemer Jesus Christ, of
whom only I crave, and faithfully hope to receive, all forgiveness
through his meircy and grace; and therefore yield and commit
myself, both body and soul, into his Omnipotent hands, both now
and ever, Amen* Also my will is, that my body shall be buried
in such order, time, and place, as shall seem best to my executor
and overseers, or any of them, to whom, in like sort, I grant au-
thority to give to the poor people of Hadlowe such money as
they shall think meete. Also I give and bequeath to my dear
friend, my Lady Ellin Somerset, a ring with a Turky stone there-
in, now in the custody of my cousin Mary Ashburnham, desiring
my Lady to keep and wear it for my sake. Also I will to my
cousin Thomas Fane* of Buston, her husband, my damask gown>
desiring him to accept and wear it for my sake. Also I will to
William Mauley, my servant, three pounds yearly, out of my
lands ill Hadlowe, for so many years as he shall serve my son
Henry.' . .

After which, he bequeaths to Henry Fane, his nephew, son of
his brother Richard Fane, an annuity out of his lands, &c. in
hadlowe, during his life; then bequeaths to his son Henry Fane,
when he accomplishes the age of twenty-two years, and to his
heirs for ever, all his manors, lands, tenements, &c. and, if he

502 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

deceased without heirs of his body, he then entaileth them on his
nephew Thomas Fane, son of his brother Thomas Fane, of Win-
chelsea, and to the heirs male of his bodyj in default, to his bro-
ther Richard Fane, and the heirs of his body. After which he
thus expresses himself:

' Also my will, desire, and request is, that it will please the
Right Honourable, and my especial good Lord, and ever assured
friend, my Lord Cobham, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, to
accept my son Henry Fane, into his rule, order, and government,
until my said son shall accomplish the age of twenty-two years :
and I will and charge my said son to continue and shew himself
always obedient and willing to be ruled, ordered, and directed
by my said Lord, whom, I protest, I have, during all my life,
honoured and loved above all men ; and 1 trust my son will fol-
low his father's steps, and do the like. Also my will and mind
is, that as well my lease that I have of Sir John Rivers, Knt. of
part of the parsonage of Hadlowe, as also all other my leases,
writings, and evidences, plate, household furniture, whatsoever,
shall entirely remain to be in the custody of my cousin Thomas
Fane, of Buston, whom I make my overseer, until my said son
shall attain to the age of two and twenty years: at which time
my will is, that he shall redeliver them, with a just and true ac-
count (all his reasonable charges allowed and deducted), to my
said son Henry, or his assigns. Also I give to my brother Richard
Fane,, all the money he oweth me. Finally, I ordain my son
Henry, my sole and only executor, &c.'

The probate bears date on February 4th, 3 582, when Henry
Fane, his son, administered.

The inquisition taken at Deptford, after his decease, * shews,
that he died on June 11th, in 22 Elizabeth, and that Henry, his
son and heir, was then twenty years of age and more, and mar-
ried to Mary, only daughter and heir of Thomas Fane, of Buston,
Esq. the overseer of his father's will. His mother, Elizabeth,
daughter of ■ Godsalve, Esq. died before his father, leaving
him, the said Henry, surviving. ^^

Which Henry Fane, of Hadlowe, Esq. was likewise^*" judi-
cious and accomplished gentleman* His wife Mary, before-
mentioned, died without leaving issue by him;h so that, in 2/
Elizabeth, he took to his second wife Margaret, daughter of Roger
Twisden, of East-Peckham, in Kent, Esq. In 1588, the me-

S Escaet. Lib.£, M.Si not. 6i, A. i6,' in Bib. Harley.
fa Escaet. Lib. z. M.S. not. 6i, A. 13, in Bibl. Harley.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 503

morable year of the Spanish invasion, he repaired to the camp of
Tilbury,- with the aid of his friends and dependants,1 the county
of Kent having supplied a hundred and fifty horse, and five thou-
sand foot, which was more than any other county, except Mid-
dlesex, did. Having been thereby seasoned in a military life, he
had a command in those forces sent to the assistance of Henry IV.
the French King, particularly in 15Q5, when, before he embarked,
he made his will, dated on September 4th, the same year. And
that he was in France the year after, is evident from the codicil
to his will, which bears date at Roan, on October 13th, 1 596 5
and that he dk;d there the day after, the inquisition shews, taken
on his decease, as customary in those times. By his said will>
and other circumstances, it appears that he followed his father's
example, both in his pious disposition, integrity, and honourable
principles. 1 shall therefore, as a proof thereof, give part of it in
his own words.

Writing himself of Hadlowe, in the county of Kent, Esq. he
recites :k * That since it hath pleased God, of his great mercy
and love, to bless me, and Margaret my now wife, with four
children ; that is to say, two sons and two daughters already born,
and the fifth child likely to be born, if it please the Lord to send
my wife safe deliverance j my will and meaning is, according to
the warrant and commandment of our Lord to tlie good king He-
zekiah, pronounced by the mouth of the prophet Isaiah, That he
should, before his death, put his house in order} my meaning is,
I say, to provide for my said wife and children, and to order and
dispose of my goods and lands ; and being now of good and per-
fect memory, do make, declare, and finish this my last will and
testament, in manner and form following. In the name of God,
Amen, my will is, that my body shall be buried in such order,
time, and place, as shall seem best to my executor and overseers.
Also my will is, that my most dear and entirely beloved Thomas
Fane, of Buston, Esq. father of my first wife while she lived, and
Roger Twisden, of Peckham, Esq. my dear and well-beloved
father-in-law, whom I constitute overseers of this my last will
and testament; that they, the said Thomas and Roger, shall take,
or cause to be taken, after my decease, a true inventory of all my
plate, household-stuff, and furniture of household, at Hadlowe;
and shall equally and indifferently, according to their discretionf*

i Stow's Annals, p. 747.
k Ex Regist. vocat. Cobharia, in cur. Prserog. Cant. Qu; $*

504 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND;

divide them between Margaret, my well beloved wife, and Henry-
Fane, my son. All the rest of my goods, &c. I bequeath to the
said Margaret, my wife, whom I make my sole executrix. And
my will is, that Thomas Fane, and Roger Twisden, overseers of
my will, shall receive and employ two parts of all the profits of
my rents, of all and singular my manors, lands, &c. within the
realm of England (my wife's jointure excepted), and divide into
three equal parts: first for the payment of my debts, next satis-
fying my legacies and funeral, then for the bringing up and edu-
cation of all my children; lastly, for the necessary repairing of
all my houses, and for the defence of my manors, lands, &c. if
any question or controversy should be unjustly moved/

After which he wills, that his said wife shall dwell in his man-
sion-house of Hadlowe, till his son Henry accomplish the full age
of twenty-one years, and have the occupation of the lands there-
unto belonging. He bequeaths, to each of his two daughters,
Eleanor and Elizabeth, four hundred pounds at their marriage,
or at twenty-one years: and if the child his wife goeth on be a
daughter, four hundred pounds; but if a son, an annuity of forty
marks a year, to him and his heirs for ever, to be paid out of all
his lands lying in Hadlowe. He bequeaths to his son, Ralph
Fane, all those lands called by the name of Stiles, purchased of
Thomas Darell, of Scotney, Esq. to him and his heirs for ever:
but that his overseers shall have two parts of his said lands, till
Henry, his son and heir, shall attain the age of twenty-one
years, and then deliver up the writings to him, and his heirs for
ever.

Finally, he bequeaths to the said Henry, his son and heir, all
the residue of his manors, lands, &c. whatsoever in England, to-
gether with the reversion of the said parts, appointed to his said
overseers. And by a codicil, dated at Roan, October 13th, 15Q6,
whereunto Thomas Milles, Percival Hart, and Edward Russel,
were witnesses, he recites, ? That whereas he is indebted to his
loving and kind father-in-law, Thomas Fane, Esq. in two hun-
dred pounds, whereof one hundred he hath no specialty; and to
his loving cousin Richard Fane, in two hundred marks, for the
which he hath no specialty; and to his cousin Henry Fane, bro-
ther to the said Richard, in twenty-two pounds, for the which he
hath also nothing to shew; he orders his overseers to discharge
those sums/ The probate bears date May 4th, 1597, ana* Mar-
garet, his relict, had administration granted to her.

By the inquisition taken at Greenwich, on November 13th, 38

EARL OF DARLINGTON, 503

Eliz. after his decease,1 the jury found that he died at Roan> in
France, on October 14th last j and that Henry was his son and
heir (by Margaret his wife* daughter of Roger Twisden, of East-
Peckham, Esq. whom he married in 2J Eliz.), and of the age of
seven years on February 18th last, and Ralph Fane, his second
son j and that he died seised, besides his manor and mansion of
Hadlowe, &c. of the manors of Shipbourne, alias Shibborne, with
the appurtenances, parcel of the priory of Dartford, in Shibborne
and Wrotehamj of Stubborn, alias Puddenham, parcel of the
priory of Tunbridge, with the rectory of the chapel of Shibborne,
parcel of the priory of St. John's of Jerusalem, in England j of
the manors of Goodins, alias Fromondsj Crowbery, alias Crowe-
beryj and of Caninston, alias Cawnstonsj all in Kent, and de-
scended to the said Henry, his son and heir.

Which Sir Hknry assumed the ancient name of his ancestors,
writing himself Henry Fane, and his posterity have continued so
to do ever since. He removed his principal residence into the
North, and was seated at Rahy Castle, in the county of Durham, m
and had the honour of knighthood conferred on him, in the seven-
venteenth year of his age, by King James I.n at Whitehall, on
March 28th, 16H3 after which he improved himself by travel,
and a knowledge of foreign languages.

In 12 King James I. he was returned one of the members0 for
the city of Carlisle ; he was also elected for the same county to
the succeeding parliament ; in these parliaments his abilities were
so conspicuous, as also his affection to the royal family, that King
James made him Cofferer p to his son, Charles Prince of Wales,

1 Eseaet. Lib. 2. not. 61, A 13, and Lib. 5, not. 61, A 61, A 16, in Bibl.
Harley.

«n Raby Castle was the chief residence of the great family of Neville, Earls of
Westmorland, and was probably among the estates forfeited for the rebellion in
the North by Charles, the last Earl, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. It must
have come to Sir Henry Vane by purchase, or grant from the Crown. He had
no blood of the Nevilles, though his cousin, Sir Thomas Fane, had married the
heiress of another branch of that illustrious house , whence his son, when made
an Earl, took the title of Earl of Westmorland. Perhaps, as he was a vain man,
this coincidence made him particularly desirous of obtaining the title of Baron of
Raby.

n Philpot's Catal. of Knights.
o Willis's, Notit. Parliament, p. 167, 168.

P The present Editor feels himself bound to let the account of Sir Henry Vane
stand as it appeared in former editions } because the facts seem to rest on autho-
rities which cannot be disputed. But if Lord Clarendon's Characters may be

50(5 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

on the establishment of his household ; and he was continued in
the said office by King Charles I. on his accession to the throne,
who sent him to notify, to the States of Holland, the death of his
royal father; from whence he returned in June, l625.fi

He was, May 30th, 1625, in commission (bearing the title of
Cofferer of the household), with Thomas Earl of Arundel, John
Earl of Clare, Edward Earl of Dorset, Edward Lord Conway,
one of the principal Secretaries of State, and others, to examine
into all new erected buildings within the city and suburbs of
London, and to prevent any new buildings, as they shall think
proper.1- And King Charles I. when Prince of Wales, being in
want of money, he borrowed, in the twenty-second year of his
father's reign, twenty thousand pounds; whereof Sir Henry Vane s
was bound for four thousand pounds, part of it to George Hux-
ley, Esq. Also on another loan of twenty thousand pounds, he
was, with Sir Henry Hobart, Lord Chief Justice, and Chancellor
to the Prince, and others, bound for the payment thereof. Like-
wise in a third loan, Sir Henry, and others, were bound for
twenty-three thousand pounds. Whereupon King Charles I. on
July 20th, 1(525, promises to see the same discharged ; and, for
the further security of the persons engaged therein, makes over
to them divers honours, manors, &c. for ninety-nine years, giving
the said Sir Henry Vane, and them, power to receive the rents
and issue of the premises; also granting to them three thousand
pounds per annum, out of the receipt of the court of Wards and
Liveries; and, if that be not sufficient, he will order the Lord
High Treasurer to pay what shall be wanting thereof.

In King Charles I.'s parliament, 1625, Sir Henry Vane was
chosen u both for the borough of Lestwithiel, in Cornwall, and for
the city of Carlisle; and served in every parliament after to the
time of his decease,34 being elected for Thetford, in Norfolk;
Wilton, in Wiltshire; and for the county of Kent.

On August 12th, 1625/ bearing the title of Cofferer of the

relied on (and what wise or impartial person will doubt them ?) it will be evi-
dent, what imperfect and even erroneous inferences may arise from bare records,
and dry official notices. With all these high employments, Lord Clarendon, as
will be hereafter seen, sets Sir Henry Vane in a very insignificant and contemp-
tible light.

q Willis's Notit. Parliament, p. 176, 177. r Cabala, Part 1. 4*0. p. 13 1.
» Rymer's Fcedera, Vol. XVIII. p. 97. ' Ibid. p. 153 to 157.

« Willis ut antea, p. 199. x Ibid. p. 237, 240, 259, 262.

