Author: llgen, Lewis Wallace Title: A study of the arsenic content of Pennsylvania tobacco and tobacco soils Place of Publication: Copyright Date: 1937 Master Negative Storage Number: MNS# PSt SNPaAg031 .5 <104766>**OCLC*Form:manuscriptitem2 InputCHF Edit:FMD 008 ENT: 980111 TYP: s DTI: 1937 DT2: LAN: eng 035 (OCoLC)38092484 037 PSt SNPaAg031 .5 $bPreservation Office, The Pennsylvania State University, Pattee Library, University Park, PA 16802-1805 090 20 Thesis 1937m $bllgen,LW $cst*21 880759 $cax+(Archival) 090 20 Microfilm D344 reel 31.5 $cmc+(service copy, print master, archival master) 100 1 ligen, Lewis Wallace. 245 12 A study of the arsenic content of Pennsylvania tobacco and tobacco soils $ca thesis by Lewis Wallace llgen. $c1937. 28 leaves $bill. $c29 cm. Thesis (M.S.)-Pennsylvania State College. Bibliography: leaves 25-28. 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The slips are available in the Rare Books Room, in the Microforms Room, and at the Circulation desk. 650 0 Soils SxArsenic content $zPennsylvania. 650 0 Tobacco $zPennsylvania. 650 0 Soils $zPennsylvania. 830 0 USAIN state and local literature preservation project. $pPennsylvania. 830 0 Pennsylvania agricultural literature on microfilm. 260 300 502 504 533 590 590 Water Damage June 1993 ru*-=- Penn ;--7l"<'''Ui.tii i"t te Co.^.-re rl cru Dc "^ftrtment of Agriciiturnl end Biol, v.^; tea I Cht^^alrtry #i C tuiy ef fete Artienlc Conttiit of Pennsylir?ini.^'^. rob::cca and fobrrca ^olls i^ The 5- IS L««l« Vallaee li^en BuatiiiLwed In Partial Fulflllmcac for t..& dtoft ft 8 of BastC'r of fccitrnc© August 1937 ■ t I • • • • • • r t ) I • Approved I fTQl^*t ) » 111 1937 11 ;.aw ^ Q/zoctmmi^tvy Jj iKA;ciu.r^ fur %^ ^ -mr. t^ ai^ • a - » ar -v 1937 OF c.-'Ki, nm t Tn%Todiiction •»*«.« a«»««««#««««*«4l««*«#«« .■^. -Li f'''W ▼iwW Wi A* 1. L ' ' i.' f?-. ~- ^■- r ■-■ »«&«««»«•«.»•« 4 « IP »« • tfm Methods i»il««»1»«'«;«!«s»«»ii»««>''y«tK.«y>»»««a,«^«»y.«.«»A Paf* III, OtJj^et and Plan of Inv*^stlg«tlon • »»«t>««4« A V Presentation of Data ... • «%»» <»0«««»«««i«># .4» X t/ r • Dlsctisslon of A#sultt . • • * * . . • , ^ 1 ¥ 4. i. • C- ry an(i C^aelwilon «»#*«*^«««9e««»s>«» 23 VI ' ' .Ackno«l* »i «» » -t 4/. >^«^,4iiii«lJ>«kin «!•«»••> ?4 ttm 9ij.lofr»|rtiv.c.. «iacs»«s9»e«»»»«»9«9»#««*S 25 o54G2 I. Introntiet' on -^ATinr rme^mf' r» a mittl^r of iiii'#ft f f ns tmw9 W^^^^^VW WS^Wi^P Mr * « 'I i#y t«« find out Ijf aoSNB '-■:i=n t*» t^'n •••«nt1«X •1 tr ea for pi nt ffovt^ fb^- f,ir'- t of COS ^ ^niri ' ;' Oi" JsrS'^:!;- iK^.