T Notwithstanding all these employments, Lord Clarendon says, that by the

EARL OF DARLINGTOM. 507

Household, he2 was in the commission for governing, demising,
and disposing of the King's customary lands within the duchy ot
Cornwall, and all other manors, &c. he had, before his accession
to the crown, passed over for the payment of such debts they
stood engaged forj but some doubt arising whether they could
agree for leases of the demesne lands, parcel of the said duchy,
the King, by a new commission, bearing date February 20th fol-
lowing, impowers them to dispose of all honours, castles, manors,
&c. parcel of the said duchy, or annexed thereto, and of all the
revenues, &c. arising therefrom, except the coinage and customs,
&c. of Tin (within the counties of Cornwall and Devon), for the
payment of the said debts. Hea was likewise the same year in
commission, to take a survey of the wardrobe, in all the King's
castles, houses, &c.

On July 24th, 1630, bearing the b title of Comptroller of the
King's Household, and of his Privy-council, he was in com-
mission, with others of the council, to put in execution the laws
relating to the buildings in Westminster and London, according
to the King's proclamation. Also, on October 2d following, was
in commission,0 to examine the records, &c. in custody of Sir
Robert Cotton, Knt. and Bart. The King, in the preamble to
the patent, recites/ e That it having come to his knowledge,
that there remain in possession of Sir Robert Cotton, Knt. and
Bart, divers records, books, writings, and original papers of state,
properly belonging to the crown, and not fit to be kept by any pri-
vate person: and by a late order and decree in the court of Star-
chamber, it was thought fit, that he should appoint some persons
of trust and quality, to search and view what books and papers,
and other writings of state, properly belonged to him, to the end
they might be disposed of as instruments of state at his pleasure :
ke therefore empowers the aforesaid Counsellors, or any two of
them, to enter the house of the said Sir Robert Cotton, and there
to search, find out, and view, all, every,1 or any records, books,
escripts, papers, or writings of the said Sir Robert Cotton, either
in his custody, or in the custody of others by his appointment.
And upon such view, his will and pleasure is, that they set down,
and deliver unto him in writing, such as properly belong to him,

disfavour of the Duke of Buckingham, he met with some severe mortifications
at the beginning of this reign.

» Rymer's Foedera, Vol. XVIII. p. 306,' 367. a Ibid. p. 768,

b Rymer, Vol. XII. p. 181. c ibid. p. 198, 199,

<i Pat. 6 Car. I. p. 10, n. 9.

508 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

&c. that he may thereupon give further order and direction
touching the disposing of them, as in his royal judgment he shall
think fit.' And for their belter ease and help, they were em-
powered to call to their assistance Sir William Beecher, Knt. and
William Boswell, Esq. Clerks of the Council.

Likewise, on January 5th, the same year, hee was in commis-
sion, with others, for relieving the poor; and they were empowered
to inquire into the execution of the statutes relating thereto, and
the employment of lands, goods, and monies given for charitable
uses, the training up of youth in trades, and repressing drunken-*
ness, idleness, &c.

On April 10th, 1(531, hef was, with others, commissioned to
give orders, and take into their care the reparations of the cathe-
dral church of St. Paul, London : and, on May 6th following, was
in commission/ to hear and examine all questions and contro-
versies, kc. that shall arise about the jurisdiction of any of the
courts ecclesiastical or civil, or any of the courts of justice, or
betwixt the Judges and Officers of the courts of judicature, in
any matter or cause concerning jurisdiction, and to determine the
same.

On September 20th, the same year,11 the King, in consideration
of the prudence, faith, and industry, he reposes in his well beloved
Sir Henry Vane, Knt. of his Privy-council, and Comptroller of
his Household, commissions him to renew the treaty of friend-
ship and confederacy with Christian IV. King of Denmark. Aha-
by another commission, bearing date the same day and year, he '
was empowered to treat and conclude on a firm peace and confe-
deracy with Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, and the Ger-
man Princes in alliance with him. The Marquis of Hamilton
that year went over to the King of Sweden's assistance with six
thousand men, and Sir Henry Vane was ordered to confer with
him. He met the Marquis at Wurtburgh, in October/ and,
being admitted to an audience of the King of Sweden, at Frank-
fort, January 29th, earnestly pressed him to' undertake the resti-
tution of the King of Bohemia, Elector Palatine, to his estates
and dignities: but the Swedish Monarch answered, ' That he
could not, without having war with France and Bavaria -, nor
would undertake such war, unless the King of England would

• Rymer, Vol. XII. p. 231, & seq. f Pat. 7 Car. I. p. 10. n. 9.

i Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 279, & seq. h Ibid. p. 317.

i Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 318.
k Life of King Charles in Hist, of Eng. Vol. II. p. 04,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 509

enter into an alliance with him against the Spaniards/ However*
it was concerted, that on the King of Bohemia's arrival in the
Swedish camp, where he was speedily expected, the Chancellor
of Sweden, and Sir Henry, the English Ambassador, should enter
into treaty on that ardent affair y which, on his arrival, came to
no effect.

Sir Henry Vane, intent on the subject of his embassy, followed
the King of Sweden in his marches through Germany, and left
no means unessayed to prevail on him to restore the King of Bo-
hemia to his dominions in the Palatinate -, but the Swede, flushed
with victory, insisted on terms that could not be yielded to with
honour. Sir Henry had his last audience of that successful 1 Prince
about the middle of July, 1632, when all that he could obtain
from him was, That he should hold his country as a donative of
the King of Sweden, and make no martial levies, or any league or
article with any other Prince, without his consent. That, during
the war, he should furnish him with what forces he could raise
and pay, and put two of his chief est towns in his hands, for per-'
forming of the covenants. These terms Sir Henry Vane thought
so dishonourable, that, expostulating with the King of Sweden on
the hardships of them, they both parted in heat, and the treaty
broke off. But his conduct therein was satisfactory to his own
Sovereign, who so far approved of his Ambassador's carriage,
that he sent letters to the King of Sweden, charging him with
obstructing the league between them, and recalled Sir Henry
Vane, and ordered the Marquis of Hamilton to return home with
his forces.

Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, in a letter from Rensbourg,

in Holstein, dated October 8th, ]6'32 (being then in embassy to

the King of Denmark), has this remark,"1 Sir Henry Vane is gorie

from the King of Sweden, without effecting the business he came

for, which I believe will be other mens fortunes as well as his, in.

their employments.

Sir Henry departed from the Swedish camp the latter end of
October," leaving his instructions with his Secretary, Mr. Curtius,
who staid as his Majesty's Agent with the King of Sweden; but
the battle fought at Lutzen, November 6th, 1(532, wherein the
King of Sweden was slain, together with the death of the King of

1 Rushworth's Collections, Part 2. Vol. I. and Life of K. Charles, ut antea,
p. 68.
ra Sidney Letters, Vol. II. p, 372. V Rushworth, &c, ut antea,

5 JO PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Bohemia, who died on the 29th of the said month, put an end
to all negociations on that head.

- Immediately after his return, November 20th, 1632,° he was
in commission (retaining his place of Comptroller of the House-
hold), to exercise and perform all and every acts, matters, &c.
which to the office of Lord High Admiral of England, Ireland,
Wales, &c. appertaineth of belongeth, as well concerning the
navy and shipping, as the rights and jurisdiction of the office of
Lord High Admiral of England, &c. Also on February 20th
following, in commission,? to reprieve and stay from execution,
such as may be convicted of felony, whom, for strength of body,
or other abilities,they may think fit to be employed in foreign dis-
coveries, or other services beyond the seas.

The year 1033 began with King Charles's preparation for a
progress into Scotland, where he had been long expected to so-
lemnize his coronation. He set out from London, May 13th, with
the Earls of Northumberland, Arundel, Pembroke, Southampton,
Marquis of Hamilton, the Bishop of London, Sir Henry Vane,
and many other persons of quality. He accepted 1 of noble en-
tertainments by the way; at Welbeck, from the Earl of New-
castle -, at Raby-Castle, from Sir Henry Vane; at Durham, from
Thomas Morton, the Bishop; and at Newcastle, from the magis-
trates and town; making it a month in his journey to Edinburgh.
On his Majesty's arrival there, his English servants and officers
yielded up their places and attendance to the Scots; and Sir Henry
Vane returned to Raby-Castle.

On December 1/th following, her was in commission for the
better governing of the great wardrobe, &c. Also in another
commission of the same date,s to put in execution an act of the
first of Elizabeth, entitled, An Act restoring to the crown the an->
cient jurisdiction over the State ecclesiastical and spiritual, and
abolishing all foreign power, repugnant to the same. And, on
February 1/th ensuing,1 was in a special commission to inquire
into the exactions and abuses committed in the several courts of
justice, and other inferior courts within the realm.

On November 19th, 1634, heu was with the other Lords of
the Admiralty, appointed Commissioners of Appeal, in cases of
prizes taken by virtue of letters of marque, and to determine the

o Pat. 8 Car. I. p. 8. n. 9. dors, P Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 406, & seq.

H Rushworth, p. 69. r Pat. 9 Car. I. p. 6. n. 8, dors,

s Rymsr, Vol. XIX. p. 487, & sfcq. * Pat. 9 Car. I. p. 6, n, 8. dors.

« Rymer, Vol, XIX, p. 581,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. - 511

same. On May 9th, 1 1 Car. I. he was in commission/ with
others, who were empowered to call before them the officers of
the standing wardrobes, in any of the King's honours, castles, or
manor-houses, in England and Wales, and to take an account of
the wardrobe stuff in his or their keeping. Also, on August 23d
the same year, was commissioned^ with others, to compound
with all the King's subjects who held their estates by defective
grants. And on November 16th following,2 was in commission
with other Lords of the Admiralty, to fend as ma*ny ships, fitly
prepared and victualled, as the Lords of the Council should di-
rect, in aid and ease of such counties as could not furnish the
same as by the King's writs were required. In the same year he
obtained a a grant of free warren, and Master Forester and Chief
Warden of all forests and chases within the dominion of Castle
Barnard, commonly called Barnard's-Castle, in the bishoprick of
Durham 3 to hold to the said Sir Henry Vane, and the heirs male
of his body.

On April 10th, 163Q, he b was in commission to hear and de-
termine, according to their discretions, all quarrels between the
subjects of his Majesty's colonies in America, and their governors,
for delaying of justice, &c. that may be brought before them in
England, &c. Also, nine days after,0 was in another commis-
sion, concerning the buildings of London and Westminster. And
complaint being made by sundry of the King's subjects, of being
robbed and pillaged at sea, by ships belonging to subjects of fo-
reign Princes and States, hed and the rest of the Commissioners
of the Admiralty, or any three of them, were empowered to give
warrants to the Judges of the High Court of Admiralty, to issue
letters of marque and reprisal to such of his Majesty's subjects as
have been pillaged, &c. signed by the King on October 11th, in
the twelfth year of his reign. Likewise, on December 24th en-
suing,6 he was in an especial commission with others, the Com-
missioners of the Admiralty, to lend such ships to those counties,
which, of themselves, cannot find ships for the King's service, as
required by his Majesty's writs, and to set them forth in full equU
page of men and provisions. And Sir William Russel, Treasurer
of the Navy, was empowered to receive of the several sheriffs and
officers of the said counties all such monies as shall be paid in

X

Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 66$, Y Pat. 11 Car. I. p. 23. n.44, dors.

2 Rymer, Vol. XIX. p. 697, et seq, a Pat. 11 Car. I. p. zo. n. 16.

b Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 8, & seq. c Ibid. p. 10.

«* Ibid. p. 74, 75. « Ibid, p, 95, & seq.

512 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. '

for the said ships and service. And, by another commission bear-
ing date the same day/ they were empowered to give warrants to
the Master of the Ordnance, to sell and deliver to George Collins,
Gent, and Samuel Cordwell, Gent, such quantities of salt-petre
and gunpowder, pursuant to the contract made with them. Also,
on February 27th following,^ were commissioned to grant letters
of marque and reprisal against the French King's subjects.

Continuing in the Commission of the Admiralty, as also Comp-
troller of the King's Household, and of his Privy-council,h he
was again with them commissioned, December 28th, 1637, to
furnish and lend ships to such counties as cannot find the same
for the King's use. And on March 30th, 1637, ' Algernon, Earl
of Northumberland, being made Lord High Admiral of England,
on May 21st following, 14 Car. 1. the King reciting/" ' That
March the lrjth, in the eleventh year of his reign, he had assigned
Commissioners, Sir Henry Vane, &c. with full power and autho-
rity to execute and perform all acts, matters, and things, which
appertained to the office of a Lord High Admiral of England,
Ireland, and Wales, and the dominions thereunto belonging, town
of Calais, and the marches thereof, Normandy, Gascoigne, and
Aquitaine; as well touching the navy and shipping, as what con-
cerned the right and jurisdiction of, or appertaining to the office
of Lord High Admiral of England; and whereas he had lately
constituted Algernon Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Ad-
miral; and forasmuch as the accounts of the Vice- Admirals, and
other officers of the navy, who are accountable, are not finished,
and some other matters not perfected, the King, reposing especial
trust and confidence in the approved wisdoms, integrities, and
circumspections of the said Sir Henry Vane, &c. commissions
them to perfect such businesses as are undispatched by them,
concerning the Admiralty; and to call to account all such Vice-
Admirals, and other officers, &c. who are accountable for profits,
&c. accruing to the King, from- the death of George Duke of
Buckingham, Lord Admiral of England, until the date of the
letters-patent granted of that office to the Earl of Northumber-
land; and as they shall find cause, give a full acquittal for dis-
charging the said accountants, &c.'

On June 26th following, he * was in commission for the repair

f Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 97, & seq. S Ibid. p. 21$.

Ibid. p. 184, & seq. i Pat. 13 Car. I. p. 13, in do

k Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 22?, & seq.

*» Ibid. p. 184, & seq. * Pat. 13 Car. 1.

k Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 225, & seq.
I Pat. 14 Car. I, p. 6. n. 24, dors.

dors,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 513

and re-edifying the Tower of London; as also for annexing
thereto fitting privileges, benefits, and duties, the charge whereof
to be borne out of the revenue and rights anciently belonging
thereto: and were empowered, as well by examination and depo-
sition of witnesses on their oaths, as by other good and lawful
means, to enquire and find out what prerogatives, privileges, ju-
risdictions, bounds, liberties, precincts, hamlets, commands,
benefits, rights, fees, services, rents, &c. have heretofore apper-
tained to the said royal castle, commonly called the Tower of
London, or that may hereafter be annexed or held as appertaining
thereto, and be settled and established, &c. and by what means
monies may be raised sufficient to re-edify and repair the said
Tower of London; as also what further works, in their discre-
tions, they shall find requisite for the King's service ; and for the
better storing and safe keeping munitions, provisions of war, and
other necessaries therein, &c. with other large powers.

What I find next of him is, that he was made Treasurer of the
Household in September l63g. m And on February 5th follow-
ing he was n constituted principal Secretary of State ° for life \
also was permitted to hold the place of Treasurer of the House-
hold with it. He succeeded Secretary Coke (who was so aged as
to be unfit for business), after much opposition from the Earl of
Strafford. Algernon, Earl of Northumberland, in a p letter to
Robert Earl of Leicester, Ambassador in France, advertises him,
' That the King sent the Lord Treasurer to Secretary Coke, to
let him know, that by reason of his age he found him not able to
discharge, as he ought to do, the business incident to the place he
held, and if he would willingly resign, his Majesty would take it
well at his hands, and be ready to shew him favour; which he
immediately submitted to. Thus far it proceeded without the
knowledge of the Archbishop, Hamilton, the Lieutenant of Ireland,
or any other Minister of this court; nor had the Lord Treasurer
any guess for whom the place was intended. The next day Coke
made his complaints to the Lieutenant of Ireland, and then it be-
gan to break out, that Mr. Treasurer Vane was the man designed
to be Secretary. Much labouring there hath been to cross him in
it; but the King is so far engaged, that I doubt he will not be

m Birch's View of the Negotiations between England and France, &c. in In-
troduction, p. 13.

■ Par. 1$ Car. I. p. 2. n. 3.
• See afterwards Lord Clarendon's remark oa this ill-starred promotion.

P Sidney's State Papers, Vol. II. p. 631.
VOL. IV. 3 l

514 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND. -

wrought off. If possible that can be done, I have better hopes
than ever, that it will be obtained for Leicester; for I assure you
of the Lord Deputy's using the uttermost of his power to effect
it. In another letter, dated February 6th, 1739/1 his Lordship
acquaints the Earl of Leicester, ' On Saturday last the Seals were
delivered to Mr. Treasurer Vane, and the day following he was
sworn Secretary: the Queen's solicitation hath much furthered
that business j *ut certainly no money hath been employed, either
to H. Germain (Jermyn), or to any body else on this occasion.
The affairs of France, Germany, Holland, and all those parts in
the Baltick sea, are put into Mr. Treasurer's hands 3 and, if I be
not deceived, you will find him ready to serve you. Mr. Trea-
surer would not accept of the Secretary's place, until he was as-
sured of holding the while staff also.*

The Earl of Clarendon has observed,1" ' That the Earl of Straf-
ford, with great earnestness, opposed Sir Henry Vane being made
Secretary of State, and prevailed for above a month's delay; and,
about the same time being to be made Earl of Strafford,, would
have a new creation of a barony, and took the title of Baron
Raly, a house belonging to Sir Henry Vane, and an honour, he
made an account, should belong to himself; which was an act
(saith the noble author), of the most unnecessary provocation that
I have known, and I believe was the chief occasion of the loss of
his head.' It is also further observed, by the same noble author,6
that, on his being made Secretary of State, the bulk and burthen
of state affairs, whereby the envy attended them likewise, lay prin-
cipally on the shoulders of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the
Earl of Strafford, and the Lord Cottington; some others being
added to them by their places, as the Earl of Northumberland,
Sir Henry Vane, and Sir Francis Windebank, &c, who made the
committee of state reproachfully called The Junto, and met on all
occasions, when the Secretaries received any extraordinary intel-
ligence, or were to make any extraordinary dispatch ; whereas the
body of the council observed set days for their meeting, and came
not else together, except specially summoned.

On February 4th, l6'3g, he was in commission1 with Alger-
noon Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Admiral and President
of the Council of War, William Bishop of London, Lord Trea-

* Sidney's State Papers* Vol. II. p. 634, 635..

' Hist-of the Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. I. p. 150, l£i*

« Ibid. Vol. 1, p. r49» « Rymer, Vgl. XX. p. 369, & se<j.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 515

surer, James Marquis of Hamilton, Master of the Horse, Sir
Francis Windebank, Secretary of State, and George Goring, Go-
vernor of Portsmouth, for a Council of War: and were autho-
rised to meet together, as often as may best conduce to the King's
service; and to consider of securing his kingdoms and dominions,
and all other matters concerning war and warlike provisons, and
to take cognizance of all misdemeanors, abuses, and offences
touching martial affairs, &c. also for the ordering and managing
the trained-bands within the realm of England, and dominions
thereunto belonging; and furnishing of forts and fortifications
within the realm, &c. for the safety of the kingdom.

On July 27tb, 1640, bearing u the titles of Treasurer of the
Household and Secretary of State, he was commissioned with
others to call before them such officers, or others, as have the cus-
tody of any of the King's jewels, and to require their bringing
before them the said jewels, to be viewed; together with all books,
notes, or inventories, wherewith they may be charged with any of
the said jewels, &c. and to order perfect and full inventories to
be made thereof, &c.

Afterwards he waited on the King in his last expedition against
the Scots in 1640: and was at York when a cessation of arms
was agreed on. Of the King's council were three of the commis-
sioners that concluded it, the Earls of Pembroke, Salisbury, and
Holland, who (as related by the Earl of Clarendon)," ■ were all
inspired by the Scots, and liked well all that they pretended to
desire. Besides those, the King had nobody to consult with but
the Lord Keeper Finch, the Duke of Richmond, the Marquis of
Hamilton, the Earl of Strafford, and Sir Henry Vane, Principal
Secretary of State. And the King agreed y thereto, as he thought
the Parliament of England would be more jealous of his honour,
and more sensible of the indignities he suffered from the Scots,
than his Commissioners appeared to be.' When the King left
York, he was accompanied by all the Lords, and Sir Henry Vane;
but the Earl of Strafford was left in the North, to take care of the
army, on which Lord Clarendon has made some observations of
the errors then committed, without any mention of Sir Henry
Vane being concerned in them.

Sir Henry Vane continued so far in the King's favour, that,

0 Pat. 16 Car. I. n. 19.

* History of the Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. I. p. 158.

X Ibid. p. 15^.

5\6 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

when William Juxon, Lord Bishop of London, humbly besought
the King to resign the office of Lord High Treasurer, his Ma-
jesty, on May 18th, l64l, constituted z Sir Henry Vane Treasurer
of the Household, and Principal Secretary of State, with the Lord
Keeper Littleton, Henry Earl of Manchester, Lord Privy Seal,
and two others, Commissioners for executing the several offices
of Treasurer of the Exchequer, and Chancellor of the Exchequer.
And on August 9th following, on his Majesty's taking a journey
into Scotland, hea constituted his Privy-Council (whereof Sir
Henry Vane was one), Regents of the kingdom during his ab-
sence, and to take care for the safety of his dearest consort the
Queen, his dearest son Prince Charles, and the rest of his roya*
children, and to defend them from all insurrections, &c.

Yet not long after, on Sir Henry Vane's appearing in the
prosecution of the Earl of Strafford, the King was so offended,
that he removed him from his places of Treasurer of his House-
hold, and Secretary of State, though, in the patent granting that
office to him, he was to hold it during life. And thereupon the
Parliament, when they raised their army, and published their de-
claration, avowed, ' it was only b for the defence of the King's
person, and the religion, liberties, and laws of the Kingdom, and
for those, who for their sakes, and for those ends, had observed
their orders. That, by the instigation of evil counsellors, the
King had raised an army of Papists, by which he intended to awe
and destroy the Parliament, &c. and the putting out the Earl of
Northumberland, Sir Henry Vane, and others, &c. from their
several places and employments, were sufficient and ample evi-
dences thereof.'

It does not appear that he was concerned in any measures
against the King, but continued in London, without acting in the
rebellion.0 And on December 1st, 1645, the Parliament, debating
oh propositions Of peace with the King, voted, that it be recom-
mended to his Majesty to create Sir Henry Vane, senior, a Baron
of the kingdom/1 He lamented the unhappy state of the nation
in those times of confusion, and was not in any commission or
employment under the Parliament. In July, 1645, his castle of

zPat. 17 Car. 1. n. 5, dors. a Rymer, Vol. XX. p. 481, 482.

b Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, Vol. IV. p. 70a.
e Whitlock's Memorials, p. 188.
«* The best proof' of his active zeal against the King, is this recommendation
of the Parliament. Editor,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 517

Rabye was surprized by the King's forces raised by Sir George
Vane, his son. Before the cruel murder of the King, he retired
to his seat at Raby castle, neither he nor his sons being concerned
therein, but opposed it all that lay in their power.

Notwithstanding what has been said, it stiil becomes necessary
to insert the character given of him by Lord Clarendon, that the
reader may judge for himself.

" The last of the King's counsellors (says Lord Clarendon),
who stayed with the Parliament, was Sir Henry Vane, who had
so much excuse for it, that being thrown out of court, he had no
whither else to go; and promised himself to be much made of by
them, for whose sakcs only he had brought that infamy upon
himself. He was of very ordinary parts by nature, and had not
cultivated them by art j for he was illiterate. But being of a
stirring and boisterous disposition, very industrious and very bold,
he still wrought himself into some employment. He had been
acquainted with the vicissitudes of court; and had undergone
some severe mortification, by the disfavour of the Duke of Buck-r
ingham, in the beginning of the King's reign. But the Duke
was no sooner dead (which made it believed that he had made his
peace in his lifetime, for the King was not, in a long time after,
reconciled to any man, who was eminently in the Duke's disfa--
vour), but he was again brought, into the court, and made a coun-
sellor, and controller of the household j which place he became
well, and was fit for; and, if he had never taken other prefer-
ment, he might, probably, have continued a good subject: for he
had not inclination to change; and, in his judgment, he had liked
die government, both of the church and state; and only desired
to raise his fortune, which was not great; and which he found
many ways to improve. And he was wont to say, ' that he
never desired any other preferment; and believed the Marquis
Hamilton (with whom he had never kept fair quarter), when he
first proposed to him to be Secretary of State, did it to affront him,
well knowing his want of ability for the discharge of that office.'
But without doubt, as the fatal preferring him to that place, was
of unspeakable prejudice to the King, so his receiving it was to
bis own destruction. His malice to the Earl of Strafford (who
had unwisely provoked him wantonly, and out of contempt),
transported him to all imaginable thoughts of revenge; which is

e Whitlock's Memorials, p. 151.

$18 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

a guest that naturally disquiets and tortures those, who entertain
it,, with all the perplexities they contrive for others, and that dis-
posed him to sacrifice his honour and faith, and his master's in -
terest, that he might ruin the Earl, and was buried himself in the
same ruin; for which, being justly chastised by the King, and
turned out of his service, he was left to his own despair; and
though he concurred in all the malicious designs against the King,
and against the church, he grew into the hatred and contempt
of those, who had made most of him: he died in universal re-
proach, and not contemned more by any of his enemies, than by
his own son, who had been his principal conductor to destruc-
tion."

He lived to the latter end of the year l()54,f when he departed
this life, at his seat at Raby-Castle, in the sixty-ninth year of his
age.

He had to wife, Frances, daughter of Thomas Darcy, of the
county of Essex, Esq. by whom he had issue four sons, and five
daughters.*

Thomas, and John, who died infants

Sir Henry Vane, third son and heir

Sir George Vane, youngest son, knighted at Whitehall on No-
vember 22d, J 640, seated at Long-Melton, in the county Palatine
of Durham, aged forty-six, on September 7th, 1666, when the
visitation of that county was taken. He married Elizabeth, daugh-
ter and sole heir of Sir Lionel Maddison, of Rogerley, in Durham,
by whom he had issue four sons and eight daughters. Lionel,
eldest son, married Catharine, daughter of Sir George Fletcher,
Bart, and had four sons, and a daughter. George, eldest son, was
father of the late Rev. Sir Henry Vane, D. D. Prebendary of Dur-
ham, who was created a Baronet, 1782, and died 1784, leaving
Sir Henry, who has taken the name of Tempest, in right of his
mother, and has married Anne, Countess of Antrim, in Ireland,
by whom he has a daughter, Walter, younger son of Lionel, took
the name of Fletcher, 16Q2, and was father of Sir Lionel Wright
Vane Fletcher, of Hutton, who was created a Baronet, 1786; and
was father of the present Sir Lionel Wright Vane, Bart, who was
born 176O, and has a son, Francis, born, 1797.

The five daughters11 of Sir Henry Vane were, Margaret, mar-

» Visitation of Durham, C. 41, in the Office of Aims. % Ibid,

h Ibid,

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 5ig

ried to Sir Thomas Pelham, of Holland, in com. Sussex, Bart,
ancestor to Thomas, late Duke of Newcastle; Frances, second
daughter, was wedded to Sir Robert Honeywood, of Pett, in the
county of Kent, Knt.; Anne, third daughter, was wife of Sir
Thomas Liddell, of Ravensworth, in the bishoprick of Durham,
Bart.; Elizabeth, of Sir Francis Vincent, of Stoke-Dabernon, in
com. Surr. Bart.; and Catharine.