-ii t grcj'--th lm« IMIMI r; -<:bU»"t cf ■'Cl^a.tlflc lave s;.t.i ;.: It n-'.:' been r««ofiUt«4 t-«@t ar8«n*c it quite f— gaily foUMl 111 •nfwil %t«r :md **iaef^ tr^iF- r^n'^sal mvtf^t b^ v^ obtali tbt MTMMliC fTMi It food^ It «^|^ s;>on fdttWS tlmt ATMHic it di«rlv#d fi^ott tte orisliwl rack atii^^rml a« pyrit€ mad mrt ftoally «d4#d 0^ totsectield^s* •tae# mrs#iile it fmmd to bt eoMMnly mniMfit in aniiiaX am v#fet4bl# t5 the c^iMttlon wmfi raised &b to whttb^r or not arsenic it t5d#ntitl to tbt lift 9rrac#t0#t« It 1 not jrtt definitely known tbat aimitt ttuoitititt of tttbtttn«et &neh at trtitnlc auiy beiri^ u very dteidtd efftct on tiMHM proe#9tt3# fbt aore reeent iwi^ttlgatdrt tten. that It It ^tiXX too ttrly to Mikt any dtflnitt and final conelu^loB at to tht T^lm in '^hlch arsenic ulayt In pi^avt uik* aniital litm. If ^ulnutt quantltitt f artenlc nay or my not be utefttl to plant and anlaal lift^ It h^a ba^^'n often evident that it in a deadly poi on to both aniaal 0aA plaait lifr * trie quantity eMMuaed i^ ?arfe« Itorc recent i ^■^ ■e.:; :' I thxiv or tlw d»t#*r ft n u»0 of tlw9# r«fin€!, delicate aiiA «e«iir«il» Mtln«« »w« rc«4^reh wiu Imi ^mm on flutilag tba rdle of iir»#nic In cal i|r«tMM* -5- L X R#irl#ir of : * ^^V*- t. vut-^ir9 Arsenic h^xo beati fmmdi to be m c •leaent of all r;JTtci3ltnral ^- v,i -^nx In quantity from a mere trace to concentrntions sufflclimt to InblWt ptfent growth. Gre«v«« (13, U) found ar««iii« pif sent In «11 r.oli» that w«re analyzed, Evea in virgin solln arsentc iw?« found to th» ext iit of 4 pt>a. It did ne% r««tilt 4. i lt«r 3m or siailar iources as spray and dt? t rft«ldu#s, nnd, as re:iDrt(d by Beadden (15) in hie Investtgatlonii, iras derived In thia ^aa trou thm veatteriaf of or giaal ro«1ca froa which tha soil waa fonaed, Ot1»T inreatlgators (15, 2, 18) found ars«iiie twasent tn varied quantities In the soil dtte to t\w fart that artenlc not only occurs In the soil but because of Bethods of appll- eatlon nn^ fixation by baaaa, tcfids. to accumulata ttt the surfj;c •oil. Beaddan (15) found arsenic in 80«« euitivatfed oreherd aolls to the axttnt of 138 pom. ftnd he baliavas that in many plaeas the accuanlatlon 1p so gr« at ©s to render It injurious « to vegetation* SMie Investigators refer to arsenic as a ^normal constituent of the soil'' becaust* It Is almost always present In TOlls. Ktirifcel (^7) twmA arsenic In many rocks aadi «mtes'e# ForeifA Investigators lieve shown it to be present in appreciable quantities in the surface and undergrouna water of iK»e r^ fons* -4- Piantf: ■,:romi on :'ol. •?; cont liiln „ ?.rsenlc wer^ found Alfalfa \-hon grown on r-^fl OMit :1 ■1 v-t nlc* Otbtr tnycrtl K(^ ,-t ■*» c ve tTt,C':& ^.Ti^nxQ irom thf^ soil to r> pl<:nt i^9)$ 4» 1^'» 2Xt 2t)« fhc largirst Boure# c^f M»liitdl# arsenic twt piant ^roT^tK 1 • from Bprmya end dusts, (^")* It has i iihown that i,rti#fiic r€'nd-:.rs both henefieal 5*:-,.' X 'u2 •> ^: il •ff«et@ to pliiit growths Cooper (lO) lit^ tiiat the applic tion of mmXI quar:tttles of arsenic to ,^lg>it r noils ciecrsated thm yi#ltf of cotton ?