Sir Henr? Vane, the eldest surviving son and heir, was born
about l6l2, and being educated at Westminster-school under
Lambert Osbaldiston, was admitted a gentleman commoner in
Magdalen-hall,1 Oxford, about the age of sixteen years. He was
knighted at Whitehall, on June 23d, 1640; and had (as observed
by the kEarl of Clarendon), great natural parts; and a quick
conception, and very ready, sharp, and weighty expression. The
same noble author adds, ( that within a very short time after he
returned from his studies in Magdalen -College in Oxford, where,
though he was under the care of a very worthy tutor, he lived
not with great exactness, he spent some little time in France,
and more in Geneva; and, after his return into England, con-
tracted a full prejudice and bitterness against the church, both
against the form of the government, and against the liturgy. In
this giddiness, which then much displeased his father, who still
appeared highly conformable, and exceeding sharp against those
who were not, he transported himself [in 1035] into New-Eng-
land. He was no sooner landed there, but his parts made him
quickly taken notice of, and very probably his quality, being the
eldest son of a Privy-counsellor, might give him some advantage $
insomuch, that when the next season came for the election of
their magistrates, he was chosen their Governor; in which place
he had not the fortune to please them long; and he unsatisfied
with them, and they with him, he thereupon returned to Eng-
land. When, being reformed from his extravagancies, he, with
his father's approbation and direction, married a lady of a good
family; and, by his fathers credit with the Earl of Northumber-
land, who was High-Admiral of England, was joined with Sir
William Russell, in the office of Treasurer of the Navy (a place
of great trust and profit), which he equally shared with the other
(and surviving him, had it solely), and seemed well satisfied, and
composed to the government.'

1 Wood's Athense Oxon, Vol. II. p. 391.
k History of the Rebellion, 8vo. Vol. I. p. S87.

52© ■ PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

But when his father (as Lord Clarendon further observes), re-
ceived the disolligation from the Lord Strafford, by his being
created Baron of Raby, the house and land of Vane (which title
he had promised himself hut it was unluckily cast upon the Earl,
purely out of contempt to Fane), they sucked in all the thoughts of
revenge imaginable; and, from thence, the son betook himself to
the friendship of Mr. Pym, and all other discontented or seditious
persons, and communicated all that intelligence that designed the
ruin of the Earl, and which grafted him in the entire confidence
of those who promoted the same-, so that nothing was concealed
from him, though it is believed, that he communicated his own
thoughts to very few.

The part he acted in the civil wars1 is recited at large in our
historians, and therefore I shall only mention, that when he was
Treasurer of the Navy (which place he held till the first wars be-
tween the English and Dutch), he shewed a rare example of
honour and integrity. The fees of his office were, at that time,
four-pence in the pound, which, by reason of the war, honestly
amounted to little less than 30,0001. per annum; bat Sir Henry
Vane looked on it as too much for a private subject, and very
generously gave up his patent (which he had for life from King
. Char. I.), to the then parliament, desiring but two thousand pounds
per annum, for an agent he had bred up to the business, and the
remainder to go to the publick. This was done, and the method
of a fixed salary has continued ever since in that office. He was
such a strenuous opposer of all tyrannical government, that he "*
incurred the hatred of Cromwell; who, in 1 653, when he turned
out the Speaker, and the Members, stamping with his foot, bid-
ding them give place to honester men,* he, in wrath, taking Sir
Henry Vane, junior, by the cloak, said, thou art a juggling felr-
low, and, abusing others, commanded his guards to turn them
out of the house.

On the restoration of King Charles II. he was looked on as a
dangerous person ; and being brought on his trial for high trea-
son, was found guilty, and receiving sentence of death on June
11th, 1662, was executed on the 14th of the same month.

Bishop Burnet, in his History of his Own Times, gives an ac-
count, that, ' as the sparing of Martin, Goodwin, and Milton,

* Every one remembers Milton's famous Sonnet to him :
" Vane, young in years, but in sage counsel old," &c.
f1 Dugdale's short View of the Troubles in England, p. 40$. •

EARL OF DARLINGTON. $21

who had not only justified, but magnified, the putting the King
to death, in their writings, was much censured; so, on tbe other
hand, the putting Sir Henry Vane to death was as much blamed:
for, the declaration from Breda being- full for an indemnity to
all, except the Regicides, he was comprehended in that ; since,
though he was for changing the government, and deposing the
King, yet he did not approve of the putting him to death, nor of
the force put on the parliament, but did for .some time, while
these things were acted, withdraw from the scene. This was so
represented by his friends, that an address was a ade, by both
houses of parliament, on his behalf: to which the King gave a
favourable answer, though in general words: so he reckoned that
he was safe; that being equivalent to an act of pr.r'iament,
though it wanted the necessary forms. Yet the great share he
had in the attainder of the Earl of Strafford, and in the whole
turn of affairs, to the total change of government; but, above all,
the great opinion that was had of his parts and capacity to embroil
matters again, made the court think it was necessary to put him
out of the way. He was beheaded on Tower hill, where a new
and very indecent practice was begun. It was observed, that the
dying speeches of the regicides had left impressions on the hear-
ers, that were not at all to the advantage of the government; so,
strains of a peculiar nature being expected from him, to prevent
that, drummers were placed under the scaffold, who, as soon as
he began to speak to the public, upon a sign given, struck up
with their drums. This put him in no d sorder: he desired they
might be stopped, for he understood what was meant by it. Then
he went through his devotions; and, as he was taking leave of
those about him, he happening to say somewhat with relation to
the times, the drums struck up a second time; so that he gave
over, and died with so much composedness, that it was generally
thought the government had lost more than it had gained by his
death.'

He had to wife n Frances, daughter of Sir Christopher Wray,
of Ashby, in Lincolnshire, Bart, and by her had tour sons.

1 . Henry, who died without issue.

2. William. 3. Rich, who died without issue.
4. Christopher, created Lord Barnard.

Also six daughters; 1. Dorothy, married to John Crispe, of
Oxfordshire, Esq. 5 2. Benina, to— —Forth 5 3. Frances, to

« Visitation of Durham, ut antea.

522 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

— — y— Kegwich; 4. Margaret, to Sir James Tilley, of Wales;
5. Ann; 6. Catherine., who both died young.

Christopher, first Lord Barnard, who was knighted by
King Charies II. was sworn of the Privy-council to King James
II. on July 25 th, 1688 3 and was created a Baron of this realm,0
by letters patent, bearing date on July 8th, l6gg, by the style
and title of Lord Barnard, of Barnard- Castle, in the lishoprick
of Durham.

His Lordship married Elizabeth, eldest daughter to Gilbert
Holies, Earl of Clare, and sister and coheir to John Duke of
Newcastle, by whom he had issue two sons, and three daughters,
who all died young: viz. Henry, who died March 4th, 1677,
aged thirteen months, and was buried at Shipborne, in Kent;
Christopher, Elizabeth, Albina, and Mary) and two surviving
aons.

1. Gilbert, his successor.

2. William; also a daughter, named Grace, that survived their
father.

His Lordship died on October 28th, 1723, in the seventieth
year of his age, at his seat at Fairlaivn, in Kent (which his grand-
father purchased of George Chown, Esq. in the reign of Charles
I.),p was buried in the church of Shipbourn, in that county, his
Lady surviving him. The Rev. Mr. Thomas Curteis, who
preached his funeral sermon, and claimed the honour of having a
very long friendship with his Lordship, has given the following
character of him, in his sermon preached at Wroteham, in Kent,
November 27th, 1723. In the conclusion thereof he thus ex-
presses himself :

' It may be expected I should say something of the noble per-
son, whose obsequies we now commemorate: and though dis-
courses of this nature are not designed for the commendation of
the dead, but for the instruction of the living, I think myself
obliged to touch a little upon the former; yet so as not to exceed
the bounds of truth and decency: for such an extreme would be
the more criminal, as it relates to one, who in his lifetime ap-
peared very far from affecting popularity.

' His Lordship's judgment of persons and things was clear,
solid, and penetrating; and his discourse open, familiar, and im-
proving, to those who had the honour and pleasure of his most
intimate conversation. He seldom cared to enter much into po-

• Probably as a reward for his father's sufferings in the cause of liberty.
P Harris's History of Kent.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 52S

litics, though very few understood them better. Books were
his chief diversion ; and he had a ready command of what was
valuable or instructive in them. As his temper was generally
even, free from the ruffles of passi6n, and excellent in itself; so
nothing but a chosen retirement, chiefly occasioned by a very
long ill state of health, could have hindered his personal abilities,
both natural and acquired, from shining in a more diffusive light.
He had a very just and honourable zeal for our excellent esta-
blished church and its interests; yet, not without a charitable
latitude towards those who conscientiously differed from it: nor
was he a less zealous advocate for our happy civil constitution
and liberties. He always declared himself an hearty lover of the
public peace, and of such measures as he thought most directly
tending to perpetuate so invaluable a blessing : and, as he per-
fectly understood, so he practised those virtues which conduce to
the quiet and happiness of social life. He was a very great eco-
nomist, and a most exact manager of his private affairs: yet, on
some special occasions, he shewed instances of a very generous
liberality, to a degree uncommon, and in a way as much concealed
from the world as possible. Neither was his Lordship less soli-
citous for the public good ; for, when through some disagreeable
events, or the caprices of»the people, the national credit has been
endangered by a sudden run upon the Bank, he has immediately
thrown in large sums to support it; as he had both a better way
of judging than many others, in respect of danger, and a due re-
gard to the common safety. One thing I ought also particularly
to mention, which, like a city on an hilt, cannot he hid: I mean,
that pious work of rebuilding the decayed church of Shipborn, in
a very regular, beautiful, and sumptuous manner; a work which
will, as a precious ointment, embalm his memory to after ages,
But what I shall chiefly observe is, that in his last sickness, so
long as he retained the use of his reason, he bore the painful de-
cays of nature with great meekness and patience: and, by his
frequently desiring the suitable appointed prayers, both from his
own domestic chaplain and myself, together with his devout
joining in them, he had recourse to the true means of support in
that hour of trial, which needed the strongest consolation from
above j and thereby appeared to leave the world in a truly pious
disposition: so that we may charitably hope he has made the
blessed and most advantageous exchange which J have been de-
scribing.*

524 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Gilbert, his eldest son, succeeded his Lordship in honour and
estate. r^

William, the youngest son/i was of a generous, candid, and
engaging temper, joined with an inviolable attachment to our
constitution and civil liberties; and zealously affected to our pre-
sent happy establishment. Her served for the county of Dar-
ham, in the parliament that sat first on business, November 18th,
1/08 j and afterwards for Steyning, in Sussex. And our late
Sovereign was pleased, by privy-seal, dated at St. James's, June
12th, 1720, and by patent, dated at Dublin, on October 13th fol-
lowing, to create him a Viscount and Baron of the Kingdom of
Ireland, by the title of Viscount Vane, and Baron of Dunca?inon,
in the county of Tyrone. He married Lucy, daughter and co-
heiress of William Jolliffe, Esq. of Caverswall Castle, in Stafford-
shire j and dying in 1734, left issue by her, who died March
27th, 1742, William, second Viscount Vane, well known for his
eccentricities, and for the imprudence with which he squandered
away a large fortune; till a life begun in wasteful affluence,
closed in 1789, under the sufferings of long pecuniary embarrass-
ment, without issue by his wife, the daughter of Mr. Hawes, a
South Sea Director, and the widow of Lord William Hamilton:
a Lady, whose name in the annals of gallantry was long too con-
spicuous.5

Gilbert, second Lord Bernard, the eldest son, baptized
in London on April 17th, 1678, married Mary, daughter to Mor-
gan Handle, of Chilworth, in the county of Surrey, Esq. by
whom he had issue six sons, and three daughters.

1. Henry, succeeded him in honour and estate, and was created
Earl of Darlington.

2. Morgan, in 1729, arrived at St. James's, from Mr. Stanhope
(late Earl of Harrington), Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary to the Court of Spain, with the treaty concluded and
signed by that court on November 9th, N. S. In 1732, he was
made Comptroller of the Stamp-office; in which year, on Ja-
nuary 23d, he was married to Margaret,, daughter of Robert
Knight, Esq. late cashier of the South- Sea Company; and sh

q He had a large fortune out of the Newcastle estates, and had the seat at Fair-
lawn from his father: which his son devised in 1789 to David Papillon, Esq.
who sold it to Mr. Simpson.

f British Pari. Regist. No. 70, and 194.

• Her Memoirs, said to be written by herself, may be found in a well known
novel of Smollec.

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 525

dying at Bath, in May, 1739, left a son, Morgan Vane, who was
Comptroller of the Stamp duties, and who died at Harrowgate,
November, 1779; having married on July 4th, 1/(50, Miss Up-
ton, and by her had a daughter, who died 177^* He, secondly,

married Mary, daughter of Fowler, of Fehham, in

Middlesex, Esq. but by her, who died at Bilby, in Nottingham-
shire, July 11th, 1/71, had no issue.

Thomas, third son, seated at Straindrop-Hall, in com. Pal.
Durham, died unmarried, on February 19th, .1758.

Gilbert, fourth son, in February 1732, was made an Ensign in
the first regiment of foot-guards, and after Lieutenant in the
same; and, in the rebellion in 1745, was Lieutenant-Colonel to
the Earl of Berkeley's new-raised regiment of foot. He was
Deputy-Treasurer of Chelsea-College, and died October 2Stb,

1772.