^rK^ eowpmrn^m On th^ othar iMNHri 6t*»irt am f- Vi (29) inwAveail no InJ:.. y to v^ tnbles antil largt? quantities of soluble arsenic vp^^^ tMl4«d to a Mfl&y ealcarious soil* Arsenic ^mid as iitaaeti cldas fiiMis its vay to th^ soil and causaa da««ga to v g •«» tatlon^ (it i6j^ ?4)» JUfSMiic aa a nut Leut element is thoufbt to le essential for plant grov^th* S (28) found arsenic to be to>*c t medivm o^ncentrations in sand cultures but gave X (^ gersdoation^ Realngton (25) and Fheldon i?6) bavr mde & of the pf^esenee of ar:;ente in the ai^baal boAf tmA it effects, fiTfii* Irvr tigators Yt&w traced the amenle ac- cuBUlc tlon in inlaal tissue from plants, Bllletr a«! ■il^urt (7> aMi* • «tallsr of tlM eontcnt and localization of •ra»nic In tlia body* Ihay foond an average of 0,01)3 agAper 100 g, oi ioody tlawue. fbe Eretitt.-- t ^..ouTCt of ivsenle In t\m hody ii: from T»gat>-.t' TA iffiteti 1M9 btf-i £ prayed or dun ted with arsefiitsl In ->. > * * . * and tumgieid9Bm CmsalX and em' V- (9) aad« a WMbr of analysis of out telweeo .i* ■->•.. uc L and f oitnd thew to contain varied quantities of If -0^, froa 4.1 to 36 ??'d. SpaXXlno (?7) and Popp (23) found tiMit telMcco frcm certain ccuntr' : contslned aore arsenic fan eaaplaa froa otlwrt. Clncc- tfm ute of ar-scnlc;ix intJ-tiCtlciafc;. li- uot wideapread on tob&cdo, it veouXd mpp—T that 11^ %rsanlc «a« dMriv«d from tha aolls of the araas on r-hlch thaaa tobftccoa wer© T-v«n, jmlfyj*'^, Is ' tved ler ly from soil sources, 8 mov'^ detailed study of eoli arsenic was mada by ••▼•^•l workers, Albert and AfwAt ( ) round that tha a«ottnt of arsanlc lurasent In a field soil is not necessary related to the toxicity tov^ard crops, fen« fl«?lda on whicn ik)raial crops •ttn be grown aay contain aa anich arsenle as a ofar by field on T^hlch slallar crops ■ay be a coaiplate failure. Grtavea (13) states that tlic toxicity of arserdc to plants is probably governed by Ita aolublllty in the- soil, tcMtte iiVMitifators have correlated tha water solubla «lth the araanic yraaent In the plan^, v'htle others b3ve correlated acla soluble and in sosa cases tlie total of fr^ •ell with t>r4it of tha !»lMit. -A- 4 III. 0 \jfc-ct 'Ai'd plan of latest I::- tion It is concicved by plant ^^li^ biologist that a plant takat yt9 what el« H^^* » r * 4 W' =:ir€ preaant la tte soil, wliethfr benaflclai or toxivto lae plant, goiae cl«!3''*?»t^-' tfeac to a^cumu i-.u In the plfar^t. lalfc aay ba. dna to' fclMi re cco plant. ftia analystlcsl work consists of the aneiyst* of twenty fonr tobacco soila» two each on tiNilva furaa for total, acid soinbla amA wutr^r soluble araanlc, and the analysis of wipy— 14> t ' »wmpXmm of tolWicj grawt on ttw t-..r.ty temr m M •* «! JTlidfft t»^^ty four noils arf^ Xocs^i^ «i tw0lv# f^mUf Mill d 4 ...- I-. r 1 bii t ;"*ntifd ^-dth fhir. i» also ftn attiMVl; feo «tiov « varlftt^on In fehi ar«#i:lr cnn^--^at of i^nemeN«^ ©oils i^nd tn tliow^ If stiy, t variation of artfwiie la 4ltff#r«fifc fields on tiM mmi fidni« lo «r0<-nlc tir^id add#d to fehfri^^ soil i^ or to the taiM«eo plants during tiMi year of 19? 6 • £:ia:}li? of soil ^m^ tobi&cca whm att Imd st ths ssiMs tittle so r^^ c\>ndf tlofi'-- at ths tl«Bi of sampling ^rm eosiifHir^ble^ 8ft8i^>linr wss dBt la s»all» !ieilr>r (22) t;:^^c a study of tte accur cy of this sxc iiv.xi by Taryiag iihyrlcal factor and reaccntr^ to get the most accur tte res iltr vhen soliiti ja of ar««it€« According to Heller (22) uslnr the ^roo.:^.t ivvv for a series of detemlnatlon^ Is rl «s 0, -15 !^rr. of As D. . Fr«ar und Hodgklss (12) • t'?dled A# ^' the accui<.*.y of this nethoc In connection with the dfttttrni- nation of aricnicai rMidti«f on apples* th> v rag« de- :/ tlon obt ined was "^.OOJVO grains for duplicnte »ampl«s. -1 "^< the Gutirlt letho^ fm. Qutir^lt jik^tma is ^iven In tJ^t A*0,A«(. (5) *fl ,^ 4,iiQ t o^ I ht }■!■ *^.rea sat aayles (orfMii* ttrr reaovi nd tlm arsenic In an c^ ^-l^^eti ^tnte) t'le ar^^ Ic 1^^ rtcue*Nl to mn arsenic (AsH^) In the Oufcs^elt g©il»r^it3r by tte action of tiMitalllc zixu^ enCl , KCI# end iCL, A^'l V'=^ai^f^ixtB imx length of t 0f t unknown c^;n b# compared with a stain* -u- Fr»«ftntutlon of Data X ■:■«. *> •>■. © t. ♦ AnomitH of mr--nle (as AS-O^) in the soil •n6 In tobnceo plants gr-.)\^^G on tlm Si^m soil* A - fr^at^^ent •..«lc-m»**«M^»^«M««l ««^w i> w iW>— Pga»r^IW*W*-^ ■» '^^ f^ii^^p -ghy** -vwwar^MraMiWaMBMMMMkV 1*1— (ifiiWK I I mnn tmimm>0mmim0mmmmimmmtm0m ^ tc III ^ hn Cati Jamentg in the ..nt iwnAiiiMnwi II Mil rote I -■■•••►V - Iff" 17.5 8.5 6.0 Ada '' 'ub: (Soluble I; > '..^kuM*. '^^ > Jul I itmKta^mmttmmmmii »-' 0.55 r*,70 ' 0.30 9.5 0U5 13.5 0.50 U.2 0.35 6.3 a. 37 18.4 0.25 ^'.0 0.45 2^\6 0.55 II.O 0.3^5 IP. 5 o.;^5 rotal PPM 1 n 1.0 C.5 1.2 1.0 i.i 0.9 ^•6 i).9 -12- f«ble 2. iUtounts of «rri«;nlc (&» At-^O-*) In the soil CC' t*"' and In t^%v: tobacco t>Iaiit« groim on tb€ aaaa aoll« B - tr#ata*^:nt PftPlSl 4^ ■-> • ■ii »mi totmrntrnm wmu^mmmmm •5 4 5 6 7 11 12 f II1IWC'. ■iWli 1 1 «■■ —*——'i^~'"— -•••■■•>■'< ■•►•-- \ MmH»W|IM<>«WMriMli-««r>-' -«.'*•, A-->-^ > A • . - ». . . X. fotal ilcld Eoltiblt l^bl© In aMMMMM ?Ptt t 4.0 12.3 7.5 13.0 U.6 9.0 15.4 •? < A ^ • **• 17.5 9.5 15.2 0.40 0.4^0 o,5^> 0.50 0.25 »»-«.^>»^*«*# total tmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmt' inn i-gwB*«»w» • 0. 