Randle, fifth son, died in the twenty-first year of his age.

Charles, sixth son, was settled in the county of Norfolk. He

was married, February 15th, 17/6, to eldest daughter of

Richard Wood, Esq.

His three daughters were, Anne, who died at the Bath, unmar-
ried, on March 11th, 1735-6; Elizabeth, wedded to Sir William
Humble, of Thorpe-underwood, in Northamptonshire, Eart, and
died1 February 22d, 17/0, aged fifty-seven ; and Jane, to Tho-
mas Staunton, of Stock-Grove, in the county of Bucks, Esq.

Lady Barnard, their mother, died on August 4th, 1 728, in the
forty-seventh year of her age: and his Lordship deceasing on
April 27th, 1753, aged seventy -five, was succeeded by his eldest
son.

Henry, first Earl of Darlington, whilst he was a Com-
moner, was first elected, on a vacancy, May 27th, 1726, a Mem-
ber for Launceston, in that parliament summoned to meet on
May 10th, 1722; and for St. Maws, in the two succeeding. To
the parliament summoned to meet on June 25th, 1741, he was
chosen for Ripponj and in the next for the county of Durham. In
1742, he was appointed Vice-Treasurer, Receiver-General, and
Paymaster-General of all his Majesty's revenues in Ireland j and
was made one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, in
1749. In 1753, he succeeded his father in his honour and estate:
and his Majesty was pleased to create him a Viscount and Earl
of this kingdom, by the styles and titles of Viscount Barnard,

* Co.nn-plate.

52<S PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

•
Earl of Darlington, by letters-patents, April 3d, 1754. On

March 6th, 1758, his Lordship departed this life, being then Lord

Lieutenant and Vice- Admiral of the county of Durham, and joint

paymaster of the forces. In 1725, he married Lady Grace Fitz*

roy, third daughter of Charles Duke of Cleveland} and by her

Ladyship, who survived him till September, 1 763, he had thre*

sons, and three daughters.

1. Henry, his successor.

2. The Honourable Frederick Vane, was born on June 26th,
1732, and at the general election, in 1761, was returned one of
the Knights for the county of Durham to the twelfth parliament
of Great Britain; married, first, Henrietta, sister to Sir William
Meredith, Bart, by whom he had an only daughter, who mar-
ried, February 22d, 1795, Captain Metcalf j and, secondly, Grace,
second daughter of Arthur Lysaght, younger brother of John,
Lord Lisle. And,

3. The Honourable Raby Vane, born on January 2d, 1736;
and being bred to a maritime life, was Captain of one of his Ma-
jesty's ships of war. When his elder brother succeeded to the
Peerage, he was elected, in his Lordship's room, Knight for the
county of Durham j and was returned one of the citizens for
Carlisle to the parliament which met first on business, November
3d, 1761. He married, at St. George's church, Hanover Square,

17th, April, 176S, to , daughter of the late Bishop Eyre,

and died in October, 1 ?6g.

His Lordship's three daughters were, Lady Anne, married, in
March, 1746, to the Honourable Charles Hope Weir, of Craige-
Hall, in Scotland, Esq. brother to the late Earl of Hopetoun, from
•whom being divorced, she, secondly, married the Honourable
^Brigadier-General George Monson, and died in the East-Indies in
1775; Lady Mary, wedded, in October, 1752, to Ralph Carr, of
Cocken, in com. Pal. Durham, Esq. and died April 11th, 1781 5
and Lady Henrietta, who was born on December 26th, 1738, and
died on January 20th, 175Q, unmarried.

Henry, his Lordship's eldest son and successor, as aforesaid,
second Earl of Darlington, being present at Cambridge at
the instalment of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle Chancellor
of the University, was, on July 30th, 1749, admitted Master
of Arts of that University. His Lordship was on a vacancy
elected Member for Downton, in Wiltshire, to the tenth parlia-
ment of Great Britain, and sat for that borough till he vacated
his seat by accepting the offices of Steward and Bailiff of the

EARL OF DARLINGTON. 527

three Chiltern hundreds, of Stoke, Disborough, and Burnham, in
Buckinghamshire, after his father's succession to the Peerage, as
Lord Barnard, when he was chosen in his place one of the
Knights for the county of Durham j which he continued after-
wards to represent, until he became entitled to a seat in the House
of Peers by the death of his father, on March 6th, 1758, as Earl
of Darlington, &c. On June 3d that year, he was declared Lord
Lieutenant, and Vice- Admiral, of the said county palatine of
Durham, and continued in the same places by his present Ma-
jesty j who, moreover, on January 29th, 17@3, constituted hinv
Master of the Jewel-office, and Governor of Carlisle in August
following. His Lordship was also an Alderman of the city of
Durham, and Colonel of the Militia of the said county. Betaking
himself to a military life in his youth, he rose gradually till he
got the command of a company in the second (or Coldstream),
regiment of foot-guards, with the rank of Colonel of foot; but
resigned his commission in 1758.

His Lordship, on March 10th, 1757, married Margaret, sister
of Sir James Lowther, Bart, afterwards Earl of Lonsdale, and by
her Ladyship had two daughters.

Lady Grace, born December 3d, 1757, who died fourteen days
old; and Lady Elizabeth, born April 28th, 1759, who died in
July, 1765 ; and a son,

William-Harry, Lord Barnard, his successor.

His Lordship died September 8th, 1792, and was succeeded by
his only son,

William-Harry Vane, third Earl of Darlington, born
July 27th, 1766. His Lordship married, September 19th, 1787*
Catharine, daughter of Harry, sixth and last Duke of Bolton, by
whom (who died June 16th, 1807), he had

Henry, Viscount Barnard, born August 16th, 1788.

Louisa-Catharine-Barbara, born January 4th, 1/91 .

William-John-Frederick, born April 3d, 1792.

Caroline-Mary, born February 8th, 1795, and died the 11th
May following.

Augusta-Henrietta, born December 2(5th, 1796.

His Lordship is Lord Lieutenant and Vice-Admiral of the bi-
shopricK of Durham.

Titles, William-Harry Vane, Earl of Darlington, Viscount
and Baron Barnard, of Barnard-Castle, in the bishoprick of
Durham.

523 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

Creations. Baron Barnard, of Barnard-Castle, in the bishop-
rjck of Durham, by letters-patent, July 8th (l6gg) 10th William
III.; Viscount Barnard, and Earl of Darlington, April 3d (1754)
27 George II.

Arms. Azure, three gauntlets, Or.

Crest. On a wreath a dexter hand in armour, couped at the
wrist, Proper, holding a sword, Argent, hilt and pomel, Or.

Supporters. On the dexter side a griphon, Argent; on the
sinister, an antelope, Or; each gorged with a plain collar, Azure;
the dexter charged with three left-hand gauntlets, as in the coatj
the other with three Martlets, Or.

MottO. NEC TEMERE NEC TIMIDE.

Chief Seat. At Raby-Castle, in the bishoprick of Durham*

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 52.9

FOX EARL OF ILCHESTER.

There have "been several persons of great note in England of
the surname of Fox ; but the first of his Lordship's family, on re-
cord, was William Fox/ of Farley, in Wiltshire, who had a
competent fortune there, and brought up his sons agreeably
thereto. He had to wife b Elizabeth, daughter to Thomas Pavey,
of Plaitford, in Wiltshire, by whom he had issue c a daughter,
Margaret, baptized at Pitton, on July 3d, 1616, Walter Fox, bap-
tized at Pitton, on July 30th, 1618, who died without issue 5
William Fox, baptized on May 14th, 1(520, who also died unmar-
ried ; as did Richard, another son, baptized on May 26th, 1627.
So that the said William Fox, deceasing in October, 1652, left
issue only two sons, John, and Stephen Fox, ancestor to the pre-
sent Earl of Ilchester, and Lord Holland.

John Fox, Esq. the eldest son, took up arms for King Char. I.
and, when King Charles II. came into England from Scotland,
he immediately repaired to him; and, escaping from the battle
of Worcester, fought on September 3d, 1051, he returned to
Farley, to his father's} but soon after retired into France, where
he lived till the restoration of King Charles, and then was made
Clerk of the Acatry to his households He was seated at Aver-
bury, in Wiltshire; and by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Henry
Smart, of Plymouth, in Devonshire, had issue John Fox, his only
son, thirty-two years old, June 14th, \QJ2 (who left issue an only
son, Stephen Fox, Esq. who died unmarried about 1O99), and
four daughters; Mary, wife of Edward Thorneborow, son and

a Lib. de Benefactors, MS. not. S. I, in Offic. Arm. b Ibid.

c Ex Regist. Eccl. de Pitton.
d Lib. de Benefact. MS. not. S. i. p. 70, in Offic Arm.

VOL. IV. 2 M

530 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

heir of Sir Edward Thorneborowj Elizabeth, married to Thomas
Dunkley, Closet-keeper to King Charles II. ; Margaret, wedded
to Sackvile Whittle, one of his Majesty's surgeons ; and Jane,
the wife of Richard Ridge, of Portsmouth, who had issue by her
Thomas Ridge, Esq.

Stephen Fox, the youngest son, was born at Farley, in Wilt-
shire, on March 2/th, 162/ j and, having a liberal education, his
proficiency in learning and sagacity were conspicuous in his
youth. John Fox, his elder brother, escaping from the battle of
Worcester (as before-mentioned), his brother, Stephen Fox,
went with him from Farley to Paris, being then in the twenty-
fourth year of his age. On his arrival there, he was (as Lord Cla-
rendon relates)/ entertained by Henry Lord Percy, then Lord
Chamberlain of the King's household : arid about the latter end
of the year 1652, ' on the remove of his Majesty from Paris, the
charge of governing the expences of his family, and of payment
of the wages of the servants, and issuing of all moneys, as well in
journeys, as when the court resided any where, -was committed
(as the noble author relates), to Mr. Stephen Fox, who was well
qualified with languages, and all other parts of clerkship, honesty,
and discretion, as was necessary for such a trust j and, indeed, his
great industry, modesty, and prudence, did very much contribute
to the bringing the family, which for so mai.y years had been un-
der no government, into very good order; by which his Majesty,
in the pinching straights of his condition, enjoyed very much ease
from the time he left Paris.'

It is certain Mr. Fox discharged his trust with great fidelity,
which appeared so visibly to the King, that he was actually sworn
Cofferer of his household: but, on the restoration, never obtained
that office, as Mr. William Ashburnham produced a reversionary
grant from King Charles I. However, in consideration of his
good and faithful services, Sir Edward Walker, then Garter,
Principal King of arms, by his Majesty's command, granted to
him, and his heirs, an honourable augmentation to his arms out
of the royal ensigns and devices, viz. in a canton Azure, a Fleur
de Lis, Or; as by a special instrument, under his hand and seal,
appearcth, dated at Brussels, November 23d, 1(558.

When his Majesty took up his residence for some time at Co-
logne, her royal highness his sister, Princess of Orange, making
a visit to him, was so surprisingly affected with Mr. Fox's con-
duct, in the management of the whole course of her entertain-

* Hist, of th« Rebellion, 8to. Vol. VI. p. £27.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 531

ment, that she shewed him very particular marks of her esteem,
and presented him with a diamond ring of value. She also re-
commended him to her royal brother, as the most grateful mes-
senger he could send to her on any emergent occasion 5 and his
Majesty knew so well his prudence and conduct, that he employed
him in several important dispatches to the Princess, as also to
persons of the greatest note in Holland -} and his negociations had
that weight and success, as to procure frequent supplies of money,
to the value of 10,0001. per annum, constantly paid, till his Ma-
jesty's return into England.

During the King's exile, he likewise kept a correspondence
with the Royalists in England, and had such intelligence, that he
received the news of Oliver Cromwell's death six hours before it
reached Brussels, and imparted it to the King, whilst he was
playing at tennis with the Arch-Duke Leopold, Don John, and
other Spanish Grandees. The King thenceforward employed Mr.
Fox on messages from the Netherlands to England, as one the
royal party confided in.

He married his first lady, Elizabeth, only surviving child of
Mr. William Whittle, of Lancashire, before he went abroad jf
for Stephen, his eldest son, was born and buried in France.

When the King came to Breda, on the invitation of the States-
General, being desired to make a public entry into their pro-
vinces, Mr. Fox, and Sir Edward Walker, Garter, King of arms,
were jointly sent to the Hague, to adjust the ceremonies of his
Majesty's reception there.

After the King's happy return to his dominions, his faithful
services were immediately rewarded, being made, first Clerk of
the Green cloth, on the settlement of the King's household; the
Duke of Ormond, Lord High Steward, having a great esteem for
him, and desirous of leaving the management thereof to one he
knew so well experienced in it. Also on that wild insurrection
of Venner, and the fifth-monarchy-men, in January, 1 660-1, the
King being advised not to be without guards, two regiments were
raised, of which Mr. Fox was appointed paymaster: and after-
wards other forces being raised, on the war with the Dutch, he
was constituted paymaster-general of all his Majesty's forces in
England. By that title, as also that of first clerk of the Green
cloth, I find shim among the benefactors to the building of the
College of Arms, after the fire of London.

f Ex Stermnate in lib. de Benefact. praeJ.
C Lib. de Benefact. MS. S. i. p. 71, in Offic. Arm.