8 ^4 25 1. 50 I. 1') I. 1./ -!?• J?5 '• It" u . h ' \x - 10' f -' I * f • ; • A / ^- Pjrrrj t^^ynh^y^ /# // I Fl^^ura I imomifJB^t fital n !c (i) As 0) In tfm jt .* f?<>ll or tio Ft'-.lda on tbc i'trne Fam. B - f;o!l^ -1^-. / z pdv-m /Vui-^^cv- ^ /o Jl ^K Fi^^tlM II ir;t5 of Arsenic (as^ *»^^' ^^ ^^ fejbscco Plant grown on fw «ffwmt Fleli* on be smp Far* A - folNicco B - r jbucco -15- PtM. 1.00 on^ os^ 0.1^ ' o ^ ^^- S' if /a if '< J^^KHl IMuVrib*-^ Fljture III §mom%9 0f AcU £oli3ble (Soluble In 0.05N HCL) Ar.«nU (as A.,0,) In tr,. r.oil of I .- F1.1<1» <>» t». e«« Fnr«s, B • Soil* -^A^ fpra 3 0 I / A ' \ / \ / 'V cef, W«t«r •oluMe •rsenlc w.. ,. tk-o sisal :i ti~. =.iU.intlty to he dtte-raim?'!. ?hc total arsenic f ttw» totecco plant ▼nrled i-r-a:& 0.5 ??« to 3.5 n# art-^j.lc conttrtt i^f thr plnnt vas foun to iHl • direct fynctlon o! the acid solubir sreenic of tht soil, Phr correlation eoefi lcl«nt b«t»«MI acid »ol nb € «rs«f)lc hivS. total areenlc in tht pl.-int H'-ss b+'f-n calculi. t«-tl (55) ftccordlr.^ t^:* t':« forjauie. T = lD^_ (CxCy) (7:^- 6^ «hero r f ?^ t^* cjrrelatiwi. *> twten tt*- t^o vurlsble^s X uml X, riM proL-ifib'*: -rrror hni; b< f-cn c^.'i.culat*'o o/ t^>e farmila: ^-r. • i • -67/5 (1 ~ r ) fh*? corrfeiatlort ctimgtieifnt be«v»«n the meU wO m.. U i"' A, *;> arsenic feiiC Uit^ total In thm plant ^ 0,^ 7^ \ 1:5^ hi tfaft co#fflcl nt iMitwiNm the tot e Ml ars€?tlc of tha jiall i, <'y -4 I t?» tot«I Of the- jlaat a U.331i .0139. Bet- of the correlation c<>#ff leltnttJ artj r;l.rntflcr?xt In tiw lUht of t it probftb'fc errors, IitclcaMng that there Is cctuslly a r»lttl-:>nrhl'> b#'twe--n U^ arsenic (both t..tal &»v:l hcIg •olr.ble) In fie .loll iiuu thut vU tir* pi >r»t. But t}>-r« t« of t'i« plent as sb3jf.n by the Itr; « » corr^^. !>t!on coefflcl^r c. •2(>- » ; y«» lurmnry of Fota •r&*-/.i.c of Soil tnd Aeld Coltible ■i :^ tlo III 1^1 ■ iMiwiii— iimiiiji iwtmmm'fvmpM^m.^ ■W».,ifc»^» . -^WinWIjMtaH— af Pot I id f^olublt ri^entc of r>ll MPI0 *****'^***^ ''■■-r"'*-'iiArflri>r*rii>riiw»^ "nnmrmtr^inMi iHi nni ■■! w i ■ wi m t mmm m -mi rtm /.5 ro-o.li- »ia. _ hlfhe^t or lat-CBt -f aU cU' ta c.>ti«td*r*d, fH« •••»! it-- ):.!r» ftTvrai^f of twenty-four s>.m'tleB ill all caspj-, the ratio Is obtalnfd by U£ln o i^ns* -21-« ft?ble L ia^^avy of Plant ^m-^ Totvi Arsenic of Soil ■»'> "^^t'^-'— ■» 'ir ■— --T • ■ iiwiirntl '""*■ *'" "■" ~ ■ ■ III- III! iiin. . .-M.»--ar.i. Ill I ■,^... , , ■■.^. ^^.^ ^^^^^^ "IT"*" '* ' ' ii-nTii'Mn jitm'm Ml xtauia ■ .i«-i». .1 II- n»i III »Wi««».»l»irl» —1) IHM , , I ■ l»iw mKmmmmmtmm im-.i.HiMin. II ,i>ii rots I Ars'^nic In tioii • " • ~rT*i" immnww. '-'**if*'*i*ri^i»*m.m*:atmmu>y^^\A ^.5 r-wi B>U>...^^^.^^..^.w<^ 3.5 ?-^M 1" ■' 7 0.5 Coefficient or correlation 0.3310^ ). 008V Ratio iiifc1^>w>li rwM nil— ^^nmm^^'m ■M t mtmm%mtTmh\i rafole 5 £tia»ary vji Acia Soluble Ar.ncnlc and Plant Arsenic . -.*--^ .... ..j,,»r. ^^K,*,,,,^,,,/,^.^,^,,^-^,^,.^^.,^ ^___^^,_^ -•*,.*«»: .Mft^ "•*» ••»« v'^kfl * Mtnlimni 3€Xlle « » ' "'^ "*' '■WKW4tf^^maA«i>aMMiP«i».«ab>*aMaMM^taWl M«BwM» . «uaaMHi AeK Soluble Ar&enlc Plfant Arsen 5 c ■UBiifHWh^^l vai«,)««. P #««Mi«.a '>lkiia««jt.'^ianMaOTW«Mr-^U»Au»,4 0.75 P''M r'»«tK. « MM-^'Jl Cdrreit^tlon ^ ^[: ■Ml.— — t n? »■ i f »ni» I !■« I 3.5 i.n? 0.50 Rntl lr-.83 r..t r tii :.f thfc- total arsenic ooati^ut of Vrm soil t. t\mt of the plant la roughly 1 j lo whlir the total of the soli to seld »oXub.Le In the coll Is 1 , 30 or only one- thirtlf th of fm total avatUbU? for the tobacco plant. ths set: soluble to that of tlm plant Is 1 to , which Phowe that the soluble arsenic is reli.ted In ^uaafclty ht he aaounc in the plnnt. r^- dfitn obtrined cjin b« aiore clearly unccrstood by rf>rerrlng to t^ie graphs (l-5). fiic data WTtt not correlated with any other deta taken frous eitmr th? soils or thf tobacco. The dlffe rence of th^f pH of the A ma the B tl^af-ftd soils was not slE'niftcnnt to cation, for this «•• UM primary rec on for both tlv? A and B treat;flents on the sane farm, the brcterlal content of the soils slwwed no correlation. ,f VI X Fij'T.K*i'y and C-nc:.^jslon X • the to-:.*.! arsenic cont*»nt of tn^ soli t-- n;>t always • aeasure of th© arsenic In thm plant. 2. Tim arsentc utilised by tW^ f ■, rcv> plant ii close. y fvX&ted to the acid solub-^^ ar:-.'-:'.c of the f^o'"'. ter soluble araartlc ^.as t.,,.> low in qimr^L'ty to i^€ sured quantit,' i-vny, 4* The araanle content of the tobacco plan^ was mora closely correlated wit?-, the acid soluble thsn the tctr.i arsenic of the soil, rherf^fare, tte acid soluble. 1? 5. f. In this ease, mie for plants. .ore available sourc of arsen'c The avamge a«ount of total ars^-nic fojnc in Lrncnrtr County £oil8 le 12.3 ?P1I, i:cifl soluble (soluble la O.Ofll HCL) 0,113 PPM. The lav* rage arsenic of the too cc; from these soils Is 1,17 PPM. 6. fhe rfttlo of total arsenic In •©11 to soltfUe in toll 1 J 30 fiatlo of total in phmt to soluble in soil 1 t 29,3 Fiitlo of total in sofi to total in :jl;mt i : l-).5 7, The ersenic aot onlji varied frora fars to f{ n but ro varied on thih- saa^ f«ra, Tim A and the B soil treat i^nts had i. aot 'oeab.lt? iniMuf-ncf on the nrsr-nic solubility oi* •oil arsenic. Sflthrr the A or the B tVMitt soils haw any notlceah c •ffect on the- aolubllity of fcrsenlc in tlie soil nor the Wtlllz. tlon by th© pliant. VIII. lC':iV0- K' « >^^ 'i^' •• i tt fhf:^ rMih^T t-k^n this o ^ort, inity t fY '^-^^^ hig tr.nc€T^ a*^ ^r^ lc:t^)r; t> f r, tonald !