532 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

The just profits of those two offices not only enabled him to
provide for his family, but also to exercise acts of generosity and
charity. His regard was shewn to the place of his birth, by
building the church of Farley at his own charge; and, in 16/8,
he built and founded an hospital there, for six old men, and six
old women; a neat building, with a chapel in it, and handsome
lodgings for a Chaplain, who resides there, and hath the title of
Warden of the hospital. This he endowed with 1881. per an-
num; and there is likewise a charity-school, wherein are taught
six boys, and six girls, all at his sole charge, by the said Chaplain
or Warden. He also built an hospital at Brome, in Suffolk; and
another at Ashby, in Northamptonshire.

In the North part of Wiltshire, he built a chancel entirely new,
where he was not at all concerned in the tythes; but, the Rector
being unable, it moved him to build it. He likewise built the
church of Culford, in Suffolk; and pewed the body of the cathe-
dral church of Sarum; in a manner suitable to the neatness of
that church, to which he was many other ways a great bene-
factor.

These are lasting monuments of his piety and generosity; and
he was h the first projector of the noble design of Chelsea-hospital,
having contributed to the expense of it above 13,0001. His mo-
tive to it was known from his own words: he said, He could not
bear to see the common soldiers, who had spent their strength in
our service, to beg at our doors. He therefore did what he could
to remove such a scandal from the kingdom. He first purchased
some grounds near the old college at Chelsea, which had been
escheated to the crown in the leign of King James I. and which
that monarch designed for the residence and maintenance of Pro-
testant divines, to be employed in defence of the Reformation
against all opposers : and on these grounds the present college is
erected. In memory of which publick benefaction, his name is
transmitted to posterity, in a fine prospect and description of
Chelsea-college, by Mr. Inglish, then Comptroller of the works
thereof, inscribed to the Right Honourable Sir Stephen Fox, the
Earl of Ranelagh, and Sir Christopher Wren, with their several
coats of arms.

•I shall now proceed to treat of the publick employments and
honours conferred on him. King Charles II. to distinguish so

* Vide the Sermon at his Funeral by Mr. Eyre, canon -residentiary of the
ihurch of Sarum.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 533

valuable a servant, knighted him, on July 1st, 1665. And, as
he had been in the intimacy and confidence of George Monk, the
renowned Duke of Albemarle, he paid a respect to his memory,
at the pompous and public funeral of his Grace, on April 30th,
1(570/ from Somerset-house to Westminster-abbey, being the
first assistant in bearing the Royal standard. Also, when the
effigy was taken out of the open chariot at the West door of
Westminster-abbey, and carried under a canopy to be placed in a
mausoleum there, Sir k Stephen was the. first of the six Knights,
supporters of that canopy.

In 1679} ne was constituted1 one of the Lords commissioners
of the treasury; in* which place he was thought so very service-
able, that he was kept in it (through divers changes), longer than
could ever be said of any man but himself $ being continued,
without intermission, in all commissions, except that when the
Earl of Rochester was Lord Treasurer on February 16th, 1685-6,
till he chose to retire from public business.

In the same year, l679,m the King appointed him first com-
missioner in the office of Master of the horse, in conjunction with
Sir Richard Mason, Sir Nicholas Armorer, Thomas Wyndham,
and Roger Pope, Esqrs.

In 1681, the Prince of Orange, after his marriage, coming over
to visit the English court, came post from Margate to Whitehall,
on July 234 j and, the King being then at Windsor, the Prince
made his first visit" to Sir Stephen Fox, and did him the honour
of dining with him the same day, and in the evening he waited
on his Majesty at Windsor.

On his being in the treasury, and supplying the place of Master
of the horse, his son, Charles Fox, Esq. and Nicholas Johnson,
Esq.° were, on December 26th, 1679, constituted joint paymaster
of the forces; but, he dying in 1682, Sir Stephen, hy his interest,
got it solely conferred on p his son, Charles Fox, Esq. though he
was then but in the twenty-third year of his age. And on Fe-
bruary 18th, 1684, Sir Stephen was made sole commissioner for
Master of the horse.

King James II. on his accession to the throne, on February 6th,

* Funeral of .he Duke of Albemarle, p. 19. * Ibid. p. 25.

1 Life of King Charles II. in Hist, of England, fol. Vol. III. p. 368.

» Chamberlain's State of Eng. in List of Officers, anno 1679.

■ Hist, of Eng. Vol. III. p. 392. • Ibid. p. 368.^

P Ibid. p. 396.

534 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

1684-5 j continued him first Clerk of the Green cloth ; and, on the
dismission of the Earl of Rochester from being Lord Treasurer,
in December, l68fj, constituted him 1 one of the commissioners
of his treasury, with John Lord Bellasis, Sidney Lord Godolphin,
Henry Lord Dover, and Sir John Ernley, Chancellor of the ex-
chequer.

Sir Stephen continued in that employment till the Revolution,
when he concurred in voting the throne vacant, and for the fill-
ing it with the Prince and Princess of Orange^ declaring, That
Popery was inconsistent with the English constitution ; and there-
fore all Papists should le for ever excluded from the succession
to the crown of England.

On March 19th, 1689/ he was again constituted one of the
Lords commissioners of the treasury; and was continued in the
several changes of that commission, till he retired from publick
business, in J701.

In 1692, when King James was come to La Hogue, with a
considerable army to invade England, he sent over a very formal
declaration, promising pardon to all that should return to their
duty ; but by name s excepted Sir Stephen Fox, with several
noble peers, &c. This invasion was prevented by Admiral Russell's
beating the French fleet.

Sir Stephen was elected to the first parliament called by King
Charles II. for the city of Salisbury, which he also represented in
the parliament called by King James II. in 1085. In 1 678-9,
the 31st of King Charles II. the city of Westminster l chose him
one of their representatives; as also in 1695, the seventh year of
King William III. He was a strenuous asserter of the integrity
of the Earl of Clarendon, and voted against his impeachment,
though he was in a manner commanded by the King to act in a
contrary part; which is more particularly specified in the histo-
ries of England, written by Dr. Echard and Mr. Rapin. His son,
Mr. Charles Fox, deceasing, who had been elected in 1698, 1700,
1/01, 1702, 1705, 1708, 1/10, and 1713, to serve for the city of
Salisbury in parliament, among the circumstances of his affliction
be thought himself deprived of the satisfaction he long had, in
serving in his own person, or in his son's, for that city; being
born near to it. This prevailed on him to resume the taking his
seat in parliament again for that city, at a time when our divi-

q Hist, of Engl. Vol. III. p. 4^1. r Ibid. p. $87. 610. 665.

s Ibid. p. 639. t Stow's Survey in second Appendix, p, 10.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 535

sions were at a great height} and he was unanimously chosen,
upon a vacancy by the death of his said son, to sit in the last par-*
liament called by Queen Anne, whom he had the honour, by her
Majesty's particular desire, to lead going in procession to her co-
ronation, on April 23d, 1/02.

He had the comfort and happiness, to the conclusion of his
life, not to be afflicted with any of the infirmities of old age,
which could make him the least burthensome either to himself,
his friends, or his servants. ' It must be owned, wisdom doth not
bestow the same happiness to every one that findeth her, but dis-
tributes to them their portion in a very different measure, with
more reason than we are able to discern.' Her bounty to him
was as if she emptied both her hands, and held back nothing
from him. He had the blessing of her right-hand in the length
of his days j and he had those of her left-hand, in his riches and
preferments.

He made his last will and testament," when he was aged eighty-
eight years, in full health and memory, as is therein mentioned.
And his sanity of mind appears, by the prudent disposition he
made of his fortune. He was thoughtful of his family and friends 5
and the day before he made his will, he settled the most part of
his estate on trustees, for the benefit of his sons, during their mi-
norities j which he confirmed by his said will and testament,
dated on May 25th, 1716; but signed, sealed, and delivered, on
August 6th following: which is likewise a proof of his mature
deliberation in the making of it.

He first recites, That by indentures of lease and release, bear-
ing date the 22d and 23d of January, 1688, he had charged his
manor and lands in Madington, in Wiltshire, with an annual
rent of 401. payable to the vicar or minister of the church of Ma-
dington: al«o with an annual rent of 1881. for the endowment
of an hospital built at Farley. And by deed, bearing date the
day before his will, he charges his said manor of Madington, with
201. more, to be paid to the vicar of Madington.

His next care was, in leaving a handsome support to Dame
Christian Fox, his wife, with all his furniture, plate, pictures, &c,
at his lodgings in Whitehall} constituting her sole executrix of
his will, and also guardian of his sons and daughter, during their
respective minorities. Greatly (as his own words are), conjiding

u From the Register, entitled Fox, number 5^2, in the Prerogative Court of
Canterbury

536 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

in her care and prudent management, of which I have had ample
experience. He further recites : ( And I entreat and desire my
good friend, Francis Gwynne, Esq.; my grandson, William Gore,
Esq. j my faithful friend, John Ward 5 and my faithful servant,
Richard Miller, to see my will performed, and be assisting to my
■wife in the execution thereof, and performance of the trust which
I with great satisfaction repose in her. And, in case of her death,
I constitute and appoint my said trustees, Francis Gwynne, Wil-
liam Gore, John Ward, and Richard Miller, and the survivors of
them, to be guardians of my said children, and their estates, du-
ring their respective minorities. And, for the greater ease of my
executrix and trustees, I have caused an account, or state of my
debts and credits, to be drawn up in writing, and have examined
and signed the same.'

He bequeathed, by his will, to the poor of St. Martin's in the
Fields 20 1. being his usual yearly allowance; to the poor of the
chapel in Westminster 20 1. to be distributed by George Lord
Bishop of Bristol, or the minister for the time being, officiating
in the chapel ; to the poor of Chiswick, in Middlesex, 401. j to
the poor of the city of Salisbury 301. ; and to the poor of the Close
there lOl.j to the poor of Cricklade, in Wiltshire, 201.; to the
poor of Farley, and Pitton, in the said county, 20.1. to the poor
of Grimsted, Plaitford, and Whaddon, in the said county, 101.;
and 8l. to the poor at Farley, to be distributed at the discretion
of his executrix.

On the conclusion of his will he makes this recital: ' And I
desire Mr. Thomas Gibson, who hath been assistant, and very
useful to me in my concerns in his way, may likewise be so to
my executrix and trustees; and, as a testimony of my satisfaction
in his past services, I give him 501.' And, lastly, revoking all
trusts and limitations, &c. by former wills, he declares this his
last, &c.

Having built a house at Chiswick, in Middlesex, he chiefly re-
sided there till his death, which happened without any approach-
ing warning of sickness, in the eighty-ninth years of his age, on
Sunday, October 28th, 1/16; and on November /th following,
he was buried in the church of Farley, in Wiltshire, a new struc-
ture he had built from the ground, having endowed the vicarage.

His first lady (as is already said), was Elizabeth Whittle, who
had, in 1694, a confirmation from Sir Thomas St. George, Gar-
ter, King of Arms, of the coat armour, that was found to be-
long to the family of Whittle, viz. Guks, a Chevron, Ermin,

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 537

fimbriated, letiveen three Tallots heads, erazed, Or. And she is
therein said to be the only surviving child of Mr .William Whittle,
of Lancashire. She died in 1696, and was buried at Farley, on
August 20th, that year. Sir Stephen had issue by her a son,
Stephen, born and buried in France;* and his second son was
born in l65Q, and, having the King for his godfather, was chris-
tened Charles. After the restoration of the royal family, he had
five other sons born in England ; Stephen, who was buried in the
cloisters of Westminster-abbey, on October 23th, 16/5^ Wil-
liam, who died on April 1/th, 1680, and was buried by him on
the 23d, aetatis 20; Edward,7- who died on October lQth, 1660,
cetatis 7, and was buried in Westminster-abbey; James, born
anno 166.5, and died on November 19th, 1677, aetatis 13; and
John, who died on November 17tb, 1667, aetatis 1, and was bu-
ried in Westminster-abbey: also three daughters; Elizabeth/
who was married in King Henry VII.'s chapel, in the collegiate
church of St. Peter, Westminster, on December 27th, 1673, to
John Lord Cornwallis, and died at Tun bridge- wells in 1682 ;
Margaret, second daughter, was buried, unmarried, in Westmin-
ster-abbey, on April 8th, 1687* ana" Jane, the youngest daughter,
was married, in 1685, to George Earl of Northampton, and died
on July 10th, 1721.

The eldest surviving son, Charles Fox, Esq. was in several
great employments to the end of his life. He served in parlia-
ment for Eye, in Suffolk; and for Calne, in Wiltshire; and for
the city of Salisbury. Before he was twenty one years of age, he
was constituted with b Nicholas Johnson, Esq. Joint Paymaster-
general of the forces, viz. on December 26th, 1679, and on April
l6th, 1682,° sole Paymaster, being then but twenty-three years
of age. Yet his abilities were so conspicuous, that he was esteemed
able to discharge the business requisite thereunto. He held the
place of Paymaster-general of the forces in the reigns of King
Charles II. King James II. and Queen Anne. And in the reign
of King William III. he was Vice-treasurer, and Receiver-gene-
ral, and Paymaster of the revenues in Ireland, and was likewise
Treasurer to Catherine, Queen Dowager of England. In 1679,
he married Elizabeth-Can% Trollop, only daughter and heir of Sir
William Trollop, of Casewick, in the county of Lincoln, Bart.

x Lib. Benefact. MS. S. i. p. 71. in Offic. Arm.

7 Ex Regist. de Eccl. Abb. de Westmin. z Lib Benefac. prsed.

a Ex R<?g:st. Eccl. prad. b Hist, of Eng. Vol. III. p. 36S.

« Pointer's Chron, Hist, of Engl. p. 298.

538 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

by Elizabeth his wife, daughter of Sir Robert Carr, of Sleeford,
in the same county, Bart, Chancellor of the exchequer, and of
the Privy-council to King Charles II. She was buried d at Far-
ley, on March 23d, 1703, leaving no issue by him; and he con-
tinued a widower till his death, in the fifty-fourth year of his ager
in September, 1713, and was buried near her at Farley. By his
last will and testament, he left legacies to all his nephews and
nieces, sons and daughters of his sisters, the Countess of North-
ampton, and the Lady Cornwallis; as also to his brothers, Stephen
Fox, and Henry Fox, and his sister, Charlotte Fox; and constituted
his father, Sir Stephen Fox, his executor.

Which Sir Stephen, in 1703, married, secondly, Christian
daughter of the Rev. Mr. Charles Hope, of Nasely, in Lincoln-
shire, who survived him; and, departing this life on February
21st, l71gj was buried at Farley five days after. e

He had issue by her two sons>

1. Stephen, first Earl of Ilchester.

2. Henry, of whom afterwards, as Lord Holland.

Also two daughters, one of which died young, by an accidental
fall from a window; the other, named Charlotte, was married to
the Honourable Edward Digby, Esq. (second son to William^
Lord Digby), who was one of the knights of the shire for the
county of Warwick in four parliaments, and she died his widow
in 1778.

Stephen, first Earl of Ilchester, the eldest son was, on
a vacancy, in April, 1726, elected for the borough of Shaftesbury,
in the county of Dorset, and served in the two succeeding parlia-
ments for the same town ; till his Majesty, in consideration of his
great merits, was pleased to create him a Peer of this realm, by
the title of Lord Ilchester, of Ilchester, in Somersetshire, and
Baron Strangeways, of Woo&ford-Strangewaijs, in Dorsetshire,
by letters patent, bearing date on May 11th, 1741.

The said King was moreover pleased, by letters patent, dated
on January 3d, 1746-7, to grant unto his Lordship the dignity of

d Ex Regist. de Farley.

« I subjoin the encomium of Granger on Sir Stephen Fox.

Granger speaks thus honourably of Sir Stephen, under the reign of James II.
(Vol. IV. p. 307.) " Sir Stephen Fox, who never hurt his conscience by ac-
quiring his fortune in the late reign, and scorned to increase it in the present by
betraying the interests of his country, was, for voting contrary to the King's in-
clination in the House of Commons, forbid his Majesty's presence, and dismissed
from his place of Paymaster to the Army, which was valued at 10.000 1. per an-
num." See Rembfs Memoirs, 4-to. p, 127.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 539

a Baron of Great Britain, by the name, style, and title, of Lord
Ilchester and Stavordale, Baron of Redlynch, in the county of
Somerset, to him and the heirs male of his body, lawfully begot-
ten; and in default of such issue, to his brother, Henry Fox, Esq.
afterwards Lord Holland, and the heirs male of his body, lawfully
begotten j and, further, in consideration of his Lordship's eminent
services, to grant unto him the dignity of an Earl of Great Bri-
tain, by the title of Earl of Ilchester, with remainder /q his
said brother, as before-mentioned, by letters patent bearing date
June 5th, 1756.

His Lordship, on June 23d, 1747, was constituted one of the
two Comptrollers of the accounts of the army; and was conti-
nued in that office by his present Majesty, who, moreover, ad-
mitted his Lordship a member of his Privy-council, on April 22d,
1763.

He married, in March, 1736, f Elizabeth Horner, only daugh-
ter and heir of Thomas-Strangeways Horner, of Mells, in the
county of Somerset, Esq. by Susannah his wife, the only surviv-
ing sister and heir of Thomas Strangeways, of Melbury-Samp-
ford, in the county of Dorset, Esq. by whom he had issue three
sons.

1. The Right Honourable Henry-Thomas Fox, the late Earl of
Ilchester.

2. The Honourable Stephen-Strangeways-Digby Fox, born
December 3d, 1751; a Lieutenant-Colonel in the army on half-
pay.

3. The Honourable and Rev. Charles Redly nch Fox, born on
April 27th, 1761 ; married, August, 1787, Jane, daughter of the
Rev. Dr. Hains, and has issue, 1. Charles, in the Royal Navy,
born December 25th, 1789. 2. Thomas, a Lieutenant in the
Royal Artillery, born December 2Sth, 1790. 3. Henry, born
February 25th, 1794. 4. Susanna, born September 12th, 1795.
5. Frances, born December ]Sth, 1797. 6. John, born February
12th, 1799, deceased. 7. George, born November 2d, 1802.
8. Edward, born April 2d, 1806.

Also six daughters. Susannah-Sarah-Louisa, born February
12th, 1743; married, April 7th, 1773, William O'Brien, of Stins-
ford, in the county of Dorset, Esq. ; Charlotte-Elizabeth, died
1755; Juliana-Judith, died 1 749; Lucy, born December 15th,
17483 married October 1st, 1771, the Hon. Stephen Digby, uncle

f Ex Stemmate de Horner penes Com. de Ilchester,

540 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to the second Earl Digby, and died August, 1787 (leaving issue,
Charles, born May 1775 3 Stephen, born in 1776; Charlotte-
Elizabeth, born in August 1778J and Kenelm, born in 1785);
Christiana-Caroline-Henrietta, born January 3d, 1750; married,
in 1771 * John-Dyke Ackland, eldest son of Sir Thomas-Dyke
Ackland, of Kelleton House, in Devonshire, Bart, (by whom she
had issue, two sons, and three daughters; the only surviving
daughter, Elizabeth-Kitty, was born December 1772; married, in
April 1796, Henry-George, Lord Porcht-ster, eldest son of the Earl
of Carnarvon); Frances-Muriel, born August 1/55; married,
August 24th, 1 777 > Richard Quin, now Lord Adare, of Ireland,
and has issue.

His Lordship dying September 26th, 1 77§> was succeeded by
Henry-Thomas, second Earl, born August 9th, 17^7} who
took his seat in the House of Peers November 12th, 1776.

His Lordship married, first, August 26th, 1772, Mary-Theresa,
daughter of Standish Grady, Esq. of Cappercullin, in the county
of Limerick, in Ireland, by whom (who died in June 171)0), he
had issue, two sons, and six daughters; viz.

1. Elizabeth-Theresa, born November 16th, 1773; married,
first, April 17tb, 1796, William-Davenport-Talbot, Esq. of Lay-
cock Abbey, Wilts, who died August 1 800, leaving issue, one
son; and, secondly, April 24th, 1804, Charles Fielding Esq. Cap-
tain in the Royal Navy, and nephew to the Earl of Winchelsea.

2. Mary-Lucy, born February 11th, 177® > married, February
1st, 1794, Thomas-Mansell Talbot, Esq. ot Margam, in Glamor-
ganshire, and has issue, Mary Theresa, born August 1/95; Jane-
Harriet, born November 179^; Christiana-Barbara, born April
1798.

3. A son, born in 1777> and died the same year.

4. Harriet, born June 17th, 1 778; married, September 1799?
James Frampton, Esq. of Moreton, in Dorsetshire.

5. Charlotte-Anne, born February 7th, 1784.

6. Louisa-Emma, born June 27th, 1785 ; married, March 30th,
1808, Lord Henry Petty, who, in November I8O9, succeeded hii
brother as third Marquis of Lansdowne.

7. Henry-Stephen, the present Earl.

8. Susanna-Carolina, born May 3d, ] 790, died in January 1792.
His Lordship married, secondly, August 28th, 1794* Maria,

third daughter of the Rev. William Digby, late Dean of Durham,
and brother to the first Earl Digby, and had issue,

9. William-Thomas-Horner, born May 7th, 1795.

EARL OF ILCHESTER. 541

10. Giles-Digby-Robert, born May 26th, 1798.

11. A posthumous son, born February 6th, 1803.

His Lordship deceasing September 5th, 1802, was succeeded
by bis eldest son, Henry-Thomas, the present and third Earl.
His Lordship was born February 21st, 1 787.

Titles. Henry -Thomas Fox, Earl of llchester, Lord Ilchester,
and Stavordale, Baron Strangeways, of Woodford-Strangeways,
and Baron of Redlynch.

Creations. Lord Ilchester, in Somersetshire, and Baron Strange-
ways, of Woodford-Strangeways, in Dorsetshire, on May 11th,
1741, 14 George II. Lord Ilchester and Stavordale, in Somerset-
shire, and Baron of Redlynch, in the same county, with remain-
der, in default of heirs male lawfully begotten of his own body,
to his brother, Henry, afterwards Lord Holland, and the lawful
heirs male of his body, January 3d, 1/46-7, 20 George II. and
Earl of Ilchester, with like limitation, June 5th, 1/56, 2Q Geo. II.

Arms. Ermin, on a chevron, Azure, three foxes heads, erazed,
Or -, and in a canton, Azure, a Fleur de lis, Or.

Crest. On a chapeau, Azure, turned up Ermin, a fox, sejant,
Or.

Supporters. On the dexter side, a fox, Ermin, frette, Or, col-
lared, dove-tail, Azure, charged, with three Fleurs-de-lis, Or;
and, on the sinister, a fox, proper, collared in like manner.

Motto. Faire sans dire.

Chief Seats. At Redlynch, near Bruton, in Somersetshire j and
Melbury, in Dorsetshire'.

543 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

APPENDIX.

The appointment of Earl Fitzwilliam, as Lord Lieutenant
of Ireland in 1795, has been mentioned at p. 3gg, of this Volume.
But as some peculiar circumstances attended his sudden recall,
and as they arose out of a difference of opinion on a subject which
still agitates the public mind, the subject of Catholic Emancipa-
tion, it ought not to be passed over in such total silence, as it has
been in the page already mentioned. I will endeavour to avoid
all political asperity on the matter. I will first, therefore, tran-
scribe Dr. Bissefs account, in his Reign of George III. though
short and imperfect.

" Irish affairs (says he), at this season were extremely inte-
resting and important. When Earl Fitzvvilliam accepted the
Vice-Royalty, as he afterwards declared, he had been authorized
to complete the Catholic emancipation;* and as soon as he en-
ered upon his office, he had prepared to put this popular mea-
sure into execution. The chief members of the Irish Ministry at
this time were the Beresford party, always inimical to the encou-
ragement of Catholics, but ardent supporters of most of the mea-
sures recommended by the English Ministers. Lord Fitzwilliam
dismissed from their offices some of these persons, and chose in
their places others favourable to the grand system which he had
in view. The steps for accelerating the Catholic emancipation
passed without animadversion from the English Ministry; but
the dismissal of Mr. Beresford, and his adherents, gave great of-
fence to the Cabinet of London. Lord Fitzwilliam refusing to
change his arrangements, he was recalled, and Lord Camden, son
to the illustrious Judge, was appointed his successor. Lord Fitz-
william arrived in Britain, made his appearance in parliament,
challenged ministers to prove that his measures deserved the
blame which their conduct intimated, and demanded an Inquiry.
Ministers contended, that no blame was attached to Lord Fitz-
william, and therefore no Inquiry was necessary for his vindica-
tion; and that there wrere reasons of state, which rendered the
discussion altogether improper. The motions^ in the respective
houses were negatived."b

* See Lord Fitzwilliam's Letter to Lord Carlisle.
b Bisset, VI. 39.

APPENDIX. 543

Mr. John Giffbrd, in his Political Life of Mr. Pitt, 1809, gives
a fuller, but less favourable account, from which I shall only-
make a few extracts. He observes, that, " Lord Fitzwilliam
reached Dublin on the Sunday, and by the Wednesday following,
he had resolved to dismiss Mr. Beresford." — " The fact (he con-
tinues), appears to be this, that Lord Fitzwilliam having resolved
to pursue a different system of policy from that pursued by his
predecessors, thought the usual advisers of government very unfit
counsellors for him; he therefore called to his councils Mr. Pon-
sonby and Mr. Grattan, who had formed a system which syste-
matically opposed every measure of the Government ; and from
these advisers, no doubt, the Viceroy received the character of Mr.
Beresford, and of other respectable gentlemen whom he chose to
dismiss from their respective offices. It was clearly Lord Fitz-
william's fixed determination to release the Papists of Ireland
from every restriction to which they still remained subject.
Without waiting to know how far a plan so fraught with the
most serious consequences was conformable with the views of
the British Cabinet, he authorised his confidential adviser, Mr.
Grattan, to move, three weeks after the meeting of parliament,
for leave to bring in a bill for that purpose. He immediately re-
ceived the opinion of the British Cabinet in disapprobation of the
measure. He did not choose however to stop short in his career;
but continuing to oppose his own sentiments to those of the Cabi-
net, he was recalled. His Lordship considered himself disgraced ;
and determined to promote, if possible, a parliamentary investi-
gation of the business."

" The Ministers, in both houses, confined themselves, in the
examination of the question, to the simple ground of justice and
policy. They refused to enter at all into the particulars of the
correspondence which had taken place between themselves and
the Viceroy; they declared explicitly, that no blame was imput-
able to the Cabinet Ministers, and disclaimed all intention of pre-
ferring any charge against Lord Fitzwilliam. The King had
exercised his prerogative legally and constitutionally; and Parlia-
ment were not justified, either by precedent or by the peculiar
circumstances of the case itself, in interfering in the business."