• !!• Fre^kr for hit eon^tmnt rs?-lj5tance diirlri'' tlx e::^=lr^;^ thli irorki ioad to X:t. I), t. BhI^j f^r hf.r grr?)t Inters :?t ^^nd x^r his mmnf helpful 3tigg#:rt:: ,>ne^« Bib.; 1,5,'-T' ■'hv I* Alb*rt, w. n, 1934. Arsenic Soluble ty in Soils S. Carollnn Agr. Ex:r.. r.t,--,.,,;7th Ann Rpt Ibert, '". B. 3. i. 6 ; ^ ~i,n 2. A 193:, Araenlc roxlclty In £oll s 6, Carolina Agr, Ax.^t. £tf:._^ .; ■th a-u. Ft Albert, W. B. 1931. •46 rhc^ concentration of Dol-dx,.;: Arsenic ns &n Index to Arsenic Toxic I ty fc Plant C. Cnrollnfc Agr. Ex,)t. £t£..ATO>. Rpt. 47-48 Anonyaous - 1933* A^orptlon of Arsenic by tlw C-nr Cro ). Ctxne Grawer. ,w .rt Btjll. i, 41 5. AsFoetatton of Off clal Agricultural C: sltt s 1935 Official and fent^cive l^othods of Analyfils Coaptied by thr coanlttee on editing methods of analysis. Bd. 4, ? 37) - 3 (11 ue) Barnes, J, w, and Hurray, c. w. 1933. Accuracy of the Gutzelt Malted for tlia Detawtmitlon of Minute vnantltler of Ar:enlc Ind. Eng. Cmux, And. td,^2, I9^3n Bllletr, 0. and Murfurt, E. i923» t\m RoriBal is.rs'enlc Contf^nt of i\ Rn:o&n Body, Helvetica, r^'*--. Acta.,,! 780-4 i« -26- i. C.uilon, r. ''HC Clir£oT(.i, E. G 9. 1930 D' tor.Ineit'^on of Arscnl Analyst 55 10; -9 Cnsvll, C. C. and Bmim, C. M, 19.'. 6, Lead nnri Anru Jo'ir, Pub. Ai-:.fivc ContGj!: of C'y?-In., Health 26 9 'l^/ Tobcicco 10» Cc?o,.; r, R. P^ - Q "A 1 11. F? . Iff ct of C i,cl na Ari!f-,r?,- t- on tr» r P-odTictina af Certain coll typ-s 1 Exp I. Eta. /,:jn n..t, 28- 1930. Methods of CowBlat' on Lru:)ly..is John v.i,,.y ^ Co, K'v Yar^c» -* ><•■. ^>«., i.. « 'i. ^ ^nd flcgkli: :, V . 8* 1936. iif curacy .r I^- t-.i-r:a.ln . tt jii oi' Le^^d and kTB^tiii. on Apjlc ■• Jotjr. of kQT. tie^^arch. Vol. 5.-^ H. g tV /-.6/ 13» Gr^- V f}, J. ^, 19?4*. Pb/ Arsenic C>::t nt of f^otl^i Sofl £;clrnc-^ V :> : . 36^ p. 35:; ^ 62 14. CivemTmB, J» E* 19X3 # the Occwrrtnc <'JX i. 1' i. *, c n » » 1 ^'^Biochcfn^ BU ^ J'. ■5^: J 15 # Iku d^n, f. P* 1911# The Occurr^Dfic of Ari^;en!e In BoHb, Pliant s ana A^d.aals \ 6. JdI, Jc'?, 62/-^ ^i, !ill'*F, I?. C. 19^1 ♦ ?l"?>t r--.:yi 'v>-ogy t) ?2. »cll4.T, J. p. Y. T.oncon, '•' ^32 1929« A f-.tiidy of the kccurhcy .•:' th€» OrJt':.ft Metisod for /tr.';t-;ilc. Ja :r. AiEfoc. Off. /,-r, Ch' : . ''''^"''' ^■*' * ■■■"'' ~ ^ t *23* Po-j:}, !U -> ■>f Ar»#n*c 1<- Toa::.co *r- « i^Hii n. Ch*^ • f t3F-9 iV3tu toxicity fv.r^j Ar enf.( Ci^': ,;>outid r Id flc- 'fii F: 0 3de 27, Vsj . zs f' .' . -O In .H';:^2in Frivl^rn ^*nt. f '"j f f.-, 1 r^ .-% ,^ T r» £•' 192 z. r}!ff Ba«l» or Lli> Br' t. Mr ^.M 0 T Vol. 1 47 '■>■' 5 t ? W I t V,' 2*». S I Q 1 *» .-., v> , ^-, £ - ■«. rr lei'cr^ or Bsrlijfli ^m/ Ar-enlr ^-^ eo of Tt^lloU Manufacture .-1 ' -r * u ..a u &- m ^ ^ '.1 » ' r ; > 1 / *- T T 17""' ^^-\ :u • j^ --• «w# 19?*^. rh« rvn-hinz of TobRcco a^sd r:'ialll«i ' J * ' r • ^ y -it • 4b! ^f Q— dL ■■■ ->- ♦.. ♦ J. , ..a 1^1 th, : . • • 19-2^'# Ba?i^ R#Xa loaif ol Arn^^nlc ti Pliant Gr > th Foti ilcl^t^v ., Vol. U, 119-1^6 •26- 8, CUillon, I. and Clifford, 6. G. 193^^ Det r linatlon of trfimie Anc„ fBt 33 102^9 9# Cessll, C* C. and E^ltf, C i936# Lead and Arsenic Content of Chewlm Tobacco Jknn. Jaur* Pub* il#alth 26 9 )l--4 10# Coo v r, H. ?• 1931# Effi^ct of Calci^im Arsenate on tlMi Pfeductlon of C^rtala Eoil tyoai F. C rolina Agr# Expt* Sta. Ann Upt. 28-37 11. Irektel, M^ 1930. Methods of Correlation Analy^^le John Wiley & Co. New Xork. 12. Fvoht, D. 1. H., ^n floilgklss, W. 8« 1936. Accuracy of the Df teralnntlon of Lead and Arsenic on Apples. Jour, of Agr. Research. Vol. 52, N. S 639-644 13# GreaVf^s, J, f. 1934* liie Arsenic Content of Fotla Soil Eclenee, Vol. 36, p. 355 • 62 14« Oreaves, JT^ P. 19134 Rie Occurr^ncr^ of Arsenic in S^lle^Biooheis* Bu I, Vol. 2, 519-5^3 15* Bea d^n, W. P. 1911 • The Occurronc*^ of Arsenic in £oll». Plants and Animals Proc. Colorado 8el. Eac^Vol. 9, 345*60 -27- 16* Si^ln, P. and Aatnis, A* 1916, Fr^e^"?**. risti-iuutian, aad Role af Ar«*nlc and Mdafiuws* in Plants ll#ir. &<•!. (?. ris) Vol. 51, 5^-93 17. Kunkfl, A. J. 1905, Bo - C- led jlorael Arsfculc ^t«chr. Pl^slol ChMi. Vol. /,/ij 511 - 529 (Jour. Chea. I'oc. t8 sbs. 5A2) IS. SeH rsiMf J. S. 1935* ll«?ort ou l-a-et- Coanon BletM^nt* la fJoU. Jotrr. Aesor. Off. Agr, Ch^^n.jVol. 18, 237-10 19. Keli«rfue, J. E. and 6lMNSd, 0. M. 1930. the Effect 7f ilg, Ci, 7.xi, B, no A'- on thf Growth of Oats. Jo'iir. Aa. lac, Agro»» Vol, .■', 20« Meyj£tofs m, F 746 !Clnts*ury, A* 1933. Slgnlf Ic. nee anti ranger of Spr^y !U»»ldiJ«'." Ino . • Cirf u. Vol, i^^^, 6^4-8 ?l. SiUUr, f, C, 19:^1 ♦ ?1 nt fhyslolo^ (Text) McOraw-Bl;/' Co., Inc., II. Y. a ic Loncon, ?. -32 ?2. Ilell*r, J. R. 1929. A V . <■- V* ;y of thi> Accuracy t^f t" ;i3t -: It Kathod for Ar:;trdc* laur* Ai- >c. Off. Afr. Ch»^»* ^^^* ^^ *^^^ ^ ^"^-^ 4*^ ♦ 26» 29^ PopPf B« OccuFf ac# of Ar»«iie In ftolMieeo i936# loxlclty fround» to Rice on Flooded Soils. Jour* AM* 6oc, Agrc.j, Vol^ ZB, -42^-6 25. P In^ton, R* E. 1927. A, Blttop^rto I3nsus>0ctid fourct^ of Arst^nic In fiu ivlomt ^ ;t. Jotir. Aa« C]^m. Coc, VoU 4^> i4l''*l6 Ehieldon, J. Fl ^7* f 19^:4# fte Hln^r:^ Bails of Lift Brit. «f^. Jaur., Vol. 1, 47 - 53 ino, R. . 191.:. fhiL ?res#rc ol* P ' i smi Ar^'^enlc in fblmcco of Ttull i:in -^iinufiLCturc Qa^:. C ila. It-d. .J, 43^ II 475-81 28# S;3*^ncer, E. L* 1937. fh^ « itachlas of Tobaeco a.^a rhalltuai roxlctty As. JToiir. of Itetuny^ Vol^ 24 f 16-^2^ t, J-, 192-'7# Saaa R«»ia Ions of Arn^nic tj Plmtt Gro th Soil £cl^ficn, ^al. 14^ 119-1^6