*■ It appears certain, from a close attention to all the known
circumstances of this transaction, that Lord Fitzwilliam had la-
boured under some gross misconception of the views and inten-
tions of the Cabinet. He must have misunderstood some con-
versation which had passed on the affairs of Ireland; for it if

544 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

impossible otherwise, that a nobleman of his honourable mind,
the integrity of which no one ever attempted to question, could
have pursued that line of conduct, which he began to adopt
almost immediately after his arrival in Ireland. Still he thought
it necessary to write for further instructions from Ministers : his
letter was written on the 27th of January; but not having re-
ceived an answer so soon as he expected, he chose to consider
their silence as an assent to his proposed measures, and to have
the Bill for the relief of the Catholics brought forward on the 12th
of February. This precipitation orr a matter of such vast import-
ance, was highly censurable; it was unbecoming a statesman to
draw such hasty inferences as he drew, and to act on conjecture
when certainty was within his reach. On the 14th of February
he received the marked disapprobation of Ministers: it was
perfectly clear therefore, first, that he had misunderstood them 5
for they never could have changed their views and designs in the
short period which had elapsed since his departure from England;
and if they had sanctioned his new system of policy at that time,
they would not have condemned it so soon after: and, secondly,
that his Lordship did not consider his instructions as conclusive,
or himself at liberty to pursue his own plan, without further
communications with the Ministers."0

• Life of Pitt, Vol. IV, p. 313 — 333.

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.

EARL POULETT.— P. l.

P. 15. Lieutenant-Gcneral Vere Poulett died at his house at
Addington, Bucks, March J 5th, 1812. His daughter, Harriet
Jane, died March 23d, 1811.

Ibid. Countess Poulett died January 24th, 1811.

Lady Sophia Poulett married, November 18th, I8O9, Henry,
Viscount Barnard, son of the Earl of Darlington.

George, second son, born May 13th, 1786, in the royal navy,
married, December 9th, 1811, Catharine Sophia, eldest daughter
of Sir George Dallas, of Patsal, com. Staff. Bart.

Vere, fourth son, is since deceased.

John, Viscount Hinton, married, May 18th, I8O9, the sister
of Mrs. Farquharson.

EARL CHOLMONDELEY.— P. 16.

P. 29. The younger brother of Thomas Cholmondeley, Esq.
is Dean of Chester ; and is an accomplished man, and well versed
in history and genealogy.

P. 36. The widow of the Honourable and Reverend Robert
Cholmondeley, died April 4th, 1811.

EARL OF OXFORD.— P. 37.

P. 84. Add to the issue of the Earl of Oxford,
Fourth, a son, born in January, I8O9.
Fifth, a son, born December 17th, 1811.

EARL OF DARTMOUTH.— P. 105.

George, third Earl of Dartmouth, died November 4th,
1810, aged fifty- five, at Sidmouth in Devonshire, whither he had
gone for the recovery of his health. He was Lord Chamberlain

VOL. IV. 2 N

546 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

to his Majesty, and a Knight of the Garter, and was born Oc-
tober 2d, IJ755; was educated at Oxford, and obtained the de-
gree of M. A. in 1775. In 1779* he was returned member of
parliament for the borough of Plymouth; and in 178O, for Staf-
fordshire j and two years after, he was appoinced one of the
Lords of the Bedchamber to the Prince of Wales j and in 1789,
Lord Warden of the Stannaries. In 1783, he was nominated one
of the commissioners of Mr. Fox's new board of Admiralty, who
were to be assisted by a subordinate board of nine directors. In
the summer of I8O7, he resigned his colonelcy of the Loyal Bir-
mingham Volunteers on account of ill health. While member
for Staffordshire, he supported the Coalition, and Mr. Fox's India
bill. His Lordship was a man of the mildest and most amiable
manners. The following lines were written on the late Earl, by
the Earl of Carlisle, when they were boys at Eton school.

•* Mild as the dew that whitens yonder plain,
Legge shines serenest midst yon youthful train.
He whom the search of fame with rapture moves,
Disdains the pedant though the muse he loves :
By nature form'd with modesty to please,
And joins with wisdom unaffected ease."

Ann. Reg. 1810, p. 407, 408.

He was succeeded by his eldest son,

William, fourth and present Earl of Dartmouth,
who was born November 29th, 1784.

EARL OF TANKERVILLE.— P. 125.

P. 132. Lady Augusta Sophia Bennet died February 10th,
I8O9.

Honourable John Astley Bennet, captain in the royal navy,
married, August 29th, 1811, the daughter of John Cony ers, of
Copped Hall, Essex, Esq.

Charles Augustus, Viscount Ossulton, Was Treasurer of the
Household in the late Administration. He has issue,

First, a daughter, born June, 1808.

Second, a son, born January 10th, 1>810.

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. 547

EARL OF AYLESFORD.— P. 134.

P. 137. The Honourable John Finch, younger son of the
present Earl, was appointed lieutenant of the fifteenth dragoons,
December 20tb, 1810.

EARL OF BRISTOL.— P. 139.

P. 154. The late Felton Lionel Hervey had issue,
First, Felton Elwell j second, Frederick B. appointed lieute-
nant-colonel of the fourteenth dragoons, July 12th, 1810 $ third,
Selina.

P. 160. John Thomas Forster, Esq. died in 17963 and Lady
Elizabeth remarried, October 19th, I8O9, William, late Duke of
Devonshire.

EARL COWPER.— P. 162.

P. 169. The Honourable Edward Spencer Cowper married,
May 23d, 1803, Catharine, youngest daughter of Thomas March
Phillips, Esq. of Garrendon Park, Leicestershire.

Ibid. The fresent Earl has issue,

First, George Augustus Frederick, Viscount Fordwich,
born June 26th, 1806.

Second, Lady Emily Caroline Catharine, born November 6th,
1810.

Third, a son, born December 12th, 1811.

EARL STANHOPE.-— P. 171.

P. 178. On December 28th, 1811, departed this life, at her
country seat at Ovenden in Kent, after a few days illness, the
Countess Dowager Stanhope, in the ninety-third year of her age.
Her Ladyship was the relict of the late Earl Stanhope, and the
mother of the present Earl. A person more remarkable for acute-
ness of understanding, and exquisite sensibility of heart, has, per-
haps, never existed. Notwithstanding her very advanced age, she
retained her faculties entire, and the superior qualities of her mind
only appeared the more conspicuous, from her possessing them at
a period of life when the affairs of this world seldom attract our
attention. Such was her philanthropy, that she always took the

548 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

most lively interest in every event that occurred, even in the re-
motest part of the globe, that could anywise affect humanity.
Religion, and the confident expectation of a future and a better
state, were to her (what they uniformly are to all good and vir-
tuous characters) a never failing source of comfort and exalted
happiness. The distressed always found in her Ladyship a warm-
hearted friend; and her judicious and extensive charity relieved
many hundreds of the poor in her neighbourhood. The amiable-
ness of her disposition was never more strikingly observable than
in her last moments j and one of the affecting expressions which
she used a short time before her death, was, that she had the con-
solation to reflect, that she had never spared any trouble to be of
use. Her Ladyship has left a will, in which she has bequeathed
her property to her only son, the present Earl Stanhope, whom
she has appointed her sole executor. By a codicil, she has left
legacies to several of her old and faithful servants.

P. 179. The Honourable Charles Banks Stanhope, m3jor of
the fiftieth foot, fell gloriously at the head of his regiment at the
battle of Corunna, in January, I8O9.

Philip Henry, Viscount Mahon, is keeper of the records in
Birmingham Tower, Ireland ; and surveyor of the Green Wax in
England.

1 *

EARL OF HARBOROUGH.— P. 180.

P. 184. Lady S. Sherard, third daughter of the late Earl,
married, in 1812, the eldest son of Sir Thomas Whichcot, of
Aswarby House, com. Lincoln, Bart.

Eleanor, widow of the late Earl, died October 9th, I8O9.

EARL OF MACCLESFIELD.— P. 190.

P. 195. Mary, Countess Dowager of Macclesfield, died May
29th, 1812.

llid. The Honourable Thomas Parker, brother to the pre-
sent Earl, has several daughters, and a son born March 17th, 1811.

EARL OF POMFRET.— P. 197.

P. 207. Lady Louisa Clayton died June 30th, 1 8O9.
The Honourable T. F. Fermor was advanced to the rank of
colonel in the army, July 25th, 1810.

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. 549

EARL GRAHAM.-P. 209.

P. 231. His Grace, the present Earl and Duke, was ho-
noured with the Order of the Garter in 1812.

EARL WALDEGRAVE.— P. 232.

P. 248. — George, present Earl, was appointed major of
the twelfth dragoons, March 13th, 1812.

EARL OF ASHBURNHAM.— P. 249.

P. 263. John, second and late Earl of Ashburnham,
died April 8th, 1812, aged eighty-eight, and was succeeded by
his only son,

George, third and present Earl, who was summoned to
the upper house as Baron Ashburnham, March 23d, 1803.
(See vol. vi. p. 132.)

John, his second son, an ensign in the foot guards, was
drowned in his passage from Portugal in 1810.

His Lordship has issue by his present Countess,

Percy, born November 22d, 1/95.

Bertram, born November 23d, \797> at Westminster school.

Charles,

Thomas, born July 3d, 1 800.

Lady Charlotte Louisa, born February 23d, 1806.

Lady Theodosia Julia, born November 2/th, 1805.

EARL OF EFFINGHAM.— P. 264.

P. 280. Henry Howard, Esq. of the Tower House, Arundel,
Sussex, only surviving brother of the late Sir George Howard,
K. B. died September 10th, 181 J, aged seventy-six, and was in-
terred in the family vault at Ryegate. He left issue an only son,
Major-General Kenneth A. Howard, second Major of the Cold-
stream foot guards, and now serving in Portugal, who married,
May 27th, i 800, Lady Charlotte Primrose, daughter of Niel,
present Earl of Roseberry, by whom he has issue.

550 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

EARL OF HARRINGTON.—P. 284.

P. 2S9. The Honourable Lincoln Stanhope was appointed
Lieutenant-Colonel of the seventeenth dragoons, January 2d.,
1812.

The Honourable Fitzroy Stanhope has left the army, and is
now in holy orders. He married, October 8th, 1808, Miss
Caroline Wyndham.

The Honourable Francis C. Stanhope was appointed a captain
in the tenth dragoons, 1810.

EARL OF PORTSMOUTH.— P. 291.

P. 328. The Countess Dowager of Portsmouth died January
29th, 1812.

EARL OF BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.— P. 363.

P. 372. The tresent Earl was appointed President of the
Board of Control, June 13th, 1812; and on May 23d, J 812,
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, which he resigned soon

after.

EARL FITZWILLIAM.— P. 374.

P. 399. Charles William, present Viscount Milton, has a
second daughter born May 2d, 1810.

EARL OF EGREMONT.— P. 401.

P. 427. Laura, daughter of the Honourable Frederick Wil-
liam Wyndham, married, July 10th, I8O9, William Miller, Esq.
of Ozleworth Park, com. Glouc. Julia, another daughter, died
July 23d, 1811.

EARL HARCOURT.— P. 429.

P. 448. Lady Elizabeth Lee, sister of the present Earl, died
in January, 1611.

P. 452. The present Earl Harcourt has resigned the

ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. 551

office of Governor of the Royal Military College, and is now Go-
vernor of Portsmouth, and Deputy Ranger of Windsor Great
Park.

. EARL OF GUILFORD— P. 454.

P. 485. Francis, present Earl of Guilford, married,
July 19th, 1810, Maria, fifth daughter of the late Thomas Boycott,
Esq. of Rudge Hall, Shropshire:

P. 480. Charles Augustus North, youngest son of the Bishop
of Winchester, is in holy orders, and married, March 11th, I8O9,
Rachael, second daughter of the late Thomas Jarvis, Esq. of
Laverstoke House, Hants.

EARL OF HARDWICKE.— P. 486.

P. 492. Joseph Pole Carew, Esq. son of R. P. Carew, Esq.
by Jemima Yorke, married, September 10th, 181 J, Caroline,
second daughter of John Ellis, Esq. of Mamhead.

Ibid. Elizabeth, wife of John Buller, Esq. died August 26th,
] 808.

P. 497. Sir Joseph York is a Rear Admiral, and was lately a
Lord of the Admiralty. His Lady died February 29th, 1812.

Charles James, Viscount Royston, died May 1st, 1810.

Lady Catharine Freman Yorke married, October 16th, 1811,
Dupre Alexander, Earl of Caledon in Ireland, late Governor of
the Cape of Good Hope.

P. 496. The Right Honourable Charles Yorke is now member
of parliament for St. German's, com. Cornwall. He was ap-
pointed a Teller of the Exchequer on the death of the Honourable
W. F. E. Eden, February, 1810, and has since been First Lord
of the Admiralty, from which he retired in 1812.

EARL OF DARLINGTON.— P. 499.

P. 525. The Honourable Charles Vane, sixth son, of Mount
Ida in Norfolk, left issue an only daughter and heir, Henrietta
Elizabeth Frederica, who married, August 20th, 1795, the late
Sir William Langham, Bart, and died November 1 1th, 180/, leav-
ing issue by him, who died March 8th, 1812, Sir William Henry
Langham, Bart, his successor, who survived him not more than
two months j and two daughters, coheirs .to their brother.

552 PEERAGE OF ENGLAND.

P. 527. Henry, Viscount Bernard, married, November luth,
I8O9, Lady Sophia, eldest daughter of John, Earl Poulett, K. T.

EARL OF ILCHESTER.— P.529.

P. 540. Lady Charlotte Anne Strangways married, Dec. 5th,
JSIO, Charles, only son of Sir William Lemon, of Carclew, Bart.

P. 541. The present Earl of Ilchester married, February
<6th, 1812, Caroline, second daughter of the late Lord George
Murray, Bishop of St. David's.

END OF VOL. IV.

Frintefl by T. Benstey,
Bolt- court, FItet- street, London.

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